The Sun. — London, England, 1856-02-05 00:00:00

The prices of food, the state of trade, and the weather have a certain influence on the marriages, births, and deathg. Upon comparing in the table the prices of the principal articles of food in the last quarters of the years 1853, 1854, 1855, it is seen that wheat was 69s 10,1, 6&J, and 793 4d a-quarter ; beef was sd, s a il, and 5 6-8 d a pound. Mutton sd, 6d, and 5 6-8 , 1 a pound. Bread was dear during the last quarter. The average prices of beef and mutton by the carcass were equal, differing little from the prices of 1854, but higher than the price, of 1853. Potaidas have fallen from 150 s. a-ton in 1853 to 955., and this materially alleviates the preisure from the high prices of other articles. The weather is fully described by Mr. Glaisher. The mean temperature of October was above, of November and December below, the averages of those months. The air was humid in October and November, dry in December. The average quantity of rain fell at Greenwich. The mean tempera ture varied from 46.5 deg. in Cornwall and Devon to 411 deg. in North Shields ; the fall of rain, from 10 . 5 inches in Newport and Ilyde, to 5 . 5 inches in Liverpool. 5,502, and below the average. Scarlatina has been very fatal. It prevailed with much severity in the colliery districts of Durham. The two villages in Easington in which it was most fatal are situated very low, on a marshy, damp, badly-drained soil. In South Shields district, where many men are employed in the construction of the extensive dock, scarlatina and typhus have prevailed. At Ea:Hinton, Morpetb, small pox has been raging among all classes, affecting both young and old. Those who had not been vaccinated were great sufferers. Fourteen persons died of Asiatic cholera, seven of diarrhoea, in Sunderland East—the seat of the first outbreak in IS3I. In Monmouthshire and Wales 5844 persons died. Scarlatina and typhus attacked some districts ; but the mortality was leas than in the two previous years. Upon the whole, - the health of England and Wales exhibits evidences of improvement. Naval and Military Intelligence. Admiral Sir E. Lyons, G.C.8., will return to the command in chief of the Mediterranean and Black Sea fleets in a few days. The gun-boat flotilla at Portsmouth will commence forming at the Motherbank this day. Each boat, instead of one gun, as in the last campaign, is armed with two heavy long-range guns and two howitzers. There are 26 at Portsmouth already fitted and in commission. They are the following Gleaner Stork Biter Tickler Beaver Skylark Dapper Starling Jackdaw Hind Swinger Pincher Snapper Bustard Carnation Thistle Weas Al RIII Lena Seagull Plover Bullfrog Dove Charger Cheerful Cockchafer Whiting Iler Majesty's ship Cassar, 91, screw two-decker, Captain Rohb, was dressed in a garland of flowers, evergreens, ribands, and "red, white, and blue" ensigns on Saturday at Portsmouth by the crew, in honour of their captain, who was married on that day. Her Majesty's ship Colossus, Si, Captain the Hon. H. Koppel, was taken out of dock, after refit, at Ports mouth on Saturday ; and the Blenheim, 60, Captain Hall, C. 8., was taken in yesterday. The sailing-ship Rodney, 92, was taken into the fitting basin yesterday to be adapted as a depot-ship for the Balt►e. The screw sloop Falcon, 17, Commander Ptelen, was taken out of ►luck after repairs, and the Gleaner gun-boat taken in yesterday. Mr. Archibald, an extensive landed proprietor of Nova Scotia, having discovered a valuable iron mine on or.e of his estates in that country, has conceived the idea of appropriating its proceeds to the purposes of the War Department. A 6-pounder gun has been cast from a sample of the metal, and this he has conveyed to Eng land. The gun has gone through a thorough process of trial at the proof-butt at Woolwich, and stood some good tests well. The metal is considered to be capable of as ►ouch resistance as any of our service gun and mortar materials heretofore in use. Mr. Archibald has conse quently laid a proposal before the commanding officer of the Royal Gun-factory Department at Woolwich Arsenal to enable him to work his mine under a contract to sue• ply the British Government alone. Six sample rockets were fired for experimental pur poses from the Arsenal marshes at Woolwich on Satur day, with a view of testing the efficiency of an im provement brought out by Capt. Boxer on the old Con grove system. The experiment turned out very satis factorily. It is therefore intended to introduce this im proved principle in the future manufacture of rockets. The Ann, of Plymouth, and the Mary, of Exeter, schooners, are shipping a number of 68-pounder guns from the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, to man the gun boats at Portsmouth and Plymouth. An extra supply of about 20 tons of powder is ordered to be conveyed from Purfieet to Woolwich Arsenal, as an increased demand of 18 cwt. per day is now required, so actively are the war preparations being carried on there. The gun-boat Grasshopper, Lieut. Commander Lee, has nearly completed her fittings, and will be shortly ready to go down to Woolwich Arsenal to receive her ammunition, &e., for service. The crews of the Merlin continue to assist in manning and fitting out the gun-boats, and her officers have been transferred to the Vixen. The Dee, Master-Commander Pullen, entered Wool• wich basin yesterday morning to reload with steam ma chi n ery fir Portsmouth and Plymouth. The Firefly has completed her repairs, and has co►n. menced coaling.. THE PUBLIC HEALTH. (From the Quarterly Return of the Registrar-General.) This return comprises the births and deaths registered by 2,196 registrars in all the districts of England during the autumn quarter that ended on Dec. 31, 1855 ; and the marriages in 12,155 churches or chapels, about 3,685 registered places of worship unconnected with the Established Church, and 628 superintendent registrars' offices, in the quarter that ended on Sept. 30, 1855. The return is on the whole satisfactory ; but the marriages were below the average from various causes. The births were near the usual number ; and the mor tality vs much below the average, both i n the towns and in the country. MARRIAGES. 37,1i1 marriages were celebrated in the quarter that ended on Sept. 30, or less by 999 than the numbers in the corresponding quarter of 1854. 74,302 persons were married. The annual rate for the quarter was 783 marriages to 100,000 of the population, the average of the 10 preceding and corresponding quarters having been 809. Marriage was somewhat less frequent than it was in the corresponding quarter of 1854 in every county except Surrey, Kent, Hampshire, Oxfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Essex, Wiltshire, Herefordshire, Rutland, York (East and North Riding), Durham, and Northumberland. BIRTH N. 148,853 births were registered in the last quarter of the year 1355 ; or more in numher by 2,394 tha❑ the births in the corresponding quarter of 1854. The annual rate of births in the quarter was 3'128 per cent. on the population, which is near, but somewhat below, the average (3-142). There was an increase of births in every division, except in the two divisions south of the Thames and in the Eastern counties. The registrars account in various ways for the decrease of births. At Royston the registrar says :---" Many young married men are crone into the Militia." The Militia is referred to also by the registrar at Hatfield ; and at St. Alban's " the removal of many your)° , women with the numerous re cruits" accounts for the decrease of births. Upon the other hand, " the formation of the camp at lildershott," it is said, "accounts for the increase of births and deaths" in the district of Farnham. The registrar of Southampton notices that only 84 births took place in May, while the numbers in that month in previous years bad varied from 95 to 142 ; and on the whole he has a decrease in the year of 136 births, which he attributqs "to the fact that so many ships belonging to this port have been detained in the Black Sea, father than to a diminution of the population." The decrease of births in Carnborne, Redrutb, is explained by "the fact that a very large proportion of the male population has been for some time past employed in Amer:ca at the copper mines of the Lake District, and the gold diggings of California and Australia, where a great number of Cornish miners have emigrated, leaving their wives and families at home, who are maintained by remittances from the husbands." INCREASE OF POPULATION. In the Northern and Midland counties the effects of temporary or local causes of the decrease of births in the south have been neutralised; and generally in England there is little ground of complaint or of any apprehension of a paucity of births, as 635,123 children were born in the year of war 1855 ; or 208,381 in excess of the number of deaths (426,242). In the last quarter of the year the excess of births over deaths, or the natu ral increase, was 51,734. Of the immigration into England and Wales from Ireland and Scotland during the period no records exist. 24,207 emigrants Failed from the ports of the United Kingdom at which there are Government emigration officers ; 16,111 to the United States, and 7,329 to the Australian colonies. 