The Sun. — London, England, 1861-05-02 00:00:00

THEATRE-ItOYA.L, HAYMARKET. . Les ,ce, Mr. J. 11 Buokstone. - THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with a new and original Comedy, entitled BLACK SHEEP. Mr. Buckstone, Ur. Compton, Mr. Howe, (to. ; Mrs. Wilkins, Mrs. Charles Younf.;, Miss Lovell, &c. Alter which, will be revived, with entirely new scenery efts, and all the or i g inal music b y the late Sir Henry and Bhopfec, the melodrama of THE en Mat ILLER AND HIS MEN. Commence 7. RO YAL PRINCESS'S Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Hartle. THIS EVENING, RUY BLAS. Mr. Fechter. After which, Three Scenes from the Drama of LUKE THE LABOURER. Philip, Mr. T. P. Cooke. Followed by GRIMSHAW, BAGSHAW, and BRAD SHAW. Mr. Buckstone. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. E. Webster. Reproduction of "The Colleen Bawn. " The Adelphi " Census " every Evening. - 1 - WTEVENING, 4tk time of a new Farce, entitled A TURKISH BATH. Mr. J. L. Toole, Mr. P. Bedford. After which (111th time), THE COLLEEN BAWN. Mr. D. Rouoicault, D. fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson, C. J. Smith, Romer, Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boucicault, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chatterley. To be followed by a new apropos Sketch, THE CENSUS. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Eburne, Romer, C. J. Smith ; Miss Kate Kelly, Miss E. Thorne, and Mrs. Chatterley. Doors open at half past I—Commenee at 7. CANTERBURY-MALL CONCERTS!! Westminster-road. Proprietor... C Morton. A. Grand Selection from Verdi's new °per"' IL COBSABO, a ny other (This opera has never been produced in th is wi e or t: th at de country, except at these Concerto), having .0 toular works of cided success which charactise i the nut,.otX, t EvENING ; this great Master, will be performed REGGl together with a Selection from LA jet MENTO, by Donizetti, ~“ e u. Madame Maria, Miss Principal Artistes—Miss flnr-'lTivoli, H. Drummond, and Tyrrell, Mr. H. Herbert, SV., - *.. j o ughmans. C. W. Bernard. Director , . 1 " -- rises Messrs. E. Marshall, A. t comP The Comic Depart $ n chard, F. Bell, W. H. Welland, and B. Hollingsworth, J. ill"' the Brothers Conrad. c celebrated Pictures will rem ain on John Martin's view a short tisjohlonger in the Fine Arts Gallery of the Establishmen t- ---- WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tuts DAY —Morning, 7h. 28m.—Afternoon, Bh. 4m. To-raounow.-Morning, ' Bh. 44m.—Afternoon, 9h. 28m. 1 THE WEATHEit.—Svx OFFICE, MAY 2, Issl, THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. Cl—highest since noon yesterday. 42—lowest this morning and during the night. 58—this day at noon. BAnomran-30.32. WlND—Northerly—rather fresh ; with fine weather, bul dimly. . • LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 2, 1861. By a coincidence—simply by a coincidence—the "Earl of DERBY was yesterday afforded a rather conspicuous opportunity for enunciating the opinions of his party, upon the very eve of that important discussion in the House of Commons, during which there is to be brought under the considera tion of our popular representatives an alternative that may be accurately designated " the turning point" of the present session of Parliament. It is simply, as weohave intimated, the result of the merest casualty that the Leader of the Opposition has been afforded, by means of a purely accidental conjunction of dates, altogether beyond anyone's calculation, this, for him and his followers, most timely opportunity—the opportunity of issuing to the public at large a Political Manifesto, upon the very eve of a great Party struggle between the Government and the Opposition. That Lord DERBY availed himself of t his opportunity and availed himself of it moreover to the full, is, of course, not for a single instant to be wondered at. It fortunately for the Conservatives so happened, that one of the most devoted members of their great aggregate in the House of Commons occupies this year the civic chair as London's Chief Magistrate. It fortunately for them so happened, that—in regard to their Political Chief, and in regard to themselves, martialled as they are under the banner of the great Tory Earl's Lieutenant, the Right Hon. gentleman the member for Buckinghamshire—the Lord Mayor (CUBITT) was "on hospitable cares intent," was there in the banquetting hall of his city palace, the Mansion House, welcoming them as his honoured guests upon—of all days in the session !—the evening of the Second of May : otherwise, as we have said upon the eve of the very .day fixed for the application of that Test of the Strength of Parties in the House of Commons, the Amendment in respect to the diminution of the war tax upon Tea, about to be introduced in Committee of Ways and Means by the hon. gentleman the member for the great commercial constituency of Liverpool. It was in another way also for theßonservative party, for the more devoted partizans of the Tory Opposition, a coincidence of r,o very disagreeable character in its way, that the festive welcome accorded to their leaders yesterday by the Chief Magistrate of London, took place upon that for theta this session red-letter week-day—a Wednes day ! And upon that Wednesday of all the Tory Wednesdays in the session which witnessed what Mr. DISRAELI himself spoke of last night as one that had witnessed the defeat of what he said he believed to be the last of the series of mea sures successfully opposed [in antagonism to the covert or avowed support of her MAJESTY'S Go vernment] by her MAJESTY'S Opposition. Lord DERBY had previously taken occasion to refer exultingly, amidst the sympathetic cheers of his audience last night assembled in the Mansion House, to the triumphs achieved by his party during the past three months of the present ses sion, " Wednesday after Wednesday." Mr. DISRAELI did not, however, content himself with a mere cursory allusion to what is naturally enough a matter of immense satisfaction to himself as head in the House of Commons of the great body of the Conservatives, or, as they now love to call themselves the Great Constitutional party of the Opposition. Referring to those Wed nesday successes achieved by himself and his sup porters of late so very frequently—successes which had been incidently mentioned as a matter of atat ' l ation to the Conservatives by the noble earl their lead er • , Mr. DISRAELI particular ized some of their more strikin g peculiarities. measures, brought He said "Those forward at moments when im portant business is not accustomed to be introduced to the consideration of the Rouse, and not under the patronage of the Ministry, b, out of doors the attention which not commanded if fo rtunately commanded within the walls of r t they par liament. All those measures in full Houses, after full and free discussion, have been signally and ignotninlislY defeated by the tact, discipline, and unflag g i n g zeal of the Constitutional party in the House of Commons. My lord, I must say that these impor tant Parliamentary transactions have been charac terised by one remarkable trait. Although none of these measures—systematically assailing the consti tution of the Church and State, systematically attempting to change the disposition and distribu tion of power