The Sun. — London, England, 1861-08-05 00:00:00

THEATRE.ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstcue. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with a new Ballet, BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. Miss Fanny Wright, the Leclercqs, Mr. Webster, &o. After which, a new Comedy, entitled MY LORD AND MY LADY ; or, It Might have been Worse. Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Andrews, Mr. Buckstone, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Wilkins, &c. Followed by OF AGE TO-MORROW. Miss M. Olive r. To conclude with TURNING THE TABLES. Commence at 7. R OYAL PRINC E SS'S THEATRE.— Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, the new comi c d rama, ent i tled A HOMESTEAD STORY, Messrs. Ryder Shore, and Miss M. Harris. Followed by THE CORSICAN BROTHERS. Messrs. A. Harris, Meadows, Miss Murray, Miss R. Leclerq, Fechter, and Mrs. Virestsn. --- To conclude with THE FIRST NIGHT. Mr. A. Harris, and Miss Maria Harris. NEW THEATRE -ROYAL, ADELP Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. Reproduction of the great drama of " The Dead Heart." THIS EVENING, the great Adelphi drama, THE DEAD • HEART. Messrs. B. Webster, J. L. Toole, Fisher, Billing ton, Eburne, Smith, Romer ; Miss Wooigar and Miss Kate Kelly. To conclude with (18th time) THE PRETTY HORSE BREAKER. Mr. J. L. Toole, Mr. Paul Bedford; Miss K. Kelly, Miss Woolgar, Miss E. Thorne, Miss Laidlaw, and Mrs. Chatterley, Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7. CIANTERBURY HALL 1, AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. Verdi's New Opera, UN BALLO TN MASCHERA, arranged and conducted by Mr. Jonghmans. Mr. Levy on the cornet-a-piston. Mr. Wood and his talented little Son, the best Negro Delineators of the day. The extraordinary comic duet, " The Nerves," by Messrs. Harvey and French, the most grotesque performance in London. Mrs. Lawrence and Mr. Marshall in several New Songs written expressly for him, including the " Excursion to Brighton." Admission, ed. ; Stalls and Balcony, is. RETURN of SAM COWELL to ENGLAND, who will shortly appear at his old quarters, after an absence of five years. RE-DECORATION of this Magnificent HALL, executed by Mr. William Sanderson, of Lambeth, under the direction of Samuel Field, Esq., architect, is now completed. This popular Place of Amusement now surpasses its former grandeur, and, with the FINE ARTS GALLERY and SPACIOUS PROMENADE, forms the MOST ELEGANT PUBLIC BUILDING In the WORLD. Considerable im tramTentsahave been made in the VENTILATION and E 0 X F 0 it D, 6, OXFORD-STREET. This noble building being now completed, its architectural beauty, elegance of ornamentation, and brilliancy of lighting render it one of the sights of the metropolis. Open - Every Evening. The programme is varied, and i nc l u d es Selections (by a full company of principals, powerful band, and chorus) from " Macbeth" and "Un Ballo in Maschera." both operas by Verdi, the composer of thd day—The wonderful Solos oa the Cornet-a-Piston of the renowned LEVY—Scotch Duets by the Misses Stuart, and other vocal and instrumental music of the highest order. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. The Comic portion of the entertainment is supported by Miss Green, Messrs. Sam Collins, Harvey, and French (the_Nerves), Ad W. H. Wieland, E. Marshall. and W. Randall. mi_s 10 n, Hall, sixpence ; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private Boxes, 108. td. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tnts DAY.—Morning, 12h. 58m.—Afternoon, 1h.24m. To-Atoußow.-Morning, lh. 44m.—Afternoon,' 2h. Gm. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, AUGUST 4, IS6I. THEEMOXETEE, IN THE SHADS. 66 —highest since noon yesterday. 59—lowest this morning and during the night. 70—this day at noon. BAROMETER -30.08. WlND — South - Westerly—fresh and squally, but fine weather. AUGUST 5. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 71--highest since noon yesterday. 55—lowest this morning and during the night. 71—this day at noon. BAROMETER-29.98. WlND—South-Westerly; fresh, and fine. • ' - , a. - --- , ; : -._ :: `;''. r :.,-, ...,,,,,,, F :p." ~---,,,,, i(-;•-k.,F , K.„---,-i,7,,-- ~ s r - .„....,4_ . ,_. '-:-...-.H•-,-..v.1- , -,, ~,,,, ~ , •-tir •,.,),-:•,,.- ,_,.,7.3 • ...... - ,h,.•_,,0. -" ~,i4 l .- . t ••• - ~.., - - ~ - . .,0'...••••,, ~-..,,-,,,,.. ..--• •'' THE SUN. LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 5, 1881. At length this terrible C:vil War in America has commenced in real earnest. The first of many battles, we fear, has been fairly fought out between the bel ligerents. The consequences of this earliest collision between the opposing armies of Federalists and Confederalists being apparently—at the first blush —something tremendous. Certainly, if we could persuade ourselves to read with belief some of the instructions coming flashing to us through the Telegraph, we should be led to suppose that the war has just now not only been at length commenced, but that it must have been already by this time pretty well terminated. It is only reasonable, however, upon all accounts to accept the news pouring in upon us, for just what it is worth in itself, without jump ing immediately to any precipitate conclusions. Everyone in this country will, as a matter of course, eagerly devour the intelligence now brought to us from the opposite shores of the Atlantic—but it will be as well to devour it cum grano salts. Under taking dispassionately to devour it thus, and thus only, we find the facts of the case to unfold them selves to view in the manner following : On the twenty-first of July —a date henceforth memorable in the annals of America—a Battle of considerable importance was fought at the Manassas Junction between the Federal army of the North, under General M'DowELL, and the Southern army of the Confederates, under President JEFFERSON DAYE; (at the centre) as Commander in -Chief, with General JOHNSTON in command of the left wing, and General BEAUREGARD in command of the right- General MiDowELL having no more than from 15,000 to 20,000 of the Federal troops alto gether with which to confront a formidable and indeed overwhelming, mass of from 90,000 to 100,000 Confederates, with the Southern Pre sident as their Generalissimo. As at Marengo, those who were eventually defeated before sunset at Manassas were, in the early p art f o the engagement, the seeming conquerors. After nine hours fighting, the action beginning shortly after dawn at Bull Run, about three miles from the Junction at Manassas, the advantage appeared to rest entirely with the Federalists. There was great loss upon both sides by the end of that nine h ears , engagement, but—as the most conspicuous result of it—three of the Confederate Batteries were cap tured by the Northerns. Thereupon, however, the tables appear to have been completely turned—and with a vengeance. As leader of the Confederates, General BEAUREGARD, found the army under