The Sun. — London, England, 1861-05-01 00:00:00

TIIE NAVY. Yesterday the 'War Department transports Marlborough and Bomarsund left Chatham for Sheerness, to receive the shot, shell, powder, and guns from the line-of-battle ship Ganges, 84. The powder and shell will be deposited in the magazine at Upnor Castle, and the shot and guns landed at Chatham. The Escort and Raven gunboats, at the Haslar Gunboat-yard, are ordered to be placed in the first class steam reserve, replacing the Snapper and Brazen. The Amelia gunboat was launched from the slipway yesterday. The Icarus, 11, screw, Commander N. Salmon, V.C., bent sails yesterday, on the completion of her refit, prior to swinging for the adjustment of her compasses and proceeding out of the harbour to Spithead. The Mersey, 40, screw, Capt. H. Caldwell, C. 8., has her rigging rattlined and blacked down, and is nearly ready for bending sails. The Duncan, 101, screw, was admitted into the steam basin at Portsmouth yesterday, but, as had been anticipated, she could not be placed in dock, owing to the want of water on the invert at the dock entrance. The Chanticleer, 17, screw, was placed in sock at Portsmouth yesterday, to take off her launchi n g gear, fit valves, and receive her copper. The Royal screw yacht Fairy was Wan i n to the steam basin at Portsmouth yesteraaf, t o have her repairs carried out by the steam factory. The Marlborough, 131, ,crew, Capt. W. H. Stewart, C. 8., fitting out in the steam basin at Portsmouth, has her new wire lower rigging over her mastheads and temporarily turned in, and tops on. It is reported that this ship will be placed in dock on the rt.th inst., but it is exceedingly doubt• ful whether the dock (No. 7) will be sufficiently advanced to receive her by that time. It may, how ever, be decided to place her in the new No. 10 dock, a continuation of No. 7. - - The Jasper, 1, screw gunboat, Lieut.-Comman der Pym, dismantling in the old fitting basin a' Portsmouth, is expected to pay off on Friday or Saturday. • She was commissioned by Lieut. Pym on the 28th of July, 1857, and has been exceedingly healthy during her service since that time on the North America and West India station, having lost only two of her crew—one dying from old age, and the other being accidentally drowned. She has taken one prize, a Spanish ship-rigged vessel, on the 22d of March off Havannah, without name, papers, or slaves, but with 2,260 doubloons on board for the purchase of the latter commodity. At the moment of making the capture her Majesty's steamer Styx hove in sight, and of course became entitled to share, cutting down the Jasper's prize money considerably. The wind at Portsmouth yesterday had gone round to S.W., but up to 7 p.m. none of the other transports had made their appearance from China, although, from their close proximity, they were momentarily expected. The steam floating battery Thunderbolt, 16, 200 horse-power, having completed the shipment of her shot, stores, cables, &c., got up steam in Chatham harbour yesterday morning, and shortly afterwards steamed down the river, attended by the paddle wheel steamer Adder, tender to the Wellesley, 72, and the paddlewheel steamer Otter, 3. The Thun derbolt was expected to bring up at the Nore last evening, and this morning will proceed up the Thames to take up her position at Shornmeade, a few miles below Gravesend, where moorings have been laid down for her. The Thunderbolt is armed with 16 10-inch guns, each of 95 cwt., and the same armament has been supplied to the -steam floating battery 'Etna, 16, 200 horse-power, sta tioned on the opposite side of the river. The screw steam 'frigate Emerald, 51, Capt. A. Cumming, flag of Rear-Admiral F. Warren, from Spithead, arrived in Plymouth Sound yesterday morning, at seven o'clock. A vessel with coal was sent alongside immediately, and steam tugs to receive supernumerary seamen and marines brought home from China by the Inflexible. The Emerald was supplied with a draught of boys from the Royal Adelaide, and a number of artisans from Keyham steamyard joined her for passage to South America. The customary salutes were exchanged with Port Admiral Sir Houston Stewart, who received Ad miral Warren at Mount Wise during the forenoon. The merchant schooner Sir Thomas Mansell, Capt. De Garis, from Corunna, with cattle, which arrived at Plymouth on Monday, reports a very narrow escape from being run down by a ship of war in the channel, when half-way between Lizard and Start Point, on Sunday morning at two o'clock. The schooner, which lost her foretopmast in the Bay of Biscay, was under fore and aft canvass only, on the starboard tack, going about 2 knots; wind E.N.E., light. The stranger, a line-of-battle ship, and supposed from her exhibiting a light at the mizentop head to be the Donegal, 101, Capt. Henry Broadhead, was under all plain sail, except royals ; squaresail hauled up, topsails reefed on the port tack. It was her place, being on that tack, to have ported her helm, which Capt. De Garis called on her to do, but without effect. He then starboarded his own helm, by which time his position appears to have been descried on board the stranger, fore starboarded her helm and luffed up in the wind, and by this means a collision was barely avoided. She was followed by four ships of about the same size, and supposed to be the Centurion, the Con queror, the Abouker, and the Hero. The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty :—J. C. Weeks, second-class assistant-engineer, to the Cumberland, for charge of the Fly ; Julian Taplin, second-class assistant engineer, to the Cornwallis, for charge of the Griper; J. Nihilt, M.D., surgeon, to the Hastings ; C. J. Bigley, second mas t er , t o the Cumberland, for the Griffin ; and H. - Knight, assistant Tay master, to the Trafalgar. VITAL STATISTICS OF 1860. —The Registrar - General for England has issued his annual tables of the number of births, deaths, and marriages in 1860. The number of births and deaths had been already stated in the last quarterly report, but the number of marriages (170,305) had not then been ascertained. It is larger than in apy previous year ; the nearest approach to it was in 1859, when the number was 167,723. The births in 1860 (683,440) were fewer by 6,441 than in 1859, but that is the only year in which they were exceeded; the deaths :(422,472) were happily less by 18,777 than in 1859, and less also than in 1858, 1855, or 1854. Allowing for the estimated increase of population, the births in 1860 were slightly above the average rate of the preceding 10 years, the marriages vier° more above it, and the deaths were still more below it—all move menta in the right direction. As usual the first half of the year saw the greatest number of births, about 10 per cent. more than the last half, and the deaths in the first moiety were greater than in the last by the large ratio of 23 per cent. The last quarter was, as usual, the marrying season; there were 50,702 marriages, and only 35,198 in the first quarter. Lincolnshire is always a notable exception to this last rule ; there the spring quarter is the chief time for marriage. The terminatio n of the ordinary periods of ser vice has, doubtless, much influence in this matter. [AnvEnTisEMENT.I—The following are not the least re markable among the numerous extraordinary cures with out medicine effected by Du Barry's delicious Health Re storing Revalenta Arabica Food. Cure No. 47,121.—Mi5s Eliztl2.eth Jacobs of Hazing Vicarage, Waltham-cross, Herta : a Cure of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gather ings, l ow Elizabeth 'Yelll.---ta' and nervous fancies. Cure 48,3 14 . Miss yearq dy s p e iZials Gateacre, near Liverpool ; a cure of 10 12 Cure 18,216. 