The Sun. — London, England, 1856-08-28 00:00:00

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PRINCE'S CLUB.--RACQUET and TENNIS COURTS, Hans-place, Belgrave-square.— Gentlemen desirous of becoming members are requested to communicate with the secre tary, at the club, who will furnish every information. and a out 2s des of at 76s Lferior DIOVO" - to --- L to 51 5 to f,4 to 46 iich ifi in the • than little ained• Inds of I eider s wan/ per qr. ;went. it, and iighor. aing ame r" _s o uth B e lfast ire oc l as, 3 4 1 pm." an i l3l‘ I. &I'''. L (1014 on s" .k i Ra il ' 22i" ,g Ted iOl3 VOIVOP . 6. re firP 3 ' ty Yirt' oet-ogl' 6 due 91 , ogium:d • eeklf !COff 104 ncerV ill h of W 0 ISO 9 llotrd rd sr, ncertsw th 111 91 0 , h Si I I : . and 16 and 99 a nd 19 and who r d " 71100 8111 7, 94,1' and 16 all t of n I3 ailY. th o t and 2 1 . . , 1% 29 ' 1 5, 21,9 it aIA ° t t and 15 ffeekil t 86 16°1 'ee l s 16101 on 1119 and 16 _..--- il be de' • ndie (*I 0 ,6 :lied `'. ter to s hout cl of i s dia entiou sin ess nit re. ,fusioo discoo. ire. 11. , c kiiol , ) of the Jollo' quar!' Aferri X ,ught, r Brook" 'Scot t ' , q uaref 1 8t0 0 k • e ware' ef• lr. gliprn' faros , )disu), lag. l' l ' ALI)" -.. uNol, 01 11 " MONT ALBERT SNIITIPS MON r BLANC, HOLLAND, UP the I tIIINE, and PARIS, is OPEN EVERY EVENING this week at 8 o'clock. Stalls (which can be taken from It plan at the box office, every day between eleven and four, without any extra charge), Bs. • area, 2s. ; gallery, Is. The last Morning Representations will take place on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, the 26th, 28th, and 80th of A"gust, at Three o'clock. MO - NT BLANC will Close for the season on Satirday evening, Aug. 30th.—Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly. ARGYLL ROOMS.-LAIIRENT'S CASINO, Great Windmill-street, Haymarket. —The above clegan Rooms RE-OFE NI for the winter leasou o t MONDAY, Sept Ist. The Proprietor begs to infonn the pubic that th s f shion,ble p'ace of resort ha , been redecorated under the sole direction of Mr. Bull, of Great Queen-street, L ncoin's-inn-fleids. The doors open at half- Past eight, commence at Lbw. Admission One Shilling. DR. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 4, Coventry-street, Leicester-square.—Open (for Gentlemen °°IY) from 10 till 10, containing upwirds of one thousand models and preparations, illustrating every part of the human frame in health and disease, the race of men, &c. Lectures delivered at 12, 2 , and half-past 7, by Dr. G. SEXTON, F.R.G.S. ; and a new end highly -interesting series of Lectures is now in course of delivery Dy Dr. Kann, at 4 p.m. precisely. Admission, One .31111:ing. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road. —OPEN' LVERY EVENING.—The celebrated HUNGA RIAN BAND, under the direction of Herr KALOZDY, will perform e very Evening at 9 and 11 o'clock, in addition to the usual Vocal E ntertainment The following company of talented Voca'ists are Permanently engaged for she performance of Selections from all the Popular Operas, Ma irigals, Choruses, Duets, &c., viz.:—firs. J. Caulfield, Miss Brunel, Miss Sommers, and as lss Pearse ; Sam Cowell, Mr. J. Caulfield, Herr F. Jonghmans S. Jones, T. Farrant, W. Melling, Barker, Russell Grover, and P. Corrie ; Masters E. Con ;ea, Austin, and Bennett , and Mr. T. Mackney. Pianoforte, Mr. Harroway, , harmonium, J. Caulfield, jun. ; director, Mr. J• Caulfield. Commence at seven o'clock precisely. Suppers, &c., Until twelve o'clock. • ROYAL SURREY GARDENS.-JIJLLIEN'S CONCERTS. —Continnat on of the 'Magnificent Decorations for the Guards' Dinner in the Colossal Music 11a11.—In consequence of the universal approbation bestowed on the preparations for the Guards' Dinner, they will remain during the week —Last Night but Two of the Zonaves. Immense success of the Zouave Qo adrille, in which are introduced the Zouave Clarions of the Ist and 2d Regiments of the Imperial Guard—Colossal Pictures of Constantinople and the Alps— Turkish Kiosk and Illuminated Terrace—Enormous Glacier and Fairy C averns—Brilliant Pyrotechnic Display and Emblematical Tableau. Admission Is. Private boxes, to admit six persons, I/. Is.; and eats in the Music Hall and Fir ewo rk Balcony (including admission to u ardens);2 6d., ma* Dlfillkittred at the Gardena, and, at Zullienlind e_O.'B. 214, ReA,ent-strset:"- - The Directors have much gratlllcatiorfin announcing that they have arranged with Madame Alboni for her last two Concerts previous to her departure for the Continent. They will take place on Tuesday, Sept. 2, and Thursday, Sept. 4. Admissi , n, lc Madrigal Night To-morrow (Friday)—Madame Alboni. A Grand Military Fate in a few days. GENERAL SCREW STEAM-SHIPPING COMP kNY. The shareholders are hereby informed that the Ballot upon the tesolution, "That this Company be dissolved," will be open TO ltOßft° w (Tuesday, the 26th of August instant), and following ~3'.4, any, until 27, Cannon-street. further notice, from 12 to 4 o'clock, at the Offices of the ":' ,11 13 By order. J. L. O'BEIRNE, Secretary. 25 th August, 1856. SALE OF PROVISTONS, &c., AT DEPTFORD. T Admiralty, Somerset-place, 25th August, 1856. .aE Commissioners for Executing the Office of . Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain •aki Ireland, do Hereby Give Notice, that on THURSDAY. the 11th la B ePtember next, at 11 o'clock in the Forenoon. the Captain Super endent will put up to sale in her Majesty's Victualling Yard at Dtford several Lots of Army, Navy, and Transport stores, con sistingdi of salt meat, coff e e, bi sc uit, rice, casks, staves, clothing, bed-. g , & ' , &C., &c., all lying in the sal ' Yard. , Persons wishing to view the Lots must apply to the Superintendent 'or notes ot admission for that purpose. ..eatalogues and Conditions of Sale may be had here and at the Lard. SORWEPP'S MALVERN SELTZER , WATER.—Having leased tbe Holy Well Spring at Maly ern, - ; 40 vrned for its purity, J. S. and Co. can Aow proauce a SELTZER "ATER with all the Chemical and 7tedicinal Properties which have rtendered the Nassau Spring so celebrated. They continue manufac zing SA,- MAGNESIA, anl O POD ondon, Liverpool, B”Ist P ol, an CASS d DeWrbyATERS and ''' v ery Bottle is protected by a Red Label bearing their signatures. APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED. LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE 1 ,,,.., SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, . all Roast Meat Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Curries, and Salad, 4 44 . by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to Perfectly digest the fml* . " „The dail heyalth use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safe .44l to . Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchurch-street, 4 1411 hcicic ° 3 , and 63, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs. Barclay th Tns, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and mer- C • - 1 , London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. S---To guard against imitatioxs, see that the names of "LEA Cld pERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAIL ', WAy.—wARWICK RACES.—On Tuesday. Wednesday, Z, T hursday, 2d, 3d, and 4th September.—Day Tickets will be 24 ued by all Trains from the Euston Station to Leamington on the an 4 3 d, and will be available for Return by all Laing on the 2d, and 4th September. - By order. tliton Station, Aug. 25, 1856. LONDON and NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. T OURISTS' TICKETS, ISSUED UNTIL THE 15TH OCTOBER. NORTH WALES. Tick s aki, eLz, available for THREE WEEKS, enabling the bolder to .„,!! at My], Conway, Bangor, Caerna. - von, and Holyhead either i l ';'2: l Z or returning, are issued at the following fares by the through ilfus. The I,l l'BZ-class Tickets are ava , lable by any train, and the - wond by such trains as have second-class carria7es attached. Ist Cass. 2d Class. I ft ozro d r olt d to Holyhead and back•..... £3 10 0 £2 10 0 to ditto and back.... 210 0 .... 115 0 beterboroughl I., 44r millgham to ditto 0 0 1 '0 0 n ' o lverhampton to ditto and back.... 115 0 .... 1 7 0 LAKES OF WE3FKORELAND AND CUIVIERLAND b 8 - ` 42 ts, available for THREE WEEKS, t o tie a b ove L a k es, are tl,rt the following Fares by the through 'Trains. The First- ig” ickets are available by any train, and the Second by such "la as have second-class carriages attached : Ist Class. 2d Class. 22fotondon to Windermere and back.... .-E3 10 0 .... £2 10 0 rd reterbo roitgh ] to ditto and back.... 215 0 .... 2 0 0 tir mh . .mgham to ditto and back ...... Ol verhampton To THE FAVOURITE LANCASHIRE WATERING PLACES, Lrrrt, ..A.31, BLACKPOOL, FLEETWOOD, On SOUTH E'OR Tick _ trki e , w, available for THREE WEEKS, ar e i ssue d b y th e or di nary ki lls of the Company. The First-Class are available by any train, the Second by such as have second-class carriages attaebed. Fr om London Ist Class. 2d Class. •.• £3 0 0 .... £2 5 0 33 Oxford 2 5 0 .... 1 15 0 33 Peterborouga 33 Birmingham 115 0 .... 1 8 0 'pi , Wolverhampton j ex ce lh' Fleetwood Royal Mail Steamer sails every eveni ng (S un d ay th e 'Led) fo- Belfast, rnd Weekly Excursio n Ti c k e t s are i ssued at s te aril Packet Office for Belfast, Armagh, the Giant's Causeway, ultek. EXCURSIONS TO THE SEA SIDE. Ordin kete. available for TWENTY-EIGHT DAY 4, are issued . by the an y t al7 trains of the Com oany. The First-Class are available by ria gey 11 1; and the second by such trains as have seFond-clf..ss car attached, to Harrowgate, Scarborough, Wnitby, Filey, or NeCona CO WGATE and Back, for each Passenger—First Class, 435. ; SuClass, 325. 6t... r A RROROUGIi and Back, for each Passenger—First Class, 51s. ; l i l v d Class, 355. .;•ITBY an d B ac k , f or each Passenger—First Class, 51s. ; Se .sig''elass, 355. 'EY and Back, for each Passenger—Fi rs t Cl ass , 51 s . ; S econ d as, 3.58 11/ / , • g„ ~ L INGTON and Back, for each Passenger—First Class, 515.; — ,rad Class, 355. th,', l ,ese Tickets are not transferable, nor will they be available for tteturn Journey unless they htwe been endorsed at the Booking aboee of the Station on the day of returnin , ;•. Passengers to all the by :l e Places, except llarrowga.e, are at liberty to break the journey 'cialaining one night at York, either going or returning. IRISH TOURIST TICKETS, Av i v, Liable for ONE MONTH, will be issued at the following prices Ist Class. 