his command reinforced, about this time, by the opportune arrival of 25,000 under General JOHNSTONE. The total number of the Southern troops thus massed together at Man assas being stated by one account as being very litt_e short of 100,000—as being at the least some 90,000 men altogether. A stupendous disadvantage for the Federal army under Gen. M'DOWELL—notwith standiug the prestige obtained after nine hours' fighting by the seizure of those three batteries at Bull Run from the Confederates. The same identical words that passed between DEssAix and BONAPARTE upon the field of Marengo -- might have passed at this momentous junc tll TE-- (probably something like this did pass) upon the field of Manassas between JOHN STONE and BEAUREGARD. History has related it once— and it may again, for, as we all know, it is full of repetition. Th e COMMANDER-IN-CHlEF—(putting up his watch after a glance at it)--"General, there i s yet time for another engagement !" Thus, lite rally, it happened at Marengo. Thu apparently, to all intents and Imrpoles, it came to pass at Manassas. The nano h oti „, The captur e of P fighting went for nothing. the three batteries went for nothing. The Confederates there, en masse 2 5 , 000 of them freshly arrived attacked the Union army under General M DowELL, with the serious conseq uences related ' in a few startling sentences of the Teleg ram , The Federal army being subjected to a very grievous discomfiture! About that, there appears to . be nb AN whatever. , according to the Southerners—(this, of course, however)—t h defeat was more than simply "a defeat." It was a rout, . _ a sauve quipeat—a panic having sprung up among the crowd of suttlers huddled together among the baggage waggons in the van of the Federal army —this panic affecting the soldiers themselves by a sort of contagion—the whole confused mass of the Northern army flying thereupon in utter disorder in the direction of Washington. All this intelligence —we say again—coming to us (thus highly coloured and strongly flavoured) from the vic tors of the 21st ult —from the elated Confederates. It is impossible not to recognise at a glance, how ever, how extravagantly the accounts thus given to us are exaggerated. Look at the mere facts as they come to our knowledge in the very telegrams ! Defeated at Manassas, and compelled to withdraw before the overwhelming masses of the Southern army under General BEAUREGARD, reinforced as that army had been by the arrival of 25,000 fresh troops under General JOHNSTONE—we learn from the tele grams that General M'DOWELL endeavoured to rally his discomfitted forces—where ? At Centerville and at Fairfax Court House ! Vainly it is true—still according to the te legrams. But the very next intimation is that the road between Centreville and Alexandria was littered over with the dying, and the wounded, and those who had dropped by the way from utter exhaustion. The very next account being to the effect that the Confederates pursued the defeated Northerns as far as FAIRFAX ! Now, Fairf ax i s but one-third of the distance from Centreville to Alexandria—it is scarcely half the distance from Manassas to Alexandria. Alexandria being about the same distance from Washington that—Fairfax is from Alexandria. And cer tainly if the defeat experienced by M‘DowELL was really and truly so complete and so ir retrievable in itself as it is said to have been in some of these exaggerated descriptions of it—that the Confederates should have stopped short at Fairfax, that they should have gone no further in pursuit than Fairfax, that they should have ventured no more than one-third of the way from Centreville on the road to Alexandria, does appFar to us upon the face of it—rather unaccountable ! More particularly when we learn that " the whole of the Federal artillery of rifled cannon and the Rhode Island Battery, with large quantities of arms, stores, and small arms, were captured by the Con federates." But, we also learn that, instead of flying, routed and pell-mell, upon the capital, the Federal army had fallen back on Alexandria. They are still there on the Virginian soil: and they have the satisfaction of knowing that the defences around Washington have been reinforced so considerably that they aro described as already strong enough to resist any attack from the Confederates ! Nor can this be wondered at under the circumstances. The repulse suffered by the Northern army at the Battle of Manassas—a repulse so serious and undoubted that it led, as we have seen, to a . hasty retreat, first of all to Centreville aid afterwards to Fairfax, com pelling the whole Federal army in fact to fall back eventually as far as Alexandria—this unquestion able discomfiture, we say, of the Northerns by Presi dent DAVIS upon the foughten field of Manassas, so far from auguring the rapid close in an unex pected manner of this terrible civil war in America, really and truly in effect only at last just inau gurates it. The intelligence of the defeat of the Federal army at Manassas, we learn, has created a profound sensation throughout the Northern States. Of course it has. And already we know with what significant results. Already we know that the defences around the capital have been increased so considerably as to set at defiance any assault from the side of the Confederates—that reinforcements from all parts of the country have been telegraphed for from Washington—that 80,000 fresh troops "since the defeat of Manassas" have been placed at the command of the Federal Government ! There cannot be a doubt of it, but that the mere fact of this defeat of the Northerns at Manas sas upon the occasion of their first serious encounter with the e forces of the Confederates, will kindle with greater fury than ever the dreadful flame of civil war in the opposing states ! The Southerners being heartened on by the First Victory—the Northerners being more resolved than ever to buckle to in earnest for the encounter, if merely to wipe out the recollection of their sudden repulse from Manassas to Alexandria. 