The Sun. — London, England, 1825-03-15 00:00:00

111 E LONDON JOURNALS. DA I LY E'ztrucil from the Morning . Papers,March 15,1525. [AI ORNI NG POST.] %/r. Ilutne'3 motion for abolishing the Sinking Fund, and remitting its amount in taxes, does not seem to be very strenuously supported, even j by the part of the Opposition Press which has given it attention. We consider this fact a sort of negative proof, that in the present state of the iauntry taxation is not felt as a sensible pressure upon indutry, and consequently that the most adventurous of the Public are not disposed to risk, for the sake of immediate relief, an experi ment of great moment on national credit. The advocates of Mr. Flume's proposition admit the grounds upon w!►ich we have asserted it ought to be argued. They do not deny that the Sinking - Fund is beneficial, but fairly make it a question of comparison between the advantages allowed to be produced by the actual operation of that Fund, and the supposed advantages with which its surrender would he followed. In time of war, the utility of a Sinking Fund as an engine of public credit, cannot, we think, be problematical. The prospect it holds forth of eventually recleern ir►g the eilgaffements of the country, and the evi deuce it affords of great existing resources, 1 capable of furnishing so large a surplus re venue, must raise Government Securities to a much higher price than they would other wise maintain. In contracting for large loans the benefits then resulting, both as regards their rate of interest and their nominal capital, are obvious. lo time of race a somewhat similar effect is obtained by the same means—the very existence of the Sinking Fund keeps up the price of the Stocks, and its application in the market still further tends to the same end. It is likewise manifest that in so far as the enhanced rate of Government Securities may enable Mi nisters to reduce the annual interest of the debt, the Sinking Fund is most useful in time of peace. The saving which has already been effected in this manner by the reduction of the 5 and 4 per cents. illustrates our position completely. But while the Sinking Fund operates so beneficially in one respect, it operates equally so in another. Nyt only does it indirectly lessen the annual charge on the debt by the above process, viz. by enabling Ministers to reduce the rate per cent. on Government Securities, but as it yearly pays off a portion of the capital of the debt, it fur ther and directly lessens the annual charge of the debt, by the interest on the amount of capital so redeemed. Thus the Sinking Fund liqui dates the public burdens ; first, by raising and keeping up the price of the Stocks, and so enabling the Legislature to reduce the higher rates. of interest; secondly, by paying off the capital of the ifebt itself ; and thirdly, by dimi nishing the aggregate charge of the debt, by a stem equal to the interest of the capital so paid off. Such is the simple operation of that surplus, and its compound operation is of course still more beneficial. Now, it has already been demon strated, in and out of Parliament, that without at least trenching upon this fund, no further reduc tion of taxes can at present take place. We merely ask then, would the public forego the above great and most important advantages as regards the present and the future, to get rid of taxes which ar►e at this moment not distressing, and which ►till unquestionably be repealed with out any sacrifice of public advantage, before the expiration of a very limited time indeed. We are, in fine, as anxious as any one can be to see the whole of the Assessed Taxes remitted, but we should be sorry in aiming at a good to perpe trate an evil. iNEW TIMES] To those of our timid Politicians who have Leen alarmed with the idea that Prince Metter nich was going to Paris to form a combination of the great Continental Powers against England, it may be consolatory to know that the Austrian Statesman has not the slightest intention of preaching up a Crusade against the Abettors of South American Independence. Private letters which reached us yesterday from a quarter en titled to our fullest reliance, assure us that the best informed persons in Paris expect diplo matic discussions of a very different charac ter : and stranger things have come to pass then that we deserters, as we have been called, from the cause of European civiliza tion, should have to interpose our good offices to prevent a rupture between the two Imperial Members of the Holy Alliance. A pamphlet has jest appeared in Paris, under the title of " De PEtat Politique de 1' Europe en 1825," which may be. regarded as a direct manifesto against the avowed principles of the Holy Alliance. ft is artonymous, but as every trifle in matters of po litical mystery is laid hold of as important, it has linen observed, that the Publisher, Elossange, is lookseller to his Royal Highness the Duke of Orleans. While we are speaking of Paris news, we cannot. but advert to the error of one of our Correspondents, who, in a letter from that capital, published in our Ya p per of the 19th of January, noticed some scandalous rumours against the Marquis de Cus tine.