The Sun. — London, England, 1861-08-30 00:00:00

A LFRED MELLON'S PROMENADI CONCERTS. THEATRE ROYAL, C07.761NT-GARDEN , Band of neqrly 100 Performers. PAREPA Every Evening, Commence at Eight. Promenade. One Shilling,• Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. EA IR itO Y AL, HA YMAILKET. Lesgee, Mr. 3. 13. Buckstone. ' THIS EVENING the Ballet, BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. Miss Fanny Wright, the Leclercqs, Mr. Webster, &c. After which, a new Comedy, entitled MY LORD AND MY LADY ; or, It 13119:ht have been Worse. Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Andrews, Mr. Buckstone, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Wilkins, &c. Followed by COOL AS A CUCUMBER. Mr. Charles Mathews. To conclude with TURNING THE TABLES, Commence a 7. N EW THRATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. ITHIS EVENING, THE HOP PICKERS. Supported by Messrs. D. Fisher, .T. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Billington, Miss Woo gar, Miss Kate Kelly, ate. After which, ONE TOUCH OF NATURE. Mr. Benj Webster and Miss H. Simms. Followed by THE MIDNIGHT SPECTRE. Messrs. J. L. Toole and Paul Redford. To conc'ude with DOMESTIC ECONOMY. Mr. Toole and Anis K. Kelly. Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7. R OYAL LYCEUM THEATRE, Manager—Mr. Edmund Falconer. THIS EVENING, and during the week, the new and suc cessful comedy, WOMAN; or, Love against the World. Changers by Messrs. Walter Lacv, Addison, Herman Vezin, J. Robins, Mrs. Charles Young, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray„ and Miss Lydia Thomson. To conclude with, each evening, a new and original farce entitled I'HE FETCHES; or, The Onconvanience of Single Lite. Tim O'Reilly, Mr. Edmund Falconer; Mary O'Brady, Miss Lydia Thompson. Prices as usual. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7 Box-office open daily from 11 till 5.. A N rERBURY HALL CONCERTS, AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. Two Grand Selections from Operas, including ITN BALLO TN MASCH BRA, arranged and conducted by Mr. Jongh mans. Mr. Wood and his talented little Son. The extraor dinary comic duet, "The Nerves," by Harvey and French, Mr. Marshall in " The Excursion to Brighton," " Selina Sly," and" In the Park." And Miss Harriet Coveney Every Evening. Admission—llan, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, Is. fIANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS AND FINE ARTS GALLERY.—SAM COWELL, the Prince of Comic Vocalists, will make his First Appearance since his return to England on MONDAY, the 2d of September. Admission--Hall, 6d. ; Stalls and Balcony, O X F O R D, 43, OXFORD-STREET. Open Every Evening. Selections from "La Traviats," "En Ballo in Maschera," Sze., by Mis. , Russell, Messrs. C. Greville, Volley, Tivoli, and H. Herbert, with full band and chorus. Other vocal and instrumental music of the highest order, and varied attractive entertainments. The Comic portion by Messrs. M. P. Foster (in his " Life Sketches"), Sam Collins, Harvey, and French (the Nerves), E. Marshall, and W. Randall. Hall, sixpenee ; Balcony and Stalls, one shillluz. Private Boxes. los. M. A grand selection from Verdi's new opera, " Simon Boccßnegra," produced on th e most complete scale, with aoditional principals, and aug mented band and chorus. will be presented (for the first t: me in England) on MONDAY next, arranged and conducted by Mr. Jonghmans. T H E HIGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Imo DAY.—Morning, 7h. 58m.—Afternoon, Bh. 44m. To-monnow.-Morning, 9h. 24m.—Afternoon. 10h. 10m. THE WEATHER.--SUN OFFICE, AUGUST 30, 1861. THERMOMETER, IN THB SHADE. 55—highest since noon yesterday. 74--lowest this morning and during the night. . 74--this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.12. WlND—Westerly ; with fine weather. 4 . ; . - s i -1 , -- , z7:. ~ _.9,--- , t . 74,,, - ~,,, CLU r• '0,44,77. 4 A 1 •,./- ,t,:', if (1-" , - 1 2• 47A . ' :;:: : :: , , .•4: 424 - ' r„r, 1 aii . .....7 1 f s,- , • - - - - , ...--4-- -- ,. - t;,, - ,! •,,0 • , . , . piii " i , L , •-t r- ...,...-- t --_,..... 4 -,„ , , ..,, A, ~"1 THE SUN. LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 30, 1881. The Baron RICASOLI'S denunciation of the late Neapolitan army is not certainly in any way what ever to be wondered at. It occurs—this denuncia tion of the scattered troops of FRANCIS IL—in the circular dated from Turin, August the 24th, and addressed by the Prime Minister of Italy to the diplomatic agents of the newly-constituted Govern ment. As yet we only know the general drift of this circular, which has but so recently been pub lished in Bullier's Correspondence. Another post doubtless will enable us to present the communica tion in its complete form to our readers; so that they may then judge of its general value for them selves, Already, however, there are one or two particulars referred to by the Baron RICASOLI that even now cannot be seriously misapprehended— judging them alone from the mere casual glimpse yet obtained of them. And foremost among those portions of the circular of the Italian Minister is the passage in which he speaks in no measured terms of severity about the late Neapolitan army. The history of that army has certainly by this time been long enough matter of European notoriety, to render it quite unnecessary for us to recapitu late facts in order that Baron RICASOLI'S indig nation may be seriously accounted for. Does not all Europe still remember with scorn how that numerous army of King FRANCIS the Second of Naples was scattered far and Wide more like an enormous sock of sheep than like a body of armed soldiers ? Never since the day when CESAR could write home those three electrifying words Veni, vidi, vici—never since then has any Leader of Men had more perfect right to echo those same words than General GARIBALDI had when with his mere handful of followers he went and destroyed by a sweep or two of his sword A Huge Army and an elaborate system of Kingly Government. Bringing down the Neapolitan Sovereignty in ruins by the mere announcement of his approach, by the mere terror of his name ! Destroying the Neapolitan army more utterly, more irretriev ably than any vulgar butchery could have destroyed it—by herding whole regiments and battalions up into corners and then making them lay down their arms by thousands at the feet of victors who could be counted merely by a very few hundreds ! The triumph , for GARIBALDI him self was something magnificent. The defeat , for the Neapolitan army was something on the other in expressibly ignominious. Why, in point of fact, literally the case stands thus :—When the camr aign in the • South commenced, GARIBALDI positively landed with less than two thousand men altogether. And what in the name of all that is wonderful woe the numerical strength of the Neapolitan army at that time—the royal army that had to be either beaten or scattered, before the Government it was sworn to defend could by possibility be destroyed by that great and daring Adventurer ? Why, the Royal army of King FRANCIS 11., then the King de jure and de facto of the Two Sicilies, num bered in all ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY THOU SAND MEN ! Alen ? One can hardly imagine them to have been really