The Sun. — London, England, 1861-07-31 00:00:00

TEA TRE• lt 0 YAL, HAYMARKET. Lebec, Mt. J. B. BiLd.titDllo. THIS EVENING th e p e rformances will oommeno , with a new Ballet, BACCHCS' AND ARIADNE, Miss Fanny Wright, the Leclercqs, Mr. Webster, &c. After which, a new Comedy, entitled MY LORD AND MY LADY ; or, It Might have been Worse. Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Andrews, Mr. Buckstone, Mrs. Charles Mathews, airs. Wilkins, &c. Followed by COOL AS A CUCUMBER. Mr. Charles Mathews. To conclude with TURNING THE TABLES. Commence at 7 ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris. TIIIS EVENING, the new comic drama, entitled A HOMESTEAD STORY, Messrs. Ryder Shore, and Miss M. Harris. Followed by HAMLET . Hamlet, Mr. Fechter. Sup ported by Hermann Vezin, Ryder, Meadows, tto. ; Misses _Reath, Elsworthy, and R. Leclercq. VEW THEATRE-ROYAL. ADELPHI.— Sole Proprietor and Manwer, Mr. B. Webster. Reproduction of the great drama of " The Dead Heart." THIS EVENING, the great Adeiphi drama. THE DEAD HEART. Messrs. B. Webster, J. L. Toole, Fisher, Billing ton, Eburne, Smith, Romer ; Miss Wooigar and Miss Kate Kelly. To conclude with (14th time) THE PRETTY HORSE BREAKER. Mr. J. L. Toole, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Miss K. Kelly, Miss Woolgar, Miss E. Thorne, Miss Laidlaw, and Mrs. Chatterley, Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7. CANTERBURY HALL AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. Verdi's New Opera, UN BALLO IN MASCIIERA, arranged and conducted by Mr. Jonghmans. Mr. Levy on the cornet-a-piston. Mr. Woe(' and his talented littlo Son, the best Negro Delineators of the day. The extraordinary comic duet, " The Nerves," by Messrs. Harvey and French, the moot grotesque performance in London. Mrs. Lawrence and Mr. Marshall in several New Songs written expressly for him, including the " Excursion to Brighton." Admission, 6d. ; Stalls and Balcony, is. RETURN of SAM COWELL to ENGLAND, who will shortly appear at his old quarters, after an absence of five years. RE-DECORATION of this Magnificent HALL, executed by Mr. William Sanderson, of Lambeth, under the direction of Samuel Field, Esq., architect, is now completed. This popular Place of Amusement now surpasses its former grandeur, and, with the FINE ARTS GALLERY and SPACIOUS PROMENADE, forms the MOST ELEGANT PUBLIC BUILDING in the WORLD. Considerable im provements have been made in the VENTILATION and LIGHTING. T HE 0 X F 0 R D, 6, OXFORD-STREET. This noble building being now completed, its architectural beauty, elegance of ornamentation, and brilliancy of lighting render it one of the sights of the metropolis. Open Every Evening. The programme is varied, and includes Select' nis (by a full company of principals, powerful band, and chorus) from "Macbeth" and "Un Ballo in Maschera." both operas by Verdi. the composer of the day—The wondertul Solos on the Cornet-a-Piston of the renowned LEVY—Scotch Duets by the Misses Stuart, and other vocal and instrumental music of the highest order. Conductor, Mr. F. Jongs.MissComic portion of the entertainment is su pp orted by Green, Messrs. Sam Collins, Harvey, and French (the Nerves) ' W. H. Wieland, E. Marshall. and W. Randall. Admission, Hall, sixpence ; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private Boxes, 10e. 6d. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tate DlLT.—Morning, 17h. 48m.—Afternoon, Bh. 18m. To-monßow.-Morning, Bh. 54m.—Afternoon, 9h. 30m. THE WEATHER.—Sus OFFICE , JULY 31, 1861. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADN. 70—highest since noon yesterday. 54—lowest this morning and during the night. 70—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.07. WlND — South-Westerly ; rather fresh, with fine, bul doubtful, weather. • A - - 7 - " THE SUN. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, 1881. The triumph of Liberal opinions in the City of London is, with us, of coarse, a theme for very earnest congratulation. It would have been almost disgraceful had the great metropolitan constitu ency returned any other than a Reformer and a Liberal to fill np the vacancy left in the represen tation of the City of London, by the elevation to the Upper House (after twenty years' service in the Lower as M.P. for The City) of a statesman like Lord JOHN RUSSELL. The determined support given yesterday to the Liberalcandidate, Mr. WOOD, now now M.P. for the City of London as Lord JOHN'S successor, saved the metropolitan constituency from the disgrace, at least, of that " contretemps." The successor of Earl RUSSELL in the representation of that leading constituency is at anyrate (if we can say nothing more of him) one who would not hesitate to be marshalled under the banner (supposing that banner ever to be raised anew) of the Great Whig Statesman who has, during eight and forty years, been labouring, more or less, earnestly in Parlia ment as a RE former, as a Champion of the glorious principles of civil and religious liberty, as an up holder and improver, wherever practicable, of our free and powerful Constitution. Of Mr. WOOD, individually, the electors of the City of London know scarcely anything. Now that he has been chosen their member they will have to begin to make his acquaintance. All they do know of him as yet might be summed up almost as laco nically as the rival claims to the Presidency of the French Republic, facetiously placed by Punch in the mouths of the princely aspirants to that honour—H.l.H. Prince LOUIS NAPOLEON and H.R.H. the Prince DE JOINVILLE ! The former illustrious personage, according to our London Charivari, appealing to the French multitude thus —Te suis le nevue de non oncle ! The latter thus ---Je suis l'oncle demon nevue! Thus precisely it has been now, so to speak, with Mr. WOOD, the Liberal Candidate, on his first appearance before the metropolitan constituency. His claim was not so much (if we may thus express it) that he was himself —as that he was the Son of his Father. As the Son of Alderman WOOD, the true-hearted, open-handed, liberal -minded Alderman WOOD, who stood forward so manfully years and years ago in the cause of that unfortunate Queen CAROLINE— simpIy and exclusively as the son of Alderman WOOD, the Liberal candidate, now the chosen M.P. for the City of London, appeared b e f ore the metro politan constituency. In that one perf ect l y comprehensible character he was introdr.ced to it. And as such ho has now been formally and aoiber. preference to one o f tne ately accepted by it — in , t h e mos t generally re p et - mest popular and one of ted Lord Mavors that has ever presided over our metropolitan corporation. As to the position into which the Lord Mayor has been deluded by his over zealous friends there is really but one thing to be said of it. The Lord Mayor, in point of fact, has been regularly sold. It would be 'unfair to say of him that in dropping the small constituency of Andover to grasp at the larger constituency of the City of London, I Lord Mayor CUBITT has in any way been imitating the coarse indicated in that old fable of Xsor's about the Dog and the Shadow. For it has not been the perversity of the Lord Mayor's egotism or ambition that has carried him into this political qu an dt ►ry—it has been rather the officious pertinacity of tho.3e who thrust upon him their promises of support, only in many i ns t ances t o l eave him in the lurch„ when the time for the fulfilment of those promises arrived. The result being that Mr. CUB:1 Tr—no longer M.P. for Andover— baulked in his endeavour to become :11 ;P. for th e Ci ty o f L on d on—has now no . 