The Sun. — London, England, 1861-11-04 00:00:00

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. Under the management of 1111s1 Louisa Pyna and Mr. Wm. Harrison, Sole Lessees. ---------- THIS EVENING. THE MARRIAGE OF GEORGETTE. Miss Thirlwall and Mr. A. Corti. After which, at Eight o'clock, RUY BLAS. Miss Louisa Pyne, Mesdames Susan Pyne, Thiriwall, Jessi e M•Lean Messrs. Santley, A. St. Albyn, Patey, and W . Harrison. Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. Commence at Seven o'clock The Box-office open from Ten to Five daily. No charge for booking, or fees to Box-keepers. st aze _mansger, Mr. Leigh Murray. Acting-Manager, Mr. Edward Murray. ROYA, LYCEUM THEATRE, Manager--Mr. Edmund Falconer. T HIS EVENING, will be performed the new and success ful comedy of WOMAN; or, Love against the World. (As racters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Veen, Bruton, Mrs. Bowers, Miss Murray, Ind Miss Lydia Thomp son. Alter which, MY AUNT'S HUSBAND. - • - ---•—• Prices as usual. Doors open at half-past 8, to commence at 7 Box-office open daily from 11 till 5. I/ YA I. PRINCES S'S THEATRE.- Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING. JEANETTE'S WEDDING. Miss M. Harris and Mr. H. Widdicomb. After which, at Eight o'clock, Shakespeire's tragedy of OTHELLO, with new scenery, dresses, and appointments. Othello, Mr Fechter. TREATRkt.ROYAL, HAYMARKET, Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buokatone. TTTTF: EVENTING. the perforrafflioeB will commence with RIC ITELIEU. Richelieu, Mr. Edwin Booth ; Julie , Mrs. Charles Young. Followed by LEND ME FIVE SHILLINGS. And THE HAPPIEST DAY OF MY LIFE. Commence at 7. EW THRATRE-R0 VAL, ADELPHI.— Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. Last Five Nights of "The Colleen Bawn." THIS EVENING, MUSIC HATFI CHARMS. Messrs. D. Fisher, Romer, Warde, Misses K. Kelly and Laidlaw. Alter which (268th time), VIE COLLEEN BAWN. Mr. 13oucicault, D. Fisher. Billington, S. Emery, Stephenson , c. J. Smith, Romer. Howard. Ward ; Mrs. Boucicault, Miss Wl;olgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. H. Lewis. 'l'oconclude with LOVE AND HUNG ER. Messrs. F i sher, Nmery, C. J. Smith, Mrs. H. Marston, and Miss K. Kelly. On Saturday, Nov. 9, an entirely new and original Drama, fn 5 acts jplayed in three acts), entitled THE OCTOROON ; or, LIFE IN LOUISIANA ; written by the author of "The Colleen Bawn," and in which Mr. and Mrs. D. Bouoicault will appear. New scenery, new dresses, Svc. Doors onen at half-past 6—Commence at 7. Box-office open from 10 tills, No charge for booking. C INTERBURY HALL CONCERTS AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. Great success of lir. SAM COWELL'S New Song, "THE HOUSE THAT JACK BUILT," which will be repeated every evening, Grand Selections from STRADELLA, LA TRAVIATA, and DINORAH By Miss Russell, Miss Ernst, Mr. Herbert, and Signor Tivoli, with a powerful Chorus. Solos on the Cornet-a-piston by the renowned performer Mr. LEVY. The Comic department comprises Mr. Sam Cowell, Mr. Marshall, Messrs. Harvey and French (the Nerves), and Miss Harriet Coveney Musical Director, Mr. Jonghm ans. Admission—Hall, Bd. ; Stalls and Balcony, Is. TH E OXF ORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET. EVERT EVENING. Amber's New Comic Opera, " LA CIRCASSIENNE," and Verdi's new Grand opera, " Simonßoccanegra," by the entire Company. Bane's new ballads by Miss Russell and Madame Enderssohn (composed expressly for them). Mr. Levy's Solos on the Cornet-a-piston, and varied Comic Entertain ments by Miss Harriet Coveney, Messrs. W. Randal:, Harvey and French (The Nerves), E. Marshall, and SAM COWELL. Hall. 6d. ; Balcony and Stalls, is ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. This DAY.—Morning, 2h. 28m.—Afternoon, 2h. 52m. To-MORROW. -Morning, 3h. 14m.—Afternoon, 3h. 38m. iTHE WEATHER.—Sux OF/ICE, NOYMMBER 3, 1861 , THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 44—kighest since noon yesterday. 32—lowest this morning and during the night. 41—this day at noon. BAnomaTzn-29.80. Winn—Northerly; moderate, with fine, clear, frosty weather. Nov. 4. THZEMONETER, IN THE SHADE. 42—highest since noon yesterday. 29—lowest this morning and during the night. 44—this day at noon. BARomenß-30.02. Wnvu—South -Westerly; light, with dull, muggy weather and slight rain. LONDON, MONDAY, NOV. 4, 1861. Another Ecclesiastical case of great public im portance has just been decided by Dr. LUSHINGTON in the Court of Arches. In this case the importance is, however, chiefly due to the principles laid down by the learned judge as the basis of his judgment. In the celebrated GORHAM cue, Mr. GORTIA3I was the representative of a very large section of the Established clergy ; had the decision gone against him, we must, if Evangelical clergymen as a body are honest men, have had a secession larger than that on St. Bartholomew's day, whose bicentenary the Nonconformists are preparing to celebrate next year. In the present case Mr. HEATH'S views appear to be so peculiar that the learned judge was - unable to find any divine of eminence belonging to the Church who had held them at all. The one chiefly condemned as contrary to the grammatical meaning of the Articles was, that " justification " meant " doing strict justice to all both good and bad," and "justification by faith," " the faith of the SAVIOUR in His own Gospel." "He, the SAVIOUR, still believes that he can put the world to rights, and I believe so too." Mr. HEATH also denied that GOD was propitiated by the SAVIOUR; denied that for giveness of sins was any part of the Gospel ; indeed the denial of the doctrines taught by the articles extended to most of those which are obviously enough contained in them. We must all admit, therefore, that it was impossible for the judge to do otherwise than pronounce the doctrines published by - Mr. HEATH to be contrary to the articles of his own Church. Dr. LUSHINGTON had not to make articles ; they are substantially a part of an Act of Parliament, and his only duty was to ascertain their meaning and pronounce accordingly. In his at tempt to do so, he appears to have made every effort to allow the widest possible interpretation, but we must confess that none we can conceive of could reconcile Mr. HEATH'S views with the teaching of the thirty-nine articles or of the Prayer Book. As we seem lik e ly, h owever , t o h ave a crop o f 'each eases before long, it is interesting to notice the principles on which Dr. LUSHINGTON pro ceeded. Re seemed fully impressed with the gravity of hi s d uty in this respect. Indeed, a main object of his j udgment appeared to be to inform the clergy lergy and the which the judges u public of the light in f the land must view the Articles and Prayer-book ' ,, hen any one was acc used of preaching " contraria— lit an d repugnant thereto.), The obligations of clergymen are two fold. gi They must declare their assent and sent to the Book of Commo n - Prayer, eon " and they must subscribe the Thirty-nine Articles ; ' But then arises the vexed question—ln what sense Mach is often said of the animus with W hi ch they are subscribed. But Dr. LUSHINGTON denied that the court could entertain that ques tion. " I have nothing t o do, " he said, " with 'the internal convictions of any person subscribing to the