The Sun. — London, England, 1842-11-12 00:00:00

PRICE OF SUGAR. EFFECTS OF MONOPOLY. l „ he LONDON, Nov. 12, 1842. st . f r7 i t l is r s g ug zi a v i e . s, ra,ge prices of Brown or Musco liab ed ' exclusive of duty, were pub ? the Gazette of last night :- 1,4 . es t India , 365. 41d. per cwt. •India 37 6 :sta , the airtius No returns. itl, v erage price of the two descriptions, taken ' is 36 5. BA. per cwt. 'raj k) a ctual weight s o f S ugar so ld on accoun t of the i n . .1 tors, in the w ee k en di ng th e Bth i ns t., accord -14.1.0 th e returns made upon oath by the Sugar bro ‘;'• in cOm p li ance with the Act of Parliament, and sizt( l e h weights th e a b ove prices are computed, con of 3 1,374 cwt. W6st India, 13,878 cwt. East 3 80 14 Wt. of very dark unsound sugar has bean 1 .„, 141 t same week, which, having been classed in 4 ‘cr a I. ` rr .s as E as t I n d ia , un f a i r ly depresses the taw 3. e prices of that kind of Sugar, as well as the fA{he 41 1, era : - e price. Foreign Sugars, equal in quality v erage of West India Sugar may be bought for rhe i fs r ewt., they are consequently 18s. 4d. per cwt. ~ The total sa l es f or th e wee k i n Mincing t.: .err '; 4 5,252 .; the les at the "e togethercwt the sam taki e ng as the sa London market, , - : 4 3lll ners bought 90,500 cwt. of sugar at 365. 8 fd. 41.;1;„"‘” amounting in round numbers to 166,0001. g i they in i g ht h ave b oug ht th e same we i g ht, ct ° , 0 13 ' = wt. of for e i gn sugar , a t 18 s . per cwt., amount- IN T , 8 1,450/. s t er li ng; t h ey h ave t h ere f ore given the Ilig,;°rte,..lst.s over and above the real value of their Ut.et. i ?,4,5001., whi c h, a dded t o th e excess shown last ' 6 ,750/., ma k es 161,3001., being the fruits of monopoly for the last fortnight. rie,Per ~e cannot too frequently impress upon the public important fact, that a protecting duty of s. in favour of British Muscovado Sugars is I '44 4 'e/it to taxin g th e c ons umers of them indirectly of s ' e nnal amount of 200,0001. sterling, the weight taken i n th e y ear f or h ome use , is in round 'Jeri four million cwt,, four million shillings are -aetl 1 114 Y 200 ,000/. If protection were altogether re ' the consumers would buy foreign Sugar, of a thete"3:_ to West India, at 17s. 6d. per cwt.; as codaan abnedance of it, it follows as a matter of that :that British Sugars must inevitably fall to kit ,PPet, or remain unsold on the importers' hands ; and a .,. ( inty of 255. per cwt. be imposed on foreign, 4 4%4' r ll3. - 2 45. per cwt. on British Sugars, the con- Paif . „''lrould not be able to buy, the former duty Per ~„",,,ri.cler 425. 6d., namely, 17s. 6d, and 255. duty, Sub; t•s . the present monopolists would also sell their duty paid, at 425. 6d. per cwt.; but as they °o btai n to pay a duty of 245. per cwt., they would S ugar : 18 s. 6d. per cwt., m lieu of 17s. 6d., upon all the la st t i hey sold. Th e enormous average price quoted 1 . 1 86 11 - P 't in the G aze tte, is e ntirely the consequence of ti'e 1 suppl y , w hi c h li m it s consump ti on , by deny affordi. use of S ugar to numerous c l asses , w h o can not N„ --- y the h rice. It s known to the fr 0,11,11, distributorshi of g Sugar, that i when well the price rises nh o s(l . to 6d. per lb., immense numbers of persons lb, h ave been in the habit of using Sugar at 51. per te ,!se to pu rc h ase it -altogether ; and when the tlit s ''ses from 6d. to 7d per lb., the same thing oc pt , With tho se w h o h ave b een consum i ng S ugar at 6d . th n i 13 ., rather than pay the advance, they will teach families to abstain from the use of Sugar. thefr are, of course, e x cepti ons t o the rule-these 1)4,, e most part are, w ea lthy people, who would Sugar at almost any price; they are, how of; t Ohe few, compare d aga i nst th e great b u lk 4 "e consume rs . Th us i t i s , th en, th a t t h roug h N restricted use of the article, the duties on 4,tek"aii..din!inish as they did in the last quarter, to the kit'''. detriment of the revenue. This diminution is xe ° l , n lY a vast annoyance to the Chancellor of the uetlner wh has 'formed his calculations for o Ith e ''us disbursements on the expectation of receiving ousilial amount of money, but likewise to the pudb fieic,„ l arge,. ho arc called upon to make up the e -1, "„ r Y by some other tax. Had the duties on t i.g 4 rs been equalised five years ago, and the powers it;ransumption brought into vigour by low price, ' T e __ Would now, for instance, have been no need of t,, l come-th x ; the Government would have had the or twelve millions from Sugar duties which that oti„la i ntended to replace. If the differential Sugar kr"te,ha are not altered--that is remain as at present-- " r ee years lon ger it s t an d s t o reason that another th e - 9,ale-tax w ill- be requ i red to make good hz i ., deficie ncy i n t h e revenue w hi c h will . accrue. Perhaps, by way of disguising . the ti ) : t , lll i o n of givi ng un d ue protection to the colonists, 1,43:-"t i nister will hit upon some such expedient ifhe as Nutsn corn. upo k e , With regard to that article,the fm Canada are correct, a merchant i . n d ay x, l % l ige his goods at New York for wheat, provided . i . „ 1 ,, !neat, in lieu of being shipped direct for a a ' ;;;P s ert, be sent via the St. Lawrence, the merchant Pa ve to compete with the costs of transport to ' 4l `La 1• h will be probably about 3s. 6d. a guar w Sri *hle h dld to the duty to be imposed for the , added. Per t he Canadians, 3s. per quarter, and ls. 6d. v N,N'itrter extra for freight from Canada, instead of their - a , lllo unt to Bs. per quarter, the corn to be ) oetw een -e t ' h v e'l here duty free. The only differen ce fiXed Plan proposed by the late Government of ca l bry ; - "Y of Bs. er uarter and the schme in of tbj,' 's, therefore, p that, q in one instance, the e whole lever, ' tit Y would have gone to fortify the British 1 ) , mid, i n t h e other, the Bs. per quarter are to and t v h i ded betwee n th e p eo p! e of the United States eith er e C anadians, which the consumers here, in br ead N 'TY, will have to pay in the price of their forethe ln like manner the Ministers who concocted et h ge'ly precious scheme for importing wheat at ~ie;r bead siomilar to a fixed duty, may take it into ail partst encourage the importation of Sugar from of the world into the British Sugar Colonies, espec T a e i d i th e c o l on i sts w ill un d erta k e, f or t h e i r own cw t. cenefit, to impose a given amount of duty per cotild.,l!Pcn such i mpor t e d f ore i gn Sugar , with the r ot ti _gun that th e colonists may re-ship the said Sugar 1?e British markets, the Government here charg- Ne.. " w ith a duty equa l t o th a t l ev i e d on co l on i a l qar, gra n ti ng thereby a protection to the British su rsi t Producers, and'raising the price of it to con to b 8 to a value equ i va l ent per h aps t o t h a t propose d es e conferred b y the differential duties propounded 11, 4 11 . e Ifouse o f C ommons l ast year b y L or d J o h n r a i s A ol , the main distinction being that the money . by the portion of duty levied in the colonies tatiOnYwhere but to' the British Exchequer. The ue e ti, interest, now that the protection on their pro th,ll,l is c onsiderably diminished, should in justice to eurr,r iv es , , and 'to their dependents,. insist upon a Ivhiending reduction in the prohibitory dutie . s, prod, unnaturally bolster up the pries of all colonial Lice, Tilt T he 'SUGAR. MONOPOLY AND THE AGRICULTURISTS. b i 'le tenant of a large landed proprietor in Oxfor - twhher.eoLznts to know why the agriculturists are to be Y class to suffer by those principles of trade th le t ? Sir Robert Peel has lately adopted for ar e e benefit of the consumers; and why they who efconsumers are not to have some corresponding Lion They ask, he says, for no money compensa ae for depreciation ot the incomes by measures kio,pted for the public good. They want no twenty b lit u i t o h n from the public purse to pay for their lospes, for want to know why, if their monopoly is mo botvaior the relief of other classes, other monopolies are I , t ; () , b e modified also ? Why are the West India u) ° ,; .e. .rs, with their twenty millions in their pockets, allowed to keep - their monopoly, that agric . ul 48.-,1:5 should be obliged to go on paying them twice c la,,, ll eh as they ought for their sugar, &c.? 4 grie s t reasonable inquiry, which we hope other mon o 4'turists will repeat. the bearings of the sugar Yen 4 Y on their interest has been frequently ad the „ t° in The Sun, and we agree with the tenant, that fi h - ugar monopoly should be abated as well as the . corn en c)-(4)(4 Y. It is plain, however, that the same influ o. N e v e in the Cabinet which preserves the sugar mon q 4ll °ws shins i to' be victualled at free trade . prices. (;l a ' d " c , tenant, 'Or the tenant's landlord,. will ask Mr. th at sto ne for a solution of his questions, and . press fae. Hon. Gentleman for an answer In the 4 4 ) 1 of the House of Commons, the truth may pos ; _ hi Ybe throw n to' the surface out of the deep well f s /t i ro. ut: - Av e L ACCIDENT AT TILE LORD MAYOR'S SHOW.