7,615 were ascertained to be of English origin, 840 Scotch, 10,689 Irish, and 1,426 foreigners ; the origin of 3,637 was undistinguished. The number of English emigrants during the year was 57,132. The total number of emigrants from the United Kingdom was 166,253, exclusive of 10,554, ascertained to be foreigners. The numbers of the two sexes were nearly as 10 females to 11 ma:es. Of 54,902 men whose occupations were distinguished 7,167 were farmers ; 29,963 were labourers ; 2,511 were carpenters or joiners ; 1,814 were bricklayers, slaters, &c. ; 661 were painters, plumbers, or glaziers ; 1,735 were miners ; 639 smiths ; 623 shoemakers ; 816 tailors. Oaly 972 called themselves gentlemen, pr)fessional men, mer chants, &c. Of 58,950 women, 19,386 were returned as married ; 13,616 as servants ; the occupations of 25,222 women were undistinguished. THE PRICES OF PROVISIONS AND THE WEATHER. STATE OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH. 420,242 deaths were regiatetied in the year 1855, or less in number by nearly 12,000 than the deaths in the previous year. The rate of mortality was 2'269 per oent., or nearly 22 two-thirds on every 1,600 inhabitants. The mean of the previous 10 years was 2.284, so that the mortality of the year was in the aggregate below the average. The civil registers contain no record of the deaths in the Crimea or elsewhere abroad. The deaths of 97,119 persons were registered in the last quarter of the year ; and the annual rate of mor tality was 2041 per cent, on the population, or 0 . 157 less than the average rate of the season (2.208). The mortality of 117 districts, comprising tile chief towns of England and Wales, was in the quarter at the rate of nearly 24 is 1,000 ; the mortality in the other 511 districts, containing the small towns and the coun try parishes, was at the rate of 13 in 1,009 ; the avenge rates of the 10 auto mu quarters preceding were nearly 26 in 1,000 in the large town district - 4, and 20 in the small town and the county districts. The mortality was slightly below the averktee in each of the South-Eastern counties ; Croydon and Dartford, which formerly suffered from epidemics, were healthy. Canterbury, Gravesend, and Farnham have suffered to some extent from epidemics. Smallpox prevailed arnone the soldiers at Canterbury, who it appears had not I:een vaccinated. Scarlatina prevailed in Alverstoke, New port (Isle of Wight), Winchester, and Windsor. At Winchester there have been " seven deaths from fever ;" and, adds the registrar, " about the same number of deaths from syphilitic gangrene or Moos grace, which prevailed in the military hospital, and also in the county hospital and union workhouse, especially among wo men." The mortality is much lower than it was last year in the South Midland counties. In a few districts opide mice prevailed. Smallpox has been fatal in Ware, in the "densely -populated ciurts and alleys," where vaccina tion was neglected. The registrar at Royston notes : " Sanitary arrangements much neglected ; typhus very prevalent. Scarlatina was fatal in Welwyn, Harpenden (Hertford), Chesham (Rucks), Turvey, Bedford, and Cardington, Ivineboe (Buds), in Cambridge, Ely, and Wisbeach., Snaall.pox occasioned some deaths in these counties. Many complaints are made of the working of the Vaccination Act. Scarlatina and fever were pre valent is Cambridge both during summer and autumn. The mortality was low in the districts of the Ea , tern counties, with the exception of Risbridge, King'e Lynn, Saffron Walden, and a few more. Scarlatina in a ma lignant form was prevalent in the parish of Downhain and in the Ingatestono sub•district. Erysipelas, chiefly of the face, was very prevalent in Coggeshall. The re gistrar of Manningtree says :-- "Several fatal cases of typhus and scarlatina }dye oc curred in the parish of Ramsey, which is situate a few miles from Harwich. I consider Ramsey to be the most unhealthy parish in this district. There is a large tract of marsh land surroundinx the village, and, as far as I can learn, a great want of drainage exists. Some sani tary measures ought to be at once put in motion, other- wise the inhabitants must continue to suffer from a • disease which is an prevalent in almost every cottager's residence in the parish." At Sudbury only 54 deaths occurred in six months out of ahont 8,000 people. The population are fully employed. The improvement in the health of Rattlesden Stow district) is ascribed to " sanitary regulations." In the South-Western counties the deaths (8,333) were below the average. Scarlatina was, however, fatal in several districts ; so was fever. In St. Keverne, in Cornwall, the excess-of deaths (121 to 29 births) was the consequence of the wreck of the bark John on the Manacles, when the bodies of 93 emigrants were cast on shore. Th e di m i n i s hed mor t a li ty of Edingt on (West bury) is referred to the works of the sanitary inspector. The poor of Heavitree, near Exeter, suffer much from the high price of food, but soup kitchens afford some alief. Tho West Midland counties (Gloucester, Hereford, Salop, Stafford. Worc es t er , an d W arw i c k) exper i enced a rate of mortality much below the average. Th e d eaths were 12.504 in. 1853, 13,611 in. 185-1, and 11,172 in 1855. The decrease is most striking in the great towns ; thus, in the last quarters of 1853 and 1855 the deaths in Bristol and Clifton were 904 and 726; in Wolver. hampton 858 and 704 ; in Dudley, 1,032 and 747 ; in Birmingham and Aston, 1,888 and 1,440. In Coventry the deaths showed little decrease. Of the 94 deaths in the Holy Trinity sub-district " 54 are those of children under three years old, the causes of death being gene . rally either natural weakness,' diarrhea,' o r con . vulsionß.'" The deaths (5,631), except in Intim), were below the average in the West Mi.lland counties — namely, in Leicester, Lincoln Nottingham, and Derby. In Cheshire and Lancashire the improvement is less extensive than it is in other counties. The deaths were 16 ,928. Th e deaths in Liverpool and West. Derby, where scarlatin, t a and e pid em i c were 3,487, or 27 3 more than in the last cheater and Salford,quarter of 1853. Thu deaths in Mari on the ether hand, were 2,396, or 874 less tha n in 1853 Many deaths from scarlatina oc curred in Runcorn. deaths occurred among In K no tt-l ane , A s ht on , se veral persons who were attended by an unqualified p rac titioner The decrease in th e mort'ality of Yorkshire is consider able ; the deaths in the last three months of 1353 w e re 10,670 ; in the last three montlB° year 1855 they , were 9,421. Bradford, Leeds S t the heffield, York, and Hull exhibit a great dim theinutionin number of deaths. The deaths in the Northern. Counties —Durham, Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmorland—were The paddlewheel steamer Ardent, Commander Hu bert Campion, arrived yesterday morning at Woolwich from the Black Sea. Her term of commission having expired, she will be paid off and docked for repairs. The Ardent wal engaged from the 24th of May to the 21st of November in the Sea of Azaff in the destruction of Russian forage and grain and in sinking and destroying vessels. She left kertea on the 20th of December, 1.(1- zatch the 2d of January, and Constantinople on the 4tb. The following appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty :—Commander G. F. Burgess, to the Stromboli, vice Cole; promoted ; Lieutenant T. T. Phillips, to the Centurion ; Lieut. H. G. Belson, to the Esk ; 3. W. M'J. Hall, Master, to command the Re sistance, vice Hartley, invalided ; F. L. Barrington, Midshipman, to the Coquate ; A. M'Clatchie, Surgeon, to the Algiers ; John W. Reid, Surgeon, to the Bruns wick'; John. F. Pritchard, Surgeon, to the Colossus ; S. S. D. Wells, Surffeon, to the Sanspareil ; John Cotton, Surgeon, to the London ; and John Barclay, Surgeon, to the Ficgard. • -MILITIA. The Royal London Militia, which has been quartered on the publicans of Finsbury, St. Luke's, and Shoreditch for the teat 12 months, mustered in the Artillery-ground on Friday morning, marched to the Waterloo station, and went thence by rail to the camp at Aldershott. As they passed through the streets, with the band playing, they attracted an immense concourse of people. The regiment was met at Farnborough by the Royal Eltherne and Hertford Militia, and played merrily into camp. The Ist Somerset Militia Regiment under order to be in readiness for taking its departure from Teuntost, where it has been stationed since the 10th of April last. The officers and non-commissioned officers were unani mously resolved to contribute one day's pay each to the Nightingale Fend. The Royal Elthorne or sth Middlesex Regiment of Militia contributed 200 volunteers to the troops on ac tive service on the Ist inst., when the regiment, being formed in square, was addressed in the following terms by the commanding officer Major Miller :—" Soldier s of the Royal Eltho rn e Middlesex Militia,—You have again an opportunity of volunteering fer the line. You offered to a man to serve your Sovereign in the Crimea, which is recorded ta yourcreXt by the Miniet :r for War, and I have no doubt pie will again come for ward under the superintendence of that gallant officer Major Hardinge. Royal Elthorne,—You have given 700 men and officers. to the Guards, Rifles, and Line, where you will see your comrades wearing the medals of Alma and Inkerman, for in every instance you have volunteered to regiments at the seat of war, and thus proving your devotion to your Queen and country. Soldiers,—Lieutenant-General Kuollys has been kindly pleased to remark your smart appearance and improve ment since we have been in camp—show that we de• serve his encomiums. Men of the Royal Elthorne, one word more,--Enjoy the bounty money you receive, but. don't spend it foolishly ; use, but do not abuee it ; above all avoid drunkenness. You can help your mothers and sweethearts with it ; and, whatever part of the world you may be called upon to serve in, may success attend you." These judicious and spirited words were received by the men with the live:iest expre.ision of satisfaction. M.ETli' I POLIPAN BOARD OF WORKS. YostFrday a meeting of the board was held at the Council Chamber, Guildhall, under the presidency of Mr. Thwaites, mainly for the purpose of electing a su• perintending architect of metropolitan buildings, the other items in the agenda paper being to order sum monses to issue against defaulters in the Holborn divi sion and the Surrey and Kent district, and "general business." After