The Sun. — London, England, 1861-12-09 00:00:00

CIVIL WAR IN' AMERICA. (From the Special Correspondent of the Timec.) WASHINGTON, Nov. 22. The American papers are full of arguments, in vsetives, and declamations concerning the seizure of the Confederate ambassadors—who have, I ob serve, become rebels since they were sent to Fort Warren—all to prove that it was and is EO clearly right and proper that not a word need be said to justify the act. "England cannot, dare not, will not, must not, ought not—take any notice of the matter." If she does, "we do not care ; we can, will, must, and ought to resist her to the last." But with all this use of the auxiliary verbs in words, there is very little real contentment or satisfaction felt in men's minds ; the share market at New York certainly does not evince confidence or security. " Capt. Wilkes," says one paper apropos of the IVall-street fever, "had no instructions to board an English ship for any purpose. He did so on his own responsibility. The Government have not as yet disavowed the act." No diplomatic comrsuni cation has taken place: Lord Lyons has no official knowledge of the matter. Ho has not opened his lips to any one connected with the Government or belonging to the United States respecting it; and the statements which have been made, ascribing conduct, and language, and bearing of all sorts to him, are the work of determined and incurable my thomaniacs. Messrs. Mason and Slidell, Messrs. Eustis and M.Farland, have addressed a kind of protest to the Government, and have also made certain representations with respect to their incar ceration ; but there has been no official announce ment or action of any so r t b e t ween t h e C a bi net of Washington and the representative of her Ma jesty near the person of the President regarding the question on which the minds and conversation of men turn all over the States. As public opinion in England will ha ve b een f u ll y teste d an d esta blished before this letter can reach the metropolis, it may be enough to observe that no authority has been added to the arguments and cases originally suggested in the American papers, and that the seizure of Mr. Laurens and of Lucien Bonaparte, and the destruction of the Caroline, do not bear upon the question, and can be taken only to illus t rate essential differences between the present arrest and the cases which are put forward as precedents. According to the arguments now used—and they ere furbished up from all quarters—it will hence forth be desirable to prevent any vessel sailing from France or England from carrying arms, despatches, or persons employed in the service of the United States. In violation of the queen's proclamation of neutrality, immense quantities of arms and muni tions of war have been contracted for and sent to New York and other ports ; " but," says the -Philadelphia Press, " the great principle is that no neutral can do any act in aid of either belligerent." The position of Lord Lyons is most difficult, but there need be no apprehension that he will fail to maintain the dignity of Great Britain in this re markable crisis. Mr. Seward, I believe, in speaking of the arrest, did not consider it at all necessary to allude to the mode in which the persons of Messrs. Slidell and Mason had been transferred to the custody of the Government, and the subject will doubtless be approached with due caution and re luctance by the State Department, but I have the best reason for thinking General M'Clellan not only disapproved the conduct of the naval officer who made the capture, but expressed his opinion that the boarding and seizure could not be justified. The intelligence has, indeed, been received with some thing like consternation by thinking and respect able politicians, and already there are men talking of an " ample apology " and feeble reference to the right of search which has been maintained by Eng land, and therefore cannot be, forsooth, objected to by her Government when it is piactised by the ves sels of a nation which has always refused to recog nise it. ' The division in the Cabinet in reference to the treatment of fugitive and captured slaves has now reached such a point that Secretary Cameron does not hesitate to lay down instructions to military commanders which are opposed by his colleagues. These differences were openly stated the other night at a quasi public and semi-official supper to Mr. Prentice—the Sydney Smith of American journa lists—whose paper, the Louisville Journal, has done good service to the Federal cause ; and when Mr. Cameron expressed his opinion that the negroes should be rendered serviceable by putting arms in their hands, Mr. Smith, Secretary for the Home Department, declared his colleague's sentiments were opposed to the policy of the Administration. It may well be that Mr. Lincoln is obliged to act with prudence in the face of the Democratic party, which, stricken down for a moment and stunned, has not only recovered life and activity, but is rapidly assuming all its ancient strength and pro portions. It is idle to pretend for a moment, in the light of the declarations of that party, that every guarantee will not be given to slavery if the North triumphs, so far as the influence of that party can secure it. At present the cry for the Union over powers the voices of the contending factions ; but if the South be subjugated there will be a renewed struggle over the prostrate body; one will seek to de stroy, and then to incorporate the carcass—the other by dainty treatment and caresses will endeavour tore store it to its former health and take it as a partner for life. If failure ensues, then will come the fierce recriminations of the disappointed, and there is every prospect that in the Congress which is so soon to meet the struggle will be commenced with great asperity. Upon the most important question which can arise—the very base of all adjustment— the Government of the United States has no fixed policy, and confines itself to vague generalities in order to please both parties, while its officers act on different principles in different States, and the Se cretary of War issues instructions to one General '" - ah are counteracted by the proceedings of another. General Hallock, the new commander of the Western troops, has issued orders that no fugitive slaves shall be allowed to enter the lines under any pretence. At Fortress Monroe they are cheerfully received. At Port Royal their presence is encou raged and their services freely used in the works. At Boston a mass meeting of Germans has approved Fremont's proclamation and policy, and others in different places have done the same. WEDNESDAY, Nov. 20. If any of the fathers of the Republic could have been awakened this fine morning and told to get up in order to see a review of some 56,000 men mus tered into the service of the United States in order to put down a gigantic rebellion with far greater evidences of strength, permanence, and unanimity than were displayed by the " C on ti nen t a l s " during heir early contest with part of the power of Great , Ilritai n, he would sure l y h ave d ou b ted the utility of his work, and have sighed in sadness of heart and sorrow a t the prospect of wit n e ss i ng a spec tacle whi c h afforded such pleasure and satisfa c tion to so many modern Americansdisplayof to-day. In one word, it was a could not have been satisfoaetmoriyirttaorya mpoilwitearrywchriitcihc adopting the stand ar d t European w an hi criticism in reference to standing a rm i es, viewedch, per se as a review of a force of volunteers collected from a vast continent of different populations, and turned into soldiers by the drill o f a few months in the face of an enemy, often, i n d eed, interrupted by actual conflict, was exceedingly good. The natural aptitude of the men for carrying arm s as infantry soldiers was indeed shown by the cir cumstance that the men were got there and handled at all. The arrangements for the concentration of the troops were made by General M'Dowell, and were under his control exclusively, and it is no small praise to say that seven divisions of infantry, with cavalry and guns, were marched by four dif ferent and indifferent roads, through a country the natural difficulties of which had not been diminished by rough abattis marking where forests have been laid low by the axe, along a narrow front to a patch of ground, some three miles long by a mile broad, were marched past without confusion, and got off again without delay or intermixture. From Drains ville on the right of the line to the extreme left 1 1!