The Sun. — London, England, 1831-08-30 00:00:00

were two great features of dissimilarity between Ireland and almost every other country, which ought to be noted, before any inference was drawn from comparison. Arthur Young, 50 years ago, and Malthus five years ago, observed that the gentry in Ireland have no mercy for the poor. The law that made slaves of one caste and tyrants of another, demoralized both ; it sent the people to roll and wallow in the depths of poverty, while it petrified the feelings of the aristocracy, and gave to power an ossifica tion of the heart.—(Hear, hear.) It might be said "Time will cure all this." Aye ; but when would the moral Aurora arise? A generation must be laid in the grave, and the field of Irish prosperity must be sought in the church-yards of Ireland. Independently of the general hard-heartedness produced by long and vitiating misrule, Ireland (it was to be recollected) was the island of absen tees. Her life-blood was drained away ; millions of her acres poured their produce into English harbours, and to the laborious peasant, the sweat of whose brow does not earn his bread, not one ear of all that golden harvest was ever destined to return. The great Lords of England had principalities in Ireland. They never saw the country; or if they did, their " angel visits" were paid on those days so auspicious to the prosperity of their tenants, —the 29th of September and the 25th of March. There was another class of proprietors, and they were still worse,—the lesser and vagrant aristocracy of Ireland herself, who looked upon their country as a mere receptacle of vulgar provinciality,—who preferred being insignificant in London, to being useful and respectable in Dublin; or who in France or Italy vilified their country in all the artifices of accent with which they vainly endea voured to disguise the original raciness of a genuine Irish intonation. If a poor law could reach the proud Saxon who neglected, or the paltry Irishman who despised, the country that owed him a return of scorn, it would confer a benefit. It were well if Ireland could stop, in transitu, some portion at least of the treasure that was poured into patrician coffers ; and as to the continental itinerists who would be compelled to return to prevent their annihilation, a poor law would have the merit of banishing them to their country and sentencing them to home.—(Hear.) These peculiar incidents to Ireland belong to her gentry; but it should not be forgotten that the Legislature have, in the infliction of much misery, entered with them into a disastrous co-operation. The " clearing system" was sent nee a chariot with two scythes fastened to its wheels by the law itself (the Subletting Act and the Disfranchise vnent Bill), to mow the people down. He should not diecuss the abstract propriety of preventing farms from be ing broken into fragments, but he complained, and corn• anon feeling complained, that no measures of cotempora mous counteraction were provided,—that no issue was af forded, even by emigration, for the ejected tenantry, but that thousands upon thousands were driven from the fields where they were born, and hoped to die, without supplying them with a place of refuge in the forests of Canada, or even in the blasted wilds of Australian sterility. (Hear.) But instead of providing this resource, a proceeding was adopted which ought to make the perpetrators and tin participators shudder.—(Hear.) A scene of greater affliction was not to be found in the annals of human sorrow. Whole masses of the people were turned out wit} the world before them, and with Providence for their gu id e . Old decrepit men, children scarcely able to crawl. women almost in a state of nudity, and men with brawny arms and famished faces, went forth in droves of destitu tion. Some lay down in ditches to die; others raised hovels for the purposes of casual mendicity on the brow of come hill in the public way ; some retreated to excavations in bogs, and hewed themselves out a habitation in a morass. But the greater part found their way into the obscure lanes and alleys of ruined districts in large cities,—they swarmed in human clusters in garrets and in vaults; if you looked up, you saw famine glaring from a cashless window in the attics of some deserted house ; and if you looked down, you beheld it in a cellar, seated upon its bed of short and pestilential straw.—(Hear.) There was no exaggeration in this. The Committee report that the ejected tenantry suffered affliction sishich it was not in the power of language to describe. But this was called a state of transition. Call it pesti lence, famine, death, and men would tremble; but call it transition, envelop it in the technical vocabular of fiscal science, and a directory of economists will speak of it with the tranquillity with which a French philosopher would have expatiated on the process of regeneration which his country was undergoing through the sanguinary celerity of the guillotine.—(Hear, hear.) But it was only justice to add, that at last men's eyes and hearts had opened. It was admitted that something must be done to alleviate these d r eadful . sofferings ; science had relented, political economy had been touched, algebra was giving way to pity, and theorists and speculators were no longer heard, amidst the cries of a nation that stretches forth her hands for food. Mr. STANLEY, after complimenting the Hon. and Learped Gentleman upon the energy and eloquence with which be supported the views which lie took of the very important subject Thich had that night been brough under the conside ration of the House, said that the Hon.t and Learned Gentleman, followed an example set him in various quarters, had indulged in the customary ex aggeration with which the causes were generally described front which the evils so much complained of were said to have ,Isrung. In his conscience he believed if there was one sub , ieet more than another upon which exaggeration was frequent, it was on that single subject, the distress in Ireland arcing from the operation of the Subletting Act. He had taken the pains to make some inquiries upon that matter, and the result of those inquiries did not lead him to think that anything like the mischiefs attributed to the Subletting Act arose from that cause; nay, he could not find a single case wherein the process of ejectment was, proceeded on under that Act. There were occurrences in Ireland which led to the difficulty and distress ; but they ateither proceeded from, nor were they assisted by, the Subletting Act. Setting aside, however, those considera• tiros, he