The Sun. — London, England, 1861-10-08 00:00:00

IVALTA AND ALEXANDRIA TELE- GRAPH. Another great and important work has been ac complished, and it is satisfactory to know that so far success seems to have favoured the carrying out of the Malta and Alexandria Telegraph. Taking into consideration the failures that have attended the permanent working of long submarine telegraphs laid in deep water, we must guard our selves from being too sanguine in this instance ; but let us hope, from the extra precautions taken both in designing, making, and testing this cable, that former causes of failure have been guarded against, and that previous experience has been fully brought to bear in this instance—the result of which, we hope. will be to restore confidence in similar undertakings. This is but the second instance in which her Ma jesty's Government have ventured to expend pub lic money upon undertakings of the kind. The first case was the temporary line laid for war pur poses from Varna to the Crimea, and although its existence was short it did good service, and tended in a great Treasure to shorten the duration of the war, and thereby saved the country much treasure and many valuable lives. Much experience has since been gained both scientifically and practically, and therefore it is natural to expect that this second venture of the Government will not be less remunerative than the first. • The public at large are, perhaps, not aware that this cable, which has been laid between Malta and Alexandria, was originally designed and intended to be laid from Falmouth to Gibraltar ; in fact, its destination was not altered until many miles of the cable was manufactured. For reasons best known to the Government, it was subsequently determined to lay the cable from Rangoon to Singapore, and the whole length was made with that end in view, and some of it was actually shipped for that desti nation ; it was only at the commencement of this year that a final decision was come to, and orders given to lay the line from Malta to Alexandria. Deep-sea lines were then out of favour, owing to the difficulties that had occurred in repairing faults in deep water; it was therefore determined to lay this line on the principle of a shallow water line. To carry this into effect, orders were immediately sent from the Admiralty to the Commander-in-Chief in the Mediterranean to despatch two surveying vessels to take detailed soundings of the proposed course for the cable. Capt. Spratt, C. 8., of her Majesty's ship Hedina, and Commander Mandell, of her Majesty's ship Firefly, were selected for that purpose, and com menced their labours as early as February last. These duties proved long and arduous, the season of the year being about the worst in the Mediter ranean, and the scene of their operations was on a coast but little known, exposed to nearly every wind that blew, and almost devoid of good anchor ages or harbours ; in fact, the Firefly had been but three days at work on the coast, near Alexandria, when a gale from the south-east blew so strong that she was forcibly taken possession of and blown off to Malta. The Firefly, having other important duties to perform on the coast of Syria, was kept on this service but a short time. It is therefore due to Capt. Spratt and the officers of the Medina that they should have the lion's share of the credit of the admirable soundings and corrections of the sur vey of the coast that were made previous to the lay ing of this cable. The result of these soundings proved that the bot tom of the sea along the coast of Africa for several hundred miles—in fact, as far as Benghazi —was most irregular, and in places rocky and dangerous, and very unlike all preconceived ideas of that coast. It became absolutely necessary to work with the greatest caution, and therefore Capt. Spratt devoted the best part of his time and attention to this por tion of the route, the value of which was felt when the time arrived for laying the cable in this locality, This cable, owing to the different changes of destination, has up to this time been two years and a half in hand ; but it was stipulated by the Govern ment engineers, in drawing up their specification, that it should at all times, both at the manufactory and on board ship, be kept constantly immersed in water, and frequently tested in that way, it will be seen that the period occupied in bringing it to maturity has not been detrimental to it. On the contrary, considering it has been from early infancy kept in its native element, it is to be presumed that, had inherent defects in the gutta percha existed, they would in all probability have shown them selves in that time, as the tests applied during manu facture are much more searching and trying to a cable than those applied afterwards, and are more likely to find out its defects and•weak points, if any, than ten years of constant work in the despatch of messages. The vital part of this cable—viz., the gutta percha-covered conductor, technically called the core—was contracted for, and supplied to the Go vernment, by the Gutta Percha Company, to whom too much credit cannot be given for the manner in which they performed their work. No exertion or expense was spared on their part to secure perfect workmanship. The contractors for the covering and laying of the cable are Messrs. Glass, Elliot, and Co., the well-known submarine telegraph cable manufacturers, of Greenwich. The first portion of this cable left England on board the steamship Malacca last May, and on the 28th of that month the laying of it was commenced at Malta. The direct distance from Malta to Alexandria is about 850 nautical miles ; but, as it was considered desirable to lay this as a coast line, it was taken direct from Malta to Tripoli, and thence round the coast to Benghazi and Alexandria, a distance of about 1,300 miles. It was also very desirable to divide this long length of cable into three sections, and therefore Tripoli and Benghazi were chosen as the most suitable localities for stations—in fact, they are almost the only places along that coast where they could be established. The first portion of the line laid was the section from Malta to Tripoli. The end of the cable was landed in Marsa Scirocco harbour (at the east end of the island of Malta) on the afternoon of the 27th, and about midnight her Majesty's ship Medina, commanded by Capt. Spratt, C. 8., and accompanied by her Majesty's ship Scourge, Commander Jones, got under way, to guide the paying -out vessel over the course laid out by Mr. Forde, the Government engineer. The onlykleep water to be traversed in the whole of this line was that portion nearest Malta. The Scourge was, therefore, ordered by Capt. Spratt to proceed in advance and take up a certain position, about 70 miles from Malta, where the line first strikes the shallow water on the Lam padusa-batk. All that night the paying out of the cable proceeded with the utmost regularity; in fact, like clockwork, and the deepest water, •1;0 fathoms, was passed over with as tea case as if the cable was being laid a cr u ls n t t h h e e' river 'Thames at Green wich. Soon after same day (May 28), the Scourge was sighted right ahead provinr , the accu traversed the pre-arranged racy with which the ship s course. The soundings displ ayed a I, signal from the Scourge, compared with the distance run and her observed position at noon, denoted that the right on ship was in the right Place; and thi s positi was so well defined that it was deemed prudent to de viate a little from the course in the form of the letter S, so that in case of future repairs the cable m i g ht be grapnclled for and, with plenty of slack, easily brought to the surface. From this position to Tripoli the cable only p