The Sun. — London, England, 1861-01-30 00:00:00

RO Y ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT -GARDEN• Wader the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison, Sole Lessees. T FITS EVENING, and during the Week, Balfe's New Legendary Opera. BIANCA, THE BRAVO'S BRIDE: Miss Louisa Fyne, Miss Thirlwall ; Messrs. A. Lawrence, J. Wharton. 11. Corri, A. St. Albyn, G. Kelly, Wallworth, T. Lyall, and W. Harrison. With the Grand Pantomime, BLUE BEARD ; or, Harle cmin and Freedoni Hill Island Home. Clowns, Messrs. H. Dolma, B. Payne. yard, and Lilliputians. Harlequins, Messrs. Milano and F. Payne. Pantaloons, Messrs. Barnes and Tanner. Columbines, Mdme. Boleno and Clara Morgan. Sprites, the Zelinski Family. Mr. W. H. Payne, Mlle. Lamoureux, &c. Condpctor—Mr. Alfred Mellon. Commence at Seven. rirl-TRATWg-ROYAL Lessee, Mr. J. R. Bwkstone. 2 • TT - i TS EVTINT VC: the perfnirmq,,vp etornm•no. with (b 7 d eg irl sfiv STOOPS TO CONQUER. Mae nardcastle, Miss Fanny Stirlinz; Tony Ltimpkin, Mr. Iluckstone. After which, a new Pantdrafi r ke. OUEEN LADYBIRD A rivalled LeeND HER CHILDREN. The Pantornirnists by the =- lercqs, Herr Cole, and Fanny Wright. - - Commence at 7. OYA Ti PRTNCES S'S THEATRE.-- A 'll T,easee and Manager, Mr. A. Farris. THIS EVENING. the performance s will commence Ray with RUT AS. Mesars. Fechter , B asil Potter, G4rden, inond. Graham, Cathcart, and A. Harris. After which. A new r,hristmas comical pantomime. enti Wing tled noni ssoN CRTTSOE ; or, Har l eq uin Friday, and the of the raribbe Wands : in which Monsieur Espinosa and Millie, Marie Pumilatre, of the principal cantinental theatres, will avear. Clown. Av. A. V. Forrest. iTHFATRE - ROYAL LYCEUM. So",,e Lessee and Directress, Madame CELESTE. THIS EVENING, a n ew Drama, entitled THE IRISH F.IITGRANT. Messrs. Vinine. J. Johnstone, T. Lyon. Forrester, and John Drew ; Miss Kate Saville, Miss Stuart, and Mrs. J. Rouse. Alter which. the Lyceum Christmas Comic Extravaganza, cyryTARF,I,LE : or, The Rose without a Thorn, sbowine cr y, visio g OF A ROSE. ITS FADING AT EVE, AND THE MAY-BLOOM OF THE WILD BRIAR - To conclude with MORE BLUNDERS THAN ONE. L ar ry Hoolacran, Mr. John Drew. A'IIFT,PI4T, Nl'W THEATRF-ROYAL, 1).-nrrietor and Nrankqer. Mr. Ron! Wellgte.r, TTITS EVF,ING, AN - UGLY CIISTOMER. Messrs. J. y„ Toole, C. Selby, and Wade; Miss K. Kelly, and Miss E. Thorne. Aiter which, THE COLLEEN BAWN. D. Boucicault, D. I/ R ho?. Billington, Falconer, Stephenson. C. J. Smith, Romer. Miss Ai:meg Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Cliagerley. To conclude with a new Burlesque EXtraVllolllZit. entitled MATE BEARD FROM A NEW PO INT OF BUR Messrs. J.. L. Toole. P. Bedford. C. J. Smith ; M iss Woolgar, K. Kelly, LaidLavr, and To,. Thorne. Doors open at halt past 6—Commence at 7. Box-office ones irom lo till 5. No chars, , e tor hoekincr• Private boxes. £2 25.: Family - Boxes, XI. Orchestra Stalls, sa. • Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stal:s, ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery. 6d Pit Stalls, 21.; Pit, .I€ 4. 6 d• ; An ti t ur manazer—Nr. Wm. Smith. sTLET,S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY. Last week of Mr. J. Crockett and the Trained Lions. A Grand Juvenile Fete will take place on Friday, Feb. 1, commencing at two o'clock with the Pantomime, concluding with the:Lions. This Evening, a ne Sectacle, ngle, en-titexpresslyled VIE for th LION CONQUEROR ; or, The Death Ju introduction of the Wonders of the World,Groupe of Performing Lions." The Lion Conqueror, Mr. J. Crockett. To be fmcceeded by Scenes in the Arena, supported by talented Parisian and British Artistes. Concluding with Batty's Prize Equestian Comic Panto mime, for Good Little Boys and Girls, by T. L. Greenwood. entitled HARLEQUIN AND THE WONDERFUL HORSE ; or. Percinet and G rociosa, the Ugly Duchess and the Greedy Hine, pro duced with Gorgeous Scenery, by Mr. Cuthbert, new Costumes and Appointments, and introducing in the comic scenes Itatty's Prize Equestrian Harlequinade, and the celebrated Old Bob Ridley, and Brandon L edger. Doors open a t half-rasi 6, performance commence at 7. CANTF,RBURY- HAL L - CONCERT S! !! A Grand Selection from Verdi's Opera, IL CORSARO, consisting of the following Morceauxs Preludio. • Coro Scena ed Aria.. "Tutto pares Sorridere" Coro di Odalisehe.. " Oh qual perenne" Cavatina "Vola talor dal Carcere" Coro ed inno Scena ed Aria "Cento leggiadre Vergini" Terzetto Finale " Voi tacete fo non" will be produced in a few days, in the Orignal Key and Italian langua-e—the first time of performance in this country—in addition to the usual attractions. Mr. F. JONGIIMANS, Musical Director. Also, in preparation, Selections from Verdi's New Operas, "Un Ballo in Maschera." "Simon Boccanegra ;" and Flo tow's celebrlated Opera of "Stradella." • HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Titts DAY. —Morning, 4h. 26m.—Afternoon, 4h. 46m To•MORROW.-Morning, sh. 9m.—Afternoon, sh. 26m. TH WEATHER.—SUN OFFICM, JAN. 30, 1861. THEILMOXETEIt, IN TIM SHADS. 46—highest since noon yesterday. 36—lowest this morning and during the night. 42 —this day at noon. BAROMETER---30.19. WIND—South -Westerly—rather fresh ; a ith dull weather. , a. ..., • 1 1 / 4 . , ''-g w . ...,:!`(:!\;' : 7 , '''' - frlL.2_,_,,, `--;,' • ' ' ,i• , 1 , '-to!"*_.••••-•"" 0 ', s . 4: 7 :, -,, ~ ~ '} v~. ~~ ~.aJ4"xi . THE SUN. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JAN. 30, 1861 • The Italian Parliament now being elected will have to decide as—the first problem of all submitted to them for solution—the vital question of annexa tion, or rather, it should be said, of Unification. It will speedily be seen, therefore, whether Prince METTERNICH was altogether correct in his cynical sneer about Italy having no more than a " geographical expression." As something towards .ct the settlement of this still pending difficulty, there has been latterly observed in active operation throughout the Roman peninsula a movement of a very extraordinary kind among the various States of that great country—a movement more or less Active, but all tendi,ng in precisely the same direc tion. It has been actually there to all intents and purposes. of late as though, upon the alternately smooth and agitated surface of time, or of affairs (just as we may please to call it), the rods of the different ruling Powers of Italy had been afloat, drifting hither and thither, upon the surface of the current—those rods heretofore the sceptres of different Italian Princes, henceforth (it is in tended) to be bound up firmly and permanently together into the fasces of a single dominant au- thority The binding together of these symbolical rods will be the first work set apart for the New Italian Parliament. And for the simplification of that solemn and responsible duty, it has latterly come to pass, in obedience to one of the recognised laws of nature as defined in the rudimentary treatises upon natural philosophy, that the "smaller of the floating bodies have clustered, one after another about the largest, in accordance with the simple force of a superior attraction or of gravitation. Have we not seen it ? Is it not - visible