entitled to the name, they proved themselves defenders of the Crown, and an tagonists of the invauer, so indescribably despic able ! History has already related the particulars of that brief and astounding campaign. And it is as wonderful in its way as almost anything she hi" ever had to tell. The Neapolitan army— the i toYal army-1,80,000 strong (or weak, shall we ?), melted away and vanished like mere dust or vapour before the wind, at the simple rumour of the approach of GAUIBALDI and his two thousand Gari baldiaus. No wonder thet remembering all this, that Miron RicAsom is fo und in his new circular of the 24th instant, axing in severe terms of the former Neapolitan armyei var - vv ra h e i d eh an , « although equipped,composed oflBo,ooo men , fell back before a h. Indful. of he roes, and who since have abandoned th emselves to brigandage, an e da t g h e :y so h m av e i times carrying the Pot irbon fla g ) w dishonoured by Ea 41efending, as they tow di.. 4cuiour it by making it the emblem of aslyassina tion and rapine v. The course pursued by that army from beginning to end is no doubt nil of a piece, or is in other words to the very last de ._ gree despicable: Among all the royal armies of which there has ever been any record this Neapolitan army' is surely the veriest scoff and opprobrium. Why, Mmpare it with any other royal army that can be thought of , on the spur of the moment, as having ever been placed in similar straights! Remember the gallant cava liers of our own King CHARLES I. with their " love-lock" ringlets, and their perfumed lace and their shining mail, and all their war like splendour ! Even the old, grim puritan Ironsides could tell that they fought and fell , like dauntless knights and gentlemen (as they were) upon the field of battle—even though they were everywhere conquered. Look even at the Swiss mer cenaries in the First French Revolution, the de fenders of the life and person of King Louis XVI. Why, aliens though they were, they were true to their trust, and fell to the last man—those that were not shot or stabbed in the rooms and galleries of the Tuileries being only got rid of by being hurled out of window and impaled upon the spikes of the courtyard below. Look again at the loyal army of King CHARLES X. of France. Who does not remember how CHARLES X., feeble Monarch though he was while on the throne, descended from it, as became the last crowned repre sentative of that ancient race of heroes : being accompanied to the frontier of what had once been his dominions by his faithful body-guard —the old Monarchy going down there and then, as the phrase was, with colours flying! Nay, even when the Orleans Prince who succeeded—the Bourgeois King who even, during his sixteen years' reign, was symbolised as leaning less upon a sword of State than on an old " Gampy" gingham umbrella— even when Louis PHILIPPE had shaved his whiskers off and run away in his new character, as Mr. SMITH, en route for England—look even then at the Royal army that remained behind in France ! Having no King left left to fight for (he had run away from them) the army fraternised with the people, became, ipso facto, the national army, the defenders of the popular form of Government. Like none of all these royal armies, or any other royal army that we can call to mind, has been this miserable army of the Kingdom of Naples, 180,000 strong. What is called for want of a more explicit name, " Brigandage," is the fitting sequel to the cowardice displayed by it when confronted with, nay even, when merely threatened by the possible approach of, GARIBALDI and his dauntless handful of followerF. It is from their lively sense of the horror and meanness of all this, that CIALDINr, sword in hand, is now dealing ruth lessly with the remnants of the scattered bands of that miserable army, and that RICASOLI, pen in hand, is writing of them in his recent circular less in indignation than in absolute scorn. There are a few remarks that were uttered the day before yesterday by Lord PALMERSTON that are not unworthy of being taken to heart by all Englishmen. They have reference at once to our foreign relations and to the state of our defences. They are particularly worthy of note at a time when we are beginning to marvel more seriously rthan ever over the fact that we are annually ex pending upwards of £70,000,000 ; and when we remember that of those seventy millions sterling about £30,000,000, or very nearly half the full amount, we are expending upon our military and maritime departments. The peace at any price people are as blatant as ever, whenever they can find an opportunity of making themselves ridiculous by the noisy enunciation of their preposterous views. They are for ever babbling about the need there is for a wise economy—shewing their own wisdom immediately, in regard to the same, by beginning forthwith exactly at the wrong end. They are constantly sneering at the Volunteer movement—though at the very same time that movement has been ano ther illustration of the reasonableness of designat ing loyalty, or, in other words, patriotism "the cheap defence of natioLs"—seeing that it is essen tially, as its title intimates, a Volunteered and self supporting Movement. Seeing, too, that it has already, in this way, furnished the country with a National Guard of armed and disciplined Riflemen 170,000 strong. Speaking of that very band of auxiliary defenders now added to the Royal Navy and Royal Army of England, the Prime Minister remarked on Wednesday to his audi ence at Dover—" I trust that the organisation will be so engrafted in the minds of Englishmen, and so familiar to them in its exercise, that no cir cumstance will ever induce the people to give it up, and that no consideration of economy, or of any other description will induce the Government or Parliament to refuse those means which are neces sary for its efficiency." This was said by Lord PALMERSTON upon the occasion of his installation in a fantastic and obsolete office, an office accumul sting upon the head of its possessor, in addition to his chief distingui,hing name, the incongruous titles of Constable, and Admiral, and Chancellor. It was not so much, however, in his character as any one of these that the noble Viscount uttered the remarks above given, and the other kindred remarks that imme diately afterwards followed them on Wednesday. It was rather in his pre-eminent position as First Lord of the Treasury, as Chief of her Britannic MAJESTY'S Government, that Lord PALMERSTON addressed himself to those matters of really national and vital consideration. As Premier it was that he said at Dover on the 28th inst.: "We cannot expect to cve with those great states that have hundreds and thousands of men." Adding these sufficiently significant word,—" We accept with frankness, we accept with confidence the right hand of friendship which may be tendered to us, and we do not distrust that tender because we see the left hand grasping the hilt of the sword ; but while that left hand does grasp the hilt of the sword it would be folly of us to throw away the shield of defence." All this may be regarded by the peace at-any-price people as nothing better than a pretty metaphor—as it is in itself—But it is ripe wisdom —it is good, sound, sterling common sense into the