assed from GO to 100 fathoms. Th e over depths varying dragbehind the ship becoming * mach less, she soon began to pass her leader, although her pace did not exceed six knots For hour. This speed, although not great, proved too much for the old Medina, who was soon seen fast dropping astern, occasionally fly ing the signal, " Will you follow me ?'' However, it appeared by the report of the chief engineer of the Malacca that her speed could not be reduced without coming to a standstill, which latter might have proved fatal to the cable. The Medina was, therefore, obliged to light up another boiler or two, and send the Scourge ahead to try and keep the Malacca as much in check as possible. It *as, however, noon the following day before the Medina joined company, and, by the (lint of shaping a shorter course , once more drew ahead, and I led the wily t r * insiphuit ly_ into Tripoli, where the I expedition arrived about 8 p.m. of the '2oth of May, paying out about 230 miles of cable in 43 hours, equal to a rate of 5 miles per hour. This was done without a check of any sort or kind, or even with out a kink, or anything in the shape cf a misad venture which previous submarine ca: cs had been so liable to. The Scourge did good service on this occasion, as she was sufficiently fast to proceed ahead and mark and buoy fixed positions. Two days were spent at Tripoli making the land connexions and giving time to the engineers and electricians to satisfy themselves that the cable was good and in thorough working order. The Malacca brought from England 518 miles or knots of cable ; 230 were expended, leaving 288 yet to be laid ; but to reach the next station, Benghazi, r equired upwards of 500 miles of cable. It was therefore only possible in this trip to lay a portion of the section. About 1 o'clock a.m., after the pre-arranged sig nal was made from the Malacca, the lights of the Medina and Scourge were seen steadily to draw ahead and take up their respective positions, by which time the Malacca's anchor was up and a second fair start made. On both occasions it hap pened that operations were commenced at night, but so perfect was the machinery, and so well trained were the hands employed in the execution of the work, that not the slightest inconvenience occurred. Once a start was made, all went merry as a mar riage bell. During the night, as well as the day, watch after watch was kept both by the representatives of the contractors and the Government engineer and his staff. • At night nothing was seen but the Medina's two lights at the peak, faithfully followed by the cable; the light of the Scourge on the starboard or port beam, or wherever she was most required; and a brilliant illumination on board the Malacca, lighting up the paying-out machinery and all parts of the ship. In the stillness of night on board the cable ship almost the only noise heard was the constant buzz of the cable steadily rising, coil after coil, out of the hold, and proceeding on its way along the ship until caught and kept in check by the paying-out apparatus. This at last becomes monotonous, with brakes all eased, when suddenly the revolutions of the drum begin to quicken, and from 25 revolutions per minute, 36 revolutions are reported to the engi neer on watch—evident signs that the Medina had strayed from her course in the darkness of the night —a gradual strain is brought to bear, the ship re ceives orders to go inside the Medina's course, and soon after, and some time before the Medina is seen to stop, take a sounding, and take the hint heiself and proceed into shallower water. Daylight at last comes, and then all positions are clearly seen. We are now passing along a coast once famous, but in times long gone by. The ruins of Lebidah or Leptis Magna are passed about 3 p.m., and from time to time ancient remains of cities famous in classic times are seen, but now scarcely an Arab inhabits these shores ; at least no signs of native boats could be discovered. At 4 o'clock in the morning of 3d June the Ma lacca signals to the Medina that at the end of three hours she will be at the end of her tether ; where upon it becomes the duty of Capt. Spratt to lead her into a suitable depth and position to buoy the end. This is done before 8 o'clock. A buoy is dropped to mark the site ; bearings and observations taken. The Malacca soon after returns to Malta; the Me dina to proceed to take more soundings previous to the arrival of the next ship ; and the Scourge, with a portion of the Government staff, instruments, and other materials, to Benghazi, to be landed there. The time occupied in laying this portion was 55 hours, giving a similar average per hour as that between Malta and Tripoli. Thus during 98 hours occupied in paying out 518 miles of cable were successfully laid at the bottom of the sea. This, however, was considered the easy portion of the work; the difficulties, according to Captain Spratt and his soundings, were yet to come. As it has been before mentioned, the uneven and rocky bottom lay west of Alexandria ; in some places a mile one way or the other would take you either into a few fathoms or into nearly a thousand. Nevertheless it was determined to stick to the shal low water principle first laid down and acted upon. To accomplish this more detailed soundings and connections of the coast on a large scale had to be prepared, and, in additions to her Majesty's ships Medina and Scourge, the Mohawk gunboat was ordered by the Commander-in-Chief, Vice-Admiral Sir W. Martin, K.C.8., to accompany the expedi tion. This was a liberal and wise policy, and much praise is due to the Commander-in-Chief for adopt ing it. About the Ist of July the Rangoon, a sister ship of the Malacca, and built purposely for this cable, arrived at Alexandria with Mr. Forde, the Govern ment engineer, and his staff, and Mr. Canning, the engineer of the contractors, with his assistants. The Medina, Scourge, and Mohawk had previ ously arrived. The weather was then a little un settled, and it was not until the sth of July that the sea was sufficiently smooth to admit of the landing of the shore end. This was accomplished in the New Port, and about 8 in the evening the end was introduced into the cable-house by Mr. Colquhoun, her Majesty's Con sul-General in Egypt. At daylight the next morning the ships got under way, and continued on their course until 3 p.m., having paid out 67 knots of cable. At this place all came to anchor for the night, as ships and all might be risked by undue haste by proceeding in the dark. On the 7th, at daylight, blue peters were seen flying from each masthead, and all hands were busy raising their respective anchors. The Mohawk got off first, and took a good lead, to do as she had done on the previous occasion —viz., lay down buoys in fixed positions. These were strictly followed by the Medina, who proceeded ahead to point them out to the cable-ship. The Scourge took up a position about two cables' length abeam of the Rangoon, sounding at intervals, and giving the engineers the benefit of her informa tion, which was most important, as many miles of cable, weighing as much as seven tons to the mile, had to be laid on the most uneven bottom along this course. The Scourge had also to pick up all buoys previ ously placed by the Mohawk. She had, therefore, like the other ships, no idle time. Eleven hours were occupied this day in payingout 48 knots of cable, or at the rate of about 4 knots per hour. At 7 p.m. all ships were again at ancLor. On the Bth the bottom was so irregular and in tricate there were on ly 2:: knots of cable paid out but more buoys laid down than on previous occasions. On the 9th 33 knots of cable were laid. On the 10th, during the whole of which day cable weighing seven tons