The Sun. — London, England, 1827-06-04 00:00:00

that the negotiations carried on at Paris and Lon don, kir did purpose of converting the Protocol of .April, 1826, into a treaty between Russia, France, and-England, are on the point of being successfully brought to a close. We hope to be able in a few days to lay the treaty itself before our readers.' - Every friend of humanity will hail with joy such a publication, on which we heartily congratulate the three Governments. We understand that Austria' and Prussia will also sign the above treaty, and that' Bulow, the Prussian Minister, is recently ar-! rived in this country for that purpose.—/biii. In advocating the cause of liberty in the most extensive sense of the word, to the professors of all religions whatever, we proceed upon a prin ciple which leaves entirely out of consideration the merits or demerits of the particular religious system's. The Yorkshireman, with a long beard, wb.D applied to the Recorder of London on 'Thursday last for a license, is not a Minister ex actly to our taste ; but he may be, to the taste of others, and just as much entitled to gratify theirs as we are to gratify ours. There are some fellows with long beards professing to be disciples of Jo hanna Southcote, who bold forth regularly in Smithfield ; and they have their followers, some perhaps sincere, others conceiving probably that they appear to greater advantage with a long beard than shaven. Who would give import ance to these people by imposing restraints on them ? If Ratters will only select their stations, so that we shall not, in our habitations, be dis turbed by the din they make, nor have our thoroughfares blocked up—let them rant on— if a Catholic chooses to believe that his Priest, in his capacity of exorcist, can drive the Devil about as a boy drives his top, or that he is likely to be benefited under any ailment by rubbing the part affected with a fragment of the breeches worn by St. Anthony, or smelling one of his toe nails,, let him be indul_g,Zi in his wish by all means. Power can only make a sect dangerous ; and there is not, 'perhaps, a single religious sect, which, if PoP;sessed of power, could not' perse cute. Tile Unitarians are as little disposed to Perser.nte as any sect ; but a late persecution at Geneva has shown that the Unitarians, when in power, can abuse it as well as others. We allude to the persecution of the Momiers, or Calvinists, under the old pretext of the necessity for pre serving tranquillity, and the banishment of the Clergyman. We observe from the Potteries Gazette that one of the manufacturers, a strict Calvinist, a Mr. Ridgway, though a great stickler for liberty, on being made a constable, instantly set to work to compel all his neighbours to take his habits as their model—the consequence of which was universal outcry. We should be sorry to trust him with more extensive power.— We would, in. fact, give power to no sect; and put the law into such a state, that no sect should ever be able to avail themselves of it for purposes of persecution, and then say do your worst. The opposition of the different sects forms even the best security for universal liberty ; for it is the union of political power with religion which can alone make it mischievous; and when a whole community is of one religion, there is always a danger lest theT'Priests succeed in inducing those who make the laws to fall into the snare of framing laws calculated to promote the interests of Priests at the expence of those of the people. In the Times:of Friday reference is made to the communications of its correspondent from Por tugal, and the writer observes : " What a picture—how monstrous and hew true a pic ture has been delineated throughout our last extract, and the present, of a people wallowing in the mire of beastly superstition, and trampled under the bloated feet of its vi cious and dem; icable Ministers ! The correspondence which we inserted a day or two ago furnished some illustrations the degree to which the national intellect of Portugal has been perverted—if not annihilated—by its habitual sub jection to the Priesthood ; and in this day's letter we per eeive a description of the infernal machinery by which that overthrow of the mind of a whole people has been from age to age prolonged. Such area the consequences, such the characteristics of a perennial despotism in Church and Ci vil Government, where each tyrant clings for support to its guilty colleague, force arming her officers to repress all independent action, and fraud preparing her disciples to abandon the privilege of thought." Now this statement of the debasing effect of Catholicism in Portugal does not in the least affect our position. We have always, between Catholics and Catholicism, readily admitted the noxious influence of Catholicism in every country, where abetted by the Civil power. The Jour nals of Ireland, devoted to the Catholics (for candour is hardly to be expected from partizans) will not grapple with the question on its real merits, but have recourse , to some subterfuge. Thus, for instance, the Dublin Morning Re gister of Wednesday last inserts the following passage from an article in the Times : " That the Romish creed is tainted by a variety of su perstitions, must be the opinion of every man who sincerely professes the doctrines of the Church of England; and every Protestant who feels sincerely attached to his com munion, for its connexion with the spirit of civil liberty as well as for its conformity with the Gospel truth, is doubt less flied and strengthened in his devotion to it by a strong • dislike to the Church Government of the Roman Catholics, as an instrument for gradually subjugating the reason of the Layman to the arbitrary will of his Priest, and thus forming, by a natural though circuitous process, the ground work of an influence whick, even in things temporal, must tend to establish between the confessor and his penitent the relations of superior and subject." And then remarks, " If we were disposed to indulge in' the least animadversion upon the above, it would only be to the extent of suggest ing that the writer must mistake the religious faith of the individual who believes that the Rornish Creed is tainted by a variety of super, stitions.' That there are many such persons there cannot be the least doubt ; but amongst the tribe there cannot be one who 'sincerely professes the doctrine of the Church of England' —that is, who cordially and entirely , subscribes to the thirty-nine Articles."