The Sun. — London, England, 1861-01-21 00:00:00

THE NAVY the Princess Royal, 91, screw, has been brought do wn Portsmouth Harbour, and berthed alongside tae dockyard, in readiness for commission. The Bulldog, 6, paddle, Commander Henry F. 11‘Killop, is filling up her complement of coal alongside the Malabar depot, in Portsmouth Har bour, before proceeding to Spithead. C apt. G. F. Gordon, commanding the steam ordi nary at Portsmouth, has resumed his duties on return from leave of absence. The Royal yachts Victoria and Albert and the Osborne, in the steam basin at Portsmouth, are being caulked in their outside planking and making good other defects, the results of their Madeira voyage. The Euryalus, 51, screw, has a large number of hands engaged upon her in No. 8 dock in Ports mouth yard, completing her poop and making good her necessary repairs. She will be got out of dock as soon as possible, it being required for other yes. eels. The following is from the Bermuda Royal Gazette of Dec. 18, 1860 : " The line-of-battle ship Nile, Capt. E. K. Bar nard, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Milne, the naval Commander-in-Chief on the North American and West Indian station, arrived here on Tuesday morning last, December 11, from Halifax, which place she left on the previous Thursday. The Nile was saluted es she came up the Channel, and prior to her taking up her moorings at Grassy Bay. We regret to learn that a sad accident took place on board on the day of her arrival, when mooring, which caused the death of two seamen, named Joseph Caine and George Lowman. Two others wore seriously injured, and 14, including Lieut. Trotter, were more or less contused, but are pro. greasing favourably." The iron paddle-wheel steam vessel Triton, Lieut. Burton in command, was on Saturday paid off at Woolwich, the officers and crew receiving a large portion of their prize money, in addition to their arrears of ordinary pay—namely, the award of three out of the six slavers captured by the Triton, the whole of which aro valued at £26,000. The Lords of the Admiralty, in a letter to the Commo dore•Supelintendent of Woolwich Dockyard, on Saturday, expressed their unqualified satisfaction of the state of the ship, on her arrival from the Coast, and desired it might be made known on the assembling of the ship's company before their dis- pers • al The Triton is the first ship supplied with Clifford's patent boat-lowering gear, which is now becomirg general throughout the service, 350 vessels of the Royal Navy having been already fitted with that syetem, as a certain method of lowering and disengaging the boats without endan gering the lives of the crew in cases of hasty emergency. Her Majesty's iron screw steam troopship Magwra, Commander Henderson, has arrived a!on g side the Royal Arsenal pier, at Woolwich, for the embareation of the Ist brigade Royal Artillery, for Gibraltar. A portion of her crew and Marines were granted leave on Saturday until this morning at 12 o'clock, when they will commence shipping the military baggage. The embarcation of the troops is ordered for to morrow, and the sailiig from Woolwich to take place on the following day at early tide. The screw steam transport Peninsula arrived at the Arsenal pier on Saturday, and, having embarked 110 tons of war stores for Gibraltar, sailed for her deFtination. The Elizabeth, sailing vessel, is shipping a cargo of military stores from Woolwich Arsenal, likewise for Gibraltar. The work of the shipwrights and engineers on the screw steamship Donegal, 101, Captain Henry Broadhead, at Devonport, will be completed about the 28th inst. Nearly all her maindeck guns are landed. The capstan of the screw steam frigate Emerald, 51, Captain Arthur Cumming, at Devonport, is defective. With the exception of the boat's davits, the re- pairs of the paddlewheel steam sloop Spiteful, 6, Commander Wilson, at arrouport. are complete. The iron screw steam troopship Megwrit, 6, Com mander Samuel H. Henderson, is expected to touch at Plymouth to complete with coal. The War Depat tment stew rn vessel Lord Prnnanre is receiving old stores at Devonport for conveyance to Woolwich. The sailing sloop Arachne, lent to the Electric Telegraph Company for the reception of the tele• graphic cable from the stranded steamship Queen Victoria, in Parnpool, Plymouth, was to wed on Saturday by the tug Zephyr to Keyham steamyard, with the remainder of the cable. The screw steam sloop Desperate, 8, Commander T. F. Ross, from Portsmouth, arrived at midnight on Friday at Plymouth, and, having embarked supernumeraries and officers on Saturday morning, left the Sound in the afternoon under canvass for the Mediterranean. The shipwrights in the Devonport Dockyard are fully occupied on the screw steamship Albion, 90, and the frigate Constance, 51. They have com menced planking the Royalist, 11, in No. 1 slip. Preparations arc making is shed No. 2 for the re ception of the keel of the screw steam sloop A ':rican, 11, which will be laid down shortly; this shed has been considerably lengthened, and the roof over the lengthened part is nearly finished. Very little progress is making with the Robust, 91. The per pendiculars and floor timbers of the Ister, 36, are in place. The lower part of the Ocean, 91, is in frame. The screw steamship Royal Albert, 121, Captain Henry Lacon, was placed on Saturday alongside the sheer hulk Kent in Hamosze, when her masts and bowsprit were taken out, and she was towed to her moorings. The following appointments were made on Satur day at the Admiralty; Lieut. Henry Rogers to the Cossack ; Dr. William J. Baird, surgeon, to the Spiteful; Henry It. J. Pearch, second-master, to the Rhadamanthus ; and John S. Moore, assistant paymaster, to the Sanspareil, as secretary's clerk. THE ARMY. The garrison order iiss;ed a few days back by Major-General Eyre, commanding the Chatham district, inviting the officers and troops of the gar rison to enter into a subscription for the relief of the unparalleled amount of distress at present existing, has been responded to in a most liberal spirit by all ranks in the service connected with the garrison. A committee, composed of officers and clergymen connected Nvith ti,e army, has been appointed to receive the donations of the officers and men, the commanding officers of the vatiq ls corps heading the lists with liberal subscriptions. The subscription has not been confined to the troops stationed in the barracks and huts, but the invalid soldiers at the general hospital, Fort Pitt, have likewise intimated their wish to subscribe, and during a few days upwards of £lO was col lected from the medical officers and patients at that establishment. The members of the Army Hospital Corps Com mission, having completed their preliminary in quiries at Chatham garrison, have notified their intension of visiting the headquarters of the corps at Fort Pitt to-morrow morning, when they will make a complete inspection of that largo hospital, arid also receive evidence in order to ascertain the working of the corps at that establishment. The expectation that the proposed new barracks st Colchester will shortly be commenced has been confirmed by tho fact that the plans prepared by the IVar-offico have been sent down for the inspec tion of the local military authorities, who have returned them after examination. The construction of the barracks is expected to o ccupy a b out 18 months. The General Commanding-in-Chief has been pleased to appoint Brevet-Lieut.-Col. Laye, of the 4th depot battalion, to the 9th depot battalion, at the camp at Colchester. Lieut.