The Sun. — London, England, 1842-12-09 00:00:00

tel icies Would e ve r ad o pt, so bad that to retain, where t „ had be.n in operation for even centuries, were t i i n l as an equ ip o i se to other parts of an order of t ugs of which evil were the predominant character. 4 ,2 1-44 country, for instance we may endure a 1) r-l aw as a b alance to t h e d eso l a ti ng ravages of a ,C orn-law t ; a double evil, it may be urged, but of which half is not to be got rid, without the whole. But in e Ireland-the imposition of a poor-law was unquali eT,lll, not only radically abominable, but inappli cable And injurious in all its • ramifications of conse- C e _,Ree• The swarming population of poor in Ire -1,11r" could not he thrown upon the next class for (1 % 0 ; without bringing down that class to irreme diable pauperism. The sign, it was also the cause 0 national distress ; and, instead of suffering from 1 4 grand fundamental cause—an over-competition f ar land where there is not so much land as demand nu it-_n , t so 'much soil as there are thousands of ti " n lan fllation pressing upon it for more than it to , Yield.-of subsistence—a poor-law must be added ,tric miseries of the country, which, incapable of "eviatin g 'earlier oppressions, necessarily becomes an : )I Vression itself, the most wantonly cruel and the t:_ ) st direfully calamitous. The Whigs take credit to, „ "Ilselves f or a pp eas i ng the a nguish oflrish grievan -78 through- a system less coercive; and the Tories v a▪ unt thems e l ves u p on th e me rits of their strong o yernment ' in suppressing the clamour of com plaint ; b u t if either had applied themselves to correct he is .' radical evils of her condition, would such facts t l L s ' in judgment against them both, as those to which i "e whol e sout h o f I re l an d i s a t thi s momen t furnish- :4 testimony? If i n a n y part of the British domi iz°4B, it is an d ,übtedly in Ireland, where the opera en, of enlight e ned principles of Government is wanted. 1 8 there where statesmanship should go abroad. It not so much education of' the individuals of her sys tern that is required, as justice; and where not justice, wh is domin the political contingencies which affect the tl ,'°le masses. There must be something wrong at tl 'e central base of her system, when such scenes are act ed upon her stage' as these dreadful Tipperary rcurders." MONEY—TRADE—COMMERCE. F rom the report of the City of London Association, het , on Wednesday at the London Coffee-house, it Dec ember th a t t h e Committee had distributed from to March amongst the poor inhabitants of the city 27,508 bushels of coals at a charge of 6d. t er 8 41b5., a n d 385,1121b5. of potatoes, at a charge 3 1. per 141bs. The balance in hand was 307/.155. 6d. y The Bank, it appears, is re-issuing at their full vi a lne, many of the old sovereigns. A private indi rti ual was paid wholly in old gold coin last week, aoy of the sovereigns being of George 111. ; upon hog this sum into the saving's-bank of St. Cle wellt-s, a deduction of 2s. Bd., or lid. on each coin, as taken for twenty out of the number. LThe Committee of the Polish Ball dined together o Saturday, at the London Tavern, in celebration the succe ss of their benevolent endeavours. The he ',Proceeds exceed 5001. he half-yearly meeting of the proprietors of the t4ent' s C ana l C om p an y t oo k pl ace a t the Dock th on Wednesday. It appeared from the report that , balance of prost for the last half-year was stated 67,be L 10,204/., and the amount of the reserve fund, rioo NAVAL, AND MILITARY. The breakwater was towed on Tuesday to Dover, lafterwards secured to its station by four anchors. it e conduct of the crews of British ships at foreign t i .'ds frequently brings down summary vengeance oi n . t h i the natives. The captain of the Wiley whale l) entertains no doubt that the fifteen men missing t o l L e been murdered in revenge for an insult offered hi t heir chief. The fate of the missionary Williams we be also traced to the condct of a ship's crew 'eh had previousl visited the i u sland. y AND SCIENTIFIC. 4 any Calcott, whose death took place at Kensing h krrarel-pits,had spent much of her life in travel. , t4. , e was born in the same year as Lord Byron, 1788, vei l? before she was twenty-one years of age, was tra viaiLrtg in India, the wife of Captain Graham. She t i eri 7d all the remarkable spots of the three Presi 181e,,zes in 1809, and published an account of them in 4 41 4 . Some years afterwards she sailed for South k d er iea, having in the mean time resided in Italy, Published two works on that country in 1820. c OURT-7.II.SIIXONABLE. The Marquis of Lansdowne returns to Bowood to Til ati c -day. e Earl of Radnor has left Grosvenor-street for COleshill-house, leis seat in Berkshire. j 44 4 lie Lady Matilda Wvnyard (for many years a 11 0 ,Y of Queen Charlottes Court) has arrived at her t kv 7e in Upper Brook-street, from a visit to Earl De- T rr, at Buckhurst. f L ady Rodd and family have left Wimpole-street (It Paris. t - 4 . ir David Davies, physician to her Majesty the Veen Dowager, has arrived in town from Canford. 117 ) ,ir Bethel Codrington returned to Park-lane on eu 'aesday, from Doddington Castle. At 111ISCELLANEOUS. i t t li ta _tbe usual Repeal meeting, held at Dublin on ' l 'pr Q 7l , Mr. John O'Connell made a long speech, of6 e ,,i - Ling any vote of thanks being given to the S serving in India and China. stz, d e Countess of Howth, whose death has been tica rd i n The Sun, was sister to the Marquis of Clan tho,,,lier and Marchioness of Sligo, and a Roman Ca- Ladyship was in her thirty-eighth year. LLOYD'S. SHiPPINc • .01,t - box, DEC. B.—Wind this day at noon, N. to If light airs and thick fog. Ar tri t tL, DEC. 7.—Wind W.N.W., moderate.— F. from the River, Woolsington, for Antigua. Ii k h,"TSMOUTH, DEC. 7.—Wind N.N.E. to E.S.E., 1. -- --Sld. John Renwick, Hobart Town. G t .„ I . II .UOUTII, ISLE OF WIGHT, DEC. 7.-Sld. John DE la m, Pearson, Ceylon. AuTuoun t , DEC. s.—Arrd. George 'Sutton, Newfoundland. Sid. Hermosa Habenero, Havannah ; Bernhard Hertog Saxe Van tn'ar, Hazlewinkle, Batavia. A,J V ERPOOL, DEC. 7.—Wind S.W., moderate.— ?• Lord Althorp, Whiteside, Calcutta; Cleufrid, t t Zlton, New Calabar, sld. July 26 ; Thomas BBat- Ol d Lutch, Pernambuco ; Bombay packet, Bird, la nd, sld. Sept. 6; Ruth, Rendal, Honduras; Viand, Barry, S usan Drew, Raulett, and Pharsalia, t oil w Orleans ; Harriet and Jessie, Connor, Charles- NTorth America, Lowber, New York, ski. 19th blj ' Liberty, Norton, ditto ; Pollock, Fraser, r amiehi ; Elephanta, Ross, and Canada, (11, - , 8 ", Quebec. Sid. Ada ; Adra, May, Africa ; 1 1 w,. and Pursuit, New Orleans ; Jane vti t ,7er, and Virginia, Mobile ; Howard, Sa lk " a n i Woodstock, Charleston. The Emerald, 4117: t ins port, was riding off Madras, Oct. 24, with bet masts cut away. lIIIVIISTOL, DEC. 7.—Arrd. Dochfour, Wakeham, ta k i Shy , of Waterford, Quebec ; Aspendus, Grills, Hutchings, Newfoundland. Sld. Jer tri "'ass Dean, Africa ; Maria, Thomas, Demerara ; t Hill, Jamaica; Marys, Smith, Nevis; Tiber, to' v. . . sa. z _ c DEC. I.—Arrd. Sarah Richardson, Quebec. -,.lttowroN —Acrd off. Chusan, Laird, China. lu • s.—Arrd. Tenzer, Bay Clialeur. Id. (-) riat_Rio Janeiro ; St. Aubin, Gibraltar. for DOVER, DEC. 3.—Rapid, Fock, Rio Janeiro Bcr o ttenburg• SWANAGE, DEC. 6.—Neerlands Indie, Batavia. I'l l d e 'rox, DEC. 6.—The Henry, Peek,' bound to tit,: ran ashore near Anderbay, but was expected fe following tide, if the weather continued fine. „ Iti tsTE, Nov. 28.—The X. L., Williamson, from 4 -r i t °o , got ashore near Grado, during a thick fog, ttr ik4. ere being a very high tide at the time, she t'iet ' l ed, is now lying on a soft bottom, only four tai v o. ater, and is expected off after discharging her Iriv„ 11141 3, Nov. 27.—The Paradise, Robinson, was 11/11;" ashore on the shallows opposite the Pignol hart , in a hurricane from the southward, is leaky, siderably damaged, and its is expected will IT .-11klend. llos e 7i IRE. DEC. 3.—A large American vessel, sup -I,lle C,.. ° be the Rappahannock, was seen ashore on a uania Banks by the Russell, Glover, arrived at D or i . Orleahs. Mem.—The Rappahannock left this I\,.for New Orleans on Sept. 25. tp rd °l4 )kir, Nov. 29.—The Anna, Evers, from Am hpr4hatn to Bremen, has put into . Dorumersyl, having re 'g a leak off Norderney, and must discharge to Pair, 11 A148 9 DEC. 6.—The French vessel wrecked at thebe ven, with a cargo of apples, is supposed to be Emmanuel, from Isigny to Barfleur. IMPORTANT TO MARINERS. e ou ne follo w i ng i s an extrac t f rom t h e l og o f th e i t r itess of Musgrave, at Sheerness, from Quebec : li'e udo e b• 4.—Saw the edge of the Grand Bank of off s lindlnd by the colour of the water. The water i n,lldings black, and on soundings a very beauti fat6l.nt green colour; hove to, and sounded 65 lat. " 4 ' ll , s fine whitish sand, with black specks, then in tal e `;' 3o N., lon. 48.30 W., by lunar observation, v. l 'iated from Aug. 36." .lkfritsSELS SPORED( WlTH.