The Sun. — London, England, 1856-10-06 00:00:00

In Svo., sewed, p rioe is ., second edition, revised and enlarged. REVIEW of the PAST and PRESENT POLICY of the BANK of ENGLAND, and of Banking in Great Britain and Ireland, in connection with the Banking Acts of 1844-45. By AN OLD BANKER. "Distinguished by Intel igeloe and strong common sense."—Globe. "We recommend this pamphlet to all who desire to understand the vestion."—Scotsman. • 1 The /abduction of a Banker of sagacity and experience".—Dun dee =t er. a Eillngham Wilson, Royal Exchange. Edinburgh : Sutherland and Knox. TB:SATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS EVENING LONDON ASSURANCE. Followed by Balmy) of PIZARRO. To conclude with A BALLET DIVERTIS3E3IENT. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Under the Management of Mr. Camas KIIAN THIS EVEIkIDTG, MUSIC HATH CHARMS. After which, PIZARRO. Rolle, by Mr. C. Kean ; Elvira, by Mrs. C. Kean. To conclude with A *ARE OF ROMPS. THEATRE ROYAL, H kYMARKET. tinder the Management of Mr. Blackstone. THIS EVENING. THE LYCONSTA`7T• Followed by The Spanish Dancers* After which, PRESENTED AT COURT. To conclude with THE GALICIA FETE. LYCEUM THEATRE ROYAL, L e ssee, Mr. Charles Dillon. THIS EVENING, BBLPHEfIOR. Belphegor, Mr. Chas. Dillon; Madeline, M Chas. Dillon. After which, the New Burlesque, founded on the Winter's Tale, Supported by Mrs. A. Mellon (late Miss Brooker), Miss 11. Gordon, M. B. White, Miss M. Wilton, Miss Itosina Wright, Messrs. Toole, Calhaem, Barrett, and Brough. stalls. 56.: Dress Circle. 4 s. ; Upper Boxes, 3s. ; Pit, 25.; Gallery. s. Commence at 7. Half-price t. all parts at 9. Box Office open daily from 11= 4. ROYAL THEATRE ADELPHI. rroprietor and Manager, Mr. 13. Webster. Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING. IRELAITD AS IT 14. FOIIOWO , I by DOMESTIC ECONOMY. To conclude with LUCIFER MATCHES ; Olt, THE YANKEE - ! ASITLErfi ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lame and Mane . -,or, Mr. Wm. Cooke. THIS EVENDTG, (Tenth Week !) Shakspere's Tragedy of RICHARD THE THIRD, with Mr. W. Cooke's admired and ettectiye Equestrian Illustrations by his thoroughly trained stud of horses. unprecedented Tableau of the Battle of Angworth Field, and Death of White Surrey by the swords of the enemy, &c. After which, The EQUESTRIAN GYRATIONS in the CIRCLE, by Artistes of celebrity. To conchae with !many varied Entertainments. Commence at seven. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. .W . west. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke. jun. TIIGFI WATER AT LONDON BRTDGE. Tins Day—Morn. 35 min. aft. s—Evening 5 min. aft. 5' TA-Monuovr—Morn. 21 min. aft. 6 —Evening 49 min. aft. 6 THE WEATHER—Strx OFFICE, OCTOBER 5. THERMOUSTER, IN THE SI-lADIL 67 —highest sines noon yesterday. 60 —lowest this morning and during the night. 64 —this day at noon. PASONFTEB, /9'92—rising. WIND, S.W.—Light, with dull weather. It rained all the night and this morning, but is now looking up. Afternoon fine. OIFFOBEn 6. 63 —highest since noon yesterday. 5 t —ll7fsgt this morning and during; the night. 56 —et!!! dal It noon. BAROUTER, St OS. Wpm. N. to N.E. and E.—Morninz fine ; noon rain, with dirty weather and wind rather fresh. STAMPED EDITION OF " THE SUN." The Latest Edition of The Sttn, Stamped, in time for Post, may always be had from half- past 5 till 7 o'clock every evening. Sunscribers in the Country will please to observe that the heading " THIRD EDITION" is always to be seen on the papor3 containing the latest news. If any difficulty be experienced n obtaining that Edition, a communication to The Stet Office will remedy it. Sun, Office, 112, Strand. > _ek c,- , :::, - -,,_ ,g ; ~.„ 4 LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1856. On Saturday we pointed out the ingenious scheme by which the CIAR expects to obtain a well-arranged steam fleet in the Euxine ; and what renders the project still more alluring, at the expense of his late opponents. By offering subsidies to the amount of between 400,000/. and 000,0001. per annum, he hopes that the capitalists of France and England may be induced to take shares in a variety of Steam Navigation Companies in the Black Sea—the single condition being that all the vessels engaged .should be so constrwted as k ea Pible of earnfing glsns ; or, in other words, they should be vessels of war without the arma ments, which could, however, be added on short notice whenever it suited the AUTOCRAT to cast aside the mask, and to press into his own service the navy so considerately provided for him by the enemy. It is true that few if any of these com panies could hope to pay the mere working ex penses, to say nothing of a dividend on the capital embarked. But the liberal CZAR provides for all that. He offers a subsidy of nearly half a million per annum-25 per cent. on the two mil lions required —so that the pecuniary interests of the shareholders will be secured, so far as they can be by a Muscovite guarantee. A judicio usl y contrived excitement, which, by various contriv ances-well known in the City, has run the quota tions up to 10 premium ; and the object of the ACIPOCRAT may be regarded as accomplished., for no amount of Capel-court protection could resist so tempting a prise. But it is not merely in the navigation of th e Black Sea that the CZAR is making timely prepa ration for future complications. He appears in a new capacity—as the generous patron of railways are to provide Holyßu3sia with the best devised system of military railways in the world. it is true that they cannot by any possibility pay ; but where there is a Government guarantee of 5 Per cent. that i 3 a matter of comparatively trivial importance. The AUTOCRAT felt during the War the want of locomotive facilities. Could his troops have be en one and safely from. Conveyed rapidly position of his extended territories to another Sebastopol m ight have been saved , and the Mus covite hu m ili ation But ALEXANDER has profited by thaverted. e bitter lesson he received— and is losing no time in umaking e very possible pre paration for th e next m Railways in Russia. arPs. practically useless for any save military purpose The rigorous pass port system, more stringent tha n in anyother part extraordinary of the world, i n t erposes such diffi culties in the way of travelling, t hat the passenge r tra ffic must, save on p ecu li ar occasions that may not occur for a score of y ears, b© utterly unpro ductive. It is not the object of the Government to moo arage it, and it well k nows how to, opposed to its wishes. Stop any proceed in g Nor can the goods traffic prove m uc h more profitable t even in this c oun t ry, un d er the We know that ' most favourahie circumstances, the re are but few railways that fulfil the anticipations of their promoters. But here, as has been well pointed out by the Morning Post, our production for export purposes is more than seventy times as much per square mile as that of Itussia, while the demands for internal consumption are in a still higher ratio. What, then, can be the prospects for handsome dividends, apart from the Govern ment guarantee ? That is 3 per cent. for a limited time—the whole property at the end of 85 years reverting to the State ; and French and English capitalists are nibbling at the artfully-constructed bait, although they may obtain nearly as large a dividend in English trunk lines, which are held i n perpetuity for the benefit of the shareholders. But it is not merely the construction of the railways in Russia, and the immense increase of power thereby sonferred on the AtrIOCIRAN that is the worst phase of the transaction. There will be a permanent drain of specie for many years to