The Sun. — London, England, 1861-08-16 00:00:00

THE SOCIAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION. DUBLIN, THURSDAY. The Social Science Congress has opened as satis factorily as the most sanguine friends of the asso ciation could have wished. Failure in such cases is in this country often laid to the charge of the weather, and the plea might well have availed yes terday, for the rain poured incessantly from morn ing till night. But if it had any effect on the attend ance at the Mansion-house it was only to prevent excessive overcrowding. The office of the associa tion was besieged the whole day up to the hour of meeting, with persons seeking tickets. The num ber issued was for members at a guinea each, 285 ; for associates, at 10s, 1,386 ; total, 1,671. A large proportion of the latter were ladies' tickets. Allowing a margin for life members of the society and for those who had received invitations, the attendance may be set down at about 1,800 ; some of the reports say 2,000. The platform, which extended in the shape of a crescent at each side of the chair, was crowded with peers, judges, church dignitaries, public functionaries, and the leading gentry of the metropolis. At a quarter-past 8 o'clock the Lord Lieutenant arrived, accompanied by Lord Brougham and Vaux, President of the Association ; the Lord Mayor, the Duke of Wellington, Viscount Annesley, Lady Caroline Lascelles, Miss E. Lascelles, Lady Geor gina Russell, the Earl of Bessborough, Lord Talbot de Malahide, and Lord Curriehill, and attended by Major-General Sir Thomas Larcom, K.C.8., Mr. Haschell, Capt. Everard, and Capt. Gore. They were conducted to the platform by the local secre taries, Mr. John Lentaigne, Dr. Neilson Hancock, and Dr. Waller. The whole meeting rose and cheered Lord Brougham very warmly when he appeared. Mr. G. W. Hastings, the general secretary, having announced the number of tickets sold, and some necessary changes in the programme, the Pre -sident rose and delivered his address (a copy of which we published yesterday), at the conclusion of which he was loudly applauded. When the cheering ceased the LORD •LIEUTEN ANT rose and said—My Lord Brougham, ladies, and gentlemen—l have not risen with the presumptu ous intention of pointing out or portraying the varied merits of that full, able, and eloquent address to which we have just had the pleasure and privi lege of listening. (Cheers.) Its rich copiousness of topics belongs to the several departments of inquiry sow about to be opened in this present meeting. The eminent and enlightened men who constitute the sections will bring to that address all the dis criminating attention which its importance so am ply deserves. But about the author of that address, the renowned president of our Social Congress— (loud applause)—though he has himself given me a warning that panegyrics are never popular, yet I must be permitted to say what shall nevertheless be a very few words. Those words indeed might be many if they endeavoured to' follow the brilliant track of his lengthened career, or to sum up the diversified list of his powers, or the great amount of his achievements. I will not rekindle the ashes of any ancient controversies, nor run the risk of awakening the sparks of new ones ; I will not utter even one of these breathing and burning words which have formed the battle cries of contending parties ; but I will only ask, what great cause has triumphed within the memory of the present cen tury which is not associated with the name, the . labours, and the triumphs of Harry Brougham and Lord Brougham ? (Great cheering.) Without trenching too much upon what is merely personal, I may mention the delight it has been to me to bring to a meeting like this as my honoured guest that person who, more than 30 years ago, was my own colleague in the representation of what was then by far the largest constituency in the United Kingdom. Often have I heard him—as was said of a great orator of old, whom he has been one of the foremost to appreciate and approach— _ _ " Torrentem et pleni moderantem frona theatri." (Applause.) Audit is now, indeed, a rare and re freshing spectacle to see him, at the period of life which he has reached, with a milder and a mellower wisdom, filling up the large outline of his past career, and crowning his life-long work of public spirit and benevolence: (Renewed applause.) A few words more I feel to be due to the occasion of our being here assembled, and I may, from the cir cumstance of the post which I now have the honour to fill in this country, avail myself of a somewhat representative capacity in bidding welcome to the Association for the Promotion of Social Science within the ancient capital of Ireland. (Applause.) It has been my lot to serve in the ranks of this as sociation when it held one of its meetings upon English soil, in the great town of Liverpool, and I have formed a high estimate of its capacity for use fulness. (Hear.) Besides the amount of actual knowledge imparted and of ideas interchanged, the main advantage gained from the concourse of so much intelligence and benevolence is the stimulus and guidance which it affords to private effort; and it may well happen that statesmen and legislatures may derive some of their happiest and most preg nant inspirations from the hints thrown out and picked up in the quiet and earnest gatherings of the sections of this association. The association, ladies and gentlemen, has, for two or three successive years, held its meetings in England and in Scotland. It now opens this evening its beneficent mission among a quickwitted, an impulsive, and a generous people, and I firmly trust that the results of it, be ing gathered, in Dublin and in Ireland, will be mu tually satisfactory and salutary. (Applause.) I now beg leave to move—" That this association offers to the Brou g h am , th e P res id en t, it s wa rm thanks for a el . oquent address now delivered, and for his un wemed exertions in its support." (Loud applause.) The Right Hon. Mr. Justice FITZGERALD seconded the proposition. He said—Ladies, my I lords, and gentlemen, I have the distinguished honour of being per m itted to second this vote of thanks to the noble lord, our venerated President— (hear)—and I may at once say that even if I had the power of any of the great men around about me, I could not add anything to the impressive and classic address which we have just heard upon this resolution from our noble Viceroy,_ an addrss giving a due meed of praise to our noble president, and which comes with peculiar force,—which comes with weighty authority from the Earl of Carlisl e —. (hear)—because he is one who has himself fought in the same ranks,—fought with Henry Lord Broug ham in the first rank—(applause)—and has with him contended from the earliest portion of his career in the same cause of social science, and the advancement of the best interests of his fellow-crea tures. (Hear, hear.) But, though my 1701C0 may be feeble, and may carry with it no authority, there is one portion of the career of Lord Brougham, in reference to which, with your permission, I would give expression to a single sentence. It is not my intention, as you may guess, to speak of him as an orator, much less as a politician, nor yet as a writer, whose pen has thrown a light upon the page of science, and illustrated the history of his country —(hear)—but I may speak with more appropriate ness, and, perhaps, with some little authority upon his career as a law reformer. (Hear.) Let us not treat lightly this subject, for it is one of the most important branches of social science. (Hear.) It comes home to every one, whether he is high or low—the improvement of the administration of justice—the rendering of that administration eco nomic, speedy, and pure. And for 50 years of his ife henry Brougham and Lord Brougham has lent abilities, and the aid of his great station and of 11 . 