—Peruvian, Liverpool to to to 2d inst., lon. 11 ; Alexander Grant, Liverpool lirZ, rn baY. Ist ult., lat. 15 N., lon. 27 W.; Ellen Liverpo o l to New Orleans, 4th inst., lat. 51, Y the Cleofrid, arrived at Liverpool. Her Ed wae B ship R a pid, O c t. 22, l e t. 1 S., lon. 12 W., lat 2 ,:q Maria, Bordeaux to Guadaloupe, 11th ult.; Liv e ,._ - ; ion. 31, by the Bombay packet, arrived at tr a ir._ °I Cyrus, whaler, Aug. 4, in Macassar Oct LI , with 300 b arre l s; M e ld on, L on d on t o B raz il s , Li ve 30 , lat. 7, l on . 25 ; F orester, o f H u ll, f ro m hili v e Ppl, 30th ult., lat. 35, lon. 11, by the Chusan, harts °fr Brighton. R ov er, w haler, with 2,000 tas i - B .; a by the Stan go thl an d, arrived at Singapore. : aShn, fr om N ewcast l e, 7th ult., lat. 7 N ., l on. 19, isinne Netherlands Indie, arrived off Swanage. . 10 n, 9 rll :,°i l f, Liverpool to Africa, 29th ult., lat. 49' °Y the Rapid, arrived off Dover. COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. Yesterday a Coui i; was held, in consequence of a requisition " To take into consideration the propriety of passing resolutions expressing the urgent necessity of an abolition of all restrictions upon commerce and manufactures, and especially those affecting the im portation of corn." Mr. HALL moved that the sum of 5001. be given to the poor widows 'of freemen at Christmas, the cus tomary winter vote of the Corporation for the benefit of those objects. Mr. GODSON, in seconding the motion, wished very much to see the amount raised to 1,0001., an improve ment which, he suggested, could be accomplished by cutting atiNty 5001. from the annual allowances of the Committees. After • a brief 'discussion the amendment was nega tived, and the original motion was carried unanimously. THE CORN-LAWS. Mr. PETER TAYLOR said eight months had elapsed since the question had been fully discussed in the Court, whose opinion had been expressed as to the necessity of the abolition of all laws affecting the im portation of food. It might be :.sked why the sub eet was brought forward again, after the declaration of that opinion, as there was no reason to imagine that such opinion had undergone any change, and why there should be a reiteration of what had been de clared eight months ago ? His answer was, .because, if the opinion of the Court was unchanged, so were the laws. Eight months had passed, not only without alteration, but with gradually increasing misery and distress, and a winter was now approaching, which no man of humanity, or reflection, or foresight, could contemplate without dismay,—(Hear, hear.) -In that short time distress and. disappointment had pro duced outrage and insurrection. That outrage -and that insurrection had been put down, but their causes not been removed, and until they were, there could be no permanent tranquillity nor security.—(Hear.) All was hollow beneath; they were now standing on a volcano, which might at any moment burst forth, and involve property and insti tutions in one common ruin. —(Hear, hear.) He knew the subject was frequently treated as though it were one, not of universal, but of conflicting in terest; that it was an attack of the unfortunate manufacturers upon the agricultural part of the popu lation, who were in a state of comparative prosperity, in which they might remain, if the adverse party would but let them alone. But nothing like that was the case. The population of the agricultural was worse than that of the manufacturing counties; and what trade, what employment, what profession, was prosperous ? The shop-keepers' returns of profits were diminished—the mills of the manufacturers were stopped, or moving languidly—the ships of the mer chants were floating idly in our ports—competition in the professions was invading individual income —whilst the rush of young men crowding our Courts of law and halls of medicine, the numbers increased by the difficulty of finding employment in trade, seemed to threaten a further decline of professional remuneration.—(Hear, hear.) He would he told the distress was admitted, but how was it to be relieved ? The majority of that Court, and those who agreed with him in opinion, declared it was owing to the restrictions upon trade, especially in articles of large consumption, foremost of which was corn. That was not a party or political opinion. If it was not strue it was nothing. Those who entertained it wanted to oppose, not an opinion, but circumstances and facts; and, if they were wrong, why not show that they were so ? They wanted relief, and they had no interest in anything that would not afford that relief. No difficulties could be so hard as those they met with—no obstruction so great as that they had to remove—no opponents so powerful as they had to con tend with—the Church, the landlords, the aristocracy, the Legislature, were their antagonists. If they had laid the saddle upon the wrong horse, let them be shown the right one, for a more powerful and unma nageable animal than they had selected could not be found.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) But he believed they were right after all. The anger of their enemies —the rapid union of their friends—the gradual with drawal of argument after argument—all proved that fact ; and being right, nothing would now drive them from their object. It was said the progress towards free trade in corn perilled the interest of the national debt. They made a fearful mistake who imagined the high price of.the public funds as an evi dence of national prosperity. It was the very reverse. It vas a proof that the usual and wholesome sources of profit were drying up. Whence could the interest of that or any other debt be paid but from the profits of national industry ? and if that industry was fettered and Made scarce, if that industry was destroyed, pay tnent of the interest of the national debt was at an end. While Government were laying such restrictions upon trade and manufactures, as had prevented their expan sion as the population increased, day by day the na tional securities and all other, securities were becoming more and more impaired. Mr. Taylor concluded by moving rather a long resolution, calling on Parliament for comprehensive measures to secure the unrestricted supply of food. Mr. STACY seconded the resolution, and described the Corn-laws as having been founded in fraud and robbery, and as having surrounded the country with all the bad passions of human nature. Mr. W. LAWRENCE objected to the great variety of subjects opposed to each other embraced by the resolution, and moved an amendment. Mr. GODSON seconded the amendment. After some discussion it was negatived. Mr. ASHURST cut down the original resolutions to a less unwieldly size, preserving, however, all their force, and they were i n that shape adopted by the Court. ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETING AT WHITECHAPEL. One of the district meetings of the Anti-Corn-law Association was held last night at the Eastern Insti tution, Commercial-road. The great room of the building was quite filled by an auditory admitted by tickets, who observed the strictest order. At the hour appointed, The CHAIRMAN (Mr. Martineau) opened the pro.. ceedings. He had considered the Corn-laws for years, and he was sorry to say that when a change was made in them, it was not for the better, but for the, worse. Their sole end and object was to prohibit the importation of corn, the most important article of food. This was no class question, it was the most general and universal that could well be conceived. It concerned every individual in that room ; it con cerned every individual of this vast empire —nay, of the world. We had mines of vast richness; great and powerful machinery. We had the largest commercial navy of the world, and with all these advantages we had, of late years, been shackled and crippled in our commercial speculations ; and the first and chief rea son of this was, that we could not import the food necessary for our artisans and labourers.—(Hear, hear.) The next most powerful and wealthy coun try to ours was America, and she had her pro hibitive duties, not on corn, but on clothing, the next important article to food. It was only that morning he read an account of a large agricultural meeting in Somersetshire, where the two Tory Members, who voted against the discussion of the Corn-laws, told their constituents they must look for the future not to legislative protection, , but to draining, to greater skill, to new descriptions of manures, and such re sources.—(Loud cheers.) Let us rejoice that our ranks were filled by any body of men, but more espe cially that the landlords and farmers crowded in on them.