The Sun. — London, England, 1861-10-05 00:00:00

LFRED MELLON'S PROMENADE CONCERTS. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. LAST NIGHT BUT SIX. The Last VOLUNTEER NIGHT THIS EVENING, on w hich occasion the Programme will consist of a Miscella n.aous Selection, and include Part Songs sung by 400 Mem bers of the National Choral Society, under th e di rec ti on o f Mr. G. W. Martin.—Russian Music, conducted by Prince George Galitzln,—Bcethoven's Battle Piece, performed by the Orchestra, and the Bands of the Victoria Rifles and the City of London Rifle Brigade.—Songs by Mdlle. PAREPA, Miss POOLE, and Mr. V. RIGBY.--Grand Selection from La Traviata, arc., dtc. Commence at a Promenade, is. Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. On Monday, Haydn's CREATION (the entire work). On Wednesday next, for the Benefit of Miss Julia Woolf. On Saturday (the last night of the Concerts) for the Bene fit of Mr. Alfred Mellon. HEA TR 1 .1. R Y AL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Bnokstoue. THIS EVENING the nerforreanoes will commence with FAINT HEART NEVER WON FAIR LADY . Alter which, a new Comedy, e ntitled THE SOFT SEX. Mr. C. M a th ews, Mr. Buckstone: Mr. Compton, Mr. E.Villiers, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Wilkins, &O. With PAUL PRY MARRIED AND SETTLED. Paul Pry (in a new position), Mr. C. Mathews. I'o conclude with A KISS IN THE DARK. Commence a 7. ) OYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-- U Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, THE RENDEZVOUS. A (ter which, a new and original comedy, in five acts, writ ten by John Brougham, entitled PLAYING WITH FIRE ; characters by Mr. John Brougham (his 7th appearance), Mr. Ryder, Mr. H. Widdicombe, Mr. G. - Jordan (of the principal theatres of the United States, his 7th appearance in Eng. land), Miss C. Lelciercq, and Mrs. Weston. With THE GARIBALDI EXCURSIONISTS. oyAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Manager--Mr. Edmund Falconer. 12 HIS EVENING, A MIDSUMMER'S EVE. /We^ which, at Eight o'clock, the new and success fut comedy of WOMAN; or, Love against the World. UN meters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Veen, Robins, Mrs. Charles Young, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray, and Hiss Lydia Thomson. fo conclude with AN UNPROTECTED FEMALE, in which Miss Lydia Thompson will danee a New Volunteer Quick Step. Prices as usual. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 till 5. NE W TEMA TRE-RO YAL, a Sole PrOprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. Open for the Winter Season. VIIS EVENING, MUSIC HATT' CHARMS. Messrs. D. Ostler, Romer, Warde, Misses K. Kelly and Laidlaw. After which (242 d time% THE COLLEEN BAWN. Mr. q 4 .n/cicault, D. Fisher, Billington, S. Emery, Stephenson, smith, Romer, Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boueicault, Miss Wollgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. H. Lewis. 'l' )conclude with LOVE AND HUNGER. Messrs. Fisher, C. J. Smith, Mrs. H. Marston, and Miss K. Kelly. Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7. I ANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS, AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. Mr. SAM COWELL every evening at Nine and a quarter tc Al even. Also, Grand Selections from TROVATORE, TIiAVIATA, NORNIA, MARTHA, &a, Dy Miss Russell, Miss Ernst, Mr. Herbert, Signor Tivoli Mr. Morley, and a powerful Chorus. The Comic department comprise 4 Messrs. Harvey and French. " The Nerves "—Mr. Marshall—Mr. Wood and his talented Son—and Miss Harriet Coveney. Musical Director, Mr. Jonghmans. Admission—Hall, 6d. ; Stalls and Balcony, ls. 11HE 0 X F ORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET. EVERY EVENING. Selections from Auber's New Comic Opera, LA CIRCAS SIENNE by Madame Enderssohn, Mr. Greene, Mr. H. Herbert. and the Company. Also from Verdi's new Grand opera, "Simon Boccancgra," by Miss Russell, Messrs. Mor ley, Greene, C. Greville, and the Company. Full band and chorus. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. Varied Comic Entertainments by Mr. and Master Wood, Harvey and French (The Nerves), Mr. E. Marshall, and Mr.W. Randall. Hall, 6d. ; Balcony and Stalls, is ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TT"Is DAY.—Morning, 2h. 10m.—Afternoon, 2h. 30m. TO-MORROW. -Morning, 2h. 50m.—Afternoon, 3h. 13m. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, Ocromit 5, 1861. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 65—highest since noon yesterday. 50—lowest this morning and during the night. 63—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.07. WlND—South-Weeterly—light ; with fine weather, bui rather dull. Heavy fog in the morning. ' .0 7 ' fr:i74'....,i, t , /,.?- ' - 7r, 4. '. :.- / : .1 . A 'lf - ...‘-,•-,' A 4 a- .4 .-.-. ? A . ,„....e.:4 4t 1 ),..,,)t...4.. ,01 - N. ,---- .. rt _ . 7-t., , y. ~a,,,,.. > l ' i"-"t•---,Fri.."------4—.,,,,,i'' ;.,;t .-i,t, N= ~2 ~~ THE SUN. LONDON,I SATURDAY, OCT. 5, 1861. How quickly, in these days of rapid information, the events of weeks and months pass into the domain of history ! Probably the majority of our readers could better remember the dates of the Conquest, of the Execution of CHARLES " the Martyr of Blessed Memory," and of the glorious Revolution, than they could the dates of the chief American events which have jug occurred almost beneath their eyes. We remember the succession of them, but when we recollect the days when eaeh took place, we are alternately surprised at the length or the shortness of the time which has elapsed since. It may be not uninteresting to recal briefly the outline of the course things have taken during the last eleven months, for it is during that time that Secession has been active. On the 6th of last November Mr. LINCOLN was elected by the decisive. majority of 180 votes out of the 303 which consti tute the electoral college, and only four days after wards the South Carolina Legislature passed the bill for a Convention, which, on the 20th of Decem ber following, unanimously passed the secession ordinance, and invited the other States to join it. Only ten days after this the rebel State seized on the arsenals and other Federal property, and com pelled Major ANDERSON to retire into Fort Sumter. Amid these scenes Congress met on the 4th of December as usual ; BUCHANAN sent in his merely expostulatory message, proving, what every one knew, that the constitution made no provision for secession, but almost encouraging the South by his view of their claims on the North. On the 18th of the same month the famous Crittenden Resolutions were brought forward, the chief object of which was to restore the old boundary line of 36.30 North between freedom and slavery in the territories, but which also proposed that the North should pay for fugitive slaves which the South could not recover, and that the South and slavery should share in all territory hereafter to be acquired. With South Carolina out of the union, and hopeless debates in Congress, the year 1860 passed away. Secession opened with great spirit at the com mencement of the new year. On the 9th of January the Carolinians fired on the Star of the West when it attempted to relieve Fort Sumter. On the 11th three more States, Missouri, Alabama, and Florida, passed secession ordinances. On the 19th Georgia followed, on the 26th Louisiana, and on the Ist of February Texas. On the 4th of February these seven States met in Secession Congress at Montgomery, and on the 9th issued a new provisional constitution for a new indepen