1 Sir G. BOWYER gained little by his questioning , Lord PALMERSTON, on Friday night, unless he conceives it a gain to display on every possible occasion a monomaniacal prejudice, which blinds him to facts that all England knows as well as all I Italy. It required, indeed, no ordinary courage to attempt to vindicate the hirelings of FRANCIS II and Cardinal ANTONELLI ; who, aided by tin name of the former, and by money and arms fur nished from the Holy Roman Treasury and Arsenal by the latter, have of late disturbed the south of Italy. We have Mr. BOW YER'S authority for it, that these men are not brigands, but the popu lation of the country, retaining their loyalty to their beloved monarch. They hated the Piedmon i tese, and longed for the restoration of the blessings of a Bourbon reign ; theplebtsczte s as a farce, as the voting was carried on by force ; and the Pied montese troops were at once hated by the people, and obliged to be confined in fortresses, and yet were dreaded by those who so shut them up ! No one would apply the ungentlemanly word to S ir G. BOWYER. He merely " says the thing which liquefactio n is not" - with the sam e un d ou b te d f a i th as he would assert the doctrine of the ee blood e f s Immaculate T. Conception, JAN uAni u s : or the or the safe accouchement of the female Bourbon at Madrid through the presence of the arm of ST. JOIIN the BAPTIST in her oratory. Sir G. BOWYER is s i m ply a man of the largestfaithe,i orn all which belongs to Rome, or flows from itete incident ally belongs to Rome—he is what we profane be lievers in common worldly sources of information should be too apt to term a credulous man. Re can at pleasure believe all the evidence of aid from Rome to these Neapolitan villains, the refuge they find when hard pressed in the POPE'S little terri tories, to be mere fables ; or, if it better suits his purpose, that these wretches were saints and patriots, and that Rome honoured herself in giving them bayonets and daggers, bul lets and pistols ; and giving them shelter, too, when they fled to her for it, laden with the spoil of the Philistines who dared to eject the LORD'S anointed from the country he misgoverned. Lord PALMERSTON probably thought he might not have another opportunity before Parliament breaks up to tell Europe his mind, and he must have been much obliged to Sir GEORGE for giving him an occasion of making such an avowal for the recess; indeed, his foreign policy has been his best " cry " in his own country; the one thing but for which he would not probably be now in office. We are happy to see that on this point at least there He believed that th e f ac t respect is no falling off. ing the was that their own Govern ment had recalled them, as they were acknowledged by Swiss authorities to have abused grossly the rim SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 5, 1861. leave to remain with which they had been indulged. At Paris the Swiss mercenaries of a hated despot would have not been allowed to remain, ex cept as corpses beneath the soil ; and if they chose to insult the Government which was so forbearing to them they richly deserved to be sent back to their proper homes. Republican hirelings of despots deserved assuredly to be shot without ceremony ; they, therefore, had nothing fairly to complain of. lAs to the assertions of the all-believing Knight respecting the attachment of the Neapolitans to slavery under the BOURBON, and then groaning under constitutional freedom, superintended by the King of ITALY, there was certainly one great, one never-denied fact, which settled that question. The conquest of the whole country by the little band which landed in Sicily ; the man ner in which it was received as fast as it could reach city after city ; the entrance accorded to GARIBALDI and his suite, while his own soldiers were distant, and those of the KING alone in the city—the whole enterprise, in fact, of GARI BALDI was notorious evidence that the people hated their Government, and had in heart already banished their King. It were far more plausible to assert that WILLIAM 111. conquered England than that GARIBALDI conquered the Two Sicilies. He beat, indeed, those desperadoes of the KING'S 100,000 soldiers who remained faithful to the man who had paid them ; but he conquered them through the cordial, the enthusiastic aid of the people. Sir G. BOWYER'S patriots Lord PALMER STON described in their true character. He acknowledged that they were not brigands, be cause so mach worse than brigands. Brigands mur der only incidentally. Their object and endeavour is to get money by their captures. They want to subsist only by plunder, and prefer a ransom for their captives. Sir G. BOWYER'S favourites seek nothing so much as vengeance. They plunder, in deed, even more than brigands, bat their chief ob ject is to murder, torture, burn alive, and perpetrate every atrocity on those who had been guilty of pre ferring constitutional freedom, such as enables Sir G. BowYER to defend the most atrocious ♦il lains in his country's Parliament, to the dungeons, the illegal imprisonments, the police, the long con finements without trial, the hangings, the shoot ings, and-the crucifixions in secret chambers, of the expelled Bourbons. Lord PALMERSTON did not hesitate to point to the source of all the evil—to Rome. We hope he will not point in vain. It is doubly intolerable that Italy should be deprived of its capital, and that the possession of it by the French should make it an asylum of the most savage murderers. From Monsignor MERODE'S conduct it seems that even the General of the protecting Army cannot obtain decent treatment from the Pope's servants, and it is gratifying to see how on all hands the hope is expressed that the French Emperor will take the hint. After all that can be said for protecting the Chief Bishop of Roman Catholics against his own subjects, and compelling them to bear the galling load of his temporal government, it seems intolerable that the man who must have Savoy and Nice to rectify the natural boundaries of France, should continue to withheld from Italians the natural capital of Italy. One thing only we should be glad to hear from Lord PALMERSTON— an application to Hungary of the principles he so freely acts on in regard to Italy. It is too bad that England, by its Ministers, should appear to be a party to the fraud and violence of Austria in Hun- ') gary. By justice to Italy we have gained a Euro pean name ; we ought not to lose it by failure of justice to Hungary. LAT EbT NEW 6. THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. DEFEAT OF THE FEDERAL ARMY. QUEENSTOWN, SUNDAY. The Royal Mail steamship Canada, from Boston on the 24th, and Halifax on the 26th, arrived here at 8.40 p.m., yesterday. She brought 78 passen gers. She landed eight passengers and 116 sacks of mails, and proceeded for Liverpool at 9.15 p.m. All well. NEW YORK, JULY 23, MORNING. The Federal army, under General M‘Dowell, has experienced a disastrous defeat. Early on the morning of the 21st the whole of the Federal army advanced on the Confederate batteries at Bullrun, three miles from Manassas Junction. Great bravery was displayed by the Federal troops, and after nine hours' fighting they succeeded in capturing three of the Confederate batteries , but with heavy loss on both sides. At this time General Beauregard is reported to have been reinforced by General Johnstone with 25,000 men. The Confederates then attacked the Union army, and drove them in disorder from the field. A panic, from some cause, seized the Federal troops' and the whole army fled in open disorder towards Washington. General M'Dowell endeavoured to rally his troops at Centreville and Fairfax C mrt House, but found it impossible to check their retreat. The road from Centreville to Alexandria was strewn with men, wounded or fallen from exhaus tion. The Confederates pursued as far as Fairfax. The whole of the Federal