The Sun. — London, England, 1861-07-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 4, 1861. NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION.- C. F. HANCOCK, Jeweller and Silversmith to the Queen, 33, Bruton-street, Bond-street, having been selected by the C3. - mnittee to make the "BADGE " to be worn by the Members of the " National Rifle Association," begs respectfully to inform them that it may be procured at his Establishment, or on the grounds at Wimbledon, in SILVER price 78. tid., and in GOLD ENAMELLED, price Three Guineas. imEATRE-ROYAL, HA YMARKET. bes , sce, Mr. J. B. Fluokstehe. 'VFW. EVENING, the , performances will commena e with THE MIDDY ASHORE. Mrs. E. litzwilliam. After which THE OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs. Chas. Mathews, Buckstone, E. Villiers. Rogers, (te.; Mrs. Wilkins, Mrs. C. Mathews, and Miss E. Weekes. -- Followed by TAKING BY STORM. Mr. C. Mathews. And THE GALICIAN FETI. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Lessee and Manag•er, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, the new comic drama, entitled A HOMESTEAD STORY, Messrs. Ryder Shore, and Miss M. Harris. After which, KING LEAR. King Lear, Mr. Phelps : Edgar, Mr. Edmund Phelps. NEW THRATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. !THIS EVENING MR. GORILLA. Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford. Billingrton ; Miss Kate Kelly, Miss E. Thorne. After which (223 d time) , TILT: COLLEEN BAWN. Mr. D. Boucicault, D. r'isher,llington, Falconer, Stephenson, 'C. J. Smith, Romer, Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boucicault, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chatterley. To conclude with the successful new Farce, entitled A TURKISH BATH. Mr. J. L. Toole. Mr. P. Bedford. Doors open at halt past 6—Commence at 7. CANTERBURY -IALL CONCERTS AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. EVERY EVENINO, Two Grand Selections from celebrated Operas. including Verdi's new Opera. THE BAL MASQUE (first produced in England at this Establishment), with a Chorus of Forty Voices, and upon a scale unequalled at any other Concerts. Miss Russell, Miss Ernst, Mr. Greville, Mr. Herbert, Signor Tivoli, Mr. Bernard; popular Solos on the Cornet-s-piston, by .sir. Levy (the first performer of the day) ; the Brothers Conrad (in an entirely original entertainment on the double rope, not to be seen elsewhere); continued success of Mr. Wood and his talented little Son. The Comic Department comprises the following favourites: —Mr. Marshall, Mr. Holiinzsworth ; the NERVES, by Messrs. Harvey and French ; and Mrs. Lawrence. T H E Musical Director, Mr. JONGHMANS. O x F OR D, 8, OXFORD-STREET. - nt., - 41oble building being now completer', its architectural beauty, elegance of ornamentation, and brilliancy of lighting render it one of the sights of the metropolis. Open Every Evening. The programme is varied, and includes Selections (by a full company of principals, powerful band, and chorus) from " Macbeth" and "Un Ballo in Maschera." both operas by Verdi, the composer of the day—The wonderful Solos on the Cornet-a-Piston of the renowned LEVY—Scotch Duets by the Misses Stuart, and other vocal and instrumental music of the highest order. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. The Combo portion of the entertainment is supported by Miss Green, Messrs. Sam Collins, Harvey, and French (the Nerves), W. H. Wieland, E. Marshall, and W. Randall. Admission, Hall, sixpence ; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private Boxes, 10s. ed. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 11h. Om.—Afternoon, 1112. 36m. To-stoßnow.-Morning, h. m.—Afternoon, 12h. 6m. TSB WEATHER.-SUN OPFICZ, JULY 4, IV6I. THERMOMETER, IN THE MAIM 71—highest since noon yesterday. M—lowest this morning and during the night. 66—this day at noon. BAROMETER-29.58 ; going down rapidly. WlND—South-Westerly; blowing very strong and gusty. There is a storm raging in the Channel now, with signs of rough waather here. Heavy clouds and scud passing. ONE o'cLocx.—Rain has commenced. y. et* 4 " 4 'J dr % . , r-at 1,7,?•: , ;S, C 4„...4:••••"0 \ • y »ar . - -"A ";,;;;' THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY, JULY 4, 1861. To-day Congress re-assembles in extraordinary session, the commemoration day of United States independence having been selected for that purpose. We may well suppose that some theatrical effect was intended when the day was named. The object must have been in some way to connect the solemn deelaration of Independence with the events now occurring. To as, on this side the water, the connection will seem somewhat far fetched. It cannot be pretended now that Independence de pends on the co-operation of three-and-thirty States, as it did then on the union of thirteen. The orators, however, North and South, will have plenty to say on the subject. The North will indirectly show an appropriateness in the day to the commendation of their cause ; the South will more directly proclaim, "Indepenance is what we commemorate to-day, and Independence is what we have combined and armed to seek." But both North and South will meet to be re minded, by the din of arms around, that the Union was a hollow because an immoral one. When the North purchased Union at the cost of giving artificial power to slaveholders, it introduced the seeds of a disease which has now proved, what many at the time predicted it would, fatal to the Union. When members were assigned to the Southern States, not only in proportion to their white popu lation, but to that population augmented by three fifths of the slaves—" all other persons "—being accounted as representative population, the Free men of America sold their birthright. They not only tacitly sanctioned the immoral political incon sistency of founding a great Republic, with its famous preamble on the natural rights of men, yet one which deprived a whole race of men of their equal rights, but they put actually power into the hands of the very men who were guilty of this social and political crime. Nay, they rewarded them with power in proposition to the extent of their guilt. A slave state might acqure the right to send an additional member to Congress, merely by purchasing a larger number of their hapless fellow -creatures. All the early great statesmen of America, even WASHINGTON and JEFFERSON, though slaveholders themselves, saw the danger, and hoped the arrange ments which had been made would prove fatal to slavery. They have been as utterly mistaken a s most com promisers with evil generally are. Slave holders at first pleaded fate, necessity, the danger of sudden. measures, and that the evil, they too deplored, was inevitable. Quickily, however, they began to change their tone, and the civilized world has seen with astonishment the most infernal evil on earth becoming the controlling power in America; giving Presidents, Supreme Court Judges, a majority of the Senate, and eventually every petty officer to the Union ; has seen it annexing Texas, forcing compromises, abolishing them when they