—Now this is mere cavilling. Though The Times used the word creed in the outset of the passage, yet from the subsequent expression Church Government of the Roman Catholics,' it is quite clear that Roman Catholicism was _the subject of the remark, and not the mere creed of the Catho lic Religion, and that admirably-contrived system for enchaining the mind which the Ca tholic Hierarchy has always endeavoured to en force, where not restrained by the civil authority, are perfectly distinct.—ln a work just pub lished here, under the title of Catholicism in Austria, by Count Ferdinand Dal Pozzo, late Maitre des Requetes, and First President of the Imperial. Court of Genoa, it is well observed, that " If the Catholic Religion consisted only of its essential tenets, there would be no reason for fearing that it 'would exercise a pernicious influence in civil society.—lt is absurd to sup pose, that belief in transubstantiation, image worship, the Mass, &c., could injure any Go vernment, or any public liberties whatsoever. .... But seeing that an infinity of superstitions, both old and new, are prevailing in different Catholic Countries, although not the e in ev er y one ; t h at t h ey h ave b een intro duced or favOured chiefly by Monks, who are regarded as the most of Rome ; th at activenew.lan agents of the Courtlea are continuallydevise' d objects of devotion • at n ew ' ' miracles are frequently F 9o auned.; t ii4culous customs are revived _and _ every were disseminated ; that the credulity and ignoranee ofthe people are converted into a source of profit ; and finally, that great efforts arc made . to keep up this igno- • rance and credulity, by opposing the diffusion of sound and useful knowledge, and the best modes of this diffusion—they fear not merely the full re vival of a few doctrinal points; regarded by them as superstitious, but the accumulation of those superstitious habits which, though not essentially inherent in Catholicism, are yet" constantly seen to be attached to that worship, wherever the civil authority neglects to prevent or 'extirpate them." It will readily be allowed by every Ca tholic that the Pope Ought to have a spiritual influence throughout the Catholic Church. Dif ferences exist respecting the extent of that in fluence, but all allow that it ought to be very great in all matters regarding discipline. Now, &the influence of the Court of Rome has been uniformly exerted to debase the human mind, and to promote 'superstition, - this: shows that, though the creed'Of - the Catholics may be as good as any other creed, yet that Catholicism, taken as a system, is . of a noxiOus . tendency. As an illustration of the' necessity under which the most enlightened a the Catholic clergy feel themselves of promoting the most debasing su perstitions, in countries in which the law abets the Church, we may instance the celebrated Mu ratori, to whom literature is far more indebted than to any Protestant clergyman, and in many of whose disquisitions it is difficult to determine whether we ought most, to admire the depth of research or soundness of judgment. But Mura tori was a Jesuit, as - well as librarian to the Duke of Modena, and in his former capacity felt him self bound to promote superstition. We have now before us a pretty thick volume, entitled " Spiritual Exercises," published by that great man in 1757, in which we find him labouring; in the way of his calling, to keep up in the lower orders all the most debasing superstitions. We presume it will readily be alloWed that there can hardly be . a grosser delusion than in the case of one of the persons said to be possessed . with devils, for the priest to make his Satanic' Majesty keep up a regular conversation with him in his capacity of exorcist. Now, let us hea - i• the great Muratori on this subject : " A - skilful exorcist in Rome was .conjurin g the devil out of a pos sessed person, when it came into_ his head that that spirit Might be able to, give some good advice to the bysfanders : he interrogated him where he was then answered, in hell. And how long, ad ded the priest; hast thou to remain there ? The evil one hesitated for a while to answei;" but overcome by the command, he at length broke out with a voice denoting the most intense agony, in these words ; For ever, for ever ! foaming at the mouth, and striking the ground every time with his heels with incredible fury. — He merely pronounced these words, but with such enekgy, that it was 'obvious that he who was speaking of eternity well knew, from experience, what it was. There were there pre sent; froni curiosity, a great number of gentlemen (c,avalieri),' and other people; and such fear took possession. of all of them, that they all re mained speechless. Suffice it to say, that many hnrried off immediately to make a general con fession, and some were notably improved in their lives, influenced by that grand sermon, delivered to them by the Devil, in the single expression for ever." Muratori, in other respects,• was a very worthy man ; and so, in many respects, we dare to say, is Doctor Doyle, and many of the Clergymen, who felt themselves bound, in the way of their trade, to aidlin the deception of the Hohen/Ohe miracles. Before we can pronounce respecting any man, *e ought to consider the circumstances in which he is placed. We merely adduce the instances, to_prove the corrupting in fluence of - the system. Count Dal' Pozzd urges the expediency of placing Catholicism under the restraints which have made it harmless in Aus tria. He seems to think that the coercion of the civil power is alone adequate to strip Catl - - licism of its noxious qualities." I shall commence by observing," he says, " than the state of know ledge alone is -no security against the invasions of superstitions, and of the extravagant pretensions of the Clergy; for the effect of knowledge is slow and feeble, - nor does it act upon the great bulk of the population. Besides, interest and power but too often succeed in making it retrograde: will cite, for instauce,France and some parts of Italy, countries In 'which all the sciences,. literature, 'and the arts are about the same level as in Eng land, but which, notwithstanding, have been, within a few years (the Austrian territories ek• cepted), placed under a species of Monkish yoke. But the Austrian' dominions fiinfish another singular observation, viz.