The Sun. — London, England, 1834-01-28 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR. - - The Duchess of Kent and the Princess Victoria were Present at the vocal concert given at the Hanover-square Rooms last night. Mr. Goss was the conductor for the night. The Duke of Cumberland returned to his residence at James's yesterday afternoon, from a visit to their Ma. Jetties at the Palace at Brighton. Prince Talleyrand had an interview with Viscount Pal merston yesterday at the Foreign Office. The Marquis of Sligo, Mr. Burge, the Agent for Ja maica, and Mr. Mayers, the Agent for Barbadoe., trans acted business yesterday at the Colonial Office. The Right Hon. Charles Grant visited Earl Grey yes terday. The Duke of Sussex arrived at his residence in the Palace at Kensington, on Saturday. Prince Esterhazy visited Prince Talleyrand yesterday. Despatches from Sir William Nicolay, the Governor of the Mauritius,were received at the Colonial Office yesterday. BRIGHTON, JAN. 27. Yesterday afternoon his Majesty, accompanied by the Princess Augusta, drove out along the cliffs, passing and reposing between Brunswick-terrace and Kemp-town. The Queen, accompanied by the Countess of Mayo end Miss Bagot, attended Divine Service in the afternoon, at St. George's chapel, when the Rev. Mr. Anderson read prayers, and afterwards preached a most impressive sermon. The royal dinner party last evening included the Princess Augusta, the Duke of Cumberland, Earl and Countess of Mayo, Lord Byron, Earl and Countess of Errol, Viscount and Viscountess Falkland, and suite. The unfavourable state of the weather to-day renders it almost impossible to go abroad, and the town presents a dreary a ppearance, the drives and promenades being cornpletrly deserted. There will be no new appointment at the India Board in room of Mr. Macaulay, on his leaving for India. Mr. Gordon and Mr. Stewart Mackenzie will then he the two secretaries. CLAIM TO THE TITLE OR LORD LE BE- T lLLaa.—We understand that it is the intention of Mur lagh O'Brien Butler, of Bansha, in the county Tipperary, "'9•r nephew and heir-at-law of the last Lord Dunboyne, to bring forward his claim to the title of Lord Le Beteller, w hich ancient dignity his ancestor posses-ed in the year .1324, reign of Edward the Second. This gentleman's ne phew is married to a niece of the Marquis of Anglesea , and the Earl of Essex.—Dublin Morning Register. GRAND MASQUERADE AT THE OPERA 11°115 R.--Tbe second and last masquerade of the season was held last night at the Opera House. Every part of the house, even to the gallery, was crowded to excess, and at a rough computation we should say that there were at least four thousand persons. Many appeared in character, and some kept up their assumed characters with consider able spirit. Two bands of music were in attendance, and dancing was attempted, but with little success, from the crowded state of the saloon ; there were also voltigeurs, Chinese tumblers, and other artistes, who diversified the amusements of the evening with their feats of agility. On the whole, it was one of the beat exhibitions of the kind we have seen. On Monday, the 20th instant, a public din ter was given to Mr. Walter, M.P. for Refits, by his constituents, at the Globe Inn, Newbury. Mr. E. Gray, of Newbury, was in the chair. Dr. Mitford and several influential gentlemen in the county were present. J. M. Shipton, Esquire, the Russian Vice- Consul of this port, has received an official communira. tion from the Russian Government that, in consequence of the failure of the late hat vest in Russi i, all grain and pulse Will be admitted into tie ports of the Baltic and White Sea, and also by the frontiers of Prussia, duty free...—. Gloucester Journal. EAST SOMERSET ELECTION.—The nomi nation is fixed to take Glace at Wells on Monday nest, February 3. The determination so generally expr;Nsed by the e l ectors througSout the division to support Mr. Miles would have rendered opposition to him hopeless if any other candidate had appeared. It is said that Mr. Runt will be put it, nomination, but it is not likely that his opposition will extend beyond one of his vituperative ',Peaches against Whigs and Tories.—Bristol Journal. MR. BURKE'S HISTORY OF THE COM• mowaßs.--Tfie first volume of this most valuable work, comprising the history of between three and four hundred families, is now completed and published, and we are assured that neither the immense labour of research, nor the frequent references to the parties themselves for the procurement of the necessary information, will prevent the steady progress, and speedy completion of this impor tant undertaking--one so truly interesting to the Gentry of England. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE AGRICULTURAL As- SOCIATION.-013 Wednesday there was a general meeting of this Association at the White Hart Inn, Aylesbury, to receive the report of the Committee appointed to consider the premiums to be given to the labourers, &e. &c. The Noble President said that he was deeply gratified at being enabled to announce to the meeting that his Majesty had With his usual munificence given him 501. to add to the Erred for the encouragement and relief of the agricultural labourers. He (Lord Chandos) was most happy in being the medium through which the King's gift was conveyed And it must be exceedingly gratifying to the meeting to !mow that the Sovereign approved of the plan which they ba d Proposed. ADDRESS TO THE BISHOP OF GLOUCES• xert.--On Thursday last the Archdeacon of the diocese of Gloucester, support e d by th e D ean , t h e R ev . Dr. Ha ll, and nearly all the clergy of the city and neighbourhood, presented an address to the Bishop, which had been pre viously agreed on at a recent general meeting of the clergy, and which declared a resolution to " withstand, by such Means as becom e the ministers of Christ, all encroach ments on the essential internal polity, or spiritual privi leges of the church." The Rev. Prelate, in his reply to this address, expressed his " entire and full concurrence" in the sentiments it contained. PUBLIC MEETING OF THE CLERGY AND LAITY OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND IN CHELTENHA3I. ---.oa Tuesday last, pursuant to notice, this public meet ing was held in the National School Room, and attended by u pwards of fi ve hundred of the most respectable resi dents of Cheltenham and its vicinity. R. B. Cooper, 4 %4 was in the Chair. Many clergymen addressed the Meeting at length, and a Report of the Provisional Com mittee of the Clergymen of the County of Glouc e ster was read, which was to the effect that they deprecated all in terference with " the fundamental doctrines and essential polity" of the Church. The river Thames, in the neighbourhood of Ha ton, Wal mp m p ton, W ey b ridge, and Chertsey, exhibits at t h e resent moent " a World of deluge. The land i s entirely fl ooded for wate m any r miles. Th ere a," a complete has not been a similar overw for nearly twenty y ears. The navigation above bridge i flo ll Wholly susp e nded. THE NAVAL AND MILITARY LIBRARY OF ENTErrainmENT.