The Sun. — London, England, 1827-09-14 00:00:00

amateur thieves. With reaped to the mass of thieves in a civilized community, most of them, no doubt, prefer their employment to that of an honest calling, from the greater excitement it af fords. Like all gamblers, the monotony of a life not chequered by hope and fear would be unsupportable to them. But it is possible to deprive their occupation of its chief attraction, and of this we have a proof in what Mr. Leckie has done in Calton ; for, by watching their mo tions so closely as to make their occupation both irksome and unprofitable, " they have decamped to some more favourable field for pursuing their vocations unmolested." No man would put his money into a lottery in which there ware not some prizes. No man would poach if he did not obtain some game. Th oug h t h e pat i ence of an angler is proverbial, no man would angle long in a stream in which he did not obtain even a nibble. No man, in like manner, will be a thief in a place where he is excluded from all hope of escape. The great point to be aimed at then is, to make the business of a thief every where so unprofitable and so irks ome , as to b e without sufficient attractions. Parsons may preach and. Judges may inveigh against the heinousness of the crime long enough before they produce any effect on thieves ; and even the pregnant instruction given by the hangman is too often thrown away, as we know from execu tions being so often selected by thieves for the exercise of their vocations. All men, and, in deed, all animals, hate to be harrassed, for even rooks will desert a country where they are con stantly molested ; and thieves are like other animals, they love to have their hours of undis turbed enjoyment. The robbers in Schiller sung—" A free life we lead—a life full of de light ; the forest is our nightly quarters, and the moon is our' sun." But in England, all the measures hitherto adopted would seem to have had for object the benefit and pleasure of Thieves. The draughts made from tone to time from their body merely serve to keep the trade from being over stocked. If a farmer were not occasionally to thin his stock, or a preserver his game, or the owner of a fish pond his fish, the principle of Mr. Malthus would render them very uncomfortable. The thieves themselves, if they were consulted how they could be most comfortable, would answer, to a mat), by keeping down their numbers through the aid of justice. The Judge and the Hangman are, therefore, the thieves' best friends. The Police, as it exists in London, would dread nothing so much as a decrease of thieving; for the more thiev ing flourishes, the more do the police flourish. —The police officers have an interest in the increase of crime, for their incomes are derived from the individuals who apply to them for aid ; and it would, therefore, be as absurd to expect that they should not wish well to thieving, as that an Old Bailey Counsellor or Solicitor should wish all men to be honest. The police officer looks over his thieves merely as a farmer looks over his flock of sheep, to consider which he is to send next to the butcher. In the fairs in the neighbourhood of the metropolis, a thief who succeeds in making off with a prize will have no hesitation in catering a tent where an officer is, and telling him of his success, and the particulars of his escape. The officer is a man of the world, and too polite to interfere to dis turb the happiness of another, where his own is not concerned ; so the joke goes round between them. But when a high reward is offered, or a rich banker or merchant feels determined, cost what it will, to discover a depredator, the officer feels himself imperiously obhged to be uncivil to his friend the thief. Among a - people so ci vilized as the English, if we wish to effect any object, we must make it the interest of those whom we employ as instruments to produce such a result. It will be said, perhaps, " 0, we see what you are driving at ; you wish to give large incomes to the police 'officers." Not exactly ; for, like other well-paid men, they would fall on means of doing as little , as possible for their money. If officers have too much money, they will not work. What is wanted is unity of sys tern, and graduated responsibility. Mr. Leckie, for instance, is responsible for the order of Cal ton ; Mr. Leckie 's reputation is at stake ; and were he to lose his reputation, he would also lose • a situation which is no doubt good compared with his expectations, and the suitable discharge of which may lead him to a still better. If we wish to have a good police in the Metropolis, we must have organization. Lord Mayors who • bestow an hour or so of that part of their time which is not dedicated to feasting, Aldermen, Deputies, and Common Councilmen, Select Vestrymen, and the other pursy and prosperous men who waddle into power and authority in the various divisions of this Metropolis, and who, so far from acting in concert, are commonly pulling in different directions, can certainly be no match for sharp-witted Jews, and swindlers, and thieves. These functionaries have nei ther the power nor the motives for re pressing crime ; they are neither responsible for what they do themselves, or what they do through others. They have two objects in view in taking office----the acquisition of importance, and the acquisition of patronage. One func- • tionary appoints a watchman, because he has been very serviceable in running of errands for his wife ; another Deputy appoints a watchman because he has a large family—because, being a tailor or shoemaker, he is too blind to work at his trade —because he was a regular Church or Taber nacle-goer, and good at Psalm-singing, or what not. The same tradesman, who in his own business, will look sharply enough after the qualifications of the men he employs, in his ca pacity of Vestryman or Deputy of a Ward is as • liberal in the exercise of his power of appoint ment as a Prime Minister, .when actin g on the -- recommendation of a great Boroughm onger. We must have a system of Police, organi ze d ac cording to the principle which gives efficiency to every other system. The metropolis and a cer tain extent of country round it should be con sidered as one whole, and placed, with respect to Police matters, under one head, who should be held responsible for the order throughout.