The Sun. — London, England, 1861-01-25 00:00:00

THE NAVY. .:.- ' " Rear-Admiral of the Blue Sir Baldwin W. Walker, K.C.8., was expected at Devonport yes terday. His flagship, the Narcissus, 61, Captain Richard H. Risk, will not be ready to :34i1 for the Cape of Good Hope as earl 7 as first epected. Lient. Pasley, son of Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Pasley, hasjoined the Narcissus. Rear-Admiral Robert F. Stopford, Captain of the Channel Fleet, was at Devonport yesterday, with the intention of relinquishing the commaod to-day. The crew of his flagship, the Royal Albert, 121, Captain Henry S. Lacon, will be put dowd to day, when those who have not joined other ships will it is said, be sent to the Prin cess Royal, 91, Captain Charles Fellowes, just commissioned in Portsmouth. The paddle-wheel steam-sloop Geyser, 6, Commander Jackson, went yesterday from Plymouth Seund into Hamoazo to receive the Royal Albert's Marines, and convey them to their respective divisions. A court-martial will be held on Monday next on board the flagship Impregnable, 104, Capt. Lord Frederick Kerr, in Hamoaze, for the trial of John Carroll, stoker of the steam sloop Flying Fish, for disobedience of orders, insubordination, &c. The War Department screw steamer Lord Pan mure, 11. J. Moore, master, having discharged powder and war projectiles at Devonport, left on - Wednesday for Woolwich. A letter received at Plymouth states that the accident on board the screw steamship Nile, 90, was occasioned by the bridle having foaled the chain cable when weighing anchor. Both being of iron neither would rend. There were 80 men at the capstan bars, and they were ordered to "walk back." To do this properly every man should resist to the extent of his ability. No doubt on board the Nile some held on but loosely, and the remainder did not possess sufficient strength to resist the reverse movement, in which they were not aided by pauls. When once the capstan ob tained the mastery its retrogression became irresis tible ; some brave fellows exerted themselves in vain, and possibly suffered the more for their strenu ous efforts to do their duty. Two of the bars in flying out were knocked to pieces ; many men were injured, two died immediately, and two others were not expected to recover. Accidents of this kind occur every now and then on board ship, and gene rally involve injury to the seamen, to whom a great boon would be rendered if some system of pauling was invented by which those who work a capstan could be as well protected when going backward as they are when going forward. The shipwrights at Chatham Dockyard arG busily employed on board the Rattlesnake, 22, screw cor vette, building under No. 1 shed, in order that she may be completed for launching during the present year. The Bombay, 81, in No. 4 dock at Chatham, has had an addition made to her length, and a consider able portion of her stern removed, in order to adapt her for a screw. She is expected to be completed by March next. She bas had her figure-head fixed in its place. It is a fine bust of the North Anieri can Indian, surrounded with rattlesnakes, and has been executed' by Messrs. Hellyer, the Admiralty carvers, at Southampton. It is rumoured that notwithstanding the late expensive repairs to the Princess Royal, 91, screw, at Portsmouth, she is unfit for active service. The screw frigate Belvidera, 51,600-horse power, building on No. 4 slip, has been put in frame, and the shipwrights have commenced preparations for planking her. The Isis, 44, in No. 2 dock, fitting for a coal depot and storeship at Sierra Leone, is having the whole of her interior lined with sheet iron. She is nearly completed, being coppered and rigged, and' is expected to be It to leave the dock in the course of a fortnight. The Arethusa, 51, in dock, being converted from a sailing ship to a screw steamer, had a large num ber of shipwrights employed on her, in order that she may he completed with all despatch. An order was received yesterday at Portsmouth dockyard from the Admiralty for the discharge of the whole of the hired shipwrights and sawyers with the greater portion of the remaining hired men employed in the yard, by the end of March next. The first batch will be discharged on the 23d of February, so that every man will receive a month's notice prior to his being discharged. Upwards of 1,000 men will be discharged from Portmouth yard alone. Many of these men have served in the yard for a considerable time—some of them for two or three years, and the wholesale mode of discharging them has created considerable surprise among them. There may be no immediate pressure of work in the dockyard just now, but there is a very consider able amount of work being sent into the yards of private builders which, apparently, might have been done in the Royal dockyards. The Vin dictive frigate may be referred to as an in stance, as she is about to proceed from Portsmouth to Messrs. White's yard at Cowes, where the cost of her conversion to a coal depot will not be much less than £lO,OOO. The number of hired men fixed to be employed in Portsmouth yard for the financial year 1861 is only 346, being the number considered sufficient to meet the requirements of the estab lished number of shipwrights, 900. The following are the numbers of the different trades, &c., com prised in the 346 hired men :—Spinners (ropery), 64; "spinners' labourers, 24; houseboys, 31 ; sail makers, 12; coppersmiths, 31 ; coppersmiths' la_ bourers, 14; caulkers, 12; joiners, 12; sawmills, 8; smiths, 25; millwrights' shop, 16; painters, 12 ; plumbers and braziers, 3 ; wheelwrights, 3 ; bloekmakers, 9 ; and labourers, 70. A number of additional shipwrights have been placed upon the Prince Regent, 90, and the Octavio, 51, both undergoing conversion from sailing to screw vessels in Portsmouth dockyard. Eleven gangs of shipwrights are now employed upon each vessel. The Immortalite, 51, screw, Captain G. Hancock, yesteiklay received at Spithead, as part of her arma irent, three of Sir W. Armstrong's guns—one 100- pounders and two 40-pounders. Orders have also been received at Portsmouth for shipping on board her Majesty's ships Princess Royal, Edgar, Trafal gar, Mersey, and Diadem a similar number of the same description of weapon and calibre on board each ship as on board the Immortalite. The 40- pounders have been received at Portsmouth for the purpose, but the 100-pounders for the five remain in vessels h ave no t yet been received. The Cossack, 21, screw steamer, Capt. Moorman, will be placed in No. 1 dock at Portsmouth to-day for examination and repairs. Captain Moorman is on a month's leave. The Euryalus, 51, screw, unlocks to-morrow from No. 8 dock in Portsmouth yard, and the Royal paddle yacht Victoria and Albert will afterwards be placed in the same dock for overhaul and fitting a set anew oak floats to her paddlewheels. The Eurydice, sailing frigate, and ltolla, naval apprentice brig, will be taken into the ship basin at Portsmouth on the 28th inst. The first-named ves B el will be commissioned by Commander V. Lowthe r at the latter end of March next as a naval cadet seagoing training ship. The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty: --Hy. A. Moriarty, master, to the Princess R oyal ; and Wm. Duirs, surgeon, to the Princess Royal. THE SPECIAL SERVICES ALT ST. PAUL'S.—The special . services at St. Paul's Cathedral will be resumed on Sunday evening next, Jan. 27, at 7 o'clock; preacher, the Lord Bishop of London. [AnvERTISEMENT.]— Pills and medicine invariably ag gravate and perpetuate diseases ; their annoyance, dis appointment, and expense may be avoided by persons in indiffer en t h ea lth sen ding only their add ress to B. Ra m , Esq., 77, Regent-street, W., London, and th ey will reselve gratis and free by post the "INvA.Lins' O w GUIDE," or Natural Restorer, without medicine or ex pmse, of perfect digestion, strong n erves, sound lungs, and refreshing sleep, to the most enfeebled, insuring the removal of indigestion (dyspepsia), constipation, liver complaints nausea, epilepsy, paral Pits, debility, nervousness, palpitatiot, cough, asthma, consumption, dropsy, flatulency, diarrhoea, dysentery, biliousness, fever s , sore throats, catarrhs, co ld s , noises in the ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irrital iltty , sleeplessness, acidity, palpi tation. heartburn, headache, despondency, cramps, spasms, sinking, fits, brOnChitts.