The Sun. — London, England, 1861-08-31 00:00:00

ALFRED MELLON'S PROMENADE CONCERTS. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN• Band of nearly 100 Performers. Mdlle. PAREPA Every Evening. Commence at Eight. Promenade, One Shilling. Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. n.."‘ .H.EA yfß;:rl-.RO Y AL, IiAYMA.RKET. Lessee, Mr. J. IL Bnaketate. TITTA EVENING the Ballet, BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. M 133 Fanny Wright, the Leclercqs, Mr. Webster, itc. After which, a new Comedy, entitled THE SOFT SEX. Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Buckstone. Mr. Compton, Mr. E.Tilliers, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Wilkins, &e. And THE BALANCE OF COMFORT. Miss M. Oliver. Commence a 7. - KT EW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPIII.- 11 Sole Proprietor and I%Tana , er, Mr. B. Webster. • THIS EVENING, THE HOP PICKERS. Supported by Messrs. D. Fisher, J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Billington, Miss w o o r, Miss Kate Kelly, Arc. After which, ONE TOUCH OF NATURE. Mr. Benj. Webster and Miss H. Simms. Folio Wed by THE MIDNIGHT SPECTRE. Messrs, J L. Toole and Paul Bedford. - To coneude with DOMESTIC ECONOMY. Mr. Toole and Miss K. Kelly. Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Mannzer—Vr. Edmund Falconer. WITS EVENING, and dnrinm the week, the new and suc cessful comedy, WOMAN; or, Love against the World. Chara^ters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Vezin, J. Robins, Mrs. Charles Young, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray„ and Miss Lydia Thomson. - - - To conclude with, each evening:. a new and original farce entitled THE FETCHES; or, The Onconvanience of Single Life. Tim O'Reilly, Mr. Edmund Falconer; Mary O'Brady, Miss Lydia Thompson. Pricos as usual. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7 Box-office open daily from 11 till 5. i rt A N rERBURY HA LL CONCERTS , ' 1 !„' AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. -- - Two Grand Selections from Operas, including UN BALLO IN MASCHERA. arranged and conducted by Mr. Jongh mans. Mr. Wood and his talented little Son. The extraor dinary comic duet, "The Nerves," by Harvey and French, Mr. Marshall in " The Excursion to Brighton," " Selina Sly," and "In the Park." And Miss Harriet Coveney Every Evening. Admission—Hall, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, is. CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS AND FINE ARTS GALLERY.—SAM COVirELL, the Prince of Comic Vocalists, will make his First Appearance since his return to England on MONDAY, the 2d of September. Admission—Hall, 6d. ; Stalls and Balcony, I.s. O X F O R D, 6, OXFORD-STREET. Open Every Evening. Selections from "La Traviats," "Un Ballo in Maschera," dm., by Miss Russell, Messrs. C. Greville, Worley, Tivoli, and H. Herbert, with full band and chorus. Other vocal and instrumental music of the highest order, and varied attractive entertainments. The Comic portion by Messrs. M. P. Foster (in his " Life Sketches"), , Sam Collins, Harvey, and French (the Nerves), EM . arshall and W. Randall. Hall, sixpence ; Balcony and Stalls. one Private Boxes, 10s. 6d. A grand selection from Verdi's new opera, " Simon I3occanegra," produced on the most complete scale, with additional principals, and aug mented band and chorus. will be presented (for the first time in England) on MONDAY next, arranged and conducted by Mr. Jonghmans. rii H E HIGH WATER. AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DA.Y.—Morning, 9h. 24m.—Afternoon, 10h. 10m. To-molutow.-Morning, 10h. 52m.—Afternoon, 11h. 30m. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, AUGUST 31, 1861. THERMOMETER, IN THE BHADB. 71—highest since noon yesterday. 62—lowest this morning and during the night. 69 —this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.32. WIND—South-Westerly — light ; with fine weather. ~. ..). . ij . ,-, ... 4. . ii %- - ..:: - , 0 , ©I. An i ,.. .._ c\ Cfn ~. .-'75,..;:t----:17Q.-_>:t3W ~ rP ••• 2 74. r.-.Iv-0. - ',- - '49 .- i;:', - , - ,'' , .:',' - - k ;* - ' -. lz--4 4:,* .. , t ' ' ... . , zr..,,,,,••• - ,:, - _____,• „ _- - .'.1.....rier . bri - --.......___ L4 1, . ' 4 t •,,0 s bl:o 1r ' ,_-- - k-':' 4, '''P aa , ; ' ..,...f '• THE SUN, LONDON, THE SUN. F.DON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 31, 1861. The Oracle has again spoken. Another French Pamphlet has just issued, hot pressed, from the great official publisher's. Another little chicken of the Gallic Cock (or is it Eagle ?) has just chipped the shell and is singing like chanticleer. The Emperor, Rome, and the King of Italy. That is the title of it. And it is certainly a title epigram matic enough, and, at the same time, comprehen sive enough for every purpose. It hits the sore place at once—this keen shaft seemingly thrown at random. Nay,the pen of the pamphleteer not only touenes the gangren&l wound upon the very title page of the brochure, but in that single touch probes it down to the bottom. Opening the -pages that lie underneath—the " Oracle" for once, speaks out very plainly indeed, directly to /he point, and not in the least in the old .oracular way, that is—ambiguously. Direct ing, as it were, the dexter finger of his left hand pointedly at Rome, the Imperial pamphleteer writes, in fact, in words as plain as plain can be— " France is about to withdraw her troops." That in itself might be regarded as sufficient : but no— more follows immediately—" and the principle of non-intervention will be strictly maintained." It is added, thereupon—of course for the encourage ment or re-assurance of the Catholic Powers— that " There is not a single guarantee, either moral or material, which has not been offered by the Italian Ministers [that is by the Baron RICASOLI and his colleagues] for the independence of the Sovereign Pontiff." Ob serve, " for the independence"—not of the earthly prince, not of the master of 2,000,000 or 3,000,000 of men ! The line of demarcation is drawn here, more sharply and distinctly Him ever it has been drawn yet during all this war of independence— betwleen the temporal and the spiritual authority of the Government at Rome. It is " the independ ence of the Sovereign Pontiff " that is said to be ensured thus by every conceivable moral and mate rial guarantee. The intimation that follows imme diate:l upon this must surely be allowed by everyone—by Ricisont and MERODE, by GARI PALDI and ANTONELLI, by " Brigand " and " Sardinian," by Reactionist and Revolutionist alike,— to be at length coming point-blank to the very root of things: not any longer, as the phrase is, beating about the bush, but fairl y tearing it up by the roots ! We have already yen it announced " France is about to withdraw " We now have the passage about the " guarantees " before-mentioned, followed at once by this perfectly clear, perfectly deliberate, and perfectly comprehensible announcement—" If the Court of Rome obstinately persists in refusing, an appeal will be made to the Roman People." And more—" The Plebiscite will take place under the eyes of the French Army." And finally, our more than Delphic Oracle observes, in what constitutes quite a little resume of the programme row before Italy and Europe, " If VICTOR EMMANUEL is called upon to reign on the following day the French troops be relieved by the Italian troops—[there is no her troops.' shil:y-shallying here : the day and the movement .are both indicated quite plainly beforehand]—and," it is added, " the King of ITALY will publish the accordance agreed upon between him and the Catholic Powers, with a view to the independence of the Holy See." The pamphle teer hereupon adding—in a sort of lady's postscript— "Th e POPE may then act as he pleases." So much f or ) 4. DENT - CS new official brochure—i3sued.not as tarrni. , rly under the grandiose signature' of M. le Viseonat e DE LA GUERRONIERE, but like tho last "rare few,' of these wonderful pamphlets—"under aspiration"—that is the courtly phrase—of a certe an high Persona ge . rote E .4 rePe has this time the satisfaction o f km swing that "he" has at last spoken out — and, for once (so far as it goes), quite plainly. Still b e has given us such serious reasons be fore this to regar d even his seemingly frankest wor 3s and his apparently most disinterested acts with, suspicion that —we ask ourselves next—ls this reall 7 all? Has this new pamphlet actually said ever,yti !ling that there is to be said upon the sub- the 17 j ect of these fresh arrangements for the indepen dence of Italy. How about The Island of Sardinia ? Nay—remembering that in truth never-to-be-for gotten affair of Nice and Savoy—Now especially is of all times the time when a jealous and watchful regard ought to be kept upon the every turn, upon the every suspicion of a turn, in the policy of the French Government. Never yet has the French EMPEROR done an act of disin terestedness, but that it has directly after wards proved to have brought him some par ticular and positive gain in the shape of what we politely term " a consideration." Was he not the very QUIXOTE of Liberators in Lom bardy ? And did he not, immediately afterwards, pocket, with the dirtiest trickery and in the slyest fashion—Savoy and Nice ? Just before taking which provinces to himself in payment for his magnanimous (!) and disinterested (!!) aid to the Italians—he had again and again, through his Ministers, by word of mouth, and by written and printed documents, yet to be referred to, asserted in the most solemn manner, that he not only had not arranged to:have this very cession made to him, but that he had not even the, intention of ever arranging it. Directly after -..hich—Hey ! Presto ! Savoy and Nice had been fassed by a sleight of hand dodge" from the Royal CrOwn of Sardinia under the more capacious diadem of France ! What was the use of quarrelling then under the circumstances ? It was only a de lightful display of adroitness by the most skilful of Imperial thimbleriggers ! Bat now —lt is suspicious that we have only just a few days since been reading in the columns of the 211oni teur again one of those excessively solemn and deliberate, and positive assurances that France has not the evil-intention that is rumoured. It is suspicious, how very much like an echo of the disclaimer about Savoy, was this last disclaimer a day or two ago about Sardinia. France, it told us, had not arranged to take the Island of Sardinia : nay, France had never even thought of doing so. The words sound too familiarly not to waken our curiosity at once, not to pique our curiosity upon the instant, not to rouse us forthwith to the keenest and the most vigilant observation. Particularly now that this last official and oracular pamphlet comes forth from the Imperial press at Paris immediately afterwards—just, too, in the very nick of time ! When all the world is scattered upon its holidays. When everybody's attention is distracted by plea sure-seeking. When the English Parliament has been more than a month prorogued. When there is no longer that Argus-eyed British House of Commons sitting at Westminster. Above all, one cannot but see that this new Halcyon Project of NAPOLEON'S comes to us smiling in so very questionable a shape—remarking, as we cannot but remark, how it places his policy (his policy ! the policy of this filcher of Savoy and Nice, as the price of Lombardy !) in that old illusory guise of extravagant magraminity and exaggerated dis interestedness ! It is not a rumour of yesterday, mind ! that—As Savoy and Nice were the price paid down for the liberation of Lombardy—so has it long been an understood thing (all the virtuous indignation of the Moniteur to the contrary, nevertheless, notwithstanding!) that in return for the evacuation of Rome by the French troops, the French EMPEROR is to have ceded to him the Island of Sardinia. Now that Par liament is up, now that even the Cabinet is for the most part scattered—let Ministers look well to it that things do not fall ' out—as Mr. ROEBUCK only the other day declared there was danger of their doing—as we ourselves long before then had intimated they would do, in these columns, again and yet again very nearly in the same identical words. Viscount PALMER STON and Earl RUSSELL—but particularly Viscount PALMERSTON,. in his capacity as Prime Minister —will be held responsible by the House of Com mons for the preservation of the Island of Sardinia to Italy. A capital letter has been written to our chief morning contemporary by Mr. THOMAS ALCOCK, the Member for East Surrey. It has reference to the subject of our Metropolitan Improvements. The hon. gentleman begins by asking serio-comi cally, but really with some show of reason, whether it may not be that we are suddenly inspired by the brilliant example of the Emperor NAPOLEON in Paris, in setting to work, as we unquestionably are doing, to accomplish similar improvements here in our own metropolis ? Time enough certainly it is that in this way we should bestir ourselves, and that in earnest. And that we are virtually bestirring ourselves at last, Mr. AtcocK takes occasion at once to place beyond the further possibility of d , aubt in our own minds by enumerating a few of the great public works al ready commenced, or that are upon the very eve of commencing. For instance, he says—" A Thames embankment projected 36 years ago by Sir F. TRENCH is about to be commenced ; a great scheme for the drainage of the capital is in progress ; new Government offices are promised ; railways are in course of construction, which will facilitate metro politan locomotion ; Westminster-bridge is nearly completed ; a new bridge at Blackfriars is to re place the existing structure, and the old horse-ferry at Lambeth is to be superseded by a suspended highway." Very wisely the Member for East Surrey says nothing at all about the changes for the better that might be looked for among our London street statuary. For really if they were to be looked for, where in the name of PHIDIAS or of the ELGIN Marbles are they anywhree to be found P Not assuredly in that copper-coloured effigy, shining with as brazen a face as a new tea-kettle —that eccentric effigy of the brave HAVELOCK, in which the General wears a cloak as no sane man would ever dream of wearing a cloak under any conceivable combination of circumstances. Certainly a metropolitan improvement of this kind, that is to say, an improvement of a sculpturesque character is not to be looked for in that extraordi nary effigy of Fame or Honour, or some such allegorical personage crowning (literally crowning) the Guards' memorial in Waterloo-place. The back view of this same memorial, by •the w a y, i s grotesque enough in itself to demonstrate at once the folly of looking there for the improvement. But, after all, perhaps, the best view of any that