The Sun. — London, England, 1861-09-03 00:00:00

fiEORGE HOBSON respectfully invites the lX attention of Gentlemen to his new Autumnal Coatings, Trowserings, and Waistcoatings. The new Shooting Suits, £2 18s. to £3 Ss. The superfine West of England Woaded Black Cloths for Beaufort and Frock Coats, £2 15s. to £3 35. Excellence with Economy. GEORGE HOBSON, 57, LOMBARD-STREET. A LFRED MELLON'S PROMENADE CONCERTS. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. Band of nearly 100 Performers. Mdlle. -PAREPA Every Evening. Commence at. Eight. Promenade, One Shilling. Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. T REATRE•ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buotstone. THIS EVENING the Ballet, BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. Miss Fanny Wright, the Leclercqs, Mr. Webster, &c. Atter which, a new Comedy, entitled THE SOFT SEX. Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Buckstone, Mr. Compton, Mr. E.Villiers, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Wilkins, &c. Followed by PATTER VERSUS CLATTER. To conclude with MY HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence a 7 JEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.- J Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, TILE HOP PICKERS. Supported by Messrs. D. Fisher, J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Billington, Miss Woo.gar, Miss K a te Kelly, &C. Followed by THE MIDNIGHT SPECTRE. Messrs. J. L. Toole and Paul Bedford. To conclude with DOMESTIC ECONOMY. Mr. Toole and Miss K. Kelly. Doors open at half past 6--Commenoe at T. RO YAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Manarzer-3fr. Edmund Falconer. EvERY EVENING, at Eight o'clock, the new and suc cessful comedy, WOMAN; or, Love against the World. Characters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Vezin, j. Robins, Mrs. Charles Young, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray„ and Miss Lydia Thomson. Preceded by, each evening, the new and original farce entitled THE FETCHES ; or, The Onconvanience of Single Life. Tim O'Reilly, Mr. Edmund Falconer; Mary O'BradY, Miss Lydia Thompson. _ Prices as usual. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7 Box-office open daily from 11 till 5. CANTERBURY H ALL CONCERTS, AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. Selections from the following Operas :—NORMA, TRO VATORE, TRAVIATA, MARTHA, UN BALLO IN MASCHERA. The Comic department comprises the Prince of Comic Vocalists, Mr. SAM COWELL, who will appear at Nine and a quarter to Eleven o'clock—Mr. Marshall — Messrs. Harvey and French, "The Nerves "—Mr. Wood and his talented Son - and Miss Harriet Coveney. Musical Director, Mr. Jonghmans. Admission—Hall, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, is. T " 0 X F O R D, 6, OXFORD-STREET. Every Evening Grand Selections from Verdi's " Macbeth " and from his new opera, " Simon Boccanegra" (now produced for the first time in England), by Miss Russell and Madame Enderssohn (her first appearance) ; Messrs. C. Greville, Tivoli, Morley, and H. Herbert, with powerful band and full chorus. Other vocal and instrumental music and varied attractive entertainments of the highest order. The Comic portion by Messrs. M. P. Foster (in his " Life Sketches"), Sam Collins, Harvey, and French (the Nerves), E. Marshall, And W. Randall. Hall, sixpence : Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Privateßoxes, 10s. 6d. Musical Director and Con ductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. DAY.—Morning, 12h. 34m.—Afternoon, 12h. 58m. To-monßow.-Morning, lh. 20m.—Afternoon. lh. 40m. THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 3, 1561. THERMOMETER, IN TIM SHADE. 71—. highest since noon yesterday. 59—lovrest this morning and during the night. 68 —this day at noon. BAuomETzR-29.87 ; still falling. WlND—South-Westerly—rather fresh; with dull weather, and some rain in the morning. Two o'cLocx.—Wind, S.W. ; fresh and very squally, with a heavy shower. It must be blowing a gale in the Channel, and it is well that the Queen has safely reached her Highland home before this preliminary Equinoctial has set in. All__erases 'tn. ' r t - tiii, , c,% , - , ~ ,,T , '...,.,. 4 •• \:- ~. _ : -4 ~,. ~,, b,F.,• . , ~,,, Le • 31 0 f~aoiJ THE SUN. LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1861. Scarcely have we realized the full horror of that melancholy accident in the tunnel on the London and Brighton Railway when another accident, and one, if possible, still more lamentable in its con .ry9-anlzett...42otrradt, cVeit.emPtinr direction. collision in which the sufferers are passengers by an excursion train. It J.'a ful casualties that so many are killed of a sudden, and that still more are maimed for life, and are for a more or less lengthened period after these acci dents subjected to excruciating agonies—it is that anguish of an indescribable kind is carried at " one fell swoop" into so many peaceful home—and all this so unnecessarily. There is a peculiarity about the season of the yeas at which these two last deplorable collisions have occurred that must upon the instant strike the attention of everyone. It is a signi ficant circumstance, we mean, that both accidents happened to excursion trains at the very time when - Sore of these excursion trains are running than usual. In each instance due allowance has manifestly not been made for this more frequent runing of heavily laden excursion trains upon the line, here, let us say, of the London and Brighton, there of the North London Railway. In the former instance, the ordinary traffic upon the line interferes with the free and safe running of the extra train, the train of the poor, ill-fated, overtaken excur sionists. The Parliamentary train (a class of train not usually remarkable either for velocity or punctuality) comes np with the unfortunate excur sion train in a tunnel—hence the catastrophe. In the later instance, the instance that oc curred only yesterday evening upon the North London Railway, it is another of these supplementary trains, an excursion train put on the line for that day only, not down upon the printed papers, but simply npun the line —it is this essentially surplus train that is fated to destruction (or at least a considerable portion of it is fated to destruction) because, forsooth, there is no interference made with the ordinary shiftieg of ballast on the line, and the customary shunting of the train of ballast trucks from one line of rails to another. The excursionists, who in consequence are the sufferers, are for the most part, we believe, the members of the families of the employ-ie.?, who had been out for a summer's holiday at Kew Gardens, and were on the way back after their few hours innocent recreation. There was still, never theless, right in their pathway, that long, dull tre►il of the ballast trucks that are usually neon there on the North London Railway, dawdling along the line, and being slowly shunted from one line of rails to another, from the up-line to the down-line, or vice versa, as the case may be, in the midst of the whirling maze of the ordinary passenger traffic. The wonder is, we are told, among the in habitants in the neighbourhood of the line (for it runs through the midst of a thickly populated district) that Some accident of this very kind has not long ago occurred there, in consequence of the shifting to and fro, backwards ao.d forwards of the ballast trains —even under ordinary circumstances! If—even under ordinary circumstances —the peril be so great as is thus described, it may be conjected bow much greater and more imminent that danger becomes when, in addition to the usual traffic, there are running in the midst of that ordinary traffic, and in be- tween the shunting, hither and thither of the ba/last trains, these supplementary or extra trains Put on to the line for the use of the excursionists. Nevertheless, it is only fair to the railway com ps flies whose interests are affected, and whose son, le of responsibility, nay, even of humanity, n lay' be said to be seriously impugned by the ex p rossions of astonishment to which we have been ri 3 ferring—it