The Sun. — London, England, 1861-10-04 00:00:00

2HE NAVY. -.0.- Tho Wellesley, 72, flagship at - Chatham, having been ordered by the Admiralty to be used as a training ship for boys and lads entered for the navy, is to have her present sea-going rigging removed, and to be jury-rigged. About 150 lads have been already transferred to her from the various ships lying at Chatham and Sheerness, and as fast as boys enter at either of those ports they will be sent on board for training. The system of entering what are termed novicesfor thenavy is to be discontinued, experience having demonstrated that boys below a certain age invariably make the best seamen. The Defence, 22, iron frigate, is being fitted at Chatham dockyard with Cunningham's patent top sails, under the direction 'of the inventor. The Resistance, 22, at Sheerness, is also to be fitted with the same invention. His Royal Highness the Grand Duke Constan tine of Russia is expected to visit Chatham, for the Purpose of inspecting the garrison, dockyard, and other naval establishments. Directions have been given that he shall be received with the honours due to his rank. The following is an official return of additional deaths from yellow fever which have occurred be tween the 2d and 19th of September on board vessels stationed at Halifax. On board the Jason: —James J. Palmer, of Portsmouth, engineer's ser vant ; G. Cunningham, Lurlong, Ireland, ordinary; and R. Johns, Cumsund, Cornwall, Capt. F. C. On board the Spiteful and the Racer :—R. Nash, Lon don, ordinary ; Edwin Tryer, Maidstone, B. 2 C. ; W. Tyrrell, Rotherhite, carpenter's crew; and G. Harris, Quebec, A.B. The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty:—Henry Winstanley, Assist.- Paymaster, to the Dauntless; Septimus B. Applin, Assist.-Clerk, to the Impregnable (supernumerary) ; Henry T. Grenfell, Midshipman, to the Warrior ; Frederick De Lisle, Naval Cadet, to the Malacca. The undermentioned gentlemen have been nomi nated to Naval Cadetships :—Frederick Vernon Isaacateginald Ow B. Carey, Richard C. T. Blunt, Victor Bradshaw, James H. Chowne, Lord Lewis Gordon, James Lacon Hammit, Lewis Tobias Imes, Edward J. Bawtree, Harry Treffoy, John G. F. Kerr, Henry J. Knight, Sydney A. Roberts. and Charles Maximilian Western. THE ARM 2 The following General Order was promulgated yesterday at Portsmouth : Portsmouth, Oct. 2, 1861. General Order.—His Royal Highness the General Com manding-in-Chief, having been roost highly gratified by the general appearance and efficiency of the troops he has this day inspected in the garrison of Portsmouth, desires to ex press his satisfaction to Major-General Lord W. Paulet at the high state of order and discipline in which he found the garrison, reflecting equal credit on the general, on com manding officers of corps, and on the troops themselves. By order. RICHARD AIRE; Quartermaster-General. his Royal Highness yesterday visited the new fort at Lumps and the works at Eastney, both in the vicinity of Southsea Castle. At 11 a.m., accom panied by his suite, he visited the Warrior. He then embarked on board the Fire Queen steam ten der, to inspect the defences at the Needles and the new Military Hospital at Netley. He returned to the Southampton Docks yesterday evening, and left immediately by the 710 train for London. . Gen: Sir R. Dacres, K.C.8., commanding at Woolwich, yesterday, as a termination to his half yearly inspection, assembled the whole of the force under his command, otherwise unemployed, to carry out the details of a sham attack of the garrison. At 10 o'clock the spacious review-ground fronting the Royal Artillery station presented the appearance of a battle-field on the eve of action. A long line of skirmishers, belongibrro the Military Train, lay hidden in front of the ditch, or haha, separating the barrack field from the high road and the common, and divisions of cavalry and field batteries were posted in advantageous positions, threatening a speedy attack. Two troops of the sth Royal Lancers, in command of Capt. Boyd, three battalions of , fantry, in chief- com man d o f C o l. Campbell, cora- I mandant of the Royal Marines, together with Gen: Dacres and the headquarters staff, occupied a pro minent position in the barrack field. About an hour was then consumed by the Brigade-Major, the De puty-Assist.-Quartermaster-General, and other field officers, in examining the positions, communicating with headquarters, and receiving instructions. At 11 o'clock the infantry commenced their movement, when a sharp fire was thrown in from the Military Train skirmishers, in command of Major Hill, who were provided with 26 rounds of ammunition. It was followed by a brisk cannonade from the Arm strong guns. The rapid advance of the infantry— namely, two battalions of Royal Marines, com manded by Col. Hopkins, C. 8., Aide-de-Camp to her Majesty, and Lieut.-Col. Marriott, and one bat talion of Royal Artillery, in command of Colonel D'Aguilar, C.B.—forced the skirmishing party to a speedy retreat in rear of the batteries. The infantry had crossed the ditch, and the cavalry and batteries had charged through the gate, which was left un guarded, and a hot contest ensued. The firing of the infantry was delivered in volleys, and with the most remarkable precision, which the gunners were un able to withstand. After firing several rounds they were forced to retreat. The front then changed position, and the battle was renewed with increased energy. The enemy, stationed near the Dover-road, fled over the brow of the hill and took shelter for a short time at the back of the Royal Military Aca demy, firing heavy volleys on the advancing foe with good effect. The gunners then limbered up, and, together with the infantry, hurriedly retreated, and the chance of success appeared to be lost, when the squadron of Lancers and the troop composing the Riding-house establishment, in command of Col. Henry, V.C., made a desperate charge to the front, and ultimately swept the field. The cavalry wore then perceived advancing down the hill, when the infantry formed into three squares, opposed their progress, and followed up.their success by a pursuit in double quick time on the enemy's lines; and the contest, after being carried on with much vigour for two hours, was brought to a close. The. General and Staff then assembled on the flag sta tion, and the troops filed past in slow and quick time, and returned to barracks. On the recommendation of the Ordnance Select Committee the Secretary of State for War, with the concurrence of the Duke of Cambridge, has directed the following modifications and alterations to be made in the Armstrong guns :—ln lieu of the pre sent pattern plugs, gun metal plugs with tarred string loops attached are to be adopted. Metal plug s for the fuse holes of 40 pounder and 100 Pounder shells, being superior in durability, and h aving the advantage of being interchangeable for all naval shells having the larger fuse holes, are also to be adopted. Brass washers for Armstrong time fuses are present from also to be substituted for the iron washers at use, tine latter being found to corrode di th e i r contact with the powder beneath. The araete r of each is 1.06 in. ; width, 0•215 in, ; 3 drs. 18 grs. thickness,The following 0 . 065 m. ; and . weight, tattodlow.in— g modifications are also ordered tosbeerew for the the . time . fuse : the thread of the I the tightening nut in the head of the fus e je cut in the con trary direction to the turn of the rifling, so that the shock of the discharge shall h ave a tenden c y t o tighten instead of loosening it. Indiartiliber, covered with thin paper, will be inserted to prevent its a d.., hesisn to the opposite surface, and an adapter or co llar, made of brass, is to be secured in the time fuse when used for 40-pounder and 100-p ounder shells, by which arrangement one time face Will I answer for all kinds of projectiles. . The 24 pounder, 18-pounder, and 12.ponnder car ronadcs, removed from the forts and batteries at Chatham, were yesterday shipped on board the War Department transport Henry, for removal to Wool wich, where they will be broken up and recast into guns and shot, that description of ordnance being now out of date, The Henry also shipped several hundred cases of case and grape shot belonging to the carronades, a great deal of which has been in store at Chatham upwards of 30 years without having been used. Yesterday the volunteering for the Royal Marine Artillery from t llO Muilaeo terminated at Chatham. Only those volunteers are accepted who are of good character, possessed of a fair average education, and at least 5 feet 8 inches in height. INTENDED VISIT OI THE KING OF PRUSSIA TO FRANC.E. (From the Times.) If our sympathy would only follow our interest as the shadow does the substance, how durable would be our friendships, how easy and placid our existence! The