--; hav e mentioned an accident to the " ancien t suiig'ut) mounted on a charger, armed cap-a-pie in l . axe ,r,if burnished braSs scale armour, with a batt e who took part In the Lord Mayor's procession. the are happy to saY that Robert Jackson, the name of The w ' knight, is doing well in St. Bartholo aft_v% S Hospital, to which he was promptly conveyed the fall by which his thigh-bone was broken. c er i t. l3 ermister •the house-surgeon, under Mr. Vin of set the fracture, and has every hope hapless knight's speedy recovery. Some time one before the fracture could be got at, because no 01 : the hospital understood the unbuckling of ar untlli,r, and the'surgeon, therefore, was obliged to wait fir 1- the smith or, armourcr who had riveted the Mour on came and undid it. Lis Lau , som e . t .„ ' 3l -ENT OF WOOLWICH DOCKYARD.—For t in ,C ne Past a body of labourers have been engage( lv - ('ng new - road to the southward of the present 00,wi et , , Pleted, and , Greenwich-road, which, when com will substituted for the old road; the latter acr es o " e l he broken up and enclosed, with several re st , as a part o f th e Dockyard. About 25 an d `l l a,oie cott ages , s i tuate d b etween t h e D oc k yar d theof e ius will be pulled down to carry out the orders de , q Lords of the Admiralty. This step has been ilin. s ile4 necessary in order to erect numerous build enb' ;Ind tvorksh ops .f or t h e engineers and m i llwr i g h ts Nir t g e d in Preparing machinery, boilers, &c., for her nre i 'tY's steam- s hi ps of war. Several fine buildings nearly,. for fini s h e d , b ut i t has been deemed necessary to tw ice m several acres of land to add to the facilities - L ow foree n s 6 on this, important branch of her Majesty's IMPORTANT NAUTICAL INVEN- TION S. WooLvvicir, Nov. 10.—The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty have been so satisfied with the re port of the result of the recent experiments made on board the Lightning steam-vessel with Mr. Clement's sillorneter, marine thermometer, and steam thermo meter, that they have ordered that 2001. should be paid to him in the meantime, and the machinery has been ordered to be deposited here. It is therefore probable this decided mark of their Lordships' appro bation of the inventions will shortly lead to their in troduction on board of all the vessels in her Majesty's na7. The following details of the experiments is from the official report, and may be relied upon as being correct :-- " Thursday, Oct. 13, 1842.—About one mile and a [uarter below Gravesend commenced a trial between Massey's patent log and Mr. Clement's sillometer. After a run of two hours and a half (being off Sheer ness)—Distance given by Massey's log, 15 1-10 miles; sillometer, 15 miles. Distance from Nore Light to Deal by sillometer, 42 miles ; by tables reckoning from buoy to buoy, 41i miles. "At 25 minutes past four o'clock, P.M., altered the course four points, during which operation the Milo meter showed a diminution of speed, from eight miles per hour to seven miles. " At .50 minutes past eight o'clock P.M., off South Foreland, commenced a trial between Massey's log and the sillometer. On Friday morning took in Mas sey's log, and found the distance from abreast the South Foreland to about seven miles to the eastward of the Owers. By Massey's log, 84'1- miles ; by sil lometer, 821 miles ; by tables, reckoning from buoy to buoy, 85 miles. _ Moved " Moved sundry weights aft, viz., boat, brass guns, anchors, oars. &c. ' • for an instant the speed, as shown by the sillometer, dimished to 7.4 miles per hour, but it almost immediately increased to the former speed of 8 miles per hour. Moved the same weights forward, but could not perceive any sensible difference in the speed of the vessel. The speed, as shown by the sil lometer, varied from 8.1 to 8.2 miles per hour. " Tried the speed of the vessel by the common log, which gave 8+ miles; the sillometer indicated exactly the same, viz., 81 miles per hour. " At ten o'clock, A.M., on Friday, when about two miles past the Nab light, tried Massey's log, and found the distance to near the entrance of Portsmouth bar bour—by Massey's log 6 miles nearly ; by sillometer 6 miles exactly. " During the passage round to Portsmouth the speed of the vessel was purposely checked by blowing off the steam, to see the effect on the sillometer. The speed, as shown by that instrument, was gradually reduced from eight miles per hour to four miles, at which point it stood steady. On the order being given for full speed, the sillometer showed a gradual increase of speed, till it came to eight miles per hour, as before. On the return of the Lightning from Portsmouth to Woolwich, the distance performed was found to be—By Massey's log, 119 miles ; by the sil lometer, The sillometer has a dial upon deck, which con stantly shows the number of miles per hour the vessel is going; consequently it is easy to discover, under all circumstances, what is the best trim of the vessel, and the most advantageous quantity and distribution of the sails for obtaining the greatest speed. As the sillo meter shows immediately the effect which every alte ration in the sails or trim of the ship has on its velo city, it follows also that ships fitted with the sillometer can constantly maintain the speed they may have agreed upon, and so keep company together, and maintain the same relative position ; though, from the darkness of the night, or thickness of the weather, they cannot see each other. To ascertain the distance run after any number of hours, it is simply to take the number of minutes one of the watches of the sillometer has gained over the other, and to multiply that number by six, which gives the distance run in miles. THE MARINE THERMOMETER.—The trials with this instrument on board the Lightning, commenced at eleven o'clock on Thursday morning, October 13. Previous to leaving Woolwich harbour, and on taking the centigrade it was found to be 12 deg. At twenty five minutes past three o'clock P.M., in five fathom channel : Cant shoal, depth of water about 16 feet, it indicated 13.25. In 23 feet depth of water as stated by the pilot it indicated 15.25. Off Dover 16 deg., and in Portsmouth harbour 14.2. From these indications it appears that the marine thermometer, in its variations, followed the inequali ties of the bottom of the sea, so far as these inequali ties could be ascertained from the heaving of the lead. or from the information of the pilot ; that is, on the approach to shoal water the thermometer fell, and on the approach to deep water it rose, and distinguished the difference very distinctly and rapidly, according to the transition from shallow to deep water, and vice versa. It may therefore be inferred that the marine thermometer would indicate the approach to rocks and icebergs from the influence these bodies are known to have on the temperature of the sea for a consider able distance. The dial of the marine thermometer is also on deck, and shows, by inspection merely, the exact depth of water in which the vessel may be sail ing at the time. THE STEAM THERMOMETER.—The principal expe riments with this instrument were made in the Med way, and the observations taken show distinctly how every variation in the temperature of the steam in the boilers is indicated by Monsieur Clement's invention, a centrigrade of 107 degrees, four degrees of Monsieur Clement, being equal to 212 degrees of Fahrenheit. This invention may be of value where high-pressure engines are used, as It indicates the exact temperature of the steam in the boilers ; but the engineers in the British navy are so careful and fully qualified a body of men that no fears need be apprehended by the com manders of vessels of their attention to their duty, so tbat this invention may not be required. REMARKABLE DISCOVERY OF HUMAN SKELETONS IN CHESHIRE. Considerable sensation has been excited in Bickerton, and the adjoining villages, by the discovery of two human skeletons, and the remains of a third, under the following circumstances :—lt appears that one day last week, two women, and their two children (little boys), one of whose name is Seville, went on the Bickerton Hills, in' the neighbourhood of Fuller's Moor, for the purpose of gathering what is com monly in the country called " greg,' and of which besoms are made. They had not been thus occupied long, before the boy Seville picked up what he at first thought to he a stone ; but, on looking at it more closely, he found he was mistaken, and imme diately ran off to his mother, calling out, " Heigh, mother, I've found an old man's head !" The women were of course alarmed, and directly left the hills, and leaving also their " greg" behind them. Meeting with Morwick, the police-officer for that district, they com municated to him what had occurred, and he then re paired to the spot, and on searching it, discovered the heads, thigh bones, arm bones, and other portions of two human skeletons, the whole of which were in a very ex cellent state ofpreservati on. Information of the affair was then given to Mr. Stewardson, special high constable of the hundred of Broxton, who, on the following morning, accompanied by R. B. Orton, Esq., one of the county Magistrates, went to make further exa minations of the ground, but discovered nothing more except a few of the ribs and finger joi n t s of the skeletons found on the previous day. Several ' conjectures have been started as to the means by which these men could have been buried in this ap parently isolated spot, as the oldest inhabitants of the neighbourhood have no recollection of any persons being missed from that vicinity. Some distance rom the hill, we understand that a number of men were hung for rebellion during the period of the Commonwealth, but there appears to be no reason why their bodies should have been taken so far from the place of execution for burial. We understand that many years ago, previous to the road being made as at pre sent, there was a lodging-house where travellers of all classes used to domicile, and as these hills have from time immemorial been celebrated for the number of bad characters who infested them, it is supposed by some that the skeletons are those of men who have stayed at the lodging-house, and been murdered for the sake of their property. PROFITLESS CUSTOMER.