is only fair to the railway Company 1 ~ e r nselyes that we should glance at the other side THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY I?, VENING, SEPTEITBER 3, 1861 of the Question now-under consideration. Remem bering—that here as everywhere else there are two sides to the Question —just as there were two sides to the Shield, about the colour of which the two travellers were quarrelling in the old knightly Apologue ! And there is that wholesome old scrap of latin that so often comes to mind at these times —a fragment of proverbial wisdom so congenial to our national love of fairplay that the familiar phrase audi alteram partern has long since come to be all but part and parcel of our own lan guage. There is Something to be deduced from those very expressions of surprise uttered now by the " outsiders," by the mere lookers-on in the immediate neighbourhood, Something to be deduced from it, very different indeed from what is implied by the actual utterance. Let it be remembered then that in spite of all the wonderful danger alluded to by the neighbours who have watched the constant shifting to and fro of the ballast trains in the midst of the ordinary traffic of the North London Railway —let it be remembered, we say, that in spite of the peril spoken of, the accident that these witnesses are wondering never occurred before has never occurred before! Showing quite clearly as we take it that casualties are guarded against by the Company with extraordinary adroitness and forethought, in defiance of every apparent difficulty under ordinary circumstances. And then let it be borne in mind again, that when the deplorable casualty does occur at last—this fatal collision of yesterday, over which so many home groups are now bitterly lamenting—it occurs under the pres sure of unusual circumstances. How far the Com pany may be to blame for its having come to pass, it is impossible at this moment, upon the very morrow of the catastrophe, even to conjecture. But already that much ought to be borne in mind— before the cause of the calamity is yet inquired into—that it took place, this fright ful collision resulting in the deaths of thirteen excursionists, men, women, and children, and the maiming of thirty or forty others in a manner very grievous even to read of— all this took place, we say, under the pressure of unusual cir cumstances. Just as in that other terrible acci dent which took place so very recently in the Clay ton tunnel on the London and Brighton Railway— it is beyond a doubt that, among the causes of the catastrophe was the purely accidental circumstance of the telegraphic signal—suddenly—not working ! Accidents, of course, may happen to any one at any time without there necessarily involving culpabi lity in any direction whatsoever. For example— it is related, among the peculiarities of science, among the ana, so to speak, of natural philosophy, by no less an authority than Sir DAVID BREWSTER the inventor, among other marvels, of the kaleido scope and the stereoscope—it is related by this (happily) still living philosopher that a precious stone has before now been known to explode :from the expansion of an in ternal air bubble. New, upon the occasion of any such unexpected casualty as this arising —supposing a bystander to be blinded by the frag ment of an exploded ruby or emerald—it were just simply preposterous to dream of tracing the guilt (of having caused the accident) home to the lapidary. ' An accident, in other words, does not invariably and neces sarily involve culpability anywhere. The pro babilities are, of course, that, in the vast majority of instances, it does involve culpability. And it is for the simple put pose of finding out whether it really does so—that whenever a fatal accident unfortu nately happens a stringent inquest into the circum stances causing the death or deaths is at once by the old time-honoured authority of the local. Coroner. Until the said Coroner's inauest has bc.. nem ana compieLeu—.. only unwise but unfair and ungenerous to the last degree, to pronounce any decided opinion as to the extent of the culpability involved in or implied by the occurrence, nay, for that matter as to the existence of any culpability whatever. All we can do while the balance of justice is still held in equilibrium, is to stand aside and sympathise with the lamentations of the bereaved ; trusting earnestly the while that—supposing there is culpability anywhere discoverable—that culpa bility may be brought to light and duly subjected to punishment. Above all, that so much wisdom may be drawn from these bitter experiences that, the re currence of these fearful casualties may be hence forth effectually guarded against. There is one fair test of the quality of Austrian government of its numerous nationalities—How many of them can she trust to garrison their own fortresses or their own country? It will not do to parallel her case with that of uncivilised and na turally turbulent countries yoked together by the common link of the Crown ; probably every one of the numerous nationalities which compose the em pire has been loyal at some time, was indeed ge nerally united by marriage or compact to the Austrian Crown in a manner which rendered the union a bi-lateral and willing one at the time, Poland being the chief exception, and the HAPS BURGS have had merely of its nationalities the easy task of keeping the loyal loyal. But, most unfortunately, there is almost none which the dynasty, with its German and Jesuit Councillors, has not, at some period of its history, vexed beyond all endurance. Religion has, from the time of the thirty years' war, been one of the chief causes of its cruel oppressions. The Haps burgs have been a race of the darkest•minded and most barbarous prrsecutors on earth. Their object was avowed. They determined to murder, torture, burn, and banish Protestantism in every form from Hungary, Bohemia, and their own hereditary States ; and to too great an extent they succeeded. The consequence has been a depth of religious ignorance not surpassed in any European States, and a destruction of the life of commerce and in dustry which renders Austria commercially, utterly insignificant in proportion to her population. The Hapsburgs have been bigots as well as despots, and despots in their bigotry, till they have suc ceeded in degrading their country to its present divided and helpless condition. It is indeed a noble Empire, if in noble hands. Governed by a sovereign who enjoyed the people's freedom as the wit ness to the goodness of his government, it would soon emerge, and take its place with the other Empires of the day. For the present it lies crushed by the incompetency of narrow-minded, selfish, and proud German ministers, and an Em peror, whose mental weakness and hereditary wil fulness render him the suitable tool of his German bureaucrats. They want a despot to force all the nationalities to do homage to the bits of Germany called the Archduchies ; and a weak representative of a line of tyrants is the very man for them. How the Vienna camarilla will extricate them selves from the position into which they have plunged themselveo and their master, remains to be seen. Their talk of the Crown rights is very big, but their proof of such of them as they assert against the position taken by the Hungarians as miserably small. Even in the Lower House of the Reichsrath the Government heard unwelcome de monstration of this from some of the deputies. One, a Pole, Dr. SMOLKA, and another a Bohemian, elaborately and earnestly de monstrated the errors of Ministers in their dealings with Hungary. Dr. SMOLKA condemned the system of centralisation ; and declared it, at a heavy cost to the Empire, to be an entire failure. He denied the charges of the Rescript against the Hungarians, and affirmed that, left to the Govern ment of their constitutional authorities, order and tranquillity would prevail. He proved that law was on the side of the Hungarians ; and if, he argued, the laws solemnly established under one Monarch are to be unheeded by his successors, what security was there for any Constitution ? He convicted the EMPEROR out of his