The Sun. — London, England, 1834-10-10 00:00:00

data or postulata by the political union of Dundee ____„,- which appear to us much fitter to be left to the free The late Irish appointments have in general given result of general and voluntary discussion throughout satisfaction. Mr. O'Loughlin is eminent in his pro- society, than passionately forced forwards by the eager Session, a Liberal —and a Catholic. Twenty years and impetuous- patronage of large bodies of men, hence, the Catholics will probably be found to fill .n dogmas as u n d ou bt e d t ru th s , an d a common whose bond of union i s a common assump ti on o f cer their fair proporti on o f offices and emoluments ; but a tai Catholic appointment is yet a novelty. Mr. Green, determination to carr y t h em i n t o e ff ec t as l eg i s l a ti ve who, from Counsel to the Chief Secretary, has been measures ; while, in the eyes of others beyond the --romoted to the third Serjeant, is, we understand, a pale of such confederacies, the truth is a silly fallacy, Tory. In England, a Serjeant is merely a degree, and the desired law a serious mischief. There can be but in Ireland it is an office. There are only three no shadow of reasonable objection to the announcement Serjeants, and they are retained in all Crown prose- by individuals of the most extravagant opinions or cations. Mr. Green is, we believe, a very respectable wishes. We remonstrate merely against the undue mo gentleman ; but no Government is justifi e d i n ap- mentum given to them by the influence which they de rive from the patronage, as we have before said, of co pointing political opponents to office. W e h ave a , - l ways protested against the assumption of a right in operative multitudes, with whom in their assembled or any set of Ministers to dispos e o f pu bli c o ffi ces w i t h- connected state, opinion too frequently takes the shape of out regard to the principles of those who fill them. If passion, and moves forward with a force which mere rea principles be of such imp or t ance , t h at t h ey d eterm i ne son could never have imparted. Lord Durham in that por the appointments of Ministers themselves, the latter tion of his speech which noticed certain demands of the ought not to show that they think lightly of them by political union met them with frank firmness and deci their choice of p ersons t o fill su b or di nate stat i ons. sion. He " did not believe that everything was in The Whigs have too often shown themselves, in their , such a state as represented by their address ; for if appointments, mo re anx i ous t o p rop iti a t e T or i es t h an he could so believe, he must despair of the prosperity to 40 j us ti ce t o th e i r own princ i p l es .—M orn i ng of his country." He admitted that much remained to be done towards followi n g out the principles of the Chronicle. Reform Bill, but his object was to ameliorate, not to It was only the other day we felt it our duty to re- destroy and reconstruct. Lord Durham advised the probate in strong terms the profane, indecent, a n d r e - Dundee Union to confine themselves to the business volting exhibition with which one of the Parisian of amendment, and to abstain from destroying ; but lie theatres is attracting numerous and delighted audiences avowed himself an advocate " for the most determined of the " most polished people of the world." Long and speedy correction of all abuses, wherever an abuse may the metropolis of France have a monopoly of such could be pointed out." The line is therefore suffi dramatic literature ! We hope that none of our " free ciently marked between the Noble Earl and some of traders" in histrionic manufacture will be audacious his late official colleagues, and the following passages enough to attempt to introduce the disgusting impiety of his Lordship's speech deserve particular attention, of the Wandering Jew to an English audience. It is as well for the sentiments they contain as for the possible that the reports which have been circulated manner in which those sentiments are expressed and through the Press of its wonderful efficacy in replenish- illustrated : ing the theatrical exchequer may induce some specu- " I confess that, if I believed all that is stated in the ad lating manager, whose sole criterion of the merit of a dress of the Political Union, I should despair of the pros dramatic work is its success in bringing money to the perity of my country ; but I do not believe that every treasury, to indulge the hope that an adaptation of it thing is in such a state as is there represented. Much, I to the English boards may not be an unprofit a bl e one . know, remains to be done, and, with your assistance, it shall This is th more probable, or perhaps w e s h ou ld say b . e done ; but I do not believe that all is so bad and rotten in our institutions as is set forth in this address. My object the less improbable, on account of the prev a l en t prat ticeis not to destroy and reco n struct, but t o a melio ra te an d of late years, in the dearth of British dramatic amend. There is uch that is good d valuable in our talent and invention, of " doing into En g li s h" what- institutions, if it were fairly drawn out ; an but much of what ever French pieces, whether clever or silly, decent or is good in our institutions, has through Tory misrule, been indecent, happen to hit the taste of a Parisian audi- perverted to other purposes. But I hold that, in our form cute. Already far too much of the trash of the French of government by King, Lords, and Commons, there will 0 stacre has been served up to the p u bli c o f L on d on a t b . e found a g rea t er d egree o f lib er ty th an ever existed second-hand ; and more especially h as th e s t age b een in any other co un t r y o f th e wor ld, an d as muc h rational loaded with the profan e a n d di sgus ti ng di a bl er i e w hi c h, liberty as a n y p eo pl e un d er th e sun can or oug ht t o enjoy . though very much in vogue in P aris f or some ti me I ask yo u o f th e wor ki ng c l asses , w h o are th e s i news o f the past, is originally of German gro w th—th e horrible, state, what wo u ld b e th e consequence o f an y s y s t em calcu lated to produce confusion ? lam not aware of any class and, at the same tune, puerile offspring of a diseased that would suffer more from such a state than the operatives. mind and depraved imagination, such as writers whose Anything which tends to derange the laws which regulate " divine afflatus" is but the usurpation of brandy and the employment of capital and labour must necessarily tend to opium, are wont to display. If, however, any attempt destroy the mercantile and agricultural prosperity of the to familiarise the British public with the transcendent country ; and if you take my advice, you will take care that impieties and indecency of the play which we hav e when you ame li ora t e you d o no t d es t roy . G ent l emen , named should be made, and the licensing department having th us f ran kl y s t a t e d th a t I w ill not go t h e l engt h set should be licentious enough to permit it, we trust that forth in th e a dd ress rea d b y my h on . friend Bailie Christie, I may be allowed to state that I am an advocate for the such an expression of the,public feeling will be