The Sun. — London, England, 1856-02-04 00:00:00

_: • , . ~ .. _ Tll X 1 iltr X id 0141/ 0 Fir IV OIV Oft 'it ElnitillNG FE.fillUAitY 4 1860. $ $ $ Sec s o t rid ._ . . _ . . . - . -- vessel with a supply of salt meat, before that which , had i the Leepector•General, and had been especially point e d ou t • cenie s of the winter navigation and the delays caused. by ; vvill begin to fall off after the month of October, unless straw. prior to that date. There appears always to have . THE BRITISH ARMY IN THE CRIMEA. been obtained from the navy was issued, relieved the Corn- in those Which he transmitted to the Adjutant-General for the use of Balaklava as the por of the army. ' , arrangements are made by the Commissariat to have them been enough of barley in store or in the harbour, though Country Markets. . --___.___ missary-General from the anxiety which he had previously the months of November and . December. In these h e an ti. “ All of these circumstances, doubtless, increased the I properly fed and kept in condition. Such arrangements, there was occasionally much difficulty in getting at it, Tota ri l -.-....aa--__ cipates the speedy arrival of a supply that would admit of difficulty of bringing forward a sufficient number of cattle; instead of increasing the cost of the meat, would, probably, owing to the crowded state of the shipping, and it was at , ' felt upon that subject. . .A.D ua DI . NGTON CORN MARKET-Fn. 1 ' • oet ° We publish this day the first report of Sir John IWNeill " SHORT RATIONS. the issue generally to the troops of what they so much but, looking to the ameent of sea transport at his command produce a considerable saving ; for the oxen, if SO attended all times difficult to find conveyance for it to any conside r . 1 - ciedi , D c re n s r i h n a g v t e h b e e g e r n e a e t st s a c b a l r i c s h i t e y d 0 . and Colonel Tulloch, the commissioners sent out last e Th e ev id ence of the commanding officers and quarter- needed. Yet from the 10th of December, the limejuice after the 11th of December, when the sailing horse-trans- to, would yield nearly double the quantity, and of better able distance. Th e h a an d str aw beg a n t o fail abo u t th e ' F ir wrceete. BAILEY OATS. , 9 , year by Lord Panmure to inquire into the state of the masters showed what indeed was admitted by the Commis" br o ug h t hy the Esir was lying in the commissariat stores at ports were placed at his disposal, for another purpose to quality. eVe anticipate no difficulty in maintaining, or, 14th of November, afte y r the gale in which so many vessels ; 71s 8d 37s 8d 29s s‘i . 4 ? army in the Crimea. sariat, that en several occasions, especially in the month Balaklava, and none of it was issued till the first week in which they were not applied, and could haeo been made if necessary, in largely increasing, the supplies of cattle, wore . lost off the coast ; prior to that date no serious defi- Thi r d i a g mr ! nt l ts 4 se t eo h mf o t t how N hr o a v i vs e se n u t he s h e e .e t h • a Ti n hh d eh l fe ° s a t : al y o:f et h c hh T n e a a y n de a u a tm a n : r d e y b 6iis Od 3ls Od 24s 6d e''' , t The late hou r a t w hi c h th e re p or t h as r e ac h e d u 3 pre- of December, some of the dirisiOns did not receive full Fobru cry, an interval during which the sufferines of the available for the conveyance of cattle, in addition to the and also of vegetables, from the Turkish provinces. , de s t ti s r i le a ene w tuc , l uet b yi 11: e or ea t ns w i et e t ehh e a n ee. 60 4, vents US fr om d o i ng more th an t o e n t rea t th e care f u l a t- ra ti ons , F o r the purpose of ascertaining the precise amount army I. rore scurvy were probably at their height. Had steam vessels already at his disposal, and, considering the "BAT HORSES AND MULES. q ntity of wheat in market, 673 gra, i - , 61 0 tention of our readers to the facts stated with judicial of these deficiencies retu rns were ca ll e d f or f rom eac h the General Commandin been informed of the arrival vicinity of Samsoon and other ports on the southern shore " The most disastrous . of the deficiencies to which we have fl. 1, barley 1 9 499 qrs., at , s I, 11 oats 4e5 qrs., gig ' ,t calmn ess by th e commissioners. They corroborate in corps, but in many cases, owing to the difficulty exPe' a tha.t supply, it cannot g be doubted that it would have of the Black Sea; where cattl e - co u ld no t on ly h ave e e „ t rienced in keeping or preserving records of any kind, the been Issued to that part of the army which most required procured, but were actually tendered to him in December referred was the deficiency of the land transport. This Quartermasters in regard to furnishing any accurate state- I " " beans I, every particular-where, indeed, they do not exceed n regimental officers were unable to vouch for the accuracy it nearly two months earlier. and rejected, we are forced to the conclusion that the was not confined to the transport more properly belong AVERAGES PEA IMPEZIAL QUARTRR. .. 1; force of statement-the letters of our correspondents ; of the details. An abetract fth s however "It is somewhat remarkable that the regulations re- Commissary-General was not then sufficiently alive to the o ese returns ha , , . . . . to the Commissariat, but extended also to the public and regimental bat animals, there being no other means of trans- ! Wheat, 3/. 11 8 o.l2ths I B ley lt. 17 1 t i' they utterly disprove the charges of " exaggeration" been printed in the Appendix. quire the issue of limejuice to troops on board ship, when importance of that article of food ; and that the quantity 1 b • h ' private bat anima s, the former mpg sue as, previous to pert. It was often late before they reached Belaklava, and Oate, ... 11. 9' 8 • ar t ' ... 1 ' 9.- 1 Beans, ..... 24 1 0 Which have been so frequently and so glibly made, and "It appears that in the Caval r y and Ist Divisions, and salt meat is issued for a certain number of days but that might hay, been considerably increased during the months the formation of the Land Transport Corps, were provided they were in so weak a state that the men sent with them 4) -12ths demonstrate, indeed, that nO language could adequately in the 2d Brigade, 2(1 Division, the deficiencies were merely there is not any similar provision for the prolection of of December January, and February, if proper measures by the Commissariat, aud handed over to each corps in could only venture to carry up a portion of the forage due ; , _ DALKEITH GRAIN MARKET-JAN. S l ' ef describe the sufferings of the army or the imbecility to fractional; and that even in the Third Division and the Ist troops on shore, though the necessity may be equally had been taken for that purpose. The time is nut very re- regulated proportions for the carriage of the fide e ni - (1 •P what was left behind would probably be considered by the i , DO' , which they may flor the most part be traced :- Brigade, 2d Division, where they were somewhat greater, urgent, as it has been in the Crimea, and would be in a mote when armies depended upon sailing vessels for all the went, the latter being the private property of ths officers, Quartermaster a short issue, while the Commissariat officer "z rfl * Best. Current. 40 6 ' they were not su c h as cou ld , i n or di nar y c ircumstances, ma. fortress that was invested or blockaded. It appears to us, supplies transported by sea, bat the Commissary-General who are, however, authorised to draw rations for them. would, perhaps, hold that he had male an issue in full. ! 3e4 Wheat 75s ea ~,, " FIRST REPORT. terially affect the health of the troops. after careful consideration of the facts that have come te was deterred from using such vessels for the conveyance ef Public bat animals appear to have been provided for such It is admitted on all hands, that there was • ' 1106 Oats great irregu- i „ e , 32s Od er' 00s Od ... ...... 2 g: : “ Constantinople. June 10, 1855. "In the 4th and Li g ht Di v i s i o ns the deficienciee in the uur knowledge, that it would be expedient, whenever salt cattle by what he describes as the ' frightful' proportion of corps as weie in Bulgaria, and mott of the officers of those larity in the arrangements at that time, which we hpe! 1 " t ' a ' ne •Y '-39a 6d oos Od ......... ta " My Lord-We have the honour te report that, in pur rations were not only greater in amount, but also much meat is issued to troops, to assimilate their diet to that casualties. This does not appear to us is be a sufficient rea- corps also provided themselves ; but when the army eel- will be considered a sufficient reason for our not attem ( 4- i 32 Peas & beans 504 Od oos Od ......... •'.- suance of your lordship's instructions, sve set out from more continuous. In those divisions the men were fre- which is used so sucoessfully in the navy. This has beau son. 3,000 additional bullocks, in the three months above- barked for the Crimea nearly all of both deteriptions were left, ing to enter into any details of the deficiencies at that _a_ London on the 23c1 of February, and arrived at Constan- quently on three- quar ters, two-thirds, and sometimes on strongly recommended by several officers, and especially mentioned, would, on the average, have given the whole behind, and it was not till the end of October that about period. It may sullies to state that they must have been ABEB , DEEN-FEB. 1. tinople on the 6tle of March. We proceeded at once to half rations et meat and of rum ; on two occasions they by Dr. Walsh, the naval surgeon ia charge of the marines army fresh meat every alternate day; and we cannot per- half the regulated number was landed in the Crimea. A very considerable indeed, and, coupled with ex osure, biti Scutari, and having visited the barrack and general hos had only quart er ra ti on s, and en one day they had none tit on shore who states, in his evidence, that during a ser- suede ourselves that three or four of the sailing horse- second and smaller detachment an ived in January, but by were no cloabt the cause of very heavy loss and inefficFenc * Potato oats 25s Od to 26s Cd I on o per pitals, examined the purveyor and principal medical offi all. In the oth e r itengi the - defaloations were not very i ni . v i ce o f It'e years h e h as never seen scurvy in the navy. 1 traimports could aot have landed that number in three that time a great part of those received in Octeber were There is one case, however from which (well serious Li- Comneon oats 22s Od to 238 Od e car. As the condition and arrangements of those hospi portaut except in rice of which the Fourth Division di d " FRESH AND PRESERVED VEGETABLES. months, in addition to all that were brought by steam yes- dead, or no longer effective, and, in consequence of the eon- sequences have arisen that it requires some special notice Bero 34s Od to 35s Od 1 531 be 152 qrs., 1 tals have been the subjects of a separate inquiry and not get any f or th e e rs 't 10 d a y s i n January, nor for three " The health of the army also suffered from a deficiency ' sels, chiefly from the Bosphorus. If there was difficulty in tinned deficiency of forage, and the exposure and fatigue, • Barley 34s Od to 35s Od report, we shall not tremble your lordship with any de most of those received in January stewed the same fate. " WANT OF FORAGE IN LIGHT CAVALRY BBIGIADE. - Wheat, red (spring)e2s Od to 663 Od t 62 te s or . other days in that month, while a brigade of the Li g let o f f res h or preaerved vegetables. Lord Raglan seems to 1 bringiug the additional cattle alive, they raight have been tails in regard to them. Division received for Bii daYa in that month only half te te h ave b eea urgent to supply this deficiency ; but it ap- I slaughtered, and at that season of the year the meat might When the Coramiesariat transport failed, this deficiency " The Light Cavalry Brigade, which had for some time „ - white 703 Od to 74s Od f " The information which we obtained at Scutari and at pears that, according to the regulations, vegetables do not have been carried without much loss. In short, it appears of regimental transport, which otherwise would have been previously been stationed in the valley adjacent to 13a- Oatmeal usual quantity. Constantinople was of great importance to oar future pro- t. weth reference to the probable effects of such deficion- constitute a part of the soldiers' ratioes, and it is there- to us that fresh meat, in much larger quantities, might of comparatively little morne.nt fe a standing camp, was laklava, was removed, first to the viciuity of head•quarters, Flour 60s Od to -s Od per seek. 19s Ocl to 20. Od per boll. ceedings. We ascertained thst the sick arriving from the cies, it may be proper to state that, prior to December, fore no part of the ordinary duty of the Commissariat to have been, B,nd ought to have been, supplied to the army. severely felt. for two or three days, and thereafter, on the lat or 2d of PBOVISION MARKET. 