The Sun. — London, England, 1861-10-29 00:00:00

TEE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE MIDDLE TEMPLE. The followiwr are the official regulations connected with the. visit Royal Highness the Prince of Wales to the Temple on Thu: shay next : Guests, visiters. and membn . s of the Middle Temple, to be admitted on exhibiting their cards of invitation or admis sion at the 'ate of Whitefriars, or, if on toot, at the gate at the head of Middle Temple-lane or Inner Temple-lane. There will be no admission to the Temple without a ticket. Carriages to enter at Whitebiars-,gata, Temple-street, and to set down at the Middle Temple-halt, and afterwards to proceed up Middle Temple-lane into Pleet-street. Carriages to fall into line in the area before King's Bench walk. .arnk es. in taking . . up, to re-enter at Whitetriars-gate— to take up at Middle Templc-hall--and to leave the Temple by Middle Temple-lane. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales is expelted to arrive at 2 p.m. A parliament will thereupon be held in the New Parlia ment Chamber, and at its close the library will be cormally opened. An Address will be presented to his Royal High ss in the library. At 3 p.m., after'the library shall have been opened, there will be a short choral service in the Temple Church. At 4 there will be a dejeuner in the hail, and in the pavi lion in Fountain-court. Barristers will be placed in the hall according to seniority, as far as practicable. Barristers who may not get places in the hall, and students, will be placed in the pavilion according to seniority, as far as practicable. At six a conversazione will take place in the new library. Admission by tickets only. Each member will receive a ticket to admit him to the dejeuner, indicating his place at table, and whether it be in the hall or in the pavilion. This ticket will likewise be avail able for the conversazione. Tickets will likewise be (riven to as many members as the space will allow, to admit to the interior of the library on the occasion of the opening ; or to the service in the church. There will be accommodation for a limited number of ladies in the library, in the church, and in the gallery of the hall. Ladies' admission tickets will be issued. There will likewise be refreshments for ladies in the Parliament Chamber, and in the library in the evening Tickets will be re a dy for. distribution on Tuesday, 29th October. The treasury office will be closed on the 31st October dur ing the entire day. COSTUME. Benehers to wear forensic levee costume. Barristers to appear in forensic costume over evening dress. Students to appear in evening dress and gown. Ladles are not required to appear otherwise than in morning dress. Gentlemen at tending the conversazione to appear in evening dress. There will be a guard of honour, composed of members of the Inns of Court Corps. They will partake of the dej e uuer in the pavilion in uniform, without gown and wig. p ANK OF DEPOSIT. (Established A.D. 1844.) 'No. 3, PALL MALL EAST, LONDON. Prospectuses and Forms for Opening Accounts sent free on application. PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. ANNUITIES. NATIONAL ASSURANCE AND INVESTMENT ASSOCTAT TON, 3, PALL-MALL EAST, LONDON. Empowered by Special Act of Parliament, 17 Vic., cap. 43. ESTABLISHED A.D. 1814. IMMEDIATE ANNUITIES granted on very favourable terms. The Tables for Reversionary and Deferred Annuities are particularly deserving of attention, whether regarded as a means of providing for a particular individual, or as a re source against the casualties of age and the uncertainties of health and fortune. PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. Prospectuses sent free on application. OYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road. Patron—The QUEEN. This hospital is entirely devoted to destitution in its most pitiable form, viz., that which is accompanied by sickness and disease, and is now of sufficient magnitude that, with adequate support, it may be rendered capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of the casual sick of this Erred metropolis. It requires but the fundsece in order to have 500 beds immediately available for the rption of these the most wretched of our fellow-creatures. Moreover, in ad dition to its in-patients, it gratuitously affords medical ad vice and medicine to more, on the average, than 2,000 out patients a week. Contributions are earnestly solicited, and are received by the Treasurer, Edward Mas terman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co.;• Drummond and Co. ; Henrie s an d Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; Glyn and Co.; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Bar clay and Co. ; Denison and Co. • Williams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co.; Nis'bet and Co., Berners-street ; Messrs. J. Banned and Co , Liverpool ; and at the Hospital. STANFORD S. SMITH, Set rrHE INDUS STEAM FLOTILLA The Directors are prepared to receive applications for DEBENTURES, at par, bearing interest at 5 per cent, per annum, guaranteed by the Secretary of State for India in Council. The Debentures nre for five years, and may be renewed for a further term of five years, at the same rate of interest. The Debentures may be converted into Indus Steam Flotilla Capital Stock at the option of the holder. T B OfIAS BI KNELL, Secretary. Indus Steam Ftotilla Office, Gresham House, Old Broad-street, Sept. 25, 1861. V. R.—ARMY CONTRACTS. Commissariat, South Camp, Aldershot, October 10, 1861. TENDERS will be Received at this Office until Noon on Monday, November 4 next, from Persons who may be willing to enter into Contracts to Supply FLOUR FOR HOSPITAL BREAD, in such quantities as may be required, from December 1,1861, to May 31, 1862, for the use of her Majesty's Land Forces sta tioned at ALDERSHOT CAMP, And within the Command. Porms of Tender, and Conditions of Contract, may be ob tained on application at this Office, by letter or in person, between the hours of Ten and Four o'clock. Tenders on the printed forms must be properly filled up and signed, and delivered at this Office, under closed enve lope, marked on the outside "Tender for Flour for Hospital Bread," and no Tender will be noticed unless made on Forms obtained from this Office. (Signed) ALFRED SELWEY, Deputy Commissary-General. V. R.—ARMY CONTRACTS. Commissariat, South Camp, Aldershot, October 10, 1861. TENDERS will he received at this Offi ce un til Noon on Monday, November 4, 1861, from persons who may be willing to enter into Contracts to supply FLOUR AND MEAT, in such quantities as may be required, from December 1,1861, to May 31, 186?, for the use of her Majesty's Land Forces at ALD ER SHOT CAMP, And within the Command. Separate Tenders are required for Flour and for Meat. Forms of Tender and Conditions of Contract may be ob tained on application at this Office, by letter or in person, be tween the hours of Ten and Four o'clock. Tenders on the printed Forms must be properly filled up, and signed, and delivered at this Office, under closed enve lope, marked on the outside "Tender for Commissariat Sup plies," and no Tender will be noticed unless made on Forms obtained from this Office. (Signed) ALFRED SALWEY, Deputy Commissary-General. V. R.—ARMY CONTRACT. Commissariat, South Camp, Aldershot, October 10, 1861. SEALED TENDERS will b e rece i ve d a t thi s Office until Noon on Thursday, November 7 next, from persons who may be willing to enter into Contract for the Supply of PAILLASSE STRAW, AND STRAW FOR ROYAL ENGINNER SERVICE, in such quantities as may be required from Ist December, 3861, to 30th November, 1862, for the use of Her Majesty's Land Forces stationed at ALDERSHOT CAMP, and within the Command. Printed Forms of Tender, together with the Conditions of Contract, may be obtained on application at this Office be tween the hours of Ten and Four o'clock, where every infor mation which may be required on the subject will be Inrnished. The Tenders must be made on the Printed Forms, which should be properly filled up and signed, and delivered under sealed invelope at the above-mentioned office, marked outside " render for Army Supplies," before noon on the 7th proximo. No Tender will be noticed unless made on Forms obtained from the Office. (Signed) ALFRED SELWEY, Deputy Commissary-General. AR M Y C ONT RAC T S.—Tenders will be received at this Office until noon on the sth of November, from persons who may be willing to enter into Contracts to Oupply BREAD AND MEAT, in such quantities as may be required, for the use of her Ma jesty's Land Forces stationed in the following places, from lst becember, 1861, to 31st May, 1862 :- 1. Brompton House, Hyde Park, and Kensington. 2. Regent's Park, St. John's-wood, and Portman-street Barracks. 3. Wellington Barracks, Horse Guards, Buckingham Palace, and St. George's Barracks. 