The Sun. — London, England, 1861-08-06 00:00:00

waters Artillery, Michigan, Captain T. W. Culp; Chic ago Cavalry, Captain Barker; Flying Artillery, Captain Howe. At Cheat River-15th Ohio Volunteers, Colonel G. W. Andrews; 16th Ohio Volunteers, Col. J. Irvine ; Ist Vir ginia Union Volunteers, Col. --. At Clarksburg-2d Virginia Union Volunteers, Colonel --; 3d Virginia Union Volunteers, Col. --; Cincin nati Rover Dragoons, Capt. W. H. Stevens. At Grafton —Headquarters of Brigadier-Gen. Hill-7th Indiana Volunteers, Col. E. Dumont; troop of horse, Col. Regular Artillery, from Kansas, Col. —; Com pany 1, 4th Artillery, Lieut. Ward ; 13th Ohio Volunteers, Col. W. F. Smith ; sth Ohio Volunteers, Col. Dunning. Phillippa—Brigadier-Gen. Hill-6th I n di ana V o l u nteers, Col. Crittenden. Along railroad from Parkersburgh to Grafton-22d Ohio Volunteers, Col. W. E. Gilmore. Glenville-7th Ohio, Col. E. B. Tyler. Ripley-21st Ohio Volunteers, Col. J. S. Norton. En route by the Kanawha—Brigadier-Gen. Cox-Bth Ohio Volunteers, Col. Du Puy; 12th Ohio Volunteers, Col. J. W. Lowe ; Ist Kentucky Volunteers, Col. W. Woodruff; 2d Kentucky Volunteers, Col. W. G. Terrell. En route-13th Indiana Volunteers, Col. J. C. Sullivan; 14th Indiana Volunteers, Col. N. Kimball ; 17th Indiana Volunteers, Col. Hascall." The division under General Patterson is about 22,000 strong, and has three batteries of artillery attached to it; and General Mansfield, who com mands the army of Washington and the reserve watching the Capitol, has under him a corps of 16,000 men almost exclusively volunteers. Gene ral M'Dowell has also left a strong guard in his intrenchments along the right bank of the Potomac guarding the bridges and covering the roads to Alexandria, Fairfax, and Falls Church. The divi sion in military occupation of Maryland under Gen. Banks, most of which is concentrated in and around Baltimore, consists of 7,400 men, with some field guns. The corps at Fortress Monroe and Hampton under Gen. Butler is 11,000 strong, with two field batteries, some guns of position, and the fortress itself in hand. Gen. Lyon, who is operating in Missouri with marked success, has about 6,500 men. Gen. Prentis at Cairo commands a division of 6,000 men and two field batteries. There are besides these forces many regiments organised and actually in the field. The army under the command of Gen. Beau regard at Manassa Junction is estimated at 60,000, but that must include the reserves, and a portion of the force in the intrenchxnents along the road to Richmond, in the immediate neighbourhood of which there is a corps of 15,000 men. At Norfolk there are 18,000 or 20,000, at Acquia Creek 8,000 or 9,000, and Johnson's corps is estimated at 10,000, swollen by the debris of the defeated column. The railways from the South are open to the Confederates, and they can collect their troops rapidly, so that it is not at all beyond the reach of probability that they can collect 150,000 or 160,000 men in Virginia, if that number is not now actually in the State. In cavalry they have a superiority, but the country is not favourable for their operations till the armies approach Riehmond. In field artillery they are not so well provided as the Federalists, They have, however, a great number of heavy batteries and guns of position at their disposal. Food is plenti ful in their camps ; the harvest is coming in. In general equipments and ammunition the Federalists have a considerable advantage. In discipline there is not much difference perhaps in the bulk of the volunteers on both sides, hut the United States' forces have the benefit of the example and pre sence of the regular army, the privates of which have remained faithful to the Government. If we are to judge by what may be seen in Washington there are mauvais sujets in abundance among the United States' troops. The various foreign Minis ters have been so much persecuted by soldiers coming to their houses and asking for help that sentries were ordered to be put at their doors. Lord Lyons, however, did not acquiesce in the pro priety of this step, and in lieu of that means of defence against demands for money, a document called " a safeguard" has been furnished to the domestics at the various legations, in which appli cants are informed that they are liable to the penalty of death for making such solicitations. (len. M'Dowell writes in his despatch from Fairfax Court-house—" I am distressed to have to report excesses by our troops. The excitement of the men found vent in burning and pillaging, which, however soon checked, distressed us all greatly." What will take place at the close of a hardly contested action in the front of populous towns and villages ? The vast majority of the soldiers are very well behaved, but it will require severe punishment to deter the evil disposed from indulging in all the licence of war. The energy displayed in furnishing the great army in the field with transport and ambulances is very great, and I have been surprised to see the rapi dity with which waggons and excellent field hos pitals and sick carts have been constructed and for warded by the contractors. The corps in Virginia under M'llowell may be considered fit to make a campaign in all respects so far as those essentials are concerned, and the Government is rapidly pur chasing horses and mules which are not inferior to those used in any army in the world. These few lines must suffice till the despatch of the mail on Wed nesday. JULY 22. I sit down to give an account—not of the action yesterday, but of what I saw with my own eyes, hitherto net often deceived, and of what I heard - with my own ears, which in this country are not so much to be trusted. Let me, however, express an opinion as to the affair of yesterday. in the first place, the repulse of the Federalists, decided as it - was, might have had no serious effects whatever be yond the mere failure—which politically was of more consequence than it was in a military sense—but for the disgraceful conduct of the troops. The retreat on their lines at Centreville seems to have ended in a, cowardly route—a miserable, causeless panic. Such scandalous behaviour on the part of soldiers I should have considered impossible, as with some experience of camps and armies I have never even in alarms among camp followers seen the like of it, How far the disorganisation of the troops extended I know not ; but it was complete in the instance of more than one regiment. Washington this morn ing is crowded with soldiers without officers, who have fled from Centre v ill e , and with "three mo'nthe, men," who are going home from the face of the ene my on the expiration of their term of enlist ment. The streets, in spite of the rain, are crowded by people with anxious faces, and group s of waver ing, politicians are assembled at the corners, in the hotel passages, and the bars. If in the present state of the troops the Confederates were to make a march across the Potomac above 'Washington, turn. inn the works at Arlington, the Capitol might fall into their hands. Delay may place that event out of th , r , range of probability. The North will, no doubt, recover the shock. Hitherto she has only said, " Go and fight for the Union." The South has exclaimed, " Let us fight for our rights." The North must put its best men into the battle, or she will inevitably fail before the energy, the personal hatred, and the superior fight 'mg powers of her antagonist. lii my letters, as in my conversation, I have endeavoured to show that the task which the Unionists have set them .selves is one of no ordinary difficulty, but in 'the state of arrogance and supercilious confi elence, either real or affected to conceal a sense of 'weakness, one might as well hive preached to the ',Pyramid of Cheops. Indeed, one may form some metion of the condition of the public mind by ob serving that journals conducted avowedly by men of d:sgraoeful personal character—the be-whipped and be-kicked and unrecognised pariahs of society of New York —are, nevertheless, in the very midst of repuls e and defeat, permitted