•ez Alexandria the f ron t ex t en d s some 1 6 or tv __le e s in irre gu l ar li nes, and Divisions from the 11„',1,,,,vrev'a tcs ilita:vtere marched to the spa ce w hi c h As to be abie to 0. 1 10 review, near Al unson ' s -hill , so 0. off the ground before the march of the other Divisions brought them into position. The Divisions were massed together in columns of bat talions, and occupied the limited area in a de, se half m uon with the horny prolonged nearly at rig ht angles on the flanks. The day was exceedingly fine—one of those fine, bright days, with an autumecl keenness about it which contributes to the glories of the Indian summer. All restrictions to the passage of the Long-bridge were removed, and when I arrived there it was impossible to push a horse through the crowd of hacks, omnibuses, gigs, and light waggons which were pouring out of the city, intermingled with many pedestrians. People had come from distant cities to behold a sight the like of which was never seen in the New World, and, if political eco nomists indulged in private head-shaking the world of Washington was, at all events, determined to let no care sit upon its heart: Turning away from the impasse of the Long-bridge, our party rode back through by-streets of the village-like suburbs to wards Georgetown, and succeeded in getting over in one of the ferry boats to the Virginia side along with a number of vehicles and horsemen ; and a smart canter past Fort Corcoran and Fort Albany brought us soon into the ruck of vehicles which were proceeding to Munson's-hill, some eight miles distant, and not far from the outlying pickets of the enemy, As the road crossed the summits of the small mound-like elevations which do duty as hills, the black dotted lines of carriages, horsemen, and pedes trians were visible seaming the landscape, and con verging on the ridge, crowned with earthworks and surmounted by the Federal flag, which was the rendezvous for the spectators. In the hollow of the roads, where the soft earth was churned into mud by the watercourses, there were smashes and crashes not quite unworthy of a Derby-day, and many an axle and wheel and splinter-bar :testified to the tenacity of the soil of the " Old Dominion." By the side of the camps the guards and the men left for duty turned out to gaze on the procession, and favoured the passers-by with the quaintness of remark which is a substitute for Landon " chaff" on such occa sions. Evidences of the skill of the men in pro viding for winter were visible in the log huts, boarded and plastered, which could not be made so readily by the men of any other army, and would have been thought palaces by the occupants of our subterranean holes in the first Crimean winter. But the forests are all around them, and hundreds of hands in every Division are familiar with the axe. Soon spiral columns of smoke rising from the midst of a black expanse, which looked at first glance like an Irish moor, pointed out the position of the troops and the camp fires at which they were cook ing their midday meal. The black surface was specked with ;white, the glare of white flags, and now and then a bright needle of light flashed out of it from sabre or bayonet; nearer still, and the eye catches patches of gray, blue, and neutral tint, and a certain broken light playing over the inert mass which had not yet broken out into the flickering surf of bayonets and the life of the march. The crowds of spectators blackened all the hill crests and ridges, and the flood was dammed up near Munson's hill by a line of very dangerous light dragoons, long haired, open-collared, strapless, with trousers well up the calves of their legs, displaying great variety of booting and hosiery, with ungroomed horses and dirty accoutrements, who, after the fashion of horsemen on such occasions, made small charges on the public, and were never tired of shouting to everybody to got out of every place and to go no where. It was very exciting to come near one of these warriors, for it became a moot question whether he was going to commit unintentional sui cide by falling on his sword, or whether he would cut off his horse's head or your own, as he flourished about on his steed, quite out of hand, but bent on " keeping back" as long as he lived all who came near him in reference to an indeterminate line of occupa tion, The passes for the inner circle underwent a scrutiny by the officers on duty, whose views on the subject were very infirm, as one " kept back" those the other let in, and vice versa. But at last that business was arranged, and we pro ceeded onwards without any obstruction, except that caused by a sergeant of a Michigan regiment of cavalry, who stopped me in order that he might let his friends in England know through me that he was quite well, which I hereby do, with the qualification that I have reason to think he must have had a headache next morning, Yes ! there was also a friendly gentleman who insisted on shaking hands with me on general grounds, and another who did it for special reasons of his own ; but on the whole we parted very good friends. The line of march of the Divisions was indicated by flags of different colours fixed on posts along the ground, and al though there were no police in attendance the lines were very well kept, and there was no pressing or crowding. The carriages were collected opposite the head-quarters' flag, or at the other side of the avenue, which was left broad enough for a front of two companies to march abreast. General M'Clel lan, who had left the city with a very strong escort —the M'Clellan Dragoons, one squadron, the 2d Cavalry, and the sth Cavalry—attended by a large staff, rode down the lines about 1 o'clock, and was received with hearty cheers as he galloped through the dense masses of the regiments. On his right rode the President, with Mr. Seward, who was on horseback fcr part of the day; the Duke of Chartres, in the uniform of a captain of the United States army, and with the star of the Legion of Honour on his breast, the Prince de Joinville, and General M'Dowell wore also in the General's suite. As he passed round the left of the line the field bat teries on the hill fired a very irregular and ill timed salute, owing, I presume, to some misunder standing of the order of firing, but it was all the same to the multitude, and through the hurrahs of the soldiery, the noise of the guns and the cries of the spectators, the idol and hope of the hour dashed past, seated well, if not altogether gracefully, on his charger. Every tongue was busy ;—" Where is M'Clellan ?" or "There is M'Clellan !" or "Hurrah for M'Clellan !" But the President was taken for granted. On assuming his position at the flagstaff the troops began to move, and the review com menced—a march past in heavy marching order, in any " time," with haversacks and supplies of ball cartridge in case of any demonstration from the neighbouring enemy or