=-(Cheers.) The Rev. Mr. HALLIDAY came forward to move the first resolution. It had been thought best to con centrate their views in the following resolution : " That this meeting, considering the alterations made in the last' session of Parliament in the Corn and Pro vision-laws to be invidious and unjust—invidious as operating indirectly in the reverse of their import ance, and unjust in continuing the sliding-scale system, a system which injuriously limits the trade and commerce of the kingdom, and prevents the develop ment of its resources, the source of general employ ment—do, therefore, feel themselves called upon to continue and increase their exertions for the immd diate abolition, of these and all other partial and un just restrictions and monopolies. That this meeting warmly appreciate and fully concur in the proceed ings of the Anti-Corn-law League, both in Manches ter and in London, and therefore consider the League justly entitled to our pecuniary assistance, believing that the most effectual means of weakening mono poly is to arm its opponents with the all-powerful sinew of war, and opposing the monopolists plan of perplexing 'and amusing by an united and general endeavour to enlighten and arouse." Mr. RICARDO, seconded the resolution. He knew that he did not stand alone in such views ; for though there was no other Member of Parliament pre, sent there would have been but that they were engaged on another mission. He was glad the metro polis had shaken off the apathy which had long cha racterised it, and taken a due part in this glorious struggle. The only parallel which he knew to their apathy was (mind, he did not believe it) the case of a man who had his leg cut off without being aware of it, from magnetic influence. They were awakened, and there was no chance of their leg being cut off without their consent and approbation.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) I want to know (continued the Hon. Gentleman), what a stranger to our manners and customs would think of such laws? They tell us there is a Chinese Ambassador coming amongst us. — (Hear, and laughter.) I wonder what he'll think of them. Let us suppose he writes to his Emperor; will not his story be something of this kind?—" Oh most noble King of the Celestial Empire, these barbarians are a wonderful people. Since I have been here, I have seen, wherever I travelled, large shops for the sale of goods, and manufactories to make them ; I have seen ships in which to transport theie goods ; but I felt it my duty to see there was no deception in these appearances. And when I came to examine matters closely, I found chimneys without smoke, factories without occupants, habitations without tenants, and whole families without bread.—(Cheers.) I thought it right to inquire why this was so. I find this country has great resources, riches, industry, and skill; and yet, from an insufficiency of food, com merce is crippled. But your Majesty may ask, Why is this ? With manufactures, and ships to carry them to all parts. of the world, why don't they bring back a sufficiency of corn for their people from those countries where it is the staple production ? ' The fact is, the great Mandarins here—(A laugh)— are the law-makers and proprietors of land. They met together, and said let us make a law to prevent ships from bringing food from the north, south, east and west, until our own corn is sold at a price that gives us an enormous profit. They went down to Parliament, and, backed by an armed force, they made this law. But in process of time the population in creased, but the land did not increase an inch—(A laugh)and the people began to murmur. They ssiti that the goods of Providence were distributed over this earth, but they could not enjoy the blessings vouchsafed them. They said, other nations want our commodities; we their corn s 'r hey said these and many other things, but the Mandarins in the blue, red, and white ribbuns—(Laughter)—said These things shall not be.' The advocates of the people pointed out how foolish it was in the Mandarins to destroy their own customers; that trade and agriculture grew on the same stalk, and that commerce could not flourish and agriculture decay at the same time. But to all these arguments the Mandarins answered not one word, but that these things shall not be. To argument piled on argument no other response was given. But then the people murmured again, and formed a political asso ciation, with ramifications throughout the empire, and they called it the Anti-Corn-law League. Not a town or district that they did not inoculate with their principles, and they found the people willingly con tribute part of their means to furnish the funds of agitation in order to save. the remainder." So far goes the dispatch, but supposing his Royal Highness does not write it until'44, may it not conclude in this way ? "When the Mandarins saw the determination evinced and the' money raised for the purpose of destroying their monopoly, they began to tremble exceedingly, and not daring to resist any longer, these laws were re pealed and totally abrogated.' When we see the i efforts now making by the people, and the Prime Minister enunciating a principle about buying in the cheapest market and selling in the dearest (and any old wife might have toll as much) ; and when we observe the Secretary of the Colonies acting on perfectly free principles of trade in his department, it is not too much to expect that in another twelvemonth this mo nopoly will be no more.—(Loud cheers.) We shall have sincere pleasure in attending its funeral. Dr. TAYLOR was then introduced by the Chairman as the author of a clever pamphlet on the manufactur ing districts. He began by saying—lf I told you that I'came as one of a deputation from Cork, you must at once admit, from the few words I have spoken, that I bear unquestionable accentuated credentials.— (Much laughter followed this allusion to a rich Mun ster brogue.) But as I come from Manchester, and as you have just heard a very good harangue in Chi nese, perhaps you would have no objection to hear a few words by way of justifying my appearance here in Irish.-- s (Continued laughter.) In the first place, I have to read a letter from Mr. Ashworth, apologising for his non-attendance [Dr. Taylor read the letter]. I shall only notice one or two of the arguments some times urged in defence o'f these laws, but now almost completely abandoned. It is said these laws are ne cessary, for agriculture must be protected. Is it pro tected ? Does the labourer get a fair reward for his work ? Does he get, in the words of the best com mentary on the Divine text, that man must eat his bread in the sweat of his brow—l mean a fair day's wages for a fair day's work ? He does not. He had lived in a country , where the industrious farmer was turned out of his home—where the roof of his cabin was driven to accelerate his flight; and where he was compelled to take shelter in a ditch, with no better covering than the withered branches of trees. When I hear of protection, then I always take it to mean the protection of the withered boughs by the road side. Another argument often resorted to is, that cheap food will cause a reduction of wages. I deny the fact. In America food is cheaper and wages higher. Wages are paid with money, or they ought to be. Now, we have a saying in our country—Solomon was a very wise man, and Sampson a very strong one , but it would puzzle either of them to give you 2d. if they had not got it.—(Much laughter.) If employers have not means, in consequence of their markets being diminished, it is impossible for them to remunerate properly their labourers: The cry that the price of food should be kept up in order to secure wages to the labourer, reminds me of a proposal once made to me by a friend (who was a Corn-law man) when we were on our road together to Trinity Col lege. I was exceedingly tired, and proposed that we should have some brandy anti water. " Very well," said he, " but I'll drink the brandy, and you may have the water." . The monopo lists drink the brandy themselves, and they leave the labourers the water.—(Laughter.) I remember when the prospects of our success were not so cheer ing as they are at present; but, as my countrymen say, the darkest hour is that which precedes the day and when a people are once convinced that their ob ject is a just one, they should not despair of the means of attaining it. I may well address you, looking at your present mighty movement after your past struggles, in the words of the lover : " Thou art not conquered ; beauty's ensign yet Is crimson in thy lips, and in thy cheeks, And Death's pale flag is not advanced there." Mr. EVANS told the meeting how happy he should be to announce to the people of Manchester how warmly this question was taken up by the metropolis. Mr. P. TAYLOR, 'of the Young Men's Anti Corn law Association, delivered a clever speech. The Gentleman who wrote some letters on the Corn-laws, under the signature of "Diogenes," was called on, and made a short address. Mr. Tnomesox was sure that Sir R. Peel only , - -wanted the opportunity to strengthen himself by in troducing free trade principles, for he was evidently convinced of their justice. After all, great questions of this 'kind progressed more by feeling than argu ment. It was only the other day that Mr. C. Wood (intimately connected with Whig aristocracy) pro claimed himself " a whole-hog man."