in England—although none of those measures has been brought forward by the Govern ment, every one of them have been supported by it, and in a manner most peculiar and most unusual. Sometimes the Government have spoken for these measures, and voted against them. Sometimes, on the contrary, they have spoken against these mea sures, and voted for them. This is a process that Imo now been pursued for several months; and to. 40 I t, AO; M 4 4 0 E'T • o t. 1 )2:01 r THE SUN. day,"—thisis the exultant expression of which we have already spoken as so very curiously timed in he mere coincidence of it—" to-day," said Mr. DISRAELI last evening, " to-day, I believe, has witnessed the defeat of the last of this series of measures !" So that " a clear stage," in a manner, has been obtained, there, for the contest, which is fixed for this evening in the House of Commons—the contest between the powers that be and the powers that wish to be. There is something very English in the out spokenness of the Earl of DERBY throughout the whole of his remarkable speech upon the occasion of last night's Conservative Demonstration. Her MAJESTY'S Government cannot certainly accuse him at this moment of anything like reticence. Ae s peaks right out—he avows his views qu it e plainly —he proclaims his ambition and the ambition of those in both Houses who repose i mpl i c it :confidence in his leadership. What will infallibly be the most distasteful of all to the chiefs of the present Admi nistration is the grand and haughty tone in which Lord DERBY, as Mr. DISRAELI had done himself on Monday in the House of Commons, spoke of the existing Ministry as living purely upon sufferance ! Surviving merely because of the mag nanimous support accorded to them by a powerful Opposition ! Gall and wormwood must assuredly be in every syllable, like the following, dropped from the lips of Lord DERBY for the ear of Lord PALMERSTON. The Conservative leader—referring to the course recently pursued in the House of Commons by his followers—observing, " It is well known that if that party were to cease their vigi- lance and their attendance in Parliament for the protection of Her MAJESTY'S Government, the noble viscount at the head of that Government would very shortly sustain the fate of ACT/EON, and be torn to pieces by his own dogs. My lord, we know the jarring elements of which the Liberal party—God save the mark—are now composed, are now kept together solely and entirely by their ap prehension of the united power of the great Con servative party which opposes them ; and if for one single - week we were to relax our -vigilance we know that the discord would break out into open rebel lion, and we know that the QUEEN'S Government would not be sustained during this session." Worse —a tone like that—far more irritating to really high-minded and chivalrousrhearted Statesmen than any reiteration of defeat that could possibly happen upon any number of Wednesdays, must be taunts like these, informing Ministers that they owe their existence as a Government to the magnanimous support of the confronting Opposi tion. Looking back down the vista of the last three months , we cannot induce ourselves to do otherwise than believe ,that the Cabinet has suffered more than they would willingly acknow ledge from the retirement of Sir WM. HAYTER from the responsible position in which he did so much good service to his party while winning for himself so high and honourable a reputation. The Governmeht Whips—late though it be in the ses sion for them to attempt it—may yet redeem their character for energy by wielding the lash adroitly in the cause of the Administration. Lord DERBY had hzB opportunity last evening, and admirably well he availed himself of it opportunity of issuing 4.. a timely Manifesto enunciating the views of the Opposition. The Government Whips, in return, will now have their opportunity—and we presume they will for once evidence something like energy in availing themselves of it in real earnest—the op portunity of achieving a Ministerial triumph in May sufficient to compensate for all the various defeats which in February, March, and April, have (in a great measure thanks to them) fallen time and again upon the powerful phalanx of the Coalition Government. Every arrival from America now brings tidings more and more painful. They have not waited long to make up for the want of bloodshed at Fort Sumpter. Either Harper's Ferry or Baltimore —for the dates have not yet arrived—has the honour of having shed the first blood in the second American Revolution. At the former place, poor old JOHN BROWN'S exploit for liberty has been sadly vindicated. One thousand Virginians pressed the arsenal so hardly that the Federal commis sioners destroyed the armoury, arsenal, manufac tory, and fifteen thousand stand of arms. They then returned into Pennsylvania, but with the loss of three men. So far as we can gathex, on the same day, or very nearly so, a Massaehusett's regiment was passing through Maryland to Wash ington, but at Baltimore it was attacked by the mob, and eleven were killed on both sides. This regiment reached Washington on the 19th. It is singular at the present crisis that the capital, and its little district of Columbia, should be seated in a slave State, though one in which slavery has for some time been dying out. The close proximity, too, of the largest of the slave States, Virginia, a State which subsists by breeding slaves for the South, makes the position of the capital in this struggle one not to be envied. It requires indeed a con siderable body of troops to place Washington in safety ; five thousand were said to be under arms there on the 20th, when the Canadian left. The E secession of Virginia which rendered this necessary, though long expected, is the most im portant of the facts of which we have been just apprised ; Virginia is the most populous and power ful by far of the Slave States. It has about half the population of the State of New York itself, or one million nine hundred thousand inhabitants, including about half a million of slaves. North Carolina, immediately south of it, including three hundred thousand slaves, has followed the example of Virginia, and it seems every way probable that all the border States, who might certainly have taken. a wiser course, will, as Slave States, consider their honour pledged to the Southern confederacy. Open war is, therefore, now commenced. The Governor of Virginia has issued a proclamation recognising the Southern Convention, and North Carolina has seized all the forts within the States. Virginia has also taken the precaution to close Norfolk harbour, where one of the Federal Navy Yards is situated, by sinking vessels at its month in order to prevent egress from the yard. A Federal ship of war threatened, however, to level the town if the obstructions were not removed. What is the number of ships in the naval yard at this moment we cannot be sure. At the beginning of the year there were then in ordinary—the Columbus, 80 guns; the Delaware, 84; the Columbia, 50; the R the a e r r itan, 50; the Plymouth , 22, and the German Town, 22. In all 308 g uns. On the stocks was the New York, an 84 gpn ship. And one ship apparently in commission, the United States frigate, 50 guns. As the navy will be t,ie p IIZSIDENT'S chief reliance, and the greatest annoya nc e to the South, we should not be surprised to hear of ri desperate struggle at Norfolk Harbour. Indeed, if the `Virginians cannot keep the yard in their hands, they will probably think it better policy t o burn allthe vessels there than to of the" are to be found e let them fall into th e h an d s not observed that any o th er eh ' in the navy yards of th e South, except xeept North.an 84 on thed We have , stocks in the New O r l eans Dockyard. n Accounts must now be awaited with most painful interest. We can but fear AM THE SUN,. LONDON, TITITESDAY `EVENING, MAY 2, 1861. 