'seat iatever large or small in the Commons House of Parliament. It was in answer to a very earnest roquisition that the Lord Mayor in compliance with tl,e wishes of his City frien3s consented to resign the seat he had occupied for fifteen years consecu tive,ly- in the II °lk's of Commons as member for the borough of Andover, and to allow his n Awe to be put forward as a claimant of the b of the electors of uffrage" the metro polit: z n constituency. Promi se d upwards of six thou and votes before the Polling commenced, the L ,ORD MAYOIt had the gratification yesterday of sooing that poll close at four o'clock leavin g hira NN-; gestion was near it. On the general question of Hungary and Aus tria, Lord PALMERSTON was of course the thorough old Whig. Not one word of mo ra l support would h Hungary, while all that cou ld b e sa id h e for Austria. H e was qu i te sensible he said w e ou g l i d ve sa to y of the great importance of the events now passing between Austria and Hungary. We attach due importance to the maintenance of the Austrian em pire as a great Power in the centre of Europe holding, I may say, a sort of balance between opposite and conflicting interests, and we should consider it a great misfortune to Europe if that empire were to be dissolved by any internal convulsion which could possibly be prevented. But he never dropped one word on :the justice and legality of the demands of Hungary, expressed no hope that Austria would yield to manifest legal right, nor any fear that Austria must be a weak Power,, "as a balance between conflicting interests," unless she sought strength in a strong and con tented Hungary. He proclaimed not only non-intervention, but neutrality. We certainly think this unworthy of England. This country is not and cannot be neutral when a despot seeks, by sham paper con stitutions, to subvert the free and ancient constitu tion of an old kingdom. He points to a similar neutrality in the American quarrel. But in the dispute between two pro-slavery con federations, England is really neutral. We are not so in the case of Hungary, no more than we were in that of Italy. Our rulers represented us faithfully in respect to the latter country; we did not wish to fight, but we did wish well to Italian unity and liberty. Our Foreign Office acted openly on this wish ; and there is no doubt that, but for its popular foreign policy, so feebly liberal has been the action at home of the present Ministry, that it would have been thrown overboard long ago. Now we warn Lord PALMERSTON that he has a good card in Hungary. As good a one as he had in Italy. So far as international law is con cerned, he has a far better case in regard to Hungary than he had in regard to Italy. The provinces of Italy united themselves under the crown of VICTOR EMMANUEL, in defiance of the treaties of 1815, and of arrangements some of them of very long standing. Hungary on the contrary asks but the fulfilment of the plainest engage ments, it appeals to treaties and to laws whose obligation no sae can deny. It is in conflict with a revolutionary monarch, a practical usurper. Hungary's demands, if acceded to, would create a stronger kingdom by far than Austria can ever be while her monarch defies all right and law in pure despotic wil fulness. Our Government, therefore, has every inducement, except old aristocratic prejudice in favour of the Hapsburgs, to declare openly that the right is with Hungary, and that it would be for the good of Austria herself and of Europe, that Austria should no longer oppose bayonets to right. Referring to Mr. GRIFFITHS, Lord PALMERSTON observed, "When the hon. gentleman says he wishes to know whether we take part with liberty against authority or with authority against liberty, my answer is, that we leave liberty and authority to settle their own disputes. I don't presume to judge which party is in the right and which in the wrong. What- ever opinion we may entertain on the matter, we don't feel it the duty of the Government to express that opinion, nor do we think there would be any utility in expressing it or endeavouring to give it force. I therefore have only to say that we hold with regard to the unfortunate dissensions in Hungary the same course we hold in regard to the dissensions on the other side of the Atlantic— namely, a position of en tiro neutrality, and I should hope that the hon. member will not press for the production of de spatches which could not be given without detriment to the public service. We are sorry that Lord PALMERSTON has so little " presumption" in this case. He has not always been so bashful and unpresuraing. He has presumed to affront most Governments in their turn. The truth is he will not " presume" to do what he does not lib to do. Which we presume to think very natural, but in the case of Hungary deeply to be deplored. According to private advices from America— says a contemporary —the present struggle is likely to be settled by a co . rnPrcinalse. Can it be ! our n 1 readers may exclaim, Av e see no reason why it I should not. It is true-- we are told—thereuntilSouth i s a un iversal cry of " No compromise" but thi s merely refers to the determination of the Nh tion into public negotiati ons for acknowledge e the supremacy shall unequivocally of the Federal Government. Meanwhile it is beli eve d of the country are endeavour that a large number of politician s ign ineach sec privately tocom e to an understanding as to the terms that the North will grant to the South, prov i ded the South will waive the point of honour as to their right of secession, and th a t th ese t er ms are likely to be such as should amply sa ti s f y a ll S ou thern desires. We Should certainly not be at all surprised at such a termination of the struggle. The course taken by Congress, which wo alluded to yesterday, with some such evidence of Northern power and prowess as would make it not discreditable to yield, will be quite enough to enable the Southern leaders to draw their necks out of the halter into which they have thrust them. The South evidently can not long cope with the North in the Border States. When this becomes apparent to all, it will also be apparent that the purely planting