2d Class. -Jail London •• • • .f.. 6 10 0 .... £5 5 0 ./ Oxford 515 0 .... 415 0 Birmingham, Leamington, and A Coventry— •• • • ~1(el from the other principal stations at proportionate fares. fo p tickets tickets (whica in no case e transferable) wdl be nvailab.e it'no ron.h from the date of issue. They will enable the Holders 0 1 4 loceed to Chester, thence to Bangor, Holyhead, and Dublin, Dub In to Cork, situate on the picturesque River Lee, and I t Zn ten miles of the celebrated Harbour, Dockyard, and Naval th,"l of Queenstown (Cove) ; from Cork back to Mallow, and 'Lee by the Killarney Junction Railway to the far-amed LAKES OF KILLARNEY. elle Tourist ea- , remain as long as convenient to hims e lf a t Ch e st er , h;obtor (for the inspection 0: the Britannia Tubular Bridge), Holy 4'. Dublin, Cork, and Killarney ; the only condition being, that his 1 ,7..t0 the Station at which he took his ticket must b e no t l a t er 1 One Month from the date of his departure therefrom. OPDplemental Tictets CONNE3IARA, GLENGARIFFE, the k:.1.1,11'S CAUSEWAY, and other places of interest, are issued at -,_noed Fares to Visitors holding " Irish Tourist Tickets." ` ntl eral Manager's Office, Euston Station, June, 1856. GREY HAIR RESTORED to its ORIGINAL 0,.. COLOUR with ease, safety , and certainty, by the PATENT ter,!ANIC COMBS and BRUSHES, which are also an unfailing tr k .,,`"3' : or nervous headache and all neuralgic affections. Illus- Or C i ,„ Parilphlets, " Why Hair becomes Grey, ar d its Remedy," gratis, ti re J Post for four stamps. Neuralgia, and all Rheumatic affections ko.Derfectly eradicated by the Patet alvanic Flesh Brushes, the rilaZ B ,afe, simple, and efficient galvanic ( instruments extant : patro llitZ, 0 3' the factthy. Offices : —F. M. HERRING, 32, Basinghall. bt,' - '• Agents :—Child, South Gallery, Crystal Palace ; Savory and si r -1 ‘ I Atkinson, 24, Old Bond-street ; Godfrey and Cooke, Conduit. 1 1,.; liendrie, 12, Tickborne-street ; Twinberrow, 2, Edwards. 166'. Portman-square ; Saunders. 315 B, Winter, 205, and Kennedy, w 7 1.... Oxford -street • Ross, 119, Bishopsgate-street ; Rim:mil, Ger -I.Btreet Soho; ' Worn, 17, Dawson-street, and Birch, I, Moles " Ml-street Dublin. Sold by all chemists and perfumers of repute. NEW --- —4, .rt AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE Pio. OF MEDICINE. ',lit Office Se a l o f Gr ea t Britain. Diplome d'Ecole de Phai made r harmacien de Paris. Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna. t14 4 , 1 --ES'EMAR No. 1,2, and 3. prepared in the form of a lozenge p o qld of taste or smell, and can be carried in the waistcoat pocket Ir.`, in tin caves. divided into separate doses,' as administered by ' l Deatt, Lallemand, Roux, Ricord, &c., &c. rip RIESEMAR No. 1 is a Remedy for RE to LARAT lON, SPERMATORRIICE A, and all the distressing k:l4equences arising from early abuse, indiscriminate excesses, or too si r t residence In bo'. climates. It has restored bodily and sexual I, o 'ngth and vigour to thousands of debilitated individuals who are 5, 1 in the eoent of health and t Functions of manh ; ki 7 atever m nj ay y be m the cause for DISQUALIFICATIONS he for ood MAß 4C iE, they are effectually subdued by this Wonderful Discovery. TRIESEM AR No. 11., m e , er„,„'" , ally, in the short space of three days. completely and enti re l y fiZ i cates all traces of Gonorrhoea, both in its mild and aggravated Uw e Gleeta, Strictures, Irritation of the Bladder, Non-retention of u t .,"ne, Pains of the Loins and Kidneys, ant. those disorders which ri l thl and Cubebs have so long been thought an antidote for, to the of the health of a vast portion of the population. Is ti, TRIESEMAR No. 111., toffs great Continental Remedy for Syphilis and Secondary Sy am ,,i'V'• It also constitutes a certain cure for Scurvy, Scrofula, and all t on ands Eruptions, removing and expelling in its course all corrup ih.,' purities from the vital stream as altogether to eradicate ih r " . rirtis of disease, and expell it with as insensible perspiration ii,:ugh the medium of the pores of the skin and urine, and is a th, er- failing remedy for that class of disorders which unfortunately ii,„ .l lglish Physician treats with Mercury, totbe inevitable dostruc ii,„:` of the v°orld cannot restore. e ase :lce I Is., or four cases in one for 335„ which saves 11 s., and in Si, rei n ,: ,Whereby there is a saving of , 11. 123. To be had wlrlesale and "titre Lon San ge r, Johnson, 68, Cornhill ; Hannay aud Co., 63, Ox "street ; Sanger 150, Oxford street ; R. H. Ingham, druggist, 46, golliet-street, Manchester; H. Bradbury, bookseller, Deansgate, ten' J. priestly, chemist, 51, Lord-street, Liverpool; Powell, La., _‘", ll er, 15, Westmoreland-Street, D u bli n ; Wmnall,, bookseller, III'ettIBirMIDIANI The Third Edition. Just Published, price 55., by post, free, ss. 6d. ON TRUE dr FALSE SPERMATORRIREA, with the View of distinguishing the Imaginary from the Real Sufferers under this disease, and Correcting of wide-sprePd Errors in relation to their Treatment and Cure. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by , his frequent pract, eel contributions to German medical literature. This is the first time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the nora-medl - reader. We trust this may not be the last, if he shall detect any Mier equally flagrant evil which it may be in his power to cor rect."—London Medical Gazette. " The tribe of ' Quiet Sympathisers,' Ind 'Medical Friends,' are mercilessly exposed; and if this book could find its way into the hands of those who suffer from the com plaint of which it treats, we are satisfied that many hundreds would be saved much needless suffering of body and mind, and what is 01 ass importance, though it is that which the quacks most prize— much money...... This volume is well qualified to put an end to tht empirical system of treating Spermatorrhcea, and to place the treat. ment upon a more rational and phy'iological basis. It is, therefore, ikely ; to do much gooct."—Medical Circular. London: R. Baliiere, 219, Regent-street. METROPOLIT/ GENERAL LIFE ASS street, Waterloo-place, London. kN COUNTIES and URANCE SOCIETY, 27, Regent- Capital, 100,0001. TRI7STEES. Rt.Hn. Spencer H. Walpole,M.P. I Richard Spooner, Esq., M P. Henry Peter Fuller, Esq. I E. Vansittart Neale, Esq. Life Assurance business transacted in all its branches. N.B. The bonus declared at the last division of profits averaged 33 per cent. on all the premiums paid. F. FERGUSON CAIVIROUX, Manager. SUN LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, LONDON. Policies effected with this Society now will PARTICIPATE IN FOUR-FIFTIES, or 80 per cent., of the Net Profits of the Society, Recording* to the conditions contained in the Society's Prospectus. The Premiums required by this Society for insuring Young Lives are lower than in many other obi-established offices, and Insurers are fully protected from all risk by an ample guarantee fund, in addition to the accumulated funds derived from the investments of Premiums. Policy stamnspald by the Office. Prospectuses may be obtained at the Office in Threadneedle-street, Loudon, or of any or the Agents of the Society. CHARLES HENRY LIDDERDALE, Actuary. ESTABLISHED 1837. q) RITANNIA LIFE ASSURANCE COM ,/ PANT. Empowered by Special Act of Parliament, 4 Viet., cap. 9. BRITANNIA MUTUAL LIFE ASSOCIATION, Empowered by Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent. MAJOR-GENERAL ALEXANDER, Blackheath-park, Chairman. Every description of Life Assurance business transacted, with or without Participation in Profits. E. R. FOSTER, Resident Director, ANDREW FRANCIS, 6ecretary. 1, Princes-street, Bank, London. NEW SYSTEM OF LIFE ASSURANCE. THE DIRECTORS of the NATIONAL ASSURANCE and INVESrMENr ASSOCIATION invite attention to the New System of Life Assurance exclusively adopted by this Association, viz., that of allowing Interest on all Premiums paid, instead of the remote and uncertain system of Bonuses usually adopted. By this plan the Policyholder will secure to himse'f a constantly increasing annual income during lire, as well as the payment of the sum assured to his representatives at his death. Tables of Rates specially adapted to this system of Assurance may be obtained at the °Mee of the Company, 3, Pa 1-mall East, or for warded free on application. PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. THE Dl L\TNER TO THE GUARDS. The following correspondence has taken place in refer• ence to this interesting event : " Horse Guards, Aug. 26, 1856. "My Lord—l have the honour to transmit a letter from the field officer in command of that brigade of the division under my orders which were present at the en tertainment which was yesi-I day provided by your lord ship and the other subscribers to the fund collected for this purpose, and in doing so, to request you will accept the expression of my own thanks for this most gratifying proof of the appreciation of their services.--I have the honour to be, your obedient humble servant, " ROKEBY, M.G., " Commanding Division of Guards. "The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor." "Orderly Room, Brigade of Foot Guards, August 26, 1856. "My Lord,—l have the honour, on the part of the officers commanding the three regiments, to request that you will 3 ourself accept, and convey to the members of the committee, their best thanks for tho highly grati• fyingandiiberal entertainment which wasyesterday given by the inhabitants of London to the non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the Brigade of Guards who have recently returned from the Crimea, and by whom it was most fully appreciated.