any attack on the weakened flanks. To European readers it would be of little interest to enter into details or to attempt to discri- ' minate between the many Divisions or regiments. It is enough to say that the cavalry were bad, slo venly, ill set-up ; in person, accoutrements, and horses, showing a want of care ; not badly horsed —light serviceable men on light active beasts, but inferior in appearance and regularity to the Cos sacks of the Black Sea. There were exceptions to the remark, but not to any great extent, and Lord Cardigan would have evaporated at the sight. The artillery was the best part of the display, looked as if it was ready for work, but a considerable portion of the guns were held in reserve along the front. The infantry was varied in character and air; the regiments with a large foreign element had the most soldierly bearing, but were inferior in material to the native regiments, some of which, such as the 44th New York, could not be exceeded in any army in Europe. There is still a diversity of arma ment in the artillery, and of small arms and uni form in the other branches' of the service. As the teen passed in close column of double companies it was not possible to examine them very narrowly. S ar o m m s e reeigoiped, men ts so c m am e e by carrying arms, some with without day hideous ; excellentsombeyhadtheitw General Call's Division -12 went past was composed a sc :f r o d ii infan try, 2 batteries, 1 regiment of cavalry. General Heintzelman's Division - 7 discord. t . h fixed bands,others bayonets,thers rendered e n o d t e h r e e r d s ow T s h : e_force which regiments ryrea o. regiments e of infantry, 2 batteries, 1 regiment of cavalry. General Smith's Division-10 regiments of in. fantry, 2 batteries, 1 regiment of cavalry. General Franklin's Division-12 regiments of infantry, 3 batteries, 1 regiment of cavalry. General Blenker's Division-11 regiments of infantry, 2 batteries, Dcckett's regiment of mounted riflemen. General Fitz John :Porter's Division-13 regi ments'of infantry, 3 batteries, 2 regiments of cavalry. General APDowell's Division-11 regiments of infantry, 3 batteries, 1 regiment of cavalry. Making total of 76 regiments ofinfantry, 17 bat teries, and 8 regiments of cavalry. infantry at 600 gtrgl l B'; Takiug the regiments of which, considering camp gmrds, reserves, &c., is rather a high average, there may have been 46,000 or 43,000 men on the field, with 3,000 cavalry—the average of the regiments of the latter arm being high—and 100 guns. The American papers contain long accounts of the affair, but I must beg to remark there is not a syllable of truth in one " anecdote" contained in one of them, where that article is, in deed, a rarity respecting myself. THE (SUN, !LONDON, MONDAY EVENINGf, DHOMAIBEIR 9, UM. FRANCE AND STVI7ZE.RLAND. The following, being the text of the correspon dence between the French Government and the Frederal Council on the violation of Swiss territory in the Valley of the Dappes, has been received : " NOTE ADDRESSED BY THE FEDERAL COUNCIL TO THE SWISS MINISTER AT PARIS, UNDER DATE OCT. 31, 1861. " Sir,—We have just been informed by the Coun cil of State of the Canton de Vaud that on Sunday, the 27th October, a strong detachment of French gendarmes, and some soldiers from the garrison of Fort de Rousses, armed and under the command of an officer of gendarmes, have entered the locality of Cressonnieres Suisse, in Vaud. " According to the accompanying reports from the Prefect of Nyon, the first cause of so flagrant a violation of territory must be sought in the follow ing circumstances : " An individual named Fournier, condemned by the police tribunal of Nyon, for having maltreated a woman, escaped the punishment by taking to flight. "It appears that the French gendarmes believed that Fournier was in the Valley of the Dappes, and that the police of Vaud intended to arrest him there. At least, the officer of the French gendarmes, hav ing seen a corporal of the Vaud gendarmes, who had hastened from St. Cengues on hearing the ru mour of the occupation of Cressonieres Suisses by an armed French force, asked him if he came to arrest Fournier. " This same officer afterwards declared that he should oppose this arrest, as well as that of another individual—viz., the poacher Lamiquique ; seeing that such acts would infringe upon the rights of so vereignty possessed by France over the territory in question. "This is not the proper place to enter into long investigations upon the question of right which, as is well known, has been thoroughly discussed, and will, no doubt, be so again at a fature period. " The question of right is besides completely re solved as far as concerns Switzerland, and the point of view taken by her in the matter cannot admit of any doubt whatever. " What we have to consider is the flagrant fact of a violation of Swiss territory, against which we must charge you to make energetic representations to his Excellency the Minister for Foreign Affairs. " You will, therefore, insist on the French armed force immediately evacuating the village of Cres sonnieres Suisses, and retiring within their own frontier, if this has not already taken place. " You will, moreover, seek to obtain that fitting satisfaction be afforded to Switzerland for this violation of territory, and that measures be taken with a view to prevent the further commission of acts of the nature of those which form the subjecrof the present note—acts which can only very greatly and in a lamentable manner compromise the friendly relations which should exist between neighbouring States. " It is to be hoped that the Imperial Minister will have less difficulty in acceding:to this demand, because it should equally import to him to avoid all:that might disturb the good understanding be tween the population of the two countries. " Requesting you to leave a copy of this note with the Minister, we take this opportunity, &c., &c.—ln the name of the Federal Council, (Signed) " A. M. KwusgL, President of the Confederation ; (Signed) " SCIIIESS, Chancellor of the Confederation. " Berne, Oct. 31, 1861." NOTE FROM THE FRENCH MINISTRY FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO THE SWISS MINISTER AT PARIS, DATED Nov. 8. 1861. Monsieur le Ministre,—l hasten to announce to you, from information furnished to his Excel lency the Minister for War, it results that if mea sures have been taken on our frontier to prevent the authorities of the Canton of Vaud proceeding by force, contrary to the statu quo, to the execu tion on the disputed territory of the Valley of the Dappes of a judgment given by the police tribunal at Nyon, it is not correct that either the French gendarmes or soldiers took up a position, even momentarily, at any point whatever in this canton. " The statement of General Faucheux is as cate gorical as possible, and from it I cannot elicit the facts which have caused the reclamation of the Federal Council.