court of Sir Cresswell Creswell would be shut up, were it not that sympathies end antipathies are constantly overpowering that ten dency to union which the common interest of hus band and wife engenders. The interests of our landed proprietors were all in favour of free trade and railroads ; yet how bitterly were free trade and railroads opposed by them all from a misdirected sympathy. The trite remark is not true, that men and nations are uniformly governed by their real interests. They are not even governed by what they believe t o b e so. Passion and prepdice, likings, and aversions, have their full sway in poli tical as well as in private life, and we must know something more than the interest of a community before we can form any opinion how it will act. Were interest to be the only guide, nothing could be mere cordial than the understanding between ' England an d P russia. We are unable t o point to any subject on which their interests are not abso lutely identical. The Prussian monarchy is'a hun dred and sixty years old, and twice during that period—during the Seven Years' War and the wars of Napoleon—Prussia has stood side by side with England in a contest for life and death against France, and on both occasions England and Prussia have been successful. So much for history. They are both Protestant Powers, and have so much 1 agreement in matters of reli g i on th a t t h ey actually joined jin the establishment of a bishopric at Jeru salem. It is the interest of England that Germany should be united, and united as a counterpoise to France I and united under the leading Protestant rather than under the leading Roman Catholic State, and rather under a State which has no Hun gary and no ,Venice to distract its attention and dissipate its powers. The professions, though not, certainly, the actions, of Prussia lead us to believe that she also considers this to be her interest. We have striven to draw the bands -of amity closer by uniting to the heir apparent of the Prussian Monarchy a Princess in whose welfare the people of England feel a very deep and sincere in terest. Yet with all these common ,objects of desire, there is no room for rivalry, commercial, political, or martial, between England and Prussia. England relies mainly on her navy, Prussia en tirely on her army, one of the most numerous in Europe. England is a manufacturing, Prussia mainly an agricultural country. Both nations are offshoots of the great Teutonic family. Each speaks a language kindred to thelanguag e of the other and traceable to the same o r i g i na l, a nd each stands out in marked contrast to the Latin nations of the west and south-west of Europe. One would have thought that nothing was left to two nations so situated but the happy idea of the English noble man inn. Canning's play of " The Anti-Jacobin"— " A sudden thought strikes me; " let us swear eternal friendship." This, however, is by no means the case. In spite of all the pretty things which were said at the late Reviews we feel that with everything in the world to bring them together except mutual sympathy, for want of that feeling the two nations care little for each other. We can not help it; we can only regret it for the present, and hope better things for the future. A report has been going the round of the Paris papers, and has, indeed, given rise to exceedingly i elaborate le a di ng ar ti c l es an d suggestive pamph- 1 lets, that Prussia, weary of looking towards Eng land, is about to essay a new combination in the singular form of an alliance with France. We have shown that the interests of Prussia and Eng land are identical, and we may add that, according to our view, the interest of Prussia in such an alliance is very much greater than the interest of England. The reason why the statesmen of both eountries have always considered an alliance between them exceedingly desirable has been the common danger which they both incur from the ambitious and aggressive policy of France. Should Prussia be attacked—as we confess ap pears to us every day more probable—the fleets and armies of England might render her the most inestimable service ; while, if a war were to break out with England, the army of Prussia occu pying a long and straggling territory, could do but little against a well-defended frontier, and nothing whatever to arrest, like the Dutch in 1588, the dangers of a maritime invasion of England. We, I therefore, can a ff ord t o h ear t h e rumour of an alli , ance between Prussia and. France with some I equanimity. Th e p ersons w h o ought to be appalled at such a proceeding are the Prussian nation them selves. If one nation be threatened. by another, it undoubtedly does wisely to seek for allies to pro tect it against the coming storm, but to seek for them in any direction, except that from which an attack is apprehenthd. Prussia, which has so long been apprehensive of an attack from France, might draw closer her intimacy with England, might smooth over her differences with Austria, might seek for support in Russia, and endeavour to create a good feeling towards herself in the councils of Italy and Spain. An alliance would be politic with any 1 Power except the one from which she apprehends danger. An alliance with France may throw the Prussian Government off its guard, but cannot give the slightest security in case the Emperor should judge that the time has waived to give his army fresh occupation, and select Germany for his field of action. What protection would an alliance be under such circumstances ? France, once- tunnel pated from the control of treaties, and taught to look for a title to territories under the dominion of other Sovereigns —to the conquests of the Republic and the Empire —may just as well reclaim the boundary of the Rhine from a Prussian as the western slopes of the Alps from a Sardinian ally. The name by es hich. the Power the territory of which is wanted is called makes no manner of dif ference. It is just as easy to despoil an ally as a friend, and a friend as an acquaintance. But, while an alliance between France and Prussia could not be the slightest protection to her in the event of a war, which the most sanguine cannot consider as impossible, it would very materially compromise the position of Prussia in Germany, and injure the probability of. her success in a con test which must at the best be unequal. The fact that Prussia was seeking an alliance with France would at once, detach from her side all those smaller German States which a common fear and a common danger would otherwise range under her banners. We have not heard that Austria has sought the alliance of France, and we do not expect to hear it. Austria could not regard such a step as taken against herself, and be in conseypence the more estranged and the less likely to give Prussia assist ance when she needs it. All that an alliance with France might do would be to place difficulties in ' the way of Prussia, and to neutralize her power of given assistance to the smaller German States if attacked by France. It really would seem as if she meditated to play over again the melancholy policy wtsich led to such fatal results to Germany and herself in the revolutionary war that closed the last century. Satisfied that she was not attacked her self, Prussia allowed France to form, the Confedera tion of the Rhine, and twice to advance as a con queror into the neighbourhood of Vienna, without making the slightest effoi,t to arrest the impending danger, until at last, when she had no other choice but between war and submission, she was left to bear alone the whole weight of Napoleon's victorious armies. These are no times for trifling or vacilla tion. If Prussia is to maintain herself, it must be by all the strength she can muster, aided by all the support' she can conciliate. She has had the fullest warning, and has had ample time to put herself on her guard. If she employs that time in alienating her friends and strengthening her foes, she will have no cause either for surprise or complaint should the evils of 1806 again fall upon her. (From the Daily Aims.) Speculations as to the state of Count Bern storff's mind, the general drift of his inclina tions, and the probable course of the new policy, concealed for the present beneath his impenetra ble reserve, continue to occupy the attention of foreign journalists. Such speculations, if not very dignified or instructive, are at least natural, The more liberal and. enlightened amongst the Ger man organs of opinion are justly tired of seeing Prussian diplomacy the byeword and reproach of Europe. They had become impatient of the weak ness and obliquity which marked the foreign policy of the late Minister, as well as of the ambiguous and undignified petition which Prussi 3., as a natural result, holds amongst the Powers of Europe; and they are willing to hope from the Aew