— "llllQUestionably the safest Guide to health.!: THE' ARMY. Second Capt. Noble, late Assistant Inv ector of Artillery in Colonel Tulloh's departmen of Wool wich Arsenal, having completed his th ee months' leave of absence, has resigned his c mmission in the Royal Artillery and is now permanently attached to the gun factory mercantile establish c!ent of Sir Wm. Armstrong at Elswick. The post o f A s. ;istant Inspector of Artillery has been con ferred on Second Capt. Lyons, Royal Artillery, late r—te-ndent of experiments at the assistant su; -v Hythe. School of Gunne.. at i Corps Commissioners reas - The Army H.osp:tai Nevin. *vital, Chatham, yesterday eft' inquiry at that esta sembled atindortrePsuitmt Ii *petal , t. h morning, esent were—Col. lishment. fi ...gr he Commissioners p. J. C. Kennedy, L q.B., Presidelit i Di., Mapleton, De • • Dr. Suthe: t a nd ' Sanitary puty-Inspector Gen. ' ..,_, , "4h Dragoon Commissioner; and Dr. " Yile) surgeon, u. , ion Guards. The Commissione."B were occupies _ the entire day in the exam:gull:-nearly of numerous witnesses, among whom were Stafe"Surgeon L. Bar row, M.D., and several of the noo,^ommissioned officers and privates of the Army H.,spital Corps now at head-quarters, from whom much important information was elicited touching the in,,luirY on which the commissioners are engaged. Fri 'u l the results of the investigations which have been n: l a de at Chatham, there can be no doubt that the con.' missioners will recommend the introduction of many material changes affecting the organisation and working of the Army Hospital Corps, whic2 l will not only prove most beneficial to the service, but also to that corps. The inquiry at Fort Pitt terminated yesterday afternoon, and at the close the commissioners, accompanied by the principal offi cers of the medical staff, inspected the wards of the hospital, the lunatic asylum, kitchen, and other portions of the establishment, with the general cleanliness and order of all of which they expressed themselves mnch gratified. THE VOLUNTEER MO TEMENT. Yesterday evening the first anniversary festival in commemoration of the formation of the 29th Middlesex Rifles was held at the Freemasons' Tavern. Lieut.-Colonel Viscount Enfield, M.P., presided, supported by Mr. Edwin James, M.P., and almost the whole of the officers of the corps. The non-commissioned officers and privates to the number of about 100 were also present, and did jus tice to a most admirable dinner, which was served in the usual excellent style of the Freemasons'. The cloth haling been drawn, the usual loyal toasts were given and duly honoured. Captain Cameron pro posed "The Health of the House of Commons," to which Mr. James replied for himself and the noble Chairman. The coming session he thought was pregnant with questions of immense interest to this country, and as to their domestic policy he believed the House was anxious to deal with home legislation in a wide and liberal manner, and in one which he hoped would result in the introduction of a more popular element into that assembly. The most important events, however, were those going on atiroad, and on which all eyes were anxiously fixed. He hoped that in the progress of these great events England would use her immense moral influence on the right side in the coming struggle of nationali ties. As a nation the English might well be proud that the great example which was shown by this country of the success of constitutional government had been followed in Sardiu_a and would be followed by Hungary when the march of events permitted it, and in the new kingdom of Italy, where they would soon see a new Parliament representing tk,e people who had struggled under the gaßlance of a great man to redeem their liberty from the worst despotism in the world. (Hear, hear.) Later in the evening the chairman gar° " Prosperity i the 29th Middlesex Volunteers." He believed that the discipline and interior economy of the Regiment was in a most satisfactory condition, and with regard to numbers the prospect was equally gratifying and flourishing. Within the last few days he had solicited the Lord-Lieutenant of the county to allow the regiment an increase of numbers so as to give them 10 additional companies, and if this was granted them he had not the least doubt but they could raise them all in a very few weeks. The healths of Captain Ross, the second in com mand, Adjutant Jones, Mr. Secretary Greene, the Chaplain, and other officers were then given, and the festivities, which were of the most gratify ing character throughout, were prolonged to a late hour. On Wednesday evening the Benchers of the Mid dle Temple invited Col. Brewster, of the Inns of Court Volunteers, to dine with them. The members of the Inn, who are also members of the Inns of Court Volunteers, in honour of the occasion ap peared in their uniform, and several members be longing to the Victoria Rifles, and officers of militia, also appeared in their uniforms. The band of the Inns of Court Volunteers, by permission of the bencbers ♦ was placed in the gallery of the fine old hall, and played various lively airs during and after dinner, and the choristers of the church sang the National Anthem after the toast of " The Queen," and chanted a thanksgiving for grace with charm ing effect. There was a very full attendance of benchers:present,including the Master of the Temple, the treasurer, Mr. J. Anderson, the Attorney Gene ral, and about 30 other Queen's counsel, The mix ture of black bar gowns and uniforms, and the sound of martial music from the magnificent old carved oak gallery of the hall, which was well lighted up, and the old armour of the time of Eliza beth there hung upon the walls brought in promi nent relief, presented a strange contrast to the usual sombre quiet which prevails, and the change which the events of the age have caused in the habits and feelings of the members of the Inn, converting one half of them into drilled soldiers as well as lawyers did not fail to excite many passing comments. On the retirement of the ;benchers and their guests they were loudly cheered. Mr. Lance, the captain of the senior bar mess, then proposed, in appropri3.te terms, the health of Lieut.-Col. Brewster, which was given with musical honours, andwas responded to by Mr. C. Foster, as one of the senior volunteers present. The health of Mr. J. Anderson, the trea surer, and thanks to the benchers for their splendid entertainment, alike worthy of the Inns of Court and of the occasion, was then given, and the mem bers separated after most agreeable evening. On Wednesday evening a volunteer ball in aid of the funds of the 7th Middlesex (Islington) Rifle Volunteers, and more especially for the purpose of providing the corps with a rifle range during the ensuing summer, took place at the Freemasons' Hall, Great Queen-street. The ball was well attended, there being upwards of 200 persons pre sent, including several officers of the regular army, and many members of the llon. Artillery Company and Six Foot Guards, whose scarlet uniforms con trasted well with the gay dresses of the ladies and the more sombre uniforins of the majority of the other volunteers present and the gentlemen who wore evening dress. Adams's quadrille band was in at tendance,and dancing, which commenced about 10 o'clock, was kept up till nearly 4 o'clock, when the. company separated. Th e b a ll was success f u l, as after defraying the necessary expenses incurred, a considerable surplus will be added to the fund. In the course of a short time the cadet corps at tached to the 7th Middlesex will be presented with a handsome silver bugle, the gift of the ladies of Islington. The prizes recently gained by the Post. office Companies (the Civil Service Regiment), 21st Mid dlesex, will be presented by Lord Stanley of Alder ley, the Postmaster-General, at the General Post office, at half-past 1 o'clock on Saturday. The entire regiment will then march to Clapham-common, accompanied by the band, for skirmishing drill. On Wednesday, which was the first anniversary of the formation of the 2d London Rifles, a ball, given by the officers of the corps, took place at the Whittington Club. It was well attended both by the members of the 2d London Rifles and others belonging to the various metropolitan corps, there being altogether about 200 present, and the whole of the arrangements being under the superintend ence of Captain-Commandant Spottiswoode. The hall was tastefully decorated with arms piled, &0., the bayonets being formed into various devices by Sergeant-Nor Thomson, ant dancing was kept THE SUN, LONDON, FRIBA N EVENING; JANUARY 25, 1861. .amm.....