The Sun. — London, England, 1861-08-26 00:00:00

THE NAVY. On Saturday morning the Black Eagle conveyed the Lords of the Admiralty alongside the Warrior at Greenhithe, while the Vivid performed the same service for Sir F. Nicolson,the Commodore-Superin tendent, and other officers of Woolwich dockyard. It was stated at Woolwich that after inspecting the progress of the works on board their Lordship's had judged it prudent to prolong the stay of the War rior at Greenhithe to about the 20th of September, in order to complete the caulking and other works in the interior of the ship before her departure for Portsmouth, formerly arranged for Thursday next. The Italian frigate Eurydice (naval cadet train ing ship), Capt. Riboty, is appointed to leave Spit head for Genoa, calling at Cherbourg and Brest, on Friday next. During the frigate's stay at S pithead, Capt. Riboty with his officers and cadets, accom panied by the Chevalier Pappalardo, Italian consul at Portsmouth, has visited the Dockyard, Royal Clarence Victualling-yard, and other public estab lishments at the port. On Saturday Capt. Riboty and the superior officers of the frigate were enter tained at the Italian Consulate, and yesterday Chevalier Pappalardo was officially entertained on board the Eurydice, receiving the usual honorary salute from the frigate's guns on leaving the ship at the conclusion of his visit. While the naval cadet training ship of the Italian navy is thus cruising in foreign waters for the education and sea•training of the youthful Italian aspirants for naval honours, the English training frigate appor tioned for the same purpose—also by a curious coincidence named the Eurydice—is lying half fitted and out of commission in Portsmouth harbour. A letter received from her Majesty's ship Hanni bal states that Admiral Mundy is slowly recovering from his late severe illness. Mr. W. S. Harvey, Naval Instructor on board the same ship, had been invalided. On leaving the ship the young officers on board manned the gig and pulled their tutor on board the Renown, as a mark of personal esteem. The cutter Mercury, from the Channel Islands, being defective, arrived at Plymouth on Thursday evening for repairs. She is to ho coporsodod In her duty of protecting the fisheries by the gunboat Speedy, now at Devonport. The screw steamsloop Pantaloon, 11, was com missioned on Saturday at Plymouth, Mr. G, Doming, master. _ .s.aa us. The new iron-clad war steamer, the Defence, built by Messrs. Palmer Brothers, of Jarrow, will leave the Tyne under steam on Sept. 5 for Chatham. Her engines have been fitted up on board the vessel in the Tyne, by Messrs. Penn and Co., of Greenwich. She will be masted at Chatham, and will have her armament put aboard there. Under the new regulations recently issued by the Admiralty, for the future apprentices at the Royal dockyards to serve the last two y ears o f th e i r ap prenticeship at sea, notice was issued at Chatham Dockard on Saturday, intimating that the appren tices now in the service will be allowed to avail themselves of the regulation should they feel dis posed to do so. During the time the apprentices are serving afloat they will receive their dockyard pay, with an additional day's pay per week for Sundays, and will be victualled on board and receive tool money. THE ARMY. In consequence of the increased number of gen tlemen cadets entered at the Royal Military Aca demy, Woolwich, for the present, quarter, several additional masters have been engaged for the various branches of education. The head-quarters and service companies of the 73d Regiment, which arrived at Gravesend, from India, in the Aliquis and White Eagle, sailing trans ports, disembarked from those vessels on Saturday, when the head-quarters were forwarded to Ply mouth by steamer, and a portion of the regiment left by railway for Chatham garrison, where they - will remain for a few days, when they will leave for Plymouth to join the remainder of the regi ment. The Aliquis sailed from Calcutta on the 20th of April last, and the White Eagle a few days after, the former vessel bringing the head quarters, numbering 400 men of all ranks, and the latter vessel, 180 non-commissioned officers and men. The following officers arrived with the 73d Regiment :—Col. G. H. Smith, in command ; Lieut.-Col. W. H. Lewes; Capts. J. W. Barnes, S. V. F. Henslowe, R. J, Hereford, P. Gibaut, Lieut. W. Mitford, Lieut. and Adjt. W. Gordon, Lieuts. W. Bayley, A. H. Sharp, W. H. S. Pigott, H. B. 0. Farrington, T. M. Warren, H. F. H. Gib son°, Ensigns J. T. Turner and T, N. E. Kenney, Quartermaster J. G. Scott, Assist.-Surg. R. T. Scott, and Assist.-Surg. J. Anderson, M. 8., Lieut.-Col. T. Ross, Major H. M. Jones. and Paymaster L. Cas sidy, arrived by the overland route. On Saturday Captoin Henslowe, Lieuts. Warren and Gibsone, and 163 men of all ranks were forwarded to Chatham barracks, where they will be quartered until Thursday next. At a general court-marshal recently held at the camp at Colchester, under the presidency of Col. Dixon, C. 8., acting-commandant, Private Thomas Gaghan, of the 37th, was found guilty of insubordi nation and of assaulting Sergt. Everitt of the same corps. lie was sentenced to one year's imprisonment and to receive 50 lashes. This sentence has subse quently been confirmed By the War-office, with the exception of the flogging, for which 40 days' extra imprisonment has been substituted. The depot bat talion of the 37th is under orders to leave Colches ter during the present week to be stationed at Pembroke. The followsng additions to the camp will take place forthwith :—The 2d battalion of the Ist Royals, consisting of 6 officers and 240 men, from Birr ; 2d battalion of the sth Fusiliers, con sisting of 3 officers and 110 men, from Pembroke ; and the 2d battalion of the 6th Foot, comprising 4 cfficers and 200 men, from Cork. Two detachments have just left the camp for rifle practice at Lan guard Fort. Ensign Johnson, of the 56th, is under orders for India, and Ensign Enins, of the 37th, f or Plymouth. Lieut. Hodgson, on the recommendation of an army medical board, has obtained leave of absence until October 17th. The following movements of infantry regiments have been ordered :—The depot companies of the 4th King's Own from Chichester to Chatham, to be attached to the Ist battalion of the regiment : the 2d battalion of the 73d from Chichester to Chatham, to relieve the depot battalion ; the depot companies of the Ist battalion of the 23d, from Chatham to Walmer, to join the 2d battalion of the regiment ; the depot companies of the 2d battalion of the 20th' (East Devonshire) have arrived at Chatham from Aldershot. We have to record the death of General Francis Moore, the senior general in her Majesty's service, which took place on Thursday last, at his residence, Bath, in his 94th year. The deceased had served 74 years, having entored the army in September, 1787. He was gaze Med Lieut. in August, 1791; Capt., in June, 1793; Major, in July, 1794; Lieut.- Col., in December of the same year ; Col., in January 1801 ; Major-Gen., in April, 1808 ; Lieut.-Gen., in June, 1813; and General, in July, 1830. We are requested to ti.t ate that the private soldiers of the Woolwich division •of the Royal Marines have been, as well as the non-commissioned officers, 13_means far as th e i r li m it e d mens allowed, liberal contri butors to a e fund raised for the widow and family of Benjamin Bradshaw, shot at the Plumstead Apcm, ....., EcAß __ s , HALL.--The following are the names of gentle the science andreleEn who have passed their examination in Pra o e u tic e of medicine, and received certifi cates b practise Newnhana Crofts eambri Thursday, Aug-. 22 :—Henry Finch, well, Canterbury, The . i dg i e; Nathaniel Engleheart Cress wing gentleman also on the same day passed his first ° 1° Bonita), King's Colle ge , el ' at l'Mation:—Albert Edward Ointment and [A DVERTISEMENT.] — HoIIev , Maternal Solicitude.—What ruu t r t a . domestic remedies Pills.