The Sun. — London, England, 1831-11-10 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. A, little tract which we publish, from the pen of Sir Gilbert Blanc, deserves to be read with atten tiera and in our judgment to be acted upon promptly a,a energetically. The learned Baronet, in the +observations which he has thus opportunely ad dressed to the country, and the bulk of which he took the humane—though, we grieve to say, fruitless —precaution to circulate last month amongst the sea-ports on the eastern coast, is evidently actuated by an extreme contempt for the ordinary pedantry and affected pomp with which the authors of pro fessional publications are too apt to usher them into ;he world. He entitles his short pamphlet," Warn ing to the British public against the alarming ap proach of the Indian Cholera ;" and this, be it re collected, was before the cholera had made its !orig. merit here—before it had reached so far north-west as Hamburg, and while others of the faculty were treating with derision the fear that it would ever Visit us. We undoubtedly agree with fir Gilb ert Blanc th a t th e on ly theory - en which the progress of this malady from Calcutta to the north of England can reasonably be accounted for is that of its being contutunicable from man to man. The word " commu nicable" is employed by Sir Gilbert Thane, that he may get rid of the eternal sophistries resorted to in discussions about contagion, non-contagion, &c. In a brief history of the rource which the cholera has followed, and of the space which it has traversed, the learned physician establishesenough to prove that the facts are perfectly reconcilable with the hypo thesis of the cholera being of an infectious nature, and utterly irreconcilable, on rational grounds at least, with any other supposition, Indeed, he inti mates, and not a whit too strongly, that they have much to answer for who would throw a whole nation off its guard, and, from stubborn adherence to a gra tuitous dogma, dissuade men from raking a simple and easy (provided they be timely) means of re pelliug or mitigating a pestilence to which so many human lives have already fallen victims in every re gion of this eastern hemisphere. In the mean time let us implore individuals of all classes to carry the preventive measure of cleanliness, ventilation, anti temperance, into as diligent and persevering prac tice as may be possible. Once more we direct the watchful eye of the police to the creation of nuisances in the public streets and highways, as ready preparatives of infection. Whenever the horrid custom prevails of pumping out cesspools into the open gutters, the offending parties ought to be instantly seized, and a further experiment tried by the police inspectors whether a magistrate will dismiss the culprits harmless, or enforce the law against them. it appears that the country is in debted to the scandalous disregard of Custom-house regulations by certain persons at Sunderland for the introduction into Great Britain of the only plague by which this island has been visited since before the ti;e of London. An adegurite punishment for such a crime it is beyond humeri power to inflict; but at all events some means ought to be taken to affix to the offenders some stigma, if not some legal and }leery chastisement, as a lesson to public officers elsewhere that the safety of nations is not to be sacri ficed with impunity. It will be seen that further cases of cholera have appeared at Sunderland, and have been attended with various, though on the whole with not favourable, results.—Times. The inquest on the Italian boy, whose body was 'lately offered for sale at the anatomical school of the King's College, has not unreasonably excited the alarm of the public. If it shall be proved that he was murdered, for the purpose of deriving a hor rible livelihood from the disposal of his body,—it wretches have picked up from our streets an unpro tected foreign child, and prepared him for the die secring knife by assassination,—if they have prowled about in order to obtain subjects for a dissecting room,—then we may he assured that this is not solitary , crime of its kind ; but that, by a proper search, other revolting and monstrous examples of it will be discovered. Already public suspicion springs to this conclusion. The six persons who went to ascertain whether the bey carried to King's College belonged to them, had each of course lost a relative answering the description of the Italian child, without knowing whither those relatives had gone, or how they had perished. In a city like this great metropolis, to which so many children of want and wretchedness find their way without any subsequent care or inquiry among their friends or relatives,—where so - many , wander about without a lodging or a home,—where wretched creatures may he as little known to those who live in the house on whose steps they lie down for the night, er from whose door they are repulsed,—resurrection-men of eie Bunking school might safely and successfully ply their horrible trade for some time, unless the police were active, and the hospitals a little inquisitive. In the by-lanes and allc y s,—in the dark and hidden places in .London—a den of murder might remain undiscovered longer than that of Burke in Edinburgh, if the police and parish officers were as careless, and the profession as un suspicious as they were in the northern capital. Victims would be had in more abundance, and a larger market is at hand for the disposal of the coamsedity. Let it not he supposed that the smallness of the gain, balanced against the ;nevi tude of the crime, would prevent the perpetration of the murder, if the fear of detection should be removed by the want of vigilance. The sum of twelve guineas which was asked, or the sum of nine guineas wliich they ultimately received for the Italian boy, was probably more than they could ex pect from a burglary or highway robbery, fur which they would all have been hanged. For the sum of 101. cr 12/. a wretch like Burke would have assassi nated all his race. We would therefore press upon the Magistrates the necessity of inquiring mi nutely into the case of those persons who have lost their relatives, and to scrutinize the conduct and recent proceedings of the resurrection-men. would suggest to the police and parish officers to search in suspected quarters, and particularly to ex amine the mode in which the hospitals have been recently supplied with dead bodies. And lastly, we would advise the professors at the different ;tea t ornicel institutions to be cautious about buying very recent subjects—whose appearance indicates that they hail enjoyed health to the period immediately preceding their death, or on whom were visible any marks of violence.