dent Federation to the ci v ili sed madeworld. andTh droisucguhsi Through out the month futile efforts Were sions held in Congress all aiming at compromise and peace. Mr. SEWARD made a very grand ca raproL raise oration on the basis of the 36.30 boundary line, Thd Senate's Committee, the Border States and the Virginian Peace Convention, all put forth their schemes to reconcile parties of whom, as the course of events soon showed, one was determined to be an independent State, the other not to consent to breaking up the Union, or to surrender free soil to the Slave States. It is noteworthy that, on the Vth of February, after some vacillation and even rescinding of former votes, Congress agreed by a maiority of 133 to 65, " that no amendments of the constitution should give Congress the power to abolish. slavery in any state where it existed." And also, that the iMorrill Tariff, so defiant of the South and of European nations, passed almost unopposed through a Congress nearly ex purgated of its Southern members. On the 4th of March the new President en -1:""14 " big Offi ce, and delivered his Delphic In ' augural. It was as pacific as it well could be, strongly Unionist, proved to demonstration that secession was unlawyerlike, but unfortunately wholly overlooked the fact that it had become a question not for lawyers, bat for soldiers, and that all his irrefutable reasonings were but so much idle breath. A kind of lull succeeded, no one seem ing to know what to do, at least not in the North. In the South they knew well enough, as the bat teries which were environing Fort Sumpter, and their civil proceedings also, showed. But it was in April the whole course of things was changed. Being apprized that Fort Sumpter would be relieved by the PRESIDENT, the Carolinians attacked it on the 11th, and on the 14th the blood ' less victory was gained which, however, raised the blood of the North to the boiling point. The record for April is, indeed, a different one to that for March. On the 15th we had the PRESIDENT'S proclama tion of war, calling out 75,000 militia, followed on the 17th by JEFFERSON DAVIS' counter proclama tion, and proffering letters of marque. On the 19th LINCOLN retaliated to the threat of privateers by a proclamation of blockade. Then came the first bloodshed that by the Baltimore mobs, who killed some of the militia marching to the defence of the threatened Capital. On the 19th Harper's Ferry, the great Government Arsenal and manufactory of arms, was destroyed by the Federalists to prevent its falling into the hands of the Virginians, who were marching on it, and the troops escaped across the river. The next day the Federalists had to burn the Gosport Navy Yard, destroying eleven ships, mounting 606 guns, besides a large quantity of stores, lest they should fall into their enemy's hands. While the PRESIDENT, seeing things becoming more serious, issued his second proclamation of blockade, and demanded 42,000 three years volunteers, and 18,000 seamen. The North was in a noisy, marching, arming ferment—a " sublime uprising," as it was termed by their own writers—though we must confess that to our Euro pean eyes it wanted almost every element of subli mity. Its object—a compulsory reunion with slavery that they might be as territorially great as ever, has always, to us, appeared the very reverse of sublime. May and June were marked by few events of importance,. In the former month the Montgomery Congress issued its letters of marque, Virginia took arms "to resist aggression ;" and joined the Southern Confederacy ; Western Virginia sepa rating from the Eastern part. SEWARD also uttered his awful warnings to European Powers, and the Americans were generally very angry that we should recognise the South as " belligerents." Early as June, the 3d, poor DOUGLAS died, the man whose " squatter sovereignty" doctrine had done so much to nurse the arrogance of slaveholders. In the same month the Secessionists were obliged to evacuate Harper's . Ferry, and the Confederates were defeated by General LYON in Missouri, JACK SON, the Governor, being driven away ; and the Wheeling Convention in Western Virginia choose the State officers. July brought forth more important events. The extraordinary Congress met on the 4th, the anni versary of American independence, and the PRE SIDENT sent his second message, in which he had laid it down that the contest was one of world wide importance—slavery trivial to it—it was whether Republicanism could hold its Own— whetter " Ballots or Bullets" should decide in civilized communities. At the same time he de manded 400,000 men and 400,000,000 dollars, to which the " sublime" voting of Congress added a ' nundred thousand and a hundred million respec tively. Then, in the middle of July, 12th, 13th, and 14th, came M'CLELLAN'S successes in Western Virginia, driving the Confederates before him in first-rate style; while Congress, still in the most exalted state of patriotism, passed a resolution to grant " any amount of men and money to suppress permanently" the rebellion against the Union. It was the 21st of July, however, which gave to this kind of patriotism so much of the appearance of JOHN GILPIN-like boasting. Bull's Run, and the battle there on that day are not likely soon to be forgotten. It taught, however, to the North, ,he great lesson which they needed, that they must [earn to obey as well as to brag, and to convert the hundreds of thousands of men into soldiers and an army, if they meant to conquer. Since then they seem to have been steadily aiming at that object, and after two months drilling the season has arrived when the " Grand army of the Poto mac," must begin to move if it is to move at all. What will be the result of movement in Vir ginia we cannot even pretend to conjecture. The North is probably superior in numbers, is cer tainly superior in guns and all the materiel of war, and must, one would think, be thoroughly deter mined not to have another Bull's Run. But the --- South has able commanders, and a number of men which, behind entrenchments, must be fully equal to a much larger number attacking them. And if ;he North has a name to regain, the South has a reputation to sustain' Our information is also, we imagine, very imperfect as to the real number on each side. The South were always prudently silent, and the North has learned the desirable- nese of following its example. The South have shown at Springfield, in Missouri, and at Lex ington that they are not to be despised, if in sufficient numbers, though these successes cannot be compared in importance with that at Cape Hatteras. The North has two weapons which the South cannot match, one the navy, he other abolition of slavery. Anything like complete reunion of the South to the North can result only from the employment of both weapons. Should Northern arms locally prevail, they can never conquer the immense territory of the Slave States without having first made to themselves friends of the slaves—without rooting out what would be the cause of renewed quarrels even if a reunion were attempted, and without creating an identity of civil and social relations .n the States which should be reunited. As surely as September and October come round, so surely we have occasion to record one convivial meeting after another among our friends the agri culturists. And we are never tired of so doing. The practice is immemorial. The festivities of this season, in fact, partake of the character of a sacred rite and obligation. " When ye have gathered in the fruit of the land, ye shall keep a feast to the LORD." There