The Sun. — London, England, 1834-01-02 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Other papers have drawn the notice of their readers to the relations between this country and Russia : one of them, with its inbred shallow ness and folly, seems to infer a fall of the funds from the discussion of this political subject. Two things, however, will be manifest to all reflecting persons :- 1, that if the - state of the east of Europe be one of real interest and im portance to Great Britain, our ccuntrymen ought not to be kept blindfolded with regard to it ; 2, that if dal gem do really impend over Europe from any given quarter, the certainty that our Government sees, and is prepared for them, ought, above all things, to strengthen public credit, End raise men's confidence in the securities of the state, instead of having a ten dency to disturb or lower them. Our own thoughts upon this Russian question we have no reason to conceal. We believe that, if not prevented in due time, the Russian Autocrat will accomplish schemes of aggrandizement, by conquest or by political fraud, altogether incom patible with the safety and repose of Europe, as well as both indirectly and immediately menacing to the interests of Great Britain. It is said, " What more natural than for Russia to desire the run' of the Mediterranean and Adriatic, and the ultimate command of all their coasts and harbours ?" and thence, " What is there criminal in any such desire ?" We answer, that this nation has nothing to do with specula tive questions as to the morality of Russian projects ; the point for us to consider, and to act upon, is their practical influence upon out own rights and welfare. If Russia sees nothing immoral in her own policy, it is so much the more certain (being the more natural) that site should inexorably follow it up, and therefore the more essential, that, supposing it to be detri mental to England, the British Government should, with equal resolution, resist it. No thing might be more natural than for Russia to covet the possession of the Sound and Belt, in addition to the Dardanelles ; but is that a reason why England should look on, while a Mus e wite armament seized and kept fast hold of Copenhagen, for the sake of converting the Baltic into what the Euxine bids fair to be—a Russian lake ? It is our persuasion that the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh, and its menial Courts in the north and south of Germany, have not long since sustained a rude shock in the shape of a disappointment respect ing the determinations of the British Govern ment. A threatening note was lately delivered by the Three Holy Alliance Powers to the King of the French, based on the assumption, that in case of their threats being succeeded by war, Great Britain would remain neuter. His Ma jesty's Ministers have, we suspect, done some thing to correct this singular error, explaining what their conduct would be under certain cir cumstances. This paper is said to-have been strongly couched. What pacific effects may have resulted from it a very short period must develop. In the meanwhile, every hour that passes shows England that she must be on the alert. Russia, with timber, iron, and cheap labour at command, floats down ships from St. Petersburgh, where they are built, to Cronstadt, by the machinery called a " camel." Her crews, being frozen up in barracks during the winter months, go out to sun themselves when the ice breaks away, and are taught a kind of lubberly seamanship so long as the Baltic re mains navigable. Unquestionably, it cannot be agreeable to our merchants to know that in any week, from May to November, 26 or 27 sail of the line, though manned by no better than the half-and-half creatures abovewentioned, but with forty thousand soldiers to boot,were lying-to off our eastern coast. If the question be now to avert the evils threatened by such large arma ments on the part cf Russia, the way is easy — be prepared for them.—Times. The Standard, in commenting on an article in the Chronicle of yesterday, observes : " The proposition that dissent has been lately gaining upon the Church, we utterly deny. We believe that within the last twenty or thirty years, the Establishment has gained prodigiously upon the dissenting sects. We are sure that the Church of England, or any other Christian Church, was never so efficient, tip so spiritually prosperous, as the Establishment is at this moment. Proofs of this may be seen in the very attempts made by the disaffected Dissenters to vilify and overthrow her ; more gratifying proofs, however, are visible in our crowded places of public worship.—The Morning Chronicle is obliged to go to the town of Nottingham for an example of the relative number of Churchmen and Dissenters. Why leave London ? Why go so far from the metropolis, whee more than half a million of people---more than half of the adult r pulation— partook of the Holy Communion in the several Churches of the Establishment upon the Fast-day in 1832 ? The selection of insulated and remote examples is a practical confession of weakness." We did not select insulated and remote ex amples ; but as we did not wish -to copy a whole directory into our columns, we instanced several large towns, in different counties of which ac counts 1141 been given, as a fair sample of the ecclesiastical state of the country with reference to the proportion of Dissenters to Catholics. Our contemporary asks us why we go so far from the metropolis? We have no objection to take the metropolis. In the Congregational Magazine, No. 96 (Dec. 1, 1832), there is a valuable article on the ecclesiastical statistics of the city of London and its adjacent boroughs, with ac companying maps. The author takes an ima ginary circle, drawn in the papers prefixed to the population returns of 1831, printed by order of the House of Commons, including the total population of all the parishes whose churches are situated within eight English miles from St. Paul's cathedral, amounting, in 1831, to 1,776 ; 556. This statement contains a list of all the churches and chapels, specifying the dif ferent denominations within this