The Sun. — London, England, 1842-06-09 00:00:00

but ,S L" N-OFFI CE, Seven o' Clock. PE RIAL PARLIAMENT. (THIS EVENING.) HOUSE OF LORDS. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the Wool sack shortly after Five o'Clock. Several tills on the table were forwarded a stage. INCOME TAX. The Earl of YARBOROUGH presented a petition from the county of Lincoln against the Income Tax. POOR LAWS. Earl STANHOPE presented petitions from Essex against the New Poor-law. MACHINERY. Earl STANHOPE presented a petition from the sawyers of Manchester, against the use of machinery, and praying for relief. ANATOMY BILL. Earl STANHOPE gave notice that he would, on Tuesday next, present a petition numerously signed en the subject of the Anatomy Bill. He did not mean to raise any discussion on the subject, but merely to give an opportunity to persons interested in the matter to offer such statements as they may think fit. FINES AND RECOVERIES BILL. On the motion of Lord WHARNCLIFFE this Bill was read a third time and passed. On the motion of the LORD CHANCELLOR, thE• Jurisdiction of Justice Bill was read a third time and pased. Lord 'WESTERN presented a petition from the to' nof 11 - ea Men, against the Income-tax. Also, a petition from ColcheSter against the reduction of the Protective Duties on Seeds. Also, a similar petition from the farmers assembled at Newmarket, and a petition to the same effect from Blackwall, in Lord LORTON presented a petition from the county of Cavan, in Ireland, against the National System of Education in that country. The Earl of STANHOPE made some observations relative to the motion made by the Earl of Radnor, a few evenings ago, of the number of advances made by the Government for the relief of the distress of the country. CII IL DECREES BILL (IRELAND.) This Bill went through Committee. The House then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS. There being only thirty-four Members prevent at Four &Clock, the house was adjourned till to-morrow. SUICIDE OF LORD' CONGLETON. it appears that the unfortunate Nobleman had for some time past been in a low, desponding state of mind, and lisfl inconsequence been under medical treatment ; but the causes of his mental depression were supposed to be purely physical, for it did not appear that there existed any others which could account for his thjeetion ; and us his Lordship contiuutd to take his regular exercise, and obs/rve his accustomed hours and habits—which were remarkable for their punctual regularity—no sus picion eve: entered the heads of any, of his family, his friends or domestics, that he contemplated laying violent hands upon himself: llis Lordship had retired to bed on Tuesday night at his usual time, and rose yesterday morning between eight and nine o'clock. A barber attended to shave him Shortly after nine, and on his departure his Lordship was left alone in his dressing-room, as it was supposed en gaged in the act of dressing himself ; but the butler, some short time afterwards, having gone into the room was horror struck at discovering his master suspended by the neck, and quite dead. The alarm was instantly given, and medicull assistance procured, but it was of no avail, for life's subtle spark was extinct. It is difficult to say whether the melancholy occurrence more excited the feeling of surprise or of horror when this discovery was made ; for, as was remarked by some of the family, he was the very last moan who could have been supposed likely to have committed such an act, being a person of FAnguiar equanimity and mildness of manners. The ]hind had, however, doubtless lost its Wance, awl lie had ceased to be master of his own actions. INQUEST ON THE BODY. Ar. inquest, which did not terminate until four o'clock afternoon, was held before Mr. Wel(ley, the Coroner, f.,,nd a Jury consisting chiefly of County Magistrates, upon the remains of Henry Brooke Parnell, Baron Con gieton, at his Lordship's residence, No. 43 Cadogan place, Chel.zea. The Coroner having taken evidence of the deceased Nobleman being found suspended to the bed post in his sleeping chamber at half-past 9 o'clock yesterday morning, by nis valet Manning, and of prompt medical assist ance having been called in, he proceeded to examine the Hon. John Parnell, his Lordship's eldest son, as to the state of the deceased Nobleman's mind. The witness stAted that in the early part of the month of April last his father had a severe attack of fever, which brought on delirium, and from that period his Lordship had been attended by Mr. Bolton, a surgeon, and occasionally by Dr. Clambers. The Coroner asked the jury if he should adjourn the inquest for the attendance of Mr. Bolton, or if they would like to have the second son of the deceased Noble man examined ; but, as they made no reply, be briefly summed up, and observed that it was their duty to in quire in all cases, when a person was found hanging, whether it was the act of himself or not. The Coroner then expressed, at some length, his abhorrence at the barbarous state of the law in providing punishment upon the dead, in cases of self-murder, and after some further observations, the Jury returned a verdict of " Temporary Imanity." THE ILAITE COUNT DE LAS CASES. Emmanuel Count de Las Cases, Marquis of Caussade, traced his issue to a noble family, one branch of which, established in Spain, produced the A cry worthy and noted Bishop of Chiapa, Barthelemy de Las Casas, whose historic and other works have long placed him in the first degree of literary eminence. _ At the period, antecedent to the revolution, Las Cases was an officer of Marine. At the time, how er, when the nobles of the country emigrated in great numbers from France, Las Cases in 1791, became one of their number. He then made the campaign of 1792 in the capacity of a simple volun teer, and afterwards embarked at Rotterdam, and finally came to London. While in our metropolis he sedulously applied himself to the compilation and arrangement of a large historical and geographical Atlas (Atka( Historique et Geographique), which he published under the pseudonym of " Lesage." At the close of 1779, Las Cases returned to France, where he for some time carried on the trade of a bookseller; and in 1804 published in a new form his " Atlas," which he had subsequently much enlarged and brought to some degree of perfection. Warmly attached to Napoleon, he was made by the latter a Baron of the Empire in 1808, and begged permission to make, as a volunteer only, the Antwerp campaign in the following year. After, this expe dition, he was appointed Chamberlain to the Emperor, alul subsequently, a Master of Requests, in the section of the Marine. some time afterwards he was charged with a mission into Holland, and in 1811 presided at the Council for the Liquidation of the Public Debts in the Illyrian Provinces. After the disasters of Waterloo, Napoleon having been compelled a second time to quit France, M. de Las Cases, solicited permission to accompany him, as he followed him to St. Helena, with one of his sous. His society was both a resortrce and a conso-• lation to the proscribed. Motional ; and during thispe- • rind he taught the Emperor the English language, and wrot_e, under his dictation, several historical me moirs. For eauses which cannot be examined into or developed in a memoir of this nature, Las Cases was arrested,lwith his son, on the!.l7th of November, 1816, by order of Sir Hudson Lowe, and conveyed to the Cape of Good Hope, where he suffered a long captivity. Being conducted from thence into England, he was cast upon the continent, and wan dered about some time escorted as a prisoner. On 'his arrival at Frankfort, liberty was granted him under the protection of Austria. For two years he and then returned to F rance , sojourned in Belgiu m, where he occupied himself in his retreat by putting in,order the documents which he had brought from St. Helena. The two first of his Memoirs appeared in the . January of 1823, and are too well known to the reading world to need further reference to their contents. Allusion was once before made to the conduct of the Belgian authorities relative to their interference in the rivalry existing between the English and the Be l g ian steam- Tess,'ls at present engaged in the conveyance of passengers from Ostend and Antwerp, and we have now received a letter,_ a _ nbow, which states that the last English steamer thence, the Rainbow, suffered considerable annoyance from one of the water-bailiffs stationed at Antwerp, on her home-bound passage. It appears that the Rainbow was put on at the regular hour, and was preparing to start accordingly, when it was announced to the Captain by the water-bailiff that he could not go at that time, hot must either to a quarter of an hour before or after, as the Milian boat had fixed that hour for starting. The repre .entation of the injustice of the demand was in vain, and therefore the Captain at last- determined, at all hazards, to proceed on hia voyage at the hour fixed, which he did, despite the threats of the water •badiff and his assistants. This may be viewed as a ease in ilseit hardly deserving of mention, but when the principle it involves is seen, it will be acknowledged that, if not noticed in some qoarter, it mar give rise to other more tvrious inconveniences, th e d amage resulting from which. though perhaps in a certain degree recoverable in a court of lase, could, properly speaking, never be repaired. At the expiration of' two years from the introduc - ti on o f t h e Penny Postage, 31r. Rowland engagement with the Government will have expired. That gentleman, however, will still be retained at his present salary, and will i l i v e apartments fitted up in .5.t. Martin's -le-Grand, The German Journals announce the death of AL de wie.baitig, a Privy CoUtteellor of the King of Bavaria, at the age of 80, leaving a widow aged enlv 22, and two sons, one 51 years of age be a former marriage, and the other by h is l ag mar riage,only 11' months old. . . :•, - t . SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. GLOBE.