The Sun. — London, England, 1856-12-30 00:00:00

r SUN OFBZE, SevB,3l '' Clock s NAVAL APPOINTIVIEI47S.—(This Day.) The following appointments have been made at the Admiralty this afternoon : Surgeon—Andrew Moffitt to the Iris. Assistant - Surgeons—Berjamin Browning (acting) to the Iris ; Samuel Campbell (acting) to the Pianiper. LONDON GAZETTE—(This Evening.) At the Court of Windsor, the 29th day of December, 185 1 3, present—The Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in Council. Her Majesty having been pleased to appoint the Right Hon. Charles Crespigny, Lord Vivian, to be Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotuloruin of the county of Corn wall, he this day took the oaths appointed to bo taken thereupon, instead of the oaths of allegiance and supre macy. WHITEHALL, DEC. 29. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed undsr the Great Seal, appointing Samuel Gale, Esq. ; John Southerdon Burn, Esq. ; George Graham, Esq. ; Robert Lush, Esq., Barrister-at-Law ; William Palmer Parken, Esq., Barrister-at-Law ; Horace Mann, Esq., Barrister-at-law ; and Hull Terrell, Esq., to be her Majesty's Commissioners for the purpose of inquiring into the state, custody, and authenticity of certain non parochial registers of births or baptisms, deaths or burials, and marriages in England and Wales. FOREIGN-OFFICE, DEC. 27. The Queen has been also pleased to approve of Mr. Frederick Arend Ebbeke as Consul at Kingston, Ja maica, for the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburgh. CROWN-OFFICE, DEC. 29. MEMBER RETURNED TO SERVE IN THE PRESENT PARLIAMENT. County of Suffolk, Eastern Division.—The Right Hon. John Henniker Major Lord Henniker, in the room of Sir Edward Sherlock Gooch, Bart., deceased. BOARD OF TRADE, WHITEHALL, DEC. 30. The Right Honourable the: Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade and Plantations have received, through the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a copy of a despatch from her Majesty's Minister at Lisbon, transmitting copy of a recent Portuguese Royal Decree, fixing as follows the import duties upon the undermen tioned articles :- 1. Foreign maize to come under provisions of Articles 1 and 2 of Law of 3d July, 185 G, i.e., payment of 20 reis per alquiere. 2. Foreign salt to pay 10 reis per 100 lbs. 3. Foreign oil to pay 1,200 reis per 100 lbs. 5. Vesssels importing full cargoes of cereals will be exempted from payment of tonnage dues ; and vessels importing part cargoes of cereals will be exempted from tonnage dues in proportion to the quantity. The provisions of the Decree are to continue in force until the end of June, 1857. VAR-DEPARTMENT, PALL-MALL, DEC. 30. - - - - Royal Artillery—Lieut.-General William Greenshields Power, C. 8., to be ,Colonel• Commandant, vice General the Hon. Wm. Henry Gardner, deceased. WAR DEPARTMENT, PALL-MALL, DEC. 30. 46th Foot—The Christian name of Mr. Abbott, who was permitted to resign his commission as Ensign on the 12th inst., is John, and not William,':as previously stated. COMMISSION SIGNED BY LORD-LIEUTENANT. Northumberland Regiment of Militia Artillery—Wm. Bums, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant. EINKRITPTCIES ANNULLED. Maria Kaye, hosier, Tottenham-court road. Thomas Craven, builder, Birmingham. BANKRUPTS. William Hartz, commission agent, Fer.church-street, City, to surrender Jan. 15, at one, and Feb. 16, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Nicholson, official assignee, Basinghall-street; King and George, King-street, Cheap side. William Ring eating-house keeper, Paddington-street, St. Marylebone, ' Jan. 13, at one, and Feb. 10, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Lee, official assignee, Alder manbury ; Vood and France, Falcon-street. Farebrother, Bremner, and Co. oil merchants, Jan. 13, at two, and Feb. 10, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Sambrook-court ; Lawrence, Plows, and Boyer, Old Jewry-chambers. John Birch, maitater, Old Swinford, Jan. 12, at half past ten, and Feb. 2, at ten. Bittleston, official assignee, Birmingham ; Plunkett, Westbromwich ; Knight, Bir mingham. Rice Harris find Rice Wm. Harris, alkali manufactur ers, Birmingham, Jan. 16 and Feb. 6, at half-past eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham ; James, Birmingham. Peter Edwin Henderson, civil engineer, Cannon-street, City, Jan. 7, at two, and Feb. 16, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee, Guildhall-cham bers; Ashley and Tee, Old Jawry, James Glover, publican, Thames Ditton, Jan 7, at twelve, and Feb. 10, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Star sfeld, official assignee ; Harrison and Lewis, New Boswell-court. _ John Rennard, ironmonger, Little Queen street, Hol born, Jan. 8, at two, and Fel). 12, et twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, official assignee ; Moseley, Tay lor, and Mosley, Bedford-street, Covent-garden. William Fotch, licensed victualler, Great Warley, Essex, Jan. 10, zt 'twelve, and Feb. .3, at cne, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Lee, cfficial assignee, Aldermanbury ; Chidley, Basinghall-street. William Smith, builder, Halesowen, Worcestershire, Jan. 16, and Feb. 6, at half-past eleven, at the Birming ham District Court. Christie, official assignee, Birming ham ' • Hodgson and Allen, Birmingham. Thomas Hardacre, draper, Settle, Yorkshire, Jan. 16, and Feb. 20, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Young, official assignee, Leeds ; Hartley, Settle; Barr and Nelson, Leeds. Matthew Smith, steel manufacturer, Sheffield, Jan. 17, and Feb. 21, at ten, at the Leeds District Court. Brewin, official assignee, Sheffield ; Fretso2, SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. Alexander Petrie, innkeeper, Blairg,owrie, Ancirew R , ,y, carrier, Partick. Alexander Manson, grocer, Golspie, Sutherlandshire. Alexarnter Drew, contractor, Whiteinch, near Glasgow. Robert Sutherland Rose, merchant, , residing in New York, a partner of the Company of John Munro and Co., Ingram-street, Glasgow. Peter Reid, cattl dealer, Greenyards, near Bannock burn. Matthew Barr, draper, Paisley. COURSE OF EXCHANGE.- THIS DAY. Amsterdam 11 Gibraltar .. .. ••• • • • Ditto, three months .. 11 17 Leghorn .. •........... 29 r.O Rotterdam .. 11 17 Genoa Antwerp 25 35 Milaa Brussels ..............25 33 Venice ..„ Ilamburgh ............ 13 714 Naples .. •• ............ 42% Altona •............. Palermo .... rari5........ •• 25 2:5 .. 129% Ditto, three months .. 25 65 Lisbon .. Marseilles 25 6714 Oporto •• 51% Bo,irdeaux ..•......... ltio Janeiro F ank fort , •on-Maine .. 119 Buenos Ay rcs .. ••• • .. Berlin ................ New dap.' Vienna .......... •• 10 44 Philad,.tlphia •• Trie5te........•• •• .... 10 45 I PILICES or imutcx, niza oz. Petersburg 3714 j Foroign Gold in Bars £3 17 9 Madrid .........., 49!‘ I Portugal Gold Coin .. 0 0 0 Cadiz ......... • • jMc alean Dollars 0 0 0 Bar3elona ............ ! New Dollars ...... 0 0 0 .......... I Siivet in bars 0 0 0 THE PRESS IN SCOTLAND.—A. Christmas gift was presented to the Scotsman, on Thurs - Jay, in the shape of duly stamped receipts for the "damages" and whale ex penses, amounting to nearly 1,2001., to which that jour nal was made liable by the prosecution at the instance of Mr. Duncan M‘Laren. [Anvsaxissmsrr.]— A few more of the extraordinary cures without Medicine of Indigo. tion (Dyspepsia), Flatulency, Constipation, Nervous, Bilious, and Liver complaints, Cough, Asthma, Consumption, and Debility effected by Du Barry's delicious health-restoring Revalenta Arabica For d, are here given : Cure 52,422. Bridgehouse, Frimley, 3d April, 1 854.—Thirty-three years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, deafness, singing in the ears, constipation, debility, shot tness of breath, and cough, have been removed by your Revaleuta Arabica. My lungs, liver stomach, head, and ears are all right, my hearing perfect, and my recovery is a marvel to all my acquaintances.—JAmEs ROBERTS, Wood Merchant. From the Venerable Arch deacon of Ross.—No, 32,836. Three years' excessive nervousness, with pains in my neck and left arm, and general debility, which rendered my life very miserable, has been radically removed by Du Barry's health-restoring Food.—ALEXANDER STUART, Archdeacon of Ross, Skibereen. Supported by testimonials from the celebrated Professors of Chemistry Dr. Andrew Ilre ; Dr. Shorland ; Dr. Harvey ; Dr. Campbell ; Dr. Gr'attilte r ; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Ingram ; Lord Stuart de Deeies ; the Dowager Countess of Castle stuart ; Major-Gem Thomas King, and many other respectable persons, whose health has been r ,. l.. reatored by it, after all oidier means of cure had faile d - " 3 ""ahli packed for all climates, with full instructions. In canisters, lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d.; 51bs., Ils. ; 121b5., 2:25. ; supe r-refin ed, 11b., 6s. ; 21bs., lls. ; Bibs., 225. ; 101bs., 335. The 101bs• and 121bs. carriame free, on receipt of post-office order. BaITY (In B arry arid Co., 77, Regent-street, London ; Fortnum, Mas o n, and Co., Purveyors (1-----...echurch-street ; to her Majesty, Piccadilly ; also at 60, c 33J and 451, Strand; 4, Cheaoside : 68. Cornha l _ ; 49, Bishops gate-street; 55, Charing-cross ; 54, Upper t aker -street; 63 and 150. Oxford-street. [ADVERTISEMENT.] SIGHT AND HEARING --- ~P ECTACLBS POWERFUL TELF,SCII/PR3, OPERA, RAC 2 ' , , AI ! D . I'z itBFRCTIVB GLASEBS.