artillery of rifled cannon and the Rhode Island battery, with large quantities of arms, stores, and small arms, were captured by the Confederates. The Federal loss is estimated at from 500 to 2,000 men. Many colonels and officers of all grades were killed. The Confederate loss is also stated to be heavy. The Confederate army at Manassas Junction is reported to number 90,000 men. The whole of the Federal army has fallen back on Alexandria. The defences round Washington have been rein forced, and are stated to be strong enough to resist any attack by the Confederates. Reinforcements from all parts of the country have been telegraphed for from Washington. This repulse has created a profound sensation. . (LATEST BY TELEGRAPH TO HALIFAX.) NEW YORK, JULY 25. Most vigorous preparations are being made by the Federal Government for a renewal of offensive operations. The Government have already accepted 80,000 fresh troops since the defeat at Manassas. The Federalists report their loss to be less than 1,000 men, while that of the Confederates they estimate at between 3,000 and 4,000, including a great number of officers. General Johnstone is reported to be killed. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, JULY 25. Exchange on London—Bankers' bills, 1071. Stocks dull. Erie, 24 ; Illinois Central, 63 ; New York Central, 75k. Cotton firm. Middling upland, 16c. to 161 e. Bread,stuffs firm. Provisions quiet. and can only be heard with difficulty. I shall tele graph no more unless there should be a renewal of the battle, which has been so gloriously fought for the old stars and stripes, and from all indications here our troops have at least stood their ground. FAIRFAX COURT HOUSE, 3 50 P.M. Our courier has not yet returned. Quartermaster Barton, of the Second Regiment of Michigan, has just passed, and says that the officers, men, and citizens at Centreville say a general engagement of the whole line had taken place three and a half miles this side of Manassas, and that our troops had driven and forced the Secessionists' lines back to Manassas. We expect a courier now 'every moment. CENTREVILLE, 4 P.M. General M'Dowell has ordered the reserves now here, under Colonel Miles, to advance to the bridge over Bull Run, on the Warrenton road. FAIRFAX COURT HOUSE, 4 45 P.M. Two of our couriers have returned, but are unable to communicate in person with General M'Dowell. One of the couriers was on the field of battle; He says our troops have taken three masked batteries, and forced the enemy to fall back and retire. He says the battle was general on Bull Run for some distance. One of the batteries taken was in a wheat field, and the other some distance from it, and the third still further on. 5 20 rx.—Another despatch says that the Fede rals have won the day. The loss on both sides is heavy, but the route of the rebels is complete. The batteries on Bull Run are silenced, and two or three others taken. 545 r.m.—The firing has ceased. We shall send another courier there in a few minutes. The courier went at four o'clock, and will be back soon. WASHINGTON, July 21. A most severe battle was fought today at Bull Run Bridge. The conflict was desperate, lasting over nine hours. The programme, as stated in the first despatch from Fairfax Court House, was carried out, until the troops met with a succession of masked bat teries, which were attacked with vigour and suc cess, after a severe loss of life. Our troops advanced as follow : Colonel Richardson, who distinguished himself in the previous engagement, proceeded on the left with four regiments of the Fourth Brigade, to hold the battery on the hill on the Warrenton road in the vicinity of the place where the last battle was fought. The flank movements were described in the first despatch. Shenck's and Sherman's brigades of Gen. Blair's division advanced by the Warrenton road, while Colonels Heintzelman's and Hunter's division took the fork of the Warrenton road to move between Bull Run and Manassas Junction. Col. Koye's Brigade remained at Centreville. Information was received by Gen. Taylor's com • mond of the existence of the enemy's battery com manding the road. Our troops were then formed in battle array. The Second New York and First Ohio on the left, and the Second Ohio and Second Wisconsin, and Seventy-ninth, Thirteenth and Six tieth Regiments, of New York, on the right. Col. Miles's regiment followed in the rear. The first range-gun was fired by Sherman's bat tery at ten minutes to seven. The rebels did not return his shot until an hour and a half afterwards. When Colonel Hunter's Division came up, the battle became general. Colonel Hunter's movement, to gain the rear of the enemy, was almost a success. The enemy's position was opened on by several of Carlisle's howitzers, followed by slight skirmishing. The rebels rapidly received reinforcements from ManassesJunetion after the attack was opened. The battle consisted of a suc cession of fires from masked batteries, which opened in every direction. When one was silenced, its place was supplied by two, and in the daring charges of our infantry in unmasking them, the Second Ohio and Second New York Militia were marched by flank through the woods by a new-made road within a mile of the main road, when they came on a battery of eight guns, with four regiments flanked in the rear. Our men were immediately ordered to lie down on either side of the road, in order to allow two pieces of artillery to pass through and attack the work, when this battery opened upon us, and killed on the third round Lieutenant Dempsey, of Company G, New York, and William Maxwell, a drummer, and seriously wounding several others. Our troops were kept for 15 or 20 minutes under a galling fire, they not being able to exchange shots with the enemy, although within a stone's throw of their batteries. They succeeded in retiring in regular order and with their battery. The most gallant charge of the day was made by the New York 69th, 79th, and 13th, who rushed up upon one of the batteries, firing as they pro ceeded, with perfect eclat, and attacking it with the bayonet's point. The yell of triumph seemed to carry all before it. They found that the enemy had abandoned the battery and only taken one gun, but this success was acquired only after a severe loss of life, in which the 69th most severely suf fered, and it was reported Lieutenant-Colonel Nugent was among the first killed. The Zouaves also distinguished themselves by their spirited assaults on the batteries at the point of the bayonet, but it is feared that their loss is immense. Up to the hour of three o'clock p.m. it was generally understood that we had hemmed in the enemy entirely, and that they were gradually re tiring; that Col. Hunter had driven them back in rear, that Col. Heintzelmau's command was meet ing with every success, and that it required but the reserve of General Tyler's division to push on to Manassas Junction. From the statements of a prisoner, it appears that our artillery