—Times. Mr. Tidd Pratt, barrister-at-law, officially ap pointed to certify the rules of Savings' Banks and Friondly S'cieties (as would be seen by a late re port from the sessions, and by a letter in our Paper cl Monday), has shown his industry, and proved his fitness for his task, by drawing u? an account of all tht sayings' Banks in England and Ireland, ar ranged according to counties, specifying the period at which each institution was established, and the increase and decrease of each class of depositors for the last two years. This laborious compilation, ex tracted from official documents, and occupying 70 P °es of tables, gives us the complete statistics of these admirable institutions down to the present titnt.. It is not published for sale ; but its contents should be known to all those who are interested in the management of the funds of the poor, or are de s runs of promoting economy and independence among the working. classes. By looking at the tables, the higher orders may see how many e stu ..! Nish:rents for securing and increasing the savings or the industrious poor are to be found in their Own county or district,—how m a ny o f t h e i r less fortu nate but economical neighbours and dependents h a ve acquired a taste for independence, and are fcrraing those habits of self-denial, i n a s i tuat i on where they might indulge a humble extravagance, w hi c h supply a reserve for future necessities,—howmany accounts are opened with the national banker by Persons whose little gains no other bank would manage, how far their little treasury has been increased or diminished, since 1829, by the mites added by their providence, or withdrawn by their wants ; and what is the s um total Ili edch county, or over the whole kingdom, o deposits which; but for such institutions, would Fiebub:Y have been spent in dissipation, i,quanderetl in folly, or perverted to indulgence in vice and pro fligacy. The general number of the contributors, and the amount of their contributions, will probably not a little astonish those who are perpetually ha ranguing us on the improvidence of the poorer classes, and finding excuses for neglecting the means of their improvement in an affected despair of being able to obtain their co-operation for leettering their condition. The total roembee of accounts open on the 30th of Novem'oer last year was 418,785, and the whole capital invested was 14,365,967/. This allows, it is true, but a small stock to each contri butor—each account being only at the rate of 341.; but it ought to be recollected that these institu tions offer their advantages only to savings below 2001., and that many depositors, who begin with the savings' banks, withdraw their money to oilier establishments when their accumulations exceed that sum. Of these depositors, 210,247 have opened accounts under 201.; 116,910, under 50/.; 54,011, under 100/. ; 18 ; 537, under 150/. ; 8,009 under 200/.; and 4,405 above 200/. It is gratifying to add, that on all these classes of accounts there has been an increase within the year 1830 (the period to which the returns extend), except on those above 200/., which may be managed for safety by the in stitutions destined for smaller savings, but which derive no peculiar advantage from them in point of higher interest. In this class there was in 1830 a decrease of 534, but the withdrawal of this money argues no falling off in the means or the prudence of the contributors, as it was probably invested in other securities, or has been employed in small trade. By the accounts of the whole year it appears that there has been an increase of 13,021 depositors. Without undervaluing the importance of this sum of nearly 15,000,000/. sterling, as a fund of national relief, or a means of increasing individual comfort, — a fund equal to the poor-rates of all England for more than two years,—we regard it as of far greater im t from the feelings which it indicates, and the habits which it tends to generate in the deposi tors. It encourages forecast and calculation, with respect to the affairs of life. It evinces an honest desire to provide, by a present sacrifice, against future want, or to secure a future advantage at the expence of present gratification. It draws closer the bonds of confidence between the poor who hoard arid the rich who manage their savings,—and inte rests the former in the preservation of order, by the same attachment to property which acts upon the latter. It makes the depositor enter into a kind of recognizance for his good behaviour to the amount of his contribution, and to give pledges to society that he wishes to live upon the fruits of his own industry, by converting the modest excess of his wages or gains into a little capital for future use, chile he is acquiring or improving those habits of industry and frugality which are never solitary vir tues. His decent pride of independence will teach him, after he becomes a depositor, to despise an existence dependent on public or private charity.— The man who frequents the Savings' Bank every quarter-day to deposit his small accumulation, or to receive his modest dividend, is the least likely per son to become an acquaintance of the overseer,—a supplicant at the door of the parish vestry, or an inmate of the parish poor-house. The origin of these institutions is too recent, and their establish. ment in particular localities too accidental, to allow us to draw any general inference from their success or failure,—their flourishing or declining condition, —as to the state of popular comfort or prudence in different parts of the country : but when they have been in operation for a quarter of a century, we have no doubt that they will afford one of the best tests or indications of the relative progress of diffe• rent counties or districts in wealth and intelligence. Then, tables like those now before us will present a kind of moral map of the kingdom, coloured and defined, representing the good or bad quality of the lower classes, according to the number and riches of its banks for savings. Even the present returns lay the foundation for some