to, indulge in ridi utoue rb odomontacle towards the nations of Europe, move our la ug ht er by i m p o t ent l y ma li gnant l 'a tt d ac t k o s on " our rotton old monarchy," while the :stones . of their bran new republic are tumbling About their ea rs . It will be amu s in g to o b serve the change ca ton e , for we can afford to observe and be amused at th e On Sat D aeeeelurday night I resolved time. eselvcd to p rocee d t o Gene ti'ral 1 rig arrny;,as t Was obvious to me that the repulse at Ball's le„ and the orders of the General directed ag a i nst the excesses sol diery Heated serious defects i nh . army—not of his more seri:ous, however, than I h ad r Eason to believe existed. H o w to get out was the difficulty. The rumours of great disaster and repulse had spread through the city. The livery-stable keepers, to send out k er • with one ease ption, refus ed sea to th e scene of action —at lea st the exception told me so. keenaton ; and Congress men were going to Make a , day of it, and all the vehicles and horses that could be procured were in requisition for the scene of ac tion. This curiosity was aroused by the story that M'Dowell had been actually ordered to make an attack on Manassas, and that General Scott had given him till 12 o'clock to be master of Beaure gard's lines. If General Scott ordered the attack at all I venture to say he was merely the mouth piece of the more violent civilians of the Govern ment, who mistake intensity of feeling for military strength. The consequences of the little skirmish at Bull's Run, ending in the repulse of the Fede ralists, were much exaggerated, and their losses were put down at any figures the fancy of the in dividual item who was speaking suggested. " I can assure you, Sir, that the troops had 1,500 killed and wounded ; I know it." I went off to the head-quarters, and there General Scott's side in formed me General M'Dowell's official report gave 6 killed and 37 wounded. The livery keepers stuck to the 1,500 or 2,000. The greater the number hors de combat the higher the tariff for the hire of quadrupeds. All I could do was to get a kind of cabriolet, with a seat in front for the driver, to which a pole was affix€d for two horses, at a Derby day price, and a strong led-horse, which Indian ex periences have induced me always to rely upon in the neighbourhood of uncertain fighting. I had to enter into an agreement with the owner to pay him for horses and buggy if they were " captured or injured by the enemy," and though I smiled at his precautions they proved not quite unreasonable. The master made no provision for indemnity in case of injury to the driver, or the coloured boy who rode the saddle-horse. When I spoke with officers at General Scott's head-quarters of the expedition, it struck me they were not at all sanguine about the result of the day, and one of them said as much as induced me to think he would advise me to remain in the city if he did not take it for granted it was part of my duty to go to the scene of action. An English gentleman who accompanied me was strongly dissuaded from going by a colonel of cavalry on the staff, because, he said, " tt e troops are green, and no one can tell what may happen." But my friend of his pass from General Scott, who was taking the whole affair of Ball's Run and the pres sure of the morrow's work with perfect calm, and we started on Sandaymorning—not so early as we ought perhaps, which was none of my fault—for Centreville, distant about 25 miles south-west of Washington. I purposed starting in the beautiful moonlight, so as to arrive at M'Dowell's camp in the early dawn, but the aides could not or would not give us the countersign over the Long-bridge, and without it no one could get across till after five o'clock in the morning. When M'Dowell moved away he took so many of the troops about Arlington that the camps and forts are rather denuded of men. I do not give, as may be observed, the names of regiments, unless in special cases—first, because they possess little interest, I conceive, for those in Europe who read these letters ; and, secondly, because there is an exceedingly com plex system—at least, to a foreigner—of nomencla ture in the forces, and one may make a mistake be tween a regiment of volunteers and a regiment of State militia of the same number, or even of regu lars in the lower figures. The soldiers lounging about the forts and over the Long-bridge across the Potomac were an exceedingly unkempt, " loafing" set of fellows, who handled their firelocks like pitch forks and spades, and I doubt if some of those who read or tried to read our papers could understand them, as they certainly did not speak English, The Americans possess excellent working materials, however, and I have had occasion repeatedly to re mark the rapidity and skill with which they con struct earthworks. At the Virginia side of the Long-bridge there is now a very strong tete depont supported by the regular redoubt on the hill over the road. These works did not appear to be strongly held, but it is possible men were in the tents near at hand, deserted though they seamed, and at all events reinforcements could be speedily poured in if neces sary. The long and weary way was varied by different pickets along the road, and by the examination of our papers and passes at different points. But the country looked vacant in spite of crops of Indian corn, for the houses were shut up, and the few in digenous people whom we met looked most blackly under their brows at the supposed Abolitionists. This portion of Virginia is well wooded, and undu lating in heavy regular waves of field and forest; but the roads are deeply cut and filled with loose stones, very disagreeable to ride or drive over. The houses are of wood, with the usual negro huts ad joining them, and the specimens of the race which I saw were well dressed and not ill-looking. On turning into one of the roads which leads to Fairfax Court-house and to Centreville beyond it the distant sound of cannon reached us. That must have been about 9.30 a.m. • It never ceased all day; at least, whenever the rattle of the gig ceased the booming of guns rolled through the woods on our ears. One man said it began at 2 o'clock, but the pickets told us it had really become continuous about half-past 7 or 8 o'clock. In a few minutes afterwards a body of men appeared on the road, with their backs towards Centreville and their faces towards Alexandria. Their march was so disorderly that I could not have believed they were soldiers in an enemy's country— for Virginia hereabout is certainly so—but for their arms and uniform. It soon appeared that there was no less than an entire regiment marching away, singly or in small knots of two or three, extending for some three or four miles along the road. A Babel of tongues rose from them, and they were all in good spirits, but with an air about them I could not understand. Dismounting at a stream, where a group of thirsty men were drinking and halting in the shade, I asked an officer " Where are your men going, sir ?" " Well, we're going home, sir, I reckon, to Pennsylvania." It was the 4th Pennsylvania Regiment, which was on its march, as I learnt from the men. " I suppose there is se vere work going on behind you, judging from the firing ?" " Well, I reckon, sir, there is." " We're going home," he added after a pause, during which it occurred to him, perhaps, that the movement required explanation—" because the men's time is up. We have had three months of this work." I proceeded on my way, ruminating on the feel ings.of a General who sees half a brigade walk quietly away on the very morning of an action, and on the frame of mind of the men, who would have shouted till they were hoarse about their be loved Union —possibly have hunted down any poor creature who exp resse d a b el i ef that it was not the very quintessen ce of everything great and good in government and glorious and omnipotent in arms— coolly turning their backs on it when in its utmost peril because the letter of their engagement bound them no