—The accounts received within the last few days from Ireland and Scotland are painfully confirmatory of the fact, that in all the three divisions of the United Kingdom the extreme of distress is alarmingly prevalent. The people have been very justly complimented by certain Members of the Go vernment on the patience they have shown under their accumulated sufferings ; but we regret to observe that in Ireland force has been resorted to, and that a boat laden with meal has been attacked by the populace. As a temporary measure of relief, the issuing of the Queen's letter may have a good effect. But private benevolence will be found very inadequate to meet the evil which afflicts so large a portion of the community. In all directions employment appears to be diminishing, while the prices of provisions are everywhere on the rise ; and though the increased dearness of food is ob viously a great aggravation on the existing distress, we are told by Conservative writers that the people do not desire to have food at a cheap rate, but only re quire the money to purchase it. This might be true, if there were any hope that the measures of the present Government would make wages good, and employ ment plentiful. But, as far as the acts of the Mi nistry are likely to affect either one or the other, it is almost certain that the former will be lowered, and the latter curtailed, instead of receiving a fa vourable impetus. The reductions of Sir Robert Peel are almost all in the wrong direction—faci litating the importation of many articles which have hitherto afforded employment to the people ; and the Premier has been justly com plained of for his determination to put foreign in competition with English goods, while he refuses to allow to the manufacturers of the latter the advantage of cheap provisions, with which the introduction of continental rivalry ought in fairness to be accompanied. We are told that it is not a reduction in the price of food that is wanted, but an increase in the amount of employment. But this is false ; for full employment does not produce sufficient sustenance, and it never will, until the cost of living in this country is assimi lated to that of the continent. STANDARD.—Sir Robert Inglis last night pre sented a petition from certain electors of Nottingham, complaining of their indefinite disfranchisement by the suspension of the writ of election moved for upon Sir George Larpent's retirement, the petitioners denying that they knew anything of a corrupt compromise. This petition places the question of Mr. Roebuck's Committee in a somewhat new light. Up to the present time a writ has never been sus pended except upon a Report of an Election Com mittee, framed after a judicial inquiry upon sworn evidence. In the case of Nottingham and the other towns referred to Mr. Roebuck's Committee there has been no inquiry, and there can be no inquiry, upon sworn evidence : the writs are suspended upon a bare suggestion of a Member of the House that certain compromises have been made, and may be brought to ligl tby a proper investigation. Now, though there may be admitted a strong presumption that Mr. Roebuck will prove the facts that he has suggested, there remains the question whether the suspension of the writs is at all connected with his proving of the several cases. It does not at least at present appear that any such Con nexion exists. Supposing for argument's sake, the cor rupt compromises proveable, the compromise of the principals does not necessarily imply any corruption in the cmstituent. One can easily conceive a case in which the constituents may be the most injured party. There occurs to us an instance in point, which was much spoken ofabout teny - ears ago. An Irish county, Meath, was canvassed by two candidates—one a very popular agitator, now no more, and the other a Whig Nobleman. The agitator's success was believed to be certain, but on the eve of the election he disappeared, and his rival was returned without opposition. It was said that the successful nobleman had bought off his competitor by a large sum of money. The story was possibly, nay, for the honour of the deceased, we will say pro bably false ; but that the story was told proves the possibility of such an arrangement, which is, indeed, otherwise self evident. The presumption plainly is, that in a very numerous constituency such as that of Nottingham, the electors cannot be parties to a cor rupt compromise. Why then ought they to suffer by it even the affront of a temporary suspension of the writ? But, again, we are to inquire how can the suspension of the writ assist Mr. Roebuck's purpose of investigation ? Sir John Hobhouse is actually at this moment sitting for Nottingham upon the votes of these same electors, from whom the suspension of the writ withholds the opportunity of returning a second Member. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN SIR,—A short time back I bad the honour of delivering a farewell Address at the termination of my management of the Theatre Royal, Plymouth. The ,Address having been very generally noticed by the London and provincial press, I am compelled, in justice to distinguished members of the theatrical profession, to solicit some contradiction of an inaccuracy in the report of it. Whatever may be my opinion of the effects of the starring system on the provincial drama, I do not hold it honest to blame those who snake the most of the favour heaped on them by the public, and who, from their position, seldom seek managers, but vice versa. I copy from the Devonport Independent of May 14, what I really did say, speaking of Messrs. Kean and Macready : " These possessing first-rate attraction required first-rate re muneration. Ido not complain of this—it is only a fair return fur capital, for talent is the actor's capital. But this neces sarily decreases the manager's profits, as for weeks previous and sub'equent to this attraction, the business is virtually impaired by the engagement of the star.' Still, the labourer is worthy of his hire.' I never pay them grudgingly—it would be unjust to do so. From Mr. Kean—and lam happy to acknowledge it—l have received repeated acts of kindness. Twice in this very theatre he played for me for nothing, making me a pre sent of his share of the receipts. This was perfectly unsolicited, and most certainly unexpected." In other respects the report, I am sorry to say, presenting, as it does, a melancholy but correct view of provincial theatres, was correct. I am exceedingly sorry to trespass on your time or space by soliciting insertion of this, but I think, in justice to individuals, it is necessary.—l have the honour to be )onr obedient servant, May 31, 1842. J. C. HAY. EXPERIMENTS WITH LARGE GUNS AT DEAL. The preparations for making experiments on an extensive seale with large guns, on the coast betwixt Sandwich and Deal, are now nearly completed, and the experiments will be com menced in the course of the next or following week. Major Hardinge, K. H., and Captain Fyers, of the Royal Artillery, have proceeded to Deal, the latter to join Major 111 4 .13ean's company, by whom the experiments will be carried on. Major Hardinge, as senior officer, will have charge of the whole, and, from his great practical knowledge as an artillery officer, will be able to give correct reports of the details, and how far they may be likely to prove of an advantageous nature to the military and naval services of. this country. The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty and the Board of Ordnance have acted with a spirit of liberality in this matter worthy of the heads of these important branches of her Majesty's service, and have spared no personal exertion, in addition to the fullest instructions, for carrying on the experiments in the most effectual manner. The following guns, having been previously mounted on ship car riages at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, have been delivered at Deal, along with fifty rounds of balls, and cartridges for each:— One 68 pounder, weighing 112 cwt., on Lieut.-Colonel DutiOas's principle, removed from the Geyser steam frigate, to try its range on land one 56 pounder, weighing 97 cwt., on Mr. Monk's principle; one 56 ditto, weighing 85 cwt., on Mr. Monk's principle; one 42 ditto, weighing 80 cat., on Mr. Monk's principle; one 10 inch gun, weighing 85 cwt., on General Millar's principle; one 8 inch ditto, weighing 65 cwt., on General Millar's principle. Several magnificent guns of a very large calibre, capable of containing solid shot of 1301bs. weight, were recently cast at the foundry of Messrs. Walker and Co., for Mehemet Ali, Dacha of Egypt, and proved at the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich. The founders of these guns having expressed a wish to have the range of one of them tried to its utmost extent, their desire has been complied with, and a suitable ship-carriage, and one of Messrs. Walker's guns will be forwarded to Deal for that purpose. A 32 pounder gun, weighing 50 cwt., and a splendid 32 pounder brass howitzer, constructed on a plan of Lieut.- Colonel Dundas (Inspector of Artillery), will also be forwarded at the same time for the purpose of having their qualities re ported upon. CONTINENTAL FORGERS AND SWINDLERS.—For some time past (says the Gazette des Tribunaur of Satur day) a great number of forged notes have been in circulation in Cologne, Mentz, London, and Paris, without any exact information being obtained as to the forgers. From an inti mation afforded by the various money-changers, bankers, and others, who had suffered by the fraud, it was at length sus pected that the issuers of the notes were a company of foreigners moving in high society, of elegant manners and good educa tion. The clue to the mystery was lately given by the arrest of D—, a young Polish lady of great beauty and elegance of appearance, who some shurt time back had taken a house at Passy, where she was visited by a number of fo reigners, particularly a M. It—, with whom she made several journeys to England and Prussia. From information given to the Prefect of Police, a warrant was imued against the lady, which was executed at the same moment that a search was made by the officers of justice at the residence of 11. It—, Rue de Monsieur-)e-Prince. The gentleman had fled, but left behind a voluminous correspondence, which gave such exact information respecting the accomplices of the plot, that it was impossible they could escape. This was transmitted to England and Prussia, and a number of arrests were in con sequence effected, at the same time, at Dusseldorf, Cologne, Mentz, London, and Edinburgh, and thus this hitherto suc cessful association has been broken up.