The Sun. — London, England, 1827-01-11 00:00:00

RIMW - SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNAL. 1 The correspondence between Mr. Canning and'Mr. Gallatin, which we opened in yesterday's journal by a publication of the note of the British Foreign Minister, is . continued to-day in the form of Mr. Gallatin's reply, and some extracts from the instructions under which he has acted. The main question between the parties discovers itself at once to be, whether such a thing really exists in the world as that which has hitherto at least, been ex- plained, understood, and acted upon, by all European na : ions having colonies—as an exclusive right in the mother country to a direct trade with her own colonial possessions. I The object of Mr. Canning is rather to maintain, by argu ment, the existence of the right, than to stickle for the gene sal policy of its exercise—that of Mr. Gallatin is in effect ro,confound the character of colony with that of mother country, and to insist on the practical enjoyment of the -ame rights by foreign nations, in regard both to colony and parent state. We confess that, looking with calm and patient attention at the logical performances of the disputants on this subject, we must ascribe to Mr. Canning the honour of stating truth and common sense with more than ordi nary force and clearness, while the praise belongs to Mr. Gallatin, of exhibiting his full share of ingenuity in a struggle with embarrassments through which it is impos sible for human skill , to break—of enveloping propositions which will not bear the light, with a dexterous involution of drapery, and a formidable depth of shadow. Not to unravel too much of a tedious and thrice-told history, it will be sufficient to state, that both England and America have, within these few years, been professing to recom mend and encourage every where syiere the principles of a re ciprocal exemption from duties, and consequent equality of commerce, on behalf of the merchantmen of each coun try. England, after opening her colonies in 1822 to the ships of the United States, under certain condi tions—an offer which was gladly seized on by the ' United States, but accompanied by the imposition of enormous charges and restrictions upon the trade carried on ;is British vessels between our colonies and the ports of the Republic, and by a further enactment, which Mr. Canning correctly dwells upon, as bearing a most extraordinary and inadmissible character—this was no other than a positive prohibition to British ships to clear out from any port in the United States to any Bri tish Nrest India Colony, if they had entered the United States from Great Britain hefself, or from any part of the world except sue]) West India colony. Mr. Canning re presents the relation between the parties, produced by this proceeding, very justly, as we conceive, in the following passage :—" To allow a foreign ship to enter colonial ports at all, and upon any terms, is a boon ; to withhold from a ship of a country having colonies, trading from the mother country to a foreign State, under a regular treaty , between the two countries, the right of clearing for an- , other port belonging to that mother country, in another part of the world, is an injury." This we repeat, and we are apprehensive that our judgment will be borne out by' that of a larger proportion of the American public, is by no means an unfair description of the respective principles which have been illustrated in these acts of the British and the American Legislatures. The Government of Great i Britain sat uneasily under the pressure of this unex ampled policy. In 1825 the trade to the West India Islands was opened to all friendly States, having until that period been for three years confined to the Republic, by which it had, as we have observed,'been so unequally re quited. But it was so tendered to all nations, without ex oeption,on terms which were incompatible with the above un friendly law of the United States. By persisting in the main tenance of that law, the United States appeared to exact from Great Britain the continuance of a favour to them, %shish was : not merely injurious to the interests of this country, but utterly inconsistent with the fair pretensions of all other States to an equality of favour: England, therefore, in the course of last summer, issued an order of Council, interdicting to North America the privilege so manifestly abused ; and the point in dispute, as we have said, is no other than the right or no right of the United States to complain at their self-wrought exclusion from this privilege of trading with our colonies. Mr. Gallatin, ia our opinion, has failed most entirely in his attempt to . overthrow the long-established distinction between a com merce with colonial possessions and that with parent States. It is, however, very pleasing to remark, that the whole discussion has been hitherto carried on in a spirit of perfect amity and good understanding; nor can we col h-et from the aspect of this one among the many quiestions of common interest which occupy the respective Govern ments, the least symptom of an unfavourable issue to any other important negotiation. It is right, however, to state that Mr. Canning holds out no promise of negotiating at ail upon the question of Colonial intercourse with Mr. Gallatin America having herself rejected the boon, which as gladly received by other Governments, and the wants of our Colonies being supplied abundantly from more 11... heral sources than the United States.