elicited, most determined and speedy correction of all abuses, and as will prove that such an outrage is not to he committed that wherever any abuse can be pointed out, it ought to be with impunity upon the feelings of a nation which has immediately reformed. When I entered your town, the still some character for manly intellect, taste, and mora- first thing that strurk my eye was the magnificent appear lity. But while the gross burlesquing of the most awful ance of your new docks ; but I would not content myself mysteries of religion by our French neighbours disgusts with always admiring the beauty of the masonry, or the skill of th e architect. I would wish to see the waves flow and astonishes us, let us not pass without app ro b a ti on some of those exhibitions of native gro w th w hi c h, ing into it —the navies of the world riding there, and thus manifesting the increasing prosperity of the town. So it is though not impious, are shocking and revolting to taste with the Reform Bill. It is not sufficient that the and humanity, and must be exceedingly injurious to people have the power of electing their representa the morals of the people. Thurtell's murder was tives—they want to see the fruits of it. The repre brought upon the stage even while the accused crimi- sentation of the people is not yet perfect ; but it is nals were awaiting their trial; but that was very p r op er ly better than it was, and the people must wait till they suppressed by a prosecution commenced on behalf o f see if the edifice will effectually answer its purposes. public justice. Now we see that th e mur d ers perpe - Gentlemen, we have been told that there is danger of going too fast, and of acting without due deliberation. Now, trated by the frantic Steinberg on his f am il y an d hi m - self are made the subject of a p u bli c ex hibi t i on b while I admit that every measure sh o uld b e we ll cons id ere d, Y since due consideration alone is effectual, I cannot see why some of those speculators in the attractions of the hor- time should be lost in beginning to deliberate. I cannot, rible, who are always on the watch to gorge the de- for the soul of me, see why, instead of immediately delibe prayed curiosity of a blood-enchanted populace with rating, we should stop in our progress. Should any p erson mock murders as near reality as th e l aw w ill a ll ow f rom Perth be here, he would doubtless come by the them to accomplish. It h as b een announce d t h at t h e steamer ; an d I wou ld as k w h a t h e wou ld h ave said if the house of Steinberg has be en t a k en on t h e specu l a - m tion of showing it to the public ; an d, t o ren d er the middleanat the helm had called out, when they were i n th e of the Tay " Stop her ?" (Laughter.)—He would never have arrived at Dundee. He would have been in sight as attractive as possible, to the lovers of the hor- the middle of a romantic and handsome river, no doubt ; rific, this scene of butchery is intended to display a set but this would not have satisfied him for not getting to the of wax composition figures, vividly representing the end of his journey. Therefore ho would say, that the murderer and his victims, and wearing the identical man at the helm of the state should not stop his course, but clothing they had on when the murders were commit- guide his vessel speedily and safely to port. (Great cheers.) ted. It is stated that the sum of 25/. was given for —Times. the clothes in question. Now we should like to know For the last two days three of the Corporation Com who is it that has sold the blood-saturated clothes for missioners, namely, Sir F. Palgrave and Messrs. Ellis such a purpose. Steinberg himself being found afr/o and Jardine, have been putting money into their poc de se, all his chattel property became forfeited to the kets at the expense of the community, by riding from Crown, and, of course, the clothes of his murdered the west end of the town or the Inns of Courts to family, which ought to have been burnt instead of be- Guildhall, and riding back again. This has literally ing sold to create a public nuisance. To familiarise been the whole amount of their labours, for which the public mind with the disgusting details of murder they are, of course, to be paid as for a full day's work. is to multiply the crime. Such caterers for public It may be said, indeed, that it is not the fault of these amusement ought to have only cannibals for their au- Commissioners if, on going to Guildhall, they could dience. Even the habit of attending executions has find nothing to do ; that they went there for the pur brought many a man to the gallows, by hardening his pose of doing business, and that the backwardness or heart. Two policemen, we are told, attend to preserve contumacy of the City Companies, whose affairs they order. Is it possible that the police are employed to intended to investigate, are the proper objects of re protect a n si *nuisance that ought to be suppres se d as con - proach rather than the Commisoners, who did all tra bonos snores, and a disgrace to civilisation ? — they could. But • • thatthis excuse will we imagine Morning Herald. scarcely be sufficient to reconcile the public to an A dinner has been (riven to Lord Durham by the expense which could not by possibility have any other k - - , magistrates and inhabitants of Dundee, on occasion result than its effect upon the pockets of those who of presenting the Noble Lord with the freedom of that have to pay and those who have to receive. In commercial, prosperous, and improving borough. An these idle visits of his Majesty's Commissioners to address was delivered by the Provost, on behalf of the the wooden giants at Guildhall, who alone were in corporation, wherein the vast and peculiar benefits attendance, the people are permitted to see, much too conferred upon. Scotland by the Reform Bill, in the plainly, the working of the Whig system of reform substitution of a freely chosen Parliament for a system and economy. The proceeding, to say the least of it, which had exhibited nothing but an aggravation of all is excessively indiscreet. It would have been much the worst and most revolting frauds, mockeries, and better had the Treasury paid the Commissioners their oppressions, by which the old representative state of two days' wages, without requiring the latter to under- England and Ireland had been disfigured, were go the preliminary form of a public sitting in which dwelt upon in terms of becoming cordiality, and gra- nothing was to be done. The expense, or the pecu titude to Lord Durham, for the active share which lation, whichever it may more properly be called, is, he had taken in the framing of the great measure of however, the least important part of the matter. There Reform. Undoubtedly, if England owes much to is something exceedingly revolting in the spectacle of the Reform Bill, the deeper debt of Scotland must men calling themselves the Commissioners of the King be measured by the excess of iniquity in her previ- exposing, as the Corporation Commissioners have done ous constitution over the average of English grievance in this instance, for no other visible or imaginable pur and abuse. But there was another Address presented pose than that of pocketing a few guineas of the