can assuredly be no indecorum in our thus quoting the words of _Leviticus (ch. xxiii. v. 39), in reference to anything so ancient as these same harvest -home merry -makings or feasts of the ingathering. For, call them how we may, nowa days, they are nothing less antique or classical than assemblies of that precise character. What though the talk at these autumnal festivities may be of a nature altogether undreamt of by the Pagan wor shippers of Isis or of CERES, no less than by the Hebrew reapers who brought q a sheaf of the first fruits of the harvest unto the priest"—these modern agricultural assemblies of ours are identically the same in their character, in their origin, in their tendency, as those dating back to the remotest times—familiar to every epoch, e very land, and every creed. Anything whatever that may be said about agricultural chemistry, about the rotation of crops, about deep drainage, the subsoil, Baron LIEBIG, steam-ploughing, and so forth, fails utterly to deprive these convivial meetings among our agriculturists of those vene rable associations that are inseparable from them. Familiarity cannot possibly bring them into con tempt. Use cannot pall their infinite variety. In themselves they are so homely and so patriarchal of their kind that they are beyond the reach of ever being vulgarized. They are always welcome to us. We always turn to them with interest. And we always note the more salient incidents connected with them here and there throughout the country, with the liveliest and most unaffected satisfaction. During several years past, there has been one of those local festivities that—occurring though it does, autumn after autumn, in a rather out-of-the-way corner of these islands, up in the north of Ireland —has fixed the attention of very many of the pub lic at large throughout the United Kingdom by reason of its assuming to itself, increasingly, a peculiarly interesting and in some respects excep tional character. It is the annual entertainment, we are here alluding to, given season after season to her tenantry at Carnlough by FRANCES ANNE the Marchioness of LONDONDERRY. Who is there that reads the public journals at all who has not long since become perfectly familiar with it ? There was the last of these entertainments, the one given on Thursday se'nnight, the 26th of this last Septem ber—an assembly of which we published the par ticulars in The Sun of Monday evening, but to which we would here revert once more very briefly. According to the yearly custom of the muni ficent entertainer upon these occasions, Lady LONDONDERRY was there at the en tertainment, and towards the close of it —also according to annual custom—availed herself of the opportunity to address her tenant farmers at once as a great landed proprietress and as the truest friend of her tenantry. It is only necessary to read the purport of these earnest, heart felt speeches addressed year by year (not with diminishing interest, but with increasing interest) to her own people by Lady LONDONDERRY to appreciate to the full how ,thoroughly the Marchioness, for one, is conscious of the re sponsibilities inalienably associated with the possession of great wealth. Her ladyship has earned the right to say as she was enabled to say, on Thursday week last, at Carnlough— earning this right by a solid and happy experi ence—" I have the vanity to fancy that my lectures and warnings have been of service, because you well know that, although my advice is given in all due humility, yet it is always with a sincere and anxious desire for your own good." Finding occa sion still to deplore the actual state of things yet visible in several parts of the estate, in regard to some of the farms, in regard to some of the houses, and so forth, the owner of the property could nevertheless congratulate herself and her hearers upon the fact that progress had been made. In tes timony of which it would have been almost sufficient to have mentioned the one surprising circumstance, that whereas in 1858 (only three years ago) their were merely twenty-seven acres of flax, then, in cul tivation, that number has been increased now to one hundred andfifty acres ! Beyond this, however, Lady LONDONDERRY could say to her tenantry (with what satisfaction any conscientious landed proprietor may readily conjecture), " I hear that the different schools on the estate are prospering and progressing, and, thanks to the excellent system and valuable aid of the National Board, there are good schools •in almost all the townlands, and it is really your fault if your children are not properly educated." It is signi ficant enough, moreover, of th e feelings that prevail, there, between the landlady and the tenantry—that the Marchioness of LONDONDERRY found occasion, in the course of her remarks, to speak thus in regard to a local incident, " You have expressed gratitude to me for the road I have lately made through Bally, voddy, and I hope it will be of great advantage in opening out thai mountainous district, where it really made my heart ache to see an industrious set of people beset with difficulty and almost imprisoned. But I must do you the justice to say," added Lady LONDONDERRY, "that you have worked hard, and given all the aid in your power to forward this object, and those who do not participate in the benefits it will confer were not sparing of their exertion and trouble. This shows the advantage of a good pull, a strong pull, and a pull all together, and proves what may be ac complished by the tenantry cordially uniting, I was going to say with the proprietor, but I ought rather to say with the agent, for he has been himself early and late superintending this road "—That is the road through Ballyvoddy, the recognition of the grievous necessity for which had, as Lady L')NDONDERRY unaffectedly remarked, made her heart ache, and the generous construction of which road had elicited (and no wonder) the no less unaffected expression of the gratitude of the tenantry in the immediate locality. The proceedings p upon the o ccas i on o f t hi s enter tainment at Carnlough on Thursday se'nnight _ were, it will have been observed, rendered addi tionally interesting by a brilliant speech addressed to the assembly by one of the most distinguished guests of Lady LONDONDERRY—Sir HUGH CAIRNS, the gifted Solicitor-General in Lord DERBY'S Government. Altogether there is abundant evidence, .we repeat, recognisable at a glance in these annual festivities at Carnlough, that in one conspicuous instance amongst us—an instance, however, that, . - although very conspicuous, is happily no t by any means isolated—there is a perfect understanding that wealth carries with it a solemn weight of re- sponsibility. Yet if it carries with it that solemn burden of duties to be discharged, it carries with it also the no less solemn promise of reward—Euge, bone serve, pia in modico fuisti fidelis, eris potes. &dem habeas super decem civitates, Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam bridge and the Princess Mary return to St. James's Palace on the 10th inst. from Germany. Their Highnesses the Princes Constantino and Marcel Czartoryski have left the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn s treet, on their return to Paris and Vienna, His Excellency the Ambassador of France and the Countess de Flahault and Miss Elphinstone de Flahault return to Coventry House on or about the 10th inst. from Tulliallan, Scotland, where they have been receiving com pany. The Marquis of Clanricarde has taken a resi dence in Stratton-street, Piccadilly, for a term of