further. Pe r h aps the 4th Pennsylvania were right, but let us hear no more of the excellence of three months' serviee volunteers. And so we left them. The road was devious and difficult. There were few persons on their way, for most of the Senators and Congress men were on before us. Some few commissariat waggons were overtaken at intervals. Wherever there was a house by the road side the negreee were listening to the firing. All at once a terrific object appeared in the wood ab ove the trees—the dome of a church or public building, apparently suffering from the shoctkhse mostof an veioarietnht quake, and heaving to and fro in manner. In much doubt we approached as well as the horses' minds would let us, and discovered that the strange thing was an inflated balloon attached to a car and waggon, which was on its way to en able General M'Dowell to reconnoi're the position he was then engaged in attacking just a day too late. The operators and attendants swore as horri bly as Anna's warriors in Flanders, but they could not curie down the trees, and so the balloon seems likely to fall into the hands of the Confederates. About 11 o'clock we began to enter on the disputed territory which had just been abandoned by the Secessionists to the Federalists in front of Fairfax Court-house. It is not too much to say that the works thrown pp across the road were shams and makebelieves, and that the Confederates never intended to occupy the position at an, bet sought to lure on the Federalists to Manassas l Gap, where they were pr Had it been o th erwise va ep e ar have been of a different characte2erda,rattto meetweio4rhkes would have bad reg u lii t N t V r h o o e o li rli. p ld s bivouac huts of branchee:m or p t s r a ee n s d . t e o n t f s , e ionusrtseea dthe troops of the enemy did not wish to be cut off, and so they had cut down trees to place across the road, and put some field-pints in their earthworks to command it. On no side could Richmond be so well defended. The Confederates had it much at heart to induce their enemy to come to the strongest place and attack them, and they succeeded in doing so. But, if the troops behaved as ill in other places as they did at Manassas, the Federalists could not have been successful in any attack whatever. In order that the preparations at Manassas may be understood, and that General Beauregard, of whose character I gave some hint at Charleston, may be known at home as regards his fitness for his work, above all as an officer of artillery and of skill in working it in field or in position, let me insert a description of the place and of the man from a Southern paper : " Manassas Junction, Virginia, June 7. c 4 This place still continues the head-quarters of the army of the Potomac. There are many indications of an in tended forward movement, the better to invite the enemy to an engagement, but the work of fortification still con tinues. By nature the position is one of the strongest that could have been found in the whole State. About half way between the eastern spur of the Blue Ridge and the Potomac, below Alexandria, it commands the whole country between so perfectly that there is scarcely a possibility of its being turned. The right wing stretches off towards the head -waters of the Occoquan, through a wooded country, which is easily made impassable by the felling of trees. The left is a rolling table-land, easily commanded from the successive elevations, till you reach a country so rough and so rugged that it is a defence to itself. The key to the whole position, in fact, is precisely that point which Gene ral Beauregard chose for his centre, and which he has for • tified so strongly that, in the opinion of military men, 5,000 men could there hold 20,000 at bay. The position, in fact, is fortified in part by Nature herself. It is a succession of hills, nearly equidistant from each other, in front of which is a ravine so deep and so thickly wooded that it is passable only at two points, and those through gorges which 50 men can defend against a whole army. It was at one of these points that the Washington Artillery (of New Or leans) were at first encamped, and though only half of the battalion was then there, and we had only one company of infantry to support us, we slept as soundly under the pro tection of our guns as if we had been in a fort of the amplest dimensions. Of the fortifications superadded here by General Beauregard to those of Nature, it is, of course, not proper for me to speak. The general reader, in fact, will have a sufficiently precise idea of them by conceiving a line of forts some two miles in extent, zigzag in form, with angles, salients, bastions, casemates, and everything that properly belongs to works of this kind. The strength and advantages of this position at Manasses are very much increased by the fact that 14 miles farther on is a position of similar formation, while the country between is admir ably adapted to the subsistence and intrenchment of troops in numbers as large as they can easily be manoeuvred on the real battle-field. Water is good and abundant, forage such as is everywhere found in the rich farming districts of Virginia, and the communication with all parts of the country easy. Here, overlooking an extensive plain, watered by mountain streams which ultimately find their way to the Potomac, and divided into verdant fields of wheat and oats, and corn, pasture and meadow, are the head quarters of the army of the advanced forces of the Potomac. They are South Carolinians,Louisianians, Alabamians, Mis sissippians, and Virginians, for the most part; the first two, singular enough, being in front, and that they will keep it their friends at home may rest assured. Never have I seen a finer body of men—men who were more obedient to disci pline, or breathed a more self-sacrificing patriotism. As might be expected from the skill with which he has chosen his position, and the system with which he encamps and moves his men, General Beauregard is very popular. I doubt if Napoleon himself had more the undivided confi dence of his army. By nature, as also from a wise policy, he is very reticent. Not an individul here knows his plans or a single move of a regiment before it is made, and then only the colonel and his men know where it gees to. There is not a man here who can gi% e anything like a satis factory answer how many men ho has, or where his exact lines are. For the distance of 14 miles around you see tents everywhere, and from them you can make a rough estimate of his men ; but how many more are encamped on the by roads and in the forests none can tell. The new-comer, from what he sees at first glance, puts down the numbers at about 30,000 men ; those who have been here longei.t esti mate his force at 40,000, 50,000, and some even at 60,000 strong. And there is the same discrepancy as to the quantity of his artillery. So close does the General keep his affairs to himself that his left hand hardly knows what his right hand doeth, and so jealons is he of this prerogative of a commanding officer that I verily believe, if he suspected his coat of any acquaintance with the plans revolving within him, he wouli cast it off." It was noon when we arrived at Fairfax Court house—a poor village of some 30 or 40 straggling wooden and brick houses, deriving its name from the building in which the Circuit Court of the county is held, I believe, and looking the reverse of flourish ing—and one may remark, obiter, that the state of this part of Virginia cannot be very prosperous, inasmuch as there is not a village along the road up to this point, and no shops or depots, only one mill, one blacksmith and wheelwright. The village was held by a part of the reserve of 111‘Dowell's force, possibly 1,000 strong. The inhabitants were, if eyes spoke truth, Secessionists to a man, woman, and child, and even the negroes looked extra black, as if they did not care about being fought for. A short way beyond this village, Germantown, the scene of the recent excesses of the Federalists, afforded evidence in its blackened ruins that