11 /4 Crimea were nearly all suffering from diseases chiefly at " LAND TEANSPORT. November, to Inkermau, where it was stationed near the Beef, per lb iOd tst it 4ed to eld I Butter, p lb. Os - , te te A t 1850, the ration of salt pork, then issued twice a-week to issue, or even to provide them. This arrangement, which " The common belief that, in the navy, the seamen are tributable to diet, and that the food supplied te the army th e British troops on several foreign stations, was only leaves the soldier to Purchase vegetables in the market, fed upon salt meat and biscuit, may, perhaps, have misled " All the witnesses examined upon the subject are of Windmill, a distance of at least seven or eight miles from Mutton, per lb 6d to Bcl 1 Eggs, p doz. Os 9 " 4‘ r • during the winter, consisting principally of salt meat and 12 oz with 11b. of beef, fresh or salt, on the other: five may be an advantage to him where such a mark e t ex i s t s , persons who did not sufficiently attend to the precautions opinion that the duties which the men had to perform Balaklava. This change at a time when tho roads were in Veal, per lb 'biscuit, with a very insufficient proportion of vegetables, dys 'and that, prior to 1837, the ration of pork wee only but it is obviously inapplicable where, as in the Crime a , which it has been found necessary to adopt in that branch t w h e a e n , t th h e ey ref e e o r u e l , d e b f e t a h r e , u w t i m th o o e u t t h i c u p j under arum in the trenches, and en pickete and guarde, iu- an extremely bad state, and when there was great difti- Pork, per 5t...53 9d to 6s 0(1 Chickenado.2ll 6 „, a a ,' - • es ,71 6d to 9d Hens, p pair 3s Otj m t4 es te l ) wee calculated, in the circumstances in which the troops 9o a z. ' on three days in the week, with 11b. of beef, fresh or there was none. The first attempts to import green m e ga. of the service, for the purpose of insuring variety of diet, volved an amount oflabonr and exposure as great or greater culty in obtaining the means of transport, created very , Salmon, per lb ......0s to Os Ducks, do., Os oe ''s r y ten t c o e t t h h e e i t r t h h e e a y lt e e h . eul l a t s t e a rti t i l s . obstacles to a proper supply of forage being ote Grouse, per brace .... ..Osto Os DucklingadoOs ee, fe et e l nd te 0 Ol were placed, to produce these diseases. salt, on the other four days, which is less than the aventee tables were not successful, and some time elapsed before and of counteracting the effects of a diet consisting of the "It was, therefore, evidently desirable to increase the quantity actually issued, even in those divisions in which the defects in the arrangements could be so f a r reme di e d t wo articles in question. It is also right to keep in view n o; Tallow, p stone, 489 d to 5s Od Turkeys, each4s ta t'a w o g ; t supplies of fresh meat and vegetables and to substitute the deficiencies were greatest. On those stationt, however, ae to secure a regular supply. In the meantime scurvy in that we are judging after the event, vrhen the importance be saved all additional labour and exposure. but, owing to "It is alleged by Dogaity-Assistant-Commissary-General Potatoes, pr peck, 6d to 7d Geese, do., ds rai tee ! I fresh bread for biscitit. On this subjec i t we had the advan- in addition to 11b. of soft bread, the troops had at all times its ordlnarY form, and scorbutic diseases in various forms of a sufficient supply of fresh meat has been proved, though the deficiency of laud tranoport, they had to perform a Crooksha,nks that there was a certain quantity of hay at Butter for exportation (present cure) per cwt. 0 ••• 0 3 te e tage of a coaversation with Dr. Sutherland, ef the Sanitary either 4oz. of rice or half-a. •t f •I b • h . h extended raPidlY, till in several regiments hardly a man not by any means for the first time, by the consequences pin o peas dm y, endes wic term) amount of the work that ought to have been done by Balaklava, but not the means of carrying it to the front ; Eggs, wholesale price, per dozen ... .. ' - ea..... ...... . Commission, who confittated, from the results of his profes- a portion of their pay was expended in' purchasing yoga- was free from the taint. resulting from the want dia . horses and mules. The roads, or tracks, were to deep in occasionally he managed to bring up a little till the 14th Pli s t i o oi t e A t a tl e i c n a v:Vgations, the information we had obtained as tables in the market, whereas in the Crimea, during the " The advantages attending the use of preserved and " IMPORTANCE OF FRESH MEAT. mud that the journey which tho men had to perform from of November wh ‘ , en the supply failed entirely. .After that RETAIL PRICES. 00 tO //1 01 f the prevailing diseases, and entirely con- greater part of Novembe r an d December, and also in a compressed vegetables, more especially when the army is " Wherever large armie B have been collected a tendency the camp on the height, to Bela.klava and back, carrying date the want of transport affected the supply of barley Flour -s Od to 3s 2d Barley flour, 141 b. 0 0 0 1 curred in the necessity of substituting fresh meat for salt, great measure du •gJa a y and part of February, the i n m o tion, aro so great and obvious and the men hav e to diseases of the bowels has been manifested. Those are t . w upra ions, arm clothing, huts, or ammunition, frequently also, which on several days did not exceed from lelb. to Oatmeal,l4lb. Os Od to 2s Od , dust, ........ ° s e tet and fresh bread for biscuit, as well of increasing the supply soldier was confia n re an ' r- te 't • ddt• t w become se well acquainted with'the manner of using emphatically the diseases of the camp, and it is of the xclusively to 'sem in a i ion o no ... • occupied 12 hours during the whole of which time they 21b. daily per horse, being all that they had to keep them Beremeal ....Os Od to 18 10d , peril) ......... 2. of fresh or preserved vegetables. Colonel Talloch had sc. his salt ra( at. them, and relish them so fully, that we venture strongly utmost importance that every precaution should be taken were without food', shelter, or rest-unless standing in deep alive. The returns of one of the regiments show that, for Peasemeal... Os Od to 28 1 d Sid ' s, ....................... (mired experience in such matters from having been chiefly The French troo s • • d tel h d ,itis un ers oo , a only 12oz. of to recommend that they should be re,gularly issued to the to counteract that tendency. But experience has proved mud, drenched and cold, iustead. of struggling through it, the last four days they were on the ground, the average 4-Ib. 10af...10c1. 2-Ib. 10af...5d. instrumental in providing a supply of fresh bread for his beef, or 10oz. of p l e ) rk daily when salt meaa was issued ; troops, when fresh vegetables, in sufficient quantityand in on many former, and some comparatively recent occasions, can be called rest. It was in contequence of -the want of was only about 261 b. for each horse, previously exhausted Cheese, per imperial stone, 38 6d. to de. regiment when stationed in the ceded provinces after the but, besid es b e i n e a i ways ' li e t o as p th e i r co ffe e an d sugar good condition, cannot be provided, and that a speeified that the long ute of salt meat increases both tho number transport that, even after firewood had been provided at as they had been by the waut of hay or straw duriog the -- - Balaklava, the men had to undergo tho labour and exposure early part of the month. DUBLIN-FRu. 2. first Burmase war, and e therefore, it was arranged that he with adva - id 2e f ' d •ed veeetables, quantity of the one or of the other should constitute a part attacked and the proportion of fatal cases. The influence of ntage, they h oz. o rice or ri e anril should direct his especial attention to that subject from and 27 f f b d 20 f tescuit d.aily. oz. oso t rea ,or oz. o 1 uf the regulated rations of troops in the field. improper diet is augmented in proportion to the constitu- of dieging up roots to cook their food, without always " When the supply began to fail, the Commissariat officer The consumers h b• ;• ble to o enoueh for that purpose. It was in referred to who appears to have dune everything in hi avo begun to derive 10111. 6 The , - the moment of our arrival in the Crimea. "In considering the probable effects of the deficiencies "FRESH BREAD. tional depression and predisposition to disease produced by eine A s pr t n h cur ta t , , s from the considerable fall in the wheat Market- aO/ consequence of e wan . ot ransport that the men wore power to meet the difficulties of the case, proposed, as he "We entered the haaboar of Belaklava upon the 12th of referred to, it may be presumed, from hhe facts alexia " The only bread issued to the troops, till the month of other causes, and in circumstances so unfavourable to health is, however, only one penny in the 41b loaf, whicb e et s or repetttedly on short rations, and that they wore deprived, knew there weal pleuty of barley at Balaklava that if a de- March, and the following day proceeded to head-quarters stated, that it was not so much from default in the rations April, was biscuit, which appears, however, to have been az those in which the army in the Crimea was placed, by the had now from some bakers at 9d for first and Si t u fs iA to wait upon Lord Ragian, and to arrange our proceedings of salt meat and biscuit that the diet of the troops affected of excellent quality. The sick complained much of the want nature of the service, the season at which it was carried on, for about six or seven weeks, of their rations of rice, tachment of the horses were allowed to go down daily he quality. There was a further fall in all kinds Otte; in conducting the inquiry intrusted to us. The course their health, as from the insufficiency a other descrip- of soft bread, and the men who were affected with scurvy, and the unusual disproportion of the numbers to the which would have been so beneficial at that precise time, would engage to bring up enough for the rest of the brigade. yesterday's market, wheat being Is, oats 6d, and """ which we proposed to pursue was explained in the letter tions of food. At the same time there can be no donbt many of whom coetinued to porform their duties, were amount of work to be done, no practical means ought to when hardly any vegetables were supplied to them, and This proposition appears to have been brought sp I ecial•Y to ls lower than on the preceding Tuesday. a 0 .4 1 ‘ of the 13th of March, of which a copy is annexed ; his that the short rations were conalidered an additional hard- often unable, from the state of thoir gums, to eat tho hard have been left untried to protect the troops from the injo- hardly a man in the army escaped the provailiug disease. under the notice of Lord Cardigan by Lieutenant-Colonel Wh . 38' Od 2 ' Us t ° ' -j er, ite wheat, e to 4sOd ; red ditto, , , o pt , Lordship s entire concarrence in that course is conveyed to ship and privation by those who could use them, and that biscuit, or could eat it only with much pain. At length rious effects of diet-one of the few conditions of the soh The men were overworked in the trenches, and on Mayou, Assistant Quartermaster-General of Cavalry, who barley, 14s Od to 20s 6d ; oata, 12e 6d to 153 Oci e , , , elite us in his letter of the 1 sth of March, of which a copy is any diminution in the nutritive value of the diet, which, some private establishments for baking bread, in Russian diers' existence which were absolutely within control. • pickets and guards ; and they suffered in health from the etates that his lordship declined to accede to it, as he Lad -s Od to -s Od per brl ; oatmeal, 15s Od to 17. v . ` ' 41 11- also annexed ; and on the following day we commenced even when issued in fall, was insufficient to maintain evens which had been found therm were set on foot by pri- "Regarded merelyin a pecuniary point of view, irrespoo- excessive fatigue watching ? and exposure which those previously done when a similar proposition wax made to flour, 24s Od to 28s Od per cwt; Indiaucern, 37s 01 t 0 the examination of the regimental officers stationed in the the strength of rnen undergoing hard laboar and much ex- vete enterprise at Balaklava ; and the men, especially the live of higher considerations, moral and political, the most dutiot involved. To those, in consequence of the want of him to send the horses down far hay before that sup- per 480 lbs. vioinity of Balaklava. posnre, must have been injurious to :all who could have sick, eagerly purchased the loaf of the neminal weight of wasteful of all expenditure is the expenditure of men. transport animals, were superadded other duties, involving ply failed. _e......., " Following out that course, we have seen and personally consumed it. Many of the men, however, did not eat two pounds, at 25., and even at 21. 