The Sun. — London, England, 1856-02-28 00:00:00

THOMAS RAIKES'S JOURNAL. On Thursday. Vols. I. and 11., posCByo., with Portrait, price 21s. APORTION of the JOURNAL kept by THOMAS RAINES, E.q., from 1831 to 1847 : Comprising Reminiscences of Social and Political Life in London and Paris during that period. London : Longman, Brown, Groan, and Longn►ans. SURREY. —ELIGIBLE INVESTMENT.—To be SOLD, the LEASE of an Eight-roomed HOUSE, with back and front Gardens, situated about a mile from the bridges, held at a low ground rent, and let to a highly-respectable tenant. Will be sold a bargain, the money being required in bnslness.—Apply to Mr. John Tozer, auctioneer, 16, Walbrook. PRINCE'S CLIIB RACQUET and TENNIS (BOUNDS.-LGientlemen desirous of bec,oming members are requested to communicate with the Secretary, Mr. PRINCE, 14, Regent-street, Waterloo-place, whe will furnish every information. • THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS FVENING, THE GREAT GUN TRICE. After which, TAKING BY STORM. 7 o c3n:lade with HEY DIDDLE DI:DoLu ; or. Harlequin King Nonsense and the SdPBll Ages of Man. THEATRE ROYAL, HXYMARKET. Unler the Management of Mr. Rtlehetone. THIS EVENING, THE BEAUX' STRATAGEM. Followed by LEND _ME FIVE SHILLINGS. After which the New Comic Christmas Pantomime, entitled TED BUTTERFLY'S BALL AND THE GRASSHOPPER'S FEAST ; or, IlarleguLn and the Genius of the Spring. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-ST RE ZT. Under the Management of Mr. CULL= Kum. THIS EVENING. The Historical Play of LOUTS 11. Louis (King of France), by Mr. Charles Kean. After which, lIA.RLEQUIN AND THE MAID AND THE MAGPIE ; of, the Fairy Parwlisa and Hanky Panky, the Enchanter. llarielnin, Mr. Corrnack ; Clown, Mr. Ilutine; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo; and Columhine, Miss Caroline Adams. TIMATRE ROYAL ADV.:PEEL Proprietor, Mr. B. Veibster.—Directress, Madame Celotto. THIS EVENING. BETSY BAKER. To be bllowed hi THAT BLESSED BABY. To conclude with JACK AYI) THE BEAN STALK; or, harlequin and Mother Goose at nom Mita. In which lkEwan. J. Bland, P. Bedford. Madan Celeste, Wu Wyndham, and Miss Arden will appear. ROYAL. OLYMPIC TEIEATRE. Lessee and Mana;er. Mr. Alfred Wigan. THIS EVENINTi. STAY AT HOME. After which will be produce.' a New ant d.iubly-moral. though a tcanively old, Melodramatic Fairy Extravaganza, entitled 'NM DISC ItEET PRIN7CIF.43; cr, the Three Glass Distaffs. In which Messrs. Emery, F. Robson, H. Cooper, Miss Marstol, ai I Miss Maskell will appear. ROTA!. SIMREY THEATRE. Lessees, - Mes3r3 - . Shepherd and Creswick. THIS EVENING JASPER LANGTON ; or, A Duel to the Death. To conclude with A PRINCE OF PEARLS; or, Harlequin and lane Shore. ROYAL STRAND TREATER. Under the direction of air. Payne. THIS EVENING, PEACE AT ANY PRICE. Followed by TELE RI3I.INCIC After which. LE CEIALE T. To conclude with BLUE JACKETS. ASTLETS RO4AL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Win. Cooke. THIS EVENING, Exemplification of the perfect docility of the horse. in actions closely allied to reason. in anew Grand Oriental Equestrian Spectacle, called THE ARAB OF THE DESERT AND HIS FAITHFUL STEED. The horse trained by Mr. W. Cooke. Alder whicb, the DELINEATIONS of EQUESTRIAN ART in the ARENA. To cenc/nde with IrARL,EQUEN Asn ST. GEORGE AND THE DRAGON; or, the Seven Champions of Christendom. 'rile Performance of the Ifajestic Elephants will take place daring the .Evening, and the ascent from the ring to the stage. To=-o3lce open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. Weit. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, ;an. Eltnii AT OTE.F.T'S SZVES' AGES OF WOMAN. Every Evening at 3, anl on Saturdays at 3. Pronounced by tiro unanimous voice of the Dress, and by nightly Inc-easing audiences, to be the Greatest Artistica' Triumph of the day. Stalls, 33. ; Reserved Seats. 2s. ; Back Seats, Is. SAINT MARTIN'S II .ILL, Long-acro. Rum WATER. AT 11,0gDON BRTDGE. THIS DAY—Morn. 3 min. aft. 5 —.Evening 21 rain. aft. 6 Tn-Sfointow—Morn. 42 miu. aft. 6—Evening 4 min. aft. 7 THE WEATITER-SuN OFFICE, FEE, 28. TH6RIIO3IETER, IN THE SHADE. 53 highest since noon yesterday. 50 —lowest this morning and durLag the night. 40 —this day at noon. BABoxrgra-30 53. WIND, N.- - Light, with dull weather. Tr: I r. t,, 1 6.. ---4 " - '7:',--"!%-.L:w e4(i.'" ` -P Atn , 0 ~. 1 ‘. 1 ,.._. -...- - L?NDOX, TH.URSDAV, FEBRUARY 28, 1856. In another part of this day's impression will be found a copy of the Royal Warrant appointing a Board of General Officers to inquire into the statements contained in the Report of Sir JOHN NP/lerri and Colonel TulLocu, and the evidence appended thereto, affecting certain officers on the General Staff and others in the Army. As to the parties implicated there need not be the slightest reserve or mystery. They have C3lll - of the accusations not preferred against them by the Crimean Commissioners, but found to be fully and completely established. They have demanded further inquiry, and to that they were entitled, but not in the present form. It should have been in such a shape as would, in case of conviction, have insured the punishment of the offenders. A Court-martial er an impeachment would have afforded the required opportunity, of, at the same tires, vindicating their charac ters—and public justice. If innocent, they would have passed more triumphantly through the ordeal. If guilty, the proceeding would not have been altogether vain an useless, for decided action might have followed the verdict. The present course, however,' seems to be neither one thing nor the other. It\is simply giving an additional chance to the accused, of evading the conse quences of their alleged misconduct. The vete ran Generals appointed to the task may be sup posed to regard, in a more favourable light, the peccadilloes of officers of the highest rank and aristocratic position. But another loophole is kept open, in case they should prove as intract able as the member of the preceding commission. They can only make a further report, or a report which, so far as the public are concerned, will mer ely be "to gild refined gold, to paint the lily, or cast a perfume on the violet." In case of its being adverse, there must be a further in vestigation. If otherwise, it will be at once accepted as final and conclusive ; and Sir JOHN W/sTerr, and Colonel Turzomi will be sacrificed as scapegoats, to shield the damaged reputation of men of high rank and considerable political influence. It will be seen that the contemplated proceed ing is not an ordinary military inquiry, which is invariably conducted secretly. It is to all in tents and purposes a Reyal Commission, and, therefore, may be conducted in such manner as the Cormitissioriers think proper. It has already been stated, ex cathedra, that it will be conducted with open doors, and that the evil of secrecy will be carefully avoiilecl. This is, in one respect, as it should be. It will give much greater weight to the decision of gte Generals, when the grounds on which it is based shall also be before the public, so that every man throughout the length and have an opportunity o breadth of the land may judging for himself on authentic data. But it also adds to the indignity inflicted on the pre vious Commissioners, and must render their friends—and all who admire the straightforward manly course which they adopted will be in cluded iu the category—still more indignant at the unmerited slight so unfairly cast upon them. The office of judge will not be a very desirable one, if he be compelled to change places with the criminal, and bound to enter into an elaborate defence of his judgments. The celebrated Judge LYNCH, of Kentucky, was always prepared to fight with revolvers and bowie knives any one who impugned the justice or propriety of his decisions. But he was a man of peculiar tastes, and we could scarcely hope to find persons in these degenerate days, and in the atmosphere of the United King dom, who would accept an arduous and thankless duty, subject to such extraordinary incidents. The inculpated officers, however, were to be saved at any cost, and under any circumstances. The umbra of the Horse. Guards—the shadow that sits behind the seat of the nominal Com mander-in-Chief, antFexercises the patronage of that coveted position—may be desirous of getting rid of the odium that must