—Messrs. S. and B. Solomone, optic i ans, 39, Albe marle-street, Piccadilly. Obser ve—oppo site the York Hotel. By leer Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for valuable an d extraordinary improvements in the most powerful an d brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Racecourse, Opera, and Per. spective Glasses, to know the distances. These teleseop ea possess such extraordinary powers that some three and a:halj inches, with an extra eye-piece, show distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's ring, and the double stars. With the same telescope can be seen a person's countenance three miles and a half distant, and an object from 16 to 20 miles. They a: 1 ) . 0 f larger and all sizes, with increasing powers accordingly.—Tne Royal Exhibition, 1851. Valuable, newly-invented , very small, powerful waistcoat-pocket glass, the size of a walnut, by whico a person can be seen and known 1 a miles distant ; they answer every purpose on the race-course, and at the, opera houses, country scenery, and ships are clearly seen at 8 to 10 miles. They are invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera, rsce-course, camp, and perspective glasses, with wonderful power. Newly-constrazted Spectacle Lenses of the great- Set transparent power. The valuable advantage derived s rem this invention is, that vision becoming impaired is preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to employ their sight at the most mina's °con pat,nn—ean see with these lenses of a much less magnify. jug Power—and they do not require the freque n t c h anges to the aangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Persons can be suited at th e mos t remo t e p ar t o f th e wor ld , by sending one of the glasses out o f th e i r s p ec t ac l es i n a l e tt er , and stating the distance from the eyes they can read small newsPaPer Print with it; and those who have not made use of B Peetacles by stating their age. Deaf ness. New Discovery. The Organic Vibrator, an ex traordinary power'' s mall, newly-invented instrument for deafness, entirely different from all others, to sr.rnass any thing of the kiad that has been, or probably ever can be, produced. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not per ceptible ; it enables deaf Perseus to hear distinctly at church and at public assemblies ; the nePleasant sensation of singing noises in the ears is entirely removed ; an d it a ff or d s a ll th e assistance that possibly could he detired.-39, Albemarle root, Piccadilly. Observe--oPPeslte the York Hotel. ?VOTES OF A TOM:. FROM NTOSCO VP TO THE CHIMEA AND ODESSA. The following, from the Times Special correspon dent, is in continuation of what appeared in The Sim of Dec. 2v_ OCT. 5. Tice only thing which occurred to annoy us last night, in addition to the behaviour of the tarantasso, was the constant interruptions occasioned by the trains of coun try carts on the road, with sleepy or careless drivers and erratic propensities. Here we are really on a highway, a❑d there ought to be a right and a left hand side, but the disanction is only to be established by the imminent dan ger of collision, or by the application of the whip to the population generally. The wild yells, the strange objur g and the savage dialogue which arose as our yam schik trundled down on a string of those carts, were quite enough to banish sleep for the time. By the dim light of our lamps as the tarantasse jolted past them we could just catch a glimpse of the half-awakened carrier through the driving rain, and see him tugging manfully at his horses, to drag them out of our line of fire. The lot of the poor creatures who conduct the internal carrying trade of Rus sia is scarcely to be borne by even the most resigned of serfs, and it may be considered that they are the most miserable class of all the miserables whose fate it is to live under the wing of the double headed eagle. It is, nevertheless, true that many serfs envy the carriers, for their life is free. That is, it frequently happens that the man who is a sort of fluctuat ing, uncertain property, always on the move, and shifting his position from place to place, is practically out of the reach of the superintendent, and is sometimes liberated from serfdom altogether in consideration of a certain sum paid down to his master. Through the summer heats and in the winter's colds the carrier drives on night and day, and accomplishes by the endurance of every privation and by the most stolid, ox-like persistence the most enormous distances. The frozen lake, the great inland sea, the turbid mountain torrent, the pathless steppe, the dull, dead, straight high-road—he plods over or along them all with equal indifference, prepared for so many copecks per pood, to carry a load as far round the world as Russia extends. Clad in a high-smelling sheepskin coat, with the skin turned outwards and " the wooly side in," a sheepskin cap, a snrcoat of cotton, a red shirt, loose linen trousers, drawn over a wonderful series of cloth cuisses, and great jack-boots, made of most unmistakeable Russian leather, with his own little particular saint fastened round his neck, a loaf of black bread somewhere in his cart, a copeck or two for the purchase of corn whisky in his pocket, and a store of onions and cabbages for his hum ble meal, the carrier will start from Moscow to Tartary, Odessa, or Teflis, with equal indifference. The cart is a light framework of wood, with sides of birch bark, and a tilt roof of coarse canvas or oilcloth stretched over hoops. The wheels are not always provided with iron tires—in deed never in the south of Russia, and the rim is com posed of pieces which form e ery imperfect circles, and seem very slightly connected with each other. The axles project far beyond the naves, and curious gye ropes and stays of rope springing out of these parts are connected with the shafts, and aid in holding the fabric together. The harness is of leather and rope, the horses are hardy and hairy, and will make an honest , and ample livelihood by pickings of bits of wood-shavings, thistles, and weeds, along the borders of the highway or on the stony steppe. The load of a cart rarely exceeds 4c wt., and the cost of the carriage is so much increased by the greatness of the distances to be traversed that, notwithstanding the absolute cheapness of transport considered per se, as so much per pood per verst, the prices are very much affected as the traveller ap proaches or recedes from the sea. Thus the transport of a bottle of wine from Odessa to Kharitoff adds a shilling to its price, and the rate increases in proportion with the weight rather than with the bulk of the article to be car ried. These men suffered most dreadfully during the war. They were pressed for service wherever they could be found, and forced at the point of the lance to carry loads which often proved destructive to the carts and fatal to the horses, if, indeed, the proprietors survived to witness the loss. In snowdrifts and in lakes of mud these wretched men sank to rise no more, or staggered on, fever-stricken, over the parched steppe till they law down to die in the blazing sunshine. The number of men and animals used up in this way exceeds belief, and although, after my personal experience of the route which they foi -1 lowed, I can believe what was stated to me, I dare not tax the credulity of your readers by repeating the figures to them. I have a kind of sleepy consciousness that we changed horses several times during the night, and that an immense deal of time was generally lost in getting out the quadru peds, waking up the yamschiks, and fighting the postmas ters, and a good deal of grumbling took place whenever the purse-bearer was roused up to pay for greasing the wheels, or to give the drivers their na vodka or na tchai (literally " for brandy" or "for tea")—drink money. With the morn ing light came no very pleasant prospect ; rain still fell at intervals, the country smoked with a kind of misty dew, and the poor villages of wooden houses by the roadside looked ultra uncomfortable in their environs of thick black mud. The country, however, seemed fertile, and was not destitute of marks of cultivation. The surface lay on either side of us in a series of easy undulations, studded with clumps of trees or patches of forest, and marked out into fields by hedges which were preparing themselves by looking as dry, as spiky, and as rough as possible, to do battle with the coming winter. As the day drew on the mujiks issued forth from their huts, and rubbed their eyes as the tarantasac drove past, or with the calm dignity of command superintended the operations of their wives and daughters, who were busied in driving forth the pigs and cattle, drawing water from the wells, or beating up maize and rye in small mortars for the morning meal. Every one has described the mujik, whom we call " serf," but whom the polite and euphemistic Russian —in order not to hurt one's feelings, possibly—always speaks of a " paysan," and who is, according to his master's account of him, possessed of many most admirable qualities —to wit, faith and charity (but, alas ! no hope), patience, courage, submissiveness, loyalty, and patriotism. Eat they dare not for their lives say that he is honest, intelligent, sober, industrious, truth ful, or moral. The Russian soldiers and " peasants" have a saying, which is to this effect, " That he who sees drink, food, money, or clothes unguarded, and does not take them, is a fool who ought never to get the chance again ;" and I believe they act very much on that prin ciple. Their faith, indeed, is great, but it would be diffi cult to draw the line which separates it from gross super stition and ignorant fanaticism ; their charity is undoubted, and each may well say, " Miser ego miseris succurere disco." As to patience, it is sometimes a forced virtue, imposed on us by the inutility and danger of impatience, and in the Russian