to the whole world Sardinia, the chief of the Powers that be, yonder in that beautiful and noblo Italy, has drawn to wards her in succession Lombardy, Parma, Mo dena, Tuscany, the "'Emilia, Naples, Sicily. The smaller sceptres or rods of power have floated, in obedience to the force of gravitation; to that chief sceptre of Sardinia, to that sceptre already armed with the axe of auth orit y ! Already, therefore, the powers of the new Italian" Kingdom can be recognised at this moment as existing loosely. Around the separate rods thus together self-collected it is only needful now that the Parliament of the Roman Peninsula should draw securely the bond of Unification. Europe is the s p e ctator. Beyond the frontiers of the new kin g d om are countless sympathisers. And even those who are far from sympathising in the liberation of Italy by the Italians themselves—even those stand around, too, simply as spectators. They are powerless to act, they are powerless to interfere. The fiat has gone forth from Frande and from England—reluetantly,tardily itmay be from France —earnestly, resolutely from En g l an d— t h e man date of the epoch, the policy of theage—Non intervention ! Rtu . sia, even the haughty and inso lent autocracy of R ussia, does not interfere. Her ambassador to the late Court of Naples, it will be observed, has now, within the last few days, now that FRANCIS 11. is manifestly in extremis, his excel lency the diplomatic representative of the CZAR to the Court of the King (still) of GAETA bas, very recently, as the latest indication of the power lessness of Russia, withdrawn from the side of the King, (of Gaeta) to Rome ! This—from Russia! ._ . Then as to Austria—well she, too, is surely and ' obviously powerless in the presence of the Italian movement, With ten million Hungarians upon her flank straining like bloodhounds in the slip— with her coffers empty and her credit exhausted — with all the military force at her command occupied in holding down the few Italian provinces remain , ing to her, Venetia and the Quadrilateral, from an insurrectionary outburst. Prussia has some how rather too many anxieties of her own upon her hands to trouble herself, even if so disposed, by interfering with the Italians in the dissipation of theirs. England and France, we have already seen are long sifice sufficiently conscious, have clearly and unalterably pronounced in favour of non-intervention. So much for the five great Powers of Europe. As to the smaller Powers those need scarcely be taken into account seriously in a matter affecting so vitally the interests of all Christendom. Even the most ambitious among them, that kingdom of Spain that was once the great ruling power in both hemispheres, even Spain that actually aspired the other day to assume her place among the chief powers of Europe, making a sixth at the Council Board of Christendom—even Spain who a year ago was dealing so haughtily in arms with the warriors of the Emperor of MOROCCO —has contented herself (and no wonder) with sending a present of gunpowder to the young King of GAETA in his beleaguered stronghold, forwarding to FRANCIS 11. the assurances of her sympathy with all that " villainous saltpetre." The Italians in effect have all still pretty securely and pretty comfortably to themselves. Upon themselves will rest, therefore, in a great measure, almost entirely their future destinies. They have already passed through the ordeal of many battle-fields. They have now to pass through another and a very different ordeal, that of discussions and divisions in Parliament. The representatives of the various provinces in that Parliament are now fast mus tering—are being sent thither to that new legis lature of Italy rejuvinated—by the Piedmontese, by the Lombards, by the Parmese, by the Modenese, by the Tuscans, by the Romagnese, by the Neapolitans. Let those representatives but remember that local interests ought, at this crisis of their destinies, to be subordinated by them to the ulterior interests of the whole Italian Penin sula, and all will go as well and as smoothly in the Italian Parliament, as it went well with the pro vinces themselves, when one after another they were abandoned, for several months together, to their own resources in self-government. Anarchy alone was predicted then and anarchy existed only in those sinister prophecies. So may it be now in the bosom of the new Italian Parliament. There, all jealousies and heartburnings should be forgotten, The Italian alone ought in each instance to be recognised, and not in any one instance the mere provincial—not the Tuscan or the Modenese, not the Lombard or the Par mese, not the Romagnese, the Piedmontese, or the Neapolitan. It should be recollected, too, by these new representatives of this new nationality that, while Europe is watching them closely, some with secret hatred, but the most with sympathy—the first question of all that will come before them to be answered plainly—Aye or No—will, accordingly as it may be answered, give the keynote for good or for evil to the future peninsula. of the whole Romalt is for tunately a question that is simple enough. It is already put ; may we not say it is already answered—[answered, though the Par liament by which it will have to be answered has not yet assembled, though that Parliament has not yet even had numbered up its full complement of representatives]----it is the one root question to Italy of her Unification. Economy and Retrenchment is excellent advice to most of us. Even the richest sometimes need it, for we have all a strange facility for approaching the margin of our incomes. And then the Re trenchment is not felt when Economy produces it; for good management leaves us as good results as we obtained by ill-advised prodigality. The diffi culty lies in teaching the good adminstration, from which Retrenchment of expenditure follows rather with pleasure and satisfaction than inconvenience. Economy is not niggardliness and pinching; it is doing all things in the best way, and it cannot be the best if there be waste of resources. The highest efficiency by the least expenditure necessary topro cure it, is what should be understood by Economy. This, however, in national even more than in pri vate business, is a difficult problem ; and we do not find that Mr. BRIGHT, who seems to have de livered such a long and passionate philippic against our national expenditure last night, did much towards its solution. It was but too easy to show how we had gone on increasing our expenditure till it reached the enormous amount, unparalleled we believe in time of peace, at which it arrived last year. The difficulty was to shew how to get back again, without impair ing our defensive strength. Be it, as Mr. BRIGHT thinks, delusion, or be it wisdom, while all Europe eats, drinks, and sleeps on its arms, we do not think the English nation will easily be pur suaded to go to sleep without pistols beneath its pillow. We do not indeed imagine that any one in particular thinks of attacking and robbing us ; but when the nations all around us are accoutred like brigands, we prefer to " keep our powder dry," as well as "to trust in God." Rather