The Sun. — London, England, 1834-09-29 00:00:00

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INBURGH CABINET LIBRARY. LIVES OF EMINENT ZOOLOGISTS. Simphi n and Marshall. London, 1834. 'e life of the great Swedish n at ura li s t ma y, not withstanding the more general title, be considered as th e chief object of this work ; the preceding bio graphers commencing with the Stagyrite, serve only as 4.11 introduction to show the previous state of science— if that can be called science, which was no more than a collection of a few obvious facts, without order or arrangement, and with an abundant admixture of the gtortolseses,tveerrors and absurdities. In the life of Aris see that, whatever else might be the Merits of the Greeks, th e y k new littl e o f na t ura l his ht°rY, and that, with a very i m p er f ec t k now l e d ge o f th e Pf°man structure, they were prOfoundly ignorant of Ysiology, What was t o b e ex p ec t e d f rom th e rest his countrymen, when the acute Stagyrite could su PPose ``, The brain to be a cold spongy mass, adapted for col tended and exhalin g the superfluous moisture, and in heateldedf for aidin g the lungs and trachea in regulating the the o fou th e. b ody. The heart is the seat of the vital fire, ti o - htain of the blood, the organ of motion, seiis ? .- of a.; and nutrition, as well as of the passions, and the origin . , h .` i ne vein s and nerves. The blood - is confined to the veins , mealciestthe arteries. contain an derial . spirit ; and by nerves he kind s tendons , nerves, and arteries—in short, strin & s . of all . she as the name implies . The heart has three cavities ; in ,atiarger animals it communicates with the windpipe, or the c ations of the pulmonary artery receive the breath in the vtile:l:sana;dtic:rry it to the heart. Respiration is performed . by ,expansion of the air in the lungs, by means of the . internal subsequent irruption of the external . air to . pre- Perfortned Digestion is . a kind of concoction or boiling, in the stomach, assisted by the height of the neigh g viscera." th B ad as thi s i s, matters are far from being mended in Lett PageS of Pli ny. Instead of old errors being de ,ed and fresh facts discovered, the lapse of years rod brought with them only new absurdities, and the b road to knowledcre was but rendered more difficult by being blocked up with an endless farrago of lies and coil"ners, Never has the world seen a more assiduous t ect° r of nonsense than the so highly eulogized na sre:%e'eorQdfe(lilie; Comum, who had the good fortune to be Suetonius, and to be the friend of Vespa- 4 1 1 : perverse industry raked out all the - " s ters and marvels from more than two thousand trh ° es, and p il e d t h em upon the re l uctant h ea d o f q 't°, as the Gods heaped up mountains on Enciladus. jealous Moor, with his wares idle," never th e ' e yed ni ore sturdily, or imagined greater miracles an occur in these few lines ( T ° come againe to our lions ; the signe of their . intent fo r thssposition, is their taile ; like as in horses, their ears the th e I !: two marks and tokens, certainly bath nature h given nec liens ,eyt. couragious beasts of all others, to . know g ood U • for when the lion stirreth not his taile, h t e e e ir i . s in a We re 111 .th 3 d, gentle,, mild, pleasantly disposed, and as hee se willing. to be plaied withal' ; but in that fit he is seldome h e e : e for lightly hee is alwaies angrie. At the first, when . tailee.ntreth into his choller, hee beateth the ground with ierk e eken hee groweth into greater heats, hee flppeth and Belle, his sides and flanks withal', as it were to quicken him liethi encl . stirr e up his angry humor., His maine strength . I tts i t 0 1 1 , 1 his breast : bee maketh not a wound (whether it be by th at foll taile, scratch of claw, or print of tooth), but the blond . an ger . follow is blacke. When his belly is once full, all h ! s and tn is Past, and he doth no more harme. His geerositie ra ge o;gtl,allimitie he showeth most in his daungers ; which cou pdreosi3teiss"t;,l: with the not onely herein, that he seemeth to ti nt ` e o `. all shot of darts against him, defending himselfe along the terrible aspect of his countenance, and , oreed I t?! a i gaine ner.e.toit were that he is unwilling to deale unlesse ho be rbe a_e, but here :: his own defence, and at length maketh . head se et 'Ot as eonapelled and driven thereto for any penll that I ' l4 angred at their follie that assaile and set upon f ol l ow , hat b also is seen rather his noble heart and cou „ -e there never so many of hounds and hunters both Ic'her e l f! after him, so long as hee is in the open plaines l eonte,,,,,; ( ' l ,_aY he scene, bee maketh semblance as though . he ---nuetl_ dog and man, dismarching and retiring with " 4 ,114: flpet,aervihiles seeming in his retreat to turne againe , and i a o ' tte l n bllt when be bath gained the thickets and 8 '146 aWa hen once into the forrests out of sight, then he we ll that 3 ;,' - en hee runneth amaine for life, as knowing full l o d gin the tree s and bushes hide him, that his shamefull dis fono,,,g,and flight is not then espied. When he chaseth and p ant, wili.after other beasts, he goeth alwaies saltant f n. Fam but i s 'eh he never useth to doe when he is chased in si g ht, bath a ne lY passant. If lice chaunce to be wounded, .hee finedtia,b:;rveillous eye to marke the partie that did it— . e the hunters never so many in number—upon him onely. As for him that bath let flue a hart at hi m , and yet missed his marke, and done no t " bee haunce - t ? catch . him, hoe all to touzeth, shaketh, Z s teth, and turneth him lying alon g at . his feet, but doth him y h gallne at all besides. When the lionesse fi g hteth for her ti% l n y e ti vclelpes by report, she setteth her eies wistly . and en the pen the ground, because she would not be affrighted at ti ntil f_lght of the chasing-staves . _ of the hunters. Lions are oy s gq at all craftie and fraudulent, neither ,; be th e y suspici k,,.tneY never l oo k as k ew , but alwaies cast their eie directly l ook urd, and t h ey l ove not t h at any man should in that sort s s i t ,,e side -long upon them. It is constantly beleeved, that ath they li e a dying they bite the earth, and in their very trithshed teares. This creature, so noble as he is, and 4 0 4: 4 so cruel' and fell, trembleth and quaketh to heare the ea ni , of Car tWheeleg, or to see them turne about ; nay he (n abid e of all things charriots when they be void and my t h frighted he is with the cocks comb, and his crowing i s /11 ore but most of all with the sight of fire. The lion ali ll tr e t v e er sick but of the eevishnes of his stomacke, loathing . ee rs , i at and then the way to cure him, is to tie unto him la g tn n shee ap es , which with their wanton mocking and mak the ve °Wes at him, may move his patience and drive him for adne sse i ndignitie of th e i r malapert saucinesse, into a fit of at e • ` s se ; and th en , so soone as bee bath tasted their bloud, 'ig s i Per fectly well aga i ne : an d t hi s i s the onely remedie. " was le n aturalist, wh o cou ld enterta i n t h ese not i ons, cyst not likely to reduce the zoological chaos into a k eri ern, even though he might have found some glim p4o n g i s::: such a n attempt in the pages of Aristotle. trad e 4l t his period, till the sixteenth century, the science pro gress, an d cou l d b oast of no names of ri °te, unles s we are to class under that head YElian, PPlan 4, , and Albertus Magnus, which last must have soph,,i4re celebrated for his magic than his philo brazejt: h Like our own Friar