The Sun. — London, England, 1831-02-08 00:00:00

r;L / f rh t , rl tE PETITION from MERCHANTS, lto.‘i BANKERS, and OTHERS, of the CITY of itit t ; i t) ", to both HOUSES o f PARLIAMENT, ile ri n, r g for a TEMPER A TE R E F ORM i n the REPREr rhotiokTION of the PEOPLE in the COMMONS gi 4th ' 3 E of PARLIAMENT, and RETRENCHMENT !EXPENDITURE of the PUBLIC MONEY, lira ttature at the City of London Tavern, I3ishopsgate f Lee% LECTURES. urS SYSTEM OF UNIVERSAL INSTRUC ii/f (ENSEIGNEMENT UNIVERSEL.) : . 011 t " J. W. HENDERSON will deliver a of q ,of t b. C OURSE of LECTURES EXPLANATORY il'l,A,„--1° SY STEM, at Willi s ' s Rooms, King-street. The .0 . ; )07n t he Study o f t h e E ng li s h an d F renc h L anguages , rifeth4'°V,lce To-Mottiwsv, the 9th instant : the second on • .4tli ei ! i ° l 7 of the Greek and Roman Classics, on TUESDAY, yiktil4lb inst ant. The subsequent Lectures will be an ,o9 e ed in a future Advertisement. ts system, like other great projects, and other sys ,s V. lof a s*, ^nowled e must work its way by the force of its l iksl;•"" ° 4' and ttility and trust to individual efforts for ?dm Ling characteristic features duly known to the world te•"•.—Foreign Quarterly Review, Feb. 1830- iiilt e4o 4 'hay be had at the Bar of the Thatched House k r n) St. Jaines's•street; or at Willis's Rooms, King itt g t .; a t Ebers' British and Foreign Library, Bond-street; 1 4 1 : an ' e° Royal Library, St. James's-street; and at Lowe's I'l, Lamb's Conduit-street. day was published, Crown Bvo., to match with Kirke IN'ite's LIVES h OF R UNEDUCATED lir r , POETS. , T o SOUTHEY, Ecq. Poet Laureste. OxN " I ' l r Th is added, ATTEMPTS IN VERSE, by TyZ;NES, an Old Serrant. lY Published, Bvo., with Illustrations, 21a. ktp,;' II ILGRIAI'S PROGRESS ; with a LIFE of • ist • I NYAN, by ROBERT SOUTHEY, Esq. Murray, Albemarle-street. A Piisday was published, Three Vols. Bvo. tVELECTION from the PAPERS of It vent the EARLS of MARCHMONT, illustrative of Ilitli t V r Orn 1685 to 1750 ; in the possession of the 410n ourable Sir G. H. ROSE. 11 the "bries contain many original Letters from some moa t celebrated characters of the time ; among 4 f If 'NM Lord Bolingbroke—Mc.Pope—Sarah Duchess the tsarlbo rough-Sir William Wyndham—Lord Stair— ,toreat Lord Chesterfield—John Duke of Argyle—Zord 1 1 : 1 4 Z --- tbe Duke of Montrose, &c. &c. d' th e m :41 Will be found many curious particulars touch 60„` following interesting events :—The Dilated Expe ,.ilL°,[tbe Earl of Argyle—the Landing of William 111. [ Of ii; t ,.* of the Boy ne--Union with Scotland—Rebellion C\ Battle of Falkirk. John Murray, Albernarle•street. A 6,daY svai p u bli s h e d, in One Vol. Bvo., price 9s. 'I, 4 `,,k;HBISHOP WAKE'S CHURCH ~111,-ATEcnism, with the Scripture Proofs given at • OM. 141 4, 1 j I t". FREDERICK TWISLETON, L.L.D. "' ln v of New College, Oxford, and Domestic Chap /Irin lai n to the Lord Bishop of Hereford. t tigl p ted for T. CaM), Strand ; Parker, Oxford ; and 1, 1 7 ) Camb r id ge. " us peach never 90 many Sermens unto the 1 144 , our labour is but lost, so long as the foundation is 11:Itt,it," and the first principles untaught, upon which all To nee doctrine is b .r iew e C IS to frustrate the whole work of 1N___'4416,,11174,1uti.:0n, Catechising, 11 1 1 6 i 2 ni 4 s . try."—Usher's Sermon before King BCHOOL AND COLLEGE CLASSICS. htlhln sm a ll S vo . p r i ce 9 s . Gil. - ODOTUS, Vol. 1., containing the Continuo us History in Books I. to VI. with Eng utes, Examination Questions, &c. N BySTO aste CKER,- 4 4'8 Coll ege , Oxford, late Mr of Elizabeth College, Guernsey. titt kt• ) bY A. J. Valpy, M.A., Red Lion-court, Fleet -011,11 luld sold by all Booksellers. 4 ' l blaY be had, for the use of Schools and Colleges, AE C „ uniform i n s i ze , and on the same plan, tUptinA, MEDEA, PIRENISS/E, and ORESTES Ck1)1 4 1 1 ,,, 11 )E5. By th e Rev. J. R. MAJOR. ss. each. TYRANNUS, COLONEUS, ANTIGONE, BINUE of SOPHOCLES. By the Rev. Dr. b 4jv' 58. ea c h. 441 Q A S 'S of XENOPHON. By F. C. BELFOUR, /'• 6 d. ite tAiti.,'r ORATIONS of DEMOSTHENES. By E. . 111 11 e ? it, Esq Ss 6d. 4 MDES; By . the Rev. Dr. BLOOMFIELD. Jl wiPIIEUS of JESCIIYLUS. Gs. it u. English Notes and examination Questions. _ _ _ T his 4 - --- --- - -- hoards, 1 31 w as published, in Bvo. 12s. cloth or, a Systematic viltAxit.NTß' ODUCTION to the NATUic le* 01. SYSTEM of BOTANY;ffir, t 0, i i and Geogra• Airy! ht,l'e Or ganization, Natural A l+itttl utstribution of the whole Vegetable K sp in e g c d ie o s m il l i tled:r with the Uses of the most important h h' r.s, and Rural gor cti t ,'-111 :Y JOHN LINIDLEY,ora F.R.S.L.S. G.S. Domestic Economy. A • t of Boren in the University of London, d & G c. re S: n c . . r4it ed for L on Y Rees Orme, Brown, an aAt Of wh cirg rra 'an be had, the same author, •,. hottrcit?PSlS of may be BRITISH FLORA. 12mo. 10s. Shia 11cAirbi.Ert's FAMILY GIBBON, . p &c. 3/. & 3 c 5 . . bds• ,IYBPirial!)pit\lili,llhed, in Five Vol , !• I 13 1 .v tlie . D r ICLINE til t', 11,.. 441 It'LL of Ii th IS E I O D M I .t t N E ° 1111)111E; vi •.. of p • . • in which the 4 , 11 1: , , . undies and Young adapted to Prisons; f the Empire t'l e ;iv °l ' tl eal, and Military Transactions o 7 'l c i er. ' ill tlie Powerful language of the Author; ` Ne i -et " t Ex pressions, and all allusions of an improper tr ey, Expressions, been erased. ..),1,11:74°14AS BOWDLER, Esq. F.R.S. &c. , By the same Author, . is .71Ittl,:4„"IlLY SHAKSPEARE ; in which nothing res 1-.otioutt, iii - re ;our: itOterdiginal Text, but those . words and cxp 111/;_41.11L, fairtily:whlincliTceannnvotoiws.itißi Royal l priety li,e price read .t.,1/241.-viardB ; also in Eight Vols. Bvo., F l lt m li o. Edition, th A 1 1 th• 6d. boards. with iit t ~‘"' Edition, complete in One Vol. Bvo., ite4,l"na hy Smirk°, engraved on wood by Thompson, s 4 Qt ' read Y* ttlllitlotiele toeborfinogpintoi.n that it itrnreer? meritorious s u n s nothing into i b n l g ica m ti o o r n e than l'qatcd6;o7l,ation--Ev 'e 'din - burgh Review, No. 71. r, L on —'Edinburgh Rees, Orine,Breqn, and Green. -41 P T - LITERARY Pi 16 31 GAZETTE for ~,,:: Nireekiy NThebPART for JANU ai f i t y llX fo , r consisting it 114e41.1 uti ere, is now re 14,,, v, . . ely, Two 114:424.11 rp°l E'ghty-three New Volumes—namely, 11,, "rtntY Octavos, and Sixty-one n D am uodecitno_ e s . , lortrine,,, earliest notices of all new works . in every d be e t "' of Literature and Art ; among which mayy this 1., . 4 rikheijaill p art icularised, as of great interest at , . ti,,.. ParTetos's Life of Canning; Moore's Byron, vo . •2. , 0 . 112,,, , Life of Sir H. Davy ; the Annual Obituhin llatk;i6raPhY for 1530-31, &c., &c., &c., froni w t,i,kn,, extract, a . .c,lelea7cilokofall.Vreogiven. of Discovery and Expeditions for 'ettieti4e Purposes, Yingluding Details of the Swan RiveT t s i a. illtintB' front authentic sources. Captain Smyth 8 "etin-leation to the oyal eorapica Soci, ti tio S 2 ii:iii%roorp of Volcanic Islets g near h Ma l jorca, ety &C. re th of itl , Po ts (weekly), to the number o . fTwen_t , ) e . - - A - Pqli % 4 the-Learned and Scientific Bodies in the IV! 1 4;l4llitttt aad frequently of those on the Continent ; with ot w eli t tvit.