years. The Earl and Countess of Errol are expected at their mansion in Grafton-street in a few days from Slaine4 Castle, Aberdeenshire. The Countess of Yarborough and Lady Sophia Pelham have arrived at Manby Hall, Lincolnshire, from a tour on the continent. Viscountess Jocelyn leaves Walmer Castle to day on a visit to Viscount and Viscountess Palnierston at Broadlands. Mr. and Lady Margaret Beaumont are enter. taining a select party at their seat Bretton Hall, Northum berland. Mr. and Mrs. Kessler have arrived at Fenton's Hotel from Lancashire. Mr " Watts Sherman has left Fenton's _Hotel for Paris. There is no truth about the Italian Govern ment having made any recent representations to the Frenok Cabinet touching the affairs of Rome, THE SErN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 5, 1861. While raising its discount last time the Bank of France has likewise reduced the rate of loans on securities. Instead of giving 80 per cent, on Government securities, it will give henceforth only 60, and on other securities 40 in stead of 60. Applying this scale on the loans which figured in the last balance sheet, that is 30,000,000 of Government securities and 57,000,000 of others, it will reduce the pay ments by 26,000,000 to 27,000,000. THE AUSTRALIAN COLONIES.—The Emigration Commissioners will despatch the Jesse Munn for Queens land with emigrants on the 21st of the present mouth, being the last ship they are likely to send out to any of the Australian colonies for some time to come, having no further funds in hand ; consequently a further reduction of the extra clerks is anticipated at the end of the year.—Civil Service Gazette. GOLD IN THE RED RIVER SETTLEMENT.—The report concerning the finding of gold on the Seskatchewan River is confirmed by the arrival at St. Cloud, Minnesota, of the express from the Selkirk settlement, Hudson's Bay territory. A small party had arrived at Fort Garry with 1,00 dols. in gold dust, which they dug on the Saskatche wan about one thousand miles from the confluence with Lake Winnepeg.—Canadian News, Oct. 3. GOLD IN NORTH WALES.—We learn that the Clogan Mines, near Dolgelly, in Merionethshire, gave for the fortnight ending last Friday nearly 13i1b. weight of gold, or exactly as much as weighed down 630 sovereigns at the Bank scale. This makes 1501 b. weight received since Christmas last, and is far in excess of the probable yield anticipated in the paper read on the subject at the meeting of the British Association. A correspondent of the Builder calls attention to a piece of clerical Vandalism recently perpetrated at Kings ton-on-Thames. The vicar of the church of St. Andrew has had the ancient rood-screen removed, "under the wanton pretext that it obstructed the view of the chancel and the lantern, which said lantern he has disfigured by painting the mortar-lines black, which gives it a most ridiculous appearance." THE ARMY.—The right wing of the first battalion of Grenadier Guards, commanded by Colonel Percy, arrived at King's-cross station about 6 p.m. yesterday from Liver pool, en route from Ireland, and marched, headed by the band, from the station to the Tower. The left wing was left at Stafford by the right en route. The liquidators of the Western Bank of London announce, through Mr. F. Maynard, the accountant, that they have succeeded in selling, on advantageous terms, two of the three houses at Kensington belonging to the com pany, and which constitute nearly the whole of the remain ing assets. They will thus be enabled to make a further distribution on the 14th inst. of £3, making a total pay ment of £4l on each £5O share. DEATH OF MRS. CLARKE.—We regret to have to announce the death of this venerable lady, the mother of Mr. E. R. Clarke, so well-known in racing circles, and which took place on the 21st ult., at Headingley, near Leeds. Mrs. Clarke was in her eighty- third year, and was much respected in the neighbourhood for her kindness of heart. Mr. E. R. Clarke was telegraphed from Doncaster on Friday night week, and arrived before his parent's decease.--Er a. FATAL ACCIDENT AT HASTINGS.—On Tuesday last an inquest was held at Hastings on the body of a lady named Mallet, the widow of the late Mr. John Mallet, of Stoke Newington. She was walking with some friends on the Carlisle-parade, where she was staying, when, stepping back without precaution, she fell from the parade on to the beach below, and suffered so severely from the shock, though no bones were broken, that she died in four hours. A suggestion to the jury to recommend that a fencing be placed was not acceded to, on the ground that it would de stroy the beauty of the walk by the beach, and a verdict of accidental death simply was returned. THE HOLBORN MURDER.—Steps are being taken with a view to procure the remission of the penalty of death in the case of Wm. Cogan, now under sentence in New gate, for the murder of his wife in Newton-street, Holborn. A petition to the Home Secretary has been signed by the prisoner's aged father, and a considerable number of respect able householders. It represents that the evidence for the prosecution was not reclusive, as Dr. Paine stated that the wound of which the deceased died might have been self-inflicted. The petitioners further urge that it was clearly shown from the evidence that deceased had struck him only a very short time previous, that they had both been drinking, and that Cogan was in a state of almost un consciousness from the effects of what he had taken, that he had been always an affectionate husband to the deceased, and that his general character was that of a quiet, inoffen sive man. The petition will be presented by Mr. Lewis this afternoon, and it will be accompanied by one from the convict himself, in which he states that he is wholly igno rant of everything that took place on the night in question except that he received the wound in his throat ; that the deceased repeatedly threatened, and on two occasions actu ally attempted his life. The wound in the prisoner's throat is not yet completely healed. GROSS OUTRAGE ON A GlRL.—Seven young men were on Thursday lodged in Glocester county prison on a charge of a diabolical outrage upon a young girl in the turn pike-road between Cheltenham and Glocester on Tuesday night. The names of the accused, all of whom belong to Cheltenham, and some are known to the police, are—Wm, Bowen, Henry Chandler, Joseph Parker, Thos. Wheeler, Chas. Adcock, H. E. Cox, and W. Haines. They are all youths between 15 and 20 years of age. It appeared that they had been together to attend the annual " mop" or sta tute fair at Glocester, where all the loose characters of the district annually muster, and were returning to Chelten ham by the road with two others, when they met a young woman named Dorcas Davis, who lives at the village of Churchdown, midway between Chelteham and Gloucester. The party on meeting the young woman set upon her, threw her down, and in spite of her screams and resistance she was abused by two or three of the brutal party. In her struggles to escape from her assailants the poor girl, who was only 16, had her clothes torn to shreds, and her person shockingly bruised. They were followed to Cheltenham, and the police succeeded in capturing seven of the party, the others being at present unknown. DEATH ON THE HILL.