—l have the honour to be, my lord, your most obedient humble servant, " A. FOLEY, Major and Col., Grenadier Guards, Field Officer in Brigade Waiting. " The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, Chairman of the Guards' Dinner Committee." " Mansion-house, Aug. 27, 1856. "My Lord —I have toacknowledge your lordship's very courteous communication, forwarding to me the letter of Co!. Foley, expressive of the satisfaction of the officers corn inar.ding the regiments of the Guards with the arrange ments of the committee for entertaining the medal men belonging to that distinguished portion of her Majesty's army. I am sure that not only every member of the com mittee, but every subscriber to the fund, will warmly appreciate this kind approval of their proceedings. lam happy to say that I hear but one re-echo of satisfaction and delight from all who were present at the gardens. The public generally seem to ratify all our doings, and this is a great compensation to the committee for the anxiety and responsibility incident to the arrangements of the details of a meeting so important, and at the same time so novel in its character. I shall have very great pleasure in placing your communication in the hands of the committee.—l have the honour to be, my lord, your lordship's most obedient servant, _ "DAVID SALMONS. "To Major• General Lord Rokeby." A shocking scene occurred at the execution of two robbers named Boye and Olsen, at Assens, in the Isle of Fuen, in Denmark, on the 18th instant. Olsen made such a desperate resistance that the executioner and six men who helped him could not bring the criminal toithe block without calling the soldiers to assist them. As soon as Olsen's bead was severed from his body, two young peasant girls, fifteen or seventeen years of age, rushed through the double lino of armed police who guarded the scaffold, and filled the cups, which they c,arriod, with the blood that spouted from the neck of the mutilated corpse, and instantly swallowed the hor rible draught. There is an old superstition amongst the rural population of Denmark that the blood of a be headed felon, if drunk while it is warm, is an infallible preservative agianet epilepsy and apoplexy. The girls were taken before a police commissioner, and declared that they hal only done what they bad a right to do ; they showed a paper, signed G. Olsen, in which he had authorised them, whenever he should come to be e ecated, to drink bin blood. (NO. 20,028.) PUBLICATIONS. Now ready at all the libraries, in 3 vols., VIRS. TROLLOI'E'S NEW NOVEL, Iv N . FASHIONABLE LIF E ; or, Paris and London. " Mrs. Trollope selects the sea -side season to gather her old tro , ps of readers around her. The story of Clara Holmwood and her city fortune, of the. unfortunate Victor and the fortunate Henry, and of M. Roche's great mining, concern, will be found neatly woven wits bright threads into a web of mystery by Mrs. Trollope in her new novel called Fashionable Life ; or, Paris and London.' The book has among its merits the invaluable one of being thorougi•'y read able."—Examiner. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn, EMERSON'S E NGLISH Voyage to England 1 Manners Land o Race Abqfty " Panted by London : George Rol I Truth Character I Wealth arrangement with th nitledge and Co., 2, Fa NEW BOOK ON Price Is., boards, AITS. By R. W. EMERSON Comp, ',sing NGLAND. The Times Aristocracy Literature Personal, Ssc, to Author." Lrringdon-street. THE DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE, No. CCLXXXV., SEPTEMBER, 1856, price 20. 6d. CONTENTS. The United states Navy. Glencore, Chaps. XXVII., XXVIII., XXIX., and XXX. The Irish in Spain. The Darragh, Chaps. IX. and X. Sinai and Palestine. Cyprus, Chaps. IV., V., and VI A. New Transla . ion of the Bible. S ea•side Occupation : Marine Aguario. P oetry: 0:d Church Bells. By Jonathan Freke Blin]sby. The Italian Question. Dublin: Hodges, Smith, and Co., 104, Grafton-street; Hurst and Blackett, London ; Menzies, Edinburg! ; and sold by all booksellers. E RASER'S MAGAZINE for SEPTEMBER, 1856, price 2s. 6a., contains : Sciemce by the Seaside. Sketches on the North Coast Giledlan's History of a Man. By a Naturalist. No. IV.— Pro; i ,ects of the Indian Civil Ser- 'I he lroliefrsaf , ds vice—The "Open' System. Stanley's Sinai and Palestine. Dwarfs and Giants. An Essay, I Pins IX, and Lord Palmerston. in Two Parts. Part ll. a ytoun's Bothwell. Explanatory. Jack Sepoy. Mau Vivian. France before and since the Re- Vaughan's Hours with the Mys. volution of 1789. ties. London : John VT. Park; and Son, West Strand . Just published, price 10s., JOURNAL of the ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY of ENGLAND.—VoI. XVII., Part I. 1. Corn Trade : —IB2S —1855. 2. Denison, J. Evelyn, M.P. : Agricultural Report of Paris Exhi bition. 3. Hen rey, Prof.: Introduction to Vegetable Physiology. 4. Bell, Dr.: Prize Report on Agriculture of Durham. 5. Way, Prof.: Composition of Waters of Land-Dra nage, and of Rain. 6. Buckman, Prof.: British Meadow and Pasture Grasses. 7. Buckman, Prof.: Prize Essay on the Roots of the Wheat Plant. 8. Voe.cker, Prof.: Composition of Farm-yard Mature, and account of the changes it undergoes. 9. Dorsi - all, Thomas : Management of Dairy Cattle. 10. Liebig, Baron : On some points in Agricultural Chemistry. (I.) Hnskyns, C. Wren: On Levelling Ridge-and-Furrow Pasture Land. Contagious Disease among Cattle in Mecklenburg. German Wool Fairs, Midsummer. 1856. Hamond, Anthony : On the Use of Reaping Machines. Parrington, Thomas: On the Use of Reaping Machines. Moore, E. W.: Experiments in Cattle Feeding. John Murray, Albemarle-street. ( 2 ) (3.) (4.) ( 5 .) (6.) LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUG UST 28, 1856. IRONWORKING AND THE APPLICATION OF FUEL. The following letter has been addressed to the editor of the Times :-- Sir, —The beautifully simple process of Mr. Bessemer in freeing molten iron from extraneous matter is one of those inspirations of genius which only occur at rare intervals, and which are still-born and forgotten, save when the inventor happens to be endowed with a more than ordinary share of perseverance and a sufficient amount of hoarded capital. Now that the process is before the public its very simplicity makes men marvel more why it was not done earlier than at the successful issue, pregnant as it is with a physical feature that will save much "sweat upon man's brow," while working changes of enormous magnitude for his future welfare. Our manufacturing chemistry is in arrear of our me chanism. Means for the application of power we have in abundance, but our processes for the development of power are still as roundabout as the ironworking which has grown up bit by bit. We dig up the coal which na ture has so abundantly stored in her huge cellars, and we use it abut as scientifically as the savage who digs up roots and devours them raw, forcing his stomach to become a cook as well as a chemist. The perceptive faculties of James Naysmith detected the absurdity of setting a number of human beings to stir up a metallic pudding in order to throw off the scum in the shape of slag or cinder. His remedy was a me chanical one—to cause the mass to boil like a pot, by forcing steam into it from below, the issue of steam be ginning before the molten mass was poured in so as to insure against the stoppage of the passages. But steam is not exactly fuel, and, instead of increasing, tends to lower the temperature of the mass of iron. Mr. Bes seiner applied air, .the food of fire, which permeated the mass, and, in conjunction with the carbon of the iron, intensified the heat and freed the miss from "matter out of place." It was" "reserved'" Ifr. Bessemer to work out the process of turring to large practical use a phenomenon known and noticed in many ways by others destitute of the genius to turn it to account. A piece of highly heated iron, he'd in a strong blast of air, may be burnt away. Even in a still atmosphere the rapid formation of scale is evidence of combustion, and if a piece of highly-heated iron be thrown down a deep vertical shaft it will arrive at the bottom in a state of increased heat. It is merely revers ing the condition ; the iron traN els rapidly to the air in stead of the air travelling to the iron. In Mr. Bessemer's plan the air is made to travel rapidly through the iron. This improvement is analogous to the process of paper making, when it ceased to be a mere handicraft, in its ultimate results. The rags go into the paper mill at one end and come out in miles of paper at the other—a con tinuous stream ; and when the results of Mr. Bessemer's plans lead to their ultimate consequences something similar will ensue in iron. The ordinary process is to run the iron from th 3 ore in the form of pigs —one heat ; then to melt it again and form it into puddle balls—two heats ; then to form it into blooms or oblong masses—three h -ats ; then to roll it into common bars—four heats. So far for common iron. For better iron the bars are cut into short lengths, piled on one another, and welded into a mass—five heats; then rolled into bar—six heats. And this process, ana logous to that of the baker in rolling oat, and beating together, and again rolling out his dough, is sometimes multiplied two or three times for a similar object, to make the mass homogeneous, to get rid of cinder and extraneous matter, with the difference that the flour kneader works on a cool material, and the iron-kneader on incandescent material—an essential difference to the human frame. By Mr. Bessemer's process one heat suffices. The ore is run out of the ordinary furnace, not into pigs, but into a refining-pot, analogous to the puddling hearth. There the heat is not wasted, but is increased, in the process of burning away the superfluous carbon. The process being complete, the metal is run out—malleable iron—into any form required. When set, the same heat suffices to pass it through the rolls and form it into bars, abso lutely homogeneous. The ore may enter at one end of the mill and the bars go out at the other. But now arises a new question. Rolls are cylinders of iron, with grooves cut in them forming the profile of the bar, and during its formation the bar passes through several grooves in succession till the ultimate form is at tamed. In bars of comparatively small size this is easily accomplished ; but the process is a clumsy one. When the bar has passed through one pair of grooves it is caught up by men with pincers, and passed back again over the top of the rolls prior to entering a second groove, and so on. Thus two liftings of the bar are required for every passage through the rolls ; time is lost, and sometimes a second heating