Gen. M'Dowell's censure was more than needed. Let me interpolate it if only to show that Gen. Beaure gard and his rival are at least equal in point of literal power as masters of the English tongue : " Head-quarters Department of Virginia, Fairfax Court-house, July 18. " GENERAL ORDERS, No. 18. " It is with the deepest mortification the General Com manding finds it necessary to reiterate his orders for the preservation of the property of the inhabitants of the dis trict occupied by the troops under his command. Hardly had we arrived at this place when, to the horror of every right-minded person, several houses were broken open, and others were in flames, by the act of some of those who, it has been the boast of the loyal, came here to protect the oppressed and fres the country from the domination of a hated party. The property of this people is at the mercy of troops who, we rightly say, are the most intelligent, best educated, and most law-abiding of any that were ever under arms. But do not, therefore, the acts of yesterday cast the deepest stain upon them ? It was claimed by some that their particular corps were not engaged in these acts. This is of but little mo ment; since the individuals aro not found out, wo are all alike disgraced. Commanders of regiments will select a com•- missionedofficer as a provost marshal, and tenmen a s a police force under him, whose special and sole duty it shall be to preserve the property from depredations, and to arrest all wrongdoers of whatever regiment or corps they may be. Any one found committing the slightest depredation, kill ing pigs or poultry, or trespassing on the property of the in habitants, will be reported to head -quarters, and the least that will be done to them will be to send them to the Alex andria gaol. It is again ordered that no one shall arrest, or attempt to arrest, any citizen not in arms at the time, or search or attempt to search any house, or even to enter the same without permission. The troops must behave them selves with as much forbearance and propriety as if they were at their own homes. They are here to fight the ene mies of the country, not to judge and punish the unarmed and defenceless, however guilty they may be. When ne cessary, that will be done by the proper person. "By command of General M'Dowell, " JAMES B. FRY, Assistant-Adjutant-General." The chimney stacks being of brick are the sole remains of the few good houses in the village. Here our driver made a mistake, which was the rather persisted in that a coloured chattel informed us we could get to Centreville by the route we were pur suing, instead of turning back to Germantown, as we should have done. Centreville was still seven miles ahead. The guns sounded, however, heavily from the valleys. Rising above the forest tops ap peared the blue masses of the Alieghanies, and wo knew ofrthi oen lV ri l art a nhi n dow a g s ehh s so a i s el wsa w hma a i re s e oh s ou o ut i m r tde e mo w tf a h ne e dc v r oe e atil o la n megy a : n , ae ior o nt Bd t ca l ( ) in yiwldoahurgooi wasapn and v o i r r tn g assuredly no descendant of Madame Esmond, told us that we were " going wrong right away." There was, he admitted, a by-road somewhere to the left front, brat people who had tried its depths had re- I turned to Germantown with the conviction that it led to any place hut Centreville. Oar driver, however, wished to try " if there were no Sechesers about ?' " What did you say ?" quoth the Virginian. " I want to know if there are any Secessionists there." " Secessionists !") in a violent surprise, as if he had heard of them for the first time in his life) " No, Sir-ree! Secessionists, indeed !" And all this time Beauregard and Lee were pounding away on our left front some six or seven miles off. The horses retraced their steps, the coloured youth who be strode my charger complaining that the mysterious arrangement which condemns his race to slavery wa,s very much abraded by the action of that spi rited qu'aelrz:ved, combined or rather at variance with the callosities of the English saddle. From Germantown onwards by the right reac,l there was nothing very remarkable. At one place a group of soldiers were buina " Secession money" for some negroes, who looked as if they could afford to part l with it as cheaply as men do who are dealing with other people's property. Buggies and waggons (Auglice, carriages), with cargoes of senators were overtaken. The store carts became more nume rous. At last Centreville appeared in sight—a few houses on our front, beyond which rose a bald hill, the slopes covered with bivouac huts, commissariat , carts, and horses, and the top crested with specta tors of the fight. The road on each side was full of traces of Confederate camps ; the houses were now all occupied by Federalists. In the rear of the hill was a strong body of infantry—two regiments of foreigners, mostly Germans, with a battery of light artillery. Our buggy was driven up to the top of the hill. The coloured boy was despatched to the village to look for a place to shelter the horses while they were taking a much required feed, and to procure, if possible, a meal for him self and the driver. On the hill there were carriages and vehicles drawn up as if they were attending a small country race. They were afterwards engaged in a race of another kind. In one was a lady with an opera glass ; in and around and on others were legislators and politicians. There were also a few civilians on horseback, and on the slope of the hill a regiment had stacked arms, and was engaged in looking at and comment ing on the battle below. The landscape in front was open to the sight as far as the ranges of the Alleghenies, which swept round from the right in blue mounds, the colour of which softened into vio• let in the distance. On the left the view was cir cumscribed by a wood, which receded along the side of the hill on which we stood to the plain be low. Between the hue of this hill, which rose about 150 ft. above the general level of the country, and the foot of the lowest and nearest elevation of the opposite Alleghenies extended about five miles, as well as I could judge, of a densely-wooded coun try, dotted at intervals with green fields and patches of cleared lands. It was marked by easy longitudinal undulations, indicated by the form of the forests which clothed them, and between two of the more considerable ran small streams, or " runs," as they are denominated, from the right to the left. Close at hand a narrow road, descending the hill, went straight into the forest, where it was visible now and then among the trees in cream-coloured patches. This 'road was filled with commissariat waggons, the white tops of which were visible for two miles in our front. On our left front a gap in the lowest chain of the hills showed the gap of Manassas, and to the left and nearer to us lay the "Junction" of the same name, where the Alexandria Railway unites with the rail from the west of Virginia, and continues the route by rails of various denominations to Richmond. The scene was so peaceful a man might well doubt the evidence of one sense that a great contest was being played out below in bloodshed, or imagine, as Mr. Seward sometimes does, that it was a delusion when he wakes in the morning and finds there is a civil war upon him. But the cannon spoke out loudly from the green bushes, and the plains below were mottled, so to speak, by puffs of smoke and by white rings from bursting shells and capricious howitzers. It was no re view that was going on beneath us. The shells gave proof enough of that, though the rush of the shat could not be heard at the distance. Clouds of dust came up in regular lines through the tree tops where infantry were acting, and now and then their wavering mists of light blue smoke curled up, and the splutter of musketry broke through the boom ing of the guns. With the glass I could detect now and then the flash of arms through the dust clouds in the open, but no one could tell to which side the troops who were moving belonged, and 1. could only judge