The Sun. — London, England, 1834-08-15 00:00:00

i lia )le, fv pe r, ioer, FRENCH PAPERS. il e.von.te t erom the PapeT — s of We io dn d e . sday.) • e ss. ,4 e contains six Royal r aces relating to the "I first, dated the 22d of July last, which . con the' government of the colony, declares, by article 1, e, general command and high administration of the Ai°. possessions in the north of Africa, late the Regency Ye% are in to a Governor-General, who is to ~se his 4t ei , ~,Pnwers under the order and direction of the kiii °` ' V ar. Article 2, charges a General Officer co , rn e - r t t ,,, T4 g .the troops a Civil Intendant, a General Offi . z , kte r ,,L antl icg th, ) ,:. Procurator General, a Military I, t, and --N . y, a . ett • a Director of the Finances, with the dif i%t etvil and militar se ices within their respective ktieleraetits, under the y orde r r ' s of the Governor-General. 1 tonna,' declares that the Governor-General is to have . 1. 4 ' . for er , el ? composed of the functionaries mentioned . in ' tl i c°l ' ng art icle. Article 4, declares, that until it shall ,l sditaterwise ordained, the colony shall be ruled by Ro) 'the Article 5, empowers the Governor - General . in al to Prepare draughts of ordinances, and transmit them taistes of War • and on extraordinary and urgent tp i n s, tha Gov ernor-General is authorised provision- INktaoisslle decrees, rendering the dispositions of . these 'Pii a l ' erdances executory. According .to article 6, , . ordin I 'llon s laces are hereafter to determine the attri ll'e org:iztile governor -General in . Council,. as well as 4 tic ea atl ° of the Civil Administration, and that of 1 4 1 , ar and then Finances The administration of the army and i ll ei a t : t°,renlain subject to the same laws and ordinances as ated j 114 present regulated by. The second ordinance, t ttlo n it ,Y 27, appoints Lieutenant-General Drouet, Count It'tat-' '4lllMander of the 12th Military Division, to be Go ke of of the• Frnch po sessions in the north of tj:;,• The third ordinance, dated the 10th instant, declares f tl,! Kin g shall he administered in the colony in the name o `, ll llt tv i bY the French tribunals, and by the tribunals of the !k!'lliae'e' 4ccording to the distinctions established by this or th n'm'llieli contains 64 articles, and occupies four columns k c t, - ' ci al •journal. The fourth ordinance, dated the 1,./ C:liiil,s,neentinates M. Pasquier, Prefect of Finisterre, to Z . rqty".; of of the African possessions, in the room 9t . 1, 4 lheltl3ll°-ssY, .Master of Requests in the Council of State. Oure,,eo ordinance, also dated the 12th instant, M. ,iktiai illeraber of the Chamber of Deputies, is appointed i ;4 forth °'llmissioner of Justice in the French possessions i l'eti t `,, of Africa, d, isthis anaci charged with col -1...-Nl;ll+,."iha facts and documents ent e' s calculated to enlighten the i'l l , la m it if t on the actual n sta um te of . the legislation of the coun- Il i i e t it ka ` 8 Parts, and on the alterations improvementsand thordinance_ ni Ybe proper to make in it. The . six 1/ 'lhe s °l4tedtwelfth 'nstant —appoints Rear- Na) lil itti. e ` tic la Bretonniere to be dommandant of the as) NANip t ,, NI b ap -3 / 4 4 OF DEPUTIES.—SITTING OF Aoa. 13. theTL order in the Chai- Nt adje tt Zer. of th e day was .: the discussion on the draught of tllitil'at(l,:lot:raratoiltii_vvas desirous of . calling . the attention of the th, ‘ "tin of , ", financial question arising out of the present ttab,il la t ' i r : , l , Y e,,ti o to f i : ra p e a t :°• The Hon. Deputy was of opinion that by n. her to reali t , the quadruple all;ance Fiance had gamed an ally He tale .i injurious to her than her worst enemy. enniltre credit of Spain was sufficiently good . to that nothing could justify t 7: t r e aj :et of havi:c„trneeelovulroseantso, anda national bankruptcy said f:PniylleteillPlated ty the S - ianisii Government. The H t on to . tiklutrod el ude d by proposing the following amendmen Ij,' Plac e " . ed w hen the discussion on the paragraphs should nt.. tPd'alls . f ae . t i o " The Chamber has learned with the most hF . p esv ol , rin n that your Majesty in concert with your allies is ti ou * tai 'lanl gto put an end to the complicated situation of the e o , n _thaa a ; h a e nd nothin g is more worthy . your Majesty's atte . n- A, cnn oent Project said to be entertained . by the Spanish ti,, t 'attit ry °f effecting an arbitrary reduction in the debt of (4 1 4 With " Such a measure could not be carried into ex . ecu- Ilvskiriltt‘,.,iolating equity and the duties of a constitutional ‘mend 1411 Iiste r de k. /ati lt o p „ of the Finances lhe7tass ed `‘4o HOn. Deputy who f h t a n d e just sat down should address were under i t alsid era .7en the paragraphs o bill' vt. no n of the Chamber. - oh Y io his would not follow his Hon. Colleague M. Da (l‘7Nion is Panish excursion , but would pass at once to the ,hlwer: internal policy laid down in the addre ; T 4 4 ° , 11 ; A f e : it ., ol July had been taxed with not having done t 'on (,°, `uematerial interests of the country, but due a - titi ori had not k clre: lt Qovenn,a been paid to the exrorneemhe might difficulties of the po more justly be t(5,,.; std to The ent. The rep of public_ opinion at the pre tf pi , .l a a,y. Th " e e general tendency oceded to contrast the state ll'iZddliss,oovlteritillentthat Of . Deputy England,. observing", That with regard to t 4 W ere ' oeneficial to industry, the measures of Eng , oil. Practical whilst France was content with .. mere r oil y k op f t te , r , s 7ii . objections to the present system of eei Deputy concluded by ; Nl j tor th e ' ati l d e France the H t he 4l i )° rta ati r, t s n ie r r e .ga r rd s e s d . the address as an adjournment of every Dep o t t° tin laes tl°ll, and particularly of that . which Therelated to Hon. ktklt' said th tia ' l ce in office of the present Ministry. 1 4 4 ,, k eksur at though he respected individuals, be would as not the man to 14 Q,,,,,,, ,e 8• "- --( Hear, hear.) li t i o !'ela „4,,,c;nment for loyally exto H rm e in vt atin . its enemies on th 'ed Ir. battle • but after the victory, mi g ght not the van- NOee ave ' en tre. \ 50m0 just cause of complaint ?--( Murmurs from Wag ont ilot 2 Generous conquerors might ask if the battle 1 11 0 ,, ai nt ade t a n a ve been won with less bloodshed. No allusion .. to l o , t p," s uch sentiments in the speec , h which Ministers mouth ; nothing 1 4 rp,':llsve pro to put into his Majesty th e ( 'ik rth - ten more dry than that speech when in alluding to het ti tre.) e s i nseparable from civil war.--( Murmurs from th e ' o ro a l, It was consonant with the dignity of the Cham tot4latoill,°se of the most energetic language, in order that 1 - ' ris might not be it4pi t 7req 4 ' l. Y truggle at Lyons an Ya6l ea.) s ° l3 Ject of merciless congratulation (felicitations (LEFT SITTING.) 4 411 Five in F RENCH FL I ND S.—PAnts, A A . • p.toper Cents., 106 f. 15c. 1051 95e , Ih r Per Cents - 9if C. P")" C •' 4 ' 20e35c ents., 75 . Cc. • kw Actions 757)t• 1 10,4 e de N; , ples 3 931 • ‘..0c. 10e• 'll I ‘ . • 94 3 ,i 95. p nte (IT Per ( ents., I :' , lt e ;9 1 agne, Five per Cents., 3!•N 36 . 4 V 1 Y51 5 , 3 : 14 Paene, Three per Cents., 33..33%x(• Vtn e Va'lishti Loan 61 6.14 6. 1 . 7pet.'Esp4net Five per Cents., 52:50U 414;, i 'n +man, rive vePer Cents , 99%. .70f.n0@ Fqp EXCHANGE ON LONDON. r l'e " 1, Paper, 2 f 27L‘c.; money, '2sr ** *T44,.. l 7 ut h h s e , n pa ti juie:, 25f. 15c. ; money, 25f. 12;se. '1111) 1.---DEBATE IN THE CHAMBER OF PROcURADORES. :, 1 / 4 ),fiv rt „ (From the Times.) Auo. 4. fro The t i u l'' PROCURADORES, MONDAY, " ,:',,tli o gate th e r on the draught of the answer to the speech Pai r , 'eao r 6. 