The Sun. — London, England, 1861-01-17 00:00:00

THU SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENIIgO, JANUARY 17, 1861 ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. Under the Management of Miss LoulsePyne and Mr. W. Harrison, Sole Lessees. THIS EVENING, and THEe Week, Belle's Nen , legendary Optra, BIANCA, BRAVO'S BRIDE Miss Louisa I - yne, Miss ThirlwaM : Messrs. A. Lawrence, J. Wharton, 11. Corri, A. ".•,,t. Albyn, G. Kelly, Wallworth, T. Disrin, Lyall, and W. Harrison. With the Graud Pantomime, BLUE BEARD ; or, Harle quin and Freedom in her I' land Home. Clowns. Messrs. H. Boleno, H. Payne. Hildyard, and Lilliputians. Harlequins , M essr s. Milano and F. Payne. Pantaloons, Messrs. Barnes and Tanner. Columbines, Mdme. Boleno and Clara Morgan. Sprites, the Zelinski Family. Mr. W. H. Payne, Mlle. Lamoureux. &c. Conductor—Mr. Alfred Mellon. Commence at Seven. 1 1, 1EATRI?,-ROYAI” HAYMARKET. Le see, Mr. J. B. Baekstone. TTITg EVENINn the 'wenrrpwnnog nlll 00P1111.110.^ .4th (by desirP) SHP STOOPS TO CONQUER. Miss 7Tardeastle, Miss Fanny Stirling; Tony Ltunpkin, Mr. Bnckstone. After which, a new Pantomime. QUEEN LADYBIRD AND HER CHILDREN. The Pantomimists by the un rivalled Leclereqs, Herr Cole, and Fanny Wright. Commence at 7. j OTAL PRINCE S S'S THFATRB.--- Lessee and Manarer, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING. the performances will commence with THE CORSICAN BROTHERS. Messrs. Eecbter, Harris, Meadows, Mrs. Weston, and Miss Murray. After which, a A ',hristmas comical pan tomime, entitled ?W ROBINSON CRIJSOE ; or, H ar l eq uin Friday, and the Ring. of the Caribbe Islands : in which Monsieur Es nos theatres and Mdlle. Marie Dumilatre, of the principal continental , will appear. Clown, Sfr. A. F. Forrest. THEATRE -ROYAL LYCEUM. Bois Lessee and DiSeetreSe, Madame CELESTE. Last Week of Mr. John Drew's Engagement. THIS EVENING, a new Drama, entitled THE IRISH EMIGRANT. Messrs. G. Vininr. J. Johnstone, T. Lyon. F orre ster, and John Drew; Miss Kate Saville, Miss Stuart, an d Mrs. .T. Rouse. After which, the Lyceum Christmas Comic Extravaganza, CRTSTABELLE or, The Rose without a Thorn, showina rim vl siov OF A ROSE. ITS FADING AT EVE AND THE, MAY-BLOOM OF THE WILD BRIAR. To conclude with MORE BLUNDERS THAN ONE. Larry Hoolagan, Mr.'John Drew. A 'DELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. -A go. Peon?letor and Manamer. Mr. Benj. Webster. THIS EVENING, AN UGLY CUSTOMER. Messrs. J. L. Toole, C, Selby, and Warde ; Miss K. Kelly, and Miss E. Thorne. After which: THE COLLEEN BAWN. D. Roucfcanit, D. Fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson. C. J. Smith.Romer. Miss Agnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chat terley. To BLUE concludeßEAßD withFROM a new BurA NEWI P ue Extrav aga OlNTnzaOF , Fitilz. entitled Messrs. J. L. Toole. P. Bedford K. Kelly, Laidlaw, and le. Thorne.. C. J. Smith; Miss Woolgar, Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7. Box-offloe open from 10 till 5. No charge for booking. Private boxes, £2 25.; Family Boxes, Xi. Oreheatra Stalls, ss. • Balcony, 45.; Front Circle Stalls, 25.; Pit Stan% 25.; Pit,lls. Sd.; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. V 5 R OYAL AMPHITHEATRE. — m propr i e tor and Manager , Mr. W. BATTY. sTLE Last T hree Nights of the Wondrously Trained Lions. A Grand Juvenile Fete will take place To-morrow,B, e , omme ncin at two o'clock with the Pantomime, concluding w ith the Lions.! This Evening, a new Spectacle, en-titled TAE LION CONQUEROR ; or, The Death Jungle, expressly for the introduction of the Wonders of the World,Groupe of Performing Lions." The Lion Conqueror, Mr. J. Crockett. To be succeeded by Scenes in the Arena, supported by alented Parisian and British Artistes. Concluding with Ratty's Prize Equestian Comic Panto mime. for Good Little Boys and Girls, by T. L. Greenwood, entitled HARLEQUIN AND THE WONDERFUL • HORSE ; or, Percinet and Grociosa, the Ugly Duchess and the Greedy Ring, produced with Gorgeous Scenery, by Mr. Cuthbert, new Costumes and Appointments, and introducing In the comie scenes Batty's Prize Equestrian Harlequinade, and the celebrated Old Bob Ridley, and Brandon Ledger. Doors open at half -rant 6, performance commence at 7. Boz-office open daily from 11 till 4 Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST. Director of the Arena—Mr. Pearson. CANTERBURY -HALL PANTOMIME “ THE ENCHANTED HASH," EVERY EVENING. ENTERTAINING PEOPLE. I(ARSFIALL and Mr. BELL. GOOD TEOPLE. Wildrose, ) Fairies, with the usual atcom- ) Mr. Marshall Primrose, ) plishments. 1 Mr. Bell. COMMON PEOPLE. Farmer Thickhead (a husbandman, with a Wife Mr. Bell. th a nd Child• who make a fool of him) Giles G 051114.7, (e mysterious Orphan. who runs after every Miss, and afterwards Harlegnin)Mr. Marshall. Dame Thickhead (who. having worn out the breeches, takes to P antaloons) • • Mr. Bell. Dolly (the bell of the village, which Giles in tends to ring the _changes to Columbine).. Mr. Marshall. BAD PEOPLE. Howleygrowley,l Demons of the blackest dye 1 Mr. Marshail Growleyhowley, 5 and brightest Magenta. 5 Mr. Bell. COMIC PEOPLE. ...... Mr. F. Brut , . Columbine .. .................. Mr. E. MARSHALL. C10wn........ ...•• ............. Mr. E. MARSHALL. ntaloon ................ • .... Mr. F. BELL. Pa ,Scene CANTERBURY (that's) HALL !— Time A.D. 1861, at half-past nine. Mr. B. A pack of nonsense I Mr. M. IV hat we want— h ! pooh 1 Mr. B. Poo The idea a Pantomime played by two i HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY. —Morning , sh. 42m.—Afternoon, sh. 59m. To-moußow.-Morning, 6h. 16m.—Afternoon, 6h. 34m, --- THI3 WEATllliaL—Sux 07710 E, JAN. 17, 1861. TIIZIOLOICETIIIL, IN TIM SHADE. 87—highest since noon yesterday. 26 —lowest this morning and during the night. 36—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.28. WlND—North -Easterly—rather fresh; with a gentle thaw—preceded by a fall of snow—but still cold. At length the Noniteur speaks out in explana tion of the mystery at Gaeta. A Monarch who had proclaimed to the world, to England especially, that he fully accepted the principle of non-inter vention in Italy, has been, unless all Europe be wrong, intervening most effectually in behalf of the rejected against the elected King of ITALY—and what after all is the explanation ? "To give a mark of sympathy to a Prince cruelly tried by des tiny." Why for that purpose, a single French vessel sent avowedly to be at his command to con vey him whither he wished would have been sym pathy enough in all conscience. " The EMPEROR never intended to take any part in the conflict"—shall we call this audacity or men. dacity ?