°f every important and interesting Paper ; ./iatie..ie.ll,Wi.li be found the following :—Accounts of 4 1 -Mi t 11 ' " ti n MSS., presented to the Royal S • ociety , Kitt,4't su re; hy u x re t ; Papers read before the Royal Society of s t .l4, rilC r. 114 ss, nn his new Diving Engine, and by 15 - 1, 04 ,e nu the art of Casting in Plaster; Royal So tLOilherto Negative and Imaginary Quantities, by Mr. ti n 's h Of t, . 'loyal I nstitution, an Account of a Peculiar tAiotbignettArrtiltcaelnD:.cbepytiikonirs,. illustrated by numerous c . u- Faraday. The , head of Fine ii s, c p i t i: 148 Critiques on Twenty-two New Publica b4olikeol:eal Analyses of Exhibitions, &c. lkitPhs.„4"ost----Sale of the Fairfax MSS. and Auto -1a,,,, Ccruti'etiption of an Acoustic Chair, invented by liß,.'ort,„,4's-Progressive Population and Literature of thmry, b> onffray's Lectures at the Sarhonne—Original 0 1 11, 4 " , :1, ,_ l '• E. L., Ike.---Montlily Celestial Plieno- Ittiktt),-14'`Illter-Tn: etDramatie Suit before the LordChan ist";mg Remarks on Theatres and Theatrical It tisi eil a .41t. e of New Musical Works and Concerts 14,ttictii14. of the Opera and Drama every week. i,lite4o,—.-Jeux-d'esprlt, Sketches of Society, Literary '?, I ,ltli n t itti "e. Ike. ,its,,.."erY Saturday Morning, by W. A. Scripps, 47h-street, Strand, and 7, South Molton- Noti, " Price Bd.,- or, stamped for country cir ?Qat, le, .109 001 MARKETSio %.• VEEK, „ Optf• ,t 9.! .3 1 ea:. 26. •-• • ' 2.3 $.4. 3-6, 4. 0 43 49 3 6., 4.0 '2 14 0 ..gl3 50 7G .111,91 ii ,kjio 54. 7,3 G 2, 57 G], 21 7 '.22 :tlf3.: 3 2' 7;,:42,11, : aciv 33 19 - `9. 1 28 34 rhout jhit Cr 4 21' 8 21 thro44ll --- : 7 1 4 .., • ,--q-----?e11 V l / 0 11.K.h. , ieal at this d ay mit.arree• of OA: li .tb d re,ls. higher..- n tlru w ?:ea•lti?tippl 144 ... # t Oa meat ~ .... . .1 0 : 1 oul ditta.....,....• •eynaeal ........ . .. ... , .. ; , 0 I. 165.—...3.1.29.771. .- t KKI.:T.—FeO. 241 P In 'wry de fi ciell.. 1 prices ivere... o°l ' aritl 'CA -. tqi . tli'e "a ' 4,4(1/ 1 e_.;,,,gats, , up,` 0 l'ease and• Beans j,t , :17-,11,4110 Pease Ai l 0, 1 48s 0,11 ) 40 . orl • 4:3s' - 'o4'' . /1 0146.., 1:0. ;I.', ,1: 10 'i 4), Thitter,ll).s. 10,1. cle Oitted.„.,. , ;;-41'10 l 'A I a. per ex t.. 9-4 0 ,1 _j si 4 kf di,' i. • 0 (I *Oitku:.) 1-.. fr. o f eat eat Ditto.,,, 6 6 1, vi ley.llitto. ,:,,..5 . : 6::) ', per st.--...• 1, 0 -.- ' e ',Ate ; nl .... .. . . ish'• • • V.. 13 0 / 10 lish ,e, `sottish me4hTer 14011./j-' , `,41 0 ir, La KAT% rley, 12s. 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Ai t,... .. z ii i • . ~,,, % ,/•• ' ' " - ', * '''''' ' '- '' - ' ; " - (:".;.,.:.. -..; • i . t .. 7 , , I , i - ' .4...... a ( 1, • t"- . ~, '4. • ' A ..-- ", .- - '_--. 4 „. . „,... 4 ~ : ...: -• .. ~ * . l . _ ••.1.• .(4 , ~ . ..6. , „rs, -, 1 ~(....r . , ... . ( ...„ 7 "., ..< •. • 9 0. " St . i, ''. .• ‘• '')... ••• ' )1 • • .• t i 1 / Z' ' ' 01 , ' ' .. , ' •,'' %• ' , • ‘ter 'VI •• •• 1 . 7 c ,k . '. P ~4 ‘ ~ At , c ', . ' ' • - •b.p - , c •,-- . .... ._ .._, ii, : i ,, ;11 .• • '• 4 , . -. ,, fr• 1 At • - - , - w. •-, o. 11,984. LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 8, 1831. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. ROUSE OF LORDS, FERRI:A Itr 7. The Loin CITA NC E 1.1.01 t took his seat on the Wool4acl; shortly after Five o'clock. The E trl of RADNOR presented petitions praying for Parliamentary Reform from Folkstone ; from a place in Lancashire, and from Middlesex. The Noble Lord also presented a petition from Melcombe Regis, for the repeal of the Coal Duty. _ _ The Archloishop of CANTERBURY presented petitions from Scarhorough, Warmford West, and several other places against slavery. Lord - KING gave notice of his intention this day fort night to move for a copy of a report respecting the Union of Wicklow. The Archbishop of Dublin had represented to the Council that it was worth 9001. per annum. He (Lord King) had no doubt of being able to prove that it was worth double dist amount. If he proved such to be the case, he should more for an Adams to the Crown for the dissolution of such unions, and gave notice accordingly. The notice was fixed for that day fortnight, and the Lords ordered to be summoned. THE CHURCH.—COMMUTATION OF TITHES. Lord KING said as he saw several Right Reverend Prelates in their places, he would take that opportunity of presenting seine petitions which had been intrusted to his care, on the subject of tithes, which he should be unwillin g to do in their absence. The first petition was from Somer setshire, and was signed by several thousand persons con nected with agriculture. They complained of being greatly aggrieved by the present system of tithes, to which they attributed much of the distress that now prevailed in several parts of the country, particularly in the agricultural districts. They stated that in its original imposition tithe was divided into three portions—one for the maintenance of the clergy, the other for the repairs of the Church, and the third for the relief of the poor ; but at present the Last two charges fell wholly on the people, , while the whole of the tithe was absorbed by the clergy. They stated also, that in the manner tithe was now collected, it was a bar to the improvement of land. In these opinions he wholly concurred. Ile knew it was said that tithe was property; so it was; but it was very different in its nature from individual property. It was for the most part now the property of the Church, and the Church was the creature of the State, and its temporal concerns, it, pay, and emoluments, might be regulated in any manner which the State might think proper to direct. In the last conversation which took place in the House on the subject, it was stated to their Lordships that tithe was property, but it was omitted from that statement that it was public property, and might be dealt with as the State should think fir. But lie must con tend with those who held that it was property, that it was a property consisting only of the spontaneous production of the soil. There should not be taken into it the valve of the outlay in buildings and other improvements made on the ground by those who held it. As it was now col lected, it was a tax on the gross produce of the soil, on the capital, industry, and enterprise embarked in the cultiva of land, and that in this respect it was a bar to that appli cation of capital—to that more extensive employment of the labouring poor, and the consequent improvement of landed property—which would otherwise take place. In these respects it was most injurious to the country, being a severe and unjust tax on the gross produce of the soil; and it called loudly, sot for composition, but commutation. A time was, when the country would have been satisfied with a innderate composition, but that time had gone by, and nothing would satisfy the country hut commutation, by some fixed measure of the valuation of land, and Right ltev. Prelates might rely upon it that they would find this to he the case. He would now move that this petition from t