stood in their way, endeavouring, by Presidential treachery and by ruffian violence, to subdue Kansas to slavery, enacting Fugitive Slave laws to deprive men of liberty by a mock trial, and by direct bribery of the Judge, such as he was—the civilised world beheld all this, and asked —ls this Republic anism ? Are these things the per fection of free institutions? At last the uncon genial elements have separated, and separated, we may hope, for ever, unless the Northerns hoist the banner of abolition. This fourth of July ought to bring to their minds, if anything can do it, the folly and wickedness of the original com pact between Freemen and Slaveholders. Unless that contract of iniquity be broken up, th e 'Union ought to bi t shattered. The civilised world cannot wish to aee the Free States again ham pered and corrupted by a close union with Slave holders. Better by far, if slavery cannot be abolished, that the :Free North should remain un fettered by associations with what has proved to be so debasing and corrupting to its na ti ona l character. While evon in despotic ccnntries, in Europe, the sentiments of the people were right enough in regard to f ersonal slavery, it was the rarest thing in the world, before Mr. LTINCOLN'S election, to meet an American who was not at best shifty on the subject , of slavery. His con science was sapped by his selfish political interest. At the present moment probably the North has to feel that she has nurtured a foe not too easy to deal with. Hitherto, indeed, the substantial tri umph seems to be with the North ; yet the South has beaten in two skirmishes, and though the Northern line is said to be advanced a few miles, yet near Harper's Ferry itself the Southern artillery was playing on the Federalists on the north side of the Potomac, and the " rebels" were advancing their works to within four miles of Fort Monroe, which, therefore, was plainly not furnished with Armstrong guns. Washington has still to be strongly garrisoned. The Southerns are evi dently not to be despised, though we may well believe they cannot long resist the vast levies which the North will make, and in time, drill, for a great war. But a great effort indeed it must be on the part of the North, if a single campaign puts an end to the struggle. We quite expect, however, that to demand the most imposing naval and military means is the chief object of calling together Congress at this time. When the 4th of July was first named by Mr. LINCOLN, he had probably hoped that before that time things might have looked more peaceful ; he sees that they have become ten times worse, he knows that there is no alternative now but to conquer thoroughly or to compromise ; the latter he dares not propose, he will appeal to the pride of the North to make sure of the former. We must wait, of course, ten or twelve days, till Monday week perhaps, for even telegraphic infor mation respecting the celebration of the 4th of July by our American friends—probably we shall have a little foretaste of it, however, here in England. We expect in their present per verse temper with us to come in for some ludicrous abuse ; indeed, we hardly know what would save us from it unless declaring war against the Southern Confederation would do it, and then, perhaps, they would be angry with us for helping them to thrash those whom it was their business alone to chastise. Eng land and her cotton proclivities will, we may be sure, be a frequent topic. We are happy, however, to inform Americans that the most earnest wish of Englishmen is to get cotton elsewhere. We should be but too thankful never to see another bale of slave-grown cotton; and are making every effort that such should be the case. Only to-day, our readers will notice another and hopeful communi cation from Jamaica ; and we are anxiously look ing round on the fifty-eight places from which cotton has been already received in this country with the reason able hope that the encouragement furnished by present circumstances will call forth such a sup ply from many of these places as will go far towards superseding our dependence on the accursed slavery of America. That will be indeed a glorious 4th of July, according to English notions, on which Ame rican ovations can celebrate the extinction of slavery, mad proclaim to all the world that the produce which she has to exchange with other countries is the creation of her own free sons. The last of the vacant legal appointments has at length been filled up. Mr. ROUNDELL PALMER is the new Solicitor-General. The announcement of this learned gentleman's nomination to the office from which Sir WILLIAM ATHERTON has recently been promoted to the Attorney-Generalship was formally given to the public only last evening by the semi-official Whig organ of the Government. Our own readers having been upwards of a week since apprised by ourselves of the fact thus tardily notified by our contem porary So that the intimation of Mr. ROUN DELL PALMER'S selection for the office came not one jot more ar a surprise to the public generally than the superfluous announcement to HAMLET of the arrival of the Player, by that garrulous Lord High Everything, the Royal Chamberlain POLONIUS. HAMLET sees POLONIUS eagerly approaching— " I will prophesy," says the Prince to RosEN CRANTZ and GUILDENSTERN, " he comes to tell me of the players; mark it." Polonius—" My lord, I have news to tell you." hamlet—" My lord, I have news to tell you. When Roscius was an actor in Rome—" Polonius—" The actors are come hither, my lord." Hamlet—" Buz, buz." Polonius—Upon my honour,—" It is thus now pre cisely with the Whig POLONIUS. Oa Wednesday, the 3d of July, it announces as news the fact which had been given to the public is the first leading article of The Sun on Tuesday, the 25th of June. Yesterday—only yesterday—the Whig organ en deavoured to startle her MAJESTY'S lieges with the information that Mr. ROUNDELL PALMER has been nominated to the office of Solicitor-General. Now, it was only yesterday that we had oscasion to direct attention, in fairness to ourselves, to the accuracy with which from the first we had indicated the legal changes consequent upon the death of the late Lord Chancellor. Immediately upon the morrow of Lord CAMPBELL'S sudden demise we had said quite plainly and confidently that Sir RICHARD BETHELL, the Attorney-General during Lord CAMPBELL'S Chancellorship, would be raised (with a peerage) to the woolsack. And eventually he teas so raised. We asserted at the same time that the then Solicitor-General would be, in due course, advanced to the Attorney- Generalship. And Sir WILLIAM ATHERTON has been so promoted. We even filled up the gap left by the advancement of Sir WILLIAM ATHERTON, and as far back as on Tues day, the 25th of June, distinctly named Mr. ROUNDELL PALMER as his successor in the So licitor -Generalship. These assertions, one and all of them, were so distinct indeed, and so positive, aad so categorical, that we may as well give them here again in the shape of a " proof positive" quo tation. The first leading article, then, in our im pression of