from the smoke whether the guns were fired towards or away from the hill. It was evident that the dust in the distance on our right extended be yond that which rose from the Federalists. The view towards the left, as 1 have said, was inter rupted, but the firing was rather more heavy there than on the front or right flank, and a glade was pointed out in the forest as the beginning of Bull's or Poole's Run, on the other side of which the Con federates were hid in force, though they had not made any specific reply to the shells thrown into their cover early in the morning. There seemed to be a continuous line, which was held by the enemy, from which came steady solid firing against what might be supposed to be heads of columns stationed at various points or advancing against them. It was necessary to feed the horses and give them some rest after a hot drive of some 26 or 27 miles, or I would have proceeded at once to the front. As I was watch ing the faces of the Senators and Congressmen, I thought I had heard or read of such a scene as this —but there was much more to come. The soldiers who followed each shot with remarks in English or German were not as eager as men generally are in watching a fight. Once, as a cloud of thick smoke ascended from the trees, a man shouted out, "That's good; we've taken another battery; there goes the magaz i ne ." But it looked like and I believe was the explosion of a caisson. In the midst of our little re connaissance Mr.Vizetelly, who has been living and, indeed, marching with one of the regiments as artist of the illustrated London News, came up and told us the action had been commenced in splendid style by the Federalists, who had advanced steadily, driving the Confederates before them—a part of the plan, as I firmly believe, to bring them under the range of their guns. He believed the advantages on the Federalist side were decided, though won with hard fighting, and he had just come up to Centreville to look after something to eat and drink, and to procure little necessaries, in case of need, for his comrades. His walk very probably saved his life. Having seen all that could be discerned through our glasses, my friend and myself had made a feast on our sandwiches in the shade of the buggy ; my horse was eating and resting, and I was forced to give him half an hour or more before I mounted, and meantime tried to make out the plan of battle, but all was obscure and dark. Suddenly up rode an officer, with a crowd of soldiers after him, from the village. " We've whipped them on all points !" he shouted, " We've taken their batte ries, and thy're all retreating !" Such an uproar as followed. The spectators and the men cheered again and again, amid cries of " Bravo !"" Bully for us !" " Didn't I tell you so ?" and guttural " hocks" from the Deutschland folk and loud " hurroos" from the Irish. Soon afterwards my horse was brought up to the hill, and my friend and the gentleman I have already mentioned set out to walk towards the front—the latter to rejoin hie regiment if possible, the former to get a closer view of the proceedings. As I turned down into the narrow road, or lane, already mentioned, there was a forward move ment among the large four-wheeled tilt waggons, which raised a good deal of dust. My attention was particularly called to this by the occurrence of a few minutes afterwards. I had met my friends on the road, and after a few words rode forward at a long trot as well as I could past the waggons and through the dust, when suddenly there arose a tumult in front of me at a small bridge across the road, and then I perceived the drivers of a set of wag gons with the horses turned towards me, who were endeavouring to force their way against the stream of vehicles setting in the other direction. By the side of the new set of waggons there were a number of com missariat men and soldiers, whom at first sight I took to be the baggage guard. They looked excited and alarmed, and were running by the side of the horses—in front the dust quite obscured the view. At the bridge the currents met in wild disorder. " Turn back !, Retreat !" shouted the men from the front, We're whi ppe d, we ' re w hi ppe d ;" Th e y' cursed and tugged at the horses' head, and struggled with frenzy to get past. Runnirg by me on foot was a man with t h e shoulder-straps o f an o ffi cer. " Pray what i s t h e matter, sir ?" " It means we ' re pretty badly whi pped, out in puffs, and that's a fact," he blurted and continued his career. I observed that he carri e d no sword. The teamsters of the ad vancing waggons horses" sno wasallg hhttue shout pt heup cry. "Turn back —turn y thewh le line, and, backing, plunging, rearing, and kicking, the horses which had been proceeding down the road reversed f ront and went off towards Centreville. Those behind them went madly rushing on, the drivers being quit e indifferent whether glory or dis grace led the way, provided they could find it. In the midst of this exteaordinaey spectacle an cancer, escorted by some dragoons, rode 'through the ruck with a light cart in charge. Another officer on foot,' with his sword under his arm, ran up against me. "What is all this about ?" "Why we're pretty badly whipped. We're all in retreat. There's General Tyler there badly wounded." And on he ran. There came yet another, who said, " We're beaten on all points. The whole army is in retreat." Still there was no flight of troops, no retreat of an army, no reason for all this precipitation. True, there were many men in uniform flying towards the rear, but it did not appear as if they were beyond the pro portions of a large baggage escort. I got my horse up into the field out of the road, and went on rapidly towards the front. Soon I met soldiers who were coming through the corn, mostly without arms ; and presently I saw firelocks, cook ing tins, knapsacks, and greatcoats on the ground, and observed that the confusion and speed of the baggage-carts became greater, and that many of them were crowded with men, or were follcwed by others, who clung to them. The ambulances were crowded with soldiers, but it did not look as if there were many wounded. Negro servants on led horses dashed frantically past; men in uniform, whom it were a disgrace to the profes sion to call " soldiers," swarmed by on mules, chargers, and even draught horses, which had been cut out of carts or waggons, and went on with har ness clinging to their heels, as frightened as their riders. Men literally screamed with rage and fright when their way was blocked up. On I rode, asking all "What is all this about ?" and now and then, but rarely, receiving the answer, " We're whipped," or, " We're repulsed." Faces black and dusty, tongues out in the heat, eyes staring—it was a most wonderful sight. On they came like him— " —who having once turned round goes on, And turns no more his head, For he knoweth that a fearful fiend Doth close behind him tread." But where was the fiend ? I looked in vain. There was, indeed some cannonading in front of me and in their rear, but still the firing was comparatively dis tant, and the runaways were far out of range. As I advanced the number of carts diminished, but the mounted men increased, and the column of fugitives became denser. A few buggies and light waggons filled with men, whose faces would have made up "a great Leporello" in the ghost scene, tried to pierce the rear of the mass of carts, which were now solidi fied and moving on like a glacier. I crossed a small ditch by the roadside, got out on the road to escape some snake fences, and, looking before me, saw there was still a crowd of men in uniforms coming along. The road was strewn with articles of clothing—fire locks, waist-belts, cartouch-boxes, caps, greatcoats, mess-tins, musical instruments, cartridges, bayonets and sheaths, swords and pistols —even biscuits, water bottles, and pieces of meat. Passing a white house by the road side, I saw, for the first time, a body of infantry with sloped arms marching regularly and rapidly towards me. Their faces were not blackened by powder, and