6d. or 3s. The most There is hardly any conceivable price that it may be neces- an amount of fatigue and exposure which alone would " The whole brigade remained in this state till the 2d of - examined, either separately or collectively, the command- the salt meat, especially the salt beef, when full rations urgent craving of the sick was for a morsel of soft bread. sary to pay for what is required to preserve the health and have bean trying to their constitutions. Several of the December, when it was directed to return to its previous SBA B 0 RIVB MA I LS. a." ing officer, surgeon, Enid quartermaster of every corps in were issued. The prevailing diseases were, at that time, Shortly after our arrival an arrangement wait made with efficiency of the soldier that is not advantageously laid out. officers stated that the draughts for their corps, which were position, but by that time the horses were reduced to each ------...,.....__ _..., f 0.- the Crimea, who was mot prevented by illness from attend- affections of the bowels, in most cases connected with those establishments, byLordßaglan's directions, by which Every soldier has oast a 'ergo sum before he is landed in the excused duty in the trenches for the first ten days after a state from stervation that they could no longer bear the b er h signrs th c itt is lit: nr, aro sent from the Gotim.' ing ; and from them Inave obtained evidence of such defi scorbutic tendency in the system ; and not only the men, they engaged to supply the purveyor with a certain quan- Crimea fitforduty, audit costs alike sum to replace him. Tbe their arrival, were sent, during that interval, on fatigue to weight of their riders ; they had to be led down ; many 7 a nig an y t morning--do ciencies as have occurred in the supplies of each corps, and but the medical officers also, believed that those diseases tity daily for the use of the hospitals, to be issued, on re- valueoftheotherconsiderationscannob beestimated in money Balaklava, but that it became necessary to relinquish the were left on the ground in a dying state, and of the re- 0 of the consequences of those deficiencies. We next exa- were aggravated, and that tendency incleased, by the con- quisitiou, as a medical comfort. for they are above all price. But the highest price that has been practice, because a fatigue petty to Balaklava sent sa many mainder 17 died on the road befure they could reach their Day when made up F rom wbsi 402 j, mined the officers commanding brigades and divisions, tinned use of salt meat. In many cases, the aversion to "We are not aware of any safficient !mama why soft paid per lb. for fresh meat, including freight and casualties, of the young soldiers into hospital. former statiou, a distauce of only about 6 milee. 00T7XTRIES. in General Post- port seelSo with the exception of Sir George Brown, who was absent that description of food seem, to have amounted to abso- bread might not have been baked at any time for the use of was sd. or 6d., and therefore loss than the lowest price at " From the commencement of the campaign in the Cri- "Itis no part of our duty to enter into the military Mice, London.* Dispatche- ••<1 at Keitch ; together with the staff officers, the principal lute loathing. Sever a l of the office rs who had lived for a the sick, and also for the whole army. The French army which salt meat has been put into store in the Crimea ; mea the scale upon which tho Commissary-Goneral pro- reasons which may have led to the detention of this eri- T mes - , -- jea --- -.---- age (b Eve 1 . yHrit.peck)N TY FridaY •• • • Liverpoo medical officers, and the Commissariat officers attached to considerable time upon their rations experienced similar has been regularly supplied with fresh bread ; and the oreo• and if the casualties, which in the winter voyage from the posed to provide land transport for the army appears to gado on a spot where the horses could not be foraged by se:aeria l ., tey united fas. I I/ 1.0. , brigades and divisions ; finally, we examined the Quarter- sensations, and ultimately found it impossible to eat the tion of a sufficient number of ovens was not an operation Bosphorus, in steam-vessels, are variously stated at from 14 us to have been dangerously small • yet the scale upon the Commissariat, or which may have induced a refusal to packet) ..........N •••• -••- - Liverpool , t master-Gestural, and the senior Assistant Quartermaster- salt meat, especially the salt beef, although it is admitted involving any greatexpen3o- c orreqeiring much skill or much to 20 per cent., had been double that amount, or even a which it was actually provided fell far short of even whet adopt the tally measure by which apparently they could America (by U. States 4 .81/ ' ' General, the Commissary-General, and the two Deputy that both beef and pork were quite sound and of good qua- time, if it had been undertaken by the proper public de- larger proportion, that would not have been a sufficient ho hed proposed. From a return prepared by the Commis- be subsisted ;we merely call attention to the fact, as one et p eek t 3 .t ) ••s• ••e• •a *l l l ••-,• • • • fiouthemee' , I Commissaries -General who are present with the army. lity. It was remarked that, while whole pieces of salt partments. There were bakers enough in the regimente to reason f o r leaving the army without an adequate supply of sar r iat, there appears the startling fact that in January, of the instances of a deficiency of supply which formed the ustr r a t ua (via isout ii •••••• •••• •• southamteee The personal examination of the Quartermaster-General, beef were frequently left unoonsumed, sometimes to the have worked many more ovens than were required to suppl what was necessary to preserve the health of the troops. 18a5, the whole number of effective animals belonging to special subject of our inquiry. Ditto Oda Marseilles) N ''•••• • • • • • Dover .. a ee l. however, having repeseeedly been interrupted or prevented extent of hundreds of pounds' weight in a day by a single the whole army; and if these could not be spared from their "Considering the preference which hag been shown, not that department was 3:33 pack-horses and MllleS, and 12 " With regard to the period from the lst of January to Ditto (via Cape of Goodi On' by his being called upon to attend to more pressing duties, reeiment, nearl all the pork was eaten, except by some of military duties thera was no difficulty in procuring bakers onlyin the present butiuothercampaigns,particularly those camels. The Comutissary-Genoral had considered it no- the 31st of March last, returns have been obtained from Hope) ............NI .... ••• fee and finding ourselves linable from illness to postpone our the Sc h • y t oto regimen 8. from Constantinople. But there appears to have been an in the Burmese and Chinese empires, for issuing to „the cessary, before the army should move from Varna, to each quartermaster showing the quantities of forage re- &erica Most Cosuit).,x23d of the month : . plymouth • ' .. .. Nl B . 9. 24, & 30 of a, • Dover .• • • _. departure till he should be sufficiently disengaged, a series " DEFICIENCIES. indisposition to make the attempt. (See Colonel Tulloch's troops salt meat and biscuit instead of fresh meat and have transport at his disposal equal to about 14,000 paok quired, and the quantities received and deficient, of which tiezandriA- •• " 4hX, ' exandria Bi t • 20th of mon• southemptee of written questions ws.s sent to him to be answered. " The deficiencies in the supplies Provided by the Com- memorandum appendix, p. 20.) The Commissary-General bread, notwithstanding the alarming extension of diseases animals. a summary is given in the Appendix. This does not mita- Al .• --.• .• Bahamas ...........im 17tk of the meal , Southanipto' Of, " The notes of the examinations taken down in presence • • at fr m hioh the army, and es ecially that part of understood that a floating b a k e ry h a d, 'f or severa l months, of the bowels which usually manifests itself in military "In the month of October, however, assuming that the blish any apparent deficiency of importance during that Belgium .. ...N , DellY•• •-•• • • Dover •• I" . •• " fes if of the Witnesses, withc•nt the assistance of a shorthand i m t i w ss h a i n ch w' a:ene w aneped u the heigh& before Sebastopol, been in prep a r a ti on i a E ng l an d, an d it w as considered un- operations, there seems reason to apprehend that the faci- whole army was fixed im movea bly iu its position, the period, for it was the ptactice, when hay was wanting, to Brazil ... ' ...:::::...A1 9th of the . ruo7ith.• SouthamPto ph A O , writer, were in all cases. subsequently sent to them for cor- suffered most, were a deficiency pf fresh raeat, a deficiency necessary, or impossible, to do anything till it arrived. lite , of obtaiaing and distributing the former description of available traneport may have been sufficient for purely make it up by double , the weight of chopped straw, or nuenotieares........et 9th oi the month.• &ethernet° met' 1 rection and signature. :Printed queries were also addressed of ve bl d fi. • ff h d rt'cularly for the " From the inf orma ti on we h ave obtained, we are Bali's- supplies may not unfrequontly have had an influence in geta es, a, e menu° e res rea ,pa 1 Commiseariat purposes, exclusive of the conveyance of somotitnes by half the weight of barley ; 21b. of bran were„C,ape el. Good Hope ..N ape of Good Elope ..N Various POr t 0 i Ise• to the commanding officer and to the surgeon of each corps : e e Nice, axe more especially for thosewhose gums were affected fied th a t it i s o f grea t i m p or t ance t o the health of the causing too extensive a use of them. firewood-that is, for the carriaee of rations of food and in like manner, occasionally substituted for the usual issue " Capo de Verds ......N 9th of the month southamptot. and the answers yearned were signed by them. These with scurvy, a deficiency of fuel, a deficiency of hay and troops that they should be regularly supplied with a pro- " The duties of the Commissariat are, then, in a great * ed t th tthh 1 h • ferage from Balaklava to the camps ef the diffarent divi e of chopp 8 raw, so aon ewo e t e horses during Ceylon (secludes) Ile ° documents have net bean subjected by us to any correction straw to such an extent that enough could not be procured portion of soft bread, and in standing camp, where flour measure confined to maintaining an ample store of these in mons. But from the commencement of the operations this period soFm not to have been badly rationed, though cem0n..............1e fe , beyond what was necessary to rectify mere verbal errors or to fill the paillasses of the sick, and, above all, a defi. can be obtained, there is rarely any real difficulty in pro- the general depot by shipments from home, which involves trensport was required for siege purposes also. From the not with precisely the same description of for age as th e y Channel 151e5........N Mon.,Wed.,&Fria. SouthartlPto• , ornissions obviously ariaing from inadvertence. It would ciency of land transport, to which many of the other ded- viding it. little trouble; and the distribution of this supply, accord- evidence of the Commiesary•General it appears that this had been accustomed to on home service. me1i................te ad & 17th of month isoothamptu' to ,. , have been easy to relieve them of many repetitions, and ciencies are mainly to be attributed. "GREEN COFFEE. in: to the numbers in each division, merely involves the . diversion of a part of his transport from Commisoariat to "In comparing the regimental and Commissariat state- Chins .... l once a month.... otherwise to dress and polish them, without materially " FRESH MEAT. "We need not revert to the issue of green coffee, which dm 1 t t • f *th t . •b t h • ttl h t pes opera ion oan me ic , u wen ca a ave o . . . • . td h f 1 t th f eats and returns on this head it siege purposes preven e ien rom comp emg o °rine- m , is neceseary, nowever, meant! o i , co n p e ......ts . , . , Censtan . 