The Sun. — London, England, 1861-05-30 00:00:00

BUILDING GROUND.—CITY of LONDON. — TO BE LET, on a Building Lease, for 80 years, a Piece of GROUND, on the north side of Queenhithe Dock, in the City of London. Plans of the Ground may he seen, and further particulars obtained, upon application at the Archi tect's Office, Guildhall. FERDINAND BRAND, Comptroller. GREAT • WESTERN RAILWAY. CHEAP EXCURSION t 3 the WEST of ENGLAND, offering facilities for visiting the BATH and WEST of ENG LAND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY'S SHOW at TRURO, on the 3d, 4th, sth, 6th, and 7th of June. On FRIDAY. the 31st of May, an Excursion Train will leave PADDINGTON at 8 a.m., and Reading at 9 a.m., for Wes ton-super-mare, Highbridge, Bridgewater, Taunton, Tiver ton, EXETER. Barnstaple, Bideford, Starcro , s, Dawlish, Teignmouth, Newton, Torquay, Paignton, Rrixham-road, Totness, King,sbridg,e-road, Plymouth. TRURO, Penzance , and other staions on the Cornwall Railway, retuing from Plymouth on t ‘londay, the 10th of June.—For full particu lars, see handbills. G REAT WESTERN RAILW AY. HUNGERFORD RACES. On THURSDAY and WRIDAY, the 6th and 7th of June, an Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 8.0 a.m. for HUNGERFORD, calling at intermediate stations, and re turning each day from Hungerford at 7.0 p.m. Fares there and back, 6s. 6d. Ist class ; 45. covered carriages. Tickets only available on the day of issue. Ordinary Trains to Hungerford leave Paddington at 6 a.m., 8.30 a.m. (3d class), 9.20 a.m., 11.45 a.m., 3p.m., and 5.15 p.m. Fp-trains from Hungerford 6.10 a.m., 8.40 a.m., 11.30 a.m., 2.40. p.m., and 6.35 p.m. SCINDE RAILWA FLOTILLA. COMPANY.-INDUS STEAM -• • • - • The Directors are prepared to receive applications for DE BENTURES at par, In sums of not les. than £lOO, for the un,appropriated portion of the £83,0 0 Debentures about to be issued for the purposes of the Indus Steam Flotilla, bearing interest at 5 per cent. for five years, renewable for a second period of five years, and payable by coupon at the Banking house of Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smiths, No. 1, Lombard street. The bonds will be dated on the Ist of May, NI., and will bear interest at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum from that date on all monies paid on or before the 30th June, 1861. The payment of the principal and interest is guaranteed by the Secretary of State for India in Council, as will appear on the face of the Bonds. The Debentures are convertible into Indus Steam Flotilla Stock at par, at the option of the holder. • Forms of application may be obtained at the offices of the Company. By order of the Board, THOMAS BURNELL, Sec. Scinde Railway Offices, Gresham-house, Old Broad-street, May 25, 1861. RESTAURANT and CAFE DE L'EUROPE, 9 and 10, HAYMARKET, adjoining the Theatre Joints in succession, from four o'clock 2e. Od. Soup and Joint - 2s. ca. Severn Salmon, or other Fish and Joint The Cafe Dinner of Soup, Fish Entrée, and Sweets....3s. 6d. On the Oaks Day a Haunch of Venison at 7 o'clock. Sup pers after the Theatres. rr HE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL FETES _IL at the NEW GARDEN, SOUTH KENSINGTON, W. The GRAND FLOWER and FRUIT SHOW, on JUNE 5. Admission JUNE 6 The GRAND ROSE SHOW, JULY 10 ss. Od. The GRAND DAHLIA SHOW, SEPTEMBER 11 2s. 6d. The GRAND FRUIT and CHRYSANTHEMUM _ SHOW, NOVEMBER NOVEMBER 7 " Is. Od. Fellows, Ivory Tickets, and persons registered under the Debenture Agreement, Free. Doors open each day at 1 o'clock. Tickets may be had at the Gardens, South Kensington ; Messrs. Addison and Co.'s, 210, Regent-street : Messrs. Leader and Cocks. 63, New Bond-street; Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library. 33, Old Bond-street: Mr. R. W. Olivier, 19, Old Bond-street: Mr. Sams's, 1, St. James's-stree , ; Mr. Wespr ton's Library, Knightsbridge ; Keith, Browse, and Co.'s, 48, Cheapside ; and Vacher and Sons, Parliament-street. Tickets sold on Days of Shows will be charged 2s. 6d. extra. All the Shows will be held under Roofed Buildings. After the opening, on June 5, Bands will play on Wednes days and Saturdays, in June and July. As the Works in the Garden are still in proa - ress, the COWL dI have decided that the right of entry to these Promenades must, for the pre=ent Season, be limited to Fellows, who (except on Fete Days) may personally introduce two Friends, the holders of Ivory Tickets, who may introduce two Friends, and to those persons whose names are registered under the Debenture Agreement; and on Saturdays after 1 o'clock, by Tickets, price 29. 6d. *** Ballots for Election of Fellows will take place on the 24th and 31st of May. By Order of Council. AND. MURRAY. MR. W. S. WOODIN'S NEW ENTERTAIN MENT, the CABINET of CURIOSITIES, POLY GRAPHIC HALL. King Wil lam-street, Charing-cross, TO-NIGHT, and EVERY EVENING (except Saturday), at Eight. Private boxes, £1 is. ; Stalls and box stalls, Is. ; area, 28. ; amphitheatre, ls. -A plan of the stalls may be seen, and seats secured (without extra charge), at the Box office, from 10 till 4 Morning Performance, Saturday, May 11. RGYLL ROOMS. - GRAND MUSICAL ENTETAINET, with the Celebrated BAND, Forty in number (established eleven years), chosen from the Philharmonic Concerts, Royal Italian Operas, and the Household Troops. Conducted by Mons. Lamotte. Cornet-a-piston, M. Boulcourt.—Dancing at Nine o'clock.-Is. admission. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, High Holborn. Open every evening at 8 o'clock. — This popular and magnificently appointed Ball Room, de cidedly the most fashionable and best conducted entertain ment in she world. The very excellent band, under the able direction of Mr. Packer. is constantly introducing the choicest and latest music of the day. The wines supplied are of the very choicest quality. The refreshment rooms are elegant in the extreme, and replete with every comfort. Admission throughout, ls. EVANS'S MUSIC and SUPPER ROOMS.— Gentlemen meet as liFnal every evening. Mackney as ever—Sydney's admirable New Song—The Lee Family's elegant Performances superior to anything vet st - en. Four part Songs, Glees, Madrigals, and Cla , sio Focal Music form the main element of the entertainment. "Play-goers sup at Evans's to glees extremely well sung."—Athenmum. ROYAL NATIONAL LIFEBOAT INSTITU TION.—The AID of the public is earnestly solicited to enable the Institution to continue the maintenance of its 108 Lifeboat Establishments in a state of efficiency. Bankers—Messrs. Willis and Co., Contts and Co., Berries and Co. Secretary—Mr. Richard Lewis, 14, John-street, Adelphl. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road. Patron—Her Majesty the QUEEN. President—His Grace the Duke of Buecleuch, K.G. Treasurer—Edward Masterman, Esq. This Hospital relieves distress in its most helpless shape, that of disease aggravated by destitution. With more ade quate funds the Weekly Board could make immediately avail able 500 beds for the relief of the large mass of suffering in this metropolis. Its present resources, supplied entirely by the Voluntary Contributions of the Public. enable it to afford, in addition to its In-patients, effective Medical Assistance to an average exceeding 2,000 Out-patients weekly. Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward Mas terman, Esq., Nicholas-lane ; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond and Co. ; Herries and Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison and Co. ; Williams, Deacon, and Co.;• Overend, Gurney, and Co.; blisbefand Co., Berners-street ; Masterman and Co. ; and at the Hospital. J. B. OWEN, M.A„ Chairman of the Weekly Board. THE VIGOUR OF YOUTH RESTORED IN FOUR WEEKS by Dr. RTCORD'S ESSENCE OF LIFE. NO CONSULTATION NECESSARY. This wonderful agent will restore manhood to the most shattered constitution, whether arising* from self-pollution, excesses, nocturnal emissions, the effects of climate, or natu ral Causes. The time required to cure the most inveterate case is four weeks ; and, if used according to the printed in structions (which are very simple), failure is impossible. This life-restoring remedy should be taken by ail about to litany, as its effects are permanent. It is acknowledged by the medical press to be the greatest discovery ever made. Success in every case is as certain as that water quenches thirst Dr. Rhord's Essence of Life is sold in cases, with full in structions for use, at 11s., or four quantities in one for 335., and may be sent to any part of the world, carefully packed on receipt of remittance or stamps. Dr. Rioord's Sole Ascent in London is Prout, Patent Medi cine Warehouse, 229, Strand (five doors west of Temple-bar). (Entered at Stationers' Hall.) THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MANHOOD. Just published, the Twenty-fifth Thousand, SELF-TREATMENT SIMPLIFIED.' Spermatorrhcea, or local weakness, nocturnal • i impotgeneral and nervous debility, premature decay of the em system, ency, &c., cured by impotency, and impediments t LOCAL MEANS, without poisonousodrugs or other ques tionable so-called remedies, which havehitherto proved abortive, although generally used by the gsh faculty : The important fact that the many alarming originating in imprudence and excess, may be easily removed without medicine is clearly demonstrated, and the y given,rely new and highly snccessful treatment, as adopted, full by means of which every one is enabled to cure himself pri vately and at the least possible cost. Sent to any address post free on receipt of six stamps by Dr. Watson, U.S., F.R.A.S. ; Member of the Medical Society, Rouen ; National Academy of Sciences, Paris ; Fellow of the Imperial Institute of France, &c. &c., 27, Alfred-place, Bedford-square, London. Consultations daily on all those ailments peculiar to youth, manhood, and old age, which tend to embitter and shorten life. Persons unable to visit town may have a printed form of questions to fill up, which will supersede, in the majority of cases, a personal interview. Prepaid letters promptly answered. "The temporary relief obtained by' means of purgative medicines is purchased at the high price of the aggravation nd 1 the perpetuating the disease."