the reaJing and confirmation of the miiutos, The PRESIDENT remarked that the election might now be commenced. lie had received 16 applications, but one of the candidates had since withdrawn his name. Mr. FEW said that ho himself and several other mem bers considered that the amount of salary advertised by the board to be paid to the superintending architect was too low. If the president considered him in order in so doing, he would move that the court do now adjourn the appointment of this officer for 10 days ; and it this mo tion wore carried, he intended to follow it up by pro posng that a committee of the whole beard should re consider the question of the remuneration of the super. inter.ding architect. The PRESIDENT ruled that the hon. member was quite in order. _ _ _ Mr. BURSLEII seconded the motion, conceiving that they had fixed the salaries cry. too cc momical a scale. Mr. SAVAGE moved and Mr. DALTDN seconded an amendment to the effect that the election be now pro ceeded with by reducing the list of candidates to four. The PRESIDENT having put the amendment, it was carried by a large majority. The list of candidates was then reduced by show of hands to the following four names. The numbers ap pended give the result of the voting : F. Alarrable - 27 w. Tiosking 2l Chas. Ilakewell Julan Barnett The lett ers of applicatiox and the names of the re ferees of these gentlemen were then read by the secre tary, and th ey themselves were permitted to address the Court. A number of questions were put to the candidates by Mr. H. L. TAYLOR and other members of the board. Eventually the voting stood thus :... Mr. Marrable... 2l ... •19 ... 21 Mr. Hosking 14 16 ... Mr. Hake l3 ••• --• Mr. Barnett l7 —l7 17 The PRESIDENT observed that, as Mr. Marrable had the highest number of votes, it was no w his (the Presi dent's) duty to put it to the board whether Mr. Mar rabic) should be superintending architect. The question having been put, 30 votes were recorded in favour of Mr. Marrable, who returned thank s in brief terms. The remaining business, which was of a formal cha racter, was then disposed of, and the board adjourned. • WORCESTER. ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM. A crowded meeting way held in Worcester Guildhall, on Friday evening, 0 petition Parliament in favour of mea sure of administrative reform, and to rnemoria!ise the (2 ,, ein for an inquiry into the circumstances connected w.th the fall of Kars. " Exclusive of the Artillery, for whom sep;►rate warm clothing was provided, the whole force in the Crimea, at the eo'i of November, appears to have been about 23,000 or 24,000, and the supplies which had arrived from Eng land is the end of November and beginning of Decem ber, for the purpose of equipping them with clothing suitable for the winter, were as under :-1" hocks, woollen and flannel, 80,400 ; drawers, ditto, 35,500 ; stockings and socks, 69,056; militia trousers, 6,000; militia coats, 5,934 ; great coats, line pattern, 8,300 ; watch cloaks or coats, 5,075 ; blankets, 24,025 ; rugs, 10,975 ; pail lasses, 20,000 ; bolster cases, 4,000; ammunition boots, 29,840 ; and shoes, 5,820. " Had all these supplies come safely to hand, they would have furnished about three woollen frocks and three pairs of socks or stockings, as well as half that proportion of drawers, and a❑ extra blanket to each man. There were also enough of rugs, paillasses, and greatcoats, or watcheloaks, to have furnished, absut one of each for every two men, which would have been suf ficient ; because, owing to the duty to be performed, only a Froportion of the men could be in their tents at the same tiros. " Unfortunately, the Prince was lost on the 14th of November with all lief supplies, but an officer was im mediately despatched by Lord Raglan to Constantinople for the purpose of making purchases to replace them, who succeeded in obtaining the quantities specified in a list given in the appendix. " WARM CLOTHING FROM CONSTANTINOPLE, " Of these, a portion was sent over immediately by the Brandon, the Valorous, and the Sidney. The Queen of the South also arrived from Malta on the 18th of November with further supplies, so that there was avail able for distrib u ti on i n t h e end of November and be ginning of December (by which time the thermometer had not fallen below the freezing point) the following articles :—Frocks, woollen and flannel, 35,682 ; drawer., woollen and flannel, 20,481 ; stockings and socks, 72,602 ; greatcoats, 12,:75 ; watch-coats or cloaks, 6')o ; blankets, 14,367 ; rugs, 10,325 ; paillasses, 11,450 ; ammunition boors, 18,600 ; shoes, 4,020 ; ca pw es and gregoes, 995 ; comforters, 12,043 ; mits, 8,724 ; militia trourers, 6,630 ; ditto coats, 5,934. " TLe quantity lost in the Prince, however, was so great as to leave the supply very inadequate for the wants of the force till the end of December, by which time nurn't runs vessels arrived with large quantities of warm clothing, bath from England and Constantinople. In the meanwhile the supplies which bad come to band might have been applied to the protection of the troops, aim we shall, therefore, proceed to inquire whether steps were taken for that purpose. " DISTRIBUTIOZ OF WARM CLOTHING. " With the exception ef some articles given out to two or three regiments in the end of November, the issue of the underclothing, consisting of woollen frocks, flannel drawers, and stockings cr socks, as well as about one halt of the trouser,, commenced from the Quartermaster- General's store in the first week of December, and at the same time a distribution of blankets took place. These supplies, which were assigned to the regiments in quan tities proportioned to their numbers, afforded about one snit of underclothing, including a pair of socks to each man, with a blanket to every two men. On the arrival of fresh supplies in the beginning of January, each man was completed with two suite of under clothing and socks, as well as one extra blanket. During the month of December the severity of the weather had increased, and the medical officers describe the sufferings of the troooe, for want of proper bedding, warm coves ing, and clothing, as very serious. No circumstance was more dilated upon by those gentlemen than the condition of the men lying on the muddy floors of their tents, with nothing under or over them except a blanket or great coat, often quite wet. From this condition even the sick were not at that time exempt. RUGS. " It will be observed, that among the supplies re ceived as early as the 21st of November, there were • .early 8,000 rugs,. and that the number in store or on board of ships in the hal tour, on the 7th of December, exceeded 10,000- -irrespective of 3,750 lost in the Prince. rugs were nearly as well calculated as blankets to give the protection from the cold, and were, perhaps, better suited to resist wet ; yet, when the supply of blankets fell short, it does not appear to have occurred to any one that the rugs were available as a substitute. They continued to arrive by different vessels during the month of January till the number amounted to 25,000 ; but, while the man are stated to have suffered severely for want of sufficient covering, the return of clothing re. ceirod and is,ued from the Quartermaster-General's store shows that the troops were supplied with only 800 oat of 24,000. " This circumstance is the more unaccountable, be cause on the 18th of Noveniber, Major Wetherall was directed to purchase, at Constantinople, 22,000 blankets, or rugs.' " Tiio only explanation that has been offdred to ac count fur the non-issue of those rugs is the statement of Atjor Wetherall, that he occasionally mentioned to the Quartermasters of different corps that there were such things in store, and that they declined taking them. We could not learn, however, from any of the Quarter masters whom we questioned on the subject, or even from their superior afters, that they were aware of the existence of these rugs ; and certainly it is not usual to leave it to the Quartermaster of L. corps to determine what amount of covering the soldiers shall have. He alts merely as the authorised raceive,r of the stores for the corps •; and it is not easy to conceive on what grfnin,ls any officer could decline to receive these sup plies, which were of the best description, at a time when the men were suffering seriously from cold, and had no means of keeping themselves warm except by using additional coverings. "BLANKETS. " When the intelligence of the loss of the Prince and of the increasing severity of the climate in the Crimea was received in England, additional supplies of blankets "It does not seem 0 have occurred to the officers %Am were charged with the distribution of this clothing that so large a quantity of greatcoats could hardly have been sent at one time for the mere purpose of replacing such as were worn out. Used only for that purpose, the number, amountiog ultimately to 37,000, would have been sufficient for nearly five years ; and the quantity constantly arriving might have convinced them that it was not inten led to assign any other limit to the distri bution than the wants of the troops. No carps was likely to require the renewal of its greatcoats so unex pectedly as not to admit of their being sent from Eng land, if the stores in I3alaktava could not furnish them. "It might, however, be expedient, when supplies the issue of which is regulated by Royal warrant are sent out to be otherwise distributed, that some intimation to that effect should be given, in order that officers may not be subjected to any risk of personal and pecuniary responsibility by setting aside the authority of the war• rant. THE SUN, LONDON; TUESDAY EVENiNG, FEBRUARY 5, 1856. THE BRITISH ARMY IN THE CRIMEA. We publish to-day a portion of the second report of Sir John M‘Neill and Colonel Tulloch upon the condition of the army last year in the Crimea : "London, January, 18.56. " My