The Sun. — London, England, 1834-05-19 00:00:00

staff first lieutenants, at present borne in addition to the companies and first lieutenants of companies, to be discontinued. The former appointments (pay cap tains) to be entirely abolished, and the adjutants and quartermasters to merge in and be furnished from the first lieutenants of the several companies. The fifteen pay captains to have a choice of being placed on a re tired list for life, upon full pay, such of them as hold the brevet rank of major to retain their extra pay of 2s. per diem. Should any of these officers refuse to accept of the retirement, the captains standing next in seniority to them will have the same offer made to them, but no officer so refusing will be entitled here after to such retirement on account of any ailment which he may be at present subject to. It is not in tended by the removal of these officers to fill up their vacancies by the promotion of fifteen first lieutenants, but the active list is to be reduced by this num ber of officers ; the first lieutenants made prior to 1815 are, however, to be promoted, to captains on 7s. half-pay per diem, who will be put on the active list as other vacancies occur. No officers but the com mandants, second commandants, adjutants, and quartermasters are to be in future exempt from em barkation or any other duty, but are to take their turns upon the roster. The charge of the books hi therto devolving on the pay captains are to be trans ferred to captains of parade companies, under the corn xnand of the senior Captains present. In addition to this order it is intended to reduce the list of first lieu tenants to one for each company, in which number the quartermasters and adjutants are to be included, and no new commission will be granted as second lieutenant until the officers on that list are reduced below eighty. These alterations will create vacan cies in the quartermastership and one adjutantcy at Woolwich, an adjutantcy at Portsmouth, and one ad 'utantcy at Chatham. Major Ramsay having retired on full pay, Major Wright, assistant adjutant-general, becomes attached as a divisional major at Chatham, and Captain George Pattoun comes on the active full pay list. These reductions and alterations will effect a saving to the ennntry of about 6,0001. per annum. TUCKS OF STOCKS THIS Bank Stock 216 , 16 3 per Cent. Red 91 3 04 3 per Cent. Cons. 92% 34; per Cent. - Ditto Red 99 New Bt, per Cent 1 , 0 14% 3 per Cent. Ann. 1726.... - 4 per Cent. 1826 1047%1i Bank Lorg A nn. to expire Jan. 5, 186:1 0ct.19, 1859 17 1-16 17 Jan 5, IS6O -- Jan, 5, IPSO - A prils, IR'4O Jan. 5, 1870 -1 - 1..1,CS OP FOREIGN FUNDS Austrian Horn's ICON 1S 'Riau Ponds Duo Account 9B Brazilian Bonds 75 1 4 ditto Account -53 , ; 4.lenos Ayres Bonds 31 304.1 THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK Peruvian Bonds Ditto Account ,Portuguese Bond, Ditto iccnnm i 4 Ditto New Bonds ...7:%. 1, % i)itto Ac onnt 7') Sit Ditto Account 904 Prussian ,torus r'hiliar, Bonds ... Ditto Account Q., 'S I, Russian Rona% I— 115 1 - Columbia', Flon,ls 0 3 3 4 Ditto Arrotint, ' , itto Account 711 i Ditto 111 -- 'l)irto Ponds, 1F 4 94 OA ii Spanish It,infl,, '25 %, .5 — DV° Act , titit ^ 5 ., ) 1 4% ki . Ditto Act' 5t% ss, Jki f).zrii,ti iton , ..... I 3itto Account 75 Ditto Ada-mint :32 Fireek Bonds i , itto Bonds, !825 33t, , Exchange...... , II It to Account — '— 3 net cent --f —c. Mexican Bonds, 5 per Bent. 3314 ' Exchange —f --^ I BU° Account Dutch, 21, p. e `e2l,', ..!. o, A per cent 42 314 Ditto Account 52.5,;.% Ditto Account ...42 3 Ditto, 5p c 97 1 4 6. `;espol , tas, 91% Ditto Account 9 ri 7 PRICFS OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. PO4. Alten Mining Company £9 •e, . :gt :U. pm £ll4) t.,1.,,ns Mining Compan, ..C150 frpzinan Mining Company 5 Brazilian frnn. Cn. tits. at 5./.pin..l £2l , Maranba. rooaeg 2O Ditto St. John Del Rey Cafa Branca Company tio, Iron Mimic, crannanv £so Cr - o'mM/ n 51111411 Co. (iss. at Si. pm.) 52' 1 4 Enzlish bluing Company ..... ;-.l‘erni A.sociation Hibernian Mining Co. £lo 'll .xican Mi , ing (70 .£493{ te.il gel Monte Mining ('r , ....(unreg.) U • -, eo "es Min (is, at 2/. rn.' 411 ilitto New Seim 5 , Viance lire insurance Comp 0 i ns' ranee Com ioNtralian Co. nmU rnrrin.mv ...... 18 General Steam Navigation Co. • , I , •na. lank of England 15 Ifo Dom forial rta»L: 0 t r .o, Ti o 25 Po Sl.are )1% 9 5914 204 6 % 644 31.4 ll'i; XI 7 0 tRICFS OF IItISII STOCKS, DUBLIN, MAY 16. Bank stock .... — ..1 : ~,,,,-, ri , nr.everShare 'nnsois, 3 Der ceW. 4 iv. Stock, N per cent PSIS ••• 7 ational Ditto — litto, New .... .......... .... 901 i i " atri. , tic Ditt0.......-- per Cent — Dihernian Bank 4, v. T'et. fli.", percent.... 91 Provincial Ditto ......... 1 ,, yal ( anal Stock — Royal Irish Mine — :hand Canal Stock — Imparial Vine "!tv Deb. 4 per cent. — ' , ming Cc,. of Ireland hllast (Vice Deb. 4n. c. Commercial nuildinq FRENCH PAPERS. A letter of the 11th inst. from Geneva says, " Orders have been sent to all points of the Swiss frontier to refuse entrance to every Frenchman who is not the bearer of a regular passport. The existing concordat for the expulsion of refugees does not in clude persons pursued for political offences." The Sentinelle des Pyrenees of Bayonne, of the 13th inst., has the following :—" Between 600 and 800 Carlists, commanded by Sugastibelza, appeared on the 9.h before Irun, which was defended by only 60 Chris tinos. This weak but bold band immediately closed their gates, intrenched themselves behind the walls, and for nearly twelve hours kept the besiegers in check by a constant and well-directed fire. he rebels were finally, after long and useless effnrts, compelled to abandon their object, and they raised the siege at four in the morning of the 11th, with a loss of 2 men killed and 12 seriously wounded. The Queen's troops sustained no loss whatever, but we have to deplore the cruel fate of the nephew of M. Iparaguirre, late Spanish Consul at Bayonne. He was Rcgidor of Irun, but at the time of the arrival of the rebels was at a country house