The Sun. — London, England, 1861-09-28 00:00:00

SUN OFFICE, Seven o'clock. MANCHESTER RACES—(7his Day.) (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) LICENSED VICTUALLERS' HANDICAP. Caliban Willie Wright Harriet 3 Five ran. STAMFORD HANDICAP. Captain Crow 1 Forester Miss Mary 3 Three ran. NORTHERN HANDICAP PLATE. Doefoot 1 Squire Peirse Six ran. 310NEY MARKET AND CITY NEWS. CITY, Two O'CLOCK, A steady business is reported in the Money Market at about previous quotations, but rather a firmer tone is perceptible. About £43,000 in gold was taken into the Bank of England yesterday. In the foreign exchange yesterday afternoon a slight decline was apparent in the rates on Am sterdam, Vienna, and Trieste ; the quotations on Paris and Frankfort, however, were a shade higher. A call of £2 103. per share, amounting in the ag gregate to X 56,250, becomes due on Monday, on the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln, Garston, &c., extension railway shares, and of £1 12s. or £130,560 on the shares of the Riga and Dunaburg Railway. It has been notified that 280 Bonds of the Brazilian 5 per cent. Loan of 1824-5, amounting to £37,300, will be paid off at par on and after the Ist proximo, and it has also been announced that £136,253 has been employed in the redemption of 798 Peruvian 4f per cent. Bonds of 1853. Since Monday last the imports of specie have amounted to about £524,900, and the exports to £166,000. In the Liverpool Cotton Market yesterday busi ness continued very active, and prices were firm. The sales were estimated at 20,000 bales. The Commercial Union Fire Assurance Company commence business this day (Saturday). The directors, in issuing their tariff for London mercan tile business, state that it has been adjusted on the principle of classification—thus adopting the plan that each class of goods should be charged a premium proportionate to its risk. Another new and valu able feature in the undertaking is that at the expiration of five years a per tentage of profits on premiums paid will be returnable to insurers. Much benefit is expected to be derived from the selection of so valuable an officer as Mr. Henry Thomson for the post of manager, whose long experience at the " Royal" will be of considerable service to the new company. The transactions in the English Stock Market to day have not been very numerous, but they have included some speculative sales, which have led to a decline of / per cent., Consils having receded to 924 93 for transfer, and to 93 938 for the 10th of October. The market has closed with a very un favourable appearance. The New Threes remain at 911 ; the Reduced at 911; Exchequer Bills, March, are firm at Is. dis. to 3s. prem ; ditto June are steady at ss. dis. ; India 5 per Cent. Loan is firm at 1031 4 ; and the 51 per Cent. Enfaced Paper at 1031 ; but the Bonds have receded to 9s. prem. A rather large amount of business has been re corded in Foreign Securities, and prices have been well supported. Turkish t 6 per Cents. are 851 1; ditto, 1858, 691 Mexican have been actively dealt in, quotations ranging from 261 to 271, and are now 271. Russian are flat at 991, and Venezuelan at 20.4 ; Dutch 4 per Cents. remain at 1011 ; Brazilian 41 per C en t s , h ave i mprove d to ss 914, Grenada to 171, a n d P eruv i an 3 per C ents. to 81 831. The chief business transacted to-day in the Rail- s s way Share Market has been in connection with the arrangements for the half-monthly settlement, and prices generally have shown increased heavi- 4 ness. North-Westerns and Midlands declined 10s. ; 4 South-Easterns, ss. ; and Great Westerns, and Lancashire and Yorkshire, £l. Caledonians, how ever, improved 10s. In the Foreign and Colonial undertakings the 8 , transactions were limited. Dutch-Rhenish brought si 15 41; Bahia and San Francisco, 13 i t- 4 ; East Indian declined to 1011 ; and Great Indian Penin- . sula to 988. e. Messrs. Bell and Sons give the following quota- tions in American Securities : Redeemable. Prices United States 6 per Cents 1867-1868 80 Do. 5 per Cent Bonds Kentucky 6 per Cent. Bonds . 1868-72 68 70 Maryland 5 per Cent. Bonds 65 70 Pennsylvania 5 per Ct. Stock 70 72 Pennsylvania 5 per Ct. Bonds 1877 68 70 Virginian 6 per Cent. Bonds 46 47 Boston 41, per Ct. Strlg. Bonds 83 85 Illinois Central 7 per Cent. Illinois Central 6 per Cent. Do. shares, 80 dols. paid Michigan Central 8 per Cent 1869 80 82 Do. do. shares New York Central 6 per Ct., not convertible New York Central 7 per Ct , convertible, from June 15, 1857-59 Do. do. shares New York and Erie, 7 per Ct., Ist mortgage •••• Do. do., 2d mortgage Ds. do., 3d mortgage Do. do. convertible Do. do. shares 1883 82 84 Panama 7 per Ct., Ist mort • gage Str. Bonds, not cony Do. do., 2d do. 1865 1872 5 Pm 89 91 68 70 1864 1867 1859 1883 1862 92 94 92 94 78 79 50 55 20 21 98 100 97 93 Joint-Stock Bank and Miscellaneous Shares exhibited little variation. London Joint-Stock have receded to 31-Z ; Colonial Bank advanced to 38-1 ; Bank of London to 561; and Oriental Inland Steam were steady at 4i. BRITISH FUNDS—CLOSING PRICW -3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 9Ol 1/ 1 3 per Cent. Cons®ls Annuities New 3 per Cent. Annuities 9ll i 1 India Stock. .. . .... .. .. ~•• --- Ditto 5 per Cent. Ditto Enfaced Paper, 4 per Cent — Ditto 5 per Cent. Ditto 51 per Cent Ditto Debentures, 4 per Cent., Oct., 1863 981 1 Ditto Bonds £l,OOO Coßsols for Account, Oct. 10 . . 931 1 India Stock for Account, 5 per Cent .... 1031 March. I June. Exchequer Bills, £l,OOO, 2d 3 pm D ti 0 £5OO Ditto Small 5 pm FOREIGN FUNDS—CLosiNG PRICES. Brazilian, 5 per Cent . — Ditto 4 3 / 4 per Cent. ) 1860 Buenos Ayres, 6 per Cent. — Ditto Account Chilian 6 4 . i per Cent — Ditto . per Cent. 84 filexican 3 pe r Cent Ditto Account 7 27 New Grenad a Active 3 Cent. Peruvian 4 3 / 4 per Cent Ditto per 171 Ditto 3 per C ent. Portuguese 3 per Cent.. 1853 Ditto Small Russian 5 per Cent.. ig: 2 .... '„,' Sp inish 3 per Cent. . 't .. 99/ Ditto Passive ............ ' ..... - S pan ish Cert. of Coup. not** funded • y I urkish 6 per Cent ......... ed •' Ditto Account ..................... • • r Ditto New Loan Ditto Account - ........... Ditto £lOO Bonds ............. 7O 69/ ........ 70. Venezuelan 3 per Cent Ditto Account Dividends on the above payable in London. Dutch 24 per Cent., Exchange 12 Gull — ?Aft() Certificates, 4 per Cent. TWO O'CLOCK, Consols, Money .................... 9 92 3 / 11 3 Ditto Account .................. Ma. CHATTERTON'S BENEFIT.--Mr. F. B. Chat terton, the Acting Manager of the Lyceum, takes his benefit on Monday next, when he has prepared an attractive bill. The admirable entertainment, will constitute a strong appeal for the beneficiaire, independent of the high estimation in which he is held by a large circle of friends. He deserves a bumper I Commercial telegrams from New York yester day, dated the 18th inst., confirm the anticipation that, at the present rate of American expenditure, an exportation of specie from that country cannot be long delayed. The quotation of exchange is already stated to have advanced 4o 1-09 i, Closing . Business Sha; e Railways Price. i Done. stock stock stock stock '5 ' !I'y the and Tyne 10 per e. pref. (issued at £:i Ick , (iris. & Exet.4 p.ct.stoc 0 I Do, do. do. Shares ick ICaledon £10,41 per cen )ck ' Do. Quar. Shares, No. 2. 6 4 Cork & Bandon, 51 p. C. !0 Cornwall, 5 per cent 6 5 I Dun.Perth&Aber.Jun. 14 Do Ist Class Pref )( k I E.Angn.Class A 7 &sp.c )ck I Do. do. Class B 6 p.c )ck I Do. do. Class C 7 p.c ick I E. Colin. Ex. 5 p. c. No.l )ck , Do. do. No. 1 )ck ; Do. New 6 per ct. stock. 3cl( I Eastern Union, 4 per ct, ock Do. 5 per cent. guar... ,ck Edin.&Glas. sp.c. shares! lk Do. 4p. c gua. S. &D I .ck Ledin. Perth& Dun. 4 p.c. I ock Furness, 5 per cent .... mock ling.& S. Wrstg.a. 5 p.c, 'hack ;Great Northern, 5 p. ct, lel, i P , o.sp.c.Redm., 10 p.c.pm (etc Do. 41 p. c. do. do. % 0 Do. sp.c. Redm. 5 p.c. pm I 0 ( , t.Nt. h. of Scotld. lst pf )( 1, 5 St. Sn. & W (Ireland) i p. ct. pref. stock 0 (-treat West. (Berke an Hants) Ext. 5 p. et . e set , 1:o. Redeemable,4lp.et )ck ' Do. Redeemabte, p. et. )ck Do Irredeemable, do Ick Do. 5 p.ct. Redeem. Pref , Do. Blrm. Pref. Shares. 10 sit. W. Ches. 8 p.c. pf.sh 10 , )o. do. sp. et. pref. ock Do Birmg.guar. stock 2 35 I (15 Do. Chester gun. shares 13 / 0. do. do. 20 !Do, do. do. 100 I Lan. & Carl. 41 pc. pref s t ock I Lan.tYork 6 p. c. stock stock Do.Barnstst£s3s 10d pc stock Do, 6 per c. (E. Lan.) stock Coll.& Brig. 5 pc.gn. No.' stock , 4). sp. c. No. 2 stock Do. gua. 6p. C. stock Do. do 5 1 p. c. No. 4 stock Do. do. 4 per cent... 5 !)o. do. 4 p. C. shares.. stock Do, 7p. et. Pref. stock. stock Do. tip.c. do. (W.E.