The Sun. — London, England, 1861-11-12 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, OCT. 25. The effects of the rout at Edward's Ferry on New York and Boston will not be known here until after this letter has been despatched ; but the truth must be fully disclosed at last, and it will be all the more painful, coming after the anticipations which existed of a very different result to any operation in which thfereorganized army might be engaged. General M'Clellan's promise that " there would be no more Bull's-Run affairs" has not been altogether carried out. This fresh reverse is a striking example of the evils of want of military knowledge on the part of the officers, and of lack of discipline, perhaps, in the men. Who ever heard of such a thing as a night reconnaissance, and that, too, in a wooded country, known to be held by an enemy close at band ? There is an infatuation about this "scouting," as it is called, which, in every case, as far as I have seen—and I have marked 27 or 28 down already—leads to some loss or disaster. Months ago I ventured to point out the inutility and absurdity of the practice. It seems as if an officer can take off twenty or thirty mefi whenever he likes, and march them towards the enemy. Then comes a stereotyped account, in Which "ambushes, ambuscades, masked batteries," and the like, play their part till our hero retires, " having killed seven, and wounded, perhaps, seventeen of the enemy, some probably mortally, with only two men on our side hit," and nothing gained whatever in a military or in any sense except the making of a paragraph. The action at Edward's Ferry came on suddenly, and before the news reached Washington all was over, so that it would not have been possible for me to have wit nessed the affair; and, indeed, a reconnaissance on my own part, as soon as my letter had been sent off, on Tuesday afternoon, was not at all encourag ing as to the prospects of reaching Darnstown or Poolesville through a drenching rain and roads knee deep in mud, in time to ascertain any particulars of what had taken place. I suspected a disaster, but the positive information which was given to me, that the Federalists held the Virginia shore for several miles, diminished the importance which would otherwise have been attached to the affair. To-day, however, it is clear that not only were tho Federalists defeated with loss, but that they were eventually forced to retire across the river, and that they have fallen back to the Maryland shore once more, fearing another attack in force. There le reason to believe, indeed, that a small landing of Confederates in Maryland has taken place from Acquia Creek. It was reported at the navy-yard that no movements had taken place up to 11 o'clock on Wednesday night ; but it is certain that the George Page, alheavily armed steamtug, doing service on the Potomac as a Confederate man of war, was busy during the night in landing men, and she was sea as :late as yesterday afternoon crossing between Evansport and Budd's Ferry, about 25 miles below Alexandria, where the river is a mile and a•quarter wide, with a deck-load of men. The Brigade " Sickles" is stationed on the Mary land shore, and reinforcements of infantry and two batteries were sent off on Thursday to the Brigadier, whose force had been undergoing some shelling from the saucy Confederate cruiser. To all intents and purposes the river is now closed and the project of establishing mortar batteries on the Maryland side to shell the Confederates out of their works is not likely to be realised without some hard fighting. As affairs stand, it would be possible for the latter to send over an army into Maryland without interruption, but the arrival of the flotilla from New York and Baltimore at For tress Monroe may tempt the Federalists to divert it, or part of it, to make a descent and turn the bat teries, covered by the fire of their shipping. It may easily be imagined there is a general impression here that " something must be done ;" but it is not so clear what the thing is to be, for the plain, straightforward way of solving all difficulties by fighting and beating the enemy is not in favour at present. No one is afraid and everybody is anxious for an action ; but somehow there is a notion that everybody is not to be depended upon " yet," and that the preparations are not sufficiently complete; and, as is often the case, while there is some im patience on the one side on account of delays oc casioned by reverses and deficiency of organisation, there is on the other side an impatience, because considerable successes in much of what they at tempted are not absolute success in all they (the Confederates) boasted they would accomplish. The vaunting three months' men who came I down from the North filling the air with their promises to be in New Orleans in a few days dis appeared with the 21st of July, and there are now a more sober set of men in the army who would be content to compromise with Richmond before winter is over. On the other hand, the Confederates who wished to dictate peace in Philadelphia and " old Faneuil " itself would perhaps be glad to put up with Washington and Baltimore as a base of nego tiations, although the Richmond papers are begin ning to groan over a long war in prospect, arising, as they► think, from the defensive attitude assumed by the Southern armies. For the details of the action at Edward's Ferry I must refer you to the A merican papers, which gradually are getting at an idea of the truth. In one regiment there " were only two swords and no firelocks left." All the others were lost, captured, or thrown away. The 15th Massachusetts regiment may be looked upon as non est for the time. Two guns have been taken by the enemy, who, it is admitted, had no cannon whatever. The scramble to the river is described as frightful—another Beresina—masses of drowning men. Oa colonel escaped by swimming, having thrown his pistol and sword into the river. :.:ad the enemy been provided with artillery there would have been a pitiable massacre, for the posting of CO men on the island "to check pursuit," which was done by one of the officers, would scarcely have effected the object. There is some reason to think the force of the Confederates suffered severely, for they might have driven the Federalists out of Vir ginia if they had advanced in the moment of success, as the guns on the other side could not have played on them without destroying their own men. There is a regiment marching out now towards Darnstown which looks beaten already, the men gloomy and silent—do what they will bad news flies through the air. It was reported at head-quarters on Tuesday that large columns of troops were seen marching from Manassas towards Leesburg, so Beauregard does not intend to have his corps of ob servation, which is posted there, disturbed without a fight, and General M'Clellan, if he moves, will be exposed t o harassing demonstrations on his right flank and rear, unless General Bankes succeeds in another effort to establish himself on the Virginia side of the Potomac: There seems no inclination to renew the attempt at present. His retreat to the Maryland side can only be accounted for by the su pposition that ho was afraid of being driven into the river or cut off by the e nemy, who cannot have more men than he has, or could get if it were de sired. But the movement was probably dictated by Gen. M'Clellan himself, who returned to the city late last night. He has been lauded for a hard ride of 40 miles in the papers. He actually drove over in a waggon. OCTOBER 23. By cleg:Tes the extent of the loss in the action near Leesburg on the 21st is oozing out, in spite of all the efforts of the authorities to preven.t undue disclosures. Telegraph clerks have been dismissed or cautioned, newspaper correspondents have been refused