per knot was being paid out, 45 knots were laid. Oa the 11th of July, after 12 hours' work, and paying out 62 knots of cable, the Rangoon per formed her duty by discharging the last of her cargo, the end of which was carefully sealed and dropped in a well-known position. The Rangoon and Malacca have since made second trips, carrying the remaining portion of the cable. On the 15th of September the former left Malta, and proceeded to the buoyed end of the Alelandria cable, and completed that section to Benghazi on the 23d. The Malacca joined the expedition at Benghazi, and proceeded on the 25th to the buoyed end of the Tripoli cable, and, notwithstanding that the buoy got adrift, and the cable had to be dredged for, this section was completed to Benghazi on the afternoon of the 28th September, the cud being landed the same evening under a Royal salute of 21 guns to do honour to the completion of a great undertaking. On this occasion the Scourge being employed on other important duties, her place was filled by her Majesty's gunboat Assurance, under the command of Lieut. Seward. It is an interesting fact to know that this line, owing to its peculiar construction and more than usual perfect workmanship, tests far better than any other previously laid cable, and the amount of battery power used in the transmission of messages h as b eez i rolueed to a miviumn ; for ingunce, Ulu THE SUN, LOND'ON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBEL R, 8, 1861. Malta and Tripoli section, 2 30 m.11e3 long, is v forked practically with only three cells, .and that a t the rate of 25 or 30 words a minute 3 in fact, as' f a4 t, as a clerk can send signals. No line previously laid had (Ivey before had the course so well sounded and surveyed., T h i s i s a most important item in securin g succe,ss, especially if repairs should ever become n :cesf.gary, and there is no doubt it has been laid w' A less strain and has received fairer play in e ,very way than any , other. The tests from the commev_moment of the li ne t o `.; delicate and sr :arc hi ng the finish were of the mos kind that science and yeevious experienc e pointed out; and, above all things, this cable was not only constantly kept s'abmerged during tb a process of manufacture, but; was actually carr'.ed out under water, so that if faults did occur they were sure to be detected before passing intr.) the sea. In fact, on this occasion it appeared but a matter of form having engineers and electr'xians on board, so well and so perfectly did all things work together. Once the ships were started they were never stopped on account of defects i n the cable. Let us hope that Pais important work is the com mencement of a new era as regards telegraphs, and that her Majest,y's Government will have the credit of resuscitating. such a wonderful and useful agent as the submar'lne electric telegraph. THE CIVIL WAR IN AIIIERTCA. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, Sm. 19. There has been a considerable outcry in the North in reference to the means whereby several States have been what is called " forced out of the Union." But it is iaot to be expected that in the struggle for States between the Confederation and the United Stater, some acts should net be com mitted by the latter which have very much the look of " forcing them not to go out of the Union." The practice of calling things by their right names, though morally commendable, is socially disagree able, and, in certain conditions of affairs, it ren ders a man liable to be considered as " a nuisance" by one side or the other. But I shall proceed, nevertheless, to make some remarks on the state of Maryland, based on a previous visit before the coup d'etat of the Government at Washington had extinguished the Legislature. All the troubles in this State may be said to have commenced with the lawless outrages of the Baltimore mob always of evil repute on the Volunteer regiments passing to Washington from New York and Massachusetts, in obedience to the summons of the President. It is contended by the Marylanders that the case should have been treated as an ordinary riot, but the sympathies of so many of the people were clearly with the Confederate States that an act which, in peaceful times might have been dealt with by the tribunals, assumed an aspect of grave political importance, and indicated such a serious disaffection to the North that it af forded the Government when it was strong enough fair grounds for occupying Baltimore with troops, overturning the civil power, and ruling the State by martial law, which, however, they have not, as yet, formally proclaimed. The leading men in the State were understood to be friendly to the South, a large portion of the press advocated Southern views, and the authorities were actuated by similar opinions. In the name of States rights they received nearly all the Acts of the Southern Confederacy as justifiable in the abstract, though they may have dissented from the expediency of their extreme measures. Had the authorities of Baltimore, how ever, shown vigour and decision in punishing the offenders, in hunting them out, and in securing the peace of the city at once, it would have been diffi cult for the Government to have found any excuse for the manner in which they acted, until circum stances had proved that it would not be safe to leave Maryland in a condition which would have led to her withdrawal from the Union. But their mea sures, if any, were lukewarm. It could not be tole rated that the rabble of a city should be allowed to oppose the passage of the troops summoned by the Federal Government. Those who permitted such proceedings were so far responsible for them that if they could not punish and prevent them they could not blame the Government for supplementing their want of power. It is said that the President promised he would not send anymore troops through Baltimore, but military exigencies are imperative, and General Scott, on that point, must have been master of the situation. Here, in fact, was one of those instances in which State rights doctrines must be completely annihilated when brought in contact with the necessities of the Federal Government. That which could not he done in South Carolina for lack of force was done in Maryland by means of force. There was little temporizing or negotiating. Troops were at once poured in ; the best points were occupied; General Banks was appointed. The State was held in an iron grasp; notorious sympathizers were arrested, habeas corpus was suspended, the re turn to the writ of the judges showed the people what they had to expect, the Police Commissioners Board was dissolved, the Marshal was arrested, the Federai General in command appointed a citizen of Baltimore in his stead, and men who are, it is said, persons well-known to the old police and of indif ferent local reputations, were substituted for the old police, and proceeded without either uniform or the exhibition of warrant or authority to search houses, to seize upon persons and to institute a rigorous system of surveillance extending itself to the colours of children's dresses and the trimmings of ladies' gowns and the neckties of passers-by in the streets. The Legislature of the State condemned the early steps of the Government, and in a well-written and a very able report, which was adopted by the large majority of both houses, denounced the suppression of the Police Board and the usurpation of the civil power by the military as illegal and unconstitu tional. Perhaps they had the best of the argument, quoad premisses and conclusion. On a Vauxhall masquerade night, long ago, I heard a controversy between a gentleman attired as Charles 11. and a person who had, by the exercise of some city influ ence, obtained the loan of the Lord Mayor's suit of armour, in which his knight is dressed—the unmis takable brass habiliments of our annual Feast of Chivalry. The dispute was about a seat in an arbour and the payment of certain moneys for creature comforts ; and Charles 11., wise and NI itty, had suc ceeded in showing his antagonist he was completely in the wrong on every point in hypothesis and in fact, when the knight, suddenly lowering his vizor and exclaiming, " Now, then, take that !" struck out with his left, and, hitting the successful contro versialist between the eyes, wrested victory from his grasp, and walked away with it. The satisfac tion of being right, no doubt, is something, but in the present instance there are millions of people in the United States who will not give the vanquished of Maryland such a melancholy consolation. But they persisted in flair course. 