The Sun. — London, England, 1834-01-30 00:00:00

LITERATURE. EDINBURGII Rh. VIE' W. No. CX VIII. EDINBUBGH, 1834. The review, by Mr. :Macaulay, of " Thacke rar 8 History of the Earl of Chatham," is by far the best article in this number. It is well digested and forcibly written. No living author imparts such interest to subjects that happen to hit his f ancy, as Mr. Macaulay. There is no beating about the bush—no begging the question—no foul play in his articles. He stands up to his them e like a man. His papers are\ the very life atd soul of the Edinburgh Review, and, oc cupying a mean between history and essay, form the most delightful reading possible. The secret Of their triumphant success is, that they are written from a full mind, which, after all that fay be urged to the contrary, is the main source of tru e eloquence. But Mr. Macaulay is not ' O nly well provided with knowledge, but he pos sesses also the rare faculty of discrimination. Ile gives us the lights and shades of character ' w ith all the nicety and vividness of Clarendon. Even his slightest outlines tell like the most elaborate full-lengths of others. A few shrewd, dexterous touches, let fall as if accidentally, and t he statesman, orator, or lawyer he would em °°dy, is complete. What, for instance, can be finer in its way than the following hasty, but ch aracteristic sketch of the great Earl of Chatham not"ltt was, undoubtedly, a great man. But his was a co mplete and v.ell-proportioned greatness. The public life of Hampden, or Somers, resembles a reginar drama, which can he criticised as a whole, and every scene of which is to be viewed in connexion with the m Diu action. The public life of Pitt, on the other band, is a rude though striking piece, —a piece . abounding in incon gruities,....a by some noble Piece tt ithout any unity of plan, but redeemed Passages the effect of which is increased by the tameness or extravagance of what precedes, and of what follows. His opinions were unfixed. His conduct at 'some of the most important conjunctures of his life was evidently determined by pride and resentment. He had one fault, which of all human faults is most rarely found in company with true greatness. He was extremely affected. He was an almost solitary instance of a man of real genius, and of a brave, lofty, and commanding spirit, without simplicity of character. Be was an swim in the closet, an actor at council, and an actor in Parliament ; and even in private society he could *not lay aside his thea trical tones and attitudes. We know that one of the mast d istinguished of his partisans often complained that he could never obtain admittance to Lord Chatham's room till every thing was ready for the repres entat i on—t i ll the dresses and properties were all correctly disposed —till the 'tight was thrown with Rembrandt_like effect on the head of the illustrious performer—till the flannels bad been arranged with the air of a Grecian drapery, and the crutch placed as gracefully as that of Belisariu s or Lear. "Yet, with all his faults and affectations, Pitt had, in very extraordinary degree, many of the elements of ,greatness. He had splendid talents, strong passions, quick sensibility, and vehement enthusiasm for the grand It "' the beautiful. There was something about him which ennobled tergiversation itself." Th e touches thrown in respecting Pitt's love of theatrical display, give extraordinary force an d life t o this masterly portrait, and place t he great statesman at once before us, as Key nnitis has done with Dr. Johnson, where he Paints him with a dusty, mildewed quarto held dose to his eyes. We must demur, however, to Mr- Macaulay's assertion that Pitt's "opinions were unfixed." Never was any thing so erro neous. From the dawn down to the twilight of his political life, Lord Chatham had but one predominant principle, which he kept constantly before him, to which lie sacrificed every minor consideration, which was the whole aim and end of his ambition. It was his pride to win for his country a foremost rank amon g Eur o p ean nations. Oth er statesmen might be content with imp rov i ng h er domestic resources and keeping her in her proper place ; Pitt would have her be the arbitress of the Continent, and peril her all in the attempt to make her so. We tee this darling passion influencin g him from his v ery first start into public life, and keeping pace with his own power. First, it is a dim, vague, t wilight conception ; by degrees it becomes more distinct and luminous ; till finally, it bursts forth i nto bro a d, full daylight. It was at its meridian about the year 1760, when Pitt was Secretary of State, and invested with the uncontrolled condu c t of foreign affairs. A more glorious War-Minister England never saw. Her long aeries of national humiliations were at once Changed, as if by magic, into n a tio na l tri um ph s . Whateverexpedition was planned, whether by land or sea, in the Old world or the New, suc ceeded, for Pitt infused his own energies into every department of the foreign service. Could a statesman like this be " unfixed in his opi nions ?" Impossible ! Nothing but the strongest tenacity of purpose —the most inflexible perse verance ---the most