-Col. Laye served in New Zealand in 1816-7, and in 1855 joined the Staff in Turkey,being appointed assistant military secretary to Lord. William Panlet. Staff-Surgeon Webb has taken charge of the 9th battalion, in exchange with Staff-Surgeon Scott. An order has been issued by the military autho rities that an extra blanket shall be issued to each man of the troops stationed at Portsmouth and Weymouth for use during the present inclement weather. An extra allowance of fuel has also been ordered to be issued to the troops stationed at Gosport. The alarming increase in the number and nature of the crimes recently committed by soldiers con• netted with Chatham garrison within the adjoining borough of Rochester formed the subject of inquiry by the mayor and magistrates of that city at the Guildhall on Saturday afternoon. For several weeks past a Court for the transaction of magiste rial business has been scarcely once held at Roches ter but one or more soldiers have been charged before the magistrates with offences committed within the city, and on Saturday out of seven pri soners brought before the mayor and magistrates five were soldiers, three of whom were charged with having committed a burglary, and also attempting to commit a second burglary at a watch maker's the same night, while one of the other sol diers charged was proved to have been a convict who had completed his term of transportation, and who admitted after he was arrested that he was out of barracks with the intention of perpetrating a burglary that night. From the inquiry instituted by the magistrates as to the cause of the alarming increase in the number of military offaices within their jurisdiction, it transpired that until recently the pickets despatched every evening from the garrison were in the habit of patrolling the streets of Rochester, as well as Chatham, until a late hour each night, when every soldier found absent from barracks without leave after a certain hour was arrested and confined. For some cause, the reason for which was not stated to the magistrates, the pickets have recently been wholly withdrawn from Rochester, and, as a consequence, some of the very worst characters known to be in the army now resort to the city after nightfall in order to carry on their depredations, of course enjoying comparative immu uity from the absence of the pickets, and throwing an additional amount of labour on the borough police force. It was also stated to the magistrate that numbers of soldiers, many of the most desperate character, are indiscriminately granted leave of absence from barracks for the night, and in proof of which it appeared that two of the solEers that day charged with burglary had passes on them when apprehended, which permitted them to remain out of barracks the whole night. The magistrates at the c'ose of the inquiry directed the chief officer of police to lay a statement of the facts which had transpired before Major-Gen. Eyre, commanding the forces at Chatham, and intimated that unlers something were done to lessen the number of offences by the military within the city they should feel it their duty to lay the matter before the Home Secretary. LAUNCH OF THE LLAN.DET.DSO LIFEBOAT. Seldom has any to wn in North Wales witnessed such an inspiring pageant as that which delighted the inhabitants of the modern ",Queen of the Sea" on Tuesday last, in honour of the launch of the splendid lifeboat, presented on behalf of two philan thropic ladies, by the Royal National Lifeboat In stitution. The munificent gift arrived at the railway station on the previous day, when immediate steps were taken for launching her with befitting eclat to the noble mission on which she came. At noon on Tuesday the town wore quite a holi day aspect. The shops were closed, business being suspended for the day; and from windows and turrets floated a liberal display of flags and banners, while the inhabitants, in festive attire, thronged the station esplanade, the place chosen for marshal ling the procession. There, mounted oa her car riage, was the lifeboat, gaily decked in a fal: suit of bunting, with the British ensign at the main, hav ing her gallant crew on board. The 7th Carnarvon shire Volunteer Rifles, under the command of Capt. Edwards and Lieut. Farrant, were present as a guard of honour. The guard comprised, with the others,EnsignDarbishire's division from Pendyffren. A team of caparisoned waggon horses:were yoked to the carriage, and the procession, amid high and hearty acclaim, began to move, followed by a train of many carriages, the postilion leading on foot, and arcer them an immenEe concourse of spectators. The procession made a detour through th e leading thoroughfares, and arriving at a central point of the beach in front of the Crescent, the earring° WW3 baukell down to the water's edge. Prior to the boat being launched the assemblage joined in the service for the occasion, conducted by the rev. in cumbent. An appropriate hymn was first kairg, after which the rev. incumbent proceeded with part of the 124th Psalm and a suitable prayer. Lady Augusta Mostyn was then presented with the bottle of wine, which was suspended to the stern, and naming the boat the Sisters' Memorial, her ladyship gave the signal:for launching. At the tiller stood a gallant sailor, who had lost his arm, and as the vessel left the shore her rudder un shipped, but the accident served only to show how speedily such mishaps may ba remedied ; the one armed coxswain threw himself along the quarter tank, and in a trice shipped the helm. The sea came into the bay in a heavy roll, with a strong north-west blowing, which gave the spectators some idea of the boat's seaworthiness, and the abi lity of her gallant crew, as they speedily righted her on mounting to the top from the trough ,of the wave. The Rev. the Vicar of CONWAY, by the invita tion of his brother clergyman, then addressed the assembled concourse. The eloquent clergyman observed :—We are engaged in a blessed work. The very name of it—a lifeboat—warms our hearts. We hear every day of inventions for the destruction of life, here are means for the preservation of life. Look at the ocean before U 3 ; even now it wears a sullen frown, and a little more would lash it into: fury. You have seen ere now, its waves ascending mountain high, and dashing against your very doors—you have seen whatever vessels chanced to be within your view, driven on those jagged rocks or engulfed in the treacher ous sand. You have heard cries from the riggings of these ill-fated vessels which have pierced your very. hearts. At such a moment, what would you not have given for the means of rescuing your fel low beings from a watery grave ? But no lifeboat was at hand. The whole coast from Penmaenmawr to Llandudno was one blank, offering no friendly response to the cry of distress. But that God, who brings good out of evil, did even by the awful catas trophe, which happened on the coast of Anglesey by the loss of the Royal Charter, awake us to a sense of duty. Probably no lifeboat there would have proved of any avail, but we were led to think, what it might effect under other circumstances. Accordingly steps were instantly taken to secure what had been so long required—a lifeboat for this coast. That noble institution in London—the Na tional Lifeboat Institution—promptly furnished every requisite information and aid to the com mittee which was here formed; and two sisters of mercy, in the truest sense of the word, deter mined that the memory of a departed sister should not be only perpetuated by stone or marble, but by living monuments—by the grateful hearts not only of rescued seamen, but by fathers, mothers,brothers and sisters like themselves ; and if the spirit of the departed sister be allowed to look down on earthly seelies, we fondly trust that it sympathises with us in the work of this day; And in regard to the ex cellent lady, who is beloved and esteemed by all who know her, and who has this day kindly con sented to name the boat as " The Sisters' Memo rial," must we not feel that she will derive a double satisfaction from the good work she has performed when she reflects that this precious gift is the tri bute of sisterly affection. And now you gallant crew, how, we envy the work you have taken on yourselves—arduous and perilous as it is—can there he a more glorious one ? Can there be one requiring more hardy courage ? When launched will the be tempest fixed no r see upon on the foaming ocean amidst th e roar i ng artillery of heaven, you will neither h ear see the lightning, for your 70 0 1 1 , whence th e cry o f vi , distress r s e m s s a small r d o a c r e k e d i s. )iarlntdju 'beforeo will strain every nerve to reach it. And when you have received into your ark of safety those who have long been between life and death, and are now well nigh exhausted with anguish and despair, with buoyant hearts you will retrace your course to the desired shore, and when you have deposited there your precious charge in safety, and hear from them the heartfelt excla mation, " Thank God we are saved," you will then have your reward. After rowing some time in the surf, the crew re turned, and the boat was speedily brought ashore. The Sisters' Memorial is one of the R.N. Institution's best double-banked lifeboats. " God save the Queen" having been sung with much animation, the interesting proceedings of the day were brought to a close. The cost (£200), as has been said, is defrayed by two ladies resident in Liverpool, in memory of a departed sister. A commodious and su b s t an ti a l house, has been built for the reception of th e life boat, iher