The Sun. — London, England, 1827-12-11 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF I'Hr4 PUBLIC JOURNALS. A meeting of ship-owners and their friends was held at North shields on Thursday last, which ap pears to have been but thinly attended. The county .toembers„ ,- however, Messrs. Liddell and Bel), were present, and each took the opportunity to make a speech, having the common characteristic of deep lamentation for the decay of the shipping interest. We had hoped that the memorable speech of Mr. Iluskisson Would, at least for one generation or so, have set this class of grumblers at rest,—at rest, we :mean, in respect to any attempt to assign the late openings of the navigation laws as a just ground of censure upon the maritime system of the Govern ment. It was demonstrated, as we conceive, by Huskisson, that the progressive increase of the kreign shipping had been severely checked by the wholesome provisions of the new relaxing laws ; that the positive increase of the British shipping had been promoted; and that our persisting in the ancient course against other nations, must have led to their adoption of the same rigour against British ships, by which the sum total of our shipping interest would have been deplorably diminished. But if the Legis lature refuse to authorise a measure affecting the mo nopoly of any given branch of trade, however ruinous may be that monopoly to the parties possessing it, we may as well shut up the doors of Parliament to all purposes of commercial legislation.—Times. A ease which we have copied from the Maccles field Courier, with the heading given by that paper " Villainously False Charge," shews the sort of justice which, a man may expect from those who are both Judges and Parties. Mr. Ainsworth, describ ed as a respectable solicitor of Macclesfield, and seven 'other individuals (labourers), were charged on the oath of an informer, named John Hindley, with pOaching on the estate of Colonel Parker, of ..A.stle, in the night of the 9th of November last. The informer, it appeared, was a dog-stealer, and more over a felon ; and his evidence, which was impro bable and contradictory in itself, was contradicted by respectable witnesses. In short, we hardly ever recollect of seeing a blacker affair than the whole case appears to have been. Colonel Parker, the gentleman on whose grounds the accused were charged with poaching, sat as a Magistrate on the Bench, of course without being in the least biassed. One Magistrate (we wish the name had been given) displayed his judicial aptitude, by which to prevent the informer from telling how often he had been convicted for crimes and offences—probably deeming it the bounden duty of a Magistrate to allow no evi dence to be extracted from a witness but that which supported the charge. However, the case was too bad even for the partial feelings of game-preserv ing Magistrates. There was not even a shadow of pretext for even sus - Recting any of the parties ac cused, and a conviction was thus rendered impos sible. It became. now the duty of Sir John Stan ley, the Chairman, to address the parties accused ; and here the cloven foot displayed itself. Here are eight individuals, compelled, on the information of a felon, to bring forward a body of evidence to prove their innocence, at great trouble and expence, with transportation suspended over their heads; for Sir John told them, " yoe who have this day been ac cused of poaching, bad conviction followed, would perhaps have been sentenced to transportation." With indifferent Judges, the feelings uppermost would have been indignation at the conduct of the wretch who had wickedly exposed eight of his fellow -creatures to the hazard of such a punish ment, and sympathy with the men whose peace of mind had been so wantonly invaded. But tPe Cheshire Magistrates seem to have felt like the giants in the story-books, when their vic tims, on which they were gloating in imagination, were torn from them. Sir John Stanley pours out the vials of his wrath on the heads of the innocent accused. " You, Mr. Ainsworth," said Sir John Stanley, " are fully acquitted of the charge; still I trust you will take the affair into your most serious consideration. I hope, for the sake of yourself and of the profession of which you are a member, you will, to the utmost of your ability—and a man of your respectability, in such a case, might accom plish a great deal—persuade others of the illegality and danger of such practices. Do let me entreat you to adopt another line of conduct. You ought to consider this a fortunate day." Bravo, Sir John ! The glorious Unpaid for ever ! Suppose, Sir John, a miscreant were to accuse you of picking his pocket or something worse, and you were to be brought to trial at the bar of the Old Bailey, and acquitted on the most unquestionable proof of your innocence, bow would you feel, if the Judge were to tell you " that you ought to adopt another line of conduct, that you ought to consider this a fortunate day ?"- 1s this the language which a Magistrate ought to address to innocence ? If the men whose innocence was so fully established had escaped on some infor mality, after sufficient evidence of their guilt had been produced, could you have made use of more unkind language ? What man, with a particle of feeling, does not burn with indignation at the lan guage addressed to these innocent men ? Mr. Ains worth did feel indignant. " Fortunate day ! Sir John," he exclaimed, " what do you mean ? I repel with indignation the insinuation. Do you mean to say, and does this Court mean to say, I ought not to be acquitted, but that I escape by favour ? The charge, Sir John, brought against. me by that' villain (point ing to Hindley), has been clearly proved to be un founded. What, then, is meant by this being a for tunate day ? If it is meant to be implied, that I am connected with poachers, I deny that it is the fact. It is true, Sir John, that I went to Chester to defend Middleton against a charge, of which he was acquitted. His friends employed me as a pro fessional man to defend him ; and because I was thus employed professionally, am I to be branded as a poacher ? I candidly acknowledge that lam fond of shooting, and am qualified by law;. but I defy any man to prove that I ever went out with poachers. I never did. I have a character at stake in this proceeding, Sir John, and it is wrong in the . extreme thus to address me. I have my living to get by my profession, and why is such an imputa tion thrown out ?"