— would be avoided were these il l y, ?J a llaio, and d;scomfort ready to hand. In the nursery Hon 3Nt t3 , 7 The Ointmeurrria , measles, and invaluable. QblinseY, sore throat , di Aleparations prove o ust be dili gently are cured by it. iacta sedative gently rubbed upon the affected pi trt till a mutation, has been absorbed by the pores. Its cooling a nd qualities soon relieve all pain, , arrest all subdue all serious symptoms, i uid safely re, onduct th sufferer back to health. The Oh fitment heals ulcers, gor e : and scurvy. When Holloway's 1. Ills are taken to numen i the healthf u l ac ti on o f the un,g - t - unit, few diseases in t h e young or adult can w ith s tand 0 Asir power, none can en tirely resist it. THE FRENCH ARMY. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) CAMP OF CHALONS, WEDNESDAY, AUG. 21. When the French army appeared again on a European battlefield it excited the astonishment of the world by proving itself superior to friends and adversaries. The hasty conclusion of course was that there is a peculiar aptitude in Frenchmen to make soldiers. This may or may not be, but it need come into no account, for there is a simple reason which is quite sufficient to explain this phe nomenon. There is a constant improvement going on, and every experience is turned into account. No doubt there is red tape enough in the French as in any other army, but still somehow or other the progress takes place. It was the case under the Orleanists, and has been the case much more under the present Emperor, who takes great personal in terest in the subject and has besides the power of the " Fiat." Thus, after appearing with the first iron-clad ships at Kinburn, attention was turned to the guns, and when most people had scarcely gone beyond an experiment in the matter, the French appeared in the Italian war with their whole field artillery metamorphosed into rifled guns, which, both in mobility, range, and accuracy, proved superior to anything until then known, and have since served as a model to almost all the armies of the Continent. The war in Italy seems not to have been lost either. There could be no mistake by any one who saw the manoeuvring en corps d'artnee this morning. The first thing which must have struck him is the change in the uniform, of course decidedly for the better. The Zouave breeches, the leathern leggings reaching a little above the white linen gaiter, have been universally adopted for the infantry soldier. About the convenience of this there can be no more question than about the smartness of it. It does away with braces, which are no small inconvenience to the heavily laden soldier; it enables the soldier to lie down and sleep without being obliged to go through all kinds of processes, or get up next morn ing more tired than ever. The tight legging is a support to the leg and to the gaiter. I suppose th A White gaitcr will be Lie yr entirely substituted for the leathern one. This is an experience which has been learnt from the Zouaves, who never wear, even in the muddiest weather, their leathern gaiters, and scarcely ever are known to be footsore, which is frequently the case with leathern gaiters. The old tunic has likewise changed, but in an opposite di rection ; it has taken the shape of the short tunic of the Chasseurs-a-pied de la Garde. The change was necessary on account of the first ; it is decidedly smarter, rather less convenient; but as tunics are put aside in campaigning, and the greatcoat is adopted, this does not matter. Another more important change is the universal adoption of the rifle. This is since the Italian war, in which only the Imperial Guard and a certain num ber of regiments had it. I cannot say whether it is of the same pattern as then used, but the arm seems to me shorter and more handy. Sights are abo lished, with the exception of the rifles of the Cl as sears, who keep their old weapon as it was. The explanation is, that only troops d'elite will use sights with discrimination, and that one can scarcely rely on 350,000 men proving so ; be3ides which it is maintained that the great mass of soldiers will learn better to use their weapons by practice, like sportsmen, at different distances, without going through the double process of first judging the dis tances, and then adjusting the sights, which, above all, under the fire of the enemy requires considerable sangfroid. Certainly hitherto sights have not proved themselves practically of much worth, but this is no reason for giving up an improvement before it is proved to be unattainable. French people are proverbial for their desire to be consequent—what is called logiqui. They have adopted the rifle, and, of course changed their for mation, and, more or less, their whole field exercise, It is the recognition of the maxim that nothing is perfect in this world, not even the system. to which the French owed so many successes, and that the the introduction of the rifle must produce a corre sponding change in all movements. I suppose this truth was brought home to the Emperor himself by personal observation. Anyone knowing the French regulations on field exercise and seeing the French army on the battlefields of Italy would have been almost inclined to doubt that he had. a French army before him. He could find no trace of the wonderfully pedantic regulations of 1831. It seemed as if every regiment had adopted more or less its own regula tions, the only exception being, perhaps, the Chas seurs-a-pied, which had among themselves a certain family likeness. All the others—lmperial Guard, Zouaves, the regiments of the line—went on in, their own way, which, in some instances, among the latter, was no way at all. A little observation soon showed me that, by the wars in Africa—the prac tical school of the French soldier—a kind of practi cal system, based on simple principles suggested by experience, had developed itself. This development was most visible in those who had gone longest through that school, like the Imperial Guard and the regiments forming the 2cl Corps d'Armee, en tirely composed of troops coming from the colony, while the others tried with more or less success to imitate this example. Elsewhere the conclusion drawn from this circum stance would probably have been that the regula tions were not strict enough, and that in future there ought to be more drilling in order to attain perfection. Here, on the contrary, it was inferred that the fault was in the regulations, which were no longer adapted to the deadly rifle, and that a system of evolutions based on the musket inoffensive at 100 yards was scarcely fit in face of a rifle deadl y at ten times that distance. A commission was ap pointed to draw up new regulations, and after a labour of more than a year its project was sanctioned in February last. It changes the very formation, which was hitherto the basis of all evolutions. It was three deep, and has became two deep now. Which of the two is the better was long contro verted, the adversaries of the former arguing the necessity of the third rank as an element of solidity, while the supporters of the second insisted on the uselessness of the third rank for firing, its exposure to the fire of the enemy, and the benefit which might be derived from it being used for the prolongation of the line. The English and Swiss armies were the only ones who adopted the latter view, and lately the Sardinian. Had the French army remained unchanged in its composition it would have been probably long before the formation two deep would have been adopted. But a great modification has been taking place gradually in this respect ; up to 1848 it was very rare to find soldiers re enlisting after having served their time; now great numbers do it, so that the proportion of old soldiers is growing at a great rate. The reason is the advantages offered now which did not exist before. First, the price of a remplacant has been raised to 2,000 f. The term of service entitling a soldier to a pension has been lowered to 25 years. The pension itself has been almost doubled; considering, besides, that every year's campaigning counts for two years' service, and that almost every steady soldier arrives after a long service to the rank of non-commissioned officer, or, at least, gets the nzedaille, which gives a pension of 100 f.; the soldier has a chance after less than 20 years of service to retire with a competence of 600 to 700 