--This respectable nobleman was barbarously assaulted by wile villains as . he was returning at Might from St. Dennis, during the funeral solem nities for the late King. AS the culprits were uot, immediately discovered, some malevolent warms insinuated that the Marquis had drawn the ,attack: on himself, by his* . own misconduct; apd,. had, in consequence, been advised to retire ft:ma : ooe ttOmerica. The name even of a worthy Magistrate,' M. Franchet, was cited as having sancr!9ntd these imputations °I! the Marquis, but 11re Iltt*e an t hoyity to state that by the investigation it . tat.ttiolF: i place; before M. Franchet,and by the tAffiSion of, the criminals themselves who were flWlftt.A!s .detectedi it was proved beyond . a Oak; ;hat they had mistaken the Martinis for We _have the satisfaction to add that . de Custine is nearly recovered from the elfects of the bruizes he received ; and so far MUM quitting his native country, he still remains at Paris, amidst an extensive and highly re spectable circle of relatives and friends. [THE TIMES.] There was much heaviness yesterday in the market for the sale of shares, and the mania was in soak• degree checked by some of them being sold at a discount. A great number of new un dertakings are announced, and the list of them ,‘‘;% lis with a rapidity which ought to make pru dent men look about them. It is not our pro vince, nor is it in our power, to inquire into the merits of each ; we must limit ourselves to a caution to those concerned, to look before they leap, and to reflect how impossible it is that all the current undertakings should succeed. The greater the number, of course the greater the danger. We would particu larly direct attention to the individuals who constitute the direction of the new companies. It has been shown before, that some men engage in far more than they can possibly conduct, even were their whole time devoted to the purpose; but the major part, as is notorious, have pursuits in life which of themselves occupy them almost wholly. How, then, can they fulfil the various duties they have undertaken ? We understand that a distinguished capitalist in the city has had, within the last week, more than an hundred new projects submitted to his consideration, in the hope of introducing them into public notice un der his sanction. [MORNING HERALD.] From some cause tin. British Funds continued yesterday to he in a very low and desponding state. News of a favourable nature does not tend to enliven them ; but any ru mour, provided it is of an unfavourable nature, has an imme diate tendency to depress them. Consols for the current Ac count opened yesterday morning at 93ii, and very shortly, without any assignable cause , went down to 43, at which they closed, with a very heavy Market throughout the day. The Foreign Market was very heavy yesterday. In the Continental Securities, however, there was but little variation ; but in the South American Securities there was a decline of from a quarter to a half per cent. in all. Greek Bonds and Scrip also remained heavy, and were, upon the whole, a shade lower than on Satur day. A complete gloom pervaded the Scheme Market, and it was difficult to find purchasers, even at reduced prices. Not withstanding, however, various new schemes are talked of. This day is Settling Day, both in Foreign Funds and in all the Schemes, which in some measure accounts for the drowsiness of the Bulls. We on Saturday noticed the pamphlet which the Directors of the Pasco Mining Company had published in an swer to the recent objections of the Company, and we also stated that the Shares had, notwithstanding, considerably fallen in value; that fall was yesterday followed up by a further decline of 7/. on each Share : and, when we give the fol lowing short extract front the pamphlet alluded to, the public may not be surprised at the decline. The following is the lan guage of the Directors themselves :—" As the Government of Peru has