-...d.0......aft,w.--......... up until a late hour in' the morning.' After the t slag ing - VTa.S over the choral membe rs of the corps san the National . Anthem in parts, accompanied by the band. _ The alinkial meeting of the 2aTower Hamlets Rifles was hula last evening at the Beaumont Institution, \ Mile-end-road, Lieut.- Col. Walker in the chair. The report stated that a meeting was held on Dec. 22, 1859, when resolutions were passed determining to raise a Volunteer Corps in the Tower Hamlets. A committee of gentlemen were nominated to carry the proposed scheme into effect. This committee met very frequently, and organised a plan upon which a regiment should be constituted, Many \ came forward from time to time and gave in their names as volunteers. The greatest difficulty which ilAe committee had to contend with was the choice others, by her m' 4t The regiment was reviewed, with of uniforms: June last, ' and acquitted themselves i l / 4. ,. 4to continued inlrYde- --ntuittee before re topg:o7:aunsaglieldtehsety aottnih: 23d of the satisfaction of all. The cu— ,,,, —.- of the regiment, 'ad framed a code of rules which was unanimously adopted by the corps. A fresh com pany had been lately raised in Upper Clapton, and the Bth Tower Hamlets Rifles had been joined with this regiment for a dministrative purposes, and the two now constituted the Ist Administrative Batta lion in the Tower namlets. The strength of the regiment was. 520, whift with the Bth Tower Nmlets, who number 100 effsetives, makes a total or 620 rank and file. The total receipt s of the cor p s i for the year amounted to £1,508, and a balance of 5492 was left in hand after the payment of all ex peoses. In conclusion the council express a hope that they may continue to deserve the confidence hith e rto reposed in them, and th at the regiment may be d p i -We and crOdit to the Tower Hamlets. The report .11aCing been adopted the meeting sepa rated with a cOrciLal vote of thanks to the chairman. ............ JO SALIIION BBEIZOING oy 711 E RIVER liccess which had °t: operations carried Incited, no doubt, by the b the proprietors tended the artificial fish - breeding; on so extensively on the Continent; of the salmon fisheries on the River Tay resolved to construct near Perth, on the property of Lord Mansfield, who kindly granted a site for that pur pose, a devat for the cultivation of pisciculture. The more immediate inducements to attempt ope rations in artificial fish-breeding were undoubtedly the increasing scarcity of fish and a filling rental, caused in some degree, we are led to believe, by over•fishing and the unprotected state of the water. It was well known that the rivers of France, the whole of which had become of less value than the me Tay, had been re-peopled, and rendered of great value to the nation by the artificial system, and also that a grand central piscicultural establishment or laboratory, covering about 70 acres of ground, had been erected and carried on with great success at Huningue, near Basle, to serve as a depot for the dis tribution of ova to exhausted rivers. In Ireland, too, pisciculture had been successfully established at Oughterard, by Mr. Ashworth, of Egerton-hall, Bolton, who purchased the salmon fisheries of Lough Corrib from the Encumbered Estates Court. He and his brother began the system in December, 1852. At the National Exhibition, in Dublin, the Messrs. Ashworth exhibited salmon (artificially hatched) three months old. Some one or two experiments have also been tried at other places, but more from fancy than with a view to commer cial parpOses- One prine;pal cause for the practice of piscicul ture is the certai.:.,ty of affording efficient protection to the spawn during the period of hatching, and also of allowing the shoal of young fry to attain to something like "months of discretion" before it proceeds on its first grand tout'. The ova, or roe of the salmon, affords food to a great many of the smaller fishes of our large rivers— it is eaten with avidity by the pike find trout, and gobbled up in large qu antities by ducks and other waterfowl. A whiffing of about three-quarters of a pound in weight, has been taken —with 30 impregnated salmon ova in his stomach ! If this fish had been allowed to dine and breakfast at this rate deing the whole of the spawning sea son it would have been difficult to estimate the loss to our fisheries sus:.`tined by his voracity. The alluvia? matter deposit in times of flood often smothers the ova, even w:.'n it is hatched under such circumstAnce3, and freqi:ent " spates" sweep away whole spawning beds, 1, - * th e certain de struction of the great mass of the roe'. The young fry suffer also. Thousands are killed ai'llll,2 11Y as well by the larger fishes of their own sp.'cieo by the juvenile angler who, with a short stick 'lnt , a crooked pin, does rapid execution. A very snia. ll per tentage of the ova, therefore (considering how prolific all fishes are), when left in its natural state, ever comes the length of being hatched, 'and few out of those which struggle into existence ever reach our tables in the marketable state of grilse or salmon. Out of the myriads of eggs deposited by the female fish-1,000 to each pound she weighs— it is thought by some naturalists that about five of the eggs in every thousand will, on the average, attain it grilsehood, and two out of the five may become a full-grown salmon. At the period of the migration of the smolt to the sea, shoals of them are devoured by the hordes of marine creatures who, with unerring instinct, are laying in wait for them. The Tay breeding' ponds are situated at Colin haugh, better known, however, as Stormontfield, distant about five miles from Perth, and of easy access by the public road, and also by railway; but this latter route involves a journey of about a mile and a half over byeways and through fields, as well as the trouble of crossing the river Shoehey, and, after all, the traveller arrives on the wrong side of the Tay, and requires to hail Peter Marshall, the guardian of the place, in order to be ferried over. The breeding ponds were constructed from designs 'by Mr. Peter Brown, Perth, and are said to answer admirably all the purposes connected with the artificial sys tem of salmon breeding. They are not of very great extent, accommodation for 300 breeding boxes having only as yet been provided, but they are situated on a well-selected spot, protected by a sheltering plantation of well grown trees. The water supply is derived from a rapid mill stream which runs parallel with the Tay. A large reservoir is kept filled with water from this stream, which is ultimately filtered into a kind of ditch, or canal, at the head of the bed containing the range of boxes filled with gravel, on which is placed the impregnated salmon roe. From this ditch the water is laid on to the boxes, and grad ually makes its way from one to the other down the gentle slope on which they are placed, flowing on in a constant, unvarying stream into a receiving nanal, or dam, from whence it is conducted into another reservoir, about a quarter of an acre in ex tent, which acts likewise as a receiving pond for the young .rash. The superfluous water is let into the Tay by means of a narrow canal, which also in its turn serves as a roadway for the smelts when the time comes for theft* departure from the ponds: The 300 boxes at this establishment, when filled with gravel, afford room for the hatching of about half a million of salmon, but only 300,000 were experimented on in the first season, commencing in November, 1853. The operation of obtaining and' preparing the ova for the first experiment was intruted to Mr. Ramsbottom, who is an adept in the art of pisci tultnre, and his own description of the mode of shedding the spawn and the manner of impreg nating it is as follows:- 4; So soon as a pair a suitable fish were captured the ova of the female were immediately discharged into a tub one fourth full of water, by a gentle pressure of the hands from the thorJx. downwards. The milt of the male wes ejected in a similar manner, and the eontents of the tub ' stirred with the hand. After the lapse of a minute the water was poured off, with the exception of sufficient to keep the ova submerged, and fresh water supplied in its place. This also was pouted off, and fresh substituted, previous to removing the impregnated spawn to the boxes prepared for its reception. The ova was placed in the boxes as nearly similar