follow, the heaping of honours and rewards on those deserving very different treatment. But no tricks, however clever, no devices, however ingenious, will divert the public attention or permit the mat ter to be shelved quite so easily as was antici pated. The important question is before Parlia ment, and the representatives of the people of the United Kingdom will speak out fearlessly and intelligibly. At all events, the Fourth Estate will not be gagged ! With a Free Press—such as England may now boast - of—there is no great danger of public opinion being violated with im punity ; attempts may occasionally be made, and parties may suppose that -.the dangerous ex periment has proved successful. But soon©r or later the mistake will be discovered. The gigantic bubble will burst, and the experi mentalists will too late deplore the reckless fatuity that induced them to persevere in the ob jectionable course. The Horse Guards and its irresponsible controller have not of late had any surplus popularity to spare. A little more, and the cup of national indignation will be filled to overflowing. And woe betide those who postpone until too late the submission to the popular will, which can alone obtain impunity for the past and indulgence for the future. It is quite clear that the Horse Guards must be vlaced under some authority responsible to Parliament, and the sooner it be effected the better for all parties concerned. The question of an improved representation of the people in Parliament, absorbed by the deep and general interest felt throughout the three kingdoms in the prosecution of hostilities against Russia—the most wakeful, determined, and powerful enemy *f free institutions in Europe—is likely, before long, to become the absorbing topic of the day, and will, in all probability, have to be entertained in a more liberal spirit than it ever was before. The pressure of taxation has, in all ages, been the chief moving cause of agitation for the re dress of popular grievances, and to such agitation, whatever concessions of popular rights and privi leges have been made, were generally owing, and in no secondary degree has this been the case in this country, where ithe Democracy have vindi cated the claims of their order, if not more strenu ously, certainly more persistently than anywhere else. By no means the most logical, nor the most foreseeing animal in the world, and exhibiting an amount of patience, which, if shown iu meeting or tolerating inevitable, instead of removable, evils, would be sublime, JOHN PULL has been accustomed to carry his ganglion cf political energy perhaps quite as much in his breeches pocket as in his heart or head. Flattered he might be, and that to his hurt, and he would lay the unction to his heart with gratifying. complacency— trifled with he might be, and he would again believe his betrayer—humbugged, to use a vulgar but expres sive phrase, he might be, and he would grumble himself into something considerably short of a mar tyr's sleep ; in either case he would content him self in the long run in forgetfulness. But touch his breeches pocket, tithe his hoarded angels or his annual hundreds, and he stood up at a bound in his defence, and rumbled and threatened like a lion. Of course this description is inapplicable, as every description of national, characteristics must be to all. In almost every period of our history as many foreseeing, enlightened, freedom loving, and chivalrous spirits as ever adorned the annals of any nation since the world began have adorned our own—only, however, to be appreciated, in most instances, in the next generation. Of this characteristic there is, as we have al ready intimated, a strong presumption JoHN BeLL hasnot been deprived; and as with the termination of the War the excitement it occasioned will neces sarily cease, while the expenditure of the War will remain to be met by taxation, he will, if experience is to go for anything, be roused by the pressure, and having the additional stimuli of the gross mismanagement and comparative failure of the War to stir him, will be led to in quire whether he who has to pay the piper would not be all the better if he was a little more a party to State expenditure, and, as the result, come to :he resolution to insist on a greatly en larged suffrage. Already indications of a bias in this direction are perceptible. Pamphlets on the subject of an improved representation begin to make their appearance, and -with the motion of Major REED, despite its want of novelty, fresh indications will probably be forthooming. That gallant officer, it will be seen, intends to ask leave this evening to bring in a bill for the enfranchisement of all who are as sessed for the Income Tax—a movement, as many will believe, in the right direction, and unquestionably in harmony with that principle of our Constitution which associates the right of representation with the assessment of taxation. What the fate of the motion may be we cannot undertake to predict ; but we hope the Ministry will have the good sense not to oppose the intro duction of so reasonable a measure per se, or in, the absence of a more comprehen eve scheme. It is one to which party will have some difficulty to frame an objection undeserving of being characterised as frivolous, and in which those who favour an edt tcational suffrage may fairly be expected to concur., To be Sure assessment to the Income Tax is no absolute proof of knowledge or discre tion, 'Neither is the ability to read and write and reaseat by rote, many who could pass muster under either test being likely to be I:audited under one more stringent ; but it is t a notorious fact that a class, probably man for inferior in point of intelligence and character .to no class in the kingdom, however exalted, the higher, class of employes, such as cOMlDerilial travellers' clerks, &c., as well as professsziona,l4 and others of a like calibre, who live in lod g itigs, and who have to pay a con siderable ►poltion of Income Tax, are excluded from all voico whatever in the repreaentaticn. Who will , undertake to say this is as it should be ? THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING. LATEST NEWS. THE OVERLAND MAIL. TRIESTE, WEDNESDAY EVENING. The steamer Bombay arrived to-day at 4 p.m., in 144 hours from Alexandria. The Indian mail left Alexandria on the 22d Feb., with intelligence from Calcutta to the 24th Jan. ; Bombay, 2d Feb. ; Hong-kong, 15th Jan. ; Shanghai, Bth Jan.; Canton, 12th Jan. Oude is to be annexed, with General Outram as Chief Commissioner. Lord Canning arrived at Bombay on the 28th of January. The banks at Bombay have raised their rates of interest to 12 per cent. At Calcutta the money market has improved, and exchange on London is 2s. There has been a great fire at Macao. Exchange—Canton, 4s. 11d. ; Shanghai, 6s. 9id. BERLIN, FEB. 26. The short duration of tLe armistice creates an unfavourable impression here. Letters from Warsaw state that deliberations have taken place under the presidentship of Prince Gortsehakoff, relative to the military reorganisa tion of Poland. Letters from officers of the German Foreign Legion in the service of England state, that notice had been given them that everything was ready for their departure for the Crimea. VIENNA, FEB. 26. Our money market was exceedingly firm to day, in consequence of the announcement in the Moniteur that an armistice had been agreed to. All kinds of securities were in request. TURIN, FEB. 26. General La Marmora set out to-day for the Crimea. The Aftombladet, of Stockholm, of the 12th of Feb., says that a committee formed under the Pre sidency of the Prince Royal, is formed to propose a plan for the fortification of the Swedish capital, on an immense scale, embracing the valley of the Maeler River. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY. There has been no meeting of the Congress to. day. There will be one to-morrow. Isis Excellency Lord Cowley will probably leave Paris for London on Saturday. Should he do so it is for the purpose of receiving instructions on some difficulties which are expected to occur at the Congress, and then return for the sitting on the following Monday. The letter of the Times' Paris correspondent, dated yesterday, 6 p.m., says : " The second sitting of the Congress, which was believed to be fixed for to-day, has not taken place. This fact has given rise to a variety of rumours, whi?,li I believe to be unfounded, because of the strict obligation of silence in all that relates to the pro:42diugs of the Congress imposed on its mem bers. A week at least before the Conferences opened I mentioned that the sittings would not follow each other consecutively day after day ; and that two, three, and perhaps more days might very probably intervene between two sittings. Neither are these sittings fixed beforehand for par ticular days in each week. They depend a good deal on the progress of the negotiations, and are determined by the Pleniopotentiaries them selves. The ( .).nistitationnel is therefore mistaken in saying that the Congress would invariably meet three times a week. The members do not know till the close of each sitting the particular day or hour at which the next will be held. With respect to the issue of the negotiations I can add nothing to what I have already said. The public is full of expectation that peace must come of them, and there are few who venture to affirm the contrary. Many chances are in its favour, of that there is no doubt ; but until six or eight days of conferenv pass over it would be hazardous to affirm anything positively." The Union, contains the following :—" Some de tails have been communicated to us concernin g the concert of Count Walewski, at which all the plenipotentiaries were present. Count Orloff, with the ease of a grand Russian nobleman, and with that elegance of manner which seems so charming when allied with military bearing, con versed readily with the various groups which in succession collected round him. After the count, one of the high personages who most attracted notice was the Grand Vizier, Aali-Pacha, the Turkish representative. He is a man of delicate appearance, apparently in not very strong health, awl presented a striking contrast with the tall, manly, and animated figure of the Russian envoy. But his intelligent and keen glance, his strongly marked feature, and his severe physiognomy, give evidence of a resolute and energetic character. Count de Cavour also attracted much attention. He is a man of middle stature, rather stout, with features remarkable for their frankness and open ness, and over which a smile loves to play. Turn ing to another class of guests, we may state that Geus. Canrobert and Bosquet were much observed. The concert took place in the gallery in which the statue of Napoleon 111. stands, and from that apartment the guests could enter freely into the other rooms of the long suite thrown open on the occasion. Every one examined with curiosity the Salon des Ambassadeurs, in which the sittings - of the congress take place. The crowd circulated round the table in the centre, reading the names of the several powers written in pencil on a, sheet of paper, placed before the seat which each repre sentative occupies. It was then easy to see that the accounts given in some of the public journals of the position of the powers were incorrect. The real place of each is this :—The French plenipoten tiaries are in the centre, the English representa tives on the right, and the Austrian on the left ; next to the English are the Russian Envoys, and next to the Austrian the Turks ; the Sardinians are between the Turks and the Russians. At the concert, although not a word was spoken by the plenipotentiaries to infringe the secrecy which they are bound to observe, the features of all of them bore that look of satisfaction which would imply that all was going on smoothly towards the re establishment of peace." A letter from the Paris correspondent of the Independance , of Brussels says :—" I have just read a letter addressed to a member of the Legislative Body by the Archbishop of Avignon, in which I find an interestin g piece of news. The archbishop has arrived from Rome, and, before quitting that city, he went to take leave of the Pope, who told him that he should visit France in case a Prince was born to the Emperor. Pius IX. promised that, should he take the journey, he would stop two days at Avignon, after which he would proceed to Paris to baptise the Imperial child. The letter in which the archbishop announces this news is written with a feeling of great satisfaction." BOURSE, Feb. 27.—The following were the closing quotations : _ Crib. fr. s. End of Month. 4i per Cents ' 96 --f. —a. 3 per Cents 73 73 5 New Loan. 74 Bank Shares 3,455 Roman Credit Mobilier 1,537 50 Austrian Belgian Fives 96l— Spanish Threes...... 7, Piedmontese (5) . B9 Home Debt .......« 361 RAILWATB-46R CASE. _____. _ ___ _— fr. c. fr. C. Orleans 1,265 Western B7O Northern Lyons Mediterranean 1,46 0 Grand Centra: 645 Lyons Geneva 757 50 Teste Cette AUSTRIA. " We are assured," says a Vienna letter of the 23d, in the German Journal of Frankfort, " that despatches have been received bore from Count Buol, which express the fullest confidence that the approaching conferences will be brought to a satis factory conclusion. It is said also in the diplomatic circles of this city that the instructions to the Russian plenipotentiaries leave them so much lati tude that it is scarcely possible for the conferences to terminate without the desired result." A letter from Vienna, in the Breslau Gazette, says:—"The question of the Th is inubian Principali ties one of the great difficulties of the conferences of Paris. Three opinions are in presence—Austria desires that the status quo he maintained ; Turkey is in favour of the hereditary succession of the Hospodars ; and the Western Powers think that there ought to be only one hereditary prince under the suzerainty of the Porte.' There is to be a railroad congress here nex4 week, to which the Minister of Finance has invited the representatives of the various forei4n com panies which have expressed .a desire to invest their capital in Austrian, Austro-Italian, and Hungarian railways. The Credit Bank will natu rally also be represented, as Baron Bruck never neglects any opportunity of giving to that highly favoured establishment a chance of employing its capital to advantage. The Credit Bank has taken shares in the Empress Elizabeth or Vienna-Salz burg Railway to the amount of 20,000,000f1., but the Administrative Council has resolved not to dis tribute more than 6,000,000f1. among the holders of the Credit Bank shares. The proportion will be one railroad share to 10 Credit Bank shares, but such a high value is already attached to the former that the latter have within the last 21 hours risen some 12 per cent. The remaining Vienna Salz burg Railroad shares, to the amount of 14,000,000f1., will for the moment remain in the coffers of the Credit Bank. It is stated that a syndicate is to be formed by the grantees of the Vienna- Salzburg Railroad and the Credit Bank, whose duty it will be to see that the market is not glutted with the 'shares. Soon after the Credit Bank commenced its operations, the founders sold almost all their shares at a profit of 12 to 15 per cent. ; but many of them have been glad to pay a remium of 50 per cent. in ordor to get them back again. It is thought that Baron Bruck would do well to endeavour to check rather than to encourage the spirit of speculation which now prevails, or rather rages, for if the peace conferences should prove a failure there would be a regular financial crisis here. The shares of the Vienna-Linz Railroad Corn panyhave not yet been issued, but they are already at 26 per cent. premium. THE DANUBE. Several attempts have been made to blast the rocks in the bed of the Danube at the so-called " Iron Gate," but there is reason to fear that the operations of the engineers have not been attended with any great success. Major Dement, of the En gineers, has been sent to examine the Sulina mouth of the Danube, and be is believed to have received orders to draw up a plan for the removal of the sand. The navigation of the Upper Danube has undergone. a great improvement, for in future the Bavarian steamers will transport goods direct to Vienna and Pesth, and the vessels of the Austrian Steam Company will take goods on to Passau, Rat isbon, Ar,c. In short, there will be no relading, as has hitherto been the case. RUSSIA. VIENNA, Feb. 23.