stores, and carriages. In fact, there is probably not a more complete lifeboat's establish ment on the whole coast than that now at Llan dudno. Mt SUN, ILONDOI4, 11101 1 / 4 1DAY .6 1 v ENING, JANUARY 21, 1861. THE DISRUPTION OF THE UNTO AS IT WOULD AFFECT EATGLAED. (From the Economist) We last week promised our readers that we would take the earliest opportunity of considering. the bearing of the dissolution of the American Re public on the interests of our country, both political and commercial. We will suppose that matters will go on as they have begun—that the other Slave States will join South Carolina ) and that a Southern Slave-holding Confederation will be formed as an independent nation,prepared to enter into relations with other States. The first question that arises is, " Will England recognise the independen ce an d sovere i gn t y o f th e new State ?" The natural and spontaneous answer is, of course, in the affirmative. Our principle is, and has long been, to recognise and enter into ami cable relations with all de. facto States and Govern meats. The moment the severance is complete and admitted, we have no concern either with antecedent causes or proceedings. But here a difficulty arises. What is our actual relation to the new Republic ? Is the whole Union dissolved, or has there merely been a separation of a portion of it ? Are our treaties and engagements with both sections of the Union dissolved by the dissolution of the Union itself ? or do they still hold with the North as with the original body with which they were made? Do the Southern States, in seceding, still remain bound by the engagements entered into by the Confederation of which they formed a part at the date !of those engagements ? Or will they hold themselves liberated from all foreign contracts by the same act which has severed them from their domestic connexion. These are somewhat difficult questions for inter national jurists to decide. Probably, as far as re gards the Northern States, they whl continue to call and consider themselves as still the United States, and as holding their former position and treaties—none the less that they have lost a por tion of their territory. The real, immediate practi cal problem that lies across our path is this— " Will the Southern Confederated States con sider themselves bound by those mutual en gagements as to abstinence from and suppression of tho olarc txwdc , cuteied Into and still subsist ing between the United States and Great Britain ?" Probably not—since one of their chief motives for seceding is to be able to renew the slave trade. If they hold themselves freed, we do not know how we can bind them, or make themselves regard themselves as bound. But supposing our diplomacy were able to obtain this point, the only consequence would be that they would give us formal notice of their intention to abrogate those treaties and engagements Otter a certain date. We might remonstrate ; we might negotiate ; but we do not know that we could refuse to accept such notice. The peactical shape, therefore, in which the ques tion will come before us is this :—" Shall we recog nise their independent sovereignty, without requiring as a condition that they shall renew and observe the anti-slave trade treaties which subsist with their Northern brethren, or even accept more stringent ones ?" Doubtless we shall endeavour, and in consistency and as a matter of duty ought to endeavour, to make this condition ; since we cannot shat our eyes to their notorious and avowed design of reviving the abominable traffic, and to pretend to do so would be to surrender the most passionately and pertinaciously pursued object of our national policy. We shall urge upon them that the trade is prohibited by international agreement and by municipal law in every civilised nation in the world, and that we can recognise and treat with no nation as civilised which persists in upholding it. They will, of course, refuse to accept such a condi tion, as it would defeat one of their principal pur poses, and will insist on unconditional recognition. What are we to do, then ? It might seem that we are simply helpless in the matter. Three courses are open to us—none of them entirely satisfactory. We may recognise their independence at once, in accordance with our usual practice; and, when we have done so, may proceed to make the best terms that we can as to the anti-slave-trade treaties. But this course, though the simplest and easiest, would be very painful to our feelings of humanity, for we cannot disguise from our selves that it would be nearly equivalent to unconditional surrender. Or, secondly, we may forma'ly refuse to recognise them, and abstain from all diplomatic intercourse with them unless or until they shall consent to abstain from and prohibit the slave trade; bat it is scarcely recessery that this negative proceeding would bring them to terms, as it would not prevent commercial intercourse, and wou'd at most inflict some trifling inconveniences wh:ch might be felt es much on one side as on the other. If we choose slightly to vary our course and to ignore the fact of their separation, and to con tinue to regard and treat them as still part of the United States (which wou:d be rather a childish mode of action), e'l that we could gain k would be the right of forwaedi ig formal rernons:rarces, as against a violation of existing engagements, in case of any of their citizens being discovered to be engaged in the slave trade—remonstrances which they would of course disregard, and which the treaties give us no right of following up by any active measures. Or, again, we may take up the matter in a high-handed way, and, white refusing our recogniion of their independent national exist ence, treat any of their citizens whom we detect in carrying slaves as pirates, sailing under ro known flag, and protected by the nationality of no knowa State. As to the advisability of so decided a pro ceeding, we will not yet offer an opinion. But there is a fourth and a preferable alternative—viz., a cordial agreement between ourselves and the Northern Federation to prevent the renewal of the traffic at all hazards and by all means. Such cordial agreement may now 'oe attainable, but, even with it, we must bring our forcible interference within the limits of international morality and usage, by procuring from all other civi!ised nations a coo sentaneous declaration rendering the slave trade, like piracy, a crime against humanity and the world's law. and, as such, punishable by any wit ness and pursuer. Apart from this perplexing question, we see no reason for anticipating that a severance of the Union, once effected peaceably and without catastrophe, will be in any way injurious to Great Britain. Oa the contrary, we are not sure that it may not indirectly be rather bene ficial than otherwise. In the first place, we may expect that America will be some what less aggressive, less insolent, and less irritable than she has been. Instead of one vast State, actirg on every foreign question corn toto corpore regin, we shall have two, with different objects and interests, and by no means al ways disposed to act in concert or in cordiality. Instead of one, showing an encroaching and somewhat bull), ing front to the rest of the world, we shall have two, showing some tiing ot the same front to each other. Each will be more occupied with its immediate neighbour, and therefore less inclined to quarrel with more distant nations. Then, too, for some time at least, that inordinate, though most natural sense of tin t ivalled prosperity and power, which swelled so flatulently and disturbingly in the breast of every citizen of the great Transatlantic Republic, will receive a salutary check. Their demeanour is likely to become somewhat humbler and more rational, and it will therefore be easier to maintain amicable and tranquil relations with thorn than it has been. In place, too, of Europe being obliged to watch and thwart their annexing tendencies the two federa tions will probably exercise this sort of moral police over each other. Neither of them will look with much complacence on the annexation of States or territories which will add power and dominion to the other, and so disturb their relative equilibrium. Unprincipled and reckless Southerners, like Mr. Buchanan, may talk of seizing on Mexico, Nicara gua,and Cuba; unprincipled and in Rated Northerners, like Mr. Seward, may talk of seizing on Canada; but there will be some hope that we may leave them to each others' mutual control, and smile at the villa nous cupidities of both. With the Northern Federa