1.11.111111111M11.0011•••••••••••••••Mialum.!••••7-. every ship will bring _lldingspf some fatal col lision, Each party will be endeavouring to out strip the other in both attack and defence. The PRESIDENT is daily receiving reinforcements at Washington. He has issued a proclamation de claring a blockade of all the Southern ports ; and, it is a remarkable fact, indeed, that the Govern ment of Washington, which refused to abolish privateering when Europe asked it, has now pro claimed that it will seize and condemn, as pirates, all vateer vessels which may be seized by the Federal ships. In future, any power at war with America has but resolutely to insist on fol lowing the lead of the Washington Government, and the barbarous practice of privateering will be banished from' civilised warfare. It must be confessed that the clerical party, under the lead of the Right Hon. BENJAMIN DISRAELI, are consistent. If they signalise Wednesdays this year by rejecting measures of religious liberty for Dissenters, they are prepared also to refuse liberty for themselves. Last night Mr. LOCKE KING brought in a bill to give a little more liberty to clergymen, but it fared much the same as Sir MORTON PETO's bill to bestow a trifle more of that favourite English privilege on Dissenting Teachers. Clergymen are now, in one respect, it seems, very much like paupers. They must keep to their parish. If they attempted to preach and pray elsewhere, the ecclesiastical courts, or powers of some sort, would soon pass them home to their parish. The Regulars of the Church of Rome can preach where they like. Dissenting ministers of all sects, even to lay preachers, like the honourable member for Cambridgeshire, can preach where they please. Only the clergyman of_t s lA Established Church is nailed to his parish. Mr. KING tried to get a little freedom for them last year, but failed. He has tried again this year to obtain a less measure of liberty, but failed again ; he modestly proposes that if an archbishop or a bishop license a minister to preach or pray only— not to venture on the administration of sacraments, but only to speak as he best could in public to either GOD or man—he might be permitted to do so. Strike out the archbishop, said Sir G. C. LEWIS, and I will assent. The par nobile .fratrum, Mr. NEWDEGATE and Mr. SPOONER, for once differed, the former being opposed to clerical liberty, the latter in favour of it; so were other Liberal and Tory members; but Mr. ESTCOURT, Lord J. MAN ; NERS, and Mr. G. HARDY took up the cause of keeping every clergyman to his own parish, and "so the bill was lost." Well, so let it be. Bishops, even, it seems, are not fit to be trusted with the Government of the Church and the liberties of the clergy. One would have supposed that they were little likely enough to license any clergyman to preach to the annoy ance of another clergyman in their dioceses. Most of them love quiet too well for that. A smaller amount of freedom than that claimed by some of the speakers for laymen—the power to get the services of some acceptable clergyman when their own was offensive to them—we can hardly con ceive. We like all proposals for freedom of every kind ; but if the clergy and the majority of the laity are content with these restraints, they are hardly worth the trouble of removing. The Great Council of the Austrian Empire was opened yesterday. As things stand we-can but scrutinise closely and suspiciously all relating to it; and yet, after all, who can reflect for a moment on what Austria was before 1848, and what she has been in the twelve years of reaction, and not look with wonder on a Council meeting in Austria ; and to hear one of the most absolute of Monarchs telling that Council that he has sanctioned the introduction of tried constitutional forms." A con stitution he has thus given his empire, according to Mr. ROEBUCK, even more liberal than our OWL On one point it is so, certainly. It allows of female voting at elections. When we look at the EMPEROR'S avowed reasons, they are also far better than most would have anti cipated. He is "convinced that free institutions," " protection of the rights of nationalities," and the " equality of citizens," will lead to a safe reorgani sation of the whole monarchy." He is so humble and teachable that he " desires to learn positively, through the mouths of the representatives of the people, what they consider best for the welfare of the people." And he thinks it " necessEtry to show the world that political, national, and religious dif ferences do not form an insurmountable obstacle to a national understanding." What ought we not to expect from a council called for such reasons, and in which free and public discussion is to be inau gurated in Austria ? The testing question—the separate and indepen dent administration for Hungary—is, of course, not directly adverted to. Indeed, we believe not a single Hungarian representative is present in the Council; and we are not sure that the annexed parts have sent any. The EMPEROR could therefore, with common prudence, speak only in the most vague language. He trusts to the justice of his policy and to the intelligence of the people, for " a satis-• factory solution of the question of the representa tion of Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slavonia." When they understand the real state of things, he thinks they will approve of the insti tutions he has desired to confer on them. At least he promises—what words from an Emperor of Austria !—that "a liberal policy shall be equally developed in all parts of the Empire, with special regard for the historical traditions of the provinces." But Hungary will not own herself to be a province ; she is an independent Kingdom; respect for historical traditions may be said to comprehend the whole of her demands—a King, a Palatine, an independent Ministry, a separate finance, and the control of it, and the withdrawal of all non-Hungarian troops are an undoubted part of what she can historically, and even by recent laws and treaties, justly demand. How- will these demands be met ? The EMPEROR, though at com parative ease in Italy, yet will hardly dare to coerce Hungary. Well for him if no evil counsellors drive him to the attempt. The Budget is to 'be submitted to this council. Will the EMPEROR venture to include Hungarian expenditure and taxation in it ? Not one moment too soon does he endeavour to give to his Exche quer the credst it would gain from a budget• voted by the entire provinces of the empire. Yet it is remarkable enough to see such a thing done in Austria. Two points in the Speech seem to have especially called forth the cheers of the Deputies—the allusion to liberal institutions, and the assertion of the determination to preserve the "inviolable foundation of the unity and indivisibility of the whole monarchy," and to repel any violation of the same as an attack not only on the monarchy, but "on the rights of all the provinces and nationalities," Hungary will ask, what right has any province or nationality in the Austrian Empire, to require of Hungary any other union than that shaped by the Pragmatic Sanction, and interpreted by the laws of 1848. Mr. COBDEN'S VISIT TO ROCHDALE.