-4 1 ;:;nes. It is very clear that the answer of M. Salmon, of the 18th December, to Mr. Lamb's Note of the 16th, pub lished in our paper of yesterday, does not in the least con vey the sentiments or feelings of his Catholic Majesty on the portrait drawn of him and his Government by the British Minister in Parliament, or respecting the auxiliary force it was determined to send to Portugal. It seems entirely confined to the invention of an excuse for the . , entry of tne Portuguese deserters into the provinces of Alenteio and Tras-os-Montes, and a diplomatic and so phistical e xposition of the good wishes of the King of Spain to coniinue on terms of amity with the Court of Portugal. The manner in which the Portuguese refu gees were originally armed, or the nature of the efficient means which have since been adopted to disarm them, in case they should return to Sparo, are studiously kept out of view. Mr. Lamb's Note of the 16t,13 could not contain any other instructions than those transmitted to him on the 9th, the day of the Message frorn the Throne. The discus sion in Parliament on the Message took place on the 12th, when the Government was authorised to send troops to Portugal; but of this actual determination Mr. Lamb could not have been aware on the 16th, nor M. Salmon on the 18th, although be seems to have anticipated it, ‘vite;i, in the last paragraph of his Note, he says, that " he hopes that the frank, loyal, and sincere exposition which he had tise honour to make of the sentiments which ani mated his august Master, will produce the happy result of dispelling every kind of fear that may have hitherto existed, as well as the. no less important object, that the actual military situation of the Peninsula may not vary in any point of view." This taat phrase is peculiarly diplo matic, as it : leaves to Spain Ole tight of subsequently doubting the good faith of England and Portugal, in so visibly altering the military state of the Peninsula, either by increasing the army of Portugal, by the new enlist silent decreed by the Cortes, or by the resolution of send ing ?tn auxiliary force to her aid from England and Gibral tar. The above insinuation, however, denotes the ap prehension of the Spanish Government, instead of con cealing its secret designs, which certainly all along have been to act on the present occasion towards Portu gal as France acted towards Spain in 1823. It is therefore apparent that Ferdinand's aim in now re-esta blishing his amicable relations with Portugal, broken oft too abruptly for his interests, is no other than to gain time, and' with a view to enable him, under the cover of his Ambassador, to ca rry on hi s i ntr i gues more effectually, as the Envoys of the Holy Alliance did in Ma drid, previous to the arrival of the Duke d'Angouleme. In the meanwhile also, we see that 6 ,000 Spanish troops a re marching towards the Portuguese frontiers, and it is n ow placed beyond doubt that this force is to be increased to 16,000 men , All this was res o lved u pon by Ferdinand previous to the 18th, when he could only have been aware of the threat th at a British force would be sent in aid of Portugal. s On the other hand, his Catholic Majesty roust ha v e been sensible that France was secondin g the vi ews of England, by pub licl y disa pp rovin g his conduct, althou gh he at th e same time saw h is bosom friend, M. de Mo u s tier, . ho, in Madrid had been so active in his co-operation with the Portuguese Refugees, take his seat in the French Chamber,.without the smallest reproach from his Master. However M. 'Salmon's Note may have been viewed in Lisbon, we cannot help pronouncing it to be extremely vague and delusive. It offers no guarantees for the future, nor does it acknowledge more than that the Portuguese Refugees abused the asylum in the Spanish territory granted to them, even studiously avoiding any allusion to the conduct of the military commanders of the provinces contiguous to the Portuguese frontier, the loophole out of which Ferdinand at first seemed disposed to creep. At all events, we must wait for_ further official information, before we can judge of the state of our relations with Spain. —Morning Chronicle. Notwithstanding the extensive severity with which the Game Laws are at present acted upon, the increase of poachers is beyond all precedent. In every neighbour hood where a large quantity of game is preserved, the temptation arising out of the high price of the monopolized article is so great that numbers of the peasantry, who are even able to procure employment, are seduced from the course of regular industry, to realize the large gains which they expect to derive from the dangerous traffic in this for bidden commodity. It is remarkable that the Game Laws, which are a degrading badge, and remnant of the old feu dal tyranny, should be so zealously supported as they are by many. of the principal Whig leaders in England. Even Sir Francis Burdett, once the idol of the Democracy, has always kept up a strong establishment of gamekeepers, who, of course, like all other persons of that class, would as soon knock a Westminster elector upon the head, who trespassed on a preserve, as any other person ! The Duke of Bedford is another of the friends of liberty, who makes it a point to multiply game in a manner that causes the neighbourhood of his estate at Woburn to be overrun with poachers—great is the mischief thereby occasioned to the rustic population. A traffic as regular as that of smuggling is carried on between the poachers and the agents for the London sellers, nor can all the efforts of the "Magistracy or the local police put down the practice.