1 ' O i at mnd to the advancement of social science. ,1„ t ''''' ar •) If there h were one among us who was un acquainted • t on this, in der t o blest, with the extent of the debt we owe him Lord and the obligations which we are üßrougham, we might refer to his speech d e li veredin 1828 —now 33 p .O years ago—in mo 'zing for a Sal Commission, the result of - which has laid the felmdati3 of th every law reform that we have had fro sent. (Hear, hear.) I am day to the pre at will par don a member m sure this meeting making an A ssoc i ation, him self a lawyer, for an ob servat i on or two f,-)n this subject. As I har e said, w e cannot over estia tate its impo rtance —it c omes home o tor justice a nd pure administration every one— -the speedy And if I wanted aut horit y u p on its i n , • portanc e , I might refer to the well-known =and oft -repeated anecdote that the great Napoleon himself said he would not go down to posterity as the hero of Ma rengo or the victor of Austerlitz; he preferred de scending to posterity with the Code Napoleon in his hand. (Applause.) Upon this subject Henry Brougham, the enlightened senator, and Lord Brougham, the great and enlightened judge, has ever been foremost to lend his great aid to every measure of law reform. He was the associate of 1 Romilly, he was the friend of Mackintosh ; at a later period, possibly in a less degree, he aided the lamented Sir Robert Peel in the carrying out of those great reforms which have so purified and im proved our law. (Hear.) And in reviewing his career on this single subject I may use, with your permission, language of his own—language intended for a Royal ear, and to invite the then holder of the sceptre of Great Britain to lend his aid to this great branch of social reform. Pointing out that crown which even royalty might hope to win, he made use of language, a sentence of which I will presume to read for you, because it appears to me in pro phetic language, looking back over half a century, to have described the career of Lord Brougham him self. His language was this :—" He found the law dear ; he made it cheap. He found it a sealed book; he left it a living letter. He found it the patrimony of the rich ; he left it the inheritance of the poor. He found it the two-edged sword of craft and op pression; he left it the staff of honesty and the shield of innocence." (Loud applause.) That eloquent lan guage describes most accurately the career of Lord Brougham himself. (Hear.) I join most heartily in seconding the resolution, which has been pro posed by our noble Viceroy, [of warm thanks to Lord Brougham for the eloquent address now de livered ; but in thanking Lord Brougham for that eloquent—l may c all it that wonderf u l address— in greeting with the "hundred thousand welcomes" —(hear, hear, and applause)—the arrival of Lord Brougham among us, and while we rejoice that the hand of time has pressed so lightly upon him, it is meet that we also—the Irish members of this great asssociation—should resolve to emulate his example, and, though at a great distance, to follow in his footsteps—to endeavour with him, as members of this association, to promote and advance the cause of Social Science, and to believe that in advancing that cause we use our best efforts to promote the happiness and increase the welfare of mankind. (Loud applause.) The Duke of WELLINGTON, on rising to support the resolution, was received with enthusiastic and prolonged plaudits, which were again and again renewed. He said :—My Lord Brougham, my lords, ladies, and gentlemen—l trust that I shall not be deemed presumptuous if I humbly echo the congratulation which is contained in the resolution that you have heard. Lord Brougham has justly remarked that it is right and proper this meeting should be held in Dublin, for where better can there be a meeting of the advocates of social im provement than in Ireland, where social develop ment has advanced with such rapid and such ex traordinary strides ? (Hear, hear, and cheers.) Whatever may be the success of the delibera tions of eminent men during the ensuing week, all must feel that it cannot but be attended with great public advantage that those who have given illustrations of their principles through themselves and their countries should meet, not for selfish objects, but for the advancage of mankind in general. (Hear, hear.) And I can hardly help alluding to Lord Brougham himself, for in him we see one who through a long career has never fox a moment relaxed in his earnest desire to give the world the benefit of his great ability. While no subject has been above his philosophy. nothing that is human has been beneath his hu manity. (Applause.) The motion was carried by acclamation. Lord BROUGHAM, on rising to return thanks, was again warmly received. He said—l assure you, ladies and gentlemen, I feel most sensibly the great kindness with which you have received the propo sition of my noble friend the Lord Lieutenant, and my right hon. and learned friend, and my noble friend the Duke, who has supported it. I must say that I am deeply indebted to the people of Dublin for the kind and affectionate reception which they have given me on this occasion. Lord CURRIEHILL begged to ask the concurrence of the meeting to the following resolution :—"That the cordial thanks of this association be given to the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor of Dublin for placing the Round-room at their disposal for the meeting this evening." It had been remarked by the noble chairman that this science, like all other sciences, was a progressive one, and its history verified that remark. Nothing was accelerating its prcy, ress more than the annual meetings which were being held in different provinces of the empire by the present association. (Hear, hear.) His Excellency the Lord Lieutenant had borne testimony to the great success which attended one of its meetings—that held in Liverpool. (Hear, hear.) He (Lord Curriehill) could bear testimony to similar success having attended its last meeting held in Scotland. (Hear, hear.) The noble chairman had alluded to one example of its effects in reference to education, and had stated with truth that on that subject, which had agitated Scotland for a great number of years, meetings had been held, and though the discus sion commenced with great keenness, it ended in a most amicable spirit, and the re sult now had been that the matter was brought be fore Parliament, and the royal assent had been given to an act giving satisfaction to all parties. He looked forward to results still more important from the present meeting of the association, and he did so on this ground, that the subject of their delibe rations was "science," and though people were apt to attach to that name something that implied hard exercise of the intellect, yet social science appealed also to the sensibilities of the heart, and he knew that he was now speaking in a country which was distinguished above everything else by the warmth of heart of its inhabitants—(hear) ; and therefore he expected this science would find is Ireland fitting soil for its growth. (Hear, hear.) The learned speaker observed that it was now 20 years since he had been Ireland, and, comparing its condition then with its appearance now, he could hardly identify it as the same country. He concluded by proposing the vote of thanks to the Lord Mayor. Mr. M. D. HILL, Recorder of Birmingham, said at that late hour he would not intrude further on the attention of the meeting than simply to second the proposition. The Noble PRESIDENT—You have heard the re solution read, with which, I am sure, we must all concur. (Hear.) I may as k those who are not o f that opinion to hold up their hands. (Laughter.) I don't see one. (Renewed laughter.) The resolution is Thecarried unanimouslyonp MAYOR s said it afforded him great sa tisfaction that, in the position of Lord Mayor of this city, he had an opportunity of paying that re spect and attention to the very valuable association ' which had favoured this city on this occasion. (Hear.) It afforded him great gratification to see that it was taken up by so many ladies and gentle. men of the first influence in Dublin, which was a high compliment to the association and to Lord Brougham, the President of it. (Hear.) He (the Lord Mayor) was sure that in giving the Mansion House for the accommodation (;f the present meet ing of the association it could not be in any know anybetter manner occupied (hear)—ard he did not former meeting ever held there which had a more patriotic object than the present. (Hear.) It was delightful to see it taken up with such earnestness by ladies, because when they took up anything it 'a-as sure to succeed. (Hear, and laughter.) The proceedings then terminated. The British Charge d'Affaires at Hamburg, Mr. Ward, arrived at Berlin a few days since. According to the Hamburg Correspondent, Mr. Ward is charged by the Eng lish government to carry on the negotiations respecting the commercial relations between England and the Zoll veroin. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Pills.—Excursions Unattainable.