Articles; neither I nor any other court can kn ow what are the opinions ofindividuals w hen they affix their subscription—that is a matter to be governed by their own consciences." The judge repeated again and again in several varieties of phrase, that the "plain intent and meaning of the Common prayer or the articles of religi, - ,n," "the Plain, grammatical meaning," was that which he i l tdo t lab could regard. N o au th or it y , h owever hi g h, though it e x p resse d hi s own pr i vate : op idi on, nor ev enthongb he thought that to 11 3' Rely seriopinion be supported Pturc, could he presume to declare to b e the meaning of the article, unless that authority were in concurrence with the "plain, gramma tical meaning of it." He truly observed, that were he to seek to adapt the real meaning of the article to the convenience of the Church or of indi. viduals at the present day, it would be to repeal by judge-made law an act of Parliament. All such attempts on the part of judges, he observed, by in genious subterfuges to evade or weaken the law, were not only contrary to principle but injurious in their consequences, since they tended to postpone a remedy, if there were a real evil. The learned Doctor seemed to feel that his principles necessitated judgments which might be regarded as "too severe restrictions of the clergy ;" and as " shutting the door against inquiry and dis quisition which might tend to elucidate the truth.' But he was certainly right in his reply, that if this were so, " it was not for a Court of Justice to open a door which the Legislature has shut." Dr. LUSHINGTON allowed considerable liberty in two respects—first, he held that if, in endeavouring to ascertain the grammatical sense of the articles, any of them fairly and naturally admitted of being construed in more senses than one, any of those sews were admissible; especially if it were found that eminent -divines had held such senses "without offence." "That which had been allowed or tolerated in the Church ought not to be questioned by that Court." Again, he allowed considerable latitude to sermons. They could not be construed in the same rigid way as legal documents must be. A clergyman ought to be allowed the fullest scope in endeavouring to show that his language did not really contravene that of the Articles or of the Prayer-book. But the Articles themselves must be taken by a judge, and by all who subscribe them, "as containing the doctrines of the Church of England," and that the doctrines as far as set forth in them are " accordant to Scripture." Nor was it sufficient to allege intention not to teach doctrines contrary to the Articles ; it must be shown that the teaching was not really contrary. After what we have men tioned, it cannot be doubted that Mr. HEATH'S doctrines, on the most favourable construction of his sermons were almost in direct contradiction to several of the Articles. Our clergymen now know the length of their legal tether. We do not see how Dr. LunnNo- TON'S principles can be set aside. They reveal indeed a yoke on the necks of the clergy which men of mental independence must chafe under. To find it necessary, as Dr. LUSHINGTON says, to have always in mind in their religious teaching the doc trines and language of worthy men of three cen turies back—to be fettered by the notions of theo logians just emerged from medrevial papacy—to be denied the right even to show that the doctrine of the Word of GOD is different from and better than that of the antique formularies of the Church of the TUDORS and the STUARTS—the very intimation is enough to drive every man who respects his own convictions and intellectual independence into the ranks of dissent. The remedy is obvious. Subscription and Uniformity—the devices of an age of Religious as well as Civil despotism are the roots of the evil. While these are enforced men must be compelled to intellectual dishonesty. No man can think on all points with the formularies and articles of the Church as they now stand, and if he once depart from Dr. LUSIIINGTON'S standard what honest standing ground can he find. It is only by the process colloquially known as " Winking hard," at many a doctrine or phrase, that men of High Church, Low Church, and Broad Church notions all keep their places in the establishment. We want, and we must have more liberal and therefore more honest terms of subscriptions, and greater liberty for cler gymen in the use of the Liturgy. On previous occasions we have called attention to the inefficiency of our county magistrates in dealing with the cases that come before them, and there occur almost weekly fresh proofs of their mistaken leniency in allowing ruffians to escape with a quarter of their deserts. The case of WHITELOCK and his apprentices is enough to call forth the deepest indignation. It is astonishing to believe a man could be guilty of such outrageous cruelty towards helpless girls, and on such trivial grounds of provocation. The workhouse authorities who apprenticed the orphan girls to this man were greatly to blame, as they could not have made the requisite inquiries relative to his character. The evidence that is given of his conduct seems to' relate the atrocities committed by a slavedriver, rather than the details of a transaction in a land on whose shores the slave is free. It is quite time that our legislators bestirred themselves in the cause of that wretched and trampled down class, the appren tices. Tyranny and persecution go unchecked in many an abode over which other WHITELOCKS may reign with a rule of terror, and no measures can be adopted that are too severe to stay cruelty towards unprotected orphans, who may be too frightened to appeal against such masters, or too ignorant to know they can have redress from the law. WRITELocx was often heard to exclaim that " all the devils on earth should not keep him from beating his girls." Those who survey his actions will believe that all evil spirits were exciting him to the commission of his cruelty, He was brought before the magistrates charged with beating a girl of fifteen with a horsewhip, for nearly an hour, on the plea that he had lost his purse. Had she stolen it, which he could not prove to be the fact, he had no right to take the law into his own hands. The case of the elder girl whom he ill-used is yet more flagrant, as it related to the trivial circum stance of her not having finished papering some bonnets on Saturday night. For these offences he was only condemned to two months' imprison ment with hard labour. Six months for each assault would have been far too little punishment. It is really encouraging hard-hearted and vindic tive men to indulge their passions to excess when they know that, if by chance discovered, the penalty inflicted will be so trifling, There is no offence more in violation of Divine laws than that of cruelty, and no human statutes approach at all to perfection when they are tolerant of its excesses, and do not put it down with a strong hand and a determined will. It is to be trusted that the con stant recurrence of such acts of wanton cruelty, as the one before us, will incite those in authority in petty sessions to try stringent measures for their suppression. If not, the general indignation of the public will be aroused, and the administration of jnatiCe