The Sun. — London, England, 1827-05-30 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF TM. PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Circular of the Bank of England, which we communicated to the public yesterday, exci ted precisely the agitation which we predicted in the city, and being, as we had likewise intima ted would be the case, very generally reprobated, it was also very generally disowned by the Direc tors of the Bank. Its emission, therefore, must only have been the act of a fcw, which in our mind is no very proper method of conducting business by a public body. We have, indeed, no doubt but that the production issued from the Bank, and was addressed to country bankers of the highest credit : we must therefore treat it as an official document. We are not, indeed, very favourable to the system of country banking as it has been but too generally carried on—by mere country dealers, men of no independent capital : but we are not more favourable to one great monopoly : our observations, therefore, as affecting the reciprocal interests of the Pank of England and country banks, will be impartial. ith respect to the measure itself, it is briefly this—to withdraw the notes of country bankers from circulation, Bank of England notes being given them to issue in the place of their own ; for which Benk of England notes they are to pay an interest to the national bank equal to all the expences incident to the issue of private notes. The gain of tile country banker will therefore be, what he can make by the use of public notes ; and this is calculated for him, to be from two to three per cent. upon the whole issue : it being assumed that he made before cnly about five per cent. in the gross by his trade of banker, of which one half went in printing, issuing, stamp-duty, and interest on the amount of bank paper which he ought to keep to meet return. This being the scheme, what are the ob jects which it affects to compass—the evils which it proposes to remove ? Panic is the great mis chief apprehended, and the periodic recurrence of general distrust. But the truth is, that though distrust in this or that country bank may create local or partial panics, and so consum mate the evil which it, apprehends, yet general panics can only be communicated by and through great bodies, such as the Bank of England. It was not the stoppage of cash payments in 1797, by any private bankers, or by the whole body of them, that occasioned the immeasurable mischief and misery of which we have long been, and are new, the victims, but the stoppage of cash pay ments by the Bank of England. Country banke are not subject, except secondarily and subordi nately, to the shocks of international policy. These are felt by the Bank of England imme diately on their occurrence ; and are communi cated by it to the remotest corners of the em pire. The value of its paper rises or sinks on the most trivial discussion with foreign States. The Circular complains of the double issue of notes from private and public sources. It states " this conflict of action and interest between these two issues to be the main difficulty." The contraction of the Bank issues, " though to the most trifling amount, lays the foundation of alarm ; and the paper-money issued by the country bankers becomes discredited before they can be provided to meet the run -upon their este . - blishments. * It is in this. state of discredit, attending the private paper-money cur rency, that the Bank of England is looked to, not only for gold in exchange for its own totes, but also to supply an almost instanta neous demand to a very great extent, or. the part of those country bankers who have the command of funded or other tangible property to offer as security ; the magnitude of which internal de mand for gold actually places the Bank in the greatest possible danger, and with that danger the credit of the country is placed at hazard." What, we ask, has the Bank of England to do with all this Let it issue only that quantity of paper money of which it need not dread the re turn ; and let country bankers get as much as they can of it, and as much cash and bullion as is' fitting for their- stability. If they have not enough, they must fail, in case of a run. Still it is sufficient for the Bank of England to find gold for it own notes when presented. The Bank has no right to place itself in danger, by supplying the dentrod of country bankers, (with discount no doubt,) upon funded and other tangible property offered as security. But we ask the Bank of England whether, during the late panic, it had gold enough to cash its own notes ? and whether, after all the local panics, the greatest panic of all , - vs not, lest the Bank of England should refuse to 7t its own notes ? But farther : one of the f the many evils which affect our currency, causes (: part of which proceed from the the great.' r Bank itself, is the arbitrary contraction or expan sion of the issue s from the Bank : and in this circular the Bank a."ails itself of its own wrong, to propose a still fertile:" extension of its powers. Government contracts a loa: , by an issue of Exche quer Bills; if these came openly !o market, and were honestly purchased out of the c irculating medium then in existence, the evil would be less. That cir culating medium would not be diminished ; for the cash and notes received by Government would iin rnediately pass into circulation again in purchases or payments. The money was needed for those pur poses. But, on the contrary, what takes place ? The Ic..xchequer Bills are taken to the Bank, whose Director; immediately fabricate new notes to buy them with,N;rhich Government throwsinto circulation. Hence the eir,!clating medium is rapidly increased; the prices of things are enhanced before the poor man's wages to purchase them are raised : lie knows not what cause consigns himself and his family to hunger. No system of rural or commercial e,eseisomy can keep pace with thin ev il ; and the mischief's arising from a contraction of the circulating medium are yet grater. But it is not from, the Bank that the remedy of Cie evils is to be sought.