4. Tower. 5. Hounslow and Kneller Hall 6. Hampton Court. • 7. Windsor. 8. Brighton, with Coast Forts from Newhaven to Shoreham. 9. Croydon. 10. Sandhurst. Separate Tenders for Bread, and for Meat, must be made for each of the above-mentioned Stations or Barracks as separately grouped and numbered. obeFtareueetta t u s 1)1 Tender, and Co n diti ons o f C on tlt application at this Office, by lette t r r o ae r t i mnpeary be tt son, e hours of 10 an d 4 o ' clock. Tenders the Printed forms must be properly filled up under closed andv- delivered at the under-mentioned Office, Commissariat" clone (marked on the outside "Tender for next. Suppfles,") before noon on the sth November W. T. POWER, Deputy Commissary Deputy Commiesary-General's Office, 5, NeW-street, Srilwgrdens, Loudon, S.W., Ist October, 1861. General. cIAUCE.—LEA AND beg to caution the Public. gainst Spuri P o! Imitations of S their world-renowed WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE. Purchasers should ASK FOR LEA AND Ptll.lllNs' SAUCE, Pronounced by Connoisseurs to be ~T TIE ONLY GOOD SAUcE.,, *** Sold Wholesale and for Export, by the Proprietors, Worcester; I%leFsrs. CROSSE and Ilt.nexwP.Lt London, C. ( to., and by Grocers and Oilmen universally. THE VIGOUR OF YOUTH RESTORED IN FOUR WEEKS by Dr. RICORD'S ESSENCE OF LIFE. This wonderful agent will restore manhood to the most shattered constitution, whether arising from self-pollution, excesses, nocturnal emissions, the effects of climate, or natu ral causes. The time required to cure the most inveterate case is lour weeks ; and, if used according to the printed in structions (which are very simple), failure is impossible. This life-restoring remedy should be taken by all about to marry, as its effects are permanent. It is acknowledged by the medical press to be the greatest discovery ever made. Success in every case is as certain as that water quenches thirst. Dr. Ricord's Essence of Life is sold in cases, with full in structions for use, at lls., or four quantities in one for 335., and may be sent to any part of the world, carefully packed, on receipt of remittance stamps. Sole Agents in London—Prout and Co., Patent Medicine Warehouse, 229, Strand (near Temple-bar). (Entered at Stationers' Hall.) DR. BRIGHT'S APFIRODISION.- The GREAT CHEMICAL COMBINATION of Phos phorus, Quinine, Iron, and other invigorating ingredients, is the never-lailin(*Remedy for Spermatorrhcea, and all Diseases of the Reproductive System. A single course of this invalu able preparation insures health, strength, and manly vigour in every stage of life. Price, 11s. per bottle, or four lls. bottles in one, 335. ; and in cases containing three 335. bottles, for £5, at a saving of £1 12s. DR. BRIGHT'S THREE DAYS' CURE ; the most speedy remedy known. The BUCHU GLOBULES, containing the Quintessence of Copslba, Cubebs, Buchu, &c., at once cure, without the possibility of failure, Gonorrhoea, obstinate Gleet, Stricture, &c., immediately subduing all inflammatory action; encased in sugar, free from taste or smell. Price lls. ; by post 125. 6d. Prepared and sold at the Laboratoyv, 443., Maddox-street, Regent-street, W. (opposite the side of St. George's Church), London. where also may be had the new medical work, en titled "nervous Exhaustion," on Physical Disqualification and Impediments to Marriage, 275 pages. Price is. 6d. ; by post, is. 10d. ; abridged edition ls., by post 14 stamps. All communications and Post-Office Orders fo be addressed to Ralph Bright. __ The aboie medicines have been confided to a Registered Physician, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Eng land, who may be daily consulted from 11 to 4. I, GREAT MARTHELBOR OUCH -STRE ON. ET. W.. NEAR PANTH CULVERWELL, Member of the R o y a l -L./College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo thecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Toss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements Of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive I.ndul enoes, Has Just published, pri scaled,ce Is. ;" by post, I ! stamps; 18 No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled OURSELVES. _Synopsis: The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generat i on The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment , and Cure. Also, an Exposition of. and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange ments and Marital Disqualifications, MALE. The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blsnnorrhagia Gonorrhcea), Spermatorrhcca, Impotency, and all Diseases of the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, tko.l FEMALE. The Physiology and Anatomy of Women—Functional Tr rezularities In Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage— Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta tion —Use of the Speculum. Also, No. 1. HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY; Their Oblfr , ation Cht Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion. L e ° IT V E . p p A i N n e ll s 8 M a A n d R R D I I „f p No. 2. a other M s zing secu red.: atches. bterillti Removed, and Healthy Off ; Love 11713 GF,NERATIVE and MUSCULA Ewe REGAINED br the use of PERRY'S CnitDiAL IiALM of sYRIACUM. Established nearly a centt Y known throe bout the world as THE GREATES ir T'l an } el EN ERATO R •, never-failing, remedy for the l oss of mall; power, produced by early indiscretions or any other cause. It enriches the principal vital fluids , enabling, those who have deemed themselves incurable at once to fulfil the most sacred obligations of married life. Price Ils. and 338. per bottle. PERRY'S PURIFYING TASTELESS GLOBULES, a prompt Cure in every stage of Gonorrhoea ; immediately sub duing all inflammatory action, at the same time restoring the organs and surrounding parts to a vigorous and healthy state. Per box, lls. and 335. PERRY'S CONCENTRATED DETERSINE ESSENCE, for effectually eradicating all Syphilitic poison from the blood , and the after consequences of mercurial treatment. Price 10s. and 335. per bottle. __THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on Single and -.l%larried Life, enlarged to 190 pages, with 100 engravings, ls., post i 14 stamps ; also, Extracts from the above Work in all I al n, g . uar.-Tes, post free on receipt of two stamps. To be 6 . ( 10 i ( ce3t from R. and L. I'erry and Co., 19, Berners-street, xr -street, London, W,, where all letters and Post-office a orders are to be addressed. Attendance daily, from 10 till 8, V u __ Consulting. Surgeon, Member of the Royal College of 44 e Q 11 3 of e land (regigered under the AM Aledieg No. it. TUE CASE BOOK': 100 Cases of SPERMATORRWEA. Their Calms, Symptoms, and Treatment, ConiessionS mid Cure oy'cauterisations, Galvanism, &o. &e. &o. To be had of Mann, aa, Cornhili ; and the Authors. Advice to the Working Classes f ee n a u_ a _G u i ne c (SPECIAL NOTICE.) Dr. Cult-smell is the only legally qualified medical acti tioner living 01 that name, and eau De moulted ( only ii)9Te,) I sl l /"."_. Y e: . NEIVSPAPER ?‘ 4t'," / " •: • • ►ti 412 40 41 I • itZ•l 41% <4. Oij 4 --- 4 / ,5 IP ' %). , „Q.." .4 1 Z . ‹: . A , _ , " ;7,X - e • • , f r!* I 5.) , ‘l6 97 , :f 4 1 , , ,„/ , , /04, ) rvQC . C 6 ' ,;(;, - 4; \ d j: 0 " . u 0 trg, aSai ciall LlOl2, was "apes y iLtal Cle Lt., politics and to avoid talking about them :"-:-- '' My Lord,--I venture, under deep ftilings of some business anxiety an d alarm, to call your lordship's attention to the foll ow i ng statement : merchants "My s on , M r. \V. B. F o r woo d, is a British sub ject, bo rn i n Li verpool, and a clerk in the office of my firm, L eec h, H arrison, and Forwood, Liverpool, for 50 years. H e sa i led from Cork on the 26th ult. in the steamer City o r Washington, for Nekv York, t ae o cu n t t h s c ot. United m y rirni States in that city. w o h attend tend have to tradeds on a " To-day I received a letter from a private friend, a British merchant in New York, dated the 12th of October, conveying the painful intelligence that on his arrival in New York my son was arrested ' on suspicion of Southern tendencies,' was kept under arrest, and searched, and his papers read, but, ' nothing being found which could be constr ue d as treasonable, he was liberated.' My correspondent further states that it is certain that my son will be under supervision of the police for some time, and it may be that my letters to him, and his to my firm, will be opened. " I am sure that I shall not appeal in vain to your Lordship, as I now do most earnestly and anxiously in asking that you will cause an immediate com munication to be made to her Majesty's representa tive in the United States, so that he may obtain the redress he is so clearly entitled to, and that steps may be taken for his protection from sulh a wan ton outrage, committed in defiance of all interna tional law and the usages of all civilized nations, on the person of a subject of her Britannic Majesty in the peaceful prosecution of nis business.