— Under this general Superintendent should be placed deputies, each in turn responsible for order in his district. To these deputies again • should be committed the power of naming an d removing watchmen, officers, &c. and disposing of them in such a manner, as may appear to them most conducive to the object of putting down depredation. For stimulating the diligence of the different functionaries, premiums might at the same time be held out, the functionary in who division the fewest offences compared with the epopulation took place receiving the highest, andso proportionably with the others. As it is extremely difficult to make the people of England believ e that public employment can be disconnected with public plunder and abuse, it would of course , be no easy matter to preserve even on e institution in this country free from impure influence. Every attempt would, of 1 course, be made to thrust into the higher situa- F tions men whose Only qualification would be a desire to enjoy the salaries. The best way of guarding against the evils of patronage would be to open the door of promotion to the very lowest in the scale, and to allow only a limited number to fill the highest situations who had not filled the lowest. This is a mere outline, which might be filled up in a variety of ways. If the great object of organization and individual responsibi lity be attended to, the details are of less conse quence. But will any thing like this be at tempted ? .No, There are, first, the privileges of the City of London, and these must not be infringed in any way. Then the various Parish Boards, who would fight stoutly for their patron age. Then the multitudes who are interested in keeping crime at a certain amount, from the Old Bailey Counsellor down to the Police-officer. The keepers of flash and receiving-houses ; the • brewers and distillers, to whom the former belong ; the Magistrate, who is related to the brewer—all would suffer from the diminution of • crime—and all would make an outcry against any change. It is an understood matter in England, that any man who exposes himself to any inconvenience in reforming abuses is a fool; and that the way of wisdom and good policy is to get through public duty, taliter qualiter, making as few enemies as possible by touching • with abuses, and reserving activeness and dili gence for private business. Those who are benefited by the virtue of a public man remain quiet ; but those who suffer from it are sure to make a great noise. Hence the rule observed in England by public men, of leaving abuses un touched, is not without its foundation in pru dence.—Morning Chronicle. We would earnestly recommend to the atten tion of the Marquis of Lansdowne, Mr. Spring Rice, and all other persons connected with the Government of Ireland, the melancholy details of the state and sufferings of the hordes of the lower Irish who have lately emigrated to New Brunswick and elsewhere. These wretched be ings, besides flying from poverty and wretched ness at home, to a country where no preparations were made for their reception, have been allowed to be crowded together on their passage, in a manner almost as objectionable and appalling as that in which the evidence taksa some years ago on the Slave Trade described the kidnapped Africans to be. The consequence has been, that disease in various forms has been added to their other calamities, hurrying no small part of them into premature death, and leaving on the minds of the survivors but little attachment, we should fear, to a mother country, who, in calmly look ing on, and permitting such scenes, acts but an unnatural part. Retaining the opinion we have already expressed, that emigration is not yet called for as a necessary absorption of a redun dant population, either in Great Britain or Ire land, nor would be for many years to come, if the internal resources of each island were duly sought out and cultivated ; yet if, in default of this, emigration is forced upon these poor people as the unavoidable result of their situation, there can be but one opinion, we should think, as to its being the bounden duty of Go vernment to see that it takes place under proper regulations, and, above all, that the cupidity of captains or shipowners should not be allowed to plunge these poor people in greater disease and wretchedness than those which they fly from ; and that, to whatever spot they go, some preparations should be made for their reception and temporary support. What would be thought of the Government if it allowed the victims of pauperism at home to rush in crowds to Dover Cliff,' and cast themselves, reckless of life, into the sea ? Yet how does the mode of trans portation described in the accounts from New Brunswick differ in effect from such a supposed case of self-devotion ? And the Government is as much bound to regulatelthe one, as it would be to prevent the other. What the true remedy for the grievances of the lower class of Irish would be, it would be presumptuous perhaps in us to pronounce ; but if we were asked to define it, we should do it in one word—Labour. Let beneficial labour be found for the people, and want, and with it discontent, would soon die away, and we believe, moreover, that a Govern ment, looking steadily at this object, and, above all, disregarding private views and interests, might speedily accomplish