straight-forward determina tion, looking neither to the right nor to the left, but keeping one grand object, as a land-mark, perpetually before it, from youth to age, through evil and through good report, in the midst of doubt, distress, and difficulty,—could have enabled a Minister to achieve such glory for himself and his country. Had Pi tt b een a mere political weathercock, shifti ng , lik e the Duke of Newcastle, with every shifting wind, he would not have come down to us, clad, as with the Imperial purple, i n his present g l ory. Another of Pitt's favourite notions, from which be never deviated, w as the developing the vast moral and intellectual resources of th e middle classes. He was the first statesman of this country who called them from almost a state of nothingness, into active, political existence pitted them against the whole weight of the aristocracy; and when deserted by his sovereign and the courtiers, boldly appealed to them for St : P P ° "*`won it—and was brought back in tri umph on their shoulders. In those days, when nobility bore a " charmed life;" when political infl u ence was unknown, below the higher g rades of t h e commonalty • when, to use the words of , Fletcher, h t ere was— " Not the least limb growing to a King an But carried thunder in it," experiment like this, was as daring as coin- Prehensir e, and scarcely likely to be adopted by ind e e et j b° se " opinions were unfixed. But, the never t es e r , ih never existed a statesman to whom Hits w h r i etB Were so little applicable as to Pitt. statue Publ ic e P u blic life, like some noble Grecian is i: e ' ,.. exhibit s a grand uniformity. Nothing ster n , u g r . u . °ll B, or out of keeping. In the %titr e as p ir ing cornet of dragoons, we see the wa t er of England. The young """ of the influential Walpolc—influen tial even in his fe.—gives hostages for the ma tured opponent of Newcastle, backed by all the power of the Court and the Aristocracy. But with all his triumphs, Pitt was of little real or lasting benefit to his country. His services, though splendid, were superficial. True, they gained England a great name abroad, but they sadly impoverished her at home. They pro cured her conquests, some of which she could ' not keep, while others were worse than useless to her. The truth is, the school in which Pitt studied was a had one, and essentially anti- English. It overlooked our insular position, which seems to enjoin on us the duty of non interference ; compelled us to rush headlong into every mad, continental broil ; and, re versing the old adage, "solid pudding is better than empty praise," to become the paymasters of Europe, and take back as an equivalent, its respect and admiration. Fortunately, this school is now extinct. A more enlightened, though less dazzling race of statesmen, has sprung up. The word " glory " is now exchanged in the political vocabulary for the word " business." Our commercial resources, neglected for so many ages, are in full process of development. Monarchy—though still wisely cherished—is shorn of its beams ; aristo cracy has found its level ; the people are rapidly finding theirs. We are now content with hap piness at home, without coveting omnipotence abroad. Henceforth our struggles will be, not for some alien question about Spanish succes sion, or Hanoverian prerogative, but pro aris et focis, for the safety and comfort of our own fire-Sides. The remaining articles in the present number we have left ourselves little room to discuss. Few rise above mediocrity, though the one on " The changes required in the Corn Laws," which takes a liberal, common-sense view of the question, deserves an attentive perusal. " fen's Memoirs of the House of Russell," also con tains some amusing, desultory anecdotage. As for the article on " Transportation," it may be shrewd, practical, and sagacious ; but it is so intolerably dull and prolix, that we would rather be transported ourselves than wade through it a second time. DUBLIN, JAN. 28. I stated in a former letter that dictatorship is on the decline here, notwithstanding all that may be said and written to the contrary by those who have an interest in upholding it. The two following fact., not yet published in Ireland, will go far in proving my assertion. The Roman Catholic hierarchy have adopted a resolution— that " temples built for the worship of the Living God" ought not to become conventictes far money-changers or Repeal agitation ; and t h ey h ave elected the Rev. Mrr. Foran, of anti-Radical principles, president of Maynooth. A few weeks ago, the moral and religious feelings of the country were chocked by the violence with which Mr. O'Connell and some of his followers took possession of a chapel in this city, for their own purposes. The key had been forced from the clerk, who refused to open the door, and was threatened with being thrown into the street, though it is now ascertained that the poor man withheld the key in obedience to the instructions of the parish priest. This was followed by a resolution on a subsequent day, by which O'Connell pledged himself to have the canon of the Roman Catholic Church, forbidding the use of chapels to other purposes than those of religion, abo