4, 1 6 4 the horrors of nervous irritability. nervous irritabilit. Ure, of constipation, and debility. Cure ag7 2 * ,, 34 „ ,210. Dr. Shorlan , dyspepsia, d r op s y fits. Cure 46,814. /yi;' ei.4)tain Allan of epileptic of two years diarrhoea. I,,tattel Laxton, Leicester, ginia Zeguers, cured at Samuel 6 4,812. Miss Vir medical adviser had abandon e Trttlen, after her Avoid Pills and Medicines : they tir mvi tßea of recovery. perpetuate diseases ; their annoyali e rVi_gtravate and and expense may be avoided by usin g b t ,77,l'l 36 hatment, which, at a few pence p er day, saves 50 u m : 11 Y, Food other remedies, removing effectuallyn,ervwkottocip7alintl constipation, indigestion (dyspepsia) liver complaints and all their consequences. c: r ui t zLi No. 36,418. We find it the safest remedy. Andrew Use MD., F.R.S. Dr Harvey, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Sh or l and, Campell. Let invalids avoid the fearful dangers of spu. riot's and injurious imitations offered under a variety of false pretences. Nevill's imitations are prohibited by the high Court of Chancery under a penalty of £5,000 against Alfred Hooper Nevill and his agents ; and the pretences that Nevill has a patent for Arabica Food and that Du Barry's are connected with such patent are utterly fake. No canister is genuine without the name Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, in full, ontheseal and wrapper. Shopkeepers who attempt imposition in one article must expect to be distrusted in all others. Packed in tins Ilb. 2s. 9d.; 21b. 4s. 6d. ; 51b. lls.; 121 b. 225.; 241 b. 40s. The 121 b. and 241 b. canisters are sent carriage free on receipt of Post-office order by Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Re gent-street, London; Fortnum Mason, and Co.; Abbit, 60, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63 and 150, Ox bard-street ; 330 and 451, Strand; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate street ; Batty, 16, Finsbury Pavement ; Phillips and Co. tea-dealers; Petty, Wood, and Co., King Williara-street City; at 127 High Holborn; au4 all grooms TILE IVAR IN NEW ZEALAND. WAR-OFFICE, ArRIL_29 A despatch and its inclosures, of which the following are copies, have been received at the War-Office from Major General Pratt, C.B. ; Head-quarters, Camp Waitara, New Zealand, 23d January, 1861. Sir,—ln continuation of my despatch of the 19th inst., I have the honour to state, for the information of his Royal Highness the General Commanding-in-Chief, that since that date, the 19th, 20th, and 21st instant, have been em ployed in increasing and completing No. 3 Redoubt, and commencing a double sap in a direct line towards the enemy's position in the bush, and on the morn i n g of the 22d I proceeded, with the Head-quarters o f the 40th Regi ment, to the new redoubt, in order to its occu p ation, with numbers amounting to 290 rank toa file. A little before daylight tble morning (23rd instant) heavy firing heard from the front ; a report soon reached me that No. 3 Redoubt ht ,d been attacked by the enemy in great force, and that they had been repulsed with severe loss. I reached the advance with an addition of 120 men, and found that th e enemy had made a most daring attack on the advanced redoubt, which had been met in the most determined i n al l ne r and a long line of dead and dying Maoriej, la y on the ground ; whilst there is little doubt at least double the number of the enemy have crept away en ded, to die. W I enclose Lieutenant-Colonel Leslie's very clear account of the affair, and I coincide with that officer most cordially in his opinion of the gallantry of the troops and their officers. The two companies of the 65th Regiment under Captain M'Gregor, were most effective in driving the enemy out of the ditch of the front face ; whilst the company of the 12th Regiment, under Captain Miller (until wounded), after wards under Lieutenant Lowry, assisted in driving the enemy from the ditch in the left face, and then charged them with the bayonet through the high fern. I regret ex ' ceedingly the death of that gallant young officer Lieut. Jackson, of the 40th Regiment, who fell in the zealous i performance of his duty, and am happy to find that the wound of Captain Miller, 12th Regiment, is not severe; I beg to bring to his Royal Highness's notice the officers named by myself, and also Lieut.-Colonel Leslie, together with the officers named in this report, and to add that in this as well as on all other occasions in which the troops have been employed here, officers and men vie with each other who will do their duty most efficiently. I enclose a nominal roturn of our casualties, which are not many considering the desperate character of the attack. I also enclose a roll of the Maories, who up to this hour have been recognised, and with regard to them I have pur sued the same course as at Mahoetahi ; that is, have brought in the chiefs (noted in the margin)* for interment in New Plymouth ; the inferior chiefs and followers have been buried on the ground, and the wounded natives brought into this camp for treatment in hospital, but it is known that many chiefs of high rank were killed and buried on the ground as minor chiefs. I trust that the severe losses this manly and high spirited race are so continually receiving will teach them how unavailing are the efforts against her Majesty's supre macy, and will lead soon to a termination of this unhappy internecine war.—l have, &c., G. S. PRATT, Major •General Commanding To the Military Secretary, Horse Guards, London. *Poara To Uata and Wirimu Hoeta Kumete. No. 3 Redoubt in front of Huirangi Jan. 23, 1861. Sir, —I have the honour to report for the information of the Major-General Commanding, that a most determined attack was made by the enemy on No. 3 .Redoubt this morning, which, after about one and a-half hours' hard fighting, was gallantly repulsed by the troops under my command, supported by a detachment sent to my assistance by Colonel Wyatt, Gsth Regiment, commanding No. 1 Redoubt. The attack commenced at half-past three o'clock, a.m. A storming party of the enemy having crept up through the fern, and effected a lodgment in the ditch of the left face of the redoubt, and having a strong support about 100 yards in their rear, as well as a line of skirmishers on all flanks of the redoubt. The plan of the enemy a ppeared to be to keep d own the fire of our men onthe parapets by their supports and by their line of skirmishers, while the storming party scaled the left face of the redoubt. The force under my command was under arms previous to the attack, and quickly replied to the fire of the enemy, who, in the most determined and desperate manner, rushed up the sides of the parapet, and, in some instances, seized hold of the men's bayonets, while others crept round to the rear of the redoubt and fired through the gabions which had been placed to fill up the entrances to the work, and one of the Royal Engineers was in this manner killed while coming out of his tent. A perfect storm of bullets was poured on us from all sides for a considerable time, and I deemed it advisable to call for assistance from Col. Wyatt, 65th Regiment, commanding No. 1 Redoubt, for the purpose of dislodging the enemy _ _ from our Glitch as I had no hand-grenades. I accordingly directed the regimental call of the 65 Regiment to be soundest followed by the advance, which signal was promptly re sponded to by Col. Wyatt, who despatched two companies of the 65th Regiment, under Capt. Macgregor and Lieut. Urquhart, as well as one company of the 12th under Capt. Miller ; one company of the 65th crept round the front face of the redoubt and lined the sap at present being thrown out in advance of the redoubt, the other crept up the rear face, at the same time I directed Capt. Miller to charge the ditch where the enemy was lodged ; Capt. Miller was, I regret to say, wounded while carrying out my orders, but his company was led on by Lieut. Lowry, and it charged in a most gallant and effective manner, while the 65th, under Lieut. Urquhar on the front, and Capt. Macgregor on the rear face, advanced and fired on the enemy, who immediately retired on this combined attack. A heavy fire was then kept up on the re treating Maories by the 40th from the parapets, by the 24- pounder howitzer under Lieut. Macnaughten, Royal Artil lery, and by the 8-inch gun in charge of a detachment of the Royal Naval Brigade. The enemy completely routed, retired in great confusion, leaving their dead and wounded, together with arms and accoutrements, in our hands ; they were pursued for some distance by part of the 65th and 12th until they were re called by me to the redoubt. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of the 40th Regiment, and of the troops of all arms, who showed the greatest steadiness throughout the engagement, and who although the attack of the enemy commenced under cover of darkness, never tlewed the slightest symptom of confu sion, the officers equalling their men in gallantry and steadi ness ; and I would wish particularly to bring to the natice of the Major-General the assistance I received from Major Nelson, Captains Messenger and Richards, 40th Regiment, and would also desire to bring before him the names of Capt. MacGregor and Lieut. Urquhart, 65th Regiment, as well as that of Capt. Miller, 12th:Regt., and Capt. Mould, Royal Engineers, and Lieut. Macnaghten, Royal Artillery. Of the losses of the enemy I cannot form an exact es mate, but they must have been very heavy ; they left in our hands 34 killed, two mortally wounded, and four prisoners wounded. I beg to enclose casualty returns, and have to deplore the loss of Lieut. Jackson, 40th Regiment, who was mortally wounded, and died soon after the engagement ; he was an officer of very great promise, and on all occasions had evinced the greatest coolness, judgment, and gall antry.