&C.P.) stock Do.4p.c.S.(div.dettil '65) stock Do. 4 per cent. Prt.:f stock Lon. Chat. and Dover / Do. W. A rceiv. no div I 10 Ex.A tiltip cis pd onl I no. B B. AL Brom ex. I 10 Do. Metropolitan Ex B stock [.on. and N.W. Coy. and Nuneaton, 5 p. ct stock 4,0 n. & S.W, 7p. ct. stock stock Do. 44 per cent 2s. Sid. 1)0. (Prtsm. perpl anns. at 2s. tid..... ..... .... 121 I.ondondy. & Cole. 3 sh. 12 1 Londony. & Ennis. eh' stock , tan. Sh. &Lin. 6 per at 6 , 'O. .E 6 sloe' i Do. 15 per cent 10 I Do. redeem. 6 per cent 121 ' ',Tory cort & Car., 4 p. c 1.21 Do. 41 per cent stock Mid. Con. 6 p c. stock stock I Do.Con.Bris. & Bir. 6 p.c stock I Do. 41 p. c. pref. stock 6 Do. 44 per cent stock Do. Leic. & Hit. pref. st stockNorfik 5 p. c. Ex. st 1841 I stock Do. 51 p. C. Pref. do 1847 stock .Do.sWay.Val.Ex.stlB47 stock 'North British, 5 p. o stock I Do. New, gua. S p. 0 1, ( i Do. Bor. Un, g. pf. shs I'i Do. do. do st Nth.Dev.Rail. & Dck.Co st IN-EastCons.Pref. 4p. c st Do. 41 pc. redeemable,. et , Do. G.N.E. 4 per c. pref. 1 7 ; Do. Berwick, 4 p.c. Pref. 8 20 , Do. Leeds, 6 p. e. No. 1 121 I Do. do. Quarters, 1848 25 I Do. York, H. &S. I'urch 20 North Staffordshire 10 Rhymney Guaranteed 8/ ;Scottish Central, new pi st Scottish North-Eastern 1 11 p. c. pref. stock st ; Do.Aberdeen,gua.6p e st ' Do. 7p. C. pref. stock 10s. South Devon, Ann. 10s 10 Do. Fixed 45 per cent 1.0. Louth Eastern (Readhn Ann., 1.0.6) st Do. 41 per cent st Do. Fixed 11p.c. Ist is st south Wales, gua. 4 P.C. st Do. 41 per cent st Do. 5 per cent' st 5.-Yorkshire, 4p. C. gun ' 25 Stock. & Dar. Asp. c 25 1)o. B 6 per cent 25 Do. C 6 percent st Watrfd & Kilkny, ti p. c et W.Mid -Oxf Ist Gus stk st Do. 2d do et Do. Newport 5 p.c.pf.red.l st Do.Perpet. 6p.c. pf 1866 1 st Do. till 1869, Ist is., 100 102 20 21 5 i ei 100 102 110 115 106 110 106 108 105 107 122 124. 80 82 110 112 90 92 79 81 115 117 109 111 101 103 105 107 97 99 08 1(0 88 90 80 PI 102 104 96 10 166 176 10* 101 .1 74 76 20 21 10 104 15 154 134 136 111 114 111 114 136 138 111 114 160 102 150 155 127 130 ?2 74 90 91 97 19 id p 6 ip 134 14 ;120 125 6.5 70 I ft 134 136 100 102 91 92 110 112 109 111 1 11 90 In 99 101 08 100 P 4P I d ip 22 X 3 100 100 100 all all 132 136 10 104 231 23f 1100 102 IGO 102 07 99 84 86 27 28 32 33 32 33 45 48 124 126 11 1 8 120 100 102 121 123 117 120 LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. Railwa. Paid • . r Leasing lelosingi Business ys . "' , Co.'s i Price. ' Done. _ Bedford and Bletchley all Ln &N.W .. .• BullzinFfhamshire .... 100 '.D0........ 93 95 Chester & Holyhead... 100 D0........ T 52i 63 4 53 Do. 51 percent 100 Do ll9 121 Do. 5 : 100 Do. .. Clydesdale Junc " ' 100 Caledon lOl 101 Colchester, Stour Val. all E.U.&E.O 10 17 E. Lincolnsh. g, 0 per e. ICG Gt. North. 133 135 E.Union,HarwichShs. all ;E.Counts.' 9141 Do. Woodbridge... .1 100 1 . ; Gls.Barr.&Neils.Drct. 100 Calellon ,1 Do. new lOO ,D o . .... _ _ Gloster & Dean Forest, all Gt. 'West. * Hrtlp'l Dock & Rail., i all Yk.N.&Br Hull and Selby. all Yk.N. Md. 109 111 Do. halves. - Do. quarters all Do. ...„I Lanc.&Carl. gua. 5 p.c ! 100 ILn&N.W. 201 204 202 London & Greenwich } 100 IS.Eastern 1 59 01 Do. Preference , 100 !Do.—* ... 'llO 115 Lon.,Tilbury,& S -end 100 I Peto &Co. SO 82 Lowestoft gua. 4p c lOO Norfolk.. Do. a per cent ' 100 Do. N N o s e gr w n ut c a e_ m h . n . a s S r &p k i ° Ee t Moe., Bxtn ,&slatlock , all L N W&M 3 i 31 Mid. Bradford Prefer-, 100 Illidland.. 93 95 c,raßkesuetnnryt.Es.x.. .5 6 E.Counts. 1 i p . . P Do h . p. c. all Do.. 55 57 all 1/o. — Do C. • Fi r ed S P. c..,. all Do. North Western.. . * all Nlidland 151 15 Preston and Wyre. i all '1 • 4& NW 1 Do. 6 Shares . .A. "Y" ' s t r y e s w tn sb .H ry it & ch u ~,, ep all Do. —— 2 100 Gt. North. 131 132 ' e .;- re .' f l ordi 100 T.R rasse 120 122 120 1 A si Do. an... ( ...1 Lip S.-Staffordshire ' ... . ! Wilts and Somerset i 100 Gt. ' wesl. 69 91 yrthgged9ll 41ci9Ydiki P. 14 1, 4 B t rtig) 6 9 SHARE ORDINARY MARES AND STOCKS. Paid. f Closing Price. 7i 8 54 6i 93 95 103 103 5 6 'IS DAY). Business Done 40 42 10 10 1 17 18 513 52i 42 44 29 31 86 88 281 29 [O5 107 108 109 101 1(2 129 131 103 105 69. ;0 57 59 :06 106 ! 57 59 14 116 47 49 92} 03 94f ON 10 11 45 45! 54 6i 125} 125 1/ Lb 97 99 8 6d 59 61 62& 53 1001 101 i 4 584 59i 901 91% 95 98 Q 10} )01 89 01 122 124 374 .384 95 07 45 97 '3B 40 781 791 59 451 94 97 4 6 3741 881 74 8i t 5 6 Pi 556 56i 21 41, 5 - 1 4 45 47 44 46 88 90 Share' 13.14 gook stock stock Railways. Belfast and Ballymena Wol , and Str. Vab Birk., La., and Cll J uno Blyth and Tyne Bost, Steaf. and 3lid.Co Bristol and Exeter , Caledonian Cantiartheu &Cardigp, Cork and Bandon Cork, Birock., l'aspagt Cornwall . Do A ( A until 'Do B 6pc peran. gets no div.l hasbeent d.toß Dublin & Belfast June Dun., Perth, &Ab. J une 'East 'Anglian Eastern Counties Eastern Union, A stock Leo do 8 do Do Nw A, late EU3dr., East Sturolk %clinburgh & Glasgow Edin. Perth, & Dundee Forth & Clyde Junction Furness Glasg. and S. Western Great Nthn. of Scotland Great Northern Do do A stock D; do B do Gt. S. & W. of Ireland Great Western Do Str Val gua. stock . . . Irish South-eastern Lancashire & Yorkshire Loudon and Blackwalll Lon., Bright.. & S Coast ,Load., Chat., and Dover Lond. At Nth. , Western Lond. Nth. Western L'derry & Coleraine Ennisaillea Man. Shet. & Lin.oln Maryport and Carlisle Do do I shares 1 lietropolitan Midland Do new Do mirming. k Derb! Mid. Gt. W. of Ireland Do shares Mid Kent.............. Do, Cray Line Newcastle and C While Newry & Armagh, def Newry, Warnpt. & Roe Norfolk North British .... • • ...• Xcr.Dev.Rail&Dk.stov D 4 3tk ; A recs no d until 6pchas beenpd.B Do B stock ..... Nth. Eastern—Berwick Do do , G.N.E. purchase Do Leeds • • • • • • Do York ........ ,North London .. Do new. North Qtafrordshire. N. and S. W. Junction N ot. & Grantham Rail reebles Portsmouth Rhymney.....- IScottish Central (Scot N. E., Aber. stock I Do Scot. Mid. stock i Shropshire Union Sittingbounie dz Sheer. South Devon IS. -Durham & Lane. Un. (South Eastern ...... South Wales S. York. and River Dun staines, Wok,. and Wok Stockton & Darlington Do do Do New (1860) '1 ail Vale . Do Pref. No 1 I''rniesnavenDk&Rail U'Rler DJ .......... ...... Do.. • : ••••• • • ••1 I Vale ulNeath Victor ia Sta. and Pim Water, crd & Kilkenny, Watertoi d & Limerick West C +1 nwall West L0nd0n...... Do lst class Do 2d class .. IWestri artlepool frarbi and Rail West Midland—Oxford no. Newport, Do. Hereford, stock stock stock stcs,K stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock 0.4.0. stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock 9.18 stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock stock ilock stork 12 10 stock 4tocK 100 all all all all all Pi 100 I; 100 PREFERENCE SHARES. 100 - 1.4.0. 100 THE SUN, 'LONDON, SATURDAY EVENINt*, SEPTEVIBER 28, 1861. —(This Day.) Sharel Closing Price. Paid. !Business done Pamphilius ; or , the Head and Heart Leg ac y. Dedicated to the Rising Generation. One vol., pp. 148. H. Bale,' 340, Strand. It has been remarked, by one profoundly versed in, the knowledge of human nature, that—lf one man would sit down and honestly write the history of his own life and experiences he would produce a work as enthralling as any romance. Here is exactly a case in point. The writer of this little volume has done literally what the philosophic thinker recommended. And the result of his manly, truthful labours, to our thinking, is precisely what was prophesied. Here, in fact, is the faithful record of a life sufficiently chequered in its way. Here is the outline of a career " showing," as the brief preface intimates, " how an untaught boy rose, step by step, to the honourable position mentioned in these pages." And that position ? Well, the record itself will best satisfy the reader's curiosity on that point. We are loath in any manner to an ticipate it- Yet we may be permitted, perhaps, to remark that .PAMPHILIUS, the " Untaught Boy," by the simple exercise of his industry and of his intelligence, by the aid of his clear Head and of his warm Heart, has risen to be Author, Printer, Pah lisher—Dramatist, Song-writer, Grammarian—be ing at this present writing in fact one of the largest printers and publishers of literary periodicals, but principally of daily and weekly newspapers. He claims, and with reason, to be one of the foremost pioneers of cheap and popular serial publications. He long issued from his pr,ess the once well-known Mirror, the precursor of all the penny and two penny miscellanies. He introduced to the world the Daily Telegraph. He has long been publieh ing, and still publishes, among many other perio dicals and journals, the great weekly