would come to the topics which he ese chiefly ros e e for the purpose of noticing. The first of th th pr „ po sition for a compulsory rate upon the inhabitants of Dublin. A petition had been that morning put into his hands, signed by the gentleman who held office for the Lord Mayor of Dublin, which petition he had signed on behalf of a public meeting at which he presided. That petition prayed fur the enactment of poor laws for Ireland, and, so far as it went, proved that the desire for that species of provision was every day gaining ground in Ire land. It had been said with respect to Dublin, that there did exist there, as there must in every city in Ireland, to a greater or less degree, the machinery for carrying into effect a systetn of poor laws; but surely the case of the Mendicity Society afforded nothing like an ex periment which could warrant the introduction of a system of poor laws into that city ; and for this rea son, that the conductors of the Mendicity Society felt that their funds were circumscribed, and that they did not possess an unlimited command over the purses of their fellow-citizens, such as a compulsory rate would impart to the overseers of the poor, or whoever might have the management of those affairs. The rate upon the city of Dublin, or Cork, Limerick, or Belfast, might be all very well if it carried with it any security that the system would go further; for he felt with all the Hon. Members who had spoken upon the subject, that nothing could be more equitable than that the land should be made to support the poor, provided that, in securing to them the means of subsistence, worse evils than the former dis tress were not introduced. The proposition of the Hon. Mover was one entitled to the most serious consideration, but lie thought it dangerous for the House to pledge itself to espy opinion unless it was prepared to adopt some spe cific plan calculated to give relief to the people of Treland, without' carrying in the train of that relief a body of evils greater than those removed. Suppose there were a com pulsory assessment in any or all of the principal towns in Ireland, would not the population of the country be in stantly driven to the garrets and the cellars of the city, so soon as the mere act of inhabitancy could procure them gratuitous relief? It was said by an Hon. Gentleman near him that a day was sufficient for the mainte nance of persons in Ireland, as the Mendicity Society could support a considerable portion of those under their care for that sum ; but, as he had said before, the proceedings of the Mendicity Society proved no thing, for they had not the unlimited power of assessing their fellow-citizens. He would request of his Ho. nourable and Learned Friend to look at what might be the probable results of a compulsory assessment. Let them look to the evidence given with respect to the houses of industry in Cork and Dublin. The introduction of a compulsory assessment would be nothing less than the commencement of a system of which no man could see the termination. It was letting in the narrow end of the wedge, with every probability that the greater portion would speedily follow. On the abstract question of the introduction of poor laws into Ireland, he was not prepared to give an opinion, but, for God's sake, if the House were determined on the adoption of them, let it ha done with their eyes open—let them not begin by exciting expectations which they could not gratify —let them not make an ad vance without the possibility of receding—and let them which might lead God knew where. n u o e t e la s e p g e icniaialysyobjected to the th proposit d ion of the Hon. r n oun whi t c h ii at w i e t an w t ent to Gentleman opposite, pledge the House to a ondectareatigo igbt be understood to siga,a; thing or nothing• the making a proviaiiotornfo-r the blin the lame, or tlie impotent ; but soon there might be d, found no a t plausible rovide provided compla:ot that the able bodied mo re distinct or morepauper fur. There wea no two propositions capable of being supported upon Jitferent srounds than were those to which he had thus alluded. He therefore not only on account of the House, but on account of the people of Ireland, must refuse his assent to the proposi tion of the Hon. Gentleman opposite. Nothing could be more dangerous than to commence a system of so much importance unless they were able to follow it up. No thing could be more inconsistent with the moat obvious dictates of prudence than to enter without due considera tion upon a course from which there was no escape. If the Hon. Gentleman were prepared to introduce any Bill —( Hear, hear, from several parts of the House)—he had no bubt it would receive the most attentive consideration of the House. He was the more anxious that the Hon. Member should bring forward some specific measure, for then some opportunity would be afforded of judging what the Hon. Gentleman's views were, and what were the means which he proposed for carrying them into effect, but at present the House and the country were left utterly in the dark. He could not conclude without, however, expressing his persuasion that an opinion in favour of the poor laws was every day gaining ground in Ireland, and that to an extent which no Government could or ought to oppose. Mr. LEADER, after dwelling upon the melancholy condition of Ireland, adverted to a variety of returns, for the purpose of showing that the consumption of the vari ous articles of luxury had been gradually decreasing in Ireland ; that she had five millions of taxes to pay, and two churches to support that were grinding the poor in habitants into the earth. The Hon. Gentleman then en larged upon the miseries which the people of Ireland were daily and hourly enduring, and particularly called the at tention of the House to the great services which Ireland did to the other parts of the empire. He was persuaded that the only mode of procuring relief for the people of Ireland was thus to make the cause of their suffering fami liar to the great Council of the nation. Passing then from the causes of its suffering to the means of its relief, he would say, that he anticipated considerable benefit from the operation of the National Loan Fund. He thought a per centage upon the property of absentees would be highly beneficial, at the same time that he thought even the re sident gentry ought to be made to contribute. Added to these, much good might be derived from the immediate expenditure of Grand Jury presentments. Lord MORPETH would oppose the motion of the Hon. Gentleman opposite, as the subject