at a short distance from the town. The Carlists required him to furnish them with 2,000 rations, and on his replying that it was im },c=sible for him to comply immediately with their de mand, they shot him." the i:ucpbury Gazette of the 13th instant con tains the following extract of a letter of the 7th from Vienna :—" The Prussian Minister, M. Ancillon, will return to Berlin to-morrow; he has had an audience of leave of the Emperor. Count Alvensleben will supply his place until the Congress ends. Prince Schcenburg has arrived here from Stutgard. The young King of Hungary is gone to Shcenbrunn for the summer. The Court will leave Vienna next week, to pass some time at that palace, and afterwards proceed to Baden ( Austria), where Prince Metternich and nearly all the diplomatists have engaged apartments for the period of the Emperor's stay. The alliance formed between France and England for the removal of the pretenders from Spain and Portugal may prove a great concession to the movement party. Many are of opinion that the introduction of the representative system in the Peninusla can only tend to perpetuate civil war, and inquire why changes are to be introduced into countries that have no taste for innovation, it be ing evident, not only from the recent history of Srain, but also from the confession of Canning, who cannot be suspected by the friends ofthe representative system, that the Spaniards and the Portuguese love their chains ? The relations of France may encounter new difficul ties, when a Parliamentary tribune is opened at Madrid, and the democratic press can labour unre strained. The new Hospodars, who are now on their way to Constantinople, are expected to return at the end of May, to take upon them office for life. Re joicings will then take place at Jassy and Bucharest. Prince Caradja received from the Emperor a very friendly letter for King Otho, and a snuff-box, orna mented with his Majesty's portrait, for himself. Our Ambassador at the Court of Madrid, Count Brunette, has arrived here on a visit. The Spanish Ambassador :t our Court, Don Campuzano, will return to Madrid in a few days on leave of absence. We hear from Leghorn that 6e King of \Virtemberg will pass apart of the summer there for the purpose of sea-bathing, at which time his Queen will visit the baths of Carlsbad, in Bohemia." The Berlin State Gazette of the 11th inst. quotes Prussian 4 per Cents., 99a 98k. A French sloop of war, arrived from Parekia, in Greece, which place she left on the 15th ultimo, has brought the following intelligence :—" The store ihip La Meuse, while lying alongside the wreck of the Superbe, struck on the rocks with all her sails set, but, by throwing a part of her stores overboard, she was got off. She, however, sprung a leak, which made three feet of water an hour, and it is feared that it will be necessary for her to be hove down, in order to be repaired. The salvage of the Superbe goes on very &lowly, and many of her guns still remain to be got up. Scarcely any part of her hull is to be seen above water.'; The Anti de la Charte of Nantes says—" We are assured that several rich legitimatists have resolved to Wrest their children with parts of their inheritance, in order to qualify them for voters at the next election, and thus increase the number of their party." FRENCH FUNDS.—Pmais, MAY 16, Five per s. v. t+., 1061. 10c. 35c. 30c. Four and a Half per Cent, ICOf. Four per Cents., 9tf. 40c. Three per Cents , 7!lf. 75c. 80c. 85c. Bank Actions, 1,825 f. Rentz de Naples, 97f. 10c. Inc. Roman Five per Cents., 974. Rente d'Espagne, Five per Cents., 28%. Rente d'Espagne, Three per Cents., 44%. Bova Spanish Loan, 8441. Bente PO pet. d' Fspague Five per Cents., 7454. Belgian Loan, 1831, Five per Cent., 99%. EXCHANGE ON LONDON. tme month, paper, 25f. 35c. ; money, 25f. 35c. Three months, paper, 25f. 25c. ; money, 25f. 25c. Authentique. rit E N Cl - 1 FUNDS.-Pakts,:MaT 17. Fite per Cents., 10fif. Mc 15c. I.oc. Four per Cents., 94f. 40c. Thr-e per Cents., 79f. 95c. 90c. Mc. Bank Acttnns, 1,825 f. Bente de Naples, 63. GOc. 40c. 45c. R o man F ive per Cents., Bente d'Espai,, , ne, Five per Cents., 2814. Rented' Espagne, l'itree per Cents., 44N 54 %. !loyal Spanish Loan, 54% .6. Matte Per pet. d'Espagne, Five per Cents., 744%. po s ian Loan, leas, Five per Cents , 99; 2 . ExcissNua ON LONDON. One rni;ntli. paper, 25f. 3.5 e. ; money, 25f. 35c. Three months, paper, 25f. 2.5 c. ; money, 25f. 25c. -Coals Autheutique. .mong the indications of the rapid improve ment going on in the internal state of Spain, may be mentioned with honour the formation of an establish ment called the Royal Institution of Isabella 11., with the objects of affording to the different towns the means required for the furtherance of all public works of utility ; of advancing to i ndustr ious persons, on proper security, the funds they may require to carry into effect positive improvements ; and of carrying on, under its own management, the construction of roads, earitxls, and other public works, which, from their mag nitude, exceed the means of individuals or of towns. Of the benefit to be attained by such an institution under judicious management, some idea may be formed from the fact, that in the interior of Spain roads, in many places, are quite unknown, and the cultivation of extensive distncts is abandoned on account of the expense, or the impracticability of conveying the pro duce to any market to be disposed of. In periods of scarcity, from this cause, the maritime provinces fre quently purchas e grain of foreigners at three times the price it bears in the interior. By the means d ev ised, this inconvenience will be obvia ted , and th e o th er rich produce of the interior, its wines and oil, will find their way to the coast. The benefits which thi s coun try may derive from such improvements are also not t o be lost sight of, and the t i me is evidently near at hand when a commercial union between the two countries may be formed on the best and strongest basis--that of mutual advantage. LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 