can be obtained of the figure of Fame (we were going to say the figure of Fun) at the top of it—is when the spectator, haying walked westwards from it along Pall-mall, to a sufficient distance, turns upon his heel to contemplate Madame Fame, or Honour, or whoever she may be, anew. The ob server will there find from that point of view (it is because of this we strongly recommend it) that the allegorical young lady, with her arms extended, appears literally to be performing a perillous rope walk a la BLONDIN, upon the electric wire stretch ing across the roadway. A sketch of the Spectacle ti; us brought to light would not be unworthy of the per cil of one of Mr. Punch's delightful caricaturists. We hereby offer the hint, in fact, to our merry little friend, with our politest compliments. The metropolitan improvements alluded to by Mr. ALCOCK, thefefore, have nothing at all to do with our London statuary. They are of the broad and comprehensive character specified in the list we have already quoted from the hon. gentleman's letter to our contemporary. Having enumerated them, however, the writer goes on to comment upon that extremely fruitful theme for disquisition, the room there is for others—in too many instances the urgent necessity there is for others. He sets out with the well known fact—a fact that reveals not so very much disproportion between the results after all, if we will but bear in mind the different dimensions of the two rivers—that " while Paris, with a population under 2,000,000, possesses 24 bridges, London, with its 3,000,000 inhabitants, has only 8 bridges, and of these but three are free to the public." The member for East Surrey hastens to remark at once that "Waterloo-bridge is, indeed, an honour to the archi tect, as being the finest structure of its kind pro bably in the world;" but, he adds, and with reason, " it will continue a disgrace to our Government so long as it is subject to toll, which operates as a cause of obstruction in the parts contiguous to the free bridges." Again—while we are yet upon this subject of the toll-bridges still difiguring London—it may be as well to quote precisely in Mr. ALCOCK'S own words what it is he says about the iron bridge situated between London and Blackfriars-bridges. He writes thus upon this point—" Southwark-bridge is stil sealed against the public because the City authorities cannot agree with the proprietors as to its price, and while these two bodies are haggling about a few thousand pounds (instead of referring the matter to arbitration) the traffic between Middlesex and Surrey is impeded, and the character of the City and of city men is damaged." It is only after he has written all this, that he comes at length to the object of the communication in which it occurs. He offers to the public at large his own suggestion of yet another improvement for the metropolis, and an improvement, too, that will hold out the tempta tion of giving very fair promise indeed of proving eventually remunerative. The price of land in London he sets down as at (upon the average) £lOO,OOO the acre. He then enumerates the expenses involved in the construc tion of the different bridges of late years—viz., £3 ss. per foot for the new bridges at Westmin ster and at Blackfriars, £2 ss. per foot for the sus pension bridge at Battersea, and so forth. He after wards writes—" Let us suppose, then, a foot bridge to be built at St. Paul's or Charing-crose at a cost of .X 2 per foot, including a glazed roof. Such a structure, 1,000 feet long and 30 feet wide, afford ing a free thoroughfare 14 feet wide, and stalls on either side 8 feet square, would cost £60,000. Let us suppose further a series of shops on either side of this viaduct (250 in all), and that the rent of each was £5O a-year, this would produce a revenue of £12,500, which affords a profit of above 20 per cent., or, at £3O rent, £7,500, equal to 123 per cent. on the total outlay." "In fact," he says— " my proposition in brief is, to create cheap land by means of Bazaar Bridges, which shall, gra tuitously to the public, connect Middlesex with Surrey, and shall prove a remunerative specula tion to any company embarking in such a project." The idea is really, we cannot but think, a very good one. It is certainly quite good enough to be en titled to serious . examination. In this age of crystal roofs, and iron girders, and above all of engineering skill and commercial enterprise, we don't by any means despair of yet witnessing the realisation of the picturesque day-dream of the member for East Surrey. The realisation of a day dream, in point of fact, that would come admirably well in aid of the Thames Embankment. A NEW GUN.—Messrs. Deane and Son, of Lon don-bridge, have patented a gun, combining the novelty of a breech and muzzle loader in the same piece, which appears to us to be not only a very ingenious, but also a most im portant and excellent invention, and one that can scarcely fail of being highly appreciated in the sporting world, as it offers advantages in the field possessed, we believe, by no other weapon of its kind. Its appearance is that of an ordi nary muzzle-loading fowlingpiece, the nipples occupying their usual position in the patent breeches, and is dis charged, whether loaded at the breech or muzzle, by that universal favourite, the percussion cap. To load at the breech it is only necessary to move a small lever placed in the locality of the trigger guard, which unbolts the barrels and allows them to be pressed down for the reception of the cartridge, which is easily inserted. The cartridge is of the simplest construction, being a paper tube filled with powder and shot, having a muslin end to insure ignition. DR. CAPLIN'S CASE-BOOK.—This volume is pub lished by Mr. Balliere, and the object the author has in view is to show the efficiency of his recent discoveries in electricity as a curative agent, in opposition to the usual mode of treatment adopted by the medical profession in many of the various diseases to which flesh is heir to. The cases quoted slid the cures recorded are very surprising, and cannot fail to bring vividly before the imagination of the thoughtless the dangers encountered in leading a life of irregularity. The technical style in which medical works are generally composed is in the present case entirely avoided, and a well-written, plain, and comprehensible volume is the result. Even a casual reader cannot rise from its perusal without being a wiser man ; and that being the case, it deserves a wide and extensive circulation. A DANGER6IJS PLACE TO SLEEP IN.—A lament able accident occurred at Nice some days since, on the occasion of distributing prizes to the pupils of the Christian Brothers. The ceremony took place in the Theatre Tiranty, and a M. Gilly, accompanied by a friend, had the imprudence to place himself beside the ventilator in the ceiling, where both of them fell asleep. On awaking, about eight o'clock in the evening, Gilly, not remembering where he was, turned over, and was precipitated into the pit from a height of forty-five feet. His groans being heard, he was removed to a neighbouring house, and medical assistance procured, but he died two hours after. A BOY DROWNED IN THE RIVER.