— The fact is, that if 'Parliament do not soon adopt the prin ciple of legalising the sale of game, the wild and ferocious habits of poaching are likely to prevail to a most alarming extent, and to counteract all efforts for the civilization and improvement of the labouring classes.—Morning Herald. Sir Peter Laurie, who, as far as we have been able to observe his conduct, seems to have brought to the office of Alderman a degree of zeal, activity, and intelligence, not always to be met with—has pointed out one evil in the proceedings on trials at the Old Bailey which has not been generally noticed ; and which may, perhaps, in some mea sure, account for the unsatisfactory result of some of the trials in that Court, to which we recently alluded. In re ference to the depositions taken before Magistrates, under the statutes of Philip and Mary, the worthy Alderman is stated to have observed, that he was sorry to perceive that a practice existed of trying prisoners upon such deposi sitions, instead of " working through the cases anew."-- That such a practice, if it really exist, is an extremely re prehensible one, cannot, we think, be disputed; and that it does exist, at least to a considerable extent, we have heard from many quarters. The first of these statutes was passed to compel Magistrates to take the examination of witnesses in writing, before admitting prisoners to bail, and the subsequent Act was passed to make the same practice obligatory in all cases of felony. For this salutary prac tice there were various and very obvious reasons—among the rest, that no man should be imprisoned or held to bail without the particulars of the charge against him being known and recorded, to perpetuate the testimony of wit nesses dying or being otherwise incapacitated from attend ing the trial, and that the Judge and Jury upon the trial may be able to know whether any, and What discrepancy, exists between a witness's first and subsequent statement. In Ireland an absurd and mischievous practice existed, to a period even later, we believe, than the Union, of the Grand Juries finding and rejecting the Bill upon these de positions alone. That practice, however, has long since been done away, and the witnesses now undergo a viva cove examination before Irish Grand Juries, as they have always done here. In this country, till lately, the examinations taken under this Statute have been principally useful to inform the mind of the Judge previous to his charging the Grand'Jury, and to enable him to see how far the wit nesses agree on the trial as to the statements made before the Magtstrate. But this is all the use that can or ought with propriety to be made of them; and to make them a sort of brief from which the Judge is to elicit the case can only suit those who, from indolence or haste, are unwil ling (to use Sir P. Laurie's intelligent expression) to "work through the case anew." The witnesses ought to be examined and induced to tell their story as if they had never told it before; and, instead of being led step by step through a course of what are called " leading questions," to repeat what he has formerly said, each should be left to tell his story anew, and the only use that should be made of his previous statements, should be to detect any vat ia tions that can he found from them favourable to the ac 'cused and to justice. The contrary practice—viz. that which Sir Peter Laurie points out, tends in itself to per vert the first principles of justice, and places the commit ting Magistrate almost in the situation of both Judge and J ur y. indeed, if the depositions taken by him are to be the criterion of a prisoner's guilt, we know not why the trouble of a trial need be undergone • and we may as well see the Great Paid and Unpaid deciding at once upon cases of felony, as they already do upon the Game Laws, the Excise, the Customs, and various other topics con nected with the liberties, and often in their result with the lives, of the community. Instead of extending the powei s of the Magistracy . , we trust that both Parliament and the Judges will unite in seeing them curtailed. At any rate, we trust that Juries will, wherever they can, interfere to check the growth of a power which, wholesome and salu tary as it is, when confined within its proper sphere, ought not to be allowed to usurp functions, or to extend to consequences which it never was intended to reach.— Ibid. It is impossible to read the correspondence between Mr. Canning and Mr. Gallatin, which we published yesterday, and to compare it with the terms in which the American President addressed the Congress, with respect to the negociations on the subject of the trade with our West Indian Colonies, without seeing that the. President has en deavoured to deceive the world, with respect to the state of the question between America and England, with an au dacity, not unworthy of Ferdinand himself. Undoubtedly, Mr. Adams had a strong inducement to deviate in his Mes sage far from truth or candour ; for the pretensions, which America has set up, are so ridiculous and extravagant, so inconsistent with the sovereignty of independent nations, that to have declared them openly and fairly, would have made even a Republican Assembly blush. In 1822, we opened partially the trade between the United States and our West India Colonies; for the 3d Geo. IV., c. 44, per mitted certain enumerated articles to be imported, subject to fixed 4sities, into certain specified ports in the West India Islands, from any foreign country, in the West Indies, or America, either in British vessels or the vessels of such foreign country : and the same Act gave authority to export to any other colony, or to the United Kingdom, the articl e s w hi c h s h ou ld be so imported. This privilege, though extended in name to all the countries of America, was, in reality, a boon to the United States alone ' • for the other states and P rov i nces o f A mer i ca h a d nothing that deserved the name of a Commercial Marine. The permission thus given to the United States to trade with our Colonies in their own ships, was an indulgence which they had no right to demand ; and which, in fact, was not granted to the subjects of any European Power.