The Sun. — London, England, 1827-08-14 00:00:00

core advocates and opponents of the measure, and that Mr. Peel himself is'aniong the latter, we have no doubt ; but, on the other hand, we have quite as little that the most noisy and vehement en both sides are themselves indifferent to the question in the abstract, and render it the stalk ing horse to views and purposes of their own, totally foreign to the grounds upon which they profess to support or oppose it.— Who, for instance, can look for a moment at the injudicious conduct of the leaders of the Catholic Association, and not perceive that their whole conduct gives the lie to their professions? or who, on the other hand, can look at. the con duct of many of the advocates of the opposite side of the . question, and not perceive that the cause of the Established Church is, in their hands, nothing but a struggle to maintain its abuses, in what they consider its main recom mendation, the integrity and entirety of its funds however unequally distributed and disposed of? If the question itself were but cleared from the incumbrancea which both these parties, for their own purposes, choose to load it with, it would • soon•cease to be a bone of contention and a source of political excitement throughout both England and Ireland. This is a view of the matter not, we believe, generally taken, but is, ace are convinced, a just one, and, if so, ought to put dispassionate persons on both sides upon their guard, against lending themselves to. objects and purposes so foreign to their own. It is ex tremely desirable, for instance, that such men' as • Mr. Peel, whose talents and integrity are so useful and valuable to the - country, should not be driven into retirement by the false colouring which the interested and injudicious advocates and opponents .of this question give to it, and 'which, if strippM of these extraneous delusions, would cease to be, an object worthy of the sacri fices ev hich such men 'as Mr. Peel are thus in duced to make to it.— lbid. The Committee of the Society for the Im provement of Prison Discipline, and for the Re formation of Juvenile Offenders, have just pub, lished their Seventh Report, with an Appendix. The Report extends to 1440 pages, and the Ap pendix and Supplement to 411. The former is a very able and valuable discourse, to which we refer with great satisfaction, as containing among other things, some excellent observations on the present state of the Criminal Law and Prison Discipline in,England. It is observed, towards the conclusion of the Report, that $‘ it is the pride of England that she can refer to a long line of Jurists and Philosophers--from the illustrious Sir Thomas More, the first advocate for mercy in a cruel age, to the lamented. Romilly, the greatest legal ornament of our own—who have thus instructed and adorned mankind—enlight ened the darkness of the past, and dispelled the prejudices of modern times." We should rather be disposed to , *ay that it is to the.disgrace of England, that the apathy and'opaque prejudices of her sons should have yielded so little to the appeals of her long line of enlightened Jurists, that her Criminal Law is yet among the most barbarous in Europe,' and her system of cri nainal procedure so absurd as to be the jest of Europe. 4 , If t o no object (as the Committee express themselves), can the wis dom 'of the Legislature and the power of public opinion he more beneficially direct/44 than to the reform of the Criminal Laws and Insti tutionso of the Country ;" and if " Of law it may indeed with truth be said,. that her voice is the harmony of the world—all t hings in heaven and on earth do her homage ; the very least as feel ing her care, and the greatest as not exempt from her power ;" is it not singular that this Para mount object should be still in such a backward State in this country? The Committee observe, explanation, that " vast and immeasurable as is its importance, the amelioration of jurispru dence has been hitherto but very little indebted to the arm of power. Unhappily for the interests of mankind, nations - have been absorbed in ex tending the boundaries of dominion, and in the questionable objects of political ambition and to these notions of false glory have been too of- i ten sacrificed the arts of government, and the Welfare and happineas of social life." But how does it happen that the arnt of power has really been directed anxiously in many countries of. Europe, even since the middle of the last century, to the amelioration of jurisprudence, while no corresponding efforts were made in England ? In the arts of production, in ingenious eon trivaness of all sorts for the . abridgment of labour, and the multiplication of the means of physical enjoyment, the body of the people at - England have, by universal consent, distinguished themselves beyond the people of every oth er country. Frorn the amazing industry of the na tion, enabling, as it does, so many individuals to without toil, and to procure the means of improving their minds, it might be expected that this country would outstrip all others in the ame lioration of jurisprudence ; and it is - only possible to account for the rude state of the law, and the still ruder notions which yet prevail among those to whom the task of improving it belsogs, by the defective state of education among the higher ranks in England, who really enter the world ig * n u rant of all that a gentleman ought to know, and possessed at most of an appetite for study, derived from the course of discipline to which they have been subjected. On this benighted class the lower ranks are POW closely pressing, from the pains which have been taken by philan thropic individuals to inspire them with ti thirst for knowledge ; and to place within their res . :.'h the means of acquiring it ; and it will no longer be in the 'power of the higher orders to corn- Knand the respect of the rest of their fellow citizens, if they. do not prove thems e l ves Rntitled to it, by .dedicating their leisure to those pursuits which will enable them to improve our domestic institutions:— What a di ce to English gentlemen, to heat them, in the present day, talking, like so many groWn babies, of the wonderful wisdoth of Magna Chaste, of which one clause is equal to all the pretended discoveries of modern philoso phers, while, at every Assize, criminals of every description are turned loose on the country, from the inaptitude of the judicial system of the coup-, try to effect the object which it ought to accom plish. The conviction or acquittal of a prisoner might as 'well be made 'to depend on the number of words he Can Utter in a minute, the number of feet he can leap,,' or the number of glasses of • gin he can drink without being intoxicated, as on the circumstances which procured theacquittal of th e rioters at Norwich, or the escape of the drive r ' of the Exeter coach. We congratulate the Country on the advance which has been made in a few-years in the mode of approaching such , subjects afe e re f orm of our domestic institu tions. Any titan who only hinted a few years ago that the' gratuitous administration of justice in England was not; the happiest of all human contrivance% or,. 