—that the power of the Government, seconded byra small degree of knowledge, or by knowledge less dif fused, has obtained such a result as the great diffusion of knoWledge . has not elsewhere pro duced—that is, a pure, innocent, unobtrusive 'Catholicism—a Catholicism which, instead of opposing the Government, is a support both to it and to _civii.society at large ; and this Austria ,has accomplished by . mild and reasonable means ; that is to, say, by wise laws." Without under valuing the Austrian system, it is obvious that many things may be done in Austria which can not easily be done in this kingdom. But would Catholicism . •be either more powerful or more debasing after the repeal of the Penal Laws than ibefOre ? There is, perhaps, as great a mass of (fanatical abSurdity in Protestant England, which 'is, 'notwithstanding, 'perfectly harmless, as can ;well exist in any Catholic country. The love 7easts of the Methodists are at least as__de7 grading as the flagellations of the Catholics: ;the ravings of the Ranters, Southcoteans, 'with a long list of etceteras, indicate a com plete prostration of the understanding. But 'the division of Sects secures us against the possibility of 4ny one ever obtaining so much 'power as to be able to persecute. Reason and 'folly, therefore, can look each other in the 'face in England without fear. A little hy pocrisy may occasionally be the result, for in a neigh bourhood where any religious body prevails, a eun ining Statesman will see the advantage of being on ' good terms with them ; but that is the extent of the ?mischief. We have said tliat the evil in Catho 4icism is the connection of the Clergy with a fo- feign Court, bent on encouraging the debasement of !the people. But it is clear that the persecution of any religious body has a necessary tendency to ce ment the union between Priest and People, and consequently to increase the influence of the Priest. The improvement' of religious bodies seldom com mences with the Priests, but the improvement of !the Laity necessarily improves the Priests. Thus, !for instance, in many parts of Germany, the liberal :feeling of the Laity, produced by habits of intimacy ?with the people of other religions, has more or less !communicated itself to the Clergy. When the imemory of Luther was celebrated in Germany some I years ago, Catholics.and Protestants in all the towns equally took part in the proceedings, without anir madversion. We do not mean to say that Catholic ' Priests were found taking such a part ; but they saw the necessity of conniving at their flocks doing so. We see in like manner that in Silesia, where the!Go. • vernment is perfectly neutral, the Catholic flocks; in nutters of discipline, obey the Priesta only' when they - think •them in the tight. One-Tony . Serves , often as an antidote to another. Thus - in a country in which the most coniplete religious liberty is 'al lowed, there may probably be a good deal of fana ticisth and bigotry; but the very variety of forms under which they appear will lead men of good un derstandings to make comparisons, and will other , - wise Serve to strengthen their faculties; and thus, independently of the security from persecution, de riVed from infinite divisions, there will always be a number of men, from this sort of training, superior to the delusions of bigotry, who will be able to vin dicate with effect the rights of our species to men tal freedom. To those who say that we cannot guard against the arts of Catholic Priests in corrupt ing the understandings of the people, we say then we are in a hopeful condition indeed, for in that case we can only secure ourselves by ceasing to to lerate, and by-establishing a Protestant Inquisition.— But to those who place no reliance in the efficacy of persecution as a preservative, we say, to be con sistent, you. Must give the Catholics the same chance for extending their influence that you give to every other sect, for; if you rely not on the law for the repression of opinion, you have no other re source but to equal or beat them at the arts of per suasion. If the Catholics can persuade all-Protest ants tojoin them, the case of Protestants is hopeless indeed.—Morning Chronicle. The lo'ss of Mr. Hume's Bill, for preventing frivolous arrests, is another instance of the " spirit of improvement" which the Whigs have carried with them into the Administration. This Bill went to prevent arrests fordebt on mesne pro cess—a practice equally repugnant to reason and Christianity. It confounds the debtor with the criminal, whether he may have become insolvent by his own fault or his misfortune—and it also deprives a man of his freedom before any debt is actually ascertained and proved to be true. The law does not fix the debt until the, judgment ; but it allows the person of the defendant to be seized, and if he cannot get bail, to be dragged to prison, before the plaintiff has given any evi dence of the debt before the tribunal that is to pronounce the judgment.. Thus there is impri sonment first, and a hearing the case afterwards. But is this violation of the first principles of , justice attended with any practical advantage to the community at large ? Quite the reverse. It seems intended only for the special benefit of Sheriffs' officers, and the lowest harpies of the law. If the debtor has means, those persons Coon lessen them—if lie is poor, they make him , still more so—they prey upon distress, and crush poverty by exaction. A great proportion of those unfortunate people who are, thrown into prison, and utterly ruined, would have paid their debts in time, but being deprived of their liberty, and consequently of employment, they become inca pacitated from doing so for ever. Both the At torney and Solicitor General opposed Mr. Hume's Bill ; yet it was only the other night, when the Attorney-General made some very just and pithy remarks on the benefit that would accrue to society if the practice of arrest for small sums was abolished, he argued, as we have often done," that if the power of arrest was done away, the extensive and ruinous system of credit which tempts people beyond their means would be put down, and the income or wages which are now squandered in idle or dangerous gratifi cations, would be paid to the butcher, the .baker, the tailor, the draper, and other tradesmen, who