—l have, &c., (Signed) 'Airrnun LESLIE, Lt.-Col. 40th Regt•• Commanding the Troops in No. 3 Redoubt. The Deputy Adjutant-General, Head Quarters, Waitara. ADMIRALTY, APRIL 30. A despatch, dated at the Naval Camp, Waitara, Feb. 9, 1861, from which the following is an extract, has been re ceived from Commodore Seymour ; of her Majesty's ship Pelorus, the senior officer of her Majesty's ships on the Australian station On the following day the sap was carried past them, and a redoubt (No. 6) was commenced on the very edge of the bush on the left of the road leading up to the Te Are Pah from Hiurangi. We have since then been employed in cutting down the bush and making a road by which we can advance on Te Are unmolested from the forest on our right. No. 6 has been completed, armed with an 8-inch gun (Naval), and occupied by the head quarters of the 6fith Regiment under Col. Wyatt. During all these operations the Naval Brigade has taken its share of the work, and in consequence of an application to that effect having been made to me by the Major-General commanding, I have placed the services of Lieutenant Bat tiscombe, of her Majesty's ship Felon's, at his disposal, as an Assistant Engineer, the duties of which he performs in addition to those of senior Lieutenant in the Naval Brigade. There have been very few casualties on our side since those of the 23d ult., but I regret to say that one of our best seamen, John Fisher, captain of No. 1 gun in the advanced redoubt, was very severely wounded on the Bth inst., by a volley from a spot in the forest to our right, whence the enemy had fired ineffectually the previous clay. DEBT.—A return has just bven 31st of March last it consiste, 1 ot the funded debt, On the issuedTH E NonthAeTlmOoNtiAonL of Mr. L. Ricardo, stating the amou ut_ £118,300 21 per cents 4. ; per cents' ; of £ 2 981,033 2/ . £3,630, V79,26%542 3 per cents. , and -e-P3,60 3 5 per cents. a total 4 1 7 " R 1 4/ „%i per cents. ; `-' 709 31 per cents. ; of the financial year transferred for the 1,,,,,ut, --)670 340. In the course the debt had been ; stock being oafino_un—ta,.to6l,lB, on which the annual interest payable 4 E I ced £839,153, chiefly by The £17,855 stock transferred t o r redemption of land-tax). terminable annuities in c l a w ._ '''ene e (for lives or terms of years) are stated to amount to 1 ft. 4- '- 43 ,71 ( 4 but there are also the h e of annuities (but there was naval and military pension annuit' s , of £585,740 purchased by the Bank of England in 1823 the ata expiring in 1867 ' annuity of £116,000 created by the £1,060 (Crimean war) expiring in 1885,and tu --e Tontine annuities created in the reign of George 111., £46,266. The Great Indian Peninsula Railway' companY yesterday paid to the Government Treasury 427 1 000 n account of their capital. , , 0 000 loan of 1855 THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY ‘EVENINO, MAY 1, lB6l. THE BCDGET, _ (From the Time . %) The debate on the Budget, though . it has had but little liveliness, and hitherto but little point, has been very intelligible. Few cases of Parliamentary controversy have been more thoroughly compre hended out of doors than that on which the house is now engaged. By a natural artifice of rhetoric Mr. Bright and Mr. Gibson may ask what it is that is disliked in the Budget, or what more can possibly be desired, but they know as well as the rest of us where the hitch is. No doubt, we get the Paper Duty remitted for nothing, and we get a penny off the Income Tax to boot. Nobody suffers ; every body gains. All this may be true, but it is true only for the moment, and if at the next day of reckoning affairs should be altered, the cost will fall upon one side only. Mr. M. Gibson and his i friends stand to win only, while the rest stand to win or lose. The bargain appears the harder, too, when the terms are more closely examined. It is but too probable that we shall want all our re sources, and yet we are abolishing a source of taxation which is increasingly productive, and against which, when it comes to the point, less can be alleged than against any similar impost. All this the house feels ; but it cannot help feeling also thatits peculiar position in this matter materially , interferes with its freedom of action, and it is un easy accordingly. There is a great reluctance to destroy a source of indirect taxation which can only be replaced by an addition to direct taxation. This reluctance is strengthened by the belief that the proposed remission will really benefit only a com paratively narrow interest, and it is confirmed b y the reflection that if indirect taxes are to be thus abolished one after another the country will be compelled to defray an immoderate proportion of its ordinary expenditure from a single tax so ex ceptional and exceptionable as to have been hitherto reserved almost exclusively for the emergencies of war. In this predicament—pledged to a.measure which on a nearer view appears fraught with fewer advantages and many more perils than had been assumed at first, unwilling to take the step, and yet scarcely able to decline it, the house hesitated, and indulged i n s p eec h es which did not indeed point to ve r y definite objects, but which showed the misgiving and apprehensions generally entertained. Nothing could be more natural. There is no point on which Mr. Gladstone's pro positions are absolutely satisfactory. To make them so we ought to be able to assume either that our expenditure will certainly and speedily de crease, or that the remission of the Excise duty on Paper will be attended with such benefits to the whole community as to justify its reduction even in the face of peril, or that its place can be supplied in case of necessity by some other tax as produc tive and as inoppressive. Can any of these points be clearly established ? Of the political aspect of Europe we need hardly speak. It may not be so menac ing as Mr. Horsman supposes, but it would certainly have been thought formidable enough by a generation less familiarised than we have been to revolutions and wars. The utmost that is said, even by those least given to alarm, is that European war may now probably be postponed for a twelve month. Preparations, too, for war or against war are more costly than at any former period, and no nation is now safe without armaments of a kind unheard of but a few years back. But our warlike expenditure is not our only expenditure. The cost of our Civil Services is increasing incessantly and under every head. Government upon liberal and philanthropic principles costs money, and we are finding it out. Although, therefore, we may be con tent to believe, on Mr. Gladstone's authority, that we have a surplus at present, it is by no means cer tain that i t represents any such permanent superfluity of income as would suggest the utter destruction of a source from which a convenient portion of that income is derived. It would be perfectly allowable to relax the screw if it could be ti g htened again when necessary; but, though the p pmay be put on again to morrow,enwill be gone for ever. penny off t i the I d n u co ty m oefi Ta;er Mr. Bright utterly mistakes the nature of the case when he thinks that a set is made against the remission of the Paper Duty on grounds of special jealousy. There is no doubt that at first the press was taxed for political as well as fiscal purposes, just as there is no doubt that recently the " taxes on knowledge" were assailed with a double view also. But the fact is that we have now got beyond that ground of debate. Men look with misgiving on the proposed remission, not because they are angry with Mr. Gladstone, or because they are opposed to the enlightenment of the people, but because one after another of the indirect taxes has been abolished, till it seems as if direct is to be gene rally substituted for indirect taxation. Mr. Bright, in fact, has as good as told us that, if Budgets were but left to him to frame, he would remove tax after tax until Property and Income were left with the obligation of supporting the expenditure for which he is pleased to hold the propertied ilasaes alope accountable. This prospect people do not like ; and, as the present Budget actually goes a step towards realizing it, they do not like the Budget. This is .the whole secret of the matter, It is not " vindictiveness" or political jealousy. It is not that there is any special " affection for the Excise in the case of paper " beyond what was felt in the case of glass or soap. But the Excise on glass has gone, and the Excise on soap is gone, and if the Excise on paper is to go, and Excise duties are thus to continue going, what is to become of that class of taxpayers who have to make every reduction good again, when