'who:- 'refused to allow 'that the advantages of .4c an 'Unpaid Magistracy,'' s h e glory 'of England, • were not. cheaply pur• chased by the crowding of our gaols with innocent men, wouhl have been looked on much in the light that an old Spaniard looks - on a -Jew. - A Frenchman who hears for the first time that his countrymen are :lot the bravest, wittiest,. wisest, and most ingenious of all God's creatures, could not be more thunderstruck than an Englishman, when told that his boasted cheap • administration of justice was a remnant of feudal barbarism, unworthy of a civilised people, and that the indiscriminate prosecutions and corn mittals, holding to bail, Grand Juries, &c., were the most admirable of all contrivances for the punishment of the innocent and the 'acquittal of the guilty, But reasoning is now boldly applied to the subject, which is dispassionately weighed in its scales.—" It may well merit considera tion," say the Committee, " whether certain parts of the judicial procedure, which has been for ages established in this country, in the com mittal of persons for trial, be not open to objec tion, and calculated to increase rather than di minish the commission of crime. The nature and amount of punishment is wisely decided by the law alone. If it be right to take from the aggrieved the power of apportioning the penalty, it is not less so to prevent him from determining whether punishment of any kind shall be inflicted. This power the law of England gives to the injured party, by imposing on him the burthen of enforcing his penalties. This proceeding, it is well known, involves both trouble and expellee. Depositions are taken before a Justice of the Peace, and on his decision gone it de pends, whether the accused be at once dis charged, held to bail, or committed to prison till the day of trial. But although the law vests this discretionary power in the Magistrate, he is not required to belong to the legal profession, to be competent to the analysis of evidence, or to possess that description of knowledge w hich is often indispensable to the discovery of innocence, l i and the detection of guilt. Should the imputed offence not be bailable, or should the party not be able to obtain bail, he is detained in the gaol until the next Assizes or Quarter Sessions ; wheil after an imprisonment, perhaps, for several months—the propriety of putting him on trial is at length determined by a Grand Jury. No evidence, however ; is then received on his behalf, and he is consequently often sent to the Bar of Justice, when the hearing of his defence would have procured his immediate discharge ; a fact placed beyond question, by the 'numbers even tually acquitted by the Petit Jury. If the wit nesses be not in readiness, the prisoner is liable, under certain circumstances, to be confined until the following gaol delivery. " It is obvious, then, that the law chiefly depends for its execution on the will of the aggrieved. This ground of reliance is neither fa,ourable to morals, nor honourable to legislation. It is frequently the occasion of injustice to the accused, while it fails to afford adequate protection to the public. If the prosecutor act upon the strength of his feel ings, they are apt to magnify his injuries and inflame his passions. In a moment of anger, a man is charged with an offence, committed to prison, arid after a long confine ment discharged, because the prosecutor has over-rated the importance of his evidence ; or, because his resentment having subsided, he declines to prosecute. Thus, should he relent, and be willing to'forfeit his recognizances, a cri minal may escape, and the justice of the country be set at nought. This disposition is considerably strengthened by the delay aud expense to which a prosecutor is subject, which present to him strong temptations to compromise the interests of justice for the restitution of his property. But these are not the only evils. Experience has abundantly shown that the investigation of a case before a committing magistrate, and the partial examination of the evi dence before a Grand Jury, are but imperfect modes of arrivCl zst the truth. As no evidence on the part of the awned is to ran before the Grand Jury, it may reasonably be presumed, tbat where a bill is thrown out he ought never to have been sent befpre that tribunal ; but the Ma gistrate not being compelled to receive this evidence in favour of the prisoner, his eventful acquittal is no reflec tion on the justice of the original commitment. Thus the law attaches no respoasibility to either institution; and it can therefore r.frnrd no surprise that committals frequently take place on insnfAcient grounds. Although the Lord Advocate, as public proseptor, is not subject to any re sponsibility beyond that of the Judges in England, yet the procurators-fiscal, who decide the majority of minor of fences, are liable both in damages and expenses in case of improper cr groundless prosecution ; and examples are nu menus of their prise subjected to both by higher tribunals. This is an evil (commigals insufficient grounds) of the extent of which few persons are aware. Of the total num ber of poisoners committed for trial to th e several gaols in England and Wales, about one in seven are discharged by the Grand Jury, and about one-third' are 'eventually acquitted, after haying endured—frequently for several months 7-01 the suffering, slisgrace, and injury of penal imprisonment. The Grand .fury iss Es) case saves, nor from ' the nature of the institution is it &signed to save—the prisoner from raore than a few days' imprisonment before trial, since it is not to he supposed the Grand Jury will acquit any whom the Petit Jery would condemn. . . . . . . If the great end of criminal ,;nclicature be the prevention of crime, at the least cost of pei•kooal suf fering, this superiority of the Scottish over the English system of proees!,are, in the trial