---Two Number s of this new and cheap Monthly Library have appeared --: ea7toanlniriog.lCaseeprotevako_ips Marryat's " Naval ~O fficer," each in 3 and l CaPtain " Sailors and Saints, .vo s. lame, bound. The third set, to be .published the ibt f hrnary, will contain the _ , "Tales of Military Life," b T hi s Fe author of the " Military Sketch Book," in 3 vols. new Library of Entertainment, although of especial in terest to the two services, cannot fail to become popular with every class of readers, notis literary excellence. It only on account o f i ts cheap ness, b ut b y reason of its has been justly observed, that " the military are bi vouacked i n th e h eart o f society; they are alike of the constantly in in t he centre o f i ts gayet i es; the sharers full of diversity, and the p er il s o f lif e . Th e i r p rog ress is d with the and their a d ventures are equa ll y tinge marvel lous, th e p at h etic, and the humourous . „ LAW or LIBEL.—We regret to find by the last Cork Reporter, that a clergyman has commenced an or action aga i nst that most useful and excellent pape r f publishing an advertis e m e nt, in which no name was men tioned! ! Damages in this case have been laid at a thou .sand pound s . It certainly is full time that such a state of things should be put an end to.—Dublin Morning Reg. • t The Court of Assizes for the Haute Vienna rithrecently been occupied, for twelve successive days, familye trial of a young man, of a . highly respectable him 01 Z 1 !uperior education, upon an indictment accusing d a will in the name of "ing' in the year 1827, PertY, to t l h 4 e u e nt ' leaving to himself f rhe a g n e wh s o is le ter o s f , her pro flee letters eon/elusion of his brothers . d which h a a n t d e a t l b so e address p o s t rmatory of this will , all Bt-rnarks. He had taken so many letteil actually • tr) h im at p a 's here he was studying meth • clue, and by • ' I ' w writing in ' a ,chytnical process, hay • ing extracted the . the inside, he forged other writing, suited to his nefarious purpose, in its place. Ile was also further indicted for forging a contract for the sale of an estate. The forgeries were proved by able chymists, who repro duced upon the letters' and ei'n.r.,t for sale several letters, and a few words of the oti,z , ruil writing. He was found Runty, and sentenced to so'itAry confinement f)r )1;;Ilt years.—French Paper. The new Lord of the Treasury is not yet named. The reports in circulAtion are without foundation. Lord Howard of Effingham is to be the se conder of the Address in the House of Peers, to he moved by the Dole of Sutherland. Mr. Lefevre, one of the Alembers for Hamp.hire, is to move the Address in the House of Commons. We have beard that Mr. Morrison, who represents Ipswich, is to he t'. seconder. POLITICAL CLUE.—A new club is forming, consisting of Members of the House of Commons totally unconnected with either of the leading parties in the House. About fifty Commoners have inscribed their names as member;, and others are expected to join them before Parliament meets. Neither Mr. Hume nor Mr. O'Connell are members. From the arrangements making in the nu merous gambling-houses at the west end of the town, the proprietors of these rinks of iniquity expect a productive season, and an increase of dupes. Their agents are dis persed among those places where strangers and others arrive, on coming to town, and who endeavour to make acquaintance with the parties, for the purpose of inducing them to visit the gambling_houses, by whom the knives are employed, and where the unfortunate strangers are sure to be fleeced ! Some of the agents get a per centage on the spoil ; and others are paid a weekly salary, as decoys! ALLAN BRECK.—We are requested to state that this new work by the author of " The Subaltern," &e., was published this day, by Mr. Bentley, New Burling ton-street. Agents for Scotland, Messrs. Bell and Brad- fate, Edinburgh; for Ireland, Mr. John Cumming, Dublin. Country orders should be forwarded immediately to the various booksellers to insure its delivery with the Maga zine, on the first day of the month. CALICO PRINTING.—CaIico printing was begun in England in 1690, when a small print-ground was established at Richmond by a Frenchman, probably a refugee. The first large establishment was at Bromley hall, in Essex; and about 1668, the trade was begun in Lancashire, where it is now chiefly carried on. In 1795 a piece of printed calico sold for three guineas, which now, with a very good profit, could be sold for 18s, The ar ticle that in 1811 sold for one guinea, now sells for seven shillings. Four thousand one hundred and seventy-nine rupees is the amount of the subscriptions at Calcutta, on the 22d July towards the erection of a monument at Edinburgh to the intmory of the late Sir Walter Scott, B irt. It has been also resolved that a bust of the lamented Baronet he placed in the Town-hall. THE FAMILY OF BURNS.—Of the family and fame of the poet something should be said. Good and active friends bestirred themselves after his death. Currie munificently wrote his life and edited his works ; Robert, his eldest son, was placed in the stamp-office by Lord Sidmouth ; cadetships in India were generously obtained for William and James by Sir James Shaw, who otherwise largely befriended the family; and Lord Pan mure nobly presented 1001. annually to his widow, till the success of her scns in India enabled them to interpose ; and take—not without remonstrance—that pious duty on themselves. The venerable Mrs. Burns lives in the house ;where her eminent husband died ; all around her has an air of comfort, and she has been enabled to save a small su m out of her annual income; her brother, a London merchant of much revectability, has long interested him self in her affairs; and her brother-in-law, Gilbert, died lately, after having estalilishe4 his family successfully in the world.— Cunningham's Life of Burns. PORT of LONDON.