—[The whole details of this affair were exclusively published in the Morning Post, so far back as the 12th and 13th of January last, and our accounts of the conspiracy saved the mercantile and banking community from great losses. The name of the lady was Madame Danelle; her maiden name was Minierska. Her accomplice was named Romanzow ; he has not yet been taken. Pressel, who was supposed to be an accomplice, established that he was ignorant of Romanzow's forgeries, and he has been released.—Note ED. Morning Post.] We are glad to perceive that the example so promptly set by her Majesty, of contributing to the pressing wants of the distressed manufacturers, has been followed by tithe: s of high rank and station. The Queen Dowager has forwarded :31.01. to the Committee; and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, 200/. The Bank of England gives 5001. and the Mercers' Company 2001., and we hope to find other public bodies in the lists. The amount received exceeds MAIN., but the sum, to be available in any degree commensurately with the wants it is intended to relieve, must double and treble this. The names of the Committee affo rd a suffi cient guarantee that the sums placed at their disposal will be judi ciously and in the most useful way. TREATMENT Or CRIMINALS.—Sir Peter . refusing an application on Tuesday, respecting a prisoner, mentioned that Francis, who is in Ncwgate for shooting at the'' Queen; had applied to him to be indulged with a mattress, which he had refused, telling Francis that he need not look for any better treatment than the poorest man in the gaol. He had ise notion of making great favourites of great criminals. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDA EVENING, JUNE 9, 1842. STEAM NAVIGATION IN THE PACIFIC. The progress a steam navigation in the Pacific Ocean, set on foot 'by the enterprise of British mer chants, and calculated to be of so much service to this country, is shown in some interesting correspon dence lately received. In addition to the coal mines previously worked, further supplies have been ob tained from the Island of Amortajado, where a light house is in course of erection. Nothing can be more likely to promote tranquillity among the republics of South America than a good system of coasting com munication, such as steamers afford. _ _ The following letter relates to the discovery of coal at Santa. Clara : "P.S.N.C. steamer Chile, Guayaquil, Nov. 1841. " TO VINCENTE ROCAFOERTE, ESQ., GOVERNOR, &C. " Sir,—l have the honour to inform you that after embarking the lighthouse frames, iron work, lantern, &c., on a balsa, we. took it in tow in the Guayas (a small steamer intended for navigation of the river of Guyaquil), and proceeded to the island of Santa Clara (or Amortajado), where we arrived on the evening of Sunday last, and with very great difficulty, owing to a heavy surf, succeeded in landing everything by Monday night. " having superintended laying the foundation, I proceede in the Guayas to . the Payana Shoals, leaving the prosecution of the work in the hands of Captain Rojas and Mr. Girdon ; and during Tuesday laid down a black buoy, bearing a staff and ball, fifteen feet high, off the extremity to the outermost and most projecting spit, the position of which, together with that of the lighthouse and the other buoys, I beg to hand you herewith annexed. We anchored off Mr. Cope's house, at Punta Espanola, on Tuesday evening, completed our water for the use of the island, and took off the two white buoys left here by Captain Rojas, in the Diligencia, by midnight. On the following morning I visited the top of the Cerro Mala, in company with Mr. Cope, to observe the best stations for telegraphs, and to examine the nature of this part of the island of Puna geologi-: cally ; and from what I saw and examined I ma led to believe that coal exists there. I have pointed,out to Mr. Cope the spot I consider the most likely to find a • vein, which that gentleman intends searching for without loss of time. The best places for telegraph stations I have enumerated in the appendix. " I take this opportunity of stating that I consider Punta Espanola a place well adapted for steamers or other vessels getting supplies of fuel and water, which are of the best description, and a wharf or mole may be easily constructed. " We left Punta Espanola on Wednesday at two p.m., and placed one white buoy on the N.E. spit of the shoal (called in Spanish Bajo Male.), and then proceeded to look for the shoal said to exist off Punta .hennas, which after much trouble, time, and pa tience, we had the good fortune to find, and laid down the other white buoy off its S.E. extremity. This is a very dangerous shoal, and I should strongly recom mend that whenever an opportunity offers a balsa should be moored on the spot the buoy now occupies, carrying a light elevated 50 or 60 feet above the level of the sea, and the buoy removed to the middle of the Mala Shoal. I should likewise recom mend that a black buoy should as soon as possible be placed on the spit of the shoal lying off the mouth of Balao river.; one also on the shoal lying 14 miles E. of Punta Mandinga (or Puna Bluff), which is sometimes dry, and another black buoy close to the west side of the sunken rock laying off Punta Piedra, which would complete the navigation of this noble river, and render it safe and secure. Whenever the trade of the port shall warrant it, a revolving light on Punta Mandinga (or Puna Bluff) would be very serviceable to lead vessels up to Puna in the night. " We returned to. the Island of Santa Clara, or Amortajado, on Thursday morning; and at five p. m., the frames being all up, we had the honour to drink your Excellency's health, and success to the repub of Ecuador; and the flag of the nation being at the same moment unfurled from the top of the lighthouk it was immediately saluted by the guns of the schooner of war Diligencia. The light will be permanently lit on the Ist of December next. " As all- our energies have been directed to the erection of the lighthouse, which to carry to the top of the'hill was a work of great lahour, no search has been yet made for the vein of coal or water ; but I beg herewith to hand you further specimens of what I procured from a stratum of carbonaceous schist last evening, about 100 feet above the level of the sea ; and I set four men to sink a pique (shaft) before I came away, in a spot I think likely to strike the vein. " I have much pleasure in stating that I have re ceived the greatest assistance from Capt. 'Doyle, Capt. Rojas, and Mr. Gordon ; and I have the honour to be your Excellency's most obedient servant (Signed) " GEORGE PEACOCK." To which the subjoined reply was received : (Translation.) Letter from Dr. Vicente Recafuerte to George Pea cock, Esq., Commander of the steamer Chile, and Second Superintendent of the Pacific Steam Navi gation Company in the Pacific. " Guayaquil, Nov. 1841. " Much-esteemed Sir,—lt has afforded me great pleasure to receive the communication you have been pleased to address to me, under date of the 10th inst., furnishing me with a detailed and minute account of the voyage which, at my suggestion, you had the goodness to undertake to the island of Amortajado, for the purpose of there erecting a lighthouse. In that voyage you have not only realised but even exceeded our most sanguine hopes, for you have resolved the problem, that on our coast coal is to be found, being the only obstacle that timid and unenterprising minds have opposed to the successful result of steam navigation in the Pacific. I give you my most cordial congratulations for so important a discovery, and, should you have time to explore our territory, I feel assured that your talent, in conjunction with your enlightened activity, will meet with new objects worthy of the considera tion of the wise English, and probably conducing still more to facilitate steam navigation. "The samples of coal you have brought from the island, and which you have had the polite attention to send to me, have appeared very excellent to all those aquainted with the matter, who have examined them ; and as no doubt now exists that this mineral is to be. met with in the island of Amortajado, we feel assured that it is also to be found in the adjacent island of La Puna, and that it will likewise be met with in the island of Santa Elena, as well as on the coast of Choco. " I flatter myself that by following your suggestions we shall find fresh water in the island. The yerba de salvage, or dye-lichen, you have sent to me is like wise of a very good quality. With regard to the guano, we shall examine it, and see what it is. At all events, as far as we are concerned, it is a new article from which we may derive some commercial advan- tages. " It is a fortunate circumstance to have discovered the coal mine whilst seeking out the most favourable spot for erecting a lighthouse ; and this new discovery evidently proves the correctness of the calculations that have served asa basis for executing the noble and magnificent undertaking of steam navigation in the Pacific, and further contributes to ensure the future interests of the Company, and to favour the progress of commerce and science in general. The establishment of steam navigation in the Pacific, secure as it now is, is in effect to have brought by the route of the Isthmus of Panama, Europe and Xmerica, close to each other ; and to have placed the secret treasures and wonders of nature in this part of the new world under the view and direct investigation of the savans of Europe. " I shall avail myself of all the observations you have had the goodness to make for the purpose of cor recting the defects of the Guayas, and putting her, as you recommend, in good .sailing order. This is another important service you have rendered us ; and it is particularly agreeable to me to acknowledge that, from the arrival of the steamer Chile in this river, every day that you and Mr. Wheelwright have re mained with us has been marked by some act of public utility—thanks to the talent, zeal, and firmness of both of you in promoting the advantages of this river navigation. We shall be indebted to you for the erec tion of the lighthouse, the discovery of coal in the island of Amortajado, the finding of the dye-lichen, and the guano ; and, in fine, for the new method of buo y s, invented by you for avoiding the ri ver s h oa l s . "Guided by the purest sentiments of gratitude towards you, and entertaining ardent wishes for your individual good fortune, and the prosperity of the Pacific Steam Navigation Company, I have the honour to subscribe myself, your most faithful ser vant and devoted friend, (Signed) " V. ROCAFUERTE." In a pecuniary point of view it is satisfactory to find that the English have not embarked their capital in promoting . steam navigation on the Pacific without a prospect of a profitable return, which is shown in the following extract from the log of the Chile, for December, 1841 : " Dec. 27th.