—Sir John Stanley : " Mr. Ains worth, allow me"—Mr. Ainsworth : " I repeat, Sir John, that I never was connected with poachers; why then, in the name of God, is such an imputa tion thrown out against me in a Court like this ?" Aye, why indeed ! Let us listen to Sir John. "If I have been misinformed,Mr.Ainsworth, Ihave gone too far : but when these men come to you profession ally, do yougiv e them the advice you ought to do? I . have been informed that you consider the offence of poaching in a very. trivial light, and by instilling into others your opinions,have in arnanner encouraged them to commit the offence." Admirable illustration of the justice to be expected at the hands of the glorious Unpaid. Who does not call to mind the fable of the Wolf and the Lamb ? A Chairman of a Bench of Magistrates addresses a respectable gentleman as an acquitted poacher, on the tittle tattle which some of his toad -eaters have conveyed to him, as to the light way in which Mr. - Ainsworth may have spoken of the dread and mighty offence of poachin g . H ere the secret of th e animosity oozes out. Any man within the dominions of the Great Unpaid, who does not choose to think as they think respecting the Game Laws and poaching—who ventures to aid in rescuing a suspected poacher from the de struction intended for him, must prepare himself for all manner of persecution. There is nothing uttered hy Sir John Stanley which is not perfectly in cha racter, and which would not be approved of by the whole body of Unpaid throughout England. Woe to the man who, in any manner, comes into collision with them in their capacity of Administrators of the Game Levis ! Mr. Ainsworth denied that he had not warned men of the danger they ran ; but this would not do; Sir John was not to be baffled by such an answer. " Did you speak to them in a mo ral sense—did you sneak to them of the inamorality of such proc eedingslo, And this is deciding „ evidence I However, let us hear Sir John himself o n the immorality A keen eye and a s trong I, of ** in ch g " For keeping t he Magistracy . m ancl . upon the poacher, were entm to greater credit than merely doing so for the lake of game it self, or their own diversion. They had a higher and more important object, and that object involv ing a great moral principle. Not only were they acting to stop crime at its very outset; but they were acting to preserve the public peace, and to prevent that system of rebellion which could not fail to be followed, when bands of men to the number of ten, twenty, and, as had been known, to the amount of nearly one hundred, went out armed at the dead of night, and not only trespassed wherever their lawless will led them, but discharged their guns under the very windows of the owners of the houses on whom they were marauding. If such persons were alloy. .ad to go thus armed, to what con sequences might it not lead ?" The consequences to which it will lead, we think, ve can venture to predict—the amendment of the Game Laws. The people of England will not submit much longer to the outrages which are caused by the Game Laws, and the Game Laws alone. The immorality is on the side of those who make laws wicked and unjust in principle, which ought to be violated, and which must and will be violated every day. The game of the country belongs to the nation ; and the Laws which assign that game to a certain number of in dividuals, not for the purpose of being distributed by them through society like the fruits of the earth, but for their own exclusive use, are unjust in principle, and at variance with the express object of the social union. The poachers violate the law indeed, and must suffer the punishment which the law enacts. We advise no man to resist the law. But this law is one which must be broken; and, inoid.lly, the rest of the community are justi fied in buying from poachers, and poachers are justified in selling to consumers. The risk they run from the law is, of course, an addition to their gain. The crimes into which these men may after wards fall from their habits, and the consequences of these climes, will, if there be justice in Heaven, be laid to the charge of the Aristocracy of England, the really guilty. We lament the evils occasioned by this vicious system of legislation; and we only regret that the punishment of the really guilty should in this world fall on those who are comparatively innocent.: However, Magistrates may threaten as they please, the poachers are now becoming too powerful for them ; and it requires no extraordinary sagacity to foretel, that when bands of one hundred armed men wander up and down the country, the Magistracy and preservers must quail to them. The Magistracy have obviously allowed the evil to ex ceed their powers of repression. The poachers practise the grand improvement in modern warfare, that of endeavouring to bring a greater force on any one point than their opponents can do; and they are generally successful, because the preservers are obliged to be on the defensive, and never know the point which the combination of poachers will attack. We lament the moral evil; but we rejoice at the defeat of the Aristocracy, who will be compelled, whether they will or not, to consent to the selling of game.—Morning Chronicle. In the lamentable dile--; na to which the gross misconduct of Ministers had reduced the Nation, by not having in the first instance given proper instruc tions to Admiral Codrington, they find themselves under the necessity of making increased preparations for actual warfare, now to all appearance become inevitable, and which, whilst originally they never contemplated the event, they had in the progress of affairs neither the wisdom nor foresight to avoid.— Accordingly several additional men of war are al eady under orders for the Mediterranean, including the Erebus, Terror, 2Etna, and Infernal bombs, and several other ships of such a description as to leave no doubt that they are intended to be em ployed in the Dardanelles and against other parts of the Turkish coast. We hope and trust, however, that all due caution will be used in the employment of this force, and that the injury we have already so wantonly inflicted on an old and faithful Ally, will not be increased, except under circumstances of the most urgent necessity, as well regarding the honour of our country, as the interests and personal safety of our fellow subjects.