'They cried aloud, " Why do you treat us as if we were enemies ? We are still part of the Union. We are not out of it." To which the Government replied, in effect, " We regard you as people who would be open enemies if you could, and who would go out of the Union if you had the means. Hence, Millenry and Lafayette ! We are determined not to let you go out of the Union, and to prevent your passing any resalution to that effect." Some days ago I heard that the members of the Legislature hostile to Government would be arrested before the session opened at Frederic, and on Monday it was announced that 22 of the most prominent men in the State and in the city of Baltimore had been taken prisoners on the authority of warrants from Washington. Some of those gentlemen pro bably expected that such would he the ease, but only one or two succeeded in keeping out of the way. Still, I thought the Legislature would meet, but I am now informed there is no possibility of obtaining a quorum ; and it seems probable that other members, and the officers of both Houses, will custody as soon as the doors are open. If, in the days of the Irish Parliament, at the time e L e intohol whoara dd a ellv t , i hy o e : rare 1 seefta supposedDodrie Dungannon, g cno a di n t.ph n in friends, , seized the upon p English o ann Dublin,d sei zGo vernmented bo ef arrested tthake ella upon all Voluntee rs an d their principles, tob e in i e n lu f d av in o g ui t ' the offi cersthe of the two Houses of Parliament, they would have furnished some type o f t h e treatment of Mary land, always supposing there ever have been such things as State rights. England, however, never could have taken such steps, and in those evil days when habeas corpus has been suspended the arrests of State prisoners have• always been made upon proper warrants, duly exhibited to the accused. It is impossible, I think, to deny that the great majority of the landholders and of the respectable classes of Maryland are in favour of Secession prin ciples, and that they hate the New England States as cordially as the Southerners detest the Yankees. It,is not that they are slaveholders so much as that they maintain slaveholding is guaranteed by the Constitution, and that those who attack it are not gentlemen. Your Marylander is a very high aris tocrat. If his ancestors did not come over with Lord Baltimore to escape religions persecution, they were actuated by similar motives. He is generally Catholic and anti-Puritan, as his fore father was two centuries ago. In no part of the Union hes slave labour been so profitless—nowhere will so many men be found ready to condemn slavery on principle, though it may be legally right. They say, " We keep on our slaves because we can not get rid of them at once. Leave us alone, and the thing will die out of itself." And then they are fond of enlarging on the vulgarity of Black Re publicans and Abolitionists, and on the curses of universal suffrage. To the commercial classes the prosperity of New York, attained, as they aver, by unfair uses of political power, is also a grievance. The anomalies arise out cf an aristocratic sentiment founded on pride of birth and extent of possessions, fostered by slavery, and aggravated by the oppo sition of neighbouring States on the one hand, and on an ignorant impatience of a result of republican institutions, which, however unexpected, was per fectly legitimate. A man who holds his lands by virtue of a charter signed by Lord Baltimore him self is as great an aristocrat in feeling, and resents as keenly the rule of the many as though he were owner of estates recorded in " Domesday," and de scended from Dives. The great merchants are affected by the atmo sphere in which they live, and Baltimore has some what the pretensions of an old cathedral town in England struggling against manufactures and Chartism. Some considerable towns have sprung up in the State recently, which are the rallying points for the Union men, and which are thorns in the side of the country gentlemen, but, generally speaking, the majority of the people in most of the counties are opposed to the Government, and there are few landed proprietors who are not Southern Rights' men, Many families have representatives in the army of the Confederate States, and all the efforts of the Federalists have not sufficed to pre prevent intelligence and aid being sent across the Potomac into Virginia, and could not frustrate the attempts of bodies of armed gentlemen and others on horse and on foot to join their friends. It was only the other day I was speaking to a gen tleman who mentioned that he had a large num ber of relatives in the Southern army, as if it were a matter of common notoriety; "And how did they get there ?" Why, they belonged to a body of cavalry which we have had for many years, composed of the young gentlemen of the county to keep down negro insurrection. They heard one night that the negroes were going to rise, and appearances justified the rumour. So they assembled and sent in word to the General at Balti more that they had met, and that they would pro bably require some aid. He ordered them at once to disband or to wait till he sent out an officer to make each of them take the oath of allegiance. Deeply offended by this conduct nearly all of them rode off, crossed the river that night and joined the enemy. The women have embraved Beauregardism with the greatest devotion, and their beauty and grace render them powerful proselytizers. It may be true that the State has been nearly disarmed by frequent and rigid searches; but, if there are not bows and flags and resettes of the orthodox colours forthcoming in profusion whenever the Confede rates make their appearance, I am much deceived in the ingenuity and zeal of the fair Marylanders. On my first visit to Baltimore there was a report that the South Carolinians had opened fire upon Sumter, and the feeling which displayed itself was certainly not one of regret. On my second visit, on my way from Fortress Monroe, Balti more had the air of Warsaw ; pickets at the street corners, patrols in the thoroughfares, camps on the hills, soldiers cooking in the public places, the people sullen and angry. The report had been presented to the Legislature respecting the sup pression of the police, and the inhabitants were satisfied they had been very badly used. But from the first there were strong hopes that " the tyranny would be overpast" when the Confederates invaded Maryland ; and it must have been a bitter dis appointment, particularly after the battle of Manasses, to find there were no traces of their deliverers' - footsteps, and that their voices were as distant as ever. General Scott's foresight, in fact, was never better exhibited than in the measures he took to secure Maryland at a time of enormous difficulty. Notwithstanding all her writhings and convulsions the State