we should say, it were impious to trust Him while we neg lected the plainest precautions for our safety. There are two ways in which economy and retrenchment might be taught to our governors, and both have the sanction of precedent and expe rience. One is the regular orthodox House of Commons one, of a Committee. The evil is that Committees are of very slow operation, and waste an immense amount of time and paper on irrele vant questions and answers. Still, if fairly constructed, they do elicit a great deal of informa tion ; and a member of Parliament who devotes himself to the subject, by the help of a good Committee, and well arranged returns, may let daylight into most of the dark corners where our money is muddled away unobserved. Mr. BRIGHT and his colleagues in opinion would do excellent service, if they would resolutely devote themselves to this work. Unless the general public are much misinformed, the Admiralty in its man agement throughout, its Dockyard management especially, is a most fertile source of waste. Now, we want to know on authority. what is the true state of things ; whether, as alleged, we might have better built ships, and better equipped and manned, at half the cost or so. No one desires to pinch and save by grinding down seamen's wages and the pay of efficient officers; hut, some of the broad facts, such, for instance, as those proclaimed by Lord C. PAGET, have persuaded the public that half its money is spent not on ships but on blunders in building them. We should like, therefore, to have found Mr. BRIGHT and his friends pledging themselves to move for two or three com mittees to overhaul the general management, and the details of expenditure in the navy, at the Horse Guards, and on the miscellaneous estimates also. The prospect of having such committees to face would alone have done much to keep down the THE S f CTN, CLONDON' WEDNESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 30, 1861. the still more scattered and isolated efforts of in dividuals. Let us recollect at least that our lon. don llorrors are n)w being brought vividly under the French microscope. CORK, BLARNEY. AND MACROOM .RAILWAY. This bill came before Mr. Frere, one of the examiners of the Houses of Lords and Commons, in room 16 of the House of Commons, this day, the 30th January inst. Messrs. Hearon and Clabon, Parliamentary, agents, with Mr. Thomas Barry, of Cork, the solicitcr to the bill, attended. The examiner declared the standing orders to have been complied with. We learn that tle bill will be introduced on the first clay of the session. 111? HULLAH. estimates of 1861, • and without detriment to the efficiency of the pub lic service. Another mode, a nd it is one which might be combined with the I former, of compelling Ministers to economise, is to refuse the means of extrava- game or carelessuc.as. We must indeed assume hat we have such. an amount of patriotism in the Government that it vi ill make the smaller sum do he work of the larger, and not cut off more than would leave what was r eallp sufficient. But, with this caution, no plan is s 9 efficient as that of stop- ping the superfluous sup.nlies. This was indeed the wisdom of our *ncestoi If our readers will turn to another column thy will find a sketch from the pen of Lord BRoLIGHAm, of the battle foughtby the people, and theret 'ore by the Commons, of 1816, against the old income tax ; and they will see how the proudest of the Tories, the lord who denounced the people's " impatience of taxation," had to yield to the wisdom - which he scoffed at as ignorance. The Government -wished to maintain a war establishment and war taxes for some time after the peace. The people refused their assent, and made their refusal tell. The income tax vanished, revised estimates were brought in, economy and retrenchment followed. We can hardly doubt that oar ancestors took the wisest course. They did not—Mr. BRIGHT says he will not do it—hack at hundreds of pounds, while millions were being squandered, they went straight at the millions. They alleged all the arguments against the Income-tax which we now do, and they laid special stress on its being a war tax ; the tax which ought to be kept in reserve for war, and which it is treachery to our strength in time of war to continue in time of peace. On what arti cles of commerce could a Chancellor of the Exche quer, with any hope of success, lay duties now, if he needed to raise more money in time of war His only resource, then, must be direct taxation; to fore stall that source of Revenue therefore, appropriate to the hoar of extremity, and to make it a part of the regular taxation of the State is, really, as dangerous to our security as to leave us without an adequate army or navy. Should war break out, we shall assuredly need supplies of money as we shall ships and soldiers. It is tantamount to leaving the country without a war tax to prolong the income tax, merely to repeal Customs' duties to which Manchester objects. The other social and fiscal arguments against the tax which render it an abomination now, were not less felt then. Yet, if we remember rightly, it had one injustice less than those to which we are sub jected. The Peel-Gladstone income-tax makes no allowance for the number to be maintained by any income. The poor clerk, whose income is, in fact, the income of half a dozen or half a score persons, who must maintain a wife and family out of it, pays just the same as the man whose entire income is devoted to his own support. A considerable allowance was made for families formerly; indeed, Sir ROBERT PEEL'S only excuse for not doing it was that the tax was intended to be temporary ! We need not repeat what almost any one knows by experience, respecting the cruelly unjust incidence of the tax on the incomes whch have to be earned by labour, skill, and risk. No man has yet been found to deny it. Mr. GLADSTONE himself has condemned the hopeless iniquity of the tax, in language as strong as any one. We would then suggest to Mr. BRIGHT and the Manchester School, that if they mean to effect anything, they must place the Government under the swcessity of economy. They must select the ini quitoug ?oar tax, and demand that it be reserved for war. They will not deprive the Government of the entire amount raised by the tax, for part of it will come back in the shape of increased consumption ; but they will have cut off as much as will compel a revision of the estimates, and probably a permanent reform in the money-spending Departments themselves. A French Magazine, it is said, will soon throw a flood of light for Parisian eyes upon the disease, the squalor, and the poverty festering among great masses of our London population. "They manage these things better in France" as well as others to which the Rev. LAURENCE STERNE alluded in his famous journey as a sentimentalist. They manage these things far better, do our Gallic neighbours; and they will now know that they do (to our shame) if this announced design on the part of the Paris magazine be but dUly realized. It is not by any, means for want of a knowledge of the miseries rife in London that we have done so little, and that little so