—An inquest was held on Thursday night at the Essex Head public house, Essex-street, Strand, before. Mr. Payne, coroner, on the body of Joseph Carpenter, a boy aged nine years. It appears from the statement of a boy, that he and the deceased were playing in a boat on the lower side of 'Westminster pier, when it capsized and they fell in the water; he laid hold of a rope, and was fortunately saved, but the tide carried the deceased away, and before any assistance could be rendered he sank and was drowned. A waterman's apprentice, named George 'Wilson, found his body floating by the Temple-pier, and brought it ashore. The jury returned a verdict of accidental death. THE CHARING CROSS RAILWAY COMPANY.— Yesterday Mr. Coombe gave his decision in this case, which was a dispute as to the loss Mr. Howard woulJ sus tain in removing from his house, which was required by the railway company. Mr. Rice, the claimant's valuer, thought he was entitled to about £9OO. The company offered £270 for loss of business, and £lOO for removal of stock, as the claimant was but a yearly tenant. The magis trate thought that £370 was a fair equivalent. Both parties were ordered to pay their own costs. THE PROPERTY OF THE MURDERED MRS. EMSLEY.—Yesterday Mr. Woolrych, the magistrate of the Thames police-court, ordered the whole of the property in the possession of the police belonging to the late Mrs, Emsley to be delivered to Mr. Peachey, who had been ap pointed by the Court of Chancery to." receive the rents and profits of the freehold and leasehold estates, and also to col lect and get in the outstanding debts to her belonging." A CLERGYMAN CHARGED WITH ROBBERY.—The Rev. Henry Holloway, a clergyman of the Church of Eng land and stated to have been formerly Chaplain to the Hospital of St. Cross, Winchester, was taken into custody a few days ago and charged at the Westminster Police Court with stealing a reticule from the first-class waiting room of the Chathan. and Dover Railway, at the Victoria station, Pimlico. It appeared that from certain circum stances coming to the knowledge of Mr. James Broderick, the station-master of the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway, placed a reticule in the first-class waiting-room on the previous evening, while the prisoner was there, and shortly afterwards it was missed. Prisoner was then followed out, and upon its being inquired whether he had any objection to a large leathern bag which he carried with him being searched, milled, "not the least." 'Upon its being opened, the reticule was discovered, and pri soner declared he was not aware that it was there. In answer to the charge when before the magistrate on the first occasion, the accused said that he had put a number of papers out of his bag in the waiting-room, and having occasion suddenly to leave it, requested a gentleman, who was with him there, to replace them in his bag, an 1 the gentleman must also have put the reticule in, considering that it belonged to him. Mr. Carpenter, the superintendent of the London and Brighton Railway Police, yesterday attended with several witnesses, who distinctly swore that no other person but the prisoner was in the waiting -room when the reticule was stolen. The prisoner was again re p manded, and as other charges were memioned against him, tUe magistrate refused to accept bail for his appearance, SATURDAY EVENIN6, AUGUST 31, FST xi - L -4 , 1.14 V I U. FRANCE AND ROME. PARIS, AUG. 30, E VENING. A new pamphlet, entitled The Emperor, Rome, and the King of Italy, has appeared this morning. The substance of the pamphlet implies that it is impossible to see actually at Rome anything else but a " Coblenz" directed against the King of Italy, the Emperor of the French, civilisation, progress, the country, and liberty. Such a conspiracy cannot be tolerated under the French flag. France is about to withdraw her troops, and the principle of non-intervention will be strictly maintained. There is not a single guarantee, either moral or material, which has not been offered by the Italian Ministers for the independence of the Sovereign Pontiff. If the Court of Rome obstinately persists in re fusing, an appeal will be made to the Roman people. The Plebiscite will take place under the eyes of the French army. If Victor Emmanuel is called upon to reign, on the following day the French troops will be relieved by the Italian troops, and the King of Italy will publish the accordance agreed upon between him and the Catholic Powers with a view to the inde pendence of the Holy See. The Pope may then act as he pleases. PARIS, AUG. 31. The ~iloniteur of to-day publishes a decree, ex tending the provisions of the decree of the 13th of February, 1861, to woollen pine goods, and those containing a mixture of cotton, silk, ang. hair. CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 30. During the late negotiations with Omar Pasha the Prince of Montenegro demanded the recogni tion of his independence, the extension of the Mon tenegrin frontier to the river Moratcha, and the cession of the port of Spitza. The Porte refused to accede lo these demands. BERNE, AUG. 31. The Federal Council has received a note from the French Government, stating that it considers the scandalous affair which took place on the frontiers of the canton of Geneva on Aug. 25 as a violation of French territory. The note of the French Government demands satisfaction on this account, and an indemnity to be paid to those wounded and arrested on that occasion. THE PENINSULAR MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Sultan arrived here this morning with the Penin sular mails, 46 passengers, £1,218 in specie, and 1,500 packages of cargo. LISBON, AUG. 27. Among the passengers by the Sultan, which sailed today for Southampton, are 12 nuns of the Convent of Sion House, who return to England, having purchased an establishment in D3rsetshire. The sisters carry with them the stone cross which formerly stood over the gateway of Sion House, Isleworth, and also several ancient statues which adorned their original church. The vines are much improved, and the yield of wine, it is expected, will be much larger than here tofore. The King has been well received at all the places he visited on his way to Oporto. This summer is the hottest on record. Trade is exceedingly di4l. Money scarce. Ex change on London, three rOilltis l spt 53; ; Paris, 530; Amsterdam, 4211 ; 11Jibtrg, 48; Genoa, 528; Bank of Lisbon Shares, 285 ; Bank of Oporto, 250 ; Mercantile Bank of Oporto, 258; Three per Cents. Rentes, 48; Coupons, 48; Deferred, 40. M. 861. tese officer, Major Fiore, of the Carabineers, and another Major of the 46th Infantry, while endea vouring to check the ardour of the troops, were crushed by a falling wall. This is one of the in stances in which the disposition of mind of the Italian soldiers had an opportunity to show itself. The long taunts about Italian poltroonery have stung the whole of this population to such an ex tent that whenever an opportunity offers all the men in uniform deem it their duty to rush into danger with mad impetuosity and contempt of life. It is to be hoped that discretion will soon become the best part of their valour. The town is greatly cast down by this unexpected catastrophe. A letter from Naples on the 25th, in the Debats, says :—"The mountains of Matese extend 12 miles from Piedmonts d'Alife, in the south, to Campo basso in the north, and 30 miles from Isernia in the west, to Benevento in the east. The intended operations of General Pinelli, with 4,000 regular soldiers, and 19 battalions of mobilised guards, will crush the 600 brigands, the remnants