—In the good town of Shrewsbury there were, and still are, very probably ' three inns—called the Lion, the Talbot, and the Raven, whereat were weekly holden the market ordi naries, the charge for dinner being eighteen-pence a-head, beer included. A frequenter of the mar`icet and its tables d'hote was one Mr. David Williams, a dealer in Welsh flannel by profession, of whom his friends were wont to say he was blessed with an ex cellent appetite, the English of which was, that when he dined at home he ate as much as six ploughmen, and when he dined abroad as much as sixteen. The Boren was David's favourite ordinary, and, for many a long year, the landlord put up with the flannel merchant's custom with a resignation worthy a more distinguished martyrdom. At last, when bankruptcy began to stare him in the face, on receiving the accus tomed eighteen-pence for dinner, his natural polite ness forsook him, and he spake thus Mr. Wil liams, I have no desire any longer to monop olise all your favours. lam quite satisfied of your wish to serve one. Why don't you give the Lion a turn ?” LociiwiNziocn.—A fortnight ago, we mentioned a case of supposed poisoning of a husband by his wife, that a medical examination of the body had been taken, and that the woman was in custody. Since then, sus picions have been afloat that a neighbour woman, who died three months before, and to whom the prisoner had administered some drink, had not been fairly dealt with. In consequence of these rumours, the Procu rator Fiscal ordered an inspection of the body, and on Saturday last it was exhumed for that purpose. The medical report will be reserved to be produced in evi dence, but its tenor has not transpired.—Paisley Ad . maser. FLANDERS MAIL. BRUSSELS, Nov. 9.—The average price of wheat last week was 20f. 50c., and that of rye 14f. Mc. In the sitting of the Chamber of Representatives to day at noon (M. Pirson, the senior Member, act ing as President ad interim), a letter was reeeived from M. Fallon, to the President, in which the Hon. Member says, that some of his colleagues having mani fested an intention of again placing him in the Presi dent's chair, he begs the President to, have the kind ness to inform them ofAcially that the state of his health does not allow him to accept any functions, if it should be conferred on him; that at the three pre ceeding sessions he had done his utmost to perform the duties incumbent on him, but that the burden had been too heavy for his health, which was so much im paired that itmust inevitably be ruined if exposed to further trials. At the same time he begs to thank the Chamber for all marks of confidence and kindness which he has received. _ _ The Senate has again chosen for its President M. de Schiervel. After the transaction of some other business, a Committee of four members ws appointed to drew up an address in answer to his Majesty's speech on opening the session. ESCAPE OF GENERAL VANDERSMISSEN. The following is an account of the manner in which General Vandersmissen effected his escape : It seems that Madame Vandersmissen had obtained permission to enter the prison of the Petit Carmes at ten o'clock in the morning, and to stop till four in the afternoon. It is between these hours that the public are admitted. The General had for some days feigned sickness, which afforded a pretext to his wife to prolong her visits. On Sunday the General was in his room with his wife and his two sons, when about eight o'clock the turnkey saw the three latter pass, and let them go out without suspicion. Soon afterwards, according to his duty, which he only half performed, he opened the prisoner's door, and to be sure that the General was within, he wished him a good night. The General did not answer, but the keeper heard some one cough ; this satisfied him, whereas he ought to have convinced himself with his own eyes that the General was there. Our readers will, of course, understand that the per son who coughed was Madame Vandersmissen, and that the General, dressed in his wife's clothes, had left the prison with his two sons. The night passed, and the eseape of the General was unknown to everybody in the prison. In the morning, Madame Vandersmissen was going to leave the prison, when the turnkey said to her, "It seems that you have passed the night here." " Yes, I have obtained permission to do so, my husband being ill," on which the turnkey opened the gate for her. At three o'clock, as the General did not call for anything, the officers entered his room and found that he was gone. Notice was immediately sent to the Attorney-General, and do miciliary visits were made to all the houses in which it was thought probable that the General might have passed the night. No trace of him has been found ; and it is thought that he and his family had passed the Dutch frontiers yesterday morning. It seems unaccountable how the keepers could be deceived, the General being a head taller than his wife. WINTER AT ST. PETERSBURGH. Winter is more variable at St. Petersburgh than at Moscow—that is, the cold does not reign there with such continued severity. Thus,' for instance, it is said not to be a rare circumstance at Moscow to find a fruit peeling, or any other matter thrown by chance from a window, catch on the balcony, and becoming immediately frozen, remain there suspended for the rest of the winter. Such a case could not occur at St. Petersburgh, where, although the thermometer often descends to 30 degrees of Reaumur below zero (31," below zero of Fahrenheit), the neighbourhood of the sea combats the icy winds of Siberia, and un expectedly brings on the most strange changes in the temperature. It has never rained, in the memory of man, at Moscow during the months of De cember and January. At St. Petersburgh, on the contrary, rain frequently falls during these two months, and at that period it has been constantly the custom to replace carriages by sledges. This - latter kind of vehicle, which no person gives up, becomes the most inconvenient in the world, being driven in the midst of snow and mud. The winter at St. Petersburgh, on account of these sudden transitions, so unexpected, and so rapid, is far more formidable than at Moscow, and to strangers who have not experienced its effects is particularly serious. To defend oneself from the weather the most constant and minute precautions are required. In October the Russians—and all who have been long in the coun try, assume fur clothes, and keep them in continual wear until the month of April, after the ice has broken up on the Neva. Stoves are lit everywhere, and each family lays in a stock of birch-wood, the braise of which is more abundant than of any other wood. There is a servant specially appointed to attend to the stoves, and his duty is to keep up as much as possible an equal heat throughout the house. The best stove-keepers, whose fame procures them a high salary, are generally from Moscow. Twenty degrees of cold do not appear astonishing to an inha bitant of St. Petersburg'', though he then casts a cu rious look at the thermometer. At 23 or 24 degrees, constant rounds are made during the night, to pre vent the police and sentinels from falling asleep on their posts. Should the cold bring on drowsiness, and the sufferer not be able to prevent himself from yielding to its influence, he must perish, as he can only wake from his sleep in the other world. At 25 degrees, the theatres are closed, and all those who are obliged to go out on foot hurry along with their ut most speed, most anxiously looking at the noses of all those whom they meet in in the street. If a sudden paleness—of which no intimation is given by any physical feeling—should appear on that part of the face, the passer-by rushes forward, and commences rubbing the afflicted feature of the alarmed pas- Eenger with snow, to produce animation. The same thing may occur to the operator himself be fore the hour is over. At 30 degrees of cold, the populace alone go out of doors, entire families shut themselves up, and not a single sledge of any appear ance of fashion is seen in the streets. Yet even then the military reviews are not interrupted, and the highest dignitaries, up to the Emperor himself, repair to them without a cloak. It must be evident that, with cold of such intensity, the sufferings of the poor must be dreadful. Yet it may be affirmed without exaggeration, that the lower classes, in winter, suffer less in Russia than in France. There are placed in the various quarters of every large town of the empire public establishments, heated by large stoves, where every person that pleases may take refuge. readful accidents undoubtedly mark the arrival of the severe season, but they generally fall on the servants of Russian noblemen, whose carelessness towards their servants' comforts is akin to barbarity. It must not be forgotten either, that the three-fourths of these accidents are attributable to the abuse of spirituous liquors. The passion of 'the people for brandy sets at defiance every warning, and in winter it becomes more than usually fatal.