The Sun. — London, England, 1861-06-26 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS—YESTERDAY. The LORD CHANCELLOR, took his seat on the woolsack at 1 o'clock. Lord REDESDALE, Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords, took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The following bills were read a second time :—Earl of Egremont's Estate, Manchester and Milford Railway (Aberystwith Branch), Dublin Corporation Water, South Wales Mineral Railway, Leven and East of Fife Rail way, Parsonstown and Portamna - bridge Railway, Atkinson's Trust Estate; Liverpool Cemetery ; Kingston Water, Galashiels and Peebles Railway, Dublin and Antrim Junction Railway. The following bills were read a third time and passed :—Cheshire and Midlandßailway ; London and North-Western Railway (Chester and Holyhead) Railway, Thames Haven Dock (Abandonment), Westminster Improvements, Marlborough Railway, Barns ley Coal Railway, London and North-Western, Lancashire and Carlisle, and Caledonian Railways ; and Penrith Har bour, Dock, and Railway. THE SUB-DIVISION OF DIOCESE BILL. Lord LYTTELTON gave notice that he should move this day week that their lordships should go into committee of the whole house to consider the details of this bill. He dis sented from the policy of some of the improvements made by the select committee. He felt it his duty to endeavour to reverse them. Lord STANLEY of ALDERLEY supported the pro posed additions to the bill. After some remarks from Lord OVERSTONE, the subject dropped. RAILWAY COMPANY MORTGAGES TRANSFER (SCOTLAND) BILL. Lord KINNAIRD moved that this bill be read a third time. The Duke of MONTROSE moved a verbal amendment, and after some discussion the bill, as amended, was read a third time and passed. • THE EDINBURGH ASSESSMENT BILL. This bill was read a third time and passed. EAST INDIA. LOAN BILL. This bill passed through committee, and was reported to the house. PUBLIC OFFICES EXTENSION BILL. The report of the amendments on this bill were brought up and agreed to. EXCISE AND STAMPS BILL. This bill was read a third time mad passed. OFFICERS OF THE ROYAL NAVAL RESERVE. The Duke of SOMERSET moved for a copy of the regulations under which masters or mates of merchant vessels may be enrolled as officers of the Royal Naval Reserve. He said that there were some misconceptions in reference to the subject. He con sidered that it was indispensably necessary that the State should be provided with a sufficient number of men to meet the requirements of the service. There were only 2.5 lieutenants on the reserve list ; but there were 309 admirals on that list, and 100 admirals were now on active service. There were 774 captains on the retired list, and the amount altogether paid for the naval reserve was £346,000 a-year. Difficulties that might arise from the necessity of pro moting officers might be remedied by the introduction into the Royal Navy of officers of mer cantile marine. It had been objected that offi cers brought up in the mercantile marine service would not feel disposed to enter the Royal Navy in the time of peace, when there was no prospect of promotion, but that they would enter the service in the time of war. He believed that the promotion of this class of men would shortly undergo a considerable improvement, and the result would be that the Royal Navy would eventually be recruited to a considerable extent from the merchant service. He trusted their lordships would consider, under these circum stances, that there were grounds for promoting the further progress of the bill introduced into their lordships' house on this subject. Lord COLCHESTER made a few remarks. The Earl of DERBY asked the noble duke whether he proposed to promote the officers drawn from the merchant service beyond the rank of lieutenant, and whether he would not extend that promotion to the rank of captain? The Duke of SOMERSET said they would be entitled to continuous promotions, and to honorary rank, but they would not be entitled to pay or be called for active service. The motion was then agreed to, and their lordships adjourned at 10 minutes to 6 o'clock. HOUSE OF COMMONS—YESTERDAY. The SPEAKER took the chair at twelve o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The following bills were read a third time and passed : Conway and Llanrwst Railway (New Title) ; London, Chatham, and Dover Railway (Lease of Margate Railway, &c.) ; Margate Roilway (Ramsgate Extension, &c.) ; Stourbridge Railway (Extension to Smethwick, &c.) ; West Hartlepool Harbour and Railway (Traffic, &c.) The following bills were considered and ordered to be read a third time :—Mold and Denbigh Junction Railway ; North London Railway (Branch to the City) ; North Lon don Railway (Widening) ; Somerset Central Railway. LONDON COAL AND WINE DUTIES BILL. On the motion for going into committee on the London Coal and Wino Dues Continuance Bill, Mr. AYRTONrose and moved, " That it be an instruc tion to the committee on the bill that they have power to make provision in the bill for continuing the fund provided by sections 2 and 5 of the Act 11 Geo. 4, c. 64, and for pay ing the proceeds thereof to the account to be opened under the bill ; that it be an instruction to the committee that they have power to make provision in the bill for transfer ring to the Metropolitan Board of Works the lands, tenements, and hereditaments called the Bridge House Estates, now vested in the mayor, commonalty, and citizens of the City of London, subject to any trust affecting the same, and any charges thereon, and for paying the surplus income thereof to the account to be opened under the bill. That it be an instruction to the committee that they have power to make provision. in the bill for transferring to the Metropolitan Board of Works all lands, tenements, and hereditaments now vested in the mayor, commonalty, I and citizens of the City of London under any statute for making improvements within the metropolis (except mar kets), subject to the trusts affecting the same, and the re payment of any moneys raised by the said corporation under such statutes, and thereby charged on such lands, tene ments, and hereditaments, and for transferring to the Metropolitan Board of Works all the powers conferred by such statutes on the said corporation. That it be an instruction to the committee that they have power to make provision in the bill for the paj went of the metage dues on grain, fruit, wares, or merchandise received by the mayor, commonalty, and citizens of the city of London, to the ac count to be opened under the bill. That it be an instruction to the committee that they have power to make provision in the bill for payment by the conservators of the river Thames of the surplus of the annual income received by them to the account to be opened under the bill. The hon. gentlemen entered at length into the whole question, and said it resolved itself into whether the house wished to give the corporation of the City of London the coal dues, instead of retaining them for purposes to which it had been applied for the last two hundred years. The origin of the fund was to rebuild the City of London after the great fire in 166 e. Il e th en entere d i n t o an e l a b ora t e description of the corporation fund, and said the whole case resolved itself on the question, as he had said before, of giving the whole of the funds to the City, totally disregard ing the circumstances und er w hi ch it was raised. He con tended that the inhabitants at large, having paid off the debts which the eorporation fund was orginally intended to meet,;were entitled to full benefit of the redemp tion. Mr. WILLIAMS seconded the motion. The LORD MAYOR said it would be impossible to go into the different historical facts alluded to by th e hon ourable member. The city of London was not so much affected by the bill as had been represented, but the real question was should certain important metropolitan improvements be made for which there was no official fluid out of which the expenses could be liquidated. The city was not interested to the extent the hon. gentleman wished the house to believe. Sir G. C. LE WIS said the hon. gentleman the member for the Tower Hamlets had addressed to the house a long series of complaints respecting himself, as the only indivi dual interested for the public good, and accusing others of having entered into a conspiracy, the principal delinquents being the Corporation of London and the members of her Majesty's Government. The principal accusation against the Government was that they had not brought in the bill at an earlier period of the session, and also that they had fixed it for a morning sitting, which was a perfect invasion of the freedom of debate, and an arrangement to prevent them being fully heard. Now, he did not think there was anything out of the ordinary course to bring such a bill as the present on before the h6uso at a morning sitting, and therefore that disposed of that part of the honourable gentleman's speech. The bill was not, as had been represented, a job ; it was founded on the report of the select committee which