i re owners and occupiers of land in the county of Somerset he laid on their Lordships' table. The petition was then brought up and read. It prayed their Lordships to take the subject of tithe into their se rious consideration, and devise some means of equitable commutation, by which (as we understood) much distress, and, possibly, convulsion and bloodshed, might be prevented. The Bishop of LINCOLN next addressed the House, but from the distance of his position, and the low tone in which he spoke, he was very imperfectly heard at the bar. We understood the Right Rev. Prelate to say that the Noble Lord would find it extremely difficult to prove his position that tithes were public property. It should be recollected that every large portion of the Church property was the donation of many pious individuals from time to time for the purpose of promoting divine worship and having resident Clergy in the several parishes in the country. In that view he was at a loss to know how the Noble Lord could prove that this was public property. It their Lordships would consider the nature of property, they would see that the property of the Church belonged to it in most respects, as much as t?ie property of individuals could belong to them, unless, indeed, they should take that definition of property which was maintained by some writers at the French revolution, that all property was belonging to the public, and that the landed proptietor was only a steward of the public, holding it for distribu tion amongst them. He would ask the Noble Lord whether lie found that property subject to tithe was worse culti vated than that which was tithe free?.—(" Hear, hear," from Lord King.) He believed it would be found that it was not. He had sought information on this subject from some clergymen in his diocese, and he found that in many cases the tithe taken by the clergyman was from twenty to thirty per cent. below its actual value. In some parishes where tithes were collected, the poor rates were lower than the others which were tithe-free. He begged to be understood as not saying this with the view of deprecating a commutation of tithes ; so far from it, that be was quite favourable to commutation if established on fair and eqni table principles.--(Hear, hear.) His object in rising was not to oppose the principle of such commutation, but to state to the Noble Lord the great difficulty he would find is proving that tithe was public property. The Bishop of BATH and WELLS said, as he had been informed of this petition, he had made inquiries on the subject, and had found that there was nothing peculiar in the situation of the petitioners, as it was affected by tithe, which would warrant the presentation of such a petition. Having stated this, he would not go farther into the subject at present, but would be prepared to meet the Noble Lord on the general question whenever he should bring it regu larly before the House. On the subject of commutation of tithe, be would observe, that in a conversation which he held not long back in that House with the Noble Lord, he stated to him, that no one was more desirous of the esta blishment of such a principle than he was, and he was sure it would lie found generally to receive the approbation of the Clergy. In the first living lie ever held, he entered into a commutation with his parishioners on the principle (as we understood the Right Rev. Prelate) of corn rent ; and he did so with great benefit to himself, and with ad mitted advantage and satisfaction to his parishioners. Lord KING was glad to hear from the two Right Rev. Prelates who had just addressed the House, that they were favourable to the principle of commutation, and did not limit themselves to composition. Formerly many Right Rev. Prelates were favourable to composition, as was seen in the Bill introduced by a Right Rev. Prelate, which went to allow the clergy to lease out their tithes for 21 years. That, however, would not do at present. Nothing would satisfy the country but commutation for something that was not tithe, and to be measured by a corn rent. He owned he was glad to hear this, because he hailed it as an approach to a better system. The Right Rev. Prelate (of Bath and Wells) bad said that there was nothing peculiar in the condition of the petitioners with respect to tithes. He (Lord King) had riot said there was. He believed there was not, as the people were as badly off every w h ere e l se . The Right Reverend Prelate (of Lincoln) had stated, that he (Lord King) would find great difficulty in showing that tithes were public property, as muc h of what was now belenging to the church had originated in the grants of private individuals. True, it had; but it was no less true, that a large portion of this kind of pro perty had got into the hands of the Crown and the Church, and this he looked upon as public property. Ile admit ted that a considerable share of it was still in the pa tronage of private individuals ; and this he was willing to admit stood upon somewhat different grounds. But the Right Reverend Prelate said, that much of it was left by pious persons, to promote public worship, and to secure the benefit of resident clergy in the several parishes. It so, he would beg to ask the Right Rev. Prelate and their Lordships, how had this pious purpose been answered ? Were there resident clergy in the several parishes? On the contrary, was it net too well known that many of these livings were allowed to accumulate in gross pluralities in possession of one clergymen, to the great disgrace of the church ? 9 ,T it not a fact that out of 10,500 pa rishes, there were not more, if so many, as 6,040 resident clergy ? Was this answering the pious purposes of those who left this kind of property ? Let their Lordships look to Scotland, and see whether any such evil was allowed to exist,—and he put this as an argument ad verecundiam to the Right Rev. Prelates,—did not they manage the care of their parishes, as to religious instruction by resident clergy, without the costly apparatus of a hierarchy? The Right Rev. Prelate had contended that this was like other property of individuals, and could not he considered as dis - - posable by the public; and he asked was it cot useful that it should be so considered: but he (Lord King) asked, in turn, was it not useful that this should be a tax on.the gross produce of the soil, and on the capital, industry, and enterprise of the person by whom it was cultivated ? The operation of this tax-was so injurious to the general in terests of the community, that be contended the State would be perfectly justified in altering it from its present character, and giving remuneration to the clergy in any other shape. As to the opinions of any writers of the French revolution on the nature of property, he had no thing to do with them. He had not made any allusion to them, and no man in his senses wonld attempt to illustrate the view he (Lord King) took of the subject by any such allusion. They hid no bearing whatever on the subject be fore their Lordships. • The Bishop of LINCOLN wished not to be misun derstood in what he stated