—Both. It is an audacious lie. Driving away the man and the ships which had made LA MORICERE haul down his flag at Ancona, and forcing CIALDINI to spend half the winter constructing siege works to little purpose in rocky ground, was taking no part in the conflict ! It is taking no part in a street fight between two men for a stronger bystander to seize and hold the right hand of one of them ! But " prolonging this demonstration" would be intervention; of course it would—pro longation of existing intervention. The secret of all this is what we pointed out the other day. The Italian elections are at hand, and patient as the poor Italians have been under the caprices of their professed Liberator, they would have been roused by his perfidy at Gaeta to return more anti-French representatives than the EMPEROR would like. But more than that, the Parliament in which the affairs of Italy will be freely debated must soon meet. Questions must soon be put to our Ministers on the subject of Franc© and Gaeta, an swers must be given, and speeches would certainly be made, by the KINGSLAKES, HORSMANS, ROE BUCKS, PEELS, and others, which the Intervener at Gaeta would little relish. We may then venture to hope that this monstrous piece of vanity—cruel vanity too—is at an end; and that we may thank the sth of February for it. We shall be too glad to see this impudent imperial freak over to say much about the wretched excuses for it. Let us hope that the rejected Monarch, left to his late subjects and the Monarch they have chosen, will soon find his late- born courage evaporate, and that the batteries of the Piedmontese will not have to be used after the IDth. It would be but wanton cruelty if any more lives were sacrificed to the pride of the Young Bourbon. A little more than a fortnight—and Parliament 'will have assembled. The Ministry and the Oppo sition will then confront each other for another xession —the tactics of each depending, we may rest perfectly well assured of this, upon a variety of as yet but dimly foreshadowed contingencies. The discussions, both in the Lords and the Com mons, during many years past have been so entirely guided by the interests of party that it is most earnestly to be hoped and prayed for, in the new struggle preparing for us within the walls of the Legislature, that the interests of the country may, by way of novelty, be taken this year now and then, however incidentally, into consideration: To this end, more, if possible, will be dependent upon the magnanimity of the Opposition than upon the energetic civism and patriotic ardour of the Government. It is essential, however, that the Cabinet should afford the requisite opportunity for the display of this magnanimity to the leaders of her MAJESTY'S Opposition. As how ? is it asked, in the slang idiom of the day. The answer is obvious—By the adoption of a bold and manly, a clear and comprehensible course, in regard to all the topics of vital import that will have to be taken into account, sooner or later, before the approaching session shall have termi nated.- If only her MAJESTY'S Ministers will dare to adopt a resolute and consistent policy during this session, they will strengthen their already powerful position before the country and before Christendom ; and, in spite even of the financial difficulties which will have to be tided through somehow, while Mr. GLADSTONE'S rash hand is upon the helm in the midst of very perillous and intricate navigation, they may a t once, by this simple device of adopting a bold and manly policy, secure simultaneously the advantage of the commu nity at large, and their own triumph for yet another year over a powerful and united Opposi- tion. Besides which—as already implied—a policy of the nature indicated will put to the test the gene rosity and patriotism not merely of the leaders but of the rank and file of the Opposition. It will render manifest at a glance the slightest tendency among them to anything like mere: factious anta- gonism. The Government of Lord PALMERSTON has under ordinary circumstances, the command of a good clear majority of the House of Commons. That fact has been proved again and again both during the whole of last session and during thelatter half of its predecessors. It is only when the course adopted by the members of this Coalition Government becomes hesitating and equivocal, that the inde pendent Liberals begin to fail in their allegiance —escape froin within reach of the lash of the whipper-in—sometimes even (the more impracti cable or adventurous of the number) cross over to swell the ranks of their habitual antagonists by trooping into the lobby with the Conservative throng from the side of the Opposition. It was is this way that affairs went badly last year with the Liberals upon the subject of the Reform of Parliament. The Cabinet was so little in earnest upon the matter, that its outside supporters got disheartened and disgusted. They prepared a scarcely calculable swarm of amendments nearly one hundred amendments altogether — rods in pickle, kept in readiness (it the time should ever come for using them, which time it is but too well known never did come after all !), kept there in readiness for the flagellation of that poor Little Bill in committee. The truth being obviously that upon the question involved in that rough draft of an intended (?) enactment the strong Coalition was a "house divided against itself." There, in truth, is the ACHILLES-heel of the Government. There is the clue through the laby rinth of their sometimes inexplicable inconsistency —in mooting measures at the beginning of a session with a flourish of trumpets, and then allowing them to die out quietly and :not even to have the benefit of a decent sepulture. So it was with the Reform Question. So it was with the Question relating to the remodelling of the Laws on Bank ruptcy. So it was in reference to so very many other subjects of supreme, and some of them of really urgent importance. Until the ordinary quiet little ceremony of the Bill-Battue at the approach of Autumn was lengthened into a seemingly inter minable Massacre of Innocents—lnnocents most of them brought into existence with a view solely to their ulterior destruction. Instead of battling manfully and resolutely for the triumph of prin ciples, Ministers were, in this way, upon too many themes of exceeding interest to the community at large in themselves, only carrying on a grand Sham Fight discreditable in every way to their individual and collective reputations. It is quite impossible that the same line of con duct can be pursued again with impunity. It rests with themselves, therefore, whether the session of 1861, like the session of 1860, shall be one of mere Debate, in which case it must, this time, inevitably be also one of Defeat, into the bargain —or whether the future session, unlike the past session, shall be one of active legislation, in which contingency it must certainly be, it can alone be one of triumph the most signal and reite rated over any and every opposition. We say this because we believe it—and we do so with a vivid remembrance, too, of the weak point in the panoply of the Coalition, namely, its financial policy under that most rash and experimental of all our finan ciers, the right hon. member for the University of Oxford. In spite of which—such is our apprecia tion of the abilities of our administrators and of the numerical preponderance of their supporters in the House of Commons, and such, moreover, is our sense of the nobler sentiments of civism and of magnanimity latent in the hearts of the leaders of the great party of the Conservatives, and in the hearts also of the majority of those Conservatives themselves—we are firmly convinced that it requires only a bold and straightforward policy on the part of the present Government effectually, and in every sense of the phrase, to disarm the Opposition. Mr. BUCHANAN, like FRANCIS 11. means to die game. Haviag fled before the Southern bullies, as the King did before the redoubtable Garibal distils, the PRESIDENT seems now inclined to fight it out. Reproaches have doubtless come so thickly upon him from all the most respectable men of the Democratic as well as the Republican party, that he perceived he