—As the representatives of the Powers are just about to decide on the all-impor tant question of peace or war, there could not be a more fitting moment for communicating seine in formation respecting Russia that is contained in an interesting, but marvellously ill-arranged article, which has just proceeded from the pen of Baron you Reden, a well-known writer on statistics and political economy. The Imperial domains of Rus sia, he says, are about three times and a half as large as the empire of France, and their population consists of 8,825,958 males and 9,312,326 females. It has been calculated that on an average 502 persons inhabit an area of five English square miles. The services rendered to the State by the 18,138,284 "domain peasants" during the year 1853 were as follows :—Of the 8,825,958 males about 1,000,000 may be fit to ren der military service, but as the " conscription" in 1853 extended but to 5,500,000 males, only 55,263 soldiers were actually raised. If 10 able-bodied men were taken from every 1,000 "souls" through out the whole of the European part of the Russian empire, there ought to be about 150,000 recruits ; but M. von Reden very justly remarks that the re sult of a general conscription is never what it ap pears to be on paper. In 1853 the gross revenue from the State domains was 48,694,069 silver roubles. The number of domain or Crown peasants was 20,252,000 in 1843, but M. von Reden has omitted to tell us why the population had within 10 years (between 1843 and 1853) decreased to 18,138,284 souls. THE PENINSULAR MAIL. SOUTEA.MPTOIi, Feb. 27.—This day at noon the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-ship Tagus, Captain Weeks, arrived in charge of Lieut. Darby, R.N. The dates of sailing were—Gibraltar, Feb. 18 ; Cadiz, 20 ; Lisbon, 22 ; Oporto and Vigo, 23. The Tagus brings 15 first-class, 11 second class, and 10 deck passengers ; also 15 packages of specie (value 5,8741.), and on freight 80 boxes of eggs, 6 casks of wine, 4 boxes of indigo, 30 ditto dates, 172 elephants' tusks, 2 casks of brandy, 291 boxes of chesnuts, 2 ditto lants, 324 ditto oranges, and 25 packages of sundries. Her Majesty's ship Ariel, and the transports Nos. 215, 209, 240, and 140 were at Gibraltar. Al Lisbon her Majesty's ship St. George, the float ing battery Glatton, and the steam-transport Europa. On the 22d inst. the Tagus passed the company's steam-ship Sultan, with the outward Peninsular mails, steaming up the Tagus ; and, on the 26th, the steam-transport Charity steering up channel. BRAZILS. LISBON', Feb 22.—The Luso-Brazilian steamer Don Pedro 11. arrived here on the 21st inst. Her dates are—Rio de Janeiro, J:.n. 20 ; Bahia and Pernambuco, Jan. 30 ; bt. Vincent, Feb. 10 ; Madeira, Feb. 19. She encountered very bad weather en the voyage. At Rio the cholera was still raging, and the deaths were averaging 10 daily ; the same state of things prevailed at Bahia and Pernambuco and the other provinces. There had been a great flatness in the coffee market since the Avon's departure, the sales only reaching 6,000 bags. The exchange transactions were small ; the total on London about 80,0001., principally at 27, at which rate the last transactions were done. In stocks and freights there was litle doing. The rates of exchange were :--London, 27i 5 ; to 27 1 7 ; Paris, 342 to 348; Hamburg, 645. News of a day'slater date had reached from Monte Video by an American brig. She, however, brought neither letters nor papers, but merely the report that a great revolt was shortly expected to take place. A ° Rio joureal publishes an artiole on the subject of the commun'eation with the River Plate, in the course of which the writer alluded to the British packet service on that route, and while giving all credit to the company for what has been done, re grets that they do not afford better facilities to commerce, and suggests that the voyage 3 should be made more frequently and opportunely. At Bahia exchanges' were effected at 28; to 28. E on London. At Pernambuco, the exchange was quoted—Lon don, 28i to 281 ; Paris, 348 rs. per fr. A great deal of rain had fallen, which caused sugars to be very damp, and storekeepers were pressing sales, but the prices still kept up. The British brig of war Express had sailed for Rio de Janeiro. The American barque Shooting Star, bound with oil to New York from the Sandwich Islands, had called for provisions, and on sailing had struck on the rocks of Gale, opposite the bar of Goranna, forty miles from Pernambuco, where she was still hard ashore. The Brazilian shareholders in the Luso-Brazilian Steam Ship Company had held a meeting at Rio, and among other -things the following resolutions were approved, viz., to carry on the line, to re move the seat of direction to Brazil, and to con struct a third steamer. A letter from Rio states that the party of Rosas, which actually dominates in Monte Video, were shortly expecting the return of their chief. The Opinione of Turin of the 25th mentions a slight agitation which, it appear 4, manifested itself a few days before among the soldiers of the Anglo- Italian Legion of Novara, iu consequence of a rumour, spread by some malicious persons of an insurrection having broken out at Milan, and of the forming of a legion there with better pay. The military authorities of Novara hating taken pro per precautions no disturbance ensued. "Accounts from Port-au-Prince of the Gth ult. confirm," says the Coarrier des Etats Unis, " the re-appearance of the Emperor Faustin I. at Cape Haytien. In order to avenge his defeat he has caused Generals Toussains, Canistre, and a third, whose name is not given, to be shot. Several officers of inferior rank have also been executed, all of them having been accused of treason and connivance with the enemy. No insurrectional movement has taken place in the empire, but it is thought that Sonlouque will abandon the idea of re-opening the campaign against the Dominicans, in order to occupy himself with re-establishing his authority, which has been much shaken by the late events.' THE STEAMER IRON AGE.—On the 21st of Feb. an English steamer appeared off Toulon, making signals of distress. The maritime prefect sent to the aid of this vessel the Vigilant, which took her in tow, and brought her into the Little Roadstead. The steamer is the Iron Age, transport, No. 53, bound for London, with her ma• oh nery dieabled. - ; FEBRUARY 2, 4 , 1856, THE DANISH SUCCESSION. A Parliamentary return has been issued, in com pliance with an address of the House of Commons, which contains a copy of the protocol of Warsaw, relative to the Danish Succession, and of the renewal of that document by Russia in 1852. In the protocol the two CoUrts of Copenhagen and St. Petersburg agree " That his Majesty the King of Denmark shall designate the Prince and Princess of Glucksbourg conjointly as heirs presumptive of his crown in case the male liue of the dynasty ac tually reigning should become extinct." The re newal of the treaty in 1852 is contained in the fol lowing : TRANSLATION OF A NOTE ADDRESSED BY BARON BRU NOW TO THE MINISTER FOR DENMARK. London, April 26 and May 8, 1852. The undersigned, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of his M.,jesty the Emperor of all the Rue sias, to her Britannic Majesty, having been authorised to sigh the treaty concluded this day conjointly with his Ex cellency the Chamberlain de Bille, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of his Majesty the King of Denmark, has been ordered to transmit to him at the same time the present note, for the purpose of recalling and re newing the reserves contained in the Protocol of Warsaw of May 24 and June 5; 1851; which, after having received the sanction of his Majesty the Emperor of all the hus sies, and of his Majesty the King of Danmark, was con veyed to the knOwledge of the Cabinets who have signed the present treaty. The third paragraph of the protocol above-mentioned is worded in these terms " Wishing on his part to complete the' titles resulting from the renunciations, and thus to effoct an arraagement which would be of such high importance for the mainte nance of the Danish monarchy in its integrity, his Majesty the Emperor Of all the Russias, as chief of the elder branch of Holstein Gottorp, would be ready to renounce the eventual rights which belong td him iu favour of Prince Christian of Glucksbourg, and of his male lineage. " Nevertheless, it is understood that the eventual rights of the two younger branches of Holstein Gottorp should be expres-ly