Lord,—Before entering upon the next branch of our report, which relates to the supplies of clothing, blankets, &c., it may be proper to advert to the condi tion of the troops in that respect when they arrived before Sebastopol in the last days of September. " SEPARATION FROM KNAPSACKS. "The British soldier usually carries in his knapsack clothing sufficient to admit of at least one change, but on landing in the Crimea, so great was the anxiety to advance rapidly upon Sebastopol, that authority was given to leave the knapsacks in the transports, and of this permission most of the corps appear to have availed themselves. Generally, therefore, each soldier had only a shirt, a pair of boots, and a pair of socks, loosely rolled up iu his blanket ; and even of these a great part was lust at the battle of the Alma, or during the march. This separation from the knapsacks could have produced but little inconvenience had it terminated with the march ; but, unfortunately, they were left on board of the different vessels from which the men had disem barked, and these, being urgently required to bring re inforcements and supplies, were sent to the opposite coast, carrying the knapsacks with them. It appears from the evidence that, on the average, more than six weeks elapsed before they were recovered, and then, in many cases, only after they had been plundered of a great part of their contents. The valises of the cavalry, which were likewise left behind, shared the same fate, and the great majority of the troops were thus deprived for a considerable time of a change of clothing. " Had the whole of the knapsacks and valises been collected under a proper guard, in one or two vessels selected for the purpose, and instructed to proceed along the coast till the army arrived before Sebastopol, no bad effects would probably have resulted from an arrange• anent which enabled the men to lighten the fatigue of the march ; but for want of this precaution, the troops, with few exceptions, had to commence the siege operations, in the beginning of October, with hardly any clothing beyond what they had on. The work in trenches is pe culiarly destructive, and the soldier's uniform was soon reduced to a threadbare and tattered condition. This separation from their knapsacks not merely affected the comfort of the soldier, bat was in a great measure the cause of the wretched and destitute state in which the sick and wounded arrived at Scutari, as referred to in the report on the State of the Hospitals of the Army in the East. "In such a place as Balaklava nothing could be pur chased for the re-equipment of the soldier ; he could neither wash nor change his clothes. His person conse quently became covered with vermin, and where affec tions of the bowels prevailed, as was almost universal, the shirt rotted from filth, and had generally to be cut off his back when taken into hospital at Scutari. "As a soldier usually takes into hospital, in his knap sack, everything that is required for keeping his person in a state of cleanliness, no sufficient preparations had been made at Scutari to meet the demands for shirts and under-clothing of the thousands who arrived in this des titute condition. There was also a great want of knivee, forks, and spoons, as it was the usual practice for the soldier to bring these along with him. • " It is necessary to trace this accidental destitution to its true cause—viz., the separation of the men from their knapsacks, otherwise it might be supposed of an event of ordinary occurrence, arising from defective equipment, whereas no troops can be better provided in this re:pect than the British army. " It will be seen from the evidence of Colonel Gordon, then Assistant Quartermaster-General, that he attributes the non-recovery of the knapsacks at an early period to the general officers of divisions, with the exception of the Duke of Cambridge, preferring not to receive them. On referring, however, to two if the officers who cons- mended divisions on that occasion, one of them states I positively that no such offer was made to him ; another that he has no recollection of it, though it may have been so ; the third being absent, we have had no oppor tunity of communicating with him on the subject. " Most of the knapsacks, with such of their contents as could be recovered, were restored to the troops by the middle of November. In a meteorological register kept at Belaklava, it is stated that till then the weather was generally fine, with little rain, but that during the latter part of that month and a osneiderable portion of Dd ceruber there were heavy rains with cold nights. From the time of his lauding in the Crimea the soldier had the ordinary field equipment of a greatcoat and blanket, which up to December appears to have been sufficient for warmth ; but he suffered much discomfort from re maining constantly, for more than six weeks, in the same clothes, occasionally wet, without the means of changing them ; and it is not improbable that the seeds of disease may thus, in some cases, have been sown. What he principally suffered from, however, during the early part of the winter appears to have been the want of something, besides his blanket, to lay under him on the ground et his tout, which, after heavy rains, was (lamp or muddy. !‘ WARM CLOTHING rnoxt ENGLAND. were sent out. On the 24th and 27th of December, two vessels arrived at Balaklava, bringing 25,000—a num. ber which was more than sufficient to have given a third blanket to every man. This would have enabled him to have two dry blankets in his tent, besides the one which he generally brought in wet from the trenches, an ar rangement which had been found very beneficial in the Naval Brigade. "It will be observed that Colonel Gordon, in his evi dence, assigns as a reason for the non-issue of many of these supplies, that he conceived the men had enough, and he enumerates a long list of articles supplied to them ; but he overlooks the fact that the greater num ber of these were not issued till about the end of Janu ary or beginning of Febrir ry, whereas the period during which the men principally suffered was in the months of December and January, when it appears there were supplies enough in hand to Lave averted much of that suffe, ing. "TLe vessels before referred to, which arrived about the middle and end of November, hall also brought 21,450 paillasses, to protect the soldiers from the mois ture of the ground, of which, however, 10,000 were lost in the Prince. It was intended that they should be stuffed with hay or straw, but at that time these were deficient in the camp, and no effort seems to have been made tb provide a substitute, though wool from the op posite coast might pr o b a bly have been procured if pro per measures had been taken for that purpose. Had even the palliate-sack, together with one of the rugs in store, been issued, it would have afforded the soldier some protection from the moisture of the ground, t:11 a better bed could be procured for him ; none of the paillasses, however, were issued to the troops, and of a subsequent supply of 6,000 only abou t one half were used for the hospitals ; the whole of the rest remained in store. " It was not necessary that there should be a paillasse for each mar, and, indeed, a tent could not have con tained that number ; one to every two men would have been sufficient, for nearly one 1 Alf were out on dot t y at night ; and even in the end of November the number in store would have aforded that proportion. "GREATCOATS. "By the end of November, or beginning of Da. camber, about 12,000 greatcoats also had arrived at Balaklava. Of these there remained in store, during the months of Dtcembrr and January, when they were moat urgently required by the men, upwards of 9,000 besides nearly 2,000 watcheloaks. , These numbers would have furnished one to every two men, and, supposing one-half to be oa duty, would have afforded to each man a dry greatcoat or cloak to put on when he returned to his tent from the trenches, instead of lying down, as he often did, in on that which was wet and muddy. " But it was not necessary to have waited even so late as the end of November to commence an exten sive issue of additional greatcoats, for in order that there might be a proper reserve in -tore of so essential an article of equipment, 10,000 had been sent from England to Scutari so early as the month of July ; of these 3,325 only were sent to Varna, and the remainder lay in store at Scutari till the middle of December. There seems to be no reason why these should not have been at Ba,laklava whenever the approach cf cold wea ther required additional clothing ; and with the 11,000 which arrived iu the end of November, they would have afforded ample covering at a comparatively early period for all the men exposed on ritht duty; and on the arrival, iu the end of December, of the gregoeit, or hooded greatcoats, purchased by Major Wetherell at Constantinople, every man might have been supplied either with one of these or a greatcoat. " One of the reasons assigned for not issuing the regi mental greatcoats was, that the regulations of the ser vice, as establsheJ by the Queen's warrant, r:itl not authorise such issue more frequently than once in three years. The proportion of corps in the Crimea entitled to them in terms of that warrant was very limited, and it does not appear that any instructions dispensing with its restrictions were received there, or that any intima tion was given of the intention with which they were sent out. Had an application been made, however, it is'not probable OM the General Commanding would have refused to authorise, on his own responsibility, the distribution of articles of clothing which were likely to contribute to the health and efficiency of the troop, and if the Quartermaster-General doubted his own powers in this matter, it appears to us that he ought to have ap plied for that authority. "We