come, and when we consider the present state of the money market and the impending monetary crisis, we may, as the Americans say, begin faintly to " realise" the full extent of the mischief. The Cain is well aware that he is aiming a blow at Bngland in the tenderest point. There is already a rapid drain of bullion. Notwithstanding the discoveries in Australia and California, and the immense produce of "the diggings," we cannot hold our own. The precious metals are exported more rapidly than they can be obtained. There is already a perceptible alteration in the relative values of gold and silver, and the smaller coinage, so vitally important to the working, is becoming more scanty every day. While France and angland are thus paying the piper, Russia is accumulating vast quantities of bullion, which she is far too sagacious to employ in her own do mestic affairs. The foreign shareholders provide the funds in specie. The Russian labourers who are to do the work will be paid in paper roubles, the gold and silver being accumulated in the Treasury. Austria also is hoarding up for a mo netary erisis. But while we see and feel the evil —while we can without any pretext of vaticina tion predict the various changes of the cycle from a tightness in the money market and raising the rate of interest, to the reckless panic that must inevitably occur if means be to not taken to avert it, we are rendered powerless to avert it by the pro visions *f the Bank Chartea= Act of 1844. So long as the axed price of gold is maintained, that we are compelled to sell in the cheapest, and pur chase in the dearest market, there can be no help for us. We must see the vessel of the State drift ing on the rocks without the chance of averting the catastrophe. With a paper currency expanding according to the wants of the country, we might check the exportation without sacri ficing the welfare and happiness of our own people. Under the present system we can do nothing, but must submit to see the Cein and RIO EMPEROR making everything ready for another desperate attempt to Cossackise Europe, while we shall be fettered and rendered helpless by our insane adherence to the bullionist theories, the interested doctrines of the " Mercator" school of cu rrency. The Right Honourable JAMES TMOMAS BRI7DE NELL, 7th Earl of Cardigan, Inspector-General of Cavalry, may, after all, be no great strategist, may not have the smallest modicum of what is called Genius for War, may be in no respect at all ceititled to credit as a tactician. Dun—without any manner of doubt, and beyond the possibility of question, his heart is that of as brave, and gallant, and daring a gentleman as ever wore upon his heel the golden spur of knighthood. In demonstration of which it is only necessary to remember—what some people really appear never to have heard of—that Lord CARDIGAN " went through" the terrible and glorious Light Cavalry Charge at Balaklava. A deed of daring absolutely and literally without any parallel. A miserable blunder on the part of the Commander in-Chief ; but a matchless and heroic achievement on the part of those by whom Lord RASLAN'S Order was carried into execution. An achievement so astonishing from its te merity, that Marshal BOS,IIET, looking down upon it from the hill top, exclaimed in very amaze, an amamment at once of scorn and admi ration "O'est magnifique, mais ce n'est pas la guerre !" Yes, but at the same time reversing that most truthful definition of it—lf it was not war, it was magnificent ! And in that Light tvalry Oharge, in its glory and in its perils, the Earl of CARDIGAN personally participated, participated as fully as any one among the rest of the immortal Six Hundred. He not merely took a part in it, but a very conspicuous part in it. Ile led it. He rode his horse—. like the rest of them —at a trot, at a canter, at a gallop, through that " hell fire" of Same and balls, right through the serried ranks of the em battled army of the Russians, infantry, cavalry, and artillery, striking down the gunners beside their cannon, and clearing a deadly path out to the open ground in the rear of the enemy, and so, more than decimated, returning through the same diabolical storm of shot, back through the Valley of Dtaath, to the fatal point of departure. And throughout the whole of this appalling feat of arms, Lord CARDIOAN led the Brigade, to and fro, across that long Mile of De struction, stretching down to the Russian battery in that awful, and thenceforth ever-memorable Valley of Balaklava. During the double passage along which fatal mile of ground—mark what were the deadly effects wrought upon the Bri gade by the Russian cannon and musketry ! Cap tain NOLAN, the bearer of that cruel and idiotic " Order," by which so many brave men were doomed to inevitable destruction —,Captain Nora; the bearer of the order, protested against, and alas ! only protested against by the Noble Earl (LuCAN) the General command ing the two Brigades of the Cavalry Division— was struck in the heart by a musket ball, almost at the very iiastant the fatal command was given for the Advance ! Captain MORRIS, of the 17th Lancers —following Lord CARDIGAN with his troop - --was cut down at the Russian Battery. Captain ( hamiAlie, of the 13th Light Dragoons, was blown to pieces in entering it. Captain__ WINTER and Captain WarrE (both of the 17th Lancers) were struck to the earth a few seconds earlier, the former killed, th e latter severely wounded. Captain GoO D and Captain JENyNS 13th Light Dragoons) mere un horsed, the former dead, (both of the the a b t o t u e r t n the ai ta same ed. time Captain PERCY SMITH, besides being himself wounded, had his horse killed under him, as was the case with three other officers of the 13th Light Dragoons, TREMAYNE, JERVIS, and CRAMBERLAyisTE. WEBS, of the 17th L ancers, was mortally wounded. . Sir WILLIAM GORDO N was severely wounded. Captain (now Brevet-Major) MAXSE, one of L ord CARDIGAN'S aides-de-camp, was wounded short of the battery. Sir G. Womuwzr,r., the noble Earl's extra aide-de-camp, had his horse killed, and was for a time made prisoner. Captain LOCKWOOD, another of his Lordship's aides-de-camp, Was thereabouts killed shortly afterwards. While —of the frightful havoc done among the attendant troopers by shot and shell, swor d , bullet, lance, and bayonet—have we not all heard the dreadful tale as it has been told by the historic pen of Mr. RUSSELL. of the Times, and as it has been since then sung by the earnest voice of the Laureate THINNYSON ? Lord CARDIGAN, as Major-General in com mand of the Light Brigade, leading officers and men into the Russian Battery, leading them beyond it, until " the belted Earl " came suddenly with his followers upon a large force of Russian cavalry, and being in person attacked simultaneously by two Cossacks, was there and then slightly wounded and nearly dis mounted. After which, the remnant of the glo- rious Light Brigade, the few survivors of that valiant band (Lord CARDIQAN among them) re, traced their terrible path, littered by the dead and the dying, horse and man, and ploughed up by the balls of the Russian artillery, returning at a blown and jaded gallop along that disastrous Valley of Balaklava. let it is the man who actually led this charge, who was wounded in it, who passed through the whole of its dread perils, and who, in so doing, looked at death face to face for " what you will," for honour, for glory, for his QUEEN or his coun try, for a soldier's obedience, or, what SHAYS • !PERI has called with such magnificent scorn, the babble reputation--he it is who, ever since he set foot again upon the soil of his native land, has been the chosen target for every species of base innuendo in the