of ordinary offences, will be at once manifess. This superiority consists in the immediate relief which i s a affofsted to the prisoner, who has in England to await the decis i on 4f is Grand Jury. In the years 1821, 1822, and 1 tiO, the average numi4er of persons annually tried in England amounted to 10,843; ea the average number discharged by the Grand Jury was 1,8,96. In the same years there were transmitted to Edinburgh ;o; the opinion of the Crown Counsel 1,768 cases, of whom were immediately liberated. Thus in England, two nut of fo . vteen were saved the sliagrace . of a public trial by the Grand Jury, after an average of three months' imprisonment; while in Scotland, two out a! eleven were immediately liberated. But in Scotland, an additiowsl purnber of 413 cases were referred back for immediate trial, ;44 these individuals also ,escaped the further punishment of impsiaanment be fore tr i a l. The benefit of the legal judgment of a public prosecutor may be further estimated by the fact, that in England the acquittals sre to the convictions as two to seven, while in Scotland they are as one to seven ; a dif ference that can only arise from the Grain' ~Tory sending to trial double the number, or twice as many cases of defective evidence as would have been sent by the public prosecutor." .We cannot at present enter further on the va- Ailc totes so . abJy discussed by the Committee. . , na with regard 1041 are parti- Their oo.7erv 4 tw , , cularly entitledto :ware i 4 11 4 we . ag.r,e,t3lPPsl , cordially with them, !hat the (hstribution of justice to the rich and poor, witii regard to : bgil, is manifestly unequal ; and it is highly desirable that some measure should be adopted by which the labourer, when charged with petty offences, and when, from the nature of his circumstances, he cannot be supposed to find bail, may be saved from the injury and .degradation of a p r i son ."_ The rich have difficulty in conceiving that what is no hardship to themselves can be a hardship to others ; and hence the laws of England, framed by rich Legislators, have, in all their provisions, the convenience of the rich wily in view. We are sorry to learn that the funds of the Society are more than exhausted by the expellee of print ing their valuable Reports, and of their philan thropical experiments.—Morning Chronicle. There are not many men in modern times who will not suffer when compared to the late Pre mier. He was excelled in copiousness by Burke, in dignity by Pitt, and i:. ratiocination by Fox ; but none of these three masters of eloquence, un less, perhaps, the second, spoke so well and. so convincingly on all subjects on which he ad dressed himself. His mind, like all original minds, was capable of grasping equally the great and the ' l ' Of this number a. large proportion are, doubtless, guilty of the crimes with which they are charged; and owe their acquittal to defective evidence, the imperfection of the laws, or technicalities in their administration. minute, the complex and the simple. There were certain topics on which heluxuriated—cer tain trains of thought which lie was fond of pur suing, and certain forms of reasoning which he selected from preference. He was fonder of ap pealing to classical than philosophical authority, and his arguments were, for the most part, ra .ther illustrative, than strictly logical. But, this mode of thinking arose not, as superficial ob servers imagined, from his inability to manage the coarser and more ordinary weapons of com mon men, but, because lie delighted to captivate his hearers, by the splendid and the ornate. His wit was glittering with gold, and sparkling with gems, but its temper and its edge were not the less true and trenchant, because of the richness of its accompaniments. Compared with it, the weapon of his most powerful opponent showed like an ill-fashioned sword, whose cuts owed their depth and deadliness to the vigour alone of the aim that directed them. Of Mr. Pitt it was said that he could speak a Royal Message. There was, indeed, a stateliness and purity in the dic tion of that great man which has never been equalled. • But these high attributes, though not unessential, do not of themselves constitute an orator. They address themselves to the judg ment and to the fancy, but they .leave the feel ings unmoved. They composed, however, the greater part of Mr. Pitt's eloquence, and even his satire was comparatively cold, severely cut ting as it unquestionably was. Of Burke it is universally acknowledged that the wretched man ner completely destroyed the matter of his dis courses. So notoriously disagreeable a speaker Was that great man, that he received the nickname of the dinner bell, and his finest and most finished effusions were delivered to empty benches.— This was in no respect attributable to his topics; for the same discourses when published, were perused and admired by men of all parties, as finished specimens of oratory. The talents of Mr. lox were chiefly admirable in reply. He would sit during the longest debate, half-dozing, and at a late hour rise up, and beginning . with the first and proceeding downward to the last of his opponents, untwist, and tear asunder, their various arguments, with a force, as well as a hap piness, which had the appearance of the miracu lous. Considered in its separate elements, the eloquence of Mr. Canning was perhaps inferior ; but considered in its co4nbination, we have little hesitation in describing it as superior to any of these gifted individuals. No man ever made an opening speech with greater' simplicity, grace, imd precision ; no man ever answered an enemy with more convincing power, whether he chose to sooth down with good humouied admission— to tease with laughing irony—or cut to pieces with indignant satire. No man, when his case was a' , good one, could show its lights more broadly and strikingly ; no man, when his case was a bad one, could keep down its shades with greater felicity of management. In the great ob ject of an orator—persuasion—Mr. Canning was unrivalled. When he had a subject to which he could give all his soul, he bare away his hearers as a mountain torrent. Witness his speech on the Portuguese question last Session. No public speak - It in England, perhaps none in the world, could have produced such a powerful effect as Mr. Canning did by that speech. Mr. Pitt's appeals to the House in the earlier periods of the French Revolution, found a strong support in the fears of the Members, and in their self interest ; but Mr. Canning's appeal was made to their