is so firmly manacled that nothing short of a victorious army's strength can liberate her. It would not have been possible to let Maryland go, nor can any one, I presume, suppose that in any contingency the United States could ever resign the seat of their Government, the Potomac, and the waters of the Chesapeake, to an independent Power. To do that the North must be subjugated as thoroughly as she intends to subjugate the South. But has the North ever considered that in Maryland, where there are many Union men, she is obliged to use the means which probably will be needed to a greater extent in the South, and then calmly considered what those means are ? There are 10,000 men in and around Baltimore; the General, Dix, in reply to certain representations, has stated that, if the city falls into the hands of the enemy, he will be forced to lay it in ashes from his batteries. There are probably not less than 25,000 troops in other parts of Maryland. The social and political condition of the State is best estimated by these facts, notorious to the English public. If the North could but make an equation, and see whether she has the force to act the same part in the Southern States, it is not reasonable to suppose she could any longer deny that her mission is one of conquest and sub jugation, in which success is not certain, and in which it is impossible to persist permanently. Conquest may be achieved. By some extraordinary effort of military spirit even an armed occupancy of the seceded States may be effected for a time. But what becomes of the Constitution, of Republi can institutions, of the Federal compact, of the rights of the people, and of the undoubted States' rights of internal government? There is, 1 know, a pretence that there is Union sentiment in solution in the South which will tumble down in a thick precipitate on the head of the Confederates the moment it is stirred by a Federal bayonet ; but there is no trace of foundation for the hypothesis. Look at North Carolina! Even the ultra-Union papers ridicule the "bogus,'' or sham member, Mr. Foster, and his claims for stationery, and the autho risation which has been issued for the creation of one regiment of North Carolinians is regarded as a matter of form, not likely to be of any great use. If the expectations be unfounded, what course will the Government pursue ? Acknow ledge their error, and agree to a compro• seise ? They dare not in the present temper of the people. Accept the situation, and make a Maryland of every State ? Even the wealth and the energy and population of the North might well shrink from the task. But will South Caro lina, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennesse be more at the mercy of the United States in the full development of their programme than Maryland is now ? The future is full of difficulties, which even faith, the evidence of things not seen, cannot pre tend to solve. It is but a month since I was driving through magnificent undulating fields, hemmed in by broad belts of forest, and heavy with crops of Indian corn and tobacco. The rough wooden and brick huts huddled together in the neighbourhood of the coun try scats were peopled by men, women, and ail then with black faces, hut for which they might have done duty easily for Hungarian or Lithuanian peasantry, attired in uncouth clothes an d grea t lumbering boots, shuffling and hulking through the fields as if in search of moonstones. Their master, a good, easy, , kindhearted gentleman, polished and well read, looked on them very much as the Irish squires of the old time regarded squatters—crea tures who ought to be made useful, who were net profitable, who had no business to be where they were, and who, nevertheless, could not be got rid of without imputations of cruelty which would make him odious in the land. He was perfectly satisfied the free labour of whites would be more profitable; but what was he to do with his blacks ? where was he to get even the white labour he wanted ? With these sentiments, he felt bitterly the snsults of the Abolitionists, who called him a slave-driver and a nigger breeder. In his case most of the fathers of these blacks had been transmitted to him by his ancestors, and had lived as families on the estate for several generations. To look at the fields, luxu riant with weeds and filled with stones, was to be satisfied the system of agriculture was patriarchal if the system of labour was not. But, in fact, their condition was very different from that of the slaves on the Southern plantations. Tha pro prietor of these broad domains is, like many of the Maryland gentry, a Roman Catholic, and a priest, belonging to a• religious and educational institution founded by the piety of his fore fathers, is engaged to look after the religious welfare of his flock, and I saw a full congregation of the slaves trooping through the meadowfk to chapel, looking, in their gay dresses and natural group ings, very unlike the beings who are cribbed up like rabbits in hutches in the South. Then, after service was over, came flocks of woolley-headed children of both sexes to the priest for examination in the Catechism. The houses in which they lived were larger and better than the slave quarters on most plantations, but were not cleaner er more tidy, and it appeared to me as if the inhabitants were a little less respectful in their demeanour. In the name of crinoline, yellow shawls, pink and white dresses, wonderful bonnetry, and very quaint booting, how did the proprietor afford to turn out such gay nymphs of Africa ?• He did not afford it at all. Granted that home-reared chickens and pigs paid for some of it, still enough came out of his pocket, in addition to feeding and sup porting them, to leave very little between their labour and positive loss. It was no use to call them early, for they dawdled about the fields all the more. Here, in fact, was a state of things which would soon cure itself if let alone. The greater part of the estate, indeed, was farmed out to others on the principle of one-half or one-third of the produce in lieu of rent, and I suspect that was far the most profitable mode of dealing with these widespread acres. lam assured that there are many estates in Maryland in the same condition. It may be imagined how their proprietors resent the propaganda which threatens to ruin them utterly, and how this last blow, dealt at the Legis lature of the State in which they feel so much pride, is felt by men as tenacious and haughty as any Magyar or Pole who ever lived. If there be any large Union_element in Maryland, let it be developed now, or the world will not believe in its existence. POLICE INTELLIGENCE, Oct. 7. LAMI3ETIL—DISTURBING A CONGREGATION..