The Sun. — London, England, 1827-10-05 00:00:00

//;< ~' ~ J-1 -1c L . • - OAN CONTRACTED f or His Majesty the KING of PRUSSIA, by Mr. N.,M. ROTHS CHILD, in Louden, in 1 818.—Notice is hereby given, that in conformitY with the deneral Bond, signed by His. Majesty the King of Prussia, at Berlin; the 7th: May, 1818, wherein reference is made to the Contract of the above-mentioned Loan, dated 31st March, 1818, accord ing to which:a Sinking Fund was provided, whereof the Eighteenth Half-yearly. Redemption fell due on the Ist of the4present month of October, Count Lottum, Charge d'Affaires of, his Majesty the King of Prussia at the Court of London,, jointly with Mr. N. M. Rothschild, in the preSence of: Mr. John Venn, Notary - Public, , has on the 3d 'instant CANCELLED and DEPOSITED in the BANK of ENGLAND, accordnig to the form prescribed, Twenty-five Thonsand Pounds Sterling, in Special Bonds of the said' Loan, being the' Second Half-yearly Re demption in the Ninth year, viz.' 1 per cent. per annum on the said L oan. A nd also the amount of Twenty-two , , Thousand Trv6 Hundred and Fifty Pounds Sterling in said Bonds (as included in the specification below), being pur chased from the Interest of the Eight Hundred and Eighty nine Thousand Three Hundred and Fifty Pounds Sterling, redeemed. from, the Ist April, 1819, to the let April, 1827, both days inclusive. NUMBERS or 327 SPECIAL BONDS CANCELLED, Letter. Nos. • A• 12 373 382 3. Bonds of 1,000/. B. 81 244 446 499 773 804- 905 1013 1124 1171 1386 1178 . 12 Bonds of 500/ . C. 43 65 112 '206 284 308 399 426. 453 -530' 555 594 693 926 949 .1000 1159 1346 1354 1373 ,1455 1464 14 67. 1481 1541 .1583 1865 2171 2256 2304 2761 3001 3049 3132 8177 . 3181 3413 3416 3423 3450 34621 3492 3705 3856 3858 • 3874 3908 .. 47 Bonds of 2 f501 : b. • 241 435 0606 1113 1627 1679 1732 1769 1770 1876 .1895 -2030 2038 2255 2345 . 2346 2523 .2616 , 2879 2973 3240 3926 4007 4033 4 4 3 0 8 0: 4005 40106 4533 4534 , 4535 4541 5021 . 5127 5215 5603 6109 6350 6351 6353 6354 6356 6358 6405 6670 6704 6849 '7095' 7203 '7456 7474 7647 8161 8627 8750 8918 9042 9050 9103 9394 9400 9507 9598 9784 9849 9851 9853 :9856 9859 9896 - I pll9 10535 10818 10849,10996 11 293 11455 11517 11683.12093 1 2096 12320 12392 12483 '12625 1 2638 12692 12723 1279713014 13 275 13341 13395 13484 13563 1 3720 14682 14083 14159 14161 1 4215 14246 14270 14336 14526 14 702'14705 14715 14732 14829 1 4831 1484,2 14843- 11844 14848 14890 14902 14949 14956 15028 15050 16146 15203 1 5204 15236 15276.15277 15334'15394.15456 15457 16077 16098 16113 16204 16269 16271 16340 16398 16467 16182 16558,16559 16584 16600 16624 16638.16644 16652 16665 16703 16704 1 6730 16744 16745 16747 16758:16768 16779 16780 16781 16861 1 686916880 16881 16884 16891'16897 16935 16936 16937 16 946'10954 16972 17012 17016 17018 17027 17086 17087 i 7 ,° 6 8 17089 17090 17091 17092 i° 9 3 17064 17095 17096 17097 4 09 a 1 7112 17113 17114. 17115 • . i:133 18211 18670 18829 18844 1 . 2 57 19023 .19051 .19103 19324 ij A l, 5 1 9587 19858 19899 .20572 2 1 ;" 8 21741 21752. 21822 21828 3 ,"., 30 22411 22459 22886 23134 2 3 91 2 3314 23400, 23465 23475 o ' B7 23506 23544 23747 23783 241 20 2 4056 24057 24065 24108 uk,, 2 4138 24140 24209 24232 hi 7 " 4 2 4267 24968 24369 24371 24 4 , 2 24373 24360 24382_24383 4 4 : 8 1 2 4412 24436 24450 24462 24, 6 4 2 1488 24497 24500 245'77 24654 244321 24912 24 9 1 3 • 265 Bonds of 1007.- 20,600 £3,000 6,000 11,760 Total 327 Bonds, amounting to £47,250 T 4 b PUNISHMENT OF. FLOGGING. ▪ WEEKLY DISPATCH of Sun „ ttt c „day next, will contain an Epi s tl e t o th e ' r t th e i' 4l 3Eß and SHERIFF FAREBROTHER, need , c onduct towards William Crane, w h o was sen - Il leat in 1 , / 113 e Publicly whipped for having stol en a pi ece m i,22 1 i pvgate-market. ll ! n e n O ffi ce, 169, Fleet-street. 1r44b1-• ▪ folio AIL COACH-OFFICE, LAD-LANE. Seven wing ROYAL MAILS depart (:° ll 3, the above O ffi ce every Evening at half-past / 1 41 4 4 'laYs excepted at Seven) e " 1 1u nl 7 a nd EXETER, through Devizes, Taunton, and torte lII\IGIIAM and KIDDERMINSTER, through Y 111%.1,5tr Word and Coventry. fi CO/Pt, through Marlborough and Chippenham. mar ititu SLR. and EDINBURGH, through Chorley and EX4-. 0 1, 44 r. ' ll , through Salisbury, •Blandford, and. Dor- PALm o R e , UTH and PLYMOUTH'ROYAL MAIL. nd ngor H EAD, through Wolverhampton , ShrewshurV, AlANc}it439l.L9, th rough Newcastle and Cengleton. AtiLvoitt;filt,AAL_ roug H h Derby and Maeclesfield. rd. lvest. HAVEN, through Carmarthen and aver- NORWICH MAIL The foll ow i ng POs'ivia Colch es t er an d I psw i c h . itle sp e cifi e d COA CHES start regularly at the MORNING POST COACHES. wernouth, through Blandford Norwich, through Bury a n d se. a i nd Dorchester at five. Nottin g h am an d Derby, throu g h t Half-pa s t Si x . Leicester, at Half-past Windsor and Eton, at Seven. I,Birmingbarn, Coventry, and Holyh tht. e a d , a Quart er b e f ore Liverpool, through Birmingham, a Quarter b Canterbury an d D over, at E i ght and Ten. efor,.... ght. Settthampton, throu g h Wi nc h es t er , a Quartet —before ight. Exeter, Falmouth, and Plymouth, a Quarter before Seven. Brighton, at balf-past Niue. AFTERNOON POST COACHES. Cambridge, through Ware and Buntingford, at Half st Two. Canterbury and Dover, at iialf-past Two. Carlisle and Edinburgh, through G arStang, A. Quarter fore Five. fDerbv, through Northampton and Leicester, a Quarter ore 4[Edinburgh and Glasgow, through Kendal and Dumfries, uarter before Five. Alanchester, through Derby and Buxton, a Quarter be 'e Five. Nottingham, through Lou g hb orough, a Quarter before ve. : 13 rist o l an d Bath, through Chippenhatn, at H a lf- past Four. .I%lilford Haven and Tenby, th roug h Swansea, at lialf k„,t aunton, throng Pour. h Cross and B r id gewater, at Half-past i i f [1:11% \tVintlw and Eton, at Two. I 'verpool, through Coleshill and Li c hfi e ld, at Three. „ (Avid , t h roug h Colchester and Ips w i c h, at Half-past Derby, through Leicester and Northampton, a Quarter "e Ajoburgh and Glasgow, through Carlisle, a Quarter o h , 0 . 