of the bands of Avalino, Benevento, Molise, the Capi tanate, and the Terra di Lavoro, which have taken refuge in the Matese, and going about in groups of 30 or 40 men, have pillaged and burnt several vil lages in the mountain, which has recently given rise to tho fear that brigandage was reviving. There was reason to apprehend that the brigands in the Matese, consisting of Bavarians, Pontifical Zouaves, escaped convicts, and Sicilian sbirri, might attempt to enter the Papal States by the mountains in the Terra di Lavern; so, to prevent this, General Govone has established a cordon of 5,000 men between Sora and Gaeta. The inhabi tants of the Matese fight well. In the affair last week, at Lagopesole, out of our 43 wended, 32 were ex-Bourbonists ; among them is Lieutenant Delitala. On the Ist Sept. the city of Naples will take possession of the octroi ; on the Ist October the entrepot for free importation and ex portation will be established in the Dogana Nuova, and the financial administrations will be installed in the Palazzo Gravina ; and on the Ist Nov. the National Bank of Turin will open a branch at Naples. The crop of corn is good, and if the rice still remains at 27 carlini, it is because the farmers hesitate to send their produce to market, because public security is not yet complete. Maize is deft• cient. The yield of oil and wine is excellent. For the last year no money has been coined at the Zecca of Naples, for want of a new law to regulate the proportion of alloy, as the Italian money con tains only one-tenth of alloy, and the Neapolitan one-sixth. Measures have been taken to remedy this defect, owing to which we were threatened with a monetary crisis." FRANCE. BOURSE, Aug. 30.—Two o'clock.—The market has been heavy and inanimate, but with quotations firmly maintained at the priees of yesterday. Threes, for the Account, are now at 68f. 80c. In Railway Shares little or nothing doing. Three o'clock.—The following are the last quo tations per per Cents ... 98 25 Credit Fonder — Do end month.... 98 35 Belgian 4f — 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 80 Roman — Bank Shares 2900 —; Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 755 —; Spanieh Threes 4B 75 Do. Account 757 50 ; Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1417 50 .. 1418 75 Northern New ditto . 905 Lyons and Mediterranean 1022 50 .. 1023 75 Geneva 348 75 .. 350 Southern Western Eastern Sardinian 366 25 .. 367 50 Austrian LOW bud 533 75 .. 535 RUSSIA. The Emperor of Russia, accompanied by the Empress, is making a tour through his dominions. A despatch from the shores of the Black Sea, dated 22d August, announces that great prepara tions were being made at Odessa to receive their Majesties. After visiting Odessa their Majesties will proceed to Nicolaieff, to attend the launch of the two steam corvettes the Wiepo and Woin, and will then inspect the great canal works on the Boug and Ingoul. Their Majesties will then successively visit Basthi-Sarai, Simpheropol, Sebastopol, and will remain for some days at the Castle of Orianda, on the southern shore of the Crimea, and which the Emperor Nicholas had built for the Empress Alex androwna, mother of the present Emperor. On leaving Orianda their Majesties will visit Kaffa, on the Black Sea, and then Taganrog and the Sea of Azoff. TURKEY. The temps has a fetter'from Constantinople, giving a sombre picture of the state of affairs. Amos g other passages, the following is striking: —" The general discontent is very great. Food is dear. Trade is stagnant. Hundreds of Turkish women follow the Sultan with petitions. A few days ago Abdul-Aziz not stopping to receive them, the women in their exasperation flung their chil dren at the horses' feet, crying, You have taken away our bread—crush our children to death that they may not perish of starvation.' Never was anything similar to this seen in the time of the late Sultan. ITALY. A Tulin letter says :—" At the request of General Cialdini, reinforcements are about to be sent to Naples. They will consist of five regiments of the line, or fifteen battalions, to be taken from the garrisons of Parma, Piacenza, and Casalmaggiore. These troops will be sent to Naples in steamers from Genoa. The Government acts wisely in sending fresh troops to Naples ; it is the only way to put down the revolt without having recourse to violent means, and the troops arc quite useless in the North, white the Austrians certainly will not attack us, though they are at this moment building two bridges over the Po, for the sake of exercise, they say." A very awful calamity has befallen Turin on the morning of the 28th. A fire broke out in the Via di Po, which resisted for a few hours the efforts of aided by the regular troops. These la h br ere ig carri e d away by their zeal for the public ctateas ter fie 7 were ventured into the burning buildings with a rash courage to which about a dozen of them fell victims. Colonel Trotti, a brave Piedmon- BARON RICASOLPS CIRCULAR. Baron Ricasoli has addressed the following cir cular to the diplomatic agents of Italy at foreign Courts : " Turin, 24th Aug. " In the circular despatches which I have had the honour of addressing to the representatives of H.M. abroad, I alluded to the troubles and difficulties which exist in the Southern provinces of the king dom ; and whilst declaring that I would neither dissimulate nor attenuate them, I expressed the hope that those provinces, warmed by the sun of liberty, would soon be cured of their evils, and would add force and honour to the Italy to which they belong. "No new circumstances have arisen calculated to diminish the hopes which the King's Govern ment placed in the vigour of the measures it was adopting and in the patriotism of the populations. But as the brigandage by which those provinces are desolated, feeling itself more closely pressed, has redoubled its efforts—as the co-operation of its auxiliaries has become more powerful (no one is now ignorant who they are), and as in these efforts, which we are inclined to believe will be the last, acts of cruelty which ought to be unknown to our times and our civilisation have been committed, and to which consequently by a deplorable necessity we have had to order a corresponding repression—as all this is so, our enemies have regarded it as a new reason for protesting more strongly against the oppression, as they say, which Piedmont imposes on that unfortunate country, forced by trick and violence frtm its legitimate masters, to whom it desires to return even at the cost of martydom and 11)100(1. " To these malevolent allegations of our enemies have been added, it is painful to say, imprudent language of men who are honourable and strongly Italian by old affection and profound conviction ; which men, seeing the fatal conflict prolonged in the Neapolitan provinces, incline to the belief that the union of those districts to Italy was made incon siderately, and that consequently it is necessary to look on it as of no effect until after a new and more certain experience." " For our part, we can never accept the point of view of these persons, though we do not question either their patriotism or the uprightness of their intentions, since we cannot doubt either the legiti macy or the efficacy of the plebiscite, by means of which those provinces declared that they would form part of the' Italian kingdom ; and since the nation cannot in any way admit that it