—A young man, about 20 years of age, has lost his life on the Cairnwall Mount, be tween Spittal of Glenshee and Castleton-of-Braemar. On Friday last he went from the Spittal to the Castleton with the mail car, as the usual driver had been unwell that night, and was unfit for the duties of the way. The deceased, it appears, was not well acquainted with the wild dangers of this perilous route, yet he went safely, and was returning late on Friday night, or early on Saturday morning. When on the north of that ominously named triangle on the road known as the "Devil's Elbow," one of those wild and sudden onsets of storms peculiar to these regions came on with fearful violence, and, it is supposed, dimmed the vision of the traveller, who, being but a stranger, got con fused, and lost his way in the thickening storm of drifting snow. At all events he was found on Saturday lying at the foot of a precipitous bank at the side of the road, quite dead, and apparently the car had gone too close on the edge of this dangerous spot, and down had gone the whole. The youth belongs to Blairgowrie.—Dundee Courier. PEARL FINDING.—In the towns where the Armadors and speculators have fixed their headquarters during the season, there is only one subject of conversation ; no one taking the slightest interest in anything but pearls. At every dinner-table they are handed round, admired, criticised, and compared with well-remembered beauties of former years. The " water" is tested in a mysterious way, by gently rolling a few together in the palm of the hand. Every shade of difference it is possible to find between one pearl and another has its distinguishing appellation—the Spanish language being well fitted to describe in a graphic manner those minute peculiarities which it requires the eye of an " expert" observer to discover. Occasionally a pearl appears which cannot be classed under any recognized title, and excitement amongst connoisseurs is immense. A very large and beautiful one was found in the Bay of Mulage, in August, 1859, believed to be unique. The Indian who opened the oyster containing it made an at tempt to conceal the brilliant prize, but was betrayed by his own evident confusion and excitement. It consisted of six pearls clustered together in a very curious and beauti ful manner. Two large "jargonels" of purest water were joined to each other at right angles, the neck being encircled by a collar of four smallerpearls. It was purchased by the agent of a European dealer, who declared that the Empress of the French should have the first offer of it. Pearls of remarkable form are not, Irowever, in general so valuable as those which can be more easily matched, as the great object of every collector is to form a complete" set." —St. James's Magazine. TTIE MONTENEGRINS.--But the chief outlet for heir ferocity, or rather, perhaps, the secret cause of their lawlessness at 'home, is to be found in their continual struggle with the Turks. Liable to an inroad at any mo ment, it is necessary that all the men should be skilled in arms. Out of a population of about 120,000, it is estimated that between 20,000 and 30,000 armed men might be collected in the course of a few hours, and that this number could be increased by the addition of old men and boys. In cases of emergency, even the cripples are borne on the backs of women and lodged behind bits of rock, whence t hey can load and discharge their guns. None of these, however, can be considered regular troops. At the moment of extreme peril they waive their jealousies and obey their officer, but at other times they have no law but their own will. Boing inured to privations, they perform with ease and alacrity very long and forced marches. They do not scruple to use their long rifles as leaping-poles, and so are able to cross wide ditches and scramble up steep rocks, which would greatly impede more disciplined soldiers. On foot they can pursue the enemy with almost as much rapidity as a body of cavalry. When he is marching towards them, they conceal themselves in ravines, and send out small parties, who advance a little and then feign a retreat, until he is enticed into the ambush. Here they surround him and fight, chiefly with their broadswords, much more like the heroes of Homer's time than modern Christians, each man relying solely on his own strength, and following pretty much his own way. Their favourite time of attack is the night, that suiting best for surprises. When they meet a foe in pitched battle, they rush furiously into the squares, and, if they do not succeed in destroying the ranks, they at any rate greatly discompose them 1:4 , their rapid manoeuvres,—Ono 0 Pa. EMANCIPATION: A SONNET TO AMERICA. Half-hearted, double-minded, nerveless, aimless ! Thou can'st not conquer in this strife, until Thou bast achieved High Judgment's awful will; Then, shalt thou quell Rebellion fierce and shameless : There is one only way ; one generalship : Three million bloodhounds baying in its rear Must check the front of insurrection here Let Justice triumph; give that leash the slip; _ _ - - And thus, by their own crimes, thyself being blameless, Thou shalt smite down the guilty, thigh and hip : Let loose the slaves I bid but that word go forth, And, by their freedom writ in blood and fire, This mad Rebellion must perforce expire, And the crusht South come truckling to the North. MARTIN F. TUPPER. The Princess Mary of Solms (nee Bonaparte) has just died at Baden Baden, at the age of 27, of inflampation of the brain, from which she had suffered for a month. The princess had not long returned from France. FIFTY YEARS SINCE.—HaIf a century ago all the great capitals of Europe, although then not half their pre sent size, were dangerous residences to their honest inhabi tants, and unmanageable in regard to police supervision; owing to the difficulty of obtaining sufficient artificial light during the long dark nights of winter. The growth of population that has since taken place, and the development of the resources of our own and other countries, would pro bably have been impossible without the discovery and rapid introduction of some means of economically and effectually lighting the streets and alleys, which had long served as the haunts of thieves and dangerous characters of all kinds. It is not too much to say that, in this matter alone, the introduction of artificial light has been the main agent employed in effecting a social improvement, compared with which all others are secondary. The millions of cubic feet of gas now burnt nightly in our streets are, beyond compari son, the best, the most permanent, and the least expensive source of security that could have been introduced, and have served, more than anything else, to check those deeds of wrong and violence that darkness cannot fail to shelter, and invariably fosters.—Poptilar Science Review. The rioting at theatres when Italian singers first attempted operas in London, in its violence, and its success in banishing them for a time, might excite our doubt of its truth, could we not remember similar scenes enacted a few years ago when a company of French actors intended to occupy Drury-lane. In the end, musical art triumphed; but victory was not won without the battle. It was chiefly due to individual energy, and that of the humblest class, that concerts became fashionable and regularly estab lished in London. The first meeting deserving the name was held in a remote part of the town, unfit for genteel resort, and,when reached,deficientin proper accommodation. "It was in the dwelling of Thomas Briton—one who gained his livelihood by selling about the streets small-coal, which he carried on his back—that a periodical perform ance of music took place, to which were invited people of the first consequence. The house was in Aylesbury-street Clerkenwell ; the room of performance was over the coal shop ; and, strange to tell l Tom Briton's concert was the weekly resort of the old, the young, the gay, and the fair of all ranks, including the highest order of nobility."