permission to send despatches, and the New York papers angrily boast that the Post-office is not yet submitted to similar censorship, although the telegraph is under a surveillance quite Russian. Colonel Baker, whose loss is so much deplored, wag senator from Oregon. Ho was born in Eng land, and originally a newsboy and then a weaver in Philadelphia, but by extraordinary perseverance and natural acquirements he rose to be one of the leading politicians of his party, after a career of ,laborious industry in California and Oregon. Mr. Lincoln was deeply affected at the news of his death, 8.114. it is sald he . paced up and down his room all ni ght. Mrs the White goose , refused to see any visitors at to have th e body e It w . as the desire of the President in the house, but, a a t tned to one of the apartments present the upholsterers and decorators are in possession, and the corpse will be deposited in the city, and will probably receive the honours of a public funeral. The telegraph was not permitted to send any news whatever yesterday, and the morning journals 1 "babble of green fields," and avoid all mention of the action, except in the old versions, from which it was impossible not to gather that their friends had been worsted, notwithstanding that they assert the whole object of their movement has been gained by the success of Stone's column. There is a reverse hidden under these phrases. The inconsistency which is forced upon the Government of the United States by this unhappy conflict is most forcibly developed by two proceedings nearly simultaneous. While they consent to an exchange of prisoners, covered by the formula of an oath which is more easily broken than understood, their officers are pro secuting in New York the crew of the Savannah : privateer as pirates who were carrying out the plans of robbery of certain citizens of Charleston, South Carolina, on the authority of a pretended " letter of marque from one Jefferson Davis." There has been no attempt to deny the truth of my statement that the officers of the regular army are by no means disposed to carry on this war with the view of securing the ulterior success of Aboli tionism. They are prepared to fight for the Union, for their country, for their flag, but not for negro emancipation. The Washington papers which have discussed the subject admit the truth of what I have advanced as the result of personal experience. Indeed as the contest goes on there is a development of a spirit hostile to abolition which may be pro duced by considerations of temporary policy, or by permanent conviction that it is better to accept slavery than lose the Union, its profits, its glories, and its power. That development takes place not only among the people, but among the members of the Government ; and Mr. Seward, laden with the responsibility of office, throws off the incubus of his former career with graceful vigour and steps more firmly onwards in his career. Mr. Sumner's recent speech, classical illustrations and all, fell flat and dead on the ears of his audience, once so erect for the well•known sounds. The act of Congress is interpreted in no penal sense for the slavehole..ers ; and in Kansas there has been an open feud between the regular officers and the volunteers with respect to the treatment of negro property in the rebellious districts. General—l do not 1 - . now if his name is James, but he is always called Jim—Lane has, in a speech at Leavenworth, openly denounced the United States officers, and declared no good will be attained till the slaves of rebels are confiscated. His Union remedy is simple. " Destroy, devastate, desolate," he says, " for this is war." Brigadier- , General Viele, on the other hand, before his brigade sailed from Annapolis this week, issued a strong order against the practice of carrying off the slaves in the district through which the troops pass. It is called running, as if the creatures were spirits or the proceeds of distillation—the making of some sort of essence. And a Republican paper of Washington thereupon says, " that with such pro - slavery orders we shall soon have an army capable of sustaining Southern rights." On this question of slavery the North is divided, while the South is united as a man, and if the Tribune speaks the truth as to the actual supercession of Gen. Fremont there will be an amount of dissatisfaction expressed in the West which will indicate the measure of the difficulties Government will have to encounter in the contest, as it persists in its endeavour to carry it on to the battle cry of " the Union" merely. Mr. Everett, in his recent address on the state of the country, has expressed his conviction that the sole belief of the American people which could be safely and certainly employed to save the Union is what we may without irreverence term " Washington wor ship." " That (says he) is the only feeling with which the Northern and Southern breast beat in unison." But, though Washington left behind him proofs of what his personal feelings were in regard to that question, he certainly never did any act which could satisfy the world that the South is quite wrong in asserting he would have been with them in this struggle if he were alive at the present moment. His farewell address proclaims principles not opposed to those which the Democrats would carry out if they had the power; and all the Re publicans can say is, that he would probably have strained every nerve for the Union had he survived to take part in this great conflict, OCT. 24 There is something in the individual freedom of Americans which renders it impossible for them to produce the effect attained in other countries by State ceremonial and the pageantry of processions. A jealousy, morbid perhaps, but strong, prevails against military display where one man directs all, although there is a great liking for military displays where all men are equal, and where the result is correspondingly unimpressive, except in mere numbers and massiveness. For instance, the State funeral of Senator and Acting-Brigadier- General Baker to-day was not by any means a grand or imposing spectacle, although a little care might have made it so. To any foreign spectator, indeed, there was much that was wanting in dignity and proper respect in the ceremonial. The absence of attention or regard to details in these matters may be consistent with the simplicity of R,epublican institztions ; but, if so, it were better, perhaps, not to attempt any exhibition of the kind, for their utility is lost if they do not produce their effect on those who see them. The honour is paid to the dead to impress the living, and to satisfy a senti ment universal in civilised man. When General M'Dowell took command of the army, he was actually subjected to rebuke because he reviewed his troops ! It was considered that he was ambitious, and that he desired to gratify his vanity by an empty parade. General M'Clellan, more fortunate, can and does review his soldiers whenever he pleases, but it is owing to an ascen dancy derived from the belief that he is a nees. , :- sary man, rather than from ready acquiesceues the thing itself. Out of the abundance of troop Washington, men might well have been spared line the streets through which the cortege passed, and Pennsylvania-avenue would have appeared to advantage with the tapering fringe of uninformed men and glistening arms along the pavement. But, instead of that, carts, waggons, and vans were per mitted to drive along till they encountered the head of the procession, where they were halted with diffi culty and in noisy masses by the exertions of a solitary constable, in plain clothes, who led the van. The national flags were lowered half-mast, but no bells tolled, no guns boomed, as the cortege pro ceeded towards the Capitol. The military band which headed the column