it. But if in this we are too sanguine, and it is not likely to be ac complished—if, insteakof enjoying tranquillity at home, the Irish peasant is doomed to become an unwilling outcast from it, at any rate let the Government guard against the recurrence of such modes of emigration as those to which we have adverted—methods alike disgusting to hu manity, and disgraceful to a civilized state. — Morning Herald. In resuming the subject of our Colonies, we have to observe that we would neither nnder value nor overvalue the advantages of local know ledge. Without it Governments at home may sometimes interfere unnecessarily, sometimes mischievously ; but, at the same time, it must be admitted, that with it the dominant party in the Colony may, from prejudices, habits, and feelings, be much worse fitted for the task than those whom they are, in general, so anxious to relieve from it. One instance is 'as good as a million. We have great respect for the West India Planters as a body, and we believe that very many of the tales of their cruelty which have been repeated, usque ad nauseant, are founded on but suspicious evidence ; but with these sen timents we should still think the planters but indifferently qualified for regulating the treat ment of their slaves, notwithstanding all the ad vantages which perfect local knowledge bestows. Laying aside this consideration, we shall notice very shortly two particulars to which we adverted on Saturday. The introduction of Jury trial into the Colonies is the first of these. It is dif ficult to persuade the people of this country, that an institution, from which they have received so many benefits, can fail to confer benefit on others. They forget that there is nothing in the mere form of this mode of trial that bestows on it any peculiar excellence, and that it owes its virtue and temper of the peopl e fromamong efficacy to the whom the Jury is chosen. In fact, should ever the people of England so far degenerate as to become the ready servants of a despot's will, there is none of their institutions from which an despot would rece i ve su ch effectual enlightened desp support as from that of Juries, by which not only responsibility is destroyed, by being divided, but in which the parties are generally so obscure and little known, as to be unassailable by public no tice. When, therefore, the trial by Jury is held out as a panacea for all the evils of a Colony, it ought first to be considered what m a t e rials for the formation of an independent and honest Jury it contains. These, it is evident, no small Co lony can possess. No man is independent in a small community, where his interests are so im mediately affected, not only by his conduct, but by his sentiments, unless his worldly circum stances raise him above the necessity of consult 7 ' ing the great mini of his circle. • • P®r s!ch Co lonies an independent Judge is an infiniely bet ter safeguard than the institution of Juies, and that safeguard, as we noticed on Saturey, they now possess. The question as to thefieedom of the press in the Colonies is one of Which we cannot (der even a proximate solution What is meant by a free press at home, is as litle fitted for many of them as a patent stove for . powder magazine. Nothing, indeed, but a spiri of hasty generalization, without regard to in 0 odking cir cumstances, could ever induce a man o sense to advocate the propriety of a free press, t the or dinary sense of the word, in India, or in the Slave Islands. It must, at the same time, be allowed, that the system of licensing iattended with formidable objections, not the Ightest of which is, that by repressing all diagreeable truths, it not unfrcquently may repres such as are essential to be known ; and by tainting with suspiciop all that issues front it, a Reused press is as powerless to protect as it is to iiure ; yet how to get rid of this system we do ot exactly see. When the danger of exciting th passions of the populace, as in a Slave Island, i so immi nent, to refuse to the Governor the paver of nn , mediately shackling the hands of the aan, who, in his :Tort, might scatter firebrands mild death, would be attended with infinitely gretcr danger to the society over which he has to Wa tch, than any capricious exercise of such a pill- possibly could be. Perhaps, instead of suprcssing a paper, the dismissal of its conductor Tight serve the purpose. The great objection, tht, by sup pression for an improper article, an inment pro prietor may be deprived of a valuabl property, would thus be got rid of. That a i.ee Press should be granted wherever the bad erects to be apprehended from its establishment w s 7; not ob vious and palpable, we must be very uconsistent were we not to contend. When va say that shackles are necessary, we must be uelerstood to speak of such Colonies only, where from the degraded condition of a large portiol of the po pulation, or the peculiar nature of tle tie which unites them to England, the freedomof the press would, in reality, be the worst an most dan gerous of licentiousness.—New Tines. OLD BAILEY.