own mouth. In the message to the Reiehsrath he had spoken of the Hungarian crime of deposing the dynasty as one by which they had forfeited all their rights—but, passing over other and weighty considerations, he reminded the house that in the present Emperor's own proclamation, a short time subsequent to that event, he declared that the declaration at Deb-reczin was the act of a " small faction," while he praised the loyalty of the nation ! Let then, he said, the faction be punished, if indeed it has not had more than ample punishment, but what justice , can there be in punishing a whole nation for the act of a faction. He spoke in the highest terms of the Hungarians, and concluded by telling Ministers that though the Chambers might vote the ministerial ad dress, they would not vote the sentiments of the great majority of the EMPEROR'S subjects. What with the minority in the Chambers, and the absence of representatives from Hungary, Croatia, and Ve netia, the Reichsrath mast be pronounced a failure, and a deserved one. The attempt was made to erect by it a sham Constitution on the ruins of at least one old and noble Constitution ; and to sub stitute paper liberties for those sterling liberties which had stood the test of nine centuries. It deserves to be a failure. If Washington be now in alarm for the city itself and for Maryland, the alarm is well deserved. The Government at Washington has ventured on many illegal measures; indeed, adopted them with a high hand: It has not shrunk from setting aside the Habeas Corpus Act, and from substituting martial for civil law at its discretion, but it has shown the utmost timidity and hesitation in attacking the prime cause of all the trouble. The border States have been the fear of the PRESIDENT. " If," said he, when he was required to sign the Act which confiscated the slaves as well as the other property of rebels, "we adopt this act, we shall lose Ken tucky ;" and the same he might have said of all the border States—of Maryland, obedient to force, but ready to side with the rebels as soon as they should cross the Potomac in sufficient strength—of Missouri, where the Secessionists seem to be, militarily, the strongest—and, of course, of Virginia. All the border States were, as slave States, a source of weakness. Even Kentucky sent regiments both North and South. In such a state of things we can but believe that the policy of right would have proved successful. Had the PRESIDENT and Congress been bold enough to declare slavery at an end for ever in every State which either had seceded, or had failed to send its full measure of military support to the Federal cause—had he taken measures to let it be known to the slave populations of all the States that they were now free so far as they could assert their freedom, and that the law of the United States would henceforth acknowledge no more slavery, Washington would not now be threatened, and Baltimore be looking for the arrival of a Southern army. The South would have had to do to watch its own servants; and s pareloktegreNitia ilarritire.'ins7 There might nave been coupled with this two necessary conditions, one for the negro, one for his master. In the interests of humanity, the negro might have been warned that the Northern army would tolerate no murder or assassination of their old masters. That all such retaliatory bloodshed, unless they were first attacked by their masters, would be severely and even capitally punished ; that freedom only was proclaimed to them, but not a freedom to shed blood except in self-defence. With this should have been associated an offer to pay for the slaves of loyal masters and districts. The fall value of the slave could not have been justly demanded. The masters could still have had their service for wages, and probably really cheaper services, while their board would cost them nothing, and the money paid for their liberation would have been capital out of which wages could have been paid. The sum would have been large, but pro bably not more than will be spent on the war ; and not so much, if the war be protracted; and, the main cause of disunion would have been removed for ever. It is highly probable that the border states, where the slaves are least numerous, would then at once have thrown their whole strength heartily into the Northern cause. They could not hope to retain their slaves in immediate proximity to states which decreed that, as in British territory, slavery had no existence, but that whoever crossed their border was by the act a free man. Then the more southward states, even if they held out militarily for a time, could or must, soon become border states, for they would find their slaves running off to, and lost in the states which had become truly and:practically Free States ; and thus emancipation must rapidly extend from the Ohio and the Potomac to the Gulf of Mexico. By the last accounts it appeared by no means certain that the South would not assume the offen sive. If it does it may in its turn meet with its " Bull's Run,"—the attacking party being of course at a disadvantage, but they also may succeed in establishing themselves in Maryland. The plan - is not without plausibility. If they could secure Annapolis and Baltimore they would occupy two principal points from which a great part of the Northern recruits and supplies reach Washington. They would thus embarrass their enemy by cutting off a great part of his supplies—and throwing him upon the inland and more western routes to the capital. All the defences of Washington also are now pointed southerly, and it might be compara tively easy to turn back upon it from Baltimore. The very apprehension now felt at Washington indicates the altered state of things since the battle of Manassas ; and from all we can gather from the various accounts, the capital would have quite enough to do to defend itself if attacked. The Confederates can hardly, one would think, have the means of crossing the Potomac in sufficient force to be safe on the Northern side, their army being divided; but Washington is not at present defended by more than a sufficient number of troops, while the work of recruiting goes on very slowly. It appears that even in Boston and New York the regi ments cannot make up half their number, and the City of Washington is considered less secure on the 16th of August than it was on the 16th of April. On the whole it would seem that the present state of things points to but one alternative —acknowledg ment of secession, or Federal abolition of Slavery. We cannot be sorry that such is the position —a cut to-pieces United States, or a United States cemented, not by Slavery compromises, but by Freedom. Lord Clyde, accompanied by Major-Gen. Eyre an d Major Alison, left London yesterday morning for sT NEW'S. LATE PESTH, SEPT. 2 The Comitat of Miskolez has passed a resolution concurring in the protest of the Comitat of Pesth against the dissolution of the Hungarian Diet. It is expected that similar resolutions will also be passed by the other Comitats of Hungary. MADRID, SEPT. 2, The Correspondencia Autografa of to-day says: " The Cortes will open on the 25th October. The speech from the throne will announce constitutional reforms, in accordance with the political views of the Liberal Union party." FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY, The Paris Correspondent of the Times, second edition, says several changes in the French Corps Diplomatique, which have been talked about for some time, are officially announced in the Moniteur. The Marquis de Lavalette, Ambassador at Constan tinople, goes in the same quality to Rome to relieve the Due de Gramont, who goes to Vienna. This latter place is vacated by the Marquis de Moustier, who goes to Constantinople. It is a chasse croise of Ambassadors, which would be in itself of little significance did it not coincide in time with the mysterious pamphlet: No doubt M. de Lavalette was unwilling to return a third time to Constantinople, but the pivot man was evi dently M. de Grammont. While it was the object to prove to the world that nothing was neglected to facilitate conciliation with Rome, a man inclined that