important conclusions as to the condition of the labouring poor in particular dis tricts. Though Savings' Banks were introduced into Ireland at the same time as into England, their progress in the former part of the empire has been so smrill that we find only 34,638 depositors, and 945,991/. of deposits in the whole island; while in Yorkshire, with a sixth part of the population, the deposits amount to 1,053,003/. In Wales the same comparative poverty is observable, the deposits for the whole principally being only 340,721/. or not so much by 40,0001. as those of the county of Surrey, whose different economical institutions present a capital of 380,960/. The agricultural counties have, in general, fewer of these esta blishments, and these establishments fewer con tributors, than the manufacturing or commercial, in proportion to their respective populations. Thus, I3uckinghamshire has four banks, and deposits are only to the amount of 36,647/., while deposits in the Savings Bank of the town of Bristol alone arc 233,944/., and for the whole county of Gloucester more than 500,0001. Berkshire, considered as an agricultural county, has encouraged these institutions more titan most other counties of the same class, the number of depositors in its ten banks being 7,138, and their capital amounting to 244,909/. We al luded above to the security which these institutions gave to th e preservation of civil order, by interest ing great masses in support of the present distribu tion of property; and this consideration is of no small importance in enabling us to silence the clamours of those who are perpetually ringing in our ears that funded capitol and Parliamentary Re form are incompatible, and that the extension of the right of suffrage must lead to the plunder of the national creditor. We only desire such alarmists to reflect for a moment on the mighty hosts of that very people on whom the right of voting will be con ferred, whose existence or comfort depends on the strict observance of the national faith, and then to say whether a confiscation of funded property is rendered more probable by their acquisition of electoral privileg es ? Why, there are as many people interested in the public funds as in the landed property of the country, and the convulsion which would destroy the rights of one set of proprietors would not spare those of another. Without men tioning the numerous class whose names are on the books of the Bank for sums of 1,0001. and upwards, —as numerous as the body of landed gentry,—we need only observe, that in the Savings' Banks alone we have a poorer class of fundholders amounting to nearly 500,000. Away, then, with the idle terror, or the disgraceful delusion, that the restoration of our national rights will injure any class who depend upon the national faith—and let us strengthen social order by encouraging institutions which tend to raise the character, while they promote the comforts, of the labouring poor.— Times. Meetings continue to be held throughout the country. That of the county of Warwick, which took place on Tuesday, affords a striking evidence of the zeal and spirit of the Reformers in that part of England. The requisition for a meeting of the county of Norfolk is signed by a strong array of Nobles and rich Commoners, and individuals of in fluence and character. These are not surely symp toms of re-action. The Anti-Reformers, we know, are beginning to hold their heads as high as ever; and though there are no symptoms of any alteration cf opinion on the part of the people, bur, on the contrary, everywhere evidence of a more earnest de ttrinination to obtain an efficient Reform ; yet, somehow or other, a belief is gaining ground that the pas of Ministers is beset with greater difficulties than they calculated on. That belief has travelled much farther than the metropolis. At the meet ing of the Birmingham Council, held on Monday last, of which a report will be found in another column, Mr. Attwood observed, " he did not hesi tate to say that the Bill was in danger. It had been rejected by the house of Lords, and he feared it would be rejected again. B u t th ere . vere o th er circumstances which he could not but consider. It was possible—he did not think it was probable—but it was possible—that our good and patriotic King may be induced, by the wiles of those who surround him, to withdraw his support from the Bill. It was possible that the ma chinations of our powerful enemies may defeat the Ministers, and compel them to resign. And if (said Mr. A.) the King, Army, and Navy are transferred to the power of the boroughmongers, why then I could not but feel the peculiar danger of my situa tion." It is obvious, from these remarks, that Mr. Attwood is suspicious. The advice he gave the members of the Union was important. "If the enemy (said he) could send spies to excite the people to rise in petty, unorganised, undirected bodies, in order that these bodies might be cut down in detail, the energy of the people would be damped ; they would argue from these numerous failures of petty bodies to the failure of all attempts, and the cause of Reform must fall to the ground ; the boroughmongers would triumph, and the vene rable Earl Grey:himself, whose life had been devoted to Reform, might be brought to punishment for his patriotic efforts." It is proper that we should, at this important crisis, be prepared for the worst. We have never doubted the honesty of Ministers, but we have always doubted their power to perform possibilities; we have always doubted their power to convert Bishops into Reformers, and borough_ mongering Peers, interested in the present sys tem of pillage of the people, into partizans of an economical Government. We never under rated the task of Ministers ; on the contrary, we have always been inclined to suppose that some of the Ministry over-rated their own means of ma nagement. It requires no great art to persuade a man to fill his pocket at the expellee of others; but a man must be more than a conjuror, who can persuade another who can take what he pleases from the pockets of others to forego that power. If Ministers can have a majority without the Bi shops, the Bishops may be Reformers against their will; but if the majority is to be made by the Bi shops, they will play the old trick over again. Mr. Attwood says, " If the boroughmongers should throw out the Bill a srcond time, they will destroy Lord Grey, unless