have referred to the Ordnance Department through which these supplies were sent to the Crimea, in order to ascertain whether nay restriction was placed upon their issue. From the reply there appears to have been none, and that the whole were forwarded for the use of the army without any limitation or instruction on that head. " COATEES AND TROT:SI:RS. "On the 28th of November the Ottawa had arrived at Balaklava, bringing 6,000 militia coatees and 6,000 trousers, which had been despatched from England on receipt cf intelligence that the clothing of the troops had suffered greatly from the operations of the siege. It might have been expected that these would be distri buted immediately, but the whole of the coatees and one half of the trousers were still in store six months after their arrival. The reason assigned was, that the Secretary-at-War's letter of the 9th of Nov., 1854, an nounced 'the immediate shipment' of an extra suit of. clothing for each soldier, but it is understood that, for some of the corps, this clothing did not arrive in the Crimea till March, 1855. " We are desirous to direct attention to the circum stance that the preceding observations, relating to the non-issue of warm or winter clothing which was avail able m the Crimea, "refer exclusively to the interval be tween the end of November, 1854, when the first sim iles of that description arrive:4 and the middle of Jan., 1855—a period of about six weeks. After the latter date clothing and covering of every description arrived in such quantities, that in the course of a few weeks the men had more than enough ; buffalo robes to pro tect them from the moisture of the ground, sheepskin coats, fur caps, waterproof coats and leggings were all issued in profusion, as w e ll as a more li m it e d supply of long boots suited to the muddy roads and soli of that country ; but between the beginning of December and the middle of January they received nothing except the warm under-clothing previously mentioned, and about 3,000 pairs of trousers. It was during this period that the sufferings of the men were greatest ; and the liberal issues of the subsequent period could not repair the evil, "BOOTS AND SHOES. "Throughout the greater part of the winter the troops suffered much from the want of proper boots and shoes, not because there was any defici icy of them in store, but because, in a cold climate, the men required to wear more than one pair of socks or stocking, and because their feet had swollen so ranch from the effects of the cold, and from rarely taking off their boots and shoes, lest they should he unable to get them on again, that comparatively few were large enough. This was a difficulty which had not been anticipated in preparing these ripplies in, England many months previously, when it was uncertain where the troops might winter. They are generally made of certain specified sizes, which, under ordinary circumstances, are sufficiently large ; and as no suggestion me received from officers corn- manding corps to have the eiz s altered, the expediency of any deviation from the ordinary staudard does not appear to have been considered when supplies were for warded to the Crimea. " It must not be assumed, however, because the sizes of the boots hal not been adapted to the exigencies of the peculiar service and climate in which the men were employed, that the majority were unserviceable. Boots are usually issued from the Ordnance Department in five sizes, as under, and the following numbers of each size are sent in every packet of 80 : Measurement of each size. No. of each size sent out. No. 6 lo.f inches 2of the smallest, No. 6. " " 25 of .No. 7. 8 11 " 25 of No. 8. ~ 9 ll 2.8-1 20 of No. 9. ~ 10 ii Bof No. 10. As the difference between the smallest size and that of No. Bis of an inch in length, with a corresponding enlergernent in the other parts, there can he little doubt that about "two-thirds at least of all the boots sent out must have been available for the smaller and middle sized men ; this viewis confirmed by the fact that of all that were issued in December, January, and February, only about 5,000 pairs were returned into store as being too small ; consequently, if a proper application bail been made of these supplies on hand, it was the larger sized men only who were likely to have suffered from a deficiency, owing to the sizes Nos. 9 and 10, intended for them, having been given up to the others. "For the men who could not be fitted otherwise sup plies of Turkish boots and Frank boots were brought over to the number of 1,404 in December, and 1,625 in Ja nuary ; these quantities were, very probably, too limited, but to find ready-made boots of an unusual size must, no doubt, have been a difficult matter even at Constantinople. " With this exception, the supply of boots and shoes appears to have been sufficient to meet the demand, not withstanding the loss of 12,800 of the former, and 1,800 of the l a tt er i n t h e P r i nce, b ut i t i s possible that diffi culties may have occurred at first in the distribution, Owing to some of the. casks not having been packed in the usual manner. " On the 2d of December, being the earliest date at which we have any returns of the Quartermaster-Gene ral's stores, there were on hand 15,382 pairs of ammu nition boots ; frem 2,000 to 3,000 more were received into store in that month, while the number issued was only 10,329. In January upwards of 12,009 more were received ; we cannot' state exactly the number issued, owing to the difficulty of distingnishieg between those sent to regiments and those which were merely trans- . ferred to the department of Kadikoi, though entered as issues in the Quarterruaster-General's returns ; but the large supply on hand is not likely to have been ex hausted in the course of that month, and the quantity recei•: - ed into store ill February arid the succeeding months was so great as to prevent the prebability of any scarcity being experienced afterwards. " It seems to be doubtful whether any individual can be held responsible for the proper adaptation of such -" In the Appendix, we have given returns of the quan tities on hand in the Quartermaster-General's store at Balaklava on the 2d of Dec., and the daily receipts and issues from that date to-the end of March. In the course of this investigation, however, it csene to our knowled', e that but little reliance could be placed ape n the accuracy of the returns subsequent to the 25 hof Jan. On com paring them with the qtrintitiem in store and issued, ac cording to the Quartermaster General's books, it was found that the two accounts did not correspond, in some important items, by several thousands. From the evi dence of Major Wetherell nod of Col. Gordon, it ap pears that, while by the' returns of Mr. Archer (the Commissariat officer in charge of the Quartermaster- General's store at Bela.klava), 80,231 great-coats had been received into that store, the Quartermaster-Gene ral's books show, as in store and issued, no more than 23:,880. A still greater discrepancy is observable in the blankets, of which Mr. Archer states nearly 75,000 to have been received into store between the sth of Dec. and the 28th el Feb., whereas the Qiartermaster-Gene rare books show only 56,050. These discrepancies, as well as others iii regard to different item', had given rise to much correspondence between the Quartermas ter-General's department and the Commissariat, which did cot result in any satiefactory rectification of the ac counts. Tire difference appears, in some measure, to have arisen from Mr. Archer's being in the habit of writing off a; issues numerous supplies which had not been distributed to the troops, but which had merely been transferred from the store at Balaklava to the re serve store at Kadikoi, or to stare ships in the harbour. For these entries. Mr. Archer considered that he had sufficient authority, because he had pointed out, in the end of January, when it became necessary to occupy additional storehOuses, that he could only be responsible for such as were in his own custody at Balaklava. "Before submitting these returns in the Appendix, we endeavoured to,reconcile them so far as the explana tions we received would permit, but the discrepancies are still too great to warrant much reliance upon the returns of either departments, of a date subsequent to the end of January. A great accumulation of stores then began to take place, and, by the end of March, had so much increased as to be a'inost unmanageable. "From Cm receipts of the different descriptions of clothing and equipment, as given in the returns, it will be seen that, however touch the troops may have suffered in the early part of the wint:lr, there was not at any time, subsequent to the end of November, any actual deficiency in the Crimea of articles which might have been male conducive to their health and comfort, and that, at a later period, the supplies were :so profuse as to cause some embarrassment, besides entailing a consi derable expense for the hire of store-ships, which, under a better- egulated system of supply, would have been unnecessary. "With the view of procuring further information in regard to these issues, we have obtained from effacers commanding corps a return, showing the dates on which the different articles of warn' and extra clothing were received at each corps. Froin these it must be inferred that in many cases the supplies did not reach the men for a considerable time after they appear, from th© Quartermaster-General's returns, to have been issued. But there is no reason to believe that the delay was in any degree attributable to that department. Owing to the deficiency of transport, these supplies may have re mained in Balaklava for a considerable time before they could be conveyed to the front, or in any other way be made available for the use of the men. "There is a similar discrepancy between the regi mental and the Quartermaster-General's