it is found, too late, that the money could not be spared ? The Paper Duty is neither better nor worse than the rest, but it is one of the last teeth in our h eads. That is why there is all this murmur about it. However, we repeat once again that there is no help for it. After what has taken place, we do not see how the Paper Duty is to be retained in the face of a surplus, however unsubstantial, and the fact of a surplus has been officially announced. It may be very true that cheaper paper will not h el l) the million to live, and that it will not even help them to read, for, if cheap newspapers were wanted, the people have got them already, and will get them no cheaper, It may be very true that the papermakers themselves are, as Mr. Bright mildly expressed it, " not enthusiastic for the repeal of the tax," and that the class immediately interested in the abolition of the duty is a small one, but we can only add that all this should have been thought of before. The time for such arguments was when the repeal of the tax was originally p ro p osed. With the light now thrown upon the subject, it is probable that even an " abstract resolution" against the continuance of the Paper Duty would fail to be carried ; but, for all that, the Paper Duty —whatever Mr. Disraeli may think—has been formally condemned by the House of Commons. No tax has ever yet passed through such condem nation and survived. This time last year it was thought as good as dead. People, indeed, do not think now as they thought when those decisions were taken, but Ow obligation has been assumed. Promises and payments are always rather different things, especially w hen the latter come on at a season of inconvenience and repentance, but one is apt to bring abbut the other. We promised, and we, however disagreeable it must be, must pay. Parliament marked out the Paper Dui; for extinc tion before it knew that we could spare it, and when it did not know what little ground there was for condemning it, but the resolution was taken. More now turns upon the point than the loss or gain of a thillion. Events give the question another aspect, and it is eminently desirable that it should now, with all its incidents, be set finally at rest. (From the Morning Post.) We give Mr. Disraeli every credit for the inge nuity with which he framed his argument on Mon day night, when he narrowed the question between himself and the Government to Tea v. Paper. He strove to conciliate all parties, and at a very low rate of political exchange undertook to sell each point of consistency for each vote not yet bought up in the Parliamentary market. He was in this di lemma, that without the support of the Radicals ho could not hope to outvote the Administration ; and yet, in opposing the repeal of the paper duty, he was ensuring their hostility to his own cause. Ac cordingly, Mr. Disraeli rather adroitly inveighed against what he termed " the profligate expendi ture" of the Government. Was there not thus a hope that a few of the greener and more innocent Radi cals might see in the chance of his advent to power the prospect of a great retrenchment ? We fear, however, that this artifice will deceive few. If the expenditure of the present Government, falling as it does two millions within its presumed income, be profligate, what is to bn said of the expenditure of Mr. Disraeli's and Lord Derby's own Government, whose great merit was said by its defenders to rest in the fact that they overspent their income in the naval and military establishments which Mr. Dis raeli now desires to reduce ? At any rate, that third Derby-Disraeli Administration, which however is xt present in nubibus, can have no cry of " Pak in 'gton and the reconstruction of the Navy" to sup poi t it, We sincerely , sympathise with that right hon.. bennet at his being thus unceremoniously thrown over by his chief, and at the declaration of profligacy against an expenditure once so vaunted by . th,e Conservatives for its application to the def,lnc e of the country, and in fact Sir John Paki'voton's solitary political testimonial. But, suspicious of some inconsiste nc y in his p ow erhapt nw -gument, Mr. Disraeli adopts the bold rof denying the fact of a sur p lus. This h st e rok o e e s , -upon grounds purely technical. Tech nicall y there is „of course a hiatus. If the prop ert y and tax, 9 3 were not renewed, the exp enditure nod zp 4. w ould consider Ably exceed the inC 9MC. noo ?) u • But nobody ever looked upon the property or income tax as a determinating or expiring tax, simply be cause it was placed in 1860 on the principle of annual duration and renewal. Mr. Disraeli might as well say that those supplies which are granted annually by Act of Parliament, with the constitu tional view of limiting the prerogative of the Crown, were intended to expire, and the Crown to be left without the means of conducting the government of the country, simply because they were so granted. The property and income tax has never presented anything in this year but a question of amount ; and one proof of this is to be found in the fact that Mr. Disraeli does not attempt to disturb the amount proposed by the Government, any more than the principle of the tax. But the most glaring evidence of Mr. Disraeli's incapacity to estimate the growth of financial prin ciples in this country is to be found in the tenacity with which he clings to the obsolete notion that the property and income tax is a war tax. Surely a tax that has been maintained uninterruptedly through nineteen years of almost uninterrupted peace, and during every possible change in the principles and application of indirect taxation, is termed rather by a misnomer when it is designated as a war tax. Tory financiers always go back to the age of Pitt and Per ceval for their doctrines of taxation, and we fear that Mr. Mill and Mr. McCulloch have produced no more impression upon them in the interval than Adam Smith himself had made upon Mr. Perceval. It is not surprising that, in an age in which the genius of the country ran in favour of indirect taxation as the normal source of ways and means,' a property and income tax, temporarily raised during war, should, by the mere association of ideas, have been described as a war tax. And so it then essentially was; for in 1816 the House of Commons outvoted the Liverpool Administration, which had desired to continue the tax for a year, and insisted on its immediate abolition. But five and forty years make an impression on all men who really live to learn ' • and the five and forty years that have inter vened since the abolition of that tax have been marked by a general change in our principles of finance. We have taken off an infinite variety of imposts ; and although the consequent increase of the productive energy of the country has been such as vastly to increase the amounts obtained under a given ratio of taxation in stamps, taxes, and excise, yet this increase is not sufficient to dispense with a nincpenny income and property tax, as some set-off against a larger abatement of indirect taxation. In effect, Mr. Disraeli himself admits this, at the ex pense of self-contradiction. If the property tax at ninepence is a war tax, why not reduce this tax to eightpence instead of remitting indirect taxation to a corresponding amount P Mr. Disraeli objects to the remission of the paper tax, not because he wishes to reduce the property tax to eightpence, but because he desires to reduce the duty on tea and sugar instead. He thus admits, in spite of himself, that the property tax is not a war tax, otherwise he would prefer its reduction to that of a tax on tea, which at ls. sd. is certainly no war ax. But the party question, as we have said, is one of tea and paper. Now there are two leading sources of indirect taxation in every country. There are the imposts levied on its own productions, and there are the imposts levied on the goods which it im ports. Evenhanded justice should be done to both. But there can certainly be no question that for the last twenty years—that is, since the commercial legislation of 1842—we have done far more to re duce custom duties than to reduce duties on articles of our own production. On articles of the first necessity the duties have been abolished by the Acts of 1842 and of 1846. So lately as last year the duties on several hundred articles of import were abolished. These duties indeed were singly small, but they were collectively large. No such concession to the productive energy of the country was male. The balance of justice seems therefore largely on the side of an abolition of the paper duty, which may be effected at a loss A revenue which would confer no great reduction in the price of tea and sugar. We apprehend thet much of the hostility to the abolition of the