francs a year. Besides this, there is the Imperial Guard, which like wise offers a chance of bettering the soldier's position. No wonder that the proportion of old soldiers is daily increasing, and, if it continues, it will change altogether the French army. It is scarcely neces sary to say what help this is in the lighter forma tion which has now been introduced. The formation now introduced in the line of battle is almost identical with that in the English and Swiss armies ; the leading idea,being to supply the third rank by the serrefiles formed of officers and: sergeants. This, together with the distribution of the rest of the non-commissioned officers or. the flanks of the section, keeps the whole together. It would be of little interest to your readers to go into details as far as the manoeuvring goes; the general character of it may be described as simpli fying and accelerating every movement, weeding out considerably all complicated movements, which are never possible on the battle-field, and trusting more to the developed intelligence of the men and the steadiness of the guides than to the dead accu racy of each individual man. Slow step is altogether done away with, the pas ordinaire being fixed at 77 to the minute, double quick at 110 in a minute, besides which the pas gymnastique of the Chasseurs has been introduced in the line, wisely meeting a want which showed itself every moment. Formerly to get quicker into place the soldier took to irregular running ; now this running has been regulated. Indeed, the chief improvement in the new evolu tions is the adaptation of many things which were already in use with the Chasseurs-a-pied. Accord ing to the old regulations, light infantry exercise and skirmishing was properly the duty of the light infantry regiments, and later, when these were done away with, of the flank companies. The others, although now and then put through the move ments, were scarcely regularly instructed ; hence in most cases the soldier had to do it as best he could. Now almost the identical movements in square by the Chasseurs-a-pied have been intro duced as part of the education of each individual soldier ; nay, it forms a prominent part of it. The formation by fours is the basis of it for all movements. The group has the name of compagnons d'armes, destined, as they are, to act together. Minute regulations are laid down, for instance, for resisting cavalry attacks in groups, but everywhere these are expressly laid down as rules for general guidance. The old complicated formation of squares like wise, an offshot of the idea of increased solidity, has been entirely changed, and the simple square adopted, with a reserve in the centre to strengthen where an occasion presents itself. These are some of the leading features in the changes effected, and great they certainly are. Most of the old worn-out hobbies have been de stroyed, and a new principle introduced, which had slipped in, but had not been hitherto recognised and adopted. The whole infantry has been engaged in this labour. The Duke of Magenta had to apply the new system on a larger Reale with th , . troops in camp, and he is reputed a hard taskmaster. Since tho Emperor has arrived there is quite the feeling of a holyday among the soldiers. Before his arrival there were six to seven hours of divisional exercise, four days a week, besides two great field-days on Mondays and Fridays. Now the divisional exer cise are put off more or less, and the field-days never last more than four or five hours. Prince Joachim Murat and his children left this afternoon for Paris, but General Fanti and General Craufurd are still here. The Emperor seems to take a delight in being as much as possible about the camp, driving about, riding, going to Ole theatre, frequently accom panied by the Prince Imperial, who is always seen at the manceuvres, riding his pony. To-morrow there are to be races under the grand directeur des courses, General Fleury ; on Friday another great field-day, and on Saturday the depar ture of the Emperor. But of course no one can make conjectures about this, and it is quite possible that the Emperor will remain till Monday, and take his leave en Thursday. He looks very well, and shows no trace of past illness. AUGUST 22. As a model for a standing camp, that of Chalons leaves nothing to desire ; every contrivance has been adopted to facilitate access in that out-of the-way place, and to provide for the health, com fort, and amusement of the soldier. Up to the time the camp was first established in 1857, the hamlet of Mourmelon was only connected by a country road with Chalons, while the old Roman road, probably unrepaired since the conquerors of the world left it, served as a means of communica tion with Rheims. Now two excellent chausses have been constructed, mostly by the labour of the soldiers in camp, besides which a branch railway from Chalons penetrates into all parts of the camp, so that all the materiel and stores find an easy way to the very place of their destination. Now that a railway net is spread all over Europe, and after we have seen the important part which this new agent in warfare played in the Italian campaign, a practical knowledge of the working of this mode of transport is by no means to be overlooked, especially by cavalry, artillery, and engineers. Every one who saw the awkward manner in which this was done in the Italian war will readily admit this. I don't think the subject has been regularly experi mented upon, but there are, at any rate, the means for such experiments. But, in spite of the facilities offered by the railway, the equipages militaires are not idle either, and are sent backwards and for wards between the camp and the two places in the neighbourhood. As far as I could see hitherto horses have been superseded in a great measure, and mules substituted—strong, sleek animals, evidently coming from the Alps and Apennines, but whether they are the remains of the Italian war or acquisi tions made in the newly-annexed territory, I cannot say. , As the camp is distributed at present it can scarcely be said to occupy a military position. Dis posed along the chord of the arc formed by the river the line faces south; with the artillery arsenal train, Sze., in the right rear on the opposite . bank of the stream, but Head•quarters, which are erected close to a farm bought by the Emperor, are south of it— that is, in front of the line. But still further south, in a depression of the ground, a number of wells in dicate the means of forming another line of encamp ment, if there were sufficient troops to occupy it. The village of Mourmelon le Petit and the railway station border the camp to the west, on its right flank. The extreme right of the line, leaning on a windmill, is formed by the Ist brigade of the Ist division of infantry, commanded, by General Comte de Lorencey. This brigade consists of the 9th Chas seurs-li-pied, and the Bth and 30th of the Line. The second brigade, 41st and Gist Regiments of the line, is behind, on the opposite side of the river, as a guard to artillery train, &c: It is commando(' by Gen. Mongin. Leaning on the 30th come the four regiments of Lancers, commanded by Gen. Roche fort, and behind them the division of Cuirassiers, the last of whom arrived yesterday from Lune ville. All these troops are `under • canvass— not the tent d'abri, 'but the nival square tents, and a new description of circular tents with an inge nious apparatus for ventilation. A ring about seven inches in diameter forms the:top, and is linked to a circular piece of wood about a third more in dia meter, which reposes on the top of the pole support ing the tent, but leaving a smaller or larger opening, by which the foul air can escape. Whoever has been in warm weather in a tent will appreciate this contrivance. Another improvement in these tents is their greater width in comparison with their height, which enables them far better to resist gusts of wind. The Roman road coming from the point where head-quarters are intersects this part of the line, besides which the road from Mourmelon le Petit to Mourmelon le Grand runs behind it along the left bank of the stream. The centre, with the