1) ° was resumed. e t Jed to Diet Gonzalez, a member of ohmemwititseheedait'o fh,Plairk thlttpare the draught, observed, that tot,44`',..ia.,:ce..ret.isons which had influenced the committee in words as to facts. The tt,,,') tti d :31 in the way it was, f o r, added he, the Es 14 arattee,?t attach so much value to eti of i, s .ne said, had made out the . draught in a generaland •N lateiy"'ag itself solely to the necessities of t r h e e fe c r o nn un ne tr t y n , a f n n_ S9l, aiti o 4 , v6c ling anything that might have o t !h e , I),ea-ass.a the individuals committee wh c o onfi poi nt genera:, . he it ° lit the' evils composeditsare of their country,. in conceived that to remedies t i h t n i t stheir duty to kingdom, r d 1 /ity' c3 lat th e u t heta. The committee also the best 441 ° rea rt i tri d at rau t ght in the wasmanner dfor all h u n ded pe t n o plo •tli at . h e et e public min , the suffer . wo . uld thus asx l 1r re p r esentatives, instead of t wasting time in value t 'ts 4 r, had te r , atl Iln _ . franklyt represented to the throne mem_ By this course the d litthelthe'''essities of the country. o e re I),,rornittee hoped to justify the confidence reposed elin4„e Chamber. of the patrioticfeelings ar th ° _f tit' o l a _n . tafe said that he as well as all the . oth . other mein- 1,,,,.._ e get.i-biate was fully convinced . Ire, Ned their of the Committee, c:ka "eir draught • yet, nevertheless, and that u those st feelings per - Ihel l i tte e : Ti iil a ke a , , a few animadversions upon that drau g ht. The td,,llalof B,,,toiding to the causes n wh n i . ch .e... h y ad brought t t o tl l ; (l le g i si r a ?!u, said that they v . ver got L e Rio / . ' l°ll . This expression connvieris a attributable 0 direct_ Spain .a attackhas? e x °t e Y k ° f our ancestors. The legislation 1 b in al T l e ati en. '''sAllr d only fau . lt h . as been in its ode of at at „Prov e tbl,rl attentive examination of som m e ti ori vs t4 t t " 1 , they are anything but absurd. untry to set in mo ktiarl th e ' 3 , .regenerate this fallen . co nil sar an he PriegseefCeomurtnitetwees of her aggrandizement—to rights, a n d n o d pt tn all ra t i h se e throthnse 11,1ecessary for securingsocial ane ti , and i1 t 7, 3 the monument of t of the Estamento, i o ee o b. the people, are he r union g between the t h e wishes O f , all th is J . eets of their efforts.' Senor Santafe full h y n c m on e c m urr he e r d s th es l t_e co'rab_ut,..he thought it his duty to remind t 1800nararleiteiettsee that the Spains gained, nay, recovered years ago. From the year d "teextYvheri the and rights many R rk ,._ ity of c...,..6parnards f.ound liberties,themselves they have under possessedth e t s i o a n t o tAtitte, erin,ung, for their d ist no f4 _ pe wor , , . ir,edoin such as do no thrtalen exprtinar,ridththe. Committee in t any h a vh o e t other nn from re to he In ~., is in the answer . th—: of att • • d ised for removin from the ill-a N . . wt t e o ellix the speech Prince every that b o: 4 dopr o F r agraph 4, the Committe . e alludes to t . he means , e extol, Di n g al the throne of Spain, and it is . allegedut it is 17°1 th est t_ presentdynasty demands this. Spaniards aax e , 'oterest Q t n h e e en 11, I : 41 sup port , 9f the present dynast N t t S ts the datig.hterlB the legitimrevirigyhtthoaft 1 It i s not fhq t, her Maithato Ferdinand defended, but her right , to tti, o thin__ grey.are to , be thn Isabella .nte: mi l gee s thni6a, different. The laws o c, f e the_ monarchy,_ the general ge o ; - _- : 111 ,r'e u r n a ught,--.‘ the public acli.rantap_a,ugher., The t110„,r;a1 will ,t% favour of your illustrious d ' 1 batjA 4 it migh t now e.ow nothing to do with the question, 1 5 A periods when the 1v , 4 tie Z'Vil inosreeml le y r e t a y rs tha b n ae it . now does, when there , r °_rtl v , s ;ta r ele to the manifestation of opinion, not a sing_l! ' oe °_l l e . r t , „.. el against the law of succession. It may . b , .- . :4.ltutio'lliention what was decreed on this subject during tb- I: et r di l ll. e , h ° e f ki the year I . 81 In the general Cor C es ro o w f n th n e f tea t, . , ett v,. ui Cadiz, it was decreed that the . . li e , la d e ,_ 1,.1. should descend in the direct male line ~.bu. t eatts‘, iNtriltalt,t thereof, it should descend to the fem . ale l, ti h n e ...... ivi th e , , ou th,..'t ooppesitj.on was raised against the decisio r ef , ha re,.,,P int th e utln s ikt-'Ol,, sintattres. .re, e: red to, the nation perfectly concurred i With regard to the institutions and i 4 i c li%; P9s,ed by the committee as necessary for raising up pretceetioAniwatttao retire and harmony, M. Santafe concurred e hira. e.pressed by most of the speakers who had mind, I t N", 5 important, he said, to bear in that in making a law it is not sufficient that it be just, it must be suitable to the habits of the people for whom it is made, and that those people should be prepared for it. There was, how ever, one measure of which the committee recommended the immediate adoption, viz.—the liberty to print without the pre vious inspection of the censor. The committee must pardon him if on that point he could not agree with them. l-1 was firmly persuaded that there was at that moment in Spain a party, and a considerable one, totally hostile to the liberty of printing in the manner referred to. Why call for the institu tion of the jury, after seeing the contradictory results it has produced in France, in England, and the United States, those models of the representative system ? Senor Santafe was of opinion that the draught should he sent back to the committee for amendment. " Senor Abargues observed, that in praying for the liberty of the press, the committee needed not to have borrowed ideas from foreign politicians ; the reports of the sittings of the Cortes in the Isle of Leon in the year 1812 furnish sufficient data to refer to. In that celebrated assembly the liberty of the press was vigorously defended. Among the distinguished speakers who exerted themselves in support of it were Toreno, Martinez de la Rosa, Garcia, Herreros, &c. The preceding speaker had declared, that the nation is not prepared for the liberty of the press, and he seemed to insinuate that to that li berty were attributable all the disasters which had assailed the nation since the year 1823. This was untrue ; the liberty of the press had not brought about the disasters which Spain de plored. Those disasters Lad another origin—they sprang from the Holy Alliance. That institution, whose true focus was in Paris, scattered gold with liberal hands, and employed venal writers. The Holy Alliance availed itself of its instru ments to create in Spain a party for two Chambers, and thus produced a schism among the friends of liberty, which, more than anything else, facilitated the entrance in Spain of the French army commanded by Angouleme. At that time the Holy Alliance governed Europe, and the army of France was undur its command. Now circumstances are changed. How ever, the Holy Alliance still exists and is powerful in Europe. It may be said that one-half of this part of the globe is armed against the other. That unhappy Prince who has provoked the indignation of our constituents is but a tool of the Holy Alliance, and it hoped to make him the instrument of acting over again the scenes of 1823, and to subject Spain for ever to the horrors of despotism. But when liberty has so many enemies, by what weapon can it be so well defended as by the press? " After a few words from Senor Redondo, the topic was de clared to be sufficiently discussed. Senor Lopez then, in his character of member for the committee , recapitulated the ob jections made to the address and answered them. " Long debates followed on the form of voting. It was at last decided that the divisions should be nominal, the name of each member being declared. The question that the proposed address be put to the vote entire was carried in the affirmative by 48 to 36. The approbation of the address as a whole was next carried by 49 to 35. " It was then ordered that it should be considered, para graph by paragraph, in the next sitting, and the Chamber adjourned. TUESDAY, AUG. 5 " The President informed the Chamber that they were about to proceed to the discussion, paragraph by paragraph, of the draught of the answer to the address agreed to yester day in totality. " On the first paragraph being read, " Senhor Lopez said that the committee, in deference to the views of various members of the Chamber, and more espe cially to those of the Secretaries of State, had agreed to sub stitute the words in the midst of the Cortes' and absurd