The Sun. — London, England, 1861-10-18 00:00:00

MEETING OF MIDDLESEX 211 - AGIS. TkATES. The ordinary meeting of the magistrates of Mid dlesex was held yesterday at Clerkenwell, for the consideration of the business of the county. Mr. Po wnall presided, and there was a full attendance of justices. On the report of the Committee of Accounts and General Purposes being presented, the Court ordered the payment of bills, salaries, and demands upon the county for the quarter to the amount of £14,655 148. 7d., and an ordinary county rate of id. in the pound, and -Id. in the pound under the Lunatic Asylums Act were ordered. The items of expendi ture were—House of Correction, £4,740 7s. Ildr; Rouse of Detention, £BOB 14s. 9d.; surgeon and clerk to those prisons, £ll2 10s. ; House of Correc tion, Westminster, £1,839 7s. 10d. ; Industrial School, £2,156 17s. 7d. ; Sessions-house, Clerken well, £229155. 7d.; ditto,Westminster, £61155. 6d. ; miscellaneous, £1,060 18s.; militia storehouses, £585 Os. 4d. ; bridges„ £lll ss. 4d. ; coroners, £l,BBO 13s. 3d. ; salaries, &c., and allowances, £1,068 Bs. 6d.; total, £14,655 14s. 7d. The usual reports from the prisons were presented. They referred only to the internal arrangements of the establishments, which were very satisfactory, and the sanitary condition of each was well spoken of. THE HOUSE OF DETENTION. _ _ On the report from this prison being presented, Mr. Sergeant PAYNE called the attention of the Court to the fact that there was no mention in the report of the case of a man named Ryan, who had, by order of the governor, been forcibly thrust into a bath with his clothes on, and held under the water. Had the matter been investigated by the committee, and, if it had, why was it not mentioned in the report of the committee ? Mr. WYATT, chairman of the committee, said legal proceedings had been threatened against the Governor for the matter, and, though it had been inquired into by the committee, they did not renort upon it, as they thought it better to await the re sult of the action, if it was brought. Mr. Sergeant PAYNE stated that he had been in formed, since he had been in court, that an offer of V) had been made to the poor man Ryan to settle the affair. He thought that if the matter had been inquired into by the committee, the result of their inquiry ought not to be withheld from the Court. The Court had nothing to do with any action arising out of the affair; what they had to deal with was the question whether the Governor had or had not done his duty properly. The Court had to deal with their own officer, without considering any legal consequences which might fall upon him upon any charge made against him. Besides this, there was a case of a prisoner being sent for trial with a stone in his pocket, which he threw at the prosecutor, and one of a warder named Morley, who had been in the service of the county many years, and had been a soldier 11 previously, who committed suicide in Hornsey-fields in August last, after having complained of the tyrannical and severe conduct of the new Governor, Captain Codd. The charge was one of undue severity and tyranny against the Governor. Was it true or not ? If it was true, it was a matter for a severe rebuke and reprobation on the Governor; if it was not true, the Governor ought to have received at the hands of the committee an opportunity of defending himself. Further, it appeared by public accounts in the papers that the Governor had refased permission to officers to see prisoners for the purpose of identification to serve the ends of justice, which had afterwards been granted by superior au thority. Mr. WYATT said that refusal was by order of the committee. Mr. Sergeant PAYNE said that might be. An inquiry was required, and if the Governor was found unfit for the situation he ought to be displaced ; it was the duty of the Court to order an inquiry, and put an efficient officer in his place. Mr. WYATT strongly defended the Governor and the committee in the course they had taken. The committee passed a resolution, for good reasons, that no officer should see a prisoner unless he had a certificate from the superintendent of his division; that it was his business to atteq, as there had been cases of extortion which this regulation was to pre vent. With respect to the late Mr. Morley, a warder, who it was supposed, and there was no doubt of the fact, unfortunately lost his life by his own hands in Hornsey fields, as appeared by published accounts in the papers, he was a man getting into years and was certified by the doctor as incapacitated for duty from physical causes. The committee recommended him for a pension or superannuation allowance of something over £2O per year, and before he knew it he left home and destroyed himself. Mr. Morley was a very good officer, but, unfortunately he be came incapacitated, though complaint was made in newspaper reports of the harshness and severity the new Governor exercised towards him. The com mittee proposed to the Court to grant his widow a gratuity of £2O. With respect to the case of Ryan, he hoped the Court would for the present abstain from requiring a report, as the Governor was under a threat of law proceedings at the instance of Ryan. Mr. KEMSHEAD said three warders had been treated in the same way—one after 16 years' service, because he could not read or write, though he had done his duty. Mr. ARMSTRONG said he had seen the published accounts in the papers, and it appeared therefrom that the magistrates of the county were at the bar of public opinion in respect of these matters. It ap peared from the evidence of MI. Scott, a medical gentleman who attended Morley—evidence given on oath—that Morley complained to him of the cruel and severe conduct of the Governor to him. There was also a further case for inquiry, that of a man named Townshend, who was committed for want of bail, having threatened to destroy his cloth ing, the Governor kept him in solitary confinement 72 hours, 48 of which were in irons. He thought there should be an inquiry into the state and management of the prison since the new Governor bad been appointed. Mr. WYATT spoke in high terms of the Gover nor's conduct in his capacity of Governor, and said that the committee were determined to uphold him in the discharge of his duty, which they considered he had properly performed. When the Governor entered upon his duties the prison was in a very disordered state in point of discipline, but if the present Governor were supported the House of Detention would speedily become the model prison of the county of Middlesex. Mr. HARWOOD thought it very irregular for newspaper reports to be cited in court which con tained imputations, and that magistrates ought not to make statements upon representations made to them privately by individual officers in the service of the county. N.Leiu nicertnn said he hoped the day was far distant A lr libnof the county was no t t o b e a llowed to see a inegist t a t te and complain to hi m o f what he might considerrievance ? Was there to bey no no appeal if a n felt himself wronged ? As to newspaper reports, he begged to say they Th e day were of the greatest public importance.Nveraandasregarded ; was long gone by when they in all they were acted upon in Parliament pub lie affairs ; they were the source of all information to the public. Mr. Turner, Mr. Kepp, and Mr. Pran ce having made some few observations, Mr. WooDwARD said he could not allow o ne remark to be passed over without an observation. It had been stated that the House of Detention was in a disorganised state of discipline when the change of governorship took place. As a visiting magistrate of that prison for many years, he had to say that it had been well conducted for these many years by the late governor, Capt. Hill, under the supervision of the visiting committee. The CHAIRMAN said he had no objection to an officer seeing a magistrate if he had anything to complain off; and as to the newspaper reports, he could bear his own personal testimony to the fact that a great deal of good had arisen from news paper paragraphs emanating from this court. The report was received. The grant of £2O to Mrs. Morley was agreed to. There were no parishes or places in the county iu arreem to the rate . M0n11944 ,fiend from Mr, Imo Le Bru- ment, late a warder of the House of Detention, and, I on the motion of Mr. Wyatt, was referred back to the committee to inquire and report, as it contained specific charges of which the committee were not aware. To this memorial were append() copies of certificates from Dr. Lavies, of the H use of Cor rection, Westminster, who had opera d upon Mr. Le Brument for a serious chronic disease ; and from Mr. T. H. Mitchell, of Lowther Cottages, Holloway, who had attended him, and also his wife. From physical disability he was not able to continue his duties as a warder. Mr. WYATT said this petition contained certain specific charges which had not been brought before the committee, and he therefore moved that it be referred to the committee to inquire into its allega tions and report to the Court.