—(Hear, hear.) Mr. S. SMITH made a long speech, in which he al luded to the display lately made by the scions of aristocracy. Let him first introduce them to Lord Huntingtower. How did he dispose of' his share of the bread-tax ? Why, in the purchase of race horses ; and he was remanded by the Commissioners of Bankruptcy because he could not give a satisfactory account of his liabilities. But the moral and physical, line of beauty was full of variation. Turned he then to another Noble Lord—Lord ,Frankfort.—(Loud 'groans.) To what purposes did he convert his share of the bread-Mx? Why he provided carriages and livery for a class of females not to be further observed upon in the presence of the women whom he saw at that meeting. These sums he wrung from the poor Irish peasantry, who gladly toiled for 6d. a day. There was a third Nobleman, the lineal descendant of one who wrote a book to show how a man might be a very fine gentleman and a very great scoundrel. Well, so things went on in the West-end ; but how fared the poor of the East ? Why you know that the poor shirt makers of this parish were starving, though they worked eighteen hours a day, and gave 2d. out of their 6d. to enable these Noblemen to carry on their meritorious practices.—(Hear, hear.) The meeting shortly after broke up. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S—"*YESTERDAY. DERBY. 17 to 1 agst Mr. Bell's Winesour—taken 40 to 1 agst Mr. Griffiths's'Newcourt—taken 50 to 1 agst Colonel Peel's St. Valentine—taken 1000 to 20 agst Sir G. lleathcote's Sirikol—taken 1000 to 15 agst Duke of Richmond's Clara colt—taken 1000 to 10 agst Duke of Grafton's Pastille colt—taken 14 to 1 Winesour and Blackdrop—taken The attendance was thin and the betting flat. NEWMARKET (COURSING) CHAMPION MEET • ING, WEDNESDAY.—(CONTINUED.) First Ties for the All-Aged Stakes.—Minerva beat Selina ; Railroad beat Willy-go-faster ; The Miller's Only Daughter beat Victorina ; Margaret beat Admiral ; Westwind beat Knab ; Banner beat Jewess ; Busy Body beat Agrippa ; Ajax beat Lapwing. Second Ties.—Busybody beat Margaret ; Westwind beat The Miller's Only Daughter; Railroad beat Banner; Minerva beat Ajax. Sweepstakes for Puppies.—Second Ties.—Mango beat Duncan ; Win-if-I-can beat Ernest the First ; Sweet briar beat England's Queen ; Thorn beat Burfield Junior. The Exiling Stakes.—Lord Glentworth's Lablache beat Mr. Drinkald's Defiance ; Mr.' Bryant's Ephraim beat Mr. Morant's Mavourneen ; Mr., Vipan's Velure beat Mr. Tyson's Fairy. The last course for this race was not run when the coach left. The company was very numerous, and the coursing the best ever witnessed. The weather cold, rainy, and foggy. THE CURRENCY CREEK, AUSTRALTA.—A meeting of persona interested in this undertaking was held yesterday at the London Tavern, Mr. De Costa in the chair, for the purpose of appointing some compe tent person to be agent in the town of Adelaide, Aus tralia, for the purpose of carrying out a proposed plan of emigration and colonisation. After sonfe discus sion the meeting was adjourned, in order to ascertain if any house connected with the town of Adelaide would undertake the agency. The wife of General Sale is the daughter of the late vicar of Puddletown, Dorset, the Rev. Mr. Winch.-- Salisbury Journal. A recently-published census of Van Diemen's Land to the Ist January gives the following totals :---males, 34,504 ; females, 15,712. " The disproportion of the sexes," remarks the Australasiatie Review, ". is• a grievous calamity." THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 9, 1842. ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETING AT LEEDS. LEEDS, WEDNESDAY MORNING.—A tea-drinking meeting in favour of the objects of the Anti-Corn-law League, was held on Tuesday night at Leeds. About 400 or 500 persons, chiefly females, collected together at the Music Hall, Albion-street, and there was tea and the usual quantity of speechification, of which we give a specimen below. Mr. J. G. 'Marshall, a Leeds mill-owner, presided; and in the orchestra near him we observed Mr. Cobden, M.P. ; Mr. Aldam, M.P.; Mr. Busfeild, M.P. ; Dr. Bowring, M.P.: Colonel Thompson, and most of the leading Corn-law agitators of Leeds. After tea was disposed of, The CHAIRMAN briefly introduced the proceedings by observing that the peculiar circumstances under which the stirring appeal of the Anti-Corn-law League had been made, were such as entitled it to their vigorous support. Few could deny that the principles of free trade had made a signal and sub stantial progress in public opinion. All political par ties in the House more or less admitted those prin ciples ; and in the addresses of agricultural represen tatives to their supporters in the country were found uncommon moderation, and an infusion of new and liberal ideas. Their cause was gaining the support of almost all great and distinguished agriculturists—not only of a Spencer and a Fitzwilliam, who had long given their honourable and open adhesion to the truth, but of all who were earning, or had earned, a just title to be called eminent, by the successful applica tion of their skill and enterprise to the improvement of the resources of our common country.—(Hear.) He trusted the hand of every man would be stretched out in proportion to his means, to aid in the good cause which his heart and:mind approved of.—(Hear.) Mr. T. PLINT, the Secretary, was then called on, and read letters received from Lord Morpeth, Lord Radnor, Lord Kinnaird, Mr. Hume, Mr. Ward, and others, expressing concurrence in the object of the meeting, but stating their inability, from different causes, • to attend: • Mr. W. Ar.D.asr, M.P. for Leeds, was then called on to move the first resolution. He observed, that amongst the most striking circumstances which dis tinguished the present autumn from those of the pre ceding five years, was the comparative cheapness of provisions. We had had an abundant harvest, a large importation of food had taken place, and great cheap ness at present existed; but in spite of these circum stances, which at all preceding periods had been able to restore our trade no sign of revival was seen, the wisest heads were unable to point to the direction from which the revival was to come, until the unex pected news of the pacification of the East had ar rived, and a market of first-rate importance, with a probability of its increase, had been opened to us. A revival had taken place. Could anything show more clearly the vast importance of foreigo trade to this country, when, with all the events that at previous periods have revived the home trade, no revival had occurred?—(Applause.) The fact of six hostile tariffs having been passed in the last year, and England not being able to urge a successful remonstrance, showed that something was radically wrong in our com mercial policy.—(Applause.) England had, in fact, put her commercial system upon such a footing, importing only the raw materials of her manufactures, and some few things which she did not choose to be without, that she was unable to threaten retaliation for any hostile tariff. There was no better means of reducing foreign States to terms than by allowing an unrestricted corn trade ; for ex perience showed that we drew our supplies indiffer ently from every country in Europe, and all those countries benefited by it might be induced or com pelled, by means of the power this trade gave us, to make great concessions. A free trade in corn would give us a commercial power before which no tariff. in Europe could many y'ears stand Unmodified. — (Loud applause.) He rejoiced at the direction the efforts of the League were now taking—that, avoid ing invectives against landowners and farmers, they were now addressing themselves in earnest to convince that portion of the commercial world which—singular to say, still remained not very small— who were indifferent on the Corn-laws, and to con- , vince the large class of farmers and landowners who had hitherto been against them. At the present mo ment the farmers would be much more ready listeners than formerly ; they had learned by dear experience that the sliding scale was an ingenious contrivance for injuring all parties.