it was evident they had not been engaged. In reply to a question a non-commissioned officer told me in broken English "We fall back to our lines. The attack did not quite succeed." This was assuring to one who had come through such a scene as I had been witnessing. I had ridden, I suppose, about 3 or 31- miles from the hill, though it is not possible to be sure of the distance; when, having passed the white house, I came out on an open piece of ground, beyond and circling which was forest. Two field pieces were unlimbered and guarding the road; the panting and jaded horses in the rear looked as though they had been hard worked, and the gunners and drivers looked worn and dejected. Dropping shots sounded close in front through the woods ; but the guns on the left no longer maintained their fire. I was just about to ask one of the men for a light when a sputtering fire on my right attracted my attention, and out of the forest or along the road rushed a number of men. The gunners seized the trail of the nearest piece to wheel it round upon them ; others made for the tumbrils and horses as if to fly, when a shout was raised " Don't fire ; they're our own men ;" and in a few minutes on came pell-mell a whole regi ment in disorder. I rode across one and stopped him. " We're pursued by cavalry," he gasped ; " They've cut us all to pieces." . As he spoke a shell burst over the column ; another dropped on the road, and out streamed another column of men, keeping together with their arms, and elosing up the stragglers of the first regiment. I turned, ani to my surprise saw the artillerymen had gone off, leaving one gun standing by itself. They had retreated with their horses. While we were on the hill I had observed and pointed out to my companions a cloud of dust which rose through the trees on our right front. In my present position that place must have beer; on the right rear, and it occurred to me that after all there really might be a body of cavalry in that direction, but Murat himself would not have charged these waggons in that deep, well-fenced lane. If the dust came, as I believe it did, from field artillery, that would be a different matter. Any way it was now well estab lished that the retreat had really commenced, though I saw but few wounded men, and the regiments which were falling back had not suffered much loss. No one seemed to know anything for certain. Even the cavalry charge was a rumour. Several officers said they had carried guns and lines, but then they drifted into the nonsense which one reads and hears everywhere about "masked batteries." One or two talked more sensibly about the strong positions of the enemy, the fatigue of their men, the want of a reserve, severe losses, and the bad conduct of certain regiments. Not one spoke as if he thought of re tiring beyond Centreville. The clouds of dust rising above the woods marked the retreat of the whole army, and the crowds of fugitives continued to steal away along the road. The sun was declining, and some 30 miles yet remained to be accomplished ere I could hope to gain the shelter of Washington. No one knew whither any corps or regiment was march ing, but there were rumours of all kinds—" The 69th are cut to pieces ;" " the Fire Zouaves are destroyed," and so on. Presently a tremor ran through the men by whom I was riding, as the sharp reports of some field-pieces rattled through the wood close at hand. A sort of subdued roar, like the voice of dis tant breakers, rose in front of us, and the soldiers, who I think were Germans, broke into a double, looking now and then over their shoulders. There was no choice for me but to resign any lurther re searches. The mail from Washington for the Wed nesday steamer at Boston leaves at 2.30 on Monday, and so I put my horse into a trot, keeping in the fields alongside the roads as much as I could, to avoid the fugitives, till I came once more on the rear of the baggage and store carts, and the pressure of the crowd, who, conscious of the aid which the vehicles would afford them against a cavalry charge, and fear ful, nevertheless, of their proximity, clamoured and shouted like madmen as they ran. The road was now literally covered with baggage. It seemed to me as if the men inside were throwing the things out pur-. posely, " Stop," cried Ito the driver of one of the carts, "everything is falling out." " you," shouted a fellow inside, "if you stop him I'll blow your brains out." My attempts to sav e U nc l e Sam's property were then and there discontinued. On approaching Centreville a body of German in fantry of the reserve came marching down and stemmed the current in some degree, they were followed by a brigade of guns and another battalion of fresh troops. I turned u? on the hill half a mile beyond. The vehicles had all left but two—my buggy was gone. A battery of field guns was in position where we had been standing. The men looked well. As yet there was nothing to indicate more than a retreat and smile ill-behaviour among the waggoners and the riffraff of different regi ments. Centreville was not a bad position properly occupied, and I saw no reason why it should not be held if it was meant to renew the attack, nor any reason why the attack should not be renewed, if there had been any why it should have been made. I swept the field once more. The clouds of dust were denser and nearer. This was all. There was no firing —no musketry. I turned my horse's bead, and rode away through the village, and after I got out upon the road the same confusion seemed to prevail. Suddenly the guns on the hill openeo, and at the same time came the thuds cf a ' . ; 14411 "Y from the wood on the right iceae. The stampede then became gene al. What occurred at the hill I oani- t ct day, but all the road from Centreville for miles presented such a sight as can 03)117 ha wtt nessed in the track, of tlicl eauawaya at so PO- demoralised army. Drivers flogged, lashed, spurred, and beat their horses, or leaped down and aban doned their teams, and ran by the side of the road; mounted men, servants, and men in uniform, ve hicles of all sorts, commissariat waggons thronged the narrow ways. At every shot a convulsion as it were seized upon the morbid mass of bones, sinew, wood, and iron, and thrilled through it, giving new energy and action to its desperate efforts to get free from itself, Again the cry of " Cavalry" arose. " What are you afraid of? " said I to a man who was running beside me. " I'm not afraid of you," replied the ruffian, levelling his piece at me and pulling the trigger, It was not loaded or the cap was not on, for the gun did not go off. I was un armed, and I did go off as fast I could, resolved to keep my own counsel for the second time that day. And so the flight went on. At one time a whole mass of infantry, with fixed bayonets, ran down the bank of the road, and some falling as they ran must have killed and wounded those among whom they fell. As I knew the road would soon become impassable or blocked up, I put my horse to a gal lop and passed on towards the front. But mounted men still rode faster, shouting out, " Cavalry are coming." Again I ventured to speak to some officers whom I overtook, and said, " If these run aways are not stopped the whole of the posts and pickets into Washington will fly also !" One of them, without saying a word, spurred his horse and dashed on in front. Ido not know whether he ordered the movement or not, but the van of the fugitives was now suddenly checked, and, pressing on through the wood at the roadside, I saw a regi ment of infantry blocking up the way, with their front towards Centreville. A musket was levelled at my head as I pushed to the front :—" Stop, or I'll fire." At the same time the officers were shout ing out, " Don't let a soul pass." I addressed one of them and said, " Sir ! I am a British subject, I am not, I assure you, running away. I have done my best to stop this disgraceful rout (as I had) and have been telling them there are no cavalry within miles of them." " I can't let you pass, sir !" I bethought me of General