public to Lord Durham, purporting to be from a body, the money, the utter worthlessness of the authority under continued existence of which down to the present hour, which they pretend to act. It was already sufficiently would seem to render questionable the sense entertained well known that the Corporation Commission is ille by Scotchinen of the solid value of the Reform Bill, gal ; that it conveys to the persons whom it nominates and their confidence in its salutary operation. This no power or authority of any kind ; that every body address was from a body styling itself the " Dundee may make choice for themselves whether they will Political Union." With regard to such Unions, our submit to its inquiries or repel them. All this was declared sentiments have never varied. From the first already known well enough ; but still this Commission, we avowed our conviction, that although they might however vicious, arbitrary, and illegal, was a good be useful to the country under a system of government thing enough for the Commissioners, and it was neither which called for extensive modifications,—when public very seemly nor very grateful in the latter wilfully opinion required to be concentrated, and indefatigably to expose it to the world as an object of ridicule and irresistibly directed against prevalent and crying and contempt. Why should they have gone to Guild abuse,---they could operate no otherwise than to ends hall and opened what in burlesque is called their Court inconvenient or mischievous, after more regular chan- one day, merely to be informed by Mr. Tower, the nels had once been opened for the utterance and en- Clerk of the Fishmongers' Company, that certain emi forcement of the national feeling, and a substantial har- vent fishmongers composing the Court of Assistants of mony establi s h e d b etween t h e op i n i ons of Englishmen 'she fraternity- being out of town, it has not yet and the general institutions of the country. A people. hem ' d e t ermine d whether he shall give an governing its e lf th roug h l aws enacted by i ts own re- to their inuiries or not ? Why shoy answer u the cognized con s tit ut i ona l i nstruments realizes the :sound have made q the same journey, and sat in their theory of practical freedom—a people seeking to over- mock Court a second time, merely to listen to a similar rule its own legi s l a ti ve authorities by ex t e a-eonstitu- de c l arat i on f rom the clerk of the Company of Dra tional means, such as clubs, unions, &c.,--that is, to pers ? Might not the whole of this business have enforce the opinion of certain congregated parties by been accomplished just as well by means of two two ways unknown to law or constitution —d o Iso less than penny post lett ers , w i t h t hi s f urt h er a d vantage i n t h e attempt to work aettledgovernm en t by revolutionary a - revonary latter case, th a t t h e wor ld would not have witnessed mechanism ;and s i n the present case- -that is, aft er men a ssum i ng to b e Commissioners of the King, and Great Britain has obtained an efficient and powerful the authority under which they reform of that vile system which ha ,it und • ermined the and derided in op en Court ? could these Commis y pretend to act, scorned very foundations of all good go v ernment—the go even sinners, if they had taxed principle As chief and most ex- have hit upon any coe itr i ew t ' their irmenuity for a month, to deny to the reform cellent characteristic, viz., its 'self-working power. The illustrate the utter fss ice so well calculated to tility of their authority, as that of Dundee Union entertains some views of the value and appointing a f rsrmal meetine their pro , practicability of which it pr oves its own distrust, by not to attend it, and then, without so aftercs, Opening *settles summoning I' leaving them to make their independent way through ceedings, Tsietly adjourning them, the o r di nary c h anne l s o f press or P ar li ament, b ut b ol- an attempt to assert their own di nity or that Illofuethheairs stering th em up b y t h e art ifi ce of a , c political union ' C ommission, because, forsooth,g certain fishmongers With some of its professed sentiments we heat tily agre and drapers have thought. fit to be out of town — a t —with its hostility to the unjust and heartless corn laws Graves rid or at Margate, at Camberwell —with its demand of corporation and law reform, and or Bow ? erchance, But it is conjectured, drat really enough, its complaint against the unequal pressure of taxation. that the absentee fishmongers and drapers will not fail But we confess there are some things considered as to be in the city b on Lord Mayor's day, and to thi • s SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1834. period, accordingly, the sagacious Commissioners; striving to make up by cunning what they want in power, have postponed their inquiries. And the Com missioners, however wrong in every thing else, are indisputably right in their choice of a season for re newing their investigation into the affairs of the Muni cipal Corporations, for if they obtain no reply to their questions. they will at least have invitations to dinner, which will be much better.—Morning Post: COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. Yesterday the Lord Mayor held a Court of Common Council for the despatch of business, his Lordship being de termined to clear the paper of business in his mayoralty. SELF-DENYING ORDINANCES. At two o'clock a very full Court was assembled, that be ing the hour specially appointed to consider a motion for repealing or suspending the standing order which rendered members ineligible to offices in the appointment of this Court. Mr. C. PEARSON, after a long speech, moved that from and after St. Thomas's Day, the 26th standing order should be repealed. Mr. STEVENS moved an amendment that the 26th stand ing order was calculated to preserve the integrity of the Court, and that the rescinding or suspending of it would have the effect of diminishing the confidence of the consti tuents in their representatives.—(Cheers.) Mr. DIxoN seconded the amendment of Mr. Stevens. He had seen such convincing reasons for preventing mem bers from presenting themselves as candidates for offices of the Corporation, that he had, thirty-eight years ago, pro posed and carried the very standing order the merits of which they were that day discussin g .—(Cheers.) He had seen many gentlemen who proved that they had become members for self-interest alone, and those who entered with intention to benefit themselves were always the most subser vient, always endeavoured to stand well with all, and were most cautious never to make an enemy. He (Mr. Dixon) considered it to be the wisest policy in members of the Court not to thrust themselves forward, but to wait pa tiently, and, if they were good for anything they would be sure to meet their reward.