—III aCCOre. ance with Mr. Cobden's wish, the proposed banquet at Rochdale will not take place. The hon. gentleman will be received at a public meeting Qf the W 441.44103, 11-ATEST NE WS. PARIS, MAY 2. The Moniteur of to-day says : " Yesterday the Plenipotentiaries of France and Belgium signed a treaty of commerce, a convention concerning navigation, and a convention for gua ranteeing literary, artistic, and industrial copy rights." The Paris papers publish telegraphic despatches from Constantinople to the 24th inst., announcing a concentration of troops at Yenibazar against Montenegro. -- The same telegram asserts that the English and Turkish squadrons had received orders to act in concert. The Turkish squadron has re ceived provisions from the arsenal of Corfu. intelligencemf the-peoples, I expect a satisfactory solution of the question of the representation of Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slavonia. " As soon as they shall understand the real state of things they will be inspired with the necessity for and the advantage of the institutions I have granted, and will then justify my confidence by their actions, and I shall see around me with the greatest satisfaction the representatives of the whole monarchy. I hope to enjoy undisturbed the blessings of peace. Europe feels the same want, as she wishes to repose from the agitation of recent times, and to recover her equilibrium. " This universal feeling imposes upon the Powers the duty of not exposing the precious treasure of peace to any danger. " Austria acknowledges this duty, which has also been admitted by the other Powers, in order to give herself up to work for the general welfare. "Estimates will be submitted to you for esta blishing an equilibrium between the income and expenditure, and also proposals for the introduc tion of desirable modifications in some branches of the revenue, and for the settlement of the relations between the National Bank and the State." The Emperor concluded as follows : " I acknowlege the duty which, as a Sovereign, I have assumed before sll nations, to protect with all my power the Constitution of the whole Empire in the sense of the diploma of October and February last, as the inviolable foundation of the unity and indivisability of the whole monarchy ; and it is my firm intention to repel any violation of the same as an attack on the existence of the monarchy, and on the rights of all the provinces and nationalities." The allusions to the unity of the Empire and the liberal institutions granted to the country were loudly applauded by the members. Baron Vay and Count Szechen were present at the opening of the Council, FRANCE. PARTS, MAY 1. The Conference on the Franco-Belgian Treaty met to-day to sign the minutes of its work, and probably also the instruments on the drawing up of which it has with so much labour agreed. It may therefore be now said that the Conference has achieved its important and difficult duty. The following were the last quotations : ft per per Cents ... 95 60 , Credit Fonder Do. end month.... 95 65 1 Belgian 4}.. 3 per Cents Do. end month 69 15 Roman Bank Shares .. 2830 —1 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 707 50 1 Spanish Threes 4B 50 Do. Account 7lO —lHome Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. • Orleans 1352 50 1353 75 Northern New ditto 897 50 .. 897 50 Lyons and Mediterranean 960 .. 961 25 Geneva 417 50 .. Southern 557 50 .. 556 25 Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lowbard CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA LONDONDERRY, WEDNESDAY. The screw steamer Canadian, which sailed from Portlan:don the 20th ult., arrived at Moville at 10 30 a.m. and her despatches at Londonderry at 2 30 p.m. English time. She landed all her mails, ex cept those for Liverpool and London. The screw steamer Kedar arrived at Halifax on the 18th, and the royal mail steamer Niagara on the 19th. A Massachusetts regiment going to Washington was attacked in Baltimore by a mob, and 11 were killed on both sides, and many wounded. Martial law had been proclaimed there. Governor Hicks has declared to allow any more federal troops to pass through Baltimore, thereby causing great indignation in the North. The regiment reached Washington on the 19th. _ Virginia has seceded, and a proclamation has been issued by the Governor, recognising the Southern Confederacy. The news was received with rejoicing in the south. North Carolina has seized the Government forts, and all the Slave States seem to be arming for the defence of the South. The Federal Government will condemn as pirates all privateers seized. No more provisions or arms are allowed to go South. President Lincoln, in a proclamation, declares a] the ports of the seceded states blockaded. Troops are arriving at Washington from al points. Virginians closed Norfolk harbour by sinking vessels, to prevent egress from the navy yard. A United States ship of war threatened to level the town, when the obstructions were removed. The Federal commissioners at Harper's Ferry, being pressed by 1,000 Virginians, destroyed the Armoury, Arsenal, Manufactory, bags, and 13,000 stand of arms on the 18th April, and then retired into Pennsylvania with their men, of whom they lost three. All the bridges have been destroyed between Baltimore and Washington. Troops will be forwarded from Philadelphia via Harbour de Grace and Annapolis. Five thousand men are under arms at Washing ton to-day (April 19). The southern loan has all been taken up. Accounts from Havana of the 15th state that an additional number of Spanish troops had gone to San Domingo. It was rumoured that Prince Alfred would return to England without visiting Havana, on account of the death of the Duchess of Rent. _ _ _ . _ Major Anderson and his command had arrived at New York, where they received a great ovation. A despatch in the New fork: Tribune states that Fort Pickens now contains 800 men, and seven vessels were lying outside. Private despatches from Baltimore state that the position of the loyal citizens there wag very critical. One despatch says :—" We hope the North will stand by us, and in their forced passage through our city to the capital remember that there are many true men here. Our police, and many of our military companies, openly defy the Government." The New Fork Evening Post of the 19th ultimo, learns from a reliable source that President Davis, at the head of the confederate army, was within twenty-four hours' march of Washington. Great excitement prevailed at the latter place. The President's mounted guard had been mustered into service as cavalry. The telegram from Lisbon of the earthquake at the city of Mendoza, in the Argentine Republic, by which 7,000 lives and 2,000 houses are reported to have been de