the people save him. Let them adhere to the law, to the throne, and the Govern ment, and put their trust in them until they deceive them. When they have deceived us—but deceive us they scarcely can—we must have a care lest they destroy us. The proposed organization will enable ns to do this with effect, and therefore it was very important that this should be done whilst the present Ministry are in power. The Council will be placed in dangerous circumstances if the boroughtnongers should again triumph. Therefore he called upon the Union to take such steps as would enable them, if efforts were made to oppose the King or persecute his Ministers, to arrest the hand of the destroyer, and vindicate the rights of Englishmen, the happt ' tress of their homes, and the principles of law." Several plans of arming were submitted to the Council, and referred to a Committee, which is to report on Tuesday next. Mr. Attwood urged ex pedition, as a week, he said, was important. We warn Englishmen not to allow themselves to sup pose that they can now remain passive. A time is coming when danger can ulone be averted by show ing that they are prepared to face it. Ministers have much at stake; but we all of us have much at stake; for should Wellington and the borough mongers return to power, they would endeavour to stifle the desire for Reform by an exercise of au thority which would involve numbers in great dis iress. They would not ultimately succeed; but in the meantime many a worthy man would be sacri ficed. Let us now show a bold front. Ile who is not with us now is against us. Nothing but firm flees and a determination on the part of the people not to be trodden down, will enable them to suc ceed. Through the first opening given by timidity or faint-heartedness the boroughmongers will pass. —Morning Chronicle. The attempts which are still making in certain quarters to get up Political Unions and armed as sociation, under the specious pretence of protecting the public peace, and thereby proclaiming the pre sent Ministry incompetent to discharge the duties of regular Government, induces us to advert to those Unions once more, for the purpose of protecting the cause of Reform from that description of friends who are its worst enemies. Part of what we pre dicted would be the mischievous consequences of forming political combinations to intrude upon the functions of Government had already come to pass. We said that those Unions would create disunion; and have they not done so ? Have they not had a most malignant efficacy in breaking down that unity of sentiment which previously existed among Re formers of all grades and classes, with the exception of a little knot of ultra-radicals, whose insignificance of numbers, and whole political destitution, served as a foil to the grandeur and power of that over whelming mass of opinion by which, throughout the whole country, a rational and practical plan of Re form was so nobly supported ? But no sooner IA as a prevalent spirit excited by the Ministerial Press for the formation of Political Unions than the " apple of discord" was thrown among Reformers with fatal effect. It was said that one of the first objects of those Political Unions was to protect the peace,—and behold the result ! Scarcely was the Political Union of London formed than the pro jected meeting of the " working classes" at White Conduit-house became a source of terror to the public and of alarm to the Government. Great were the preparations made to meet the formidable emergency, not by marching the Political Union of the Crown and Anchor, with Sir Francis Burdett at its head, to put down the convention of political artisans at White Conduit-house, but by stationing near the scene of expected disturbance such a force of horse, foot, arid artillery, as showed that, with the increase of Political Unions, Government felt an increased necessity for preserving the peace by a demonstration of its readiness to call into action the terrible resources of war. What advantage did Bristol—sacked and plundered by a drunken mob, described to be as contemptible in numbers as it was mischievous in its frenzy—derive from its Po litical Union It is true the members of this Uniot► came forward when all the mischief had been done, and the swords of the soldiers dyed in the blood of the defeated rioters ;—it is true the members of this Union came forward then and made an ostentatious parade of proffering their services to protect the peace, when death and de solation had spread around the tranquillity of the grave ! An intelligent correspondent in the Courier of Tuesday gives the following exposition of the services of the Political Union, the mem bers of which, during the period of peril, seem to have most siudiously evinced their faith in Sir John Falstaff's opinion, that " the better part of valour is discretion." He says, " It has been industriously circulated that the Political Union was the chief means by which the riot was sup pressed. The Political Union ! It had no force; it was contemptible as to numbers—not amounting to 300, and still more so as to character. In this re ' spectable body many of the rioters were afterwards recognised by those who had the opportunity of becoming acquainted with them. The Political Union did nothing towards restoring tranquillity. The leader of the Political Union, after the mob had been effectually put down by the military, did certainly offer to the officer who appeared to be in command of the dragoons the assistance of the Political Union, and requested his directions. The reply was, " Place the Political Union in the ruined houses; they will there be out of the way of being hurt, and I shall know where to find them." If voluntary asso ciations were, indeed, as powerful to protect the peace as they have as yet shown themselves to he powerless, our objections to their existence would not be removed. There could be no more porten tous symptom of the decline of a great nation than having a Government either too imbecile or too supine to protect the peace, or inspire confidence and afford security to the public, while voluntary associations took the sceptre of popular authority out of its feeble hands, anti calmed or raised the " stormy wave of the multitude at its plea sure." As we have said before, every power, un known to the Constitution and irresponsible, that has such influence, in times of danger and ex citemeht, as to protect