—l have the honour to remain, your Lordship's obedient servant, " T. B. FORWOOD. " Liverpool, Oct. 25." PRICE Id. STAMPED sd. N°. 21,631. PUBLICATIONS. To be had at all the Libraries, THE NEW - AND POPULAR NOVELS, Published by BURST and BLACK:OPT. THE HOME AT ROSEFIELD. By EDWARD COPPING. COUNTY SOCIETY. « Verit6 sans peur." NOTICE TO QUIT. By W. G. WILLS. EAST AND WEST. By J. F. Cor,KRAN. UNDER THE _ SPELL. By the Author of "Grandmother's Money." ALONE IN THE WORLD. By the Author of " Cousin Geoffrey." SIR RICHARD HAMILTON. (Nov. 1.) COL. WOLSELEY'S ACCOUNT OF THE CHINA CAMPAIGN. On Wednesday, November 6, will be published, in I vol. Bvo., with Portrait of Lieut.-Gen. Sir J. Hope Grant, G.C.8., Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Army, NARRATIVE of the CHINA WAR of 1860 ; and of a Short Residence among the Rebel Forces at Nankin. By Lieut.-Col. WOLSELEY, sOth Light Infantry, Deputy Assistant Quartermaster-General to the Expedi tionary Force. London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts. NEW WORK BY CAPTAIN RICUARD BURTON. On Thursday, November 7, will be published, in 1 vol. Bvo., with numerous Illustrations, THE CITY of the SAINTS ; and across the Rocky Mountains to California. By RICIIARD F. BURTON; Uaptain lI.M. Indian Army; Fellow and Gold Medallist of the Royal Geofraphical Societies of France and En land ; lI.M. Consul in West Africa ; Author of "Meccali and Medinah," &c. London : Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts. BENTLEY'S The NOVEMBER NUM: MISCELLANY. ER (Now Ready) contains I. The Improvements of Paris. 11. Crooked Usage ; or, The Adventures of Lorn Lo riot. ByDudley Costello. Chapters XXXI. t XXXI 11. 111. American Notabilities. ;IV. Beet Sugar and Alcohol in France. By Frede rick*Maxsh all. V. The Seven-Year Maiden. London : Chapman any VI. The Worries of a Cha perone; or Lady Mara bout's Troubles. By Ouida. VII. French Almanacks for 1862. VIII. A Feuille Volante apropos of a Certain Lack of Reverence. IX. About Portraits and Portrait Painting. by Monkshood. Ld Hall, 193, Piccadilly. Price Sixpence, or Post Free for Seven Stamps, TNDIAN RAILWAY AND INDUS FLOTILLA -1- GUARANTEES, examined and found to be delusive, with extracts from the Official Contracts. Seco n d E d i t i on, with an enquiry into the validity of Debentures. By JAMES MILLS, London : Mann Nephews, 39, Cornhill. THE PRESENT DISTRESS IN TRADE fully explained in J. GROSSMITH'S GOVERNMENT UPON FIRST PRINCIPLES." The cause is there predicated of the monetary difficulties ex perienced in 1860. The Crisis is at hand. Anxiety in busi ness has now become the grim torture. Purity of motive. intelligently exercised, must animate all Governments, or all is lost, All denominations of Constitutions are carefully examined in J. Grossmith's "Government upon First Prin ciples." Kent and Co., Paternoster-row. Just published, Svo, in cloth, price 55., by p os t f ree, ss. 6 d ., ON THE SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT o f STRICTURES of the URETHRA; showing why they so often appear Incurable, when in reality they might be removed by the most simple means. By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E., And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of Strictures of the Urethra. " This work is the production of a surgeon whose special attention has been directed, through a long professional life, to the treatment of strictures of the urethra. The cases which Mr. Courtenay has given supply ample evidence of his great discriminative power in the diagnosis of the various kinds of stricture, and of the scientific principles upon which their management is founded. Byhis systematic management an immense mitigation of pain to the unhappy sufferers is attained, and future mischief prevented. The work we can most unreservedly and confidently recommend as a valuable contribution, both to the general and professional reader, and ought to be found in the private study of all who are subject to stricture."—Medical Circular. London: H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street ARGYLL ROOMS.-GREAT SUCCESS !- The Band and Musical arrangements under the direc tion of M. BOULCORT, Conductor and principal Cornet. In addition to the Laurent Valse, Strauss tiadrille, and novel ties of last week, A NEW POLKA, by M. Boulcourt, the Solos performed by him and M. Greebe. Admission is.-- Manager, M. P. Grenet. OLDRIDGE'S BALM of COLUMBIA i s th e most certain remedy for restoring and strengthening the hair. By it whiskers and moustaches are produced and beautified. Ladies will find it especially valuable, as the most delicate head-dress or bonnet can be worn without fear of soiling. Sold in bottles, 3s. 6d., 65., and lls. C. and A. OLDRIDGE, 22, Wellington-street, Strand. 1, GROSVENOR-STREET, GtOSVENOR-SQUARE.- ALL CONSULTATIONS FREE. % RTIFICIAL TEETH on a NEW and IM PROVED PRINCIPLE, at TEN SHILLINGS EACH TOOTH (including all charges.) Mr. ESKELL'S PATE WED INVENTION (protected by her Majesty's Royal Seal, July, 1860), for adapting Arti ficial Teeth, from one to a complete set, by Self-Adhesion, are fixed without springs or fastening, without pain or ex traction, restore perfect articulation and mastication, ren dering detection impossible, and last a lifetime. "Unrivalled for its utilityand economy."—Morning Post. "An admirable contrivance for remedyin the defects of nature, without requiring new sets of teeth . "—Sun. Decayed Teeth Stopped, Loose Teeth Fastened, Discoloured Teeth Restored, &c. Constant Daily Attance at 8, Grosvenor street, Grosvernor-square, London; Old Steine, Brighton; Bennett's-hill, Birmingham RUPTURES.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. WHITE'S MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS (PERFECTED AND EXITTBITED IN THE GREAT EXHIBITION OF 1851), is allowed by upwards of Two Hundred Medical Gentlemen to be the most effective invention in the curative treatment of EHN I A. The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects, is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the Moe-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease and closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn during sleep. A descriptive circular may he hut' and the truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the manufacturer, Mr. WiliTE, 228, Piccadilly. A Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and 31s. 6d. Postage, ls. A. Doublo Truss, 31s. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, is Bd. An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. 6d. Postage, ls. 10d. Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White,Tost office, Piccadilly. ELASTIC STOCKINGS, KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all cases of Weakness and Swelling of the Legs, Sprains, &c. They are porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on like an ordinary stocking. Price 4s. 6cL, 7s. 6d., 10s., and 16s. each. Postage 6d. JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 228,:Piceadilly. ( 6 H ,---1 - 7114310 71 . ! • THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 29, 1861. TIIE LIFEBOAT AND HER WORK. At this period of the year, when, drifting through the trees, the wild gusts of October herald the ap proach of winter storms, far over the land the sere and yellow leaf is being swept by impetuous winds, indicating to us the near approach of times when night is pleasant by the warm inglenook, and days are bitter and dreary anywhere. With the voice of the storm—be it ever so low or ever so distant in its tones—comes the memory of those who go down to the sea in white-winged ships. Conjectures as to the fortunes of their hazardous existence arise unbidden within our souls. The sailor-boy rocked on the top most height of the giddy mast—the hardy watcher who keeps his vigil on the sea-washed deck—the stout-armed helmsman who guides the staunch and gallant bark across the billows of the yawning deep —are all agents for our comfort, ministers to our wealth, or promoters of our commerce. Without the aid of their special services, much of the ad vantages of art and skill would be lost to our en joyment or our necessities, the spread of science or religion or civilisation would be slow and ineffi cient, and the human race would remain deprived of much jof its resources, and poor in oppor tunity for progress. Yet this class of workers in the labour of the world have probably the least share of the advantages that result from their toil. The terms of their ordinary existence are far from being attractive or fascinating, and the thinner to which it is subject beyond all calculation. Human life is hazardous—very hazardous, indeed, in the best and strongest among us, a chance blow, or a chance impulse, or a