—HENßY, M.D. NO MORE PILLS OR ANY OTHER PHYSIC FOR CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION (DYSPEPSIA), PALPI TATION, NERVOUS, BILIOUS, AND LIVER COMPLAINTS, DEBILITY, DROPSY, EPILEPSY, PARALYSIS, COUGH, ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION, BRONCHITIS, SORE THROAT, FEVERS fIU BARRY'S delicious HEALTH RESTOR ING;eie REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which, at a lire: without day, saves fifty times its cost in Medicine, and purging or any of the uncertainties, annoy noes, and ruinous " expenses incurred oil, or visit s to M.D., climates. by medicine, cod liver Certificate drew Ure, .DN 3 ~ / ,,ii . 2. — W e find it the safest remedy, An land ; Dr. Cam pbe ll S. ; Dr. Harvey; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Shor- We extract a few out of 56 Om r 49 SBt,u,,.aqs,de_ Defies of many years' Cure No. 1,771 . Lo d ' m eal: — dyspepsia. Cure No. agony from dyspepsia, nervousne ss,"''iatty yea ** indiscribable sickness , thma, cough, constipa tion, flatulency, sp asms, of Lynn, Norfolk. Cure No.s7,l2l.MTas°tsh ting, Maria Joly, Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, and nervous fancies. Cure No. 54,876. Rectory, near Pakenha The R e v. low spirits, v. James T. Campbell, Syderstonep lndigesti'm and liver complaints. Cure No. 56,8 1r 4 , , t0rf 5 01k of Laxtou ,Leicester, of two years' diarrhoea. Cure . So. 18 a 07171 e r l . W. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street, London, of 25 years' nervous ness, ecnstipation, indigestion, and debility. Cure No. 4,028; Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debili ty with cramps, spasms, and nausea, Rev. John W. Flavel, Ridlington Rec tory, Norfolk. Cure No. 3,906. Thirteen years, cough, indi- Pestion, and general debility , Jam es Porter, Athol-street, erth. Cure No. 58,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liverpool, of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness. Similar testimonials from 56,000 patients who can be re _ ferred to. , 45. 6cl 121 b The Food is sold in canisters, lib. 26. 9d., 21b, ~ • 1125., 241 b. 40s. ; super-refined quality, 51b. 225, 101 b. 335. The 101 b., 121 b.; and 241 b. canisters carriage free on receipt ot Post-o ffi ce order by Barry Du Barry and CO. , 77, Regent atraet. London ; Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly; London ; Abbis, 60, Graoecburch-street; 4, Cheapside ; 6 3 and 158, Oxford-street; 330 and 452, Strand; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate-street ; Batty,l6, Finsbury-Rxement ; Phillips and t;o.. tea dealers ; Petty, Wood, and Co. King Willirn treet, City, and 1 11 7, MO) Er olbQrgli and ad gr"er6' t, GREAT MARLBOR(,UGH-STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON. DR. CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo hecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as , hove, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements d both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive :indul enoeB Has Just published, price is. ; by post, 12 stamps, 18 sealed, No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled OURSELVES. and Cure. eneration T SY h n e op O s r i i s gin : Th o e f ? D h i y s s e i a o s l e o — U Sym and pt A om na s t , o T ni r y ea o t f m o e ur nt? Also, an Exposition of. and Remedy for, all Urinavy Derange ments and Marital Disqualifications, MALE. The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennorrhagia Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhcea, Impotency, and all Diseases of the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &c. FEMALE. The Physiolog'y and Anatomy of Women—Functional Ir regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage— Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and limmoval of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta tion—Use of the Speculum. Also, HAPPINESS,ALTII I4ervousne No. 1. and LONGEVITY; On Deb ilit y , RE Dyspepsia, and Indigestion, No. 2. Happiness, and Disappointments ; Love LOVE AND MARRIAGE • IhndelorthOebrliMgaattclohneek Ster il ity Removed, and Healthy Oif wring seoured., No. a. THE CASE BOOK: 100 Cases of SPERMATORRME, Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, .to. To be bad of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors. Advice to the Working Classes tee Half-a -Guinea: (SPECIAL NOTICE.) Dr. Culverwell is the only legally qualified medical practi tioner living of that name, and can be consulted (only as above). DR. CURTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD: ATEDICAL ESSAY ON SPERMATORRFRE NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE DEBILITY, &c. Just Published, the 150th thousand, with numerous plates, in a sealed envelope, price is., Sold by all Booksellers, and sent post paid, by the Author, forl2 stamps, MANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of PRE MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions for Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L. Clams, 15, Albermarle-street, Piccadilly, London. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological Structure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs. CHAPTER ll—Causes of Spermatorrhma and Impotence; Early Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect. CHAPTER Review of the various Disqualifications A Ilarrial.e ; whether rcsulting from Youthful Abuse, the Follies of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or Infection. CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of Gonorrhea and Syphilis. The Book concludes with numerous varied and interesting cases, to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive Lotion. REVIEWS OF THE WORK. "Curtis on Manhood.—This is a truly valuable work, and altould be in the hands of young and old." " Sunday Times," 23d March, 1556. "The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this little work, in which is described the source of those diseases which produce decline in youth or more frequently premature old age."—" Daily Telegraph," March 27, 1856. " This work, which for twenty years has stood the test of professional criticism and empimal hostility, treats in aplain and sympathising manner on the various disqualifications and impediments arising from nervous excitement and de bility; and to invalids suffering from youthful errors and excesses it will b e f oun d valuable and useful."—Record. London : Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater. noster-row; Mann, 89, Coruhill. HOltra vt COnattitatlOn — .7lo to 8 and o to 5 ;;SiludaYs. 0-4112 No. 21,500. PUBLICATIONS. NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OP " ifELER LINDSAY. Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., Hs., TH INKING ANT) ACTING, Br A CLERGYAIAN'S DAUGHTER. Author of "Helen Lindsay," " Our Homeless Poor," Stc. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF "JACOB BENDIXEN." Just ready, in 3 vole., HOMELESS ; or, A POET'S INNER LIFE. By M. GOLDSCHMIDT. Author of "Jacob Ben dixen," Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready, in 1 vol., with Illustrations, RECOLLECTIONS OF A FOX HUNTER. By SCRUTATOR. " Scrtitator is one of the most graphic and eloquent histo rians of the sports of the field, and for vital interest and utility this is decidedly his best production."—Sunday Times. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. MAP OF OND 0 N.-GRATIS.- On SUNDAY last, May 26, was presented gratis with the DISPATCH, the Fourth of Nine-Double Sheets, to form, when complete, the most perfect and useful Map of London ever published, to contain 27 square feet upon a scale of nearly 10 inches to the mile. The price of the " Dis patch" with any Division is, unstamped, 5d.: stamped, to go free by post, 6d.