—Morn ing Post. That the Turks have frequently shown great ener gies and dauntless resolution, in trying and difficult situations, cannot be denied—that they have dis played both decision in the Cabinet, and exemplary courage in the field, must be universally admitted— but never before bad they` to contend with difficul ties so grtlt and terrible as those which surround them at the existing crisis. At no preceding period was the Turkish empire placed in so great peril as in the year 1770 to 1774; yet the danger was small compared with the present. Then, indeed, the ambitious Catherine fomented a general in surrection in Greece, with the hope of being enabled to place her grandson Constantine on the throne of the Greek empire ; and, at the same moment, attacked, with all the vast re sources of Muscovy, the Turkish empire, both by sea and land. Turkey had then to support a tremendous struggle : she had to fight for her very existence, while rebellion raged in her provinces, and invading fleets and armies insulted her frontiers. Yet the policy of Catherine was frustrated—the Greek insurrection was extinguished—and, after many vicissitudes of war, the crown of the coveted soil, which lies 1 - ,:Aween Russian ambition and our Eastern possessions, remained on the head of its Ottoman conqueror. Turkey then showed no deficiency of courage or resources; but her northern enemy had not the fleets of England and France to assist her projects, as Russia bas at present; such a co-operation would have made the odds frightful against Turkey at any time; but how much more so now, when the right arm of the Ottoman empire has been cut off by the annihilation of the Janissa ries, the most warlike part of her people, and the elite of her army ? It was a force, certainly, un disciplined in European tactics ; hut their ignor ance of scientific evolution was' in some measure compensated by their enthusiastic spirit and im petuous valour, as the armies of both Russia and Austria, on the Pruth and the Danube, have before now severely experienced. This savage strength of the empire the present Sultan has cut off, without supplying its place with any civilized and effective substitute. It is true he has got Chris tian officers, with the hope of organizing an army after the European fashion; but a mob is not to be moulded into an army in a day; and if the Sultan was unreflecting enough to go to war, his dominions might be over run before his new description of troops had learned their exercise. We thought at the time that he was precipitate in getting rid of the Janissaries in the sudden manner that he did; and we could not but entertain a suspicion, which subse quent events have tended to confirm, that the insi dious advice of Russian agents had induced hiM to take this foolish and desperate step. At that time the Sultan was praised in some of the Continental papers, to which probably Russian agents had also access, as a Sovereign of great capacity and enlight ened views, who was determined to eradicate the " barbarous institutions" of the country over which he ruled, and make Turkey fall in with the " march of mind." Those very papers describe him now as an unmitigated barbarian—governed only by his passio ns —incapable of any thing like an enlightened notion—and undeserving of :civilized treatment.— Morning Herald. CHARTER TO THE WRITERS TO THE SIGNLT.—This body, we are informed, has applied by pe tition to the Crown for a Royal Charter of Incorporation, which has been remitted to the Loan AnvocATx to report. A bill lately brought into the House of Peers was objected to by Lord ELDON and the Lord GIFFORD, and with drawn. Perhaps the respectability of this Society will be best consulted by abandoning all exclusive privileges, and decreasing the present enormous fees of admission into the certain accountants in Edin. some time ago, created some sensation ; but it was afterwards burgh Society. o r a A Royal o application ca Charter,tion so -auandoned. It is not im probable the application of the Writers to the Signet will meet with a similar result, as no such charter has been granted to any law.bocly in England........ Edinburgh Weekly Chronicle. . THE ARMY. ROYAL MILITARY COLLEGE. The examination of the Students at the Royal Military College, at Sandhurst, is appointed io take place on the 11th and 12th instant. The Junior Classes will be examined before the Coin - tnissioners this day, . nd the Senior Classes to-morrow. A Detachment belonging to the Ist Regiment of Dra goon Guards, arrived in town yesterday morning, from Piershill Barracks, and received orders to proceed this morning, for Leicester. A Detachment of the 14th Regiment of Infantry, ar rived in town yesterday morning, from Coventry, and received orders to embark this morning, on board a steam-vessel in the River, for Gravesend, on route to Up nor Castle. A Detachment of the 40th Regiment of Foot arrived in town yesterday from Coventry, and were ordered to em bark this morning, on board a steam-vessel in the River, for Gravesend on route to Chatham. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. LIVERPOOL. Sunn.av, Dze. 9.—High water 44 minutes past two o'clock. Wind S. to S.S.E.—Arrived the Sovereign, Nesfield, from St. John's, New Brunswick ; Regent, from Miramichi; Montezuma, West, from Philadelphia; Etna, Emerson, from Dublin; Roscoe, Knubly, from Demerara ; Shamrock, Montgomery, from Belfast. 1 ship, 1 brig, and 1 snow, off at 3. Sailed the John Jay, —, for New York ; Pacific, Crocker, for ditto ; Curler, ----, for ditto ' • Shan non, --, for Marseilles ; Palm, , for Jer sey ; Tuscarova, —, for Philadelphia ; Richard, -, for Trinidad ; and Royalist, for Charleston, Richmond, Crabtree, from Liverpool, at Petersburgh, North America. Wm. Brown, M'Kown, from ditto, at Philadelphia in 40 days. Delaware, Hamilton, is to sail from Savannah for Liver pool, December 1. HOLYHEAD. Dzc. EL—Wind lei. W. by W., fresh gale.—At ISO mi nutes past two p.m. the Montezuma, from Philadelphia for Liverpool, was off. Yesterday evening, until 11 p.m. it blew excessive hard, from the W.S.W. At midnight the gale had much abated, and shifted to W.N.W. No damage in the Pier. The Frances Peabody, Mark, from Mirarnichi, sailed the 18th November, in company with the Belmont, for Bideford. The Assadalea, from Liverpool, for Niramichi, was lost on the sth of November, on Pictou Island. The crew saved. The Sic Howard Douglas, Hughes, from Liverpool, for New York, was spoken the 18th of November, inlat. 43. deg. 33 min. long. 52 deg. 30 min. with loss of sails and short of provisions. She was supplied by the Marquis of Queensbury. _ . A sloop (name unknown) went down on Sunday near Kemlin. Crew drowned. A boat, with " Margaret and Mary of Newry" on her stern, has been driven on shore near Point Linas. EAST INDIA. The Brothers, Motley, from Batavia, has arrived at COMM ; sailed 9th of August, and from st. Helena, 16th of October. MAURITIUS, Auc.2s.