tion, too, we may look to maintaining more cordial relations than we have often heretofore been able to do; not only will the embarrassing question of slavery, which has caused so much righteous indig nation on our side and so much bitter resentment and irritation on theirs, be for ever removed from between us. but the immediate and marked improve ment which we may look for in the tone and work ing, if not in the form of the institutions of the North, when Southern Democracy, complicated as it has been with slavery, shall have ceased to poison and de grade them, can scarcely fail to bring them more into harmony with English feeling, because to command more of English confidence and respect. The more they civilise (they must pardon us the word, for assuredly they are getting rid of a barbarizing ele ment), the more friendly and cordial shall we in evitably grow. But what will be the consequences to Great Bri tain, in a commercial point of view, of the disrup tion of the Union, if that disruption should be accom panied by war, and should be followed (as in that case would be not improbable) by such a general , insurrection of the slave population as would inter rupt for a longer or a shorter period the growth of cotton in the Southern States ? This catastrophe would be so terrible, its accompaniments so shock ing, and its results everywhere and in every way so deplorable, that we most earnestly pray that it may be averted ; but the danger of it, if a civil con flict does break out, is so obvious and so imminent that it would be simple folly to shut our eyes to so possible a contingency. How, then, would it affect this country ? ; It is not easy to over-estimate the extent or gravity of the consequence to Great Britain of a cessation, or even of any large or sudden diminution, of the supply of cotton from the United SI ates. But ex en in facing a danger of such vast and admitted mag nitude, it is impertart to be exact as to our facts and reasonings, and to avoid all nreaggerated ter rors. Let us recall to our reader's minds the preclsd bearing of the case. The cotton manufacture, from first manipulation of the raw material to the last finish bestowed upon it, constitutes the employment and furnishes the sustenance of the largest portion of the population Of taneashire, North Cheshire, and Lanarkshire, of a considerable number in Der byshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, and York shire, and of scattered individuals in several other parts of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The actual number of hands directly employed was stated by M'Culloch in 1854 to be rather more than 500,000 ; there can be no doubt that it now greatly exceeds this figure; and if we take into account the sub sidiary trades and occupations, coal mines, ma chine works, &c., and add the unemployed families of the workmen, we may safely assume that nearer 4,000,000 than 3,000,000 are dependent for their daily bread on this branch of our industry. The total aggregate value of British produce and manufactures exported in 1859 was £130,440,000 ; of this sum cotton goods and yarns constituted £48,200,000, or more than one-third, Of this sum the United States took £4,635,000. Let us now see to what extent we are dependent on the United States for our supply of the raw material for all this enormous production. Many countries contribute to our consumption, but none so largely as North America. In ordinary years she supplies us with about three-fourths of our con sumption; and we take off more than half her pro duction. During the last four years of which we have full accounts, 1857-1860, our consumption was, of all sorts, 9,062,700 ; of the United States' cotton, 7,140,000 bales, or rather more than 77 per cent. But although we usually receive 75 per cent. of our supplies from North America, we must not con found this with being actually dependent upon that country for this amount. The practical question,— if we wish to measure the precise degree of dearth to which we should be subjected in case of the American supply being interrupted,—is, what pro portion of our supply could we, under the pressure of high prieeg, and stimulated mercantile enterprise, obtain from other quarters ? To answer this ques tion we must look back for exceptional years. It is true that the West Indies send us little, and send us all they grow. Brazil and Egypt might send us somewhat increased supplies, especially by send , ing less to the Continent. India can send us a very much larger amount than she really does, because vast quantities are always grown, and they are shipped here or consumed at home according to the ruling prices of the year. Now we find that in one year (1857) when the crop in the United States fell shoat. India sent us 680,000 bales, and other quarters 255,000* • while America supplied only 1,482,000 ba'es. it will, therefore, we taiek, be fair and moderate to assume that under such extraordinary pressure and inducements as would be presented by a cessation of the Atherican supply, we should be able to obtain from India, Egypt, Brazil, and miscellaneous quarters, at least one-third more than we did in 1857,—0r a total supply of about 1,200,000 bales. Now, in 1859 our actual consump tion (after deducting re-exports) was 2,300,000 bales ; and in 1860 (an extraordinary year) 2,630,000 bales. The extreme effect, therefore, of an entire cessation of the production of cotton in America would appear to be this—that our mills would have to work about half time, as long as the dearth lasted in full intensity. What would be :the effect on wages and on profits—whether the manufac turers would gain half profits, or no profits at all, and whether the workpeople would still earn half wages, or less or more than half—would, of course, depend upon the question whether the scarcity of the manufactured article raised its price in the same or in a greater or a smaller ratio than the scarcity of the raw material raised its price—a matter as to which conjecture would be simply idle, The result upon our exports it is equally impossible to predict. Very possibly the home market might takeoff a larger proportion of the total production than here tofore ; if it did not, and if we exported half the quantity we usually do, the probability is that the price of this quantity would be so largely enhanced as to leave the aggregate value of our cotton ex ports not far short of its present amount. The in fluence on the shipping trade would of course be great—freights would necessarily fall. We have stated what in our judgment—and apart from the possible effects of panic—wi'l be the extreme effect of the worst that can ensue (viz., an entire stoppage of cotton cultivation in America) on our chief branch of national industry. It is serious enough, no doubt, and may well cause grave uneasiness to all concerned—and who is not directly or indirectly implicated ?—in the prosperity of the cotton manufacture.- But we may anticipate that the effects we have described will in actual opera tion be mitigated by degrees in various ways. In the first place a great stimulus will be given to the already awakened activity of our merchants in pro curing supplies the raw material from quarters that are only now just beginning to be thought of, but whence, under sufficient pressure, considerable quantities might before long be procured. Thus, we know by experiment that excellent cotton of the Sea Island. descriptions can be grown in Australia. The small shipments of the article that have fro at time to time been forwarded to this country frarn Port Natal resemble in quality the production of the United States much more closely than do those from either Egypt, India, or South America. The same observation willapply to the sample, bales which have been received from the West Coast of Africa. From both these quarters there is reason to believe that, under the stimulus of high prices, considerable quantities might be procured as soon as a regular traffic could be set ox foot and means of transport be procured. It has lately become known that cotton is largely grown in the interior, and is even manufactured there ; and adequate in ducements would no doubt persuade the natives not only to grow more for our use, but to sell instead of manufacturing much of what is already grown. In a few years, too, considerable quantities might again be procured from Asia Minor, as was the case formerly. " Smyrna cotton" was once well known in the trade, and some is stall imported. In the se.