4 - a oc O hater, through Leek and Macclesfield, at Six and B"Nottingham tlirough Leicester, at Six and Seven. irrninglian and Coventry, through Steny Stratford, a tarter before Six. linlyhead and shrewsbury, a Quarter before Six. lanehester, through Leek and Macclesfield, a Quarter e Seven. arrterbury and Dover, at Seven. • M L 14 •B. POST` 4 t Town ia e { lvan every Afternoon, aACHES to every City 0 Kingdom. Bath and an ß d rist a o n l u N fa e c ; at a Quarter before Six. W. HATE n ' and SON, Proprietors. otbe te t The Proprietors of the above Carriages will n y 4 4 1, table for any Parcel or Package whatever, nor for le,Cllerager's Luggage abo ve the value of Five Pounds, 'F w t he tame he entered and paid for accordingly at the gp,, Me delivery of any Each Parcel, Package, or Pas -4 L'lgage to them or their Agents. sd on' most rapid. ! in the ith its ►y and Mr. raiting , Ro e room use of Ln ac t cu -• R; a nd supply drink, ty they nv no- minas, stoic' ? vere all )out on ;ed that 'ere fo- hlm he .!ouriers did not it light. vere re-. the fol of the abroad irn with lieve he • service ether at fs com m.?, a§ bt he is. deserir y - ekl eon ' are. ,ved any on ; they ) otirig as meaning Rt i " ufore ?-- general tobertson u futute y in tin! only ill" name d agistrater fficers 6f the three r>o.o-ed to leplorable , t against tree dill dothing• but -eek, nts of her . 4 inan of rgeable to for thetly they were , a suitair 61). .rge of hei SPITAL . me of tb ° has be e ° Alderroa g he in con' loot' Sheriff 11, s olicit' !turned to no ii °l ces of edi t ' ight be eJ louse, an ber of ti' / $ 1g that A - la of Lieu!, tter state. 7, head w o 0 annum, ren, had lan of tr ei le recei! , 1 up fcr tu D the Lia r tie for ort ,t6ioned In ret°' rived now in t (ly of J. .amber'! oige lia'' dy of gel e, jun. E ,hnson, E Colonel Mary, sec' Inehyra, Thomas , second :ex, to A' 1. of Dors orn, Willi n, to DP rden, 13t' Grove-P I n Chear' Bloornsi' l the joint L New tool Juba pit eet, i Willis. Wilts, I ) (blight°, ice, aged CostOi• e , d, aeth.e - No. 10,941. PRICE 711. 1829, the second year terminating in October 1830, the third year terminating in October 1831; and in the following proportions during each period : PERIODS. Ist Period 1828-1829 rd Ditto 1829-1836 3d Ditto ' 1830-1831 CAPITA4 t to be raised. 240,000 3G0,000 510,000 ANNUAL INTEREST at 5 per Cent., that is 4 per Cent., and a Sinking Fund nt 1 per Cent. 2,000 18,000 Y 7,000 1,140,1/00 57,000 In this case, on or befi tal will have been raised of mittee now propose to sug this capital of 1,140,0004 i purposes of Emigration, at niently illustrated by the fo )re October 1831, a capi -1,140,0001. Your Com gest the manner in which night lie applied for 'the id which may be conve pllowino- Table CAPITAL. AMOUNT of Families of Persons necessary to INTEREST at Emigrants allowing effect their lo- 5 per Cent., of YEARS. to be five to each cation at • whist' 1 per located. Family. 60/. fur each Cent. is to form --- - ---I Family. a Sinking Fund. -7--------„,:-- --..-- 1 • . 1828-1829 4,000 20,000 1 240,000 12,000 1829-1830 6,000 30,000 360,000 18,000 1830-1831 9,000 45,000 510,000 27,000 19,000 - 95,000 1,140,000 57,000 Three Hoes 0 4 6 One Spade 0 2 9 One Wedge 0 1 4 One Augur . 0 * 2 One Pick-Axe ...0 2 0 Two Axes • 1 0 0 Proportion of Griodstone, Whipsaw, and cross- cut Saw 0 14 0 Freight and charges on ditto 15 per cent 0 10 2 I — - '''' , :•-,. --.. '..;:\ ,J.l2''''''._:W_.;-:::',....,,Ar 1.. 2 * / ') 1 i t fy , --- 1 ,...4 . ........_ t? 17 , - - 1, -._ _ • kt: 3 4 4 ;- i , .1) - 472' no longer to be aid irk\ , but wog" ... ..i.,....k. --`' Committeeproper th -...t--.:—. ept , '' 4 , 141 times have the option o ' 'iv oi ...,...., - •• V ) (--- 1 --"--, 1 ~.v , . ~- 4 3. Vi %i -- ~. • ' 2 - --,./ . 4 I L -- annual payment ; but tha; he tab i ust:l :I: h o r T il a de ve i ; - s l 4 l' - 0 S " ; ` l-1- ' :., '''''.;:- ' - 'f ~ 4 4. ) special opportunities oi . redeeming portions thei t .., t . - ... ~-„,„ -, .;. ,47, \ '10 ) ~, ,A , v.- • - ____ .. 1 , :. , ,10" - - Jr:„ ..,_ ~, ,--,.,:t r !-.._ ~-,,y, ~,,,,,,..-"t -:-"- '' • - Ar ---- ;-",.,, / ',/. ' '*L -S ~ 9. . ---, I . it ' I , f, /—, -... -1111 4044, /j/ t . ;f i t . kr4 -- t'" ' If he were to hare at all periods the opportunil redeem a portion, it might produce complexity ii '\ 1 ,:,,, 1 . ' 0 1 ' i ( -5- - __--.,''', il l .4, •:, O , ;,P.,... ay . ',to , ~,,-----, • -,.------ accounts. lie might be allowed to redeem t o-, ''"' - ' -- V ' 4 : 47,, .r -' Lt. , ,e,,, •i. i ,f) , 1 / 4 1,....____„. - .",..,'<.. N., ' / '' ,%-,-;') -- ,41 0 `)(' '' :V ~,,,,, A -...1 ,* ~01 1! ~. • ~.,11 [ .„, .• t . ~ , quarter, one half, or throe fourths of this ani . ".',. P. 7,110( It is superfluous to remark, that in case of his non redemption, the proposed scale of annual payments for thirty years will, of course, redeem the original 60/. advanced in his location. 2d. The probability of the repayment of the loan; and the inducements which the Colonies have to facilitate such repayment For the purpose of explaining fully to the House the degree of probability of success which would at tend an emigration upon the principles recommended by your Committee, and the prckbability of repay ment by each individual emigrant of his part of the expense incurred, your Committee beg to call the particular attention of the House to the following queries,, which were put to ten of the principal Coloniil witnesses examined before them, and to which those witnesses returned separate answers in writing : Query I.—Taking the whole range of the North American Colonies, and reducing them to one com mon average, do you think it would be safe to esti mate the expense necessary for the satisfactory loca tion of an emigrant fu.mily, of a man, woman, and three inidaren, at less than 60t. per family, such expense to be incurred after their landing at a colo nial port ? [Note.