indifferently in the way of striving to dissipate them, or even (to any appreciable extent) to diminish them, The squalor of the back slums of the English capital is a very old story indeed to Englishmen generally, but particularly to Londoners. Mr. DICKENS has, with his benign genius, brought the frightful truth in this matter to light in many and many of his wonderful descriptions of the condition of the humblest classes of his fellow-countrymen. Every one remembers Tom all Alone's. And the name is the name not of a locality, but of a class of localities. And the Brothers MAYHEW have, with rare industry and varied ability, done their part too in the wholesome toil of exposure. Of this fact let HORACE MAYHEW'S story of the "City paved with Gold," and HENRY MAYHEW'S statistics accumulated in the terrible chapters of his " London Labour and the London Poor," bear witness. Our charitable societies again have been more or less frequently, and accord ing to their energy more or less effectually drawing the veil of conventional ignorance aside, and laying bare an appalling diversity of hidden wretchedness. Journalism has assisted continually in furthering these humane efforts. We ourselves have so far the consolation of remembering that for years past we have striven to forward the good cause _however, by necessity, our efforts in this way have been made, for the most part, intermitently. The Morning Chronicle a dozen years back toiled through much of that Slough of Despond, choking up the back ways of London, toiled through much of it effectively and systematically. An intelligent ' and benevolent representative of our contemporary the Morning Post has been now very recently penetrating into those miserable haunts of vice and anguish, constituting a fearfully large proportion of the externally wealthy and well-to-do mass of these twin cities of London and Westminster. The , correspondent of the Post has done this very strik ingly, indeed, and very eloquently—exposing to view, one after another, a series of appalling sights,otitle f these de o awakenedf among nsoi London tn nt the i og a no designated by cuurhrif horrors. o r s London tot li yir i osn m a. n Horrors o Irter d xo antler is ,c.si ttte t hhd h ae e tt hh collective o s ll aoemfc revelationalt aiv amaze ment ment of the Parisians. And to the interest thus excited among the Parisians we have to attribute the rumour of the design already spoken of as entertained by one of the French Magazines. An announcement like this ought to shame us at last into some more comprehensive and systematic endeavours than any that have yet been adventured upon with a view.to the clearing away of so much squalor and wretched ness ! To this end the Government ought to come to the aid of scattered societies, and to the aid of TO TAE EDITOR OP THE SUN. Stn, —Scarcely a public musical performance has taken place of late on the large scale which nowadays receives acceptance, without the aid of a considerable number of Mr. Hullah's late upper schools, but somehow or other their services are but barely acknowledged. From the accounts in several of the daily papers of the recent performance at St. Paul's it would appear that the chorus was that of the Sacred Harmonic Society. It ought to be stated that a large proportion—l think about a third —were members of the upper schools. I think this fact deserves to be known it a time when appeal is being made in Mr. Hullah's behalf. It may be added flat all the amateur societies are now strongly reinforced by persons who have been Mr. Hullah's pupils, and it is not alleging too much to say that but for him the gigantic chomses now frequently assembled in London would have bean impossible. Yours, &c., Jan. 29. ONE CF MR. HULLAH'S PUPILS. The late Mr. Mathew Uzielli headed:the list of guarantees for the Exhibition of 1862 for the munificent sum of £lO,OOO. It appears that the executors under his will have no legal power to continue this guarantee. How ever, Mrs. Uzielli, his widow, supplies his place for the amount of £5,000, whilst his brother, Mr. Theodorious Uzielli, has added his name for £3,000. Lord Leigh has offered, through the Coventry School of Art, to give two medals—a gold one for the best fancy ribbon, in style, make, and harmony of colour ; and a silver one for the best six designs for ribbons. Lady Leigh is about to gave a prize for the best plain ribbon, having special reference to cheapness as well as quality. The officers and crew of her Majesty's ship Sanspareil have contributed one day's pay each for the poor weavers of Coventi y. The Sentinella of Brescia states that the autho• rities of that town had forbidden the wearing of the Gari baldi uniform by any one who could not show authentic documents proving him to have belonged to the Southern army. This step bad been taken in consequence of dis turbances got up by i.retended Garibaldians. His Excellency the Count de Lavradio, who has been suffering from a severe cold, has gone to St. Leonard's to re-establish his health. The circumstance of the proposal for an exchange by the Bank of France of £1,200,000 in silver for gold from the Imperial Bank at St. Petersburg having been broken off has created some surprise, and led to conjectures as to the possibility of political feeling having been mixed up with the event. The arrangement was considered an accomplished fact both in Paris and St. Petersburg, but the Emperor of Russia is understood at the last moment to have refused his sanction. M. Caussidiere, the French prefect of police in the early days of the Republic of 1848, died on Saturday of a cancer in the stomach, at the age of 52. . M. Fould is now in Toulon, and, as it is said, paying particular attention to naval affairs. "It is affirmed," says the Presse, " that the Polytechnic School is about to be removed from its present locality to a building erected on part of the Luxemburg garden." Decamps' picture of the " Ane et les Chiens Sevens," which was seen at the French Universal Exhi bition, was sold yesterday by M. Fillet, at the sale-rooms of the Rue Drouot, for 27,000 francs. It formed part of the collection of M. Albert, formerly dancer at the French Opera. THE MURDER IN LIVERPOOL.—The uncle of Donegan atilllies in & very precarious state at the hospital. The inquest on the body of Cassidy will be opened to-day. At present the young man Thomas Donegan, who killed Cassidy and so seriously injured his uncle, is at large. THE LATE ACCIDENT ON THE BRANCH DOCK LINE OF THE LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY.— At the Liverpool coroner's court yesterday the adjourned inquiry into the circumstances attending this deplorable ac cident was resumed. Mr. Newlands, the borough engineer, being detained in London with important Parliamentary business, the inquiry was further adjourned until the 6th of February. Francis Volant, who was condemned to death at the last assizes of the Loire-Inferieure for the murder of M. Daniou, receiver of taxes at Moisdon, was executed two days back at Chateaubriant, to which place ho was removed from the prison of Nantes. The prisoner, since his con. demnation, had never entertained the least hope of a re prieve or manifested any fear of death, and he maintained the same composure to the last moment. A serious accident occurred at Saint-Valery sous-Bures (Seine-Inferieure), to a servant, a young man named Tolain, who had the imprudence to throw gunpowder into the kitchen fire from a powder-horn which he held in his hand. The consequence was that all the powder in the horn exploded, and so dreadfully shattered his hand that immediate amputation was necessary. In the Paris corn market during the past week the tendency has been downwards. The four marks of flour were quoted at 64fr. 75c. the sack of 157 kilos. Wheat was ob tained readily at 35fr. 75c. the hectolitre and a half. Rye was rather offered, but the price remained firm at 23fr. 50c. the 115 kilos. Barley was in demand at 20fr. 50c. the 100 kilos. _ _ ------- From a statistical table drawn up for the last and some preceding years it appears that the average annual number of deaths of persons of one hundred years in France is 148 ; and that the fifteen departments in which the greatest longevity is attained stand in this order : Be.- ses-Pyrene'es, Dordogne, Calvados, Gers, Puy .de- Dome, Ariege, Aveyron, Gironde, Landes, Centel, Doubs, Seine, and Tarn-et-Garonne. It thus appears that people live longest in mountainous regions. Some surprise may bp felt at seeing the Seine (Paris) cited among the depart ments most remarkable for longevity. FRIGHTFUL DEATH OF A FEMALE SERVANT.—On Friday evening, about five o'clock, a cry of " Fire I fire I" was heard in the house of Mrs. Berrill, hairdresser, of Mercer's-row. Some of the passers-by immediately ran to give notice to the superintendent of the engines, and in a few minutes Charles Smith, jun., was on the spot. The services of the engines, however, were nut required, as it was not the house but the female servant who was in flames. From information gathered on the spot we ascer tained that the poor girl, who had lived only a very short time with Mrs. Berrill, lighted a paraffin lamp, which she was in the act of carrying from one room to another, when it accidentally slipped from her hands and was broken. The oil burnt on the ground, and the unfor tunate deceased put her foot on it to put out the blaze, when her under dress caught fire, and from the inflam mable nature of the oil she was immediately enveloped in flames, and in less than ten minutes was a corpse.— Voi thampten Herald. The New York commercial advices show that gold shipments from this country were resulting in loss, and that about £1,300,000 still remained to arrive out. It was every day becoming more difficult to find employment for money, and stocks were steadily rising, the news of the advance of the Bank rate of discount to 6 per cent. on the 31st December having produced but little effect. This; abundance of money, coupled with the belief that the rate of exchange would be firmly maintained, was operating favourably in inducing merchants to discharge promptly their foreign debts, and the present mail has brought remit tances to cover liabilities which will not fall due for several weeks. A further issue of £1,000,000 Treasury bonds was to be made at Washington on the 19th instant. The method of bidding was to be the same as for the preceding £1,000,000, each tender specifying the lowest amount of interest that would be ac cepted for the year, and it was thought that the whole might, perhaps, be taken at a rate a little less than 12 per cent. The railway traffic totals from the West continued satisfactory. FATAL QUARREL IN LIVERPOOL—A disturbance which occurred on Saturday night in Johnson-street, Dale street, Liverpool, led unfortunately to the most serious re sults. It appears that some men were drinking in a public house in Dale-street kept by Messrs. Mellor and Llewellyan. During the time they were drunk some angry words trans pired, which ultimately ended in their being turned out. No sooner had they reached the street than the quarrel assumed a much more turbulent appearance, and the ser vice of a policeman was called into requisition before the parties would move off from before the public house. One or two of the men walked away in different directions, but the remainder, four or five, passed into Trueman-street, where the row was resumed by two of the men, named respectively Cassidy and Donnovan. After a few words, Cassidy drew a sheath-knife and stabbed Donnovan in the neck, completely severing the windpipe. Death was in stantaneous ; and on an uncle of Cassidy, who was present, going to lift up the dead body of Donnovan, the assassin immediately rushed at his uncle, stabbed him three times in the neck, and then decamped. The murdered man was taken to the dead-house, and the elder Cassidy removed to the Royal Infirmary, where he lies in a state of uncon sciousness. Up to a late hour on Sunday night no trace of the murderer bal. beau discovered, N (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) PARIS, SAN. 30. The Moniteur announces that a first warning has been given to the Courrier du Dintanche. The letter of Count Persigny, Minister of the Interior, in explaining the reasons for this decision, says :—" I should betray the interests of the State in tolerating discussion on the principle of the Imperial Government, and still less that this prin ciple should be outraged." The Minister adds :—" I have learnt that M. Ganeseo, author of the article in question, and editor of the Courrier du Dimanche, is a foreigner. I am astonished that he should have come here to insult the institutions of France, and I have ordered the Prefect of Police to expel him from France." The 21Ioniteur also announces that the committee for examining the Senattis Consultunt on the publi cation of accounts of the sittings has decided that these accounts must consist either in a full repro• duction of the debates or in an account of the sit- tings drawn up under the authority of the Presi. dent of the Senate. TURIN, JAN. 29. In many places it has been necessary to vote by ballot. In examining the total number of definitive elections, it appears that one fifth only of the mem bers elected belong to the Opposition. The elec tions in the Neapolitan and Sicilian provinces have been conducted with order and tranquillity. PESTH, JAN. 30. The General Assembly at Warasding has unani mously resolved upon the annexation of Croatia, and the restitution of the Mur Island to Hungary. THE SIEGE OF GAETA. NAPLES, JAN. 28. A flag of truce was yesterday sent from Gaeta to the fleet. An Italian steamer immediately proceeded to the fortre:s, and the firing was afterwards suspended on both sides. Deserters from the Bourbon army speak of a project to surrender Gaeta. The fire of the Cavalli cannons has been mar- vellous. VIENNA, JAN. 29. Prince Petrulla, Ambassador of King Francis 11. at Vienna, has received an autograph letter from Gaeta, in which the King declares that he intends fighting to the last. It is stated that on Prince Petrulla's demanding at St. Petersburg for what reason M. de Wol konsky, the Russian Minister, had left Gaeta, Prince Gortschakoff replied that the representa tive of Russia was more useful to Francis 11. at Rome