must either screw up his cou rage to breast the storm, or retire from office the most unhonoured, if not dishonoured of his country's Presidents. What an epitaph to leave to posterity —" Here lies JAMES BUCHANAN, whose timidity broke up the American Union." The worthy old gentleman, tortured to death doubtless between his innate love of negro slavery and his fear, at last bethinks himself that a coward's grave is an intolerable fate, and determines to enforce the Federal laws and rights. He appears, indeed though rather late in the day, to be imitating General JACKSON. The General, however, at first, as soon as only nulli- fication was threatened, sent a vessel of war to collect the Customs, which soon settled the busi ness. Mr. BUCHANAN waits till the Custom House Arsenal and other Federal buildings are seized, the Federal Revenue Collectors converted into State Collectors, the vote of secession, not of nullifi cation merely, confirmed by the most daring acts, and then at last, we read, that instructions have been seat to the Commander of the steam frigate Brooklyn, now at '.Norfolk, to put her in readiness to be prepared to leave at a moment's warning. Now that all themisehiel: is done, and the United States Commander of the Forces at Charleston has beca obliged to give up fart Moultrie to the rebels, and to betake himself to the almost impregnable fort Sumter, a frigate is ordered, not thither, but to be ready ! Even his firmness is, after, all that of a BUCHANAN not of a JACICSON. His decision will, however, in all probability necessarily increase. His cabinet seems to have been pretty nearly equally div id e d on the q uestion whether the excellent strategic move of Major ANDERSON should be disowned or not. The PRE SIDENT, in this important case, however, determined to stand by his clever officer. The Charleston Commissioners raved indignantly, for Fort Sumpter, as we have mentioned, commands Charleston itself, the other forts, and the harbour, besides being very strong, and they called the proceeding bad faith. BUCHANAN, however, was firm, and the Secretary at War, Mr. FLOYD, who wanted to send the counter manding order, resigned. Mr. BUCHANAN at once accepted the resignation. Yet it is but a few days since General CAss resigned because the PRESI DENT refused to take necessary steps to strengthen the Federal forces in Carolina. The majority of the Cabinet are now, we presume, for a bold policy. The North meantime is demanding such a policy. Even the party of Mr. BUCHANAN at New York, the Democrats, have spontaneously proposed to tender the general Government a militia force of 10,000 men, "to put down insurrection in one por tion of the country." Massachusetts and New Hampshire have spoken to the same effect before. And, most important of all, the army officers, with the veteran SCOTT at their head, are decided for preserving the Union. An interesting letter has indeed been published, written to General CASS by General WooL, who commands the eastern depart ment of the army, including South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi. The latter urges in strong terms the reinforcement of the army, so as to quell all thought of secession. The PRESIDENT has, he says, only to exert the power conferred on him by Congress and all will be safe, and a civil war prevented. From a sepa ration he predicts torrents of blood, followed by pestilence, famine, and desolation. This letter was dated the 6th of December, and no doubt had great weight with General CASS. And, in truth, it does not seem unlikely that had Mr. BUCHANAN then acted on the advice of the two Generals, instead of encouraging secession by his message, the Carolinians would, as in Gen. JACK SON'S time, have thought twice before they acted. The Southern States seem indeed to have wished, if they could, to go to the extreme of putting them selves in the wrong. Instead of waiting for acts on the part of the North, they have really nothing to allege in their declaration of causes of secession, but the opinions of the North, and :its acting on those opinions in its Presidential vote. Their own staunch friends cannot acknowledge their reasons. They might so easily have waited till something was done officially by Mr. LINCOLN of which they could complain. Thy_ might have let federal property and the federal revenues alone, and have entered first into fair and peaceable dis cussion with the other States on the conditions of continued union. The course they have taken, as the North asserts, shows a foregone conclusion. They have been long wishing for a Southern Con federation, and the election of Mr. LINCOLN is but the mere pretext for the separation ; and it cannot be denied that the hot haste of Carolina, and of the States likely immediately to follow her, justify such a suspicion. The pleasure of having their slavery all to themselves, and still more the hope of regaining the commerce they had lost to the North, had long been the real motives for desiring a Southern Confederation. For humanity's sake, every man here, and in America too, must wish to avert anything so horrible as civil war between the white population, rendered yet more horrible by the ground-down negroes, knowing that their wrongs were really at the bottom of it. It would seem almost impossible not to have a civil and a servile war at the same time ; the latter one of the most righteous ever waged on earth. The victory must, undoubtedly, be with the populous, more vigorous, and rich North. Indeed, at the very outset the miserable poverty of the South is apparent. The Governor of Alabama, for instance, has actually taken the ex traordinary step of writing to all the banks in the State requesting them to suspend specie payments, as the silver and gold would be wanted for State purposes; and assuring them of obtaining for them an act of indemnity on calling together the State Legislature. They may want, he says, a million dollars, in the event of secession ; they could not sell the State bonds, in America or Europe, except at a ruinous discount, and, therefore, for this paltry sum, about £200,000 sterling, the Governor of one of the Sovereign seceding States, proposes to lay hands on the cash reserves of the Banks ! Even Austria herself could not surpass such poverty as this. And these are the States which propose to fight it out with the men, the money, and the mechanical power of the North. South Carolina herself, the wealthy one of the batch, is hard put to it to raise a loan of £BO,OOO ! With no money in their purses, and with four million of enemies in their own slaves, what could they hope from a struggle ? We in this country, perhaps, universally hope such a struggle will never be seen. The issue is not worth the cost of trial. The Northern States would be strong enough without the slave States, which indeed do the former more harm than good. As to commerce, the North would trade with the South quite as profitably separate from them as united to them. The experience of England since American independence is proof enough of that, Commerce will follow capital, energy, and skill; and nothing can force it into a healthy vigour. The United States would not be so big a nation in the world— that is all—and a matter of very little consequence indeed. Punch hits the right nail on the head once more with a swinging rap of his baton. Divorce a Vinculo —Mrs. CAROLINA asserts her right to Larrup her own Nigger ! Events would seem to threaten no*, however, that two can play at that game—and the Southerners would do well to reflect before it is too late whether the New World may not be goaded to the rousing of another and a more fortunate SPARTACITS. His Excellency the Belgian Minister and Mdme. Van de Weyer have left New Lodge on a visit to Mr. Harcourt and Frances Countess Waldegrave, at Nuneham Park, Oxon. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston will return to Cambridge House, about the 24th inst., from Broadlands. Viscountess Jocelyn's children have so far recovered as to be considered out of danger. The Earl of Bradford has during the last week greatly improved in health. The noble earl has been f r some days past out of all danger. DEATH OF COUNT MONTEMOLIN.—A private despatch announces that the Count and Countess Monte molin died at Trieste on the 14th instant within a few hours of each other. Count Montemolin was son of the Infant Don Carlos, who for many years asserted, arms in hand, his claims to the throne of Spain. He was born on the 31st of January, 1818. The countess was a princess of Naples, sister of the late King Ferdinand 11., and born on he 29th February, 1820, MISS NIGHTINGALE.—We regret to learn from undoubted authority that the report recently circulated in several journals of the gradual improvement in Miss Night ingale's health is entirely without foundation. Her malady, far from being alleviated, increases upon her, and her state, which confines her entirely to her apartment, is one of great exhaustion and severe suffering. THE DUKE OF SUTHERLAND.—We believe that there is no trnth in the announcement of the death of the Duke of Sutherland, which appeared in one of the morning papers yesterday. His grace bas been suffering from seri ous illness for some time past, but the accounts last night were not hopeless. ACCIDENT ON THE MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE RAILWAY.—On Tuesday a shocking accident occurred at Woedhead, on the above line. John Limper, the driver of the up goods train from Manchester to Lincoln, having shunted his train at Woodhead, crossed the line to the lamp-house. On returning across the down line the express train from Hull to Manchester emerged from the tunnel, and the unfortunate man was cut to pieces. The deceased was an old and steady servant, and leaves a widow and six children. THE FRENCH TREATY.—We have good reason to believe that the time originally fixed for the French treaty coming into full operation will be considerably anticipated. From circumstances which have come to our knowledge, we consider it highly probable that, within a few weeks hence, the ifoniteur will announce the Emperor's decision to give immediate effect to the stipulations of the treaty, and thereby obviate the inconveniences incident to any further suspense in the commercial intercourse of the two countries.—Manehester Examiner. A BANKING INCIDENT.—The following curious anecdote is related of M. Carvelho de Moraes, the Brazilian Minister at Brussels,' who died suddenly on New Year's Eve. In the morning of the 31st December, M. de Moraes went to his banker's and drew out a sum of 30,000 f. The banker, who was no other than the representative of the house of Rothschild, as the accounts for the year were either made up or on the point of being so, requested his client to date his cheque for the Ist January. This was done, so that the 30,000 f. were paid to M. de Morass on a cheque dated the day after his death. NEW CHURCH AT WESTMINSTER.—The new church dedicated to St. Peter, the foundation-stone of which was laid by the Earl of Derby a few months since, and to which his lordship was a munificent contributor, is rapidly progressing, and is expected to be ready for conse cration in July or August next. The new church, which is situate in Windmill-street, Haymarket—a district which stands in much need of increased facilities for religious in struction, will be a spacious and commodious structure, and a large number of the sittings will be free and unappro priated. An ecclesiastical district will be assigned to the new church out of the parish of St. James's, Westminster, and the Rev. George Smith, M.A., will be the first incumbent. RACE ON THE ICE.—An exciting race on skates took place at Harewood, for a prize given by the Earl of Harewood, on Friday last. The distance was about half a mile over the large lake in front of Harewood House, and 16 competitors started. The skating was of a very good description (there being no downfalls or any accidents), and the pace throughout was terrific. The race was won easily by Mr. W. Wright, J. Clarke second, J. Booth third, C. West fourth, the Hon. F. Lascelles fifth, and Viscount Lascelles sixth, two or three others being pretty well up, and the remainder, from the length of the course and the severe pace, being completely distanced. THE ICE ON THE RlTER.—Yesterday the Thames presented a most extraordinary appearance from the im • mense quantities of floating ice, many of the bergs being fully eight feet above the surface of the stream, and ice- fields upwards of 100 yards in length were borne by the current with great violence against the piers of the bridges, breaking to pieces with a crashing noise resembling distant thunder. ChannelE that were formed to the various wharfs, at considerable labour and expense, are again blocking up, and a number of coal-laden barges, which were towed up by steam-tugs, are frozen in by blocks of ice, some of which are above the gunwales. On the Surrey side of the river the ice is of such vast thickness that the boys for their amusement have fires alight in skeleton grates. At Westminster-bridge the frozen mass reaches from shore to shore, and below bridge, across the ice, is the ordinary route for persons going to or returning from vessels in the river. THE CATTLE TRADE.—DERBY, Jan. 15.—At to day's cattle-market there was a limited show of fat beasts, for which the demand was firm, and recent rates were well supported. Calves were scarce, and quite as dear as last week. Sheep were a moderate show, and sold steadily at previous rates. Pigs were quite as dear as last market day. Prices :—Beef, 61d. to lid. ; sheep, 7d. to Bd. ; calves, 7d. to 70. ; pigs, bid. to 6&d. per lb. THE MURDER OF TWELVE SAILORS BY SAVAGES. —The lfelbourne Herald says :—" The barque Nimrod, which arrived from Norfolk Island on Sunday, br;ngs ia tell°pence that the American whaler, High Warthie, ar rived at Norfolk Island, with Messrs. Mears, wife, and family, who had escaped from the Island Spirita Santa. From the statement which we have been able to gather it I appears that Mr. Mears was engaged, with about 50 others, in collecting sandal-wood at the island of Spirita Santa. there being also several stations in the vicinity. A great quantity of wood had been collected, when the natives set on them and murdered 12 Englishmen on one station. The men belonging to the other stations were compelled to break them up and fly for their lives, escaping to an island some distance off, and Mr. Mears, with his wife and family, also escaped to another island, where they remained more than two months before they could get a vessel to take them to Norfolk Island. The American whaler High Warthie having put in there the eaptain gave him and his wife a passage. On their arriving at Norfolk Island some difficulty arose among the settlers as to their landing, but on the captain of the High Warthie stating that he would land them on some other island a council was held, and it was agreed that they should remain until a vessel would call and enable them to reach Sydney. It appears that the settlers on Norfolk Island are, by their laws, prohibited from receiving any persons on the island. The remainder who had escaped ail) all awaiting a vessel to take them to some other place. It may be as well to men tion that the Mr. Mears spoken of is a brother to Captain Mears, formerly of this port." THE ROYAL HUMANE SOCIETY.