The Sun. — London, England, 1861-10-19 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR 1N AMERICA. ( From the_ Special Correspondent of the Times.) WASHINGTON, OCT. 4. In the first place let me state that there is no ! truth whatever in the report that General Fremont has been superseded by General Wool. Such a step Would be dangerous, but as General Fremont is not a regular officer, and as he is in need, perhaps, of another " adlatus," the Government have sent Gen. 'Wool from Fortress Monroe, to be ready in case of emergency, and to step in to-aid the General, to im prove any success, to assist him in any difficulty, and to succeed and supersede him in case of failure. General Mansfield, a regular officer of some reputa tion here, a man of vigour and decision of character, takes the important command of Fortress Monroe and its vicinity, and so far only are the positive I3tatements in New York papers founded on fact. On or about October 10 a great naval expedition will sail from the fortress and the various points along the coast to renew offensive operations against the Confederate seaboard, from which signal results are expected. The Government of the United States are determined to open a cotton port. They do not Believe in the loyalty of the South, or in their fer vent oaths that they never will give a bale of their cotton to the Yankees. They hold that cotton is King and will rule in spite of recent experience. And so, if they can get a port , they believe cotton will come there, and that the temptation of higher . prices than were ever known will induce them to end their cotton there for exportation. Then again, there s is the theory that in reality an immense pro portion of the citizens in every State, except South Carolina, are in heart Union men, and that therefore they will flock in myriads, cotton laden, to the arms o f their deliverers. Thus another phase of a despo tic absolute Power may be developed in the great republic, and a Government monopoly may be created in cotton. Whether it will be for the interest of the consumers and manufacturers to see such a monopoly established it is easy to determine. But a strong-protectionist Government will scarcely fail to put on the screw with their foreign customers when they hold in their hands the only supply of an article of the first necessity. If the war continues and the South remain obstinate, it may be doubtful whether another large cotton crop is ever produced in the United, or, rather, in the Confederate States. But it will be a hard test of the sincerity of their convictions to offer to the needy planters and the "poor white trash" of the seceded States a certain market and enormous profits for their stock. As cotton must eventually come from foreign countries, it may be found that the seat of his power has been transferred to India, Egypt, or Brazil ; and both the North and the South may be astonished to discover that the lever with which they thought they could rule the world is broken for ever. Meantime the authorities in the Confederate States are discourag ing any accumulation of cotton at the ports, and, as I wrote long ago from the South, the planters will for the present retain the cotton on their estates. The amount of their produce which has been sub scribed to Government is clearly confiscated, as the property of the enemy, if it fall into the hands of the United States. The effort is about to be made to open the ports, and te,place the crop in the hands of the North ; and at the same time the sugar planters will be tempted by the enormous enhancement of the price of their produce in consequence of the high protective duty. In order to effect this important object a strong force will be placed under the corn mand of Capt. Davis, of the United States Navy, who is a highly accomplished and scientific officer, to proceed to sea, and effect the reduction of such places as it may be considered possible to" take and retain by force of arms, and a division of troops and marines will be put on board to attack and garrison the strong places. Much will depend on the discretion of the - officers in command as to the places to be taken, and it is not unlikely that Fer nandina, Pensacola, and the mouths of the Missis sippi will be visited with hostile intent. Nor can Texas hope eventually to escape untouched, and the permission given by Mexico to send troops through her territory will add considerably to the dangers and difficulties of the Confederates in that quarter. Fort Macon, which protects the entrance to Beau fort, and a series of internal communications, is pro bably too strong to be reduced by long range shell fire, as it is a regular fort with casemates, and, as it is armed with heavy guns, the fire of shipping can scarcely reduce it. The spirits of the navy run high, and the recent gallant little affair at Pensa cola, where the boats ran in and destroyed a Con federate armed schooner and spiked the guns of a battery, has given them confidence and a desire to do more. The flag officer of the northern division of the Atlantic blockading squadron is Capt. Golds borough. The flag officer of the southern division is Capt. Du Pont, and Capt. Davis, already men tioned, is captain of the fleet. The land forces, numbering some 4,500 or 5,000 men, will be under the command of Gen. Sherman, an artillery officer of repute and ability, and the Marines will be com manded by Major Reynolds, of that branch of the service. Six large steam-frigates, eight corvettes and sloops, and a large number of gunboats will form part of the blockading squadrons and the squadrons of offensive operations, and no pains or expense has been spared to make the force complete in all its points. In the course of 15 or 20 days we may expect to hear that its work has been com menced, but I think for the present the large cities, such as ChaxlPston, Savannah, Mobile, and New Orleans, are tolerably safe. The result of the investigation and experience of the Navy Department respecting the personnel of the service will lead to the compulsory retirement of several of the senior officers, among whom will be Commodore Stringham, who commanded the Hat teras expedition. It is considered that he did not carry out his instructions, and that, owing to his neglect, the Confederates have received £300,000 worth of arms, clothing, ordnance, and stores, in the vessel which recently ran the blockade at Savannah. This steamer about which full particulars are given in the American papers, is British property, and it argues a degree of confidence in that fact almost amounting to sublimity on the part of the owners that they have applied to the British Minister, I believe, to obtain an order to permit her to proceed to sea again. Indeed, they think it hard that they should be liable to the loss of their vessel after she has succeeded so cleverly in running the blockade. Our British merchants, however, must yield to cir cumstances, and if they will disregard the Queen's proclamation and the policy of the country to which they belong, they will have to take the consequences, among which may be the practical exemplification of the rule that enormous profits are generally at tended by enormous risks. There are plenty of ques tions which cannot be avoided rising up between the two countries in consequence of their intimate com mercial relations, and the intermixture of their sub ject- 8 - By the last mail the opinion of Judge Betts ° E n ur th o e pe li a i n aw_a .. tha case went to England, and no d ou bt em will have learnt w ith astonish ment that t r h 9lld er no ruler in th e world with su c h extraordinary pow er nited Batatand prerogatives as the Presi dent of the "1.1 but one may venture t o assert that if the honest .is lawyer who now holds these tremendous f un °de asked to give an exposition o s fi n his hand h a d b een the Presidentia l * a thority he would have f a llenvernarsh ,inuhlibseesftlioir: mate of them this time tw e lvemo nth . It sent principles b inl ax the European jurisconsults to di gest and principles set forth in that elaboros and ment, which has met undivided support o u thi s Xl of the Atlantic. Meantime, apart from the opera_ tions in Missouri and Kentucky, of which we know nothing at present, there is nothing doing of an ac tive belligerent character. Gen. M'Clellan's enor- , mous army has slowly extended its lines, and pushed into the ground and positions which the enemy pretended that they occupied, and all the intelli gence