—Agreed to. AFRICAN SOCIE7T-THE COTTON SUPPLY. BIRMINGHAM, :WEDNESDAY. A public meeting was held in the Music-hall here last, the object being to consider the effects of the cotton " famine" on Manchester and Birmingham industries, the best mode of procuring a supply of cotton, and the opportunity which the crisis affords of annihilating the slave trade, by establishing the cotton industry in Africa. The MAYOR presided, and among the company on the platform were Lord Stratheden Campbell, Lord Calthorpe, Lord Alfred Churchill, M.P., Mr. D. Seymour, Mr. Alderman Sturge, &c. The MAYoR read a letter from Mr. Bailey, M.P., expressing his regret at not being able to be present. Lord A. CHURCHILL moved the first resolution —" That this meeting emphatically expresses its approval of the appointment by the British Govern ment of an accredited agent at Abbeokuta, and trusts that the policy which dictated this appoint ment may be extended to the town of Rabba, on the Niger, and to other important places as facili ties arise." In enforcing this resolution his lord ship dilated at considerable length on the signal success which had already resulted from the ap pointment of the consul at Abbeokuta, and with re ference to the second point referred to in the resolution, it had already received the serious attention of the Government. The objects of this society were, he said, extremely practical, and now pretty well understood. They desired, in the first place, to introduce such an alteration of system into Africa as they believed would bring about a great and beneficial change—physical, political, and social, and they proposed to do that by introducing there families from Canada who by their skill in the various mechanical arts and sciences would be in a condition to raise the African to a higher state of intelligence and usefulness, and lead him on by degrees to a state of civilisation equal to that of any other race. The means to this end were by the ex tension of consular establishments in the interior of Africa. This would place the country under the protection of Great Britain, and, so protected, all its cotton, sugar, tobacco, and indigo fields would thrive under British enterprise ; a deadly blow would be struck at the slave-grown produce of Cuba, Virginia, and New Orleans; the supply of slaves from the African coast would be cut off; the Africans would be brought up to their true position in the human race, and the whole world would soon reap the benefit. AND _RUSSIA. TfIE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 18, 1861. to the police as " Spuddy," was sentenced to ten years' penal servitude about fifteen months since, for a daring burglary and robbery at the business premises of Mr, Carpenter, pawnbroker and jewel ler, Cannon-street, St. George-in-the-East. A few nights since Humphrey was inveigled into a most infamous house in the Back-road, Shadwell, where many outrages and robberies have been com mitted. He was promised "a snug berth and good treatment." He could not go to his ship, which was in the Commercial Dock, Rotherhithe, and, to use his own words, " any port in a storm would do for him." He entered the house at a late hour of the night, he was greatly fatigued, and somewhat the worse for liquor. He was provided with a bed, and soon fell asleep. He was soon stripped of every thing he possessed, and when he awoke and missed his watch, money, silk handkerchiefs, clothes, and pocket-book, he " sung out" loudly for the police. He was ill-used by the people in the house, and turned into the street, with nothing upon his per son except his shirt and trousers. On the morning of the 4th inst., between eight and nine o'clock, the prisoner offered the prosecutor's watch in pawn at the shop of Mr. By as, a pawnbroker in Ratcliff Highway. She was interrogated by Mr. Cunning ham, an intelli g ent young man, th e p awn b ro k er ' s assistant, and she said the watch belonged to John Sullivan. Mr. Cunningham asked her what initials were upon the watch, and she was unable to de scribe them. He immediately gave her into cus tody of a constable named Barber, 99 11, who found upon her 15 duplicates relating to property on which she had raised money at pawnbrokers' shops. Among them were the duplicates of three gold rings, and the ticket or memorandum of a monkey-jacket, which the sailor valued at 355., and was pawned by the prisoner for 12s. only, at the shop of Mr. Child, pawnbroker, No. 216, High-street, Shad well, on the morning of the 4th instant. The police recovered nearly the whole of Humphrey's property, including seven new silk handker chiefs. His money was not found. The second case against the prisoner was a very singular one. A woman named Mary Ahearn, wife of a convict, who has kept a house of ill-fame, wore five gold rings on her fingers, and, like most women of her class, was very fond of disphlying them. One Thursday in August last she laid down on her bed, at her dwelling, in Victoria-street, Shadwell, very ill, and soon fell asleep. A woman named Mary Ann Smith, who was called Sally throughout the investigation, took the rings off the fingers of her mistress while the latter was asleep, deposited them in a purse, and put them in her pocket. The prisoner came to Ahearn's house, at half-past one o'clock in the morning, to purchase a halfpenny candle, and entered into conversation with Sally, who was seated in a chair at the door of the house. Sally followed the example of her mistress Ahearn, and fell asleep in the chair. When she awoke, the purse containing the rings were gone. Sally immediately waited on the prisoner, and asked her if she had seen the purse and rings. The old woman stoutly denied all knowledge of either. Three of the rings were now produced. They had been pawned by the prisoner directly after they were missed by Sally. The assistants of three pawnbrokers produced them, and they were valued at £3. The other rings stolen at the same time are still missing. The prisoner said she was a servant in the house where the sailor was plundered, and the watch and monkey-jacket were given to her to pawn, and she did not know how they were obtained. She found the purse, containing the rings, in Shadwell. Mr. Woolrych sa id th e conduct of the pawn broker's assistant, Cunningham, was highly credit able to him, and he was glad to hear that the same person had detained other offenders. He sentenced the prisoner to two months' imprisonment and hard labour for the unlawful possession of the sailor's watch, road one month's imprisonment and hard labour for illegally pawning the three gold rings. MOROCCO. THE UNIVERSITIES OF ENGLAND are further informed that these free and fearless spirits, animated by all the fire and confidence of youth, are sent out into the world to leaven it, not with revolutionary, but with Conservative, doc trines; and that the ancient institutions under which these principles are maintained have actually been likened to hulks moored in a stream, which serve by their immobility to mark the swiftness of the flood. When they hear all this, and when they recall the democratic vagaries and the periodical insurrections of the Universities which they have got at home, they wish very sincerely that every seminary in their dominions resembled Oxford and Cambridge. The history of all this, however, lies not in the place, nor in the studies pursued, but in the social position which the English Universities have insen sibly acquired. The students at those ancient seats of learning are not made Conservatives ; they are Conservatives before they come. What has always preserved England from revolutions is that the great body of the people have far more to lose than to gain by such catastrophes, and our Oxford and Cambridge men represent some of the most con tented specimens of a contented nation: They are taken from well-to do and satisfied classes, and it is the blessing of this country that such classes, instead of being confined to a caste of nobles, per vade society from top to bottom. If the' Russian authorities could have converted the University of St. Petersburg into a seminary frequented almost exclusively by students of fair social position and moderate