with respect to commutation. He repeated that he was favourable to the principle of commutation, but it was commutation for land instead of tithes. The Bishop of LONDON said that he would trouble their Lordships with only one or two remarks on what had fallen from the Noble Lord on the subject of non-resi dents. The Noble Loud had said, that the evil of non residents was unknown in Scotland, which was without what be was• pleased to call the apparatus of a costly Hierarchy. Ile (the Bishop of London) must observe, that the evil of non-residence was owing to the system of lay-impropriation : but for that, it would have been cured long since. The Noble Lord might recollect that when a measure was introduced on this subject some time ago, and an attempt was made to enforce residence more strictly, the lay-impropriators--noblemen and commoners-- throughout the country, in whose hands so large a por tion of church patronage existed, took the . alarm. The strict enforcement of residence would lessen the value of that which was considered saleable property ; and by their means the measure was, in a great degree, defeated. Let not the Noble Lord, then, attribute this evil to the Hierarchy, who did all in their power to remove it, but to the extensive system of lay-patronage in the Church. The Earl of WINCHILSEA said, that he fully agreed with the Right Reverend Prelate who had just addressed the House, that to the great extent of lay impropriation and lay patronage was to be attributed the evil which all must lament, that so many of the clergy were non-resi dents on their livings, and not to any neglect in the hierarchy, on whom the Noble Baron was so ready to throw blame. He (Lord Winchilsea) was the owner of a considerable portion of church property, and he would must readily give his support to any measure which would compel him and others similarly circumstanced to give up for a reasonable equivalent that property which he. thought ought not to belong to them—(Hear, hear)—for in the possession of that kind of property he felt that be had that which he ought not to hold.—(Hear.) The Archbishop of CANTERBURY said that he did not:rise to prolong this conversation by entering into the subject to which it referred. fie rose rather for the pur pose of giving notice of his intention to bring forward in a short time a measure for more effectually enforcing the residence of the clergy on their livings, similar to that which (as we understood) had been introduced in another place. He was the less disposed to enter upon the sub ject of tithes at present, because he thought it <xtremely inconvenient that a question of such importance should he brought forward for partial discussion, attended with no practical result, on the presentation of petitions. The practice would be the more inconvenient, as, from the known opinions of the Noble Lord on this subject, it was probable that most of the petitions which might be agreed to on this subject would be placed in his hands. If, in stead of those partial discussions the Noble Lord should bring forward any general or specific measure on the sub ject, he should be prepared to enter fully into its consi deration and discussion with him. The petition was ordered to lie on the table. Lord KING, in presenting two other petitions on the same subject, from parishes in the county of Somer se t, said that he would take that opportunity of stating, that though it might be very inconvenient to the Right Rev. Prelates to have this subject brought frequently before the House, they must prepare themselves for that inconve nience, for, from the number of petitions on the same subject which he understood were on their way to him from different parts of the country, he should have very frequently to call the attention of the House to it. I n _ deed, the Right Rev. Prelates must now expect to hear it brought forward de die in diem.—(hear, hear.)—The Right Rev. Prelate who had addressed the House the last but one kad thrown the whole blame of the evil of non residence on the lay proprietors of church patronage. He (Lord Ki ng ) owne d th a t h e was surprised at this, for he had always considered that they were looked to from that quarter as the great props and bulwarks of the Church, under whose wing its members would look for shelter and protection from any blame which might be cast on them. The Right It,v. Prelate who had talked of the right of property in the church as an abstract right, should reeol_ lect the circumsta nces un d er w hi c h th a t property was ac quired. He (Lord Ki ng ) did no t d en y that it was pro perty :but he cont en d e d th a t it was p u blic property, o ver which the State had controul. In what way was it claimed 'by the church ? Surely not as the heirs of the Catholic church, to which it had once belonged ? They got it by the law of the reformation, which gave them a part of what was before that considered the property of the church,_ which dispo se d i n o th er wa y s o f the remainder. The same law might have given it all, or only a small part, or none at all. The church got at that time what the State thought fit to grant, and unless the Right Rev. Prelates would revive the antiquated doctrine that the church was greater than the State, they must come to the conclusion to which be did—.that it was the creature of that State, and that it held its property by a law of that State, which law the same authority might revoke or modify in such manner as the circumstances of the country might require The Right Rev. Prelate had stated, that a law for en forcing more strictly the rule of residence of clergy on their livings had been defeated by laymen in possession of church patronage. He, however, would inform the Right Rev. Prelate that times were now changed. Leta similar measure be now introduced, and he was certain that it would be more successful. For his own part, be would give such a measure his cordial support, and he was sure it would meet with that of a majority of their Lordships. The petitions were then read, awl ordered to lie on the table. Lord KING again intimated that he should have many similar petitions to present to their Lordships. PARLIAMENTARY REFORM. Lord DUNCAN presented a petition from Dundee, praying for Parliamentary Reform. The petition, his Lordship observed, was signed by 6,014 persons out of a population of 14,000. He concurred with them in prin ciple; for he thought the time was now arrived when the gross abuses in the representation of the people should be remedied. He had stated before the recess that the people of Scotland were in favour of Reform, and he might ap peal to this petition as one proof of that fact. A contrary opinion be knew had been given, and the petitioners al luded to it by stating that they had heard with surprise and indignation that such an assertion had been made; and that if they had been hitherto silent on the subject, it was from the utter hopelessness of obtaining redress by pe- They added, th a t th e peop l e were now every where becoming daily more and mor e i n f avour o f R e f or m. petitionersr‘r left the kind of R e f