it is closely allied to an Oriental fatal inn. His courage is undoubted ; it is connected with his patience, religions faith, and habits of submission, and is quite destitute of brilliancy or dash, In doggedness and indifference to suffering, in the mute endurance of pain, and in fearlessness of death the Russian is coura geous, but in the higher qualities of bravery he is deficient. On his submissiveness rests the whole structure of Russian Government and Russian society, but I much doubt whether he is loyal, as among no peopl:, have there been more plots against the Throne, more re volts, more resistance to the Sovereign till the cannon came in to decide the controversy, ou the revival of which he has since kept his eye steadily fixed and very wide open. Granting that he is possessed of patriotism, we shall find, nevertheless, that it is rarely ever,strong enough to resist the voice of avarice, and that his dishonesty is stronger than his love of country. Thus, one universal system of plunder and robbery of the national property took place during the late war. None too great—none too small to share in it, and the commission which is now spread over the empire inquiring into the thefts and peculations of public servants, civil and military, is said to be appalled by the disclosures which have been made, and to hesitate in continuing its labours. In spite of all that reason urges against the Russian and his morals, one cannot help pity ing the poor follow and magnifying the virtues which he undoubtedly possesses. How much or how many of his vices may arise from his profound ignorance, his hopeless mental darkness, the degradation of his position, and the form of governnwat under which he lives, it is im possible for me to say, but their masters claim for them the possession of a spaniel's " good qualities," and too often give them a spaniel's treatment. Where is the peasant in all broad Russia who dare resent a kick, a knock-nown blow, a bleeding mouth, or a black eye, received at the hands of the meatiest official with a Government button •n his cap ? A complaint to a local magistrate for such an offence would, I am assured, be regarded as a proof of some dangerous conspiracy, and a demonstration of stupendous audacity which would expose the mujik to suspicion or punishment. However, we shall see and talk more of him as we get on. It is now a quarter to 8 o'clock in the morning, and we are entering the town of Serpu choff, a town of about 7,000 inhabitants, 93 versts, or 62 miles south of Moscow. The natives are obviously influenced by their proximity to the ancient capital, and have run up an infinity of little churches, with the usual cupolas and spires, all over the town, so that from a distancesual edifices of the kind, the clean white steeples and green and g ilt cupolas of which presented a marked contrast to the filth profound of the streets. We lumbered along in a foot deep of mud, through straggling wooden houses, now and then interspersed with larger mansions of stone, and, pass ing a small beloe gorod, or white city, a sort of little Kremlin, surrounded with white walls, with battlemented inn in a square of some 300 y ar d s tborposa,d7wllehdicu at the h p w as like a lake of liquid mud, with dunghills rising island - like ab ove th e sur f ace. Th roug h this delectable slough there tumbled about, like porpoises in a tideway, shoals of the wildest looking pigs, the very aspect of which was enough to drive into a state of men tal aberration the strongest-mindedmember of the Smithfield Club. Very tall, long in th e l eg, an d thi n in the flank as g r eyhounds, with huge heads arme d w ith great tusks and garnished with ponderous ear s , th ese ani mals seemed utte r ly unsu ited for the P u ipose of the ham or bacon producer, an d t o be valuable only for th e i r b r i e . ties, of which a mane ran down their sharp b acks, and a plentiful, flock depended from their scraggy sides. There was nothing very pleasant to regale any of the 3 011805 on at Serpueboff. The inn itself was a mean looking building, two storeys high, with narrow dirty windows. The town, as far as it was visiblo, in spite of its minarets, cupolas, and spires, seemed the very castle and• capital of indolence. Silent groups of serfs propped up the walls of t he houses a l'lrlandaise, waiting till the chapels were open, or till they were tired of resting themselves, all clad alike in sheepskin coats and long boots, the women being only dis tinguishable from the men by their caps, the absence of beards, and greater bulk—l had almost said stature. The townspeople spattered along the narrow and irregular pave in those wonderful long-skirted frock coats, the notion of which they seem to have borrowed from the Jewish gaberdine, and in those flat and ugly caps with huge peaks, their fondness for which is characteristic of the Russian race. Standing by the kerb-stones, over the ancles in mud, were several of the most miserable " objects" of charity one could find in all the ragged realm of mendicancy, who kept up a low monotonous whining for alms, thoroughly professional, and so irritating as to drive the hardest hearted of men to throw his last copeck away to escape its infliction. Beggars of beggars they were indeed ; old men and women, in rags of undistinguishable fabric, their heads covered with the folds of the coarse sackcloth which des cended over their shoulders as a substitute for a coat, and their feet, as we could see whenever they moved, thrust into rude sandals made of birch bark plaited together. Two pri soners in chains were, with their escort, crossing the mud of the square, almost as miserable in aspect—God knows how far they differed—as the unclean animals whom they displaced on their weary way. Their guards differed in no respect that we could see from the common soldiers of the line. As they passed the door one of the poor beg gars who was standing by the way fumbled amid her old rags, and, drawing forth some small copper coin, gave it to the younger of the men, who seemed to take it without either surprise or gratitude. Indeed one of the peculiar sights of Russia is the number of prisoners who may be seen marching through the streets of the large towns early in the morning. It is so common in Moscow that at first one might suppose the population was in a very depraved and criminal condition, but on inquiry he will find that the city is the centre of concentration for the offenders of all European Russia, and that they are collected hence from all parts and sent into Siberia. It is almost a novel, and, under any circumstances, it is no pleasing spectacle in any capital to look at parties of men laden with heavy chains, and guarded by soldiers with fixed bayonets parading through the thoroughfares, but when you recollect that these whom you see here are indeed exiles of Siberia; that they are doomed to travel on foot for many, many months over desert steppes, over mountain and river, through flood and storm, through wastes of snow and parched plains; that they will be exposed to every vicissi tude of climate ; that after they have performed this ter rible journey they have passed such a tremendous ordeal, they begin that punishment which never ceases till the Great Comforter comes to their release, a flood of pity overwhelms all the suggestions that reason could offer to dam the charity of the heart, and these miserable crimi nals for the moment are almost ennobled in your imagina tion by the sufferings they will have to undergo, and are considered for the moment as martyrs rather than the ob jects of just and condign punishment. These prisoners are of all classes of the lower people—soldiers, militia men, and sheepskin-clad peasants form the bulk of those sad caravans I saw these last two mornings. One I was peculiarly struck with—a very old man, vita a white beard, chained to a younger man, dragged his limbs along with pain and difficulty, his ragged clothes were covered with dust, and his broken boots bore the marks of travel. His cap was slouched over his face as if to conceal his features, and he turned as far as possible his head from his companion. The younger man, sullen and downcast, strode along with all the vigour of youth, and at times dragged the old man by the wrist as he quickened his steps to keep up with the quick march of the guard. Behind the soldiers there came a woman holding by the hand a boy of nine or ten years of age ; the eyes of both were swollen and red with tears. On which of the prisoners their affections were fixed it was impossible to say—whether it was the wife's or the mother's heart that was wrung by such bitter sorrow I knew not, but that fidelity and affection and love animated that poor woman, foot-sore and haggard, and that boy, whose shoeless feet ware trailed heavily after him in their pilgrimage, was cer tain, and the crime, and law, and justice were forgotten in the spectacle of so much suffering. Entering the hotel with an undecipherable name, we clambered up a greasy stone staircase which led to the long corridor of many doors usual in such establishments, all white as limewash could make it, but pervaded by that dreadful and sickening odour so common in Russian inte riors and with which we became only too familiar as our journey was extended, without, however, becoming accus tomed or reconciled to it. The cause of this smell, which strikes one's nostril as if palpably, and which gives the idea of some horrible atmosphere of cloggy, flabby, fat soup, is beyond my knowledge or powers of investigation. It is a national curse. Without exaggeration it may be said to be a national evil, and how the population survive it is more than a man with an ordinary sense