--Tintes. , We look upon Mr. Husk - iv - son to be the mote u seful Minister that England has had to boast of Os' many years. It is not merely that he has reasoned upon experimental questions with more discemination and acuteness than his neighbours, b ut t ht he has watched the relative play of the national ;nterests upon each other, with more patient and e eeady vigilance ; embracingg,radually and leisurely within his view, a wider field of facts by which to qualify his principles, as well as to support them ; and thus coming to the execu tive duties of a statesmen armed with that es-pecial branch and order of knowledge, by which those who designate themselves as " prac tical politicians" profess to require that the affairs of rations should be judged, and by which Mr. 1-lusic;eson has abundantly proved, that your men of " practice," when they abuse their opportuni ties, can bee! he exposed and silenced. The Right Honourai2e Gentleman has just published after a careful revision, his recent speech upon the state of the Shippii.:j Interest. In that speech he has done more for tri: cause of com mon sense and rectitude in - legislation, than we have often seen effected by more ponderous aid presuming meanie The great beauty of this dis course is ite perfect simplicity. The documents referred to are so decisive, the demonstration. offered is so clear and absolute, that the mind of the reader seems almost passive in its recap esion of the important and triumphant truth con tended for by the Minister whose system of policy has been on trial. Instead of the decline of British Shipping, consequent, as was alleged, on the partial opening of the Navigation Laws, it comes out as plain as figures can make it, that, with the single exception of the silk trade,—which appears to have been saved, instead of sacrificed, by the liberal regulations of the Right Ho nourable Gentleman,—the trade in ships has suffered less from the general convulsion of commerce since 182.5, than any other department of national industry in this empire. We shall not weaken the impression which a perusal of this pamphlet must in fallably produce upon the brain of any but a mad man, by quoting particular sentences or tables, in testimony of the overthrow inflicted by Mr. Huskis son on the very ignorant, or very little scrupulous, • complaints brought against him on behalf of those whose sentiments the other member for Liverpool was delegated on the above occasion to make known. But this much it is only fair to mention. The year 182.5 being one so distinguished, or disgraced, by wild and immeasurable speculation, that no candid man would thind of taking the forced importations of that d:sastrotis year as a standard of comparison for any that preceded or may follow it,—so it it ob vious that, in relation to shipping no less than cot ton, we must exclude the year 182.5 from among the general bases of reasoning with regard to commercial prosperity or decay. With that exception, then, it is manifest from the tables, that in the year 1826 the British shipping inwards contained above 100,000 tons, and employed above 8,000 seamen more than 1824, while the shipping outwards not only ex ceeded every former year since 1814, but even that of 1825 itself, by upwards of 140,000 tons, and by more than t,OOO seamen. The speech °tight, in deed, to he made the manual of every body who wishes for proof- in matters of legislation, or who desires a sample of the danger which might befall this country, were implicit credit to be given by Parliament to the assertions of interested men.—lbid. The account of the Pitt Club Dinner in ano ther column, for which we are indebted to a pri vileged contemporary, gives us pretty nearly the idea of it which we anticipated. There can be little difficulty in collecting 300 or 400 people to partake of a dinner in London. The two Sheriffs present would, on half a day's notice, have disposed of that number for hard cash, for any dinner, at any time. We allow that several individuals distinguished for rank were present, and that two other individuals—one renowned as the greatest Commander of tile age, and the other eulogized by friends and opponents for his skill in Law—were also present. But with the exception of Air. Peel, no rising talent was to be found there. Lord Kenyon was obliged, in his own person, to represent both Wales and Scotland. It has been well remarked by a Con temporary (The Globe), " that whoever will be at the trouble of referring to Mr. Pitt's speeches in Parliament, will see that as a Peace Minister, his principles were Retrenchment, Reform, Free Trade, and Catholic Emancipation ;" that it was, therefore, singular to see Lord . . . as a Reformer, and Sir Thomas Gooch as a Political Economist, assembled for the purpose of cele brating these great principles. " In 1755 (adds our Contemporary), Mr. Pitt brought forward several propositions for removing the restrictions which then existed upon the trade between Great Britain and Ireland. The Gooches and the Lethbridges of the day took alarm at the dangerous innovations of the Minister, and assailed him with a clamour as furious and as senseless as that which their enlightened successors have directed against Mr. Huskisson. It was contended, that the heavier taxation and higher wages of England would render her manufacturers unable to compete with-the indiatry of Ire land ; and it was confidently predicted, that the shipping interest of Britain would be sacrificed. The clamour which had been raised against a free trade with Ireland did not deter the enlightened Minister from extending the principle to our intercourse with France. In 1787, Mr. Pitt brought forward his Commercial Treaty with France, con spicuous alike for a knowledge of facts and of principles. This enlightened policy was followed by results even more beneficial than were anticipated. The manufactures, the commerce, the finances of the country, all rapidly im proved ; and in 1792, the Minister came down to the House of Commons, and in sthe most able and scientific speech ever delivered within its walls, explained, upon true principles, the causes of the national prosperity." In Mr. Pitt's speech on the above occasion, he referred, in justification of his views, to " the writings of an author of our own times (I mean the author of the celebrated Treatise on the Wealth of Nations), whose extensive knowledge of detail and depth of philosophical research will, I believe, furnish the best solution to every ques tion connected with the history of commerce, or with the system of Political Economy." How would Sir Thomas Gooch or Sir Thomas Leth bridge have felt on hearing such language ? Their hair would have stood fairly on end ! Why, there is not an idea possessed in common by these clod-poles and the Statesman whom they met to celebrate. As for the Lord Chan cellor, so far from deeming politics a science, requiring study and application, it is understood that, with the exception of Law, his reading is confined to The Gentleman's Magazine and newspapers. That in troublesome times, Mr. Pitt might appreciate his labours to bring Home Tooke and Hardy to the scaffold, may be very true ; but on all subjects which procured Mr. Pitt his reputation, there is hardly a man in the country with whom he would not have conversed in preference to Lord Eldon. They were the antipodes of each other. We know not well what to make of Mr. Peel's speech in praise of Mr. Pitt. " Whenever (said he) the question of Reform was proposed, he had the manliness to meet the clamour that was raised against him in his pursuit to preserve the great interests of the empire. If he had stifled his honest opinion for the purpose of keeping in power, I should have been compelled to join his enemies in his reprobation."