States have no chance by thonoselves, and they will bo but too happy to make th e b est o f a b ad job. ITCLEL LAN'S Victories will tell, we imagine, very power fully on the South, and whop it is found that the : ' with very jittle more thans,ooo votes altogether re corded in his favour—leaving him, in fact, in a mino rity but very little short of a round " five hundred," upon acomparison of the support accorded to himself with that given by the Liberal electors to his successful antagonist. In all this, while we rejoice heartily ourselves at the triumph of Liberal opinions in the City of London, we cannot but think that the LORD MAYOR has been very un fairly dealt with by his over-zealous and exces sively officious friends and supporters (so called), who would have done much better in his behalf if they had left him quietly alone in his modest political character as M.P. for the Borough of Andover. Mr. GRIFFITH could not last night coax Mr. DUNLOP'S despatches out of Lord PALMERSTON. It was in vain to tell the Premier that he ought to keep the House well informed on Hungarian affairs, and that they could contain nothing objectionable, unless it were more liberal views towards the Hun garians, than our Government was inclined to adopt. The Minister had his answer ready. The Government wanted thoroughly confidential in formation. No person could be expected to give it, especially respecting individuals, unless he thought his letters would not be made public. A very good excuse, we confess, but, as far pro bably, from the real one, as Mr. GRIFFITH'S sug- THE SUN, LONDON,- WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 31, 1861. We think it therefore quite worth notice as one possible and not improbable issue of this threaten ing contest, that either recoiling before the mani festly greater power of the North, or after having fought and lost a great battle, the South may offer terms, and the North be not unwilling to treat. We may expect that laying down arms and fully submitting to the Federal authority, will be the sine qua non, but we have little doubt that if the South would submit she might have slavery and all its abominations to her heart's content. "All the world's a stage "—quoth the famous dictum of SHAKSPERE. And now in ♦ivid contrast to, and within a few hours of each other : .Enter, as Earl and Viscount of the United King dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Right Hon. JOHN RUSSELL (commonly called Lord JOHN Rus• SELL), by the names, styles, and titles of Viscount AMBERLEY, of Amberley, in the county of Glouces ter, and of Ardsalla, in the county of Meath, and Earl RUSSELL, of Kingston-Russell, in the county of Dorset. Exit as Duke and Marquis and Earl and Vis count and Baron RICHARD PLANTAGENET TEMPLE NUGENT-BRYDGES-CFLAN DOS GRENVILLE, Duke and Marquis of Buckingham and Chandos, Earl Temple of Stowe, and Viscount and Baron Cob ham of Kent, in the peerage of the United King dom, and also Earl Nugent in Ireland, and likewise co-heir with the Marquis of Townshend of ti - e barony of Bouchier, being the only child of RICHARD, first Duke of Buckingham, by Lady ANNE ELIZA BRYDGES, daughter and heir of JAMES, third and last Duke of Chandos. Younger by several years than the new peer who entered the House of Lords for the first time last evening, the late Duke of BUCKINGHAM was prematurely aged, and has hence disappeared the sooner from the public scene by reason of his very bitter and protracted, and at length overwhelming misfortunes. The particulars of the ruin of his great fortunes, of the fortunes of his illustrious and historic house, are yet vividly in the general recollection. Who that can cast his memory back but a very few years, but bears in pity ing remembrance the breaking up of that princely establishment, of that old ancestral borne down at Stowe, for years and years until then the pride and glory of all Buckinghamshire ! The incidents con nected with the rise and downfall of this renowned family assume to themselves a conspicuous position in truth among the most memorable and romantic vicissitudes anywhere discoverable in the annals of the Peerage, even by as scrutinizing an inves gator as the Ulster King-at-Arms. Upon the morrow of the death of the Duke of BUCKINGHAM, another illustrious and historic name is added, as we have seen, to the stately •01l of the Lords in Parliament assembled. It was by an amusing coincidence that the very first vote given by Earl RUSSELL as a peer of the realm im mediately after his admission to the House of Lords as the junior Earl and Viscount, should have just turned the scale, upon a division of the House, in favour of her MAJESTY'S Go- vernmeut. Otherwise the division upon Clause 2 of tho Municipal Corporation Act Amend- ment Bill would have shown the third " tie " this year in the imperial legislature, the second in the House of Lords in 1861, the third this session in the record of the doings of the two Houses of Parliament. Upon the numbers being called . it was found that there were contents 26 non•contents 25, so that the clause was carried by a single vote, the vote of the new Peer, the vote of Earl RUSSELL. Better than this, however, yesterday, as an agreeable accom• paniment to the noble earl's admission to the House of Lords; immeasurably more delightful than any such successful employment of his first vote as a member of the peerage, must have been the knowledge with which Lard RUSSELL yesterday donned his robes as an Earl : the knowledge of the fact flashed by telegraph at four o'clock yesterday afternoon from the City of London to the House of Lords —that the noble Earl's successor as M.P. for the City of London was the Liberal and Reforming Candidate. 3111. LAYA.RD. r L oo rt tb y le a f r o d re will his It is a mistake to suppos e th ptisltiranp.pointment to Crown, but Ibe obliged, in consequence osfhahi the Foreign Under Secretary constituents. Mr. Layard, like :11 the g secretaries, is nominated, not by the the chief of his department, and his acceptanc e ut by the office does not, therefore, necessitate a fresh f election. SOUTHAMPTON, Wednesday Morning. The Prince Consort, attended by Sir Charles Phipps and Col, Hardinge, landed in the Docks at half past 9 from the Fairy, en route to London, to attend a meeting of the Duchy of Cornwall. The Duchess Sota Mayor has arrived at Maurigy's Hotel, from Madrid. Lord and Lady Sondes will shortly leave Grosvenor-square for their seat, Eltnhara Hall, Norfolk. Northern soldiers are as numerous as valiant the South can have little hope. But can the North if manifestly victor accept any compromise ? We reply that this has always been our fear. The North we believe would prefer com promise. We were never deluded by the Northern declamation about slavery. The North cares little about abolishing slavery, it has a most inhumane, certainly unchristian, hatred of negroes. The Aboli tionists