payer duty entertained on the Con servative benches :akes the shape of political hos tility. • The Opposition are afraid of the penny papers. Mr. Disraeli indeed avers that the penny press is almost altogether Conservative. We cer tainly were not aware of it ; but if the fact be so, we fear that the penny press is not so respectful to its political chief as might have been anticipated. Mr. Disraeli avers, too, that Conservatism was never so popular as it is now ; but, if that assertion also be true, it may be demanded how it happens that there is commonly thought to be so little prospect of a Disraeli Administration? The explanation, perhaps, is, that the country is conservative enough of its true interests to desire itself to be governed by those statesmen in whom the most confidence is to be placed. Mr. Disraeli may put the question to the House ; but -vie apprehend that both the House and the country will deem it right to remit taxes on knowledge - now, and to await another year for a reduction of those on tea and sugar. THE AMERICAN STAIES. A writer in a =temporary says :—As an Ameri can, I earnestly feel, in common with many of my fellow-countrymen in Europe, how important it is at this critical stage of affairs in America that there should be a just Inderstanding here of the relation which the United States Government bears toward the seceding States, and of the policy of Mr. Lincoln since his inauguration. Your leader of last Satur day discusses this question in a generous, apprecia tive, and kindly sprit, and the English pre ss , with few exceptions, it this hour of our troubl e has treated us with r brotherly consideration which will not be forgotten; yet there is an evident mis understanding of tie question at issue between the North and the South. It is a fact which is sustained take by the record, eat since the formation o f th e Constitution of the United States, legislation has been in favour of tie institution of slavery ra th er than against it, Ind although the election of Mr. Lincoln was the success of an anti-slavery ne no s e e r n a - 1 tim sen timent, r , yett their of neither platformtlie principlesof the any Republi can y nor more ultra position than that of non-extension. The Secessionists klyvv this very well, and i n th e i r n sp e e ve ci D a l e e c h ] a ar a g f e io a n ga o i n f o ep N e o n r d t e h n , c b e ut t da h e ey l imk en g and ambiguous phrases. To the overtures of con ciliation offered by the Border Slave States, they contemptuously repy " We will not come back into the Union on ary terms. We hate the North, and will have nothing to do with them," and it is from this response you may be sure that the coun try has been saved the shame of another compromise. In reply to this statement I am asked "Why not let them go ? Carry out your doctrine of popular sovereignty ; get rid)f the incubus." I answer we should rejoice to be fee from the curse of slavery, but among a multiplicity of objections to a recogni tion of the Secession movement is, first, there is a large Union party at the South which is overawed, and which it would be unmanly to desert. Again, we have acquired Tens, Louisiana, and Florida by the expenditure of mony millions of money. If one of the pet schemes o! the South had been accom plished, we might have paid £25,000,000 for Cuba, and she would have voted herself out in the same way with the funds of the Federal Government. That Government, again, has expended many mil lions more in the erection of costly fortifications within their borders. The objection of their in debtedness might be removed if they were in a con dition to pay, but with a year's debt in advance for the whole cotton crop, and a revenue insufficient to pay one,dollar in five ot'their expenses, they are not likely to meet any obligations of that sort ; and, lastly, the passage of a free-trade tariff law by the Montgomery Convention, although it was merely a tub thrown out with which to catch the European whale of trade, rendered the enforcement of the revenue laws an absolute necessity. These and many other considerations have dictated the policy of Mr. Lincoln, which was clearly and consistently set forth in his reply to the resolution of the Vir ginia Convention. He says,—" Not having seen any occasion to change, it is now my purpose to pursue the course marked out in the inaugural Address." He then proceeds to define clearly what that course is, viz., the retention of the property of the Government, and the enforcement of the revenue laws. I speak from personal knowledge of Mr. Lincoln and members of his Cabinet in saying that, from the moment of taking office, they have carefully avoided any action whieh might inflame the mania of Secession,.or defeat the efforts of the large Union party at the South, which party, with Sam Hous ton at its head, will yet make itself heard, although just now silenced by these significant arguments of their opponents, the bo -knife and revolver. When the new Administration came into power they found the whole machinery of Government paralysed and rotten to the core. The officials, with some hon ourable exceptions, from the traitor Floyd to the meanest subordinate, in anticipation of a dissolution, had been playing into the hands of the rebels. Large quantities of war materiel were concentrated in the Southern cities ; the army and navy, chiefly officered by Southerners, were distributed in foreign countries or in unavailable places ; the Treasury was bankrupt, and panic was king at the fireside, in the countinghouse, and workshop. In the history of government did any man ever undertake a task mere difficult than that of Mr. Lincoln ? No impartial judgment can deny that he has acted wisely, discreetly, and energetically. If his inaction up to the present moment be deemed tardy or vacillating, it is sufficient to reply that two months is a very short time in which to restor e order to this chaos, and that the President has waited for some overt act of hostility, such as the reduction of Fort Sumter. And you may be sure that he has the nerve and determination to sustain the law, even to the bitter end. In closing, permit me to say one word of the Morrill Tariff, which justly Incas with so much opposition in Europe. It is very nearly as unpopular in America to-day, and will most certainly be repealed or essentially modified by the Congress which Mr. Lincoln has recently convened. ROYAL COMMISSION ON THE EX- 741E1Ni BAAKIILEN2' OF THE THiLIVES. Yesterday the Commissioners appointed to con sider and determine upon the best plans for the em bankment of the river Thames within the limits of the metropolis met at the offices of the commission in Victoria-street, Westminster, to receive evidence from the projectors as to the merits of the plans sent in, which number upwards of fifty. The Commis sioners present were—the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor (in the chair), Sir Joshua Jebb, G.C.8., Captain Galton, Captain Burstal, John Thwaites, Esq., A. Hunt, Esq., and J. A. Maclean, Esq. _ _ The first plan brought under the notice of the Commissioners was one projected by the Thames Embankment and Railway Company. The plan was to construct an embankment from Westmin ster-bridge to Blackfriars-bridge, by a carriage road eighty feet in width, joining the intended extension of Canon-street to Bridge-street, Blackfriars, and joining the central station of the Chatham and Do ver Railway. This would place the connection with all the metropolitan railways at the central stations in Farringdon-street and Finsbury-circus. There would be forty or fifty acres reclaimed for docks within the embankment, and the low-level sewer would be formed in the embankment, by which means all the expense and annoyance of construct ing the sewer in the Strand, Fleet-street. and Lud gate-hill would be avoided. The estimated expense would be £700,000, exclusive of compensation. It was proposed that the Metropolitan Board of Works should contribute £150,000, and it was believed that the coal dues would be found sufficient for the purpose of compensation, amounting to £250,000. Mr. Sheele's plan was the next one received. He proposed to form a face wall next the river, and to fill in the space included between the wall and the present shore. It would begin at Westminster bridge in a straight line with Whitehall-stairs, thence continue to the Temple-gardens and Black friars-bridge, touching Hungerford and Waterloo bridges. The space between the river wall would be filled up fbr the purpose of the embankment re claimed for the shores of the river to the low water . _ line. On the centre road, 80 feet in width, would be a railway terminating at the east side of Black friars-bridge. The cost of the embankment and face wall would be £194,757 ; low