organ of finance, the journal that was first raised to its pre. eminence (as such) by the genius of the late Right Hon. James Wilson, meaning, of course, the Eco noinist newspaper. Mr. Wilson's portrait is grace fully and gratefully prefixed to the volume as its frontispiece. And under the effigy of the lamented financier• is inscribed—not his name (that would have been superfluous —so truthful is the resem blance) but—this simple and touching inscription, "A Dear Friend of Pamphilius." From the first page of this little book to the last, the narrative is delightful to read. It is wholesome throughout. It is as frank and manly a little record of a homely but adventurous life as we can remember td have met with for a very long while. Quaint the style of the narrative is at times, almost to the length of extravagance. Whimsical the writer is very fre quently. But of him we may assuredly write quite as earnestly and cordially as Biddy v‘rote to Pip (in a memorable note in Great Expectations) when referring to dear old Joe Gargery, the Black smith—" He is a worthy, worthy man.' Pamphi lius, as will be seen, dedicates his volume to the Rising Generation. And to the Rising Generation we do hereby heartily commend it. We should like to know for certain that upon every honest schoolboy's bookshelf in the land there were found, ranged side by side with the Life of Benjamin Franklin, with Defoe's Robinson (rusoe, and Day's Sandford and hlerton, and half a dozen other fami liar books of that class, a well-thumbed copy of this Head and Heart Legacy, by PAMPHILIUS. It is high praise, we are aware, but it is praise that the book well merits. It is so honest, and manly, and hearty in every syllable of it. Several years back, it may be remembered by the lovers of Fun, that a select party of the contributors to Punch gave to the public a little volume of facet:.az entitled very modestly, and we are con strained to add, not altogether untruthfully, " A Shilling's worth of Nonsense." Well, here on the contrary is " A Shilling's worth of Sense , " and of sound good sense too—sense that it will do nobody any harm to " read, mark, learn, and inwardly digest." Is there a craving on the reader's part for mere variety ? He will find it here to his heart's content and his head's advantage in abundance. For here within the compass of this little pocket volume, besides the autobiographic sketch, which 41 the thread of the narrative stringing together the pearls of Pamphilius's experience, there will be discovered in its pages—scattered carelessly through them, often adorning them, always diversifying them—we don't know how many original Songs and Ballads, a Comedy, the libretto of an Ooera, and, besides other miscellaneous effusions, a complete French Grammar ! It were ungracious on our part did we not add as a piece of information in regard to Pamphilius, not without peculiar interest for the readers of The Sun and for ourselves, that once upon a time in the course of his chequered life, the author of this delightful little volume was numbered amongst the ranks of our compositors handling the types upstairs in our composing room, working manfully at the galleys, not like a French slave, but like a free-born Englishman. As with ' that cordial grasp of the hand one gives to an old friend at meeting and at parting, we bid adieu to Pam philius. 58 - 62 98 99 4} 41 d 6 7 70 75 65 70 65 70 5 5i A Treatise on the Steam .Engine. By John Bourne. Longman and Co. Although innumerable works have been written on the steam engine, relating to its various ap plications, its history, and its mechanical con struction, none has yet appeared that embraces so completely and so extensively all its branches •as the treatise before us. Its application to mines, Mills, railways, navigation, and agriculture, are all in turn considered ; but beyond this tables are furnished, showing the rela tive proportions of engines required for various purposes, with practical:instructions for the manu facture of every species of engine. Mr. Bourne informs us in his preface to this, the fifth edition of the work, that although it bears the name of former editions of "A Treatise on the Steam Engine," by the Artisan Club, which was originally published in monthly parts, it is really a new work, so numerous have been the additions and emendations; and great credit is undoubtedly due to him for the pains he has taken to render this work complete. It consists of twelve chap ters, each devoted to one particular branch; thus, in Chapter 1., the early history of the steam engine is explained, showing how, although the properties of steam were known to the ancients at .a remote period, it was never turned to any practical use. In another chapter the theory of the steam engine is explained; then the practical part .of the work commences, and instructions are given for con struction and management of every kind of engine, and so on throughout the volume. Although at first sight one might naturally suppose that this treatise would be useful to the engineer or scientific stadent only, it contains much to interest and instruct the every day reader. At the commence ment much useful matter is furnished, together with details of how in ancient times of ignorance, and superstition, the priests imposed on their credulous dupes, and performed miracles through the agency of natural philosophy. Mr. Bourne maintains that it was not the want of genius that prevented the development of the steam engine in remote ages, but the want of a necessity for its application. When that time came it was first invented and then brought to its present perfection in the country which moat required its assistance. The ancients appear to have had very vague notions of the nature of steam. They believed in the existence of only four elements—fire, air, earth, and water, and thought that water was turned into air when dissipated by evaporation. Thus Plato says, " That which we now calla water becomes as a stone or solid, but being melted and diffused becomes gas or air ;" and it was the prevalent notion of his time, and of many subsequent ages, that water is turned into air by heat. In consequence of this misconception, it is often dif ficult to understand, in the description of ancient pneumatic contrivances, whether steam or air was the moving power, and we have indeed generally to form our conclusion on this head from the nature of the arrangement. We have, however, very clear evidence that both steam, and a i r ex pandedby heat, were often used by the ancients as motive powers ; and some of the expedients employed for that pur pose are of considerable elegance. In a work which has been often referred to, entitled " Spiritalia seu Pneumatics," written by Hero, a philosopher of Alexandria, 'about 130 years before the Christian era, a variety of devices are set forth for elevating liquids, and obtaining rotatory motion by means of air and steam, of which we shall only enume rate those in which it is beyond doubt steam was the agent. The first of these is a method of causing wine to flow from the hands of effigies set beside an altar, after the fire upon ti the altar has been lighted. A gleam .tight vessel or vase, containing wine, is placed within each effigy, and the altar is made hollow, and is partly filled with water, bent pipes being conducted from the space above thew ater in the altar to the spaces above the wine in the vases.-and other tubes again being led from beneath the level of the wine in the vases to the hands of the effigies. When, therefore, says Hero, you are about to sacrifice, you must pour into the tubes a few drops, lest they should be injured by heat, and attend to every joint, lest it leak ; and so the heat of the fire mingling with the water will pass in an aerial state through these tubes to the vases, and pressing on the wine make it pass through the bent siphons, until, as it flows from the hands of the living creatures, they will appear to sacrifice as the altar continues to burn. The instrument for the production of rotatory motion is one of great ingenuity, and has all the qualities of a true and efficient steam-engine, except its size. This instrument is called the ZEolipile, and is identical in all its material features with the engines, constructed by Avery in America, and Ruthven of Edinburgh, in this country. These en gines are more expensive in steam than ordinary engines, and travel at an inconvenient speed ; but in other respects they are quite aseffectual, and their Construction is extremely simple and inexpensive. The substance of Hero's recipe for the construction of an lEolipile is substantially this : Let a boiler be set on the fire, and nearly filled with water, and let its mouth be closed by a cover whi c h i s pierced by a bent tube, whose extremity fits exactly into a hollow sphere. But at the opposite end of the diameter (of the sphere) let there be an iron axis supported from the top of the cover, and let the sphere have two bent pipes at the ends of the diameter of the sphere,perforated therewith, and bent round in opposite directions; and let the bends make right angles, and be in the plane perpendicular to the axis. Then it will follow that the boiler being heated, the vatour passing through the tubes into the sphere mill rush, out through the reversed pipes, and whirl the sphere round on its axis. After travelling carefully through the dark ages, Railways. 