exception of the 98th, which is housed in four " quartiers" of huts, is composed of the 10th Chasseurs, 82d, 83d (Ist Brigade), and the 89th 98th of the Line (2d Brigade). The divi sioneo is com man d e d b y General Mollard, a S avoyar d , who commanded an the mni war, ded and a the u 3 e d h d Sardinian ireeted i division i v is ion during great measure the attack on San Martino. The generals of brigade are De Bonnet-Maurehlau-Pelhes and De Laveaucoupt. The road from Chalons goes right through this part of the camp to the village of Mourmelon le Grand, which lies behind. The 3d Division, commanded by Gen. Verge (in the war of Italy commanding the Ist brigade of the Ist divi sion 3d corps d'arnzec), is composed of the 18th Battalion Chasseurs-a-pied, 72d and 75th of the Line (Ist Brigade-General Neigre), and the 99th and 103 d (Savoyard), forming the 2d Brigade, under Gen. Guerin. The 3,1 Division is, like the first, under canvass. The huts are constructed of wooden frames filled out with brickwork, designated first with letters to indicate the quarters and then with numbers so as to point out the hut. Each quartier, consisting of double rows of huts and intended more or less for a regiment, is separated by a broad road bordered by embryo poplar trees. Behind each quartier lie offi cers' quarters. Each hut is partitioned off into two, about one-fourth for the non-commissioned officers and the rest for the men. In one word, it is a bar- ~ . - ~ 't'---- TIM SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 26, 1861. rack al over again, only healthier because not so crowded, and with good ventilation from large win dows (bout 12 feet from the ground. On the high and dry plateau it is not very diffi cult tc make arrangements for cleanliness, and they are will cared for, for in spite of the heat there is no stall in the camp, which in this respect con trastsfavourably with the villages behind,—another Kamisch, with its sutlers, hotels, &c., only built of stme and sun-dried chalk bricks, instead of wood. Just row, from the presence of the Emperor, which attracts numerous visitors, they are in the height of the mason. Omnibuses are traversing them in all direction; to pick up sightseers, and carry them to the railwty station. Last year a train left Chalons at 6 a.m.,which enabled people to come over and see the mancmvres without having to pass a night. This year—l dcn't know why—this plan has been aban doned. Possibly it is to protect the industry of hotel keepers, who, it need scarcely be said, make the most of the occasion. For the afternoon and even ings all kilds of cafes chantant and not chantant, a theatre, ieux de quille, alias bawling-greens, &c., are provided. An enterprising individual of tyran nical disiosition has established a livery-stable, composed cf a number of vehicles on two and four wheels, together with a number of broken-down chargers, !formerly belonging to a regiment of Chasseurs in garrison at Chalons, and now doing duty indiscriminately in their old character or as carriage horses at the rate of 3f. and more per hour. The camp, which is now regulated like a garrison, was not alvays so, if tradition is to be trusted ; espe cially the frst sear, 1857, called " l'annee de la garde," mart have been rather boisterous. It was found difficult to keep the men in camp. Ilene decouchaiett pas mal is the expression. To the great distress of the neighbourhood, not a fowl, potato, cabbage, or fruit was safe from them. Now all this is changed, and rigid discipline observed. With no small amount of labour kitchen gardens have been planted in neighbourhood of the huts, and there is not one regiment, with the exception of the Cuirassiers, lately arrived, which hag not plots of grass and flowers pait.r.di j - raised to orna ment the entourage of the tents. , - In another respect, likewise, great improvements have been made—namely, in the water. In 1857, when the camp was improvised, shallow wells were the only source of supply, the streams being useless except for washing. The shallow wells dried out, and great illness among the troops was the- conse quence. The water had to be brought from Chalons for some time. Now there is plenty of fresh water from deep wells, rather impregnated with chalk, but not unhealthy. That all this should cost noney, and much money, is natural. First there vas the purchase of the ground, 12,000 hectares, which belonged to pri vate persons, mostly small proprietors. Then there was the building of the huts, which were contractors' work; then 25 kilometres of railway, with some heavy cuttings and several, bridges ; then the roads, wells, &c. All this was on public grounds, and out of public funds. But the Emperor himself has invested a good deal of money out of the Civil List. He has bought large plots of ground, has erected not less than nine farms on what was a steppe before. Buildings had to be con structed, stock provided, and labour and manure, without which nothing grows in these parts. Of course for the first year the return was nil, and even now the remainirg oats and clover have a very poor appearance. All this taken together has made the camp a source of life to this deserted district, and this source is contributing daily to extend cultivation. This afternoon the races and a carrousel are to take place. To-morrow, it seems, there is to be no manceavre, but great review, marching past, and distribution of erosses and medals, all of which seem to indicate that the Emperor will adhere to his original plan of leaving on the 24th. RAILWAY S AND PUBLIC COMPANIES. EASTERN COUNTIES. The report of the directors states that the receipts for the half-year ending the 30th June last amount to £668,752, for the corresponding half of 1860, to £681,562, and for the same half of 1859 to £651,402, while the total expenses had been £330,536, £323,352, and £297,725 respectively. The revenue account for the half year exhibits a decrease of £11,177; the receipts being £638,730 as against £649,907 for the corresponding period of 1860. The falling off in receipts is mainly in the cattle traffic. To the last very unfavourable harvest and its conse quences, is ascribed the decrease in the traffic of the railway, which is mainly supported from agricul tural products. The expenditure on capital account during the half-year in respect of' new works and increased accommodation to stations amounts to £8,536. The sum of 061,058 has been charged to capital in respect of engines, carriages, waggons and - breakvans added to the rolling stock, exclusive of the further addition of £50,962, which will be charged to the capit a l a ccoun t o f the ensuing half-year, having been ordered in anti cipation of the exhibition of 1862, and also a sum of £2,900 for new cart and waggon stock, nothing having been charged to that account since the year 1853. The sum.availabie for dividend as regards the Eastern Counties Companyamounts to £198,133, out of which 13146,370 has been deducted for inte rest on guarantees and loans, leaving £51,763. To this is added £5,620, brought from the preceding account, making £57,383- Prom this is deducted £3,000 on account of deferred permanent way ac count, leaving £54,383, out of which the directors have declared a dividend of 16s. 3d. per cent. for the half-year, being after the rate of £1 12s. 6d. per cent. per annum on the ordinary share capital of the company, which will absorb £47,398, leaving a balance of £6,984 for the next half-year. The work ing expenses for the half-year are £49 18s. per cent. as against £47 10s. per cent. for the corres ponding period of 1860. The permanent way and works continue to be maintained in the most effici ent manner. The expenditure on this account,out of revenue has been during the past half-year £47,185, being an increase over the corresponding period of 1860 of £3,011. The portion of the line between Strat ford and Colchester, having been laid upwards of 20 years, is now being completely renewed, on account of which £34,000 has been expended during the half-year, of which sum the directors think that £18,005 is a proper charge to be borne by the revenue of the half-year, the remaining sum of £15,995, together with the sum expected