Will b e taken from those who will not exer. LO else it h i i ts legitimate form of treating crimiLals, like WRIT E tality. off the a , with becoming severity, instead of puttin g v-Av en ti on is vicatyima has accoutt t until the life of some wretch e d fallen a prey ibetter than- cure, and to bru while the helpless ...., poo is incumbent on a ll concernedi of laws and the administration r n t abound n i 1,..ng. t of justice i so y them to frame them, and so to carr ' ~ Ou t, that such practices shall cease throughout the length and breadth of the land. There is no nobler end for exertion, and no higher aim to which we can aspire than to succour the frien dless and pro tect the ;oppress ed, and those who are planning missions among the heathen abroad had better begin i at sm taking up the cause of trampled down hoeby parish apprentices, and fighting against their ruthless tyrants. They could have no better return for their labours than receiving the blessing of those who were ready to perish, and no more glori ous incentive for their ambition than to "help the fatherless and poor unto their rights, that the man of the earth be no more exalted against them." ) No one is more fitted for the presidency of an edu cational meeting than Lord BROUGHAM, and we - are very happy to see that regained health enabled him to take the chair at the late anniversary fes tival of the Warehousemen and Clerks' Schools. This excellent institution is well worthy of support and encouragement, and the public approval of no less an authority than Lord BROUGHAM will pro bably commend it to the attention of many. In pro posing the usual loyal toasts Lord BROUGHAM made a happy allusion to his having met the Prince of WALES at the Middle Temple on the previous day. It must have been peculiarly interesting to the venerable lawyer to see the young heir to the Crown becoming a member of the profession of which he is himself so great an ornament. In making the speech of the evening, his lordship paid an eloquent tribute to the merits of this institution, and remarked that it possessed one peculiarity espe cially its own—it had been projected and was chiefly supported by those who might benefit by it. We often heard, he said, of similar establishments being set on foot by the wealthy to meet the necessities of the poor, but this had been begun by the warehouse men and clerks themselves. In London there were, he believed, some 20,000 of this numerous body, and some among them had subscribed £3,000 for found ing the institution. Since then masters of the trade and other classes have come forward to help in the good work, and the satisfactory re sults may be seen in the existing schools, in a reserve fund of £15,000, and a subscription of £9,000 towards the building fund. A further sum of £4,000 0rX5,000 is required to complete the build ing and secure proper accommodation for the children, and thus remove the only fault which the noble chairman could find in his inspection of the establishment--the necessity of crowding the children together. A large part of the requ quisite amount was, thanks to Lord BROUGHAM'S eloquent pleading and plain statement of the merits of the system employed, collected on Friday even ing, when the subscription after the festival ex ceeded £1,500. No charity is so commendable as that which helps others to help themselves, and there is no better way of doing this than by pro viding children of this class with a sound, plain education. We trust, from the accounts given of the institution, that the managers avoid the mis take, so common at the present day, of rapidly imparting a large amount of super ficial knowledge chiefly acquired by rote, which is certain to escape the memory in the lapse of years and press of occupation. It is far more important to educate the mind, to cultivate as far as possible the reflective and reasoning faculties, than to depend for instruction on the mere me chanical power of repetition. A comparatively small amount of substantial knowledge—the ordi nary branches of a sound English education, tho roughly acquired, are far more likely to be of last ing benefit to clerks and warehousemen's children, than a hurried introduction to a much larger area of knowledge which they are unlikely ever to ex plore. We hope, too, in the girl's department a due regard will be had to matters of practical utility, that they may be trained to be clever housewives and good managers of small incomes ; and not rival that establishment of learned girls in a vil lage school who amazed the lady visitors by their superior proficiency in dates, latitudes and longi tudes, and many branches of recondite and abstraot knowledge, but who were unable to find one among their number who could make a shirt. From the practical nature of these schools and the fact of their having been projected by men of business, we should hope they would be in every respect adapted to the wants of the class they train and educate. The success which has hitherto attended their efforts must encourage them for the future, since the eighth anniversary of their estab lishment sees them filled with promising pupils, supported by a large body of wellwishers, with increasing funds, a proposed new building, while their feast is presided over by one of the most eminent men in the country. - • ~E, • “,0 , :^lf° THE SUN. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENIN6i, NOVEMBER 4, 1861. FORTIFICATIONS OF NEW YORK. This State will csmmence work at once, and not wait for Congress to act. Appropriation will be made out• of the city treasury. Volunteers will be accepted, a home guard will be formed, and before the Ist of November the following forts in this city and harbour will be greatly strengthened, We have at the Narrows : Guns. Men required. Fort Sandy Hook 341 .. New Jersey Narrow 1000 Fort Tompkins 7O .. Staten Island ditto 1 200 Redoubt Tompkins 26 .. Ditto ditt o Fort Hamilton 76 ~ Long Island ditto) . 880 Redoubt Harailton . . 50 . . Ditto ditto Fort Richmond l4O .. Staten Island ditto Battery H udson 50 .. Ditto ditto 1 1080 Battery Mortar lO .. Ditto ditto Fort Lafayette 76 .. Long Island ditto 370 Fort Columbus lO5 . Governor's Island . op- Castle William 7B .. posite New York 800 Ditto ditto South Battery l4 .. Ditto ditto Fort Gibson Fort Wood Fort Schuyler 3lB .. Entrance of Sound .. 1250 Fort at Willett's Point , 195 .. Ditto ditto 1336 1641 . 7346 These fortifications have already cost 3,660,964 dollars, and they require about the same sum to complete them thoroughly. The works will all go on now, and the men will be at once placed in the defences. .RECO V_ERT of the JOURNAL of AL OLPLIE SCR-LAGINTIVEIT. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—l rejoice to have it in my power to make known to geographers and other men of science, that 'Lord William Hay, now employed as Civil Commissioner in Cashmere, and who has been in defatigable in his endeavour to throw light upon the fate of Adolphe Schlagintweit, has at length succeeded in possessing himself of the journal of that most adventurous explorer. It will be in the recollection of many of your readers that, quiting his brothers Hermann and Robert, who traversed the Karakorum and Kuenlun chains to Eltchi, near Yarkand, Adolphe, pursuing his travels on a more western meridian, succeeded in passing considerably further northward than his brothers, when he was beheaded by a robber chief in front of Kashgar, and on his road to Kokand. Lord William Hay, in a letter dated the Bth of September, thus writes to his brother, Lord Gif ford,' who has authorised me to make the facts known to the public : (' You will be glad to hear, and please communicate the intelligence to friends and those who are interested, that I have succeeded in recovering, and have now in my posses sion, Adolphe Schlagintweit's journal, containing 135 pages of closely written notes, accompanied by what is confi dently asserted to be the poor fellow's skull. The last entry in the journal is dated the 11th of August (1856), a few days before he was beheaded." The surviving brothers will thus be enabled to enrich their work, now in the course of publication, by descriptions of a region never visited in modern times by any other scientific traveller. Your obedient servant, RODERICK I. MURCHISON. Belgrave-square, Nov. 2. Lord Clarence Paget, M.P., accompanied by Capt. the Hon. J. R. Drummond, C. 8., left the Admiralty, Whitehall, on Monday, for Weymouth, in order to embark on board H.M.S. Warrior, the noble lord and the other gallant officer being anxious to obtain a personal knowledge of the seagoing properties of this noble frigate. The Earl and Countess Manvers have arrived at the Clarendon Hotel from Thoresby-park. Viscount and Viscountess Sandon leave town to-morrow for Brighton. Lord and Lady Norreys will leave Croxteth Park, where they have been staying on a visit to the Countess of Sefton, in a few days for Brighton. Col. and Lady Caroline Towneley and Miss Towneley arrived in town on Saturday from Croxteth Park. Her ladyship and Miss Towneley leave town to-morrow for Brighton. ILLNESS OF SHERIDAN KNOWLES. —The Northern Tf7tig states that this gentleman, who has abandoned the stage for the pulpit, is suffering from severe illness in the neighbourhood of Belfast. The scientific meetings for the present week are —This day—Entomological, 8. Architects, 8. Tuesday— Photographic, 8. Wednesday—Geological, 8 : Bone Caves of Lund Viel, Herault, Marcel de Serres ; Petroleum Springs, N. America, Dr. Gesner ; Volcanic Phenomenon, Manilla, Mr. Veitch ; Land Animals, Coal Measures, Nova Scotia, Dr. Dawson. Thursday—Linnean, 8. W. African Tropical Orchids, Dr. Lindley; Structure of the Anther, Professor Oliver; Gentianaie, Dr. Greisbach. Chemical, 8: Action of certain Gases on Alkaline Peroxides, Mr. Harcourt ; Results of Analyses of Coppers, Messrs. Abel and Field ; Occurrence of Bismuth in Copper Minerals, Mr. Field. Friday—Astronomical, 8. THE OUTWARD WEST INDIA MAILS.--SOUTH- A.MPTON, Nov. 2.—The Royal Mail Company's steamship Atrato, Captain Woolly, sailed hence this evening, with the fortnightly mails for the British and foreign 'West Indies, Mexico, the Pacific, California, and Central America. She took out 230 passengers, including the Archbishop of Trini dad, Secretary to Captain Panter, Ensign Chisolm, Captain Mulliner, Assistant-Surgeon Michael, Hon. G. Solomon, and the Hon. J. Salomon. The Atrato took on freight specie in silver, £5,947; diamonds, £1,200; jewellery, £455; French jewellery, £7,580 ; also a full cargo of Eng lish and French merchandise. THE MAILS.—LARGE SPECIE EXPORTS.—On Saturday the Cunard Royal Mail steamer Niagara was des patched from Liverpool for Boston, with the North Ameri can and United States mails, £20,400 in specie, and 70 pas sengers. The next mail despatches from the Mersey will be by the Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Company's steamer City of Manchester, and the Quebec and Montreal Royal Mail steamer Norwegian, the former sailing on 'Wed nesday with mails for the United States, and the latter on Thursday with the Canadian and United States mails. SNOW STORM.—The first snow of the season fell on Saturday morning between seven and eight, and fell in large quantity for about half an hour, the size of the flakes being unusually great. The after part of the day was fine but unusually cold. The wind ranged between W.S.W. by W. and W.N.W. by W. Yesterday the weather was beautifully dry and cold, with the wind at N. to N.E. Last night the mercury fell 3 or 4 degrees below freezing ; but this morning the wind veered round to S.W., with rain, which still continues. We (Army and Navy G aze t te) understand that Major-General K.C.8., will p ro b a bl y suc ceedommand of the troops in th e Sir George Si rß ut o e h r John n n t hgel command lonians Islands. Among other announcements of the week is Mr. Martin's, who, on behalf of the National Choral Society, states intentions of giving concerts at Exeter-hall during the winter to audiences exclusively composed of military officers and soldiers, who must all appear in regimentals— the explanation of the step stated being a deal 3 to promote a taste for choral music in the army. MELANCHOLY DEATH OF A MAN WHO SAVED THE QUEEN'S LI7E.—On Saturday night, Mr. Bedford, the Westminster coroner, held an inquest at St. George's Work blase, Mount-street, Grosvenor -square, on view of the body of John Turner, aged 54, an imbecile inmate of the above workhouse, who, about three weeks since, accidentally fell down some steps and sustained injuries which caused his death on Tuesday last. The evidence elicited from the son of the deceased was of a somewhat extraordinary character, and excited considerable interest. James Turner, the witness alluded to, deposed that his father was formerly a licensed victualler, and landlord of the Fox, at Highgate-hill. He was the man who, in 18 37, saved her Majesty's life under the following circumstances :—On the 6th of July of that year the four horses of the Queen's carriage, containing her Majesty and the Prince Leiningen, took fright on the top of Highgate-hill, and dashed down the steep. His father, at the risk of his life, got the wheel horses by the head just in time to enable her Majesty to jump out. On the follow ing day deceased attended Buckingham Palace, in answer to a summons from Sir H. Wheatley, who gave him £lO, and requested him to put up the royal arms to commemo rate the circumstance, which he did at a cost of £2O. Witness' said that he was also informed that her Majesty would always be his friend. He had since made constant applications to the Prince Consort, but he had no further recognition of his services. This so preyed upon his mind that at last he became an imbecile, and an inmate of that workhouse. The Coroner was of opinion that her Majesty could not be aware of this, and the jury returned a verdict of "Accidental death." THE NEW ORDER OF BANKRUPTS.—It appears from the Gazette lists published in our journal of Saturday and * Tuesday last that 143 additional bankrupts were made last week. Amongst them are classes of persons who have not hitherto been brought under the cognisance of the Court of Bankruptcy, but who will be accoided that privi l.ge in future. Looking over the list we find that eight of the now bankrupts do not declare themselves of any trade r‘e nrofession, three are " gentlemen," one secretary to an insurance office, one solicitor to an insurance company, three commission agents, one mercantile agent, one clerk in the 'War-office, two schoolmasters, one land surveyor, one inventor, one law clerk, three commercial travellers, three farmers, one journeyman printer, one house agent, one solicitor, three surgeons, two journeymen carpenters, one chemist, one journeyman joiner, and one ship broker, Of the bona fide traders who appear to have been most unfor tunate there are seven licensed victuallers, three butchers three clock manufacturers, three cotton manufacturers four lineudrapers sever; Wilers and four bakers. THE ISLE OF WIGHT. IMPROVED LANDING PLACE AT WEST COWES.