way was the most adapted representative; but now that, perhaps, there is an intention to prove that nothing can be done, another man who has not spoken so much in one sense is required. The pamphlet was, it seems, the first shot fired in the campaign against the temporal power. It ap peared on Friday, and yesterday Dentu's shop in the Palais Royal was teeming with others, anonymous and not anonymous, old and new ones. The first was like the great shell, which goes through everything, while the others are like the splinters which it throws about after bursting, and which complete the work of destruction. The Pope and Rome, by a Catholic ; Papal Prisons, by C. Paya; No more Convents, by Cayla. The first a philosophical essay, subverting not only the temporal power, but attacking the infallibility of the Pope, and substituting the infallibility of the Church for it ; the second a resume of the expe riences of the avocet Vincent de Tergolina, kept four years in prison, and giving a description of them, reminding of Mr. Gladstone's letters and the reports of the trial of political offenders under his deceased Majesty of Naples ; the third calling on the Government to apply the strict law to religious congregations, especially of the Jesuits, which are a form of intrigue. In one word, a complete un bridling and letting loose. In the midst of it an insidious appeal in the contrary direction, Allons a Rome, by one of the writers of the Gazette de France, finds its way, calling on the Catholics to form committees and send volunteers to the rescue of thelPope. Amid all this turmoil the papers are silent as the grave. Earl Russell arrived in Paris on Saturday ; he proposes to leave to-day. There is no change to be remarked in the general trade of France. Capital appears to be abundant, but without means of employment. Some branches of trade are prospering. The ironmasters, for example, cannot complain. Among those who have suffered most severely from the present depression in the export trade are the operatives employed in the manufacture of articles de Paris. The greater number of them are only employed half time. Accounts from Montpellier state that the present year will be one of the meet remarkable as regards the production of bees. The accounts from the wine producing districts are satisfactory. In many vineyards the vines afford a PrOSTlenf of or. ... 1 ..... 1 n5".# win buy, AffIZZINI AND IHR WORKING CLASSES OF ITALY. , - The Diritto publishes a letter addressed by Maz zini to the Working Men's Society of Bologna, dated London, August 14. In this letter M. Maz zini says : In you, fellow-workmen, lives the future of Italy, if you only understand your mission—a mission which is at once n a ti ona l an d l oca l , moral,intellectual, and econ om i ca l. A f ata l suggestion, imprudently adopted by some of your societies, would limit your collective action to economical ameliorations alone, and banish it from the discussion of the great interests of th e common country ; as if the life of the workingman was to be broken in pieces and reduced to a purely material existence ; as if the possession of a power ful and honoured country, secure from external aggression and loved by the people, was not the pledge of internal wealth, the foundation of all eco nomical improvement, and the guarantee of its dura tion. The doctrine that working men should only look after their material interests has brought about the ruin of liberty in France, and (with the excep tion of three or four large cities where the Govern ment maintains large public works for its own pur poses) has diminished the material prosperity of the working class. The economical condition of a nation has never been more splendid than in our republics of 500 years ago, when the trades guilds met under their banners to take council whenever the interests of the city required them to do so. Rome, once become ours, after a deliberate discus sion in a constituent assembly, would probably fo un d a credit sy s t em f or o p e rative societies, and Venice, restored to liberty, would re-open for Italian com merce and productions a series of new markets amongst the great valley of the Danube and th e East of E urope . Liberty, national unity, th e emancipation of the people, material progress —all these things are bound up together, and those who tell working men to separate them, only desire to keep them an inferior caste, which they may use for their own profit. . Unite, unite from one end of the country to the other. You have local interests, whi c h each of your societies should represent, whilst there are general interests common to all those who labour, which should also be represented. As you have local statutes you ()fight to have a general statute. As the first are directed by the committees of each society, the second ought to be represented by a central board. Urge on the work. Congresses without statutes and fundamental laws are useless. At your next congress you should appoint a commission from your own body to draw up such statutes. The " Working Men's Brotherhood" of Florence and their laws would much facilitate the labour of the commission. Discussed and adopted by another congress the statutes should be worked by the cen tral board. The power of the labour element would then be constituted, and the people's league founded. Scatter these ideas, if you approve of them, amongst the working men's associations of the towns of the Romagna. Prepare the ground for unity. Append your signatures to the protest in favour of Rome ; subscribe your money, however small, to the fund for the emancipation of Venice. As for myself, if God spares my life, after Rome and Venice are free, I shall devote it to the development of your inte rests, which are the interests of Italy. If God should ordain otherwise, remember with affection a man who has sincerely loved you, who expected much from you on behalf of the country when no body cared for you, your emancipation, and your future. Believe me, your brother, G. MAZZINI. We (Liverpool Albion) are informed that Mr. Clay, of the Mersey Steel and Iron Works, is engaged in the manufacture of one of his guns, of enormous size and power. The design and destination of the gun is not allowed to transpire, but it is supposed to be made for experimental purposes for a foreign government, to test the resistance of battery plates. It is said th a t t h e gun is to throw a shot of 5001b5., and that it will be ready for trial in two or three weeks. The monster gun made at these works, and which was lately tested again at Portsmouth, carries a shot of 2SOlbs. INCREASE IN THE PRICE OF GAS.--The three g as t , companies supplying the city of London with gas have, since the passing of the Metropolis Gas Act, determined to raise the price of their gas. This decision was made known to the inhabitant yesterday by the issuing of a circular, stating that the Legislature having, after full inquiry, passed an Act for regulating the supply of gas to the metropolis, requiring under heavy penalties a higher standard of illu minating power and purity, which will necessarily involve an increased cost of production, the companies supplying the city will, on and after Michaelmas next, be brought under the provisions of that Act, and that the future charge will be at the rate of 48:6d. per 1,000 feet for the ordinary coal gas, V, THE MAGAZINES. Blackwood. There is an interesting article called " Medita tions on Dyspepsia," and it will doubtless be perused by several with eagerness as referring to an affliction which so many have to endure, or persuade them selves that they have to encounter till the imaginary evil, is a 5; great as the real one. There is some excellent advice on many points offered in this sketch, and one very happy illustration is the following vivid account of a sos disant fashionable repast : Tackle we, then, to the food before us at one of those sumptuary banquets. There are two soups—one brown, with a few shreds of carrot; the other white, purporting to be derived from oysters. The first, if not dishwashings, is simply attenuated beef-tea—the second is a compound thickened by flour, not very