than at Gaeta. BERLIN, JAN. 29 The report that France had demanded explana tions on account of the speeches delivered by the King since his accession to the throne is denied in Ministerial and diplomatic quarters. ST. PETERSBURG, JAN. 29, It is asserted that the Grand Russian Railway Company is about to contract a loan abroad of 25,000,000 roubles, in bonds of 4 per cent. The price at which these bonds are to be issued is not yet known. No doubt is entertained here as to the success of the loan. THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY, The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Pera, Captain Jamieson, Ix ith the heavy portion of the above mails, has arrived. She brings 63 pas sengers and a general cargo, including raw silk, value upwards of £160,000. On the 2d instant she passed her Majesty's ship Firefly, steering east. The Ceylon had left Gibraltar for Alexandria. The Mavrocordatos, with Garibaldians on board► had left Gibraltar for London on the 23d instant. Previous to her departure, the Garibaldians ad dressed letters of thanks to his Excellency the Go vernor for the kind treatment they had received. The British steamer Victor, from Plymouth, had arrived at Cadiz. On the 17th inst., the Marquis de la Victoria, bound to Tetuan with a squadron of Albuera cavalry, was run into by a schooner. The Emily Wylde, with a cargo of Indian corn, had left Magazan for Coik.—Latest accounts from Melilla state, with respect to the question of limits, that the Chief of the Kabyles continued to hold meetings. The Moors of Frajama and Cobierizas were opposed to giving up their homes unless the Emperor indemnified them for loss, and preferred paying tribute to the Queen of Spain, if protection and security of property were guaranteed to them. Gibraltar exchanges and freights unaltered. DENMARK. A letter from Copenhagen, dated 23d inst., says— " The Government continues to receive patriotic addresses from every part of the monarchy, en couraging it to persist in its resistance to the pretentions of Germany. Public opinion approves in every point the energetic measures of defence which the Ministry has ordered by land and sea. " A fact worthy of observation is that captains of the merchant marine of Holstein and Schleswig have notified to the Minister of Marine that they were at his disposal in consequence of the appeal addressed to the captains of the merchant service to serve as auxiliary officers on board the men of war. This willingness shows that the national animosity which has been reported to prevail gene rally in the Duchies against Denmark is not so great as the organs of the German press endeavour to make Europe believe. " To be quite prepared for every eventuality the Government has now invited all medical men and sanitary officers to place themselves at its disposal should hostilities be commenced by the German Confederation. The greatest activity is visible in the naval department. Gunboats drawing very little water are under construction for the purpose of running up the rivers of Germany, so as to cut off all communication by sea. " The last despatch which Baron de Schleinita has thought fit to address to Count Bernstorff, the Prussian Minister at London, has not exercised the slightest influence on the policy of our Government towards Germany ; it is, moreover, difficult to make out exactly what could have induced the Berlin Cabinet to give so great a publicity to that despatch at the German Courts. " The Prussian Government must know that Denmark has arrived at the last limits of conces sions, and that, by its condescension it only perhaps too much encouraged the pressure which, from time immemorial, Germany has always endeavoured to exercise on the Danish nation." FRANCE. The ilioniteur publishes an Imperial decree, creat ing a medal in commemoration of the expedition to China i❑ 1860. It is to be in silver, and of the ordinary size. On one side will be the effigy of the Emperor, with the words—" Napoleon 111., Empereur ;" and on the other—" Expedition de Chine, 1860," with the names " Ta-kou," " Chang kiawan," " Pa-li-kiao," And "Peking," surrounded by a laurel wreath. It is to be worn on the left breast, attached to a yellow ribbon, with the word " Peking" woven in it in blue and in Chinese characters, and will be given to all who have taken part in the expedition. The following is a letter in which Garibaldi thanks M. de Kersausie for the present of the sword of La Tour d'Auvergne:— " Caprera, Jan. 2. " I have received the sword of La Tour d'Au vergne—that sword which the Consuls of the French Republic awarded to the bravest man of the French army—to the bravest of an army which trampled under its giant's feet and buried beneath the dust the thrones and tyrants of Europe. This honour surpasses all that the aspirations of a warrior could dream of. I accept it, not only with all the gratitude of which I am capable, but, moreover, as a mark of the sympathy of France for all oppressed nationalities. The initiative of the great political reforms, which must consecrate the fraternity of nations, still belongs to France. " GARIBALDI." BOURSE, Jan: 29.—The market improved at the commencement of business, but again receded in consequence of sales for realisation. For the Ac count, Threes, after having been done 68f., are now at 67f 85c ; Mobilier, 673 f 75c ; Orleans, 1,397 f 50c; Mediterranean, 918 f 75c ; Austrian, 476 f 25c ; Lom bard, 475 f. Prices again rallied previous to the close. The following are the last quotations :- 41 per per Cents ... 97 25 Credit Fonder 925 Do end month.... 97 20 Belgian 4f 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 05'' Roman Bank Shares 2895 —; Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 677 50 Spanish Threes 4B Do. Account .. 6BO Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1397 50 .. 1396 25 Northern New ditto B9O .. 890 Lyons and Mediterranean 918 75 .. 920 Geneva 370 .. 375 Southern 516 25 .. 517 50 Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian Lombard . 477 50 .. 480 THE SIEGE OF GAETA. A letter from Naples, dated Jan. 24, says : The Official Journal of this morning publishes the notification of the blockade of Gaeta, which I send to you entire : " Considering the regular siege of the land side already advanced by the royal troops of his Ma jesty before Gaeta— " That the city and port of Gaeta are a fortress and not a commercial port— " That the anchoring of any vessel at Gaeta must be regarded as an operation understood to provision and assist the besieged— " That to prohibit the anchorage of vessels in the maritime port of Gaeta, cannot disturb the pacific commerce of neutral powers— "l, the undersigned vice-admiral commander-in chief of the naval forces of his Majesty Victor Emmanuel, before Gaeta, in concert with his Ex cellency Gen. Cialdini, commander-in•chief of the besieging force, declare by the present in the name of my Government, and make it known to all who have any interest in the matter, that I have esta blished an effective blockade of the fort of Gaeta and its coast lying between Torre S. Agostino on the one part. and Mola on the other, with the ob ject of impeding the introduction of provisions to the besieged. For the effects of the present notifica tion, an account is held of the declaration of the 16th April, 1856, stipulated in the Conference of Paris, out of regard to the interest of neutral powers. " Given at Gaeta, Jan. 20, 1861. " Vice-Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the nava forces of his Majesty before Gaeta, " DI PERSANO." A letter from Mola di Gaeta, dated Jan. 21, says : "It is generally asserted here that the fair Queen —the unhappy wife of Francis ll.