—St. James's Magazine. THE FLITTING OF THE Sow.—The Laird of Bargainy resolved to humiliate his neighbour and enemy the Laird of Kerse, by a forcible occupation of a part of his territory. For the purpose of making this aggression flagrantly insulting, it was done by tethering or staking a sow or female pig on the lands of Kerse. The animal was of course attended by a sufficient body of armed men for her protection. It was necessary for•his honour that Kerse should drive the animal and her attendants away, and hence came a bloody battle about the flitting of the sow. In the contest Kerse's eldest son and hope, Jock, is killed, and the point or moral of the narrative is the contempt with which the old laird looks on that event, as compared with the grave affair of flitting the sow. A retainer who comes to tell him the result of the battle stammers in his narrative on account of his grief for Jock, and is thus pulled up by the laird— " ' Is the sow flitted ?' cries the eerie, Gie me my answer, short and plain— Ts the sow flitted, yammering wean ?' To which the answer is— ' The sow, deil tak her, 's ower the water, And at their back the Crawfords clatter ; The Carrick couts are cowed and bitted.' Hereupon the laird's exultation breaks forth— ' My thumb for Jock—the sow's flitted.' " —Blackwood's Maggezzne. FOX-HUNTING EXTRAORDINARY.—A few days since the Hon. G. W. Fitzwilliam's hounds were out. They found at Mucklands, and reynard took across Castor field to Mr. White's grounds, at Castor. Here he got over a high wall into that gentleman's shrubberies, which, by his kind permission, were at once drawn, but without effect, and George Carter, the huntsman, seeing Mr. White's kitchen door open went in, and, having borrowed a candle, found a fine cub " earthed" behind a quantity of bottles in the cellar. George at once called his hounds, and down rushed a number of young dogs and rather unceremoniously knocked George (who had hold of the fox with one hand and the candlestick in the other) completely over, putting out the candle and leaving them all in the dark. To com plete the confusion, the girl, hearing a great noise and be coming frightened, locked the door, and shut the huntsman with his hounds in full cry after the fox down in the dark cellar without any means of exit. After some persuasion the girl was induced to open the door, and up came George, the hounds, and the fox, the two former none the worse for their singular run, but poor raynard quite out of breath— in fact defunct.—Stamford Mercury. THE SUBLIME AND THE RIDICULOUS,--Indepen dent of motives of humanity, we are glad that the end of the Union seems more likely to be ridiculous than terrible. To the American people we wish nothing but good. But for our own benefit and the instruction of the world we wish to see the faults, so specious and so fatal, of their political system, exposed in the most effective way. The faults of a system that expires nobly and pathetically are apt to be forgotten in the romance of its end. Had the Union died silent, resolute, devoted, grand, in future ages republican poets and painters might have loved to depict Freedom shrieking at the scene, as she did when Kosciusko fell. But it is impossible to conceive that anything great or noble was involved in the catastrophe of the grand army of the Po tomac, that the muse of history will seriously concern her self even with the Fire Zcuaves, or that any poet or painter, whether American or European, will ever depict Liberty as quitting the earth arm-in-arm with the last of the Presidents. And the venerable Lincoln, the respect able Seward, the raving editors, the gibbering mob, and the swift.footed warriors of Bull's Run, are no malicious tricks of - fortune played off on an unwary nation, but are all of them the legitimate offspring of the great Republic.—Black wood's Magazine. CATCHING SEA BIRDS.—The bird catchers of St. Kilda frequently risk their lives in following the fulmar. Two of them, provided with long ropes, proceed to the edge of a crag. One of them fastens the strongest cord under his arms, and holding the end of the other in his hand, is lowered from the rock. His companion stands a little dis tance from the edge, holding the rope, which is fastened round his waist tightly with both hands, while he allows the signal end to slip away under his foot. So soon as the fowler reaches a slope covered with fulmars, he collects his harvest—he picks up eggs and young, and kills the old birds with a short stick, or catches them with a noose fas tened to the end of a switch. He then fastens the birds together, and seeks a new colony ; till at length, richly laden, he gives the signal to be pulled up. The skill of these island cragsmen is astounding. The smallest surface is sufficient for them to stand on ; and they crawl on hands and knees, when loaded with birds, along the narrowest ledges of rock. Their strength is so great that if the fowler who has been let down makes a false step, and falls the whole length of the rope into the abyss, his comrade saves him and himself by his obstinate resistance. Such strength reminds us of the heroic age. But even more wonderful stories are told. One morning a fowler went out alone. After fastening his cord round a rock, he let himself down till he reached the stop where he hoped to have a good day's work. By cleverly using his feet to swing himself from the Crag, he managed to reach the spot, but neglected to fasten the rope round his body. While collecting the birds it slipped from his hands, oscillated a few times, but at last hung motionless from six to eight feet from his hand. For a moment the cragsman stood in mute horror, almost robbed of his senses by the sudden awfulness of his posi tion. And it was, in truth, frightful ; the rock above him was steep as a wall—the sea below was filled with jagged rocks—there was no chance that, at the depth he was, his voice could reach the ears of his fellow •men. There was only one thing left him—a frightful leap might enable him to seize tho rope and save himself. If he missed death was certain, but bettor so than to die of starvation on the crag. He therefore formed a brave resolution, muttered a short fervent prayer, collected all his strength, and sprang into the vacuum. He lived to tell the deed, for he succeeded in clutching the rope, and returning to his family.