of smell can imagine. We found it at the Katcha, at the Belbek, in some of the houses of Balaklava, in the casemates of the Redan and Malakhoff, at Kertch, at Yenikale, at Kinbourn, but I never encountered it in a Greek hut or a Tartar cabin. Our guide was the tchelevek, our waiter of the house—a white haired, white-eyed, white but not clean faced, round-headed Russian in I jackboots, loose Oriental trousers overflowing the tops thereof in festoons of threadbare grey cloth, and a tight tunic which had once been white also, and which resembled a collarless cotton shirt fastened round the waist by a pccket handkerchief. To be on good terms with your tcholevek in Russia is as important to your comfort as it is for you to be a favourite of the steward or butler in your club in London. " Tchelevek," or waiter, indeed, you may call him when desiring his services, but when he comes you must, if you expect much attention, address him affectionately as " brat" (brother), or " little brother," otherwise he will keep the literal meaning of his " si' ciasse" to the very letter. These two words, which you will hear everywhere in Russia, mean "This hoar,'' like the French tout a l'heure, and colloquially signify " immediately," but, practically, in the mouths of post masters, butlers, and waiters, they may be under stood to be what they are, unless you employ copecks and roubles to give them a different mean ing. Our " little brother" showed us into a small room with one card-table therein, a picture of the mp e ror, another of a battle representing one Cossack capering over the bodies of many Turks, said " si' chasse," shut the door, and left us alone to our meditations for more than half an hour before he returned with the tea urn, and so we looked out of the dirty windows. A small body of cavalry happened to be passing whilst we were waiting, and it was curious to contrast the appearance of these men with that of the brilliant cavaliers we had seen at Moscow. Their thin, bony steeds, with draggled tails and rusty bits, seemed scarcely able to bear their riders, who were laden with bags of brown bread, and sat heavily on their coarse saddles. They were dressed in the grey military greatcoat and wore high and ugly shakoes, covered with oilskin. Their trousers were tucked into their muddy boots, and the metal portions of their arms and dress were foul and discoloured. Like all the Russian cavalry, however, they had their long carabines, which were slung behind their backs carefully covered with leather cases; their scabbards are of leather, so as to keep the edge of the blade keen and fit for use. Their appearance caused just as much attention in the town as that of a party of cavalry would have done in a country town in the united kingdom. After a long delay the tea urn made its appearance, and in came with it a dish full of boiled eggs and some fresh white bread ; the tea was excellent, and so we had a capital breakfast off a very dirty table-cloth, with very jagged knives and quaint forks, served up on a service of coarse Russian blue and white delf, of which the pattern was the most hideously grotesque kind of design in that way that could be fancied. It was nearly 9 o'clock ere we got off again. In fine weather Serpuchoff may look neat and even pretty. Now, with the streets full of mud and a drizzling rain falling, it was dismal and dirty to behold. It is said to have a good trade with MOS3OW and some manu factures, and the waiter told us that there had been many English employed there before the war, and that a few of them were still in the place. However, we did not meet or see any of our countrypeople. At the distance of three miles outside the town, which is built in the wide straight streets, cutting each other at right angles, so much affected by the Russians, flows the river Oka—a fine stream, which is about as broad as the Thames at Rich mond, with high and steep banks. The rivulet on which Serpuchoff is situated flows into the Oka. There is no bridge, but a swinging line of boats or pontoons does duty for one, and the tarantasso crossed over by means of it without any difficulty. The river was full of very long and very narrow boats, all filled with coarse hay. The rain be gan to fall heavily towards noon, and almost hid the coun try from view. The road was crowded for the whole of this journey with disbanded soldiers, dismissed from their ser vice in compliance with the recent ukase ordering the re duction of the late levies which were made in anticipation of a continuance of the struggle. Poor fellows ! theirs seemed to be a hard fate indeed—to travel thousands of versts, footsore and miserable, through the chill autumn and the approaching winter to their cheerless vil lages, and there to resume the occupations and toils of the muj;k, after their gallant and devoted services. They were clad in grey old greatcoats, and had been permitted to wear their military caps, trousers, and boots. Many of them were quite footsore, and crept along the muddy roads hea vily, leaning on their staves and walking-sticks. Thy generally kept in little parties of a dozen or twenty, for the sake of society and mutual aid most probably, and of such parties we passed, probably, ten or twelve every hour. After a most tedious, uninteresting, and weary day ofjolt ing, rain, and mud, we arrived at the Russian Birming ham, the town of Tnla, at 11.30 p.m. SPURIOUS CROWN PIECES.—There are at present in circulation a considerable number of counterfeit crown picces, in imitation of those of George IV., dated 1822. They are very cleverly executed, and will escape deter• tion unless minutely examined, being electrotyped ; but they are much lighter than the genuine coln,—Dublin, Paper. PROGRESS OF THE SLAVE INSURRECTION IN THE UNITE]) STATP.S. A Nashville correspondent of the Briclijeport (Con necticut) Advertiser says that the intended agave insur rection near that city " was discovered by an accident. The negroes had appointed Christmas as the day on which to do their bloody work ; under one of the ehurc'ees were found several kegs of powder intended to blow up the congregation while in church, and then massacre the rest. Powder and knives were taken on being lauded, concealed in coffins ; but the thing is about ever here. Similar doings have been found out in Ken tucky and Mississippi. There seems to be a general understanding clear through that, in case Fremont was not elected, they would rise and make themselves mas ters at all hazards, Several of the negroes have been shot, several hung, and numbers of the poor creatures are now in irons awaiting their trial. The sheriffs and officers are out on the track of a few of those pious preachers' who of late have been circulating among them; woe betide them if ever caught !" The Clarksville (Tennessee) Jeffersonian, of Dec. 3, explains the manner in which the plot was discovered. It appears that a slave belonging to Mr. Solomon Rein sey wee sent to work, in coatings, in the vicinity of the Louisa Ironworks, before light iu the morning. He started off in good humour, but soon turned and ap proached the house of Mr. Pluckett, one of his master's neighbours , . It was still too dark to distinguish persons and Mr. Piuckett, who was alone in the house with his daughter, warned him not to enter the gate, but he per sisted in doing so, and, notwithstanding a second and third command to halt, advanced until he reached the porch in front of the door, cursing as he advanced, and defying Mr. Pluckett to fire. When he put his foot upon the porch Mr. Pluckett discharged his gun, which was heavily loaded with buckshot, into his breast. The negro fell and died almost immediately. It seems that, on hearing of this occurrence, the slaves of that vicinity supposed their conspiracy had been dis. covered, and that an indiscriminate slaughter of the blacks had commenced. A number of them fled, but were soon recaptured. A publication setting forth these facts, and signed by a number of the citizens, has been issued, in which Mr. Pluckett is warmly thanked for "the good which that deed has accomplished," and con eluding with these words :—"Let everybody know, then, that J. N. Pluckett, Esq., has done nothing wrong in this matter; but that the act was just and highly honourable, and is by us unanimously considered a blessing." The Jeffersonian comments as follows : "It has been developed that a hellish and deep-laid p'• embracing the massacre of the entire white popu lation of this section of country as one of its objects, has been conceived, and would, in all human probability, have been carried into execution. " The crimes contemplated should be atoned for pre cisely as though those crimes had been attempted and consummated. Fearful and terrible examples should be made, and, if need be, the fagot and the flame should be brought into requisition, to show these deluded maniacs the fierceness and the vigour, the swiftness and com pleteness, of the white man's vengeance. Let a terrible example be made in every neighbourhood where the crime can be established, and, if necessary, let every tree in the country bend with negro meat. Temporising in such cases as this is utter madness. We must strike terror, and make a lasting impression, for only in such a course can we find the guarantees of future security." The same paper adds : "Our city yesterday was rife with rumours in relation to the insurrection at different points along the river. We understand that six negroes who had been found guilty at the ironworks, and who threatened a second outbreak, were killed a few days since, and that two white men, known accessories in the matter, had been ar rested and nearly whipped to death. It is also reported