administration,' in place of in the midst of the Estate' and absurd le g islation.' " Senor Martinez de la Rosa said that he 'had been mainly induced to oppose this clause, en the supposition that the committee were determined to retain the expression, absurd legislation.' But since the phrase had been varied by the substitution for it of absurd administration,' the Chamber was placed in a different position with regard to it, and one which could be better comprehended, for it would have been by no means an easy task to decide at what particular junc ture of time the legislation termed absurd had exert ised an in fluence on the decline of Spain. He wished, however, to ask the committee one question. Were absurd legislation and absurd administration the same, or different things ? If the same, where was the necessity of alteration ? If different , the n, indeed, the committee either made a mistake yesterday, or it mistakes now. Yesterday absurd legislation was the cause of the decline of Spain ; to-day it is absurd administration. So hazardous was the attempt to express by a single word general ideas ! But was it by any means certain that the de cline of Spain had been owing entirely to absurd legislation ? Spain was not the only country which possessed absurd laws. They prevailed in England, the model of an illustrious and free nation. The legal code of that country was stained with laws which reflect the barbarity of the feudal times, and two elevated individuals of that nation, both celebrated though opposed in their political principles, were at the present day reaping the highest glory by reforming it. So much for ab surd legislation. He had now a few words to say with regard to the amendment. A.id who, he asked, woul:i contend that the administration which prevailed in Spain was good ? Not, surely, the present Ministers of State, who had commenced their official functions by declaring it vicious, and insisting on the necessity of the division of powers for the purpose of re forming it—who had proposed the abolition of the old councils. which shed their benumbing influence over it—who had begun by making a division of the territory to regulate its move ments—and who propose to introduce a municipal law and to establish provincial councils, in order to bring the interests of the people in harmony with those of the Royal authority. No ! these were not the men who opposed reform in the administration, though they might insist that the decline of Spain was not solely owing to its errors. The evils which afflicted Spain flowed from a thousand causes—from an erroneous policy, followed up for nearly a century—a policy which omitted to secure the glory and independence she deserved, by profiting by the advantages the magnificent situation of Spain presented, while it allowed her to be towed after the policy of France. The evils of Spain also proceeded from the substitution of absurd laws for others which were excellent. Were the COmmittee not aware that from the last edition of the Novisima Recopilacion, two laws the most calculated to promote the happiness of the nation were torn by perfidious hands? These laws the Queen Regent would have the glory of re-establishing.. They were those laws which related to the illegality of imposing taxes without the intervention of the Cortes, and to the necessity . of calling that body together in difficult and serious emergencies. These two laws would be found in the Nueva Recopilacion, but they were omitted in the Novisima. In his opinion, the term adopted by the Committee was not very exact, though their idea might be perfectly correct, and he therefore opposed it, deeming it unwise in the Legislative body to adopt phrases which might justly be attacked. " Senor Lopez thought it was certainly entering pretty deeply into the intentions of the committee to assert that they had expressed an idea they did not really entertain. If the evils which afflicted the nation were owing solely to the ab sence of a good legislation, to whom was that absence owing ? To an absurd legislation, which, opposing itself to the hap piness and glory of the nation, plunged it into degradation and despotism. With regard to the proposed amendment,he would cay that the committee out of an excess of delicacy did not wish to allude more than generally to the legislation which had been substituted for the last, and if they had altered the phraseology by inserting the word administration' in place of ' legislation,' they had done so solely out of deference to the observation of Count de Toreno. In conclusion, he con tended that the committee did not adduce this as the only cause of the evils of Spain, but as one of those which had contri buted to the decline of the nation. " The Count de Toreno said it appeared to him that they were agreed in opinion that the evils of the country did not spring from one cause alone, but were occasioned by errors in politics, legislation, administration, Bac. The difficulty, there fore, could be got rid of by the employment of a - word which would comprehend all these, and he believed they might use with advantage the neglect of their ancient institutions,' a phrase which would embrace the whole. This amendment was agreed to. The second paragraph was also agreed to. " On the third paragraph being proposed, the Marquis de Falces wished it to be expressed, that the Estate would be disposed to co-operate, if it were judged necessary, with her Majesty, in punishing offenders. " This suggestion was adopted, and this paragraph, as well as the next, was agreed to. " On the fifth paragraph being read, " Senor Florez Estrada thought it would be right to declare that friendly relations with Foreign Powers were relative to the preservation of the independence and liberty of the nation. " Senor Martinez de la Rosa said that he should not oppose the paragraph ; if it had any fault, it was that it did Wit F o far enough. The Committee had said that the Estate viewed with complacency the turn affairs had taken in Portugal, but in his opinion they ought to have said more. He wished they had added some expressions to signifj7 that t'oe Spanish nation had efficiently contributed to that important success. He should therefore propose to add the words ' so glorious for the Spanish arms.' It was most certain that the Portuguese army had attained triumphs which reflected the highest honour on it ; yet the co-operation of the Spanish troops had neverthe less accelerated the result of the operations. It was not, therefore, in his. opinion sufficient to say that the Estate viewed the result with complacency, but it was necessary to add some expressions which should show that the cause of Portugal was not considered by them as a foreign matter, since the Government, as well as the nation, looked on it as their own cause. Even the terms relating to the amicable relations existing between her Majesty and her allies were not, in his opinion, sufficiently strong. The cause of Spain was the most just of causes, upheld by the support of the laws, the general will, and by that pledge and guarantee' of triumph—the well approved constancy of the nation. '1 he alliance which had been entered into with the two nations, influential from their power and example—who had hastened to recognize the legi timate rights of her Majesty, and had formed the treaty of the quadruple alliance—assured the ultimate triumph of the national cause ; and effectively assured it, for scarcely had the rumour of the entry of the ill-advised Prince into the country spread a e e coasts, whileis dispatches thec s abroad, than these P ow e rs hastened to m a k e th e kindest de monstrations in her favour. " theAt this very moment," is rding to d con tinued Senor M Irtine z de la l English Government Rosa,onr northerno o ern p m ro e t n ec t just directing reee nasalved GoN to forces French Government closes the gates of its frontier." " After some further discussion the paragraph was altered in accordance with the views of Senor Martinez de la Rosa. " On the 6th paragraph being read, " Senor Caballero, in the course of some observations on the distress of the country, complained that certain public works, as roads and