— What return did the United States make to us for this re laxation of our laws in their favour ? In the month of March immediately following, they passed a law, impos ing an alien duty of 94. centimes per ton, on British ves sels coming from the West Indies, and an additional duty of 10 per cent. on goods imported in them. This enact ment was, in itself, as ungracious and unfair as could have been devised; but, in order to make it still more objets.. tionable, the law provided, that these alien duties should continue in force—not until the ships of the United States were admitted into our colonies on the same terms as our own ships—not until the commodities of the United States, were admitted upon as favour able terms as those of any foreign country—but, until' the goods, wares, and merchandise of the United States - should be admitted upon the same terms with the goods, wares, and merchandize of Great Britain or Ireland ! ! America, forsooth, was to be on the same footing in some of the markets of our Empire as we ourselves were! She forgot her own tariff, with its constantly augmenting im posts ; she forgot that, if she expected us to admit her produce into our markets unburdened by any duties which our own subjects did not pay, it would be well for her to set us an example, by repealing the duties on the impor tation of cotton and woollen manufactures, and by allow ing the cotton of our East Indian possessions, and the sugars of our Colonies, to find their way, unimpeded, to the markets of New Orleans and New York. Had we advanced any such pretension, the President would have exclaimed against its extravagance; yet, can he assign any reason, why, if American goods are to be imported into Jamaica on the same terms as English goods, the sugars of Jamaica should not be imported into New York pr Boston on the same terms as the sugars of Louisiana We met this proceeding on the part of the United States, not by concession, but by a retaliatory mea sure, imposing equivalent duties on American ships entering the ports of our Colonies. Negociations had been begun upon the subject; but these were cut short, by the peremptory declaration of the American Envoy, that no proposal would be acceded to, unless we should consent to put American goods and wares on the very same footing as their own, in the Colonial markets. It was impossible that we should, under any circumstances, submit to so extravagant a demand, and matters, there fore, remained in that state till 189.5. In 1825, our com mercial laws underwent a further change. The indul gence which the Act of 1822 had given to American vessels, was extended to the ships of all friendly States. Foreign ships were permitted to import into our Colonies, any commodities, (with the exception of a few prohibited articles) being the growth or produce of the country to which the ship belonged, and to export the pro duce of the colonies to any country except the United Kingdom and its dependencies. Thus a still greater scope was given to the intercourse of America with our Colo nies, than had been permitted by the Act of 1822. Her silly churlishness produced no effect on our policy; it did not incline us to any concession ; it did not even put us out of humour with the liberal and enlarged system on . 'which we were acting. The Act of 1825 contained a clause (6 Geo. Fourth, c. 73., s. 8.) that it should be lawful for his Majesty to prohibit the intercourse with any country in Eu rope, having possessions in America or the West In dies, which did not confer on our ships the privileges which we, by that Art, granted to foreign ships. By a subsequent Act of the same Session (Gth Geo. IV. c. 114. s. 4.) it was declared that the privileges of intercourse with our Colonies should not be enjoyed by the ships of coun tries not having colonial possessions, which did not place our commerce on the footing of the most favoured nation, unless his Majesty should deem it expedient, by an Order in Council, to make an exception in their favour. The Americans have not placed the whole of our commerce on the footing of the most favoured nation. They, therefore, come within the prohibition of the Act. But .lonathan modestly says, " His Majesty should make an exception in my favour; he ought to grant me a privilege which, no European power enjoys ; I have placed part of your com merce on a footing much below that of the most favoured nation • therefore, you must place a part of my commerce on a footing superior to that of other countries." This is the. short state of the question between us and the American President. It is a question, in which their claims are nc4 only unreasonable as to us, but injurious to our European Allies. Were we not aware; that republi can statesmen know little of moderation, we should have doubted whether it was possible for rulers endowed with common sense, to advance pretensions so unfounded and extravagant as those of our transatlantic children are.