—(Laughter.) Mr. BLACKETT said that the standing order had the effect, when it first appeared, of clearing the Court of many jobbers. After a few words from Mr. Gadsden, Mr. Stacey, and others, the amendment was carried without a division by a very large majority. The Court, after the transaction of some unimportant business, which detained them till a late hour; adjouined. COURT OF REVISING BARRISTERS. BOROUGH OF MARYLEBONE. Mr. COVENTRY and Mr. KEEN, the Barristers, concluded the revision of the list of voters yesterday for the Borough of Marylebone. William Walsh claimed to vote in respect of a house' at Orme's-green, in the parish of Paddington. The claimant had removed from Lambeth last Midsummer twelve months, and had occupied the house for which he now claimed for nine months, and paid all the rates and taxes for twelve months. During the last three months he had gone back to Lambeth, and he now claimed to vote for the house at Orme's-green in respect of successive occupancy. Mr. COVENTRY, on referring to the 27th section of the Reform Act, said that the claim must be disallowed. Mr. KEEN, in concluding the revision of the Marylebone list of voters, expressed his satisfaction at the great care with which the list bad been prepared ; but he wished to call the attention of the parish to one circumstance, namely, an alphabetical arrangement of the names, which, if attended to, would give great convenience to those who had the re vision of the lists. He had received a letter yesterday requesting his opinion on the payment of the shilling, and whether it should be required to be paid as part of the poor rate. He could have given no opinion on the point unless it came regularly before him ; and he should abstain from saying anything about it, as he understood the point would shortly be raised before his Learned Colleague and himself, when they would have an opportunity of giving their opinion on the matter. The Learned Gentleman was proceeding to remark upon the hazard persons ran of forfeiting their franchise by neglecting to pay the shilling for registration, when The parish officer observed that the shilling had never been demanded in that parish, and the question had been put to the Learned Barrister in a letter, in consequence of some of the parishioners entertaining a notion that they would be disfranchised if the shilling was not paid. Mr. KEEN inquired if the shilling had been demanded separately from the rates ? _ The parish officers said the shilling had never been de manded, separately or in connection with the poor rate. The conversation then terminated, and the Court adjourned. CORPORATION COMMISSION. Commissioners Palgrave, Ellis, and Jardine met yester day in the Court of King's Bench, Guildhall : the case fixed for the day's investigation being that of the Drapers' Company. Nothing, however, was done, Mr. Commis sioner Ellis merely stating that a letter had been received from the clerk of the Company, urging a want of prepara tion as a reason for the further adjournment of the inquiry. To this request for a delay the Commissioners have ac ceded ; and the day mentioned in the letter of the Com pany's clerk, namely, the 7th of November, has been ap pointed. It is generally understood that none of the Companies are prepared to supply the Commissioners with the required information at present, and, consequently, that an adjournment in each case will be necessary. In the course of the morning Mr. Woodthorpe, the clerk of the city of London, having entered the Court, Sir F. Palgrave asked him whether, if called upon, he was pre pared to afford any information to the Commissioners rela tive to the connection subsisting between the different Com panies which constituted the object of their present inquiry and the Corporation of London at large in respect to trade, commerce, and finance ; and also, whether he was pre pared to give any info r mation relative to the distribution of charitable funds in the hands of the Company, and parti cularly as to how far those funds were at present applied to the purposes for which they were originally established. Mr. Woodthorpe expressed his willingness to afford all the information in his power upon each of those points, and promised to attend when called upon. The Commissioners then adjourned until eleven o'clock this day. The case of the Salters' Company is that ap pointed for the day's inquiry. WESTMINSTER SESSIONS. These Sessions commenced yesterday morning before the Chairman, F. Const, Esq., and a bench of Magistrates. ROBBERY AT ST. JAMES'S PALACE. William Hill, a respectable looking man, was indicted for stealing various silver labels, napkins, and other articles, the property of his Majesty. The prisoner had been in the employment of the Board of Green Cloth, and worked in St. James's Palace. He had access to the various articles named in the indictment, and suspicion fell on him. The yeomen of the linen de partment and other parties went to the prisoner's residence, and found some napkins. Afterwards it was discovered that the prisoner had pawned several labels and other property. The prisoner had nothing to say in his defence, nor did he call any witnesses. The Jury found him Guilty, and the Court sentenced him to seven years' transportation. TITHES. RATHDOWNEY, SEPT. 30.—The public must be much interested to know the issue of the tithe sale advertised for this day, of the goods of the Rev. Mr. Tracy, Parish Priest of Rathdowney, seized by the sheriff of the Queen's County, at the suit of the Rev. Marcus Monck, his neighbour and quondam friend. About twelve o'clock the sheriff, in discharge of his duty, proceeded to the residence of the Rev. Mr. Tracy, accom panied by detachments of military and police, for the pur pose of levying, by setting up to auction the Rev. gentle man's property, the amount of an execution obtained by the Rev. Mr. Monck, for a claim which was originally but one pound ! None but those who witnessed the scene which presented itself, could think it possible that fifteen or twenty thousand men, burning with indignation and a high sense of injury, could have restrained themselves within the limits of the law, under causes so exciting. The sheriff's bailiff now proceeded in the centre of the immense crowd to offer about 1000 kishes of turf for sale, premising it to be of suporior quality, and held up as a sample the full of a "ske'eogh" for the inspection of the bidders. He said he would not require any one to bid high—he would thankfully receive the smallest offer. (A death-like silence)--what—is the turf worth nothing, he exclaimed ? I say I will take any thing you offer—are there no bidders ? Gentlemen, this is a most extraordi nary auction. Will no one buy turf, and winter so near ? (All silent.) After several appeals of a like nature, he an a.inced that as there were no bidders for the turf he would -ffer the hay and corn to their consideration. Like —aised their quality, &c., but with similar bidder—the cattle were also put Thus ended this extraor- next the turf, he effect. There being ". up, but with no better suceess. dinary drama. The sheriff making a low bow, withdrew, but vv.