that four negroes will be hung in Dover to-day, and a number of others have been arrested as implicated in the affair." (From the Evansville Journal, Dec. 6.) Through what is called the iron district, on the Cum berland and Tennessee rivers, there are lions 8,000 to 10,000 slaves employed at the ironworks ; they are there congregated in large numbers, working in the various labours of making charcoal, digging ore and tending furnaces, in gangs, mostly by themselves, with a few whites for general overseers. There are many of these works situated within a few miles of each other, and in sections that have few white inhabitants. * * A gentleman who arrived here last evening in forms us that at Dover, on the Cumberland, they bad obtained such evidence as left no doubt of a widespread conspiraoy existing in that neighbourhood, that a num ber of the ringleaders had been discovered and arrested, that 11 of them had been hung by the excited inhabitants, and that among those arrested was a person who had been in the neighbourhood many months, who had always passed as a negro, but on his arrest was found to be a white man, painted and disguised as a negro. Our informant says, the people being satisfied that he had been the prime mover and instigator of the rebellious designs of the blacks, took him to the woods, and by una nimous condemnation of those present he was sentenced to receive 900 lashes, and that be expired before the penalty had been fully inflicted ! These occurrences had produced general consternation and terror, and women and children were fleeing and being sent off for safety. The men were arming and organising for defence, and th• negroes were being confined, or kept under very strict watch. The same paper of the sth says that the conspiracy is supposed to extend through a great extent of country. It adds that "the number of fugitives is also unusually large, and the escapes across the Ohio reported by the papers are more numerous than we ever noticed before. The very general diFoassion of the question of slavery in slave states in the late canvass has imparted some vague ideas to the blacks of a change to be effected by a poli tical revolution, which has rendered them restless and insubordinate." The Louisville Courier of the 31 inst. contains a letter from Hopkinsville, Kentucky, which says :-- "This morning several messengers arrived from La fayette, a small town 18 miles south of Hopkinsville, calling on the citizens of this place to come to the;r as sistauce. They were momentarily expecting an attack from about 600 negroes. About 150 persons left imme diately for the seat of war.' They were in command cf Captain James Jackson and Sheriff Gowan. Hopkins ville is E tro ngly guarded. It is rumoured we shall be attacked to night." The following communication was received at Hop kinsville, and threw the community into intense excite ment : " Vigilance Committee-rooms, Lafayette, Kentucky, Dec. 2. "Gentlemen of Hopkinsville,—Frcon reliable infor mation, we expect an attack from the negroes of the ironworks in cur town tomorrow morning—pr:rhaps to night. Please come to our assistance. We are in great danger. —Yours, "JOHN H. RUSSELL, Sec. J. P. FLINT. C. R. HALL. H. S. SYPORT. " J. W. FRAZER. J. J. ROGERS. J. B. SMITH." (From the Courrier des Etats pis, Dec. II) , • One of our editors, at this moment in the country de signated as the centre of a black conspiracy, sends us on this sutject some positive information, which has all the authority of direct and ocular evidence. We cannot do better than place the lettere literally before the eyes of our readers : Dover (Tennessee), Dec. 2. theite c hief Bluff, town wh in i Stewart bronght county,uSr- t o whenceasstha Nashville, e lf ThtehhdeisaWtletter. The whole village is in touched ' e t) anxiety ; the white population is armed, and I see chi o l dren who can scarcely carry a gun and cartouche bo x - aiding to swell the number. The cause of all this isl negro conspiracy, and you will know of it long before you receive my letter. " Inasmuch as there will be exaggeration on one side or the other, according td the source whence the news is received, I send you as exact an account as possible That which I have n ot seen m y self I g ive ou the evi dence of eye witnesses. "Before the only hotel in Dover are assembled ex cited groups of people, and from among them horsemen, with revolver in ha nd, and rifle s lung across the back, start off f requen tly in all directions. Here also meet, from distant places, numerous horsemen, whose covered with foam, bear witness to the rapidity with which they have travelled. In the hotel, and in two or three neighbouring houses, the greater portion of the wo men and children may be found. Here and there the black servants obey w ith submission and promptitude the various orders given to them. " A. house, guarded by men with bayonet fastened on the gun, encloses nine black pi isoners, who are threat ened with execution in a few hours. Nothing will be done with at least five of them, but as to the . four others --the chiefs of the conspi rac y —they will in all proba bility become acquainted with the . cord. " We receive on boar d the judge of Dover and his family, whom he conducts for the moment to another re. sidence. " At 4 o'clock we arrived some miles higher up on the left bank of the Cumberland, at a place called the Cora berland Ironworks. The machine -shop, a doenhouses besides, and a few negro h uts are all the habitations in the place. "In a large building near the river some 60 . blacks are imprisoned for being connecte d with the conspiracy. The remainder, on the other hand, are doing submissively their ordinary work. The same thing may be said of all the neighbouring localities. "Thus for the general aspect. And now as to the causes that have given rise to all this excitement. Its origin is traced to the Presidential campaign. " Much weakened by distance , the echo of the noise made in the N or th about the name of Frem ont has ex tended to the banks of the Cumberla nd . It came in the tack of the st eame rs which traversed the second tribu tar y of the Ohio, and then found itself in the centre of Ten nessee. To penetrate the most distant villages it had only to pass along the gorges which separate these little iso lated mountains. Whether emissaries (as they affirm here) came or not from the North, it is nevertheless true that there have been certain indications of an approaching re volt. According to some, it was to be general, and would extend to all the Slave States. According to others, it would simply be confined to Kentucky and Tennessee. This latter version appears to me true, and it is already more than necessary to exercise an active surveillance. " Nevertheless, nothing of a positive nature had been discovered till about 10 days since, when a negro escaped from the Cumberland Ironworks. He was promptly cap tured, and it was learnt from him that he fled from the persecution of his brethren in servitude, who had threat ened to kill him if he refused to take part in the conspiracy. The numerous questions to which he was subjected caused the subsequent arrest of nearly 80 negroes, almost all of whom avowed their complicity in a plot, and even gave the most precise details as to the execution of their pro- Jed, Nothing less was contemplased than a general massacre. The rwgroes of each habitation intended, between the 23d valet 26th of December, to slaughter the whites who Llurrounded them, and, this accom plished, to march to the chief pace of the country, where the blacks would generally assemble, and com mence to act. "In many places the white is much inferior in numbers to the black population, but they have added to their strength by putting on a bold front, and by punishing the four princip3l conspirators, whom I saw prisoners at Dover. This is all that has passed up to the present time. " C:arkeviVe, Montgomery County, Tennessee, Wednesday, Dec. 3. _ _ _ " Wa arrived 1 sere at daybreak, damaged, and were I obliged to remain over for the greater part of the day. I took advantage of the opportunity to go ashore, and pass some hours i n gaining such information as I could obtain. The deta ifs that I have collected alter nothing of what I wrote y esterday evening. "The town isf• more tranquil than an 3 of the other places that we livve visited about here ; this is because the white population, more numerous, has less to fear from the plots of ai itators, white or black. Neverthe less, during the la,sf,; few days they have not been with• out anxiety- They cite, among other things, the working of a mine, which (s i!cu pies about 800 neeroes, belonging to a single individf al, and which has been on the point of being suspended. The energetic action of the pro prietor, and the ai z .est of six whites who stirred up the revolt, have sufficf ito suppress the commencement of an insurrection. IC he works go on, but they are inces santly watched. 