stroyed, the loss of property being estimated at a sum equal to £14,000,000 sterling, has created great anxiety for fur. ther news among all the merchants interested in the com merce of the River Plate. The city of Mendoza is situated almost at the extreme west of the republic, on a rich and well irrigated plain near the Andes, within about 100 miles of the Chilian frontier, and it has long had a large popula tion and active transit trade, with every prospect of increas • ing prosperity. The petition about to be presented to the House of Lords in favour of the Government Bankruptcy Bill, and earnestly praying that it may not be referred to a select committee, has been signed by an almost unprecedent ed number of the leading mercantile and banking firms of Lon don. Should this document be disregarded, the inference will be unavoidable that the wishes and views of the com mercial world aro to be sacrificed for the sa ke of party hostility. A meeting of the Submarine Telegraph Company has been called for the 13th inst., to elect three new direc tors, and to consider the charges lately brought against the management. It is to be presumed, however, that the shareholders will deem it expedient to reverse the proposed order of procedure, and deal with the charges first, and the §electiext . ef 4ircet9rs afterwards. CONSTANTINOPLE, MAY 1, 12.15 P.M. The Porte has notified its consent to the union of the Principalities during the life of the present Hospodar. By an arrangement between Sir Henry Bulwer and the Porte, the secirestrated arms have been stored in the Seven Towns. Delegates from the Legations are to go to Bosnia with Omar Pasha. SERAJEVO, MAY 1. The Christian inhabitants have again risen in in surrection, and demand local self-government. Omar Pasha is expected here. He is the bearer of the proposals which have been deemed satisfac tory by the Ambassadors at Constantinople. After having visited Niksich, the foreign Consuls will proceed to Piva and Coupche. THE BOMBAY MAILS. MALTA, MAY 1, 11.25 A.M. The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's steamer, with the Bombay mails of the 12th of April, arrived here this morning. BELGIUM. Disturbances of a serious nature have taken place at Gand (Ghent). The workmen of MM. Parmen tier, Van Hoegarde, tnd Co., weavers,having struck, the firm replaced the .strikers by hands from the country. These new hands were insulted, pelted, and otherwise annoy:A by the recalcitrants. Messrs. Parmentier and Co. issued placards offering 15f. per week and upwards to good hands. These pla cards were all torn down, and it was necessary for the police to interfere. The Journal de Grand says : — " On Sunday last matters took a more serious turn. Large bodies of weavers assembled in the vicinity of the establish ment of Messrs. Parmentier, and, coming upon that gentleman and-his clerk, assailed them :n the most brutal manner. It was with difficulty they escaped with their lives, and found a refuge in the house of M. Cassier. The Areatment they receised reminds us of the worst days of our revolutiontry epoch. The mob then proceeded to the manufactory, which was occupied by the police, and pullel down the gateway and iron railings. The police were com pelled to use their weapons, and varicas persons were more or Tess seriously wounded. A great num ber of persons have been arrested." Two other strikes took place the next day. The police and gendarmerie were called out. Women and girls paraded the streets singing. On Monday evening matters assumed so serious an aspect that it was deemed necessary to call out the military. According to the last accounts the strike continues. NAPLES, APRIL 30 (Evening). The city of Naples and the provinces are tram quit. TURIN, MAY The Opinione of to-day has news from Palermo to the 28th ult., stating that a popular assembly had been held there, at which shouts of " Long live Garibaldi !' were raised. The assembly was dispersed by the Nationa' Guard. ST. PETERSBURG, MAY 1. The Journal de St. Petersburg of to-day pub lishes an article which says : " The last war in Italy, the success of a fortu nate soldier, the contagious example of Hungary, and the declamation of the foreign press on the policy of developing nationalities, have exercised a great influence on Poland." . The article also states that the Government can reckon on the support of the rural population, MARSEILLES, MAY 1. Advices from Be y rout to the 22d ult., announce that five Turkish vessels, with troops on board, had arrived from Constantinople. An address was being signed, calling upon the European Powers to settle, the question of indemnity, and to take energetic measures for the protection of the Christians in Syria. Advices have also bean received here from Con stantinople announcing that Omar Pasha is the bearer of a proclamation from the Sultan, assuring the inhabitants of Bosnia that Omar Pasha will protect them against the Montenegrins. French troops had embarked for Syria. On their arrival at Beyrout Fuad Pasha will have 35,000 soldiers at his disposal. MADRID, APE'', 30. The Emperor of Austria has arrived at Cadiz. The Correspondencia Autografa announces that the Emperor Napoleon has congratulated Queen Isabella 11. on the reincorporation of San Domingo with Spain. AUSTRIA. THE SPEECH OF THE EMPEROR. VIENNA, MAY 1. Both Houses of the Council of the Empire were opened to-day. The Emperor in his opening speech said-- "It affords me the greatest satisfaction to greet today in this assembly the Imperial Princes, the high dignitaries of the Church, and the heads of the noble families of the country. " I also welcome the D dpniies. I have been deeply moved by the many addresses of thanks which I have received from the Provincial Diets. I consider them as a token for the future, which is rich in hope. " I am convinced that free institutions, accom panied by a conscientious protection of the equal rights of all the nationalities and the equality of all citizens, will lead to a safe reorganisation of the whole monarchy. tiV ith this aim in view I sanc tioned the introduction of tried constitutional forms. " A liberal policy shall be equally developed in all parts of the empire, with special regard for the historical traditions of the provinces. " I desire to learn positively, through the mouths of the representatives of the people, what they con sider best for the welfare of the country. "It is necessary to show the world that political, national, and religions differences do not form an insurmountable obstacle to a national under standing. "Austria is powerful enough safely to carry out the development of her internal interests. She will inspire no fear abroad, because we shall avoid all passionate excitement. " Belying on the justice of my policy and on the THE TNES. Blackwood's Magazine. There is an article on " Th'e Ministry and the Budget," which is very admirably done, and ex poses in a very striking manner the many blunders that are made by the bright and particular star who now irradiates the financial horizon, and is supposed by his admirers to be a heaven-sent Minister born to suit the special occasion. The following remarks on his abilities are very accurate, and demonstrate the difference between theoretical and practical talent : " The bent of his mind is speculative and