have been all along a small and persecuted party. What the North kicks at is, the domination of the slaveholders—not their slaveholding; and if the South confesses to a political defeat, and de votes itself again to political warfare on political subjects, the North will be ready enough to let them breed, sell, and catch, when fugitive, as many slaves as they please. The English moral and reli gious aversion to slavery is all but unknown in America. The writer we have referred to justly ob serves—" The first aspect in which it was attempted to place the struggle was that of a contest against slavery, but it is believed that most of the people of New York were from its origin fully aware that the real point at issue is simply the maintenance of the Union. If that end can be gained it is thought the disposition to compromise all subsidiary differ ences will be found almost enthusiastic, and a few further successes on the part of the Northern troops will, perhaps, remove the last feelings of repug nance to it on the part of the South. especially if the South can wind up with any little local victory to enable them to aver that their change of tone is not a consequence of defeat." The fortunes of war may change all this. The flush of victory, or the exasperation of defeat may place both sides in relations to each other which nothing but a war of conquest can settle—but we have, from the beginning expressed our apprehension that the war might be terminated much too soon for the abolition of Slavery. Both President LINCOLN'S addresses have been docu ments based on the perpetuation of Slavery. He avows it. He points to the constitution, not as to be amended in this regard, but as his Polestar. The only point on which he is firm is, no extension of Slavery; and how long it would be before he would concede again a parallel of latitude between the Southern Egypt and the Northern Goshen, no one can tell. LATEST NFW - CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. NEW YORK, JULY 19. The main body of the Federal army, which commenced its march on Richmond on the 17th instant, met with no serious resistance until it reached Dulbram, a fortified place, three miles from Manassas Junction, on the following day, in attacking which the advanced guard was repulsed by the Confederates. Afterwards, however, the position was carried by the Federal troops. A Philadelphian, who has just arrived from Richmond, reports that the Confederates' force numbered 10,000, and at Manassas junction 60,000. The steamer York Town has been seized by the Confederates, who have iron-cased and mounted her with eight 64-pounders. The Government has decided that no more fug tive slaves shall be allowed to follow the army. ROME, JULY 30. The official 4 :/iornale di Roma of to-day declares the statements contained in the letter from M. Solar to M. Mires, dated 29th November, 1859, in reference to the Roman railways, to be both false and calumnious.. COPENHAGEN, JULY 31. Yesterday evening the inhabitants of this city gave a grand banquet in the neighbouring forest to the 500 persona who lately arrived from Schleswig. 2,000 persons sat down to dinner. The King placed his hunting castle at the dis posal of the guests. Several Schleswigians made speeches in favour of the rights of Denmark over Schleswig, which were received with great cheering. LISBON, JULY 30. The Royal :NUR steamship Tyne, which arrived here this morning, will leave for Southampton at 11 a.m., with 188 passengers, £24,700 specie, 2,000 bags of coffee, and 200 rolls of tobacco. PARIS, JULY 30. The evening papers contain the following news : "The rumour of the recall of General Goyon from Rome is unfounded. ".It is believed the King of Prussia will come to Paris. " The King of Sweden is expected to arrive here on the 7th of August." EVENING. A note in the _Pays, signed by the Secretary 01 :he Redaction, wbkich is reproduced in the Consti !utionnel, gives particulars of the incident which lately occurred at Rome, originating in the refusal of Monsignor de Merode, notwithstanding the orders of the Pope and Cardinal Antonelli, to give up to a French c onrt-martial a Papal soldier who had wounded a French soldier. According to the note M. de Merode, much irri tated, hastened to General Goyon, and with threat ening gestures, made use of insulting expressions against the Emperor Napoleon. General Goyon imposed silence, and gave the Monsignor to understand that it was solely on ac count of his wearing a priest's gown that he could not box his years (lui donner deux soufflets). He said, however, he did so morally, and added that if Monsignor de Merode would divest himself of his gown, he would take off his uniform as a General and fight a duel with him. Monsignor de Merode sheltered himself behind his ecclesiastical character. General Goyon replied that in any case he (Mon signor de illerode) would retain the stigma inflicted by his words. He then ordered. j a search for the Papal soldier, who was at length given up. THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.J PLYMOUTH, JULY 30. The Uulon Company's steamer Norman, with the above mail and 54 passengers, arrived here this evening. She left Table Bay on the 21st ult., St. Helena on the Ist, and Ascension on the sth inst. The Cape Parliament had rejected the bill for the separation of the provinces. Sir George Grey had not left for New Zealand. The Finance Committee had recommended a loan of £200,000 for the service of the present year. It was proposed to increase the revenue by £lOO,OOO in the following manner :—By reimposing trans ferred duties, by an increase of the Customs' duties, a per centage on Bank paper, a stamp tariff, and legacy and succession duties. A bill had been introduced for the establishment of the voluntary principle in regard to Church-rates, and for the withdrawal of the State grants for fe ligious purposes. This measure was progressing in public favour. The winter, though late, bad set in with great severity. There was a frequency of stormy weather. Trade was unusually low. The stocks of wine were low. The losses sustained by the wool specu lations in the Eastern Provinces were very consider able. There was a good demand for shipping. Plans were afloat for training schools for masters and mistresses within the colony. Nothing further had been heard from Bishop Mackenzie. The barque Berenicia, which left England on the 25th of March last, was wrecked on Roeben Island on the 16th of June. Mrs. O'Liff, Mr. Van Boork, four children, and one sailor were drowned. The Bishop of Cape Town held an ordination in St. George's CathEdral last month. An English brewing company had been esta blished in the colony. The Volunteers continued to increase in pro• ficiency. The Norman passed her Majesty's ship Furious at St. Helena. DEATH OF THE DUKE OF BUCKING. HAIII. The Duke of Buckingham and Chandos departs this life at the age of 64. Heir