-- Charles Billington, a journeyman carpenter, was charged before Mr. Elliott with entering a Baptist chapel in Regent-street, Lambeth, while in a state of intoxication, and disturbing the congregation. Mr. James Smith, a master baker, carrying on business at 117, Lambeth-walk, deposed that on the bay before he was in the gallery of the Baptist chapel in Regent-street, at the evening service, when the prisoner entered that place of worship, and per ceiving he kept his face in his cap in apparent prayer a much longer time than usual, he suspected something wrong. He next commenced to utter broken sentences in a loud tone of voice; and per ceiving he was the worse for liquor, he (Mr. Smith) approached him to request that he would be quiet and not interrupt the service, and spoke to him in a quiet manner, The prisoner, however, exclaimed, " If you insult me, I'll kuock you down," and made several blows at him and those about him. Per ceiving that a serious disturbance was likely to ensue, he (witness) left the chapel to look for a policeman, and on his return he found the whole congregation in a state of perfect terror, and as great an amount of confusion prevailing as if the place was on fire, and it was with much difficulty that the prisoner, who by that time had made his way to the front of the gallery, was removed from the building. Police-sergeant Isaac Shepheard, 36 A, deposed that, on entering the saerbd edifice he found the congregation in a state of perfect alarm from the prisoner's conduct. He (the prisoner) was in front of the gallery in a state of perfect frenzy, cursing and swearing at the minister and congregation. Making use also of the most obscene language, and threatening death and destruction to those around him. He refused to leave when requested, so that he was compelled to remove him by force, and, while doing so, he made several attempts to strike and kick him. When removed from the chapel, so violent was he, that it required the united exertions of four constables to take him to the station. The prisoner, in reply to the charge, said that, some years ago he had a fall from a building and injured his had, so that drink drove him mad, and he should not had gone to the chapel if he had not been drinking. He further said he had been on the " strike" for three months, and was so weak that the drink had a greater effect on him, and all he recollected of his improper conduct was, that the children in the gallery began to laugh at him, and this, h' supposed, set him off. It was stated by the gaoler, that the prisoner, who was an ingenious and excellent mechanic, had been in custody at this court two or three times for violent conduct towards the police and others while under the influence of drink. Mr. Elliott told the prisoner that such conduct as his could not be tolerated, and convicted him in a penalty of 205., or in default to 20 days' impri sonment. CHARGE OF E:►rßEzzLEMENT.—Samuel Morley, an errand boy, in the service of Mr. Geo. Cresswetl, pork butcher, in High-street, Newington, was charged with embezzling 125,, the moneys of his master. From the evidence, it appeared, that on Satur day the prisoner was sent with two joints of pork to two customers of his master, received the money for them, and absconded. On Sunday morning he was spprehended after he had spent the whole of the money, Tile prisoner, who is only 14 years of age was remanded for the attendance of the parties who paid him the money. SOUTHWAR,K.—SINGULAR CHARGE OF BlGAMY.—Samuell: Mills, a respectable-looking man, was brought before Mr. Burcham, charged with intermarrying with Emma Underwood, his first wife being then and now living. Police-constable 294 M said, from information he received he took the prisoner into custody, and when he was told he was charged with inter marrying with Emma Underwood, his former wife being then alive, he said " That's all stuff," but afterwards he admitted that it was true, but his first wife had committed bigamy. The second wife, who was present at the time, handed him a copy of the register of the first marriage, sole►nnised at Croydon, and a copy of her own, at St. Ueorge's•iii the-East. The prisoner said " they were all right." Mr. Burcham asked if he had compared those copies with the original entries in the books ? He replied that he had not had time to do so, as the prisoner was not given into his custody until Saturday night. He asked for a remand for that put pose. The prisoner here said that he was taken in by the first wife, who declared to him that she was a single woman but a short while after the marriage he found out that she was married and her husband was living ; therefore he considered himself free to marry the second wife. The second wife said she believed that to be true, as she examined the register of the female's mar riage, but still she considered that there was some thing mysterious about the circumstances. The prisoner said he could prove that his first wife had a husband alive at the time he married her. Mr. Bureham told him if he could do so there would be an end of the case, and the second wife would be his lawful wife. Had he evidence in court to that effect ? The prisoner replied in the negative, but he should be able to do so on a future day. Mr. Burcham remanded him until Thursday, and directed the constable to examine the registers at the churches and produce the necessary witnesses. EXTENSIVE EMBEZZLEMENT BY A COLLECTOR. — John Fitzgibbon, a respectable-looking man, was charged with embezzling upwards of £2OO, the moneys of his employers, Messrs. Davey, Thomson, and Alder, coal merchants, Old Barge house-wharf, Blackfriars-road. Mr. Warrand, solicitor for the Association for the Prosecution of Swindlers, attended to prosecute; and Mr. Edwin defended the prisoner. Mr. Gilbert Alder, one of the partners, said that the prisoner had been in their employ 17 yeas as traveller and collector at a. salary of £2 2s. a week and travelling expenses. it was his duty to receive money from the customers and enter the same in a book daily in the office, anil pay the same to wit ness or one of the partners., who signed the items so entered and paid in. On the 18th of July last the prisoner received £7 15s. from Mr. Green, of Chapel-street, lielgrave-square, which he had not accounted for in the book, and witness had not received it. There wefe other sums amounting to about £2OO which he haci not accounted for, but as the invoices delivered by title prisoner and receipted by him were not dated, he Lad a difficulty to select many cases within the six months required by law. Mr. Charles Green, coal-me:Thant, Chapel-street, Belgrave-square, said he was a customer of the pro secutors, and on the 18th of July last he paid the prisoner £7 15s. on their account. The prisoner gave him the receipt produced. Mr. Burcham here observed that it was the duty of the prisoner to pay over money to each or any of the partners, he must have all those gentlemen in attendance to g i v e evidence, as the prison er ' s defence might be that he had paid the money either to Mr. Thomson or Mr. Dirvey. Mr. Alder said that the sums were not entered in his book. Mr. Burcham told him that did not matter. It was the duty of the prosecution to provo the case against the prisoner. Before they could proceed any further the other partners must be present. Mr. Alder said that Mr. Thomson was on the Con tinent, but if his worship would grant afurther re mand, he would communicate with him and Mr. Davey, so that they should be in attendance as quickly as possible. Mr. Burcham remarked that it seemed to him to be an artful and extensive system of robbery, and he should not be doing his duty unless he gave the prosecutors every opportunity to complete their case. He should therefore remand him for another week. WESTMINSTER. —COMBINATION OF WORK MEN. —John M'Cormack, a labourer, was charged with violently assaulting John O'Brien, a man in the same condition of life. Complainant said he was walking in the Queen's road, Chelsea, with his wife, on Saturday night, when defendant came up and violently assaulted him. Mr. Paynter inquired the cause. Compialnant said they had both been engaged as labourers at the new barracks, Queen's-road, Chel sea, and the labourers turned out at 7 o'clock on Saturday morning, with the exception of himself and another man, who refused to leave. He did not see defendant again until the evening, when he met him, as stated, in the Queen's-road, when the de fendant called him the vilest names, and said he would kill him for having stopped to work at the building in the morning. Defendant and the other men had insisted on having their money for the work they had done, and left suddenly. Ann O'Brien corroborated her husband's state ment. Defendant struck her