bargain. So long as that left hand keeps fumbling suspiciously at the hilt—so long surely it were the merest moon-madness to fling away the shield as no longer of use. But what if—in addition to this occasional fumbling at the hilt—what if that sword which is so delicately alluded to, is everlastingly being dragged out of its scabbard to be furbished up, and to have a yet keener edge than ever put to it ? The case surely is stronger and stronger than ever—against our flinging away the shield, out of a romantic reliance upon any hand-and-glove friendship. The cheery confidence with which Lord PAL MERSTON looks upon the position of things between England and her foreign allies is really and truly something pleasant to contemplate. " Gentlemen," he said to his Dover audience on Wednesday, " there are two securities for peace—the one is in perfect insignificance; the other is in a state of perfect power for defence. Th e secur i ty which arises from ~"','~' THEi SUN, LONDON ; FRIDAY VENING, AUGUST 30, 1861. insignificance England will of course never enjoy" —whereat, as a matter of course, the people listen ing—laughed. And Lord PALMERSTON then went on to say—" The security which arises from a state :of perfect defence, unconnected with any notions of aggression, not employed hastily against one, but continued solely and mainly with a deter mination to defend and maintain what we have— that security I trust the country will long continue to hold, and so far from that being a reason why the most friendly relations should not be main tained with every foreign power in the world, in my opinion, on the contrary, it is the only true, stable, and secure foundation on which those friendly relations and peace can for any Ilength of time be maintained." Often as this old argu ment has been employed before now in the same good cause—it has been here used so admirably well and with so much autho rity by Lord PALMERSTON, that we commend it almost as though it were something new to our (so-called) economical friends, or as we should rather put it, not so much economical as penny wise and pound foolish day-dreamers, the Advocates of Peace at any Price. Instead of allowing JOHN BULL to listen to the sound of approaching danger so as to afford him the opportunity of guarding himself rationally against it—these wiseacres would treat that old mariner, we suppose, somewhat as another "Ancient Mariner," to wit ULYSSES, was treated according to the Odyssey—thinking they have done everything cf course when they have stuffed his ears with cotton ! A capital device, not a doubt of it, in the one instance. But really not in the least applicable in the other. Perhaps the fact really is, however, after all, that it is no other than the Peace at any Price People themselves who have their own ears stuffed so tightly with Cotton —that they can't hear in the least those ominous threatenings of war that are all the while more or less audible to everybody else. no more, even with English eyes, we look at the message of the Emperor of AUSTRIA to his tool, the Reichsrath, the more we must see its intolerable arrogance and falsehood. "Every line a lie," we have already found to be true of its former half ; and nothing better can be said of the latter part. One of the most hateful features of it is, the old attempt to stir up the feelings of the petty nationalities which belong to the Kingdom of Hungary against her. The paternal and wheedling style is adopted in regard to them, in the hope that they may be led to keep aloof from Hungary, and accept separate municipal govern ment, and send their deputies to the Reichsrath. The history of their position since 1848 should not be forgotten. The Vienna Government, in that year, while professing to treat them as rebels, and even to war against them, because they attacked Hungary, was proved by the evidence of its own treacherous despatches to have stirred them up, by all kinds of magnificent promises of freedom and independence, and by bribing their leaders, to assail the Hungarians. Vanquished by the latter, but all soon after being brought by dint of Russian arms under the hoof of Austria, these partes annexe, as they are termed, of the Hungarian crown quickly found that their liberties had vanished with the independence of Hungary. Naturally, however, two evil consequences followed; first, the Hungarian laws of 1848 could not be made so favourable to these petty nationalities, as they would have been, in consequence of the rebellion amongst them which Austria had stirred up. Next, after 1849, and when all were placed by Russia under Austria, there was much bitter feeling remaining between the Hungarians and these provinces. One side felt that it had been deeply wronged, the other knew that it had done the wrong, and also saw that it had gained nothing by it ; indeed, the partes annexe lost the liberties they had before enjoyed. Ten years, however, of Austrian oppres sion and perfidy had healed these wounds by the time Austria received her great lesson at Solferino. Croats, Sclavonians, Dalmatians, and all, indeed, were willing to forget and forgive, and to reunite, as one kingdom of Hungary, in order to regain their liberties from Austria. It is to meet this formidable union that Austria is now using all her efforts to cajole and wheedle again all these petty provinces into acting sepa rately from Hungary. To some extent she has already succeeded, and hopcs to succeed yet more. The teaching of Austria consists in this :—That these countries have never been independent nations in regard to her, as Hungary was, and legally is, but that, even under Austrian rule, they have al ways formed a part of the kingdom of Hun gary, and belonged to the Hapsburgs for that reason. It is obvious that these pro vinces must be demented, if they can be again induced to separate themselves from Hun gary, and to amalgamate with Austria through sending deputies to the Reichsrath. The latter is a mere creation of the EMPEROR'S whim. The Hungarian Diet is an old and free assembly, in which they through their deputies have long en joyed a full and free representation. Austrian intrigues have succeeded, at present, in prevent ing Croatia from sending deputies to the Hun garian Diet—but it has also refused to send them to the Austrian Reichsrath. Hence the honied o make these utterly illegal, inconsistent, and re • volutionary documents tie unalterable basis of the future constitution of Hungary, as well as of the rest of the Empire. The Diet is lectured for having at first, certainly quite legally, refused to FRANCIS JOSEPH the title of King, and afterwards for having refused to take an illegal course at the bidding of the EMPEROR, It remains, therefore, now to be seen whether the will of the EMPEROR or that of the nation is to prevail—that of one man or that of many—of one man against law, of eleven mil lions on the side of law. Ile hopes to find Hungary penitent in six months, and touched to the heart with his " unexampled indulgence." We hope he will find her more resolved than ever, and yet more indignant at his unexampled effrontery. Would that a political earthquake might before that time shake him off his throne, and send him to enjoy the sea sir at Brighton. ' ,1 v TURIN, AUG. 30. The King will receive M. Benedetti, the