orm to b e ma d e to th e SA'ti,thihii:eed De. o m of Parliament; but they ventured to suggest the policy of introducing the vote by ballot. The petition was then brought up and read ; as were three similar petitions presented by the Noble Lord from other parts of Scotland. Lord DURHAM presented a similar petition from a parish the name of which did not reach us. The NOBLE LORD also presented petitions from places in the county of Bedford, for the abolition of slavery. The Duke of RICHMOND presented a petition from a plac e i n Sussex, complaining of distress, and praying for a repeal of the Malt Tax, the commutation of tithes, and Reform of Parliament. The marquis of LONDONDERRY presented petitions from Gainsborough and Saltash for a repeal of the duty on sea-borne coal. SCOTCH LANDLORDS AND TENAMTS. As the House was about to rise, Lord BROUGHAM said he was anxious to call the at tention of their Lordships to a Bill which he had felt his duty to introduce, under circumstances which he would briefly state. It appeared that the law in Scotland ren dered the purchase of corn, for instance, from a tenant of land in Scotland liable m that amount for any arrears which the tenant might owe his landlord at the time for rent. Such a law as this might, if in operation in this country, starve all London in a fortnight; for surely no person would go to Mark-lane to purchase corn, if he had first to inspect the roll of the vender's landlord, to see if his rent was paid. To meet such an inconvenient state of the law, he had introduced a Bill which he allowed to lie over for a time to give the parties interested an opportu nity of considering it ; but much to his surprise he found that the landed interest in Scotland were all aroused by the proposed measure,_and from all quarters in that country he had communications on the subject. It seemed to be the opinion of the majority that they would consent to have the law altered, provided the pur chaser first applied to the landlord of the tenant, being the 1 vender, to ascertain whether he was in arrear for rent.— Now, this their Lordships would agree with him iu think ing would be rather a tedious mode of making a purchase of such an article as corn. A man, for instance, requiring a quantity of that article, and going to the Tuesday's market, would first fix upon the lot that would suit him, and then would have to wait until he wrote to the Duke of Wellington, or Lord Grey, or any other nobleman who might be the landlord, to ascertain how far the tenant was in arrear for rent; till which information arrived the bargain should stand over. This was a state of law to which he would not give his sanction, and therefore he now stated that instead of so modifying the Bill, he would withdraw it altogether, and let the landlord and tenant settle the matter between them as they could ; and when they should have agreed upon some plan which would get rid of the inconvenience of the present state of the law, he should be ready to lend his aid in carrying that measure through the House. As be had received a great variety of communications on the subject, and could not find time to answer them separately, he took the present compen dious mode of making the several parties acquainted with his intention. The House then adjourned at Six o'clock. HOUSE OF COMMONS, FEBRUARY 7. Several private Bills were forwarded a stage. The London Bridge Bill was read a secend time, and ordered to be committed. Several petitions praying fur Parliamentary Reform, fn• the Abolition of Slavery, for the Repeal of the Assessed Taxes, and for a Reduction in the Expenditure, were pre sented from different places. Sir J. NEWPORT postponed Ma motion- relative to first fruits to the 7th March. Alderman WOOD moved for the return of the amount of the assessment for rates in Grosvenor, Bclgrave, and Eaton-squares.—Ordered. GENERAL FAST. Mr. 11. HUGHES presented a petition from a congre gation of Dissenters at Oxford, praying that a day might be set apart for a General Fast on account of the distresses of the country. Mr. HUNT said, as an Honourable Member had a motion for a General Fast, he should like to ask him whether he did not think such motion unnecessary, as he must, or cught to be aware, that one third of the population fasted every day.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. S. PERCEVAL was surprised to bear the re mark of the Hon. Member for Preston. Did be not know that the Almighty disposer of all worldly affairs was also the sole dispenser of all human benefits? Mr. HUNT—Oh, yes, lam aware of that. But the Hon. Gentleman and others of his class appropriate to themselves what Providence designed for the use of the poor, Mr. PERCEVAL should not condescend to answer any thing that related to himself personally. Mr. HUME hoped that if there were to be a General Fast, the proclamation would embrace all the causes of the general distress. When the proper time arrived be thought he should be able to explain those causes. Lord MORPETH thought, that when the motion was before the House would be the proper time to discuss the subject. Mr. HUNT, in explanation, said, if the Hon. Gentle.. man (Mr. Perceval) imagined that he meant any thing personal w himself, he was much mistaken, as he did not even know him by name. The petition was then ordered to lie on the table. —.—......- Mr. GUEST presented a petition from a parish in m Glamorganshire, i n f avour o f Re f De vonshire, against the. duty on sea-b orne coa l s : also peti tions parishe s in contrast e d t h e popu l at i on an d property of G ii organslure with th e E ng li s h count i es ; oi. from The i.l and called the attention of the House to the following cal culation which he had made, and which would show the disproportion of the representation of Glamorganshire as compared with other parts of the empire : Number of Population Member& in 1821. B e i ng Sussex Dorset .. . All England . 513 • • . . 12,218 , 000 : . . 1 Glamorgan . 2 •• • : 105 , 000 .. . 1 RETURNS OF ANNUAL nn N ALUE ual FOR PROPERTY TAX IN 1815. A v alu e. £ __. Or £ Sussex has 20 Members . . 913,560 . . . 1 for every 48,000 Dorset .. 20 ditto • • 6 9 8,000 •. . 1 Glamorgan 2 ditto .. • 334,000 . . 1 Gl amorg an had more extent, and annual value of property and population, than Westmoreland, Monmouth, Huntingdon, Bedford, or Rutland; each of which counties return two Mem bers. The Horr. lllamima then gave notice of his intention to move, on the 15th of Febru ary , f or a Select Commit tee, to inquire respecting the pensions granted under the Civil List, with a view toconfine them to services performed. Sir E. KNATCI - IBULL presented petitions f rom pa rishes in Kent, praying for the repeal of the coal duty, and complaining of th e distressed state of the country. Mr. BRISCOE presented a p e ti t i on f rom Richmond on-Thames, ir .J praying gN for a ge nera l f ast d ay to b e appo i nte d . Sir presented a petition f r om Scarbo roughj.oN against the duty oa coa l s . BREACH OF PRIVILEGE. Ar i . D. V HARVEY presented a petition to which to a breach of pri vile g e. It would be recoll e cted th a t s om e he w i slied en W. all e the attention of the House. It related time since a petition was presented by a person of the name of red&ll, complaining of the manner in which justice was administered in the Prerogative Court. On that ac casion Doctor Lushington, then a Member of the House, and animadverted in very strong terms on the gotup allegations contained in the petition, and asserted it was not the petition of Mr. Peddill, but of his attor ney, Mr. Walker. These observations, after being corrected by the Learned Doctor, were published in the " Mir ror of Parliament;" against which publication, and a l so against Dr. Lushington, Mr. Walker had d ee med it his duty to bring an action for libA, and the cause was especially appointed for hearing in the King's Bench on Thursday morning. Now on that trial it would be absolutely necessary to prove the original petition, which certainly could not be done unless the house consented that the proper officer should attend the Court. The Hon. Member then read the petition, to the effect that the officer of the House be ordered to attend the King's Bench on Wednesday. He (Mr. Harvey) was aware that Dr. Lushington was not responsible at law for what he said within that House, but the action was brought for his correcting and afterwards publishing what took place. The petition having been ordered to lie on the table, the 110 N. MEMBER moved that the officer be ordered to at tend the King's Bench on Wednesday. Mr. Husaß seconded the motion, After some observations from the Speaker, Mr. Hurtle, Mr. Spring Rice, and Mr. Littleton, the motion was put a nd negatived. Mr. HUME said ha was subpoenaed on the trial, and wished to know Whether he was competent to give evi dence of what passed in that House. The SPEAKER, said he was competent, but was not compelled to do so. Lord TAVISTOCK presented a petition from the parish of Harrow, in Bedfordshire, praying fur Parlia mentary Reform. In answer to a question from an Hon. Member, Mr. F. BUXTON said he would postpone his motion with respect to Negro Slavery from the let to the 4th of March. Oa the motion of Mr. CAMULL, the Registration of Deeds Bill was ordered to be real a second time on the 4th of March. Mr. AS FELL presented a petition from Bridgewater, praying for the repeal of the House and Window Duty. Mr. SA NDFORD presented a similar petition from Mr. ADEANE presented a petiiion, praying for a commutation of tithes, the repeal of the Assessed Taxes, and Parliamentary Reform. Mr. H. CURTEIS presented several petitions from owners and occupiers of Lind, complaining of distress. He took the opportunity of stating that Ministers had dealt with much too merciful a hand toward, the Pension List. The llox. GENTLEMAN then presented a petition from 500 labourers in the hundreds of Chichester, praying for a repeal of the Malt Duty ; and petitions to the,same effect from the farmers and occupiers of land at Epiten and three other parishes in the county of Sussex. Mr. HUMS, observing upon these petitions, denied having ever made en invidious attack on the lan•'ed in terest, although certain of that body considered him hostile to them generally. He had merely, in the exercise of his duty, exerted hitn.elf to procure a relaxation of their mo nopoly in corn, and in the same course he should continue to persevere. An HoN. MEMBER (whose name we could not learn) suggested that some such concession might be obtained from the agriculturists, if the rest of the community were compelled to participate to a greater extent in the burden of the poor's-rates. PRicE 7D. CIVIL LIST. Mr. PORTMAN would take this opportunity of asking the Chancellor of the Exchequer a question relating to the Civil List.—(Hear, bear.)—He, with many others in as well as out of that House, felt great disappointment at the proposition submitted by Govern ment to the House a few evenings ago.—(Hear, hear.)— He undoubtedly wished to know if that imposition was doing as much as Ministers thought it possible for them to do ; or whether it was their intention to call now on the House to carry on the work of retrenchment on a more extended scale than they, as Ministers of the Crown, felt themselves warranted in doing without. Whether he was right in supposing that the plan suggested by the Government on the subject of On Civil List was to be understood as submitted to the House to be dealt with as the House should think fit, without the interference of the Govet nment, and all the influence a Government might be disposed to carry with it or not ? In other words, whe ther the Government would be disposed to meet the dealing of the House with the Pension List in a very different manner to the way in which it had been proposed? He was sure it would be most satisfactory to the country to know that his Majesty's Government, having dune what they could, meant to leave it to the House to aid them in any way the Members of the House could in further meeting the views of the country ; also whether the salaries of the Great Officers of State should be put upon the Civil List with the salaries of the other officers, and dealt with according to what the Committee now sitting might recommend ? The' CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said, in answering the questions put by my Hon. Friend I shall have to detain the House for a few minutes. The propo sition I bad the honour to bring down on Friday last was brought down after due deliberation and consideration on the part of his Majesty's Government. Sir, we were per fectly prepared to submit that proposition on our own re sponsibility. In doing so, however, we never could pre sume to say to this House, or to any Committee appointed by the Home, that what we proposed, and thought the proper measure, was not to he altered by the Committee of, or by the House itself. I would leave it to the Committee to decide upon it as that Committee shall think fit.—(liear, hear.) But upon the subject of the Pension List I must say a few words. I cannot consider it to be the duty of the Ministers of this country, or of the legislature of this country, to take advantage of a technical point of law, in order to do that which in my conscience I believe would be unjust and unrighteous —(Hear, hear, hear.) These pensions, as I had the honour to state on Friday night, were granted, and have always been considered to have been granted, for life. It is undoubtedly true that by taking advantage of that technical point of law, which says they all expired on the demise of the Crown, we have the legal right to deprive the pensioners from further receiving their income. But I would put it to the House and to the country to say whether it would be worthy the conduct of the Govern ment of the country to take such an advantage, considering the actual relief which could be gained by it—whether it would be an object worthy of the conduct of this Go vernment, or whether it would not rather be a crime which would be discreditable to the country.