—left Gaeta yes terday morning, on board the Spanish steamer, for Rome, together with Marchioness Reata, her lady in waiting. The command of the place has been con ferred on General Viale, the same officer who was kind to me when I was a prisoner at Gaeta. He is a man of nearly seventy, who has served five different governments, and who will, I think, serve that of Victor Emmanuel with the same fidelity, when this business of Gaeta is at an end. Neapo litan generals are used to change masters, and they do not feel so scrupulously about doing so as mili tary men of other nations would. This morning, as I was coming from the Sardinian lines, I had an opportunity of witnessing the good nature of the Italian soldier. Although access to the Borgo has been forbidden to all civilians since last November, and its population has been ordered by Cialdini to leave the place, yet some poor old people were still sticking to their desolate" homes. One of these was a poor old woman of 76. As she had no relations, nobody took care of her when the order for clearing the village arrived. Left to her self in a small room, without provisions of any sort, she was soon on the verge of starvation, when the Piedmontese besiegers, who had been quartered in a house near, discovered her. She was so ill, so weak, that her discoverer did not think she was fit to be removed to Mola. The old woman was at once proclaimed the grandmother of the regiment, and they undertook the charge of making her room more comfortable and feeding her with their rations. She would have remained there until the siege is over, or until a shell had burst in her room and killed her, but the day before yesterday a still stricter order was issued from headquarters to remove from the Borgo every human being who did not belong to the regiment on duty. What was to be done ? The order was absolute ; there was no mistake about it. The Bersaglieri applied, therefore, to a regimental surgeon. The doctor came, and after a close examination, he said that the old woman might be safely removed on a donkey ; for, after all, the distance between the Borgo and Castellone was not great. A donkey was soon found, and on its saddle a sort of arm chair was placed. The poor crc2ture was placed on it, and then brought in state to this village. I met the party on my way back from tiio camp, and it was like a triumphal march. The soldiers kept the spirits of the old woman up with all sorts of affectionate jokes, and she was safely carried to a snil.ll room which they had hired for her. This morning I went to pay my usual visit to Cialdini's staff at Villa Composele, and I foam' the head-quarters crowded with naval officers. Admiral Persano was in close colloquy with the Commander in-Chief, General Menabi ea, the director of the Eu- gineers. and Colonel Piola, the chief of Cialdini's staff. The gallant conqueror of Castelfidardo has formed his staff of the elite of the Italian youth. There are the Marquis Mosti d'Este, from Ferrara; Count Emmanuel Borromeo, of the illustrious Milanese family ; Marquis Seristori, from Florence; and Count San Marsan, a Piedmontese nobleman of the highest attainments. The staff of General Cialdini is therefore generally considered as the most distinguished of the Italian army. If we except Garibaldi, the illustrious general to whom the siege of Gaeta has been entrusted is at the same time the most popular and the most able general of the peninsula, With such elements at work there is no doubt that the place will be compelled to capi tulate when a serious attack is made against it. The New York Commercial Advertiser mentions that during the week ending the 13th of January the im portations of foreign merchandise amounted to about £1,100,000, or nearly as much as the totals of two weeks in the middle of January, 1859, and January, 1860. Under these circumstances the public were beginning to recover confidence and to recognise the fact that no political altera tions that may take place will be likely to disturb the channels to which the business of the country has through several generations naturally adapted itself. Of course, the South may produce a great change by resorting to free trade, but it is always open to the North to do the same. With regard to the prospects for the spring, it is remarked. " We look for a fair degree of activity, and think that our manufacturers should prepare themselves to meet the de mand morally certain to arise." The people of the Nor thern and Western States, it is added, are all highly pros perous, and it is not their nature to deny themselves luxuries when these can be procured. "If the lower tier of States suffer from want and temporary political troubles, the others have seldom been in so rich a condition, and these, after all, must be our main ot dependence." B UCKLEYS' SERENADERS-ST. JAMES'S HALL This talented company of Serenaders announce this to be their last week but one in the metropolis owing to the number of provincial engagements entered into by them on their arrival in England, for performances in the spring. In the metropolis, for the last eight or nine months, this eminent Yankee Troupe has been most welcome, althougk London had previously been almost driven crazy by the noises from the bones and banjos of legions of " Nigger" gentlemen. The Buckley Entertain ment was an entirely novel one, and therefore its peculiar charm. It is true we have the everlasting " bones "amongst the performers, but then, who ever heard, before the arrival of the Buckleys, of the performance of Harold's overture to " Zampa" on these primitive instruments ? yet such an extra ordinary feat has nightly been accomplished by the inimitable G. Swain Buckley. Then, again, was there ever, in "a band of blacks," an instrumen talist even approaching Mr. Fredk. Buckley, the talented composer of the troupe ? We answer immediately, most certainly not, and with these and other attractions it is no wonder that the St. James's Hall has been crowded ever since their opening night. The Buckleys' Serenaders have, we think, been dealt with rather harshly by the law authorities, by being prohibited from continuing their Burlesque Operas, on the ground that such an entertainment was an infringement on the rights of the theatres. During the time they were represented they were the source of great profit and harmless enjoyment to thousands, and it is to be regretted that they are precluded from now performing them. We must confess we cannot see the justice of prohibiting burlesque opera in one hall while burlesque comedy is permitted at another—not a hundred miles from " The Buckleys' ". 