—At a meeting of the governors of this institution, held yeeterday at their offices, Trafalgar-square—Mr. T. E. Baker, treasurer, in the chair—the following cases were brought forward by Mr. Young, the secretary, and referred by the committee to the next general court for the award of the society's silver medal: —Mr. Stephsn Court, master in the Royal Navy, for saving William Wise, an ablebodied seaman of her Majesty's ship Calcutta, at the monrh of the Peiho. It appears that the man fell from the foretopmast rigging of the vessel, struck the chains, and fell overboard insensible ; Mr. Court imme diately jumped overboard, and, at the imminent risk of his own life, succeeded in rescuing him. This is the second occasion on which Mr. Court has been instrumental in saving life from drowning, having while second master on board the Enterprise, under the command of Sir J. Ross, saved a man who accidentally fell overboard while at sea; Mr. Alexander Gollan, vice-consul at Pernambuco, for saving Mr. Johnston, who b3came exhausted while crossing the river Jaboalao, Pernambuco, South America, on the Ist Nov., 1859. The society's bronze medal was awarded in the two following cases :—To,Charles A. Douglas, able bodied seaman of H.M.S. Edinburgh, for saving Ebenezer Horn, one of the carpenter's crew of the same vessel, who fell overboard on Christmas 'day last in the Firth of Forth, Scotland, the thermometer at the time being four degrees below zero ; and to James Harrison, boatman, for saving George Moreton, a farmer, who accidentally fell into the river Weaver, Norwich, Cheshire, on the 6th of Dec. last. Pecuniary rewards were granted in two other cases. A legacy of £lOO bequeathed by Mr. J. Bowerbank, was re ported to the court. It was stated that up to the sth inst. 140 persons had been immersed in the various parks of the metropolis during the recent severe weather, the whole of whom were rescued by the society's icemen, besides nume rous cases of cuts and bruises, which received atten tion at the different marquees and tents. The estimated number of skaters and sliders who have visited the ice in the different parks since the com mencement of .the frost is upwards of half a million, as reported by the society's officers. After the transaction of some further business of a mere formal character, the pro ceedings terminated with the usual compliment to the chair man. THE BOILER EXPLOSION NEAR MALTON.—On Monday the adjourned inquest was held at Langton. Mr. George Whitehouse, engineer, of York, stated in evidence that he had made an examination of the engine, and had found it in good working order. Witness was of opinion that the cause of the explosion was owing to the weakness of the plate next the smoke-box, which had burst. The jury returned as their verdict that Henry Moring and Leonard Saggitt, the two deceased, were accidentally killed by the explosion of the boiler of a steam threshing machine. SINGULAR AND FATAL ACCIDENT.—An inquest was held at the Crown Inn, Bridge-street, Banbury, on Friday last, before T. Pain, Esq., borough coroner, upon the body of Ann Scrivens, aged 16 years, who came by her death through accidentally falling into a well the same morn ing. Mrs. Wakelin, the principal witness, and with whom the unfortunate girl had been living for about two months, said she ordered the deceased to light a fire in the kitchen about 9 o'clock in the morning, in doing which she would have to pass through the coal house. She had lit the fire, and was about supplying it with fuel, when it appeared the floor gave way. Mr. Wakelin sent her little girl for some coals for the house fire, and she returned, saying that there was a large hole in the kitchen floor, into which it ap peared the girl had fallen, and which afterwards turned out to be a well, 17 feet deep. Mrs. Wakelin then went for her husband—a distance of at least 150 yards—who was soon on the spot, and succeeded in bringing her from the bottom of the well ; but life was quite extinct, the deceased having been under water, with a large portion of earth upon her body, for nearly twenty minutes, It is a singular fact that the parties had resided in the house for a period of five years without knowing there was a well on the premises. A verdict of " Accidentally drowned" was pgAried, A- E j rr N \,‘,/ s :J k • (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) PARIS, THURSDAY MORNING. The Moniteur publishes a decree abolishing the surtax of 3f. per 100 kilogrammes on foreign sugars imported in French vessels from countries out of Europe. The Noniteur also says : " The object in sending the French fleet to Gaeta was to give a mark of sympathy to a Prince cruelly tried by destiny. The Emperor, faithful to the principle of non-intervention, never intended to take any active part in the conflict at that place. In prolonging this demonstration he would change its character, and would give encouragement and material support to the resistance of the King. It therefore 'became necessary to cause the cessation of this state of things. We could not indefinitely remain present at 'it conflict which could only lead to a greater effusion of blood. By the advice given by France to the belligerents hostilities are sus pended until the 19th instant, and Admiral Barbier de Tinau will leave Gaeta to-day." ROME (via TURIN) JAN. 13. General Goyon has demanded explanations from the Papal Government as to the object of the movement of Papal troops towards the Neapolitan frontiers. Mgr. Merode has refused to give any reply. General Goyoi has, in consequence, referred to his Government on the subject. ROME, JAN. 15. The Diplomatic Corps and the Papal Nuncio left this morning for Gaeta to congratulate King Francis 11. on the occasion of his birthday. NAPLES, JAN. 14. Prince Carignan has issued a proclamation, in which he says, " I have come among you to hasten the work of unification, and to maintain public order. The Government will respect the Church and its Ministers, provided the clergy obey the King, the statutes, and the laws." The Prince promises administrative reforms, and concludes by expressing the hope that Gaeta will shortly fall, and that the Neapolitan provinces will be ready to make any sacrifice for the unity of Italy. LISBON, JAN. 16. The steamer Estramadura, of the Alessageries Imperiales, has arrived here from the Brazils. Exchange on London at Rio was quoted 27 to 261 ; Hamburg, 685. Coffee was quiet at 5,300 to 5,500 reis per arroba. Stock, 100,000 bags. PRUSSIA. THE KING'S SPEECH. We have received the full text of the King of Prussia's speech to the Chambers on the 14th inst., a telegraphic summary of which has already ap peared in our columns : " Most noble and honoured Gentlemen of both Houses of Diet— " With deep emotion I bid you welcome. The hopes and wishes which I expressed to you from this place have not, by God's impenetrable decrees, been fulfilled. With me and my