to be spent on that account during the continuance of the sum mer, will leave a like sum of about £lB,OOO to be charged in the next half-year's account. The strictest attention is paid to the maintenance of the plant in the locomotive department in estate of effi ciency. The company was successful in obtaining the sanction of Parliament to the bill introduced by them for extending the existing railway at Sudbury to Bury St. Edmund's and to Cambridge. Parlia ment has given its sanction to the proposed new line from Bishop's Stortford to Braintree, and to 'the bill for the completion of the Ware, Hadham, and Buntingford Railway. The directors, there fore, are sanguine in their expectation that no fur ther attempts will be made to interfere with the district traversed by the lines of the associated com panies, as they will now be sufficiently accommo dated. It is proposed to construct a line of railway for the carriage of coals from the northern coalfields to London by a junction with the Eastern Counties in the neighbourhoud of March. The directors think it right to remind the shareholders that a line via Cambridge offers the best route to the north-eastern districts, the whole with a slight exception forming a dead level from D trlington to London. The pro moters of the proposed scheme consider that as it will not be necessary that the trains should travel at a greater speed than from 12 to 15 miles per haur, coals and minerals can be conveyed with profit at a very small rate, so as to compete with the sea borne coal. The total quantity of coal brought to London from the northern districts amounts annually to about 4,00),000 of tons, and if one fourthpos e d route,of t hi a s quantityreturncf upwards of 5 per cent. vas conveyed by the pro would be secured to the shareholders upon the capi tal required to be outlaid, As it is proposed not to approach any town so near as to enhance the value of the land required for the railway, it is estimated that the entire cost will not exceed £lO,OOO per mile, ine!uding rolling senk, and as the distance to be travelled upon the nert line would be about 95 miles, a capital of £1,006,000 wou ld be sufficient for the purpose. The nuposed route to London will embrace the use of a miles of the railways of the associated comptniej, an d the tolls, it is esti mated, will produce an annual receipt of from £40,000 to £50,000, wittout imposing on the asso ciated companies any okl ay to accommodate this traffic. Under these cite enstances the directors have felt it to be their duty to give this measure their cordial support. The di•ectors are co operating with the Norfolk and Eastern Union companies in the necessary arrangements, and with every pros pect of an amicable settlement of the terms upon which the amalgamation sto be offered. The period is drawing nigh when there will be a fusion of interests by the amalgamation, and the directors expect that the entire concern may then be con ducted with greater benefit to the proprietors and more advantage to the pablic. LONDON, CHATHAM, AND DOVER. The directors in their report congratulate the proprietors on the very rapid increase which has taken place in the traffic of the line, more especially since the opening to Dover. For the concluding three weeks of the past half-year ending on the 30th of June the traffic was at the rate of £24 per mile per week ; for the following three weeks, being the first three weeks of the current half-year, the receipts averaged £3l per mile per week; and for the next three weeks, being the first after the open ing to Dover, £35 per mile per week, and the re ceipts for the- last week show a further increase. This increase is derived almost exclusively from passenger traffic, the company's goods station at Battersea not being as yet completed. The company have continued to suffer from the want of locomo tive power, owing to the non-delivery of their or ders by the manufacturers, The directors, how ever, consider that this difficulty is now nearly at an end. The company have also suffered much from the want of carriages, but this difficulty is becom ing daily less formidable. Messrs. Peto and Betts are constructing a goods station for the company at Battersea, adjoining the Wandsworth-road, the present accommodation for the goods traffic being extremely limited. This will be completed in two or three weeks, when a large amount of additional traffic will at once be brought upon the line. The permanent station at Victoria-street is progressing, and will be completed by April next. Two of the company's steamers have been launched and are being fitted with their engines. By the time they are finished the line to Dover harbour will also be completed, when a large portion of the Continental traffic may be expected to fall to the share of the company. The works on the Metropolitan Exten sion lines are being carried on with unexampled vigour. It is expected that the lines will be opened between the Victoria station and the Ele phant and Castle and the Victoria station and Dulwich early in the spring of next year, so as to be in time for the traffic of the Great Exhibition. The populous districts about Newington, Kenning ton, Camberwell,Clapham, Brixton, Stockwell, and Dulwich will thus bo broo 6 La into direct communi cation with the company's system of railways. By the Deviations Bill the company have obtained the last link which was wanting to complete the inde pendent through line between London and Dover. Parliament has also inserted clauses in that bill with the view of securing the proper regula tion of the traffic over the line of the Crays Com pany so long as it remains in the hands of the South-Eastern Company. The Margate Company have succeeded in obtaining powers to extend their line to Ramsgate, with a station contiguous to the harbour at that port. The capital account of the East Kent line and Dover extension shows that £1,916,146 had been received and £1,819,494 expended, leaving a balance of £96,652. The capital account of the Western Extension shows that £520,000 had been received and £601,317 expended, leaving a balance against the account of £81,317. The capital account of the Metropolitan Extension shows that £1,108,725 had been received and £620,038 expended, leaving a balance of £488,687. The revenue account of the line from London to Canterbury for the half-year ending the 30th of June shows that £32,997 had been received and £34,199 expended, including £4,555 tolls to other companies, leaving a balance of £1,202 against the company. AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY. The Emperor of Anstria, having closed the mouth of the Diet of Hungary, has next determined to tell his own story to the Reichsrath. Now that there is no M.Deak, as the organ of the hostile Parliament, to reply to him, the task has been an easy one. But we cannot allow the distortions of fact and of reason ing which characterise the Emperor's message to the two Houses of the Reichsrath to pass unchallenged, although:we are content to refer to them to the na tural obliquities of the imperial understanding ra ther than to deliberate insincerity. It must however be acknowledged, that a more unfortunate State paper never emanated from a thwarted and defeated Government.' Let us consider the manifesto now issued by the Austrian Court, proposition by pro• position. The Empercr begins by vehemently re proaching the Hungarian Diet for ingratitudein not accepting his concession of the 20th of October la s t, which reinstituted the Diet; but with this all-im portant distinction, that it was established in subor dination to the Reichsrath--a sort of central Par liament hitherto unknown to the Austrian empire. He then felicitates himself upon his clemency in thus throwing a veil over what he terms the " crime" of the 14th of April, 1849, when the Diet, assem bled at Debreczin, formally deposed the Austrian dynasty, " in violation of the pragmatic sanction." Francis Joseph thus appeals to the pragmatic sanction as the basis of the reciprocal relations of the Diet and the Sovereign, recognising it, there fore, as the exponent of the rights of the Diet, as well as of his own. Now, it unfortunately happens for