57 he six whites have been condemned to the Penitentiary... Thirty blacks have been arrested, and await judgmel 3 t. " The credulity ( , f these poor people is each that, in the belief of the v) , :laites who excite them, they imagine that Col. Fremont with a large army is waiting at the mouth of the river Cumberland, until the night of the 23d or 24th of De cember has arrived. Then all this army will help to deliver the slaves. They have been struck by the sudd e. n swelling of the river, and attribute this circumstance tc , the great assemblage of men and ships at the mouth Certain slaves are so strongly im bued with this fab'so that I have seen them smile while they are being wi ripped, and have heard them say that 'Fremont and his men can bear the blows they re ceive.' "The mines alon; the shores of the Cumberland for a distance of about 30i miles have suspended work. Ma• chine shops, occup3i ng from 150 to 200 negroes, have now only five or six whites to direct operations. This is the case in regard. to the Cumberland Ironworks, of which I spoke yestel rday. In these localities, also, the panic is great. TA ree white Free Soilers have been arrested at Dover id the act of exciting a revolt. They were beaten, and we re allowed 15 hours to leave the county and 30 to go out of the State. A black preacher was arrested while de livering an abolitionist sermon. He forms one of the nine who were yesterday in Dover. Of these nine five are nof yet tried. The four others have been tried by a regal ar tribunal, and were condemned to be hung on Triursd ay (to-morrow) ; but as on the an nouncement of this s entence a band of blacks was orga nised for a rescuo the four criminals were to be hung last evening. The excil ement which will naturally follow among the slaves ii . much dreaded. The women and children too young t o serve for defence are emigrating towards more popule •us districts. "Of the body of 200 blacks who marched to Dover about 60 have been arrested. They are those whom I saw whipped yesterd 'ay at the Cumberland Ironworks. 30 others returned ti ) their workshops and farms, and the rest ran to the woodf ; but no attempt at pillage or mur der has yet been mad e. In saving themselves, the blacks not only carried al say arms and munitions, but also everything they could, and in many places, particularly at Dover, the whita I are short of powder. They would have paid its weight in gold for powder, but we could not procure it for th em. " All the blacks made prisoners are' first examined separately by a jti ry, who decide whether there is ground or not to lay an accusation before a justice. This increased precaution has already had a good moral effect among them. "As I told you yesterday, the plan was to butcher the whites upon iso laced farms and in the workshops, and then to march to each chief town of the county. They would thus hd .ve established a free road along the Cumberland from I 'Ashville to Ohio. By this route all who took part in th e revolt could have fought a retreat to Indiana and Did ois. No one could have disturbed them, for they wont d have traversed the least populated parts of the countr3 Thus, though the plot bas been exposed, and we ha' se not to dread any actual explosion, there still remains e n uneasiness about the future, and we reflect with term .r upon the facility of executing this plan if it had not be en discovered." Naval anci Military Intelligence. Lieut.• Col. H. A nderson, in command of the troops at the invalid estaK lishment, Chatham, has received an order for the whole of those troops belonging to various cavalry and infan try regiments, to the number of 252 men who hal e been medically inspected by the Board of Commissioners from Chelsea Hospital to be discharged from C hathain on Thursday morning. In addition to this n: umber, 29 non-commissioned officers and men belonging to the sth Fusiliers and the 71st Highlanders were esterday inspected at Fort Pitt Hos pital and pronounce id unfit for further service. A handsomely a haled silver cup, with an address expressive of esteem t and affection, has been presented to Brevet-Major W. l '. Collinovood, 21st Fusiliers, by the officers of the 14th battalion Land Transport Corps. The officers in this address express their regret at the removal of Capt. Coliingwo , Dd from the corps, which regret, they say, is only lessene I by the recollection that it tom's to his benefit. Capt. 0( illingwood in acknowledging the testi monial, after thank ing the officers, says he receives it as a gratifying prOof t hat the maintenance of strict order is not incompatible » ith the object of securing at the same time the respect an I affection of those subject to its rules. The Stromboli, 6, paddlewheel sloop, Commander Burgess, arrived ;at Portsmouth yesterday from the Mediterranean wile e a few invalids, who were landed by the tug Pigmy. The Clinker, 2, i-steam gunboat, Lieutenant Hudson, arrived at Portsmosuth yesterday morning from the Me diterranean. Her Majesty's vcrew block-ship Pembroke, 60, Capt. Fraser, fitting out at Portsmouth for Coastguard ser vice, had her compasses adjusted yesterday. Her Majesty's F Lip Shannon, 51, C,lpt. W. Peel, C.B , left Spithead yestie .day at noon for Lisbon, touching at Plymouth. Her Majesty's screw steamship Victor Emmanuel, 91, got up her steam 'j es;:erday at Portsmouth to try her engine:4 again. The Prussian fri; ;ate Thetis, 40, Capt. Sundenal, went into Portsmouth harbour yesterday Afternoon to have a refit. The acoustic sysitem of communicating from deck to deck, or from or aloft on board ship, having answered so well in the British navy, the Admiralty have ordered all ships to he sui3pliel with the tubes, and the patentee, Mr. Wm. Wolfe Bonney, has just returned from Crod. stadt, where he Luis been fitting his tubes to the new 84- gun steam-ship ltetuizan. All the other ships of the Russian navy at Crenstadt are also ordered to be fitted in the spring will; the like means of communicating, in any weather or circumstances, orders from and to any part of the ship. Captain R. Farmer, late in command of the Royal Marines serving on board the Nile, 90, Captain G. R. Mundy. attached to the West India fleet, has been re lieved by Captain. G. M. Mansell, and has joined his di vision at Chatbain on account of ill-health. An experimented trial having been suggested to test the depth of water required to float the Caledonia in Woolwich dock, the caisson was again withdrawn yes• terday, and, the tide flawing in with rapidity, soon after 2 p.m. the vessel was observed to be afloat. Ropes were readily adjusted, .and the warping apparatus put in mo tion, and she was conveyed in safety to the river and steered across to her moorings alongside the Salsette. In doing this the stern part of the Caledonia, drifted by the force of the current, caught the rigging of one of the dockyard craf at anchor, when it was feared no sea manship could pre :vent her Ilona grounding. However, by dint of skilful management she was towed to her berth and made safe without damage. Her Majesty's iron paddle-wheel steam-vessel Oberon, 8, Lieut.-Commaider John M. Jackson (late of the Blen heim), has arrived at Woolwich from the Mediterranean. She has been two. years in her present commission, durir g which period she, was employed, first, in the Dardanelles and the Black Sea. In June she returned to Malta, and was engag , sd in the mail-packet service between Malta and the Xonian Islands until the line was abo lished. She left Malta on the 28th of November, and experienced a boisterous passage, in which her rudder was washed away. She was consequently obliged to bear up for Port Mahon, and refit to carry her home. After shipping a temporary rudder she returned to Gib raltar, and having encountered a succession of severe gales she cracked the entablature of her engines. On the IBth inst. eke made shelter under Cape Finisterre, where she lay at anchor until the 21st, when she again put to sea, and reached Portsmouth at 2.30 p. m. on th 24th December. She left on the following day for Wool! mei], but, owing t 3 the dense fog which obstructed the navigation, she was obliged to anchor several times. She arrived at Woolwich at 3 p.m. on Sunday. Th e O b eron has brought home seven invalid seamen, and landed several passengers at Portsmouth. Appointments :—Rear-Admiral Sir Houston Stewart, K.C.8., is appointed Commander-in Chief on tho North American and West India station ; Captain Frederick Warden is appointed Naval Officer at Gibraltar ; Captain Robert Craigie is appointed Superintendent of the Royal William Victualling -yard and the Naval H os pi ta l, Plymouth ; Captain George Elliot and Cap tain Robert Smart, K,EI., are appointed paid Aides dc-Camp to the Queen ; Captain Hastings, Captain R. Yelverton, C. 8., and Captain G. St. Vincent King, C. 8., are appointed Aides-de-Camp to the Queen. The following appointments were made at the Admi ralty yesterday afternoon : Lieutenant—F. W. Bennett to the Tortoise. Naval Cadet--Joshua Cole to the Indus. DEEP SEA SOUNDIN.S.—A very interesting map, pre pared by Captain Berryman, and just finished, showing the scundings of the ocean as taken on the United States steamer Arctic, by order of the Secretary of the Navy, will be suspended in the rotunda of the Merchants Ex change to-day. It is 22 feet in length, with a breadth of about 18 inches, and gives a perfect profile of the earth's surface, on the route of the proposed ocean tele graph between Newfoundland and the coast of Ireland, with soundin k :s at every 30 wiles, indicated by figures. The depth of water is also shown by a colouring of blue —the surface by a curved line, drawn on a radius of 50 feet—New York Journal of Commerce. PO! ICE INTELLIGENCE—Dec. 29, MANSION-HOUSE. —Eiwarl Horace Montefiore, charged with having forgeci bills to the amount of 5,3001., was brought up for further examination. Mr. Ribton, counsel for the pro,ecution,, called Mr. Horatio Joseph Montefiore, of the Stock Exchange, who said he did not know that there was any other Joseph Montefiore on the Stock Exchange than himself, and he had no knowledge of the prisoner. "To the hest of my knowledge," said he, " I never saw the prisoner before. He is not to my knowledge a nephew of mine. (A laugh.) He had no authority to draw bills upon me." The further hearing of the case was adjourned till Friday next. MARYLEl3ONE.