lished. This canon has, it seems, been for a long time confined to the province of Leinster. O'Connell, however, wished to render it a dead letter; accordingly it was ex pected that, on the annual meeting of Bishops, about this period, numerous petitions would be presented for its abo lition. Whether any such have been sent in I know not, but of this I am assured, that it is resolved, that the s,id canon, hitherto confined to Leinster, shall be extended and henceforward observed in all parts of Ireland ! ! The election of Mr. Form], too, is a proof that the higher order of clergy, at least, are determined to discountenance agi tation by rewarding merit, when they find it, in persons of different political principles. This same Mr. Foran is the venerable individual who, at the last election for the borough of Dongarvon, accompanied the late Honour able George Lamb to the hustings, and sustained him in opposition to the clamour of those whose applause and adherence be could command only by the sacrifice of such principles as be thought conducive to their welfare. To the two facts already mentioned may be added another of similar importance to the friends of good order. Doctor Slattery, the old friend and fellow professor of Doctor Doyle at Carlow, has been recently promoted to the Titul.r Archhishopric of Cashel, which had been promi.ed by O'Connell and his press to Doctor M'Hale. This happened some weeks ago ; but the prohibition of the use of chapels for lay purposes, and the election of Doctor Foran, form part of the business of the Roman Catholic Bishops now assembled in Dublin, ac cording to annual custom, to regulate their affairs and prepare for the proper discharge of their spiritual functions during the ensuing year. Among them are Doctors Murray, Kinsella, Blake, and the celebrated Doctor Doyle. The latter, though somewhat delicate in health, is still capable of influencine, by his wisdom and eloquence, the councils of that august body, into whose deliberations, he is said, for many years past to have instilled the beat principles of christian energy and patriotism. SHOCKING ACCIDENT.--Yesterdayse'nnight, as a man named Sbrubsole, in the employ of John Lake, Esq , of Bapchild, was cutting out some hay from a stack near his employer's house, his foot slipped, and he fell with the hay.knife in his hand. The knife was swung round in the d. scent, and, we regret to add, the point entered his back, cutting its way through bis body, and when dis covered was actually protruding from his chest. The po tr fellow was seen to make only,one convulsive struggle, and then expired. lie bore a very excellent character for sobriety and industry.—Kentish Gazette. AFFRAY WITH POACHERS.—An examina tion has been going on this day at the Castle, into a serious affray between a numerous party of poachers and the gamekeeper and other persons at Bishop's-court, the seat of F. Garratt, Esq., on Saturday night. In the conflict which ensued in capturing the company of poachers, Mr. Trott, a farmer of Clyst Honiton, was shot in the head, and severely bruised about his legs and body. Mr. Waters, another farmer, who was present aiding Mr. Garratt's gamekeeper, was shot in the arm, and so seri ously, that the surgeon in attendance on him cannot pro nounce him out of danger, from fear of lockjaw. There are three men now in custody, whose nsmes are John and Alexander Duncan and Isaac Helson.— Western Zurnittar 8Ii on IP: d W a Batavia to REGKS AND Lois OF LIFE.—The brig c Rye harbour Ito , Scholberg master, of Bremen, bound from sho re T about three miles from the mouth of master and six Other se were saved by the Coast Guard, but vessel was compluetely beach at high water mark broken " c a an nd not overboard and lost. The b t y h e t h cargo Nva vbeas: beenand ythe t covered to a long distance with the fragments. credit o w a l a t 0 f recovered. Too much gallant services, for to Guard for their indefatigable saved b owed their be given to the Coast man a ceeoaruld do in en 'hem, and to them only, the seven station, was eatEriliple. The lives. Lieutenant Morgan, of therneena n i ing ng th s e tat l ion, particularly active, and did all that en couraging his men and setting them conduct of Lieutenant Somerville, of the ad' was equally meritorious. On Friday Pioneer, of Yarmouth, Bracey master, bound from Y ar_'rig mouth to Venice with herrings, ran on shore not far fro m Conrad, and in a few hours also becam e a eomple ni te wreck. Of the crew all (except a boy, who was washed overboard) saved themselves in their boat. Lieutenant Snell, of 31 Tower, lost no time in putting off the lif e . boat stationed there, although there was a very heavy sea, and it was the first trial of the boat. The crew having reached the shore in their own boat, hie services were not needed.--Brighton Guardian. COURT CIRCULAR. The Duke of Cumberland honoured the Noblemen sn , Gentlemen's Catch Club with his company at dinner on Tuesday evening, at the Thatched House. The Duchess of Kent and the Princess Victoria walked and drove in Hyde-park yesterday for some time. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the residence ot Viscount Althorp, in Downine- , treet, which was attended by the Lord Chancellor, Earl Grey. the Mar quis of Lansdowne, the Duke of Richmond, the Earl ot Carlisle, Viscount Melbourne, Viscount Palmerston, Mr. Secretary Stanley, the Right Hon. C. Grant, Sir J. Graham, and Lord Holland. The Ministers were in de liberation three hours. The Marquis of Sligo and Mr. Burnley transacted busi ness yesterday rt the Colonial Office. Mr. Littleton bad an interview with some of the Cabi net nnisters yesterday. Baron Biome, the Danish Minister, and the Chevalier de Lima, the Portuguese Minister, transacted busines yes terday at the Foreign Office. Despatches from the Lieutenant-Governor of Sierra Leone and from Lord Nugent, the Lord High Commis gioner of the lonian Islands, were received yesterd iy at the Colonial Office. BRIGHTON, JAN. 29. In the forenoon of yesterday his Majesty, accompanied by the Duchess of Gloucester drove out to near Shore ham, and returned to the Palace at two o'clock to luncheon ; after which be re-entered his carriage with Miss d'Este, and continued his drive until nearly dusk. The Queen, accompanied by the Countess of Mayo, enjoyed a carriage airing through various parts of the town. The Princess Augusta and Lady Mary Taylor were in public for some time. Captain Woolmore, after a stay of some days at the Palace, took leave yesterday afternoon, and left for town. The Royal dinner party last evening included the Prin cess Augusta, E irl and Countess of Mayo, Lord and Lady Tollamore, Lord and Lady Falkland, Lady C. Bury. Sir Andrew Barnard, Miss d'Este, Mr. and Mrs. Daly, Lady ;Vary Taylor, Capt. and the Hon. Mrs. Pechell, Earl and Countess of Errol, Miss Bagot, Lord Byron, and Colonel Bowater. Her Majesty's band attended, and performed some admired and select pieces of music. Colonel Sir George Teesdale, and the officers of the King's Dragoon Guards, will give a grand ball and supper at Newburgh-house, to-morrow (this) evening. Nearly 300 persons of distinction are invited. The weather this morning is exceedingly fine, and forms a pleasing contrast to that of the past month ; the drives and promenades are, in consequence, numerously visited by the haut ton, and the town once more presents a gay and cheerful appearance. Her Majesty will accompany the King, on Monday next, to St. James's Palace, and it is probable they will not re tuma here before the following Saturday. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. Admiral Goslin and family, at the Berners Hotel, Berners_ street, from their seat, Benges Hall, Hertford ; Mrs. Pretty_ man and family, at ditto, from Hampton ; R. Sayer, Esq., at ditto, from his seat, Sibton-park, Yoxford, Suffolk; D. Boger, and Mrs. Boger, at ditto, from Plymton ; G. C. Thornton, Esq., at ditto, from his seat, Marden Hill, Hertford ; H. Hanbury, Esq., at ditto, from Oldtleld Grange, Essex ; Capt. Dangrel, at the Blenheim Hotel, Bond.street, from Padbury House, Bucks ; Captain Farebrother, at ditto, from ditto; Rev. Thomas Wright, Mrs. Wright, and Edward Wright, Esq., at ditto, from Clayden Rectory, Bucks; Rev. John Tumour, at ditto, from Wendover ; Henry Watteson, Esq., at ditto, from Bucks; Wm. Bunce, Esq., at ditto, from Dover. DEPARTURES, Rev. Joseph Hambleton, from the Blenheim Hotel, on a tour ; Wm. Nevill, Esq., from ditto, for the North ; C. Mee, Esq., from ditto, for Brighton ; Major M'Mullin, from ditto, for ditto; Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Wilkins, from ditto, for Chelten ham ; Rev. Herbert Marsh, from ditto, for the Rectory, near Stamford; Lieut. Johnson, R.N., from ditto, for Plymouth ; Hugh Scott, Esq., and Mrs. Scott, from the Berners Hotel, Berners-street, for Hastings ; G. Roebuck, Esq., from ditto, for Bath ; Major Turner, from ditto. ARRIVALS AT CHELTENHAM. The Earl and Countess of Waldegrave, Ladies Read and Ward, Colonels Langton, M.P., Eyre, and Thoyts ; Revds. Duck, Al lies, Wiggett, Benson, Parry, Wegol and family; Captains Jeff; Coulthard, Huntley, and Wharton; Messrs. and Mesdms. Peck, Bolton, Wood, Staunton, Myers, Hazeldine and family, Hinck ley, and Jenkins; Messrs. Smythe, Stafford, Martin, Harold, W. M. Gablett, Christmas, Charters, Young, Tudor, Dowell, Evans, Murray, Turner, H. Cox, Brandon, Stewart, Stevens, W. Chadwick, Wickens, J. Martin, Walsingham, Grant, S hew. Entwisle, Armefield, Hunt, Prosser, Stanley, Pemberton, Long ney, Binning, Sadler, Staveley, M.P., Loveridge, and G. Wex ford ; Mesdms. Fowler, Webb, Barry, Johnson, Glover, Col. Weston, Grace, and Gilbert ; Misses Thornhill, Robinson, Quinton, Laing, H. Rowley, Randell, Goodyer, Prockter, A. Jennings, Crofton, &c. &c. Duke Ferdinand of Wirtemberg, uncle of the King, died on the 20th inst., at Wisbaden. The Duke and Duchess of Gordon have ar rived from Gordon Castle for the season. His Grace, who occupied part of last season Lord Bruilenell's man sion in Carlton Gardens, has taken a residence in Bel- grave-square. The grand banquet at Apsley House on Mon day next, it is expected, will he confined chiefly to Oppo sition Peers. It was originally intended to invite 45, but it was found that several Noblemen, including the Duke of Northumberland, Earl Bathurst, &c., would not arrive at their respective residences in time to be