-SEPT. These Sessions compiler Justice GASELEE and Mr. arc in all 437 prisoners, of ing is a specification : Murder 3 Burglary 3 Ripe 1 Cutting and Maiming 1 Forgery: 1 Highway Robbery l5 Housebreaking .... ......... • 7 Coining 3 Uttering Counterfeit Coin 1 Stealing in dwelling-houses 12 Horse stealing 9 Returning from transports 1 tion 1 Of the above number, 85 are in the City, and 372 in the Cow iced this before Mr. Baron VAUGIAN. There whose crime the follow- Sheep stealing 3 Beast stealing Manslaughter Assault with htent to rob I Embezzling 3 Stealing from he person B6 ReceivingStolti Goods 8 Larcenies 292 Threatening tcaccuse, with intent to exhrt money 1 Fraud 2 Total 457 !barged with ciiiiea committed John White was found " Guilty" of stealing two gowns, the property of John Lissel. Stephen Riley was indicted for an assault on Mary Macpherson, and stealing from her person a reticule, and the sum of 461.; and J. 7'rislrain was indicted at the same time for a felonious receiving of the property. Mrs. Mary Macpherson, a respectable looking lady, wife of Mr. Macpherson, of Rockingham-row, Kent-road, left her house on the 21st of June last, for the purpose of going to Bedford-square, to pay some money. She had a reticule with her contain ing 461. in notes and sovereigns. She put the money into the reticule, apart from that which she used for other purposes, and twisted the string round her finger. She went to Charing-Cross in a then walked across 'tlie Seven mobaa — lattei one came near St. Giles's, at the corner of Buckeridge-street and George-street; she came to the public-house which she understands belongs to the prisoner Tris tram. She there passed three men, whom she ob served standing near a post at the public-house door. One of the men wore a loose brown coat. He looked particularly at her, and for that reason she looked at him. She had scarcely passed him, When she was seized from behind, and so confined that she could not turn. In one hand she held a para sol, in the other, a reticule. The man's hand came round her person arid pulled the bag. The two first pulls were very violent, but not sufficient to force the bag from her; but at the third pull, the reticule was forced from her, and the violence of the pull threw her into the kennel. The string was broken, and a part of it left in her hand. She then saw a man run before her, round Buckeridge-street. She followed him, and gave an alarm. All this took place at 12 o'clock in the day, close to the door of the public house. Observed the man that ran, but could not see his face. She believed that he was one of the three men she saw previously at the public-house door, with two others. Gave information of the robbery at the Police Office. A person of the name of Flanagan was taken on suspicion. She once accused that person of being the man who rob bed her. She did so from his great likeness to the present prisoner. Riley was not in custody then, but he was afterwards taken. She now believes Riley to be one of the men whom she saw at the public-house door, particularly as the man Flanagan was proved not to be one of them. Wm. Reeves, a boy of twelve years old, living with his parents in George-street, St. Giles's, was in that street near the prisoner's (Tristram's) pub lic-house on the day in question. Saw Mrs. Mac pherson near the public-house on that day about 12 o'clock. Saw the prisoner (Riley) go up to the lady, catch hold of her side,pull her by the reticule, and throw her on the ground. Saw Riley then run away round the corner of Buckeridge-street. He had a brown snuff-coloured coat on, and corduroy trousers. Had observed him previously in company with the other men. They went away when he got up to Mrs. Macpherson. Saw Riley again on the same evening. He then wore a different coloured coat. Attended at the police-office when a person, not the prisoner, was produced. He saw Mrs. Macpherson at the office, and recognised her. Thomas Annes, collecting clerk to Meux' s brew ery, proved that the prisoner Tristram dealt with s o f p t a h y e rn n e o n t t on the es t 2 h 6 a t t b h o o f u j s e u , n a e n f d ro t m ha T t r h i e st r ra e m eei a ve p d ar a t iden tified by the last witness and Mr. Macpherson. He believed it was Tristram's wife who made the pay ment. He made a mark on the notes at the time of receiving them, and was quite satisfied as to their identity. submitted that M n r. o P e li Vi l d L e L n l C P C S, support the indictment against him for receiving property, know ing it to be stolen. Fagan, a Bow-street officer, had conver sations with iristram respecting the robbery, and also respecting the notes paid to his brewer. He did not give any additional information with re gard to the robbery ; and as to the 101 . notes, he said he received them from a stranger, and that he was in the habit of frequently changing large notes for strangers, when he was assured the notes were good. Several respectable witnesses were then called, who gave Tristram an excellent character for several years. The Jury, a ft er a s h or t consu lt a tion , Acquitted both the prisoners. Robert Martin, a boy only thirteen years old was indicted for a burglary and robbery in the dwell ing-house of Mr. Jones, the optician, at Charing cross.—The Jury found the prisoner Guilty. Lyon Lyons, a respectable-looking man, was in dicted for stealing a quantity of cloth, gloves, three gold watches, and a sum of money, and bills of ex change to the amount of 10001. the property of Kr. Matthew Waller, from his premises, in king-street, Chcapside. It was understood that the prisoner was detained since last Sessions under a respite for a robbery in the house of Dr. Reece. Mr. Henry Hall, clerk to Mr. Waller, deposed that he saw the premises of his master safe on Sa turday evening, the 16th June, and on Monday morning he found that they had been broken into, and that several pieces of goods had been stolen. The premises were opened from Cateaton-street, by forcing a panne!. The cash-boxes were opened and the money was taken away. Several pairs of gloves, some woollen cloths, and three gold watches, were also removed. The cash-box, containing eight bills of exchange, to the value of 1,000/., which were likewise taken. A box of cigars had been opened, and it was evident that the thieves had smoked some of them. It also appeared that they had got at the wine binn, and drank one or two bottles. Mr. Cope, the city marshal, searched the prisoner's house, and found in it a quantity of gloves and cloth, a part of the stolen property, in a front room ground floor. It was found in drawers; and the prisoner accounted for having it, by