11318 23 2 r . .• '' & sof n, Dove . „ _ J P Unapt° 4th tk. 20th of mon. SJuthanWt ° IIII'"" altering their import ; bat we have thought it better to e me _Lee army al:moan to have been 8111:Plied with a saffi- has been alluded to by nearly all the witnesses whom we be sought out and purchased, often in remote provinces, tune of a depot near head-quarters which he had coin- to keep in view that, owing to the difficulty of carrying cont. et Europe lit ft N Twice daily .... • • Dover .. •• - 10 020 eubmit them without erasing the rough original stamp of ~ e men. proportion ot fresh meat while in Bulgaria ; and dut• examined. That subject had already been so fully discussed have to be fed and cared for, and kept in condition before menced, and which was a measur e of great importance to chopped straw, the men often objected to take it, and Egypt (see Inala) authenticity then to cbonge in any respect the form in ing the latter days of September, and nearly the whole of that we did not consider it necessary to investigate it. shipment • when transport has to ba provided, forego ob- the army, as subsequent events too cle a rly pr ove d. H e much was in consequence left behind, when it could not be France ........ M & Nirwlco daily.- - Dover a z..„ which they were returned to us, corrected and signed by October, the cattle , obtained in the Crineee, either by cap- But there is reason to believe that, being itnperfeotly tained for ' the voyage, and subsistence thereafter till they was, therefore, from the commencement of the operations exchanged fur any other description of forage. This ap- Gibraltar .......... X 4,7,17.20, 27 r,f m South to the witnesses. ture or purchase, :Ansi b d th t .s-e- tae -roops with a eousiderable roasted and pounded by th e m en , it b ecame injurious to are given over to the troops, the measure, however useful, . ' aeainst eesbastopol, aware that the transport he had col- pears to have been in some cases assumed as a deficiencY, Greece (see India) I .... BC/nd tk 17th of mon.,gouthaniPte L i . "Itis a great satisfaction te us to find, on most of the proportion, bat af!ter the beginning of November they were their health. This is not only their opinion, but also that is one which must necessarily be attended with much extra lected was not all available for Commissariat perposes, though it could obviously not be considered by the Cone- a r a = awn -.-. ' urgh ..........N,Tuesuay & FridayiLoadon ••• ',yob.'" important points, a remarkable concurrence in the testi- dependent upon the cattle imPorted• From that time till of those medical officers upon whose judgment we should trouble, great complication of accounts, and us small per- 'is missariat in that li ht • and was not sufficient for all tho purposes for which it w. g, or borne on the returns as such. liavannah ..........114, : 2nd of' the InonthlSoutharaPtolpslll oo o triony as to matters of fact, th e month of Meath the supply of fresh meat was not stale- be most disposed to rely, and it is much to be regretted sonal exertion. The preparation of soft bread, in like required. In answer to the question why, in those cir- "LOSS OF HORSES DURING THE WINTER. Holland ....... ..... MiDaily....... ••• • . Dover ••••• '' 1 16 0 00 1 4 , Th e sufferings of the army in the course of the winter, cient to maintaice the health of the troops. During, the that the simple expedient of assembling a beard ef officers measura-involving, as it does, the purchase of wheat, its cunastances, he did net increase the transport in the " With reference to the effect of the defi c i enc y o f f orage Honduras ...... .... Mil 7 ta, ( I the month. southampto.l:l, si I and especially duringthemonthaof December andJanuarY, interval they suffered to an alarming oxtent from diseases as had been done at Varna, was net resorted to, as they conversion into flour, the building of ovens, the hiring of Crimea, he states that he had as many animals as h e cou ld and the other privations to which the horses of the army In n r a tv v l i aBo a x a r tia se n i nfid "e r )I,q2B , 2rtli h oWo,7tlTY - mit. 11 .... _0 must have been intense. We have not noted all the par- of the bowels, te which there was a general predisposition; could have recommended tea to be substituted for coffee. bakero, and extensive superintendence- requires a' very feed. The measure of the amount of transport to be pro. were exposed, we have ascertained the loss among them tonlanisles (see in e diajia 17, &27 of monf l DO v v e e r r.. •• " !owls', ticulars related to us, many of which were unconnected and the medical officers of all ranks are ef opinion, with " When the difficulty about fuel to roast the coffee be- different amount of trouble and responsibility from vided for the army in th e C r i mea was no t , th ere f ore, w h a t f ro m various CiIIISOS in the Cavalry and Artillery. A sum• Ireland ........ed a eeTwice daily ..... illutihesd "I' o o,l l with our inquiry ; but we may ;state that it has been onlY hardly one excep eion, that the continued use of salt meat gen to be seriously felt in December, there were 2,7051 b. of what would be created by the recei it and issue of was requireel, but what the Commissariat could feed. The mary of the return obtained on that head will be found at Lisbon ..............x7, 9. 17. &27 of m . .lBotEhaMPte s '` by slow degrees, and after the frequent repetition of simi- aggravated those diseases, aud increased that cl . -t ( I t 173 000t . )1 • • th C •• t t • b f b fb . •[(l •1 I ' pre lope ea aqua o . , ra ions ying in e ommissana a cer am num er o ags o iscuit ai y. t is, reason for not increasing th e amoun t o f t ranspor t was hot p a ge 193 of Appendix which shows the loss attributable Madeira ............m 9th of tho month liontbanWw" . lar details, as one witness after another revealed the facts sition. stores at Balaklava. This would have afforded the usual perhaps, but natural under such circumstances that those that a greater number of uniznals wee unnecessary, but that to sicknese to be as fhe f t • ws, or he six months from Ooto- att l a ir t a „t;illl,:t ''' - 1,7 234 of month .• .. Liverpool ••• 0 0 that had come under his own observation, that we a t M h • 1 ' ratter number could not be fed in the Crimea. But if ber o arc Inc usive :- I 41‘ With refereeice to this subject we have obtained returns quantity of a quarter of an ounce per man daily to the who have the charge of supplying the troops should cling a eg Malta ...• ..........N 8 .12, &28 of mon. Dover ....... have been able to form any adequate conception of the from all the regi ments employed in the Crimea, showing corps in front, where the greatest 'difficulty was experi- to a system which tends so materially to relieve their dint- proper arrangements had been made to provide the army Mauritius (soe India) distress and misery undergone by the troops, or fully the quantity of salt and fresh meat igsued to each of them enoed in making, ase of the coffee, till a supply could be cultiet during a protracted campaign ; bat, as experience w•th forage a the winter, wherever it might be at that Died Ratio alauritius ..........N 14th of the month r• b• 1 to appreciate the unparalleled courage and constancy respectively durhng the winter, an abstract of which has obtained from Constantinople, or other quarters, sufficient has shown that this saving of trouble in the firet instance season, the forage would have been available for use in the Crimea. , Strength. by per cent of Maxie* ............2d 2nd of the month., floathaMPV ll Sickness. Deaths. Ka p1e5..............Nibth15th25th0rm0n. Dover .• •• ** A O 'with which they have endures their sufferings. been submitted in the Appendix. A return was also fur- to make the issue a general one. A temporary supply, too. can only be effected at the risk of great suffering, vast ex- New Granada ......24 '2l & 17th of mouth SoutharnPt°2 (108"- Great Britain has often had reason to be proud of her nished, at our re quest, by the Commissary-General, from might probably have been obtained from the navy, as there pause, and tenfold trouble in the end, the dependence on a " SUPPLY OF HAY. Heavy Cavalry -- 1,055 493 - 47 New Ze51and.......... By private stip .. Various poi , ' army, but it is doubtful whether the whole range of which it appears that the average quantity of f ee & mea t are genera ll y l arge eteree of tea oe b eer& N o thi ng o f this diet of salt meat and biscuit only should. iu future bo con- " The Commissary-General had indeed concluded a con- L' ICI • • igtt ava ry 1,161 439 38 Papal Rata .........N Sthlath2sthoftnon. Dover •••• •• • militate , history furnishes an example of an army exhibit- issued to each man of the ne e d iv i s i ons compos i ng th e hind, however, appears to have been attempted, and the fined to cases in which the general officer in command has tract for about 1,000,000 pounds, or about 800 tons of hay, p en e asea ..„ .... „e s Itill7theethertnon. Southampton . „0 bag, th . roughout a leng campaign, qualities aa high aa have &Tiny, including the sick in camie evas in Deceinber 61h. coffee continued to be issued in a green state to the men satisaed himself ats to the inapessibility of procuring other to be made at Buyook l'ehakinedge, on the &mei Marmora; Artillery 2,832 1,190 42 Peru ..............30 2d & ferth of mon- SouthamptOn . -______ Port Natal ..........N Ey private ship..• Various ports 110.4- distinguished the forces under Lord Raglan's command. 4 0e ., i n Janu ar y about 9113., in Feuruary 81b 20z.; but in front till the month of February, though much of it supplies, and, therefore directs, in general orders, the issue and hydraulic presses were sent Out from England to corn- Total ~............N sthlsth2Stliefeaon, Dever ...... The strength of the men gave way under excessive labour, several of the issues which go to make up this amount was not used in consequ ence o f th e difficulty of preparing of that description of food. The restriction to this ration press it for shipment. The contractors failed, it is said, to Tuscany ....•• •.....bi Sttitsthmtnennen. DaVer -•• •• &JO ° watching, exposure, and. privation ; but they never mur- were in serial' quantitate for tho use of the sick only, to it. should, then, be communicated immediately to the home complete their con tt•act and only about 600 or 70 : tons of ye neeu el e a . m2d & I7th WV:Louth them ton 1 , i • inured, their spirit never tailed, and the enemy, though whom a preference was given in almost all instances ; and "It appears tons, front the statements of a great majority authorities, in order that they may send out supplies of ha were made Th ' e i ear th' v bee enewithout "Oa referring to the loss sustained by the Commissariat Van Diemen'a ' 'CI' .. . 11414 P 1 I far outnumbering them, never detected in those whom he it is probable that the men for duty did not actually of the medical and other officers examined, that tea would preserved meats and vegetables, to counteract ite same- y 't.l It' b. o e I Y . " o " " 113 • ' animals during the same period, it will bo found rather Australia) .. all (s a °. , el‘ - capi a , w o orr wie money at a high rate of interest to encountered any signs of weakness. Their numbers were receive more than 3111. in December, 51b. in January, and on the whole be preferable to coffee, especially on a march, ness and innutritieus qaality. less than in the cavalry or artillery, the deaths among Wettrndles .. ......., L'e t 2d it I7th o t month Bouthamptsali - carry out their various contracts with the Commissariat. them h , • , ~ -:. reduced by disease and by casualtiee to a handfnl of men, 41b. in February. Some of the corps received even loss provided the ration of sugar were increased by one querter " SUPPLIES OF VEGETA.BLES COULD BE OBTAINED. Their credit wee such that it was found necoosary to make . • - eying, :teeming to a return furnished by Deputy teo . compared with the great exteut of the lines which they than that quantity, and there is hardly any difference of of an ounce, that is, from 14 ounces to 2 ounces. t , The deficiency in the supply of veeetables it even more unuttaqsariat-General Adatns, amounted to about 889 out Whenan f ital ' an arrangement by which the stuns falling duo to them by f ,, 3 , • • y o these dates fall on a Sunday, the malls „Ms , , constructed and defended ; yet the army never abated its opinion as to the evil • consequenees. That change would somewhat diminish the weight to be objectionable and more unaccouutabfe than that of the th c • • o e , e e originally imported into the Crimea, or in the SPatChod on tho follOWing day, wltk the exception of the P .