means; and if, for the satisfaction of the necessitous or ambitious, they had provided ample rewards within the University itself, there is no doubt that St. Petersburg would have acquired a great similarity to Oxford and Cambridge. So far, the proposed taxation, though so small in its amount, did point to some perception of the truth, but it is obvious that the scheme could only have been car ried out at the cost of the institution itself. At pre sent the University of St. Petersburg is a most use ful and valuable seminary. If it does not exactly shape the public mind, it does, at any rate, commu nicate excellent instruction t o man y who would otherwise remain uninstructed. We have no ground for supposing that if it forsook these functions it would find the materials for discharging others after the fashion of Oxford and Cambridge. We do not suppose that Russia yet contains an immense and contented middle class, w'rlich could profit by the social as well as intellectual education obtainable at a University framed on the English model. All these things have yet to come. When they do come, the desired University will probably come with them, but in the meantime it is neither hopeful nor wise to attempt a scheme out of keeping with things around it, or to sacrifice to chimerical apprehen sions an institution which is contributing in no small degree to the national progress.—Times. EXPEDITION TO TETE COURT OF Mr. J. LYON M'LEOD (late consul at Mozam bique) seconded the resolution. He referred to how much had been done to suppress the slave trade. The number of slaves exported per annum had been reduced from 150,000 to 50,000, but more must be done before the trade was extinguished. One squa dron was of no use while slavetraders reaped a pro fit of 1,400 per cent. on their traffic. The best means they could adolA was to make the traffic unprofita ble; this was to be done by the cultivation of Afri can produce by Africans under British protection. There were two weeds growing there—cotton and indigo—in sufficient quantities to clothe the whole human race, and dye it blue into the bargain; the cultivation of these weeds would not only do good to the country itself, but would give the whole world a cheaper article, inasmuch as cotton from New Orleans, which was being now sold at 9d, or 10d. per lb., could be made in Africa for 4d. All that was required. to achieve this was the infusion of the skill of the white races among the negroes of Africa. The resolution was carried unanimously. Mr. B. SEYMOUR moved :—" That this meeting recognises in the special qualities of the African race the promise of an African nationality, and an ticipates in that nationality a valuable element in the commonwealth of nations." The hon. gentle man dwelt on the advantages in a commercial point of view which had resulted from British protection in other parts of the world. The Africans had in them, he said, the seeds of civilization, and they only needed cultivation to bring them up to a level with European races. All we had to do was to teach them the requirements of a civilized life, and he was sure they had intelligence enough to gratify them. Lord STRATHEDEN said a few words in support of the resolution, which was carried. Lord CALTHORPE moved the third resolution. It was, " That, while deploring the threatened cotton famine in the manufacturing districts of the north, this meeting cannot but see in the present crisis the means of securing our own cotton supply for the future, and also of destroying the African slave trade by the development of the vast natural cotton fields of Western Africa." The noble lord remarked that the American war had taught the people of this country that which they ought to have learned before—namely, the uncertainty of the dependence on one field for the supply of cotton ; the only remedy was by the cultivation of the plant in other parts of the world. England was to some extent responsible for the introduction of the slave traffic into America, and was bound to do all she could to remedy that evil. Mr. EDWARD GEM, merchant, seconded the reso lution, which was carried. The Rev. HIGHLAND GARNETT, of New York, moved the fourth resolution, "That the introduction of Christian coloured families from Canada into Africa is eminently calculated to advance the influ ence of Christianity and civilisation in that country." Mr. CAMPBELL (Canada) seconded the resolution. He had, he said, just shipped in a vessel from Lon don about £250 worth of cotton machinery, which he intended to follow as fast as he could and take from Lagos up the river Ogou to Abbeokuta; when there he should take in some land, get labourers to plant cotton, and purchase all the cotton from the natives that his means would allow, and ship it to this country. To show that the negroes were a trading race he mentioned the fact that in the in terior of Africa he found articles of luxury which had been imported from Europe and by the cara vans across the Desert, the trader not daring, how ever, to approach the Western Coast of Africa for fear of the slave dealer. The resolution was adopted, as was also the fol ,owing " That, considering the vast influence of commerce as an associate of civilisation and religion, this meeting recog nizes in the cultivation of cotton and other natural products of Africa the great industrial motive power for the raising of that continent, and pledges itself to support the African Aid Society in its endeavours to promote those enterprises." A vote of thanks to the Mayor terminated the proceedings. cricketersEriagefi - I TILE AUSTRALIAN CRICKETERS.—The EL , glish were entertained fore:liaLoso°rn'tlo°fn o s i:f lo o t u e t l to Australia are to b banqueted at the 'o "littlerid ridge, e g , 0 t ; 11 , i ats evening. i‘iortioe k , s T he (the They ham Arms, Earley long stop) brOthef for zse on Tuesday evening, at the Dur illustrates the same us of the late Bishop of London rod, close to the Oval.• A favourite story who lived quite alone°and mere words :—An old woman, a little girl fram the wwohrklaenwoaUs:,e helpless, had adopted a ry nd brought her up till she had become a useful hel and was to her as she was about sixteen, mate for her in her householdc daughter. The child, however,oneenis, servant in a persuaded to leave with her, the old woman, and was enticed away was farm-house. Some of the neighbZgrysaetotoenfuli)eling and expressing indignation at the un conduct of the g ill, the poor old woman meekly observed that wtre only to be expected, as TA C TvCre told in ScriptureSti tlaings they t "You know it is said, 'Train up a ch -l' ild to would happen. She then quoted eriptural aUt2,ori which was, in fact, the good woman's l at : n . a ad d t a way i n eff o C ftil adding,teb v go l :k " n o w n passage, "Train up a child in the way he should go," c•—./i'ernoli4cences of A scotah Zito ant VircrofOr. Mr. Mansfield—Let us hear what the police have to say. Sergeant Holmes, 2 F—The baron went away to Paris on Saturday night last, and he told me that he would be back, if he possibly could, in time to-day. Mr. Lewis—He will not be here, Sir, the action has already taught him a moral. Mr. Vaughan, a solicitor, who also appeared for the prisoners, said he had been instructed on behalf of the prisoners, and could tell his worship that the party who appeared last week to prosecute, is a colonel in the Russian army, and he is now gone off to St. Petersburg. Mr. Mansfield—My duty is clear. I have not heard a title of evidence in this case, and as the prosecutor does not now appear the prisoners are discharged. THE CHARGE OF WHOLESALE VICTIMISING TRADESMEN.—EIIdn Murray, aged over 40, was again brought up on remand, charged with having obtained i a large quantity of goods from Mr. Butler, linen draper, &c., of Inverness House, Bayswater. Another female, named Elizabeth Oliver, was also brought np, charged with being concerned with the other prisoner. Mr: William Venn, solicitor, of 3, New Inn, Strand, appeared for Oliver, and a solicitor for Murray : _ _ Mr. Venn, after the evidence had been given against his client, made a very energetic speech, in which ho contended she had no right to be given in charge. Mr. Mansfield ordered that Oliver should be discharged. Mr, Lewis, of Great Marlborough-street, who ap peared to prosecute, then said that he had another case to go into. Mr. Richard Tyrell said he carried on business at 55, Edgware-road, On the Gth of September pri soner called on him and asked if Mr. Stobart had still the shop. He replied that he had not, when she said she came from Mrs. Captain Walker, of 7, Southwick-street, and that the captain's lady re quired mournin g . She ordered silks an d p aramattas to be sent to the address. A young man was sent with the goods, when she selected silks and para. mattes to the extent of £22. On the same evening prosecutor was informed that she had decamped, taking the goods with her. A number of tradesmen were again present to prefer charges, The prisoner was remanded till Wednesday next. SOUTHWARK.