—This query involves the supposition that the expence of passage is never to be incurred by Government, but is, in all cases, to be paid by the parties interested in the removal of a stiperabuntlant population ; and that the emigrant's family have been approved of by an Agent ap pointed by Government to examine all proposed emigrants All the expences and circumstances of the passage to be en tirely independent of Government 'assistanee or responsi bility. No emigrant would be entitled to Government•as sistance in the Colonies who had not received a voucher from a Government Agent at home, that such emigrant and family were proper subjects for receiving Government as sistance.l Witnesses' Answers—J. Sewell, Esq. Chief Justice of Lower Canada, thinks it would not be safe to estimate the expence at less than 601. ; the Venerable Archdeacon Strachan, D.D., of Upper Canada, thinks 601. necessary ; W. B. Felton, Esq. of the Legislative Council of Lower Canada, thinks not has than 60/. necessary; P. Robin son, Superintendent, and of the Executive Council, Upp er Canada, thinks 60/. on an average necessary ; Captain Marshall, a Superintendent of the Military Settlements, Upper Canada, thinks, on an average for Upper and Lower Canada, that 601. is necessary ; J. Howe, Esq. Deputy Postmaster-General of Nova Scotia, thinks the estimate a fair one; A. C. Buchanan, Esq. merchant, of Lower Ca nada, thinks in the near districts that 501. is sufficient ; B. P. Wagner, Esq. merchant, of Lower Canada, thinks 601. sufficient; Mr. Roswell Mount, Deputy Land Sur veyor, Upper Canada, does not think it safe to estimate less than 601. ; Captain Weatherley, half-pay, Justice of the Peace for the District of Bathurst, Upper Canada, does not think it safe to estimate lea than 601. Query 2.—Do you mainly concur in the necessity of assistance to the value of 701. furnished to the emigrant more or less in the following proportions ? Average Estimato of the Expence of settling a Family, consisting of One Man, One Woman. and Three Chil dren in the British North American Provinces; distin guishing the various Items of Expenditure. Expences of conveyance from the port of disem barkation to place of location .. lO 0 0 Provisions, viz. rations for 16 months for 1 man, 1 woman, and 3 children, at Ilb. of flour and 11b. of pork for each adult, and half that quantity for each child, making Si rations per diem, pork being at 41. per barrel, and flour at IL As. per barrel .. . Freight of provisions to place of settlement 1 JO 10 House for each family 2 0 0 Implements, &o. Four Blankets. 0 14 , 0 One Kettle ...0 to 10 One Frying-pan 0 1 3 - -`Your at aI four !reof. ity to Ln the one .muity payment at his own option, at the stated periods, and this permission would operate as a stimulus to his industry. MONMOUTHSHIRE, UNDRY valuable Freehold ESTATES V- 3 for Sale, situate in the Parishes and Hamlet of Rag land, Dingestow,. Tregare, and Gwchellog. Printed particulars are preparing, and will be ready in a short time for distribution, and..the day and place of sale will be' announced in a future advertisement. For information in the meantime apply to Mr. lloivyer, Kevan Cock, near Ragland; or to Messrs. Mtbonnell and Mostyn, solicitors, Usk. IMPEDIMENTS OF PAECH.-BROSTERiAN SYSTEM. • Lately Published, 7th Edition, price 2s. 6d. THE Progress of the System f o r th e e ffe ctua l Removal of Impediments in Speech, Bad Articula lation, Lisps, Guttural Pronunciations, &c. from which emanates au entire pew Art of Speaking and Reading, dis covered by JOHN BROSTER, S.E., late of Edinburgh, Removed to 41, Cadogan Place, London; And may be had at Messrs..Longmans and Co., 39, Pa ternoster-row ; 'Mr. Caivthorn,l24, Cockspur-street, Char ing -cross ; Mr. Blackwood, Edinburgh ; Mr. Millikeh, Dublin ; and M. Galignani, Paris ; where the French Edition, published in Paris, may also be had, as likewise references to . papih4 in that capital. ATLAS ASSURANCE COMPANY. TIFE DEPARTMENT..—persons assured the whole term of Life, will have an addition made to their Policies every seventh year, or an equivalent reduction will be Made in the future payments of Pre mium, at the option of the Assured. The .Additions in Great Britain for the seven years ending at Christmas 1823, were from 13 to 37 per Ceat. on the Sums assured, according to the Ages of the Parties. FIRE DEPARTMENT.—In addition to the benefit of the late Reduction in the Rates of Premiums, this Com pany offers to Assurers the advantage of periodical Re turns of the surplus Premiums ; and also the payment of Rent of Buildings rendered untenantable by Fire. Policies falling due at Michaelmas should be renewed within fifteen days from that period. The Company's Rates and Proposals may be had of any of the Agents in the Country, who are authorized to re port on the appearance of Lives proposed for Assurance. HENRY DESBOROUGH, Jun., Secretary, Cheapside, London, 29th Sept., 1827. IMPERIAL FIRE OFFICE, SUN-COURT, CORNHILL, and No. 5, ST. JAMES'S-STREET. DIRECTORS. John Horsley Palmer, Esq. Chairman. Charles Danvers, Esq. Deputy Chairman. Grant Allan i Esq. • William Mitchell, Esq. Chas. Barclay, Esq., M.P. Sir Charles Price, Bart. /Eneas Barkly, Esq. Joseph Reid, Esq. Michael Bland, Esq. John Baker Richards, Esq. George Browil, Esq. • Sir James Shaw, Bast. Cornelius.Buller, Esq. Robert Slade, Esq. Andrew Colvile, Esq. . John Smith, Esq. M.P. Samuel Drewe, Esq. • John Henton Tritton, Esq. Robert Lang, Esq. and Daniel Mildred, Esq. Joseph Timperon, Esq. EX-DIRECTORS. John Henry Deffell, Esq. • Jeremiah Olive, Esq. William Fry, Esq. Henry Sterry, Esq., and Richard Lee, Esq. Richard Twining, Esq. • AUDITORS. Gerard De Visme, Esq. Martin Tucker Smith, Esq. Thomas Foster, Esq. • and Daniel Mildred, jun., Esq. John Tritton, Esq. EX - AUDITOR. James Pattison, jun. Esq. Notice is hereby given, that Insurances which expire at Michaelmas, should be renewed within 15 days thereafter, or they become void, and that receipts for such renewals are now ready for deliver•:', at the Offices in London, and with the respective Avents for the Company threet•heileto the United Kingdom. P. MILNER, Accountant. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. (From the Moniteur.) A journal, misrepresenting, according to its sys; tern, the circumstances of a notorious fact, ascribes the intervention of England and France in the affairs of the East to the desire of restraining Russia from realizing - designs and plans contrary to the ba lance of power • and it founds on this hyp o th es i s a prediction calculated to inspire little confidence in the continued tranquillity of the world. According to it, that which appears to us a participation would seem to be only a precaution. Distrust would enve lope 'itself in. the appearance of hostility, and two contradictory projects would conceal themselves un der a common name. It appears to us that the first duty of every person who discusses a treaty is to read that treaty. In proceeding thus, the journal which gives occasion for our remarks would have in the first line a formal engagement not to conquer; an express renunciation of every sort of aggrandize ment. Nor is this only one of the dispositions of the treaty : it is its very soul and substance. Rus sia, in signing that treaty, has dissipated all the fears which' ancient recollections could inspire. By this participation, she has so bound herself to the maintenance of the balance of power, that she could not,without loss of character, concei ye orresume designs of aggrandizement; and how, with such projects, could she have become a party to a treaty which condemns them ? It is true that the clauses of the treaty, which trace clearly the common rule of conduct in case of a refusal, are not so precise on the supposition of an armed resistance to the me dieting forces. But it may always be said, that this ulterior conduct will be conformable to the spirit of the treaty, on the ground that the manner cannot oppose the principle, nor the execution the design ; and since the interfering Powers have declared that ambition was perfectly foreign from the motives of their intervention, n othing that can fa vour t h e com mon or individual ambition can come into the con tingencies of the intervention. The essence of European policy, (we repeat it with confid ence, f or i t i s a tru th w hi c h we h ave had th epleasur e to announce more th an once ), t h e es sence of this polic is the maintenance of peace. Is of not this, in fact, a y natural consequence of an order things where the prosperity of states is founded upon public credit ? The very aliment of credit is industry; and the rr guarantee of industry is peace. An assurance trend belied by the eve n be nt given, s, even in a dist e a v n e without the fear of that every thought which ous a peace, will be r t o, f.uturity, to disturb so preci ifiously banished from the councils of Sovereigns, oppositions, irritated by the kus, when one of our two ftervention, cries out to his own affairs, if you desire Grand the Powers, "Leave the home;" and when the other opip osi T ti t o ir n k cr t i o es m t a o na th g e e o a. . a t n o ng t e h e yo G u r r e o ek w s : at f same Powers, " Lend youcri wish e t to b to e tthe considered Y c - o o n u tradi principles of European policy, Christians," both net in since both cherish ideas c of pea ce . ontrary to the maintenance It is not only between the Cabinets, but between the nations of Europe, that there has been esta blished an alliance of interests and ideas unknown in the history of States. Policy has been, so to speak, regenerated by this alliance. It might merly have be en described as the art of laying Snares for each other; i t may now b e defined the art of combining their wishes,. Political relations were then a system of secret hostility. . Relations now are express concerts to smooth, arid, to mitigate re sistances, and to resolve them' into a common will. Then your neighbour was your natural enemy, and political friendship 'Might lie measured by the de grees of the meridian.' Your neighbour now is your auxiliary, as you are his; for in this community of views and interests, if there are prefeiences, it is. only in the opportunities of regulating them. Let , us, then, judge our age as it ought to he - judged— by its wants and its interpsts. Let us judge the policy of Governments accordin g t o the characters of all reasonable policy—the wants and the interests of the age. £3 lb 0 5 equal to 1 4 6 currency ) Cow 4 10 Medicines and medical attendance 1 0 Seed Corn 0 1 6 Potatoes, 5 bushels, at 2s. 6d. 0 12 6 0 14 Proportion of the expence of building for the depot 1 0 Ditto for clerks, issuers, and surveyors to show the lots. 1 5 60/. sterling is equal to £66 13 t [Note.—Something in the nature of this Schedule, ap plicable to the special circumstances of the location of each particular emigrant, would be delivered to him upon his landing; and upon his presenting a voucher ,to the Emi gration Agent at the colonial port, showing that he had been approved as an emigrant, and upon his expressing his wish to receive this sort of loan in kind. In case of this vetted to in the next query, . n tn As sign t w t o 6 children et lt 1 :: occurring, tion at the he Gl o w y n ern d m b e e nt eal cz led Pen u : this principle of equiva and then conveyed to hie loca necessary ? Every lot considered equal to the expense of an adult, if the family consisted of a widower and five children, or in any other• i v e a n r t i , e t u y .v o u f l p d r n o o po t r , t h io e u e , o regu l. be lated eq reg u lated' by must have a working head of a family upon it, who must become responsible for the interest.] Witnesses' Answers—J. Sewell, Esq., the yen. Arch. deacon Strachan, D.D., W. B. Felton, Esq, P. lioisinson, Esq., Capt. Marshall, and J. Howe, Esq., do not doubt the correctness of the estimate; A. C. Buchanan, Esq. thinks 48/. 10,. sufficient in the near districts; B. P. Wa gner , Esq. thinks, 601. sufficient, expended as stated ; Mr. Roe.. well Mount concurs with the estimate ; Captain Weather-, ley mainly concurs with the estimate. that igfor anynt both sort p o e f r P so r n mc al the payment of tical difficulty will exist in taking an nnexpensive a a s nd % Q v s e u ir e i r a p y s l e 3 a . s — l e i c e D u n r o i u t security o o f n a r o e rn: s t a l l i i a ci e n e e d r m , 44 per annum interest, being at the rate of five pm cent. upon the sum of 801., or, in other words, upon the CM of 601. improved by deferred interest for seven years to the sum of 801., interest being only calculated in that instance at 41. per cent. [Note.