--Left Callao with 86 passengers, and 35,000 dollars. " 28th —At 6 a.m. ' altillored at Pisco, landed 33 passengers, took on bqPIE - 56 packages, and sailed again at 8 a.m. " 30th—At 6 a.m. anchored at Islay, landed 21 passengers and 16.5 packages; took on board 9 pas sengers, 150 packages, and 3,000 dollars, and sailed at 2 p.m. " 31st—At 6 a.m. arrived off Arica, landed 8 pas sengers and 133 packages ; took on board 10 passen gers, 145 packages, and 500 dollars, and sailed at haltkpast 10 p.m. " Jan. Ist--At 9 a.m. anchored at Iquique, landed 5 !engers, 76 packages, and 14,000 dollars ; took o'n,hp'a'rd 3 passengers, .1 package, and 2,520 dollars, via(r salJed again at noon. t.'.2c.1.--At 6 a.m. anchored at Col,:ja, landed 3 pas- Ferigers and 101 packages ; took on iioard 1 package, 442 dollars, and 3 passengers; sailed again at 1 p.m. 1 " 4th—At 4 a.m. anchored at Copiapo, landed 1 passenger, and took on board 17, -8 packages, 8,567 marks of silver, and 1,500 dollars; sailed again at 10 a.m. _ _ _ "At 6 p.m. anchored at Masco ; took on board twenty-one passengers and 2,999 marks of silver ; and sailed at 9 p.m. "sth—At 10 a.m. anchored at Coquimbo; landed four packages ; took on board twelve passengers, 146 packages, and ten tons of coal ; and sailed at 10 p.m. "7th—At 6 a.m. arrived off the Light-house of Valparaiso, having been eight days at sea, and two and a half ill port. " 10th—Proceeded to Talcahuano to coal, and re turned to ValparaiSo on the 17th. "21st—Left Valparaiso at 3 p.m., with fifty-two passengers, 1,590 packages, thirty tons of coal beyond what was required for her consumption, a large quantity of baggage, 30,000 dollars in specie, and 2,000 letters. " Jan. 22—Arrived at 'Coquimbo at 2 30 p.m.; landed 6 passengers, 5 bales, and 986 dollars; re ceived on board la passengers, 13 bales, and 6,900 dollars ; left at 5 30 in the evening. " 23d--At 7 a.m. arrived at Huaseo ; landed 19 passengers, 6 bales, and 1,725 dollars, and left at 930 a.m. At 6 p.m. of the same day arrived at Co piapo ; landed .18. passengers and 42 packages ; took on board 2 passengers and 5 packages ; and sailed again at 9 1.5 pan. - " 25th—Arrived at - 4 p.m. at Cobija ; landed 1 pas senger and 45 bales'; and sailed again at 9 p.m. " 26th—At 3 p.m. arrived at Iquique ; landed 1 passenger, 69 packages, and 30,940 dollars ; took on board 2 passengers ; and sailed at 5 pan.. " 27th—At 7 a.m. arrived at Arica, and found the port blockaded by the Peruvian corvette. Yungay, and were prohibited.fMn approaching the coast, or landing a single pass - anger, bale, or letter ; proceeded for Ylo, and arrived there at 7 30 p.m. ; landed 6 passengers, 319 packages, and 8,620 dollars ; and at 5 45 a.m. on the 28th continued our voyage. " 28th—At 45 minutes past noon arrived at Islay; landed 6 passengers and 230 packages ; took on board 41 'passengers, 41 packages, and 27,800 dollars ; and sailed at 8 30 p.m. " 29th—Saw Port Lomas, but did not communicate. " 30th—Soon after midnight arrived at Pico; took on board 17 . passengers and 30 packages, and sailed at 4 p.m. " 31st—Arrived at Callao at 8 a.m., and landed 94 passengers. " The gross receipts of the round voyage, performed in 35 days, including all stoppages, amounted to nearly 18,000 dollars. CHARACTERISTICS OF ENGLISH . COUN TIES. Dr. Fuller's remarks on our English counties, scattered up and down the pages of his "Worthies," are no less quaint than characteristic in their ex pression. A few of them brought together may not prove unamusing to our country friends. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.—This county has as little waste ground as any in England, except the Whiter ing-heath, which, nevertheless, is a beauty-spot. Northamptonshire has, therefore, been described as an apple, without core to cut out, or rind to be peeled away. NORTHUMBERLAND.—With regard to buildings, there are few fabrics here ; the vicinity of the Scots made them build not for state, but strength. Where fore it was the rule with the houses of the gentry to be " Quot mawciones, tot munitiones," as being all castles, or castle-like. BRISTOL.—More truly named Bright-Stow, that is, illustrious, or bright dwelling. SUFFOLK. Excellent cheeses are made herein, the finest of which are very thin, as if intended not for food, but digestion ; the Cambridge men are fond of them, and scholars' palates are by no means incompe tent judges. SURREY.—This county has been compared to a cinnamon tree, whose bark is better than its body; so the skirts and borders bounding this shire are rich and fruitful, whilst the grounds in the interior are rather barren. SUSSEX.—The iron of this county formerly made many great guns : Count Gondomar entreated King James to let him export them, knowing their excellence. LINCOLNSHIRE.—This county is, in shape, like a a bent bow. The sea making the 'back ; the rivers Welland and Humber, the two horns of it, while Trent hangs down from the latter like a broken string, as being somewhat of the shortest. WESTMINSTER.—This city was anciently called Thorney, and afterwards West-minster, for distinction from St. Paul's, called, in ancient times, East-minster. NORFOLK.—This county has the most churches of any in England, amounting to .six hundred and sixty.. RUTLANDSHIRE.—There is a fable relating to this county of King Rott, and a conceit that it is named Rutland from Root, the French word for a wheel, its shape being nearly orbicular. Others say it' is so .termed, as if Red-land, for a red tincture discolours the earth, stones, and even the fleeces of the sheep feeding there. SOME RSETSHIRE.—Some say that it derives its ' name from its pleasant and equable temperature, and is so called from its - summer-ish nature ; but it is named from Summerton; the most ancient town in the county. WARWICKSHIRE.—It has been said, no less truly than merrily, of this shire, that "it is the heart, but not the core of England," since it has nothing coarse or choaky therein. WESTMORELAND.—" Here" says the giant Topo grapher, " is cold comfort from nature, but somewhat of warmth froin industry. That the land is barren, is God's pleasure : the people painful, their praise." WILTSHIRE.--A pleasant country, and of great variety. A wise man once said of it, that an ox left to himself would, of all England, live in the north; a sheep in the south ; and a man, in the middle, be twixt both. DEvois:sitinE:—Of the gentry of this goodly pr.- vince, Queen Elizabeth used to say, " they were all born courtiers, with a becoming diffidence.' ESSEX. —The parts adjoining the sea are called the " Hundreds of Essex," and are fruitful in cattle. The wits of the county much astonish strangers with the stock of poor people in these parts, five hundred cows, nine hundred sheep, which are, indeed, but five cows and nine sheep, in this part called " the Hundreds." . BERKSHIRE.— Anciently this county is said to have borne the name of narkshire, and was so called from a stripped or bark-bared oak, to which signal place the people repaired in time of trouble to make their general defence. BEDFORDSHIRE.- -The barley of this county has beyond the memory of man been noted as white, large, plump, and full of flowers. Bucic INGHAMSHIRE.—Buckingham, the chief town, after which the shire is named, derives itself from beeches (in the Saxon tongue, buccen), growing plentifully in this country. One asked, when beech would make the, best timber, meaning what season of the year was best to cut it down for that purpose : it was answered that "beech would make the best timber, when no oak was to be had," a time which will some day befal us. CHESHIRE.—Named from its cheeses. Here the hardiest kine make the tenderest cheese. CORNWALL.—This county has its name from it: horn-shape, cornu, and from the inhabitants, wall, meaning strangers, f or th e i n h a bit an t s o f the county were so reputed by their neighbours. GLOUCESTERSIIIIIE.—Some say that this shire was anciently the most fruitful portion of all England; and they say now that such is the fertility of the soil near Slimbridge, that in spring -time, let it be bit bare to the roots, a wand laid there overnight will be covered with new-grown grass by the morning. HERTFORDSHIRE.—This has Leen accounted the garden of England for delight, and men commonly said of it, that such as buy a house in Hertfordshire pa r two years purchase for the air thereof. ii.ENT.—The chief hop and cherry plantation of England. LINcoLNSIIIRE.—The clergy were accustomed to consider that they would have a Lincolnshire church, as best built, a Lancashire parish, as largest bounded, ands London. audience, as consisting of the most intel ligent people. MATRIMONIAL BALANCE.—An American Paper lately related the following anecdote :—" Not long since a reverend clergyman in Vermont, being apprehensive that the accumulated weight of snow upon the roof of his barn might do some damage, was resolved to prevent it, by reason ably shovelling it off. • He therefore ascended it , having first, for fear the snow m ight all slide off at once, and himself with it, fastened to his waist one end of a rope, and given the other to his wife. He went to work, but fearing still for his safety, ' My dear,' said he, ' tie the rope round your waist.' No sooner had she done this, than off went the snow, poor minister and all, and up went his wife. ilhus on one side of the barn the astounded and confounded clergprian hung, but on the other side hung his wife, high and dry, in majesty sublime, dingling and dangling at the end of the rope. At that moment, however, a gentleman luckily passing by, delivered them from this perilous situation." Tin; exiDt..