new French Minister Plenipotentiary, on Saturday next. PARIS, Aro. 30. The ,Coniteur of to-day contains an Imperial decree, according to which foreign wheat and corn, no matter of what kind or whence exported, may be temporarily imported free of duty, for grinding under the conditions of the law of July 5, 1836. This decree also determined the conditions of re- exportation. Under the head of " Latest intelligence " La Patrie has the following : " Rear-Admiral Bonnard sails on the sth of Sep tember for Saigon. Detachments of troops destined to garrison our new colony in Cochin China have already left. The employes for working the electric telegraph, the Government press, for the post-office, finances, &c., are nearly all appointed, and will sail shortly for their destination." PESTI', AUG. 29 The Stadtholder, in an ordinance published to day, declares that the Comitat of Pesth, by its pro test against the dissolution of the Diet, has attacked the rights of the King, and orders the immediate discontinuance of the sittings of the Assembly of the Comitat. The conscripts have been ordered to assemble on the 9th of September. Any person preventing the soldiers from obeying the order will be tried by court-martial, and severely punished. THORN, AUG. 29, The Warsaw journals of yesterday publish an Imperial Rescript, addressed to General Lambert, the tone of which is conciliatory. The Emperor gives orders to General Lambert for the pacifica tion of the kingdom, with the co-operation of in telligent citizens, and promises that Poland shall in future enjoy greater independence. His Majesty also declares that he will entirely forget the events of the past. CANTERBURY HALL. After a lapse of five years, the renowned Sam Cowell, the prince of comic singers, makes his reappearance at the Canterbury Hall on Monday next. Our readers are no doubt aware that during the time above-mentioned this gifted son of Momus has been absent from the metro polis he has been making a tour of the States of America, and as such a journey must have thrown him into all sorts of company, a most comical description " Of moving accidents by flood and field" may most certainly be expected. We anticipate a cordial and enthusiastic wel come will be accorded to Mr. Cowell as some slight return for the thousands of times he has driven dull care away from the millions of the metropolis. The King of Sweden has arrived at Stockholm, having gone direct to that capital, without visiting Copen. hagen. The Duke and Duchess de Brabant will, it is said, proceed shortly into Germany. The Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury have left town to pass a few weeks at Jervaux Abbey, the seat of the noble marquis, in Yorkshire. The Earl and Countess Russell and family arrived at Abergeldie, near Balmoral, N. 8., where the noble earl and countess will reside for a month or six weeks. The Earl and Countess De Grey and Ripon and family left Carlton-gardens yesterday, for Studeley Park, near Ripon. The Earl of Abingdon and Ladies Bertie have arrived in town from Wytham Abbey, Oxfordshire. The Earl and Countess of Clarendon and Ladies Villiers, who are staying at Wiesbaden, are not expected to return home before the middle of October. The Earl and Countess of Caithness, accompanied by Lord Bernedale and family, arrived last week at Barre gill Castle, Caithness, for the winter. THE DEER.—Good sport, we are glad to hear, is being had in the forests. From Balmacaan we learn that on the 19th the Earl of Seafield brought down a fine stag of fully 16st. in the Deer Forest. On Satuday his lordship and party brought down three stags and three roe—all in fine condition. In the forest of Glenavon, on the 20th and 23d, Lord Henry Bentinck killed six fine stags— three of them, on the latter day, at " one stalk." A royal stag also fell to his lordship's rifle on Saturday. Lord March has brought down five or six fine stags in Glenfiddoch during the week. The deer (says a Glenavon correspondent)—have not been in such good con dition at this season of the year for a long time, and such beautiful heads are rarely to be seen.—Banfshire Journal. THE MOORS.—The weather at Auchterarder this week has been excellent for the moors—sunshine, with cooling breezes. The sportsmen are enjoying good sport, and this week a great number have been out on the moors in this neighbourhood. Their sport has been superior, though we have not yet ascertained the exact result. The partridge shooting commences in the beginning of the week, and scarcely have we had more favourable prospects for it. The partridges are numerous on all the estates here, and ag many as eighteen are seen frequently in a covey. They are also in excellent condition. A good number of crop fields will be cut before that, so that no obstacle fr ma this is ex - peoted. Several gentlemen intend commencing next week to the shooting, though for some reasons of late they have postponed shooting, that the birds might get better, there being no necessity for that this year. Both hares and roe deer are very numerous, and many of these in splendid con dition, owing to the fine pasture season.—Scotsman. SAVE YOUR RaGs.—Something may surely be done by every family towards putting a stop ta the enor mous waste of paper material. The refuse, which has hitherto found its way to the dast heap, as though fit only for manure, should be preserved in bags kept for the pur pose, and should be handed over to the rag merchant. If the remuneration received for it be small, the trouble is not gnat, and the benefit conferred upon the public will be considerable ; besides the collateral advantages that must spring from fostering a habit of wise economy and thrift. Every family which values education, and wishes well to the cause of cheap literature, will render what help they may by scrupulously saving their rags, waste paper, and other paper material. Coald not the rag merchant, or the paper manufacturer, on his part, organise some means of collection at stated periods ? Contractors find it worth their while to fetch away our dust, and pay handsomely for it, employing a proper staff of servants ; will it be believed that our linen and cotton rags are less valuable ?—Cassell's Illustrated Family Paper. DETERIORATION OF THE COINAGE.