19, 1834. The German Papers mention that the town of Brandeis (three miles from Prague) is fixed on as the residence of the Duchess of BERRY. It seems that Ch ARLES X. did not wish to have her husband nearer. They state from Dresden, that the introduction of the new duty on brandy has reduced the number of dis- tillers from 6,000 to 800. The abolition of the malt duty (whenever such a measure is found practicable), and an increased duty on spirits, would, we doubt not, have a similar effect in England. This being effected—the tithes commuted, and the burden of the poor's rates lessened, there can be no reason for not open ing the ports to foreign corn, by which means we shall have a vastly increased demand for manufactures, and consequently a general re vival of commerce. The Holy Alliance policy is union amongst despots, and disunion amongst freemen. The policy of the English Government is union amongst freemen, which, and which only, can make them more than a match for their enemies. The Quadruple Alliance mortifies the latter, but it assures the English people that the peace of Europe will be maintained. And what is equally important to the triumph of a Reform Government at home, over their Tory adversaries, who are the natural enemies of freedom? A similar union between all the friends of civil and religious liberty. The remarks of Lord DURHAM and Mr. ABERCROMBIE at the meeting we reported on Saturday, and continue to day, seem directed to this end. The Tories are disappointed. They had hoped for an open rupture between the government and the dissenters. The latter have more wisdom than they have obtained credit for. Their grievances must and will be redressed ; they will be reunited to their friends ; and they will have to advance their speculative opinions by full, fair, and free discussion. The Tories, by their organ, the Post, are endeavouring to make it appear that a great difference of opinion prevails between Lord JOHN RUSSELL and Mr. STANLEY respect ing the disposal of church revenues, and wish it to be understood that the hopes of the church rest on the triumph of the latter. Poor church I if her existence depends upon the opi nions or conduct of men, however splendid their talents or favourable their position ! There is no desire to apply the revenues of the Church to any private purpose. They belong to the nation, and no appropriation of them, under the proposed Tithe Commutation Bill, will prevent Parliament from applying them to any purpose which may seem to the Legislature most likely to advance the public interests. Nor will the Clergy be permitted, in any case, to hold the property of the Church without discharging the duties of christian instructors. The two bills, to which we have adverted elsewhere were prepared, we believe, a long time ago, and they have only waited a favour able opportunity for their introduction. They will satisfy the country that the control which the State exercises over the Church is an advanta geous control, and that the present Government is determined to reform the Church as effectively as they have reformed the Parliament. We are glad that they have at length made a begin ning. Now is the time for making such a spirited and energetic movement as will satisfy the country that they will have no longer to wait for the tardy movements of the bishops. We directed the attention of our readers to proceedings in Parliament, by giving an extract from Mr. MUNDELL'S last publication, when it first appeared. We now beg leave to recur to this subject, and to illustrate what we wish to con vey by adverting to the Select Committee on the Tea duties. There is a Committee now sitting upon the well-being of the favourite and universal beve rage of the British people, the result of which depends upon this, namely, whether the interest of the traders will overcome the tenaciousness of the Ministers. It is obvious to every one who understands the subject, that the Ministers are wrong, but it does not necessarily follow that the traders are right. Why are the consumers, and even the dealers, excluded from this Com mittee? Objectionable as the appointment of private Committees is, and revolting often as their proceedings are, still they possess one great advantage over public Committees, namely, that parties, their agents and counsel, are allowed to be heard before them, and other per sons are not excluded who choose to be present. How absurd that the public should be admitted to private Committees, and that the public should be excluded from public Committees ! What would our Courts of Justice be, what our proceedings in either House of Parliament, if they deliberated with shut doors ? Why should not the same publicity be given to pro ceedings in public Committees that is given to proceedings in Parliament and in our Courts of justice ? One great advantage would imme diately follow from admitting the public to pub lic Committees. Fewer members would attend, but those who did attend would attend closely. The ciphers would withdraw. The inter rupters would be silenced, and the proceed ings would assume a regularity, and call for the exercise of an intelligence which they much want at present. Why should it not be open to the public journals to give an account of proceedings in public commit tees, and to observe upon them as they do of proceedings in both Houses of Parliament ? Without the consciousness of responsibility being ever present, and constantly felt by public men, it is in vain to expect that public men will act rightly, and as far as publicity goes, we may at least have this consciousness of respon sibility constantly operating in public commit tees, by allowing those of the public who take an interest, or have an interest, in their proceed ings, to be present. Nothing could be better calculated to preserve and improve the established church ; nothing more popular with the large mass of the clergy, and the upright and religious amongst their hearers, than the two bills relative to the church —one to enforce residence, the other to abolish