Bacon, he constructed a bat b e ad, that was capable of answering questions, l'rok eh Y : a similar degree of ill luck, the oracle was S u ; ' 1). a fit of terror by his pupil, Thomas Aquinas. Aartiall w as the s t a t e o f k now l e d ge , it s d ar k ness G entle r 111 u • , • , illumined, as time went on, by the labours of wl l „ 4l ,. e di, Swammerdam, and a few kindred spi -644 L inn Mus made his appearance in the field, P mi ght b e 8 0 littl e a id f ro m othe rs , th a t hi s fi rs t wor k 411 -5,'. Compared to the sudden and perfect birth of NN e • the h ea d o f J u pit er . Hi s lif e a ff or d s an by et tr hog le on, which cannot be too carefully studied ' t ° l 4 th e w ile , devote themselves to art or science. oi t h i ne when his father wished to make a shoe- Pal ish I ' ll , because he was too stupid for a Ee ated Prie st, up to the hour of his being ° , 4 ll e ti. c ort -li tin t u l l e e d Chair of Medicine, his days were fir st struggle with poverty and neglect. r ua , v P k art of his life is a perfect romance, and as `ll°lth far be greedily read by many who will profit little It i s 4r°l4 its example. N re 4 :"., sing to see how men are inclined to mea- NI. ; e t i by an arbitrary standard of their otl i - .4 th e i r er th e Gods are not his Gods, he cannot be Li n tie red ' ll an idolater. Thus his schoolfellows consi -417e j us , ri us as an idle vagabond ; his father, as we 'aid, thought — at w flak e and niehri him good for nothing but to exio snoes ; and, on leaving the gymnasium arse, o bett er Krok, the rector, could give him at c ertificate than a doubtfully expressed hope t o b. 4 li p ro d e e r climate may perhaps prove favourable rip ' lt trien t f % l s ." Thg same fate of neglect and disap rai;e`.,Befor •e he him at Upsal keafkthat ha d been a year there, his pecuniary resources liOn s , a t was in a manner cast upon the charity of his e ven "g who m lie was glad to accept an occasional Loam hich taey gave hi article of clothing. The old shoes eifiej e bi r j "ini he was often bliged to mend with paste et' " -b ark, befor e he could render them tolerably Y et h (1€ 11°w noble r t e idle s , ac is bearingthe of Linnmus un renjw cumulated difficulties ; he has no I g B , n blvin o . s 0 relaxation of his efforts, no weak °lof hi s th eir i us , own powers nor any doubts 41or ace ", direction o wn , Lie t o i ls the " teres atque rotundus" of 11 n ever fi , With straightforward perseverance, lia gs f or , a single instant, nor deviates a ED step to the right or left from the path he has chosen, though its difficulties, instead of lessening, seemed to encrease the farther he advanced. In this way, he continued to struggle till " A new prospect opened to his ambition. A society had been instituted at Upsal, chiefly for - the purpose of examining. the natural productions of the kingdom. The remote and desert regions of Lapland were less known than any other of the Swedish provinces, although R u db ec k th e e ld er h a d b een sent by Charles XI. to explore them. The curiosities which he brought home had been destroyed by the great fire in 1702 ; and it was now proposed to repair the loss by sending out another scientific traveller. The choice fell on Linnaeus, who was recommended by Celsius and the younger Rudbeck." The details of this solitary tour are amongst the most amusing and romantic parts of his romantic bio graphy. Some idea of it may be gathered from the following extract, which shows that travelling in Lap land may be as wild and adventurous as roaming through the forests of America : " After wandering a long time in a labyrinth of marshes, he was met by a woman, whom he describes as presenting a very extraordinary appearance : " Her stature was very dimi nutive—her face of the darkest brown, from the effect of smoke—her eyes dark and sparkling—her eye-brows black— her pitchy-coloured hair hung loose about her head—and on it she wore a fiat red cap. ' 0 thou poor man,' quoth she, ' what hard destiny can have brought thee hither, to a place never vi sited by any one before ? This is the first time I ever beheld a stranger. Thou miserable creature ! how didst thou come, and whither wilt thou go :' Linnaeus entreated her to point out some way by which he might continue his journey. Nay, man,' said she, thou hast only to go the same way back again —for the river overflows so much, it is not possible for thee to proceed further in this direction. From us thou hast no assis tance to expect in the prosecution of thy journey, as my hus band, who might have helped thee, is ill.' The traveller begged of her something to cat, and after much difficulty pro cured a small cheese. He was obliged to retrace his steps through the marshes ; and, when almost exhausted by hunger and fatigue, at length reached the house of a poor curate, where his wants were supplied;'. As a pendant to this picture we may quote a scene with the priest and schoolmaster of Joekmock, two of the richest specimens of ignorant pretension we ever re collect to have met with ; the unconscious simplicity of their arrogance takes off from its offensiveness, and we could almost forgive them their assumption, if it were only for the perfect honesty of their belief : " The latter began his conversation with remarks on the clouds, showing how they strike the mountains in their passage over the country, carrying off stones, trees, and cattle. I ventured,' says Linnaeus, to suggest that such accidents were rather to be attributed to the force of the wind, for that the clouds could not of themselves lift or carry away any thing.' He laughed at me, saying, surely I had never seen any clouds. I replied, that whenever the weather is foggy I walk in clouds, Ind when the fog is condensed, and no longer supported in the air, it immediately rains. To all such reasoning, being above his comprehension, he only returned a sardonic smile. Still less was he satisfied with my explanation how watery bubbles may be lifted up into the air, as he told me the clouds were solid bodies. On my denying this, he reinforced his assertion with a text of Scripture, silencing me by authority, and then laughing at my ignorance. He next condescended to inform me, that after rain a phlegm is always to be found on the mountains, where the clouds have touched them. Upon my replying that this phlegm is a vegetable, called nostoc, I was, like St. Paul. judged to be mad, and that too much learning had turned my brain." The rebukes of these worthies did no great harm either to mind or body ; these he might be expected to endure without flinching, but there were other dangers to be found in the Norway wilderness, that came in a' more real and tangible shape, and such as might have made a less determined traveller repent of his under taking. On one occasion, when resting on the side of a hill he had just climbed, he was shot at from below, and the ball struck the rock close beside him ; and subsequently he had a no less narrow escape from a burning forest. These, with perils from precipices, floods, and morasses, make up a tolerable share of ad ventures for a few months only, that is from early in May to the commencement of October, during which time he had travelled about three thousand eight hun dred miles, over some of the most rugged parts of Europe. He himself observes— " My journey through Lapland was the most toilsome, and I confess that I was obliged to sustain more hardship and dan ger in wandering through this single tract of our northern world, than in all the travels which I undertook in other parts, though these were certainly not