—TITE GARROTTE ROBBERY IN THE MlNT.—Charles Holden and Eliza Hockley, two very bad characters, were brought up for final examination, charged with assaulting Mr. Thomas Oldfield, an auctioneer residing at Sheffield,. and robbing him of £3O in gold. The prosecutor, it appeared, was in London on the night of the 27th ultimo, and went into one of the worst houses in the Mint, where he treated some girls with wine, and on the following morning as he was about to pay for his lodging, the male prisoner seized him by the throat, while a female, not in custody, rifled his pockets of 0 -4 ,:30 in gold, and the other prisoner held the door. He positively swore to those facts at the time, and the prisoners were remanded from time to time, but he has neglected to attend. Last Saturday, when the prisoners were re-examined, Sergeant Gardener produced a letter, setting forth that the prosecutor was unable to attend that day, owing to the injuries received at the time of the robbery, when Mr. Burcham further remanded them. Mr. Burcham asked if he was now in attendance. Coleman, 53 M, who apprehended the prisoners, replied that ho was not. A_ notice had been for warded to him, warning him to be in attendance that day, but he bad taken no notice of it. Wit ness believed that it was not his intention to proceed any further in the matter. The male Frisoner was, however, a desperate character, and the robbery took place in one of the worst neighbourhoods in the metropolis. Mr. 13ureham asked if any of the property had been found. Coleman replied that it had not, as the female who actually committed the robbery made her escape, and could not be found. Mr. Burcham observed that, as there was no pro secutor, the prisoners must be discharged ; but he should adviEe them to bc more careful of themselves for the future. The prisoners hurriedly left the court, much gratified at the lucky termination of the case. --- TRA.MES.—A DEN OF INFAMY.—Margaret Smith, a dirty and withered old woman, was brought up on remand before Mr. Woolrych, charged 'with being conceited, with others, in steal ing a sil ver Watch, value £5 125., a monkey-jacket, value Value ;i,1.., a pock P t -book, an d a variety of other property, from a sailor named Sohn Humphrey, the mate of the ship Rants, of Whitby, and five gold rings, .value £lO, from the fingers of a woman hau le d Mary Anil Ahcarn, whoao hutibAud, knoVil The young gentlemen who are now reassembling at Oxford and Cambridge will be considerably struck with the contrast just disclosed between college life in England and college life in Russia. The univer sity of St. Petersburg was summarily closed exactly at the time that the universities of our own country were opened, and when the studies of the former seminary are resumed it will only be after a violent and alarming suspension of academical existence. The strange story now reported acquires an addi tional interest from the fact that the disturbance is traced to an imitation of England, not, indeed, on the part of the students, but on the part of the Go yernment. We shall, perhaps, accomplish a double purpose by drawing attention to the affair. The public at home will be edified by a very curious narrative, and authorities abroad may gain an in sight into the circumstances from which the cha racter of the English universities is really derived. The university of St. Petersburg has been hitherto an institution maintained as well as con trolled by the Russian Government. The students paid nothing, or next to nothing, for the instruc tion they received. The professors drew their salaries from the public treasury, and so utterly insignificant were the fees exacted from their classes that nine-tenths of the whole number of undergra duates were provided with tuition gratuitously. Under such circumstances it is easy to understand from what classes of society the students of the university were mainly furnished. Many of them were only enabled to subsist by the charity of their friends, and an association existed in the univer sity for subscribing and distributing the alms which such necessities required. These conditions, how ever, of academical life were no obstacle to learn ing. The Professors were able, the undergraduates were diligent, and the diffusion of knowledge pro duced its usual fruits in curiosity, scepticism, and ' discussion. It happened that all Russia was in a ferment. The emancipation of the serfs, the revo lutionary agitation in Poland, and the countless sources of excitement incidental to a state of tran sition, were all working together to produce dis quietude, and the University of St. Petersburg soon showed symptoms of political fever. In short, Russia was acquiring knowledge, but with it she was acquiring a spirit scarcely consistent with the obedience exacted by a despotic Government. This was not what the authorities desired. They wished their University to resemble Oxford or Cambridge rather than Jena or Gottingen, and they proceeded, according to the best of their information or power, to give effect to their views.. The Vice-Chancellor, as we should say, of St. Petersburg was a distinguished sailor, who had just resigned the command of the China fleet, and his coadjutor was a soldier of good reputation, fresh from hard service in the Caucasus. The authorities, in devising their scheme of University Reform, did not propose any change in these features of acade mical administration. Perhaps they had heard that the Duke of Wellington had been Chancellor of the University of Oxford, and had inferred that Rear-Admiral Count Putiatin was exactly the man for his place. They did, however, take one very notable step towards the assimilation of Oxford and St. Petersburg in respect of University government. They established the office of proctor. There was some difficulty about the appointment, and consi derable obscurity about the duties in contempla tion,was instituted never.- te, e s s b.O tacademical costume—a military Then the the proctorship uniform—was abolished, perhaps as a preliminary measure to the introduction of the cap and gown ; but the great step of all was of a financial charac ter. Instead of attempting, as we do, to reduce University expenses, the Russian authorities deter mined to raise them. They ordained that every student should be called upon for a contribution of 50 roubles, or about £8 55., per annum, instead of receiving, as heretofore, a gratuitous education. Un fortunately, these reforms proved neither palatable nor successful. Nobody would take the Proctorship, and so it was given to a species of police officer who was not a member of the University. The uniform was prized as a distinction, and, in the absence of any substitute, the students were unwilling to give it up. Worst of all, however, was the new scale of fees. If enforced, it would have / driven many of them away from the University altogether, and pre cluded them from all chance of completing their studies. So the whole University Bill was regarded in a hostile spirit, and, though the undergraduates did nothing worse, they did assemble in public. meeting. But public meetings were forbid den by law, and the students therefore were committing an illegal act. When they ventured, for the third time, on thus assembling for discussion, they found that the Uni versity had ceased to be. That institution, not having in Russia the abstract and immaterial character distinguishing it here, but being tangibly and visibly represented by walls and doors, was " closed " upon the students. They were locked out, and the Uni versity of St. Petersburg was fairly shut up, like a bankrupt's shop or a theatre on a fast-day. Since then it has been announced that other Russian Uni versities are closed also, and it is feared, indeed, that none will be left open. We can readily sympathise with foreign Govern ments in their admiration of the English Uni versities. The Continental visitors who descend upon Oxford and Cambridge in the guise of " distinguished strangers" must be greatly im pressed with the spectacle which meets their eyes. They see the flower of English youth, assembled at the most excitable period of life, and exposed to all the contagion of concourse and example, present ing, nev ertheless, an as p ec t o f i n