saying he had purchased the cloth and gloves from a tradesman, but he did not give the name of that person. Mr. Waller identified the property. Mr. John Croft, a cloth-manufacturer in Cole man-street, proved the cloth to be a part of a quan tity which he sold to Mr. Waller. It was impos sible to identify the cloth by the lamp-light then in Court, but he had previously inspected it by day, and was assured of the property. The prisoner, on being called on for his defence, put in a written paper, in which he asserted his in nocence, and declared that he had always preserved an incorruptible character until the charge which had been made against him last Session ; and that at the time of the present charge he was incapable, from ill-health, of effecting a burglary and robbery. He also offered to produce bills of parcels for the goods, and also to establish, by undoubted witnesses, that he had been at home the whole of the time in which it was possible for the felony to have been committed. Henry Harris, a general dealer, swore that he had sold the prisoner some of the property now in the hands of the officer; but it was not any of the pro perty in the present indictment. He knew the prisoner 14. years, and that he was a respectable and honest man. Witness saw him on the 17th of June, he was then very poorly. He saw him after dinner, about two o'clock, and staid half an hour• with him. There was no doctor with him. He was not in bed; was sitting up in a chair. The prisoner was in the habit of attending sales with wit ness. He attended at a sale with him within a month, but could not recollect where it was. Joseph Hart, a Jew, who remained in Court, though all the witnesses were ordered out previous to the defence, swore he did not hear the order of the Court. He then deposed that he knew the prisoner for the last two years, and that he boarded in his house. The prisoUer was at home ill on the night of the 16th. He remained all night at home, and he continued ill the following day. Witness could swear that the prisoner was in the house, be cause he had been under a surgical operation,and was confined to his house. 1k saw him at home in the evening of the 16th at ten at night, and at nine in the morning of the 17th. He also saw him on the 18th. The prisoner bore an honest character. He attended sales, but did not know whether he went to them in a hackney-coach. Witness lived in a back room on the ground floor. He knew that many customers came to deal with the prisoner, in the friint room, for goods. Mr. Solomon Levi, arbitrator of exchanges on the Royal Exchange, knew the prisoner for 25 years, and thought him an honest man until the present charge. He had not been in the habit of going to the prisoner's, and knew nothing of his pursuits there. Mr. Symonds, an importer of leeches, also gave :he prisoner a good character. Lazarus Lazarus, Mordecai Moses, Sinaon Cadzes, sue- weveral other J owe s gave the prisoner as -eh...serer for honesty. The Jury found the prisoner " Guilty." MAD DOGS. To hydrophobia, or madness, all dogs are liable ; and from this dreadful cause many me lancholy events proceed every year. Opinions differ as to the cause of hydrophobia. It is usually asserted (though apparently without foundation) to be most frequent after long, dry, and hot seasons ; and some experienced -or' , say that such dogs as live on putrid carrion, without plenty of fresh water, are more liable to it than others. The symptoms are stated to be these :—The dog, at first, looks dull—shows an aversion to his food and to company. He does not bark, as usual ; but utters occasionally a most plaintive and dismal howl, which no person who has once heard can ever forget. — His ears and tail drop more than usual. He lolls out his tongue, froths at the mouth, and his eyes seem heavy and watery. If not con fined, he escapes, and runs panting along with a dejected air, and endeavours to bite any one he meets. After the first symptoms of madness there are two or three days, during which the dog has sufficient sense to distinguish and ac knowledge his master ; but, if he is loose, he will, in general, even at this tune, bite whatever comes in his way. He will, sometimes, during this stage of the disease, leave his home for se veral hours, spreading his disorder by biting men and animals, and again return. When in th e height of his disorder, it is peculiarly dangerous to strike at, or provoke, a mad dog ; for he has then no fear of anything, and will generally re turn the attack. If a mad dog escapes being killed, he seldom runs more than two or three days, when he dies, exhausled by heat, hunger, and disease, In confinement he does not often survive the fifth day from the first exhibition of the symptoms. In the last stage of the disease his appearance is altogether much altered ; his eyes are sunk—his tongue is black and dry—he makes horrid howlings—and seems much dis turbed. The concluding scene, it is said, is dreadful to witness. Although the animals, at the height of their disorder, usually refuse both food and drink, yet we are assured that they do not show any abhorrence or dread of water, but will sometimes lap it eagerly to the last. This, however, is very remarkable, that although they lap the water for a long time together with great avidity, and seem not to experience any uneasi ness from it, yet they do not swallow a single drop ; and however long they continue lapping it, no diminution in quantity can be perceived. —Bingley's Animal Biography. On Tuesday last a melancholy occurrence took place at the soap-manufactory of Messrs. Crossfield and Fell, in Warrington. One of the boilers was charged for the purpose of making soap, and when it boiled, as was usual, some vitriol was poured in to bleach the soap, which caused it to generate nitrogen gas. The stuff' boiled' furiously, and three of the workmen were engaged in stirring the liquid, to prevent it boiling over, when the smell emitted became so strong that the men fell down, and before assis. tance could be rendered, the soap boiled over the sides upon them. One was dead before he could be got away, and a second lingered till ten o'clock when he also expired ; the third escaped with a slight scalding on the Tyne Mercury. POLIO* INTELLIGENCIL MANSION-HOUSE.