__ informi ng his numerou s au di ence where the next farce was to be perormed, nor even thanking them for their atten dance. —Correspondent of the Carlow Post. - -:+bout IMPROVEMENT OF THE BREEDS OF SHEEP. The breed of sheep to be reared in any case must be selected according to the nature of the pastures, and the artificial means possessed of supplying food. If a mountain breed is selected for rearing on a low arable farm, then the advantage is lost which the farm pos sesses of producing a larger and finer class of animals. If, on the other hand, a lowland breed is carried to a mountain farm, an error of a different kind, but yet more hurtful, is committed ; for a fine stock will be ruined if placed in circumstances where it cannot be maintained. The breed then being selected, which is the best suited to the circumstances in which it is to be placed ; the province of the breeder is tO breed from the best individuals. Disposition to feed, and early maturity, are the pro. perties most regarded in sheep to be reared for food. But the property of yielding good and abundant woo is not to be disregarded ; and there is another pro. perty essential in the rearing of this class of animals viz., hardiness and sound health of individuals. In the case of the sheep as of the ox, refinement in breeding may be carried too far, and with more danger. By breeding from animals near of blood, the same means exist in the case of the sheep as of the ox, of giving that prematurity of age which produces a dis position to feed. But it is attended to with the same effect, of rendering the animals more delicate and sub ject to diseases. It seems a violence done to nature, when carried too far, and the animals show the effect of it by becoming too fine in their skins, by ceasing to produce wool in sufficient quantity, by the females ceasing to yield milk, and by the males becoming at length unable to continue their species. Whenever, then, the sheep of any flock become too near of blood, the breeder should resort to the best ani mals of another family, but of the same breed, to con tinue his stock. This species of crossing is now easy, since there is scarce any of the cultivated breeds of which superior males may not be procured from other flocks. In the case of the new Leicester, so widely diffused and highly improved, no necessity can exist for breeding from animals too nearly allied.—Prqfessor Law's Elements of Practical Agriculture. THE WING OF A BAT. The wing of the bat is very commonly spoken of as a wing of leather, and the idea attached to this term undoubtedly is, that it is composed of a callous mem brane ; that it is an insensible piece of stuff like the leather of a glove or of a lady's shoe ; but nothing can be farther from the truth. If one were to select an organ of the most exquisite delicacy and sensibility, it would be the bat's wing. It is any thing but leather, and is, perhaps, the most acute organ of touch that can be found, though it is not easy to understand why it should be so. Spallanzani, a philosopher as noted for his extreme cruelty, as for his ingenuity and love of research, had observed that bats could fly with great certainty, in rooms, however dark, without striking against the walls. He found that when their eyes were covered, they could fly with as much precision as before ; and even when their eyes were put out, no al teration in this respect was observed. When branches of trees or threads were suspended from the ceiling they avoided them, nor did they even brush the threads as they flew past or between them ; and even when the space between was too small to admit their expanded wings, they contracted the latter so as to suit their di mensions to the breadth of the passage. Spallanzani thought that the bat must possess a sixth sense. The organs of vision had been destroyed, and therefore it could not be by sight that they avoided all obstacles. In many individuals the ears were stopped, so that it could not be by hearing; in others the nostrils were stopped, so that it could not be by smelling ; and taste is out of the question. The following remarks from Cuvier are sufficiently demonstrative, I think, that it is by the acuteness of the sensation of touch in the wing, and not by any additional sense, that the phe nomenon is to be accounted for. " The bones of the metacarpus, and the phalanges of the four fingers which succeed the thumb, are excessively elongated. The membrane which unites them presents an enor mous surface to the air ; the nerves which are distri buted to it are numerous, and minutely divided ; they form a network very remarkable for its fineness, and the number of its anastomoses. It is probable that, in the action of flight, the air, when struck by this wing, or very sensible hand, impresses a sensation of heat, cold, mobility, and resistance on that organ, which in dicates to the animal the existence or absence of ob stacles which would interrupt its progress. In this manner' blind men discover by their hands, and even by the skin of their faces, the proximity of a wall, door of a house, or side of a street, even without the assist ance of touch, or merely by the sensation which the difference in the resistance of the air occasions."— Letters to a Young Naturalist. AMERICAN PRISON DISCIPLINE. It is upon the firm conviction of the inefficacy of incarceration in itself as a punishment, that the mo dern' system of prison discipline in some of the States of America is founded. The first principle, the es sence of this system, is the complete isolation of the culprit. To produce this effect is the object of the distinct modes of proceeding, which pursue this end by different means. At Auburn and Sing-Sing in the State of New York, and in the other prisons founded upon these as models, the culprits are separated from each other in distinct cells during the night, and labour together during the day. The most rigid silence is enforced by immediate punishment ; not a word nor a sign of communication is permitted. To such perfec tion is this system carried at Sing-Sing, that 900 cul prits are to be seen at work in the quarries without the walls of the prison, guarded by not more than 30 persons. Each culprit, isolated from his neighbour by silence, certain of immediate punishment for the slightest attempt to infringe it, ignorant of what are the feelings of those around him, is as powerless to create disturbance as if he were confined in a dungeon. In most of the prisons this discipline is enforced by the summary application of the lash, the certain and immediate infliction of which has the effect, which ever results from certain and immediate punishment, of producing sufficient terror to deter, and to render the infliction of the pain rare. At Auburn weeks and months sometimes elapse without punishment of this kind. At Wethersfield, in Connecticut, solitary con finement, without work, without a diminution of food, are the means by which discipline is enforced ; the lash is only resorted to in the last extremity ; three years have been known to elapse without its being used. Another system is adopted in Pennsylvania, which obviates the necessity of any punishment in order to preserve discipline in the prison. The cul prits are separated from each other both by day and night—they labour alone in their cells. This system, which is approved of by the highest authorities in America on this subject, is objectionable chiefly on the score of expense. As the culprit never leaves the cell in which he is confined till the end of the period of incarcation, the cells require to be much larger, to have open courts attached to them for the prisoner to walk in and breathe the air, and various other accommoda tions which are not requisite for prisons constructed for the system adopted at Auburn. According to the report of the French Commissioners who were sent to America to examine the penitentiary system, the ex pense of prisons constructed on the Auburn system need not be greater than that of the prisons constructed in the ordinary manner. We therefore consider that a complete isolation of the culprits with hard labour is essential to a good system. A sum of money has been granted to Parliament for the purpose of converting the barracks on Dartmoor into a penitentiary. There, we trust, the effects of isolation with hard labour will be tried, and a series of experiments commenced, which may ultimately tend to a complete reformation of the prisons in this country. The mission of a person to America to examine the penitentiaries, seems to testify that we are beginning to feel the defects of our prison discipline, and the necessity of improving it. EDINBURGH CITY REGIS TRA TION.