Tuesday, the 25th of June, thus com menced : " The Ministerial intentions in regard to the law changes consequent upon the lamented death of the Lord High Chancellor may now be stated, we believe, pretty confidently. They are thro ugh ... , first precisely what we ourselves at the very moment anticipated. They run exactly in the order marked out by us in our earliest impresszon yester day afternoon. The Attorney-General, Sir IttertAßD BETHELL, is to be advanced, with a peerage to the woolsack, to be England's new Lord High Chancellor. The Solicitor-General is in due sequence to advance, in his turn, by a single step to the post vacated by Sir RICHARD BETHELL— the post of the Attorney-Generalship. There will then remain to be filled up the secondary, but highly responsible, position of the Solicitor-General. And Who—is it asked—shall we have as Solicitor- General? Let us answer the inquiry accord ing to our belief—Mr. ROUNDELL PALMER S the lawyer whose name is set down for the post of Solicitor-General by Lord PALMERSTON." Than which certainly, as the events have proved, nothing could possibly have been more accurate throughout. We went on to add, however, what yet remains to be verified :—" But," we said, " Mr. PALMER, it may be objected, lacks at this moment a seat in the House of Commons ! True —but that, too, is of course taken into consideration by the Premier and thus is the objection pro- • "-WA, posed to be removed ! The Appropriation of Seats Bill having been pushed through Parliament, the Chancellor of the Exchequer is to claim the recognition of his new Radical, Free-trade, es-Con servative opinions by winning the day as the new representative for South Lancashire. And—(don't you recognise the adroitness of it all at a glance ?) Mr. ROUNDELL PALMER, the new Solicitor-General, the Puseyite Mr. ROUNDELL PALMER, is to slip quietly and snugly into Mr. GLADSTONE'S aban doned post as M.P. for the University of Oxford." How far this prediction may be fulfilled yet re mains, we repeat, to be recognised. It is certain, however, that Mr. PALMER still lacks a seat in the House of Commons, and that a seat somewhere in that House he must have by necessity as Solicitor- General. It is equally well known that Mr. GLAD STONE, finding Oxford University long ago too hot for him, has had set apart for himself as a far more congenial constituency the bran new constituency about to be called into existence by the fiat of Sir G. C. LEWIS'S Appropriation of Seats Bill, down in South Lancashire. Created that new constituency, or rather that additional seat for the better representation in Parliament of that old constituency—passed Sir GEORGE LEWIS'S Bill in its amended form—chosen Mr. GLADSTONE as the third knightly representative of the southern division of the county palatine of Lancaster—Mr., or (as he will forthwith be of course from the magic accolade with the Sword of State in the hand of the Sovereign) Sir ROUNDELL PALMER may then readily step into the vacant place of M.P. for the University of Oxford, immediately that place has been conveniently left vacant for him by the removal northwards of the ex-Tory " Captain " among " PEEL'S BOYS " at length developed into the radical, free trading, experimental Financier, the Unicorn leader in the henceforth team-of-three for South Lancashire. We have so very frequently before now written —and always we can honestly aver with such deep and earnest solicitude—in reference to the appalling magnitude of the annual destruction of life and property along our coasts by Shipwreck, that we may for once content ourselves with a merely cursory allusion to the revival of this theme for discussion, the night before last in the British House of Commons by Sir JAMES ELPHINSTONE. The simple consideration of this one dreadful truth —that the sacrifice here referred to amounts year after year to a frightful average of about £1,500,000 sterling—the mere knowledge of these " totals" will be enough to justify any one who, as Sir JAMES ELPHINSTONE did, on Tuesday evening, recalls the attention of Parlia ment yet once more to the need there is for legisla tive interference here—if such legislative inter ference can be proved in any way to be possible, to be practicable. The peg or hook upon which the hon. baronet hung his new argument upon this eld, old theme was, after all, however, nothing more than a broken chain-cable of a merchant-ship. As a plea —that is, for legislative interposition—it proved to be utterly insufficient. In demonstration of which insufficiency, by the way, the right hon ourable gentleman the President of the Board of Trade had merely to ask rather pointedly what proportion of wrecks occurred annually in consequence of imperfections in the ships' anchors and chain cables. In answer to which query of Mr. MILNER GIBSON'S, it must be perforce admitted, even by Sir JAMES ELPHINSTONE himself, that the flaw he had indicated is no more than a single item among the many (almost countless) causes of these dread a calamities. Tests ought certainly, obviously to be applied to the chain-cables and the ships' anchors of our merchantmen, but—by Government ? Under the supervision of agents employed by Go vernment P If it were thus decided in regard to anchors and cables, it might be just as reasonably, and indeed quite as imperatively (because of the precedent) in sisted upon for every other portion of the vessel from her keel to the topmost point of her jurymast ! From the heel of her rudder to the tip of her bow sprit ! If nothin g practical, however, in the way of improvement came from Sir JAMES ELPEIIN STONE'S humane but mistaken proposition, the hon. baronet at any rate did so far good service in a noble cause by bringing anew under the notice of the Legislature the need there is for striving by every means that may be in any way practicable to diminish this fearful annual sacrifice of a thousand gallant tars and others, as well as of a million and a half of property by ship wreck along our coast line. According to the telegrams Austria has gained a double victory. Not only has the Reichsrath at Vienna accepted with commendation the Imperial rescript to the Hungarian Diet, but the House of Magnates in Hungary itself has done the same. We are even told that it has sent a deputation to the EMPEROR, to express its approval of a docu ment which the Lower House in the. Diet would barely read. If this is true, we are rather at a loss for an explanation of such conduct, since the Upper House passed the Address which the rescript so haughtily censures at least nemine contradicente. The Upper House did indeed object to the small majority of the Lower House having amended M. DEAK'S draft address; the Magnates thought it would be better to acknowledge FRANCIS JOSEPH as exercising de facto sovereignty in the country, but all the Magnates were as unanimous as all were in the Lower House in regard to the demands, and the reasonings in support of them, contained in the address. Indeed the Vienna Press acknowleged that the unanimity of all the nobles of ;Hun gary on the great points—strict personal