—We have had an opportunity of exa mining the crops, pretty accurately, within the last three weeks, througheut the counties of Antrim, Derry, Donegal, Fermanagh, Monaghan, Tyrone, and Armagh. Wheat, every. where, is excellent: a few heads, in car, have been left at our office, from the lower ground of Killead, bordering on Lough Neagh, which is clay ground. The wheat tillage is luxuriant, and the ground well covered. The oat crop is very uneven, n o o e el a l partial f a il ures b e i ng o b ser vable everywhere. This failure is althoughin y instances, n the s t a early nces attributed to the operations of a grub on the young roots. W .hare seen ma n y field s re -suvm.vnih. Italian grass-seeds; and, had be en sown . ' Webave heard afailures in the potatoe c rop; statelate teufrtniave been planted where oils the °slip will not allow us to pro nounce ;decided in Monaghan, opinion on great quantities are 's ow n.— the subject. Flax, everywhere, looks well; 1,. The North ern Whig (Belfast. paper) of Tuesday. .. SURRENDER OF A BUSBAND.—The extraordi nary scene of a w if e surren d er i ng her husband to justice took pla ce in the H u ll P o li co •Court on Monday week, where James Situp son was ch arge d by Frances, A h 4 wife, with being a d eserter from the 17th F oo ' : . Th e egistrates refused to take her evi eenee. Police Inspector Coulhami however, bad' been in the same regrifieLt, Li .Li k.lev.- roc prl - caterto be a deserter .' l e , ~-,•;,;; ' therefore detain e d, an d informalioa scut tg the Horse Guards. ' York Courant. U c; (From the Bombay Times.) We have within the last three months had constafli occasion to notice the enormous diZeulty of procuring camels, at present experienced in Seinde and on the Sutlej—wherever, in fact, we chance to require their services in moving our armies. - We formerly stated that the destruction of these invaluable animals, betwixt November, 1838, and . November, 1841, must .have • amounted ",to above 50,000, and we gave the details of 43.400, ascertained to have been destroyed. We observe it stated by a Peshawur Correspondent of the Delhi Gazette, that the - force under General Pollock will re quire a supply of at least 30,000, and he probably is not greatly above the mark, though we, in our own specula tions, have assumed one-third of this to be sufficient for the present. Thirty thousand camels moving ha a single string—as they must do along "the gallery near Ali Musjid, similar to the well-known passes of the Simplon, where a road of 12 feet wide traverses for two miles along the face of the rock, the lofty mountain rising like a wall on one side, and a fearful precipice yawning on the ,ther ;"* or the eIfiSMS and defiles of Khoord Caubul--- t ill • form a string of animals 66 miles long. Where they are to be found in the first place, or how in the second they are to be protected, it seems impossible to divine ; but these arc nut the points on which we are at present Shout to enter—General Polleck joust see to them. Camels will carry a load of 4001b5., but that which is generally imposed on them rarely exceeds 3001bs. They are unfit fur use until six years old, thOugh of late much jounger animals than this have been pressed into the service. If a load of above 1001bs. or 1501bs. be im posed on them, they are very quickly destroyed. Until the pressure which las of late become prevalent began to be experienced, she camels were rarely used any where as beasts of burden. In Seinde and Beloechistetn in particular, no labour of aniN sort was ever assigned to !hem. Of late, they have, like the males, been pressed into the service ; and mothers with young, or with a suckling at their side, may now be seen trudging along with the rest. We have already extinguished nearly one third of the male camel population in these parts ; and we are now busily engaged in annihilating the hopes of .s future generation. All these things are formidable enough, and sufficiently fraught with danger in themselves ; but we have as yet .looked to the destruction of thee in valuable creatures only as mischievous inasmuch as it annihilates our military carriage, and clogs and arrests the movements of our armies. But war, however pro tracted, must at length have an end. When our armies retire on India, the drain of camels will cease : in convenience experienced from the difficulty Of obtaining them, now so injurinus to our movements, will then come to a close. But here the evils occasioned by the n i 'lief already done only begin to be felt. - The camel has been well called the " ship of the desert :" he is the only beast of burden who can travel over the arid tracts which shirt the whole north-west of India. from Goezerat to flelhi. Destroy this means of conveyance, and no substitute can be found for it. The merchant navy of the interior is annihilated, and, unlike the restoration of artificial vehicles, its replace ment cannot be: accelerat , d, and must be the work of time. Thus at once, by our military operations beyond the Indus, is extinguished the means and the poss'bility trafiicing in the interior within the Indus. The up country merchants cannot purchase from us ; should they desire to do so, they find that we have stripped them of the means of carrying their purchases away. According to Charles Masson 's returns ( Times, July 24, 1841), there were 6,500 camel loads of goods annually imported into Affghanistan from India and the Punjaub before the outbreak of the war. '1 his commerce must. for the present in a great measure . cease, just because we haVe destroyed their beasts of burden, by means of which alone the transport of goods could be effected. But simultaneously with thiS we have thrown unbounded wealth into ,the hands of the Affghans—riches of which their wildest imagination never dreamed ; that a large proportion of this will for the present "be hoarded up, according to immemori:d usage, cannot be disputed. The wants of the Affghaus are fen' and very simple ; but still such as they are, with the usual sources of supply cut off from them by the suicida hands of those who annihilated, while they pro- feised to labour to increase their commercial Miter course, and, with the means of choosing another mar ket, how are we to wonder at the statement of Sir Alex. Burnes, that the trade of Russia with Central Asia has: doubled within the last two years ? Why, in two years more, it would be no marvel should it double again. Yt will take a generation to draw out from its receptacles the wealth we have flung arcund us. We seem now labouring with all our might to prevent its ever re turning to ,India. Russia never yet produced a state's man who laboured so hard, so systematically and suc cessfully in her service as Lord Auckland and his ad visers have done. If there be wealth, or honour,- or gratitude at the Court of Nicholas, ly ought to be heaped by the hands of the now triumphant Ciar, in boundless profusion, on the heads of those who have bestowed on him all his victories—who have, of their own accord, surrendered the armies, the riches, and the power of India voluntarily into his hands ! * We have employed the words of Captain H avelock, 2, page 183 ; and Hough, and Fane, and INlooreroft, and the other writers who have traversed the pass, speak in exactly the tante terms of it. • NOTTINGHAM PETITION The following is a copy of the petition presented by Sir Robert Inglis last night " TO THE HON. THE HOUSE OF COMMONS IN PARLIAMENT ASSEUBLED. " The Petition of the undersigned Electors of the Town and Borough of Nottingham. " Humbly showeth,,-That your petitioners have learned from the printed votes of your Hon. House that, on the sth . day of the month of May, in the present year, a vacancy was occasioned in the representation of their town and borough, in. consequence of Sir George Gerard do Hochepied Larpent, one of the burgesses elected to represent it in this present Parlia ment, having accepted the office of one of her Majesty's stewards of the Chiltern Hundreds. " That in consequence of the vacancy thus occasioned, your' petitioners expected that ycur Hon. House would have forth with directed the Clerk of the Crown to issue a new writ to the sheriff of the town and county of the town of Notting ham, ordering him to take the usual legal measures for the election of a burgess to serve in the present Parliament for the said borough ; but that up to the present moment, your Hon. House has abstained from ;riving any such direc tions, to the great disappointment and manifest grievance of your petitioners. , That your yetitioners have been informed, and verily believe, that the writ for a new election for the town and borough of Nottingham—which they claim as a right and privilege belonging to the said borough, of which they ought not, and cannot, be legally divested, at the arbitrary wid and pleasure of any single branch of the Legislature—has heel' withheld from them on the mere surmise and allegation of an individual Memb.:r of your Hen. House, thus stated in your printed votes t--' That a corrupt ,compromise has beer, entered into in the case of the election petition from Notting ham, for the purpose of avoiding investigation into the gross bribery alieged to have been practised at. the election for the aforesaid town.' " That, if any such corrupt compromise has been entered into, your petitioners are ignorant of its nature, and are in no respect parties to its stipulations; and they, therefore, submit to your Hon. House, that they ought no: to be punished, even by the temporary suspension of their franchises, for an offence of which they are not gu.lty, and in which they disclaim ah participation. " That, although grievous allegations have been made against your petitioners in the score of go ss bribery practised at the last general election, no proof has yet been adduced in support of such allegations; but that., nevertheless, your peti tioners have been c ndemned to the deprivation of the ser vices of one of their representatives in Parliament without hav ing had an opportunity afforded them to make any defence against such char ges—a course of proceeding which they firmly but respectfully maintain to be unknown in the history of Par liament and in the practice of the Courts of Law, and to be contrary to the iturroyablo laws of substantial justice. " That the law of the land regulates the issue of all writs on vacancies occasioned in your Hoe. House hy deaths, by un just returns, by the acceptance of office, and by other causes which it is unnecessary to enumerate, and that any new re straint upon the issue of such writs caninA be legally imposed without the assent of all die three branches of the Legislature. " That, in all the other cases in which your Hon. House has proceeded againA boroughs