—It has been discovered by the Mint authorities that the intelligent or intelligible life of coins is much shorter than it was prior to the introduction of the railway system and cheap travelling. People move about now more frequently than they used, and so does money. Whether the former wear out sooner from their greater activity is a problem for social economists, but that the latter does is certain. Towards the close of the last centnry, careful experiments deduced the fact that deteriora tion among ten year old silver coins of the various denomi nations was as follows :—Crowns, 31 per cent. ; half crowns, 10 per cent.; shillings, 241 per cent. ; and six pences, 38 2-10ths per cent. Now the loss is nearly as fol lows, on coins of the same age :—Crowns, 5 per cent.: half- I crowns, 12 per cent. ; shillings, 30 per cent. ; sixpences, 45 per cent., and threepences over 50 per cent. ! This increase is evidently due to " fast living," so to speak, and the weakest individuals, or at any rate the smallest, suffer most from its consequences. The gold coinage does not deteriorate in anything like the same ratio, and this from obvious causes. It is not subjected to anything like the same course of treat ment. It moves in higher and more circumscribed circles, is only a legal tender when of legal weight, and is there fore nursed with more care under the porte nionnaie sys tem. Of copper and bronze moneys, pence and halfpence suffer the most rapid deterioration, farthings being the longest lived of the three denominations. They are all tokens of value merely, and their shortcomings are less noticed, and, indeed, of far less consequence to the public. A suffi cient time has not yet elapsed to enable us to judge of the durability of the bronze coinage, but from the hardness o the metal of which it is composed, compare , ively with that of copper, we prognosticate for it greater longevity. Once oxydation has done its work of deepening the colour and hardening the surface of the bronze, it will undoubtedly become more sightly and less subject to loss by abrasion or "waste" than it is in its present transition state.—Afechanics' Magazine. EDUCATION AND PAPER.—Education promotes wealth. The country never was so wealthy as it is now, for this reason—that it never was so well educated. Paper is one of the chief means of education, and rags are the material of paper. Rags, then, promote wealth ; wealth, in its turn, increases the production of rags. When people are badly off, they keep their rags to wear ; when they are prosperous, they sell them to the rag merchant, or possibly throw them away. The demand exceeds the supply, and paper is very dear. Yet, so long as the Country is prospe rous, rags, with proper economy, ought to be plentiful, and statistics prove that, in point of fact, they are so. The quantity of paper manufactured in Great Britain in which rag is used is about 60,000 tons. Deducting from this 10,000 tons made from cotton and linen waste and bagging, we have 50,000 tons remaining, which would require about 70,000 tons of rags. At present we import 11,000 tons, and, con sequently, we are using 15 per cent, of foreign material, the supply from our thirty millions of population being deficient to that amount. The Americans, with twenty three millions of population, manufacture 90,000 tons of paper from rags, and, as they import £150,000 value of rags, it follows that only about five per cent. of foreign material is used in America. The Americans, therefore, somehow or other, get hold of immensely more rags or paper material than we do, although the facilities for collecting from dif ferent parts of that continent must be much less than we enjoy. Now is this to be accounted for ? A recent pam phleteer answers the question :—" Clearly the source which enables them thus to produce a far greater quantity of rag paper than the United Kingdom must be traced to a more rigid economy in the preservation and collection of materia'. If it is taken into consideration that all fabrics of daily use, manufactured of cotton, linen hemp, jute, &c., after sub. serving the purpose to which they are originally applied, whether for personal apparel, bed-furniture, table .cloths, ships' sails, coal-pit ropes, corn-sacks, packing-cord, or any other of the multifarious purposes of consumption into which they enter, retain a great intrinsic value as material for paper, and that the consumption of the articles enume . • rated amounts to no less than, say, 300,000 tons annually, whilst, as will be shown, scarcely half of this quantity of material is collected, it w ill b e f ree l y a d m i tted that we are . . very far from having exhausted the elastic capabilities of home resources."—Cassell's illustrated Family Paper. words of the EMPEROR to these nationalities. The question for them now is—shall we enjoy more freedom by maintaining our old relation to the independent and free kingdom of Hungary, or by yielding to Austrian persuasions ? There can be no doubt of the answer from past experi- ence; and it is quite certain that the future wi give the same. The Hungarians, whom the EM PEROR convened separately from the nationalities wisely refused to pass laws till the Diet was made complete by the deputies of the latter being summoned also. But it wisely also did more—it appointed a committee which drew up a report of the plans by which the Hungarians desired to effect perfect equality between Hungary, Tran sylvania, Croatia, &c., in regard to language especially—the great difficulty—and in regard to thorough civil and religious equality, which was perfectly easy. This report must, one would think, tell on the nationalities ; it is drawn up by Hungarians, and is known to be no mere bribe, but to express their long formed, and eherished sentiments. It is the undoubted desire of the Magyar portion of the kingdom that every language, race, and religion within the ter ritories of Hungary should enjoy the most unquali fied e quality of rights and privileges ; and the re- by persons who have port is evidently drawn up sincerely at heart the cause of liberty and equality. This could be said of no Austrian document—cer- ainly not of this lying and audacious message. Austria desires equality—the equality of equal slavery. The Magyars proffer from their hearts, to all, the equality of liberty. The most impudent lie in this part of the Message is that which asserts ,hat the Hungarians by their enactment caused the war between themselves and the pastes annexce eleven years since. The sole and single cause of the war was the infamous treachery of Austria, her money, and her promises. The latter chiefly, be cause they cost nothing. The Message concludes with re-affirming the Im perial diplomas, and the ExPEitoi's determination FRANCE. PARIS, THURSDAY. The Imperial Court to-day delivered judgmen in the affair of M. Mires. The Court expunged from the former judgment the charge of fraud, and also the charge of fraudu lently appropriating 21,247 shares of the Caisse des Chemins de Fer, because M. Mires restored them in time. As regards the other charges, the Court concurred in the view of the first judges, and, as the acts on which these charges were founded had been frequently repeated by M. Mires, and had caused a great scandal and enormous loss to private indi viduals, affirmed the sentence already pronounced. M. Mires was, moreover, condemned in the costs of the appeal. As regards the appeal of Count Simeon, the decision of the first judges was con firmed. The Paris evening papers state that the English squadron left Naples and returned to Malta on the 26th inst. Lord Clyde is expected at the Camp of Chalons, after visiting which he will proceed to Germany. The Pays of this evening says,— " The interview between the Emperor and the King of Prussia will not take place until after the latter's coronation." BOURSE, Aug. 29.—Two o'clock.—The Bears have struggled hard to bring down prices prior to the settlement, but their attempts have not been attended with much success, prices remaining firm within a shade of the closing prices of yesterday. Threes, for the Account, are now at 68f. 80c. Railway Shares quiet, with but little variation. Three o'clock.