supply the family with 'the necessaries and the conveniences of life. This was the just and ra tional view of the subject ; and we only wonder on what ground it is the Attorney-General,having once convinced himself of the truth of this prin ciple, should wish to limit it ; for surely . a too easy system of credit does as much mischief among people of moderate fortunes, as among those who work for their. daily bread. To make his principle truly effective, the power of arrest must - not depend upon the amount of the debt, but must be done away on mesne procesi alto gether ; and, indeed, for our own part; we think it of more harm than good in all civil cases, whether on mesne process or after final judgment. If a debtor has moveable pro perty, let it be attached, if he has landed property let it be available by process of law, in some way similar to the process by elegit, or statute-merchant, but let the person of every man, unless accused of something criminal, go free. The Bill of the Soli citor-General for, -prohibiting arrest in cases where the debt does not amount to 201. is an improvement, upon the list Act, which some time ago expired. We are glad to see any thing in the shape of-im provement, as we had rather see the human mind advance by ever so small-degrees than retrograde; 'but what sort of improvement is this ? The last Act prohibited arrest for debt under 15/.—the previous Act (which, on account of the expiration of the last, is the one now in force) prohibited arrest for debt under 101. Thus the Solicitor-General, acting scrupulously upon precedent, only -ventures to en-. large the sum by .5/., as for Mer Legislators had done. This is indeed admitting our argument in principle, •but cutting it up in practice. The Attorney-Gene ral, indeed, said he would not object to a Bill enlarg ing the sum below which no arrest could take place to 1001. Why then did he not bring in a Bill to that 'effect, instead of allowing the Solicitor-Generil to ,put the House to the trouble of enacting a measure which limits the debt to one-fifth of that amount? —The chief argument which the - Solicitor-General used against Mr. Hume's Bill was, that " if it were to pass into a law, creditors would have no means of recovering debts from persons, who had no visible - means of existence." Why this is the very argu ment in favour of it—because it is for this very reason that system of vicious and destructive credit ,would be broken down, which, on a former night the Attorney-General so strongly deprecated. Why :do tradespeople give credit to those who have "no visible means of existence ?" Is not this custom productive of the worst moral effects ? The Solici tor-General, from his practice at the Bar, ought to know that it is the fruitful cause of extensive dis tress, dissoluteness, and misery ? The Hon. and Learned Gentleman has the character of being a clever special pleader, hut it requires larger faculties of mind to comprehend the science .of legislation. — Morning Herald. We are happy to find that the speech on the 'Budget has been generally approved by all of ,our cotemporaries, whose approbation is praise. !Its tone is, indeed, 'so singularly moderate, its statements so perspicuous, and its anticipations for professions it has none—so subdued, that without that " strong delusion" of party, which can make men " believe a lie," it would be dif ficult, from its commencement to its termination, to find a position whereon to raise an argument against it. Some objections have, indeed, been hinted against the issue of Exchequer Bills ; but when the issue is to be so very limited—only about 12 per cent. in addition to the quantity al ready in the market—and when it is considered low much less injurious niiiSt he any temporary fluctuation in a small fund of 23 millions, than in a fund of such magnitude as the three per cents., in which a loan must have been made— we think that any 'theoretical objections to the issue of Exchequer Bills in general, will not, in this isolated case, be allowed to weigh much.—:. Somethinglas, also been-said on Mr. Canning's account of the advantages that have accrued from the " dead weight. We confess that we ;are . not qUite initiated into all the mysteries of the working °Nat plan ; but to understand its principle, _And to see the justice of the Right Hon. Chancellor of the Exchequer's induction, if we grant his -data . , does,not 'require much sa gacity; nor extent of observation. The 'dead weight-IS:neither more nor less than the convert ing of a large annuity for a small nUtriber . of years into a small annuity for a greater number of years. It acts on the ordinary mechanieal.p . rinciple—it gains in power, - .and loses in space. If we had continued on the old system, we must .have rais ed taxes to meet its demands. By going into the new, we Were .enabled to take off taxes,which must otherwise have remained on. Since the commencement of the new system,. says Mr. Canning,: those taxes- which we were in conse quence of adopting it, enabled to take off; have amounted to more, by 600,0001. than the charge consequent on the dead-weight hai..Webivethere fare, saved that 600,0001. by the - adoption of the deadweight. We confees we do not•see any thing contradictory or unintelligible in this. The ster ling merit of the speech; however, • we think, lies in its plain, manly, intelligible statements, in the ab sence of all that - can. produce despondency on the one side, :while the situation of our finances is bared with a firm but decisiVe hand; and in the Absence of all that can produce false confidence on the other, while the energies of the country, and the hopes of the country, are exhibited in faithful and full, but not aggravated, proportions. Mr. Canning talks of retrenchment, and, we believe, it is his wish; and the wish of every Member of the Cabinet, to carry retrenchment into every • department of Gover ment, where it can, with honour or safety, be carried. This must be a most gratifying assur ance to the great mass of the people of England, who have smaltinterest in Ministerial changes, ex cept in so far as they bear on their comforts. It is curious, however, to observe how even this expres sion of a wish to do what every one admits to be most desirable, is received by the advocates of the small party who oppose the government of the Right Hon. Gentleman. One of these Worthies tells the public gravely that the talk of retrenchment is merely meant to embarrass his successors; and that, as he must go out in a few months, he wishes to fill his quiver with weapons to hurl from the benches of the opposition against the next Ministers ! " The power of folly' an no friller go." A traveller in ancient Egypt is said, on seeing a mon key enshrined in a temple , to have exclaimed, "Oh, Jupiter, if such by the . Gads,. what are the worship pers.?" 