—Six penny Magazine. Towards travellers who are not Turks the Monte negrins are always friendly. They rejoice to show kind- ness to strangers. When Sir Gardner Wilkinson was jour- neying in the interior, the poor ran out to meet him as he passed, bearing little presents of fruit, or whatever else they possessed and always refusing remuneration. On one occasion, when he offered money, he was met by the re buko, " Thisis to welcome you; wo are at home ; you are a stranger. If we had known you would offer to pay us, we would not have brought it." They have, however, two modes of welcoming which did not quite please the traveller. They show their pleasuro by firing volleys of powder and shot towards the visitor as ho approaches ; and when ex postulated with, as being likely to cause his death, they answer that life and death are in God's hands, and that no act of theirs can bring about a man's end a moment sooner or later than is decreed. The second objectionable feature is, thalsZentijieguest enters the house, he has to kiss every man on the mouth, while the welcomer lips of the fair sex are only applied to his hands. Who will not sympathise with Sir Gardner when he laments this barbarous iuyersiou of the proprieties r•--0710 a WWI ILAT.E;T NEWS. TURIN, OCT. 5. The report of the resignation of the Governor e Milan, published, by some Turin journals, are um founLied. It is asserted that Francis 11. has appointed Prince / Statella to represent him at Konigsberg. PESTH, OCT. 5. It is affirmed that a pamphlet is being prepared at Vienna by order of the Go vernment, stating its beneficent in tentions, and setting forth its reason for dissolving the Hungarian Diet. This pampl tlet is to be distributed among the Roumains and Sclavonians of Hungary. The rumours of preparations for a descent of Italian Volunteers in Albania and the Herzegovina acquires consistence, CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 4. Montenegro has rejected the conditions under which the Porte bad consented to raise the blockade. The blockade will therefore be rigorously main- tained. The Porte hes submitted a proposal to the Euro pean Commissic►n to the effect that the Porte should issue a Erman acceding to the union of the Prin cipalities during the life of Prince Couza. TOULON, OcT. 4. Troops have embarked here for Rome, in order to replace two regiments of the French garrison in that city. TURIN, OCT. 4. The Opinione of to-day says:— " It is not true that the pamphlet published in Paris on the guarantees to be offered to the Pope by the Italian Government, in the event of the suppression of the temporal power, emanated from the Italian Government." NAPLES, OCT. 4. An aide-de-camp of Borges has been arrested. He was discovered to be the bearer of important documents, among which were lettdrs signed by General Bosco and General Lamoriciere. VIENNA, OCT. 4. The Oesterreichsche Zeitung of to-day announces that the Austro-Italian regiments will to-day be reduced from 100 to 60 men per company, and that further changes are contemplated. BERNE, OCT. 4. The Government of the canton of Geneva has requested the Federal Council to demand satisfac tion from the French government on account of the calumnious assertions of the Constitutionnel that disturbances were frequent in Geneva, and that there was no security for human life. INDIA. BOMBAY, SEPT. 12. Large speculative inquiry for shirtings, and prices are advancing. Twist active, and prices ad vancing. Cotton dull ; Broach, 170. Copper active, and advancing, sheathing, 57r. to 58r. Money plentiful; discount unaltered. Exchange on London, 2s. Odd. ; advancing. Freights declin ing. Cotton, 455. to 50s. Government Securities : Fours, 82E ; do. Fives, 95E ; do. Five-and-a-half, 102 t. CALCUTTA, SEPT. 10. (By Telegraph to Bombay.) Shirtings and 40's mule twist advancing.` Raw silk quiet. Copper, sheathing and tile, 4 annas higher. The indigo crop has been severely damaged by floods. Exchange on London, 2s. Old. Government Securities : Fours, 812 to 811; Five and a half, 102 to 102 k. Freights, 455. to 475. 6d. CHINA. SHANGHAE, AUG. 7 (via Bombay). Opium dull. Exchange on London, 6s. 2d. HONG KONG, Aug. 17. Opium : Patna, 745 ; Malwa, 785, and in demand. Exchange on London, 4s. sd. CHINA. A letter published in the Russian journal, the Amour, states that, on the 13th of June, a caravan of Russian merchants had arrived at Tiagne-Tzine. It had left a town called Toune-Tjoou, about 20 versts from Pekin, embarking in three boats under the Russian flag. The Muscovite traders appear to have found that some English speculators had anticipated them. The Russian report describes the town of Tiagne-Tzine as populous, and the inhabitants actively engaged in traffic with English merchants. The latter had opened about a dozen establishments, well supplied with European goods, but at very high prices. The Chinese shops are principally stocked with English cotton stuffs, manufactured to suit the Chinese market. The Russians were waiting for the arrival of Chinese goods, of which the town contained but a small quantity, and had consequently done a very limited amount of business. BELGIUM. The shareholders of the Belgian-American Com pany, at a general meeting held at Brussels on the 2d inst., passed a resolution for dissolving it, and winding up its business. This decision is taken in consequence of the un certainty of commercial affairs in the American States, which precludes the employment of the capital of the company to any advantage. The partial operations of the society were described as having been successful. FRANCE. A Council of Ministers was held yesterday at St. Cloud, the Emperor presiding. The Emperor yesterday received a letter from the Queen of Spain, announcing the death of the Infanta, Dona Maria, niece of her Majesty, and daughter of the Duke and Duchess de Montpensier. BOURSE, Oct. 4.—The market has been very heavy to day, chiefly owing to numerous " execu tions " connected with the monthly settlement. Threes, for the Account, are now at 68f. 20c., and at 68f. for Cash. The following are the last quotations :- 4t per per Cents ... 96 10 Credit Fonder l2OO . Do mad month.... Belgian 41 .--. .-- 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 30 Roman . 72 25 Bank Shares 2915 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 723 75 Spanish Threes 4Ba, Do. Account 725 -- Home Debt ...... 47i RAILWAYS. C islt. .Account. Orleans Northern New, ditto 905 .. _ Lyons and Mediterranean 1022 50 .. 1025 . Geneva 5 3 9 4 7 2 5 5( 0 ) ..... : 6 : 4 : 5 —_, Southern 642 50 Western Eastern Sardinian .. 355 —. ... . , Austrian Lombard © ......... - EXCAVATIONS IN BELGIUM —ln SODIe excava tions just made at Acoz, near Charleroi, in Belgium, a number of old Roman tombs, containing coins, arms, amphora, &c., were found. The tombs appear to be those of military chiefs; and in the midst of them are a quantity of boners, TILE EDUCATIOIVAL MINUTE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—You were good enough to insert a letter from me, pointing out what I thought was the reason that reading, writing, and arithmetic, did not take a more prominent place in our elementary schools, viz., that they were regarded as mechanical, and so were put in the background. The teachers were induced to devote the best part of their time to " train the faculties" of the children, by lessons on the " philosophy of common things," natural his tory, and I know not what else. I once heard an inspector highly commend a teacher for a lesson on a teapot, in which he elicited from the children in an ingenious manner, how a metal teapot draws the tea better than an earthenware one, and what was the use of the little hole in the lid. The sort of questions which inspectors used to put to a class of children to test their intelligence, and the way they had been taught to observe and reflect upon what was around them, were such as, "How does a pig get up ?" " Why does a cow have horns, while a horse has none ?" When I was in a training college we were taught to give lessons upon such subjects as a lighthouse, a needle, a penknife, an oyster, a piece of sponge. These were " object lessons," and they comprised the serious business of the school. Can it be wondered then, that under such a system, the three R's should be found to suffer ? Yet it was approved and encouraged by the inspectors. Here was the coddling and fondling. But now the whole thing has turned out a failure, the poor certificated master is to bear the odium of it. They are repre sented as not having succeeded in the most impor tant part of their work, and this is alleged as the