for gross and extensive bribery, it has never suipented the writ until it has received a report from one of its own Select Committees, declaring that the sitting Members had been guilty by themselves or agents of such bribery. arid no Commiitee has ever yet come to such a report without hearing counsel and examining wtnesses en both sides in confirmation and refutation of such charges. " That, in the instance of your petitioners, all these safe guards of justice have been disregarded and set aside, and your petitioners feeling how deeply they have been aggrieved in being condemned without proof, and in being punished without conviction, implore your Hon. House to re-consider the propriety of direeLing a new writ to issue for the borough of Nottingham. " That there are now pending before your Honourable House several public Bills of the highest interest and importance to all the subjects of this realm ; and that your petitioners feel it to be s, great grievance that upon all such lulls—to wit, the Bill imposing the Property-tax, the Bill incorporating the new Tariff with the Customs Acts, and the Bill for amendinA the Poor-law—they are to be excluded from the right, which they have hitherto Pettliesseil,pf declaring their opinions, and wishes through the agency and-service of too representatives. " That your petitioners humbly. submit, that the question about issuing a new sift fur their borough is not so much a question between Sour Honourable House and the borough of Nottingham as between your Honourable House and every other borough in the United Kingdom, of which the franchise may be all equally violated, withtut means of resistance and defence, if it shall now be adopted as a maxim of law, that in quiry is not to precede conviction, and that proof of guilt is not to precede the infliction of punishment. "That, your petitioners likewise submit, with all deference and respect to your Hon. House, that the right of the electors of Nottingham to their writ is a right which has belonged to them fur some centuries, not derived from the House of Commons, and therefore not to be taken away by the House of Coixmons, except upon proof satisfactory to both Houses of Parliament, that the electors have offended grievously against the law, and have, therefore, individually and collectively, forfeited their title to this privilege, which is arid most be exercised under the law. " That your petitioners further submit, that the issue of new writ to their borough will riot interfere at all with the in quiry which your Honourable House has ordered to be made into ' the corrupt compromise alleged to have been entered into, for the purpose of avoiding investigation into the gross bribery alleged to have been practised at the last election for :Nottingham ;' and they beg leave further to remind your Honourable House, that insa,e that inquiry is proceeded with, and it shotsl.l be deemed necessary to enact any new legislative measures, in - consequence of any report `from the Committee app Hinted to conduct such inquiry, it is only matter of simple justice that those parties who may be more particularly implicated by such ,measures should be present, by their two representatives, to protect the rights and privileges which may be menaced with destruction. " That your petitioners, for all these reasons, considering the present suspension of their writ to be a measure, in law uncOnatitutional, in treeedent unwarranted, and in tendency tibiersive of all electoral rights, humbly pray your Honour able House to discontinue that suspension, and to facilitate to your petitioners the means of exercising the right to which they are by law entitled—the right of returning to your . 13olieurable House another hur7ess to serve them in the pre • " And your pe:.itioriers, as in'etu:.y bcuuti,suitii ever pray, &c. " June 15t3.1842," The SPEAKER then left the Chair and the House went into Committee on the Customs Duties Act. On the item of cottons manufactured in British Possessions. for every NU in value, the duty tube EL Mr. MANGLES urged on the Committee the neces sity of reducing the duty on East Indian cotton. The duty on this article had been reduced, and because this bad been dune it was not thought worth while to do any more. But he thought the smallness of the duty at pre sent the very reason why it ought to be considered. He would appeal to the justice of the Right Hon. Gentleman: whether he would permit a duty of 11 per cent. to re main, and thus deprive India of a full mt'asure of justice. Mr. GLADSTONE regretted that the Hon. Gentle men should have thought it necessary to occupy the time of the Committee on so minute a matter. The amount in dispute could not make any essential difference to the trade of India one way or another. A subject of this nature did n t admit of such minute distinctions as those which the Hon Member had attempted to d:aw. If the proposition •of the Hon. Member were adopted, and the principle were carried out in every in stance, the tariff would be one maze of confusion. Therefore, he could not see why the silk manufacturers of this country should feel any alarm. He should opposm the amendment. Mr. HUMS was sorry that the Right Hon. Gentleman consi dered this principle of to little value. • If we could send our calico into India at a duty of 3 per cent. what could he more fair than to admit their calico at the same rate? He would, however, challenge the Government to point out any colony whence calico could be exported, which would in the slightest degree come into competition with the calico manufactured at home. Ile should be very happy to record his vote in favour of the amendment. Dr. BOWRING did not Fee what advantage the proposed duty of 5 per cent. would confer upon the Government, the Treasury, or the people. He ,hould support the amendment. Mr. WILLIAMS said we had other countries to compete with besides India; and if the relative prices in France, Ger many, and other parts of the Continent should continue the same as they were at present, he had no doubt but the consti tuents of the Hon. Member for Bolton would ins:ruet him to come down to the House and demand a greater protection than her Majesty's Government was new about to afford. On this question he certainly should vote with her Majesty's Go- Art rn went. Alr. BARING said that the Committee which sat upon the Cotton Duties, of which Lnrd Elleoly!rough was Chairman, had recommended a duty of 315 per cent. upon India cotton, instead of 5 per cent.; as it was at present ; and that being the case, he should support the amendment of the lion. Alem her for Guildford. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said they were arranging the tariff on the principle that there was to be a differential duty between foreign countries and colonies. but this was different from admitting produce from one colony al nc. Were they prepared to make a difference for every single colony of the empire? He did not think this duty would practically inflict any injury on India. The rule ought to be made general, and applicable to all colonies, and therefore he must oppose the proposition of the Hon. Member. Mr. MARK PHILLIPS, on the part of the Button manu facturers of the country, repudiated the idea that they had any desire to retain this dith rential duty, and he therefore could not see why it should be proposed. Mr. HUME said .the Right Hon. Gentleman oppesitc had stated that if they made this alteration they would be called upon to, make further changes in consequence of the changes made in the East Indies. lie begged to remind the House that no alteration could be made in India without' receiving the sanction of the English Legislature.—(( Hear, hear.) Strangers were then ordered to withdraw, and the Committee divided, when there appeared— For the amendment .... 42 Against it 56 Majority against the amendment —l4 The articles to damasks and damask diapers were a:reed to. It .was then proposed, that instead of the duti on damasks ard damask diapers, being for every 1001. of the value 30/., as placed in the published tariff, that damask should be tor every square yard 10d., and damask diaper for every square yard sd. Mr.• S. WORTLEY said that the parties engaged in the trade wished that the duty should he reduced fifty per cent., and not as proposed in the tariff front forty to fifteen per cent. He thought the suggestion deserved the consideration of the Government. Mr. GLADSTONE did not think that the reduction pro posed in the tariff was excessive, or that it was likely in juriously to effect the trade. He thought on the whole, it was a fair thy y, and would give the trade the same protection as was enjoyed by other branches of manufactures. With regard to the advantages of Belgium "in growing the raw material, they should rather look to what had actually i e.Ailted from that cir cumstance, than anticipate what might occur in future. It was true that they received large quantities of flax from Bel gium, but they sent it back in a manufactured state, not as tine linen, but as linen yarn. In his opinion, there were no sufficient grounds for refusing to apply to the linen manufac• ture the same principle wh•ch had been applied in other cases. After a short conversation the items were agreed to. On the question that, the duty on sails should be fifteen per cent., Mr. HUME objected to any duty. Mr. GLADSTONE defer ded the Imposition of the duty, observing that by the present proposition a benefit of fifteen per ceht. was given to the public. • The item was then &greed to, as were also several other items. On the item of cotton, or waste of cotton wool, Dr. BOWRING said there was a design entertained in Ger many to double the duty on the yarn imported into this country, He was afraid that the work of reform had commenced too late to restore the country to its lost position. In America the progress of manufactures was very remarkable. There was a constant increase in the amount exported as compared with that which was retained for home consumption. Considering the present position of this country, he would propose that the duty upon cotton wool, instead of a duty of 2e. lld. should be reduced to a duty of one penny per hundred weight. Mr. 11. PHILIPS said, considering the disadvantageous position in which . the tenantry was placed by the duty on this article, he felt butted to advocate its entire reduction. Instead of commanding a l the markets of the world we were bring continually supplanted by other countries.