'Atlantic & St Lawrence Bom.,Baroda&.Cent Ind Gu. 5 per cent........ Do. Do. 'Buffalo and Lake Huron Do. New Do. Preference IBuffalo,BrantotiGodrich 6 p. ct. bds. Aug. 1, 1872 (Do. do. July 1, 187:3 Do. do. ,1 une 1, 1871 Clcutta..tS.Eastn. (Li u ) I Cape,Eastn.Prov. (Lim.) Cape Town & Dock Seri], Ceylon Guarantd. 6 p. c. Demerara.. Eastn. Bengal gu. 5 p, East Indian, gu. 5 p. c. Do. I` Shares Ext "'Do. Jubbulpore. Do. 41 p c. Debentra. Do. 5 p. c. Deb., 1864 Do. 1865-1870 Grand Trunk of Canada Do. 6 per cent. Pref Do. 2d Pref. 6 per ct Do. 6 per et. Debentr Do. 7 per cent. 1862 Do. do. 1867 Do. do. 1872 t.lndiaPenin.gua.sp.c. Do. New gua. 5 p. C. South.of India (Lim guaranteed 5 per cent. Do. do. Gt. W. of Canada .Share, Do. New .. ....... iDo. 6 p.c. '73 with't opt. Do. 5i p. c. do. '77 d 0... 'Do. 54 p. c. do. '7B d'o... Madras guar., 44 p. a... Do. do. 5 per cent .... Do. 4 p. c. Extension Do. 5 3lelb.Corp. 6 Newßrunswick a Canda Ry.StL an d(Lim.)g.6pc r Class A Capital Share Do. do. Land d 0..... ... Do. do. B Capital do. .. Do. do. Land do. ...... Oude (Limited) ........ Scinde ...... • • .. 1 44z Do. Punjaub .... ca e Do. Do. ........ WI Do. Indus. St. Flo. qga. Trinidad (Lim.) Scrip.. 1 ail ilOO FOREIGN RAIL 100 all all all all Algerian . . Antwerp & Rotterdam. Ardennes........ • • •, • • Bali.&S.Fran..Lim.7 p.c. Belgian East. Junction Beziers to G-raissessac.. Carmeaux Mine Z..- Rail Copiapo ................ Ditto Extension .... Dutch Rhenish ..... Eastern of France .... Grand Rue Guar. 6 p. c. Do. do. Great Central of France Gt. Luzern., Con. shs... Italian Junction Lierre & Turnhout .... Lyons & Geneva ...... Namur & Liege Do. 6 p. c. Pref. ........ Northern of France.... Do. New Shares Norwegian Trunk Pref. Paria,Lyons, & Medi ter. Paris & 0r1ean5........ Recife & S. Fran. (Pern.), zua. 7 p. ct. 1im...... Riga & Dunaburg...... Royal Danish Royal Swedish Do. 7 per cent. Pref.... Sambre & Meuse ...... Do. 5i per cent. Pref..... ian Paulo, lim, v. 7 p. c. Aust .Lomb Venetin Southern of France.... S. East Portugal 7 p ct. West Flanders .. ~.... Do. 5i p. c. Preerence.. W. & N.W. of France .. West'rn of Austria.... Western of Switzerland Wiesbaden ...... Do. 8 per cent Pref Zealand BRTTIS. Alfred Consols (Philack) British Iron [Clifford Devon G. Cons. (Tavist ) 1 East Bassett (Illogan) East Caradon ! SV'l Russel (Tavistk.) G lin St. A übyn(G wen ); Great, South TolguA G. Wheal Alfa. (Phil ack; G. Wheal Vor(Fielston); G'renvilli! Herod's- Foot „ Hingston Downs !Lady Bertha Hargaret ( tiny Lelant)i North Downs North Frances (Il lob au )1 Base.et(lllo North Wheal Crotty Par Consols(St. Blazey) Providence (Uny Lelntoi Sortride Gins. ;South Caradon(St.Cleer)' S. Cam Brea (Illogan) 1 S. Dev. Iron &Gen., Lima S.Wheal Fran. (I11ogan)1: !Stray Park Tamar Silv.& Lead Alin ; Tin Croft Vale of Towey (Carrn.)l West Basset (Illogan) ; W. Caradon (Liskeard); West Seton Wheal Basset '(IlloganlI I Wheal Buller( Redruth) Wheal Edward (Cals.) Wheal Kitty (U.Lelant), Wheal Mary Ann (Men.): Wheal Treiawney (Lis.)l 3.2.101 1.14.0 7.4.0 54t 17s 6.8.5 8.12 4.11.8 1.10.0 2 9 1 1.14.0 9.18.9 1i 10.6.7 1 5.9.0 all 261 14 i t 1 .2 355 350 70 75 261 271 31 3/ 11 13 31 41 3 31 1121 117 k 29 31 14 51 Of 15 17 44 46 32; 345 8i 88 75 85 If 2 6 7 13 14 14 16 13s ed FO REIGN DI I: NES. 8 71 1i 20 Australian 1 BonAccord Copper,Lim 17:6 pr 1p 20 Brazil St.J. del ltey,Lim 15 394 405 5 Do. Land and Mining Co. all 1 14 1 Clarendon Cous.MinCo. I 40 'Cobra Copper all 35 37 !Copiapo 1 DunMoun.Cop.Ming.Co ail 2 !Fortuna. 20 ;General all 23 24 2 i Gt N. Cop. of S. Austr 1 6 p 11 Kapunda (Limited) 1 1 14 p 3 Linares all 6 7 6 Lusitanian I 2 4 pr 1 Mariquira all 1 N. It hineCopotS.Aus. L a 5 tt 20 Pontp;ibaud Silver,Lead Mining and Smelt ! all 2 4 5 Port Philip , 1 ; 14 1 Scottish Austrin. (L.) , 10s. 41 p 1181.85 United Mexican . ail 51 61 I Worthing (Limited) ' all 1 Do. — JOINT-STOCK BANKS. 190 Agra&llnitedService the SO 84 46 40 Australasia I all 66 67 25 I Bank of Egypt all 21 22 100 Bank of London 20 Illank of Turkey 50 11Iritish North American all 52 54 20 Ohtd.Bank of India, &c. all 204 104 201 25 'Ch.Mer. of tn. Lon.& Ch. all -- 100 City 100 Colonial ........ 20'11 Corn. Bank of Canada.. all 100 20 Eng-.. Scot, & Ch.. all 17 17; 174 'Commercial of London. 2 0 2 0 Gen. Bk .of Switzerland all 20 Lon. Char. Bkof Austral all 21 245 24 20 Do. new lO 3 34 50 London and County 20 341 5 54 50 London Joint Stock 10 314 324 31; 20 London and S. African lO 4 pr 100 London & Westminster 20 i 661 074 lOO Nat. Frov. of Engl an d 20 Do. new . . ... 50 National Bank 2C New South Wales.... ' • all 34 36 25 Orient. B. Corporation. all 504 614 20 Ottoman Bank ... .. . . nit 171 185 100 Provaicial of Ireland:. 25 10 Do. new all 25 South Australia ..,-... all 25 Union of Australia .... all 39 41 50 Union o! London 100 Unity Mutual.. ...... COLONIAL GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. ;Can.Goy. 6 p.c.Ja. &July I 1877-9 lOO 109 114 Do 6p. cent.lBBo-2, 100 - Do. 6p. centlBB3-4, 100 Do. 6p. C. Feb. & Aug,-. 1 100 106 108 Do. 6p.c. M ir. & Sept. 100 106 108 109; Do. 5 per cent lOO 1004 1014 Cape G.liope, 6 p 0,1880, 100 109 11l Do. 18901 100 102 11l N, B.Gov. 6 p.c. Ja.&July, 100 108 109 Do. 6p. c.Ap. & Oct.! 100 - N. S. W. G ov. sp. 0.,18661 100 901 1004 Do. sp. c.,1871 to 1876' 100 991 1005 Do. p.c., 1888 & upwdsj 100 99 100 99; INovaScotiaGov. 6p. c : sterling, 1875 lOO 1085 1095 S. Aus,G6p.c.lB7B.&up 1 100 - Vlc.Gov. 6 pc. Ja.&Julyi 100 —— - I Do. do. 6 p.c. Ap.&Oct 1 100 1085 109 1084 LloBi 109 108 i i DOCKS. stock I Commercial lOO stock !Do. 4 per Cent.Pref.Min lOO stock !East and West India ' 100 120 123 stock I Londo , ' stock ISt. Katharine ' 100 63 65 stock Southampton lOO stook Victoria.. lOO 96 98 20 Do New - MISCELLANEOUS. - • 10 Anglo-Mexican Mint 1.. all 144 154 1 0 Atlantic R. Ml. Stm (Id), all 1 fl 1000 Atlantic Tel. (Limited) all 25 Australian Agricultural 19 28 30 10 Berlin Water (Limited) all 44 41 50 British American Land 40 60 20 D 11 . 0& , 5 7 I p a g, c. . t T n e ll l. B A 52 ll ram: ) a a 31l 18 0 3 20 5 20 Do. C. (Limited) ........ all j 10 13 324 Canada Land .. . . ... all 107 110 10 Chan.lslands Tel. (Lim. all at. Cop. Min.ofEng-,.&, naltg all —— 25 Do. Pref. 7 per cent ... a ll 15 17 st. Crystal Palace ........ 100 34 35 at. Do. Preference . . . . 100 104 106 st. Do. 6 p ct. Perpet. Deb. 100 104 107 20 E. Indialrrign. & Canal 1 1d ill at. Electric Telegraph .... 100 91 06 25 Do. New ............. 15 5 English & Aus. Copper, all 34 34 15 Gen. Steam Navigati in 14 —-- 1 Great Ship 1,1 mited)... all 1 Do. 176 pet Preference all 6 5 Lon. District Tel. (Lim.) 44 4 L.G. Omnibus Co. (Lim.) all 14 11 20 3ladras Irr. and Canal.. 1 lit 2,1 10 Eaten. Tel. (Lim.) all 3 4 25 National Dis. Co. (Lim.) 5 11 4 d 20 Nerba.Coal&lron (Lim ) 5 1# 0 d 10 Netherlands Land all all 1 ) 1 Oriental Gas (Limited). a 1 14 1 . 100 5 1 NN. 7 l3B .B .rA p t e Ns . i to ' r r va e a : die. jaml Id. 81 11e) at.l p c, e o e . New lß. L .. & a r :v e r s i n ( ; n . ) l a o l _ 1 . 1 1 1 , 1 ,, 5 1 0 0 o p e r n i n . tl ,t . In. o r Oriental tnetaaml Steam( M. all nl 64 % 8 4 6 5 00,, 50 Do. New 3O 11 13 20 Red Sea&ln.Tel.g.46p.c all 174 1 8 4 50 Rhymney Iron all 164 174 15 Do. New all 44 54 100 Royal Mail Steam 6O 5 0 52 st. Scot. Austin. Inv.(Lim ) 100 130 140 25 South Australian Land all 32 34 1 Submarine Tel. Scrip., all 1 Do. do. Registered 10 Do. do all 461 10 Trust and Agency or Austrlasia (lira) Est is. 1 4d 4 p 20 Tr.& Ln.CO. of Upr.Can. 5 5 111 K'dom Tel. Co. (11m.) 1 4cl DT 100 T ail 010:1112'4 LAnci ok I 9 - - ) 5 I all all I IP 19i 20 6 101 102 go 101 100 101 99 100 19 20 62 (5 55 58 32 35 PS 42 3! 34 32 34 98 99 d I 971 981 6 98 90 93 88 90 97 08 90 92 4 6 4 6 101 102 id ‘f 04 00 4 ill - AYS . 6 61 - U pr fpm I 93 103 4 3i I 23i _4j 88 8i 8 fi 19i 20a 88j 39j 84 94 404 414 56 67 4 3 d 51 6 Pi 11 1 1 } 26 27 7 7i 91 10} 211 22A POLICE 1N: MARLBOROUGH-STREET. A FRENCH VAGABOND.