—This is a very unfortunate eulogy. Mr. Pitt sissy have been sincere in his change of opinion respecting Reform; but if he had retained his former opinion, he would not have remained Minister. He did not need to shift his opinion for the purpose of remaining in power, because if he had avowed any other than those he declared he entertained, he would not have kept his place. The change might be sincere, but it led to place, and not to dismissal. Again it is true that Mr. Pitt alleged that he went out of office on account of the Catholic Claims. But retreat soon converted him; for so far from " refusing to stifle his honest opinion for the purpose of keeping in power," we have the express authority of the Earl of Liverpool (then the Earl of Hawkesbury) for the fact that Mr. Pitt, notwith standing his oath of Privy Councillor, that he would advise his Majesty according to the best of his judg ment, actually gave a pledge to his Majesty that he would stifle his own opinion. Lord Liverpool dis tinctly stated, in his place irr the House of Lords, in answer to Lord Grenville's expose, in March, 1807, " that Mr. Pitt went out of office on this very ques tion (the Catholic Claims), yet, on his return, he did voluntarily state that he would never bring the subject again under his Royal consideration. Whence did this disposition arise, but from a laudable attention to the conscientious feelings of his Sovereign." It is well known that the pledge given by Mr. Pitt was ex acted from the Cabinet of 1505-7, arid that they refused to give it. Is Mr. Peel ignorant of these things ? We rJoubt it. We suspect he has been fishing for a confutation, in order to draw attention to the changes of Mr. Pitt, by way of obtaining an excuse for his o wn chancres of . opinion. If Mr. Pitt changed one opinion and stifled anOthef, for the purpose of re maining in office, and is, notwithstanding, believed by the country to have been one of our best Mini sters (except as a War Minister, in which respect he was greatly overseen, though it is generally be lieved he was driven into the war by the Alarmists, much against his will), why may not Mr. Peel also either change or shift one opinion only ? He must be sadly tired of his associates. He has, indeed, the dignity of being far above any rival in his party; but then he requires supporters to demolish his great enemy, Mr. Canning, and he has none to back him. Mr. Peel, then, has been feeling the pulse of the public. If this was not his object, he has been taking a most scandalous liberty with history.— Morning Chronicle. There is an idea prevalent, we believe, among some persons, that the Press is extremely inte rested in such places as Coroners' Courts and Police Offices being open, that their proceedings maybe given in the newspapers. As far as the mere question of self-interest is concerned, we rather suspect the fact is quite the other way, and that in reality the information obtained from these places, especially the former, costs the proprietors of newspapers much more than it is worth ; and that there would not be one news-. paper less either sold or read throughout the kingdom were the doors of every Court in the country closed against the public. It is easy enough to impute motives to the newspapers, and it would be easy enough for the newspapers to impute motives in return. The question is one which ought not to be. argued upon such narrow grounds as these; and it is due to the Judges of the Court of King's Bench that we should say, that in their recent judgment upon the subject, delivered by the Lord Chief Justice, they appear to have been influenced by no such contracted views. We are free to confess that the opening and closing of the doors of Courts of Justice may, to a certain degree, be a choice of evils. Disclosures of scenes of vice must, to a certain degree, contaminate the mind ; and other disclosures may take place cal culated, in some degree, to aid the escape of criminals, and in other ways defeat the ends of justice. To the first of these we trust to be par doned for saying that nearly the same objection might be urged to the unlimited propagation and study of Holy Writ, in which there are some statements and allusions from which delicate minds might wish to be spared; yet who ever heard of any but the specious infidel Paine, urging that as a reason for closing the sacred volumes against any one ? And as to the other reason, the means of de tection, the useful warnings, and the numberless other striking advantages which both justice and the public derive from the publicity which free access to Courts of Justice affords, so far out-ba lance any evils or disadvantages arising therefrom, as to leave the matter scarcely a question, we should imagine, in the mind of any reasonable man. But after all, the advocates and opponents of this ques tion, are, in fact, fighting with a shadow, the clos ing of Courts of Justice being what no power on earth can really accomplish. Proceedings before Magistrates are most liable to abuse, and are abused in workhouses in London, and in inns and private parlours in the country; but still these abuses get brought to light in some way or other, and the ex cluded Press keeps those in check who would fain have the world think they are secure beyond its reach. In the Coroner's Court nothing like se cresy can prevail. The three-and-twenty Jurymen of whom the inquest is composed, are themselves so many spectators and reporters, and through them proceedings are sure to go forth to the world,though not in quite so accurate a shape, perhaps, as they otherwise would do. In fact, as long as hearing and speaking exist, the effect of writing, printing, and reading cannot be entirely got rid of.