is required to complete the operation, by reason of the loss of heat in wasted time. In the ordinary rolls the cylinders are of considerable length to afford room for the succession of grooves. This practice necessitates a great diameter to insure strength; but if only a single groove were cut in each roll the strength would be comparatively greater. By placing a train of rolls in succession, one before the other, the in got delivered from Mr. Bessemer's refining furnace might pass on a rail to the first pair of rolls with its original heat, and through them to the next, and so on till the bar were complete, without being touched by hands. Integral masses of metal not hitherto dreamt of may by this process be rendered easy of production. And be it rememeered that, other things being eqeal, in all me• chanical structures diminution in the numb,r of parts is a great comparative increase of strength. In wrought iron artillery, for example, the difficulty has been to obtain homogeneous aggregation of numerous pieces. The weld ing up of parts in the ordinary moles of making iron is juncture or contact without union, and the wrought gun of the American Commodore Stockton, which burst and killed seve ra l A mer i can nota bili t i es, and the various failures tried at Woolwich and elsewhere, are samples of failure arising from the admixture of oxygenated scale keeping parts out of union, just as the baker flours his board to keep his dough from adhering. And the success of the Mersey gun, male at great cost and with great expenditure of time, must still be regarded as empirical, till that or a similar one shall have been cut up into transverse and longitudinal slices to verify its inter nal texture. The metal known as scrap iron is filled with pores almost like some varieties of wood. Lowmoor and Bowling iron are very hornogeneou e but their great cost limits their use. Mr. Bessemer's process givee U 3 homo geneous iron at a cost below that of common iron. A gun may now be cast in malleable iron of any conceivable or moveable weight, and may be passed through rollers, if desired to be fibrous, or may in the act of cooling be increased in density by powerful hydrostatic pressure. The manufacture of iron bars of good quality has here tofore been a compound process—production, subdivi sion, and subsequent addition in the form of welding. The question of welding may now be considered as dis pensed with in the make of bars, but it enters so largely into subsequent operations that it needs analysis. Welding consists in a partial fusion of two surfaces of iron, which when brought into contact unite ; but to pro duce this fusion without oxygenated scale is a problem yet to be solved, to make it a certain instead of an un certain process. The affinity of oxygen for heated iron is so great that scale forms instantaneously by contact ; but if the surface of the heated iron be hermetically sealed in flame, the oxygen must perforce be consumed before it can penetrate to the iron, and the iron will be preserved unburned, just as the wick of an ordinary tal low candle is preserved unburned by the globe of flame which surrounds it, but which instantly begins to con sume when protruded beyond the globe of flame. The economical use of crude fuel in the furnace has led to the use of crude fuel in the forge ; and, in addition to the want of mechanical convenience, admixtures of sul phur and other extraneous matter have been mischievous impediments in the process. In producing a welding heat in a forge or furnace the corners or thin parts are burnt away before the other parts are heated, and in removing from the forge or fur nace to place under the hammer the exposed parts get scaled by the oxygen of the air, even though it is sought to cover them with a glaze of silica by throwing sand on them, a deteriorating material in itself. The next manipulation of the chemist teaches us the remedy. For his experiments he discards the forge heat of solid and commonly impure fuel, and takes to flame or gaseous combustion, urged by the blowpipe. He can thus direct his heat where he wills, and procure any in tensity he may require. That which is done on the small scale can be done on the large ; the great welding blowpipe would be simply inflammable gas and atmos pheric or oxygenated air under considerable pressure, issuing in jets and uniting in intense flame where the heat might be required, the jets being multiplied to any extent and covering any amount of surface. The flame covering the surface will prevent scaling, and, the junc• tion being effected without withdrawing the flame, the union will be perfect and homogeneous. The performance of this mode of welding by carrying the gas and air in flexible pipes to the spot where the work is done, instead of the work bei ng carr i e d to t h e forge, and the almost unlimited surface w hi c h may b e heated simultaneously, brings within our scope opera- . tions not hitherto impracticable. Wo may weld together the seams and other parts of our iron ships instead of ivetting them. We may thus considerably reduce the quantity of metal, while adding to the strength of the vessel. The value of the work done by Mr. Bessemer, not for Great Britain only, but for the whole world, cannot at present be estimated. The cheapening of iron, as well as the improvement of its quality, will make it a sub stitute for timber and brick in buildings. But thero is one other process we have yet to get at—so covering its surface as to make it practically imperishable by the agency of oxygen, hermetically sealing it with some sub stance impregnable to air and moisture. Great as is the benefaction conferred on the human race by this process, there is a class of men who will be dissatisfied with it. It is the subject of a patent, and probably patents. Sapporo it wale not so, by what pro cess would Mr. Bessemer be compensated for his labour? The whole race of ironmasters and iron agents would the inventor of the rolling mill, and the general public laugh at him, and leave him to the condition of Cort, would rejoice in cheap iron. The manufacturer and iron merchant looks only to low cost price as a means of increasing the sale and profits. Lie did not see that the brain of the man of genius is a working element ; he cannot weigh that by the ton, and he calls it monopoly, forgetting, or possibly remembering, that his own mo• nopoly lies in his large capital. But for the hoped re ward, the probability is that the inventor would not have been stimulated to exertion, and the world would have been without the invention. How is it that the iron trade, with all their appliances and means, with scarcely any need for outlay in the experiments, in their large works, have left it to Cort and Bessemer to make the great discoveries that constitute epochs ? Or will they do any one of the great things that yet remain be hind ? In truth, the inventor, like the poet, actor, mu s,cian, painter, has a peculiar brain, as much so as the man of business, only more rare in occurrence. The man of business scoffs at him as a "schemer" while un successful—the money test being in his mind the only test of success—and in thq event of success he is de nounced as a monopolist till the man of business gets possession of his scheme, and then it becomes a "suc cessful speculation." I am, Sir, yours faithfully, W. BRIDGES ADAMS. (From the Wolverhampton Chronicle.) Mr. Bessemer's discovery of a method of making mal leable iron and "semi -steel" without subjecting pig iron to the process of refining and puddling, by which a large saving in fuel, and labour, and machinery will be effected, continues to excite great attention in this neighbourhood. In our last publication we give Mr. Basemer'e account of his invention, as detailed at the meeting of the British Association for Advancing Art and Science at Cheltenham; and in ,our present paper we furnish a further account of an experimental trial which took place in London on Friday last. The opera tion was witnessed by a numerous company of gentlemen connected with the iron trade, and pronounced success ful. Two conditions, however, were wanting to that thorough fulfilment of the promises which Mr. Bes semer's invention holds-out, which may seem to require some explanation ' • and this explan a ti on it i s now our mrpose to afford. The exPeriment, for several good reasons, took place in London ; but neither in London nor its neighbourhood are blast furnaces or iron mills and forges to be found. The operation, consequently, was carried into effect upon pig , iron melted in a cupola, instead of melted iron flowing from a blast furnace; but this in no particular favoured the experi ment, for the bulk from which the contents of Mr. Bes semer's cylinder were taken being less than that of "a charge" in a blast furnace, the heat, in all probability, was less, and the metal, consequently, not so well pre pared for that admixture of atmospheric air by which its high state of incandescence is acquired. The second condition attaching to the experiment that could not he fulfilled was the conversion of the contents of the cylin-, der into bar iron. No attempt to do this could be made in consequence of none of the machinery for the purpose having been erected in connection with establishments tor melting iron in the metropolis or its neighbourhood; but the fact that malleable iron, fibrous iron, has been made by Mr. Bessemer's process, is, we understand, placed beyond doubt by the exhibition of bars that are the result of the process. Thus the process would seem complete, and the evidence of its completion before our eyes. Still the discovery is so simple, yet so great and unexpected, and the results so extensive and important, that some amount of doubt as to its immediate per fection may be excusably entertained. There is not, so far as we can understand, any chemical difficulty whatever in the way of the invention. On the con trary, through its chemical action—that is, by the infusion of compressed atmospherib air into the mass of melted iron in the cylinder—it works out the chemical change effected by puddling, and at the same time suppled that mechanical motion in the mass which the puddler with his long iron bar can only with great labour effect. The liquid