theoretical. Like other fine scholars, his capacity for the discharge of ordinary business is limited ; but distrust of his own powers is a sensation which he never felt, and his ambition, fos tered by vanity, has become so exorbitant, that he consi ders himself eminently well fitted to perform the duties of any office within the wide range of administration. ' We must, however, be allowed to distinguish between the qualities which make a man a dexterous, keen, and fluent debater, and those which recommend him to the public trust and confidence as a wise and provident steward. Beyond all question, Mr. Gladstone is in possession of the one ; but that he can lay claim to the other we broadly and unhesitatingly deny." After a masterly exposition of the discrepancies that exist in his statements in many cases, and the one-sided view he persists in taking of important questions, it is said in summing up the various points of the argument, "It means simply this, Mr. Gladstone, admitting all his brilliant qualities, is the wrong man in the wrong place. An experi enced clerk from any mercantile house would be a much better and safer Chancellor of the E xchequer." After alluding to the danger that threatens if Mr. Gladstone will institute a sweeping reduction of the national expenditure by striking at the army and navy estimates to suit the views of the Peace party he has lately done his best to propitiate, this excellent article concludes thus : " Well, then, if we cannot reduce the expenditure, what is in store for us next year, if we lop away the paper duty, but an augmentation of the income-tax ? Money cannot be raised now from any other source, though Mr. Glad • stone, emulous of distinguishing himself in every line of character, has come out as a ehiffionier or rag-picker, and improves his leisure moments by groping in the kennel for casual pence. Many years ago he was impressed by a say ing of the late Dr. Chalmers regarding the power of the penny ; but he totally misunderstood the application, for in his view a million of pence are equivalent to the pence of the million. So, last year, he inflicted a small Egyptian lice-plague upon merchants, in the shape of infinitesimal stamps, which really added nothing appreciable to the re venue, while it materially obstructed trade ; and this year, he smites at chicory, renders it an unlawful thing to light a cigar in a tobacconist's shop unless the owner pays an additional duty, and follows the pharasaical method of tak ing tithes of mint and cumin, while neglecting the weightier matters of the law. After having deliberately and most attentively perused the Budget speech, and con sidered it in all its bearings, we have no other•advice to give to the ratepayers of Britain than the wholesome but often-neglected warning of the police—' Gentlemen, look to your pockets 1' " " Mrs. Beauchamp's Vengeance " is a very smart little tale, which exemplifies the mistakes that vanity will lead folks to commit. The plot is very ingenuously contrived, and the reader is kept in the dark till quite the end. It is not often that one finds a denouement so skilfully brought in. " The Executor" is another story that is clever in its way, it relates the troubles that befell many parties in consequence of a certain lady being possessed of more money at her death than had been supposed likely by her connections. There is a paper on " Motley's History of the Netherlands," which is worthy of perusal, and it is said that " The value of Mr. Motley's additions may be, and already has been exaggerated, but that the materials which he has brought to light fully justify the great literary enterprise he has undertaken, there can be no doubt." " The Euthanasia of the Ottoman - Empire" is an elaborate treatise that deserves careful study from those who have leisure to devote to abstract ques tions. The consideration of the Life of the Right Hon. William Pitt, by Earl Stanhope, is another valuable addition to this month's number, and claims that attention that an important subject ably treated always deserves from persons of all shades of opinion, and the reader may say of the writer of this criticism what he himself says, in his concluding,words, of the author—" We thank him for the large measure both of instruction and amuse ment which he has afforded us." Dublin University Magazine. The story of "An Only Son" is continued a some length, and improves on acquaintance. Ned Locksley is a fine spirited young man, who attracts our interest by his fearless bearing, and impresses all around him by his bold determination. The account of his baffling the bullying set among whom he was thrown is very exciting and enter taining. There are other events described in the last chapter which are peculiar, and also are ably narrated: The circumstance of the idiot boy coming forward to give evidence at a critical junc ture, and thus turning the course of affairs is a remarkable incident. There is a very interesting article on " Sir William Napier," which is on a subject that can hardly fail to arrest respectful attention and to meet with sympathising readers. All must agree in the merits of that distinguished man, who is here appropriately spoken of as " Our English Taeitus," as I love to call him, and as such, without doubt, as the greatest of all our military historians, his brave bright name will survive perennially in the national remembrance. There are many who have dwelt on his stirring descrip tion and brilliant eloquence who will subscribe to the truth of this assertion, and it was in reference to these triumphs that Mr. Disraeli forcibly remarked that "Fortunate in everything, Wellington was fortunate in having found an historian whose im mortal page no% ranks with the classic of the land that Wellesley saved." There is here given a brief account of the family of Sir William, which is worthy of notice. 4 , It is scarcely probable that the world will soon, if ever, again witness so singular a combination of hereditary pecu liarities as that which distinguished the five sons of Colonel the Hon. George Napier, of Celbridge, in the county of Dublin. Their ancestry seems, in truth, like a famous Parliamentary majority recorded in one of the later volumes of Hansard,' to be nothing less than a fortuitous con currence.' . . . Into the main current of the historic lineage of the Napiers, it is curious to note how many and how important were those tributaries. They secured to it whatever ambidexterous advantages might be supposed to result from the infusion into the blood of the Napiers, of the divine ichor' of two royal houses—those of Henry IV. of France, and of Charles 11. of England. They rendered kindred to that same heroic blood, the blood of two chival rous but tainted traitors to the Crown—the great Montrose and Lord Edward Fitzgerald. Through the maternal line they enabled these five brothers, already mentioned, collec tively, to claim the sympathies of relationship with Charles Fox, the orator of the Liberal Opposition; and through the paternal line, farther back by one or two generations, and higher in the intellectual atmosphere, in the very empyrean of abstract philosophy, to trace their descent directly from the renowned inventor of logarithms, the immortal John Napier, of Merchistoun." At the conclusion of this most