generosity alone, and was answered as no former appeal ever was. Perhaps the only other speech comparable to it was the celebrated one of Sheridan, on a strictly analogous sub ject—the invasion of Spain by Napoleon. There were many points, indeed, in Sheri dan's happiest efforts, that more resembled the oratory of Mr. Canning, than most of those with whom he has been com pared. And particularly did the comparison hold in that golden thread of poetry, in its highest sense, which ran through and embel lished the less valuable materials in the oratory of each. Mr. Canning excelled in the ingredient of oratory, which the great master has denomi- , nated its first, -second, and third requisite—deli very. His voice was clear and musical, his carriage and action animated and graceful ; his pauses finely measured ; his intonation distinct and judicious. To these advantages the late Premier added, and it is no small one in a public speaker, a singularly manly and elegant person, and a gracious aspect. Take him all in all, we should be led, from the fragments that remain of the elder Pitt, and from the description given of the effect of his speeches, to compare Mr. Can- . ning to him rather than to his illustrious son, or any of the luminaries to whose peculiarities we have briefly adverted. There was the same en larged and capacious views, the same courageous determination of purpose, the same disdain of petty prejudices, and the same carelessness for the opinion of petty opponents. In Mr. Can ning, however, these qualities were mixed up with more playfulness of humour, and more suavity of manner, than is generally attributed to the great Chatham.—New Times MEETINGS OF CREDITORS. COUNTRY DIARY.—THURSDAY, AUD. 16. . Hotsefield, P., Manchester—White's, Manchester 9 Kaye, T., Bo:ten—Star, Manchester 2 Lee, J., Leicester—White Hart, Leicester 5 Pilbnw, T Exeter—New London, Exeter ~ „ , ...... 11 Pomeroy, J. B r i x h a m—London inn, Exeter ' II Schorfleld, .1., tilouthowram, Halifax—Office of Messrs. Alex ander, Halifax AUGUST 17. ... Buckley, J., 011sam—Paiace inn, Manchester JO Caulfield, P., Pembroke—iG;een i4ragon, Pembroke 11 Corbett, J., Austrey, Warwickshire—Queen's Head, Ashby de la Zouch II Eccles ' li., Wakefield—Sessions.house, Wakefield Elliott, C. Brighton—Albion, Brighton 2 Goulden, J., Kendal—King's Arms, Kendal lO Hobbs, W., Bristol—Commercial rooms, Bristol Hortefield, P., Manchester—White's, Manchester Isaac, N., scii., Marshfield—White Hart, Bath ll Knit', H: and Co.; •Chelten ham—Commercial rooms, • Bristol 9 Pomeroy, J. jun., Brixharn—Lonc;im Lin, Brizb a „ ~. Potter and Co., Oldham—Palacii, MariChesW '-' " • . lO • • 2 steal, J. jiiii, ‘ Royds in Beestoni—Court-hbuse, Leeds - 11 tone, P., Bristol—Commercial rooms, Bristol ... Switherbank, A., Bradibrd—New inn, Bradford . ' 11 Taylor, S., Milrithrop—Ccmmercial inn, Kendal ll Yaps, J. Bolton—Star, Manchest e r ll AliCi UST IS. Irish, M.,"l.,ewci—tar, Lewes lt Isaac, N., Marsfitield.:—Whlta Hat:, liath Pomeroy, J. jun.,, Brixham--Liendon inn, Pri;bam w,... i 1 Roberts, 11., Bristol—Commercial rooms, Bristol 1 • INSOLTETITS APPLYINI Petitions to be beard at Pertug Anatfer la Galloway, J., Spitalfields Grace, J., astbourne Frairingtna ? W., Racial:high. G TO BE DISCHARGED, r al.street, Line°lies In Fields, 1„7 NpYQ. Pal mare, 11., , White- Chapel • Roberts, H., Lombard-street, way 1 Heeley, L., Ironmonger-street, Fleet-street ilothllon, T., Fleet-street Old:street Lawrence, J., Eagle-st., Spital .. Scottler, G., Primrose-ht., Bi. shopsgate" Waters, J., Buckingha;o-street, fields Lowe, T., Middlewicli Lowman, J., Charlotte-street, Fitzroy-square While, ~ Commercial toad Banks, J., Pinner Baton, J., Union-st., London- Puttick, J., Shoreham Richardson, J. Raven-st. Wh ite chapel • Robinson, S., Bath Smithson J. Tooting Stnith, Ogie-street, Mary road Bond, R., Denutpr-st., Com mercial-road Goldsmid, L., ?entre-house, Abergavenny Greenbslgh,,B., Rochdale Jackson, 'l'. Shadwell ikledland, k., St. Swithin's-lane Pauline, b., ;gm - cord-place, Bryanstone-square leboit c Springidl, W., New River-head, Limehouse Thothas, D., Duke-street, Re gent-street ,lon inn, Northop, August 16, o'clock. Munnerley, J. Hawarden, Flint shire Wright, J., Mold COUNTRY.—_At the Red at Ten Auckland,W.,Newcastle-upon..i Tyne Glover, 8., Liverpool Jones, J., Caerwye A UGC POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE.— William Page, a mariner on board of the ship London, from Rotterdam, was brought before the Lord Mayor and Alderman Thoinpson, upon an information, charging him with having been found on board that Ship when it was liable to seizure, with a knowledge of that liability. The penalty is five years' service in his Majesty's navy. The LORD MAYOR asked the prisoner what he had to say in his defence. The prisoner would leave it to the mercy of the Court. The LORD MAYOR—We have no discretion whatever, unfortunately, in cases of this description. The law is imperative. It is quite a new one. The Solicitor for the prosecution stated, that no less than two notices had been stuck up in the birth of the pri soner, cautioning all on board from smuggling, and stating that John Nicholl had been committed to the tender for having concealed 61b. of tobacco. The LORD MAYOR—That case of Nicholl's I thought a very hard one, as it was evident that he was not aware that he was offending against the law. But this is a very dif ferent ease. Captain Gibbs stated that he had taken particular care to caution all his men against smuggling. He had done more. He had not only pasted up notices to the effect above stated, but he had got 500 of them printed at his own expence, and distributed amongst the ships at Am sterdam and Rotterdam. The warrant of committal was then signed, and the pri soner was taken to the tender. MARYLEBONE-OFFlCE.—Yesterday, Mrs. Mary M'Nevin, a handsome young woman, was charged with assaulting Mr. Charles M'Nevin, her brother-in-law, in Rathbone-place, with following him to the house of Mr. Burn, 9, Percy-street, and creating an immense mob around the door.—She was held to bail. WORSHIP-STREET.—Yesterday John Morgan and Anne Garraway were brought up for further examination before Mr. BENETT, charged with stealing from the par lour of Mr. Hanson, a jeweller, i❑ High ifolborn, on last Friday. Mr. Benett observed, that there was nothing in the case that could at all affect the prisoner Morgan, and him he would discharge, upon an understanding that he would come forward when called upon; at the same time he trusted that he (Morgan) would not be lessened in the esti mation of his employers.