The Sun. — London, England, 1856-08-28 00:00:00

1 sf ROYAL SURREY GARDENS.--JULLIEN'S C DNCERTS. The MOZ A.11.T CO AMEMORA.TION.--A GILAND SELECTION of the works ot this illustrious composer will be given early in September, to commemorate the 100th Anniversary of his girth. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. This Theatre will Open for t he Semen on Monday neat, September the Ist, whir will be presented (first time under the present manage. ment) Sheridan's tragic play Plof ZARRO. Rolla, by Mr. C. Kean ; Elvira, by Mrs. C. Kean. After which will be produced a new petite comedy, in two acts, entitled. offences I But what is fb .e fusillade, the gibbet, or the guillotine in comparison to the fate •f those buried in a living tomb and experiencing _ _ lingering deaths I The summary punishment would have been real mercy in. comparison to what they have endured for so many wasting years. Let the false pretences then be unsparin Ay ex poked, and the real state of affairs under which such things are possible, placed in a correct point of view, so that " he who runs may read." It is not the least striking proofof the awful con dition ia which they are involved that so many per sonspiaced at the mercy of their taskmasters should be ready to oome forward to reveal " the secrets of the prison-house," and to risk the further tor tures to which they may be exposed in conse quence. They have boldly affixed their names to the heart-rending statement—have braved the wrath of their keepers—rather than tamely submit to a continuance of their unmerited and unendur able miseries. Their truly pitiable case has been made known to the world. It is " wafted on the wings of the Press" throughout the length and breadth of Europe ; and ALEXANDER and FRANCIS JOSEPH, and even BOMBA. himself, may boast of their comparative leniency. What are the horrors even of Siberia to those of Cayenne ? Intense cold is even more tolerable to a European constitution than the sweltering heat of a tropical sun. What are the banishings and confiscations of " the Red Emperor,' to the terrible sufferings inflicted by the Junior Member of the Imperial Family on his victims ? If ever there was a case for remonstrance, if ever a friendly nation. might fairly and legitimately in- terfere on behalf of the subjects of another Power, it is in the deplorable instance under notice. Surely the representative of England at the Tuileries might make an application on behalf of these sufferers, and afford an opportunity to Louis NAPOLEON of removing what will otherwise remain an indelible blot on his escutcheon, a permanent stain on his character, which cannot be eradicated by any amount of success, however brilliant or striking. The groans of the political victims at Cayenne will ascend to HEAVEN, and bring forward at some period or another, however long it may be postponed, a bitter retribution. There is an avenging NE3IESTS that pursues such crimes, and insures a fearful expiation sooner or later. To " reap what you have sown" would seem to be simple justice. The tradesman who, with patient perseverance, accumulates a little store of wealth, would feel himself aggrieved if deprived of it, and would successfully challenge the sym pathy of his neighbours under the deprivation. The merchant, whose warehouses groan with the luxuriant freightage of the ships his enterprise has despatched to every quarter of the globe, giving employment to hundreds and contributing to the enjoyment of all, would count himself ill- used if he were shut out from the market, and deprived of the means of converting his stock-in trade into money. The lawyer, whose eloquence and astuteness have reflected credit on the bar, and done good service to the cause of right, would see cause to murmur if the honours of the profession were denied him. The soldier and sailor, whose skill and valour have con: tributed to the safety as well as the glory of the State, _ look for promotion and other rewards as for an undoubted right. The common sense of mankind, indeed, has un- mistakeably pronounced that claim to be just which is based on the principle of reaping where you have sown. Yet, strange to tell, in this country, at least, that class which of all other classes has done most to swell the renown, aug ment the material resources, and promote the wellbeing of the people, has, generally speaking, been regarded as without the boundaries, so to speak, of the operation of the principle, and has only sown that others might reap. It has been, and still is, the fate of men of genius, and not least that section whose bent has been, or is, towards mechanical invention, to be thus wrong fully dealt with. And the worst of it is, the injustice of such treatment seems by no means to be generally recognised. It is exceedingly difficult, in fact, to convince many individuals that a man CAR have any fair claim t) share in the product of his brains. Even Government, which should be on the look-out to reward public benefactors in cases where reward is likely to be acceptable, is, to judge by its acts, stark blind or worse in relation to such claims. Look at the treatment experienced by HENRY CORT and his descendants—HENßY Con; the father of the British Iron Trade—the ingenious inventor, who, some seventy years ago, rescued the country from dependence on Sweden and Russia for her supply of wrought iron ! HENnY CORT, who originated the process whereby wrought-iron is manufactured cheap by the flame of pit coal in the puddling furnace, and the hardly less important process, also, whereby this cheap wrought iron is passe 1 through grooved rollers, so that the manufacturer is enabled to produce twenty tons of bar iron in the same time and with the same labour previously required to manipulate one ton of inferior quality. It is in the age of railways and tubular bridges the request made. Ho asked for no remune ration from Government, though he had expended 20,000/. in bringing his processes to perfection. All he asked was what could not be denied— patents to protect his rights. These being ob. tained, and contracts to pay him 103. per ton for ;he use of his processes, signed by the leading ronmasters, in steps a high officer of the Crown —the Treasurer of the Navy and Secretary of War—seizes his patents, and, under an extent obtained, it is alleged, by the perjury of a confi dential deputy, sundry freeholds, value 3, with the stocl and goodwill of a lucrative trade, at 39,0001., were handed over to the son of a public defaulter in the Treasurer's office The spoliation was sufficiently barefaced and out rageous. The remainder of the story is not out of keeping with the beginning. Of these iniquitous proceedings poor CORT could get no ace mint to the clay of his death in 1800, nor has any been ren dered since. Two or three years after his decease Parliament appointed a Commission of Naval In quiry to examine into the charge against the finan cial department of the navy—when it came out that the Treasurer and his confidential deputy, a few weeks before the sitting of the commission, had indemnified each other by a joint release, and agreed to burn their accounts for something ap proaching a million and a half of the public money which had passed th roug h th e i r h an d s Of course all the evidence in CORT'S CASA had vanished with the accounts in smoke. HENRY CORT was ruined, and his descendants deprived of the patrimony even he posseased before his ge nius had enrolled hi m hi g h in t he list of na tional benefactors ! Let us be just. The heaven-born minister, whose boson friend had perpetrated the spolia tion, relieved CoßT's distresses by a pension of 2001. a year, from which, however, 401. were unscrupulously docked. This was in 1794—five years after—and some six years before C•RT died. A pension of 1201. was nominally oon tinned to his widow s only 1004 being paid to her 1 In 1816 she died also, and two pensions of 251. 