constantly manifested a determination to encourage all such enterprises as are calculated to improve the revenue, and in other ways to promote the welfare of the country, and as the mines are there justly regarded as the chief sources of national benefit, the Directors conceive they should have been justified in establishing a Company for working mines in Peril, even if they had not, at the time of forming such a Company, secured a contract for a single mine." [MORNING CHRONICLE.] Nothing tends more to lower the character of the administration of justice in this country than the arbitrary manner in which Judges and in ferior Magistrates observe or disregard certain rules and maxims of law. We have more than once alluded to the absurd caution given to men accused of crimes, not to say any thing which may be ( vidence against themselves. When the feelings of the Magistrate are enlisted on the side of the accused, he gives this caution ; when he feels, on the other hand, an anxiety to convict him, so far from giving the caution, he either en deavours directly by finesse to extort a confes sion when there is a want of evidence, or he con-' nives at the use of finesse by others to extort a con lesson, whic;i, when once made, the accused is led to repeat before him. Some time ago a Judge severely reprimanded a Constable for endeavour ing to draw from a female that she had murdered her child. On Saturday again, on the other hand, a girl of thirteen was indicted at Chelms ford for feloniously setting fire to a building con nected with the workhouse of the parish of Tendring. T:te prisoner had been very active in extinguishing the fire, but suspicion attached to her from her having been seen by a labourer going out of the building some time before the flames were discovered. On being taxed by one of the parish officers with the act, she was told that there was no use in deny ing it, because she had been seen ; but she re solutely maintained that she was innocent On be ing taken, however, before a bench of Magistrates, she confessed. Mr. K nox,Counsel for the prisoner, strongly urged, according to the report, the inad missibility of the evidence, in consequence of the finesse resorted to previous to her examination before the Justices, but the Judge repelled the objection. We do not learn that he found any fault %.ith the course which had been adopt ed in this case. For reasons which we have before assigned, we do think that the confession of the accused ought always to be encouraged rather than discouraged. Of all possi ble evidence, that which a party gives against him self is the most to be depended on. But we object to the arbitrary manner in which Magistrates are allowed to observe or depart from a rule, accord ing as they wish to secure an acquittal or a con viction. The crime was, no doubt, a very hein ous one, a crime which is very properly viewed with great abhorrence, and the sentence of death was no doubt merited ; but criminal proceedings ought not to vary with the feelings of every per son entrusted with the execution of the laws. [anmsn PRESS.] The Bill at present passing through the House, on the subject of the Quarantine Laws is one of extreme concern to the commercial world ; and we feel that we shall render an acceptable ser vice to the public by drawing attention to the most interesting sources of information on a sub ject so important to its interests. The Petition of Dr. Maclean, presented by Nlr. John Smith, on Friday evening, contains a statement of facts respecting the nature of epidemic disease, as dis tinguished from contagion, which well deserve the ea rues t attention of the reader, and which will lead his mind to the most satisfactory conclusion. It is averred in this Petition, and the averment cannot lie refuted, that, " in principle, quarantine laws very much resemble our ancient laws against witchcraft, recently re pealed, with this material difference in practice, that whilst they a.e infinitely more destructive, they have not however fallen into disuse ; that, as - the petitioner has proved at large in works which are before the public, these laws are in times of pestilence a powerful additional cause of sickness and mortality, as well as in other re spects highly injurious to many of the best inte rests of communities; that they impede science, produce immorality, obstruct travelli►►g, restrict commerce, navigation, and manufactures, occasion the failure of expeditions and the destruction of armaments, are injurious to the general consumer and the public revenue, and are capable of being, as