reserved. " That those which the august chief of the elder branch should abandon for himself, and for his male iineage, in fa vour of Prince Christian of Glucksbourg, and of his male lineage, should be revived in the Imperial House of Russia whenever (which God forbid) the male lineage of that Prince should become extinct. " That inasmuch as the renunciation of his Majesty the Emperor would principally have for its object to facilitate an arrangement called for by the chief interests of the mo narchy, the offer of such a renunciation would cease to ba obligatory, if the arrangement itself should fail." In renewing, by order of his Government, the reserves above mentioned, The Undersigned, Sce. THE FIRST MEETING OF THE PLENI -I'OTENTIARIES. Our Path correspondent thus describes the circum stances under which the Conference assembled on Mon day : " The Parisian public exhibited no great curiosity to see the plenipotentiaries, for the 'number of spectators as sembled in front of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at one o'clock was not greater than that which a respectable Punch and Judy show will attract any day in the week. Of the few assembled the greater part were nursery-maids, washerwoman, and 'long shore men, whose ideas of the functions of plenipotentiaries must ba of the vaguest. The sergens do ville on duty seemed quite disappointed at see ing so few people, for they rated those few for the mere sake, apparently, of showing their authority, and dislodged them repeatedly, in a most unnecessary manner. from the position they had taken up to see the great men arrive. It was supposed that the plenipotentiaries would arrive in great state, dressed in court suits, and escorted by guards of honour. But this was not so. At precisely three minutes past one a modest looking brougham, scarcely remarked till it was within 4 - few yards of tae Ministry, drove into the front gate, and halted at the foot of the grand staircase. The carriage contained the Sardinian plenipotentiaries, Count Cavour and the Marquis Villama rina. A single chasseur was their only attendant. They, like all the plenipotentiaries who followed, were dressed in plain morning costume. As they ascended the stair case, a squadron of M. Walewski's footmen, who were on the look out, threw wide open the glass doors, and the Piedmonteso representatives entered the hotel the first. A few minutes afterwards came Turkey—Aali Pacha, the Grand Vizier, and Mehemet Bey were dressed just like Europeans, except that they wore of course the inevitable rLd fez. The Grand Vizier wore a Lama, that might have been bought in Regent-street. England and Austria fol lowed very shortly afterwards, in remarkably unpretending carrisges. There was then a pause of several minut s. People began to ask whether Russia would not find some excuse not to come. But at a quarter past one a handsome carriage, with two chasseurs behind it, drove up at a rapid p see, containing the Russian plenipotentiaries. Count Orloff stepped out first, and, although he is 70 years of ap, ran up the steps like - a boy. I had an opportunity of sieing him well, for when he arrived on the top landinc , he took off his hat as if to return the salute of the servant; in waiting, and then turned round to see what bad become of his colleague. Baron de Brunow got out of the carriage very slowly. His face was enveloped in au ample com forter;. he walked up the stairs with a somewhat faltering step, and his spare and bent form presented a striking con trast to that of his coadjutor. Count Orloff is a wonder ful-looking man for his age. Ho is of large siz , 3, very erect, and his countenance denotes robust health and great resolution. He has a very large head, covered with iron grey hair, cropped close. The expression of his features is quite Calmuck, but as he smiled at Baron Brunow slowly mounting the stairs after him, ha had a good-natured look." —Daily News. CITY SEWERS. The members assembled for the despatch of business. Deputy PEACOCK in the chair. Mr. Dam (the chief clerk), presented the annual state ment of the meeting and other details connected with the business of the Court. From that statement it appeared that 123 meetings had been hell during the year ; that 2,320 applications of various kinds, chiefly for the removal of dust and ashes, and for cleansing gullies, drains, &c., had been made; that 2,111 notices had been served upon persons to execute various sanitary works on their pre mises ; and that 6,459 houses had been inspected for those purposes by the inspectors. The statement was ordered to be entered on the minutes. Mr. T. H. HALL drew the atteution of the Court to the correspondence with Lord de Ros and the Hon. C. Gore upon the subject of opening Potern-row, and George-street, Tower-hill, and sail that houses beloneng to her Majesty's Commissioners of Woods and Works, there situate were being at the present time pulled down, as was promised by Mr. Gore in last June; and it was ordered that the sur veyorcom to unicate with the sat horities thereupon, and carry into effect the improvement as speedily as possible. THE. CITY CEMETERY. On the motion of ?dr. ABRAHAM, the fees and rules of the cemetery at Little Ilford were referred for recommen dation and revision, in some particulars, to the Improve ment Committee; and it was stated that the difficulties in the way of consecration of the land were now all removed, and in all probability the cemetery would be opened in about a fortnight. WORKS EXECUTED DURING THE YEAR. Mr. Haywood (the engineer to the commissioners) laid before the Court a long report. The following are extracts from sonic of the most important points : " The length of sewer within the City district is about 41A miles. The works of under-piercing and inverting the Fleet sewer were completed in the month of April. The Tower dock outlet has been continued by an iron culvert to below low-water line in the river. The works for the closing of the Puddle dock outlet have been completed, and the whole of the sewage formerly discharged by that sewer now discharges by the Paul's-wharf outlet. The slaughter-houses and lodging-houses continuo the same in number as last year." With respect to the smoke nuisance the engineer observes—" It has been only found needful to serve notice upon one proprietor of furnaces during the year. The consumption of smoke is indeed tolerably well effected within your jurisdiction as a whole, but there is still roam for amendment in sorneinstances. The improve ments in the means of accomplishing this now deprive the owners of furnaces, with few exceptions, of alleging as ex cuse that it cannot effectually be done. It may be a sub ject of vast satisfaction to your hon. commission that, as the City. of London was the first section of the metropolis in which measures for general sanitary improvements were carried out, so also it was the first district in which the consumption of opaque smoke from furnaces was effected, and that by you were commenced the measures for the ab am:tent of a nuisance of which the metropolis is now greatly relieved, and which, from my own personal obser• NT:llion, I believe to have resulted in a perceptible and sen sible improvement in the London atmosphere at. all times and seasons. With regard to the practise of intramural interments within your jurislictiou, the last of the City churchyards is now closed, the labours of the commission, so far as they consist in providing a substitute for them, are approaching to a termination by the completion of the City of London Cemetery at Itford." The report was ordered to be printel and circulated among the members. DRAM OF REAR-ADMIRAL GODBY. Retired Rear-Admiral J .hn Hardy Godby (1850) died, on the 25th inst., at Surbiton, Kingston-on Thames. This officer was son of the late John G elby, E-q., steward of the Royal Hsspital, Greenwich, and cousin of Captain John Duff Marklancl, R.N. We extract the folio Nine account of his services from O'Byrne's Naval Biography : " This officer entered the navy June 23, 179 4 , on board the Monarch, 74, Captain John Cooke, bearing the flag at Newfoundland of Sir Jas. Wallace. On next joining, as midshipman, the Liebe, 33, Capt. Paul Mm chin, he assisted, in company with the Melanipus, at the capture, July 3, 1795, of six out of 13 French vessels, laden with military stores, and convoytd