chance slip may cut it short almost without warning; but for those whose home is on the seas a plank is all that intervenes between them and certain death. If that be frail—if a nail start, or a worm gnaw through it, the rushing water will do the rest—the brave vessel will settle down with its living freight, " deeper than did plummet ever sound.' Yet these are probable, but not very frequent, dangers to the seaman's life. ,It is on the iron rocks along our coast that the most woeful sacrifices take place. Among these the stoutest ship that ever outrode a storm in mid-ocean may meet her perilous fate, and the hardiest and most skilful seamen find their graves within sight of land. To the struggling mariner in the grasp of the wild waves, there is very frequently but one chance for human succour, and that is afforded oftenest by the gallant crew who man the lifeboat. Many a time when the pitiful cry of human hearts is wafted on the wings of the storm from the shrouds or deck of the perishing vessel, in the gripe of the whirlwind, there are listening ears and gal lant men ashore who echo it back with a cheery and hopeful response, as, dashing with their boat to the beach, they launch it amid the waving surf, and venture to the rescue. How often have they re stored its dearest one to home, when the raging sea would have devoured the hope and trust of a house hold ; how often has a family had cause to bless the courageous souls who have ventured in the very teeth of death to save the ,victim who was almost taken for ever from their embrace ; and how often has the passionate sob of some despairing derelict wretch broken into a prayer of gratitude to Heaven as, sweeping buoyantly over the seething waves, he has beheld, careering amid the spray, the little barque which brought him life renewed ? According to the official register of shipwrecks on the coast and in the seas of the United Kingdom, a synopsis of which has just been published by the National Lifeboat Institution—the average annual loss of 800 lives takes place, and property to the amount of one million and a half is devoted to destruction in the seas and on the coasts of the United Kingdom. Daring the year 1860 there was by shipwrecks, a total loss of 1,379 vessels ; in other words an increase in the gross number of casualties of 146 beyond the average of the past six years. Accidents from collisions have, how ever, decreased in a great degree, owing to the improved measures taken for prevention of wreck from such causes, 298 collisions only having taken place in 1860, against 349 in 1859. The total loss of life from all the casualties at sea, during last year, was 536, being 264 less than the average of the past nine years, a gratifying fact, which must be mainly attributable to the lifeboat, for 2,152 persons were saved from death. The rocket and mortar apparatus were found most serviceable, and even shore-boats were made available in this noble and philanthropic work. The vessel wrecked would seem to have been much influenced by class, as during two years, out of 2,795 ships lost on our coast, more than half (1,504) were colliers and of that class, and 1,291 were timber laden, passen ger ships; and vessels in ballast. In tonnage it is found that ships between 50 and 300 tons are those to which casualties most frequently occur. In rig, schooners figure as by far the heaviest in the melancholy category, 912 of them having gone to pieces, and next to these the brigs have suffered most, 644 of them having been lost. 'A very im portant fact, bearing on the efficiency of com manders of vessels, is, that out of the 1,379 ships wrecked in 1860, 554 were commanded by masters who were not required to have certificates of com petency. Twenty-one wrecks took place from not taking soundings, 35 from general negligence, 39 from unseaworthiness, five from defective com passes, and two from intemperace. Perhaps, one of the most extraordinary of the details re vealed by these very interesting statistics, is, that eight ships were wrecked during calm weather. Such is a statement is one for which the general public can hardly be prepared, and is a curious instance of the uncertainty of a sailor's life. During the last eleven years, the points between Skerries, Lambay, and Carnsore-point, and St. David's-head on one side, and Skerries, Lambay, Fair-head, and the Mull of Cantyre on the other, are those upon which the loss of life has been by far the greatest, being 2,332 out of 6,883, or above a third of the whole. Those are very interesting statistics. They reveal an appalling loss of life, but they are not without valuable evidence of its gain also. During the past five years the number of lives saved on the coast by life-boats, lifesaving apparatus, and other means, has been 11,495. These numbers are a noble testi mony to the value of the exertions which have been made in a good and holy work. In the cause of humanity, danger has been met with a calm heroic courage, better, as it is higher, than warrior ever knew in the intoxication of battle. The storm might rise, the sea might swell with appalling power, and the night be dark with horror, but despite of wind, and waves, and darkness, the lifeboat has sped on its mission of mercy with wonderful success. Read ing over the record, touching . and affecting, of its fortunes on these brave occasions, we are anxious that the National Lifeboat Institution, which has given rise to so much good to our species, should receive that encouragement and support of which it is so deserving throughout the British Isles, where we know hearty sympathies exist for the continued services of its merciful operations in the cause of suffering humanity. When we read of the Seaton Carew lifeboat taking off the crew of the brig Providence, wrecked off Hartlepool, and landing them in safety, and then braving the storm again to take off the crew of the Mayflower, and when we find that the cost of that great and philanthrophic deed, is only £25 for the sixteen lives saved, we cannot but regard it as money laid out at a valuable interest. At Portmadoc, seven- teen men were saved at a cost of £l4. At Carn sore, nineteen p ersons were save d a t an expense blessing of a child r f B e o sca g the same means. Could there be a greater return than this for the money ? Can ' o a f g wealth e X - 2 2 a w l plu s f . e ; e s b h a y a v e r d ea f t ro a m n im en p jo en y d m i e u n g t o t3 h t a h n e . ago; or can th ere the reward that come s of s e e m e r d eot r h om the poverty and sorrow of such fruits ndofblheesrsinoglds widowhood, a o spared p prayers a h y e e prop rs a purposes of the National Lifeboat be any reward so estimable as the wild time of storm s, come of so trivial a sum. In of these. In the are at work to save an Institution, day or night, its agencies During the last 21 months th the lifeboats of the to succour. of Shields, shipwrecks on our institution have lives from the following di ff erent shipwrecks of rescuing 410 Ann Mitchell, of Montro a e l o l l ; coasts :—Barque Niag ar a, 1 schooner Jane Roper, schooner Catheri ne, Shields, 11 ;schooner 9 as, of Shields, 3 ; ship of Ulverstone, 0 6 f ; G b l r a i s g gow, of Newry, 4 ; a smack John Bull, of AbYarmouth,anrngel Mitchell, f t e ' I h 1 e es i l g l; ' n m o u t h , 2 ; bri g Ge orge and James, Ch o o f oner Eliza, of North Whitby, G; coble of London, 8 ; brig Zephyr s Honour, of Cullercoats, 3 ; seh S o e o a n h e a r m, 6 Shields, 7 ; brig Lovely Nell brigantine Nugget, of Bideford,Yg of ; Pros pect, of Berwick, 6; sloop Thomas and Jane, of St. Ives, 3 ; fishing boat , of Whi t b urn , 4 ; brig Ar ethusa, of Blyth, 8 ; s chooner Dewi W y n, of Por tmadoc , 8 flat Cymraes, of Beaumaris, 2 ; schooner William, of i Morecambe, 5 ; smack Gipsy, of Newry, 4 ; schooner Margaret Ann, of Preston, 4; brig New Draper, of Whitehaven, 8 ; barque Oberon, of Liverpool, 15 ; brigantine Nancy, of Teignmouth, 9 ; smack Won der, of Teignmouth, 2 ; brig Scotia, of Sunderland, 6 ; sloop Three Brothers, of Goole, 5 ; sloop Char lotte, of Woodbridge, 5; brig Ann, of Blyth, 8 ; sloop Hope, of Dublin, 3 ; schooner Druid, of Aberystwyth, 5 ; barque Vermont, of Halifax, IJ,S., 16; fichugner William li.citb, of Caniaryoi 2 ; brig Flying Fish, of Whitby, 5; smack Eliza beth Ann, of Lyme Regis, 3 ; steam dredge at Newhaven, 9 ; schooner William, of Liverpool, 5 ; lugger Nimrod, of Castletown, 3; brig Providence, of Shields, 8 ; brig Mayflower, of Newcastle, S ; schooner Village Maid, of Fleetwood, 4 ; halloo Guyana, of Glasgow, 19; brig Roman Empress, of Shields, 10; brig Sun Spiridione, of Galaxide, 2; schooner Voador du Vouga, of Vianna, 8 ; French brig: La: 3cune :Marie Therese, 6 ; barque Perse verance, of Scarborough, 5 ; schooner Elizabeth, of Bridgewater, 4; ship Danube, of B alfast, 17 ; schooner Hortensia, of Hanover, 4; schooner Admiral Hood, of Rochester, 6 ; schooner Susan and Isabella, of Dundee, 5 ; schooner Rose, of Lynn, 3; brig Pro droma, of Stockton, 11; brig Eliza, of Middles borough, 7; brigantine Fries, of Koningsberg, 6; brigantine Diana, of Fredericksham, 7; brig Glou cester, of South Shields, 7 ; brig Oregon, of Stone haven, 4 ; brig St. 