husband because he did not " turn out" in the morning. John Murphy, the other man who had remained on the works, proved that he was near complainant at the time he was assaulted, when defendant came up, and called them" - crawlers" for remaining at work, and not going on the strike. Defendant gave witness a push in the back and a blow in the face, Police constable George Everist said he was called by O'Brien, who was bleeding very much. Defendant used disgusting language, and, throwing himself on the ground, said he would not go to the station. Police constable 126 B, said that in assisting to convey defendant to the station, he made a kick at one of the other men, which witness received by accident. James Higgins, 73 B, said he heard defendant de clare that he struck complainant because he did not leave the works. He added that he intended to take him in somewhere to drink, and then pick a quarrel with him. Defendant—You are a pig-headed liar. Mr. Paynter inquired the cause of the " turn-out." Josiah Vincent, a superintendent at the works, explained that the labourers worked in gangs, and any indolence or neglect of one necessarily stopped the whole; one man having detained the others, the foreman discharged him, upon which the others of that gang turned out, insisted upon having their money, and left, excepting the two men now present. Mr. Paynter asked whether they had returned to their labour. The Superintendent replied they had not presen- . ted themselves, nor would they be employed again if they did. The Policeman said that defendant had had two months a short time ago for a similar offence. Mr. Paynter said he did not think" the offence was one under the oth of George the IV., cap. 129, respecting the combination of workmen, but it was quite clear that the assault was an act of revenge, because the complainant has had the good sense to remain at his work. So much has been said upon matters of this description, that it was useless to repeat what must occur to every sensible mind. To assault a man under such circumstances as the pre sent, was a most serious offence, and defendant must pay the full penalty of £5. lie was committed for two months in default. ATTEMPTED MURDER IN WESTMINSTER.—James Evans, a short thick-set man, 23 years of age, de scribed as a shoemaker, was charged with feloni ously assaulting and wounding Sarah Mullins, with intent to murder her. James White, 45, said that early on Thursday morning, the 3d inst., a woman came to him in Peter-street, Westminster, with nothing on but her chemise, bleeding from three or four wounds on the head and body.. She stated that they had been inflicted by a man, at No. 14, Old Pye-street, where she lodged. She stated that when she went home, shortly before, she supposed that the man must have concealed himself under the stairs, and that after she had undressed herself and got into bed he broke open her room door, and, having beaten her most unmercifully with a poker, then inflicted with a knife the wounds which she bore upon her. She entreated him not to murder her, when he declared that be meant to do it for her. Witness hastened with her to the house, but the man was gone. He found a large case-knife on the bed-clothes, and a great quantity of blood about the place. He immediately conveyed her to the hospital, but as the wounds did not appear to be very bad, he subsequently conveyed her to the workhouse, where Ehe had, however, become worse. Her body was in a shocking state, being one mass of bruses where he had beaten her with the poker. From information witness received, he went yesterday afternoon to Union-street, Borough, hearing that prisoner was at work there for a man named Bone. Prisoner was concealed under a bed, and on witness desiring him to come from his hid ing place he did so. Witness then told him he ap • prehended him for feloniously cutting and wounding Sarah Mullins, when he replied that he never stabbed her, but that he had heat her about, and was -- he did not give her more. Witness took him to the workhouse, and the unfortunate woman, im mediately upon catching sight of him, said, "That is the man who stabbed me, and boat me with the poker." Mr. Paynter inquired in what state the woman was at present. Witness replied very ill, Mr. Paynter inquired whether the constable knew what the injured person was. Witness replied he believed an unfortunate woman. Mr. Paynter remanded the prisoner till Tuesday next, directing the constable to make diligent in quiry from time to time at the workhouse, in order that if fatal consequences were feared, information might be given at that court, when the sitting ma gistrate would proceed to the home and take her deposition. GREENWICH.—INDECENT ASSAULT UPON A CHILD BY A CANDIDATE FOR THE METROPOLITAN POLlCE.—Thomas Joyce, aged 23, describing him self as a clerk, of 10, Union-street, Deptford, was charged with indecently assaulting Matilda Albina Fanchon, a child 11 ydars of age. It appeared from the evidence that the prisoner had occupied apartments at the house of the child's mother about a fortnight. On Saturday afternoon he asked the child to bring a pen into his room. She did so, upon which the prisoner inquired her age and put other questions, and having offered her a sixpence, proceeded to act in a grossly indecent manner towards her, when she was released by the prisoner on her clinging to a post of the bedstead in her room. She afterwards told a female cousin, a child about her own age, what had occurred, and this being communicated to the child's mother, the pri soner was subsequently given into custody, wh en ho expressed a wish to settle the affair with the mother before being taken to the police station. The prisoner addressed the magistrate at very considerable length, and said he had only arrived in England from Cork about three weeks, and was at that moment a candidate for the Metropolitan Police Force, having testimonials as to character mentioned. afternoon said that while he asked oon from eminent persons whose names h e He admitted that on Saturday a the child to bring him a pen, an _ writting a letter she asked him if he was wr iti ng it to his wife, and on his tellin g her he was not, for he had no wife, she took hold of him by the whiskers and offered to kiss him if he would give her a penny, which he not only refused to do, bat ordered her to leave his room. Mr. Maude said he had listened to the prisoner's statement with that attention and patience which the case demanded, it being a case in which the truthfulness of the statement of the complainant and the accused was either to be accepted or re jected, and he had no hesitation in saying that the conclusion at which he had arrived was, that the defence sdit up by the prisoner was a tissue of false hoods from beginning to end, for it was not likely that so young a child as the complainant, even if she had the artfulness to trump up such a case, would have acted as he had described, and which could only have been done by a person of depraved mind and habits. He was glad the prisoner's true character had come to light before he had entered the Metropolitan Police Force, and when the pro ceedings in that court became public he hoped all chance of his receiving such au appointment would be at an end. His worship then ordered the pri soner to pay a fine of £5, or to be imprisoned, with hard labour, for two calendar months. The prisoner not having the money, was removed in custody to await the prison van. EXTRAORDINARY AFFAIR IN D ÜBLIN. On Friday last, at the head police-office, Dublin, More Mr. Allen, the magistrate, Captain Rogers Palmer, of the Mayo militia, was summoned on the complaint of Captain E. Knox for threatening to shoot him. Mr. Sidney appeared on behalf of