played a slow but not a mournful strain, and the ear listened in vain for the melancholy grandeur of the " Dead March in Saul," or for some music appropriate to the scene. The first regiment appeared with arms reversed marching in sections of companies at quarter-dis tance, a fine set of men, well uniformed and tolerably clean and neat ; next came, for what purpose it is difficult to imagine, a regiment without arms, dirty, undersized, and ill-clad in blue flannel smocks, just reaching over the hips; full of boys and ingrown men. This was followed by a battalion of very sol dierly fellows, from Rhode Island I think, who were well dressed, and marched with steadiness. A few unkempt men on horses to match closed up the mi litary part of the cortege, and then followed the staff and the clergy, and the hearse on which lay the coffin, covered with the American flag and funeral wreaths. The P res id ent l ooked pale and sad enough and wore mourning, but white and gray felt hats and light coloured coats were visible in many of the carriages and hackney coaches. Not a hat was raised as the coffin was borne by, except by a small knot of people, who were regarded with surprise by their neighbours. Not a hat was raised except by the same persons for the President, supposing that all the spectators behaved similarly to those I saw near me. The bystanders, among whom Were many coloured people were anxious to see M'Ciellan but he was not there, nor was General Scott nor any of the Ministers of the principal Powers. Lord Lyons who was acquainted with the deceased sena tor, would have gone, but for an accidental delay in receiving his invitation. While the procession was passing along Pennsylvania avenue, two officers in uniform rode up the contrary way, one of whom was smoking a cigar, THE SUN, LONDON, and he passed the hearse with it in his month, and halting at a corner with his comrade, surveyed the cortege with the philosophical indiffe rence to which tobacco is supposed to be favourable. A foreigner cannot help being struck by such things, but the genuine grief of the personal friends and many of the attendants of the deceased disarms cri ticism in reference to other matters which were ob vious enough. WASHINGTON, OCT. 25. There is no use in giving advice to an angry man. The North is very angry just now, and all the coun sels which are addressed to it from Europe in the interests of moderation and peace are disregarded, or employed to incite it to fury as affording proof that the great Powers are determined to interfere with the blockade, or that their sympathies are with the South. It is certainly difficult for the North, or for the Government of the United States, to listen to such advice as long as the South is in arms. Defeat exasperates the Northerner, but does not intimidate, and it will be long before he can believe the South erner is able to meet and beat him in the open field. If two large armies are assembled, at vast expense, to look at each other for indefinite periods, the peo- ple on both sides will become tared of paying for an empty and enormously expensive pageantry ; and it is of some moment to see which is likely to show the first symptoms of weariness. I have already pointed out the difficulties in Gen. M'Clellan's posi tion here. The last thing he would like to do would be to attack the lines at Manassas' in his pre sent state. And yet he cannot venture much beyond his present lines without bringing on an engage ment which would lead him to that very point; nor can he debouch his columns on either flank with out incurring similar danger and risk, which the results of the action on Monday will not induce him to encounter. But there is impatience breaking oat now and then. It shows itself North and South. The latter will show greater self-control and greater qualities than their enemies give them credit for if they bear the depressing effects of inaction better than the Northerners. Any offensive movement would be an indication that their leaders were obliged to yield to popular pressure, for in a defen sive attitude they are infinitely stronger ; it is, in fact, the exponent of their whole case, and the best representation of their strength. It fortifies the arguments of their friends, and furnishes excuses for the lukewarmness of those who would be forced into the ranks for the Union if any invasion of the Free States were attempted. Cn the other hand, the North is bound, by its declarations and by the nature of the war, to invade the Southern :totes. " It is humiliating to reflect," says an American journal, " that the world would go ou if the Great F.epublic were broken up." The expression indi cates very clearly, though unwittingly on the part of the writer, the sentiment which has an enormous influence on the actions of men in the United States. In the old days in Ireland there was a small yeo manry corps much given to convivial meetings, at which the standing toast was " The Kilkishen Yeo manry, the terror of Bonaparte!" But the gallant fellows scarcely ventured in their finest moments to imagine that the great orb would suffer serious disturbance in its course if they were by any means to become non-existent. Why should Americans be " humiliated" to find the world was not regulated by special reference to the cohesion of the United States? Unquestionably, any serious shock to the system of the Confederation would be felt by Eu rope and by the rest of the world, and no people would deplore any disruption of the happy and prosperous communities which existed on this side of the Atlantic more sincerely than the people who are so industriously abused for want of sympathy with their kinsfolk. As there is no necessary man in the world, so there is no necessary nation or form of government ; and we all feel, without being humiliated, that if we disappeared, or underwent total metamorphosis, the world would adapt itself to the change without any sustained difficulty. Both sides have abandoned all hope of a short war, although in the secret heart there is some lingering hope that an unexpected event may finish it or lead to an adjustment. If, as I am assured by the Balti more papers, the great bulk of the people of Mary land, particularly of the landed gentry, are strong Unionists, and it nevertheless requires martial law, General Dix, Federal Hill, Fort M'Henry, fortified camps, and some 25,000 men to keep down the mise• rable minority of Secessionists—if their violence is so great that in order to keep them from walking Maryland out of the Union it is absolutely neces sary to break up the Legislature by aimed force, and commit the members of it to prison without a chance of appealing to a jury —what, I ask, must be done with the States in the South, where, it must be admitted, the Union sentiment is so sound asleep it is to all appearance stone dead ? The Northern papers are beginning to find out the whole South is in earnest in the matter ; nay, more, they are actually holding up their unanimity, their sacrifices, their resolution, as examples to be imitated by the Unionists. in proportion as the time when ngland was to be suil'ering the extramest pangs of want from the exclusion of cotton draws nigh, without any exhibition of the dangerous symptoms, the North renews its invec tive against our neutrality, and the South reiterates its assurances that I mance and Great Britain must recognise the Confedere.ion. Yobacca is the prep of the - -Trench Tnrcne, as cotton is the base or the English Monarchy. But cotton has a good deal to say to the destinies of the Bonaparte dynasty also. It is largely used, not only in the factories of Rouen anti Lae v,:diey of the Seine, and at Mulhouse, but it is essential to the manufacture of numerous fabric. mixed with silk made by the dangerous people who live in that t. - rrible city of