iron owing to the intense heat gained literally boils, bubbles, and the scum is cast off ; taken from the cylinder in this state it is " semi-steel : " &lowed to remain a little longer, it becomes, as thickened liquids after the evaporation of portions of their aqueous contents often do, of a pasty and stringy character—of that consistence that gives the fibre to the iron. How this is effected is not quite clear. We know the modus operandi, but the cau-e of the change is beyond our view. In the case of Mr. Besse mer's iron it seems to be effected by intense heat ; in the present practice the heat is less, and the exposure to the influence of atmospheric air, modified cr changed by its progress through the puddling furnace, would appear to be greater ; for the surface of iron presented to atmo spheiie influence in Mr. Bessemer's cylinder cannot be more than the superficies of its circumference. Hence, in the two operations there is an important difference. Whether that difference eads in precisely the same re sult, so far as obtaining malleable iron is concerned, is a circumstance which only practice can substantiate. Mr. Bessemer, in the present position of his discovery, and the comparatively imperfect state in which it has been submitted to the public, must expect to encounter many doubts—doubts that only its general adoption can solve. As may be guessed from our preceding re marks, some of these have already appeared, and have received a most satisfactory and conclusive answer. Another of these doubts is the character of the pig iron which has been the subject of experiment. A writer, who adopts the signature of "Iromnaster," wishes "to know what the quality of pig was that he used in his experiments ; whether it was cold air, hot air, mine, cin der, or any of these mixed," as a knowledge of this is necessary to render the comparative loss by puddling and " boiling" accurately known—and, of course, to some ex tent, the value of the invention. We have ourselves, from good authority, heard of Shropshire pig iron of such excellent quality that, upon being heated in a black smith's forge and hammered, it was, without puddling or any other process, converted into excellent malleable iron. We cannot here enter int) any description of the qualities that constitute good iron further than to state tha.z its ductility and capability of extension, either by elongation or in breadth, or by both, with its anti laminating nature, are the constituent merits of high class iron. It is, of course, too soon to ask that Mr. Bessemer should present us with specimens of iron of the high qaality we have indicated. All that the terms of his invention allo s us to require is that malleable iron, produced from pig iron without puddling, should be shown. And this is, indeed, a high require ment.in ir on making will be super r. Be ssemer ' s invention should s of fibro us i ron. Improvements spt nerdoosedtdu caeTb O ir t i i l e oyiu o sas f ,gi t apo h iwr e noeccdel principal, asissfesms an d most expensive, and would naturally follow ; and the cost of iron being re duced, its wonderful adaptability to the requirements and the accommodations of life would be rendered more and more evident as human ingenuity, ever progressing, devised. It has not been our purpose, as the reader will per ceive, to dwell upon the more immediate and pecu niary results of Mr. Bessemer's invention. We wish to indicate its bearings r not merely with regard to its local or national, but its social results. We take it fur granted tkat the cost of th e production of iron will be materially diminished, and the consequent ap pliance of it to many purposes yet unperceived take pl a ce; hence a greater demand, a greater manufacture, and greater employment. No useful invention has ever diminished employment. A change of the mode of employment has become necessary ; bat the more re Wily that change bas been accepted the greater has been the well - doing of the individuals concerned. In the present case, so hard and so life-destroying is the puddler's labour that we believe there d oes no t ex i s t any serious objection to its relinquishment on the part of very many concerned. Loss of human life, they wisely think—and their own lives arc the lives con cerned—would be exhausted. Experiments to test the invention wlll, we hear, soon take place. It will be advisable th at they should be as numerous and as much diversified as circumstances will ought invention is tobeOtsno important that no c itted, f or by it s capa bilit y ,n -ocpefeirvsmatabintieditneTgshtsethese tests its value fillet be ascertains f. These tests, so far as we can judge, are likely to be rigorous, yet fair, and, we may add, conducted with every wish to find them successful. The theory of the invention, so far as we can ascertain, is believed to be perfect ; in its practice, beyond. the experi men t a l range of Mr. Bessemer, some difficulties are assumed, but they are not considered to be insurmountable ; a n d w hil e the testing spirit is awakened, that of inquiry cannot slumber—they must work together ; and we b e li eve we can say that experiments upon a scale ca l cu l ate d to show whether the invention is one of li m it e d or of universal applicability will soon be undert a k en. In a few weeks we sh a ll, u pon safe ground, b e a bl e to speak of one of the greatest inventions of the day ; and this we might say upon the supposition that it proceeds no further than its " semi steel process. For our selves, we do not quit it here, for we have faith ; we believe that the contemplated experiments will verify the statements of the inventor. _ _ We have yet a word to say. It is that th e informa tion of the inventio n h a s not been received w ith di ssatis• faction by the working classes in this neighbourhood, THE CASE OF HENRY CORY'S DAUGHTEI?. The following letter has been addressed to the editor of the Times:— Sir,—lf the request of a further brief xpace in your columns is not an encroachment on the kindness which inserted my late letter, I am anxious to state a few par ticulars which, besides their conneeti tri with the claims of the individual sufferers in the Curt tragedy, have a considerable public interest. It is, perhaps, little known to those it mast con cerns—Cne recipients of small pensions —that out of the pittance ordered in their original warrants 7 per cent, has been commonly abstracted to aid in paying the interest of several millions borrowed to discharge the private debts of George I. and George 11. A further benevolence of 6 per cent. was claimed fur Westminster land tax, though it is difficult to the inventor of the rolling-mill, and the general public to discern the connection between this impost and a grant of charity to deserving persons in some distant part of the kingdom. Under the shadowy title of Exchequer fees a further exhaustion of 7i to 12i per cent, depletes the Crown gift 20 to 25 per cent. alogether below the nomi nal bounty—surety a strange series of arrangements for distributing the charities of a great nation, especially the last, which introduced a poor pensioner on the official scene as a prize or booty to gladden the r C 8 angustee of, we must presume, the under-paid servauts of the State. How should we speak oe think of a private gentleman who had a charity to dispense and bargained to eke out his butler's and porter's wages by abstractions of two pences and threepences in the shilling ? But it must, I conceive, be still less known that the acts of Parliament establishing these deductions from pensions and salaries on the civil list exempt all pee sions less than 1001. a year, and all' of the .nature of charitable donations, whatever the amount ; and yet it is the incredible fact that these exemptions have not only not been attended to, but that the smallest charities have been subjected to the heaviest fines. When, upon the appeal of 16 bankers, merchants, and members of Parliament, Mr. Pitt relieved the distress of Henry Cort by a pension of 2001. a year, in 1794, five years after the national benefactor had been pillaged by that Minister's bosom friend, this bounty, both in the petition and in the grant, was especially characterised as a charity, yet the disobedient and inexorable official sponge wiped away 401. yearly. On his premature decease, in 1800, a pension of 1251. was continued to Elizabeth C rt, his widow, on the report of the Controller of the Navy (Sir Andrew Hammond) tbat herself and orphan family were truly objects for national relief. This, surdy, was a charity ; yet 1001. only was paid to her. Dying in 1816, two pensions -of 251. Os. each were accorded to two unmarried daughters, and then, as if vi Motion were the very rule of office, these pensions, which possessed the double claim to exemption of both conditions, being both charities and less than 1001. a year, were taxed with increased deductions ; 191. per annum only has been paid on each. The &rarity roll of the British empire has taken public credit for 121. 12s. yearly which it did not pay, and the sign manual of its Sovereign stood before the world fur 40 years at a discount . of morn than 25 per cent. It is difficult to trace Vie commencement or the final erect'on of these illegalities. Necessitous crecipients needing these small sums were probw ly in no position to make complaint, even had theyknown their grrev. mice. The exp ens i ve re nedy provided in the respec , tive acts—petition to the. Barons of the Exchequer— was likely to swallow up the whole instead ofa part 'of the pensions ; it might be natural to fear that a pension granted during pleasure could be cancelled by dis pleasure, and thus the poor, who could least afford the imposition, were only too glad to take what they conld get out of a gift. From documents attached to the re port of a select committee on pensions, 1808 (reprinted 1838), it appears that the clumsy device for filtering sub rosa certain charges of deduction out of other charges had led to infinite troubles and irregularities. Inter alia it is reported that numerous officers who were in a position to help themselves had habitually paid to them selves their pensions or salaries in full for so long a period that their utter ruin would have been the con sequence of the Exchequer surcharging them with de ductions legally due. The great fishes having broken through the net of law, the small fry of poor pensioners were, I presume, illegally grilled to' make good the 'de ficiency. What the powerful rich would not pay the defenceless poor, the Corts, among the rest, IN ere made to pay. This narrative offers but a mean and disparaging pic ture of the almoners of the British empire up to the ac cession of William IV. At that time a nominal change was made to remove the scandal and inconvenience of such complicated intricacy, but a relation of the steps taken to render illegal deductions permanent in the face of new acts of Parliament declaring their abolition, and which are still more inconceivable than the previous regularity, would double the length of this already too long letter. Should you consider its details of sufficient importance to warrant their insertion, connected as they are with the most enduring scientific and com mercial facts in the world's history, I shall then presume to trouble you with the conclusion of the story. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, Albany-street, Aug. 25. DAVID MIISHET. [PRICE 4D. STAMPED 5D THE WOMEN' FLOGGING IN MARY LE BONE WORKUOUSB. CONCLUSION OF THE INQUIRY. Yesterday the poor law investigation as to the alleged flogging of the females in Marylebone Workhouse was resumed before Mr. R. B. Cane, the inspector. A lar.fe number of the directors and guardians, and the accused parties, were again present. Chas. Wetherington was first sworn. He said, lam 19 years of age, and an inmate of Marylebone Work house. I know Mary Ann Sullivan. On the 22d July, about one in the afternoon, I heard a scream, and on go ing into the yard to see what it was, I saw Mr. Ryan and Green locking up two girls, Sullivan and Reynolds, in the cells. Their shoes were taken f rom th em. Mr. Ryan went to the carpenter, and spoke to him, and the car penter then went and nailed s , me wood over the grating' which lets the air into the cell in which Reynolds was placed. About 8 o'clock that night I was in the yard again, and saw Ryan and Brown go and unlock the cells. Sullivan came out into the yard, and just as Reynolds came out of the cell-door Brown struck her with his hand on the shoulder. Sullivan then ran back to Brown, and he caught bold of her by the hair of her head, and dragged her by it into the cell, which Reynolds had just le't. A little while after I saw Ryan and Green bring another girl, namei Howard, take her shoes off, and lock her up. About a quarter-past 10 the same night I was in my ward and heard some one unlocking . gate. I went out and saw Ryan go to the cells and tell Howard and Sullivan to come out. They asked for water, and said as they had been there all day without anything, they might as well be there all night. On this R' an ent to the mi idle of the lard and whistled, and then Brown and Green came to the cells and pulled them o I', Brown bad hold of Sullivan and Green of Ho Nerd. They went up the yard, and I then saw Brown lift Sul livan completely off the ground by the hair of her head with bith hands, and carry her in that way for same yards. They then took the girls into the passage, and I afterwards heard great screaming. By members of the Board—l considered the conduct of the porters very cruel, but I did not give evidence before the board of guardians because I was not called. By Brown—l will swear I saw you lift Sullivan off the ground by the hair of her head with both your hands. I did not see anyone strike Sullivan. She was taken to the passage, and I then heard a lashing of canes, and screams. I know they were canes, because saw them in the hands of Brown and Green. Mr. Ryan, I think, had a whip in his hands. I have been in Maidstone Gaol for three months. I have been in prison three times--once for assaulting Mr. Tubbs, the relieving officer, and twice for felony. Michael Hickey and John Butler, two other inmates of the same ward, gave similar testimony. Hickey ad mitted that he had been in gaol for bad conduct. • Mr. William Bsyd Musket examined—l am house surgeon of Marylebone Workhouse, and know Mary Ann Sullivan, an inmate. On Wednesday, the 231 July, she aske Ime to look at her back. I found she had weals on her back and shoulders. She bad also a mark down her right jaw, from which there was oozing of blood. I made memoranda of the cases at the time. I have them in my hand. There was also some extravas,tion of blood, about the size of a crown piece, on the left shoulder, and a bruise with suffused discolouration on the inside of the right arm. She attributed these marks to her having been flogged about 1E or 16 hours previ ously. The marks on back and shoulders were con sistent with that statement. I did not observe that the marks on her back had been bleeding. My opinion as to the blows, judging the marks is that they must have been of a sever e character, I cannot say that such blows were inflicted with the stays on. I know Eiiza beth Edmonds. I saw her on the same morning. Her back was in much the same condition as Sul livan's. I saw her back again on the 23tb, and the marks bad then nearly disappeared. I know S•iphia Howard. I was sent to see her on the same Wed• nesday morning. She was in bed, and said she was ill, when Sullivan and Edmonds told me she had been also flogged. She was shy in allowing me to examine her, bat I looked at her back and found marks similar to those on Sullivan and Edmonds. I examined her again on the 28th, and found the marks presented a greenish die colouration. Howard had also some severe marks over the forehead and nose, having the appearance of burns. They were such marks as would be inflicted with a cane or whip. I think they may have been produced with the same instrument as the marks on the back. The blows producing such marks as were on Howard's back must have been of a severe character. She complained of pain over the stomach from having been knelt on, and as she had some amount of constitutional disturb. ance I prescribed medicine for her. That might have been produced independently of the flagging. She was under my care two or three days, but I cannot say if she kept her bed all that time. By Dr. Gourley— I should think the marks more likely to be rua le by a cane than anything else. The witness having been cross-examined by the por ters, Bro wn and Green, The Inspector said he would now hear any witnesses Mr. Ryan or Brown or Green thought proper to produce. Henry Balch, who was called by the mvter, was then sworn. He said—l am superintendent of the kitchen. On the 22d of July I heard Burchall, Edmonds, and the girls making use of gross and violent language against the master, wholly unfit to repeat. They were conspiring to lay violent hands on the master, and do him it,jury, and I felt it my duty to report it to him. The Rev. Peter Moody, the chaplain, was also called by the master t o p rove th e c h aracter of the girls. Ed monds he knew as a girl of very bad character, but she had conducted herself well under proper restraint. Her general character is as bad as it could possibly be. He was not particularly acquainted with Sullivau s charac ter, and of Howard he knew nothing. Had been obliged to stop the service in chapel to seed Edmonds out. Burchalt's character was equally bad. Wm. Henry Collins was called by Brown. He said-- lam an inmate. I had charge of the gate leading to the yard. About half-past 9on the night of the 22•1 July I let the master and Mr. Brown and Mr. Green through the gate. I taw Sullivan taken out of the first cell. When she got out she laid hold of Mr. Brown. I never saw Mr. Brown lift her up by the hair of the head, and carry her any distance. Had he done so while they were in the inner yard I must have seen it. Green declined calling any witnesses. The Poor-law Inspector said if either Mr. Ryan or Mr. Green or Brown wished to make any voluntary statements, either on oath or otherwise, they could now do so. The master wished to make his statements on oath, and Green and Brown were requested to withdraw while be did so. Mr. Richard Ryan was then sworn. He said—l am roaster of Mazyli-ibone Workhouse. It is quite clear from the evidenee that Sullivan, E lmonds, and Howard, have been caned under circumstances of great provoca tion, but I gave no orders to the parties to use a cane, and I never attempted to use a cane or whip myself. That is all I have to say. Charles Brown made his statement also upon oath. He said—l was late night porter in Marylebone Work house. For several days previous to the 22d July there had been an unusual amount of riotous and disorderly conduct going on between the girls who had been exa mined and several others. In order to suppress this conduct Mr. Ryan, on the 13th July, sent me notice that it was necessary for me to do duty in the women's yard from 2in the afternoon till 6. This was extra to my 12 hours' duty at night. While I was on this duty as many as 16 or 26 punishments by confinement in the cells took place. On the evening of the 22d July I was called upon by the master four times to render him as? sistance. On the third time I told him I thought it was necessary to have the assistance of Green, as the girls seemed to be getting roasters over us, and that it was necessary to have something with us for cur protection, as the way in which I had been beaten and kicked showed that some prompt measures were required to put a stop to it. The blows given to Edmonds were given during the time she was assaulting me. Sullivan was not s'ruck by me at all. That is all I have to say. Matthew Gree❑ was also sworn. He said—l ate day porter at Marylebone Workhouse. On Tuesday, the 22nd July, about a quarter past 9, Mr. Ryan came to my room and stated he wished me to come and get 10 or 12 girls in the yard to go to bed. I went with him and Brown and stood in the passage near the women's hall. I heard Mr. Ryan request the girls many times to go to bed, and three or four voices reply that they would not. In about 10 minutes they all jumped up, some running one way and some the other. Mr. Ryan then called me and Brown. They went after Edinoads and BurchaP, and I across the yard to the passage where were English, Lynch and some other girls. I caught hold of English