the Emperor that it is to this very pragmatic sanction that the Hungarian Diet have appealed in opposition to the innovations and to the arbitrary conduct of the Government of Austria. That cele brated convention based the title of the House of Hapsburg to rule in Hungary upon the mainte nance of the supreme legislative authority of the Diet, which is at this moment the very position in dispute. Yet the Emperor of Austria now comes forward to assert the authority of a charter, the provisions of which, if recognised, are certainly conclusive in favour of all the legislative preten sions of the Hungarians. But the Emperor proceeds to inform the Reichs rath that he has revived the Hungarian Diet in all its independence and its privileges, though subject to two conditions—that the army and the finances shall be questions to be legislated for by the Reichsrath jointly with the Diet. This means, we suppose, though it is neither a clear nor a fair mode of putting it, that the eighty-five dele gates from the Diet, which the constitution of the 20th of October supposes to be forming a deliberative portion of the Reichsrath, are to exer cise their votes jointly with the two hundred and forty members from other portions of the empire. Now, what does the Austrian Government mean by asserting that it has revived the Diet of Hun gary "in all its independence," subject "only to two conditions," which it glosses over as insig nificant qualifications of independence, when it must know perfectly well that theSe "two condi tions" relate to the two very questions which have always been the main subject of dispute,between Kings and Parliaments? The taxation and mili tary establishments of a country, insignificant ques tions excepted from its general independence! Why, what is acknowledged to be the first test of the freedom and authority of any House of Commons but its right to regulate its own taxation and ex penditure ? What is acknowledged to be the se cond test, and which is largely dependent on the former, but its right to control the numbers, the levying, and the recruiting of the army ? These two privileges of a Parliament gone, and every thing is gone. It may be politic, or it may not, to fuse the whole legislative authority of an empire into one assembly where it is practicable to do so ; but an artificial and composite empire like the Austrian, which has long subsisted upon compact, and not upon national affinity, requires a different mode of treatment to a naturally homogeneous em pire • and it is very certain that if the Emperor, in October last, gave the Hungarians reason to under stand (what he now tells the Reichsrath) that he would re-establish their independence, subject only to two conditions, they had good right to resent the breach of faith of which they have complained. Perhaps, however, the most remarkable piece of autocratic reasoning contained in the imperial message is the argument put forward in justifica tion of these two restrictions upon Hungarian free dom. The Emperor gravely asserts that he was " authorised" in imposing them by the fact of " the ancient constitution of Hungary having been over thrown by a revolutionary Power." Here is a direct recognition, on the part of the Austrian Kaiser him self, of revolutionary authority. But surely, if re• volutionary edicts were to be pleaded in bar of ancient rights, those edicts must be quite as subver sive of monarchial rights as of popular legislative rights. It seems to us, therefore, that if the ancient Hungarian constitution vanishes in consequence of a revolutionary edict, the ancient Hungarian monarchy must vanish with it. This is a plain logical deduction, quite obvious, and indeed irresis tible. What place, therefore, has King Francis Joseph in the Hungarian question at all? Yet he solicits election and coronation as the successor of Ferdinand. With hardly less inconsistency, he alleges that he has dissolved the Diet because it broke off all negotiation with him. We confess we hardly see how the one party can be said to have done this any more than the other. Neither side were willing to give way ; and if from this fact is to be elicited a breaking off of negotiation, it seems to come from the Sovereign who dissolved the Diet. In the same breath the Emperor declares his resolution through out to adopt constitutional principles. This is an abuse of terms; for when he establishes a consti tution which his subjects will not concur in, he as much as says, "I am the constitution." A consti tution is, properly speaking, anything constituted; and though, in the jargon of the day, a phrase for a free government, it is certainly, in the vocabulary of the Emperor of Austria, nothing but a reflection of his own will. From this unsatisfactory state ment we turn with some hope to the announce ment that " the new Diet will be convened as soon as possible." If the Emperor shall here redeem his pledge, he has yet another chance left; let him but meet the forthcoming Diet in a conciliatory tem per, and he will find reciprocal conciliation enough in the generous character of the Hungarians.— Morning Post. LORD BROUGHAM ON THE PRESS. Lord Brougham's compliment to the Press, with which he winds up the Social Science .meeting, should be acknowledged in some way, and we do not know who there is to acknowledge it but the Pressitself. A man replies when his health is drunk; we must do the same. At the same time our noble and illustrious eulogist knows as well as ourselves that the Press cannot accept the praise of indi viduals, however distinguished. It is contrary to the very nature of its work and mission to do so. There is one great impersonal tribunal before whose eye the Press always stands, and the evidences of its merit, whatever that may be, are facts which lie before the whole world. They are simply the con tents of any one day's paper. What is it that every day's paper gives? In one word, it is an epitome of one day's history of England. When people say, as they sometimes do, that they have no time for reading anything but the newspapers, they are" not fully conscious often of the reason of this diffi culty. The reason is that there is absolutely so much that is worth reading in every day's paper. There is everything there that the world has pro dueed—the whole action of society during the last 24 hours, up to the last minute. One might think beforehand that what was striking, remarkable, and worth knowing would only happen periodically, but the press reveals the actual life of the world, and shows what a boiling vortex it is. Every minute something is thrown up to the surface which dis closes a history. There is man in every shape before us. Parliament is as good as a play; many a law report is better than the best novel. What plots come out ! What family mysteries ! You may de spise horrors, but you devour them nevertheless. We need not mention the every-day clockwork business of the world. And all these are facts. real Hyin g &ate, and all urs fresh as the dew. The very advertisements are facts of the day, and always well worth reading. We cannot be surprised, then, if a man with such fare before him is loath to leave it; if he says to himself " What better things can I have than facts, if I go to the reign of Sesostris, or the shepherd kings, if I go to the dynasties of t►:e Arsacidm and Seleucidm, and the fights of the Pisistratidm and and Alcmmonidm ?" But, while men devour the facts of the daily press, they are not perhaps wholly aware of the difficulties of the process by which they are col lected and put into shape. Newspaper intelligence is one of the great miracles of the day. You come down to breakfast in a country village, and find on your table the important tidings of what was pass ing in the political world, not a week ago or even yesterday, but only a few hours ago, in Sardinia or Hungary—in fact, just before you went to bed. Here is a sample in yesterday's paper :—" August 22, Evening,—The following is the text of the Royal Rescript," &c. That news was on a thousand country breakfast tables on the morning of the 23d. This is having the ends of the earth brought to your very door. You have an hourly map of what is going on over Europe