— New Times. ~: s_, POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL.— Was. Shepherd, Thomas Brillow, and Win. Rouse, were brought before Sir PETER LAURIE yesterday, charged with stealing a large basket full of plaice from a vessel nnloadiag at Billingsgate. Mr. Goidham, an inspector of the fish-market, saw the prisoner Brillow carryir b , a basket of plaice on his head, and suspecting that he had stolen them from a vessel lying off the Custom-house stairs, he stopped Lira, and inquired how be obtained them. He replied, that Shepherd, a fellowship-porter, had employed him to carry them. Witness went to Shepherd, who professed to know nothing of the circumstance ; but witness being , of a different opinion, apprehended him and also Rouse, who was on board the vessel, and must hzte handed the fish to Brillow, if Shepherd did not. Other facts were stated, to show that the prisoners were all concerned in purloining the fish, and that depredations of a similar kind were constantly committed. The plaice were the property of Mr. Laby, a salesman.—The prisoners were com mitted for trial. Mr. Goldhara mentioned that a little before six o'clock yester day morning, he perceived a boat lying outside one of the vessels, and he was just about .to jump into it, to inspect its contents, when the waterman pushed off. He called to him to come back three times, anti then fired after him twice ; but the fellow kept rowing away, and escaped, no doubt with a whole boatful of stolen fish. He noticed this to chew the Alderman the extent of the depredations, and the audacity of the thieves. Sir PrrEa Ls tTatv. thought the circumstances under which the prisoners had been apprehended were so suspicious, that he felt justified in sending the cage to a Jury, and, accordingly, com mitted them for trial. Mr. Laby ordered the fish to be distributed amongst the prisoners in the Compter. MARLBOROUGH-STREET.—Yesterday, an unfortunate " licensed schoolmaster," from Cahir, in Ireland, came to this Office for the purpose of soliciing relief, being in the most dis tressed circumstances, and the Parish Officers of St. Giles having refused to afford him any pecuniary aid. The poor fellow's name is "Michael Rough, and he is the same individual against whom the Countess Dowager of Glengall exhibited articles of the peace at the last Middlesex. Sessions, in her own name, and in that of her son, the Earl of Glengalt Mr. Rough's application, however, the Office yesterday, had no relation to that affair; it was i to request the Magistrates to order the Parish Officers to give him iply at i t i e o m u se pora a r n y d p rel a. ief .. .. h - i h m ie,),,,,hna„ddiaoteffi3e.retiol hie takepaisrhhimin Ireland, into the but to this ' he objected, saying, he wanted pecuniary relief in thit some•o rk country. He stated to the Magistrate that he was possessed of considerable literary attainments, and that he had a pamphlet, nearly ready for the press, which would sell for half a-crown, but which he was unable to publish for want of funds. He might indeed, send it to the newspapers, but in that case he would not receive any remuneration, for he had written no fewer than seven columns of interesting matter for the Morning Post the latter end of last month, for which he bad not received one farthing, and he therefore despaired of doing any thing in that line. A gentleman in the office here asked Rough if he persisted -in asserting that the Editor of the Morning Post was indebted to Rough then retracted his words, and said he had been misun derstood. " Because," said the gentleman, "from a personal knowledge of the Editor of the Post for upwards of 9.0 years, I am enabled to say that he is a most honourable man, and incapable of acting as you have described." Mr. Dr Fr:. said the Magistrates had no power to interfere with Editors of Papers ; they might insert or reject as they thought proper, and, as the applicant did not choose to accept of the terms offered by the pari,h, they could do nothing for him. Mr. Rough said he could not think of being sent hack to Ire land, and he then left the office. MARYLEBONE.—On the 15th of December, two Mary le bone Parish Officers brought three little boys from the 'Work house, for the purpose of having them bound apprentice by the Magistrates to a chimney_ swee p er in the neighbourhood. Mr. RAwLINso:i then inquired if the parents Were present and, on being informed that they were orphans, he . expressed hi m . self as follows :—" Seein g con ti n ually the miseries which such children experience, and b e i ng i nves ted by the Act of Pa r li ament with a discretionary p ower, I conscientiously believe it to be my duty to refuse to bind any c hild t o this trade whose parent s are not present to sanctio n i t . I find it to be a practice with par i s h es to select orphans for thi s p urpose ; a practice which I thi n k high ly censurable, and I will en d eavou r to check it by refusing to bind any orphaa tinless'a superior power compels me. I s h a ll sen d the children back to the workhouse ; and if the parish is dissa tiaLed, it way apply to the Cou — r - t of itißlMtirli; a man damns." _ Yesterday the children were again brought to the Office, ac companied by the senior Churchwarden and the principal Over seers, with Mr. Lloyd, their Solicitor, when a long discussion took place between the Magistrates and the Parish Officers. Mr. liawlinson and his colleagues still objected to bind the children apprentice On several grounds. One of them was, that the chil dren were illegitimate, and the Parish Officers having received from their reputed parents a sum of money as an indemnification, the children were not legally chargeable. The next objection was to the trade itself; and lastly, that if the orphans were ap prenticed, they might he subject to ill usage, in consequence of having no parents to look after them, especially as it was a fact that the Parish Officers did not interest themselves much about the treatment received by the paupers they had bound to sweeps. The Parish Officers departed very mush dissatisfied with the decision of the Magistrate. - - MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.