— Morn big Herald. The proposed measures relati‘,, to the Corn Laws have been so much the subject of discus sion, that we apprehend but little novelty can be urged as regards the benefits likely to arise from their adoption, and still less in defence of the system which it is intended they should succeed ; but if any proof were wanted to establish the ne cessity of a change, we need only instance the transactions of the Corn Market during the last week ; and the reflections they suggest, must, we think, carry conviction to the minds of those who yet believe in the efficacy of the laws now in force. Under the present Act (3 Geo. IV.) the quarterly averages are to be made up about the middle of the months of May, August, November, and February, respectively ; and on the 15th of the present month it was found that the price of Oats exceeded, by a fraction, 305., the sum at which they become admissible, at a duty of 4d. ; and, in consequence, a Trea sury order was issued to that effect. This took place on Friday, the 18th instant, but, owing to some official forms, it could not be acted upon until the Monday following ; and between that time and last Friday, a period of five days, no less a quantity than 140,000 quarters has been admitted for home consumption, the average weekly supply, of all descriptions, being about 20,000 quarters. The quantity thus brought into the market must necessarily have a tendency to depress the prices, and, under the proposed laws, a reduction in price must be followed by an advance in the duty, which have the effect of checking excessive im portation, by rendering it less profitable ; but, as the law at present exists, the ports must remain open until the 15th of August next ; and, although what is stated as to the bareness of the Continental markets of this description of grain, is true, as re gards Prussia, Germany, Holland, &c., yet with Russia such is by no means the case. On the con trary, we can confidently state, that between this time and the periods when the ports will be closed (should no alteration in the law take place in the meanwhile) the quantity of oats, which will, in all probability, be brought to this country from Riga, Archangel, &c. will exceed 500,000 quarters, and although the quality certainly is inferior, yet the de dine in the prices, which must be consequent on such an importation, will be severely felt by those farmers who look forward to an expected scarcity as the only means of compensation for a deficient harvest. Will any one, then, contend that there exists no necessity for a change ?—New Times. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS. COUNTRY DIA RY.—SATtltna.v, Jt 2. Charles, R. Liverpool—George, Liverpool ..7ohnson, T., Birmingham—Royal hotel, Birmingham l2 Lewis, L., Bridgnorth—Castle, Bridgnorth l2 Robinson, J., Derby—King's Head, Derby Scott, G., Houghton—Queen's Head, Durham ll Stroud, 'l'., Bath—Christopher inn, Bath Trehern, T., Hereford—Greyhound, Hereford A NEW WAY TO PAY OLD DEBTS.—In one of our southern counties, where there is a larger supply of honour than cash, a gentleman, who was rather hard in paying his debts, was ap plied to for a sum very little short of 5001. The usual answer was given ; but the creditor de clared, that, from his own engagements, he would not wait any longer. This elicited an answer, which caused the applicant to apply a horse-whip to the shoulders of his debtor. A hostile mes sage was sent ; but the gentleman, not wishing to run the chance of being paid his debt by shooting his antagonist, declined the honour until they were on an equality. This obstacle being over come by the money being paid, the parties met, and the creditor having received his adversary's fire, the business terminated satisfactorily to both—one having preserved his credit, the other his honour.—Dublin Patriot. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS, INFAv 29. The Grand Jury found a true bill against Wm. Sheen for murder. Daniel Carr was indicted for assaulting the wife of a soldier at Hounslow, who swore that the defendant, taking advantage of the absence of her husband, who was in his (defendant's) employment, took liberties with her person, and throwing her on the bed was about to accomplish his purpose, when her husband came to the door outside. She had screamed out at first, but she made no noise when her husband was heard outside the door, because she was fainting. She admitted that she made no complaint of this outrage until her husband left the employment of the de fendant, in about ten days after it had occurred, because, she said "she was not able to go about." She drank tea, however, with the defendant on the very next evening.— Verdict, Not Guilty. An officer of Worship-street, named Fitzpatrick, was convicted of imprisoning a respectable man in the watch house all night, because, having a bundle of linen in hand, which he was carrying from his washerwoman's late at night, he was unable to say whether or not the articles had say marks on them, and was also unable to tell the number of his watch, which the defendant took from him. It was in rain that the prosecutor referred him to a house where he might inform himself satisfactorily as to who ar.d what he was; the defendant refused to call there, and con sequently the prosecutor was compelled to spend t:e night in the watch-house ; and so much did he suffer from the cold, that the watch-house-keeper was actually com pelled to take him out to another place several times to warm himself. The CHAIRMAN expressed Lis regret to see the son of an old and respected servant of the public conduct himself so improperly. He deferred pronouncing judgment upon him at present. George Greir was indicted for feloniously receiving a quantity of human hair, the property of Thomas Christian Manley, a hair manufacturer, in Staples-inn, Holborn, well knowing it to have been stolen. It was found in the pos session of the defendant, three days after the property was stolen. He was found Guilty, and sentenced to six months' imprisonment. ADMIRALTY SESSIONS, M. 29. (ROBERT HARRIS'S CROSS-EXAMINATION CONCLUDED, FROM THE SUN OF YESTERDAY.) The deceased was cook and steward. The crew com plained that the deceased did not cook their victuals well. On one occasion, when the crew were ordered down, they found the flour that had been provided spoiled, and Grove proposed that the next time they found the cook on