interesting sketch we meet with the following passage that records some of the public achievements and private cha racteristics of this departed worthy:— "With a nature thrilling in its every fibre with sensi bility, and a temperament singularly impulsive and impas sioned, he combined in a wonderful degree, a judgment pre eminently judicial and dispassionate. In testimony of this, it is only requisite to glance for a moment at that majestic Plutarchian contrast or comparison with which he closes the last chapter of the twenty-fourth book, completing his great historic masterpiece. The celebrated peroration of that oratorical history, in which Napier contrasts N apoleon (whom the English annalist here designates magnani mously and magnificently 'the greatest man of whom his tory makes mention, the most wonderful commander, the most sagacious politician, the most profound statesman) , ' contrasts the groat Napoleon and Wellington. Comparing the battle of Wellington to the stroke of the battering ram —' down went the wall in ruins The battle of Napoleon to the swell and dash of the mighty wave, before which the barrier yielded and the roaring flood poured onwards, covering all 1' As thus, in these profoundly deliberated and crowning passages, in his record of the wars of the Peninsula, so equally judicial and dispassionate shone the judgment of Sir William Napier in the heat and vivacity of conversation. It was significant of the English soldier's impartiality, and of the English historian's magnanimous regard of the arch foe, that in his principal room at Scirde House (the dining-room) the only picture visible upon its walls, a picture hung, too, in the place of honour over the mantel-piece, was a portrait, not of Wellington, but of Wellington's glorious antagonist. An engraving ft om Paul de la Roche's exquisite sidelong portraiture of Napo leon, the King and Emperor. As the other' principal decoration of the soldier -author's salle -a-manger, there was displayed a noble trophy of arms upon the waste of wall opposite the windows of the apartment —sabres and muskets disposed in grim geometric arrangement, having as its cen tral feature (a gracious and grateful gt from the Sove reign, to be thencef or th treasured in the if family of its reci pient as a priceless heirloom) the heraldic banner borne by the hand of General Sir William Francis Patrick Napier in the ever-memorable pageant of the great Duke's fune - ral, In St. Paul's Cathedral." "Minor contains some criticisms onsmall hich is worth perusal, - as poems Minstrelsy" it exhibits for the most part an impar tial spirit, an d displays good taste and However, many readers may ques i'dlty of the statement that it requires a much smaller .stock of industry , talent , an d t a i p o p n re t c h i e at v lo ai n general knowledge to write two-thirds of the novels, tales, sermons, reviews, and books . of travel, that make their yearly appeals to public sym pa.thy, than to write an average volume of the poetry that reviewers care to notice very briefly, or in the lump." "Mina, a Modern Patriot," is another of those sketches that have before appeared of historical celebrities, not often thought of per haps, but who are, nevertheless, worthy of being ' brought prominently forward. Espozy Mina is described as one of thoso who w on enduring repu ' tation by their exploits as guerilla leaders. His . exciting and eventful career presents us with some very entertaining pages. " The Prince's Drives" is a peculiar poem, called " A Legend of the Bouddha,". ft is written in a graceful style, and some of the lines are very elegantly expressed. There is a pleasing description of the garden qty Loumbini, and the author exclaims at last, in admir ing ecstasy " Tell me in sooth, If ye would not dream the dream, If ye would not be, By the forest cooled and splintered light, By the silver moon of the Indian night ; Where Himalaya's shadows fall Upon the valleys of Nepaul." There is a paper on " China," which discusses some important questions relating to that empire, truly observing that it will not do to say that " China in this country means tea and cotton," but it means one fourth of the human race. There is another article on "Essays and Reviews," which is ar ranged with the same skill, and animated with the same spirit as the former one, which appeared last month in this magazine, and which reflected great credit on its authors, alike from its decision and moderation. " The Morality of Garbled Blue Books" refers to a question that recently engaged the attention of Parliament, and the system is here denounced in the strongest terms. A few pages are devoted to the works of "William Cardwell Roscoe," that have been published since his death. A high opinion is expressed of their merits, mingled with regret that he had not more time for the maturity of his powers. Fraser's Magazine. The attention of the reader of Fraser will this month be at once arrested by the opening essay, both because it treats of a subject of considerable importance, and also because he may conjecture that the pen which indited it is not altogether strange to him, but is wielded by one who has often en riched the pages of this magazine, and who has, perhaps, unusual opportunities for forming a sound opinion on public men and things. The subject dis cussed is the " Conduct of Business in Parliament." The writer boldly accepts the fact that the close of each session leaves an ever accumulating amount of unfinished work, and that as there is a continual increase of public business there is no immediate prospect of improvement. Various remedies have been suggested for this state of things, from the common suggestion of restricting the length of the debates, to Lord Derby's proposal of taking up a bill at the beginning of a session at the stage at which it had been left the year preceding. With the complaint as to the extent of the speeches the Writer does not altogether coincide. He says, sen sibly enough, that these discussions clear a subject, dispose of many arguments, give different views a fair hearing, and bring out all the important points of a question. With regard to the length of indi vidual speeches, he observes, with truth, that the longest ones are generally those spoken by eminent men, and are of value in elucidating the subject. Without therefore denying that in many instances the long debates might be curtailed with ad- vantage, the writer does not look to mere restric tion of speech as the solution of the problem, and, in truth, it is difficult to see how such a restriction could be made available without seriously interfering with that liberty of discussion, and that right to the expression of individual opinion, which are the very foundations of our Parliamentary inde pendence. We have not space to follow the writer through all his able and sensible essay, in which he displays the moderation and calmness of one fami liar with his subject, and thoroughly aware of the difficulties attending the practical application of universal cures. A good deal of quiet humour, too, runs through his pages. Here is his description of A BILL. "All the most deadly things have an innocent or insigni ficant look about them. What harmfulness would a savage discern in a little heap of black dust which yet would suf