—Receive, (Signed) " THOUYENEL, " Paris, Bth Nov., 1861." NOTE FROM THE FEDERAL COUNCTI, TO THE SWISS MINISTER AT PARIS, DATED Nov. 23, 1861. " Sir,—Our despatch of the 31st October has acquainted you with the violation of territory which took place on the 27th of the same month, in the Valley of the Dappes, where some French soldiers and gendarmes entered the Canton of Vaud, at Cressonnieres Suisses, with the inten tion of opposing an arrest which they supposed had been made by the Vaud police. We charged you to demand the satisfaction usual in such cases, and founded on the law of nations, insisting also that proper measures should be taken to prevent the renewal of such lamentable incidents. "The French Minister has, as you are aware, on the ground of a report from the commander of the 7th military division, thought proper to assert that there was no violation of territory, that neither the locality of Cressonnieres Suisses, nor any point of the valley, was even momentarily occupied by French soldiers and gendarmes, the French gen darmes having been posted near the frontier in proximity to the Valley of the Dtppes, solely in order to oppose, should it be necessary, the arrest before mentioned. " Such is the statement which has been, at least in part, modified by the French Government in the communications since that time. As this assertion was in flagrant contradiction with the report of the Swiss Commissioners who, on the 2d November, repaired to the places in question, where they sub mitted the case to a scrupulous inquiry, it becomes us to be well assured on the subject of such diver gent pretensions; and so much the more, because there was every reason to admit that the com mander of the French division had not been duly informed by his subordinates of the facts of the case as they really happened. Neither have we hesitated to again delegate our commissioners, and they on their second mission presented us with tha report which we have the honour to bring to your knowledge. " On comparing the two reports of the Commis sioners of the 2d and 13th November, the incidents of the 27th October may be resumed as follow : The tribunal of police of the district of Nyon was called upon on the 24th September, 1861, to pro nounce judgment against a certain Jean Fournier, residing at the Jaquette Suisse, in the Valley of the Dappes. Fournier was sentenced to 20 days' imprisonment for having maltreated the widow Regard and her son. This sentence came into effect on the 11th October, 1861. " It appeared that the French gendarmerie, who had received their instructions, believed that the execution of the sentence was to take place imme diately, and that the arrest of Fournier would con sequently be effected forthwith. "In order to prevent it, a detachment of French gendarmerie, accompanied by a picket of soldiers from the garrison of Fort de Rousses, proceeded on Sunday, the 27th October, to the locality of the Cressonnieres Suisses, in the Canton Vaud. k w n:o o w An was w in corporal of the Vaud gendarmes, who had hastened to th e spo t on t hi s i nvas i on b ecom i ng as questioned n b f y th th e e offic er whole detachment o f a s to whether be had come to arrest Fournier. On receiving a reply in the negative, the officer declared he would oppose such an arrest even by force, and, moreover, that he could not allow similar measures to be taken by the Swiss authorities in the Valley of the Dappes. After having acquired the conviction that the wept of Fournier wm not intended, tho Prendh gendarmes and soldiers recrossed the fron tier it t the night of the 27th October. " A. perusal of the second report of the commis sioners imposes the conviction that the incident of the 2,7 th October is exactly as it has been related by tb,e Prefect of Nyon, and already confirmed in their first report. The commissioners, it is true, might have remarked that since their find visit to the iialley a change has manifested itself among a part of the inhabitants. The importance which is to be attached to the event of the 27th October has had the effect of in timidating to a certain extent persons who, on first beii ig interrogated, spoke quite frankly, but who hav a afterwards thought that they ought to observe a curtain reserve, fearing that, under the circum staxces, they might afterwards be made responsible for their declarations. But, notwithstanding this, evi dente has been obtained of so positive a character that it is impossible to doubt the exactness of the statement first made. There is not the least reason whatever to doubt the veracity of the witnesses, because what would induce them to misrepresent facts, and to make false declarations ? Besides, their evidence confirms in a most formal manner the presence of armed French gendarmes and sol diers in Cressonnieres Suisses, and generally de scribes the incident as it has been related in the first report of the commissioners. " Some of the witnesses add that, during the day of Oct. 27, men from the French frontier post pene trated into the Swiss territory in groups, in order to discover the Vaud gendarmes, who were supposed to be hidden in the woods: "If, for the reasonostated, certain inhabitants of Cressonnieres are more reserved in their evidence than they were on Nov. 2—if they do not speak in such a precise and categorical manner as the other witnesses, it must not however be lost sight of that they do not question the evidence which has been given, and that at all events they admit having seen the lieutenant and the brigadier of the French gen darmes on Swiss territory. "In presence of the statement so clearly made out by our commissioners, we have no hesitation in main taining our claim of the 31st October, and of renew ing the demand which was contained therein, for fitting satisfaction and proper measures for prevent ing the recurrence of similar violations of territory. " The French Minister has shown himself dis posed to enter into negotiations with Switzerland on the principal question, as well as on a mode of intercourse, although giving it to be understood that the measures lately ordered, and which have formed the subject of the complaints of Switzerland, ought to be maintained by the French authorities so long as the state of things renders it necessary. "Although it is important for Switzerland to be on good terms with her neighbours, and although she desires to maintain good relations with them, and to assist in their re-establishment when they might become disturbed, the Federal Council never theless cannot think of opening negotiations so long as there exists a declaration in which it cannot but see a threat. It cannot consent to make the nego tiations depend on a condition, the effect of whose accomplishment would bo to annul as a usurpation a sovereignty exercised by Switzerland for many years in the Valley of the Dappes. "It seems to us right to say a few words here on the question of the static quo, since this point has very recently been raised by France. It appears that some misunderstanding has arisen which neces sarily demands an explanation. Statu quo appears to be understood by France in the sense that the rights of sovereignty—the administration of justice —ought not to be exercised in the Valley of the Dappes either by the one or the other of the two States. This point of view is in no way justified by antecedents. We have already entered fully into this subject in a note addressed to the French Legation on the 21st of June last; and it will not be out of place to recall here the considerations which were set forth on that occasion. It is proved by documents that until 1851 the authorities of Vaud have without obstacle exercised the penal and civil jurisdiction over the Valley of the Dappes. The authorities of the district of Nyon have treated this territory in the same manner as the other parts of the district. " In the records which have been consulted there exists no indication that until the period named the exercise of judicial functions by the authorities at Vaud had given rise to any kind of conflict. Oppo sition was first offered in 1851 on the occasion of a seizure effected to the prejudice of a man named Janin on account of a claim of the savings bank of Nyon. Then, in the hope of arriving at an arrange ment on the differences concerning the principal question, orders were given to suspend judicial measures for a time in order to avoid what might have rendered this affair more complicated. Such is the fact invoked from them, more especially in 1852 and 1859, as forming a state of static quo be tween