Lyons. M. Belmont, whose visit to the Charleston Convention is said to have been est...aided with such direful results, has had a severe lesson in the seizure of his tobacco at Richmond, and may now feel that his quondum friends are very sincere enemies. But beyond the personal question there is a real conviction that France must have tobacco and cotton from America ar perish, and I am assured if the Northerners sue din landing at any port on the Souththe planters, a a proof of their determination, and as a punish ment for nun-recognition, will lay their cotton in flames int every acre of their soil threatened by an enemy. I, wbo have seen the fierce beatings of that fervid Southern heart, can well believe in a cotton Moscow—nobody here does. They all be lieve in dollars; they are satistisd the planters will yield to so many cents per lb. for cotton. Stand by and let. us see. In spite of the animosity which exists, the efforts of the regular officers to abolish the savage practice of sentry stalking have met with success, and the war is now conducted in a more civilised manner. It is, however, lamentable to wit ness the depredations committed by the troops in Virginia, and I shall have occasion some day to de scribe what I have seen over there lately as illus trations of the excesses of the contest between North and South. The debateable land between the out posts must be indeed a land of grief and mourning, of dreadful suspense—days of fear, and nights of torture. As the facts of the Leesburg disaster become known doubts arise respecting the capability of commanders higher than those who were actually engaged in the operation. The loss is three guns and some 600 men out of a column of I,Boo—a de moralising depression among the survivors. Who ordered the movement ? It is incerdible that Gen. Banks or Gen. Stone, on their own responsibility, and without the direct command of the General-in- Chief of their army should have ventured on such an important operation. The division of WCall, on the extreme right of the line at the other side of the river, had advanced to Drainsville, and Vienna was all but occupied by the Federalists. It is obvious, on looking at the map, that if Leesburg were seized upon by the Federalists from Poolesville and Darns town, they could effect a junction with the extreme right of the army at Drainsville, and thus complete the whole line from Alexandria to the chain of mountains which closes in the valley of the Shen andoah, and thus they could prevent any demon stration on their right flask in case of an advance Leesburg to fall back on a Oew line of communiqa towards Manassas, and f th :ce the corps which held ts , the Confed era t es . I n tions with the main body o order to effect this it was obvious that a very care ful advance well sustained in al; points should be made. The Potomac—rapid and broad—too deep for fording and easily swollen by rain, lay in • front of the Federalists. The enemy was known to be in possession of the country, and to be in a posit: ion to which reinforcements could be rapidly given 'by the army at Manassas. Generals Banks and Stoi Le were not in immediate communication with, th e army of Washington, and must have considered them selves in an independent command, which, in event of success, wouldopen communications with the army in Virginia, but mustuatil that success was ttchieved rely on its own efforts. At 2 p.m. on Sund'. ay, Oct. 22, General Stone is said to have sent the following order to Acting Brigadier-General Baker :-- " Sir,—As soon as you get your force in position make a dash at Leesburg, and shoot down any lawless de/ predator who may leave the ranks. General Gorman moving on your left, and I expect to be in possession. of Leesbu rg to night. "STON - E." The order is brief enough. So far as call be made out, the means of transport available for the purpose of carrying over this force consisted of two or three large flat-bottomed boats called scows and a canal boat or two, which were not easily managed in a rapid stream. Instead of land ing with caution, and throwing out pickets and sentries to prevent surprise till the whole force in tended for the movement was landed, a company was at once pushed on in advance on a " scouting" expedition, nearly as far as Leesburg, in the night time, and from information thus gained, that there was only a small cimp visible, it was considered judicious to send on a small detachment to at tack the force in those tents before the bulk of the column had begun to move across the Jiver. The march of this small body was opposed by the enemy, who appeared in front, and on their flanks, and the detachment fell back, we may ine sume, in disorder upon the reinforcements which were coming slowly across the river. The enemy, following their success, pushed the Federalists, who were hastily formed, with vigour, and poured in a heavy musketry fire upon them from the woods surrounding the open field in which the latter were forming. Although they had no artillery, the Con federates, being superior in numbers, were able to direct such a powerful fasillade upon the Federalists that the advantage they possessed in the aid of three pieces of artillery did not avail to sustain them in line. No adequate supports arrived till too late, and the pro wised co-operation of General Gorman ?loos not appear to have been Cective. Gn the fall of Gcneral T.2,aker there was a retrograde movement, which terminated in a rout, during which the Fe deralists, throwing down their arms, or casting them into the river, fell into the utmost confusion, and, in siAte of the exertions of their &lacers and personal gallantry on the part of some of the troops, which is said to have been conspicuous, but can hardly have been, as one solution of the catastrophe made it " too great," were driven or fled into the stream, overcrowding one of the boats till it sank, and endeavouring, often unsuccessfully, to escape by swimming. The descriptions of the scene which ensued are frightful. One third at least of the whole force of 1,800 which crossed over were killed, wounded, drowned, or taken prisoners, and the guns, if not captured, were lost. The Confede rates might have destroyed the whole force if they had guns or cavalry, but they were obliged to rest contented with the signal repulse of the unhappy force, for the enemy had collected in strength on the other side, and were reported to have crossed lower down the river. OCTOBER 26. To-day there was a review of General Fitz John Porter's division, consisting, as well as I could judge, of 7,500 infantry, 16 guns, and a couple of weak squadrons of cavalry, on the ground beyond Ball's Cross-roads, in front of their camp. General M'Clellan has not succeeded in carrying out the project attributed to him of organising complete divisions in fixed proportions of each of the three arms, and to which there is some opposition. The sky was hazy, but the day was warm and pleasant, and as the distance across the river does not exceed four miles and a-half, a considerable number of persons crossed over to witness the spectacle. There is no ground in this part of Virginia where 1 so many troops could form in line—indeed, it is dif cult to find a spot about the camps where a brigade could be deployed. All is wood or undergrowth, patched with fields of Indian corn, undulating, and cut up with small ravines and watercourses. The division, therefore, was formed in double columns on parallel lines, and a good deal of the effect was lost because from no one point could all the troops be seen at one time. The Prince of Jcinville, the Count of Paris, and the Duke of Chartres were on the ground, the former in plain clothes, long riding boots, and a felt hat, the latter in the undress uni form of captains in the United States' army. The young Princes generally remained by