deck, that they should punish him themselves. A cat was then provided, and several of the crew struck the deceased with the cat. The captain came on deck whilst the crew were beating the deceased, and seizing the cat, which was in witness's hand, he complained that witness did not beat the deceased hard enough, and commenced striking him self. The crew gave the deceased another flogging on the ilth or 12th September, but that flogging could not have hurt the deceased. The deceased was dismissed from be ing cook some days before his death, and was ordered by the master to pick oakum. He was a clean man, -and would have done his duty if the master had given him time. The witness never read the paper he signed. Said nothing on the 16th September to prevent the prisoner from ill-treating the deceased. It was often said before, " Captain, don't ill-treat the poor fellow," but this did not induce the captain to desist. Witness signed the paper through fear, but did not make any charge against the master when the King's Officers came aboard. Re -examined by Mr. ANnßEws.—There certainly was cause of complaint against the cook, for the manner in which he dressed the victuals. Examined by the CHIEF Jusncr.—lt is usual, when any offence is committed by the captain of a merchant man, to complain when the crew came near a king's ship. The crew of the Valiant (lid not adopt this course, be cause they determined to mention the murder when they went ashore. Witness was several times ashore at the Mauritius, and met English soldiers, and English sailors, but never complained to them of the crud murder of the black man. The person who administered the oath to witness never read over the paper which witness signed. It was never read to witness that he and the crew were to swear " that the deceased died by the visita tion of God, and not from any accident or abuse which occurred in the ship." Witness did not know that he had sworn to those words, or to any thing else but that the black died in his hammock. By a Juror.—Witness himself had never experienced any ill-treatment from the master. John Holmes, aged 16 years, deposed that he joined the Valiant before her voyage to the Mauritius. The cook's name was Francis Williams. He was a young man, and appeared in good health. About a fortnight after the ship sailed from the river, the captain began to quarrel with the cook for being lacy and dirty. The cap tain used to beat him with a stick, which he called Tons Thumb. The cook was afterwards beat by the crew, every man taking the cat and giving a blow. Witness and William Norman were the only persons who did not strike the cook. The captain stood by whilst the punish ment was inflicted, and when the crew were done flogging, the captain took up a stave, and began striking the cook. Witness remembered the day before the cook was found dead. It was a Saturday. Witness first saw the cook sitting on the boom, and the captain flogging him. Wit ness was employed in the cabin, and only saw what was going on occasionally. The cook asked for a drink of water, and the master ordered him a pannakiu of brine, which he made the cook drink. Witness afterwards saw the cook lying under the ballast, which consisted of mud, sand, and small stone.. He was afterwards hauled up on deck by a rope round his thigh, and appeared almost dead. The Captain lifted the cook by the gallows, and then let him fall on deck. He called to Wm. Casson to heat an iron hoop, which Casson refused to do, and the Captain then put the iron himself in the fire, and applied it to the cook's head until he singed the hair. Witness then went below, and on coming up again lie saw the master and a man named Nuttall, lowering the cook into the sea; after a little while he was hauled up again, and being allowed about two minutes to recover his breath, was again lowered into the sea, anti was taken up almost dead. Whilst coming up the side of the vessel, his throat caught in the chain-bolt and was hurt. The cook then lay almost insensible on the deck, and some of the men asked whether they should not take him below, but the Captain said " d— the rascal, let him lav there, and I'll take the sulks out of him." Sub sequently the cook was carried below, and his jacket taken off, and he was put into his hammock stark naked. In the course of the night the Captain said to witness. "Boy, Jack, go and see whether the cook is dead or alive !" Wit ness went and heard the cook groan, but when witness ad dressed him, he could not answer. Witness felt his body and knew he was naked. In the morning witness went into the Captain and said to the Captain that the cook was dead, and the Captain changed colour, jumped out of bed and went on deck. By order of the Captain the body was then hauled upon deck in the hammock. The Captain said " do you think he died of ill usage !" and Grove made answer, " he did not die of good usage." The Captain then read prayers over the body, and it was thrown into the sea. The crew got grog on .that day. Witness heard the Captain and men talking about the paper, but never heard it read nor was asked to sign it. The Captain be haved very well to the crew for the rest of the voyage. He first.faund fault with the cook because he did not clean the knives and forks, and afterwards because there were com plaints of his bad cooking. On one occasion the cook was tied up with a rope in a most indecent manner, and another time the tormentors were thrust into his breeches, and the soup-ladles and scrubbing-brushes hung round his neck. This was only for a laugh. Cross-examined by Mr. BRODERICK-Witness saw the crew beat the cook in the absence of the master, and also in his presence. They " robbed him " with a stave ; the black man did not npset the pannakin of brine in wit ' ness's presence ; witness never heard the Captain tell the crew that they must not punish the cook, but if necessary that he would punish him. Upon the arrival of the vessel in the Mauritius, the. Captain went ashore ; there were two King's ships in the harbour; the crew were all ashore at different times ; witness was a cabin boy on board the ship ; if any one of the crew had been desirous to speak to the officers of the King's ships, they had the opportunity; after the de ceased was drawn up from the hold, and before he was lowered into the sea, there was no offensive smell ; this was after the cook had drunk the brine. In answer to Chief Justice BRST-The deceased was pulled up from the bold by one leg, his head hanging down. The cook could not have been much hurt by the punish ment the crew gave hint. When the crew were beating the cook, the Captain took the stave out of some one's hand and began to strike himself. William Casson was a seaman on hoard the Valiant. Joined the vessel in August last. Williams (a man of colour) was tke cook. Witness did not observe that the mailer ill-treated him until about a week before William's death. The day before the black man's death the master flogged him with a cat. When the cook asked for a drink of water, the Captain gave him a pannakin of brine. The cook raid he had rather not have any, and the Captain said .