has created great havoc among the rebels, of whom there are from 30,000 to 40,000 in the field under command of General Beauregard, while they have a reserve of 75,000 at the Junction. Time position of the enemy extended in three lines in the form of a triangle, the apex fronting the centre of our column. The area seems to have been filled with masked batteries. At seven o'clock this evening guns were still heard firing at short intervals. THE NORTHERNERS' ULTIMATE DEFEAT. WASHINGTON, July 22. After the latest information was received from Centreville, at half-past seven o'clock last night, a kries of events took place, in the intensest degree disastrous. Many confused statements are pre valent, but enough is known to warrant the state ment that we have suffered in a degree which has cast a gloom over the. remnants of the army, and excited the deepest melancholy throughout Wash ington. The carnage is tremendously heavy on both sides, and on ours it is represented as fright ful. We were advancing and taking their masked batteries gradually but surely, and driving the enemy towards Manassas Junction, when the enemy seemed to have been reinforced by General John stone, who, it is understood, took command, and im mediately commenced driving us back, when a panic among our troops suddenly occurred, and a regular stampede took place. It is thought that General 111‘Dowell undertook to make a stand at or about Centreville; but the panic was so fearful that the whole army became demoralised, and it was impossible to check them, either at Centreville or at Fairfax Court House. General M'Dowell intended to make another stand at Fairfax Court House ; but, our troops being in full retreat, could not accomplish the ob ject. Beyond Fairfax Court House the retreat was kept up until the men reached their regular encamp ments, a portion of whom returned to them, but a still larger portion coming inside the intrench meats. A large number of the troops in their retreat fell on the wayside from exhaustion, and are scattered along the route all the way from Fairfax Court House. The road from Bull Run was strewn with knap sacks, arms, &c. Some of our troops deliberately threw away their guns and appurtenances the bet ter to facilitate their movements. The latter part of the army, it is said, made their retreat in order. Gen. APDowell was in the rear of the retreat, exerting himself to rally his men, but only with partial success. He was completely exhausted, having slept but little for three nights. His orders on the field did not at all times reach those for whom they were intended. It is supposed that the force sent out against our troops consisted, according to a prisoner's statement, of about 30,000 men, including a large number of cavalry, He further says, that owing to reinforce. ments from Richmond, Skansburg, and other points, the enemy's effective force was 90,000 men. According to the statement of two Fire Zouaves, they only have about 200 men left from the slaugh ter, while the 69th and other regiments frightfully suffered in killed and wounded. The number can not now be known. Sherman's, Carlisle's, Griffin's, and the West Point batteries were taken by the enemy, and the eight siege and 32 rifled cannon, the latter being too cumbrous to remove. They were two miles the other side of Centreville. Such of the wounded as were brought to the Centreville hospital were kft there, after having their wounds properly dressed by Surgeon Frank H. Hamilton. The panic was so great that the attempt to rally them to a stand at Centreville was entirely in vain. If a firm stand had been made there our troops could have been reinforced and much disaster pre vented. It is supposed all the provision trains belonging to the United States Government were saved. Same regimental waggons were overturned by ac cident, or the wheels came off, and had, therefore, to be abandoned. Large droves of cattle were saved by being driven back in the advance of the retreat. It is supposed here to-day that General Mansfield will take command of the fortifications on the other side of the river, which are able, it is said by mili tary engineers, to hold out against any force the enemy may bring against them. Large rifled cannon and mortars are being rapidly sent over and mounted. An officer just from Virginia (10.30) reports that the road from Centreville to the Potomac is strewed with stragglers. The troops are resuming the occu pation of the fortifications and entrenchments on the line of the Potomac. Col. Marston's New Hampshire regiment reached here this morning. He was wounded. Colonel Heintzelman was also wounded in the wrist. In addition to those reported yesterday, it is said that Col. Wilcox, the gallant commander of a brigade, wes killed ; also Captain M'Cook, a brother of Col. M'Cook, of Ohio. Waggons are continually arriving bringing in the dead and wounded. Both telegraph and steam boat communication with Alexandria is suspended to-day to the public. The greatest alarm exists throughout the city, especially among the female portion of the population. WASHINGTON, July 22. Colonel Cameron, of the 79th Regiment, is dead. Our troops are scattered in confusion, with damaged artillery, and wounded and half-dead soldiers, from Centreville to Alexandria. All our artillery is captured. The brother of Colonel M'Cook, of Ohio, is killed. Many wounded and dead men are being brought here, while large numbers are being brought into Alexandria, A gloom hangs over Washington which is indescribable. WASHINGTON, July 22. The following is an account of the inauguration of the panic which has resulted so disastrously to our troops. It receives unusual interest from the subsequent events : All our military operations went swimmingly on, and Colonel Alexander was about erecting a pontoon across Bull Run. The enemy were seemingly in retreat, and their batteries being unmasked one after another, when a terrific consternation broke out among the teamsters, who had incautiously advanced immediately after the body of the army, and lined the Warrenton road. Their consternation was shared in by numerous civilians who were on the ground, and for a time it seemed as if our whole army was in retreat. Many baggage waggons were emptied and their horses galloped across the open fields, all the fences of which were torn down to allow them a more rapid retreat. For a time a perfect panic prevailed, which com municated itself to the vicinity of Centreville, and every available conveyance was seized upon by agitated civilians. Wounded soldiers cried on the road side for assistance, but the alarm was so great that numbers were passed by. Several similar alarms occurred on previous occa sions, when a change of batteries rendered the retirement of the artillery on our part necessary, and it is most probable that the alarm was owing to the same fact. The reserve force at Centreville was immediately brought up, and marched in double quick step in the following order :—Col. Einstem's 