'Michael, of Marans, 8 ; Spanish barque Primera de Torreviega, saved vessel and one of the crew, 1 ; schooner Hurrell, of Penzance, saved vessel and crew, 4' • barque Frederick, of London, 1; brig A nne , o f Plymouth, saved vessel and crew, 8 ; schooner Betsy, of Peterhead, saved vessel and crew, 6 ; barque Peace, of London, 2 ; making a total of 410 persons saved from death. Such noble services performed by the lifeboats within so short a period as the above list repre sents, reflects honour on the philanthropy of the age we live in, in addition to the important services thus rendered to our commerce and even to the pro tection of our shores, for 410 persons would man a large line-of-battle ship. Secure in our homes, calmly awaiting the approach of winter, when night is pleasant by the warm inglenook, we and ours may rest while brave ships drive headlong on the rocks and strands by many a lone headland; but let us not be forgetful of the strong man who may struggle in despair with the fierce elements, or of the trembling ship boy, whose cry for help may reach no mother's ear. Let us, on the contrary, borrow peace for ourselves, amid the pauses of the storm which wakes us up in the night, by the consoling thought that each of us has, in his own humble way, and out of his own means, given something to man a lifeboat of the National Lifeboat Institution. mencement to £325,936, the whole of which had been paid into the Government Treasury with the exception of £6,740, which remained to be paid. The length of the company's lines open for traffic is 3501! miles ; in course of construction from Nas , sick to Juhhulpore, 770 miles ; and in abeyance from Sholapore to Moodgul, 123 miles ; making the total length of the company's undertaking 1,2431 miles. CEYLON. The directors of this company state in their report that, according to the agreement for annulling the contract with the Government of Ceylon, entered into on the 19th of August last, the capital was duly repaid on the 21st of Au ;u' with interest to that date. The greater portion of the money has been returned to the proprietors, and the remainder is in course of distribution. Application will be made to Parliament next session for an Act to dis solve the company, and until that is obtained the existing legal constitution of the company must be maintained. CHEAP WINE MADE DEAR. It will one day be thought a remarkable fact, and related by historians as a curious characteristic of the period, that in England, once upon a time, the only:wines known were port and sherry, and that both of them were luxuries. Yet that is still the case, or very nearly so. The Commercial Treaty is just bringing the wines of France to our doors, and in a few months more, perhaps, most people will know something of claret and Burgundy, but the reign of the old " red and white" is not quite over. The fact certainly shows what may be done by taxation and treaties in modelling even the taste of a nation. Our tellers and our stomachs were handed over to Portugal a century and a half ago, and we have been bound to the Peninsular vine yards ever since. All this while Europe was over flowing with wines of infinite variety and merit. Next to wheat, there seems no plant so universal as the vine. France has been described as one huge vineyard, and the description will apply with equal truth to the country on the other side of the Pyre nees. But Western Europe is hardly richer in this respect that Central Europe or Eastern Europe. The wines of the Rhine and and the Moselle are ad mirable in their several kinds, and everybody has heard that the wines of Hungary are so good as to be almost priceless. There are other vineyards, how ever, besides all these. Do our schoolboys ever think what kind of wine Anacreon used to sing of, or what were the liquors which the friends of Horace used to press upon their guests ? Where were the grapes grown for the vintages painted in " Virgil ?" If Italy could produce good wines in the times of Augustus, why not now, when it seems as if the climate must be warmer than of old ? The query is answered in the letter of our Turin correspondent which we publish this morning. Italy abounds with wines of the very finest sorts — some of them not unknown at English tables in days gone by. All these wines are at our service if we would but fetch them. There is no limit to the variety of .flavour, substance, and quality at our command, and what is said of Italy may be said with more or less truth of all the eastern shores of the . Mediterranean. Our dealings with wine countries have hitherto very much resembled the old dealings of the Japa nese with Europe. They received two ships once a year from a particular port, and learnt just as much about European produce as the Dutch chose to teach them. We gave much the same monopoly to Oporto and Cadiz, and stocked our cellars exclusively with the exports from those cities. It is but a very few years since claret was a rare and expensive luxury, only brought on the table after the company had been previously well soaked with port, just as school children were economically crammed with pudding before they were allowed to begin at the meat. That a thin and delicate wine could neither do much good, nor give much satisfaction, after the stomach had been loaded and the palate seared with wine nearly as strong as brandy, was a fact on which the last generation failed to ' reflect. Even this modification, however, of the ordinary service was very uncommon. The regular wines were port and sherry only, so constantly and religiously produced in couples that the very decanters for containing them were manufactured and sold by "the pair." During all this time, too, the the price was most extravagant, not, perhaps, as regarded the actual worth of the article, but as bearing on the general use of wine itself. There were no qualities fitted for common consumption. Wine, in fact, was not a beverage, but a liqueur. It was at once too strong and too dear. Nobody could take it at meal-times in the ordinary way of drink, and few people could afford to consume it by pints, or half-pints, or at draught. It was preserved carefully in a decanter, ' brought out of the corner cupboard on holydays, and measured into glasses carefully sized. An Eng lish wine-glass of the last century tells its own tale, like the salt-cellar of an old Indian dinner service. You see at once by the smallness of the article how precious the contents were thought. Even now the public can hardly be persuaded that " wine" can ever be cheap. Mr. Gladstone's quotation of good sound claret at 14s. a dozen was received with a smile of incredulity, and Mr. Dickens himself never wrote anything more extravagantly ludicrous in the eyes of ordinary readers than when he intro duced the famous bottle of port "at one and nine." The chances are that "one and nine," if it could but be disbursed at the right spot, would buy a very good bottle of port indeed. But the climax of all these paradoxical announce ments comes from Turin this morning. Imagine, not a thin, acid, or doubtful- looking beverage, but a " fine, dry, high-flavoured, and deliciously fragrant wine," equal in all respects to Johan nisberg at £9 a dozen, offered at tenpence a bottle! It is wine, too, which will bear either land or sea carriage as well as Madeira, and will keep any length of time. That is the article now advertised from Italy if anybody likes the look of the bargain. The truth is, there are good wines in all countries, and, what is more, these good wines are always cheap until we make them dear by monopoly and taxation. Hungary, for instance, notwithstand ing the name it has got for costly produce, abounds in cheap wines. Even Tokay itself can be had as cheap as Cape or Marsala. It is only the wine of certain vintages or particular districts which is so fabulously dear. Be it remembered that in all these cases wine is a very common article of produce. We have got into the habit of thinking it rare and costly because with us it is an exotic, and has been made scarce by legislation. When we hear of, the poorest classes of a country drinking good wine at discretion we can hardly avoid a feeling of surprise, but our wonder is very like that at finding on landing at Calais the very children speaking French. Except in cases of great age or peculiar quality wine is naturally cheap. The real wonder ought to be, not that good claret can be had for a few pence a bottle, but that it should ever have cost as many shillings. A pretty commentary will be suggested on our legislation