present. The Earl of Darlington, Earl and Countess of Wilton, the Hon. Charles and Mrs. Arbuthnot, the Hon. Miss Courtney Boyle, Count Matuszewie, Mr. Irby, &e., arrived at Burghley House, Lincolnshire, last week, on a visit to the Marquis of Exeter. For the entertain ment of the party, Earl Fitzwilliam's pack of fox hounds threw off at Burghley Park on Thursday, and, after a run of about two miles, killed at Whitewater. Lord Burghley and Lord Brownlow Cecil, on their ponies, joined in the chase, and were up a few minutes after the death. In honour of the two juvenile sportsmen, Seabright, the huntsman, presented the brush to Lord Burghley. The Earl of Lonsdale having been applied to to further the design of building a new Nation-i 1 Scotch Church, in Carlisle, generously presented a piece of ground, his property, in Lonsdale-street, on which the building is be erected, and the work, we are informed, wilt be com menced imrnediately.—Lancaster Gazette. The Mayor of Bristol gave a grand dinner, at the Man•ion•house, in that city, on Thursday. Amongst the guests were his Grace the Duke of Beaufort, the Mar quis of Worcester, Lords Aps!ey and Ellenborough, Sir R. R. Vyvyan, M.P., Captain Codrington, P. J. Miles, Esq , Wm. Miles, Esq., the candidate for the representa tion of Somer s et, &c. It is asserted that so far from Lord Forester having been marked in his attention to Madlle. d'Este during her recent visit at Belvoir Castle, and that a mar riage was on the tapir, his Lordship was unable to parti cipate in the festivities in consequence of his recent accident while hunting. Lord F., after a short sojourn in town left Charles -street, Berkeley-square, on 'fuesday, to resume the management of the Belvoir Hunt, which he undertook the expense of keeping up when his noble relative, the the Duke of Rutland, relinquished it three years ago. Sir Robert and Lady Peel are visiting the Duke of Rutland at BelvoirCastle, where they arrived from a visit to the Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter, at Burghley-house. The Right Hon. Baronet returns to Drayton, from Belvoir, and next week he comes to town to attend his Parliamentary duties. Lieutenant General Sir Colquhoun Grant, of the 15th Hussars, has lately come into possession of a large fortune, bequeathed to him by a gentleman in Dorsetshire, not in the most distant degree related to him.—Limerick Chronicle. We hear that the enormous wealth of the late William Mellish, Esq., of Dover-street, will come into the possession of his two daughters, the eldest of whom, four years ago, married Lord Edward Thynne, the fifth son of the Marquis of Bath, and brother to the Duchess of Buc clench. Alias Mellish, the other daughter, is said to have been on the eve of marriage with the Earl of Glengall at the time of her father's decease. Mr. Mellish acquired the greatest part of his fortune by contracts for provision ing the navy during the war; he was also in extensive business as a shipowner, and had taken, shortly before his demise, the residence of Mr. Long Wellesley, in Dover street. Lord Edward Thynne came to town yesterday, in consequence of the death of Mr. Mellish. ORIGIN OF TARTINI'S " DEVIL'S SO NATA."—Tartini had pondered long and anxiously on the composition of a sonata, on which he could rest his fame, and which he ardently wished might excel all his previous conceptions. In this state of mind he retired to his rest, and dreamed, that the Devil, coining to his bedside, violin in hand, played a sonata of such ravi.hing sweetness and exquisite melody that his whole soul was filled with de light. Enraptured at having thus been favoured with the completion of his wishes, he started up, and found it all a drepm. The imprettiion, howeyer,:was: so vivid that he insrat.ty ior a light, and proceeded to note down a. much of the strdn as he co4l tecolfect. Tartini's " Devils S •tia , a" is still well known amongst musicians as a work exhibitinz great taste, genius, and science ; hut he was often heard to declare himself, that, could he hay.• re. called it perfectly, as he first heard it, no ear'hly composi tion could have at all approached it in grace and sublimity. —A thenceunt. The volerable Mr. Coke of Norfolk has ex pressed his intention to he present at the grand dinner to he given to Lord Western at the Shire Hall in March next._ Colchester Gazette. THE TYLNEY ESTATES AND THE HON. WM. LONG WELLESLEY. —in November next this gen tleman's eldest son will come of age and into possession of fourteen thousand pounds per annum. There is a talk of cutting off the entail, and thus en titling the father to com pound with his creditors. We learn with sincere regret that the Rev. Dr. Chalmers was taken suddenly ill on Friday morning ; the answer to the inquiries yesterday was, that he was still very unwell. The cause of his illness is ascribed to the great exertion that was required in the delivery of his very longspeech in the Presbytery on Thursday, whit.% occupied upwards of three hours, and at the conclusion of which he appe red much exhausted. We trust that a few days of relaxation will restore the Rev. Doctor to his wonted heal t h.