Premier a in moreact dignified, consistent, and decided course of ion. On the other hand, considering the rela tionsother, 'which France and Austria stand to each l u t e !: P p e r r u haps natural enough ' that the policy not jealously of the for tu tasian Minister should be closely if scrutinised in these countries. The mysterious ample conferencesmaterialsconjecture , at t eo b a l n en d tz th h e , a , e v c afforded materials have certainly been There is scarcely has not been hypothetically Minister by the ingenuity spondent or sagacious editor. corre- Russia has been talked of, any p rz oss ed ib t i o the full .eat a; coy : at. aettlrinil e of - or so uted te a the prospr policy - ,,„hi c h the new A. r 'cute , ompact with union with England have been . ; .;t 8 of a closer finally, as we noticed last week, ta scu ssed, and, jo a l DOOk griiycly oil:l' l 4DM an tou t u urn mul bug dee - -- gested the probability of an intimate alliance being speedily formed between Prussia and France. The last, and in many respects the most incredible, rumour of all is probably entitled to as much credit as any. .The Dresden Journal states " that after the coronation of the King of Prussia direct nego tiations will commence, with the object of establish ing more intimate relations with Austria ; and with this purpose a member of the royal family, perhaps the King himself, will visit Vienna towards the end of the autumn." On first hearing it, this intelli gence seems almost incredible, simply because such an alliance would be fatal to the true inte rests as well as to the reputation and influence of Prussia both at home and abroad. Austria is pre cisely the last Power in Europe that any State seeking to develops its resources, consolidate its strength, and advance in the path of political and commercial reform, would seek or accept as an ally. Alliance with Austria means alliance with a bankrupt exchequer, a defeated policy, and, a hopelessly divided empire. But injurious as such an alliance must always be, it would be peculiarly disastrous now. The Cologne Gazette asserts that the Prussian people will view every step of this kind with the greatest aversion. "We know only too well," adds this journal, " that Austria, after having exhausted her own energies in vain attempts to maintain her fatal dominion beyond the Alps, labours unceasingly to throw her ruinous burdens upon the shoulders of Prussia. What we hear of Count Bernstorff, or Minister of Foreign Affairs, seems to indicate that that diplomatist, whose views are not very broad, is disposed to associate Prussia with Austrian bankruptcy." The Bo4n Gazette is equally emphatic in its disapproval of the rumoured alliance. But a close alliance with Austria would go far to destroy the power and in fluence she still retains, What would be the re sult ? The union would be inevitably regarded by the other Powers as a revival of the Holy Alliance. The liberal and progressive character which Prussia, as the foremost State of Germany, claims for her self, would be destroyed; the path of national de velopment and gradual political reform would be abandoned ; and the Government of Berlin would be regarded throughout Europe as dynastic, reac tionary, and, in the worst sense of the term, con servative. The relation of Prussia to the other Powers would be at once altered. Having guaran teed Venice to Austria, she would of necessity as sume an attitude of determined hostility towards Italy. She would thus be wholly separated in policy from the Western Powers. And this sepa ration would beget a general feeling of alienation that could not fail to exercise a most disastrous in fluence not only on Prussia but throughout Ger many. Still, though these would be amongst the obvious and necessary results of the rumoured alliance, we are far from saying that the report is either un founded or improbable. It unfortunately harmo nises too well with what is known of Count Berns torn character to admit of this. The new Minister is undoubtedly a man of considerable diplomatic ability and experience. But he has never displayed, and unhappily cannot be assumed to possess, any of the higher qualities that constitute a statesman. He has no breadth of view, no genuine largeness or libe rality of mind, no grasp of political principles, no fertility of resources or mental dexterity in dealing with difficult and complicated questions of policy. His tastes and predilections are all not only essen tially but strongly aristocratic and conservative. He has no genuine sympathy with popular rights or liberal institutions. In a word, he belongs to a class of public men who, unfortunately for Germany, have genera.lly been at the head of affairs in Berlin, and whose influence has determined the policy of the Prussian Government. These men, notwithstand ing their ability and accomplishments, are the vic tims of aristocratic tradition and routine. Their one specifies for a strong Government and a prosperous state is a large standing army at home and imposing alliances abroad. They ignore the popular and active forces which constitutes the real strength of a state. They ignorantly overlook the real sources of the wealth and prosperity of the country. Instead of labouring to rouse and strengthen the political intel ligence of the people, and develop the commercial resources of the country, they indulge in military displays at home, and seek military associates abroad. Count Bernstorff belongs essentially to this class. The country is, however, fast outgrow ing this narrow scheme of government, while the public men themselves are beginning to perceive the necessity for wider views and a more liberal policy. We can only hope that the new Minister may prove more accessible to this wholesome popular influence than we fear may prove to be the case. On the peculiar project we have discussed the Prussian Diet has already spoken out. The Diet solemnly protests, in its Address to the King, against any sacrifice on the part of Prus sia for the sake of Venetia. Such a protest must have its influence, and may, perhaps, help to avert a disastrous alliance with retrograde and despotic powers. (From the ,71orn?')eg Test.) In one thing at lest the Kin- , of Prussia re sembles his l a t e b ro th er . Though' not so much of a scholar and an artist as Fecderie William 111., the actually reigning monarch is fully es changeful and capr'cious as the last. Two months ago it was an understood thing at Berlin that the earlier royal intention of the spring had been abandoned, and that there was to be no interview between the Emperor of the French and the Prussian King; but since the mouths of July and August a new chunge has come over the spirit of the heir of the House of Hohen zollern, and, if we are to believe Court chronicles, his Majesty is really to be present at Compiegne on Sunday next. Sensible men in Germany, France, and England cannot but applaud this last and latest move. It will open " fresh fields and pastures new" to a monarch who has lived the first and greater part of his life amongst Gerrn-In Tr. 7 l;th.r7 pedants and martinets, and who has lived the latter and smaller portion of it amongst Prussian bureaucrats and red-tarists. From neither of' these classes was the Prussian Sovereign likely to learn much that would be very useful to him as a ruler, still less as a King who aspires to lead not only Northern but all Germany to her deliverance. In crossing his frontier and holding converse with a brother monarch his Prussian Majesty will at least get out of a narrow and confined atmosphere, and may hear language that is new to him—language which may be also useful whether as regards domesti c or f ore i gn policy. Th ere i s not one pulic man in Prussia who hitherto has had courage or capacity enough to ex pound to his Majesty how much Prussia lost in Europe since 1854 by a hesitating, paltry, and faltering policy, or who apparently possesses sincerity and ' boldness enough to explain the grievous error which the late King of Prussia committed in not joining the allies in 1854. With this error the present King is not certainly chargeable, but it must be admitted that a similar hesitation on the part of Prussia is now apparent in reference to the kingdom of Italy. The policy of Prussia in reference to Victor Emmanuel has, in truth, been neither candid nor straightforward, nor in unison with the feel ings and wishes of the most ,enlightened men in Germany. It has been equally reprehended by the educated public opinion of England and France, which has hitherto querulously asked whether a Sovereign who has shown so little sympathy with the regeneration of the Italian peninsula be capable, or really fitted, to work out the regeneration of Germany ? When his Majesty be comes aware o f these hostile criticisms and misgivings, and of the state of opinion in the two most civilised of