without fatigue. But when my journeys were over, I quickly forgot all the dangers and difficulties, which were compensated by the invaluable fruits obtained in the excursions." His sole reward for all this fatigue and danger was a small bursary, of which he was soon after deprived, and the insubstantial honour of being elected a mem ber of the Royal Academy of Sciences. His reputa tion, it would seem, was now just great enough to pro voke enemies, but not so high and decided as to command patrons. Presuming to lecture on bo- tany, chemistry, and mineralogy, without having first taken a degree, his superior knowledge was not allowed to counterbalance this legal disqualifica tion, for in Sweden, it should seem, as in England, the grounds of science are a close preserve, into which no man may venture without a license. He was ac cordingly denounced by Dr. Nicholas Rosen, the ana- tomical professor, and, notwithstanding the interest made for him by his friends, was prohibited from con tinuing his course, a degree being indisputably a much better qualification for a lecturer than any superiority of genius. Desperate in his circumstances, and stimu lated by ungovernable fury at this attempt to ruin him, he waylaid Rosen with a full determination to run him through, and it was with difficulty that the by standers prevented this consummation, by wresting the weapon from his hand. Morality will call this a crime, but morality is not always in the right, and has, more over, at times a strong disposition to play the hypo crite ; when the law will not protect men, or,—as is too often the case,—when it takes the part of the wealthy and powerful, and bullies justice, we are not entitled to complain if the injured, reverting to the first principles of nature, determine to protect themselves. With Lin nmus, too, though he was highly irritable, there was no malice in his temper. When fortune smiled upon him, he was the first to seek a reconciliation with his ancient rival, and at a subsequent period, upon being appointed to the Chair of Anatomy and Physiology, he exchanged it, with Rosen for that of Materia Medics, Botany, Dietetics, and Natural History. This, however, is somewhat anticipating the order of events. From 1733 to 1738, he travelled through a part of Germany, visited Holland and Eng land, and published many works, that added con siderably to his reputation, though his doctrines even now were far from being universally accepted. To the honour of the Dutch, it must be said that his merits were better appreciated there than in any other country. His native land had, as we have seen, rejected him ; in France he was pronounced to be " a young enthu siast, who confounds all, and whose only merit con sists in having reduced botany to a state of anarchy ;" in .England, the learned Dillenius, whose reception of him had been any thing but cordial, was " afraid his method will not hold ;" but in Holland, it was far otherwise ; Boerhave, Burman, Gronovius, Van Swie ten, and all the principal literati of the country, were his friends, and the Dutch, anxious to avail them selves of his genius, proposed that he should make a botanical voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, with the promise of a professorship on his return. This offer he rejected. As his reputation became more widely diffused, he was seized with a longing desire to try his fortune over again-in his native country. At Hamburg his love of truth involved him in hos tilities, apparently more dangerous than the floods and burning forests of Norway, for the latter he had braved withoat injury, while from the first he was glad to fly: " In the museum of John Von Spreckelsen was a prepara tion of great value, presenting the appearance of a serpent with seven heads. It had even been pledged for a loan of 10,000 merks, and it was in fact considered one of the most remarkable objects in the cabinets of the curious. Linnaeus, however, on minutely inspecting the monster, discovered that the heads consisted of the jaws of a small quadruped covered over with the skin of a serpent. The wonder ceased, Spreckelsen nearly became bankrupt, and the stranger was obliged to leave Hamburg in order to avoid the enmiti es i n whic his sagacity had involved him." On his return to Stockholm he was still neglected THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1834 by the Court as well as by the public, thus realizing the maxim, that a prophet is less esteemed at home than amongst strangers. Chance at last effected for him ih a few weeks, what all his labours and all his talents had failed to bring about in as many years. Though never very eminent' as a physician, he happened to cure two young men of a debility occasioned by continued excess/ and from that moment his star began to predominate on the horizon. His practice grew daily more and more extensive, and amongst patients of a higher class, he was made Lec turer to the School of Mines, Physician to the Admi ralty, and at length could claim his long-affianced bride, the daughter of Morceus, or More, an old prac titioner of Fahlun, reputed one of the richest indivi viduals in the district. There is a pleasing anecdote connected with this lady, and which ought not to be forgotten : " It was customary at this time for Swedish students t o take their degree at some foreign university, where it could be pro cured at the least expense. Hitherto Linnaeus had been un able to qualify himself in this respect for the practice of his profession ; but love now came to the aid of ambition. Miss . Morceus, who was thrifty as well as handsome, had saved about 100 dollars of the pocket-money which she had received at various times, and offered them to her lover." Having thus conducted our hero to that epoch of life, with the commencement of which its interest to others .is generally supposed to cease, we shall imitate , the writers of comedy and drop the curtain ; all that follows must, by comparison, be " weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable." rious disturbed districts within the last two days, to be placed at the disposal of the Magistrates, who otherwise would be unable to enforce the due obedience to the law from the disaffected populace. We understand that application has been made from the resident proprietors of the Arabian coast to his Excellency the Governor to place that district of the colony under martial law ; so outrageously opposed are the labouring po pulation there to all authority, that any milder administra tion of the law is found totally inadequate for the mainte nance of peace and the safety of the public. We have gone into this subject at some length ; its im portanCe, however, is so vast and so general, that no apo logy is necessary from us for so doing ; while we think thus barely laying the actual state of the country before our readers was more usefully performing our duty to them, than if we had pursued the timid policy of hiding the un pleasing truth, and thus lulled them into a delusive feeling of security, while so much cause for just alarm existed. WEST INDIES. INTELLIGENCE FROM DEMERARA. (From the Guiana Chronicle of August 8. ) It suits neither our duty to the public, nor our inclina tion, to act the part of idle alarmists, who, in the accents of fear and trepidation, proclaim aloud the cry of danger where none exists, or warn against impending evil where none is to be reasonably apprehended. Equally foreign to our duty and wishes, however, would it be, where danger actually does exist, or may be justly ap prehended, to shut our eyes, wilfully, to the knowledge