6s, each we re granted to her two unmarried daugh ters, of which they were not suffered to receive more t ban 19L At the present time HENRY CORT'S descendants are well nigh starving. Such was th e fate of one of our greatest national bene factor i--such is the condition of his offspring. Let the reader but look around at our iron shipping, our raEtways, our engines, our suspension and tubular bridges of iron, our iron batteries and palaces, and say whether this is or is not most dishonourable and degrading to the entire nation ! But, it may be urged, this is the fault of suc cessive Governments. Government is, and ought to be, as it may, for th honour and benefit of the people. If just thoughts were entertained of the ri; ;Ms of inventors such treatment would not be enperienced at the hands of Government. Since CoßT's time-...at the present day, in this impression of The Sun, the claims of public bene factors. like COST have needed and need vindica tion. If Government fails to spoliate, capital is at hand prompt and eager to undertake the task, and a BESSEMER requires a friend to cry " hands off" to men who build up princely for tunes by robbing the poor inventor of his capital under the plea of furnishing "cheap iron," There is rank injustice in the public mind in all that concerns the rights of genius, otherwise capital would not need the warning, and Government, acting for the nation, would, aignalise, by marks of distinction, and other rewards of a more sub stantial nature, the estimation in which the great benefactors of the country deserve and ought to be held. In the entire Peerage and Pension List where will yola find a greater public benefactor than CoRT DEPARTURE OF HER MAJESTY FOR SCOTLAND. This morning, shortly after seven o'clock, her Ma jesly, Prince Albert, and the Royal family took their departure from Buckingham Palace, and proceeded to the station of the Great Northern Railway, en route to Scotland. The Royal cortege arrived at King's cross at a few minutes before eight, and was received by the chairman of the company, B. Denison, Rig., M.P., Mr. Packe, Mr. Seymour Clark, the general manager, and a large body of other officials connected with the company. Her Majesty having alighted from her carriage, was con ducted to the train ; and her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the Royal family having entered the saloon, the signal was given, and precisely at the hour appointed (8 o'clock), the train quitted the station. The royal train was driven under the superintendence of ..rchibald Horrocks, Esq., and several of the direc tors occupied one of the carriages. The most perfect arrangements for the accommoda tion of her Majesty had been made by the railway offi cials, and everything was conducted with the greatest •rder and regularity. There was an immense concourse of persons colleoted outside the station, and as her Majesty passed she was loudly cheered. (By ELEOTaio TELEGRAPH.) YORK, THURSDAY. The train conveying her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the royal family arrived here at 12.44. The royal party partook of luncheon at the Royal Station Hotel, and immediately after proceeded onwards. The Queen was enthusiastically received. Sir Robert Peel has taken a dog-cart with him to St. Petersburg, and his smallest tiger. The hon. baronet is ap.arently intent on "astonishing the natives." adan:ie Grisi and Signor Marco are passing a week or two at Shanklin Island in the Isle of Wight. _ _ The heir presumptive of the Grand Duchy of Tus cany left Berlin on the 22d for Stettin, whence he will proceed to Copenhagen. " Prince de Demidoff," says a letter from Vienna, " who was lately in this city, has been struck at Kea- Bingen with paralysis, and is considered in considerable danger." Ths Prussian Government has decided, at the King's eapecial instance, on allowing the Church to administer for itself. Tile ecclesiastical authorities are soon to meet in a general synod for that purpose. Tin MARCMIS Or CHAIN2OO.—We have much plea sure in announcing that the noble marquis, who has been seriously indisposed at Wotton-house, is now so far recovered that he is euablcd to leave his Bucks Herald. FARNBOROUGH, Aug. 27.—The 72d Highlanders, consisting of 18 officers and 545 men, left this shtion this mort,ipg for Portsmouth, en route to Guernsey, under the command of Colonel Parke. Toe Dean and Chapter of Peterborough have appointei the Rev. W. A. White, late head master of the Cathedral Grammar School, to the rectory of Northborough— valut, 3301. _ _ _ It is understood here (Berlin) that a warning has been given to King Ferdinand of Naples that if any outbreak takes place in his dominions he is not to look to fJreign assistance from any quarter for its suppression. Austria has joined.in this warning. The railway from Oberhausen to Arnbeim, joining the Dutch and Prussian lines, is ready for the use of the public. The inauguration is fixed for the Ist of October. Marshal Radetzki has permitted a refugee, the Mar quis Raimondi, to return to Lombardy, and has ordered the sequestration on his property to be removed. The traveller can go now by land or sea from Paris to Sc. Petersburg for 150 francs. This sum used to be paid 15 years ago for a trip to Marseilles. DE VT a or LINDPAINTIE.—A. letter, dated Stuttgard, Aug. 22, in the Augsburg Gazette, states that Lind painter died at Nonnenhorn, on the Lake of Constance, on the Lake of Constance, on the 21st inst. A massive silver ring, with the inscription in old Eng. lish characters, " Ave Maria," and tne initial letters " J " and " T," separated by two hands clasping each other, has been recently dug up in a garden at Bramp ton, Cumberland. VIENNA, August 27.—The Emperor of Austria has off -red pardon to the Austrians who enlisted without permission in the Anglo-Italian Legion. Fcur hundred of thcse men are about to take advantage of this mea• sure, and return to their country. TURIN, August 26.—The Italian Correspondence announces that the Papal Commissioner at Ravenne3 has sent back to the Mayor a petition signed by the communal councillors, praying for elective councils. General Stakelberg has arrived here. A letter from Berlin says that the King of Prussia has invited the Emperor Alexander to be present at the grand military manoeuvres that are to take place about the end of September in the neighbourhood of that town. By that time the festivities of the coronation will be over, and the Emperor will go to the manceuvres at Kalisch, where an army of 100,000 men is to be con centrated. The Prince de Ligne, envoy extraordinary of the King of the Belgians, accompanied by the Pr ince:is of Ligne, arrived at St. Petersburg on the 16th. The Prince was t 3 be received by the Emperor on the 20th. The diplo matic corps, which is to represent at the coronation the various states of the civilised world, want only the Pope's envoy and the Turkish ambassador to be com plete. These two personagea will proceed to Moscow direct. SALE Of THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S PREMISES. —Yesterday, at Garraway's coffee-house, Change-alley, Mes re. Farebrother, Clark, and Lye offered to public auction the premises long occupied by the Horticultural Society of London, 21, Regent-street, Waterloo-place, with gallery in the rear, held on lease from the Crown for an unexpired term of sixty-two years, at a ground rent of 1501. per annum.