—The following are the last quo. :ations:— 4t per per Cents 9B 50 Credit Fancier ....1245 Do end month OS GO; Belgian 4i •. • ....., 10] 3 per Cents Do, end month 6B 80 Roman Bank Shares 2898 75 ; Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 757 50 I Spanish Threes 4B 75 Do, Account 760 —1 Home Debt .. 47 50 RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans l4lB 75 .. 1420 Northern 9Bl 25 .. 982 50 New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1023 75 .. 1025 Geneva 350 .. 351 2.5 Southern Western Eastern Sardinian 366 25 .. 367 50 Austrian Lombard ITALY. Bullier's Correspondence publishes a circular note, dated August 24, addressed by Baron Ricasoli to the diplomatic agents of Italy abroad, explaining the state of affairs in the Neapolitan provinces, and replying to those who counsel him to renounce the union " that the Italian nation is constituted, and that all that is Italy belongs to it." Baron Ricasoli, in explaining the state of affairs in the Neapolitan provinces, compares the present troubles to those which occurred in France, Eng land, and Spain at different periods of transition. He declares the movement in Naples to be in no way a political one, but simply an affair of brigand age and pillage. Of the 15 Neapolitan provinces be says five only, namely, those which are near to the Papal frontier, are given up to brigandage. He then gives a his tory of the brigandage which at different periods has desolated the kingdom of Naples. He speaks in severe terms of the former Nea- p ditan army, which, although composed of 180,000 men, well armed and equipped, fell back before a handful of heroes, and who since have abandoned themselves to brigandage, sometimes carrying the Bourbon flag, which they have dis honoured by not defending, as they now dishonour it by making it the emblem of assassination and rapine. Baron Ricasoli regrets to state that the brigandage in Naples is the hope of the European reactionary party which has placed its citadel in Rome. The ex-King of Naples coins money at Rome for the payment of the brigands. The Peter's pence serve to enrol brigands in all parts of Europe. Their arms and ammunition come from Rome. The late perquisitions and arrests made by the French troops leave no doubt on the subject. The connivance of the Roman Court with the Neapolitan brigandage is evident. Baron Ricasoli hopes that these facts will furnish a powerful argument, and will demonstrate that the temporal power is not only condemned by the irresistible logic of national unity, but is become incompatible with the civilisation of mankind,which cannot tolerate acts of brigandage to be prepared in the very centre of the Catholic Church, with the connivance and encouragement of the Ministers of him who represents God nn earth. Rome, by ad vancing on thi s p a th, compromises her reli g i ous interests without saving her worldly interests. This universal conviction will materially assist the Italian Government in the task which it cannot decline— namely, to render to Italy, and at the same time to restore to the Church, liberty and dignity. AUSTRIA. The Vienna Gazette publishes a report of the Commission on the public debt, which shows that, in 1860, in the midst of profound peace, the debt was increased by more than 25,000,000 florins. The Nord remarks as follows on this fact : —" Forced to struggle against the most serious complications at home, and to provide for the eventualities which are being prepared abroad, the Great Power which aspires to the perilous and equivocal honour of representing alone in Europe the Conservative principle, is on the brink of a gulf which may at any moment swallow it up.,, SPAIN. According t) some of the Madrid journals of the 25th, the Ispana states that the ex-King of Naples has directed all his consuls who have been superseded by those nominated by the Govern meat of Turin, to transfer their archives and papers not to the latter, but to Spanish consuls. The acquittal of the Conteihporaneo, mentioned yesterday, was followed by another trial of the same journal for another article offensive to the Government, and a condemnation to a fine of ten thousand reals was pronounced, The Constitu• cionel had been seized for the publication of a Paris letter. THE AFFAIRS OF MEXICO. The news from Mexico is the most favourable that, under the circumstances, could have been hoped, since it announces that the Mexican Govern ment and Congress, by attempting new acts of spoliation, have at length caused the representa tives of France and England to break off diplomatic intercourse, preparatory, it may be assumed, to more vigorous measures. As the Mexican impor tations this year are believed to have nearly doubled those of 1860, the proportion of the duties shall continue, or whether the British Government wiil order the ships of war stationed at Vera Cruz to insist upon their collection. Although the annual loss to this country is £300,000, the indifference manifested by our Foreign-office during the last three years to the personal and pecuniary outrages inflicted on British subjects has been such as to lead the Mexicans to rely upon perfect impunity, and it is probable that but for the determination of France not to tolerate any longer the existing state of affairs, our people would still have clamoured in vain for protection and redress. Hitherto the United States have interfered as far as possible to prevent any concerted action that might place the Republic in a position of respectability and strength, their avowed policy having been to contrive that the nation should " drink the cup of anarchy to the very dregs" until it should fall to them without a struggle. But these influences are now at an end at the very moment when the fruit is ready to drop, and there is good ground to hope that the present year will not close without the removal of the dis grace inflicted on the humanity and civilisation of all the countries of the world by the fact of their permitting the horrors of the last three years to continue. Bad as were the outrages of the Chinese they never exceeded those which, month by month, have been pepetrated on English subjects and other foreigners in Mexico, The following is from the Committee of Mexican Bondholders : " The Committee have received advices from Mr. Whitehead, dated June 29 and July 29, and from Messrs. Viya Brothers, dated Vera Cruz, the Ist instant. The repayment of the 660,000 doll. ap peared hopeless for the present. The repayment of the 400,000 robbed from the Laguna Seca Conducts was, as agreed on, in consideration of the present Government, to have taken place on the 11th of June, but not the smallest attempt was made to pro vide for it, and there is plainly a disposition on the part of the present. Government to repudiate their liability for the robbery committed on the bond holders by their adversaries. Meanwhile, Miramon lives in so le in Paris on the proceeds of this felony, and is said to have been presented to the Emperor by Gederal Almonte, and to be invited to the soirees of the Empress. On the publication of the law of the 29th of May, decreeing the con fiscation of one year's produce of the assign ments of the British bondholders, Sir Charles Wyke strongly remonstrated against the outrage, and intimated to the Mexican Government that serious consequences must follow unless they were attended to. Two days elapsed before he got any