—Yesterday several persona, in habitants of the parish of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate, were summoned befere the LORD MAYOR for having refused to pay the " Church rate" demanded by the authorities in that parish. It appears that formerly the pariah used to remunerate the Rector for his religious labour with 600/. or 700/. a year, and that in order to oblige every body to contribute more effectually to his comforts, the consent of the parish to a Bill in Parliament was obtained. The Bill, which passed into a law, and is the 6th of Geo. IV., makes a provision of very considerable magnitude indeed for the Bishop of Chester, the rector; and several of the inhabi tants openly express their disapprobation of the manner in which the money raised by vii tee of this Bill is disposed of. It states that the churchwardens, or others of the parish, shall make an assessment upon all inhabitants and occu piers of lands, tenements, hereditaments, and premises in the parish, except the rector for the time being, for raising from time to time the sum of 2,500/., and such further sums of money as shall he necessary for the keeping in re pair the church and church-yard, and the payment of all necessary and proper salaries and disbursements, &c. &c. The Bill also provides, that in case the sums of money as sessed and paid now shall not be sufficient fur the purposes intended, it shall be lawful for the churchwardens in a public meeting to make such additional assessment, as will make up the deficiency of the original assessment, or add the amount of such deficiency to the amount to be raised by the next succeeding assessment. One of the inhabitants, upon being complained against by the vestry-clerk, for having refused to pay V. Ss. church-rates, as established by act of Parliament, requested to be allowed to state his objection. He stated that the rate had been raised, within a few years, from 6001. or 7001. to the enormous sum of 4,0001. per annum—an event to be attributed to the interference of Lord Liverpool, whose partiality saddled the parish with the new rector, who, under pretence of raising the tithes, obtained the consent of the parish to the act which now compelled obedience. The LORD MAYOR here interrupted the defendant, stating that he could not listen to any attacks of this nature. The defendant said that he wished to show cause why he refused to pay. He then stated, as an objection, that the notices required by the act of Parliament had not been complied with. The vestry-clerk deposed, that all required by the act had been done. Some other objections as to form were then mentioned, but the vestry-clerk iaid that every thing had been com plied with to the letter. The complainant represented to his Lordship that he had another objection,—an objection founded upon the mismanagement of the rate. Ae did not see how a rate levied, as the act stated, to keep in repair the church and churchyard, could be properly applied to the pur chase of a house in a square for the rector, and improve., inents therein ; and yet such application had been made of the money assessed. The LORD MAYOR observed, that he had no jurisdiction in a case of misapplication of parish money : a complaint to that effect must be made elsewhere. The complainant said that the act had been violat ed in other respects. The surplus of the assessments were not disposed of according to the provisions. It had been paid to the poor, instead of being used to lighten suc ceeding assessments. He contended that he was under all those circumstances, justified in refusing to pay the rate. The Loan MaYoc said, that he saw nothing in the ob jections, and decided that the defendant must pay the rat.' The defendant said that he should appeal against the de cision, and that he should apply for a mandamus to the King's Bench, to prevent the authorities from misapplying the money raised by the rate. None of the other defendants appeared, and orders were issued against them for the several sums. MARLBOROUGH-STREET.—Yesterday, a decent looking youth, about 16 years of age, named John Dudley, was brought before F. A. ROE, Esq., the sitting Magi strate, charged with stealing a silver-spoon from the house of Mr. Wharton, a gentleman residing in Grafton-street, Bond-street. It appeared by the evidence, that the pri- soner was sent by his master, a house-painter, to do some work at the residence of Mr. Wharton, in the absence of the family from town, the house being in the care of a female servant ; and while doing this work, the prisoner took an opportunity of stealing a silver spoon, which he carried to the shop of one Mr. Lazarus, in Bloomsbury, where he offered it for sale, and Mr. Lazarus at once told him that he was quite sure that the spoon was stolen, and should therefore keep it until the real owner came for it, but never said anything about keeping the prisoner also, I but cent' bum away to bring the owner. The spoon, however, being missed by Mr. Wharton's servant, suspicion fell upon the prisoner, and he was charg ed with the theft, which he at once acknowledged, and told when he had left the spoon with Mr. Lazarus, but that he had got nothing for it. Mr. Lazarus now produced the spoon, which the servant identified as Mr. Wharton's property, and the prisoner was fully committed for trial. The Magistrate ordered all the witnesses who were bound over to give evidence at the trial, to have certificates for their expences given to them, except Lazarus, whose con duct in not detaining the prisoner, although he detained the spoon, was most reprehensible. Lazarus said he had acted altogether through ignorance in not detaining the boy. Mr. ROE said he hoped it was ignorance, but it looked very suspicious. UNION-HALL.