sat last year, which recommended that the Thames embankment should be constructed out of the fund raised as coal dues, and the mea sure was to give effect to that recommendation. (near, hear.) He would not attempt to follow the hon. gentleman in his antique disquisitionon the coal duties. The r eal questio n t o d ec id e w as whether the coal dues should be continued, and the sum so raised be appropriated to the emban kment of the Thames. The bill declares that such should be the ease, and he hoped it would meet with the approval of parliament. Lord J.I‘IA.NNI.,. ERS . Mr. WILLIAMS said the bill. MS said without doubt the Thames ought to be embanked, but then he did not think it ought to be carried out by t he Ors objectionable means of a tax levied on coal. Re hoped the great improvement would be carried out, and that it would not e limitedto one side of the river—(hear, hear)—but it mi g h t be effected in some other way than that proposed by the bill. The corporation lent, in years gone by, £700,000 which he to Charles 11., of he never repaid one farthing, but gave power to the corporation to levy a fourpormy duty on coa l. The £700,000 had beVn repaid some 70 years ago, but the tax had been continued up to the present day. He should feel it his duty, when they came to that part of the bill which gave the City the power to continue the tax, to move an amendment to terminate such an arrangement. Mr. LOCKE could not see why the City of London should have such a sum as £11,500 presented to them as an annual gift, and for that reason he should support the proposition of his hon. friend the member for the Tower Hamlets. Mr, NORRIS could not agree with the hon. member who had just sat down that the bill had any such object as he attributed. He should therefore vote for going into committee. Mr. Alderman SALOMONS said no one who for an in stant contemplated the objects of this bill could doubt its necessity, for certainly unless some inventive genius could devise some means of floating vehicles in the air the embankment of the Thames appeared the only other means of providing increased accommodation for the enor mous traffic. He supported the bill. The corporation of London, whenever it became necessary, would be enabled to rebuild Blackfriars-bridge without taking a single penny of the coal tax for the purpose. The fund out of which it would be effected would be the Bridge-house estate fund. Lord FERM.OY thought the coal dues could not be ap propriated to abetter object than embanking the Thames. Alderman COPELAND said he would only make a few remarks on the subject before the house. The city had always exercised the greatest care in expending the sums committed to their charge. The corporation received a re venue of £5,000 from Old Fleet market, and although the constructing of Farringdon-market has proved a failure, no blame was to be attached to the corporationfor such an event. The city had pledged its credit for the cost of constructing the new cattle market and new Carmon-street, and in doing so they had expended in the various improvements nearly £340,000 mere than their receipts. There would still exist, supposing the new improvements were carried out, great demands upon the city, for assuredly as soon as the Thames embankment was constructed a new street from thence to the Bank of England would 1.-Ave to be made. The house divided, when there appeared— For Mr. Ayrton's first proposal .. 5 Against it Majority —155 The announcement was received with some laughter. Mr. AYIZTON said, after the expression of opinion that his proposa l s should not be entertain e d, h o wou ld not trouble the house to proceed further with them. The other propositions were then put to the house and negatived without a division. The house then went into committee on the MASSEY in the chair. Clause 1 was agreed to. On clause 2 being put, Mr. MOWBRAY proposed to reduce the coal duty from 13d. to Bd. lie therefore moved an amendment striking off the penny allowed for the building of the Coal Exchange altogether, and also that the duty be then reduced from ls. for 10 years to Bd. for 15 years. Sir G. LEWIS thought the pressure of the coal dues was not so strong as had been represented. The proposition was to reduce the duty received for metropolitan improve ments. The sd. tax, which would remain after the pro posed alteration, would produce about £90,000, while the 9d. tax produced £160,000, the sum received being about £150,000. Supposing the £90,000 were deducted from that amount, he did not think there would be sufficient funds left to proceed with the great improvement. He therefore could not support the amend ment. Mr. LOCKE thought the hon. member's anxiety to serve his constituents in Durham had led him to propose the amendment. He, however, as a metropolitan member, could not accept such a proposition. Lord J. MANNERS advised his hon. friend to with draw his amendment. Mr. MOWBRAY acceded to the request of the noble lord, and the clause was agreed to after a few verbal amend ments had been made therein. Clauses 3 and 4 were agreed to. Oa clause 5, Sir H. WILLOUGHBY moved that the words "Metro politan Board of Works" be struck out, and that " Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury" be inserted. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. WILLIAMS said he should move an amendment, confining the works to be effected from the revenue derived from the coal duty to the embankment of the Thames. The LORD MAYOR said the Thames embankment would not fully meet the object for which it was intended, unless a new street was constructed from Blackfriars-bridge to the Bank of England. Sir G. LEWIS opposed the amendment. After a short conversation the amendment was negatived, and the clause agreed to. On clause 6, Mr. AYRTON proposed to add the following words to the end of the clause :—" And after discharging the said sums and interest in the clause, the said duty of 4d. should be paid to the account mentioned in clause 5." Sir G. LEWIS said he had no objection to amend the clause, allowing the proceeds of the tax to be disposed of in such metropolitan improvements in, and adjacent to, the city of London as Parliament might sanction. .After a short discussion tho proposition of the right hon. baronet was agreed to. The house was engaged in discussing clause 7 at four o'clock, at which hour the sitting was suspended. The house resumed at 6 o'clock. THE GARIBALDI FUND. Mr. COCHRANE gave notice of his intention to alter the terms of the motion which stood in his name for Friday next, and to move as follows :—" To call the attention of the house to the proceedings of a society advertised as the Garibaldi Fund for the Ayr District of Burghs, while other members of this house are on the committee of manage ment; and to move that the existence of any society for the purpose of rendering assistance to any revolutionary party in any country in alliance with England, is inconsistent with the principle of non-intervention." ELIGIBILITY TO PUBLIC APPOINTMENTS OF BRITISH SUBJECTS BORN IN INDIA. Col. SYKES gave notice of his intention on Tuesday next to move a resolution as follows : that on all occasions when candidates are invited to compete for appointments in the public service of the crown, British subjects born in India shall be eligible to compete for such appointments in the same manner as British subjects born in England and elsewhere, provided they possess the requisite physical and moral qualifications. FLOGGING IN THE ARMY AND NAVY. On the motion of Mr.WILLIAMS, returns were ordered respecting the number of persons flogged in the army and navy in the year 1860, with other particulars. THE MARCH OF THE GUARDS TO GUILDFORD. Sir H. VERNEY asked the Under Secretary for War with what dress and accoutrements the detachment of Guards was marched from Kingston to Guildford on Thurs day last, and at what hour it left Kingston and arrived at Guildford ; and moved for a copy of the representation, if any, which was made by the medical officer in charge to the commanding officer on the probable effect of such a march on the health of the troops. Mr. T. G. BARING, in answer to the first part of the hon. baronet's question, said that the dress and accoutre ments of the detachment of Guards on their march from Kingston to Guildford on Thursday, were such as were used in what is termed marching order; that was to say, the weight of the dress and accoutrements altogether amounted to from 451bs. to 491bs. He had only further to remark as to the order in which they marched, that the commanding officer stated that the men were allowed to pull off their stocks and unbutton their tunics, if they wished to do so. With respect to the hours, they started from Kingston at 10 minutes past six in the morning, and reached Guildford at a quarter past two in the afternoon. In reply to the latter part of the question as to whether any representation had been made by the medical officer in charge, he begged to say he had been informed that the assistant-surgeon to the de tachment made no representation with regard to the march, that