possesses the right of declaring itself separated from the other provinces and a stranger to their fate. The Italian nation is constituted, and all that is Italy belongs to it. " In this state of things, and in this situation of public opinion, the King's Government thinks right that its representatives abroad shall be informed of the real condition of the Neapolitan provinces, and of the considerations by which they will be able to correct the inexact judgments which may exist on the subject in foreign countries. " Wherever the form of government and the reigning dynasty have had to be changed by a re volution, there always remains, to trouble the new order of things for a period more or less long, a leaven of the past which cannot be removed from the body of the nation without fratricidal conflicts and :bloodshed. Spain, after the lapse of thirty years, has not yet seen the wounds of civil wars healed up which, at every moment, threaten to break out afresh. England, after having recovered her liberties with the House of Orange, had to struggle during nearly fifty years against the Stuarts, whose partisans were able to march from Scotland to the gates of London. " France also sacrificed the Girondists to the cause of the federation, devastated Lyons, was rendered desolate by invaders, and was afterwards distracted by the troubles at La Vendee ; which province, scarcely vanquished in the terrible aid sanguinary war under the Republic, took up arms in the Hundred Days, and did the samo against the monarchy of July; and yet no one in the midst of those difficulties of Spain, England, and France, dared deny the right of repression possessed by the Governments fully constituted and approved of by the great mejority of the nation ; and no one con sidered the armed resistance to the national will as anything else than rebellion against the national sovereignty, although that rebellion had regular armies, brave and experienced generals, possessed towns and territories in which it exercised autho rity, and to put it down a regular war and pitched battles were necessary. " You cannot have failed to remark the im mense difference which exists between the Neapo litan acts of brigandage and the facts which I have just mentioned. On no account can we do the former the honour of comparing them to the latter. The partisans of Don Carlos, and of the Stuarts, and also the Vendeans, who combated for a principle, would have considered themselves in sulted if they had been placed in comparison with the vulgar assassins who invade different parts of certain Neapolitan provinces, solely for the sake of pillage and rapine. It is in vain that you would demand from them a political programme ; in vain that you would seek among the persons who guide them—if indeed there are any who do so—one man who'can be even distantly compared to Cabrera or La Rochejaquelein, or even to the priest Merino, to Stolflat, or Charette. Among the generals and superior officers who have remained faithful to the Bourbons, there is not one who has ventured to take the command of the Neapolitan brigands and the responsibility of their acts. The absolute want of political principle which is proved by the events which have occurred, and the acts of the Neapolitan brigands is also clearly evidenced by the testimony of the English consuls and vice-consuls in the southern provinces, and by the official correspond ence recently presented to Parliament by the Go vernment of her Britannic Majesty. To this cor respondence I venture to direct your attention, and particularly to the despatch written from the Capi tinate by Mr. Bonham, on the Bth June, and to that of Mr. Sauvin, dated the 12th June; which latter says textually The bands of malefactors are not so numerous as they seem, but they go about every where, and everywhere their ferocious acts are complained of. They rob travellers and pillage hamlets; they cut electric wires, and sometimes set fire to crops. The old Bourbonian flag has been raised in some places, but it is certain that the move ment has no political character, and that it is a sys tem of agrarian vandalism embraced as a profession by a great part of the disbanded troops who prefer pillage to labour. " Still, Neapolitan brigandage may certainly be an instrument in the hands of the reaction which excites and pays it, in order to keep up agitation in the country, encourage foolish hopes, and mislead public opinion in Europe. But as it would be an error to regard it as an armed protest of the coun try against a new order of things, so it would be con trary to truth to represent it, on the faith of news paper accounts, as possessing the importance and extent ascribed to it. " Of the fifteen provinces which composed the kingdom of Naples, five only are infested by bri gands. That does not mean that they occupy these provinces, or that they are established in any town or village, but they live in small bands in the mountains, and from them rush on defenceless places to seek their prey. Never do they dare to attack even a third-rate town, or a position guarded by any soldiers, however few the latter may be ; and if they arrive without resistance in any place, they deliver malefactors from the prisons, and rein forced by them and peasants accustomed to such sort of enterprises, rob and pillage, and th 9 take to flight. " Brigandage, as it is practised in the province of Naples, is neither a political reaction nor a new thing; it is the fruit of the wars which have con tinually taken place in that province, of very fre quent political commotions, of rapid changes of rule, and of Governments which have always been bad. Brigandage desolated those provinces during the Spanish and Austrian viceroyalties up to 1733, and did not cease during the reign of the Bourbons, of Joseph Napoleon and Murat. " Brigandage in the Neapolitan provinces, there fore, is accounted for by historical precedents and the habits of the country, to say nothing of the excitement of political revolutions, to which in the present case other causes are added. I will not dwell upon the bad Government of the Bourbons in the Southern provinces. I will not be more se vere than the representatives of the European Powers at the Congress of Paris in 1856, who de nounced it to the judgment of civilised Europe as barbarous and savage, nor more stringent than the Hon, Mr. Gladstone, who, in his place in the British Parliament, called it the negation of God—l will only say that the Bourbon Government had for principle the corruption of everything and every body—a corruption so universally carried out, and with such persistence, that it appears to us almost miraculous that those noble populations should ever have been able to extricate themselves from it; everything which in tolerably organised Govern ments serves to strengthen, to discipline, and to moralise, there only served to weaken and deprave. The police was a privilege accorded to an associa tion of malefactors to harass and plunder the peo ple as they pleased, and to exercise the espionage for the Government. Such was the Camoris. "The army, with certain exceptions, was com posed of elements carefully selected, scrupulously trained by the Jesuits and chaplains in the most abject and servile idolatry of the King, and in the blindest superstition: No idea of duty towards the country ; their only duty was to defend the King against the citizens,considered essentially