to what they would be under the ordinary course of natural deposition as possi ble, with however, this advantage ; in the bed of the river the ova are liable to injury and destruction in a variety of ways, while, deposited in boxes, they are shielded from in jury, and their vivification in large numbers is thus ren dered a matter of certainty, and the young fish reared in safety. Mr. Ramsbottoni expressed W.s opinion that the Tay was one of the finest breeding streams in the world, and that it would be presumptive to limit the number of salmon that might be raised there were the river cultivated up to its capabilities. The ova required for the boxes was all got from fish taken from one little spawning bed just below Scone Palace. After the deposition of the ova at the Stor- 1 montfield ponds, mUch anxiety was, of course evinced during the winter as to the likelihood of a favourable result. All doubts on this point were set at rest in the ensuing spring, for on the 31st of March, 1854, the first egg or ovum was observed to be hatched, and all the other eggs came safely to Jife in the course of April or May. In the month of June, the fry were transferred from the boxes to the pond, and at that date their average size was about an inch and alall in length, with a corresponding degree of breadth. After being placed in the reception pond, the young fry were fed every day with grated liver. They grew apace, remaining in a healthy state throughout:tile winter, which was a very severe one; and, in the, course of the first year they attained to a !atilt of for inches, and on May IF /, 1855, it was found that por tions of the fry we aria rapidly assuming the smolt dress, and were rea sass to depart from the ponds. The sluice leading to ':he Tay was opened, in order to afford egress, but, none of the fish moved away till a 'few days afterwards when one little shoal that had detached itself from the general body took its departure. A rapid series of similar emigra tions took place, till it was found that fully one half of the fish had left the pond. The other half, it is curious to know, remained in the parr state till about the same period next year, when they also entered the river. Sir William Jardine, in reporting on these breeding ponds to the British Association, said of the first year's experiment th a t he loo;,„ 1 . :iron it as having been highly successful, showing the practicability of hatching, rearing, and maintaining in healtli a very large number of young fish for a period of two years, and, not reckoning the original outlay for the ponds, at a really trifling cost. The breeding experiments at Stormontfield, as well as being a commercial success, so far as they have been prosecuted, have also served to throw some additional light on the natural history of the salmon, and have definitively settled the question -a to the parr being the young of that fish, which -- - -ss a disputed point with naturalists. has long La,— o yt which orioinall lon.. before the It was the art were thought off, brouglit 00 ;4; 4 tact of the of 1317t.e.o.urmli:tionreifield experiments parr being really the young of the salmon, and not as was always supposed by many people, a distinct fish. Various controversies had raged on this point in the scientific world for a great number of years, both sides, as is usual in such disputes, considering themselves in the right. The Ethic's Shepherd Was among the stoutest of the disputants, and Isserid with might and main that a pave was a young sal mon ; but it was reserved to Mr. Shaw,'forester to the Duke of tsuealeuch at I)rumlanrig, to demon strate the fact, which he did in a series of experi ments, carried out during a period of five yea.rs,-as . viz., from 1 833 to 1838 . Mr. Young, of Invershin, n i,nager of the puke of Sutherland's fisheries, also and the b ecam e oigaged in similar Piperiments, aimed at by that gentleman was e p - t : r f r salmon, and that it certainly changed to tin conclusiontlia that tl. was unJoubtedly the young of the smolt state as Mr. Shaw said—with' this differ ence, that Mr. Young asserted that the change took i place in one year, while Mr, Shaw maintained that t the parr was two years of age when it became a ' smolt, The Stormontfield operations have now pro- both gentlemen to be right and also , in a ed sense, bo - . *lx to be wrong, as it has been shown that one-half of the' narr leaves the pond the first year, the other half tolio-7,ing in a period of 12 months; he said to be still carried and the disputation may - on, for we are in ignorance Of Any regulating principle by which the change from parr to smelts is produced, or to account for the ph-171w which impels the fish to proceed to sea the moment thej have assumed the smolt dress. With the view of determining some of these ano malies in the natural history of the salmon which are still in abeyance, further experiments of a more elaborate kind than those originally determined on were instituted at the breeding-ponds. Thus, in November and December, 1857, provision was made for hatching in separate compartments the artifi cially impregnated ova of-1, parr and salmon ;2, grilse and salmon ; 3, grilse pure ; 4, salmon pure. It was found,when the young of these different matches came to be examined early in April, 1859, that the sizes of each kind varied a little. Mr. Buist, the superintendent of fisheries, informing us that," Ist, the produce of the salmon with salmon are 4 inches in length ; 2d, grilse with salnion, 3 inches ; 3d, grilse with grilse, 3 inches ' • 4th, parr with grilse, 3 inches; sth, smolt from large pond, 5 inches." These results of a varied manipulation never got a fair chance of Being of use as a proof in the dispu tation, for owing to the limited extent of the ponds, the experiments had to be matured in such small boxes or ponds as evidently tended to stunt the growth of the fish. Up to the present time we have not solved the riddle which has so long puzzled our naturalists in conncctiou with the growth of the salmon. Another idea has also been tested at Stor montfield by Mr. Buist. Some theorists supposing that the salmon ova might be impregnated before it left the female fish, it was determined to test this. A box or two were set aside and stocked with ripe pva direct from the female fish. The result was foreseen by all concerned—the whole of these eggs rotted away. In connuence of the limited extent of the esta blishment at Stormontfield, it is found to be incon venient to stock the boxes annually, as the two year-old brood in waiting for the period of exodus would certainly devour the new-born fry as they emerged from the egg and were admitted to the pond. The whole of the experiments conducted on the Tay have been entirely successful, with the exception of season 1855, which partially failed, it is supposed, froth' unskilful management in the manipulation of the grt:ed fish and the severity of the season. The next liatrings were more ;:artunate, and helped to swell the stock Of the river. Kr. Buist, under his piscicultural cognomen of Peter of the Pools," gives us the following statis tics ;•—" In one of our lines of boxes we deposited 11,000 eggs of a female salmon, impregnated with the milt 6f a male grilse, each of the boxes contain taing upwards of 1,000 eggs. Of these 11,000 only about 30 eggs were addled ; the remainder all pro duced living fish, that are now (May 29, 1858) swim ming abottt among the thousands from other boxes. This certainly is a very gratifying result, as not one in a hundred of ova deposited in the river by the salmon themselves comes to life, owing to perils of floods and droughts and risks of being devoured by fishes and waterfowls. rlere an artificial breed ing protects 11,000 of the eggs from one pair of fish till they become living fry. These will be protected from the devouring pike and puddock warriors until ready to go to sea next year and the year following, while their contemporaries in the river are all that time subjected to the attacks of the marauders." In 1857 the total number of eggs which were laid down was 160,000, nearly all of which came duly to life, and were in good time launched on their journey oceanward ; and it is worthy of remark in connexion with this batch that the eggs were from 14 grilses and the milt from 15 salmon. In order to ascertain at what period the smolts become grilse, and what percentage of the smolts come back from their first trip to the salt water, a system of marking was adopted for the purpose of arriving at