level sewer, £lB,OOO ; purchase of Waterloo-bridge approach, £7,000; new roads, £10,000; making a total cost of £230,000, or, including contingencies, £250,000. Mr. Sich's plan was next gone into. He said that it consisted of a series of small decks divided by walls, so that the craft might be reached at all times, which would be an advantage over one large dock in the centre of the stream, which could not at all times be accessible to the craft in the river. He proposed to form a road 50 feet broad, with clear entrances for waggons. The embankment could be constructed in sections, so that the sewer, wall, and docks, could be carried on at the same time. Each wall would form a cofferdam, and might be used as a means of transit afterwards. His plan would allow the barges to come into the docks at any state of the tide. He advocated the system of open docks, for if the river was dredged the mud would pass down the river, and would not be liable to be silted up. He proposed to terminate the embankment at Southwark-bridge, crossing Queenhithe-dock. A sewer would pass through the embankment. The road would be lifted up on girders. The entrances to the docks would run from 50 to 180 feet, with flood-gates, so as always to keep the barges afloat. There would be a fall between Westminster and Hungerford-bridges, of 16 feet. The roadway oppo site Somerset House would be raised above the lower story. Hailed not formed an estimate of the expense, as time had not permitted him to do so. Mr. H. R. Newton's plan was not produced. He said his plan was a simple viaduct on both sides of the river, 'with a causeway in the centre of it. He proposed to make the river of a uniform width of 700 feet, as by so doing an embankment would not interfere with commercial interests. At the present moment the Government paid £30,000 per annum for rentals of premises, between Whitehall and Charing-cross, for different departments, and a large sum was required to purchase sites for new law courts, but if the public o ffi ces were erected on thi s embankment, an increased accommodation would be provided at the present expense, and effect a saving to the country in respect to the erection of new law courts of not less than £750,000. It would also re lieve the coal tax, which would be absorbed for 10 years to pay for the embankment, leaving that tax available for other improvements. His plan would advance the ground 150 feet in front of Somerset House, giving the Government an opportunity of enlarging the wings of that estalishment. The Lord Mayor, having consulted his colleagues, said it appeared that this plan hardly came within the limits of their instructions, which were to pro vide with the greatest efficiency and economy for the relief of the most crowded streets by the esta -blibliment or new two spacious thoroughfares, anct for embanking and improving the river so as to give an opportunity of making a low level sewer without disturbing the Strand or Fleet-street, and also to report on the means of carrying the same into execution. If the plan did not come within those requirements it would only be a waste of valuable time to go further into it. Mr. Newton said if that were the decision of the commissioners he would at once withdraw.l Mr. A. M. Rendel's plan was next considered, which was a river wall, docks, and low level sewer. He proposed an embankment from Westminster bridge to Blackfriars-bridge, with openings for barges to enter. The line of road afterwards to be continued to New Earl-street, He proposed to make the river wall by large blocks of brickwork brought to the place, and then set by lowering stages by means of divers, in the same way as adopted by the late Mr. Rendel in the works at Portland harbour. The foundations of the wall would be 32 feet below Trinity high-water mark. The cost of the works would not exceed £650,000. That would not include compensation, as he was not aware what compensation could be required. His opinion was that in a few years first-class ware houses would spring up along the line. The Lord Mayor said the commissioners would first receive all the plans, and then they would in vite the wharfingers and others interested to ask their opinion as to the plan which they might con sider the best, or offer any suggestions upon it. The commissioners adjourned at four o'clock. G OF FORT SUMTER. (From Punch.) We have reason to believe that the following were the actual telegrams which passed between General Beauregard, Major Anderson, and L. P. Walker, the Secessionist Secretary of War : (No. 1.) " To L. P. WALKER, SECRETARY OP WAR. . .. " An authorised messenger from President Lincoln has just informed General Pickens and myself that several hampers of canvass-back ducks, wild turkeys, corn cakes, and materials fur brandy-smashes and cock-tails will be sent to Fort Sumter, peaceably or otherwise. "Charleston, April 8." "G. F. BEAUREGARD. (No. 2.) _. _ . , " GENERAL G. F. BEATIREGARD, CHARLESTON. " Stop 'em I Keep what you like, and send the rest to me. Give Major Anderson notice to quit. If that won't do, put your man in possession. "L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War. Montgomery, April 10." (No. 3.) "L. P. WALKER, SECRETARY OP WAR. " Luncheon is ordered at 12 o'clock. "Charleston, April 10. "G. F. BEAUREGARD." (No. 4.) "L. P. WALKER, SECRETARY OF WAR. "Demand sent at 12—Allowed till 6 o'clock for dinner. "Charleston, April 11. "G. F. BEAUREGARD." (No. 5.) " GENERAL BEAUREGARD, CHARLESTON. " Telegraph whet Major Anderson says to that. " L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War. " Montgomery, April 11." (No. 6.) " L. P. WALKER, SEORETARY OF WAR. "Major Anderson replies :—' I have the honour to ac knowledge the receipt of your communication, demanding me to evacuate this fort, and to dine before 6, without waiting to receive supplies. I regret that my obligations to my Government and my own digestive organs prevent my compliance.' He adds, ' I will await the first shot, and then drink your good health in a brandy-smash.' "Charleston, April 11. "G. F. BEATJREGA.RD." (No. 7.) " GENERAL BEAUREGARD, CHARLESTON. " Fire away (but don't hurt anybody), unless Major An• derson will send you the latch-key of the fort.. " L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War." (No. 8.) " L. P. WALKER, SECRETARY OF WAR. "Ho won't consent. He's not such a fool as you think. "Charleston, Aprill2. " G. F. BEAUREGARD." The bombardment then commenced, and after 40 hours' gallant resistance, Major Anderson, having nothing but his umbrella left to cover him, hoisted a flag of truce. (No. 9 ) " MAJOR ANDERSON, GINGHAM UMBRELLA, FORT SUMTER. " I see your condition through my telescope. We have intercepted your supplies. Give in, like a good fellow, and bring your garrison to dinner, and beds afterwards. No body injured, I hope ? " G. F. BEAUREGARD." (No. 10.) " GENERAL BEAUREGARD, CHARLESTON. " Major Anderson presents his compliments to General G. F. Beauregard, and has much pleasure in accepting his kind invitation to dinner and beds. As no one is hurt, Major Anderson fears he shall put General G. F. Beaure gard to some inconvenience, the party being a large one. " ANDERSON, Major." And so ended the first (and we trust the last) engage• ment of the American Civil War. COUNTRY MARKETS. LIVERPOOL-Arum 30. There was only a small attendance of town and country buyers at this morning's market, and we had but a limited business doing in both wheat and flour at receding rates. Barley, beaus, and peas were rather more plentiful, and the turn lower. Oats and oatmeal in moderate request, but without change in value. Indian corn neglected, and difficult to move, although 6d per qr lower. - LEEDS—Arum 30.: ---- "a Our market to-day was fairly attended by millers, but the trade in wheat was of a limited character, at about last week's rates, Beans rather dearer. Oats and other articles unaltered. SLEAFORD--APRIL 29. The attendance was moderate to-day, with a very poor supply of wheat. Trade slew, at the rates of the previous week. White wheat ruled at 57s to 61s, red 50s to 55s per qr. Barley in rather inactive demand, 30s to 36s ; oats a ready demand, at former prices, 22s to 308; beans front 44s to 58s ; peas, —ste —5. PAPER 212AKING. Mr. Bright in last Monday's debate took occa sion to dwell upon some of the statistics of the trade of paperm - aking, and to set forth what he supposed to be the opinion of that trade upon the measures now before the house. If he had known their interests better he might have done them more justice without in any way interfering with his own , object of getting cheap paper for his favourite penny newspaper. Nay, he might have even furthered that object and obtained cheaper paper from a great competition than he is now likely to obtain