to a great position, he took no mean part in public business, and en joyed no small influence in the Legislature. It is less for this, however, than for the greatness of his misfortune that he will be longest remembered. He lost everything but his name. Through his mother he represented one of the most noble houses in the laud, the long line of his ancestors being all famed for their magnificence ; this one known as " The King of Cotswold," and that as "The Princely Chanctos." Through his father he was head of that family of Temples which, including the Grenvilles, has given more statesmen to the nation than any other in the land,—First Lords of the Treasury, First Lords of the Admiralty, Chancellors. of the Exchequer, Secretaries of ' State without number. The family had wealth corresponding to its renown, and, above all, such a treasure-house in its mansion at Stowe as could only have been created by long generations of men exalted in station, abounding in luxury, and accustomed to all the refinements of life. All vanished under the hammer. All the priceless heirlooms of an illustrious family were scattered over the world, to be sold in shops, and to glitter, some in the halls of hotels, others in the drawing-rooms of self-made men. The broad acres went with the treasures which it would be more difficult to replace, and the Duke of Buckingham found himself stripped of his heritage, the owner of little more than the titles of his ancestors. He lost even his wife, who got a divorce from him. It was a great fall, that might in its way be compared with the descent of another Duke of Buckingham, tq whom on a small scale he bore some resemblance, and who, " Stiff in opinions, always in the wrong, Was everything by starts, and nothing long; But in the course of one revolving moon Was chemist, fiddler, statesman, and buffoon ; Then all for women, painting, rhyming, drinking, Besides ten thousand freaks that died in thinking. In squandering wealth was his peculiar art ; Nothing went unrewarded but desert. Beggared by fools, whom still he found too late, He had his jest, and they had his estate." We might even add the lines in which Zimiri is said to have laughed himself from Court, and to have amused himself in forming parties of which he could never be chief. Sir Richard Plantagenet Temple Nugent Brydges Chandos Grenville, Duke and Marquis of Buck ingham and Chandos, Earl Temple, Viscount and Baron Cobham, and, in the peerage of Ireland, Earl Nugent, was born in the house in Pall-mall which bears his name on the 11th of February, 1797. His elucation as a boy was private. As he grew np he went to Oxford. In 1819 he married Lady Mary Campbell, daughter of the late and sister of the present Lord Breadalbane, by whom he had two children, the Marquis of Chandos, who succeeds to the title, and a daughter, Lady Anne Gore Langton. He entered the House of Commons in 1826 as member for Bucks, which county he re presented till the death of his father in 1839. There, if ho showed no brilliant talents, he made a respectable figure, and he gave his name to a pro vision of the Reform Bill known as the " Chandos clause," which extends the franchise in counties to tenancies of £5O. It is the only part of the Reform Bill which is identified w ith any one man's name, and Lord John Russell has always maintained that it had the effect of destroying the symmetry of the Whig measure, and frustrating Whig expectations in the counties. The Duke—the Marquis—stood forward as the county member and farmer's friend. In 1836 he obtained a select committee in the House of Commons for the consideration of the grievances and depressed state of the agriculturists. When Sir Robert Peel came into office he was made a Cabinet Minister, with the office of Lord Privy Seal, but when the Premier proposed to deal with the Corn-laws, in 1842, the Duke, rather than per mit the question to be opened, retired from the Go vernment. He never again held office. His troubles overtook him and crushed him down. After this disaster the public heard little of him save as an author. He collected all the correspondence of his family, and the friends of his family, which threw light on the political intrigues of Courts and Cabi nets ever since George 111. began to reign, and published it with a connecting narrative. There may be a doubt whether some of the communica tion - s have not been published too soon, but there can be no question as to the value of the materials which he provided, which extend to many volumes. The Duke was engaged in another historical work when he died. • THE DUCHESS OF KENT'S MAUSOLEUM.--The mausoleum which hag been erected in the gardens of Frog more Lodge, and which is to receive the remains of the late Duchess of Bent, was consecrated on Wednesday afternoon by the Bishop of Oxford. The structure, which is in sight of the mansion, is planned after the model of a small Greek temple, but not so elaborate in its details as the well-kn own monument of Lysicrates at Athens, which is of the Corin thian order. It was at the Duchess's request that the mau soleum was erected, and during its progress she frequently visited it. It is circular in plan, an l has an inner diameter of 12ft., with provision in the centre for the erection of a pedestal, on which ultimately wi►l be placed a statue of the deceased, the size of life, and executed in Carrara marble. The circular basis of the mausoleum is surrounded by a peristyle in the lonic order, consisting of 16 columns, 10ft. in height, the shafts of which display beautiful monoliths, composed of Penryn marble 10ft. 4in. high, the capitals and bases being executed in gun-metal. The door-way is simple in its details, consisting merely of a bounding moulded architrave enclosing the gates, which are of bronze, and enriched by panels containing Scriptural subjects. The entablature of the order is embellished with heads and vases, the latter of which are executed in granite. The edifice is covered with a copper dome, having a balustrade at its summit. In its consecration the Bishop of Oxford was assisted by the Hon, and Very Rev. Dr. Gerald Wellesley, Dean of Windsor; the Hon. and Rev. Charles Leslie Cour tenay, M.A., Canon of Windsor; and one of het Majesty's Chaplains; the Rev. J. St. John Blunt, M.A., Chaplain to the Prince Consort, and Vicar of Old Windsor; the Rev. H. J. Ellison, 31,A., chaplain at the Castle, and Vicar of Windsor; and the Rev. Charles Lloyd, M.A., Rector of Great Hampden. THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1862. Her Majesty's Commissioners for the International Exhi bition of 1862 held a meeting at their offices, in the Strand, yesterday, The building committee held 4 Ft9etirg at, south Kensington yesterday. TURIN, JULY 30. The Chevalier Nigra left yesterday evening for Paris. NAPLES, JULY 30. The news respecting the suppression of brigand age is more satisfactory. The Archbishop