pluralities, brought into the House of Lords on Friday night by the LORD CHANCEL LOR. The CHANCELLOR has no doubt well considered the subject, and is prepared to fol low up his plan with his accustomed Teal, energy, and perseverance. But what will the lords bishops say to such a decisive step. ? How are we to account for their silence ? Does it give consent ? Lord BEXLEY, who is a true churchman, made some objections +o the plan, but neither of the bishops seems to have opened his mouth. They were perhaps unprepared for such a movement. It is clear, however, that Parliament will now see justice done to the great body of churchmen, who have long required,—we may say demanded, — that those who are paid by the state for the service of the church should not leave their work to be done by others who are in most instances worse recompensed for their la bour than journeymen mechanics, or excisemen, whilst their masters are accumulating large for tunes, and doing little or nothing for their revenues. We rejoice that an effectual reform has now been commenced, and strongly urge tile LORD CHANCELLOR to persevere through evil report and through good report, until he has restored the clergy to that state in which they may prove of real service to the community. Their excessive wealth has been almost the ruin .of their order. Nothing but speedy and effec tual reform, and exclusive attention to their proper business, can restore to them the affec tions of the people. It is quite evident the country begins to look upon the important question of the Poor Laws' Amendment with more coolness, and, conse quently, with greater chance of arriving at clearer views of this great moral and financial question. The discussion in the House, the unanswer able arguments that were adduced in favour of great and important changes, and the all but unanimous opinion expressed that there is an absolute necessity for a new controlling power to procure the much desired uniformity of ad ministration of laws so deeply affecting the moral and social condition of the poor, have favourably advanced the Poor Laws' Amend ments in public opinion. And we venture to predict that all the leading members of the House of Commons, whose opinions are worth regarding, will be found advocating the neces sity of the controlling powers of a Central Board. Every thing which throws additional light upon a subject so important is extremely advantageou at this time. We shall, therefore, draw from " The Report of the Poor Law Commissioners," such illustra tions of the Poor Laws as are not accessible to the general reader, and which, independently of this, we consider in the highest degree valuable. The subject matter which we shall call the public attention to at this time will be drawn from America, a country so dissimilar in popular estimation to our own—distinguished as it is by the immense quantity of labour it affords, with the comparatively few labourers to perform the various avocations required. The relative condition of the two countries being then so directly opposed to each other in this important particular, we shall be able to deduce a most material and instructive lesson ; because it is asserted by many in this country that the great pressure of the poor rates is oc casioned by the vast disproportion between the labour to be performed, and the great surplus of labourers to do the work. It will appear strange, and place the impor tant question of the Poor Laws in a new light, if we discover upon the clearest and best evidence that the same laws, and the same ad ministration of those laws, do produce pre cisely the same effects in two countries so differently circumstanced as England and America. If so, we must trace the calamity of pauperism not to the amount of work the country affords compared with the labouring population, but to something inherently bad, either in the principle of the law, or to some radical defect in the administration of it. On the 19th of February, 1832, the House of Representatives appointed five commissioners to investigate the pauper system of the com monwealth of Massachusetts to meet during the recess, " to prepare, digest, and report to the next legislature such modifications or changes in the present pauper system of the commonwealth as they may deem expedient ; and that the said commissioners be authorised to appoint an agent (if they deem such appointment expedi ent) to visit as extensively as shall be necessary to obtain full information on the subject, the principal establishments in the commonwealth and elsewhere, for the public charge and sup port of the poor to collect the statistics of those institutions." The commissioners reported to the House of Representatives, and the report was printed at Boston in 1833, and now reprinted in ap pendix F., pages 57, &c., of the Poor Law Commission. It appears that eight years after the first set tlement of the colony and province of Massa chusetts Bay, viz., in 1639, the first law was made to this effect, " that any shire court or any two magistrates out of court shall have power to determine all difference about the law ful settling and providing for the poor persons, and to dispose of all unsettled persons into such towns as they shall judge to be most fit for the maintenance and employment of such persons and families for the ease of the country." The report states that the extraordinary power here given is to be accounted for in this way, that the civil fathers of the state had lived under the earliest operation of the 43d of Eliza beth. The parliament of England appropriated two hundred thousand pounds to carry into effect the 43d of Elizabeth. The American commis sioners then decide against the policy and the principle of their law, and of the 43d of Eliza beth in these words— " Commendable however in themselves as were the purposes of the enactments, they were, as far as the relief of the necessitous and im potent were concerned, the proper purposes, not of legal enactments, but of Christian humanity and charity." The acts here referred to were, in truth, though they