way of paltry and despicable sneers of depreciation. Lord CARDIGAN, it has been insinuated, rode fast ! Lord CARDIOAN never leaped his horse across a gun carriage! Lord OAR AW Ai this, and did not do that, and thus with every spiteful comment and malicious insinuation his name has been coupled with " the whispered hint, the shrug, the hum ! the ha ! those petty brands that calumny doth use." The fact being all the while that Lord CARMAN " went through" the light Oavalry Oharge—that he was wounded in it—and that having passed through its glory and its dangers, he has earned, like every other man in the Brigade, dead or living, from the Private upwards, from the General down wards, the glorious fame (deserved by each on that day, if ever man deserved it) of a Hero ! Honour to the brave Earl, then, say we—honour to the gallant Soldier who leg the Light Brigade to Glory and Dsath down that fatal Talley of Deetruetion. We, Ultra-Liberals, Radical Re formers, veritable Democrats, if you will, pay this unstinted meed of our admiration to the Valour of a Dauntless Gentleman—what though he be, as JASIM BRUDENILL, Earl of Cardigan, has long been (we might almost say notoriously) an exaggerated Tory of the old school—a Tory par song, a Tory of the Rue blood, and if any one peer of the realm may be so designated, the haughtiest of haughty aristocrats. But—sneers some malignant whisperer again— Lord CARDIGAN, since his return to Bngland, has gone to public dinners in the very uniform he wore during the Light Cavalry Charge at Ba laklava ! And has he not earned the right to wear it— " Tarnished, too, and dim, As if hot battle's cloud had lately circled him," —if h• so pleases, has he not earned the right to wear it as well as any other heroic soldier has earned the right to wear a star at his breast or a ribbon in his button hole t Away with all this miserable rubbish, the rubbish of envious malignity— the malice that mutters and the envy that shrugs its shoulders. Lord CARDIGAN may be—not much of a Commander ! >6Be may have slept on board his yacht while other men were shivering through the night hours in the Crimean encampment. He may have been most culpable in sacrificing the horses of his Brigade in the Dobrudscha and before Sebastopol. He may be guilty of all this, and of much mono—hub OEII, when all is said and done, he has incontestably won for himself the glory due to %brave and unbleaching Suldior. THE LATE GENERAL SIR COLIN HALILETT, The mortal remains of the venerable Governor of Chel sea Hospital were, on Thursday last, consigned to their final resting-place, in the cemetery attached to Chelsea Hospital. //LATH OD LORD DE FRIT/CR.—The Death of this nobleman, long known in the House of Commons as Mr. Arthur French, of French Park, Roscommon, is re ported. DEATH OE COLONEL Saimaa., C.B.—We regret to have to announce the death of Colonel Frederick George Shewell, C. 8., of the Bth Hussars, which took place on Wednesday, near Guildford. Colonel Shewell had been 30 years in the service, oommanded the Bth Hussars at th• famous Bala&lava, charge, where he brought a por tion of the brigade out of action, and subsequently held the rank of Brigadier-General in the Crimea, for which he was made a C. 8., and awarded a pension for distin guished services. Colonel Shewell was in every sense of the word a good officer, and was high in the esteem of all who knew him, He was 47 years of age. THS HEALTH OP isORD EIBINGTOII.—At the annual meeting of the West Buckland Agricultural Association, held on Wednesday, Earl Fortescue stated that Lord librington had been positively forbidden by his medical advisers to attend any candlelight meeting, and he was also obliged to abstain from reading and writing ; and, to prevent the possibility of his transacting any business, he bad been advised to withdraw himself from England for the next six months. With strict adherence to the rules laid down for him he (the noble earl) looked forward to his return early in the spring with the fall restoration of the sight of his remaining eye. CITY R EGISTRATIOff. —Mr. M`Christie concluded his revision on Saturday. The following is a summary of the results of the revision :—Clajms allowed, 51 • Ditto failed, 13 ; Obj ections allowed, 533 ; Ditto failed, 42 ; Erased by the Barrister, 27 ; Old names omitted from the inew register, 1,871 ; New names inserted on the new register, 1,870. The proceedings then terminated. TRH MAILS.—The British and North American steamer Persia, Judkins commander, took her departure for New York on Saturday with a large cargo of fine • goods and 209 passengers. Yesterdaythe Donald M'Key, belonging to the "Black Ball" line of Australian mail clippers, sailed for Melbourrie with 500 passengers and 2,000 tons of cargo. THE MAILK—SOUTHAMPTON, Oct. 4.—The Peninsular and Oriental Company's screw steamship Pera, Captain Soy, with the India, China, and Mediterranean mails, sailed this afternoon for Gibraltar, Malta, and Alex andria. She has on hoard 135 first, and 25 second class passengers, 778,7631. value in specie for India and China, 1,0001. for Alexandria, and a full general cargo. Among the passengers are General Lowe, Archdeacon Pratt, Hon. Mrs. Campbell, Dr, Duff, General Tomkins, Com mander Mould, R.N., and Captains Mainwaring, Morgan, Weikel-, and Atkinson. The Madrid, Captain Brad shaw, will convey the Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Cad* and Gibraltar mails on the 7th inst. The Sultan, Captain Cook, will be despatched on the 16th inst. as an extra ship to Gibraltar, Malta, and Alexandria, with passen gers and cargo. The Indus, Captain Brooks, with the next homeward India, China, and Mediterranean mails, is expected about Wednesday next. The United States' mailsteamer Hermann, Captain Higgins, will sa il f rom this port for New Yo r k next Wednesday with the Ger man, French, and English mails, passengers, and cargo. SounwerroN, October s.—The screw steamer Ham burgo, Capt. Logier, from the Spanish ports, arrived this afternoon, with 19 passengers and a large cargo, con sisting principally of dried fruits and wine. Among the passengers are 17 shipwrecked sailors from Malaga. The dates by the Hamburgo are—Barcelona, Sept. 14 ; Va lencia, 15 ; Alicante, 16 ; Malaga, 18 ; Cadis, 23 ; Corunna, 26 ; and Santander, Oct. 3. Daring the voy age the vessel experienced generally fair weather. After dis charging her cargo, &c., for England, the Hamburgo will leave for Hamburg. The steamer Barcelona, be sloonugtihnagmptotont, on he thesam emolrinnei,ng of ther eachet lost.dlsSantander,from GRATESEND STAR STEAM — PACKET; COMPANY.—The final annual meeting of this once flourishing company was held on Friday last, at the Clarendon Hotel, Graves end ; Chas. Becket, Esq., the chairman of the directors, presiding. It appeared from the report presented that, during the past year, the directors had been actively en gaged in realising the assets of the company, and dis: posing of the stock, in which they had succeeded, th:f-agh at a great sacrifice upon original cost. Upon tb;) whole the directors recommended the payment of is dividend of 9s per 51. share, and that the compe- - -iy be forthwith dissolved.—Mr. Marriott complained that the directors had sold the boats at a great sacrifice, aeod advocated the necessity of appointing a committee of shareholders to examine most minutely into the affairs of the corn pany.