—The Sit tings of the Appeal Court have now ended, and we have as certained that the following is the final result :—Total claims, ,549. Liberals admitted, 855; Tories admitted, 324; • i:.;cs unknown admitted, 172; Total admitted, 1,351.- -ted, 131 ; Tories rejected, 56 ; Politics un- Total rejected, 198. Liberals rep, known rejected, 21 . 5, POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL. Yesterday Mr. Glenny, one of the stewards of the New Benevolent Whip Club, attended before Aldermen KELLY and HARMER to answer the complaint of Francis Vickers, for excluding him from that Society without just cause. The City Solicitor pro. tem.) attended to support the complaint ; and Mr. ADOLPHUS and Mr. HUMPHREYS ap peared on behalf of the Club. The complainant was admitted a member in 1824, and. expelled in March, 1833, for not paying his subscription in due time, the articles requiring that he should pay between the hours of nine and twelve in the forenoon, while he, having to travel from Brighton, did not reach town till twenty minutes past twelve. His money was then refused. George Mentz, the Secretary, proved • that the com plainant was expelled for bringing his money twenty mi nutes too late. He tendered 51. 35., being a whole year's subscription, and fines then due. The rule had not been relaxed in favour of particular individuals. Mr. Alderman KELLY asked if the complainant bad been a burthensome member of the Society ? • The Secretary believed he had drawn from twenty to thirty guineas in the whole. Mr. Alderman HARMER asked if the officers of the So ciety had concluded their business before the complainant arrived ? Mr. Mentz said, " No. They were all there casting up their money." Mr. ADOLPHUS urged that the rules ought to be strictly abided by. The first article said the money should be paid before twelve at noon, and that none should be taken after that time, nor at any other time. With this rule to guide them the - stewards could not legally receive the com plainant's money. Mr. JAMES, the City Solicitor, maintained that the Le gislature would not have given a resort to the Magistrates if it had not intended that they should interfere in cases of hardship like this. Mr. Alderman HARMER said Mr. Alderman KELLY thought, with him, that, as the 3d Article, which said a member should be expelled if he did not pay up all arrears on the fourth quarterly meeting, had no restriction as to hours, it was to be understood that the money might be paid at any time during that meeting ; and, as the stewards had not on this occasion concluded their business they ought to have received the complainant's subscription, and he had been improperly excluded. The Magistrates, therefore, ordered him to be re-instated. A young man, named Dakin, was brought up by Herds field, the Guildhall officer, charged with having robbed Mr. Waithman, the linen-draper, at the corner of Fleet-street, by whom he was employed as a shopman, of property to a considerable amount. The prisoner declined making any defence, and he was committed for trial. BO W-STREET. Mr. HALLS, the sitting magistrate at this office, was en gaged until a late hour on Wednesday night, and again yesterday afternoon for several hours in the investigation of an alleged charge of murder, made against a young man, respectable in appearance, named George Holland. The examination excited a strong degree of interest, and the office was greatly crowded. Mr. HALLS had paid most anxious attention - to the case; but, taking the whole of the evidence, he did not think sufficient had been made out to warrant him in interfering with the decision of the Coroner's Jury. It appeared to him, however, that the evidence was not sufficiently con clusive, and the defendant must therefore be discharged. The sister of the deceased was greatly excited at the de cision, and said justice had not been done. She left the office cryinc , bitterly. The defendant went away with his solicitor. He was perfectly cool, and evinced great indifference during the in vestigation. LAMBETH-STREET. THE CHIMNEY SWEEPERS' GAGGING ACT.—Yesterday this office was literally besieged by master sweeps who do business in a small way, and who, with their journeymen and apprentices, amounted to some hundreds. This extra ordinary assemblage was caused by one of their sable bre thren laying information against three of the fraternity, under the Act of Parliament passed during the last session for having, themselves and their boys, cried " Sweep, sweep !" in the public streets, and also with having in their employment, as " climbingboys," lads under the age of four teen years. _ The cases were heard, and dismissed with light penalties; but the chummies declared, one and all, that if they were not permitted to cry as usual, they must starve. MAR YLEBONE. Yesterday Hugh Cuthbert, a tailor, residing at No. 3, Cumberland -street, Tottenham-court-road, was placed at the bar before the sitting Magistrate, Mr. SHUTT, charged with having stabbed a journeyman baker named Thomas Stevenson. A certificate from the surgeon of the Middlesex Hospital having been produced stating that Stevenson was not yet out of danger, the prisoner, who said that he had used his shears in his own defence, was remanded till Saturday. Yesterday morning, after Mr. SHUTT had disposed of the night charges, he called the attention of Mr. Fell, the chief clerk, to an unjustifiable and gross misstatement that had been made by one of the reporters of this office, and which had appeared in most of the London Journals. Mr. Twilley, the steward of Marylebone workhouse, and Mr. King the assistant overseer, were present, and Mr. SHUTT delayed making any remarks on the subject for nearly half an hour, in order that as many reporters might be present as possible to facilate the ends of truth. Mr. SHUTT, after reading the report which was furnished, and appeared in the Times of Monday last, respecting some young paupers that he (the Magistrate) was represented to have ordered to be " flogged" at the workhouse, designated the whole as a vindictive and fabulous account, tending to bring him into contempt. Mr. Shutt commented on the report as he proceeded, and at the conclusion of it inquired which of the reporters was the author of it ? A Mr. Gilson, who has been in the habit of attending the office, said he could not deny that he had written the article in question. Mr. SHUTT replied that he should know how to deal with the case. He was at all times happy to assist the public press in furthering the ends of justice, but when the proceedings of that office were so grossly perverted, he could not pass it over unnoticed. The Magistrate then appealed to Messrs. Twilley and King, Mr. Phillips, the clerk, and the other reporter, as to the truth of the matter set forth, and the whole of them de clared it to be untrue. William Husselton, an officer of the establishment, was then sworn, and deposed that Mr. Gilson told him on Sa turday that he would " show up Mr. Shutt, for he had a nice rod in pickle for him." Mr. Gilson did not deny this ; or in any way justify him self, and Mr. SHUTT ordered his total exclusion from the office henceforth. MARLBORO UGH-STREET. THE POOR LAW AMENDMENT ACT.