the detachment had marched on the preceding day without any serious consequences resulting, and that the medical officer did not think it necessary to make any re presentation. He would only add that the question of cloth ingthe u in the army had l ong occup i e d the serious attention of Guards, and that several great improvements conducive to the h ea l t h and comfort of the soldier hvadbeen s effected of late year s . THE SUEZ CANAL. Mr. GRIFFITH asked the Secretary of . State for Foreign Affairs whether he had orwaslikely es receivedany information that M. de i Lesseps had obtained, to obtain, authority from the Pacha of Egypt to comp e l the natives, by inforced labour to work on the Suez Canal; whether tw , ac p ceord anrte, fee with the engagements of the Pacha toward the the observance of the Hatti Scheriff of Gulhane and other r humane edicts of the empire, that he should compel the na tives of Egypt to work by forced labour; and whether her Majesty's Government had made, or proposed to make, any communication to the Governments of Turkey, E gypt, or France, in the interest of humanity, on this subject? Lord J. RUSSELL—In reply to the first question of the hon. gentleman, I have to state that we had information some time ago from her Majesty's Consul -General in Egypt that M. de Lesseps had obtained an order from the Pacha of Egypt, that 10,000 natives should be employed by forced labour on the works of the Suez Canal. The consul-gene ral stated he believed that some of them had been sent down by the railway in order to labour at these works, but that he expected that in a few days they would be al lowed to leave it. I think that is rather a proof that the works of the canal are proceeding. After that her Majesty's Government applied to the Porte, and stated what the hon. gentleman had referred to, viz., that the system of forced labour was against the agreement of the Sultan. According to the last accounts I have received, Kurschid Pacha stated that there was no forced labour employed in Egypt, and that he did not give any credence to the reports which were prevalent. Whether it was that the pacha was deceived, or the consul-general, it is impossible for me to say; I can only say that I propose to make further inquiry into the subjeit. In conclusion, I may inform the hon. gentleman and thehouse that her Majesty's Government have received intelligence to-day that the Sultan died this morning (Tuesday). THE ENFIELD RIFLE. Col. VIVIAN rose to move for a select committee to in quire whether a more efllcieut weapon than the Edeld rifle THE' might not be provided for the use of her Majesty's forces, without additional cost or serious inconvenience to the ser vice ? He said that a relative of his own when in office had placed in the hands of the British soldier the most effective weapon then in use. That perhaps might be an excuse for his (Col. Vivian's) introducing the subject to the house. In the year 1854 Lord Hardinge wrote a memorandum on this subject, the most concise and far-seeing which had come under his knowledge. Lord Hardinge called upon Mr. Whitworth, who he considered the greatest mechanist of his age, and had passed his life in perfecting machinery for the textile fabrics of the country, to produce a rifle the most effective that could be placed in the hands of the sol dier. Mr. Whitworth accordingly entered upon a course of experiments, the result of which was to show that the so called Enfield rifle was incapable of performing the highest serviceswhich might be expected from an arm of that descrip tion. The report of the committee presented in Jan., 1859, recommended that further experiments should be made, but so far as he knew, not one single experiment had since been made by the authorities in order to test the merits of any other rifle, but the particular rifle which they were engaged in making. They had been making these rifles at the rate of 1,000 a week, but they had never ',carried out Lord Hardinge's suggestion to ascertain that the arm they were placing in the hands of the British soldier was the best that could be made. The Whitworth was confessedly a better arm, and in point of precision, range, penetration, and in other important particulars, its superiority over the Enfield had been acknowledged by General Hutchinson and other authorities. Lieut.-Colonel Dickson, who was at the head of the Enfield Factory, rather argued down the merits of the Whitworth rifle, but could not help making important admissions of its efficien and in speaking of the small bore Enfields, in which sie of the important features of the Whitworth were introduced, had borne very high tea- timony to the invention of Mr. Whitworth. These were in fact nothing more than Whitworth rifles—the Whit • worth principle did not turn upon having a polygonal ball, but upon the length of the ball, and especially upon the spirality given to the rifling. General Hay, who was probably the greatest authority in this country or anywhere else, upon the question of rifles and rifle shooting, had also borne his testimony to the supe riority of the Whitworth rifle over the Enfield. But the question of this superiority rested upon much broader facts than even this testimony. The National Rifle Association required the most perfect rifle for long ranges, and they invited all gunraakers of whatever country to come forward and compete for the honour of furnishing the rifle to be used in shooting for the Queen's prize. Amongst others the small bore Enfield was used, and the result of the trials was that Mr Whitworth's rifle was declared to be the best. This year the same advertisement had been put forth, but no one bad undertaken to call in question the superiority of Mr. Whitworth's rifle. They all remembered the marvellous shot which was fired by her Majesty at Wimbledon. That shot was not fired from thegun adopted by the Government but from a Whitworth rifle ; it was only one inch and a half from the centre of the bull's eye though fired in the open air at a range of 400 yards, and was probably the most marvellous shot ever fired in the world as a shot calculated upon beforehand. At the Wimbledon contest also it would be remembered the Swiss who came over to compete for the prizes were at first very much distressed that their rifles were detained at the French custems—their rifles arrived upon the following day—and yet some days afterwards he saw those men shooting with the Whitworth rifle. At the rifle contest in France, upon the invitation of the Emperor experiments were made with Mr. Whitworth's invention, and the result was that after 700 yards the French rifle was withdrawn, and Mr. Whitworth on the following day re ceived the ongratulations of the Emperor of the French upon the very great success which had attended the trial of his arm. The Queen's prize at Wimbledon was won by Mr. Ross, with the Whitworth rifle, and he believed that the Duke of Wellington's prize, the Prince Consort's prize, and the Duke of Cambridge's prize, were all won with breech. loading rifles made by Westley Richards under license from Mr. Whitworth. The Enfield was completely snuffed out after 600 yards ; and one of the highest autho rities had said that he would as soon play at marbles as shoot with an Enfield beyond that range. Lord Herbert had advanced against the Whitworths for the service that they would cost LlO. But there was really very little differ ence between them and the Enfield in the manufacture. The lock and the stook were precisely the same, and whatever the cost of the barrel was put down at there could not possibly be so groat a difference of cost. He (Col. Vivian) had written to Mr. Whitworth to ask whether his rifle would cost more than the Enfield, and whether the machinery now at the Government factory at Enfield would be adapted to the ma nufacture of rifles upon his pattern, and the reply he had received, dated July 12, 1860, was to the effect that there would be no difficultyin adapting the Enfield machinery to rifle the barrels according to his plan, and that the cost would be no more than that of the Enfield, though a slight increase of expense, say 55., might be incurred in making them of a superior character than the Enfield rifles were now made. Mr. Whitworth also alluded to the statement that his rifles would cost £lO in the manufacture, remarking that they necessarily cost in the manufacture upon a limited scale, such as was carried on in his establishment, a much larger sum than they would cost the Government, and that those he made were finished in a superior manner to service rifles. The Whitworth rifle could be produced for the same sum as the Enfield, and in confirmation of that, he had received an assurance from Mr. Westley Richards that he had manu factured the ordinary service musket and rifled it on the Whitworth system, and that it had not cost sixpence more than if manufactured on the Enfield system. Twenty mus kets manufactured at Enfield had been sent by Lord Herbei t to Mr. Whitworth in order to be finished by him. Those rifles had been returned on the 13th of September, 1860, and, as