from a Continental monopoly. Failing his assistance, the papermakers arc themselves in the field, striving to obtain a hearing from a very reluctant audience. Unhappily for them, the general public will insist that they know their case without listening to it ; and they have a fixed notion that the papermakers are clamouring for a protection against foreign competition and for a right to sell dear paper. This happens to be directly the reverse of the fact. No persons have a greater interest in the repeal of the Excise duties than the papermaders ; no class is mare desirous to sell cheap paper than the owners of paper mills. An Excise is to them not only an annoyance, but a loss ; and every trader knows that the higher he is obliged to raise the price of his articles of trade the less he sells, and the less is his margin of profit. Th e p u bli c , how bver, cannot be brought to look at the question from this point of view. If a papermaker should manage to catch hold of the button of a member of Parlia- ment, and begin to tell him thic;i; - ;is;tiOnga freetrader as any man can be, and that he wants neither favour nor protection, the captive senator smiles blandly incredulous, and disengages himself at the earliest possible moment. He goes away down to the house congratulating himself that he has got out of the clutches of a greedy monopolist, who desires nothing less than to be hedged round with protective duties, and secured from all foreign competition. Of course, we shall buy our paper where we can get it cheapest ; the exigencies of our trade so compel us. But we have no special desire to ruin a great industry without any profit to any one, or to destroy the bread of our own country people wantonly. Therefore, although we know that we cannot touch this subject without drawing upon ourselves a certain quantity of dirt, we shall incur this inconvenience, and state what the pre ' sent case of the papermakers really is. In the first place, we are able, from our necessary business transactions with this trade, to affirm that the disastrous effects which the papermakers an ticipated from the measure of last session have not turned out to be mere illusory terrors. The paper trade is going right away out of England. Mr. Maguire, who stated the case very well to the House of Commons on Thursday last, was very much within the truth when he said that the Irish papermakers had already lost from 25 to 30 per cent. of their business. The instance Mr. Maguire gives of one Dublin firm, 'which had sent paper to the amount of £lB,OOO a-year to London, and does not now send a single ream, may be multi plied in many parts of England. It is clear that the English paper trade cannot stand. The only reason that it is not gone at once is that the French, Belgians, and Germans have not yet had time to put up sufficient machinery to meet the increased demand. In a little time that difficulty will be overcome, and then half the English mills must be shut up and all the population now en gaged in this manufacture must be thrown out of employ. This is a transition now being accom plished before our eyes. " Happy England !" cries some fanatic who fancies himself a Free-trader ; and is carrying out her principles; " she is buying in the cheapest market.' Not so. England, for the manufacture of paper, is the cheapest market in the world. The labour, skill, machinery, and waterpower are cheaper in England, in proportion to the results obtained, than they are in either Belgium, France, or Germany. The British paper maker is dying away. His workpeople are be coming destitute, and his mills are shut, not be cause he cannot beat all the world in papermaking, but because his raw material is withheld from him by the ignorance of his rulers. He cannot make bricks, because his rulers have taken away from him not only the straw, but also the clay. He would give you cheaper paper than even this which is now ruining him ; he would drive it out of the market both tor price and quality, if you would let him have free access to the market where he might get the stuff wherewith to make it. The fact in, you are even now paying dearer, and you will, when the Excise duty is taken off, pay dearer, for French, Belgian, and German paper than you would pay for English paper if you would untie the hands of your own fellow-subjects. It is you who are doing this—you Ministers, you Diplomatists, you members of the House of Com mons ! If a ship comes into port with a cargo half of rags and half of paper, you levy £9 per ton duty upon the rags, and you let in the rags ready made into paper duty free. You set the Frenchman and the Belgian to do bungling work upon an untaxed material, and you insist upon your own country men working upon a material heavily taxed. You are eager to reply that it is not you who levy the £9. With your permission, we must insist that it is you who levy the £9. True, it does not go into your pocket,—that is to say, into the pocket of this nation. So much the worse; we have not even that scintilla of advantage. You have not had the common sense to retain for this country the amount of the tax which is the destruc tion of one of its important interests. But it was you who put it on. A twelvemonth ago you had the power either to allow or to disallow this tax. By a word you might have taken it off. If you had but mentioned the subject, no Frenchman would have had the face to propose to you that he should, while he imported into England manufac tured rags, prohibit the exportation of unmanufac tured rags. The Treaty under which you let in manufactured rags duty free was, as you yourselves say, a matter of bargain—a " Reciprocity Treaty." Having it, then, in your power to remove this £9 impost, you deliberately, and of choice, left it in operation. It is, then, your tax ;as much your tax as if you levied it at the English Custom-house. It is you, Mr. Gladstone, it is you, Mr. Milner Gibson, it is you, ye Diplomatists, who have done this. By your unreciprocating Reciprocity Treaties you have not only violated the principles of Free I.'rade, but fixed a heavy protective duty against your own countrymen, and enhanced the price of an article which you were endeavouring to make cheap. This is what the Papermakers complain of. You have taken off the Customs, they say, and we ac cept our position with confidence; you are about to repeal the Excise duty, and we thank you for it, but you have taxed our raw material for the benefit of the foreigner, and under such an un paralleled proceeding we are driven from all hope of competition. With this case they repair to Lord Palmerston, who gives them such gentle language and unsubstantial satisfaction as Lord Palmerston is wont to give to deputations on subjects not within his immediate province. Thence they repair to Mr. Gladstone, who tells them that us to France he can do nothing, for that the £9 export duty (which we are told is to be substituted for the present prohibition) is tacitly, and by inevitable construction, part of the French Treaty. That Treaty of Reciprocity and Com merce leaves the French Emperor free to levy this duty, and Mr. Gladstone can ask for nothing which is outside the text of that document. As to the other countries with which there is no Treaty of Reciprocity, Mr. Gladstone promises every possible diplomatic interference ; but, as he is about to com mence by unconditionally repealing the whole of that Customs' duty which now balances the Excise, it is difficult to understand what expectation he can entertain of success from his diplomacy. What the Papermakers are now asking is that the same duty should be levied by us from any country importing paper as that country levies upon rags exported from it. The inevitable consequence of granting this request would be that no duty would be levied either upon rags or upon paper, and paper would be a great deal cheaper thau it ever can be while foreigners levy duty upon rags and Englishmen are shut out from competition in the paper manufac ture.—Times. THE CIVIL SERVICE.