- 01 confidence in itselfetand never descended from its acknow e ommissanat were to be paid into the hands of the tott " VEGETA/ALE FOOL carried, always au important consideration, and would freoh meat. If tho army was to be fed on salt meat, a proportion of 38 por eent.-a result which could scarcely BouthemPton).ancl the Malta, both of whioh will be desPs lodged military pre-eminence. banker wh advanced the fu d The b (akar • I e 1 o . n s. I cow( or c r Wing day. " That evil wae a.ggravated by a, deficiency of veeetable materially diminish the cost of the ration. It was objected sufficient supply of voeetable food was known to be indis- • have been expected, considering the advantages which P " . , . • it hazardous to make largo advances to enable theta to " Both men and officers, when so reduced that they were food. The issue of 2,0 z. of rice daily to each xnan:which by the Cominissary-General, that tea is more likel le • yto e pensablo to the maintenance of health. The Turkish re- cavalry horses might be su d h h d ppose to ave over ex -worked _aril* out a contract for hay which was liable to be rejected hardly fit for the lighter duties of the camp, scorned to be had been ordered by Lord Raglan, iu Bulgaria, to be eon- damaged than coffee, especially on a march ; but as the vinces could have furnished, end a later and more u p carry baggage animals, to whom little attention could be paid at nfa - on account of its quality or because the whole uantit excused the severe and perilous work of the trenches, lest tinuod till the 30th of September, in consequnnce of the whole of the tea used-in Russia, and in some countries of vourable eenson did familia a considerable amount. There c -.- ' ' • q 3' such a period. SHARE MARKETS. ontracted for had not boon prepared. Objections to re• a • they should throw an undue amount of duty upon their prevalence of bowel complaints, was extended, at the mtg. Asia, whore it is largely consumed, is carried overland aro several varieties which can safely be carried by sea, ceive deliv .ar to have be • I both of these ery appe .on raise( on . While we have considered it our duty to point out _ e ,,.._____ comrades ; yet they maintained every foot of ground against gestion, it appear 3, of the Commiseary-General, till tho from China, there - can hardly be any merious diffieulty in anti whieh will keep several months, of which potatoes grounds, and payment was, in consequence, withheld. what appear to us to be serious defects in the arragements all the effort; of tho enemy, and with numbers so small 15th of November, when it unfortunately ceasod, the order carrying a supply with an army. and onions are perheps the be s t, an d th e differ en t varie- The contractors having no means of discharging the debt ID e fth C ' ' t •th th • tl s • ommissana vri e army in le Crimea, as woll LIVERPOOL, FEB. 2. 1, that, perhape, no other troops would even have made the not havisig been renewed. The Commissary•Geleral states, " DEFECTIVE COOKING. thee of preserved vegetables are available at all seasons, they had inourred to the ea k te n ors un il they received we an as the consequences that have resulted from these defects & Num r„,,,.„,,..... ran _ . _ . , - -. .__s, hos e.e attempt. and tho returns ehow, that the supply of rice in store was ~ o ne f the causes of sickness is the army. to which all and at a moderate cost. • 41- ...-:- -e ...I._ , _ , . " Suffering and privation have frequently led to crime, such as would h. _l7B enabled him to enntinnw +b. ;cis.. • _ ° •,• . . _ iiibering trait' import ; but we have thought it setter to ,r The army appears to have been supplied with a auffi eubmit them without ',rasing the rough original stamp of cient proportion of fresh meat while in Bulgaria; and dm• authenticity then to change in any respect the form in ing the latter days of September, and nearly the whole of which they were returned to us, corrected and signed by October, the cattle, obtained in the Crimea, either by cap the witnesses. ture or purchase, :furnished the troops with a oousiderable "Itis a great satisfaction te us to find, on most of the proportion, but at!ter the beginning of November they were important points, a remarkable concurrence in the testi- dependent upon the cattle imported. From that time till mony as to matters of fact, the month of Mar eh the supply of fresh meat was not suffi " The sufferings of the army in the course of the winter, cient to maintaio. the health of the troops. During the and especially duringthemontheof December andJanuarY• interval they set fered to an alarming extent from diseases must have been intense. We have not noted all the per- of the bowels, to which there was a general predisposition; ticulars related to us, many of which were unconnected and the medical officers of all ranks are of opinion, with with our inquiry ; but we may state that it has been only hardly one excep eion, that the continued use of salt meat by slow degrees, and after the frequent repetition of aims- h aggravated those diseases, and i ncrease d th a t predispo r details, as one witnes s aft er ano th er revea l e d th e facts sition. that had come under his own observation, that we ,g With reference to this subject we have obtained returns have been able to form any adequate conception of the from all the regiments employed in the Crimea, showing distress and misery undergone by the troops, or fully the quantity of salt and fresh meat issued to each of them to appreciate the unparalleled courage and constancy respectively dur,ng the winter, an abstract of which has with which they have endured their sufferings. been submitted in the Appendix. A return was also fur- Great Britain has often had reason to be proud of her nished, at our request, by the Commissary-General, from army, but it is doubtful whether the whole range of which it appears that the average quantity of fresh meat military history furnishes an example of an army exhibit- issued to each man of the Ste divisions composing the ing, throughout a long campaign, qualities as high as have army, including the sick in camp, was in December 6 1 b. distinguished the forces under Lord Raglan's command. 4ez., in January about 01b., in February 81b 2oz. ; but The strength of the men gave way under excessive labour, several of the issues which go to make up this amount watching, exposure, and privation ; but they never mur- were in small quantities for the use of the sick only, to mured, their spirit never tailed, and the enemy, though whom a preference was given in almost all instances ; and far outnumbering them, never detected in those whom he it is probable that the men for duty did not actually encountered any signs of weakness. Their numbers were receive more than 31b. in December, 51b. in January, and reduced by disease and by casualties to a handfnl of men, 41b. in February. p Some of the corps received even less compared with the great extent of th e lines whi c h they than that quantity, and there is hardly an y diff erence o f constructed and defended ; yes the army nev er a b a t e d its opinion as to th e evil consequences. confidence in itself,fand never descended from its acknow lodged military pre-eminence. " " VEGETA/ILE FOOL. That evil was aggravated by a deficiency of vegetable "Both men and officers, when so reduced that they were food. The issue of 2,0 z. a rice daily to each man, which hardly fit for the lighter duties of the camp, scorned to be had been ordered by Lord Raglan, in Bulgaria, to be eon excused the severe and perilous work of the trenches, lest tinned till the 30th of September, in consequinace of the they should throw an undue amount of duty upon their prevalence of bowel complaints, was extended, at the sug comrades ; yet they maintained every foot of ground against gestion, it appears, of the Commissary-General, till the all the efforts of the enemy, and with numbers so small 15th of November, when it unfortunately ceased, the order that, perhaps, no other troops would even have made the not having been renewed. The Commissary-0e meral states, attempt, and the returns show, that the supply of rice in store was " Suffering and privation have frequently led to crime, such as would have enabled him to continue the issue; in armies as in other communities, but offences of a serious but he also states that, from the deficiency of land tran character have been unknown in the British army in the sport, it was impossible to carry that additional weight to Crimea. Not one capital offence, has been committed, or the front. The troops were then as completely dependent even alleged to have been committed, by a soldier, and in- upon the Commissariat as if they been on board ship, and temperance has been rare. were subsisting almost exclusively upon salt moat and bis theone army must feel that, when troops so conduct them- of an article of diet so valuable, in those circumstances, as selves throughout a long campaign, the o ffi cers must have rice should have been suspended in cosreequence of the done their duty and set the example. The conduct of the want of transport, just at the time when it was most men, therefore, implies the highest eacomium that can be needed. passed upon their o ffi cers .. Th ey have not only shared all " When the original order for the issue of two ounces the danger and exposure,, and most of the privations which o f r i ce p er man expired, on the 30th of September, the the men had to undergo but we everywhere found indi- Commissary-General states that, finding there was a suffi catione of their solici elide for the welfare of those who chat quantity in store, and that bowel. complaints still were under their ceintreand, and of their constant readiness continued to prevail, he suggested, as a 'measure beneficial to employ their pnvele means in promoting the comfort to the health of the army, the extension of the order to of their TAM Doubtless there has been, as there always the 15th of November. It is much to be regretted that, must be, better mrensgeineet in some regiments than in when he subsequently found himself seeable, from want of ethers, but among much that was painful in the evidence transport, to carry the 2 ounces of rich in addition to the that we have heard, it was always gratifying to observe the salt meat, he was not induced by the mama motives to in. community of feelings and interest w hi c h a pp eare d every- form the General Commanding that he had still enough where to subsist lietween the men and their officers, and of rice in store to continue the issue, which had become ' which the regimental system of the British army seems even more necessary than en the 30th of September, and ! alenoet always t•.) produce. that he did not call for a decision as to whether the army 1 "We hope to h e excuse d f or ven t ur i ng t o o ff er th ese then suffering not only front bowel complaints, but al so general observotions upon the conduct of the army. It was from scurvy, should be deprived of the only vegetable impossible to ref ra i n f rom ex p ress i ng , h owever M iade. f oo d , b es id es bi scu i t, w hi c h was i mme di a t e l y ava i lable, or , quately, the admiration which a careful investigation of should submit to a reduction of two ounces in the daily 1 the circumstances cannot fail to produce. supply of salt meat, which a large proportion of the men , "It woe inevitable that the operations of a siege, carried did not consume. The troops felt the loss of the rice se- 1 on throughout the winter in the Crimea, should involve a h a rdly, many of them declaring that they would rather j very considereble amount of hardship and sickness. These hve lost their rain ; but they eubinitted without remon are consequence s of such operations as certain as losses in strance, because the belief appears to have been general 1 action whev, a battle ix fought. The sickness