-...Every pains must be taken to explain to th e emigrant, th a t th e acceptance of the loan is to be ontiraT voluntary on his part, preci se ly th e same as if any'indivi dual in his own country had proposed, film .mtivelof charity, t o a d vance him a loan of equal amount, blxin t he same principal of repayment.) Witnesses' Answers—J. Sewell,- Esq. does not think tha t any difficulty will exist, provided legislative provisions be made" for L ower C ana d a; the Ven. Archdeacon Stra than, D.D. thinks there will be ne difficulty on proper ex _ iv to the emigrant; W. B. Felton, planations being g Esq., same there opinion as Chia Justice Sewell ; P. R o b inson. Esq. thi will be no di ffi culty, if the deed be with heldnks till half the money be paid ; Captain M ars h a ll and J. Howe, Esq. think there will be no di ffi culty ; A. C. chasm, Esq. recommends two securities to be required„ and thinks there will be no difficulty ; B. p. W agner, Esq., Mr. Roswell Mount, and Captain Weatherloy, thinks; there will be no difficulty. !intere st f or the difficulty what num, at the Q uery 4.--Do 'you consider th a t the emigrant that is, in grain and pork o f a merchantabl e qua li ty, ex pirationess p e v ae t t er , l e e r i o , n f i of seven fu affording t o li t called at period, se rai tor . os u d, p p :a o vi y n ii 1 i 14 to mlh . ao p vpr a lee y e rya a an n o r mon e y estimated upon a given principle of ar bi trat i on, such emigrant having always a power at hi s own option 's worth, of paying off the principal of 80/, in instalments of 201. each, in money, until the whole of the original loan be discharged ? [Note.—The mode of estimating the value of the pro duce of the settler's farm in money, would be by a simple estimate of mart price, made wader prescribed regulatioua LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER .5, . 1827. EMIGRATION. THIRD REPORT. The Select Committee appointed to consider the Subject of Emigration from the United Kingdom, and to whom the. Report of the last 'Session, and the several Petitions which have been presented to the House, in . the present Session of Parliament, on the same subject, were re ferred ; and who wee' empowered to report their Oh- Nervations and • Opittioil thereupon, together with the Minutes of Evidence_ taken before them, front •time to time, to the House ; have further considered the Matters to them referred, and have agreed upon 'the following Report. (CONTINWED FROM YRSTERD4Y.) 4. -REMARKS ON THE APPLICATION OF A SYSTEM OP REGULATED ENIGRATION, TO THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE THREE COUNTRIES. Having thus adverted to those circumstances which appear to them peculiar to the three kiniz-: &ins, your Committee beg make a few general re marks on principles equally applicable to all, and upon the sounders of which the value of the remedy proposed mainly depends. • The first and main principle is, that labour, which is the commodity of the poor man, partakes strictly, as far as its value is concerned, of the circumstances incident to other commodities; and that its price is diminished in proportion to the excess of supply as compared with the demand. If the demand for labour be great, the wages of labour are high ; the poor man, therefore, sells his commodity for a high price. A contrary State of things produces a con verse of results. If this proposition be admitted, it follows that if the supply of labour be permanently in excess, as compared with the demand, the condition of the lower classes must be permanently depressed, and a state of things induced which is incompatible with the prosperity of a great proportion of the popu- lation, and equally so with the general interests of the country, which are involved in the equalization of national prosperity. Your Committee feel it expedient to bring this simple principle prominently forward, for the pur pose of refuting the erroneous notions and opinions which are attempted to be inculcated upon this sub ject. The capitalist in England is reproached that he intentionally withholds from the artisan those wages which are fairly due to him : the fact being that the rate of wages depends upon the supply of labour (whether manufacturing or agricultural) as compared with the demand for it. It is not to be expected that the capitalist will purchase the com modity, labour, which he requires, at a higher price than the market rate. If machine labour be as ef- fectual, and more cheap than manual labour, he will purchase it, that is, he will employ it in preference. If it were to be contended that he ought not to do so, the converse proposition would be equally true, that when the wages of labour were high, arising from an increased demand, the capitalist would be justified in .calling upon the artisan to take lower, wages - ttian tii - e — itarßer-ratt. In other words if the artisan can fairly call upon the capitalist to pay him wages higher than the marketrate when that market rate is low, the capitalist can, with equal fairness, call upon the artisan to take wages lower than the market rate, when that market rate is high. The one proposition is as unjust and as impracticable as' the other; and your Committee are persuaded that the House will concur with them in the.opi nion, that there is no point which requires more to be explained to the lower classes than the impossi bility of regulating by law either the maximum or the minimum of wages. ' It is from an entire ignorance of the universal operation of the principle of supply and demand re gulating the rate of wages, that all those extrava gant propositions are advanced, and recommenda tions spread over the country, which are so 'calcu lated to excite false hopes, and consequently discon tent, in the minds of the labouring classes. Among