The Sun. — London, England, 1842-02-15 00:00:00

e When tfo,„, rn7 altt to assuod that: unnaturally'. ; ivi pri e tm not ustz rn e oirenn th-e,tanc cent' ave a ~ t Y Inv; naturally agr lie icultu rists them. eat. at hen cheat =try tens I coati)ete at the by °;_linortea be 115"01ir, or In? bos?T. o.A.`riwet believed of • w tatxe nt idr t om ; n° ol d be at im, impost; of af t favour dt 111.1 , 0 atter ?lir the For the a max-- ,;e w as a l•c •-1 pur rs of the a sy eteo ' v as they] dur ing. wo nost_ nisclA a ton 's not state :ofe ot . b r. , r , D ell tha t ; cars. , c t of t a 5 y CIO r ade here -led iet' t ee- - • 'if ose H 1.3 oac 09 err tFs to etc be Ito 25 t o ' • - y , o'. r fI lL ye at in • ~ • • ni t ‘4l th e sai l th e se t Ai n wh tea (11, Or, thee was., on e ( a irilit the p 4 V. 1,, lio n !PR it 40 14 Itletnel, tertian',lacd tha July and efer c erldi r 4g 11 1111arters ere . , 11,0 c *'t re 1,17 tardage of hole of ti. that by th e Peat Pr ed toni e,), ice " L itho s.a ia p 4 ' lll the hieet, Its th e Pri ce wl 4.4 Y rel _ r a n ee _o• eorn ', w; rts whe..l With keg fi e Prig fou ud l'altt tlta a duty teedinr., that c greet ka s ina-s c 'fitterte e ~sit ,'100.1)(10 qua duty.clearcrs, and 1,700,00 Q tinder 8 3 , 11 1, ua quarters paid a tars a.bo e a du " tinder Bsv. duty, the hi h `"Ng eat 53s • li°es, was ,11 Would be Is Elm the be ' •• thought; shi, vitttages to th e I:eeessary to stat rleelltit offs ul'osite argtl at 4 t laq ye p,(l t fed• dui y C'l'll4.7le would by"tti,lduty, durie ',C aight I-101 *i}etngli than le " 'night ' only tot "tter, ithout aL fiXrd duty would 414 e " nsta be a st i :t, and s t t'as operatiot h e r rnetit on T ufined eeees he ther c h ants of bnt, w ere anxi e thei r ty ;.neupre.telit stat e (i rce of a d van'at wa s, G e ntleman at th e B ri against the in fl ux ott the Contin ent a corn wil is dear on t. Prouet, it w il l be l b e ooh countri carc es se here. , if tl b th ere must tie als o therefore a fixed dot she suchcir cumstanc es . gzeat evil which h a te , anticipated w whoe effect of the pi frorn the people of t rei gners. The grew deep sense of g r i evance • ton, leaving behind • ' without stirring society to its feunda think the advantage 01 everysort of animosity. He di I not Lring with it. They the changeworth the evili it would y had, at no . distant p . period, seen changes Itev..,hic.h had almost convulsed society, set man against man, and ified in say AO left behind the deepest feelings of discord. He, for me, would not add to this feelin . and, hii this ground, he was jus admission th i t o hie No to the notion of the o e ar . N bi E I " That motion was not one for ores violent change, but met ely for an Corn rather offere stt'e laws. Thet a s 'flie chan ge ought to take place in the the contrar -tell) Lord Melbourne denied was Conceded, or did not disd"ae "needed' by her Majesty's Government. It the system, and yet settled nothing. On assured n e i, it was a great legislative plan, which they were sion. It t be carried into effect without creating a ceevul eommunit •onld Meet with the satisfaction of the agricultural the other Y and their representatives in that House, as well as Were the great interests of the country.—(Hear,• hear.) doing battlee"ta" e.. contending with mere abstractions, an d el_ Mein of the' 7sion after Session, for different plans of amen seive ( era -laws • avid, in the meantime, letttrig our s r emaiti a+ ' . ' d the eircular of the A nti c ~ weever were?. He reter.e te• . reptes er , - °rn-law Conference, which, he wee Sorry to say, met. eseltlie feelings of a great number of persons. They F iend llednesday at half -past seven, when his Right Hon. pan e lad "'it Yet concluded his address, and declared that the 1 ret' as an ' nsult to the suffering nation. They took it for Ade l% that tl landed • destitute of all s3Tne path ; we the aristocracy were their ' topersist in , re resolved, if permitted by the people, passed e'fleh p oli cy , Th • e • at nine, and e remslotie_ ey met anion . t eeth en, stating that the deputies then present did, en teethe' conside.e,i e'theplace,behalf both on their own - "din th e ‘` °"' rtl" toe, a . name of their constituents, their solemn t . of tilli,_ tel.entered their protest against it, as a total denial -I hear.) Ile L i n n iist enands of the people orthis country, —( l eal: ' they net what the ' demand= were to to which • referred b ut . just . nts of an oPP9e e i i , II , he would also turn Co the sentiments trente their nieXf; Of thes e who stood at the oppoeite at a tlitet• ~,,,_,? at-et7e differently expressed, for found,l 9 ie th of February, that ti,'"e'r!itriet€ Boston on the same day, the containtal . in the 1 ,1,7 1. men of Boston think there is no insult He thought they in ' atie Met was entitled to their respect. with, but th,, some demands which could not he complied . I ..1 811. • •h as Manchester ann t e • egest tnet the larger twns, sut. 4'1"11 " 1 h ld - included in the list ef those for raki n e s s on not be ite of wheat 4 0 , nott the averages That the average pr . _ tie . i than- .... uerter, and that, inasmuch as ehte. e less 6os. a q cost es could be conveyed from Hamburgh to o . ' L ndonfor thesame as from L m he amount of their protection was it „ 3 n or Boston, t d h t n it could not be tee e . e atuount of the duty an t e ra s , . ter :to account. That the 'maximum duty of eO . se a quar hy th e insufficient for the protection of the Enetesh farmer,• blattirne ruinous , e(uneetn bellesaganst the lemon., and that the to be e ll e le ( iutY ought not to r o i lakti tic between such extremes, width, however, both as, the y b ! , ! 1 this respect, that they both acted honestly in what ei_e e ieved to b e ee, not their own selfish interests, but lel .t.einterests of the country at lunge • and a pro ra'hitti n made, either for ore o ' r the eaer, would have t hat t il i s e 11l ul i tai rdcg any settlement ' lle therefore trusted ~ tti et 'House %Geld adept, and adopt b y a large majority, _7atearnsure recurnmended by his Right Hon. Friend, as a Cal (Ilarpizzent in the operation of the laws, as a bene the great 7) rinC. the entire efu hMunity, vet still maintaining t a • th ; 1 , ) , IA winch Parliament ' eas pledged to main anua,o.y at ta proteetion to the ' , s est —that large d erweelming int egtieuiturtti in _ . conneeted With, and their was ere•t cluch in eome form corn 0 ' , --( Hear, he ar ' dertldent nn the agricultural eum y. went, and Tooke In b ' s PArt, and as a servant of the Govern __ a . .g on 4.1 the circumstances on which he could atprepeeusdainrient in the matter, he gave a hearty assent to ean 'Yinie th lin was satisfied that if they should succeed in gu e a e , o treasure proposed t Id be - found that it wonl.l Rave re li ef to the conserner ' 1 "et . ' to the preducer, and ear, hstinneus to theira p m i. : r e: i t i n o e trade.—( Cries of aid th. '''` n tgh their measure itself m g in e ht be misrepresente . d, yet their motives - 1 1- , and cuaracters Malient:d as connected with it, the„_,lt t essei t l be wee' contented with the consciousness that_ t t Zl. m ade an effcri to benefit the country, and they mlfgh dee r , _ninpatience the iis judgment. —( The Hon. Member sat Ittir.acritel loud cheering from the Ministerial benches.) Ilael t r e te 'MILLS WOOD said that the Hon. Gentleman tet e wa n some trouble to prove, first, that the Ministerial mea farce" s sea uted as a re b • the Anti-Corn-law Con ()Ly y by the a grie..i : arid Was conside;ek as an inadequate protection . .. te e " '144 Irlterest,—(ll‘, ~ r , he • ar, hear.) He certainly did Chat :„l e l l ' o e .t that the qthission would have cor from atiat, at t th e IT - ..".°43e, atfadmission that neither to those who en ,' cd the true interests of the country, nor those who . Birotrite,Praferwar the ' r epresentatives of the agricultural.dis ill s _n, (1 . the pn of her Majesty's Blinisters given eli o, ii.:•"..lactiou whateter ?—(Hear, hear) He had stated purpose of estaieit i this rneasur was defended not for the purp . !et any one a remunerating price, not for giving a protection t i t vis e f n u e r c lass ; he had equally ' repudiated the idea i lide endeti, the pu rpose of maintaining the country i r:_ c : e b eii ‘ ev of foreign spply, an independence w i h . , tooki, e d , had never existed during the present century. begunhe g of the returns which had been laid on the table, of the d fo kind % i _ecra from the beginning o: this century, it . wint i ltiart„ tu at for theefirsi ten years it was half a million of . Ope ard3 Per annum ; abcitit the same for the next ten years, tiuri" th e lad a million, qua ere from 1820 to 1829 ; and that of tiv e ~last ten years e average importation was upwards tidieei nti"ten rut • It was perfectly absurd and i f i f _ e million 4 , ers o corn. . independent of urete r , su 'et t ete ore, to talk of their being ntrle.bisti)!Y, hen, tofoM the beginning of the . t cen preseeulation t Zt i th feed,'+uutitry had et been able to supply pep Ita bilit to do wase,,,anti When, too, it was evident that its ma :'iantlY inereasing The question was no longershould ''ti ns e IN in what way, on what I ries eltendenteof foreign supply; but kite ' and b y wh t supply could be received ti ,,, tee st , at regulations tha ( Hear, hear. ) The ee ettiee se a(iv entage to the country.-- by a fixed duty 7 gas slit; whether that could best be done . Said that 1. ,,,u 5 t - e ut l ng scale. The Right Hon. Gentleman sous to i r 11"O 11,',''Y ittipo:q.bl for them to regulate theze te a , against eeettien't,l'n certainly' upon the harvests, and to pro difficulty what he te e , i ti e ; hut he (Mr. C. Wood) sawno fluctuations, and he at eed e e ,e at ternnt t o counteract those them. e ' eiat • • - adopted to increase the % g e t II the sliding-scale was many statements for ae Purpo se 4ftli. Gentleman had made. Her ice had not been rcat s howing that the variations I C. Wood) eO, legit a% 'had es . let a t e oe been supposed. made out his case. 'eas 7 itit if for a moment that he had of his scale te et e`' ) ke ee 'n• Bart. stated that the object s4s and 585. / To) 7 l ' w ee S s the price of corn betweeri Now, ;as there any w as a l'ility of ' to keep it at about 565. that there do ,ot, that being effected? He contended was laid li " fo r t una in the old law a much wider range eh object t th a t, %ciliateand he would show them t e . 'been ~ . on, . , tanning stated that his e t _7t• w as tes,e entirely failed. 11.1 r. 5a to 655. 1 he ,eettiatioe h K eep the price varying enich th t owcve- far frere nt. o . r. 80 per rent. , : It the e e l ori • , exceeded 70 pere? the utmost limit. l e ; e e b ee , 1, . • Baronet seemed to consider was esa.. ir, 1;37 ehatine of the winter of 1831, the price 7d. ; ‘ in 6 e ,. 1 , ii it , a , was 6 05. 2 . in Dec. 1832, it was 535. 11 t under this p r ice 4!hio, tyre'' in Dec. 1835, it was 36s ; so t d that 605., the Searsen 18,‘..51, to keep the price of corn fo s r teay the preceding 70 ild. The vel a ' s, lower than it li . ad . been twelve months, the price e i e r i!erit ta 6 , .) next vvinter, within . of 1429, the - r'ee had ~• `s• 9 d. or 70 t • in the winter . litit e e s r e tse n to 80 ' cen • ' 100 ner cent. above the 'he . ''ee • 18 35. "d " more th e an But he would now take I,,luart er l y , to, -- e Hear, hear., last ten years ending in ),'..:411,_ N, o rt' v Z . e .. 'lake the ee of them only did the , (een'Y. a.ver e , e `'" ,. 's ten years, in r limit stated by Mr. ae es a:'g f il ra nge within the ee was 665. 4th' O s , the li en , 'Pel, the yearly average the limit ; .in 1833, ;4111311,, b eio‘ ; It 1 832, eB s . Bd., within 2d. below the limit ; ti e , 35, 4e s . A , t edunit ; i n 1834, 465.. below Mr. Can ni4 a av, rage ., • e in 1 636, 48s. 6d., agatn. i and 645. 10d. ageo l ' t ithin ii ii . l n. 1 837 and 1838, 555. t I°. ” It4o 665. 4d. the i„a:)',e Air liiiestl ; in Ild9 ' 70 ' Bd. ; 7 }ears out of het et tait: —ftotlinA's limit. So that in 3 entirely sh o 'i i't, i t ~•I n g the averaee the Bill of Mr. Canning lOs e ll "‘' ue e s e ute g the Price ' ' f corn within the limit, if h • ' ee l e v a e d that i s e 4 i',' . 'ed to thefa.t o ation. And it should be o r: shah lere,i,-;2uese prices there were none of those 4 extr u ao pon ith et ~,, Tii„ e ('lle of those drops of 25., 35., and likely then nld ' Pro,. 't,ess had h . laid. It was not or e . , „. , . s ed t _ a , een in its object when the f El em . , he 'ot t h ailu c ale would succeed . tally failed.— °ti th e ai %) Te "„ed a larger lima, ins i not a little tee n , i t v .. a riati e : =‘!glit lion. Gentleman stet in Prussia ; w as not f \as te e ei,,etila the pri.ie of . rye He thought it on e of whichtl te, iesiili... article of consumption een two countries, tiviliaati w as so it te a comparison betty and the es „, ° ,n•--( Hee ,kperier to the other in advancement . one of re•elnalet ear, oe.. ir was a statement in _. 'C L ea ' to 'whi t ,. • ) There made, that by Sir tin e ~'"un, the obi,otti r eterence had en nw h that the varia- Taein",,,a greater i n e i tf which was toe . this country. j o ,i, the pric l oreign ports than in . compare f g It (; wi th th e ft"' the year 1829 to 1838, and that e l. / tn. tin e e e Price in England, it appeared Od em e j , re e.ffierent namely, porte or pieces, ter,,„ ttarnbereb ta - i i s ., Dresden. Rot je„,egel, and A ,.... , 7. , Antwerp, a" a •h ffreater in Eng ,itititt that, in tia te' os td' e,a, the. variation was mac e een the end of O,, L Y artel e„in,iine of es in the year 1840, betw • _ c .0 _. Bd. e rejerenie ,ot Sept., the duty fell fromB . l. t s eek that i the w eo_ le ai to these aeeounts it ty ldbeseen n ,i 4at li t , r ne jOth of July with a diti e . 