circle—the re sult evidently of great labour. • The whole num ber of churches and chapels is 459. Of these 265 belong to Dissenters, and only 194 to the Established Church. The Dissenters not only have the greater number of congregations, but their congregations are generally larger than those of the episcopalians. " Before a new Church," says the writer, " can be consecrated, a certain stipend is permanently secured for the clergy man ; and that done, with the help of Church rates, &c., the forms of worship are preserved. Though the people be not gathered,' the con strained attendance of the parish paupers and the parish schools will keep up appearances. Not so with the Dissenters. The very existence of these places witnesses to its efficacy. The sup port of the minister, servants, and numerous in cidental expenses must be paid by the congre gation that assembles ; and, assuredly, it its religious services are not acceptable, those who have voluntarily taxed themselves for their main tenance will soon decline the burden. Thus is is that a petty meeting-house has often a larger adult congregation than will be found in the spacious church hard by ; and we are disposed to think that the average attendance at the dissenting chapels will be found higher than the average attendance at the London Episcopalian churches, while the average measurement of the former is very much below that of the edifices of the establishment." This statistical account is arranged in such a way as to exhibit the number and denomination of churches and chapels in each division of the metropolis; and assuredly it does anything but bear out the position of the Standard, that the Established Church has of late been gaining on the Dissenters. A very large proportion of the churches and chapels of the Establishment are in rich neighbourhoods, while in the poor and populous neighbourhoods, in which the increase of the number of inhabi tants has been by far greatest of late years, there are comparatively few churches and chapels of the Establishment. This, too, seems to prove something more ; that, while the professed object of the Establishment paid by the State is to provide religious instruction for those who are unable to pay for it themselves, it so happens that the rich chiefly avail them selves of the Established Churches, while the poor supply themselves with churches. "It is obvious," says the writer of the article, "that the aggressive system is practised by the Dissenters to a much greater extent than by Churchmen. It may be their policy ; it may be their party zeal ; call it their fanaticism, if that term please ; but still here is the fact, that they are mixing like leaven with the mighty mass of London population, while their endowed bre thren touch only the surface of society. A single fact will prove this. In the poorest of the boroughs, the Tower Hamlets, in which are only 22,187 houses assessed with the house tax, out of 86,777 houses—in this poor dis• trict there are sixty-eight Dissenting Chapels, and hut twenty-two Churches, while in the city of Westminster, the richest of the Metropolitan districts, there are thirty Episcopalian Churches, and but:seventeen Dissenting Chapels. It will be tauntingly said, true, Dissenterism will not suit the refined and wealthy portions of the community, such as inhabit Westminster. It may be so, but let us ask what is the professed design of an Ecclesiastical Establishment ? Is it to provide stately temples for religious fashion ables ? or rather, is it not to christianize the bulk of the community ? Here it utterly fails. Its costly temples are multiplied to meet the taste of the sons of rank and fashion ; while those of the anvil and the loom are left to the teaching of the Sectarians—teaching which they value, and which they support, too, while their titled betters tax the community to uphold their favoured priesthood." The estimate of our Contemporary differs very materially from that of the writer in question, as to the number of persons availing themselves of the ministration of the Establishment in the metropolis. Our Contemporary talks of 500,000 persons having communicated on one day in the church and chapels of the Establishment ! The writer esti mates the congregations at 400, one with another, and concludes that in the 194 episco= pal places of worship, " there are not one hundred thousand hearers present at any ordinary service." Of the 194 churches and chapels of the Establishment, 66 are in the City, of which the whole population is only 122,395. The congregations there are very small. In fact, nine-tenths of the 194 churches are in neigh bourhoods of which the whole population, young and old (to say nothing of Dissenters), does not amount to 500,000. The estimate is ridi culous. All the churches and chapels, Episco palians and Dissenters, of the Metropolitan boroughs would not hold 500,000 persons. But, however this may be, any one who has attended to the subject knows that the Dissent ing congregations are in general much more numerous than those of the Church ; and as the Dissenters have the greater number of con gregations, they are the most numerous. " We have, as our readers may remember (says the Standard), calculated this matter before ; and have shown by data, furnished by Dissenters themselves, which fixed the average of Dissenting congregations at about 250 each, that the whole number of Dissenters in Eng land does not exceed 2,000,000, and there are included in this number the Wesleyan Methodists, who tire, in no respect, hostile to the Establishment, or ambitious of any temporal change. We are ready to go over the calcula tion again, ifthe Morning Chronicle thinks it necessary." This calculation is worth just nothing at all. Upon the principle of allowing 250 to a congre gation, we should have, out of the 1,700,000 inhabitants in the metropolitan districts, 48,500 persons belonging to the Established Church, and 66,250 to the Dissenters. Whatever the number of the congregation, that of course does not include the whole number of Dissenters connected with it. Admitting the existence of 8,000 congregations of Dissenters in England and Wales, 250 to a congregation would give two millions, and 400 to a congregation would give three millions and a half. But no one cup poses that this is the whole Dissenting popula tion. But the Standard shall have farther par ticulars. The congregations of all denominations in all the towns of any magnitude are known pretty accurately. In consequence of the rank and splendour of the metropolis, the result is much more in favour of the establishment in it than elsewhere. In all the populous manufac turing districts, the congregations of the Episco palians are seldom more titan one-fourth of the Dissenters—never more than onethird.