fice to blow his whole tribe to perdition ? A few drops of some pearly, harmless. looking liquid are potent enough to stop at once the vital force o f the strongest human being. And when you look at a bill in Parliament, it does not to the uninitiated manifest its terrors. You have a mass of bluish paper with a telling title (which, however, often explains nothing), and a name or two on the back of it. Yet that innocuous-looking thing may be full of mischief —most probably is so. Dr. Johnson said something like the following of one of Pope's lines, which the Doctor was asked to explain Ido not know, sir, what it means; but it was intended to annoy somebody.' So of a bill; you may not make out very clearly what it will do ; but it is sure to be the means of annoying somebody. There is, how ever, one good to be predicted' of any bill, that it may stop the way of some other bill ; and if there be a sufficient crowd of bills, not one of them will be able to move a step How beautifully thus does nature provide against any ex tremity of evil." In another place he observes, that the history of a bill would prove a most interesting story, not infe rior to the adventures of a hero of romance, if we could trace its white days, its dark days, its struggles and misadventures, the firmness of its friends, the constancy of its enemies, and the final chapter of accidents, which carried it triumphantly through Parliament, and transformed it into law. We have afterwards a likeness of A PARLIAMENTARY BORE. "The Parliamentary . bore is generally a person without anything like method in his mind, who has no system to go upon, and no definite plan of procedure. He pecks at an estimate. He dislocates a bill. O n a supp l y d ay h e barks the bark of a foolish dog at the wrong person. He asks a question, at a most unfitting time, upon some sub ject respecting which all prudent men would be glad to avoid any discussion whatever. If he calls for a return, and if, by chance, the matter in question is worthy of hav ing a return made about it, the terms which he uses to de scribe what he wants are so vague and so extensive, that the return, when made, will generally be found to have produced nothing but a loss of public time. " The Parliamentary bore, when he comes from his study into his drawing-room, feels a complacent sort of pity, as he a - serves his daughter practising the polka or doing crochet-work. He thinks what a waste of time those feminine occupations are I And, all the while, he carries in his pocket (as he is just going down in a great hurry to the house) a foolish bill, or an inapt amendment, or a mo.• tion for an impossible return, or a draft of an irrational question with which ho is about to molest some unfortu nate Minister. In fact, he is hurrying to waste a nation's time, and to weary out the patience of all the people who" will, hereafter, have to deal with his bungling work. 011 that ho would but remain at home, and practise the polka with his daughter Or, if,that be too undignified, that he would sit down,quietly and spend some hours in learning the mysteries of crochet-work—thus, for one eveninr at, least, preserving th e na ti on f rom th e l u di crous mischief which he will probably effect, if he allows himself to go to the house with that fatal paper in his pocket." Mr. Whyte Melville continues his story of " Good for Nothing," and exhibits the old picture of" Cross Purposes" in a new form. The tale of " Ida Con way,' also proceeds, and the heroine begins to pia our respect, though the story is somewhat tedious. The pleasant essayist, A. K. H. 8., gives us his re flections " Concerning Things Slowly Learnt," jo his old discursive style ; professing to pride himself on his ability, to say a very little in a good many., words. It is at least a satisfaction to his readers 1 1 they share his opinion, that he says it so pleasantly, combining humour and refinement, and although keen enough to detect the little foibles and meannesses 'of his neighbours, quite ready to regard them with genial pity and kind ness. Those who have been recently lamenting the universal enemy, that wind from the east whiel i man is and beast," the old rhyme " t ß e a ll d s f u or a may find some consolation in studying the lavis which are supposed to influence their tormentor. . A brief paper on " The May East Winds,v giv es an interesting account of the causes which it 10 conjectured may regulate our spring weather. i t " review of a work entitled " Soldiers and their Science," which bears .a melancholy interest frogs the fact of its having been the production of 0 , 0 late lamented Captain Brab azon , contains much interesting matter. It sums up the chief charac teristics of the great military leaders of history, from Epaminondas to Napoleon. A thoughtf!l paper on " The Individual and the Crowd" will repay perusal. The author maintains that grea t men are what their age has made them, and that they are merely not its leaders ; that t h t e he exponen ts prevailing feeling 'or r s s p e meat must find a mouthpiece for its expressio n America, he says , w ould have b een discovered w it h o u t Columbus, and the Reformation would ha ve taken place without Luther. Yet, though the!'" is doubtless some truth in his views, he carve s . his theory to the extreme, since all such grea t minds have left their impress on their age; th e y have often anticipated its convictions, they ha lro awakened it to a sense of its w an ts, and hal e moulded or influenced its expression. Howev er much they may have been hampered by the be glec t that or n the o prejudices g ial o n fth m e i i n r a t time, , passedwe m away sure w leaving the world as he found it; but though the science he explored was looked on with indite'' rence, and the truths he enunciated rega_ridvel with suspicion, yet his life and his influence _ and worked after him, preparing the way for better and clearer day. There are also pap ers o, oa T Ch ur r k on ey icle an o d f C P U ) eventful record. r la r n en d t ; Hanidstoaryc,onwthinieuhatTon ne r vy. the Bentley's Miscellany. We have already noticed, at length, the edit o6/ brilliant romance, which occupies a considerable portion of the magazine. •-The best of the ot her stories is the continuation of Dudley Costello of the adventures of " Lorn Loriot," which proceedo with spirit. " Ouida" has deserted English coull: try houses and ball-rooms for Parisian steamers an faubourgs. His story is . entirely of a differe nt character this month, and is consequently refreshint from its novelty. It tells an amusing tale of tb adventures of a hapless Englishman who was raj!: taken for a runaway debtor, and pounced upon 13 ; a set of indignant tradesmen and cheating nlo° 6 1; lenders, headed by a fair French coquette, s v to . 's historl claimed seven thousand francs lost to her at ecar Those who have really involved themselves ill si t e lar diffi cu lties may learn how to avoid som e of, Of dan ge rous class of liabilities, known as debts o a honour, by studying a very clever pounded " The. Science of Card-sharping." It is o, on M, 11011thiff3 Work, ;pal exposed the ing ii matic It is 1 the s] natut after Soo: one pict vari and spiri refez Thai claim Foul sati: TI the ] artic it, fa cony Cent his i cond story for A com Sig ter rot son an( ni,