'We may invert the exclamation, and, in re ference to the drivelling of such supporters, say, ‘4 If such be the worshippers what are the idols ?"—New OLD BAILEY, JtIN 2. OLD COURT. . , William Want,. aged 34, was conVi.cted of stealing a watch, value 41., from the dwelling-ho Use of Robert Favel, on the 28th alast April. Jobs White, aged 23, was convicted of stealing on the 17th of July last, two silver candlesticks; value 13/. 135., from the dwelling-house of- Lady ,Aun Elizabeth Douglass Scott, of No. 3, Chapel-street, Grosvenor-squate. Samuel Smith was indicted for stealing and Thomas Bailey for receiving a looking-glass, value _4/. from the dWelling house of George Daniels. A Verdict of Guilty was returned against both prisoners. LAW.INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF KING'S BENCH; Juwz 2. THE RING v. JOHN RADISDEN AND OTHERS. This 'was an indictment against John Ramoden, John Clark, William Smallwood, Robert Wilson, and. William Cook, an Attorney of this Court, for an alleged conspiracy to sue out a false and fraudulent joint commission of bank rupt against the defendants Hamden and Clark, in order to cheat and defraud the true and lawftil - creditors of the de fendant Ramsden. The prosecution was conducted at the instance of Mr. Joseph Hudson, a tobacconist, of Oxford-street, by the ATTORNEY-GENERAL, • Mr. GURNEY, Mr. Monrann, and Mr. BUSBY. The defence of Mr. Cook was conducted by Mr. DENMAN, Mr. BROUGHAM, and Mr. HUTPHIKSON and that of Ramsden by Mr. F. POLL OCR, and Mr. D. F. JoNes. The defendant Smallwood was acquitted before the case was opened, in order to make him a witness for the Crown.. The defendants Clark and Wilson did not ap pear by Counsel. The following is an outline of the case :—The defendant, Mr. John Ramsden, was a young man related to a highly respectable family in Yorkshire, his uncles being Sir C. Monk, Bart. and Sir W. B. Cooke, Bart. He had been in the army, and on coming of age was possessed of a con siderable sum, and after running a career of extravagance, became embarrassed in hia circumstances, and was thrown into gaol, where he remained from 1816 till 1826. Amongst other persons to whom he became indebted, was Mr. Hudson, the tobacconist, of Oxford-street, of whom he had purchased snuff-boxes, hookers, and snuff to the amount of about 7001. The uncles of Mr. Ramsden dis charged this debt by paying Mr. H. money to the amount of about 5001., and inducing him to take back some of the 'snuff boxes, Shortly after this, Mr. Itarnsden became again' indebted to Mr. Hudson, to the amount of about 9001., *for money lent, and snuff-boxes sold, and at the suit of the latter was detained in the Fleet Prison. In order to relieve himself from his difficulties, he formed a conuection with the defendant Clark, in the coal business, in Webber street, Blackfriars-road. The concern became insolvent, and the commission of bankruptcy in question was sued out under the following circumstances :—Mr. ihusisden being indebted, to the amount of about 150/., to Mr. Smallwood, an auctioneer, of King-street, Covent-Garden (Who had pur chased the debt at a sale), he applied to the latter in :April, 1826, to sue out a commission against him. Accordingly, Smallwood applied to :Mr. Cook, of 'Woodbridge-house, Clerkenwell, to sue out the Commission,. stating the'eir icumstances under which the debt due to him from Rams den was contracted, and representing the importance of relieving the young man by such means from his difficul ties. Mr. Cook, acting upon these instructions, and.hav ing in hand about 150/. belonging to Ramsden, undertook to work the commission. Mr. Smallwood swore, that: in this interview with Mr. Cook, the latter told him that he (Smallwood) would not be at any expence, as he had in his hands 1501. belonging to Mr. Ramsden, and that it would be a very good thing for the young man to extricate him from his hopeless difficulties; that as soon as he was libe rated, they (Mr. Smallwood and Mr. Cook) would go doWn into Yorkshire, receive the thanks of the young man's friends, and probably be very handsomely rewarded for their trouble. In suing out the Commission, it was not proved that Mr. Cook took any personal part in the trans action. The necessary steps were taken by his managing clerk, and, accordingly, the Commission was sued out on the petition of 'Smallwood jointly against Ramsden and Clark, upon a trading as,coal-dealers, and upon an Act of Bankruptcy by lying in prison. In the proceedings under the Commision, and in the advertisements in the London Gazette, Ramsden and Clark were described as coal-dealers and co-partners, late of Webber-street, Blackfriars, Hun gerford Wharf, and Bridgewater-square. The defendants Smallwood and Wilson were chosen assignees under the Commission. _ . The principal witnesses in support of the prosecution were, Mr. Hudson, Mr. Smalhvood (who had been ad mitted as an approver), and a man named Miles, who had formerly been in the service of Mr. Ramsden, and since been employed to collect evidence in support of this pro secution. It appeared on the cross-examination of Mr. Hudson, that Mr. Cook had brought an action against him in the Common Pleas for a libel, and upon making a public apo logy by his Counsel, Mm. Cook had consented to take a nominal verdict for one shilling damages. The costs of both sides amounted to 200/., which Mr. Hudson had to pay. Evidence was given to shew that the firm of Ramaden and Clark, coal-merchants and dealers, had never been known or heard of in Webber-street, Hungerford Wharf, or Bridgewater-square. Evidence was also given to.shew ' that a great number of the debts proved under the Com mission were purely fictitious. It was proved that Wilson, the assignee, was living in an obscure lodging at six shillings a week, including breakfast, and that he was a person in the most indigent circumstances. Real and bona fide debts—one from Ramsden to some of his relations, and others—were, however, proved