—On Thursday an immense pontoon, of sufficient extent for five large steamers to land their passengers on it at one time, was towed over from Southampton, and is now being fixed at the steamboat wharf. This is an accommodation that has long been wanting, for nothing could have been worse than that in use to the present time. THE COWES AND NEWPORT RAILWAY.—The carriages for this railway were brought over to the island last week. Two engines have been in constant work on it for the last month carrying the ballasting waggons to get the road ready for the opening of it this month. THE LONDON AND COUNTY BANK,—This establishment, at the request of a number of the resident inhabitants of Newport, opened a branch there on Saturday last, and it is understood intend opening one at Cowes, in which town there is at present no bank. Their Imperial Highnesses the Grand Duke and Duchess Constantine, with the Princess Olga, arrived at Claridge's Hotel on Saturday evening from Ryde, Isle of Wight. They were met at the Waterloo station by his Excellency Baron Brunnow, who accompanied them to the hotel. His Highness the Maharajah Dhuleep Sing, attended by Colonel Oliphant, arrived at Claridge's Hotel, on Saturday, from Windsor Castle. His Highness leaves town to••day for Mu]grave Castle, Yorkshire. , The Marquis of Exeter arrived in Grosvenor. square on Saturday from Newmarket. The noble marquis and marchioness will leave town in a few days for Brighton. The Earl and Countess of Craven passed through London on Saturday, from Coombe Abbey, on their way to Ashdown Park, Berks. Viscount Uffington remains in town. The Countess of Sefton and the Earl of Sefton are receiving a succession of visitors at their seat, Croxteth Park, Lancashire. The Earl and Countess of Bective have left Underby Hall, Kirkby Lonsdale, Westmoreland, for the Lodge, Virginia, county Cavan. The Earl of Radnor is receiving a family circle at his seat, Coleshill House, Berkshire. Viscount and Viscountess Folkestone and the Han. Miss Bouverie, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Burnaby, the Right Hon. E. P. Bouverie, M.P., and Lord Ashley are amongst the company. The Earl of Hopetoun has arrived at Long's Hotel. Lord Llanover left town on Saturday on a visit to Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston, at Broadlands, Hants. SOUTH - EASTERNRAILWAYWINTERCONTINENTAL SEavicEs.—The tidal service via Folkestone and Boulogne has been so arranged for the winter that the journey be tween London and Paris will be performed in an average time of about 12 hours. This is accomplished by the use of the regular express trains which now run on the South- Eastern Railway at intervals of two hours, and the special trains provided on certain days on both the English and French lines. With the aid of the new deep-sea pier at Folkestone, which lessens the dependence on the tide, the hours of the tidal service will be found almost as conve nient as during the summer. The company's new steamer the Victoria continues to make very satisfactory voyages, the time occupied in each varying from an hour and 20 to an hour and 30 minutes. The night service, via Folkestone niid Boulogne, will be maintained during the winter. The opening of L..... ~...,,, from the South-Eastern Company's the r e t train ogf o Dover harbour station to the Admiralty pier ....3. ~.1- har bour, to take place in a few days, will enable the passen gerssavin f e ' and baggage to be landed and embarked from and to that: e bo w a u t i d al ire s e c t , b, e th e u ff s ec p t r e o d m w o hi tin ch g gvrgiellatplyrevtheenteotinhe likelihoodbaggage, toofwthhiechpinaseosennvgaz being separated from their liable. A new tw o ami a haleflC train now leaves Dover they have hitherto been at 5'15 p.m. for the acconaramodailat:ig m a cs, the_ travellers from the Continent by the day ceed by the 3 , 15 p.m, mail train, 3' be unable to pro i TEST NE S. VIENNA, Nov. 2, EVENING. The official Wiener Zeitung, in its evening edition publishes the following :—" Austria respects the right of other states to settle their own interior affairs, and no foreign power could therefore think of making proposals to Austria in reference to Hungary. The news published by some journals, that a foreign power had entered into negotiations with Austria for the cession of Venetia, is a pure in- vention. VIENNA, Nov. 3. The official Wiener Zeitung of to-day says ; "The Emperor has signified his displeasure to the Prince Primate of Hungary at the contents and publication of his reply to the circular addressed by the Aulic Chancellery to the Obergespanns of the comitats." ROME, Nov. 2. Heavy rains have caused great destruction on the railway to Civita Vecchia. The traffic has been interrupted in consequence. The locomotive of one train was thrown off the rails, but none of the passengers were hurt. BERLIN, Nov. 2. The Duke of Magenta and General Dellarocca will leave Berlin this evening. Lord Clarendon will take his departure next Wednesday. The Neue Preussische Zeitung of to-day says : " Baron Beust, the King of Saxony's Minister for Foreign Affairs, will shortly arrive in Berlin, in order to make proposals to the King of Prussia in reference to the re-organisation of the Federal constitution. " These proposals are reported to be in substance as follows ! " A Directorate, composed of three persons, to be placed at the head of the Federal Diet for the transaction of current affairs. " Questions of war or peace, and other important matters, to be decided on by an assembly of the Ministers of the different German Powers. " These assemblies to meet alternately in a town of Northern and Southern Germany. " Prussia would have the Presidency of the Northern Ministerial assembly, and Austria that of the Southern. " The establishment of a national representation which would be connected with the ministerial assemblies, and meet at the same time and place with them." BERLIN, Nov. 2. The Preussische Zetung of to-day publishes news from Moscow (without date), announcing that the students in that city had created violent disturb ances, which had been quelled by military force. A petition, requesting the release of the students lately arrested, and that a constitution should be granted to Russia, had been signed by 17,000 persons. The University of Kazan had been closed because the students had demolished the rector's house. Student disturbances had also taken place at Charkow. FRANCE. BOURSE, Nov. 2.—The market has been firm, and the settlement of the monthly account having gone on without difficulty, prices have improved, Threes, for the end of the month, being now at 68f 25c. Railways also firm, and some lines higher. The following were the last quotations : , ft per per Cents ... 95 95 Credit Fonder ll6O Do. end month.... 