—Knocked down at 4,9001. NIGHT SCENE IN A YOUNG LADY'S BEDCHAMBER.— Lat Tuesday night, which will be remembered as one of the warmest of the season, a young lady at the " West end " was excessively frightened at a little circumstance which transpired about the hour of midnight. The young lady, whose beauty is only equalled by her mo desty, and whose " eye's dark charm " has caused more than one waistcoat to palpitate, had retired to her cham ber, when, atter laying aside the greater portion of her wearing applrel, she committed herself to the tender embraces of Morpheus, whose soothing influences were aided by the cooling breath of Zephyr, who came in at the open window and fanned her cheeks with his fea thery wings. In a word, she was sneoz'og finely. It was about midnight, when the young lady was roused from her delicious slumber by hearing a noise at the window. Half unclosing her eyes she was startled by the sight of a corpulent form, apparently struggling to gain admission to her chainber through the open win dow. It struck her at once that the intruder had been caught by the rear of his unmentionables by a nail or some other sharp instrument, as he seemed to be strug gling with a stern determination to enter. Her first thought was to faint, her second to give the fellow a push, her third to jump out of the window as soon as he jumped in, her fourth to scream, which was immediately carried into effect. The whistle of the locomotive on the Iron Mountain road, when it gave its first snort on the 4th of July, was but a whisper to the scream of the young girl. The whole house, and half the neighbour hood, were awakened by the cry. The old folks, three female servant , , and two big brothers rushed to the rescue, and broomsticks, mop-handles, and bootjacks flashed in the gaslight as the household entered the chamber of the frightened beauty. An examination of the figure in the window dispelled the fears of all, and changed the screams of the young lady into shouts of laughter. The imaginary "fat man" was only her own darling hooped skirt, which she had hung on a hook near the window, and which the wind had inflated I and set in motion. There was no more sleeping in the home tha4t Jowl Hoak; Aug. 11. OUR WIFE. Books of Sheridaiaay of Pizarro, as arranged for representation the Royal-Plitt s Theatre by Charles Kean. with Historical Notes, are now. -street. ady, and ma be had at the stage door of the theatre In Oxford Price y Is. THEATRE ROYAL, FIAYMAREET. 'Under the Management of Mr. Bucket One. THIS EVENING, SECOND LOVE. Followed by The Spanish Dancers. After which, PRESENTED AT COURT. To conalade with THE SPANISH SERJEANT. ROYAL THEKTRE ADELPHI. Tropriator and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING. IRELAND AS IT 13. - Followed by DOMESTIC ECONOMY. After which THE IRISH TUTOR. To oonclude with OUR GAL. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Alfre4 Wigan. THIS EVENING THE GREEN-EYED MONSTER. After which. MEDB A. To conclude with SHOCKING EVENTS. ithttrs ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager. Mr. Wm. Cooke. Stakspeare's Richard the Third illustrated. THIS EVENING, The highly successitil production, Shakspeare's RICHARD THE THIRD, with equestrian effects unprecedented, Imposing tableau of Death of White Surrey," Rattle of Bosworth Field, &c. After which, The ACTS'of HORSEMANSHIP in the CIRCLE. To conclude with a round of varied entertainments. Boa-office bpen from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. Equestrian Director. Mr. W. Cooke, jun. AlGji WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAT—Morn. 26 min. aft. 12—Evening 54 min. aft. 12 To-Sfoßnow—Morn.2o ruin. aft. I—Evening 41 min. aft. 1 TEIE. WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, AUGUST 28. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. T 5 —highest since noon yesterday. 58 —lowest this morning and during the night. 69 —this day at noon. BAROMETER, 29'87. WIND, S.W.—Light, with cloudy weather. STAMPED EDITION OF " THE SUN." The Latest Edition of The Sun, Stamped, in time for Post, may always be had from half past 5 till ; o'clock every evening. Subscribers in the Country will please to observe that the heading " THIRD EDITION" is always to be seen on the papers containing the latest news. If any difficulty be experienced in obtaining that Edition, a communication to Th 4 Sun Office will remedy it. Sun Office, 112, Strand. v , ikrl) LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 21, 1856. " Physician, heal thyself 1" Well may Bostss reply to Lows NAPOLEON, the tu quoque argu ment. Well may he express astonishment at any remonstrance from such a qtarter. The most atrocious cruelties of which he has been guilty are paralleled by the pitiless treatment of the French political victims at the appropriately- named " Island of Despair." The dungeons o Naples, the cells of Monte-Sarchio, are by no means worse than the pestilential swamps o French Guiana. The paralysing inertion, and strict confinement in Neapolitan gaols, are even more tolerable than compulsory labour for eight hours under a tropical sun, amidst decaying vege tation, that renders every passing breeze as deadly as if laden with the poisonous exhalations of the fabled 17pas tree. And yet we rail at BoMBA while we leave the more powerful potentate without venturing on the slightest remonstrance against a system which excites almost equally the disgust and the indignation of the community. It may be said that England also has had, and still has, its exiles—that the treatment of our own convicts is just as severe as that sanctioned , by the French Government. The answer, how ever, is easy. Our convicts, with rare excep tions, have been duly sentenced for infamous and degrading offences, for which, even within the memory of living men, they would have suffered an ignominious death on the scaffold. They are of the same class as the galley slaves of France —and however severe their treatment it is but the legitimate punishment of their crimes. Besides they are located under a genial sky. There is but little danger of a secondary being indirectly exchanged for capital punish ment. They may, in the course of nature, live to an advanced age, with ample opportunities for repenting of their past offences. The condition of the French Exiles, at Cayenne, is strikingly different in every respect. Their offences, however formidable to the " powers that be," had nothing mean or dishonourable. Had they succeeded they would have been the domi- nant party, the tables would have been com pletely turned, and victims and oppressors might have chanied situations ; that is to say, if the pre sent sufferers had not too much generosity to so grievously maltreat those whose destinies were, by the fortunes of war, placed at their disposal. The sufferers, too, were not endeavouring to over. throw an established Government. They were rnerdy seeking to maintain the existing state of affailt:". t:7) resist the coup d'etat that changed the Republi , into an Empire, and clothed the Presi dent of the day with the Imperial Purple. They were, in fact, standing up on behalf of "law a n d order," and, although unsuccessful, could not, under the most strained interpretation of existing affairs, be regarded as criminals. What, too, was the nature of their trials ? What opportunities of defence were allowed Some were condemned by drum-head Court martials, but even the semblance of a trial was refused to the inajority, and educated men— " artists, tradesmen, workmen, barristers, phy sicians, farmers, journalists, and