by a ship of 26 guns, a lugger, and also by two armed brigs, one of which, La V6.suve, was likewise taken. Until pro moted to, the rank of lieutenant, October 15, 1800, we next find Mr. Godby successively serving in the Tourterelle, Captain John Cooke ; Seahorse, 38, Captain John Peyton ; La Nymphs, 36 , Cap tains J. Cooke and Percy Fraser; Royal George, 100, flag ship of Lord Bcidport , and Amet hyst, 36 , Captain J. Cooke. Ls Nyrnplie, during the period of his attachment to her, took, in company with the San Fiorenco, 36, the French frigates La Resistance, of 48, and La Constance, of 24 g uns, March 9, 1797. After serving nearly five years as lieutenant on the Mediterra nean, Newfoundland, and home stations, in the Esperi nient, Captain John Saville ; Athunienne, 64, Captain Sir Thomas Livingstone ; Lapwing frigate, Captains Alex: Skene and Francis Wm. Fans ; and Boadicea, 38, Captain John Maitland, Lieutenant Godby was pro rooted to commanders rank by commission, dated Sept. 25, 1806. His subsequent appointments were, in 1808.9, to the Rollo, Trompeuse, and Prospero sloops ; in the latter of which he destroyed a Danish privateer cutter, of 2 guns and 25 men, near Christiansand, on the coast of Norway, Feb. 17i 1811. He continued in the Pros pero until his advancement to post rank June 27, 1814 ; and on Oct. 1, 1846, he accepted the retire ment," PRER9GATIFE OF TEE PRESIDE .NT OF THE UNITED STATES. It is not unnecessary clearly to define a matter which, from the daily discourse upon American affairs, ought to be thoroughly understood ; for it is our habit in this country to speak very freely of matters which we often but partially understand. The President is the deposi tary of the executive power of the States. Bath he and the Vice-President, who is ex officio President of the Senate, and who succeeds bin, should he die during his term of office, are elected for four years by the electors, who meet within their respective States, and vote for them by ballot. The list of votes in each State is for warded, under seal, to the President whose term is ex• piring, and who, having opened them, declares his suc cessor. The President is assisted in the government by a Cabinet, clnsisting of fire heads of departments and an attorney-general, all of whom hold office during his plea sure. The various departments are—those of the State, embracing home and foreign affairs, the Trektury De partment, superintending all fiscal affairs of the Govern• merit, and all matters relating to the regulati , n and inn prevenient of the revenue ; the War Department, su perintending every branch of military aflars ; the ercctiou of fortifications ; • the making of topographical surveys, &c. ; the Navy Department, and the General Post-office. The President is, moreover, Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States, when called into active ser vice. He has also the power to make treaties, provided two thirds of the Senate concur. He appoints the officers of state, ambassadors, consuls, and judges of the supreme courts ; he receives foreign ambassadors, and can grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the 'United States, except in cases of impeachment. The refusal of Washington and Jefferson—the first and third Presidents of the great A merican Republic—to be elected a third time, has had the effect of establishing it as a rule that no President shall hold office for inure than tw , terns. Under the first and second Presidents—Wash ington and Adams, both Federalists—the Republic way be said to have been consolidated. Under Jr-fferson— the leader of the Democrats, and dismissed by Washing ton from the office of Secretary at War on account of his extreme opinions—it commenced the extension of its territory, which it has punu,d with such tenacity and success to the present time.—Morning Advertiser. PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES. COMMITTEE ON THE ADULTERATION OF FOOD, DRINKS AND DRUGS.—This committee, le-appointed from las session, re-assembled yesterday, for the first time, to continue thtir inquiry —Mr. Seholefield in the chair The other members being L:-)rd Goderich, Lori C. Ha milton, Mr. Wyse, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Lockart, Mr Gregson, Mr. Moffatt, Mr. Peacocke, and Mr. Swift. Dr. Taylor, the well-known analytical chemist, under went a long examination. It was for the committee to determine whether the remedy for adulteration rested with the Legislature or the public. The quack medicines so largely sold in the present day contained very drastic purgatives,' and as they were frequently used indiscri minately for all diseases, were very injurious to health. He was of opinion that the adoption of the French sys tem in cases of detected adulteration would be desirable, as well as the establishment of a central board in Lon don for general public supervision. Mr. Alison, an ex tensive tea merchant, established for upwards of twenty years in Gracechurch-street, deposed to a belief that the ,tate►nents made before the committee last se-lion were itirely untrue and got up ; that tea was generally pure ; and that he would challenge the previous witnesses to produce two pounds cf adulterated tea in the town. It was ail assumption to say that sugar was adulterated to the extent of ten per cent. COMMITTEE ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PUBLIC PRO SECUTOR.—This committee, re-appointed from last ses sion, to consider the expediency of establishing a Minister of Justice, met, but did not make a quorum. ST. PANCRAS WORKHOUSE. During the past month Dr. Bence Jones, accompanied by one of the inspectors under the Poor Law Board, has been making a searching investigation into the condition of the above workhouse and the general treatment of the poor. The ordinary meeting of the parish authorities was held yesterday in the Courthouse, King's-road, Camden-town, Mr. Henry Farren, F.S.A., senior churchwarden, in the chair. The following communication was read by Mr. C. Hibbard, the clerk : "Poor Law Board, Whitehall, Feb. 25. " Sir,--I am directed by the Poor Law Board to refer you to their letter of the Ist of January, 1836, in which they informed you that they had thought it necessary, under the powers conferred upon them by the 10th and 11th of Victoria, chap. 109, sect. 22, and with the consent of the Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury to appoin Dr. Bence Jones to act as an Inspector of Poor Laws for a period of 30 days, for the purpose of conducting a special inquiry into the condition of the workhouse of the parish of St. Pancras, with reference more particularly to th e num b er of persons at the workhouse can properly accommodate. "Dr. Benco Jones, having completed the necessary in spections and investigations, has made his report to the Poor Law Board, and, I am directed to forward to you, for the directors of the poor, the six copies which accom pany this letter. "I am directed to request the immediate attention of the directors to the statements of the report, and to ex press the desire of the Poor Law Board that measures may, without delay, be taken, calculated to remedy the serious evils adverted to in it. "I am further to request that you will inform the Poor Law Board of the proceedings which the directors take upon the receipt of this letter, and of the remedial measures which they propose to adopt. " I am, Sir, &c., " COURTENAY, Secretary. "To the Clerk to the Directors of the Poor, St. Pancras." The report, which occupies 13 page; describes the state of the workhouse to be highly unsatisfactory. There are 300 more in the house than there were in 1846. The wards are described as being offensive, and almost without ventilation. n four of the six principal wards there was a draught of air from without, passing through the privy into the ward. The medical officer is reported to have stated that the crowding of the wards accounted for the slowness of the recovery of many patients. On one occasion 10 male pa tients and two women were lying on the floor. Mr. Carter, the senior-surgeon, states that the ground-floor infirmary had been so offensive that he considered that certain dis eases, ulcerative stomatitis and dysentery, causing death in some cases, had resulted, and that in the boys' infirmary he (Jr. Carter) had been nauseated by the offensiveness proceeding