returns in regard to the quantity issued to each corps, and to which we were at first disposed to attach considerable importance; but we found 'that the Quartermaster-General's store keeper entered as issued everything that bad been ap portioned to the troops, and for which an authorised requisition had been produced ; whereas many of the Quartermasters of corps, owing to the reduction in the numbers of their umi by death, sickness, and absence, after the supplies had been apportioned, did not find it necessary to draw a►l that the requisitions authorised. A series of errors has thus arisen which i 5 is impossible to rectify. "The- Quartermaster-General's returns, however, upon which we have founded our conclusion', show the amounts and the i:ates of the authorised requisitions, and, therefore, thAtr,t - et qua-itity that could have been issued to the treow, and the eariiest date at which the supplies could have gone out of the store." Sporting Intelligence. supplies to the particular service on which troops are engaged, or for the exercise of the foresight :.eqt.Mied to insure suci; adaptation. that may rest with the Secretary of State for War, but prac tically, it is impossible that be should attend to every such detail. " So long as the'men had to pay for their boots and shoes there was a disinclination to purchase them from the public store, on account of their alleged inferiority in quality. Like all articles obtained by contract from the lowest bidder, the workmanship was bad, and totally unfit for endurance in the tenacious soil of the trenches, or for travelling along the muddy roads, in which the men were often half.leg deep. It is stated that, even when suffitieutly largo, they were altogether unsuited to resist the wet, and that the soles frequently came off in a few days. It was not until the arrival of booty corn ing. up to the knee, and of superior materials and work manship, that the condition of the soldier appeals to have been materially improved in this respect, that he was able to do his duty without the discomfort arising from belt g ill shod in such a soil. " Similar comp'aints wsre male by the commanding officers regarding- the quality and workmanship of the clothing. It is described as extremely spongy in its tex ture, badly put together, and quite unfit to stand the t?ar and wear of the rough work of the trenches. Some of the officers who had exsmined the clothing of the French soldiers stated that it was greatly superior in texture to that which was snoplied to the British troops. " The experience gained in the Crimea appears -to es tablish the expediency of improving the quality and workmanship of every part of the soldier's clothing, but it would be in vain to look for improvement so long as it is procured from the man who offers it the cheapest, in stead of from him who manZactures it of the best qua lity: " The arrangements relating to the issues of the sup plies from the Quartermaster -General's stores appear to have been of questionable expediency. The officers com manding regiments, brigades, or divisions were not made aware what articles were available fur the use of the men, and were informed that they need not send in re quisions for what they wanted, because, whenever there were supplies fur distribution, approved requisi tions would be sent to them for the proportions appro priated to their respective commands. The- special wants of each corps were not., therefore, brought to the notice of the head of the department, as they would have been if requisitions bad been sect in for what was required ; and it appears that rugs, paillasses, blankets, greatcoats, and uniforms, remained undisturbed, for which requidCons w. undoubtedly have been made if the c.inimanding officers had known that they were in store. On these grounds Col. Gordon acquits command ing officers of all responsibility in this respect. " We would venture to suggest that the commanding officers of. brigades, or divisions, should be informel, at least once a month, of the contents of the Qaartermas ter-General's store, and that they should be held respons ible fur the transmission to head-quarters of requisitions for whatever articles they consider essential to the wel fare of their men, .whether these articles may be in store or not. Commanding officers would then know how far the stores were capable of supplyin'e the wants of their men, and the Quartermaster-General would know what those wants were which his stores were unable to sup- PIY! _ • TATTERSA GUS-MONDAY. The buoyancy of Yellow Jack, Yorkshire Grey, and Epaminondas, for the Chester Cup. had a marked effect upon their respective positions. Jack rose to 15 to 1, taken; the Grey to 20 to 1, taken ; •and towards the close of the business 22 to 1 would have been taken about Eparninondas—the first two bets which were booked in his favour were 2,000 to SO and 1,000 to 40. Courtenay receded to 33 to 1. These were the principal movements relative to this event. Nothing was done on either the Metropolitan or Great Northern. TWO THOUSAND GUINEAS STAKES. 10 to 3 was the highest offer against Yellow Jack, and 7 to 2 against Flyby-Night-7 to 2 would have been taken about the former, and 4 to 1 to some Jnoney about the latter. 200 to 16 was taken about En. chanter. DEBBY. Wentworth and Edington were untouchnd. 10 to 1 would have been taken freely about Fly-by-Night; 1,000 to 70 waq taken about Artillery. CAL by :lane out of Barbarina was introduced at 1,000 to 15. LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. Sir Peter Laurie went ahead, and tooic a decided lead at 7to 1. The reacti , m ince Thursday last is attribut able to City pa,irotlage. 300 to 18 was taken about Emigrant, and Victor Emmanuel advanced from 20 to to 500 to 30, taken, Within the last few days the latter has been backed for a considerable sum of money. The room was nuuerousty attended, but speculation was still remarkably slow. Clueing prices LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. 7 to 1 agst Sir Peter Laurie (taken) 15 to 1 agst Black Swan (taken) 16 to 1 agst Emigrant (takes) 16 to 1 agst Victor Emmanuel 20 to 1 agst Minerva (taken) TWO THOUSAND. 10 to 3 agst Yellow Jack (taken 7to 2). 7 to 2 agst Fiy-by-Night (taken 4' to 1) 100 to S agst Enchanter (taken twice) CHESTER CUP. 15 to 1 agst Yellow Jack (taken) 20 to 1 agst Yorkshire Gray (taken) 20 to 1 agst Epaminondas (take 22 to 1) 9 5 to agst Mishap (taken) 30 to 1 agst Fatalist (taken) 33 to 1 agst Courtenay (taken) 40 to 1 agst Scythian (taken, 50 to 1 also laid) . 50 to 1 agst Sugar Plum (taken) 1000 to 15 agst Warlock (taken) 1000 to 15 agst Cockatoo (taken twice) DERBY. 100 to 7 agst Artillery (taken) 20 to 1 agst Coroner (taken) 25 to 1 agst Vanderruulin (taken) 1000 to 15 agst Colt—Barbarina (taken) 10 to 1 wanted about Fly-by-Night. DRE DFI77, COT,LISTO 7 \7 T' THE r ~ l f: 7 . . • some ten minutes, a. she wa3 going all the time. 0.1 laying hold of it we were got on board, and were after wards landed at George Horner—l was on board the Joseph Willis, and saw all that occurred, as described by Wallis and Mr. Ford. I heard the captain cry out to the people, " Stop by my order , , and I'll run you on shore ; but shortly after that the ship heeled over on her side. I then heard the captain tell the people " to keep hold of the hen coops—toss them overboard, and keep hold on to them." I did as ho told me, and after being in the water some ten minutes, I got back to the ship, and got on to the m:zen, which was lying in the water, the ship being on ler beam en6s. A boat then came and took me off with some of the crew ; but I was so ill after this that I scarcely know what took placc , , ur, what beraaie of me. Thee survivors said that Captain Hunt, a Passenger on board the steaunr, mu most instrumental en reuder ing assista nce t o t h em and those who succee d e d en reaching that vessel. ' As yet but an imperfect list has been obtainel of those known to have been brought on shore. The following are the only Dailies sent up :—Mr. Henry G. Ray and Mrs. Ray, of Milton, near Sit tingbourne ; Walter Wright, George Horner, W. W. Wallis, Mr. Ford, S. Scott, C. Fleming, steward, passenger. cook, boat swain's mate, 1 midshipman, 1 apprentice, 3 boys, 2 sailore, and ship's butcher. The Josephine Willia was a new ship, and had only been one voyage. Her cargo is laroly inured. 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Solomons, opticians, 31/, Alheinarle street, Piccadilly. Observe opposite the York Hotel. lser Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for valuable and extraordinsi7 improvements in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Racecourse, Opera, and Per spective Glasses, to know the distain.ce of objects viewed through them—of great importance to the army, navy, and others. These telescopes possess such extraordinary powers that some three and a-half inches, with au extra eye piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's ring, and the double stars; with the same telescope can be soon a person's countenance three miles and a half distant, and au object from le to 20 miles. They are of larger and all sizes, with increasi ng powers accordingly ; w hil e their vary ing from 4 to 6 inches enable us to discover more than the above, and the Georgian;with his C satellites, &c.—The Royal Exhibition, 1 851.—Valuable, newly-invented, very small, powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen and known lA miles distant ; they answer every purpose on the race-course, and at the opera honse,, country scenery, and ships aro clearly seen at S to 10 miles. They are in va l ua bl e f or s h oo ti ng , deer-stalking, yachting, to ~t, sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, race - course, camp, and perspective glasses, with wonderful power. Newly-constructed Spectacle Lenses of th e great est transparent power. The valuable advantage derived from this invention is, that vision becoming impaired is preserved and strengthened, and very age d persons aro enabled to employ their sight at the most minute occu pation- can see with these lenses of a m uc h l ess manify. big power —and they do not require the f requen t c h anges to the 'dangerous effects of farther powerful assistance. Deafness—Now Discovery.