—(Loud cheers and great laughter.) Sir, having said time much, and having likewise said that I ara meat perfectly ready to do that which is right, I shall await the decision of the Committee and of the House with every deference and respect. It will be my most earnest wish to comply with any suggestion they make, and it will be my most earnest desire to make such alterations as they may wish to recommend. Still I must say that I do not feel myself bound to submit to the decision of this Committee, to the decision of any Committee, to the decision of this House, or to the deci sion of any human being or beings, to do what I may consider to be unjust and improper.—(Cheers.)—As to what my Hoe. Friend has stated with respect to the sa laries of the present officers of the Household, I certainly thought they were under the consideration of the Committee, and that it was quite in the power of the Committee to diminish those salaries in any manner they might think proper. If the Committee on the subject of the Civil List shall think fit to take them into their consideration, it is competent for them to do so, and any alteration they may suggest respecting them, or any thing else I may not consider inconsistent with justice, I shall give every assistance to in my power. Mr. LENNARD had heard with great satisfaction what had just fallen from his Noble Friend. It accorded with the sentiments he had entertained of the Noble Chancellor of the Exchequer's conduct. He for one had been greatly dissatisfied with the plan of the Cis-4 List. His objection to it was not so much as to the determination of Government to leave the pension list untouched, as to the intention of the Govern ment to grant a private pension list. The people of this country complained not so much of the waste of the money (which God knew was bad enough), as to the employment of that money in maintaining a corrupt Government ; but the Hon. Member trusted that this ' would be greatly altered by the Reform measure about to he brought forward. Nothing could be so objectionable as to grant 75,0001. for the purpose of paying private pensions—discharging pensions upon a book which of course was to be closed to the public. The Duchess of Newcastle having given up her pension, which she ought not to have held one moment beyond the death of her late husband, the very instant it became known to the public, was a proof of the advantage arising from publicity of these affairs. The Hon. Member also deeply regretted that the salaries of our Am bassadors were not annually brought before the House, but he hoped that this would soon be remedied. Mr. RUTHVEN said the pensions were granted during pleasure, therefore there was no legal technicality in the way of depriving those persons who had enjoyed pensions from the further receiving them, The country was exceedingly disappointed with the Civil List, and he should certainly press his motion, notice of which he bad already given. Sir M. W. RIDLEY was not going to enter into any dis cussion upon the salaries of the Ambassadors at present, but that there might he no mistake he desired to make a few observations. His Noble Friend the Chancellor of the Exchequer had most distinctly stated that, though he could not think the House could be irrevocably bound by any suggestion of his, yet that he could not be bound ' by any recommendation of the Committee, and of this House, which was not in his view according to strict justice. After this, he (Mr. Ridley) could not but hope the House would await with all the patience the im portance of the subjsct demanded, the decision of the Committee both upon the Civil List and the salaries of the great officers, for they might both be brought under the consideration of the Committee. He trusted the House and the public would suspend may impression that might, be unfavourable to Ministers upon this important subject, until the House had it fully laid before them. Mr. HUNT said, that front what lead fallen from the Noble Chancellor of the Exchequer this evening, in conjunction with what the Right Hon. Member for Cumberland stilts(' on Friday, it appeared to him they thought that those who acted in opposition to what was suggested or laid down by the Government, ' wished to have an unjust course adopted. He, as a rali cal reformer, and on behalf of all radical reformers in England, and of the peopl e w h o d es i re d to h ave a re duction of the Civil List, begged most unequivocAllv to state that they asked for nothing but strict justice. He would not name, though he might, some of the persons who stood upon the Pension List, as it would appear invidious; but the people of Great B r i ta i n did not conceive they received justice if large sums of money were taken out of their pockets to be put int the pockets of those who were already rich, and did not require it. The Chancellor of the Exchequer himself had said he found names on that list that never ought to have been there—if that were so, he would ask any human being to say whether it would be consistent with strict justice to let them remain there ?—(Cheers.) The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he certainly never intended to impute to any one that they wished Government to adopt an unjust course, or that they themselves wished to act unjustly. As lei had said before he should be ready to bow to the decision of the Committee in every thing be should not feel incon nistent with justice. As to the mode in which the pension list was decided, it was said by an Hon. Friend opposite on Frid ty night that he had mystified the subject. He (tho Noble Chancellor of the Exchequer) hoped he had not; but he should be perfectly ready to adopt a different ar rangement ; he should have no objection to any suggestion that might be recommenaed.r.(Cheers.) "'W REFORM. Mr. BUXTON wished to know whether it would be possible for the Noble Lord opposite to postpone bringing forward the measure of Reform on the night on which notice of it had been given._(Loud cries of " No, no," from all parts of the House.) The proposition I do not consider so unreasonable, for I had previously given notice that I should occupy the attention of the House on a subject of very great importance to the public. I must therefore persist in asking, whether it be possible to postpone the bringing forward of that measure ? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he should be most desirous of accommodating his Hon. Friend on any occasion on which it was in his power, as far as he could, but he really thought it impossible for him to postpone bringing forward the measure of Reform on the time appointed, for the purpose of giving place to any motion whatever. 