Captain Knox, and, in stating the case, said ho did not wish in a case of this kind to touch upon family and domestic matters more than was absolutely necessary in order to inform the bench properly on the question be fore them. Captain Knox had a shooting lodge in the county of Wicklow. On a recent occasion be had invited the defendant, Captain Palmer, and the members of his family, including Mrs. Palmer, to join a party at his lodge ; and whilst they were thus on a visit to his house, it came undor the obser vation of Captain Knox that the defendant behaved himself in a very unbecoming and improper manner towards his own wife. Captain Palmer here protested against any irrele vant details being gone into, and stated that Capt. Knox had given presents to his children, in value 100 guineas, without knowing the family before. He totally denied that he ever threatened to shoot the complainant. Mr. Sidney, after a sharp altercation with the defendant, went on to state that the conduct of Capt. Palmer, who held a loaded double-barrelled gun at his wife's head, induced Capt. Knox to in terfere, and his interference led to a reply frcm the defendant, who swore that if he had a weapon about him he would kill Capt. Knox on the spot, and that he would do it before long. In consequence of what had occurred Capt. Knox forbade the de fendant returning to his house, and the defendant returned to Dublin with two of his sons. Mr. Sidney then read a passage from a letter written by the defendant, dated Sept. 13, as follows : " I thank my God my hellish designs were not carried out ; for I own to God I had loaded my revolve', which nothing but your letter of this morning, couched with good nature, had unnerved my arm. ' The defendant urged the unfairness of those matters being introduced without any previous notice, observing, moreover, that he was unde fended by counsel. Capt. Knox was then sworn, and said—l have a shooting lodge in the county of Wicklow. The de fendant, Capt. Palmer, and his family were among my guests there recently, Capt. Palmer's family arrived at my lodge some weeks before he did, and after his arrival we noticed everything changed. The family never appeared except crying, so that I thought it right to inquire into the cause, and I then ascertained that it arose from his bad treat ment of his wife and children. On one occasion he beat one of his sons to such an extent that my sister had to interfere. The servants also came to me to interfere, and we had to call the police. On other occasions they were treated in the most brutal manner. Some days after a gentleman asked us to go to a pie-nic at his house. After dinner—l thought that Capt. Palmer was not sober at the time, but it now turns out that he was—he called his wife such disgusting names before ladies that I cannot repeat them here. He was remonstrated with, and he then said that if he had. a weapon he would take my life on the spot, and threatened me in various other ways. I told him I could not allow him, after such conduct, to come into my house again. Ho came up to me, shook his fist, and said he would knock my head off if I said another word. Others interfered, and he then went away, taking his two sons with him. They walked the whole way into the next town, although we sent a car after them for their use. On his arrival in Dublin he repeated his threats, by a letter written by a member, of his family, at his dictation, and he after wards wKete tl e letter from which a passage has been read. Ho forbade his wife to return. In reply to the magistrate, Capt. Knox said that on his return to Dublin the defendant recommenced his threats against him, and he feared he might execute them. The defendant was ultimately ordered to be bound over to keep the peace towards Capt. Knox, but having no sureties present, it was arranged that the defendant should appear the following day with his sureties, and the proceedings terminated. COUNTRY MARKETS. GLOUCESTER—OcT. 5. A very small supply of English wheat, with a good de mand, at an advance of 10d per quarter upon last week's rates. Foreign sorts unaltered. Flovr declined in price, but in good demand. Barley steady. No change in the value of oats and beans. COLCHESTE ;R—OcT. 5. A small supply of wheat ; trade firm, at is per qr above last week. Barley in good demand for malting, and fully as dear. Beans and peas scarce, and unaltered. Wheat, white 54s 64s Bean s, Mazagan 34s 38s red 46s 62s middle & small.3BB 44s Barley Oats CHELMSFORD—OcT. 4. A good supply of wheat, the best samples of which rea lised last week's prices, with a slow trade. Spring corn firm, but barley is lower. Wheat, old white...29s 61s , Peas, Partridge.... 36s 40s new ..50s 67s White 38s 44s old red.... 29s 49s Boiling ... 4os 46s new 55s Gls Dun 34s 38s Barley 29s 40s Ditb new —s —s Chevalier 303 41s Beans, Tick, old ..368 42s Grinding ..26s 35s new..--. 8 .--11 Ma1t..... Gls 67s Harrow Ticks ..38s 44s Chevalier o4s 69s new..—s —s Oats 23s 30s Mazagan ... 34 3Gs KIRKCALDY We had fair supplies of Wheat rather dearer. Bar] as last markct day. TRAIN—OcT. 5. grain today. Sales ready. Ley and oats much the same Wheat. Barley. Oats. First....Ms 27s Od I 24s Od Second ..56s Od 31s Od 27s Od Third...6os Od 37s Od 30s Od COAL MARK (Prices of Coal per Ton at ET—OcT. 4. the close of tho market Witlll3 End.; 8. d. Walker Primrose 12 0 Wylam.... l6 0 Carway and Duffryn Malting 24 0 Do. Anthracite 21 6 Bower's West Hartley 19 3 Craighead Steam 15 0 Bell's Primrose l3 0 Howard's West Hart- (1.. S. niddell.. ••• 9 E. elloe Thornley ....16 3 Heugh Hall 17 6 South Hartlepool 17 6 Hartlepool.... ..18 6 Braddyll's Hetton 18 0 Acorn Close . Hetton .. l9 0 Tunstall Byron .....17 6 Eden 17 0 South Hetton 19 0 Ghisforth 17 0 Belmont 17 0 Ttimclon Hartlepool lB 3 Trimdon Thoruley... ,16 6 Whitworth 15 0 '101; sold, tiO, ley 19,t 3 Lambert's West Hart- ley 19 3 Tanfield Moor Butes 13 6 Hastings Hartley l9 3 Holywell ..16 0 West Wylato 44 0 Walls End. Harton.. 17 0 I Ships at market, BIRTHS. j E a s a g t .„, atof Gillingham, isiolinn. Log.ham, COBB.—On the 6 th inst., at Napier House, M arga t e , th e of Major Lovell, C. 8., R.E., o f a son. Kent, the wife muNT.—On the 7th inst., at P age •green, Mrs. Munt, of a daughter. w lE fe L o r.. f l a O ra n es th C e o s b t bl ; NUTT.—On the 4th inst„ at Ilfracombe, Devon, the wife of the Rev. Robert Nutt, of a son. MARRIAGES. PlM—LococK.—On the 3d inst., at South Elkington, Lin colnshire, Bedford C. T. Pim, Esq., Commander R.N., to Susanna, eldest daughter of the late Henry Locock, Esq., of Northampton and Blackheath. R° YroN—Bnocit . ..—On the 3d inst., at the parish church, Clifton, Guy Rotton, Esq., Captain R.A., and Brevet- Lieut.-Colonel, to Charlotte Mary, daughter of the Rev. Morant Brock, M.A., incumbent of Christ Church, Clifton. DEATIIS. BELL—On the sth inst. at Kingsland, Mr. John Preston Bell, formerly a member of Lloyd's for upwards of 30 years, aged 78. DOYLEY..—On the sth inst., at Judd-street, John Doyloy, Esq., and S 7. GARDNER,—On the sth inst., at King street, St. James's, the Hon. Edward Gardner, fifth son of Alan, Ist Lord Gardner, aged 77. HART.--On the sth inst., the Rev.W. Henry Hart, M.A., Demy of 'AI agdalen College, Oxford, and Chaplain to the Hon. Society of Gray's 'inn, aged 30. llAnny.—On the 6th inst., at 1, Warwick-square, Robert Hardy, Esq., aged 39. MAckrE.—On the Ist inst., at Quarley Rectory, Hants, Miss Mackie, at a very advanced age. SHEPHERD .—On the Ist inst., at Saville-place, Mile-end road, Caleb Shepherd, Esq., aged 71. LoNoori : Printed and Published by IVITTRDO YOUNG, of N. 112, Strand, Printer, at TIIE Surf Office, No. 112,Strand In the Precinct of the Savoy, in the county of Middiet'er , TueNdaY, October 8, 1801. I 1