--The Magistrates of this office having had repeated complaints of the nightly scenes of riot and disorder constantly going forward in houses of the worst kind in the neighbourhood of Kent-street, Southwark, granted their warrant for a privy search, which was put into execution on Wednesday night ; and yesterday morn ing about 60 individuals, male and female, the greater number thieves and prostitutes, were brought before the presiding Magistrates, M. SWABEY, J. T. HONE, and D. KING, &qrs., for the purpose of examination. The pri sonern, it appeared, were all apprehended in brothels and low lodging-houses, the receptacles for the most profligate and abandoned of both sexes who resort to that part of the town. The cfficers who performed the duty described the scenes in some of the lodging-houses as of the most revolting na ture. Most of them being very small houses, notwith standing some of the rooms contained upwards of 16 or 17 persons, male and female, who were all huddled together without any distinction, the chief part of them lying naked on the floors, with scarcely any covering over them. Those of the prisoners who were identified as having been pre viously convicted as reputed thieves, were held to bail to appear at the next sessions, and the remainder were dis charged, after having been admonished to keep away from the abominable houses in which they were found. The chief constable stated, that on the previous night, in the course of the search, as he was in the act of entering the door of a'brothel kept by Elizabeth Lee, in Kent -street, he met a labouring man just coming out, who said he had been robbed of a silk handkerchief and some silver : the moment be was in bed, a fellow bounced into the room, and having accused him of being (in bed with his wife, swore that he would throw him out of the window if he did not leave the place ; the labourer was glad to run down as fast as he could, half-dressed, after his pockets had been picked of all they contained. In this instance the woman and her bully were apprehended, but it app ear i ng t h at th e prosecutor was rather inebriated at the time, the Ma g istrate hesitated sending the case before a Jury, b u t t oo k special care to commit the bully to gaol in default of procuring bail for his appearance at the Sessions. To show the infamy of the brothel-keepers, Maisey pro duced a letter addressed to the woman above-named, which he found in her pocket. It was from another brothel keeper of Bristol, desiring that half a dozen young, clean, and healthy girls might be sent down as speedily as pos sibie. It described th e d ress each was to have purc h ase d for her, and conclud e d b y express i ng t h a t there was plenty of business in their way now in Bristol, and that the writer would soon have occasion for a fresh lot again from the London market. The infamous woman being in custody, the Magistrate having severely rebuked her horrible way of life, held her to bail for keeping a common brothel. Mr. Owen, of Lanark, went over from Brighton to Maresfield last week, for the purpose of having an interview with Mr. Peel.—Brighton Paper. and fell A BERDEE N, SEPT. s.—On Saturday last employed as fi reman i n one o f u; this nei g hb our h oo d, me t his theJo b n quarries death in the most shocking manner. He had just put the lighted match to a piece of when,rrocs:, in a moment, and b e f ore h e cou ld h ave time turn his fa ce f rom i t , i t ex pl o d e d ; and to o a splinter striking hi m on th e f ore h e ad, lite rallycleft his skull in two . A t t h e same in stant,his body was t h rown to a cons id era bl e dis tance, among the stones, mangled and motionless. He has left a widow and five help; less children, one of them a mere infant. A MARTYR. Sir William Askew, of Kelsey, in Lin colnshire, bad several daughters. His second, named Anne, had received a genteel educa tion, which, with an agreeable figure and goOd understanding, rendered her a very proper person to be at the head of a family. Her father regardless of his daughter's inclination and happiness, obliged her to marry a gentleman who had nothing to commend him but his fortune, and who was a most bigoted Papist. No sooner was he convinced of his wife's regard for the doctrines of the " Reformation" from Popery, than by the instigation of the Priests, he vie, lently drove her from his house, though she bad borne him two children, anti her conduct was unexceptionable. Abandoned by her husband, she came up to London, in order to procure a divorce, and to make herself known to that part of the Court who either professed, or were fa_- vourers of, Protestantism. But as Henry VIII., with consent of Parliament, had just enacted the law of the Six Articles, commonly called the Bloody Statute, she was cruelly betrayed by her own husband,..end•upon his information, taken into custody, and examined concerning her faith. The Act abovementioned, denounced de a th ' against all those who should deny the doctrine of Transubstantiation, or that the bread and wine. made use of in the sacrament, were not convert ' zel after consecration into the body and blood of Christ ; or, maintain the necessity of receiving the Sacrament in both kinds ; or affirm that it was lawful for Priests to marry ; that the vtve; of celibacy might be broken ; that private Masse . 