was already under the consideration of Government, as the matter was not then brought forward in a tangible shape, and as the adop tion of any such resolution might hereafter very much embarrass the House. Mr. S. RICE objected to the introduction of poor laws in Ireland, considering that it would produce a mass of evil ; and he protested that he and the other Irish proprie tors who thought with him rejected the proposition in favour of this system not from any selfish feeling. Mr. LEFROY said he would not consent to follow blind folded the Hon. Member (Mr. Sadler), who had set for ward the principle by which be was guided in so broad and vague a manner. He doubted if poor laws could be properly td ministered in Ireland. There were no large farmers there; ind thus the individuals who might be one day administer ing the laws, might the next be the object of their bounty. It was, he admitted, a just principle, that the richer class should provide for the maintenance of the poor, but not after a manner which would have the effect of reducing themselves to beggary. Sir J. BURKE thought the time was come, and he be lieved that this was the opinion of the most intelligent and well-informed people of Ireland, that the time was come for introducing poor laws into Ireland. He should, there fore, he ready to vote for the resolution of the Hon. Me►n ber.—(Cries of question.) Mr. MORE O'FARRELL was of opinion that all pro perty in Ireland should be taxed for the poor as in Eng land. He did not comprehend why there should be one law for England and another for Ireland. The poor Irish, seeing a different law when they came here, lost all respect for the law in Ireland. The want of such a law had cast a stigma on that country. It was not possible that the principles taught by the Church of Ireland could be re spected in Ireland when large revenues were extracted from the people for its support without an adequate return. At the same time he had no more wished to make any en croachment on Church property than on the property of , he land-owners. He supported the motion. Mr. BENETT wished to see a modified system of poor laws adopted for Ireland, and this was the prayer of a pe tition he had to present from Chippenham. The pe titioners complained justly, that the cheaper raised pro duce of Ireland met their produce in all the markets of this country, and they wished the two countries to be placed on an equal footing.—(Question, question.) He did not, however, expect or wish to see the poor laws, as they were now administered in England, introduced into Ire land.—(Question.) They might, however, adopt the principles of those laws. The House heard the Hon. Member with much impatience, who concluded by de elating that he would support the motion, and that the poor had a claim to relief out of the church lands.— (Loud calls for question and adjourn took place, when the Hon. Member resumed his seat.) An HON. MEMBER. moved the adjournment. Lord ALTHORP wished not to sacrifice another day, and if the question were adjourned, he should propose that it should be adjourned till a distant day. An Holz. MEMBER thought every Irish Member should have an opportunity to speak. He proposed that the de bate be adjourned to Monday. Lord ALTHORP had no wish to prevent Hon. Mem bers from speaking ; but wished it to be on some distant , lay; and he should move that the question be adjourned till that day month, —(Loud calls of " Adjourn, and go on.") An HON. MEMBER declared he would support the original motion by Mr. Sadler. Mr. J. SMITH had witnessed two Irish famines, and would support the original motion. He had never heard the lion. Member for Aldborough propose that the Eng lish Poor Laws should be introduced into Ireland ; if he had, be would oppose him. He only wanted to pledge the Parliament to do something. The English nation had twice relieved the Irish when in a state of starvation, but he believed it would not do so again. The last time that was requisite it hung fire. The Corporation of the Bank of England, which was generally very liberal, had refused to contribute on the last occasion, and so had other bodies. If again a famine should occur, an insurrection would ge nerally take place ; and if ever an insurrection were jus tified, it would be that. Reserving to himself the right of opposing any plan which might be brought forward, he should support the original motion.—(Cries of question ! and adjourn.) Colonel O'GRADY was surprised to hear, after all that had been said and written on the subject, that any doubt should now be entertained of the propriety of introducing poor laws into Ireland. Such a measure would make all property contribute to the support of the poor which the landlords had created. A meeting of the county with which he was connected (Limerick) had taken place, and decided on the propriety of introducing poor laws into Ireland. He wished the Hon. Member to withdraw the motion, and at once to bring in a Bill, to which he promised his best support.—(Hear, hear, calls of " adjourn.") Mr. JAMES GRATTAN approved of the course taken by the Hon. Member for Aldborough. He thought poor laws for Ireland would prevent emigration into England. lie knew that the Wall of his county, who were well off, staid at home, and that was a more decisive fact for Hon. Members than all the theories of the lion. Member for Ashburton. Mr. DOMINICK BROWN was desirous that the Hon. Member for Aldborough would withdraw his reso lution, and bring in a Bill. Mr. RUTHVEN highly approved of the resolution. Mr. SADLER made a brief reply. He felt himself under the necessity of adhering to his resolution ; and would rather that it should be met by a direct negative than by the previous question. Lord ALTHORP observed, that he was not prepared to give a direct negative to the Hon. Gentleman's resolu tion, although at the same time he was not prepared to afirm it.