—Christopher Statinard, a cabman, was brought up from the House of Detention, and placed at the bar before Mr. Broughton for further exa minati a], charged with haying caused the death of young woman named Sarah Tidytnan, aged 24, who was cook in the service of a family in Somers-place, Paddington. The evidence gone into upon the first occasion went to sho w that on Sunday night, the 21st instant, the unfor tunate deceased and her sister, after spending the day with the wife of a sergeant el the G Division, got into the prisoner's cab near St. Pancras Church, New-road. The vehicle shortly came into collision with another cab, and the prisoner, who was drunk, was precipitated from his seat to the ground, where he lay for some time nairly stunned. The horse, not being under any co:Aro', taco dashed off at full speed, and ran against an omn bus which was corning in au opposite direction. By the force of the concussion the pole of the omnibus was forced into the cab, as were also the head and neck of one of the horses. The pole which had thus entered baa, beyond all doubt, come with terrific force against the deceased, and thereby caused her death. She ceased to breathe within four minutes after she was removed from the cab. Her sister almost miraculously escaped without personal injury. The prisoner when taken into custody said he had been in the Land Transport Corps in the Crimea, and that if he had a revolver by hies he would shoot the constables who took him, as he did a sergeant abroad, through whose report be was flogged. The additional evidence gone into yesterday was that of deceased's sister and Mr. Mushett, the surgeon at the Marylebone Infirmary. The sister, who had so narrow an escape from death, and who gave her evidence natu rally, under the circumstances, with great emotion, deposed to the reckless driving of the prisoner. She said that when the collision occurred between the cab and the omnibus, and while the head of the omnibus horse was in the cab, she contrived to jump out, and then called to her sister to follow her. She did not, and was soon afterwards brought out, and after being laid upon the pavement in a few minutes expired. Mr. Mushett, surgeon at the Marylebone Infirmary, gave evidence as to the dreadful injury sustained by I the deceased. The pole of the omnibus had no doubt been driven against her, and the chest, liver, ribs, lungs, &c., were so injured as to cause death. The prisoner, who declined to say anything at pre sent, was committed for trial for manslaughter. LAMBETH.—Mary Ann Taylor and Emma Croat; e, well-known thieves and prostitutes, were finally exa mined before Mr. EilioLt on a charge of being. con cerned with a man not in custody in robbing Charles Flenof, a German. The prosecutor said that on the morning of Sunday week he met the prisoner Crosbie in Blackman-street, Borough, and asked her if she knew any place where he could get something to eat ? Sfre said she did, and took him to the house where she lodged. At her request he went up stairs with her, but had not been many minutes in the room when it was entered by the other prisoner and a man, and Crosbie blew out the candle. The man instantly seized him by the throat and pressed his thuinbs so violently against the windpipe as nearly to choke or suffocate him, while the prisoner rifled his pockets, and took two half-crowns.from his left band trousers pocket. All three then ran away, but soon after Taylor came back and asked him what he did there ? Oa reaching the street, he (witness) was telling a constable how he had been robbed and treated when he saw the prisoners walk past, and he at once gave them into custody. In reply to a question from the magistrate, the witness raid be was quite certain the prisoners were the persons who robbed him. The prisoners, who denied the offence, were fully committed frr trial. THE CoNVICI 7 MAC.SELL. It seems that the execution of this prisoner, who was convicted at the last assizes at Maidstone of the murder of a corporal of the 49th Regiment, in wlycli he was a private, by deliberately shooting him with a rifle, has been respited from the let Jan. to the sth Feb., the Attorney- General having granted his consent that a writ of error shall issue upon the ground that the jury who tried the prisoner wa; not legally empanelled, and that his con viction was therefore not legal. This is a proceeding that has very rersey taken place in the case of a capital conviction, and as the points that are relied upon to sup port the writ of error are of a novel character, it may be as well to state the circumstances under which it is sought to set the conviction aside. It will be remem bered that the prisoner and the deceased had served with the regiment airitig the campaign in the Crimea, and it appeared that when the regimental baggage was shipped to England there was a dispute between them relative to a pair of boots, and the prisoner Mansell, under the impression that the deceased was desirous to get him into trouble, deliberately resolved to destroy hire, and he shot him dead at the camp at Shorecllffe. He had no counsel to defend him, but upon his expressing a de sire that he should have the assistance of counsel, Mr. Baron Bramwell, who presided, requested Mr. Russell to watch the case for him, and be consented to do so. The facts being conclusive, the counsel for the prisoner resolved, as the most likely course to save the life of his client, to challenge every one of the jurors who had been summoned to serve, with the exception of those belong ing to Maidstone, as it was known that a very strong feeling against capital punishments prevails in that town, and ace rrdingly the fall right of challenge was exercised by the prisoner's counsel. Fifty-nine jurymen only had been summoned, and as Mr. -Russell had challenged twenty, and it happened that one jury were absent considering their verdict, none but Maidstone jurymen remained to be called, and Mr. Ribtou, the counsel for the crown, exercised his right of directing that all these jurymen should stand by, and three more jurors were wanting to complete the panel. It therefore became neces sary to go through the list of jurors again, commencing with those who had not been challenged by the prisoner's counsel, and Mr. Ribton then proposed to choose from among them those he considered to be the least objec tionable. It was then contended on behalf of the pri soner that this course ought not to be taken, but that as the list of jurors had been gone through, the crown had nc,ri,ght to object to anymore, and that then thoseea of the jurors should be called in their order , and that who answered should go into the box, and it was argued that if the crown were permitted to take the course sug gested by Mr. Ribton, it would have effectthe ena bling it to obtain a jury that might be hk . ey rt t y oooafictthi ne accordance with its wishes, and that the lib subject would be materially e ndangered by su ch a course e xpressed his of proceeding. Mr. Baron Bramwell opi nion to be that the counsel for the w pr h o u s e ec t u h t e io d n is h n an s l s t in h n e right he , claimed to exerc se, and wa s proceeding the jury that were absent came into court, and three jurors were taken from among them to complete the jury that was to try Mansell, Mr. Russell, the counsel for the prisoner , protesting against such a course being taken. The prisoner, in the result, was found guilty, but at the conclusion of the trial Mr. Rus sell applied to the learned judge for his sanction to the necessary steps being taken to test the legality of the jury. His lordship, however, said he should not inter fere, as he was of opinion the course that had been taken was legal, and in accordance wieh precedent, but if the learned counsel thought there was anything in the point, he must take the u•tial steps to obtain a writ of error. The usual course in such cases is to lay the matter before the Attorney -genera!, and if he thinks there is any ground for it, he gives his consent to the writ being issued, and this having been done, the execution of the sentence is respited until the point shall have been argued. It the court should then be of opinion that the jury was not legally empa nelled, the whole proceedings of the trial will be annulled, and the prisoner will altogether escape punishment. TIN CROP T MINLA G VoMPAN Y. Yesterday a general meeting was held at the offices of the company, Moorgate.street—Mr. John Field in the chair. The CHAIRMAN said the meeting had been convened for the purpose of giving the proprietors information as to the progress of the undertaking ; and as under the constitution it was only necessary to call them together once in 12 months, he should suowit a resolution to au thorise the directors to take legal advice whether the company should not he re-constituted, either under the Joint-stock Companies A ct, 1856, or upon the cost-book system ; such matter to be taken into consideration at the annual meeting in April next. The SECRETARY read a statement of accounts from Jan. to Aug., by which it appeared that the ore sold amounted to about 17,0001., and the balance of assets over liabilities, after payment of a dividend of 1,5001., amounted to 6,3301. Mr. Pryor's report stated that the tribute department throughout the mines continued to yield fine quantities of tin and copper. He expected to sample at the next ticketing about 400 tons of copper ores, and should the present price of tin and copper keep up, hoped to make 8001. to 1,0001. profit two-monthly. After a lengthened discussion on several items in the accounts they were adopted. The CHAIRMAN, in proposing a resolution that the di rectors be authorised to take steps for altering the consti tution of the company, observed that they should be glad to receive any suggestions from the shareholders upon the subject. Mr. BERRY seconded the resolution, and was much Pleased with the prospect of coming under the cost-book system. Mr. HODGSON contended that the constitution could not be altered without the assent of every individual scrip, which they could never obtain, as even the divi dends were not applied for. The meeting then terminated in the usual way. THACKERAY'S LECTURES ON THE FOUR GEORGEE,— The committee of the Marylebone Literary and Scientific Institution, desirous:of affording, an interesting Christmas treat to the members as well as to the inhabitants of the west end of London, have, at considerable expense, been the first in the metropolis to engage Mr. Thackeray to deliver a ci urse of four lectun4 on the Four Georges in the theatre 01 tn.c the iirst will be de livered this evening at 8 o'clock. We believe the number of tickets issued is limited, and that they are already nearly exhausted. Country Markets. CHELMSFOE,D—DEc. 26. There was 'Pale business doing to-day at is st Wee k's prices. Spring corn without alteration, exce siting the hest barleys, which may be considered as slig. im proved. A thin attendance. Wheat, white, old, per s. s. qr. 37 74 new 40 73 red, old 35 64 new :35 61 31 42 36 50 31 42 Malt 72 76 Chevalier ..... . 