-JAN. 10. PERJURY.—The Court wag adjourned yesterday till 12 o'clock this morning, when the trial of THE RING v. JOHN REECE AND AARON EDEN was appoint ed to take place. The Chairman, F. CONST, Esq. and one County Magistrate, were on the Bench when the trial was called on, and Mr. Adolphus appeared to prosecute. Mr. Miller, who was counsel for the defendants, when his clients (who were brought from the Fleet prison in the custody of a tipstaff) were placed at the bar to plead to the indictment charging them with perjury, objected to the trial proceeding before two Jus tices only. The C HAIRMAN said, that the defendants were, no doubt, entitled to have their trial before a commission of Oyer, and the Court would therefore wait for the arrival of two other Justices. The business of the Court wis suspended till between two and three o'clock, for want of the attendance of two other Magistrates ; when it was proposed to the defendants to consent to be tried by the Court, as it was then constituted. Mr. Mum?. said he would willingly accede to the suggestion of the Court, if be might exercise his own discretion ; but his clients bad made up their minds not to be tried unless there were four Justices on the Bench. The CHAIRMAN said, there appeared to be little probability of two other Magistrates arriving; and ordered the trial to be put off till next Sessions, and the warrant of the Court to be lodged at the Fleet Prison, so that the defendants might be brought before the Court to answer the indictment, in case they were discharged from the Fleet. This case is said to be one of a peculiar description. The de fendant Reece was a bankrupt some time ago ; and before the Commissioners he swore that he had paid a certain bill of exchange to Eden, in 1821 ; and Eden, on proving his debt, swore that he received the said bill of exchange (which he produced at the time) in 1821, from. Reece, for value, when it turned out that the stamp on which the bill was drawn was not stamped till long after 1821, and could not have been existence at that period.—The de fendants were sent back to the Fleet. The CHAIRMAN ordered the Court to be adjourned till Friday next. The Grand Jury returned a bill " not found" against Henry Udall. This individual is the young man, a draper at Winchmore Hill, who was so brutally assaulted and robbed in the house of a miscreant named Jacobs, in a court leading out of Catherine-street, Strand, and who was charged at Bow-street Office with present ing a pistol at a woman who had inveigled him into the house when in a state of intoxication. Jacobs, not content with plun dering the young roan, and beating his teeth down his throat, had the impudence to go before the Grand Jury, and prefer an in dictment for an assault against him, which the Grand Jury ig nored. SURREY SESSIONS, JAN. 10. (Concluded from our Paper of yesterday.) THE TREAD-MILL. Sir T. Towrom concurred with Mr. Briscoe, that the tread wheel was more beneficial to the male than the female. Mr. PA1,1.5111R, M.P., expressed himself in favour of the mo tion. In his opinion it was degrading to make females work at the tread-mill, and he advocated reasoning and religious instruc tion towards females, rather than a system that - would plunge them further into degradation than they really were. Although strong medical opinions had been given as to the tendency of the tread mill to improve the health, he was satisfied that it had a contrary effect, as it risked health. Mr. RANDLE Jacirsox contended, that it was a notorious fact that great benefits arose from the use of the tread-mill, and he felt himself called upon to oppose the motion. Mr. DENISON concurred with the last speaker, that the effects of the tread-mill were beneficial to that class of persons commit ted to it. Mr. HOLME SUMNER and other Magistrates expressed them selves to a similar effect. Mr. 13ntscox delivered an animated speech in opposition to their opinions, and said, that irons and handcuffs were used with females (cries of " No, no,") : in one instance a woman had fallen from the "mill," and was injured materially. Mr. DENISON replied, that the woman wilfully precipitated her self from the machine. Several Magistrates confirmed this state ment. . Mr. Baxscor was of opinion that abuses still existed, and he would persist in .his motion. After considerable discussion, an amendment of Mr. RANDLE IscitsoN was carried, and the Court proceeded to other business of little importance. MAIDSTONE WINTER ASSIZES, JAN. 10. James Johnson was indicted for a burglary in the coach house of James Lance, at Beckenham, on the 7th of October last. It appeared in evidence that the c oach-house of Mr. Lance, pro prietor o f th e coac h b e tween Beckenham