The Sun. — London, England, 1842-04-21 00:00:00

was, that the inmates of the asylum should be treated w ith kindness ; and he thought any gentleman with or dinary capacity could judge of that. In the Metropoli tan Commission there were five Medical Commissioners and only two barristers. If medical men were to be ap pointed to this charge, he believed they would not be able to secure the services of any . but very young practi tioners ; and it would, he believed, be very annoying to the very respectable men who had the management of the medical departments, to have such Commissioners as those to interfere with them, instead of gentlemen whose views would probably not clash with theirs. This was one very strong reason why he objected to Medical Com missioners being appointed. He proposed that the bar rister should take any independent medical man of the neighbourhood, with him, and decide upon the sanity of a patient in an asylum ; and this, he thought, would meet the objection of the Honourable Member for Finsbury. The Visiting Magistrates bad, in many cases, cot exercised their power of liberating inmates of asylums as fully as they ought to have done. This unquestionably was frequently. because they could not see their way through the legal difficulties of such an Act; but the conduct of the Visiting Commissioners, as set forth in the Bill, would be both an example and ant encourage ment to the local Justices. lie altogether differed from the views stated in the petition read by the Hon. Diem ben He believed that interfering with the medical con dition of inmates of lunatic asylums would be taking the responsibility from the regular medical officers. He, did not think they would be able to get any able medical man in full practice to sacrifice so much of his time as the duties of a Medical Commissioner would require of him. He wished he could have thought it possible to have made the measure much more compre hensive than it was ; but another Bill had been intro duced on the subject into the other House of Parliament. lie had not heard any arguments from the Hon. Gentle man that had induced him to alter his opinion as to the provisions of the Bill as it then stood. Mr. PA.KINGTON gave every credit to his Noble Friend for the motives which had actuated him in bring ing, forward this measure. He thought, however, it would be more advisable to have Medical Commissioners than barristers. He hoped his Noble Friend would also reconsider some of the more stringent portions of the Bill, which were of an inquisitorial character. He did not think that any Barrister Commissioner could perform his duties satisfactorily. He was glad to hear that the barrister might employ the medical officer appointed by the sessions, and he hoped that it would be made com pulsory on the barrister to have his assistance_ If the Bill were to pass in its present state, he feared that no medical person of respectability would undertake the keeping of a lunatic asylum. Mr. W. MILES hoped this Bill was mainly the pre cursor of some more general enactment on the subject. lie objected having the Commissioners appointed ex clusively from the legal profession, and suggested that there should be one Legal and one Medical Commissioner. H , , approved of the present method of inspection by the Visiting Magistrates, assisted as they always were by there own medical officer, without whose advice it would frequently have been impossible for them to determine cn the cases brought before them. He could not adopt the proposition of the Hon. Member, but at the same time he thanked the Hon. Member for bringing it forward. Lord GRANVILLE SOMERSET said he would strike out the clause restricting the Commission from calling in the assistance of the medical officer appointed by the Court of - Quarter Session. Mr. WAKLEY said, he hoped the Noble Lord would neither mention Medical Commission norLegalCommis- Lion, but leave the whole responsibility to the Lord Chan cellor. He would withdraw his amendment if the Noble Lord would adopt the suggestion he had made—viz., to introduce the words " two Commissioners," only leaving -the profession to the Lord Chancellor. :\ Ir. I'. HOWARD thought that a medical man was to he preferred to a man of the legal profession, being more adapted to the office. He should, therefore, support the Hon. Member for Finsbury. Mr. HENLEY thought that the word " barrister " should remain. Lord G. SOMERSET could not acquiesce in the proposition of the Hon. Member for Finsbury, to leave the responsibility of the appointment of the Commission to the Lord Chancellor. Mr. WAKLEY withdrew his first amendment, . and moved in its stead the words " Two Commissioners," leaving out the words "Barristers." lie trusted the Noble Lord and the House- would adopt this suggestion. Mr. HARDY would much rather see the adoption of the proposal for a Commissioner of the legal pro fession and one of the medical profession to be ap pointed than the last proposal of the lion. Member. He (Mr. Hardy) had visited a lunatic asylum, and he met a man there who was confined as a lunatic, and he conversed so rationally that he (Mr. H.) was led to enter into conversation with him with respect to his situation, when the re_an informed. him that. he had been placed there by his brother in order to his being deprived of his property. He conversed with the man so long, that at last he was locked up in the ward with half a dozen of the lunatics—(Loud laughter)—who came round him, and said that. they-had been placed there in the same way, having been left there by their friends.—(Roars of laughter.) Had he (Mr. Hardy) been a Magistrate of that district, so rational did the man talk to whom he had alluded, that he would have ordered his discharge. He thought that that was a good reason why a medical man should be appointed. Mr. GODSON thought there ought to be a combi nation of the two professions. He had known a medical man who swore that he believed every man was mad. Strangers were then ordered to withdraw. The House then divided, when there appeared — Fur the Amendment Against it Majority for the Amendment — 3 On re4ntering the gallery we found Lord G. - SOMERSET on his legs, who said a few words, which 'ere quite inaudible. After a desultory ,conversation between the NOBLE LORD and Mr. WAKLEY, the latter Hon. Member sug gested that the Chairman should report progress, Lord G. SOMERSET said he thought, then, that the only course for him was to move that the Chairman re port progress, and ask leave to sit again. The CHAIRMAN reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again this day fortnight. COPYRIGIIT BILL. On the motion that clause 15 stand part of the Bill, Mr. WAKLEY said he thought this clause would prevent elegant extracts being put into school-books ; he wished to know what ef&ct this clause would have with respect to the existing law, which was at present very- stringent ; but stringent though it was, it was beieve.l that the proposed clause would be much more so. Mr. GODSON said that he thought that the making of extracts to a limited extent would not come within the limits of piracy ; and instead ofinjuring the property, they would serve as a very good advertisement. If the extracts were bona fide, then it would not be a piracy; but unless there were some restriction, they might; under the pretence of a school-hook, extract the whole of the book, or at any rate the whole of the beauties of it. The sole question before a Court of Law was, whether the extracts were so extensive as to injure the property. lle thought, thet unless the clause were retained, authors wotild have no means of defending themselves agains Tinley. Mr. AGLIONBY opposed the clause. It appeared to bite that the effect of passing this clause would be, that the large class of books on important subjects which, from their cheapness,- were accessible to the public, would no longer be placed within their reach. It was, in his opinion, entirely inconsistent with the public inte rest that this clause should be agreetl i to. Lord MAHON said it was undoubtedly perfectly fair that in the works of Enfield and Blair passages should be inserted from Scott or 'from Byron ; but this clause was intended to provide for a totally different case. Nothing was more easy than, under the name of conipila-' tion, to extract all the essential parts of a work, and it was against that evil that this clause was intended to provide. Admitting, with the Hon. Member opposite, that there were many cases in which the ex tracts were perfectly fair, yet he contended that there were others in which the grossest injustice was perpe trated under the name of compilation. The object of this clause was to re-enact and re-affirm the existing law. Mr. GODSON explained. Nr. WAKLEY said that if the clause was passed a large class of useful publications would be stopped. The Mirror, which contained the most valuable matter, and had been circulated for many years throughout the cot tages of the land, consisted almost exclusively of compi lations. So also, to a great extent, did Chambers's Edin burgh Journa Both those works would be injuriously affcted by the proposed clause. Mr. HODGSON was most desirous to have piracy de fined. Mrh:.t better test could there be than the fa t it of the extract being injurious to the property of another ? This would be the question which should be in cases of litigation laid before the Jury. The length of an extract would only sometimes Le an evidence of alleged iuju r y ; but many'circumstances should be considered at once. Mr. CHRISTIE was anxious that authors should be protected against compilers. Mr. WAKLEY quoted from Mr. Godson that a piracy Was not committed unless nearly the whole of a book was extracted, or the extracts made with a manifest bad intent in the opinion of a jury. After a short conversation, during which some verbal amendments were agreed to, the Committee divided, when there appeared— For the clause Against it Majority for the clause The clause was then passed. Clauses 17, 18, and 19, were agre.ed to, with some slight amendments in the last. Clauses 20, 21, 22 and 23 were agreed to. On Clause 24. a discussion took place, during which Mr. GODSON explained the object of the clause was to preclude the necessity of applying to the Court of Chancery in all cases of piracy, for an injunction to prevent it. The clause allowed the injunction to be is sued . by the Common Law Courts, thus avoiding the necessity for two sets of proceedings. Me WAKLEY said the elapse, still left the option of applying to the Court of Chancery. The more sensible course would be to compel the application to be made to the Common Law Cou:c at once. Air. GODSON explained that in case an inju nc ti on, as well as damages, were reit:tired, it would b e necessary to apply to the Court of Chancery, Mr. Sergeant JACKSON suggested that, in case an action had been commenced in a Court of Common Law for another purpose, then the power of granting an in junction should_be_given it ; but lie objected to givi ng thatiMlN3R,UAMl.,urts a power which they did not arlieesent,t, >Mr. - IiGLIOICt ' that the better course bested '' -, Would be - io postponte e clause, in order that it might be drawn up inAp:i. t":', form. The adoption of such a e,,rse Avot4:44M-4 • oble Lord (Mahon) to consult, `l'" Judges of.4tet! Cl 4 ;iiiiiton Law Courts. A \ fter a fe - *observatiOns from Lord Mahon, the clause es. - s ordered to be struck out. . .. 36 11 -25 Clauses 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33 were agreed to without a division, as were also the schedules and the preamble, and the Bill was ordered to be re ported to-morrow. PUBLIC HOUSES. The Public-Houses Bill was read a second time, on the motion of Captain Rous, and ordered to be committed. BARRISTERS (IRELAND) BILL. Sir V. BLAKE moved the second reading of the Bar risters (Ireland) Bill, the object of which, was to enable the Benches of Queen's Inn, Ireland, to call Gentlemen to the Irish Bar without their first keeping a certain number of terms in England. Mr. Sergeant JACK — SON opposed the second reading of the Bill, and moved that it should be read a second time that day six months. He believed that the Bill was not called fbr, and that the students of the Irish Bar were satisfied that they received great benefit from being obliged to keep a certain number of terms in England. Mr. JOHN O'CONNELL said that the Irish student who was forced, by the present law, to come to London to study, was exposed to the temptations of the metropo lis, at a time of life, when, of all others, it was most dan gerous to th em . Th e genera li ty o f the students merely came to England to save the terms, and not for the pur poses of study. He hoped the House and the Learned Solicitor-General for Ireland would not oppose the inti o duction of a measure which would dispense with the compulsory attendance of Irish students at the Inns of Court in London. Mr. HURD opposed the second reading of the Bill. The - amendment was then put and carried, without a division. DRAINAGE (IRELAND) COMMITTEE. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN moved that Mr. J. O'Brien be added to the Committee on the Drainage (Ireland) Bill.—Agreed to. The House then adjourned at a Quarter after Twelve o'Clock. PARLIAMENTARY 1) HOUSE OF LORDS.—A MINORITY of SEVENTEEN AGAR READING of the CORN EARLS. Malmesbury Yarborough LORDS. Hastings Willoughby d'Eresby Camoys DUKE. Buckingham MARQUIS. Clanricarde EARLS. Orkney Tankerville Stanhope MINORITY of FIVE FOR SOLUTION FOR FR MARQUIS. Clanricarde EARL. Radnor IPRIL 18, NST the SECOND BILL. LORD 3. Beaumont Kinnaird Liiford Rayleigh Godolphin Western De Freyne LORD BROUGHAM'S RE EE TRADE IN CORN. LORDS. Kinnaird Brougham Vivian AMERICAN NEWS UNITED STATES-INVASION OF TEXAS. (BY EXPRESS.) ARRIVAL OF THE COLUMBIA:-LATER FROM THE UNITED STATES. LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY MORNING. We have received by the Coltimbia, Captain Judkins, arrived at this port, this morning early, New York papers to the 31st, and Boston to the Ist, her day of sailing. She left Halifax on the 4th. The Columbia was longer on her voyage out than usual, having experienced very rough weather ; and in a squall on the 18th, she broke her paddle .shaft when in lat. 44.33, lon. 54.04, and having to use canvass for the rest of the voyage, reached Halifax oil the 25th, after a voyage. of 20 days 15 hours. She did not pro ceed to Boston, but her mails were forwarded by the Unicorn. There was no opportunity of properly re pairing the damage during her stay at Halifax, bat her commander Capt. Judkins, did not hesitate to, take her to sea again with cnly one paddle in action, in which state she started from Halifax on the 4th, and has made the voyage under this great disadvantage in 151 days. In consequence of her late arrival out, and the damage she had sustained, few passengers went to Boston to meet her, presuming that the packet of the Ist, from New York, would anticipate her. The Warspite, 46 days from England, with Lord Ash burton on board, was telegraphed as below New York on Friday, at 5 o'clock, r.m. She sailed from Portsmouth. on the 16th of February. The British Consul had despatched a steamer to tow her up to the city. The most important political news is the invasion of Texas by 14,000 Mexicans, under General Arista, who had taken St. Antonia and Goliad. The movement had taken the Texians'by surprise, but they were preparing for a spirited resistance. The New York Express has the following observations:— THE INVASION OF TEXAS. The sudden and secret onset made upon Texas, under the orders of Santa Anna, indicates great ability on his part, and a great confidence of success. Houston seems certain of repelling the invaders, and of ultimatelyplant ing the Texian flag in the City of Mexico. The advance of the Mexicans will soon meet about 2,000 Texians, and by the next arrival we shall probably have the result of the conflict. The news has startled the South Western part of the United States as much as if the United States itself had been invaded. The close connexion of sons and fathers, brothers and sisters, existing between the etnigrants to Texas and the relations they have left at home, imparts to them the liveliest interest in the contest. It will be almost impossible for our Government to prevent active and energetic interference, for hundreds and hundreds would prefer expatriation to resting still. It the Texian forces in the end march on towards Mexico, it will be im possible to restrain citizens of the United States from rushing into this field of novel enterprise and ambition. The New Orleans Bee, indeed, calls out bud for the friends of Texas to rally. " The Texas army," it says," should have its standard decorated with a miniature of the cathedral in the centre of the City of Mexico, so that every, man would see it the last thing iu the evening and the first thing in the morning, to keep the end or his exertions continually in his mind, for not until the Texian banner is planted in the public square before the Palace, of Santa Anna should the war be terminated." Preceding the arrival of this intelligence, a corre spondence between General Santa Anna and General James Hamilton had been published, in which the latter holds out the olive branch, as he considered, in the shape of a bribe. It will be seen that, in form and substance, General Hamilton invites General Santa Anna to sell out the Mexican claims upon Texas for 5,000,000 dols., to be , put in the Mexican Treasury, and a bonus of 200,000 dols. for himself. The proposition is marked " con fidential," but is rejected with scorn and disdain, and often with eloquence. If Santa Anna is in earnest, a prolonged war with Texas is inevitable. We rejoice in the eloquent indignation with which Santa Anna hurls back the proposition to sell himself for the 200,000 dols. Generall.l;milton, who, by the way, seems, from the amplitude of hiS projects and negotia tions, rather a citizen of the human race, than of the Uhited States, may, perhaps, blush a little on reading it. This reply of Santa Anna brought forth a smart letter from General Hamilton in reply, breathing a most war like defiance. President Tyler had sent two mes . iages to Congress, the first relating to the applicants for Office was unirn portan;, the second is thus described in the New York Express correspondence :—" The important matter in Congress to-day has been a communicaticn from the President of the United States in reference to the finan cial condition of the country, and the remedies necessary to rescue the Government from existing embarrassments. The reading was listened to with earnest attention by all present, and its various recommendations excited quite a sensation with all those who approved of the sen timents embodied in the report. He is in favour of the imposition of duties equal to entire expenditure of the Government, and expects that new expenditures will be made for the defences of the Government. He sus tains the protective policy, and calls for such discrimi nating duties as will secure the interests of the domestic labour of the country, and, he expects that, to accom plish this, it will be necessary to advance beyond dip 20 per cent. of the Compromise Act, or the 20 per cent. pro vision of the Bill to distribute the proceeds from the sales of the public lands. What is yet more important, he is for pleelging the proceeds from the sales of the Public Domain to the pay ment of the interest of the public debt. The Distribu tion Bill he regards as suspending itself by the 20 per cent, proviso, and it being necessary to go beyond the 20 per cent. proviso to ensure either revenue or protec tion, he calls for the land fund as a pledge for the pay ment of the public debt. The late Administration be queathed to the present a debt now amounting to four teen millions of dollars. This amount, in consequence of the revenue laws, is daily increasing, and something must be done to secure payment, in order to sustain the public faith. A loan of fifteen millions, in conclusion, is recommended to pay the public debt, and a pledge of the Public Domain as security for payment. The President points out the existing difficulties and the remedies for them in a frank and manly manner. Ile leaves the responsibility of action with Congress, where it must ever rest, and declares that the people will not hold the Government guiltless, if it neglects to act in the present emergency of our public affairs. (Correspondence of the Journal of Commerce.) The following is the latest report of Congress . MR. CLAY'S RESOLUTION PASSED. WASHINGTON, MARCH V 30.—Mr Clay's resolutions were taken up, and a long debate took place on the amendments of Mr. Rives for the suspension of the Dis tribution Law. The amendments were rejected, 21 to 22. Mr. Preston then moved that the second, third, fburth, and fifth of Mr. Clay's resolutions be referred to the Committee on Finance, together with Mr. Wright's amendment there. This w as agree d t o . Mr. Clay's seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth resolu tions were also referred to appropriate Committees. The first and sixth of Mr. Clay's resolutions were adopted, one declaring that the General Government should have an adequate revenue to meet its ordinary expenses in time of peace ; and the other declaring that it was the duty of the Government to abolish all useless institutions and offices,, to curtail all unnecessary ex penses, and practice rigid economy. This is the end of all this affair. The reference of the resolutions to the Committees, which had full power from the several subjects before, was merely to get rid of them. It was not desirable to the mujority of the Senate to commit themselves in advance, and without full in formation on so many topics. They were, at the same time, willing to dispose of the propositions in a manner respectful to Mr. Clay. New York had been visited by a most destructive fire. (From the New York Express, April 1.) About half -past three yesterday afternoon an alarm of fire was give n in a blacksmith's shop, near the corner of Christie and Delaney -streets. The wind was blowing a gale, and the fire soon made a clean sweep through For syth, and then across Forsyth more than half-way to Eldridge -street in front, and quite through the rear, two blocks on the left side of Christie -street, half way to Broome, and on the left side of Forsyth down to Broome, I and then on the right side of Eldridge to Broome. Two brick buildings in Eldridge-street, Nos. 92 and 94, across Broome, were also entirely consumed. The number of houses destroyed cannot fall short of one hundred, and were tenanted chiefly by that portion of the community who can least afford to bear the loss. Hundreds of families have lost'their all by this calamity. The buildings were chiefly of wood, and of comparatively small value. ANOTHER GREAT FlRE.—Another fire broke out about four o'clock in the rear of 524, Pearl-street, in a bakery, and owing to the absence of all the engines up town, the rear of five buildings were in flames before anything could be done towards checking it. The fire soon spread through to Anthony-street on one side and Elm on the other, destroying some thirty buildings of all kinds. The rears of No. 524 to 530 on Pearl-street, were much damaged, together with the rear of No. 39, Elm, and the buildings adjoining, indeed the grocery store, corner of Elm and Anthony, was about the only one of the block uninjured. The buildings were old and dilapidated, and occupied chiefly by Irish families, who are now hopeless, and without a shelter, without the charity of our citizens is extended to them. By these two great fires some three hundred families, nearly all poor people, have been turned out of doors, most of them with the destruction, or great damage of their furniture and property. The upper parts of the city were in a high state of alarm ; but so high was the wind, that thousands of persons in the lower wards never knew there was a fire. STILL ANOTHER.—A fire broke out in the two story building, corner of Maiden-lane and Nassau-street, last night at half-past twelve, but was get under without much trouble. The part, No. 35, was occupied by Messrs. Gay and Johnson, as a dry goods store, and No. 351, by F. Fraser, as a comb store. The dry goods were but little injured. The stock in the comb store was injured by water to a considerable extent. The night was bitter cold, the ground freezing, and much suffering was undoubtedly endured. The following is an extract from the log of the Columbia, reeeived at the South American Coffee House : WEDNESDAY, 13TH.—Wind, S.S.W., lat. 47 16, lon. 29 30 ; distance run, 260 miles ; a.m., fresh breezes and cloudy ' • at 10, saw a ship on fire ; at 12, passed her a short distance to windward; hove to her, and got the boats ready. Appeared to be a large barque of 400 to 500 tons burden ; the fore and main-mast and bowsprit gone ; the mizen-mast standing, but no mizen-top-mast ; appeared to be within about two or three feet of the water; remained by her until 1 30 a.m. ; burnt blue ights and rockets to from 10 o'clock. On the 19th, she passed the Roscius. We are sorry to learn that one of the West India Mail steamers had been wrecked at Turk's Island. The steamers had been warned off Porto Rico, and not allowed to land. The fol lowing is from Havannah, March 19 : The Tay, English mail steamer, is just in from Turk's Island, with dates from England to the 3d of February. A great excitement was caused by the mail officers on board refusing to deliver the mails to the Spanish mail officers. When they attempted to take them he drew his sword. A company of twenty-five soldiers was imme diately sent on board, with fixed bayonets, and ordered to use them if the least resistance was offered, and the offending officer was sent on shore under a guard. The Commander of the steamer, meanwhile, refused to meddle in the affair, alleging that he had nothing to do.with the mails. They were in special charge of the mail officer, who was put on board with them. The pas sengers, or any one belonging to the boat, have not been allowed to land, and as yet we know not how the affair will turn. It seems to be a disjointed concern, and I fear may breed difficulty between the two Governments. NEW YORK MONEY MARKET—APRIL 1. The Stock Market continues very much depressed, the sales are limited, and prices generally declining. Illi nois Sixes fell off; Ohio Sixes, 24; Indiana Sterling Bonds, 1; Mohawk, 4; Harlem Railroad. I; and Long Island, 3 per cent. Delaware and Hudson advanced 2-. There is but little demand for Inland Exchanges. The following are to-day's quotations-- Philadelphia, prem. ; Baltimore, k dis. ; Virginia, 81 91 ; North Carolina, 5i 54 ; Charleston, 1i 2 ; Sa vannah, 224 ; Augusta, 24 3 ; Mobile, 27 28 ; Mont gomery-, 29 30 ; New Orleans, 7 7i ; Nashville, 20 ; Louisville, 7 ; St. Louis, 23 25 ; Cincinati, 9 10. We noticed an improved demand for Exchange on England. The closing rates were 1064 107, and 107 k per cent. Southern bills, without city indorsements, have been sold at 1054- 106, and there is still a fair sup ply at these rates. Bills on France are negotiated at sf. 374 c. Treasury Notes have been purchased freely for the payment of duties at 2 to 2+ per cent. discount for notes, of $l,OOO. and 11 to 2 for those of less denomination. The Comptroller has given public notice that the in terest on the City Stocks, including the Seven per cent. Water Loan, which will be due on the Ist of May, will be paid at the Bank of the State of New York on the 2d of May. Cotton remains dull. About 400 bales were sold this morning at the following rates :—Uplands, very ordinary to middling, at 5+ to 51 and 7+c. ; fair to good fair and good 84 to and 94c. ; Tennexse and Alabamas, 51 to . Bc. per lb. ; Mobiles, Louisianas, &c., ordinary to middling, 71c. ; fair to good fair 0+ to 101 c. ; good and fine 101 to 11 and 114 c. per lb. Sales of Genesee Flour were made at $6,371 ; 400 barrels Ohio, $6, Georgetown $6, Pennsylvania $5,871, Troy $6 to $6121, Baltimore and Brandywine $5,874 to $6. Rye flour $8,25 to $8 30. Cornmeal $2,871 to $3,124. 410 bushels New Orleans Corn (musty) 54c. A few small lots of Potashes at $6,374 to $6,50 ; 15 do. Pearls $5,50. 200 hhds. New Orleans - Molasses, 20c., and 400 hdds. and 62 tierces about 19c. 4 months. PHILADELPHIA, MARCH 31, FIVE P.M.—But a very trilling account of business was done at the Exchange Board to-day, $3, 609 Pennsylvania Fives, 1864, sold at 33 ; 76 shares United States Bank, 2-k ; 5 ditto North American Bank, 155 ; 5 ditto Reading R. 8., 181. At the close 70 was asked for Camden and Amboy R. ; and 9to 94 for Wilmington R. R. Exchange on New York and Boston to per cent. discount ;on Baltimore, 4to discount. (Correspondence of the Courier and Enquirer.) BALTIMORE, THURSDAY, 9 A.m.—Nothing new by the western mail this morning. The foreign news received here yesterday had no ef fect on the flour market. Howard-street continues to sell at $5 50 ; City Mills is held at $ 5 50. There is no wheat in market. Maryland prime reds arrived bring 110 to 115 cents. ; yellow corn is selling at 55 cents., and white at 55 to 56c. ; 116 bushels Pennsylvania Oats sold at 44 cents. ; Maryland Oats, 41 to 42 c. ; Cloverseed can be bought for $4 to $4 50, and is very dull. Nothing doing in barrelled meats. The stock of bacon is very large, and prime new Western as sorted is held at 41- to 5 ; No. 1 Western lard in kegs can be bought at 54- cents. ; Whiskey 190. in hhds, and 20c. in bbls., and dull. We have no news here. EIGHT DAYS LATER FROM TEXAS.-EVACUATION OF SAN ANTONIO. By the arrival of the steamer Neptune at New Orleans, we have received the Galveston Gazette and Advertiser to the 21st ult., eight days later than before received. The greatest spirit and enthusiasm prevailed through out the Texan Republic. , Austin had not been taken, and the Mexicans had plundered and evacuated San Antonio. The Texas troops were in pursuit of the Mexicans, and it was confidently expected that the latter would be com pletely routed, It appears that the Mexican invading army was much smaller than reported. It gives the Texans a better chance to retaliate. The general enthusiasm of the community was so great that it extended to the fair sex, and several of the ladies of Galveston were industriously engaged in moulding bullets, and making cartridges for the use of the army. There had been contributed by the citizens of Galves ton about 12,000 dollars in provisions, munitions of war, and money. (From the Galveston Gazette, March 17. 1842.) CITY OF HOUSTON, MARCH 17, 1842.—The news by express from Austin up to the 13th inst., is that the enemy have evacuated San Antonio, after havinc , plun dered the place. They were laden down with baggage, and march slowly. Col. Hays is harrassing them on their march. They only march about eight miles each day. The troops from Austin and those on the frontier are marching to overtake and beat them. War shall now be waged against Mexico, nor will we lay our arms aside until we have secured the recognition of our independence. Until then I will never rest satis fied, nor will the people of Texas. We invoke the God of Armies.—Your friend, SAM. HOUSTON. tIIE ARTFUL DODGER'S TARIFF.—The Morning Chronicle calls for the support of the Liberals to the tariff o Peel, because of those cheese-parings of reduction—those baits to catch minnows he has thinly sprinkled over it. With great respect for our Contemporary, we totally differ from his policy. The Minister stands upon his plans as a whole, and he must be resisted on the whole. We will not consent to catch at gilded bait, and be dragged into the gulph after it. We will not con sent to support a plan in any of its parts, by which we will, as a principle, confirm monopoly—strengthen bad government for the empire, and Ireland particularly—and have the impulse of free trade, without the reality of protection. If, as a plan, the measure of Peel was essential relief we would support it as a plan, with its minor objections. But as the plan is essential injury, minor merits must not save it from discomfiture. We call upon the Irish Members to rally, and availing themselves of the desertion of Peel's faction, in the small points in which he may be right, to defeat the flagitious Minister and his odions plans altogether.---Pilot. Tin COURT.—Her Majesty and Prince Albert (with the usual Royal suite) will leave Buckingham Palace to morrow morning for Claremont House, Esher, where the Court will remain until Monday, and then return to town. A Cap tain's guard of Lord Charles Wellesley's regiment, the 15th Light Infantry, will proceed by railway from Windsor barracks to-morrow, to do duty at Claremont during the stay of the Court. The Toulonnais says—" Orders have arrived to haston as much as rossible the completion of the two great trans atlantic steamers, the Orenoque and Labrador, now building in the yards of the ➢lourillon ; and we learn that the Orenoque will be ready for launching before the end of July next, and the Labrador at the beginning of the next year." A RUNAWAY ENGINE.—A circumstance occurred at the Yatton station on the Bristol and Exeter Railway, on Saturday last, which fortunately ended without any serious consequences. The first morning down-train, which is both a passengers' and goods' train, having stopped at the above sta tion, was detached from the engine for the purpose of placing on another luggage waggon, when, no doubt very imprudently, the engineers left their situations, and by some unforeseen cause the steam got up, and off the engine started without control. As may be imagined, the greatest consternation pre vailed down the line at seeing the engine passing at a most furious rate, without ary one on it ; but fortunately, about a mile before it reached Bridgewater, the steam was exhausted, and there it stopped. Immediately on its being known at the Bristol station, an express engine, with a number of hands, was sent off, but happily their services were not required. —Keene's Bath Journal. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 21, 1842. NEW AND CHEAPER EDITION. Now ready, in 3 vols. post Bvo., 21e., C APTAIN MARRYAT'S NEWT NOVEL, " JOSEPH RUSHBROOK." Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough- street. NEW NOVEL BY L. E. L. New ready at all the Libraries, in 3 .vole., with Portrait of the _Authoress, by Finden. LADY ANNE GRANARD; OR, KEEPING UP APPEAR ANUS. By L. E. L., Authoress of " Ethel Churchill," " The Improvisatrice," &c. " This legacy left to us by one of the most brilliant and gifted female writers ( , f our own , or any other time, will not merely maintain, it will enlarge an d s t reng th en , th e hi g h re putation of its lamented Author. It is a most amusing and attractive novel."—Naval and Military Gazette Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. TO THE PUBLIC, ON DEATH, AND ITS CURE. " I'm of a scoffing spleen, I love to flout, At hypocrites; therefore it row must out." First Satyrs of Flaccus. THE state (ever since the accidental upset)--. of insensibility and parallysat ion—arising from " stag-' nated blood" thwarting the air-tubes of the body structure—i has at length caused the death of Mr. Sams, the bookseller. This sad incident is important, to the Public, in connexion with the present absurd treatment of like cases—in practice diametrically opposed to Nature's laws. Hence ! in the event of a like catastrophe--from sudden moot to the nervous system or to the bony fabric of man Notice-o' . This. gentleman's " life" in question might have been saved, bad his miscalled " medical attendants," Gunittlx, KEATE, &c., have given him that AID which an All-wise Providence points out for an immediate rectification, of any wrong to our fibrous construction. Aye 1 e'en to the liquify-equation of any co agulated mass of clotted blood, &c., attendant on violent concussions, and tending at all times to disorder the cellular net-work within the bones. Mr. Sams's breathing pulse action in the upper stomach was, and has been per ceptable up to the last moment—the natural inflation of the nostril-passages to the brain by a dry hot air-flame action alone was wanting (27 Job. v. 3) to have continued his life. Why should the agented mountebank-charlatans have refused a vital remedy for accelerating the circulation of a new prial blood—a remedy for refining the blood, by change of breath, and thereby causing by INFLATION within, a general evaporation "fume-osity" of any morbid vinous matter from the outlet pores of the skin? C. ACK ERLEY, Author of the Asthma-cough LAMP, or Air-flame Magnet to Breath—in application, as touching the Brain, Marrow, and Bones. 20th April, No. 5, Swallow -street, Qaadrant. Cr In cases of " FALL," or violent concussion, " or suspended animation (if the Lame relief is not within reach), instantly place a small table over the afflicted person's head— Cover the table with a large blanket, placing underneath its frame-work and blanket two or three lighted candles,—watch them. The warm dry atmosphere within this covering will soon become " hotter" than the fluids within the " per son's" body—a river—flow of new virgin -blood, as " Generic acid" will liquify any morbific obstruction • within. Children with the Measels, Hooping Cough, and Ladies with Erysipilis, " spots" on the skin, &c., will receive gratifying relief, from this easy " warm-bath" effect. "'EINE, BROTHERS, having remitted during a short time 23,000/., 18,000/., 9,0004 5,0001., 3,6001., &c. &c. &c., TO LONDON; 3,600/., 8001., and 7001., to EDINBURGH ; 3,6001. to DUBLIN ; 3,600/. to BEVERLEY; 3,6001. to HALIFAX (Yorkshire ►; 1,2001. to PORTLEAVEN HARBOUR ; 900/., 700/., 7001. and 6001. to LIVERPOOL ; 900/. to LEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE; 900/. to 1-14 LL ; 9001. and 600/. to MANCHESTErt ; 70U/. to EAST RETFORD (Nottinghamshire); 600/. to BIDEFORD; 6001. to CORK ; and 6001. to BRADFORD; They shall be glad to remit many Dividends of the next Money Distribution to England, Ireland, and Scotland. Direct for Prospectus and Particulars, without delay, either to HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH, or to HEINE BROTHERS, at LUBECK. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. UNDER the AIANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS, THIS EVENING, APRIL 21, FOR THE BENEFIT OF MR. HARLEY, Will be rerforme i the Comedy r f COURT AND CITY.—Sir Pa lzdir, Scruple, Mr W. Farren ; Sir Harry Whiffle, Mr. C. Mathews; Sir Hector Rumbush, Mr Partley; Humphrey Rumbush, Mr. Har. ley; Mr. Winnington, nor. Cooper; La,iy WhiQe, Ma,,ame Ves. tris ; Mrs. Charmington, Mrs. Nisuett. After which will be repeated the Grand Romantic Fairy Extrava ganza, entitled THE WHITE CAT —Wunsuponatyme (king of Neverminditrnamia), Mr. J. Bland ; Princes Paragon, Pr, cious, and Placid (his three Sons , by Madame Vtstris. Miss Murray and Miss Lee; Jingo, Mr. Harley; t e White Cat, Miss Marshall. Doers open at half-past Six, ano the Performances begin at Seven. Dress Boxes 75.. Second Price 3s. 6d ; First and Second Circles Second Price as. 6d.; Pit 35., Second Price 2s. ; Gallery Is. Tickets and Places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan, at the Box-of lice, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may be had upon ap. pileation. Private Boxes to be had stalely of Mr. Andrews, Book seller, 167, New Bond-street. ' ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Wonderful attraction, and matchless Stud of Horses. THIS EVENING, APRIL 21, Will be perfotmed the Grand New Equestrian Spectacle, entitled THE PEARL OF THE HAREM, HER KOOROISEI LOVER, AND HIS WAR STEED, BEDA.—With magnificent Scenery, Costume, and Appointments; a Double Company, Equestrian and Dramatic, and the finest Stud of Horses in the World. After which, in a more extensive and splendid Arena than ever before witnessed. THE SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, introduc.ng Mr. B ArrY'S unrivalled Collection of Animals, consisting of nu merous and matchless Cream.coloured Horses, An.talusian Chargers, Spotted Cour.ers, Fairy Palfreys, and Pigmy Poneys, and the most talented Vaulters, Riders, Gymnastics, and Contortionists in the kipgdom. To conclude with the Historical Pantomime (with New Scenery) of PEROUSE ,• or, the MONKEY of the DESOLATE ISLAND.— Chi panzee, the Monkey, by Mons. Gouffb. THE WEATHER.—NooN, APRIL 20. ROY AL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, A DELAIDE-STREET. Thermometer... 57 j Highest 5B I Lowest 33 Barometer 30.19.—Wind N.E.—Freezing Point !:2 Deg. MOH W ATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Hailing. 39 minutes after 10 1 Evening l5 minutes after 11. 4.e v . , 4 u * • :4 ' '' /P411. 104 0 ' • 5,0 foi 1,/...1,0 1 • 4 _ t o t,. 4 .• 0 1 2 ' " 7. s S Y ''•••• - k Ott _Atit. LONDON? THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 21, 1842. THE INCOME TAX. The Income-tax Bill, ordered by the House of Com mons on Monday to be printed, has just bee►► published, and is entitled "A Bill for granting to her Majesty duties on profits arising from property, professions, trades, and offices." It has been prepared and brought in• by Sir ROBERT PEEL, the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, and Sir GEORGE CLERK, contains 189 clauses, and ex tends to 130 folio pages. A brief outline of the contents will be found interesting to all those concerned. The tax is to be charged and levied from and after the sth day of April, 1842, and is to continue in force till the sth of April, 1545, and no longer. There are five schedules, A, B, C, D, E, which describe the different rates of taxes to be levied, and the various kinds of pro perty liable to the assessment. Schedule A enacts—That for all lands, tenements, and hereditaments or heritages in Great Britain, there shall be charged sevenpence for every twenty shillings. Schedule B.—For all lands, &c., in respect of the occu pation thereof in England, the sum of threepence-ha ff psnny shall be paid for every twenty shillings of the annual value thereof, and in Scotland the sum of two pence-halfpenny. Schedule C.— Upon all profits from annuities, divi dends, and shares of annuities, payable to any person, body politic or corporate, company or society, out of any public revenue, there shall be charged sevenpence for every twenty shillings, without deduction. Schedule D.—Upon the annual profits or gains accru ing to any person residing in Great Britain from any kind of property whatever, whether in Great Britain or elsewhere, there shall be charged sevenpence for every twenty shillings, and the same sum for every twenty shillings upon the annual profits accruing to any person whatever, whether a subject of her MAJESTY or not, re siding in Great Britain, or any profession, trade, em ployment, or vocation exercised within Great Britain. gchedule E.—Upon every public office or employ ment of profit, and upon every annuity, pension, or stipend payable by her MAJESTY, or out of the public revenue (except annuities included in Schedult C), there shall be charged for every twenty shillings yearly the sum of sevenpence. It is enacted that upon every fractional part of twenty shillings a similar rate of duty shall be charged, but not of a lower denomination than one-half penny. Clause 3, enacts that the duties granted by this Act shall be under the ma nagement of. the Commissioners of Stamps and Taxes ; and the remaining clauses, to clause 24 inclusive, provides for the appointment of Commissioners and Assistant -Commissioners, for the purposes of the Act. The Governor and Directors of the Bank of England are appointed Commissioners for assessing duties on annuities, dividends, and sala ries payable by the Bank. A similar enactment is made respecting the South Sea Company, the East India Company, and the Commissioners for the reduc tion of the national debt. The Commissioners for the duties on offices in the public departments are to be ap pointed by the principal officers belonging thereto ; for instance, the LORD CHANCELLOR and Judges, and the principal officers of each Court, whether civil, judicial, criminal, ecclesiastical, military, or naval, shall respec tively have the power to appoint Commissioners from and amolig the officers of each Court. For cities and boroughs the Chief Magistrate and the Aldermen, Baillies, or principal officers, by whatever name they are called, shall be Commissioners for exe cuting the Act. Alll these Commissioners are to be exempted from parish and ward offices and serving on Juries. Temporary absentees are to be charged as residents, and temporary residents to be charged after six months' residence. Persons departing after claim ing exemption, and returning within the year, to be charged. Corporations and societies to be charged with duties. Non-residents are to be charged in the name of their factors or agents. The receivers of trust pro perty appointed by the Courts of Law chargeable, but may retain the duties out of the trust-monies. Clause 45 enacts, that the profits of any married woman, living with her husband, shall be deemed the profits of the hus band, and a woman living apart from her husband shall be charged as a femme sole. Assessors are to fix general notices on church-doors, &c., requiring persons to de liver lists, these lists to be delivered to the assessor of the same parish or place. Householders are to deliver lists of the names of lodgers, inmates, and others, ( who are liable to the provisions of the Act, but not otherwise, and every person chargeable shall give a title and cor rect statement in writing, containing the annual value of all lands and tenements in his possession, and the amount of his profits or gains from all and every the sources chargeable under the Act. The penalties for neglecting to deliver lists are extremely stringent, as it is enacted that every such person shall forfeit any sum not exceeding 20/., and treble the duty at which he ought to be charged. Houses under 101. are to be charged on landlords, as well as the houses of Foreign Ministers, exemptions are made in favour of Colleges and Halls in Universities, hospitals, public schools, and almshouses. / A great number of clauses follow, laying down rules' for the assessment of various kinds of property. Te nants in Scotland are to produce their leases, or leave them with a Justice of the Peace, or the clergyman. The assessments on houses are to be discharged for the period they are unoccupied. Commissioners arc to allow and sign assessments not objected to, but when objection is made, they are to rectify assessments. Exemptions are made in favour of Friendly Societies, charitable institu tions, the stock or dividend belonging to her MAJESTY, or to any accredited Minister from a foreign State. Clause 97 provides that persons carrying on two trades or profes sions may set the losses of the one against the profits of the other. Inspectors and Surveyors may examine assess ments, and amend them, if erroneous ; and persons ' aggrieved may appeal to the Commissioners for General Purposes in the district. Commissioners may put questions in writing respecting any assess ment, and receive answers, on oath, if required. In certain cases the Commissioners for General Purposes may make ant. assessment according to their judgment, which shall be final ; and where an assessment shall be increased, owing to incorrect returns, the party may be charged with a penalty not exceeding treble the amount of duty. Duties may be paid in advance subject to discount, and after assessment made parties may compound for three years. The assessments to be for one year, payable by four instalments: in England—viz., on or before the 20th day of June, for the first instalment, and so on, to the 20th of March for the fourth quarterly instalment. In Scotland the payments are to be made half-yearly—namely, on the first, on the 20th of September ; and the last, on the 20th of March.. Persons giving false evidence or swear ing falsely, to be liable to the penalties of perjury, and may be tried where the affidavit was exhibited. The Commissioners, inspectors, surveyors, and all other officers employed in carrying the Act into effect, are to make oath that they will act according to the best of their information and knowledge, without favour, affection, or malice, and that they will not disclose any particular contained in any statement or schedule, except to such persons as shall be sworn to receive their statements. The Act is to apply only to persons possessed of an in come of 1501 a year and upwards. It would not be worth while noticing the Earl of litrox's self-contradictions, were knot that we trace with more certainty the principles of a system, when their consequences are blunted out by a weak, than when they are carefully elaborated, guarded, and Mystified by a cunning man. The Cabinet are about to perpetrate a series of new and mischievous enact ments, and they have assigned, to justify these enactments, a great variety of contradictory reasons. Neither in Parliament, nor in the press, is there that homogenity of argument which, dis tinguishes a sincere conviction, and even their own supporters acknowledge themselves, by the variety of contradictory reasons, to be stunned and be wildered. Of the general contradictions which pervade the Tory arguments, we shall quote the Earl of Ripores observations, which would otherwise be wholly un worthy of notice, as a specimen. He began his speech on Monday evening by admitting that the system of free trade was " kind, considerate, and charitable ;" but he objected to this system that it would make England dependent for corn on foreign countries. He then went on to show at considerable length, and with much statistical information, that there were no foreign countries from which we could get any great supply of corn. He would not have a free trade in corn, therefore, because that would reduce us to a state of dependence on foreign nations for corn, and next, because we could not get any great quantity from them. If we could get no great quantity of corn from them we could not possibly become dependent on them for a large quantity, and the Noble Earl, therefore, com pletely answered the only objection he made to adopt ing a system which he called " kind, considerate, and charitable," and which has the higher recommenda tion of being just. If any man in common life had, with this sort of Irish dexterity, sawed off the head of his own argument, and let himself flop chiwn in the mire, he would have been laughed at as an egregious ass ; but Lord RIPON'S contradictions passed in the House of Peers for wisdom. The Duke of WELLINGTON, to take 'a far higher example, began his speech on Tuesday evening by declaring that " there could be no doubt, as an abstract proposition, that no duty ought to be laid on the food of the people." Now an abstract proposition means a proposition divested of all party and factious colouring of either time or place. It is the essence of truth, deduced from all experience and purified from all passion ; yet the Duke of WELLINGTON cannot act on such a solemn principle, because Viscount MEL BOURNE thought that there should be some protec tion to agriculture. He avowedly prefers his own imaginings to deductions of long experience as the basis of law. For him this proposition is true, and it is not true. He says it is undoubtedly true, but at the same time he shows, from a variety of supposi tions, that it cannot be true, and he concludes that by his law the truth must be overruled. Turning from the Lords to the Commons, we find Lord STANLEY, in the early part of Tuesday even ing, recommending all " emigrants to place them selves under the Government agents," and be guided by them ; and we find Sir ROBERT PEEL, in the lat ter part of the evening, recommending all people to rely on their better discretion. He delivered this very important, but, to the whole Tory scheme, most con tradictory truth : I have not the slightest doubt that there are frauds committed in manufactures—l have not the least doubt of it ; and so long as the world exists, there will b e fraud, there will be disho nes ty, an d no laws which you can pass will be sufficient to prevent it.—(Hear, hear.) The security you have against fraud is in free compe tition, and in the preference which, in the long run, the honest dealer will have over the fraudulent. Precautions of this kind, when taken against fraud, very often defeat themselves. The party who buys the article relaxes in that natural vigilance and circumspection which he ought always to exercise. —(Hear, hear.) When I first went to Ireland I found that there had been frauds in the butter trade. A butter-taster was then appointed ; not a firkin was allowed to go out until it had first been tasted, and there was then a stamp placed upon it to show that it was genuine. —(Laughter.) People then bought the butter, taking its quality for granted, because it had been submitted to the butter-taster. The consequence was, that frauds were practised to a greater extent than they had ever been practised before. because there was a general absence of that caution and vigilance which had been previously exercised.—(Hear, hear.) Depend upon it the natural interest of the purchaser is the great secu rity against fraud, and another security is that integrity and honesty all in the long run, both with respect to the home consumer and the foreign consumer, ultimately sell th cheapest article, and secure the greatest profit. There is enough in that paragraph to upset not only Tory policy, but all Government. If the laws of the most skilful legislator can prevent fraud, why make laws at all, seeing that they are not good, but evil per se, and only defensible because they do pre vent frauds. It is no benefit to society to hang or imprison a man if it do not prevent crimes. Sir ROBERT PEEL'S was a better mode of preventing fraud than laws " free competition," but at this time he is framing and forcing through Parlia ment laws to prevent free competition in grain, and, therefore, to encourage fraud. Then he gives an admirable example, and illustrates it very happily by his own knowledge—not by a theory—of the vast in jury which is done to the people by instituting pro tecting laws for their own discretion and for general competition, yet, he acts in the teeth of his own prin ciple. Lord STANLEY would have the people rely on the Government. Sir R. PEEL, with a true Radical spirit, tells them to rely on themselves. The man who would not substitute a butter-taster for individual caution, who tells the House of Commons to rely on the " natural interest of the purchaser," is not the man to carry out, with sincerity and consistency, the protecting and restrictive system he has taken in hand. After Sir R.. PEEL had delivered this true and im portant sentence he said : - Now I cannot conceive anything so bad as the conduct of the master, who, in violation of the law, abuses the power which h e h as over hi s workmen, by compelling ihose workmen to buy of hint inferilier articles at the ful. price. I believe you will find that that practice exists ; and I must say that I cannot conceive a more unwar rantable abuse of power. We differ from Sir B. PEEL, in being able to con ceive something worse than this conduct. The truck master only commits a petty, however detestable fraud, in common with many thousands ; but the Minister of a great nation, who deceives all classes, who is double-tongued, who cheats the public both by his silence and his words, who sacri fices mankind to his party purposes, who invents fallacies to disguise the oppression of which he is only the instrument, whose acts are con trary to his own convictions, who, in support of the injustice which places him at its head, denies in Par liament the dictates of his head and the feelings of his heart, who, knowing better, consents to be the means, for the poor bribe of office, of inflicting injury and degradation on the people, who while he expatiates on the advantages of competition, makes himself the tool of monopolists, is a far worse man than the truck-master. He seems to us a'perfi dious monster, who should excite the indignation and horror of all honest men. And now let us conclude by a remark on the system which is upheld by such men and such con tradictions. That a great system of delusion should be maintained for years when its foundations are laid in the spiritual hopes and fears of man, when it is shrouded in mystery and carefully guarded from in quiry, when an immense army of men have an in terest in maintaining it, and have vast funds at stake, which they use for the purpose of promoting delusion, and which they will lose when the delusion is at an end, is consonant to expererience in every age of the world. But that a system of delusion should be long maintained, which refers wholly and exclusively to the gross interests of this world, which courts inquiry, and cannot escape investigation, which is surrounded by sharp critics, eager to detect and exaggerate all its vices, which is daily felt in the business and pockets of men, that such a system should be long maintained after its admirers have lifted its foundations, and loosened all its . boldfa,sts. is not consonant to experience, and should it take place will be a new and memorable lesson for man kind. Prophecies of revolution realise themselves. The. conception and the utterance of such a thought, shows that the reverence is at an end, on which alone human institutions repose in safety. When we find such language in common use—when we see that the system, as now carried on, is a great mass of falsehood and delusion, and when we see it daily exposed to a fierce investigation, we join with others in saying that its end cannot be far off. In the midst of life we are in death, and the Tories " will find that in the midst of victory they will, be everlastingly crushed by their own errors and contradictions. It will be seen by our extract from the Manchester Guardian that the increased activity in the Cotton Market of Liverpool, which was obviously mere spe culation, and perhaps diseased speculation, has had no influence on the Manchester Markets. Our advices from that quarter, we regret to say, come more and more gloomy. Trade, far from improving, becomes worse, and less and l6s wages are paid, we are told, from week to week. Sir ROBERT PEEL'S tariff, whatever good it may ultimately do,' and we hope but little from it, has hitherto, by adding uncertainty to stagnation, only in creased distress. It has unsettled those trades which were doing something, and has not put into activity those which were before lying still. The Income-tax, however advantageous or even necessary to the Government, cannot, it is quite clear, relieve the people ; and it may, perhaps, by pressing heavily on the struggling traders, be that straw which breaks the overburdened camel's back. Let them receive relief, therefore, before they have to bear additional pressure. If Sir ROBERT PEEL, and his great majority, have a spark of patriotism left in their whole composition ; if they be not the selfish incarnation of party spirit, they should forego, for the present, their plan of in creasing the revenue of the Government and the bur dens of the people, and bend their exertions to relieve the public distress. lie says, the tariff will have that effect: His Corn-law is nearly through the House of Lords. The Income-tax, though a part of his whole scheme, is not so closely connected with the Corn law as the tariff, and it would seem better for the public, therefore, and more consistent with principle, that he should hasten to pass the tariff, setting at rest commercial inquietude, than that he should hasten to hurry on the Income-tax. His majority is commanding, and he can have no fear that his Income-tax Bill shquld fail. In fact, to pass the tariff would soften the opposition to the In come-tax, and ultimately hasten its success. More over, as the tax is to be levied from April, it will be of no consequence now that the public is adver tised of the fact, whether the Bill receive th e Royal Assent on the 20th of June or the 20th of May, while it is, on Sir ROBERT PEEL'S showing, and the showing of his friends, the city merchants, of much consequence, that the tariff should he, as soon as possible, carried through Parliament. For these reasons, we trust that the Members of the House of Commons will press on Sir R. PEEL the propriety of proceeding first and immediately with the tariff; and we trust that he—leaving the discus sions on the Income-tax Bill in Committee, till after the tariff has been finally disposed of—will proceed at once to re-fasten the trade he has universally cast adrift. The Hon. and indefatigable Member for Finsbury, Mr. THOMAS DUNCOMDE, gave the House of Commons notice on Tuesday night, that on May . l2 he would pre sent the National Petition in favour of the Charter, signed by more than three millions of the industrious classes, praying to be heard by their counsel, agents, or delegates, at the bar of the House, in support of the prin ciples of the Charter. The Hon. Member likewise gave notice that on the following day he would move the House to take the petition into con sideration, and comply with its prayer. When we see a change in the institutions of the country advocated not by a few hot-headed enthusiasts, but by millions of working people, we owe it to ourselves and to society to expose the danger of allowing such a mass of discontent to go on accumu lating instead of taking timely steps to remove it. 'When millions rise to reseti their wro gs, the speedy redress of their grievances is a measure ol" self-defence on the part of a wise Government. For the deep discontent which prevails among the working classes, the Whigs are equally responsible with the Tories. They refused Household Suffrage—while they taxed the poor to keep up the monopolies of the rich, they spurned their prayers to be allowed a share in the representation of the country—to have an indirect voice in framing the laws by which they were to be taxed and governed. Chartism has sprung from the at tempt to make the Reform Bill a final measure, instead of employing it as a lever for mmoving those abuses which hung like a millstone round the neck of the in dustry and the intelligence of the nation. What Sir ROBERT PEEL will do with the national Petition and the Chartists we do not know, but one of the certain consequences of the Income-tax will be to make converts to Chartism of a large body of small tradesmen, upon whom that inquisitorial impost « ill fall with crush ing effect. The disaffected will join the Chartists, and in proportion to the tyranny of the Government will the Chartists gain strength. To put down Chartism, the first step is to extend the suffrage. The next is to remove all restrictions upun commerce, whether the trade be in cotton or in corn, and leave the working-classes unfettered to enjoy the fruits of their own industry. In the naval and military services, the road to rank,and honours must be left open to the meri torious, without regard to the mere accident of birth. The whole system of colonial patronage must be abolished, and more regard had to the competency, than the rank and Parliamentary connexion, of the men chosen to be Governors. Our whole existing system of Government is radically bad. It is based on the assumption of an indefeasible right of the few to trample upon the many. It recognises a people as objects of taxation, and as supplying the coarse materials for war, but nowhere as a power paramount in the State. This system can be upheld no longer. It is the ' duty of the Legislature to take the initiative in gradually abolishing it, with a view to inflict as little injury upon existing institutions as possible. The Augsburg/I Gazette states, that the following is ,the Archiepiscopal Letter of the Primate of the Church of England to Bishop ALEXANDER, to be by him pre sented, on arriving in Jerusalem, to the Prelates and Clergy of the Maronites and Greek Churches. Con sidering that the Maronite Church is in Aposto lical communion with the See of Rome, it is not to be expected that the very Chistian sentiments which the Archbishop of CANTERBURY'S letter breathes throughout, will escape the animadversion of the Exeter Hall bigots. The letter was written by the Archbishop himself, in the ecclesiastical Greek of the early Greek Church : • ~ " To our venerable and dearly beloved breth-en in Jor Christ, the Bishops of the ancient apostolic districts of and the neighbouring countries, from us, William, by til t grace of God, A rc hbi s h op o f Canterbtor and Primate of England, joy in the Lord ; We reMmmend with all the zeal in our power to your benevolence, venerable and dea r brethren, Michael Solomon Alexander, erictor in theologSl whom we have appointed Bishop of the Church of Englo' and Ireland, having appreciated his piety an d a bility, and thi s in conformity with the canons of our holy' and apoti° lie Church; we have sent him under the authority of our (20' to Jerusalem, and have confided to him the spiritual super; intentlence of all the laics and clergy o f our Ch urc h in tha t country and its neighbourhood. But, in order that no rt . sun may be ignorant of our motives in sending Michael*". lomon as Bishop, we have ordered him not to impair ;n anY way the power which belongs to you and the other heads o f the districts of the East, but to testify to you the esteem Y° 4 -:t merit, and to show himself always ready and sealous for evci e thing, that may advance charity and brotherly h armo ny. 1 o feel confident that our brother, the Bishop, w ill obser from his heart and conscience, in all fidelity, all that sce • have ordered him, and we pray you in the name of O f Saviour to welcome him as a brother, and offer him, in seaso: • all that. he may require. We hope that you will receive with benevolence this epistle, which roves in what estinntii ° ! we hold our bond of brotherly fellowship with the ancient? Churches of the East, dissevered for several generation , . , i, these ties should be renewed by th e wi ll an d grac e of Go. we Iv,pe that the divisions which have sprung up in the Church of Jesus Christ, and f or w hi c h s h e has so much r • dured, will disappear. In this hope, we have affixed to t his epistle, written .bt our own hand, our archiepiscopal seal. Given at Lambeth, on the 3d of November, 1841. The Courrier Francais of Monday has a rather angli article upon one quoted in this Journal from the Medi c. nits' Magazine, relative to the facility with which steno' ships are constructed in England as compared Wi th France. Nothing, indeed, can exceed the sensitivene ss of the French Press upon every subject. The writer ill the Mechanics' Magazine—(a periodical, by the Of' which takes no part in politics, and, therefore, repr o. sents the opinion of no party in England—had inn , ,•°' eently asked where are the ste am - vesse l s o f svil°' France annually orders the construction ?" to wl'i ch the Courrier Francais wrathfully replies : These shouts of triumph ate uttered with reference to I 650-horse steam-frigate, which the English Government )43 just put on the stocks, and which it hopes to finish in months. Certainly, when a nation, has such arsenals as Chat* ham and Portsmouth, when it possesses the most expert engin e ; makers in the world, there is no great merit in prodnel 6 e j single steam-frigate in nine months, and th e e pi c trum pets r.ot be sounded as if the creation of the universe had Pl' been completed. We freely acknoriedge the inferieritit of our resources on this point, although England does ?h Mechanics' make the marvellous use of he rs th a t i s asserte d. ' l , t Mechanics' Magazine is wrong, h owever , in supposing t . ' 4 l , our steam-vessels exist only on paper. Th e fourteen tram' lantic steamers after which it inquires are on the stocks, a ',l will be far enough advanced to be launched towards the e ,' l ; e of 1842. The construction of the eng i nes procee d s al same time, and although they come from manufactooe, under the direction of F r en c h eng i neers , t h e y ' l O ll O stand a comparison with the most perfect things of the sa kind that England has produced. 1 hese transatlantic s teatn.e ch , will be real frigates, carrying cannons, if requ i re d, an d wh't. _ ; i , a tempest will not cut in two, as oc c u rre d t o th e f ra gile case of the President. The creation of this steam go t o r perhaps the act which does most ho n o ur t o th e MinistrY to March 1. The present Government ha s no t p ersever ed in o f same course. This may be judged of by the last ordonnanr e v . , Admiral Duperre, fixing the amount of our steam n 3 ; ts ".-, This ordonnance undoubtedly raises our nava l f orce t o a ssi , factory proportion, but ten mortal y ears are require,' ; 0 1, the execution of it. The bill which ordered th e con stroti of the transatlantic steamers stipul a t e d f or a delay oftbtb years. The difference of the two measures lies altogether in one circumstance. If the Chambers, however, with have an courage to order it, our steam navy will in a few yearsb e t be a respectable footing. We wish we could say the same o f ti re arming of our ships of war and our coasts; but the retio, of the several administrations puts an obstacle to everY hic h provement on this side. Notwithstanding th e p roo fs 0 ;e have been exhibited at St. Jean d'Acre of the tremendous e',„ i tt of cannons for throw ng hollow shot, th e F renc h Goverr „ itte hesitates to provide a quantity of this formidable artillery' to ed Paixhans guns, though invented in France, are nowhere der; , with greater parsimony. We have only a f ew e i g h ty -posit whereas the English have a number o f one h un d re d-andbe pounders on their coasts and their men-of-war. Wmp"ais believed that the batteries at Algiers ha ve no t a single rtbout w bans cannon, and that our dockyard s a re alt oge ther ." t t,e them ? We mention these facts unwillingly, but we deer ore Chambers to be fay informed on the subject, and We, a ce they will make the Government f e el the recess ity of n" strengthening those weak points of our position. Delicacy of feeling does not superabo un d in the b retl , s : of a writer, who could thus allude to the sad fate Of I'resident. Notoriously ignorant, moreover, o f the '`; (1, in which the destruction of the ill-f a t e d ve ssel (War r there is something as shameless, a s w a nting in g ° cw r feeling, in the assumption of su c h k n owledge by on Faris Contemporary. The same Journal, after sta'ing that it has lea from an authentic source, that th e R u ssian Cabinet b 13 . t j confidentially informed the Government o f the U )i States that it had exerted all its influence , to preve(tf caul , delay required by France, for the ratificatio n the treaty for extending the right of search, from ali , any change in the political relation of the Five P elve and that the EMPEROR has advised the United Stur m i 7. • whatever line of conduct they might think fit the adopt towards England, not to count too much oft delay, says :-- This communication is not exceedingly signifi ca tive. ~ea r ' vesting it of its diplomatic form, it means that the Fi r ee reckon on the pure and simple ratification o f th e trea ty' f to on Dec. 12, 1841, and that Ai. Guizot has pledged bit sot give it. The Emperor warns the American Governmelo ll ; to advance too far in its resistance to the right of -1 1 10 which England assumes the privilege of exercising, 8 no t : 0 the United States know that, in this case, they 11 piffr" expect any assistance from Europe, France having Zc o ' p el to join the parties who have signed the treaty. The P a reasons as it the French Government was France, a r ' tre at; France would ever permit her Government to refill, 5 . . bsc e , against which the two Chambers and public opiptoevottfe just declared themselves so energetically. We tell the, t he c that States, who, however, have undoubt e dly to con sult o, "Yf r enc selves on subjects which affe c t th e i r honour,t or they ., Ministry which should assist England and the ',oil,' Courts against the United States, could n ot hold 10 0 5 OP; public opinion. The remembrance of Laf a yette nn those of ington is no more extinguished in our hearts than in the Americans. We are inclined to place very little reliance U • ri (f Co • plomatic secrets revealed to the world by the iP Francais. We have no means of ascertairl ill c l i ur aaa authentic sources of information in St. Petersbu rg , at Washington, but we have an impres s ion tbut th) ot" elude neither the correspondence of Count ~ RODE nor DANIEL WEBSTER. With the e•-5 e for 90 article in the Courrier Francais it is impossible ; e el' English journal to deal without wounding the 5115 s tis nn bilities of the French Press. France, it seere%.,,relg Government with which it is safe for any Power to contract treaties. h t 113 ,ra , The official part of the Moniteur announces t-asti—t„a Schack, tl.e Envoy Extraordinary of Mecklenbulie Gran presented to the King and Queen the letters Of t w o sc c ie . o 't, Duke, announcing the death of his father, and his t. ° . sion, and immediately after wards M. Oesthling, t g lte bi r s 51°.e Minister, presented to the King the credentials et • f t reign, confirming him as Minister resident at Paris . dit if' The Committee on the supplementary votes of e re ,rat , 1.. 1 1; 4 completed its labours. The second report of 11. 1 31j b lii c f tire To the credit required by the Ministers of re l f e rehe r ' ' for extraordinary work, was distributed among the ree ,0 § the Chamber yesterday. u n ip The sum total is above four millions of france, l ,: t ddine jt o are asked to complete five royal roads in Corsietr "eon°, „" o e, the 3,400,000 already voted by the Chamber. p 4 or u t e e d i g i le ro l ;,e adopted the credit of 450,000 francs for the This sum is to be added to the 1,800,000 f. which th re ment of the ports aldyrea cost. nk is The completion of the works of the Port 4,11,it. quire a en dit of 300,000 f. in addition to 1,800P"' /khe le also adopted. the he{ere Besides these sums, 14,000,000 f. are anteu l io sed ter, of which 6,000,000 f. are for the Ro gr yal roe& fr . 1 , 39, and 8,000,000 f. f o r th e c onstruction - 4 o ne esP e 7, e i t These 14,000,000 francs do n o t constitute a .'O l l g r but are only an anticipation of credit on $ Fr ° au(' tF° already voted by the Chamber. • The law suit between the Gazette de Fr ( m o ce it.,' 4 p, a ted ~„: i honourable banking houses of Paris, has been te n r ased to r de , (Ably by a compromise. M. of tliat city , and Gerionde has, fsafito signed 10,000 francs to the hospitals__" ultio claration expressing his great regret, at ha v Ti g io eses• done anything which might prejudice these two stitutionnel. Ar OI L I'. AO BOURSE— PARIS, MONDAY, .--- ' r. Lorre.' Ps c 7 Vast Highest er , c ., , , . Price ?rice. 1 0 !.1 "' r 7 .. 5 1 -2 . trench 5 per Cent , llB €35 ... 113 8 ..• 10 1 rk ... I ° l '.1 4 I V2 per Cents lO7 SC ... 1 750 ''' 101 ..; ... SI . 4 per Cents. ...... ~ 101 i 5... joi 75 ..." el , :ton :. i per ...pa' . 4.91. or Prance . .....irr , b o :042 041 Latlitte flank I,ooof. St eras 1020 ••• 111 ,, 5 0 s°42 ostai . 11 1 s,olltif Shares 5042 50 susr. ' - ... Iv. - .: 10- - Belgian 5 per Cents'. 10344 ... 1 1 r• 141 " 101/6 ". 04i 5 i-er Cenr,., 1840 lOl% ... 10. 1 % ." 2.54 ''' 5 ' ipanish Active 1 :5% ~, 2ni " 5 3l Passive 5 .. 5 *" 3 , q4„ ... 0 7 • Portuguese 5 per Cent s . eau ... 31 itl7 av 100 .etpol.tan - • , ... I . . , R , va lii... RAILWAY - Erti ~., •"3 n St. Germain ... . 803 25 ... „E lef ., Z 3 •••,, 935 ••• 2 07 5 " Versaslles, IL b ..... ........".. 337 50 ... ~,•,- I ) ) '.. 207 50 .: 5 0 75 L.B 207 50 -- '''s •50 5 " 53. 1 , Viten .s' .. 75 ••• 525 " ~ou • .. 0 V. 17 ''' irk nas 296 z'' S raburg toilets .236 ' , „ is. R DAs', ir•PR..' tails. DUTCH FUND .__Apnrrs money . 054, Actual D.bt, `2% per Cent ...................... 101 gb i.: Jitto, ditto 5 per cent. ....................... ... ij s „„f._ A HMI t Syndic, 4 W, per cent ...... ••• .......... 77 ~7 , 7 •,._, Ditto, ditto, , 3N, per cent .......... .• ...... iy; if , , 1 7 ., :i Commercial Company, 4 1 ,, per cent ....... 1 0 ,34 c 4 , 1, , Ditto (1135 and 1837) 5 per cent. ............ y 9 ~v ,„ Loan 1657, 5 per cent. ............. . ... . ..... 1 . 2 1,.. , ~ 5 Exchange on Londe"), One month ...... ~, ( . 0 4 : Two months ....... • ,', s i I, ... , tt Hamburgh, One month ............ ;I,' 1.234 ~:,,Ifi, Two months ......... :5.) Dutch Papers, April 19. CLERICAL C ON SISTENCY.- - W hCll fer th e abolition of the Corn-laws were signed by grea t ', v 0 hers of all classes at Manchester, the clergy of t" . te, iablished Church in that place declined t 0 siths ci l. re alleging as a reason, that the Church should not inter e , in such ma tters ; vet, when a petition was got up . ay il petitions 00, proving of Sir Robert Peel's income tax, no fewer ti.ii. twenty-four Reverend Gentlemen put their names to et , REVIEW AT WIMBLEDON.—Her Majesty and F rin st Albert, with a brilliant Staff, were present yesterdto, the Cavalry Review on Wrimbledon•commOn. bier ~,,, jesty and the Prince arrived on the ground from tr. metropolis soon after twelve o'clock. Fissures more than thirty feet deep, and Vau of the earth, have tak en p lace on the p lain above a irg l i r o some ern divid.ng the b y -roads and paths, so a ccid sto rg _ ce being filled up or g uarded b y railing. Pa hese ae nts 01 . been oceasioned by some of the numerous old stone-V.3; 1e with which this part of the country abounds having given 'l*. B il@ I,French r i at . 4 , to in Att. from tee In at ri nd the on sties : 'e l :ardy. o i,ne the ()the ny th 1, 4 omr e of Vi th 4t grand Was illu I:( 64l lfland telegrai f, Some di ess of 1 the lath ....... ~'