when it is read in the history of the times that people were charged with the . profligate extrava gance of drinking " French wines," France being close at oar doors, and producing the largest crops of wine in the world. There is, however, a certain point which must not be overlooked in the contemplation of the prospect now before us. Wine depends for its excellence not only on the material, but on the manufacture. Good grapes may be easily turned into bad wine. It is here that France and Portugal have such great advantages. On the Donro and the Garonne they know not only how to cultivate the vine, but how to manipulate its produce. The whole art of wine making has there been brought to perfection, whereas in Italy, as our correspondent admits, the mysteries of the manufacture have yet to be learnt. The case very much resembles that of cotton. Hun dreds of countries can grow the cotton-plants, just as hundreds of countries can grow the vine, but it is only at particular spots that the culture has been perfected, and the trade absolutely organized. Italy can only compete with France in the wine trade under the sane disadvantages as have hitherto attended India when competing with America in the cotton trade. Bordeaux has got the command of the market. In Italy there is the material ready to hand, but the manufacture has yet to b e per fected. That there is room, however, f or muc h t o be done will be seen from the stati s ti c t s o f a cor respondent in another part of our co l umns. T hough Italy it pity but and w ha tw e Hungary and many oth er coun t r i es are could turn to better advantage Inviting our inquiries , seven-ei g hth s o f our entire imports still come from the old quarters . It is a the variety before us.—Tinies. Mr. S. R. Graves, Mayor of Liverpool, was taken ill on Sunday morning in St. George's Church. He rose in order to leave the building, but as ho was passing the Com munion -table, he was observed to fall. Assistance was im mediately at hand, and he was removed to the Town-hall, where he soon recovered sufficiently to drive home. Yester day he was apparently quite restored. The'mayer's clutio IIAYQ latterly keen rather QUerQU4s EARL RUSSELL ON THE AMERICAN BLOCKADE. Some. time Pince we (Liverpool .Albion) alluded to a correspondence which had taken place between Earl Russell and Mr. H. W. Hayman, of this town, relative to the American blockade of the Southern ports. In doing so we gave an outline of Mr. Hayman's inquiries, and the purport of his lord ship's answer. Subjoined we give Earl Russell's letter in extenso, as being interesting as well as explicit : " Foreign-Office, Sept. 19, 1861. " Sir,--I am directed by Earl Russell to acquaint you that the questions raised by your letters of the 29th of August and the 4th of September were of considerable importance, and rendered it necessary for his lordship to communicate with the law officers of the Crown previously to answering your letters. You stated in your letter of the 29th of August, that, in conjunction with other merchants, you con templated fitting out a number of vessels for the purpose of trading with the port of New Orleans, and other ports of the United States of America, and that, looking to the undisturbed state of friendly relations between her Majesty and the United States, you apprehend that British ships had a right, under the law of nations, upon the strict principle of reciprocity, to enter into, and depart from the ports and harbours of the United States. You say that you ask and hope that these vessels will be protected by her Majesty's cruisers; but that, if such protection, from reasons of State policy, should be withheld, you will be prepared to defend yourselves, as best you may, in the pursuit of your legitimate trade, and that all parties hin dering you in the same will become responsible for.the consequences. In your letter of September 4, you say that, contending, as you do, that the blockade of certain ports of the United States as against the ships of this country is an infringement of international law, nugatory and unavailable, you claim the protection of her Majesty's Government for the mercantile expedition in question, and at the same time Lord Russell's permission to defend itself in case of need. Understanding from the tenor of your letters that the ports to which your vessels are to proceed are ports which are or may be block aded by the naval forces of the United States, Lord Russell directs me to warn you of the serious con sequences which the measures contemplated, as stated in your letters, will entail on all concerned therein, and to inform you that her Majesty's Government will not afford the slightest protection or countenance to the projected enterprise. The United States and the so-called Confederate States are engaged in a civil war, and her Majesty's Go vernment have recognised that state of things, and have taken up a position of neutrality between the contending parties. Under these circumstances, if any British ship, being a neutral, knowingly attempts to break an effective blockade, she is liable to capture and condemnation. If such ship defends herself by force against a national vessel enforcing such blockade, such defence is a breach of the law of nations, and will expose the ship and cargo to condemnation as prize, and those persons who com mit the act to personal responsibility and severe treatment according to the law of war, the act of such persons being considered by the law and usage of nations as one of unjustifiable hostility. lam to state that the general rule as to trading by neutrals in time of war with belligerents is that they may freely trade, but they are bound to respect every effective blockade, and that if they carry contraband of war to either belligerents, they do so at the risk of capture and condemnation by the other, if dis covered. I am, sir, your most obedient humble servant, " E. HAMMOND. " H. W. Hayman, Esq., 4, Chapel-street, Liverpool." OPENING OF A NEW D_RINIONG FOUNTAIN BY EARL RUSSELL. The ceremony of opening a drinking fountain erected by the Metropolitan Free Drinking Foun tain Association, by Earl Russell, took place yes terday morning on Tower-hill. The noble lord arrived shortly before one o'clock, and was received in the office of the Master of the Mint, by Mr. H. J. Hewitt, the secretary of the association, Profes sor Graham (the Master of the Mint), Mr. Samuel Gurney, M.P., Hon. Mr. Byng, Dr. Lancaster, Dr. Little (medical officer of the local board) Mr. Wake• field (hon. secretary of the association), and other gentlemen. On arriving at the fountain, Mr. Gurney handed to his lordship a silver cup filled with water. Earl RUSSELL, having heartily partaken of the water, said that it gave him great pleasure to be present at the opening of a fountain for the benefit of the inhabitants of that district—(cheers)—and to deliver it over to the representative of the district board of works. He was not going to detain them with a long speech, but he would make a few ob servations. He was not going to expatiate upon them, and still less upon the growth of large towns where the working man could find good wages, those who had lived in this country felt the want of many necessities, one of which was the want of healthy air, and another was the want of pure, wholesome, and refreshing water. (Cheers.) One gentleman seeing the want experienced by the in sufficient supply of pure water in the great town of Liverpool—he referred to Mr. Merry—was the first to establish free drinking fountains, when it was found that many thousands of persons rushed to these fountains. The question was next taken up in the metropolis by Mr. Gurney, whose liber ality had been of vast benefit to the working classes He (Mr. Gurney) had been instrumental in found ing the Metropolitan Free Drinking Fountain Association, at the first meeting of which he (Earl Russell) was present. This association had been enabled to establish, by the aid and co-operation of private individuals, eighty-five fountains ; at one of these fountains (the Royal Exchange) it was esti mated that the number of persons who visited it 'amounted to 6,000 daily. If they only took half that number they must see at once what great num bers of people must take advantage of these drink ing fountains. It was found that the fountains were of great use in the houses of the poor people, where pure water could not be readily obtained, and those who had to cook, &c., experienced great advantages in sending to the fountain for water (cheers) seeing that it was very much purer than other water, and that it was kept pure by filters and machinery. These drinking fountains, he con sidered, ought to be an object of care on the part of the municipal boards. They ought to establish fountains if it would tend to the health and benefit of the poorer classes; but this was not