placed before you. You have the news from Pesth quicker than you. have it from the other end of your own town. But nothing is a miracle at the end of three weeks. It becomes an order of nature, something which goes on as a mat ter of course, like the vegetation, or the earth's rotation, or the procession of Equinoxes. The speech, word for word, of a great orator delivered 300 miles off greets you the first thing in the morn ing. You expect it, and therefore are not surprised. It is as natural as if you had heard him with your own ears. Then there is this vast mass of matter to be condensed by selection. People who only look at the broad sheet would think the great difficulty was to fill it. The difficulty is exactly the opposite. Nothing but a • constant hydraulic pressure can bring _the hiStory .of a world's day into the shape in which it is presented to the public. But- Lord Brougham's compliment applies more particularly to the extraordinary services of the press. Does a war break out in the Crimea, in China, in the United States, our correspondent is on the spot immediately. He has to catch all the charac teristic aspects of the scene ; to watch, observe, examine, ride, write under a broiling sun or in a re laxing climate ; wherever anything worth remark ing is going on he has to be on the spot ; before he writes he must see ; no epicurean author's armchair for him, no writing at leisure, no waiting for inspi ration. Time and tide wait for no man. It' every incident is not set down as it occurs it vanishes and is lost in the hurry of the changing scene. There are still worse things to which he exposes himself ; he has to share the same danger with the soldier, the peril of climate, the peril even of the fight ; and we need not allude now to the melancholy issue of that exposure in the case of two of our most valued correspondents. A Canadian princely tour of plea sure and compliment must be described as faith fully as a campaign. The public at home must have a graphic picture of every last landing, last review, last dinner, last ball, last triumphal pro cession under waving flags, through flower-strewn streets, past welcoming windows. The whole earth, in short, is ransacked in catering to the British public's appetite for news. It has the best of every thing, served in the best way and with the highest finish that the art admits of. An Englishman sits down every day to a perfect banquet of news, at which he has a capital dish from every country and clime unaer the sun. The whole world spreads its treasures before him. He knows that nothing can go on upon the face of the earth, from a Coronation in Moscow to an Agricultural Show, from the field of Solferino to a skirmish in New Zealand, which he will not have fully and amply describedlto him. The tendency is, however, when people know all about everything without the least trouble to them selves that they somewhat underrate the labour which this result has cost to others. The very re gularity, skill, and success of the caterer conceals the amount of the difficulties which he has had to surmount; the very largeness of the supply disguises the painful access to the source from which it is all imperial table An Englishman sits down to his table on which lies every delicacy . under heaven, with much the same feeling with which the Roman epicures reclined at those gorgeous feasts for which British and Asiatic waters had been emptied, the vineyards of the Archipelago been stripped of their clusters, whole districts of wild boars depopulated, and myriads of peacocks decapitated. All this was the order of nature to the Roman bon-vivant, and the English Press is the order of nature to the English lover of news. Fortunatinintium sua si bona norint ; —the British public is in the situation of a great man who is waited on so attentively, and has all his wants anticipated so correctly that he imagines everything comes of itself. The process of the for mation of every day's paper is as occult and unknown a process to the general reader as the formation of the earth on which he stands or the growth of spe cies. He sees the surface of the earth enamelled with flowers, trees luxuriant with foilage, rich mea dows, smiling crops, and smooth pastures, but he does not penetrate below the pleasant surface into the dark subterranean world of geology with its mighty forces that have been in operation, and its suc cession of strata upon which all this luxuriance is based. The inner world of the Press is, in the same way, a secret and a mystery to the general English public, and the intricate machinery and the ceaseless labour and anxiety by which the regu larity and copiousness of their news are secured are not thought of. The news comes of itself, telegraphs speak spontaneously, correspondents' letters fall from the clouds, and the printed broadsheet ap pears by a law of nat ure u p on th e i r ta bl es every morning.— Times. A NEW SORT OF COCK-FIGHTING.—A singular exhibition took place at Hazebrouck three days ago. Two men carrying large packets arrived in the town and sta tioned themselves near the Hotel de Ville. They waited until a crowd had collected, and then, to the surprise of the people, they produced from the packets a number of cocks, some large and some small, and made them crow against each other, announcing that the birds were engaged in a competition to see which would crow best. As many as twenty cocks were engaged, and eventually the larger cocks were declared the winners. A collection made by the men amply recompensed them for their trouble in giving the exhibition. BALLOON ACCIDENT.—Mr. Coxwell, accom panied by two young gentlemen, Messrs. Thomas and Alfred Pearson, ascended on Monday last at seven o'clock from Congleton, Cheshire, under the influence of a strong westerly wind, which soon carried them in the direction of Buxton Moors. At this place Mr. Coxwell prepared to descend, but on nearing the earth he found the wind was too strong far him, and, worse still, there was nothing for the grappling iron to catch. In this plight the occupants of the car were dragged along till a stone wall checked the pace for a moment. Such was the velocity with which they came in contact with tho wall, that a complete gap was made. The Messrs. Pearson were almost thrown out, and were severely hurt. The balloon now became tin- manageable and rushed along the earth, dashing through three or four more walls (which divide the moor into plots) receiving violent concussions, before its progress was ar rested by its bursting. Although the basket was a new and very strong one, the sides were forced in, and the occupants more or less injured. Mr. Coxwell escaped with bruises and cuts only. Mr. T. Pearson receiv e d severe in juries of the skull, and Mr, A. Pearson a compound frac ture of the fore-arm. SUSPECTED NU.RDER AT COVENTRY. COVENTRY, SATURDAY. Much painful excitement was occasioned in this city last night by the apprehension of three persons on suspicion of murdering a married woman named Betsy Beamish, by administering poison to Ler. The prisoners' names are William Beamish, weaver, and husband of the deceased, Emma Statham, single woman (who worked in his house, and in reference to whom and the male prisoner many scandalous reports are in circulation), and Jane Stokes, a married woman, who was in attendance upon the deceased a short time before her death. It appears that the prisoner Beamish, who lives in a populous district of the city, called Hillfields, has had four children by the deceased, all of whom, together with the wife, resided with him. Last week the whole family were seized with vomitting several times, after meals, and one of the children, the youngest, became so ill in consequence that it died on Thursday week very suddenly. The wife also became seriously ill, and expired on Tuesday last. The other children happily recovered. As soon as these facts reached the ears of the neighbours, grave suspicions of foul play were excited in their minds against the husband and the girl who worked in the house. The authorities were at length com municated with. A post-mortem examination was made of the body of the wife, and on Thursday an inquiry was commenced