the side of General M'Dowell, whose French is unexception able, and for whose character and attainments they have a high regard; and, as they have taken a house in Washington, it may be presumed they in tend to remain here for some time. There were some fair ladies on horseback, and 25 or 30 carriages from the city, and a small crowd of civilians. It must be remembered that no one can cross the river with out passes, and it is not always easy to procure them. There are only two means of crossing over near the city—one by the Long-bridge to Arlington, the other by the ferry at Georgetown, a couple of miles higher up. At the latter place two large floating stages are hauled across the river, and each to the opposite shore simultaneously by means of ropes, aud this is still persisted in, though a bridge of boats could be easily made in a few hours. It is all very well, so long as the army lies close at hand on the other side of the river; but if ever it should be found necessary to transport provisions and ma teriel for a corps of 100,000 men 50 miles away from this eenrll depot, difßealties, which may become disastrous, will inevitably ensue, unless the communica'cien 3 fix improved and multiplied. It is proposed to meet the effects of the obstructions to the Potomac by laying down a second line of rail from Annapolis to the junction with the Washing ton or uch of the Baltimore Railroad, and thus ob tain supplies by the Chesapeake beyond all danger of interruption. Indeed, if we are to believe the most recent statements respecting the blockade of the river, it would appear•that there are no guns at Mathias Point at all! This is the most formidable site for the Confederate batteries, as the channel passes close to the bluff; and, if there are no guns there, there,is no reason for putting them anywhere else. It is not probable, however, that any one landed as has been reported. The vessels which are lying below the batteries are not insured against war risks, and the masters and owners are anxious that the Government should give them some guar antee in reference to their property, in case they should be burnt or sunk before they try to run the gauntlet. The non-arrival of the vessels places Washington in the position of being blockaded. There is nothing the Federalists would desire more ardently than the crossing of a Confederate corps into Maryland. They will soon have upwards of 20,000 men to reinforce the men of the Sickles Bri gade, who are guarding the shore opposite Acquia Creek. OCTOBER 27. The exigencies of war transcend even general orders. Long trains of waggons moved through the city during church hcurs, and men and horses were worked, notwithstanding General M'Clellan's desire to give them a day of rest. Woe betide the man who next fights, and losses, a battle on the Sab bath, on the side of the Federalists. As to winning a battle on that day, no doubt good warranty would be found for it, and even in Massachusetts it has been found necessary to work the men in the Water town Arsenal on the seventh day. OCTOBER 28. Therelis a cabinet council sitting, at whichMr Fox, the Assistant Secretary of the Navy, is present, and it is supposed that the subject under discussion and consideration is the employment of the great naval expeditionary flotilla at Fortress Monroe. I enclose en account of the composition of this for midable flotilla, respecting the destination of which the profoundest secrecy is observed. Perhaps there are conflicting opinions as to the best use to be made of it. There are many who think it is intended for Texas, but it is more probable that it will be em ployed far nearer home, and that the Confederates will be rudely assailed on their flank. The weather is becoming favourable for naval expeditions, and the troops are enjoying by day the glories of the TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 12, 1861. Indian summer, though at night there is reason to complain of the cold. In a despatch addressed to General Scott, who appeals to direct the operations of those corps which do not belong to the army of the Potomac under General M'Clellan, there is news of a Federal victory by the troops under Brigadier- General Kelley, in Western Virginia, at Romney— a place on the south branch of the Potomac lying west of Winchester, and on the road between that place and Grafton. The following is the despatch:— " Romney, Virginia, October 26, 6 p.m. " In obedience to your orders, I moved on this place at 12 o'clock lest night, attacked the enemy at 3 o'clock this p.m., and drove in their outpost, and after a brilliant action of two hours, completed routed them, taking all their cannon and much of their camp equipage, and many prisoners. " Our loss is but trifling, but cannot say to what extent. "B. F. KELLEY, Brigadier. General Commanding." The full importance of this affair will be better appreciated, perhaps, when the accounts reach Boston on Wednesday. The papers teem with various despatches—correspondence of all kinds respecting the engagement at the mouths of the Mississippi, the affair at Santa Rosa, and the action at Edward's Ferry. There are also a number of sporadic .skirmishes spoken of which are in favour of both sides, according to the side from which you receive the news. In Missouri the Federalists seem to be recovering lost ground, and Zollicoffer in Kentucky, has had a reception iu his attack on a force at " Wild. Cat " which looks very like a de cided drubbing. As an exemplification of the way in which history is written, and of the reliance to be placed on official despatches, contrast the re port of Captain Hollins (of Greytown repute), of the Confederated States' Navy, with that of Captain Pope, United States' Navy, respecting the night attalk on the blockading squadron off New Orleans. F , Jlll General Fremont's force there is no news of importance, but I may add that the reports of the removal of that officer are premature, and that serious differences of opinion exist on the question, not founded on personal considerations but on poli tical consequences expected in the West should General Fremont be forced to retire. There is much trouble caused by refractory officers. Several have been arrested; some have been forced to retire; ethers have voluntarily resigned, unwilling to ap2ear before the Board for examination as to nem for duty. It is dangerous to meddle with some of these colonels, as they are active politicians, and they can do a groat deal of mischief in the large cities, where their popularity procured them the command of regiments by inveighing against the ustice they have received and the mismanagement of affairs, The ITavy Department is also agitated by:unruly members. Here is Captain Scott, of the Keystone State, to be arrested, because he left his cruising ground to take his prize " Salvor" into Philadelphia. He behaved with some disregard of the amenities and proprieties to the United States' Marshal at Key West, and would not pay any heed to the warrant of the judge at that place, who de sired to arrest him for his conduct. Two officers of high rank in the army, one a general and one a colonel in the West, have been frequently named in the journals as men of notoriously intemperate habits—one being occasionally seen " drunk in the gutter." It is not wonderful, if such statements be true, that the New York nnes should have to say of such affairs as Edward's Ferry that "the retreat was made after the Bull Run pattern, with slight improvements, the men rolling, sliding, and almost turning somersaults down hill, to escape the gall ing fire which now assailed them from all points." I am assured that the Massachusetts Regiment be haved well, but that Tammany was not quite so becomingly represented. As to the courage of the Confederates, all agree. They were seen to form line and come into