— Tulian Felix, a Frenchman, and whose appearance was of the most singular kind, wa s charged with begging. The prisoner appeared in the dock almost in a state of nudity, having only part of a pair of trowsers and waistcoat on, the rest of his person being quite bare, and his wretched appearance was made still worse by the fact of his not hav ing washed his skin for some time, and having a grisly beard. A constable of the G division proved seeing him standing the previous night in Tottenham.court-road with a crowd of persons round him, and then saw him receive money. Chief Clerk—Was he dressed, or rather undressed, as he appears now ? Constable--Yes. Higginbottom, C div'sion, said some time back a suit of clothes was given him, and the next day he appeared in the most deplorable dress. Mr. Albert said there was no occasion for the man to go about in such a state, for he felt certain any Frenchman would give him some clothes. He had no doubt the man made it a practice so as to obtain money from the public. Mr. Beadon said the best charity would be to send the prisoner to gaol for a month. THAMES. EATING AN I 0 U.—Susaunah Withersly, the wife of a beershop-keeper, was brought before Mr. Selfe charged with stealing and eating an I 0 U for £6O, the property of Mr. James Spearman, a respectable licensed victualler, and the landlord of the Old Duke William public-house, its Old Gravel lane, St. George in-the-East. It appeared that the prisoner's husband was the landlord of a beer-house in High-street, Shadwell, which he held, as tenant, under Mr. Spearman. Withersly is about to leave the beer-house, and some arrangements were made on Friday between Mr. Spearman, the prisoner's husband, and a broker named Adams, in the course of which an I 0 U for £6O, which the prisoner's husband gave to Mr. Spearman, as a kind cf collateral security for fixtures and other property, was mentioned. Mr. Adams said the prisoner's husband would like to see the I 0 U, and it was shown to him by Mr. Shearman. Some hours afterwards the prisoner said she would like to see the I 0 U. Mr. Spearman produced it, and the pri soner immediately snatched it from his hand and put it into her mouth. She ate it, and it soon disappeared. Mr. Stoddart, who appeared for the prisoner, elicited from the prosecutor that the I 0 U was given to him for an agreement for a loan which the prisoner's husband never received. Mr. Spearman added that it was more a matter of honour between him and Mr. Withersly that the I 0 U was given. Mr. Stoddart contended that the I 0 U was worthless, and that no consideration was given for it. Mr. Selfe said he did not care whether consideration was given for the I 0 U or not. It was a piece of paper, and the prisoner had no right to snatch it from the prosecutor and eat it. He advised the prisoner's husband to sign another I 0 U, the exact copy of the one destroyed. The prisoner's husband got into the witness-box and swore he never signed any I 0 U. Mr. Selfe—Let the case proceed. The prisoner will be committed for trial for stealing a valuable security. Mr. Stoddart advised Mr. Withersly to give Mr. Spear man another 1 0 U, and he reluctantly did so, to the following effect :—To Mr. James Spearman. I 0 U £6O. William Aust Withersly, 17th September, 1860. Witness, Charles Stoddart, solicitor. The prisoner was then discharged. THIS DAYS MARKETS. COVENT GARDEN. Our market to-day has been fairly supplied with both fruit and vegetables for the time of year. Generally speak ing, the trade has ruled steady, as follows : FRUIT. s. d. S. d. Pine apples, perlb 3 oto 5 01 Colonial do., each 1 oto 3 0 Grapes,per 1b.... 1 6to 4 0 Forei„, , n do. I. oto 2 6 &felons, each .... 1 oto 3 0 Peaches, perdoz.. 4 oto 10 0 ; Nectarines, per dz 4 oto 10 0 Apples, per sievel 6to 3 0 Pears, per do .... 1 6to 2 6 Oranges, per 100 0 oto 0 0 Lemons, per 100.. 4 oto 8 0 Apricots, per doz 0 oto 0 0 Cherries, per lb. 0 oto 0 0 Filberts, per lb .. 1 oto 1 0 Cobnuts, per lb 0 oto 0 0 Almonds, per bus 0 oto 0 0 Walnuts, per 100 1 oto 2 0 Figs, per doz . 0 oto 0 0 Strawberries pun. 0 0 to 0 0 Gooseberries lit sv 0 oto 0 0 Currants, per. do. 0 0"to 0 0 Plums, per do. 0 oto 0 0 Greengages, pr do. 0 oto 0 0 Raspberries,prpt 0 oto 0 0 VEGETABLES. Greens, dz bunch 2 6to 3 61 Shallots, per lb .. 0 Bto 0 10 Cabbages, pr doz. 0 9to 1 3 Horseradish, pbn 1 oto 2 0 Savoy do., pr bh. 0 2to 0 41 Parsley, per ditto 0 3to 0 4 Cauliflowers, pdz 1 oto 3 0 Celery, per ditto 0 oto 0 0 Brocoli, per bush. 0 oto 0 0 Beet, per doz. .. 1 6to 2 0 Potatoes, per ton 85 to 110 0 Parsnips, per do. 0 oto 0 0 New ditto, pr ewt. 0 oto 0 0 Small salad, p. pn, 0 oto 0 0 Peas, per sieve 0 oto 0 0 Alushrooms.p ptl. 2 oto 3 0 Turnips, dz bunch 4 oto 5 0 Artichokes, pr dz 0 oto 0 0 Carrots, pr do 3 6to 5 Cabbage lett,score 0 10 tot 3 Cucumbers 0 2to 1 0 Endive, per score 0 oto 0 0 Garlic, per lb Sorrel, per sieve 0 oto 0 0 i Tomatoes, doz... 0 oto 0 0 Spinach, 0 oto 0 0' Walnuts, per 100 0 oto 0 0 Brus. sprouts,h.s. 0 oto 0 0 Chillies, per ditto 0 oto 0 0 Onions, hf. sv 0 oto 0 0 Capsicums, per do 0 oto 0 0 New Do., dz bun 1 6to 2 ,0' Rhubarb, per bun 0 oto 0 0 French beans, h.s. 1 3to 2 0 Asparagus, pr do. 0 oto 0 0 Leeks, per bunch 0 oto 0 0 Seakale, per pun. 0 0 to 0 0 NEAVGATE AND LEADENIIALL. Turkeys, 4s Od to 7s Od ; poults, Os Od to Os Od each ; geese, 5s Od to 8s Od ; goslings, 5s Od to 8s Od ; ducklings, 2s Od to 3s Od ; rabbits, is Od to 2s Od each ; wild do., 8d to is Id ; pigeons, Os Gd to Os 8d each; large Surrey fowls, 5s Od to lOs Od ; chickens, 4s Od to 7s Od; barn-door fowls, 3s Od to 6s Od ; capons, Os Od ; hares, 3s Od to 4s Od ; grouse, 2s lid to 3s Gd each ; pheasants, Os Od to Os Od ; ptarmigan, Os Od to Os ; woodcocks, Os Od to Os Od; snipes, Os Od to Os Od; teal, Os 6d to Os 8d ; wild ducks, is 6d to 2s Od ; widgeons, Os Od to Os Od ; plovers, is Od to Os Od each ; guinea fowls, Os Od to Os Od ; roasting pigs, 4s Od to 8s Od each; Ostend fresh butter, lld to is Id ; English, is Od to is 3d per lb ; English eggs, 8s 6d to lOs 1:1; French do., 7s 6d to 9s Od per 120 ; leverets, 2s Gd to 4s Od each. BILLING SOATE. Salmon, is 4d to is 8d ; trout, Us Od to Os ; eels, 5d to 10d , prawns, 5s Od to Os; pike, skate, sturgeon, and halibut, 6d pei lb.; turbots, 2s 6d to 20s ; cod, 3s Od to 15s Od ; brills, is Od to lOs Od ; doreys, is Od to 7s Od ; mullets, Os 4d to is 6d ; lobsters, Gd to 3s Od ; crabs, Gd to 2s 6d ; plaice and garnets, 4d to is Gd each; soles, 6d to 3s Od per pair; common oysters, lOs to 20s ; natives, 40s to 44s per bushel ; whitings. 3s Od to 12s Od ; haddocks, 5s to 20s Od ; smelts, 2s Od; fimmders, is Gd to 2s Gd per dozen ; mackerel, --s ; fresh herrings, Os ; bloaters, 7s to 8s per 100 ; carp and tench, is Od to 3s per brace. WHITECHAPEL. Beef from 2s 8d to 4s Od ; mutton, 3s Od to 4s 2d ; lamb, Os Od to Os Od ; veal, :'s Od to 48 Od ; and pork, 3s 10d to 4s 8d per Blbs. by the carcase. NEWPORT. Beef, from 2s 8d to 4s Od ; mutton, 3s Od to 4s 2d ; lamb, Os Od to Os Od; veal, 3s Od to 4s Od ; and pork, 38 10d to 4s 10d per Blbs. BREAD. The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are from 8d to 81d, of household do., 6d to 7id per 41b loaf. HIDES AND SKINS. Market hides, 561 b to Gilb, 3d to 3td ; 641 b to 721 b, 31d to 3id ; 721 b to 801 b, 31c1 to 4d ; 801 b to 881 b, 4d to 4id ; 881 b to 961 b, 4id to 5d ; 961 b to 10 Ilb, 5d to 51d. Horse hides, 8s to Os Od ; calf skins, light 2s Od to 4s Od ; do. full, 6s Od to Os Od ; polled sheep, 4s Od to 5s Od ; half-breds, 3s 4d to 3s 9d ; Downs, 3s Od to 3s 4d ; lambs, 2s 10d to 4s 6,1; shearlings, Os Od to Os Od. HAY MARKETS. SMITIIFIELD.—Meadow hay, £2 Os to £5 Os Od; clove, do., £3 Ss to £6 Os; and straw, El 8s to £1 14s per load. A slow trade. CUMBERLAND.--Meadow hay, £2 2s to £5 ss; clover do., £3 5s to aOs and straw, £1 8s to £1 14s per load. Both hay and straw sold slowly, at late rates. WHITECHAPEL.—Meadow hay, £2 Os to £5 Os; clove/, do., £3 lOs to £6 Os Od ; and straw, £1 7s to £ll4s per load, Trade slow. THIS DAY'S ShIPPING. LONDON, Sept. 28.—Wind this day at noon—South- Easterly; rather fresh breeze, with dull and cloudy weather. (BY SUBMARINE AND MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.) GRAVESEND, Saturday Morning. Arrived—Aquia, from Caen ; Apollo, from Engleholm ; Alexander, from Cronstadt ; Don Colino, from Guernsey ; Sunshine, from Vyborg ; Henrietta, from Griefswald ; Superior, from St. Valery ; Moseles, from Antwerp. Sailed, Sept. 27.—Trident, steamer, for Touning ; Adlers, steamer, for Bremen. _ Sailed, Sept. 28.—Seine, steamer, for Boulogne. DEAL, Saturday Morning. Passed, Sept. 27.