by n% W. S. Poole, coro ner, and a respectable jury, into the cause of her death. Evidence was then given by Dr. Goate and Mr. Dresser, by whom the post-mortem exa mination was conducted, to the effect that the state of the body was quite consistent with death by metallic poison, hnd that they had forwarded the stomach, a portion of the liver, and the transverse colon, with some fluid blood, to Dr. Wrightson, of Birmingham, for analysation. They found the body in a perfectly healthy state, and they could detect nothing to account for the sudden death of the deceased. The stomach, though not opened, they noticed to be highly inflamed in patches, and the body externally presented a very livid appearance. Dr. Goate further stated that he was called in to attend the deceased on Fri day, the 16th inst., by the husband, who said she had a touch of bowel complaint. He found the in side of her mmith much excoriated, and the deceased told him she had for several days past been very sick after taking her meals. The last time he saw her previous to death was on Monday last, when she appeared better, having gradually improved since the previous Friday, when he first called. On Tuesday morning the husband came to his house and told him she was dead, and asked him to give a certificate. He hesitated for some time, but at length complied with his request, and certified that she died of castritus, The other witnesses examined were Jane Stokes and Emma Statham, the two women in custody. Stokes said she was sent for to the house of deceased on Wednesday, the 14th inst., and found her and the children sick. The youngest child died the next day. The deceased said they were seized with vomiting after taking their coffee at breakfast. That morning the hus band took his breakfast at his work. On Sunday she wanted to remain all night with the deceased, but the latter would not permit her to do so, saying that her husband was very kind, and "if she but moved her hand he got up to give her anything." The girl Statham stated that the deceased expired in presence of her and the husband on Tuesday morning. The inquest was adjourned till Monday, for the purpose of obtaining the result of the analysis. To-day the prisoners were brought up, and a re mand for a week granted, the two females being admitted to bail. The following important statement was made by Inspector Payne, who has the case in hand :—Last night, in consequence of the information received, I went to Beamish's house, when a note was given to me which Mrs. Stokes said she saw Beamish take from the pocket of his wife's dress after her death. (The note was handed to the bench, but not read publicly.) Last night I also received information that the prisoner Beamish had purchased 11 ounce of arsenic from the shop of Mr. Jenkins, che mist, on Saturday night, the 17th instant. The prisoner signed the book in his own name. This morning I searched the pri soner's house, and in a chest in his bedroom I found a pair of trousers, in one of the pockets of which wass - a paper corresponding with that in which the arsenic was wrapped that the prisoner bought at the chemist's. The prisoner said he bought it to poison some rats which infested his garden in Har nall-lane, and that if I went to the garden I should find it strewn with oatmeal. I did so, accompanied by another constable, but we found nothing of the kind. I also found in the prisoner's jacket pocket a packet of arsenic unopened, which he stated he pur chased on Monday last. I shall be able to show by similar handwriting by whom the paper taken from the pookot of deceased was written. The bench readily granted the application for a remand. The court and its avenues were crowded during the hearing. COUNTRY MARKETS. NORWICH—AuG. 24. The attendance of factors and farmers to-day was again thin, and wheat was in comparatively small supply, at the prices of last week. Malting barley was in tolerable supply. Little doing in either new or old oats. Other articles as before. White wheat 56s to 58s Red wheat 50s to 533 Malting bar1ey....455 to 47s I Chevalier barley 41s to 44a Distilling do .. ....31s to 34s I Oats. 26s to 30s Flour, 37s Od to —s Od per sack from the miller. LEICESTER—AUG. 24. A good supply of wheat to. day. Trade fait, and late prices declined 2s on old wheat. White wheat, 65s to 70s per qr. —red, 55s to 60s per 36 stone; a very middling trade in barley, grinding, 30s to 335; malting, 36s to 40s per qr.; oats, 30s to 34s per 24 stone. Beans at late prices —old, 48s to as ; new, 36s to 46s per 38 stone. Fine flour, 44s I Seconds, 40s I Thirds, 36s per 20 stone. YORK—Atm. 24. At this market to-day old wheat was in large supply, a dull sale ; new sorts at is under late rates. Grinding barley met a moderate sale, and late rates supported. Oats a short, supply, at last week's prices. Beans were steady in /demand and prie 4 e o s s ful te l s y o: ur tp)oarttse.d.. Wheat, red 32s g to r. 3 ; 4s rye P , ea 3 s 6B . . ........ 26s to 28s White do .50 s t o 60 s I Beans ...... 4os to 500 Barley to 43s per sack. per . Malt, 70s t o 72 s 418 CAMBRIDGE —Ana. 24. A pretty fair supply of wheat to-day. With a quiet trade, prices for old qualities gave way is to 2s per qr. from last week—white, from 54s to 52s ; red, 40s to 560. Barley in small supply, malting —s to —s, grinding 29s to 325. Oats varied from 24s to 30s. Beans were a slow sale, from 40s to 46s per qr. NORTHAMPTON—AuG. 24. At this corn-market the supply of wheat was an average one, but tho demand was slow—prices from 55s to 60s for old, and 50s to 63s for new. A small trade in barley— malting 37s to 40s, grinding 33s to 35s per qr. Oats in moderate show, and prices as before--quoted at 25s to 300 per 24 stone. Beans, old, 42s to 45s ; peas, 44s to 455. Rye, 37s to 425; malt, 70s to 748 ; flour, 42s to —s per sack. THE MAILS. MAILS DUE. Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South ampton) .. Overdue. Do. (via Marseilles) Sept. 12. Brazil and Cape Verde .. Sept. 3. Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &o. Cuba and Mexico .. • • .. .. Aug. 28 Canada, &c. (via L'derry) .. Aug. 21. Cape of Good Hope, &c. Sept. 1. China, Penang, and Singapore (via S'ampton) Aug. —. Do (via Marseilles) Aug. 26. Gibraltar (via Southampton) .. .. Overdue. India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) Aug. 18. Do. (via Marseilles) Aug. 26. India (Bombay), (via Southampton) Overdue. Do. (via Marseilles) .. .. Aug 19. Lisbon .. Sept. 21. Malta, Egypt, and Men (via Southampton) .. Overdue. Do. ( v i a M arse ill es ) .. Aug. 19 . Vigo, and Oporto .. ** Sept 21. 21. United States, Calif orn i a , & c . • • Aug. 10. Western Coast of Af r i ca , Madeira, Teneriffe Sept. West Indies and P ac ifi c , Carthagena, Cuba, &o. Aug. 28. BIRTHS. DENNY.—On the 21st inst., the wife of Mr. F. W. Denny, Hanover-park, Peckham, Surrey, solicitor, of a son and daughter. Hoag.—Oß the 23d inst., at Stafford, the wife of Colon& Hogg, of a son. LEATHAM.—On the 23d inst., at He' th House, near Wak efield, the wife of E. A. Leathern, Esq., of a son. MARRIAGES. B I NGITAM—UPSDALLE.—On th e 2 1st inst., at Chart Kent, William Baring Bingham, Esq., of Coleshill park, to Miss Ida Upsdalle, of Belvedere, Broadstairs. HAMMOND—BUCKLEY.—On the 20th inst., at Brighton, Edward, son of the late Simmons Hammond, Esq., of Dartford, to Rosa, youngest daughter of the late Henry Buckley, Esq., of River-hill, Sevenoaks, Rent. DEATH S. CATHCART.—On the 18th inst., at Fleury, near Paris CaHenry John, third son of Sir John and L a dy El eano r thcart. DAVERON.—On the 21st inst., at 4, Pekin-place, Poplar James Daveron, Esq., aged 56. HARE.—O n the 20th inst., in Regent-street, Thos. Hare, of Lympston, Devon, aged 74. MOORE.—On the 22d inst., at his residence in Bath, in the 94th year of his age, Francis Moore, Senior General of the British Army. WARREN.—On the 19th inst., at Ancaster Vicarage, tha Rev. Z. S. Warren, vicar of Ancaster and Dorringtou, aged 64. LONDON : Printed and Published by MIIRDO YOUNG, at No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE SUN Office, No. 112,Strand , in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County. 'of Middlesex, Montlity, August 26, lita.