Euro pean nations as to the general tendency of Prussian policy, lie may be disposed to modify his own views, or those of his obsequious Cabinet, and be prepared to play a bolder and manlier part in European affairs. Germany has nearly as much need of a leader in 1861 to accomplish all that is desirable for her welfare and happiness as Italy had in 1858; but such a leader should direct the aspirations of his countrymen into the proper and legitimate etiannel, and not seek to excite in them a spirit of foreign conquest or of aggression on neighbouring States. There are thirty millions of men, at least, within the Confederated States of Germany, speak ing the pure German language, and instinct with purely German feelings ; and what the most en• lightened of these millions desire is not an attack or a filibustering foray on the territory of their Scandinavian brethren, but such a wholesome and wholesale change in their own condition and domestic government as would secure to them the blessings and benefits of that fair, impartial, just, and equal government which they were promised nearly half a century ago by the Sove reigns, and which has never yet in any State in Germany been made a reality. Nothir.g has more tended to alienate the feelings of e d uca t e d and enlight ene d E ng li s h men fro-, the policy of Prussia than the insidious attf: iris of the Govern pt ment to excite discontent,,-, the Danish I)achies as a means to withdraw Ge ., - affairs, and t o raise a • lin Germany rmans from thei r d omes ti c Denmark. The tee ing as far as la esritish Cabinet h as en d eavoure d, partie y . its power, to mediate b e t ween th e and of De s, r ' advised certain concessions on the part .sy -a rk d . e T by he t s h e e c K Oil i c n e g ss a io n n d s ll, h li a n v i e st b ry ee o n f u D n e r n e - - rasearry,eo ; hut, far from satisfying the exigencies of the ational Verein, they seem only to have provoked a more contentious and acquisitive spirit on the part of these demagogues. Meanwhile the Diet, instead of closing the quarrel before separating, has left it open, so that the question of what is called Federal execution may be at any time renewed, and a con tingent sent into the Danish Duchies. This is a great misfortune, and its effect on Denmark has con cession most has produceduntoward. that i n c t o e n r: 1 2 4tiang rcQ 4.r, uti va upw3 tie ill THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY 1] VENINq, OCTOBER 4, 1861. • war budget, are preparing 'for the worst. They have-now all the evils and all the risks of war without any of the compensations or advantages, and their cry is "No farther surrender !" The Danish national feeling is so strong that it has ope rated on the Ministry, who have yielded to popular impulse in admitting M. Orla Lehmann into the Cabinet. This gentleman, a distinguished advo cate, and_formerly one of the writers in the Copen hagen Post and Faederlandet, is a staunch stickler for Denmark to the Eyder ; in other words, for Denmark in its integrity and entirety, and his ac ceptance of office identifies the Cabinet with the views of the Scandinavian or National party, who are for preserving at all hazards and against all corners the unity of their native land. With this party there is scarcely a man of patriotism or in telligence in Denmark or in England who does not sympathise, a fact of which the Prussian King or his Ministers do not appear to be sufficiently cog. nisant. As to the Danes, our correspondent on the spot writes that they are making active prepa rations both by sea and by land for any and every contingency, and certainly not without reason. We may here afford to laugh at the idea of a German fleet got up by a universal pot-house subscription in Prussia, Gotha, Hanover, and the Hanse Towns. But the stimulating of such a subscription shows the feeling by which certain of the German Govern meats, and above all the Government of Prussia, is animated, while it fully justifies in the Danes those preparations making , along the course of the old Danewirke (the ancient bulwark of Scandinavia) and at Frederica. In Prussia, the King is not likely to hear the blunt and, perhaps, unwelcome truth on these matters, but once beyond his own frontier it may reach his ears, for the Emperor Napoleon 111. is known to entertain, on the Danish question, opinions and views not widely different from those prevalent in England. -- - COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. The Common Court met again yesterday. Upon the table were placed the testimonials that were agreed to be presented to Mr. H. L. Taylor and Mr. Deputy Harrison by a unanimous vote of the court, for the very great public services, and the indefatigable manner in which they had per formed their duties as representatives of the Cor poration at the Metropolitan Board of Works, and, it may fairly be added, also as the representatives of the public. They consisted of two silver epergnes, nearly two feet high, representing a vine with twisted stem, elegantly chased with hanging fruit, and foliage spreading gracefully towards the top, to receive a handsomely ornamented glass dish for flowers. The base is in form of a tripod, with chased scroll supports. On one side of each is the following inscription : " Cubitt, Mayor. "Presented by the Corporation of London to— the name of each gentleman being inserted in the place appropriated for it—in testimony of the valu able and disinterested services rendered by him as one of the representati - ves of the City of London at the Metropolitan Board of Works, in accordance with a resolution unanimously adopted at a Court of Common Council, held at Guildhall, on Monday, June 20, 1861." THE NEW CITY MARKETS. Mr. CHAPLIN asked what was the present state of affairs with regard to the dis-marketing of New gate Market, and the erection of the new meat market ? Mr. H. L. TAYLOR raid the committee would be enabled, at an early day, to lay a full report upon the subject of the new market, which was one un doubtedly of vital importance, not only to the Cor poration of London, but to the community at large, before the court, and ample opportunity would be afforded for discussing it. (Hear, hear.) THE LONDON RIFLE VOLUNTEER BRIGADE. Mr. Deputy LLOYD presented a petition from the commanding officer and the members of the Com mittee of the London Rifle Volunteer Brigade for the use of the Guildhall, on any day shortly after the 9th of November next (Lord Mayor's day), for the purpose of a ball in aid of the funds of the bri gade. Several members of the corps, in uniform, ap pearecl at the bar in supportof the petition. - AfCer a short discussion, the petition was agreed to. TILE CORPORATION FUNDS. Mr. CHAPLIN next brought forward a motion, " That it be referred to a committee to inquire whe ther it is advisable for this court to make grants of money to institutions out of this City ; and further, if any, and what rules, regulations, and laws should be made for the guidance of the court in making such grants fcr the future, and to report thereon forthwith, with such recommendations as they may think fit. Mr. Deputy FRY seconded the motion. Several members of the court expressed their opinion that they ought not to be bound in matters of this description to any particular course, and that every application for pecuniary assistance should stand upon its own merits, and eventually the motion was negatived, The court shortly afterwards adjourned. TILE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFEBOAT INSTITUTION. A meeting of this institution was held yesterday at its house, John-street, Adelphi—Mr. T. Chap man, F.R.S., V.P., in the chair. There were also present : Sir E. Perrott, Bart., V.P. ; Admiral Gor don, late Deputy Master of the Trinity House; Capt. W. H. Hall, R.N., and Capt. De St. Croix. Mr. LEWIS, the secretary, having read the minutes of the previous meeting, A reward of £l3 was voted to the crew of the institution's lifeboat stationed at Holyhead, for put ting oil u.cci rcEcuii,g the crews, consisting of 14 persons, of the brig Anne, of Plymouth, and the schooner Betsey, of Peterhead, which, during a heavy gale of wind from the south-west, on the 15th ult., ran for shelter in Holyhead harbour, and fail ing to secure a berth, dragged their anchors and got close to the rocks. The Anne, at the time, had parted one cable, and was actually within a few yards of the rocks, on which the surf was breaking heavily. The Betsey was about a cable's length further out, but was leaking. Fortunately the gale in a few hours afterwards moderated a little, and it was considered safe to put the crews again on board their ships, which were ultimately brought, with the assistance of the lifeboat, and after much diffi culty, into the harbour. Capt. Priest, R.N., reported that the lifeboat behaved, as usual, admirably in the heavy seas. A reward of £4 was also voted to the crew of the 'Dundalk lifeboat, belonging to the institution, for rescuing, after several shore boats had made fruitless attempts, a ship keeper, who had been left on board the barque Frederick, of Dublin, which during a heavy gale of wind was totally wrecked on Dundalk bar, on the 13th ult., having stranded there during the previous month. A reward of £4 was likewise given to the crew the institution's lifeboat stationed at Camber, near Rye, for going off and saving two men from the bar and g , n e hPeeaavcye, sea a f s L a o n n k do o n ff , w c h am ic h h e i r n o a n g th a e le Friday last. night h wind f A reward of £6los. was also granted to the crew of the Sister's Memorial lifeboat of the society, at Llandudno, for putting off in a heavy gale of wind in reply to a signal of distress from the smack Uncle Tom, of Runcorn, on the 13th ult. The sails of the vessel had been carried away, but with the assist ance of a steam-tug she was towed ashore, and her crow of three hands saWd. Rewards amounting to .