as enemies, and in a continuous state of rebellion, at least in intention. And if this rebellion became real, the army knew that the life and resources of the citizens belonged to it, and that it would have every facility for gratifying its ferocious and brutal instincts, and all the cupidity which was fostered in its heart. - _ - ...ILI LUZ cipline and give the soldier the esprit de corps be coming his noble mission, his importance, and dignity ; he had no love for his country ; he was only required to be submissive to the King, who, to gain his goodwill, did not spare even the most ignoble flatteries. " They were 100,000, well supplied with arms and money, possessors of formidable fortresses and unbounded military resources ; and yet they did not fight, they continually retreated before a handful of heroes who had the courage to advance against them; regiments, and even a complete corps d'armee, sub mitted to be taken prisoners. It was concluded that men who did fight would never make soldiers worthy of the name, and especially Italian soldiers ; they were accorpingly offered the opportunity of return ing to their homes, and were disbanded ; but, accustomed to a life of idleness and dissipation in barracks and unused to labour, they revived with equal ferocity, but with greater cowardice, the traditions of Hammone and Mona—they became brigands. If, in their atrocious enterprises, they sometimes displayed the Bourbon banner, it was merely from habit, and not from affection. They dishonoured themselves by not defending their flag, and now they dishonour their fl a g by making it an emblem of murder and rapine. "It was thus that was formed the Neapolitan brigandage, and at the present moment the de throned King of Naples is its champion, and Naples the apparent object. The dispossessed king resides in Rome at the Quirinal, and he there coins the false money with which the Neapolitan brigands are freely supplied. The offerings extorted from the Catholics throughout the different countries of Eu rope, in the name of St. Peter, are employed to enrol these brigands in every part of Europe. They go to Rome to insmibe their names publicly, to re ceive the word of order, and the blessings which make these ignorant and superstitious men hasten with greater alacrity to commence their career of murder and pillage. From Boole they obtain the immense quantities of arms and ammunition which they require. " On the Roman and Neapolitan frontiers there are depots, places of rendezvous and refuge, where they reassemble, and whence they return with renewed ardour to their rapine. The perquisi tions and arrests made within the last few days by the French troops leave no doubt on this sub ject. The hostile attitude asstmed, and the lan guage used on these soleren occasions by a part of the clergy, the arms, powder, and pro clamations found in certain convents, the priests and monks 'taken in the ranks pf the brigands, in the execution of their enterpriies, prove beyond all doubt whence and in whose netne all these instiga tions proceed. And as there ire here no religious interests to defend, and even ilthere were, it, would not be with such arms, nor su c h means, that their defence could be tolerated, it is evident that the connivance and complicity cf the Roman Court with the Nepolitan brigandage, are founded on the solidarity of temporal interests, and that the object now is to keep the Southern provinces in a state of revolt, and to prevent the establishment of a regular Government, capable of repairing so great evils both recent and of long stapling, in order that the sovereignty of the Pope mill not be deprived of its last support in Italy. " We trust that this Nyll furnish a new and powerful argument to demoistrate that the tempo ral power is condemned noi only by the irresistible logic of the national unity,but also that it has be come incompatible with cillisation an d humanity. " Were it even to be acllitted that the Neapo litan brigandage is of a ciaracter essentially poli tical, the consequences to h e drawn would still be contrary to those which cur ` 3.ll emles would fain infer. In the first place, no argument can be drawn from its duration ; it must not be for gotten that it is impossike for us to surround the brigands on all sides i s would be requisite to effect their complete dstruction , since when beaten and dispersed OR lie Neapolitan territory, they find a convenient eiylum in the Roman States, which lie close at hand, and there they form again ; and then, strengthened by fresh succours, return to their work of devastation. " What provinces, towns, or villages have risen to join these new liberators? Will it be said that the Government distrusts the populations and re presses their sentiments by terror ? Look at the press of Naples; it may rather be accused of license than of abstaining from commenting as it pleases on public affairs. The Government has armed the country in the national guard; the Government has appealed to the country for volunteers. " The country has amply responded to this ap peal. Already have several battalions been orga nised and mobalised, and national guards and mo balised guards, townspeople and peasants hasten to encounter the brigands, and often expose their lives. At the present moment differences of opinion are disappearing, the various sections of the liberal party rally round the Government so that neither the regular nor local forces have experienced a single defeat. For more than a year, in the midst of so much uncertainty, anxiety, and change, in the full exercise of a new and unrestricted liberty, Naples, that great city of 500,000 inhabitants, has not raised a single cry of disunion, has not per mitted the extension and realisation of a single one of the thousand Bourbonist conspiracies which are. continually springing up to disappear immediately- I think that, from the whole of these facts, it will be evident to you, sir, that the Neapolitan brigandage has no political character; that the European reaction established and countenanced at Rome foments and supports it in the name of the dynastic interests of Divine right, in the name of the temporal power of the Pope, taking an abu sive advantage of the presence and protection of the French arms placed there to guarantee more elevated and more spiritual interests, that the Neapolitan populations are not hostile to national unity, ror unworthy of liberty, as some persons would have it • believed. We must not forget that these victims of a corrupting system of government supplied heroes. and martyrs in 1799, and that they Were quite pre , - pared, at the moment of the new regeneration, to taketheir position beside their other brethren of Italy.. " What the civilisation and the humane senti ments of the present age cannot tolerate is, that schemes of subjugation should be prepared at the seat and cent e of Catholicity, not only with the connivance, but with the countenance, of the Mini sters of him who represents on earth the God of meekness and peace. Truly religious minds are indignant at the abuse made of sacred things for end altogether temporal; weak consciences are seriously alarmed to see the discordance arising between the precepts of the Gospel and the acts of him who ought to interpret and teach them. Rome, by advancing in the path in which she has now entered, compromises her religious without pro moting her worldly interests. Every upright mind is already profoundly convinced, ann this universal conviction will greatly facilitate the task of the Italian Government, which it cannot decline, and which is that of restoring to Italy, and also to the Church, her liberty and dignity,—Accept, &c., " RICASOLL" SALE OF ADDISCOMBE AND HAILEYBURY.