—Notwithstanding the prognostications of the decay of the trade of the port of London, the amount of tonnage entering the port of Lon don is on the increase. At the half yearly meeting of the London Dock Company, held on Friday, the 10th inst., at the dock house, the Chairman state.,l that there was an increase in the shipping which entered the port of Londbil in the year just closed, of 385 ships, of the tonnage of 65,900 tons—that the quantity of merchandize in the London Docks is now greater than at any one period for many years past—which (as the Chairman emphatically said) is a pretty strong answer to the assertions of those who would make us believe that the trade of this, the first port of the world, is on the decline. The facts form a strong and decisive negative to the assertions of many of the speakers at the late shipowner's me,ting, " that if Ministers persevere in their present wild and theoretic line of policy, the whole trade of the country will be ruined." Saturday, during the excavation of a sawpit, on premises in preparation for a deal yard, in William street, the workmen discovered, five feet below the sur face, the remains of a half-decked barge, about forty feet long. The place where it was discovered was but lately a swamp, and must have teen entirely open to the river some time previously.— Waterford Chronicle. SINGULAR VERDICT.—An inquest was recantly held upon the body of a man found in a cellar, where he had taken shelter, in Montreal, and a verdict returned by the Jury that he "Died of Misery." Yesterday an inquest was held at the Horse and Groom, Westminster•road, on the body of John Grif. fith, aged 89. The deceased on Sunday week was crossing Newgate street from Pitnyer-alley, when he was knocked down by an omnibus belonging to Mr. John Boulton, of Paddington. The nervous shock which the old tnaa received no doubt caused his death, as it did not appear he received any material bodily injury. He died on Fri day. There was no blame attributable to the driver, and the Jury returned a ♦erdict of Accidental Death. The day before yesterday, between 11 and 12 o'clock, a tall stout man entered the office of Madame Rousselot, a distributor of stamps, on the first floor at NR. 34, Rue Neuve St. Martin, and asked for stamps. While she was opening her drawer, he forced his arm through the slender wire work in front of her desk, and seized her by the throat, when, alarmed by her cries, the porter of the house came in. The villain was armed with a dagger; and attempted to stab his assailant, but, fortu nately, only wounded him slightly in the hand. The porter retained his presence of mind, and ran and shut the gate in order to prevent his escape. The robber then ran up to one of the higher stories, and stabbed himself in eight different places, but none of his wounds are mortal. He was taken to the hospital of St. Louis, wnere he has undergone an examination.— Galignani's Messenger. Saturday last, the 11th inst., as some gar deners were preparing the ground for planting tree+ on the estate of M. Mazucco, near the cemetery of the hos pital of Clermont, they ftund an ancient tomb, formed of very large bricks, containing the skeleton of what appeared to have been a young woman. It was in fine preservation and the skull retained all the teeth. Hoping to find some treasure, they broke the tomb to pieces and destroyed se seral va,es, lachrymatories, and other articles, which bail been placed around the body ; but M. Alazucco recovered two in tolerably good condition, and two medals in copper, hearing the figure of a female, with the name Antonina. This has given rise to a conjecture that it might have been Antonina, the wife of Belisarius.—Putriote du Puy de Dome. About seven o'clock on Sunday night a fire broke out in a hayloft beltsnging to the premises of Mr. J. Hughes, corn and hay dealer, of 3, Crispin street, Spital 6. ad% and soon communicated to the rear of Mr. Hughes's thou g h fhoruse. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes, and the father of the ° mer, on being aroused by the alarm of fire, rushed immarndetnhoe house, and were so overcome by fear that they The neighter:ri :tempt to save any portion of the pit,perty, al rooms were wholly untouched uy the fire. some Propert s afterwards entered the house, and rescued ariive Y d , but it was much damaged. The engines having Mr. Robinson, and u l l " ; the house of wi l° . time, u the principal loss was confined to street, were injured. but the adjoining dwelling of he rear of three houses in Dorset roe origin of the fire cannot be discovered. Mr. and Sun offices. Hugh es i s insured in the Hand in Hand WHITE ANTS OF T' I E BRAZILS.—The y l ' ' '' ch following account of a singular the white ant of Para, is give naob n oyance occasioned by " A feeling of unpleasant _chill recent traveller:— , which extended ri g ht across our bodies, awoke us one night, WCO f felt about us in the dark, and discovered a cold, rea ,,, W sy ,di ng mass, swarming onwards across the bed, It as formed b a myriad train of termites ; and the linear space which they y occupied, running upon and against each other at all poi nts, was eiAliteen inches wide. They followed their beStin straight line, without suffering themselves to be disturbed by the tate of those which preceded them, and had been killed by the application of hot water. There was no end to th e march of these insects until break of day, by which time the slain had accumulated to a large basketful. Fortu nately, they found nothing in the aparttnent which could attract their voracity; some old paintings only had been stripped of ;heir colours and eanvasa,"....illirror. PORTUGAL. (From the Times Private Correspondent.) LISBON, JAN. 18. Upon comparing the copies of my letters of the 12th and 13th instant with the notes which I daily take of any thing that occurs, I find that I omitted to add, with re ference to what Admiral Napier said as to his not wishing the present Mini►try to be changed, that he thought it ought to be extended. By the Clironica of the 17th you will find that my in formation, under date of the 13th, respecting Saldanha's having moved forward with 5,000 men was correct. Upon the 15th he took Leyria, and out of a garrison of 1,476 infantry, and 40 horse, very few escaped—according to reports not 150 altogether. Four pieces of,cannon fell into the hands of Donna Maria's troops, and I must add for your government, that, if I am well informed, in his pri vate letter to the Minister he says, " You will he disap pointed at the number of prisoners not being larger; but my troops were so bent on revenge that it was some time before I could force them to give quarter." This event has given general satisfaction, and I think I may prepare you for further news in the course of a few days; but whe ther the move will be on Coimbra or Abrantes I cannot venture to affirm, although I am led to believe that it will be on the former place. The Duke of Terceira has 11,683 men, independent of Saldanha's division ; and of course no account is taken here of the troops at Oporto, Setubal, Peniche, the Algarves, Marvao, and in this capital. Don Miguel's men begin to feel a scarcity of that which always tends to support the Portuguese and Spaniards in the midst of every