— Mr. Dobson, the secretary of the company, in reply, stated that :1 few gentlemen had offered to pur chase some of the 'boats, with the intention of getting up another company. The directors, however, had refused to accept the proes offered, and had since obtained better terms. One of the boats for which these gentle men offered 1 ; 000/. was sold for 1,5001. After some discussion, a resolution to dissolve the company was unanimously adopted. rilE S LONDON, MONDAY 181-VENI'NG OCTOBER7'6I 1856. LATEST NEWS. NAPLES, Oar. 2. Baron Martini arrived here on the 29th. The King returned the following day to Gaeta. There had been a council of Ministers. It is affirmed that a Ministry with General Filangieri at its head will be formed, as he is con sidered acceptable to France. All, however, is agitation and uncertainty here. It was reported by the Royalist party that the King of Naples is supported by Russia, Austria, and Prussia. VIENNA, Or. 4. Baron de Hubner arrived yesterday evening and this morning had a conference with Count Buol. Naples perish' in its refusal. The mig nation of Prince Petrulla has been accepted. MARSEILLES, SATURDAY. The news from Constantinople to the 25th September informs us that there is a rise in the price of wheat there, in consequence of a scarcity of the article. The English fleet was awaiting in the BOrn phoru.s its orders to depart. The Sultan had been invested with the Order of the Garter. The political embarrassments of the Porte were increasing. Lord Stratford de Redcliffe's influ ence prevailed one day, and that of M. de Thou venel the next, till it was superseded by that of M. von Prokesch. M. de Thouvenel was dissa tisfied with the turn which had been given to the question of the navigation of the Danube in the Magnan case, aid insisted on the observance of the privileges which were alleged to have been disregarded. On the other hand it is beyond doubt that an Austrian circular has been privately issued which prohibits the Austrian officials to give any relief or assistance to either Turkish cu , French ♦essels navigating the Danube. The truce between Turkey and Montenegro is to expire on the 12th inst. In spite of the pacific assurances of Prince Danilo, three attacks have been made by the Montenegrins on the Turkish position near Spug. An Austrian Colonel has repaired to Cettinge to keep the Prince quiet by persuasion if he can. M. de Talleyrand and Sir Henry Bulwer have returned from Broussa. Letters from the Black Sea describe a tre mendous storm at Varna, and they also state that several casualties have occurred in the Sea of ARA by vessels runnting upon the sunken ships there. BERLIN, Ocr. 4. The Archduke Albert met with an accident y. terday at the camp at Biramberg. His carriage was upset, and the Prince received some slight contusions. General Count de Leiningen died the day before yesterday at Cracow. COPENHAGEN, Oct. 4. The Ministerial crisis is at an end. The Cabinet is reconstituted as follows s—M. Andrea, Presi dent of the Council and Foreign Secretary ; Fenger, Finance Department ; M. Scheele (Mi nister for the German Duchies) and the other members of the late Cabinet, with the exception of M. Bang, retain their portfolios. MADRID, Oft. 3, The Government of O'Donnell is showing the greatest energy in the Mexican affair. The Queen has declared the child of the Duchess of Montpensier to be Infanta of Spain. A decree for the free cultivation of tobacco in the Philippine Islands is gasetted. To-morrow, the tth, is the King's name-day, •n which occasion there will be a reception and kissing of hands. a..... 1.01, . , The Paris correspondent of the Timis (second edition), in his letter dated yesterday, says I— " A Council of Ministers has been held this day at St. Cloud, under the presidence of the Emperor. The affairs of Italy, and particu larly of Naples, were again under deliberation. What resolution has been come to, if any, we , have not yet means of knowing. It is cer tain, however, that the question has now ac quired the greatest importance and causes much anxiety. Recent and trustworthy accounts describe the condition of Italy at this moment as most critical, and the greatest fermentation extends from Cape Spartivento to the States of Tuscany. I doubt whether the unhappy Sovereign, whose cruelty and obstinacy are the cause of all, will make any concessions worth speaking of, and I do not learn that the hopes expressed for the last few days are likely to be realised. There are rumours of an approaching modification of the Neapolitan Ministry in a liberal sense. I am suable to say whether these rumours ' are entitled to credit, but I believe this Govern ment would be very glad if they were. " The Eposi, of the 30th of September, men• tions that the Emperor of the French intends, one of these days, to visit at. Jean de LUII, is order to examine the situations and condition of its fine harbour. "Permit me to say a few words on the fore going. It does not require much intelligence to understand that a military and fortified port at It. dean de Lua is just the thing that France wants, and ever has wanted, to command the whole Calabrian coast. With a steam fleet there, and with the stores, arsenals, and appurtenances of a maritime establishment of war, the Basque pro vinces are at the mercy of France, though the numerous little ports along them are, compara tively speaking, without defence. The 'Vienna Press., of Oct. 1, has a leader on the Russian Circular, which contains passages well worthy o f not i ce. Aft er a p ass i ng a ll us i on to the " p rou d se lf -con fid ence " w hi c h perva d es the Russian Ci rcu l ar, t h e Tienna journalist th us speaks of the present attitude of Russia " The assurance that Russia is not sulking,' but collecting herself, is most satisfactory. Let her collect the whole force of the nation, though not as heretofore to direct it against her neigh bours, but in order to derive every possible ad vantage from the natural resources of the coun try, t• develop its industry, to civilise its inhabi tants, to emancipate its serfs, and to create a re spectable middle class. Let her do this, and the whole of Europe will hail in Alexander U. a second Peter--e k generator of the gigantic em pire over which he has been called by Providence to rule." FRANCE. PARIS, SUNDA,. Last night an attache of the British Embassy left Paris, with despatches for London. A Cabinet Council was held on Friday, when the Neapolitan question was discussed ; and again yesterday some further decisions were arrived at. The despatches therefore which left Paris last evening report the result of those Cabinet deliberations. On Friday the Neapolitan Ambassador at the Court of the Tuileries had a private interview with the Emperor before his Majesty's Ministers left ; and on the same day Admiral Trehouart, who commands the fleet at Toulon, also had an interview with the Emperor. M. Brunow frequently visrts the French Foreign-office, and a second note or pro- , test on the Neapolitan question is said to have been read to 3,1, Walewski within the last week, Austria ' as usual is watching to take the side of the stronger _tarty, and then make a virtue of it. The mail from Algiers brings news from Kabylia to the 24th ult. The divisions of Generals Renault and Yusuf have had a brilliant engagement with the insurgent Xablyes, in which the loss of the latter was very considerable. The majority of Commissioners for the Danubian Principalities have refused to discuss the proposed questions until the Austrian troops evacuate, and until the Sultan decrees the meeting of the Divans on such terms as are embodied in the protocols of the Peace of Paris. The Moniteur contains a list of subscriptions, received from Huddersfield, Yorkshire, for the in undation fund. It amounts to 11,820 fr. 60 c. The total amount received has now reached the e F ev re e n ry ch da s y qu t a o dr sa o i n l fiosr aNtarTjloots'2l.enTheexpveocstsienlgs are—La Bretagne a n d l'Al ges i sum of 11,291,804 f r . 