—Morn ing Chronicle. The manifest of the Lord Blayney steamer, which was so recently shipwrecked near Liver pool, has been published, and affords a fair spe cimen of the nature of the usual exports from Ireland. Exclusive of the crew and passengers, consisting of 47 human beings, all of whom pe rished, the cargo of the ill-fated vessel was as follows : 5641 Casks of Butter 106 Bags of flour 26 Bags of Oatmeal 37 Bags of oats 8 Bags of wheat 2 Bales of linen 20 Crocks of butter 6 Boxes of eggs 4 Bags of potatoes 11 Hampers and bags of fowl 2 Hogsheads of oysters 13 Boxes and bags of quills 609 Pigs. Now, taking this to lie, as we believe it to be, a fair sample of the usual exports from Ireland, what a picture does it present. While of what was the staple manufacture of Ireland we have only two bales, the whole of this cargo, with the exception of a few quills (plucked possibly from the hampers a nd b ags o f f ow l) , cons i sts o f ar ticles of human sustenance, brought from a country the bulk of the population of which do not so much as know the taste of any but one of the articles there enumerated : and this to pay the rents of absentee landlords, the enormous amounts of which keep in poverty and destitution, or drive into exile, the cultivators of the soil. We should in be among the first t o rejoice at seeing Ireland in that state of prospe rity (to which, the absence of agitation and misgovernment, she might soon arrive) which would enable her to export to England, or else where, her surplus produce ; but a , ystem which compels the export of the first necessaries of life from a people who are themselves left to languish in misery and want is any thing but this, and may safely be pronounced as vicious and un natural in the extreme. Looking upon it for the present exclusively as an Irish question, we do not wish so much as to notice the injury done to the mother country by this unequal state of the law, or, in other words, of the legal bur dens that in the latter attach to the land which the former is entirely exempt from. We do not wish to see the public attention distracted from the simple to a complicated view of the ques tion. The simple view of it is comprised in this plain question—Can it be just or right that the common necessaries of life should be ex ported from a country, the inhabitants of which are unable to partake of them ? Frcen all we hear from our own intelligent Correspondents, as well as elsewhere, of the state of the potatoe crop, it is far from being improbable that long before the next crop can be available, great part of Ireland may be in a similar state of famine to that which so effectually roused the sympathies of England a few years ago. God forbid that such should be the case ! But should it be so, what a satire will it not form upon common sense, common justice, and common humanity, that, while the absentee landlord drains Ireland of that which, thus drawn away, produces famine, the wants of the suffering people shall be supplied, as heretofore, from sources on which they have no legitimate claim, but as fellow men and fellow Christians !—Morning Herald. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. - We understand that within these few days explanations have been demanded by Lord Palmerston from Prince Lieven as to the views of his Government with respect to Turkey. The closing of the Dardanelles upon the demand of Russia has been explained by the assurance that this demand will not be capriciously made ; and this, we believe, has been deemed satisfactory by the Foreign Secretary. Other explanations haVe been also received in the same spirit. Consi derable discussion has occurred respecting time armament of Russia in the Black Sea. Upon this and other points there is still much expla nation required. We know that, when the Diplomatic Body met at Broadlands the week before Christmas, Lord Palmerston and Prince Lieven were frequently in private conference ; but nothing was promulgated to the other repre sentatives of foreign Powers at the British Court until within these few days. We have reason to believe that Lord Palmerston declared in the last interview with the Representa►ive of Russia that if every unexplained point were not immediately cleared up, a British fleet would sail for the Mediterranean. Austria has an• nounced, through her Representatives in Lon don, that she will take no part with Russia in her present policy in the east of Europe.— Morning Post. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. The LORD MAYOR having observed the publica- tion of an order is.ued by the Middlesex magistrates fot the appropriation of a large vessel, to be moored in ihe Thames, near Execution Dock, to the keep ing of Irish and Scotch paupers previously to their removal from England to their several destination., sent for the harbour-master upon the subject, that officer having appointed the station of the ship which was to furnish such accommodation. His Lordship requited to be informed by whose autho rity the harbour-master appointed a station 'n the Thames for the vessel. Captain Fisher had acted under the directions of the navigation committee. The Middlesex magis trates had determined, as a means of diminishing the many objectionable circumstances attending the usual process of removing Irish and Scotch paupers, to keila all persons of that description in a vessel of about 300 tons in the Thames, until steam-vessel should be in readiness to take them away, and the navigation committee