and information which can be had of the Confederates is that they have fallen back to their old positions. As yet their leaders have succeeded perfectly in concealing their objects and even their positions from their opponents. Nothing could have been more complete in its way than their small triumph in making the Federalists believe they were meditating an advance and were in force behind Munson's-hill, a n d a l ong the advanced hi line Which they occupied from Lewinsville to Al; an "`' b% 44 they dotard to draw out the ;titter to attack them their failure was equally conspicuous. There is something childish and Chinese in the " buggaboo" sort of game played in the fac of two very large masses of armed men of sticking up painted guns, or " quakers," in sham works, of planting pumps before their sham lines, and of firing ricks of hay and barn doors with redhot pel lets. If General Beauregard is ready to be attacked but not to attack, General M'Clellan is also pre pared to receive an offensive movement rather than than to make one. In fact, they are both perfectly well aware at this moment that their armies are quite beyond their grasp, and that all they could be uld do in such a country as lies between them would to depend on the officers of brigades to work their men almost independently, and to hold their own behind their lines and in the position in which they are placed. Any attempt to manoeuvre or to handle even a third of the reputed forces before Washing ton in that hilly, wooded region must fail. No coup crceil can be of service unless the General directs operations from a balloon by an electric telegraph to each colonel's pocket. A regiment marching along is lost to sight in a few hundred yards as completely as if it was a rabbit bolted into a warren hole, or bobbing through a turnip field. The advan tages are all on the side of the defensive force ; but of the two the Confederates are more familiar with the ground. Still it is obvious in the present temper of the public, fretted as they have been for months past by announcements that " a great battle will take place immediately," that some forward move ment must be made, and that all the money and men distributed about Washington must do something. Not that there is now-a-days any of the ignorant impertinence and arrogant clamour which led to Bull's Run, but that the North, which has given so much, wants something in return now that the fighting season has arrived. Two large armies cannot stand face to face continually with raging nations behind them. But where is Beaure gard's army ? There are traces of the enemy along the Federal front; there areshootings of sentries and small skirmishes between pickets, but as far as I can learn there is no positive knowledge that the bulk of the army is at any place in particular, though it is quite certain that whenever a Fede ralist force appears a Confederate force is soon in view of it. If Beauregard expects that his oppo nent will march directly on his position in front of Manassas I think he will be disappointed, and he will probably be forced at last either to divert a portion of his forces to the west, with long marches and a difficult country before him, or to make the attempt on which I have always calculated, if ever he could obtain possession of the Potomac, to cross into Maryland. There would be no novelty in illu strating the position by a reference to the attitude of Sir Richard Strachan and the Earl of Chatham, but the position is nevertheless like enough. Gen. M'Clellan is so well acquainted with his army by this time that he must be aware many of his inferior officers are not fit for their places. Of his men he is sure. The rank and file are equal to their work. The want of proper officers is felt most in the Cavalry and in the Artillery, as well as in the Quartermaster's department. Talk of the system of purchase in our army ! If any one will turn to the New York papers he will see plenty of advertisements which show that purchase of com missions of such a sort as never should be tolerated is not unknown in the United States. One gentle man offers the sum of £2O for a lieutenant's com mission " in a regiment actually in the field." Another has a company to dispose of on moderate terms. A third is anxious to get a regiment all to himself. Political intrigues and low canvassings are also at work, for the colonelcy of a regiment is a political as well as a military position, and gives a man a status in the eyes of the people of his State which is useful when the war is over. But all this arises necessitate ref. Here is a prodigious force rapidly rising towards the number voted by Congress, out of the ground as it were, to be officered as best it may, under all the forms of election and voting and canvassing familiar in republics, and known out of the military world, in constitutional monarchies. The original regular army, which did not exceed 20,000 men, was deprived of many of its officers by the seceded States. The gentlemen in private life who had received a military education at 'West Point were divided according to their States, and furnished an inadequate contingent to the armies on both sides. The result was, that all the regular army officers received promotion enough to turn their heads ; lieutenants and captains became gene rals of brigade. No one would take anything less than a brigade, and regiments were regarded as poor commands by men who could scarcely, in the natural course of events, have hoped to command a company for years to come. Skeleton regiments were con structed in order that " colonels" might hang their shakos on the horses, and colonels were made because they said they had regiments which were only ab stract creations, The bar, the railroad board, the bench, the church, the counting-house, the surgery, furnished leaders; while the desk, the shopman's counter, and the indigence of the bourgeoisie, yielded more than their proportion of officers of inferior rank. These men are distinguishable at once by their air, their mode of address, their long hair, and the uncouth way in which they wear their uniforms. But, after all, the wonder really is that the army is so well officered as it is, and the number of men of fine faces and figures, with the appearance and manner of the soldier about them, which one sees in the streets and in the camps, shows what a large military ele ment there must have been among the American people, for the class of which I speak is beyond all proportion to the h a bit s o f t h e people, and yet it has dropped easily and naturally into the discharge of military duties. It will be long, however, before the whole mass is thoroughly leavened with the spirit of discipline and obedience. There is no certainty about the operations of troops under such circumstances, and they will be liable to such occur rences as took place the other night, when in a simple movement from contiguous camps two columns of Federalists began to blaze away into each other, and inflicted loss on both sides before the mistake was discovered. As to officers mid men killed or wounded by hasty shots from alarmed sentries, they are more numerous than they ought to be in a carefully-dzilled army, and the strange recklessness which seems to be a characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon race is exhibited in the way in which the men handle their arms, the result of which has been in a few months to send upwards of 350 men to hospital with wounds and mutilations, and many others to their graves. Gen. M'Clellan rides and reviews indefatigably. There is scarcely a day on which he does not cover some 20 or 30 miles of ground about the camps, and he is now attended occasionally by the Count of Paris and the Duke of Chartres. What a singular turn of fortune ! The sons of the Bourbon in the train of the son of the Philadelphia doctor ! How strangely it reads, "Son Altesse Royale le Comte de Paris, Etat Majear de General M'Clellan, &c." And face to face with them on the staff of Gen. Beauregard is a Polignac. The young Princes are favourites with the staff and officers of the army, which, accustomed to a strong foreign infusion, has nevertheless learnt the difference between princes of the blood of Bourbon and the foreigners of infe rior clay. There is a list in the New York papers of the aliens in the American service ; a list of the rank and file would be an astonishin g docu ment in that respect, but as the war continues the native American element will more largeily predo minate. I have returned from the West Etna have oiranl:attieiemetto make the se f ew remar k s, and to assure at present people in E ng l an d t h at no movement is but that, bfo eoearteenplated in front of Washi ng t on ; the month i s over , l an d and sea will resound once more with the tumult of ba' [AD, ttle. ,VERTISEMINT.]