—Order of any News Agent in the Kingdom, or from the Office, 139, Fleet-street, London. Send 4s. 6d. in stamps for nine papers and perfect Map of London. An Invaluable Six-sheet Map of the UNITED STATES of AMERICA, with Six Papers of past or future dates, price 2s. 6d. ; by post, 3s. Maps sent on roller, 2d. extra. On Sunday next, June 2, ISLANDS of SUMATRA and JAVA, and on July 7 the Tourists' Map of the LAKES of KIL LARNE Y. THE_ PRESENT DISTRESS IN TRADE fully explained in J. GROSSMITIPS " GOVERNMENT UPON FIRST PRINCIPLES." The cause is there predicated of the monetary difficulties ex perjenced in 1860. The Crisis is at hand. Anxiety in buw ness has now become the grim torture. Purity of motive, exercised, must animate all Governments, or all is lost - , All denominations of Constitutions are carefully examined in J. Grossmith's "Government upon First Prin ciples." Kent and Co., late Piper and Co.. Paternoster-row. Just published, price 25., free by post, 2s. 4d., ON SPERMATORRHCE A. By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E., And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan . Infirmary for the Cure of Strictures of the Urethra. " The aim of the author is to present a common-sense view of the Causes, Nature, Consequences, and Treatment of this Disease, as also to free these questions from the Professional Fallacies, the Popular Delusions, and the exaggerations of Quackery by which they have hitherto been surrounded, to the destruction of the health and happiness of thousands. These objects are discussed in a common-sense and highly practical manner."—Medical Circular. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street.' IMPORTANT TO OWNERS OF HORSES. - After long experience, deep researches into chymistry, by the aid of costly machinery, I have discovered the means whereby oats, beans, and oilcake may be entrely dispensed with in the feeding of horses and cattle. I have now invented a compound meal, composed of locust beans, Indian corn, linseed, &c., at £l6 per ton, which is equal in value to £24 worth of oats, beans, or any other feeding material in the market. Two quarts of this compound meal, weighing 31bs., at the cost of 5d.. mixed with a peck of chopped hay, is a feed far a draught horse, and superior in every respect to three quarterns of oats, costing 7id. 14 barrels wei.A net 1 ton 1 cwt., at 16s. per cwt., £l6 ifs. net cash, free, delivered by my own waggons to any station in London. Nothing less than 21 cwt. sold at the manufactory, and orders must be accom panied with cheques crossed, made payable to the inventor, JOSE PH THO RLEY. Steam Mills, Caledonian-road, King's-cross, April 8, 1851. Single barrels, weighing . 11 cwt., may be had for 305., at 77, Newgate-street, City, or of any of my accredited Agents in the country. THORLEY'S C OND IMEN TA L FOOD (mixed wi'h crushed Oats, &c.) for My Horses.—Read Admiral Roue on the English Racehorse. 40s. per barrel, containing 448 feeds. ICHORLEY'S CONDIMENT for My Cows. -I- Increasing the quantity and enriching the quality of Milk. 40s. per barrel. THORLEY'S COMPOUND for My Sheep. Sold in barrels, containing 44S feeds, with measure cmlosed, and carriage paid to any railway station in the ingdom. THORLEY for M y pigs. 40s. per barrel. THORLEY'S GLEANER is Published every Monday in time for poit, and contains forty Columns of valuable information, including Mark-lane Report, Agri cultural and Sporting Intelligence up to time of going to press. Price One Penny. Order of any Newsvendor.-77, Newgate-street, City. NO. 8, GROSVENOR-STREET, BOND-STREET. RTIFICIAL TEETH on a .NEW and IM -1:1 PROVED PRINCIPLE.—Mr. ESKELL'S PATENTED INVENTION (protected by her Majesty's Royal Seal, July, 1860), for adapting Artificial Teeth on Moveable Bases by Self-adhesion, are fixed without springs or any fastenings, without pain or extraction, restore perfect articulation and mastication, rendering detection impossible, and last a life time. "An admirable contrivance for remedying the defects of nature, without requiring new sets of teeth."—Sun, July 20. "Will doubtless be extensively patronised."—Court Cir cular, July 21. "Unrivalled for its utility and economy."— Morning Post, July 20. Con sultations free.—Terms strictly moderate. 8, Grosvenor-street, Bond-street ; Old Steyne, Brighton; Bennett's-hill, Birmingham. GIVEN AWAY TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS. HENRY SMITH. M.D., of the University of Jena, has just published, for the benefit of Nervous Sufferers, a FREE EDITION of his valuable work, THE WARNING VOICE TO YOUNG MEN (120 pages). A meddcal work on the cure of Nervous Debility, Loss of Memory, Dimness of Sight, Lassitude, Indigestion, Dislike to Society, Spermatorrhcea, Local Weakness, Muscular Re laxation, Languor, Listlessness, Depression, &c., which, if neglected, result In consumption, insanity, and premature death ; with plain directions for perfect restoration to health and vigour. The book will be sent, post free, secure from ob servation, to any address, on receipt of a directed envelope and two stamps. Address, HENRY SMITH, M.D., 8, Burton crescent, Tavistock-square, London, W.C. Just published, price ls., post free for 14 stamps, with Pho tographic Illustrations from Life, DISEASES OF THE SKIN. By ROBERT J. JORDAN, M.D., Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, England, &c., &c. Author of " Skin Diseases and their Remedies," &c. Price 2s. Gd., by post 2s. 10d., Hours of Consultation from 11 to 2, and 5 to 8 ; or by ap pointment. To be had from the Author 29, George-street, Hanover square, London,•W. For qualifications, see Medical Register. a z / r 4111 -1 ----.7r4r rs:de "itz.364. A ,60 s O. ge 6.444,,, 0, \, L t , 1 0 ' 7 ] TP4 II kOW, -00 ,o f t cf s , A • . itn 4 7. /6‘" , l' 6 Roir. . r D~~ ~~ pered about that the Congress had passed a most important act which recognised war between the United States and the Confederate States and re gulated the conditions of letters of marque and the condemnati on an d p a y men t o f p r i ze . The Cincin nati papers contain the reproduction, with many typographical errors, of your correspondent's first letter from America, which he would not here allude to, were it not that the papers in question accuse him of misrepresentation in stating that it was General Jackson who introduced " the distribution of spoils system." He is glad to find that M. de Toequeville, who was in America ,at the time, laboured under the same impression, and he is forced to maintain the accuracy of his assertion. TUESDAY, MAY 7. The newspapers contain the text of the declara tion of a state of war on the part of President Davis, and of the issue of letters of marque and reprisal, &c. The object of this war measure is to depreciate the value of the shipping of the North, and to pre vent the vessels of the United States commercial marine getting cargoes abroad. The Government here conceive th e y h ave a right to demand f rom foreign nations that their flag shall be recognised, and their law o ffi cer d ec l ares t h e C on f e d erate S tates will maintain their right to issue letters of marque in the face of the world. It is the right of a belli gerent Powe r , an d i t was respected, they say, by the courts of l aws i n the United States in the case of the South American Republics if any formal re cognition of their Governments or of their inde pendence was made by any P ower. The refusal to admit the privateers of the Conf e d erate States to exercise the rights of belligerents in the right of search, will be taken as an act of war, and as a proof of alliance with the enemy—that is, the Govern ment of the United States, It need hardly b e ob served that the protection of British interests de mands that an efficient squadron of vessels be at once sent to the American waters in the face of such contingencies as will inevitably arise. But it may be asked, who will take these letters of marque? Where is the Government of Mont gomery to find ships ? The answer is to be found in the fact that alr e ady numerous applications nave been received from the shipowners of New England, from the whalers of New Bedfor:l, and from others in the Northern States for these very letters of marque, accompanied by the highest securities and guarantees! This statement I make on the very highest authority. I leave it to you to deal with the facts. To-day I proceeded to the Montgomery Down ing-street and Whitehall, to present myself to the members of the Cabinet, and to be introduced to the President of the Confederate States of America. The offices of the Government are contained under one roof in a large brick building of unfaced masonry, which looks like a handsome first-class warehouse. On the first landing is a square hall, surrounded by doors on which legible inscriptions are fixed to indicate the offices of " The President," " The Secretary of War," " The Attorney-General," "'The Secretary of State," of " The Cabinet," &c., and on a landing above are situated the offices of the other members of the Government. The building is surmounted by the flag of the Confederate States. There