- - he must, for that it was as good as London porter.— The Captain then began flogging with the cat until the cook drank the brin e , The unt tin witness *caw the cook was in the hold, with his head in a bucket, Ap parently very ill. Witness let down a rope by order of the Captain, and it was tied round the cook's thigh, and the Captain and another man hauled him up. Soon after, the Captain desired witness to put the poker in the fire, and witness refused, upon which the Captain thrust the poker into the fire himself, and laid it across the cook's back when it was red-hot. The cook did not cry out. The Captain ordered brine to be brought a second time, and witness brought it, and some was poured down the cook's throat as he lay on his back. After this, the Captain ordered the cook to be put overboard, and he was kept in the sea for some minutes. He was then hauled up and laid on deck for some minutes, and then immersed in the sea again. When he was brought up the second time, he had a cut under his chin from one of the chain-bolts. After lying on the deck some minutes, the cook was then sent into the hold and put into his hammock. He was laid on his back and had nothing on his per son but the Guernsey frock. 'Witness was the first that went to look after the cook, and, upon descending into the hold, he found him dead, in the same position in which he was left the preceding evening. When the Captain came on deck, witness told him the cook was dead, and the Captain said, " Ah ! is he? he is the first black I ever knew to (lie in the sulks." When the corpse was brought on deck, the Captain asked if there were any marks, and oae of the men said there could be no marks on a black man's body. After the cook was burled, the Captain asked wit ness to sign a paper to the effect that the deceased died by the visitation of God. Grove said they could not sign such a paper ; but to make all comfortable, they had better sign accidental death. Witness went to the cabin and signed the paper, but did not know exactly what it contained. Does not believe it was ever read to him. Cross-examined..--Witness went two voya,7a with the prisoner before, and had no complaint to make against him. Witness never saw the whole crew strike the deceased with staves. Saw one man strike deceased with a stave, and the Captain took the stave from the man's hand, and be gan to use it himself. When the crew went ashore the paper they signed and swore to was read over to them by a gentleman. This was before they went to the Police-office. Harris, the first witness, was present. Witness had a quarrel with the Captain in the vessel, when she was in the river. He swore on that occasion that he would have satisfaction, and would not swear that he did not say he would be revenged. Witness re membemd drinking giu with a man named: Andrews, at the sign of the Admiral Blakoeey, but never said that he expected to make a good thing by this trial, nor that he did not ca re a if he could see the prisoner hanged. James Nuttall, another seaman, deposed that the cook was punished four times for not cooking the dinner. The first time it was by the ship's company ; the captain gave the first six lashes. Ile did not appear, from what had been done to him at that time, to have suffered in his health. The witness then gave similar testimony to the other witnesses, but not with the same positiveness as to what took place the day before the man died. It was done for the purpose of making bins speak; but he did not speak; he was insensible. He was slipped twice for about two minutes ; there was about half a minute between the times of his being dipped ; he had nothing on but his jacket. He went down to see him in the morning about four o'clock ; he was then groaning ; he saw him the next morning at eight o'clock, and he was then dead. They lowered him on to the ballast, and stripped his person, but found no marks on him. They did not look at the part where the cat had been applied. He signed the paper, stating that the deceased came by his death by accident, through fear; he knew the contents of it. They were en gaged for the ship out and home. Cross-examined by Mr. BRODERICK—At the time, the man did look as if he had been sulky ; the paper they swore to was read to them at the notary's, and they then went to the police-office to swear to it. By a Juryman—His back was not examined ; his lower parts were examined, but he saw no marks of burns there. Joseph Davidson, the second mate of the vessel, was on watch below before twelve o'clock; he could not therefore see what took place on deck ; he saw him hauled up from the hold by Nuttall, and the Captain assisted him. His further testimony was corroborative of the former witness's. Cross-examined by Mr. AnoLvirus—He knew the con tents of both the papers before he signed them, and swore to one of them. It was his place to sign the paper, and to swear to it too. By the Crincr JUSTICE—.