...........OIIO,ivars P 'Ms.—Saved from Destruction. —The most serious di t i ri w iti h n ich . can afflict mankind first manifest themselves s by wisdom to meet and subjugate the first [disordered7l.; Holloway's Pills will effect this without risk, p a '" e- -Ain .d . drawback. These well known and 'a/livers , '" -., or other Pills relieve the constitution from all ,1 * -Lly appreciated impediments to the natural action ..iffloulties, expel all vent undue " wear and tear" _of any organ, and pre parifying power over the la' . to the system. By their and each Individual fr ..00d the whole body is refreshed, mulated. The chiP -.action properly and healthily sti resort to these P . -4, the adult, the frail and infirm may 1 _ rniinator , . i ll s with confidence ; they are the surest eXte•` --- _d of all constitutio na l t a i n t s , and the readiest b9acttgl3 " v ih o jti i Aud ppiatop ~, Germany seems destined to exhibit the impo tence of philosophy. No better study could fall to the lot of one of her own professors than examina tion of the history of the last 20 years. If the in quirer were a sound-minded and impartial man, he would end by confessing that neither tentative and narrow-minded England, nor volatile end revolu tionary France, nor Turkey sunk in sloth, nor Spain blinded by fanaticism, has come so short of its own wishes and the just expectation of the world as these Germans, who have founded a science of politics on the basis of the necessarily true, and dissolved the principles of human things into their original nebulae. To those who remember the events of 1848 and the two succeeding years the speech of the King of Prussia at Konigsberg—an abstract of which we I publish to-day—will give a kind of shock. Not that any one will be surprised to hear that a legitimate German Sovereign, fall of notions of his own dignity as a King, a soldier, as the guardian of the 1 Rhine, the wary guest of Compiegne, the suppli- 1 cated of Austria, and the reverenced of a score of smaller Princes, should believe that there is an inherent divinity in his own person, and that he reigns by an authority prior and superior to that by which his subjects hold their lives and property and liberties. The weaknesses of human nature need not to be dwelt upon. Every one knows that no strength of mind, no amiability of disposition, no intercourse with the world, will prevent men from attaching in their secret hearts an excessive importance to any superior quality or position which they may fancy that they possess. The nobleman in the midst of his affability seldom forgets that he is noble, and a touch may make him retire into his Dukedom or his Marquisite. The clergyman, though meeting ministers of all " denominations" on an Exeter-hall platform, still derives a secret comfort from reflecting that apostolical and lordly hands have been laid on his head, and that his commission has not come to him through the Deacons of Zion Chapel. That a reigning Sovereign should feel the difference between his own porcelain and the vulgar delf of which Parliaments and Diets are constructed is but natural, but that at this day a King, and a King of Prussia, should venture to tell it openly to his subjects shows how much the German will bear, and how thoroughly his rulers are aware of his suppleness, On Thursday King William held a great recep tion of functionaries and other persons. Among them were the representatives of the two Chambers of the Prussian Diet. These the King addressed in the most formal manner and in the most explicit language. On no incidental occasion, with no chance and uns t u di e d p h rase, but as a solemn mani festo on the eve of his coronation, he laid down the doctrine of Divine right. After thanking them for their presence, he said, " The rulers of Prussia re ceive their crown from God. To-morrow, therefore, I shall take the crown from the Lord's table and place it on my head. This is th e mean i ng o f th e expression, ' _King by the grace of God,' and therein lies the sanctity of the Crown, which is inviolable. I know that you will thus understand the meaning of the act which I have summoned you to witness. And then comes a sentence truly remarkable— "Aou will advise me, and I will listen to your ad , vice." To feel the full force of this extraordinary decla ration one must remember that some years ago this very formula, " By the grace of God," was hotly discussed by the two parties in the Prussian Lower Chamber, the Liberals wishing to expunge it, on the ground that it was a confession of the doctrine of Divine right, while the other party endeavoured to explain it away, calling it a mere traditional phrase, showing a decent respect for holy things, and not committing the nation to any an tiquated theory. Well, it now appears that the Liberals were quite in the right, and that the interpretation which the official party scouted some years back, when Frederick William IV. was desirious of conciliating the multitude, is now affirmed with every mark of solemnity by the present King. It is unnecessary to inquire what is the real meaning of the words " Deigratia." That they have been borne by the English Sovereigns as part of their style from early times precludes us from blaming any Prince for the use of them. Yet in the sense which the King of Prussia gives them they are subversive of all true Government. ' This sense, we are convinced, never belonged to them till monarchical power obtained:its supremacy in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and gene rated a school of lawyers and theorists who made it the source of all human institutions. Indeed, a ' crown to which the wearer had an indefeasible right, and which he could not forfeit for any mis conduct, was a pos sess i on un k nown to the Western world in the middle ages, when men had enough of the original barbarian in them to require a personal superiority in their ruler, and when the Church would have been slow to sanction an infallibility equal to its own. The words "by the, grace of God" expressed an obligation, and not a right. They were an acknowledgment that Kings are re sponsible to a higher Sovereig ; n, and hold their t p h o e w r e i r gh fo t r s t o h f e good With° people not, on the con trary, that b o th G od and man are bound to respect gives to 11 1 , snbroeotltbhoe Fr anc e ,dliae But the `bseaning which the King of Prussia ce with which i' " he sne despatch concludes :—" The Crown," says words is - plain from the sentence ,-- ~ "has been surrounded by new institutions . by :, a 13'fincelY succession. benefit.irt ue of of yowhichur counsel.you Youdestined will adviseto me, i . a t n t d h l e shall listen to your advice." This, then, is the Constitution of Prussia. The Chambers of this enlightened kingdom, sitting at learned and philo sophical Berlin, affecting to lead Germany, to con in the eyes of their own King, not a Legislature, and having to " advise" theraCinaro eo.ooa a f nd to influence Europe generally, are, r:hgeh land; t to sa y but what ul e shallthey are mereand shall councils w in to autherity with himself, " afford it the benefit of tinir mulool l " It totwreu, %twig King Waligth DISCOVERIES IN THE TEMPLE. (From the Critic.) The demolition of Dr. Johnson's house and the adjacent houses on the west side of narrow Inner Temple-lane, and. the erection in their place of a ' row of well-arranged suites of chambers in external appearance bald and repulsive-looking, has lately been followed by similar demolitions (sweeping away Goldsmith's house, No. 5) and new buildings on the eastern side, on the pa r t of Middle Temple, whose property they are. The houses now removed completely concealed the north-west of the Temple Church, and some in fact actually abutted on it, one being built over the porch, and the wayfarers had to go through an archway under it to pass from the lane into the Inner Temple. The demolition has revealed a portion of the church which has not seen the light of day for two or three centuries, and which had escaped the destructive hand of the restorer, viz., the western wheel-window of plate tracery over