scholars," have been not merely exiled from their native land, but have been reduced to slavery of the worst de scription, and exposed to all the brutalities of heartless taskmasters under circumstances more intolerable than those under which the negroes of the Southern States of America are labouring. This is, indeed, frightful,; and whe n dered that every citizen of a free state is suppcsei to have the right of being heard in his own de fence before his condemnation, the harsh and cruel treatment of these truly unfortunate persons becomes more repugnant to the feelings of every right-minded fr 10. Some time;sino,France spoke with pride of gal abolition of :capital punishment for political THE SUN, LO N DON s THURS OA V EVRNINO At 3 Cr UST 28, 186 e: LATEST N E WS. INDIA AND CHINA. The steamer Bombay arrived at Trieste yester day, August 2'7, at five p.m., in 144 hours from Alexandria. She left Alexandria on the 21st of August. The India and China mails were to leave Alexandria on the 21st of August, with intelli gence from Calcutta to the 17th of July, Bombay to the 20th of July, Hong Kong to the 10th of July, and Shanghai to the 28th of June. Fifty inches of rain had fallen at Bombay. At Darjeeling 36 inches of rain fell in 96 hours. Mr. Horsley, assistant-collector in the Madras Presidency, has been murdered. The heir to the throne of Burmah has been assassinated. Lord Canning has been indisposed. Exchange at Bombay, 2s. lid. The money market is quiet. The export trade brisk. Freights, 2/. to London or Liverpool. The exchange at Calcutta was 2s. lid. The money market had improved. The import ,rade was very inactive. Freights, Si. 10s. for sugar to London. The indigo crops throughout Bengal have suf• fered injury. Anarchy reigns throughout China. The Ben Avon, with a valuable cargo, from London for Shanghai, has been totally wrecked near Amoy. Exchange at Canton, 4s. 10id. ; Hong Kong, 4s. 10id. ; Shanghai, /s. 3d. The exports of tea for the year ending the 19th of June were 6,000,0001 b. in excess of the previous year. The first of the new season's teas have been shipped. MADRID, AVG. 26. The Spanish Minister at Mexico has been re• moved from his post. General Bassolo has been named Grand Cross of the Order of Charles 111. The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's steam-ship Valetta, with the India and China mails from Malta, arrived at Marseilles this day, at 5 a.m. The mails were to leave Marseilles at 9 a.m. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENTING* The Emperor and Empress attended mass on Sunday at the church at Biarritz ; their Majesties went in a small open carriage and pair, which was driven by the Emperor. In the evening a grand dinner took place at the Villa Eugenie. Galignani's Messenger says :—The London jour nals have published a correspondence from Gari baldi, in which the late Roman general relates that Ciceruacchio, the tribune, had been taken by the Austrians, and, in company with his two sons, shot on the banks of the Po. A letter addressed to the Milan Gazette denies -the truth of this assertion, and affirms positively that Ciceruacchio was drowned in endeavouring to cross the Po ; and it defies Garibaldi to prove his assertions. - The decree definitively dissolving and suppressing the Spanish National Guard has reached us yester day, accompanied by a long preamble, signed by all the Ministers, in which that popular institution is crushed under an accumulation of accusations and imputations composing no very flattering epi taph for its tomb. It is declared to have been a constant cause of perturbation, an occasion of dis gust and uneasiness to the commercial classes, a corrupting venom for the needy and working classes, obnoxious to all power, and all government, and prejudicial to production. It is said to intimi date and paralyse trade, to check or annul peace able reforms, to impede the free development of re presentative institutions, to mislead public opinion, and to resist a reasonable organisation. These are but a small part of the charges brought against it in the rather violent and verbose expo - ition to the Queen intended to justify a decree upon which she is said to have insisted, and which we may be suite sure she signed with the greatest pleasure. BOURSE, Aug. 27.—The following were the last quotations : Cash. ft.. s. End of Month. 4i per Cents 94 25 —f. —e. 3 per Cents 7O 40 70 65 New Loan 7O 50 Bank Shares 4,100 Roman Credit Mobilier 1,617 50 Austrian Belgian Fives — Spanish Threes Piedmontese(s) 9l 50 Some Debt 40 RAILWAYS-108 CASH. fr. c. _. fr. e Orleans ......... 1,385 Western 957 50 Northern 1,C12 50 Strasburg Lyons. -..... 1,39 L 25 New Ditto ...... Aediterranean 1,785 Grand Central Lyons Geneva 795 Tests ... 7OO Cette ITAL y. (From Special Correspondent of the Daily News.) TURIN, AUG. 24. The reference which you make in a leading article in your paper of the 18th, to Austria's strengthening her armaments and extending her forces upon the Italian soil, ie a question which not only concerns Piedmont and the other States of the Italian Peninsular, but one which should in terest all Europe. Let us not forget that the allies landed in the Crimea totally ignorant of the formidable fortresses in Sebastopol, and, if possible, more ignorant of its almost inexhaustible naval and military stores. But while England, France, Sar dinia, and Turkey were doing their utmost for the destruction of the Sebastopol of the Crimea, which commanded the Black Sea, Austria, with a cunning and deceit peculiarly her own, while amusing the belligerent powers with her eternal protocols and sham proposals for peace, was secretly and zea lously erecting nearer our homes a still more for midable fortress and immense naval and military ' arsenal to command the Adriatic sea. With the exception of Gibraltar there is not a more im pregnable fortress in Europe than Pola, not only from its commanding position, but from the art and science with which it has been constructed. Austria during the last three years has spent more than 18 million of francs, and besides the impregnable for tresses at Pole, has constructed-three docks, where she is now building and equipping men of war. She has enlisted into her naval service officers of every , nation, but principally Prussians, Swedes, and Nor wegians. All along her side of the Adriatic are fishermen engaged in the Tun fish fishery, and as soon as the sons of these fishermen attain the age of 15 they are drafted into the Austrian marine, and in a few years will become first-rate seamen. I have tried in every direction to get a detailed plan of the fortifications and docks of Pola, but the Austrians have been so wary that as yet I have been unsuccessful, but before long I hope to make such information public, so that our British mer chants may see that their commerce with the Gulf of Venice, at the bottom of which is Trieste, and also that bay in which is situated the thriving and commercial town of Fiume, are entirely at the mercy of the Austrians. I refer your readers to the last published map of the Adriatic Sea or to " Bradshaw's Cont i nental Railway Guide," in which are the electric tele graph etations, where they will see that the for tress of Pula is not only in communication with Vienna, but with all the other fortresses which Austria has constructed for the subjugation of Italy. Pola is situated upon the point o land or promontory which stretches along the coast, and is 22 leagues S.S.E. of Trieste, and is nearly opposite that part of the Roman States in which is the town of Bologna. Pola formerly possessed about 2,0(V inhabitants, and from its