4 of 16s Bd. there were 4,000 . wer e i ',ripened the next Week, Y a t a duty of 10s. 8(1., there 1 1,or ~000 quarters rho next week at 65..8d., there were e r, JO Then carne'he minimum duty of es. 6(1., when there , 'Wit 1,170.000 quarters. 'Would it not have been for the athee -I,4eetuf the country to have had an Bs. fixed duty dudrintg him (e at t that period ? He (Mr. Wood) said that it seen t ie_ s o ._ _ . 1 ,,, , , , by the documents produced The the Governm . 2 , 7 tas a t r ie Di t ,:ut . o be a prohibitory duty. The duty at 565., which to ahu o t ai nted at by the Riget Hon. Gentleman, amounted urmer was tNii.si t P r ohibitory duty. Protection to the f Gentleman. k id lei? thrown over by the Hight Honourable.dto be his only "lje et e good of the community at larg© teemed . was precisely th e • It remained then to be shown why ... s. muinty,-. If arill6,'c Which would be for tho returnsdl c , om t ng i the price of .e'''ance could be put on the resp!.c e included all '44 it ordinarily about •Itrs. That 'sort ,' teas o l m uic ared that price Wi th , t- ',` wheat, good and bad, and . ? thec be would p found that 455. was far Price Price of English wheat, i of English wheat. It would r be f o — b 'lew the average , quality . ars no foreign corn when.% e I , a . mid that, furoree list ten ee , d therefore every duty f hx • . min duty f than 105. ; an lb e ee ,. ~ 0 prohibitory duty. great 1" , teat sum was equivalent to a isno since o , 4la— f • ted into this countr h e as • o cern imported ere bad been i ie lemorfed et duty of Bs. In 1830 t pa .. "" n Ot • e - . a andnearly 1 200,000 of that :41 inv . k ' 0 quarters imported, 1 000,000 ''''' d tu 1 1 " 1 l• re had been imported , . 1 14, 4 , y. n b 3 t .e . I,e oo i i s• and of these 963,000 paid underBs. dety. In 1836, d a ' ' 4° 'which 1 500 000 quarters pal duty "'Wee 83 ['nailer,' 'if ' ' t which only 50,000 (Le ar , • In 1839, 2,500,000 quarters, o 340 000 quar ters ters paid a. duty above 10s. In 1810, about , or tc nd a bove a duty of 10-., but all the rest was imported . t an( th e e t !. B a. duty. The lowest average pike was 4as . . 9d., 1 . eer e 'ghest 5 - as. 5d., arid if the average freight, without any • p e , - . l ; , ges• was added, the average price . at the port h o fnu e n x d - Te a , l ,`,°u l d be 543. sese Upon that it would e had h e „e duty would amount to a prohibitory duty. He d '"`Ateht .•that fixed duty would secure greater a - ts et ,,, , " , shown a e tt, eees to the consumer than the 5 I in,- rd* cr scale. It was not f an particular te o ,!'ary to state any arguments in favour o__ n II y Geutlemen i ll. eat ot fixed duty. It was convenient or U ._ Govern. 'tie t ?,'" e to roue upon the amount propesed by h t e h t corn et " e q last ' year namely Bs. He had •hawn t a eil 4 •'" o le e d duty of 83. would have been cheaper—that greater a pkek-„tage would have been derived by the consumer from 0 the'Lie during the last summer (which had been selected Y l l. 'l, II his arguments), when pri . ces , ig t „on. Genhernan duty be it what ante hem, than form a sliding scale. is fixed , . 10. I , ,,;!: i ght, only took so much from the profit of the foreign: 1 fixed- e a ithout adding to the price paid by the conseme_ ;end A i 1 duty would also be attended. with what he (Mr. NI , , d to b e a still greater advantage—he meant a scae ‘e:,itistat, and stt aey trade. So long as any sliding anl ;;•, a ! in operation (although the proposed scale sac ‘ ~:erovernetit on the present one), eso long the trade .. must The"ned recessarily to ports wi lain a short distance. merchants of Hanibureli and other places on the Conti . tient, w . '. ' continued in ty , eie ere anxious that the Corn •lawe should be .e a soor r ‘ lare•eut state hat clearly showed that they must b Right e hi " or ailvaniage to them. The argument et the n• Gentleman (Sir Robert Peel) in favour of his measure was, t . that the British People could not protect themselves on-4ainst the influx of foreign corn at periods when the seasons l,,the Continent and in this country were favourable. When l l t?.! t a is dear on the Continent, said the Right Honourable weremet, it will be also dear here —when it is scarce there,. a bli!,hee scarce here. The same seasons generally prevailing in, ii,',llr eateries, if there was a iplentiful harvest in the knee ' e must 'le also so that there so a plentiful harvest in the other . ; under sne je% t a• fixed duty could be no possible protection t t i le " ,':ela. mtanc . es. He (Mr. Wood) was sorry to see that. hate e,il which the Right Hon. Gentleman seemed, to e.e,e, aTtticipated. was a plentiful harvest.—(Cheers.) The ewno.e effect of the rese , • every advantage trp n, .aes was to take gels' the peopl e of this country, and hand them over to for- Mrs, The greatest advantages were taken from the ship them to help in repealing the Corn-laws for their own benefit. Would the working men now abandon the people's petition and the Charter ?—(Cheers from the Chartists.) If they did they would give the public and the press just reason to insult thelln.—(Hear, hear.) Let the working men remember that they never would get their rights either as regarded food, or any thing else, until they had a share in returning the Parliament, and a voice in snaking the laws. The Anti Corn-law party said to them," If you will help us to repeal the Corn-laws, we will help you to get the suffrage. But the operatives should answer, " Do you help us to get the suf frage first." (Cheers) It was no use to repeal the Corn.laws, unless the people were allowed to exercise the power of a cori stit ucncy.— (Uproar.) Mr. HEARNE said that the meeting was called for a spe. cific purpose—to present a petition against the Corn.laws. —(l..oud cheers.) It had been said that the Chartist peti tion was signed by 5;1100; but the petition they were met to adopt was signed by nearly three times that nuather.—(Cheers and interruption.) They should act like sensible loess.—(Hear, hear, and confusion.) Mr. FEARGITS O'CONNOR then presented himself amidst loud cheers from the Chartists, and proceeded to say that he was sur prised to find that when the proposer and seconder addressed the meeting in support of the petition, there were no signs of ii,terruption ; but when the working-men commenced to speak they were met by cries of " Question, ques tion." And yet it was not their intention to come between the people and the Corn.laws, or to drive that measure from the House of Commons, but to dislodge Sir Robert Peel from his posi tion.—(Cheers.) The question was, how they could best effect the repeal of those laws, and the adoption of the People's Charter in the shortest time,—(Hear, hear.) He did not think that the most effectual means to attain those ends would be to plice the repeal of the Corn-laws before the Charter. — (Cheers from the Chattels.) Did not the present constituency send into Parliament a great majority in favour of the Corn-laws, and could their repeal be expected until the constituent trod; was enlarged?—(Cheers.) Was there ever such a disproporti' in ,the distribution of wealth as at present ; so much money in the hands of one class, and so much poverty endured by the other ?—(Cheers.) And was it not curious that the poverty should fall on the unrepresented, and all the wealth on those who were represented ?—(Loud cheers.) He (Mr. O'Connor) had lately fallen in with a cobler, who told him a story about the Bishop ,of Exeter. " Well, Daniel," said the Bishop, "I am informed you are a Chartist, and, let me tell you, that you cannot be a Chartist without being an infidel." " But, my Lord," said Daniel, " I have got• 10 children, and you have got none, and I want something to feed them." " But don't you know," said his Lordship, " that God does not send any mouths without at the same time giving food to fill them." " Very true, my Lord," said Daniel, "but his good designs are thwarted by evil men. How else, my Lord, could he have given me all the mouths and your Lordship all that might fill them."—(Great laughter.) If at quarter-day Sir Robert Peel, and his brothers in office, were to be refused their salary, it might bring them to their senses; and they would then, perhaps, think of the comforts of the working men. People had talked of the bad agitaton of Chartism. Let them show him (Mr. F. O'Connor) an instance in which the Chartists had refused patiently to listen to reason. The Whigs were originally opposed to them, but now the Whigs were opposed to themselves. Lord John Russell wished for an eight shilling duty, while Mr. Villiers went for a total repeal, and Sir Robert Peel came in at the end with his slippery pigtail.—(Cheers and laughter.) They, the Chartists, knew very well the character of the Whigs. They knew very well that the present agitation was merely got up to get them back into office.—(Cheers from the Chartists.) For seven years had the people petitioneel the Whigs against those laws, an I during that time the Whigs told them that the distress of the country was caused by fluctuations in commerce, attendant upon all great commercial nations. 13ut when they got on the shady side of Downing-street, they said to them, the Char tists," Do you assimulate your cause with ours, and let us get into office again." When he (Mr. O'Connor) had gone to the Con ference held last week, they told him that he could not be ad mitted without a ticket, and thus was he prevented from going to express the principles he held, and of advancing. the great cause to which he was pledged. One of the speakers at the Con ference bad alluded to him (Mr. O'Connor) and said there was a person going about the country in a fustain jacket, while a black one would have stilted him better. He (Mr. O'Connor) had come to that meeting in a black coat. He never attacked a man behind his bark. He called on the gentle men of that Confetence to name six, twelve, or eighteen of their number, and they (the Chartists) would do the same, and meet them, and put the principles of eachlo the test.—(Loud cheers.) The Whigs had introduced the Reform Act, and that was to do away with Toryism. That. Act had been fully tried for ten years, and what was the consequence of it ? Why, it had put a majority of Tories of from sixty t4 , nitiety into the House."—(A voice, " It was you and your party that put them there.") — (Great uproar.) The Tories had property, which they con sidered the standard of the franchise; and so long as another man's property entitled the elector to vote, so long would the present state continue. The Charter would strike at the root of all this.— (Great cheering.) It would take the suffer ing from the people. He had sufficient confidence in the working classes to feel that should a famine come upon the land, they would hear the decrees of Providence with patience and submission. — ;Cheers.) Now, there was not a single article of luxury denied to the table of the wealthy, while every thing that was necessary to suppart life was taken from the table of the poor man. This was not the wish of an all-dispensing Providence. —(Cheers.) The battle was now between the two extremes—the people and the aristocracy. The Whigs twelve months ago promised them household suffrage, and if they were sincere, let them join the Chartists, and go for the whole Charter, and thus, for the first time, let the Whigs and Chartists be united. Let them all unite in this object, and then would they be worthy of the name of Englishmen, and thus would every poor man be proud to say of England, "Phis is my own, my native land." —(Loud cheers.) Alter thanking the High Bailiff for the pleasure, /met the high honour conferred upon him, be said he was proud in supporting the amendment of the working man. The amendment, "'float the National Petition, or the Charter, should be adopted instead of that submitted to the meeting," was then put and carried by a small majority. Three cheers were then called for for, Mr. F. O'Conner, which seas answered by a call for three groans fur the same 'gentleman, but the cheers had it. A vote of thanks was passed to the High Bailiff, and the meeting . ated at half-past three o'clock. FRANCE. (FRom OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, FEB. 12.—The prevailing topic of conversation this morning is the unexpectedly close divisions of yesterday in the Chamber of Deputies on M. Ganncron's Bill far excluding public functionaries from the Chamber. It bad been supposed from the divi sion on the address, and still more from the great number of members who are at the present moment in the enjoyment of salaried offices, dependent on the Crown, that the majority against the introduc tion of such a measure would have been a large one; the astoniah- went, therefore, at a majority of only eight being obtained against the Bill has been very great. It is believed that some of the Ministers are themselves inclined to support such a measure, and in fact M. Guizot some time since let drop several hints, whirls might be interpreted into an intimation that it would not be made a Cabinet question. NVe are inclined to believe that the great munber of Deputies who have voted or the Bill have been in fluenced by the inure personal inconveniences to which they have been subjected during the numerous Ministerial changes that have taken place snide MO, it being well known that each new Administration im France has generally made short . work with all functionaries who dared to adhere to thepolicy of their predecessors. Thus all the Prefects and Sub .Prefects so many of whom have been, or are, members of the Chamber of Deputies, • have been peculiarly exposed to the caprices of the Cabinets under which they have continued in office; aid the recollection of the forced tergiversations they have made, cannot but be galling ; we will not say to men of independent political principles, for the num bers of such individuals are exceedingly small •in France—but to men of good education, and moving among the more enlightened classes of society. This measure more than any other would tend to make public functionaries honest, and Deputies independent ; but this is precisely what Louis • Philippe does not like. he holds the reins of power only by force and corruption, and no Cabinet, as long as he is on the throne, will ever dare to support such a suicidal Bill. It was impossible therefore that the prepo. sltions could be tamely admitted into the Chamber; and though by favour of the Ballot many functionaries voted in secret for M. Ganneron's Bill, yet the Court was pretty confident of success before the discussion took place. This narrow division will, however, pro cure a good rating to Messrs. Guizot and Duchatel, the Mipisters of Foreign Affairs and the Interior, for their wily master, and will no doubt hasten the dissolution of the Chamber. The legal time for the new elections is in 1843 ; but it will be probably antici. paled by a whole year. The Budget will be hastily discussed, and carried, of course, and in June, if nuts n May, the Session will be terminated. An extensive weeding oft uspeeted Prefects, and a copious distribution of decorations, togetk er with a skilful shuffle among the Sub. Prefects, Mayors, King s Procurators, &c., will precede the elections, and will probably produce a Chamber more complaisant than the present one. F Thls question of Parliamentary Reform s not, however, of so much interest, in reality, as the rumoured refusal of France to ratify the treaty for the suppression of the slave trade, and the right of mutual visit. It is a melancholy instance of bad feeling towards the other Powers of Europe that the French should be unwilling to submit to the same restrictions which they would gladly lay on other nations, and it is a proof of a low state of morality among the people in general, that they should be willing, on such a ques tion of general principles of humanity, to imitate the un civilized conduct of the Americans rather than that of the rest of the great nations of the world- Tlsp stipulations of the treaty confer the right of mutual search of all vessels upon Prance, Russia, Austria, Prussia, and England. All the conditions of the Convention are perfectly reciprocal ; and every thing is based on a footing which may be considered perfectly fair to the parties con . cerned. The objections raised to the treaty by the gobblers of the Chamber of Deputies are founded merely upon the circumstance, that as so many more vessels of war are employed by England in the Atlantic than by France, for the suppression of the slave-trade the probability is, that many more French merchant-vessels will be stopped and searched by English cruisers than English neer cliant.vessels by French cruisers. But such an objection as this cannot stand fur a moment in the opinion of any man of honour and common honesty. The rubbish talked by some of the so called Liberal Members of the Chamber of Deputies wise.. this subject was under discussion the other day, and the empty de clamations against " England's usurpation of the Sovereignty of the Seas," &c., amount to nothing more than this—Will Austria or Prussia, who have so few vessels of war, object to the treaty, on grounds of this kind ? Will Russia take umbrage at the French stopping her merchant-vessels? And why should France raise objection to England alone ?—why not attack Russia ?—why not declaim against Austria or Prussia? Thereason of all this is the feeling of petty jealousy against England still sub. sisting among the more numerous and snore ignorant classes of the French people, and the cheap popularity to be obtained by deputies who choose to talk on the subject. The United States of North Ameriea are more honest in their opposition to the abolition of the slave-trade : they approve of the slave-trade, and their merchants carry it on; the right of search, thetefore, is objected to by them with some appearance of reason, bad and disgraceful though that reason be : but the objection of France is that of a disappointed braggart, angry at not being able to play first fiddle. We sincerely hope that England will not fail to support her dignity and her just cause in this affair on both sides of the Atlantic. The affairs of Algeria are not yet fully brought under the notice of the Chambers ; but when they are, if the members can add two and two, so as to snake four, it may be expected that a great modifi cation of policy will take place. The conduct of General Bugeauti has however been of late rather successful; and if he could be allowed sufficient funds, Ise would probably effect something perma nent; but whether the hundred and odd millions of francs will be allowed by the Chambers, when they vote the African Budget, re mains to be seen. It appears positive that the Prince de Joinville is going round the world; and will probably visit John Chinaman during his pere. grinations. It is rumoured that he has refused the rank of Rear- Admiral until he returns ; this is not unlikely, for he is a straight forward young man, and it does him credit. The Carnival has been duller than ever—nothing could be worse; the weather is most unseasonably fine and warm—nothing can be more agreeable. " THE SUN" DISPATCH.—We have again to acknowledge the extraordinary enterprise of the proprie tors of The Sun newspaper, in their publication of the snee;:h of Sir Robert keel, in the House of Commons, on IVednesday evening, on bringing fimward the Ministe rial measure on the Corn-laws. The Express Edition, containing a full report of the speech, and extending to about eight columns, reached Leeds (two hundred miles off), in little more than twelve hours after its delivery in the House of Commons!—Leeds„Tu n c s. The John Bull says, that the Earl of Elgin has been appointed Governor-General of Jamaica. The He rald, another Tory paper, throws discredit on the statement. The first committee for the trial of controverted election petitions will be ballotted for on the 10th of March. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNAJ.S. FROM TIM EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. IVci,leOlsiaitni tbeenetnionlesdintofaNc,ohieirri(s)hr commerce. GLOBE. —There is " no mistake " about the reoeP tion of the Peel Corn-bill amongst that inmense bo:iy, elan.," says the Leeds Mercury, i expectati o nsm,,e t r h e e a . n ‘ e ` o N I . N e t. ; S e: i r si u n i t!. ' s e ° t e b e t e ce:-. i t temporary defeat of the Reform Bill, have we knowm so strong a fteling of disgust and indignation excite& in Yorkshire, raml Lancashire, and among the trading; classes generally, as has burst forth on the announce ment of the Government juggle. It has been reported, on the nther hand, that " some of the Tory Members, Sir Eardley Wilmot and others, thought Peel might safely have gone farther." What is very certain is, that if it was safe to take a step at all, it was not safe to take so short a step as the Minister has now taken. There was no safe alternative but staying on his own side of the slough, or clearing it. But Sir Robert was looking backward to Hansard, not forward to the requisite length of leap. He was looking to the !public feeling and interests. How to :reconcile to to the Tory b enches, not forward, squireish support, and verbal consistency with some • show of change, was the only problem he Weans . - to have felt himself called on to work out. It is astonishing he should not have , felt that any necessity to seem to do something, it must have amounted to a necessity to do something in earnest There could not be any mere Parliamentary necessity for change. There sat an assured majori t y behind him, ' obtained by - mere panic of change. What then was it that rendered change imperative, despite that majority r There can 141 110 answer, except the roused expectations of the commercial community. Now, if those ex pectations could 'comel the show of chang e front A 1_ the majority, must they - not compel its reality' It is, ~rideed, passing strange that a Minister, whose su pp ose d disposition to concede to public opinio n, and . to consult pubic necessities, vas the true source of his strength, should :lot have now thrown himself on tha'..; strength, and shown L'imself in reality what he has always been anxious to appeal . in words, the safe and indispen sable link between stubbm:2 Conservatism and rash Re form. 'that delusion has now vanished for ever. It has now been too thoroughly proved ;hat the Present Prime Minister is a man of words, and pothing but words. But there is a point where words necessarily fail those who care nothing ii things. There is-. a dine wNett their verbal issues must be paid in more solid currency. That is the moment for distinguishing the statesman . from the mere party leader. The former keeps in view, through all changes, the aim of national objects. His language may be unguarded, unmeasured, and even, at some times, inconsistent. But he always means some- • thing ; he always means to do something, having the poww. The mere party leader means nothing but to he thought to mean what will serve his party best - STANDAR-a—We have felt it a duty to our readers and to truth to print all the communicatio ns u p on the subject of the proposed modification of the Gcrn-laws that have reached our hands to-day, without any reference to the agreement- or disagreement a,' the writers with our own views. It will be seen Inns few they are, and how nearly they approach to an unqoa li tied :approval of Sir Robert Peel's plan. The attempt :O disunite the Conservative party upon this question may be considered, indeed, as utterly hopeless ; and we rejoice to find that the manufacturers—as many of them Lis are iutelligent and honest, as many of them as do not seek . to. destroythe agricultural interest—arc beginning to expreess their satisfaction. The purpose of the plan cannot be-- better described than in the words of our Manchester correspondent ; it is an arrangement admirably devised to give to the manufacturers the benefit of all the late great improvements in agriculture without checking the progress of such improvements. This is just ; the menu , - faeturers are entitled to share in the benefit, because, with whatever ill grace on the part of some, they have in part paid for it. But the landed interest are surely entitled to preserve their pro portion of the benefit, the greater part of which they have paid for, and the whole of which has been. procured by their exertions. The noisy party at present; is, however, one which looks, not with satisfaction, but, with malignant spite,' at the improved. resources of the , country. These men, so far from rejoicing in the im provement of agriculture, regard that improvement as a calamity. Willingly would they see one-half the- • produce of our fields blighted ; and if Providence .in • its bounty should increase the present product two fold, they would feel the common blessing as a severe affliction. - An abundant home supply would, they know, raise the rate of wages, and deprive them of - the steady foreign corn trade. True, domestic abundance would improve: the home market, but not in the same pro portion in which it would raise the price of wages„ The pressure of want upoe the humbler classes is in. every country the spring of manufacturing industry, as was well known to every political philosopher, before the principle was strained by the New Poor-law Commis shiners and the Mill-owners of Manchester, &c., test& Mr. Ashworth. Tice Leaguers have not yet ventured to say directly that what they want is to diminish the home supply, in order to have a more completely pauperised . ppniation at their mercy ; but this is: what they mean, and what they say, too, very u nequi VI walk - , than indirectly, when they corn-- plain that 'Sir Robert Peel's plan will not 'ensure a " regular and steady foreign corn trade." A neellar anti steady foreign corn trade can be en- Orel only by so constant a deficiency in the home produce as shall prevent that produce ever meeting the demand of the country even - in one year out of ten ; for this rare interruption would be quite Sufficient to, destroy the regularity , and steadiness of the trede. The whole purpose of the present agitation is to get the working classes more absolutely than they , are, within the grasp of the monied capitalist ; and this ought to be shown to the people without reserve. The time is not a time for delicacy in the matter. Nothing but the utmost frankness in speaking to the people can avert very serious dangers. The Leaguers mean blood shed, if bloodshed be thought necessary to the effecting of. thei e object ; witness their incendiary harangues, wit ness some of their nets, and the countenence gi Veil to those nets by the men who ought . to prevent them. We have received a letter from Derby describing the proceedings on Tharoday of a " League ' mob of 7,000 or ,:',,000 persons assembled by torch-light, who held the town at their mercy fin- a considerable time, until two or three Conservative Magistrates, of inferior Magisterial rank, felt themselves at liberty to interfere. A recole lection of the libel laws forbids us to publish all the par ticulars that have come to our knowledge, and during the sitting of Parliament it ought to be unnecessary for us to do so. THE CORN-LAWS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN: . Stutz—As a subscriber to your truly valuable paper, and a. Chairman of a public meeting of the inhabit ants of the borough, held on Saturday evening, numbering about 2,000, I beg to transmit you a copy of the resolutions unanimo usl y agreed to. They we re moved, seconded , and su pp orted, with .very excel lent speeches, and if I may judge from the meeting, they seem more determined than ever to carry on the glorious work . of agx talon since the anearanee of Sir ltobert's mee sliding scale. 1 am, Sir, your humble servant, Rochdale, Feb. 14,1842. JAMES LRACH. I. Resolved, That the proposition of Sir Robert Peel, sub mitted to the House of Commons on the subject of the Corn laws on Wednesday last, is a document conceived in the true spirit and genius oCthat packed assembly which in its essence, its constitution., and its operation is inimical to civilization, to commerce, and to the rights of the people. That the present attempt to perpetuate a tax upon corn is an aggravated insult to the perishing inhabitants ~f the United Kingdom, ar violation of the most sacred of all rights of labour, for the )onefit of an aggrandized and rapacious aristocracy, that therefore this , meeting enters its solemn protest against the proposition; and will resist its adoption . by every means in its power. 2. That while this meeting considers the Ministerial plan 012 the Corn-law question an insult to the suffering people, they are further of opinion that there are other bad laws which ought in to be effaced from the statute-book of this country. and this meeting consider the only remedy to be the enacting' the principles contained in • the People's Charter the law of the laud. 3. That a copy of the resolutions passed by this meeting be set to our R e presentative, William Sharman Crawford, ler n him to make such public declaration,thereof as he thinks fit. LONDON AND GREENWICH RAIL-. WAY COMPANY. The Half-yearly General Aleeting of the Shareholders in this Esq., in the chair. tßhaeihroymivoans IT"atier3ne,st‘asai4sigmaralsit'rteteq,pulbS!icllijanmtimssalija°dnbolt"; Air. Wicsosr, the Deputy Chairman, read the report of the , Directors, from which it appeared that the profit from the traffic . (luring the last year was only 1,137/., a sum too small to war rant a dividend among the increased number of Share holders. The receipts fur passenger traffic, as com pared with the same period of last year, showed a decrease in number of 41,311 passengers, and in amount of 1,635/. ; the Croydon toll had fallen short by 3741. 4s. 5d..; the footpath being necessarily closed, on account of the new works, made a deficiency of 1991. 12s. 9th., and a portion of the rents have been absorbed by the new workei to the amount of 1,41. 10s. Bd.: whilst the only item of increase iiirneap peared in the Brighton tolls of 9871 . 13e. 3d. T classes of carriages on the line had lately been reduecd to two, and the tares had been fixed at 9d. and 6d. The total expenses con nected with the line during the last six months, ending Dee. 31, 1;341, amounted to 25,205/. 16s. Id., and the receipts to 6137/. ss. 4d., showing a profit of 931/. 9s. 3d. fhe Engineer's Report was then read. It was very short, and merely stated that the whole of the works were now so nearly completed, as to leave no doubt that they would be con siderably under the estimate, and within the specified time. The CHAIRMAN moved the adoption of the Report. Mr. WILSON seconded the motion. Mr. Ilerciuxs wished to know why the fares had been al tered on the hue? lie thought it had done the m a great deal of mischief. The CHAIRMAN said that they had altered the fares, in con sequence of a resolution adopted at the last meeting pro prietors. Mr. HINTON objected to the want of comfort in the six penny carriages ; he thought it a shame that a number of men should be compelled to stand huddled together like a cargo of pigs, or other cattle. With regard to the arches ander the rail way, he understood that they had been lately asphalting them, be hoped they bad made them quite correct and watertight now. There was great talk some time ago of getting 1,0001. a year from these arches. The CHAIRMAN said the arches were now quite dry, man)' of them were let, and there was every prospect of letting more. Air. HINTON wished to know how it was that none of the Papers except the Courier ever published the price of shares of this Company. It was explained that the Directors had no control over this, every informati on was freely given to gentlemen connected with the Press. Air. GoLnssun said if they made the sixpenny carriages too comtertable, they should have no passengers in the otheurs: Mr. ENTWISTLE agreed with Mr. Goldsmid• c° mention at least half a dozen railways where the the lowest class carriages were oblig ed to stand. M tern the the anchester and Leeds, the ' Northern and El as s Shoreham, the Nottingham and Derby, the B ri g hton and passleienrgueserme Croydon, the Blackwall, &c. ed, i ook c e e h , ihnatvl having coursebee been of which a the meeting at some length, , w unanimously. Messrs. Walker, Wheeler, andheouthtehregyetpleunritenwaasddcraersrsieedd good deal of ft r a ctourned. settled, the meeting soon a e u s on t h e e n n su t The election of three Directors THE SUN,- LONDON, TUESDAY AIORNING, FEBRUARY 15, 1842. ping of this country, for instance, and handed over to foreign merchants. A statement hail been made showing the enormous sums of money necessarily spent in the pureetse of corn, in dear or scarce years, in comparison with plbntiful seasons; in a pamphlet of Alr. which was quoted by the Bight Hon. Gentleman (Sir R. Peel), it was stated, that at least fifteen Millinns of money more were paid for corn in years of seareity,• than the sum paid for it in seasons of ',key: A similar statement was made by arr. Whin - twee sled others, who had written upon the subject of tint commercial interests of this country, with reference to 'the interdiction of foreign corn; it might be shown that fifteen millions a year was the greatest sum put for :ern in seasons of scarcity. .11e( Mr. Wood) believed,for he heel made a calculation upon the subject, that: it amounted to thirty millions a year very frequently.—( Hear, hear.) 'Would ton that enormous additional price of corn put it entirely out of the power of a great many eersons to consume the same quan tity of it in scarce seasons as in those of abundance? 'I hat pretty cleverly represented the sacrifice which this country was obliged to make in consequence of the high price of corn.— ( Hear, hear.) If the price of corn was necessarily increased to the extent of thirty millions in one year, taking the average amount of -wages earned by families in this country, and de ducting from it the increased price of corn, what would he left for the -purchase of the other necessaries cf life? (Mr. Wood then went into a detail of the 'comearative sums expended for the purchase of coin in seasons of scarcity, and other necessaries of life.) The price of corn had Leen increasing materially while wages were gradually diminishing throughout the manufacturing districts of England. He (Mr. Wood) more particularly alluded to Halifax and °thee places with which he was connected. He alluded to places whereethough distress was great and very general, the misery or destitution of the people was not so appalling as in other parts of the coun try, yet wages had to his own knowledge fallen in those places more than one-fourth within the last few years; there fore if the price of corn, which was to essential an artie.e of food had been so much increased, how could it be wondered at that distress had also been very general, and very considerable augmented?—(Hear, hear.) he number of those depending upon agriculture was, as the Hight Hon. Gentleman ( sir It. Peel) said, a small proportion of the whole of those who de pended upon manufactures. There might be advantages attend ing the various propositions made, but upen the whole, he (Mr. Amid) was of opinion that, in times of peace, a e eat duty was the only mode by which a steady price li could he obtained. —(Hear, hear.) He believed that a s ding scale prevented any trade being carried on between this and other countries. It was his firm conviction, under all circumstances, that a mo derate fixed ditty might be sustained, and that the objections which the Right hon. Gentleman urged to a fixed duty could not be maintained. Under all the circumstances he was clearly of opinion that a fixed duty upon the introduction of foreign corn would be a positive advantage to the country at large.—( Hear, hear.) Mr. LIDDELL thought that the Fight Hon. Gentleman the Member for Halifax had commenced his speech in a tone of unwarrantable triumph, imagining that the Right Hon. Gen tleman the Vice-President of the Board of Trade had been entrapped in his able address into an ad mission that the proposition of the Government Has not likely to be acceptable to either party. As tar as his (Mr. Liddeli's) experience went he though he might dispel those illusions of toe Right Hon. Gentleman, because he be lieved that the measure of the Government would be acceptable not only to the agricultural interest, but likewise highly gra tifying to a large portion of the manufacturing and eominer nterests.—(Cries of " Oh, oh," and ironical cheers from t.posite side of the douse.) He would assert again that heved it would be acceptable to a large portion of the sfacturing and commercial interest who sanction th mea sure as a decided improvement in the present law.—( Hear, hear. ) If the assertions that had been made that the manu facturing, commercial, and agricultural interests woos inti mately interwoven, and that no measure relating toonebut must affect the other, he coed not see why the measures should not be beneficial as well to the manufacturing as the agricul tural interests. For his own part, he believed that this mea sure would be a signal improvement in the present law. mid one that was liteiy to confer great benefits on the country at large. The Right Hon. Gentleman then went on to argue upon the absurdity of the proposition of keeping this country dependent on foreign countries for a supply of coin ; where he would ask, did the Right Hon. Gentleman find that proposition stated on that side of the House. He (Mr. Liddell) thought that he made giants first, then he knocked them down; on that side of the House, such a notion had been repudiated. What they maintained was this, and in support of that they might revert to past experience that this country, with a fair harvest, could very nearly, if not entirely, supply the wants of its own population ; that argument had been maintained, and was to be justified by reference to facts ; but when the period came that the rise of prices indicated a deficiency of supply, then the value of the sliding scale was proved. They had never yet failed in such instances of obtaining from foreign countries a supply adequate to the wants of the country. The Right Hon. Gentleman then went on to argue against the present Corn-law, in ,consequence of its causing fluctuation in the price of grain. He (Mr. Liddell) had heard the same argu ments advanced before the fame's of Northumberland by a Noble Lord whose follower the Right Hon. Member for Hali fax was.—( Laughter.) That Noble Lord in vain appealed to the farmers in Northumberland. In that respect those argu ments were not successful. He (Air. Liddell) greatly re gretted the absence of that Noble Lord, and, recollecting the cause of that absence, he would abstain tram saying anything further ; but he could not help referring to the ar g uments of the Right Hon. Gent. opposite. The fluctuations of price to which he had adverted had not occurred by the competition. of foreign supply. As the subject of the Corn-laws excited at the present tune universal attention, he had looked with very great inte rest to the arguments made use of on both sides of the House. He had also attended to the speech of the Noble Lord opposite, in which he found recommendations, that when changes; were to be made they should take place upon sound principles. Now, he asked himself what were those 'Soiled principles—were they those of the Noble Lord, for which he Lad fought, bled, and fallen?—(Cheers) —or were they those of the Right Hon. Baronet, which he (Mr. Liddell) trusted would be cart ied into effect? The Noble Lord, before he proceeded to the consideration of this question, thought proper to put forth certain principles on which all changes ought to take place ; and he stated that one great object was conciliation of opponents. He felt that this measure had hot been brought forward before it was well considered ;. it had been judiciously arranged, and deserved and was entitled to the consideration of the House. He could not admit thct safety of the principle put forth by the Noble Lord, that in making any change, conciliation should be the great object in view. Now he (Mr. Liddell) remembered when the question of Catholic Emancipation was conceded, and it w as coucedid in the best spirit ; he remembered when that concession took place, that conciliation lasted but a short time.—( Hear, hear.) He remembered also, when the Noble Lord opposite introduced his great measure of Parliamentary reform, when some people thought he was going too far, the answer was con stantly the people would not be satisfied with less.—( Hear, hear.) Now they had all seen how little satisfied some men of extreme opinions were even with that measure, and the No ble Lord opposite might depend upon it that precisely she same conssquences would follow if, unhappily for the country, he were to succeed in carrying his proposition of a fixed duty of tis. It bad been admitted by all free traders that all duties on the necessaries of life were unsupportable and intolerable • what, therefore, was to be expected from such men, why that if they agreed one day to a fixed duty` hey would the next try to g et rid of it.-- ( Hear, hear.) at then was the duty of the Government in effecting chagges? In his opinion the duty of the Government was the adoption precisely of that line which the Right Hon. Baronet, at the heath of her Majesty's Gov ernment had adopted ; namely t , hat of carefully considering the details of the measure, and after such consideration fairly to lay the results before the country as the deliberate opinion of the Government. lie felt con vinced that the same arguments that had induced him to come to the pinion he had formed, would not faii to recommend the' measure of the Right .Hon. Baronet to the House and the country.—(Hear, hear.) Those who brought forward mea sures tor popular conciliation would find themselves as the N o b of f o t r h d e had Nobledone, Lord, n n disappointed h ea f i n of the a fi r x e e s d u lt. duty, Ina a h t d h e i n eargu mentsmt- d thrownl con demnation i in nn the e the a y s sliding nfeer free-trade where hy thespokehe sliding. ot scale, it impediments ap - peared to .him, that he was at guing on behalf of the merchant, who had entered into speculations ; his sole attention seemed to be directed to the chance of the success of the mei chant who had entered into the foreign trade, It was surely to be considered that the result of corn - mercial enterprise was of advantage to the country, but the merchant traded for his own exclusive interest, not for the in terest of the public. The Noble Lord brought his proposition before the House, and the country had rejected it at the last election. For his owe part, he did not think that at the time the Noble Lord brought forward his proposition he had any very sanguine hopes of carrying it in that House. The two questions fairly before the consideration of Pailtament were, s t t m te le r t- tltioe an swerhe-wnth,fiettheet.rtthbee c e n t tr ding y s a c t al l e a r o g r e ? a fi xneed wouldd ut me that a Corn-law League. He had, however , a ri g ht to assume the propositions put. fo rward by the Anti-Corn.!aw ywa n s ot tflo a of some sort was for the benefit of the country, and he concurred with the Right Honourable Baronet in thinking that the sliding scale was better than the fixed duty. The sliding scale conferred these two great advantages—on the one hand it secured to the home grower the command of the market, so long as he could supply it at a reasonable price ; and, on the other hand, it gave an opportunity to the foreign grower, when corn was so high here as to threaten a deficiency of supply. Ile thought that it had beets long ascertained that the sliding scale was superior to a fixed duty, and the opinions of Canning and Iluskision were so cistinctly in favour of the sliding scale, that he was surprised to see a large peaty in fa vour of a fixed duty. He believed that the measure which her Majesty's Government had brought forward, was calculated to realise the hopes entertained respecting it; and he had so many reasons for believing so, as altogether tojustify him in the support which he should give to the measure—that it was a de cided improvement on the present system, and removed many evils which he had not been blind to —(Cheer..) He firmly believed, and if any party in which he placed confidenc, had brought the present measure forward within the last ten years, he should willingly have supported it.—( Hear, hear.) Now with regard to the question of averages, and the frauds committed and said to have been committed by' fictitious means and undue returns. He believed a good deal of that sort of trickery had taken place ; he had made certain inquiries in the market of I\ ewcastle, and had at times heard large ,ales had been fraudulently made, but on wi,hing for for further inforination there was so much reserve as to giving authority that he (Mr. Liddell) was not able to lay before the House any certain facts, but it was quite notorious that great frauds had taken place in taking the averages. He thought the provisions introduced into the proposed plan, if not entirely sufficient, would be adequate to prevent frauds.— ( Hear, hear.) The widening the range of those towns in which the averages should be taken would induce individuals no longer to combine, but to make honest and honourable returns. His Right Hon. Friend, the Vice-President of the Board of Trade,, went into many of the objections made to the present law in so masterly a style, that he (Mr. Liddell) would not go over the same ground, particularly as to the derange ments produced in the country. It appeared to him (i l ir . Liddell) that there was one point in which this de rangement in the country might be contemplated , it w a s the export of h u lli c n i n exc hange for supplite of foreign corn. t o h f e The insuffi c i enc y o f th e h arve st in this country required a great supply of foreign corn, and which must be paid f o r i n triagdhet showed, h H n o n n e . d Gentleman, whatever the was the Vice-President sta te e f the Corn-law s , of a th supposing a deficiency in the harvest took place, the derangement of the currency mutt take place. It was net fair, therefore, to lay on the fixed duty, or on the sliding scale, the deficienciesz i the currency, which were, in fact, owing to dthee deficiency al i more money there ra n i the harvest. But they had heard a great four successive seasons might ten nut uhnetsroy much n eti undoubtedlydistress; if b ut . there th e t w .,a e t r i e t of money must be lard to the deficient supply, the result of of there must be ebbs plenty again of scarcity ; and should a season for it was certain t a h a be dissipated. occur, there cloud on their horizon might antdfa th .h a a t te i v t er wa b s ra im ne p h oss o ib f le tr t a o de de i n n y c t o l n i l t . t com merce ca p u ro se m d ise G d y flows in all pensions of our trade ; into it so much, that th . r ever -production, over-production produced an r te es sremuneration,eeti became capital lowered; flowedgreat over-glutted market, and slackness of trade followed, which could only be assimulated to the ebbs and flows of the tide.-- (Hear, hear. ) Let them hope that b e f ore l on g the current would change—that by treating be brought forth and matured these impo e tant subjects with the calmness and the deliberation clue t o th em , a measu re might 'e the vie acountry, zest protect th e a g r i c ultural, at of ga had d h b ie e h ea m m i o g s h t t invigorate shaken the . weakened resources to the ma nu f ac t uring i n t e rests, an the d s r a e m st e or t e imetht it confidence a where it, eia - 1 ici the el he be M all 11 Dr. BOWRIN i said he hoped he might be allowed to i say a few words, es the Right Honourable Baronet opposite, in bringing forward his Corn-law scheme, had thought fit to make use of some statements of his (Dr. Bowring's). He could not agree, however, with the deductions drawn by the Right Horn Baronet from those documents of which he made Use, for though it should have proved that the people of this country were in a better condition than those of a foreign land, he (Dr. Bowring) did not see why the people of Eng land should continue in a state of wretched destitution ; for after all, this and every law should be subject to one great test, should be constituted so as to produce happiness to the multitude—(Hear, ar)—and if he could prove that this law was pernicious to many, he thought he had made out a great cause for a change.—( Hear, hear. ) But the Right Hon. Baronet omitted to quote many portions of the Report which he had done him (Dr. Bowring) the ho nour to refer to. He (the Right Hon. Baronet) did not say that there was a great improvement latterly in the condition of the people of Prussia; and while the people here daily got worse and worse, and became more unfortunate, the situation of the eople if Prussia was every day getting better. The Right Hon. Baronet found a passage in which he gave some account, furnished no doubt by the Prussian Government, of the con sumption in Prussia of various articles of food, but there was an enormous difference in the consumption of different places, as there was here in the consumption of different chisse , . The average consumption of this country was greater than the consumption on the Continent, but that of the working classes here was less than elsewhere. The consumption of sugar and other articles hat doubled on the Continent since 1832 ; and in many other articles there was a constant increase of con sumption in Prussia. The consumption of spirits was twice or three times as great in Prussia as it was in England, and the consumption of vegetables was very much greater. .There was also much more.money spent in Prussia than in this country in hooks, and for purposes of instruction. 'I hroughout Prussia, he was bound to say, that the working classes seemed most willing to lay aside portions of their arnings for their mental improvement. The stock-framers of Saxony, he had rea sen to know, from a communication he had received, were a frugal and thrifty people, who were in general the owners of the houses in which they lived. Ard he believed that there were very few of the most industrious artisans in this country of whom the same thing could be said. The returns from different parts of the country were very varfing as to the amount of corn .consumed. In London the con sumption of animal food wses stated to be 107 lbs. per head, and Lord Ashburton placed the average comsumption at more than one 100 lbs., while he (Dr. Bowring) placed the average, if the entire country at no more than 50Ios. An Hon. IZart. who had long been a member of that house, and who had taken a great deal of pains to a-certain the consumption of animal food in Cornwall, estimated it at 45 lbs. per head. But in many of our workhouses the consumption was greater than that. In the Hulks the consumption of animal food was 3lbs. Buz. per week ; and in one of our colo nies, Hobart 'fown, servants were allowed 101bs. 3oz. per week. • Taking the whole population of this country to be £6,000,000, and the average consumption to be tabs. per annum, 4,000,000 might be supposed to be consumed by the opulent and middle classes, thus leaving only 8,000,0001b5. for the 22,000,000 of the working class, or 241bs. per head, which was undoubtedly less than the average consumption in the other states of Europe. It appeared from documents he had received from the French Government that the average consumption in hat country amounted to 20 killogrames, or 441bs. English, while, in the city of Paris, the average consumption amounted to 46 k.ll , grames, or 102Ibs. English. He had reason to believe, from returns he had received from Belgium, that the average consumption in that country amounted to 961b5., which was nearly double what he had ventured to state as the average consumption here. In Belgium the army was allowed 14 killogrames per wick, or 2001 ts. per year ; and the navy, 2 killogrames per week, or 2281b5. per year. In voting for the motion of the Noble Lord, he should be very much grieved if it were supposed that he concurred in any argument tavourable to a fixed duty upon corn.—(Hear, hear, hear.) He believed that the time was when the fixed duty Which the Noble Lord had proposed would have been welcurned by the public, who, he believed now repudiated it ; and he thought .he Hon. Member who had just spoken was pea: silly right in the lesson he had given the Noble Lord in respect to finality. He believed that no settlement but a total repeal of the duty upon fund—(Lout cries cf Hear, hear, from the Ministerial benches )—Would satisfy public opinion, or ensure the public tranquillity. 'Some reference had been made to the effect of of the sliding scale Olson our relations with foreign countries ; and. the Right Hon. the Vice-President of the Board of Trade Awed that the United States were adjacent, and that the Corn-laws did not operate.on our relations with that copntry in an unfriendly or pernicious way. But that could not certainly he said in relation to more distant parts, such as Efsypt or Odessa. He held in his hand a letter from a merchanten Leg horn, which stated that speculations in corn w ith England were so desperate or uncertain; that though wheat were 90$. 'h quarter here, no prudent man would venture to embark corn for Brigland. Some cargoes had lately been embarked f om Egypt;eVut the speculation proved most disastrous to the adventurers.; ; Egypt might, however, be made the granary of the world if her trade were properly encouraged. It appeared to him that the new measure of the Right Hon. Baronet would be in effect mole stringent and despotic than the present ; and although there were frauds under the existing ays em, these' frauds were in reality for the benefit of the consumer.—(Hear.) Combination was easy; those who made the returns were not under any very heavy responsibility, and public sympathy was whh them.--(Hear, hear.) Now, the returns were intended to he accurate ; the duty uf making them was entrusted to a branch of the executive which was lei ked upon with dislike, and which would perform the duty in a most stringent' man ner. The addition of 150 towns must also tend to lower the averages, and by so doing to increase the duty. ' 'fife only question the public asked was on what condition could they rece ve corn at a low duty ; and be would affirm, that under the prosiosed system, they could no; actually get corn imported at so low a rate of duty as they would under the ex'istiln , s3s tern. Under the present law corn was actually adniittetr when the real price was from 655. to 665.: but under the proposed plan it could not be admitted at the low duty until the price ineLactually reached 73e. He would refer to the documents before their House to show the amount of corn returned, from which the averages had been calculated, in order to show hoe small was the quantity returned from which the duty was calcula ted. In 1836, the year in which the largest quantity had been re ' turned for the calculation of the averages, the amount returned was only 4,333,000 quarters, and in the year 1829, in which the least quantity had been returned, it amounted to 2,500,000 quarters. The average annual quatity by which the amount of duty was regulated, did not exceed three and a half million quarters. Under these circumstances he felt but little anxiety respecting the amendment of the_ Honourable Member for Linconlnshire, and as far as he ( Dr.. Bowring) was concerned, and there were many who thought ith him, the Right Honourable Baronet might make the Hon. Gentleman a present of the difference between the 20s. and the 255. The Right Hon. Baronet had stated that that he thought 565. about the pivot price, hut he was of opinion that from 54a. to 585., would be a proper remunera tion to the agriculturist. Now if that was the case. what legitimate grounds could there be for making the price per manently 735. ?—( Hear, hear.) ( The lion. Member here referred to some documents which he held in his hand, when some Hon. Member on the Ministerial side called out in a feigned voice, " aye, read," for which the Speaker called the Honourable Member to order. This interruption created some laughter on the Ministerial side of the House, but was met by indignant cheers from the Opposition.) He understood certainly, that in addressing the trolse, Members had a right to refer to documents.—(Cheess.) He was aware that the House was disinclined to listen to statistical details, but in treating of such a subject a reference to them was absolutely necessary. Mr. Meek bad estimated that the whole of the corn which could be exported from the corn-growing countries of Europe to England would only amount to two and a halt million quarters of wheat; and his (Dr. Bowring's) opinion was, that the whole world would scarcely furnish more than double the quantity, and his perfect persuasion was, that if trade was prosperous, and a free trade in corn permitted, the whole of the additional quantity would be consumed, and no less a quantity produced at home. Looking to the dimi nished importations of the different corn-growing countries of Europe, and to the increase in our population, he feared rather that the time was not far distant when they might find it diffi cult to produce food for the people, than that we should •be deluged with an over-supply. lti many places there was a growing indisposition to export corn. Many countries had endeavoured to procure the partial opening of our ports to their cora, offering in return to receive our manufactures. They had been met with ,a refusal, not from any unwillsngness on the part of her Majesty's late Government to promote the trade of the country, but be cause they knew that su c h i mprovement cou ld on ly be ob tained t heh enbeyti benefit of asking ther t i h g e eou a n g t r t i y, eu a l n t ud that a i l ta i interests tteirmess those sacrifices to make s t a h c e ri a fi u ee tural interest was not w illi ng to ma k e. Wi t h regar d to t h e United might States, British manufacturers supply the greater portion at.e would have mountainsavew furnished ere beco m a ir, of the United States. B u t h e state d , on t h e aut t n r ity o f an ri s cu for l- American gentleman, th a t the emigrants beyond the Alhe gn.y sboundlessmanufacturers.'fieldfor t he Th i e m U po n r i t t a ed Mates g tion of our manufactures, if we would have consented to an in terchange of commodities ; but by our Corn-laws we had forced them to become our manufacturing rivals instead of our cus-. tomers. At the present moment the cotton manufacture of the United States was one-fourth in extent compared with that of Great Britain. Emigration • was reducing the value of labour there, by adding to the population, and the consequence was that, instead of increasing our com merce, we had forced those people to become our rivals, and they were no w d r i v i ng us out o f t h e mar k ets. The Right ion. Baronet would excuse him for reading a passage frorl one of the reports which the Right Hon. Gentleman had done him the honour to quote for the purpose of showing the operation of the English Corn-laws on the agricultural interests of foreign states.—(The Hon. Gentleman here read an extract from one of his reports, for the purpose of showing all the fluctuations in the English Corn market were fclt with increased effect in the foreign Corn market, producing a depreciation of price in the early part of the sea -1 son, when the small cultivator was forced to bring his produce to the market, while it added immensely both to the price ob tained by the wealthy proprietor or the speculative merchant, who could afford to wait to take advantage of the inordinate profits of an uncertain demand. That the English Corn-law also deranged the whole monetary system of Europe in consequence of the sudden:manner in which it interfered with the exchanges. ) If they look to the history of past times they would find that the increase of our rnanutactures had increased immensely the value of land and the amount of rent. From 1697 to 1786 England was a corn exporting country. Then came a transi tion in which manufactures began to be introduced. In 1817 the importation had began, and had continued Yarling from its lowest annual amount, 424,000 quarters in the year 1823 to its highest annual amount of 3,100,000 quarters in 1839, making an average annual importation of '2,500,000 quarters. At the period when corn was exported from this country, the cost must have been on the average at least 6s. a quarter in this country more than in the places to which it was exported. Now, no one would eitimate the difference since, atless than 6s. h.gher in this country than in those of the continent, which showed an advantage in favour of the corn growers here, of 12s. a qua:ter at the least—(Hear, hear). No one would estimate the quantity of corn grown yearly at less than 45,000,000 quarters. '1 his increased the value of the. rental by 27,000,0001. which gave to the owners of the fee simple, a gain of 810,000,000/., in the thirty years. But the land lord talked of the burdens the land had to bear, as a reason of covering it with a protection which was possessed no where else. He hoped that the House would have returns to illustrate that part of the question before the conclusion of the debate. In Belgium the budget last year was 3,500,0601., of which the land paid 1,363,0001., which is nearly as much as the whole amount of the land tax in this eountry.— ( Hear.) In Prussia the direct taxes amounted to 6,700,0001., of which the land contributed directly (as was understood) nearly 4,000,0001. In Austria the t axes amount ed t o 16,000,0001., of which 8,000,0001., fell upon the land. In France there were 40,000,0001., and the hates upon land amounted to 14,000,0001. —an impost so heavy that it was_ divided into twelve c ollections, and was received by collectors Every month. Now, in this country, the land-tax was not one-fortieth part of the revenue.—( Hear, hear.) He hoped that in this debate they would receive some information as to how the landlords had managed this, while the burdens of the people went on in creasing in the meantime in an enormous progression.—( Hear, hear.) Take the rental of sixty parishes in the poorest part Scotland, which was, in 1660, no more than 17,8381. From 1791 to 1796, it was augmented to 227,8241. In the years 1832 and 1341, it had risen to 744,273/. —( Hear, hear.) But in all that time, from 1660 to the present period, the land-tax had remained the same, vastly as the burdens of the people had been augmented in the meanwhile.—(Hear, hear, and ' some laughter from the Tory benches,) He thought that this was a state of things which could not long be tolerated.=(" Hear, hear," and laughter on the Tory l ido.) It was vain to suppose that this question would be disposed of out of doors as easily as it was in that House. — (Cheers.) The feeling of the people was growing terrible.— (Ironical cheers and laughter.) It was not for them (the Opposition) to menace though they might foretel ; and he would say that the prospect was full of darkness and dan ger,' and there could be no solution of this question but that the bread of the people should not be taxed.—( Loud cheering from the Opposition ) Mr. FER RAND then rose amidst loud cries of " Adjourn." He had been requested by the working classes of the north of England to stand up and defend them from their oppressors.—(Tory Cheers and laughter from the Opposition.) He hoped he would receive a patient hearing from the House, for which he and the working classes would be truly grateful. From his youth he had lived amongst the working classes, and the , first public act of his life was to stead up and defend them from the allegations of their oppressors. He had their autho rity to say that the allegations of the petitioners from the Anti- Corn-law League were false, and that the sienatures to them were obtained by fraud and oppression. The manufacturers belonging to the League exacted the signatures of their work people, with a tyranny that. was an ou t r age upon the liberty •of the subject..—(Tory cheers.) Before he oroceeded ' to prove that, he wished to advert to What had been said by the Noble Lord the Member for Lon don. The Noble Lord said that this was a question for the country, and not for the Legislature to decide. Well, the Noble Lord appealed to the country, and there he had its an swer.— e b y a majority , uponi()ri tyof the s n l i i n d e i n i g n scale.the (Great cheering on the Tory side.) The Noble Lord ap pealed to the c itietry on the fixed d u t y, an d t h e Ri g ht Hon. Baronet Noble Lord (fir was lt. backedPel) appealed London—some said of nine dead men.—( Great laughter and ele crb.g.) The Right Hon. Baronet was b ac k e d by a majo rity of 91 living representatives in that H ouse . But the Noble Cit T y h of e Lord, boiling with rage at his ignominious defeat, declared that the majority on that (the Tory) side had been obtained by titty false eretenees. But in the \Vest Riding of Yorkshire, Lord Morpcth, in the presence of his Hon. Friends below him (Mr. S. Wortley and Mr. Beckett), who were now the Member; for the West Riding and for Leeds, raid there could be no mistake as to the question at issue—it was whether the country would have a moderate fixed duty or the present Corn laws. There was no mistake then in the decision of the West Riding.— (Cheers. ) But Mr. Baines, of the Leeds Mercury —( A laugh)—had said that there could be no mistake about the West Riding—that there the sentiments of the manufactur-• mg classes would be expressed—( Great laughter and cheering on the Ministerial side) —and they, the manufacturers, declared is favour of the present Corn-laws.—( Renewed cheers.) When the Anti-Corn-law League was agitating the country, they published most. infamousplacards in every district, denouncing the landlords as " base, brutalZand bloody' _se( Cheers)—and they were now raising the money to pay for their agitation, by ex posing their wives and daughters in Manchester to the insults of any hall-drunken rascals that chose to pay a shilling for the the amusemeet.—(Great laughter.) What was the compari son Letween their gains and those of the landlords? Why, there was the firm of Messrs. Marshall of Leeds, who hart made, in the coarse of a very few years, two millions of money, and had become landed proprietors. 'fire Hon. Member then read an advertisement from the proprietor of a large and well watered estate in Belgium, inviting English manufacturers to join him in establidilog factories upon it. The advertisement stated that about 700 operatives could be had from the surrounding villages, and that in making a mill of 10,000 or 12,000 spindles a saving of 2,000/. a year would be effected; and farther, the Belgian flax-mills were protected by a duty of 10 percent., that farther duties were expected, and that, elm,• all, wages were much lower than in England. This was a specimen of the real feeling of the Anti-Corn-law ma nufacturers of the north. Yet the Hon. Member for Manches ter stood as high in credit as ever. 'lhe Hon. Member for Sal ford, having amassed an enormous fortune by the manufacturing business, had now retired, determined to devote the remainder of his I fe to a removal of its evils.—(Hear, hear, and laughter. ) The Hon. Member for Stockport had amassed a million by ma nufactures, and while he complained last year that Lancashire was ruined, he was running nis mills day and night.---(Hear. Indeed, he carried the principles of free trade so far that he might be called a freebooter—(Hear, hear)—fat he had got 70,0001. out of the public money. As a farther specimen of their feeling, he (Mr. F.) would dissect an , Anti-Corn law petition adopted at a meeting in the town of Bingley last ;wa rner. The petition was full of the usual phrases about nevi gating the earth, and exchanging bobbins for cheese across the elps.—(Laughrer and cheers.) Of the thirteen persons signing the petition, the first had erected one of the largest nulls in the country, and he held another.--(Hear, hear.) The second had -four cotton-mills, said to produce an income of 18,0001. a year ; he had an estate in England, was con sideret to be worth 25,0001. a year, and was still accumu lating wealth. The third was a linendraper a few years since, but within a few years he purchased a mill, fitted up two more, and was carrying on a rattling trade.—( Laughter.) The fourth was an operative paper-maker twelve years ago, but within the last five years he purchased a large paper-mill, had a pretty landed estate, and kept his carriage and pair. •1 he fifth had erected a large mill and had filled it with power-lootns. The next, from being a grocer, accumulated a nice fortune, educa ted his children in first-rate style, and, being a Dissenter, in troduced his son to a living - in the Established Church. The 'hers were manufacturers, mill-owners, and rich men, or were the relatives and dependants of the foregoing. But this was not all—one of the leaders, while accusing the landlords of grinding the poor, took a mill himself, and instead of em ploying his own poor neighbours, be went to Lancashire, where, in consequence of the infamous conspiracy between the Poor law Commissioners and the Cotton. spinners, for equalising wages, and reducing the 10 per cent. that had been advanced to the poor weavers, he picked up a number of poor fami lies, who had been reduced to such distress that they were glad to eat food off their dunghills, and brought them to Bmgley to amass another fortune out of their sinews, casting off those whom he hail brought up and educated around him, to stiffer the moat frightful disiress.—( Hear, hear.) Those oppo.ite him might wt 1l blush at this disclosure, for it exposed that the secret of the Manchester Anti-Corn-isw League was to reduce waees— (Great cheering from the Tory Benches) —to the level of those on the Continent, to fill their mills with power-mills, to cast off the working peo,-le to wander seeking for work in miserable distress.—(hear, bear. ) The • Anti-Corn-Law League said that many manufacturers hail become - insolvent through the Corn-laws; the fact was that these men were never insolvent in their lives.--(Great cheering:) He would dieet ibe the manufacturers of the present day—.they were the remnant of that high-minded class of men who raised the com merce and trade of this country to the highest respectability, who walked through the market-.streets with honesty in their countenances, and stood upon Change not fearing to look their creditors in the face.—( Cries of "Hear," and cheers. ) There were few who dared to follow in their steps. The re mainder were men who knew no bounds to their desire of accu mulating wealth. There were a set of men who haul been set up in trade by joint-stock banks, and many of these banks were litt'e better than societies for the protection of swindling. —(Laughter and cheers.) They got their names entered on the joint-stock bank, they then went to the wool-staplers and offered to purchase. a quantity of wool. They referred the wool-stapler to their joint-stock banks, and they said, " Oh, yes, he is a highly respectable man, you need mt be afraid to trust him." - (Cheers and laughter.) The purchase was then made, the wool was sent home a n d i mme di a t e ly converted into goods, and these goods w ere i n t h e f o ll o wing wetk sold for ready money ; the conseque nce was th e y sacri fices to a large amount to the merchant, who purchased the goods. When the time came to pay for the wool, they gave the manufacturer a two months' bill. Therefore, they had to pay five months' interest. The consequence wee these men could go on very prosperously, had to make goods in the market, but when there came a stagnation in trade they immediately broke. What a scene there was then so long as there was a call for in the Court of Bankruptcy. The manufacturers and trades people who had been for years amassing a small amount of ctpital, found themselves suddenly ruined by the artful villlany and swindline of this man. This man had scarcely crossed the threshold of the Bankruptcy Court before he was started in trade again. He had some friend, who personated his petitioning creditor, who had a claim to a large ainount, and if there was a shilling or eighteenpence in the pound the man came in as the largest creditor, and immediately turned the syesnte:vmhheeln'etyhe poor went to re money over to the bankrupt to commence trade again. The commencement of the Corn -law League took place about three years ago, and they attempted first only an alteration in the Corn-laws, but they found very few supporters in the country. They then looked out for the enemies of the Church, and told them that if they would join them ;(the League) in ob taing the repeal of the Corn-law, then the Established Church should be attacked—( Cheers)—after this the Hon. and Learned Member for Cork was invited to a dinner, arid there he de clared that the manufacturer s were possessed of sufficient wealth to buy all the landed estates of the nobility of England. He then asserted that the landlords' bread was softened by the widow's tears, and their claret dyed with the children's blood. Be (Mr. Ferrand) would ask what had the farmers to expect of these cotton lords, if they were able to purchase the landed estates of England? What was their principle when they purchased an estate? Why immediately to have it re- valued.lThey carried the principle of their ledger into their rent roll. The rents were doublsd, and he (111 r. Ferrand) had known many families to have been ruined by the oppression of these men. He remembered an instance where a poor farmer had had his rental doubled. He struggled on for a few years against this increase, and then he had to pay the few hundred i ounds he. had saved to meet his rent ; and when the time came when he found that his cattle would have to be seized by his landlord, he died of a broken heart, and it was not long before his wife followed him.—( Hear, hear.) Their eldest son, by dint of iadustry, endeavoured to keep the family together, but the la t time he (Mr. Ferrand) had heard of him, reason had left her empire o'er his brain, he was the inmate of a lunatic asalum. But he ( Mr. Ferrand) would ask these cotton spinners and members of the An, i-Corn-ntw League if they did not want to increase their profits by increasing the prices of labour ?—( Loud cheers from the Ministerial Benches-) They wished to become the cote merchants of the land, they wished to make granaries of their mills, and to ire their machinery to grind their corn. —(Laughter. ) But they could not deceive ' the working classes. They had striven to make them believe it, but their agitators could not do it. They wished the N a v rn ish o e u d nt ca o poor of England to the labourer trai c h l r e ee clown to of having noutgi: his h h i ste e rN m uv lacy truck system? wages s n sl dypsatciedo t m h mi the w ith their scanty buy corn. This was a part of their system, but what came manufacturing districts, ngHeoaxottdi goods? they HTa This ies H v e‘ovrna heard ei ll ,aa i r e rdt m eo b tf e tris the r f ri m ed oneyto out. — (Cheers from the Ministerial b manu facturers in the north of England. He would produce before tyranny Oppression - sod more particularly to the treatment r . if e. _the poor by the that House a system of tyrat , plunder dis graceful to a civilised country. facturer ceive their work from the manu The wool they found it con sisted of very inferior articles, dealt out to them scarcely that they could , get the comb th roug h i t . v as so poor that period vt Inch ought The Saturday came,to be the swe etest of the week to the w orking re an —th e t period when h i s labour, and hi s he received the price of 1 they think hire, the reward of his labour ; from whom diet but he received it ?—not from the master of the mil "a ' nd h an overlooker. That overlooker examined the work, . ... e found fault with it. He said " you have done this ss , erk ill, and I must deduct so 'I he poor weaver much from your wages." only received • a week, and about three or four shilli ngs . the wages of the overlooker were partly rod o fl u e t. fO. what he deducted from these poor people.. would now come to the poor, who had their small amount of wages paid in goods. Their wages were i paid to them in rotten flour and cheap corn, and when the poor nan earried it home to his wife and family, after in vein induci n g he had his master to give him money, he found that the flour . taken home the week be:ore, and given to his f aint ly, was unfit to he consumed. It had made the children sick.—( Loud laughter.) He (Mr. F.) asserted this as a truth ; he had h ear d i t f rom t h e mouths of hundreds of the working classes.—(Loud cheers from the Ministerial benches.) And thus it was that the work ing men had no hope of relief or succour from the Anti- Corn law League ;the only chance they l had of being assisted was by the landed interest of England rallying round them, and res cuing them from tyranny and opp.ression.—(Cheers from the Ministerial benches, answered by ironical cheers and laughter from the Opposition.) These were the men for whom the landed interest of England was to be destroyed—these were the men 'Who trampled the poor under were the men who were to become the soul of - tEngland—hese were the men who ruined the character of British merchants on the Continent— these were the men who lived and moved and had their being for money alone. Money was the sole motive of their life. They cared not how they got it, or what crue l ty t h ey a d o pted, so long as they amassed wealth. They sought to reduce the price of labour, to raise enormous profits, and declared their religion to be in their trade. They were, to use the language of Burke, a set of men who looked at their ledgers, and not to their Bibles--their country house as their church, ►heir money as their God. (He ( Mr. Farrand) had heard a great deal said about the principles of free-trade, and th.t they were to Axe the country.—( Hear, hear. ) It happened that during the recess the Noble Lord the Member for the City of London and the Member for. Tiverton were, something like the poor in the parish of Bingley, wandering up and down the country in search of employment.—( Cheers and laughter.) He (Mr. Ferrand) had not a copy of the address presented to the N,,ble Lord the Member for the City of Lon don, all that he remembered of it was, that it asserted that the principles of free trade were those upon which he was rettirned, and that his would be a very easy office. He (Mr. Ferra nd) supposed that during the last few days he had been trying to prove that in that House.—( Loud cheers and laughter.) He had tried to find out the principles of free trade from Adam Smith, M'Culloch, Ricardo, and Huskisson, but it s was reserved for the Hon. Member for Wolverhampton to dispel the cloud that hung around these men. The Hon. Members for Bolton and Stroud had become bright constellations—( Laughter)— and the Hon. Member for Dumfries was the morning star— (Great laughter)—and the two Noble Lords were the sun and moon of the expansive social and divine systeni. . (Laughter.) The Hon. Member then read extracts from Mr. M'Culloch's " Principles of Political Economy," from Adam Smith's " Wealth of Nations," and from Mr. Malthus, to prove that it was beneficial to secure the home market to the home producer. He could show that Mr. Huskisson was of opinion that this country could not thrive under the operation of a fixe I duty on corn. He would appeal, before he sat down, to the landed interest, and ask it if they would assist the manu facturers to reduce the wages of the working classes. The labourers nevi r appealed to the landed classes in vain, who were always ready to steed by them in their necessities.— ( Heat, hear.) The labouring classes looked to them with confidence, and they felt assured that the Right Hon. Baronet would assist them , bit., above all, they looked on the landed in terests as their best friends.—( Cheers.) . S.r WILLIAM CLAY (as we understood) moved the ad journment of the debate, which was agreed to. Mr. PEMBERTON moved for leave to bring in a Bill to enable hi; Royal Highness tho Prince of Wales . to grant leases, which was agreed to. 1 he other orders of the day were then disposed of, and the House adjourned at Twenty 'Minutes to One o'Clock. THE CORN-LAWS. MEETING AT SOUTHWARK A public meeting of the electors and inhabitants of the Borough of Southwark, was yesterday held at the Town hall in the Borough, for the purpose of aonsidiriug the propriety of petitioning Parlia ment against Sir Robert Peel's new Corn law scheme, and of ad. dressing her ISLjesty on the subject. The meeting was called by the High Bailiff, in compliance with a requisition most numerously and respectably signed, which was presented to him immediately after the details of the Ministerial measure became known. The High Bailiff took the Chair at one o'clock. Among those present we observed Mr. Cooper, Mr. Weston, Mr.. Pske, Mr. Embleton, Mr. Vousely, Mr. J. Q. Harris, M.P., Mr. ltainstie, Mr. Proven, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Maynard. Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Riven, Mr. Jeanes, Mr. Hearne, Mr. Taylor, Mr. French, Mr. Martin, Mr. Soler, Mr. Balls, &e. The CIIAIRMAN said, that having received a requisition, signed by upwards of 200 inhabitants of the Borough, he had felt it his duty to comply with the request ; anu he trusted the meeting would give every one a fair hearing, and their resolutions could not fail to produce a great effect in the proper quarter. Mr. WESTERN rose to move the first resolution. He had de. clined to attend the last meeting on the subject, because Sir Robert Peel had stated that it was his intention to take the subject of the Corn-laws into his most serious consideration, and to endeavour to devise some measure which should be satisfactory to all classes. Under these circumstances, he had thought it but fair to Sir Robert Peel, to abstain from interfering. Most of those who heard him were aware that he was more in the habit of acting with the party now in power than with the other party; but he retarded the present as a most serious, as a most sacred cause.---(Cheers.) When they saw the constitution of the present 'House of Commons, they could not but be aware that they were banded together to sup. port the present system, and that even if the Ministers wished to introduce any great alterations, it would not be in their power to do so ; therefore, he had not anticipated any great relief from the Ministerial measure, but he had thought it his duty, to'wait to hear what they had to say.—(Careers.) That House had been elected by a combination of the landowners, with the owners of mortgages, and he was sorry to say with the clergy.—(Cries of " Shame, shame ")—who, from old associations, from their desire to keep up their tithes, had acted in a manner unbecoming ministers of the Christian :religion.—(Hear, hear.) (Mr. Alderman Humphery, M.P., here entered the Hall, and was received with a loud burst of hisses, mingled with a few cheers. Order laving been partially restored, through the inter vention of Mr. Maynard, Mr. Weston proceeded.) Every circum• stance showed the existence of a combination among the land owners on this subject. (Mr. B. Wood, M.P., here entered the Hall, and was received with loud cheers.) He was aware last sum mer that there was a prospect of Blot an indifferent crop of wheat, but the Agricultural Associations had taken immense pains to cir. culate reports throughout the country that there was every prospect of an abundant harvest. They had circulated these reports for, the purpose of preventing corn being admitted from abroad, azid they had done so at a time:whets they must have known the crop to have been any thing but abundant.—(Cheers.) Did not all these facts go to prove the existence of a confederation of the landowners?—(Loud cheers.) Was it not most inconsistent cn the part of the clergy to get up i❑ their pulpits, and offer prayers for fine weather, and next day give all their energies to support a law which prohibited their countrymen from benefiting by the bounty of Almighty God ? Tile crop during the last season had turned out even worse than the most gloomy anticipators had expected. If it had not been for the dis. tress that had prevailed, and still continued to prevail, and also for the consequence of that distress, the small demand, the price of corn would have risen enormously high. The fart was, the poor had been starved, and the price continued moderate. But for that circumstance corn would have been t is. or '205. per quarter dearer than at present. Sir It. Peel in introducing his measure, had ad mitted the great distress that pervaded the whole country. He also had admitted that distress was borne with the greatest patience by the people ; but yet. had he brought in a measure that would alleviate the prevailing distress? No such thing. He brought in a measure which would merely secure something to the revenue and for the benefit of the landed proprietor maintain corn at almost its usually high price. Sir It. Peel had no right to take credit for his measure. He had been by no means happy in the comparison which he had thought proper to institute between the Prussian -people and the inhabitants of this icountrY.-a-(Cheers.) Amongst the former there were but two:classes, the mobility and their serfs. In England there were four or five different classes, and among many of which lie would even call tire subordinate classes, he would instance servants, more meat was eaten than by the not:les of Prussia.—(Hear, hear.) It was ridiculous. It was a mockery—Cheers)—to seek to de ceive the people thus, by arguments of which everybody must see the fallacy. Mr. Weston was then about to read an article on the subject from Bell's Life in London, when he was interrupted by loud ci ies of " Adjourn, adjourn to the Leather-market." Mr. HLARNE, amidst the greatest uproar and confusion, intimated to the meeting that it was probable that another meeting would be held on the subject this evening, but that if they adjourned the present one now, the petitions to the House of Commons would not be in time to be presented this evening.—(Cries of " Adjourn," and much confusion, in the midst of which Mr. Maynard endeavoured to obtain a hearing, but to no purpose' Mr. VOUSELEY then advanced, and silence having been, in some measure, restored, said that the proposition of adjournment would be a very good one if they had any place to adjourn to.—(Cries of "To the Leather Market.") As this was Market-day it would be impossible to adjourn there.—(lncreased confusion.) Mr. VVes - roat again came forward, and said that the Ministers, in introducing into her Majesty's Speech a paragraph, recommending the revision of the Corn-laws, did but offer an insult to the dignity of her Majesty, who no doubt firmly believed the Ministers had really intended to legislate for the advantage of the people on the subject.—(Cheers, and loud cries of " Adjourn, adjourn.") Mr. Weston then attempted to read the petition, but the tu mult and confusion were so much increased it was impossible to hear a syllable. The persons who occupied the body of the Hall called on the Chairman, from all directions, to adjourn, and several voices called on Alderman Humphery to give the meeting the use of a room in his premises to adjourn to. This suggestion seemed to meet with general approbation, and elicited loud cheers, mingled with cries of " Adjourn, adjourn." Mr. COOPER then presented himself to the meeting ; and, silence having been partially restored, he stated that Al derman Humphery had at once consented to accommo. date the meeting with the use of part of his premises in Montague-close.—(This announcement was received with loud and reiterated cheers.) Mr. alderman Huumenzer then advanced to the front of the plat. form and was warmly greeted ; he said he would with great pleasure give the meeting a room in his premises if they wished to adjourn there—Loud cheers) —and if they signified their wishes to do so, he would in five minutes have a platform or stage prepared for their accommodation.—(Vehement cheeriug.) Mr. MAYNARD again addressed, the meeting, and urged the pro. priety of their retiring peaceably and quietly. They should meet in hundreds and in thousands, :and show their enemies that they had but one common object in view, and that was that they were determined to be free.—( Cheers.) The question of adjournment was then put and carried by accla. mation, and the meeting adjourned to Montague-clase. THE ADJOURNED MEETING, • The adjourned meeting was held in a room of one of Mr. Alder man's warehouses, to which the High Bailiff and the other gentle men, proceeded in a body. They were joined here by several hundreds, who could have found no place in the Town Hal. But the room, though spacious, afforded in other respects but very im perfect accommodation, either to the press or to the public; and we regret to state that our report of the procedings must therefore, be very imperfect. Mr. WILLIAM Fawns seconded the adoption pf the petition to Parliament which had been moved by Mr. Weston, against the proposed measure.of Sir R. Peel, which the petition denounced as insufficient and utterly valueless. The Hon. Gentleman proceeded to say that Sir Reber t Peel himself acknowledged that the measure would afford no adequate relief for the distress at present existing in the country. It would satisfy no class—neither the laud. lt-rds on the one hand, nor the people on the other; and the Ministry who proposed so heartless and unavailing a measure, shOuld be driven by an indignant people from the offices which they filled so unworthily.—(Cheers.) Mr. RAINSLEY, a Chartist, then addressed the meeting, con. demning the Corn-laws, but contending that it would he impossib'e to obtain a repeal of them, till the working-classes were possessed of the franchise. He pointed out that the assistance of the working-classes was absolutely neces sary to ,the middle classes to enable them to carry their mea sures, and contended that the middle class, as a bod, was not friendly to the labouring part of the population.—(Cries of " Ques tion," •" Go on," and great confusion.) Mr. Rainsley farther ad dressed the meeting to the same effect, but so great was the confusion that his observations were unheard except by those on the platform. He concluded by proposing an addition to theapetition, asserting the principle of the adoption of the People's Charter. Mr. PARKER, a Chartist, said that Mr. Rainsley had prepared an addition to the petition, similar to the one moved on the la,t occasion. It then received 5,600 signatures from the borough of Southwark alone. They were now called on to petition the House of Commons not to pass Peel's Bill on the Corn-laws—that House which had treated them with so much contempt and contumely. It was useless to petition them, or to have anything to do with so bad a lot.—(Cries of " Question.") They would not destroy class legislation till the Charter was the law of the land. The working man had as great a stake. in the country, and as great a right to the franchise as any aristocrat, or landed pro prietor or millocrat.—(Cries of " Shut up," and " Question." Under the present system there was no hope. The people must have the power of making their own laws. There would be no use in attempting to bolster up the falling Whigs, who had had power during the last ten years to repeal the Corn-laws if they had honesty enough.—(Cries of " Hear, hear," and interruption.) If the Anti-Corn -law party then were honest, they would join the working millions of the country, and persevere until they had) procured a democratic House of Commons, in which would be soon done away with those laws that pressed upon the food and industry of the people. Let not the Tories gull you as the Whigs did.—(Cheers and uproar.) Let the present meeting do its duty, and give a tone to all the future meetings of the country. Let the middle classes unite with the working classes, and they would soon have the elective franchise extended in favour of both, for the force of public opinion would be irresistible.—(Cheers.) Then they would have a House in which the people would be fairly repre sented, and the operatives would have a fair day's wages for a —(Cheers.) With these words he supported the fair day's tem k . motion. (Cheers.) I*, BL&CKMORE Warned the operatives against the middle classes; whO called for their, assistance now because they wanted "-•-