union only, involving separate civil, military, and financial administration—was complete. Is it conceivable that the Upper House has really separated itself from the House of Delegates. That the Upper House in Vienna should be for ward to approve is natural enough. The members were nearly all Germans, or under court influence. Their single object is to make up, if they can, for the insignificance of the Austrian Archducal estates in the councils of Germany, by incorporating Hungary with those petty territories. Hungary is a Kingdom larger, more populous and powerful, and infinitely nobler minded than any of the German Duchies, and yet these selfish Germans want to a ggran di ze themselves by suppressing the great n a ti onal i ty. It is as if Wales, or Scotland, or Ireland, had wanted to ann ex an d ama l gama t e England ! This is no exaggerated illustration. Indeed it would ha ve been far m ore f eas i a bl e f or Scotland to annex England than for the heir to the hereditary Duchy of Austria t o annex Hungary. We may hope that the so-called Emperor of Ars- TRIA will ruin himself in his present attempt. He has concentrated a host of German troops in JT- un gary, though it is treason to have them there with out the consent of the Diet; he has placed his most anti-Hungarian commanders there, and he will be as ruthless as a HAPSBURG, if he dares. Perhaps, however, the attitude of Baron RICASOLI may con vince him that all is not over in Italy yet. In any case Hungary has the grand resource of passive resistance, The Court will leave town thip afternoon for Osborne for the season. BARON 1?ICASOLI AND DTGLAND. vinces. Viterbo. LAri EST I N Lll s L. 4 PARIS, JULY 4. The Moniteur of to-day says— " At Fontainebleau, on Tuesday last, the Em peror formally received Count Arese, who was instructed to remit to him a letter by which the King officially notified to his Majesty the Legis lative Act in virtue of which he had assumed the title of King of Italy." MADRID, JULY 3, EVENING. Troops are marching from all parts against Loja. Twenty-two insurgents have surrendered. Loja will probably be attacked to-morrow. THORNE, JULY 4. Fresh popular demonstrations have taken place in the Saxony and Krasynsky gardens of Warsaw The Government has taken strong measures to prevent an outbreak. Much agitation prevails in Warsaw and the pro- ROME, JULY 2. An affray has taken place between the popula tion and the Pontifical gendarmes. One of the latter was killed, and another wounded. A French gendarme and several other persons were also wounded. TURIN, JULY 3. The Gazette di Torino of to-day says : It is reported that the French have evacuated Civita Vecchia, and were also about to evacuate PARIS, JULY 3. Judgment in the case of M. Mires has been ad journed until Friday. The Patrie of this evening states that the Sultan has ordered the construction of a new armour•plated vessel, to be named the Mahmoud. The same journal states that it was reported that the Bulgarians were on the point of returning tc the Russian Greek Church. The Emperor has arrived in Paris, and has pre sided at a Council of Ministers. He will proceed to Vichy to-morrow. Count do Persigny returned here this morning from London. ST. PETERSBURG, JULY 3. A money crisis becomes daily more imminent. Both gold and silver coin have disappeared from the market. Discount has risen to 9 per cent., even at which rate money is very scarce. The export trade is stagnant. A fresh emission of Treasury bonds, to the amount of six millions of roubles, is announced. THORN, JULY 3. In consequence of important news, an extraor dinary council of the high functionaries has been held in the governor's palace at Warsaw. The Saxon and Krasinski Gardens in that city have been suddenly transformed into a military camp. VIENNA, JULY 3. To-day the Emperor received the deputation from the Upper House of the Hungarian Diet, which has expressed its approval of the imperial rescript to Hungary. The Emperor declared to the deputation his in tention of maintaining, in reference to Hungary, the policy announced in his speech at the opening of the Iteichsrath . • AGRAM, JULY 3. The Croatian Diet will not accept the union with Hungary unless the latter consents to assume a different position in her treatment of that question. BERNE, JULY 3. The Council of the States, in its sitting of to-day, voted the sum of 100,000 fr. to defray the cost of an expedition to Japan for concluding a treaty of com merce with that country. In the National Council to-day it was decided to treat the affair of Savoy as an open question, and to energetically protect the rights of Switzerland. MADRID, JULY 3. The Republican insurgents are shut up in Loja. The Correspondencia Autografa says :—" The in surgents have offered to surrender on condition of their lives being spared. "The authorities, however, require them to sur render at discretion. "Two waggons, laden with powder, have been seized on the road to Loja. "Tranquillity reigns in the province." AMERICA. QUEENSTOWN, THURSDAY. The Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Company's steamer Glasgow, from New York on the 22d ult., arrived here this morning, and' pro ceeded immediately for Liverpool. She experienced foggy weather during the latter part of her voyage. Her news has been anticipated. THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, JULY 4. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam ship Indus, Captain Weeks, with the heavy portion of the above mails, have arrived. She brings 163 passengers, including General Tulloch and Lord Elphinstone. The French steamer Euphrates arrived at Malta on the 22d, with 150 troops and 26 officers, being the last portion of the Syrian expedition. Her Majesty's ship Supply, with condemned stores for England, was off Gibraltar when the Indus left. Her Majesty's ship Donegal, 101 guns, from Portland, arrived at Gibraltar on the 26th ult. Admiral Don Luis Hernandez Pinzon, Com mander-ir.-Chief of the Spanish squadron lying off Algeciras, paid a visit to his Excellency the Gover nor of Gibraltar on the 20th ult. At Mazagan business was very animated. Large quantities of corn were being brought into the market from the interior. Many vessels have taken their departure for Channel ports. Exchange at Gibraltar on the 28th instant was quoted —on London, 90 days' date, 501-, to 50 5-16 ; Paris, sf. 20c. ; Marseilles, sf. 29e. ; Genoa, sf. 30e. ; Madrid, eight days' sight, par ; Cadiz, ti dis ; Malaga, par ; Seville, par; Alicante, dis. ; Valencia, par; Barcelona, , 2 1 pm.; Spanish pillaired dollars, Ferdinand, 2• per cent. premium, no demand ; ditto, Carolus, 20 per cent. premium, in demand. Silver, 5f.-piece, to per cent. premium. Freight to London and outports in the United Kingdom, 255. to 30s, per steamer and 10 per cent. Br6zil and River Plate, Gulf of Mexico, and liavannah, 12 dols. per ton and .10 per cent. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—For many years past those wlo have watched the progress of affairs in Italy must have marked out Baron Ricasoli as a man of inflexible will, o' chivalrous nature, and unquestionable patriotism. His ;elf-abnegation is re markable, even in Italy, and amongst ler leading politicians and statesmen, who "strike fiery off ndeed," as compared with those of other nations, for the )ossession and exhibi tion of that high quality of greatness About a year since I was in cornnunication with Baron Ricasoli, and the following extract 'rom a letter then re ceived may not, now that he has succeeded Count Cavour in the Premiership of the kingdom of Italy, prove unin teresting to English readers : "Fltrence, July 22, 1860. "My dear Sir,— . . . I prize much the expression of your spontaneous affection for ny native country, Italy. That country is now in course of self-regeneration, to the benefit of humanity at large, ant ere long will take her place, a young and vigorous sister amidst the family of the most civilised nations, confident d finding iv. her work of regeneration an ever faithful aud ever earnest friend in England. Satisfied that this conidence of my country will not prove fallacious, it is a grateful duty fbr me to offer up prayers for the felicity of the generous English nation, and cordially press your hand as a token of that affection which already unites the hearts of thos; peoples of which we form a part. " BETTING RICASOLI. " Mr. William Wilson, Londm." Such are the sentiments of Italy's first subject towards England ; and I doubt not hit that all those who have watched that subject's career, and who love Italy, will agree with me in thinking that in such pregnant and troublous times it is indeed well that such men are.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, WILLIAM WILSON. 11, Royal Exchange, June 28. ROYAL GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION. The present entertainment at this Gallery has been highly successful, for seldom - have the Reeds and John Parry appeared to greater advantage. The author of the first piece, entitled " Our Card Basket," represents a married couple, who have handsomely furnished a villa at Richmond, and are very anxious to form a circle of visiting acquaint ances. But nobody calls upon them, as nobody knows their antecedents; and in this dilemma the husband sends for a garrulous old lawyer to make his will, in which he bequeaths so fabulous an amount of property, and connects himself and his relations so intimately with the aristocracy, that the once deserted couple are enabled without difficulty to fill their card basket. This very dramatic and light sketch introduces a series of characters, which are so ably sustained, that its success continues un abated, and repetition would appear to whet rather than appease the desire to witness its represen tation. The range of character affords Mrs. Reed ample opportunities to display her extra ordinary versatility of assumption. Her Miss Clutchley earnestly expatiates upon the " advan tages of charity," and has the best of the argument when she carries off a handsome donation. Her French girl, who sings a very clever song by Planche—her Miss Absynthe, the lisping belle of a certain age, and her Sir Maurice Fledgling, whose maiden speech, like a very bad pun, is wel come from its extravagance, are very cleverly con ceived in every detail with consummate art. In " The Graces"—the Misses Pry who pay a visit to the villa and discover the amusing characteristics by which old maids have been scandalised " from time out of mind," Mr. and Mrs. Reed and Mr. Parry afford a rich treat to their pastimes. Mr. Reed's hunting recital, and Mr. Parry's song of Paterfamilias are agreeable features of the enter tainment, which is brought to a close by Mr. Brough's very amusing " Illustration on Discord." We recur to these performances not only on account of their great merit, but the fact that the season will soon close, and deprive those of our readers who have not yet seen them of a rare opportunity of enjoyment. THE GREAT RIFLE M4TCH AT WLiLBLED 011', This morning, at an early hour, members of volunteer corps, and others, hurried off to Wimble don to be present at the great prize meeting of the National Rifle Association, which shortly after noon to-day was duly inaugurated. Wimbledon common presented an animated appearance, some hundreds of persons having been present to inspect the arrangements preparatory to the commencement of the more serious business of the day. To-day's work opened with a competition for the Queen's prizes, namely, 20 Whitworth rifles, value £25 each, and silver medal, for the best shot. These are open to volunteers (under standing rules 16 and 17) and colonial volunteers. There were also this morning prizes for " all comers," namely, six of £2O each at a range of 200 yards ; seven of £35 each at a range of 500 yards; and seven of £5O each at a range of 600 yards. These prizes arc open to all corners of all nations, including volunteers. To-morrow morning the Prince of Wales's prize of £lOO in money and of a £lOO cup, will be contended for, the qualification for candidates being that they are volunteer prize holders. The ranges are to be respectively 200, 500, and 600 yards, the number of shots at each range being 5. The " Rifle Derby" is ap pointed to take place on Thursday next, and is likely to be a most exciting affair, if a judgment may be formed from the preparations which are at present being made for it. It will be open to all corners, the ranges being 200, 500, and 600 yards, with any ammunition and any arm under 101bs. weight. A host of distinguished per sons have already paid the £2 entrance fee, which will entitle them to be competitors. Amongst them are Earl Spencer, the Earl of Ducie, the Earl of Dunmore, the Earl Grosvenor, M.P.; the Earl of Leicester, Viscount Bury, M.P. ; Lord Elcho, M.P. ; the Earl of Lichfield, Viscount Fielding, Sir Edward Kerrison, Bart., M.P. ; Col. North, M.P.; Mr. Deedes, M.P. ; Sir Henry Fletcher, the Hon. H. T. Fraser, the Hon. C. H. Lindsay, Capt. J. Darner, M.P. ; Mr. Ross (who so greatly dis tinguished himself at the last Wimbledon Meet ing), Colonel C. Kennedy, Sir R. de Burgh, Major the Hon. W. Talbot, Major-General Sir C. Hay, Lieutenant-Colonel Hicks, Mr. C. W. Lan caster (of New Bond-street), Mr. George Russell, ' Mr. Alfred Sartoris, and Lieutenant 'Walker. The distribution of prizes will take place on Wimbledon-comimn, on Saturday, the 13th of July, after which a review of the Metropolitan and other Volunteer Corps will be held by his Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam bridge and the Princess Mary (a' tended by Lady Geraldine Somerset and Colonel Home Purves) dined with the Queen last evening. The Earl of Clarendon, the Earl of Malmes bury, and Viscount Palmerston had also the honour of dining with her Majesty at Buckingham Palace. His Excellency the Prussian Minister and the Countess Bernstorff are on the eve of leaving London fur Carlsbad. The Earl and Countess of Craven entertained at dinner, on Tuesday evening, the Duchess (Dowager) of Beaufort ana . Lady Edith Somerset, the Countess of West moreland, the Earl Stanhope, the Earl of Listowel, Mr. and Lady Mary Craven, Hon. H. Grosvenor, Mr. Henry Brownrigg, &c. The marriage of Lord Rendlesham with the Lady Egidia Montgomery, daughter of the Earl of Eglin ton, took place this morning at St. Peter's Church, Eaton square. CAMPDEN HOUSE THEATRICALS.