—Constitutionnel. SINGULAR DEATIT.—On Thursday evening, the 27th ult., as John 'Westwood, a cart driver, in the employ of Mr. J. Farrar, of this town, was on his return home from Huddersfield, having lighted his pipe in the public-house at Birchen cliffe, the night being dark, he stumbled against the wall and broke the pipe in several pieces in his mouth, as he supposed, without in flicting any serious internal injury. On his arrival at the Mitre Tavern in Halifax, after having attended to his horses, he retired to his bed, where he remained until Saturday evening, when he qot up and went to his father's house in Westgate. His mother, perceiv ing that he was greatly indisposed, inquired what was the matter; he said he had got an attack of the quinsey, and that his throat was very much swollen. He continued to grow worse until Tuesday evening, when medical assistance was called in. About one o'clock on Wednesday morning a violent discharge of blood took place from the extreme right angle of the mouth, when it was discovered that he had pulled out a piece of pipe two inches long, which, according to medical opinion, had perforated the jugular vein at the period above mentioned, and evented any previous hemorrhage. He died at six o'clock in the evening. The man never told any person of the accident, until he had discharged the piece of pipe from his throat.— Halifax Guardian. HEALTH OF Towns.—Mr. Mackinnon's Health of Towns Bill is exciting a greater degree of interest amongst the Dissenting bodies generally than any measure that has been proposed for a long time. They do well to bestir themselves, for it is the most insidious movement on the part of the clergy that has been made for a long time. Although his name is attached to it, it is whispered that Mr. Mackinnon is not so much the framer of the proposed Bill as the Bishop of London. Under pretence of improving the health of the public, prevision is made for securing to the clergymen of every parish, on every interment which may take place, such amount of fees as the Bishop of the diocese shall fix, and this whether or no he perform the funeral service. He may decline the duty, but he is still to secure the fee. In the Hackney Church-rate case, the scale which rules that parish was produced in evidence, and in giving judg ment on the case, Dr. Lushington referred to the above clause in the following terms :—" Why, that is palpably illegal from the beginning to the end !" This opinion of the Judge of their own Court should teach the clergy and Mr. Mackinnon to use a moderate de gree of prudence in urging their pretensions.—Ad vertiser. The Duke and Duchess of Richmond and the Ladies Lennox are expected to leave Gordon Castle for town at the close of the ensuing week, on their way to Goodwood Park, Sussex. The report on Tuesday was, that Mr. Wood, the present Dean of Faculty, would be appointed to the gown vacant by the resignation of Lord Gillies.— Edinburgh Witness. HER MAJESTY'S VISIT WALMER CASTLE. The following are the particulars of her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert's route from town to Walmer Castle on Thursday. On the arrival of the Queen and Prince at Green wich a party of the 7th hussars relieved the escorting detachment that accompanied the Royal party from Paddington. At Dartford a relay of horses was sup plied and a fresh escort provided. The bells of the venerable church rang a jovial peal, and the inhabi tants generally assembled to witn ess th e Royal pro gress through. Horses , were a ga i n changed at Gravesend, a triumphal arch being erected across the new road by 'High-street. •A-:vast number of per sona loudly cheered the Queen and Prince, and after a short delay the Royal carte of three carriages pursued its route, through Rochester and Sitting bourne, to Canterbury, parties of the 7th Hussars re lieving each other at the different stages. CANTERBURY, TWURSDAY AFTERNOON..--The an cient and "famous" city of Canterbury was this after noon honoured by the august presence of its Sove reign, accompanied by her illustrious Consort and youthful and lovely children, in whom the hopes of the nation have centred such interest and expectations. Although many centuries back this ancient metro polis of the kingdom of Kent could boast of being the residence of its Kings-,-regal visits within the last century have been seldom, and consequently the pro gress of the Queen through the city to-day could not fail to call forth the loyal feelings of the inhabitants. The visits of Sovereigns to the city in olden times have supplied the• contemporary chroniclers with ma terials of an amusing description—narrating with the greatest minuteness the usaes adopted for their re ception and entertainment. - The . most celebrated in the annals of the city were the visit of Henry VI. and his Queen, to pay their devotion at the tomb of the martyr (Thomas a'Becket) in 1450. Edward IV. and Queen Elizabeth, his consort, in 1462, when Arch bishop Bourchier is •stated by . Hasted to have en tertained them • "very splendidly and nobly" in their pilgrimage to Becket's shrine, and it appears costly presents were given to the King and Queen by the corporation. Richard HI. came to Canterbury in 1483, when he was the means of conferring some important benefits on the city charters. ' The next Royal visit on record was that of Henry VIII. and. Queen Catherine. Queen Mary passed through the city in 1558, on her way to Sir T. 'Moyle's residence, and was presented by the citizens with a purse of 20 angels. (101.) The visit of Qoen Elizabeth in 1573. and 1582, are, however, the Most brilliant handed down in history. On the first visit of that popular Sovereign she held a Court at the Abbey of St. Au gustine (converted into a Palace by Henry VIII., her father, on the dissolution of the monasteries), and on her arrival the corporation presented' her with 60 an gels (301.) in a " scented" purse, and the heralds, ser geants at arms, and the attendants in the Royal reti nue, were liberally provided with presents by the citi zens. It is generally known that Charles I. consum- • mated his marriage with .11eneietta of France at St. ' Augustine in 1625, and that unfortunate King again visited the city in 1641. Charles 11., at the restora tion, stayed some days at St. Augustine's Palace, and, at ie time he went through the city to Dover with his Queen, a banquet was provided by the then Mayor. William 111. was sumptuously banqueted in 1690, and in 1695, when on his way to the Continent. George I. and George H. also made visits to the City. It was the general feeling of the inhabitants to make every display of loyalty and regard te e the au gust person of the Queen consistent with her Ma jesty's convenience and comfort ; but, owing to the proffered services of the East Kent yeomanry having been declined, the military preparations for the Royal escort having been completed, the Mayor and Civic authorities very properly consulted w;th the Home Secretary as to whether it 'would be the wish of her Majesty to receive the city address on passing through the city or not, and in reply Sir James Graham stated it would be more in accordance with the wishes of the Queen that the address sbould be forwarded to him, as it might delay the arrival of her Majesty at Weimer Castle. The city address was accordingly sent to the Right Hon. Baronet. The weather this morning was on the whole fine for the month of November, and all the arrangements for the decoration of the houses along the High-street from West-gate to Deal-road, and the erection of galleries and triumphal arches were in excellent taste. At West-gate, the only city gate now r ema i n i ng , galleries were erected on each side of its lofty round towers, tastefully hung with coloured draperies, and ornamented with evergreens, and streamers and flags, emblazoned with the Royal and City arms, and others with inscriptions expressive of attachment to the reigning family. The noble archway was also pro fusely hung with evergreens, with the Royal initials of V. A. in large gilt characters. On the eastern tower was hoisted the Royal standard. That part of the city was densely crowded for some considerable time before the Queen's arrival, and by one o'clock the galleries were filled with the families