The Sun. — London, England, 1827-10-01 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF TILE -PUBLIC JOIAINALS. The reception experienced bythe Duke of Wel a:uagton on his Grace's tour through the northern counties, is equally gratifying and instructive. Every where the most splendid and costly efforts have been made to greet the presence of this celebrated soldier ; every where his arrival pro duces the most flattering popular excitement ; the most respectful forms of preparation' give way, when he appears, to the utmost 'eagerness of assiduous attention; and had the greatest of his military triumphs been achieved within the last fortnight, the curiosity to see and the readiness to admire the warrior whose skill had gained it, could not have exhibited a more vivid and ani- ; mating freshness. Me n o f a ll p ar ti es w h o f ee l for their country's character, will rejoice at this, because it proves that unquestionable and distin guished.public services do not fail to meet . their just reward in the grateful applauses of the people of England; and because, as the Duke of Wel lington himself very truly stated in his speech acknowledging one of the late honours bestowed upon him, 'such a national return must of neces sity stimulate to future exertion, both the intli vidual who is immediately affected 'by it, and others who-may follow after bins. If, however, j all parties are unanimous in assuming to the jus tice of a public homage like that which has been rendered to the Commander-in-Chief during his excursion; there are some whis do not seem quite satisfied unless they can turn it to a malignant account.. The world will hear without surprise, because it furnishes but another instance of qte. extravagancies which may be looked for, whn folly - is acted on by despair, that the newspapers of the expelled and spurned faction have ventured to describe the honours paid to the Duke of Wellington as a tribute offered to the* the Tories ! and an index" that this is really not an English, but an Apostolical current which floats his Grace along so gallantly. Nevertheless, these men might have recollected their own eOnsternas tion, and that of their employers, a few weeks ago, when they learnt that the illustrious Duke had re accepted the command ,of the army. They might have remembered, for others have not for gotten, the gross abuse which was lavished on his Grace by near confidants and connexions of Mr. Peel, for having finally deserted the Tory junta, and, left the ' whole gang to their fate. When they talk of the festivities prepared for the Duke of Wellington, at York especially, and its neighbourhood, as• triumphs to the Tory inte rest, and symptonts of an adverse nature to the King's Government, lot us' ask them, do they know any thing about the politics of York ? Did they never hear that York, unhappily fOr them, is a Whig city, with an eminently Whig Corporation? And, from such a quarter have they the modesty to talk of compliments to a great conquering , warrior being .rendered to him because he is a Tory i's We certainly have never thought of contending that the 'well-merited honours which the Duke has reaped , from his countrymen were a triumph on behalf Of liberal feelings—or of 'Whig Politics—or Of the Mini sters—or of the King himself—or any triumph but that of English - e!'s illustrating its - min i sense of nation a l .a i oral ligation, by repay ing, so fars as it hadl be in s, a debt long due to a valiant and diStingstished fellow-citizen. We find, in consequence, loud praise employed . by those who delivered the several addresses, in paintin and acknowl e di ng the m ili tary se r v i c e s of the Duke of Wellington—his prudence, firin ness, activity, dexterity, and resolution, on which all mankind are agreed ; but not a single word of panegyric can we find upon 'his Grace's sup posed hostility to Catholic Emancipation —upon his sentiinents in regarcl' to', the Corn Bill— on his once-taken-for-granted connexion with the politics of Eldon and' Teel, and those other mighty - personages, the Lords Melville, West morland, and Bathurst. Ira boon to the Tories, in his Grace's person, had been intended by the acute arid consistent 'people 'of the North, it is probable that they wouldirave taken care to specify' those principles - and merits ichich they re a lly - deSigned to honou r ; th e y , would hive said " Accept the freedom of our. , .. cities, and the hom age o f our aomirati on, not only for being a great and gallant soldier, but for being a persecutor of the. Catholics like Lord Eldon, and a profound political economist like the Lord of Westmoreland, and a hater of Mr. Can ning's reputation like Mr. Peel,"—for qualities like ' these it' is - which embiace the wholeeatA.• logue of modern Tory virtue's. 'There is, alas for the faction; none of all that we have stated. The military exploits are dwelt upon as they ought to be; the political errors of the Duke's. assumed Toryism are courteously and consi derately suppressed ; and, if a political compli ment was meditated on either side of the queS tion, it must assuredly have been to the Duke as an 'actual member of his Majesty's existing Government in one 'of its very highest and most important branches, and as a repudiator, not la colleague, of the Tories.' If the factious jour nalists want to ascertain how much of the late northern attentions to the Duke have been ten dered to [inn for the sake of his assumed politi4, let them prevail on Lord Bathurst or . Mr. Pee!, or the ex-Chancellor, to make the same tour as the Duke of Wellington, and 'see what addressee they will receive, "and 'from what description of people; and on what public . grounds. The Toryism of these ex-functionaries is, we believe, , quite,asStanch as the Duke's, 'and,' of course, is well worthy of cclebratiOn. But the fact We take, to be,. that had his Grace remained till now on his former imputed terms of political fami liarity with the ousted faction, the enthusiastic shouts and cordial festivities which awaited him m i g ht not' so frequently have caught his ear, or retarded the celerity of his progress.