far as he had been able to ascertain, these rifles had not been tried since. They had now 500,000 rifles on the Enfield plan. Lord Herbert said that 1,000,000 were re quired by the country. The British army was so divided that in no country in the world could a new system be intro duced more easily. (Hear, hear.) The machinery at Enfield was adapted for making the Whitworth rifle, and if they began now they would have 100,000 Whitworth rifles this time next year. It was calculated that the Enfield rifle would not last more than 12 years, so that every rifle in their possession would have to be changed at the end of that time. They were called upon to vote £760,000 for small arms, and were they to spend this large sum of money in the manufacture of an arm which was confessedly worse than another which could be produced for the same money as the inferior one ? He had shown that the Whitworth was the better and more efficient gun, that it could be pro duced as cheaply as the other, and he hoped to see it in the hands of the army and the volunteers in a very short time. It might be said that a committee of that house was not the best tribunal for investigating a question of this kind. He believed that a committee of members well qualified to con duct such an inquiry could be appointed. He was opposed to referring the subject to prejudiced officials. On the former inquiry there were but two really unprejudiced persons, and they were in favour of Mr. Whitworth's rifle. If a committee were not competent to investigate this ques tion, how were they fit to vote the money ? Thanking the house for the patience with which they listened to him, he should now sit down, with a determination, however, to in troduce the subject next year, if he was not now successful. Mr. TURNER said. he felt he should not be doing justice to Mr. Whitworth, one of his most valuable constituents, if he hesitated to second the motion just made. It was the general opinion in the country and in his own neighbour hood that scant justice had been done to Mr. Whitworth by the Government, which did not recognise his services after his experiments had been carried out with such a successful result. Mr. Whitworth was one of the most celebrated mechanicians of the age, and had realised an ample fortune not only by the invention of machinery. for the manufacture of textile fabrics, but of the instruments by which the machinery itself was made. He was applied to by the Government with respect to the improvement of small arms, and he devoted some thousands of pounds of his own fortune in making experiments. He did not desire to make a fortune out of the manufacture of rifles, but he desired to benefit his country by the production of the best weapon that could be manufactured for its defence. (Hear.) That was the only honour he sought. He should not enter into the details of the ques tion before the house, but it was generally admitted that he had produced a weapon more effective than the one now in use, and at as small an expense. In the hands of a good marksman it was as effective as three or four Enfield rifles, and therefore there could be little doubt which ought to be in the hands of the army. (Hear, hear.) Mr. BARING said that it was clear from the speech of the hon. gentleman who introduced the motion that the subject was in competent hands, and it was not his inten tion to dissent from the terms in which both he and the hon. member for Manchester spoke of Mr. Whitworth. Mr. Whitworth had a European reputation, and nothing that he could say could add to that reputation. He believed that they were not influenced by any other than public motives in desiring the more extensive use of the weapon invented by Mr. Whitworth, but on the other hand he could assure them that the heads of departments had no interest in not introducing and adopting improvements. No jealousy of that kind was entertained by those gentlemen who were ' connected with the Government manufacturing establish ments.ir. w H h e it w w o o u rt l h, d a be b g eg the in hon. gentleman therefore and the house to p u t as i de any idea of " i ntereste d officials," or of A from Mr. bullied or badgered. Ho had not seen anythingWhitworth to give colour to the idea that he felt so. Mr. BARING said he was gladtoh suppo se d ee t a c r o t ni h m at i e t s te p e l . anation, b eca use the house might have Col. VIVIAN said he alluded to th withregard he had been bullied by the Gove rnment, eNow gvyarhdictoh thethe im portant memoran dum of Lord Hardinge, to gen tl e man referred, what was t herein stated had hon. been carried out under Lord Hardinge's own directions. ivir Whitworth had been allowe d to erect at the p ubl ic expense the apparatus to which h is hon. friend alluded. No less than £16,000 bad been expended, and very properly, for the purpose of enabling him to carry out his experiments. No blame could attach to succeeding Governments. If his hon. friend meant that the supply of improved small arms should be stopped till the result of these experiments was ascer tained, the supply of rides to the army would have been little or nothing. That result was not known till 1857, and to stop all supply of improved small arms till then would not have met with the approval of the house or the country. (Hear, hear.) lie 4i4 ;lot think the result of the last Cote, SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE r 26, 1861. mittee was any encouragement to appoint another, in order to investigate the same subject. Ile eelieved the committee was fairly selected, and it should le recollected that Mr. Whitworth himself was a member cf it. The committee made their report, and it appeared different opinions were entertained by persons who wer e competent to judge of the subject. It was not correct to say, thit no further steps had been taken. And it was intended hat a trial should take place between an Enfield bore and one manu factured by Mr. Whitworth from the Infield. The trial had actually commenced he believed, and was in progress under the Ordnance Select Committee. Lord Hardinge said that the country required 1,000,000 rifles, and he was happy to say that they had 800,000, eider made or under contract. They were, therefore, progresing satisfactorily in respect of that class of small arms. but if they were to introduce a fresh bore the effect of that you'd be, not only that they should re-arm the army at a ost which could be easily calculated— these rifles costing no hss than £4 a-piece —but the whole of the ammunition in Eta r e would become valueless. (Hear.) Therefore, it was essential that no change of that sort should be made wthout careful con sideration, without its being perfectlyappat ent that the change was desirable and necessary. Itwas no light mat ter to change the muskets in the hande of an army. It was admitted that the Enfield rifle was a good as the rifle of any army in the world ; and it woulelead to enormous expence and inconvenience if they werenow all at once to alter the bore of that weapon. -He was cot prepared t 3 as sent to the motion, because a committee ef that house was not, in the opinion of the Government.a competent tri bunal to decide satisfactorily on a scienific question like this. Experiments would necessarily have to be made, and it was impossible for a committee of that bouse to superin tend those experiments. For this reason, therefore, he must decline to accede to the motion of his hor. friend. (Hear.) Mr. NEWDEGATE said that the bzeech-loading rifle was as superior to the Enfield as the Enfield was superior to the old arm, and he hoped a committee would be ap.• pointed to investigate the subject. Captain JERVIS said that this question ought not to be regarded as one between Mr. Whitworta and the Govern ment. The object was to get the best weapon for the army. How were a committee to investigate which was the best weapon ? The experiments should be carried on at Shoe buryness. There was not the slightest hostility to Mr. Whitworth or any one else on the part of the committee. The object was to procure the best arm for the army, and the Government had adopted that which at the time had been proved to be the best. Mr. MONSELL said that every effort had been made by the Government to procure the best weapon, but he agreed with the hon. gentleman who made the motion that the Go vernment should take speedy measures to test the relative merits of these 'ifles. He did not agree w:4 him, how ever, in thinking ;hat a committee would much help them to a solution of that question. They wanted to know what was the best weapon, and the cheapest, and then they would be able to cecide for themselves. He thought her Majesty's Government ought to have been more active during the last few years in this matter. Lord ELCHO believed for himself that it was as clear as day that the Whitworth was superior to the Enfield; but the Government ought to take speedy steps to place this beyond any doubt. It was proved by the experiments at Hythe that the average mean deflectioi of the Enfield was 17 inches at 500 yards, and of the Whitworth only 6 inches. Of