seemed not at the time of their passage to have been, direct violations of great elementary principles. And the eject of this interposition of human law, to secure obedience to a plain and oft repeated law of GOD, was, and has been to this day, to produce an in creased and even frightfully increasing extent of the beggary and crime which it was intended to remedy. The report then states the fact " that 200,0001. was the commencement of the fund in Eng land, which, in 1828, had amounted to 7,784,3561. And this sum was applied in part to eke out the wages of the poor who re ceived it,—thus acting as a bounty UpOlf - the oppression of their employers ; and in part was distributed by the vestries or their agents to the poor, who could not obtain employment, in weekly instalments, proportioned to the number of children in the families which applied for it,—thus acting directly as a bounty upon the increase of population. These solemn results are matters of history ; and the consequences of the substitution of this compulsory process for the relief of the poor, for that individual and willing charity which has rarely failed 'to he efficient where it has been left free, stand among the records of the two last centuries as one of the most solemn and admonitory lessons which the events of those centuries suggest for the guidance of the legislatures of, all countries which have either yet to settle the principles on which they are to act in regard to the poor, or which have it in their power to modify any existing laws or institutions by which a country is threatened with a calamity like that of English pauperism." The effects of the poor laws in Massachusetts have been much aggravated by a most injurious law passed in 1675. " This court, considering the inconve nience and damage which may arise to particu lar towns by such who being forced from their habitations by the present calamity of the war do repair unto them for succour, do order and declare that such persons being inhabitants of this jurisdiction, who are so forced from their habitations, and repair to other plantations for their relief, shall not, by virtue of their residence in such plantations they repair unto, be ac counted or reputed inhabitants thereof, or im posed upon them according to law. But in such cases, and where necessity requires by reason of the inability of relations, &c., they shall be paid out of the public treasury." This was the first law in America for supplying the poor from the treasury of the state, and it is quite apparent from the language of the enact ment that it was to meet the exigencies of the occasion. But THE PRINCIPLE had been ad mitted. In the year 1793 an act was passed, stating , g that a married woman shall always have and follow the settlement of her husband if he have any in this commonwealth,. otherwise her own a t the time of marriage, if she had any, shall not be lost or suspended by the marriage. And i n case the wife shall be removed to her settle ment, and the husband shall want relief from the state, he shall receive it in the town where hi s wife shall have her settlement AT THE EX PENSE OF THE COMMONWEALTH." Suspicions of abuse and evil in practice soon became universal, but the facts were wanting by which these suspi c i ons cou ld h ave b een made available for any essential improverhents in the system. The American Commissioners think they have obtained so many facts, " that principles of legislati on on th e su bj ect may now be recognized, and that measures in regard to it may now be adopted, which will not only do much to reconcile interests which the existing law and practice bring into perpetual conflict, but ultimately be for the best good and comfort . both of the whole community and of the poor." The first remarkable fact adduced is that, in a population of 264,327 inhabitants, one in every 21 had, during the last year, been more or less assisted by the overseers ; that the number of poor in this population was 12,331; 5,927 were states' poor, and 6,063 were town's poor, making the excess of town's poor over the states' poor to have been only 497,—this is a fact of startling interest. The states' poor in 1792-3, cost 14,000 dollars ; in 1820 it increased to 72,000 dol lars. From this latter date many attempts have been made to grapple with an evil of such a magnitude by declaring that 90 cents per week shall be the maximum given to an adult pauper, and 50 cents for children. In 1823 it was declared, " no one over 12 and under 60 years of age, and in good health, shall be considered a state pauper." The allowance has since been diminished to 70 cents for adults and proportionally for children. The Commissioners then report that even this diminished allowance has the direct ten dency to increase this class of poor. The next instructive fact is " that this legal provision in this state does give to these our unhappy fellow creatures a peculiar attraction to it in preference to other states in the South." And the Commissioners ask " would such a state of things have existed in our common wealth, if a specific legal provision had not been made for this class of the poor ? Or if the Government had never recognized such a class as the states' poor, and above all, if compulsory charity, in any form, had never been established by our laws, would there have been a twentieth part of the wandering poor which now exist in it, or by any means an equal proportion of poor of any kind with that which is now dependant upon the taxes which are raised for them?" There is another most important and instruc tive fact established by the inquiry of the American Commissioners, and which should be forcibly impressed on the mind of every English man at this particular period—it is this, say they, « We refer to the fact, which is sus tained by the concurrent judgment of all the Overseers, under whose notice these wandering poor pass, that nearly ALL OF THEM ARE ABLE, and, V kept from ardent spirits and compelled to work, would show themselves to be able, to earn their own subsistence." The American Commissioners then recom mend the legislature TO AUTHORIZE THE ERECTION OF WORKHOUSES. GERMAN FUNDS. DUTCH FUN DS--ANISTF.RDAM, MAY 16. Actual Debt, •2 y 2 per Cent. A !curt Syndic ' 4% per cent 89% to 9t.4 Ditto, ditto, 34 per cent. Loan of 1831, 6 per cent Ditto, 1832 and 18433, 5 per Cent 96N to 974 Exchangt• on London 12 07 , , 12 024 BELGIAN FUNDS.—BRUSSELS, MAY 16. Actual Debt, 2 % per Cent. Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent 9B 16 Loan of the City, 1832, 4 per Cent 94 EXCHANGE ON LONDON, MAY 1 —Three months, 10%. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.-.VIENNA, MAY 7. Five per Cent. Metalliques, 994 ; Bank Shares, I,269.—Allge twine Zeitung, May 12. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO MORROW. Morning . . 0 minutes after 0. Evening . 2 minute s after 0. calif • DAY AT ONR O'CLOCK. New 5 per Cent. — lodia Stock Ditto Bonds 28 3° pm. South Sea Stock .... Old Annuities New Ditto — 1 per Cent Ann. 1751 — Ex Bills, .£l,onO 5O 51 pm. Ditto 500 50 51 pm. Ditto Small Ditto Commercial 53 pm. Ditto Advertised Bank for Account.... — India for Account ... ..... I Cons. for Account IRELAND. SHERIFF'S COURT, DUBLIN, May 15. (Abridged from the Dublin Morning Register of Friday.) CRIM. CON.—CONYERS V. WESTROPP. In this ease the defendant allowed judgment to go by default in an action brought against him by the plaintiff, for criminal conversation with his wife. The inquiry took place before Mr. KINAHAN, as Sheriff's assessor. Mr. JACKSON, K. C., as leading counsel for the plain tiff, addressed the jury, and said he was in this case con cerned for Mr. Charles Conyers, a gentleman of considera tion and respectability, whose residence was at Castletown- Conyers, in the county Limerick. He was a gentleman of an ancient, respectable family, and who would inherit a very considerable property upon the demise of his fa ther. That gentleman now came before the jury to complain of a very serious injury which had been done to him, and he had brought his action seeking for com pensation from a jury of his countrymen, so far as they could give him compensation for the injury done to him, for the debauching of his wife, which had been committed by the defendant, Edmund- Odell Westropp. The marriage between Sir. and Mrs. Conyers took place on the 23d March, 1815. The lady's name was Hart, of Carass, in the county Limerick. She was a very fine young woman, and brought a fortune to her husband. Mr. Conyer's father, who had a property of 2,0001. a year, made at the time of the marriage a handsome settlement on his son. He settled immediately upon him 600/. a year. The estates were settled for the use of the father during his life, subject to the 600/. a year, and after the death of the father the whole body of the estates were to go to young Mr. Conyers, and the issue of the marriage. A jointure of 3001. a year was settled upon the lady. The marriage having taken place, the issue from it was one child—a daughter—a delicate female, now, it was under stood, to be about fifteen years of age. The defendant is a member of an exceedingly respectable family in the county of Limerick. He resided in Ballinstern, and was a magistrate of the county of Limerick, in which he re sided ; he had a property of 8001. a year. Mr. Westropp lost his wife in 1831. During the lifetime of his wife there was an intimacy between his family and that of Castletown-Conyers—that intimacy continued after the death of - his wife, and he availed himself of it to ingratiate himself with this lady, who was exceedingly young at the time of her marriage, (not more than fifteen years old,) and was at this time in the prime of life, and exceedingly attractive. So far as her beauty could be an apology for the defendant, he was entitled to the full benefit of it. He began to be exceedingly attentive to the young lady ; and so incessant and constant did those atten tions appear, that Mr. Conyers at last became somewhat suspicious of them. He perceived the attentive addresses of Mr. Westropp to Mrs. Conyers ; and he then did what it became a husband to do—he forbade the defendant his house. Mr. Westropp abstained from openly visiting at t without the knowledge of he r husband. He (Mr. J. ) n h g e b h e o t u w s e n e ; n b h u n h s e e s l fu andccee d t e h d e i n ladyh a v n s g tn s ü b c e h a a n n l utnnd visite s an h d e r i had told the jury that there was one child the issue of the marriage. She was a delicate creature, and the mother was naturally attached to this her only child, and watched over her incessantly. Whether it was for the purpose of cover ing her designs with Westropp, he (Mr. J. ) did not know; but she made the illness of her daughter an excuse for Isleeping in the same room with her, and she no longer oc cupied the same bed with Mr. Conyers. On the 21st August, a n ee dn g et e dh d e t h thgh i ea garden htdoeu san materials, pca.gchConyers,h daughter dr lB3alone t a h s twl o e e te d thp e h eifene defendant h d a . o n u t s le h t ; a v s ho i for nwn h e e d pre c p o ar nn ed ers a , lad w d h er e of was rope i s n , and th frome eemployment ym g ar e d n e t n he clambered l<lr carried into effect his plan for seeing this lady. He ap proached into the apartme n t o f th e l a d y, w h ere h er e w m ; all h ani n: approaching hsaarealp pr saw him apply the ladder of ropes, and afterwards traced him into the window of the lady's apartment. This was quite unequivocal • he had no doubt but that something wrong was intended, and, as became him, he went and apprised his master that the defendant had gone in through a window into Mrs. Conyers' apartment. Three or four persons were brought by Mr. Conyers to the room, in the expectation that the defendant would be plainly shown to have been guilty of the crime of adultery. Mr. Conyers went to the door of his wife's chamber, and gave her to understand he was there. The wife, who was inside, asked who was there ? He told her that there were robbers in the garden, and that he wanted a light ; he said that he wanted a candle to search about the