— Times. The state of the Metropolitan prisons is such, that it would seem the Middlesex Justices, un der whose especial and wise surveillance some of them are, are exceedingly desiroui to conceal, as far as possible, the evils which they themselves ought to cure;from common gaze. An attempt was made a few years since to prevent Grand Juries from exercising their undoubted right of visiting these receptacles of crime and misery. We say their " undoubted right," for the law having recognized their presentment as the only constitutional ground upon which prisons can be altered or enlarged, it follows, that to enable them to make such presentments they should have free ingress and egress to and from the - place s they are thus called to pronounce upon. "those whose object it was to keep them out of ' the p r i sons little themisgOvernment of which reflect ed so credit upon those who had the charge of them, h a have sin ce useid ng been , driven from that point, their endeavours to render their visits unavai ling , Juries have and by a mockery of this right, been graciously permitted, after their other duties h ave ended, not i n fact, d ed and they were in effect, places which it discharged,w to see.a s a f avour those as both their right and their intinutery, in duty to view, and to view hose spitewhoclaio claim the and in fact as viceroy over sole and exclusive management of them. As long as those visits were confined to mere curio sity, and Grand juries would . condescend to record some common-place encomiums in the visiters' book, the thing ,went on very pleasantly, and the worthy Chairman, who, like other su perannuated people, hates trouble, bowed an ac quiescence to any request made to him by successive Grand Juries for that .purpose. But . Mr. Peel's Jury Act, it seems, has broke through the hackneyed routine of the Jury lists, and having brought to that iMportant office persons, hitherto 'unaccustomed to its duties, some of them forsooth, have been so indiscreet as to demand, not only permission to view the prisons, but' have actually ventured to offer their opinion, in the shape of a presentment to the Court, upon the subject. The worthy Chair man seems to have been quite horrified at the idea; and, though he has doubtless heard of " wretches being hanged that jurymen may dine," has no idea "of Justices' dinners being broken in. upon by these new freaks of Jurymen; and therefore, the other day, when the Jury came in a body - to make their presentment, they were gravely told by his Worship that they could not. be permitted to do any such thing. " Gentle, men," says the .worthy Chairman, " you are no longer a Jury ; you were discharged from your duties before you went to see the prisons, and Therefert we can hear nothing you have to say ; but if you wish to record your opinions, you may do so in a book you will find there." Thus is one of the most ancient and whole Some provi sions of our old laws frittered away, and gaols become receptacles of • abuse, for want of that degree and kind of superintendence which our ancestors wisely looked upon as most essential to, preserve them frosn abuse. These facts, added to those recently brought to light by the Reports of the Prison Discipline Society, must convince Parliament and the country that, as far as the Metropolis is concerned, the superin tendence of prisons ought to be in better hands than they are. The Visiting Justices, as they are called, are of very little use, and the preven tion of Grand Jurors from reporting the conse quences of their neglect makes the matter ten times worse. The very quibbling and conceal ment resorted to upon the occasion show that there is " something rotten" in the affair. If. we are wrong, let the Chairman of the Sessions ifttfure invite the Grand Jury, as it is his duty to do, to visit the gaols, and court, on their parts, the fullest investigation of them.—Morn ing Herald. Sir Arthur Brooke Faulkner, in his Notes and Recollections on a Visit to Paris, observes, that " The attempts of Government to trammel :the educa tion of the rising generation is the more inexcusable and unaccountable, as it has been clearly ascertained, that the quantity of crime is invariably less where knowledge is most - universal ; and what one would suppose no Govern ment would be likely to overlook for their own sakes—the taxes are much more cheerfully paid. As a remarkable instance the department of the Correze exhibits a greater amount of foul crimes than either the Creuze or the Haute Vienne ; and it is well known that, since the Revolution, Omitting the fatal crisis of 1790 and 1794, crimes have not only been much less frequent, but that comfort and security have prevailed every where, just in proportion as education ha en more diffused. An English Gentleman, sometime r and well acquainted with the existing asantry, assures me their in dustry an y exemplary, and that they are, upon th 4 er off than the correspondent classes in .n rd;- and, as to morals, with wine almost for nothing, there is hardly an instance of intoxication or intemperance to be met with; but, on the contrary, they are, almost without exception, orderly, kind, cheerful, in dnatrious' and contented."—pp. 81, 82. A Monsieur Marie, a friend of Sir Arthur's, gives his testimony_ to_ the_ great moral i _mprove ment which has taken place in France of late years, but concludes with observing, « Yet the Priests, and particularly the Jesuits, are anxious to spread the opinion that, the education of the lower classes, so far from a benefit, has been sub versive of morality ; but this anxiety is fully ex plained, when it is considered how much less easy, in consequence of education, the people are to be duped by their: . superstitithis awe of these unprineipled beggars, than they were in times . past."