quietly and told her to go to She crouched down in the corner, and 11 oen and Ed monds came into the passage. Brown said, "Now, Edinonds, go to bed," when she squared like a man and struck him three or four times in the breast. After a scuffle she went to bed, and I took English upstairs. After half-past ten, Mr. Ryan again came and asked me to go with him to let Sullivan and Howard out of the black-hole. Mr. Ryan called on Sullivan and Howard to come out of the cells several times. They refused, and swore and made use of filthy language. Ur. Ryan then called me and Brown. I took Burcball by the wrist to the passage leading from the men's yard to the chapel-yard. She screamed " Murder," and threw her self du wn, and used filthy words. She kicked me so vio lently that I had three distinct scars on my left leg. Mrs. Parktr cams up and took her acsay. I may say that fn• several days previously the house had been iu continuous uproar, caused up the girls, and I believe Burchall and Edmonds were the ringleaders of the whole atiair. I have nothing more to say, but in consequence of the terrible and disagreeable duty which has occurred here, and is likely to arise hereafter, I have resigned my situation. Mr. Cane here said, so far as he was concerned, the proceedings were now concluded, and he had to thank the directors and guardians for the use of the Board room, and for the facility they had afforded in ascertain iug the truth. This protracted inquiry then terminated. M. Vallette has appealed against the judgment sen• fencing him -to restore to the Princes of Orleans three yolames: gt autograph and unpripted manuscripts he- Onging to the late Eli* Louis Philippe. BRADPORDVIUSIVAL FESTIVAL. This festival began on Tuesday morning, and its com mencement augurs a result so successful as to render Bradford the permanent seat of one of the greatest pro vincial music meetings of England. Like those of Bir mingham and Norwich it is to be triennial ; and this year it emulates the magnitude and importance of the greatest of them all, the Birmingham Festival itself. The arrangements are on a scale worthy of the wealthy and prosperous town where it is held, and their taste and judgment are implied in the fact that they were com mitted to the hands of Mr. Costa. The total number of performers, including the solo singers, the chorus, and the instrumental orchestra, is above three hundred and seventy. The principal vo calists are Madame Clara Novello, Madame Weiss, Mrs. Sunderland, Miss Milner, Miss Sherrington, and Itldlle. Piccolomini, soprani; MadameViardot, Madame Alboni, and Miss Fanny Huddart, contralti ; Mr. Simi Reeves, Mr. Montem Smith, and Herr Reichardt, tenors ; Mr. Weiss, Herr Formes, Mr. Winn, and Signors Belletti and Beneventano, basses. In this enumeration we miss some names—especially that of Miss Dolby—kene - rally regarded as indispensable on such occasions ; but the list is a strong one, and sufficient for excellent oratorio performances as well as miscellaneous concerts. The instrumental band is 103 strong, with Messrs. Saiuton and Blagrove as the principal violins. The chorus, num bering about 250, is provincial; a thing to be expected in the land, par excellence, of chorus-singing. There is hardly a town, hardly even a considerable village in Yorkshire, that has not its choral society, by whom, and without any e x t raneous a id , the sacred works of the great wasters are habitually performed in a manner which gives a stranger no small astonishment. This Bradford Chorus, consequently, is of admirable quality ; but yet, though every voice is efficient, t aggregate is scarcely strong enough to contend with the immense pOwer of instrumental sound. At the Bir mingham Festival of last year the chorus and or chestra were admirably balanced ; and there, while the instruments were of the same strength as at Bradford, the chorus was stronger by nearly a hundred voices. The undue preponderance of the instruments over the voices is a prevailing fault in choral performances, and we have often point e d it ou t as occurr i ng a t Exeter Hall. It enfeebles the chorus without adding to the real strength of the orchestra, thus creating an impression of weakness rather than of power. The opening performance on Tuesday morning con sisted of Mendelssohn's chef-d'oeuvre, " Elijah," a work which, like " The Messiah," is now considered de rigueur at every great festival or music meeting. Indeed, " Elijah" has taken a hold of the tastes and affections of the English public almost as strong as that possessed by "The Messiah " itself. It may be said of Mendelssohn, as of Handel, that if Germany was the land of his birth, England is the land of his adoption. After the lapse of a century Handel is less known in his native country than he was in ours even in his own day ; and, after the lapse of another century, the same thing will not im probably be the case with Mendelssohn. This perform. ance was excellent, and worthy of the occasion. The character of the Prophet was sustained by Mr. Weiss, to whose merits we have often paid our just tribute of praise. In loftiness of tone, impressive grandeur of elo cution, and vocal power, he is not surpassed (:f, indeed, he has ever been equalled), by any one who has ever essayed this arduous part. If, in the principal soprano part, Clara Novello has been excelled by any one, it has only been by Jenny Lind, and even this may be made a question. In the great air, " Hear ye, Israel," Madame Novello, in grandeur of conception and ar tistic execution, has certainly left every other compe titor far behind. Mr. Sims Reeves sang with his usual success. His two beautiful airs, "If with all your hearts," and "Then shall the righteous shine forth," produced a great impression. The latter was re-de mended, but Mr. Reeves did not repeat it. The fine trio for soprani, " Life thine eyes to the mountains," sung by Madame Novello, Madame Weiss, and Madame Viarclut, was, ou being re-demanded, given a second time. The choruses were sung with true Yorkshire precision, and their effect was magnificent. There were nearly two thousand persons present, and. the receipts are estimated at about 1,0001. The performance of yesterday morning consisted of Mr. Costa's new oratorio, "Eli." To-day "The Mes siah" is to be performed; and to-morrow morning there will be a variety of sacred pieces, including the 1031 Psalm set by Mr. Jackson (a provincial composer of considerable merit), Mendtlssohn's 114th Psalm, and a selection from Mr. Henry Les lie's I"linmanuel." A miscellaneous concert tomorrow evening will terminate the festival. DISTRESSING CASE. Yesterday Mr. William Carter, the coroner for East Surrey, proceeded with an inquiry at the Britannia Ta vi rn, Wandsworth-road, relative to the dea'h of George Hawthorn Vincent, aged 42, a ooaoh trimmer, of No. 10, John-street, near the above-named house. The evidence of the widow and other witnesses showed that on Tuesday morning last, about 5 o'c'oek, the de ceased g)t out of bed to make some cocoa for his wife, who had only been confined a few days. He was then in a very distressed state of mind, as there was no food in the house for thelchildren (four in number), and he said he would go and try to get some money to buy bread. About five minutes afterwards a man named Morgan called for a debt that wai due him, and searched the WI room to find the deceased, but not doing so, said he should imprison him (deceased) when he caught him. It was believed at that time that the unfortunate man had left the house, but his son, about seven years of age, on going into the yard, saw him in the water butt. An alarm was raised, and a man named Ba,deock found deceased's head downwards in the butt, the water jest coming up to the shoulders. He was apparently star d ing on the right foot, and the toe of the left just tuuebt d the ground. He was at once taken out, but was dead. The water butt was about three feet high, but the water was only two feet deep. The deceased had been unable to obtain any employment, and had walked about for days at a time without tasting food. In his pocket wa , found a lawyer's letter, threatening him with legal pro ceedings if he did not at once pay a bill amounting to 41. 18g. 2s. On Saturday last he borrowed a shilling of a friend, which he spent to buy a little food for his wife ; but with the exception of some pieces of meat and part of a loaf, which the whole family partook of on Sundey, there was no food iu the house up to the morning of the deceased's committing suicide. A verdict. of "Tempo. k rary insanity" wati'returaed iu tli4 ease. - ( - V tirrir;7, • - - —, ire. , . • - " Z.• t , \ 4 ' • - 7 A 0 A SOLDIER MU RDERED B ''' I , ~,- 4 '3 l : e o r \\--, • ..,,9,1' .--.-', , P i HIS COMRADES. 