of such a fact, merely because it may not be a very pleasing one ; and imitate the stolid example of that bird of the de sert who, when she shrouds her head from and looks not on the impending blow of her foe, madly deems that the rest of her body is secured from its effects. No ! to conquer and overcome a danger or an evil can only be done by boldly or manfully facing it, and opposing to it all the energies of our mind and body. Who that has heard the various accounts and reports which, every hour, come in from every part of the colony, will hesitate for one moment to say that the whole country is not in a state the most alarming and disturbed ? There is a mighty commotion fermenting in the minds of the whole of the labouring population, which threatens every hour a violent outbreaking. Why blink the truth, and . timidly conceal the real state of things—a state of things of which every dweller in the land is perfectly aware ? Why should the press be the last to proclaim these things ? Rather let us at one and the same time duly depict the nature and ex tent of the evil threatened, and suggest the remedy for it ; while we call upon the energies and aid of all colonies to as sist in the hour of storm and peril that lours above. The fact is, that such is the extreme dissatisfaction and factious spirit now prevalent among the negro population, that the match may be said to be now burning on the edge of the mine, and wants but the hand of daring revolution to apply it to the combustible mass that will quickly involve all in strife and bloodshed. It were in vain now to look to, an d w i t h bi tter reproac h es to taunt, the causes of this fearful state of things. It is fu tile to turn our eyes to England, and to tell her legislators that this is their work, this their boasted measure of eman cipation, which it was predicted would be both " safe and satisfactory." To do this now, we repeat, would be useless, because what has been done cannot now be undone ; though the injury may in some measure be repaired, and the steps that have been trod in error and misrule may be retraced in right and justice. - All that now remains for us to consider is, that danger —imminent and overwhelming danger, threatens us—and must be promptly and determinedly met. The safety of this fair and boundless province hangs in a balance, and tumult and faction must not be allowed to kick the beam. In every quarter of the colony insubordination and tumult show their hated presence. On Saturday the gangs of Richmond, La Belle Alliance, Mainstay, and Reliance (four very large estates), refused to do any work. On Monday their tumultuous example was followed by the negroes of Wal- Haipp!onfourt, Windsor Castle, Devonshire Castle, ton-hall, Exmouth, and Perth ; and it is likewise said that slight symptoms of insubordination have shown themselves amongst the gang of Lima. On the east coast, on plantation Coming's Lodge, the negroes have set law and all authority at open defiance. On this property the presence of his Excellency the Go vernor was required to quell the tumult, and when he ap peared amongst them, these misguided people insulted and scoffed at the representative of their King. Several other estates on the coast have likewise shown the same factious spirit. In Canal No. 3, all the gangs may be said to be in a state of mutiny. And here we extremely regret to have to re mark, that so far from this tumultuary disposition receiving the proper check from the executive, the negroes were harangued by the magistrate for the northern side of the canal, in a speech more remarkable for its length than its intelligence, and which inculcated into the minds of his de lighted sable listeners anything but doctrines that would teach them obedience to their masters, and diligence and assiduity in the discharge of the labour, which the law enjoins from them, and which they must nolens volens perform. This most redoutalile harangue took place on plantation Profit ; and as the fruits of it, ever since the negroes on that estate have set at defiance all the authority of the ma nager, and done exactly as they pleased. Nor did the con tagion confine itself to that property alone, for the next morning the whole of the Mocha gang rose en mass e , t h rew down their implements of husbandry, and decl are d t h at they, too, would go to hear this their champion " t a lk ee, talkee," and so accordingly they did ; and the wh o l e neigh bourhood in m was d. d mid-day, ha outraged ilo 0 iubyg shouting, witnessing a large gang of cursing,ne groes, swearing, and talking at the utmost stretch of their discordant voices, and tumultuously careering along to the magistrates re sidence. If we turn our attention to the west coast, likewise, we there find matters in the same state of disorder. The gangs of the Best, Nouvelle Flandres, Schoon Ord, Vree den, Hoop, and Hague, in fact, all along the whole coast, are in the same state of the greatest insubjection. In short, it would be endless to recapitulate the names of all the properties on which these baneful exhibitions of a factious and evil spirit have been manifested. Suffice it to say, that throughout the whole colony of British Guiana not one tithe part of the ordinary labour has been done since the memorable Ist of August. In this state of things, then, it behoves those in authority to be watchful at their posts, and zealously diligent in the discharge of the several duties allotted to them. Prevention is the better part of cure ;—stem then the flow of insurrection while it yet runs over the land in but a comparatively small stream, and wait n o t t ar dily till it swells into a mighty and overwhelming torrent, sweeping all down before it into one vast ruin, and marking its de structive course by havoc and wild ruin. The law is strong and powerful—let, then, her right handbe speedily stretched forth in th e m i g hti n e s s of stern Jus tice, to avenge the out rages th a t are now hourly perpe trated against her dignity. M ag i s t ra t es are e very where established throughout the colony. Let them remember that their commissions were not granted to them merely to single them out from among their fellow-men as objects of distinction, but they wer e b es t owe d upon t h em as thein struments by which they w ere t o a d m i n i ster t h e law, main tain peace, and enforce good order. On them, and on the due, vigilant, and determined discharge of their duty, and exercise of po w e r ves t e d i n th em, d epend the peace o f t h e community, in the first place. Should that peace, how ever, be further invaded, and the misguided population be prompted to still more daring acts of outrage and tumult, let the power for our pr o t ec ti on , w hi ch we have in our mi litary and militia, be called forth and used with resolution and stern determination. Already correction has visited some of the offenders ; let us hope the salutary example will have the due effect, and yet prevent harsher measures. On plantation Hamp ton Court yesterday morning a district court was held, at which Captain Coleman presided as a special justice for the district, when five men and a like number of women were tried, and the men were sentenced to receive 39 lashes each (which was inflicted on the estate in the presence of the whole gang), and to thre e mont h s ' hard labour on t h e treadmill in th colony gaol ; for which purpose they were brought to town from the estate under a military escort, in company with the women, who were likewise adjudged to three months' hard labour on the treadmill. The pre sence of a detachment of the regular