had referred to him as har bour-master to select a station which might be con sistent with the regulations for the conservancy of the Thames. The LORD MAYOR said that the Committee bad no right to give any authority for the station of any vessel without his permission, as Conservator of the River. He was bound, acting in that capacity, to see that no obstruction should be permitted to re main in the Thames, and he must know that this vessel for the keep of paupers would not be an oh struction before he could think of allowing it to be stationed. There was another circumstance which he was also anxious should be distinctly understood. It might be presumed, if he did not publicly di•-avow it, he sanctioned such a mode of disposing of Scotch and Irish paupers. He was so decidedly opposed to the new project, that he should take care that no Irish or Scorch paupers whom it might be necessary to pass from the City of London should be com pelled to take up their abode in the pauper-ship un til it might be convenient to send them away. He did not question the motives of the Magistrates on this occasion, but he really considered the plan as one calculated to increase, rather than alleviate, the miseries of the poor people who were to be removed. It appeared to him that the ship appointed for such a purpose as was professed would be nothing less than a prison, in which the unfortunate paupers would be confined for three or four weeks as com pletely as if they were locked up with felons in Newgaie, their own crimes being confined to that very general offence—poverty. Mr. Hobler said he believed the Magistrates were now about to try the experiment of sending paupers away by water, as a more effectual and economical way of getting rid of the enormous in flux of the poor of those countries. It was well known that paupers passed from one parish to another were in the habit of receiving relief from two or three neighbouring parishes, and then re turning to the metropolis to increase the stock of public m'sery, and it was natural to suppose that a removal by water would, in a great degree, check so great a nuisance. Mr. Gill the passmaster to the city of London, said, that in his experience the instances of the al most immediate return of paupers whom he passed were very numerous. There existed a certain class of beggars and imposers who contrived to live by the system of passing. Whole families often re turned with some ingenious excuse or other. The LORD MAYOR admitted the evils and incon veniences of the existing system, but was sure that that system ought not to be substituted except by one that was un.ieniably more advantageous. The new plan of forcing Irish paupers Leland, where every body ',mew distress abounded to a frightful extent, did not accord with his view of the maxim of " doing as we would be done by ;" end, it it were not intended to use compulsion, was it not probable that the paupers would, after being maintained in the ship until the steam-vessels were ready to transport them,refuse to go to a country where more pressing difficulties were to be encountered ? • The Harbour-Master said, that as for the appre hension that the navigation would be obstructed by appointing the vessel to the station which he had selectrd, it was quite needless to entertain the slightest. The vessel should, with his Lordship's consent, be placed near what was called the Gospel Ship, in the immediate neighbouthood of the Thames Police. The LORD MAYOR desired that the harbour master would, in his communications with the Ma gistra•es, inform them that it was to be understood that at the same time that he should not oprotAe the stationing of the vessel in the Thames he did not give his sanction to the use intended to be made of that vessel. MARLBOROUGH -STREET. A fine-looking young man, of the name of Batley, was brought before Mr. DYER, charg w:th beg ging in Piccadilly. Hendrick, police constable No. 112, C division, about seven o'clock on Tuesday night was on duty in Piccadilly, and saw the defendant standing against a house, asking alms of several persons. He cautioned the prisoner not to beg; but finding his admonition unattended to, he took him to the stat ion-house. Mr. DYER—What can cause a healthy-looking young man like you to follow such a disreputable mode of living? Defendant—Distress has induced me to beg, Sir. Mr. DYER—What has been your mode of living ? Defendant—l am a native of Manchester, where I formerly carried on an extensive business as a pa,, n• broker. About seven months ago I was induced to come to London with my wife. Since my arrival I have never been able to get into any employment. What property and valuables I brought with me are sold, and I have not an article worth a penny. My wife at the same time is lying ill. The constable was here desired to go to the pri soner's lodgings to ascertain if his statement was correct. Upon the return of the officer, Mr. DYER was informed the defendant's statement was correct ; there was not a single thing in the room worth 6d. Mr. DYER—Under these circumstances I shall discharge the defendant, with the caution, that if found begging again and brought here, he will be committed. Defendant—The instant my wife is able to walk, I shall return to Manchester. John Slone, late butler to Mr. Mitchell, of 42, Charlez-street, Berkeley-square, was brought up for final examination, charged on suspicion of stealing plate of the value of several hundred pounds.--The prisoner was committed. MAR YLEB ONE. BURGLARY.