the peace, has also the power to subvert it. As to the dissension caused by political unions among Reformers, it is becoming more apparent every day. Though we believe the majority of the middle classes throughout the king- dom to be still in favour of rational Reform, yet in many places, since those unions became the fashion, the greater portion of what some call the " working classes," and ottiers call "operatives," have declared for universal suffrage, annual Parliaments, and vote by ballot. In the parish of St. Matthew, Bethnal green, a church was desecrated the other day, by being made use of for the purpose of forming a branch of the National Political Union, of which F. Burdett is Chairman. A scene occurred on the occasion which was an instructive commentary upon the advantages of such associations. The Burdettire party were opposed by the Huntite, and after a disgraceful struggle, of which the temple of our religion was the arena, the Huntite party were completely victorious, by carrying an amendment to the purport that the new branch union should attach itself to the main stein of political wisdom and virtue which flourishes at the Rotunda. These fooleries are bad enough, but they might be worse, if the actors in them had arms in their hands.—Morning Herald. Our Bristol correspondent has announced a most extraordinary fact, to which, with a proper degree of reluctance, he seems to attach some credit. He has told its that it is intended by the sagacious Corpo ration of that city to do—what can our readers guess le —to publish an account of their own ex ploits-:Y—No. To call a meeting for the discussion of their late conduct ?—No. But to bring down Sir Charles Wetherell, in the full plenitude of his judicial functions, after his celebrated retreat from the Mansion-house—to bring him down, nolens vo lens we suppose, for the purpose of trying the pri soners! There is scarcely another body in the Ueited Kingdom of whom such a report could gain credit for a single moment. They will probably con sider it a compliment to their spirit that we cannot dismiss the rumour at once as incredible after the part which they have lately played. In fact, there is scarcely a height of absurdity which we do not suppose them capable of scaling when they set in right earnest about distinguishing them selves. But is it possible that they can suc ceed in persuading Sir Charles Wetherell to put on the cap and hells? The worthy Knight has often obtained credit for playing the mountebank in another place ; but though we can easily suppose them capable of erecting a stage for him within their own jurisdiction, we doubt whe , tber, with all their eloquence, they can persuade him to make such an exhibition of himself as to sand by them in this consummation of absurdity. It is not the danger of provoking fresh ou t rage that strikes u 3 as incredible in this hopeful project—for troops have been known to recover the effects of panic be fore now, and save their fame by a gallant and suc cessful charge ;—it is from his sense of the ridicu lous we expect his rejection of the advice of the Corporation. Surely he could not pull the wig over his ears without feeling that he had compromised his judicial austerity by braving recent recollt-ctions. Perhaps, however, we are doing injustice to his ob stinacy. Perhaps the Worshipful Corporation have studied their own Recorder with more accuracy than we can pretend to ; and we may be destined to wit ness a struggle between him and them as to who is cipable of going farthew in disappointing every ra tional speculation.—Morning Herald. The Warwickshire meeting, of which we give as full a report as possible, from different Evening Pa pers, furnishes another splendid specimen of that " re-active" spirit which is so common to English men, when once they have seriously taken their re solution on any given matter. Indeed, a more re active spirit was manifested among the Warwick shire meeting, than we have known in almost any other county ; and for the proof of it we refer to the report of the speeches, all of which were, indeed, free from intemperance, but which, as is justly ob served in The Sun, were also pervaded by " a stern and resolute character. Each speaker seemed per fectly aware that the crisis at which the country had arrived was most awful, and that the question, as it now stood, was, not whether we should have a greater or a less degree of Reform, but whether we should have Reform to the extent proposed by the rejected Bill, or revolution. The Warwick meeting, by its spirit—its energy—and its plain speaking, will no doubt produce a happy effect on the reflecting faculties—provided at least they possess them—of the boroughmongers. It will serve to convince them that the people will no longer be cajoled or trifled with, and that they have already suffered to the extreme point of human endurance, and are now resolved, come weal come woe, to have their griev ances effectually redressed." But this spirit, it ought to be remarked, is not the spirit of the War wickshire gentry only, but also of the people of England. Tue bugbear of Reform—and Reform was once not only a bugbear, but a scandal to those professing it—is now no longer feared—on the con• trary, the passing of the measure is ardently desired, and the enemy that is feared is not a Reform in the representation of the people, or rather a restoration of that Constitution which, when acted upon " in spirit and in truth," is the safeguard of every man's liberties—but revolution and anarchy ! —a revolution which would sweep away every vestige of our glorious Constitution, and a revolution accom panied by such an uprooting of the foundations of society, and such a breach of the peace of the community, as would set father against son, and son against father in the first instance; and after having rendered the country a disgrace, not only to itself, but to human kind, would deliver it over, bound hand and foot, into the possession of a military us—fardes theybeariet evenevenfms)'m Far u s to be h impending ; but in truth there are many who dread such results, and the truth also is that the storm is from such ilr for scenes a from that brewing, and that were the Bill for reforming the representation of the people of England to be rejected a second time, there is no one who would riot con sider such fears to be well grounded. But it will not, we both hope and thitik,be rejected—the