—The woman was remanded until Friday. H AT T ON- G A RDEN. —Yester day an ill-looking fellow, giving his name John Cos, was brought in custody before A. S.• ',atria, Esq., the sitting Magistrate, charged by Mr. Graham, proprietor of an academy in Northampton-square, Goswell-road, with indecent exposure of his person. Mr. Graham, who was attended by a number of most respectable neighbours, stated, that for the last six weeks the square had been kept in a state of perpetual alarm by the prisoner. Not only his female servants, but thope of nearly every house in the place, had been almost daily in sulted in the most gross manner. By the earliness of the hour at which he Usually presented himself before the areas, he had eluded detection till five o'clock that morning, when (a watch being previously set for him) he was taken, and lodged in the watch- house. Mr. Graham added, that in the course of the morning, to his surprise, he had been credibly informed that the prisoner was the father of a large family. The above statement was corroborated by four witnesses. Prisoner offered no defence, but urged his wife and children in mitigation of punishment. He was committed for three months to the House of Correction. Yesterday, a gentleman named Topham, residitig in Camden-town, appeared to answer the charge of assaulting a watchman. named John Collins, on Saturday night. Collins, in a roundabout and prevaricating manner, stated that about eleven o'clock on Saturday night, he " seed the gemman" in Platt-street, and ordered him to go on ; this he refused, and abused complainant shamefully, who then took him to the watch-house. Mr. LAING.How did he assault you ; did he strike you ?—Collins : I don't know, your Worship ; somebody did. Mr. LAING.—Were you drunk or sober at the time? Take care of yourself, Sir.—Collins (hesitatingly): Why, your Worship, I can't say I was sober. _ _ _ Mr. LAING.-I thought as much. Pray, Sir, (to Mr. Topham) what answer do you make to this charge ? Mr. Topham said, that he was a housekeeper residing on the spot, and at 11 o'clock came out of the Camden-arms. At the door he met Collins, the watchman, wl4o asked him to give him a glass of gin and water, stating that it was due to him for some service done previously. He (Mr. Topham) not even knowing the man, and also perceiving him to be intoxicated, refused tcr treat biro, and proceeded towards his own house, to within a few' • yards of which he was followed by Collins, who, all the way, kept ordering him to walk on, and using the most abusive and disgusting language, declaring that he was as good a man as half the pretended gentlemen, and occasionally pushing him forward with his bludgeon. He (Mr. Topham) at length turned, and declared, that if he (Collins) did not go to his duty, his conduct should be reported; on which Collins seized him by the collar, shook him, and dragged him to the watch-house, where, for a' considerable time, the night constable refused to take the charge, when Collins became so outrageous and insolent, that the charge was hooked, on purpose to have the matter properly investigated. Lorimer, the officer of the night, was about to corroborate part of Mr. Topham's statement, but the Magistrate de clared it had turned out just as he had anticipated, and ordered the parties to change places, when Mr. Topham having been sworn to the truth of his statement, Collins was ordered to find bail ; and Mr. Laing gave directions that his conduct should be reported in the proper quarter, until which time he should be suspended from his duty.— He was then locked up in default of bail. LAMBETH-STREET.—Yesterday, a young man, of very respectable exterior, who gave his name as Henry Hall, and styled himself an at'torney's clerk, was placed at the bar before Sir D. Witualls and M. WYATT, Esq., charged with breaking into and robbing the dwelling-house of Mr. Chadwick, a grocer, in New-street, Stepney.— Committed. QUEEN-SQUARE.-111r. Joseph Jenner, a school master, of elderly appearance, residing in Cowley-street, near Westminster Abbey, applied to the sitting magistrate for au officer to apprehend a young woman living in the Almonry, who had robbed him of a valuable snuff-box. An officer being despatched soon returned with the fe male in custody, and also the snuff -box, which Mr. Jenner declared to be his property, and she refused to give it him. The female, on being questioned, threw a very different light on the affair. From her statement it appeared that the schoolmaster, although advanced in years, was still a man bf gallantry, and was in the frequent habit of calling to see her. The snuff-box in question he had left with her as a security for the payment of half-a-crown, and he had endeavoured to make her give it up without the money, which she thought he bad no right to do. The schoolmaster could not gainsay this statement, and the Magistrate ordered the officer to give the girl the snuff box, declaring at the same time that he suspected it was an affair of that sort. The schoolmaster made the best of his way out of the office, followed by the girl, who declared she would take his snuff-box to his wife, who had on former occasions re deemed articles left with her by Mr. Jenner ; and if she did not pay her, she would eell the box for inure than half-a crown. Further extracts from Van Dieman's Land Papers : Sheep stealing, we regret to observe, still continues a very common crime in the Colony. The Hugh Crawford conveys to oiir most Graehms :tcing and the Briesh Farlia 7 'Dent, the prayers and petitions of the colonists oflarmania for the two great bulwarks of our national peace and se curity, Trial by Airy, and Representative Legislation. The interest excited among the colonists had been so ex tremely great, that Capt. Langdon, of the Hugh Crawford, had in the most handsome manner agreed to detain his vessel for a few days, 'as no vessel was likely to sail for England for some time after the Hugh Crawford. One of the harbours discovered at' St. George's Sound, is not only safe but also capacious ; this is called Princess Royal Harbour. The town of this new British Colony has been designated by the • Fort Commandant, Major Lockyer. Frederick's Town, i 4 hanpuF of the Duke of York. Mr, Horne,' Proprietor of the Sydney G._zze!e, has offered his Journal at the moderate sum of fifteen thousand pounds; a moderate sun truly, is the man mad or sick, or is he desirous to 4e,come a London editor for the benefit of his health ? The trade with China has Lecoine of considerable importance with the Colony, as well as with the Cape of Good Hope. The accounts of the wheat markets are dreadful, good wheat had been sold at 3s. 6d. currency per bushel; several hundred bushels had been sold at f r om 4s, to 4s, Ad. The first experiment of making Tarmanian wine from the grapes of the Colony to any ex tent, had been made by Mr. Broughton, of Prospect New Town. '[he natives continue to harass and commit out rages on the settlers, they have latterly become snore fero cious and terrific, and instead of growing more friendly with the whites, on the eontrary, anew that any attempts to bring these savages to a better and more civilized state had failed ; their attacks had frequently been attended by loss of life, and what they cannot , rob they destroy ; the stock 7 keepers had been frequently their victims, SUMMER ASSIZES. HOME CIRCUIT.