house you have to deplore the loss of the King, who after severe suffering has been taken away from us. What the Government of my brother his Majesty the late King, uow reposing in God, did for Prussia, how much the country is indebted to his magna nimous sway, I need not point out to the represen tatives of the Prussian people, who were installed during his lifetime. " King Frederick William IV. has departed in serious times. I have a heavy task on hand. With the gracious blessing of God I hope to perform it successfully. You will stand firmly by my side. The country stands in need of enlightened advice and disinterested sacrifice. " Having declared, in the presence of the leading Princes of the German Diet, that the first object of my German—of my European policy—should be to maintain the integrity of the German Con federation, it became necessary, with the means you voted, to increase the strength of our army in such guise that not only were the troops in creased in number, but the new organization pro vided them with every guarantee of stability and confidence. The measures taken to effect this object come within the legal enactments of our army organization. From the measures that will be proposed to you, you will find that retrench ments will be made for next year, which will be a guarantee to you that only what is indispensably necessary for the efficiency of the army will be asked. Prussia has abundant resources at her command to maintain her army on a footing to command respect. The actual state of affairs in Germany and in Europe will induce the Prussian Parliament not to be behindhand in keeping up what has already been done, and developing it ; it will not refuse its sanction to measures on which depends the safety of Prussia and of Germany. " Despite the pressure of political circumstances we may look with satisfaction on the state of our finances. It is to be hoped that the charges which fell upon the past year will be completely covered by the receipts of the present one. The surplus of 1859 may then be added to the Treasury. After alluding to local measures of taxation, the King continued : " The commerce of the country, if not restored to that activity which preceded the financial and political crisis of the last few years, nevertheless shows increased vitality. Its development in all its branches has never ceased to be one of the chief objects of my Government. A further extension of the network of our railways has been resolved. The abolition of transit dues and a notable diminution of the Rhine dues has been agreed upon between the respective Governments. "My Government is on the point of opening negotiations with the Imperial French Government for regulating, by treaty, the commercial relations between the Zollverein and France. " The reform of the Marriage Law will, as I al- ready informed you at the close of last session, again be brought before you. I confidently look forward to a solution of that question. " Many other important measures will be laid before you by my Government. " In.the course of last year I had the opportunity, by personal interview with different Monarchs, of placing our relations with them on a more satisfac tory footing than ever, and these are guarantees for the maintenance of the peace of Europe. " Actuated by the grave position of affairs in Europe, my Government is anxiously endea vouring to effect a revision of the organisation of the army of the Confederation, as imperiously commanded by the increased military wants of the present day. I confidently look forward to an ulti mate satisfactory result, as all German Governments and all German races acknowledge united action to be the most pressing necessity of the common Fatherland. " In the electorate of Hesse a contention still exists which my well-meant and moderate counsels have not succeeded in allaying. The endeavours of my Government are indefatigably exerted to see the legal state of things restored. " To my sorrow, the steps which Prussia, in con cert with the other German Federal States, has taken for years to procure for the German duchies under the rule of the King of Denmark the enjoy ment of a constitutional existence responding to their rights have not been attended with any result. With her German confederates, Prussia acknowledge it to be a national duty now at last to bring about a proper solution of this question. " My Government has commenced in serious times; whatever may be •in store for us, I shall adhere to the principles under which I undertook the Regency. The experience I have acquired in applying them has only tended to strengthen my belief in their value. Resolved to strengthen the efficiency of our institutions and of our laws, to develope the national interests of Prussia and of Germany with earnestness and purpose, I see in the stedfast adherence to this system the surest gua rantee agaii.6t the spirit of revolution which is loose in Europe. I am confident that Prussia under my rule will be true to herself. I trust that Prussia, with the counsel of her representatives, as in the acts of her people, will prove that she does not intend to remain behind the glory of her forefathers in unity and strength. I am confident that in good times as in bad times the country will stand by me with unshaken fidelity. " When I undertook the Regency I promised to exercise the power intrusted to me by the Almighty according to the Constitution and laws of the king dom. Referring to that vow, I call upon you to swear to me that fidelity which you swore and kept to my brother. " You will then swear unto me, before the Almighty God, a solemn oath that you will be loyal and true to me, and that you will stand by me in carrying out my rights and my duties with heart and hand." ~ N . ..":(, : .1. ' .„. ..... k-t - -s, , _ ... , ....,- 13,-.. . • -i. Ape; • awn • . • „...kft„,..., . 40k110,106150,- q y N 1 .7 : -ni. ---- .4, 7,41.: - • c-- - THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY, JAN. 17, 186 FRANCE. It was reported that the Austrian note to Count Cavour, making beforehand the Sardinian Govern ment responsible for the attacks that may be made by Garibaldi or others against Austria, is rather an energetic communication addressed to the French Government, to be referred to that of Victor Emmanuel. It is said that the Russian Government has sent a circular to its Ministers abroad, to be communi cat'd to the Courts to which they are accredited, remonstrating, if not protesting, against the war like projects attributed to the German Governments relative to the designs of Prussia on Denmark. It shows that the state of Southern Europe is suffi ciently complicated without exciting any more difficulties in the North. BOURSE, Jan. 16.—The market has been rather more buoyant, and prices show an improvement on the closing rates of yesterday. For the Account, Threes are now at 67f 20c; Mobilier, 647 f 50c; Orleans, 1,362 f 50c ; Northern, 950 f ; Mediter ranean, 893 f 75c; Austrian, 465 f 75c; Lombard, 460 f. The following were the last quotations :- 41 per per Cents ... 96 90 Credit Foicier Do ead month.... 96 701 Belgian 4f 9B 50 3 per Cents Do. end month 67 35 Roman Bank Shares 2885 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 662 50 Spanish Threes — Do. Account 660 —lHome Debt .. 47 25 RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 136.5 .. 1372 50 Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 900 898 75 Geneva 367 50 .. 