t ense an d unquali fied They are told that neither learning nor any other characteristic nor Conservatism. freedom, of University life, prevents the constituencies of Oxford and Cambridge from being, in a political acme, the Wet Liberal b9dies in tb.e kingdena. They (From the Scotsman.) A curious expedition was lately made under the orders of the British Government, of which little notice has hitherto been taken by the public journals. It consisted of an Embassy to the Court of the Emperor of Morocco, at his residence at Meknaz, or Mequinex, some 200 miles in the interior of the country—a place which has but very rarely been visited by Europeans. The object of the Embassy was to endeavour to promote a settlement of the differences between the Spanish Government and the Moors as to the payment of the indemnity extorted by the former as a condition of peace. The Embassy con sisted of Mr. Drummond Hay, the British Minister at Morocco; his attache, Mr. James Hay; Captain (now Admiral) the Hon. Charles Elliott, Dr. Evans, R.N., and Captain Hood, - aide-de-camp to the Governor of Malta. The cavalcade left Tangier on the 11th July. An escort was in attendance, varying in number during the day from 200 to 1,200 horsemen, besides a body guard of about 12 men. Extensive arrangements were necessarily required for the subsistence of so large a cavalcade camping out each night in the open country. Accordingly the governors of the provinces through which it was to pass had been warned to furnish the necessary provisions. The sup plies which were intended for the ambassador and his retainers alone (independently of the escort, but including the servants and muleteers in charge of baggage), were, under the designation of "Mona," daily presented at his tent soon after the halt. The following account of what was provided on one occasion is a fair specimen of the usual " Mona :"-1 bullock, 30 sheep, 100 fowls, 1,000 eggs, 30 bushels of barley, a dozen larget ; and excellent dishes of coscosoo—the dishes being about three feet in diameter. Coseosoo is a food much used in Morocco, the staple of which is semolina. In addition to this, butter, honey, sweetmeats, &c., were also supplied. On the eighth day they reached Meknes. Their reception was magnificent. At least 20,000 troops, chiefly cavalry, were turned out upon the heights and roads through which they passed on entering the city. In compliance .with etiquette, our distinguished travellers, upon their arrival at Meknas, became prisoners of State. Four whole days were they confined to the precincts of the house which had been allotted to them ; nor were they set at liberty until the ceremony of presentations to the Emperor had been com pleted. At seven in the morning, the hour appointed for their reception, the strangers found themselves riding in company with the high officers 9f state to the Sultan's Palace. After passing through a handsome Moorish arch at ;the outer gate, a court was crossed, and another gate, leading to an inner court, was reached, the whole distance being lined with troops drawn up on each side as a guard of honour. Having entered the court they then dis mounted. Round tho square troops were placed all on foot. Here, standing in front of the chief officers of state, the Europeans took up their station opposite the gateway through which the Sultan was to approach. Presently he arrived preceded by some handsome led horses, and by about a dozen men walking two and two—one of them being an executioner with an axe. The Sultan was the only person mounted. An officer having announced him, It 2 stood still, and the company gave utterance to some expression of submission and goodwill, bowing their heads to the very ground, except some 600 regular troops who presented arms. This having been repeated, the Sultan came forward to the centre of the court; the Europeans then saluted him by taking off their hats, and being beckoned to advance, made their bows to his Majesty. He was mounted on a white horse—the emblem of peace. His Majesty is very dark, his mother having been, it is believed, a puro black. The population of Morocco, is, in fact, now very largely intermixed with negro blood, and persons of all shades of colour, from the comparatively light complexion of the Arab races to that of the African negro, are to be found throughout the country. There appears to be no prejudice on account of colour between the different races and tribes of men. A large body of black men has long been maintained in the military service Of the Sultans of Morocco, of which Meknas is the head-quarters. A very extensive forced immigration of this race, with their wives and families, from the south, took place about 200 years ago, and from this and other causes the population has undergone con stant modifications. These men, now numbering many thousands, are entitled the "Sultan's Black Guard," and are held to military service which is hereditary amongst them. Complimentary speeches having been interchanged between tho parties, the Europeans were free to return home. During the remainder of their residence at Mek nes, they were occasionally invited to tea parties at the houses of the chief men—an honour to Christians almost unprecedented, for which they were indebted, no doubt, to the orders of the Sultan, whose anxiety was great that every attention should be paid to his guests. The mon hers of the mission had an opportunity of witnessing, by the Sultan's desire, a meeting of one of those extraordinary religious sects whose worship consists in bodily extrava gances of the most violent description. These people are in the habit of lashing themselves into a state of in tense excitement, under the influence of which they sup pose themselves to bo insensible to pain, and in proof of their insensibility they certainly inflict upon their persons the severest wounds. Eight or ten men of one of these sects entered the court, beating drums of a peculiar con struction, and producing the most discordant tones. They wore speedily joined by some of the servants and soldiers of the special escort of the mission, who belonged to the same sect, one of whom took a leading part in the per formance. Operations wore commenced by one of the party, who, contrary to custom, had at once attained the requisite pitch of excitement, wildly cutting himself down with a sword, which ho wielded with such force as to make the blood spirt out from his face in half a dozen wounds. The whole party then danced, at first calmly, and gradually more and more wildly, to the music, working themselves up to a frantic state. One of the soldiers—the most frantic of the party—jumped up and seized, one after another, two great earthenware jars, and smashed them over his head, making the blood ran, and rushing about as if perfectly mad. An old man of 70—one of the guard— could not resist joining. He stripped, and want madly to work like the rest. When in a state in which apparently they might have committed any crime, the quieter ones of the party stepped in and soothed the rest, by changing the music from the drum to a milder instrument like a harp, and by making movements not unlike the passes practised to bring persons out of a mesmeric trance. Peace was thus gradually restored, some what to the relief of the audience, amongst whom a Jew, frightened from the court below, had taken refuge. His al arm was not unreasonable, considering that only a few years ago a member of his race was actually torn to pieces under similar circumstances. A very customary act of these people is to tear alive sheep to pieces and devour it on the spot. There are, it seem, three sects of this kind in Morocco. One of these is milder, the other even more extravagant, than the one which held Its religious meetings in the court yard of the British Missmn ; and it is not known for certain which of the three is the 'true sect, though it appears that on this occat-iov. the Mo erates enjoy the patron a g e of the Sultan. The Mission le Mekaps on the 14th August, and arrived at Tangier on th 18th, after a journey of exhaust ing heat. What the political raillts of the expedition may the continued in suggesting means i'or th' relief of the Moore from continued prestture of the Spaniards, remains to be seen. VAC WU% Of 4cirocc9 appear i ta In fi pm, of reficctical! SA Our summary announced the completion and opening of an additional section—from Sunbury to Woodend—of the Murray Main Trunk Railway. Almost from the date of that event the progress of the works on the line has been interrupted by one of those convulsions of the labour market known as a " strike." For reasons which we do not profess