£ll 10s. were also voted to the crews of the institution's lifeboats stationed at Walmer and Tyrella, for putting off in reply to lifeboat 3ciulti signals of distre ss f rom t wo - vessels, which, how ever, on the arriv a l o f th e lif e b oa t s , did no t requ i re their services. After having crossed through a heavy surf the fat a l G oo d w i n S an d s , ear l y on th e im morning t est he Walmer the 2 grounded nbdeeedn about filled 50 seyvaerds several of the 'wreck. Immediately five of her gallant crew jangled Out, waded through the seas, and boarded the vessel, but were informed by other boats' crews who had possession of the vessel that their services Were not required. The lifeboat re turned ashore, her crew, consisting of Deal boatmen, expressing their admiration of her behaviour. A reward of £2 was voted to Mr. Dewsbury, master of the steam-tug Beaufort, of Sunderland, and £2 to his crew, for rescuing four men from the brigantine Villiers, of London, which during squally weather had struck and partially sunk about mid night on the Mumbles Head, Swansea, on the 3d ult. There was a heavy sea running at the time, which was sometimes going over the poor fellows in the rigging. Mr. Dewsbury had to run his vessel backwards between the two masts of the wreck, cutting away the mainstay, and thus the tug's keel was crosswise over the deck of the sunken vessel. When in that position, which wes only for an in stant, the poor men dropped from the rigging on to the deck of the tug. Shortly after the four men were rescued by the tug, both masts of the wreck went over the side, when she broke up, and soon disappeared altogether. Unfortunately two of her crow had previously perished. A reward of £7 was also granted to five police men and one civilian, for swimming . off a consider able distance at ranch risk, in a heavy sea and a strong ebb tide, and saving the lives of two persons who had been capsized from their boat off Lochinch, on the coast of Clare, Ireland. It was stated that two of the constables had on previous occasions very laudably exerted themselves w OfiTiog life, The cvngtabloa hag alag nod* a reward of £1 each from the Inspector-General of Police. The thanks of the institution, inscribed on vellum, were likewise voted to Mr. L. M. Masten, Collector of Customs at Bridport, in testimony of his general services in aiding to save life, and particularly on the occasion of the recent wreck of the brigantine Pauline, off Bridport, during a heavy gale of wind. Communications were read from the Mayor of Ipswich and Mr. W. B. Byng, stating that the Rev. Edward Lynge had preached sermons in St. Peter's church, in that town, in aid of the funds of the in stitution. They also stated that arrangements had been made for a general collection in all the churches and chapels in Ipswich on Sunday, the 10th No vember, when they hoped a good expression would be made in favour of the National Lifeboat Society. Mr. Lynge had received the silver medal of the institution, in:acknowledgment of his brave exer tions in saving life from a wreck on the Irish coast. The demands on the funds of the institution con tinue to be very heavy, and payments amounting to £l,OOO on lifeboat establishments were ordered yes terday to t e made. It is earnestly hoped the public will continue to strengthen the hands of the com mittee, and so assist them to carry on, during the ensuing► winter, the important and philanthropic operations of this truly national institution. Orders were given for the sale of £5OO from the small funded capital of the society, to enable it to meet the heavy demands on its funds. The proceedings then terminated. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET FIRST OCTOBER MEETING. THURSDAY. The third day was as spring -like as its predecessors, and the Heath again a scene of happy life and activity ; but as the races did not commence until 2 !o'clock, other amuse ments were sought in the morning by sojourners in New. market. Many owners of studs had parties to look at their horses in the stable, while speculators were busy in and about the rooms. Claire and Schism were well supported for the Cesarewitch, and Predictor came into the market at 35 to 1. Of the seven items on the card, each produced a respectable field, the most interesting being a Produce Stake, for 2-yr-olds, in which a new candidate for honours made his first appearance, and won very gallantly. An other highly-interesting race was a Half-mile Handicap, in which Nutbush stood at the highest weight, got badly go at the start, and won most cleverly. The day's sport con cluded at 5 o'clock, with a Royal Plate on the Beacon Course, which the American horse Optimist won, after making nearly all the running, and leaving two of his four antagonists to walk in at their leisure. Sweepstakes of 5 sovs each; for 2 -yr -olds, fist 101 b; 3-yr olds, Bst 81b ; 4-yr•olds and upwards, 9st. The winner to be sold for 70 sovs if demanded, &e. Rutland Stakes Course. 11 subs. Mr. Hudson's Nunnery, 3 yrs, Bst Sib.... (A Edwards) 1 Mr. C. Rayner's Anxiety filly, 2 yrs, Gst 10Ib (car.6st 111 b) (H. Grimshaw) 2 Mr. Savile's Guilder, 4 yrs, Oat (Aldcroft) 3 Tho following also ran:—Discretion, Dr. Posey, Balle rina, Broad Arrow, Reporter, Snake, and Antioch. Betting-4 to 1 each agst Nunnery and the Anxiety filly, G to 1 each agst Discretion and Guilder. The flag was lowered to an admirable start. Nunnery, being the first away, made the running at a good pace, fol lowed by Discretion, Dr. Posey, with the others, lying in a cluster two or three lengths in their wake. In this way they ran to the end of the rails, where the Anxiety filly and Guilder joined the leading horses, who came on nearly in a line to half way up the distance, where Discretion and Dr. Pusey were beaten, the Anxiety filly and Guilder joining Nunnery. A fine race home ensued between three, which ended in favour of Nunnery by a length, three lengths separating the second and third, Antioch was a bad fourth, Dr. Pusey and Discretion, side by side, were the next two. Reporter next, the others beaten off a long way ; Snake being last of all. The winner was claimed by Mr. Rayner. The Rutland Stakes of 30 cove each, 20 ft, for 2-yr-olds; colts, Bst 71b; and fillies, Bst 31b. The winner of a sweep stakes of 200 sovs, including the winner's own stake, to carry 41b, of two such stakes 7th extra. From the Turn of the Lends in. 11 subs. Lord Uxbridge's Master Fenton, Bst 71b.... (S. Rogers) 1 Lord Coventry's Exchequer, Bst 71b (L. Snowden) 2 Mr. T. Valentine's Carisbrook, Bst 7th (G. Fordharn) 3 Capt. Lane's Breechloader, Bst 7th (A. Edwards) Letting—Even on Master Fenton, 5 to 2 agst Carisbrook, and 4to 1 agst Exchequer. After the first ten or a dozen strides the favourite went to the front and made the running at a fair pace, followed by Breechloader, Exchequer, and Carisbrooke, in the order we have given them, but laying wide of each other. Opposit3 the Old Duke's Stand Exche quer passed Breechloader and followed closely in the track of the favourite, but without ever being able to reach him, Master Fenton winning very cleverly, Carisbrook, who ran by Breechloader half way up the distance, finished third, Breechloader last. Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 soya each, 5 ft if declared, &c., fur 3-yr-olds and upwards. Last half of Ab. M. 17 subs, three of whom pay 5 sovs ft. Mr. Hawksley's Nutbusb, 3 yrs, Sat 121 b (G. Fordbam) 1 Lord Westmorland's Confidence, 3 yrs, 7st (Midgley) 2 Lord Stamford's Little Lady, 3 yrs, Bst 41b (A. Edwards) 3 Baron Niviere's Mayfield, 4 yrs, Gst 41b (J. Grimshaw) 4 The following also ran :—Fravola, Helper, Ilestes, Woman. in Tied, Chantress, I'ardalote and East Sheen. Betting-2 to 1 agst Nutbush, 4to 1 agst Fravola, 6to 1 each agst Pardalote and Hesper, 8 to 1 agst Rcstcs, 10 to 1 each agst Little Lady and Woman in Rod, and 12 to 1 eget Mayfield. Some considerable delay occurred at the post through several of the animals breaking away, among which East Sheen, Mayfield, and Little Lady were conspicuous. At last the patience of the spectators was rewarded by the flag falling to an admirable start. The first to show in advance was Fravola, who jumped away with a clear lead, which she hell but for a brief period, for before 100 yards had been traversed she was headed by Little Lady, who, with May.. field, Nutbush, Confidence, and Restos, in close attendance, came on with the running, Fravola, next the rails, heading the rear division. In this way they ran to the brow of the hill, where Nutbush, in company with Confidence, joined the leaders, and half way down took a clear lead, Little Lady going on third, with Mayfield lying next. The quartette finishing a close and exciting race home, the favourite land ing his owner's colours by a neck, a head only separating the second and third, and a like distance dividing the third from the fourth, Fravola was fifth close up, East Sheeu sixth, and Woman in Red next. First Year of the 14th Triennial Produce Stakes, of 10 soya each; colts Bst 71b, fillies Bst 41b ; the owner of the second horse to receive a sum equal to 10 per cent. on the whole stake, and the owner of the third a sum equal to 5 per cent. on the whole stake. T.Y.C. 40 subs. Sir R. Bulkeley's Old Calabar, Sat 71b (Boyce) 1 Mr. Alexander's Lorelei, Sst 31b (Sharpe) 2 Mr. Oliver's Hurricane, Bst 41b (Fordham) 3 The following also ran: —Anxiety, Wild Duck, Vilette, Emerald colt, Melbourne colt, and Paressueuse. Betting-5 to 2 apt Hurricane, 3to 1 agst Old Calabar, 5 to 1 agst Lorelei, and 11 to 2 agst Vilette. Vilette jumped away, with a slight advantage, waited upon by Old Calabar, Hurricane, and Paresseuse, with the others in close attendance into the cords, when Old Calabar, with Lorelei on the whip hand and the favourite closely laid up, came on with the running, and won very easily by a length and half, a head separating the second and third ; the Emerald colt was fourth, the Melbourne colt fifth, and Vilette sixth. _ Handicap Plate of £5O, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. A.F. Mr. W. Robertson's Boabdil, 3 yrs, bst 101 b (car 6st) (Daley) 1 Mr. W. Worth's Solferino, 3 yrs, Sst 101 b (Grimaraw) 2 Lord ljxbridge's Prince Imperial, 3 yrs, 7st 21b.. (Perry) 3 The following also ran :—Knutsford, Miss Emma, Can tab, David Ann, Cantatrice, and Pixie, Betting-3 to 1 agst Boabdil, 3to I agst Knutsford, Gto I each agst Cantab and Prince Imperial. Cantab, with Solferino at his girths, jumped away with a clear lead, closely attended by the favourite and Prince Im perial, with the others lying close up. On entering the dip Boabdil rushed to the front and took a decided lead, which he hold to the end, and won in a canter by two lengths ; a bad third ; Cantab was fourth, and Cantatrice next, the others beaten off a long way, the last of all being Miss Emma. The Queen's Plate of 100 guineas, for 3-yr-olds, Bst llb ; 4-yr-olds, 9st 71b; 5-yr-olds, lOst; 6-yr-olds and aged, lOst 21b. B.C. Mr. R. Ten Broeck's Optimist, 4 yrs , 9st 71b (G. Fordharn) 1 Lord Stamford's Dulcibella, 4 yrs, 9st 71b .. (A. French) 2 Mr. T. Parr's Avalanche, 4 yrs, Oat 71b • • • • (J. Rogers) 3 Mr. Rayner's Conundrum, 3 yrs, Sst llb .. (Cotton) 4 Mr. Parker's Bevis, 5 yrs, lOst .. (J. Goater) 5 Betting-3 to 4 agst Optimist, and 7to 4 agst Avalanche. Optimist made th,e running to the ditch, where ho was pulled back, and the lead was taken up by Bevis, followed by Dulcibella, Optimist, and Avalanche, Conundrum last. In this way they ran into the new ground, where Bevis shot his bolt, and the favourite once again carried his colours to the front, and, with Dulcibella and Avalanche close up, came on with a slight lead, whieh he increased on reaching the brow of the hill, and won in a canter by two lengths, Dulcibella and Avalanche finishing a close race home for second, which Lord Stamford's mare obtained by a head ; the others were beaten off half a distance. BETTING AT MANCHESTER, THURSDAY. For the Cesarewitch, 100 to 6 was taken asst t'ehism, and 25 to 1 about Grouse. There was an offer to back Evenhand, but 33 to 1 was declined. Henham Lass was backed at 12 to 1 for the Cambridgeshire , and an offer Was made to take 26 to 1 about Camerino. -Upon the whole there was not a great amount of business done, CESAREWITCH STAKES• 9to 1 agst La Vapeur (taken) 16 to 1 agst Donner and Blitz (taken) 16 to 1 agst Schism (taken) 25 to 1 agat Calpe (taken) 2:5 to 1 agat Grouse (taken) 33 to 1 agst Evenhand (offered, take 40) CAMBRIDGESiIutt. 12 to 1 agst Henham Lass (taken) 15 to 1 agst Asteroid (taken) 20 to 1 agat Camerino (wanted) 20 to 1 apt Confectioner (taken) 20 to 1 AA* 9(4449 i yAritove (tAilicA) ABOLITION INEVITABLE. .. 1..- The most superficial observers of American affairs are saying now that the beginning of the end of American slavery has arrived. Better informed persons know that the beginning of the end was on a certain day 30 years ago, when a handful of citizens determined that slavery should cease, and that the end itself is now near. The last week has thrown new light upon various parts of the field of ob servation which none can long pretend not to see, or to in terpret in all ways but the right. A most interesting question has been what the President would do about Gen. Fremont's proclamation announcing freedom to the slaves of rebel proprietors in Missouri. For many days the Northern millions were keeping anxious watch, dreading the recall of the popular general. The Pre sident was never an Abolitionist; he had taken all possible pains to make this understood before his election ; and he has since given every possible evidence of his intention to adhere to his construction of the Constitution, and to the supposed opinion of the majority of the Northern citizens. Nobody, therefore, could have been surprised if General Fremont had been removed as soon as a recall could reach him. But the President took some days to consider-- that is, to inquire—and the feeling of public satisfac tion at what Fremont has done is so wide-spread, hearty, and unmistakeable, that his position as General of the West carrot be assailed from Washington. Ho has nothing to foar from that quarter ; and Mr. Lincoln declares with all frankness that ho will not undertake to control the policy of any of the generals charged with the responsibility of any important section of the war, because the vigour and wisdom of their action depend largely on their indepen dence in their own function. He believes Fremont's Pro clamation to transcend the scope of the new law ; and he has written to the General to say so, and to request him to modify the terms of his manifesto. But he leaves him free to conduct his campaign in his own way, and to judge of the right course to pursue as to the slaves as circumstances arise. It would be easy to show why events must take a particular turn in Missouri, whatever may be the military conduct and fortunes of the respective parties; but it is more important to turn to what is actually going forward in parts remote from the field of war. From the time when General Butler made himself the 1 1 exponent of the perplexity and indecision of the Govern ment and the people about the treatment of the negroes who turned up on the march of the forces, there has been a grow• ing conviction that the thing most needed was that all parties should know one another's minds. Fremont's act has set everybody saying this, and consulting how to arrive at a general understanding. To the President, above all, it is necessary that the people should explain them selves; and they are bestirring themselves to do it. Steps had heels taken before by far-sighted citizens to make the abolition of slavery the avowed object of the struggle, on the ground that slavery was the cause of the sectional strife, and that it could never again be assumed to be compatible with republican institutions. Suddenly it appears that almost everybody is of the same mind, and that it only re mains to settle what plan shall be proposed to Government, and what organisation shall be formed, to communicate with Government first, and to support its action afterwards. The citizens aro in consultation in the towns, and meet ing for conference in country places ; and wo shall soon be seeing how they express themselves in laying open their minds to the President and his Cabinet. One memorial which lies before us is sufficiently clear in its terms to show that there can be no going back—no settling down again under the compromises of the constitution ; while the businesslike character of the Northern mind appears in singular contrast to the confusion of those persons on both sides of the