the most extravagant, are those brought forward be fore your Committee by a Society 'professing to be established for the purpose of bettering the con dition of the manufacturing and agricultural la 'bourers of Great Britain. The extent of miscon ception which appears to pervade the opinions of this society, can only be fully understood by an ex amination of its doctrines, as explained in the evi dence and appendix. Another elementary principle, to which your Committee beg the particular attention of the House, and in .confirmation of which, all the practical evi dence, without exception, may be quoted, is the ef fect of a comparatively small excess of labour, occa sioning a deterioration of the condition of the la bourer, in the particular district where such excess exists (or supposing the excess to be general, the consequences are equally general), and the conse quent improvement of the whole body of labourers by the abstraction and removal of any superabun dant 'portion. Every practical man, whether agri cultural, commercial, or manufacturing, is well aware that the excess of the supply of an article bona fide brought to market over and abo re the demand of it, whether of annual or even of weekly sale, will de teriorate that article, not merely in the ratio of the excess, but in a much higher . ratio ; and that, con versely, the supply being'less, the demand enhances the price in a similar ratio. It is only necessary to prove that that which- is true of commodities, is equally so of labour, to justify the opinion that the abstraction of a comparatively • small number of la bourers will remedy the evils incident to the exist ence of excess in the supply of labour, as compared with the demand. The rule, however, applies much more forcibly to labour than to commodities, for in the case of any co mmodity, the owners might at once withdraw a portion and keep it back, in hopes of the real de mand increasing; but the holders of labour, that is, the labourers themselves, have no store-rooms in which their commodity can be bonded, but have only the alternative between the offering it at once at the market price, and starvation. With respect to this principle, of the influence of a small excess in the supply of labour, as compared with the demand, and of the consequent benefit of, the removal of that small excess, the following an swers were given by Mr. Malthus :-- " 3258. Are you not of opinion that the general situa tion of the labourers is dete:iorated and prejudiced by a comparatively small excess of the supply of labour over the demand:—Very much so, and sometimes by a smaller ex cess than one might perhaps suppose. " 3259. Are you of opinion that the removal of a coin paratively.small part of the population which now appears to be in a state of destitution, might operate to create a considerabl e improvement in the condition otpose who re main ?.-L_Not a very small part of those really out of work, but a removal of a small part of the whole labouring popu lation might effect a very beneficial chang e in the condition of the remainder. " St 60 ! 4re you of opinion, therefore, that that law w hi c h applies to commodities, and which is a matter of notoriety in every market in the country, namely, that a small excess of supply deteriorates the. value of au article, applies completely and conclusively to labour, which is the article a poor man has to bring to market ?. '—Cer. tainly it doei.. . " 3261. Are you of opinion that, where it is admitted that an excess of labour in all branches exists, any real re lief can accrue to the labourers, as long as labour remains in that state of redundance?—Certainly not. There are persons who are •supposed to argue that a redundancy of labourers is calculated to promote the interests of the proprietors and capitalists; for the consequence of that redundancy will be a pro, gressive:diininution of the wages of labour, and, consequently, that although the labourer himself may be miserable, in consequence of such,redun dancy, the lowness of wages will compensate the proprietor and capitalist for any other expence which a state of pauperism, under the-proposition of such a condition of the population, must produce. But even if it were admitted that the capitalist, for the moment, wal.benefited, by the reduction of wages, to the minimum of subsistence, your Committee are satisfied that the House will in no degree'coun tenance the opinion, that such a state of things would be desirable in a national point of view, but that, on the contrary, the House will agree with your Committee, that the general prosperity of the country is incompatible with the degradation of any class of the community, Much more so With the de- . - gradation of that class (by far the most extensive) who have solely to depend upon the remuneration of their labour for their means of subsistence. Upon this subject the following questions were put to Mr. Malthus, and his answers, to which the. Com- mittee beg to call the attention of the House : " 3,283. Are not the manufacturer's profits principally dependent on the low rate of wages ?—I do not quite agree to that doctrine ; I think that wages and profits very often rise together. When the value of the whole commodity rises from the state of the supply compared with the de mand, there is a greater value to divide between the capi talist and the labourer; the labourer will have higher money-wages, and the profits of the stock may be higher at the same time. " 3,284. Is not the tendency of a redundant supply of labour ready at all times to fill up the decrease of the la bouring population by want and disease, beneficial to the manufacturing and commercial interests, inasmuch as it lowers wages and raises profits, and readers possible a:suc cessful competition with foreign capitalists ?—I should think that even if that is so, no persons could possibly bring themselves to encourage such a system with that view. " 3,285. Compassion to the labouring poor, and regard to the public peace, may render the diminution of this supply of labour desirable, but a redundaney is favourable to trade and commerce, is it not ?