under the Commission. From this circumstance, a guilty conspiracy to defraud the true and lawful creditors of Ramsden by a false and fraudu lent commission, was charged against the defendants. Mr. DENatals made a powerful defence for Mr. Cook. Mr. F. POLLOCK addressed the Jury at great length for Ramsden. A great number of most respectable witnesses gave Mr. Cook the highest possible character for honour and inte grity, during a period of fifty years. Among these wit nesses were the HON. Mr. Justice Holroyd, Mr. Espinasse, jun. Mr. Kaye, the late Solicitor to the. Bank of England, and many other most respectable persons. The Jury interposed, and said they were satisfied, before the Learned Judge summed up, when Lord TENTERDEN observed, that in such a case it would be more satisfactory that the verdict of the Jury should be the result of deliberation upon the whole case. Accordingly his Lordship summed up the case, and pointed the atten tion of the Jury to the charge as stated on the record, and the evidence produced against each defendant. The Jury retired, for about half an' hour, and at seven o'clock found ItarrAderiund Clark Guilty ; and Wilson and Conk Not Guilty., THE MURDERER, WILLIAM SHEEN. This man, who was acquitted on Friday, being then indicted for the murder of his son, who, it was proved, was of a different name from , the one in that indictment, and being fowl& not guilty on that account, is, it ap pears, reserved from his almost inevitable fate until next Sessions. The witnesses were all called into Court this morning, and were severally bound over to give evidence against him before the Grand Jury, at Hicks's. Hall, at the above-named Sessions. We are informed that he will then he indicted for the murder of the person whose name was proved yesterday, or for that of a person who will be de scribed by appearances. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL. —Emma Cooper, a modest looking young girl, was charged on Friday, in the Court-yard of the Old Bailey?, with wearing on her person a gown that had. been stolen, She was taken to the Compter, and after prevari cating in her answers, said if the officer would go to Mrs. Bryan, N0...2, Black Horse-court, Fleet-street, he would get another dress to replace that which he was about to take off the poor girl's back. Mrs. 'Bryan was not at home, but a Mrs. Jones claimed the prisoner as her lodger; and gave her an excellent character for honesty. She added, that she had advised the prisoner to buy for 18d. a pawn broker's ticket of the dress, and several other articles of a distressed person. The story did not seem very plausible, and Mr. Alderman Wood remanded the prisoner until a further search and inquiry could be made. FORGERY. —Henry Hilliard, represented to be a re spectable gold refiner in Clerkenwell, was brought up again for final examination on the charge of having attempted to Ass a forged bill of exchange, well knowing it to have been such. The bill purported to be drawn on the 7th of May, by Weston and Sons, on Harris and Co.; hankers, payable at two months after date, and was for 561. 12s. The depositions of the witnesses that had been taken on'a foimer day were,read over. The witnesses were Mr. Alcock, of Little Britain, to whom the prisoner endeavoured. to pass the bill in payment for 4 ounces of fine gold ; Mr. Weston, jun., who proved that the signature of the drawer was neither in the 'handwriting of his father nor brothers and the clerk of Messrs. Harris and Co., who deposed that the acceptance of their firm was a forgery. The Alderman fully committed the prisoner for trial, who made no defence, but certainly appeared respectable. It is supposed that the Bill was forged by a person of the name of Barton, who is not now to be found. FALSE Pak-maces DETECTED. —Harry Lambert was charged with - having obtained goods under false pretences, in 1825, from Mr. Potts, a cabinet-maker, to the amount of 143/. He disposed of the goods, and immediately de camped to France. Mr. Potts accidentally met him on Friday, and charged him with felony. Lest he should not make good this charge, he also issued a writ that night, and had the Sheriff's' Officers at the office next morning: The charge of felony failed, but Lambert, on being dis charged from it, was instantly walked off to a lock-up house. This sharp act excited considerable inters t. QUEEN-SQUARE.—On Saturday, Mr. Edward Treadway, who keeps a china-shop in Grosvenor-row, was charged with the murder of his wife. It appeared that, abeut•twelve o'clock on Friday night, a gentleman cabled upon Varley, a constable, at the watch house, and informed him of the death of Mrs. Treadway. Varley instantly hastened to the house, and there beheld the corpse of Mrs. Treadway,. surrounded by her husband (who appeared greatly affected at the circumstance), some medic:al gentlemen, and several females. Mr. Treadway at once admitted that he was the cause of his wife's death. He said that, whilst they were in bed together, she said something to him which displeased him, and he struck her in the side. She said, " You have hurt me very much," He struck her a second time, and she said, in a few minutes afterwards, "I am very ill." He added, that, being fear • ful he had injured his wife, he got out of bed and got some vinegar, but hie wife died instantly: This account was partly corroborated by several persons whom Mr.. Treadway had called in when the melancholy occurrence took place, - and they stated that the deceased and her husband had not lived happily together for many years. They had three children; one was six years old, and the other fifteen months. . The officer said that Mr. Treadway appeared greatly afflicted at the circumstance, - and when told hi must go `to the watch-house, he kissed his children, and said ho was sorry for what he had done. The prisoner was remanded until Tuesday. In the evening an inquest was held on the body, when the above facts were disclosed ; but as the Jury were not prepared to state the cause of the deceased's death until the body was opened, the inquest was adjourned. LAMBETH;STREET.—Ixvv SoLosross.