96 Belgian 41 99 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 30 Roman Bank Shares 2905 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 705 Spanish Threes 4B Do. Account 706 25 Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1330 .. 1331 25 Northern New ditto 903 75 .. 905 Lyons and Mediterranean 1023 75 .. 1025 Geneva.. Sbuthern 631 25 .. 632 50 Western Eastern Sardinian 347 50 .. 348 75 Austrian Lowbard 527 50 .. 530 INDIA. We have received our letters and papers by the Overland Mail, under date of Bombay, October 12 ; Calcutta, October 1. The Bombay Gazette gives the following outlines of intelligence : "The English mail of the 18th September arrived in Bombay on the 10th October. " Sir George Russell Clerk has resigned the Go vernment of Bombay, and his resignation has been accepted. Reasons not yet known. ," Lord Canning will not leave India till March, 1862. " The Government of India have granted lands to the native commissioned and non-commissioned officers in their respective villages whose services have been dispensed with in consequence of the reduction of the native army. " Cholera has been making awful ravages at Can dahar. Eight thousand persons fell victims to it in 18 days. " The Russian Government continues its gradual preparations for occupying Independent Tartary. " Mr. R. Temple is to be the Chief Commissioner of the Government Paper Currency, which will come into operation next January. " Instructions have been issued to all the Secre tariats not to send up new propositions to the Legislative Council of India until the changes con templated by the Governor-General in Council in the constitution thereof are effected. The same journal remarks : " The Bombay Chamber of Commerce very pro perly feels itself aggrieved by the Home Govern ment granting special privileges to the Manchester Cotton Company which are not accorded to private enterprise. The fact is that some of our enterprising merchants applied for land at the part of Sada sewghur as soon as it was decided by Government to establish a port at that place ; but notwithstand ing these previous applications, the Secretary of S tate for India has ordered the local government not to dispose of the land at the port until the agents of the Cotton Company shall first have had an opportunity of selecting sites for a cotton gin factory, press houses, offices, and stores. This is very properly regarded and characterised by the Chambers as an unwarrantable and partial exercise of authority by the Secretary of State for India,' and the Chamber has met and formally protested against it. The Chamber maintains that Government lands which may be for sale should be submitted:to public compe tition in parcels at different periods of time after due notice by advertisement; and very rightly ob serves that, in this way, the highest price would be obtained, and complaints of undue preference would be avoided. Resolutions embracing the views above stated have been passed by the Chamber, and trans mitted to Government, with a request that they may be forwarded to the Right Hon. the Secretary of State for India in Council. Surely the Manchester Company has done nothing in connection with the promotion and extension of the cotton trade of this country, to establish any claim on the Government to special privileges. The merchants .of Bombay have done all that has been done in this way. If any parties, therefore, have any claims to special privileges, it is they. They have just grounds for their complaints and protest; we are glad that they have promptly and formally made them ; and we trust that Government will act in reference to them with that wisdom which is without partiality." AMERICA.. NEW YORK, OCT. 22, EVENING. (Per Asia, via Queenstown.) The New York journals generally approve of the language of Mr. Seward's letter to Lord Lyons, and repudiate as an unwarrantable interference any British interpretation of the Federal constitution. The New York Tribune, however, denies the necessity either for confining prisoners in military prisons, or for the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act in the State of New York. It is reported from Washington that the Treasury department denies the statement of the New York Evening Post, that foreign capitalists had offered to take 100,000,000 dols. of the Federal loan. The Federals have retaken possession of Lexing ton. The New Fork Tribune states that General Fre mont's removal is certainly decided on. Colonel Baker, a California Senator, was killed while leading the Federals in the Harrison's Island affair. The Charleston Enquirer denies the news of the departure of the steamer Nashville, A despatch from Toronto states that notice has been given of an application to the Court of Chancery for the appointment of a receiver and manager of the Grand Trunk Railway, and for an injunction to restrain the English contractors from seizing the rolling stock under an execution against the company. The Etna and the North Briton have arrived out. NEW YORK, Ocr. 23, MORNING. The Lower Potomac is considered effectually closed, as the Confederate batteries command the river at every point below Washington. The Washington Star denies that General Stone was repulsed, and says that he obtained his object, but suffered loss to his right wing. He still held his position on the Virginia side of the Potomac, and was throwing up works to protect the crossing of the whole of General Banks's division. The movements on the Potomac indicate that a general engagement may be expected almost imme diately. It is reported from Missouri that the Federals had routed the Confederates under Jefferson Thomson, and captured four guns. General Zollieffer has attacked the Federals at Camp Wild Cat, Kentucky, and been repulsed. The Charleston blockading squadron has de stroyed the ship Thomas Watson, from Liverpool, while she was endeavouring to run the blockade. It is rumoured in Washington that additional correspondence has passed between Lord Lyons and Mr. Seward. The British gunboat Racer has arrived at New York. The Africa passed Cape Race on the 21st inst, QUEENSTOWN, Nov. 3 The Royal Mail steam-ship Asia, from New York on the 23d ultimo, arrived here at 2 a.m. to day with 81 passengers. She landed all mails except those for Liverpool, and four passengers, and proceeded at 2.30 a.m. ; all well. The Asia experienced strong easterly winds on her passage home. QUEENSTOWN, Nov. 3 • The Royal Mail steamship Niagara arrived here at 3 p.m., embarked the mails, passengers, and latest telegrams, and proceeded for Boston and Halifax at 4 p.m. All well. BATTLE OF CANAD f RICA-DEFEAT OF URQUIZA. BUENOS AYRES, SEPT. 28 We have positive news of a splendid victory for the Constitutional party of the Republic. The arms of Buenos Ayres have given a death-blow to the barbuism which has so long desolated the country. The revolution of May, 1810, is ended, and, for the first time in history, the Liberal party among the Argentine people is triumphant. The hasty despatch of General Mitre is the best story of the fight : " FIELD OF BATTLE, PAVOW, Sept. 7, "To the Minister of War,—l have the honour to inform you that last night I commenced the inva sion of the territory of Santa Fe. This morning I marched upon the enemy at the head of 15,500 men, with 34 pieces of artillery, of which