33 c. ; : a s ` orders Th with the steam frigates Isly, Duchayl a , I'l3l ln, an d Napoleon. The following letter p;pp tionnel ears in the Consfitu --Sardinia c l a i ms th e r i g ht o f joi:iGngErTiOnA the navel 3 rj, v, Al demonstration intended against Naples. A to Austria he re fl ee t i s a l rea d y sa i l i ng for‘itWheith aro G r u e l g r of Naples ; and we conjecture that it must now l'Ave arrived from Malta, whe re it t ouc h e d lately accrirding to the last acc oun t s , un d er the order of Vice-AeAmiral Count de Bourguignon. The Austrian ships - would then be the first at the rendezvous, for the French and English fleets have st i ll or d ers to receive before advancing to the capital of the Neapolitan States. "There are also some Piedmontese, and Piedmont is going to send four of her frigates with the four ships and four frigates of Great Britain and France. A letter dated Paris, Oot. 4, says A good many persons, s ome say 100 , were arrested the night before last in the Rue Mouffetard and in other streets of the nth arrondissement. The parties are charged with being implicated in the posting up by day, and particularly by night, pla t n trh a e o c c in or character.recommend e proprietors,n the These most demandost s placar ds"cheapma r summary breadet h a r r d e a s t o e o f n r adeath, very m measures against the owners of house property, and several of them used very disrespectful and even menacing expressions towards the Emperor himself. Such angry ebullitions of popular feeling, occurring at the moment when the work ing classes are called on to pay their rent, show the sort of relations which exist between them and the proprietors. Those relations are the worst that can possiby be imagined. Political economists tell us that things find their level, and are of general benefit sooner or latter. They are, no doubt, right, but the classes I speak of have rather loose notions on political economy ; they only feel that they PAre ground down by high rents and as high taXation, and they are discontented. It may be trite, as the ilioniteur lately stated, that for eve - ry house pulled down four or five new ones tiave been built ; but it is equally certain that those who occupied the old houses could no more become tenants of the new edifices which have arisen on their sites than they could take up their quarters in the moon. Rent has quadrupled within the last four years, and the condition of thousands whose income has continued stationary must be deplorable. In the newly-constructed houses rent is enormously high ; in some of the principal streets it is not uncommon to find a second • and even a third floor, unfurnished, let for 10,000 f. (4001.) which a few years ago might be had for less than one-fourth. But it is not merely in new con structions that this increase is found. Houses which have hardly undergone any repair —which have been untouched by the brush of the painter or varnisher —have risen with the same rapidity, so that any thing like cheap or even moderate lodging is out of the question. People who invest capital in building do so unquestionably for profit, and they have a right to fix whatever value they please on their property ; but it is undeniable that many house proprietors are most grasping and remorseless in their exactions. What with the high price of p,o visions of all kinds and enormous house-rent, it is difficult to understand how not merely the working classes, but also the small employes under Govern ment and clerks in commercial houses, can manage to live. At this conjuncture, so critical to so great a portion of the public, I am assured that many families have been thrown upon the street. They know not where to go for shelter, for the new landlord will be found as exacting as the one that ejects them. This hatred, just or unjust, against the proprietors, is intense and general, and if ever any disturbance takes place these, I fear, will pass • a maurais quart d'heure. I have seen the tran scripts of one of the placards torn down by the police the night before last, with the words, " Tu.; ton proprietaire ; jo tueraile mien I—Mort aux proprietaires ;" and some other specimens of the same kind. The Moniteur publishes two decrees—one ex tending to the 31st December, 1857, the delay fixed by the decree of the 19th September, 1855, for the modifications in the Customs tariff in the colonies of Martinique, Guadeloupe, Ile de la Re union, and Senegal, as far as regards corn, flour, and pulse ; and the other adding copper, either pure or mixed, with zinc, and sheet zinc, for the use of ships' bottoms, to the list of articles admitted free of duty when intended for naval constructions. Bonass, Oct. 4.—The following were the last quotations : Cash. tr. e. End of Mouth. per Cents 9l 75 —f. $ per Cents 67 60 67 75 New Loan — Bank Shares 3,975 Roman Credit Mobilior 1,535 Austrian Belgian Fivos. 9Bi— Spanish Threes Piethnontese(s) 9O Some Debt RAILVi'AYEI—TOII C 6.1311. tr. c. fr. c Orleans (id) ........1,300 Z- Western (xd)... ...... 896 25 Northern Lyons ... 1,295 New Ditto Lyons Geneva 760 Teste Cette — Austrian Com. ...... 615 AUSTRIA. A letter from Vienna, in the Bdtrsenhalle of Hamburg, says :—" A courier arrived here on the 27th ult. with despatches from Count gtackelberg, Russian Ambassador at Turin. It is said that he conveys to Baron de Budberg the intelligence that an interview has been ar- I ranged at Nice, during the residence there of the empress Dowager of Russia, between the EM perors of France and Russia and the ring of Sardinia. It is not true that the Emperor of Austria has any intention of visiting Rome in his approaching excursion into Italy. He will not proceed farther than Milan." Another letter from the Austrian capital, in the Post Ampt Gazette, says :-m-" The budget has been approved of by tie Emperor. A considerable economy has been effected in the military department, but that of the navy has received an additional sum, in con sequence of its intended augmentation. An in crease has likewise taken place in the Department of the Minister of the Interior and in that of the Minister of Public Instruction." A third letter, in a Berlin journal, says :—" Since the return here of the Emperor of Austria from Hungary, several councils of ministers have been held, at which the affair of Naples and the present state of the public funds were discussed." NAPLES. NAPLES, Sept. 28.—The Neapolitan Govern ment had sent, or was about to send, a very volu minous despatch to the great Power, which was to be conside re d as a d e f ence of the King and his Government. The late State trials had terminated ; most of the accused having been found guilty. Captain Acuti had retracted his assertions about the King having ordered the prisoners to receive so many lashes, by which means he has, no doubt, saved himself from imprisonment. We find the language of the Neapolitan Govern ment thus shadowed forth in the Debats : "We believe that the wrongs attributed to the King of Naples have been exaggerated, and that the number of political prisoners is far less numerous than has been stated. Two and even three thousand untried priso ners have been mentioned ; b u t thi s a pp ear s improbable. It is not conceivable that so large a number, belonging almost exclusively to the superior classes of soc i ety, can have been s e p ara t e d w ith violence from their families and placed in dungeons where they hav e boon rotting f or y ears . According to reliable infor mation, it appears that the Neapolitan Government held in confinement less than 200 political offenders, and that, as soon as the protocol of the sitting of the Bth April becameknown in Naples, the King ordered more than half the prisoners