the best weapons the mean deflection of the Enfield was 12 inches ; of the Whitworth, 31. As re garded the question of the large bore there had been an impression on the minds of sportsmen that they must have a large bore it order to kill deer, but Mr. Lancaster having introduced a small bore rifle there was now not a deer• stalker who well out with a large bore rifle. They could hit the deer mach easier with a small bore than with a large one. He hay heard it stated that during the recent war in Italy the Austrian soldiers had a small bore rifle and the French a large one, and that therefore they did not come out to fight again after being disabled so soon as the French. But the great thing was to disable the enemy for the time, and that was gaining some advantage. Now, as to fouling, the op nion of General Hay was that there was no fear of the snail bore rifle becoming foul, and he was also of opinion that the small bore rifle would be the best military arm to adopt, and he (Lord Elcho) had heard from General Hay that he was not satisfied with the manner in which the committee conducted their experiments. He thought it would be desirable if some independent inquiry by members of that house could be made as to the best mode of testing small arme, and ascertaining the results, and it would be well if they would examine General Hay and other military authorities on the subject. It should be remembered that XI% Whitworth was not a gun-maker, but the prince of tool-makers, and an outsider, and there fore there could be no doubt that there was some little feeling of prejudice against him. But it would be well if the Government would consider the opinion of Gene ral Hay : who hae no interest to serve in this matter. All that he had to do at Hythe was to try every musket sent there, and the result of every small arm, of whatever country, so tried was registered, and the figures might be seen by any hon. member. (Rear, hear.) The National Rifle Association, when her Majesty graciously offered a prize of £250. thought that, for the honour of England, the longest possible range should be adopted, and if they had thought the Enfield rifle could carry 1,000 yards they would have recommended it, because it was the weapon with which the majority of the volunteers were armed. They could not, however, depend upon that rifle for extreme accuracy at a range above 600 yards, and the result of all their experiments was in favour of Mr. -Whit worth's rifle, and the Queen's prize would be shot for from that arm. In 1852, at the desire of Lord Hardinge, experiments were made, and they gave this result—that at a distance of 500 yards there was a mean elevation of 35 inches ; while, in 1857, Mr. 'Whitworth had constructed a rifle which when fired from the shoulder, at the same dis tance, gave only a deviation of 41 inches. (Hear, hear.) These figures showed the great improvements which had taken place in the manufacture of small arms during the last few years, and how desirable it was that the Government should make further experiments. (Hear, hear.) Mr. CROSSLEY said what had made Lancashire and Yorkshire so celebrated was the great improvements in machinerymade by country machinery and not by hand, and in that part Mrilitworth had taken a high position. Now, if they appointed a committee of members of the of that house, they would be able to examine into all the improvements made in small arms which would be brought before them from all parts of the world ; and for his own part he should be much better satisfied in voting the sup plies, if he knew they would be turned to the best advun , tags in producing the best aria s . (Hear, hear.) Lord PALMERSTON would assure the house that the Government were fully alive tb the necessity of watching all these improvements, in order that they might furnish the army with the best possible weapon. The great improve ments made during the last fey years would be sufficient proof that the Government had given their best attention to the subject. But as had been stated by his hon. friend near him, this was an inquiry which belonged to the War Department of the Government rather than to the House of Commons. With all deference to the house, of late there had been a tendency to assum e to themselves the executive and administrative functions of the Government ; and those were functions which the horse could not properly or use fully perform. A committeewculd be able to examine per sons, but it would be requis i t e that there should be some persons capable of verifying the reports of those whomthey might examine, and that could only be done by the War Department. There was no reason to suppose that the War Department and those whoa they employed could have any prejudice in the matter or interest to serve in coming to a decision ; their only desire was to arrive at the truth, and to secure the best weapon for the army, and not only as regarded the superiority of one weapon over an other, but whether it would be such as to counterbalance the extra expenses and other matters consequent upon a change )f the small arms of the service. The Government were at this time pursuing those very inquiries which the noble brd said ought to be one of the objects of the committee, and he thought the matter ought to be left in their hands. (Hear, hear.) Col. VIVIAN, in reply, would withdraw any imputation which might have been cast upon the impartiality of the committee, and begged tc withdraw his motion. Colonel D. PENNANT' was glad to hear that the hon. gentleman had withdravn the charge which he had made against the committee for he could hardly conceive that they were influenced byany feeling of partiality in the per formance of the duties brown upon them. (H ear.) The motion was ther by leave of the house withdrawn. CO-OPERATIVE ANTD PROVIDENT SOCIETIES. Mr. SLANEY obtaned leave to bring in a bill to amend and extend the act elating to co-operative and provident societies. EDUCATION. Mr. DILLWYN DSO to call the attention of the house to certain inaccuracies which occur in the report of the commissioners appohted to inquire into the state of popular education, and to move an address for a copy of the report to the cominissienes appointed to inquire into the state of popular education Jy the committee appointed by them for the purpose of oitaining an enumeration of Dissenters' schools. Ile haebeen informed that Government did not intend to oppose tie motion. _ . Sir G. C. LE VIS had no objection to tho production of the paper askedfor ; he should merely mention that the in accuracy complined of was accidental.—Agreed to. CROWN SUITS LIMITATION. Mr. MO NTN.GUE SMITH moved for leave to bring in a bill to amen( the act of the ninth year of King George 111. chapter 16, fcr quieting possessions against the Crown, and certain acts slating to suits by the Duke of Cornwall. The SOLICITOR-GENERAL agreed to the motion, and leave was even to bring in the bill. GREENWICH HOSPITAL. Mr. WRITBREAD (for Lord C. Paget) obtained leave to bring in a bill to amend the law relating to Greenwich Hospital. ATLANTIC STEAM PACKET COMPANY. On the motion of Mr. GREGORY, the following select committee was nominated :—Mr. Walpole, Sir J. Trollope, Sir M. Peto, Mr. Brown Westhead, Mr. Ker-Seymer, Mr. Pee', and Mr. Gregory. Sir J. Graham excused on the score of ill-health. SUPPLY.—ARMY ESTIMATES. The house went into committee of supply on the army catima to, The first vote moved was, £691,051 to defray the charge of barracks. Mr. B. OSBORNE thought it could not be said that the parsimony of Parliament had ever interfered with the mili tary expenditure. Parliament, instead of being parsimo nious, had been lavish in all votes connected with the army, and it seemed to be accepted as a dogma by the house that whatever the Minister called for with respect to military expenditure must be granted almost sub silentio. What had been the case of military expenditure with regard to Alder shott since the Crimean war? He thought our greatest monument of extravagance was to be found in that camp. It was originally intended to be a camp for assembling a certain number of troops in summer for bodily exercise. The first vote was for £lOO,OOO. The camp, however, had been converted into a large permanent barracks, and the committee was called upon, this year, for £40,000 more. The camp had been a great mistake from beginning to end. The site selected was a swamp very difficult to drain, and there was no supply of water. It was the dearest purchase ever made. The Royal Engineers were set to work to open wells in all directions only to fill them up again, and at length they were obliged to call in a civil engineer —Mr. Simpson—who succeeded in getting a supply of water from two miles off and at great expense. An expense of £12,800 was afterwards gone to in gravelling the place, and he found in the estimates of 1854-55 a grant was taken of £175,000 for temporary buildings which xi ere called huts. Those huts were not only found to be of infamous design, but were not even weathertight, and were obliged to be covered with patent felt at an expense of £14,000. That, however, did not succeed in rendering them watertight, and they were therefore tarred. In fact the total cost of the temporary huts had been £796,100, considerably above half-a •million of money. Those huts were at the present moment in a state of rottenness and decay, and he begged to ask distinctly what the Government intended to do with respect to them. After a time it was resolved to erect permanent barracks at Alder shott, at an expense of £250,000, but instead of selecting a site which would allow of expansion, the authorities went to the very verge of the property they had purchased, and fixed the site in a hollow. They, however, had provided no site for a hospital, and were therefore obliged to give the proprietor of adjoining land £2,000 for a couple of acres for the purpose of building a hospital. (Hear.) A town had since :sprang up on the e.djoining property, containing everything of a demoralising tendency. (Hear, hear.) There never had been such a succession of blunders made as had been made in this Aldershott business. The cookhouses were placed under the barracks instead of being dotaohod, and the arrangements forcooking were extremely defective. Originally there were iron stoves erected for 20,000 men, but they were soon condemned and sold for old iron. That was the ca.so with the first cooking apparatus. A very able officer of artillery—Capt. Grant—was then called upon. Capt. Grant established a very successful cooking apparatus for 50,000 men, but he (Mr. B. Osborne) had lately been informed that the gallant officer's apparatus was now to be knocked on the head, and a new official was to be intro duced, to be called an instructor of military cookery. (Laughter.) This instructor of military cookery—Mr. Warrenner—had got an apparatus put up as an experi ment—experiments were very costly things—(hear, hear) —and if the experiment succeeded he (the hon. member) supposed they would probably have another item in the estimates for new stoves. A new system for ventilating the barrack grates had been introduced, and some thousand grates which had been put up at an expense of £25,000, had, he believed, since been condemned, and sold for old iron. He wished that some hon. member would move for a return of the cost of all barrack stores supplied to and condemned at Aldershott. The vote for that camp had swollen to a million and a half, and yet they had only 25,000 men there for all that outlay. He thought he had brought forward enough to show that it was high time that some steps should be taken to put a stop to such a system. (Hear, hear.) He trusted, if there was any solid good sense in the country;or any regard in that house for the public finances, that this example of Aldershott would be taken as an example to be shunned, and that hon. memlaers would not be contented year after year to vote these enormous sums for military expenditure without knowing whether they had got full value for their money, and were not paying through the nose for the maintenance of a standing army. (Hear.) Col. NORTH thought that what the hon. gentleman had said with regard to the expense of Aldershott was perfectly correct. Mr. MONSELL said it was quite true that the land for the camp at Aldershott was purchased for £2O an acre, and that afterwards it was necessary to incur an expense of £26,000 for water and a considerable sum for drainage. If there had not been certain disadvantages it would have been impossible to have purchased it for so small a sum as £2O an acre. It was one of the cheapest purchases that was ever made, and he believed that if it . were put up for sale now it would fetch more than the cost, including the expense in curred for water and drainage. Col. UILPIN said at the proper time he should move that the vote be reduced by £1,150. (Hear.) Sir J. PAXTON denied that Sir F. Smith had had any thing to do with the design of the huts. Mr. H. LEWIS said the subject brought forward by the hon. member for Liskeard raised the question whether in future a military camp should be laid out under the super intendence of military or civil engineers. Mr. HASSAItD complained that the barracks at Water• ford were not lighted with gas, although a main of gas ran close in front of the building. Capt. JERVIS said that the cheapest buildings were said to be those that were built at the expense of the counties, Lately in Hampshire a lunatic asylum had been built at the cost of £l5O a head, which was considered to be a very cheap erection ; whereas the barracks at Aldershott did not cost more than £6O a head. Mr. WILLIAMS objected to the large items proposed for barracks at Chelsea, and for the purchase of land for military purposes at Gravesend. Col. DICKSON begged to move the reduction of the vote of £lO,OOO for the camp at Aldershott by £7,000, be cause he thought it was a great mistake to have so crowded a camp. Amongst other evils the morality of the soldier suffered from the temptations to debauchery which assailed him at Aldershott, a place which had become a perfect sink of iniquity. The accounts about the great advantages of Aldershot were one great sham. (Hear.) Looking at the erection of stabling of a mere permanent character as a step towards making the camp still more permanent, he moved the reduction of the vote by £7,000. Gen. LINDSAY contended that the hon. and gallant gentleman who had just spoken had greatly exaggerated the demoralisation and other circumstances connected with the camp at Aldershott. The camp had done the country some goed, though no doubt it had been made too much of a permanent character. The CHAIRMAN observed that, although the vote for the camp was £40,000, yet the vote for the present year was only £7,000. The amendment therefore would be that the whole of this £7,000 be refused. Mr. B. JOHNSON thought the £7,000 would be well laid out in the improvement of the stables at Aldershott. Mr. T. G. BARING defended the vote. He said there had been several discussions in the house relative to Alder shott, and tha same points raised to-night by the hon. mem ber for Liskeard had frequently been raised and decided upon on former occasions. No part of the vote was more re quired than that for the cavalry stables at Aldershott, and he hoped the house would not agree to the reduction pro posed. Col. KNOX supported the amendment for the reduction of the vote. He was anxious to know what Government proposed to do with the huts at Aldershott. Lord PALMERSTON thought the discussion had taken a wider range than belonged t the vote proposed to the committee. They had been discussing whether they ought to have bought a large tract of land for general movements of the troops, and whether.it was expedient to have per manent barracks upon the land or use huts in lieu of barracks, and they had been discussing the question whether the command of the troops should be conti nued for a certain time to certain officers, or whether changed frequently for the better instruction of officers. No doubt these were interesting topics to hon. gentlemen who wished to discuss them, but they did not belong to the voto before them, which was one for the moderate sum of £7,000 for the purpose of building stabling. The argument of the hon. member for Liskeard (Mr. B. Osborne) went the length of recommending that the whole thing should be broken up and the land sold, the hutspulled down, and sold for firewoood, and the barracks converted to other uses. If the hon. gentleman would make a distinct proposition to the committee they would have something to discuss, but at present he hoped the committee would not be led away from the question before them to discuss these general questions, which had nothing to do with it. (Hear, hear.) He wondered that his hon. friend the member for Liskeard should doubt the expediency of establishing a camp at Al dershott. The British Government had taken the hint from the French camp at Boulogne ; and the French, in their turn, taking example from Aldershott, established a much larger camp at Chalons, and the expense ©f that camp was much greater than ours. Another object ion was, that the establishment of the camp at Aldershott led to immorality on the part of the men. But were they to put them in a desert ? What was Portsmouth, or London, or any other place where soldiers were quartered? The great complaint against Aldershott was that it was too lonely—that there were no amusements for the men. Again, it was urged that they had pitched their camp at a great expense in wild and uncultivated ground, but did gentlemen think that they should have purchased 9,000 acres of arable land to be levelled and laid out as a crimp? He trusted that under all the circumstances the house would see the propriety of giving the means of com pleting the Artillery Barracks, which were confessed to be SO necessary for the camp. Lord J. MANNERS wished to know whether the effect of the vote would be to give increased accommodation for the horses. In his time a case had occurred in which for want of space the horses of the Blues had to be placed in stables which had been previously occcupied