'We leave the solution of " What is a stage play and what is not" to wiser heads than our own to decide; but as our motto has always been "free trade," we in our simple minds imagine the Buckleys have, as long as certain other " performances" are permitted, as good a right to .;•present their burlesque operas as any of the numerous caterers for the amusement of the public. We can imagine what an outcry there would have been had, to use a vulgar but expres sive phrase, the boot been on the other leg—had the Buckleys been Englishmen, and Lon don, New York. Notwithstanding this very serious drawback, the Buckleys have been very highly patronised, but certainly not beyond their merits, either as vocalists or instrumentalists. They have our best wishes for success in the provincial tour they are about to take ; and when they return to London, they may fairly rely upon being most warmly welcomed. GARIBLDI AND THE ITALIAN EMIGRANTS. The emigrants scattered throughout the several towns of Italy have formed themselves into a committee, and appointed Garibaldi their president. They named a committee for carrying to Caprera an address, which, while thanking him for what he had already done in behalf of liberty, expressed the confidence they had in an entire and speedy deliverance from the tyranny that kept them away from their homes. But the committee, having informed Garibaldi of their intentions previously to their setting out on their journey, received from him the following letter I am very grateful for the mark of distinction which the Italian emigrants so kindly wished to confer upon me when,they declared me by acclama tion their honorary president. I gratefully accept this honourable title, and I beg you kindly to express to the emigrants my gratitude for their sending to me a deputation as bearers of an address, but I beg them to spare the deputation a journey to Caprera, seeing that I am about to be absent for a time, the length of which I do not know. " Caprera, Dec. 26, 1860. " GARIBALDI." TILE CHINESE WAR FROM A RUSSIAN STAND-POINT. An article in the Northern Bee contains the following observations on the result of the late Chinese war : "It is astonishing that the allies wade such moderate demands when treating for peace with the brother of the Emperor. The Chinese did not expect such generosity from their enemies, whose prisoners they treated in such a barbarous manner, and have therefore good reason to chuckle at being let off' so cheaply, for there have been times when the capital has fallen into the hands of enemies who plundered both the Government and the in habitants without compunction. China has now only a comparatively small indemnity to pay for this war expenses, as compared with what they had to pay to England in 1842, when the contribution amounted to forty-five millions of roubles. The moderation of the victprs this time remains a mys tery, and the question naturally presents itself would the Chinese have been let off so cheaply had they had to do with the English alone ? In this affair we can but admire the far-sighted policy of France. When England commenced hostilities with China, under a very thin pretext, and the Em peror Napoleon might easily have shown his sym pathy for the rebellion of the natives in India, which required the withdrawal of the troops des tined for China, and their immediate employment in quelling the dangerous mutiny of the Sepoys, France offered her assistance and co-operati;rn in punishing the Chinese. At that time it - was fre quently said that England was employing France to get the chesnuts out of the fire, but it is now clear that those persons took a very short-sighted view of the affairs of the East, for England would have still been in time to chastise China after having first put down the rebellion in India ; and, in making war on China with their own resources solely, they would have dictated the terms of peace according to their own interests. After the cap ture of Pekin they wanted to go to work in their own fashion, and place the head of the insurgents on the throie of China ; but the French were of a different opinion, and their English allies did not further insist on it, but yielded the point. It cannot be denied that France has obtained a great moral preponderance in the East, and the eyes of all the countries situated on the Pacific and Southern Oceans are now turned towards that generous nation which de clined to take part in the demands of their avari cious and interested allies. If the Chinese empire be preserved to the present reigning dynasty, they will not forget the important service that France rendered them in the moment of danger. This manoeuvre of the Emperor Napoleon's was worthy of his superior genius, for by it he has outwitted the calculations of routine which have hitherto governed the relations between Europe and the East. France will now enjoy all the advantages that England and India obtain by the treaty, with, moreover, the great moral influence of being con sidered the protector of the Catholics in the East. The superior aptitude of the Catholic missionaries for proselytism is well knovyn. The P ro t es t an t religion does not ingratiate itself so much to the tastes and character of the Orientals, and, therefore, England cannot expect to compete successfully with the Church of Rome in this field. This is the reason why France has already obtained a much firmer footing in China than England has or ever will have in India." The Northern Bee then proceeds to demonstrate that the emigration of the Chinese, to which Eng land raised so many objections, is more favourable, or at least less dangerous to France, and that the Chinese hive ever shown themselves exceedingly punctilious in executing to the letter the stipula tions of the treaties, as is proved by their relations with Russia of more than two centuries, though the latter has often had to swallow many a bitter pill from that quarter. REBELLIONS IN THE UNITED STATES.—Since the organisation of the federal Government there have been 10 attempts made to resist its authority. The first was in 1782, And was a conspiracy of some of the officers of the federal army to consolidate the 13 States into one, and confer the supreme power on Washington. The second was in 1787, called ,t Sh a y's Insurrection," in Massachusetts. The third was in 1794, popularly called "The "Whisky Insur rection of Pennsylvania." The fourth instance was in 1814, by the Hartford Convention Federalists. The fifth, on which occasion the different sections of the Union came into collision, was in 1820, under the administration of Pre sident Munroe, and occurred on the question of the admis sion of Missouri into the Union. The sixth was a collision between the Legislature of Georgia and the federal Govern ment in regard to certain lands given by the latter to the Creek Indians, The seventh was in 1830 with the Chero kees in Georgia. The eighth was the memorable nullifying ordinance of South Carolina in 1832. The ninth was fn 1842, and occurred :n Rhode Island. between the " Suf frage Association" and the State authorities. The tenth was in 1856, on the part of the Mormons, who resisted the federal authority,