0 sve -., „ .. - • --4 , _....._ •4, •`. om,i -•• -,--- . °4 4 t, • I • ____ (Pi m ; the Dore. Cli ; on'cle of ye e te r ), . _ , , - ' '• I Scarcely had this neighbourhood recovered from ta S ' excitement occasioned a few weeks since by the - • . horrible mu r d er o f t wo s i sters - b y a soldier of the •' - Swiss Legion, between the towns of Dover and Folke. ' stone, than it is 'again aroused into consternation by another murder, almost as horrible and cold-blooded in its details as the one we mention. In this can the shocking deed was perpetrated in the open light of day, iu the 'e'"'"' ef a dozen spectators, and within a few yards of the town, the scene being a meadow in front of the military hospital at Archcliffe Fort, in ' which the 49th Regt. is encamped. The man charged with the ofience is a privaee in that regiment, named Thomas Mansell, and the unfortunate victim was a lance corporal in the same regiment, named A lexander M'Bur ney. There is no question whatever as to the guilt of the accused party, as the deed was committed in the presence -of several comrades ; the only point that can arise being as to the motive which actuated the commission of the appalling crime, and the state of the prisoner)] mind at the time. The weapon employed was one of the Enfield rifles, whi , h is in , use among the 49th, and it appears that this morning, shortly after eight o'clock, the accused came oit of the tent lee occupied with his rifle in his ham d sad deliberately walked op to the de ceaeed, wh , w e kneeling• down at the time engaged in Glee ing his regiment.] aceentremente, and, plac ing his rifle aga.ust the decea-ed's 1, ft side, shot him dead upor he ,pet, the lab entering the right side and pessieg ]ut at hi left. The deceased, it appears, rose ue and stage rel a few earth], crying " I'm shit," I'm shot—Ma -sell has shot me I" and then fell down and expired. Be the promptitude of Sergeant Major Hol- Can, of the 49. h, who was on the spot wi:hin a minute of the dreadful occurrence, the surgeon of tke 49th, Mr. II ]nnay, was fetched from his tent imm 'liately, but he fore he lad arrived the vital spark l ; d fled, and his ser. • vices, therefore, were of no avail. The prisoner, it would seem, scarcely attempted to escape—indeed it would have been utterly fruitless had he endeavoured to do so —but after he had committed the horrid dee I threw down the weapon he had need, with the simple exclatna tioa "There !" and walked away. He was, of c, u se, instantly laid hold of by a &zee hanis, and by thedirec teen of .he colonel of the regime t eas handed over to the civil authorities the same m ning. T• e only motive assigned for the act s eems i n it re lt o tr i v i a l as to induce the supposition th a t th ere =et have beer so neeth er cause .. for Mansell's rashness, which has pot atpr eserittrars Med. It is said to have arisen simply out of Vie less ( f a p sir of boots on the part of Mansell, the boots having disapi ea . ed in the following manner :—During the time the army was in the Crimea each man way provided with what is termed a "squad-bag," which was used for the reneption of surplus necessaries and clothing rendered requisite by the peculiar circumstances of the campaign. These lags with their contents were delivered up by the soldiers on leaving the Crimea and not returned to them again until they arrived in England, the contents of their ordinary packs being sufficient for the requirements of the voyage home ; and it appears that on Mansell's "squad-bag" being restored to him, he discovered theta pair of boots were missing. For some reason which presented itself to his imagination, but which appears to be totally wanting in confirmation, he accused M'Burney of steal ing the boote. The unfortunate deceased denied all knowledge of the robbery. Mansell, however, con tinued to bring the accusation against him, which ulti mately led to a regimental is quiry upon the subjectabout a month back, while the 49th_were encamped at Alder. shot, the result being. a full adquittal of M'Birney from all impu'ation in connection with the loss of Mansell's property. From that time, it is said, the two men have never spoken to each.other ; and it is not believed that M'Burney has ever offered the accused any provocation, or that any ill-feeling existed on his part towards him. Mansell is described as a morose, sullen man, although his appearance scarcely bears cut this impression. THE MAGISTERIAL INQUIRY. At ten o'clock this morning, the prisoaer, T. Mansell, was taken before the borbugn magistrates for examina tion. Nevis of the tragedy had spread over the town like wildfire ; and for some time previous to the prisoner's removal to the magistrate's-office, the approach to the police-station was lined with persons anxious to catch a girnpse of the prisoner, or learn any of the circumstance a "connected with the crime of which he stood charged. He was conveyed from the police-station in a fly in charge of Superintendent Coram. The sergeant-major of the regiment also occupied a seat in the fly, and an escort of the 49th was in attendance. The magistrates present were the Mayor (Mr. James Worst°ld), Mr. Jennings, Mr. Cooke, Mr. Sibbitt, and Mr. Payn. The pris iner, on being placed at the bar, exhibited a firm, cool demeanour. He is rather above the middle height, and his features express calmness, and in a cer tain degree intelligence. On the whole, his appearance is rather prepossessing than otherwise. John Parry, a privats in the 49th Regiment, was the first witness examined. He made the following state ment :—This morning, about half-past eight o'clock, as I was coning out of my tent, at the encampment in the field facing the Military Hospital, Dover, I saw the prisoner and Lance-corporal M'Burney. I passed between theta, and, as I was going by the prisoner, I Lit my arm touched, and, on turning round, saw the prisoner with his piece placed close to M‘Burney's right side. He immediately discharged the gun. I heard the report, and at the seine moment heard M'Burney ci-y out "I'm shot, nu shot." He cried out in this way two or three times, and the last time he cried out that Mansell had shot him. Mansell then walked away, but I followed him and took held of him before he had wit more than seven or eight yards from the spot, and he wai ordered to the guard-room, to which two other soldiers took him. When I\l`.Burney was shot he was upon his knees, but on being wouhded, he got up and staggered a few paces, but immediately fell down again. I took charge of the weapon which the prisoner had used, which is an Enfield riffs, and delivered it to the superintendent of p dice. According to the regulations of the service the rifle should not have been loaded, as soldiers are not permitted to keep ammunition about them. When I took the rile from the ground, the ex pledel cap was still upon the nipple. By the Bench—l did not see the prisoner pull the trigger of his rifle ; but I beard the report, and I heard Alexander M'Burney cry out that he was shot. M‘Bur ney had no arms about him, and was engag:d cleaning his things at the time. Toe prisoner, on being asked whether he wished to put any question to this witness, replied in the negative. Edward Brophey, acother private of the 49th, ex amined—About half-past eight o'clock this morning I was at the encampment near the military hospital, and was leaving my tent, when I saw the prisoner with his frelock in his hand. I observed him cock the piece. and saw that there was a cap upon the nipple, but I thought he was going to snap it in order to clean the piece. The deceased w‘s then kneeling down, about six yards distant from the prisoner. At that instant the last witness (Parry) carne out of his tent and passed between prisoner and the deceased. The prisoner then moved, and ca ne up quite close te the deceased, and shot him as he was still kneeling. The decease I put his hand to his side, and rose up saying, "I'm shot, I'm shot," two or thre limes, and the last time he said " Mansell has shot me 1" Mansell, who by that tine ha I thrown down his musket, and had, at four or five yards fr An the deceased, turned found and looked at him, and the deceased then fell. The deceased was im med'ately removed to the hospifal. I afterwards saw the deceased, and it appeared as if the shot had passed completely through his bedy, having entered at the r ight side and come out at the left, grazing the left elbow. The firelock produced is the same. By the Bench—When the prisoner fired at the de. cersed he held the stock of.the Are:ock upon his hip. By the prisoner—The deceased was kneeling at the time you shot him—not standing. At this stage of the proceedings the court was cleared ; and, on the readmission of the public, the Mayor in formed the prisoner that he would stand remanded until Friday. The prisoner did not seem in the least moved through• out the proceedings, and during the time that the ma gistrates were consulting took a pinch of snuff with as much sang froid as his manacled hands would permit. During the examination 61 thh prisoner a strict search was made at the camp for the purpose of discovering the ball with which it was supposed the prisoner had taken the life of his victim, and it was ultimately found em bed led in the gruund at a few yards from the spot where the deed hal been perpetrated. From a careful inquiry instituted by our , elves at the camp on Wednesday, we could trace not, the faintest motive other than that we have named for the terrible revenge taken by Mansell. THE COLLIE! T EXPLOSION AT OLD BURY-CLOSE OF THE INQUEST. OLDBURY, Wramrst•Ay. The inquest on Thomas Baker, Samuel Willetts, William Simpson, and Joseph Fulwood, four of the men who were killed by the awful explosion in Lord Ward's " Ramrod Hall" colliery, near this place, on the 13th instant, was concluded ia , t night bet' re J. Hinchliffe, Esq., coroner for Staffordshire, and a jury composed chiefly of men connected with the collieries of this ex tensive mining district. The coroner, Mr. Hinchliffe, in summing up the evi dence, said it was the duty of Thomas Baker, the butty, to try the pit with a safety lamp every day, but this he had neglected. He (the coronet) considered that on this occasion Baker bad been guilty of the grossest an d most culpable neglect, for after he had received warning from below, and Lad been requested to bring the safety lamp down into the pit with him, and after a lamp had actually been sent fok, Le said—" Oh, there's no sulphur," and went down "iplo...the - Tit 'With:the other men, carrying with him a quantity of lighted coals o which caused the ex plosion. Had Riker been non - alive he (the co roner ) cbould have felt it his duty to direc% theta to find a verdict of manslaughter n7ainst, him, for had he performed his duty the oxplosi - ei would in a ll pr,babil.ty have been pre vfnte 1. The next question to be considered was, whe ther there was any culpable negligence shown by a , y other. person. The Gov;-ronaent inspectors attributed the explosion to the want of a furnace at the bottom of the shaft. It was the duty of Mr. Spruce, the under ground bailiff, to see to this, and he had ordered a firs to be made, but this it appeared had been discontinue& It would be the duty of the jury to consider whether Mr. Spruce or any °clicr person had been guilty of such negligence as to warrant a verdict of manslaughter against them e The jury, after a short consultation, returned a verdict of " Accidental death," to the surprise of those who had heard thd evidence of the inspectors. It mig ht be men. tinned that the jury did no t ask a Obig frleatiOn throughout the inquiry. entry and, ,or 70 Flour barrel dear. ndiart I yel olders 29 6 5 25 75 44% 133% 15334 sVsi • 52% a oz. 17 9 O 0 O 0 O 0 O 0 eeklY and 16