peace of the country will be secured by the adhesion of the Peers—and the fears, which are now entertained, pass away, we anxiously trust, " as a dream which has been dreamed," and of which nothing will re main but an indistinct remembrance—a shadow of a recollection I—Morning Advertiser. We flatter ourselves that we shall not be sus pected of any great tenderness for the Radical Mayor of Bristol, or of any great desire to excuse the culpable remissness of himself and his timid coadjutors upon occasion of the recent outbreak of the revolutionary plunderers of that city. On the contrary, we are decidedly of opinion that they merit all the contempt and obloquy with which they are now so unsparingly visited. But we are also full) aware, and we think the public should be aware also, that the guilt of that remissness and gross de reliction of their civic duty is by no means to be imputed to themselves alone, but has in a great measure been produced by causes which, however t h e y might have been, and indeed are, ineffective with men of sound principles and manly moral energies, were precisely those likely to operate upon radical imaginations and shallow under standings, and for Which other and far more culpable parties have to answer. There are a set of persons in this country who, ever consistent and clear-sighted in the best mode of producing confusion, have always carefully vilified and abused the honest endeavours of the Executive, and of all constituted local authorities, to protect the persons and property of sober citizens, and to con troul the drunken excesses of a stimulated mob. When a few years ago preparations had been made for enacting the tragic scenes of Bristol at Manches ter, when an armed and trained band of levellers ap peared in that manufacturing metropolis, equally in flamed by a hatred of order and law, and allured by the lust of plunder, and menaced that community with the same spoliation and murder of which Bris tol has been recently the theatre, an honest and energetic Magistracy, directing the effort: of a loyal yeomanry, 'were able at a very smal I comparative expense of life, to arrest the progress of the revolt'. tioeary robber, and save their merchants and fami lies from the tragedy of fire and blood. It is true that a prompt and conservative Government then seconded their efforts, incited their energies, and bestowed the rapid tribute of applause and reward upon the preservers of property and order. But how were their manly and patriotic exertions viewed and visited by the crew to which we allude ? Did they swell the chorus of the grateful citizens who were enabled by those exertions to sleep unburnt in their beds ? Did they applaud their courage, revere their patriotism, and raise the altar to them as the conser vators of the city ? Were they followed, extolled, and caressed by those even who were indebted to them for their homes and their lives ? No; a base and insidious cry was raised against them, for the purpose of undermining such objectionable obstacles to the march of rebellion as civic patriotism arid courage presented; an attempt was made to stig matise their successful exertions against a horde of ruffians, as sanguinary cruelties and a wanton de struction of the citizens; all the accustomed cant of that inhuman liberalism, which would sacrifice the sheep from an affected sentiment for the wolf, was put in force for the purpose of depreciating their conduct and blackening their reputations; and their prompt and effective acts of preservation and resto ration were, by a strange obliquity of the moral perceptions, adorned with the titles of tyranny, pro scription, and massacre I We repeat that Ito de ductions drawn from such' a fact as this will ever have any power over the thoughts or any influence over the conduct of a really generous and upright citizen. We should as soon expect to see Lord kVbarncliffe lay down his arms at the bidding of his Reforming di4iguist as to find the great majority of the English Magistracy, whether in towns or counties, swayed by the vile breath of ingratitude or injustice from the plain and honest and rill flinching performance of their duties in the station to which they are called. But 'we ask what kind of effect is likely to be produced upon the ignoran , , the timorous, or the half honest, by such a line of conduct as was pursued on the former memorable occasion, and upon every other in which such a collision has taken place, by the pseudo-patriots ? Is it not calculated to make them imagine that it is the performance and not the neglect of their duty which exposes them to insult arid opprobrium ? it not enough to infuse into the breast of any boor or blockhead who may lie seated in the Civic Chair a notion that the tranquillity and safety of the com munity o'er which he presides are a secondary con sideration, and subordinate to pol;tical and party ambition ? Even an honest Magistrate might hesi tate, if he were also a weak one, before he per formed a service which appeared so perilous, and served a master so thankless as a saved community. But toall such who thus calculate and waver we would observe that from the recent transactions at Bristol, and the remarks to which they have given rise, there is an important arid sure moral to be drawn. All the tongues and pens which were employed in vituperating and calumniating the 'Magistracy and Yeomanry of Manchester, Merthyr Tydvil, &c., are precisely those which are loudest and readiest in heaping abuse and ridicule upon those of Bristol. The same vii ulence which pursued the action and promptitude of the one is trumpet-tongued against the apathy and neglect of the others ; the same Press which called the energetic ones tyrants and mur derers terms Mr. Pinney and his puppets fools arid cowards. Provided the mob can be excssed arid authority degraded, it is all one to them whether energy or supineness be the game to be hunted town. An hour of the Manchester Magistrates would have saved Bristol ; but we should then hive been told of murder and military despotism, a id the tale of brutal intoxication and destruction, burnt buildings, and ruined families would have ben unknown arid unallowed for. The cowardice of the Bristol Corporation and its consequences, tell a valuable story to those who will be ins•ructed. The vile slaver of the mischievous arid the bad will probably bespatter those who risk any thing, in the hour of commotion, in behalf of their fellow-citizens, but they will at least be more than consoled by the suggestions of their consciences and the thoughts of all they have rescued from ruin ; while all universal contempt, including that of their previous pretended admirers, is pretty sure to overtake those who sacri fice or neglect the performance of an obVious duty to please a faction or conciliate a spurious and anti social philanthropy.