—Mr. Gladstone takes credit for the reduction of the Custims' establishment, as the result of the legislation of last year, but the drawback is serious ; the return of the increase and diminution in the course of 1860 in the number of persons employed in the public effices shows a diminution of 552 in the customs, and a saving of £91,987, but to set against there is an in crease of £50,216 in the retired allowances of that depart ment. This is immediately followed in the list by the state ment of an increase of above £70,000 in the " expenses" of the Inland Revenue Department, and of £52,000 in the Post-office, which in the course of the year added 638 to the number of its clerks and servants, and brought the strength of the establishment above 25,000. Upon the whole, notwithstanding the large reduction in the customs, there were 89 more persons employed in the public service at the end of the year than at the beginning, and the Sala andexperana had increased by 4110,258$ CONVICTION•FOR WIFE MURDER At the Circuit Court, Perth, on Thursday, Alex ander Hutchison, labourer and quarrier, Dundee, was placed at the bar, charged with the murder of his wife, Christina Fowler, on Saturday, the 6th of April, by striking her with a poker, and otherwise maltreating her. It appeared from the evidence that the deceased was very much addicted to drink, and that having got money from her husband to go and pay a gro ear's account, she paid part of it, and came home in a state of intoxication, having fallen several times in the street on her way, and been helped up by the passers-by. The only direct witness of what sub sequently occurred was the eldest daughter of the prisoner and deceased, a child of only six years of age, and whose statement was to a great extent corroborated by two boys in the next house, who overheard through the brick partition what was going on. She stated that as soon as her mother came in her father gave her a " skelp" on the side of the head, knocked her down and trampled upon her, and hit her on the head with a poker. He then took off her clothes while she was lying, and trailed her ‘, but and ben" the house before he went to bed. He hit her more than twice on the head while she was lying on the floor, and witness was crying all the time, but afraid to say anything, and her younger sister was crying "Mammy, mammy." The wretched woman appeared to have died imme diately, for shortly afterwards some boys, finding the door open, peeped in, and saw the woman lying motionless on the floor, and the man sitting over her with his hands clasped. The two boys deposed to having heard " an aw ful noise," and the sound of several blows, the wo man crying " Murder," an d moan ing. After a blow, they heard a man's voice say, That will surely spane (Wean) yo u f rom d r i n king. The boys stated to their fathe r , w h en he c ame in, what they " had seen, but the latter did not believe them, and went to bed. The next morning the prisoner called in two female neighbours, stating that he was afraid she was dead, and when charged by them with having killed her he denied that he had laid hands , on her. Drs. Greig and Webster were examined as to the state of the body, and gave it as their opini on th at the deceased had died from injuries inflicted by ex ternal v i o lence. Th e prisoner in his declaration stated that he was 43 years of age, and that he had mar r i e d th e de ceased in 1841 , she being then 19. He denied having assaulted her. Several witnesses, in cross-examination, deposed that the prisoner was a quiet, industrious, and sober man, and that the deceased had for years given her self up to drinking, that she was constantly pawn ing articles for drink, and had been twice convicted of theft. Mr. Ivory, advocate-deputy, addressed the jury for the Crown, and Mr. J. Campbell Smith for the prisoner. The jury found the prisoner guilty, but recom. mended him to mercy on account of the great pro. vocation he had received. Lord Ardmillan sentenced the prisoner to be executed at Mindee on Nay 22. :NEWCASTLE-UNDER. LYNE-APRIL 29. At this corn market there was a limited show of wheat, The trade was inactive, but prices were fully equal to the rates of last week—white making 66s to 70s, red b4s to 60s. The demand for barley was limited, and was stationary in value. Oats were in steady request, with firm sale, from 24s to 27s per 24 stone. Beans as before, fiom 40s to 50s per qr. LYNN —APRIL 30. There was a moderate attendance. Ihe supply of wheat was middling, with a fair business. Good aorta realised previous quotations; inferior a limited sale. Barley was in small supply, at the prices of last week. Oats were scarce, but firm. Beans moved off freely. Old white 56s to 60s I Old red ..52s to 54s Barley. .. 2Bs to 44s I Oats .22s to 26s Beans .38s to 44s I Peas 488 to 548 NORWICH CATTL E . The show of store cattle to-day was large. Sales brisk, and a great many sales effected. Scots, 4s Od to 4s 6d ; shorthorns, 3s 6d to 4s ; Irish, 3s Od to 3s 6d ; Devons, 4s to 58 6d (estimated weight when fat), Fat beasts a large show, and sales brisk, at 8s Od to 8e 6d per .141 b. Sheep—There was a good supply of sheep in the pens. Fat sheep, 9s Od to Os 6d per stone ; p r i me , j Od. Pigs—A fair supply. Store pigs, 18s to 25s ; fat pork, 7s 6d to 8s Od per stone. THE MAILS.' MAILS DUE. Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South ampton) .. May 10. Do, (via Marseilles) May 13. Brazil and Cape Verds . • May 4. Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &o. Cuba and Mexico .. May `../9. Canada, &o. (via L' derry) .. May 1. Cape of Good Hope, &c. May Z. China, Penang, and Singapore (via S' am pt on ) M a y 2. Do (via Marseilles) May 13. Gibraltar (via Southampton) .. • • May 2. India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &a. (via Southampton) May 2. Do. (via Marseilles) May 13. India (Bombay), (via Southampton) • .. May 11. Do. (via Marseilles) .. May 5. Lisbon .. • • • • . • May 1. Malts, Egypt, and Aden (via Southampton) .. May 2. Do. (via Marseilles) .„ May:s. Vigo, and Oporto .. • May 1. United States, California, &c. . •• • May 1. Western Coast of Atrica Madeira, Teneriffe .. May 10. West Indies and Paeific,'Carthagena, Cuba, &o. May 14. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Pills and medicine invariably fig' private and perpetuate diseases; their annoyance, die. appointment, and expense may be avoided by persons ill indifferent health sending only their address to E• S. Barry. Esq., 77, Regent-street, W., London, and they will receive gratis and free by post the " INVALIDS' OM, GUIDE," or Natural Restorer, without medicine or ex p'nse, of perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, and refreshing sleep, to the most enfeebled, insuring the removal of indigestion (dyspepsia), constipation, liver complaints, nausea, epilepsy, paralysis, debility, nervousness, palpitatioL , cough, asthma, consumption, dropsy, flatulency, diarrheas, dysentery, biliousness, fevers, sore throats, catarrhs, colds, noises in the ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, palpi tation, heartburn, headache, despondency, cramps, spasms, sinking. fits, bronchitis , —"Unvuestionably the safest Guide to health," hADVERTISEMENTI—HOHOWay'S Pills and Ointment—. In uenza,—Bronchitis.—At the 'beginning of spring, cheat complaints are continually pr•duce d by the east winds and variable temperature. In all such cases, early attention and effective treatment are demanded to prevent them degenerating into more serious, and often fatal maladies. Tho invalid may rest assured, that Holloway's Pills, with out worrying the weakest constitution, will remove all formidable symptoms. The Ointment should be rubbed on the chest, back, and sides, every night and morning, for, at least, 10 minutes, and the parts then encased in flannel. This course of treatment will lessen fever, rectify incipient congestion, relieved the oppressed lungs, remove restless ness, hoarseness, and cough. Thorough restoration will reward diligence and attention in following this advice. BIRTHS. CURZON.—On the 28th April, at 46, Charles-street, the Hon. Mre. Curzon, of a ssn. HEATON.—On the 29th April, at Hampstald, the wife 9f W. Heaton, Esq., R.N., of a son. SAVORY.—On the 28th April, a 143, New Bond-street, Mrs. T. H. Savory, of a son. MARRIAGES. BARING—BULTEEL,—On the 30th April, at St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, Edward Charles Baring, Esq., to Louisa Emily Charlotte Buiteel. PONSONDY—BULTEEL.-011 the 30th April, at St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, Colonel Henry Ponsonb37, G rena dier Guards, to the Hon. Mary Elizabeth Bulteel. DEATHS. CAMPBELL.—On the 27th April, at Edinburgh, Co lic Campbell, Esq., of Kilmartin and Blackhall. GARLANI).—On the 29th April, Mr. Robert Garland, of 2, Richmond Villas, Barnsbury, and lat a of 36, wood street, Cheapside, aged 55. GRANT.—On the 29th Apra, at 4, Sellwood-terrace. Brompton, Kensington, Andrew Thomas Grant, aged KINAHAN.—On th e 29 t h April, 58. at 64, Piccadilly, Rob Henry Kinah an , Es q ,, , and Alderman of the city o fel Dublin, aged 61. WHANNELL.—On the 29th April, at 18, Charles-street , St. Jame s ' s - square, George Whan ne ll, late Ligutenan t - Colonel 33d Regt., aged 63. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, No, 112, Strand, Printer, at TrIE SUN Office, No. 112,Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County 01 Middy' Wedueaciar, May 1,1841., di ' thi Ep ga wi eli • It sii N. 18( G( , 60,1 liv sol cei th