—Edinburgh Courant. We have heard of the death of the Rev. Samuel Madden, sen., of Kilkenny, occasioned by what would appear a most mysterious providence. While ad ministering medicine to a favourite pony, he in some way caught the disease (glanders), which in a short time de prived his family of a kind and affectionate husband, father, and brother. Mr. Madden was eldest son of the late Major Madden, of Kilk9nnv, and nephew of Sir W. Gordon Cumming, Bart.—Dublin .111;iil. The premium on gold at Paris is 71 per milk, which at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. lOid. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 25. ; and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25. 27i., it f.,llows that gold is 7-25 per cent. dearer at Paris than in London. The forthcoming " Excursions," by John Maddos, E.g., " in the Holy Land, Syria, Egypt," &c., will include many valuable illustrations of Scripture, par ticularly as re2ards Jerusalem, the scene of the Conversion of St. Paul, near Damascus ; the grand events in Syria, and the dominion of the Pharoahs in Egypt. The above named traveller was absent thirteen years from his native land, during which time he was employed in making notes in those regions which holy writ has stamped as the most interesting in the world. His work will immediately appear. THE OUTWARD-BOUND.—The wind having at length shifted to the northward, it is calculated that at least nine hundred vessels will have simultaneously set sail from the various ports in the Channel and from Bristol, the Welsh ports, Liverpool, and Ireland. Many of these outward-bound vessels have been detained since the middle of November, and the loss by detention will be very great to the merchants, and also to the shipowners. That mankind have in all ages been subject to similar infirmities may be inferred from the remark of Cicero, who says that every client who applied to him fur legal assistance uniformly misrepresented his own case. The Garde National of Marseilles states that on the 19th ins'ant, at 8 o'clock in the evening, about fifty workmen of that town assembled in front of the Gendarmerie barracks, in the Fauxbourg Sr. Lazare, and attempted to create a disturbance by shouting " Vive la Republique !" " Vivent les Polonais !" " A bas les Gendarmes !" but were soon dispersed by the appear ance of a party of the military. A short time afterwards four or five of the rioters returned, and had the audacity to recommence their cries ; consequently, they were all arrested and sent to prison. We have reason to believe that the incident of the Mayor of Shuttlework's dressing himself in the Marquis's clothes which occurs in the story of " Snow don," in Mr. Hook's last work of " Love and Pride," is founded on fact; indeed, we have heard the story nar rated with the real names of the performers in it, but with this exception, we also know that the events which so frequently occur to the magnificent hero of the tale are all imaginary. A few days ago, at Howden, a child acci- dentally set fire to its clothes, which its brother having ob served, endeavoured to extinguish. In this attempt his own clothes became ignited, and to check the progress of the flimes, he ran out and rolled himself over at the fout of a haystack, which in consequence took fire. It is still further remarkable. th it a gentleman who went in pursuit of a surgeon to attend upon the children broke his leg.— Manchester Guardian. Mademoiselle Michelot, a young chorus singer of the Opera Comique, had been long teased by the urgent suit of a young musician belonging to the hand at the same theatre, hut whose advance+ she had uniformly repulsed. On Thursday she received a note from him, intimating that if she did not accept hia tenders of love he should he driven to some act of desper,tion. This rendered her very uneasy, and she became so alarmed that on Friday morning she remained locked up in her room in the Rue des Filles St. Thomas till two o'clock, when some one knocked at her door. Her excited feelings made her imagine that it was the musician come to carry his threats inio execution, and so overpowering was her terror, that she rushed to the window, precipitated herself into the street, and was killed upon the spot.— Galignant's Mes senger. HISTORY OF THE NOBILITY AND LANDED GENTRY.-We are requested to state that the fifth part of Mr. Buike's History of the Commoners of the United Kingdom, a Companion to the Peerage and Baronetage, with the Armorial Bearings of the sever tl Families, is now ready for delivery at the various booksellers in town and country; also the fourth edition, with all the new creation., of Mr. Burke's History of the Peers and Baronets of the United Kingdom, the only complete work of the kind extant, in 2 vols., Syn., with upwards of 1,500 engravings of the arms, incorporated with the text on a new plan, and a portrait of the King, after Sir Thomas Lawrence, beau • tifolly printed in double columns, so as to contain a quan tity of matter equal to twelve ordinary volumes. This work comprises three times the number of Families that have ever before been presented to the public in any one put , lication of a similar description. It embraces every family in England, Ireland, and Scotland, invested with hereditary honours, and every individual i❑ the remotest degree allied to those families : the whole revised from authentic communication, made to the author by almost every noble family in the kingdom. CAUSES OF INSANITY.