—Morning Post. CORONER'S INQUEST. An inquisition was yesterday afternoon taken at the Jacob's Well public-house, Barbican, before Mr. W. PAYNE and a highly respectable Jury, to in quire touching the deaths of Miss Mary Atm O'Brien, aged 30, and her illegitimate infant,which arose out of the following extraordinary circum stances:— The Jury having inspected the bodies of the de ceased, which lay at the house of M. Todd, No. I, Alfred-place, Barbican, the following evidence was adduced: — Mr. Henry Todd stated that about a month since the deceased engaged apartments at his house. She represented herself as the daughter of Lord O'Brien, a deceased Irish Nobleman, and said that she was first cousin to the Duchess of St. Alban's; but she added, that her income at present was very limited, although she had great expectations. After a few days she introduced another female much young r than herself, who, she said, had a small income, and that they intended living together. They conducted themselves with the greatest propriety, and were vi sited by the most respectable persons. Latterly wit ness's wife had observed that Miss O'Brien looked as if she was in the family way, and one day she had the curiosity to ask her if such was not the fact. Miss O'Brien assured her she was mistaken, and that she was only labouring under a dropsical complaint. About seven o'clock on the preceding morning Miss Coleridge, the young lady who lived with the de ceased, informed him that Miss O'Brien was rather in disposed, but did not intimate what was the matter, and it was not until eleven o'clock tho same night that he and his wife, on returning from the theatre, were convinced of the astounding fact, that Miss O'Brien had on the previous night been delivered of a male infant, without any other assistance than such 82 was afforded her by Miss Coleridge, and that consequently both the mother and infant had perished. M e . W. Stone, snrgeon, of Barbican, was called in to attend the deceased about ten o'clock on the preceding night. He found her lying on the bed, and was told by Miss Coleridge that she had been recently delivered of an infant. He examined her, and found that life was wholly extinct. He then directed his attention to the infant, which was lying on a table in the room, which he found was dead also it was a fine full-grown male infant, and Miss Coleridge informed him that it was born alive, as she heard it cry. The umbilical cord not having been tied, it had bled to death. The mother's death was caused by exhaustion and want of proper medical assistance. Miss Sarah Coleridge, although she slept with the deceased, was not aware that she was enceinte. They retired to bed as usual on Monday night ; and witness was several times disturbed by groans from the deceased; she asked her what was the matter? she replied " Nothing particular." Witness at length went to sleep, and did not wake mad six o'clock. The deceased then gave her something wrapped in a piece of green cloth, and told her to put it on the bench in the room. Previous to the doing this she unwrapped the cloth, and exclaimed, "Oh, God, it's a child." The deceased then confessed that she had brought it into the world, and conjured her not to tell any one. The child appeared dead, and she laid it on the bench ; she . thought in th e n i g h t s h e heard the cries of an infant. Witness got up and made the deceased some t e a and gruel, but site ap peared very much exhausted, and witness insisted upon making her friends acquainted w ith h er situa tion. The deceased objected strongly to this, but C- , '" about tire o'clock in the afternoon, witness 5 ' 4 that she was fast sinking, insisted upon the deceased's brother, who lives in Regent4_l of her dam!erou4 situation. The deceased reY " For God's sake, don't let my brother 1(110 disgraceful situation ; if you do, I know his tl t , s. well, that he will instantly shoot me, anti' blow his own brains out." IVitness, however, to him, and told him that his sister was indisPl but did not say what had happened, and mised to call on her the next mcrning. The decy l was of the Roman Catholic persuasion ; ness, on her return home, called at the hous e , Priest of that religion, in Moorfields, to apPr i l of the deceased's dangerous situation ; but the Gentleman was not within. On reaching lortte,i found the deceased on the bed, in a state o f s'ie then became alarmed, arid sent for medies:4 sistance, but it was then too late, as the dec". was quite gone. The deceased being unprovided with ba b i. i tt i' ' this, coupled with other c rcumstanees, was, I t minds of the Jury, strong presumptive proof 111 , 1 unfortunate young wonun had contempia te f i death of the infant. The Jury, therefore , a I short consultation, returned a verdict o f tg , murder against the mother of the infant, and se° censured the conduct of Miss Coleridr , promptly calling in medical assistance. THE ARMY. (From the Cork Southern Reporter.) On Thursday morning the depot companies uft' e I Regiment marched into this city from Kinsale, ' IP remain here for some time doing duty. 11 114 Friday morning the ,econd division of the 03-t ment proceeded in the Lee steamer to Cove, and el) on board the Recoerry transport, for Barnatl ia oifr, head-quarters division is expected to embark on ' io ur next in the Wellington transport, which is ahno o expected. j A detachment of the sth Regiment has arriv.-1110 city front Buttevant, and the first division will leay town en Monday next, to embark at Give for tFe terranean. (From the Limerick Chronicle.) f ir° Annexed is a correct list of the stations of th. now in Ireland :-sth, Buttevant ; 9th, G 3 10) 0 . 