they have sometimes been on the Continent of Europe, rendered subservient to the purposes of despotism ; that the detriment which has been sustained by this nation in direct charges of quarantine, in losses by detention of ships, goods, crews, and passengers, and in consequence of re strains upon commerce and navigation generally, during the one hundred and four years that this singular system has been in operation, must have been enormous ; that at home only the annual di rect charges of quarantine have for the last 20 years averaged nearly 30,0001., and that the losses by detention of ships and cargoes, accord ling to the number (857) detained last year, may be computed at about 200,0001. annually, inde pendent of similar charges and losses, probably in a greater degree in the Colonies." The policy of continuing in force those laws, which not only give an effective sanction to all this evil, but actually inflict it, can hardly, we think, i►► this enlightened era, he much longer matter of serious deliberation. The same subject is like wise most ably discussed in the last number of the IVesiminsier Review, in an article from which we formerly made some interesting extracts, and which we would strongly recommend to the peru sal of every one who is anx►ous to inform his mind fully upon the facts. In this article, and in Dr. Maclean's petition, he will find all the materials put before him wi►ich can furnish the means of investigation, and accompanied with such evidence as will carry conviction to every inquirer who comes to the examination with his judgment unbiassed, and with no other desire than to embrace that side of the question which reason and science shall be found most decidedly to support. The subject has under gone so complete an investigation since the Re port on Quarantine of the Select Committee of the House of Commoni on tl►e Foreign Trade, published last year, and the evidence, which was then considered insufficient, hai been since strengthened by such an accession of medical au thorities, and such an accumulation of determi nate facts, that we trust the Quarantine Law will not be permitted to survive the present Session, and that the foreign trade of the country will be relieved from those oppressive and vexatious re strictions which are so severely felt, and the mischievous results of which have been so forcibly pointed out. ITIIE PUBLIC LEDGER.] Intelligence as late as the 23d of Nov em b er was received y e ste r day from Calcutta, w hi c h wholly ov e rtu r ns the sinister interpretation which had been p u t o n the painful occurrence whi c h took place at Barrackpore, about the begin ning of that month. The native troops, so far from having been debauched by the mutinous ex ample, or alienated by the exemplary punishment, of the 47th, were at that period tranquil anti obedient. A Court-Martial had been held on several of the ringleaders, who were shot pur suant to their sentence. This intelligence was brought by the York Indiaman, who left the Mellish at St. Helena. The latter is charged with dispatches for the Court of Directors, which the York offered to take care of; but the pro posal was declined, in the expectation that the Mellish would reach England as soon as the York. As soon as this arrival was known yesterday in the City, a number of loose and contradictory rumours got into circulation.-- It was said that an armistice had been I , concluded between the Burmese and our troops, as preliminary step to negociations for peace. The next report was of a very different character, according to which 8,000, or according to another version only 4,000 of the native troops, had joined the Burmese. Lastly, the old iv.' mour was revived respecting the disposition of l the Siamese to make common cause with our Indian army, with this alteration, however, that what had been before a presumption, as sumed a character of absolute certainty. None of these rumours, however, seemed to make much impression ; and what we said a few days since about the alarm occasioned by the mu tiny of the 47th speedily subsiding, has been fully verified. Over the real cause of that most unpleasant occurrence considerable mystery still hangs, which may not be cleared up before the arrival of the dispatches on board the Mellish. We have great doubts, in the mean time, of its having originated in a refusal to allow the troops some conveniences to which they had been accustomed, and to which from immemo rial usage, they claimed a right. It is altogether improbable that any Indian Government would choose the moment that the