some correct data on these points. The results, however, have not been quite so satisfactory as could be wished, some of the plans of marking adopted having failed. The young fish thrives so rapidly that in two months it may grow from a smolt the size of a man's finger to a fish of 51b or 61b weight. It is obvious therefore that those marked by the insertion of rings or the cutting off of any of their fins will soon outgrow all such marks; when holes are punched in their gill covers nature soon fills them up ; when the dead fin is cat the place heals over and leaves no trace of the mark • but, in spite of these drawbacks, some marked smolts have returned to the Tay grown in the space of a year into the proportions of hand some grilses a few pounds in weight. For instance, of 1,300 smelts marked in 1855 by cutting off the second dorsal fin 22 were caught and seen by the superintendent as grilses. The latest breed (at Stormontfield, the result of which is not yet determined), is entirely for full grown salmon, and the backward season has very greatly retarded their growth. It is pleasant to know that the hundreds of thousands of fish bred in these ponds are already felt as a makeweight in the revenue derived from the Tay fisheries. Rents are again on the rise, so that the proprietors will in due time be amply compensated for the small assessment necessary for the piseicul tural operations which have of late years attracted so much attention at Stormontfield. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —The following are not the least re raukable among the numerous extraordinary cures with out medicine effected by Du Barry's delicious Health Re storing Revslent a Arabica Food. Cure No. 47,121.—Mi5s Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage, Waltham-cross, Herts : a cure of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gather ings, low spirits, and nervous fancies. Cure 48,3. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liverpool; a cure of 10 years dyspepsia and all the horrors' of nervous irritability. Cure 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure, of constipation, dyspepsia, nervous irritability. Cure 34,210. Dr. Shorland, of dropsy and debility. Cure 36,212. Captain Allan of epileptic fits. Cure 46,814. Mr , S amuel Laxton, Leicester, of two years dianto3a. Cure 64,812. Miss Vir ginia Zeguers, cured of consumption, after her medical advisor had abandoned all hopes of recovery. Avoid Pills and Medicines: they invariably aggravate and perpetuate diseases ; their annoyance, disappointment, and expense may be avoided by using Du Barry's Food which, at a few pence per day, eaves 50 times its cost in other remedies, removing effectually, o ,thout purging, constipationt i n digestion <dyspepsia) nervous , bilious and liver complaints and all their consequences. Ceetificate No. 36,418. We find it the safest Krnedy. Andrew Ure, MD,, F.H.B. Dr Harvey, Dr. Wurzer, Dr, Shorland, Dr. Camped, Let invalids avoid the fearful dangeea of spu rious and injurious imitations offered under a variety of false pretences. Nevill's imitatio ns are p rohibited by the high Court of Chaney y under a penalty of £5,000 against Alfred 'Hooper Nevill and his flgelits; and the pretences that Nevill has a patent for Arskiza. Food and that Du Barry's are coti,nected with such patent are utterly fake. No canister is pilule,: without the name Barry Pu Maly .awl Co., 77, Regent-street, in full, ontheseal and wrapper. Shopkeepers who attempt impositien in one article must expect to distrusted in all others. Packed in tins 11b. 2 s. 9d.; 21b. 4s. 6d. ; 61b. 111. ; 121 b. 225. ; 241b.465. The 121 b. and 241 b. canisters ewe sent carriage free on receipt of Post-office order by Barry Du Barry and Co,, 77, Re' gent-street, London; Fortnum Mason, and Co.; Abbic, 60, Gracechurch4.treet ; 4, Cheapside ; 63 and 150, Ox bard-street.; 330 and 461, attend; 49 and 60, Bishopsg,ate street ; Batty, 1 6 , Finsbury Pavenee.4.t . ; Phillips and Co. tea.4.4eys; Petty, Wood, and Co., King Willk,p r otree,t 00 nowriki 'ad 411 grocer*, LA If I NTELLIGENCE.—JaIa. 2t DIVORCE COURT. BEVAN FALSELY CALLED ➢InIAIION V, At:MAHON.— EXTRAORDINARY CASE. This was a suit instituted by Margaret Lee Bevan, the pet itiouer, to set aside her marriage with James M‘Malion, the respondent, on the ground that the said marriage had been effected by fraud, and was therefore null and void. Mr. Collier, Q.C., and Mr. Brand were counsel for the petitioner; and the suit was undefended. Mr. Collier opened the case, and from the learned gentleman's statement it appeared the petitioner was the daughter of a wealthy and respectable sur geon, who had been in extensive practice, and re sided at Clayton Lodge, near Liverpool, at the time of the marriage, but was since deceased. The re spondent was an omnibus conductor at Liverpool, and ',the petitioner was in the habit of using his conveyance, and the alleged marriage took place on July 23, 1858, the young lady at the time being of full age. Previous to the performance of the cere mony the petitioner had only a few interviews with the respondent, and it did not appear that she had any affection for hi m , or con t emp l a t e d co h a bi t i ng with him. It was agreed between the parties that the marriage should be clandestine, that the respon dent was not to claim the petitioner as his wife for two years, and the lady also states that she posi tively never intended to live with him. The learned counsel said that he was quite unable to explain the lady's ruotiVea for the strange conduct she had adopted, but that she was at the time in a morbid state of mind, labouring under the impression that somebody had grievously wronged her, and in that mood when the most desperate and unaccountable acts have been committed. The partiea knew that they pilld pcit be seeretly married at Clayton Lodge, and they resolved that the ceremony should be solemnised in a parish some miles distant, vii,, St, Cieorffe'q, Everton, "Walton-on-the-Hill. It was also arranged, in order to ensure secresy, that he should obtain the license without giving her full name, as well as a different de4cript4ou as to resi (Tepee. ri„lip lady's mother's maiden name was Lee, and her family, who lived at Chester, were highly respectable, so that if the name of Lee had been used, it would have led to the deteetion of the parties, so that that portion of her name was sup pressed in the licence obtained from the surrogate. he and the respondent were _also degerlbed as re siding at Toxteth Park, near Liverpool, instead of Clayton Lodge, and the respondent further misdi rected himself as a bookkeeper. The omission of the name and the misdeseription constituted the fraud upon which the petitioner applied to the Ceart. After the solemnisation of the marriage the parties left the church in a cab and separated, the respondent going to his employment, and the pe titioner returned to her home, where she had since resided. The marriage was not consummated, and no iptereourse took place after the performance of the ceremony. The marriage was discovered by the onth after the eere petitioner's parent about a PI mony, and she told the respondent, to whom she appeared to have conceived considerable aversion, that she would never live with him, and ho had trot claimed her as his wife. Immediately on the ,i sco _ very of the marriage the lady's father commenced but died befere they could proceedings for a divorce ; be prosecuted,and there was reason to believe that , his death was hastened by the indiscreet conduct of the petitioner, who instituted the present suit her , self. Witnesses were called, who fully established that the parties had been married under the misdescrip tions in question. Miss Bevan, the petitioner, a young lady of con siderable personal attractions, was then examined. —She stated that in 1858, while living at her father's, she was introduced to the respondent by a cook in the family. She saw him from time to time when she travelled in his omnibus, and she had also some interviews with him at her father's house. He wanted her to marry him, and she at first refused. He asked her several times, and she at last consented and it was agreed that in obtaining the licence he should suppress her name of Lee and state a false residence in order to deceive her parents. It was also agreed that he was not to claim her as his wife for two years. After her parents discovered the mar riage she told him she would not live with him, or be obliged to do so, and he endeavoured to persuade her to the contrary. She only saw him once after wards in Devonshire, and there had never been any familiarity between them. A witness was also called to prove the falsification of the description in the licence, which closed the pctitionee'z case as related to the facts. Mr. Collier then addressed the Court, and con tended that as the marriage under the circumstances would by illegal if published by banns, it was also invalid though solemnised by licence, though he could not cite any precedent. Sir C. Cresswell considered that from the novelty and great importance of the case it was advisable that it should he argued on the other side, and before deciding he would desire the Queen's Proctor to instruct c01...."5el for that purpose. ,-.11 . 