—(Applause.) The commer cial merits of the question, too, were better under stood. Each year fallacy after fallacy disappeared. Very little was now heard of the balance of trade; people were beginning to understand how that a trade might be advantageous with a nation, as in the case of Russia, from whom we imported largely, but to which we exported little. We heard little now of the exchanges being against us, and the currency being consequently th rown into confusion. It was known th a t f or t h e l ast fi ve years we had h a d a trade in corn which had r f e r q o u m ire 4 c , l oo u o s to pay, e ith er i n gold l d or manufactures,,ooo/. to 8,000,00 0 / . annually; still, in spite of this immense sum having to be sent out of the coun try, the exchanges were favour able, and had been for some time. Thus commerce had found for itself channels by which that corn might be paid for without any injury to the country. The only argument now urged was the danger of being dependent on foreign countries. Was it possible we could be much more dependent than at present ? If the supply of cotton were cut off forla few months, would not all Lancashire be starving ? He con cluded by moving the following resolution That whilst this meeting approves of the spec fic object of the Anti-Corn-law League—the repeal of all restrictions on the import of corn and provisions -- and considers that measure to be imperatively called for as an act of justice to the consumers of food, as the only means of averting the ruin of the manufacturing classes, giving ultimate and solid prosperity to agriculture itself, and preserving the peace and well-being of the entire nation, it emphatically recognises the principle on which the demand for repeal is based —the wise, peaceful, and benevolent principle of free trade, the adoption of which in the whole commercial policy of this kingdom would, it solemnly believes, heal the lamentable and unhappy feuds which distract its several classes, and impede the progress of knowledge and social improve ment, and would substitute for the jealousies and heartburnings betwixt nation and nation that mutual dependence, respect, and attachment, which would banish war from the civilized world." Dr. flowaiNG seconded the motion. The CHAIRMAN then put the resolution, which was unanimously carried, as were each of the succeeding ones. Colonel THOMPSON was received with cheers. After saidallu he ding sh t o o u h ld is he lo h ca a l pp c y ontonesce t ndevery lay connections with sthe home t n, with he e a family definition of monopoly:--it was robbing two people to give half of the spoil to one.---(Applause.) d Doubts had sometimes been raised as to the precise manner in which the prohibition of foreign grain stopped the trade in Leeds broad cloth; but that was made painfully evident to the Hull captain, who took out a cargo of cloth to Hamburgh, and found he could not exchange it for anything but articles prohibited there.—(Rear.) He, of course, ; vowed never to take another cargo of Leeds cloth, and well he kept his word.—(Applause.) If a bale of L ee d s goods went to America, it had there to compete with German, Saxon, and 1 R : —e.gian goods ; and, sup posing that a certain quantity of each sold for ten dol lars, while the foreigners had only two dollars out of their ten to expend for replacing the food of their workmen, the Leeds man had three dollars to expend for the same purpose ; thus 'nukin— g a difference of thirteen or fourteen per cent. in the rate of their pro fits. Had an Act of. Parliament been passed declaring. " Whereas it is desirable that the in Leeds broad cloths shall be suppressed and abolished, be it enacted," , &c., the business could not have been done more ef fectually.—(Hear.) Nobody would be deluded with the notion of a foreign trade to be g o t up 12,000 miles off, nobody knew where.—(Hear.) If foreign trade was such a good, why not let them have it nearer home ? There was a great want within sight of our shores, but no Leeds cloth must be sold th ere. _ (Hear.) They might sell it in China if they would, but what w ere they to bring back ? They could not eat tea or barn • boos.--(Applause.) Those who drink .the best and dearest tea would certainly get it cheaper; provision was always made for their comfort.—(llear.) But we had stolen 21,000,000 dollars, and that was to vivify us, because they were silver dollars. — (Laughter.) He trusted the time was not come when a civilised and intelligent nation like England would submit to the piratical law whi ch prohibited trade, for the sake of mercenary warfare.—(Applause.) Though it was no business of his to say so, there were few worse trades going than w ar. —(Applause.) He would point out the course which they might adopt to relieve this national suffering. Somehow or other nothing, wes done in Eng:and without money, and Manchester now applied to Leeds to assist them in laying statements of these facts be fore the public; and . they were cont en t to abide by the conclusion. He had to move " That this meet ing, being deeply c onvinced that ' truth i s i nv i nc ibl e , and must prevail, and recognising the diffusion of knowledge, and peaceful but energetic discussion as the only legitimate means fur attaining the object of the League, tenders its grateful thanks to the Council of that body for the great and costly efforts it has made, and with such signal success, to inform the public mind on the principles and effects of the Corn-laws ; and heartily .pledges itself to a zealous co-operation with it in carrying out its great .purpose, of placing the means of full and complete information on this vital subject before the whole electoral body of the empire."—(Applause.) , Mr. E. BIRCHALL briefly seconded the resolution, which being carried, Mr. ConDEN rose to return thanks and was received with great cheering. H e referred to the proceedings of the League during its four years' existence, and ob served that they did not lay claim to infallibility; but if they had done anything deserving of censure in times gone by, it was owing to the hostility with which their lecturers were received in the agricul tural districts, where they were pelted, pumpedupon, and treated in the most ignominious manner. Now, many approved of their proceedings who had never done so before, alleging that they were adopting a more temperate course, in appealing to reason, thefact being that they had pursued that course all along. Was it not most singular that in a country where every thing must be decided, by free discussion the de fenders of the Corn-laws even in the agricultural distriots could not get up a meeting in support of the Corn-laws ?—(Hear.) And yet it was not sur prising, for what orator, even if he possessed all the powers of Demosthenes, would get up and utter an eulogy upon famine and starvation ?—(Cheers.) In the Housuof Commons the tactics of their opponents were, to draw them off from the main question by personal squabbles and accusations; and for this pur pose, last session, the Member for Knaresborough had been put forward by the Carlton Club.—(Hear, hear.) But the Corn-law question was not suffered to escape in this way, and it would not in future.—(Applause.) The enemies' tactics would be the same next session; they would collect a number of passages from the speeches of their lecturers and others, and 'endeavour to set public opinion against them. But this would not do ; he and his friends would not undertake the defence of the League, but would compel their opponents to debate the Corn-law question itself. Were the advo cates of the repeal inclined to waste time, they might gain a party triumph by showing, that the monopo list newspapers in all parts of the country had in dulged in such language previous to the late outbreaks as was eminently calculated to arm the working classes against their employers, and this fact was par ticularly susceptible of proof in the case of a news paper at Halifax.—(Hear, hear.) There were some newspapers advocating monopoly, which professed to circulate among, and be the organs of, the working classes. One of those, published in Leeds, used to send 650 to Stockport, but it now only sent eight of the same paper; 100 used to be sold in his own works, now there was not one. That paper, by the last Par liamentary return, circulated about 12,000 ; but there were several other weekly papers, advocates of free trade, which circulated a much larger number among the working classes. Therefore, let no, one suppose that the bulk of the working classes were allied with the monopolists.—(Hear, hear.) The object of the League now was to disseminate the truths embodied in Parliamentary Reports, and other documents, amongst the working classes in a cheap form. That could not be done, any more than the labours of Missionary Societies and other charitable institutions could be carried on, without money.—(Hear.) They were not going to use the money for boroughmonger ing ; but they hoped to enlighten the minds of elec tors, and influence them in the right direction.—(Ap plause.) .And lie doubted not, at the next general election, that by this means they would be able to return from 150 to 200 Members, piedged and bound together, and, what was much better, vigilantly watched by their constituents, who would go to Par liament for the express purpose of emancipating com merce and putting down monopoly.—(Cheers.) Subscription -cards were then circulated, after which Mr. Flint announced that the following subscriptions had been put down : Messrs. Marshall and Co. William Pawson, Esq.. Messrs. Stansfeld and Brown 5O Messrs. John Wilkinson and Co. . Messrs. March and Maclea 5O Messrs. E. Birchall and Sons Benjamin Walker, Esq. Newman Cash, Esq. William Smith, Esq., Burley John Waddington, Esq 25 S. J. Birchall, Esq. Messrs. E. Baines and Sons .. 