—Much of the mental ai men' of the present day is to be traced to that kind of debility in the brain and nerves which semi-learn ing, and false refinement, and ambitious feelings, and querilous habits occasion. The substitution also of vapid articles of diet, in place of more nutricious support, may have an influence in deteriorating nervous energy, and thereby tending to the induction of mental disorder; but it is questionable whether the use of China tea is in itself so productive of insanity as some have conceived. Spirit drinking, both indirectly and directly, is a decided saurce of nervous disorder and derangement. False notions of religion tend to unhinge the mind, depress the feelings, and occasion general misconception ; and it is a curious fact, that religious insanity is less common among a Ca tholic population, inasmuch as when implicit faith is to be put in dogmas, the mind is not permitted to doubt and to inquire, and is therefore kept free from that restlessness and wavering on points of belief', which is the state and time that severe doctrines gain an admission among the thoughts, and give rise to dreadful hallucinations. All circumstance, however, which calls with more than com mon force on the feelings is likely to dislodge reason from is seat.— Uu, , ins on Mental Disorders. IGNORANCE OF THE ANCIENT ROMANS. —Toe Romans neither improved their calendar, nor were even in a condition to erect a common sundial. The latter fact is so striking, that it would seem wholly incre dible without express and circumstantial mention. We shill, therefore, give a rapid sketch of the history of the Roman clocks. In the year 402 of the town, no other means were known for facilitating in some degree the calculation of time to the Humans than to set up a pole to tnatk the shortest shadow, by consequence of the hour of noon only. Of sun-dials, properly so called, no one, as yet, had any idea. In Sicily, splendid sun-dials were discovered, of which one was brought from Catana to Rome, and set up, without its occurring to any one to adapt its position to the meridian of Rome. It was soon discovered that nothing could be done at Rome with a clock which had gone extremely well at Catana ; and the censor Quinctus Marcius had another set up. This, how ever, soon proved altogether as useless as the first. That, however, a method of reckoning time might not be en tirely wanting, the renowned water-clock of Scipio was set up in lieu of a sundial towards the close of the fol lowing century, as the suitable arrangement of the sun dial was despaired of. In later times, indeed, Rome was amply provided with sun-dials. —Lardner's Cabinet Cy elopadia ; History of Rome, ENGLISH ESTABLISHED CHURCH AT HAMBURG. (From the Hani,,,ro Repor!er.) The fallowing offici .1 notification has been made by tFe authori'ies of this city : " Th. mivileg.s of an es...thlshed c mgregation having now been constitutionally conferred on the profe.sors of the Anglo-Episcopal Church, it has also been deemed ex pedient to remove any douht on the sehject of the official acts hitherto performed in this city by the clergyman of that Church. It has therecore been constitutionally resolved— " That all the official title hitherto performed her, since the abolition of the Omit by the clergyman of tia , Anglo• Episcopal Church, who has been tolerated in hi. functions, shall he considered as if he had been formally confirtred by the State, and shall have the same force, which is hereby made known and recommended to the attention of all. " Given at our Assembly of the Senate, Hamburg, the 20th January, 1834." DISASTROUS EFFECTS of the HIGH TIDE. Yesterday morning the waters n' the river Thames rose to a most unusual height, and in many places overflowed the hanks, and committed very great damage. About four o'clock the inhabitants of the lower parts of Wapping, Shadwell, Limehouse, Blackwall, and Rotherhithe, were alarmed by the rushing of the waters into their cellars. The tide continued rising until nearly five o'clock, at which time the lower premises of the houses in the above parishes, and the lower parts of the following places,— Lambeth, Bankside, Blackfriars, Vauxhall, the lower part of the Strand, Stangate, Blackwall, and Deptford, were under water, and moveable goods and furniture of every description were floating about. The quantity of perishable articles spoil ad by the inundation must be very great. The granary keepers on the bank of the Thames are great sufferers by the inundation. On the receding of the tide laree quantities of corn were carried away from the ground floors, and many thousand quarters of grain have been damaged and spoiled. The water rushed into Douglas's granary in High-street, Wapping, the lower floor of which was filled with 200 sacks of flour, and several hundred quarters of wheat. Every precaution had been taken to prevent the admission of the water, but unfortunately it carried every thing before it, and on the waters receding it was found that 200 quarters of