74 78 I . s. per qr Partridge .4 1 43 White .39 46 Boiling Dun ..37 39 Beans, Tisk Harrow tick i4O 41 Mazagan ..35 37 Ditto, new ,.35 38 Oats, Peas, Barley Chevalier Grinding _ _ COLCHESTER- DEC. 27. A abort supply of wheat, which was taken reit ri -.tautly by the millers at is per qr advance on, last week's ; prices. Barley for malting was 2s. per qr dearer. Beans aa. d peas are without any material change in value. Prices to-clay were as follow :—Wheat, white, 112 i 1 o 745; rod, 58s to 665; barley, 42s to 50s ; oats, 24s to 30s : 1 >em', Mazagan, 36s to 3is ; middle and small, 40s to 46 'fi peas, white, 41s to 48s ; grey, 40s to 445. Official Statement of the Quantities of Corn, &c., ceived in the port of London, from the following port . from Dec. 22 to Doc. 27, both inclusive. ;4 3 I ° 286 ( 48 1.45,5 - 600 ( < 956 - 240' 16 - - 78 158 ( 72 ( 300114 158 Colchester Harwich Leigh hialdon KIRKCALDY-DEC. 27. We had rather a large supply of wheat, which sold F at last week's prices. Oats in fair supply, and is pe dearer. Barley in small supply ; good sound grain s, last week's prices—inferior and damaged is. per qr. h Wheat. Barley. t Oats. I Be First Second Third 3os Od 29s al I 20s 'pd I Os Oatmeal, —s to —a per bag of 280Ib. COAL MAK :ET.—DEo. 29. the close of the market. Prices of Coal por ton at S. d. Bell's Primrose l5 0 Byass's West Hartley l6 3 Davison's West Hartley 16 3 Htl'pool West Hartley 16 0 Howard's West Hartley Netherton l6 3 Longridge's Wet Hartley 16 3 Tanfield Moor l5 0 Tanfield Moor Butes 15 0 Wallsond, &o. I Bold. llO r qr. d at ver. Lambton .., 19 i 0 Montague 18 0 Polisher 18: 0 Plummer Riehmund l7 9 Russell's Hetton 18; 3 south Hatton 19 0 Cassop lB. 6 Hartlepool l9' 3 Hartlepool Hetton 18• 0 Hough Hall 17; 6 flunwiek l7 0 South Hartlepool 1 g 6 roes 1 9 Thorp la 9 Whitworth l7 0 Brown's Moor High Main 1 6 9 Wallsend, &o. Gosforth l7 3 Riddell l7 3 Wharucliffe 17 6 Eden Alain l7 3 Belmont . lB 0 Braddyll lB 3 Framwellgate lB 0 Haswell 19 6 Blips at market...l2i LOCAL SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, DEC. 29. STOOK EXCHANGE.—The market was quiet to- d a 7, but steady in tone, closing with a dull aspect. Blackb u ro , 71. 16s. 81—East Lancashire, 221—Great Western , 6 (t'i London and North Western, 104 —Midland, 82i t—^- North British, 10—South Eastern, 22h .f. MANCHESTER. IDEc. 29. STaox EXCHANGE. —The market was steady up to the afternoon, but closed rather weaker. A fair business lvo! done, about equally divided between the pre sent and 1 1 el' tto account. Dovers, 22k—Leeds, 97g—Sheffields, 35 (101. pref.), 121—Ditto (6'. pref ). p.—EaseLancaslUxet 231—Great Western of Canada, 2 ti —Midland , 82 i . 1 I! BIRMINGHAM. DEC. 29 STonic fr,XOIIaNG.E.- Great Western Birmingham G us" =teed, 73 to 74—Great Western Birmingham Preferel 101 to 10f. SEABORNE MAILS. [When the date for mlkinc4 up a mail falls on a Sunday, the l = d m remain) open until the day following: except in the case o f the a mail, via Southampton, which, on such occas i o ns, is made up w evening previous.] Pon Pa 031 I _..--...---- •-•- s tri l n Made up at Whence By what When 9 3,.. 14 d the des- Vessel. exPeot ed .' - Post Office. patched. ... . ....... - Lisbon.. ••• • ? tll,l7th, & South- Alham- Jam 4 SUILS n Gibralt tr .. -1 Spa'n - H 7 27th of thel anapton bra month. Gibraltar -1 Malta •• • • Egydt .. •• South- Ceylon •• India • ... • • month. month. Mauritius (viaCeylon)J 4 Wi g PP China - Co! . • om bo Tan. Penang .. • • M the ., nter , Bea Singapore - Australla(via i 1,4 lan. 12 .. i South- Co' - Dec. Jaoltea the Cape) 3 ' ampton blan Cape of Good Hope.. • • Dart- w Mauritius Ceylon India • • Lisbon.. • 1 Madeira CapedeVerds I 1 South- Tamar Jan. 12 TVS , • Brazil N Jan. 9 '' '' ampton BuenosAyres Falkland Is- I lands.... . J West Indies (except Ha vana and Ist and lim:turas). 2d and 17th South- Magda- 16th of V " ezaPla - M of tlio th e Orino e , ampton lens Gi ev Town month. i month. New Granada Chili Peru •• .. • • California - 16th of South- . Honduras • • 1•M Jan. 17 .• i am pton • - the .•...«• month. Nassau .. •• South- Magda- Jan. 1 Orinocx Mexic o •• • • 31 Jan. 2.• •• I am pton lens Havana .. • . • Ply- Madeira __.. Jan. 23 .. 1 Gambia Jan. 6 Omuta.: Tenerlife • • I: mouth W.C.ot Africa Btisi i N ca ortl } Liver- America ...... pool U n it e d States linietr.l. t E Every Frt . United States I fan. 6 and ate Liver- Br iti s h North E altern Atlantic Jan. 1 Atla nta America .. TuesdayS. pool United States British North . (3il D ec . 31 .. / South- Wash- ........ ~. ~ .• America ampton ington .. Canada .... } E lan. 27 ..1. Liver- Anglo- Jan. i „ Anglo sax o ipool Saxon__________-....... .-..--"" B y ►; ''A t yea 54 OM. 41..... .... ..- sal ts 3 Ripen' ne I Jac) colt Eng ) and lOrino CO 1 00000 ••••• Orinoc 0 I Canda. ,10 'Atlantic •••••' •• M—Moriilng. E—Evening. Anglo sax 00 _ A SEAFARING ANECDOTE OF TEE 17th CEN TUY. R In speaki ng o f woun d s o f t h e f ace , -- a u t'ecaPional anecdote, throwing a little lig ht on his ov ini career. i " When," says he, " I served amo n g the Du n ki W i seman introduc es rers, when snick and snee was, a s it were, a f ashion, I had kirk e: of this sort of work" (face m ending), "and, for your diversion, shall set vou down one instance I.n that kind :—While our squadron laid at anchor in tile Groin, there came in some Hollanders, under the nod( in of Hamburgers, w ith their ships new tr immed up for the King o f Spain's service. A boatswain of one of thee' 3 ships happened to be in company with 'tome of our men. While drinking together the Hol lander began to pra.to of religion, upbraiding one of our men for wearing it cross, and after a while he became quarrelsome, arid swore, sacrament, he would not wear a cross ; nu, btei!he devil take him, repeating it often. One of our men t him down, and fell with him ; then kneeling u pon his breast, and holding his bead down, he drew out a knife, and cut him from the ear towards the mouth, then from the or zygoma to the nether jaw. ' Now , said be, ' yr,, shall wear a cross, that the devil do notcarry you away. . Wiseman being called, treated the wound by suture, sad produced a cure very satisfactory to his patient, who was proud of his scar .—Medical --------- BIRTHS OP A DAUGHTER. On the 27th inst., at West Stow Rectory, Suffolk, the wife of the Rev. William Pridden. On the 27th inst., at Roeharopton, Surrey, the wife of Hamilton 11. Fulton, Esq. 01 A 801. On the 29th inst., at 28, Upper Bedford -place, Mrs. Ho- race Francis. At Diinghouses, York, the wife of the Rev. Gilbert IL Philips. MARRIED. On Thursday, the 2d of October, at St. George's Church, Prince of Wales Island, Felix Henry, the eldest son of George Felix Gottliebb, Esq., Master-Attendant, to Jane, the eldest naught®r of Francis Spencer Hobba, Esq., of Halliford.street, Islington London. On the 27th inst. at St.PGiles's, Cambervrell, Mr. James Henry Nixon, of Forest-hill, to Phebe Keturah, fourth daughter of amas Brooker, Esq., of Brookley-park, Fo rest-hill, Kent. D I B D. Oa the 21st inst., at the Vicarage House, in the parish the vicar of the same pa of Glossop, Derbyshire of apoplexy, the Rev. Alexander Thomas Grist Manson, D• risk, aged 40. On the 24th inst., at Kelso, N. 8., William Felton, the infant son of Captain Richard Burnaby, Royal Engineers. Oa the 24th inst., at Jermyn-street, Piccadilly, and late of Holloway, E dward Newton Bryant, Esq., eldest son of o f the Grange, Caldicote, Bedford- Ed war d Bryant, ES+ , shire, aged 45 . On he inst., a t Camerton Rectory , n ear Bath, Eliza Ann, t the26th w ife of the Rev. Edward Holland. On the 26th inst., at Cookham, Barks, Charle s Francis Bamford, Esq., of the Inner Temple. On the , - 7 t h inst of Brooke Mouse, Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, Esq. age d 58 ' On the 27 th inst., at 35, M suddenly. Charles Mason Freerasu, elviile-street , Edinburgh, Mrs. DONVar, senior, of Vogrie, aged 84. On the 28th inst., at Herne-hill, Dulwich, of serious apoplexy, Charlotte Holbert, the wife of Joseph Curliugo Esq., aged 49. On the 29th inst., at 1, Paragon, Hackney, Mr. A. C. Bourne, aged 82. : I Ana Pvl,!ighc,l by .?,.,11).0 of No. 112, tr.:Au 1, Priv tar, as 77/0 Sun Office, - 47 . 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the count a aiddletor,,lefOßYl Dooolllber 30, 1856. 13 ‘ L. 5: 75 THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY _EVENING, DECEMBER 30, 1856.