of Naples has not been arrested, as was stated by the Paris journals. The Federal Assembly Ilea elected M. Dubs member of the Federal:Council by 90 against 34 votes. M. Dubs declared that his policy with respect to internal affairs would be the liberal development of Switzerland in a Federal sense, and in regard to foreign questions, neutrality. M. Fornerod has been electled Vice-President of the Swiss Confederation. COPENHAGEN, JULY 30. The Dagbladet of to-day, in its review of the events of the past week, says :--" We do not believe it likely that the Danish Government has gone fur ther than to offer to renounce, as far as regards the budget for the present year, the application of the Royal ordinance of September 25, 1859, which fixed the share of Holstein in the expenses of the whole monarchy. From this concession it would follow that for the current year the Danish Government would content itself with the contribution of a smaller share by Holstein, in the hope, however, that affairs might enter upon a more satisfactory phasis next year." FRANCE. PARIS, TUESDAY. BOURSE, July 30.—The market has been ra ther dull but prices have been firmly maintained. Threes, for the Account, are now at 67f 85c. Railway Shares quiet, but firm. The following are the last quotations:— ft per per Cents ... 97 80 Credit Foncier 1175 Do end month.... 97 901 Belgian 4} — 3 per Cents - I Do. end mont h 67 8-) , Roman Bank Shares 2900 -- Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 672 50 ; Spanish Threes 4B Do. Accou n t 675 ! Rome Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern 970 .. 971 25 New ditto 9OO .. 898 75 Lyons and Mediterranean 990 .. 991 25 Geneva 352 50 .. 353 75 Southern 691 25 .. 592 60 Western Eastern .... ••• • • 570 .. 572 50 Sardinian Austrian Lombard . . 5OB 75 .. 510 THE BRAZIL AVAIL. LISBON, JULY 30. The Royal Mail steamship Tyne with the above mail, arrived here to-day. At Rio Janeiro, on the 9th inst., exchange on London was quoted 24 to 25. Coffee, good first, 5,400 to 5,500 reis per arroba. Shipments since the departure of the last mail, 85 ,000 b ags, all of which were for the Channel. Stock, 95,0 00 bags. Freight, 70s. Bahia.—Exchange, 24. Cotton, 9,030 reis; Pernamb sugar, 2,200 reis ; whit e , 2 , 8 00 reis. 2,500 rem; uco.--Exchan ge, 25.1; sugar, 2,400 to brow ns, 1,900 re i s . C otton, 9 , 000 t o 9,100 rei s , The French steamer Navarre arrived here on the eVonink,of the 14th inst. ELECTION INTELLIGENCE: • - - CITY OF LONDON ELECTION. DECL sIRATION OF THE POLL- THIS DAY). Mr. Western Wood 5,747 The Lord Mayor 5,241 Majority 506 Mr. Wood was declared duly elected. OXFORD. Mr. Cardwell, who was recently transferred from the office of Chief Secretary for Ireland to that of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and whose seat in Parliament as a consequence became vacant, presented himself yesterday as a candidate for the suffrages of the electors of Oxford. No opposi tion to the return of the right honourable gentle man was offered. Ho appeared on the hust ings, accompanied by the Mayor of Oxford, Mr. Sadler, who presided on the occasion, and about a dozen other gentlemen, at 12 o'clock, and before ten minutes had elapsed he found himself once more entitled to take his seat in the British House of Commons. He was proposed by Mr. Pike, and the nomination was seconded by Mr. CASTLE, who, among other things, expressed it to be his opinion that the foreign policy of the Government was satisfactory, adding that public opinion was, after all, the great basis on which the measures of all Governments must be founded. Having thus been duly proposed and seconded, and, without further delay, declared to be elected, Mr. CARDWELL came forward amid cheers, and said—Gentlemen—All that now remains for me to do is the grateful task of endeavouring, however imperfectly, to express to you my acknowledgments for your constant kindness and generous confidence. You have to-day, for the third time within a period of little more than two years, conferred on me the honour of enabling me to take my seat in the House of Commons as the representative of this ancient and distinguished city, and that, toe, as the result of your undivided election. For this renewed mark of favour I return my warmest thanks to those cor dial friends who have given me that earnest support which secures me a place in the great councils of the nation, while I also desire to make my acknow ledgments to those liberal opponentl, whatever views in politics they may entertain, who have al lowed the present occasion to pass over without putting us to the inconvenience of an unnecessary contest, knowing, as I believe they do, that we, even when we differ from them in opinion, are ani mated in harmony with teem, by the single desire to promote the greatness and the welfare of that common country to which it is our privilege to be long. (Cheers.) I appear before you now in conse quence of a great calamity, which has caused changes to be made in the constitution of the Government —I allude to the serious illness, and consequent re tirement from office, of one of the ablest, the most honoured, and the most distinguished of the ser vants of the Crown. (Hear, hear.) Of the per sonal qualities of that eminent man I will not permit myself to speak, for it has been my privilege to have been associated with him by the closest ties of friendship during the entire period of my politi cal life. Of the importance of the services which he has rendered to his country in, probably, the most arduous of all the offices of the State, every Englishman, nay, every person conversant with public affairs in Europe and throughout the world, 'a aware. (Hear, hear.) The last of those great services was the sending out to China that noble expedition which, though equipped in accordance with all the improvements which modern science has suggested, yet was so thoughtfully and pru dently prepared, that at the distance from us of half the globe it vindicated, in concert with our allies, without check and with but little sacrifice of life, the outraged honour of our country, restor ing us to relations of amity and commerce with one of the most extensive empires in the world. (Cheers.) My noble friend will be succeeded in the office which, unhappily, he has been obliged to vacate by a man no less able than distinguished ; and you, I doubt not, will feel that in his hands and in those of the other servants of the Crown the policy to which the people of England have given their approval, and which demands that the two sister services should be maintained in a state of efficiency suitable to the power, the position, and the greatness of the country, will be zealously up held, and that, too, not because of any unreasonable distrust of other nations or any desire of aggran dizement on our part, but because of the simple feeling that a country like this, which has a right to