—There are multitudes in this metropolis who cannot conveniently absent themselves from their occupation to enjoy that change of air and scene so neces sary to good health. Such persons will find that, next to country air, the best purifiers of the blood are Holloway's Pills. They improve the action of every human organ by expelling impurities and all other noxious matters which have gained admission either into the solid or fluid mate rials of which the body is composed. These Pills usually act as 'mild aperients. Holloway's Pills have long been regarded as the safest antidotes for disease both in cold and warm climates, a n d th e surest opponent to a ll com plaints incidental to men, women, and children. THE SUN, I LONDON, FRIDAY EVEIitZ46.,, AUGUST 16, 1861. district, that it comprised an area of 1,732,000 acres, or 2,706 square miles, of which only 566,000 were cultivated, the remainder being waste, and even this cultivation was imperfect, and there was no irrigation ; that it yielded a revenue of less than half a rupee an acre, and that the greater part of this had been of late years subject to great vicissitudes ; and under these circumstances they would be pre pared to learn that the condition of the people was most wretched. Again, Sir Arthur Cotton said— " You cannot imagine anything more melancholy or disgraceful than all you see and hear of this delta ; the people are steeped in poverty, their means of cultivation are miserable, and the cultivation the most wretched I ever saw. There is not one single rood in the district that is practicable in the mon soons, by the floods washing across the country almost without control." That was the present condition of this district of Orissa, poor, miserable, and wretched in the midst of the materials of wealth and prosperity, with a soil that was capable of pro ducing the richest products. It suffered from two evils, inundation and drought ; it was impossible to conceive of two greater extremes, but one was an antidote to the other, and all they had to do was to apply the one to the cure of the other. It was im possible to conceive an enterprise more encouraging than that hi which this company was engaged; it commended itself to all their feelings of philan thropy, and what was perhaps of far more conse quence in this money-making age, it commended itself to their pockets. He believed that it con tained within itself the elements of great commer cial success, and that there were no works either in India or elsewhere that promised to pay better. They were told that if the remedy was applied the productiveness of the soil would be six times mul tiplied. He need not remind them of Tanjore, and how that district had improved under irrigation, nor of its effects in the Raja Mundy. But to show them the results of irrigation he might point to the remarkable instance mentioned by Mr. Smith, an executive officer of Bengal, who stated that Mr. Grose, at a cost of £230, made a dam across the Damoodah nearly a quarter of a mile long, by whieh he successfully turned the whole of its water into another channel, from which he afforded irrigation to 11,666 acres of rice cultivation, moderately valued at £5,250. What this gentleman had done in one locality they proposed to do with the Orissa district at large, and there was no reason to doubt that the profit, though it might not be so great as that reaped by Mr. Grose, would be wonderfully large. There was one point he might mention, and that was the facility which the Mahanuddy gave for navigation. The river was navigated by the natives 200 or 300 miles above Cuttack, and during floods much higher. When they had completed their works the navigation would be extended up to the Hooghly ; and by the Godavery on the one hand, and the Mahanuddy on the other, one in the west and the other in the south, they would open up the Berar district, and give the means of con veying the important produce of that district to the seashore. He did not consider that what they con templated doing was attended with any great diffi culty. It was a law of nature that no great work was without difficulty, but the result in this case would entirely compensate for the diffi cultips to be encountered and overcome. It had been said that this work should he left to Go vernment ; but what had Government done already ? The ancient works were neglected, and it even suffered the main road from Madras to Calcutta to be impassable during several months of the year. He thought this company de served better treatment than it had received at the hands of the Secretary for India. This, however, was matter of the past. A great field had been opened up to British capitalists, and he should be greatly deceived in his estimation of British enter prise if that field wore not well worked, and he was convinced that the result would be a large return for the capital invested, and the gratitude of a suf fering but deserving people. He would only add that the company had since succeeded in obtaining their charter of incorporation and also in raising more capital. They would find from the statement of accounts that the amount received in deposits was £45,000. The proposed capital was one million sterling, hut they had reserved 5,000 shares for allotment in India, but they did not of course ex ptct to allot these shares till the contract was com pleted, and they were in a position to tell the people there that they could commence operations. In conclusion, he moved that the report be received and adopted. General Sir G. POLLOCK seconded, and the mo• tion was carried nein. dis. Alderman Finnis and Mr. Bonar, jun., were then appointed auditors. Mr. ATKIN moved that the sum of £l,OOO be the annual remuneration divisible among the directors for their services. He said the manner in which the directors had conducted their affairs showed that they were every way worthy of the confidence of the shareholders. They were entitled to the gratitude of the people of India, and to the grati tude of Sir C. Wood, who had through them been pre'vented from being handed down to posterity as the slayer of private enterprise throughout India. Colonel MANN seconded, and the motion passed unanimously, as did also another, proposed by the chairman, fixine , the salary of Mr. Westwood, the secretary, at £l,OOO a-year. The salary of the auditors was fixed at £2O. The CHAIRMAN then moved that the annual ordi nary general meeting be fixed to be held sometime in the month of April or May, and the half-yearly meeting in October or November, the first of such last mentioned meetings to be held in 1862. The motion was agreed to, and after a vote of thanks to the chairman the meeting separated. EAST INDIA IRRIGATION AND CANAL COMPANY. The first ordinary general meeting of the share holders in this company was held at the London Tavern yesterday—James Thompson, Esq., in the chair. The report having been taken as read, The CHAIRMAN said the prospectus of this company, which was issued after a lengthened negotiation with the Secretary of State for India, was based on terms which had been agreed upon with him, and they did not anticipate that they should experience any serious difficulty in coming to a practical understanding with the supreme Government of India. They were in the first in stance most desirous to come to a settlement with the home authorities, as had been done in all other cases where companies had been established in this country for the carrying out of public works in India. They were not aware of any sufficient ob jection to this course on the part of the Government, and they still thought that with an honest desire on both sides to come to a satisfactory conclusion, this would have been the most expedient and certainly by far the promptest course of procedure. The Secretary of State, however, ruled otherwise, and they accepted a reference to Bengal, on the faith that thenceforth they would have to do only with the supreme Government of India, and that the Governor-General would feel himself competent to make an arrangement with them on the basis of the terms which had been agreed upon. They accord ingly communicated with the supreme Government on the Ist of September last, and they at the same time availed themselves of the opportunity of for warding to the Governor-General a draft contract for consideration. His reply was dated the sth Decembr, showing that it met his immediate atten tion ; but having been forwarded to the Secretary of State, though it was due in the middle of