present position com mands not only the entrance into the Gulf of Ve nice, but also that large bay in which Venice is placed. The water to the very shores is so deep that vessels of large burden can approach in safety, and the bay is sheltered from every wind that blows, and so extensive as to harbour an immense fleet. All the neighbouring hills are crowned with immense batteries, having guns of the heaviest calibre ; and the numerous islets are turned into forts—so that there is not perhaps in all Europe a more formidable fortress and arsenal than Pola. To do the Austrians justice, they have ' carried on the construction of Pole, with as much energy 6,s the allies flowed In attempting the de= struction of Sebastopol. They have transferred all the military and naval stores of the arsenal at Venice to their new fortress. I mentioned that they hate already expended 18 millions here, and still we daily hear of the disastrous state of the Austrian finances. I showed in my letter of the 16th how uselessly they had expended a large sum in equipping a war fleet and fortresses on Ligo Maggiore, but the lat ter was against Piedmont in particular, while Pola is against all Europe. The subjects of Austria Propel do not suffer from this extravagance of their government ; but it is hard indeed that the Italians should be obliged to give their own money to be used in forging the chains for their own slavery. In my letter of the 22d of July I in formed you that the Austrians had doubled the house tax in Lombardy, and the only answer given by the Austrian officials to those who complained that they had been too highly taxed was to order them to point out some of their neighbours who were not so highly taxed as themselves, and, then they would see that the Austr;an govern ment was impartial. But these numerous for tresses have cost so much money that even with this double taxing there is not enough. Baron de Bach is at present in Milan, but it is doubtful if he be the adviser of the most atrocious deed which is about.to be committed by Austria— a deed not only contrary to justice, but contrary even to Austrian law, and to all international law; but this act of barefaced robbery the Aus trians have delayed till Pola was in a state of de fence, till Piacenza was completely fortified, and every fortress along the Piedmontese frontier filled with troops and stores. After the unfortunate occurrence of 1848-49 Austria allowed many rich inhabitants of Lombardy to take advantage of her own emigration laws, and these proprietors emigrated to Piedmont, still remaining proprietors- in Lombardy, while they became naturalised Sardinian subjects, many of them becoming members of the House of Parlia• ment. This continued till the 6th of February, 1853, when the Mazzinian outbreak occurred at Milan. Might had now become right, and the Austrians being in want of money, or eager. for revenge; issued an order that all those Sardinian subjects who bad property in Lombardy, if they did not return to Lombardy and throw them selves upon the mercy of Austria(i.e., imprisonment in Mantua dungeons) at the end of 1856, their pro perties would be sold for the benefit of the Govern ment. This the Austrians did under the pretext that the outbreak at Milan was organised by the proprietors of Lombardy who had become natu ralised Sardinian subjects. But the Austrians knew as well as all the world that no men are so decided against the Mazzinian insurrections as those neu tralised Sardinian subjects • but Austria required money, if not to be got by 16 . means by foul. In plain COLI3MOII language, the Austrian Government broke the laws made and acted upon by themselves; they have taken possession of property not their own, and they are about to sell that stolen pro perty for the purpose of putting the proceeds of sach robberies into their own pockets. lam quite aware that such conduct may appear incredible to men of common honour and honesty, unluckily qualities not known by Austria when she has any particular point to gain. What I have here stated is, however, a fact, and the Austrian Go vernment, within these few days, have given orders to the Sequestration Commission at Milan to com plete the inventories and valuations of the proper ties of the emigres fron Lombardy, which, when completed, are to be sold by public auction. It is only to be hoped that purchasers may see the danger and iniquity of such sales, and that none may come forward. If these decrees of the Aus trians at Milan are doubted, the fact can be corro borated, by letters now in Turin in the possession of certain emigres (I do not name them), who have received intimations from their agents in Lombardy that they have been ordered to make out bills of sale of their properties : so there is no doubt that in this the Austrian Government is about to act as swindlers and robbers, though, if the statements contained in the letter of General Garibaldi, dated Genoa, August 6,185 G, be correct, they have been guilty of worse crimes. Can it be expected that these naturalised subjects of Sardinia will remain quiet to be so robbed or plundered, and contrary to every law supposed valid by civilised na tions ? If Sardinia remains quiet under such in justice and insult, she deserves to lose the support and respect not only of her own subjects, but in deed of all Europe ; but she ought rather, in the words of Prince Metternich, "It is better to die with arms in our hand than of slow poison." Piedmont, however, has the power to make re prisals, 'and assuredly she is in all justice bound and entitled to sell Austrian property in her dominions to repay her swindled and robbed subjects. Lord Palmerston, to be consistent, and in spite of him self, must, under such circumstances, support Piedmont, for no one can ever forget what a row he made, and the great force he sent to Greece, to make that country repay what Don Pacifico had never lost. Here the complications of the seques trations of the naturalised Sardinian subjects be comes an European question. If Austria recoils from the sale of these properties, no one will give her credit for justice, and all will be attributed to fear ; her prestige is gone, and Italy and Hungary will rise. If she goes on with her robbery, Pied mont will not only resist, but resent. Austria has gone to work prudently and cun ningly. The day of sale of the sequestered property has been postponed till such a time that she might have Pola, Piacenza, and all her forts in good order, and the Piedmontese frontier covered with her troops. Along with the bills of sale of the pro perties she is said to have within these few days ordered her army on the war establishment. The subscription for the guns of Alexandria goes on merrily in Piedmont. The merchants and those engag :I in commerce look forward with sorrow, but determined resolution, to what is about to occur, and we may therefore witness the beginning of a bloody and long war before the Ist of January, 1857. Surely there must be some method of pre venting this sad war, of which no one alive can calculate the end. Some attempts ought to b 3 made. Parliament is not sitting, so no questions can be asked, but still public opinion can do much. Let Lord Normandy be recalled, and thus the Austrians will have positive proof that his lord ship does not speak the opinion of Britain, and if general subseriptions of a few shillings and pence for the defence of Piedmont were set a-going all over England, Austria would not dare to move. We see the youth of France is now stirring in favour of Italy. W hile speaking of this common subscription, I must warn the public of an Austrian awl