action under fire with great steadiness. If their finances were as sound as their fighting, there would be immense chances on the side of the Southerners; but Mr. Memminger's scheme of cotton bonds is tumbling, an eruption of small paper covers the States, and a forced loan of ready money is in the distance. IRELAND. DUBLIN, MONDAY MORNING. Thelll‘Manus demonstration, which came off yes terday, must be admitted to be, in point of numbers, organisation, order, and determination, a great sue cess. It would be impossible to estimate the num bers that crowded the streets along the line of the procession. So far as the people were concerned it surpassed the funeral of O'Connell. It occupied more than half an hour in passing at a smart pace through Sackville-street, and must, therefore, have extended over a mile and a half. The numbers who marched in the procession have been estimated at 10,000 or 12,000, each man having provided himself with crape and white riband, which were worn on the left arm. Had one of the principal chapels been given for the exhibition, and had one of the priests pronounced a funeral oration, with the sanction of Archbishop Cullen, it is probable that nearly the whole Roman Catholic population would have turned out to do honour to the remains. When we consider that the procession was supposed to be under the ban of the Church, that the leaders of the movement had been denounced in the Nation on Saturday, that owing to the heavy rain during the night the pedestrians were ankle deep in mud, that the day was raw and 'bitterly cold, and that the pro ceedings occupied four hours, the success of the demonstration will seem the more remarkable. Some people doubt whether it could have been achieved without the secret approval and counte nance of Archbishop Cullen. If he was seriously opposed to it, and compelled his clergy to absent themselves because he regarded such a manifesta tion of disloyalty as not only impolitic but culpable, it is clear that the more intelligent portion of the democracy have to an alarming extent escaped from the control of the Church. It is also clear, in any view - of the subject, that the taint of disaffection to the Government has become much more widely spread among the working classes of the Roman Catholics than the public were aware. The procession started from Lower Abbey-street at 1 o'clock. There was a large funeral car, on the top of which the coffin, not shaped in the usual way, but like a box, was placed, uncovered. The car was drawn by six horses with outriders, pre ceded by eight stewards on horseback, with wands, to keep the route clear. Then came about 300 citizens, walking eight deep. Next came a band, consisting of 40 performers. A mourning coach followed, containing the sister of the deceased, Mr. Doheny, the Rev. Mr. Kenyon, P. P., Temple derry, and Mr. John Martin, one of the convicted " patriots" of 1848. After this coach walked the Rev. Patrick Lavelle, P. P., Partry, two other priests, and some laymen. Then came the Ameri can deputation, and the various committees, wear ing scarfs and hatbands. These were followed by " the trades," which mustered in great force, and they made a very creditable appearance as to dress and demeanour. There was an odd person among them unsteady from the effects of drink, and some few had pipes in their mouths, but, on the whole, they kept the step almost as well as if they had been drilled. The Kingstown and Bray deputation made themselves ridiculous by exhibiting an old blind harper, with his instrument, clothed in a white mantle of some kind, which they called "bar die costume," perched upon a chair on the top of a shaky " emblematic car," drawn by one horse. Oddly enough, the carriage which followed this burlesque of Irish antiquities contained Mr. William Smith O'Brien and the O'Donoghue, M.P. Then followed about a dozen carriages and a line of cabs and outside cars. The procession went through Gardiner-street , Great Britain-street, Capel-street, along the quays, to the King's-bridge, then by Stephen's-lane to James's-street and Thomas-street, and down through Dame-street and Sackville-street. In pass ing the spot where Emmett was executed in Thomas street all the `processionists took off their hats; It was near 5 o'clock and rather dark when they arrived at Glasnevin. There Father Lavelle de livered an address, in which he said the events of that glorious and memorable day symbolized the resurrection of the Irish nation. Mr. Smyth, the chairman of the American Committee, also de livered an address, in which be stated that the Irish in America meant to test the feeling of the Irishathomehy disinterring the corpse of M`Manus ~, . ~Y` . ~, and bringing it across the American Continent and the Atlantic, and, if the Irish at home refused to honour his remains, they resolved to give them up as a doomed race. But they showed themselves still true to the cause for which M'Manus died, as the proceedings of that day proved; and he was proud that the demonstration which proved so gloriously successful was the work of the people and the people alone. The proceedings were not concluded till about 6 o'clock. There was no disturbance of the peace. The middle-class citizens kept quite aloof. There was no display of military or muster of police, and the whole affair passed over without any breach of the peace or any serious accident. Sir Robert Peel arrived in Sligo on Saturday, having visited Clifden, Ballin a, Westport, and other places, on his way. The Mayor waited on him immediately on his arrival with an address from the corporation. The audit of the annual accounts of the Collector- General of Taxes took place on Saturday, before Mr. Gerald Fitzgibbon, Master in Chancery. Mr. Morgan, corporation law agent ; Mr. Farquhar, town clerk; and Mr. Wharton, town councillor, at tended on the part of the corporation to watch the proceedings. Considerable discussion took place on the subject of an item of £BOO, charged in the ac counts as the Collector-General's salary, as to which the Master recorded his opinion that it was illegal. He also complains of a number of houses valued under £BO a-year which were returned as insolvent. The audit was ultimately adjourned until the 3d of February, in order to have explanations given. LA TV INTELLIGENCE.—Nov. 11. VICE-CHANCELLOR'S COURT. (Before Vice-Chancellor Stuart.) THE KING OF PORTUGAL T. SCOTT RUSSEL. This was a demurrer. The bill contained allega tions to the following effect :—By an agreement made between the defendant, John Scott Russell, of the one part, and the Minister of Marine of the King of Portugal of the other part, the defendant, Scott Russell, agreed, in consideration of £10,400, to construct for the plaintiff a steam screw foretop sail schooner ship, and at his own cost and risk to launch the same at Millwall, ready for sea, on or before April 25, 1859. £10,400 was to be paid in i five instalments of £2,080 each ; and, it was pro vided by the agreement that if the vessel was not completed and equipped as therein mentioned by the day named, the defendant, Scott Russell, should pay to the Portuguese Minister of Marine £5 for each day thereafter that the ship should not be completed, as and for liquidated damages, Mr. Scott Russell proceeded with the ship, and received four of the instalments of £2,080 each, but the ship was not completed within the time mentioned in the con tract. Mr. Scott Russell afterwards, under protest, equipped the vessel as the Portuguese Minister of Marine contended it should be equipped by the terms of the agreement, but ho refused to deliver over the vessel unless he was paid £3,076 Cs. 7d. for extras. It was ultimately agreed that the vessel should be delivered to Sir George Rose Sartorius on behalf of the plaintiff, on payment to Mr. Scott Russell of the further sum of £2,080, and upon the deposit under an agreement of the sum of £3,076 Bs. 7d. in the Bank of England, in the joint names of Sir George Rose Sartorius and Mr. Scott Russell, to abide the result of an action which was to be brought for the recovery of it by Mr. Scott Russell, which action he was to " commence forthwith, and duly and diligently prosecute." The action was brought by Mr. Scott Russell, and tried at Kingston Assizes in 1860, when a nominal verdict was re turned for the plaintiff in the action, with leave for the defendant therein to apply to the Court to set it aside, and enter a verdict for him. A rule for that purpose was accordingly obtained in Easter Term, 1860, and subsequently in the same term a rule was obtained ordering a special case to be stated for the opinion of the court of law. The bill further alleged that there had been delay in the preparation of the special case by Mr. Scott Russell, and that the action had not been duly and diligently prosecuted by him, and it prayed that Sir George Rose Sartorius and Mr. Scott Russell might be ordered to pay the sum of £3,076 Bs. 7d. to the Portuguese Minister of Ma rine, on behalf of the King of Portugal. The de fendant, Mr. Scott Russell, demurred to the bill for want of equity. Mr. Matins and Mr. Kekewich were for the de fendant, and Mr. Bacon and Mr. G. Simpson for the plaintiff. The Vice-Chancellor—The case stated by the bill is that of the constitution of a trust, which attached itself to the fund in question the moment it was placed in the name of trustees. The fund is now standing in the name of these trustees with that trust impressed upon it. According to the declaration of trust, the events upon NI , hich the ul timate right to the trust fund may be determined have not yet occurred. The plaintiff, indeed, avers that, upon one construction of the trust, an event has occurred from the neglect and delay of the de fendant which entitles him to the whole fund. But there is now no question but that the fund is a trust fund, and that the defendant, who demurs, is one of the trustees in whose names the trust fund is standing. Upon the construction of the declaration of the trust must depend the question whether the plaintiff or defendant is entitled to the fund in its entirety, or in certain proportions. The bill is one as to which the demurrer cannot be maintained, and the demurrer must be therefore overruled. It has been said that crowned heads should not con descend to ask for costs; but Kr. Simpson has made this plaintig come humbly to the Court, and if the gyring of fortugal does not think it any disparage ment to accept costs the Court would not refuse to give them to him. The last crowned head (the Emperor of Austria) who sued in this Court dis claimed before this branch of the Court to accept costs. There will be leave to amend the bill, and time given to answer the amended bill. POLIGE IN2ELLIGENCE, Nov. 11. HAMMERSMITH. —DISMISSAL OP POLICE COMPLAINTS. EXTRAORDINARY CASE. Mrs. Sarah Starbuck, the landlady of the Cannon public house, Queen-street, Hammersmith, was summoned before Mr. Dayman, to answer the complaint of the police for having her house open on Sunday morn ing, the 3rd inst., before one o'clock. The defendent did not appear, but was represen ted by her son, who conducts her business. The only witness in the case was police-con stable Woodbridge, of the T division, a plain clothes officer of Notting•hill, but on the Sunday in question he was employed specially in the dis trict of Hammersmith to watch the public-houses. His evidence went to show that he saw 13 men in the parlour or tap-room and 10 men at the bar. This was about half-past twelve o'clock. The door was opened in consequence of a knock from the outside, and he attempted to pass in, but was prevented, and though he stated le was a constable and showed his card, he was pushed out. He swore that he succeeded in getting one one leg and his head inside the door, and that in the struggle he was able to count the men in the par lour and at the bar. He also saw a man drinking from a pot full of beer. He further stated that he remained outside till one o'clock, and that he saw some of the same men come out of a private house in Ship-lane, a thoroughfare running at the side of the public-house. Mr. Martin cross-examined the constable, and he admitted that Mr. Arnold dismissed a similar com plaint against another licensed victualler in Ham mersmith on Saturday, and remarked at the time that he (Mr. Arnold) did not believe his evidence. Three witnesses were called, and they swore posi tively that there were only three persons in the house, namely, Mr. Starbuck, the potman who was placing his cans in the bar, and a man who had re turned a ladder he had borrowed. They also proved that there was no outlet at the back, as the yard was surrounded by the walls of adjoining houses, and that there were no windows or doors through which any men could leave. Mr. Martin called upon Inspector Hard to make a summons, and he said that he visited the house, accompanied by a constable, about 'a quarter of an hour before, and he found 110 men there. It was also denied that the constable showed his card. Mr. Dayman said it was an extraordinary cas e , and dismissed the summons. LAMBETH•-- MYSTERIOUS DISAPPEARANCE OF TWENTY SOVEREIGNS.—Ann Coffee, a decent young woman, who has been in custody for some days on a charge of stealing £2O belonging to Mr. Edward Henry Vries, was again placed at the bar before Mr. Elliott for final examination. From the evidence of the prosecutor, an East India gentleman, lodging at No. 9, South-place, Kennington Park, it appeared that while dressing on the morning of Tuesday last ho took 20 sove reigns rolled up in paper from his portmanteau, and placed them on his bed, intending to put them into his pocket before leaving, but this he forgot to do, and left the roll on the bed behind him. This was about ten o'clock in the morning, and at four he missed them, and it was sworn that the only per sons who had entered the room from the time the money was placed on the bed until it was missed were the prisoner, who made the bed, and the two children of the prosecutor, the one ten and the other eight years of age, and the suspicion of the prisoner having taken the money, therefore, amounted to al most a positive certainty, and sho was remanded to give the officer engaged in the case an opportunity , of making a thorough search for the missing trea sure. Sergeant Hull, 32 P, said that since the former examination he had carefully examined the water closet, water-butt, and ever andy part of d he house d the fi with the greatest Minuteness, cou not n slightest trace of the missing sovereigns. He had also been to the two last places where the prisoner lived as servant, in the one place for 18 months and the other three years, and in both places received an excellent character of lior. He had also been te, the baker's shop, where the prisoner had been sent for bread on the day'' , in question, and the person who served her did not obsei-ve anything more than ordinary about her on that oCcasion ri attended for the . Mr. Chipperfield, who now fions to M p r. Vries soner, put a number of ques , respecting the money, to which he replied that he received £45 in gold in exchango for notes, sit a bank in Dublin, and these he wrap i bed up in paper, putting .f.