January, it did not reach them till the middle of March. (Hear, hear.) This reply was in all respects satis factory. The Governor-General understood the terms they proposed to Sir C. Wood as they understood them, and as it appeared to him they would be understood by any ordinary unsophisti cated mind, and the suggestions that he made and spirit in which he met their propositions were such as to assure them that from his Government they should receive every consideration. In forwarding this despatch the Secretary of State took the op portunity to tell them that they and the Governor- General had in one essential point entirely miscon ceived his intentions. It was stipulated in the original basis of agreement that the whole profit of their works should be theirs ; that the price of the water sold to the Government should be fixed by legislative enactment before the works were com menced ; and that such water should be sold only to the Government with the view, as they understood, of preventing any difficulty, and saving the neces sity of their coming into contact with the cultiva tors. The Secretary of State now intimated, how ever, that by such whole profits he merely meant the sale price altogether, irrespective of the profit that was the effect of their irrigation of the land ; that this price, moreover, was to he altered from time to time ; and that, in fact, the Government was to be at perfect liberty to charge what rates they chose to the cultivator, in the shape of land tax, altogether without reference to the value of the ir rigation to the cultivator, and without reference to the sale price to them. In order to understand this completely it was necessary to bear in mind that in no part of India that he was aware of was the water rate—that was, the intrinsic value of the water—kept entirely distinct from the land tax, except in two cases, Rajanaundry and the Ganges Canal, where the land tax was separate from the water rate ; but in both those cases the distinction was more nominal than real. That being the case, if the Government reserved to themselves the right of altering the price of water from time to time, and of increasing the land tax of the lands irrigated by the company on the ground of improved value con sequent on irrigation, this was nothing more nor less than indirectly appropriating to themselves a portion of the profits. The company did not desire to interfere with the discretion of the Government in dealing with the proper land-tax of the country in any way they might deem expedient, but the company understood their profit to be the value of the irrigation as between themselves and the. culti vator, and they contended that if the Government assumed to themselves either directly or indirectly the charging of rates for water other than they paid to them, this would not be carrying out the spirit of their agreement that the whole profits should be long to the company. He thought this would be generally admitted, and it seemed strange that it should be disputed by the Secretary of State. The Governor-General had no doubt on the subject, and if he had been left to conclude the arrangement on the basis of the terms which had been agreed upon with Sir C. Wood—and what other object was there in referring it to the supreme Government ?—the whole matter would have been arranged. To this point, however, they had now got, after a lengthened negotiation, an arduous struggle, and a considerable delay. They had received the asserance of the Secretary for India that the matter was left entirely in the hands of Lord Canning, and that what ever he did would be confirmed by the Government at home. The Government had suggested to them to send out an agent to negotiate with the supreme Government, but they had thought it not desirable to do that till the contract laying down the general principles on which they were to proceed was signed, and as he had mentioned they some time ago sent out a draft contract, in which Lord Can ning had made some alterations. These they had mainly concurred in, and there was now nothing to interfere with the satisfactory settlement of that contract. When the contract had been signed they would appoint an engineer with a sufficient staff, to survey the country and to plan the works, and no further expense would be incurred till this sur vey and plans had been completed, and the nature and extent of the works had been satisfactorily ascertained. The territory of Orissa had for some years forced itself upon the attention of Govern ment. There were many parts of England which had been equally neglected, but nowhere, perhaps, had the result of mismanagement and neglect been so apparent and attended with such direful conse quences as in this unfortunate province of Orissa. This province might be taken as consisting of three tracts, The first skirted the sea coast, was low and swampy, and was turned to little account, its chief product being salt, of which a large quan tity was produced, and which yielded a large re venue. This district was intersected with a great many small streams, which contained in them a subsoil of fine mud, calculated to act as a good manure, and there was no doubt that under good treatment this part of the country admitted t o % very great extent of profitable culti vation. It had, however, b€en turned t o very little account, mainly from the vicissitudes of the sea sons and the great risk that attended its cultivation. It produced some of the staple articles of commerce w hich were grown there in different patches, but only to a very small extent, though there was no doubt that under a different system of management, if there were means of irrigation and transport to the sea-board, they would be produced to a large ex tent. Inland of this district was the second dis trict, densely wooded, and also said to be rich in mineral wealth. The district had beeh recently surveyed, and the engineer said the upper region of the Mahanuddy certainly admitted of very great improvement. The floods in the river rose seven feet above the level of the country, and the natural result followed, that the whole country was periodically submerged. Mr. Shore, a Go vernment officer, speaking of this, said :—" It is not right that the people should every year be kept on the qui vice for two or three days and nights, waiting for a signal to fly to the highest attainable ground, and see their houses crushing around them." This occurred not once in a century but every year, and sometimes twice a year. In addition to this the town of Cuttack was annually in the greatest danger of being destroyed by the fieods. The engineer reported that on the last oc casion, if the water had risen only three inches higher nothing could have saved the town ; that a breach was made, and it was only by the greatest exertions that they filled it up with bags of sand. lie was sure there was not one present who would not respond to the observation of Sir Arthur Cotton, w cha b h,r o insia s tg pe pn a a k sc i so n eu g d notffrryot, from the district, said :—" Think of a tract held for 50 years by a c ivilised, energetic, without hands houtone of a indicationsemsemi-civilised heathen government, excepting in its being much great t e protectedand serious evmil the e ods than govern before." raent had been ban attempting kin e n t s remedy oneeid e ellyththeevacroinesuteruechtainonnelosf, and d if this had been done when the main river was making openings through the delta it might have been done at a comparatively moderate outlay, but as usual the matter was neglected, and it was only after the dangerous results of such neglect became apparent thst the means IV been taken to provide a remedy. But the only object and effect of the embankments would be to restore the river to its poriginalrnvide for condition droughts o ; th eyby whichls7O lil e 0 co tl u O n n t l r h y l g w to s liable to be visited. As hp had said, there was at present no irrigation, though this was a country which seemed by nature to have been intended for irrigation, and bylirrigation these large rivers which hitherto had been a curse might be made a blessing. At present the whole revenue of Onttack ' a district as large as Wales, was only 16 'tics or £160 : 000, but which it was stated by Capt. Beadle, a govern ment officer, might, by a little attention to irriga tion, be increased to £400,000, Capt Short said of the eouthern portion of the Cuttackdiqriot, the Po9ree TEE BUILDERS' STRIKE. While the Government, in concession to repre