the two countries. " This way of receiving the matter is, however, not sufficiently founded, because, when the jurisdic tion has been exercised without opposition for 35 years, a suspension of justice in a single case, given in consideration of the friendly relations between the two countries, would not imply any prejudice to the right of Switzerland; and on that account the competency of her tribunals as well as those of the Canton of Vaud, could not be the subject of any serious doubt. Such is the point of view from which the Federal Council considers the question of the stat i c quo. This point of view is a necessity, if it is not desired that the Valley of the Dappes should fall into a most complete state of anarchy. By the expression state quo we could not, therefore, understand a state of absolute neutrality in the sense that all superior authority was suspended. We are convinced that it could not be the inten tion of the Imperial Government to wish to support such an exceptional situation. It is not they who would wish to establish between the two countries a territorial circumscription enjoying the singular privilege of being exempt from all legal order, and the inhabitants of which could create for themselves a right to claim impunity for all crimes pastas well as future. Inviting you to give later any explana tion which may be necessary, supported by the documents connected with this inquiry, we autho rise you to leave a copy of the present note with the Minister, and take this opportu nay to renew, &e., (Signed) " J. M. KNUSEL, President of the Confederation. (Signed) " SCIIIESS, Chancellor of the Confederation " Berne, 23d Nov., 1861." THE TRAGEDY AT SHEFFIELD. An inquest was held on Saturday on the body of Thos. Townshend, who committed suicide on Ft iday afternoon, after deliberately shooting his step daughter, Eliza Fisher. The inquest was held at the Engineer Inn, a few yards from the scene of the tragedy. The deputy coroner said all that could be inferred from the evidence taken was, that the de ceased went quietly to Mr. Travis's house on Fri day, and having seen. Eliza Fisher, he shot her. There could be no doubt about that. There was no positive evidence that he shot himself, but the jury would infer that he did so from the fact of his being found lying with a shot wound in his body imme diately after the report of the pistol was heard, and the pistol lying by his side. Whether he was in a sound or unsound state of mind at the time, did not appear, but it was evident that he had done the deed in a very quiet, cool, and calm manner, and not at all with the manner of a man who was out of his senses. He had bought the pistols, charged them, and gone to the house very quietly and coolly. It would be for the jury to say whether the man shot himself when he was in a state of temporary in sanity, or whether he had done it wilfully and of malice aforethought, as the law had it. He had evi dently contemplated the crime for some time, be cause it had been proved by Mrs. Clare that he had more than once threatened to take his own life, apparently because Eliza Fisher would not leave the place she had obtained and go and reside with him. There was no evidence before the jury as to how he had treated the young woman, but there was evidence to show that she had had a child by him, and the jury might infer from that fact that he had not treated her very well—at all events, he had not treated her as a moral and upright man would have treated a woman, particularly in the relation in which she stood towards him, she being his step daughter. After a short deliberation, the jury re turned a verdict to the Effect that the deceased was not in an unsound state of mind, and that therefore he was guilty of self-murder. It was stated that are the e f t4 r e f r u ta i i w ned otin ti t r e t h E e Eli h i o recover pe s , iif fr any, om T F e i r s y he f r ai W nt il I received. STAT.g OP CANADA, Canada, once the favourite battle-ground of Indian tribes, then the scene of a fierce struggle for empire between the two chief Powers of Europe, has long been exempt from the evils, the horrors of war. There are some still living who recount with pride and pleasure their campaigns against Ameri can invaders, but they are grey-haired men, and they tell these tales to their grandchildren, for the events of which they speak took place half a cen tury ago. There are more who talk of the rebel lion of 1837 ; but that was a mere riot, an altogether insignificant affair compared with the wars of his tory, compared even with the American civil war of to-day. It follows that net one in a thousand of our people rightly estimates the blessings of peace or the calamities of war. Indeed, we never shall be adequately thankful for peace until we have had to measure swords with an enemy, until each one of us has had relathes or friends exposed to danger and death, or property devoted to destruction. But by looking at the condition of the States we may form some idea of the miseries, private and national, which a state of war involves, and which inspire the prayer of the Anglican litany—" Give us peace in our time, 0 Lord." The British contribution to the population of the United States has fallen off 90 per cent. from what it was ten years ago ! That, however, is not all, The stagnation of business of all kinds, the consequent lack of employment, the apprehension that the war will be a long one, the dread of an enormous national debt and heavy taxa tion, have driven many new corners to the States away. They have gone back to the shores of Great Britain by hundreds, and our own emigration agent to Ireland, Mr. Donaldson, says he has seen ship loads of emigrants returning from America to that country. We have not suffered much from war yet. Even our Customs revenue has not fallen off to any great extent ; and if some branches of industry have been injuriously affected, that has been more than compensated for by the stimulus given to others. Our population has been largely increased. The number of emigrants arrived at Quebec up to the 18th ult. was 19,461 this year, as against 9,654 last —an increase of more than 100 per cent. This is by ship. The number of those who have come into the Province from the States by rail is probably even larger, judging from the reports of the emigrant agents in the various cities ; and many must have arrived of whom the agents have seen nothing, for all the newspapers teem with accounts of the esta blishment here of small manufactories started by enterprising Americans. Probably at least 50,000 souls have been added to our population this year by immigration. If the war in the States continues, and we are mercifully preserved from being involved in it, there is no telling the effect it may have on the relative positions of the States and Provinces ; and, even though it should cease, its effects will last for years. To paraphrase a famous sentence—" The United States' calamity is our opportunity." The tide of emigration is not one which can be bid to flow at will. The Times said, in a recent article, that "it would be years before emigrants would believe in the pacification of the Union even if peace were proclaimed to morrow." And probably, before the States begin to recover favour among the emigrating classes, the provinces may be so populous and rich as to be able to unite themselves into a powerful confederacy, a worthy rival of its Southern neighbour, with every prospect of a speedy emancipation from a state of colonial dependence, and the formation of a Colonial Empire which shall be far more stable than the re public which is now bursting into fragments.