premises, and she then handed a candle out to him. She thought by this he had no suspicion of what was passing in her apartment. It is supposed that the candle went out, as Mr. Conyers waited until the other person came up, whom he wanted to secure the defendant. In a second, he entered the room with these persons. The door was forced open by them, and they entered the chamber, when they saw the defendant rush out in his shirt from one side of the bed. He was discovered in the actof his guilty intercourse with the unfor tunate young woman. He endeavoured to conceal himself behind another bed ; and not content with the offence he had already committed, when an attempt was made to ar rest him, he actually used the deadly weapons with which he had armed himself. He snapped at one man a loaded pistol, and he presented another which burnt prime ! ' However, they at length succeeded in securing him, and, taking him out of the room. He (Mr. J.) believed tha t in the course of that operation, he was beaten pretty smartly. He believed that the men who had thus disco' vered him in their master's room did give him a beating' t, Mr. Westropp withdrew from Castletown and went to th e house of a brother of hi s a t Ballingarry ; ;here--would the jury believe it, he had sufficient influence upon this woman„ to make her forget her duty to herself, her husband, ana, f , her child, to aband on th e mansion where she hsa lived, and repair to the house of her seducer. She went to the house of his brother ; she attended hint there, and she lived with him afterwards in open adultery. . Patrick Connors--I know the plaintiff in this action. I know him for some time, about thirteen or fourteen t iNgg l iv ‘ i y , i l,o 'e n a a r3 a ii a s s s nn. r t i g . is e r ' N n'i. r .‘ a t, n rl a , g ei) , jus:3dst ca lle diratrir towards I t ps o s e m C no ocit ;n k, i : l osan n , e — h noso s ye yi e iosen r ,rr s e h as shti. f romias regi ment. aa C rA a s gman l . e f oNrVt C euef o ns ntfere;:ePtruPhs fortune. et ihi l er edls hear defae tn r emember daPßBlbt: i ii : unto me et i t n h g e N garden.it..NVestro l p t p one evening at Ballinscaslan , that t is a mile from Cony er s; he was in a tax-cart and v 155 f this, i ‘os r. ought selNagev apartments. s s ratb a ar ‘ ott s hty - mgoseo l :r i in i nab m tgneds d.e. sgis into esoil i sh n rfi.cte d‘oh t v h lnehi back rs e euwenhls titr toehdhu s eoop, h 3 tp w a ow: I :it ; ::;i : we then w ent ; h( Le a n an d uags s h v e a tie k gr e h. n t) e o d r u n p in A e ir c . h Conyers, ildren liv in an g d . told hit allowance. Examination continued—Mr. Westropp, when we we u r in, had a case of pistols. I made at him ; I had a pitch, ! fork. When I saw that he had snapped a pistol, I thong" I should be justified in myself to arrest him, and I gs,:j 1. him a blow on the head with a pitchfork. I did not J t him, but I made another, and then we all laid on bite' He was dragged down stairs, and flung out in the garcl. e l Not a word passed between Conye rs and Westropp he' " — g ; I laid on him with a pitchfork. Conyers held a candl, t the door while we were beating Westropp; all Com bo did was to order the pistols to be tak en f r om hint. _, " it young g i r l was no t i n t h e room a t t h e t i me ; s h e live' " i l Coorah. arrs Mr. Delmedge—l am agent to Mr. Conyers ; , - - i i Conyers, the wife of the plaintiff, was a lady of very WI", 1' personal attraction; A lin Westropp is a magistrate of 10 county, and he has The Ballinstern estate, and has, I an' told, 8001. a year. ~,g i Cross-examined—He has a large family ; Mrs. ConY` — , 4 I thought a refined lady; Mr. Conyers might at mom . Jen— not be as very refined as at others ; the conduct of the Isq and gentleman towards each other, when married, was affectionate. ~ Mr. WA LLER, for the def en d an t, sa id, the defendant ddthhieavefdiednnucoael.d plaintiff, esire to b aggravate yany v vexatious x t a h t e i 0 injury u r an y d h e litigating had i n He society was ie t y of his crime—which was as great, he admitted, as one in - i. He (Mr. Waller) was instructed that the property of tn,e , c se o n u s ld ibl h e av o e f h c i o s m e m rr i o tt r ed —h ag e was conlivinenc:eed d in ef f e a n e d t, an a t v l e v r a y s sgmraelaltlpyreopveertrsyt_atesde—ththatattthheey d l a ,. e . i e f n e u s n i t d d an r :t y t h h o sa:: cessive damages, deprive of sustenance nine children, the eldest of whom was hardly one-and-twenty, and 11 one-and-twenty, youngest not more than four years of age. The de fenda n . never was the friend of Mr. Conyers—he never was 9 . quainted with him—he never was at his house on terms o_ , intimacy—he never was at his house during the lifetime of t his wife. It was not until his wife died that he became acquainted with Mrs. Conyers. The fact of the case via° , I' there was an old servant, she might be called a friend, of 1 the Conyers family who was taken into the service of Mr. t Westropp. She was the confidential friend of Mrs. Cow f yers, and was in the habit of communicating with her; and " it was by his means an acquaintance was formed with that ( lady which was the means of bringing all the parties there I that , day. Mr. Jackson had adverted to the beating Of the defendant, and it was justified by that learned gentle man. With all deference for Mr. Jackson, he (Mr. WO differed in opinion with him upon that point. He though t that in the rage and fury, the horror and excitement ofthe moment, if a man discovers his wife in the act of adultery, it may be a pardonable species of homicide in him to slaY with his own hand the adulterer ; but that-was not the es -43 here—it was not the act of the man himself—he did no t ts strike a blow ; but he had his band of hired wea 55 !, to execute the vengeance he had not the manliness to ts: s himself. He who did this could not have the feelings..ol i man. Here, said the plaintiff, I will restrain my i seu,_.,a find the adulterer in my very chamber, and yet I w'll . Tf ee by calmly ; I will not take vengeance myself, but I will others take it, and