---Yes terday the sale of these well-known military and insti tutions which produced so many distinguished men in the service of the old East India Company, took 'place at the Auction Mart, by the Bank of England, under the hammer of Messrs. Norton, Hogart, and Trist, the auctioneers. It was stated that the property consisted a 90 acres, with the well-known residence of Lord Liverpool at Addiscombe, and its College, and 70 acres at Haileybury, with the barracks and other appurtenances. After considerable bidding both. properties were declared to be bought by the British Land Company, Addiscombe being sold for £33,600, and Halley bury for £15,200. It is understood that both estates will be converted into freehold land allotments. PURCHASE BY THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON AT Romn.—The Moniteur announces, in the following terms-, an acquisition made by the Emperor of the French, already made known from other sources :—" The Emperor has just purchased out of his privy purse the portion of the Mont Palatine which is comprised under the name of the Farnese Gardens, and which belonged to the King of Naples. This portion of the celebrated hills is by far the most considerable. There only remains, in addition to the part bought by the Emperor, the ancient villa on the south, where excavations have been so extensively made, and in which there is now a convent of French nuns, and on the east a convent of Franciscans. The ground pur chased by his Majesty is not less than 18 acres in extent, it includes the famous ruins of the Palace of the Ca3sars, tmo }lnc, hnon Lawman. since the time of the invasion of the barbarians, ana must contain statues, paintings, and inscriptions of the highest interest. It is from this soil, which has been scarcely touched up to the present time, that several masterpieces of antique art have been procured. It was also on this domaLla that were recently found the original walls of the ancient enclosure of Rome, that which surrounded the Palatine when it alone supported the original city at the very time of its founder. M. Pietro Rosa, auther of the large arcse , )- logical and topographical map of Latium, has been ap pointed Conservator of the Palace of the Camara, and is at the same time to be director of the excavations, which will commence in November next." THE STRIKE OF CARTERS AT MANCHESTER:* The strike of carters, lorrymen, and portr,rs in the employ of the London and North-Western and Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Companies at Manchester is already at an end. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company sent out their traffic managers and assistants on Thursday to scour the country round for men to fill up the places of those on strike, and these parties worked so energetically that they had brought together between 200 and 300 new men yester day morning, and the presence of these had the effect of inducing the turnouts to resume work at once. The London and North-Western, acting in a similar manner, have also put an end to the strike for the present. THE STRIKE IN THE IRON TRADE. --The strike in the iron trade in the north still continues, and 7,000 men are reported to be off work in one concer n alone—the Con sett and Dement Ironworks. At C onsett the reduction proposed is in the case of puddlers 61 per ton, and in the case of rollers 10 per cent. In Vales the rate of wages is considerably below the northern district, and in Scotland the workmen have accepted the reduction propose 1. So the conduct of the men is very bad, and it is further ag gravated in connection with the Consett Ironworks, as the creditors of the Northumberland and Durham District Bank aro pressing the shareholders of the ironworks, who were shareholders in the banking company, for a large pay ment due in October, which payment they are unable to meet, and there is a prospect that those immense works will be closed. A local paper says the baneful effects of the strike are being already felt in the Consett district, not only by the workmen, but by the tradesmen and provision deal ers. The system of trading is by fcrtnigJatly credits, and if the strike continues for only a few werJks a considerable portion of the traders will be brought to the verge of bank ruptcy. Several shopkeepers whose average fortnightly receipts amount from £l2O to £l5O have had them reduced one-half. On an average 12 truck loads of provisions came to the place. Last Saturday there was only one. THE WILTSHIRE MURDER.--John Stockles was yesterday morning brought before a bench of magistrates at Everleigh, charged with the wilful murder of Ann Hill, wife of the head gamekeeper to Mr. Monk. After a length ened inquiry, in the course of which the suspicious enter tained against him received the strongest confirmation, he was committed for trial to the assizes. SHOCKING MURDER—BIRMINGHAM, Friday .-- A frightful tragedy was enacted yesterday , evening at Small-heath, near this town. The victim was a Y 43lll ± g woman who posse sse d cons id era bl e personal attrac tions, named Elizabeth Brookes, and the murderer was her master and intended husband, John Grayson Farquhaar• He is a widower. andirral honsekeeper, man of independent means, aged 38, - ngham, and Birmingham, and He resided in the Grange .road, near the deceased girl lived with him nominally as were about to be b th u o t m i reality an it a i smore understoodintimate t ands at relationship they of beenpassionately fond to have married. Farquhar appear being jealous dispo sition,hwe i r th me h n e . r onon Thursday account of fond of the young woman, an-. he occasionally her presumed familiarity articles for the wedding, and Shortly after his return home he drew £5O from the bank for the purpose of buying some from town, where he had been shopping, in a fit of jea lousy he took up an old flint pistol and shot Miss Brookes in the left breast. She fell down aud instantly expired, the charge having entered her heart. A daughter of Farquhar quarrelled with was in tho room, and witnessed the deed. Farquhar was arrested at his own house, and on his way to the station told tho crowd who followed him that he " did it through jealousy." He was brought up at the police.court this morning, and remanded until after the inquest, which was held last night. The jury, after an absence of twenty minutes, returned a verdict of wilful ":.v.rder. The prisoner, on hearing the verdict, buried his face ;,n his hands And cried bitterly, exclaiming, " Oh, my poor 'Betty I" as ho was re moved in custody. A FACT NOT GENERALLY KNOWN.—Under this heading the Falkirk, Herald says :—" The father of Sir J. Outram was the founder of the Butterley Iron-works, now the largest ironworks in England. He was a man of great ability, energetic, self-reliant, of fertile and ready resource ; so much so that his opinion was deferred to by many of the most eminent engineers of the day, such as Sir John Rennie and Thomas Tatord. He was the first, in connection with these works, to lay down an iron way, and it is to this cir. oumstance, and from his name, that we have the term 'Crawley.' ,1