—Arrived the Morning Star, Gibb, from London. The Sarah, Menders, was to sail for Lon don, Sept. 8. Passenger per Mary, from Sincapore—Mr. Sergeant. Passengers per Bengal Merchant, from Sincapore—Mr. Peru, Civil Service, Bencoolen, and two children ; Dr. and Mrs. Dempster. CARLISLE MAIL.—An Iriverleithen Corre spondent, in allusion to the complaint of " Despatch" ii..out the late arrival of the Carlisle Mail, states, that were the new road by Inverleithen completed, seven miles would be saved in the length of the line, and that the principal ob stacle to its completion is the want of a bridge at Tra quair. He suggests a subscription in Edinburgh for the bridge, which we- can tell him would not succeed.— Scotsman. On the 27th ult. at 12. 20. a.m. one of the Holyhead Government packets struck on the rocks at the back of the pier, the fog being so extremely dense fir:A the pier light could not be seen. By extraordinary exertions, by the help of casks and balks, she wag got eff with little damage.— Cambrian. DEVONPORT MECHANICS' INSTITUTE.- Last evening, Mr. I. ADAMS, of the Gas station, Millbay, delivered the first of a series of three lectures on the pro duction of gas to the members of this institution —Devoot port Telegraph. POTTERY MECHANICS' highly useful Institution is pursuing its tranquil scientific course. A human skeleton has been purchased for the use of the society ; it is a very perfect one, and will illustrate a eourse of lectures to be given by Mr. Davis, evirr oa .__ A working model of the steam engine has lkewise been i purchased for the use of the class in mecha nics, &c. ; and an orrery, a pair of globes, &c. Sec.—Pottery Gazelle. The name of the female alleged to have been educed by the Rev. Thomas MAGUIRE, P.P. of Innis magrath, is ANNE M'GARaAHAW, daughter of a middling innkeeper of that name, and of large family, in the county of Leitrim. She ;s a young woman of some personal attraction.—Morning Herald. At a public-house in this town a curious cir cumstance took place.—A man entered the room, and offered to sell knives cheap, and an Irishman said he would purchase. On this the seller went out and brought in a package, with a pattern knife outside, „received the money , and departed. The Irishman soon after proceeded to un wrap his purchase, when to his astonishment he found the gross of knives, as he supposed, nothing less than a piece of brick.—Sheffield Mercury, FORGERY.—We regret to state that the Ma gistrates of Sculcoates, have been occupied, during the put week, in investigating a charge of forgery of an extensive character. The individual implicated in the proceeding, it appears, has absconded, and is probably before this ti me beyond the reach of justice. We have heard that he for. merly carried on business in a town in Lincolnshire, but that of late he has resided in Hull. We have not heard the amount of these imputed forgeries.—Leeds Mercury. On Monday week two young men discovered in a ditch near Blake's Bridge, a bundle, which proved to be the body of a full grown male infant, sewed up in flannel, and tied up in part of a shawl. From the decomposition which had taken place, it was supposed to have been born upwards of a fortnight. No evidence being adduced, the Jury returned a verdict—Found in a ditch.—Berks Chronicle. The resurrectionists are very busy ip various parts of this district, and it requires uncommon vigilance to thwart them of their object. In one church-yard they arc obliged to maintain a constant guard of two or three persons. In another, where less vigilance, it would seem, is displayed , they had reached a grave, and, under the im pression that it was a recent one, they com menced opera tions, and succeeded in raising a coffin, which contain e d only a skeleton.— Glasgow Free Press. DREADFUL ACCIDENT IN CONSEQ UENCE OF FIRING A CANNON... 7 -0a Saturday night last, as three boys belonging to Dalkeith Foundrywere in the act of iring a cannon, it burst and struck one of them on the head with such violence as to fracture his skull, an d though me dical aid was promptly obtained it was of no avail. The poor boy lingered is great agony, and died on tht Monday night, about forty-eight hours after the melancholy acci dent happened. He was a fine boy, and almost the sole support of his aged mother.—Scotsman. ACCIDENT AT LIBBERTON.---011 Monday night, a body-suatcher was apprehended by the watchman of Libberton church-yard and his companion, in the act of opening a grave, and next day handed over to th e Sheriff. On the ensuing night several parishioners, who had been in town attending the precognition, assenibled in the watch house within the boundaries of the burying ground, to discuss the matter ; and so earnestly were they occupied in conversation, that it was not observed that one of them, HENRY PENNvceicx, had left the party. Shortly after wards he was followed by another, who, observing a dusky figure standing at the end of the watch-house, hastily re turned, and gave an alarm that another resurrection man was in the yard. Firmly impressed with this idea, he snatched up a loaded gun, ran to the door, and instantly levelled it at the supposed intruder, who pacifically said, Surely you'll not sh oo t me ?" but the words had scarcely escaped his lips cre he received the contents in his breast. It was vow,when too l ate , di scovere d t h at t h e un f or t unate man was PENNY cuicic ; and that a friend's life had been all but sa crificed instead of that of a sacrilegious deprechtor. Although PENNYCUicx's wound was considered dangerous, hopes were entertained of his recovery , -.Cakdonian Nercury. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL. —MichaeI Collins, a native of the Land of Song and Saints, was charged with a sanguinary assault upon the person of his 'aged mother. Dennis O'Keefe, a watchman, of St. Andrew's, Hol born, late on Saturday night, was called into the house by a little boy, who told him there was a man murdering his own mother. " I went into it with all speed," continued Dennis O'Keefe, " and when I came to the bottom of the stair, I looked up and saw what appeared to be the dead body of a woman, lying on the first landing, without sense or motion—for neither hand nor limb did it move at all. The people in the house wanted me to go up and seize the man that done it—and they said he was gone into his own, room ; but I didn't like to trust myself alone with such a murthering scoundrel, so I sent off to the watch-house for assistance. While waiting for it, I saw the prisoner come out of a side room on the landing, take up the woman that was lying there, and throw her vengeously down the stairs, and she fell at my feet, covered with blood. She came down from the very top to the bottom, her head and her back bumping against the stairs cruelly—so that she got enough to kill her then, if she didn't get anything before that ; and the landing, and the stairs, and the place at the bottom of the stairs, was all paddled in blood." A surgeon's certificate was here handed in, stating that the poor woman was in a very dangerous condition. The prisoner, a dark, ill-looking fellow, treated the mat ter with levity ; and when asked by the Alderman whether he wished to say any thing, he carelessly replied, " they haven't told you that my mother was dead drunk, and that she gave me the first blow." "If your mother was the most wicked wretch upon the face of the earth," rejoined Mr. Alderman WAITUMAN, "it would not justify you even in lifting your hand againt her." The ruffian was then committed to the Compter to wait tlit issue of his sanguinary violence. After the whole of the charges on the list had been dis posed of, a respectably-dressed man approached the table, and said he wished to obtain the Alderman's advice in a very distressing affair. His wife having robbed him of 1,2501., and absconded with a rascally slaughterer of horses ! . _ The applicant had been married to his faithless wife only three years at the time of her elopement, which took place seven weeks ago ; and the circumstance had so affected him diet he had been confined to his room, and almost constantly to his bed, ever since. Her paramour, the horse slaughterer, who had previously signalised himself by debauching another married woman, and afterwards abandoning her, was in the habit of frequenting a tavern in which the ap plicant sometimes spent an evening ; but how this horse slaughtering Giovanni became acquainted with the appli cant's wife did not appear. Some few weeks previous to her elopement he, the applicant, had 1,250/. by him in his house, in contemplation of a purchase he had at that time in view ; but, as that purchase had gone off, and he was going out a shooting with a friend, he directed his wife to vest the 1,2501. in stock, as it was a pity so much money should continue idle. When he returned from his shooting excursion, his wife told him she had done as he directed her ; and at the same time she handed him the papers relative to the investment ; which papers, without taking the trouble to examine, he desired her to place, with some others, in a private drawer; and she did so. But after she and her horse-slaughtering gal lant had eloped, he discovered that she had invested the stock in her own maiden name ; and, by making affidavit before the Lord Mayor that she had lost the receipt, she subsequently succeeded in getting the whole 1,2501. into her pocket again. Mr. Alderman WAITHMAN was of opinion that a Ma gistrate could not interfere; but he supposed the horse slaughterer might be punished by a suit in Doctors' Commons.. _ _ With this advice the poor deserted Benedict withdrew. BOW-STREET.—Yesterday Mr. Keen, one of the proprietors of the Reading coaches, applied for warrants against two watchmen, named Ashton and Lawrence, the former of whom he charged with a gross and unwar rantable assault, and the latter with aiding and assisting his companion. Mr. Keen, on Sunday morning, about half-past two o'clock, was proceeding, in company with a friend, along the Strand, and at the corner of Wellington-street, Wa terloo-bridge, they were accosted by a woman of the town, who asked them for a penny to cross the bridge. They accompanied the woman as far as the toll-gate, where they stopped foe a few minutes in conversation with her. A watchman, who proved to be the prisoner Lawrence, came up and desired the woman to move on. She made use of a very offensive expression, and passed through the toll gate, the complainant having paid a penny for her. The watchman threatened to follow and take her to the watch house, when the witness observed to him that he wanted to extort money. Upon which the woman repeated her abuse, and the watchman went upon the bridge and brought her back in custody. At this moment the pri soner Ashton, hearing a disturbauce, came running from the Strand, and Lawrence told him to take the witness and his friend into custody for creating a disturbance. Ashton immediately seised upon the witness, who endea voured to keep bins at arm's length, but the prisoner caught hold of his cravat, the knot of which he pulled with all his force, evidently with the intent of choking him, calliag oat " You are one of the thieves who come to this place every night:* The witness with great difficulty loosened the prisoner's hold of his neckcloth, who then seized him by the mouth in the most savage manner, the inside of which he lacerated with hit fingers. The complainant stated also, that the prisoner Ashton, while conveying him to the watch , house struck him repeatedly in the face with his stick, although he offered no resistance, whatever. Tibbutt, one of the toll-takers at Waterloo-bridge, who was on duty at the time, fully corroborated the com plainant's statement, and declared that the cenduat of Ash ten was the most brutal he had ever witnessed. A Mr. Docker, of Broad-court, stated that he was pass ing through the toll-gate, and witnessed the assault upon the complainant, who was bleeding at the mouth. The watchman of Waterloo-bridge gave testimony to the same effect. _ _ _ The prisoner's defence served but to confirm the charge against him, and Mr. HALLS told him to find good bail for the assault, and suspended him from his duty until a jury de cided upon the case. A more gross charge of ill-treatment had never been before him. As to Lawrence, who did not appear to have participated in the bad conduct of Ashton, although by no means free from censure, he should not be detained. The prisoner was then locked up for want of bail, and the complainant expressed his determination to prosecute him forthwith. John Young was charged by Grosemith, an officer of Union-hall, with being a returned transport. He was committed for trial. A notoriou s young thief, named Michael Russell, charged at this office, a short time ago with robbing a gentleman of his watch, the proof of which, however, could not be sub stantiated, was charg e d by Mr. Thomas Bennett, of No. 14, White Horse-yard, Drury-lane, with attempting to steal a piece of blue broad cloth, containing 25 yards, and value 101.