—H.M.5. Virago and Swallow, with despatch vessel in tow, from Sheerness, for Plymouth. Passed—Celt, of Newcastle, and Bride of London, from the westward for London; H.M.S. Orpheus, from Sheer ness, for Portsmouth ; Black Prince brig, (supposed), from Colombo, for London. A MAN KILLED AT KING'S COLLEGE.—About a quarter to 12 o'clock yesterday, some men were engaged at King's College, Strand, at tie new building, in lifting a large stone for the top flooring, when the great weight of stone by some means fell on one of the workman named Nixon. A cry was raised, and the men at work with him ran to his assistance, when the poor fellow was removed from under the stone, but quite dead. The un fortunate deceased was removed to the dead-house to await an inquest. CORN TO FRANCE. - -Extract of a letter from Paris, dated September 23 ;—" For your guidance, the quantity of breadstuffs bought by France during the last four months is calculated as follows :-3,000,000 hectolitres in America; 4,000,000 in Black Sea ports ; 2,500,000 in German and Prussian ports ; 1,690,009 in English ports ; total, 11,000 000 hectolitres, or nearly 4,000,000 quarters. WATER CHARGES IN LIVERPOOL.—The owners' of offices in the town of Liverpool met yesterday, to consider the charges for water imposed in accordance with an inter pretation recently given to the act by the Court of Queen's Bench. Mr. W. Brown presided, and after several illus trations had been given of the exorbitant nature of the charges, it was resolved to take legal measures to secure a revision of the same. Last year the then Mayor of Southampton, Mr. Perins, had a silver cradle presented to him in cense. quence of the birth of his daughter during his mayoralty. The Southampto4 Town Council met yesterday for the pur pose of making arrangements for the presentation of a silver cradle to Mr. Coles, the present mayor of that town, on account of the birth of his daughter —au event which took place a few days eine% 100 stk 18 20i 204 10 100 100 100 stock) 100 100 100 stock 100 100 100 100 100 100 stock stock 20 20 100 100 100 stock stock stock 20 stock stock stock 101 61 60 99 8a IF.B. all all all all all and explaining to the, best of his ability many con tradictory stater9tents, the auth or b r i ngs us down tr) modern times -when the dispute arose as to who first invented the . steam engine. In the fifteenth century there were many who claimed the honour, and several ingenious models were constructed, theoretically perfect, but practically useless. Among other claimants we may mention Solomon de Caus, a native of Normandy, and Giovanni Branca, but it was reserved for Eflgland to produce the man who first constructed an engine which was of prac tical utility, and saved expence by its services. The following quotation will best explain the Marquis of Worcester's engine : The next name on our list is the Marquis of Worcester, who in 1663 publshed a pamphlet addressed to King Charles 11. and the English Parliament, entitled "A Cen • fury of the Names and Scantlings of the Marquis of Wor cester's Inventions," with a view to obtain the aid of Go vernment for their prosecution. Among many ingenious and some fantastic and preposterous devices, we have the following fire water-work, "An admirable and most forcible way to drive up water by fire; not by drawing or sucking it upwards, for that must be, as the philosopher calleth it, infra sphaerain activitatis,' which is but at such a distance, but t , is way bath no bounder if the vessel be strong enough ; for I have taken a piece of whole cannon, whereof the end was burst, and filled it three-quarters full of water, stoppingand screwing up the o p en en d , as also the touch-hole, and making a constant fire under it; within 24 hours it burst, and made a great crack, so that having a way- to make, my vessels so that they are strengthened by the force within them, and the one to fill after the other, I have seen the water run like a constant fountain stream, 40 feet high. One vessel of water rarefied by fire driveth up 40 of cold water, and a man that tends the work has but to turn two cocks that one vessel of 'water being consumed another begins to force and refill with cold water, and so succes sively ; the fire being tended and kept constant:which the self same person may likewise abundantly perform in the interim between the necessity of turning the said cocks." This is the first feasible scheme for raising water by steam power that history records; and it is in that application that the modern steam engine had its origin Previous projectors had in no way improved upon the expedients de scribed by Hero, and indeed in by far the majority of cases the movement had been retrograde; but in the Marquis of Worcester's contrivance we have an engine of respectable efficacy applied to a weighty purpose, and from his time the progress on has never been interrupted, but improvement has followed upon improvement, until the steam-engine has become what we now find it. It is idle to say that the Marquis of Worcester's project was only a reproduction of that of De Caus. The instrument of De Cans was a there toy, not intended, and certainly not adapted, for any pur - pose of practical utility, whereas the Marquis of Worcester enumerates many important practical uses to which his engine might be applied, and many it certain y would have been perfectly competent to compass. In another part of his " Century" he says that his water -work "is by many years' experience and labour so advantageously by me con trived, that a child's force bringeth up a. , hundred foot high an incredible quantity of water, even two foot diameter, so naturally, that the work will not be heat d into the next room, and with so great ease and geometrical symmetry, though it work day and night from one end of the year to the other, it will not require 40s. reparation to the whole engine, nor hinder one day's work, and not only with little charge to drain all sorts of mines, and furnish cities with water though never so high seared, as well as to keep them sweet, running through several streets, and so performing the work of scavengers, as well as furnishing the inhabi tants with sufficient water for their private occasions." It appears very clear from these descriptions that the Marquis of Worcester not only had succeeded in making a powerful and effective engine, but had arrived at a very just conception of the important ends such a machine may be made to fulfil. None of the contrivances before .his time were provided with means to make their action continuous; and the instrument of De Caus, so far from being adapted to raise water from a mine, or for the supply of towns, had merely the power of emptying itself of the boiling water with which it was filled. Indeed, it appears undeniable that the Marquis of Worcester was the first person, so far as our present knowledge extends, by whom " a water commanding engine" of any power or utility was constructed ; and he seems to have brought his contrivance to nearly all the perfection of which that species of engine is susceptible. There is no evidence that he made use of the atmospheric pressure as an aid to the final effect ; but he seems perfectly conscious of the applicability of that agency, and indeed speaks as if such an application was very well understood in his time. We are not aware that there is any drawing extant of this machine; and the various hypotheticil delinea tions of it that we have seen err, we think, in representing it as provided with only one boiler, for there could not in this kind of engine have b een any feed-pump, and in the absence of that instrument two boilers must have been in dispensable to make the action of the engine continuous. Besides, the description says that "one vessel of water being consumed another begins to force, and refill with cold water," which we take to mean that when the water of one boiler was evaporated it was filled up with cold water, and the other was in the meanwhile put into operation, the water in tho boiler last filled having again become hot be fore that in the other was exhausted. One of these engines appears to have been set up to draw water out of the Thames at Vauxhall ; and is thus spoken of by Cosine de Medici, who inspected in 1653. "It raises water more than 40 geo metrical feet by the power of man only, and in a very short 'space of time will draw up four vessels of water through a tube or channel not more than a span in width, on which account it is considered to be of greater service to the pub lic than the other machine near Somerset House," which last was one driven by two horses. We should be disposed to infer from this account, that the principle of the *tunes