much more digestible than liquid plaster-of-Paris, Next comes the fish. At the top is a plateau of small whitings, with their tails in their mouths, carefully covered by a cloth which has sodden them in their own steam. They are cold as the plates which the waiter thrusts for their reception, and the butter with which they are to be eaten is likewise adulterated with flour. At the bottom is a superb codfish, so thick that the heat has not been able to penetrate the interior, whence it happens that beyond a few of the outside flakes, the bulk of it is raw, against which (though raw fish is undoubtedly diges tible) most people entertain a prejudice. Then follow four corner-dishes, well-known to diners-out, and apparently inseparable—oyster-patties, curried chickens, sweetbread, and stewed pigeons. For pieces de resistance you have roast beef, and turkey or fowls, with the concomitants of tongue or ham. Luke-warm vegetables are handed round in a beastly triangular dish. There may be a mayonnaise—if there is, shun it as though it had been prepared by the hands of the daughter of the Borgias. Then comes scorched leveret or bloody wild-ducks, and a dubious kind of pudding, which, as a peptic philosopher, you eschew. Then there are ices and comfits, which precede the perambulation of the second-growth claret. . _ _ Our ancestors, whatever might be their faults, were par ticular as to their wines, and when they had secured a good vintage, set their faces against divergence. We, on the contrary, make fools of ourselves by yielding to the solicita tions of foreign bacchanalian bagmen, and order what they call "mixed cases," containing every kind of imaginable rot-gut. Most of these, if scientifically analysed, would prove to be of the nature of vinegar ; and where is the stomach so preternaturally tough as to resist the baneful action of a mixture of such corrosive fluids ? If you partake, as you probably will be tempted to do, of ice and curagoa, with coffee afterwards, y ou h ave simply—ex cuse the bluntness of the phrase—made your carcass a vat for fermentation. Three banquets of this sort per week, extending over a period of three months during which time you can take little or no exercise, will bring on dy spepsia as surely as the liver of a sacrificial gander ex pires before the fires of Strasburg. There is a story entitled " The Rector of Carling ford," which is smartly written, and exhibits in an amusing manner the peculiarities of the dignitary who was transplanted from the solemn serenity of the classic shades of Oxford to a country town. There his miseries were extreme : he was averse to the society of ladies, yet he seemed unaccountably thrust into their company. After many adventures and mishaps, he was only too glad to relinquish the unsatisfactory attempt and to return to his old place. The descriptions of the various characters and some of the conversations are life-like and ani mated, and this incident in a singular man's career has many points which may render it attractive to the reader. " The Art Student in Rome," is a plea sing paper that also conveys some wise hints to the votary of art. It especially advocates the import ance of a sojourn in Italy to all artistic tastes, as being of essential benefit in forming the style and elevating the ideas and enabling the beholder to store his mind with rich remembrances for far off future days. " For if the mind loves to cherish some one period of its former history more than others, it is, we think; those hours when the poetic nature first kindled into sensitive enjoyment, when the still slumbering powers of fancy, striving with undefined longings, found in a world of beauty a sphere of unimagined bliss. If the artist's life be envied, it is for scenes of subtle refined emotion such as these, wherewith minds of grosser frame are not permitted to intermeddle. The painter may be denied perchance the luxuries bought by gold, but he is chosen for nature's favourite and playmate and shares the bounties which are showered on the lilies of the field. He may boast of no high birth or lineage but his is the heritage of the sky. The poet in the well-known lines of Schiller comes too late to take his part in the division of the world, and the gods, in recompense make him a denizen of the heavens. And surely if in any favoured spot on earth the artist be given a charmed existence it is in the clime of Italy. The sun showers brightly his golden rays and the moon her silvery beauty, the landscape is fertile in the olive and the vine, and life moves on ward in tranquil contentment devoid of care. Nature is everywhere realising pictures and man weaving a romance, and the student has but to surrender himself to the poetry of the passing hour to make his mind a welcome habitation to all the beauteous thoughts that flock on every side, and thus fostering in himself the artist growth, his works will be true to the nature that lives around " Scotland and her Accusers" sears - reference to some opinions that have lately been expressed in various quarters regardigg the land of the north. Of course, in the pages of this periodical these asper sions are met with the most decided negatives, and these assaults are repelled with indignation. However, the readers will find that the views taken are fairly expressed and the tone moderate, while it is decisive. There is a paper on Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy," which will interest some from its learned discussion of the merits of that singular work. There are some humorous verses called " The Memory of Monboddo " that will satisfy the lovers of the ludicrous. There is also a long article on "The Persian War." Fraser's Magazine. Fraser has this month a more than usually at tractive table of contents. We have first the open ing chapters of a story entitled " Barren Honour," from the pen of the brilliant, though sometimes extravagant author of "Guy Livingstone," and " Sword and Gown." Whatever may be the defects or deficiencies of his style, want of power and originality cannot be ranked among them, and his works can scarcely fail to secure the attention of the reader. It is impossible to judge of the story by its first three chapters; but the author, after introducing us to the family seat of the Vavasours, plunges at once into what is generally the grand crisisOf novels, and shows us a favoured lover plead ing his suit with a stately father, and a fair damsel confiding her hopes and wishes to a treacherous but softspoken mother. An interesting paper on the " Literature and Philosophy of the Early Christian Ascetics" gives us some account of the most famous of those pious hermits, who withdrew from the strife and wickedness which reigned supreme in crowded cities, to pass their lives in study and contemplation. The general impression with regard to these solitaries, the writer represents to be altogether mistaken, and their lives were, he considers, by means unenviable. He reminds us that retiring to a cave in Egypt, Nubia, or Meso potamia, is a very different thing from dwelling i t s a cave or hut on the hills of Westmoreland or the Highlands. A cave in hot countries is a most deli cious retreat—a placed coveted and sought after— " From storms a shelter, and from heat a shade." He reminds us, too, that the diet of these anchorites, who subsisted on the herbs and fruits of the wilder ness, must by no means be compared to the wild haws and blackberries which would be all that could be obtained in similar circumstances in colder and less genial climes. The grape, the orange, the pomegranate, and the fig, with similar productions, are not insufficient for the wants of nature in those warm regions. It seems they employed their lei sure to, good purpose, since numerous works of value have been left behind them. The essay before us brings down the list to the solitaries of the eighth century, some of whose works contain passages of remarkable merit. "A. K. H. 8.," whose initials are always welcome, contributes a brief but impres sive paper on the pathos dwelling in the little word " gone." Following it are two articles both well worthy of perusal, the first on " The