the porch, three of the long, narrow, round-headed windows of the Round, with the capitals remain ing, but attached shafts gone ; the original corbel stones (at a lower level than in the restored portion of the church), and the original masonry of the whole of the north-west wall of the Round in a per fectly fresh state, though rough and seamy from the usage received by the builders of the now demo lished adjacent houses. Striking and suggestive is the contrast presented by this solitary genuine fragment of the church with the spurious work of the restorers of 1827, who refaced the whole exte rior then accessible to them with large blocks of Portland stone, and made the whole look as little like an early English, or ancient church, as might be. This stone, by the way, is already, in parts, de cayed, while the Godstone firestone of the 12th cen tury still remains—mutilated but not decayed. Be sides revealing an authentic buried portion of the original church in all the eloquence of its pictu resque effect and honest construction, the demolition has thrown open to view, in all its naked deformity, what was built not to be seen of man—the paltry and abortive quasi-transept and excrescence, dating from the grand restoration of 1841, when it was built to receive the organ, &c. A side view of the master's house (a 17th-century building), to the east of the church, is also opened up. Much of the exte rior of the porch is of brick, of the same date as the demolished houses ; as also is the brick parapet at the lower part of the roof of the Round. The houses in Inner Temple-lane, next the church, and those forming the south side of what was Church-court, are not to be replaced. Those on the north side of Church-court (facing the church), and at the corner of Inner Temple lane, are being replaced by a row of brick houses with stone dressings, in a kind of sublimated gin-palace style—that showy, bullying vulgarly-pretentious style, essentially marked by a brutal emptiness of all art and all feeling, which may rank as one of the styles of the day, the one that addresses itself to practical men. The open space be tween the houses and church is being lowered by the removal of accumulated earth, and will remain an open flagged terrace, borne on arches, as a safeguard against damp. The exposed roof of the porch has been protected by a temporary pent-house roof. We believe the benchers of the two inns have still to decide what to do with the newly-discovered exte rior portion of the Round. Would that it could re main as it is ! Every restoring touch will rob us of something of the real work of the 12th century masons. But above all things, let the benchers be ware of imitating the example set by their prede cessors and Sir R. Smirke in 1825.27, and substitut ing a case of smooth stone for the mixed surface of rough wall-work and finished ashlar-work, which forms so great a charm in this fragment of the ori ginal structure. IHE KING OF PRUSSIA. (From the Times.) he " will listen to their advice." But does he always listen ? Does he not sometimes turn a deaf ear to their advice ? If this be a Constitution, then where was there ever a despotism ? . The Khan of Bokhara or the King of Dahomey might be a Constitutional Sovereign after this fashion. These potentates doubtless surround their throne with institutions such as the King of Prussia would make his Chambers. They have certain men to advise them, and they sometimes listen to their advice. The only difference is that they have not a blasphemous and hypocritical theory to sanction their tyranny. Their absolute power is the simple form of government which prevails among barba rians. That which is to be exercised over a nation of thinkers and talkers must be mystified and called by fine names, but it has the spirit of Bokhara and Dahomey nevertheless. If anything can add to the absurdity of the King's assumptions, it will be the historical remi niscence he calls up when he says that " the rulers of Prussia receive their crown from God." For how many generations has this Divine commission endured? Did all that the now Royal House pos sess come to them like the bread of heaven ? We have heard of a third-rate German family ruling over sand and marsh in a remote part of Europe, and by the skill, the courage, and, still more, the unscruplousness of its rulers, Eghting its way up to Royal rank and the position of a first-rate dynasty a century and a half ago. We have learned to look upon the family of which the great Frede rick is the type as distinguished by those qualities which raise men in the world, and give them wealth, position, and control over their fellow creatures, but we certainly have not hitherto con nected the bold, cunning Hohenzollerns, and their successful schemes in any way with Divine favour or the reward of virtue. When we look back to the history of the 18th century we should rather be inclined to think that the "rulers of Prussia" have received their crown from some other quarter than that indicated by its present wearer. How ever, if his subjects are satisfied with him, it is no business of ours. They have had a Royal gloss on the words "Dei gratia," and a formal declaration of the duties to which the King thinks their Chambers ought to confine themselves. They and their Sovereign now at least understand each other. (Rom the Morning Herald.) King William I. is the son of Frederic William 111. ; he was born in 1797, and is old enough to have learned wisdom. Did his Ministers suggest to him the speech which he thought fit to address to the deputies, or was it done on his own responsibi lity ? The well-wishers of Prussia, and there are many in this country, those who had believed in a great and free nation under a popular King, an England in the north of Europe, will deeply regret the error into which he has fallen, an error which, we trust, may not be perpetuated in the future policy of his reign. " I desired," said the King to the deputies, " to summon the representatives of the Chambers to my presence even before the coronation, and I thank you for having complied with my wish. The rulers of Prussia receive their crown from God. To-morrow, therefore, I shall take the crown from the Lord's table, and place it on my head. This is the signification of the expression, ' King, by the grace of God,' and therein lies the sanctity of the Crown, which is inviolable. I know that you will thus understand the meaning of the act which have summoned you to witness. The Crown has been surrounded by new institutions, by virtue of which you are destined to afford it the benefit of your counsel. You will advise me, and I shall listen to your advice." These are haughty and ill-sounding words. All hereditary sovereigns and others, for all we can say, rule "by the grace of God." What special and peculiar right to make the claim can be urged by the occupant of a throne founded as recently as the beginning of the last century—the descendant of a Prince who arrogantly took the crown and put it on his o wn head, while in fact he took it only with the permission of the Emperor of Germany, we are quite at a loss to conceive, If the crowning oneself is any proof of Divine right, Napoleon 1., could have put for ward the claim. What authority, indeed, have we for the &Cement that "the rulers of Prussia receive their crown from God ?" Such language, to say the least of it, appears to us extremely irreverent. The age of miracles .is past. The Almighty now a days works by human instruments. What Samuel annointed the beer-and-tobacco-loving Frederic ? What Heaven-appointed coadjutors held up the arms of his unfortunate descendant at Jena ? What Joshua put back the sun in the wars with Maria Theresa, and stayed the cycle of the heavens till the Prussians were avenged upon their enemies ? Who saved the Prussians after the repulse at Ligny, if it was not a Deus ex Machina in the shape of Wellington ? Even to argue on such a subject seems almost blasphemous. In this remarkable address we seem almost to discover the very pen which indited the programme of the Holy Alliance. We recognise, too, which is more to the point, the singular shibboleth of the Prussian party of the Cross, which stands in the way of the progress of this young country in liberal institutions, and the theory of self-government, which is the best foun dation of statecraft. We willingly admit that the sanctity of the crown of Prussia should be respected as inviolable. No one has threatened it ; the Prussians are probably the most loyal people in Europe. And is this loyal people to be told that all that is meant by their new representative Government in which they are glorying is that they may favour the King with the benefit of their counsel—that they may advise him, And that he will graciously condescend to listen to their advice P We think he will do well to be guided by it in most things. (From the Daily Aeles.) The King of Prussia has been explaining his theory of the Prussian monarchy to a number of his subjects. " The rulers of Prussia," said his Ma jesty, addressing the members of the legislature, " receive their crown from God." We have no means of denying the fact, which seems to follow on any theory of the Divine government of the world, and to be true alike of the policeman's staff and the monarch's sceptre. But if the King meant more than that, then, however true it may be, he should have been careful, above all things, to keep his secret. For, explain it how we will, it is precisely crowns of this kind, held by a mystical title, that now-a-days oftenest tumble off. Henry of France, Francis of Naples, and his namesake of Modena, could tell each his experience on this head. Unless - _ the King was thinking of the epoch of the Treaty of Vienna, the Holy Alliance, and Madame Krude ner, he would have clone better to say nothing about the origin of his crown. If he had given thanks to the God of Spoil, there might, indeed, be some grim propriety in the swaggering vaunt ; at least, the inhabitants of Silesia, Posen, and Eastern Saxony . may be forgiven if th e y thus in terpret the claim to govern by the title of the sword. But the descendant of the great Frede rick would probably like to forget the means by which his house has come to kingship. The royalty of yesterday apes the rank and prestige of the old sovereignties of Europe; and in a realm, the seams of :whose patchwork are still new and ob vious, he raves of indefeasible title and maunders about right divine ! Perhaps the most repulsive feature of the proceeding is the attempt to import into it the solemnity of religious sanction. Such pitiful mummery would be deplorable at a corona tion in Austria or Spain; but how would Luther laugh to scorn such hypocritical words, could he but hear them ! The thing becomes still more in effably ridiculous and repulsive when we recollect that Prussia is not even nominally Lutheran, and that the bulk of her people —variously composed of Jews, Calvinists, Catholics, and a hundred shades of speculative beliefs—no more believe in the mystery-mongering of King William at Konigsberg than the members of the Embassy at Jeddo believe in the authority of Bhudda: What means, then, this wretched attempt to steal a few poor drops of holy oil for the anointing of the regal brow ? Or what infatuation has possessed a man who, if he were but simply true to himself and to his country, might play a great and useful part in the affairs of Europe ? Was it for this that sympathy and alliance with Constitutional England has so long been insisted on, or that intimacy with the " enlightened despotism" of France has been urged, as some thought, not in vain ? Represen tative Government in Prussia has certainly been of the slowest growth; but the apologists for its slowness have always argued that it was an esti mable movement to detach Northern Germany from the principles of the Holy Alliance, and to ob literate all traces of legitimacy in the Court and Administration of Berlin. While the late King , reigned, prejudiced men despaired of this, because they had to deal with one whose mind was so be wildered with mysticism, religious and political, that he never could be made thoroughly to under stand what his best friends meant, and they never were able to understand him. But his successor has no such excuse. Bred a soldier, unversed in the Jesuitic ways of bureaucratic life, got the credit with many of being a man of common sense, who, if he did not go fast and did not go far, would at least avoid the absurdities and solecisms of his puzzled pated brother. His leanings were believed to be reactionary in some respects, though it was hoped he would prove himself liberal in others. On the whole, however, men looked with satisfaction on his accession to the throne,:because they felt satisfied that he had no theories to mislead or phantasies to beguile him. The extraordinary escapade of Thurs day last dissipates these hopes, and drives the most wain to WWII) that th e slynivoty rmaigt, like the regime ancien, is untaught and unteach able. If the foolish harangue of the self-crowned King to the representatives of his people be the result of Ministerial counsel, it can only be viewed as a sig nal-gun fired ostentatiously to announce to Europe that the Court of Prussia has made up its mind to eschew all identification with Constitu tional Europe, and to resume anew its compact with St. Petersburg and Vienna. The fact that Victor Emmanuel's Viceroy was not re ceived at Konigsberg as the representative of Italy, but only as the plenipotentiary of the ci-devant dynasty of Savoy, is nowclearly explained. The visit to Compiegne evidently goes for nothing. Forgetful that his throne, compared with that of Kaiser and of Czar, is but a piece of military upholstery not yet seventy •years old, his Prussian Majesty prefers to imitate Muscovite and Austrian pretensions, in the hope of being mistaken in their dark shadow for a really legitimate King. It is the fashion just now in certain quarters to rail at the institutions, the statesmen, and the public acts of another country, whose political era is about con temporaneous with that of Prussia. The bubble of Democratic Government is about to burst, we are told, in Anwica, because certain provinces have revolted from the Union, and because a few months have elapsed without their being reduced to allegiance by force of arms. But it must at least be owned that no act or utterance of the elective head of the American State is comparable in fatuity or folly to that of King William of Prussia. Presi dent Lincoln may not have succeeded in winning back the disaffected to their duty as citizens by his remonstrances and reasonings, but no disinterested critic will say that in his inaugural address he was betrayed into assumptions of lawless authority, or expressions which implied a denial of all other authority in the State. Democracy may not be the best form of Government; but its severest censors must confess that it is less repugnant to all sense of moral, social, and political right, than that of PrusSian absolutism. 7HE OUTRAGE UPON THE YOUNG LADY Al DUBLIN. - DUBLIN, FRIDAY EVENING. John Curran, the cab-driver charged with at tempting a criminal assault on Miss Louisa Jolly, at Milltown, on the night of the 27th September, was brought up on remand before Mr. M‘Dermott, at the head police-court to-day. Mr. Barry, Q.C., instructed by Mr. Anderson, prosecuted, and Mr. • Sidney, instructed by Mr. Fitzgerald, appeared for the prisoner. In stating the case for the Crown, Mr. Barry, after minutely describing the violent character of the outrage committed upon the young lady, re ferred in strong terms to the general feeling of in dignation to which this cowardly and atrocious act had given rise, and said in these feelings the law officers of the Crown and those charged with the administration of justice sincerely participated, anxious as they were to bring the perpetrator to justice. But he thought it needless to observe that he (Mr. Barry) merely appeared there to see that justice should be done, and assist the court in ar riving at a just conclusion, and to elicit the truth, whatever the result might be, whether to deter mine the guilt or prove the innocence of the pri soner. In referring to the account which the accused had given of his whereabouts on the 27th Septem ber, when questioned by the police authorities, and also to his statement as to the hour he returned home on the night in question, Mr. Barry remarked there was a very material contradiction between it and that of his employer. According to the pri soner's account, he was in bed at ten o'clock, but the employer had deposed he did not come home till between eleven and twelve at night. Miss Louisa Jolly, having been called, deposed to the fact of entering the cab in Sackville-street and proceeding in the direction of home without any thing remarkable occurring until the driver stopped at a lonely place in the