of the clergy connected with the cathedral and those of the civic authorities. At the end of High-street, by the Dane John, a triumphal arCli Was formed across the road with co lumns on each side, with " Welcome" inscribed in large letters over the carriage way, the whole being decorated with evergreens and various coloured flags. About one o'clock the depots of the 94th, 21st, and 96th Regiments, and some privates. of the 39th and 51st, came into the High-street, and formed in double line by St. Margaret's-lan e , as the intended guard of honour of her Majesty. aptain Holt commanded. A party of the Bth Hu ssars com manded by Lieut. James, were drawn up o n the opposite side of the street, and were to form th e escort to r elieve the 7th Hussars, and attend the Queen, as was understood, as far as Wingham, on the road* to Sandwich. By two o clock the thousands congregated from St. Dunstan's, along the line selected for the Royal route, as far as St. Thomas's-hill, wer e mo mentarily expect ing the arrival of her Maje s t y , and the Royal car riages which passed throu g h th e c ity for Walmer, with the principal domestics in the Royal household, occasioned a stir every 'now and then amongst the populace. The windows of e very h ous e were occupied by parties of ladies, all . evid en tly anx ious for the ar rival of her Majesty. At twenty minutes to three the Royal carriage, es corted by the cavalry, was discerned from St. Dun stan's, and the gratifying intelligence passed very quickly to the remotest part of the city. At precisely a quarter to three o'clock her Majesty and his Royal Highness reached West-gate, the Queen and Prince having been loudly cheered from St. Dunstan's by the people. A Royal s m al u u l t t e itu t d va e s rent immediately fired from the gaol, an the a ir with their enthu siastic acclamations of joy, the ladies in the galleries at the same time waving their handkerchiefs, betoken ing their pleasure in beholdin g t h e i r am i a bl e an d de dthe voted Sovereign within the precincts of the city. Owing to the thoroughfare being thronged on either side with spectators, the spud of the horses was abated, and the Royal carriages progressed along the High-street at a slow pace, amidst the warm and oft-repeated cheering of the loyal inhabitants and others congregated to welcome their Queen on the occasion. The pleasure of the people was unexpectedly height ened by the opportunity they had of beholding, the lovely little Princess Royal and the Prince of Wales, who were held to the carriage windows by their at tendants, the Dowager Lady Lyttelton, in care of their Royal Highnesses, 1-, -eing.tvith them. The guard of honour, before , the Royal carriages arrived at St. Margaret's-lane, passed to the Fountain Hotel, where relays of horses were in waiting, and on her Majesty's arrival received-her with the customary honours. The escort kept close in the rear of the Queens carriage. It wasqabout ten ,minutes tothree when the Royal: carriage drove up . to the hotel;' and after the necessary delay ot changing the horses the Royal cortege immediately resumed its - route by the High-street to the Deal-road. The " Royal progress," as' faras St. Thomas's-hill, afforded a very animated scene, the liveliest demon strations of the people rendering the reception of the Queen at once gratifying to herself and'to the illus trious Prince, her consort. The Royal cortege consisted of three carriages, the first with her Majesty and. prince Albert, the second containing the Prince of 'Wales and the Princess Royal, and the third .the Countess of Dunmore, Lady in `Waiting; Viscount Hawarden, Lord in Waiting; Lord Charles Wellesley and Colonel Wylde, Equerries in Waiting on the Queen and Prince. Owing to the lateness of the hour, it will be impos sible to give a lengthened notice of her Majesty's pro gress to Sandwich. The Duke of Wellington, as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, received her. Majesty a sh or t di s t ance this side of Sandwich, and attended the Queen direct to Walmer Castle. - • • ----- --This afternoon about , fi E v ARRIVAL OF -HER MAJESTY. D suite arrived at Walmer Castle (the seat of the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports) in perfect s a fety, ne, o'clock,Tfru n h As e r r E m v a.i E e N s i t N y c and. amid the joyous the at various p o i n t s , the greetings of a numerous co nco urse of her loyal sub pacts. a pets. As the Royal cortege passed through the va riousrc e s townsthatand under triumphal h ut most joy and rejoicing were manifested by her people. The weather was rather unpropitious —a thick driz zling had along been ect ad rain having continued to fall during the greater part of the day ; but this circumstance seemed in no way to affect the loyalty of the men and women of Kent. The Duke of Wellington left Dover this morning at an early hour, to meet the Queen on the threshold of the Cinque Ports, and to conduct her to his marine residence, `'Palmer Castle, the keys of which he delivered in due form to her Majesty • and after the Queen had taken possession of the dastle, his Grace returned to the Ship Hotel, at Dover his present temporary residence, which he reached by 1 ism o'clock! To-morrow the Dover Harbour Commissioners, of whom the Noble Duke, as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, is the head, hold their sessions at Dover, when, it is reported (though we rather suspect the veracity of the report), her Majesty will come over to that place, and take luncheon at the Governor's house, at Dover Castle, while her Royal Consort attends the harbour sessions with the Duke. There does not yet seem to be any certainty as to the time her Majesty will remain at Walmer Castle ; but as her Majesty is understood to be particularly partial to a sea view, which cannot of course be obtained at Brighton, it. is not unlikely her stay may be prolonged much beyoild what is generally anticipated. The "'own Council of Dover met yesterday, and made the necessary ar rangements for paying all due honour to our beloved Queen. WALMER CASTLE. Jactat Walmer novas celebris arces Notus Cte.sareis locus trophceis. Walmer renowned, her new-built castle boasts, A place well-known to Caesar's armed hosts. The old historical memories which attach to Wal mer Castle, and which, from the earliest pages of our annals downward, have contributed to throw no slight celebrity around it, are now about to add to their number the visit of our illustrious Queen, in defence of whose shores and people its bulwarks were originally built. Weliner Castle stands close to the sea-shore, at some distance from the village of the same name, and commands a fine view of the Downs, and coast of France. It was built by her Majesty's ancestor, King Henry the Eighth, in the year 1539, and therefore bears at the present moment upon its walls and bas tions the marks and furrows of three hundred and three years. Its form of construction is that of four round lunettes of very thick stone-arched work, with many large port-holes. In the middle is a great round tower, with a cistern on the top of it, and underneath an arched cavern, bomb-proof; the whole is encompassed by a fosse, over which is a draw-bridge. Before Walmer Castle was built there existed be tween it and Deal Castle, which lies but at a short distance, two eminences of earth, called the Great and Little Bulwark. These still remain, as proof of the necessity understood by our ancestors of fortify ing this portion of the coast. These once had embrasures for guns, and formed with others a defensive line of batteries along that part of the shore, where there was deep water, and where ships of war could approach the shore to cover the disembarking of an enemy's army. The Governor ship of Walmer Castle was, by Act of 32 Henry VIII. cap 48, together with the others built in this county and Sussex, collectively known under the name of Quinque Portuuin, or Cinque Ports, put under the rule of a Captain or Lord Warden, an office at the present moment honourably filled by the illustrious Duke. It was on this spot that the Roman Eagle, after traversing with unfurled wing the intervening seas, first stooped and alit in Britain. Here Caesar, herald ing his cohorts, landed; and here, too, this " lord of legions" fought his first battle in the sea, before British prowess or patriotism allowed an invader to plant foot upon our shores. It was here, also, that on the fourth night after his arrival, a great storm damaged and destroyed so many of his high-proved ships of burthen, and so injured his galleys, that he was com pelled to draw them ashore, where the foundations of Walmer are now embedded, subsequently enclosing them with his camp and fortifications. The remnants of this " ship-camp" are still to be seen ; and Camden designates the remains by the terse appellative of " Rome's works." Not, however, - but that Caesar's " sea-camps " existed in a far mightier body and shape than any traces of the present day exhibit them, for most of them have, ages since, been ab sorbed by the ocean, which has so long been exercising its power, and wasting the coast away. Even since Henry the Eighth's time it has carried off the sea-ward