fully to understand, the contractors, about the end of last month, intimated to their workmen—the " navvies and other labourers"—their intention to reduce the wages from seven and eight to five shillings a day. This intima tion was, as a matter of course, received with considerable disapprobation by those most affected ; and, ultimately, a general turn out was the consequence of it. The " strike" commenced on Monday, the 22d of July, at Malmesbury, and rapidly extended along the line to Kyneton, and thence till it :reached Woodend. All the works have been at a standstill almost ever since. The first week the men kept quiet ; but at the commencement of the second week the city was startled by telegrams, announcing alarming riots on the part of the mon of a very serious character. On Mon day (29th) the " turn-outs" marched " up" the line (from Malmesbury) in a body numbering between five and six hundred able-bodied men ; and, ontheir way, they destroyed and injured a good deal of property belonging to the contrac tors. In the neighbourhood of Kyneton 25 trucks were smashed by being turned over the embankment; and cranes, picks, shovels, and barrows were similarly dealt with to a large extent. Not content with this, the mob assaulted Mr. Duxbury and Mr. Jackson, the sub-contractors for the Malmesbury and Kyneton sections of the line, whom they met early in their career on the first day of the strike. The first named gentleman was severely maltreated on the spot, and was with difficulty rescued by his foreman. Mr. Jack son, managing to stick to his horse, got away, and rapidly rode home to Kyneton. Thither, however, he was speedily followed, and the mob, having surrounded his house, de manded his appearance, threatening that if he did not some out they would pull down his house. Mr. Jackson presented himself, with a view to pacify the rioters, but he had hardly left his door when he was set upon by some ruffians and severely handled. Ho fortu nately managed to get away with less injury than his col league had received. The wickedly wanton spirit of the rioters was next shown in their unprovoked ill-treatment of two farming men whom they found working in a field, en tirely unconnected with the railway works. Elated ap parently by their success in mischief, they proceeded en masse to Woodend ; in whose vicinity we almost forgot to mention the repairers on the working line had, on the previ vious Saturday, been compelled to knock off after suffering some rough usage. Here, however, from some unaccount able cause, the large force did not resort to any violence; nevertheless their presence was regarded with some degree of apprehension. The Kyneton Mounted Volunteers were in the meantime called out, and a troop of .about 50 stanch yeomen, under the command of Capt. Tucker, rode into the township of Woodend, and by their presence (however much the judiciousness of their proceedings may be questioned) no doubt somewhat awed the lawless mob. The conduct of Mr. Lavender, the Kynetota police magistrate, was more than praiseworthy. He boldly met the mob, and learning from them their reason for the strike, he did all in his power to pacify them by exhorting them to order and respect for the law, and promising to proceed to town and lay their grievances before the Government. He had an interview with the Chief Secretary the next day, the result of which a body of the men calmly awaited, while the majority re turned to their tents. As it was to be expected, the reply of the Government to the representations of the men was that it was beyond their power to interfere between th. employers and the employed under the railway contracts— that the question of wages was one to be settled between themselves ; but that they must enforce the law by putting down disorder and violence by every moans in their power. On the return of Mr. Lavender from Melbourne, he was ac companied by Capt. Standish, the chief superintendent of police, and a strong reinforcement of constables. A guard was stationed at the several places where valuable stock and machinery were kept, and a detachment of police ac companied the repairers on the line used for traffic ; as un til such security was furnished the government workmen were afraid to resume operations. The mob, after hearing the decision of the government, acted on Mr. Lavender's advice, and peaceably dispersed, though with no disposition to "give in" to their employers. They complained bitterly of the reduction in their wages, saying, and with some show of truth, that it is altogether impossible to live on ss. a day, more especially as they are employed only two or three days in the week, because the contractors will not go on with the works during the wet weather ; and that as it had been raining almost incessantly about Kyneton and Woodend during the past five weeks, in that time they had not done more than a fortnight's work altogether. They expressed their determination to hold out for tb e higher rate of wages, and also to prevent others from going to work at the same. Many of them complained of being in debt to the storekeepers, and although they had money in hand they refused to pay it away, in their uncertainty of getting more. The value of the property destroyed by the rioters on on the occasion referred to has been estimated at between £2,000 and £3,000. The order that prevailed among the men at Woodend is in a great measure attributable to the presence of mind of Mr. Lavender, who appears to be very well liked among them. Of course the volunteers were commanded to return home upon the arrival of the police. Nothing more demonstrative than "monster meet ings" for the consideration of their grievances and for ex citing the sympathy of the general public, and particularly of the storekeepers, was heard of the turnouts for nearly a fortnight. But on the 13th inst., news reached town that a mob of about 200 had swept the line, and driven off the Go vernment workmen and their police escort. The response to this was, the immediate despatch to Gisborne and Wood end of a large armed force of police, under the immediate command of Capt. Standish, whose presence had the effect, if not of intimidating the rioters, at least of compelling them to maintain a quiet exterior. Some reports were cir culated of attempts to upset the night trains by placing obstructions on the line. Upon inquiry, some of those rumours were found to have their origin in fact; but whe ther the dastardly act of endangering the lives of passengers is to be laid to the charge of the strikers is still a matter of uncertainty. Government have offered a reward of £2OO for the apprehension of the offenders or any of their accomplices. Under the large body of police now stationed along the line the traffic is uninterrupted, and the Government work men carry on their operations without danger. It is be lieved by those who know them best that the strikers generally are not disposed to violence; but that there are some unscrupulous ruffians amongst them who, while tak ing good care to keep themselves clear of the police, are utterly regardless of the peril they may force their unfortu nate and less calculating companions into by exciting their passions. However, in order to put an end to the unhappy differences between the employer and the employed, an offer was made to the men on one section of the works of 7s. a day if they would return to their work. They were willing to accept the offer, but they would not return to work until they had consulted the whole of the turn-outs on the other sections. The dispute is therefore not yet arranged, but we have little doubt that after this last show of amity it soon will be at an end—at least we hope so. I think the following is about as good a sample of what we call Scotch "pawky" as any I know :—A country man had lost his wife and a favourite cow on the same day. His friends consoled him for the loss of his wife ; and being highly respectable, several hints and offers were made towards getting another for him. "Ou ay," he at length replied, " you're a' keen aneuch to get me anither wife, but no yin o' ye offer to gie me anither cow." —.Reminiscences of Scottish Life and Character. THE REGENERATING LOZENGE.