—An amateur theatrical entertainment in aid of a charitable object took place at Campden llouse, Kensington, yesterday evening. The performances consisted of the comedy of " The School for Scandal," and the farce of "An Affair of Honour." In the course of the evening Master Gorlon Smythies de livered an address written by himself, and introduced a variety of recitations from Shakspere. NEW CHURCHES IN WESTMINSTER.—ThA Bishop of London has fixed Friday, the 12th inst., for the conse cration of the church of St. Peter, Great Windmill-street, llayntarket, to the erection of which the Earl of Derby gave the munifii:ent donation of £3,500, and £l,OOO towards an endowment for the incumbent. His lordship laid the foun dation stone June 25, 1860. The district for which the church is intended is taken out of the parish of St. James's, and contains a population of 4,000, by far the greater por tion of whom are of the poorer class. The building, with the site, will cost about £ll,OOO, towards which a sum of 1000 has yet to be raised. The Queen and the Prince Consort are contributors to the fund. The Rev. G. Smith, M.A., has been appointed to the incumbency. A new church, de dicated to St. James the Less, in Upper Garden-street, the foundation stone of which was laid by Vice -Chancellor Sir W. P. Wood on April 12, 1860, is rapidly approaching completion. It is a beautiful structure, and is erected at the sole cost of the daughter of the late Bishop of Glocester and hiNtol ) who was a canon of Westminster, FRANCE. Railway accidents are not frequent in France. A serious. one, however, is announced by telegram to have occurred at La Reole, in the Bordelais. It was caused by the collision of two trains coming in contrary directions. The information as yet re ceived states that the engineers and firemen of each train, together with 20 travellers, were wounded, but not dangerously. The two locomotives and eight waggons were shattered to pieces. The Pre fect of the department, on being made acquainted with the accident, immediately proceeded to the scene of the disaster. The grand manoeuvres of the troops in the camp of Chalons are to commence about the 15th. Marshal the Duke de Magenta, who commands in chief, intends, it is said, to make cavalry charge squares of infantry from a distance of 800 metres. In a charge in real warfare each infantry soldier ought to be able to fire his musket six or seven times ; but generally the effect produced on his mind by the sight of squadrons advancing like a tempest prevents him from attaining that number. It is accordingly believed that by accustoming the infan try to the sight ofcavalry charging, and by showing what it can do on such an occasion, each soldier will obtain confidence in himself, and that the general result will be excellent. Each regiment is in turn to be subjected to the experiment. The charges of cavalry are to stop at 20 paces from the fronts of the infantry. Afterwards imitations of some of the celebrated battles of the First Empire are to be given, and from reports and plans the officers will be made to notice the skill displayed, or the faults committed, so as to ascertain what caused the win ning or the loss of each engagement. BOURSE, July 3.—Business continues very limited, but the prices of yesterday have been well main tained. For the Account, Threes are now at 67f 65c. Railway Shares are quiet, but firm. The following were the last quotations :- 11 per per Cents ... 97 Credit Foncier Do end month.... Belgian 4 3 per Cents Do. end month 67 70 , Roman Bank Shares 2850 —1 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 688 75' Spanish Threes 49 50 Do. Account 690 —1 Home Debt " Homeless" is a successful illnstration of the sub ject it professes to pourtray, and may therefore be confidently expected to obtain a considerable de gree of popularity. RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1367 50 .. 1367 50 Northern New ditto 895 .. 895 Lyons and Mediterranean 951 25 .. 952 50 Geneva 390 .. 391 25 Southern Western Eastern Sardinian .. 366 25 .. Austrian Loirbard LITERATURE. homeless : or a Poet's Inner Life. By M. Gold schmidt, author of " Jacob Bendixen," &c. 3 vols. Hurst and Blackett. This is a superior style of novel, which is sure to attract those who desire to meet with works which display talent in no ordinary degree, and bear evi dence of that deep thought of which only cultivated minds are capable. The author states his object in the preface in these emphatic words—" In truth that which is commonly called the reality of life is not my work's chief object and aim. Above that reality which we see and hear of, there is yet another reality—life's true pith, the true goal of existence, which minds of noble stamp dimly see from early youth, though mingled with, and ob scured by their passions; and for which, they strive but alas ! often as a vessel without compass sur rounded by fogs. This reality is the ideal. My tale then depicts a life resembling a long winding river, finding its way to the ocean—ldeality, eternity." The hero of the tale which is narrated in an autobiographical form, was Otto Kroyer. He is not a very attractive character, but one feels interested in his welfare, and one canna fail to sympathise in his many misfortunes. From childhood he was misunderstood and unappre ciated. His mother and he never consorted in their tastes ; his father with whom he got on better on the whole soon died, and the unhappy , youth had thuS to go on alone as it were. He formed a childish attachment to a beautiful young girl, his first playmate, and unlike such juvenile fancies the sentiment strengthened with years and became the ruling passion of his youth. Emilie Keilman, however, was destined for another destiny than to become the bride of an erratic genius whom fame crowned not with gar lauds, nor fortune, endowed with more profitable, if less precious treasures. Her parents arranged affairs for her with due regard to worldly interests, of feel ings they cared not. Camilla is far more pleasing than her friend, there is more spirit and animation in her character than in that of Emilie. There was one drawback to her happiness in her father's strange conduct. Many years back he had by his unre leuting porsooutiono driven a young tradesman to commit suicide, and the remembrance of this haunted him like a nightmare. Whatever misfor tunes befell any of the family he declared that there was a curse hanging over them. The episode of Otto's acquaintance with Pauline is a very sad one, and exhibits how the best intentioned persons can commit serious errors. With his thoughts intent on another be allowed himself to follow Pauline about and finally engage himself to her without there being the foundation of an attachment on his part. The subsequent events of their ill-fated friendship cast a shade over Otto's conduct, and