and London, was brok en open o n th e n i g ht in question, and that various articles, the pro perty of Mr. Courtenay , cle rk to the House of Lords, which had been sent by the Beckenha m coach in a h amper, and which, on A pauper in t he p oor-house of West Wickh am , two miles from ßeckenham , p r oved, that at five o' c l oc k on the morning o f t h e 0 1arrival bat i o beenf t he stolen t,h h e a r d e fr b o e n e i n . deposited in M r. L ance ' s coach house, u se Bth, he saw the prisoner bury some candles, and a linen cloth, part of the property taken, in a garden adjoining to the poor house. Another witness proved that the prisoner offered him for sale a coat and cloak. These Were not traced to the possession of the prisoner ; but it s appeared that a coat and cloak were among the articles taken from the coach-house. The Jury, under the direction of the Learned Judge, found the prisoner Guilty. Benjamin Crazier and George Gideon were indicted for as saulting Stephen May, on the 7th of October, and forcibly taking from his person a b un dl e, containing a quantity of bacon, cheese, &c. The case Was fully proved, and the Jury, without hesita tion, found the prisoners Guilty. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS. LONDON DIARY.---FRIDAY, JAN. 12.—(At the Court of Commissioners, Basinghall-street. ) Abraham, H., Houndsditch, oilman-11 Bishop, J., Isle of Sheppy, farmer—l 1 Chaffey, J., Bow-street, victualler-12 Fisher, J., Canterbury, brazi e r-10 Garlick, T., Fleet-market, undertaker—ll Hooper, H., Bognor, grocer-1 Merry, R., Charing-cross, victualler—lo Naish, .1., Bristol, auctioneer- 1 Shute, S., Watford, auctioneer---I2 INSOLVENTS APPLYING TO BE DISCHARGED. Petitions to be heard at Portugal-street, Lincoln's Inn Jan. 15, at Nine. Barr, J„ Somer's Town, painter Burrows, T., Abingdon, postman Cooper, T., Whiteebapel-road, engineer Curry, G., Hackney-road, butter factor Davies, R., Horseleydown, tide waiter Fishwick, W., Liverpool, surveyor Fletcher, NV., Clerkenwell, saddler Fletcher, T., Stratford-on-Avon, corn dealer Greaves, J., Pershore, near Worcester, plumber Haigh, T., Barnsley, Yorkshire, auctioneer Harrison, T., Shelf, Yorkshire, farmer Jones, D., Oakley-street, Lambeth, tailor Jury, W., Bagnigge-Wells-road, builder iNlorrall, J., Birmingham, baker Palmer, G., Leadenhall-strcet, engineer Peake, M., Commercial-road, ironmonger John Orchard, father and son, of South Tawton, Devon, were last week fully committed for trial, at the next As sims, charged with having feloniously forged and altered &deed conveying an estate, with intent to defraud a Mrs. Mary Lane of 1,0001. The elder of the prisoners is nearly SO years of age. Printed an 4 Published by M. YOUNG, at the sus-Orries, No. Ina STAANZ. SPORTING 'INTELLIGENCE. TROTTING MATCH. On Saturday a gentleman of the and nay persuasion un dertook to trot his horse forty miles in four hours, in harness. The match was performed over a four-mile piece of ground on the Norwich-road, and driven by the proprietor. He went off in good style, breaking only once from the trot, and accomplished the 40 miles 15 minutes under the given time. It was for 100 save. Betting 6t04 on time. RIDE AND DRIVE MATCH. On Tuesday morning, Capt. Parry undertook for a wager of 200 sovereigns, first, to drive three miles, in harness, in twelve minutes; and nest, to trot hie American mare (saddle), the three miles in ten minutes. The match 'was ►lone over Epping Forest. He commenced with charioteering, and performed as follows : The first mile in four minutes three seconds, breaking from the trot ; the second in three minutes thirty-five seconds ; and the third in three minutes thirty-eight seconds, winning by four se conds. Betting 6 to 4 on time. The Captain refreshed, and then mounted the mare. She went off well, and did the first mile in three minutes nine seconds; the second, 'three minutes twelve seconds; tke third, leisurely, in three minutes and a half, winning easy by nine seconds. Betting two to one on the horse ; seven to four against his performing both matches. CURIOUS WAGER. The following wager was decided on Friday last :—A gentle man betted with a friend, 20 sovereigns to 10, that of the first SO men who should pass a shop in which they were to station themselves, 20 would have at least oue hand each in the leeches or coat-pocket, and that 15 would have both hands so placed. New-street, Covent-garden; was selected for the place of scrutiny, as, from its having an extremely narrow foot-path, and being a very public thoroughfare, it would offer the best example of the inconvenience of this prevalent custom. 'The result of the ex amination was, that of the first 30 men who passed, 18 had both hands in their pockets, and five others had one hand so situated; the proposer of the wager thus winning it hollow. It is, how ever, but justice to add, that this majority was composed of a class of persons who probably had never had the benefit of dancing -master's instruction, and might consequently he at a loss how to dispose of their arms otherwise, although, from the ap pearance of their dress, it would have been supposed that the pockets contained as much money as would have procured theni a more decorous covering for their hands. LIVERPOOL COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Irish dry Butter became more in request, at' improving prices, during the frost, but the sudden thaw completely checked the demand on Saturday, and no sales have since been - practicable, though holders offer a considerable reduction ; Pork; pickled, has become equally dull. In Beef, Pork, or Bacon, nothing done. Grain Whiskey in steady demand, at 10s. 5d to 10s. W. per Imperial gallon proof, but Malt Spirit still unsaleable. The sales of the B. P. Sugar, last week, were about 450 Mids., for which, in some instances, rather higher prices were obtained ; of good white Bengal, 500 bags were sold at 765. 