•ond place, a considerable economy in the consumption of the raw material would be at once effected, under the influence of a high rate of prices, by a general tendency among manufacturers towards the production of the finer fabrics. Most mills have a range of potent,:al production (without any alteration in their machinery) of at least 30 per cent.—often more. Manufacturers who now use weekly 100 bales could easily, by turning to finer fabrics, reduce their consumption to 70 or 75 bales. Those articles into which the raw material enters most largely would, of course, be those which rela tively would be most enhanced in price, and for which therefore, the demand would be most cur tailed. " Domestics," as they are called, o: strong cotton cloths and shirtings, and coarse yarns would be discouraged ; and, as their price approached more nearly to that of linen and woollen fabrics, would ibe to a considerable extent superseded by them. This wsuld cause an increase in the produc tion of these later articles, and a consequent in creased demand for workpcople, and by this process a considerable number of the hands thrown out of work in the cotton trade would be absorbed, and the suffering to the operatives, though not the loss to the masters, would be greatly mitigated. These palliatives would no doubt be a work of time, but they would begin to operate immediately ; and in coaclusion it must be remembered that, though we have preferred to consider the case is reference to a total cessation of cotton production in North America, yet such a total cessation, even in the event of negro insurrection and a servile war, is scarcely to bo apprehended. In Texas already a considerable amount of cotton is grown by free labour, and on many isolated plantations production would most probably continue—at all events for a time. As to the consequences of the severance of the Union on our trade with North America, in case the severance is peaceably effected and no extensive slave insurrection ensue, we do not apprehend that any material change will be felt, as soon as the monetary derangement shall have subsided, and the existing organization of draughts and payments shall have been modified as far as is necessary to meet the altered circumstances. We shall of course continue to receive from the planting States all the cotton that we wish to buy and that they have to sell. Our exports will not probably be much, if at all affected. It is probable that the Northern States will raise their tariff as much as the Southern States lower theirs; we shall send more manufac tures to New Orleans, and less to New York than we do now. What would be the consequences to our aggregate commeree with America of a general negro insurrection, or of negro emancipation, it is idle to speculate and impossible to estimate. It is true that a considerable part of this was re-ex ported ; but we have assumed, as the most probable result, that in such a peremptory demand as the case supposes, we should retain all we import, our necessities being more imperious than those of any other country, [ADVERTISEMENT.] - Holloway's Pills. Sceptics Silenced.—Many persons who have doubted the wonderful curative and purifying powers of these pills, and afterwards witnessed the beneficial effect produced by them in diseases of the digestive organs, have been coutrained to admit their efficiency, have adopted them as their own domestic aperient, and graciously recommended them to friends. Holloway's pills act primarily on the stomach, which they thoroughly invigorate . they then exercise a most whole some influence over the liver, from which they immediately remove any congestion or temporary stagnation of the bile or blood. The discovery of these pills was indeed a triumph I How much sadness and sorrow have they banished? Holloway's pills have relieved thousands from habitual pain and confirmed ill health, 11.13 CENT MILLS AND BEQUESTS. The will of the Right Hon. Lady Amelia Need ham, of Datchet House, Bucks, who died at Wind sor on Dec. 25, was proved in London on the Bth insLi by H. F. Bristowe, Esq., of Lincoln's-inn, the sole executor. This lady, who is highly connected, being the daughter of the late Earl of Kilmory, and sister to the present earl, has left her property . to her sister and nieces, her ladyship being unmarried and has appointed her niece, Lady Selina Needham, residuary legatee. The ic.statrix has not been un mindful of the poor of Datchet, having ',bequeathed the sum of £5O for their benefit. The will of Lady Maxwell, relict of Sir C. W. Maxwell, late of Chester-street, Belgrave square, who died at George-street, Bathwick, Bath, on 17th Nov. last, was proved in London on the 7th inst. Lady Maxwell disposes of her property to her sister nephews, and recces, bequeathing amongst then various arcles of costly jewellery and plate, and appointing her sister residuary legatee. 'f he will of Alderman Sir G. Carroll, Kni., was proved in the London Court of Probate on the 101 i inst., and the personalty sworn under £120,000. The executors nominated are his relict and Joseph Maynard, Esq., of Coleman-street. The NS ill bears date April 6, 1859. Sir G. Carroll died suddenly, on the 18th December last, at the advanced age of 77. He was well known in the City from his former extensive business as a stockbroker, and being very prominent as a member of the cor poration of the City of London, having attended with great assiduity and vigilance to the corporate affairs. S'.r George served the various offices of Sheriff, Alderman, and ultimately of Lord Mayor. The testator's will contains the following disposi tions :—He bequeaths to his widow a life interest in his entire property, subject to the payment of cer tain legacies and charitable bequests; to his son-in law, the Rev. H. E. C. Cobden, M.A.. Rector of Lambley, Notts, he leaves a life interest in the sum of £lO,OOO, and on the decease of this gentleman, the principal is directed to be paid to the testator's grandch 4 idren, who also, on the decease of Lady Carroll, take the entire residue of the estate. There is a legacy of £5,000 to his great nephew, Horace Tahourden, and also one of £l,OOO to his executor. Sir George has contributed the sum of £5OO to each of two institutions, one of them being the most pro minent of our city charities—we allude to St. Bar tholemew's Hospital ; the other gift is to he Asy lum for Idiots.— Illustrated London News. _RELIEF OF THE POOR AT THE THAMES POLICE COURT. On Saturday immense numbers of poor and hun gry people thronged to the Thames police-court to obtain relief from the poor-box fund, and, owing to the munificent contributions forwarded to the magistrates from all parts of the met: opolis and from mart' in the country, nearly 3,000 persons were assisted in the course of the day. Many urgent cases were relieved in the morning. At four o'clock the gates of the large yard between the court and station-house were thrown open, and a tremendous rush took place. About 1,500 were admitted into the yard and as many remained outside. The people gener ally were very orderly, but the eagerness of others Was manifested by their occasionally rushing towards the doors of the court, only to be driven back by the police, whose duties were of the most l i arduous description, and executed with firmness combined with forbearance and good humour. Mr. Howie, superintendent, and Messrs. Hayes, Griffin, and Allison, inspectors of the R division, imposed some excellent regulations for the admission of the numerous applicants into the court. Those pro vided with the printed forms issued by the Court and filled up by gentlemen, lay and clerical, in the district, were admitted into the court, where Mr. Selfe presided, all the officers having deserted him to attend on Mr. Livingston, the chief usher of the court. Mr. George Gowland, of the firm of Walton and Gowland, Ratcliff-cross, volunteered his services, watch were readily accepted, and he ably assisted the magistrate in dispensing relief until nearly mid night. Inquiries were made relating to the family, cause of distress, and other circumstances, of every one, and the money awarded by the magistrate was handed to each person by Mr. Gowland. About 500 persons were presented with small sums, the lowest being as., and the highest, where the case was a peculiarly distressing one, 10s. One woman, with a sickly baby in her arms, said it was five months old, that her husband was very ill at home, was 83 years of age, and she had four other little ones to maintain. Another woman, with en infant in her arms, said it was her second child, and that her husband, who was ill and out of work, was only 18 years of age. In answer to the inquiry