—John Barrelb, a servant out of place, %%as yesterday brought up in custody and Placed at the bar, charged with burglariously enter.. ing the dwelling-house of Captain Robert Melville Grindlay, No. 35, North Bank, St. John's Wood, and stealing therefrom five silk handkerchiefs; a gold watch, chain, seal, key, and ring, value sixty guineas;' a purse, containing two Si. Bank of Eng land notes, and two sovereigns and a half in gold; a snuff-box, cameo ring, pencil-case, and various other articles of but trifling value. Robert Melville Grindlay, who holds a Captain's commission in the East India Company's service, between three and four o'clock yesterday morning was awoke by hearing a noise ; he got up and rang the female servant's bell, who, on answering the summons, said that the police were below making a noise. They then went down stairs together, and on going up the area steps he saw the prisoner, whom he immediately recognised as a man who formerly lived in his (witness's) service about eight months since, in custody of a policeman. A.' the entrance of his bed-room, out of which the property had been taken, he found a pair of shoes belonging to the prisoner, and in the adjoining room the whole of his wardrobe was packed up in a bundle ready to be carried off. The articles pro duced were belonging to him. Captain G. further stated that be found the prisoner to be, while in his service, a most invaluable servant ; that his only failing was drunkenness, in consequence of which vice he was obliged to discharge him. He waited about ten days ago on a French Countess to give the prisoner a character, which he did. He did not know whether the prisoner had been engaged or not. The prisoner must have effected an entrance by means of the coal-cellar at the back of the house, the grating of which had been by some neglect left unfastened.—The prisoner, who said nothing in defence, was fully committed to Newgate for trial. QUEEN-SQUARE. IMPORTANT TO LICENSED VICTUALLERS.—Mr. Smith, the landlord of the S•van public-house, at Walhim-green, appeared before Messrs. GREGORIE and BURRELL, to answer an information Itt;id ußainst him by Byers, the informer, for serving liquors du ring the hours of divine service. The informer's witness stated that on last Sun day week lie went into the defendant'• house during the hours of divine service in the afternoon, and saw three persons drinking there. Mr. GREGORIE —What had you to d r ink ? Wit nes,—N Mr. GREGORIE—Did you call for anything ? Wirne , s—The landlord refused to serve me. Mr. GREGORIE—Do you !mow who the persons were th:it you saw drinking ? Witness—l do not. Mr. GREGORIE —Then, for aught you know to the contrary, they mrght be travellers drinking? Witness—l do not know who they were. The defendant, in reply, said that his house was a roadside house, and the greater part of his cus tomers were travellers who resorted to it, and he was compelled by law to serve them. There were certainly three persons in the house who had come in previous to his house being closed, and ordered dinner, which he served them, supposing them to be traveller. No man could take greater care to preserve order and regularity in his house than tie did, and he made a point never to serve any per son during divine service without he thought he was a traveller. The Magistrates said that they did not consider the case made out at all. It was quite evident that the witness did not know whether the persons he saw were travellers or not, and the case was there fore dismissed. The German journals have given some tables which prove that the distance between the earth and the son is increasing annually by one-thousandth part of that distance, and they argue from it that the in creasing humidity of our summers and loss of fertility by the earth, is to he solely attributed to this circumstance. In the course ~f 6,000 years from the present time, they assume the distance will be so great that only an eighth part of the warmth we now enjoy from the sun will be communicated to the earth, and that then it will be co ver,d with eternal ice, in the same manner as we now see the plains of the north, where the elephant formerly lived, and have neither spring nor autumn. No credit has been hitherto given to a tradition of the ancient Egyptians and Chinese, according to which those people fortnerly saw the sun's di,c almost four times as large as we now see it ; for they estimated the apparent diameter of the sun at the double of what it is seen in our days. If, however, we pay attentio❑ to the continued diminution of the apparent diameter of the sun, according to the best observations for several centuries, we must suppose that the ancients were not mistaken in the estimates which they have transmitted to us. CATHOLICISM IN SWITZERLAND.—The following facts and observations from M. Brockeden's in t!resting '6 Excursions in the Alps," are calculated to give rise to reflections applicable nearer home :—" It is impos sible (says this amusing writer) to notice the filth, the laziness, and beggary of the inhabitants of the Catholic cantons of Switvrland—of these the Tessin are, perhaps, Le worst—without believing that the religion of the State in which these unfortunate people live is either a direct or the remote cause of their state of degradation, or that it epera , es as a powerful check to their advancement to such a state of social comfort and moral worth as their neigh • hems enjoy, who are less under the terrors of the Catholic Church, and the influence of its priesthood. Where the coefes-ional subjects every one to the chance of the abuses of its privileges. no m in's cottage is a sanctua , y from the intrusions of the priest, whose violations of decorum, and abuses of the confidence which he claims for his become an ex imple which his precepts cannot check—so much fur the minister. Then the Church demands, to sustain its influence and prove its power, so great a portion of the time of the labourin4 man, that fetes, fasts, and proce-sions, in honour of the Virgin and the Saints, take one-third of the hours God has given him for labour. It is not then to be wondered that a people controlled by such religious observances as give a master to each man's mind, and can claim, under penalty, the utter waste of so much f his time, should lose the use of the energies they dare not display, and be impoverished, by being robbed of that time which, being usefully employed, would establish habits of industry, and reward their exercise with health and competence. It is not prejudice, but a fact, that the line which separates a Catholic from a Protestant canton, is more decidedly mat kcd by the squalid and porerty-stricken appearance . of the people in one, contrasted Niththe look of independence among Ithose of the