army was preparing to take the field, for carrying reform into effect. We have heard that it was a superstitious feel ing, which had seized the mutinous troops, and their passive conduct, after the orders to fire upon them had been issued, seems to sanc tion this opinion, as they evidently conducted themselves more like martyrs than mutineers. The Emperor of Ava, we understand, is vene rated throughout India, as a high Brautin, as a personage of peculiar sanctity; and, if the mutiny took its rise here, it assumes rather a serious character. It has been reported that General Mix& in tended to publish the documents found by him when h e took possession of the Seu d'Urgel, and which are said to be very curious. e -has, however, written a letter to state , th at neither his delicacy nor his reg ar d to public convenience , w ill p ermit hint, at present, to give them to the world. A LAttoE llEAn.—There is at present in Guy's Hospital a young man of the name of James Cardinale, thirty years of age, 5 feet 5 inches in height, whose head is of the tol. lowing extraordin ar y di mens i ons : —Circumfere nce r o und the upper part of th e h ea d ' 38 inches • and from the chin to the pole of the neck, 29A head, it appears that he has no' skull in the fore part of his head, and when he walks out, which is but seldom,, he is inches • from the examination of the under the necessity of being supported by two men. ‘1 hat say the ( rAniologists to this? . FOR TIIE SUN. BUENOS AYRES. MR. EDITOR—It is scarcely possible to ques tion the sound policy which induced the British Government to recognize the independence of the Colonies that have thrown off the yoke of Spain in both Americas. That the mother coun try should feel somewhat sore upon this subject cannot be a matter of astonishment ; nor is it surprizing, that France should conceal under the mask of reprobation, her vexation at not being able to adopt a line of policy which her own commercial interest recommends, but which her connection with the Holy Alliance forbids . Every fresh opening for the manufactures of Eu ropean States, is of infinite consequence to these States ; and are, as such, highly deserving of the serious and prompt attention of every truly pa triotic Statesman. But such an event is of far greater importance to a country so es sentially commercial as England, more es pecially at a time when there is an evident disposition on the part of the continental cabinets, to put every possible restriction upon the corn merce of Great Britain with their respective , States. Well do they know, that to her exten sive commerce, England owes the pre-eminent rank she has attained amongst the powers of Europe. The immense wealth she has acquired through the industry of her population, and through the enterprizing spirit of her merchants, enabled her to stretch forth a helping hand to the powers bent beneath the yoke of France, and to restore them to a rank amongst inde pendent nations. This assistance, which was ac knowledged with gratitude, while they were in adversity, is, now that they are once more bask ing in the sunshine of prosperity, a source of envy and of deep rooted jealousy. However partially bound by treaties, England from the very nature of her constitution, is placed in direct opposition to the fundamental principles of the Holy Alliance; she stands alone as the friend of rational liberty, and the champion of national independence. Though disposed wisely to sacrifice much for the sake of peace, to continental prejudices, her enlightened cabinet, is ever guided by liberal principles, and can never lose sight, for one moment, of the real interests of the country over whose councils they are appointed to preside. — There are, indeed, other Cabinets that would gladly preserve the same line of policy, but they are shacked by their political connection with other Cabinets. Thus respectively situated, it cannot appear surprising, that they should cen sure what they dare not imitate. They blame the conduct of the British Cabinet, not because, they believe it to be erroneous in its principle, but because it must procure to a country of whose prosperity they feel jealous, advantages in which they ar e f or bidd en t o participate. How truly important t o E ng l an d a friendly intercourse with the late Spa n ish Am e rican Colonies really is, the following account of the trade between England and Buenos Ayres, extracted from Mr. Cald cleugh's Travels in South America, w ill prove abundantly : " The trade between England and Buenos Ayres has become of much importance to both countries. In the year ending the sth of January 1817, we shipped to Buenos Ayres, goods to the value of 388,4871.; while in the year ending sth of January 1823, their value was 1,164,7451. sliming an unprecedented increase. During the year 1822, one hundred and sixty-seven English vessels sailed from various ports for Buenos Ayres, carrying thither every description of ma nufactured goods, beer," &c. " The chief exports are hides, tallow, horses, hair, jeiked beef, wool, Vicuna wool (used for hat-making), Chinchilli, and Neutre skins, brought from the Upper Provinces. Of horse and cow hides, the number of 757,600 arriv ed in England in the year 1822 ; and when those which have gone direct to Antwerp and other Continental ports are added to the account, some idea may be formed of the im mense quantity produced in this part of the world." " In the year 1821, three hundred and twenty two vessels were cleared outwards at Buenos Ayres, of which one hundred and fourteen were British; three hundred and four vessels, of which one hundred and sixty-seven were British." A perusal of the, above statement, and a refer ence to official documents, will demonstrate the importance of our commerce with only one of the late Spanish colonies. There can be no doubt that the same, if not even greater, advantages will be derived from a commercial intercourse with the rich States of Mexico, Colombia, and Peru. In proportion as the pressure of the evils of war are diminished, the energies of the people in each of these countries, will be called into activity : and as an increase of irritation ever br i ngs a l ong with it an augmentation of wants and necessities, commerce will be carried on with additional energy, and its produce become pro portionably valuable. The rich commodities of America which had only a withering influence upon the indolent Spaniard, will acquire addi tional value in the hands of the industrious Briton. Th e opening of new markets, and the consequent demand for goods of every de scription, will give an additional stimulus to national industry, and bring into action the va st capital that, had hitherto lain dormant, or which had been embarked in the most ad venturous enterprizes. The Members of the raise a disapproving, but Holy Alliance may impotent voice, against the measures of the Bri tish Government. They may threaten—they may negotiate, as much as th e y pl ease . Strong in her own internal resources, and certain of ac quiring additional strength f rom her external concerns, England will f ear l ess l y pursue the path which her own interest points out, and rejoice in tire firmness of her Nlinistet s. A. P. BIRTHS. On the 13th inst. in Manchester-street, the , lady of E m anuel de Clarnouse Browne, Esq. of a son. On Sunday, the 13th inst. Mrs. Charles Winfield, of Saint Martin's-lane, of a daughter. MARRIED. On the 12th inst. at Great Dunmow, Essex, Christian Fre deric, Naegeli, Esq. of the city of Hamburgh, and eldest soli of Frederic Naegeli, of Berne, in Switzerland, to Mary Bur` rows, eldest daughter of the Rev. Alexander Richardson, D. l) ^ and vicar of Great Dunmow. DIED On 'the 9th inst., in the 63d year of his age, the Rev. Jolla Saffery, upwards of 30 years Pastor of the Baptist C o ngrega' tion at Salisbury. He was a member of the Committee oft Baptist Missionary Society, and one of its most active arul efficient agents in collecting for its funds. More than a hunclrct! clergymen had presented donations towards the translatio ns carrying on in India, at his solicitation, during the last two three years. His loss will be severely felt, and deeply lame' . ed, by the denomination of Christians to which he belonged O n the 3d instant, at his house in Stephen's Green, Dublin,' after a painful and protracted illness, which he bore w it° Christian fortitude and resignation, Ephraim Carroll, Esq distinguished through a long life by the strictest integrity an' independence of principle, and the most aMiable dispositio n- M. Carroll had been a Member of the Trish House of Common o for nearly twenty years, and was during the whole time dist il " guished for the most manly independence. On the 11th inst., Mary Sophia, youngest daughter of 'a ham Saltwell, Esq. of North- cresent, aged four months. On the 14th inst., at Wandsworth, Catherine, second da u g il, ter of the late Wm. M'Andrew, Esq. t he On the 10th inst., at Bitton Vicarage, near Bath, Anne, wife of the Rev. H. T. Ellicombe, rfr Printed and Published for the PROPRIETORS, at the Sti OFFICE, No. 112, Strand, by J. B. CARSTAIRS. LONDON MARKETS. PRICE OF BREAD. The highest price of Bread in the Metropolis, is I Id. for the 41h. loaf —there are ethers who sell from a halfpenny to three halfpence below that rate. INI I'ORTATIONS OF GRAIN LAST WEEK.. English. Irish. Foreign. Wheat Barley Malt 6,830 - -- Oats Rye .