Mazzinian subscription which has been or ganised to interfere with the patriotic subscription. They are trying to raise cash to buy 10,000 fire locks, to be given to that part of Italy which first breaks out into insurrection, and thus prevent Italian independence, as the only hope for all Italy is that Piedmont will remain quiet until obliged to fight in defence of that constitution which has made Britain comparatively one of the most happy nations of Europe. NAPLES. The Frankfort Journal contains a letter from Vienna, which professes to throw a new light on the reply of the King of Naples to the representa tions of the Western Cabinets, published by the Cologne Gazette. The correspondent of the Frank fort paper thus expresses himself :—" We have no reason' to doubt that the reply of the King of Naples to France and England, of which the Cologne Gazette has offered an analysis, is in conformity with the latter. The King has con sidered the counsels offered by the Western Powers as an interfefence in the affairs of his kingdom, and in the relations existing between him and his subjects, which is not justified by actual cir cumstances ; and he has energetically rejected those counsels. It must not, however, be thereby interpreted that the King has refused to adopt re form ; he has only declared himself to be the most competent judge of the opportunity of those mea sures. With respect to the analysis in question it is improbable that the passage, in which the King declares that be would repel orce by force exis:s in the reply of the Neapolitan Cabinet. The Western Powers, in their notes, had, in fact, offered no menace, or even a prospect of menace, to that Cabinet ; they confined themselves to ex pressing anxiety that a refusal of their advice might lead to a rupture of tranquillity in Italy." RUSSIA. A letter from St. Petersburg of the 19th, in the Nord of Brussels, says :—" The members of the diplomatic body who are to be present at the coro nation have nearly all arrived ; the Turkish am bassador and the Papal envoy alone are absent. Special trains will convey all these diploma tists to Moscow on the 2(1. The jewels of the crown, the sceptre, the globe, the dif ferent crowns, have been conveyed to-day with great ceremony from the Winter Palace to the railway station to be conveyed to Moscow. A strong guard preceded and followed the court car riages which carried these valuables, and an im mense crowd assembled to witness the-sight." A letter from Vienna, in the Post Ampt Gazette, says :—" Accounts from Galatz, of the 13th, state that Russia has not only re-established the quaran tine of four days in the ports of the Black Sea, but has extended it to all the frontier of Bessa rabia, on the side of Moldavia. This measure is of a political and in no way of a sanitary olnracter,, as the health of the . Principalities is most oatis* factory, and no sanitary cordon exists between the Russian and the Austrian frontier." PRUSSIA. A letter from Berlin in the Cologne Gazette says :—" It appears certain that, on the occasion of the marriage of Prince Frederick William with the Princess Louisa, which is to take place in September, an amnesty will be granted to all politi cal offenders who are now in confinement. The number of the latter is very limited." According to a letter from Berlin, in the Nord, the erection of fortifications around Berlin is con firmed. There is no intention, it is said, to sur round the Prussian capital like Paris with a com plete line of fortification, but to construct redoubts at such distances from each other round the city that they will be enabled to cover each other with their• fire. SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the 23d have arrived. The Epoca says that the Gazette is about to publish decrees for the dissolution of the Cortes, for a re gulation of the press, and for the establishment of the Council of State, promulgating the constitu tion of 1845. The Clamor Publico and the Parte motto state that the condition to which the press have been reduced prevents them from making any comment on the decree for the dissolution of the national guard ; the Diario expresses approbation of the measure. The Gazette contains decrees dis missing 16 civil governors of provinces, and ap pointing-their successors. •A letter from Trebisond, brought by the last Constantinople mail, states that no credit is at tached in Georgia to the accounts given by all the journals of Europe with respect to the expedi tion of the Russians against the Abasians. It is mentioned as certain that negotiations have been opened with the Abasians and the Oubouiks, and up to the time' when the' letter was written not a single Russian soldier had crossed the Ingour. Accounts from Africa state that shocks of earth quake were felt in Algeria.on the 21st. The shocks were slight at Algiers, but stronger at Oonstantina and at Bona, and very violent at Ph il ippeville, where as many as 22 were felt. The steeple of the church has been partly throtn down, and several houses injured, but no lives tave been lost. The hospitals and the barracks have been evacuated, and the in habitants. of the town gone into tents in the fields. It is said that several French villages in the neigh bourhood of Philippeville have been destroyed. The Communal Council of Genoa has voted 500 f. towards the cost, of the 100 pieces of ordnance in• tended for the new fortifications of Alessandria. Accounts from Bologna, in the Austrian Corre- spondence, state:that the announcement of a vote of the municipal: council of Bologna, in favour of the evacuation of the country by the Austrian troops, is not correct. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY MORNING. By the arriral of the United States mail steam ship Atlantic we havo advices from New York to the IGth inst. She has brought $190,000 specie on freight. In the Senate the proceedings were unimportant. In the House of Representatives the bill making appropriations for ,carrying the mail in ocean steamers was considered, and an amendment was adopted in committee authorising notice to be given for the termination of the arrangement of the additional allowance for the transportation of the mails between New York and Liverpool in the Collins line. Without disposing of the bill, the House adjourned. Washington advices of the 15th state, that the Cabinet had ordered a discontinuance of the Kansas prosecutions. The New Tariff Bill, introduced into the House of Representatives, will, if passed, reduce the annual revenue of the country $6,000,000. The rumour of Mr. Dobbin's appointment as Minister to France is without foundation. Californian advices, and specie to the amount of 1,473,876 dollars, have been received. At New York, a Vigilance Committee was in existence. From Havana we learn that yellow fever was raging fearfully in the island. Money was easy at New York at 7 per cent. on call loans. Stocks, though not active, had im proved. Exchange on London, 1091 to 109/ ; Paris, 516}. Cotton was more active ; Die. to 11ic. for strict middiing uplands. Flour was in fair demand, and firmer for common grades and medium extra brands. Wheat was firmer for now prime lots. Indian corn was better for sound shipping lots. Pork was at $l9 50c. to $l9 6216. -- for mess, and $l7 75c. to $lB for; prime. Lard was firm at 12ic. to 13c. Sugars were more active; though the turn of the market was in favour of purchasers, and embraced about 1,600 hhds. Cuba at Bic. to 9c. To Liver pool, grain in bulk and ships bags taken at 6c. to • The shareholders of the National. Discount Company have authorised the director, at a meeting yesterday, to take the necessary steps for bringing the undertaking within the provisions of the new Joint-Stock Act. At a meeting of the Southampton Dock Company yes terday afternoon, Col. Barlow presiding, the dividend declared was at the rate of 4 per cent. per annum, and the report, of which an abstract has been given in T Ice Sun, was agreed to. The management appears to afford satisfaction, and the directors are urged to exercise strict economy. EMIGRATION TO CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES:— LIVERPOOL, Wednesday.