be heard in the councils of the world, and whose example is looked up to by other States, ought to maintain herself in such a position of serene and conscious power that she need not fear to pro nounce her independent opinions, and should be able to give expression with a voice of just autho r7ty in those councils, for the freedom of other lands which are dear to the heart of every subject of the Queen. (Cheers.) My friend, Mr. Castle, has alluded to the foreign policy of the Government; and of that policy it will be necessary for me simply to say that, whether it regards Europe or America, it is a policy which is in accordance with the sen timents, which, indeed, it but justly reflects, of the English people, whose chief characteristics are a love of freedom, a love of independence, and an attachment to the cause of progress. (Cheers.) Having mentioned America, I may be allowed to express my sincere so - . Tow at thecalamity by which she has been afflicted, and my sincere desire that the blessings of peace and tranquillity may, under the guidance of Providence, be speedily restored to her people. (Cheers.) Permit me now to say a word with regard to myself. I have, owing mainly to your favour, been spending the last two years in dealing with the affairs of the sister country in conjunction with Lord Carlisle, who, from the day when he first gathered his early laurels in this city, down to the moment at which I am addressing you, has continued to grow in tne esteem and affection not only of the English, but also of the Irish people. (Hear.) During the period to which I refer many of the measures which were introduced into Parliament with respect to Ireland involved questions of great interest, and I sincerely hope that they have been dealt with by the Governnient in a manner which will tend to promote a cordial attachment between the two countries, and to root out, as far as possible, those feelings of an opposite character, the existence of which we have had so much reason to deplore. (Hear, hear.) In Ireland the spirit of industrial improvement is, I am happy to say, manifesting itself, from one end of the country to the other, in a degree most creditable to the energy of her people, and extremely conducive to the general contentment and tranquillity of the realm. (Hear, hear.) In the office in connection with that portion of the empire which I so lately held, I have been succeeded by the inheritor of a name more than all other names dear to the Irish people--(hear, hear)—by the son of that great man who, called from among us by a great calamity, be queathed to his fellow-countrymen the invaluable heirlooms of commercial freedom and religious liberty. (Cheers.) lam quit© sure—indeed, I know it from himself—that the descendant of that illustrious statesman will go to Ireland animated with the warmest affection for, and holding in the . _ _ highest honour the memory of his father; that he desires most sincerely to walk in his footsteps, and that he is earnestly determined to leave his name no less enshrined than he will find it in the affec tions of the Irish people. (Hear, hear.) Wherever he turns in the country to which he is going he will discover some vestige of his father's wisdom and power, and I devoutly hope that he is about to commence his career under auspices which may lead to a signal and satisfactory result. (Cheers.) For my own part, entertaining as I do the most grateful sense of the unvarying kindness which I experienced at the hands of the generous and warm-hearted people of Ireland, I shall always continue to take the deepest interest in every measure tending t o promote their progress and prosperity. (Hear.) It is to you, however, the citizens of Oxford, I chiefly owe it that I have been permitt e d to take my part in the public councils of this country • it is Mr. to Castle give has, his in to you I am indebted for the power to express to you of to 0111 mY sentiments in Parliament, and e ex tent, effect to my opinions. excellent speech, spoken the progr ess o f legislation, and has rend ere d but a just homage to that great public opinion 'which is, after all, the t last court of appeal in this free and iutelligeu country, and by whose force it is in reality that measures are matured and carried into effect. Of that public opinion the press, in the first instance, is the agent, and after it has been sufficiently de clared through the medium of that great organ , then comes the more deliberate and formal discus sions of the two Houses of Parliament, and finally the passing of those measures by which the destinies of the nation are for the future to be go" verned. I will not now fatigue you by entering st any length into subjeots of domestic interest, but this I may be per m itt e d t o sa y, that we have th is year, while keeping up our naval and military esta: blishments in the state of efficiency in which all of us are determined they should be maintained, WI enabled to reduce the public burdens by lessening the pressure of taxation—that relief having bee n afforded, I believe entirely with your consent, by a remission partly of direct and partly of indirect taxation. (Hear.) I know, I may add, at least one citizen of Oxford, my excellent friend Alderman. Towle—(a laugh)--who sincerely rejoices that, as in the last Session of Parliament the remaining P l - tective duties on foreign imports were abolished, gO in the Session now about to expire the last burdenns were removed which pressed on articles of domesti c manufacture. (Cheers.) Having said thus mueb, I once more beg to thank you for the unanimous mark of favour which you have to-day conferred upon me, and to assure you that as the ties whi ch bind me to this city are stronger and of earlier date than those connected with politics, so will they sur vive them should anything occur to sever our pall' tical relationship. (Cheers.) The proceedings closed with a vote of thanks to the Mayor. WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE. At a numerously a tt en d e d meet i ng o f t h e Central Conservative Co mm itt ee o f t h e W est Ridi ng , held l at Wakefield, on Friday, the 26th inst., resolutions were unanimously passed for bringing forward Con servative candidates for both divisions of the riding at the next general election. TILE PUBLIC HEALTH. (From the Quarterly Return of the Registrar- Genera l ' ) This return comprises the births and deaths re; gistered by 2,197 reg i s t rars i n a ll the d i str i c ts (11 ; England during the spring quarter that ended e s June 30, 1861 ; and th e marriages in 12,477 churche s or chapels, about 4,446 registered places of worsil unconnected with tt e Established Church, and 6 ' l , superintendent registrars' offices, in the quarter that ended on March 31, 1861. The leading facts of the return may b e briell stated. The marriag es , w hi ch were numerous 1 the concluding quarter of 1860, fell