Atlantic, who fancy that negro eman cipation means servile war, massacre of whites, ruin of plantations, and extinction of industry, instead of being the only security against these calamities, which no other means can avert. The citizens thus combining and consulting perceived that something decisive must be resolved on and announced immediately. There are nearly 2,000 fugitive slaves at Fortress Monroe, and many hundreds more in the camps about Washington. The North Carolina slaves aro throng ing to Fort Hatteras, and General Fremont also has his hands full. During the summer months and warm weather thus negroes have had work in the camps and on the de fences, but the cold weather is now at hand, and prepara- tions must be made for housing them through the winter. The most timid and even pro-slavery citizens declare that the only possible course is to employ these negroes as la bourers (as labourers are in the North) for the present what ever terms may bo made with their owners for the future. This led, somo weeks ago, to the discussion of the terms which would be practicable hereafter, and it then appeared that there would probably be manifested, on any proper summons, a prevalent willingness to supply the money necessary for working the plantations of the South, on condition of the freedom of the negroes. Staunch Aboli- tionists, who would deny to all eternity the possibility of property in man, and who would not pay a cent for arty number of human beings, are yet willing to help in starting the method of free labour in Southern fields. It is well understood that the slave owners will gain, in a pecuniary sense, by any peaceful and orderly emancipation of their slaves. The value nominally adher ing to the slave practically resides in the land ; and the market value of laml increases to at least the nominal value of the slaves upon it I,'•s soon as those slaves become free labourers. Further, the wages of free labourers amount to much less, as every slave-oVner incessantly declares, than the maintenance of the enslaved negro population on the estate. Thus, emancipation is good fur the fortunes of the planters ; but, as capital may be wanted during the inau guration of a new system, it is for Nuraern citizens to say whether they will contribute this aid ; and it appears that they aro ready and willing, as far as can its yet be ascer tained. Bat how is it to be done ? This is a question which events aro answering every day. Wherever the armies go, slavery becomes necessarily extinct. The owners and overseers are absent ; the slaves ask for work and wages; there is no possibility of driving them off now ; and there will be no possibility of rendering them up to a new slavery hereafter. The rallying points are already numerous, and there will be more as naval expe ditions obtain a footing for tho North all round the Southern coasts. While this is going on at the circumference, the inhabitants of the high land which forms the central region are perceiving their opportunity for abolishing slavery, which they have desired to do for a long course of years., and have proposed whenever they saw a chance of being listened to. There are plenty of the old school of slave holders in the interior—men and women who regard slavery as a curse, and who detest, as heartily as any Northern people, the doctrine of the now school, that slavery can be the basis of a republic in the 19th century. These are ways in which emancipation will take place with or without the sanction and good will of Government awl people. But neither Government nor people desire or choose that such a process should be left to chance. They see that no sagacity, no prudence, no zeal, no forbearance can be too great for the occasion ; and under such a conviction the people at least are advancing towards maturity of counsel, however it may be with the Government. The viewis, that the northern millions should, through Congress or Convention, obtain from the Executive a declaration of the personal freedom of every individual within the bounds of the Republic, where ever the flag appears ; that wherever the flag advances the reorganisation of the Slave States should be effected, un less undertaken by the persons in residence, by the labour, care, experience, and, if necessary, the money of the Northern citizens, who have prosperously achievet: the abolition of slavery on their own soil. Those who undeC ' stand the existing organisation of estates in the South will see that the proposed plan is simply a modification of that which already exists. There are Northern men on almost every plantation as managers. They are not favourable specimens of anything but Northern capacity for manage ment; but they do prove that much. A better order of agents would organise the labour on estates so as to pro duce more wealth than ever before, while extinguishing the fatal social and political evil which has broken up the Republic. Such an agency would be at once a protection to whites and blacks during the early days of the new period. " Tho South will not submit to be so dealt with," we shall hear on every side. Of course the new school of slaveholders will not, except at a consequence of defeat in war. It is a question whether a large proportion of the older aristocracy will not hail such a deliverance from the incubus of their lives. Hero, however, occurs the consi deration of pressing actual importance—whether a distinc tion shall be made in the next proclamations between the slaves of loyal citizens and rebels. The reply will probably be that no such distinction should be made, for two rea sons at least—that the North hss hadenough of a Southern policy of masked batteries, of hypocrisy, and treachery, such as this distinction would encourage ; and that there can never be thorough loyalty to a democratic republic on the part of slaveholders—slaveholders who cling to that sort of " property" after such a quarrel as is now grounded upon it. Whatever may be the policy decided on, it is a sign that the true cause of ,the struggle is coming to the font when the men of the North are offering "all they have at stake in the great crisis for the re .organisa tion, as the flag advances, of the States now convulsed by treason, anarchy, and despotism"—the constitutional basis of the new method being the "equal legal liberty which affords the only guarantee of union, the only security of industry and wealth, and the only possibility of peac e . ,, _ Daily News. The Garden Oracle of 1862, reviewing the pro gress of horticulture, and descriptive of new pl an t s and flowers recently introduced, is announced for immediate publication by Messrs. Groonibridge and Sons. This is the fourth issue of the work under the editorship of Mr. Shirley Hibberd, F.R.H.S. [AnvEnTisEmENT4—Holloway's Ointm en t an d Pill s .— Hopes and Fears.— hatever be the ailment let no ono be afraid of meeting with a cure till these searching and puri fying remedies have been fairly tried. A vast variety of chronic complaints, which had baffled the most learned pre scriptions, have readily been relieved by the conjoint action of Holloway's curative agents. They act primarily in dis charging all deteriorating dregs from the blood, and secon darily in rectifying disordered conditions of the secretions caused by unknown or unavoidable impurities existing in the air or in the food, or resulting from late hours or dissi pated habits. Cutaneous diseases so frequently afflicting the scrofulous, consumptive, and feeble, yield with surpris k roPiclitY t 9 tk@ §t9fICV AsAgyffseg ilactatcoiastlis THE TERRIBLE ACCIDENT AT THE PHILADELPHIA THEATRE. The Philadelphia Press, describing more fully the acci dent, of which an account has already appeared, says " An accident of frightful fatality occurred at tho Conti nental Theatre, in Walnut-street, on Saturday night. Since the destruction and accompanying casualties of the National Theatre, some years ago, we have had no theatrical matters so terrible to recount. A few weeks ago, Mr. William Wheatley, an old and favourite actor and manager, leased and refitted the place. At great expense he produced the stage edition of Shakespeare's Tempest,' and devoted unusual means to perfecting the scenic and mechanical arrangements. The ballet corps was numerous. All at once those accustomed to witness ing show pieces saw an unnecessary light glaring over the top of the rear scene. Before they had time to speculate upon it, a number of men iu shirt sleeves (stage carpen- ters) made their appearance, and, while the confasioa grew momentarily, a sharp scream rang upon the ears cf the people, and a woman in ballet costume, with her dress; on fire, emerged from the side scenes, waving her arcs above her head. In a moment she fell into the abyes where the ship was riding. At the same time a suc cession of screams ensued. Trinculo suddenly ceased is