—The Montreal Steam Naviga tion Company's royal mail screw steamer Canadian, Capt. Ballentine, sailed this forenoon for Quebec and Montreal with the Canadian mails, 220 passengers and a full cargo. The screw steamer City of Baltimore, Capt. Leitch, sailed same rime for Philadelphia with 118 cabin and 220 steer age Passengers, and a full cargo of merchandise in freight. Tee Peninsular Company's new screw steamship Aden tool( out the Peninsular, mails yesterday from Southamp ton. She is 900 tons burden and 210. horse power. She averaged 121 knots by steaming alone during six trial trips, and reached at one time 13 i knots. She is in tended soon to run between Bombay and China. She is c )m.nanded by Captain Weeks, late cf the Colombo. She is an iron ship, and was built by Summers and Day, at Southampton, and is the largest iron ship ever built in that town. We learn from Simpheropol, by a letter written to wards the close of last month, that the Russian troops hitherto in the Crimea had completely evacuated the peninsula. Only a very weak garrison has been left behind at Sebastopol, whilst on the spots formerly occu pied by the allies a few gendarmes and a handful of Cossacks are amply sufficient to maintain order. The royal group which has created so much admira tion and attention from the visitors of Madame Tuasaud's unrivalled exhibition is now nearly completed, and pre sents the most gorgeous assemblage cf royalty ever before exhibited in this metropolis. The beautiful and faithful representation of nature here produced by the artistic taste and execution of the Messrs. Tussaud is extraordinary 'n the extrema ; also the dresses, more particularly the female sove rei g ns, are tas ty and elegant, and reflect great credit on Mrs. J. Tussaud, under whose superintendence they have, we understand, been produced. A MAN KILLED IN A PRINTING-MAOHlNE.—Yester day between one and two o'clock a distressing accident occurred to a man named Samuel Henson, living at No. 9, Brownlow - street , Drury - lane , and employed as a ma chinist at Mr. J. E. Tayler's printing-office in Little Queen-street, Holborn. The unfortunate man was at work at the machine, when, from some cause as yet unexplained, he fell in. The machine was stopped as promptly as possible, but the man was already dead. He was frightfully mutilated, the head being nearly severed from the body. The corpse was conveyed to St. Giles's Workhouse, where it now lies, and where the inquest will be held. It is said that he has left a wife and eight children. Only the previous day the hands employed at Mr. Taylor's establishment had a holiday and a treat at the Surrey Gardens. At the half-yearly meeting of the Charing-cross Bridge Company yesterday the report stated that a reduction of 2,5001. has been effected in the debt of the company, and that a cash balance now in hand of 4911. will be required for miscellaneous outgoings just due. The company have been in communication with the directors of the South- Western Railway and the Hungerford-market with a view to the enlargement of the bridge for horse and car riage traffic, and the construction of direct approaches from the railway. Plans have been prepared for the pur pose, subject to any modifications that may be found de sirable from the contemplated enlargement of the South- Western station and the formation of the proposed new street from Southwark to the York-road. THE PRIMACY OF ENGLAND.—The Archbishop of York is styled in formal documents " Primate of England," the Archbishop of Canterbury "Primate of all England." The origin of this distinction is said to be as folio vs : In the reign of Henry 11. a synod of English prelates was held at Westminster, at which the Legate of the Holy See was present. It is repo •ted by one historian that on this occasion the Archbishops of Canterbury and York were contending for Precedence, when high words came to blows{ among their respective parties ; the adhe rents of Canterbury pulled the Archbishop of York down from his seat to the ground, and even tore his casule, chimere, and rochet from his back. The Papal Legate was so terrified at the sight that he fled from the place of meeting. Next day the Archbishop of York appealed to the Pope upon the matter, and the dispute was finally settled by the respective titles which we have mentioned being given to him and to his brother metropolitan, the precedence being thus settled in favour of the See of Canterbury. In like manner the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin IA called PrilnaTeOfWeiand, and his Grace of Armagh Primate of all Ireland. The Lord Chancellor for the time being, we may here remark, ranks below the Archbishop of Canterbury, but above the Archbishop of YOrk, PROJECT OF AN IMPERIAL OTTOMAN BANK. The particulars published to-day in the advices from Constantinople of the terms proposed by the Turkish Government for the establishment of a National Bank exactly confirm the telegraphic in formation given in the Times of the 9th inst. Some further details are at the same time added which tend to increase the objectionable and unbusiness like features of the scheme. The general conditions are as follows :—The Bank is to have a capital of 3,000,0001., of which 600,0001. is to be paid up immediately and deposited in the Bank of England or the Bank of France ; the institution, within the limits of its statutes, is to be entirely independent, but a certain number of the directors are to be Turkish subjects, and the nomination of the Go vernor is to be in the hands of the Government ; the central establishment is to be at Constantino ple, but such branches may be opened as the Go vernment may designate. No money is to be lent to the Government, but, in order to aid agriculture advances are to be made both upon fixed and available property, under a mortgage law to be framed for the purpose ; the Bank will be confined to a maximum rate of discount, and also to a maximum rate of allowance for loans or deposits, it is to have an exclusive right to issue notes, pay able on demand, to the amount of 3,000,0001., which are to be a legal tender ; and the Govern ment are to withdraw all their existing paper money, and to bind themselves never to resort to a new issue, or thenceforth alter their monetary sys tem. Accounts are to be published periodically, and the' charter is to exist for 25 years. In return the Bank are to invite subscriptions for a Five per Cent. loanfor 5,000,0001. at 90, to be employed in the redemption of the depreciated currency. A. proportion of this loan must be taken by the Bank, it being a condition that the con cession for its establishment shall be granted to such persons as may offer to Lice the largest sum. Tho loan is to be specially secured by the tribute of the Principalities, and the instalments paid are to be employed in the purchase of Turkish bonds when they are not immediately required for the extinction of the debased currency, which must necessarily be a work of time. Some of these regu lations are not only unexceptionable, but are such as must necessarily be stipulated before any persons