reason for depriving them of a third of their in comes. The Government have no responsibility in the matter, because the inspectors always gave favourable reports, and the money was pressed upon us. The public are told that £BOO,OOO is annually distributed indiscriminately without any guarantee, and the staff of 60 inspectors, costing each from £5OO to £l,OOO a-year, have been useless for any other purpose except to scatter the money broadcast. The Government had the right machinery, but they did not make good use of it, they possessed a screw capable of being most effectually worked, but they never applied it. This is rather a damaging sort of defence. But it is not true that the examinations have been of this loose character. The minutes of the Committee of Council show that from the first the inspectors have been particularly instructed to see that the public grants are put to good account. The truth is that Government inspection has had the effect of handing over these schools in the most complete manner to the Committee of Council. School managers have practically given up every thing to the inspector, and have looked to his report for an estimate of the condition of their own school. I recollect an instance where a number of gentle men informed the clergyman of a certain school, that if history, grammar, and geography were taught to the children, they should withdraw their subscriptions. The clergyman replied that he had no alternative in the matter, that the inspector insisted upon these things, and he must give way. Consider that a whisper from the inspector to the managers, that all was not right, would compromise the master with his employers, and that a threat to withdraw the grants tanta mount to summary notice for him to quit. Why, the Committee of Council have got these men fear fully in its grasp. The public will hardly credit it, that a person after going through the Training Colleges, and passing a very severe examination, cannot obtain a certificate till he has been three times reported upon, and these reports materially affect the grade and, consequently, the pecuniary value of the certificate. At every annual visitation, the inspector registers a personal report upon the certificate, and at the end of five years it is revised by the central authorities ; if the reports are un favourable, the master is degraded to a lower cissa, and if very favourable, he is raised to a higher. Yet, with all this hold upon him, the Government may have no share of O. e responsibility, therefore he must bear all the blame, and suffer for it. I could show that we have very reasonable grounds for thinking that we shall suffer, but I fear to tres pass too much on your space. I thank you that one, who is deeply affected by the proposed change, is permitted to put in a word upon the subject. We are, fortunately, in this country, not denied the solace of stating our case, even if we have the whole weight of the Government against us. Every grievance, real or supposed, finds an utter ance nowadays, and I sincerely trust that the press will not close its columns against the representa tions of the certificated masters, or any interest threatened by the Educational Minute. A CERTIFICATED TEACHER. WILLS AND BEQUESTS. The will of the Hon. Mrs. Jane Macdonald, wife of the Hon. Archibald Macdonald, was administered to in the London Court on the 21st ult., the execu tors appointed being Mr. James Evan Baillie, of Seymour-place, Curzon-street, Mayfair, and Mr. Alexander Sinclair, of George-street, Edinburgh. The personal property was sworn at £14,000. This lady died possessed of property over which she had the power of disposition. To her husband she be queathed a life interest in the whole of her pro perty, and on his decease it is to devolve to her numerous family, except her eldest son ; leaving an additional sum of £5OO to her eldest daugh ter, and bequeathing the residue of her pro perty equally amongst all her children. Letters of administration of the estate of the Hon. Archi bald Macdonald, formerly of Connaught-place, Hyde -park, but late of Belgrave-terrace, Brighton, were granted by the London Court, on the 12th of August last, to Miss Mary Bridget Macdonald, the daughter of the deceased. The Hon. A. Macdonald died intestate, having survived his wife, whose will we have recorded above, only four months. As in all cases of this kind, the estate will have to be administered in pursuance of the Statute of Dis tribution. The Hon. A. Macdonald, who died at the advanced age of 84, was of a distinguished family, being the third son of Sir Alexander Mac donald, who was afterwards elevated to an Irish peerage.—The will of Mr. Richard Frankum,F.S.A., of Burlington Gardens, surgeon, and of Wolver hampton, was proved in the London Court of Pro bate on the 27th ult. by the executors and trustees, Mr. John Bruce, of Upper Gloucester-street, and Charles Klaftenberger, Regent-street, the personalty being sworn under £12,000. The will bears date the 10th of May last, and the testator died on the 10th of August following. This medical gentle man died possessed of realty as well as personalty. The will contains a great variety of directions, some of them of a peculiar character, and others which entirely turn upon contingent circum stances. The testator has devised freehold estate to Mr. John Bruce, one of his executors, for life, and on his decease to his other executor, Mr. Chas. Klaftenberger, for life, and after his de cease to the testator's niece, Elizabeth, daughter of his brother, James George Frankum, and then to a grandnephew absolutely. The residue of the personalty, after the payment of legacies, &c., is directed to pass in a similar manner as the free hold property. The testator has bestowed the fol lowing legacies on the undermentioned charities : To the London Hospital and University College Hospital, £5O each. To the Mendicity Society and the poor of Wolverhampton, 19 guineas each. There are also legacies left to each of his servants. To his godson, Frankum Martin Merrett, he leaves all his medical books, surgical instruments, and other professional matters. The testator has bequeathed some pictures to the University College, Gower street, upon certain conditions, which, should they not be complied with, are then to be bestowed on the National Gallery. The power of the selection of the paintings and works of art is vested in the executors and trustees.—lllustrated London News. CASUALTY IN THE Box TUNNEL.--0r Monday afternoon the travellers by an up train were thrown into a state of great consternation while proceeding through the tunnel, in consequence of the breaking of the crank aylc of the engine. The train had gone a short distance up the incline of the tunnel, when the axle suddenly snapped, and the train was ',nought to a stand-still. Just about the same time a down train had arrived at the other end of the tun nel, but it was not allowed to continue its course until the up train had made its appearance on that side, the cause of the delay not having been communicated to the officers on duty there. It appears, however, that an extra engine is kept at the tunnel to assist heavy trains up the incline, and this was substituted for the disabled one attached to the up train; but during the time occupied in . this operation the passengers, who were imprisoned in the dark tunnel, and whom it was difficult to assure of the slight nature of the accident, were in a state of considerable alarm. The only inconvenience arising from the breakage was a delay of about three-quarters of 44, hour,—WMl ing424001