canals, which in the official notices of the Government papers were said to be in pregress, had not been commenced. He admitted, however, that the delay was THE STN, LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 1.5, 1884. owing, not to the want of desire on the part of the GJvern ment, but the want of means. " Senor Moscoso ( Secretary for the Interior) observed, that one of the greatest benefits conferred by her Majesty on the nation had been the appointment of a Minister of the Interior, whose necessity was acknowledged, among all nations. The office her Majesty had created was denominated the Fomento General del Reino,' and would be gifted with powers calcu lated to carry into effect measures which might essentially benefit the interior of the country. On the subject of the delay of the public works, alluded to by Senor Caballero, he ( Senor Moscoso) regretted it as much as any that works of utility should be paralyzed for want of means to carry them on. In due time he would take care to call the attention of the Cortes to this subject. " After some further discussion the paragraph was agreed to as amended by the Committee. " Paragraph 7 was agreed to after a short debate. _ _ 'After which, - " Senor Zavir del Valle ( Minister of War) rose and said, that he broke silence for the first time within that august as sembly, in order to join in the just eulogium pronounced by the nation on the army, which had established so many titles to honour and glory. The whole world adrbirell the unshaken loyalty of the troops, who, from one end of the Peninsula to the other, in spite of much inconvenience, and in the face of innumerable dangers, had succeeded in destroying their ene mies wherever they ' found them. Not a place, not a spot, had failed in the fidelity which the army swore to preserve and had maintained, and the cunning schemes employed to corrupt its virtue had served no purpose. " Senor Lopez said that the committee, in drawing up the next paragraph, had kept in view the condition of the people and the charges which pressed upon them, and' had thought fit to advise a declaration, that measures of economy should be enforced, for the purpose, if possible, of relieving their lot. " The paragraph was agreed to, as proposed by the com mittee. " Senor Lopez, after some brief observations on the pro priety of the committee making the reference in the proposed address to the liberty of the press, moved that there was ground for putting the paragraph on that subject to the vote. " Senor Martinez de la Rosa observed, that the Procura dores doubtless considered this question one of the most im portant that could come before them, but it was also the most delicate.; since, whatever might be the advantages of the ab solute liberty of the press, it was the last of the rights which a nation could acquire when her institutions have acquired the necessary degree of perfection. Without attempting to decide whether the nation has reached a sufficient degree of matu rity, or to determine the degree of liberty which may be fit to be introduced, he should merely say that it was not necessary to enter on the question until the Government should exercise its initiative on the subject, or the Procuradores should think fit to exercise their right of petitioning that it be conceded by the Estatuto Real. At present, more latitude than ever has been given to the press. A further extent ought not to be asked, unless it could be shown that there exist impediments to the exposition of administrative plans and political ideas. When had works of utility been presented of which the government had disapproved ? The nation had already been the victim of this very liberty of the press, the unbridled state of which in France was causing incalculable evils to true liberty all over Europe. Our country is as yet too far behind in political education to receive this last of institutions. He thought, therefore, that the Procuradores could not venture to declare that the nation was now in a fit state for it, seeing that though during the present Ministry the greatest latitude had been allowed to the public journals, yet those that discuss political questions always controvert the principles and censure the acts of authority. It appears improper that the committee should have brought forward this question. He abstained from saying more, as the subject ought not to be touched upon until it had been duly and maturely studied. " Senor Lopez, in replying to the Secretary of State, ob served that as to the alleged evil of the liberty of the press, every one must know that abuses may be committed in all things. The man who leaves his house, and walks into the street with the view of transacting his lawful and regular busi ness, may be guilty of some excess, but he is not on that ac count to be prevented from performing acts which are proper and necessary. It will be wise in the Estate to enter with some anticipation on this subject, in order that it may after wards be considered with the deliberation which its importance requires, and the means of guarding against the evils of the li berty of the press discovered. " Senor Caballeros reminded the Ministers that they were not asked to present the plan of a law on the liberty of the press to-morrow. The only thing proposed, as the Committee had well said, was that the Procuradores should manifest their wish with respect to a political right. As to the abuse on which the secretary dwelt so much, every gift of liberty may be abused. He might abuse the right of speaking in that assembly; but the Cortes had adopted regulations for pre serving order. Besides, did not publications afford the most certain means for the punishment of their offences? It is difficult to prove words spoken, but as the proverb says, What is written remains.' All Spaniards are convinced of the good qualities of the present Ministers, but they may not have the same confidence in their successors with respect to the tolerance now granted to the press. He therefore in sisted that the paragraph should be adopted in the terms pro posed by the Committee. " Senor Gonzales ( Don Antonio—lt had been said that this was not the proper time to establish the liberty of the press, but he knew not how there could be any better time than that in which a nation was constituting itself. Her Ma jesty had laid the foundation, and desired them to raise the edifice. It was proper, then, that they should give her Ma jesty a specimen of the building materials which they thought necessary for the solidity and harmony of the structure. France and England had been referred to with arguments by Count Toreno which, by proving too much, proved nothing. It is said the present is an inconvenient time for speaking of the liberty of the press, or declaring what we want. If so, then it is an inconvenient time for assembling in Cortes. We arc told that Spain is not sufficiently advanced for the liberty of the press, but when is the time to arrive when we shall be fit for it ? Accord ing to the argument, never ; for as it is contended that it pro duces so much mischief in France and in England, of course it ought not to exist even in those countries. " Senor Vasquez said, that while so much desire was ex pressed for the liberty of the press, it would be well to think of teachir ' t the people to read. He could testify that in the provinces he represented there were places, the Alcaldes of which could neither read nor write, and who got the priests to read the official bulletin to them, in order to know whether it contained anything which they must attend to. Our busi ness, Senores, I think, is to look after the taxes, to establish schools, to bestow on the people practical, and not chimerical benefits. What is the use of the liberty of the press to those who cannot read ? " The Secretary of the Chamber argued for the liberty of the press, not only as a right, but because he considered it necessary as the guarantee of all other liberties. Whatever evils the liberty of the press might occasion, it certainly could not be said that it had produced the present state of Spain. It had not caused the insurrection of the Biscayan provinces against the Queen, nor