privation—l mean tobacco, and where they will get it from, unless it be from Spain, I know not. 1 mentioned in my last that the appointment of the Duke of Terceira had given great satisfaction to all, and I can state upon very good authority that the Conde do Porto Santo has to a great extent changed his opinions respecting the present Ministers, and particularly with regard to M. de Silva Carvalho, who he conceives has his country's good at heart, and a sine: re wish to improve it in every respect. The Conde do Porto Santo is considered to be one of the very principal members of what is here c died the Pahnella or moderate party. He was the Duke of Palmella's colleague at the Congress of Vienna, and has been Minister at several Courts, &c. ; he further was appointed President of the Municipal Camara of Lisbon last July, when the Duke entered it with the liberating forces : this appointment gave umbrage to many of the Liberals, because they conceived that the Conde do Porto was rather an enemy to any kind of representative government, and I therefore deem this change in his sen timents as an event of the most vital importance at this moment. The Count, from every thing I heir, is a man of talents, and a respectable member of society. Although with very great diffidence, from the delicacy of the question, I venture to give you the results of my inquiries regarding Don Pedro, and as 1 hereafter shall see reason to alter my opinion one way or the other, so will I be free to state the same in my subsequent communica tions. In the first place, it is not generally thought that he entertains the least idea of becoming the Sovereign of this country, and much less so that of any neighbouring state ; all admit his heroic conduct at Oporto, his courage and willingness to undergo any privation there, when his expenses during all the siege did not exceed 2,5001., although he oaten entertained his generals and others at dinner. He of course feels the effect of the want of educa tion, and having been from his early years accustomed to command in the Brazils, he is petulant, and this very pe tulance, or call it, if you will, quickness of disposition, in duces many people to think him violent. It is said of him that he speaks his mind with more frankness thin a sove reign, or, indeed, any courtier should do,which often creates him enemies, but that be always speaks the truth. Natwith standing that Oporto was suffering all the horrors of a siege, he would only allow of six punishments with death taking place, and even these because they were soldiers, and the discipline of the army required it. Respecting, his political sentiments, people who ought to know him well say, that he is from his heart fond of liberal institutions ; and some go so far ae to say, that perhaps he even carries his ideas in this respect too far. I will add, that from my own observation, the guard on duty at his palace does not ex ceed 42 men, and that these are not troops, but volunters, inhabitants of this town. He goes out, and walks about the rreet., with only one attendant; and I have seen him, Donna Maria, and the Duchess of Braganza re'urning home from the Opera at half-past 11 at night without one single guard as an escort, and his doing this in such strt ets as those of Lisbon, containing 210,000 inhabitants, goes a great way to convince me that he is not disliked by any great portion of the people. lie is very easy of access to every one ; and I am told that lie is determined to stand by his presem Ministers. In my next I will give you some details regarding the Ministers Freire, Aguiar, and Margioqui. General Macdonald, who had the command of Don Mi guel's army, has given it up, and was on the 11th at Fi gueira, wishing to embark. By the newspapers which I have sent you, you will per ceive that the number of deserters continues on the in cr,ase ; and from the Setubal letter, which I subjoin, we may infer that those who present themselves here are only such as belong to the regular troops, as the Royalist Vo. lunteers return to their homes direct without presenting themselves to any one. You will also observe that during the last four months no less than upwards of 20,500 pipes of wine have been exported from Oporto, 19,370 of which are for England, and I am assured that the profits thereon this season are very large. Although the house of Omerod and Co. have only shipped 86 pipes, it appears that they had 4,000 pipes in store, a great part of which they have resold at a good profit to ot er shippers. You will likewise observe the decree under date the 11th inst., in order that the troops may, from the Ist of this month, receive all their pay in cash, without any dis• count whatever; also the speech of the Chairman of the Tribunal of Commerce, upon the opening of the same for the present year, from which it would appear that the merchants are much satisfied with their new code of laws and regulations. Also a confirmation of what I stated to you in the latter part of my letter of the 12th, respecting a fresh success obtained by Donna Maria's troops in Marvao. You will hardly believe that there are some days when the newspapers here do not appear till two or three o'clock in the afternoon, although the understanding is that they shall he delivered to the public about 8 o'clock in the morning ; so that if these people had to publish a journal of the size of the Times, it would probably take them rather more than ten days to prepare it. The Conde de Figueira, who was Don Miguel's Am bassador at Madrid, but who returned to his house here some time since, and was living very quietly, has taken himself off, it is asserted, within these few days, to Don Miguel's head-quarters, without any cause being assigned, and this is the more astonishing, as the Miguelite cause is decidedly on the wane. On the 13th instant an inventory was taken by M. Es candon, a secret agent of the Spanish Government here, the Spanish Consul, and his Vice- Consul, of all the effects l:elonging to Dun Carlos and the Infanta, which are in the Consul's custody, and which, notwithstanding everything that has been said in the London papers to the contrary, have, I am assured, never been interfered with by this Go vernment. TLe object of the above proceeding is not known. I cannot but think that this Government proc.eds with very great moderation in tolerating the presence of M. Escandon in this town, where it is well known that he makes himself very busy in spreading all manner of unfavourable reports to Donna Maria's cause. The Spanish Cmsul has lately received a letter from the Minister Zea regarding three Spaniards who lately came here from France, from the contents of which it is very easy to perceive how very partial he still is towards Don Miguel. The other