entirely disenchant one of Pauline whom at first seemed rather prepossessing. The accounts of Otto's compositions are very ably described, and well might the unhappy youth have exclaimed, " Save me from my friends." In both instances, at the appearance of his play, and on the production of his poem, did some so-called friendly critic con trive to ensure its failure. It was a hazardous career that Otto marked out for himself, and under the happiest auspices, there is always a risk in attempting to criticise the existing state of things. He was unfortunate in not possessing a friend who might have toned down his style and softened the violence of his views. Then he might have been something really distinguished, and displayed his brilliant talents to the advantage which they merited, and become a successful author, who was read and admired by many. He is here described as one of those who think deeply but cannot turn their thoughts to any definite purpose, hence their shining talents flash meteor-like across the literary horizon, but leave no lasting track behind them to light with glory the impress of their course. It is satisfactory to know that one who had suffered so much, struggled so unsuccessfully, and erred so often as Otto Kroyer should at the close of his career prove himself bravo and kind, and meet his own death by saving the lives of others. In rescuing some friends out of a house on fire he received such serious injuries that he never entirely recovered. He felt no grief at the approach of death, however, but, as often occurs in those who have led such unquiet lives, he rejoiced at the prospect of attaining the only sure know ledge and the only perfect calm. When his mother, who never to the last could understand him, was endeavouring to persuade him to keep quiet, he exclaimed, " Ah, mother, know you not that the spirit can only be at rest in the life awaiting us beyond the present struggle P" There is much to demand notice is various portions of these volumes from the numerous personages introduced, and also from the skill with which they are for the met part pourtrayed to us. Some of Otto's acquaint ances in Copenhagen, 'such as Scott, Helzen, &c., are most graphically described. With the assurance that cultivated abilities so often impart, they were prepared to lay down the law for everyone ; and they displayed that discrepancy between practice and performance that is so often exhibited by would-be philosophers, who are always prepared to reform the world in righteousness when they discourse on such subjects, but when they mix in the vortex they are among the first to look after themselves, and the foremost in strin gent judgment on others: Some of the home-life of the country is very agreeably written in its details, which, simple in themselves, furnish forth abundantly the tastes and demonstrate the disposi tions of a people. In these pages the reader will be introduced to a work that is peculiar in its way and distinctive in its style from the generality of novels, and he will find a difficult subject has been for the most part successfully handled; and whether the story in itself pleases all tastes or not the merits remain the same of treating it in a suitable manner, and of rising to the height that:is due in represent ing lofty ideas and unworldly thoughts in a congenial spirit. It is one of the most arduous undertakings in the whole range of literary skill in any way to convey a correct notion, or describe in a successful style such a character as Otto Kroy er ; and inas much as he belongs to the exception and not to the rule of humanity, so many will believe he is im probable or exaggerated. It is known to those who have studiea such subjects that there are many gifted beings who in early life have dis played quite as restless ideas and as unsatisfied feelings with the world around them as the hero of these pages. Some have outlived the folly while they retained the brightnesisnfoof th e ir youthful visions , and i n after years have mellowed and mat ured t h eir powers that concentrated lustre that the dullest must acknowledge and admire. There are others who never get beyond the first part of the journey, they like Otto do not live, or have not scope for their powers, and thus their course is sad and uncertain. This has been eloquently described in this work, and will doubtless be appreciated by those who are attracted by a book which suggests reflection, and displays superior talent in many various ways, THE MAGAZINES. Dublin University Magazine. " An Only Son" is continued at some length, and in this number the scene is changed to India, where Locksley has arrived. We are introduced to some new characters, in the persons of Rosa Barrington and her cousin Florence. They are amusingly de scribed, and Florence promises to be an attractive heroine. Locksley has an enemy in Mansfield, who is watching to prove him wrong in some way or other, and will doubtless, before long, invent or find some cause for complaint. Locksley is a very determined disposition, but rather hasty in some cases ; thus he acts often to his own disadvantage, as in refusing the appointment offered to him by the Governor. This instalment, on the whole, ill interesting. There is an instructive paper, ca lled ,' " Three Social Light s o f t h e Ei ghteenth Century. It refers to Mrs. Delany-, Mrs. Piozzi, and Dr- Alexander Carlyle. It is observed, with great truth, that "if a practical knowledge of mankind could be gathered from many volumes of biogra phical memoirs, we of the present day should have little left to learn regarding our forefathers in the eighteenth century. Time and the printing-press have done nearly as much for them as personal intercourse and the newspapers have done for the prominent characters of our own day. If they had no photographers to multiply their personal, or cunning correspondents to draw out their mental, likenesses, they have found plenty of kind friends and admiring descendants to put together the dry bones of their former selves, and to embalm forever in printer's ink the stories erewhile left to moulder away in mildewed manuscripts and half-forgotten traditions." The works referred to have all recently appeared, and many may be glad to read this elaborate criticism, which is, for the most part, very fairly written, while they are still fresh in their memories, while those who have not read them may gain a good insight into their contents. " A Saturday Night in the Black Country" is a short sketch that is very well worth perusing. The description of the scene at night is very striking. "So soon as the shades of evening drop darkling down, the country becomes a confla gration as far as the eye can reach ; volumes of lurid flames issuing from a thousand furnaces shoot up the empyrean. For twenty miles round the horizon glows with fervent heat, the stars look pale and lustreless, and even the silver moon is shorn of half her beauty, the firmament is a red-hot roof, the very soil is alight with innumer able fiery horrors, and its every acre sends up to heaven its separate tribute of lurid glory. A journey by night through this strange region is a spectacle that can never be forgotten. It is a type of the nether hell, and the end of the world seems at hand." " The Month's Chronicle" contains the usual summary of events at home and abroad. " The History of the Earth and its Inhabitants" is a scientific paper that will be very acceptable to the learned reader • there are two pl a t es t o ill ustrate the subjects referred to. There is a third part of " History of the Knights of Malta," which is entertaining from its historical interest; and " Cornwall and Mines" contains some infor mation that will be of service tp the general reader. The first article is called The Dublin Exhibition of 1861," and endeavours to attract attention to the claims of Ireland in this respect. "This Emerald island has in her own quiet way absolutely taken the lead in this matter of exhibiting. In the score England marks two, Scotland plain zero, Ireland is now fairly launched in her third." Colburn's New Monthly. Lord Stanhope's recent " Life of Pitt" is the first subject discussed. The criticism on the work is favourable, and the article will repay the reader for perusal. " East Lynne" continues to occupy a large share of the pages, but it is evi dently approaching its conclusion. The murder is traced to Sir Francis, and the consequences threaten to be fatal to old Justice Hare, whose emulation of Brutus does not do him much credit. It is scarcel.y necessary to dwell so much on the minutire of the trial, and the contents of many pages could be summed up in a few lines. " Paris in its Cynical Aspects" is the title of paper founded on a recent French work, which shows the worst features of the neigbbouring capital. Sir Nathaniel gives a place among his Note Worthies to Margaret, Duchess of Newcastle, who seems to have possessed some really estim able qualities, in spite of her folly and vanity. An essay on "Irish Fairy Lore" comments upon the malice and cruelty generally attributed to the " wee folk" in the sister island, which offers a singular contrast to the legends of other coun tries. The story of " Granville de Vigne" is con tinued in rather a dilatory fashion, and the ques tion of " Why is she an old maid ?" is answered by the second part of Miss Bushby's tale. There are also papers on the " American Difficulty," and on "Modern French Historians," and a charming little lyric, entitled-- LOVE'S TRICOLOR. Br W. CHARLES KENT. I. A BLUE BELL on her baby lap I threw When first we were together, Couched on the fragrant meadow where it grew— That showery, sunbright weather I All April in the skies, May gleaming through her eyes Sweet birds singing, Blossoms springing— Buds upon the heather I 11. A purpling rose I placed within her hand That young life's summer token ; Her girlish soul my soul could understand— The maiden spell was broken I Soft love-light on her face Revealed it dimpling grace: Warm heart-flushes In her blushes Told the words just spoken. 111. A waxen-white camellia on her breast— Ah, well do I remember I My love laid down where calm she lay at rest : 'Twas in the bleak December: Dead, dead her heart's love-fire— Mine only may expire In death's sleeping : Life- long weeping Shall not quench its ember. Colburn's United Service Magazine. The number for this month contains an interest ing epitome of a series of articles by Capt. Aresin, attached to the Austrian General Quartermaster's Staff, on the invasion of England. Capt. Aresin enters into a full desrription of the preparations made by THE NAPOLEON for the invasion ofEngland. He then compares the facilities of that time with those of the present for the transportation of troops. He has taken considerable pains in the compilation of the articles, but his ideas of the geography of the coasts of England and France are somewhat vague. This is of course excusable in a foreigner ; never- ' theless a careful study of the map would have ob viated the defect. The opinion of a third and dis interested party is generally considered to be im partial, and we certainly concur in the justice of the following remarks : "A war with England, even on English ground, cannot be compared to a continental war. Misfortune strengthens the energies of the English, and even if a democratical party existed it would disdain to arrive at power by foreign arms and treachery to its country. In Ireland Napoleon might have found supporters—in England not one. After a successful landing, Napoleon might have destroyed the arsenals of England, and even sacked London ; but that would not have conquered England. From the Lands -end to the Shetlands every Englishman would have risen as a determined foo to the invader. 1805 would have antici pated 1812 (the burning of Moscow)." The concluding remarks on Napoleon the Third's policy in the East are anything but complimentary to his honesty, which is indeed but a slender reed to depend upon. In an article on the loss of life from shipwreck the various modes for saving life at present in use are considered, and further con trivances suggested. We have also a paper on the relative rank of naval officers, and a review of the Autobiography of Sir James 11I'Grigor," who con trived, during his and other regiments, to i ncur the displeasure of commandingse rvce ceresa,usifnrogm himh is zeal most furo f his the h public i often to act without orders. He, howev e r, succeeded in gai n i ng the esteem and friendship of the Duke of W e lli ngton. A sketch of the history of St. Doming o , f rom its earliest colonisation, is in teresting. Th e author ssearsvSiougeon of the 88th service condemns its so- ca ll e d an nexation to Spain, and says that it was ow i ng to t h e barbarity of the Europeans that the cruelties prac tised by the negroes and mulattoes during the in surrection were so revolting. He remarks,— " That the negroes had nirany wrongs to avenge, we cannot deny, and that it was the cruelties inflicted on them that made them in turn so cruel, is equally true. Even female slave proprietors forgot the softness of their sex in their relations with the unfortunate negroes • one of these ladies was one morning i n f or med by her steward that a negress in supplying the sugar mill with canes, had been unfortunately caught up by the machinery, and her arm wrenched off; he said it was with difficulty he had pre vented the entire body from being drawn in. The lady listened coolly and said, it would have been no great loss, only that my syrup might have been spoiled.' Another lady ordered two of her slaves for a slight offence to to thrown into a cauldron of boiling sugar. A Dominican planter bought at a high price a female quadroon in the island of Martinique; this woman nursed one of his chil dren and was nursinz a second, when his wife became jeal ous of Sophy—that was the name of the slave ; the husband declared that her suspicions were ill-founded, and she re quired in confirmation of his assertions, that he should fire a pistol shot at Sophy ; the poor slave bent to avoid the Wow, and received the shot in her hand ; the infuriated wife