troops was deemed neces sary to protect the Court in the discharge of its duties on this occasion. Colonel Goodman, who is a special justice of the peace, proceeded on Wednesday to Leguan, where the same spirit of disaffection prevails as in other portions. At the time we wrote this no account had been received from him of his proceedhigs in that district. Detachments of troops have been despatched to the va- PROCLAMATION ADDRESSED TO THE APPRENTICED LABOURERS 01 BRITISH GUIANA. By his Excellency Major-General Sir James Carmichael Smyth, Bart., Companion of the Most Hon. Military Order of the Bath, Knight Commander of the Royal Order of Hanover, Knight of the Austrian Imperial Or der of Maria Theresa, Knight of the Russian Imperial Order of St. Vladimir, Lieutenant-Governor and Com mander-in-Chief in and over the colony of British Guiana, Vice-Admiral and Ordinary of the same, &c. I was in hopes that I should have been enabled to have congratulated you upon the great change in your situations having been effected without the manifestations, on your parts, of any acts of a riotous or insubordinate tendency. It would have afforded me the utmost pleasure to have been able to have reported to his Majesty (to whose kind and paternal feelings towards you you owe so much) that you had commenced the performance of your diminished duties, under the new law, with cheerfulness and content. I am sorry to say that many of you have much disappointed me. The conduct of such of you as I have to complain of cannot proceed from ignorance. The new law has been explained to you by repeated proclamations. Our respectable and reverend ministers of religion have, moreover, taken pains to instruct you fully upon the subject. I can, therefore, only attribute the conduct of such of you as would oppose the law to obstinacy, folly, and wickedness. Since my arrival amongst you, you cannot but be sensi ble how much your situations have been improved. The first thing I did was to abolish the use of the cart-whip. With the advice and consent of the Court of Policy, the members of which, highly to their credit, unanimously agreed to the measure, the power of ordering punishment was next taken from the master, and placed in the hands of the Justice of the Peace. These measures were surely great benefits, and ought to convince you that I am your friend, and, as such am entitled to your confidence. Listen, then, to what I tell you with attention, and be assured that what I tell you is the truth. You who are working on estates must work for your em ployer 7 hours per day, or 45 hours per week. If you prefer task work, and the manager and you agree about the quantity of task work, he and you are at liberty to make an agreement to that effect, which must be seen and approved by a special magistrate. You must labour the number of hours as settled by the law, or perform such a quantum of task work as you agree to undertake. The law is clear and positive, and must be obeyed. I think it necessary further to state to you, that it is as much my duty, on the one side, to watch over the interests of your employers, as it is, on the other, to protect you in the full enjoyment of all those privileges the new law affords you. Be assured that, to the best of my ability, I shall do both. The special justices have been instructed by me to lose no time in assembling district courts, and in bring ing to trial all app ren ti ce d laourers accused of obstinately abstaining from performing their labour of seven and a-half hours per day, as enjoined by law. You must labour well and steadily during 45 hours each week, or at the rate of seven and a-half hours each working day ;or you may make an agreement, as I have already explained, as to task work. If you neglect this my advice and exhortation to you, and allow yourselves to be further misled by wicked and foolish men, you will be visited by very heavy penalties, and bring disgrace and misery upon yourselves and families. Given under my hand, &c., the sth day of Aug., 1834, in the sth year of his Majesty's reign, J. T. C. H - AMAiII;L, Act. Gov. Sec. DEMERARA, AUG. 10. I send this to-day, at a very eventful period, on account of the Emancipation Bill. From the manner in which the slaves conducted themselves on Sunday, it was anticipated that everything would go on tranquilly, but I am sorry to say that the reverse is the case. By a paper which I send, you will see how unruly the negroes are becoming, and from accounts which are hourly received in town they are getting worse. We are all prepared ; all my accoutrements are in good order, my rifle clean, and a good supply of ball-cartridge. If the worst comes to the worst, we must put them down vi et armis. The governor has shown a great want of energy and decision in the matter ; negroes are naturally a most obstinate set, and when once thy get an opinion into their heads, you cannot convince them of their error. Some of the most unruly, on one estate, werelegged in the presence of the whole gang, as it was though it would produce a favourable effect upon them ; but they all fell on their knees and begged the men to bear it patiently, as it could not last long! It is expected that martial law will be the effect of all this ; if so, it will put a stop to all business, and we shall be metamorphosed into soldiers directly ; but it is to be hoped they will see their err or , an d return to t h e i r wor k i n time. Parties of soldiers have been sent to different parts of the coast. SPAIN. ( From the Madrid Gazette.) , " ROYAL DECREE. " It having come to my knowledge that in some of the ports of Europe vessels are being loaded with the view of conveying arms, warlike stores, and ammunition to the faction which disturbs the peace of these kingdoms, and excites the people against their legitimate Sovereign, and one of our first duties being to maintain the public tran quillity and the security of the throne, I have thought pro per, in accordance with the indisputable right conferred on me by the duty of self-preservation, the laws and constantly observed practice of nations, to decree, in the name of my august daughter, as follows, without prejudice to the means adopted for the defence of the ports and coasts, and in ad dition to the regulations contained in my Royal Decree of the 21st of August last Art. 1. The coast of the North of Spain, from the Cape of Finisterre to the Bidassoa, is declared to be in a state of blockade. 4, Art. 2. All vessels acting in contravention of the pre ceding article will be subject to the penalties established by universal maritime custom in such cases. " Art. 3. My first Secretary of State will communicate this Royal Decree to the diplomatic agents and consuls of my august daughter, in order that proper publication being given to it, no one may allege ignorance of the fact. " Art. 4. My Secretary for the Navy Department will see that all proper instructions and orders are given for the due and exact fulfilment of this decree. " El Prado, September 16, 1834. (In rubric with Royal Sign Manual.) " To the President of my Council of Ministers." (From the Abda.) The Finance Committee, appointed by the Chamber of Procuradores, states in its report, that the credit of Spain does not depend on the acknowledgment of the foreign debt (contracted by the King's Government) ; its credit will solely depend on the guarantees of order and stability, which the system of progressive liberty, which must be fol 13wed, will produce. All this may be Very true ; still we shall gain n o thi ng if t h e b ankers of Europe look at the question under another