Census of Ire land," the second on " Manners and Morals, as affected by Civilisation." The latter discusses many of those startling problems which perplex oar social reformers, and refuse to be theorised away. One of the most remarkable papers in the number is un doubtedly that from the pen of Sir Benjamin Brodie on the Homcepathec system ; which, from the eminence of the author, the interest felt by many in the subject, and the clearness and sound sense with which it is written, will certainly attract much attention. The case against Homcepathy could scarcely be stated more strongly or with less acri mony, and the observations of an authority of so great repute and experience will probably carry much weight with the undecided. We subjoin some of the more striking passages— There is a rule, which, by some of the Homoeopathic writers, is held to be of great importance. The doses of [ medicine administered by ordinary practitioners are repre sented to be very much too large. It is unsafe to have re course to them, unless reduced to an almost infinitesimal point ; not only to the millionth, but sometimes even to the billionth of a grain. Now observe what this means. Sup pe •ing one drop of liquid medicine to be equivalent to ono grain, then, in order to obtain the millionth part of that dose, you must dissolve that drop in 13 gallons of water, and administer only One drop of that solution; while, in order to obtain the billionth of a grain, you must dissolve the aforesaid drop in 217,014 hogsheads of water. Of course, it is plain that this could not practically be accom plished, except by successive dilutions; and this would be a troublesome process. Whether it be at all probable that any one ever undertook to carry it out, I leave you to judge. At any rate, I conceive that there is no reasonable person who would not regard the exhibition of medicine in so diluted a form as being equivalent to no treatment at all. But however thi s may b e, I may be met by the assertion that there is undoubted evidence that a great number of persons recover from their eomplaints under homoeopathic treatment, and I do not pretend in the least degree to deny it. In a discourse addressed by myself to the students of St. George's Hospital, in the year 1838 I find the follow ing remarks ;•..." There is another inquiry which 81=14 by always made, before you determine on the adoption of a particular method of treatment ; what will happen in this case, if no remedies whatever be employed, if the patient be left altogether to nature or to the efforts of his own constitution ? . . . . . The animal system is not like a clock or a steam engine, which, being broken, you must send to the clockmaker or engineer to mend it • and which cannot be repaired otherwise. The living machine, unlike the works of human invention, has the power of repairing itself; it contains within itself its own engineer, who, for the most part, requires no more then some very slight assistance at our hands." This truth admits, indeed, of a very large application. If the arts of medicine and surgery had never been invented, by far the greater number of those who suffer from bodily illness would have recovered nevertheless. An experienced and judicious medical practitionerinaws this very well, and considers it to be his duty, in the great majority of cases, not so much to interfere by any active treatment, as to take care that nothing should obstruct the natural process of recovery ; and to watch lest, in the progress of the case, any new circumstance should arise which would make his active interference necessary. If any one were to engage in practice, giving his patients nothing but a little distilled water, and enjoining a careful diet, and a prudent mode of life otherwise, a certain num ber of his patients would perish for the want of further help ; but more would recover ; and homceopathic globules are, I doubt not, quite as good as distilled water. But this does not account for all the success of homoeo pathy. In this country there is a large proportion of in dividuals who have plenty of money, combined with a great lack of employment ; and it is astonishing to what an extent such persons contrive to imagine diseases for them selves. There is no animal machine so perfect that there may not at times be some creaking in it. Want of exercise, irregularity as to diet, a little worry of mind—these, and a thousand other causes, may occasion uneasy feelings, to which constant attention and thinking of them will give a reality which they would not have had otherwise, and such feelings will disappear as well under the use of globules as they would under any other mode of treatment, or under no treatment at all. What I have now mentioned will go far towards explain ing the success of homoeopathy. But other circumstances occur every now and then, from which, when they do occur, it profits to a still greater extent. Humanum est srrare. From the operation of this universal law medical practitioners are not exempt, any more than statesmen, divines, lawyers, engineers, or any other profession. There are cases in which there is a greater chance of too much than too little being done for the patient ; and if a patient under such circumstances becomes the subject of homoeo pathic treatment, this being no treatment at all, he actually derives benefit from the change. In a discourse to which I have alreadyalluded, Ithought it my duty to offer the following caution to my pupils : " The first question which should present itself to you in the management of a particular case is this—ls the disease one of tt hich the patient may recover, or is it not ? There are, indeed, too many cases in which the patients condi tion is so manifestly hopeless, that the fact cannot be overlooked. Let me, however, caution you that you do not in any instance arrive too hastily at this conclusion. Our knowledge is not so absolute and certain as to pre vent even well-informed persons being occasionally mis taken on this point. This is true, especially with respect to the affections of internal organs. Individuals have been restored to health who were supposed to be dying of disease in the lungs or mesenteric glands." . . . . . . "It is a good rule in th e p rac ti c e of our art, as in the common affairs of life, for us to look on the favourable side of the question, as far as we can consistently with reason do so." I might have added that hysterical affections are especially a source of error to not very experienced practitioners, by simulating more serious di sease ; seem i ng t o resist for a time all the efforts of art, and then all at once sub siding under any kind of treatment, or, just as well, under none at all. Now, if it should so happen that a medical practitioner, from want of knowledge or from a natural defect of judgment, makes a mistake in his diagnosis, and the patient whom he had unsuccessfully treated, afterwards recovers under the care of another practitioner, it is simply said Dr. A. was mistaken ;" and it is not considered as anything very remarkable that the symptoms should sub side while under the care of Dr. B. But if, on the other hand, the recovery takes place under the care of a homoeo pathist, or any other empiric, the circumstance excites a much larger portion of attention; and we really cannot very well wonder that, with such knowledge as they pos sess of these matters, the empiric should gain much credit with the public. So far the practical result would seem to be that homceo pathy can be productive of no great harm; and, indeed, considering it to be no treatment at all, whenever it is a substitute for bail treatment, it must be the better of the two. But there is great harm, nevertheless. There are numerous cases in which spontaneous recovery is out of the question ; in which sometimes the life or death of the patient, and at other times the comfort or discomfort of his existence for a long time to come, depends on the prompt application of active and judicious treatment. In such cases homoeopathy is neither more nor less than a mischievous absurdity ; and I do not hesitate to say that a very large number of persons have