the case. What had been erected were established by the liberality of private persons. This being the case, it was the duty of every person to support these fountain associations. As he said before, 85 foun tains had been erected by the association, which was a great number, considering the short time it had been established; but when the number of inhabitants of the metropolis—the two millions of people—was taken into consideration, the num ber of fountains (85) established, was a mere trifle. Every means ought to be taken to increase the funds of the society in order to enable them to in crease the number of fountains. In conclusion, the noble lord said he had great pleasure in contributing towards the erection of a fountain, and he had still greater pleasure in handing it over to the members of the district board (the Tower Hamlets District Board of Works), for the use of the inhabitants of amidst taerdgl large ibdtahes basin bas-reliefsercheers. the district. He hoped that it would be kept in good repair, and as the fountain was a pretty strong mounted upon of th e t two a s t t e e r p - s l i i y a ; one, that it would continue to be a benefit to the inhabitants for many years. His lordship con cludedvutbhapa essoeesnh,, surplus e odr andtupefountaineuotrasai plinth isnt et irwh i n s fagrotetfnihr co m posed thesecsa surmounted ap same g f t haoan beautiful polished hth e pa granite ve paveme n t. en metalt trench is worked around the se et c h o a n ure d t s p t r e ee p vw t ea o nt pavement. The fountain The fwroi T nm d w fr h o i m ch b t l h ow e from the designs of, and erected by, Wills Brothers,of the Euston-road. The gift of the f • fountain having been acknow ledged in suitable terms by the members of the district board, addresses were delivered by Mr. Gurney and others. limpid The proceedings terminated with three hearty streams s ntpei.rnr:egolvi water-lio ns, cheers for the noble lord at the head of the Foreign office. THE STORMY PETREL,—This bird possesses a singular amount of oil, and has the power of throwing it from the mouth when terrified. It is said that this oil, which is very pure, is collected largely in St. Kilda by catching the bird on its egg, where it sits very closely, and making it disgorge the oil into a vessel. The bird is then released, and another taken. The inhabitants of the Faroe Islands make a curious use of this bird when young and very fat, by simply drawing a wick through the h bca tlfe and lighting it at the end which projects beak. This unique lamp will burn for a corLaide period—.lotitkciv's ,Naturalaaorp thralls ra _ _e THE COTTON TRADE. The sales of cotton for the week, as made up on Thursday evening, amount to 145,810 bales, of which speculators have taken 82,090, exporters 12,860, and spinners 50,860 bales. Here is another large week recorded, greatly swelled by the opera tions of speculators, but in which spinners have also liberally supplied their necessities. These large purchases are the offspring of increased confidence in the staple, from the thorough conviction that, for a while at least, we shall be deprived of the Ameri can crop of the present year, as the continued blockade of the ports is not only resolved upon by the North ; but the South, so Tar, have shown equal determination to retain the cotton on the plan • tations, so that for all purposes of use to us at present it might as well never have been grown. Hereafter it may exercise a very important in fluence, but, in the meantime, every one believes that will be after his stocks have been all sold. Tho effect of this is seen in the great advance in prices that has taken place during the week, the largest, in fact, that has been witnessed this year, or for some time previously, the improvement in American descriptions being id. to llb. per lb. ; Surats,d. to d. ; Brazil, id. ; and Egyptian, ld. per lb. It is many years sinee prices reached the paint at which they have now arrived, New Orleans middling be ing quoted in yesterday's circular per pound ; and, high as this figure is, there are many who seem to think it is yet some distance below the top price that will be sure to be reached before the cotton is released from the American ports. It may be so ; there is no reasoning against it—in fact reasoning is all the other way ; but the state of Affairs in America is in such an unexpected, unprecedented position, that we know not whether a change as sudden as the outbreak will not take place, or that with prices such as are now ruling some means may not be found of getting cotton to this side of the Atlantic. This, of course, no one believes, or the market would not be, in its present buoyant state, at what may be termed starvation prices ; yet, look •ing at the height to which we have ascended, were a change to take place in the feelings of the belli gerents, or were the least expectation of such an event to receive a tangible form, what a serious de cline might immediately be expected to follow. With middling cotton at Bd. a short time since few would purchase, while now that it has been raised to ls. everyone seems anxious to be a holder, and so long as this feeling lasts prices of necessity must continue advancing. The India markets are again moving upward in reply to the commencement of our rise here. This is a movement in the right direc tion, but prices have scarcely yet advanced there sufficiently to leave a profit on the stock of goods and the shipments on their way, and have to move upward with an accelerated pace to meet the higher cost of production. On the ether hand, the very favourable monsoon must tend to produce so desi rable a result from the natural increase of consump tion and wealth that ordinarily follows it. The follow ing are the comparative prices of the three descrip tions of American fair and middling cotton, as quoted yesterday, and at the corresponding period of last year, with the imports and estimated stocks of all descriptions :- 1861. 1860. Fair. Middling. Fair. Middling. New Orleans 121 d. 12d. .. 71d. 6d. per lb. Mobile Uplands l2ld. llid. .. ad. 6j d, „ Stocks at commence- ment of each year .. 515,679 .. 441,710 bales Imported since Jan. 1.. 2,614,542 .. 2,839,134 „ Stocks, Oct. 25 : American Surat 259,840 .. 128,300 „ Brazil Egyptian West Indian, Sce. Totals Cotton at sea : From America — .. 30,000 ~ From India Totals FOOD RESOURCES OF THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY. "A person well acquainted with the Confederate States " sends to the Economist some facts and figures to show the " utter absurdity" of supposing that the South can be starved out. The little State of South Carolina produces five sixths of the rice crop of America, and more wheat than all the New England States together. She produces as much Indian corn as New York and more than all the New England States. In 1860, South Carolina's production of corn was 20,000,000 bushels. Her potatoes, bean and pea crops, are very large, usually exceeding by 1,000,000 bushels that of Maine. According to the latest statistics, South Carolina further produces more peas 'and beans by 180,000 bushels than all the Northern States together, New York alone excepted —more beef cattle than Pennsylvania by 1,740, and almost as many as all the New England States to gether —more sheep than lowa and Wisconsin by 10,699—m0re hogs than New York by 17,254, more hogs than Pennsylvania by 25,137, and 86,000 more than all the New England States, and New Jersey, Michigan, and Wisconsin together. She produces 10,000 more horses and mules than Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island toge ther. So much for the food resources of South Carolina alone. b p u u s b h l e i c l s ) , Tennessee alone produces New According to theraengl d a a s t t Ne c o e pr n rt s ho u d s cu ( ca t tr h io e ol ni r n e ao u ft r o n gN s e o .et f wh eryAp York, as sachussetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine. which, rrok Pennsylvania, Ohio, although for several months in the possession of the - bNd G uuo o scr v bet e eh r 2l n s4C m lei f e ro ono wheat,l t oi naat bushels W na a s a h gTo i u n efa g nnw t nt o hie n tes y , sa eat exceeding withheld m e porroedutchea Inbl yts f h r 4 o 3e7 m o glO t ,6oe h 9oa e 3to, a Pennsylvania, the six New E n w heat-growing State of New York. Vi rg i n i a the Virginia:ag ;aggregate J l6 e r s s o e y 6, m C o o r n e n b e o c t g t s c u t t h , a n New all glan gland e S r t s a e t y e l a o l w o n a g , with N m e i w e h g o a r n k ,; for that State (Tennessee) produces 3,104,010 hogs, while the eleven above-mentioned Northern States produce but 3,086,503. Many people have supposed that the North was the great hog-producing section of the States, but such is not, the fact. The whole number of hogs produced in 1850 was 30,316,608, of which the slave holding States furnished 20,770,700, or more than two-thirds of the entire swine production. Another equally remarkable fact is, that the cot ton States produced in 1850 more beef cattle than l the six New England States, New York, Peenasyd vania, Ohio, New Jersey, Indiana , Michigan, n Winconsin together. h States ro the non duced 1,782,887 more beef cattleot a o n re all horses and slave-holding States, and 260,00 m mules. gu res should materially The foregoing facts ands s i o n which so generally modify the erroneous i mp p re vails as to the food re sourcesr of the Confederate Lastly, in 1860, all the slave - h olding p States. ing aChhuagrievraifireiapcuabni while Europe, with helmet exclaims, ,etr, s i a a p e ri p st r i e l p t c r t toevioilimecb.stuaingate to 1: I li t oNa arms Nteeth,a FRANCE.