The Sun. — London, England, 1856-12-13 00:00:00

T-SQUARE FALLING SAFETY RODS, TO•;11 snips' BOATS, FOR FOOTING, WHEN UPSET,. AS FIT'D TO THE HEAD AND STERN•SHEETS.. .I. [Soo No. 12 Model.] EL BAIIR-NEGA:II ;—MINERVA. SILVER MEDAL. MEMO TO IRON STEAMERS, &e. —The Lord High Admiral (late. William IV.) descended from his yacht into the Crown deputy's Lt. Ackerley's Cano'boat for the state trial in Ha moaze of his invention as above, for THE WHALE FISHERY, as the Seamen's float footing rest when upset. Tbese y square forelocked gravitation rods being fitt'd to the Quarter life boat of H.M.S. Ocean (80), at Plymouth. Their utility caused Wm. IV.'s transmission to Admiral Campbell, at Alexandria, the 'MEDAL homage' for ingenuity, prior to the Crown's surrogatorial Lieu-tenant (of Briton's 1530 in Sir Thos. More, on 1776 to 1824 succession of Ursa Major Cart'eght), being made in 1829, the 'Olive " branch' of peace arbiter, betwixt the Greek-Rus-Navarino Codrington, and ALI, Viceroy of Egypt's Turko agency of the Sultan Tacher NapJosephn' .?; in Enmdubtte Mahomed 11. , father of Abd + ul Medjid's, for the Vespasi'annie liberties of Afric's-Greece. CHARLES " " ACKERLEY,* of Marius Poadices (69) in Coell-Lucius-marcomir-IV. (129)—Carle-Magne-(880),-in Malcolm 111. (1070)-in-Tudor-Courtenay, Atkin-Chamber layne's lineal young-fraw trust. *Se, : chaters *scite " Ober-kirk'nrath" Nave-prop drc., as the States general's oath-incorporator, as 'England itself '— its Crown receiver of Mexico's IMP. give up' by Pedro 1., 1825-6,—for standard METER bearing aft'r Vim.' 1837 by 1-2 Ws. as 54, as Stil'lord protector of the natives of Asiatic- America, So., under the 21 March, & 29 Sept°mbre's trea sury year, of no Church ormyth. * Oath-fix'd state-supporter by 59 Geo. 111., in 1821-2 ; of the Medal-lien'd Indian zenith-planted Crown ! officer of Bri tain's criminal writ (by retaining fee of It• N. Lt. pay 35 yrs.), under the ASHBURTON Commission, "for Native base" in 1842-yet, unpaid—now six years of Wane'ing cruelty for Indian Peter Bsk's death—as in-victim'd populac'd for pa rental sympathy II in the Shipping Gaze';,te of Wednesday, 10th Dec., 1856. II The flag-stone 'lb. cwt' man of the Impyr&A Anglo Mexi Spanish UTRECHT trust under Paraguay-geral Inca's " Mix't Commission" Policy Court of Trinidad, and its terra firm ited a, Indian " Orders in Council," touching the 1799-Un States (Art. 1, sec. 3, " Indian expulsion" till '42 recognition of the principle of jurymen' A B c-right in 'B7) Treaty, with Prussia to 1842,-give UP to the Ocean'ique L'anker star red flag, of fiscal conservancy in Sidereal time. The 'das hang'n En REY for 'flee' sight regional being the la-tell-tale for all, by 1661-1730's man: to 1814-'42 for U.S. legislation, on the Ostend manifesto in Al p h a, pa, /3eta as the 4, spirit of Western flight—' Heaven save k'—o'er Eastern will—thro NICOBAR 1780 flag meter display. ex- The King of Prussia as the Pope's Teutonic-aiit'r Kt. " Registcr'd Peter Basquet at Windsor Castle, as wit nessed by M URR AY and CARTER ; and at Buckingham Palace ratified His election for the Queen's Minister's "Medal and Flag Union," anker-zollverein, as issued by the Ordnancil i 31st Jan. 1842—forColumbiadlexico, and Quebec, as Civic- Roman Colonies of Briton's notwithstanding the shameful usage of the constable in being sent to St. James's workhouse, and rescued therefrom by C 'A.as by Indian office bound . •• J.Vineveh's-c/ Centaur'ian Anatdmy, ken---. No. 5, Swallow-st. N.B.—The ship Rasoturrx as the Crown pie -relict of the Sahacossa Waste, will hoist the water-flag of P. Basquest de Brandt, as delivered up by § Aberdeen-Napier in 1845, namely, Red at the main "en droit de marque,"—he being the EARTH ship of state's husband'& in law now, within the meridian of Greenwich, for "Nautical purposes, byforce of the Washington" treaty—his Chain colleague of 1731), to give receipt foe" Her," Dec., 1856. § SvArratfordaing 15, Palmerst'ff 40, Aberdeen 42. Vc.stry-J'suitz'er'a-Cougresprit's, - To —, M. Justice Dallas, and Minister of Labrador Sitka, Russia. }TER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. — M. JIILLIEN'S CONCERTS. -- Last Night but Six.—This Evening, a Beethoven Night--Miss Dolby, Miss Arabella Goddard, the celebrated Pianist, and M. Sainton.-31st time of the :New Grand French Quadrale. Programme for THIS EVENING (Saturday, Dec. 13) : Part I.—Overture, Leonora—Beeehoven ; Air, In questa tomba, Miss Dolby—Beethoven ; Concerto, let Movement, M. Sainton—Beethoven ; Chorus, Chorus of Dervishes, from 1, the " Ruins of Athens "—Beethoven ; Concerto, Pianoforte, in E flat, Miss A. Goddard—Beethoven ; Son , May Song, and Youthful Flowers, Miss Dolby (accompanied on the pianoforte by Mr. Land—Beethoven ; Symphony, from the Symphony in A—Beethoven. Part 2.—The French Quadrille (31st time), with varia tions for flute, flageolet, oboe, clarinet, ophieleide, and cornet, performed by MM. De Folley, DeYong, Collinet, Pratten, Lavigne, Hughes, and Koenig; Finale ; Partant pour la Syrie, Viva l'Empereur—Jullien ' • Solo, Pianoforte, Les Patineurs (Le Prophete), Miss Arabella Goddard (by desire)—Liszt; Polka, The Minnie Polka (by desire)—Jul lien ; Song, Come ferry me o'er, Mies Dolby—Mrs. Groom ; Polka. My Mary &nu (by desire)—Jullien • Solo, Cornet, the River and the Star, written expressly for and per formed by Herr Koenig Angelina ; Galop, Pelissier— D'Albert. Conductor—M. Jullien. To commence at 8 o'clock. Prices of admission :—Promenade; ls. ; Dress circle, 2s. 6d. ; private boxes, les. 6d., £lls., and upwards. Private boxes to be secured of Mr. Nugent, at the box-office of the theatre ; at all the principal libraries and musicsellers'; and at Jullien and C*.'s, 214, Regent-street. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURI LINE.— Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. Acting MAnager, Mr. C. Mathews. Stage Manager, Mr, R. Rosily. Scenic Artist, Mr. W. Beverley. Last night before the Christmas Holidays. The eminent comedian Mr. Charles Mathews, and the talented Dramatic CoMpany, at the following reduced tariff of prices, lower than any other west end theatre :—Galleries, 6d. and Is. ; Upper Boxes, is. 6d. ' • Pit, 2s. ; First Circle, 2 s. 6d. ; Dress Boxes, 3s, ; Stalls, ss. ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d., 1 , . ls., 1/. lls. 6d., and 2 /. 2 s. Do ors o p en at half-past 6, commence at 7. Second price at 9 o'clock. THIS EVENING, her Majesty's servants will perform (the last time this season) the comedy entitled A BA.CH SLOB OF ARTS. Ja=per (his origin%l character), Mr. Charles Mathews. After which, the petite drama SOMEBODY ELSE. Hans Monts Mr. C. Mathews. To be followed by the laughable piece TWO HEADS BETTER THAN ONE. Supported by Mr. Robert Roxby, Mr. Tilbury, Mr. TemTleton, lefr.Worrell, and Miss Wadham. To conclude rriOi an entirely new Ballet, arranged by ?done. Petit, of her Majesty's Theatre, in which Mdlles. Emilie and Jenny Osmont, of the Grand Opera, will appear, assisted by a powerful Corps de Ballet. On Boating Night, the 26th inst., will be produced a Grani Comic Christmas Pantomime, by E. L. Blanchard, Esi., which, for gorgeous splcndourand effects, will surpass all the former pre-eminently sucee.sful efforts which have given to this establishment a world-wide celebrity for pantomime The magnificent scenery by the inimitable artist, Mr. William Beverley, an 1 the pantomime produced under the direction of Mr. Robert Roxby. THEATRE ROYAL, .13 - .A.YMARg.ET. THIS EVENING, will bo performed THE SCHOOL FOR SCANDAL, with Mr. Murdoch ar Charles Surface. Sir Peter Teazle, Mr. Chippendale; Sir Benjsinin Backbite, Mr. Buckstone ; Crabtree, Mr. Compton; Joseph Surface, Mr. Howe ; Sir Oliver Surface, Mr. Rogers : Moses, Mr. Clark; Sir Harry (with a song), Mr. W. Farren Lady Teazle, Miss Reynolds ; Mrs. Candonr, Miss Talbot Lady Sneerwell, Mrs. Poynter ; Maria, Miss E. Sabine. After which, the successful new farce, A FAMILY FAILING, in which Mr. Buckstone, Mr. Howe, Mr. Chip pendale, and Miss Blanche Fane will appear. With Perea Nena and her unrivalle 1 Company of Spanish Dancers, in THE ALHAMBRA, being the last week but one of their final engagement. To conclude with THE DUMB BELLE. - THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI Genuine Success.—Unprecedented Attrae tion.—Re•appearance of Mr. Benjamin Webster, land re vival of the Great Adelphi drama of Janet Pride. —The grand view Fairy Ballet Extravaganza, THE ELVES, in which Madame Ce'este will appear as the Statue Bride every night. THIS EVENING will be performed the celebrated drama of JANET PRIDE. Messrs. B. Webster, Wright, Paul Bed ford, C. Selby, Parselle, Garden, Bland; Mesdames Celeste and M. Keeley. After which, with new scenery and appointments, the 'new fairy ballet extravaganza, oalle 1 THE ELVES, or the S t a tue Bride, founded en the grand ballet s pectacle, now perform ins with unexampled s u c ce ss at the Theatre Imperiale de l'O ., pe r ra s at Paris, under the title of Les Elfes. Principal cha ra`te Madame Celeste, Misses Wyndham Mary Keeley, 14 at' Kelly, Chatte r ly , Arden, Messrs. Wegh;, Paul Bedford, C Selby • ? / A Barr, &c. _ROYAL Plt 1 _N . 111 8 S THEATRE. THIS EVENING and cinriaz the week will 1)1 Presented Shakspeare's play of A MIDSUMNIER NIGHT'S DREAM. After which will be produced a new petite comedy, in two acts, called OUR WIFE ; or, The Rose of Amiens. Princi• pal characters by Messrs. Ryder, Harley, Fisher ; Misses Murre' aid C. Leelereq. Mendelssohn's celebrated Overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream will commence at 5 minutes before 7. rir- THE ROYM-i, SA.DLER'S-WELLS. u n der the Manlgement of Mr. Phelps. THIS EVENING, MACI3PaII. Macbeth, Mr. Phelps ; Macdnff, Mr. H. Marston ; RA--14 11 0, Mr. A. R a y ner ; L a d y Macbeth, Miss Atkinson. To conclude with POO a PI LLI CODDy. ROYAL OLYMPIC TRE . A Lessee, Mr. Alfr e d Wigan. TR E. THIS EVENING, WIVES AS THEY WERE AND MAIDS AS THEY AR E . Messrs. Addison, G . Vining ; m Mrs. Stirling, Miss es Swanb oro ngh and Herbe r t. And the new farce, JONES THE AVENGER. Messrs. P. Robson, J. Roge rs, and Miss Marston. Commence at half-last Seven. TRAND THEA.TRE.—MAnager diTre 1 , 73 Parne.—THlS E VENING will be Derfor na pd OVER THE WAY. Mr. Kinloch, Mesdames Woolidge and E. Wilton. 'TWAS I; or the Kiss and the Bose. Mesdames Cuqi. Bert, Gregory, and Woolidge Gentlemen.srs Kinloch and Howard, LADIES AT HOME; or, we can do without You. Mesdames Fitzinman, E. Jacobs, Lennox, Norbnry i Gregory, Baker, &c. And BELPHEGOR (Travestie). Mes G. Lee,srs. Howard and Clarke ; Mesdames Cuthbert, Woollidge, E. Jacobs and Willy Edonin. Commence at Seven. Stalls, 3s. ; Boxes, 2s. ; Pit, ls. Gallery, 6d . CANTE RBu ity HALL. Westminster-road.— OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow ing company of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of Selections from all the Popular Operas, Madrigals, Choruses, Glees, Ducts, dm., viz. : —Miss E. Pearee, Mrs. J. Caulfield, Miss Brunell, and Miss Summers ; Mr. J. Caulfield, Herr F. Jonghtnans, R. Grover, T. Raino, T. Farrant, S. Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling, and P4Corrie ; Masters Austin, Ben nett, and Corri ; Mr. Sam Cowell and E. M ac k ney. Piano forte,R.A. ; harmonium, J. HairewaY , J. Caulfield, jun. ; director, Mr. J. Caulfield. Commence at Seven o'clock pre cisely. Suppers, dsc., until twelve o'clock. In addition to the usual Vocal Entertainment, the celebrated SPANISH MINSTRELS will appear in costume at Nine and Eleven o'clock Every Evening, and sing some of their favourite selec i ons A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITEE EATR E. -4731.. Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. THIS EVENING, Shakspear and Illustrations Tragedy o f RICHARD THE THIRD, with those splendid Equestrian Tableaux nd Illustrations by Mr. W. COOKE'S trained horses, which o btained for it a continuous run of 90 nights ! Richard, Mr. James Holloway. After which, the SCENES in the CIRCLE. Appearance 4 1 f Mr- W. Cooke, jun., dze. Toc onclude with OTHER ENTERTAINMENTS. Doors open at half-past six ; commence at seven o'clock. Pox-office open f rom Eleven till Four. Stage M anag er, Mr. W. West. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, jun. VELE SUN, LONDOIN, SAVCRDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 13, 1856. OYAL SURREY THEATRE. AA) Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd and Creswick. THIS EVENING, ROMEO AND JIiLIBT. Romeo, Mr. Creswick; Mercutio, Mr. Shepherd. To conclude with THE OUTCAST BROTHER. RIGS WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. DAl—Morn. 28 rain. aft. 2-I!..voning 51 min. aft. 2 12.1-2.loznow—Morn. 16 rain. aft. 3 —Evening 38 ram. aft. 3 TUE WEITHER—SUN OFFICE, DECEMBER 13. THERMOMETER, IN TUE SIIADE. 55—highest sines noon yesterday. 50—lowest this morning and during the night. 50—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 28.93—a great fall. WIND, N.W.—Light, with dull, rainy weather. Ay, 1 % , '7 1 1 , 11 . 4 1 .(;(--------,f_.--).-,, 'qi) j t•tY i-...i4,-..- -' " " -. 4'. LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1850. The Russian War over—the Persian War has commenced. It was declared at Calcutta on the Ist day of November. ' Our maritime armaments in those waters were immediately placed in readi ness for commencing active operations without auy more delay than was absolutely necessary under the circumstances. Our troops were in some measure already in motion upon the shores of the Persian Gulf, according to advices, dated the sth, from Constantinople. And—time, in deed, something energetic was at last attempted n the name of England, seeing that, on the 26th of October, Herat had actually fallen into the hands of the Persian' General, MOITRAD SHAFT Herat, the pearl, the prize, the ITYLEN of the whole struggle ! Herat, at once the object and origin of the contest long preparing between Persia and England, the contest which may now be regarded as having actually commenced be- ,ween the forces of the Queen VICTORIA and those of the Shah NASR-00D-DEEN ! The announcement of the formal Declaration of War against Persia, on the Ist of November, at Calcutta, is, curiously enough, accompanied by he intimation that India is profoundly tranquil. &feanwhile, the various members of the British Consulate at Teheran have taken their departure from that capital—one for Tabriz—another for Bombay—the whole legation being, at once, strangely scattered. France, about the same time, proffering her mediation with the Court of ;he Shah, with a view, if possible, to the effect- ng, in some way, of an amicable arrangement be Lween the British and Persian Governments Herat, all the while, taken ! Herat actually in the hands of the Persians. Herat, about the possession of which, the whole stormy quarrel has originated. It may be interesting—notwithstanding the untimely fall of Herat, or, perhaps, we should positively rather say because of the untimely fall of Herat—to note in a few sentences why it is this one particular city is regarded, by Persians and British alike, as a spot of such enormous im- portauce. A spot so remote from England, and io distant even from Hindostan, that it may be described in general terms as situated midway 'oetwaen Tartary and Beloochistan, as constituting :n a manner the extreme eastera boundary of Persia and the extreme western boundary of Iffghanistan ! Herat, then, or Heraut, the ancient Alexandria in Ariis, it is sup- posed, being so called after the name o the great Macedonian Conqueror Herat, once upon a time the capital of the empire of TAMERLANE and his successors, until it became absorbed into the Persian Dominion; passing thence, however, as far back as 1715, to be there and then embraced within the frontier line of Affghanistan—Herat is covetted at once by Persia and by England, because it happens to be t ! he direct road from the, former to Hindostan ! A sufficient reason for either, assuredly ! A consi deration rendering it obviously a matter of the very first importance to England that Herat should not only be held safe from 'Persian domination, but that besides this negative advantage to us in its regard, there should be secured a positive ad vantage as well, by insuring its retention intact by some friendly power. For, lot us abandon Herat to Persia, and the SHAH has at any moment the power of disturbing our Eastern empire by way of Cabool and Kandahar ! Besides being a costly prize in itself—as being rich in the staple exports of saffron and asafoetida, —as having almost undisputed command (in shawls, indigo, sugar, muslin, and various other articles) of the markets of Yezd and Ispahan— and as being renowned throughout the East for its manufacture of carpets, fur-cloaks, and slippers: besides being thus intrinsically a very costly prize, Herat is in a manner inestimable, either to Persia or to England, as being the key to our Indian Empire through Cabool and Kandahar. Tile Government of Teheran puts forth a shadowy claim of right to its possession, be cause of its being situated in a lovely valley falling within the Persian province of Khorassaun ! And because, moreover, of its having at one time, before 1715, actually appertained to Persia prior to its passing in that year into the possession of the Iflghauns ! It must be remembered, likewise, that by means of the conquests of NADIR SHAH it was again restored to Persia in 1731—less than a score of years, after which date Herat became again merged in the territories of Affghanistan ! Since which time it has remained to all intents and purposes, as it had remained from 1715 to 1731, an integral portion of the country of the Alfghauns. Nevertheless, now, in 185 G—before the Crimean War has been definitively smoothed over by the miserably deceptive gloss of the Peace of Paris—Persia (beyond all doubt at the instigation of Russia !) is again putting for ward her robber•claims upon Herat t Herat— only seized by her originally when it ceased, as we have seen, to be the capital of the empire of the successors of TAMERLANE ! Persia is not only putting forward her shadowy claims upon Herat—she has boldly by a lawless coup-de-main, ravished the covetted prize from the grasp of Affghanistan ! Let Herat be abandoned to her possession —and a broad and beaten highroad will remain op en a t th e w him of the SHAH, or of the CZAR, Or of both of these trustworthy and mast amiable despots % united, a highroad condurting their troops through Cabool and Kandahar to the still more coveted regions known throughout the wide world as England's golden empire in Hin dostan ! According to Mr. WILSON ("Ariana Antiqua, ,, 4841), the present population of the captured city i s somewhere about 45,000 or 50,000 in the aggregate. The surrounding ruins, scattered far and wide over the precincts of the existing strong hold, attest visibly and unmistakably its anc i en t magn ificence. v b a y ey on whi c h H erat is se, means of a b un d or d yke, a The principal s t ream called the r v i e e ri r t i- a rood, ibleectoomtt valley , charmingly situated, aids the natural fertility of the soil in enhancing the wealth of the manifold cornfields and vineyards of Khorassaun. This— viewing it simply in regard to itself intrinsically —is the pearl-city rifled of late by a sort of political garotte from the Affghauns, by th e `' upon the loose,' robber Persia, out at the time upon a kind of tacit diplomatic ticket-of-leave t th( consequences, which may be far more serious This, literally, is the "swag" secured for a while *a.m, lie at present has any adequate conception to Persia by these nefarious means, at the secret \ (3f. instigation, we may be sure, and for the particular advantage, - ulteriorly, cf Persia's hidden arch aecomplice, the wily Russian AUTOCRAT ! No wonder, with Herat actually seized by MURAD SHAFI. on the 26th of October, with NASR OOD-DEEN urging on his forces upon Aff ghanistan, with the Paris Conferences at the same period about to be resumed, and Russia about to assume once more her haughty and arro gant pretensions—No wonder war was at length declared against Persia on the Ist of November at Calcutta ! Further delay, under the circum stances,would have been nothing less than infamous. At any rate, now that we have at last actually mustered resolution enough to meet the lawless outrages of Persia by flinging down the gage of battle into the arena, committing the result of the struggle, while we do so reverently but confid ingly, to the decision of the GOD OF ARMIES— now, now, at least, let not the frightful experience gained during the late disastrous but glorious war in the Crimea be lost ! The sword being drawn —let the blow be struck as England can strike when she lists—swiftly, keenly, daringly, trench antly, irresistibly ! Among minor matters this session we see that a 7 rigorous attempt is to be made, under the aus pie es of Lord SHAFTESBURY, Lord CALTHORPB, a nu mber of other philanthropic laymen, and a co wmittee composed chiefly of clergymen connected ith the Church Missionary Society, for " the Sup r,ression of the Opium. .16Ionopoly in India, and of ithe contraband traffic in the drug in China." Every man of common humanity must wish that the object of the Society should be accomplished. It .is, therefore, with no hostility to that object that we invite the attention of the gentlemen concerned •to the facts of the case. Neither do we wish :for a moment, by exaggerating difficulties, to deter from an enterprise to which, if practicable, ;and if its success would not defeat its own object, we too should cordially wish success. The first evil attacked in the prospectus is the Government Monopoly of Opium is India. The word itself, in these days of free trade, is sufficient to brand the system in public opinion. It would seem, by employing it, that the Society does not, however, contemplate interfering with the large trade carried on through Bombay, which is no mo nopoly, but a fair traffic in the drug. It is pro duced in great abundance in Central India, in the territories of the nominally independent Princes, and we believe not less than twenty thou sands chests are annually shipped through the port of Bombay. All this, however, is grown like other agricultural produce—is in no sense whatever a monopoly ; it merely pays a Custom house duty to the Government of four hundred rupees per chest. The Society, we presume, in tends this immense traffic in the drug to remain untouched—a. traffic, too, which must immensely increase, if the suppression of the " monopoly" really prevented the cultivation of the drug in Eastern India. But will it do so? In the Presidency of Bengal the cultivation is carried on through Government agents, who make advances of public money to the cultivators, and who require, under very heavy penalties, that the opium poppy shall be grown for the Government only, and that the entire produce shall be deposited under the lock and key of the Treasury. Here the " monopoly" terminates ; the opium is sold by public competi tion, and the Government has nothing further to do with it. It is of course known, as in all trade, where the article will find its ultimate market. Every one is aware that it is destined for China and the East ; but, even as a manufacturer, our Government has, properly speaking, nothing more to do with the ultimate destination, than Manchester cotton manufacturers with the destination of the fabrics which they know will be carried into Spain by smugglers in defiance of Spanish law. It is, however, somewhat repugnant to English feelings that Government should be a manufac turer, for profit, at all ; and above all a manu facturer of an article in which it is discreditable to traffic. We tolerate the taxation of spirits here because we regard it as a check, and the only possible check on their yet freer use. Were the Government to make the spirits, and obtain its profit directly through the sale of them, the thing would be considered so disgraceful that it could not survive the discussions of one session. What it really does is, however, less discreditable in point of form merely. In either case the object :is just the same—such a tax or such a profit, 'shall realise the greatest revenue is the point aimed at. If too much or too little be added to the prime cost, the revenue loses ; in one case by A restricted sale ; in the other by the extent of sale not compensating for the reduced charge. :No Chancellor of the Exchequer intends to diminish the sale of spirits, and drunkenness ; he regards the revenue only. It is only fair to own, therefore, that, morally, our spirit duties legisla tion, and the opium monopoly in India, stand on the same basis. The appearance only is better The nation is indebted to Mr. WILLIAMS, the Member for Lambeth, for the complete returns of the income and expenditure of the country, dur— ing the eventful years ending in March, 1855. and 1856, which has just been published by orde r of Parliament. They are indeed important doci t ments, and prove beyond the possibility of dotal at, the vast pecuniary sacrifices so cheerfully su b- mitted to by the people, in the vain hope o f humiliating the pride and reducing the power o f Russia. Similar returns should be present o 4 every year. They constitute a national balance sheet that ought to be placed before every to x payer, so that it may be seen where the sh o e really pinches, and what can be effected in the w aor of economy and retrenchment. We mean of Ulu) economy, for there is nothing more unwise than, a penny-wise and pound-foolish policy, alike discred t able and injurious to the best interests of the co t munity. These may be regarded as the years .of actual war, during which our fleets and arm it were in motion. The precious Treaty was signo d on, the 30th March, although for his own rear poses the Chancellor of the Exchequer chooses to ignore that unquestionable fact, and to conside r it to have only dated from the ratification i. n April—a point, however, in which he may b considerably enlightened before Parliament has been litany days assembled. They do not, o f course, comprise all the outlay. There music necessarily have been a heavy supplemental expen diture iu bringing home our troops, and reduciag the surplus strength. But the war taxes for as additional year should be quite sufficient to pro vide for all these charges, so as to leave no excusi3 for continuing the most onerous and inequitable of all our war burdens until the sth of April, 1858, even if the paltry quibble that has bean raised could be justified and sustained. First, as to the income of the country, we find that it has amounted for the year 1854-5 to 64,091,5711., and for 1855-6 to 70,552,1451. Enormous sums, which have been chiefly realised through the agency of the iniquitous Income Tax. In ordinary times about fifty-six millions in round terms is obtained, and with proper care it is suf ficient for all demands—for meeting the liabilities on account of the public debt, and the efficient maintenance of the national establishments. We therefore see what may be regarded as the fund in hand, with which the Chancellor of the Ex chequer may deal in his next financial scheme, and which be must dispose of with wise discretion for the benefit of the community. Of these sums, the costs of collection cost, in round terms, fur the former year two millions and three quarters, while in the latter nearly six and a half millions more were collected for an additional sum of 140,0001. This, however, is by no means sur prising, as the full staffs were formed, and the • chief extra charge would be the additional al lowances to the Income-tax collectors. We are, however, convinced that, with ordinary prudence, very considerable savings might be effected, that would reduce those charges to a more reasonable If the society succeed in abolishing the mono :poly, of course the cultivation will be free through out the provinces of Eastern and Northern India; and we presume the necessity of the Bombay duty being paid on all exported from any Indian port -would be at once concurred in. But what would this do towards lessening the growth of opium ? It could not lessen the trade to China ; but the 'worst is, it would be certain to stimulate its growth for domestic consumption in India, and, so far, to demoralise yet more our own subjects ; for what is now used by the natives, they have to pay three times the cost of production. Under free cultivation it is certain that the production would be indefinitely increased, that China would be flooded with opium ; and that, on account of the lower price, the natives of India itself would consume it to a vastly greater extent. Already in the province of Assam, to which the opium re venue laws do not extend, every peasant grows his own opium ; and the wretchedness and degra dation of the province are justly attributed to this circumstance. opium poppy oft the eh act, extent ia India, p o p f ears t 0 arbitrariness countryo of As to absolute prohibition of the growth of the P tl P e PYin a be impossible. As it is an article which each man could manufacture from the growth of his own garden, nothing but a system of repression, hardly to be thought of, could hinder its production. If, however, it could be accomplished by vigorous police measures, there is little present prospect of such an attempt being made, nor do we suppose that the Society will demand it. Nothing else, however, would attain their object, not only with regard to India, but to China also. It would be impracticable, of course, for us to keep up in behoof of the Chinese a preventive service along a coast of eight or nine hundred miles in length, while Chinese junks visit all the islands of the Eastern Archipelago. Indeed nothing could prevent the smuggling of the drug into China if it were produced anywhere in the world. The profits would rise in proportion to the diffi culty, and would tempt the clever and adven turous to risk any danger. We have penned these remarks, as we have said, from no hostility to the objects of the so ciety, but merely to put the public and the society on their guard. Unless their plans be well considered, they may find that by abo lishing the only restriction on the growth of opium in Bengal—the Government monopoly— odious as that system appears, they have only defeated their own object. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the official residence of tht First Lord of the Treasury, in Downing-street. The Ministers present were Vis count Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Sir George Grey, the Earl of Clarendon, Mr. Secretary Labouchere, Lord Panuaure, th e Chancellor of the Ex che q uer, Sir Charles Wood, the Right Hon. R. Vernon Smith, and the Right Hon. M. T. Baines. Lieutenant-General Sir Colin Campbell, G.C.8., th e Inspector-General of Infantry, is to have the Army Works Corps Office, in Whitehall -yard, for the accom modation of the personnel attached to his department. Colonel Larcotn, Irish Under Secretary, has turned to Dublin and resumed his duties. The Lcrd Chancellor of Ireland, at the recommenda tion of Colonel White, I;eutenant of the county, h as been pleased to appoint Capt. Henry Lees a magistrate for the county of Longford. figure. The expenditure for 1854-5 amounted to 70,236,8701., leaving a deficiency of 6,145,5711• to be raised by extraordinary means. No thing out of the way, when we consider the gigantic operations in which the country was en gaged, that in that year we fitted out the expedi tions to the Crimea, and the Baltic, and that the battles of the Alma, of Balaklava, of Inkerman, and Tchernaya were fought, and the siege of Sebastopol carried on for six months. But in the following year " the little bill" is greatly swelled ; it comes with a formidable sum total of 93,149,1301.(! !) leaving the serious deficiency of 22,597,1551. to be provided for. This enormous sum exhibits the most powerful testimony that our Government was at length thoroughly aroused, and that Lord PALMEESTON had spared nothing to vindicate the national honour, and to insure triumphant success in the noble cause in which we had engaged. It is only to be regretted that these wonderful exertions were terminated by a conclusion "so lame and impotent," and that the nation had nothing to show for its unsparing outlay. Never was Great Britain more fully prepared for any alternative than in March last ; and had she refused to be influenced by the fraudulent pretexts of her avowed opponent and the lukewarmness of pretended friends, she might have produced re sults that would have insured the peace and tran quillity of Europe for a long succession of years, until the existing generation had been numbered with the past. The costs of our armaments during the year ending March last nearly amounted to forty-seven millions and a half (47,461,1881.), of which the army alone came to 17,395,0591., the navy to 19,654,5851., while the ordnance disposed of the handsome residue. The other features of the case do not at present require particular no tice, save that of the " correction •of criminals," which amounted to the extrava gant sum of 1,424,9071. nearly double what it had been in the preceding year, and teaching the salutary lesson that prevention is better and far cheaper than punishment. The total reduction in the - United Kingdom is scarcely a third of that amount. We must, however, be prepared to let " bye goes be byegones," and to forget the past if we get satisfactory assurances for the future. Let Sir G. C. LEWIS deal liberally with the people in his approaching Budget, and we shall not force any unpleasant reminiscences on his ears. Let him eschew the paltry quibble of which it is more than hinted that he intends to take advantage. Let him meet the Property-Tax difficulty fairly and honourably, without attempting to postpone the evil day. Let him, disregarding Mr. GLAD STONE, respect the claims of industry, and endea vour to produce a fair and judicious apportion ' meat of the tax, and he will render himself a truly popular Minister ; but if not—should he ' still cling to red-tapist traditions--he must abide TILF ! LOY4L -1313177517 BANK. At the sittings of the C !urt of Appeal yesterday, Mr. Swanston, addressing the Court for certain directors of the Company, said that certain terms of arrangement, havicg for their object to supersede the litigation in this case, had, with tba approval of his clients, been offered by the official assignee in bankruptcy to the official manager, but though approved by all other parties he was sorry to say the official manager bad not thought fit to accede to them, though they had been submitted to the approval by several of the very highest firms of solicitors in London as the only means of winding•up the affairs of the company, without ruinous delay to all parties, and the misery and ruin of the great body of shareholders in the concern. The terms were the following :—"lhclare the bank ruptcy valid; the assigneees to administer the present assets in bankruptcy ; the call already made to be en forced by the official:manager, except so far as necessary for set off under the bankruptcy, the terms of the appoint ment of the official manager to be varied, so as to leave no doubt that the present assets of the bank do not vest in him ; the assignees to petition under ssction 20 of the statute 7 and 8 Vic., c. 111, that the official manager be considered and appointed receiver of future calls to be made on the shareholders ; actions by the official manager to be discontinued ; the costs of the petitioning creditor,. messenger, and assignees. to be paid out of the present assets ; the costs of the official manager, including those of the order nisi to commit, to be paid out of calls ; dissolve the ii,june:ion without costs ; dismiss the motion to extend the injunc tion without cuts ; dismiss the appeal against the order of the Vice-Chanculor for delivery up of assets, books, &c., without costs, and let the order be complied with. If the names of the assignees be required to be used by the official manager , a previous indemnity, to the satisfaction of Mr. Commissioner Ilolroyd, to be given. The custody of books and papers to be with the assignees, but the official manager to have full access to them. No action to be brought against the official manager by the assignees for anything heretofore done. Marcus petition to be dismissed, and costs of all parties of the ame to be paid out of the assets in bankruptcy. The Court expressed an opinion that these terms were substantially such as would meet the justice of the case ; though they might perhaps require some, but certainly not much, alteration ; and :Pked whether if the Court appointed a receiver with limited and definite powers, as proposed, the decision thus come to by the parties would be final. • The counsel for the assignees on the one side, ani for the official manager on the other, said that their cilents had respectively placed themselves in the hands of their advisers, and no answer was elicited to the question. The matter then dropped. ARRIVAL OF THE RESOLUTE. PORTSMOUTH, DEC, 12. The Resolute, in charge of Commander FL J. Hartstein, of the United States navy, anchored at Spitbead this afternoon at 2.30 p.m. in "thunder, lightning, and rain" (fact) ; the weather, indeed, was so foul that all communication with the shore was abandoned for the day. Captain Hartstein succeeded in sending a letter by a pilot to Chevalier Vincent Pappalardo, the United States' vice-consul at this pore, informing him of the impossibility of personally coming on shore this , after noon to pay his official respects to the authorities, but will do so as soon as the weather permits. Chevalier Pappalardo received an official invitatio❑ from the Mayor and Corporation of Portsmouth to the commander and officers of the Resolute to a corporate banquet, which we have before mentioned. This the consul sent off to the ship as soon as a communication could be effected with her. The invitation is for Thurs day next, cr if that day be not convenient to the officers of the Resolute, leaving them to appoint such other day as would suit them better. From all we can gather upon the subject, this entertainment will be purely a corporate one ; it is probable, therefore, that the inba• bitants of the borough will give a ball and banquet as their greeting to the gallant Americans, as we have heard a wish expressed by many of the most re.peet able burgesses to pay some tribute of respect to the wel come visitors. Tne Resolute arrived under the American ensign and pendant ; after she anchored at Spithead she hoisted the English white (St. George's) ensign ,alongside the Ame rican. She is to be brought into Portsmouth Harbour to-morrow. No salute has been fired. She has made a good passage and arrived much sooner than WAS antici pated. SOUTHAMPTON ELECTION. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY. The split in the Liberal party continues, and every day seems to afford less prospect of any reconciliation or arrangement being effected. Meetings of the electors are held almost nightly, in different districts of the town, for the purpose of advocating the interests of Mr. Weguelin or Mr. Andrews. The latter gentleman has not yet announced himself as a candidate, but the requisition to him is still in coarse of signature, and has, we understand, received 600 or 700 names. Mr. Weguelin has to-day issued another address, in which he says : Having now prosecuted my canvass successfully for some time, allow me to thank you for the support I have experi enced, and fur the invariable kindness and attention I have received at your hands. " The result gives me every encouragement to persevere, and I beg to inform you that it is my intention to continue to devote all the time I can spare from other duties to fulfil my pledge of calling, as far as possible, upon every elector. " The ultimate success I leave with confidence in the hands of the Liberals of this constituency. It is for them to decide whethei they will divide their strength, and thus give the Tory candidate the only chance of success, or whether they will throw over mere personal differences and unite their suffrages in my favour. " I claim to be at present the only Liberal candidate in the field. I have every reason to believe that the great ma jority of the Liberal party is in my favour, but I desire to represent not the majority only, but the whole Liberal party. I desire to see my return to Parliament the pledge of peace and reconciliation, rather than the signal of division, and with that view ',shall leave no means untried of uniting the Liberal interest, consistentl) with my firm determination to go to the poll," Meanwhile Sir Edward Butler, the Conservative can didate, steadily prosecutes his canvass ; the worthy knight and his friends resting their hopes of ,sw.cess only on the division which exists in the Liberal ranks. Mr. David Dyson, the celebrated naturalist, died at his residence, Woodbine-cottage, Rusholme, on Wednes• day last, at the early age of 33. APOTHECARIES' f 3 ALL.—Names of gentlemen who passed their examination in the science an practice of medicine, and received certificates to practise, on Thurs day, Dec. 11, 1856 :—lt ,bert George Powell, Liver pool ; Benjamin Francis Popham, Cork, Ireland ; Edward William Joliye, Wingfield, Sussex ; Joseph Giles, Frome, Somerset; John Smith Brickwell, Sawbridgewortb, Herts, THE LATE STORMS.—The port of Plymouth has, during the last week, been visited by a succession of southerly storms, of a very severe character, which have . happily been unattended with any serious damaee in the harbour, either afloat or ashore. There are, ~8 how ever, in the channel, outside the port, sad indi s c o a ;d io to of shipwreck and probable loss of life. At B the eastward, the foremast of a schooner of above °v' 40 feet) with tons, carried away by the deck (say cross-trees, &c., was found on blond3oaoiithaenHdamtehevensseexi: day, on Wembury beach, the foreyard_ iron-bound square at Noss the topsailyard, and at othoombe her bul warks. Near the Eddystone several deal cases, supposed to contain . ng aßboroittishoomawrnuefdancetsudraedy goods, were observed fi oatiafiernoon a cask of foreign morning, and on Tbur brandy, picked up by as fisherman, was delivered to the u torn -house. Two similar casks autoriies at the board a Cornish fishing-boat riding in are h rep t orted onb Cawsand-bay. DESPERATE CASES of ARSON.—DIABOLICAL ATTEMPT TO DEBTSOT THE HOUSEHOL D O F A CLERGYMAN . — Last n i g ht the S ecr etary of State for the Rome Department offered a reward of 301., and the Unity Fire Insurance Association another reward of 201. for the apprehension of the following incendiaries :----In the first case it ap pears that the rectory house of the Rev. W. Palin, situate at Stifford, Essex, had been burglariously en tered, and wilful attempt made to set fire to the same. In addition to the above rewards, Sir George Grey will advise the grant of her Majesty's gracious pardon to any accomplice not being the person who actually attempted to set fire to the house, who shall give such evidence as shall lead to such discovery and conviction. Her , Majesty's Secreta r y o f S tate will also advise the Queens pardon to any accomplice, not beingthe actual perpetrator of the crime, who sh a ll g i ve such evidence as shall lead to the conviction of the par ties who maliciously set fire to the ricks in the stackyard belonging to Robert Longstaff, Esq., of Halstead Hall, in the parish of Shaxwould, whereby seven immense stacks of corn, valued at several hundred pounds, inde pendent of stacks of hay, straw, and other produce, were totally consumed. The sufferer has offered a reward of 501., and the directors of the County Fire Office have offered a further reward of 501. to any one who will give the necessary information that shall lead to the capture and conviction of the incendiary or incendiaries. VACANCIES, APPOINTMENTS, AND PROMOTIONS IN THE CIVIL SERVICE.—The Treasury. —A clerkship in the Treasury has become vacant by the appointment of Sir Alexander Duff Gordon to the Board of Inland Revenue. General Post Office.—Mr. Sharp has been appointed postmaster of Lymington. The Emigration Office.— Mr- R. Hackworth and Mr. A. Gilbert have been ap pointed extra clerks, at 68. per diem. Mr. W. Baines and Mr. Chas. Ryd Bishop have been promoted from the Bs. to the 10s. class of extra clerks, in the room of Messrs. Butler and Compton, promoted. Customs.— Mr. T. Gor don has been appointed a clerk in the London Docks. Mr. T. Carnachan, tidewaiter at Wigtown, has been ap pointed principal coast officer at Garliestown, Wigt own. Mr. Henry, controller • , ,t Banff, has been appointed oontroller at Whitby, Mr. H. Flake, controller of Wig town, has been appointed controller at Banff. Mr. R. H. Forster, extra ;clerk, has been appointed a clerk at 1 Folkest one. Mr. C. Hunter has been appointed a clerk at Jersey. Mr. T. B. Morris has been appointed a clerk at Bristol. East Indies—The Hon. E. H. North has been attached to the north-western provinces and the Punjaub. Mr. H. A. Mangles has been appointed second assistant accountant general to the government 'of India. Mr. R. Simson has been appointed to officiate as under secretary to the government of India in the foreign department. Dr. R. P. Jeston, civil surgeon of Futtehpore, has been appointed to the medical charge of the politi ca l agency and civil station of Neemuch. The Hon. A. Eden has been appointed to officiate as joint ruagiirrate and deputy collector of Baraset.—Civi4 Scr rice Gazette. LATEST NE WS. THE OVERLAND MAIL. • We have received by Submarine and British Telegraph intelligence from Trieste of yesterday's late. The steamer Calcutta arrived there on the 12th of December, 12.15 p.m., in 114 hours from Alexandria. The Indian mails bring advices from Bombay of the 17th of November, Calcutta the Bth of No vember, Madras the 14th of November, and Ceylon the 17th of November. War was proclaimed against Persia at Calcutta on the Ist of November. The last division of the fleet left Bombay on ;he 13th of November. Five thousand troops are to occupy Karrack and Bushire. The whole of India is profoundly tranquil. Exchange at Bombay, 2s. 2id. Money market tighter. Import market steady. The banks had again raised their rates of interest. Exchange at Calcutta, 2s. 241. Money abun dant. Freights firm. Exchange at Madras, 28. 2d. to 2s. 20. Money market easy. TRIESTE, DEC. 11. Intelligence from Constantinople of the sth announces that the English vessels of war engaged in watching the Isle of Serpents will winter in the Delta of the Danube. Six English vessels of war had approached Ormus, in the Persian Gulf. The heir to the throne of Persia is dead. The Paris correspondent of the Nord of Brus• sell gives the following account of the opinions entertained by the Sardinian Cabinet on the ques tion of Bolgrad " A document will shortly be published by the Turin journals in the shape of a note drawn up by Count Cavour, in reply to a note of Russia, which had requested Sardinia to give her opinion both with respect to the advisability of recommencing the conference, and to the questions of the Island of Serpents and of Bnlgrad. Count Cavour admits that the text of Art. 20 of the treaty of peace is in favour of Russia, but he gives it as his opinion that the spirit of the article, and the intention of the plenipotentiaries were to remove Russia from the lower Danube, and consequently to deprive her of the Bolgrad which she wishes to preserve. It is exactly this point which is to bo examined by the con , gress." A letter from Galatz, in the New Prussian Gazette, says :—" The commission of the Danube is, it, is said, of opinion to give the preference to the Kilia mouth, the channel of which is not in terrupted by obstacles, and does not require any improvements, like those of Sulina and St. George. It appears that it will cost less to remove the bar which is off the mouth of the Kilia than to sup press those of the other mouths. A violent shock of earthquake was felt here yesterday afternoon. This is the second this year." The Czgs of Cracow reproduces the statement made during the war, that St. Petersburg is about to be fortified. Then, as now, Generals Behm and Todleben were named as having been charged with the execution of the project. A Vienna correspondent of the Nord of Brus sels, in reference to the approaching conferences, says :—" The high official regions here were divided into two parties, one of which recom mended the adhesion of the Austrian Cabinet to the convocation of the congress, whilst the second objected with obstinacy to that course, which certainly is the only means of solving present difficulties. An autograph letter from the Em peror of the French put an end to the hesitation of our Cabinet, and the Emperor Francis Joseph on receiving it at once entered into the views of his august ally." In a leader in its number of this morning (Dec. 10), the Oesterraichische Zeitung attributes the murderous attempt o n the King to the " Mazzinists," but in the adjoining column we find the following remarkable passage, which is contained in a letter w ritten by a Conservative Turin correspondent on the sth inst. N aples is said to be in a state of extreme excitement, and a s pirit of insubordination and mutiny i s believed to prevail in the Neapolitan army A collision between the native troops and Swiss is considered likely, and the latter look forward to it with sombre resolution." In political circles in Paris it is said that the Russian flotilla in the Caspian Sea has been, or is to be, re-inforced ; and that there is likely to be a movement of troops in Bessarabia, probably with a view to Austria. A note has within the last few days been de spatched by the Prussian Cabinet to the various participators in the London Protocol, is connec tion with the refusal of the Swiss Federal Council to accede to the joint demands of so many Powers for the liberation of the prisoners. The Paris Pairie of this evening says that the Ambassador of Turkey at Paris, Mthemet- Djemil-B y, will no doubt represent the Sultan at the Conferences of Paris. The trial of the royalist rebels of Neuchatel will probably commence early in January. FRANCE. PARIS, FE.IDAY EVENING. The Moniteur publishes a decree approving of the statutes of the Mutual Aid Association of dramatic artistes, and another decree names 13.1r0n Taylor the president of the association. BOURSE, DEC. 12.—The following were the last quotations : Cash. fr. c. End of Month. 4i per Cents 3 per Cents 67 15 67 45 New Loan — Bank Shares 4, 1 5 0 Roman (x d) BSA Credit Mobilier 1,517 50 Austrian Belgian Fives wi Spanish Threes — Piedmontese (5) 92 Home Debt RAILWAYS-FOR CASH. fr. c. 'fr. c. Orleans 1,317 15 Western Northern ............... 942 50 Strasburg Lyons .................. 1,368 75 New Ditto Mediterranean 1,775 Grand Central Lyons Geneva Cutts .................. 760 Austrian Com AUSTRIA. A letter from Vienna of the Bth, in the Indepen dance of Brussels, says :—" Yesterday the birth day anniversary of the Archduke Francis Charles, father of the Emperor Francis Joseph, was cele brated by a solemn service in the chapel of the palace. In the afternoon a grand family dinner was given at which all th e mem b er s of the Imperial family, new in the capital, were present, and in the evening a concert took place in the apartments of the Archduchess Sophia. It is asserted that Sir Hamilton Seymour w ill be prevented, by political circumstances, from joining the Imperial suite in Italy, as was intended, but that Lady Seymour is un the point of leaving for Venice." Another letter from Vienna, in the Silesian , Gazette, gives the following details of the amnesty which has been proclaimed in Hungary No further steps will be taken against the Government , officials wito were compromised by the political events of 1848 and 1849. The past is to be f or got ten. The surveillance which has been sus pended over many individuals will cease. In a word, Hungary having returned to her normal state, the inhabitants are no longer to be subjected to any unusual measures of administration or super intendence." PRUSSIA: A letter from Berlin of the 9th says The Chamber of Nobles of our United Diet yesterday adjourned for the 01)ristmas holidays to the 10th January. The Monetary Conference at Vienna resumed its sittings to-day. The number of the Prussian Weekly Sheet was seized yesterday by the police, on account of, as is said, a leading article on the opening of the Parliamentary session. Seizures of newspapers have been very frequent of late—we have had one almost every week." A letter from Frankfort, in the Monitetcr, says : —" Dr. [farmer has been named first burgomaster of this city for 1857 ; and M. Fellner, senator,. second burgomaster. The committ ee charged with the task of examining the proposition relative to the meeting of a conference for drawing up a uni form code of commerce for the whole of Germany has proposed the convocation for the 15th January next. The assembly will vote on the point at one of its earliest sittings." ITALY. The Genoa Gazette states that, in the absence of all details relative to the late movement in Sicily, it is believed that no important town has taken part in it. It is asserted that more ;ban 300 per sons have been arrested at Palermo. The official Gautle of Verona announces that the Emperor Francis Joseph has remitted the sen tence passed upon Ferdinando Appolonso, Gaetano Bergameschi, Romano Bertan, Pietro Calla, Fi denzio Chiovatto, Bartolomeo Dergato, Alvise Finetto, Pietro Innoceute, Giuseppe Gardin, Sant! Padovan, Sante Pizzini, Pietro Rai, Giovanni Maria Spanger, Giovanni Seechieri, and Alvine Toletti. SWEDEN. At the opening of the Swedish Diet, King °gear announced, in very noble language, that a bill would be presented in the course of the session for the establishment .of freedom of religious worship in the kingom. The text of that measur e has just been published ; and it proves how stro pg religious prejudices must still be in Sweden, sinc e notwithstanding the good intentions of the So's reign and the spirit of the constitution, the gover7l - has only ventured to propose enactments of: very limited character, and which do not by axlY means reach the standard which the King's 131 " guage had led people to expect. The following 1s . an analysis of the principal provisions of the bird "Art. 1 revokes the clauses and enactments of the penal code relative to the penalties attached to departttre, from the true evangelical doc:rine, and the profession another faith. These penalties were nothing less than (3),,,a and confiscation, and the persons who left the Sw edl6 " church almost in every case became Protestants of anoth er denomination. Every Swede, however, who leaves " national Swedish church is obliged to make: ra' a formsl • claration to that effect in registers of his r` lls '" i 0i: Art. 2 revokes the enactments of the same code, why will entail the penalty of exile for the propagation ~12r erroneous doctrines, and changes the punishment or that offence into a fine, varying from 68fr. to 400 fr., imprisonment of from ono to twelve months._Ar t; • proposes that whoever shall Beek by persuasion, thre 3,8! or other illicit mean., to lead to apestacy from the S dish church shall be liable to a fine of from 70fr. to 4 01 1 and for each repetition of the offence to inaprisonineut' ° from 2 to 12 months.—Art. 4 states that children hal before their parents have changed are to be brought u ? 1 1 the doctrines of the Swedish ch'urch, and the mutliclla . councillors are ordered to see that this prescription tsen fully carried out.—Art. 5 states that no one cat ) L so , consequence of his religious profession, be releas_ed d om • the observance of all the laws in vigour in the k ltl bo ld —Art. 6 allows members in the Swedish church rt',Z ng religious meetings in private houses, provided 1"'''..14 takes place calculated to destroy public orcl°?7 - , at every meeting for the purpose of religious worsolr'- which a clergyman does not officiate, e ntrance c a- r to be refused either to the clergyman of the pari gh l t h e se the public functionaries of the neighbourhood ; an ," ,he latter can, in case of illegality or disorder, disf4°'/- se meetings. No such meetings, however, can i n any ti iye o take place, unless by a special permission , underers penalty of a fine of from 68f. to 150 f. for the pn.. lending his house, and of 14 1 , for each person prese ' SPAIN. A letter from Madrid of the Gth, in the Siecle, says :—" The parting knell of the N arVaeZ Cabinet is now sounding, and no one here ima g ines that the patient can recover. It is positive that the Ministerial crisis has already commenced. Accord; ing to some accounts it will be partial;and limited to the retirement of MM. Barzanallana and Urbis• tondo. Persons, however, generally well informed positively s tate that the cris is is g eneral and extends to all the Cabinet • they even go so far as to ssi that General de la Pezuela and M. Beltran AR Lis are charged to f or m a new Ministry. what day Absolutist and more apparent to. becomes every every eye is that the party i s ga ining; ground. The cabinet is in a state of prostratio n, and in every case of difference of opinion the Duk e ' a s i dTehpaertment the 0 -340 of Valencia always ends by giving way i t i s evi dently not the same Na,rvaez who had ' etnigt atod Clamor _Public° publ: returned rnin ministerial r i i i official li P• thathshe shaisn of the supplementary credits cabinet has already voted,although! which the Nary as an ex i s tence of 55 days. it only r eclo r ~,, to 225,732,622 reals, to This little total anion ; add 200 millions of - • which it will be prol 34 l,bt increase on the floating , previously voted by 1105 the constituent Cortes. torations are, it appears, expensive thinos•" A royal decree in • --b • f h ie Bth declares null the 1, f adrid Gazette 0 ~_ 0 and vo id cer t a in restrictiu which were imposed i o,_, on by decree of the 9th . t . the of t Lie ° ° o promulgation of the dog - 0 Immaculate Conception decree I ; and another .,__ the same • f A- 10 ' el lan, journal restores General Falcon, 0 - who figured in the insurrection of Sarago-.oh to h is grade, honours and decorations, of 011/11 ,her he was deprived on the 16th July last. The 3v is Madrid papers of the Bth contain no political ill do of interest. The Epoca says that the Ma r q uis la Pezuela had received an offer of the Rubin embassy, but had declined it ;__ also that General of intention not to accept the Captaincy- ., Cuba, which there was some intention of offer 7 him. The works of the different lines of rail s/ Iv . were being carried on with extraordinary acti ll ';, a The section from Madrid to Alicante c ould, it W eil believed, be opened in the spring ; 40,00 0 In were employed on it. 1,4.. The Chroniquer of Friburg of the 9th has a iv ter from Estavayer, which gives some details rela tive,to the late disturbances in that part of Svvitzer lano., and says :—" Everything passed off e.ll during the voting, which was terminated at ten la the. evening. About Huardhundred peasants rer mained in the town to g the arms and proteo! the conservatives, who were said to 1) menac,3d by a coup de main. At eleven o'clock, the radi.c.xls of the t o wn took from the Arsenal the two little cannons which played a part in the Sonderbundt and conveyed them to the chateau with lighte a matches. The court -yard was fall of elec.tors. The peasants, who were indignant, seized 000 of the cannons (it was not loaded), and carried i t o ff to the pu blic -house, the Cerf, where they plat ea tin the cellar. h It ad been rumoured for son° t i me that arms were secr eted at the c hateau th e discharged soldiers of the contingent having giv e , l ! u p their arms here instead of at Friburg. 11." rumour turns out to be true ; the radicals Pr° sented themselves armed at the chateau, and wh el l the last voters retired, in passing by the 1.(34 0 round the Grand Tour, musket-shots were fired 0,.... them ; several of them were wounded, three Vii riously. I fear all danger is not yet over. t'L. day long, arms have been taken to the chateall...a Soldiers are beginning to arrive, and morel expected. tho A letter from A ncona, of Dec. 2, says that state of sieg he e was raisei the previous day ',a Marches of Romagna, the provinces of Bologna' and Ancona alone excepted : they are to remain lin 0 military government. The Queen Maria Christiil of Spain left Ancona on the 2d for Rome' —_— 110 Th e n umber of stu dents at the various metropo-1 hospitals a mounts to 1,080. ‘r sill' s The inquiry int o the outbreak of the fire at 0- 0- 4 .1,6 Etodk i nso n and Roll's premises has terminated. ' origin of the fire could not be dicd d. „A A to MiNEs.—For many months we have no t been 0.',—..„6 repor t upon 5 3 buoyant a marke t for shares as iv' ,"' — is had during the p ast week. The difficultY 11°" 94 t o get shares in good mines, an d not to sell the , " i , erab'e rise in prices, formerly,d and we fully expect to see a further and e e s g , Many misses which have hitherto paid good diviclelo must now increase them, and others which had been especially in copper and tin Min de paying cost will be enabled, through the advanc ea copper, to give dividends. It be acknowleay. n all sides that tbe miner is deserving of this Of The smelters have had it all their own wa y for rai°, l t months, and, having laid in a good stock of oretsol`:, their own prices, have raised the metal 18/. Per d o ,without, of course, supposing that the East if r o Company would soon be in the market for a " ''' quantity of copper.—lllining Journal of this daY.