--Medical science has brought to light a new and successful mode of administering remedies for spermatic regeneration, contained in a simple lozenge, known in tropical climates and throughout the world as THE TRIESMAR. The therapeutic properties of the re generating lozenge promote those albuminous and fibrinous secretions, which have the well-known power of at once re producing and enriching the fecundating fluid, when dete riorated from its natural consistency. In cases where ex cesses have been blindly yielded to, from almost uncontroll able impulse, a single course of this invaluable medicine will at once restore the ebbing powers, and re-energise the whole of the muscular and nervous system; there is no stage, how ever advanced, but immediate relief win be experien.ed' in suring health and manly vigour to the debilitated and ex hausted. The Triesmar can be taken at the will of the patient, being a simple regenerating lozenge, agreeable to the palate, o l Col an d unattended with any personal inconvenience. Those pu rchasing the aboilk medicine will derive the additional se o f the ot Royal ya Royal l ad vantage of medicar advice, either person a ll y or b y letter College of College Sur geons, of g e o (without ns, England,lr o from member and Licentiate Physicians, Edinburgh, who is registered under the new Medical Act, has devoted his exclusive studies to the above diseases, and is the discoverer of this great remedy. Post oflice orders to be made payable to William Medici's, and ad dressed to No. 19, Berners-street Oxford -street (next door to the Foreign LibrarY)where the W. the resident physi cian attends daily to give advice, between the hours of 11 and 4 o'clock. The medicine may be obtained,. securely packed and free from observation, as ab above. Prices 11s. per case, or four cases in one 33e., ei t• 1 C 4696 1 0 V 111 8 .41 120, ing it saying of lie., and la 40 MURDER OF A SIUDENT BY A SOLDIER CHICHESTER, OCT. 17. A fine young man, named Outon, a student of Bishop Otter's Training College, was shot last night at a little before 12 o'clock by a soldier. Police constable Pullen, who was on duty in Somers town, hearing the report of a rifle, followed by fearful screams, which he thought proceeded from the direction of the barracks, which are situate to the north part of the city, went immediately in that direction, returning by Oaklands, the seat of Mr. IL W. Freeland, M.P., when, shortly after passing Bishop Otter's College, he heard groans proceeding from an adjoining field, in which he found Outon lying on the ground in the greatest agony. The inmates of the college, some of whom had heard the report of the rifle, were shortly on the spot, and several persons who were passing rendered every assistance to convey the sufferer to the college, where he shortly afterwards expired, but not before he had stated that " he had been shot by a soldier, who sat on the gate, as he approached to get over the stile, and that after he had done it he ran off down the lane towards Deer Hole." No provoca tion was given by the young man, who was on his return from spending the evening with a respectable family in the city. The ball of the rifle passed through the abdomen and out at the back, but little blood escaping from the wounds. As may be imagined, the greatest excitement has existed in the city. Immediately on the discovery of the murder, Superintendent Everett communicated the fact to the commanding-officer of the garrison, Col. Wright, who, with great promptitude, sent out a body of soldiers in search of the murderer, for it was well known that a soldier named Cleary was at large and in the possession of his rifle and ball cart ridge. The grounds of Mr. 11. W. Freeland, M.P., were surrounded and scoured by detached parties without avail ; every house of bad repute in the city was searched without effect. '1 he number of mili tary was now increased to some 200 men, with a dozen cavalry, who were sent to scour the woods at Goodwood, Captain Valentine, the steward of the estate, lending the aid of the gamekeepers in the search, which continued without avail until twelve o'clock, when Mr. Henry Sadler, jun., of Hamp nett, found Cleary's rifle, loaded, and with a cap on, which he had evidently thrown away on getting clear of the city. This was found in the ditch of a water meadow, through which a pathway runs to join the main road leading to Arundel and Little hampton. At the time at which this is written the man is at large; still great hopes are entertained of his speedy capture. Outon is the son of a trades man, at Rowlands Castle, near Havant. Cleary, the soldier who shot him, is 21 years of age, stands five feet and three-quarters high, of sallow com plexion, - with dark brown hair and hazel eyes ; he has the mark of a scar in the middle of his right fore arm, with the letter Don the left side. He is a native of Ireland. He had on at the time of breaking out of the barracks a tunic coat or jacket, black cloth or regimental trousers, and took with him his rifle, with ten rounds of ball ammunition and his greatcoat. He bears a bad character in the 50th Regiment, to the depot of which he was attached. In October, 1861, he deserted ; after wards he was tried and convicted for stealing pro perty belonging to an officer. Very recently he has had six days' extra drill given him for bad conduct, for which it is conjectured he meant to have his revenge, but shot the wrong man. Bishop Otter's College is situate a short distance to the north-east of the city, the approach to it being up a darkish lane, called Love•lane. POLICE INIELLIGENCE, Oct. 17. MARYLEBONE.— THE CASE OF SKITTLE SHARPING.—THE RUSSIAN BARON.—Charles Mea dows and Henry Field were brought up and placed at the bar on remand, charged with conspiring to defraud Baron Freidericks, an officer in the Em peror of Russia's army, of the sum of £l7 in money and a gold watch. The particulars of the former examination of the prisoners have already appeared. It will also be remembered that another man named Moore was brought up with these two, and on the latter being placed in the dock, Mr. Mansfield said, there is another person, I believe, that was jointly charged with the two pri soners, but I believe there is some other engagement which requires him. _ Mr. Lewis, jun., who attended for the prisoners, said the man Moore, who was brought up with the parties whom he now attended for, had been taken on a habeas to Kingston, upon a conviction against which he has appealed. He now submitted that as the baron was not present to go on with his case, the prisoners must be discharged. They could not be kept in custody, because the other man had. been taken on the habeas. education: He is much addicted to the science of mathe matics. On one occasion three persons called by appoint • ment at the British Mission—a black man and two youths. The black man, a small and not intelligent-looking indivi dual, opened the conversation on mathematics and astro nomy, but he scan got out of his depth. The younger of the two students, an intelligent youth, with a fair share of Moorish blood in his veins, then came forward and asked several questions on points he did not understand—such as how the logarithmic numbers for sines and tangents were obtained. He Lad an English "Hutton's Tables," with their preliminary explanations ; and he had also a very neat manu script in Arabic—a translation of, or notes from, Hutton— which turned out to be the Sultan's own doing. He asked questions also regarding the variation of the compass,which were explained to him. He understood the use of the thee• dolite, and how to carry on a survey, and seemed a really intelligent young fellow. He also asked whether the English yard is any particular division of a degree, and approved of the French measures of distance and weights as affording facility for calculation. The other student said but little. It is a curious fact, however, teat these youths are pupils of the stuttering Sultan, and that their mathematics and modern teaching aro from him. LABOUR RIOTS IN AU,S7RALIA. (From the Melbourne Herald.) THE HOLY • LAND. A letter from Jerusalei tip 26th ult., says " Alarming news was awe el back brought here from Karak, on the confine s of Arabia Petrea— namely, that sanguinary col aids had taken place between the Mussulmans an. I the schismatic Greek Christians, and that among tI he latter several were killed and a considerable nut aber wounded. The wife of the famous Sheikhs A [oudjelli, Governor of Karak, who, until recently, re fused to recognise the authority of the Pasha at Jo rusalem, and to pay tribute, has been sent here tote.: xplain what occurred, and to demand prompt assista :4 ace. A column, con sisting of 400 soldiers, 200 Ba E .hi-Bazouks, and 200 Nizams, with one rusty only cannon, was immedi ately despatched to Hebron, i I.om which place it is to proceed to Karak, by way of the southern ex tremity of the Dead Sea. It is alleged, however, that these troops have not bee) i able.:to reach their destination because the Arabs I lave seized the passes