the army of operations of the province was composed. Whilst marching upon the enemy I was enabled to cut his line of battle, isolating two of his divisions, and driving his vanguard to the other side of the Canada Rica, where I met the army of the enemy in a body of 16,000 to 17,000 men of the three armies, with 42 pieces of artillery, some of them of heavy calibre. At half-past two p.m. the firing commenced on both sides, our line advancing until it was placed at half cannon shot from that of the enemy, who had de ployed his centre upon a strong position on Palacio's estancia, with his rear to the Pabon. After haying shaken his line by a strong cannonade, I ordered my chief of the staff, Colonel Wenceslo Paunero, to advance resolutely with our centre and storm the infantry and artillery of the enemy. " This order was obeyed with rapidity, cour age, and skill by Colonel Paunero, assisted by Colonel Emile Mitre, whose horse was killed under him, at the head of his column, by a cannon ball, by the Colonels Rivas and Arguero, and the intrepidity of our battalions, together with the intelligence and energy of our chiefs and officers who commanded them, and who took the entire centre of the enemy under a deadly fire of musketry and artillery, putting to flight the enemy's infantry, taking the greater part of their guns, pursuing the fugitives, and capturing a number of prisoners. Our cavalry was surrounded on both wings, some 300 men only remaining on the field of battle, including my escort of the National Guard, part of which I placed under the orders of General Hornos, who, after making supreme efforts to contain his left wing, joined the triumphant cen tre with the few troops he could assemble. There after he took 37 ammunition waggons from the enemy, carrying them off by force from a strong column of cavalry, which took him off the field. "At 4 p.m. our infantry remained in quiet pos session of the field of battle, a large part of the enemy's cavalry being dispersed, but from which we have taken many prisoners. Our 18 battalions and artillery are all united without other loss than those killed on the field of battle, for we have gathered up our wounded. The trophies of this victory are 1,600 prisoners, 34 pieces of artillery, some of heavy calibre, 11 flags and standards, all the park, ambu lances, and commissariat of the army, 5,000 horses, and 4,000 arms, including lances and swords. Among the prisoners are many chiefs and officers, and almost all those belonging to the artillery. Our loss has not been great, and at present I have no knowledge that any chief or officer of notability has fallen. All those of the infantry and artillery except some wounded are in their places." Later intelligence reports that General Mitre is about to march upon Rosaria. PRORGESS OF WESTERN AIISTRALIA.—At present the colony is very thinly peopled. A country as capacious as some eight United Kingdoms possesses less than the population of many a quiet English town. In time, how ever, we may hope that the rich loam in the Herefordshire like district beyond the dividing Darlirs range, v ague l y known as "the country over the hills," will be thickly dotted with farmsteads, and produce not only corn enough for the colony's consumption, but a large surplus for expor tation. There was a considerable increase in the exports o f Western Australian pro d u ce for 1859 . The value was £93,037, against £ 78,648 in 1858. Co pper ore, timber, sandal wood, and wool we're the articles which contributed most l arge ly to this increase. At the end of 1859 irt twelveGd to Geraldine mines we re working in Western Australia—eight copperioe and lyd f i i o ien u l e de r lead. The Wheel Fortune Copper rnalA metaluinestira ; timber has Australian the an average, of about 28 par 6a a r l e r a ea d d l‘ y li w n o e n B4 a w Pe i r de ce c n el t e . br l it V y e:te for its endurance. It defies the borers and crumblers which by l an d and sea soon riddle and rot the majority of wood. It also preserves from rust iron driven into it. There is a great demand for it in India for railway sleepers. The sandal wood is chiefly exported to Singapore. Wool, of course, depends upon grass. With great pleasure, th ere f ore , we read in a Perth paper that the pasturage of Western Australia is remarkably im proved. Besides those already specified, the exports of Western Australia are horses for the Indian army, oil, whalebone, raisins, currants, olives, and guru,—Australian and ,Arew Zogqn4 Gazette, URNEFINGS 02 DR. LIVINGSTONE. The following letter ft,,, Dr,Livingstone Governor Sir Geo r g e Grey-, to has been laid before the Capetown Chamber of Com,erce : Mohilla Island, near Coiner, April 4, 1861. My dear Sir George,—You wi. probably have heard ere this reaches you, that we NN it to Rovuma in February, and made an attempt teascend that river in March. Our p rogress was arre,ted when only some 30 miles f rom the mouth, by ° serv i ng that the water was falling at the rate of seven inches a-day—we had come over some par, no t more than five or six feet deep, and our vessel has drawing four and a half feet—so we had to make up our minds whether to proceed further and remain among a people whom we did not know till the next flood, or come back, and work on our old "spoor" up the Shire. The detention would have been such a waste of time for those who remained at Johanna, and would not have advanced the object of those who had come to Rovuma more effectually than by spending the same period up the Shire. For the general good, therefore, we returned, and were favoured by a rise in the river of three or four feet. This last is said to be the last flood of the year, and made us fully alive to the fact that,from one cause or another, we were quite two months too late for successful exploration. From the little that we saw we are disposed to think favourably of the river as an entrance into Eastern Africa. It has a sandy bottom, three quarters of a mile broad, and partakes much of the character of the Zambesi. Unlike that river with its abominable bars, it flows into a magnificent bay. And the only danger in its mile-wide mouth is a sort of " bore" formed by the water of the river of a few fathoms meeting the ocean tide of nineteen fathoms; at full tide it is all smooth. By keeping near the shore it is quite safe at all periods of the tide. We have a very short delta, and the land rises up from the bank in a gentle slope to three or four hundred feet. It is well wooded, the ebony attaining a much larger size than it does anywhere on the Zambesi. The country is very beautiful, but there is something wrong among the people. Food seemed scarce in a soil where everything could grow. Half-caste Arabs appear to lord it over the general population, and they were inclined to do the same with us. When my brother took the Makololo on shore to cut wood, some of them came and assumed the airs we read of in countries further north. They demanded payment for the weod, and he offered to give it pro vided that they should cut it. But no, they would seize that already cut. The Makololo were un armed, but made a rush to their arms ; they would not let their white men be imposed on ; the Bas tards made a rush the other way, and could scarcely be prevailed on to come back and take up the vege