1 on the legal points in sup am;n LI: , case was adjourned. por '! t ir o . t' l t 3 f t Ae n p d et w it a i s otc; HANSON V. HANSON. In this case the wife petitioned the Court foe ft dissolution of marriage, on the ground of her hug band's adultery and desertion, and the respondent entered no appearance. Dr. Twiss, Q C., and Dr. Tristram were counsel for the petitioner. It appeared that the parties were married in 1856, and shortly after the respondent, who is a medical man, left his wife, and had not since cohabited with her, or contributed anything to her support ; but she had received letters from him, assigning as a cause of his conduct that he was des titute of means. It appeared, further, that in 1858 he was living in Paris with another female, and the facts of the case were fully proved. Sir C. Cresswoll having commented on the heart less conduct of the respondent, granted the decree nisi with COSLS. POLICE INTELLIGENCE—Tan. 24. LAMBETH.— EXTRAORDINARY CASE—LIABI LITY OF A HUSBAND TO SUPPORT THE ILLEGITI MATE CHILDREN OF HIS WIFE.—Mr. Geo. O'Brien, a gentleman, who formerly lived in Albany-road, and who then carried on the business of a brewer in an extensive way in Camberwell, attended a eecond time to answer a summons taken out against him by the board of guardians of the parish of Camberwell to show cause why an order should not be made to compel him to pay for the maintenance of two children, the illegitimate offspring of his wife before her marriage with him. It appeared that about seven years ago Mr. O'Brien married an actress of some fame, and considerable personal attractions, and who was considered a lady of re putatien and character, and the issue of the mar riage was two children, at present living. Some time after the marriage Mrs. O'Brien had two children and a young woman of 13 or 14 years of age introduced to the house, and these she repre sented to her husband to be the children of her sister, and her husband, believing them to be so, allowed them to remain under his roof. A change in his circumstances and other causes led Mr. O'Brien to live away from his wife, but at the same time he allowed her 15s. a week for her support and that of his two children, and this con tinued until 12 months ago, At that time a letter was received by Mr. Sedgeley, oao of the parish officers, calling his attention to the destitute condi tion of some children at a certain house in the pariah, and on going there four children were found in the (plias , nearly naked, and in a most neglected, wretched state, and they were at once removed to the workhouse. The mother, who gave the name of Moore, and the young woman who she represented as her sister, were apprehended and examined at this court on a charge of wilful neglect of the children, and' in the course of the investigation the true his tory came out, namely, that the young woman and two elder children were the illegitimate offspring of Mrs. Moore, as she called herself, before marriage. After several examinations the, mother and daugh ter were discharged, and on the facts of the case reaching the earn of Mr. O'Brien, he at once had his two children removed to the care of a proper person, and has since supported them. The other two remained in the workhouse, and an application had been made to Mr. O'Brien to pay for their maintenance, but he positively refused to subscribe a single penny for their support; and a summons was applied for and obtained against him. This summons came on for hearing a fortnight ago, when the defendant's attorney (Mr. Neale) took excep tion to his client's liability, on the ground that there was no legal evidence before the Court to show that the children were the illegitimate offspring of Mrs. O'Brien. All the officer could say was, that Mrs. O'Brien herself had said so ; but this was no proof, as she had told her husband that the children be longed to her sister, and therefore no reliance was to be placed on her word. He (Mr. Neale) con tended that there should be legal proof of the ille gitimacy of the children before his client could be I called on to maintain them. • Oa the application of Mr. Sedgeley, the parish , officer, the ease wag adjourned for a fortnight, to afford time to find out Mrs. O'Brien to give the necessary evidence, and the parties again ap peared before the lion. G. C. Norton. Mr. edgoley informed his worship that he had, since the former day, made every exertion to find Mrs. O'Brien, but without success, and therefore he had no further evidence to offer in the ease. Mr. Neale again urged the former objection, and Mr. Norton adulated that further vrouf ITO#B necessary before he could make an order on the defendant, and dismissed the summons. SOUTH WA lIK.---HORRIBLE CRUELTY TO CHILDREN BY THEIR FATHER.-Wm. Dearmer, a powerful-looking man, formerly in the M division of police, but at present employed as a carman by Messrs. Pickford and Co., was brought up for fur ther examination charged with cruelly beating and keeping without food his two children, Edward Dearmer, 14, and Sarah Dcarmer, 11 years of age, but who did not appear to be more than eight and five respectively. The poor children, when brought into the court, excited the commiseration of every one present. They were covered only in part with rags, exposing their nudity and large wounds and bruises. The boy, who was rather intelligent, told his worship that his mother died in 1851, and his father got married again a few years ago. They now lived in Union -street, Borough-road; and after his father was dismissed the police force he got a situation at Messrs. Pickford's. lle generally went out at six o'clock in the morning, when they were locked up in a room and supplied with bread soaked in water for breakfast, dinner and tea ; but on Sundays they had a little rice boiled in water. The little fellow said he had.almost forgotten the taste of meat, as he had had none since his mother's death. They were washed about twice a month, and 'never had any underclothing. They slept in the passage on a piece of old carpet, and had an old shirt and two sacks to cover them. On being questioned by the magistrate, the lad said that they got out of the rooms sometimes and went to. the lodgers downstairs, who gave them bread. When their father came home he ordered them upstairs, and to strip, when he beat them un mercifully with a heavy cart-whip. The magistrate remanded the prisoner, so that some communication could be made with the parish authorities, who, in such a brutal case, ought t o prosecute. Mr. Jay, one of the relieving officers of St. George's, Southwark, now attended, and said that he had seen the children, and a worse sight he never saw. He should lay all the particulars before the Board of Guardians that evening, and he had no doubt they would prosecute. The prisoner was accordingly remanded until Tuesday next. HAMMERSMITH.