— Quebec Chronicle. THE GREAT EXHIBITION OF 1862. All the works connected with the South Kensing ton Palace are in a most satisfactory state of for wardness, excepting only those for the construction of the enormous glass and iron domes. These, in fact, are the most difficult works in iron that have ever been undertaken. Never were so many awkwardly shaped pieces of ironwork designed to fit into one erection. It is, in fact, like putting together a colossal puzzle, each of the component parts of which averages three tons in weight, and has to'be bolted into its place at a height of 200 feet from the ground. At such a fearful elevation in anything like rough weather the danger of accident becomes so great that the men will not risk their lives by continuing the work, and the gigantic scaffolding itself offers obstacles to rapid progress, as it frequently requires a whole day's labour to conduct an awkward piece of iron through its intricacies to the spot where it is to be lifted to the summit. With such drawbacks on rapidity, and the knowledge that bad weather at all times interrupts this portion of the building, our readers will not be surprised to hear that all hope of getting them completed by the Ist of January has been abandoned. The Ist of February, it is now thought, is more likely to be the date of their completion, though a repetition of anything like last year's weather would be certain to make even this date liable to further postpone ment. The chief difficulty consists in fixing the wrought-iron groined ribs. Four of these awkward pieces have to be fixed under each dome, spanning the intersections of the naves and transepts. The ends rest on double groups of columns, and are about 20 feet apart at their base, converging till they meet in the centre in a massive wrought-iron box girder, which forms the crown of the arch. Each of these groined arches weighs some 60 tons, and as they, in fact, have to carry the whole weight of the dome above, the utmost care is requisite to adjust them with perfect accuracy. The Thames Company have handed over the erection of the western dome to Mr. Belk, and Mr. Ashton, who has charge of the ironwork, is making rapid progress with it. The eastern dome has also got on very well, and two of the groined ribs are fixed, though it is said they will require a certain amount of re-adjustment before they can be said to bo complete. In the meantime, to lessen as much as possible any causes of delay that may arise from the non-completion of the domes, all the other works arc being most rapidly advanced. The picture galleries will be complete to the minutest particular before Christmas, by which time, also, the walls of ) the refreshment department will be finished, and a great portion of the 50 feet courts glazed in. Early in January all excepting the domes will be com pletely covered in, so that the decorations may be at once commenced, and the flooring of all but the nave laid down. Tho nave will be kept open for the passage of articles into the Exhibition till the very last moment; and here, of course, the floor cannot be laid till the domes are finished and the scaffold ings all removed. It is calculated, however, that all this floor, as it is already cut and fitted, could be nailed down in a few hours; so that, beyond the hurry and scurry inevitable at the last moment, and which would be just as great if the Commissioners had another year allowed them, everything will have shaken down pretty well before the day fixed for the opening, Thursday, the Ist of May. Of one thing intending exhibitors may be sure —that, what ever apparant want of punctuality there may be in the completion of the domes, it will not be admitted as any excuse for the non-delivery of articles within the allotted time—that is, between the Ist and 31st of March. Anything coming later than this date, no matter what it is or where from—even the Koh-i noor itself—will be denied admission. There is one most important matter which is just now a source of deep anxiety to the chief promoters of next year's display, for on the course which is now taken with regard to the approaches to the building very much of the comparative success or failure of the whole scheme must depend. Every one has said that " something ought to be done," but no body has done it, till it is now evident that some thing must be done, and done quickly, if we don't' want the roads to the Exhibition next year to be such a scene of turmoil, danger, and confusion worse confounded as will stain our local and metropolitan administrations with lasting disgrace. If we take the data afforded by the number of visitors to the last Exhibition, to which the means of communica tion from various parts of the metropolis were much greater than those we have for next year, we find even in these numbers cause for infinite anxiety on tb.o subject of approacheo, No Moon4ble MP; 49W-1 ever, can doubt bat that, with a tolerable proportion of fine weather, the number of visitors next year will be greatly in excess of those of 1851. It is in the nature of all these international displays to develope and improve with each succeeding ecca sion. The experience of all foreign countries shows us this, and, other chances being equal, there is no reason to suppose that the English Exhibitions will prove the only exceptions to this rule. The total number of visitors in 1851 was 6,039,195. But at that time there were only 6,700 miles of railway open throughout the United Kingdom. Next year there will be nearly 11,000 miles. The general system of railway management has im mensely improved also since 1851, and managers have now learnt to appreciate the return ticket system and the excursion traffic at reduced rates, which they would not even hear of ten years ago. Indeed, to such an extent have these increased facilities induced the public to travel, that we find from the Board of Trade returns that the numbers of railway journeys performed throughout the king dom has continued steadily increasing at the enor mous rate of nearly 10,000,000 a year, and that the number has more than doubled since 1851. In that year there were 85,000,000 journeys performed; last year there were 177,000,000. In 1851 the railways could only bring and take away from London 40,000 visitors daily ; now it is computed that they are equal to a passenger traffic to and from the metropolis of not less than 140,000 daily. It is not unreasonable to suppose, then, that, with the great inducements that will be held out by railway companies in the way of cheap excursion trains and long return tickets, the number of visitors from the country, will be nearly doubled this time, and that, instead of 3,000,000, as in 1851, we may not improbably get 6,000,000 next year. Now, nothing is more easy than for these people to come to London, but it is quite a problem how they are to get to and from the Exhibition by means of the present roads. For all practical purposes there is now, in truth, only one main road—that along Pic cadilly, past Albert-gate, off by Knightsbridge to Brompton. This is a good wide road till we come to Knightbridge, but from there "the narrows" com mence in earnest, and as for the traffic of this kind no road can be considered wider than its narrowest part, it is easy to see what a continuous block there must be from this point up to the very doors of the build ing. It is absolutely necessary that immediate steps should be taken with this most irregular and con tracted thoroughfare. The roadway, in short, must be widened, and this can be done at a small cost if the gardens at the north side are appropriated. The Kensington Vestry, we are glad to hear, are now taking steps in the matter, and we hope they will do the work effectually, for it must not be forgotten that much of next year's building is to be perma nent, and that, with the