sentations made to them by the London trade dele gates, have agreed at the end of the present month to withdraw the Sappers from their employment at the Chelsea-barracks, on the groand of its inter ference with trade disputfs, a similar system has within the last few days been introduced at the Aldershot Camp. Mr. Myers, of Lambeth, has just commenced there the erection of a large range of Artillery stables, and the workmen, bricklayers and others, are all soldiers. There are 24 bricklayers and 100 labourers employed, belonging to the fol lowing regiments—the 10th, 84th, 32d, 25th, 72d, Rifles, and Sappers. The attention of the Secretary for War is to be immediately called to the subject, in the beliaf that the order for the employment of the soldiers has emanated from some subordinate quarter. No strike had taken place on the works, it being without the district in the limits of which the dispute exists. Mr. Myers is also erecting the gas works at the camp, and the workmen employed there have refused to work overtime, or beyond 10 hours per day. The bricklayers employed by Mr. Parry, of Stratford, in erecting a large. rope manu factory at Shadwell, having ascertained that the masons in the same employ were receiving the terms of the compromise, waited upon Mr. Parry yester day, requesting to be put upon the same footing. This having been refused, the men, 10 in number, comprising one society and nine non-society men, at once left work, and reported themselves to the strike committee, declining, however, to come on the strike fund. An aggregate meeting of the opera tive bricklayers of the metropolis was held last evening at Hawkstone-hall, Waterloo-road, to re ceive a report from the strike committee as to the present position of the dispute, the amount of moneys received and expended during the strike, and to re-elect the present committee, or appoint a new one, to carry on the struggle. The meeting was strictly confined to members of the trade. No alteration has taken place in the position of the masons during the present week. BRITISH FISHERIES. The annual report of the commissioners for the British fisheries notices the growing tendency to open the continental markets to the herring trade by a eduction of import duties. Hitherto the trade has been chiefly with Prussia and the Baltic ports, but France has already in the new commercial treaty greatly reduced her duties, though probably not enough yet to aliow a thriving trade to be pushed in that quarter. Negotiations are also on toot with Austria, where a very large business could he done, profitably to both nations, it Austria could be induced to relax her tariff. The British herring fishing of 1860 yi e ld e d more than i an average catch, t and a large prop o rtion-681,193 b_lrrels—was cured. The brand, though there is now a fee upon it, is as much in request and estimation as ever, and 231,913 barrels were branded last year, 377 970 barrels were exported, 291,401 to the continent. The returns for cod and ling show rather smaller quantities cured and exported than in the preced ing year. The herring, cod, and ling fisheries em ployed 12,721 boats, manned by 42,430 fishermen and boys, and the boats and nets and lines engaged were of the estimated value of £750,196. The admi nistration of the fishery convention with France was, as usual, attended last year with difficulty, owing to the encroachments of French fishermen within the three-mile boundary; but the French naval officers sent in cruisers to watch over their own fishermen were always ready to promote the impartial investigation by the magistrates of Charges of infraction of the convention, and M. de Fouillioy, -p rench naval commandant, gave very cordial assistance to effect the adjustment of such cases. The Lords of the Admiralty intend to apply a stronger force in tuture, and thus remove the allurement of an unprotected boundary, which brings on so many encroachments and quarrels gmons the fishermen, ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE, HOME CIRCUIT--CROYDON, Aug. 15. (Before Mr. Justice Blackburn and a Common Jury.) MIDDLETON V. DRAGE. This was an action brought by the plaintiff, Emily Middleton, against the defendant. Edmund Drage, to recover damages for the breach of his promise to marry her, and the damages were laid at £5OO. The defendant pleaded that he did not make the promise alleged in the declaration. Sergeant Shee and Mr. Woollett were for the plaintiff; Mr. Denman, Q.C., and Mr. Needham, were for the defendant. Sergeant Shee, in opening the case to the jury, said the plaintiff was a young woman 24 years of age, who resided with her mother at Lynn, in Nor folk, and although they were not wealthy, the family were in a respectable position, her father having been an architect and surveyor, and upon his death, which took place in the year 1852, the plaintiff resided with her mother, and if his . instruc tions were correct, the defendant had been guilty of a most heartless act of seduction towards her under a solemn promise of marriage. The defendant was about 3.5 years of age, and resided at a place called East Rudham, a few miles from Lynn, and he farmed land at that place,carried on the business of a corn dealer, and from his establishment, and the way in which he lived, exhibited all the appearance of a man of property. The defendant and the plaintiff, it appeared, had first met at a bazaar that was held at Lynn, about two years ago, and he continued to pay attention to the plaintiff wherever he met her, and about the month of Feb., 1859, he was introduced to her mother, and very shortly after that time it appeared that he announced his intention to marry her, and was received upon that footing in the family. The circumstances of the family did not admit of their keeping a servant, and shortly after the introduction of the defendant to the mother of the plaintiff, it appeared that she left home upon a visit to a relation, the plaintiff remaining at home in charge of the house. The defendant was in the habit of paying constant visits, and upon one occasion while ' the mother was absent upon this visit, he went into the plaintiff's bedroom and succeeded in obtaining possession of her person. After this had taken place the defendant gradually absented him self from the house, and although the plaintiff wrote no less than 20 letters to him imploring him to keep the solemn promise he had made to her, he did not condescend to reply to any of them, and it was not until several months afterwards that the mother was informed of the painful position in which her daughter was placed. She then, it ap peared, wrote to the defendant, entreating him to keep his promise, but to this letter he also sent no reply, and the mother of the plain tiff then sought an interview with the defendant and asked him whe ther he intended to marry her daughter, and also why he had not answered her letters. In reply to the laet question the defendant said it was no busi ness of hers, and to the other he said he had been informed that the plaintiff nad miscon ducted herself with other men, and he should have nothing more to do with her. The learned sergeant said that under these circumstances the plaintiff had no alter native but to bring the present action,and he observed that, although the defendant had ventured to in sinuate to the mother that her daughter's character was not pure, he had not dared to put a plea to that effect upon the record as an answer to the action, and he called upon the jury to give the plaintiff exemplary damages for the injury she had sustained at his hands. Mrs. Elizabeth Middleton, the mother of the plaintiff, was then examined. She stated that she and her family had resided at Lynn for many, Tears, and her husband had carried on the business of an architect and surveyor at that place. He died in 1852, and after that time the plaintiff continued to reside with her. The defendant resided at East Rudham, about 16 miles from Lynn, and he described himself as a farmer and merchant, and he was in the habit of coming to market at Lynn every Tues day. In February, 1859, she was walking in the town with her daughter, and they met the defendant and he spoke to her daughter, and on the same day she brought him to the house and introduced him to her, and said that he was the gentleman they had seen so frequently bowing to her. The defendant stayed a short time, and when he left he promised to come on the following Monday and take her daugh ter for a ride. After this the defendant paid