—He was fully committed fer trial. MARYLEB ONE-OFFI CB. —Mr. Kent, j un. a stable keeper near Russell-sqnare, was charged with wilfully and wantonly upsetting a poor woman's basket in Tottenham court-road, on Saturday night, and destroying her fruit, a nd with assaulting her person. Mr. Kent not being able to refute the charge, was ordered to give the poor woman a sovereign for the pro puty he destroyed, and give bail to answer the charge of assault at the Sessions, or make her compensation. John Williamson, the constable of Acton, gave informa tion of a robbery committed on Saturday in the country house of Mr. Cox, the banker, near that village. The property lost consists of gold-mounted family snuff boxes, and plate from an upper room used as a school for the children, and the drawing-room : other valuable arti cles have not been meddled with. Mr. Ra wuNsow advised Williamson to eireulate hand bills, offering a reward of 201. for the apprehension of the thief, without losing a moment's time, and he would take the responsibility in Mr. Cox's absence. Accounts from Rio de Janeiro have been re ceived per the Venus, Capt. Dorey, arrived off G"ernseY e ; she brings no news; the exchange was somewha t on th rise, and is quoted at 3 4d. to 3 4 1 d. Thes e letters con tain nothing new relative to the war with Bneno"Yres. —The packet from England had not arrived at the above date. Goods were in good demand. Honduras Gazettes of the 22d of September have been received at the North and South American Coffee-house. From Guatemala we have advices to the 33d August. Affairs are going on the same as for so.ue time past. We k now t h at i n conse quence of the advance of Colonel MILLER, from Comaya,gua towards La Miguel, the Government of San Salvador despatched 500 men to attack him. The Guatemala troops, therefore, who were in St. Anna marched on the tOth inst. toward s San Sal vador. We are anxiouly waiting the result. A novel scene was presented in the West Church, Aberdeen, on Sunday morning, in consequence o f a girl, for her owu interest, publicly forbidding the banns of marriage betwssn a quondam lover of her own a nd mother femaN,,,adecktnian,gerc TS.° AUSTRIA AND THE GRAND ALLIANCE AGAINST TURKEY. Some of the newspapers are boldly speculating on the conduct of Austria in relation to the affairs of Greece and Turkey, and others kindly defending her. It is probable that, except with a very few indivi duals, the diplomatic measures of Austria fcr the last few months have been, and are now, as much a mat ter of conjecture, as is the future policy of that Go vernment, should the wounded pride or misplaced alarms of the Grand Seignor determine him to risk a war with one or more members of the European Alliance. From what appears upon the face of things,—and it may be as well to confine ourselves at present to appearances,—Austria, under the guidance of Prince Metteriich, felt from the outset of the Greek revolt, that the interests of legitimacy, even Turkish legitimacy, were those about which it be came a despotic Government to feel the most anxi ous concern. There seems from the whole context of the Aus trian policy, whether foreign or domestic, since 1115, to have been ene ruling and actuating pur pose at work in the breast of Francis 11. and his Minister—namely, that of crushing in every part of Europe the slightest gern of human liberty. It is no secret that the Greeks and their cause had not, four years ago, at Constantinople itself, more deadly enemies than in Vienna; nor need their be any disguise in asserting, that during the progress of the war, Turkey was, by the Austrian Court, as much encouraged in her efforts to overpower the Greek nation as during the negociation of the treaty of July 6 ; and since it became a public document, down to a very short tim e before the battle of Navarin, she was abetted in her repugnance to the provisions of that treaty, and in her refusal to be bound by it. The Porte was led to hope, it is believed, that the Allies meant only a demonstration to intimidate, her, or to satisfy the eagerness of large bodies of theirsubjects upon the question of protecting Greece; but that ere they could agree to act upon it, some natural sources of discord would be opened among themselves, and the treaty would remain a dead letter. There seems further ground to assume, that almost immediately before the action of Navarin, the Austrian Government found reason to he convinced of the positive resolution of the Allied Powers to follow up the treaty by corresponding measures of armed interference between Greece and Turkey. Then, indeed, and still more on receiving intelligence of the battle, the Ministers of Francis began to be sensible of their mistake. They pressed as strongly upon the Grand Seignor the necessity of immediate submission, as they ever had done the good policy of evasion and delay. If we could calculate with the same security the conduct of men under excited passions, as of those whose obvious interest is their only guide, it would be easy to predict the continuance of peace, pro vided that any degree of acquiescence on the part of Turkey could bribe the most powerful of her m th i e l t d a e r ys ig g n o l f i b E o n ur gl s a t n o d h in s e f r r a v m e i i n t . Sr g the u T re re w a e t y a . e f , j that 6, was not unfriendly to the Turkish empire. Mr. Canning, who planned the mission of the Duke of Wellington to St. Petersburgh, and his Grace, who there discussed the principles of the Treaty, and ap proved its objects, were incapable of promoting a measure which would have contemplated the aggran dizement of Russia at the expence of any other Eu ropean (whether or not a Christian) Power. The treaty was, and indeed was all but avowed to be, a project at once for improving the state of Greece, and for obviating, even on Russian princi ples, a movement of the assembled armies of Nicho las against the Northern frontier of Turkey. It is by no means probable, that the contracting parties in the treaty of intervention, overlooked the possibility of a rejection of their proposals by the Turkish Government. On the contrary, the mea sures consequent on such resistance are pointed out and stipulated by the Treaty. They amounted to an armistice de facto (that is, by force if necessary), between the belligerent parties, and the recognition Of Greece by Russia, France, and Great Britain. — The Allies knew that they held in their own hands the absolute power of defending Greece from the intrusion of a single Turkish regiment, or at least from its long continuance in that country, without the necessity of their operating any where but in the Levant itself ; and as the freedom