under the Pr eP f sure of adverse circumstances in the first quarter 0 .0 1861; many mo re c hild ren t h an usual were bor n in the second qua rter o f t hi s year ; and in the sa t period fine w ea th er , an d perhaps other than me n rological causes, were on the whole favoura bl e t health, for the death -rate was not quite so high the average. The population resident in England as enumerated at the census of Bth April, 1861, may be stated to be 20,061,725. This stat ement is derived from th e reports of the local officers, and, though it is VI bably very near the t ru th, may undergo some al", difications when the num b ers h ave b een more a cco f rately examined at the central-office. The rate ° increase in the last decennium was 12 per cent. r The number of persons married in the win ter quarter quarter was 66,802. Of 10,:100 of the populat'", d , 135 were married, but if the marriage -rate was str l i'd to the average for that quarter, the number wool have been 142. Tables that run through a series of years show that the people are less prone to 0 1. into wedlock in the first than in any of the succeed" in g quarters, and in the present year that season was eminently unpropitious in consequence of the seve re frost and dearness of provisions. The average weekli e number of recipients of i n -d oor and out-door reliel, exceeded by 54,155 th a t re li eved in the w i nte r of 1860. From a comparison of corresponding ters of 1859-61, it appears that the decline in rat riages was general over the country. In Lond°' they fell from 5,751 and 5,668 to 5,346. t hat The number of child ren b orn i n the quar t e r t ended June 30th was 184,718, which is highe r than the number born in any quarter of any P re ; vious year. The bi r th ra t e was near l y 37 Pe r 1,000 of the populati on , w hil s t t h e average i s lee s than 36. The increase of population as disclosed by the registers of births and deaths was 76,997, for t 0 that extent the former exceeded the latter, The rate of increase was equal to 846 daily. According to the emigration return, about 8,5 0 5 , persons of English ori g i n l e f t ports in the Unite' Kingdom, of whom 5,241 were bound f o r the United States, 776 for the North American colonies} 2,155 for the Australian colonies, 333 for other places. The total number of emigrants, includil 1,700 foreigners, was 37 , 987 , of whom 25,56 2 wen to the United St a t es . Th e I r i sh element f or rgd '. nearly two-thirds of th e w h o l e emigration. 1- e Scottish part of it sho we d a c l ear preference I°r Australia. The price of wheat w as 54 5. 9d . a quarter , ap e was higher by 2s. ld. than in the previous June,„ quarter, and by 7s. 6d. th an i n t h at of 1859. 10 mean price of beef in L ea d en h a l l and Nevig,,e markets was 5-7,-d.; both hi g h es t an d lowest P r , s 0 1 3 f were less than in th e same quarter of 1860, w"— also held in respect o f mutton, the mean price r which was 6-1-d. Best potatoes averaged 130 s. per tan ; they were dear er th an i n the same ( q uarter ° 1859, cheaper than in that of 1860 HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE IVEO (From the Registrar-General's Weekly _Return.) The iucrease in the mortality noticed in The vious returns was maintained last week. deaths in London, which were 1,043 in the first week of July, rose t o 1,207 in the week that ended last Saturday. The average number as obtairra, from the r e t urns o f the week corresponding wit h last week in th e t en years 1851-60, and correcte d for increase of population, is 1,214 ; hence, it sr_ pears that though the mortality rose last week, it has generally done at this season, it did not elc ceed its estimated limit. The deaths by diarrhoea, which were 87 and 1 34 in the two preceding weeks, rose to 200, the col' thanrested sa2ve occurredra ge being to i infants O who htohehsaed2oO no completed less the first year of life j 19 to persons of 20 y ears of age and upwards. Besides the cases ref erre d t o 158. the tables to diarrhcea, 20 deaths Were returned a l caused by cholera or choleraic dia rr h oea • an d these, all except 8 occurred to children. It may be added that Marylebone, which contains a popula tion of nearly 162,000, returned 16 deaths froel diarrhoea in the week, and that Lambeth, whic h contains about the same number of inhabitants, re' turned 10 from that complaint. This latter district •is composed partly of Kennington second pa r !' Brixton and Norw oo d ; an d i n none of these sub" districts were a n y d ea th s f rom diarrhcea, or in d ee d any of the mor e f a t a l comp l a i nts of the epidemic character, regit•tered in the last two weeks. teen from diarrhoea occurred last week in paneras, which has a population of nearly 199,000; the were chiefly is Tottenham-court sub-district and Somers-town. Diarrhoea was fatal in 7 cases DJ Islington West sub-district, in 5 in St. Janie,* Clerkenwell, si n t h e City-road subdistrict, 5 Z r/ West London North, 5 in Limehouse, 5 in 0 " Savour, Southwark, and 5 in Kennington first par t ' A man died at the age of 95 years, and tic° widows at the same age ; also a widow at 94. These four persons are the oldest of those whose deaths are recorded in the week. The bad sanitary condition of the premises is rear of a house 5, Noah's Ark-place, L am beth, where a child died of choleraic diarrhoea, is stated . It is stated that the stench caused the child "to shudder, and at once become coliansor Last week the births of 926 boys and 878 girls, in all 1,804 children, were registered in Landoll' In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 185 1 . - 60 the average number Was 1,578, At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barom e t er i n the week was 29'5 71 in. The barometrical readings rose to 2971 in;,,°; Wednesday, and f e ll to 29.40 in. on Friday mean temperature of the air in the week was 61 ,: - deg., which is 0.7 deg. below the average of ~t r r e same week in 43 years (as determined by "."-; e di G tas l y a h :s iag h: hd i e ) si . tt ihinettoini ts thel thermometer owwees et,k4, 9 i 7 n 83 .dt3he de e. , s g h .o a ne d nt e h r es o a s s ame day. The extreme range in the week, and also . 4r_ . that day, was there 23 . 5 deg. The mean daily range was 16.1 d eg. The difference betwee n t , l , mean dew-point temperature and air temperatu re _ was 5 . 6 chg. The mean degree of humidity of the air Was 83, complete saturation being by 100. The wind blew almost constantly from the south-west. The amount of rain was 0' , 31 1 „n e „ of which 0.32 in. fell on Friday ; more or less se l ll on every day. The thermometer in the sunromeatf its highest point on Monday, viz., 127. The temperature of the water of the Thames . was . 6 4 3. ! deg. There was thunder and lightning on Frida • represe_nret The Bavaria, steamer, which leaves to-day for New York, takes 25,000 A from gavre, but no Naglid % EPecigt