—The Organic Vibrator, an ex. traordi nary powerful, small, newly-invented instrument for deafness, entirely different from all others, to surpass any thing of the kind that bas been, or probably ever ;an ho, p ro d uce d. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not per ceptible ; it enables deaf perms to hear distinctly at church and at public assemblies; the unpleasant sensation of singing 110iS3S in the ears is entirely removed; and it affords all the assistance that possibly cou:d be desired.—:i9, Albemarle street, Piccadilly. Obsel've 7 onposite the York Hotel. GREAT LOSS OF LIFE. It is our melancholy task to announce that a most fearful collision took place in the Channel, off Folke stone, on Sunday evening, between the Josephine Wil lis, Captain Carney, one of the London and New Zea land line-of-packet ships, and a pop:Tele' iron serest steamship, sailed the Mangerton, bound to the Thames, from Limerick, which resulted in the foundering of the former ship, and, it is feared, a lamentable sacrifice of life. The receipt of telegraphic messages from Remsgate and Folkestone announcing the catastrophe eceasioned deep feeling of regret throughout the shipping interest in the City yesterday. The Josephine Willis was a first-class ship of 1,000 tons burthen. She belonged to Messrs. Fletcher, of Limehouse, and was chartered by Messrs. Willis and Co., who run a regular monthly line of packets to New Zealand, for a voyage to A.ucklan , l. She cleared out from Sr. Katherine's Docks on Friday, laden with a valuable and miscellaneous cargo, 10 first class pas s.engers, amongst them Mr. and Mrs, Ray and a bre then relatives of. the owners, about 60 steerage pas sengers, and a crew, of and men, of some 35 in number, upwards of 100 on board, all told. She was towed down the river from Gravesend out to sea, and the pilot left her off Deal at 6 o'clock on Sunday even ing. The weather was fine and clear, with a moderate fair wind E.N.E., favourable fur her ran down Channel. Sire had passed the South Foreland, and was proceed ing as satisfactorily as could be wished, when about half-past seven o'clock, Sandgate hearing S.S. W., 9 miles distant, a cry was ritie.l by the look-out for ward of a light a-head. Whether the ktaainer saw the Josephine Willis, or miscalculated the distance she was off, are facts yet to be ascertained. However, she Caine on, and struck the ship amidships with such tremendous force as to cut her down to the water's edge. A :cone of the most painful description immediately ensued amongst the passengers on board the Josphine Willis, and a rush was male to get on board the steamer, which was then ascertained to be the Mangerton, Capt. Boucher, from Limerick. Unhappily, front some unexplained cause, Capt. Boucher almost di rectly backed his vessel out from the wreck. He may have had some good reason for doing so, but it is alleged that had he remained or stood by, the larger portion of those on board the ship might have been rescued. Only a few managed to scramble on board the steamer; others, as will be seen, were accidentally picked up some time afterwards. Capt. Csnney, who throughout the whole of the trying scene exhibited the most noble an I sea =alike conduct, endeavoured to pacify tare terrified creatures by assuring them that if they only attended to his orders they would all be saved. He called to them to come aft, where the bulk of the passengers were last seen. The ship then heeled over with the end of her yards in the water, and- what became of her living freight is at present a matter of conjecture. It is known that she has gone down, as her topmasts were to be seen just above water, not far from the spot where the collision occurred. The Mangertou steamer appears not to have made any attempt to go in search of the ship she had run into. Her bows and stern were completely driven in by the force of the collision, and on sounding the pumps it was ascer tained that she was making water. Her fore compart ment wi s partly full ; still, however, no serious conse quences were entertained of her condition. In addition to those who goton hoard her from the wreck, she picked up a boat containing several persons, and at six o'clock yesterday morning she anchored off Deal, wirer,: several of the rescued passengers were put ashore. As it was considered somewhat unsafe, in her damaged condition, to continue the voyage to London, it was proposed to send her into Ramsgate to undergo some temporary repair. She accordingly went into that harbour and landed the remainder of those she had on board hulouging to the Josephine Willis, in all about 29. Amongst them were the first and second officers, tire surgeon, and Mr. and Mrs. Ray. It was then ascertained that at midnight a boat had. reached. Folkestone from the wreck with seve ral of tine crew, and from their statements Lloyd's agents concluded that, as they reported they lead left the wreck on her beaanends, with tine passengere and crew shifting cargo and pumpiag,there was a chance. of savin g h er , andanumber of flailing boats and luggers put to sea in the d:rectian of the wrack, in the hoe° of rendering her aid. Some of them returned without having seen any thing of the ill-fated ship Several bodies, however, were observed floating about, and three were washed ashore, one evidently a passesger (neme unknown) with a life-preserver fastened round his body. The tubjonied statements of three of the survivors will furnish some additional detai's of the catastrophe. Mr.. Wm. Ford, of 3, Ridge-street, Landpert, Hants, passenger on board the Josephine Willis, said that about eight o'clock on Saturday evening, the 3rd inst., the look-out man called out to the chief mate, " A !ight ahead, sir." The chief mate raid "All right," and running forward, got to the forecastle, returned aft, went to the forecastle again, and then t> the middle of the ship, calling out to the light, which was drawing nearer to us, and proved to be a steamer, " Port your helm," severs! . times. A few minutes afterward', the steamer, the Mangerton, from Lim er i c k, C omman d er Boucher, cam e full speed into us, striking us iu mid sllips and cutting us down to the water's edge. We had lights up inn the foremast, and were ping at the rate of about eight knots, wi s h a very c l ear night and smooth sea. W. -W. Wallis raid—l heard the man on the look-out • say, "A light ahead," and saw the mate run forward and then return aft, and afterwards go to the middle of the ship and call out to the steamer which was steaming down on us, "Port your helm," as loud as he could 1 several times. About three or four minutes after wards the steamer struck us in the middle, by the main mast, and cut us down to the water's edge. Seine persons got on board th e s t eamer, wh i ch b acked her en gines, and went away from the ship, to which she never returned. I then went upon the poop, and saw the (lec tor pulling off his clothes. He put them on again, and got into a boat and went to the steamer. I then heard Captain Canney call out to the persons on beard, "Come all, and I'll save you all." He then called out to the crew, "Something the mainsail, and I'll run the ship on shore ; stand by my orders all hands, and I'll save you. We will run her on shore." The people then lowered the life-boat. I with several others got into it. We then picked up Mr. Ray and his wife, Catherine May, and Mr. Wright, who were in another boat, which we found to be sinking fee. We then lowed alongside the steamer, and having hailed them, they threw us a rope, which we could not catch for Hilda .. Riddell Braddyll FraniiFellgate ........ Haswell ................... . ... Hetton .................... Hetton Lyons Main ... 11 c. Kepler Grange ............ 0 Lainbton ............... 0; North Hetton ........... • 17 9 ; Plummer ...... ....... 16 Riehmund ............... 1 1 3; Russell's Hutton ......... S; South Hetton ............. . 1 • 1 8 0 Stewart's ....... • 11 6;Cassop ...................... .18 0' Hartlepool ................ 1 6 0 Hough Hall ............... 1 8 9 Kelloe .................. . ... South Kelloe .............. widiseud, &e. 'Toes ....................... .ts Acorn Close l7 0 Trimdou Hartlepool .•••. 1 7 Heaton Harvey Wylans 15 6 ; Evenwood ................ Healey 16 31 Ships at market... 180 I Sold SSA BORNE If I iS. , „„ g or qgnitos that the mall * are sent worn the General -- soy the nizbt—and LI by the etorntng—tleapateb.i 0 01.11 4 1 T E, bay wiwn it, to Genrra! Oftteb, L011%1011.. FrOlse - ,CtS Port Disp ntch Tan• 31 A.moricA(byttrit .pack)N Axcertee (by Erni Eilti EV.q. Packet) ..........N A.racrica (by U. State& 'hl vary Fridrq Liverpool Liverpool ISoutham , , , t Southampto , Dovor .... erti lj tioc Feb. Plymouth •• Dover ...• Southampton Southamptot Dover • • •• • • Southeroptot Southatn?tor Vexlons port DOW Feb 16 ' 1' Feb UnOrl°fi . - - - packet) tustralia (via South ampton) ..........M Ditto (via Marseilles) NI, Ditto (via Cape of Good; Hope) ............N) A.frica (West Coast) ..Ni Bahamas ...........E!; Belgium Brazil Buenos Ayres .. Cape of 1..t00d Hope ..N Cape of Good !lope ..N MIA) de Verds Ceylon (see India) Ceylon •....... N C Chatwel 151ea....,...N Chin% Constantinople Ciohitantinople ........ Cont. of Europe hi N F.opt (see. India) 9th of tlit month igouthamptol 111'on „Wed.,&Frla. 2 , 18;17th of moat, Once a month.... ,5,13,15,U,N;23 of if i.th 5; 10t!I I wien daily „ Southampton Southamptor IDover ... ;83:atihruptor iDover .... • France ........ 141 It Gibraltar ..yi Greece (sae India) Greytown M tit mburgh Ha vannah Holland ~11 Honduras ....... 