evening I was zit the hal; given by the Assam- Idea E'xtranxeira (say the Foreign Club), which was well attended by between 450 and 500 persons of distinction. Every praise must be bestowed on the members of the dub for their judicious arrangements. The Royal Family were prevented from attending in consequence of the death of the Princess Mary, at Santarem, the report of which I communicated to you in my last. I saw at the above ball the Conde de Taipa, who is reported to be an amiahle man, but whose looks certainly are rather wild. lam told that the Ministers have signified to him that he may safely walk about the streets or anywhere else, as they will not take any further notice of him or his letters. The case of the Joseph and William, Thomas Mahony master, captured on the 2d of October last, came on be fore the Admiralty-court on the 13th instant, when, upon the grounds which you will find detailed in yesterday's Chronica, she was declared a good prize. I am assured that one of the Peers, called the Conde de San Miguel, who is stated to be a Miguelite, is suspected of being the author of many of the unfavourable reports which sometimes have circulated here, as well as a very active agent of discord wherever he can introduce it. Not even knowing the individual by sight, I give you the re port just as I got it. About fourteen Belgians or Irish are stated to have de serted to the enemy some twelve days since from the Al garve., The troops are well and regularly paid now, and I am assured that Captain Crosby, of the navy, has received all that was doe to him, and two years' pay in addition, upon his leaving the service, agreeably to the agreement origi nally entered into between him and Admiral Sartorius. I have only time to add, that the details of the affair at Leyria have just been published, and I annex the Chronica of this day, containing them, where you will perceive that the business was done by the cavalry under the gallant Brigadier-General Bacon, of whose conduct upon this occasion 1 am told that Count Saldanha writes in the highest admiration in his private letter to the Minister at War. From the number of prisoners it wou'd appear that nearly the whole of the enemy's troops have been put to the sword. The prevailing fever at Santarem continues on the in crease. SETUBAL, JAN. 14. The Miguelites, who we thought were coming towards this place, have gone in the direction of Mon , enior ; two o f our soldiers, who were their prisoners for some days, and attempted to run away from Palma, were retaken by them and shot, being attended to the place of execution by that monster Father Casimiro, the monk. The whole corps of Royalists of Monsarras and Moura have all abandoned Don Miguel's cause and returned to their homes. Z. A. EXTRACT OF ANOTHER LETTER, DATED LISBON, JAN. 18. I have this moment seen the despatch from the Conde le Saldanha, reporting the capture of the important town Leyria. It was garrisoned by about 1,470 infantry and 50 cavalry, all of whom were put to the sword or made prisoners, with the exception of an officer or two, and half a dozen of the cavalry. Saldanha was moving on Coimbra when his despatch came away, and would within a few days leave us a free communication with Oporto. Two vessels of war are preparing to start for Figueira to act in concert with him, and the steamer George IV. will also proceed to Oporto, with various supplies for the army, to enable them to move against Aveiro. At Santarem the Miguelites are suffering more than ever from sickness, and it is probable will very shortly be compelled to move to the southward. The Constitutionalists have 11,000 men watching them—quite sufficient to drive them upon the ter ritory of Spain, as soon as they sally from behind their walls. We extract from the Chronicu Constitucional of Lisbon of the 18th, General Saldanha's despatch, con taining the official details of the important military ope ration by which he obtained possession of Leyria on the 15th instant. The blank left at the commencement of the translation is an accident, owing to our correspondent, who, to diminish the charge for postage, has cut off the margins of the pipers to be forwarded. In the present instance the scissors have carried away a line from the bottom of one of the pages of the Chronica. The de spatch is addressed to "The Minister for the Affairs of War." " Having on the 12th transferred the command to the Duke of Terceira, I proceeded on the same day to Rio Mayor, whither upon Leyria. On the 13th the cavalry occupied the woods, and the infantry the mills and adjoining villages. Lieute nant-Colonel Vasconcellos, whom I had ordered to be re inforced by the Ist Regiment of Light Infantry of the Line, marched at the same time for Cos. On the fol lowing day he established himself at Famqurira, and 1 entered 13atalha. The heavy rain, which had fallen for more than forty.eight hours without the least interruption, had swollen brooks into rivers. The Lena appeared like the Tagus. Nevertheless, such was the order of our brave troops, that the commanders of the columns catne to represent to me that their men begged to be led on against Leyria, and to be allowed to attack that city forthwith, as they were afraid the rebels might escape us. I did not accede to their request, because 1 bad already made a reconnoissance up to the enemy's pickets, and was aware of the difficulties which the ground opposed to a night march, and because I had every reason to, believe that the enemy was then resolved to wait fur us ib his intrenclasents. I therefore postponed the attack until the following day. Lieutenant-Colonel Vasconcellos was ordered to march by the highway with the third column, fifty of the 10th cavalry, and the whole of the artillery. The second column, commanded by Colonel Xavier, reinforced by the Ist regiment of the Queen's Light Infantry, 50 cavalry, and the rocket brigade, was ordered to attack by the Batalba road. I marched with the cavalry, commanded by Brigadier Bacon, and the first column, commanded by Brigadier Schwalbach. We passed the Liz by the Cavaileiro's bridge, and thence proceeded to Vidigal, in order to get into the road which leads from Coimbra to Leyria. The second column was to commence its attack when the fire of the first should he heard, and the third was to begin at the same time as the second. " When Colonel Xavier approached the city, the enemy formed on the outside of the irstrenchments to wait for him ; but two companies of the sth Cacadores, which he ordered to advance upon the rebels, soon made them fall back. Here a corporal of this battalion was wounded. "No sooner was the enemy informed that we had passed the Civalleiro's bridge, then he resolved to retreat, thus shamefully abandoning the excellent position