370 Southern 503 .. 505 Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian .. 465 470 Lon , bard GAETA. A private letter from Gaeta of the 9th, after mentioning what the telegraph has already informed us of—that the fire had ceased—adds that it was quite time, for if the shells continued to fall as they did the two days previous, the 7th and Bth, the town would soon be a mass of ruins. On the Bth there could not have been less than many hundreds of projectiles thrown into the town, causing de struction among the houses, and much loss of life. The Queen was forced to quit her residence, which was injured by the shells. Her Majesty took refuge on board of a Spanish ship. The King, with his brothers, the Counts Trani and Caserta, remained in the town, but lodged in casemates which are bomb proof. They visited, from time to time, the guns which answered the fire of the besiegers, who have opened seven batteries, from which they have poured a continuous fire. The fire of the besieged told with effect, though, of course, not so much as the be sieging batteries, which have for aim a whole city. The Cavilla guns have done good work ; but the besieged have also several rifled guns in battery of which two or three are of large calibre. Excepting the damage done to the houses, it was thought that the besiegea coutta stilt hold out a long time, since on the sea side the walls are very strong, and covered with guns. Gaeta has received supplies for more than six months, though the garrison is said to consist of 12,000 men, the greater number being foreigners. Perhaps it will, be found that the garrison is too crowded, but it was thought best not to reduce the number of those who still remained faithful to Francis 11. General Bosco commands the troops. TEE ARRIVAL OF PRINCE ALFRED AT I'LY MOurir. PLYMOUTH, JAN. 10, 12.40 P.M. At 11 o'clock this morning his Royal Highness embarked in the Admiralty barge and proceeded to Mount Edgcumbe, the demesne of the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, where he partook of luncheon. His Royal Highness is expected to proceed on board the St. George early this afternoon, and will probably sail for the North American station immediately after. The Avon, steam-tug, has her steam up, and is in readiness to convey the Prince on board. The wind easterly, blowing strong, but is fair for the departure. His Royal Highness was last night the guest of Admiral Sir Houston Stewart, K.C.8., the commander-in-chief of the port. The dinner party last night consisted of Prince Alfred, the Earl and Countess of Morley and Miss Coryton, Lord and Lady Frederick Kerr, Admiral Sir Thomas Sabine Pasley, superintendent of the dockyard, and Lady Pasley ; General Hutchinson, the commander-in-chief of the western district ; Hon. Captain F. Egerton, of the St. George ; Hon. Col. Byng ; Major Cowell, who came with the Prince ; Capt. A. C. Key, R.N. ; Lieut. Miller, the flag lieutenant ; Mr. and Mrs. Jones, and Miss Montgomerie Cunningham. PLYMOUTH, WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON. Prince Alfred embarked about 2 o'clock this afternoon on board the St. George, which left at 4 p.m. under sail and steam for her destination. THE FRENCH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, The first sitting of the year was, as usual, de voted to the renovation of the Board and other matters of routine. Mr. Milne Edwards succeeded M. Chasles as President for the year 1861, and M. Duhamel was elected Vice-President.—M. Bonna font sent a paper on the foot-lights of theatres, and other matters relating to their construction. The competition opened by Government, he observes, for a new Opera house, invests the subject with pecu liar interest ; and it is therefore essential to take the following circumstances into account :-1. That the foot-lights, in their present position, are extremely hurtful both to the eyes and voice of the actors, and especially in the case of singers. 2, That the communications existing between the stage and lower storey by means of trap-doors, cause draughts of cold air which are highly pre judicial to the actors. 3. That it would be highly advantageous both to the actors and to the public, if the foot-lights were replaced by a system of illumination from above, invisible to the public, and exercising no noxious influence over the per formers. Dr. Demarquay communicated some remarks on subperiosteal sections. We have several times had occasion to mention the surprising results obtained by M. Flourens, Dr. Allier, and Dr. Blandin from the power of reproducing osseous matter which resides in the periosteum, or mem brane enveloping bone in the animal system. Dr. Demarquay in his paper mentions two remarkable operations of his own ; one, the extraction of a lower jaw-b'ine, followed by the reproduction of another at the end of 11 months by means of the periosteum ; and the second the reproduction of the fibula, or small bone of the leg, through the same agency. M. Bernard sent in a description of a contrivance of his, by which he raises water through the agency of wind. The idea is not a new one, and we have ourselves seen a windmill which, while it ground its modicum of corn, at the same time worked a pump, by which water w as raised to a cistern above ; this water-serving, wh en there was no wind, to drive the mill by its fall. But it often happened that the supply of water was short owing to the wind's not having been strong enough ; and it is this inconvenience which M. Bernard professes to have removed. GOVERNMENT EMIGRATION. Her Majesty's Emigration Commissioners have given notice of their in tention to receive tenders on Monday next, the 21st inst., for a ship to proceed to Algoa Bay, Cape of Good Hope, to carry not exceeding 200 statute adults, to be ready for the recePtiN of her passengers oh the 12th of March. 7HE NAVY. A letter, dated Valetta, Jan. 11, says :—" Her Majesty's steam surveying ship Medina, Captain T. Spratt, C. 8., arrived yesterday moiling from Can dia. She left Gerapetra at 7 o'clock on the evening of the 6th inst., after taking on board two sarco phagi, destined for the British Museum, one weigh ing about 71 tons and the other about 4 tons; they are to be sent home by the first opportunity. The Medina left the Scourge at Suda Bay, where she was expected to remain until the 22d of January, when she would most likely proceed to Malta. A Turkish squadron, consisting of five vessels, the largest being a frigate of 50 guns, and also a French steam brig, the Sentinelle, w ere likewise in Suda Bay when the Medina left. The Medina has been absent from Malta for about seven months, during which time she has completed the survey of the Archipelago, besides being a month at Rhodes for the protection of the Christians in that island, an outbreak of the Moslem population being then ap prehended, but which fortunately, and most pro bably owing to the presence of the British flag, did not take place. Her Majesty's steam surveying vessel Firefly, Commander A. L. Mansell, was at Alexandria by last accounts ; her surveying officers had proceeded across the Isthmus to the Red Sea, for the purpose of selecting the best sites for the lighthouses about to be erected at the expense of the Viceroy in the neighbourhood of Suez. She is expected to return to Malta to refit about the end of the month. Her Majesty's despatch boat Camden has been docked, and will proceed home in a few' days, touching