-CROYDON, A. 10, DONALDSON V. FENWICE AND OTHERS. Mr. MARRYAT stated, that this was an action on a polioy of the Indemnity Mutual Marine Assurance Company, effected by the plaintiff, as broker, in the month of January, 182.5, on the ship Mercury, whaler, then at sea, to recover n salvage loss on the ship, and an average loss on the cargo, and that although the defendants' plea of non est factuni merely required the plaintiff to prove the execution of the policy, and to give some evidence of the loss, yet he was prepared with witnesses to prove the whole case, as in actions upon common policies. Mr. M'Nally, the master, proved that the Mercury was twice on shore in the early part of the voyage, and on the 9th of March, 1826, she struck on a reef of'rocks, whilst proceeding from Bouganville to wards Gabay ; that in consequence of the damage done to the vessel, she was obliged to put into the Mauritius, where she was condemned, in conse quence of the estimate of the necessary repairs being greater than the value of the vessel. On cross-examination, the witness stated, that by a letter, dated the 27th of February, 1825, he had apprized the owner of the Mercury that she had been twice on shore. The letter having been read, Mr. MARRYAT called Mr. William Wilkinsonithe plaintiff's partner, who proved that he produced the above letter to the actuary of the company, and left it with him, for the purpose of being submitted to - the directors. Mr. Justice PARK observed that the plaintiff was clearly-entitled to a verdict. Mr. GURNEY, for the defendants, then submitted to a verdict for the full amount of the plaintiffs' claim. Mr. Justice PARK—Surely these gentlemen must he very young underwriters, but if they are fortunate enough to become a corporation, they will then, as Lord Coke says, " have a soul," coming into Court with such a case. OXFORD CIRCUIT.—SHREWSBURY, Aua. 11. John Jones was indicted, charged with having feloniously stolen several articles of furniture from Pentrepant, lately the dwelling-house of the Hon; Frederick West, the property of Geo. Carew, Esq. - Guilty—Seven years' transportation. Benjamin Palmer, Benjamin Beard, and Thomas Chatham were indicted for the manslaughter of John Barker.—Not Guilty. William Jones, alias Henry Sims, was charged with having feloniously broken into the dwelling house of John Morris, of Wellington, on the night of the 2d of July, and stolen therefrom 50 waist coats, six pair of trousers, six pair of breeches, a 51. note, and about 41. in silver. The prisoner, in company with four other men, were overtaken by a stage-coach, on the road from Wellington, about three o'clock in the morning of the 2d of July. They had each of them bundles, which they threw over the adjoining hedges, when they saw the coach coming up. A pursuit took place, some of the goods were recovered, and the prisoner shortly after was apprehended. The guard of the coach swore positively to his being one of the persons who had possession of the bundles. The Jury having found the prisoner Guilty, Mr. Justice LITTLEDALE intimated that he must expect to leave the country for life. Prisoner.—l should like to have the pair of breeches he could not swear to. Thomas Pitchfork and George Green were con victed of having on the 4th of August broken into the house of Thomas Danks, and stolen therefrom divers articles of wearing apparel.—Sentence post poned. WOODWARD V. BOOTH. This was an action brought by an innkeeper in Shrewsbury to recover from the defendant, who is a widow, and the principal proprietress of the Bang-up Coach, travelling from Manchester through Chester to Shrewsbury, the sum of 71., being the alleged value of a trunk containing wearing apparel and divers other articles, the property of the plaintiff. The cause was tried at the last Assizes , when the action was brought on the customof England, as to the responsibility of innkeepers for the'property of their customers left in their charge, as Mrs. Booth kept an inn at Chester. On the former occasion a nonsuit was entered, and the present action was brought against the defendant, on the ground of her responsibility as a common carrier. Mr. SLANEY (who is one of the Members for. Shrewsbury), in opening the pleadings, stated the nature of the action, and also that his client was a most respectable innkeeper in this town. Mr. TAUNTON stated the plaintiff's case, and then proved that the plaintiff having been on his route from Manchester to Shrewsbury, gave the trunk in question to a porter in the defendant's yard at Chester for the purpose of being forwarded with him. He paid his fare regularly in Chester at the defendant's booking office; but on his errival in this town, his trunk was missing. The learned counsel cited several authorities to show the responsibility of persons who acted as common carriers in any way, and among others, a case tried in this town 30 years ago, when an action was brought against the pro prietor of a waggon, to recover the value of a pipe of brandy which had leaked out of the vessel by the negligence of the defendant's servant, and in which case the judgment of the Court of King's Bench had affirmed the verdict in favour of the plaintiff. In cross-examination, the witnesses for the plaintiff stated that a painted board was stuck up in the defendant's booking-office, about breast high, and over that a printed notice was also stuck up, each of which stated that any goods or passengers' luggage lost by any conveyance belonging to the de fendant would not be paid .for unless specially entered and the carriage paid for. These notices differed from those usually exhibited in such cases, inasmuch as no insurance was mentioned. Mr. CAMPBELL