suburbs, " Cassons Bridge," where he alighted, and, after attempting to kiss her in the cab, dragged her out, threw her on the ground, pressed his hand on her neck and ende avoured to strangle her. Witness, after a severe struggle, escaped by leaping . into a pool of water, but was still pursued and again knocked down ; she however, effected her escape to the railway station adjoining, and her assailant thus baffled fled away. Mi ss klly being asked if she saw the person in court fully - identified the prisoner as the man who committed tic assault. Although cross-examined at great length, witness adhered to her direct testi mony, and exhibited a remarkable degree of calm ness throughout. The Station-master detailed the circumstances under which Miss Jolly .came to his place, and also her appearance that night. Mr. Sidney intimated he would reserve his de fence, and the prisoner was then fully committed for trial at the next commission. Large crowds collected in the vicinity of the police-court, and every mark of sympathy was shown towards the lady who had been subjected to such inhuman treatment. Miss Jolly is apparently about 20 years of age, of rather slender figure, and of middle height. SPORTING IN TELLIGEIV CB. NEWMARKET SECOND OCTOBER MEETING. FitmAY. Sweepstakes of 10 soya each, for 2-yr-olds; colts Bst 71b, fillies Sat 41b, the winner to be sold for 150 sovs. Last half of Ab. M. 4 subs. Lord Westmoreland's Pupil, Bst 41b (J. Goater) 1 Mr. Payne's Bandage, Bst 71b Betting-2 to lon Pupil. Bandage cut out the work at his best pace, waited upon by Pupil to within a few strides of thb chair, where she got up and won cleverly by a head. Handicap Sweepstakes of 20 sovs each, and only 5 ft (to go to the second), for 3-yr-olds and upwards. T.Y.C. 11 subs., 4 of whom declared. Mr. Saxon's Penalty, 5 yrs, 7st 01b (Midgeley) 1 Mr. Hawkesley's Zodiac, 3 yrs, 7A 51b.. (H. Grimshaw) 2 Lord Chesterfield's Black Lily, 3 yrs, 6st 71b.. (J. Daley) 3 Lord Stamford's Imaus, 3 yrs, 7st 71b .... (A. Edwards) 4 Mr. Hudson's Miss Emma, 5 yrs, Gst 121 b ......(Roper) 5 Lord Glasgow's Physalis colt, 3 yrs, sst 101 b (Birch) 6 • Betting-7 to 4 agst Zodiac, 4to 1 each agst Penalty and Black Lily. _ _ Penalty, on the lower ground, jumped away with a de cided lead, followed by Miss Emma (lying wide on the upper ground), Black Lily, Zodiac, and Imaus, the trio going on in the centre of the course ; the Physalis colt last. In this way they ran to the dip, where Zodiac took second place, but was unable to reach Mr. Saxon's mare, who won, after a fine race, by a head, Zodiac defeating Black Lily by a head for second. Imaus was a good fourth. Sweepstakes of 10 says each, for 2-yr-olds ; colts Bst 71b, fillies Sst 51b. The winner to be sold for 60 sovs, if for 40, allowed 31b. First half of Ab. M. 11 subs. Mr. Mellon's Bubbles, Bst 21b (£4O) (Reeves) 1 Mr. Kennard's Bravo, Bst 41b (£10) (Custance) 2 Lord Westmoreland's Pupil, bst 51b (J. Goater) 3 Mr. Prince's Kate filly, Bst 21b (£4O) (Roper) 4 The following also ran :—Estrelda, Entomologist, Arab, Absinthe, Miss Mary, and Woodford, Betting-7 to 4 agst Pupil, sto 1 agst Absinthe, and oto 1 each agst Bubbles and Arab. At the first attempt the lot left the post in compact order, and when fairly on their legs Bubbles came on with a lead of a couple of lengths, waited upon by Bravo on the whip hand, and Pupil on the lower side, the others, headed by Arab, Absinthe, and Entomologist, lying close at their heels. On entering the cords Bubbles, with Bravo and Pupil, drew away, and finished the race home, Bubbles win ning a fine race by half a length ; three parts of a length between the second and third, and half a length between the third and fourth. The winner was claimed by Mr. Prince for Mr. Mellon, and Mr. T. Jennings claimed Pupil. The Prendergast Stakes of 50 sous each, h ft, for 2-yr-olds ; colts, Est 71b; fillies, Bst 51b; winners extra. T.Y.C. 37 subs. Mr. S. Hawke's The Marquis, Bst 131 b (inclu. 61b extra) (G. Fordham) 1 Mr. T. Valentine's Carisbrook, Bst 71b (W. Boyce) 2 Lord Anglesey's Brasenose, Bst 71b (J, Goater) 3 Baron Rothschild's Brother to King of Diamonds, Bst 71b Lord Chesterfield's Canwell, Bst7lb (S. Rogers) 5 Betting-5 to 2on The Marquis, and 6to 1 each agst Brasenose and Canwell. Immediately the flag was lowered Carisbrook, in the centre of the course, made play with the favourite at his quarters on the whip hand, Brasenose going on third, Can well fourth, and Brother to King of Diamonds next. In this way they ran at a strong pace into the cords, where Fordham brought up The Marquis, and in a few strides after he was in possession of a slight lead, which he in creased as he came' along, and won with hands down by four lengths, three length separating the second and third ; Brother to King of Diamonds, who passed Canwell in the new ground, finished a bad fourth, and Canwell last, a long way in the rear. Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 sovs each, 10 ft, for 2 and 3- yr-olds. T.Y.C. 18 subs. Lord Stamford's Blackcock, 2 yrs, 7st lib (Roper) 1 Mr. Hawkesley's Nutbush, 3 yrs, lOst ..(G. Fordham) 2 Sir J. Hawley's Vaga, 3 yrs, 7st (Buck) 3 Lord Chesterfield's Jacintha, 3 yrs, 7st llb (W. Bottom) 4 The following also ran :—Lady Clare, Confidence, Rho bus, Miss Livingstone, Tutor, Certificate, Warrener, Bravo, and Treachery filly. Betting-5 to 2 .3gst Treachery, sto 1 each agst Bravo and Nutbush, 100 to 1 each agst Jacintha, Rhcebus, and Miss Livingstone, and 100 to 7 agst Blackceck. Upwards of 20 minutes was cut to waste through the con tinued breaking away of Lady Clare, Bravo, and Warrener, the last named being exceeding fractious, and running several times to the Ditch stables before she could be in duced to face the flag. At length Mr. M'George was enabled to get them into something like order, and then sent them away. Certificate was the first off and made play, but be fore they had proceeded many strides she dropped back and Confidence came on with the running, followed by Jacintha Dificlicuck 1W14443 Ws tkg Fowl) kips inclose attendance ; Tutor, Vaga, and Bravo being the next three, who headed the rear division some two or three lengths. On entering the cords Nutbush went up to Confi dence, and ran with him for a short distance, when he was beaten, leaving the filly, with all her weight, in possession of a slight lead, followed by Jacintha and Blackcock, the three running in close company to within a few strides of the chair, where, the weight telling, Nutbush was headed by Black•• cock, who won, after a severe struggle, by a head only, three lengths separating the second and third. Confidence was fourth, Itheebus fifth, The Tutor sixth, and Vaga seventh ; the others beaten off. Fifty Pounds, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. Weights for age, with selling allowances. A.F. Mr. J. Bryant's Lancelin, 3 yrs, 7st 21b (i 190) (H. Grimshaw) 1 Mr. H. Saville's Reveille, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (X3oo)(Challoner) 2 Lord Stamford's Dulcibella, 4 yrs, Bst 121 b (A. Edwards) 3 Sir J. Hawley's Gallus, 5 yrs, 9st 31b Mr. Gilby's Flash-in-the-Pan, 5 yrs, Bst 121 b (I 300) (G. Fordham) 5 Lord Strathmore's Juno, 3 yrs, 7st llb (£1OO) .. (Covey) 6 Betting-5 to 2 agst Reveille, 3to 1 agst Dulcibella, and 5 to 1 each agst Lancelin and Flash-in-the-Pan. Gallus jumped away with a strong lead, Dulcibella and Flash-in-the-Pan going on second and third,Lancelin and Reveille lying off. After running a quarter of a mile Dul cibella, with Flash-in-the-Pan and Reveille, came on with the running into the dip, where Lancelin, who had been lying off, came off, and won in a canter by four lengths, Reveille defeating Dulcibella by a head for second; Gallus a bad fourth. Mr. Saville claimed tho winner. Selling Handicap of 10 soya each, 5 ft, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. The winner to be sold for 100 soya, &c. R.M. 7 subs. Lord Stamford's Pardalote, 3 yrs, 7st (Roper) 1 Mr. Osborne's Weasel, 5 yrs, 7st 51b (Challoner) 2 Mr. Mellish's Gaylad, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b (W. Bottom) 3 Mr. R. H. Neville's Sneer filly, 4 }rs, 7st 7th (Webber) 4 Mr. C. Rayner's Nunnery, 3 yrs, 7st 41b (H. Grimshaw) 5 Betting-2 to 1 agst Weasel, 3to l'agst Pardalote, 4to 1 agst Nunnery, and 5 to 1 agst the Sneer filly. Pardalote was the first to begin, and came on with a clear lead, followed by Weasel and the Sneer filly, Gaylad and Nunnery lying off. On reaching the cords Gaylad ran up, to Mr. Neville's filly and took third place, the three finish ing the race home together, Pardalote winning in a canter by six lengths. Gaylad was a bad third, the Sneer filly was fourth, and Nunnery last, beaten off a long way. The winner was claimed by Mr. Osborne. Tho Post Epsom Handicap of 50 sous each, h ft, for 3-yr- olds. A.F. 6 subs. Lord Stamford's Lava, 6st I.olb (Roper) w.o. _ _ . _ _ Match, Sst 71b each. T.Y.C. 300, 100 ft. Lord Uxbridge's Laughingstock received forfeit from Mr. Henry's Hidalgo. LATEST BETTING. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. sto 1 agst llenhain Lass (offered) 11 to 1 agst The Roe (taken) 100 to S agst Asteroid (taken) 20 to 1 agst Confectioner (taken) 20 to 1 agst Donner and Blitz (offered) 1000 to 30 agst Palestro (offered) 1000 to 30 agst Gridiron (offered) DERBY. 10 to 1 agst The Marquis (taken) 1000 to 10 agst Michel Grow (taken) 1000 to 20 agst The Hopbine colt (taken) BETTING AT MANCHESTER.-.YESTERDAY. Business on the Cambridgeshire was very quiet, and 4 to 1 was offered on the field. 100 to 6 would have been taken about either Camerino or Confectioner; 100 to 7 was laid once against Asteroid, but later on 100 to 8 was the highest offer against him. For the Derby, The Marquis was backed to win about £l,OOO after the news of his victory at New market, at 100 to 7; and 3,000 to 60 was taken against the Lady Evelyn colt. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 100 to 8 agst The Roe (offered) 100 to 8 agst Asteroid (offered) 100 to 6 agst Camerino (wanted) 100 to 6 agst Confectioner (wanted) 100 to 3 agst Gridiron (taken) 30 to 1 agst Doefoot (wanted) 40 to 1 agst Rameses (taken) 40 to 1 agst Queen of the Vale (taken) THE DERBY, 1862. 100 to 7 agst The Marquis (taken) 100 to 1 agst Lady Evelyn colt (taken) FROM THE GAZETTE OF LAST EIGHT. WHITEHALL, OCT. 16. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the Dignities of Baroness, Viscountess, and Countess of the United King dom of reat Britain and Ireland unto Anne, Duchess of Sutherland, wife of George Granville William, Duke of Sutherland, by the names, styl es , an d titl es o f Baroness Macleod, of Castle Leod, in the county of Cromartie, Baroness Castlehaven, of Castlehaven, in the same county, Viscountess Tarbat, of Tarbat, in the same county, and Countess of Cromartie; and further granting, after her decease, the titles of Baron Macleod, Baron Castlehaven, Viscount Tarbat, and Earl of Cromartie, unto Francis Sutherland Leveson Gower (commonly called Lord Francis Sutherland Leveson Gower), the second surviving son of the said Anne, Duchess of Sutherland, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, with remainders over. WAR-OFFICE, OCT. 16. The Queen has been graciously pleased to give orders for the appointment of the under-mentioned officer of the army of his Imperial Majesty the Emperor the French who was attached as French Commissioner to the Headquarters of the British Forces in China, to be an Honorary Member of the Military Division of the Third Class, or Companions of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, viz:— M. Charles Burrard Raoul, Chef d'Escadron. au 6mo. Regiment de Hussards. FOREIGN-OFFICE, OCT. 18. The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. Walter Berry as Consul-General in Scotland for his Majesty the King of Denmark. - - - - The Queen has also been pleased to approve of Mr. George Kohler as Consul at Sydney for the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburgh. _ _ _ The Queen has also been pleased to approve of Mr. Adolph. Soltaitz as Consul at Sydney for the Free Han seatic City of Lubeck. The Queen has also been pleased to approve of Mr. Ole Munch Reeder as Consul at Malta for his Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway. The Queen has also been pleased to approve of Mr. Olof Fred. Gollcher as Consul at Malta for his Majesty the King of the Netherlands. LORD CHAMBERLAIN'S OFFICE, OCT. 16. Notice is hereby given that the State apartments of Windsor Castle will be closed after Friday, the 18th inst., until further orders. ST. JAMES'S PALACE. The Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, will be reopened on Sunday next, October 20. Hours of Divine Service the same as these of last yerr. FRANCIS GARDEN, Sub-Dean. WAR-OFFICE, PALL-MALL, Our. 18. COMMISSARIAT DEPARTMENT.—Assistant Commissary- General Edward Strickland, serving with the local rank of Deputy Commissary-General in the West Indies, to be confirmed in the rank of Deputy Commissary-General, vice Graham, placed on retired pay; Deputy-A ss i s t ant Commissary-General James Long to be Assistant Com missary-General, vice Strickland. BANKRUPTS. Robert Cow tan, grocer, Caledonian-road, Middlesex. Joseph Christopher Leaver, shipowner, Shepherd's-bush, Middlesex. William Armstrong, dealer in colonial produce, East cheap, City. Alfred Hannibal, boot maker, Great Portland-street. James Evennett, corn dealer, High-street, Poplar. Elizabeth Ili . Worman, Old Charlton, Kent. Thomas Griffiths, grocer, Park-street, Southwark. 1 7enry Caton Stearer, cheesemonger, Lambeth-walk. Jos; ph Lovegrove, surgeon, Vicarage-place, Kensington. Andrew Black, dry fishmonger, Bethnal-green. George Samuel Jealous, printer, Gray's-inn-road. Nicholas Wm. Gibson, shipbroker, Austin-friars, city. James Nelt..%orpe, flour factor, Clarence-terrace, iVanels worth-road. George Jury anl.3 Frederick Jury, tailors, Maidstone. George Michael Glass, sen,, chemist, Brandon-street, Walworth. John Finlay, grocer, Henry.-street, Portland-town. James George Ingram, woollen draper, Tottenham-court road. William Diezman, baker, Three Colt•lane, Cambridge road. Thomas Reynolds, hosier, Henry .street, Pentonville. John 0 wen Clarke, printe'r, Doriet-streei, Fleet -street. John Darby Saysell, draper, Blundell-street, Caledonian road. Charles Green, gas-fitter, Brighton. Francis Robert Steadman, boot warehouseman, King street, Finsbury-square. James Bushby, corn dealer, Aldershot. Edward Kingett M'Namard, hotel keeper, north Wool wich. William Cooper, licensed victualler, formerly of Brent. wood, Essex. William ,Dobson, builder, Old (Gravel-lane, St. George East. Joseph Goachild, ham and beef dealer, Shoreditch. William Welling, oilman, Clipstone• street, Fitzroy square. William Edward Dod, architect, Raynor,street, Clerken well. William Gormley, nail manufacturer, Manchester. John Allan, iron merchant, Durham. Henry Alabaster, baker, Stratford New Town, Essex, John Lockwood, innkeeper, Stowmarket, Suffolk. Edward West, draper, Hitchin, Hertfordshire. Frederick William Astles, schoolmaster, Smethwick. Henry Weston, milliner, Eastwood, Notts. Jonathan Ketley, coke merchant, Birmingham. Henry Spilsbury, licensed victualler, Birmingham. Sidney Burhouse, manufacturer, Mel t h am, Yorkshire. Thomas Taylor, farmer, Hanlith, Yorkshire. Francis Henry Deakins, licensed victualler, Ledbury. Richard Wright, polisher, Birmingham. William Taylor Smith and Wade Hampton Smith, mine drainers, Sedgley, Staffordshire. James Hornby, watch manufacturer, Liverpool. Edward Bevan Rigby and Enoch Erasmus Holden, commission agents, Widnes, Lancashire. James Preston, tobacconist, late of Kingsland-gate Bazaar, Kingsland-road. Isaac Noah Davis, distiller, Brentford, Middl.ssex. John Silverthorne, corn dealer, Gillingham, Doraetahire. SCOTCH BANKRUPTS. Robert Montgomerie, farmer, Garrionhaugh, L anar k_ shire. Charles Wallace Clugston, boot and shoemaker, Glasgow. Isabella Crawford Patric k, milliner, Glasgow. James Torbet, corn factor, Glasgow. George Hedderwick, calico printer, Glasgow. John Gardner, grocer, Rutherglen. AVERAGE PRICE OF SUGAR. ----- Computed from the Returns made in the week ending Oct. 15, 186 1 , exclusive of the duties of Customs paid or payable thereon on the importation thereof into Great Britain : per ow*. Muscovado, the produce of British America 23s sid Muscovado, the produce of the Ivlauritius —s —d Muscovado, the produce of th e E ast Indies.. 