aspect, and on reading the report of the committee, though it should be approved of by the Chamber, come to the conclusion that the throne was in in danger, and public order seriously compromised in Spain. We greatly fear that this would be the result of their re flection, and that they would refuse to lend us a maravedi. The man who does not pay his debts, being able to do so, is reputed a cheat, and will never meet with any one willing to relieve him in distress, let him promise what he will. Is it not evident that her Majesty's Government will ac quire such a character, if it should refuse to recognize the debts contracte d b y the deceased Monarch, without alleg ing the want of means, but simply declaring the nullification of the contract ? And when is it that such a course is pro posed to be taken ? After the Government, with the full knowledge of the faulty origin of the debt, and all the vices which may be alleged against it, has actually ratified and recognized as valid and obligatory the payment of the interests due for the last half year, in spite of its straitened circumstances. The heir who accepts the inheritants, and, being informed of the debts of his predecessor, pays the interest due on them, cannot afterwards allege ignorance of them, or declare their nullification, in order to avoid the payment of the capital in due time, or the interest until the capital is discharged. The Government of Isabella 11. is in this condition. It is the successor of one which the whole of Europe acknowledged, and which Spain obeyed without dispute. The original defects, now alleged against the foreign debt, were notorious. The shameful intrigues which have been disclosed in the course of the debates were known to the Queen Regent's Government when it paid the half year ; though it appointed a special commission to examine the operations respecting the loans of the former Government, and published the decree of appointment officially in the Gazette. What excuse then can it find for itself, if it should say that now it does not acknowledge the obligations recognized before, under the pretext of alleged vices and intrigues ? A highway robber stops a traveller, and forces him to sign an order for money, and the robber endorses it, and gives it another ; and thus it goes into circulation, and passes from one hand to another. The time for pay ment having arrived, the holder applies to the person robbed for the value. Is there any law in the world which would authorize that individual, who, after having recovered his liberty, did not choose to declare that the order was obtained from him by force, to refuse the pay ment of it ? Is there any tribunal which would absolve him from the responsibility ? The position of the Government is identical with that of the man who is robbed ; and accord ing to the plan of the Committee, its arguments must be the same. According to such an hypothesis, what would the Government have to say for not acknowledging the validity of the loans, and for not paying the holders of the bonds ? It would allege the violent origin of the loan, and the criminal use which was made of it. The holders and endorsers would reply, that it was not their business to examine the base motives and unjust causes which induced the Spanish Government to emit the negotiable effects of the loan. Being free from the compulsion, which you now allege, you have not protested against it in time ; not only have you not protested against it, but you have ratified the primitive obligation, by paying the inte rest that was due. Why do you not complete the payment ? You are unjust ; you wish to profit by other people's money ; you outrage public morality. With respect to order and stability, it is probable that the bankers would say, what kind of order can we be sure of? What stability for a Government like that of the Queen's, to which the representatives of the people, by whose intervention it must govern the country, declare only a fe w days after being assemled by the Queen, that the Government of her father, from whose edicts she derives her right to the throne, was since the year 1823 a tyranny enthroned by the aid of foreign forces ; who de signate by the title of interregnum of the constitutional sys tem, all the time which has elapsed from that period ; who reserve the epithet of legitimate de facto and de jure, for the constitutional Government ; who invoke against a solemn treaty, contracted with a friendly Power in the year 1828, a decree of the Cortes, who expired in 1823, and who solely recognize as valid the debts contracted by that Go vernment. It will also be to be feared, that they will con sider as the prevailing opinion that which is maintained by certain periodicals, that the present system is a continua tion of the constitutional system ; and it will not require much argument to prove that they, guided 'by appearances, would think that the Queen's Government was a reac tionary and violent Government, and was about to offer the spectacle of a constitutional Government, that is to say, of a Government regarded with aversion, by the moderate power of the State, and in respect to its dignity considered as im c nominious. We are confid en t th at t h e E state, see i ng the dreadful wound which the approbation of the report of the Committee would give to our credit, will reject it in totality. LISBON. SITTING OF THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES. SEPTEMBER 19. The Minister of Finance said, that as it had not been possible for him to attend the Chamber at the commence ment of this day's session, he now asked leave to read the project of law on the sale of national property, which he yesterday promised to bring forward to-day ; and the Vice- President having granted leave, he read the following PROPOSITION. Art. I.—From the present moment are declared to be on sale all the immovable property, of whatever nature it may be, and the privileges which belonged to the Holy Patriarchal Church of Lisbon, to the Basilica of Santa Maria Major, to the extinct house of the Infantado, to the extinct corporations of Religious Regulars, to the crown lands, and all other pro perty which is now incorporated among that which appertains to the crown, or which may hereafter appertain by virtue of decree or of sentence passed in a court of justice. § Those edifices are excepted from this enactment which the Government shall destine for the public service, or for the preservation of works of antiquity or master-pieces of art, as . likewise those which deserve to be venerated as monuments of great deeds, or national epochs. A report of these shall be published with the necessary anticipation. Art. 2. The sale of this property shall take place either in the Court (Lisbon), through the medium of the Tribunal of the Public Treasury, or in the provinces in which it may be situated, as may best suit the public exchequer. And the same forms and solemnities shall be observed as in the sale of the national property, with the modifications declared in the following articles. Art. 3. The price of the property sold by virtue of the pre sent decree shall be paid in policies or titles of the national debt which receive interest from the junta of public credit, and the bonds of the national and foreign loans contracted by the Government since the year 1823. These titles and bonds shall be received at their nominal value, whatever may be that which they bear in the market. The titles and bonds issued in the name of the usurping Government are not in cluded in this enactment, nor are they recognised. Art. 4. In payment of the said property shall also be received-Ist. The titles which shall have to be given for indemnization of the rents of houses and property se questrated and confiscated, actually received into the Treasury. 