—CONVICTION OF A VOLUN TEER MESS MASTER UNDER THE EXCISE LAWS. —Mr. Charles Frederick Biglin, the mess master of the [South Middlesex Rifle Volunteers, appeared before Mr. Dayman to answer an information at the instance of the Commissioners of Inland Revenue, for selling beer and spirits, by retail, without a licence, whereby he had incurred penalties amount ing to £l2O. Mr. Dwilly appeared in support of the inf.,- rma tion, and Mr. J. Bird attended for the der end ' ant. Mr. Dwilly said the information - "" three counts, one for retailing beer, contained which the defend ant was liable to a penalt wines and spirits. *La of 120 and for selline enalty bein £5O in each g '. case, The de .endan t y p esided at Be g aufort House, _ N"th :end, Fulham, which was the head. quarters of Lae South Middlesex Volunteers, and in consequence of complaints, from persons in the district of wines, spirits, &c., being retailed there without a licence, an officer was sent to Beaufort House for the pur pose of ascertaining the fact. Mr. Henry Best, an officer of Excise, stated that, on the Bth of Nov., last, he went to Beaufort House. There was a' concert on behalf of an institution in the neighbourhood. He had previously pur chased a ticket in Hammersmith, and with it he was admitted. There was a great number of persons, and people were turned away. In the course of the evening he went into a lower room, where refresh ments were being served. He purchased a pint of ale which was served by a waiter, and he paid 4d. He afterwards had some sherry, for which he paid Bd., and it was served by the defendant. He also had a glass of brandy, and he paid 3d. for it. In cross-examination by Mr. Bird, the witness said he was not asked upon entering if he was a member of the volunteers. A volunteer was stand ing there. He did not observe any notice inside that none but members of the corps would be served with liquors. The defendant was sitting behind the bar. Mr. W. Jones, the supervisor of Excise for Ham mersmith, was called to prove that Beaufort House was not licensed. He also stated that Mr. Best went to the concert by his directions, and a day or two afterwards he (witness) called at Beaufort House and told defendant that he had been retail ing wines, spirits, and beer, and he at once admitted that he had. The defendant further told him that he came into Beaufort House with the express understanding that he should have a licence, and that he had both spent and lost money upon the place. Mr. Bird, in defence, stated that the South Mid dlesex Volunteers had formed a club at Beaufort House, and directions were given not to serve any persons who were not members. The defendant had no recollection of serving the witness, there fore he must submit to be fined, and he would have to make a representation to the board for mitigation. Mr. I)ayman inquired the position Qf the case ' 4 f thP witness had been a member of the rifle com pany. Mr. Bird said in that case the Excise could not have laid the information. Mr. Dwilly differed with the learned gentleman. Mr. Bird contended that as the defendant was only the servant of the club, therefore the informa tion could not have been laid. Mr. Dwilly said the defendant was the seller and kept the profits, therefore he was liable. Mr. Dayman then convicted the defendant, and mitigated the penalties to one-fourth, namely, £5 for the beer, and £l2 Ns. in each of the other counts. REMARKABLE DISCOVERIES OF OIL SPRINGS. The' Neui York Tribune of the Bth inst. contains the following communication with regard to the remarkable discoveries of oil springs which are now attracting so much attention : Cuba, Allegany, New York, Jan. 3. Our village is to-day in a blaze of excitement, conse quent upon the discovery of oil in large quantities in this immediate vicinity. To give you and the public a clear idea of the state of the case, I must inform you that a large hill lies north-west of the village, distant about one mile. At the foot of that hill, on the west, i s w h at was always called an oil spring. It is in appearance a mud hot -say 20 feet across, and 10 feet deep, without an y outlet, and has always been covered with a coating of oil. This oil, from time immemorial, has been skimmed from the surface in small quantities, and used for medicinal purposes, cur ing,Ter a full account of this of sprains, bruises, ac, spring, examine the history of General Sullivan's cam paign through Western New York in the course of our revolutionary war. A mile square of territory, in eluding this spring, has always been considered an Indian reservation, but a few years since ex-Governor seimour, dodge Berl, Chemberlain, and t others, took possession of it, and have since sold all or nearly all. In the meantime :the Indians contest the title to it, and the decisions in the Circuit Court and Supreme Court in full bench have all bean in favour of the Indians. About a year since, upon the finding of oil in such quantities in Penn sylvania, on the li ne o the Atlantic and Great Western Railway, a Captain Ad en , S. W, Bradley, Esq., and some associates, care here and leased this land of all parties in the controversy, and a short time since commenced driving a pipe for oil. After getting the pipe down 20 or 30 feet, yesterday the oil suddenly burst up with great force, and is now discharged in large quantities, much to the annoy ance of the workmen, I was there to-day, and although they only pump now to clear away for the drill to work, they still get a barrel in an hour, some of the time, and at others more water and less oil. To estimate the true value of this well, you must bear in mind that oil is always found beneath rock; and in this case they have not yet got down to the rock, the oil that they are now gathering being only what escapes through the fissures in the rocks, and leaks up through the earth, A Mr. Martin is bor ing a inch well on the east side of the same hill, all the way through solid rock. He is now down 130 feet, and the water that is pumped out to clear for the drill is strongly improg laca w i t h oil, forming quite a coating on the top of each pail of water, There is no longer a shadow of a doubt but wheat we will soon have plenty of oil hero within a mile of the Erie Railroad, with every convenience and, if deemed a d v isabl e , f b o u r i P ld r i o n e g ur r i e n fin t e h r s e , 0i1, 411 d shi l p lim in i g s h i tt; g the pure oil ready pre pared for burning. The stock of the company owning the last mentioned well, with the par value of 25 dollars per share, is now held in the face of offers of 250 dollars per share. LEICESTER ELECTION.-A third candidate has appeared in the field, avowing Radical principles. On Tuesday evening Mr. P. A. Taylor, of Newcastle-upon- Tyne, addressed a largo meeting in the Theatre Royal. He expressed himself as a Radical, and stated that he was in favour of an extension of the franchise, a permissive ballot, and the abolition of church rates. He denounced the Reform Bill of last session introduced by Lord John Russell as being a poor, " miserable bantling." He was in favour of keeping up our defences in an efficient state, con sidering the increasing armaments of France and the low ering aspect of European affairs generally. The foreign policy of the present Government he approved—viz., no n .. intervention, Our continental neighbours might fight f or increased territory and conquest, but he wanted England to arm for the purpose of Mending her liberties and consolidating her security. Mr. J. F. Hollings, ex-mayor, occupied the chair. When the name of Mr. Harris, the Whig candidate, was incidentally alluded to by the chairman it was received with hisses and groos‘ Under present circumstances the chance of Mr. Harris being re turned is almost entirely hopeless, The Conservatives are. gratified with the division in the Liberal ranks, and feel certain p o r f e c v a e r n li n g g t t h h e e r e e l t e: n o t o m f M r r Mr. Harris to rOIT frcl ra t h e Contest, Ileeygate. The only r and for ko,w gentlem an entertaining sound Liberal v i ews a n Y d g m a te r V I? a u l y l d o r b e f also, $o ate? forward] THE WALBROOK MLIRDEIt. Yesterday Mr. W. H. Phillips, deputy coroner for the Wolverhampton district, held an inquest at the Wallbrook Tavern, Wallbrook, near to the Princess End station of the West Midland Rail way, on the body of Elizabeth Lewis, a married woman, aged 30, whose throat was cut on the 21st of November last by John Stephenson, a lodger. Stephenson made improper advances to the deceased, who resented them, and he cut her throat with a razor. Having left her for dead, he drew the razor across his own throat, and almost immediately fell a corpse by the side of the unof fending woman. In his case the jury returned a verdict of.felo de se, and his body was interred with the customary indignities accompanying the burial of a self-murderer. Not the faintest hope was en tertained of the woman's recovery during at least a fortnight after she had received her injuries. By that time, however, she had begun to mend, and continued to improve till she could talk audibly and with ease, and meat and wine formed part of her diet. On the 16th inst., however, she left her room without the ,knowledge of her surgeon (Mr. Smith), and taking cold, was compelled to return to her bed. In two days she was suffering from bronchitis, and, on the 21st