from the ward. The total number of sick is so great that the infirmaries aro incapable of containing them, and they are consequently put wherever room can be foiled, the result being great confusion. In the women's receiv ing and casual ward as many as 80 and upwards slept nightly. In order to test the purity of the air, directions were given that the windows were not to be opened. This was disobeyed, the inmates declaring that if they had not opened the windows they would have been stifled. Omit ting the children, the average space was 164 cubic feet per person. The air contained 1.14 per cent. of carbonic acid. Both the medical officers of the workhouSe stated that the offensiveness of their wards was excessive, and that fever had been the result. Phillips, the puree, had seen seve ral persons made ill by the foulness of the room, and she herself had suffered from it. The rooms were so crowded that many had no beds or even ticks to sleep on, so they bad to lie on the floor, the table, or forms. The occa sional ventilation in some of the wards, by opening the windows, alone prevented the inmates dying of suffixation. In the men's casual ward. it is reported by the surgeons that ten men had passed the night lying naked as close as pos sible, on one of the planks. The stench in the night-nul•see' sleeping-room is described by Mrs. Gray as terrible. Test ing the air, it was found to contain 2.75 per cent. of car bonic acid. In the infant nursery Di. Jones found in bed 25 mothers and 30 children. from 10 months to five weeks old. The room was very offensive, and contained nearly 2 per cant, of c trbonic acid. Diseases of the digestive c.rgae s and meeenteric disease were prevalent. The children's bed room is similarly described :—there had been eight chil dren, between one and seven years old, sleeping in one bed, 4ft. 6in. broad, and sft. Gin. long ; and that cutaneous disease had spread from the closeness of the children. The men's day-rooms and insane wards are described as being fearfully overcrowded. One sleeping apartment is described as a cellar, where 15 persons sleep. There was no chimney to the room, and no means of ventilation, except one small window in the door. The report adds—" The place was fit for a coal-hole, but not for human beings to sleep in. The laundry ie formed out of a cell on the other side of the passage. How the reonired work can be, done in this place I cannot comprehend. Oa the same level under ground was a low long room seven feet two in. high, containing :32 sleepers." The arrangement for the adrai eistration of out-door relief is depicted• as most defective. As many as 90d are sometimes relieved in one clay. The applicants are crowded into pens, the air being most offen sive, frequently causing women to faint. "At half-past 5 o'clock as many as 150 still remained unrelieved. They had no food all day. and many of them stated that they di4 not expect any until 7 o'clock. Mr. Birchinore, the relieving overseer, states that his predecessor died from the effects of the foul air of this underground office, into which the directors were unwilling to comp. Dr. Jones adds—" cannot _sufficiently strongly express the opinion I have formed of the evils which result from the cold, wet, foul air, and fasting which the poorendure. While endeavouring to obtain out-door relief, they are exposed to disease, and even to death." C " Such a st a t e o f thi ngs oug h t no t to b e tolerated by the Government." The report concludes by recommending that the out-door relieving officers should be removed at once. Immediate steps ehou'al also be taken to prevent the crowded state of the house by removing the schools. The arrangement by which the casual women are mixed with those waiting for admission into the workhouse in the receiving wards is most likely to introduce and keep up an outbreak of low fever. These wards should be im mediately separated. It is very desirable that an entirely new budding should be made for an infirmary, where the access of foul air would be prevented. The collars for out door relief aro described as the worst part of the work house. It is fortunate that death has not taken place among the poor in them. "That disease and death has come out of them is certain, and, although everything has been done that can be done, I know no word more suited to them than horrible.' " Mr. W. D. COOPER remarked, that although Mr- Beu verie had stated in the House of Commons on Friday that, this report had been forwarded to the directors of the poor' of St. Pancras, they did not receive it until that morning, the letter accompanying the document being dated the 25th. There was no denying the fact that in the main the report, though very painful, was correct. Ho therefore moved that the letter be entered on. the minutes, and that it, the report, and the report of the vestry committee ou the state of the workhouse, be referred to a committee of five... Mr. F. T. STREETEN seconded the motion. The resolution was carried, and the board broke up. Major-General Sir J. F. Love, the Lieut.-Governor of Jersey, suddenly left that island for England last week, in consequence of a despatch received from the Govern ment. _ _.. HANOVER.—The Hanoverian Cabinet has survived its recent crisis, the Ministers who had proposed to secede having been induced to retain their portfolios. A decree convoking the Legislative Chambers for the 2d of April next bears the signatures of all the members of the Go vernment. THE WENSLEYriA ,E PEERAGE. ( Prom the Times of this day.) The Peers of England are reconciled, and the Hodse of Lords, no longer torn by contending factions, resumes its ease and its good humour. Lord Granville acquiesces in the decision of the Committee of Privileges, and will divide no more. Lord Campbell assures the house that lie is Do longer pugnacious, and, believing himself vic torious, is, with his natural and unsophisticated simplicity,,anxious for peace. Lord Derby wishes Lord Wensleydale to be made an hereditary peer, but admits that he can see advantages in a peerage for life ; his doubt is whether a life peerage be a sufficient honour for eminence in any professional department. Men of literature and science are too much absorbed in their pursuits, soldiers and, sailors would disdain the honour, lawyers in full practice could not afford to accept it, and it would tend rather to the length than to the intelligence of the debates. He is afraid of being lawyer-ridden hut let him dismiss the apprehension from his mindt for recent events have shown that it is the pride and happiness of lawyer peers to bow their shoulders to the litter in which hereditary nobility is borne rather than aspire to assert the claims of learning and intellect over the pretensions of birth and wealth. Lord-Wensleydale is not to intrude upon this newly-established harmony, and Lord Campbell will be spared the pain of ordering the room to be cleared and appealing to physical force, in order to vindicate on the person of an old colleague of the bench his own view of the law. In imitation of the plenipotentiaries, the peers have proclaimed an armistice, and glad indeed should we be could we hope this armistice might lead to the rectifica' tion of the boundary which separates modern usur pation from antiquated prerogative. We ventured from the first to anticipate that all this noise and fury, this ransacking of ancient pre cedents, and keeping the house up till midnight, would end without establishing any right, without settling any principle, without increasing any reps' tation, and without exciting any violent public in' terest. The squabble has been the topic of the day, but neither side has succeeded in enlisting ile its favour popular sympathies, and the people have looked on with wonderful complacency and quietude h:le oue branch of the Legislature has been de poiling tle other of its sights. But, the shale. :ontest being over, the real difficulty succeeds, nd the House of Lords finds that the struggle 0 0 the Wensleydale peerage has only opened the way to a much more serious question—the apPel' late jurisdiction of the house. The peers mat iticceed in excluding everything except wealth from their political arena, but they must not any longer trifle with the sacred trust they bear as administrators of public justi ce . O n this point they begin to perceive that the public