pheric pressure was employed in this engine, for it is diffi cult to see by what power ither than suction the necessary rapidity of motion could be given to the water in the pipe le iding fr m the river to the engine, and which would ap pear to be smaller than the pipes applied in other cases. It is impossible to enter into any detail of the contents of this elaborate work. In fact to do so would require a small volume of itself, which would be to this work like the tendeu to a line of battle ship—but the extracts we have given will furnish an idea of some portion of it to the general reader, and to engineers Mr. Bourne's name ought to be a suffi cient guarantee for the value of its contents. Tne work itself, which extends over upwards of 400 quarto pages, is succeeded by an Appendix, in wh:cli are— Weights and Measures—Hyperbolic Logarithms— Elas ticity, Volume, and Temperature of Steam —Cirouto ferences and Areas of Circles—Squares and Cubes, and Square and Cube Roots—Fourth and Fifth Powers of Numbers— Pressuies required to punch Iron Plates—Specific Gravities —Weight of Plate Iron, Round Shafts, Lead Pipe, Angle Iron, and Hoop Iron—Weight of Square and Round Iron, Sheet Iron, Brass, and Copper, and Cast Plates—Weight of Cast Iron Pipes, Flat Iron, Copper Pipes, and compa rative Weights of Metal —Lengths of Iron required for Anglo Iron Hoops—Weight of Flat Steel—Heights of equivalent Columns of Mercury and Water—Strength of Boiler—Report on American Goods" Locomotive Engines— Specification of English Locomotives—Specification of a Scotch Locomotive—Specification of an American Locomo tive—Statistics of Railways—Specification of a Dredging Machine—Report of Mr. Field on Simpson's Double 'Cylinder Engines—and Faraday on the Conservation of Force. The'work is illustrated by thirty-seven beautifully executed plates of various engines, and five hun dred and forty-six woodcuti, (we have not counted the woodcuts, but take the publisher's word for, it ), and the author deserves as much credit for the clear way in which all details are explained, as for the deep research and determined energy that he has displayed in giving so complete a treatise on the steam engine as the one before us. Sketches in North America. By H. Reid. Long man. IThe Americans cannot complain that Mr. Reid does not give them fair play; he shows both sides of the picture, and if his censures are severe, his praise is extreme, not that he carries either beyond bounds. On first opening the volume one would suppose that Mr. Reid was almost as much a Yankee as Mr. Roebuck is an Austrian, but as the readers advances he finds that Brother Jonathan has his faults, and that the author knows it. The first chapter is devoted to a description of the coun try and the character and habits of the people. The first example which Mr. Reid had of the energy of the American people was at Eastport, where a variety of goods had to be put on shore from a steamboat. He was surprised to see every body trying to do his work faster than his neigh bour; porters running with heavy loads, seamen rolling barrows, no walking, all leaping and rushing as if their very existence depended on their dis patch. He speaks very highly of the general character of the Americans as individuals, and considers that too much has been said about spitting, and talking through the nose. He admires their railway carriages and many other institutions, but condemns, in no measured terms, the spirit of Rowdysiin which prevails in all the principal towns, and particularly New York where it might justly be supposed that the authorities would possess most power. He considers this to be a greater curse to the country than slavery, for the one must naturally die out, while he thinks that the spirit of insubordination is a special characteristic of the American, and that to this all the failings in the American constitution are to be attributed, for, says Mr. Reid, from the highest to 'the lowest, a feeling of resistance to any autho rity is exhibited by the entire community; thus the magistrates, jud ges, an d even the Senate, are set at defia nce, and the various Row d y soc i et i es such as the Pl ug U glier, Rep Rape, and Black Snakes, walk the streets in bands in broad day light, commit depredations, and even murder with impunity. For fear that be may be thought to exaggerate, the author makes frequent extracts from leading American journals, and, as he says, lets the Yankees speak for themselves: The American Senate to which Mr. Reid devotes some eighty pages is clev er ly d escr ib e d and many amusing anecdotes of the free-and-easy way in which an independent nation can transact business are furnished. We give the following as a specimen : THE LADIES IN THE HOUSE. " The Avenue presented a very gay and animated scene, from the number of beautifully-dressed ladies, who, even then, with two hours before them, showed th e i r anxiety not to be behind time, " At this moment the doorkeepers are expelling gentle men from the ladies' galleries, and the greatest excitement prevails—as, whenever one of the lords shows fight, the ladies come to the assistance of the doorkeepers, and; as many hands make light work, of course the refractory dig appears amid the tumultuous uproar of the galleries. The pages below are reaping a harvest from fallen jewellery. One shower, to the right of the Speaker's chair, called forth a regular scramble among the crowds who were pertimbu• lating the Chamber, and some funn_y were the result. Very few members have as yet taken their their seats. They stand in groups on the right and left. There is a general eluotlig across move below, and a few favoured ladies are falls and tumbles over - (in the body of the House), like birds skimminglover a lake) to a point where seats have been placed- for them. The , gentlemen who are not entitled to seats upon the floor are slowly retiring before the officers, and something like order is beginning to appear from the late chaos. "The gavel strikes, and silence is restored, as the chap. lain takes his stand. Rev. Mr. Kennard, in the eourse of his prayer, implored the Almighty to come to the deliver ance of the cohntry from its present excitement and danger, and to renew the bond of confidence which formerly existed as to our confederacy. "It is a few minutes to one o'clock, and the greatest con fusion prevails. Half-a-dozen members from the Demo cratic benches are up afonce, in fearful excitement; speak diziisog to questions of order, an d crea ti ng the most dreadful rder. of the motion is before th e H ouse f or the exclusion " un privileged f rom th e floor. Mr. John Cochrane, as a question of 'high privilege,' mpves that the ladie s on the floor be excepted. While this questio to n is the yet sex ended,und M r . S m ith , o f Vi rginia, in gra , titude is r a e l s f s i m errY munber of whi c h, it i s sa id , sent him the famous g l ass of egg nogg, is busy providing g cnircle of them n ow sea t e d on t h e of upon the door- Rpublican side of the Lous e , b ut an ample skirt here an d there at the doors, and a half. do zen faces glowing bright i n skeeaetpse for r. ch There as are s p h the background, gve note of the anxiou s crowd who are yet unprovided for, and Mr; Ashmore, making g himself heard above the din that reigns around, cads upon the Clerk to enforce the orders of the house. Is this,' he a s k s , a dignified b o dy— a res pectable b o dy o f men ? No, M r . Clerk, we are a mo b— no thing bat a mob.' A hearty Con firmatory response is giyen from the galleries all round.. ' If you i , ltend to enforce the orders of the house i n part, say so ; but if you extend the same courtesy to all the ladies alike, throw open the doors, and give seats to the wives and daughters of those members who are yet ex cluded. (Cries of ' Good, good,' from the galleries.') "Mr. Olin (Rep.), of N. Y., reminded gentlemen that we have no rules. " Mr. Smith, of Va., replied—We have the parliamen ry law._ "After a debate the floor was cleared of the ladies, turd many unprivileged persons of the other sex, and the House decided to proceed to a ballot." Mr. Reid deals very fairly with the slavery ques tion, and gives some sensible arguments, showing that it is quite natural for the Southerners to consider slavery an institution of the country. The description of the different races to bo met with in North America will be very entertaining to all ethnologists. It is impossible for anybody to write about America without devoting some space to one of their principal institutions—Woman .; And our author makes some remarks upon tl.l O subject, and justly praises the practice of giving to women a high-class of