—ln one respect it is, and in, one respect.it is not; it may enable the capitalist to work up his commodities cheaper, and to extend his foreign trade; but'it certainly will have a tendency to di minish the home trade, and I think the home trade much more important than the foreign. • " 3,286. When the labouring class in the country:re ceive good wages, does not the demand for manufactured goods on the part of that dais form one of the best markets a manufacturer has ?—I think it forms a very important part of the market for manufactured goods of a cheap kind. " 3,287. Would you say that any country could be a . . prosperous country without having a degree of demand existing amongst the labouring classes?—l think not; it would only be partially prosperous." It is sometimes laid down, e that if any class of labourers be rejected as unnecessary in any particu lar employment, they will be absorbed in some other branch of industry. But the evidence before your Committee induces them to believe, that there is generally such a glut of labour throughout the country, as to leave no -hope of such absorption by traitsr.timflroin once employment to another.— Witnesses were asked, whether there was any chance of those redundant. paupers in their respec tive districts •,finding, employment elsewhere, and the uniform answer was, that if they did go. out in search of labour, they were returned on the parishes and districts after an ineffectual effort. In this pa r t it of the subject, is necessary not to overlook the difficulty and inconvenience of taking men from one class of occupation, and expecting them immediately to adjust themselves to another. In such case of admitted redundancy, your Com mittee are aware that the doctrine frequently em ployed is, that it must correct itself—by the morta lity which diminished food and comfort must pro duce in the classes of the population in which such redundancy exists.. Your Committee would be most unwilling, in any degree, to encourage the opinion, that.it was not, in the strictest sense, the duty of a poor man to estimate his means of pro viding for a family before he places himself in a si tuation to have one to provide for; but maintaining, in the strictest sense, the necessity of enforcing that salutary principle, your Committee think that the ordeal through which the redundant population must pass before this kind of remedy can be administered, is one which cannot be contemplated by any wise Government with indifference. , It is under this state of things that emigration ap pears to your Committee to be a remedy well worth consideration, whether with reference to the improved condition of the population at home, and the saving of that expence which, as it appears to your Com mittee, is now incurred in maintaining a portion of them, or with respect to the prosperity of our Co lonies, increasing thereby the general prosperity of the empire. And they consider the resource of emigration still more valuable, inasmuch as, u n l ess the evidence taken before your Committee, in itself of the very highest authority, shall prove to be in accurate, the expence of emigration as a national measure will be limited to the mere lending of the capital of the country, with the certainty of not only an indirect,but a direct return. b.--THE EXPEDIENCY OF A PECUNIARY ADVANCE, IN THE NATURE OF A LOAN, FOR THE PURPOSE OF rAci LITATING A REGULATED SYSTEM OF EMIO RATION, *TUE PROBABILITY or REPAYMENT OF SLICIf A LOAN, ANT) THE XNDUCEMENTS WHICH THE COLONIES WOULD HAVE TO FACILITATE SUCH REPAYMENT. THE SUCCESS OE FORMER EMIGRATIONS, AS BEARING UPON THE PROBA- RILITY OF REPAYMENT. Ist. The expediency of a pecuniary advance, in the nature of a loan, to facilitate a regulated system of emigration. Your Committee, taking into consideration the evidence which they have received of the state of the popul a ti on i n Ireland,England, and Scotland , as well as th e nature of the colonial evidence with respect to t h e success o f t h e em igration of 1823, and 1825, an d the probability of futu re success, to which th e y w ill present l y re f e r, are prepared dis tinctly to recommend a pecun iary advance; in the nature of a loan, for the purpose of facilitating emigration. . _ _ In order to show practically how such a loan might operate, your Committee propose to state a hypothetical case of a loan advanced to the extent of .240,000/. in the y e ar 1828-29; of 360 ,000/. in the „year 1829-30; and of 540,000/. in the year 1830- 31 ; in the a ggrega t e , 1,140,000/. These sums to be applied to the purpose of emigration, in the man ner which yoar Committee will proceed to describe. The interest at four per cent. upon 1,140,0001. amounts to 45,600/.; the interest at fiveper cent. (that is, four per cent. with a Sinking Fund of one per, cent.) amounts to 57,000/. ; but at the present pr i ce of the funds this annual interest would be less, as it is calculated on the presumption of the funds not being higher than 75. Your Committee do not presume to suggest how an emigration loan (were it to be decided upon), should be raised, or when raised in what manner it should be charged; but for the purpose of bringing their proposition to a prac tical issue, let it be supposed that this sum of 1,140,0001. is raised 'in certain proportions during three successive years; namely, the first year com mencing October, 1828, and terminating in October The transaction then will stand thus :—Let the Consolidated Fund be supposed to be charged with an outlay of .57,000/. for that period, which will enable a sinking Fund of one per cent. to liquidate a loan of 1,140,0001.; on the other hand, if the an nual payments by the emigrants, to which you' Committee will presently refer, be transferred to the account of the Consolidated Fund for the period of thirty years, the country will neither be a gainer nor a loser by this transaction, as a mere pecuniary transaction, inasmuch as supposing an equality of the rate of interest to pervade the period, the annuity received will be