—Mrs. So- lotions, the wife of Ikey, whose escape from the officers of Newgate has caused so much surprise, waited on . the Ma listratee, Messrs. WYATT and HARDWICK, to solicit their assistance, in recovering from a person, named Isaacs, who, though not a solicitor, undertook her husband's defence at this office, It considerable sum of money, which he had re ceived for his use, and which he now, though having no claim on it, either for services past, or _in prospective, re- . fused to deliver up. The circumstances out of which the application arose, were these :--When Solomons was taken into custody, at Islington, on examining his person, the officer found on him, • among a• variety of trinkets. and jewellery, 180/. in gold, three ten pound, and ten five ,pound Bank of England notes ; -these were detained for two :examinations, when it appearing, - beyond the limits of probability, that the gold, which consisted of sovereigns, could not be indentified, it was, by order of the Magis trates, and on Solonuins urging that he was unprovided with the means to carry on his defence, delivered to Isaacs, his agent, to be transmitted to him. The day after his final commitment to Newgate, haws pressed for the • restoration of the notes, and those also were restored; it was for the recovery of those that Mrs. Solomons now applied. Mr. Haanwxcx—Did your husband receive the sovereigns? Mrs. Solomons—He did, Sir ; but out of those you will perceive Isaccs has received 64/. odd, and now, in addition, detains the 80/. in notes. After my husband had got away, I called on him for the latter, but he refused peremptorily to give it to me, saying,. that his' wife had 40/., and he had the remainder - , and that I should not get a "skurrig " of it ; these were his very words. Mr. HARDWICK—He may detain it as secret service money, of which he does not consider himself called upon to give an account; however, with- this we have nothing to do; - the .money was paid by your husband's request to his accredited agent, and we cannot farther interfere—your only remedy is by action of trover. . An investigation, we understand, took place, at Guild hall, on Saturday, as to the escape, of Solomons. What its result is, we have not as yet been able to learn ; but we pre sume, it must have been favourable to the inculpated officers, as they still continue doing duty in Newgate. EXECUTION OF WILLIAM GILES, FOR Foacaus,-.—The last awful penalty of our laws was exe cuted on this unfortunate man on Monday, on the drop, then for the first time used, on the west side of our county gaol. It is constructed on the same principle as the drop in London and Lancaster : a hook is, fixed in the cross beam, and a similar one is attached to the point of the halter, so that the time occupied in tying the rope across the beam is altogether saved. For some time past Giles has been very attentive to his religious duties, and appeared to be quite prepared for the " great change" lie was destined to undergo. On Monday he received the holy sacrament, with the most profound devotion and Christian resignation to his impending fate; and the night previous to his exe eutiow he slept soundly for some time. About ten minutes before twelve o'clock, he was brought up,. pinioned, to the vast tower of wood erected in the situation we have before described; and after spending a few minutes in prayer, he was conducted to the upper platform, or drop, almost im mediately hooked up, and the platform sinking beneath his feet, he,was released from his suffering ! all motion having ceased in about three minutes. His remains were delivered to hie friends on the following day for interment. The evening preceding his execution Giles spent in the greatest quiet, and slept soundly..He mentioned on the mom- ing on awaking, that he bad drcaint,of the awful scene which was.shortly about to present itself, but talked of it with that calmness which indicated the most happy resig nation. • While in -chapel, and after he had partaken of the sacrament, he was asked by one who wit', present, if he Was happy, to which he answered, " I what, you as happy * Lam ; for I feel completely so." His approach to the place of execution was steady and firm; ,and the fortitude he . had - evinced ever since his hopeless fate was -made known-to him,- never for a moment forsook-Itim.4e.,Berk ,shire Chronicle. - . . -- I DOUBLE _ TOLLS. An extraordinary charge of assault was made the Magistrates of 'Stamford last Saturday at the town-hall, -and a counter-charge followed on 11 M o n' day.--Mr. Samuel Appleby, a London manufacturer of fancy articles, was about to pass over the bridge leading from .Stamford into 'St. Martin's in a sprig► cart, of the kind in common use by hawkers, Wb a female demanded fourpence for his passage, 1 " twopence .for .bridge-toll; and twopence for town" toll. ' Mr. A. demurred payment, unless a r eceir ticket were given him , which ; was refused, urgil too that he had repeatedly passed over the $ 1111 " bridge when no similar demand was made upon hi°„ and that his name and .residence were in full .1.11!:. before theside of his cart, forming,. a sufficient g uarant7 that lie was to be found at any 'subsequent peri m if the legality of, the claim could be established . "' The parley brought two other females and a ; ,unio t the assistance of the first demandant ; the traveller ! 0 collared by some of them, (the trial.will discl ose by whom,) and in the mere attempt to• extria l t B himself one of the females fell, when Mr. A. paid, e ": fourpence and passed on: A few hours afterw . 0 he applied for a warrant against . the park by whom he had been stopped, but was inf9ll'!...e that two of .them had sworn an assault against h w t ;i and that he must find bail to answer the .clainr. l4 the Sessions. There was no. alternative foe stranger--he found. the required security, and," o " o affair was supposed to rest for the present. 1 106 4 ,1 Monday morning; in consequence of informatio o ,o had received in the interval, Mr. A. made cornPla l v against' the third female and the man 'fovan ssga upon him, and they, too, were bound over for tri, —.How the affair will terminate remains now w it , time and an honest Jury or two; bat - of this tol; and bridge toll system we venture an opinion. passing: If it really be not—:as some susPect, o l highway robbery as unauthorized as . inyree 6r u.,,, in the Newgate . ealendar, it is an impost most - bitrarily and most partially collected. Mr. 1 1 0,„5" of Water-street; Mr. Rickett, of. Lolhani; f t , Whincup, of St. Martin's, and some other vrei! 4 _, o 4 individuals, • who have much commercial -,busm i p upon the road,. invariably refuse parlient , _Asi they. are not therefore. collared in their per'"'di or made to suffer in th e i r p u r se s—because 0 .7 1 would probably effect such a resistance as would !