Scott's pass. The adju tant read it, and the word was given along the line, " Let that man pass !" and so I rode through, un certain if I could gain the Long-bridge in time to pass over without the countersign. It was about this time I met a cart by the roadside surrounded by a group of soldiers some of whom had " 69" on their caps. The owner, as I took him to be, Was in great distress, and cried out as I passed, " Can you tell me, sir, where the 69th are ? These men say they are eat to pieces." " I can't tell you." " I'm in charge of the mails, sir, and I will deliver them if I die for it. You are a gentleman, and I can depend on youf word. Is it safe for me to go on ?" Not knowing the extent of the debacle, I assured him it was, and asked the men of the regiment how they happened to be there. " Shure, the Colonel himself told us to go off every man on his own hook, and to fly for our lives," replied one of them. The mail agent, who told me he was an Englishman, started the cart again. I sincerely hope no bad result to himself or his charge followed my advice. I reached Fair fax Court-house ; the people, black and white, with anxious faces, were at the doors, and the infantry were under arms. I was besieged with questions, though hundreds of fugitives had passed through before me. At one house I stopped to ask for water for my horse ; the owner sent his servant for it cheerfully, the very house were we had in vai n asked for something to eat in the forenoon. " There's a fright among them," I observed, in reply to his ques ion respecting the commissariat drivers. " They're afraid of the enemy's cavalry." " Are you an American," said the man. "No, I am not." " Well, then," he said, " there will be cavalry on them soon enough. There's 20,000 of the best horse men in the world in Virginny !" Washington was still 19 miles away. The road was rough and un certain, and again my poor steed was under way ; but it was no use trying to outstrip the runaways. Once or twice I imagined I heard guns in the rear, but I could not be sure of it in consequence of the roar of the flight behind me. It was most surpris ing to see how far the foot soldiers had contrived to get on in advance. After sunset the moon rose, and amid other acquaintances I jogged alongside an officer who was in charge of Colonel Hunter, the commander of a brigade, I believe, who was shot through the neck, and was inside a cart, escorted by a few troopers. This officer was, as I under stood, the major or second in command of Colonel Hunter's regiment, yet he had considered it right to take charge of his chief, and to leave his battalion. He said they had driven back the enemy with ease, but had not been supported, and blamed—as bad officers and good ones will do—the conduct of the General ; "So mean a fight I never saw." I was re minded of a Crimean General who made us merry by saying after the first bombardment, "In the whole course of my experience I never saw a siege con ducted on such principles as these." Our friend had been without food, but not, I suspect, without drink—and that, we know, affects empty stomachs very much—since 2 o'clock that morning. Now, what is to be thought of an officer—gallant, he may be, as steel—who says, as I hear& this gentleman say to a picket who asked him how the day went in front, " Well, we've been licked into a cocked hat ; knocked to —." This was his cry to teamsters, escorts, convoys, the officers, and men on guard and detachment, while I, ignorant of the disaster behind tried to mollify the effect of the news by adding " Oh, it's a drawn battle. The troops are re-occupy ing the position from which they started in the morn ing." Perhaps he knew his troops better than I did. It was a strange ride, through a country now still as death, the white road shining like a river in the moonlight, the trees black as ebony in the shade; now and then a figure flitting by into the forest or across the road—frightened friend or lurking foe, who could say ? Then the anxious pickets and sen tries all asking, " What's the news ?" and evidently prepared for any amount of loss. Twice or thrice we lost our way, or our certainty about it, and shouted at isolated houses and received no reply, except from angry watch dogs. Then we were set right as we approached Washington by teamsters. For an hour, however, we seemed to be travelling along a road which in all its points far and near was " 12 miles from the Long-bridge." Up hilly, down into valleys, with the silent grim wood for ever by our sides. Now and then in the profound gloom, broken only by a spark from the horse's hoof, came a dull but familiar sound like the shutting of a dis tant door. As I approached Washington, having left the colonel and his escort at some seven miles on the south side of the Long-bridge, I found the grand guards, pickets' posts, and individual sentries burn ing for news, and the word used to pass along " What does that man say, Jack ?" "Begorra, ho tells me were not bet at all—only retraiting to tho ould lines for convanieney of fighting to-morrow again. Oh, that's iligant." On getting to the tete de pont, however, the countersign was demanded; of course, I had not got it. But the officer passed me through on the:production of General Scott's safeguard. The lights of the city were in sight and reflected on the waters of the Potomac, just glistened by the clouded moon, shone the gay lamps of the White House, where the President was probably entertaining some friends, In silence I passed over the Long bridge. Some few hours later it quivered under the steps of a rabble of unarmed men, At the Wash ington end a regiment with piled arms were wait ing to cross over into Virginia, singing cheer ing. Before the morning they received o rders, I believe, to assist in keeping Marylond quiet. For and the hundredth time I repeated the cautious account ' which to the best of my knowledge was,true. There were men, women, and soldiers to hear it. The clocks had just s truck 11 p.m. at I passed Will ar d' s. The pavement in front the ball was crowded. Q,: The rumours of defaat had come in, but few of th e many who, Lad been fed upon lies and the repo r t s of complete victory w hich prevailed could cre di t the , intelligence. Seven hoera had not el apse d b efore the streets told, tho story. The " G rand Army of the Nortla, 4 as. it was called, had represontatives in ril9), oxders, or offi cers,out in the draa ~, every thoroughfare , w i thout ar standing 'ling r a i n . when all these most una c eonnfs;e4 lun p,..cna was °mar ring I was int asleep I secould scarce craditmy int,mxisui morning, when told me that the ''aeralists, utterly routed, had fallen back upon Arlington to defend the capital, leaving nearly five batteries of artillery, 8,000 muskets, immense quan tity of stores and baggage, and their wounded and prisoners in the hands of the enemy ! Let the American journals tell the story thei r own way. I h '.70 told mine as I know it. It has rained incessantly and heavily since early niorning, and the country must be unfit for operations; otherwise, if Mr. Davis desired to press his advan tage, he might now be very close to Arlington Heights. He has already proved that he has a fair right to be considered the head of a belligerent Power. But, though the North may reel under the shock, I cannot think it will make her desist fro° the struggle, unless it be speedily followed by blows more deadly even than the repulse from ikfaila a r • There is much talk now (of "masked batteries, of course) of outflanking, and cavalry, and suc h raat, ters. The truth seems to be that the men Were n overworked, kept out for 12 or 14 hours in the sa f exposed to look; range fire, badly officered , and n, deficient regimental organisation. Then came a most difficult operation—to withdraw this army, s° stituted, out of action in face of an energetic enemy who had repulsed it. The retirement of the baggage' which was without adequate guards, and was in the hands of ignorant drivers, w a s misunderstoo d a nd created alarm, and that alarm became a oath' which