and conse- that the issue of rice had coasted in consequence of the quent mortality in the British army in the Crimea have, supply being exhausted. however, 'been very great. The deaths, including those at ‘, It appears from the evillence of the Commissary- Scutari and elsewhere appear to amount to about 35 per General that it has not been the practice in the British ; cent, of the average strength of the army present in the army to keep the General Commanding informed of the 2 Crimea from the Ist of October, 1854, to the 30th of April, amount of provisions in depot, or available for the use of 1855, and it seems to be clearly es t a bli s h e d t h at t hi s ex- the troops, but only of such as be in the possession of the i cessiva mortality is not to be attributed to anything pecu- troops, and in the charge of the Commissariat officers of liarly favourable in the climate, but to overwork, exposure divisions. It was not until the latter end of January, I t to wiet and cold, improper food, insufficient clothing dur- when circumstances forced. upon Lord Raglan's attention I log part of the winter, and insufficient shelter from incle- the necessity for his being kept personally informed of the i niei.it weather. actual amount of the supplies on which he could rely for '' To determine the limits beyond which we should 41e- the maintenance of the troops, that periodical returns of ( s cline to pursue our investigations , demanded careful d e li- the quantities in store at Balaklava were ordered to be f boration. The influence of overwork and exposure on the su b m i tted to him. health of the troops might appear to be foreign to the ob- " It appears to us, not only that periodical returns of the li„ ..eecte of an inquiry which had reference exclusively to the supplies in store, and available, ought regularly duty to be sub- 1 ; 1 supply of the army and the arrangements of the C o m e flatted, but that it ought to be the of some officer to fi missariat ; but much of the labour and exposure which the call the attention of the General Commanding to such as troops had to undergo was a consequence of the want are likely, in specie', circumstances, to pac beneficial. of su ffi cient l an d t rans p or t, w hi c h it was th e d u t y o f th e Had Lord Raglan's attention been called to the stores of Commissariat to provide. The effects of overwork an d rice, and other farinaceous and vegetable food at h:s com- ti e xposure could not, therefore, bo excluded from our mend, * or had there been any officer o n hi s Staff who could , at consideratio n . I n lik e manner, th e injurious cense- b e h e ld respons ibl e f or the proper application of the avail- it `Menem' of defective cooking, which are not obviously able supplies , there. can be no reasonable doubt that the h connected with the subjects of our inquiry, were in a great men would have reoeived, in lien of two ounces of the salt P. measure attributable to a deficiency of fuel, or of erans- neat which many of them could not eat, an equal weight ti port to eonve y i tfroml3alaklava to the cam ,both of which of food that would have been both more acceptable, and st are matters affecting the Commissariat. It may be right infinitely more beneficial. CE here to state that, in doubtful cases we have preferred run- "The deficiency of transport, which is assigned as the c , ning the risk of prism, • . ! g our inquiries beyond what might reason why these implies were not conveyed to the front, G have been cesntemplatee to incurr i ng short of what was intend e d. the hazard of falling need not have affected the corps in and around Balaklava, h, not pursued our investigation* in to At the same time, we hay: which were suffering from the same diseases, tho ug h no t to matters unconnected th e same ex t en t. cawith the supply of the army, ra "LIMEJUICH. " QUANTITIXS IN MOUE. "A more unaccountable and still( more unfortunate fail of a great number o'f - a - r - - "The Commissariat have farniehed returns of th e clues, ure to apply to the use of the army stores, of which it stood .r.., . tities in store, at various dates, in the most urgent need, occurred in regard to limejuiee. '4,`, tidies, as th e y app e a r upon the books, but, un oca , i On the 10th of December 278 cares, containing nearly -'-' _tli . credited in those hooks.till the whole has been dischareeds these returns do not show the quantity afloat. Ongthe 20,0001 b., arrived by the Eck, for the purpose of bein g issued generally to the troops. Small' quantities obtained r, 4 , other band, as issues were necessarily made, occasionally, front the purveyor, and also, it is understood, from the `,' from cargoes still afloat, and which, therefore , had not yet navy, had been issued to the hospitals for the cure of scurvy '„s; been credited, the cargo , when credited, might, in fact, d uring the previous mouth, but no measures had been taken c i f.: ( have already been issued ' wholly or in part. The Com. to counteract the tendency to that disease which was rapidly vi missary-General has, therefore, been unable to furnish a ;Treading. The necessity for issuing limejuice as a prophy- in lactic had boon stated in many of ibe medical reports to tie return of the smallest quantity at any time in store of any of the articles constituting the rations of the troops, as re- The by general orders. In regard to all of those anti- will showo t. l l l , o , w q i u n a g n t t a it h i l e e s a i lis f tLa i e n t a e c cl eo f i r t o s m a ne store accounts, in gulated preserved Vega- on glee, we must rely upon the general st a t emen t s o f the offl- table food lyin g in the stores at Balaklava and Scutari, it cars of that department as to the sufficiency at all times of while the troops were suffering in the supplies in store. From those statements, however, the ------* health for want of them a e. accuracy of which wo do not q uestion, it appears that , in eluding what was afloat in e the har a b t o ß nr ala t k h i e av e a, om of m th is e sa a r r i t s i ill Rice. A va il a b le and dried Period t . Pr' _ Preserved t s has never been without a supply , Period. potatoes. 'available. ter else issued as rations to the men. But . the ration of biscuit ---- --..._ thi baying, on the 15th of October, been increased by General le. --- - pr n ,Th At Balaklava ••••.. • • .. 74,574 la " / .1, - lb. From evi v. 32,413 1 Nov. Order to tilb., in consideration of the severe labour to And there were lying in cui which the troops were subjected, it was reduced en the Con ground of ' the store at Scutari, ready 6,010 1 Oct. nth refs 7th of November to lib., on the express . supply of biscuit being insufficient to furnish the increase d the above supplies be- . lies ration lately authorised.' came reduced ........ 216,001 Nov. Havi ng heard that there had been such a deficiency, or •••••••••........................................ ceu apprehend e d deficiency, of salt meat as to make it neces "TY to apply on the 21st of January to the navy for assist- -- Peas. Period Scotch Period t ante, we in available. barley, a v a il able. turns handed to us by 'Mired into the circumstances. From the re- —...._ the Commissary-General, and from -- his statements, it appears that, although the Commissariat From lb. Fenn but At Balaklava. •,.. • • .... 51 1 , b zu —. 0 16 Dec. 23,123 I Jan. th e had at that time in store su ffi cient for several days' eon- And there were lying in the gumption, there was still, in consequence of some mistake, store at Scutari, ready it is stated, on the p art of the Comm issariat officers at to be brou g ht over as sibl in Constantinople, cau se f or considerable anxiety lest the the a b ove su ppli es b e - . I arn ~. *he t whole army should be l e ft without salt meat at a time c ame reduced .• • • .•.. Nil. ..- 42,726 1 Dec. And about half - _ ouit, rum, and the ordinary groceries. The arrival of a ~ ...e. tna,t quantity from I the Apt of October. I lid " One of the causes of sickness in the army, to which all the witnesses refer, is defective cooking. On the march from Old Fort to the Alma, and during the battle, most of the men throw away or lost their camp kettles. Some divisions did not preserve even one in ten of the regulated number, viz., one to every five men. When the army arrived before Sebastopol it was, therefore, impossible to organise the established regimental system of cooking, which is by companies, telling off a certain number of men per company as cooks. Each man had to cook for himself in his small mess tin or canteen, to proeure his own fuel, anti to light his own fire. " FUEL. ' For a time there was little difficulty in procuring fire wood ; but after the brushwood in the vicinity of the camp was consumed fuel could not be obtained, except by dig ging up roots, an operation which, to unskilful hands, in volved great labour, and, in Lad weather, much exposure. When there was snow upon the ground, and during frost, the men, who were inadequately supplied with tools, and who, from want of skill in using them, seen spoiled or broke such as they had, often found it impossible to procure enough of fuel. In wet weather the inexperienced, who composed the great majority, had much difficulty in getting the green or wet wood to burn. Men who had been all night in the trenches. np to their anklesin lend, and who returned to the camp exhausted and benumbed, could not cook food for themselves without first grubbing up routs for fuel, which in many cases were to be found only at a considerable distance. Many of theca wanted either energy or streng,h enough to undergo that labour, and contented themselves with their biscuit and rum, adding in some cases a bit of raw pork. Many more made the attempt to cook their meat, hut, in consequence of the difficulties just referred to, the process was often very imperfectly performed, and the meat was eaten half raw. Even after kettles had been procured, which in most regiments was not until some time in Janu ary, and after men had been told off to cook for companies, the labour and exposure undergone by the fatigue parties sent out to obtain fuel was a serious addition to the other severe and harassing duties which they had to perform. " The Commissariat maintained that it was not the practice of the service to issue fuel to troops in the field ; that a soldier was not entitled to a ration of fuel unless i❑ barracks. Lord Raglan, however, on the 11th November instructed the Commissary-General to provide a sufficient supply of fuel for the ensuing winter; and by a General Order dated the 4th Dec., directed the issue of rations of fuel to the troops. But, although it appeared that even long before the 11th Nov. the Commissary-General had provided a depot of fuel at Scutari for the use of the army when iu barracks, he was not prepared to issue fuel in the field when it was ordered on the 4th December. " To provide and issue fuel was, no doubt, a considerable addition to the duties of the Commissariat, and the difficul tiesarising from the deficient state of the laud transport, the narrow space for landing stores at Balaklava, and the great amount of labour which the other duties of that department involved, in the peculiar circumstances of the army, may have led the Commissary-General to insist upon the alleged previous practice in the Peninsula and elsewhere of leaving' troops in the field to find their own fuel. But the circum stances of the army before Sebastopol wore obviously ex ceptional, and an appeal to precedent was out of place. I❑ consequence of the representations of the Commissary- General, however, the order of the 4th of Dec. appears to have been modified, and it was not until the nth of De cember that the troops in and near Bslaklava received rations of food. This apparent want of alacrity on the part of the Com missariat to provide fuel for the army in the field, tumid not have arisen from any difficulty in procuring firewood. The southern coast of the Black Sea is wooded down to the shore for hundreds of miles; firewood could have been procured there in unlimited quantity, but the resources of that coast had not then been explored. Wood has more recently been obtained thence at little more than one-fourth of the price paid for it daring the winter at Scutari and Constantinople. Unfortunately, after fuel had been pro vided at Balaklava, the want of laud transport made it impossible to carry it to the front, except is small quanti ties for the use of the hospitals ; and, being