other, t by any geographical line of demarcation." • UNITED STATES BANK. The report of the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States on the removal of the public deposits from the Bank, was laid before both Houses of the Congress on the 4th of December. The report commences by quoting the Act of Incorporation, which expressly reserves to the Se• cretary of the Treasurer the power of removing public deposits, with the condition, that at the earli est moment he shall state his reasons for so doing. It then proceeds, by a chain of reasoning and histo rical reference, to establish the two following prin ciples : " Ist. That the power of removal was intended to be reserved exclusively to the Secretary of the Treasury, and that, according to the stipulations in the Charter, Congress could not direct it to be done. _ " 2d. That the power reserved to the Secretary of the Treasury does not depend for its exercise Fnerely on the safety of the public money in the hands of the Bank, nor upon the fidelity with which it has conducted itself ; but he has the right to remove the deposits, and it is his duty to remove them, whenever the public interest or convenience will be promoted by the change." The following are the sentiments expressed in this document as to the claims of the Batik to the re newal of its Charter : " It is very evident that the Bank has no claim to renewal, founded on the justice of Congress; for, inde pendently of the many serious and insurmountable objec tions which its own conduct has furnished, it cannot be supposed that the grant to this Corporation of exclusive privileges, at the expense of the rest of the community, for 20 years, can give it a right to demand the still further enjoyment of its profitable monopoly." Next comes the general ground on which the withdrawal of the deposits is justified. " On the 3d of March, 1836, the Charter expires ; and as soon as this happens all the outstanding notes of the Bank will lose the peculiar value they now possess, and the notes payable at distant places become as much depre ciated as the notes of the local banks; and if, in the mean time, no other currency is substituted in its place, by common consent, it is easy to foresee the extent of the embarrassment which would be caused by the sudden de rangement of the circulating medium. It would be too late at that time to provide a substitute which would ward off the evil. The notes of the Bank of the United States in circulation on the 2d of September last, which was the date of the latest return before me, when the order for removal was given, amounted to 18,413,287 dol. 07c., scattered in every part of the United States; and it a safe and sound currency were immediately provided, on the termination of the Charter, to take the places of these notes, it would still require time to bring it into general use, and, in the interim, the people would be subjected to all the inconveniences and losses which would necessarily arise from an unsound state of the currency. " The monthly statement of the Bank, of the 2d Sept. last, hef)re referred to, shows that the notes of the Bank and its branches then in circulation, amounted to 18,413,287 dol. 07c., and that its discounts amounted to the sum of 62,653,259 dol. 59c. The immense circu lation above stated, pervading every part of the United States, and most commonly used in the business of com merce, between distant places, must all be withdrawn from circulation when the Charter expires. If any of the notes then remain in the hands of individuals remote from the branches at which they are payable, their im mediate depreciation will subject the holders to certain loss. Those payable in the principal commercial cities, would perhaps retain nearly their nominal value : but this would not be the case with the notes of the interior branches, remote from the great marts of trade ; and the statements of the Bank will show that a great part of its circulation is composed of notes of this description." Another ground which influenced the determina tion of the Secretary to withdraw the deposits was the conduct of the Batik in limiting its issues, to the great detriment of the public, and with a view to embarrass the existing Government. Various calculations are set forth in the report, to show the operation of this measure, but it is unnecessary that we should enter so minutely into this part of the subject as to give those details. Five millions of dollars, it appears, were withdrawn from circulation by the Bank of the United States, and the State Banks were compelled, in self-defence, to contract their issues to the same amount. The report goes on to add— " It was impossible that the commercial community could have sustained itself touch longer under such a policy. In the two succeeding months the collections of the Bank would probably have exceeded fire =Lions more, and the State Rinks would have been obliged to curtail in equal sum. The reduction of Bank accona moilations to the amount of 19 million. of Jnikrs, in tour months, must have almo,t, put au end to trade; and before the Ist of October this pressure in the pi cotnrner (nal cities had b,come so intense, that it c: old nut have been endured much longer without the most serious embarrassments." . . Several in-tances are enumerated, in which the terms of the Charter have been violated by the Bank, and the whole argument is summed up in the following charges against that Corporation : " That by means of its Exchange C nninittee, it has so arranged its business as to deprive the public servants of those opportunities of observ►ng its conduct which the law had provided for the safety of the public money con tide.l to its care ; and there is sufficient evidence to show that this arrangement on the part of ti,e Bank was demibe rately planned, and is sill persisted in for the purpose of concealment. •° That it has also, in the case of the Three per Cent. Stock, and of the bill of exchange on France, endeavouted unjustly to advance its own interests, at the expense of the interests and the just rights of the people of the United States. " That there is sufficient evidence to show that the Bank has been, and still is, seeking to obtain political power, and has used its mi,ney for the purpose of infl a encing the election of the public servants, and it was incumbent upon the Secretary of the Treasury, on that account, to withdraw from its possession the money of the United States which it was bus using for improper pur poses. Upon the whole, I have felt myself bound, by the strongest obligations, to remove the deposits. The obliga tion was imposed upon me by the near approach of the time when this Corporation will cease to exist, as well a• by the course of conduct which it has seen fit to pursue.". The following spirited allusion to the power of the Bank, with which we shall conclude our ex tracts, will show that the Government is not igno• rant of the importance of the enemy with which it has to contend:— _ . " I am, however, well aware of the vast power of the Bank of the United States, and of its ability to bring dis tress and suffCring on the country. " This is one of the evils of chattering a Bank with such an amount of capital, with the right of shooting its branches into every part of the Union, so as to extend its influence to every neighbourhood. But I have not sup posed that the course of Government ought to be regulated by the fear of the power of the Bank. If such a motive could b allowed to influence the legislation of Congress, or the action of the Executive Departments of the Govern ment, there is an end to the Sovereignty of the people, and the liberties of the country are at once surrendered at the feet of a moneyed Corporation. They may now de-' mand the possession of the public money, or the renewal of the Charter, and if these otjects are yielded to them, from apprehension of their power, or from the suffering which rapid curtailments on their part are indicting on the community, what may they not next require ? Will submission render such a Corporation more forbearing in its course ? What Itw may it not hereafter demand, that it will not, if it pleases, be able to enforce by the same means ?" FIRE AT THE MANSION HOUSE, DUBLIN. —The Lord Mayor and his establishment had a most pro vidential escape from fire on Friday morning. His Lotd. ship's only child, Miss Whiteford, at an early hour, found herself extremely ill, her breathing being very much aff.-cted, and she found it difficult to raise her head from her pillow. On getting up she discovered ter room filled with smoke, and on proceeding to an adjoining apartment where two female servants slept, she found one of them leaning mu the wall speechless, and the other so heavily asleep that it was with gi eat difficulty she was awakened. The young lady instantly despatched one of the maids to awake the servent men, and she at once proceethd to arouse her father, who sprung from his apartment, and finding the house filling with smoke, despatched messen gers for fire-engines. A search was instantly set on foot but some time elapsed before Cie concealed tire was dis covered. Some old timber in one of the chimneys had ignited, and the fire was fast spreading. Had a few hours more elapsed without discovery, the whole building would have been in fl dries, and the f:lnale servant, would have unquestionably been suff,cated. Two engines were timely set to play, and they, in a short space of time, got the fire completely under.—Dublin Freeman's Journal. AGRICULTURAL REPORT for DECEMBER. The whole seed season and the existing appear ance of the wheat above ground has been and are so rationally satisfactory, both with regard to pre sent and future views, that, had the farmers no other causes of dissatisfaction, they would, indeed, approach as nearly as possible to the attainment of human prosperity. The appearance of the wheats is eminently satis factory, since on good and highly productive soils they have a most luxuriant and healthy appearance, wearing a fine burnish of deep green, without the instances being many of the danger of their outrun. ning and exhausting the roots, in the well-known common phrase of winter pride; and with respect to the crops on inferior, impoverished, or improper sorts, they generally do not disgrace their mother earth, since they exhibit a promise of full as much success as could be rationally and practically expected from them. THE MARKETS. KET.—Jan. 1. Per Ton s. d, Walls Fnd Newmarch..... 16 3 Ditto Northumberland . 16 6 Walls End Perkin 5........., 15 9 "ails End Riddell's ....... 17 6 Walls Eno:11 etton ...--. 19 3 Walls End Lambron ......... 19 3 W. E. Russell's Hetton— 19 0 Wal , , 1.0 -d..wart'4—...... 19 3 Walls End Springwell ... 14 0 Dixon's Butterknowl—... 15 0 Walls End Adelaide ..„.. :7 0 W. E South Durham., 17 0 Walls End Tees —........ 17 6 Hartley .........................„.„ 15 9 New Flockton, Milne, and C 0... . ...... ., ,.,,,,.,,.., 14 9 ast market-day, 14. COAL MAR Per Ton. Adair's 15 6 Hebburn Alan 15 3 H.tlywell Ord's Iledhloch 14 0 Pontop Windsor 15 3 n►ield..... 15 0 West Hartley l5 9 Wylam 16 6 Walls End Bell & Brown 16 3 WE. 8.,11, Robson, & Co. 16 6 W lls End Uarr and Co. 15 6 W.E. Clarke and 15 0 Walls End 16 6 Walls End 16 3 Walls End 110t5p0r—.....,. 15 6 Walls End Howden—... 17 3 Ships arrived since cE , UNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING 7HR WFFK, Wheat. - Barley. I oats. Beans. Per Quarter. s. to s. s. to s. s. to s. s. to s. Abingdon 62 81 31 43 22 30 38 Andover..--- 50 61 24 28 Birmingliam--... 56 58 30 40 16 22 48 Briclport 56 74 32 36 26 30 54 Cirencester 40 56 24 29 18 28 39 baringdon...--. 54 86 36 40 26 34 46 Guildford ........... 48 74 23 32 26 35 43 54 83 30 35 20 30 40 Hereford 64 68 32 34 22 28 -. 46 Highworth 62 80 32 42 28 34 56 Maidenhead 56 68 34 44 22 30 36 37 Monmouth.- 66 68 32 36 24 28 42 Reading 40 66 22 36 14 26 56 Sal i sbury 42 54 26 29 20 24 36 54 Southampton ....... 54 58 3.3 40 28 32 54 Stroud - 54 Tewkesbury 53 37 30 38 46 Uxbridge 48 74 26 34 20 26 48 Wantage—..--. 58 80 27 32 17 23 34 44 Warminster 48 58 25 31 22 26 34 46 Windsor 59 2 1 22 43 Worcester 5O 57 30 32 24 32 44 LEWES MARKET.—Dec 31. White Wheat (per quarter) X 2 10 oto £2 14 0 Red ditto.. 2 6 0 2 12 0 Barley .