addressed by the magistrate to many women, " What is the matter with your husband and child ren ?" " They are ill for want of food," was the reply in numerous instances; and Mr. Gowland vouched for the fact that in many houses containing families, which he had visited in Ratcliff, neither food, household furniture, or fuel were to be seen. Mr. Livingston relieved upwards of 2,000 starving men and lads. No working man received less than 25., many 33., others 45., and about 100 ss. each. The &lief lusher and brother officers, Denny, Taplin, Kent, Martin, and Smith, only discontinued their work of charity when all the silver they could obtain was exhausted, and about 250 collected in the street were necessarily sent away empty handed. A vast amount of goods has been effected by Mr. Yardley and Mr. Selfe during the past week. The two gentlemen differ as to the mode of dispensing the funds of the benevolent—both, however, are actuated by the most humane and honourable feel ings, and have not been sparing of their time or their attention to the really deserving poor in the course of the winter. Mr. Selfe was repeatedly interrupted in the discharge of his magisterial duties by applications from clergymen of the Church of England, dissenting ministers, Roman Catholic priests, and deputations from district committees, for assistance out of the ample funds sent to the court by the benevolent, and which continued to flow in the whole of Saturday from eight o'clock in the morning until midnight . Mr. Selfe was com pelled at last to state that tae regular business of the court had been so often interrupted that in future he should not hear any applications which had refezence to the poor-box fund, whether the applicants were clerical gentlemen or not, until after three o'clock in the afternoon. The magistrate awarded £4O to the Rev. Mr. M‘Giil of Christ Church, Watney-strcet, and better known as the East-end incumbent for the poor in his district, where the sufferings of the people for want of food and fuel have been very great ; £3O to Father Kelly, a Roman Catholic priest of the church of St. Mary and St. Michael, in the Commercial-rord, in addi tion to £3O on Friday; £lO to Father Iltiresnip, of Poplar, in addition to a like sum on Friday ; £lO to the Rev. Mr. S - nicox Lea, of Trinity Church, Stepney, who came very early to the court, in addi tion to £lO on Friday; £25 to the Rev. Mr. Cay, the minister now in charge of the parish church of St. George-in-the-East; £lO to the Rev. Mr. Athertor, of St. James's Church, Ratcliff, and £5 to the Rev. J. Brown, Presbyterian minister. The magistrate has altogether awarded to the clergy of different sects in the district about £5OO, and inti mated that he should expect an account from each as to how and in what manner the money was expended. Mr. Edward Coleman and Mr. R. houghton Thomas, a deputation from the parish of All Saints, Pop'ar, waited on Mr. Selfe, and spid a meeting was held at the Town Hall on Friday, a committee appointed, and subscriptions collected for the relief of the destitute. The distress is the parish, owing to the severity of the weather and want of employ ment, was quite overwhelming. The parish con tained 33,000 souls, and comprised Millwail, Black wall, the Isle of Dogs and Poplar proper, and it had been divided by the committee into ten districts for the purposes of a house to house visitation, and inquirirg into every case of distress. The com mittee were now distributing the funds already collected. Mr. Selfe said this was the sort of organisation for the rclief of the poor which ought to exist in every parish. If organisations had existed similar to this before the winter commenced the public would no doubt avail themselves of them, instead of sending such large sums to the police courts. Local knowledge and local committees of respectable inhabitaffts were infinitely preferable to what police •courts and magistrates could effect. The funds placed at his disposal by the benevolent were so large that he should most willingly give £5O to the Poplar Relief Committee, and he be lieved in doing so he should fulfil the substantial wishes of the donors, who could not expect magis trates to do what was physically impossible. He did his best to carry out the wishes of his charita ble correspondents, but ho had more money than he and his colleague and all the staff of the court could distribute satisfactorily. Mr. Coleman—Poplar is well provided with philanthropic societies, but the poverty of the dis trict is so fearful that they cannot meet it. Mr. Selfe—l have not been able to take stock yet, but if, upon investigation, I can spare you some more money, you shall have it. I should like to retain this amount of cognisance over the amount I give you, as to give an account of the quantity of cases relieved and a fair balance-sheet. Mr. Coleman—Mr. Green, the shipowner, has kindly consented to give away soup to the poor four days in the week. Mr. Selfe hoped the public would stay their cha ritable hands as far as the Thames Police-court is concerned. The benevolent must see that it is bet ter to send their contributions to such committees As the one formed at the Poplar Town-hall, than to magistrates at police-courts, or to any lay or clerical gentleman. I hope the public will not send me any more money, for I am forced to delegate the powers entrusted to me to others. The deputation then withdrew. Mr. Preece, an influential member of the Mile end vestry, applied to Mr. Selfe for a grant from the poor-box fund. There had been a meeting in the westward of the hamlet. It contained 16,000 inhabitants, nearly all poor, and a committee had been formed to collect subscriptions and relieve the poor. Mr. Baddeley, a respectable solicitor, was the treasurer, and tne Rev. Mr. Hill, of St. Phil lip's, Stepney, was on the committee. In the dis tribution of the funds there would be no distinction made as regards colour, country, or creed. Mr. Selfe--That is as it should be. lam sure that any funds with which I entrust you and your committee, Mr. Preece, will be most effectually and justly administered. I will give you £2O. Has onything been done for the poor in the other four wards of the hamlet ? Mr. Preece—Nothing collectively by the vestry men or ratepayers. There have been no meetings and no committees formed. The St. Katherine Dock Company forwarded £4O by a messenger, with a request that it should be given away in small sums by the magistrate, with especial reference to the men in the emp!oy of the company. Mr. Selfe said he did not like to be churlish and send brck any money, - but he thought the Dock Compary could distribute the money among their own d'stressed labourers by their own officers. He sent back the money. wi;ich, however, Mr. Collet, the secretary of the Dock Company brought back to the magistrate, and inducod him to accept it, on the ground that if it was distributed by the company's own officers they would be suspected of partiality. REVISION OF THE FRENCH NAVIGATION LA IFS. (From the Shipping Gazette.) When, towards the close of last November, we assured our readers that a revision of the French Navigation Laws, so far as they affect British shipping, was at hand, we spoke advisedly, and we pointed, in confirmation of our statements, to the urgent appeals of the shipowners of the leading ports of France, made at that time to the head oi the French Government, against the adoption of any such policy ; and while we admitted the pro priety of such appeals, we felt ourselves justified in assuring our readers that, so far as they were de signed to effect any change in the determination of the Emperor, they would be made in vain. Such an assurance was, under the circumstances, easily given, for had our information respecting the intentions of the French Government been less exact than it has proved to be, considerations of the necessities of the French trade, into which we fully entered at the time, and on subsequent occasions, made it apparent that the opening of the French ports must follow, as the necessary conse quence of the removal of prohibitions and the remis sion of import duties involved in the commercial treaty. We do not say that the French government contemplates the immediate abolition of all differen tial duties in favour of French shipping, but we are so satisfied of the intention of the Emperor, that we shall not be surprised any day by the appearance of an imperial decree placing British vessels on a foot ing of equality with French vessels, in an important branch of the French trade from which our ship owners are practically