by glandered horses. • Mr. BARING was understood to say that it would have have that effect. Mr. OSBORNE contended that he was quite in order in going into the general question. When ho brought the subject before the house on a previous occasion, ho was told to wait for the present as the proper time; now he was told that this was not the time, lie was n ot surprised to hear the noble lord defend Aldershott, which was in fact his own child. His hon. friend the Under Secretary re minded him that he (Mr. Osborne) had voted for Alder shott when in office. So he had, it was true, but nobody knew better that in the case of subordinate officials, " Suffering was the badge of all our tribe." (Loud laugh•- ter.) He contended that the camp was originally intended to be a camp for 4,000 men, and to be a camp for exercise in summer, but not as a permanent camp for a large body of troops. Mr. JOHNSTONE said that the hon. member had mis quoted and mis-stated everything he had said. (A laugh.) Lord PALMERSTON said that his hon. friend the mem ber for Liskeard asserted that he (Lord Palmerston) denied to the house the right of discussing the general question of the policy of Aldershott, and insisted that hon. members should confine themselves to the stables. He had done no such thing, but had merely said that the vote was for the stables. He must say that his hon. and gallant friend ex cited the deepest compassion. He had described his extreme suffering when in office on being called upon to agree to this vote. It was really lamentable to think of all he had gone through, but it was refreshing now to see how he in demnified himself for all that privation. (Laughter.) The burst of freedom and volubility of opinion with which his hon. friend had came out that evening could be compared to nothing but the thawing of Baron Munchausen's post horn—(loud laughter)—the harmony of which having been frozen up during a long winter came out strong,if not sweet, at the approach of the spring, when, like the hon. member, it was released from the icy fetter of office. (Laughter.) He trusted his hon. friend would not suppose that he (Lord Palmerston) meant only to nibble at his arguments. His hon. friend might set his mind easy on that head ; he begged to contradict everything his hon. friend had stated. Mr. OSBORNE complained of being made the victim of an old joke, and said the real question was, whether they were to squander a million and a half on this camp. Lord PALMERTSON admitted that he had, in 1857, stated a limit for Aldershott, but asserted that that limit was somewhere about the same as the actual establishment. After a conversation the committee divided— For the amendment Against it Majority ... Mr. CHILDERS said with respect to the barracks at Colchester he wished to ask for some explanation as to the manner in which this vote had very much increased. Sir F. SMITH also wished to know what they wanted with an enormous establishment at Gravesend, costing £60,000, while they had Chatham within seven or eight miles, where there were ample means of teaching soldiers to fire ball cartridge. Mr. T. BARING said with regard to Colchester what was put on the estimate was perfectly clear. The first item was £lO,OOO, which was part of £60,000, the total esti mated cost. Nothing further was proposed for Colchester this year, and he knew nothing of the magnificent scheme the hon. member for Pontefract spoke of. Mr. OSBORNE moved that the vote of £20,000 for the establishment of rifle ranges, the cost of the hotel at Alder shot and other matters, be reduced by £lO,OOO. The amendment was put and negatived without a division. General LINDSAY called attention to the improvements which might be introduced into the system of military cook ing by the general use of Captain Grant's apparatus. Lord FERMOY moved that the chairman should report progress. Mr. MONSELL concurred in the motion. Lord PALMERSTON hoped the house would allow this vote to be taken. One vote had been under discussion since nine o'clock, and if they went oa reporting progress in this manner it was impossible to say when the session would come to an end. The motion for reporting progress was negatived with out a division. Mr. BRUCE proposed the reduction of the vote by £15,000 for the increase of the military college of Sand hurst. Mr. BARING said it was not proposed that this should be a special college for education for any length of time, like Woolwich ; but the new system would not come into operation till 1863, and further details would be furnished with respect to it. Lord FERMOY said that Government were asking the house to agree to a vote upon the disposal of which they had not themselves made up their minds. He thought the better way would be to postpone the vote. Mr. BARING said that in 1863 all direct commissions would cease, and candidates would havo to be previously educated in Sandhurst. The Commander-in-Chief and the Minister for War were anxious to commence preparations as soon as possible. Mr, CONINGHAM wished to know whether pupils would be admitted by competition or nomination. Mr. T. G, BARING said that each candidate would take his turn on the list. Sir L. PALK moved that the committee report progress. Motion negatived. Mr. BRUCE moved that £15,000 for Sandhurst be omitted from the vote. Mr. FITZGERALD was in favour of further discussion on this vote. The Government had in reality given the house no information as to the mode in which officers were in future to be admitted into the army. Mr. AYRT ON appealed to the Under-Secretary to omit this item from the whole vote. Mr. BARING suggested that the discussion might be taken on the education vote. The committee divided— For the amendment 49 Against it Colonel GILPIN moved that the vote for sanitary pur poses be reduced by £1,150. Mr. BARING defended the vote. Colonel DICKSON moved that the chairman report pro gress. Lord PALMERSTON was sure the house must feel there was nothing more important than the preservation of the health of the army. It was a subject of constant complaint that the arrangements with regard to the soldier's health had not been such as to give general satisfaction. He thought no money could be better 'laid out than that which was devoted to guarding the soldier against injury to health. Tho motion for reporting progress was negatived without a division. The committee then divided on the amendment— Ayes Noes After some conversation, The vote was agreel to, and the Chairman reported pro gress. CIVIL SERVICE ESTIMATES. Mr. F. PEEL would take that opportunity of saying that he proposed to take the packet service vote on Thursday next, if he could arrange to do so. HARBOURS BILL. This bill was read a third time and passed. CHATHAM DOCKYARD ENLARGEMENT BILL. This bill was read a third time and passed. The Labourers Cottages (Stamp Duty) Resolution was agreed to. The other orders were disposed of, and the house ad journed at a quarter to two o'clock. TEE PRICE OF GOLD. The quotation of gold at Paris is aboutl3 per mille prem., and the short exchange on London is 25.35 per £1 sterling. On comparing these rates with the Engli s h Mi nt price of £3 17s. 100. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold is 4-10ths per cent. dearer in London than in Paris. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 4276 per mark, and the short exchange on London is 13.7 k per £1 sterling. Standard gold at the English Mint price is, therefore, about 6-10ths per cent. dearer in London than in Hamburg. The course of exchange at New York on London for bills at 60 days' sight is 105} to 106 per cent., which, when compared with the Mint par between the two countries, shows that the exchange is against England, But, after making allowance for loss of interest and charges of transport, the present rate leaves little, if any, profit on sending gold to the United States. 