—The House then divided. For the previous question 6l Again4t Majority in favour of Ministers The other orders of the day were then disposed of, and at half-past Two o'clock this morning the House adjourned. The following names have been sent to us as forming part of the Minority in the division on Mr. Sadler's motion last night :-- Blackney, W. Grattan, H. B ra b a zon, Lord Hill, Lord G. A. Burke, Sir J. Hort, Sir W. Callaghan, D. lio , AArd t. H. Chaytor, W. R. Inglis, Sir R. H. Cradock, S. Killeen, Lord Curteis, FL B. King, Hon. B. Hoyle, Sr J, 3,T, Lambert, H. Forbes, Sir C. Loader, N, P. Gordon, R. M'Namara, W, N. Grattan, James Mullins, F, O'Connell, M. O'Connor Don O'Ferrall, R. M. Ossory, Earl of "'micas°, J. S. Rumbolci, C. E. flutilven, E. S. Trench, Colonel Walker, C. A. Wey land, J. Wyse, T. Mr. CliAnwicK, who intends offering him self as a candidate to represent the West Riding of York shire, so soon as the Reform Bill passes, sums up his pre tensions and qualifications thus :—" I am no man of family ; I am no man of business ; I have never been used to it ; but I can shout, laugh, hawk, and spit, and cough, s,stialaomnutepti,dngfl for an ho o t, an d huaza; and what more can be v r k a e n . , l‘ w h o i n ' 1d? ha l ve do as no m t u d e o h ub eff t ee b t ut in m t y he str ou p s i e ng oi Conamom as most speeches Generally have." SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Lord Chancellor, last night, must have embar rassed exceedingly the Bishop of London. He bepraised the Right Rev. Father in God as never Bishop was before lauded ; but took care to attack every one of his proposi.: tions. To shut up beer-shops on Sundays, Christmas Days, Good Fridays, and other the like days, while the other houses were open, would only send people to the houses able to gratify their customers with any beverage they chose, beer or ale, or wine, or ardent spirits. Skittles could be played at the gin shop if prohibited at the beer shop. The Legislature (said his Lordship) ought to be most cautious before they prescribed by legislative enact.. cent, the poor man from playing a game of skittles either at the old alehouse, or new beer shop. The irony in his Lordship's speech, directed against the Bishop, is so suc cessfully concealed, that if the object of the speech were not to cut down all the fond fancies of the Right Rev. Father in God, it might really be supposed that he viewed' him as a second St. Bernard. It is a happy instance ot' what is called looking grave on one side of the face, with the tongue thrust into the cheek on the other.—Morning Chronicle. The Marquis of Londonderry availed himself of a mo. tion respecting the Belgian fortresses to be demolished, ts, put questions respecting the statement which has bees' made, that a portion of the French troops have been re quested by King Leopold to remain in the country. Ear I Grey said he relied on the honour of the French Govern.. ment, and more than that he could not say. Intelligenci had reached his Majesty's Ministers, that orders for the withdrawal of the French troops had been issued. " Whether the French were justified by their engage.. ments in keeping any portion of their troops in the country after the Dutch had retired, or whether the Ministry of this country had done their duty by requiring proper engagements from the French on this head, or in insist ing on the performance of those engagements when en tered into, would be subjects hereafter to be considered." The Duke of Wellington, in a very sensible speech, reprimanded the Marquis of Londonderry for his manner of speaking of Leopold. "He was King of Belgium, and ought to be called so in the House, because lie had been recognised as such by this country." He disapproved of any portion of the French troops remaining in Belgium. King Leopold, he said was secure against the Dutch, and could only want foreign troops to protect him against re action on the part of his own subjects, or against a revolt of his own troops. But the employment of foreign troops in such cases was interference which was altogether wrong. His Grace condemned the occupation of Naples by the Austrians, and of Spain by the French troops. In this respect he is more liberal in his politics than Sir Robert Peel, who declared in the House of Commons that the Austrians were justified in invading Naples. But he has Probably changed his mind on this subject since.—. Mor ning Chronicle. PRICES OF THE STOCKS Rank Stock 3 per Cent. Red. ... ...... 824 xti 3 per Cent. Cons. 8214 1 3 / 4 , 34 per Cent. 90 % 1 1'4% Ditto Red 904 90 % New 3%per Cent. 89 3 /i% 3 per Cent Ann. 1726 - 4 per Cent. 15326 lOO I ,i Bank Long Ann. to expire Jan. 5, 186 0 17% Oct. 10, 1859 Jan. 5, 1860 16 13-16 Jan. 5, 1880 Aprils, 1880 Jan. 5, 1870 DAY AT ONI O'CLOCK. New 5 per Cent. India Stock Ditto Bonds' f 3 1 2 pm. South Sea Stock Old Annuities New Ditto 2 per Cent. Ann. 1751 .... --- Ex. Bills, Xl,OOO ln 1.2 Ditto 500.-- 10 13 pm. Ditto Small Ditto Commercial prix. I)itto Advertised ... 10 11 pm. Bank for Account India for Account Cons. for Aug. 26 Ell 1;k 4.2 FRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAT AT ONE O'CLOC'E. Austrian Bonds ...... ......... Neapolitan Brazilian Bonds 47!4 ,Peruvian Bonds Buenos Ayres Bonds — Portuguese Bonds Chilian Bonds .... ........... ... —. Prussian, Old ':olombian Bonds Ditto, 18% Janie Greek Bonds IS23 L2sa % Ditto, 18'25 Guatimala — Exchange 2.51. .c. ',lexicon Bonds —— 3 per cent. —f. -c. ifitto, 1825 .3614 7. Exchange —f. NEXT SUNDAY. THE AGE" SPLENDID CORONA TION PRINT, combining the Two Grext Events of the present Reign ; representing the ENTHROt. NIZ ATION in WESTMINSTER ABBEY of thelr Most Gracious Majesties KING WILLIAM the FOURT H and QUEEN ADELADE ; and the OPENING of LONDON BRIDGE. Dedicated, by permission, to the Royal Family. This National Print, now in preparation, is engrav4 vl on Steel, from a beautiful Drawing, painted expressly fi the Proprietor of The Age Newspaper, by that admire d Artist, David Roberts, Esq. It is the size of the New *- paper, and will he presented Gratis to the Subscribers of The Age, as a tribute of loyal affection to the Sovereig rt and his Consort, and of respect to the Readers of that Journal. To prevent disappointment, Duplicate Plates have been prepared at an expense of Five Hundred Guineas,—the Proprietor of The Age being determined to eclipse all his Contemporaries in the presentation of A SPLENDID WORK OF ART. ----- The Drawing of the Ceremonial of the Crowning in the Abbey has been made from the best authorities, and i n strict accordance with the arrangements made by Mr. Smirke for the CORONATION of the KING and QUEEN. Country Newsmen, Booksellers, and Subscribers, are re quested to send their Orders before the 29th of August, as the Plates will be delivered on Sunday next, September •4, according to priority. On the Ist of September, in small Bvo. neatly bound, with Illustrations from Drawings by M'Clise, engraved by Rolls, price only 65., STANDARD NOVELS, No. VII. Containing Miss JANE PORTER'S celebrated Romance, THE SCOTTISH CHIEFS. No. I. Contains The PILOT, by COOPER. No. 11. CALEB WILLIAMS, by GODWIN. No. 111. The SPY, by COOPER. No. IV. THADDEUS of WARSAW, by Miss J. PORTER. No. V. ST. LEON, by GODWIN. No. VI. The LAST of the MOHICANS, by COOPER. N.B. Each Number, price only Six Shillings, complete in itself, and containing the whole of the three (or four) vo lumes of the original edition of the above admired fictions, may be had separately. Henry Colburn and Riehard Bentley, New Burlington street. The French Papers contain the important declaration of M. PERIER on the subject of the hereditary Peerage, which, as will be seen by his announcement in the Chamber of Deputies, he proposes to abolish, though the nomination of Peers for life is to belong wholly to the KING, and the number is to be unlimited. M. PERIER confessed himself averse to the abolition of the hereditary tenure of the Peerage, but bowed to public opinion on the subject. Private letters from Lisbon, by the mail this morning,,bring accounts that the French Ad miral has sent from the Tagus the Portuguese ships of war, of various sizes, to the number of eight. This took place on the 13th of August, and on the following day the whole of the French squadron were to depart, with the exception of a large frigate and a corvette, for Brest and Tou lon. It was feared, on the departure of the French, that Don MIGUEL would renew his imprisonments and cruelties. The Paris express mentions the important fact that the cholera has at length broken out in Vienna, and that thousands are leaving the city. Though we are grieved at the idea that the in nocent should suffer for the guilty, yet we cannot but look on this frightful visitation as a just retri bution for the conduct of Austria towards Poland. The same authority states, that rumours were abroad that new disturbances had broken out at Romagna, which would be the pretext for the reentry of the Austrians into the Roman States. The Berlin and Hamburg Papers give most dispiriting accounts of an insurrection that has lately broken out among the populace, at the instigation of the Patriotic Club at Warsaw, and which is said to have had the effect of acce lerating the march of the Russian banditti upon Warsaw. As this intelligence springs from an apocryphal source, we shall wait for more au thentic particulars. The news of an engagement between the two armies may be expected every hour. There have been few Cabinets in France more inclined, from supposed motives of interest, to cultivate a good understanding with Great Britain than that of M. CASINIIR PERIER, and we are willing to allow to that Cabinet the credit, if such it be, of seeking to identify its policy with that of England throughout the whole of the transactions connected with the establishment of LEOPOLD on the Belgic throne, a nd the protection of Belgium against the Dutch invasion. How durable such good understand ing may be depends, in a great measure, upon the stability of the PERIER Cabinet, which is, therefore, a point of considerable interest to this country. The leading principles of the PERIER Ad ministration, are—at home, the conservation of things as they are, or rather as they were before the revolution of last year, with little modifi cation beyond what may be necessary to maintain the sovereignty of the Citizen King,— a nd abroad, the preservation of peace at almost any price at which it can be purchased. The Ministers are men of much political experience, abound in liberal professio ns, and, in so f ar as they are desirous of guarding their country against a repetition of political convulsions, are deserving of support by good citizens. We are not called upon to decide whether they, upon the whole, merit what share of confidence they possess ; but we cannot avoid entertaining the strongest doubt of the permanence of a power in France, which is unsupported by the full force of the national opinion. The speeches of the Ministers on the address shew clearly that they are either ignorant of, or wilfully blind to, the objects for which the people effected the Revolution of last summer. Those objects may be expressed to be the recovery of liberty and equality, as established by the constituent assembly in 1791. The people were determined to have a struggle for the power of governing themselves, and for the putting an end to a system under which not the three hundred and eightieth part of the popula tion enjoyed the elective franchise—under which existed a Peerage whose degrading subserviency placed it in opposition to the public interest— under which the Mayors and ministers of justice were universally the creatures of the Govern ment instead of the nominees of the people— under which the liberty of public instruction and the freedom of exercising trades were alike cir cumscribed—under which an oppressive inter. ference of the Clergy in temporal matters was not duly ccntrolled—under which, in short, the people daily saw their interest sacrificed for the benefit of the order of placemen with which the Government was surrounded. It can hardly be possible that the details of the popular grievances under CHARLES X. can be unknown to those who were the popular cham pions ; and yet it is only a few days since M. CASIMIR PERIER emphatically declared, that the Revolution of July was made solely to pre serve the integrity of the Charter. The integ rity of the Charter, indeed ! of that Charter of which, to go no further, a hereditary Peerage forms one of the most essential ingredients ! No, M. PERIER. You will find, sooner or later, that the tri-coloured flag is the ensign of liberty and equality, of the principles of the constituent Assembly, and not of the Charter. The commercial classes in France are almost in despair, because they see that the opposition to the Ministry is too strong to admit a hope of its stability, however desirable its continuance in office may appear. The Carlists and Bona partists make common cause with the Liberals, who desire extensive changes in the system of Government, and who labour for the social ame lioration of the lower orders. The Press is so far from supporting the Ministers, that out of sixteen daily papers published in Paris, exclusive of the Moniteur, twelve are in opposition of greater or less violence. Even the place-hunters do not scruple to intimate their distrust of the permanence of the order of things which they are worshipping. Why, then should we, in this country, be so puerile, or so hypocritical, as to dissemble the opinion we entertain, that the " juste milieu" stands on the foundation of the most precarious durability ? But, it will be said, the good sense and pro perty of the French nation will, as it ought, be on the side of a Ministry whose first care is the preservation of peace. The war-party is, how ever, very strong, comprising all the young men, and, we suspect, the young women too, besides all those who are in want of employment, and see no other means of getting it. We have no sympathy with those vvho desire war for its own sake, and should stigmatize as wickedly profli.- gate any Government that should suffer itself to be led into hostilities, from any such considera tion as the popularity of war. Nevertheless, we cannot help saying that the frequent declamations about the value of peace, which we hear from M. PERIER, and some of his colleagues, do appear to us extremely common-place and unmeaning. An opinion has gradually and steadily gained the belief of discerning persons all over the Conti. nent, that the war of principles, which is now going on in different countries, as it were in the guerilla manner, will, before very long, become so general as to divide Europe in a regular con test between despotism and liberty. It is not an uncommon impression, that the British and French Governments are the dupes of the Nor thern Powers, and, however this may be, it is certain that plans have been formed destructive of the very name of freedom in the West of Europe. Under such circumstances, and with the prospect of an irruption of barbarians into their country before their eyes, it may well be doubted, whether " Peace at all prices" be the fittest phrase that could proceed from the mouth of a French Minister. Much more may it excite wonder, that hopes should have been held out to the Revolutionists of Italy and Spain, the non-fulfilment of which has taught those brave men how to value the honour and good faith of twice revolutionized France. But, to say nothing of broken promises, it seems to us that the phrase, " Preservation of Peace," can hardly be applicable to the present state of Europe. Is there peace in unhappy Poland ? Is there peace in Belgium, in Italy, in Portugal, and we will even add in France herself? Are men's minds at peace in any one nation of the continent ? Are not the elements of war in the breast of every man in Europe to whom liberty is dear ? Do not the despots stand with their swords drawn—nay, are not those swords already died deep in blood ? It is ludicrous to talk of preserving what does not exist ; and al though the recovery of the peace of Europe be so great an object, as to be the $11177111911 60111011 of the exertions of all good men, it seems ne vertheless an absurdity to suppose that it is to be attained by the French Government putting it self in the position of sleep, and crying out peace, whilst its foreign enemies are preparing for war. M. PERIER injures his own influence in thus weakening that of his country, and whilst he cannot secure the confidence of those classes to whom peace is peculiarly desirable, draws upon himself the odium of that more en lightened class by whom public opinion is chiefly directed. We are far from wishing to see certain Mem hers of the extreme gauche in power in France, nor are we insensible to the personal worth of M. PERIER and some of his colleagues. We do not pretend to divine what sort of Govern ment would follow their fall, but we n ever ca n believe that a Ministry which is a contradiction to the decided tendency of events in France, can possibly lead for any length of time that count 6 always so difficult to govern, and never, perlor so much so as at the present moment. discussion of the question of the Peerage /ll ' soon afford us an opportunity of recurring ° this subject ; in the meantime, we had al ai ° forgotten to remark that M. PERIER was al ' feated on an amendment to the address relato4 to public instruction, and that he has since bed beaten again on a point relating to the elect° qualification. • , *nu, etif LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 30, 1831. An animated discussion took place last night in the House of Lords on the subject of the occupation of Belgium by the French troops, when Earl GREY, in reply to some observations by Lord LONDONDERRY, said it was not for him to say when the French would retire, but that he relied on the honour of their Government for the due performance of their undertakings. A debate took place after wards on the Beer Bill, in consequence of Lord MELBOURNE'S announcement that he had abandoned the clause, determining the hours at which the beer-shops should be closed in the towns and in the country. The LORD CHANCELLLOR, in a speech replete with spirit and argument, advocated the necessity of putting down the use of ardent spirits and en couraging that of beer. In the Lower House, Mr. SADLER brought forward his long-promised motion respecting the introduction of poor laws into Ireland, which the Hon. Gentleman advo cated in a speech displaying no little research and ability. After a somewhat protracted discussion, the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved the previous question, which was carried by a majority of twelve. The Nurenzburg Correspondent mentions that the insurrection of the peasants in some of the north-eastern counties of Hungary in creases in rather an alarming manner. It origi nated in a notion that the physicians and great land-owners were leagued together to poison the poorer classes by express orders of Govern- ~~ ment. The effects of cholera the peasantry seemed to have attributed to poison. (OFFICIAL.) " RIO DE JANEIRO, JUNE 22. " BRAZILIANS, —Fulfilling the duty which the Consti tution of the State imposes on it, your General Legislative Assembly proceeded to the election of a permanent Re gency, which is to govern the empire during the minority of Don Pedro 11. " The formalities prescribed in the law on this subject having been observed, the absolute majority of votes was obtained by citizens Francisco de Leira e Silva, Jose da Costa Cavalho, and Joao Breulio Muriee. " Signed by the President and four Secretaries. "Palace of the Senate, June 18, 1881." The Diario do Gorerno to July 9, inclusive, is filled with some hundred local ordinances, decrees, &c. LISBON, Auc. 10.—The most excellent Senate of Lisbon has just given another proof of its zeal and unal terable fidelity, by offering, with all its officers, to the King, our Sovereign, for the expenses of the State, five per cent. of the total of its revenues for two years. The payment of the first year being divided into equal portions for the first two quarters, and that of the second in the four following quarters. The Senate is not only per suaded that all true Portuguese will follow the same course, but knows by experience that these are the noble senti ments of the people of Lisbon, whom it has the honour to represent. His Majesty has been pleased to accept this offer, and to express to the Senate his satisfaction with this proof of attachment. FROM THE DANUBE, AUGUST 15.—The insurrection of the peasants in some of the North-eastern counties of Hungary increases in rather an alarming manner, so that the Magistrates have applied for a military force, and two batteries of artillery were accordingly sent thither from Pesth on the 12th. At first the insurrection was directed only against the measures adopted for checking the cholera, because they were in many places very oppressive, and some of the authorities and officers behaved in an arbi trary manner, which could not possibly be the intention of the wise measures of the Government. These peasants now exercise a cruel vengeance on all landowners, officers, and physicians, and we hear many horrid particulars of this kind. The insane notion that the physicians sought to poison the poor people, by order of the Government, is generally spread, and woe be to the physician or nobleman who falls into the hands of the infuriated peasantry. There is, however, no doubt that the military will soon put an end to these troubles. PEsTri, AUGUST 12.—The cholera continues its ravages at Pesth and Ofen and the environs, and is rather milder on those days only when the sky is clear. This week the number of deaths is between 60 and '7O, besides the mili tary, and no marked decrease is perceived. The evil, however, spreads in Hungary, and is said to be extending in the town and country of Oedenburg. Accounts from Trannsylvania say that that elevated country has hitherto remained free from the disorder. Orders have been given not to hold the August fair at Pesth, which will necessarily prove disadvantageous to our commerce. The conviction gains ground here that the cholera is not contagious, but such measures as are now taken at Vienna were undoubt edly salutary, and if the same course had been followed here the mortality would have been less by at least two thirds. It is now known that the cure is very easy, but at the beginning we all were nearly destitute of aid, and most of those who died were lost for want of medical advice. We are now better off, and the number of new cases is thrice as great as last week, the deaths are hardly as numerous. It is most strange that ahnoat simultaneously in Russia, Prussia, and Hungary, the foolish report is generally spread and believed, that there is a plot to poison the people by the physicians. In Pesth and Ofen the people are pretty well cured of this notion ; but it is very prevalent in the country, and proves dangerous. It is re ported that the country of Sumeg has required of the country of Pesth, to be officially informed how it happened that the blood of citizens had been shed on the 17th July, when there was a tumult there. COURT CIRCULAR. The Duke of CumumitLa lin honoured the Marqu" EIERTFORD with his company at dinner on Sunday el ing, at his villa in the Regent's-park. There was a° party to meet his Royal Highness. The Duchess of CUMBERLAND visited the Pri ° ll SorsrlA yesterday, at her residence in the King's Palace' Kensington. A conference of the Foreign Ambassadors and Ministers was held yesterday at the Foreign-office. There R o l present Prince LIEVEN, the Russian Ambassador , Count MATouscewnz, the Russian Minister Extrt dinary, Prince ESTERIIAZY, the Austrian Ambossud"' and the Baron nx WESSENBURG, the Austrian Alit Extraordinary, Baron Bur Low, the Prussian Mint Baron ZUYLEN DE NYEVELT, the Netherlands Alin i i ; on a special mission, and Viscount PALMERSTON. conference lasted an hour and a half. •i Mons. VAN DE WxYffs., the Belgian Minister, Este ViSCOURt PALMERSTON yesterday, at the office of the cretary of State for Foreign Affairs. A deputation of the hackney-coach proprietors Wil t "; on Viscount ALTHORP, yesterday, at the Treasury, and Wilt an interview with his Lordship. Despatches from Sir FREDERICK ADAM, the ...or“ ' Commissioner of the lonian _Wands, and from the ID: General PONSONBY, the Lieutenant-Governor of 3 1 ° 11 ' were received yesterday at the Colonial-office. A deputation of gentlemen from Manchester, headed Lord STANLEY and Mr. J. Wow), M.P., had a conferee' with Viscount ALTHORP yesterday, at the Treasury. Viscount ALTHORP entertained a party of Member' the House of Commons, at dinner, on Saturday e Yeninl at his residence, in Downing-street. Among the colt° were—Viscount EERINGTON, Sir G. ROBINSON, Me', F. BARING, N. PONSONBY, POYNTZ, MACAO .° HAWKINS, and STANLEY. LAW INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY.) COURT OF CHANCERY. WELLESLEY v. BEAUFORT. . 4 , Mr. Wellesley attended personally this morning in Co llthsl pursuance of a letter he had written to his Lordship, to aa_told his Lordship would be pleased to make an order that he be at liberty to see his daughter. The LORD CHANCELLOR said he had understood thl-oeti daughter was at Wanstead-park, that Mr. Wellesley had n°` 0 0 her since her return, that he h a d a cted very properly sine,' „ or' ' return of the infant, and that he should certainly make f tO; der. He would see Mr. Courtenav probably in the course morrow, and Mr. Wellesley should be informed of the te ll the r. (1 0 C °. M o r. Wellesley then stated that he had most important c ili• mentary evidence to lay before his Lordship, relative to th i 0 cussion that had taken place in his case while he was cont 0 ;01; the Fleet, and which lie desired to have the opportunity o f in public. The LORD CHANCELLOR observed that as the discd to which Mr. W. referred had hitherto taken place in pr!jef probably Mr. W. would agree in the propriety of the renta l " being private also. at 11 ' Mr. Wellesley had no objection to this course, viz., th at evidence should, in the fir s t i ns t a nce, be submitted to his ship in private, and that should his Lordship be of opinion pr it was valid evidence, a nd s uch as to induce him to tdecide!_ (Mr. W.'s) favour, he would receive the judgment in pride but that should his Lordship think it invalid, and his Lor.v be disposed to decide against him, then he should certaill2;do spectfully insist on the ri g ht of having his evidence sta ted p üblic, and the Court's judgment delivered publicly. The LORD CkIANCELLOIt said he should carefulli,, t over the evidence in private in the first instance. It Wig ill that it might not be calculated to sway his mind in ani f itt' whatever. Should his Lord s hip think it was not evidence ° oll portance, and feel inclined to decide against Mr. W. he s;oll then weigh well whether Mr. W. ought to have the Pk e i 0 delivered in public, and the evidence he alluded to sta ted public or not. LLOYD v. TRIMLESTOWN. t Mr. PEPYS moved for an order to stay the payment ( ? I ' l o l, Court of 24,0001. and a fraction in this cause to Lord riti o ro., town, which the judgment his Lordship had given a few ds ; th entitled the Noble defendant to, until an appeal again st judgment could he heard in the House of Lords. groundll The S th O a L t InC.lpeTOtitltio-Gn of appealENEß:kli.,sodpgiesnedatshyesg the order of the Court. de , The LORD CHANCELLOR said, upon the parties 11 :,tot taking to appeal immediately, he should certainly not allo!"