27th Pennsyl vania Regiment, with two guns. The Garibaldi Guards and Col. Blenker's Ist Rifle Regiment, with its batteries, followed at several miles distant by the De Kalb Regiment. When our courier left, at half-past four o'clock, it was in the midst of this excitement. Two new masked batteries had been opened by the rebels on the left flank, and that portion of the division had its lines broken and demanded immediate re inforcement. The right was in good order. The battery erected on the hillside, directly opposite the main battery of the enemy, was doing good execution, and additional guns were being mounted. On his arrival at Fairfax Court House he was over- taken by a Government messenger, who reported that our army was in full retreat towards Centre ville. They were followed by less agitated parties, who stated that the alarm among the teamsters had communicated itself to the volunteers, and even in some instances to the regulars, and the lines were broken, and that a retirement of our forces across Bull Run was rendered necessary. Ayre's battery was also reported as lost. Crowds of carriages and baggage waggons came rushing down the road. The telegraph office was closed against all pri vate business, and in an hour the alarm had been communicated all along the road to Washington. WASHINGTON, July 22. The Rhode Island battery was taken by the rebels at the bridge across Bull Run, where their retreat was cut off. Their horses were all killed. It is reported that the Black Horse Cavalry made an attack on the rear of the retreating army, when the latter turned and fired, killing all but six of the assaulting party. The following regiments were engaged in the field :—The Ist, 2d, and 3d Connecticut Regiments. The first regiments of regulars composed of the 2d, 3d, and Bth companies. Two hundred and fifty marines. The Bth and 14th New York Militia. The Ist and 2d Rhode Island. The 71st New York. The 2d New Hampshire. The sth Massachusetts. The let Minnesota. The Ist Michigan. The 11th and 38th New York. The 2d, 4th, and sth Maine, and 2d Vermont Regiment, besides the several batteries. It is probable that the number of killed and wounded is magnified by large numbers who are missing, probably wandering through the woods. Two New York regiments have gone over to Virginia. It is vaguely reported that General Patterson's division arrived in the vicinity of Manassas this morning, and commenced an attack on the rebel forces. He was within 25 miles of the battle-ground yesterday, but the exhausted condition of his men prevented him from coming to the aid of M'Dowell. It is also reported that 4,000 of our troops have been sent back towards Fairfax, from the other side of the river. It is represented in many quarters that the Ohio regiments showed the greatest consternation, pro bably from want of confidence in their command ing officers. It is known that on the day previous to the battle a large number of them publicly pro tested against being led by General Schenck, and it was only through the importunities of Colonel M'Cook, in whom they placed all confidence, and other officers, that they were prevented from mak ing a more formidable rebellion. dna: ht;:th.ieze.irenoemwyn. It was known to our troops, at the time of the battle yesterday, that Johnston's force had formed a connection with General Beauregard on the night of the first action at Bull Run. Our men cars newly-arriving could distinctly hear the v i i n n t g o Manassas Junction, and the cheers .11 , inch was our the C on fed l e , zt y es kn li c a w ile t comrades. superior numbers and in These facts were further confirmed by prisoners taken, deserters, and spies ; but these facts were not probably known at Washington, and the officers in leading our men into action only obeyed orders. it was the arrival of fresh reinforcements to the enemy in superior numbers that turned the scale of battle: The enemy before now might perhaps have more to boast of if they had followed up their advantage laet night. WASHINGTON, July 22. The news of the tremendous revulsion was not fully confirmed among people at large until to-day, though the fact was well established at midnight last night. The course of the government in not allowing the first despatches of a brilliant victory to be con tradicted, was no doubt determined by the best mo tives. It is enough to know that we are completely defeated and routed. The entire army of the Poto mac now occupy the same intrenchments opposite Washington which they did one week ago. The retreat of the first regiments yesterday was dig graceful beyond all description. For ten miles your special correspondents and others describe the roads as being strewn with everything pertaining to the advance, or rather retreat, of an army—stores, guns► blankets, ammunition, &c., are lying in every di rection from Centreville. WASHINGTON, JULY 22. Pursuant to orders our forces have retreated t , f3 the intrenchments opposite Washington, General: M'Dowell occupying his. old headquarters at Ar lington. The city is perfectly safe from attack- The enemy is not pursuing. There are at least. 30,000 troops occupying positions opposite the city. Some of the remnants of regiments have come into Washington. The Hon, Edward Wade, of Ohio, arrived ha's at 10 o'clock this morning, leaving Centreville at daybreak. He says that two divisions of the army are at Centreville, and that the enemy still retain their intrenchments. General Tyler had thrown up intrenchments just in front of Centreville, and had made a stand there with fresh troops, but with no prospects of an attack. HARPER'S FERRY, July 22. Reliable information at head-quarters states that the last man of Johnston's force left Winchestfr on Saturday night en route for Manassas. No Con federate troops are now at Martinsbnrgh or Bunker Hill. WASHINGTON, July 22. It is estimated 'that only 20,000 in all of our troops were engaged in the battle yesterday, and only 15,000 at any one time, including 600 or 700 of the Rhode Island Ist and 2d Regiments. All communications with Alexandria has been stopped, to prevent the soldiers from crossing over. The returned soldiers are perfectly worn out. Many of them state that they went to the battle' field after breakfasting. They were all engaged at the same time, while the rebel strength was sup plied with fresh forces. The whole battle on the centre column was within a radius of a mile. It is believed that the rebels abandoned some of their batteries for the purpose of decoying the attacking force to advance to a position, where a double fire could be directed at them and sweep their lines. In the grand retreat many of the Garibaldians acted like savages, firing in every direction. On their run to Fairfax, country houses along the road were invaded and innocent persons maltreated. They seem to have lost all presence of mind in their rage over their defeat. An agent of the Associated Press, who left Cen treville at 1 o'clock this morning, brings