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The Queen, being desirous of affording to the Priaces, Chiefs, and People, of the Indian Empire, a public and signal testimony of her regard, by the institution of an Order of Knighthood, whereby her resolution to take upon herself the Government of the territories in India may be commemorated, and by which her Majesty may be enabled to reward conspicuous merit and loyalty, has been graciously pleased, by letters patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Groat Britain and Ireland, to:institute, erect, constitute, and create, an order of knighthood, to be known by, and have for ever hereafter, the name, style, and designation, of "The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India." And to ordain, direct, and appoint that the said Order shall consist of the Sovereign, a Grand Master, and twenty five Knights, together with such extra and honorary Knights as her Majesty, her heirs and successors, shall from time to time appoint. . And to ordain, direct, and appoint, that her Majesty, her heirs and successors, Kings and Queens Regnant et' the said United Kingdom, shall be Sovereigns of the said most exalted Order. And that the Viceroy and Governor-General of India for the time being shall be Grand Master of the said Order, and that he shall, in virtue thereof, be the first and principal Knight of the Order. And that the said most exalted Order shall be governed by statutes and ordinances, to be from time to time made and ordained by her Majesty, her heirs, and successors, Sovereigns of the said Order. And to ordain and direct that it shall be competent for the Sovereign of the said Order to confer the dignity of a Knight of the Order upon such Native Princes and Chiefs of India as shall have entitled themselves to her Majesty's favour, and upon such of her Majesty's British subjectii as have by important and loyal services rendered by them to the Indian Empire, merited her Majesty's favour. The Queen has been further pleased to ordain, consti tute, and appoint the Ri g ht H on . Charles John, Earl Canning, Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, and Her Majesty's Viceroy and Gover nor-General of India, to be the first Grand Master of the said Most Exalted Order of the Star of India; And to nominate and appoint His Highness Nizam-001-Moolk, Nuwab Tuyinat Ali Khan, Nizam of Hydrabad, General the Viscount Gough, K.P., G.C.B.,some time Commander-in-Chief of Her Majesty's orces in the East Indies, His Highness Jyajee Rao Sindhia, Maharaja of Gwalior, The Lord Harris, some time Governor of the Presidency of Madras, His Highness Maharaja Duleep Singh, General the Lord Clyde, G.C.8., lately Commander-in- Chief of Her Majesty's Forces in the East Indies, His Highness Runbeer Singh, Maharaja of Cashmere, Sir George Russell Clerk, K.C.8., Governo r o f the Presi dency of Bombay, His Highness Tookoojee Rao Holkar, Maharaja of Indore, His Highness Maharaja Khunde Rao, Guicowar of Baroda, The Right Honourable Si r John Laird Mair Lawrence, Baronet, G.C.8., lately Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab, His Highness Nurendur Singh, Maharaja of Putiala, Lieutenant-General Sir James Outram, Baronet, G.C.8., lately Member of the Council of the Governor-General of India, Her Highness Nuwab Sekunder Begum, of Bhopal, General Sir Hu g h H enry Rose, G.C.8., Commander-in- Chief of her Majesty's Forces in the East Indies, and His Highness Yoosuf Ali Khan, Nuwab of Rampore, to be Knights of the said Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. The Queen, in order to mark the high sense and esteem in which her Majesty holds the said order, and to give an additional proof of her affectionate regard for his Royal Highness the Prince Consort, and his Royal Highness Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, has been pleased to nominate and appoint their Royal Highnesses to be Extra Knights of the said Most Exalted Order of the Star of COUNTRY DiA.REETS. BRISTOL-JUNE 25. At our market to-day there was an average attendance of millers, who were buyers of wheat to a moderate extent at no reduction on last week's prices. Beans, peas, barley, and oats 6d per qr lower. LEEDS-JUNE 25. Our market to-day was fairly attended by millers, but the trade in wheat was of a dull character, at a decline of is to 2s upon last Tuesday's rates. Beans and oats ra ther lower. Barley and other articles unaltered. LIVERPOOL--Jurrz 25. There was a large attendance of the town and country trade at this morning's market; and we had a much better trade doing in wheat, and sales effected at an improvement on last week. Flour was a brisk sale at higher quotations. Oats maintained their value, but oatmeal was 6d to is per load decline on the week. Barley, beans and peas difficult to move, and 2d per 601 b, and is 2s per qr cheaper. In dian corn attracted more attention—American mixed, 28s 6d; white, 31s 6d to 33s 6d per 4801 b ex quay. SLEAFORD—JUNE 25. The attendance was moderate to-day, with a tolerable supply of wheat. Trade slow, and is to 2s per qr cheaper. White wheat ruled at 58s to 625, red 50s to 55s per qr. Barley was in limited supply, and dull, at 37s to 43s ; oats in dull demand, at lower prices, . 22s to 30s; beans from 44s to 58s ; peas, —s to —s. NEWCASTLE-UNDE.U,L YNE—JUNE 25. At this corn market there was a middling show of wheat. The trade was slow, and prices were at a decline of is to 2s on last week's rates—white making 608 to 665, red bOa to 60s. The supply of barley was small, and not much changed in value. Oats were in limited request, with a slow sale, from 24s to 28s per 24 stone. Beans met with an easier sale, from 44s to 60s per qr. NORWICH CATTLE. The show of store cattle to-day was both large and good. The trade was slow, with a small attendance. More than one-fourth remained unsold. Scots, 4s Od to 4s 6d ; shorthorns 3s 6d to 4s ; Irish, 3s Od to 3s 6d ; Devons, 4s t o 5 s 6d (estimated weight when fat). Fat beasts a good show, but sales dull, at 78 6d to 8s Od per 141 b. __ Sheep—There was a good supply of sheep in the pens. Fat sheep, 8s Od to 8s Gd per stone ; prime, Os Od. Pigs—A fair supply. Store pigs, 16s to 20s ; fat pork, 7s 6d to 7s 9d per stone. THE MAILS. MAILS DUE. Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South ampton) .. • • .. July 19. Do. (via Ma rse ill es ) July 13. Brazil and Cape Verds .. • . July 4. Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &c. Cuba and Mexico . • .. J une ;es, Canada, &c. (via L'derry) June 26. Cape of Good Hope, &c. July 2. China, Penang, and Singapore (via'S'ampton) July 2. Do (via 'Marseilles) June 26. Gibraltar (via Southampton) . .. June 25. India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) July 2. Do. (via Marseilles) June 26. India (Bombay), (via Southampton) .. June 25. Do. (via Marseilles) .. .. Overdue. Lisbon .. „. July 1. Malta, Egypt, and Aden (via Southampton) .. June 25. Do. (via Marseilles) .. Overdue. Vigo, and Oporto .. July 1. United States, California, &c. .. June 26. Western Coast of Atrica, Madeira, Teneriffe .. July 10. West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &o. June 28. The necessity for distrusting all accounts of in jury to crops in their early stages has again been exempli fied by the present prospects of the Ffench vintage. In March and April last it was announced that in all the prin cipal districts injury from frost had been sustained which left no possibility of recovery, and we are now assured that in all parts of France the vineyards, with some very few exceptions, present the most favourable appearance. In deed, it is said that "for the last ten years they have not looked finer." [ADVERTISEMENT.] Pills and medicine invariably ag gravate and perpetuate diseases; their annoyance, dis appointment, and expense may be avoided by persons in indifferent health sending only their address to E. S. Barry, Esq., 77, Regent-street, W., L on d on, an d they will receive gratis and free by post the " INVALIDS' Owl GUIDE," or Natural Restorer, without medicine or eM pnise, of perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lunge, and refreshing sleep, to the most enfeebled, insuring the remov al of indigestion (dyspepsia), constipation, liver coluPl a ! u . nausea, epilepay,paralyeis, debility, nervousness,P cough, asthma, consumption, dropsy, flatulency', diarrholk t i dysentery, biliousness, fevers, sore throats, c atarrhs, colds , noises in the ears, rheumatism, gout, impurit ies ' eru p ti on° , hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, palpi. tation, heartburn, headache, despondency', cramps, spasms, to health." , sinking, fi ts, bronchitis.—"Unnueationably the 811 1 P Guide BIRTH S ' ELRINGTON.—On the 221/Ist., at Eastbliry •-.. kr anor House, o t f h a e 2 d 2 a d ug i h n t s e t r . : Rifle Bri gSaudrree,ye,ftahesowni.fo of Lieut.-Colonel Elringto n , the 24th inst., at Laverstod House, Hants, PORTAL.—On the Lady Charlotte Portal, of a SOIL 11 P in e -vete at r e_s S K L E a LS y f E s R k S e nt ra L e E r s. MARRIAGS. 80 - vs—ELLis.—On the 20 th inst., at H ampstea d par i s h Esq., of B e l size-road, Hampstead , c to hu k r 'r e a h nc j er Geasrrßaotty,s'eldest daughter of Richard Ellis, s s7t , Esq., of Northampton. Limo—HENRY.--011 the 24th jai. Benj. Lindo, Esq.,iff Edward 31, B Henry,i Burton-cres cent c Ereqc to Billah, eldest daughter of 3, Ring-street, Finsbury. DEATHS. ABINGER.—On the 24th inst., at Abinger Hall, the Right Hon. Robert Campbell Scarlett, Baron Abinger, aged 67. COLEMAN.—On the 21st inst., at Chichester, Mr. George Francis Coleman, late of Alpha Cottage, Camberwell, aged 46. HO GHTON.—On the 24th inst., at Dover, Henry, son of Sir Henry B o ld H og ht on , Bart., aged 1d years.. PURSELL.—On the 24th inst., at Mile-end, Mr. R. Pur sell, aged 79. SHARP.—On the 24th inst., at 13, Nelson-square, Black - friars-road, Mr. Thos. S. Sharp, aged 62. olonel Teale, Staff Officer of e ld L e E s t . TEA—On daugh th te e r 2 o 3 f d L in ie s u l 7... a c t Hull, Caroline A. F. Teale, Pensioners, Hull, aged 23. LONDON : Printed and Published by DIURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TIIE SuN Oftce, No. 112,Straud , in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the QQty of Middieseit WecineailitY, June 26, 186.1. ~.._, • die ft.( sp ki( sa: