The Sun. — London, England, 1861-04-24 00:00:00

Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Moo g, 12h. 58 m. —Afternoon, lh. 20m. To-monßoW.-Norning, lh. 4 6m.—Afternoon, 2h. 7m. --- - - THR WEATHER.—sun OFFICE, APRIL 24, 1561 THERMOMETER, IN THE sHAD7, 52—highest since noon yesterday. 37—lowest this morning and during the night. 67—this day at noon. BAnomwrzn-30.05. WIND — W. - N.-Westerly —light, with fine weather. .• ;,liz,v, 1 : .. 1 : A: 47 j/ , , * 4 , 1 ' %. " — '77 - 4 ,...,‘ 1 • - -, , ....., c . , ..- - - , ..- -- ' 0 , v '''''' , r.( ` ) .— c d. , ~, -_--- .. ~, 2, I t „ re -...-,,... THE SUN. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 24, 186 A BRUTUS and CASSIUS Quarrel has just now, it will be seen—to the affliction of all Italy —sprung up between CIALDINI and GARIBALDI. On CIALDINI'S part, it is impossible not to recog nise that there is grievous jealousy at the bottom of it. The overshadowing reputation of the greatest of all living Adventurers (to use that phrase of Adventurers in no invidious senseYdwarfs all that comes beside it, even the soldierly fame of the high and mighty General CIALDINI, by comparison. Not an Italian amongst them all—countless though the number of brave men now on that heroic soil, in arms for the vindication of the independence of the whole Roman Peninsula—not an Italian amongst them all but might exclaim now in GARIBALDI'S regard, speaking in the very words uttered by CASSIUS in SHAKSPERE'S glorious tragedy of Julius Cour— "Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world Like a Colossus ; and we petty men Walk under his huge legs, and peep about To find ourselves dishonourable graves. Yesterday we gave insertion in our columns to General CIALDINI'S petulant, or rather, it should be said, intemperate and, even in parts, insolent, communication to GARIBALDI. In that letter the Piedmontese General, recalling to mind the friend ship and admiration he had always professed (shall we say ?—had always affected) for GARIBALDI, de clares that the last acts of that great warrior had at length so painfully influenced him (CIALDINI) that -- But we will let CIALDINI speak for himself. We will not interpose one moment for the sake of becoming the' Sexton" to his " Dogberry." He can write himself down "an ass" quite easily. Mark what follows. He continues thus in his pitiable letter to GARIBALDI,—" All my affection for you has disappeared, and I have become your political ad versary. We are not disposed to bear your tyranny. You are reproached with having given orders to Colonel TRIPOLI to receive us with musket shots in the Abruzzi." GARIBALDI'S reply—though begin ning haughtily in these words " strong in my conscience as an Italian soldier and citizen, I will not descend to justify myself against these accusations, as by so doing I should fail in respect to the KTNG and the army"—avowing, indignantly, in regard to this extraordinary accusation, " I know nothing of the orders said to have been given by me to Colonel TRIPOLI." Reverting, however, to General CIALDINI'S outrageous attack (in the form of a wretched bullyragging letter) upon GARIBALDI. We find the Piedmontese Com mander-in- Chief's communication actually running on to these lengths :—" You have reason," says this Bobadil, " to boast of your great and marvellous enterprise [rather!] but you exaggerate its results. When we arrived you were at the Volturno, in a very bad condition. The fall of Capua, Gaeta, Messina, and Civitella del Tronto, was not brought about by your operations. 56,000 Bourbon soldiers were beaten and dispersed by us. It is, therefore, incorrect to say that you have delivered the king dom of the Two Sicilies. An army and fleet took some part in the work of destroying more than half the Neapolitan army, and also took four fortresses. I believe I know the army suf ficiently well to be sure that it shares the feeltngs of disgust and grief which the in temperance displayed by you and your party have raised in my mind." GARIBALDI'S " intern- perance," forsooth! The " intemperance" of GARI 13ALDI and of his Garibaldians ! CIALDINI had better look at home first while in the very act of hurling against his Giant Antagonist these petty and most paltry accusations! The Piedmontese General might learn something in the way of prudent self respect if the following couplet of Sir WALTER SCOTT'S were but translated into choice Italian for his special advantage " Let women, Edward, war with words, With curses monks—BUT MEN WITH SWORDS I" Elsewhere we give the pith and marrow of GARIBALDI'S proud and disdainful reply to the c ontemptible gibes and outrages directed against his i by the Piedmontese Generalissimo. That reply will be found to be exactly what might have been expected prom General GARIBALDI under the cir cumstance,,, sets seendint aside with l is as temperate as the document it quiet scorn ig th e ver y reverse . Cond vaunts of hi s tteeto r i allude to the b ragga d oe i ose n regard to what CI ALDINI deemed the wretched plight in which the Sardinian ttini7 found the littl e ,the tents of GARIBALDI'S dauntless Volunteers mat Adventurer con t.nts himself with rem a oa n when on a 3 vc:at tildn: wo,hvaetwhgle.sr---eli'nltaibszetotnrudoititohlaLt,,, He might haTa heroes foremost of the world's precluded(a mode styA : h o L n i ai ) o fth abso lutely from saying, that He ep. had, n single-handed, as it were, struck down the wa litan Monarchy to the dust—that he had 1, urok en the neck of Southern Despotism so that ClALtim and his army of Sardinians might carve up the dead and prostrate carcass after wards i GARIZeiLDI contents himself instead with casting back THEATRE-ROYAL, 11AYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Backstone. THIS EVENING, the performances will comment* with a new and original Comedy, entitled BLACK SHEEP. Mr. Buckstone, Hr. Compton, Mr. Howe, Jul. ; Mrs. wilkins, Mrs. Charles Young, Miss Lovell, &c. After which, will be revived, with entirely new scenery and effects, and all the orictinal music by the late Sir Henry Bishop, the melodrama of 7 rHE MILLER AND HIS MEAT. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-- Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, THRICE MARRIED. Messrs. Shore, Meadows, Garden, and Miss C. Leclereq. Followed by HAMLET. Hamlet, Mr. Pechter. Sup ported by Hermann Vezin, Ryder, Meadows, ctc. ; Misses Heath, Elsworthy, and B . ',mem. EW THRATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.— Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING the new drama, MAGLIORE, THE PRESTIGITATOR. Messrs. B. Webster, J. L. Toole, D. Fisher, erc.; Miss K. Kelly, Miss H. Simms, &c. To be followed by a new apropos Sketch, THE CENSUS. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Eburne, Romer, C. J. Smith ; Miss Nate Kelly, Miss E. Vhorne, and Mrs. Chatterley. After which, THE FOOL OF THE FAMILY. Mr. Paul Bedford, C. J. Smith, Eburne, Miss Laidlaw, and Miss Julia Daly. CANTERBURY-HALL CONCERTS!! Westminster-road. Proprietor........C. Morton. A Grand Selection from Verdi's new Opera, IL CORSARO, (This opera has never been produced in this or any other country, except at these Concerts), having met with that de cided success which charactisei the most popular works of this great Master, will be performed EVERY EVENING ; together with a Selection from LA FIGLIA DEL REGGI -14 NTO, by Donizetti, Principal Artistes—Miss Russell, Madame Maria, Mis s Tyrrell, Mr. H. Herbert, Signor Tivoli, H. Drummond, and C. W. Bernard. Director, aar. F. Jon_ghmans. The Comic Department comprises Messrs. E. Marshall, A. B. Holling sworth, J. Blanchard, F. Bell, W. H. Welland, and the Brothers Conrad. John Martin's Three celebrated Pictures will remain on viewblish a sho m rt time longer in the Fi ne Arts Gallery of the Estaent. CAS. I am. Buu. I say you are not. CAS. Urge me no more, I shall forget myself; Have mind upon your health, tempt me no further, Buy. Away, slight man CAS. Is't possible ? Brutus; I said an elder soldier, not .a better Did 1' say, bettor? BRIT. If you did, I care not. Cis. Da not presume too much upon my love ; I may do that I shall be sorry for. Buy. You have done that you should be sorry for. There is no terror, Cassius., in your threats; FOR I AM ARM'D SO STRONG IN HONEMTY, THAT THEY PASS BY ME AS THE IDLE WIND, WHICH I RESPECT NOT. Are not every one of those familiar and noble and eminently beautiful words of BRUTUS, exquisitely applicable at the present moment, when placed, as we are now placing them, in the mouth of GARI BALDI ? And as to the very mission with which GARIBALDI has recently hastened to Turin from his Cincinnatian or Washingtonian re treat in Caprera—that mission being simply the maintenance of the interests and the vindication of the rights of his valiant companions in arms, the historic band of Volunteers or GARI BALDIAXS—may we not, in distinct reference to that mission, cite here the very words that im mediately afterwards follow, transferring them (bodily as they stand upon SHAKSPERE'S page) from the mouth of BRUTUS to the mouth of GARI BALDI? GARIBALDI is addressing himself variously to the representatives, whether military or diplomatic, of the Piedmontese Government : BRU. I . did send to you For certain sums of gold, which you denied rae ; For I can raise no money by vile means ; By heaven, I'd rather coin my heart, And drop my blood for drachmas, than to wring From the hard hand of peasants their vile trash By any indirection I—/ - did send To youfor gold to pay my legions, (Cassius) ? Which you denied me : was that done like Cavour Should I have answeed Cialdini (Caius Cassius) so ? When Garibaldi (Marcus Brutus) grows so covetous, To lock such rascal counters from his friends, Be ready, gods, with all your thunderbolts, Dash him to pieces I Our too easy prediction has been verified to the letter. Not fewer than 279 members of the British House of Commons voted themselves cowards Voted that they dared not face the unbought or un controlled votes of those who had elected them. Voted that they could not venture to stand upon their merits. Voted that, that if the electors gave their suffrage freely and indifferently, it might appear that their present so-called representatives were unfit to represent them. What an exhibition is this before all Europe of what our boasted re presentative Government really is Last night our House of Commons proclaimed to all the States who have just acquired representative constitu tions, and to those who are struggling to regain constitutions they have lost, that a large majority of the House relied solely on unworthy influences for their position. Two hundred and seventynine members tell all Europe that they are afraid of the electors. We amused ourselves among the first things this morning, by turning to our great Anti• Ballot contemporary, to see whether any fresh arguments were to be found against us. The " great dis couragement inflicted by the break down of the American Republic," was of course one. But we must really ask our contemporary to make its choice whether there is the Ballot in America or not. It has written column after column to prove that a real Ballot, such as Mr. BERKELEY asks, such as is in practice in Australia, does not exist in America. But directly America goes wrong, it is assumed that there is a Ballot_ there, and that the " break down" is due to the Ballot ! The 7imes cannot play fast and loose with facts in this way. If the Times stands by its old reiterated state ments, Mr. BERKELEY has no reason to be dis couraged by the American " break down" what ever. If the Times has been right hitherto, the Ballot can have nothing to do with it. 1 But if we allow our contemporary the conve nience of playing on the blacks as well as the whites, and admit, which we do, that to the extent to which the Americans 'wish, they have on most occasions and in most States a free ballot, though not so perfect a one as it might be,were independence less common than it is—we may yet challenge our contemporary to the proof that the Ballot has any thing to do with " the break down." The negative evidence on the point is really conclusive, for never could there have bees greater political excitement, more virulent charges and accusations, and louder demands to "amend" the constitution; yet amidst all this no one North or South has uttered one word against the Ballot. The Democrats were defeated so grievously that they justify secession by their defeat, yet they do not dream of charging their defeat on the Ballot. They ask for amendments in the Federal Constitu tion, and they construct a new one, with some im poi tent, probably wise, political differences from the old one, yet no one ever mentions giving up the Ballot. Whatever is to be modified, whatever is to go to wreck in this " break down," the Ballot —the symbol and instrument of electoral indepen- dence—is to be preserved. It really eeems like the indestructible, sterling metal, which is found bril- liant, free even from rust, after a shipwreck or conflagration have destroyed so much around it. There seems something spicy, however, if not very solid, in the observation that "Mr. H. BERKELEY has devoted his life to vindicate the right of every rogue to vote as he Pleases." We naturally, however, add, "and not to vote as another rogue pleases." yy 0 vtvtsinlY should not be much concerned to we, his unworthy assailant the 'violent words of objur gation so unbefitting a soldier-contemporsiy. Apply the position now occupied in regard to each other by CIALDINI and GARIBALDI to that traced out by the master hand of SHAKSPERE be tween CASSIUS and BRUTUS—two elder soldiers of that same Italian soil : reading for Cassius— CIALDINI, and for Brutus—GARIBALDI. CASSIUS. Brutus, bay not me,-- I'll not endure it : you forget yourself, To hedge me in ; I am a soldier, I, Older in practice, abler than yourself To make conditions. BRUTUS. GO to; you are not, CUSSiILS. BRIT. Hear me, for I will speak I Must .1 give way and room to your rash choler ? Shall Ibe frighted when a madman stares ? CAS. 0, ye gods 1 ye gods ! must I endure all this ? BRr. All this I ay, more : fret till year proud heart break ; Go show your slaves how choleric you are, And make your bondmen tremble. Must I budge ? Must I observe you ? must I stand and crouch Under your testy humour ? By the gods, You shall digest the venom of your spleen, Though it do split youl for, from this day forth, . I'll use you for my mirth, yea, for my laughter, When you are waspish. CAS. Is it come to this ? BRU. You say you are a better soldier : Let it appear so ; make your vaunting true, And it shall please me well ; for mine own part, I shall be glad to learn of noble men. CAs. You wrong me; every way you wrong me, , :THE SITN, ',I‘:LONtoON, WEDNESDAY VENLNG, APRIL 24, 1861. ' since his accession to the throne,ipecially in the great measure of the emancition of the serfs, are a certain token of his desire realise like wise the ameliorations admitted b3ho state of things in Poland. It is only to be wish that he may not be prevented from so doing by mifestations of such a nature as to place the dignitg the politi cal interests of the Russian Empires antagonism with the tendencies of its Sovereign It is true that France, like Englal, could not, without kindling a general war, affd military aid to Poland. But France as well t England can afford valuable moral aid. There isiuch reason to hope that ALEXANDER 11. is not extly the man to defy the moral sense of Europ especially as expressed by England and Franc Bad as the late massacres, therefore have been it is wiser not to refer them directly to the Czazill he compels us to do so. Let them be the minanagement of subordinates. Let the CZAR be ealt with as an emancipator of serfs, and, therelre, a ruler from whom Poland may have hope—atve all, let the attitude of the Poles be that of to Hungarians. Let them restrain themselves ; at them ask for undeniable treaty rights—the ries of 1815 first, let them do this peacefully, and heir turn must come. 113 E EARL OF DIRBY. PHOTOGRAPHED BY MAZALL. A magnificent series of photographic portraits has with this remarkable picture teen commenced. Mr. Mayall is evidently bent upor surpassing him self—and London, more particula?ly the west-end of London, knows well enough 'ay this time his already high repute, his many bril.iant, and some of them really extraordinary, successes as a photo grapher. The series, of which the production here designedly Eti AIWA? r.s2X,iggigraDitu lie with "the counterfeit presentment" of our leading men of eminence. And it begins, not inappropriately, with one of the foremost men in all England, the noble earl the late Premier, now Leader of her Majesty' Opposition, and the leader once more (not impossibly ere long) of her Britannic Majesty's Government. It is a grand, noble, vigorous face in its way—severe in its expression, but full of genius and of intensity—keen, clear, piercing intelligence in the eagle eye—resolute determination in every line about the mouth the very character of countenance one would expect to find as the reflec tion of Lord Derby upon the mirror of the pho tographer. We heartily wish success to Mr. Mayall's new and truly admirable enterprise. SHAILESPRA_RE'S BIRTHDAY. STRATFORD-ON-AVON, Tuesday. William Shakespeare's birthday was comme morated with the customary festive demonstrations in his native town to-day. The people of Strat ford are always ready to do honour to their renowned fellow-townsman, and this anniversary is kept by them as a sort of holiday year after year. Since the withdrawal of the Shakespeare bequest, which was intended by the testator for aid ing the birthplace committee in restoring, improv ing, and endowing the house in which the gentle bard was born, it has thrown them on the assistance of the public in carrying out these objects ; but several pleasing improvements have been made in the gardens of the house during the last year. Genuine scions of the celebrated mulberry-tree have been there planted, a raised terrace made, and parterres and walks laid out with good taste. Two cornice stones have been introduced from the once famous residence in Nov-place, and such other mementoes as will rernird the visitors of the sur roundings of the house, as they really were in the poet's lifetime. No little interest was excited to day by the exhibition of a portrait of " Sweet Will" himself, from which it ii alleged the bust in the chancel of Stratford Chtr-ch, familiar to every pil grim to his shrine, was originally copied. This picture is the only copy representing the bard in the same costume as that of the bust, which Chan trey and Bell considered was moulded from a cast " from life." Both portrait and bust exhibit the bard with light hazel eyes, auburn hair and beard, and scarlet doublet, covered by a black silk gown, without any sleeves. The bust has within the last few weeks been so restored that the whity brown pigment placed over it by Malone has been removed, and the colours of the bust, corresponding with those of the portrait, are now exposed to view. Mr. W. 0. Hunt, town clerk, the owner of the picture, at first thought of presenting it to the British Museum, or National Gallery, but as grave doubts have been cast upon its originality, it was determined to leave it in the lands of the Birth place Committee, until its genuineness or otherwise has been finally set at rest. The first annual dinner of the London Warwick shire Men's Shakspeaxean Club" took place last evening at Anderton's Hotel, Fleet-street,--Mr. G. Linn Fens Banks in the chair, supported by George C ruikshank, Esq., Dr. Lockhart, Messrs. G. W. Simpson, J. M. Philp, Thomas Whetstone, James Abbott, R. H. Hopwood, J. C. Onions, Handley, W. Gilchrist, Knibb, S. Payn e , Cheesewright, J. Powell, &c.,—in all about 60. Letters of apology for non-attendance were read fram Mr. Scholefield, Esq., M.P. ; George Augustus Sala, Esq., and several other gentlemen who oad promised to be present. The toast of the evening was given by the chairman in a mcst able and eloquent speech of nearly an hour's length, and was afterwards drunk in solemn silence. The toast of the " Drama," Pro fession," the "Press,": the " Histrionic Ctairman" &c., were veLockhart, 'Mr. Cruik shank, Mr. Handley, Mr. Simp son , & c . D ur i ng s ,, e En r g a l l i l s y h p A r r o t po a s n e d d A by Artists," Dr.sts , the evening a snuff box was handed round, cut from the well-known Shakespsre elm, in the pos session of Mr. J. C. Onions, Government bellows maker, Birmingham. THE POPE AN]) THE KING OF ITALY The following is the text of tha protest which the Pope lately caused to be addressed to all the repre sentatives of foreign Powers at his Court against the title of "King of Italy" essumed by Victor Emmanuel : "home, April 15. " A Catholic King, forgetful of every religious principle, in contempt of all right, trampling ander foot all law, after having by degrees despoiled the august chief of the Catholic Church of the largest and most flourishing part of his lawful possessions,, now takes the title of King of Italy. By this he wishes to put the seal on the sacrilegious usurpa tions which he has already accomp ished, and which his Government has manifested the intention of completing at the expense of the patrimony of the Holy See. _ _ _ "Although the Holy Father had solemnly pro tested against each fresh enterprise by which his sovereignty was attacked, he is not the less obliged to make a fresh protest against the at by which a title is assumed, the object of which s to legitima tise the iniquity of so many anterior ones. " It would be superfluous to mention here the sanctity of the possession of the patrimony of the Church and the right of the Sovereign Pontiff over that patrimony--a right incontestably re cognised at all times and by all Governments ; and whence it follows that the Holy Father can never admit the title of King of Italy, which the King of Sardinia arrogates to himself since that title is opposed both to justice and to the sacred property of the Church. Not only can he not re cognise it, but still more he protests in the most absolute and formal manner against such a usurpation. " The undersigned Cardinal Secretary of State begs your Excellency to make Mown to your Go vernment this act made in the name of his Holi ness, feeling assured that it willadmit the absolute propriety of it, and that by joining in such a deter mination it will contribute by it; influence to bring about an end to that abnormal star, ofof things which has for so long a time desolate' the unfortunate Italian peninsula. " It is with these feelings, dm. "Cardigil ANTONELLI." DECAY OF THE STONE WORK OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND.—The stone employed in tie building of the ex terior of the Bank of England has manifested evidence of a rapid decay, of a similar character to that which has re cently become so apparent in the stoneused in the erection of the new Houses of Parliament. Vith a view to arrest the insiduous progress of the decompo►ition, the coating of a newly-invented composition is now, bp , way of experiment, in course of being applied t 3 the surfiao of that portion of the building in Threadneedle-street treating the Royal Ex change, where the principal entrant' is situated. The buildings of tho establishmentof the Balk of England were erected in 1732, enlarged in 1771, iro?roved in 1706, and partly rebuilt in 1814, Commons. The "Bribery and Corrupt Practices Protection Act" is now to be renewed. It is to be a little altered on the report of the committee which sat upon it. That committee had some very pertinent evidence from persons of unquestionable experience in regard to the Ballot ; yet not a single word would they say on it in the Report, and they had even the un-English unfairness to- exclude from the com mittee the recognised leader on the question ! How deep must be their fear of knowledge on so im portant a subject !—indeed, nothing can surpass the cowardice of the House in regard to the Ballot. 279 of the members confess, by their votes, their fear for themselves personally—they confess such fear as leads them to refuse even to look at the dreadful Bill; and when they appointed a committee on electoral practices, they first refused to put Mr. BERKELEY on it, next refused to hear evidence proffered them on behalf of the Ballot, and, lastly, even to report on the evidence which found its way into the blue-book against their will ! Lest our readers should overlook it, we quote the part of Mr. BERKELEY'S speech which gives a very brief summary of that evidence : " The way in which the committee had flirted with the question of the ballot was remarkable. Evidence had been adduced before them, but had not been reported upon, on which they could not turn their back. Mr. James Vaughan, Chief Commissioner of the Gloucester and Ber wick inquiries, stated, when examined before the select committee in regard to secret voting, that he did not think any man would have been disposed to give a bribe without knowing how the recipient was to vote. Mr. Welford, another of the Glocester Commissioners, also said that in no case had a voter who was bribed been trusted with the money before he voted ; and that persons had been sent to watch how bribed electors voted. In reply to another question the same witness said he thought that persons at Glocester would not have advanced their money to a large number of electors unless they had been sure of haying their votes for it; and he added that voters were suspicious as well as the canvassers, and would not vote till the bribes they were to receive were made safe. Mr. Sergeant Pigott, Chief Commissioner at the Wakefield bribery in quiry, gave it as his opinion that the ballot would have prevented a species of undue influence in that borough. Again, Mr. E. James, as a witness, assured the committee that the ballot would not prevent bribery in small consti tuencies, but he thought it would be an effectual preventi tive of intimidation. Mr. Phinn, who had been one of the commissioners upon the St. Alban's inquiry, and who had a large Parliamentary practice, was of opinion that the ballot would be the best preventive of bribery, and the late Mr. Coppock had expressed to him a similar opinion. Mr. Rose, the agent of the Carlton Club, had no confidence in the ballot, but he admitted that the Corrupt Practices Preven tion Act had become almost a nullity. Mr. Childers, for merly a member of the Australian Legislature and now a member of the House of Commons, gave his experience of the working of the ballot in Australia, which he said ren dered voting substantially secret. In one constituency notoriously corrupt the introduction of the ballot had effected a complete change, bribery and treating becoming almost extinct. That witness added that the ballot system of voting had given universal satisfaction in the colony. Mr. Philpot, of Glocester, was of opinion that the Australian system of ballot would be the most effectual mode of remedy ing existing evils in this country arising from bribery and intimidation. Sir F. Slade, a Parliamentary counsel, doubted the efficacy of the ballot; 'but Captain Clark, R.E., formerly a member of the Australian Legislature, confirmed the evi dence of Mr. Childers as to its operation in that colony. Mr. W. Wise, of Norwich, election agent, did not ap prove the ballot, but recommended a system of private voting. That witness remarked that tenants upon large estates did not desire the ballot, as they liked their land lords to know how they voted. It did not seem to have occurred to any member of the committee to ask whether the tenants would like their landlords to know how they voted when they went against the landlord's candidate. Such was the evidence given before the committee upon the subject of the ballot, but why the ballot formed no por tion of the report was not for him to explain." No explanation was needed; every one of Mr. BERKELEY'S hearers was able to give it—'Tis " the Ballot that makes cowards of us all." We read, as written with friendly intentions, a short article which we published yesterday, from the Monzteur, in relation to Poland. The sym pathy of France with that unhappy country is traditional, and the NAPOLEONS, with their founder, all acknowledge that not reconstituting the king dom of Poland was a grave mistake. Poles have lived much in Paris, and the name of WALEWSRI denotes its origin. The late events at Warsaw, therefore, could but deeply interest the Parisian public, as well as our own. Indeed our chief, inte rest, is that of our indignant hatred of despotism and oppression ; France unites to some measure of this a personal feeling towards a large number of Poles who have served in her armies, and made that country their home. Hence the Parisian press must reflect so general a feeling. " But,"says the Moniteui " these expressions of interest would ill serve the Polish cause if they had the effect of mis leading public opinion by allowing it to be sup posed that the Emperor of the French encourages hopes which he could not satisfy. The generous ideas displayed by the Emperor Alexander the rogues from each other. Only as rogues, in this matter, could hardly exist, if Rogue No. 11. could not be supervised by Rogue No. 1., the advan tage of Rogue No. IL, voting as he pleases, is, that both would turn honest because roguery was useless. It would be humble virtue we confess ; the virtue of the late ROBERT OWEN'S theory—the creature of " circumstances." Still humble virtue would be better than flagrant vice. We need hardly add that what Mr. BERKELEY has devoted his life to, is preventing Rogue No. I. from bribing or intimidating as he pleases, and that what his opponent of the Press devotes its columns of banter to, is, enabling Rogue No. I. to enjoy "oversight" of his neighbour's vote ; to "control" it, and to make him "fear the consequences" of voting as he pleases. For, when our con temporary represents Mr. BERKELEY as seek ing freedom for rogues to " vote without public oversight, public control, or fear of consequences," there can be no doubt that the Times, by a mis print similar to that of the other day, reversed its meaning —it should have been "private oversight," and "private control" the control and over sight being always that of those who have bought the vote in a borough and commanded it in a county ; and the consequences feared being losing a bribe at the next election, or losing a farm at the expiration of the next lease. The " oversight and control" requisite to Rork this system is of course chiefly private. Debate there was none this time. The mover and seconder spoke, and the house divided. It ought not to have been let off so easily. It might have had the adjourned debate on the Budget as well as not, for they left work at eight o'clock, though this was probably arranged by the Govern m.,„#(ln*+naitinn u4l; n a motion on the Admiralty equal ly distastefu l al to official men and those who might become so before the year was out. Mr. BERKELEY had, of course, no more idea than we had, of his carrying his motion ; even leave to introduce a Bill, when it was one for undeniable Reform, is too much. On other Bills a controversy may be raised, even Liberals might doubt, as we do, the advantage of extending the suffrage without extending electoral protection to the new voters as well as to the old ones; but, that independent voting would be a clear and permanent reform no man in his senses doubts, least of all do those doubt it who vote against it, and hence it is forbidden even to appear and explain itself to the house. Much more than half the sages of St. Stephen's could, we believe, give no consistent account of how the ballot is to be conducted. This, however, they know—that it is intended to make bribery and coercion useless ; that is enough. They know how they got where they are, and they are wiser than to knock down the ladder by which they climbed into the House o . LATEST NE MT TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE. CHINA. AND JAPAN. SHANGHAI, MARCH 6, The Yang-tse expedition arrived at Nankin on Feb. 21. Everything, so far, had proceeded satis factorily. The frost continues at Tien-tsii. The French and the Hon. Mr. Bruce's despatches have been sent to Europe via Chefoo. A famine prevails at Pekin. The insurgents are gaining ground. - _ Intelligence from Japan states that the English, French, and Dutch Ministers had been invited and had returned to Jeddo. Business operations at Shanghai are restricted, SINGAPORE, MARCH 23, Advices from Saigon to the 14th inst. state that since the affair of the 24th February there had been no further hostilities. The Siamese Government have determined to send an Embassy to France. THORN, APRIL 24, Several arrests have taken place at Warsaw, in consequence of the singing of patriotic songs in the churches. In the manufacturing town of Lodz the German manufacturers broke into the houses of their Jewish competitors on the night of the 21st inst., and entirely demolished their factories. The peasants in the immediate neighbourhood came to the assistance of the Jews, and a sanguinary conflict ensued. One person was k; 11 - 1 •ThA many woundecl TURIN, APRIL 23, A letter from Garibaldi, in reply to that addressed to him by General Cialdini, has been published to day. Garibaldi says :—" Strong in my conscience as an Italian soldier and citizen, I will not descend to justify myself against these accusations, as by so doing I should fail in respect to the King and the army. I know nothing of the orders said to have been given by me to Colonel Frapoli. I gave orders that the Italian soldiers of the Northern army should be received as brothers, although I knew that that army had come to put down the revolution, which, according to the words addressed by Signor Farini to Napoleon 111., was personified in me. I believe that in my quality of Deputy I have stated to the Chamber a few of the wrongs which the Southern army has sustained at the hands of the Ministry. I believe I had a right to do so. The Italian army will find in its ranks one soldier more when it has to fight against the enemies of Italy. You are well aware of this. All that others may have said of me is a calumny. It is not true that when on the Volturno we were in a bad condition. As far as I know, the army has applauded the free and moderate words of the soldiers' deputy, to whom the Italian honour has been an object of worship all his life. If any one is offended at me for speaking in my own name only, I wait calmly for satisfaction to be demanded for my words. I desire the establishment of a national monarchy." NAPLES (via Marseilles), APRIL 2 The Naples journals publish articles requesting that the Bourbon soldiers who have been dis banded should be confined to the Island of Sar- din ia . A democratic movement has taken place at Cosenza, in Calabria. The municipality have been expelled. The Prefect is suspected of sympathis ing with the reaetionista. The trial of those concerned in the late conspi racy at Naples will shortly take place. The number of persons to be tried is 186. The municipality of Naples has contracted a loan for carrying on public works. TURIN, APRIL 23,1EvErriNo The Turin Gazette of to-day publishes a letter from General Sirtori, expressing regrets on account of the publication of General Cialdini's letter, and giving some explanations in reference to the words which General Sirtori pronounced in Parliament, and which were alluded to by General Cialdini. In this letter General Sirtori also expresses his desire for concord, and says that Italy is personi fied in the Parliament and in the King,: • There is no truth in the reports current, that Garibaldi intends to leave Turin. THE FRENCH ARMY IN SYRIA. PARIS, APRIL 23. The Pays of this evening says :—" Orders have been transmitted to Toulon to complete the fitting out of the transport vessels destined to bring back to France the troops now in Syria." FRANCE. PARIS, APRIL 23. BOURSE, April 23.—Two o'Clock.—Sales for realisation has produced a little retrograde move ment in the market, and Threes for the Account, which opened at 68f. 60c., ha v e receded to 68f. 45c. Railways Shares quiet, but firm. Three o'Clock. —A little rally took place previous to the close, and prices have again come up to those of yesterday. The following were the last quotations :- 41 per per Cents ... 95 45 Credit Fancier 935 Do end month.... Belgian 4/ looi 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 50 Roman Bank Shares .. 2835 I Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 677 50 Spanish Threes 4B 50 Do. Account 677 50 ; Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1347 60 .. 1350 Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 952 60 .. 955 Geneva 397 50 .. 396 25 Southern 550 .. 548 75 Western Eastern Sardinian 377 50 .. Austrian Lotrbard TYNEMOU7II ELECTION. TYNE MOUTH, TUESDAY. This election came off to-day. At the close of the poll, at four o'clock, the numbers were as follows : Hodgson Otway.. 425 376 Majority DREADFUL DEATH BY BURNING.—On Friday night Mrs. Seaton, wife of Sergeant Seaton, of the 51st Regiment, was fearfully burnt by a fire which occurred in a room where she lodged near Wood-street, Brompton, Kent. When the flames had been got under, the woman was taken out by a cabman. She was found lyiig under a table, and was frightfully burnt—quite black. Dr. Burton was in immediate attendance, but held out no hopes of the recovery of the sufferer, who was a young woman only 25 years of age. Sergeant Seaton had married without leave, and his wife was not allowed to live with him in the hut barracks; he was roused in the night by tidings of the dreadful disaster which bad befallen his young wife. When the unfortunate woman was taken up by the cabman, whose name is Skelton, her flesh came off in his hands, her clothes having been wholly destroyed by the fire. The spectacle was frightful, and the sufferer only survived the accident a few hours. A daily mail communication is likely to be shortly established again to the Channel Islands, by means of the Weymouth steamers, which it is expected will carry mails on those days on which the Southampton packets do Ast Mu; LITERA.ZURE. Agnes Tremorne. By L. Blagden. 2 vols. Smith, Elder, and Co. The scene of this singular and melancholy story is laid in Rome, thirty years ago, when Italian regeneration was still the vision of political enthu siasts and dreaming patriots, and few votaries of fashion and frivolity sauntered past the marvels of creative genius. The two worlds of politics and art divide the story. The heroine, Agnes Tremorne, is an artist of rare ability, and her cousin, the betrothed of her sister, is immured in the dungeons of Spielberg, and the final catastrophe is brought about through the agency of a secret society. The plot of the story is singular in the extreme, and in some respects painful and unpleasing. Agnes has a sister, Imogene, younger than herself, and gifted with rare beauty and a highly sensi tive organisation. On the day preceding that fixed for her marriage, Herbert, her intended husband, had been arrested, and his distracted friends and relatives could learn no more of his fate. The shock threw Imogene into a fearful and mysterious illness in which her reason ing powers were affected and her memory lost. Each day she fancied was the one before her wedding, and only the influences of mesmerism could soothe her nervous irritability. Meanwhile her father dies brokenhearted having previously lost his estate, and the sole responsibility falls upon Agnes, who devotes herself entirely to the charge of her invalid sister, whom she keeps in happy ignorance of the loss of friends and fortune, and supports by her untiring industry. Godfrey Went worth, the hero of the story, is an Englishman of fortune who has been residing in Rome for some years. An early disappointment has embittered him and made him shun society. He becomes accidentally acquainted with Agnes and - her sister, and offers to assist in the arduous task of mesmerising. He has been a friend of the unfor tunate Herbert, and is noted for a remarkable re semblance to him. To the consternation of both Wentworth and Agnes, Imogene mistakes him for Herbert, and her delight at his supposed return restores her wonderfully. They are afraid to unde ceive her, and Agnes suffers herself to be persuaded against her better judgment to let the delusion continue. Imogene recovers rapidly, and mean while an ardent affection springs up between w en v o ro.tim. -r lacy a a perplexed L i k_gn ! s and e Le or affairs, and Wentworth resolves to go himself to Spic.thar.r e . to obtain news of Herbert, who is reported to have escapea. ;. truth in Rome, bat a dangerous illness, and a series of unfortunate circumstances have prevented him from tracing them. Before Wentworth under takes his journey, however, he is murdered through the jealousy of Moroni, an Italian lover of Agnes, who has contrived to awake the suspicion of a secret society, by the likeness between Herbert and his friend. The very day after the assassina tion Herbert appears, in time to save Imogene from a second shock, but not soon enough to preserve Agnes from life long sorrow. Many other per sons are mixed up in the story, both Italian and English, but the chief merit of the book does not lie in the plot or characters. It is rather in the style, which is correct and elevated in tone, and the thoughts, which are often original, and always noble and truthful. The work is evidently the result of great care, and the author expresses his own sentiments through those of his charac ters. A keen perception of the beautiful and an intense love of art are also perceptible. The de scriptions of Italy, and the conversations and reflec tions are the most agreeable parts of the work, since there is much in the story which jars on the reader, It shows, however, originality and inven tion to have constructed so singular a plot, although there is a great drawback to its merits in the fact of , its extravagance and improbability. We shall hope to meet the writer again, when his literary , ability and principles of artistic and social excel lence may be displayed through a more natural and satisfactory medium. WIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. A public meeting of the University was held on Monday for the purpose of conferring degrees in law and arts—Sir David Brewster, Principal and Vice-Chancellor, presided. Professor Swinton, as Public Orator, successively presented to the Vice- Chancellor the Right Hon. Sir John M'Neill and Mr. John Muir, D.C.L., Oxford, as persons deemed worthy by the Senatus Academicus to receive the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws (LL.D). In presenting Sir John M'Neill, he said that, having graduated in medicine at the University of Edin burgh at the early age of 19, he sought in the East a field for his professional attainments, but ulti mately exchanged the practice of the physician's art for the diplomatic service of the State, and dur ing long years of perilous adventure, fitly crowned by his appointment as British Envoy at the Court of Persia, his'zeal, ability, anddiscretion had gained the confidence of the country and the spe cial favour of the Crown. Of the fidelity with which be had since brought his administrative talents to the discharge of important duties at home all were aware, and history would tell of the dis interested devotion to the call of duty with which he undertook a mission to the camp before Sebas topol, and lent the aid of his tried wisdom and ex tensive experience in retrieving the disasters of a suffering army and restoring the confidence of an anxious nation. (Loud applause.) In presenting Dr. John Muir, Professor Swinton said that to the faithful and able discharge of important judicial functions in India Dr. Muir had added laborious study of the languages of the East, and that, while his writings stamped him as one of the first San suit scholars of the age, they were no less com mendable as endeavours to overthrow Hindoo myth ology and to indoctrinate the native mind with the truths of Christianity. The degrees having been conferred by Sir David Brewster, Professor Swin ton said he had hoped to present on this occasion Mr. Stirling, of Kier, M.P., a gentleman widely known for his successful prosecution of interesting historical researches, and for the taste and discri mination with which he had illustrated an impor tant period in the progress of art. His genius and learning had twice recommended him to the office of a public commissioner for th e i mprovement of the academic institutions of Scotland, and the same qualities had made him a fit exponent of the unani mous opinion of the educated classes of Scotland in favour of the extension of Parliamentary represen tation to the members of the Scotch universities. Devotion to this question having prevented Mr. Stirling's presence, the Senatus Academicus had unanimously agreed to confer on him, by special diploma, the degree which he could not personally , receive at their hands. (Applause.) The next cere mony was the graduation in arts of 62 young gen tlemen, the largest number of candidates for degree that have offered themselves for a century and a half. Twenty-eight took the degree of Master of Arts, and 34 the degree of Bachelor. They were addressed by Professor Frazer, who adverted to the circumstance th a t thi s was a revival of the scenes that took place in the early history of the university when from 50 to 100 graduates were often received in a single year, when the number of students was less than a half of what it now was. In the 18th century and up to the passing of the recent act the privilege of graduation almost ceased to be sought after, owing no doubt to the want of that seltgoverning power which the Scottish uni versities had since secured, and owing to the cir cumstance that hitherto graduation possessed no privileges, whereas now the graduates were orga nised in a body as a general council to consult on the affairs of the university, and hoped soon to obtain the further privilege of a representative in Parliament, which the Scotch universities could no longer remain destitute of if this part of the United Kingdom was to have its share in the intellectual influence which the universities possessed in the Legislature. THIS DAPS MARKETS. CORN EXCHANGE. The supply of English wheat on sale hero to-day was on the usual small scale, but the samples on the whole were in tolerably dry condition. Good and fine qualities moved off steadily at full quotations; otherwise the trade ruled heavy at about previous rates. We have to report a large arrival of foreign wheat, and sales progressed slowly in all descriptions at Monday's currency. _ _ Floating cargoes of grain were much neglected, yet there is no quotable change to notice in their value. Fine malting barley met a steady sale at quite previous rates, but all other kinds were much neglected. Malt changed hands to a limited extent, on former terms. The oat trade was very firm, and the quotations had an upward tendency. Beans and grey peas fully supported Monday's advance of is per qr. White peas ruled dull. Both English and foreign flour Was in limited request at [ate rates. ARRIVALS THIS 'WEEK. Wheat. Barley. Malt. Oats. Flour. English 330 1,230 310 Irish.. •• • ..... • • 130 ( 7,340 1 1,850 sacki brls. Foreign,. 20,620 BOROUGH HOP. Good and fine hops of all growths move off steadily at extreme rates, but other kinds are a slow inquiry on former terms. IVIIITECHAPEL. Our market is fairly supplied with most kinds of meat, yet the demand, generally speaking, ruled somewhat in active at the following rates : Beef from 2s 10d to 4s 2d ; mutton, 3s 6d to 4310 d ; lamb, 5s &I to 6s 8d ; veal, 4s 6d to 5s Od ; and pork, 4s Od to 5s Od per slbs, by the moue, INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1862. Her Majesty's Commissioners, having had the subject of Registration of Patents and Designs under their consideration, have decided that, looking to the alteration which hes been made in the law since 1851, it will be unnecessary for them to apply to Parliament for any alteration on this occasion. The following is the report which her Majesty's Commissioners received from Mr. P. Le Neve Foster, who in 1851 was employed by the Royal Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1851 to con sider the subject, and who had been asked to report thereon : • " Society of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, Adelphi, London, 'W.C., April 16, 1861. " Sir,—ln reply to your letter of the 22d of March I beg to hand in, for the information of the Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1862, a short report, as requested, on the condition and working of the Patent and Registration Laws, as affecting exhibitors of new inventions and designs. " I. As regards the protection afforded by letters patent for inventions : " In and previous to 1851 the laws relating to letters patent were in a very unsatisfctory state, being cumbrous in their machinery and involving the inventor in a heavy cost to obtain protection for his invention before be could exhibit it to the public. The cost of a patent for the United King dom and colonies then amounted in fees to about £3OO. This was practically a prohibition to many exhibitors, who could not exhibit without being first protected by a patent, which they had neither the means to pay for, nor perhaps did the article warrant such an expenditure. " To avoid this difficulty a special Act of Perlis" ment was passed early is the session of 1851, entitled ' The Protection of Inventions Act,' under the provisions of which an inventor, by lodging a short specification descriptive of his invention, to the satisfaction of the Attorney-General, and receiving a certificate which he registered at, the Designs-office, received a protection which enabled him to exhibit his invention in Hyde-park, with out such exhibition_ being deemed a publication which would invalidate a subsequent patent if applied for within a period limited by the Act. " This privilege was obtained without payment_ of any fee whatever, and was taken advantage of by upwards of 600 exhibitors. In 1852 the rutont Laws were amended, and by the law as it now stands the proceedings to be first Olken by an intending patentee are very similar to those under the Protection of Inventions Act. The inventor lodges his petition at the Great Seal Patent Office, Southampton-buildings, accompanied with a declaration that he is the true and first inventor, together with what is termed a provisional specifi cation—i e. a short statement of the nature of his invention, without entering into details. If this be satisfactory, the applicant receives a certificate to that effect from the Attorney-General, and his invention is protected from piracy for six months, with liberty to him to proceed for his complete patent during that period, if he thinks fit. This provisional protection involves a fee to Government of £5, collected in the form of stamp duty on the petition. "If the