I—will hold the candle. In 913 1 ~ things they could see as perfect tr aits before as if the volume of his whole life was unravelled • as be was " them. Here they found the plaintiff acting ......ds v. scribed in his brief ; a man fond of low comr anYanuable, garding the ties of domestic duty—.married to aXabandon of a man's ehara u ` e " a highly accomplished, and a polished female, an other witness of the transactions of that awful nighty _ Oll plaintiff ventuee to bring forward. The man has Y_ _o companion,ing her for stuheeh pimp, who ion companions proved e t d h e t he wretch case, Connor —the fo rn t twe that Air. Westropp had pistols, and that Mr. Conyers o I _ l , standing at the door. Will you believe what Conn . s 'l" the —that a man, strong, one of the most powerful C o uld country, a man in the prime of his strength, w be rushed upon, as Connor says he did,jt pitchfork, and disarmed ? I will tell you how occurred. " I see," said Conyers to Mr. WestroPPl ~ y o u are here. I only want witnesses to have a divorce, from that wretched and abandoned woman there." lie TO bringing in his witnesses, when, seeing that the other w .i. 51 . armed, he said, " I will suffer you to depart from I . "; house peaceably. I have no intention of injuring you. The other said, " I am willing to give you the satisfacti en t which one gentleman can give to another. I confess them I have injured you, and I am ready to stand a shot fre'i von." " Give me up the pistols, ' said Conyers, " All, I pledge you my honour no harm shall be done 7 1 you.'' As soon as the pistols were given up, it wag is . that Connor's blood began to rise in him. The is _,'...' very like that of Conyers, and it is thought there is tes. .r,r ie lationship. He (Mr. W. ) would show, by mcon twi e ff e ct evidence, that nothing was left unaccomplished t o .......,_:, the death of Mr. Westropp : his skull was fractured .t,, was pene trated with the stabs of pitchforks. Have flesh treated Mr. Westroop in this way, he was , , and weltering in his blood, into the yosu• p Lrently dead, the g u ilty pa rtner of his offence/ The unfortunate woman, d lin of humanity, had a pillow place but not lost to every fee g b one of the wretches, and the underhis head; it was seen with standing her sin, had feeling a creature never fortunate, a more beautiful and i nteres ting we re seeing that they t.O existed—this unfortunate wo man, 1, -as stretched, 5 ", about to murder the unhappy man w,..0.v* her, We' almost naked, having only her chemise up ' ' upon the felin e( shouldplainti fl w . t i l s e l s , i r t cod seeit t o h i bme died dragged !ed i, dfrho inches.mu 1 b n,a ; ,nh n ii e ts3 a ,s t : h .ae , nm s d a a y nt i h, n on g ue t gt h wh a i t uth h n. e . herself across his body, and in that positio was ~.t it with the red head, who was on the table, her e e was Hugh to transpierce both with a pitchfork, when h e, was right in point of law—for that would ha v e h D n rd; ip • tifiable o ie.. der in those wretches, though jus hims e lf. h b e E nr a tei n dl o t t h hs e ah r te , ssh a ae n , d . "t, oh t u l a l lted their n i o t t ch s f t o i r r k intentt that av wase n n t i ing t h h:: r o df rue:rmh andi !. t i h etn e_ s_. bra... de a : do the ; Conyers, who had not the heart to do it witnesss, the After the learned counsel had called h; s . .. ith a verdict jury retired for a short time, and returne:. ''' _........ for the plaintiff, with '2,500i, damages, a . . d sixpence costs. anw,itazsiembleinnihsht:naesrbs be e n uofsml 't business Fri da y aPs r 1 n t e r o r , I 1 foragrow ....._.-7----.--------- jellies and ices." tions A A The general appearance of the hop piall.ts; i tnigtt,iihiinsdAilkindly , journeyman , i i confectioner neighbourhood u county rs n hlewohx a okfoeidsnarges isssf Godrieo synh Sessions on t oaa promising,nvo dd nn iendersgstahotreuo advertot aprb i ai o: % . H m t ar ref y o A rd ah J o o n u e r y n: a l. wretched-looking old woman , alof ienfkrdeet clothes,nhaewe offender, cat-stealingtof f b ef u ehn t atdw youngei h ar n o wwaa and known as a cat-skinner, was indicted for steel :nye ! • g $ child of three years old, with an intent to take ~,.'" policeman. The prisoner was found guilty, when the re chairman said that the prisoner at the bar looked 11,., years ; and sentenced her to be tr 1 ) v e: e ba n ewht t i ein e ter d gnn.eid b n i st 0) , t the he spirited iursi seized t te o d dy i h ol d o ingly. The court got throu ° ha t s been known these session in one day—earlier than "x o'clock, to the 9.9tb Ha et yeast e ar t e e e {r . o a c f seven c e o n rd i two years—and adjourned at st. si‘aiyins_ T is i t l e, e ,r LBofieeNurilrar.inG;se p 0: o 5 or mare lii i_t t e h o ...r e instant. as and l su a m d p gn y r aao e n: ( the King has also accepted the re. State Gazette of the 9th in' s tall; and nominated Baron de. Brenn to be his successp: M. de Schukinan will, however, continue to a c e ta te, ivn nister of State and Member of the Council of go, and also in the commission for managing the °toe theipßroovTinTcliaNlGstamtesA, MATCH. —On tl f the signation of M. Scehnuekraml Prince Royal. M. de Rother, Councillor ° o f t he Finances, is charged with the administr ation brides and roads." last ,: trotting match took place between Mr• and a gelding belonging to a Mr. Harvey c u e of London) over that celebrated three-mile Pi t. e , a nd ground between the Green Man, Blackheet`ivevf Shooter's-hill, for a considerable sum of money, ;vottritO bets were also pending , the horse being the le,„ort• at starting. Early in t he afternoon a number 01.7 t he ing gentlemen from London met at the SUP loci, Sands, where the merits of the horses and of the a f o r lord's best chee r filled up the time until the Pel3,°,locl;• starting arrive d. The match came off at six 0 - N A in the evening. The horse, rode by M,Donald bio, the lead at starting, the mare being well up wit it ,„isb: but she broke, and was turned three times, n°" . ; 00 standing which she won cleverly in ten millutu twenty seconds ; rode by Weston.