6d. per cwt. duty paid. In Coffee the sales were limited to a few trifling parcels at our quotations ; and in Rum, to some small lots of De merara, at 31. Sd. per Imperial gallon, for 20 0. P. and Ss. 6d. for 26 0. P. rt o :04a 9 bd d i. 1 . 9e it 6 d and Bengal 5%d . Cotton was o n l y i n li mited demand, and the sales did not ex ceed 6,000 bags, v i z . S ea Island 12%d. and 1310., stained Maranham to 814 d., Mina N ovas 8%d., Deme al ditto 6id. to Perna m b uco 10d. to 10%d., B a hi a s ad. d., Egyptian 7d. to 8 1 ,4 d., Orl e an s 7d. to Bd. and 5 7d. and 71d., Bow e d s S i d. to 71d. and Surat 5 ; in prices there was little id.: teration, but the market being dull, some purchases were made rather cheaper; 700 bags were taken on speculation, and bOO for export. The sales of Ashes were only 300 barrels new Mon treat Pot 275. to 275. 3d. and 10 barrels Old P ear l a t 27 5 . 6d. " O d ils. " B hi r n i g tish Ameri can . Pine Tim hlid. per root. In Staves no change. in Rice. Flax steady. Tim her In ear oowba remainse drooping, o v d u r l l i t aast tllaeshddo.o Fish o e i s, 'HE MARKETS, AL MARKET.—Jan, E. ti. 3'2 0 fighton 26 0 Pantop Simpson— 27 0 Ships at Alarket, d. s . d. 0 Tantlaki Trader. 35 0 Wa11b0tt1e......,—.....28 0 Stewart'ismar"... 15 6 W. E. Green's-82 0 Walker snull 15 0 122 N—Chips sold, 2i—Unsold, 120. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING THE WEEK, Wheat. Barley. Per *outer. s. to s. s. to a. 50 36 40 Canterbury 53 60 34 40 Grantham 49 56 36 42 Grimsby 50 54 40 44 Ifomcastle 4B 54 33 38 Lincoln 50 54 3z3 42 Maidstone,... , 51 62 35 $s Spilsby 52 44 3 G 38 Stamford —» 52 57 34 40 Beans, s. ,to s. 22 E 9 26 Ss 26 32 30 15 2 0 30 SO 35 24 32 RS 30 26 30 Pease. 8 . to 8. 9. tO S. 4.2 ..... 44 48 52 56 - .50 60 -.- 50 60 56 60 47 46 54 56 -- 56 60 LIVERPOOL CORN EXCHANGE.—Jan. 9. At our Corn Exchange to-day there was a small attendance of the trade, and a limited demand for most articles ; in English Wheat few sales occurred, and not many in Irish, of which finest red kiln-dried was held at Bs. 3d. but little, if any, brought over Bs. 2d. data of finest mealing qualities reached 4s. bd. and 48. bid. and several parcels were sold, but lower descriptions were dull. Barley too was dull at our reduced quotations, both for malting and grinding sorts. Malt rather cheaper, and in trifling request. Beans flat, Flour heavy, and Oatmeal as quoted below : Wheat, English, per Scotch Irish (red) -- Ditto (white Foreign (free) Foreign (in bond) Iri : I n h 4.l7ish, — perTTp. qr. ----- Canada (free) Beans, Oats, English and Scotch Barley, Malting, per Imp. qr. ---- ----- Grinding, per °Cabs. -- Irish Flour, Amer., sweet, (bond), per bri SOUr ditto, - English, fine, per 280Ibs. - - Irish, ditto Oatmeal, English, per Malt, per Imp. quarter._ Pease, English white, per Imp. qr.-- Rye aPOWINYINFOIYM OLD, e. d. a. d. • ea 9 2 8 3a 8 9 7 9a S 3 8 4a 8 8 0 Oa 0 0 5 34 3 9 O Oa 0 0 4 4a 4 6 4 Ca 4 514 42 0 a 43 0 5 8a 5 9 50 0 a 53 0 4 8 0a 31 0 O Oa 0 0 0 Oa 0 0 0.0 a 0- 0 34 0a 34 0 46 0a 48 0 44 0 a 46 0 0 4 —• 0 0a 0 60 0 a 70 0 54 0 a 58 '0 fls 0 a 44 0 NEW. S. d. S. d. 8 6a 9 8 6a 8 it 7 6 a 8 U O 0a 0 0 7 8a 9 3 • 0a 5 8 8 4a 810 4 5a 4 7 4 3a 4 6 O 0a 0 0 5 4a 5 8 51 0 a 5.5 0 49 0 a 52 0 40 0a 54 0 24 0 a 26 0 O 0"a 0 0 O 0a 0 0 O 0a 0 0 O 0a 0 0 41 0 a 48 0 SO 0 et 40 0 48 0 a CES 0 0 a 56 0 38 0 a 44 A dish of ripe strawberries were gathered from the garden of Mr. Hosken, of Ellenglago, Cornwall, on Christmas Eve; and on the same bed are a great number in blossom, and others nearly ripe. It is a remarkable fact, that .there has not occurred one death in the parish of Biddestone, Wilts, since tast February, a period of ten months: There are 52 prisoners for trial this week at the Hants Epiphany Sessions, of whom 17 are charged with offences against the Game Laws. BIRTHS. On the Bth inst., Mrs. G. Beaman, of a daughter. On the 7th inst. at Aston Rectory, the lady of the Rev. W. D. Longlands, of a still-born son. MARRIED, On the Bth inst., at St. George's, Bloomsbury, Mr. Richard Twincham, of Mount-street, .Grosvenor-square, to Miss Ann Gee, of Torrington-square. On the 9th inst. at Ozted, near Godstone, Surrey, Air. Clay ton, solicitor, Gray's inn, to Emily, eldest daughter of the late Lieut.-Colonel F.W. Bellis, of the Hon. East India Company's Service. On the 6th inst. at Horton, Bucks, John Laing, Esq. to Miss Lydia Whiteford, only daughter of the late William Bailey, Esq. of Jamaica. DIED. Yesterday, the 10th inst., at his house in Great Coram-street, Dr. John Jones, author of the Greek Lexicon, and many other learned works. On the 6th inst. at Lanton, Northumberland, John Daviscnt Esq. only brother of Alexander Davison, Esq. of Swayland.. house, Northumberland. Oa the 7th inst. Mrs. Smith, wife of Benjamin Smith, Esq. of Charter-house-square. On the Bth inst. - at Pentonville, Mr. W. Gibbs, :n the 36th year r ofhisage At Richmond, aged 72, James Butt, Esq. Sudenly, on the a pth inst. Mr. John Clarke, South-street, Park-lane, aged 35. On the 9th inst. at Dalston, Mr. S. Smith, aged 74. On the 10th lust, in Baker-Its et, the widow of G. StainFortii, Esq. aged 83. !