7 (Loud cheers.) BARILLA. Mr. S. RICE having brought up Treasury returns re specting the duty on barilla, The order of the day for the House going into a Com mittee on the Barilla Duty Bill was then read. Mr.. BANKES said he should now call the attention of the House to an important constitutional question, which was intimately connected with the right and privileges of the House of Commons. By the papers now presented, it appeared that a case of gross irregularity lead occurred in the Treasury since the accession of the present Govern ment, which, ix his opinion demanded the censure and interference of the House. Ile alluded to the unconstitu tional violation of the prerogative of Parliament by the Treasury order issued on the 14th of December on the subject of the Barilla Duty, at a time when Parliament was actually sitting, although unapprized of this direct invasion of the privilege of the Commons and assumption of an authority which, by the custom of the Constitution, appertained to them alone. Many cases had, it was true, occurred when the executive exercised a similar function in the interval between se•sions, but the course now adopted was both unprecedented in.point of fact, and unwarranted by exigency or the necessities of the occasion. The Hon. Member concluded by calling for an explanation from the Riait Hon. Gentleman who filled the office of Vice-Prt sident of the Board of Trade, after expatiating somewhat further on the irregularity of the proceeding. Mr. P. THOMSON had listened with Co little amaze ment to the speech of the Hon. Member who had just sat down—the rather, that after the candid explanation of his Noble Friend (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) on a f firmer occasion, when he admitted the objectionableness of the principle which bad given birth to the Hon. Member's angry remonstrance, he was by no means prepared to meet with a mind so little alive and generous to the candid admissions of an adversary as the Hon. Member's state ment would warrant their pronouncing his to be. Were the Hon. Member more generous to a political opponent, he would have waited till he (Mr. P. Thomson) bad made his statement of the grounds on which he proposed to bring forward a Bill to impart a legislative sanction to the course of policy which the Government had felt it their duty to pursue with respect to the duties on barilla, which statement he should, when the House had resolved itself . into a Committee, submit to their consideration, coufideut that it xvould not refuse its assent to the proposition he meant to found upon it. He would anticipate that state ment so far as to set himself right with the House, so far as the Hon. Member's charge affected him officially. A few days after his accession to office he was addressed, iu conference and in writing, by some gentlemen deeply inte rested in the cost of barilla, who represented to him that they had had the promise of his predecessor in office, that the high duties on barilla, which had been imposed previous to the Act which expired in January. 1830, would not be levied ; for that if they were it would be to the serious injury of manufacturera who made use of ba rilla, particularly those engaged in the Irish bleaching trade. On investigation it was found that the statements of these gentlemen were founded in fact ; that a Treasury minute, equivalent to a temporary repeal of the duties, had been issued a few days (on the 16th of December) before the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite had left office, and that to enforce the duties leviable under the existing statute would be seriously detrimental to those manufacturers which required the use of barilla ; and accordingly the Board of Trade authorities did not hesitate to trace the steps of their predecessors, with this difference—that while the Treasury minute of the 16th of December ac tually went, by me Ina of a drawback allowance, to repeal the duty, that which the Hon. Member for Dorsetsbire had just made the subject of angry complaint, only permitted it to be taken out after a bond bad been given for the amount of duty—the enforcement or non-enforcement of which to be left to the decision of Parliament.—(Hear.) And this is the great unconstitutional breach of privilege upon which the Hon. Member would fain call down the censure of the House, as if it were a daring violation of all law, and wholly unsupported by precedent. So far front its being contrary to usage for the Board of Trade to ad vise the Treasury to issue a minute like to that the subject of the Hon. Member's reproach, when the interests of commerce would appear to require it—that, within the last few years, the reduction of duties on West India coffee (reduced by a minute of the Treasury dated the Sd of March, 1826, from is. 3d. per pound duty to 9d. ; on East India pepper from Is. 6d. to Is., by a minute dated the 14th of January, 1826 ; on spices, 3s. in the case of cinnamon), and on other articles, was effected by Treasury minutes ; and that, too, while Parliament was sitting.-;-- (Hear.) Even on the article of barilla, since 1819, the collection of duty was chiefly regulated by Treasury minutes, and for this reason—that barilla came under the generic head of alkali (the potass and soda of commerce), and as an alkali was liable to a 51. per ton duty, or more in proportion to the per centage of pure soda which it was alleged to contain. He had stated enough to show, in the first place, that the Hon. Member's charge was un founded—(Hear)—and that the present Government had only done their duty in making the reduction which he was about to call upon the House to sanction.—(Hear.) Mr. G. DAWSON agreed with rite Right Hon. Gen th-man, that though the principle of Treasury minutes was objectionable, in a constitutional point of view, yet, as in the present instance, a discretionary power should be left with the Administration to effect such reduction of duty as the interests of commerce might require ; for the exercise of which power they of course were and should be respon sible to Parliament. After a few words to the same effect from Mr. RICE and Mr. HERMES, The House went into the Committee. Mr. P. THOMSON, amid great noise and confusion, moved the three resolutions, of which he had stated the substance in his former speech. The first and second re solution was confirmatory of what was done by the Go vernment in December last; and the third reduced the duty on barilla to 21. a ton. When the first resolution, "That it is the opinion of this Committee, that the additional duties on barilla, as far as affects the salts extracted from it, be repealed, and that such repeal do take effect from May, 1819," was put from the Chair, Sir G. CLERK said, that if the duties on barilla were repealed, 40,000 or 50,000 industrioHs persons in Scot land would be thrown out of employment, and be com pelled to emigrate to America. Mr. MAIIERLY defended the proposed reduction of the duties, stating, that in this case, the question of duties was simply a contest between the home and the foreign manufacturers of alkali. Mr. SADLER insisted that the proposed change would be productive of great misery and wretchedness—render ing industry useless, and throwing labour out of employ. It would be the ruin of the kelp manufacturers, and the unhappy people who depended upon those m anufacturers. Thus it would add to the poverty which was already so great as to require all their exertions to relieve it. Poli tical economy had been a llowed to dictate on various branches of trade; and on which had it touched which act it, arte if b a d n otparalysed ? WeU _ ultbk3.P°4l y; thai