25 Messrs. W. B. Holdsworth and Co. ..... 25 Messers. Beverley and Sons Joseph Bates, Esq. Robert Joswett, Esq. Messrs. Buckle and Son Charles Heaps, Esq. lO Messrs. Thomas George and Son Shepherd, Esq. .. lO After some further unimportant resolutions had been passed, the meeting broke up, the Chrirman an nouncing the total subscriptions at the meeting to amount to 7451. CHINA. The following characteristic letter is from a jack tar on board the Admiral's ship : "Nankin, Aug. 22, 1842. " You will no doubt learn by this mail of the com plete settlement of the Chinese affair, on what terms have not transpired, but I feel assured it will be on our own ; for never were there three men more de termined to persevere, and to resist all kinds of hum bug, than are the Admiral, General, and Plenipoten tiary. lam sorry to say the loss of life on our part this season has been very great, especially in the last affair at Ching-kang-foo, where the Tartar troops stood man to man, and defended every inch of the city, and when all was lost, cut their own throats and those of the women and children. Mr. caught one fellow in the act of killing three women • he took him prisoner, a nd bro ug ht hi m on b oar d, but after wards destroyed himself by jumping overboard. The sun destroyed many Europeans on that day ; indeed the heat for the last month has been tremendous, the thermometer ranging from 80 to 100 ; and lam sorry to say we are losing many men daily from cholera and fever. has exposed himself very much, but, I am happy to say, feels as yet no ill effects from it. His coxswain, on coming on board, after attending him on a morning's excursion, was seized with cholera, and died in a few hours. I hope this will make more careful of himself in future ; indeed, it is won derful to see how he bears the fatigue both of body and mind, which has lately been very great. " For a description of the country I must refer you to Davis's Chinese,' which is a most faithful descrip tion both of country and people. One thing in this river he has not mentioned—the golden island of Ching-gong city, until lately used as a summer re treat for the Empress, having a grand temple with several pagodas, and, seen at a distance, is the most beautiful thing imaginable ; indeed, I have wished for the power of magic to transport some of the young ladies from to take a drawing of it, and pray tell Sir it would be much better worth taking in tow than his little island at Rio. " We had yesterday on board three Chinese of high rank, with many attendants. The three behaved themselves remarkably well, taking what was offered them in a most gentlemanlike manner; but the rest sat down, or stood, as suited them, and, diving into every thing, eat and drank like pigs, and actually pocketed the remainder. They are, I believe, the greatest rascals in the world, both high and low; in deed it is hardly possible to deal with them without the assistance of a good stick, which has a wonderful effect in lowering prices. " We are within 900 yards of the outer wall, of Nankin, but not in sight of the inner, and near 200 miles from the sea, and have been pretty well supplied on our passage up by the Chinese boats with vegetables, poultry, some bullocks, and broad tailed sheep ; the latter are not found farther south. Of our future movements nothing is yet known, but I hope soon to see some old faces in India, wheats we shall b. ready for the doby's, having now been our own doby's for twelve months this very day." FEMALE MAGNETISM.—" There i 3 to me," says Byron, " something very softening in the presence of a woman : some strange influence, even if one is not in love, with them. I always fe e l i n b e tt er ,humour With IT& and everything else, if th ere i s a woman within . en." CONTINENTAL RAILWAYS.--W re informed that the works of the Paris and Rouen Railroad are so far advanced, as regards the contract of Messrs. Mackenzie and Brassey, that it will certainly be ready for circulation by the end of April ; and that the only thing which could prevent its being then opened to the public would be a delay in the supply of rails, which, however, is not apprehended. Should the ex pectation of its completion by the end of April be ac complished, this railway, which is more than eighty English miles in length, will have been made within a period of two years and six weeks from the day when the workmen first broke ground—a rapidity . of execution which is altogether unprecedented even in England, and on lines presenting none of the difficul-, ties of the Paris and Rouen line, on which there are many works of infinite labour, particularly two tun nels of great length, cut through flinty rocks, which are chefs d'oeuvre in their way.—Galignani. ADULTERATION IN MANUFACTURED TOBACCO:— About three weeks ago a seizure of about four tons of adulterated tobacco was made by the Excise in Hud dersfield, by whom it was brought to this town. We understand that only about one-fourth part of the seizure was tobacco, the rest being rubbish of little more value than 2d. or 3d. per pound. We are glad that the authorities have succeeded in detecting this wholesale fraud, not only for the sake of protection to the honest trader, but also from the gross robbery of the revenue which it has prevented. Proceedings have been commenced in the Exchequer against the guilty party.—Halifax Guardian. A MANCHESTER BALL IN THE LAST CENTURY.— The following announcement appears in an old num ber of Harrop's Manchester Mercury :—" Manchester, May 17, 1754.—8 y particular desire of several Gen tlemen and Ladies, on Wednesday, the 15th instant, being the last day of the cocking, will be a ball, in the New Assembly Room. Tickets to 'be had at the cockpit, at 2s. each. To begin at seven o'clock in the evening. Th• present population of British Guiana, accord ing to the latest returns of the Commissary of popu lation, founded upon a recent census, is about 102,000. OF this number Georgetown contains about 19,000. — Royal Gazette. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF CHANCERY, Dec.. 8. MITFORD V. REYNOLDS—JUDGMENT. The L ORD C HANCELLOR gave j udgment this morn ing in this important case, the question in which arose under the will of Mr. Robert Mitford. The testator, after providing for the payment of his debts and lega cies, proceeded thus —".N inthly, I will, devise, and be queath the remainder of my property to the Govern ment of Bengal, for the express purpose of that Go vernment applying the amount to charitable, benefi cial, and public work s a t an d i n the city of Dacca, theintent being that the amount should be applied exclusively to the benefit of the native inhabitants in the manner that the Gov ernment m i g h t consider most beneficial." The first and main question was whether this was a valid charitable bequest; the money was to be applied to charitable, beneficial, and public works. Now th e quest i on to b e consi dered was, whether those words were to be taken distributively or conjunctively. Upon that point there could be no doubt; it was clear this was not the whole of the bequest, because the testator went on to say, that it was his intent that the money should be applied exclusively for the benefit of the native inha bitants of Bengal. Taking, therefore, the whole to gether, the meaning and intent was, that the money should be employed upon works, by which his Lordship understood something to be constructed or established for the benefit of the native inhabitants of the city of Dacca, not for any particular class, but for all generally, rich and poor. His Lordship thought, that considering all the autho rities on the subject, this constituted a valid charit able bequest. In the case of Jones v. Weller, before Lord Camden, there was a bequest of 1,0001. for supplying Chepstow with water; there Lord Camden, considering the gift to be one for the benefit of the poor as well as rich, held it to be good, observing that such a gift had always been considered within the statute of Elizabeth as a good bequest. In the case of House v. Chapman, Lord Loughborough held that a similar gift to the city of Bath was a good bequest. In another case before Lord Eldon, the Botanical Gardens at Stockwell, by reason of the statement of the testator that he considered it a public good, Lord Eldon thought it was a charitable bequest, and void under the statute of mortmain. His Lordship, after referring to several other cases, stated his opinion to be that the bequest was good. It was unnecessary for his Lordship to advert to the statute of mortmain, as that had no application in India. Then with re spect to the objections that had been urged agahist the bequest; first, it was said it was difficult and uncertain to know what the testator meant by the native inhabitants of Dacca ; His Lordship apprehended that no person, having