inventor desires to complete his patent and extend his protection for a further period beyond the six months, he must proceed within that period (the first step being taken not later than at the expiration of four months, and on paying a further sum of £2O, and filing a complete specification or full description of his in vention, he gets his patent for 14 years, subject to its ceasing at the end of three and seven years in default of his paying stamp duties of £5O and £lOO at such respective periods. " 2. Registration includes two branches—that for articles of utility, and that for designs for ornament. " The registration of designs for articles of utility is limited in character and restricted in extent, And is divided into provisional' and complete.' "(A.) By provisional registration a copyright for one year (which may be further extended for six months by order of the Board of Trade) is given to the author or proprietor of any new or original design for the shape or configuration either of the whole or of part of any article of manufacture, such shape or configuration having reference to some purpose of utility, whether such article be made in metal or any other substance. During such terms the proprietor of the design has the privilege only of selling the right to apply the same to an article of manufacture, but not (under the penalty of nul lifying the copyright) of selling any article with the design applied thereto, until after complete regis tration, which must be effected prior to th e expira tion of the provisional registration. The fee for this registration is 10s. " (B.) By complete registration a copyright of three years is given to the author or proprietor of any new or original design for shape or configura tion either of the whole or of part of any article of manufacture, such shape or configuration having reference to some purpose of utility, whether such article be made in metal or in any other substance. The fee for this registration is £lO. " In each case the protection is obtained by sim ply depositing a drawing and short descriptien'of the object in respect of which protection is sought. "It must be borne in mind that registration differs from letters patent, inasmuch as it gives protection only to the shape or configuration' of articles of utility, and not to any mechanical action, principle, contrivance, application, or adaptation (except so far as these are dependent upon and insparable from shape or configuration), or to the material of which the article is composed. " 3. As regards copyright in designs for orna menting articles of manufacture, the registration for this purpose is, like the former, divided into provisional.' and complete.' " (A) By 'provisional' registration a copyright of one year (which may be further extended for six g or a n p y r o a p r r t i i e c t l o e r ooff manufactureoriginal des i g o n r s months by order of the Board of Trad e ) i s g i ven to o th rn e am au e t n h t o in r twat stance. During such terms the proprietor of the design may sell the right to apply the same to an article of manufacture, but must not (under the penalty of nullifying the copyright) sell any article with the design applied thereto until after complete registration, which must be effected prior to the expiration of the provisional registration. " 'Provisional ' registration is obtained for all classes of manufactures and fabrics at a fee of one shilling for each design. " (B.) By ' complete' registration a copyright, or property, is given to the author or proprietor of any new or original design for ornamenting any article of manufacture or substance for terms vary ing from nine months to three years, according to the different classes of manufactures to which the design is to be applied. The fees vary, according to the classes, from is. to £1 each class, and for certain groups of classes from £3 to £7, according to circumstances. "4. As to Sculpture. " By registration, a protection of a nature similar to that granted for designs for ornamenting articles of manufacture is granted to sculptures, model, copies, or casts of the whole or part of the human figure, or of animals, for the term, or unexpired part of the term, during which copyright in such sculpture, models, copies, or casts may or shall ex exist under the Sculpture Copyright Act, and the fee for registering the same is £5. " 5. I have not entered into the details as to the manner in which the protection under these various heads is obtained, considering that that is not the object for which this report is required. Such details can be readily obtained by any person gra tuitously, on application either at the Patent-office, or at the Designs'-office, No. 1, Whitehall. "At the present time inventors intending to ex hibit have all the facilities for protecting their in ventions which they possessed in 1851 under the laws then in force, as well as under the temporary Act of Parliament then passed specially on their behalf, save that there is now a stamp duty of £5 payable for the protection under the amended patent law. " All these modes of protection are available equally to foreigners as well as to British subjects. " Looking at the large number of patents which are annually applied for, and for which provisional protection is allowed—between 2,000 and 3,000 in number—and the very trivial objects for which they are frequently sought, it is clear that the £5 stamp duty is practically no hindrance or bar to the inventor; and under these circumstances I am led to the conclusion, and beg to suggest to her Ma jesty's Commissioners that there is no need sow of any special legislation in favour of exhibitors of new inventions in 1862, as there was in 1851.-1 have the honour to be, sir, your obedient servant, " P. LE NEVE FOSTER. " F. R. Sandford, Esq., Secretary to her Majesty's Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1862." TIIE WEATHER.—It has been a splendid week, though the warm sunAine has bean toned down by easterly winds, and the clear moonlight and starlight nights have been accompanied by frosts. Vegetation has made marked advance, and a few April showers would render verdant the whole face of nature. The farmers have had a magnificent time of it, and they have:turned every hour t• good account. We have now been almost entirely with out rain for three weeks, and the surface soil has infi nitely benefited by the change. In fact the whole aspect • of the country has an altered appearance. The absence of moisture has been very favourable for the lambs, and will also tend to atop the spread of those diseases from whi c h both sheep and cattle have lately suffered in consequence of the condoned wet and saturated state of the land for co 10111Puti"4114 1 0 , 4 ottiveigr. 1 " .. "*"................,, 4 ONT y 4 ecuflaDr, b een a fail at home a' tleyancy h eld firmi ar e tot fn u ealers ai 41 1 d ar e p The man, report the ether whc as possibl 4- does are 4 1 1 advan their waE a bout "to li titnees, i 1 : 0 t dispo hat tow. Lox rtl2. D w o y. WATER le r Quebe fr o Bo th e River, CARRIE to Rio Sh anghai, ,Poicraik 4 togerson, A PILL, A nIY, for _ 13- 11 . 18 T -0 ulay, Iron COWES, Porto Pla DULL, for Gibral Poolx, for Quebe Ariivec f rom Jerk N ewport. No sail , Arrive 43thaa, fro from Stn Sailed far Dung Passed bap; Da " t) ra Loi