became frantic on the appearance the runaways. and on the opening of their guns °rl runaways. But the North will be all the O r eager to retrieve this disaster, although it 111E ' l divert her from the scheme, which has been sat.T e gested to her, of punishing E ng l a nd a little while longer. The exultation of the South can only understood by those who may see it, and i f the Federal Government persev e r e s in its design r make Union by force it may prepare for a str u g gle the result of which will leave the Union very lit tle r to fight for. More of the I , battle" i n my ne xt. pity the public across the w a t er , b u t they mu st b , i e f the victims of hallucination s an d m yth s it is out " my power to dispel or rectify just now. Na l l told so long a story, I can scarcely expect y o- i readers to have patience, and go back upon the us uri diary of events ; but the recoi ds, such as they a re ' of this extraordinary repulse must command att eir tion. It is impossible to exaggerate their liner tance. No man can predict the results or preten' to guess at them. IRELAND. DUBLIN, Mo 0 Yesterday a pastoral l e tt er f rom Archbis hop Cullen was read in all th e R oman C a th o lic churches and chapels of his diocess. He begins with reeolp.o, mending prayers for the Pope, who, though. vre iently assailed by all the enemies of G o d a nd 01 ligion, steers with a firm hand the bark of Pe te , While other princes and s t a t esmen presen t a lam e " d able picture of weaknes s or p er fid y an d a re toss e d about like fragile reeds, h o u ph o ld s th e prinoW of eternal justice and the rights of the Church a w n , of society with undaunted c o urage , a t th e same ti a k. edifying the world with th e examp l e o f his l ee- 00 . ness and all the virtues that adorn Christ's Vicari earth. " What a happines s ," h e exc l a i m s, "that Go 6 has given to the Chu r ch so h o ly a P on tiff to gut . to her in these troubled time s !" From the Vatica n , 04 the workhouse is but a step with Dr. Cullen. P 1 1 , 4. regarding the report of the Committee for ifiri a . t i e , ing into the Operation of the Poor Law be re , l h e rates his former statements ; that the diet of " sej paupers is scanty and bad ; that they are ex, 4 l) „% s s to many and dangerous diseases ; that in siez`",, t y they are badly attended by nurses frequently t l lt' t from the most degraded classes in society; the vicious are mixed with the young and ino cen ! and that very little provision is made for their )f ligious worship. He complai ns o f th e exclusion ,9 Roman Catholics from situati ons i n the v moll 4 For example, in all the workhouses of Ulster thef is only one Catholic schoolmast er t o 21 Protesta nts, and five Catholic schoolmistresses to 34 Protesta n t There are 40 Protestant clerks to five Catholics; 40 Protestant masters and 38 Protestant matrons three Catholic masters and three Catholic matron i while there are 213 Protestant medical men attach e to the unions, and only 13 Catholics. The s B ' l3lei exists in the counties of Dublin, Wicklow, and Ca r : l low. The Archbishop congratulat es th e pr iests an t laity, that after centuries of exclusive enjoynle ll o of persecuting power and Ch urc h propert y, then are only 47,000 memb ers o f th e E sta bli s h e d Ctiorv nb a in Dublin, whereas the Catholics, who have sliff e n re o ,. persecution and degr a d a ti on , amoun ti ng to 1 94, %, " What a proof of the s t er ility o f P ro testant l . 6 ,/ and the vitality of C a th o li c i ty !" Th e praeil' o , conclusion which D r . C u ll en d raws f ro m the C e be sus is that the Established Church ought abolished. " Were:such an institution," he "discovered in Naples or Modena, with wh at - 1 cents of fiery indignation would it not be d e nouli e d ? by the very men who defend it h ere in Troia ° i ll Let us hope that the lib era l s pi r it o f the age 1 11 0 not tolerate the continuance o f so f r ightful abuse, and that the overwhelming majori t y, (14 Catholics in Ireland w ill no l onger b e cotoP el e a t: in despite of justice and common sense, to suPP io , an establishment the existence of which is O w . suit to their feelings and th e i r re li g ion." o f Cullen hopes that the Cen sus w ill open the eye s °. the subscribers to the P ro t es t an t Mi ss i o nary di e cieties, and " teach them to put little trust in stories fabricated by missionaries, sent, certs Lei. not by God, who is a l over o f truth, b ut the fatill of lies ; fabricated undoubtedly for the purP ese t be promoting their own interest, and concealing signal failure of all their efforts." COUNTRY MARKETS. COLCHESTER—MTG. 3. it B t e ll° A fair supply of wheat, which was difficult to se w - Lyeo prices of last Saturday. A f ew samp l es o f n ew - 1 - made 66s to 70s per qr., quality very fine. 0 Qg to 1 4 Wheat, white' 62s to 60s ; _Beaus, Eazagan.•,,-, to 4„ red 44s to 56s 1 ISlidthe & small 3 .° 8 4 : 4 10 ' Barley - 1°440 —s to —8 1 White peas .... to Oats .. 418,,, to —s I Grey,. ........ . 5 " CHELMSFORD—AuG. 2. listl fr An increased supply of wheat, but millers and mere, r elf exhibited no eagerness to purchase. Good w heats 05 01 maintained last week's prices • inferior sorts is Ic' sver 'bottt a very dull trade. Spring corn of all descriptions 0 the same, with a limited Els e ! to 4 54 Wheat, white.— .2 - is to Peas, Partridge .. 44s - 460 red Q tO 36s to 57s I White ........ 4.5 to 415 Barley 29s to 42s I Boiling ...... 43s 4 3; Chevalier 32s to 45s ' Dun .......... 403 t,: 8.4 Grinding 26s to 37s Beans, Tick .... 395 ,„ 500 Malt 61s to 67s Harrow Ticks 3 95 L" 4 6.1 33 5 to Chevalier 64s to 69s , Mazagan ...... Oats 26s to 31s Wheat NO T TINGHAM—Aua 3. White do 3Bs to 69s Oats j Beans (2Bs to so 47s to 77s to 5° 40s to 40 Barley ....29s to 31s Ditto, old ........565 KIRKALDY—AUG. 3. 10 A small supply to-day of wheat, oats, an d barley, s'ilto sales at about last week's currencies, taking quality ill account. Wheat Barl , ey I Oats First.... 36s Od3oa Od I 26s Od. Second.. Ms Od 38e Od I 30s Od Third .. 58 —s Od s Od 31s Od B I RTHS. re f BARRON.—On the 3d inst., at 10, Devonshire-terr%,, xa Hyde-park, the wife of Richard Bankes Barron, of a son. HAREWOOD.—On the 3d inst., at Harewood House, over-square, the Countess Harewo o d, o f a son. 0 2(9 M ACD ONALD.—On the 2d inst., at 3, Chester-squarer o f w ife of Lieutenant-Col. Macdon a ld, 93d Hi g hl a nd a son. MARRIAGES. FORSTER—LIMEY.—On the 3d inst., at St. John's, - -,a otofnbrapahrtainan,..realdaeds,t andson of L a t u h r e en la c t e e p M ,n o u r n ti t n ne F y o . r p s i t a e c l e ., : - 'il," to E s q., ailio.sHtaoapkew, t e h u e .p y a o r u k n r g o e a r d, da s u t e k te w r e o ll f , Henry lan oh, KNIG HT — HOCHEE.—On the Ist inst., at Lingfield Anthony Knight, Esq., son of Valentine Knight, o tter of Cornwall-terrace, Regent's-park, to Letitia Cho r fi e lar daughter of John Ho c h ee , E s q., of Nortons, Li n g Surrey. CURTEIS.—On the 2dDinEst A , a T t s Tl ev S en . Thcf' Thomas Curteis, rector, a . ged 73. ecI C D - - ritiverst 011 I\ ING.—On the Ist inst ,at at Provost-road , hill, Willington Downing, Esq., aged 3G. oaks, Kent, the - MONTRESSOR.—On the 4th inst., at Os p ringe House, P _ .O versham, Mary, relict of the la tc tleneral Sir Thos. Gob Montressor, K.C.H., aged Si. e 0 PLAN TAGENE T.—On the 29t h ult., Richard Plantageno Second Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, K.G. , Rrly, , ,,Lna.—On the 3d inst., at Penair, Cornwall, Adillr ral Sic Barrington Reynolds, G.C.8., aged 78. TRAQuArn.—On the 2d inst., at Traquair House, Peebleiv shire, the Right Hon. the Earl of Traquair, aged 81. _........ --I.!! —— ---- t LONDON : Printed and Published by MUBDO YOUNG, No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SuN 011 ice, No. i fz,str_..zao-, In the Precinct of the Savoy, in the'Counfy of Wad i Tuealay, August 6, Isa. Ro 11E .4 trate ;11, totr ti : ett ranct for t 1 LI, 1 1liD its - at it , I lt , ( kt et Tx t 'eet THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 6, 1861, ...