2d. The titles of indemnization for losses and damages arising from the extinction of the rights of the fisheries of the kingdom, abolished by the decrees of the 6th of November, 1830. 3d. The titles of indemnization for the loss of the rent of the commanderies of any of the mi litary orders, regulated according to the method established in the decree of the 30th July, 1832, deducting the value of the property which shall continue in the possession of the respec tive commanders (commendores), conformably to the 10th ar ticle of the same decree. 4th. The title of salaries and pay allowances, grants and pensions, due and belonging to indivi duals who have remained faithfully to the Queen and the Con stitutional Charter. sth. The titles of donations granted, or that may be granted, for eminent services rendered to the same cause, confirmed by the Cortes. 6th. The titles of paper money spoken of in the 4th article of the law of the 23d of July of this year, as is therein determined. Art. 5. To facilitate to the industrious classes, and to per sons of small means, the possession of the national property mentioned in the Ist Article, payment for the said property may also be made in ready money, for the fifth part of the price of the property sold • the remaining four-fifths being p a y a bl e in sixteen equal instalments in the space of sixteen years. Art. 6. When the sales are effected in the form of the pre ceeding article, the purchasers shall sign bills or obligations for the amount of the instalments, the value of each of the ob ligations or bills which they shall sign being equal to the amount of the corresponding instalment, with an addition of two per cent. per annum interest; this interest shall be reckoned from the day the sale takes place to that on which the said bills or obligations become due. Art. 7. All the landed property that can be divided without diminishing its value, shall be divided into the greatest num ber of parts possible. Art. 8. Each of the parts into which such landed property shall be divided, agreeably to the foregoing article, shall be put up to sale separately. Art. 9. The Municipal Chamber of each district shall pro ceed to nominate a committee of agriculturists, which shall de signate the national property devisable in its district. Art. 10. This committee alone shall be competent to make the division conformably to the 7th article, keeping principally in view the division of those estates, on which there is water, and where, for this and other causes, a population can be es tablished. Art. 11. All persons, whether natives or foreigners, who shall desire to acquire property by virtue of the present decree, shall present a requisition to the Prefecture of the respective province for the valuation of the property designated. This operation shall be carried into effect immediately after the pre sentation of such requisition. Art. 12. The valuation of the property being concluded, the applicant shall be at liberty, either by himself or by his attorney, to present himself to the respective station, furnished with the competent deed, and to require its being put up for sale by auction, assigning a term to take the same at the price of the valuation, in case no higher bidder should offer. Art. 13. The conditions expressed in the preceding article being complied with, the Tribunal of the Public Treasury shall cause to be announced in the customary form, the day and place fixed for the sale of the property designated by the applicant. These auctions shall commence on the Ist day of October of the present year, in order that the several modes of payment specified in the fourth article, may be duly ad justed, so as neither to defraud the parties interested, nor dimi nish the number of bidders, to the prejudice of the public finances. Art. 14. It remains at the will of the purchaser to select whichever he may please of the forms of payment declared in articles 3,4, and 5 of the present decree. This selection shall be expressed at the time of the sale ; and it shall not be afterwards permitted either to alter or to modify it. The price of the property sold shall not depend on the mode of payment —all being reputed equal. Art. 15. The sales that shall be made by virtue of the enactments of this decree, shall be free from (the duty de nominated) siza, and the property thus sold shall pass to the purchasers exonerated from all and every burden anterior to the act of sale, except that of obligations arising from emplqteittic contracts. The Government shall pay, through the Tribunal of the Public Treasury, all the debts legiti mately due on the property of the regular orders incorpo rated in that of the nation upon presentation of the legal titles of these obligations, and compliance with the other necessary formalities. Art. 16. When payment of the property mentioned in the antecedent article is agreed to be made in the form of the sth article, the property so sold shall be specially mortgaged to the National Exchequer until the entire fulfilment of the con tract. It shall be thus declared at the time of the auction, and in the title that shall be given to the purchaser to enter upon the possession of his property. Art. 17. The decrees of the 6th November, 1830, 28th November, 1831, and 30th July, 1832, are rescinded, so far as they are in opposition to the present decree • as well as every other legislative enactment or provision to the contrary. JOSE DA SILVA CARVALHO, Minister and Secretary of State of the Affairs of Finance, and Deputy to the extraordinary Cortes of 1834. Lisbon, 17th September, 1834. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET FIRST OCTOBER MEETING. MONDAY, SEPT. 29. Newmarket, Sunday Afternoon. The principal Stakes to be decided in this Meeting are the Grand Duke Michael, St. Leger, and Hopeful. For the first named Sir M. Wood's Flatterer is the favourite ; his preten sions rest on having run a respectable second to Glencoe for the 2,000 guineas Stake, and being in the present instance op posed to bad horses (he also ran for the Derby, but was amiss, and was beaten off a long way) ; next to him is Lord Orford's Paris, whose puhlic running is not of a very promising charac ter. Besides these two, Lord Lichfield's Altamont, the Duke of Grafton's Olympic, General Grosvenor's Dick, Lord Ches terfield's Alexis, and the Duke of Portland's Agatha colt, are spoken off as likely to run ; Bentley is doubtful, and Victor has paid. For the St. Leger Sir M. Wood's Charivari is the fa vourite, his races here in the spring and for the Drawing Room Stakes having shown that he can stay a distance ; Shilelah has sweated, but it is not known whether he will start. Plenipo will not run ; he is gone to Horseheath, and put out of training till next year ; much difference of opinion prevails as to his de feat at Doncaster, the public attributing it to foul play, and the Newmarket people to his having been short of work ; Mr. Batson, we believe, is under an impression that his horse was drugged. The Hopeful Stakes has a good entry ; it includes Kate Kearney (who carries 61b. extra for running the July Stakes); Eva (51b. extra for running the Lavant Stakes at Goodwood) ; Waresti, winner of the Two Year Old Stakes at Goodwood; Madame d'Jeck, who ran a close second to Eva in the July Meeting; and fifteen others. There are no other Stakes of importance to betting men. Very few arrivals having taken place as yet, the majority of our regular visitors having proceeded from Doncaster to Hea ton Park Races, which did not finish till Tuesday. The course is in excellent condition, and the weather fine ; appearances, however, indicate rain. APPOINTMENTS FOR TO—MORROW. The Trial Stakes did not fill. Grand Duke Michael Stakes of 50 sovs. each, p.p. ; for three yrs. old colts, Bst. 71b. , and fillies, Bst. 31b. A. F. 27 subs. Mr. Ridsdale's b. f. Celeste Lord Lichfield's b. c. Altamont Mr. Sowerby's gr. c. Malcolm Mr. Osbaldeston's b. f. by Cricketer, dam by Partisan. Duke of Grafton's ch. c. Olympic Duke of Grafton's ch. f. by Sultan—Prudence Mr. Greville's b. c. Zethus Sir M. Wood's ch. c. Flatterer (Clare c.) General Grosvenor's Dick Mr. Dilly's Viator Mr. Dilly's Myrina Lord Exeter's ch. c. Lumber Lord Exeter's c. by Redgauntlet--.