them constant visits, and upon one occasion witness heard him say to her daughter, " Never mind my friends. They cannot choose a wife for me ; if I was as rich as a Jew, and you had not a penny in the world, I would have you for my wife.' Witness heard the defendant say that he should not make any presents to her daughter, because he thought it was not right for any man to do so to a woman when he intended to make her his wife, and that he wished her to take him fn. himself alone. After she had been on a visit to her sister the defendant ceased to visit at her house, and her daughter, in consequence, appeared very unhappy ; but she did not know all that had taken place until several months afterwards, when the plaintiff informed her of the conduct of the defendant and said that she had written twenty letters to him and he had not answered one of them. Upon receiv ing this information she wrote to the defendant, en treating him to do justice to her daughter, and to keep the promise he had made, but he sent her no reply. In September last she determined to see the defendant, and found him at an inn in Lynn, and she asked him why he had not answered her daugh ter's letters ? He replied that this was no business of hers, and upon her asking him whether or not he intended to marry her daughter, he said he would not take notice of any girl who took notice of other men. Witness asked him what he meant by this statement, and the defendant replied, " She knows." Witness was very angry with him at this, and said she would take that cloak of religion off him if possible. Serjeant Shee—l believe the defendant did always profess to be very religions, and used to talk about the solemnity of marriage. Witness—Yes, he always professed to be a very religious man, and said that he and his family en tertained very high church principles, and that he was in the habit of expounding the Scriptures to the boys in his parish once a week. (A laugh.) The witness added that she told the defendant at the same interview that she was determined to ap peal to the law if she could do so. Cross-examined—The first time she saw the de fendant at her house was in 1859, but she had heard before that that he had been in the habit of paying her daughter attention when he met her, and he used to leave any company he was with to go up to her and shake hands whenever he met her, Matthew Middleton, the brother of the plaintiff, proved that upon one occasion, after the defendant had been introduced to the family in . February, 1850, they were smoking a pipe together, when the defendant said to him, "I suppose you know upon what terms lam come here upon ?" Witness told him he did not know, but he had an idea, and he should know when he told him. The defendant then said, " I have been seeking your sister a length of time, and we have agreed to be married as soon as the arrangements can be made ;" and witness replied that he was glad of it, and hoped they would be happy. This was the plaintiff's case. Serjeant Shee then briefly, and in most eloquent terms, summed up the evidence, and said that it was clear that the defendant was unable to adduce one tittle of evidence to support the insinuation he had made against the character of the plaintiff, and there was not the slighest doubt that he had been guilty of a most heartless act of seduction, which called for exemplary damages. Mr. Denman then made a most able address to the jury for the defendant. He said that as the law at present stood in regard to cases of this description, there was this anomaly, that a plaintiff or defendant could not be examined to show the jury under what circumstances the promise was made, and he could not therefore place the defendant before them to give his version of the transaction. He then proceeded to remark upon the slight evidence there was that any promise had been given, or as to the position of the defendant, and he asked the jury for both these reasons not to give any more than a moderate amount of damages. Mr. Justice Blackburn, in summing up, observed upon the absence of any information being afford e d on either side whether or not a child had been born. Sergeant Shee said it would be admitted that no child was born. The learned judge then proceeded with his sum ming up, and said that he hoped th e j ury wou ld take this and all the other circumstances of the case into their consideration, and give such an amount of damages as they considered reasonable. The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff— damages £250. ..........••••••••• NORTHERN CI RCUIT.—LIvERrooL, Aug. 15. CHARGE AGAINST A MATE OF SHOOTING A SEAMAN. At the Liverpool assizes yesterday, William Crosby, 25, and Matthew Gibney, 32, were arraigned, the former for shooting a coloured seaman, named Henry Johnson, on board the ship Panama, on the 16th May last, and the latter for concealing and harbouring Crosby after he had committed the offence. At the time mentioned the vessel was lying in the Mersey prepared to sail for . San Francisco. Th e pr i soner Crosby was the mate of the Panama, and the prosecutor was one of a number of coloured seamen who had shipped at Liverpool on board the Panama. It appeared that some dis putes had arisen between the black men and the officers of th e s hip, an d th e f ormer having com plained that the provisions wereunfit for food, they were ordered by the officers to leaNte the ship: The tmen declared their willioresa to do so t but 113.81 gi ed on going below first to collect their clothes. Some white seamen having in the meantime arrived alongside, the blaek men were peremptorily re quired to get into the boat. 3, the officers telling them that their clothes would be sent after them. As the men resisted this order an encounter took place; and while the prosecutor was lowering him self into one of the boats, and was suspended by one hand which grasped a rope, the prisoner shot him with a pistol. Johnson loosed his hold im mediately and fell into the water, but was imme diately rescued and conveyed on shore. The defence was that the complaints as to the provision ing of the ship were groundless; that the black sailors outnumbered the whites; that their conduct was very violent, and that from their being armed with knives the prisoner was led to extreme measures in self-defence. The refusal to allow the men to take away their clothes arose, it was con tended, from the fact that the coloured men had each received £5 in advance on going on board, and that the detention of the luggage was merely a device to secure at least part of that money. The prisoner Crosby was found guilty of unlawful wounding, and was sentenced to one month's im prisonment. The other was discharged. THE ROYAL EXCHANGE INSURANCE FORGERIES. Edward Williamson (late agent in Manchester of the Royal Exchange Insurance Company) was arraigned at the Liverpool assizes yesterday upon four indictments charging him with defrauding that company of very large sums of money by means of forged documents representing fictitious claims. He appeared much dejected, and in a low and almost inaudible voice pleaded guilty to all the indictments. Sentence deferred. SPURTING INTELLIGENCE. READING RACES-THURSDAY. The Forbury Stakes (Handicap) of 3 sovs each, with 25 added ; winners extra ; the winner to be sold for £4O. About seven furlongs. Mr. J. Nightingale's Esther, 3 yrs, 7st.. (H. Grimshaw) 1 Mr. S. Jacobs's Cauda, 4 yrs, 7st, 111 b ..