fallen victims to the faith which they reposed in it, and to the consequent delay in having recourse to the use of proper remedies. The story of " Good for Nothing" advances with everyone at cross-purposes, and poor Gilbert Orme rushing fast to ruin. A paper on "Parish Regis ters" brings to light some quaint old records, and reminds us of the varied information that may be gathered from their musty pages. The United Service Magazine. This number opens with an article on the organi zation of the army, in which, after considering in detail many incongruities in the management of affairs at the Horse Guards, the writer remarks that " no good can come of a divided authority in military affairs, such as exists between the Horse Guards and the War-office; where the division is of such a natilre s that 112.0 1 2A u ra a l.efill i gr, myt i r; is followed by one upon the Government of the Navy Bill, many of the clauses of which are very severe, and, in our opinion, unjust_ One in parti cular, which is censured by.our contemporary, gives power to the commander of a ship at his own dis cretion to send any seaman to gaol for various periods up to three months for being absent without leave, &c., and for desertion. Now this we consider most unjust, for until proper naval prisons are erected it is not fair to send a seaman to a common gaol to associate with crime in all its phases for a fault which, however criminal in the. eyes of the service, is trivial, compared with the crime for which the felon is committed to Maidstone or any other pri son. It may be,fun to the pickpocket, it is death to Jack. It is not long since the arbitrary power of inflicting corporal punishment was taken away from the commanding officer, but it is replaced with a power even more terrible. There is a s h or t paper on the proposed reconstr uc t ion of our military system, which is followed by an article by Theseus, on the decline of the British Sailing Navy, in which after lamenting the decay of the Old " Wooden Walls,"he remarks that, although it may be neces sary to substitute iron in many cases, and that the Government do rightly in selling off many of the old vessels which are unconvertible, that neverthe less they should be cautious, and remember that there are now lying in our navy harbours many fine ships which have never been put in commission, that the increase of our steam navy require a corre spending increase of coal depots on foreign stations, and that many of our hulks are rotten and nearly done for, and therefore before putting up new ships to auction where probably they will not realise one fourth their cost, they should supply all the require ments of the service as regards hulks, coal depots, &c. Under the head of" Soldiering in the United States," the American question is considered in a very sen sible and quiet way. The character of the indi vidual American as a soldier, his contempt of con trol, and his peculiarities, as well as the component parts of the present army, are interesting. It is contended that " the affair at Bull's Run was no battle, but rather a row of an undisciplined mob, for nobody knew exactly anything about its commence ment or finish; that there were no manceuvres or preliminary movements, it being said that even the commander-in•chief was not aware that any move was about to take place." After going into all the probable consequences of this unfortunate civil war, the writer comes to the conclusion, "that although the American is a braggart he is no coward." We find a long account of the Koech Bodo and Dhimal tribes, whose whereabouts, for the benefit of our readers, we may remark, is the northtrn part of Bengal, towards Delimket. A pleasing description of Sierra Leone is to be found in " A Narrative of Adventures on the West Coastof Africa, showing how the Writer got to and from it." Papers on the " Cession of Sardinia to France," "Naval Adminis tration in Parliament," and "The Future of Cavalry," together with " The Editor's Portfolio," and the naval and military information for the month completes the number. The St. James's Magazine. The accomplished editress of this pleasant mis cellany has contributed largely to its pages this month. We have no less than three articles from • her pen. She continues the story of the impulsive , and unfortunate Mildred, the heroine of" Can Wrong be Right?" who sees, at last, a ray of light through her troubles. Mrs Hallgives us, besides, a very plea sant account of a September passed at Borcette, which she describes as "a steaming, bubbling, boiling, bath ing, hot water-drinking offish of of Aix-la-Chapelle," possessing, however, many advantages over that more pretentious place of resort, for real invalids, to whom quiet, cleanliness and cheapness are essentials. The remaining paper, by Mrs. Hall, is a charming little tale for the young of the household, telling the story of " A Great Trial," how bravely it was met and conquered. Mr. S. C. Hall tells us something of what the Qneen will and will not have seen in her visit to the sister country. The contrasts between 1815 and 1861 are striking, and forcibly put. The reader will find much to interest him in this paper, as well as learning something of the changes that have taken place since the time when eightpence a-day was considered high wages for a labourer. In conclusion the writer expresses his confidf nt hope that since most of the happy changes described have been effected in the last quarter of a century, another such lapse of time may bring about even greater and more extensive blessings, and that those then living may see "bigotry losing its hold—the undue or baneful influence of one mind over another mind ceasing —habits of thrift and forethought becoming coi.stitutional--industry receiving it s lull I acknowledged—s t o b t e rich recompense—oultivatio n passing over the bogs up th, 74-aountains—the law recognised and p d e ia r n ty a f n u d lly pr u o li te d c e t r o s r t —jte an r a ig a h e ls ilo a vv e as a guar .. pp tqsting the poor, e.nd the poor confiding in t he rich—absenteeism no longer a weighty evil; in a word, CAPITAL circulating freely and securely." That these happy results may be speedily brought about both Englishmen and Irishmen must heartily desire. There is a brief paper on the Population of Scotland, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, giving a summary of the alterations in the num bers, apparent in the recent census returns. There is an article entitled " The Domestic Grievance," which is well worthy of attention. It alludes to the household management of large establishments where the government of the lower regions is exclusively committed to the housekeeper, who not unfrequently falls a victim to the temptations placed in her way, and even if not absolutely dis dishonest, generally encourages a system of waste and extravagance, hurtful alike to masters and ser vants. It is suggested that this office of housekeeper should be filled by gentlewomen, who would bring to it a degree of moral responsibility and authority, very seldom found in the ranks of paid servants. There is nothing derogatory in the task of keeping accounts, engaging servants, and generally supe rintending a household, since it is what ladies of the middle class are accustomed to do in their own homes. If the office were included among the few which ladies in reduced circumstances may creditably fill, the result would probably be satis faotory to both employer and employed. The Rev. J. C. Cox contributes a paper on " English Music," strongly denying the assertion that we are not a musical people ; a fact sufficiently disproved by both singers and hearers at the recent musical( festival in one of our busiest commercial towns. Anthony Trollope has the courage and originality to write in behalf of our much contemned National Gallery. Of the external beauty of the building nothing can be said, but its contents are not valued as they should be by many among us. Mr. Trol lope comments on our singular English fashion of depreciating everything we do, and says we are not, content with washing our soiled linen in public, but we are also in the habit of