-;25 in one and £2O in the o; her. The 20- sovereign roll he carried about with him on the Monday, and, as it was his custom, placed it in his porttnanteau on that night. On the following morning he took it out, intending to place it in his pocket again, but forgot to do so, as he before stated. In reply to a question from the magistrate, he said he had not been out of the house from the time he left his bedroom at ten o'clock, until he missed the money at four, nor were either of his children. Mr. Chipperfield said his client assured him in the most solemn terms, and he believed her, that she saw nothing of or knew anything of the money alleged to be lost ; that if anything had been left on the bed she dii not see or find it; and he hoped, that notwithstanding the appearances against her, his worship would take into cons.3deration the ex cellent character she had reeeive.i, and the fact also of her character being without stain up to the present mysterious case. Mr. Elliott, without further o bservAti,ln on the case, said the prisoner must be disehargeng.• The prisoner, who wept bitterly during a greater part of the investigation, then left the dock. BREAD IN PARIS. A pamphlet which has just appeared under th title of La Verite sur la Boulangerie, by M. Le— bandy, gives some insight into the present organisa tion of the trade in Paris, and the difficulties exist ing between the Prefect of the Seine and the corporation of bakers, to which we 'may per haps attribute the bad quality of the bread at pi esent delivered to' the consumer. The Caisse de la Boulaugerie was instituted in 1853 in order to maintain bread at a reasonable prise by grant.. ing advances to the bakers in bad years, to be rep aid in favourable ones. As the bread consumed by the population of Paris is made with flour con stituting from 64 to 70 per cent. of the weight of coin put into the mill, experiments were made at the Maison Scipion, or general bakehouse of the hospitals, by order of the Prefect, with a view to as certain whether 75 per cent. of good flour without injury to the quality of bread, the price of whic h might then be reduced by five or seven centimes per kilo. Sincethen,theMaison Scipion has become au • impo.wtant grinding and baking establishments, under the direction of M. Salone. In four years it has produced upwards of 20 millions of kilo gramn les of bread, made out of the same weight of corn, proving the truth of Lavoisier's proposition, that a pound of corn should yield a pound of bread, the water used iifmaking the latter being equal to. the weight of the bran separated by grind ing. The Maison Scipion, where all the operations of grinding, kneading, &c., are performed by steam, has opened shops for the sale of its produce in all the principal markets of Paris, and has thus entered into competition with the bakers, who, seeing their privileges thus invaded, have given utterance to loud cot oplaints. But here the question arises, can the bakers prodnce a quality to that of the Maison Scipion , which has the advantage of employing improved methods and machinery not attainable by the trade ? The General Bakehouse not only gets 75 per cent. of flour out of the grain, but obtains it of a superior quality, with all its nutritive elements and its natural flavour, owing to its having been subj ected for a much shorter time to the action of the millstones. Again, by the application of steam, improved bolting and kneading machines are set in motion, by which a double quantity of dough can be produced, the number of workmen remain ing the amine. These advantages being evidently beyond the reach of private bakers, the Prefect of the Seine vr ished to create large baking establish ments in Pa xis, on the model of the Maison Scipion, thus supers e ding the corporation of bakers. The Council of S tate appointed a commission in 1859 to examine the question ; and, the report being unfa vourable, the Prefect of the Seine laid it before a com mission of the Municipal Council, under the presi dency of M. 'Dumas, which drew up another re port in a direc,fly opposite sense ; and it now re mains for the Covernment to decide whether the privileges of the bakers are to be abolished, and the trade throwit open, or the ad system is to be continued or mod ified. On this subject our author enters into some details to show that machinery moved by steam ea .n and ought to be introduced into private establishments, as indeed it has been in two of the first in Paris , where two loaves more are pro duced per sack of flour than in other bakehouses. He likewise proves that the Parisian public is wrong in preferring very white bread to that of ordinary whiteness, since the millers have thereby been induced to devise every means for separating from the flour all those parts which tend to diminish the whiteness of the flour. This can only be ' done by making the corn pass several times through the mill, whereby the flour loses its flavour, and its gluten is deteriorated. The whitest flour, as M. Dumas observes, is that which has lost some of its' useful parts. The outer tegument of corn should alone be separated, and what remains should be used. in its natural state, in order to obtain bread possessing all its nutritive qualities, of an agreeable flavour, and easy of digestion. COUNI BY MARKETS. I." -------- GLOUCESTER—Nev. 9. A good supply of English wheat, which met a steady de mand, at no reduction on last week's prices. Oats inquired for, and the same in value. Barley a very dull trade. In beans and peas no change in price. COLCHESTER—Nov. 9. A moderate supply of wheat, which farmers refused to part with unless an advance of fully is per quarter was conceded. Barley in limited supply; finest samples barely maintain the rates of last week. Beans and peas the turn against the seller. Wheat, white. 54s 6Ss Beans,Mazagext..36s 40s red 46s 64s middle & small.4os 44s Barley Oats CHELMSFORD—Nov. 8. A. fair supply of wheat to-day, the best samples of which realised is over last week's prices, with a middling trade. Beans and peas is per qr dearer in price. Spring corn at late rates. Wheat, old:white...3ls 64s new ..51s 70s old red.-31s 53s new 56s 64s Barley ..28s 39s Chevalier .......29s 40s Grinding 25s 34s Malt 6ls 67s Chevalier . 64s 69s' Oats 23s 30s Yeas, Partridge- 37s 41s White 39s 45s Boiling 4ls 47s Dun 36s 40s Ditto new Beans, Tick, old 3Bs 44s new —s Harrow Ticks 4os 46s new —s Mazagan ..36 38a KIRKCALDY GRAIN—Nov. 9. We had fair supplies of grain to .day. Sales slow. Wheat, barley, and oats generally is lower than last mar ket day. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First ....44s Od l 27s Od 20s Od Second:..s B s Od 35 s Od 28s Od Third ....68s Od 37s Od 30s Od BIRTHS. ATTCHISON.—On the 11th inst., at 4, Devonshire-place, Portland. place W., the wife of General Sir John Aitchi son,Loifndasasoy, son. LINDSAY.—On at Deer.park, the Lady Fran cesSTEIVART.—On the Bth inst., at Bray, the wife of Colonel D. M. Stewart, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. CHURCH—EALES.—On the 9th inst., at St. James's, Pad dington, Adolphus Edgar Church, Esq., of Colchester, solicitor, to Mary Elizabeth, only daughter of the late E. D, 0. Eales, Esq., of Calcutta. MELLO—BROWNE.—On the 6th inst., at St. Pancras, H. J. Mello, 8.A., second son of William Mello, Esq., of Chadwell, Ware, Harts, to Ada Charlotte, the seventh daughter of the Rev. James Caulfield Browne, D.C.L., vicar of Dudley. DEATHS. AVBERTIN.—On the 9th inst., at the Parsonage, Chipstead, Surrey, the Rev. Peter Aubertin, rector, aged 87. IvrouN.—On theinst., at Edinburgh, Mrs. Ivan. Keir, relic", of Roger Aytoun, Esq., Director of Chan cery, Scotland. BUTTERWORTI-I.—On the Bth inst., at Wilton Polygon, Cheetham-hill, Manchester, Joseph Heape Butterworth, Esq. HAWKINS.—On the 9th inst., at the residencear of his sister, Prenchay, Gloucestershire, S ir John Caes llawkins, Bart., aged 80. SEARS.—On the 9th inst., at Dartford, Kent, John Sears, Esq., aged 90. TODD.—On the 4th inst., A n thony Maddison Todd EEn , of Clement's-lane, Lombard -street. LONDON : Printed and Published by 3IURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TUE SUN Ofllee, No. 112,Straud In the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of Middlesex TueridaY, November 12, 1861,