at Tunis on her way. Her Majesty's - - line-of-battle ships Renown and Agamemnon ra turned from Naples and Palermo on the 9th inst., and the gunboat Assurance left the preceding day for Corfu, with a mail." The whole of the docks at Chatham being likely to be occupied for some time to come, order; have been received for the newly-launched screw frigate Undaunted, 51, to be towed round to the Thames this week, mid placed in the Victoria Docks, where she will be fitted with her engines, of 600 horse-power, by the contractors, Messrs. Ravenhill, Salkeld, and Co. The Trincomalee, 24, Commander T. Heard, is completely fitted at Chatham for the Naval Reserve at Sunderland. She is still some hands short of her complement, and a notice is posted at the dock yard gates that seamen pensioners are required for her. The Isis, 44, sailing frigate, in the second dock at Chatham, is nearly ready to be rigged, the tops having been got over her masts. She is expected to be ready to be undocked in the course of next month. The Megcora, screw troopship, Commander Hen derson, left Portsmouth yesterday at noon for Woolwich, to embark troops, &c. The Barracouta, 6, paddle, Commander W. Wood, sailed from SpithQad at 2 30 p.m. on Tuesday, for the West Indies. The Princess Royal, 91, screw, in the first-class Steam Reserve at Portsmouth, is ordered to be fitted as a flagship, and to be held ready for imme diate commission. The screw steam corvette Satellite, 21, Capt. I. C. Prevost, went yesterday from Plymouth Sound into Hamoaze. After she got under way the cus tomary salute was fired in compliment to the Port Admiral, and acknowledged by the flagship Im pregnable, 104, in Hamoaze. This ceremony was not performed when the corvette arrived from the Pacific on Sunday, in consequence of the sickness of an officer on board. Intelligence has been received at Chatham dock yard by Capt. Goldsmith, C. 8., that the Admiralty transport Aid, Mr. Grundy, master commander, which sailed from Chatham a few days since with a valuable cargo for Devonport and Pembroke, was on shore in the neighbourhood of Beachy Head; the paddle-wheel steamer Adder, Mr. Minchin, second master, got up steam immediately and proceeded yesterday to her assistance. The following appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty :—Martin J. Dunlop, mate, to the Narcissus ; Adolphus Fitz George, naval cadet, to the Narcissus ; Thomas Anderson, chief engineer, to the Indus, for charge of the Royal Albert; Richard E. Denison, second class assist.-eneineer. (.. ale I.a w. 3, L,liaL ge or the machinery of the Porpoise; Edward L. Williams, third class assist.- engineer, to the Indus, as supernumerary for hos pital treatment ; John W. Bishton, third class assist.-engineer, to the Spiteful; William Moore, acting third class assist.• engineer, to the Cumber land, for service in the Adder; and Edward Foster, paymaster, to be secretary to Rear - Admiral Talbot. THE ARMY. The annual destribution of the rewards for excel lence in rifle shooting has been made to the non commissioned officers and men belonging to the several regiments attached to three battalions at Chatham garrison, at a full parade of each. Each of the successful competitors, numbering upwards of 20 in each battalion, was highly complimented by the commanding officers for the exertions used to obtain the rewards, which carry with them a dis tinguishing badge as well as an increase of pay, according to the regulations under that head. '1 he strength of the garrison at the camp at Col chester at the commencement of the present month was 62 officers, 12 staff sergeants, and 2,316 non commissioned officers and privates. THE FRENCH OCCUPATION OF 1t0.31E. Some of the Paris journals having lately insisted on the expediency of withdrawing the French troops from Rome, so that no further difficulty might arise, from their occupation, to that city becoming at once the capital of Italy, the Monde gives the following curious answer to such obser tions opinion h ' of f A t l ct u iht c ayht whichi s st h i ttol the Rome d oßam b no e edm a t in a t ke s n a enjoys ni on t w ht Catholicahi away egam f y r nt m Dad su— t ro h i fdn e p h ar i nti high opinion which Rome enjoys in the minds of many. exile of the Popes at Avignon its population fell to fifteen thousand inhabitants, and grass grew in its streets. When Italy belonged to France, fifty years ago, Rome was but the chief town of a department ; the only capitals then were Milan, Naples, and Florence. The political prestige of Pagan Rome only remains in the heads of legists imbued with Cwsarism, and in those of their successors, who now propose to us to send the Pope to the Catacombs. If popular reminiscences existed, they would be of the oppression of Italy by Rom e , of the devastation and extermination of that penin sula by the conquerors of the world. Rome was never the capital of Italy, neither before the Ro mans, nor under the Romans, nor since the Romans. It is badly situated, is in the midst of a desert, and is of no strategical importance. It was the capital of the world, because it was inhabited by the Roman people, and because the Roman people would have been the masters of the world m whatever place they might have resided. Deprived of its Pontiff, Rome would fall to the rank of an ordinary town, and even beneath an ordinary town, since it has neither manufacturers nor trade. It would be a mistake to suppose that the former subjects of Rome would like again to submit to the yoke. There are two populations in Italy ; the Christian people, who laugh at ancient Rome, who do not know it, and who desire to keep their political capital and their religious capital; and next, the classical and lettered people, who are brought up in imbecile admiration of antiquity, the people of conspiracies and secret societies, the people of advocates and journalists. The latter people bow down before the prestige of ancient Rome ; they endeavour assemble at Rome and to concentrate their power there, because from that place it can be extended over all Italy subjected and expropriated. The socialism of the Roman law would ari se w ith f u ll vigour frDin its ashes, which are alway s k ep t warm by the pious hands of Legists. And we should have a second edition of the Coesarisin of former times, and of the French Revolution of the present. That this plan would be useful to Italy has not been demonstrated, and the late ri s i ng i n a ll S ou thern Italy is a protest against it." FATAL ACCIDENT, —An inquest was held yester day, at the Castle Inn, Woolwich, before Mr. Carttar, coro ner for West Kent, on the body of Frederick Baldwin, a labourer, employed on the metropolitan main sewer works It appeared that death resulted from the deceased having fallen down a deep shaft, which has been sunk at Powis street, Woolwich, for the purpose of tunnelling. Verdict — Accidental death, if OA Aba from t The steam( decline realise The Indies silver. No Money at p re , In 1 large 1 full pri At a J. V. directc gave tl half-yc 'siding re bate posal, divide] £4,000 amoun. remark The stock I at the 1 It was ' , wirer trade, • that su those e The have xi( count t A sir in the : very lit values and 91 very fe New New 3 to ss. d 221 ; d Enface In t of a lin Pressed New I Cents. 851. the 3-1 The proved Prem.; and Pz The to this In i rent. Weste Indian to 971 Joie Coloni Count In Work Etea rt 10 an, Bra s il ,Ditt uasi pit Dit Turin; Dit Dit