—pp. 54, 55., It is. gratifying to hear such flattering accounts of the improvement of our neighbours, more 'especially as the cause which has produced such beneficial results among them may also be expected to produce the same results elsewhere. That the Priests should view the education of the lower orders with an evil eye, is quite natural ; for whoever lives by imposition would rather have to do with ignorant than with well-informed people. Hol berg, in his delightful Autobiography, mentions that while he was on board a vessel in the Mediterranean (the period is abont a century back), : a storm arose, when several monks pro posed a collection for the benefit of our Lady of some religious place in sight. The Spaniards and Italian passengers at once agreed, but the French added a condition, that if a calm did not take place immediately, the money should be re turned ; on which the Priest, who saw that the French were not to be duped, observed, that that nation had lost all religion. Religion, with them, was what they could draw from the people in its name. If the Priests draw less from the people in consequence of any. change, they very natu rally complain of the decay of religion ; for what is it to them if the people are improved in their .„ it circumstances, their own circumstances are de. teriorated by that improvement ? It is stated in these accounts of France, that crime i s always greatest where there is most poverty and igno rance. This leads us to advert to a proposi tion which the lawyers in England have always laboured hard to produce a belief in, that the abundance of crime is. the tribute which superior wealth must be contented to pay. In vain our French neighbours told us things were differently. ordered ,with them , ,—in their wealthy depart ments crime is least frequent ; in the flourishing department du Nord, for instance, there is less crime than in the departments of ci-devant Dauphine. The theory of our Lawyers has, however, received a shock from the astonishing increase of crime 'in our. agricultural districts, confessedly the consequence of poverty. We suspect the key to the Theory of our Lawyers, like the key to the hatred of the Priests to educa tion, will be found in the interests of their trade. Religion with the Priests means,- what enables them to extract the.most money from the people ; .Law with the Lawyers means the subjecting property to the heaviest possible taxes for their benefit, and as . the means, judicial proceedings, are adopted not for the repression, but the en couragement of crime, it is natural that where there - is most property there should be most crime. The following account of the object of the . judicial procedure of England, from . The London Magazine for October, is from the hand of a master " There is this broad difference between the French and the English law ; that the French law has been made for the people !Ind the English for the lawyers. The French look to the protection of society as the end ; the English have allowed. the protection of society to become only a pretence, and the profit of the lawyers to become the sub- . stantial object. We see men pursuing foxes in England at a vast expellee. Is any one stupid enough to suppose that the destruction of Foxes is their phrpoSe Do they ride over the farmer's land, and damage his fences, to rid him of a noxious animal ? No; , they breed foxes for the amuse ment of chasing them; just as lawyers increase and multiply thieves for the profit of the prosecution. The conviction of the thief is as little...the. object of the lawyer as the destruc tion of the fox is that of the spike. The squire has him in a hag, and might kill him on the spot; but then there would be no sport. He, therefore, gives the crafty rogue an opportunity of escape in a start appropriately called larb. The lawyers have done the same by the foxes of society. Their end not being the detection Of the criminal, bit the Profit of puhiiing Win; they have contrived to favour him with manifold advantages. The squire calls it unsports manlike and ungentlemanly to refuse the chances of escape to game; to kill a hare squatting in her form, or a bird sitting : the lawyer, less ingenious in hit language, calls it inhuman to deny the thief his shifts. The reason is evident : the lawyer wants the chase, society needs the detection. To the lawyer the result is indifferent, provided briefs ate delivered and fees paid. The escape of the thief is the escape of his customer; it is consequently perfectly natural that he should favour it under every decent pretence. It is, therefore, by no means surprising or absurd in him to call the detection of a thief by certain means ft:Au/ruin ; but it is strange that society, which has an opposite interest, should have sub scribed to his dogma. What does society desire but the detection of the criminal ? What other end is proposed by it, whatever other end may be proposed by the lawyer? and why not attain the end by the simplest, the readiest, and the directest Mean ? If we can make a rogue convict himself, in the name of justice let us do so. What de we want but his detection? and as be is a rogue, what is his due but the merited punishment? All the humanity Which he has a right to appeal to, is to be found in a just . sentence. We have a senseless habit of ac counting mercy superior to justice—it i s superior t o injustice ; but the idea of justice contains every conceivable perfection ; and the mercy which sets aside real justice is treason to society; the worst injury to the common safety. Had justice al ways ruled the world, the name of mercy would have been unknown among men. Had justice always appeared in the history of the heavens themselves, the name of mercy would not have filled our prayers. The plausible clap trap of -‘ tempering.justice with. mercy' is stark nonsense —nonsense in its very terms. Consider the grand force of the word just, and the absurdity appears at once. But justice is not always just--true ; formal justice, or Eng lish justice, is a justice made with the caprice of woman's caps, as the fit takes the legislator or the judge, or as the fashion of banging or sparing chances to prevail." If this be a correct account of the object which the English Lawyers have had in view in framing their procedure—and obtuse must that understanding be which does not perceive that they could have"bad no other—we can easily see why the increase of crime should be commensurate with the increase of wealth. By multiplying the facilities for escape, the Lawyers can always keep the number of conveyancers at the highest amount the property will bear. As the property increases, so, therefore, under their careful cultivation, will the number of thieves increase. If in a fine wheat district'the-destruction of the hares were to be left to the farmers, we may be sure that the more valuable the crop, the harder would it go with the poor hares. But if the power of life and death in the case of the hares were to be taken from the farmers, who have an interest in the preservation of them, and committed to a set of men, who derived all their profits from the hares, then we should see the hares carefully increased as the ,wheat was increased. The people of England begin to see through several things, which used to be mysterious to them. How long they will sußt.6 diemselves to be fleeced and laughed at by the Lawyers; after their eyes are ' opened, it is not for us to ,say.