is no sentry at the doors, and access is free to all, but there are notices on the doors warning visitors that they can only be received during cer tain hours. The President was engaged with some gentlemen when I was presented to him, but he re ceived me with much kindliness of manner, and when they had left entered into conversation with me for some time on general matters. Mr. Davis is a man of slight, sinewy figure, rather over the middle height, and of erect, soldierlike bearing. He is about 55 years of age ; his features arc regular and well-defined, but the face is thin and marked on cheek and brow with many wrinkles, and is rather careworn and haggard. One eye is apparently blind, the other is dark, piercing, and intelligent. He was dressed very plainly in a light gray summer suit. In the course of conversation he gave an order for the Secretary of War to furnish me with a let ter as a kind of passport in case of my falling in with the soldiers of any military posts who might be indisposed to let me pass freely, merely observ ing that I had been enough - within the lines of camps to know what was my duty on such occa sions. I subsequently was presented to Mr. Walker, the Secretary-at-War, who promised to furnish me with the needful documents before I left Mont gomery. In his room were General Beauregard and several officers, engaged over plans and maps, apparently in a little council of war, which was, perhaps, not without reference to the intelligence that the United States troops were marching on NorfolK Navy-yard, and had actually occupied Alexandria. On leaVing the Secretary I proceeded to the room of the Attorney-General, Mr. Benjamin, a very intelligent and able man, whom I found busied in preparations connected with the issue of letters of letarque.:Everything in the offices looked like earnest work and business. On my way back from the State Department I saw a very fine company of infantry and three field pieces, with about 120 artillerymen, on their march to the railway station for Virginia. The men were all well equipped, but there were no ammunition waggons for the guns, and the transport consisted solely of a few country carts drawn by poor horses, out of condition. There is no lack of muscle and will among the men. The troops which I see here are quite fit to march and fight as far as their per sonnel is concerned, and there is no people in the world so crazy with military madness. The very children in the streets ape the air of soldiers, carry little flags, and wear cockades as they strut in the highways, and mothers and fathers feed the fever by dressing them up as Zouaves or Chassenrs. Mrs. Davis had a small levee to-day in right of her position as wife of the President. Several ladies there, probably, looked forward to the time when their States might secede from the new Con federation and afford them the pleasure of holding a reception. Why not Presidents of State of Georgia or of Alabama? Why not King of South Carolina, or Emperor of Florida? Soldiers of fortune ! make your game ! Gentlemen poli ticians, the ball is rolling. There is, to be sure, a storm gathering at the North, but it cannot hurt you, and already there are condottieri from all parts of the world flocking to your aid, who will eat your Southern beeves the last of all. Virginia seems in clined to set up for herself, or to divide herself into two " Old Dominions." Here are Messrs. Henning sen, Pickett, and other gallant gentlemen, quite ready to help you and themselves out of their little difficulty by their swords and their pens, and no one can say how far the family of Kings may extend on this good Continent if the fear of a common enemy should ever permit the States to gratify their private jealousies. One word more as to a fleet. The English owners of several large steamers are already in correspondence with Government here for the purchase of thei r vesse l s . Th e intelli gence which has reached the Government that their commissioners have gone on to Paris is regarded as unfavourable to their claims, and as a proof that as yet England is not disposed to recognise them. Is is amusing to hear the tone used on both sides towards Great Britain. Both are most anxious for her countenance and support, although the North blusters rather more about its independence than the South, which professes a warm regard for the mother country. " But," say the North, "if Great Britain recognises the South, we shall cer tainly look on it as a delaration of war." " And," say the South, " if Great Britain does not recognise our privateers' flag, we shall regard it as proof hostility and of alliance with the enemy." The Government at Washington seeks to obtain will pro mises from Lord Lyons that our G o vernment not recognise the Southern Confederacy, bu t at n t the same time refuses to give any l guarantee s re ference to the rights of neutroat occasion us a n y neutrals. The blockade of the Southern ports would n great inconvenience at present, nt, because the cotton loadingif it be enforced i n season is over; October there is a prospect of very seriou s an d embarassing questions arisin g in reference to the rights of neutrals' treaty obligations with the United States Governmentud the of tradeb lblockade a a d n e d inre re ference to t he com merce of England' a distinctions to b e d rawn between measure s of war and means of an noyance. As I write the guns in front of the State De partment are firing a salute, and each report marks a State of the Confederacy. They are now ten, as Arkansas and Tennessee are now out of the Union. TIIE GREAT EASTERN.—LTVERPOOL, Wednes day.--The Great Eastern was to have sailed from New York for Liverpool on Saturday last, the 25th inst., and, may, therefore, be expected in the Mersey on Monday or Tuesday next. She will be moored off Rock Ferry, and for this purpose the steamer Speedwell left the Mersey this morning for Milford, to bring round the Great Eastern's moorings, at present lying at that port. CONFEDERATE MERCHANT VESSELS CAPTURED 11Y FEDERAL Srurs.—lt was stated on 'Change at Liver pool yesterday that several cotton ships from southern is had been elptured by the Federal vessels of war. The Argo, laden with tobacco, from Richmond, Virginia, has also been captured by the vessels of the northern blockading squadrons. [ADVERTISEMENT.] - Holloway's Pills. Steady Cir culation.—The most important essential to maintain health is the regulating the flow throughout the system of pure arterial blood. Ther ce come the bone, muscle, and all the components of man. I t i s most momentous to prevent the blood becoming contaminated, which Holloway's purifying pills effectually accomplish. They are the best family medi cine over discovered ; their operation is so sure, safe, and satisfactory. The most delicate female or child may take Holloway's Pills with confidence and certainty of relief. They produce no pain, debility, or other drawback. The concurrent testimonies of thousands have assigned to . Ho lloway's Pills the enviable position they have held in all quarters of the globe for over a quarter of a century, THE SUN, LONDON, THUIISDAt EVENING, MAY 30, 1861. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, MAY 29. The City of taltimote, which touched at Queens own yesterday, has arrived. The accounts from the blockading squadron are :nteresting. The Charleston Mercury, of the 13th, says :—. " The steam-frigate Niagara, which it was stated some days since was coming off this port to blockade the harbour, was first noticed off here at an early hour on Saturday by pilot• boat No. 4, then outside the bar, and also from the steeple of the Custom house. The pilot-boat had observed in the offing on Friday evening what appeared to be a merchant ship bound into this harbour, and which not being in sight on Saturday, was no doubt ordered off by the Niagara. Towards midday the frigate disap peared, but returned off the port in the afternoon. On Saturday Capt. Robert Lockwood, pilot, in boat No. 2 (the W. Y. Leitch) took to sea the schooner Minnehaha, for Baltimore, and soon after leaving the schooner outside he went on board his boat, when he made in the offing, standing in, a square rigged vessel. Night coming on, and the Niagara being in sight, he thought it, best to send his pilot boat into port, and to take his skiff and one hand and proceed to the bark. He reached her about 7 p.m., and found her to be the barque Hilja, from Liverpool, in ballast, consigned to Messrs. R. Mure and Co., of this city. The tide being too late to get her into port, he remained on board during Satur day night, hisskiff being taken on deck and carefully stowed away. On Sunday morning, it being calm, the pilot was unable to get her under way, and at half-past 8 she was boarded by a boat from the Nia gara, commanded by Lieut. R. L._May,who informed the captain of the Hilja that the port was blockaded, the rebels inside having fired on Fort Sumter with a garrison of less than 100 men, gave him a Yankee paper containing the latest news, and