„A appeal to be without something to play upon. He wou ld _ ", however, return the fund in Court, but he would let it upon Lord Trimlestown giving security that he would amount should the judgment of the House of Lott a reversal of his Lordship's judgment. He would not pp parties to the delay and expense of goin g b e f or e the 313. 5 `,0 have a security approved of, but if Lord T r i m l e stown W. 6 11! give him the names of two respectable persons, whose TO, should be satisfactory to Mr. Vizard or to himself (his Lon° that would be sufficient. ;I! The SOLICITOR-GENERAL then tendered the n 3 n ie. Messrs. Wright, the bankers. sft e His LORDSHIP said no more highly respectable or s at ' tory names could possibly be offered.et lodged motion, SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DA' FROM LLOYD'S. DEAL, Arc. W.—WinEl W. S. W.—Arrived the Clere Street, from Van Dieman's Land ; Jane Catharine, Loader' be Jamaica. The Branches, Cornwall, Christopher, Asia, and °` , sailed this morning. t 7. PORTSMOUTH, Arc. 29.—Wind N. W.—Passed b'',o# Bombay, Dace, from Van Dieman's Land. Sailed for the V o his Majesty's ships Talavera and Welle V sley. PLYMOUTH, Arc. .—Wind \.—Arrived the SO X Harit, from Sierra Leone. Fr" ' d ' FALMOUTH, AUG. —Wind W.—Arrived the Gol 14° packet from Buenos Ayres, sailed the 15th June, front 11, Video and Rio Janeiro the 10th ult. ; Magnet, packet frontit bon,'sailed the 14th ; and Balloch Castle, Bremner, fre t MILFORD, Atm. 28.—Arrived the Isabella, Mitchell , ,0 Jamaica • Elizabeth, Wells, from St. Petersburgh ; and A' Shadwell, from Memel. HAlt WICH, AUG. 29.—The Hibernia, Sharp, from Solt land to Portsmouth, has been assisted in here leaky. SCARBOROUGH, AUG. 28.—The Stockton, Hall, Shoreham to Sunderland, has been towed in with loss of f ore 4 both topmasts, &c., by the Westley, Johnstone, of Sunder Extract of a letter from the Agent to Lloyd's, at LisbOnt.:o Aug. 13:—" It is understood that vessels from St. PeterP:pl Reval, and Memel, are to be sent out by order of the J 3o ', Health. The Ex-Portuguese squadron is partly gone to-d 3 P the remainder will leave by next tide." THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.) CITY, TWELVE 0' CLOCA 4 ' Montreal Papers to the sth of August, Quebec to t he ' August, and New South Wales to the 7th of April, hav e received at the North and South American Coffee-house; former Papers do not contain any information worth givi n • (From the Sydney Papers.) the The REVENUE:—In this day's Gazette is published oy stract of the Revenue of the colony. The total amount ordinary Revenue of 1830 exhibits an increase on that 0 amounting f item und to 5 der ,0951. 18s. the he 7N t d. SO ad of Revenue is Duties 01 1 It is satisfactory to percei ve th a t there has been a large in," nearly threefold, on duties paid on spirits distilled in the The Tobacco imported is peculiarly cheering. 4 9 In 1829 the duties on For e i gn T o b a cco were... £7,555 „, 1 In 1630 0 sns ___:...? £5,6 1 46 1 5 0 A Another gladdening fact—the importation of goods of: produce was last year three hundred per cent. less than 1 " fee.. With regard to the expenditure of the year, there will be ,ty a saving, in comparison with the preceding year, of nearly teen thousand pounds : , 4 In 1829, the total amount of expenditure £105, 558 iy In 1830 92 ,x9 14 The French Papers state, that tItZ twenty thousanej which are to return to Belgium, are to foam an entrench before Arras, on the side ofCambray. A Lisbon mail has also arrived—sailed the IX4tll:2'o7:9Atigo24: THE FUNDS. Ari The news from Poland to-day is really heart-rending . . r ev so long and glorious a struggle, it is much feared tbaiti hotel the patriotic city of Warsaw will have experienced t" e fel eve of Ismael. Upon this sad news the Funds are rather 0 Consols, which left off yesterday at 82y4, opened at , . 4 , 82, at which price they are at present, By the Brazil mail of July 10, we have favourable ace°liP- Exchanges having got up to :25, and declined again to 2-1. e HALF-PAST OS ° Report says we are going to garrison Antwerp, 1 14 ' ni or o Consols have remained very steady the whole of the do ol with little doing. They have been fluctuating from 6 . 2 4 boo 81%, and are at present 82. t In the Foreign market Brazil Bonds have improved 3 per cent. n X' THREE O' CL - Consols, 81a 1 4 8 . ,ll At twelve o'clock this day a Cabinet C 0 was held at the Foreign-office in Downing-stree t, ,, was attended by the Marquis of LANSDOWNE, Et ri the Earl of CARLISLE, Viscounts MELBOURNE 0- 51: 0 THORP, the Duke of RICHMOND, Lord Joint BO" the Right Hon. C. GRANT, and Mr. STANLEY. eel' TINE HE CORONATION.-At one o'clock 3 1 ; 0 0 ing of the Lords of his ;Majesty's most honoura ble o ' Council sat in Committee at the Council-Chamber, cop hall, upon matters connected with the approachicg r nation of their MAJESTIES, and for making fortbej, rangements for the distribution of the tickets for tioY sion into the Abbey. There were present his R o Y al ness the Duke of SUSSEX, the Duke of GLoociss, Earl GREY, the Earl of ALBEMARLE, Lord P 111 1 ,, Lord ALTIIORP, Lord AUCKLAND, Lord Nirrs'Ogtor Archbishop Of CANTERBURY, and other Noble "" The proceedings were private. PRINTED AND PUBLI3IIED BY MURDO YOUNG, AT SUN OFFICE, 112, STRAND, LONDON. EI Pers' is_ with ;he S at p, BEET rtsznouth D apnp ng ma ikrLY! o the Su b oard te / r ace, beta e. several 1 • and directed t( there ", " Te c'r before Tugs pited after Tw thr°P°lal be notic( let e t e l ' rice " inserte of Inroamubjoined to Part propert SALTa 1 1t o rt : t r tender ing, :a o atVhSu' A °l.E°N s i AN 'sTsreLili ~A f N t ch. i ,.:C o _h° e _r tb P y O g ß i .,:, THE col c i of s-: p i - P t : ai r a b t e i t : 11 he held at th Y' the sth of /1 5 ()Ti t4 c* OnSider of th . B "ill b e said month A „ Si ileSpectal 13, !r Q oe, a nati led g th e S cot 4 Maltirrr of -r- : - Alll J 316 gland. iiiikPPlications ([ Law' ku d addr litten, b_ew to: l. ' 14 N 7 4