would entertain the idea of committing themselves to the undertaking. Among these, the provision that no money is to be lent to the Government, or any of its departments, is most essential. The main defects of the scheme consist in the attempt to con trol the value of money, by fixing the maximum rates at which the bank shall either lend or borrow (a feature which, together with the nomination of the Governor by the State, seems in harmony with French rather than English ideas), and the offer to grant 'the concession to any persons who will make the most reckless bidding for it, instead of selecting the most solid financial names that could be attracted. It is believed, however, that since the issue of these proposals the Turkish Govern ment have seen the necessity of modifying them, and that, as was mentioned in the Times of the 13th, a leading European house, in conjunction with other capitalists, native and foreign, is now seriously negotiating on the subject. Should the concession ultimately be adjudicated to inferior persons, it is to be hoped all London capitalists will shun the undertaking, since, notwithstanding the provision that no advances are to be made to the Government or its officers, any set of people not suficiently honest or independent to resist impro per influences would soon evade the precaution by discounting Treasury bills without limit, and treat ing the notes of Government functionaries as if they were commercial paper. Reasons for regard ing all Turkish projects with caution have been furnished moreover by the conduct of the Go vernment in the preliminaries of this scheme, which above all others should have been scru pulously managed, but which is alleged to have served for the display of an amount of bad faith that must retard for some time the revival of that confidence which was originally broken by the intrigues connected with the first loan. It is rumoured, likewise, although nothing yet has pub licly transpired on the subject, that the most re spectable contractors and capitalists who have lately entered into negotiations for Turkish rail roads are experiencing the impossibility of relying even upon the most unqualified and definite assur ances proceeding from Constantinople.—Times' City Article. MRS. HARRIET MARTINEAU. The following letter, addressed to the editor, appears in the Derwentwater Journal : " Sir,—ln a paragraph which appears in your paper of yesterday, it is stated that Miss Martineau, the cele brated authoress, had lately visited Cockermouth. As it is evidently meant to refer to Mrs. H. Martineau, of the Knoll, who has been unable in consequence of severe illness to go beyond the porch of her house during the last fifteen months, I will thank you to contradict the report in your next publication. Her increasing in firmity makes it desirable that she should not be dis turbed by the visits of strangers, who are misled by your report to suppose that her health has been re stored. lam authorised, as her medical attendant, to make this communication to you, and enclose Mrs. H. Martineau's card with my own as a gurt•antee of its accuracy.—larn, 86c., "J. C. SEEPHERD." We seek to give a wide publicity to this letter, because we have reason to know that intrusion of curious strangers has become an absolute persecution to the distinguished authoress to whom it relates. We can sympathise with the strong desire, inherent in in genuous minds, to see and converse with gifted individ uals who have devoted their talents to the service of humanity. But mixed with these are a number of curious inipertinents who are simply animated by a silly curiosity. It is precisely this class that is most intru sive, and during the summer months the lake districts swarm with such. When we have adverted to the face that, notwithstanding her shattered health, Mrs. H. Martineau devotes every hour in which pain leaves her free to prosecute her labours in disseminating informa tion on the most important economical, political, and social questions—that on the verge of existence her active interest in all that concerns humanity is as genial and comprehensive as ever—we have said enough to show all right-minded persons the absolute necessity of not harassing her by the intrusion of visits of mere idle curiosity. THE ROYAL NOR7II LANCASIIIRE AGRICUL TURAL SOCIETY. PRESTON, WEDNESDAY. The proceedings in connection with the annual meeting of the Royal North Lancashire Agricultural Association commenced this morning by the trial of agricultural im plements, which took place i❑ a large field at Pen wortham, a beautifully-situated village, on the banks of the river Ribble, about two miles from Preston. There was a large and varied number of implements on the ground, and the display attracted the attendance of a considerable number of visitors, including several of the leading gentry and farmers of the county and surrounding district. _ _ The show of live stock and agricultural produce, which will take place to-morrow, promises to be one of the finest that has ever taken place in the north of England, and from all that I can gather the competition will be close and interesting. The annual dinner will take place in the rooms of the Corn Exchange, which are sufficiently spacious to ac commodate from 600 to 800. Lord Stanley, M.P., will preside. THE BRITISH ARCHIEOLOGICA ASSOCIATION. BRIDGEWATER, AUG. 27. The members and friends returned from the visit to Glastonbury and Wells at 9 o'clock last evening, and this morning an excursion was made, notwithstanding the caution of the clouds, to Martock , Stoke-sub-Ham dos, where the churches, the remains of the Cluniao Monastery, and the position of an encampment, were the chief objects of attraction. Brympton Church, which was also visited, has undergone many alterations. It is the burial place of the Sydenharn family from the time of Edward IV. The monuments are so stately That a kind of apology was thought necessary for the sump tuousness of the tomb, which is expressed in some quaint lines inscribed thereon. On the return this evening there will be a meeting or conversazionc. Last night, in consequence of the lateness of the hour at which the party returned from Wells, the intended meeting was converted into an even• ing conversational entertainment ; and such will probe• bly be the arrangement to-day. THE BIRKENHEAD AND CHESTER RAILWAY CODIPANY. —On Monday morning a dispute, which at one time threatened to result in a serious riot, occurred at the dock terminus of the Chester and Birkenhead Railway Company, at Birkenhead. It appeared that some short time since the railway company commenced building a wall between their property and the corporation road at Birkenhead, which wall the Birkenhead commis. sioners considered as an encroachment on the public highway. Some correspondence took place relative to the matter, and the railway company was served with a legal notice that the wall was an obstruction. As tte c unpany, in spite of this, continued to build the wall, the commissioners' officials proceeded to the spot oa Monday, attended by a posse of police and a number of workmen, who immediately commenced to pull down the portions of the wall in process of erection. On this the railway company collected all their men, and brought up a railway engine, which discharged such a quantity of warm water on the forces of the commis sioners that they beat a retreat. A parley now ensued, which resulted in the railway company deferring the further building of the wall until the next meeting of the directors. The treaty thus concluded was at once ear ned out, and good order once more reigned in Birken. bead.