esplanade of Walmer, and part of its cir cular forts. Of late years, indeed, only the providen tial ejectment of pebbles has put a stop to the en croachment, in some measure ; yet it is still amazing to see how, by degrees, fosses and trenches are filled up, and the waters fly even over the banks a consider able way into the land. Camden and Lambarde, in referring to the second expedition of Caesar hither, state that he again landed at Walmer, and most likely at the exact spot where he had done so the year before. After he had taken his final departure from Britain, the Romans no longer resorted to this locale, but used the port of Rich borough on all occasions. Placing one's-self on the turrets of Walmer, an extensive and magnificent prospect appears on every side. Sandwich haven,—the resort and rendezvous of war, and trading-ships, and a vast maritime popula tion ; Deal,—which in Henry the Eighth's time was only a small fishing-village, but which now contains nearly four thousand souls, with its bold open beach, dock-yards, and stores ; the Goodwin Sands,—with their soft, spongy, porous surface whose quicksands will, in six days, swallow up a ship of the largest size that may chance to strike on them, and which have " ingurgitated" and voraciously devoured multitudes of wrecked crews, and properties both personal and landed ;—these, more or less, meet the eye of the spec tator. But the finest view of all is the magnificent ex panse of the Downs—a safe and commodious road stead for the largest fleets of ships—eight miles in length, and about six wide, and which, with innume rable merchant ships, is sometimes entirely covered. Their waters gleam in the sunset, and roll to the op posite coast, with a smooth splendour, which the finest channels of other seas cannot often how. As regards situation, Walmer lies adjoining Deal in a southward direction, being so called as Valium Maris or Wall-mer, being the wall, or fortification made agair.st the sea. It was once part of the hun dred of Cornilo, and the manor in which it is situated Nvas anciently part of the possessions of the eminent family of Auberville. The Captains of Walmer Castle have been as follows : Thomas Alleyn, Gent., appointed by King Henry VIII. for life, obiit anno 4 Edward VI. In the year 1558, the Captain of Walmer Castle was killed by a felon. William Blaichinden, Esq., appointed by King Edward VI., June 12, in his fourth year for life. Edmund Lisle, Esq., appointed in 1616 for life, and died Oct. 1, 1637. John Mennes, appointed on Nov. 10, 1637, anno 13 Charles 1., for life. Christopher Boys was afterwards Captain. lion. Charles James Fox, in 1779. William Scott, Esq., 1800. Mr. Pitt, also Colonel of the Cinque Port Cavalry. Lastly, his Grace the Duke of Wellington, of whom, it is to be hoped, that he may yet survive many years in the enjoyment of the office. Towards the village of Walmer, there extends a flat, many feet lower than the high-water mark, which the beach thrown up along the shore, has fenced from the sea, and which probably, when Cresor landed, was all covered with water. Round Walmer Church, which stands at the south-end of the village, on a rise, is a deep single fosse. Walmer is noted for the salubrity of its air, and, in addition to the beauties of the scenery we have de scribed, for its adjoining country, consisting almost wholly of unenclosed corn fields. The high-road from Deal to Dover, passes through the village which is called Walmer-street, and is built in a neat and prepossessing style. Several handsome houses adorn it, which' are much resorted to in the summer season for the benefit of sea bathing, and the purity of the air. Leland, in his " Itinerary," gives the following description of Walmer in his time, that being in th e reign of " bluff King Harry :" " Walmer is about a mile from Dele shore, and looke as from the farther syde of the mouth of Dovar ; the shore is low to W almere, so is the shore all cliffy and hye from Walmere to the very point of Dovar Castell • and there the s h ore f a ll et h flat, and a little beyound the towne of Dovar the shore cleveth to Folkestone. From Walmere to St. Margaretes ij miles, and ij miles to Dovar." The town of Walmer at present contains about 100 houses, 'and upwards of 800 acres of land. Its church has been long reckoned a perpetual curacy, and continues so at this time. It is not valued in the Queen's books. WYNYARD lIOUSE, WEDNESDAY.—The Marquis of Londonderry, who had the misfortune to break his arm by his horse falling with him on Monday, while hunting, is going on well. Last night his Lordship had some refreshing sleep, and the limb has been set with skill by his Lordship's medical attendants. The Marchioness wrote by yesterdays post to Holderness House, to say that the answer to any inquiries was to be that the Marquis was recovering. Lord Castle reagh arrived from town last week, being his second visit to his noble relatives since his return from the east, and will remain here some time. All the pre liminaries have been arranged for the marriage of the Lady Fanny Emily Vane Stewart, eldest daughter of the Marquis and Marchioness, with the Marquis of Blandford, eldest son of the Duke of Marlborough, and the ceremony will take place in town at the close of the ensuing season, by which period the Marquis will have attained his majority. His Lordship is now cruising with Captain Lyon, in the Circassian yacht, in the Mediterranean, whence he intended to make a tour in Syria and Egypt. VISCOUNT MELBOURNE.—The answer to inquiries on Thursday at the Noble Viscount's residence in South street was that his Lordship cont inued to improve in health, but he was not y e t able to leave his room, and it was uncertain when his Lordship would remove to town. We hear also that the Noble ex-Premier is gradually recovering his usual gay spirits. The Earl and Countess o f Granville have arrived at Florence, from Germany. THE FRENCH IN ALGIERS. Dispatches have been received by the Minister of War from the Governor-General of Algeria, dated Algiers, 25th and 30th ult., and enclosing reports from various quarters, by the commanding officers of divisions. All that is of any importance in these re ports is noticed at sufficient length in the dispatches of the Governor-General for it to be unnecessary for us to give more than the latter. The reports consist chiefly of dry details of affairs with hostile tribes, in ' which the results were of no magnitude, but were in variably in favour of the French. In the first dispatch of Gen. Bugeaud, dated the 25th, he' says " The autumnal campaign is now over, and we are able to appreciate the results of it; but, in order to do so, we must take a retrospective view of events. After the rude checks which Abd-el-Kader experienced in the winter and in the spring, he threw himself on the frontiers of Morocco, where he, in the first instance, found support from the population ; but, beaten three times, as well as his auxiliaries, by• Gen. Bedeau, and having no hope of direct succour from the Emperor, he proceeded to the desert south of Tekedempta, where he collected the remains of the regular forces of the Kalifats of Mustapha Ben Tamy, Sidi Embarrak, and Miloud Ben Arrach. Being followed up closely by General Lamoriciere during the summer, lie was unable to make any serious progress. He put for ward, however, the most terrible menaces against all the tribes who should refuse to take up arms In his favour; and his proclamations, which were circulated even as far as the towns in our possession, produced great uneasiness amongst our allies, and a strong feeling of excitement amongst the tribes who had not made their submission. We opposed the influence of the Emir by a menacing proclamation for the tribes who should break their faith, and by the excessive activity of our columns; but the weakness of our columns, and above all, the distance, and other occu pations, prevented us from penetrating into the Moun tains of Ouanaris, between the Chelif and the Mina. There was nothing, besides, to indicate that it was there that the Emir and his lieutenants were concentrating their resources. It turned out how ever, to be from that point that the modern Jugurtha commenced in September the campaign which he had so pompously announced. Allowing General Lamo riciere, who was seeking him at the south and south east of Tekedempta, to pass by, he threw himself upon the tribes who had submitted, on the right bank of the Lower Chelif, and then crossing the country of the Flittas, where he obtained reinforcements, lie came and attacked Bordj, and the towns of Kalaa, at a dis tance of six leagues from Mascara. In this excursion the Emir massacred, without the least pity, the indi viduals of the submitted tribes who fell into his hands. We could not imitate him in this horrible career, and confined ourselves to making prisoners amongst the tribes who had broken their faith to us. General Lamoriciere, informed of the course thatAbd-el-Kader had taken, did not deem it necessary to turn away from the object he had in view—namely, to reach the numerous emigrants who had hitherto followed that chief. He wished also to lay waste the country around Tekedempta, and