attractions of the South Kensington Museum and the New Horticultural Gardens, the traffic along this road will be perma nently increased, and will increase every year. Just now intending exhibitors are very anxious about their allotments of space, and the Commis sioners' office is daily inundated with letters of com plaint or remonstrance on the subject. We are requested to state, therefore, that the spaces are now in course of allotment with the utmost speed that the whole staff at the disposal of the Commissioners can work them out. All the allotments will be complete and issued to the exhibitors by the 15th of this month. TILE GAOL OF NETVGAT.E. The following interesting report upon the condi tion of Newgate, by the Rev. Mr. Davis, the ordi nary of that prison, has just been printed by order of the Court of Aldermen. It is addressed, as usual, to the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen. The report, slightly abridged, is as follows : " I am happy, at the end of this yeas, to be able to congratulate you on the completion of the female side of the prison on the separate system. The build ing is now finished, and is about to be furnished as soon as the proper authorities give their official sanetion that it may be used for the purposes for which it was erected. It is greatly to the credit of the city that they have expended such large sums of money on these improvements without imposing any rato whatever on the districts benefited. " The advantages we hope to gain on the female side will, I doubt not, be in proportion quite as ex tensive as we have now experienced for three years in the male division. But on looking into the effects produced by keeping the prisoners separate, the evil that is stemmed is not so apparent to ordinary observers as it is to those who had to witness the demoralisation of the old associated system of im prisonment. When we look at what Newgate is and what it was three years ego, we cannot but feel thankful that so much has been done and applied to such good purpose. As much as, under ordinary cir cumstances, can be expected to be done for the benefit or punishment of offenders is now done in Newgate. " The effects continue quite as beneficial as I have already reported to you, my lord and gentle men, the last two years. The old offenders, whom neither kindness nor severity can reform, are de prived of their long-practised habits of corrupting and demoralising less experience) delinquents by their conversations and recitals ; none of these sad scenes, both by night and day, which gave so much uneasiness and regret, can now be witnessed. The giddy spirit of lightness is subdued, and even the depraved become serious and apparently thoughtful. As a rule, these men behave with regularity and order in separate confinement. They are glad to get active employment, and the necessary duties of the prison are willingly discharged by them when they are permitted to follow them. Their constant work of picking oakum is performed punctually and correctly, and the rules of the prison are constantly and correctly obeyed. There are among these pri soners men who have been two or three times pre viously sentenced to penal servitude or transporta tion, It is such persons, who seem to have made up their minds not to give up a life of crime and self indulgence, whose conduct as prisoners is cora -1 mendable and regular ; and a very curious fact is, that under rule and discipline their demeanour should exhibit the perfect contrast that it does to their habits when liberated. When their habits have been thus formed, the only reasonable and effectual .course to adopt is to keep them perpetually where they behave well ; they see the influence that conduct of a regular character produces, and avail themselves willingly of its instrumentality to lead them to advantages which cannot otherwise be ob tained. Could they do the same at liberty, many besides themselves would be benefited. This is the great object that prisons should aim at, and of late much has been done towards its attainment. The care taken in the prisons under the control of the Government has a happy effect upon the men ; and, as far as I can judge, the number of this class is lessening. " Newgate receives, however, a considerable number of great criminals, who are once detected, tried, and sentenced for long periods for offences springing out of circumstances by which they are surrounded. Extravagant habits and indulgence in pleasures beyond their means have been the ruin of a number of young men during the last year whose conduct had never been previously suspected. Young men take houses and furnish them, of a character better suited to their masters than them selves, and they fall into associations quite incon sistent with their true position. The result is either forgery, or embezzlement, or destructive debts; the latter too frequently the prelude to the former. The first attempt to relieve themselves by dishonesty unhappily proves successful, and it is repeated until a disclosure takes place, and the law is put in force. "Drunkenness has, I regret to say it, sent offen ders to this prison of a very serious character. Two men, during the last year, have been tried and executed for murder arising out of drunken ferocity. The effect of drink in impairing the memory, is very sad. We have had cases where deeds of this atrocious character have left no corre sponding traces in the recollection. Surgeons tell us that men occasionally, under delirium tremens, have no idea when the fit is gone of what they have said or done. And I remember two cases ill which foul murders have been committed, and the offenders had no recollection of the act. Both men were exe• cuted ; but such was their declaration to the last. " I bear glad and willing testimony to the diniP line of the prison, which le under as go*d mantle' nient as such an establishment can be. All the real wants of the prisoners are supplied, and their obe dience is encouraged, while their faults are corrected• "Our numbers during the year have been small. The total number imprisoned has been 1,272, but of these, 914 only were committed for trial; 191 have been discharged by the magistrates; and 165 of the remanded prisoners have been sent to Hol loway prison under summary convictions. W e have had two cases of tax collectors committed as defaulters; and during the same period two other prisoners have attempted to appear lunatics• Both were discovered and tried. They refused to plead ; but were declared mute of malice.' One had nine months' imprisonment for passing bad money, and the other four years' penal servitude as a dishonest letter-carrier." ALARMING FIRES. Taring Saturday night and Sunday morning four fires took place in the metropolitan district. One fire happened between the hours of one and two o'clock, on the premis e s b e l ong i ng t o Mrs. J. Hopton, a laundress, situate at No. 9, Charles-street; Shepherd's Bush-market. The outbreak was caused by one of the ironers making the fire too brisk ill the ironing stove, which ignited a quantity of linen and wearing apparel, at the same time demolishing the glass windows. About midnight another fire happened in the premises belonging to Mr. MT. M'Moran, 3 Kemp's' court, Berwick-street, Soho. This fire took place 00 the first floor, and was caused by a spark flying from a live coal in the grate. An immediate alert°, was given, and information was sent in sundry di rections for the engines, and in a very short space of time the firemen arrived and the fire was wain', guished, but not until a son of Mr. M'Moran, about eight years of age, was so terribly burnt that he Wss obliged to be removed to the hospital, where be 0 ' present remains without the least chance of re' covery. Another fire broke out in the premises belonging to Mr. Smith, tailor, No. 5, Tenter-street, North, Whitecbapel. The premises and their contents were seriously damaged by fire and water. The cause of the fire is unknown. Shortly before 4 o'clock yesterday morning a fir e took place in the premises of Mr. M. C. Mackey' No. 40, Hide-place, Westminister. The disaster was caused by a spark flying from a lighted candle , which ignited the bed and bedding, as well as the furniture, and a coffin containing a dead body. The exertions of the firemen, under Mr. H. Campbell , succeeded in getting the flames extinguished, bu t not until considerable damage was doue. COUNTRY MARKE2S. , v,,_ YORK—DEc. 7. all, r The supply of wheat at this market to-day again sni and a limited business was transacted, at is to 2s per,. c i a. over last week's prices. In barley a t o l era bl e s h ow , but 7. steady demand. Oats in imp rove d i nlu i r y. B ean s OP ported late rates. Wheat, red . 