-111) had been many years at sea. He did not know that if they had complained to the Captain of a man of war, that he would have protected them, and have taken the person who had so misbehaved into custody. Ife did not think they had taken a false oath : they wished to come home in the vessel. William Maindress, the ship's carpenter, was next called; he assisted to put the deceased into his hammock ; he was insensible. The witness detailed the facts before stated. He did not know that he had signed any thing more than that the man had died in his hammock. He signed, for fear of being served so himself. He came home good friends with the captain. William Hunter, the chief mate, was called. Mr. ANDREWS declined asking him any questions. By Mr. ADOLPH us—The captain was a mild, good-dis posed man ; he never saw anything wrong on 'his part. The deceased was generally complained of about a fortnight after he joined the ship. On the 12th of September the cook was tied to the windlass. He (witness) was with the captain in the cabin ; they went on deck ; the men were " cobbing" the deceased with a stave, not a rope; the Captain released him, and had done so at other times when the crew were ill-using him. The cook was a sulky and sullen person, and the Captain and himself had a great deal of trouble with him. On the 16th of September (the day before he died), he was put on the boom for neglect of duty; the brine was upset on the quarter-deck ; the de ceased to his certain knowledge did not swallow any of the brine ; and no person could force any part of it down his throat, for the boom was six feet above the quarter-deck ; no person, that he saw, stood over him with a cat to make him drink the brine. He was put overboard because he had dirtied himself. He examined his body all over before the crew; he turned him over, and there were no wounds or burns either on his flesh or his hair. No one made any objection to signing the paper. There was a glass of grog given them on the day the man died. They had all had grog on that voyage before. They were near the Line, and he thought that the man having fouled himself, the putting him overboard would not do him any harm. but good. Groves struck the second mate and himself, and he made a signal that there was a meeting : two officers came on board. The men had a full opportunity of com plaining if they had thought fit ; the Captain was on shore, The paper was explained to the men before the notary, and they all willingly signed it. He heard Casson several times say the words which he had denied in his examination. By Mr. ANDREWS-- The Captain wrote the paper him self on the day the man died. By the CHIEF JUSTICE—He did not know that it wa* usual to desire the crew to examine men who died at eca. He inspected this man because he had been ill-treated—he had been ill-treated by all the crew. On his solemn oath, he did not believe that the man died by any violence re ceived from any one. _ _ This closed the case for the prosecution. The prisoner put in a written defence: it stated that he was innocent of the charge; that on the Nth of Septem ber he found the deceased made fast to the windlass, and the men were punishing him. He released him. A few days after this he spoiled the whole of the dinner. He or dered him to pick oakum ; he subsequently fouled himself, and he had a rope put round him, and had him gently lowered down into the water. It went on to state that some of the men were afterwards refractory, and that he was compelled to take a rope's-end to make them do their duty ; 'and that the prosecution vas at the instigation of a person where some of the meat lodged. Wm. Andrews was called, and proved the words spoken by Casson, which he had denied. James Harding, Esq. William Baker, Esq. and a num ber of other respectable witnesses, gave the prisoner an excellent character for humanity, diligence, and sobriety. The Loan CHIEF JUSTICE said, that it appeared to him impossible that the Jury could find the prisoner guilty upon the testimony of men whose evidence varied so much, and who had already sworn the very reverse. After remark ing at great length on the case, he said he would read the evidence, if the jury wished it. The Jury, without troubling his Lordship, pronounced the prisoner Not Guilty. The prisoner, who is a man of gentlemanly appearance, conducted himself with great firmness and composure during the trial. There was a great crowd outside, and Captain Bragg was obliged to retire into Newgate for protection. In Denmark there are what are called Courts of Reconciliation, in which parties before enter ing into litigation appear, and hear the opinions of the Judges on their case. If after this they choose to abide by that opinion, a decree to that effect is entered ; if not, they go on with their action, • LONDON MARKETS. (From the London New Price Current of Tuesday) SUGAR. -The demand for Muscovades last week Co l ' tinned steady and considerable ; the estimated sales ar d proached nearly t o 3,000 hhd s . ; th e pr i ces o f good sa fine Sugars were rather higher. There is a small sleet y ululation of stock on account of the recent and extenel arrivals ; the comparativ e d e li ver i es l as t wee k ar e rath er lower ; the sales at the c l ose o f thi s d a y were estimat ed at 1,500 hhds., includi n g 121 cas k s B ar b a d o es wh ich sold at public sale at full prices 595. a 665. The Sol i Market is exceedingly fi rm . L as t wee k th e refill Market advanced generally Is. per cwt. ; the P l ' chases of low goods for export were extensive, and non e offer now under 81s. Th e w h o l esa l e grocers purchas , good 83s. a 85s. on an extensive scale for the anticipat e( ' demand for home-made wine, preserves, &c. ; in oth er goods the sales also were considerable. Molasses w ere steady, sellers at 255. and e xt ens i ve b uyers a t 249. G" At the close of the day refined Sugars were dull but highe r , scarcely any lumps could be purchased at 81s. and little of any description remain unsold. The purchases of Foreig n Sugars last week were 335 Pernambuco, of fine shits quality, averaging 405.. for the Mediterrannean we believe' At public sale 148 chests Havannah good white sold I s ' a Is. 6d. lower than by p r i va t e con tract, from 43e. 6 3 ' t `: 445. 6d. ; good yellow a shade lower 345. 6d. a S s '': 1,000 bags l3enares were, we believe, all taken in 83 0 . " 365. ; 1,600 bags Mauritius sold with great briskness, the yellows at a further advance of Is., 58s. a 635., the brolo a shade higher, dry brown 555. 6d. Comm.-The Coffee Market last week evinced more firmness, but there was little variation in the currency' St. Domingo 435. 6(1. sip to 463.-The Jamaica and other British Plantation mold more freely, but without any a n d ; vance in the price s . By p u bli c sa l e thi s f oren oon 2v, a casks, 30 b ags B r iti s h Pl an t a ti on , near l y t h e w hole 01 . at steady prices ; good ordinary Jamaica 50s. ; fine ord!' nary 565. ; middling Berbice 715.-The Coffee :Market is firm, some St. Domingo by private contract very ordinal 435. a 435. 6(1.-Brazil Coffee is inquired after. PEOVISIONS.--We cannot state any definitive arrange" meat as to the transit duty on Foreign Provisions; common reports in the Market are that a duty of I is. e l r i 131. per 10016. will he imposed. Some sales of Hanth ur g India Beef are reported at 51. 