issued only in the vicinity of Balaklava, it was of no use to the soldier on the heights, unless he could find the means of carrying it to the regimental camp. "IMPROPER DIET "From what has been stated, it appears that the dint provided for the troops was not well calculated to preserve their health in any circutistaecee, and that, instead of tending to counteract the other causes of disease to which they were exposed, it tended rather to aggravate those evils. And the same unvarying diet of salt meat and bis cuit, without a sufficient supply of vegetables, acting upon constitutions debilitated by the other causes previously referred to, produced scurvy, which, there is reason to be lieve, complicated and rendered more fatal almost every other disease by which the troops were attacked in De ceuaber and January. "ABUNDANCE OF CATTLE. "The Commissary-General states that he considers the issue of fresh meat the rule, and of salt meat the exception; but he has not explained, in a manner that we consider satisfactory, the reason why this order was reversed. In the countries subject to Turkey, which were easily acces sible, there is not, and there never has bean, any difficulty its procuring a sufficient number of cattle to supply the army with fresh meat. In December, when scarcely any but salt meat was issued, the Commissary-General says that be bad g,OOO head of cattle secured. He attributes the de ficiency in the camp to the want of sea transport, the difti- " At the time when the army was suffering in conse quence of the want of vegetables there was in store, at Ba laklava, a considerable supply of vegetable food, both peas and preserved potatoes, which were not issued. The greater part of the peas were not split, but whole, and the men, ex periencing great difficulty in boiling them, became unwilling to take them. They did not know, and do not appear to have been informed, that the addition of a small quan tity of soda would have made the process comparatively easy ; but for this omission the Co;mnis.iariat cannot be considered responsible. As a reason for not issuing the preserved potatoes during the winter, whoa they would have been so useful in preventing ■curvy, the Commissary- General states that the men rejected them, and returned into store several cases that had been issued. Oa investi- gating the circumstances, however, it appeared that they had been returned into store at a time when the troops had a sufficient supply of fresh meat, and when they understood that they were to pay for one pound of the preserved the price of four or five pounds of tho fresh potatoes. When they wero afterwards issued gratis, and the men had learnt how to cook them, they became exeeedingly popular.* "No ONE SPECIALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR DIET, OR FOR THE ADAPTATION OF THE RESOURCES TO THE WANTS OF THE ARMY. "lit seems to be a defect in the system of the Rritish army that no one is specially responsible for the fitness of the diet supplied to the troops, or for the most advan tapous adaptatiea of the resources of the countries in which milita'ry operations are Carried on to the require ments, in this respect, of the army. Supplies of the utmost value to health may thus be lying within reach, without being made available. because they are not specified in tee scale of rations, and because there is no one whose special duty it is to find them out and to suggest their employ ment. A comrnander.in•chief may be a man of consum mate genius, capable of attending to everything great or small, but a nation cannot safely ground its system upon the assumption that it can at all times command the ser• vices of suchimen ; and it may be worthy of consideration whether there ought not to be upon the staff of an army in the field an officer, holding high military rank, whose duty it should be to devote his attention to the supply of the army, who should be responsible for everything con nected with the receipt and issue of supplies and stores of every description, in the same manner as the Quartermas ter-General and the Adjutant-General are responsible for the manner in which their departments are conducted, and who should be selected with reference to his special quali fications. " The Commissary-General had indeed concluded a con tract for about 1,000,000 pounds, or about 800 tons of hay, to be made at Buyook Tehakinedge, on the Sea of Afarmora; and hydraulic presses wore sent our from England to com press it for ship►nont. The contractors failed, it is said, to complete their contract, and only about GOO or 70. J tons of hay were made. They appear to have been men without capital, who borrowed money at a high rate of interest to carry out their various contracts with the Commissariat. Their credit was such that it was found necessary to make an arrangement by which the sums falling duo to them by the Commissariat were to be paid into the hands of the banker who advanced the funds. The backer considered it hazardous to make largo advances to enable them to carry out a contract for hay which was liable to be rejected on account of its quality, or because the whole quantity contracted for had not boon prepared. Objections to ro• ceive delivery appear to have been raised on both of these grounds, and payment was, in consequence, withheld. The contractors having no means of discharging the debt they hail incurred -to the bankers until they received the price of the hay, and conceiving, as they assert, that it had been rejected by the Commissariat, entered into an arrangement to sell it to the French. The British Commissariat then claimed it as their property, and appli cations were made by both parties to the Porte to compel delivery of the hay, which each asserted they had pur chased. At length it was secured to the British Commis sariat. But in the meantime the hydraulic presses had been erected in the vicinity of Constantinople, more than 15 miles from the place where it had been collected; and it became necessary to carry the loose hay that distance, either by land or water, before it could be pressed. This operation could not be carried on in bad weather, and thus, by defective arrangements throughout the whole transaction, the only provision for supplying the army with hay which had been made in Turkey was rendered nugatory, at a time when GOO or 700 tons in the Crimea would have been invaluable. The Commissary-General admits that if the presses had been erected at the place where the hay was made he could have fed more animals ; and there can be little doubt that every addition to the transport in the Crimea saved the lives of men. " When the roads or tracks between Balaklava and the camp broke up about the 20th of November, and became one great slough of deep and tenacious mud, impassable for Commissariat carts, the transport power of that depart ment was reduced to one-third of its former amount, for a horse or mule will draw in a cart three times the weight it can carry on a pack. Even so early as the 14th of No vember, the day of the hurricane, the roads had become difficult, and the transport animals began to suffer. The Commissary-General then resolved to bring up a part of the reserve transport which had been left at Varna, and had subsequently been ordered thence to Constantinople. At this time, however, ho only contemplated bringing up 250, and the Jason sailed for that purpose on the 26th of November, and returned to Balaklava on the 16th of December, having been absent twenty days. The average passage at that season, including coaling, watering, &e., appears to have been about tiftees days. The Jason thus exceeded the average time by a few days, of which two may be accounted for by the time occupied in sending for and bringing in the mules from Tchaktnedge, where they were recovering from the effects of the journey from Tame. They had been badly carol for, and many were utterly useless ; a certain number, however, arrived at Constantinople, in vary bad condition, about the end of November ; 250 of the most serviceable were selected to be shipped in the Jason, but even these appear to have hardly been considered effective by the Commissariat officers when they arrived at BalaklaVa. " While we have considered it our duty to point out what appear to us to be serious defects in the arragements of the Commissariat with the army in the Crimea, as well as the consequences that have resulted front these defects, we the ( e lo th n e o r t e n ffi iex s t e o in ft fe ila r t t d ht the C e a partnlsn o t m , h m a i v ss e a f r a y n G et e i n t e e r m al, si o ce r any exertion of whieh they wore capable to provide for the exigencies of the public service according to the measure of their ability and foresight ; and it is but just to direct attention to the usual nature of the duties required of them, where a large army occupied as it were a barren island which furnishes nothing except water and a limited quan tity of firewood. The Coin misseriat, which appears for some time to have been without a sufficient number of hands, had also serious difficulties to encounter which could not have been foreseen. The tempest of the letit of November was a great disaster, and the peculiarities of the harbour of Balaklava, whatever may be its advantages, created con stant difficulties, especially in landing the vast supplies re quired for the army. The broa.king up of the road from Balaklava to the front, and the impossibility of sparing from their military duties a sufficient number of men to make it practicable for Corumissiariat earts, had not been anticipated or provided for, and the belief, apparently shared in by the Commissariat, that Sebastopol would speedily fall, and the campaign in the Crimea terminate, though not much insisted upon by the witnesses whom we examined, Wail unquestionably a most influential cause of many defects in the arrangements. It appears to have been assumed, till the beginning of N ovem b er, that any present inconvenience could be but of short duration, and that any expedients by which the emergencies of the moment could be overcome were sufficient for the occasion, A man of comprehensive views might probably have risen superior to these disadvantages, and created au organisation suited to the circutnstances. He would, doubtless, at once have perceived that the established practice of procuring all supplies by teuders and contracts is not calculated to draw forththe when rel i e r s e o d u . re resources i o n f d i T n a g r t k h e s y t , h or i s t s o n p m p i k e e s In t h n e s m t b available from provinces of ,the resources of which he had little they could understand, he would probably have turned to country and its re to good account the knowledge of the of e lc y n e o n w knowledge , ge, communicatea7doi inhabitants hisw ants o i n f w a h n l y c h languagehe was unable oven a and more easily made found those resources more ample till lately they were believed to be. made available than But it is unreasonable to expect that every man who I s i o e ur s c s e r s r , s p n o t s s rs h s e e r d b iu y s j a e l s a ty rf s e C a e n n d s r u e le src n t d ab h le e bodywenldpub lie rise to the head of so limited a department, even after a longcourse may meritorious demandt service, inventive i o resources display, ever sn d administrative t t y i v duties of th e d epartment appear e of a very high or d er. " The purely to be well performed. The officers atta c h e d t o divisions and brigades are generally intelligent and efficient ; seve ral of them are men of considerable cap ac it y. Th e Gene rals commanding divisions and brigad es, w i t h few excep tioun, expressed their satisfaction w ith t h e exertions and services of those officers, and used t erms of high common the occasion o f xpesdation in speaking of some o f th em, especially of Mr. eaPower, attached to the Second Division, who was a b sen t on duty, and whom wo th ere f ore did n' t' see. " The evidence in regard to some of the subjects of our inquiry bas not been corrected by the officers last exa mined, to whom it was sent for that purpose only the day before our departure from Balaklava ; and certain written queries were transmitted at the lame time, the answers to which will be forwarded to us. When we have received those papers, and have had an opportunity of examining in a collected form the whole of the evidence and other de cuments, we shall proceed to report upon the matters to which they relate, so far as they may fall within the limits assigned to our inquiry by the instructions received from your lordship.—We have the honour to be, your lordship's most obedient servants, LIVERPOOL, FEB. 2. bi l. ill 1 STOCK EXORANGE.—Th e t ono o f the mar k e t h of 100 i buoyant to-day, and a considerable attendance. o. os l (late head, Lancashire, and Cheshire, 15 . 4 c.—Ditto u ; r s o , B. VP. shares,) 1 4—Caledonian, 284—Lank Yorkshire, 824 i 2 11—London and North , d 1% / 1014 1 11 I —Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln/I t o —South Eastern, Isi 13s. 9 . l . —Midlands, 79A i , , 1 Great Western of Cens.'la, 25i i I—Dutch li° l3l 3d. p.—Ditto, new, j 24 3s. Pd. p. "SUBSTITUTION OF FORTER FOR BUIL "A very geaeral opinion is expressed both by command. ing officers and surgeons that to continue the extra rations of rum which the troops have been receiving would be in jurious both to their health and their habits; and there isa remarkable concurrence of testimony in favour of sub. stituting porter of good quality for a part of the ration 4 of rum, or even fur the whole, as well as in favour of enabling the men to buy good porter," by providing a sufficient quantity to be supplied at a fixed and moderate price, while the army is in standing camp, under such regula tions as may be considered expedient. "It cannot, we fear, bo doubted, that many, especially of the young soldiers, who had no disposition to indulge in ardent spirits, or to whom the rum was at first even dis tasteful, have acquired a habit of dram-drinking by the use of the rations issued to them ; and it is believed that the substitution of good portor, which is nutritious, anti scorbutic, and, in moderate quantities, on the whole bene ficial, would also tond to correct or to prevent the forma. Lion of habits which are injurious both to health and to die- MANCHESTER, FEB. 2. dp STOOK EXCHANGL---The market to- da y bar 10° 00. 1 a fair business, at higher prices, but elesed, o , o o London an d N orth Westerns 100$—Eastern tibijkli/1 i—Manchest er , Sheffield and Lincoln, 251: 13• 1 " 4 0 1 Consols, 71 7W #—South Ea ' stern and Dover, I °,oo —Lancashir e an d Y orkshire, 824 4 - G r oat We; Canada, 25i—El ec t r i c T elegraph Company, 20 a sufficient neraalliyt numberhs sent nnt necessity egoieft4moi of i thdspGt uthei ieeoar l e :yin steam-vessel, rrhae. .amnevolofniytofnshtrdsotoeerithisl::: worel . earh2w t rti sa h nsphrpcz o glghi uaci f euerhhvd D eppeo daonh e atps c earpeop e rat. pn m encl taisa b threphrs e c iedoge r troneo t 2ts h op4ht e fethahot s :v a i n, disposala: i ill26mli animals, atoe g o fliel 9 : lr:wh e t:, La 7,i a r hehmt s scee e . wma, - cji t peneam r oprtns a in aelmoi n di anem,n s et, p diodei n o wltei yf r eahpo t et s irureomoyl o rryha:i f placed at his disposal, and sailed on the 29th for Constan tinople. Hi makes it a ground of complaint, with refer ence to the reinforcement of the transport in the Crimea, that, having sick on board for Scutari, she was detained till the 7th Jan. lauding them; but, having been questioned on the subject, ho admitted that, after landing the sick at Scutari, she was sent by the Commissariat, though not by his orders, to the Sea of Marrnora to take in a cargo of fuel, and he could not say that she might not have been absent a week or 10 days for that purpose. The deficiency in the land transport of the army cannot, therefore, be accounted for on the ground that he could not obtain s ufficient sea transport to convey the animals he was desirous of bringing to the camp. " The want of a road from Bslaklava to the front, pass able for commissariat carts, greatly increased the difficulty of supplying the army after the middle of November ; but the officers commanding divisions, who were examined upon the subject, are unanimous in their opinion that it would have been impossible to employ to make the road, and at the same time to carry on the military operations in which the army was engaged. The only remedy, therefore, was to increase the number of transport, `finally was, however, dePre transport-animals ; and Lord Raglan, it is stated by the Quartermaster-General, after ' unceasingly and urgently' a C t n : h i r i tnala at Eupatoria, Constantinople, pt impressing hroepa Ar rm i my g tao sufficiencyup p u or purchase h t a li se e oV' a li n Commissary-General, who declared he had not the means of feeding them.' " In answer to the creation, was the Commissary -General ea Smyrna, ted by the Sicily, &c . ; at any time urged to increase the amount of transport ? the Q uar termaster -General says, ' Unceasingly by th e Com mander of the Forces, personally, and by m y se lf.' " The real cause of the deficiency of t rans p or t appears, therefore, to have been the want of forage, no t th e wan t of s hips or of animals ; and a similar f a il ure t o prov i de the requisite forage would again limit the number of animals available for the army in the Crimea, whatever might bo the number in possession of the Land Transport Corps. It ma y be hoped that the formation of that corps will prevent the recurrence of any similar calamities from the same cause. " SUPPLIES OF FOOD NOW ABUNDANT. "At a future time we shall bo prepared to submit some suggestions as to the rations of troops in the field; mean while we have the honour and satisfaction to roport that, before oar departure, the supplies of food to the army in the Crimea werd'abundant, and the diet of the soldier, in the opinion of those who are best able to judge, batter than any army in the field has, in any former campaign, been regularly supplied with. We are able to state that, in their entire satisfaction with tbe rations now issued, the mita concur with their officers. The only objection, so far as we can ascertain, is to the inferior condition of the cAttle; and the grounds of this objection are in course of being removed, as the animals are daily improving in con dition upon the new grass, which is now abundant in the grazing countries. Bat as the natives of those countries are not in the habit of winter-feeding their cattle, they "JOHN M'NEILL. " The Bi g ht H on. TULLOCH, Colonel. the Lord Patin:lure, G.C.8." BIRMINGHAM, P. 2. 0 1 4 STOOK EXCHANG3I.—The tone of the market s c L i i 0" firm to-day, and the prices were advanced. Loti North West erns wero quote d at 100-111idland 6 r:(10) Bristol and Bi rm i ng h am S toc k , 131—South Staffe r dis.—Birmin g h am Old Canals, 90. * At this time several hundred quarters of buck wheat and a species of millet seed which had been taken at the capture of the town were lying in a large stone building close to the cattle wharf under the castle, and might, it is presumed, hav► been made available for some of the horses or baggage animals when there was a difficulty in landing corn from the ships, but it remained in this store during the whole winter, and was still there when wo left Balaklava in June, thus unneces sarily occupying a building which might have been valuable as a store for other purposes, besides allowing a most useful supply for horses or cattle to go to waste. * Among the reserve .supplies at Scutari which were not brought over to the Crimea, at a time when they might have been of the utmost service to troops labouring under scurvy and insufficient nourishment, were 147,088 gallons of porter, which remained in store there from the Ist of December, 1851, till April or May last, It might have been impossible considering the inadequate means of transport, to carry any portion of this porter to the head-quarter camp, but there 'appears no reason why it should not have been issued to the troops in the vicinity of Balaklava, as well as the numerous parties sent there from the camp on fatigue duties, which would by degrees have extended the supply throughout the forge in front, without the trouble of carriage. It was ono of the hardest - consequences of the fatigue duty to Balakiava that the men had often to remain there for the greater part of the clay without food ; a piu.t of porter and a biscuit would have obviated this, and been of material benefit to their health; such a supply would also have been most valuable for the sick. LEEDS, FRB. 2. Wa i t STOCK EXCHANGIE.—A. very moderate bus.nes_, o ,tot-s Midlands. 704 4—Easter n C oun ti es , 10—North w 'Or , sl—Thircks, 143—Eastern Union, B, s—Brighter, Sheffield, 254—Craven Moor, 18s. 3d.--York Mini* 9d. DUBLIN, F. 2. . 9° I 9011 i STOCK EXCITANGE.—Three p er Cent. Consols, . 0 0 1 Ditto for Account, Feb. 7, 901 I—New Three Pe r n a i Stock, PO/ I 9 1—Ditto, for Account 7th of Feb., "," i —Great Southern and Western, 52j —Bank sw i ne — Waterford and Limerick (501. paid), 221 — G 041 ' Company, 39. A letter from Odessa of the 19th ult. says :—.‘"'" Luder s has cleanly ively t a k en t h e comman d o f the S t, of the South. General Oates-Saeken returns to Petersbur g , an d w ill b e replaced in the command , 11f , 0 0, 1 " troops in and aroun d Od essa by General Suc h°' The cold is less intense , though the steppes aro frozen over." LITERARY PENSION. The Queen has granted an annual pension of 501., chargeable upon the civil list, to Mr. John Dalton, of Dublin, the author of several Irish historical works, including the Army Li*t of King James 11., the latter not yet completed. [ADVERTISEMENT.) —Holloway ' s Ointment and Pills Excellent Remedies for Abscesses.—Mr. William Alsop, of the sloop Wesley, informed Mr. Reinhardt, druggist, Hull, that a child of his had a dreadful abscess on the thigh, and that the medical men gave him no hopes of the child's life. Mr. Reinhardt then recommended him to use Holloway's Ointment ; ha did so, and the abscess soon healed, and the little patient is now as well and ss strong as xßy child can be, entirely through the virtues of the ointment, which are above all prilise.—Sold by a ll medicine vendors thronghout the world ; at Professor Holloway's establishments, 244, Strand, London, and 80, Maiden-lane, Now York ;by A. Starupa, Constan tinople ; A. Guidicy, Smyrna; and E, Muir, Malta. " With respect to deficiencies of forage, which form the next branch of our report, there is very considerable diffi, culty in arriving at accurate conclusions, because, previous to the let of January, no account of snob deficiencies was kept by the quartermasters of cavalry; but it is admitted, both by the reg i mental - and Cornmissirmt officers, that vory large deficiencies did occur in the hay and chopped BIRTHS. 01' ♦ SON. On the 31st ult., at Chesterfield House, the Co' n Lichfield. 0 On the Ist inst., the wife of Alfred Keyser, gig"' Norfolk-creseent, Hyde-park. Or A DAI7IIIITRIL /14 4 rOn the Ist inst., at Talaore, Flintabire, the Noll' Mostyn. 111 ( On the lst inst., at Yates Court, B en t , the wife 0- /ferryman, Esq. MARRIED. 'On the 31st ult.,. at M ary l e b one, Henry R. Ge-icl60 tbe 613 f Esq., of Lincoln's inn, barrister-at-law, oldest son °, late il Lieutenant-General Si r H enry Gold fi nch, K•C'l3.sel/io Eray Reynolds, youngest daughter of S. Reynold s „0 1 01 1 Esq., of Serge-bill, flees, and Manchester-square•.-L 4 : O , On the 31st ult., a t Richmond, Mr. John genr l4- otIP Park-terrace, R egent ' s - park, to Elizabeth, the r - rorV daughter of Mr. Richard Batt, of Edwards-AMA , man-square. DIED, On the 2d inst. Andrew H one y, E cq ., l a t e o f the of Engla n d, 14° aged ' B4. ° At Chiche s t er H ouse, Regent's-park, Hunry H. ON Esq., aged 84. fo ot On the 2 / 1 i ns t., at 11, Portland - place, Johaanall tho wife of Sir J. Henry Pally, Bart. tetvi ° On the lit inst., at H am - common, Surrey, John •-- Cox, Esq., aged 80. . 0 , On the let inst., a t R am/mato, George P. Bland,„v,:riot youngest son of th e Rey.Dr.Bland, rector a f Lilley, J"" , and Prebendary of Wells , aged 2C 0 On the Ist inst., b London, Joseph Ph ilby, Bloq'' Goldings, Loughton, Essex, aged 66. Voild On the lit inst., at Barnes, Surrey, T. 'Wiggle, aged 82. OA On the Ist i ns t., a t B er kh op pliead, Riohald H . S Esq., F.R.C.S., aged 89, , eifb On the 22d ult., at Dingwall, Lewis Mark .Mact."„renjto Esq., of Findon and Mount Gerald, Ross-e,hire. -"' aged 34. On the 30th ult., ES at Clapton,, Miss Ann Smith, 0 8- -- ..,„sei On the 31st ult., at River-street, Myddeltten - e c l u " - Joseph Ratliff, Esq., aged 63. ~w J i YD 4N / / LONDON: Printed and Publi s h ed by MURDO /, of No. 112, Strand, Priuter, at The S un Office, ?"7"'' 11 Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, irr tb. vj Middlesex, Monday, February 4, 1856. oil