--Morning Chronicle. We give in this day's New Times one of the most important documents which has been pub lished by Parliament for many years—the Re port of the Emigration Committee. Our readers will recollect that although three Reports from this Committee have already made their. appear ance, the first was limited to the exposition of the principles. which, _ from, a general review -Cl' the objects of its labours, the Committee had. been able to arrive at, and that the second and third were directed to. specific cases, so that the one 'which we give to-day is truly and prOperly the first general Report which the Committee has made. It is almost unnecessary to.olsserve, that though nominally the work of a Committee, and though published with their sanction and approbation, this, like all similar documents, must be considered as substantially proceeding from one hand. Mr. Wilmot Horton; the Chairnian of the Committee, is, therefore, fully entitled, if not to all, at least to the largest share of the praise which, on a careful perusal, we do not doubt that it will receive from every candid and unprejudiced mind. It is drawn up in a plain, perspicuous, and strictly methodical style ; its arguments are simple and conclusive, and it is distinguished throughout by a rigid abstinence from all views,that are in their nature theoretical, and by a sound and common sense attachment to fact and practice. This is, we conceive, the highest merit that can attach to such a production. Of its Right Hon. Author it is only Common jus tice to say, that by his lab Ours on the subject of Emiration, " he has deserved well of his coun try ;' and, should Government enter into the plans which, are laid down in the Report, and should such a measure of success as is fairly and legitimately anticipated, follow their adoption, Mr. Wilmot Horton's name bids fair to occupy as high and honourable a station in the historical record of those, who, by works of permanent utility, hazy benefitted their fellow -citizens, as any name of modern times. The points to which the Committee had to direct their attention were three in number ; namely, to ascertain in the first place the actual condition of the labouring poor of the United Kingdom, and how far their distress admitted of required extraordinary means of cure ; in the second place to consider whether, in a judicious plan of Emigration, such means were to be found ; and lastly, to lay down rules for the practical application of the remedy to th e ,The political divisions of th e U n i te d n aturally distributed the fir s t o bj ect o f disease. Empire the Committees inquiry into three parts ; Ist ; 'the state 'of the poor in Ireland ; 2 d , the state of ' prop r i e t y o f the poor in England ; 3 d , the stateof the poor . in Scotland. Under the :third' head o f i nqu i ry pecuniarythe Committee a d:anhcaeds tfo(in.discusspurposesthe of facili tating Emigration, and: the method in which such advances ought to be made—nam e l y , b y a Government Board. The Report concludes, very properly, by drawing the line of distinction be tween Emigration and Colonization, and, w h at i s yet more essential, between regulated and 'unre gulated emigration, and by pointing'out the de cided advantages to be derived to the Colonies and to the Mother Country from regulated emi gration. In the notice which our limited space allows us to take of each of these particulars, we must confine ourselves to a very brief analysis.- It is to the condition of Ireland that the inquiry concerning the poor has been mainly directed; and very naturally ; for not only is their condi tion immeasurably worse - than that of their brethren in 'Great Britain ; but it threatens, at no distant period, to bring down the latter to its Own miserable level. In. fact, emigration, so far as respects Ireland, no longer admits.of discus sion ; it has happily begun, anal is rapidly gressipg. One of th e w itnesses, who had pro, d had every opportunity of indging; 'stated 'to the Com mittee, that subscriptions had actually been entered into for renio'ciing jaan'pati Ciotti Ireland to England, .in small bands of about forty each, to avoid exciting jealousy. The point to which these pauper emigrants are chiefly directed is Mariehester. • The influx of similar bands into the West of 800tlatia has long been a matter of commcfn notoriety, and our readers cannot have forgotten the lamentable and ludicrous strain in which the arrival of those famished legions was described by ' . stnne of the Northern Journalists. In regard to ireland, therefore, the inquiry is not so much shall emigration be applied to her die tresses,but shall emigration,so applied,bepermitted in its operation to aggravate those ofherneighbours in Scotland and England. We are no longer called on to deliberate oh the propriety of drawing off the superfluity of her poor, but on the direc tion of the channel by which the drain is to be made. The present cottier system, so unhappily prevalent in - Ireland, is one, without. a gradual abandonment of which, it is evident no plan for her welfare can permanently succeed. But pre cisely because it has generated, and is calculated to generate; a redundant population, is the return to a sounder - policy difficult. If the smaller I tenantry. be . driven from' their mud cabina and potatee patches, they 'have no resource but to starve or steal, _ or come to England; and it would not be easy to choose which of . the three was most to 'be deprecated. Before, therefore, large fauns can be re-introduced, without leading to misery infinitely greater, though shorter lived, than that which they are intended to cure, we must provide an issue for the laboOr which