addressed the Jury for the defen dant, and contended, that unleis gross negligence could be brought home to his client, she was not to be considered responsible. That negligence existed in this case there could be no doubt, but then it was gross negligence on the part of the plaintiff. himself. He had gone into the defendant's office to pay his fare for the purpose of coming from Chester to Shrewsbury ; but notwithstanding two explicit no tices staring him in .the face, stating the terms on which passengers' luggage or other articles would be conveyed, he had not taken the precaution of look ing after his own luggage. The learned counsel then produced the painted board and printed notice which had been stuck:up in the defendant's office, as well as a model of the office itself, mid showed that the plaintiff had stood within two feet of these notices when lie booked his place for Shrewsbury. Mr. TAUNTON in reply, observed to the jury, that though this was only the first cause, they could form some notion of the intricacies of the law from the present case, when it appeared the plaintiff' c ould not recover the value of a trunk full of w earing apparel, which was lost from a common stage-coach, without bringing two actions for it. He submitted, however, that the trunk in question had been received into the custody of an acknowledged agent of the de fendant, and whether the loss had accrued from ac cident or negligence on her part, she was responsible. Mr. Baron VAUGHAN, in charging the Jury, left two distinct questions for theiv consid,eration-Ist, whether the plaintiff must have seen the notices that had been produced ; and, 2tily, if not, whether the trunk had been received by an acknowledged agent of the defendant's. If they found the first proposi tion, the second would be immaterial, provided the terms of the. notice were not complied with, Verdict for the defenaent, SUTTOINi V. MARSH. This was an - action to recover the value of a sow, which, it was alleged, had been worried and killed by the defendant's dog. Mr. Baron Vauut4N-7--Don't you call any sur geon to prove that the death of the sow was caused by the wounds she received from the defendant's doe —(Laughter.) ' Mr. CAMPBELL (with whom was Mr. JUSTICE) for the defendant, certainly thought the case was very defici , rnt irk that respect, as well as many others, and that in fact, it was a case rather for a coroner's inquest, as a case of suicide, than for the considera tion of the present tribunal. They had been , told that the defendant had incited his -dog to worry the plaintiff's sow, and had thereby caused her death ; but not one atom of proof had be en of fered of that accusation. Instead of the defendant having worried the plaintiff's sow, the plaintiff had worried the defendant by setting his attorney at him; and the Jury well knew, that being worried by an attorney, was much worse than being worried by a dog. But there was no evidence that the defendant had been the cause of the death of this pig. It would not be evidence sufficient to convict the defendant, because he was the last person seen in the pig's company—because he was the last person near when she breathed her last. They would not proceed in this case super ViSllni corporis ; and whether this pig was the learned pig, or the unlearned pig-, as there was no evidence to affect the defendant,-he was sure the jury would, by their verdict, tell the plaintiff that he had brought his pigs to the wrong market.-- (Laughter) ; and that having had his bacon once, for he (Mr. Campbell) had no donbt they had made use of it, he could tot, by bvinging this action, sa ve his bacon at the expence of the defendant. The Jury found a verdict for the defendant. CHESSVAS V. SMART. Mr. Justice LITTLEDALE, before he left Stafford, certified in this case, to prevent the plaintiff-'s claim ing costs. There was a further advance in calicoes at Manchester on Tuosday last (the whole advance being now estimated at 25 per cent.) ; and we are happy to announce that the improvement has at length begun to be felt here. It has produced a rise of 3d. a cut in the charge for weaving the coarser articles ; and from 6d. to Is. per cut on the finer goods.— Carlisle Journal. HARVEST.---The uncertain state of the weather last week completely interrupted the progress of the harvest in this neighbourhood. The rain has been fa vourable or otherwise to the crops, according as the growing or the ripening process was affected by it. We were sorry to observe that a great deal of hay had not been gathered in before the storms; but the fine weather during this week, we hope, have enabled the farmers to secure not only their hay, but their ripe grain. The wheat, this year, appears the most irregular crop, both in point of time and quantity. — Carlisle Jounual. ALEXANDRIA, JULY 6.—lt is said that the Egyptian fleet, of 68 sail, among which there is not one European ship, will put to sea next week, to proceed to the Morea. Meantime the communication is kept up by means of swift sailing ships of war. CONSTANTINOPLE,JULYIIO.—The accounts from the theatre of war since the fall of the Aciopolis a re unimportant, the affairs of the Greeks appear to be more em barrassed than eyer. Discord, the usual scourge Of the Greeks, has commonly beConie more violent with their re verses, and this is the case at present. Luckily the opera tions of Redschid and Ibrahim are greatly impeded by the want of provisions and ammunition, and they have not taken advantage of their success, as might have been ex pected. The arrival of Madame de Ribeaupierre, consider ing the present state of things, has excited some sensation. FROM MEXICO.