°,/ ever annul the claim. But with the poorer class Market people who bring their produce for the c°'" sumption of the town, the law, or rather the custo°l! takes its course. This is pitifully, cruelly unju st l ; and if any proof were. wanting that the toll is a 41 ,, arbitrary, it will be found in the fact, that iiviCe • 14 the very day of the above transaction a carriage e way constructed like Mr. Appleby's, passed t t bridge unnoticed,—and in the additional fact,. 0 ;1, Mr. A. passed over himself in his own cart on I‘l,.!ii, day, his horse treading as slowly as foot could Pied but of not a doit was he mulct under any also aft pretence. It is hoped the Corporation will u" j e t these things better." If the toll is their right , o r that right be defined, and, " without fee, favour , 11t affection," let them. enforce it; .but if it be, tio t l i if them cease to be extortioners. They are, hoped,. just in their own commercial transaetle and surely they must see the impropriety if I)° , t h ieli wickedness of sanctioning collectively that " 7 they would abhor individually. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS.. . . COUNTRY DIARY.—WEDNESDAT, Jeffs Baggott, R. Ledbury—Feathers, Ledbury ........... . ......... Bennett and Co., Kidderminster—White Hart, Hartler,„, Blake, C. and T. Rutherford, Shewing ''; Alorpeth ............................................. . ............ . 1 , Burt, J., Northover—George, Crewkerne .................••••'"~, Cooper, R., Ledbury—Feathers, Ledbury ......................... •11 Emsley, T., Great Horton—Sun, Bradford ... . . ... . . .... Harris, N., Shaftesbury—Grosvenor Arms, ShaftesburY Judgo, J. Temple Tysoe, Warwickshire—Warwick WarwiCk ......................................... s ............................ Lomax, J.,Hale owes—White Hart, Hartlebury ............. a Robinson, J., Liverpool—Angel, Liverpool ......................... II Shand, F., Liverpool—George, Liverpool— .................. . • .. Thomas; W., Ledbury—Feathers, Ledbury................."'" ABU' INSOLVENTS APPLYING TO BE DISCII vio Petitions to be heard at Portugal-street, Lincoln's D O ' Joni 9, AT NIN6. Adams, 'WI., Windmill-street, D., Bristol Tottenham-court-road Quin, W., Drury-lane Atkinson, R., Shadwell Salmon, J., Ramsay Ballarn, T., Fetter-lane Stunt, J. Sheerness Barker, W., Shelton Vivian, P., Croydon Blundell, J., Bethnal-green Watt, J., Ratcliffe Iforwood, J., Bristol Wells, W., BermosZ e p Kibble, T., Drury4ane Williams, 3., Lund Maddock, 4.; Whlteehapel COUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING LAST . WJPACK. j Wheat, Barley. Oats. Per Quarter. s. to s. s. to s. s. to a. Andover 54 56 34 41 30 34 •—• Carlisle 62 46 37 Hexham 56 68 38 49 32 36 54 56 35 37 25 30 Newcastle 51 64 38 40 28 39 r - r ; Ram 44 56 39 43 23 3 6 6. Sheffield 60 65 40 46 27 36 Winchester ty Per Bushel. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s„.`l ; Birmingham-- 70 '74 46 66 40 46 4 ~ 0 Coventry 70 76 52 58 52 6 6 A 6 1 ," Newcastle (Staff) 99 10 3 69 73 52 56 0 ; p Northallerton '7 8 3 Q 0 0 0 4 0 4 6 "„, 0 ,1 Penrith 00 82 0 0 55 51 0 0 o+i Stafford 90 09 00 00 60 66 10 " g W a rwick 78 60 50 56 50 59 ' g e W0rce5ter„........... 7 5 7 9 6 0 6 3 4 0 5 0 6 Per 8011. 0 N O Barnardeastle 14 0 16 6 0 0 10 6 7 6 10 6 0 .6 Darlington 13 9 15 0 10'0 0 0 6 0 9013 0 1: p Durharrt.,..—...... 13 0 159 10 6 00 80 86 I N 0 fie Stanhope 12 6 13 00 100 70 0 0 ": di u 0 0 —.-- Stockton 13 0 13 6 0 0 00'7 8 8 ‘," 0 " Wolsingham 13 6 16 611 0 0 0 8 6 9 6 " SCOTCH MARKETS. HADDINGTON CORN MARKET.—June 211. lo o jt We had a good supply of Wheat, the top price ig., 4 ot, t pQ and the average 9d. 9-12ths. A very small Barley Tl l ` . 4ityLok price the same as last day. Oats a considerable quai'.,e,l l '" price Is. up, but the average is Is. 7d. lower. Only Q.' Pease, the price of which, as well as Beans, is lower. l ied Wheat. Barley. Oats. Pease. os "Int 64s Od 46s Od 42s Od 50s Od bpsn . Second s9s Od 44s Od , 37s Od —s Od 5 0s Third There were 293 qrs. of Wheat in market, whereof 286 sold yli• 0 4 ...at 64s. Od MI ..at 6o.s. Od.l 10 ...at ****** 0 70 34 , 6l 0 44 5B 0 4 .... . ....... Unsold-7 Grey, DALKE The supply of all last week.'B prices. Wheat. ITH COR/ kinds of Gr. N MARK rain was go r.-3133, 31 I, and sold be s A .„110 od Ig6:11 SO' First 32s Od Second 3ls 0(1 Third Barley. Oats.' 33s Od 28s Od 3lts Od 215 Od 30s Od 21s Od Pease. 9.8 s 0. 1 2 , 5 s 0 ,1 25s Od MINING INTELLI GENCE. o il .0 quantity of Copper Ore sold at Redruth last Thursday 2, g Average Produce . 161,,;0 1, Quantity of line Copper 4Ol. r; Amount of Sale, 13,3171. 18$. Od.—A vera ge Standards + the lady ofbiy.,:eoliaif tf BIRTHS. 0 15 " This morning, Mrs. Fraser, of navies Inn, .f . b teri In Hatton-garden, Mrs. H. Wake fi eld, of a dae.,,g,,,, On the Ist inst. the lady of M. G, Da C o sts, ' Stoke Newington, of a son, I%lt. On the 110th ult., in Hunter-street, the lady ° h Wisthamanme,dria3s.:yn of daughter. j a mpoi e-stree t , - V• il l‘i° E s . i ., of a son. --- — . l. On Saturday, at St. John ' s, L i toheth, gel' T. Barrett, D.D., Mr. Henry George Stabi e° L b elbf ° Lambeth, to Amelia, daughter of the late 1 7' ".' ' Esq., of Cookham, Berks. of t 1 1 On the Ist inst., at Kimpton, Mr. T. Jont e i o denhall-street, to Sophia, fourth daughter , of cu 0 ( • d a d f A Bruton, Esq., of Terrence, Herts. t P —: lA r On the 12th of April, at Malta, David Ors ° 'f ttie ..,e that island, to Emma Maria, eldest daughter o f Nieolls Raynsford, Esti., of Brixworth-ball, J.' - tonshire. Pa/t4T410 said PuBLIIIPINTO TOVI 4OI iltiv-Orrica,--No.- 112, ' t±ii:2:"-------------------..—''.— re4el' DIED. of V. 5 , On Saturday, the 2 d in st., at her house is Irier, Baker-street, Elizabeth , widow of the late IL 11°- oat 0 aged 66. to On Saturday the 2d inst., at the house of bill 0 Leyton, Easel , John Francis Doxat, Esq., of Cilire' ' t aged 43. 4,91 CLOS oc At Cheltenham, on the 21st ult., age' "" - ',.-1 CO' youngest daughter of the late Lieutenant -Gen. G. 'O O ham, of the Madras Establishment. On the 2Sth ult., at Park Place, Edinburgbt th e 1 0 , old son of John Campbell , Esq . M.P. voila On the iith ult., at Edinburgb, Pringle rio n° youngest son of Mr. Alex. Douglas, W.S. -,. et °! '