the coalescing of a dozen of farins into One would disengage, and whiCh Great Britain, in' its present state, is nearly as incapable of absorbing as Ire land. Indeed, by promoting the cottier system, the landed gentlemen of Ireland have thrown up 'a nlound, within which the misery andpoverty of their countrymen have *so accumulated, that any attempt to pull it down before channels for their direction,and reservoirs to receive them, have been dug, would terminate in the destruction of the whole of the surrounding country. We have said that Ireland formed the leading subject of the Com mittee'senquiry ; but it must be allowed, at the same time, that the distress in many of the. districts of England and Scotland is not much inferior to what is 'felt in the Sister Island. And, accordingly, it is the opinion of some of the witnesses, that emigration should begin rather from Scotland than Ireland, because by the application of such a remedy to the former country, its pristine sta tion, from which it has not fallen long nor far, might be easily recovered, whereas in the latter the deterioration of the people is confirmed, and thOugh their condition is not likely to grow better, neither is it likely to be worse from delay. Among the witnesses examined by the Commit tee was the learned and excellent author of the Essay on Population, one of . the, few sterling . works .of its age. He was. particularly ques tioned- in respect to the injurious effects which Would flow from the continued emigration of la bourers frorri Ireland to Britain, and he,stated decidedly that this - emigrationwould tend mate rially to alter and to lower the habits of the ErigL glish and Seottish labotirers, and by leading them gradually to the use of food of an inferior qua lity, would at length reduce them and the.coun try to the same state - .of beggary, wretchedness, and insecurity, that has so long existed , in Ire land. The ComMittee, with the most perfect prOpriety; dwell on this testimony, on which the high character of the witness stamps peculiar im portance. The opinion of Mr. Malthug, another important point, was sought, and it is equally decisive. It has been said, why expend money in liroviclin a pasiage for,yOur superiln ous labourers,ivhile there are waste lands enough, and to spare, on which to locatelhem at home, and 'Since, by such location, the cost- of transport- may Tae saved ? We shall not enter into a discussion on the principles of the economist's plan, which tends, in fact, directly to aggravate the sufferings of the community, instead of relieving them, but content ourselves, as the Committee does, by an appeal to testimony,, which carries with it Infi nitely greater weight than ours. Mr. Malthus is of opinion that the cultivation of poor lands at home, undertaken merely for the purpose of em ploying the poor, would end necessarily in failure. There is another truth connected with this sub ject, of which the public are _not fully . aware—it was admitted in the Committee that the expence of locating the . poor on waste lands would be greater than the expence of 'transporting them to a foreign country. With respect to the funds `for emigration, the prevailing opinion of all the witnesses examined seems . to hare been, that they ought to be raised by mortgage of the poors' rates, under Mr. Sturges Bourne's Act ; and Mr. Malthus was inclined to think that were there any vacuum in that way, it ought to be filled up from the taxes of the country., :The particular examination of, the question of Emi gration is introduced by afew general remarks on the nature of labour and of the - laws by which the.price of labour is regulated, which, although on such a topic any thing like novelty was not to be expected, have the merit of showing, in a very concise and forcible manner, the absurdity of a doctrine, by which the weavers of Bethnal green particularly have been led astray ; we allude to their opinions in respect to the. ixing of a mi-. nimion of wages for labour. The report very • justly observes, that Ibr the workman to demand from his master a higher rate of wages than the. market rate is not less unreasonable than it would be for the master to demand le bour from the workman at a, lower rate than that of the market. And since the market for labour, like that of all other things, may he at one time over abundantly, and at another not sufficiently supplied, it follows of course, according to - every -..1 principle of common sense, that the price of 10 bour, like the price of other things, must vary.. ) This among ' This is a fact of which the most ignorant the poor are fully aware in certain descriptions of labour. No man above idiotism talks'of a )ninimunt of wages in reaping or in any kind of casual labour,-, end why a distinction should be attempted in respect of others of a more perma nent kind .it is impossible to see. There is a general argument against Emigration, which is incidentally discussed. by the Committee, and which may as well be noticed • here. It' is .said that cheapness of labour is the only thing which , enables the merchant of England to compete with the merchant on the Continent, and that to tax the English merchant in order to send a part of his labourers abroad, is, in reality, to tax him in order to lh,:i d Giabo e tot ti uvb i er v yer e rwsb h he i m m o. of the tools by which he )c i pi . 