interesting information in relation to the condition of affairs at that time and subsequent to the retreat. Sherman's Battery, or a greater portion of it, has returned to the city. The reason why the other batteries were taken is that the horses attached, as well as the reserve horses, were shot down, conse quently the cannon could not be removed. Soldiers stationed near Bull Cross Roads report that 500 of the enemy's cavalry have, since yester day, been seen within two 'miles of that place. The stragglers in this city are being gathered up and restored to their respective companies. Some few got into the city after midnight. The number of killed and wounded is gradually decreasing. Six hundred Zouaves have returned. WASHINGTON, July 22. General M'Clellan has been summoned by the Government from Western Virginia to repair to) Washington to take command of the army of the Potomac. General Rosencrantz takes his place in command of the army of Western Virginia. The corps d'armee at Washington is to be in stantly reorganised and increased. The orders have already been given. Offers of regiments already raised, and being raised, will, be accepted with such rapidity as to ensure that this will be accomplished in a few days. Large reinforcements from various districts are already on the way hither, orders having been telegraphed for them yesterday while the battle was in progress. The Government entertains no apprehension for the safety of the capital. Preparations not only for the defensive but for the renewal of offensive operations are going on vigorously. General M‘Dowell has returned to his head-quar ters at Arlington Heights. The regiments com prising his army will resume their position. Mos of them have already done so. (Private Despatch.) WAnIINGTON (via BALTIMORE), JULY 22. I have spent eight hours in carefully questioning the returned soldiers in various parts of the city. Our losses are far less severe than was at first reparted by scared civilians and running soldiers. There are probably not 300 killed, and perhaps not 200, For example : the 2cl Connecticut Regiment, returned, which was reported in the morning as badly cat up, lost but a dozen. The New Haven Greys have all returned unharmed, yet this regiment was exposed to frequent volleys of cannon and musketry. The New York 71st, also reported as used up, suffered but little, and so of others. Few of the vast number of balls fired by the rebels took effect. On the contrary, all the instances detailed by our men show that the enemy suffered severely. SECESSION ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE. RICHMOND (via NEW ORLEANS), July 22. The report of the killed and wounded was so unreliable last night in statement, owing to the confusion following the victory at Manassas, I refrained mentioning them , being fearful of giving causeless pain to anxious hearts. General Beauregard is safe. General Beaurogard' s. horse was shot under him. General Johnston commanded the left, where the enemy made their fiercest attack. General Beauregard commanded the right. President Davis reached the field at noon, and took command of the centre. When the left was pressed the severest, the centre engaged a portion of the enemy's forces and decided the fortunes of the day. No other re liable reports aro received, but are hourly ex pected. RICHMOND, VA., July 21 , VIA. NEW ORLEANS, J u ly 22. A fight commenced near Manassas at four o'clock this morning, and became gen eral about twelve. It continued till about seven, when the Federalists retired, leaving us in possession of the field. Sherman's battery of light artillery was taken. It was a terrible battle, with great slaughter on both sides. It is impossible to give details to night. LOUISVILLE, JULY 22. A special despatch to the Nashville Union, from Manassas 18th, says, that at the fight at Bull Run General Beauregard commanded in person. Tho enemy was re pulsed three times, in great confusion and loss. The. Washington Artillery, of New York, with seven guns engaged Sherman's 15 guns, and after making the latter change position 15 times, silenced and forced them to retire. Large quantities of arms were taken. Our loss was trifling• Major Harrison and two privates were killed ; Captains Dulaney, Chittman, and three privates were wounded. LATEST ACCOUN I S. NEW YOBS, July 23. The Toss gives the statement of a spectator of the battle, to the effect that the single cause of the panic was the charge ut - a large body of the rebel cavalry among roc teamsters and straggling soldiers, who were in the rear of our forces between Bull Run and Centreville. This charge started the notion that our army had been overwhelmed, and that the enemy was driving in full force on our reserve. Xmraediately the unarmed NEW BLACKERIARS BRIDGE. The following letters have been addressed to the editor of the Times : In your interesting notice of the above in Friday's paper you say :—" It seems to be Mr. Page's fate to have some of his best designs spoilt by the near proximity of railway bridgee, and the still grander architectural design of Black friars will, in like manner, be hemmed in by Cubitt's bridge, which it is said is to come as near as 100 feet or so." May I ask " Why not a little nearer ?" Why should not the two bridges be in one ? They would cost far less, block the tideway far less, and look far better. Railways are coming across the Thames ; and wo had better utilise them if we can, rather than grumble at them. Let the Bridge Committee agree with the Chatham and Dover Railway to promote a short deviation bill for the line, and the thing is done. Mutatis mutandis, the same holds good of my right and left-hand neighbours, "fune real" Southwark bridge:and the City extension of the South- Eastern Railway. The shareholders in the former are supposed to get about 1 per cent. per annum on their admirable investment. Why should they not sell the bridge and its approaches to the South-Eastern to build their railway bridge there, the Bridge Committee contributing sufficient funds to add a free carriage-way on one side of it, and thus benefit every body ? I have only to add that I am an humble, though, I hatter myself, an exceptionally ornamental, riverside edifice, and have no private interest whatever in any of the above un dertakings.