mentioned that an army of 100,000 men had been landed on the coast of Louisiana. The captain of the Hilja informed the Lieutenant that he was short of water and requested to know if the Niagara could supply him; but he was informed that the frigate had a shorter supply of that than any other necessary article. The following is a copy of the endorsement of Lieutenant R. L. May on the papers of the Hilja : " Boarded May 12th, and ordered off the whole Southern coast of the United States of America, it being blockaded. "`R. L. MAY. " Lieutenant United States Steamship Niagara.' " The officer remained by the Hilja for about 20 minutes, when he left. The boat's crew had each a revolver in a belt attached to the waist. Mr. Lockwood left the Hilja about 10 o'clock, and reached the city in his skiff, accompanied by a valuable boat hand, who remained faith ful, although appearances indicated that the boy had only to open his mouth, when he might have had a passage to some other place than Dixie's Land. The Hilja went off during the day, and will proceed to the British provinces. "The British ship Monmouth, from Liverpool, and the ship General Parkhill, from the same place, were seen off the bar yesterday, and were ordered off, and we understand that the Niagara had pre viously sent off three other square-rigged vessels. During Sunday the Niagara went well off shore, accompanied by two of the above vessels, and while she was absent the British ship A. and A., Captain Hutchinson, from Belfast, stocd in from the east ward, when the Niagara made after her ; but the ship having much the start was run into shoal water, where the frigate could not well approach her, when the Niagara put about and proceeded south. Should the boats of the Niagara omit to board the A. and A, before morning she may be got into port with the aid of steam. The race was anxiously watched from the wharfs and also by a party of gentlemen who were out in the pilot-boat Rover, Captain Evans. They went alongside and spoke the ship." The same journal of the following day says : " The British ship A. and A,, from Belfast, which we reported in our last issue as having anchored near the outer busy of North Channel, after having been chased by the Niagara, Escaped being boarded by the man-of-war on Sunday night, and was suc cessfully towed into port by the steamer Gordon, yesterday morning. The officers of the Niagara supposed the A. and A. to have been ashore when she anchored, she was so close in ; but in this sup position they were mistaken, and the ship has got into a port, where she w ill wake a snots slxperior freight, say about lid. for Uplands, and lid. for Sea Island cotton. The British ship Susan G. Owens went to sea yesterday for Liverpool, and it was rumoured that she was boarded by a boat from the Niagara, and her papers strictly examined ; but the pilot who took her to sea informs us that he watched her closely after she got outside until sbe had almost disappeared, and that no such event took place. She was, when last seen, going off finely, with all her canvas set. So far as we can ascertain, no outward bound vessel has yet been stopped. " The Niagara was about ten miles south-east from the Snip Bar yesterday, and was there visited during the afternoon by Mr. Robt. Bunch, her Britannic Majesty's Consul at this port, who left the city about two p.m. in the steamer Charles ton, and proceeded on board the Niagara, where he was received with the usual salute, and had every courtesy extended to him, and every matter in re lation to the blockade satisfactorily explained. All neutral vessels now in this port would be allowed a reasonable time to leave, but none would be allowed to come in. The A. and A., which got in yesterday, and whose manner of getting into port rather disturbed the nerves of some cotton ship p, will r bmeasatlelrosweefdfetoregigonuvnemssoelelssteexdp. ee A te l d l o h p e e r n e will be received on board the Niagara and given to the parties when they come off the Bar, but no sealed communications will be received. A fleet of eight or ten sail, with Commodore Stringham, is expected off here shortly, when the blockade will be rigidly enforced all along the coast. They ex . - p a w r i e t s h se w d at a er w , ihlluitngthneesesaptotaihnasvaeilesdupepilliiendsuthehe haste that it could not be done. The commander of the Niagara was pained at the position he had to occupy in reference to the seceded States, but he intended to carry out his orders. Mr. Bunch says the Niagara is a formidable looking ship, has a noble crew of about 600 men, is loaded down with provisions and war material, decks piled up with shot and guns of the most for midable size. The only Charleston ships ordered off have been those reported—say, the Monmouth, the General Parkhill, and the Hilja, all from Liver pool„ The Eliza Bonsai!, the Sir Allan M`Nabb, Sec., have not yet been seen. Several other British vessels have been ordered off, two of which, it is said, were bound to Savannah, but their names we did not learn. No vessels appeared off this harbour on Monday, so far as we could see or learn, and the Niagara had a quiet day, but she keeps steam on all the time, and moves rapidly when under way." On the 14th the American ship Arago, with a cargo of tobacco from Richmond, Virginia, valued at 150,000 dols., was seized in the Chesapeake by the gunboat Quaker City. There was a prize crew placed on board by Flag-officer Stringham, of the squadron, her destination being New York. The following gunboats were on the blockading squad ron—The Harriet Lane, off the mouth of the James and Elizabeth Rivers; the Monticello, off York River ; the Quaker City, at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. The Dawn and the Yankee were at anchor off Fort Monroe waiting orders. The steam frigate Minnesota, Flag-officer Stringham, arrived off Old Point Comfort on the morning of the 13th inst. The ports of Florida had been put under blockade since the 6th inst., and the yacht Wanderer, of slave-trade notoriety, had been seized off Key West by the Crusader. The steamer City o n f g t n , rßichmond,eport arrivedreported having at passed Philadelphia the u from nite d steamer Yankee 30 m il es sout h o f C ape Hen llh S lo rt p aas e te n s , with three prize steamers in charge. From al ong Charleston we learn that active prepara tions were going t forwardhe seaboard. to o increase n th t i h s the sduebfjeenecte the h o e f the State Charleston Iliercury, May 14, says " Orders have been issued from headquarters for the immediate organisation of the 9th Regiment S. C. V., which will be made up of citizens from the parishes and districts of our sea coast, all of whom are acclimated, and by their habits of life are accustomed to boating and shooting. They know thoroughly every island and inlet on our coast, do not mind exposure, are familiar with the use of the small-bore rifle and the hunting knife, and if called on to meet invaders will do it in an old-fashioned and wonderfully effectual manner." Mr. Seward, the Secretary of State, had written a vr u i i gni mipoartsantetamlesthteirp toc Company, Washington. clkveans,hianggetnotn.of the G overnor Letcher, of Virginia, having seized two steamers belonging to the Virginia Steamship Com pany, and offered to pay for them, Mr. Heineken asked 11r. Seward's reasons for considering it an act of treason if he (Mr. Heineken) should accept Go vernor Letcher's offer. Mr. Seward answered that the Executives of all those States now in insurrection against the United States with the design to over throw it 3 Government were parties to their treason, that if was treason for them to buy or seize ves sels to ')e used against the Government, it was equally treasonable for any one to sell them vessels or receive pay for vessels seized by them for sach purpose ; and that the Government would visit on such sel er or receiver all the penalties of treason. The following rumours had been telegraphed from Wtshington : "It is useless to.disguise the fact that the lead ing members of the diplomatic corps in Washington are engaged in constant and anxious discussion on the course it may be necessary for them at any day to adopt. 