any of the other disorders with which the country continued to be afflicted. Consider ing it the duty of the Government to grant the liberty of th e press as an indispensable guarantee, he must insist on the approbation of the paragraph in the terms proposed by the committee. " The topic was declared to be sufficiently discussed, and it was agreed that the question should be put on the parts of the paragraph separately. " The first part, beginning Estatuto Real,' 8.e., and ending the object of society will be defeated,' was agreed to • the re maining part, beginning the liberty of the press , that advanced I post,' &c., being set aside. " A short debate then arose on the admissibility of a propo sition moved by Flores Estrada, and also signed by Senor Gonzales, to the effect,—' that it is desirable the liberty of the press should soon be established amongst us, exempt from impediments.' The Secretary of State for the Interior referred to the regulations, and showed that the motion formed merely an ad dition, which might be referred to the committee which was to make the alterations to be adopted or not. Applying the present question to the second part of the paragraph, it might also be referred back to the committee to be drawn up anew. " The question whether the second part of the paragraph should be referred to the committee, as proposed, was then put and carried in the affirmative by 44 to 36. " The President intimated that the debate on the remain ing part of the address would commence to-morrow." SITTING OF WEDNESDAY, AUG. 6. " After the usual formalities of opening the Sitting, the new paragraph on the liberty of the press, as drawn up by the committee, was read. Martinez de la Rosa, Lopez, and Gon zales, were the principal speakers, but it was finally agreed to modify and adopt it in the form wished by the Government, so that the liberty of the press remains for the present in abeyance and the censorship will be continued. " The paragraph respecting the Urban Militia was adopted. " Senor Chacon proposed to change the name of the corps to National Militia.' " Count Toreno objected. He quoted the decree in which the Queen had given it the name of Urban Militia, which he thought a sufficient reason for continuing that title. " The amendment of Senor Chacun was rejected. Th e paragraph in which mention is made of equality of rights before the law of personal security and inviolability of property, received some modifications on the suggestion of the Ministers. " On the paragraph relating to the jury a long and animated discussion arose. " Senor Martinez de la Rosa and Count Toreno opposed it vehemently, and contended that the present was by no means a fit time t2,think of the establishment of such a system. It was finally posed that the paragraph should be referred back to the committee, but this proposition was negatived, and it was agreed to with considerable modifications. g , The President announced that the Chamber woald meet to-morrow to receive the amended draught for the address ; and that afterwards the Finance Minister would pr.:sent his plan on the foreign and home debt." " MADRID, Auc. 6- " The following are the heads of the Bill, or projelto de leg, to be submitted to-morrow by the Conde de Toreno, as Mi nister of Finance, to the Chamber of Deputies A r t. 1. All the foreign debt contracted at d ffercnt Pe riods, including . that arising from loans, anterior as wall as pos terior to 1823, is to be regarded as national debt. " .2. The liquidation is to be proceeded with imme liately, and during that period the payment of the interest it to be suspended. 3. The t reign debt is to be divided into debt active and debt passive. The conversion of all the debt active an 1 pas sive is to take place in the proportion of one-half. Th t inte rest of the old loans is to be paid with bowls of the pusiv debt. 4, Th e active debt is to be represented by new bonds bearing 5 per cent. interest, which will include that part of the old foreign debt comprised in the active debt. " 5. The active debt is to comprehend, first, the bonds, with interest, which the Government may issue for the future; and, secondly, the bonds referred to in the first article of this project, which directly or indirectly will partake of the interest assigned or to be assigned to the active debt. " 6. The passive debt will be composed of such of the bonds and obligations referred to in the first article as do not enter into the active debt. The bonds of the passive debt will not enjoy interest, but will be taken in payment of national property. " 7. All the bonds and engagements of the existing or actual foreign debt will be exchanged against new ones before the expiry of 18 months from the publication of the present law. The Minister of Finance will take suitable measures in order that the exchange may take place in Paris, London, and Am sterdam, within that period. After the expiration of the stipu lated interval, all the bonds not presented for conversion will be regarded as null. "8. One-half per cent. will be applied provisionally to the new bonds as a sinking fund, bearing 5 per cent. interest. " 9. The amortization will be limited to the active debt, but there will immediately be cancelled an equivalent part of the passive debt, which will be converted into active debt. " 10. The property of the Inquisition, and of certain speci fied religious establishments, is to be applied to the purposes of the present law. " 11. Those portions of the national debt which are included in treaties with foreign powers are not to be affected by the present law. _ _ SPAIN. (Extr aordinary Gazette of Madrid, Aug. 6.) (OFFICIAL.) " Late Despatches received by the Minister of War from the General in Chief of the Army of the North. " Excellency—At six o'clock this morning I undertook a chase (hgtic/a) throughout the high Amezcuas, forming to that effect three columns ; that on the right, commanded by General Espartero, explored as far as Gollano,_ where they passed the night ; tha t on the centre, under my orders,marched through the valley of Arana to Zudaire ; and the third, com manded by General Lorenzo, through Eulase to Baquedano. " This operation caused three battalions which were in ambush to retire to Arraza towards Lezaun ; and I learnt afterwards that there were nine more of these battalions on the rear of the last place to endeavour to surprise me in my march, should I undertake it in that direction. All the Generals, Chiefs, officers, and troops, which accompany me, acquit them selves to my satisfaction. " Head-quarters of Zudaire, July 30, 1834, at twelve o'clock in the night. ( Signed) " JOSE RAMON RODIL. " To his Excellency the Minister of War." IL " I yesterday informed your Excellency that nine battalions of the rebels laid in ambush at Artaza,-and in the neighbour ing mountains (Puertos) of Urra, Ga l lo na, Ba q uedano, and Zolaire. The news being confirmed I determined to leave them unmolested in their positions, giving orders to the Generals Lorenzo and Espartero that they might establish observations, the former at Baquedano, and the latter at Artaza. This move ment had the effect of bringing . out of the ambushes double forces at about eleven o'clock in the morning, in order to sur round those that formed the said observations ; and, from that moment, more of the troops engaging from both sides, we Were enabled to bring out the whole of the rebels, amounting to 5,000 men, commanded by Zumalacarreguy, which by only 2,500 under the orders of Espartero, were vanquished, cut to pieces, and dispersed; this General being efficaciously pro tected in reserve by the first brigade, the first division directed immediately by General Lorenzo, to whom I had given the necessary orders, and which he fulfilled with his accustomed punctuality. My dispositions had the object of preparing the necessary measures,. not to lose sight of the enemy in their flight through the woods, underwood, and precipices, under cover of Which they effected their flight. I expect to follow them to-morrow, in spite of the heavy rain which has fallen ever since sunset, so that the troops engaged have not had time to take their usual meals. I will forward to your Ex cellency the details of this brilliant action as soon as I have gathered the necessary particulars ; and, in the meanwhile, I must acquaint your Excellency that it reflects the highest honour upon Gen. Espartero, acid the officers and troops under him, who have fought with as much loyalty as bravery. " General head-quarters at Artaza, 31st July, 1834, at 12 o'clock at night. " JOSE RAMON RODIL. To his Excellency the Minister of War." COURT CIRCULAR. His Majesty left town about half-past seven o'clock on Wednesday evening, for Windsor Castle, attended by Sir Herbert Taylor. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the re sidence of Viscount Althorp. It was attended by the Lord Chancellor, Viscount Melbourne, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Earl of Mulgrave, Viscounts Althorp, Duncannon, and Pal merston ; Mr. Secretary Rice, Lord Auckland, the Right Hon. Charles Grant, Lord Holland, Lord John Russell, and the Right Hon. Edward Ellice, J. Abercromby, and Sir John Hobhouse. The 'Ministers remained about an hour in delibe ration. A Committee Meeting of the Lords of his Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council was held yesterday in the Council Chamber. The Lord Chancellor, the Lord President, and the Secretary of State for the Home Department were present. Prince Talleyrand visited Viscount Palmerston yesterday at the Foreign-office. Mr. Mayers, Agent for Barbadoes, transacted business yes terday at the Colonial-office. The Commander of the Forces visited Viscount Melbourne yesterday. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGEN, ARRIVALS. Colonel Vernon Graham, t a the lbio Hotel, Cocks pur-street, from Edinburgh ; Edward Littledale, A Esq., n at ditto, from Brighton Rev. H. Daniel, at ditto, from Ramsgate. DEPARTURES. Drs. Harrison, Campbell, and Stoker, from the Albion Hotel, Cockspur-street, for Dublin ; Rev. Mr. Carlisle, from ditto, for Cheltenham ; Thomas Page, Esq., from ditto, for Ely, Cambridge shire ; Sir John and Lady Caroline Wrottesley, from George-street, from Staffordshire ' • Earl and Countess of Grosvenor, from Gros venor-square, for Motcombe House, Dorset; Colonel Hamilton, for the Continent ; Lady Macdonald, ditto ; Sir Charles and Lady Blois, on a tour; Sir Lowry and Lady Frances Cole, from the Royal hotel, Jermyn-street, on a tour ; Lord and Lady Suffield, from Vernon House, for Gunton House, on a tour : Lord Grantley, from Worsersh Park, for the grouse shooting season in Scotland ; Mr. Stuart Wortley, for ditto; Viscount and Lady Lucy Clive, from Upper Brook-street, for Yowls Castle, Shropshire ; Admiral T ollemache, for v th i e sco C u o n n t t m in o e f n tu t s ; , d . t a t n o d ; Mrs. Whitbread, ci N s V ß h a i t r b i r n e g a , d E , s f q o . r , ditto ; Sir Hugh and Lak Campbell, from Upper Grosvenor sfotrredetit„tofo.r ditto ; SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSAP S. So many members have taken wing for the Moors, that there were scarcely enough present yesterday to constitute a house, so that after a trifling bet of 12 to 1 agst Bran, and another of 9 to 1 agst Shillelah, it was counted out, and adjourned till Monday next. Mr. W. Edwards has sold his 3 yr. old -colt, Intrigue, to Sir Thomas Stanley, for 600 guineas. HUNTINGDON RACES, AUGUST 14. The Huntingdon Stakes. Once round for a heat, the best of three heats. - Pollock named Sevillian 1 1 Mr. - Mr. Caldicott's The Dwarf Colonel Peel's Brother to Zone The Members' Plate of 501 Once round for a heat, the best o) three heats. G. Edwards's Dirce . 3 2 2 dr 1 1 Alr. Air. Yates's S ensitive 2 2 PLYN/OUTH andDEVONPORT RACES, AUG. 13. A Sweepstakes of 5 sous. each, and 50 added. Heats, once round. Mr. Taunton's Coronet Mr. W. Moore's . Spondee 2 2 A Gold Cup, value 100 guineas given by the King, heats, twice round, was won in two heats by Mr. W. Ley's Lansdowne, beating Mr. Wreford's Pounce, Mr. Hobson's,Cyclops, and Mr. Hayward's Terror. No second placed in the second heat. The Duke of Sussex's Plate of 501. Mile heats. Mr. Taunton's Frederica Mr. W. Lee's Partiality Produce Stakes of 25 sous. each. 5 subs. Mr. J. Taunton's b. c. by Sir Hildebrand received LETVES RACES, AUGUST 14. The Sussex Plate of 504 Heats, the New Course. Mr. Dockeray's Trickery Lord Exeter's Datura 2 2 The Ladies' Plate of 601., heats, one mile, was won easy in two heats by Mr. Grant's Famine, beating Mr. Balchin's Levity, Mr. Ricardo's Vestris, and two others. 818 URY CLUB, 1837. StcoND DAY.—Sweepstakes of 50 sovs. each, h. ft., for 3-yrs.- old. Nide and quarter. Mr. W. Ley's br. c. by Camel—Pasta ; Mr. Shard's ch. f. by Reveller—Morisca ' • Mr. Rawlinson's b. c. by Fungus — Ruby ; 'Mr. A. Berk e l ey ' s Grapeskin, by Chateau Margaux. FORGED BANK NOTES ABROAD.-FOr Some time past the French authorities have instituted the most rigid inquiries, and adopted every means in their power to check the circulation of forged Bank of England notes, which has lately been carried on to a very serious extent in different parts of the French territory. • Serious injury has in many cases resulted to individuals who have been so unfortunate as to take any of these notes. It is supposed that a portion of the gang of villains known in London by the name of the " swell mob," findi ng t h a t, th ro ugh the vigilance of the new police , their ordinary plans of plunder were completely frustrated in this country, have resorted to the expedient above allude d to— viz., the passing of forged notes on the Continent ; and, as they are all connec t e d with fabricators of base coin and not es of every description, they found no difficulty in obtaining good impressi ons o f f orge d no tes, and which they succeeded, without any trouble, i n getting rid of at Calais, Boulog ne, Havre, Ostend, and other towns, and from then ce the y were soon rapidly circulated into the interior of the French territory. These notes have likewise been circulated in Holland and Bel glum ; and English travellers on the Continent should be very careful in observing, if they take notes, whether they are genuine or not. LIVERPOOL COTTON-MARKET, WFDNE SDA Y , AUG. continue to have a moderate demand for cot ton.bats To-day's sales are 2,000 bas Boweds, at B d. to 91d. ; Orleans, at Bd. to 10d. ; Mobiles, Bd. to ad. ; Ptrnams, 13d. ; Swats, 6-Id., and Egyptians at 16d. per lb. LITERATURE . - SIMPSON'S ANATOMY, T r olv. I. and 11. LONDON, 1834. We have read this woakarall..cow4derable attention, and have seldom met with any pi:ofessedly:scientific one, which displayed more patient, laborious investi gation, or imparted its results in a clearer, simpler, or more unembarrassed manner. Mr. Simpson, the author, has treated of the human figure with all the taste and spirit of the artist, combined with the " learned lore" of the anatomist. He seems to have a laudable horror of dealing with eloquent generalities, indulging us, instead, with the minutest , and most copious details. From his researches, and the happy faculty he possesses, of bringing out all his subject matter into broad daylight, his work will be an exceed ingly acceptable one to young artists, whose opportu nities of studying the anatomy or the male and female figure may be limited, and who desire to meet with the greatest amount of knowledge, packed up in the smallest possible compass. Justly observes Mr. Simp son—" The author, to make this work the most useful of its kind, has consulted the best anatomists, eminent for their accuracy and skill. He has endeavOured, throughout the whole, to avoid a too frequent use of technical descriptions, which often give an idea of more erudition than is really possessed by many writers ; at the same time he has consulted every part of his subject, which may impress the value and necessity of the study. Great care has therefore been taken, in selecting the drawings requisite, to eluci date the letter-press ; and the witole has been studi ously simplified, without being, it is hoped, thereby rendered the less instructive and interesting." Simpli city is, indeed, the main characteristic of this book— simplicity, not less of arrangement than of style, which is one of the surest tests of a full, harmonious, well