--The nAb a llo n : E d ' h . : T d all this xatiou is pub lishes an engraving which represents Austria and Venetia :S ahrr un eadel d i e na r gr ; m he right arm, shows every mark of impatience, I am quite tired of remaining armed in this way on account of you both. I wantlay some understand ingto aside my rifled cannon, dust i" a a n ad d CARICATIvUedt RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. INVERNESS AND ABERDEEN JUNCTION. The directors of this company state in their report that the traffic receipts for the half-year ending the 31st of August last amount to £24,516, including £32 from the preceding account. The expenditure amounts to £9,74 9, the interest on debentures and open accounts to £2,819, leaving an available balance of £11,948. From this is deducted £4,928 for divi dends on the 5 per cent,, 6 per cent:, and 4-1- per cent. preference stocks, leaving a balance of £7,020, out of which the directors propose a dividend on the ordinary stock at the rate of 4 per cent. per annum, leaving a balance of £ll3. The increase in the traffie is considered satisfactory, and the working expenses are 38 per cent. of the receipts. The re sult of the half-year's working has been attained after paying 6 per cent. on the Inverness and Nairn stock, in terms of the Amalgamation session. The portion of the Ross-shi r e line extend- Act of last ing from Inverness to Dingwall is expected to be opened for traffic early next year, which cannot fail to exercise a beneficial effect on the traffic of the line. The directors have entered upon negotiations with the board of that company to arrange terms for the early amalgamation and consolidation of the undertakings, and so soon as these have been matured they will be submitted for the considera tion of the proprietors at a special meeting. The directors expect that the Burghead branch, the Act for which received the Royal assent on the 17th of May last, will be opened for traffic early next summer. The works on the Inverness and Perth Junction Railway have been commenced, and will be vigorously prosecuted. The permanent way and rolling stock have been maintained in most efficient order during the last half-year. The capital account to the 31st August shows that £709,844 had been received, and £681,359 expended, leaving a balance of £28,485. GREAT INDIAN PENINSULA. The report of the directors states that during the half-year ending the 30th June last the average number of miles of the comp Tax's railway open for public traffic was 343. The number of passengers conveyed over the line during the half year was 1,182,078 against 691,862 in the corresponding half of 1860; the receipt for passengers amounted to £49,486 against £40,042 in the same half of last year, showtng an increase of £,455. The number of tons of merchandise and material carried was 146,820 against 109,611, showing an increase of 37,209 tons. The receipt for the conveyance of merchandise and the company's materials amounted to £74,914 against £53,352, showing an increase of £21,562. The total traffic receipts for the half year ending the 30th of June amounted to £133,448 against £101,250, showing an increase of £32,198 over the receipts of the corresponding half of 1860. The total expenditure amounted to £99,208, or 74 . 34 per cent., against £60,091, or 59.34 per cent., showing an increase of £39,117, or 15 . per cent. The net profit on the working for the past half year amounted to £34,240, against £41,159 in the corresponding half of 1860, showing a de crease of £6,919. The receipts per train mile were ss. 84,c1., against 6s. lad., and the expendi ture 4s. 21d., against 3s. 7.1. d. in the correspond ing period of 1860. The directors considered the results of the passenger and merchandise traffic satisfactory, in as far as they proved that the traffic of the districts through which the railway passed was being rapidly attracted to it. They were, how ever, of opinion that the money return was not com mensurate with the work performed, and that the experimental rates for both passengers and goods now charged w ou ld r e qu i r e considerable alteration in order to realise the company's just expectations. The subject of rates was of great importance, but as long as the question continued to be affected by the highly exceptional state of the railway at the Bhore and Thull Ghats, it would not be possible to arrive at any definite settlement; and so long, therefore, the existing rates must be considered as experi mental. The same causes which operated unfavour ably on the receipts of th e ra il w ay occasioned an expenditure greatly in excess of the ordinary work ing charges. In illustration of this statement, it might be mentioned th a t w hil e it h a d b een f oun d expedient to regulate charges for goods upon the basis of a through railway rate, as if the railway on the Ghats were completed, the company had to bear the actual cost of transporting them by the ordinary road over those very difficult mountain passes. The works of the railway on t h e Gh ats were b e i ng exe cuted with the utmost vigour by the contractors, and there was every prospect of the Bhore Ghat incline being completed for railway traffic in the course of next year. The railway was the means of bringing into Bombay during last season large quantities of cotton, whereby the active trade in that article was very much assisted. The whole of the opened lines, both in the Conran and in the Deccan, were maintained in good working order at a mileage cost of £46135. 2d. The rolling stock was also thoroughly upheld and the necessary repairs were promptly executed. The works of the railway were subjected to a severe test by the extraordinary high floods of last monsoon. The floods of that period were stated to have been the highest on record, and to have far exceeded any that had occurred since the commencement of the railway. It was satisfactory therefore to find that, with the exception of the Goolbun viaduct, the works sustained very little injury, and that no serious interruption of the traffic was occasioned. This viaduct, at about six miles from Kussarab, at the foot of the Thull Ghat, t fell in, during a violent storm, on the night of the Ist July. An arrangement had been made under h which the contractor would construct anembank ment, with tunnel arches, across the he shortestthr ouh time . ravine, a communicationsubstituteforthbeyvriaaidluweay nd st, within ° possible, pending which the goods traffic would and would have to be worked between the ravineGooibun It the top of the Thull Ghat over the public road. restore s t t h o e r e t g was expected that a further portion of the line from Nassick to Chalesgaon, 8 7 miles in length, would be a and openedtha that for contracts publi c traffic Nos. l o s n , I t 6 h a l n s d t o l f 7 o (t c h to e b j er a inst., bbni. pore line), had, with the sanction of the Secretary of State for India in Ccuncil, been relet. The local Government had definitively fixed on Warree Ban der as the site for the company's Bombay goods ter minus, notwithstanding the site was objected to by the board, in which objection they were supported by the commercial community at Bombay. It, there fore, only remained to carry into effect the orders of the Government, though entirely opposed, in the opinion of the directors, to the best interests of the t e t r ihn , e to co loo s n t ss a et t r e ap t or h toi a xo t ina o h i ft ; railway company andthe p u bli c. I t was sat i s f ac t or y, t G h e o v p e e r r n m m a e n n e t a t hadpassenger - that £7,181,150 had been retcoeitvheed The capital account to th e 30 t h of June last s h owe d th s oo a wn t i ee o dv n port soli n of x 6 13 , 9 0 5 m 0 b , 2 a 6 y 9 expended, leaving a b a l ance of £230,881. The net . revenue account showed that the total net profit from working the trat4o amounted from the Qom- n off. First W.O. tudi ling- -3,000 rated at Lards after reen lout 1 ain- 7 do ilue. ;(3 iu ; per ines 1; 3r qr 40s 44s 40a 42s hick , at dew. same a. $. 4 0 1 6 1. 2. 4. 30. 30. 10. 21. 29. 29. an rial ent Has no not of not er— lOr Les he 111