8 0(0.0 v e su.n. rda th e bri ve cl ys to pay taxes. But there is a fallacy here which ' requires very little attention to dis sTtitntes . a real tax must h a. et 'this n b o e m . pricec is lothed of ;anitd cfo.e l n a dz. must ultimately fall on as the m.''u consumer.h as I N bo o s w e im othreenunent, and, like the latter, one labourer in five WithdraWn, for whom a sup- P c ° c s o in rd g ing to and who was, hypothesis, there was no Work, therefore, paid for nothing, the wages of the f our remaining labourers wou ld b e augmented 25 per cent. ; yet the merchant, or manufacturer, - or - farmer;" as. the case might be, , would not pay a farthing more than he did before the superfluous labour was removed. We are ,not speaking here of the immense benefit to accrue to society generally from possessing a ddcent, educated, well paid set of labourers, be cause that is a point which it is impossible to dispute. We have dwelt so long on the preli minary matter of this interesting Report, that we can advert but sparinglyto the other topics which it discusses. The expence of locating a family, consisting of five persons, in Canada, has been calculated at 601. and consequently the locating of 19,000 families, or about 100,000 indivi duals, would require 1,140,000/., which sum, at five per cent., that is, allowing 1 per cent for a sinking fund; would cause a charge on the con solidated • fund of 57,0001. per annum. A scheme is given in the report, from which it appears very clearly that this would not lie a permanent charge, and that the repayment of every farthing so expended might be confidently calculated on ; but even were a portion of the expense only to be recovered, or if none were recovered at all, we do not think that, in that extreme case, the great good which must neces sarily ensue from adopting the plan of the coin- mittee could be deemed too clearly purchased. It is necessary to notice that the sum" of 60/. was proved to be amply sufficient for locatinc , family, by the evidence of no less than ten iit'idi viduals, all of them capable, from local informa tion, of speaking with the utmost certainty on that point, and that the calculated repayment is made to depend on conditions which it is hardly possible that any emigrant should feel it a burden to, fulfil. The same witnesses were examined on this as on the former point, and they were equally unanimous, and on the . whole of the questionsrespecting the repayment of the advances for location, which were put by the Committee with much minuteness of detail, the answers were equally satisfactory. But we must conclude thiS long though imperfect notice. The appointment of a small Board is what reason as well as the recommendation of the Committee7calls for. Whether the plan proposed for paying the ex::: pence's attendant on it be the best possible, may; we think, be doubted. We can, indeed, see no possible difference between allowing the emigrant 601. and charging him 1/. for.a ticket, and allow= ing him 591. and giving him the ticket for no thing. If it require 60/. to locate a family, that sum must be given clear of any deduction. This, however, is a matter of detail, which :admits ,of very eas y mittee the a ,a rr m an e g o e f m t e h t e it. Re W v. e xh. l . ia l e alt m h e u t s it . io w ned e . am " dind w ii e ttti r eo i n examined rteoe by the Corn= quay cl o n e s i g , a c y e t , t h h t o il s t e e , received mostvery v i a m lu sp a o b i l t e evi.. ant information from various other gentlemen, among whom we notice the Lord Bishop of Chester, Lieutenant-General Robert Browne, Dr. WilliaM Murphy, Dr. John Strachan, Mr. Spring Rice, Sir H. Parnell, the Hon. E. G. Stanley, Mr. S. M'Gillivray, and Mr. Powles. We make no apology to our readers for the ex clusion of a few of the common topics of the day in order to obtain . ' space for laying before them, in one continuous narrative, the whole of this valuable document. We are persuaded that they . will understand it more clearly in all its bearings, and be-- more gratified as well as in structed by the perusal, when presented in that shape, than if we had spread it over three or four successive numbers of our Journal.--New Times. •-• t <~~" -' - . • ' - ** "~~ ~~ POLICE INTELLIGENCE. BOW-STREET.—An affair of rather an extraordinary nature was the subject of investigation on Saturday at this office. • A l young 'man, of rather prepossessingt appearance,-ap plied to Mr. Muslim, on Thursday last, stating that lie had reason to believe his parents were persons of rank and fortune, although for some reason, unaecountable to him, he had been brought up in comparative obscurity. MINSMU L . L told the young man to relate his history. The applicant proceeded accordingly to relate the fok lowing strange and rather romantic story:—He was now, he said, in the,2,4cl year of his age, and the -name he had gone by was George Hahn, having been brought up by a woman of that • name, who was housekeeper to a barrister in the Temple, And upon whom lie had always looked as mnther, until, owing to . a luarrel between them a few years . OgO, Mrs. Helm, for the first time, declared that he was not, her, son, adding, " You shall not stop with me unless you behave yourself better ; you may go to your own mother, for, I. tell you, you are no child of mine." The • applicant was thunderstruck at this in telligence, and implored Mrs. 'Helm, if not his mother, to let him know who was. after much solicitation, lie drew from her the following parti culars. In the year )804; she said that she learned that A surgeon named Bradford, who at that time resided in Hertford-street, Fitzroy-square, was in want of a nurse to take charge of a new-horn infant, for the care of which the sum of 704 would be given, besides an annual sum for its maintenance. On applying to Mr. Bradford to be allowed to take the infant on the terms proposed, she was directed to call at a late hour on the succeeding evening, when the child would be delivered to her care. Feeling some sus picion that all was not right, she told the Doctor that she ehould not take charge of the infant unless the mother was present, from whose bands only she consented to receive it. Her terms were agreed to by the Doctor, and, calling, the next night according to appointment, she was shown into the &awing-room and desired to wait. In a few moments after, she heard a carriage drive up to the door, and somebody alight. The Doctor then entered the drawing-room with the child in his trms, and a lady very richly dressed came in also. She appeared in great distress, and when the infant was delivered to her charge, she said, " Pray take care of my dear infant ;. for one day or other he will come to a large estate." The, room was darkened, when this occurred, and a thick veil completely, hid the lady's features. This was the only account the young man could 'obtain from Mrs. Helm ; but with a natural anxiety to discover the secret which hung over Iris birth,leinquired in Hertford street for Dr. Bradford, and foUnd that he had removed to Tottenhani Court-road ; and proceeding thither, had an interview with Mrs. Bradford, the Doctor's lady, to whom he made known the object of his visit, stating, that he had been brought up by Mrs. Helm, of the Temple, as her son ; but, discovering that she was not his mother, he applied to her (Mrs. Bradford) to tell him who his parents were, he having been informed that she was in possession of the secret.