balanced intellect. In addition to his skilful analytical details of the sites and uses of the various nerves, bones, muscles, sinews, &c., which go to make up that " wonder of the creation" the human form, Mr. Simpson has given a variety of lithographic illustra tions, each of which is finished with a care and skill at must be obvious even to an unpractised eye. In his second volume, he confines himself exciusivelyto the consideration of the " Human Muscles," and intro.. duces this branch of his subject with some pertinent prefatory speculations on the amount of knowledge that the ancient sculptors possessed of anatomy. " Whether their figures," says Mr. Simpson, " be colossal or reduced, the same admirable proportions exist, in all the varieties of form and position. The powers of imitation, however great, could not have accomplished this." Assuredly not. It is only neces sary to inspect the Apollo Belvidere and the Farnese Hercules, to perceive at a glance, that those who achieved these triumphs of art, were at least as emi nent for their anatomical knowledge, as they were for consummate taste, and powers of conception. THE LAW MAGAZINE FOR AUGUST, 1834. SAUNDERS AND BENNING. A Law Magazine holds out few attractions to the public, upon the same principle that, however willing people may be to avail themselves of the surgeon's aid when needed, they seldom show much inclination to pry into the unsavoury mysteries of the dissecting room. The legal editor seems by some means to have arrived at a consciousness of this fact, and has accord ingly flung out two tempting baits for the general reader in the shape of an article on the " Life of Lord Keeper Coventry," drawn from a Sloane manuscript in the British Museum, and in a yet more interesting notice of the " Forensic Eloquence of America." The life of Lord Coventry presents a notable in stance of a prudent, selfish man, who upon all occa sions makes his interest his sole rule of conduct, never by any accident is betrayed into a good action to his own disadvantage, and creeps at last into the grave with the reputation of a better man. Even his mar riages, for he was twice married, show more of the speculator than the lover. First he contrived to ally himself with a wealthy Worcestershire family, marry ing Sarah, the sister of Sir Edward Sebright, of Bes ford in that county, and, upon her death he wooed and won the widow of a rich citizen. It may be pre sumed the wealth, thus acquired, assisted him in his promotion through the several offices of Recorder, Solicitor-General, and Lord Keeper, all of which he obtained with more than usual rapidity. As a matter of course Clarendon has eulogized so staunch a friend to royalty, and his opinion has been reechoed in the present day without inquiry, though it is perfectly notorious that the Koran would be almost as good evidence for any fact as - the history of the turncoat Chancellor. We have only to keep our eyes steadily fixed on certain undenied and undeniable points in Lord Coventry's life to enable us to determine safely on the character of the man ; he concurred in the brutal sentence pronounced by his brethren of the Star-Chamber against Prynne, Bastwick, and Burton, for libels on the hierarchy, in 1637 ; he was a party to the iniquitous decision against Colonel Lilburne in the same court ; be was one of those who imposed a fine of 10,0001. upon his predecessor, Bishop Williams, with scarcely the shadow of a pretext, and then drivelled out a maudlin song of sorrow, which only serves to prove that he abetted injustice with a full conscious , ness of the wrong, and that he wanted firmness to be honest, with peril to his own narrow selfish interests. He too it was that delivered those memorable speeches of the absurd tyrant, Charles, wherein he tells the Commons,— " If we consider aright, and think of that incomparable dis tance between the supreme height and mljcsty of a mighty Monarch, and the submissive awe and lowliness of loyal sub jects, we cannot but receive exceeding comfort and content ment in the frame and constitution of this highest court, wherein not only the prelates, nobles, and grandees, but the commoners of all degrees, have their part ; and wherein that high majesty doth descend to admit, or rather to invite, the humblest of his subjects to conference and counsel with him of the great, weighty, and difficult affairs of the king and king dom." And again, " This way" (of a parliamentary supply), said he, " as his Majesty hath told you, he hath chosen, not as the only way, but as most agreeable to the goodness of his own most gracious disposition, and to the desire and weal of his people. If this be deferred, necessity and the sword of the enemy will make way for the others. Remember his Ma jesty's admonition ; I say, remember it I And so resolve of your supplies that they maybe timely and suffi cient, sorting the occasion ; your counsel, your aid, all are but lost, if your aid be too little or too la te ; and his Majesty is resolved that his affairs cannot permit him to expect it over long."—P. 41. The essay on " The Forensic Eloquence of Ame rica," is not quite so comprehensive as its title wou seem to imply, being confined solely to Mr. Webster, who, however, is reputed the most eloquent and the most talented of the American pleaders. It is written in a spirit of liberal and even kindly feeling, which, we regret to say, is exceedingly rare in the authors of either country when writing of the other. With us it sel dom happens that those who are eminent at the bar can maintain their reputation in the senate, a plain proof that there must be some material difference in the requisites for political and forensic oratory, as prac tised in Westminster and St. Stephens. However this may be with the Americans, Mr. Webster is as celebrated in Congress as in the courts ; and, from the specimens cited by the reviewer, it must be allowed that. his eulogists have not gone beyond his merits. Extracts, and those of necessity brief, will hardly do justice to his powers, but even in these the attentive and discriminating reader will easily perceive the pre sence of no ordinary talent. We shall begin with gleaning from a speech made by him in a case of mur- der, wherein he was retained by the Governinent against the prisoners " The assassin enters through the window, already prepared, into an unoccupied apartment ; with no:seless foot he paces the lonely hall, half lighted by the moon ; he winds up the ascent of the stairs, and reaches the door of the chamber ; cf this he moves the lock, by soft and continued pressure, till it turns on its hinges, and he enters and beholds his victim before him. The room was uncommonly open to the admission of light. The face of the innocent steeper was turned from the mur derer, and the beams of the moon, resting on the grey locks of his aged temple, showed him where to strike. The fatal blow is given ! and the victim passes, without a struggle or a motion, from the repose of sleep to the repose of death It is the assassin's purpose to make sure work, and he yet plies the dagger, though it was obvious that life had been destroyed by the blow of the bludgeon. He even raises the aged arm, that he may not fail in his aim at the heart, and replaces it again over the wounds of the poniard ! To finish the picture, he explores the wrist for the pulse ! he feels it, and ascertains that it beats no longer I It is accomplished. The deed is done. He retreats, retraces his stops to the window, passes out through it as he came in, and escapes. He has done the murder—no eye has seen him, no ear has heard him. The secret is his own, and it is safe ! Ah gentlemen, that was a dreadful mistake. Such a secret can be safe nowhere. The whole creation of God has neither nook nor corner, where the guilty can bestow it, and say it is safe. Not to speak of that eye which glances through all disguises, and beholds every thing as in the splendour of noon,—such secrets of guilt are never safe from detection, even by men—the guilty soul cannot keep its own secret. It is false to itself ; or rather it feels an irresistible impulse of conscience to be true to itself. It labours under its guilty possession, and knows not what to do with it. The human heart was not made for the residence of such an inhabitant. It finds itself preyed on by a torment, which it does not acknow ledge to God nor man. A vulture is devouring it, and it can ask no sympathy or assistance, either from heaven or earth. The secret which the murderer possesses soon comes to pos sess him ; and, like the evil spirit of which we read, it over comes him, and leads him, whithersoever it will. He feels it beating at his heart, rising to his throat, and demanding dis closure. * * * * It must be confessed, it will be con fessed, there is no refuge from confession but suicide, and sui cide is confession."