60s to 65s 1 Oats.... 22s to 2 48 White do .64s to G9s Beans 48z to 5 2 8 Barley .32s to 38s Peas .. ..s to - 4 Malt, GSs to 70s per qr.; rye, 38s per qr.; flour, 46° to 48s per sack. NORWICH—DEC. 7. Wheat to-day was in short supply, and last Saturday prices were improved is to 2s for all descriptions. Barlei, was freely offered, and in most instances f u lly s upported late rates. Flour is per saek dearer. White wheat 60s to 68s I Red wheat s 56s to 6 0 Malting barley....3Bs to 39s I Chevalier barley 37s to 3S! New d 0......... 37s to 39s I Oats.. —s to •-•-° Flour, 44s Od to —s Od per sack from the miller. NORTHAMPTON-DEC. 7. At this corn-market the supply of wheat was only mode' rate to-day, and the attendance of far mers an d f ac t ors vO tolerably good. The tone of the trade was more active? and recent rates advanced Is to 2s per qr-56s to 62s O f old, and 60s to 68s for new. A fair business in barley.!' malting 33s to 30s, grinding 29s to 31s per q r . Oats i r i l moderate show, at previous prices—quoted at 23s to 3 ,.J 0 per 24 stone. Beans, old, 38s to 46s ; pea s , 38s to 4 05 ; Rye, 37s to 425; malt, 70s to 745; flour, 40s to sack. LEICESTER—DEc. 7. The supply of wheat to-day was abo u t an average, and prices were is to 2s higher than of late. White, 63s to 6 7 ; —red, 56s to 62s per 36 stone. Barley active, R ith a good show, grinding. 30s to 32s ; malting, 33s to 38s per qr.! oats, 24s to 35s per 24 stone. Beans were very scare' —new, 38s to 42s ; old, 38s to 46s per 38 stone. Fine flour, 46s I Seconds, 43s I Thirds, 41s per 20 atone. CAMBRIDGE—DEc. 7. There was a moderate supply of wheat to-day, and the trade ruled firm—prices being is to 2s per qr higher thiul last week's rates—white, from 62s to 668; red, Ms to 6 1 t Barley a dull inqui r y— ma lti ng , 33 s to 40 s ; gr i nding , 30 to 335. Oats were quiet, at 22s to 28s. Beans were ow at 428 to 46s per qr, FOREIGN MAIL _PACKET Lin: MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton ..Dec. 1 9 3 ' via Marseilles Brazil and Cape Verds, by British p a ck e t. Capo of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. H e l en : .. ..JDjaaenne.: 1. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Dec. via Marseilles ...Dec. 13. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via S ou th am pt on Dec. India (Bombay), via Southamp v t i o a n Dec.• Marseilles Dec. I ,l' via Marseilles Dec. c 5 Lisbon D Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Dec. via Marseilles Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo .ti" et U. S. and B r iti s h N. A mer i ca , b y B r it. packet Dec. leenc2ll°ll: by U.S. packet by Canadian packet Dec. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Dec. 1 ., a ' Bahamas, via N ow Y or k Mexico Dec nr,"• ' All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, I Dec. 14. California,and British Columbia.. EXPLOSION IN BIRMINGLIAM.—A terrific expl°' sion took place on Saturday evening on the premises c 4 Mr. Barnett, grocer and druggist in Smithfield, Birtnia; ham. Shortly after 10 o'clock o no of th e ass i s tants wen t into the cellar for somo article, and shortly after his returi l ; a fearful explosion took place. The whole of the fittings ol the shop were blown into the street, and several persons i ll the shop injured. The origin of the explosion is stud i° have been the ignition of paraffin. BENSON'S WATCHES AND CLOCKS.•-•" Perfection of mechanism."—Morning Post. Gold watches, 5 to 100 guinea s ; silver watches, 2 to 50 guineas. Benson's new Illustrat O Pamphlet, free for two stamps, descriptive of every construe" tion of watch, enables persons in any part of the world 00 select with the greatest certainty the watch best adapted to their use. Watches sent free and safe by p os t on rece ipt of a remittance. —J. W. Benson, 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, 40 0 4 47, Cornhill, London E.C. Established 1749. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills.l Cheer Up.—Sufferers f rom r h eumat i sm need not despir' till a trial has been given to these restorative remedie s ' Fomentation with warm water and friction with this admit' able Ointment are the surest antagonists to rheumati sul and gout. The inflammation of the joints soon yields t? this treatment. After rubbing in Holloway's Ointtnew and taking his Pills for a few days, the throbbing palm heat, and s welling begin to subside, the f e v er d e c r eases, an the patient feels he can move without agony, and slea calmly without dislocating shocks. Holloway's Pills coil' tribute to dispel the rheumatic principle from the system' facilitate the present recovery, successfully ward off 9 0 Y return of the attack, and confer flexibility and strengt h upon the injured joint. BIRTHS. BINGITAM.—On the 7th inst., at 51, Portland-place, th e Lady Cecilia Bingham, of a son. BUXTON.—On the sth inst ,at Leytonstone, the wife of 1 1 . Fowell Buxton, Esq., of a daughter. ILtsTiNGs.—On the 3d inst., at liertingfordbury RectorP Hertford, the wife of the Hon. and Rev. GodolPi lill Hastings, of a daughter. REDDIE.—On the sth inst., at Fulham, Mrs. Reddie, of ti son. MARRIAGES. MPLVILLE—BALL,—On tho 4th inst., at St. George' ° ' Hanover-square, the Hon. Norman Leslie Melville, Car tain Grenadier Guards third son of the Earl of Leve and Melville, to Georgina, daughter of Wm. Shirley Bal l ' Esq., of Abbeylara, co. Longford, Ireland, late Capta in Bth Hussars. SHUTTLEWoRTII—ELLISON.—On the 4th inst., at Saint George's, Ilanover-square Joseph Shuttleworth, Esg':. of Hartshohne, near Lincoln, to Caroline Jane, young' daughter of Lieut.-Colonel Richard Ellison, of 13oulthaul Hall, near Lincoln. Woon—DILAvoRTII.---On the 26th ult., at St. Mark'St Kennington, Mr. R. C. B.Wood, of the War Office, on l y son of Mr. It. J. Wood, of Fleet, street, to Helen, O a youngest daughter of Mr. W. J. Dilworth, of Lowe r Tulse-hill, Brixton. DEATHS. BIRKETT.—On the Gth inst., at Hastings, Henry Birkett/ Esq , late of South Shields, aged 41. BELL.—On the 2d inst., at Finchanistead, Borks, Juliano, wife of John Thomas Bell, Esq., Gloucester-place, Hydo" park-gardens, aged 77. BUDWORTII.—On the sth inst., at Tho Rectory, MO; Laver Essex, the Rev. Philip Budworth, of Greenstea a Hall, ' Essex. COUSENS.—On the 4th inst., at Sydenham, James Cottons' Esq., aged 80. RADCLUTE.—On the 4th inst., at Bath, Frances Pickforh sixth daughter of the late Sir Joseph Radcliffe, Bart., 01 Milnsbridge House, Yorkshire, and RoytonLlTall, Lau" cashire, aged 83. f WHEELTON.—On the 6th inst., John Wheelton, Esq., - o Gloucester-terrace, Hyde park, aged 69. LoNnow : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TILE Surf Office, No. 112,Strau d, in the Precinct of the Savoy, 111 the COWS? pt Middloo4o M0440Y, AcValiNr P I 1401. 1