Is entirely in earnest, and that the dream of Lord Lyndhurst, that after having, by whatever means, got rid of peerages for life, things would return to their old state, is as unreal as those hallucination s that made him during his long political life the constant adversary of reforms ho was obliged to adopt, and the unwearied advocate of abuses be was compelled to surrender. The house was about to take measures for reforming its appellate juris diction. It is a wise resolution, and one whicu. they cannot too speedily or too effectually earl out. They have, ended where we imagine they should have begun, and have now at last got into t train of thought which may, if car e fully follows' out, lead to great advantage to the public a nd t? themselves. The appellate jurisdiction cant)" possibly remain in its present state. The committe e about to be appointed must not delude themselves with the notion that trivial changes will do. It ie simply ridiculous to suppose that any eatisfactori, tribunal can be made by a m ere reconstruction of the old materials. The house has not suffisien r power and weight, and- no mere re - a ll oca tion parts will suffice` to give it. Assistance must be sought from without, for it is quite clear that the hereditary peerage will never supply lawYer e enough for a good Court of Appeal, and the 0 " periment of life peerages is, we may presume v say, not likely to be repeated. This b e ing so, °I / house must seek for the elements of a Court o f Appeal in some other body than its own. ' The horror of admitting lawyers —an act of IV gratitude in return for the efforts they have re' i cently made on behalf of the peerage, of whi e , they are the humble admirers—seems universs! , and Lord Lansdowne and Lord Derby, agreeing 111 nothing else, combine in their desi re t o exclude 7, much as possible these faithful and valuable an liaries from the house. Then. there is the realm' proposed in the House of Commons, which C 0 , 41- sists in giving th e j u d ges o f l aw and equip votes on appeals ; in other w or d s , i n cre ating them a Court to hear appeals from their oval P decisions. This could be effected at once by • enabling the Court of Exchequer Chamber, to pronounce its deci s io ns i n the name 01 ' ' the House of Lords, and the Lords Justices, th e Lord Chancellor, and perhaps the Vice-Chancellote , to exercise a like jurisdiction over equitable deal' sions. This would have the advantage of virtually sweeping away one of the Courts of Appeal, en." aiding the suitor in his weary pourse from one tr'" banal to another, but it would have the disadvau ; tape that the Court of Appeal w ou ld b e compost of persons fully occupied with the ordinary busiller. H of their respective courts, and posses s ing litt le authority or pre-eminence over those judges ivh° e . opinions they might modify and reverse. For supreme Court of Appeal, we should i m agine , fo r . ourselves a tribunal of high er mer i t an d mor e trious composition, not consisting of the or dinary judges, but of men illustri ous among th e i r f e llows • for learning and 'acut eness , a b ove th e avera ge judicial ability, and chosen not necessarily from tli„ ranks of the judicature. It is worthy of retool that the judge of greatest w e i g ht i n t h e Judios Committee of the Privy Council is one w ho neve r administered justice e l sew h ere , an d w h o, contrar_, of to the ordinary opinio n , has not the advantage , exercising original a s well as appellate jurisdictio n ' To get the ablest men that can be found, from whatever part of the profession —to p a y they liberally—to admit such as are wealthy enough to d the hereditary peerage, an d t o b es t ow upom not sufficiently rich judicial titles, similar to tho Se of the Lords of Session in S co tland—to form suc h a body into a Judicial Committee of the House O Lords, and thus, while retai n i ng th e h on our of administering justice, to provide that it shall he as well administered as possibl e — seems the 0 1 ° 6 et feasible scheme, and one which, now that t°,. Lords have agreed to suspend th e W ens leyds 4 , controversy, we begin to have some hope of seeing carried into effect. THE JAMES BAINES.—The James Baines, from Melbourne, having been now 94 days out, solve anxiety is expressed for her safety ; but, as 3 :' ° other vessels have arrived from the same plate r, it is believed she is detained by contrary wind At Lloyd's; yesterday, h owever, some smal l r ig were taken upon the ship at 151. 15s, per cent., 1. 1 0 of average, and at 81. Bs. per cent. upon the gol d ' Insurances on the cargo of the Pacific steamer' long overdue at New York, from Liverpool, h° r° been made at M. 55., free of average. THEI MAILS.—SOUTHAMPTON, Feb. 27.—The Pai r solar and O r i en t a l C ompany ' s steam - s hi p M adr id, CAP" Bradsh aw sailed this afternoon with th e m a il s f o r Vie' Oporto, Lisbon, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, 11 passengerl 1,000/, in specie for Lisbon, 22,0001. ditto for Cadiz, 1 0 , an average general cargo. Th e R o y a l M a il Compani .0 , steam-ship Atrato, Captain Woolley, is preparing ' a octhvey the next outward West India, Mexican, an,.. • Pacific mails on Monday n e xt. Th e P arana , w ith tf a homeward mails from the West Indi e s, M ex ico, an a the Pacific is expected about the same date. The Unit e States' mail steamer Hermann, rlaptain Higgins, 4 1 1 d thie afternoon for New Y or k, with the German, FrencP". and English mail., 90 passengers, and a very large 051; of general merchandise, a considerable portion of vo'hlclrl is goods transshipped from th e u n f or t una t e E tea,t l3elgique. LUCCA AND PISTOJA RAILWAY.—The Monitore P s : cano announces that the Grand Duke of T usca ny 1 ' 1 . 4 ' waived his right of dispossessing the Lucca and Pistol Railway Company of their concession in consequence ° f their having failed to 'nave the line ready by th e 31st e t Dec., 1854. The works are to be conti n u e d to 1043 the Montecatini and Pistoja line, and the whole ra ilwal is to be opened to the publi c b e f ore th e exp i ra tion 0 nine months. MDLLE. RACHEL—A New Ycrk correspondent write ° on the 12th inst. :—"Racbel takes her final departu re , to-day from th e U n it e d S ta t es. Sh e h as not b een Al to fulfil her en gagemen t s , w hi c h exten d e d to one h un dre and fifty performanc e s, an d it i s f eare d s h e re t urn s with tier health m a t er i a ll y i m p a i re d. B ut s h e carr i es bac". t, with her the affectionate regards of at least two hun t tired thousand Americans who have seen her impersoulv tions, and felt her magic power." THE RECENT BURGLARY AT WALWORTE(...-.A. rt was circulated about town yesterday morning that t- a woman whose throat was cut by the men wh o oommitt% the recent burglary at Walworth h a d di e d from tu effects of the wuund. The report, we learn, is untrue"; great hopes are entertained of her recovery. The P°°o 41 woman has been able to gi ve a f u ll d escr ipti o n of f tmralars to the detective officers who are in pursuit ° them. THI3 LATE FLOUR ADULTERATION AT WAKEFIELV< On the hearing of the l a t e fl our a d u lt era ti on cue, 1 7, which Abraham Gi nn , a fl our d ea l er , o f W a k e fi e ld, o th " defendant, it will be remembered that 40 bags (13 c ( l °. sisting of sharps, and 1'27 of flour) out of the quantity taken from Gi nn ' s p rem i ses were or d ere d by the ulag_ A is trates to be retained for the purpose of being analr'7 ° and accordingly the Rev. W. R. B ew ditch and W a Statter, surgeon, nn the part of the prosecution , al l Mr. Rose, on behalf of the defendant, were instruoted to analyse the same. The analysis Leing concluded, tits result was reported to the magistrates at the Court-house on Monday, when the whole of the 40 bags were ord ered to be sold for pigs.—Leeds Mercury. - -- MO: CM The L very fire Americas All othl Were 10, °u spec and Ma 611 ; 3( at 3 d. t 2 8. sd. p Quietly, ( beat North-11 South-V trightot kidland south-E, Caledoni (he a t N Laneasb kanehel Ilan L a triatol a Chester Ozford, Glasgow Aberdee GreatW The groopit per are 42 105. cents. The gtoeke 20 Porta l Cents. * per Certif ..The i.ark( for cc tio ns Collne are h ( Ler prove titre Bank a per a per oe w 3 Per Long DIM India ' India DIM Cow Dit Etc Datel Laud Peru , 41)i Russ gird bpin Di Teri; If 54 MWM