of the Castel, which had been connected with the Bishop's Palace by a prolonged parapet, on which the arti:lery of the largest calibre were mounted and pointed at us ; but it was now too late. From the village of Poisos we saw his movement along the Coimbra road. Brigadier Bacon, with two squadrons of the 10th Cavalry, com manded by Lieutenant-Colonel Siena() da Costa Pessoa, and a squadron of Lancers, commanded by Captain Don Carlos Mavarenhas, advanced upon the enemy at a trot, and as soon as they came up with him the route was complete; the enemy had scarcely time to fire from 30 to 40 shots, which did us little harm. Our cavalry rode on to the distance of a league beyond the Machados, in pur suit of the mounted officers and the cavalry, of whom only five or six escaped. The Quartermaster-General Bal. thazar de Almeida Pimento!, Major Barreiros, Major Matta, Major Luiz de Mello Breyner, Major Guillet, Captain Jervis, and Lieutenant Don Miguel Ximenes, had a fresh opportunity of dying their swords in rebel blood. " Colonel Xavier and Lieut.-Colonel Vasconcellos being informed that the city was evacuated, entered it immedi.. ately, and sent the cavalry of their columns in pursuit of the enemy. Lieut.-Colonel Vasconcellos occupied the castel, and detached a force on the Figueira road. Col. Xavier with the sth battalion, and also Brigadier Schw•albach with his column, advanced with the greatest rapidity, evincing their ardent zeal to come to blows with the enemy, but their efforts were abortive, for though the enemy posted sharp-shooters on each side of the road, our brave cavalry swept everything before them. " Enclosed your Excellency will find a list of the names of the officers taken, and also of those who have deserted to us; and as soon as I receive the report of the officers who commanded the columns, I shall transmit to you the names of the officers who most distinguibed themselves on this occasion. Lieutenant Don Miguel Ximenes is intrusted with the standard taken from the rebels, which he will ptesent to his Majesty. .6 I pray your Excellency, &c., " Conde de SALDANHA. " Head-quarters, at Leyris, Jan. 16. " To the most illustrious and excellent Senhor Agostinho Joie Friere." The lists referred io in the above despatch are given in the Ch? (mica. Among the t,risoners are the Go vernor of Leyria, a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Chaves Militia, three Majors, two Captains, four Ensigns. A separate return is made for the 4th battalion of Lisbon Royalists, which was stationed at Leyria, and in that list there are two Captains (one a Captain Mar), and two Ensigns. To these are added 107 sergeants, cor porals, lance-corparals, and privates. The list of de serters from Don Miguel enumerates a Captain of Cavalry, three Ensigns, and several privates. SUDDEN DEATH.—On Tuesday afternoon last, Henry Greenlees, of Rochdale, was standing smoking his pipe, when information was brought to him that his son was fighting. The shock bad such an effect upon him, that he fell forwards and died in a few minutes.— Macclesfield Courier. THE SWAN WITH TWO NECKS.-ThiS sign has long been an object of mystery to the curious in these affairs; but this mystery has been explained satisfactorily by the alteration of a single letter. The sign was origi nally written "The Swan with two Nicks," the meaning of which we find to be thus fully elucidated in a commu nication to the Antiquarian Society by the late Sir Joseph Banks. At a meeting of the Antiquar ian Society, held in the year 1810, Sir Joseph Banks presented a curious roll of parchment, exhibiting the marks or nicks, made in the beaks of swans and cygnets, in the rivers and lakes of Lin colnshire, accompanied with an account of the privileges of certain persons for keeping swans in these waters, and the duties of the King's swanherd in guarding these fowls against depredators; also, for regulating their marks, and for preventing any two persons from adopting the same figures and marks on the bills of their swans. The num ber of marks, or nicks, contained in the parchment roll, amounte.l to 219, every one of which was distinct, al though confined to the small extent of the bill of the swan. The outline was an oblong square, circular at one end, and contaiog dots, notches, arrows, or such like figures, in order to constitute a difference in the marks of swans belonging to different individuals.—Licensed Victualler's Masuzine. GERMAN PAPERS. NUREMBURG, JAN. 19.—The corps of troops levied for the Grp ek service amounted, fin the 16th instant, to 2,801; 1.742 of them are already in Greece. The others are preparing to follow. The column of volunteers who left Munich on the 25th of September I Ist, arrived on the sth of December, in good condition, at Navarin. The ships which conveyed them bring back the battalion of the 6th Bavarian regiment of the line. The most satis factory accounts are gi‘ en of the state of things in Greece, and the unfavourable accounts that have been spread, partly through malevolence, partly through ignorance, are declared to be absolute fictions. There never was greater tranquillity in the cauntry than now, when the taxes are moderate, and the citizens and peasants can follow, without molestation, trade and agriculture; where the weak and the strong, the high and the low, enjoy the same freedom and the same protection from the laws, and the public authority be comes daily more firmly consolidated. The gradual return of the auxiliary troops, is itself a proof that the Government does not need extraordinary aid to maintain its authority.—Nuremburg Co rrespondent, Jan, 20. (From the Austrian Observer.) CONSTANTINOPLE, DEC. 31.—The latest accounts from Persia, announcing the death of Abbas Mirza, eldest son of the Shah, added that the Shah himself was dan gerously ill, and the news of his death was daily looktd for; but should that event happen, no disturbance is ex pected, hut everything authorizes the hope that the son of Abbas Mirza would succeed his grandfather without the smallest opposition. The accounts from the Black Sea and the Archipelago, respecting the shipwrecks that took place in the dreadful storm of the 15th inst., are very melancholy. Among other casualties is that of the Captain of the English cutter the Spitfire, which goes every month from Constantinople to Smyrna, who was washed overboard (with some pas sengers who were on deck), and swallowed up by the waver. The cutter itself arrived here, with part of the crew, extremely damaged, and with its mast broken. The capital is tranquil and every thing has returned to its old course. The Sultan's whole attention is engaged in the exercise of the troops. He expects several in structors from France and Italy and intends then to order levies in the provinces. A new organisation of the army seems to be contemplated. A kind of colonisation is to be introduced in some places, for instance, in Aria, which is expected to render a great reduction of the ex penditure practicable, a point which deserves the conside ration of the Porte, whose finances are certainly the worst in the world. It is matter of surprise how the adminis tration can go on when we consider the inadequate re sources which the Treasury has at its command and the enormous expenses which it has to defray. VIENNA, JAN. 17.