—Yesterday a re spectably-dressed young woman of the name of Passom, ac companied by an elderly female, applied to Mr. CONANT, in consequence of the parish officers of St. George's, Ha nover-square, having refused to allow her any support. The applicant was twenty-two years of age, and had up to a very late period supported herself and a younger sister by her needle. Owing, however, to so many families being out of town, she for some weeks past had been unable to earn sufficient to keep herself in food. The consequence was she became indebted where she lodged in the sum of Bs. for rent. On Wednesday evening her landlady asked her for the payment. She replied she was unable to liqui date the debt ; on which her landlady said that she should not remain there another night, and forthwith proceeded to turn her out of doors. Being destitute of a single farthing she was under the necessity of walking the streets the whole of the night. Yesterday morning she called on a friend (an elderly female who accompanied the young woman to the office), who desired her to apply to the parish officers for some assistance. She accordingly went to Marylebone workhouse, and stated her case ; they in reply said her sleeping in their parish was of no service, and that she must go to the one in which she was born, or where her parents rented a house. In compliance with these orders she'pro ceeded to St. George's. The overseers told her she had no claim on them, and that she must do the best she could for herself. Mr. CONANT—Have you no friends ? Applicant—l have not. My father has been dead about three months and my mother upwards of nine years. Mr. CONANT—What was your father ? Applicant_ He lived in the family of the Marquis of Ailesbury for several years, and kept a house in Mount-street, Grosvenor- square. Mr. CONANT-4 should . think if y ou were to apply to the family of the Marquis something would be done for you. A pp l ican t —The Marquis is not in England, and my fa ther was not in the service of his Lordship when he died. Mr. CoriAr—Have you ever been in service? Appli cant—Yes, Sir ; but owing to ill-health I was obliged to leave my place, and since then I have obtained until lately my livelihood by my needle. Mr. CONANT—I do not know what I can do for you, for since the new Poor Law Bill has come into operation a Magistrate has no power to interfere. The result is, un fortunate applicants are sent from one parish to another without the slightest relief being afforded them. Applicant—l do not know what to do, for last night I walked the streets, and to-night I have no better prospect before me, and if there was no "other evil attending it I should lose my character, which is all I have to depend on. Mr. CONANT—Yours is a case in which I should be very re Frei happy to interfere, and if any of the parish officers a sent I will speak to them The worth magistrate . was however infor med thatteeet y the Bill had come into operation, the parish offi ce rs al atten M d. . CONANT-If they were here I could oulY, t he tter mend their giving you some relief; but you had thc sleep in the parish to-night, and then go to-morrow tobor workhouse, and if in case nothing is done, wh ich ...i i 'trate w w i il ll l s n e o e t w b h e a t t h o e an ca b se, dcooomeefohrerNe,o,ord then the Trga utain Applicant—l do e not know where or how I can o u --- „ u r lodging, for I have not a farthing of money even t° r chase food with. L ., g o Mr. CONANT—NO doubt y our f r iend will t a ke • al her place for one night, if not you would be as fa r ° • ever in obtaining any assistance. To this suggestion of th e wor thy magistrate tl'e, cant's friend assented, and the y oung woman having Oen Mr. Conant for his advice, left the office. n . zaa r, Mr. Richardson, the man ager o f the Panthe on ..n yesterday appeared on a summons charging h ill ' A t" . ' 9l (t, glecting and refusin to pay the sum o f 11 44 lot being a part of the rate the Pantheon for the eighteen years. thei r The contending partie s were eac h accompanied I)," 5 f solicitors. The Marylebo ne l oca l A c t gives the offieetre:t that parish the powe r t o ra t e a ll th e h ou ses in Oxford -5 a for the purpose of lighting and paving, and they le cordingly received to the present moment g the money for the assessment. There have been sone ten d extensive alterations in the premises, and as they el a or into Marlborough-street, the parish of St. James b" ter' m of oned the proprietor for the half of the rate for th e A ge l° eighteen years. They contend that Michael ' 3l- h e f t he Taylor's Act gives them the right to a division ° o r rating, and on the other hand the proprietors of the Vble very justly consider that they have no right to pal be' for lighting and paving because the parishes dispute tween m themselves which had the greater right to it• d St. Mr. CHAMBERS was of opinion that the p arish - iv James had no right to any portion of the rate forth e m a rl• theon. They did receive their rate for a house in m ea ts, borough-street, which in the course of the imPreveh' o ri• had been added to it, but they had no claiM upon t-e whole every lr af ginal building. .. Mr. CONANT was of the same opi n ion as his colie The MAGISTRATES then decided against the P of St. James. ,-, , 0 1 Mrs. Lear, a little woman, between 50 and 6 ",: e 'our age, very handsomely dressed, charged her husbac",.arlig 0' neyman plumber, in appearance about 25, with 11 3 ' 1 saulted her, and given her a pair of black eyes. ;me nial . The complainant gave a long history of her ma" . ; c os e grievances, declaring that when her husband firi'diatel,' a-wooing, he was all love and docility, but imir e ti po o after marriage he changed his behaviour, bestes'lncher her a liberal portion of hard words and harder bloc e s ,', or ever he was out of temper, a circumstance which e ` t p - c i he' curred. A very few days back he struck and ab us ' t otilY and she had now made up her mind to leave him , l' ° t ,iloo" on account of his ill-treatment, but because be did Pe ' ker a sufficient portion of his earnings. ist here Defendant—Why, look at her, ur Worship, het' another journeyman's wife in London y who can shc ° 0b (0 3 ter silk gown on her back, or a handsomer gold 118 0 chain round her neck? The fact is, your Wc rshiP ' a good deal younger than her, and she is jealous ° .aa ffn i e' o'! A til s Wife—/Ile jealous ! No, you may keep on l r f br your L fine marms, if you like, so as you keep yo - . off me. tri ° Mr. CHAMBERS—Why, w hat e l se c ould you OP ° d ot b e to be I ' l 1 0 marrying a man whom you was old enough t ting' $ to ? Wife—Your Worship, when he came a-ta then me he was ten years o lder th an he was. I ' dc house handsomely furnished. fo r you Mr. CHAMBERS .