to be released ; thus, when Austria made her first step, not above remained 100 in prison. Since that step, and the notes of France and England, the King has accorded other pardons, but with a secrecy which he believes calculated to preserve the tranquillity of the kingdom and his personal dignity." SWITZERLAND. The Indepenclance Beige publishes the following letter, dated Neuchatel, 29th ult.:---"Our Cantonal Grand Council adopted in its two last sittings various resolutions, referring to the Royalist insurrection of the 3d. The Administrative Council of the capital of the canton, which remained completely passive, during the nocturnal invasion of the band of La Sague, and obeyed with extraordinary conde scension the requisitions of the insurgents, has been not only suspended, but the powerful cor poration over which it presided, the bourgeoisie of Neuchatel, has been abolished as a political and ad ministrative body, to make room for the municipal authorities, at the same time that the considerable property it possessed is to be applied to the wants of the citizens. The decree, erecting the city of Neuchatel into a municipality was voted by 48 members 33 Government Republicans and 15 Independent Republicans) against 32, 25 belong ing to the Royalist faction and seven to the Independent party. The Grand Council has like wise pronounced the definite suspension of the Ad ministrative Councils of two other districts, which had joined in the insurrection. it, moreover, de cided that an inquiry should be instituted into the conduct of the officers, who, although holding their commissions from the Republic, had made no exertion to re-establish order and restore the legal rule in their respective localities. Finally, it decreed the distribution among several important localities of the canton of the war materiel of which the capital had been hithertoin possession. The number of pri soners confined at Neuchatel for having taken part in the Royalist insurrection is reduced to 32. Among them are four Protestant ministers. Many have been liberated on bail or on parole." PORTUGAL. ( LISBON, SNn. 29. The government has directed its financial agent in London to apply to an eminent English house, and in its default to another with the object of in viting offers for the projected loan. It is said that the high price of Portuguese bonds leaves too little margin to tempt speculation in this country, for it is obvious that the government will found their calculations upon the current value of the Three per Cent. Stock. Signor Corradi, Spanish minister at this court, formerly editor of the Clamor Publico, has been decorated by the King with the order of Christ. It is understood that this gentleman, being altogether opposed to O'Donnell's policy, asked for his recall after the coup d'etat, and that he will shortly be superseded —some say by Pastor Diaz. Such a mark of favour to a minister whose political views are so well known may show with some significance the bent of the royal mind upon Spanish affairs, for there is no question that Dom Pedro V., young though he be, has conceived some very decided opinions on the subject of stars and crosses, and sees little use in idly disposing of them, a fact which he proved on more than one occasion to the late ministers. Apropos of this, during the Sal dauha administration an agent applied for a title on the part of a wealthy Pertuguese, resident abroad, who had deputed him to open the official doors with that key which had never failed before ; but on calling to learn the result, he was told by the minister that had the application been made during the Regent's rule there would have been no difficulty, but that things had altered, and, in short, the young King did not wish it. By a notice of the Board of Health, promulgated on the 27th inst., the city is declared free of cho lera, and clean bills are now given to all vessels leaving the port. There is some doubt if the Span ish consul will yet pass clean bills of health to ves sels bound to that country, or even if he does, it is probable the Spanish authorities will continue the quarantine on the vessel's arrival, and it will not be surprising if the British packets are still hampered by sanitary regulations. In foreign exchanges, with the exception of Lon don, which has fallen this packet, no material alteration has occurred. Paper continues very scarce on all places, and in some demand. The following are the quotations for this mail :—Lon don, thirty days, 53% ; ninety days, 53k. Paris, one hundred days, 530. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, SATUUDAY EVENING. The Arabia arrived here at noon to-day. She sailed from Boston on the 24th, and from Halifax on the 25th of September. She brought 61 pas sengers, $777,899 in specie, and four days' later news. The political news is of little importance. Both parties were canvassing Pennsylvania vigorously. The new Governor of Kansas has issued the fol lowing address and proclamatian on entering upon the duties of his office : " Fellow-citicens,—l appear among you a stranger to most of you, and for the first time I have the honour to address you as the Governor of the territory of Kansas. The position was not sought by me, but was voluntarily tendered by the present chief magistrate of the nation. As an American citizen, deeply conscious of the blessings whioh ever flow from our beloved Union, I did not consider myself at liberty to shrink from any duties, however delicate and onerous, required of me by , my country. With a full knowledge of all the circum stances surrounding the executive office, I have delibe rately accepted it, and, as God may give me strength and ability, I will endeavour faithfully to discharge its varied requirements. When I received my commission I was solemnly sworn to support the constitution of the United States and to discharge my duties as Governor of Kansas with fidelity. By reference to the act for the or ganisation of this territory, passed by Congress on the 30th day of March, 1854, I find my duties more par ticularly defined. Among other things, lam to take care that the laws be faithfully executed.' The constitu tion of the United States and the organic law of this territory will be the lights by which I will be guided in my executive career. A careful and dispassionate ex amination of our organic act will satisfy any reasonable person that its provisions are eminently just and benefi cial. If this act has been distorted to unworthy pur poses it is not the fault of its provisions. The great lead ing feature of that act is the right therein conferred upon the actual and bona fide inhabitants of this territory in the exereise of self-government to determine for them selves what shall be their own domestic institutions, sub ject only to the constitution and the laws duly enacted by congress under it.' The people accustomed to self government in the States whence they came, and having removed to this territory with the bona fide intention of making it their future residence, were supposed to be capable of creating their own municipal government and to be the best judges of their own local necessities and in stitutions. This is what is termed 'popular sovereignty.' By this phrase we simply mean the right of the majority of the people of the several States and territories, being qualified electors, to regulate their own domestic concerns and make their own municipal laws. Thus under stood, this doctrine underlies the whole system of repub lican government. It is the great right of self-govern. ment, for the establishment of which our ancestors in the stormy days of the revolution pledged 'their liv e s, th e i r fortunes, and their sacred