—( Hear, hear. ) He did nut beieve that the present depression was a mere temporary one; he was afraid there was little reason to expect that it would be removed ter a long time to come On behalf of the operative portion of the community he raked to have this question lc considered ; he, asked not for protection, but he rid request them not to tie up one hand at the British manu facturer, and yet. expect him to overcome all foreign romper tition. her than throw away so much revenue by the re duction of the duty upon timber to build houses. when there were ,o many already unoccupied, he would beg of them to consider how many millions of their manufacturing fellow countrymen only could relieve by adopting another course than the one they proposed upon the present occasion.,( Hear.) Mr. GLADSTONE said he should see the ft.ree of the arguments of the Hon. Gentleman if the Government had a surplus of revenue and was thinking in what manner they should dispose of it ; tut that was not the case ; the answer to the Hon. Gentleman would be that unless the Committee were prepared to impose other taxes arid make new provisiuns for the public service, he was afraid they could not vote any reduction in this important part of the tariff. He did not think that the proposed duty would at all affect the manufacturing interests at home, for the price of the raw material was so low now that it r rid the duty together would not make the amount so great as the price of the raw material alone was some time ago. Instead of our being afraid of American competition, it wocld appear that the Atm ricer's had reason to be afraid of our competition, and that was the opinion on the subject which was entertained by the American Committee of Congress. Mr. BRO I'HERION said it had been truly stated that the burdens of this tax were about 60:40001. a-sear, but there must be at least. 200,0001. more wising from waste and loss in the different operations which the cotton underwent. They would see, then, that this tax was a very heavy one ; it was also most unjust; it was levied by the pound, and the same duty was paid upon cotton at tid. a lb. as on cotton at e'd. a lb. It pressed heavily upon the labouring classes, and the tax of 600,0001. upon the raw material would be equal to Is. a week upon the wages of every man, woman, and child in the cotton manufacture throughout the country. He feared there was no • chance of ihe duty being; removed or alle ed at present, but .he did hope that the Government would endeavour to do so at the earliest opportunity. Mr. Alderman HUMPHERY did not think the proposed al teratiun in the duty would at all benefit the poor; the difference that would be made by it would be so very trifling. Neither the consumer nor the ! a bj urer wcu ld b ene fi t b y the proposed alteration ; and any advantage to be derived from it would, in his belief, go into the pockets of the - .tabby manufacturers. Mr. W. PATTEN said that, in his opinion, the taking off the duty would be benefiCial to all classes ; but he did not think that it would, for the present at least, be wise to sacrifice so large an amount of revenue. - He hoped, however, that the time would soon come, when they could safely effect the pro posed alteration. - Mr. COBDEN said that the Hon. Member for Southwark (Mr. Alderman Humphery) had, on a former occasion, suc ceeded in reducing the duty on lobsters and WI bot ; and after what had fallen from nim that even'tig, he (Mr. Cobden) would take the liberty to advise the worthy Alderman to stick for the future to lobsters and turbot.—( A laugh.) The removal of the duty would not materially reduce the price of a single pair of stockings, but it would give a general impulse to our cotton trade. Mr. P. HOWARD said that he should vote for the motion of the Hon. Member for Bolton (Dr. Bowring) because he believed that it would afford to the - cistressed operatives, en gaged in the trade, imtantmeous Mr. FIELDEN said there could be no doubt but the tax was an impolitic one. He th ught the passing, of the Ten Hours' Bill would do more to relieve the Cotton manufacturers than alt the protection in the world. If they were to take the du'y off cotton wool, they could afford to sell their manufactures foul per cent. less than they do now. Mr. HUME agreed with the lion. Member, that the hours of labour ought to be reduced ; but it was the competition which the manufacturers were obliged to submit to that caused the extension of the hours of labour to even sixteen hours a day, that competition being caused by the enormous amount of taxa tion imposed on the country. The truth of the statement of th, Hon. -limber for Stockport would be discovered in the courscrof another Ses ion, and then the present C; ,- ivcrnment, it they reurined io office, would be :Is anxious to do away with this duty as they were at. prciient I-nano:1:o it.—( ) r :,:tidthat if tilP , c , t i„ H Pi -kelpie, they wouiil Lied eLoug h without the duty on cotton, • ded— v; IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. POUSE OF COMMONS, June 8 . di S . trangers were ordered to withdrae , and the Coranu tt e i For - the amendment ........................ .. , 4 4 97 Mr: GIIIMSDITCH presented a petition from Mac- Against it ~ - ~ ciesiield in favour of the Ten Hours' Factory Bill. Mr. BittYTHLRTON presented a petition from the Mejority against the amendment. ...... -7 3 . On the da - v on sheep and lamb's wool being propn . en .. o f borough of Salford, praying for a restriction of the hours of labour in factories. Mr. C. WOOD proposed that the duty en the tr c ' on , sheep and lamb's wool be reduced to Is. per cwt.. ___' . ... id Do t POOR-LAWS. tended that the intioduction of t9reie short wool woos Sir T. D. ACLAN-2 presented a petition (we did .possibly cause a compeition wixh the British long wlr, soot,o not hear from what place)-n r, jnst the Bastardy Clause itwas an . absoluln t e o cess n i r ty f i r- the 'm caution of foreign __.. o ... liat o the I nge _tn_ which as l . p in the Poor-law Act ; and praying k British p w w m ould m fin st a market, dhout the aid of foreign wool. 40 ,. the putative futher is bound to maintain tae child may cloth ma, le here vase greatly improved by the admixture_ 01,..„ be extended to nine years. - . lam reign wool, and ceantributed to its sale. The In 3l !. u n ___ we d MANSLAUGHTER BILL. which his propositime would affect was that of the firll,s;ooi Captain POLHILL moved the second reading •of thiq A would not interfee,e with the manufacture of Dr.i _ n e ar Bill. wool :n such manufsetThs at all. The effects td• ,the high duty were apparent °n ot , Sir J. GRAHAM 'opposed the Bill. He did not wish p ar i n g the value of th e ox?orts of different articles. __ , .r,. 0 0); to detain the House unnecessarily by stating all the oh- the number of pieces of woo.llen cloths exported was . 3 ,.. :1 3 1 ,0 00 jections to the Bill, but he had the strongest possible in 1831, it was 4,361,000,•' and ire n 18 3, 1 1 , f it T T: z es i vorts c ; conviction that it would be inexpedient to change the law. being a diminn r ion _ of more than Mr. BARNEBY was sorry that the Right Honour- woo; l B e 3 n l an i d o wo o,ot te o il stuffs in ) I erii.,Nin07718.,0021,,,. 1, , 0 r 7 h B e , o :P or ie ti ; e l j o i ! able Gentlemen expressed his intention to oppose the !' those i articles in which cotton was . Bill. He hoped, if he could not give his sanction to the 6 9 7,000 pieces; in 18,11,1,000,000; in I 841, 5,015, 000 jr, illt present Bill, that he would endeavour to remedy the while the exports of short woollens 1,41 more. than " e ' oo ' . O t „introduced, were ln_ nit e various evils of the present law. " - exports of stuffs increased from 1,000'1). 00 to 2,0 00 . 4 to • Captain POLHILL said that he regretted the Eight comparing the amount /et' exports from Hun. Baronet was ping to oppose the second reading of continental nations, from 1833 to 1840,. . it was ev I :, n _ tem er the Bill. Ile considered it one of justice and humanity. ' were beaten by those nations. He quoted . t.his conotriyi. oi - t hey ; from thex , 3 t, ft. ,f . He brought it forward under that impression, and he of Mr. Bishop, . which showed that while tee' .c a _l e ( sol ro ' n should therefore persevere in pressing it on the House. I),ussia increased 50 per cent., and `hose from .)'• I ,°r : 1 ;00 f e e Mr. F. MAULE was very touch inclined to agree with creased from 3,663,000 to 6,163,00 . 0 pieces, the t , v I t: 3 i , ) the secretary of State for the Home Department in the England, although had d s asli e t ing- tn ea in se ibb o en.......t " !i o r, view he took of this question. He thought that Coro- as. regarded hiseountry had w lost on its , greatly xpore of woollen 1. 0 ,,tV; nets ought not to be entrusted with the power of bailing.- than one-third, while the French had increased to a i'vr,ti°' Strangers were then ordered to withdrew, but no divi- gree. From this circumstance he argued that the egiVl lion took place, the motion being negatived without this country were decreaeinee to a most frightful de;;re 6 ,o': dividing. only hoPe the country had to maintain their pieeent.P.,,e THE TARIFF. was by putting the manufacturers on a proper level , A'; . ' , countries with respect to - the raw material. 17 It • ---- etion of foreign posed a duty on the imeortatio- Is., on the same ground that Lord Liverpoal did rnrM This trade had suffered gradually for years, and was el" 2 0 0 .. ing to a permanent decline, and which was affecti4,4 trades as well as itself. The only thing es Inch could Patios manufacturer on a level with the foreigner, was the re ,jer''' ot the duty, so that the trade might not finally ;.eave our —( Cheers.) at' s' Mr. BECKETT could assure the House that there he imerovement in the trade of Leeds, the depression 9f ° ste had mentioned 50213 time ago. He could corroborate/b °Del' meat ot his Hun. Friend, for there was little prosper t i , gaining the trade unless some relief Were given witl!cre to the raw material. The Motion having been a cons l ', o time on the table, had created great anx i e ty araeor"V manufacturers, and they fondly hoped that if the case St stated to th Government and made intelligible to th e , r e they had such confidence in the wisdom of the u ° merit that they believed • that relief which 615 ; quired would be afforde4 them. The firm of I3ott ss of Leeds had made some alarming statements to they said that they used to receive an order yearlyfrora Co ninny of North America, to the amount of wrioe now went to France, and that their o r ! other countries, even to China, bad .been half. Of course a great reduction bad taken work-people's wages in consequence, and the only mull relieve them would be by reducing the duty material. He hoped, therefore, that the House the course recommended by Hon. Gentlemen also appealed to the agriculturists, and he told him wool could not be used except in conjunction weal. There was not a piece of cloth in that house a meat that was not made of foreign wool. Cloth at was made entirely of foreign wool. Cloth from , was made partly of foreign wool and partly of below ss. a yard it was [made of English wool. A, Gentleman opposite had said, it was principallyrnade cloth, such as was used for soldiers. .01 the order to had referred, if 10,01 *.V. were received now ineteed sent to France, 2,500/. of it would have gone in vrr a sum as much as many of the poor-rates in Yorkshire. 