180 , 4d Amos prig) vt tiao tvregvitig, I 1 I 0 g • a l_ ~~ \ COUNTRY MARKETS. LIVERPOOL—OcT. 18. There was a fair attendance of millers and dealers this morning's market, and we had a pretty fair businer doing in wheat, of all descriptions, at, in some cases, ld 2d per cental higher than the currencies of last Tuesday, but the market closed dull. Flour must be quoted at hill prices. Oats were in limited request, and rather lower in value, Oatmeal in good demand, and about the sam in price. Beans and peas fay 2s above last week's rates. Indian corn not saleable. WAKEFIELD—OcT. 18 There have been fair arrivals of grain this week. The demand to-day for new and fine old wheat was firm, and last Friday's rates improved is to 2s per qr. Fine barley in fair inquiry, at rather over previous rates. Egyptian beans Is higher. Oats and shelling as before. Averages for the week : Wheat 3,134 qrs., at 3ss 71d Oats ' - 235 8ar1ey......... 1,223 Peas •—• 52 Beans Rye — —a —d EXETER—OcT. 18. A fair business to-day, and prices may be quoted a shade higher, as follows : Wheat, white..7s 6d to7s 9d 1 Barley.. 4s 3d to 4s Sd Ditto new .7s 6cl to Os Od I Oats .. .. 3s Oa to 3s 6d Flour, fine, 4Ss to —s; seconds, 42s to 44s per sack. CATTLE. Fat beef,p score," lOs to llsOd Ewes, per lb .... 6d to 60 Pork carcases,do lOs Od to lls Wethers, do. . 614 to:7d Lambs, per lb —d to —d _Fat calves, d0...6P to 7d. Rough fat, 31d per lb. BRISTOL SUGAR—OcT. 18. Our market keeps steady, but there is very little business doing in raw sugars, owing to the very high prices asked by importers. In ruin but few sales. COAL MARK Mims of Coal per Ton at a. d. :ET—OCT. 18. the close of the market Walla:End. Lambert's West Hart- ley 16 6 Byass's Bebside West Hartley l6 9 Carway and Duffryn Malting 24 0 .... Do. Anthracite 21 6 Craighead Steam 14 4 Buddle's West Hartley 16 6 Carr's Hartley 17 6 Davison's West Hart- ley ....17 0 Hartlepool West Hart ley Holywell ..15 6 North Pelton l3 6 Tanfield Moor 13 6 Tanfield Moor Butes l3 6 Wylam. . West Hartley 17 0 Seaton Hartley 16 3 Eden Main . 17 6 Walls End. Hedley 17 0 South Hartlepool 18 0 Russel's Hetton 19 3 Whitworth.. 15 6 Ships at market, 120; sold, 110. FOREIGN MAIL PACKET LIST. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. —. Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Nov. 1. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. —. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Oct. 19. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton—Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. —; India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 20. Lisbon Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct.:—. Newfoundland .. Oct. 30. Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet Oct. 24: by U.S. packet by Canadian packet. Oct. 16. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Oct. 10. Bahamas, via Now York Oct. 24. Mexico • . • .Oct. 29.; RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. TRAFFIC RETURNS FOR THE WEEK. d. s. Riddell.. l7 0 Hetton .. l9 3 Thorpe .. .17 0 Durham....... l6 0 Braddyll's Hetton 13 6 South Hetton 19 3 Haswell Byron .lB 0 Harton Be11. Peases West .14 6 Northumberland ..16 6 Pittington ......16 6 Tees .19 0 Framwellgate 17 9 I l SouthKelloe lB 6 Cassop lB 3 South Whitworth 15 6 K elloe ..18 6 Trimdon Hartlepool ..18 9 Tunstall Stewart's . l9 3 Keiper Grange.... lB 3 Thornley ....17 0 Heugh Hall 17 9 Hartlepool• • ..• 19 0 Miles Opened. Receipts. Railways. e ...___..........______ , ~.__.......-___„,„ 1861. 1860. 1861. 1860. X X Ballymena and Port Rush - - - - Belfast and N. Counties 136 136 2,072 2,098 Belfast and County Down 49 391 653 599 Birkd., Lane., & Ches. June -.- - - Blyth and Tyne 2O 20 2,505 1,115 Bristol and Exeter lO6/ 125 6,617 6,693 . Caledonian Cockermouth & Working:con si 81 - _ Cork and Bandon . . 2O 20 317 443 Cork, Blackrock, &i : assage. 61 26 64 196 234 Cork and Yougha!, 23 267 258 Cornwall 531 531 1,321 1,259 Deeside . .. l7 17 - - Dublin & Y. .elfast Junction.. 63 63 1,569 1,469 Dublin and Drogheda 63 63 1,982 1,577 Dub. ok Wicklow (in.Kingst ) 481 401 2,539 1,864 D'ltndalk and Enniskillen bundee and Arbroath 174 174 752 699 Dundee, Perth, & Aber. Jun Bl 31 1,147 1,049 East Anglian 6 74 67 1 1,162 1,035 E.Counties,Nrfk.,&E.Union 499 499 29,316 28.011 Edinburgh and Glasgow Edinburgh, Perth,& Dundee 78 7 8 3,677 3,375 Forth & Clyde Junction Furness Glasgow & South-Western 1831 183/ 8,544 8,406 Great Northern 330 330 32,025 27,973 Great North of Scotland r itSouthn. & Westn.(lrlud.) 329 229 8,665 8,244 Great Western 761/ 757/ 51,782 49,579 Inverness & Aberdeen Jtmc 55 55 896 870 Irish South-Eastern 25 25 185 409 Lancashire & Yorkshire 3951 3951 34,817 37,49:3 Leominster and Kington Limerick and Ennis. Limerick and Foyncs 26 264 140 130 Llanelly 4 46/ 560 498 London & North-Western London and Blackwall 5l 51 1,535 1,529 London & South-Western • 400 3911 21,149 20,481 Loud. Brighton, &S. Coast 2411 2231 20,371 20,195 London, Chatham, & Dover 72 29/ 2,364 636 Lond., Tilbury, & Southend 42 40 1,583 1,574 Blan.,Sheffield,& Lincolnsh ) 291 2911 16,112 15,139 Blanch. S.Jun.&Altrincham 9 9/ 1,144 1,074 Maryport and Carlisle Midland (incl. N.-Western) 614/ 6141 42,927 42,078 Midland Gt. Westn. of lrind 19 21 1771 6,690 5,407 Monkland 56 56 1,640 1,637 Monmouthsh. Rail. & Canal 44 44 2,578 2,767 Newcastle and Carlisle 7B 78 3,367 3,552 North British (incl. Selkir - and Galashiels) North Devon 35 35 613 591 N-Eastern(Bedale&Leybrn) 789 764 39,9;5 40,484 North London 9 9 2,418 2,356 North Staffordshire 246 246 7,714 8,332 Oswestry and Newton 3O 16 510 309 Rhy St. H elens Canal & Railway 52 1 52 19/ 1,915 2,034 Scottish Central 5O 50 3,953 3,580 Scottish North-Eastern ll5 115 4,240 3,983 Shrewsbury & Birmingham - - _ Shrewsbury and Chester - . - Shrewsbury & Hereford Shropshire Union... 291 291 987 977 South Devon 7 51 721 3,773 4,210 South-Eastern 30 6. 306 23,257 25,415 South Wales l71 k 171 1 7,603 8,621 S. Yorkshire and River Dun 118 118 - - Stockton and Darlington Taff Vale 5l 54 4,631 5,206 Ulster 5l 51 1,925 1,774 Ulverstone and Lancaster Vale of Clwyd. Vale of Neath 35 35 1,757 1,749 Waterford and Kilkenny 3l 31 335 365 Waterford and Limerick 77 •77 1,354 1,476 West Cornwall 271 274 7( 6 712 W.HartlepoolHarbr.&RaiL 39 39 4,871 4,0';'6 West Midland. . - - - W'haven,Cleator,&Egrmnt. 7 7 361 42,3 Whitehaven Junction...-. 12 12 694 731 Whitehaven& F urness Jun. 35 35 699 769 FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. Antwerp and Rotterdam... 52 62 1,504 1,206 Austrian Belgian Eastern Junction 261 261 351 333 Buffalo and Lake Huron Detroit and Milwaukie lB5 185 4,547 5,106 Dutch Rhenish loBk 1081 3,835 3,544 Eastern of France. ..... East Indian ... . 24S 166 - - Grand Trunk of Canada 970 970 16,354 16,824 Great Indian Peninsula 3501 2971 2,526 2,871 Great Luxembourg l2B 128 3,764 2,707 Great Western of Canada 345 345 11,124 13,103 Lyons and Geneva 142 142 6,; 76 6,254 2.084 bladrid, Saragossa &Alicant 301 284 1 6,7 16 15,135 Northern of Canada .. Northern of France 628 61 4 59,668 53,027 Norwegian Trunk 44 44 1,002 971 840 111,374 95,607 Paris, Lyons, & Mediterrn 879 Paris and Orleans W22 9 . z2 56,154 56,212 557 Pernambuco 361 - _ Royal Danish 69 69 691 606 Sambre and Meuse 6B 68 1,484 1,165 South Austrian ...... . 261 917 61,291 49,2 92 ,195 22,592 .. 777 Southern of France ... Welland.. - ............... . _25 25 362 72,8 75 West Flanders .... . ...... : 1,046 980 W. and N.W. of France.... 7 7 30 52,738 46,027 BIRTHS. ANSTED.—On the 17th inst., Mrs. John Ansted, 1, Ten. rac e, Balham, of a son. BROWNING.—On the 17th inst., at Sutton, Surrey, the INGE.—On the 17th i nst., at Edinburgh, wife of Henry Bro wn i ng, E sq., o f a son . Charles In ge , of a dau g ht er . the wife of Major OLIVER —On the 16th inst., at Grove-end-road, the wife of Captain 11. A. Oliver, R.N., of a son. MARRIAGES. HAN BURY—STRANGFORD.—On the 17th inst., at Saint Mary's, Bryanston-square, the Hen. Charles S p encer Bateman Hanb ur y, M.P., second son of the late Lord Bateman, to the Viscountess Strang-ford. ORD—MuRE.—On the 16th inst., at Tunbr id g e-Wells, A , C. Ord, Esq., eldest son of the late Maior Hutchinson Ord, R.A., to Anne Clementine ' second daughter of the late Colonel Win. Mure, of Caldwell. DEATHS. ADLARD.—Ou the 16th lust— Ac B arnBblll7, Mr. John. Adlard, aged 61. ALEXANDER.-0. Lae 13th inst., Boyd Alexander, Esq., cf lisp—limyle, and South Bar, youngest son A . the late a mud Alexander, Esq., ged CLEVELAND.—On the 1 6 th inst., at Lowestoft William Cleveland, Esq., age d 81. 9 a 65. HILL.—On the 13th inst., at his residence, Castle Ban Appleby, Westmoreland, John Hill, Esq., aged 64. L'ESTRANGE.-011 the 14th inst., at . Torquay, Rhoda, the third daughter of Sir Geoige L'Estrange, aged 22. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE SUN Office, No. 112,Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of Middlesex, §sturdaY , 09t9Der 18,1861, L A -