education, and establish ing Female Medical Colleges ; but at the same time he remarks that American women are too formal, and carry themselves with a hauteur as if they were entitled to homage without giving any thing in return. Taken t•As a whole, this little book gives a very fair aid impartial sketth of America and Americans, whether in the States or in our own colonies ; and now that everybody is anxiously looking to the far West, it will afford much inte• resting information, and to a certain extent ex plain some incongruities in American character. THE HARVEST IN FRANCE. The scanty harvest and its possible consequences begi n to pre-occupy the public mind considerably, especially as the abolition of the sliding scale comes this year for the first time into action. All opinions agree that, as regards quantity, the wheat harvest is considerably below the average; indeed, that it has been the scantiest known for the last 25 years, and wi'A fall short even of 1846 and 1856. An additional disadvrai tage seems to be that, contrary to other years, very little remains of the growth of last year, the softness of the wheat of 18E0 having obliged speculators to hasten its sale. As for the quality, it is thought decidedly above the average, which may, up to a certain p int, make up for the quantity, But, in spite of this, it is calculated that the defleit will ap proach one-fourth, or even one-third, below the average. As for the other cereal crops, with the exception of Indian corn, which forms : as in Italy, the chief food of the southern population of France, they have been tolerably successful— a circumstance which is likewise calculated to compensate in part for the failure of wheat. such being the position, the corn. dealers try to make 'ihe most of it ; they are holding meetings, presenting the 7.nost unsatisfactory statistics, and are working on public imagina tim in order to have a pretext for their speculations. They have been tolerably successful hitherto, and that from a simple reason. Most of the people still retain their old idea, and have not yet . learnt by experience the e ff ec t s o f free trade in bread-stuff or anything else. Even those who advocate free trade policy are so hampered by old notions that they can scarcely take a free and unprejudiced view of their situation. Instead of taking the simple, common-sense view, that the real loss is in the labour which has been thrown away or unsatisfactorily repaid by the scanty crops, they are haunted by spectres of dear bread, and are tormented by the idea that so much numeraire (ready money) must go abroad for the purchase of foreign grain. As ,you see, they are in full protection atmosphere as y, , t, and are thus playing into the hands of speculators, who are not slow in availing themselves of this auxiliary. It is only the expe rience of years which can uproot the old prejudice that it is Government which must take the matter in hand, and; by preventing exportation of grain and fixing the price of bread, protect the helpless masses against the rapacity and ill-faith of speculators. 'lt is surprising that nothing has been learnt by what has passed during the la t 15 years on the other side of the Channel—nay, what has been passing for the last few weeks. England, which has scarcely recovered from her bad harvest of last year, hr's been exporting considerable quantities of wheat to France, ~ vnere the prices o9ered were more remunerative than they were at home, knowing very well that there aro plerity of people and countries only waiting for an opportunity of sending her their own surplus. Instead, therefore, of sounding alarm, and speculating on the data of the past, it would be far more advantageous to consider the subject from . the new point which the abolition of tbo sliding scale and the increased facilities of transport give, and to suggest measures which are calculated to facilitate the working of the new system. As regards the first, it is a question Oidemand and sup ply, which, with an article so abundant as grain, wil always find their true level. In this respect the alarmists are doing good without knowing it, for by their means the world knows that there is a demand ; but even before the cry was raised considerable importations began from abroad, _where grain was bought in many instances at half the price it now commands in France. Under the old sliding scale, with the uncertainty which prevailed up to the end of the yeas, this opportunity of buying cheap would have been lost. Besides, there are immense facilities for impor tation now in the rapidity and cheapness of the means of transport all through France. Both the time and oust of transport from the coast towns to the heart of tho country have been reduced by the introduction of railways to one fourth, if not less, of what they were before. The only danger lies in fearinga danger ; and the remedy against this is in the greatest possible publicity of the market transactions, as well as of exportations and importations. The vintage, which is now all but over, is more satisfac tory than might have been expected. The quantity, although not abundant, is far greater than anticipated, and the quality first-rate. You have an idea at home that good French wines have either vanished or have become exceed ingly rare ; here it is the reverse; while good wines have scarcely varied in price for years, common wines have doubled within the last few years. - - - - THE PRICE OF GOLD The quotation of gold at Paris is about 4 per mille prem., and the short exchange on London is 25.40 per £1 sterling. On comparing these rates with the English Mint price of £3 17s. 100. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold is about 5-10ths per cent, dearer in London than in Paris. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 4294 per mark, and the short exchange on London is 13.81 per £1 sterling. Standard gold at the English Mint price is, therefore, about 5-10ths per cent dearer in London than in Hamburg. A strange crime was committed a few nights back in the neighbourhood of Frankfort. A person named Wilvonseder, steward of the Prince of Senftenberg, arrived i n a g ig, accompanied by two other persons, at the octroi office of the village of Rehberg, and found the gate closed. It was some time before the octroi man, whose name is Hautschek, presented himself, and Willvonseder reproached him for his delay. "Ah 1" cried the man, " you are tired of waiting, are you ? Well, then, you shall wait longer ?" and he closed the g , ttl which he had opened, and retired to the office. Willvonseder called to him several times, but he returned no answer. and at length the former, getting out of his gig, went to the office and summoned him to open the gate. " You insist on its being opened, do you? Take that l" said the octroi man, and he plunged a large knife into Willvonseder's breast. The latter staggered a few steps and fell dead. The murderer was immediately after arrested. A deplorable affair has occurred in the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine. A married couple carrying on the trade of butchers at No. 164 in that street had frequent quarrels, owing to the man for some reason having for bidden his wife to visit her family, and to her disregarding his prohibition. On Monday evening the wife taking ad vantage of the man's absence, went to see her sister. After a while, he arrived, and bitterly reproached his wife for disobeying his orders; but by the intervention of his sister in-law and her husband, who were present, he became calm, and promised to live on, better terms with his wit'. As, however, the woman feared that the man would commi some act of violence, she begged her sister o p m a n a y k i her ne home, and pass the night in her room, the butcherel no objection. The man and wife retire d to rest to g ether, and the woman's sister slept on a ma ttress behind their be d. About four o'clock in the ramming, the man as usual got ,up to attend to his business , and went out. The two women, who had been awakene d b y his movements, ta shortly after fell asleep. About two hours later the sister was awakened butcher's wife cry out " Help I he is mur ad aytrriah hearing abdomen, a e dnirnesengo:tchleanepeortsheonsr lauearp and jumping up, to her horror, she perceived t h e ma n stabbing his wife with a large knife. He then en v cries ey s tered an adjacent room, and inflicted a deep stab on his own stathires,haenacrthe The en woman'swrt a c conveys to the hospital, whilst medical assistance was procured for he wife. The wounds of both, however, are so grave that uo hope is eAtort4lod of saving ce of by e, 1- all 1 100 121 68i i 125 3} 7& 8 95