(A. Edwar.ls) 2 Mr. B. Land's Cheescake, 4 yrs, 7st lllb .... (Pearson) 3 The following also ran :—Cheesecake, The Pope, Lady Elizabeth, and Dotterell. Betting-7 to 4 agst The Pope, 3to 1 agst Esther, Bto 1 each agst Cheesecake and Joy. The Pope and Cauda obtained a good start, Esther being several lengths in the rear. As they neared the distance Esther took close order with the Pope and Cauda, but was forced on to a pcst at the distance, and had to go round her horses. Opposite the Stand The Pope was beaten, and in a few strides further Esther took the lead, and won easy by a length, three-quarters separating the second from the third. Cheesecake was fourth. Dotterell last. The winner was sold to Mr. Moore for 170 guineas, and goes into Cliff's stable. The Stand Plate (Handicap) of 100 sovs ; winners extra. Half a mile. Mr. Gulliver's Tiara, 5 yrs, Bst 21b (Cresswel]) 1 Mr. J. Smith's Vancouver, 3 yrs, 7st (Clements) 2 Colonel Towneley's Repartee, 2 yrs, 6st 21b (Hardcastle) 3 The following also ran :—Neophyte, Hartley Wintney, Pomona, Penalty, Little Gerard, Yellow Girl, Noblesse, Maid of Peru, Don Giovanni, Tarragona, Seahorse, Vic • tress c., Hartington, Stella c., and Miss Woolgar f. Betting-3 to 1 agst Pomona, sto 1 agst Tiara, Bto 1 agst Tarragona, 100 to 8 each agst Vancouver, Penalty, Hartley Wintney, and Repartee, 16 to 1 each agst Seahorse and Little Gerard. A very long delay at the post was caused by the unwil lingness of the Victress colt to go near her horses, and when she did join them she could not be kept steady. Tiara, with Hartley Wintney, Pomona, ani Vancouver well laid up, led the way, Tarragona, Repartee, and Penalty head ing the next lot. At the distance Pomona and Hartley Wintney tired, and Repartee took third place, but could never reach the two leaders, Tiara winning easily by two lengths, three-quarters of a length dividing Repartee from Vancouver; Tarragona was fourth; Penalty fifth; Maid of Peru last. The Thames Handicap of 5 sovs each, with 50 added ; win- ners extra. One mile and three-quarters. Mr. Jervis's Don John, 3 yrs, sst 12 lb.. (Parsons) -1- w.o. Mr. Mellish's Foretop, 4 yrs, 6st 121 b..., (Midgley) t Mr. W. Day's Clematis, 3 yrs, 6st 711). • (S. Adams) 3 Clotilde colt and Dorking also ran. Betting-6 to 4 agst Foretop, 3to 1 agst Dorking, and 7 to 2 agst Don John. As soon as the flag fell Clotilde colt ru,hed to the front, followed by Don John, Foretop, and Clematis. On nearing the distance Foretop took the lead, with Don John in close pursuit. A fine race in with the two ensued, Don John get ting up in the last few strides, and making a dead heat with Foretop. Clematis was a bad third ; Clotilde fourth, Dorking, who lost start, was last throughout. Don John afterwards walked over, and divided the stakes with Fore top. The Caversham Stakes (handicap) of 3 soya each, with 25 added; winners extra. Straight run in. Three-quarters or a mile. Lord St. Vincent's Draghound, 2 yrs, 6st 41b (Midgley) 1 Mr, Hare's Chriemhilde, 3 yrs, net 121 b (Clements) 2 Mr. J. Stephenson's Sweetbread, 3 yrs, 7st„ (J. Adams) 3 The following also ran :—King of the Forest, Libellous, Shepherdess, Vesper, Gwellyon, Brother to Meg Merrilies, Philomel, Silkstone, Strawbeary Leaf, and hlontebello, Betting-5 to 2 asst Sweetbread, 4to 1 agst Libellous, Ito 1 each agst Draghound and Gwellyon, 41 Chrifimhilde showed in advance for a short distance, having Philomel and Gwellyon second and third, with Sweetbread fourth. On rounding the turn into the straight Sweetbread was indulged with the lead. At the distance Chriemhilde again took up the running and carried it on to the Stand enclosure, where Draghound, who had been lying well up, headed her and won easily by a length and a half ; two lengths between the second and third, The others were beaten off, The Reading Stakes of 15 sovs each, with 50 added, for 2- yr. olds colts Bst 101 b, fillies Bst 51b ; maiden allowances ; winners extra. Half a mile. 32 subs. Lord. Stamford's King of Hearts, Bst 121 b (inc. 61b ex.) (A. French) 1 Mr. Merrifield's Margery, Bst 51b (L. Snowden) 2 Mr, Hare's Summer Breeze, Bst 51b (Fordham) 3 Mr. J. Prince's Berkeley, Bst 111 b (A. Edwards) 4 Betting -6 to 2on King of Hearts, 9to 2 agst Summer Breeze, l to 1 agst Margery. King of Hearts waited upon Margery to within a few strides of the chair, when he made his effort and won by a short head) two lengths between the second and third. T 1 Selling Stakes of 3 soya each, with 25 added, for all ages ; mares and geldings allowed 31b ; :ening allowances. Half a mile. Capt, Delme's Bubbles, 2 yrs, sst 81b (£2O) .. (Dowling) 1 Mr. E. Thomas's Sister to Corumba, 2 yrs, sst i Olb (£2O) (Midgeley) 2 Mrs. Osbaldeston's Maid of Peru, 3 yrs, 7st llb (Z2O) (Grimshaw) 3 Rose de Amour, Florence, Mon Etoile, Lady Hinton, Doncaster, and Midnight also ran. Betting-3 to 1 egst Sister to Corumba, 4to 1 agst Don caster, 5 to 1 agst Lady Hinton, 10 to 1 agst Bubbles. Sister to Corumba made play, closely followed by Maid of Peru and Doncaster to the Distance, where Bubbles took the lead, and won easily by a length and a half ; Maid of Peru finishing a length and ahalf behind Sister to Corumba. Doncaster was fourth. The winner was sold for 90 guineas, and goes into Wm. Day's stable. Mr. Thomas claimed Doncaster for Mr. Bar ber, and he goes into that gentleman's stable ; Midnight was sold for 32 guineas. The Whitley Stakes (handicap), of 10 sovs each, with 50 added ; the second horse to save his stake ; winners extra. 0113 mile. 31 subs., 14 of whom paid 2 sovs each. Mr. Astley's Atherstone, 3 yrs, 7st 41b (W. Bottom) t w.o. Mr Merrifield's Overton, 3 yrs, Est 71b .... (Drew) f Mr. Wright's Nosgay, &yrs, 6st 101 b (Midgley) 3 The following also ran :—Sherborne, Miss Eleanor, Pre cise, Conqueror, Wombat, Seville, Sweetbread, Jessie Brown, and Aere. Ilettirg-5 to 2 agst Atherstone, 7 to 2 agst Miss Eleanor, to 1 agst Wombat, 8 to 1 agst Seville, 10 to 1 agst Over ton. Overton led for the first quarter of a mile, when Nose gay passed him, and carried on the running to the distance, where he fell back, ant Atherstone and Overton both passed him and ran a fine race home, ending in a dead heat; Nosegay was a bad third; Precise, who bolted all over the course, and ran the wrong side of the post, came in fourth ; Miss .Eleaner was next, with Acre close at her heels. Atherstone walked over for the deciding heat, and the stakes were divided. BETTING AT MANCHESTER-THURSDAY. Business on future events is not very lively for the Ebor liandieap, 6 to 1 was laid agst Virgilius, and Stockade advanced to the position of second favourite, 9 to 1 being taken about him. 10 to 1 was taken about Moorcock, ,but it was also freely offered bar two. Closing prices : • EBOa HANDICAP. 6to 1 agst Virgilius (taken) 9to 1 agst Stockade (taken) 10 to 1 agst Moorcock (taken and offered) 20 to 1 agst Hetman (wantei) 20 to 1 agst Sir William (taken) 20 to 1 agst Prologue (taken) 20 to 1 agst lia - Naree (taken) ST. LEGER. 2to lon the field (offered) 100 to .8 agst Kildonan (taken) THE CHANNEL SQUADRON. —The Cork Herald says that orders have been received by Admiral Erskine to proceed with his division of the Channel squadron, lying in that harbour, to Kingstown, to await the arrival of her Majesty at that port. It is understood that after her Ma jesty's departure from Dublin the orders of the fleet are to go on a cruise to the west of Ireland, and thence return to Cork, from which, notwithstanding what may be said to the contrary, the Herald is informed it is likely the Queen will return to England. Her Majesty's Commissioners of the International Exhibition, 1862, have appropriated a suitable space for the exhibition of a South Sea collection made in her Majesty's ship Herald, on her recent voyage under the command of vapo o peigisga, rat. s, PUBLIC ACCOUNTS'. The second report of the select committee of the House of Commons, appointed for the examination from year to year of the audited accounts of the public expenditure has been issued. With regard to the accounts of the Office of Works, the committee say they are glad to observe that they are now rendered with greater regularity than in former times. "The accounts o f 1859-60," they add, "were s en t into the Audit-office in Nov., 1860, and though the report of the Audit Board for the year refers to the want of the information required, they are assured that the documents relating to subsequent accounts have either been suppbede r arrangements are making f or f urn i s hi ng them to the Audit office." The votes for the great services of the army an d navy, and those for the revenue departments, are, it is re marked, taken for services which will come in course of payment during the year. On March 31 the accounts of the year for these services are closed. The balances are de . " dared by the Audit Board ; an y surp l us th a t m ay remain 15 given up to the exchequer, and is not available for pay m ent e ; made after the closing of the ac coun t. If an y sum voted has not been paid and is required, it must be re-voted votes for the office o f w or k s an d th e o th er c ivil services? are taken " for the services of the year." According to these words, the sum voted is approp r i a t e d t o th e service voted! but there is no li m it o f ti me f or th e paymen t , an d provided the sum be applied to the proper service, the balanc e re maining in the Exchequer or Pay-office may be carried foe ward from year to year, and the account remains ope n f or an indefinite time. The public accounts are thus dealt with in a different manner. The great aebounts of