tables they had left behind. But for this little show of pluck we should have had the company of these half-castes at every village, fines levied on every possible pretext, and the word passed on beyond their beat that we were a hoard of she asses to be milked for the public benefit. It is of the utmost importance here, as in Europe, for the people to feel - that you are not dependent on them. If they see that you can get on without them, they are much more obliging. . . . I have always found that the presence of a trusty band of Makololo, though use less for ship work, was invaluable on land. It was not without considerable regret that we gave up the project of a land journey with them up to Ro vuma. It was the worst season for travelling; rain and heavy dews would have cut us up. in fact, the same reasons that prevailed for the postponement of the landing of the mission still continue in force. By the time we reach the Shire we shall be in the healthier season, and a beginning will be made of the general labours from the other end of Nyassa to that which we looked on by the Rovuma. It is curious that all the people declare that Rovuma comes out by Nyassa; this, according to a curious idea that has come over the geographical mind in England, must mean that Nyassa comes out of Rovuma. I wish our friends would only tell us all about it beforehand. It Would save us a great deal of trouble, and deliver us from the perplexity of guessing and grumbling. We see, for instance, Shire never discolours in flood, but is always of a dark mossy hue, carries a great deal of mica, has a muddy bottom, and never rises or falls more than a few feet. Rovuma rises some five or six feet, is very brown and muddy, but has a sandy bottom, water carries little or no mict, and tastes of rain rather than moss. Now, anything positive, if given beforehand, will be thankfully received, though it come from the archives of Prester John. P.S.—Johanna, at William Sunley's, H.M. Con sul, Comoro Islands.—We require two well-trained strong mules, fit for and used to either harness or the saddle, and two good strong Scotch carts with harness, &c., complete, to transport goods past Murchison's Cataract. I propose to submit a spot near the village Market, " Chizanze's," not far from the bottom of Zomba, for the bishop's inspection. The head man, called Chibaba, is a fat, frank, jolly fellow; the elevation some 3,000 or 4,000 feet abore the sea, cool in the hottest part of the season, and well watered, This will be a sanatorium, and there stands Zomba's top, a day's journey up, inhabited, and a fine rivulet. Some work will be required to find a good sloping kloof up to the plateau. All have had fever, except one. Indeed, but two of the entire expedition have escaped, yet nothing serious occurred.—l am, &c., DAVID LIVINGSTONE. Letters, dated River Rovuma, 23d of March, have been received by the Bishop of Capetown from Bishop Mackenzie. The mission party appear to have been well, and in good spirits. At the close of his letters the Missionary Bishop says :—" As to the future, Dr. Livingstone is sending up a boat to the Senna for beads, and some other of the things he has left there, and the Pioneer must await their return, which will be on Monday probably. Then we shall be ready to start up the Shire, having only one other stoppage for wood before we reach the Murchison Cataract. Then, as I think I told you, Livingstone most kindly proposes to come with us to the plateau south of the summit of Zomba, a high table land (from three to four thousand feet above the sea), in some part of w hi c h, h e t hi n k s, we shall find a desirable site for the mission ; after which we shall apply ourselves to making acquaint ance with our neighbours, learning their language, getting up our stores, and making ready for our ladies, whom we expect about the end of the year." THE COST OF THE AMERICAN WAR; (From the Money Market Review.) The paper known as the" Continental Currency' of the old American revolution was issued to supply the then rebels with the sinews of war, just as the Treasury notes are now issued ; and the former, like the latter, were to be paid in specie on de mand. The first issue took place in 1775, and was limited to two million dols., which was then considered a very large sum. A year afterwards the amount in circulation was 20 millions, and although the ardour of the people for indepen dence had not in the least cooled, depreciation at once ensued. " Continental currency" was in everybody's hands, and everybody wanted to get rid of it, for specie if possible, or for any other article that pro m i se d t o be useful. The necessi ties of the war involving, however, still further issues, 200 millions were afloat in 1780; and 30 dols. in " continental currency" were freely given in exchange for one silver dollar. At that point Congress intervened, and made the "continental currency" a legal tender; but the doing so accom plished nothing. An attempt was then made to tax the States, but objections were raised, and evasions became so general that an appeal be- France, Holland, and other countries. In 1783 be came necessary ihoetene lts altisot it w, and is the re no t a d anger th a t not to n k privateeep its individual s promises ? and to the amount of this currency in circulation was n o le s s than 500 million dollars. The war b e i ng t h en e nded, the currency was repudiated on a ll hands, and from that day to this nothing h as b een done by the Federal Government o boeti t n o pgr r mo e b d aa e db e el m ewi in thatll also specie aech in issue s its k sion tovl ehafmel find Treasury etepbadereseooul Federal promises. convenient e s nn es. t Government will once more in the e nd History is valueless, unless we learn from it what it teaches u th s. e huge The c P o a s r t t o ie f u t la h r e s oaldboAvememriecnan wartioned especting to the Americans, and the consequences of the country being flooded with Government paper, point a warning which is peculiarly applicable at the present moment. PASSAGES IN CONTRACT STEAM VESSELS.—We are happy to be in a position to state that the Admiralty have at length remedied an old and very great grievance respect ing the passage allowance granted to the assistant-engineers of the Royal Navy, and that in future first .class passes will be furnished to those officers when ordered to proceed in troop ships and contract steam vessels,— United Service Gazette. MEDICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—At the last meeting of this society—Mr. W. Coulson, president, in the chair—an important communication " on the nature and action of mineral waters" was read by Dr. Althaus. A short historical account of the use of mineral waters having been given, the author dwelt especially upon the tempera.. ture of the springs, the part played in them by carbonic acid, and the physiological a ction of the spas. He also gave a report on the new lithia springs at Baden, which had last year been discovered by Professor Bunsen, of Heidelberg, and which had during the last season, for the first time, been extensively used in cases of chronic gout and lithiasis with highly satisfactory results. The quan tity of lithia contained in them is not equalled by that any other springs, and they are used for drinking as wel for bathing•