'They have recently received urgent in structions from their respective Governments to in form then with the utmost precision of the chances of the two sections in their present deadly quarrel. It is leaking out that the Governments in question declare tnat their commercial interests are identi fied in a great degree with the South, and that if they are forced into taking sides with either, they will be cmpelled to look carefully after cotton and free trade. England is disposed to move cautiously in this important matter, and is playing her usual game of urging France to take the chestnuts out of the fire. Tie country may not generally be aware that there this moment an agent of tEe French Emperor traVeliliag in the, South, by the name, of Baroche. He is instructed to say that he is simply collecting information for the Commercial. Bureau, for the Minister of Public Works, but this artifice is too transparent to deceive the most credulous. He is a political more than he is a commercial agent, and his despatches, regularly forwarded to Paris, necessarily exercise great influence over the mind of the Emperor. What may be the final con clusions of France, whether she will think it her interest to play into the hands of the revolutionary party in the South, remains to be seen. It was understood that an army of 15,000 Fede ral troops would be concentrated in and about Fort Monroe. The report of the removal of the remains of Washington from Mount Vernon by the Secession ists was totally false. The Virginia papers report continued arrivals of Confederate troops, and their departure for points not designated. From Havannah we have advices to the 11th. The Southern privateer steamer William H. Webb entered the port of Havannah with the United States flag flying, and sought a clearance from the Consul-General. This was denied, when the vessel was immediately transferred to British subjects, hoisted the Union Jack of England, and sailed for New Orleans. The sugar-market of Havannah was still dull, and sugars heavy (no sales), at 51 reals to 6 reals for No. 12. Stock, 225,000 boxes. Molasses 12 reals per keg, and nothing doing. Freights active for all European vessels; no inducement for United States bottoms. 2IIE CIVIL W.AI? Is AJLERICA. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) MONTGOMERY, CAPITAL OF THE CONFE DERATE STATES OF AMERICA, MAY 8. In my last letter I gave an account of such mat ters as passed under my notice on my way to this city, which I reached, as you are aware, on the night of Saturday, May 4. I am on difficult ground, the land is on fire, the earth is shaking with the tramp of armed men, and the very air is hot with passion. My communications are cut off, or are at best accidental, and in order to reopen them I must get further away from them, paradoxical as the statement may appear to be. It is impossible to know what is going on in the North, and almost the same to learn what is doing in the South out of eyeshot; it is useless to inquire what news is sent to you to England. The telegraphic communica tions are now broken, so are the mail routes. Newspapers and letters now and then reach well known people here from New York in six or seven days.. IlTent*,_h.vrry.on with txeraak dons rapidity.and even the figgtuing lags behind tnem. The people of the South at last are aware that the " Yankees" are preparing to support the Govern ment of the United States, and that the secession can only be maintained by victory in the field. There has been a change in their war policy. They now aver that "they only want to be left alone." and they declare they do not intend to take Wash ington, and that it was merely as a feint they spoke about it. The fact is there are even in the compact and United South men of moderate and men of ex treme views, and the general tone of the whole is regulated by the preponderance of one or the other at the moment. I have no doubt on my mind that the Government here intended to attack and occupy Washington —not the least that they had it much at heart to reduce Fort Pickens as soon as possible. Now some of their friends say that it willbe a mere matter of convenience whether they attack Wash ington or not, and that, as for Fort Pickens, they will certainly let it alone, at all events for the pre sent, inasmuch gtmoneltsahtress climate.eteh soon they lose as the menacing attitude of General Bragg oblig es the enemy to keep a squadron o f their best shi ps there, and to retain a force of Re fSetdaetreasthesoldarTe oprtruegpaasr can enor mo usly l Theys a have spare inve discovered, from cm p o o vd s e i i rs t ee i o da n s, e t ws too, e et r h e d ae they e position is o f li ttle value so long as the United l iaungdfoKrety West.h eeonfie S t u , But thandewChoenn they have organised their forces, they will make, I am satisfied, a very resolute advance all along the line. They are at present strong enough, they suppose, in their domestic resources, and in the difficulties presented to the advance of a hostile force by the nature of the country, to bid defiance to invasion, or, at all events, to inflict a very severe chastisement on the invaders, and their excited manner of speech so acts upon their minds that they begin to think they can defy, not merely the United States, but the world. Thus it is that they declare they never can be conquered, that they will die to a man, woman and child first, and that if 50,000, or any number of thousands, of Black Republicans get 100 miles into Virginia, not one man of them shall ever get out alive. Behind all this talk, however, there is immense energy, great resolution, and fixed principles of action. Their strategy consists in keeping quiet till they have their troops well in hand, in such numbers and discipline as shall give them fair grounds for expecting success in any campaign with the United States troops. They are preparing with vigour to render the descent of the Mississippi impossible, by erecting batteries on the commanding levees or embankments which hem in its waters for upwards of 800 miles of bank, and they are occupying, as far as they can, all the stra tegical points of attack or defence within their borders. When everything is ready, it is not im probalee that Mr. Jefferson Davis will take the command of the army, for he is reported to have a high ambition to acquire reputation as a General, and in virtue of his office he is Generalissimo of the armies of the Confederate States. It will be remarked that this plan rests upon the assumption that the United States cannot:or will not wage an offensive war, or obtain any success in their attempts to recover the forts and other property of the Federal Government. They firmly believe the war will not last a year, and that 1862 will behold a victorious, compact slave-holding con federate Power of 15 States under a strong Govern ment, prepared to hold its own against the world, or that portion of it which may attack it. I now but repeat the sentiments and expectations of those around me. They believe in the irresistible power of Cotton, in the natural alliance between manufac turing England and France and the cotton-pro ducing Slave States, in the force of their simple ' tariff, and in the interests which arise out Jf a system of free trade, which, however, by a rigorous legislation they will interdict to their neighbours in the Free States, and only open for the benefit of their foreign customers. Commercially, and politically, and militarily they have made up their minds, and never was there such confidence exhibit( d by any people in the future as they have, or pretend to have, in their destiny. Listen to their programme. It is intended to buy up all the cotton crop which can be brought into the market at an average price, and to give bonds of the Confederate States for the amount, these bonds being, as we know, secured by the export duty on cotton. The Government, with this cotton crop in its own hands, will use it as a formidable machine of war, for cotton can do any thing, from the establishment of an empire to the securing of a shirt button. It is at once king and subject, master and servant, captain and soldier, artilleryman and gun. Not one bale of cotton will be permitted to enter the Northern States. It will be made an offence punishable with tremendous penal. ties, among which confiscation of property, enor mous fines, and even the penalty of death, are enumerated, to send cotton into the Free States. Thus Lowell and its kindred factories will be re duced to ruin, it is said, and the North to the direst distress. If Manchester can get cotton and Lowell cannot, there are good times coming for the mill owners. o uedraop l harc a rvtoeeutt n esoohm.i r t e:nne e as uTtty : egihas s ahoetnewhsne h rdpabl a lretfvfi for the atatf a hokrh g iteee r hnea e ceGo e ui ta d rbol t ttvooncennapror Government. itro o nmow n fnaet g it shnhl will themselves cropah. ibmr e e m afi Frssefkesoloudlerrytes circulatinge :dte s haaa neonc t nhdd o r within the limits of the Slave States. This bondsv l i b l l e b i e sws uisecuredleldboenar the by the interesttfhaei t Ah at ta t nl o do f ptsheeer f the proceeds of the duty of Ith of a cent. pound of cotton exported. All vessels with cotton will be obliged to enter into give security that they will not carry their to Northern ports, or let it reach Northern to their knowledge. The Government will cotton for cash to the foreign buyers, and thus raise funds amply sufficient, they con all purposes. I make these bare state ments,nd I leave to political economists the dis cussionf the question which, may and will arise the acts of the Government of the Confede tates. The Southerners .argue that by from their unnatural alliance with the oNbro stcoccmbltfwmttbtohoeoaeuhruaenhrooaweooiarnlaetenrtrinellgTll reeddrgsaeiendlts d dtedotiktfkii v. e h sh:snahuofpbeelle e ifoailfgmaeontusrooctrovussat