the army and navy revenue departments on one principle, the civil service' accounts on another. " The mode of taking the votes," °O r the committee, " by which balances are carried on from Ye' lr to year, interferes with the presentation to Parliament of satisfactory appropriation account. The officer of the Aud it Board who examines the accounts of the Office of W erke ' stated to the committee that he did not consider that the a" . e count now laid before Pa r li amen t i s a sa ti s f ac t ory aPPrnPrig tion account, or that the Audit Board are at present able to furnish such an account, in consequence of the balances car ried over." The committee afterwards call attention to the large balances on account of the civil services retained at the' termination of the financial year, which they consider to be , occasioned mainly by the mode in which the votes are taken' For 1860-61, a vote was taken of £44,495, and on the 31 s t December, 1860, there remained in the Exchequer that very sum of £44,915 undrawn, clearly showing that no part of the vote for 1860-61 had been touched up to 31st Decemb er ; 1860, and that the services of 1860-61 for two quarters had been paid from the balance of 1859-60. In 1859-60 the esa penditure on certainvotes enumerated amounted tat 619,3 36 ; "This amount," continues the report, "i nc l u d es a s um 0 ' £32,600, composed of balances returned to the Excheque r, and of a balance transferred to the trustee of the British Museum; the actual expenditure therefore in the year 185 9 ' 60 was under £587,000. From the same report it apps° that the balance on the same votes at the termination of the year, and carried forward to the next, amounted to £650,064? being more than the whole expenditure of the year—a large sum, beyond what would appear necessary to meet the b a : bilities of the year 1859-60, a n d t o carry on th e serv i c e unti l the votes for 1860 had passed. The report concludes as fel lows:—" The attention of the Treasury appears to have been called this year to the large amount of these balances, a nd they applied a remedy by directing the Office of Works to' surrender to the Exchequer oertain sums from the balanee9 of 1859-60; and at the same time have deducted from t" votes of this year an estimated surplus of the votes of 186 0- 61. This course, however it may serve as a tempor pedient, effects no permanent arrangement ; nor can your committee see any way of placing the accounts of the OW of Works en a satisfactory footing, except by extending thee mode of taking the votes for the navy and army to the O r. vices under the Office of Works. This alteration will rep' der necessary other arrangements for the conduct of the public service, but until your committee have made further progress in their investigations, they abstain from entering upon these questions." COUNTRY MARKETS. BIRMINGHAM—AuG. 15. At to-day's market there was a small supply of Bog; lish wheat from the farmers, and fine kinds sold slowly► late rates ; inferior is to 2s lower. Barley was unaltered iv value, with little doing. MANCHESTER—AuG. 15. Business was lilffited this morning. English wheat sv ss , almost unsaleabl e , though offered is to 2s lower pric.,! —quality being bad. Foreign 2d per 701bs cheaper. Fle ar f difficult to sell, and a ll b ut extra foreign was in f avo ur buyer, O a t s an d oa t mea l at previous quotations. Beao o fire. Indian corn Gd to is cheaper. LYNN—AUG. 14. Our market this morningwas thinly attended, and the prices of last week d ec li ne d is to 2s. Barley was 11— altered. Oats, beans, and peas brought full rates. Old white 53s t o 56 s I Old red 48s to ag Barley. 2Bs to 32 s I Oats.. Beans .40s to 46s I Peas ..48s to 549 PLYMOUTH—Aua. 13. The market was inactive, with a small attendance, and paices were about last week's currencies—English white wheat, 60s to 61s ; red, 56s to 57s per qr ; French do., 604 to 62s ; American, 61s to 63s ; Spanish, 74s to 76s ; Rus sian, 60s to 625. Barley in poor supply, at 36s to 43s pet qr for malting ; grinding, 32 s t o 36 s ; oats, 24s to 28s ; a nd beans, —s to —s ; flour, 44s to 46s 6d. CORK—AuG. 14. The following were the quot a ti ons thi s morn i ng ma wheat, 27s Od to —s Od ; white, 26s 3d to —s Od; barley I J' 6d to 18s Od ; oats, 12s 3d to 13s Bd. EDINBURGH GRAIN—Aua. 14. ---• --- Wheat on the top is Od down average Os 4d do s ol ' Barley on the top 4s 6d down Oats on the top Os 6d up... v Beans on the top is Od u p.... average aaveerraagge e 02 1 sss 1 1 0 91 d dd d dd o °o sv 11:1311 Averages per Imperial quarter. Wheat.... New wheat .... Barley 1 12 6 7-12ths Oats 1 11 0 8-12ths Beans Total Supply and Sales. Wheat .1850 qrs Sold 1234 Vs 8ar1ey........ 206 qrs Sold 125 qrs Oats Beans ll4 qrs Sold 102 qrs TILE MAILS. MAILS DUE. Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South ampton) .. Do. Brazil and Cape Verds Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &c. Cuba and Mexico .. Aug. 28 ' Canada, &c. (via L'd err y) Aug. 21. Cape of Good Hope, &c. Sept. 1 - t ; . China, Penang, and Sin ga p ore ( v i a S' ampton) A u g. 6. Do (via Marseilles) Aug. Gibraltar (via Southa m pt on ) O v erdue . . India(Calcutta), Ceyl on , & c . ( v i a S ou th ampton ) A u g. Do. (via Marseilles) Aug' 2 Z India (Bombay), ( v i a S ou th amp t on ) .. Over t : Do, (via Marseilles) .. .. Aug. Lisbon ept. 4 •.,.•• • • • • S Malta, Egypt, and Aden (via S ou th amp t on ) ..Overd ue ' Do. (via Marseilles) .. Aug. 21. Vigo, and Oporto .. Sept' 2 1, United States, Californi a , & c . Aug. 10 , Western Coast of Africa, Madeira, Teneriffe SePt• 0 8, West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &o. Aug. • • .. Aug. (via Marseilles) Sept. 12 ' Sept. „ WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES,—We (Glase r Herald) would remind our ra il wa y managers an d engit tee l in time of the method of warming their carriages introduce by our continental neighbours last season, w hi c h should adopted in this country, in vo l v i ng as it does ' only expense, and being a great boon to travellers. The w ist : . steam from the engine, instead of being allowed to eec el) , into the air, is conducted from the escape pipe of the eng in , by means of a vulcanised indiarubber tube to pipes throng', which it circulates under the seats and throughout the car riages. As soon as the train is set in motion the steams commences to circulate through all the systems of pipes and warms the carriages, first, second, and third cl ass equally, and being connected with each other by indiarubber, tubing, they can be immediately detached or reunited ev, a trifling pleasure. However cold the carriages may be commence" rest, as soon as the train is started the steam to circulate through all the tubing, and communicates when to agreeable temperature to the whole train. BIRTHS. CHRISTIAN.—On the 13th inst., at The Priory, Mokar . town, the wife of the Hon. Mr. Justice Christian, of son. GALTON.—On. the 15th inst., at 12, Chester -street, ar °ls. venor•places,S.W., the wife of Captain Douglas Gaitor i, R.E., of a on. HENNIKER.—On the 14th inst., at 38, I.,ownd fra,st? the wife of Sir Brydges B enniker, Bart., of a daught er LEGGE.—On the 11th inst., at Wiehnor-park, Staffords lll4 the Hon. Mrs. George Legge, of a daughter, MARRIAGES. GRAY—ROBIN.—On the 14th i nst., at West Kirby, et W. Gray, M.P., to M ag d a l ene, daughter of the l a te Jo Robin, Esq., of Grove-hill, West Kirby, Cheshire. 0 , SANDERS—DuNN.—On the 14th i ns t., at Kingston-on Thames, Thomas Sanders, Esq. of Deer park, 005 j). Cork, to Mary Charlotte, second ' daughter of 4ich ar Dunn, Esq., of Seething- wells, Surrey, DEATHS. ALLEN.—On the 12th inst., the Rev. John Taylor Allelj/ M.A., vicar of Stradbrooke, Suffolk, aged 77. r BOWDEN.—On the 12th inst., at Herne-bay, Commanve Bayly Bowden, R.N., aged 69. COLLINGRIDGE.—Oh the 12th inst., Charles Collingridge' Esq., formerly of Basinghall-streot, aged 52. fo DIINNING.—On the 14th inst., Richard DuuninE, Esq'' Winkleigh, North Devon, aged 61. PAUL.—On the 12th inst., at Yeithside House. Callandetri; N. 8., Major Gregory Paul, late of her Majesty's 57 Regiment. RICHARDSON.—On the 14th inst., at Courtney IT,il* , 1 ., Wickham-terrace, New-cross , William Richardson, Pl 5". aged 68. v - - lIN, LONDON : Printed and Published by 111 :IFJDO YO G „, l d• No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Oftf3e, No. 112, 0 .4 1 . 4 ; 4 0i in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the Co' Linty Of O"' Frislgy, AuguNt 16, 1861.