of Greece was the declared end of the intervention, so the authority of that compact could not be adduced, to sanction mea sures which spread beyond its purview—such as a bombardment of Constantinople on one side, or on the other a transfer of the whole Turkish empire in Europe, to Russia, or any other potentate. If, therefore, there be nothing in the treaty of London to justify the dismemberment of Turkey by an invasion of her northern frontier, let us ask, is there any thing in common sense or sound policy to excuse Great Britain and the French Government for tamely witnessing or permitting so awful a con summation ? This question it is sufficient to propose, and to leave the task of answering it for others. But there are speculations rather broadly made upon the part which Austria is likely to perform amidst the contingencies of the expected crisis. Will she resist an invasion of Turkey, or is she to promote, and, as in the case of Poland, to profit by it ? It has been asserted that Austria was anxious,from the beginning, to reconcile the Turks to those pro positions of the Allied Governments which were in tended to settle all subjects of dispute between them. Yet it is likewise affirmed, that a treaty of partition, of which Turkey was to be the victim, had long been signed between Prince Metternich and Russia, as signing to each of the Imperial Courts its share of the infidel plunder. Both accounts are not likely to be true. Austria may—we deal now with possibilities, not alleging facts—she may have incited th e T ur k s t o resist, for the sake of affording s om e p re t ence to Rus sia to begin the work of spoliation. But then, would she at last have urged the Porte to submission? And would there be any thing like consistency in such a course ? No; unless she knew that her seeming change of counsel was too late. As for the part which Austria will take, it must depend north, upon her own calculation of her intere sts,as c ompared with her resources. would lihe b first obj ect to repe l b tehe Russiansyond sIl questionfurthe with ithus further east, than their, actual position within a few days' march of Vienn a. But if too weak to effect the repulse of Russia, or even to p revent b er f ur th e r strides to the south and west of the Danube, what is the policy . of Austria ? Why, undoubtedly, to stipulate for so much of T ur k ey as s h a ll sa ve her Hungarian territory from being enveloped on all sides by Russia, as it now Is on the east and on the north. Documents have been placed in our hands which go to prove a degree of w ea k ness i n th e A us t r i a n mo narchy but little contemplated by the bulk bf politi cal observers. Perhaps, if these accounts be true, there i s no Power in Europe less consolidated; be cause, except in the Archduchy of Austria itself, there is no Government so detested : Hurgary, Ga licia, Bohemia, the Tyrol, (the once devoted Ty rol), and Italy,—in one and all of these extensive dominions, but more particularly the first and the last, the Court of which Prince Metternich is the ruler was besieged by loud and incessant complaints while any hope remained that they would be listened to, but has since been menaced by deep and despe rate resentments. The exclusive object of the Court of Austria, since by the gallant exertions of its peo ple it was raised from under the chariot wheels of Buonaparte, has been to make the same unhappy people regard itself as fu . nctus officio, and to reduce it to a condition more vile than that from which its ungrateful master was rescued by its sufferings and blood.—Times. The spire of the parish church of Davenham, Cheshire, is now being taken down. It was c onsidered dangerous and unsafe, and is to be immediately re-built. — Tile admirers of the picturesque will be glad to bear of its re-erection, fer it has for many ages formed a beautiful and prominent feature in the fine scenery of that neighbour oecl, .4.4 0 P 0 91 Crier. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS. LONDON DIARY.,---.TITURSDAY, Drcsmars (At the Court of Commissioners.). Prosser, W. jun., Watling-street .................. COUNTRY DlARY.—TnuasnAc, DEC. 1 3 ' Abbott, J., Bristol—Commercial rooms, Bristol•••••• Bailey, J., Iforncastle.---George, Horneastlo .... . .... Pasheller, C. and Co., Huntingdon—George, Mil t ' II tingdon ............................................ Richardson, J. jun., Sprowston—White Lion, No' 1 1 with .............................................. Riding, W., Liverpool—Clarendon Buildings, Liver pool ...................................................... Rooke, J., Sheffield—Messrs. Tattershall, Sheffield•••• Turner, J., Manchester—Clarendon Buildings; tl" "Tool .. . . .................................. Willerton, R., Bolingbroke—George, Horncastle Wilson, E. and Co., Methley, York—Seaiol 3l frb enseo Wakefield . •••••.• ..... Wilson, T., Methley—Sessions-house, Wakefield AB ANSOLVENTS APPLYING TO BE DISCII O I p$ Petitions to be heard at Portugal-st. Lincobss-102 Dee. 13, at Nine o'clock. Bennett, G., Lisson Grove, butcher Bloe, T., Shire-lane, Temple-bar, broker Brackley, D., Walworth, coach-master Bradbury, J., Commercial-road, grocer Chance, .1., Homer-street, Maryleboue, ebanatec Codey, G., Great Wild-street, cooper Cooper, J., Newington, bedstead maker Dodd, J., Marylebene-lane, tailor Easterfield, T., Golden-lane, stationer Eastwood, W., Regent-street, butcher Holtum, W., Peckham, wheelwright Lentz, 13., Chelsea, music-teacher Al 4 Carthy, J., Lambeth, Excise officer Rowe, A., Chelsea,. surgeon Turner, J., Lambeth, boot maker LEATHER. (5. 1 Per 11). Tanned Horse Inue" 21 BFtaish Ditto 17 Per dozen. jff 19 Calf Skina...2l6 to 4011 N at 15} Ditto 50 to lOW. 18j Ditto 70 to 201b- 1 9 20j Small Se4____.4Cheie,ilen°, LONDON MARKETS. PRICE Or BREAD. The highest price of Bread in th e Metro& ltd , is V Mb. Loaf. There are others who sell from 30. to IP" that price. WHITECHAPEL HA/ rot AltKE'f.-4: 01 ', pz. Od. to Psi. Od. I Clorer Od. to 34.1.•06.- 10. PRICES OF HOPS (per Cvvt,)—+DeO• to v.. , cv , Bent Pockets 41. Sussex Ditto Emox Ditto Farnham Ditto, Fine Seconds 10i. . . 4 ' 4 " bi• 41 41. 1 000 71. los." /1. „f* 0!. os. 31.12 a. 4/. , t n ° 54. 3/. *. 1 N... 40 , 31. 10g. 41. 46' to Kent !dap tillB3CX Di Essex Dit 0 PRICE OF OIL. Rape Oil, brown 331. 6 , . Refined 0 0 Linseed Oil - IS • Linseed Oil Cake at the . kill, per thousand ....... , •••••"_ .O , Rape Cake, per ton.. Kidneys-- Scotch Reds. Marsh Chain; Oznoblee an PRICE OF POTATOES.—Dec. 10. t o. 3/. 10s. to 41. 01 ' to• 31. 10s. to 41. . 1 9 6 . ( lon. ~ 31. 15s. to 41. uto. 2/. 10s. to 31. 