% Beans ... 9..372 Pras .. 452 17,258 19,175 1,210 Tares ... Rapeseed Drank ..., Mustard Seeds.., Flour Linseed 6.5 1 , 400 7,,C) 9,007 484 271 - 9,825 SEEDS, March 14. New English R. Clover, pet cwt...47s 6-2 s 81s—fine 90% Old Ditto New Foreign ditto 6os 69s 83s—fint. 90s Old ditto ditto 28s 40s 52s—fine 08s New Whiteditto s7s 74s 78s—fine 84s Old ditto 3:is 48s 63s—fine 70, New Trefoil.. per cwt (is 17s 20s—tine 24s Old ditto New Ribgrass Old ditto 2ls 30s 33s—tine 48s English Carraway Seeds 40s 44s 48s—fine 91s Foreign ditto 32s 40s 44s—fine ---9 Coriander do. is 6d Os 10s—fine —s St.Foin....per tit 42s 46s—fine 70s Rye-Grass 18s 29s—fine 31s Pacey ditto .. sos 53s . Linseed fur feeding 426 43s—fine 43s Ditto, for crushing 30s 40s—fine 458 Canary Seed 64s 70s—fine 80s White Mustard Seed.. per bushel 7s 9s—fine I Is Brown ditto Turnip Seeds - 5s 7s Od—fine lOs Tares -L1 —i 251 291 Os Rape Seed .... per last NEWGATE AND LEADENHA LI. MARKETS, Alarch 14. By the Carcass. Beef 3s 4il to 4s Od 1 Veal 4s Od to Ss ed Mutton ..... 3s 4d to 45 8d 1 Pork 4s Od to 5s 10.1 Lamb, Os cid to os od. SMITHFIELD HAY MARKET, March li. Clorer,O. loOs Od to 11Os Od Hay, Old sO, otl to, c2oi oit —1nf..... 70s Od to 95s Od —New lof. Gas Ott to 75s uJ —New.... —s Od to —s od Straw .... 40s Od to •ida ud ST. 3,..AMES'S. Hay 63s Od to 1051 od I Clurtr 809 041 to 1051 od New Ditto —s Od to —s Od itiaw ...361 Ott to 52s tid ........... H I TE El APEL. Clover ....Ws Od to 120 s 0.1 I Bay 7os 0d to 100 s Od Straw ....42s Od to 52s Interior —s Od to —s Ott PRICE OF HOPS, per Cwt., March 14. Kent Pockets Sussex Pockets lons. to 182 s. to 138 s. per cwt. Essex Pockets Farnham, tine 91 9s to 121 C's—Sreonds, 81 9s to 91 !" Kent Bags • Sussex Bags ll9s. to 1211 s. to I.lfis. per ,wt. Essex Bags 1153. to 182 s. to I4os. per cwt. RAW lIDES. 1 Best Heifers & Steers, per st. Ord - ;;;:try .... 2s 6d t o 2s Bd. Si 2(1 to 3 * 4t: Market Cal t .. eac h.. 9,, oti NI iddlings SHEEP SKINS. Potted Downs 4 Ott to 5s Ott Sllearlings Os 10d to Os 0 ,1 Lambs Os Od to Os (341 PRICE OF LEATHER. Butts, 50 to 5611 ts each per 11t 14,1 to 206 Ditto, 56 to titilbs each 2.2t1 to isd Dressing Elides 19(1 to , 210 Coach Hides l5O to IBA Crop Elides, 35 to 381bs for cut t i ng l6d to 17ii Ditto .... 40 to 4511 is Calf ;1.iiit5..;.15 to 401hs Ditto 45 to 5511)s .................... 24d to 28 d Ditto 55 to 751 b. 22(1 to 9bd Small Seals (Greenland') tad t o Iliti Large ditto Tanned Horse Hides Spanish Horse Hides PRICES OF TALLOW, SOA Town Tallow 49s Od —s Od Yellow Russia 4.1 s Od —s od White ditto.. 39s Oil —c Oil Soap ditto.... 39s Od —s Od Melting Stull 35s On —s Od Ditto Rough.. —s Od Oil P, &c. per 1121b.—Marro 14. Yellow Soap vit I Mottled s4s Curd Graves Good Dregs pos • • ---s 0J PRICE OF CANDLES, FROM TALLOW CIiANIMER ' S HA LI- Price of Candles, per dozen, Gs 6d a is-Moulds, 9s 6d. tid per dozen allowed for ready money. PRICE OF RAW FAT, Per Stone of 81b.—March 14. Price of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Mclters), 2s. Sd COAL IkIARKE . T, MARCIE 14. Ships at Market. Ships sold 1724 Newcastle - - 130 71 Sunderland - - 1 Scotch Coal . . 1 Price. 29s Od to 38s tAt 26s Od to 41s Oa, 37s 6d to —s o il HUSBANDRY.—In 1066 the invasion of the Normans contributed very much to the improvement of agri culture ; for, by that event, many thousands of husbandman , from Flanders, France, and Normandy, settled in Britain , obtained estates or farms, and cultivated them after the manner of their country. The implements of husbandry used at this time were of the same kind of those em ployed at present; but some of them were less perfect to their construction. The plough for example, had but one' stilt or handle, which the ploughman guided with one hand , having in his other hand an instrument which served both for cleaning and mending the plough, as well as for break ing the clods. The Norman plough had two wheels, and, i° the light soil of Normandy, was commonly drain by one or two oxen, but in England a greater number was often neces. sary. In Wales, the person who conducted the oxen in the plough walked backwards. Their carts, harrows, seytheS' sickles, and flails, from the figures of them still remaining, AP pear to have been nearly of the same construction with those that are now used.