excluded by the operation of the existing system. In which direction this de sirable change will commence remains to be seen. Foreign flags supply already more than one half of the tonnage required in the French foreign trade, under which designation is included the trade be tween France and the British dominions in Europe, the British colonies, and other foreign countries. The French coasting trade is absolutely reserved to French vessels ; and the colonial trade, so strictly, that of 625,252 tons entries and clearances in 1858 but 112 tons were foreign. The French Govern ment, in revising the Navigation Laws of France, will no doubt be guided in the first instance by a consideration of French interests alone, and there is no branch of the French commerce more seri ously affected by the operation of the existing law than the trade between France and her colonies. That it is so has been recently esta blished by the memorial of the merchants and ship owners of Martinique, addressed to the home Government, and praying for a change in those regulations which, by excluding foreign shipping from the ports of that island, have pressed so inju riously upon her commercial prospects. What is true of Martinique is true of every other French colony. We have before us a circular, addressed by a house of eminence in Calcutta to their correspon dents in Liverpool, in which we find it stated that the shipping of coolies for Re-union under the recent treaty with France has commenced—the St Bernard, a British ship, having taken a cargo at 70 rupees a head. This trade will probably be done altogether in British vessels, the French having few, if any, ships adapted to the trade. " But in that case (we quote from the letter referred to), they (i e. British ships) must ballast their lower holds with grain for the. Mauritius, for French vessels alone can import food into the island — unless, indeed the French Navigation Laws are altered in that respect, which is not improbable, as the Bourbonnais are now clamorous for free trade, and for the same advantages as their countrymen enjoy under British rule in the Mauritius." We cannot doubt that the French Government are fully in possession of the opinion of the French colonists at Bourbon and elsewhere; and they who are at all acquainted with the Imperial policy need not be told of the great importance attached by the Emperor to the advancement and prosperity of the French dependencies. He has already liberated the trade with Algeria, and we may be quite sure he knows that the commerce of the out lying colonies demands the adoption of a similar policy in respect to them. It is impossible, with the limited amount of tonnage at the disposal of those colonies, that their commerce can develop, and, as a matter of fact, it has not developed, or at all kept pace with the demand for colonial produce in France. We shall not bo surprised if the Emperor applies himself in the first instance to remedy this state of things, and that the first extensive breach in the French Navigation Laws will be made in favour of ;he colonial trade. But the principle once admitted the French Government cannot stop, even if they were disposed, and that it was consistent, which it is not, with the present commercial policy of France to do so. The opening the foreign and coasting trades to British vessels, and, eventually, to the shipping of other nations, will be sure to follow. The opening of the French colonial trade to British shipping will be, so far as it goes, an advantage to the British shipowner. Not that it will afford anything like a harvest of freights— for into ig anyhts— for the admission of additional shippi:s trade must bring down the rates—bat b,: cause it will give him the choice of two markets occasionally instlad of one, and enable him to make a profit "on the round," where it may be impossible to do so outward or homeward bound. These, however, are not considerations which we need expect would enter into the mind of the French Emperor and his government. No doubt they aro fully sensible of the advantages which have accrued to the French trade from our system of open poyts, and the Em peror is sufficiently well-informed and liberal to admit the cruelty and injustice inflicted on the British shipowner by an exposure to competition with the shipping of non-reciprocating states. But the approaching revision of the Navigation Laws in favour of British shipping will be effected, just as the commercial treaty was framed and concluded, from a conviction that the com mercial interests of France imperatively require it. From the moment the Emperor was con vinced of the necessity of a change, he has never wavered or hesitated in giving effect to his con victions; and he knows as well as any economist can tell him, that the revision of the French tariff must be followed by a relaxation in the French Navigation Laws. Those who have had the best opportunity of forming a settled opinion as to the views of the Emperor speak with the utmost confi dence of their settled character. lie has resolved to make the commerce of France free by sea and by land. In effectinc , so great an achievement there must be great difficulties to be surmounted ; but the present ruler of France has proved himself equal to them, and so satisfied is he of the wisdom of the reforms he has so recently effected, and of in creasing the commercial intimacy of this country with France, that he is about to anticipate the time originally fixed for the complete operation of the commercial treaty. We are not given to pre dictions, but we need not withhold the expression of our conviction that the complete revision of the French Navigation Laws, so far as they affect Bri tish shipping, is at hand, and that, before another year has expired, France will cease to appear in the category of non-reciprocating states. IMADVERTISEMENT.] fills and medicine invariably ag gravate and perpetuate diseases; Their annoyance, dis appointment, and expense may be avoided by persons in indifferent health sending only their address to E. S. Barry, Esq., 77, Regent-street, W., London, and they will receive gratis and free by post the " INvArans' Owe GUIDE," or Natural Restorer, without medicine or ex p -nse, of perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, and refreshing sleep, to the most enfeebled, insuring the removal of indigestion (dyspepsia), constipation. liver ta comp laints, nausea, epilepsy, paral ys i s, debility, nervousnes s, Palpi tint, cough, asthma, cons umption, drepsy, flatulency, diarrhea,dysentery, biliousn ess, fevers, sore throats, c atarrhs, colds, noises in the ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, palpi tation, heartbu rn , headache, despond e ncy, cramps, spasms, sinking, fits, bron o hit ie. ...." t 9 health," U nques ti ona bly the eafeit ettide THE BANKRUPTCY OF JOS. HA. re TLEY, CALVERLEY. EXTRAORDINARY REVELATIONS. On Friday, at the Leeds Court of Bankruptcy, beforo Mr. Commissioner West, Joseph Hartley, cloth manufac turer, of Calverley, near Leeds, came up on his last exami nation. He stated that he commenced business in 1852, but that his,balance sheet was commenced on Jan. 1, 1859 9 , " because he could have a far better idea as to how be stood than in any previous year." Ascertained that he was in- solvent in 1860, and told his creditors he had lost money by alpaca wool. The firm of J. Asquith and Co. appeared in the balance sheet for £34 but this was a mistake, and file item ought to be struck out. Israel and Co. are stated tot* creditors for £263 13s 9d ; the sum should be about £l,lOO, There were other mistakes in the balance sheet, which, it corrected, will make the profits appear to be nothing at all. He put down in his balance sheet "manufactured" to everything which was marked consigned. Had no losses by bad debts during the period of the balance sheet, although he had "estimated" losses to the extent of £3OOO. Some goods, the bankrupt acknowledged, might have bean sold under cost price. He delivered goods on the sth Oct. to the amount of £214, and on the 11th Oct. goods to the amount of £275 to Messrs. Hargreaves and Nussey, of Leeds, and the last cash he received from that firm was on 29th September, when he obtained £4lO 7s. The goods thus delivered were in consideration of previous advances. When he received the £4lO on 29th September, he gave the firm a bill for £2OO. Had also dealings with Messrs. A Cooper and Co., from whom ho received on Bth September a bill for £270, which he got discounted at Beckett and Co.'s. Could not recollect what he did with the money. On 30th September ho