p yrcgihrnrot. they will save upwards of 47,000,000 dols,, nearly £10,000,000 sterling, annually. The estimated value of the annual cotton crop is 200,000,000 dols. On this the North formerly made at least 10,000,000 dols. by advances, interest, and exchanges, which in all came to fully 5 per cent. on the whole of the crop. Again, the tariff to raise revenues sufficient for the maintenance of the Go vernment of the Southern Confederacy is far less than that which is required by the Government of the United States. The Confederate States propose to have a tariff which will be about 12 1 - 7 per cent. on imports, which will yield 25,000,000 doles The Northern tariff is 30 per cent., and, as the South took from the North 70,000,000 dols. worth of ma nufactured goods and produce, they contributed, they assert, to the maintenance of the North to the extent of the difference between the tax sufficient for the support of their Government and that which is required for the support of the Federal Govern ment. Now they will save the difference between 30 per cent, and 121 per cent. (171 per cent.), which amounts to 37,000,000 dols., which, added to the saving on commissions, exchanges, advances, &c., makes up the good round sum which I have put down higher up. The Southerners are firmly con vinced that they have "kept the North going" by the prices they have paid for the protected articles of their manufacture, and they hold out to Sheffield, to Manchester, to Leeds, to Wolverhampton, to Dudley, to Paris, to Lyons, to Bordeaux, to all the centries of English manufacturing life, as of French taste and luxury, the tempting baits of new and eager and hungry markets. If their fasts and sta tistics are accurate there can be no doubt of the jus tice of their deductions on many points; but they can scarcely be correct in assuming that they will bring the United States to destruction by cutting off from Lowell the 600,000 bales of cotton which she usually consumes. One great fact, however, is un questionable—the Government has in its hands the souls, the wealth, and the hearts of the people. They will give anything —money, labour, life itself --to carry out their theories. " Sir," said an ex- Governor of this State to me to-day, " sooner than. submit to the North we will all become subject to Great Britain again." The same gentleman is one of many who have given to the Government a large portion of their cotton crop every year as a free will offering. In his instance his gift is one of 500 bales of cotton, or £5,001 per annum, and the papers teem with accounts of similar " patriotism" and de votion. The ladies are all making sandbags, cart ridges, and uniforms, and, if possible, they are more fierce than the men. The time for mediation is past, if it ever were at band or present at all, and it is scarcely possible now to prevent the processes of phlebotomisation which are supposed to secure peace and repose. There was no intelligence of much interest on Sun day, but there is a general belief that Arkansas and Missouri will send in their adhesion to the Confede racy this week, and the commissioners from Virgi nia are hourly expected. The attitude of that State, however, gives rise to apprehensions lest there may be ,a division of her strength ; andsaasLaggression on her territories by the Federal Government, such as that contemplated in taking possession of Alex andria, would be hailed by the Montgomery Go vernment with sincere joy, as it would, they think, move the State to more rapid action and decision. Montgomery is on an undulating plain, and covers ground large enough for a city of 200,000 inhabi tants, but its population is only 12,000. Indeed, the politicians here affect to dislike large cities, but the city designers certainly prepare to take them if they come. The lines of the streets run at right angles over this plain, and the houses are sparsely sown at the margins of the broad avenues, most of them with a little garden or enclosure, and trees around and in front of it, so that the city looks like a vast aggregate meeting of small country par sonages. The houses are of wood, painted white, or of red brick, many only one story in height. The churches are numerous, small, and rather eccentric in the character of the architecture. There is a large negro population and a considerable number of a colour which forces me to doubt the evidence of my senses rather than the statements made to me by some of my friends that the planters affect the character of parent in their moral relations merely with the negro race. A waiter at the hotel, a tall, handsome young follow, with the least tinge of colour in his cheek, not as dark as the majority of Spaniards or Italians, astonished me in my igno rance to-day when, in reply to a question asked by one of our party, in consequence of a discussion on the point, he informed me he " was a slave." The man, as he said so, looked confused ; his manner altered. He had been talking familiarly to us, bat the moment he replied " I am a slave, sir," his loquacity disappeared, and he walked hurriedly and in silence out of the room. The river Alabama, on which the city rests, is a wide, deep stream, now a quarter of a mile in breadth, with a current of four miles an hour. It is navigable to Mobile, upwards of 400 miles, and steamers ascend its waters for many miles beyond this into the interior. The country around is well wooded, and is richly culti vated in broad fields of cotton and Indian corn, but the neighbourhood is not healthy, and deadly fevers are said to prevail at certain seasons of the year. There is not much animation in the streets, except when "there is a difficulty among the citizens," or in the eternal noise of the hotel steps and bars. I was told this morning by the hotelkeeper that I was probably the only person in the house, or about it, who had not loaded revolvers in his pockets, and one is aware occasionally of an unnatural rigidity scarcely attributable to the osseous structure in the persons of those who pass one in the crowded pas sages. _ _ _ MONDAY, MAY 6. To-day I visited the Capitol where the Provi sional Congress is sitting. On leaving the hotel, which is like a small Willard's, so far as the crowd in the hall is concerned, my attention was attracted to a group of people to whom a man was holding forth in energetic sentences. The day was hot, but I pushed near to the spot, for I like to hear a stump speech, or to pick up a stray morsel of divinity in the via sacra of strange cities, and it appeared as though the speaker was delivering an oration or a sermon. The crowd was small. Three or four idle men in rough, homespun, makeshift uniforms leant against the iron rails enclosing a small pond of foul, green-looking water, surrounded by brickwork which decorates the space in front of the Exchange Hotel. The speaker stood on an empty deal packing-case. A man in a cart was listening with a lack lustre eye to the address. Some three or four others, in a sort of vehicle which might either be a hearse or a piano van, had also drawn up for the benefit of the address. Five or six men in long black coats and high hats, some whit ling sticks, and chewing tobacco, and discharging streams of discoloured saliva, completed the group. " N-i-ne h-hun—nerd and fifty dollars ! Only nine h-hun-nerd and fifty dollars offered for him," exclaimed the man in the tone of injured dignity, remonstrance, and surprise which can be insinuated by all true auctioneers into the dryest numerical statements. " Will no one make any advance on nine hunnerd and fifty dollars ?" A man near me opened his mouth, spat, and said, " Twenty-five." " Only nine hunnerd and seventy-five dollars offered for him. Why at's radaklous—only nine hunnerd and seventy-five dollars ! Will no one," &c. Beside the orator auctioneer stood a stout young man of five-and-twenty years o f age, with a bundle in his hand. He was a muscular fellow, b roa d-shouldered, narrow-flanked, but rather small in stature ; he hal on a broad, greasy, old wide awake, a blue jacket, a coarse cotton shirt, loose a nd rather ragged trowers, and broken shoes . The e xpression of his face was heavy and sad , but it was by no means disagreeable, in spite of his thick lips, PRICE 4D . STAMPED, SD. broad nostrils, and high cheek-bones. On his head was wool instead of hair; his whiskers were little flocculent black tufts, and his skin was as dark as that of the late Mr. Dyce Sombre or Sir Jung Bahadoor himself. lam neither sentimentalist nor Black Republican, nor negro worshipper, but I con fess the sight caused a strange thrill through my heart. I tried in vain to make myself familar with the fact that I could, for the sum of 975 dols. be come as absolutely the owner of that mass of blood, bones, sinew, flesh, and brains as of the horse which stood by my side. There was no sophistry which could persuade me the man was not a man— he was, indeed, by no means my brother, but assn• redly he was a fellow-creature. I have seen slave markets in the East, but somehow