in the mountain. In a few de ,ys the truth on this matter will be known. Heb) :on is a day's march from Jerusalem, but to go fr am Hebron to Karak three days are required ; the: last-mentioned place being on a steep mountain, it is difficult of access, and it has only one giite, situate at the entrance of a sort of tunnel passing- at the :foot of a fortress, which is extremely strong both by position and by art. The brether of Godfrey d e Bouillon (Baldwin) seized the place in 1115, and l ;ave it the name of Mont Real. It is also designate d ir t old chronicles as Crac, a corruption of Karak. S. tla h-ed-Dyn took the town from Renaud de Chatillot I, who disquieted the Mus sulman caravans on thei r way to Mecca. For a long time the Moholdans d.f . Egypt kept thei r trea sures in that fortress, w Inch was considered im pregnable. In the last cei Alines of the Church this town was made the seat o f a bishopric. Monsignor Meletios, vicar of the Orr eek schismatic patriarch, who almost resides at Con gtantinople, is now bishop of the see. The number• of the faithful is very small, and they are almost all grouped round a little church which was built in 18b0. In the town itself, where there are not altogether 2,000 Chritians, some Greek priests officiate, and they are almost as ignorant as their flocks, who have little more of Christianity than the town. The town, although rather large,, contains only about 7,000 inhabitants, most of th em Mussulmans. Generally the Christians live on wood terms with them, be cause there is difference between the two, either as regards morals or religion. In the place, among the Mussulman women, the singular usage prevails of having their children, if ill, baptized by Greek priests, their belief being that baptism will restore them to health. The Greek priests administer the sacrament in question without troubling themselves about the future religious career of the children. Some persons at Jerusalem think that the conflict at Karak between the Mussulmans and Christians has been got up in order to afford the Pasha a pre text for sending troops to cause the' authority of the Sultan to be recognised, and levy the taxes or tribute. On his part, the Sheikh Moudjelli, who is reconciled with the Ottoman authorities, will take advantage of the presence of the troops to attack certain Arab sheikhs who resist him and embarrass his arbitrary administration." COUN2.RY MARKETS. MANCHESTER—OcT. 17. English wheat was in fair demand, at an advanee of in to 2s per qr. ; foreign was held for 4d to 6d per 100 lb over former rates, which checked sales. English and foreign flour is per sack and barrel higher, but a limited business done. Oats and oatmeal unchanged. Egyptian beans and Indian corn is to 2s dearer. BIRMINGHAM—OcT. 17. At to-day's market th ere was a short supply of English wheat from the farmers, and new qualities advanced 2s per qr. Old and foreign descriptions held for is more money. In barley, oats, and beans the trade ruled slow, but unaltered in value. Peas at is to 2s per quarter above last week's currencies. PLYMOUTH—OCT. 15. The market was well attended, with a good demand for wheat at 2s 4d per qr advance. Flour is higher. White wheat, 60s to 62s ; red, 566 to 57s per qr ; French do., 60s to 628; American, 61s to 638; Spanish, 74s to 76s ; Rus sian, 60s to 625. Barley at about late rates--36s to 43s per qr for malting ; grinding, 32s to 36s ; oats, 248 to 28s ; and beans, —s to —8 ; flour, 44s to 478 6d. CORK—OcT. 16. The following were the quotations this morning :—Red wheat, 18s 6d to 28s 9d; white, 21s Od to 31s 6d; barley 8s Od to 18s 6d ; oats, 4s Od to .14s 4d. EDINBURGH GRAIN—Ocr. 16. Wheat on the top 6s Od up average 4s 7d up. Barley on the top is 6d up.... average is ld up. Oats on the top Os 3d down average Os 3d down. Beans on the top Os 6d down, average Os 2d down. Averages per Imperial quarter. • Wheat.... New wheat . .. Barley 1 15 1 0-12tha Oats 1 8 2 4-12ths Beans Total Supply and Sales. Wheat........ 1168 qrs Sold 950 qrs Barley.. lBl3 qrs Sold 1389 qrs Outs 1125 qrs Sold 1077 qrs Beans ll5 qrs Sold 50 qrs DERBY SMITHFIELD—OcT. 15. An average number of fat beasts to-day, and the demand was fair for line qualities at former prices. A less supply of sheep, generally of good quality, and realising high prices. The supply of calves was short, and readily dib posed of. Pigs in large supply. Beet 6d to 6 3 / 4 d 1 Veal 7ld toBI Mutton .... 7d ,to7l d Pork .. 6d to 6td Lamb .. 7id to 8d Rough fat 4s 8d per stone. Hides, 3d to 41d; calf skins, 5d to 6d. FOREIGN HAIL PACKET LIST. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Oct, 19. via Marseilles Oct. —. Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Nov. 1. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. —. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton .. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 19. _ . ... via Marseilles Oct.:—. India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 20. Lisbon Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct.;—. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet Oct. 24: by U.S. packet • . by Canadian packet Oct. 16. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Oct. 10. Bahamas, via New York Oct. 24. Mexico ....0ct. 29. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, California,snd British Columbia.. I Oct. 29. Henry Erskine's best things have unfortunately been murdered in the jest books. Ido not think his neat remark to Walter Scott after he got his clerkship of Session has been in print. The scheme to bestow it on him had been begun by the Tories, but (most honourably) was com pleted by the Whigs, and after the fall of the latter, Harry met the new clerk, and congratulated him on his appoint ment, which he liked all the better, as it was a " Lay of the Last Ministry."—Reminiscences of Scottish Life and Cha racter. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills.—Good Appetite. —Excellent Digestion.—ln the majority of persona loss of appetite is the first indication of departing health, and should at once receive attention, or actual disease will follow. For the cure of disordered digestion and liver complaints, Holloway's excellent Pills are probably un rivalled, certainly unsurpassed. The invalid will: never experience disappointment or failure in the removal of his ailment by means of these purifying Pills. On reaching the stomach theyimmediately correct heartburn, flatulency, and undue acidity; they secure the secretion of perfect bile, and passing into the intestinal canal they gently arouse it to natural activity without producing pain, irritation, or exhaustion. For these reasons Holloway's Pills are pecu. Early well adapted for a family aperient. BIRTHS. Bunnows.—On the 16th inst., at Woolwich, the wifo of Colonel Burrows, RA., of a daughter. D AV I E S o — f O t h e n R the ov. 11. h L i i ri e tat 18, Bla n df or d- square , th e wife n Davie s , o f a d aug ht er . .tSwi, y HENDREY.—On the 17th inst., at 118, Warwick-street, Pimlico, the wife of James Hendrey, Esq., of a son. TROIIGHTON.—On the 16th inst., at Stoke Newington, the wife of Donald S . Troughton, EsT., of a daughter. MARRIAGES. CUBIT T — BLAKISTON.—On the 16th inst., at Thorpe, near Norwich, Frank Astley Cubitt, Esq., Captain sth Fusi liers, eldest son of the Rev. F. Wm. Cubitt, M.A., of Fritton House, Suffolk, to Bertha Harriet, the youngest daughter of the late Thomas Blakiston. Esq., Comman der R.N., and niece of Sir Matthew Blakiston, Bart. EDMISION—LAY.—On the 17th inst., at Camberwell, Mr. G. D. Edmiston, of Glengall-terrace, Old Kent-road, to Sarah Amelia, eldest daughter of James Lay, Esq., of Addington-square, Camberwell, and 4 4 , Poultry, Lon don, solicitor, DEATHS. AzNrrr.—On the 155 h inst., at 32, Edwardes-square, Ken sington, Mrs. Maria C. Arney, aged 75. BURT.—On the 15th inst., at 10, Bloomfield-road, Maida hill, Ann Rebecca, relict of A. H. Burt, E asq . :emelia:rtaosr: formerly of Essex .street, St rand, a g ed 57, COLMAN.—On the 15th ins t., at Canonbur y - place, Edwd. Habben Colman, of 4 , C ullum-street, city, z aged 41. - DONALDSON,—On the e 14t 7th h inst., at Fulham, Vance Young Donaldson, Esq., lat FL E TCHER.—On the Esq., aged 73. HUI inst., at 5, Hi gh b ury-grange, Th omas Fletcher, 5 Regt. SMITH.—On the 16th inst., at Amblesido, Jas. A. Smith, Esq., R.N. `YARD.—On the 14th inst., John. Ward, Esq., of Hat field Peveril, Essex, aged 85. CONDOM Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TUE SUN Office, No. 112,Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, In the County of jiliddloleu, Friday, October 18,1861. ■rik..~