inst., just two lunar months from the day on which she received her wound, she died of asphyxia produced by an attack of bronchitis supervening on the wound in the windpipe. Her case was a remarkable instance of successful surgical treatment. A post morteta examination of the throat made yesterday by Mr. Smith showed that the windpipe had been. quite divided, excepting the small membranouj portion behind, in the position just below the tarynx, yet the several parts had been brought into perfect ap position, and the wound had thoroughly healed. Before her relapse, occasioned by the most repre hensible incaution, Mr. Smith, had entertained con fident expectation of her recovery being complete enough with due caution to enable her to resume her usual duties. It was shown that the deceased and her relatives were prone to cancerous diseases, which, added to the very dangerous'position of The wound and the poverty of the patient, cause', the progress that she made towards a complete r(..covery the more remarkable. It being the surgeon's opinion that the wound in the throat 'was the pri mary cause of death, and the evidence as adduced on the inquest of her murderer be' ig again related by the several witnesses, the,irary returned a verdict of wilful murder against J, Olin Stephenson. C ° (7 :; TR Y MARKETS. BIRMINGHAM-JAN. 24. 'WM a large supply to-day, English fine and dry wheat must be quoted at is decline on late rates for good sorts, and damp and inferior qualities declined 2s per qr. Oats fully as dear. Barley at a decline of Is. Beans and peas only taken in retail. MANCHESTER—JAN. 24. A moderate attendance to-day, and business limited in extent. Best English wheats brought last week's prices ; seconds held for is to 2s less money. Flour declined 2e per sack. Oats were ld per 451bs, and oatmeal 6d per load cheaper. Beans firm. Indian corn the turn lower. MELTON MOWBRAY—JAN. 23. • - There was an average show of wheat to-day, which sold at rather lower rates for all descriptions ; condition bad. Barley little inquired for, at is under late rates. For oats t our quotations were sustained Prices :—White wheat, 66s Od to 638 Od ; red, 50s Od to 608 - per 36 stone ; barley was steady, at 32s to 42s for malting, and 28s to 34s per qr. for grinding ; oats, 29s to 38s Od per 24 stone ; beans, 50s to 55s for old ; new, 50s per 38 st. EDINBURGH GRAIN-JAN. 23. Wheat on the top 2s Od up ..... average 2s 8d down. Barley on the top Os Gd up... average Os 9d up. Oats on the top is 6d up. . average Os 3d up. Beans on the top 2s Od down average Os Gd down. Averages per Imperial quarter. Wheat.... New wheat . . 0 0 0 0-12ths Barley . 1 18 11 11-12ths Oats 1 9 2 6-12ths Beans ATotal Supply and Sales. Wheat ..1157 qrs Sold 870 qrs 8ar1ey........1753 qrs Sold 1473 qrs Oats .2608 qrs Sold 1728 qrs Beans.. 252 qrs Sold 167 qrs CORK—JAN. 23. The following were the quotations this morning :—Red wheat, 22s Od to 29s 6d ; white, 29s Od to 33s 6di barley 14s Od to 21s Od ; oats, 15s Od to 15s 2d. DERBY SMITHFIELD—JAN. 22. There was an average supply of fat beasts to-day, and the best quality of beef was in good demand and a clear ance effected, at former prices. The supply of fat sheep was short, and they were readily disposed of at an advance. Fat and store calves were scarce. Fat pigs also scarce, but the demand good. Beet Old to 71d Veal Mutton ... 7d t o 801 Portc Lamb ~ —d to —d Rou g h f a t, 5 s Cd per stone Hides, 2id to 4id Calf skins, 5d to 6d. 2'HE MAILS. MAILS DUE. Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South ampton) Do. (via Marseilles) Brazil and Cape Verde Feb. 4. * ia . . Jan. 18. 12. Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, Su). Jan. —. Cuba and Mexico Jan. 28 Canada, &o. (via L'derry) .. Jan. 23. Cape of Good Hope, &c. Feb. 1. 2 1 16 ... M SP illesi China, Pen D an o g, and Singapore ((vvitaa 'aramse Gibraltar (via Southampton) .. ~. • . Jan. 25, India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) Feb. 1, Do. (via Marseill es ) Jan. 2& India (Bombay), (via Southampton) .. Jan. 25. Do. (via Marseilles) Feb. 4. Lisbon • • „ .• • • Malta, Egypt, and Ad en ( v i a S outhampton) es - lan. 25. Do. (via Marseilles) .. Jan. 2G. Vigo, and Oporto .. Feb. 1. United States, California, &o. Jan. 23. Western Coast of Atrica, Madeira, Teneriffe .. Feb. 10. West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &o. Jan. 28. ~~ }. EXPORT OF GOLD To AMERICA.—The Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Steamship Company's screw steamer Vigo, which sailed from Liverpool yesterday for New York, took out £59,000 in gold on freleat. The Cunard Company's screw steamer Kedar. which sailed • from Liverpool for N ew Y or k on Tuesds4, took out 0,750 in gold on freight, • THE ROCHDALE COT' NTY COURT CASE.—TIIO Rochdale County Co pct was occupied during a gteat part of " yesterday with -' ;he case Maden v. Catnack, which recently attract -' 3 - a a good deal of attention in consequence of the judge (C. Temple, Esq., Q.C.) refusing to take the evidence of the plaintiff's wife, after she had consented to take the usual oath, because she avowed herself a secularist, and said she did not believe in a God or infuture rewards and punish ments, which his honour termed an outrage on public opinion. Yesterday Mr. Craufurd, M.P,, barrister, ap peared for Mr. Maden, and asked for a new trial. The learned counsel spoke about two hours, quoting the opinions of some of the most eminent English, Scotch, and Ameri can jurists on the question. His honour refused the appli cation, observing that he was bound to interpret the law a • laid down in the statutes, believing that parliament havin made exceptions in favour of the Quakers and Moravian would also have made them in cases like the present if i had intended the courts to act in that spirit. He com plained that on a former occasion he had hardly been fairly reported. [ADVERTISEMENT.I—HoIIowars. Ointment and Pills.-- Imperfect Health.— ommon colds should never be ne glected ; disastrous results are sure to follow any re-ex posure to the inclemency of the weather. The mucous surface must be thoroughly cured before the patient can be pronounced safe. Holloway's soothing ointment, •well rubbed upon the throat, back, and chest, has the most wonderful and salutary effect in allaying inflammation an d subduing irritation. The teazing, irritable cough soon yields, i the thi ckened expectoration is more freely ejected, while Holloway's pills purify the blood, regulate the circu lation, and strength en th e s y s t em . Th es e two invaluable remedies will leave the lungs and air passages sound and healthy in hyin tobronchitis, ordinaryco ip ld d s a, effec tually prevent their sub siding t nhd ff er i e a, or c asthma. 13:1 IL T IL 8. Rev. the CharlesR e ct o ry, Kingweston, Carey, of 6 'th a o t C daughter. A s it o E m Y e . r7e o t, ll t t h h e e 2 w 2 i d f e i n o s f t. GORDON.—On the 23d inst., at 1, Halkin-street west, Belagrave -a daught q er.uare, the wife of Como Duff Gordon, Esq., of MACNAD.—On the 24th inst., at 19, Stanford-road, Ken siigton, the wife of John Macnab, Esq., of a son. MARRIAGES. COBBE—CLARKE.—On the 22d inst., at the pariah church of Silkstone, Lieut.-Col. Charles Augustus Cabo, chief constable of the West Riding of Yorkshire, to Sarah Anne, the eldest daughter of the late Robert Couldwell Clarke, Esq., of Noblethorpe, in the same county. HOWELL—HALL—On the 24th inst., at Saint James's, Piccadilly, John Richard Howell, second son of H. W. Bowel], Esq., of Glaspant, Carmarthenshiyo, to Sarali, widow of the late Cuthbert Collingwood Hail,. Esq., and granddaughter of the late Admiral Lord Coll ingwood. DEATHS. BEACIIEY.—On tho 23d inst., at Highweek, Devon, John Beachey, jun., Esq., of the firm of D'Arcy and Beachey, solicitors, Newton Abbot, aged 33 . CROOL—On the 2 1 st inst., at Worthing, Mr. Josiah Crook, of Hackney, and 73 , Coleman -street, L on d o n, aged 34. HARDMAIsT.—On the 20th inst., at Ardwick, Manchester, J. Hardman, Esq. L - rorr.—On the 24th inst., Edward Lyon, Esq., of Sussex place, Kensington, and the Stock Exchange, aged 67. PERCIV kLL.—On the 24th inst., at Park-place, Brixton, Ilr nd m L .P lo Esq., av erage adjuster, of Austinfriars R AD FORD.—On the 21 s t i nst., at Notting-hill, Rear-Ad miral Samuel Radford, Keil., aged 76. LONDON : Printed and Published by I,IIJRDO YOUNG, a t No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE Sur/ 0111ce, No. 112,Strand. in the Predict of the Savoy, in the County ot_Auddieso Jai 2.5 k 1801. ,e 0