—Late advices from Mexico mention, that the Congress of the Republic closed its Ses sions on the 21st May, when the President Victoria, by message informed them, that their internal affairs were prosperous, and that the late dissentiOns had been quelled ; their relations with Foreign Powers generally on a friendly footing; that the Education Commissioners had entered on their duties; that England had agreed to send a Minister Plenipotentiary.to Mexico, and to receive one in the capital of that nation, which exercises so great an influence over the destinies of Europe ; that the treaty between Mexico - and the United States had been ratified by the Renate of the latter with some alterations, a nd a renewal of negociatiens on the subject would be required ; but that the best harmony existed between the two nations, and that both were anxious to arrange the boundaries'between them in the most satisfactory manner. The President also complimented the exertions of the ac credited Chief who commands the Mexican marine (Com modore Porter), for the manner in which he had sustained the honour of his flag, caused enormous losses to the conk' merce of Cuba (which is, however, denied by the Spanish authorities), and had made various prizes, without as Y et a single adverse incident occurring to any of the Mexical► vessels. The City Inspectors of Weights and Mea sures, in surveying the Billingsgate market, oa Saturday last, discovered that a novel method of swindling the public had been carried on there to a great extent by the second hand fish salesmen in the following manner :—at the end of the scale beam a large hook was hung for the pu r pose s (as a casual observer would suppose) of hanging salmon to weigh, but in fact, as it turns out, to give the scale $ draught of about six minces, which the hooks generaq weigh, and the purchasers are cheated of that quantity in a pound ; this system has been carried on with impunity there for a length of time, and numerous have the com- plaints been to Mr. GOLDRAM, the superintendent of the market, who never before had an opportunity of catching them la the fact.' He has in consequence taken several standings from the guilty parties.-2 Prning Paper. BIRTHS. On 10th inst., at Daw Court, Kent, the lady of Edward Rice, Esq., of a son. On the 12th inst., in Weymouth-street, Portland-place, the lady of 11. S. Montagu, Esq., of a daughter. On the 10th inst., at Telbridge-park, the lady of G eor ge Raikes, Esq., of a daughter. On the 11th inst., in Green -street, Grosvenor-square, the lady of the Rev. E. Bankes, of a daughter. MARRIED. On the 10th inst., at Durham, Henry Cattley, Esq., of Camberwell, Surrey, to Susan Townsend, daughter of tke late John Warner, Esq., and niece to the Rev. George Townsend, Prebendary of Durham. On the Bth inst., at Swansea, by the Rev. W. Hewson, 8.D., the Rev. Henry Sharpe Pocklington, of Tyellandar, to Amelia Georgina, only daughter of the late Major- General Smyth, Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick and Equerry to his Royal Highness the late Duke of Kent- On the 11th inst., at Speldhurst Church, near Tun bridge Wells, the Rev. Henry Taylor, Rector of Soutb Poole and West Ogwell, Devon, to Matianne Hallifaxy third daughter of Samuel, late Lord Bishop of St. Asap)). DIED. On the 3d inst., in her 15th year, Mary Ann Webb, eldest daughter of Mr. Thomas Moore, Cornwall-terrace, Regent's-park. On the 12th inst., in A,bingdon-street, Westminster, aged '76, Mr. Gabriel Riddle, late Surveying Genera Examiner of Excise. On the 9th inst., at Norwood, Mr. T. W. Weightinan, of Queen-street, Cheapside, aged 38. On ,the 11th inst., aged 52, George Dryden Millet, Esq., of Queen's buildings, Brampton. On the 10th inst., at Liverpool, Mr. James- M'Andreiro of London, in the 24th year of Idsage. On the 13th inst., Maria Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Foster Reynolds, Esq., of South Lambeth. On the 10th inst., at Pimlico, John Jackson, LIT:, in the '7sth year of his age. fonuerly of Li s b on an d Ri o d e J ane i ro. O On the 9th inst,, at his ho use i n Gl asgow , A rc hib a ld g lth inst., a t hi s apartments , A run d e l -stree t, Bo i g Strand, rsv, hnt Ee in his 59th yeaw, J. Medley, Esq., formerly of Yor4bire. At his house at Aberaman, Glamorganshire, Anthony Bacon, Esq., of Aberaman, and of Elcott, Berkshire. On the 12th inst., at Qttidenham, the seat of her uncle,. the Earl of Albemarle, Mrs. William Wakefield. This accomplished and beautiful young lady has fallen a victim to a broken heart, in consequence of the distant imprisonment, away from his friends and connections, of her youthful hus - band, who, in a• inadvertent moment, joined his elder brother in the mad prank of taking away a young lady to Gretna Green. Mrs. Wakefield was the only doughter of Sir John Sidney, Bart., of Perishutst-place, Kent, to which 'place her remains are to, he removed, and great niece to Mr. Coke, of Holkhatn.. She has left one infant daughter, six months old. . _ _ On the ad inst., the wife of Nathaniel Clayton, Esq., of Newcastle-upon- Tyne, and " The. Cheaters" in Nor thumberland. Her remains were interred in quite a pri- • vete manner in the family vault at Warden, on Wednes day last, in all that constitutes true female worth and exc ell en ce, she was surpassed by-none of her sex. Cha ritable, humane, and perfectly unostentatious, her good deeds will long be held in grateful remembrance by those who have to lament the loss. of a generous and most amia ble benefactress. On the 10th inst. at Burghfteld Rectory, near Reading - . Berke, the Rev. Matthew Robinson, Rector of that pariwhs and nephew of the late Lord Rokeby. Paiwrat and PUBLISHED by M. YOUNG, at the SlM?.Onto:, NO. 112, strad. WEL J• } tion of I Nitrurks, at this se Article, 1 Gentry, i for all ex Per, I.lea sent Slab when dry venting. ii can it be on rough of planlr4 other Pai with the use (Ohic Public.art map be in J. R. '` )1011 1, be to cou nno Chocolate N 3 erlia an, culiarly Imperial they nay beral allot Recently ELI " All tl wife, chip thrown ui and origin tic kind it ing a play certain de in matter we have e. " Thi s i tertaining dently ape correct vie the human " This Novel; tb are glad amusing 'I scene. H riaoreover, " Now the mann; --London " This : tons are v: " The d portraits of of manners are well 60. while the c of the subjl --let us ad Powerful it " Indep i bovel-writi ruerit. It o f Pure sen 44114 ing ac iognec,, " This The reflect learns resl habits of t 1 Scotsman. " It is I our counts We do not e ornplete si forded in Mo nt h ly I " This' of Chinese knowledge, Chinese, I] the reports superficial. " We r and if any counsel the Fair Cousil of Fum H A N 1 - 31. TM terninal Pains, 80 subjects a] c ases, togel a nd !ao utib the one it the other I state of del in Impote while Co w Nervou s of this ma which a in ful practice adopted b 1 evils reeuli 13 Y C. R. Printed land, No. E Paternoste Walker, 9( M arah, Bro o k, 0 in tow n ar " Amor of the day, Syphilis, a of the hig at te rt tion happetftp eubject of views tab warnine a and we mi written wi Literary IR NEW and ATED E HIS solid prod s ing ACID GA process ne Public wit versal most distin the Gaseou with the p thus prod u able substit by Chemie /Taws. Public and long and vi of perfectio distance fr v antage of approximat PreParret boratory, Is. 6d., R Chemists, I Seckville-11 bur g h ; a i s , :be respect itir : It h i ltutific 1 1 -41 obi t Attt ik kr ante Itak