'There was no interest that would benefited by the reduction in the duty, The the Exchequer must remember that any ditty which effect of restricting the labour of the country was to a duty nn the articles they consumed. He (Air. should give his earnest support to the proposition the duty, and he woid support the Hon. Gentleeeen If the Right Hon. Baronet had been there he you're dently appealed to him. He would have pointed 04: this anomsly in his magnificent scheme of finance, schemes had imlerfectrens. Flax was to be admit pound, and wool at 95.,•1d. and ss. 4d. He trusted would support the Hon. Gentleman. Mr. GLADSTONE said that this had been much consideration by the Government. He bad I f sum which would be lost to the revenue by :he I the duty would be so great, that it would require le modelling. With regard to France they could not fa with that country, as there a duty was levied on the is of foreign wool. 'f he manufactures chiefly in difficulties finer sorts of articles ; not these manufactured priced wools. The amount of the duty was not at per cent. but four per cent. The Chancellor of quer had disposed ot the surplus anticipated under t tax, in remitting duties on the main articles of mar principle which had received the sanction of the wished to show that the woollen trade had not been Mr. STAN SFIELD thought that if the z emisel did cs use a loss of 150,000/. a-year, it would be ferable to lose it than continue the (Lay. Mr. S. WORTLEY defended the e,:ty on the there were circumstances in this case whifs'i justina lion. There was nothing in the present stoat of the which would justify them in adopting the proposition Committee. Mr. ALDAM read one or two extracts from he had received from several woollen merchants of nence, to prove that the duty upon foreign we heavy ; they stated that the duty of ? 4 -d. per lb. on Is. per lb., and Id. en wool over Is., was more tt realized as profit on the manufactured artieles.• ‘' Divide.") , After a few words from Mr. LASCELLES, stray ordered to withdraw, and the Committee divided, tt appears d For the amendment Against it ... Majority Mr. G. W. WOOD then proposed the amendmen t he had given notice—" Tbat the duty on the is and lambs' wool, not being of the value of ones' pound thereof, be reduced to one shilling per cwt. The gustiest having been put, Mr. GLADSTONE did not think they could motion of the Hon. Gentleman without opening question. which had been already decided. He edit was a high duty on low priced wool, but the trade withstanding increasing. He should therefore Cl amendment. After a few words from Mr. Woon and Mr. S. / the Committee divided, when there appeared— For the amendment Against it Majority against the amendment The other items were then agreed to. The CH ,talifA sr reported progress, and obtained again on Friday. he other Orders of the Day were then disposed Henze adjourned at a Quarter last One o'Clock. KENT HOP INTELLIGE MAIDSTONE.--Tho fly in this immediate hood has not much increased in ntnber. but has grown with astonishing rapidity. Lice Pi seen, in some places rather numerously. ivy are is not apprthemied from them anye'r are told that these in•iects appeared just at - , e period 37 years ago, and that the duty that only 31.0001. Honey dew is visible. WATERINGBU tY, M ERE ORTH, A.I•W NET llfii There are vast quantities of flies and .11 0 I) rJ grounds, am! the flies follow the bine as it W I - - though it cert,inly grows vigorously. There lice to be seen three and four leaves down frOi of the lines ; and, in some grounds, the edg e , t l lower leaves that the lice are upon begin t c .; o 4 have an unheali by appearance, apparently Ea-gel-0i the lice. There has been a great increase of fly .1 grounds within these few days. BRENCULEY.-1 Awather is remarkably to the growth of the blues, and they have ilu l kg A progress during the two last weeks. The fIY H fluctuating, but at the present time we have s a crease, and it appears determined to stick. - 41 ) experienced planter says he never saw so man/ fore so early in the season.-31uidstune Gazette' Among the late important discoveries of e her to we do not remember one likely to be of grea t f r o •e• pubic generally than that by which mineral vilLl l ,ol l ` kind may be imitated with a degree of closeness L I ,. years ago would have been deemed almost imil . allude to the mineral water powders, prepareal, t Giff,rd and Linder, which, at a very moderate e*:.,4 to procure excellent substitutes for the waters or .k , - I , Carl,bad, Ems, Vichy, Kissengen, Illarienba,netri i t Pyrmout, Schwalbach, seltzer, Spa, and Wies';e., , A O consider this a decided improvement on the digl'esi Struve, of Dresden, who first invented factitious Ivinetis inasmuch as persons can now cart y about with tb .. , of procuring the mineral waters wherever they sli t ,R o ' the efficacy of the powders does not deteriorate bi t e, kept, as that of the water does. Still it is not k: l i ef. the powders wi I produce the same results as Illig" 1 0, 'y by the change of air and scene incidental t ° ' ~:•'" Continental Spas. +, Il vs . isj 'The present duties of the Corn Inspec t t bio t i volve upon the o ffi cers of Excise on the 24th 0 a nti o r ; ,The Inspectors have been receiving salaries, soi ° l 4lo l7. 1 and L.O/. a year. The Inspector who furnishes. he f . London markets has 3001. a year. The latter 1 . 9 1' 50 1' 11 ' - son who will he allowed a compensation for thel ° ' through the new arrangements. p, •t-' We understand that Robert Forsyth' , the . cate, has received the appointment of Keeper °l ti . S. ' t Entails, vacant by the death of James Fertz us° hA. ~ caie, and Principal Clerk of Session.—Ediirbia/ B IR TH S. toPTA-J" On the 3d inst., at Millbrook, Jersey , the I'l lo 4 ' l o Scott, Esq , of Gaddesden Hoe, Heats. of 6 S l i kiri .° %4l l' On the 6th inst., in Southampton-buildings, ,(13; . of a daughter. dtitie. os . On the 7th inst., at Belvedere House, J 3Oll „. .0, I, , Diary Stephenson, of a son. t Isl ll l ' M r On the 8111 in6t., at College House Vi r es , . . A m Henry S. Sims, s, of a daughter, still born. 7.... !5> 4 4, O the Bth inst., at Perry Vale, nea r Sy ------ o.' ...-"ft Wilson, of a daughter. ~ , 111,4 RR IE D. , ritsg o ' ; ti e On the 2d inst., at Templeport, Gerald , - , - 0 f V ' .‘„,•!, late Captain in the 12th Regiment, and v) ity :si ~, .., .„..., Sir Robert Fit zgerald, K. C. ft, to Susan , 1 , the Hon. and !ley. G. De La P.:3er Beresfera• ' ‘ i .., On the 6tl, inst., at I'i ----"-----" ' eight he 'l children r 'f h t o o n l a a s me G n i t lic* e l: i h ' s Dua l gu e l ai esE(d''l)::. H aY : eathor::le::lll.elp‘s-114.114.rei• 411''Ille:gl*:14 by all who knew him. . On the 7th inst., at Upper florley-str G 41 r 1, ' 1:1440, Ai ret . e. of Admiral Sir Charles Morris pole, Ba i '. • • lit„'4# On tl,e 4th inst., at Victoria Sl!'_f h % - ,i r igkec ' Aron, Captain Robert F'ester, of the Din"—,_,.i.Actr ' 1 1 .; .On the 7th inst., in Duke-street, llanchn,iii. , ~1-1 7, ham Wol,elev, Esq., Admiral of the ei• ag r.,,,di O " ' . : o A : . : O s K ) i n n s i t n a : h ii ir 7 4 : 4 3 .R u l i st g h'g e u i t ml ; n t let .. o . u' i t a L L l' ll e cu, , 6 1 c e t h h e a s i ll t l e e t r: i ; i c ; o f sP j a i cT uOt• ---- : P:i o .:!; - _-- mil .:10 dr ~., Lonflrm : Pri7ltl,,avri f-aKii,n3')" ' ~f 1i... giS tbeo, i , ~,, 01 . :3.i . .f , T '' ..o ' ) 0/1 ':' County , o f 74wiesex, Thursal7l-''''' A quid We, ...., .111 c4tie 44, oh te 4 "412 Th e. o „, e Noti AC RE -.7 4ti 4 ' ►, . 41 1 4'1 :k Ne° k, ~„,,, ,i , , 4 , ~,,,,„„ , r ,„ %,. ~, ,f '- the G e " -"-- nick tteSlP )f Boa se'v k ents t° ~,1 rlyfrout i? i t of. 10 ' 0 i y- ir order , : i ,pc l reCIII CX ! ' i ;,. I NI A place 11 0 , ,f itl, ally thing t i C, luty on t i t' e ,i 44 i1 Ise troll .f b A rit I oppesite.l,l, zi, i him that' 'nti ma with fef Ka ,use at tb z ;fi Of Pt ' hat 105.1 tit il . rout b , je c„, i ler pf Engi,...'lo 4i.e , • As t h e y , V t‘ ti 4 i made 11 0, 4' fo r (''' 6 1 . Lndn:::rienaut2iocigdt::::o'ilieti)tit ,1 ' 1 1, 4. ! ( he Chaucy which !04 was far 1.12 (Air. 7 i, ti on for t e) ti e oan ;•;# 4 p it ~T multi ha , 0 i Allti i n t c e e d . ( f ):,;;tsiltiii tiol'ilotti idmitted'si I thi n , rus ted th e 44 (i 1 'lt te T°l been a 'lltl,4l' To had ielt l' i i , of lb the loc er t ie 14 ' 4 4 lire an ' e e l ~,,alu lot fa.. rIY ef 1, 4 he i the ialY:l I l l e 1 Eculties b y , ty , , ti ed from, ~ . .l ot of Sella+ 1. IVe or of t t h h ,3 e ki ll : ti t i , 4 :l n if inanuf,4, T ° } l ic ihe been , 11? rea, t been lc ( nission of ,StA Id be airs' ' it, the gr ° lk . I stifled it s ' ac ;SittitOhne I)%Cedi ; ' 'll4t Or t il l'a r 3 ) 1 1 : OlfettiLrr4ls: iliP'l4't:tPtbok?' i W 001 A i, 1 4 1 :tz, ). on Vit. 1 / 4 ve' ) re tha P t d ir Vii Z 3 e al , 1 ,04 E 4 44 • .gi., 'I, i stray ro k . i 'le ided, r. ' clt' i 0 te, ' ' , . _ o, 44 , o Q I . - ,y p, wt ...., I 1,4 %111 , !ndlne nt ' I i ' ''''' iropert.,:i Ile,„4ti one shw• -1011_,.! cwt." , 1 '' ki ould a fir e'' tet, ening ~0, : %,:' fe adrs it'o. nt , e trade ; 0 4' 164 4 1 . , fore of I ' If 1 • L ik fr. S. - i • 96 -*'' .......,4 8 ... A i ained le i ' / 1 01 ' 1 14 posed 4, , Llk. I' li ;ENCII, 411;.4. Ai' t ilt,, E+ ` 4 ',ate I,'i',, will -pi but L l ' i ki d l'e, Uce Ar e ' 1 ?,!!, sly, vi b: l , t ,,,'l Ti l iny% -I be (). t, at t - f ,vt . 0 7 1 , t • -• 0 - . b.