-Ada Lord Chesterfield's Alexis Lord Chesterfield's Neddum Lord Chesterfield's Constance Lord Verulam's f. by Mameluke—his Brocard Duke of Portland's c. by Catton—Tragedy Duke of Portland's c. by Tramp—Manto Duke of Portland's c. by Tiresias--Agatha Mr. Yates's ch. c. Bentley Mr. Mills's b. c. Old Bill Mr. Hunter's gr. c. Morotto Lord Oxford's b. c. Paris The Holt Stakes of 30 sovs. each, 20 ft., for two-years-old. New T. Y. C. Mr. Nevill's b. f. Amadilla General Grosvenor's f. by Phantom—Maresfield's dam Duke of Grafton's Florin Lord Orford's f. by Whisker—Elizabeth Lord Jersey's f. by Partisan—Henrica Lord Chesterfield's f. by Emilius—Surprise Mr. Mills's Miss Patch ( Sister to Kate) Duke of Rutland's bl. f. Flame, by Lamplighter Lord Berners' b. f. by Lamplighter—Sister to Bull-dog Mr. S. Chifney's br. f. by Whisker — Dromedary's dam Lord Exeter's f. (dead) by Lamplighter Sweepstakes of 25 sovs. each. T. Y. C. 3 subs. Colonel Peel's Lochinvar, Bst. 121 b. Mr. Greville's Gondolier, Set. 71b. Mr. Crosby's Non Compos, Bst. (not here). Newmarket, Sunday Night. The Grand Duke Michael Stakes (to-morrow). The following are expected to run, all the others having paid forfeit : Lord Lichfield's Altamout, Sir M. Wood's Flatterer, General Grosvenor's Dick ; Duke of Grafton's Olympic, Lord Orford's Paris, and Mr. Yates's Bentley. Flatterer is the favourite, but no odds quoted. ; offers to take 4 to 1 about Bentley, not p.p. ARRIVALS.—Duke of Rutland, Earl and Countess of Chester field, Earl Jersey, Lord Robert Manners, Captain Byng, Mr. S. Stanley, Mr. C. Greville, Mr. C. Wilson, Mr. Worrall, Mr. J. Mills, &c. HEATON PARK RACES, SEPT. 26. The St. Leger Stakes of 20 sovs. each, 10 ft., and five only, &e., with 10 added by th e Cl u b, f or t h ree yars. old. Mile and a half Handicap. 5 subs. Mr. Johnson's Smedley Lely, 3 yrs 1 Lord Wilton's b. f. by Fi garo —J enny Sutton Count Matuszevic na. br. c. by Camel Won by a length and a half. Match, 100 sovs., h. ft. One mile.—Mr. Osbaldeston's Swing (owner), beat Mr. Thompson's D uvernay. W on easy. Match, 50 cove., lOst. each. Two miles and three quarters.— Mr. Batty's Tallyho (Mr. Sirdefield), beat Mr. W. H. Hornby's b. h. by Antonio. Won by three lengths. A Gold Cup, value 200 sovs., given by the town of Manchester, with 20 sows. for the second horse out of the stakes, added to a Handicap Sweepstakes of 20 sovs. each, h. ft. St. Leger Course. For four jrrs. old and upwards. 25 subs. Lord Uxbridge na. Giovanni, 6 y rs , li s t. 61b 1 Mr. W. C. Uxbridge na. b. h. David, 5 yrs, 1 Ist. 61b. 2 Lord Wilton's b. h. Chancellor, 6 yrs, 12st. 101 b 3 Mr. J. Barge, jun., na. Catherine, 4 yrs, l ist. 41b 0 Mr. White na. Pestilence, 5 vrs, lOst. 131 b Count Matuszevic na Languish, 4 yrs, 10st. slb Mr. Osbaldeston's Swing, 5 yrs, lOst 0 Mr. Houldsworth's Titus, 4 yrs, 9st. 101 b 0 Won by a head. The Claret Stakes of 15 sovs. each, 5 ft. One mile. (Handicap). Three Subscribers or no race. 5 subs. Mr. Hobson's David, 5 yrs, 11st. 91b Lord Chesterfield na. Brown Stout, 6 yrs, 10st. 71b 2 Mr. Townley's Westport, 5 yrs, list. 71b Won by three lengths. A Free Handicap of 5 sovs. each, for the beaten horses, with 25 added by the Club. One mile. 16 subs. Loo Choo, 9st. 31b David, 12st. 121 b Lottery colt, 9st. 61b Won by a head. LINCOLN RACES, Sera. 26. A Gold Cup, or Piece of Plate, by subscribers of 10%0Vs. each, the surplus in specie, f or horses of all ages. 13 subs. Mr. Hickman na. The Mystery Mr. Walker's Consol 2 Mr. Golden na. Louden 3 Pz. Willis's br. g. by Young Filho 4 Match, 50 gs. each, h. ft. Two miles.—Mr. Taylor's ch. g. by Johnny Raw, beat Mr. Parkinson's b. g. by Henderskelf. The Noblemen and Gentlemen's Subscription Purse of 70 gs., for horses, &c., for all ages. Heats, two miles. Mr. Gascoigne's Zohrab.... Mr. Watmough's The Page 1 1 2 2 BRECON RACES, SEPT. 25. The Member's Plate of 50 sovs. Heats, one mile and three quarters. Mr. Gough's Lely Mr. Powell's Termagant Mr. Tyler's br. f. by Lusborough 3 dr The County Stakes of 5 sovs. each, with 20 added, heats, one mile and a half (4 subs.), was wen by Mr. Maybury's Spree, beat ing two others. Handicap Stakes of 3 sovs, with 20 added. Heats, two miles. Mr. Morris's Polly Hopkins 4 1 1 Mr. Tylur's br. f. by Lusborough 1 3 2 Mr. St. George's Charley 3 2 3 Captain Pole's Curtsey 2 4 dr The Hurdle Race, 11 sovs each. One mile and a quarter. Mr. Maybery's Pembroke Air. Peyton's Frolic... Mr. Weyman's Tally-ho WALSALL RAGES, SEPT. 24. The Gold Cup in specie, by subscription of 10 sovs. each. Three miles and a distance. 5 subs. Mr. Beardsworth's Independence walked over. A Sweepstakes of 10 sovs, each, with 20 added, for horses not tho rough bred. Heats, two miles. Mr. T. F. Sharrat's Buffalo Captain Lamb's Vivian Mr. Ongley's Donnington A Sweepstakes of 5 son. each, with 25 added. Once round. 6 subs. Mr. Beardsworth's Brother to Derby 4 1 1 Mr. Tomes's b. by Bedlamite Mr. Warren's Shalot 2 3 3 Mr. Peel's Rutland Mr. Jones's c. f. by Pantaloon dr SEPT. 25.—The Member's Plate of 50 SOY& for horses of all ages. Heats, twice round. Mr. Beardsworth's Longwaist 4 1 1 Mr. Giffard's b. f. by Tramp Mr. Tomes's b. c. by Bedlamita General Yates's Juliana Mr. Evans's Shelah A Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each, 5 ft., with 20 added. Heats, once round. 4 subs. Mr. Holloway's Coquet.. Mr. Evans's Shelah SEPT. 26.—A Cavalry Stakes of 50 sovs. each, by subscription. 8 subs. Mr. T. F. Sharratt's Jeck Ketch Mr. Brown's Lady Emma 1 2 2 Mr. Chawner's Mouse Trap .. 3 3 3 Mr. Hawkins's Jerry 4 4 4 Mr. Edwards's Duke fell 2 1 1 1 2dr HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. The Burton Harriers meet on Wednesday at Dirty Gate. Mr. Portman's Hounds meet on Saturday at the Down House_, at 11. The Cleveland Hounds meet on Thursday at Guisborough P ar k —.at half-past 10. The Sinnington Hounds meet on Friday at Sinnington—at 9. HUMAN STRENGTII.—FrOriI the results of experi ments made in Portsmouth dock-yard, ih driving and pressing in large iron and copper bolts, a man of me di um strength, striking with a mallet weighing 18 pounds, and the handle of which was 44 inches long, would start a bolt about one-eighth of an inch every blow. It required a pressure of 107 tons to press the same bolt down the same quantity of space, but a small additional weight pressed it completely home. HAVING COMMAND OF THE RAINSO—John Bax ter advertises in the Star Guernsey newspaper, that he will be glad to let a house, with " bedrooms, kitchen, apical:7d sup ply of rain -water, and other conveniences." A woman at Earlsbeaton, named Susan Gibson, who has borne twins twice before, was confined on Wednesday of three children, and all are " as well as can be expected.'... Halifax Express.