••••••••••• 1 9 0 1 10 0 Oats, New 0 19 0 1 1 0 Pease 1 16 0 0 0 0 Oil Cake, New l2 10 0 per thousand. -- - 40 - 54 - 46 43 - 40 - 46 - 56 36 37 42 - 56 36 54 10 0 to £ 6 0 9 0 19 0 16 0 10 0 per th, 0 0 rousand. CHELTENIHAM 1 Per Bushel. s. d. to s. d. _ . Wheat - Barley 3 0 3 9 Mutton Oats ° 6 3 3 Veal Beans 11 A [MET.—Dec. 31. Per lb. d. to d. 61. 7 O 7 O 7 O 7 0 Pease 5 0 7 0 Lamb Hay 3l. 108 to 3/. 15s. Od. per ton. HULL MARKET.—Dec. 31 Wheat, Old —s. 405.50' New —s. 445. 4Ss. Foreign —s. 50s. 545. ln bond... —s. —s. —s. Oats, Poland —s. ISs. 20s Old —s. —B. —I. Small or Feed.... —s. 16s. 18s —s. ...-.3. ...5. Foreign —s. 16s. Hiis -tea. ..-11. —s. Barley, Norf. & Suit.... —s 24. 30s. Linc. & Wold —s. 26s 28s. Foreign Beans —s. 325. 345. F0reign......... —B, — a . — a. Pease, White....... —s. 425. 465. Grey —s. 325. 31s. "Faros --s. —s. —s. Foreign Rapeseed. in bond none. DUMFRIES MA. s. d. s.d. s. d. s. d. Wheat, Imp. Bush 5 9 to 6 9 Butter, l6oz. 0 8 too 9 Barley. Oats 2 0 2 4 Beef, per score 8 0 9 0 _ _ R K 'S.—Dec. 25. Flour, 141 b. Oatmeal 1 6 1 9 Veal 0 4 0 4 Potatoes, cwt. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS AT THE COURT, BASINGHALL-STREET. (From the London Gazette.) TO-MORROW, JAN. 3. ly, H. E. Cussell, sen., dealer in coals, Croydon W. lt. Croggon, auctioneer, Bartholomew-lane J. Hook, insurance -broker, Canonbury-square, Islington 2 11 DIVIDENDS. H. J. A. Palmer and Co., wholesale drapers, Lawrence-lane....at 12 H. Cooper, paper-manufacturer, Upper Clapton ll BERNADOTTE AND HIS " CAMARADE DE Lie."—Many people in France have witnessed, with much surprise, the strange susceptibility of the King of Sw-den, who has, like a child, vented his spleen on the French Government, the vautlevillists, and the press, and propa gated menaces in all diteetione, merely becau-e be happened to be made one of the characters in a piece de circonstance and thus has he rendered himself the laughingstock of Europe. Their surprise, however, will perhaps cease to exist when they know the incidents of the piece are not fictitious, but true. Charles John Bernadotte, when he was a soldier, had a companion who slept with biro, named Thiebault, and who is now a ship carpenter in the department of la Meuse, near Bois le Due. In . 1814, when there was not a generous heart in France which would not have swelled with indignation at the name of Bernadotte, be still had one friend remaining, who had long wept over him,_ and had not yet been able either to forget or despi-e him ; this friend was Thieb mit. The latter, less fortunate, or perhaps more fortunate, than his " camarade de lit," had after the wars of the republic, returned to his own village, and, placing the musket over the chimney of his cottage, resumed his former condition anti employment. He would have been proud of having had a King for a bedfellow, if the King had not betrayed France. He often thought upon the fact himself, but never mentioned it to any one. Fifteen years rolled on, during which time Bernadotte sat on the throne, and Thiebault continued his humble avocations. Suddenly, the revolution of July broke out. A thought struck Thie. bault,—his friend—his ttrother-imarms--his bedfellow ! —migi.t he not reinstate himself in his friendship? Tbie hault took up his pen and wrote ; but it was with painful feelings that he had to correct his familiar style; the words " Sire," and " your Majesty," appeared so extraordin try between Bernadotte and himself, that he had to recom mence his letter several times, in order to write " Sire," instead of "My dear friend," and "your Majesty," instead of " you." At length be finished his letter, and Sticceeded in expressing himself in good terms of etiquette. In his letter to his Majesty he related the events of the revo lution of the three days, expressing the apprehensions of France at a time when Europe seemed to be ready to fall upon that country. " Perhaps," said be, "if a new coalition should be formed against France, we would fight agaitist her enemies as we did when I bad the honour of being the bedfellow of your Majesty." Then be besought him to recall to mind his native country, again to become a Frenchman at heart, and to risk his crown for France if she should be again threatened. Bernadotte replied to his letter, not, indeed, to say be still remembered France, or was ready to serve her, but to send 200 francs to a man whose name his Majesty said he bad not forgotten. At the reception of sum' a notice of his letter he could no longer contain his indignation. The next day was Sunday, and he a ssembled all the inhabitants of the parish as they were proceeding to mass, read to them his own letter, next that of his Majesty, anti then, taking the Royal donation, threw it into the Meuse. —Le Temps. BIRTHS. On the 22d ult., at Theberton House, sufrolk, the lady of Thos. Gibson, Esq., of a son, which only survived a few hours. On the 30th ult., at th e res id ence of her father , New Grove house, Bromley, Mr s. G eorge Simpson, o f La Chine, M ontreal, of a daughter. On the 31st ult., at Portland-terr ace, Regent's.park, Mrs. Thomas Evans, of a son. On the 29th ult., a t Maresfield , th e lady of William Day, Esq., of a son. .sqltare, Mrs. Henry Willoughby, On the let inst., in Bedford of a daughter. MARRIED. On the Ist inst., at St. Pancras Church, Arthur Smith, Esq., to Anne, widow of the late George Noble, Esq., and youngest daughter of the late John Barker, Esq., of Grove terrace, Kentish-town. On the 3lst ult., at Sulhamstead, Henry Robert Burfoot,. of the Inner Temple, Esq., to Mary Anne, eldest daughter o f the late William Thoyts, of Sulhamstead-house, Berks- On the 31st ult., Mr. J osep h G a i ns f or d, to bliss Harriot Comber, both of Cowden, Rent. DIED. On the 3lst ult., at Chelsea, in her Blst year, Catherine widow of the late Evans Jones, Esq• On the 30th ult., George Thompson. Esq., at Grove-place, Hackney, in his 79th year. On the 31st ult., Mr. John Thompson, of the Adelphi, in his 53d year. On the 31st ult., at Westmoreland.place, City road, Mr. John Tucker, aged 30. MU RDO YOUNS,Arrsa 112 3 STnia Uu. PILINTUD AND rUsßvl:ll4s.7nue‘z• I