any knowledge of India, could have any doubt upon the subject—he clearly meant the native inhabitants, in contradistinction to the European inhabitants and their descendants. Then it was said, how could works be exclusively for the benefit of the native inhabitants ? In his Lordship's opinion, there might be many instances in which they could be so exclusively em ployed, such, for instance, as hospitals, baths, and gar dens. Another objection was, that it might be em ployed for idolatrous purposes—such as building tem ples for the worship of idols. Now the answer to that was obvious—the gift was for the benefit of the native inhabitants of Dacca, and this Court would not consider such an application for their bene fit, nor would any other Court. Now, as his Lord ship understood the Act of Parliament on which the Supreme Court in Calcutta was founded, that Court exercised an equitable jurisdiction, and doing so it would -consider such an application impro - per, and would control, regulate, and restrain it. It appeared to his Lordship that the mo ney being directed to be given to the Government of Bengal, it ought to be paid to the Governor, in order that it might be applied to the purposes contained in the will. But then it was said that the Court would not part with the funds, because they might be abused, as the Governor was subject to no control. This was a mistake, the Governor was subject to the control of the Supreme Court, the same as any other person, except where he was act ing as Governor in Council. In the present case he was acting as a private individual; he was not re ceiving the payment of this money in his public cha racter, and he was therefore amenable to the tribunals of the country. Several other objections had been urged, none of which, in his Lordship's opinion, had any weight. On the whole, therefore, his Lordship was of opinion that, taking all the matters into consi deration, the gift was a good charitable bequest, free from any valid or legal doubt, and that the Court, therefore, was bound to direct the money to be paid over to the Governor. The decree, therefore, of the Vice-Chancellor was a proper one, but as it was considered that the mausoleum which the testator had directed to be built for the interment of himself and sister was a charitable bequest, it being built as an ornament to the town near which it was placed, it would be necessary to vary that decree, for the purpose of identifying what the charitable bequest with respect to the native inhabi tants of Dacca was. The case was then ordered to stand for :Monday, to be spoke to on further directions. IN RE SUISSE. On this motion being called on, Sir C. WETIIERELL, on behalf of the executors of the late Marquis of Hertford, stated that since the case was last before the Court, affidavits had been filed on behalf of Mr. Suisse, which it would be necessary for them to answer unless his Learned Friend, Mr. Sharpe, on behalf of Mr. Suisse, was willing to agree to a proposition he would make, which was, that Mr. Suisse might have the remaining 1,500/. out of Court, provided he would give good security in England to restore it, if, upon a reference to the Master (which was to take place immediately), he should be found bound to do so. Mr. S. SILARPE on behalf of Mr. Suisse, could not consent to the proposal. After a short discussion, it was arranged that the motion should come on peremptorily the day after the next seal. VICE. CHANCELLORS' COURT, Dee. 8. The Vice-Chancellor of England was occupied the whole morning with motions of no public interest. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, Dec. 8. (Sittings at Nisi Prius before Lord DENMAN and a Middlesex Special Jury.) CARPUS V. THE LONDON AND BRIGHTON RAILWAY COMPANY. This was an action brought by Mr. Carpue, an emi nent surgeon, to recover damages from the London and Brighton Railway Company, for the injuries suf fered by him in consequence of the terrific accident which occurred on that line on the 2d of October, 1841. The Attorney-General and Mr. Hayes appeared for the plaintiff, and the Solicitor-General, Mr. Thesiger, and Mr. Swann for the defendants. _ The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said that the plaintiff was a surgeon eminent in his profession, and most probably well known by name at least to every one of the Jury, and the defendants were the proprietors of the London and Brighton Railway Company, who, although they said that their railway was a pub lic highway, yet acted as common carriers conveying goods and passengers on their railway. On the 2d of October, 1841, the plaintiff took his passage in one of the open carriages, accompanied by two of his servants. On the arrival of the train at Copyhold cutting, about thirty-six miles from London, when the train, propell e d b y two locomotives, was proceeding at a very rapid rate, t h e train ran off the line, the car riage in which Mr. Carpue was was crushed—his two servants were killed on the spot, and he himself so severely injured, that be was taken to Brighton in a most dangerous state, where he remained for some time ; and at the present moment he was inca pacitated from performing his professional duties, and would most likely so continue to the end of his days. Baron Rothschild and Mr. Seymour, who were pas sengers by the train in a first class carriage, at the time the accident happened, stated, that before ap proaching Hayward's Heath, the increased velocity w ith thithviat the lich the train was proceeding greatly , rapidity with which they were proceeding became the subject of conversation ; and that shortly afterwards they felt the shock of the concussion consequent upon the accident. Mr. Hothain was asleep when the ac cidcnt occurred. They got out, and perceived Mr. + Carpue sitting on the coupe of an open carriage, appa rently suffering greatly, and seriously injured ; the open carriage in which he had been riding crushed, and his two servants killed. The train had been pro ceeding with two engines in front. Professor Barlow, the Professor of Mathematics at Woolwich, had examined the railway at the place where the accident occurred, on the sth of Octo ber, the accident having occurred on the 2d of October. lle believed the subsoil in which the sleepers had been laid to be composed of sand and clay. The sleepers were laid in the sand-ballast; they were not bedded in the sand, they were laid on it. If the sub soil were mud, it would give way. He thought it was mud from what he saw. He saw mud running down into the drains, which he thought might be from the subsoil. In the cutting where the accident happened, the gradient was a descending one. Mr. W. Lucas was a passenger by the traitthi that i vh t e h n e The accident occurred. It appeared to him train was going with very great rapidity before the accident happened. There was not a tender between the second class carriage and the engine. Lieut.-Col. Sir F. Smith—l went to the spot soir,e weeks afterwards. -I was Inspector -general oirailways for upwards of a year. On level lines and with ris',ng gradients I see no objection to having two engines in front, but on descendin g gradient s . I s h ou ld not up prove of them. If I must have them, I would /.ave them both ahead. I would have breaks at intervals. No man can give YOll a distinct opinion, as I examined the nature of the soil at the place where the accident happened before the line was i.n use. Generally speakin g , I t h ought the l i ne was i.n good order, when it was first used. The upper Put of thc* - --- cutting was sand-rock, and I think the lower part also. The ballast was laid on a sand-rock. On the Birmingham and Gloucester line they take off one of the engines when the gradients are increased. Cross-examined by the SOLICITOR-GENERAL—I inspected the line carefully before it was opened. I thought that in many respects the line was admirably done. A new line requires much more care than a line long opened, and must be used at a moderate rate of speed. Slips will happen on all railway.:. It is always safer to have trains divided by an interval of fifteen minutes, than to have a long train with two or more locomotives. Re-examined—lf the steam were shut nff from the second engine, it would eventually diminish the speedof the train. The ruling gradient in the Brighton line is 1 in 264. Th e G rea t W es t ern i s a l eve l line, with the exception of the Box tunnel. You may use higher velocities on the Great Western than on the Brighton. By the Couler—Having heard the evidence of Professor Barlow, I do not agree with him in opinion as to the subsoil. I think it very possible that what he saw draining was the supersoil, and not from the cutting itself. I did not test the soil under the ballast. Mr. W. Hathway, surgeon, at Brighton, attended the plaintiff after the accident. There was great compression of the body, but no bones were broken. The chest was flattened, the pulse was fluttering, and he was suffering dreadful pain. Witness applied 