10s. In I r i s h B e ef or Fork there is nothing doing, inconsiderable parcels at former prices. Bacon continues in demand on account of tb e . favourable season of the year for consumption. Some 10 Irish Butters sold at 105 s. Dutch 96e. a 100 s. i- SPlcas.-East India Spi ces continue n eg lected. -p, salient° is in more demand an d ra th er hi g h er pr i ces are 0 "" tained, 91d. ord. up to 10d. for good quality. Rica.---The prices of Rice are rather lower. HEMP, FLAX . , and Tattow.-Th e accounts from S t ' Peteraburgh are to the 12th inst.,- several ships had arrive o,.. the exchange was 10Id. ; 750 casks Tallow had sold at 9 6 rubles, but the price at the date of the advices was PS' The Market here continues steady and improving ; vet/ extensive contracts for time were last week reported, i n some instances 3d. to 6d. under the Market rates, with the privilege to the sellers to double the quantity sold. In Henn / or Flax there is little alteration. For Delivery.-Tallow, delivery last three months 3' 7 ' 9d. to 38s. per cwt. ; Tallow, Shipment on or before the 31st of August, 375. 3d. to 371. 6d. ; Hemp, shipment 0 or before 31st August, 361. ss. OILS. -There is little alteration in Oils : the Mark et generally is heavy. SILKS.-Silks are heavy a nd l ower ; B enga l s are o ff e r ed Is. to Is. 6d. under last East India sale prices. o f COCUINEAL-The great reduction in the pnce a ,,,, Cochineal has attracted the attention of the buyers; there are snore inquiries and souse sa l es o f ex p or t Black are re ported at 13s. COTTON-There is no alteration in the p r i ces o f Cottot!' the estimated sales for the week endi ng last night incluilic!i; are 800 Surats 4id. a sid., 200 Be nga l 41d. a sa. it bond ; 150 Egyptian 7d. a duty paid. The S ora ; at 4id. have been on the ma r k e t f or sa l e f or a length:, time at 4id. By public sal e thi s f orenoon 1,100 Bowel; I,boo Surats, 100 New Orleans, of which about half Boweds sold at prices equal to private contract ; about 60io of the Surats sold at steady prices; New Orleans Wi t drawn ; Surat rubbish qd. a good at late price' „ FRUIT-The quantity of Fruit lately exported is ; extensive : it has the effect of making th e market 1 .01.- firm. The sales since our last are Red Smyrna Rais4l l .? 495. and 50s. ; New Valentia 535. ; De n i as 569.; Cu rants 87s. a 88s. INntoo.—The accounts from Calcutta reach to the erAd . of January ; the crop is estimated under 75,000 tna utial the colouring matter as 2 to b compared with the pre vious season. There are no purchases of East India 10 ; digo to report ; sm a ll p arce l s h ave so ld a t an advano 0' 6d. per lb., but the purchases are quite inconsiderab le,; the market generally has a heavy appearance. By P. , 1 3, 11 1 e, sale, this forenoon, 52 serene Guatemala, about two-th"[ sold 6d. under last pale prices. Fine Indigo in some `J r mand, for Russia. RUM, BRANDY, and HoLLaNns.—The reduction in elle prices of Leeward Island attracts great attention, very er tensive buyers showed themselves at 2s. for proof Le r wards, but only one parcel was picked up at that rate; the purchases et 2s. Id. are rather ettensiee, and two ° r three over have been disposed at that price. It is repo' a that the contractors with Government have not yet Or plied themselves with the requisite quantity for their tracts; fine Jamaica Ruins continue scarce, and are at en d advancing prices; several sales are reported at 4s• 9° l 4s. 3d., and in some instances the holders will not sec under 4s. 6d. In Brandy there are few purchases , , f favourable report of th e vintage adds to the previousl", heavy market. Geneva i s l ower . F urt h er sa l es of D T) " Rum, this afternoon, at 4s. Id. and 4s. 2d. the Tosacco—The dema n d f or T o b acco h as rev i ve d; purchases for the week ending last night inclusive, 61 : 4 : sist of about 200 }ids. chiefly for Lisbon. 100 bh,i, Kentucky are reported at 31d. Virginia 3d. ; sts , at 9s. 9d. and 100 Virginia at 225. per ICOlbs. weight; several inconsiderable parcels to the trade are ported. MINING INTRLLIGENCE.—TRURO, MAY 26.." .. " (4 1 1 A 811 ; tity ottCopper Ore sold 2,711 t ons , average pro duce 8 1'4 quantity of fine Copper 232 tune, 10 cwt. Amount sale 18,4991. le. ; average standard 1111. 11s. BRALIL WOOD.—By public sale, on acc ount of the Brazil Government, 150 tons, was all taken in a t 551. COCOA.—By public sale Grenada Cocoa sold 455. a 6 09, We have the pleasure of announcing t il l Commodore the Lord Yarborough having 10 4 . 4 ' 1 on his Majesty as patron of the Club, to solic! s some mark of his Royal favour towards it , lil a Majesty, with his usual condescension, repe ats 9 his well known attachment to the Club, and e l l ie pleased to direct that a Gold Cup, 01 4 value of one hundred guineas, be mired for, 11 'Ys l the yachts of the Royal Club annually on '„ Birth-day, the 12th of August. Such all i nce e tive cannot fail to be a powerful addition to tb other numerous attractions, which tempt f noble and affluent to visit this delightful part °, the kingdom. As we some weeks since su r d limed, the inhabitants of Cowes have determloea to renew their expression of grateful respect. the Members of the Royal Yacht Club, w hic , was so favourably received last year, and a sP le° did gold cup is preparing for the purpose."' Southampton Herald. Ev.iq v ii.En t if r: qv a u y aa , rrlei a a:ms s ee t ic;ot-n J sd o t MARRIED. - Scoi; l r i e, n iea ' t s t,, , ght l o V te e ri lt i m oisfs inste-, Georg e .- ii 0 ; . 0n Saturday, at Stonehouse Phebe. Chap th el e Esq., Cromer, Norfolk. rd i ' miner, aged 40, to Mrs. Frances, a blooming vv l The aged eighty-one ! their united ages making 121. big to "youthful" bride was so infirm that she was 091 ' es ell walk to the altar without the assistance of a friend on _... side to support her. __________........................../ l m at r e m A D . i.topc:iest.'eci'D'ev:ll', Lately, at his house, D Pa i r E lc D -Place, Blackheath , Hamer, aged 70. ree' On the 28th inst., Air. Colin Sharpe, of Fit zro y -1- in hie 70th year. Of On Sunday, at his residence, Herne-hill, Dultric•l' f au inflammation in the chest, Wm. Pr ior, Esc,., 15" ° Smyrna, in his 52d year. der, o f Same day, at a Yell advanced a" Mrs' Gro Highgate Patrusu and PUBLISHTD by g. YOUNG . , at tun Syr-omo, No, 1111, Stria, BIRTHS. On S un d a y the 27th inst., at H ar t pury , i n the el?: of Gloucester, the lady of Robert Canning, El daughter. ,„ of On the 27th inst. at Henley-on-Thames, the lu a l Capt. A. King, R.N., of a son. of On the 29th instant, Mrs. Charles Runcirosn, daughter.