acknowledgment of his second letter from the Un der Sgcretary, and then it was merely to own receipt of his communications, and to say that they must lie over until the appointment of a Minister. One of the editors of the .'ig/o XIX. has since been nemed Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Mr. Munoz, for many years first clerk in the Treasury, a respectable man, for finance. But on the 17th of July Congress adopted another law, the first para graph of which suspends for two years all payments, including those of the assignments made in favour of the British debt and foreign conventions. As a measure of this sort, adopted without previous con sent, was a complete act of defiance towards England and France, the British and French Ministers gave the Mexican Government the alternative of with drawing this law within 48 hours or breaking off diplomatic relations, and as on the mornin g o f th e 26th of July they both received unsatisfa'ory re Alice, the boards have b een removed f rom the Legations, and Sir C. Wyke awaits her Majesty's pleasure. " The money in the hands of the agents in Mexico amounts altogether to about 120,000 dollars, the greater part of which is in the capital. There had been some talk of sending a conducta to Vera Cruz on the 25th of June, but owing to the reappear ance of Marques in those parts, a conducta is now out of the question for some time to come. There is a certain amount in menudo in Vera Cruz, but the agents there write that it would be impossible to procure 10,000 hard dollars, even by 50 and 100, at present, nor under a premium of 21 per cent. " There is a strong party continually urging Juarez to resign, and the Congress had elected General Gonzales Ortega President ad interim of the Supreme Court of Justice. This is significant, as he thus becomes virtually Vice• President of the country. " General Comonfort was in 'Monterey, and was reported to have been proclaimed President of the Republic by Vidaurri. " Marques, after having levied 100,000 dols. on the Real del Monte Company, proceeded in the direction of Puebla, followed by General Ortega, who had, however, according to the last accounts, suspended the pursuit at Cuer , avaca and stopped there. Very little hope seemed to be entertained that an end would be put to the present anarchy and virtual diss o l u ti on o f th e F e d erat i on without the armed intervention of some powerful nation. All eyes were directed to what England was going to do." THIS DAYS MARKETS. CORN EXCHANGE. Fresh up to this morning's market the arrivals of new English wheat were only moderate, and the demand for it ruled steady, at full prices. Old qualities were quite neg lected, and the quotations were nominal. In foreign wheat, the show of which was moderately ex tensive, sales proceeded slowly; nevertheless, prices were supported. Floating cargoes of grain were in fair but by no means active request, at late rates. All kinds of barley moved off slowly, on previous terms The supply of new qualities was small. Fine malt was in fair demand at full currencies ; but in ferior kinds were slow sales on former terms. Good and fine oats were firm in price; otherwise the in. quiry ruled slow at about previous rates. Both beans and peas were dealt in to a limited extent a late currencies. In the value of flour no change took place. Superior marks quite supported former prices. ARRIVALS THIS WEEK. Whe it. Barley. Malt. Oats. Flour. 2,270 / 130) 1,650 250 960 1ri5h............ 1 390 F0reign........ 21,320 400 11,140 ) 1,430 sack 19,710 brls. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. Moderately good supplies of meat are on sale here, Good and prime qualities move off steadily, at full prices, Otherwise, the trade rules inactive, at our quotations. Per Sib. by the carcase. a d a d ' ads d Inferior beef .. 2 10 3 4 Middlingmutton 3 10 4 2 Middling do. .. 36 3 8 Prime do .. 44 4 8 Frime large do. 3 10 4 0 Veal Do. small d 0... 4 0 4 4 Small pork Large pork .... 4 2 4 6 Lamb Inferior mutton. 3 2 3 6 BOROUGH HOP. The late warm weather having been very beneficial for the production of hops the duty has advanced to fully £ 50,000, and our market is very dull, at next to nominal currencies. Sales can only be effected by submitting to further reduced rates. Mid and East Kent pockets 80s to 200 s per cwt. Wealds .. 70s 170 s „ Sussex Yearlings COLONIAL. TEA.—There has been a limited business transacted, and prices have remained without material alteration. SEGAR. —The market has been dull. Previous quota tions, however, have be en genera lly well sustained, and re fined descriptions have shown a slight advance. COFFEE.—Good and fine qualities o f plantation Ceyl on have been in better request, and realised enhanced rates. Other descriptions were without any material change in value. RICE.—The demand for East India has been more active, and late quotations are well maintained. SALTPETRE.—Business has been exceedingly inactive, and the few dealings entered into were at former prices. TALLow.—The marke t ha s continued moder a t e ly active. P.Y.C. on the spot is quoted 4 7a Gd to 48s ; and last th ree mouths, 47s 6d per cwt. IBELAN.D. DUBLIN, THURSDAY, The Queen is expected to arrive in town about G o'clock this evening, and to proceed to Kingstown without any delay, except what still ho occasioned by a circuitous progress through the city. Accord ing to a notice issued by the police, the route will be as follows :—Along the quays, north side, to Capel-street, up Capel-street to Mary-street, and along Mary -street and Henry -street to Sackville street, down Sackvitle-street and through West moreland-street, Grafton -street, and Nassau-streets to Westland-row. Kingstown Harbour was covered yesterday with boats carrying visitors to and from the Victoria and Albert. Scores of them were to be seen, with out a moment's intermission, pressing on with their freights of people of all classes —conveyed " therii and back" for 6d, a-head, and struggling to get sear the ladder, where one of the officers of the Royal yacht stood inspecting the tickets and others hand ing up the ladies. The officers were remarkably obliging and patient, and they certainly had no sinecure. Every one seemed charmed with the' arrangements on board, which were in such per fect taste, and so admirably adapted for conve nience, comfort, and health, exhibiting the beauty of utility, without anything bordering on the gaudy magnificence so often associated with Royal uphol stery. Several of the crew conducted a succession of parties through the vessel, beginning with the kitchen and ending with the saloon on deck. Then the visitors departed from the opposite side of the yacht, an arrangement which prevented confusio,o, The kindness of her Majesty in so freely permit Ginn people to view the apartments on board has been. very gratefully appreciated. In reference to the sailing powers of the Victoria and Albert, the Dublin Evening Mail says : " The following simple facts, the authenticity of which we can vouch for, suffices to set at rest the question respecting the comparative speed of the Queen's yacht and the City of Dublin Company's mail steam squadron :—The Leinster made her trial trip over the measured mile at Stokes Bay, Southampton, a knot an hour faster than the Victoria and