joke, and dropped into the water, while Stephen° forgot to be drunk, and became as sober as a judge. The girls were dressing for the ballet. Tho dressing-rooms adjoin Samsun street, and in one at the north-west corner of the building the Misses Gale were adjusting themselves for the balks for Act 11. Miss Zelia Gale, one of the sisters, stood upon a settee to reach her dress, and when in the act of handinc it down, the flame of gas from an adjoining tube set it oz fire. The flames communicated to her under-clothes, and she was all ablaze in au instant. Her sisters rushed up tc extinguish the fire, and they, too, were ignited. The fire mounted to their arms and breasts, inflicting terrible burns, Panic-stricken, they ran from the room, through a narrow passage way, into the next dressing-room filled with ballet ladies. Tho gauze dresses of these blazed up directly, and, screaming, struggling, wrestling, the poor creatures either turned and leaped from the windows into Samson-street, or ran hither and thither calling for assistance. Miss Zelia Gale with her clothing on fire, and uttering loud screams,ran down. stairs and upon the stage, behind the scenes, falling below the stage level, where she was caught in the arms of Mr. Thos. Bayard, the capenter of the theatre. Mr. Bayard, in at tempting to extinguish the fire with a ' sea cloth,' was him self burned about the hands and arms. Miss Clara Clifton was caught in the arms of the bystanders, having leaped down and escaped unhurt, her clothing not having taken fire. Miss Hannah Gale did not jump from the window until she was badly burned, and when she leaped she fell to the ground upon her back, and sustained severe injuries from the fall as well as from her burns. She was carried into Greer's tavern, near by, where she lay in an almost hopeless condition at a late hour. On Sunday, at 10 o'clock, she expired at the hospital, in great agony. Miss Anna Nicholls, in her fright, jumped from a platform to the stage, a distance of about 10 feet. She will not recover. Miss Abby Carr was burned about the breast and waist. Phebe Forbes died in the morning at nine o'clock ; Miss Anna M'Bride died at six o'clock in the morning. Misses Ade line Gale and Ruth Gale are badly burned ; their cases are not hopeless. Mrs. Mary E. Hermon will not live. Her husband watched her up to a late hour last night. Mrs. Anna Phillips died during Sunday afternoon. Kate Harris was burned slightly. The Misses Gale were young ladies of prepossessing appearance. They were excellent dancers. They were English by birth, and they first appeared pro fessionally in this city in the Romani troupe at the time Faust' was brought out as a ballet at the Academy of Music. Six of these burned women had died up to mid hour last night, and four more are not expected to survive the next 21 hours. All of them suffered terribly, calling for water most piteously, and maintaining their senses unimpaired to the last. Mr. and Mrs. Wheatley were in the hospital throughout, ministering to their necessities, and doing all in their power to make their last moments peaceful. The matter was purely accidental, and no stigma can in any way bo cast upon the management." The following additional particulars are from the Phila delphia North Anterican :—" Hannah Gale had lain in Greer's saloon. Soon after she was brought there her pain increased, the result of inward mortification. She was en tirely tranquil, and calmly asked those present to read the Bible to her. An intimate friend, Miss Annie Wilkes, spent some time with her reading the sacred book. For herself she had no apprehensions, but for her sisters and her mother she felt keen anxiety. Anna M'Bride died first. Her mind wandered shortly after reception at the hospital, and at, 6 o'clock death removed her to the land of spirits. Miss Phelps was the next to go. At one o'clock the mes senger came, and she expired in the full possession of her faculties, glad to be relieved from sufferings which words utterly fail to give a description of. Hannah Gale died at 3 o'clock. A deathbed more solemn, yet less mournful, is seldom seed. The Gale sisters have lived—so says every body who knew them—a blamelss life. Less selfishness in. a circle of sisters, perhaps, was never known. Hannah, during her last moments manifested a degree of resignation too sublime to result from avthing but sustaining grace. She had lived a blameless life, and dying, she declared that He who had been her strength in life was now supporting her as the veil between life and eternity grew thin. The dying girl conversed as few people would suppose her cap able of conversing, and as the last breaths fluttered upon her lips, the name of her Saviour was pronounced with it." COUNTRY MARKETS. MANCHESTER—Ocr. 3. New English wheat was in free demand, at a reduction of is per qr. ; foreign held for former rates, with a limited business. The sales made in flour were at 6d to is de cline. Oats unchanged. Oatmeal 6d cheaper. Egyptian beans and Indian corn held for an advance. BIRMINGHAM—OcT. 3. At to-day's market there was a less supply of :English wheat from the farmers, and the trade ruled slow for all descriptions, at last week's currencies. Barley lifeless, at last week's rates. Oats, beans, and peas only taken in retail, but unaltered in value. PLYMOUTH-Om 1. The market was slightly attended, owing to the state of the :London market yesterday ; prices is lower. White wheat, 60s to 61s ; red, 56s to 578 per qr ; French do., 60s to 62s ; American, 61s to 63s ; Spanish, 74s to 768 ; Rus sian, 608 to 625. Barley in poor supply, at 36s to 43s per qr for malting ; grinding, 32s to 36s ; oats, 24s to 28s ; and. beans, —a to —s; flour, 44s to 46s 6d. CORK—Oar. 2. The following were the quotations this morning :—Red wheat, 18s Od to 27s 6d ; white, 22s Od to 31s Od; baricor Od to 17s 6d ; oats, 8s Od to 14s 3d. EDINBURGII GRAIN—Oct 2. Wheat on the top 3s Od up . average is Od up. Barley on the top is Od up... average Os 4d down. Oats on the top Os 3d up average is Od down. Beans on the top Os 6d down. average Os 4d down. Averages per Imperial quarter. Wheat.... ... £ 2 16 4 3-12ths New wheat ... . 0 0 0 0-12tlus Barley 1 13 10 4-12ths Oats 1 9 0 1-12ths Beans Total Supply and Sales. Wheat . 929 qrs Sold 613 qrs Barley... 1609 qrs Sold 1332 qrs Oats 1285 qrs Sold 1043 qrs Beans l9l qrs Sold 108 qrs DERBY SMITHFIELD—OcT. 1. - --. A small number of fat beasts to-day, and the demand w ao good for fine qualities at higher rates. An average lot o f s hoop, generally of good quality. The supply of calves scarce, and:readily disposed of. Pigs in large supply. _ _ Beef 6d to 61d I Veal nti to 8d Mutton .. 7d Ito 7-4 d Pork Lamb 7O to 8d Rough fat, 4s 3d per stone. Hides, 3d to 41c1; calf skins, 5d to Gd. At the Woolwich Police-court yesterday a dealer in clothing, named George Streek, appeared to answer a summons for inciting a sailor lad named Arnold to desert from the royal navy. Commander Lysaght, of the Fisgard, flag-ship, attended to watch the proceedings. The evidence proved that the defendant induced the by, who belonged to the Fisgard, to part with his naval uniform in exchange for some old garments not worth 6d. Mr. Trail fined de fendant 40s:, or six months' imprisonment. BIRTHS. MILDMAY•--On tho 2d inst., at 68, Park-street, Grosve nor-square, the Hon. Mrs. Hervey St. John Mildmay, of a daughter. WALTER.—On the Ist inst., at Chilwell Hall, Notts, the wife of Captain Edward Walter, of 37a, Upper Grosve nor-street, of a son. MAcEvoY.—On the 30th ult., at 12, Herbert- street, Dub lin, the Hon. Mrs. Joshua MaoEvoy, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. ALLEN—JOCELYN.—On the 2d inst., at Edinburgh, John A. Allen, Esq,, of Errol, to Barbara Juliana Augusta, daughter of Major the Hon. Augustus George Frederick Jocelyn. • MERSER—Sminr.—On the Ist inst., at St. Peter's, Eaton square, Charles Thomas, son of Alfred Merser, to Fanny, daughter of John Cale Smith, of the Will-office, Bank of England. DEATHS. BETYroN.—On tho Ist inst., at riadleigh, Suffolk, Lucy, relict of the late Mr. Samuel 0 82 . Beeton, of the D o lphi n , Milk-street, Cheapside, aged . PHILIP.—At 17, Great Coram-street, Russell- square , St. L. Philip, Esq., M.D., of Trinidad, West Indies, aged 56. PRA.TEIt.—On the 3d inst., at 7 1 , Portland-place, Charles SHEPHERD.—On the Ist inst., at Saville-place, Mile-end road,Prater, Esq., aged 91. Caleb Shepherd, Esq., aged 71. Tow,L—n the 29th ult., at Blackheath, James Thur- Esq , for upwards of 50 years in the Bank of Eng- E ag sq ed 71. land, aged 71. WELLS. —On the 29th ult., at Slade, npar Kingsbridge, Capt.ll.A., and magistrate of the eFoourntetyseuoie Lorroort : Printed and Published by AMMO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TUE SUN Office, No. 112,8trand in the Precinct of the SAM 1u the VQWItY 91 141441 "" 3 9ctober 1641. I'' ~,