• Mrs. Bradford, he said, admitted this; but de clared that the mystery should never he divulged by her. She gave him; however, a trifling gum, and soon afterwards i n 1823, having a second time quarrelled with Mrs. Helm, he left her altogether, and enlisted in, the Royal Marines. ltp li Mrsfollowing year .... Helm, She had repeatedly purchased h admitted is discharge tila tshe wasth e su d with funds for his support from a person whom she would not name. This person, the young man felt convinced, was Mrs. Bradford, who according to her own admission, knew' who ; his parents.were, and continued to receive re mittances en : his account, which he supposed she appro priated to herself. • Mr. MiNstrum. having heard with great attention this singular statemeat, told the young man be would send an officer to request the attendance of Mrs,' Bradford, in order that she might disclose whatever she knew relating to a transaction so strange and mysterious. The young man said, that Dr. Bradford, who,he had every reason to know was the professional man who was present at his birth, and assisted to bring him into the world, died, unfortunately, about two years ago; and as Mrs. Bradford, his widow, was not at all friendly towards him, he was fearful that she would still conceal whatever she knew of his history. 'When he was about to, go to India with the'regiment in which he had enlisted, and his Mrs. Helm, purchased his discharge, Mrs. reputed ß ra df o rd in s ° v t a h i e 'extremely angry with her for so doirig, and said; "I could whip yor. like a .child for not letting him go," and, as a further proof that she wished him out of the country, When he was at Chatham preparing to. em -bark for India, she sent him two guineas, to assist in fitting him out. Mr. MINSHULL directed an officer to wait . on Mrs. Bradford in his name, and say he should be glad of an in ' tCrYICIY Witli per. Qu the falinfin cliQrain (SAtUkCial), Mrs. Bradford, a lady between 50 and. 60 years of agek attended accordingly; and stating her name, said she alr peared at' the request of the Magistrate. Mr. MinsnuLt.—This young man states, that he is sr titled to some property by right of his parent, and he salt that you know who they are. Mrs. Bradford.—l know nothing of him. He .has bees a great annoyance to ine.• He came to our shop whenevsf I he thought fit, and sat down as if the place was his own. Helm.—lf you know nothing of me, Mrs. BradfOr al why have you given me money occasionally ? Mts. Brea' ford.—Why? to get rid of you, to be sure. Alt. MINSIIu LL—You must surely know who the yousil man is. Mrs. Bradford—l know something of him; Mr. AilNgliftiLE—Then I think you are bound to div elcise it ; and' I tell you this, Madam, that a bill in Chat , eery might compel you to do that which would be only 0 act of humanity to this young man in you to p er lorali Mrs. Bradford—Lam not easily intimidated. repeat. know nothing of him. I am ready to swear i t, if y o ' . ' give me the book. Mr. illmsnuLL—Why you have this moment admit you know something of him. Mri.. Bradford appeared f°' a moment confused, but recovering; eaid, " I mean- to sal; Sir, that I knew he called repeate,:lly at my home, at that I had given bias money to get rid of him." Mr. MINSHU LL-I hope, Mrs. Bradford, you will be" sotne respect for the feelings of an tinprOtected youth. , Mrs. Bradford—l hOpe I know wkat is rig:J, Mr. MmanuLt--.Then do what is right, rninP ° A bill of discovery in Chancery would ,compel you to gl this young man the information he requires, and whic h have' little doubt you Posaess.—Mrs: Bradford. - I offered to swear that I glow nothing of his parents, and now ask if you have any thing further to say to me. Heliu.—You must know more about me, Mrs. Brar l ford, than you think proper to disclose, because why" I have asked you for money, you have told me .you vottl' apply to my friends upon the subject. Mrs. Bradford (evidently impatient to m 614-1114 go now—Ao you want anything more of me ? Mr. MlNsiiuLL—rdo not detail - . you, Madam, anal only sent to request your attendance in the hope that Y" would throw .some light on a transaction of such a ins' tetious nature, —Mrs. Bradford then withdrew. A gentleman who eat upon the bench gave his card t ° the young man; and directed him to call upon OP pledging himself to assist him in bringing a bill of dir covery into Chancery, for the purpose of compelling t bi parties to.disclose what they knew of his history. Mr. MnesEuLkpbserved, that in his opinion there, 0 144 sufficient grounds to Warrant such a measure. MARLBOROUGH-STREET.—A few days ago, a h ilt of Indictment' was found by the Grand Jury at theMidd li , sex 'Sessions, against : four fellows, named J. T. Buss e ' W. Russell, S. Newell, and Harding Ackland, as yr', prietors of one of those hells that infest and disgrace the Or, end of the town. Theindictment was preferred at the insta w of a person named Heath, who alleged that he had been pit'",' dered of his money at this house, and a Bench Ntrarr o ' was issued to him for the apprehension' : of the defendarr" with an order from the - Court, that - they should give Heath, 9-1 hours' notice of the hail they intended to ow' for their appearance to try the indictment ; and on That' day night last, the officers apprehended all the defendatt!,; . except Addend, who is still at large in the neighbourhor,, of their own den, which is situated in Bury-street, , r James'S. _On Saturday they were brought before S te l GEORGE FA RRAItiTy the sitting magistrate, and admit to hail; their - sureties being Mn Richard Maughan, I lord 'of the Prince Regent Inn, at Brixton, and Mr. H. Emery, landlord of the Duke of York public-hom e 'l Pimlico. e Heath, neighbourhood the pros prosecutor, o i r ca , plied to fo► o some inquiries as to the responsibility of a P e This .tw pdaarytsof since,the affairwh tviolence w h i l ic m h a b g e ist h r a a d te r f e o ag r o p n ro to te d o r ti e o a n d a fi g o a m ins t t he th