100 leeches to him, and bandaged his body. He was not capable of motion for eight or ten days after. He was in a dangerous state for at least five days. He suffered dreadfully for a fortnight. In about a month he was able to leave Brighton to return home. Prior to the accident he was capable of practisleg as a surgeon, but now his whole nervous system is dis ordered. I do think he will ever be able to follow his profession again. Cross-examined—l think he is about seventy-two years of age. I understood he was practising as consulting surgeon at the tiine of the accident. Mr. George Simpson, surgeon, Bedford-square, has known plaintiff 22 years. had seen him ,shortly before he went to Brighton. Has seen him since his return. Saw him the day after. He was much affected, and burst into tears. He suffered greatly from the effect of the accident. Plaintiff is not in a state to continue his profession. He was before he went to Brighton. Mr. John Roper, surgeon, New Cavendish-street, has known plaintiff professionally twenty-four years. Up to the time of the accident he was carrying on business as a surgeon. Since the accident he has been incapable of perfbrming any surgical operation. He is improved, but I should be very doubtful of his recovering sufficiently to take an active share in the duties of his profession. This was the case for the plaintiff. The SOLICITOR:GENERAL submitted that the defen dants had not received the proper notice of action re quired to be given by the 205th section of the Act. Lord DENMAN reserved the point. The SOLICITOR-GENERAL then addressed the jury for the defendants. He could not doubt, from all the circumstances of the case, but that there was a strong feeling against the defendants. It was an opinion ge nerally held that if the Directors of Railroads were properly careful, these accidents would never happen ; but lie found that let Railroad Directors, be as careful as they might, accidents would happen, and if he showed that this accident had occurred, not through any negligence of the defendants or their servants, then they would do justice by returning a veedict for them. Th e acc id en t h a d occurred in 1841, and the plaintiff had not brought his action until seven months afterwards, and then without giving any notice of his intention of so doing, thus preventing them from tendering him compensation if they had been minded to do so. He should produce persons who were travelling by the train, who would prove that so far from the train going too fast it was going slower than usual. He shoultl call the officers of the Company, who would prove that the steam had been shut off, and state the *ate at which they were going ; and in this CPb the charge was that the en gineer had driven with too great rapidity, not that the Company bad improperly constructed the railroad. That was not the question now at issue, but if it had been, the evidence of Sir P. Smith was sufficient to show that the railroad had been properly constructed. The charge was that of rapid driving, and he should distinctly meet the charge by the wit nesses he intended to call. What occasioned the engine to go off the line he could not explain, but he should prove that every proper and possible precaution had been taken to prevent accident. He should prove that the road had been properly constructed, properly maintained, and that the train was not travelling with an improper degree of velocity. The Learned Gentle man then called the following witnesses : Thomas Kitchen—l am a guard in the employ of the Brighton Railway Company, and was guard to the train to which the accident occurred. It was a first-class train, with upwards of twelve carriages. From Hawley we had two engines, a f our an d a s i ; wheel ; the four-wheel first. As we entered the cut ting where the accident occurred, the four-wheel engine had most steam on. This was at Copyhold cutting. The rate we were going was from twenty three to twenty-five mil es an h our . I saw the drivers before we left Hawley. They were perfectly sober. I have been a railway guard four-and-a-halt years. I was on the Great Western line two-and-a-half years, and on the Northern and Eastern line. Cross-examined—l cannot say exactly the number of carriages that were with that train. I was hurt, and therefore could not take any account. I cannot say who took the account. It would have been my duty if I had not been hurt. There were 100 first-class passengers, and 60 second-class. From Newcross to Dartford Arms we had two engines put on to go up the assent. When we got to the top of the ascent we left it. We put on two engines from Hawley ' • the second was to enable us to get up the ascent. We did not take it off when we got to the top, because we had no order to do so. Both en gines were in front of the train. After the six-wheel engine came a composite carriage with passengers in it. The coupe carnage was two or three behind. In the composite carriage, when we left London, there were only Mr. Carpue's two servants. The carriage has three bodies, and they were in the body furthest from the engine. Next to the composite carriage came ten or twelve first-class carriages, then anoth er com posite, and then a horse-box. We had two trucks and two private at aphn c p ee a d carriages carriages. a de go.a Goldsmith siirna ongd carriage t hd h n s noea t fxo n e ttk . t hear ooee T nat fhrhoeeou was rr l e u;:geg,eghi drivernae gee four-wheel. ,Nhvsoela of the ‘toah, theanle accidentothe then t otop composite osix-wheel, h f but I have that C opel a since Copeland m a liard ci e eth o e n s e was i gna l made u e I is here. ha heard l ea d id o not know whether Hinge the policeman gave the sig nal " All right" or not. Th die ATTORNEY-GENEas. I ,--Wh en th e a cc id e nt oc curredyou hear anybody say that Copley had made the signal to slack ahead. Witness—l have heard it since, but at the time I was taken up sense less, and did not recover until the next morning. Lord DENMAN—We cannot take as evidence what you heard afterwards. Re-examined—l was standing up facing the en gine, on the composite carriage, at the time the acci dent happened. Mr. Carpue was not in the carriage. His servants were. There are policemen and plate layers stationed on the road, to give proper signals if there is any danger of the train not going safely over the ground. There was more steam in the first en gine than in the second. I did not observe any in the six-wheel engine. Arthur David Harford—l was under-guard when the accident occurred. I was on the last passenger carriage at the time. A short time before the acci dent I felt the speed decrease, and in consequence I stood prepared to apply my break. I looked out, but saw no signal. This was about half a mile from the place where the accident occurred. I felt a slight jerk when the accident occurred, but not sufficient to do me any injury, or to injure those in the carriage where I was. I got off and observed that both' the engines had run off the rails. I suppose we were then going at about 22 miles an hour. _ Cross examined—There were two composite carriages, five first-class carriages, and otte first class coupe carriage, one horse box, and two carriage' trucks, on the train. I did not know anything about our being behind time. We had no delays, that lam aware of. We had not made use of more than the ordinary ve locity to mr.le up for lost time. Our ordinary velocity is from twenty-five to thirty miles an hour. We were eleven w a les from Hawley when the accident hap pened. We had been going at twenty-eight miles an hour before the accident happened. Four persons were killed. The guard, the engine -driver, and Mr. Carpue, were severely hurt. Those who were killed were in. the carriage nearest the engine. With the exception of the persons in the carriage nearest the engine, none were seriously hurt. James Copley—l was employed to keep the roads clear in fhe Copyhold cutting at the time of the acci dent. I'f, was my duty to make signals to the trains. hold ee n i a t h rig ere ht— had l b I np ho w ld th u e l y y ahraendthoustlasctrakeinghstpiefeday iTs -s I had given the signal to d gr f, e n a t, t a t d al o o n f Nti-leotsethdrceye or four dap before the steel ahcakt tr s i p : e d d i . d I n d o i t d a t p e e s a a r m t e o o m n e t the d b a e y c o o t; n t n e g a c g c n i c e k n e t r . than any of the others. The signal was obeyed ; the six-wheel engine put all her steam off, and the steam of the four-wheel one was slackened. The accident occurred after the train had passed me. I heard of it soon after. I left the service of the Company about the latter end of last June. The soil in the cutting is clay and sand-rock. The sleepers are laid on sand rock. ---- Cross.examined—l was a labouring man in th e cutting, employed to get stone-rock for ballast by the side of th e cu t t i ng. T o get r id o f th e wet we Bleared the grip s ou t as soon as we cou ld. .We had been at it three or four d a y s before the accident, for the water