equivalent to the annual outlay from the Consolidated Fund. It may, perhaps, be ob• served, that the removal' of 19,000 families would produce little effect in remedying the redundancy of any superabundant portion of the population in the mother country • and your Committee feel that it would be extremely difficult, if not dangerous, to attempt to lay down, with any pretension to accu- - racy, the precise number of the population which it might be necessary to remove for such a purpose. The progress of the measure would furnish the best commentary upon that point; but under any circum stance it would be • necessary -to commence with comparatively small numbers, and to increase them progressively. The principle of increase in this hy pothetical proposition is, that each succeeding year should carry out emigrants in the ratio of four, six, and nine, in other words, increasing in the propor tion of one-half, as compared with the number of the preceding year; and it appears to your Com mittee, from the necessity of food preceding popula tion, that whatever number may be selected for the experiment of the first year, the successive emigra tions must be regulated by some principle o this nature. With respect to the numbers that might be sent in the first year, provided adequate means be taken for preparing for their reception, and pro vided that the expense of food, in consequence of their numbers, be not increased beyond the rate of the estimate no necessary -limitation would be pre scribed. The loan suggested by your Committee has reference to numbers which it would be clearly practicable to locate. The proposal, as involved in this 'hypothetical case, stands thus :—the first year, 4,000 families; the second, 6,000; the third, 9,000; making in the whole 19,000. If, after that period, Parliament were disposed to carry on emigration in the same ratio, the number of families to be removed in progressive years, would amount as follows :—the fourth year, 13,500; the fifth year, 20,250; the sixth year, 30,375; the. seventh year, 45,562; the eighth, 68,343; and if those sums be added toge ther, they will form an aggregate of 197,030 fami lies, which, multiplied by 5, will give 985,150 in dividuals. In this estimate no calculation is made for the casual, collateral or unlocated emigration; although as an auxiliary circumstance, it will operate, together with regulated emigration, in lessening the redundant population to a considerable extent. It appears, then, that for an annual outlay of .57,0001., for a limited period of years, nineteen thousand families may be located in the British North American Colonies ; and if the principles laid down by your Committee be correct in themselves, and duly acted upon in the selection of those 19,000 families, or 9.5,000 persons, if those persons are, in the strictest sense, redundant labourers in the Mother Country, their abstraction will create no diminution of production ; whereas their presence imposes upon the community a heavy annual expense, the extent of which it is difficult to analyse. This proposition, therefore, involves the location of 19,000 emigrant settlers; heads of families, consisting of five persons each ; and it will be perceived,. that if the following scale of progressive annuity and repayment, cal culated in the case of a single head of a family, and spreading itself over a period of only.thirty years, be realized, the 1,140,0001. will have been actually re paid; and the receipts of this thirty years' annuit, will restore the capital advanced, together with foul per cent., accruing interest upon that capital. t Amour, t to be received 1 Aggregate 2 :11 , g from the different sets! Amount of Q ° of Emigrants, forming Sums to be an = 19,000 families, locatecfnually received '... o : in the space of 3 years. in liquidation .-= & Vide preceding table. of the Sums ot co 1,2 ir _ X. Year. P ° p . Second Third 240,000 1828 5,7 First set set of set of 360,000 1820 . ..7t grants, grants, grants , ..7 aof Emi- E,ni- Emi- 510,000 1830 s' 2 1828. 1829. 1830. 1,140,000 .C. s. 0 . X'• X. X. X. - - - - i - - - - -- - 0 10 0 2,000 _ - 2,000 I 0 0 4,000 3000 - 7,000 110 0 6,000 6,000 4,500 16,500 ' 2 0 (I 8,000 2 , 000 6,000 26,000 210 0 10,000 12,000 13,500 3 5,500 S 0 0 12,000 15,000 18,000 45,000 310 0 14,000 18,000 22,500 54,500 4 0 0 16,000 21,000 27 .L °0 64,000 410 0 16,000 0 4,000 31,000 73 ,500 5 0 0 20,000 27,000 3 0 , 000 83,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 40,500 ' 20,500 5 0 0 20,000 30,(I00 45 , 000 95,000 5 0 0 20, 000 3 0 , 000 45,000 25,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45 , 000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45 , 000 95,000 ' 5 0 i 20,000 30,000 45 , 0 00' 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95 , 00 0 a 0 0 20,000 30,000 45 , 000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 9 5000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 50 0 20,000 30,000 45,000 95,000 5 0 0 20,000 30,000 45 , 000 95,000 _ - 30,000 45,000 75,000 - - --. 45,000 4.5,000 Year ending in October, 1829 to 18960 18:0 , 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 12538 1831) 1840 The House will not fail 'to perceive, on reference to the above table, that, at the end of three years, the four thousand ,heads of families located in tlit fi r st year will be called upon to pay 2,000/.; and upon the fact and facility of that payment will de pend the probability of future annual payments beinp realized according to the scale proposed. In, the fourth year the first set of emigrants will have to m 4,00014 arid the second set 3,0001., and so on. It will also be observed, that under this table th, settler is not called upon to make any repayment until he has been actually located the year of . h fortlre space c o a t . three years, reck on i ng 1828 as tion. He is , in 1831, to pay in money or product the value of ten shillings; and each succeeding yea, an additional ten shillings, until the annual payment amounts to .51, when it 15 W remain stationary, an. [ not ire to took itran zclu- then I die-