—Five per Cent. Metalliques, 95 9-16 ; Four per Cent., 86 ; Bank Shares, 1,229 4.5. —Allgerneine Zeitung, Jan. 22. DECISION OF THE BENCHERS OF THE INNER-TEMPLE ON MR. HARVEY'S CASE. (From the Essex Mercury.) Inner Temple, Bench Tall e, Thursday, Jan. 23. At a special meeting of the Mate s of the Bench of this Society, to take into consideration the renewed application of Daniel Whittle Harvey, Esq., to be called to the bar, accompanied by a copy of his petition to the Judges, PRESENT, Edmund Henry Lushington, Esq., Treasurer, Joseph Jekyll, Esq. Henry Bickersteth, Esq. Sir James Scarlett, Kt. John Williams, Esq. Sir Charles Wetherell, Kt. Frederick Pollock, Esq. William Harrison, Esq. Horace Twiss, Esq. Sir Alexander Croke, Kt; The Hon. Charles Ewan Law The Rt. Hon. Sir Edward Hyde Thomas Coltman, Esq. East, Bart. Francis Ludlow Holt, Esq. Sir Robert Baker, Kt. Henry Hall Joy, Esq. John Wyatt, Esq. Philip Courtenay, Esq. The Hon. Sir George Rose, Kt. , i i nto Upon ta ki ng cons i derat i on tne renewed application of Mr. Daniel Whittle Harvey to be called to the Bar, and the evidence adduced in support of the same, and tLe ar guments of the learned counsel thereon, It is unanimously re-olved—" That the Bench do not see any sufficient reason to alter the resolution of the Bench communicated to Mr. Harvey by the Treasurer of the So. ciety, on the 13th November, 1821, against his applica tion to be called to the Bar." EDWARD H. MARTIN, Sub-Treasurer. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY.) FROM LLOYD'S. DEAL, JAN. 27.—Wind W. by S., moderate.— Arrived and sailed for the river, the Warblington, Crosby, from the Mauritius, sailed Oct. 5, and from St. Helena, Nov, 30; on Dec. 13, spoke the City of Edinburgh from London for Van Diemen's Land, out 24 days, in lat. 30 N. long. 21 W., crew and passengers all well; on the 17th sphe the William Shand, from Lisbon for Rio Ja neiro, out 26 days, in lit. 4, N. long. 21 W. ; on the 21st instant iu a gale at S.W., passed the Paul Pry schoon..r, reaching under storm sails to the N.W., lat. 47. 25., N. long. 13. 43. W. ; arrived the Goshawk, from Neweistle for Demerara, and Elizi Davison, from Landon for Valparaiso, and both remain ; and the Alic-Alas, for Boston from London, passed. The outward bound re main all well. PORTSI.IOUTH, JAN. 27.—Wind W., a hard gale.— Arrived the Montreal, Champlin, from New York. PLYMOUTH. JAN, 26.—Wind S.W. FALMOUTH, JAN. 26.—Wind W.S.W., strong breezes and squilly. MARGATE, JAN. 27.—Arrived cff port the Mic-Mae, Tobias, from Boston. DOVER, JAN. 27.—Arrived off port the Petrus, Tripp, from Java—sailed the 20th of OctAer. LIVERPOOL, JAN. 26.—Arrived the Galatea, Tagt, from Mauritius; and Louisa, Sandford, from Laguna. YARMOUTH ROADS, JAN. 27.—Arrived the Urania, Mearns, from St. Petersburgh. PENZANCE, JA N. 26.—The Master of the Scilly packet boat has just returned the mail bags for the thirtieth time, without being able to get across with it. The Sneaton Castle, Garbutt, from Liverpool to York, was abandoned at sr a the 29th ult. The Wellington, Keller, from North America to Cork, is lost near Boston—three of the crew drowned. The BrusQelaer, Juisens, from Portugal, was abandoned off Belle Isle previous to the 23d inst., Leing water-logged. The Elizabeth, Prentice, from Stockholm to London, put into Hsrwich, leaky, after being on the Cork Sand. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TAT7'ERSALL'S. DERBY.—Very little was said about any of the princi pal favourites yesterday, and still less dune. Bentley was backed privately at 7 to 1 in fiities ; but this can sea rely lie called the market price, as nothing else was done at that quotation ; the same party t ffered to take 18 to 1 about Delirium. Viator was backed at 25 to 1, and G:encoe at 40 to 1. Ail the others remain as our last. We are enabled to announce the death of Colonel Peel's Bee-in-a-Bunnet colt ; the information reached us some days brick, hut not in an authentic shape. OAKS.--600 to 100 was taken about Cotillon, and offers were made to take 6 to 5 between her and Rosalie. ST. LEGER. —9 to 1 offered aget Warlaby Baylock, but nothing done, as his friends refused to take less than 10 to 1. John Scott's lot were to leave Melton on Sunday fur Newtnarket ; it consists of 11 horses belonging to Lord Citesterfiald and Mr. Walker, and includes Mussulman, D.1,1;0n,, Cutill-2, Anne, Gittuctic4, &c. Pak y will arrive about the middle of ntxt week. The Epsom Coursing Meeting will take place on Tues day and Wednesday next. THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) HAY MA RKETS.—t At per Load of 36 Trusses.) CUMBERLAND. Supply rather limited, trade rather dun, and prices barely stationary. . . Coarse bevy Lowland Meadow Hay £3 10 to £:3 15 Kew Meadow Hay 0 0 0 0 Useful Old Ditto 4 0 4 4 Fine Upland Meadow and ltye-grass Hay 4 6 4 10 Clover Hay 4 5 5 0 Oat Straw £1 Bto X 1 10 1 Wheat Straw ... 1 10 J 13 SMITHFIELD. A short supply, and a dull trade; prices as last quoted. Coarse heavy t...wiadd Meadow Hay 43 0 to £3 5 New Meadow Hay 0 0 0 0 Useful Old Ditto 3 5 3 1 5 Fine Upland Meadow and Rye-grass Hay 4 0 4 4 Clover Hay ... ay(eltira6titnoe. l 8 ) c ......E 5 1 O vv ...ge a n t erlly Straw 1 3 10 10 41 1315 4 FAMINE IN THE CRIMEA.—Count Woron sow has set out from Odessa for K a therinoslaw, where the famine had already given rise to serious consequences. P ng t° t Y ree ° o l Mr. A ßo f o e r w ne, d o a f y E s r s p i i n ng c h e a , m a , s wa a . m mp a p n in i g n an t d he pr e u M ni he discovered that a rabbit had deposited her young on the top of an anci e nt elm pollard, at the height of ten or eleven feet from the ground. The twit: of the tree being decayed, the little animal is supposed to have climbed the hollow, but her ascent must have been attended with great difficulty. —.Norfolk Chronicle. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Colonel Torrens, who several years ago wrote by far the ablest pamphlet which has yet appeared on the corn laws and corn trade, has just pub lished a short volume or pamphlet On Wages and Combination," being, as he tells us, a frag ment of a larger unpublished work on the finan cial and commercial resources of the country. In giving to the world this acute and ingenious publication, in present circumstances, Colonel Torrens has conferred a real benefit on the working classes, and through them on the corn inunity at large. Though it contains nothing particularly new in point of doctrine or illustra tion, it subjects some received opinions to a more rigorous analysis than any through which they have vet passed, and establishes acknow ledged principles on a surer basis of reasoning anti demonstration. At the same time its lan guage, though rigidly strict and scientific, is so perspicuous as to be generally intelligible, and if extensively read and understood in the manufacturing districts, or among the Trade's Unions to which it seems more particularly addressed, it cannot fail to produce extensive good. We need scarcely remind persons ob servant of " the signs of the times," that the great body of the operative or manufacturing classes of this country are (thanks to the diffu sion of education and the spread of independent principles) not so likely as formerly to be led by mere authority, or to abandon their own judgment or prejudices at the command of their superiors in station, rank, or fortune. They are accustomed to read, reason, and examine for themselves; they form extensive local associa tions, in which their own peculiar interests and their relation to their employers form the topics of intense, if not of passionate discussion; they must have principles to which they can ap peal, in these discussions, whether these princi ples be right or wrong,—whether they tend to the consolidation of order or to the disorganization of society; and it is therefore of extreme importance that on questions which involve their welfare they should he guided by enlightened men, who con sult their real advantage without flattering their errors, ar.d who can ultimately put them in the way of walking safely and surely without a guide. Nor is it so difficult as is sometimes represented to make these principles perfectly intelligible to the active and inquiring minds which take the lead in these unions, or to state them in such a way as to command their general assent or conviction. Though often overlaid with pedantic jargon, and mixed with exploded sophistry by pretended philosophers, they are seized upon with effect by the strong intellects of the working classes, as would be seen by the letter from the able workmen of Sheffield to Mr. Owen, which we lately published. A great de sideratum in the literature of the workshop and the factory at the present crisis has been supplied by Colonel Torrens in this short manual of the principles which regulate wages, and in this examination of the effects of com binations to raise or depress them. The application of these principles to the policy of Mr. Fielden's plan for limiting the time of adult as well as infant labour to eight hours a-day, and to the disastrous results of the corn monopoly, show what powerful aid the rigorous demonstrations of science can always lend to the dictates of good sense, and how flimsy the sophistry of interest or of prejudice appears when opposed to the penetrating scrutiny of real knowledge. In examining the effect of combi nations on wages, our author first discuss - es the alleged or supposed conspiracies of employers to reduce wages, and shows nearly to demonstra tion the impossibility of such an enterprise on any considerable scale, or its total impractica bility if attempted. In speaking of the Derby Unions, it will be remembered that we ad vanced the same principle, without having had room to develop the train of reasoning from which it is deduced. The demonstration is plain and simple. If such a combination to depress wages were established, and were successful, it is clear that it must be fol lowed by an immediate rise of profits. These profits, then, must be employed by the masters, not in adding to their capital, hut in increasing their unproductive consumption, for this obvious reason—that if the increased profits were added to the capital employed in business, the masters must bid against each other for labourers, and the combination would be instantly broken up. The existence of the combination would thus depend on a condition to be agreed to by all the employers of labour to devote the whole of their increased profits to immediate enjoyment. Co lonel Torrens shows the moral impossibility of this among the whole employers of labour in a country, as it would involve the necessity of no farmer extending his cultivation, and of no manufacturer increasing his transaction, with his enhanced profits ; as it would, moreover, presuppose that no moneyd capitalists, bankers, or merchants, traders, annuitants, or landed proprietors, should employ their resources in paying for additional labour, but should like wise combine to oppress the labourer, and to injure themselves; and, lastly, as it would in volve the condition that no foreign capital was introduced to take advantage of higher profits and to bid for more labour. It is satisfactory, therefore, to think, and it cannot be ;oo oilen brought before the attention of the working classes as a consolatory fact, that such an abo minable conspiracy to oppress tie. more nu merous body of society, and to extend human misery, is totally impossible, or, at any rate, .ac. ally impracticable. On the other hand, combinations to raise wages, if they could be effectual, would be a great blessing, as they would promote the well-being and happiness of the most num e rou s c l asses o f th e community. It is, therefore, of immense importance, and of great practical utility, to ascertain whether they can produce such an effect on the permanent re muneration of the labourer and the artisan. The principles which our author establishes on this point appear to us to be equally just and lo gically deduced. The minimum of wages being the lowest remuneration on which the labourer can support his strength and continue climate o r t e r a c c u e of lab s tomso o r t' labourers, country according in which I t v o h c he h he resides, and the maximum of wages being that which N.,id the ici m e absorbs ie the prelos ‘ vrystli,oe him, productions ntne:etoss arerypto replace ay hisem ployer or hcis i t st r beyol capital Ih his advanc es , an d to y i e ld t h e l east pro fi t on which the latte r cou ld cont i nue hi s b us i ness , e the i it follows that where these two points do not ac tually coincide (which they might do, were profits and wages both at their lowest ebb), and where the existing rate of wages occupies . a place on the scale between them, that acombmation of workme n m i g ht ra ise wages to their maximum, provided the supply of labour did not increase, d provided the country did not depend on foreign markets. But the great peculiarity of