or other the Orientalism of the scene cast a colouring over the nature of the sales there which deprived them of the disagreeable harshness and matter-of-fact character of the transaction before me. For the Turk, or Smyrniote, or Egyptian to buy and sell slaves seemed rather suited to the eternal fitness of things than otherwise. The turbaned, shawled, loose trowsered, pipe-smoking merchants speaking an unknown tongue looked as if they were engaged in a legitimate business. One knew that their slaves would not be condemned to any very hard labour ; they would be in some sort the inmates of the family and members of it. Here it grated on my ear to listen to the familiar tones of the English tongue as the medium by which the transfer was effected, and it was painful to see decent•looking men in European garb engaged in the work before me. Perhaps these impressions may wear off, for I meet many English people who are :the most stre nuous advocates of the s la ve s y s t em , although it is true that their perceptions may be quickened to re cognise its beauties by their participation in the profits. The negro was sold to one of the bystanders and walked off with hi s b un dl e G o d k nows w h ere . " Niggers is cheap" was the only remark of the bystanders. I continued my wa lk up a long, wide, straight street, or more pr o p er ly, an unpaved sandy road, lined with wooden houses on each side, and with trees by the side of the footpath. The lower of the two stories is generally used as a shop mostly of the miscellaneous store kind, in which all sorts of articles are to be had if there is any money to pay for them ; and in the present case, if any faith is to be attached to the conspicuous notices in the windows, credit is of no credit, and the only thing that can be ac cepted in exchange for the goods is " cash." The unfailing photographer, who may now be regarded as the pioneer of civilisation, and who marches, with his friendly sun, to the western desert, is, of course, here ; and so is the German confectioner, the French jeweller, the Irish dry goodsman or wet goodsman, as the case may be ; nor is the Birming ham gun trade quite unrepresented, nor are music and books without their " emporiums." At the end of this long street, on a moderate eminence, stands a whitewashed or painted edifice, with a gaunt, lean portico supported on lofty, lanky pillars, and sur mounted by a subdued and dejected-looking little cupola. Passing an unkempt lawn, through every shabby little wooden gateway in a brick frame, and we ascend a flight of steps into a hall, from which a double staircase conducts us to the vesti bule of the Chamber. Anything much more offen sive to the eye cannot well be imagined than the floor and stairs. They are stained deeply by.tobacco juice, which has left its marks on the white stone steps and on the base of the pillars outside. In the hall which we have entered there are two tables, covered with hams, oranges, bread, and fruits for the refreshment of members and visitors, over which two sable goddesses, in portentous crinolines, preside. The door of the Chamber is open, and we are introduced into a lofty, well lighted, and com modious apartment, in which the Congress of the Confederate States hold its deliberations. A gal lery runs half round the room and is half filled with visitors—country cousins and farmers of cotton and maize, and haply seekers of places great or small. A light and low semicircular screen sepa rates the body of the House, where the mem bers sit, from the space under the gallery which is appropriated to ladies and visitors. Inside this fence are rows of seats and desks disposed in semicircles, and there is a similar disposition of armchairs, close to the table, at w hich sit the two or three official reporters and officers of the House. The clerk sits at a desk above this table, and on a platform behind him are the desk and chair of the presiding officer or Speaker of the Congress. Over his head hangs the unfailing por trait of Washington, and a small engraving, in a ,black frame, of a gentleman unknown to me. So much for the brick and mortar part of the bui:ding. Of its living furniture one might have more to say than I have if he had fuller opportunities ; but as far as I could judge, an assembly of more calm, determined, and judicial-looking men could not be found in any country in the world. No one who cast his eye over those grave heads, some massive and full, others keen, compact, energetic—could doubt that he was in the presence of men with a great work on hand and with great capabilities for the execution of their task. Seated in the midst of thenrat a senator's desk I was permitted to " assist," in the French sense, at the deliberations of the Con gress, Mr. Howell Cobb took the chair, and a white-headed clergyman was called upon to say prayers, which he did upstanding, with out stretched hands and closed eyes by the side of the Speaker. The prayer was long and sulphureous, one more pregnant with gunpowder I never heard, nor could aught like it have been heard since 6 ' Pulpit, drum ecclesiastic, Was beat with fist instead of a stick." The rev. gentleman prayed that the Almighty might be pleased to inflict on the arms of the United States such a defeat that it might be the example of signal punishment for ever,—that this President might be blessed, and that the other President might be the other thing,—that the gallant, de voted young soldiers who were fighting for their country might not suffer from exposure to the weather or from the bullets of their enemies ; and that the base mercenaries who were fighting on the other side might come to sure and swift destruction, and so on. Are right and wrong mere geographicall, and the astex pressions ? The prayer was over at House proceeded to business. It must be re membered, by the by , that this provisional Con gress of the Confederate States is a very curiously constituted body. It consists of delegates sent by the Convention of each State in the pro portion in which that State was entitled to send representatives to the Senate and to the House of Representatives of the United States; and, as the Convention of the Southern States which have se ceded did not refer their acts to the people of their States, it may be assumed that the Congress is now sitting without any direct ratification of its powers from the people beyond that implied in the forma tion of the Conventions. Although each State has several delegates in Congress it is only entitled to one vote on a strict division. In this way some curi ous decisions may be arrived at, as the smallest State is equal to the largest, and a majority of the Florida representatives may neutralise a vote of all the Georgia representatives. For example, Georgia has ten delegates ; Florida has only three. The vote of Florida, however, is determined by the action of any two of its three representatives, and these two may, on a division, throw the one State vote into the scale against that of Georgia, for which ten members are agreed. It will readily be understood how many difficulties of this kind can arise, but practically we are assured they do not present them selves. No one can tell, however, whether they do or do not, for the Congress transacts all its business in secret Session, and finds it a very agreeable and commendable way of doing it. Thus,to-day, for ex ample, after the presentation of a few unimportant motions and papers, the Speaker rapped his desk and announced that the House would go into secret i Session, and that all who were not members should leave. The only business which was not routine was in reference to a resolution passed at public meeting in a parish in Louisiana, from a wili°o'uontathe mo tion of one of the delegates, was read out State and to pledged the planters to tendeor_tthe a nnual proceeds the Government " the whole f newspaper by the clerk at the o t t h b e l w hat may be nem of our crops, deductingo nly expenses during the continu unn. Another auaentdionweheric,ha ance of the present hostilities." hotel there was another As I was returning to the . small crowd at the fat, flabby, perspiring, puffy man, was trying to perspiri sary for our current fo who stood on the deal box beside sell a negro girl him. s he was dressed pretty much like a London tsherevNanewt g c ir u l t. of s t h h e e , ltoowo,eh-rjaiotaried'ai'l'•liotutlteobfupnldalcee, in n xc h e e p r t hand, and looked.woounitaantgtohiengforan that her shoes were mere shreds of leather patches, 6 excitel O dollars, competition, but said, a o i n d e , and her bonnet would have scarce passed muster in was this young buyers from a pair of large sad eyes. "Niggers were cheap ;" still here , w , N ou o l t d so b l i d d, to a - n d d ay t , upset price of auc tioneer, after vain attempts to raise the pr i ces and you may get down." She stepped down from her box and walked off down the main street without further notice, while the auctioneer sauntered away in another direction. In the evening it was whis hSe a l ;