—P. 113. Surely this striking picture of crime and of its consequences, is the work of a consummate artist. Not less beautiful, though as different in its style as in its subject, is the following fragment, that displays the tremendous powers of machinery, till we almost fancy we hear and see the motion of a thousand wheels and levers, revolving, rolling, whizzing—more akin to the mighty and mysterious agency of the volcano, than the action of a living thing : " Machinery is made to perform what has formerly been the toil of human hands, to an extent that astonishes the most san guine, with a degree of power to which no number of human arms is equal, and with such precision and exactness as almost to suggest the notion of reason and intelligence in the ma chines themselves. Every natural agent is put unrelentingly to the task. The winds work, the waters work, the elasticity of metals works ; gravity is solicited into a thousand new forms of action ; levers are multiplied upon levers ; wheels revolve on the peripheries of other wheels ; the saw and the plane are tortured into an accommodation to new uses, and last of all, with inimitable power, and with whirlwind sound,' comes the potent agency of steam. In comparison with the past, what centuries of improvement has this single agent comprised in the short compass of fifty years ! Everywhere practicable, everywhere efficient, it has an arm a thousand times stronger than that of Hercules, and to which human ingenuity is capa ble of fitting a thousand times as many hands as belonged to Briareus. Steam is found in triumphant operation on the sem, and under the influence of its strong propulsion, the gallant ship .‘ Against the wind, against the tide, S:i11 steadies, with an upright keel." It is on the rivers, and the boatman may repose on his oars ; it is in highways, and begins to exert itself along the courses of land conveyance; it is at the bottom of mines, a thousand feet below the earth's surface ; it is in the mill, and in the workshops of the trades. It rows, it pumps, it excavates, it carries, it draws, it lifts, it hammers, it spins, it weaves, it prints. It seems to say to men, at least to the class of artizans, Leave off your manual labour, give over your bodily toil ; bestow but your skill and reason to the directing of my power, and I will bear the toil, with no muscle to grow weary, no nerve to relax, no breast to feel faintness.' What further im provements may still be made in the use of this astonishing power, it is impossible to know, and it were vain to conjecture. What we do know is, that it has most essentially altered the face of affairs, and that no visible limit yet appears beyond which its progress is seen to be impossible. If its power were now to be annihilated, if we were to miss it on the water, and in the mills, it would seem as if we were going back to rude ages."— P. 15 I . Mr. Webster is, as every sensible manAnust be, a warm advocate for general education ; he justly main tains that it is the bounden duty of every Government to provide for the instruction of all its youth, and declares that a tax for this purpose should be equally levied on those who have, and those who have not children. Unquestionably he is right, for as 'every individual receives his portion of the benefit accruing from the good order of society, so every one should contribute his quota to the maintenance of whatever most promotes it. All are equally concerned that the public, of which they form a part, should be sober, virtuous, honest, and industrious ; and does not know ledge tend, more than any other cause, to these desir able effects ? Is not education, what Webster so hap pily terms it, a wise and liberal system of police, by which property, and life, and the peace of society are secured ? There are some, indeed, so false to their own better knowledge, or so besotted by their preju dices, as to maintain that education produces discon tent—but discontent with what ? Not with law, but with oppression,—not with labour, but with famine, or, what is worse than absolute starvation, with that last degree of poverty, which only supplies the means of suffering, and tantalizes with existence. Nothing can be more essentially absurd, both in theory and practice, than the doctrine that the peasant will be less a peasant because the leisure hours of his boyhood have been spent in a free school,—as if writing and reading were a sort of black art magic, which must of necessity raise up in the human breast the fiend of revolution. Ignorance is only another name for bondage. In Article 111., and it is the last we have space to notice, is a clever piece of special pleading, the object of which is to 'show that the Judges should decide upon the law, and the Jury upon the fact. The best, in deed the only, excuse the author can find for this is the Jury's utter ignorance of law ; and yet the same plea would by no means avail a man, who should offend against the enormous mass of our statutes. Ignorance of the law excuses no offence against the law, though, ac cording to this doctrine, it is a very sufficient cause for stripping a Jury of one half of its power. Surely, if the law chooses to suppose a man's knowledge in the one case, it is equally bound to do so in the other ; it cannot with any show of justice presume the same in dividual ignorant as a juryman, and enlightened the moment he quits the jury-box. But law is the perfec tion of human reason ; and, with this undeniable maxim, we leave the matter for the present, wishing only that some kind hand would realize the fable of the Sybil's books with our statutes ; to burn three-fourths of our laws would considerably enhance the value of the remainder, besides that it would leave an open space for the ingenuity of the Lords and Commons, who Ere so busily employed every session in heaping Pelion upon Ossa, to the infinite dismay and prejudice • of his Majesty's good and faithful subjects. .d Some of our readers will recollect the disturbances which took place at Oldham in April last, at the instigation of the Trades' Union. Mr. Thompson, the proprietor of Bankside mill, which the rioters wantonly destroyed, very nar rowly escaped with his life on that occasion. The particulars have never been narrated, but the present occurrences at Derby render them of greater interest, as tendin g to show the feel ings by which the " Unions" are actuated. Mr. Thompson, on the morning after his mill had been destroyed, was walking from the back door of his house to another part of the pre mises, when he was alarmed by a sudden cry en. from He his wife, who pointed at a hedge on one side of the gard looked towards it, and there saw a man taking steady aim at him with a pistol. He crouched down and escaped unhurt, but had it not been for the alarm given by his wife he must have lost hi s life. In the alarm and confusion consequent upon such an occurrence the villain effected his escape. There appears no doubt but that this wretch was hired for the purpose of assas sinating Mr. Thompson, as he was recognized by that gentle man to be one of the union men.—Morning Paper. Accounts have been received from Persia, which state that the son of the late Prince Royal, Abbas Mirza, is adopted as the successor of his grandfather, the reigning monarch. This settlement is deemed favourable to the best interests of Persia as well as of England, especially as in trigues existed, to prefer another Prince of the: family, with whom the case might have been otherwise.