11 India (viaSontilarnot.)M ladle (via Marseilles)3l loulau Islos (sue India) Ireland .• •• & Llib.3lt . • ......31 Madeira Madeira ........... 1.4 Malta (see India) Malta ............ Mauritius (see India) Mauritius •• ••.•f• 19 ti •••• •.......3d Vaples•• .••• •• •• •• ••1S; Oranada New Zealand Papal States ........24 Peninsula •••••• •• 11 Porn •••••••• • • • •. Port Natal ..........ti Sicily Tuscany Venezuela ........ —ll Van Diemen's Land (so Australia) West Indies yg 'Twice da11y...... :4.7,17, 20, 27 dm (Dover •. •• •• Southamptor rid & 17th of mon. Tuesday & Friday . 2nd of the mont! Datly..... 17t.i c !the month 4th t 20th of mon 9th& 25th of month 1, 17, & 27 of mon fwlce daily 1,9. 17, & 27 of in. 9th of the month 113 d of month ISoutbamptm ;Loudon ..... Southampton Dover ....... Southampton Plymouth .• Dover Dour. •• Holllread Bouthamptot. Southampton Liverpool ..• 13,18, &N of mon jDover ..... 14th of the moat) of the month. s t l i ls th2sthormon. 21 & 17th of month tty private ip sthl s th2 s thohnon. th I 7 th27thofinon. id lc 27th of mon.' .3.y private ship... ith 1 Sth2sthormon sthlit l,2 .4hohnon : Sid& 17th oil:until floathampten . Dover ...... Southampton Various port• Dover ...... vouthamptor Southern ptor, Various ports Dover Dover ...... ISouthamptoi I 00 0 111 111 t & 16 t° 12d ti 17th o I month ,i 1 806131911 Botithamptoz rADVERTISEMENT.I-3fotbers and Nurses will find Du B l T i to delicious Revalent a A ra bi ca Food admirably adaPter is' remove all diso r d ers o f s t omach and bowels to whic-ioa, fants and child ren are a t a l l times liable, such as indigestion' R'l flatulency, colic, dy sen t ery, diarrhoea, constip a tion, debi:itih and restless ness. It strengthens, nourishes, and is used to a more advanta ge th an m ilk i u rearing infants. We quo te few testimonials :—No. 68,034, Grammar School, Stevenag e, Dec. 16, 1850. " Gentlernen,— We have found it admirati adapted for infants. Our baby has never once had disordf-e, bowels since taking it.—R. Ambler." Amsterdam, 31st 1 0, 1852. Dear Sir,—Our child, up to the age of eleven wee an was very delicate and wasting away, and milk, saoo, arrowroot turned sour on its stomach, causing great stlw' ing. We then fed it upon Del Barry's Reval en t a . Arabie44 which agreed wonderfully with her ; a nd s h e i s now, at ti`i ago of nine mouths, a plump and lively little girl.—Dasi e Servas. Wilciervank, Holland, Sept. 20, 1853. Dear Our baby, which Heaven presented us with ton mouths back' was attacked, when four weeks old, with a disease of the stomach and glands, by w hi c h our seven previous idfal3l'A had all been car r i e d o ff , an d this last child seemed destined to follow its si s t ers an d brothers before many days, for out doctor, a very able practitioner, had, during three weeks, hausted all his skill, and was at a loss what to pre scriu" next, when h e a d v i sed Da Barry's Revalenta Arabica, which; I am happ y t o say, worked a great change for the bettorlA few days ; and, in six weeks time, the child was perfeet!. well, and i s now a cheerful, blooming boy —a source of t';', greatest happiness t o us a ll . This delicious remedy I lia ' fairly be considered one of the greatest blessings Over disco' vered.—With eternal gratitude, years, &c., L. H. Vaa 1013 : 1 ; In canisters, fibs. 11s. ; 121b5., 225, The 121bs. carrta. free, on rec e ipt o f post-office order. Barry d u Barry Co., 77, Regent-street, London ; Fortnum, Mason, and Ce", Purveyors to her M a j es t y, Pi cca d illy; also at 60, Grt c: church-street ; 333 and 451, St ran d ; 4, Cheapside ; Coruhill ; 49, Bishopsgate-street ; 55, Charing-eross u" Upper Baker-street ; 63 and 150, Oxford -street. BIRTHS. OP A SON. On the 3d inst., at Percy Villa, St. John's-wood, Sidney Kirby. On tho 4th inst., at Woodside, Croydon, the wife 01' John Toevan, Esq. OF • DAUGHTER. On the 2,1 lost., at Leytonatone House, the wife of T. Fowell Buxton; E3q. On the 3d iuht., the wife of D. W. Chambers Es 59 ' Elgin-crescent, Kensington-pa r k- gar d ens. q , MARRIED. On the 2d at Limehouse Church, Mr. Geo. Elillipi Parker, of Mark-lane and Leytonstone•road, to Mary, the eldest daughter of John Stewart, Esq., Blackwell. On the 31st ult., a t St . George's, Hanovor-square, Co l o' uel Newton, Coldstream Guards, eldest son of Williams Newton, Ely., o f Elveden, Suffolk, to Elizabeth Louise , youngest daughter of Lady Elizabeth Steele and the late Major-General Thomas Steele. DIED; On the 3d inst., at 11, Eaton-place, Andrew Colvillat Esq., of Oehiltree, aged 76. On the 3d inst., Mrs. Mathew, the wife of Mr. G. F. Mathew, of Skiuner-street, Snowhill, aged 52. On the 2d inst., at Chelsea, Mr. Wm. Cossens, aged 41. On the 2d i ns t. at Harrow John, eldest son of the late John Bill, E 9q ., Of Farley Hall, Staffordshire. On the 2d inst., Robert ltansom, Esq., solicitor, Sud bury, Suffolk, aged 59. On the td inst., ut Brixton, Sophia, the third surviving daughter of Mr. Chas. Kaye, of Symond's-inu, Chauearr lane, and Brixton, solicitor, aged 23. On the 2d inst., at Upper Tulse-Lill, Betsy Ann, relict of the late Robert Newbold, Esq., formerly of the Old Kent-road, aged 87. On the Ist inst., at Parson's-green, Fulham, Mr. Wm Fitch. On the lst inst., at Edinburgh, James Linaing Wood ram), Esq., On the let inst., at Brighton , Isaa c S m i th, Esq ., aged 8 1. 40n the 30th ult., at Taunton, N. Hodge, Esq., age d 92. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOl7l , of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Otfina, Ao. 112, Strand, in the Precinct -of the Savoy, in the county - of Diiddb, a, Tuesl.ay, February 5, 1856. - - • Ma of the month.. iS„ 9, 24, & 30 of in. 4th & 20th of mon. ,17th of the month jDai1y............ 9th of tho mouth.. 9th of tha month... ri ,b. it' IFeb' 4 ical slif 1004 !Fob. l• liliiiii„,oti 160° — .30 4 8 4 20 i sof l ivileed reo• is 140° !Feb. 1 ark. n.nl dam ` a.l. 7 .- ~. CEIBLMSFORD—FEB. I. A good szpply of wheat to-day, which was in 134;f ib condition th an l as t wee k ; b ut millers and merchants re . elining t o purc h ase, except at a much lower rate, asusr... general dullness, and the few sales effected were at s;: (Indira' of 2s per qr . I n ot h er articles little business ". lug, the prices being slightly lower than last week. Wheat, white, old, per s. s. gr.sB 78 new 64 67 old 60 74 new 58 73 Barley 29 35 Chevalier 3l 38 Grinding . 26 Malt 7 0 74 Chevalier 72 76 es 29 Oats, per qr ....... Peas, Partridge ....... ag i o White.... ........ 40 Boiling ......... 43 ":, Dun ............... 31 Beans, Tick ... ...... ..35 ,119 Ilarro;r ticks 31 31 Mazagan ....... 3 4 3 5 Ditto, nevr,..33 red, COLCHESTER— FEB. 2. ad A good supply of wh ea t , b u t b uyers were caut i ous , 0 0 where sales were made a decline of 2s to 3s por qr• : 1 0 J submitted to. B ar l e y a l so i s to 2s cheaper. Bea" -30 peas more in demand f or see d , and prices remain th e as last week. Prices to-daywere as follow :—Wheat, white, 7 43°809 i red, 70s to 7tis ; barley, 3is to 40s ; oats, 25s to 48s ; aH Mazagan, 38s to 40s ; middle and small, 40s to 4Gs; white, MS to 66s ; grey, 38s to 425. • o Official Stat emen t o f th e Q uantities of Corn, &c., reeifed - t o in the p or t o f London, from the following ports,_ the 28th Jan. to th e 2d Feb., both inclusive. • . , „3 2 P::,, . 4 : - a • Md 4 4 i ' - ~__.l.____________ ---- Colchester 169 i 66 8 837 ( 40 ' : .1 04 6 Harwich Leigh - 1 ,„ 454 :326, —! 52 117 :38 ~ Manion ll3 Bl 161) 71L____ 100; 66 t 2261 264Uu KIRKCALDY —FRB. 2. ?loderate supplies of wheat and oats, but small of, 0 D 1 11 ; ley. S a l es rea d y — wheat bringing the full rates 0' Week. Barley 6d alai oats is per qr. dearer. Wheat I Barley. • Oats. Bea l l First B os ad I 40s 01 308 (id I e„ 8 0,1 Sacond Third sBs 00 32s 00 l 24s Od I 08 COIL MARK . Prloee of Coal por ton at s. d. Bates West Hartley - l6 Buddle NV. Hartley l7 9 Byass's West Hartley .. 17 9 Davisou's West Hartley 18 HastiuY's Hartley 1; 9 Helywal ....... ••••• —•l7 0 Howard's West attrtloy Netherton • 17 Longridge's Wst Hartley 17 Low Bitchburu lei North Percy Hartley _l6 Tanfield Moor l5 Tanfiold Moor Butes 15 Walker Primrose . ..... l5 West Riding Hartley l6 Grey's West Hartley l7 Willington Hartley l5 Wylain 16 Eden Main 17 Derweotwater Hartley l7 :T.-FEB. 4. the close of the market. WsDowd, tee. e. 0, 15 9 '6 A Er --A. eh, illaitton s ehanoe of a tIGRLAxv Portent ant 41 411istoa the 11th FE 41 4, Wes PROs Establish branches a cited to a i l tuna. t THE The 130 x o The 11,F ' t ate b oxes ' t t ra) • 'or ;aes.'2l . ie. 6 4 . ; )40RNI To•MoI Et t r l i il d itec ui v ‘ c pisotlic al P araboli kech an i Meal, H Li m, Sa t " t ufsical, .nakemp Which j tensiv© b and - Pee; q Mr DID L The 'Stec l teluten ce w ee, Wi '"e 'Mae Denies la, 12!ograpi 11 47: 44 h, 14.6 Lfereure TI E b y , L • Al ratedl and r S ßuci kendince ai te k Litu Jack PLYwink V i niPty - "who" ni; and tip Anguish , Line 0 8i °n 1 dleki ns 'essr 1114 Thezi 1 And g *lth dista I e 4 Yln to • IN W °°ll ), Nfi 'Just Stare] y oun 17; u 1 ! 41 Inci: p u. l lBle, G, t, sl Y p ekei t:jtinfi sal 11 - 72 114 no 4 Cake a % pi, LI Y in an( t,lnasi el v clin g La , ' an It Om cud 13-11 S a a: t t .uoublesto, 411 ; Can and Nos r Stewell i tr jeaut - aft , h ..- I,, Ley (1 c 4 Mop4 odi a , wa y b„,:- o Ppc It: he 8 1 )4 ' o strue , ep. ton coth— , Ocooes tt gr tat ISt Nu 4 of str 4:17 8 in I° Tryst nothi It Dr ew spirit • +tot a ,;;"" N 4l , 4 : 44144:141 ID ii n t ahled V:'rand " li ght, a 4, P trniel I csut a ,ff 17 141 R ble, d „ rat C ap Sixtl -me 1 t ... ! 4 )4 (14114 toot Cent %L e n% , atic 13% th,, ,. e T wo N .. 440 Tw o T wo 4 , L 446 Tve:o e Two A S a ntra 4 top in 1 ;"et---1 What'i L'llovf Ni kir Nnill44lcrur tegttlar rub . B weet 944... p nncipl s- Arriv ICENE T he Mei tion C atnily *tonal;braln World i 1 441 gini '! °it th 4 ked. To 12 be 4 kick I th e 140 the m 0 th e Wa Fi re! et th e 411C1.0( - atTgr