delivered the goods to Cooper and Co. to the amount of £751 3s. On 3d October he received £7O more from that firm, who were now creditors for £4 6s. On 4th September he purchased wool to the value of £1,330 front Messrs. Musgrave, wool merchants, of Leeds. Told. these gentlemen that he wanted that kind of wool to make army clothes of, but did not recollect whether ho told them that ho had an order for army clothes. Did not tell Mr. Musgrave that he was about to invest £3,000 of his surplus capital in the Airedale Mill. In the balanco•sheet was this entry, under date September 25, "S. and J. Birchall and Co., cheques given 14th Sep tember not presented, £5OO ; " and this entry under date Sept. 25, on the opposite side of the sheet, " W. W. Brown and Co, cheques not presented, £500." He gave Birchall and Co. cheques for £3OO and £2OO on Sept. 14, and took them up on the 25th and 26th Sept. He purchased wools between the 14th and 22d Sept. from Dodgshon, Dickinson, and Co., of Leeds, to the value of £559 ; from Rayner and Co. £77 17s 11d, £2B 5s sd, and £ll9 4s—the latter pur chases being on the 17th. He pledged these wools with Padgett and Co., of Leeds, on the 25th Sept. for £550, at five per cent. per annum, as he understood. Obtained goods on the 9th Oct. from Mr. Riley, to the amount of £lOB 2s 11d, but did not remember telling that gentleman that he purchased it because he had no greasy wool by him. Bankrupt called his creditors together by a circular dated October 12, or three days after this transaction• The wools bought of Messrs. Musgrave had been con signed to Padgett's on the 13th and 18th September. Messrs. Israel and Co., to whom bankrupt only paid in cash £66 on the 26th September, were in possession of eleven bales of their wool, the remainder being sold as above stated. When bankrupt paid this £66 for his first transaction with the Messrs. Israel, ho did not remember telling them that he wanted wool for an army order. When he purchased wool of Mr. Israel, on the 26th of September, he told him that he did not want all of it delivered imme- diately, but only a part. Twenty bales were sent on the 27th of September to him (bankrupt), by the Messrs. Israel. Bankrupt learnt the wools were at the Calverley Railway Station from the way bill, which he brought with him to Leeds on the 29th September. Went with the way bill to Messrs. Hargreaves and Nussey, and asked them to advance some money upon it, and Mr. Nussey did make an advance, but not upon that wool. Mr. Nussey had learnt that Mr. Coverdale, the railway superintendent, had found fault with the way bill. Mr. Nussey advanced £4lO. The rest of the wool ordered from the Messrs. Israel (25 bales) was sent by that firm on the 4th October, in consequence of a letter which he (bankrupt) addressed to them to that effect. Had not made any entry of this wool in any of his books. Had done business with Messrs. White and Grayburn, in Russell-street; had pledged cloth with them on certain terms agreed upon; but had made no entry in • ' his books of these transactions. Bankrupt had no cash book; did not keep the bill book after Sept. 15, or the day book after July 19.—0 n being cross-examined by Mr. Simpson, bankrupt said—According to the estimate I have made, Messrs. Hargreaves and Nussey will make £2,000, by reason of the reduction below the market price, and they would also get the advantage of there being no profit on the cost price. During the month of September, I bought wool to the value of £1,550, and of that wool I pawned more than £2,400 worth. When I bought the wool of Mr. Riley my goods had been stopped at Messrs. Roberts, Ross, and Co.'s. I sent Mr. Riley's goods to them. I got the goods back fromlMesars. Roberts, Ross, and Co. by pay ing the money they required. I consulted Mr. Cooper on the Monday in the week in which I called my creditors to gether. 1 was with Mr. Cooper at Harrogate, a few days before the meeting. Wo went for the " out." I asked his advice on different matters. The wool that went to Roberts, Ross, and Co. was used for the purpose for which it was bought. The Commissioner adjourned Hartley sine die, without protection, and also gave an order to the trade assignees to prosecute him criminally. COUNTRY MARKETS. NOTTINGHAM—JAN. 19. The supply of wheat was somewhat increased, and the trade ruled dull at the prices of last week, inferior only ls to 2s lower. - . • • LEICESTER--JAN. 19. . 1 1. 1 `• The supply of wheat to-day was tolerable, with a fair attendance; damp sorts is to 2s lower. White, 725 to 788 —red, 65s to 705 per 3G stone; a very moderate sal. for barley, grinding, 32s to 34E ; malting, 37a to 43s per qr.; oats, 24s to 38s per 21 stone. Beans—old, 565 t. 58e, new, 38s to 40s per 38 stone. Fine flour, 50s Seconds, 47s Thirds, 46e per 20 stone. NORWICH—Doz. 19. At this market to-day wheat was in fair supply, and last week's rates receded is per qr. Trade dull. White wheat. ..... 65s to 67s I Red wheat 56s to 62s Malting barley....4ss to 47s I Chevalier barley 41s to 44s Di&tilling d0......318 to 34s Oats. Flour, 31a to 348 Od per sack from the miller. YORK-JAN. 19. The trade was limited, but wheat was in good show. A tolerable attendance of farmers and factors, and sales were effected at previous priceB, but inferior samples were at rather lower rates. Barley held for extreme prices. Beans and oats were fully supported. Wheat, red 44s to 58s I Oats.... 24s to 26s White do 6OB to 658 Beans 48s to 56s .38s to 42s Peas ... -.1 to Ba l‘ rey i l alt, 70s to 72s per qr. ; rye, 38 5 per ; qr. . fiour, to bOs per sack. STAMFORD—JAN. 19. A tolerable supply of wheat at market yesterday, which sold at last week's prices. New wheat out of condition is lower, Oats sold at an advance upon late rates, but they were in limited show. Beans scarce, and realised high prices. Wheat ....60s to 60s I Oats.. 263 to 33s White do 62s to 653 Beans 44. to 47s Barley .. .....34s to 46s I Ditto, old .......,648 to 601 THE MAI LS. A o re. MAILS DUE. Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South ampton) .. • • • • • • Jan. 18. Do. (via Marseilles) Feb. 12. Brazil and Cape Verds .. Feb. 4. Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, Sto. .. Jan. --. Cuba and Mexico _ .. Jan. 28 Canada, &c. (via L'derry) Overdue. Cape of Good Hope, &c. . • .• Fab. 1. ,-A China, Penang, and Singapore (via S'ampton) Feb. 1. Do (via Marseilles) Jan. 28. .., Gibraltar (via Southampton) Jan. 25. , India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) Feb. 1. Do. (via Marseilles) Jan.l2B. "N i ‘ P India (Bombay), (via Southampton) .. .. Jan. 25. I "''' Do. (via Marseilles) Jan. 19. Lisbon .. .. • • .. Jan. 21. Malta, Egypt, and Aden (via Southampton) .. Jan. 25 . Do. (via Marseilles) .. Jan. 19. Vigo, and Oporto .. Jan. 21. United States, California, &c. .. Jan. 23. Western Coast of Africa, Madeira, Teneriffe .. Feb. 10. West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &o. Jan. 28. BIRTHS. . HEYGATE.—On the 16th inst., at 47, Eaton-placey the wife )- of Win. U. Heygate, Esq., of a daughter. LASCELLES.—On the 17th inst., at Goldebro' Hall, the Hon. Mrs. Egremont Lascellee, of a daughter. LONG. —On the 17th inst., at Dolforgan, Montgomeryshire, the wife of R. P. Long, Esq., M.P., of a son. RICHARDSON.—On the 15th inst., at Surbiton-hill, the wife of Rowley Richardson, Esq., of a son. MARRIAGES. BURTON—COCKBON.—On the 17th inst., at St. John's, Paddington, the Rev. R. 0. Burton, M.A. Minera Hall, near Wrexham. Denbighsh ire, to Hannah Louisa, the youngest daughter of the late James Cookson, Esq., of Macclesfield, and niece of Colonel Sir Duncan dougall. CLARKE.---BARCLAY.—On the 15th inst., at Saint Giles' Church, Norwich, Thomas Clarke, Esq., of Great Yar mouth, to Mary Ann Gedney, fourth daughter of the late Lieutenant G. D. Barclay, R.N., of Southtown, Great Yarmouth. DEATHS. CORNER.—On the 17th inst., at Lee-road, Blackheath, A. j 3. Corner, Esq., Her Majesty a Coroner and Attorney in the Court of Queen s Bench, aged 68. HIDE. — On the 13th inst., at Fladong's Hotel, Old Caven dish-street, Charles Hyde, Esq., of Hyde-end, Berk shire, aged 78. ilA C it an K o E n it o 6 f u — ry c ° o ,:C in t t i Catherine, relict , inst., at Northampton-park, , et r , e c l i ic ty t , o a f ge lk d ir B . s. John Harker, for merlyScovELL.—On the 17th inst., at Henley-park, Guildford, General Sir George Scovell, G.C.8., Colonel of the 4th Light Dragoons, aged 87. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office, No. 112, Strand , in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County oi)liddleseX M9aqii73 January 21, 1.661. 1/14 F