de e re p u e d rs l o p o o making son who was he knew d d e t be hdi pemfreo:podi defendants, proposed destruction, were ni.o:ficlitic pond of water, a nd "' bail, he accidentally a mob round him of 100 ra-aons, hooted aft: hi:rn ° e w d e hima about t informer, toing doubt they would have carried their desi gn into execu tico had it not been for the timely interference of a con stat He therefore considered his life in danger, and hoped to P". protected. The defendants said, that Heath actually called upon the bail, and did he could t 6 dissuade him from entering je t the required Sureties. James Russell, who was the person from whom chic the proeecutor apprehended violence, was then ordered enter into an additional 'recognizance to keep the Pe-A° towards the latter. • belonging to the parish of St. James, for-the aecommo o Mr. Parry, the master of the farm-hew at Islingtots tion of its paupers, attended before the Magistrates t° answer a complaint made against him the preceding day bi two paupers, named -Francis Hales and Charles HitlY erf who alleged that Mr. Parry had,' without any cause; el; pelled them from the firin:liotise, and had kept them, 0 : d there, in such a state of starvation, that t4ey were eblig„; in order to meet the cravings of hunger, to take away P . ' life of one of the forth-house cats and make a meal of i t ' In reply to this charge, Mr. Parry said, that the ei e ; duct of these two paupers had been of 'the . most viele e . , descriPtion, and that he had been compelled to turn til e " out of the house. • - thhelineatukee:etiindotnnbeeto a Sir GEORGE FARRAIiT asked Mr. Tarry if there s 4l . any truth in the story these fellows told. about the cat.. Mr. Parry Understood they actually did, through wail° wickedness, kill one of the eats in the place, but ifb: they did with it he knew not; but certain it was th i unless from a, peculiar taste of their own, they had Necessity to eat it. One of the other paupers said, that he very fully, l7l lievcd Hales and Iliflyer did eat the eat, or some part it, for that they undoubtedly hung, skinned, and boiled in 'a pipkin ; but if 'they did eat it, their own fancy al° led them to do so. Sir G. FARAAwr said, that it was clear there was 0- , the slightest ground for the complaint made by these fell against Mr. Parry, and that he was quite right in turail them Out. of the house. The Magistrate then coranntte_, each of the cat-eaters to digest it by two months' exer c '! on the tread-mill, under the Act against wilful injuri property. QUEEN-SQUARE.—On Saturday, Susannah Pt dale, William Sutton, and 4 John hook, were pl ac ed the bar before D. W. GREOORIE, Esq. charged with 1.0) ; Ping Mr. John Tebbutt , of Stanford-bridge, Chel seN mos t eccentric and ex traordinary charact er , o f hie Wat' two gold seals, and 11 old guineas, one 7s. piece, and,"'",, gold ss. 3d. piece, attached to his watch in the forio " a chain, linked together. _ of the watch, an d t h e ex t raor di nary • Susannah was remanded, i n or d er that time migh t given to the offic ers t o di scover if t h ey could get any tidii The o th e r t. prisoner s were di sc h arg ed. • The prosec u to r is a mas ter•hriek-burner. _ BIRTHg.. On the 25th ult. at Euston-square, Mrs. Wm. Wrio of a eon. On the 30th ult. the lady of Mr. George Maeirone, Bishopsgate-street-without, of a daughter. On the 28th ult. at East Horsley, in Surrey, the HO* Mrs. Arthur Pereeval of a daughter. MARRIED. On the 24th ult. at the British Ambassador's, in Par' Gebrge W. Lenox, Esq. to Sarah Harriett, eldest date of Captain Holman, R.N. • On the 24th ult. at the Church of Salcombe DerOn, C. W. Smith,. Esii. of Islington, to Miss P. Leit of Hill'w.Cottage, near ) Sid mou th. _ . • ~ On the 27th nit. at Robsa, in the county of York, Hon. and Rev. Henry Duncombe, second eon of Lord r e ' !rerslittin, to.. Lucy Elizabeth, eldest daughter of the Be` . Christopher Sykes, and niece to Sir Tatton Sykes, of Sle w niere, Bart. On the 19th ult. at Marylebone church, Mr. Heor., l Kniblis, jun. of the Silver Cross, Charing-crows, to I%fr 'Ann Blazdell, late of St. Martirie-lane, but now of Popl 6r. row, New Kent-road. DIED. Oa the 28th ult. at Wimbledon, aged 19, John, eldd eon of the Rev. Robert Fennell. On.the 27th ult. at Alveratone, Derbyshire, 'Elizate v wife of Mr. ChUrehyard, aged 27. On the 27tfililt. at Tachbrook Grove, Charlotte Marl' the beloved Wife * of the Rev. Henry Wise, of Offehttrcb, i° the county of Warwick. On the 29th ult. Jane, widow of the late Charles Noble , Esq. of Old Burlington-street, aged 72 years. On the 23d ult. Joyce Hebbron, the only da u ghtqr °l O Captain Ambrose, of the Mauritius . Th e Captain arr ivr in England in April, after an absence of 14 years, intend to pass a period of 18 months on his native soil : his h'es l o suffered so much during th e summer mo nths , that he of afraid to encounter a - se ver e winter, and accordingly eO,l barked on board " the Alexander, Capt a i n 'Richatilion , Gravesend, the day preceding, in apparent health ; wit t a few hours afte r w ards i t pleased Providence to deigvi, fond parents of an endearing daughter. Our eorresponch t, o n his arrival at Margate with his family, found the " mains consigned to him for.internaent. e.„40 PAINTED and PunLismen by M. YOUNG, at do Svri-Oir4cx, No. 112, Strtad. R tA ..( consisti .Seven commu Back P Parti t:146.19, As. CORN Foster '!hu la , John K Francis Capt. G 111EDIcl The With thi rnencerr or delay FOP Insuran actual ( PRE rectors, CH In sligt generali UNT exclude are adn Fart or by h ATE and Ni SKE The foil Bur ro With tw *Market ' tr, ,ov entr ham, tc Shelton and Ho Eirrn roaelmi Wick, Li and Sto early tit past six: Liver ] and arriN Newport ter worth iludgele) ford, Lived coaehme, Congleto and Staff arrives a' Aland Anna an :Viand lwampton Marlb ing, New one coact Porton, Neurt. Afteruoo Plymc buFton, ] Rams, Broadsta7 ing at k ShefliE Rothertn I South; Winchesi water, a Coach ar a elelightt , *y, St. Staffor tihelton, Chapel., Warwi ventry, Wells, Coatthes, \Vern Water, Bi Wo 4t a gnarl Nirolye! with, Ale Woice Wooilstoc t ° l l, Moi troadwa‘ atone Eve Hereford, to all par York I derlatol,3 out; Mt Ferrybrid ford, Du early Rev At S. A. f t ,,, 8 a ~.,a nY P , 01, ± at ti 7 tnt 1. 0 SA