4 were of no avail; and that auricular Confession, to a Priest was not necessary to salvation. Upon these articles she was examined by the Inquisi tor, a Priest, the Lord Mayor of London, and the Bishop's Chancellor ; and to all their queries gave proper and pertinent answers ; but not being such as they approved, she was sent back to prison, where she remained eleven days to ruminate alone on her alarming situation, and was denied the small consolation of a friendle visit. The King's Council being at Greenwich, she was once more examined by Chancellor Wriothesley, Gardiner Bishop of Winchester, Dr. Cox and Dr. Robinson ; but not being able to convince her of her supposed errors, she was sent to the Tower.—lVlr. Strype, from an au thentic paper, gives the following short account. of her examination, which may not, perhaps, be uninteresting or useless to the present advocates for Catholic Emancipation :—" Sir Martin Bowes (Lord Mayor), sitting with the Cduzicil, as most meet for his wisdom, and seeing her stand upon life and death--' I pray you,' quoth my Lords, give me leave to talk to this woman! Leave was granted. Lord Mayor—' Thou foolish woman, gayest thou that the Priest cannot make the holy body of Christ ?' Anne Askew—' I say so, my Lord ; for have read that God made man ; but 'that me , 2- made God I never read; nor, I suppose. evet:,, shall read it.' • -41 Lord Mayor—' No ! Thou foolish woman, after the words of Consecration, is it not tbsA,' Lord's body ?' Anne Askew—' lro, it is but consecrated s. bread, or sacramental bread.' Lord Mayor— , What if a mouse eat it after consecration ; what shall become of this mouse- - What What sayst thou, thou foolish. woman ?' Anne Askew -;.—= What shall beet : of her say you, my Lord Lord May or— tl)?.t, th e m ouse damned.' Anne Askew—' Alack, poor mouse.' " Perceiving that some could not keep in then laughing, the Council proceeded to the butchery and slaughter that they intended, before they came there. It was strongly suspected that Mrs. Anne Askew was favoured by some ladies of high rank ; and that she carried on a religious correspondence with the Queen. So that the Chancellor Wriothesley, hoping that he might discover something that would afford matter of impeachment against that Princess, the Earl of Hertfigd, or his Countess, who all favoured Re formation, ordered her to be - r v!t to the rack ; but her fortitude in suffering, and her resolution not to betray her friends, was proof against that diabolical invention. Not a groan, not a word could be extorted from her. The Chancellor, provoked by what he called her obstinacy, au; - mented her torture s w ith hi s own h an d s , and with unheard of violence ; but her courage and constancy were invincible, and these barbarians gained nothing by their cruelties but everlasting disgrace and infamy. As soon as she was taken from the rack she fainted away ; but being re covered, she was cond emne d to t h e fl ames. Her bones were dislocat e d i n suc h a manner, that they were forced to ca rr y h er i n a c h a i r to t h e p l ace o f t ‘ h v e as L a o t rd th c e h s a t n ak ce e l , lo le r, tt o er i s , broughtexecution. While her from 81 fering her the King's pardon if she would recant. But she refused to look at them, telling the mes senger, that " she came not thither to deny her Lord and Maker." The same letters were also tendered to three other persons condemned to the same fate ; and who, animated by her example, refused to accept them. Whereupon the Lord Mayor commanded the fire to be kindled, and with savage ignorance cried out, "fiat juditia" (let justice be done.) The faggots being lighted, she commended her soul, with the utmost com posure, into the hands of her Maker, andlike the great Founder of the religion she professed, expired praying for her murderers, July 16, 1546. She died when very young. BIRTHS. On the 12th inst., at Hampstead-heath, the lady of James Heygate, jun., Esq., of a daughter. On the 28th ult., at St. Petersburgh, Mrs. Westly, of a daughter. MARRIED. On the 13th inst., at St. Mary Magdalen's, Bermond sey, by the Rev. Mr. Evans, William Moss, Esq., Eton, to Mary Anna, daughter of Matthew Boyd, Esq. Bermondsey. DIED. On the Sd inst., at Wykeliam, Hants, George 3lackon• ochie, Esq., Lieut.-Colonel Commandant of the Hoe• East India Company's sth Regiment of Native Infantry' in his 48th year. On the 9th inst., at Manchester, in the 76th year of . his age, Mr. Charles Wheeler, the original proprietor of the .Manchester Chronicle. At Saltash, Cornwall, Catherine,, the relict of the late Wm. Nicholson, Esq., of Charlotte-street, Bloomsbury. On the 13th inst., at his house in Ludgate-street , Joseph Mawman, Esq., in his 64th year. On the 11 th inst., suddenly, at Leamington, Al i° Nevill, of Goldsmith-street, London. On the 6th inst., at Shrewsbury, Mrs. Aylett, reli ct Of the late Charles Martin Aylett, Esq., of the same 1 11 .. , ke ' e. On the 10th inst., at Isell Hall, Cumberland,,;yerar tedious illness, Thomas Wybergh, Esq., in the of his age. e r, Den- On the 2d inst., Mr. George Medhurst, engin e mark-street, Soho. quare, Mr. On the Sth inst., at his house in Connaugb° Dagley, in his 68th year. -- PAINTED and PUBLISHED by M. i ioUNG, at the S No, 112 1 S"n4l. 1 V ENGL That on Tilt the For also be the Cht V necessit his Go) mission pared t due the most Co delay hi they m: and upo its ered. London A' CORN: Foster Thornen John K Francis Capt. G KIEDIeJ The blued OW:Omer or dela) ♦G$, 21 4 Sc The scmablet OFFIC. Active day the PRE to appeE PER Form, rates, ii nerality Prosj Compar T" " Th a rare a " W 4 amusinf and rea book."- Prin STRIC Just pu p R-- ter-ro Deserib sine, an Cary, a' Cases. of %tic Menaba Where 1 The tion, cese, ca the usu contain in one I row, LI N. I closed, street. A' Eemiue Pains, subject Q eses, t and so the one the oth state of in Imi while I 4ervot of this which ful pra adopter evils rs By C. Prir Land, I\ Patern Walker Marsh, Brook, in tow " A of the Syphil of the uttenti happo subject views warnii and w Writtei Literal 4:;ous i ma longir the R Corn: steno or it llast )34 soil