38. Shaws PRICES OF Per lb. • dt to cL to Mb.— 204 e 24 Ditt0...,.-60 to Mb.— 224 234 Dressing 121 - Fine Coach Hides 17 Crop Hided, 35 to 401 b. 14 to 50th. 164 Ditto 184 - - • RW S. Per Stone. 5. d. tAo diHIDE Per St °na bps y ti 0 app. 13efit Heifers& Steers it 0 S 0 Ordinary .....••••••••••••'"' 0 6 210 Market SHEEPN& Is. Sd. to 26. 11. I S La mb. ..-- 0 1 . oito Polled 3s. Od. to 4s. COAL MAR. Adair's Beaumont - 33 3 Charlotte 34 6 Earsdon - 33 3 Eighton Main 31 6 Eighton Moor 32 6. Telling 33 6 Heaton 37 6 34 6 Killingworth 36 3 Liddell's 33 0 Nerrburn Ord's Redhugh —3l 9 Pelaw Pontop Windsor-- 33 0 Tantield Moor-- :e1 6 35 0 Wylam - 34 6 Walls End Bell and Co. 36 6 Ditto Bell Robson & Co. 36 3 Ditto Bewieke and Co.— 38 6 Ditto 35 6 Ditto Burraten 36 3 stupti at tua,ket, CET.—Doe. $ ll 4 - Walls End lire -- " g 9 Ditto Carr and L , "7,,,, „, 0 Ditto Hilda 0 Ditto Hotspur : 6 Ditto Northumber- - _, * Ditto Peareth 31 6 Ditto Russell's 9 1 DittoNralker ga , Ditto Nutt 0 I Hatton's small fi • Londonderry 0 • lambton small Tanfield " o Ellison small # $s Hartley 5), 6 Eden Main r, 0 Fawcett " Nesham :P A 9 Walls End Hettolk''' 9 W 91 alls Bad Lam Ditto Lyons.,*•••••"::„.1, 1 % 0 Ditto Stewart's 4 sokl, 07k—..-11° IRISH MA: DUBLIN MARKET NO .RKETS. 'E._Fsi „ OAY P” , . 4 6- 5 30 0 I 9 5 J 3 0 15 1$ 18 0 a 6 10 1 0 qg 0 1$ 14 From 1,868 Wheat, per barrel 20 stone 22 -- " o 456 Bete. l6 stone 12 0 246 16 stone 14 a 6,681 Oats _ l4 stone 9 0 12,207 Cwt. 9 stone 5 0 489 Oatmeal 11 stone 10 0 Sold to Bakers only. 9,841 Cwt. Flour A v erage price of Wheat an, Sales ßece of p i Thirds PRICE OF of Flour. 2 r. 1 12 0: Firsts, 544 i Second 7}4d. .1 14 0 1 Lel Flour 38s p a r,* f f r r o o l i fro] BREAD. Half-quart, Quartern Wheat, per barrel 20 stone. Barley. per barrel 16 stone. Oats. per barrel 14 stone. 1 9.2 I ,oi , 44. re to 0. Cork Limerick Waterford Clonmel Belfast,. Derry ... Carlow I. d. a s. d. 21 0-25 0 22 6-23 4 22 0-24 0 250 00 22 6- 23 9 00— 00 220 00 0 0— 00 s . (J. a s. d.l 10 0-16 6 102-- 00 12 6-17 0 12 0- 0 0 12 0-14 0 12 8- 0 0 120- 00 00- 00 Ist. Ji Beef, Mutton, per lb. per lb. a d. d. a 3 —5 " 3 4 — 5 4 3 ..-4' 3 —4l 4 —5l —0 6 —0 6 —0 5 —0 5 —0 0 —0 0 —0 .00-. (I.s y l l g . 0 , , 00 G'. 1 ill °-- 0 0 '" 0 VI 0 0 " 4 0 V, Cork .—.--I Limerick., Waterford Clonmel elfast -- Lierry .--- Carlow.-- Tralee —..., s. d. as. d. s. d $ l . l- 9 0-11 5 15 6 " - Z,15 0 9 9 0 0 1 4 v -- „ _.15 6 90— gl5 u-- 16 0 12 ° -- 01 11 0— 0 0 20 fr --. 11 1-12 9 0 9 0.... 0 00 o 0-o0 Pork, fl , 1 per cwt. Ist. 2 d. ...---- ........ -- s. d. a s . d. s. d. s. d . 26 0-28 0180 0 78 0 22 0-26 0182 0 76 0 27 0-32 6 82 0 80 0 00— O7B 74 0 00— OOB 00. 0 0 0 0 23 0— 00Q00860 0 0— 0 0 80 0 74 0 64 frbyy f o , KILKENNY MARKET, Dec. 7...—Butter, 86e- 4114 per cwt. ; Bacon Pi g s, 28s. to 30s. pet:ditto; pi, 9s. ; Flour , Ils. to 30s. per bag; Beef and motto to 51. per lb . ; Potatoes, 2 d. 2id. per atone ; ,) 20s. to 235. per barrel ; Is. 2d. per cwt. Barley, 9s. to 140. ; 7 SCOTCH ZIARKETS. N'Reat. 1 Barley. Aberdeen —.... 22 32 22 wz 3° Berwick—..—. 28 34 20 Coldstream 34 37 222 22 Cupar 26 31 r, 2 2 - Dundee.— 21 31 23 Elgin 26 28 I nverness....... 28 30 28 31 Kelso 30 -33 19 23 27 32 Kirkaldy— 30 32 Pe A rt t h erwi 32 20 '24 price is given per quarter. The oti Oatmeal, which is per sack of 28011 (2'4oldstream, Kelso 16 2 ° 16 19 17 1 9 18 20 18 19 20 21 22 25 15 18 22 21: 15 18 and Whe ler prices Beans. 10 . 5 26 28 15 - 18 126 2 - t 3 24 i i eet !at at A , are pet ~.,L;;„;0, BIRTH. , . . or , 1 On the 28th alt., at Ealing, the wife of Liett l . :2 only son of the Prince of Peace, to 3 i 6. ,101 Murray, of a daughter. at Paris, Manuel Godolt 040, _ .i . i' ca o ,te n n t e h fi e ei, 29th nit., MARRIED. O r daughter of the late L. Crowe, of Stephen's Gilfo l .4 l Esq. ; after the ceremon) the happy couple bet th e 1 Issr country seat, Chateau de }lontigny, to s pend A j os moon. to FAt Thomas Tilson, ju n . Esq., of Coleman-stress, -➢ d a only daughter of William Sbadbolt, Esq., r if, common. f rs a ; l Y / On the 27th ult., by the Rev. RAard Dill, P ic A , Esq. M.D., Newtown-Limavady, to Margar e ,Z, daughter of the late Alderman Thos. Leeky, 1 -° ° " 0 DIED. sg d 04 ' On the 4th instant, at Carlow, in Ireland, t 1 0 , Jane, wife of the Rev. G. Vernon, rect or of thgfriet, sincerely beloved and lamented by her family an d ° f Il On the 4th instant, at Woolwich, Jane , A. 0. Moleeworth, Royal Artillery. rie On the 9th instant, on the Marine-parader 110.0'd Susanna Maria, wife of John Paine Berjew, FAT t bs r On the Sth instant, at Southover, Lewes, '0 year of his age, Joseph Arnold Wallinger, E g g gfi r Ou the Sth instant, suddenly, at his brother's r 0 4 Cheshunt, Herts , Mr. Habgood Yorke, aged 22 ' , le/ On the 9th inst., suddenly, in Albemarle-strisl J )io been for some time in a precarious s tate of bealP;fl/ Admiral Percy Fraser, many Yes" C°nlin i " i°ll / / , Majesty's Navy. He was the son of the b r 'llifi Fraser, Esq., thirty years Under Secretary cf_ A tiV his Lady is the eldest sister of the present VII - rington. Pitt W " - Pususimn by 4 it itni Om:14 Na. 1 P) 6" Xoy AL tiosp SUCH Pe , TR ACT f LINEN_Diu Qle y. Year ; TAK-T ' tm- w o y ears TIN, copy] 124;initi a : e p i t h e t:4 4 e ) ere d'U t F -0-re init u niT , l i : v e CY e d e a Sli tt i Ir ne eae ffi o s a t tE i : i i ir t nre Vice ~Qiv 47erade whic h° 1 ) 0 ::e n :: n Y1 1 I° t s sPa i I : n o b eff : rad l ej e cnr e j : 4l' a ab o y ° r 4 " Tender' 41, otherwise TO BRIO NOTICE ' o IKE ROAD: t LA YERS' jui ~ and on the on. A Acme, upon app• ite PartieUliir% ; Al etr 22, lA. °Poli itehap. 116 ANT] PR EI4 tlev e , a t ad . 4 RATO L Unea ‘vi irtte rs meet addr e 1 $E SI ` 3l. th e VATIC Lit / 0 011 at M eta t to an rof Reword i 0 BE Wail ed pearl Garden: ar e 4. 00 *,000 Pot rurthd (rot - 4 111 Webb T er 6... ; —dr ASYLU] Sir 3 The aster H °fl oUrE h n ,„ eYnol At Joh n ' 4 eo kr ali - 1 s k-9t. G . arri Georg R. ( Th e c with lowest F0 R 1 44, r EIGN :4 1 alleys at data. need EGN.>t_ (ipp, 1.1 1 ,, tt 4 aligh t liealtCf the etheror Ylelterpr Thi i 4 t ay w as Aeol, L ate vt,1411 L oridot '%l f or I . >\ 4 (1 : tier, violet, 14 01 4 L A T k he GOO Cont ios Ger man "9 situation tuatiou of -.ol'y of cord Cotnui gl b 'i "Y of '' d iribu • 44(1 Gr een °l' XI an I. , rri4 ted I Lond on Pith 4 By sher ß be elesiroui actions, at man and This day T HE RE ANNA L Printed f A LE( Miscellany 111 Em 0 133' Lu MEm, F IRST. 11. 18. Lot hIo GRA. Tilly day TILL L' I ( iveg, l) c h . suns of This Iv been brow new ►natt of the trio extant; degree of Printed M OR ' lountin;