Albert. The average passage of the Leinster, Connaught, and Munster, taken for the three months just ended, was three hours and, 42 minutes. The Connaught brought over the Prince of Wales from Holyhead in three hours and 36 minutes, against a strong head wind. The Victoria, and Albert was three hours and 58 minutes, making the same passage on Wednesday last in smooth water." There has been a mutiny at the Duncannon Fort, which commands the mouth of the Suir. The Waterford Mail of this day states that on Tuesday morning a party of the Royal Artillery arrived in Waterford by the Tintern, Duncannon steamer, with 15 of the mutineers-14 gunners and one bom bardier—on their way to Cork, where they are to be tried by court-martial, with 15 others of the same battery, who had been previously sent thither under an escort of 50 men. A fatal catastrophe occurred yesterday morning, about 7 o'clock, by which six men lost their lives. Within the last few days the shoals of herrings off the eastern coast have been greater than have been known for many years, and the owners and crews of the numerous fishing craft have been on the alert to take advantage to the utmost of the unwonted supply. A IR_ ger called the Goldseeker, the pro perty of Mr. Kelly, of Kingstown, was making for Howth, fully freighted with herrings and having a crew of eight men on board, when she was caught in a squall from the south-west and went down in seven fathoms. None of the other trawlers were near enough to give timely assistance to the poor fellows who struggled in the water. At length all but two sank to rise no more. One of the men who were saved held up the other for more than an hour. Both when rescued were almost dead front exhaustion. They were brought to Howth, a dis tance of seven miles, in a lugger, and placed in the St. Lawrence Hotel, where the usual efforts have been made to restore them. They were themselves unable to give any account of the occurrence. FRENCH STATESAIEN HED THEIR PUBLIC A DDRESoES. The Presse thus comments upon the late impor• taut speeches of M. de la Guerroniere and M. de Morny, at La Haute-Vienna and Puy de Dome The Vieueet de la Uuerroniere in the course of his address to the Council General of La Haute- Vienna spoke, while alluding to the decree of the 24th of November, of " the political liberty which had been spontaneously and voluntarily conceded." We already protested yesterday against this phrase in the name of the principles of 1789, as the word concession is synonymous with octroi. The object of all political association is, according to the constitution of 1791, the maintenance and pro tection of the natural and immutable rights of man. These natural and immutable rights consist of liberty, &c. Assuming that a right is natural and unalienable it obviously follows that it is virtually possessed, or at least that it virtually exists, even at the very period that its exercise is arbitrarily and temporarily prohibited. In point of fact France enjoyed that right and exercised it during 37 years, and the Government, putting aside the spontaneousness of the act of the 24th of Novem ber, which we are not prepared to deny, was not in a position either to octroyer' (accord), or to con cede' us our liberty ; it did nothing more, because it could do nothing more, than to return it to us. M. le Viscomte de la Guerroniere proceeds t) say in another portion of his remarkable address— " With teis combination of institutions so admi rably adapted to check abuses and to produce im mense good, who can now pretend to say that France is not free ?" M. le Comte de Morny does not go quite so far in his speech to the Conseil Ge neral of the Puy de Dome. After stating that his heart rejoices every time he sees his country pre sented with a fresh grant of liberty from the hands of the Sovereign, he adds ,"I rejoice above all when that granted liberty is of a commercial or civil de scription ; because it is my opinion that the enjoy ment of such liberties should precede the concession of liberties of a political nature, and that they are less likely to produce difficulty and dangers." It follows naturally, then, according to the above quotation, that M. le Comte de Moray give us leave to hope at some future period for what we are con gratulated by M. le Viscomte de la Guerroniere upon having already obtained. " Nor must the importance of the said decree of the 24th of November be too much exaggerated. With regard to the liberty of the press experience has long proved that it constitutes the safeguard of ill the other liberties which a people can enjoy. We hasten here to acknowledge, with considerable satisfaction, that a recent decree has materially im proved the status of the public journals in France, and has rendered their position--indeed, their very existence—less perilous and less precarious. We must not forget that we still live under the regime of press' warnings,' permissions to publish, and pre liminary authorisations, &c. We do not deny that the administration uses the absolute power with which it is invested moderately enough, and much has of late been granted to us. We profit, it is true, by this toleratio n , s till we cannot but remember s that we do n o t exerc i se a right. As long a s this state of things ex i s t s , as long as our right is no t established an d p roper l y d ef i ned by the as long as we cannot exercise that right withinke limits cer tain acknowledged and distinctly ma d r as long as (and of course at our personal risk), e les u s s ed .w w e it a h re libe N rt o y r them, shall be directly amenable. d nary court our errors, if we have the misforttouti the o Govern mentcommit itself, instead of to the or . s, shall not esteem ourselves s u o ad b as they would wish to pars can we receive ambiguous comp li ments of this kind, with the utmost reserve. even when they emanate from statesm en , except Fulton, from N ew York, on the 17th ARREST OF A SECESSIONIST W ITH £40,000.—8y inst., we learn that an arrest of a supposed agent of the rebels was ma de o n the 16th, A passenger from Liverpool by the Persia, named S errell, who, it is alleged, boasted wh il e on the voy age that he was the bearer of a large sum the arrival of t he of money for the use of the rebel government, was arrested by the United States Custom-house officers, on information received from the other passengers, and upon searching his baggage the sum of 200,000 dols. in Bank of England notes was found therein. lie was taken to the District Attorney's office, and admitted to bail in the sum of 40,000 dols. SURAT COTTON GOING TO THE UNITED STATES. —ln a paragraph under the above heading in our publica tion of Tuesday it was stated that 15,000 bales of Surat cotton were last week exported to New York. We have reason t 5 believe that the following are the circumstances which gavo rise to the statement:—Some time since 20 bales of Surat were sent to the United States by way of sample. On Saturday last an eminent firm purchased 15,000 bales Surat on speculation, but as yet not one bale of that lot has been weighed over. A short time since 500 bales American were shipped to Now York, and several small orders have been executed on American account, pro bably with the expectation of shipment at a Nturo period; -+ Manchester Examiner, A