—Yours obediently, DOWGATE-DOCK. August 3. Sir,—Finding an article in your impression of yesterday respecting Blackfriars-bridge, stating that the Bridge-house Estate Committee had decided nem. con. to accept Mr. Page's design, and that that g3nteman was appointed en gineer for its construction, I do not know who has partially lifted the veil which generally shrouds the mysteries of a committee, but to prevent any misunderstanding in the mat ter I I beg to hand you the facts as they stand. On Friday last a thin attendance of the committee—viz., 18 out of 41, met, as I imagined, for the purpose of compar ing the merits of the different plans submitted by the gen tlemen whose names you have inserted, and great was my surprise (with regard to so large an undertaking) to find that, instead of so deliberating, a mover and seconder pro posed adopting Mr. Page's plan for a three-arch bridge. I deemed it my duty to the public to caution the committee against this impropriety, and moved, as an amendment, the formation of a sub-committee, who, with the assistance of the city architect, should clearly ascertain which of the de signs gave the best waterway for craft and most convenient road for carriages. The amendment was lost. I then moved that the city architect be instructed to furnish the commit tee with information on those points. This amendment was also lost. Finding the majority could not be induced to go into measurement, or even look at the plans for the purpose of discussion, I could only intimate my intention of bringing the whole proceeding before the Court of Common Council, and as that body consists of 206 members, besides aldermen, I deem it. highly probable that a new committee will be formed pledged to take all the plans submitted into their consideration, and hear the gentlemen who have been at the trouble and expense of furnishing them upon their dif ferent merits,--I am, sir, yours respectfully, _ . JOHN KEARNS, One of the Committee, Red Lion-wharf, Upper T hames.street, Aug. 3. that the,o_ was A 2 P ,ss l ,9 ia s m B, entary return has been issued, showing number .erovs o fi f ohrian sovereigns coined at the Mint in 1860 and of 7o h B alf-sovereigns, 1,131,500, of the £63,558, while theyeanurmlay total value of £3,121 abveloOfs.shi.lTlihnegscmoiannaufgeacotuf manufactured d roN w vn as s bwereeerne idsissueoendtint7dthesinecxetenltBso2f, but last ye ar ionTphuerehased in the market in 1852, 61t. ; in 1853, 61 d. price paid per ounce for ; 6 1 ) 1 n i n d l a B g s c 4, w 6 a l s i d n ; 81 1 i8 , 1 6 5 : 10, 1 r , 6b 1 0 2 u 0 11 dl ; in 185'5, 611 d.; in 1856, 61fd. ;in 1857, •; in 1858, 6lid. ; in 1859, 610.; and in 1860, 611 d. Intelligence from Sunderburg (Isle of Alens) states that the King of Denmark arrived there on the even ing of the 29th ult , on board the steamer Schleswig, and was received with salutes of artillery and ringing of bells, The Queen of Sweden, her daughter, the Princess Louisa, and her Majesty's relations, the Prince and Princess Frederick, and the Princess Mary of the Nether ands, arrived at Frankfort three days back, on their way to Mouskaw, in Silesia. ADELPHI THEATRE.—Mr. B. Webster will take his annual benefit on Wednesday, August 14. The oxen , lions of this enterprising manager to maintain the esta blished regulation of his theatre have always been most earnest, and he well deserves the success he has reaped. On the forthcoming occasion there is no doubt that he will be supported most liberally by that public for which he has so perseveringly catered for many seasons. Fresh attrac• tions are promised, DETAILS OF THE BATTLE. THE FEDERALISTS' EARLY ADVANTAGES. WASHINGTON, July 21. The Federal forces have taken all the batteries at Bull Run to•day, and are pressing on to Manassas. There is terrible loss on both sides. The can nonading was heard here. This is from official in formation telegraphed to the department. Hon. C. B. Hoard, member of the last Congress, is just in, having witnessed four hours of to-day's battle. He describes it as terrific, and reports an immense loss of life. The enemy attempted, with an immense force, to turn our right flank, which came near being successful, when our large siege gun—a 32-pounder—opened fire, causing tremend ous havoc on the enemy, and routing them. Hoard was obliged to get out of the way, and left for here at two p.m. while the fight was progressing. WASHINGTON, July 21. The last official despatch, dated Fairfax, 5 30 p.m. which says, " A courier just in confirms the taking of Bull Run, with great loss of life, and says that Colonel Heintzelman was on the left of the Junction shelling the intrenchments when the courier left." WASHINGTON, 11 p.m. Dr. Ray, of the Chicago Tribune, reached here after eleven o'clock, leaving Bull Run at four p.m. He says the day's battle " exceeds everything of the kind in the history of this country." When he left, our troops were in between Bull Run batteries and Manassas. One of the New York correspon dents is just in. lie left the scene of battle at five p.m; when our columns had been reinforced and the Union forces were pressing on Manassas. When this gentleman left we had the Bull Run batteries, and were fighting at five miles to right in advance of them. Colonel Hunter was wounded in the faco and has been brought in here. WASHINGTON, Midnight. Colonel Hunter's column did all the fighting at Bull Run for the first hour, and was used up badly. The Rhode Island and three Connecticut regiments were in the fight. Colonel Slocum, of the Rhode Island Second, was killed. The members and senators who came in, as Iva; as the civilians, vary in their estimate of the num• ber killed from three hundred to three thousand The facts cannot be ascertained. WASHINGTON, July 22, 12.15. The New York Zouaves charged gallantly three times with bayonets on the rebels, when their ranks were broken by a charge of Virginian cavalry. At seven p.m. couriers returning from Manassas heard cannonadin g. Troops have been sent from here to reinforce General M'Dowell, and if we have not possession of Manassas to-night the fight will be renewed in the evening. All the civilians who have come in agree that the rebels have an immense force. 1 30. A.M. The New York Sixty-ninth Ellsworth Zouaves, New York Fourteenth, New York Seventy-first, New York Eighth, and New York Seventy-ninth, are the regiments which stood the brunt of the battle in Colonel Hunter's division, and are severely cut up. WASHINGTON, JULY 21. The following bulletins were received in official quarters during the progress of the battle from the Telegraph Station, about four miles from Bull Run : FAIRFAX COURT HOUSE, SUET 21, 11 A.N. There is rapid firing from heavy guns, and fre quent discharges of musketry. 11 40 A.M. The fighting is very heavy, and apparently more on our left wing. 11 60 A.M. There is evidently a battle toward our left, in the direction of Bull Ruu and a little north. The firing is very rapid and heavy. 1 45.—Heavy guns are heard again, and ap parently nearer. Tha musketry is heavy and nearer. 2 P 31.—The musketry is very heavy, and draw ing much nearer. There is evidently a movement more to our left. 245 P.M.—The firing apparently in th e d irection of the Junction. Less h eav y guns an d more light artillery, as near as I can judge. is a little furth er o ff, and 3 P.M.—The firing has ceased ten minutes since. 335 P.M.—The firing has almost entirely ceased r ope fc A. Sp, N z : 4r. / i01ic,,,,,, kb out am F t 4 4 : 1 , 14 7k) th se,,„ 1,441;:ci I , S PA Thee oldiev at C, ret reat order. retr eat he col oilers quieg 3 They , ahort Our. well as The Passiiii The Ti " t a " Rh) V t t , t , to Th, k m, of t; 4toi 4 Of tte