511' Limerick ; 28th, Dublin ; 30th, Belfast ; 50t h, , 56th, Fermoy ; 59th, Enniskillen ; 64th, D ir ! . .ikeet'r! DuhliYs; 6Stb. Limerick 69th, Cork; 70th, 74th, Terntilemore ; 76th Athlone; tS3J, %r, 92d, Clare Castle. Cavalry-Ist or King a Guards, Dublin ; 6th Dragoon Guards or C a , Cater ; 6th Enniskillen Dragoons, Ballinrolg:411 Hussars, Dublin ; 12th Lancers, Newbridge; cers, Cork. The sth are fur Gibraltar, and the 56th the Vil,'ldper. The Recovery transport arrived at Cork on " to embark a division of the 69th Regiment for It t ios,' We understand that the orders for the embs r ;te, the 56th and 69th Regiments at Cork were. ,. prit countermanded, in consequence of the convulsion In and the apprehension of outrage in other district'' The 83d Regiment detaches from Casclebar to more, Tuarn, 13allina, and Foxford. Had the disturbances continued at Bristol, the- Doi 67th Regiments would hav e been shipped off fr ° in steamers for Bristol. PRICE OF COALS—MONOP OI4B. bg In consequence of ships from Sunderlarl °Mere" to perform quarantine, the mei-0131 that hi considerably advanced tie i ne e,ttypric article ietf of c oa h li , e „ !nitre to increase in price unless some m ei/ e contrived for procuring them from Stafford let (ther midland counties. We understand glla t . t ral large houses are already making arrangero", bring. up coals by canal; but the public wil l . 11 e , believe that at this moment a law is in extsteo which persons are prohibited from bringing to lon by internal conveyance more than 50,000, of coals in a Year. The allege d reason for thl° is the pretence that the Newcastle coasting an excellent nursery for seamen ; but the Wu we have no doubt, is the giving to a few vifil Lords and commoners a monopoly of the o° 11 ';' in London. But, be this as it may, under ep circumstances the law ought to be repealed , should imagine must be repealed, and that t "; mediately. A correspondent observes that th e ; of the present high prices of coals is the r esr c . of vend, and the small number of collieries bi the me ropol:s, &c. are supplied:— " These remarks," he observes, " perusal of some ob'ervatinns in your jour refer to the evil, and point out the rented means about to he afforded, by the Cal shipping from the river Tees a large qt description of coal, and that too from etuntry, which, for want of the conven, will afford, has never hitherto been wt fornmant, by his description of the conce , pear acquainted with the progress of tl which he alludes. The Act enabling th , prosecute the extended works, now far ; t tined in 1529, and operations have nearly two years. The main line is expec , for business in the early part of next year subscription list has been long filled up, m tee of Management have nearly disposed the additional shares they were einpowert meeting of March last) to issue, in ordt creased expence of the extended line of opeaing of the rail-road in that neighbou. S ock , ou, from which it was previot export a single cargo of coals, has, wits. months, supplied upwards of 2,400 vo that article; and during the strike' a, of the Tyne and the Wear last spring, tl nished time mt. tropolis with its necessary prevented the very serious advance in pm otherwise have taken place. " The importance of the extensive, glected, tract of coalfield in the south , county of Durham, sufficient alone to sm for centurit-s, is thus manifested beyond doubt. The opening of the Clarence extensively enlarging the sp te h hc e ek r r e t hitherto c uctn°lll the o P, e c ta u tly ow a n ct er a s s , a w p h o ic n i r i er i f l u o l their own grt'at private advantage, and injury of the public." We are glad to find that the Clar is in a much greater state of forwat were given to understand. The trade the trade of every other native production , be free, and in the end will be free. Let t" . O , tiues be taken off, and let a rail-road beo'r A e p e r re don and Birmingham be formed—an L' 1 7; ( 0 perfectly practicable—and we shall be 81) 10 cure good coals in the metropolis at leas 1. e t heir present price. It is a well-known % I English coals are sold cheaper at New V c i rlit lr they are in London ; and at Boston, Nov:ge the proprietor of the giv-works, an English ,; 6 man of the name of Robinson, imports , r ds from Liverpool at littl e more than twe't' price we pay for them in the metropoli 6 ' to be borne ? —Morning Herald. F(; C se 1 4, 0 ' 111 L, are Fugr, S crh , rod (in o' l o o , dy) relati. l4 4 o thence R nirnu t:gl: P racri:l e/I"l‘l orked :fti:lilf'l4l the. pr advanced, 0," been OV, )ecte d to b e e, , T he it and the 01,4 N 1 of the 1 he .ed (by t t tPt ler to ruee,ioo, F road. 1,4, urhood, .13 , 4 itill' ° " t 0:4 din the p is among t, 1 ; the Tee $ 0 ,3 , ch 0 price w h ' he ) ? , but 13 " of t.bern 1): 0 supply 3 , 1 the Fo s ; Railwas , o ,o l ) petition, of ° U 11 theied tie I e iti) arencclop 4. ri d De: / C pt,lit y „ etio , CHOLERA.—In the London Limo . 7 ; i. tet t „'N. :die, of Nov. 3, will be fund the mast colorl ei l l i:1 1 'I pr i this important subject, in all its bearings , ` v i it, frank eh hitherto been presented to the public. A flap ' 1 .0,, f L 4 lir i a4o gress, from its origin to the present hour, tr - i iiii gas et ti disease through all its routes, climates, and date' ,B i t 4 111 ti4 et eJnipstty the ensuing Number (Nov. 12.) 1 144 4 4 1: }i _ C ____ .. BIATIIS. . e I C , l; e l e , A e On the ;tit inst. at the residence of Miss Tolderv i ' I , i,,,, eo Mortimer, Salop, the lady of Francis Valentine Le'' $4,"411, at-law, of a son. On the sth inst. at Willowbrook, county Kildar e ' ti 4 1 41: 712 the Rev. J Bonham, of a son. i 11 41; '"f At Caerhays.castle, Cornwall, the Indy of .T. i 4 4 , .a r Esq., of a daughter. 0( 4 th Y MARRIED. r . „,,,s, i Ac t ' e On the 9th inst. at Merylebone Church, John ‘ ,. " - , r e.: 4 4 1 ti t ,"rdi ni Devonshire-street, to Mrs. Chandless , of Dorset-A u ct i - S . _,witS I ,ool' On the Sth inst. at Tenterd,n, \V. J. Dixon, }-;. 511 '' EP , ' ' t, Lill, to Eliza, (laughter of the late Rev. Thorns" p ~, 43t i , Tottenham. iv, t ilt.• 4 ! it tit 4 On the Sth inst. Dark' Halket, Esq., of Lon'l 1 4 , Itr, 1 40 eacond daughter at R. Webb, Esq., of Melchet•par ' A t 'tti, DIED. ed for 64 . 11 til ti ui On the Bth inst. NV. Hodgson, Esq., of Upper 13 "U...1110 th e Russell-square. -lIC 0( _AH t he i i ,r I On the 9th inst. at Stepney, Elizabeth, tiro l• ' D r. t h it t h,, Liddiard. f CiT'l $. * 1 11 ., " On the 6th ir.st. Elizabeth, wife of Mr. A. Tat e, 0 44 °I. - 4 street, Golden- , quare. ~(t Witr!ti ti On the Sth inst. at Nor w ood, EITIIII2, the wile bi f /‘ witt ed t Edmund Harden. ~.--- -7 . • ____ _______ PRINTED AND PUTLISIIED In' .:'.11:11D0 YOt: 16., SUN OFFICE, 112, S'TII•!,D, LOtiVe''