declaring that the linen just come from the wash, has been neither starched or ironed. We have also a very interest ing article on the Royal Mint, describing the pro cesses of coining, and giving several ilhlstrations of the machines employed. There are two poeti cal contributions, one of which gives us some graceful and feeling verses on the death of the late lamented Madame Catherine Hayes. Orley _Farm. By Anthony Trollepe. Part VII. In the last number we were i n t ro d uce d to four separate Christmas circles, / out the tale advanced little,though enoughwas hinted to foreshadowcoming events. This month, however, we go more ahead. Mr. Furnival begins seriously to consider the case of Lady Mason, he has a n i nterv i ew with Mat Round, the leading member of the firm of Round. and Crook, the attorneys engaged for Joseph. Mason, and finds that Lady Mason is likely to be indicted for forgery. His conversation with Mr. Crabwitz, his indignant clerk, is highly amusing. Sir Peregrine Orme's interview with Lady Mason, his evident desire to make her Lady Orme, even after an interview with Mr. Farnival, delineates the peculiar characters of the different individuals ; but the most exciting portion of this number relates to the party assembled atNoningsby, consisting of some of the principal dramatis persona. Lusius Mason, conceited though he be, possesses considerable common sense, and has fallen in love with Sophia Furnival, who, although she does not encourage him, still does not bid him despair, but, like the daughter of a lawyer, while she will not throw a chance away, neither will she commit herself. She shows her tact when, carried away by his ardour in the drawing room on the evening of Christmas-day, he asks her to give him her hand. in confirmation of some promise she has made. She does so without any hesitation, but immediately takes her candle and retires to rest, " having sacrified the remainder of that evening for the sake of acceding to Mr. Mason's request respect ing her pledge. It could not be counted strange that she should give her hand to the gentleman with whom she was immediately talking as she bade him good ni g ht." Y oung Peregrine Orme is deeply smitten with the charms of Madeline Stavely, but somehow, although bold enou g h i n. other matters, he cannot find his tongue at this important occasion. We are introduced to two thoroughgoing, sporting young ladies, the Miss Tristrams, whose character will be best understood by the concluding lines in the number There is no gate that w a y, Mi ss Tristram , ' said a gentle man. There's a double ditch and bank that will do as well,' said she, and away she went directly after the hounds, regardless altogether of gates." THIS DAY'S ATA.RICETB. Y MA oI VTIIPIELD..--vld deb ow{ hay, Z 2 Oe, to £5 Os Od; new do., £2 Oe to £4 Os ; old clover do. V, lOs to £6 Os ; new do., £3 108 to £5 Os; and straw, ' 4l 4s to S 1 12s per lead Both hay and straw were in fair reanest, fn" pricers. C UMBERLAND.—OId Meadow hay, S 2 Os to £5 08 ; Rew do. £2 Os to £ 4 Os : old clover, £3 10s to £6 Os ; new do., £3 108 to £5 Os • and straw, £1 48 to £1 12s per load. A steady demand.' WHITEOHAPEL.—OId Meadow hay, £2 Os to £5 Os Od; new do., £2 Os to £4 Os ; old clove,, £3 10s to £6 Os Od ; new do., £3 lOs to £5 Os; and. straw, £1 4s to £1 12s per load. Trade steady. . COLONIAL. TEA.—A fair amount of business has been transacted in good black qualities, and full rates have been well sus tained. SiloAn.—The market has bee moderately active, and previous prices have been well dirstained for all descrip tions. COFFEE.—Business has been languid, although late rates are well sustained, owing to the small quantities announced for public competition. Rim—The demand has slightly increased and previous prices are well ma i ntained for all qualities. SALTPETRE.—OnIy a limited biasiness h as b een done, and quotations show no material 'variation. TALLOW.—Th e market has been less active, and prices have slightly given way. P.Y.C., on the sp o t, i s quote d 475, and last th ree months' delivery, 47s 6d per cwt. B ARNET FAIR. --This great mart f or cattle will be held thi s y ear on the 4th, sth, and 6th o f September large quantity of s t oc k of all descriptions has already rived, ar and fresh herds and flocks announce themselve s daily in voices not to be mistaken. Among the human voices were many which smacked of Gaelic or provincial Celtic, north country brogue, or the rich full tone of the " West Come tree." The cattle are depastured in fields adjacent to the fair field, and many are within a mile or so of Barnet. There is every reason to anticipate that the approaching fair will be as extensive at least as last year. The cattle fair will be held as usual on the fields on either side of Barnet-hill, and the sheep fair near the Black Horse, Barnet-common. This arrangement, which is a great convenience, was attempted to be carried out last year, but owing to the obstinacy or intractability of a "somebody" or other it was but partially effected. The races will be on the last day, and from the attractive programme issued by the stewards, will no doubt be satisfactory to the gentlemen in "close fitting pants and straight-brimmed hats, Newmarket-cut coats, and hands sans gants." Great preparations are being made by the inhabitants, to many of whom this fair is the nest-egg of the year, for the accommodation of the throngs of dealers, visitors, and idlers who attend it.—Hertford Mercury. REGISTRATION FOR THE CITY OF LONDON. —The forthcoming registration for the city promises to afford ample work for the new barrister, who will be appointed in the room of the late T. Y. 1 1 1Thristie, Esq.. to revise the list of voters. The objections taken to the Fists are unusually nu merous, particularly on the part of the Conservatives, who, nothing daunted by their defeat at the last election, have applied themselves with mars zlarnestness to the work than i n any year since the reapp f akranoe of a Conservative agent in the Registration Couri. The following figures give the objections taken and tb.e claims made :-- 14 Liberal objections IVERY LISTS. 222 Conservative ditto HOUSEHOLDERS' LISTS. 473 Liberal objections Conservative ditto 1219 --- Total objections by both parties.. 1692 There are about 100 claims by b o th p ar ties, but th ey are mainly for the purpose of amendi ng the description of names ha ve been taken a o m u t e 8 17 0 0 h objections THE FIRE NEAR THE LONDON D OCK% b a already e b a o d t y h on parties th e to list. the A n b —Yester day Mr. John Humphreys, the coroner for East Middlesex, held an inquest at the London Hospital respecting death of John Baddle, aged 52 years) vill'o died from in juriesin- received at the late great fire (;13. the premises of Messrs. Harrison and Co., the extensive sugar-refiners of Dock-street, Whitee.hapel. it aPPPAred that the deceased was a boiler-maker in the it of Mr. John Marshall, the engineer of Colchester•strivet Whiteehapel. The de ceased and a number of m en : with their employer, were at work on the roof, er , a c ti. n ' a g large cistern, and about 5 o'clock in the aftett ur '• - question an alarm of fire was Ai in raised at the lower to escap e b Part of th e building. The m en en d ea • they were voured y descending through the interior, but were le r. ' ,o mpelled t o re trace their steps. Several men compelled by means of a rope. The deceased endeavoured to get clown an iron waterspout, but it be came much heated by the flames from the windows. The deceased lowered himself a few feet, when he was compelled to relinquish his grasp, and fell about 30 feet, whereby he sustained very extensive injuries. He was removed to the hospital, where he died on Sunday afternoon last. Mr. Marshall, who was the last rescued from the roof, w4ii examined, at some length, but could not tell how the fire originated. The Coroner here asked if there was any person in attendance to show how the fire originated. The summoning officer answered in the negative. The house surgeon said the de ceased died from the injuries to his legs, which were frac tured and lacerated, The inquiry was subsequwatlY ad' jcpurudi