he reckoned on these means to bring the Emir more . quickly back from Mascara than if he went directly in search of him. Besides, an appointment had been made with certain great tribes of the Desert, and it would have been ill-judged to break it. Leaving, therefore, to General d'Arbouville, and the garrison of Mascara, the care of repulsing the inva sion, General Lamoriciere proceeded with his plans. His calculation proved just; for the Emir, being badly received by the population around Mascara, and pres singly called on by the tribe which General Lamo riciere was devastating to come to their assistance, he fell on the Sdamas who happened to be in his road. This tribe fought valiantly, and at last beat back their aggressors, who, having continued their way, fell on the foragers of General Lamoriciere, which caused the combat of the Bth, of which you know the details. Since that period we have had no news of Abd-el- Kader, but what proves that he is at a distance or unusually inactive—is that confidence has returned to the whole country. This is what General d'Ar bouville writes word, who has returned to Mostaga nem, after having scoured the still insubmissive country of the Flittas. Thus Abd-el-Kader's cam paign between the Chelif and the Mina has com pletely failed, and has given another proof of his inabi lity to recover power. With the exception of a few tribes or fractions of tribes on the central Chelif and among the Flittas, the whole country has remained faithful to France. We must not, however, sleep over this success. The Emir, supported by the Ka byles of the Ouanaris, situate between the Chelif and the Mina, in a country which it will be difficult for us to attack during the winter , can annoy exceedingly the districts that have submitted. We shall not re main inactive, and in order to be able to penetrate between the two rivers, I am urging on the construc tion of a bridge over the Mina. But whilst Abd-el- Kader was endeavouring to retrieve his aftairs in the east of the province of Oran, I took away from him the east of the province of Algiers, and his Kalifat Ben-Salem was overturned. At the same time Gen. Changarnier procured the submission of the province of Tittery, which still counted some insurgent tribes. Col. Saint-Arnaud was ruining on the lower Oued- Fodda the insubmissive tribes which had taken up arms on the appearance of Abd-el-Kader. To sum up, the autumnal campaign leaves us in the following posi tiOn :—From the foot of the Jurjura to a line drawn from the mouth of the Oued-Ruma in the Chelif, as far as Tam and the Desert, the whole country has sub mitted, and carries on at present trade with Algiers. The same is the case with all the country between the Mina, the frontier of Morocco, the sea, and the Desert. The war, therefore, is concentrated between the Chelif and the Mina, on a square of about 25 leagues of coast. But as there are about 150 leagues from the Jurjura to the frontier of Morocco, it follows that Abd-el-Kader has lost five-sixths of his states, all his forts and war depots, his permanent army, and, what is still worse, the influence attached to his name even in 1840." In a second dispatch, dated Algiers, Oct. 25, the Governor-General says :—" The state of affairs re mains the same as at the departure of the last mail— great commerce, great security, great activity. We have received from Grasse 39 families, whom we have installed at the village of Cheragas. They are healthy and strong, and appear to be fit for farming. At twelve o'clock to-day arrived at Algiers Mahy-el- Din and all the chiefs from the East. The day after to-morrow I shall confer the investiture upon them." On October 30, General Bugeaud writes :—" All the eastern chiefs (of the ex-government of the Ka lifat of Ben Salem) who arrived at Algiers on the 25th, were brought by Mahy el Din. These personages and their suite amounted to 124 horsemen. The 26th was employed in organising that government, and, on the 27th, all the chiefs nominated went to the Palace of the Government, preceded by a band of music, and bearing the colours which I presented to the Kalifat in the name of the King. After my address, and the answer of the Kalifat, I gave the investiture, announc ing that it would require the sanction of his Majesty. All the Arabs appeared to be deeply impressed with the importance of the act they had solemnised. Their manners, words, and countenances expressed a loyalty which gave me confidence in the solidity of our 0- vernment in the east. On the same day all the chiefs departed, full of confidence, to take possession of their offices." William Brougham, Esq., one of the Masters in Chancery, his lady and family, on Monday last, left Brougham Hall, in the county of Westmoreland, the seat of Lord Brougham, his brether, for Southamp ton-buildings, London. We understand that Henry Kemmis, Esq., Q.C., has been appointed to the Chairmanship of Kilmain ham, vacant by the resignation of Maxwell Blacker, Esq. ; and that Christopher Coppinger, Esq., succeeds Mr. Kemmis as Chairman of the county Kildare.— Dublin Mail. - - ---- TILE Int sH-orricE.—Work men, by ordefoftheßoard of Works, are now employed in repairing the Irish office in Great Queen-street, and no intention exists of removing the business of the department to Gwydyr House, Whit4hall, at present. CELEBRATION OF TUB PRINCE OF WALES'S BIRTH DAY.—WhiIe some of the tradesmen of Brighton were celebrating the birthday of the infant Prince, at the White Horse Hotel, on Wednesday evening, the company were disturbed by some miscreant throwing through the window a stone of two or three pounds' weight, which glanced by the head of the high con stable, who was in the chair, and fell on the table. Several persons immediately rushed out, but the ruffian had escaped. TRALEE.—The fair in this town on Monday was very numerously attended, and there was a large show of stock ; but the farmers complained loudly of the depreciation in value, there being a decided falling off in prices, except for sheep, even s ince the las t fair here, on the 10th of October. Very little busi ness was transacted, and, on the whole, it was a bad fair for sellers. Good much cows fetched 81., inferior ones much lower; heifers from 31. to 31. 10s.: a few prime ones, 41. ; store sheep, Bs. to 10s. ; fat ditto, 18s. to 20s. In the price of pigs there was a remark.. able falling off, the best description bringing but 20s. the cwt.; inferior ditto, 15s. to 18s. The prices at our last fair averaged 28s. the cwt.—Kerry Exam' NATIONAL OPERA. — We are enabled to state, Zr on . the best authority, that the long wished for Music Hall is likely soon to be in course of erection. is n and less Thepatron of this national undertaking than Prince Albert. Earl Homp'e'es,r of such asil e ud eshs practical a r Pe ac r ti s c o a n l distin guished names, will shortly pa add, that the Committee will consista when we men as Messrs. Broadwood, Erard, C o ll ar d, Addi son , Chappell, Beale, Cramer, &c., there can b e no d ou bt that they will e eagerlysu supported by all l o vers of national music. It is gratifyin g in quiry of last week, as to what h to ad u us become that our ofhe National Opera, is so satisfactorily answered. We shall lay the full p ar ti cu l ars before- our readers next week.—Dramati c an d M usical Review. FRIDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE. INDIAN DISPATCHES. (In Continuation of the Dispatches from India, published in the Gazette of the Bth inst.) NOTIFICATION. Simla, Sept. 13, 1844. The Governor-General of India is pleased to dir the publication of the following copies of a letter from Major-General Pollock, C. 8., dated Aug. 26, and its inclosure, in continuation of his dispatch of the 25th ult., published in General Orders of the 4th inst. By order, &e.., T. H. MADDOCE, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. FROM MAJOR-GENERAL POLLOCR, C. 8., COMMANDING IN AFFOHANISTAN, TO T. H. MADDOCK , ESQ., SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. Camp, Mammoo Khail, Aug. 26, 1842. Sir,—l have the honour to forward, for the in formation of the Right Honourable the Gover nor-General of India, a copy of a letter from Major-General J. M‘Caskill, K.H., commanding the infantry division, transmitting a copy of a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Taylor, K.H., commanding her Ma jesty's 9th foot, regarding the omission of the name of an officer in the report yesterday forwarded to you. I shall feel gratified if this omission can be rectified. I have, &c., G. POLLOCK, Major-General, Commanding in Affghanistan. FROM LIEUTENANT -COLONEL A. IL TAYLOR, HER MA JESTY'S 9TH FOOT, TO CAPTAIN HAVELOCK, DE PUTY ASSISTANT -ADJUTANT-GENERAL. Camp, Mammoo Khail. Aug. 26, 1842. Sir,—ln my report of yesterday's date to you, for the information of Major-General APCaskill, K. 11., commanding the troops engaged on the hills and in front of Kooclee Khail, on the 24th instant., with the enemy, I beg to observe, that I have inadver tently omitted to mention that Captain Taylor, of the 26th native infantry, was in command of that portion of the force, consisting o: two companies of the 26th native infan try, half a company of her Majesty's 9th foot, and about 30 or 40 sappers, which were so warmly engaged during the day in defence of the left of our position, when much pressed by the enemy retiring before Brigadier Tulloch's column. Those troops behaved with great spirit and gallantry ; and Captain Taylor deserves every praise fur his zeal and exertions on the occasion. I hare, &c. A. B. TAYLOR, Lieutenant-Colonel, 9th Foot. Erratum in the Gazette of the Bth instant—ln the letter from Major-General Pollock, dated August 25, 1842, for " Captain Ponsonby, Assistant-Adjutant-Gene ral ; Captain Lank , Commissary of Ordnance ;" read, " Captain Ponsonby, Assistant Adjutant-General ; Cap tain Macadam, Deputy Judge Advocate-General ; Cup tain Lane, Commissary of Ordnance." ST. JAMES'S PALACE, OCT. 31. . _ The Queen has been pleased, on the nomination of Lord Forester, to appoint James Matthias Gilbertson, Esq., one of her Majesty's llonourable Corps of Gentle men-at-Arms, vice Walsh, retired. WHITEHALL, Nov. 8. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Seal appointed by the Treaty of Union to be made use of in place of the Great Seal of Scotland, granting the office of her Majesty's Solicitor- General for Scotland to Adam Anderson, Esq., Advocate. The Lord Chancellor has appointed William Buckle, of Cheltenham, in the county of Gloucester, Gent., to b• a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. ADMIRALTY, Nov. 10. Corps of Royal Marines—ll. T. Swain, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant ; C. R. Driver, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire and Borough of Kingston-upon-Hull. C. Wood, Esq., M.P., to be Vice-Lieutenant, Oct. 13. WAR-OFFICE, OCT. 27. MEMORANDUM.—The 72d Regiment of Foot was per mitted, on the 19th of December, 1823, by his late Ma jesty George the Fourth, to be called " The 72d, or the Duke of Albany's Own Highlanders .;" and his Majesty was further pleased, on 21st June, 1824, to approve of his Royal Highness's Cypher and Coronet being borne upon the colours of that Regiment. WAR-OFFICE, Nov. 11. 10th Regt. of Light Dragoons—Lieut. A. Cathcart to be Captain, by purchase, vice Sir J. G. Baird, Bart., who retires ; Cornet J. C. Ferrier, to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Cathcart, Nov. 11. 12th Regiment of Light Dragoons—Lieut. E. Morant to be Captain, by purchase, vice E. Vandelcur, who re tires ; Cornet F. M. Mulcaster to be Lieutenant, by pur chase, vice Morant ; T. C. Maunsell, Gent., to be Cor net, by purchase, vice Mulcaster, Nov. 11. 23d Regiment of Foot—Second Lieut. J. Wynne to be Adjutant, vice Ellis, who resigns the Adjutantcy only, Nov. 11. 44th Foot—Ensign 11. H. J. Massy to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Hackett, whose promotion, by pur chase, has been cancelled ; R. Bainbridge, Gent. to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Massy. promoted, Nov. 11. 57th Foot—Assistant-Surgeon F. H. Clark, from the 95th Foot, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Neville, de ceased, Nov. 11. 77th Foot—Capt. J. Hamilton, from half-pay 42d Foot, to be Captain, vice Brevet Major G. Stuart., who exchanges; Lieut. LI. J. White to'be Captain, by pur chase, vice Hamilton, who retires ; Ensign E. 11. L. Crofton to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice White ; H. R. Carden. Gent., to be Ensign, by. purchase, vice Crof ton, Nov. 11. 88th Foot—Lieut. D. Cahill, from the 46th Foot, to be Paymaster, vice Roberts, deceased, Nor. 11. 95th Foot—Assistant-Surgeon W. Sall, from the Royal Newfoundland Companies, to be Assis:ant-Sur geon, vice Clark, appointed to the 57th Foot, Nov. 11. Royal Newfoundland Companies—J. C. Martin, Gent. to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Sall, appointed to the 95th Foot, Nov, 11. BREVET.—Captain J. Hamilton, of the 77th Regiment of Foot, to be Major in the Army, Jan. 10. ADMIRALTY, Nov. 5. Corps of Royal Marines—First Lieutenant and Ad jutant T. B. Gray, to be Captain, vice Layton. de ceased ; Second Lieutenant J. E. 'W. Lawrence, to be First Lieutenant, vice Gray promoted ; First Lieutenant J. H. Gascoigne, to be Adjutant, vice Grey. DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVENCY. JOHN PEARCE, coach-maker, Kennington-cross. WILLIAM AYTON, brazier, Milton, Kent. BANKRUPTCIES SUPERSEDED. GEORGE WEGG, draper, Ipswich. ANTHONY WM. GORGES DOW and WILLIAM RICHMOND, vinegar-manufactnrers, Liverpool. BANKRUPTS. CHARLES YANDLE and GEORGE FIELD, coach makers, Marylebone, Nov. 21, at twelve, and Dec. 23, it eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Alsager, Birchin lane, official assignee ; Wells, Percy-street, Bedford square. EDWARD BRIGGS ROBINSON, printer. Notting ham, to surrender Dec. 9 and 23, at twelve, at the George the Fourth Inn, Nottingham. Johnson, Son, and Weatherall, Temple, London ; Bowley, Nottingham. RICHARD LINDON, corn factor, Snapes, Devon shire, Nov. 24, and Dec. 23, at eleven, at the Royal Hotel, Plymouth. Weymouth and Green, Cateaton street, London ; Murrell, Kingsbridge. THOMAS BARTHOLOMEW FEHR, wine and irn - i i n Bourneh li and °l‘V m spirit merchant, Dudley, Nov. 29, and Dec. 23, at t wo , at an d t y he ou W ng a , te N rl e o i o v -r l o n o n m , Waterlo o -room s , London; B i rmingh am. ax el n i :ri r g tu h s t, Dudley; Bartleet, Birmingham. ROBERT STEUART, manufacturer of artficial granite, Grosvenor-wharf, Pimlico, Nov. 29, at twelve, and Dec. 23, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green, Aldermanbury, official assignee ; Lane, Argyll-street. STUART RAY, bookbinder , Duk e-street, St. James's, Nov. 22, at one, and Dec. 23, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, Abchurch-lane, Lombard-street, official assignee ; Wright and Co., Golden-square. RICHARD JAMES WEBB, tailor, Piccadilly, Nov. 24, at half-past ten, and Dec. 23, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee ; Bodman, Queen-street, Cheapside. GEORGE TALBOT KNOWLES, cotton spinner, Manchester, Dec. 7, and 23, at two, at the Commission ers'-rooms, Manchester. Baxters,-Lincoln's Inn-Fields, London ; Sale and Worthington, Manchester. HANNAH CHARLTON, milliner, Regent - street , Nov. 19, at half-past ten, and Dec. 23, at eleven, at . the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, o ffi cial assignee, Basing hall-street. ; Parker, St. Paul's Church-yard. HENRY BUNDEY, builder, Upp er York- p lace, Port - land-town, Marylebone, • Nov 22, a t twelve, rnd Dec. 23 , at eleven, at the Court of B an k ru p tc y • Johnson, official assignee, Basing h a ll- s treet ; Gray and Berry, Grove place, Lisson-grove. GEORGE JAMES MARSHALL and WILWooLIAM CHARLES HALL, n -rehousemen, street, Cheapside, Cheapside, No v. 22, at twelve, and Dec. 23, at eleven, at the Court of B ankru p tc y . Edwards, Fre derick's-place, Old Jewry, official assignee ; Van Sandau eet, and Cumming, King-str DIVIDENDSCheapside. At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street. T. Morten, sea, builder, Htllingdon, Dec. 2, at twelve —C. King, J. Sandell, and D. H. King, paper stainers, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Dec. 10, at eleven—R. Lyon, cabinet maker, High Holborn, Dec, 10, at twelve _s . K n ight, cattle dealer, West Lloathley, Sussex, Dec, 10, at one. In the Country. T. Benson, grocer, Darlington, Durham Dec. 15, at twelve, at the Rings Head I nn , D ar li ngton. ' CERTIFICATES—DEC. 2. J. Watson, sen., and J. Watson,jun., common brewers, Wath-upon-Dearne, Yorkshire—R. Russell, provision dealer, Bradford, Y or k sh i re—W. Mainwaring, coal master, Dudle y, y, Worcester s hi re —ll. Payn, master ma riner, Liverp oo l_ J. Walker, R. Ackroyd, and E. Antsy, stuff merchants, Leeds. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. J. and G. T. Arnold, booksellers, Liverpool—F. Skill and T. Rackham, printers, Norwich—G. Ilirtzel, H. L. llirtzel, a n d F. D . L . Hi rt zel, wine merchants, Exeter (so far as regards 11. L. Hirtzel)—F. Abraham and H. M. Stone, drapers, Barton-upon-Humber , Lincolnshire—J. F. Blandford and M. Hare, chemists, Charlotte-street, Fitzroy-square—J. Taylor and W. K. Grignon, wine ' Hodson, and J. Egar, linen drapers , Cambridge—S. D. merchants, Suffolk-street, Pall-mall—Jn. Hodson, Js. Nicklin and M. Coon, lithographers, Ne .. wgate-street— M. and W. Fidler, maltsters, Ewell, Surrey—R. D. Hodge and M. Thompson, Jun.,.rcurriers, Thirsk, York shire—W. Berkeley and B. L. Giles, coal merchants, London-street, Ratcliff e -cross—A..-cross—A. and M. Robertson, dyers, Darwin, Lancashire—R. and 'l'. Sutcliffe, cotton s pinners, Heptonstall, Lancashire—J. Rosser and J. B. Snead, timber merchants, Chepstow, Monmouthshire— E. Slater and J. Sanders, upholders, Brompton—L. Pear son and W. B. Tate, writing-ink manufacturers. Wilson street, Finsbury—J. Cooksey and J. Jukes, coal masters, Rowley, Staffordshire. PRICE OF SUGAR. The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, oornritla from the Returns made in the Week ending Nov. 11, 1842, is 365. 80. per cwt., exclusive of the Duties of Castsras_paid oe payable the reon on t h e i mportat i on t h ereo f i n to Great Britain. - 4,,0 , I - ••••• THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY MORNING, NOTEMBER 12, 1842,