— Of course, he married Y° o .e. property ; you could not have supposed it was for I ° l . iii il' Husband.—Your Worship, what she says 82°4 j.- 0 °I treatment is false. I never touched her ills ' ve ils I room, and sold and pawned everything I ; hadt.fte l 7ol l°l shirts, and that aggravated me, but I did not 11'" . to her. Toe' Wife.—Your Worship, he beat me and calle d me and I have a witness to prove how he treats 10', le e r night Mr. CHAMBERS.—Was y our h us b an d in liquor 0 1 " rai Wife.—l don't know. , .mur Mr. CHAMBERS.—Try if you cannot s ettle g" putes . between yourselves. w eek' Wife.—No, I'll leave him if he'll allow me 1(15 ', 3 0 l' ° ,d /I'' Husband.—l'll allow you nothing. You may % withbrv andwmatee,ratnad p share half what I have, but I'll l ive -II ~ bope,' g., Mr. CHAMBERS, finding a reconciliation to v e ,, toe - , directed the warrant should stand over, and 10 ''eioc— time the defendant was to enter into his own gee' to keep the peace towards his wife. WORSHIP-STREET. Yesterday a travelling tinker, named 6corgewbcf°' most desperate looking f e ll ow , was pl ace d at the sbre Messrs. BENETT an d T WYFORD , c h arge d WiT : i l s : 011 111 ,!Of saulted sever a l poli ce cons t a bl es o f t h e G:` v t i: O . execution of their duty, an d h av i ng b i tt e n on e one of the cor. The prisoner s not being able to pay the fine ths,t 101 flitted, was committ e d t o pr i son f or six weeks , °nu° a e tnr to be kept to hard labour. d Oa' THE NEW POOR LAWS.—Yesterday, an ag e men n Af ciated man, with starvation actuall his en t ;,: i 00 . '4 who gave his name John Brown, was y br i ought No' ;b of Stoddard, a police constable of the H e d and placed at the bar before Mr. BENETT oha Share' stealing two loaves of bread from a baker's sh ° P a s ditch under these circumstances : r o • Stoddard, the c ons t a bl e , s t a t e d t h a t the P - b e eP c is t was in an extreme s t a t e o f d es tit u ti on , an d ha clav'P'sf; dering about the neighbourhood of Shoreditch Prue tri having no house to go to, and bad existed upon t y es terl e " assistance of some of the charitable inhabitant s * , t , W a d morning the constable was on duty in High-str e ' s hoPil l e ditch, and observed the prisoner go into a hak,„ er ls. come out with two half-quartern loaves in his Dr" bat p r ot baker ran after him and took the bread from,hill'bee,*( e ut #1; fused to give the poor fellow into custody. into the first cheesemonger's shop and w alked " rec oc e ",e , piece of ba con , b u t th e c h eesemonger a lso, en in &l e o his property, de c li ne d g i v i ng hi m i n t o custody t o le quence of his abject stat e o f misery. The P2 l-- 0 15 ise proceeded on and went i n t o a h am and beef S u f r ,, hk e l a German sausage, and th e proprietor of that Out Pi : 3 01 said that he would no t c h arge hi m . He ° l - loav es •to another baker's shop and took up two son, walked away with th em , an d w i tness then t 0 roses eut ro custody, but th e b a k er sa id th a t h e s h o uld net P e ase' r ibs Mr. BENETT—This appears to be an ext rene --0 1 ° D 01 4 I have no power to interfere otherwise than to t : o p t o poor fellow for the felony. What have Ye n , a for 9 man ? Th e di sconso l a t e wre t c h sa id that he u ti shorliot years carried on a very respectable business 3 f r oin na at parish, and a very short time ago his wife elorT, ou t • r;" and took with her property to the amount of tt n j which was the sole cause of his present distress, I ni tl sequence of having no relief from the parish be r witted the theft for the purpose of being pt e: 3: 7 7 och i seag,:tetftitten g to : son, where he said he would have a home. f ae r tbe Mr. BENETT thought he evinced sym ment ; but the poor unfortunate fellow Persi— knew well what he was about. Mr. BENETT said, to say the least of it, it a most distressing case, and he hardly kne w nr fell He however directed Stoddard to take the P° ao , to 10 1 ho the re liev Mr. Medcalfe's, a public-house adjoining the meal, and then to take him to Mr. Coast, idol to the overseer of the parish of Shoreditch. The wretched man appe a r e d extremely t- nnkf , to Magistrate for hi s ki n d ness . the clop t The Magi s t ra t e a l so di rec t e d Mr. Bayl es, en tlexp e . .o write a n o t e t o M r . C oas t, reque sting tha t A una te "' co lt , take int o i mme di a t e cons id erat i on the nal: l w the r case. St o dd ar d i s t o report t o the Magis tr this day. jo y, BIRTHS. 13f coin' , On the 6th i ns t., at Edi n b urgh , t h e lady of Nei rAd Esq., of Polt inst of a daughtr.Callg ibell, On the 2d ~ h at Boreland, e the lady of C. W , of a daughter. „ I mes'. _ fa r"' On the Ist inst., Mrs. Alfred Hurlstone, a."'" to o,' On the Bth inst., at Denmark-hill, Mrs.'Willi 0 00 , MARR IA G E ganol, ev t heo a t D Thomas asthe.w9agthnerin,sEt.s,q.a,t ofS LunGioenor_gplea'sce,Chpuiishigi,c.:),Ait.orrof youngest daughter of the late John Powell, Lambeth, Russell-street, Bloomsbury. rn ,,,,,13 f the On the 9th inst., at St. Mary's . ' dau ghter ° Robertson, Esq. of Lincoln's Inn, to Harriet, Ge o or n g t e h A e l 9 o t r h e, in i s s t q : , a o t f s ß o a u e th den i ja A ck b n e e r y d , es jar:;r. A sc d 0 8 :1 11 1: 94.' John's-square, to Susannah, second daughter of Ja.. ger of St. Mary Abbott's-terrace, Kensington. Mr. rrhorla On the 9th inst., at St. Matthew's, Brixton, _ ta worth, of Symond's Inn, solicitor, to Anna Alarg!' f 'cii entu al', ol ,, dock, eldest daughter oiCharles Cradock, P On the 4th inst. at Brighton, Lawrence Callaghan, Elizabeth, relict oiMr. George Morris, of Kensington. --------------- c Or a ' , , DEATHS• his (); d th y e ear 7t . h inst., at Tunbridge Wells, Mrs. Elisabeth Afg96l3'o 1 eldest daughter of Thos. Turner, Esq., late of Cheapsideiloties9 On the 30th ult., at Islington, Mr. George Ridsda la lie r castle, 0045, On the 29th ult. at the Queen's Head Inn, New, • o rib , r return from Cheltenham to Coldstream, aged 62, Lady .:%iatrivr of :r e i ( relict of Sir John Marjoribanks, Bart., of Lees, and 11° „15 a ''',,it• William Marjoribanks, Bart., who died at CheltenhaT ° , tiro T he before, aged 42. Lady Marjoribanks having been a i i: e n e e. . tb in well, was not made acquainted with Sir William's a ni ity 01 present is the fifth death which has occurred in the fa nineteen months. London : Printed and Pubbahed by DIVIID O at The Sun Office, No. 112, Strand. to h out 4 ,'"Posec 4 en cosei A ns" _ at a , 1 -g Y an A plj to J ; 1 1-4 , ‘ St Sett n c 'tat'sl• n j at n . ea Gi George v. , ,,i '11 5 , 4 ! oßlilkb)ect iz e, l 4 t I I i i '' . ,t e i , 5 o t r i d r e r e ul e r ' I:P.ftala il3' tirofitable 4 r, nett t o t' Th e n ' f 1,;,, Ir e , )14,,e zelusi' is gt ,, — Prop° Lk, „, cr t the s A p „,''. l , Per to alleatio l n ? ri srs. . ' . 14 4, 1 ,, , ... ei , e zere I 11-76-6 - 1R , 3 Nt THE E s • Aljih B k l Nvo r 'LI „.4.)llll.iitie to, o , r 'Art of C'' tr q v• uf•L e , Lscr, 4 tte tq , Lett: Gee Prij