honour. A doctrine so emi nently just should receive the willing homage of every American citizen. When legitimately expressed and duly ascertained, the will of the majority must be the imperative rule of civil action for every law-abiding citizen. This simple, just rule of action has brought order out of chaos, and by a progress unparalleled in the history of the world has made a few feeble infant colo nies a giant confederated republic. No man conversant with the state of affairs now in Kansas can close his eyes to the fact that much civil disturbance has for a long time past existed in this territory. Various reasons have been assigned for this unfortunate condition of affairs, and numerous remedies have been proposed. The House of Representatives of the United States have ignored the claims of both gentlemen claiming the legal right to represent the people of this territory in that body. The Topeka constitution, recognised by the House, has been repudiated by the Senate. Various measures, each in the opinion of its respective advocates suggestive of peace to Kansas, have been alternately pro posed and rejected. Men outside of the territory, in various sections of the Union, influenced by reasons best known to themselves, have endeavoured to stir up in ternal strife and to array brother against brother. In this conflict of opinion, and for the promotion of the most unworthy purposes, Kansas is left to suffer, her people to mourn, and her prosperity is endangered. Is there no remedy for these evils I Cannot the wounds of Kansas be healed, and peace be restored to all her bor ders ! Men of the North, men of the South, of the East, and of the West, in Kansas, you, and you alone, have the remedy in your own hands. Will you not suspend fratricidal strife 7 Will you not cease to re gard each other as enemies, and look upon one another as the children of a common mother, and come and reason together I Let us banish all out side influences from our deliberations, and assemble around our council board with the constitution of the country and the organic law of the territory as the great charts for our guidance and direction. The ions fide inhabitants of this territory alone are charged with the solemn duty of enacting its laws, upholding the Go vernment, maintaining peace, and forming the founda tion for a future commonwealth. On this point let there be a perfect unity of sentiment. It is the first great step towards the attainment of peace. It will inspire confidence among ourselves and insure the respect of the whole country. Let us show ourselves worthy and ca pable of self-government. Do not the inhabitants of this territory better understand what domestic institutions are suited to their condition, what laws will be most conducive to their prosperity and happiness, than the citizens of distant or even neighbouring States I This great right of regulating our own affairs and attending to our own business, without any interference from others, has been guaranteed to us by the law which Con gress has made for the organisation of this territory. This right of self-government —this privilege guaranteed to us by the organic la se of our territory, I will u ph o ld with all my might, and with the entire power committed to me. In relation to any changes of the laws of the ter ritory which I may deem desirable I have no occasion now to speak ; but these are subjects to whi c h I s h a l l direct public attention at the proper time. The territory of the United States is the common property of the seve ral States, or of the people thereof. This being so, no obstacle should be interposed to the free settlement of this common property, while in a territorial condition. I cheerfully admit that the people of this territory, under the organic act, have the absolute right ,of making their municipal laws, and from citizens who deem themselves aggrieved by recent legislation I would invoke the utmost forbearance, and point out to them a sure and peaceable remedy. You have the right to ask the next Legislature to revise any and all laws ; and in the meantime, as you value the peace of the territory and the maintenance of future laws, I would earnestly ask you to refrain from all violation of the present statutes. I am sure there is patriotism sufficient inthepeople of Kansas to lend a will ing obedience to the law. All the provisions of the con stitution of the United States must beisacredly observed, all the acts of Congress having reference to this territory must be unhesitatingly obeyed, and the decisions of our clerks respecied. It will be my imperative duty to see that these suggestions are Oarrit3d into effect, In my offi cial action here I will do justice at all hazards. Influence by no other consideration than the welfare of the whole people of this territory, I desire to know no party, no section, no North, no South, no East, no West—nothing but Kansas and my country. Fully conscious of my great responsibility in the present condition of affairs in Kansas, I must invoke your aid and solicit your gener ous forbearance. Your executive officer can do little without the aid of the people. With a firm reliance upon Divine Providence, to the best of my ability I shall pro mote the interests of the citizens of the territory, not merely collectively, but individually ; and I shall expect from them in ratan that cordial aid and support without which the government of no State or territory can be administered. Let us all begin anew. Let the pest be buried in oblivion. Let all strife and bitterness cease. Let us all honestly devote ourselves to the true interests of Kansas—develope her rich agricultural and mineral resources—build up manufacturing enterprises—make public roads and highways—prepare amply for the edu cation of our children—devote ourselves to all the arts of peace—and make our territory the sanctuary of those cherished principles which protect the inalienable rights of the individual, and elevate states in their sovereign eepacitiee: " Then shall peaceful industry soon be restored::: population and wealth will flow upon us—' the desert will blossom as the rose'—and the State of Kansas will soon be admitted into the Union, the peer and pride of her elder sisters. " JOHN W. GEARY." The new Governor has issued a proclamation disband ing the volunteer militia, which has attempted to enforce the territorial laws under the directions of his predeces sor, and commanding all the Free-state men to disband at once or quit the territory, and commanding all male citizens between 18 and 45 to organise at once into a militia, and to bold themselves in readiness to be sum moned into the service of the United States. The Old Line Whig State Convention had ad journed after nominating Mr. Fillmore. There had been a great Whig meeting at Baltimore on the occasion. The English West India mail steamer Tay was lost near Lopez Island on the 30th of September. The passengers, crew, and mail were saved. The danger from yellow fever was considered over in New York. The dangerous vessels had been allowed to come up to quarantine anchorage from the south-west spit. Mr. George Peabody had declined the public dinners tendered to him by New York, Philadel phia, Boston, and other cities, in consequence of his efforts to promote international good feeling between Great Britain and the United States. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Flour has been dull, and prices declining since last dates. There is a fair demand for the local trade, but very little doing for shipment. The receipts are very moderate, owing to scarcity of water in the West. Wheat is arriving more freely. The market closes dull. Southern white, 150 c. to 160 n. per lb. ; Western, 153 c. to 160 c. ; Canadian, 155;1. to 160 c. ; Western red, 130 c. to 147 c. ; Southern red, 140 c. to 147 c. Indian corn continues in fair demand. Yellow, 67c. to 68c. per 561 b. ; white, 70c. to 73c. Cotton—There has been a good inquiry during the past week, but owing to the lightness of stock the amount of business has not been large. Prices have advanced ic. per !pound since the arrival of the Asia. The sales are estimated at 7,500 bales. The exports, &c., of cotton since the Ist of September are as follows :—Total exports, 5000; last year, 33,000 ; to Great Britain, 3,000 ; last year, 29,000 ; receipts, 28,000 ; last year, 69,000 ; stocks, 68,000; last year, 160,000. Freights are still advancing. To Liverpool, for cotton, id, to 3.16 d. per lb. ; flour, 2s. to 2s. 3d. p.9r barrel; grain, 9d. to 10d. per bushel. To London, flour, 2s. 6d. per barrel ; grain, Bid to 9J. To Havre, cotton, ie. per lb. ; flour, 70c. ,to 75c. per barrel ; grain, 180.. per bushel. Exchange on England has been in very moderato de mand 'at 1091 to 1091 per cent. Bills on France, &f. 15e. to sf. 181 c. Money is in demand, but sufficiently abundant for sound commercial purposes. Stocks are depressed, the recent rise baying been succeeded by a decline. The following letter has also been received : NEW YORI, SEPT. 23. It seems to be pretty well conceded on all sides that Dame Fortune has turned the wheel far ' enough round to bring the friends of Fremont up permost in Pennsylvania, so far as the chances for the October election are concerned. The Repub licans reason that it will be an indication of the Presidential vote in the following month ; that a decisive victory in October will not only insure a triumph, but a rout of the Administration in No vember ; that the influence will extend to other States ; that the Fillmore party, who are strong enough in New York to be formidable even alone, and still more so if uniting with the friends of Buchanan, will be disorganised by the defeat of Buchanan's supporters in his own State I and that in the doubtful States of the West all doubting f men, all waiting voters, will 'be sucked into the vortex of Republicanism. On the other hand, the Democrats reason that if the State of Pennsylvania is carried for the supporters of Mr. Fremont by aid of friends /of Mr. Fillmore, the union between the two will be dissolved by that election ; that when they separate and vote for their respective candidates for the Presidency the result will be different—Fremont's vote will be diminished below that of Buchanan, and the vote of the State thus given to the latter ; that the in fluence on the vote of New York will not be such as the friends of Fremont anticipate ; that the friends of Fillmore in New York being more friendly to Buchanan than to Fremont will vote for the latter if they see that his election is seriously imperilled, and that therefore an unfa vourable result to Buchanan in October will insure a favourable issue in November. Another movement in our local politics also may i have a decided effect upon the national result. `; This State is to elect its Governor on the same day that it chooses electors for President. The Repub licans have nominated Mr. King for the office, and the New York Herald has taken exception to the nomination, and lends its influence and support (which is undeniably great) to the democratic nominee. The new Governor of Kansas has entered upon the duties of his office with an address full of peace ful professions and exhortations to the settlers to cease strife, to lay down the sword and resume the ' plough. But it recognises the Missouri Legisla ture, and points to that as the only means of relief. 4 When it is remembered that one of the qualifica tions of an elector to vote upon the choice of mem bers of this Legislature is an oath to support the Kansas Nebraska Bill, the Fugitive Slave Law, and the acts of the territory, it is plain that the I Free State men have little to hope for beyond the right to get possession of such of their property as has not been destroyed or carried away by the in vaders. Robinson and the other State Prisoners have been released on bail, and thus for the moment , peace is restored in Kansas. Mr. Corwine, the commissioner sent to Panama to report upon the Massacre of the California pas- ' sengers, concludes his report with a recommends• / tion that possession be taken of the Isthmus. LOSS OF THE ROYAL WEST INDIA MAIL STEAMER TAY. A telegraphic despatch was posted late on Saturday at Lloyd's, announcing the loss of this splendid steam ship, one of the fleet of the Royal Mail (West India ) Steam Packet Company. The intelligence was brought by the Arabia steamer, which arrived yesterday forenoon at Liverpool, from New York, and from the account brought by her it appears that the Tay was lost on the 30th of last August, on Lopez Islands. Happily, all her passengers, crew, and mail were saved. The Tay wa s 1,858 tons registered, and had engines of 440-horse power di She is supposed to be insured. THE GREAT WROIIGHT-IRON GIIN.—We were enabled last week to announce that a series of trials were to be made on Wednesday, the Ist inst., at Shoeburyness, with the monster wrought-iron gun manufactured by the Mersey Steel and Iron Company. The experiments were conducted under the directioa of Colonel Mitchell, in the presence of the select committee of Artillery officers from Woolwich. They were eminently suc cessful. The practice consisted of about 27 rounds with solid shot and heavy charges of powder, the range, w ith 18 degrees of e l evat i on, and a charge of 50lb. of powder, exceeding at first graze 5,000 yards. We have not yet had information as to the range obtained in each round, but we believe all were exceedingly satisfac tory, being far superior to anything ever obtainei by the ordinary guns in her Majesty's service. The line of fire was also most admirable, the shot fol lowing each other with surprising accuracy. Mr. W. J. Horsfall and Mr. W. Clay witnessed the experiments, as representing the Mersey Company. Since it was last tried a new and very beautiful carriage has been made for the gun, combining the recent excellent appliances introduced by the Woolwich authorities, and which ren dered the working of this immense weapon of destruc tion as easy as that of an ordinary (38-pounder. Some experiments were also made with various descriptions of riled guns, including the celebrated weapon by Whitworth, of Manchester. On this occasion it seemed to 'answer admirably. We understand that the Mersey Company are now engaged in mak. ing another wrought-iron gun, but of what size and for what destination we have not heard. This trial comes at an opportune moment, when the ques tion of introducing larger pieces of ordnance into our men of war has received much attention, owing to the presence in the Southampton waters of the American frigate Merrimac. Her guns, which are 11-inch bore, are of such a formidable character that it is believe - a our most vaunted ships of war could scarcely cope with her. In the event of an engagement with a vessel of nominally greater strength she would be able to keep at a distance which would prevent the risk of being boarded, while she would be able to direct a destructive fire against her opponent. Surely it is time for Govern ment to consider the necessity of keeping a-head of other nations in those matters which have made her rodstrou of the seas. A, 1 count Thu dent . l: the to t it 0 c tli&i , 3 collo ( tw o ( , 11( gt 74 l ek CB/ its hey t b - , BB IT 3 f , suer IN lift 1 )Itl Ch tsol I i cc ▪ R 1 Jib )it' BE amil Dlti C 11.1114, ▪ Dit BL 516 C t :i reall f TI repo Bea ta Datcl . Dil ' 4 Part by d wou !ICI II