grain had been damaged, and the sacks of flour bad been immersed in the flood to the depth of eighteen inches, and converted a great portion of the flour into a paste The cellars, bar, parlours, and tap-rooms of the Town of Ramsgate and Waterman's Arms' public-houses, in, the same street, were filled with water, which in the latter house, reached as high as the settles in the parlour. The damage done to the property of the two publicans is considerable ; several ale and beer bar rels were broached by the violence of the inunda tion. For nearly an hour Wapping-street, from Exe cution Dock to the Waterman's Arms, a distance of a quarter of mile, was under water, and watermen were employed to take the inhabitants and passengers to and fro in boats. The same appearance presented itself io Shad well. In several houses in Black wall where the kitchens were occupied as sleeping apartments, very narrow escapes of the loss of human life occurred, the inmates being awoke by finding themselves immersed in water, which had reached above their bedsteads. Some watermen heard the screams of a family living in a small tenement near the Orchard House, Blackwell, and they rowed their boat close to the window, in which they found an old couple and their daughter standing on their bed which was covered with water. By means of a plank they were enabled to reach the boat, and it was fortunate they did so, for in less than a minute after wards the hovel and every thing in it was carried away by the force of the tide. Se veral walls which had been erected to keep out the water were in many places thrown dawn. The water flowed up the sewers wi'h such tremendous violence, that numbers of drains were buret open. The Temple gardens were also partially overflowed. The tide rose so high on the Tower-wharf that the water obtained admission into the interior part of the fortress, and overflowed the cellars filled with Government stores. It is feared that a number of poor families will be totally ruined by this unexpected inunda tion. The streets near the river presented a very animated scene during the day, from the number of persons pump ing the water out of their cellars; but they had scarcely finished the task of emptying them at considerable labour and expense, when the tide of yesterday evening again rose to ne irly the same height as that in the morning, and compelled them to perform the same work over again. A gr- at many tradesmen and householders had scarcely rep tired the initiries caused by the extraordinary high title of the 2 , 1 of Novemrter, which was erroneously said to prognosticate a severe witrer, than that of y s•erday visited them, and was much more disastrous in its ff as. On Monday afternoon the river ovcifl,wed its banks, but not to a great extent. The high tide of yesterday has been caused by the sudden ch rnge of the wino from the south-west to the north-east, and the additi of the land war, rs occasioned by the heavy and long. continued rains. THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) HAY MARKETS.— At per Load of 36 Trusses.) CUMBERLAND. A moderate supply, and a dull trade; prices as last quoted. Coarbe heavy I,wiazi Meadow Hay .t 3 10 w 43 15 Slew , teadow Hay it 0 0 0 Useful Old 1 duo 4 0 4 4 F.ne Upland Meadow and Rye-grass Hay 4 6 4 10 Cover lla ,, Oat Straw £1 Bto.E 1 101 W heat .A.law... 1 10 1 13 SMITHFIELD. Supply limited, trade dull, and prices stationary. Cearse heavy Luwlauu Meadow Hay £3 0 to £3 5 New Meadow Hay 0 0 0 0 Useful Old Ditto 3 5 3 15 F,ne Upland Meadow and nye-grass Hay 4 0 4 4 Cover Hay (extra fine)...£s 0 ..Generally Oat Straw ....El 6to ..£1 101 Wheat Straw 1 10 1 13 HAMBURG MARKETS. BORSEN HALLE, JAN. 24.-1-Im-pt-rwsr Two, P.M...-. Scarcely any supplies of Wheat have reached us of late by water, the consequence of which has been some improve ment of the market. Rye continues firm, owing to a short supply. Barley Faleab Ie at the quotations. Oats, if of prime qu ility, are firm. Rapeseed firm. . . From the 7th to the 12th six cargoes of Corn passed through the Sound ; of these, five were bound for British ports, and one for Norway. . . Rix-dollars. Wheat, Anhalt, white -- red 84 to 94 - Marks B5 to 90 - Mecklenburg - Holstein - Lower Elbe 64 to 75 Rye, Upland CO hb ckl -- Meenurg 60 to 62 Holstein - 58 to 110 Barley, Anhalt 5O to 52 Mecklenburgh 36 to 39 Lower Elbe 32 to 39 Oats, Mecklenburg 3O to 33 Lower Elbe 32 to 39 Malt, Pomeranian 36 to 38 Pease, Upland, yellow Beans 4O to 50 Tares 55 to 64 Rapeseed 145 to 152 Ditto Cakes ... €s to 67 Linseed ditto 9O to 115 The following table shows the quantity of Grain im ported and exported during the week : Lasts Imported. Lasts Exported. Wheat Rye 7B Barley Oats 35 Malt 5 • Pease Beans 2 FUNDs.—Prices have been somewhat lower to-day, and the market heavy. Discount 2% per Cent. End of January. Anglo-Danish Loan, three per cent. (19% Anglo-Russian Russian Inscription, 5 per cent, 1820 92 Ditto, ditto, 1831 91% Ditto, ditto, 183° Certificates 92% Polish Bonds 125 Prussian Bonds 1832 ... 105!,( Austrian Bank ' Shares 1219 Ditto Metalliques 9 5 3g Ditto 4 per Cent...... Bsf,, Spanish 3 per Cents. Ditto 4 per Cent 42% Dutch * 2 per Cents. Ditto 5 per Cents 92 —Hamburg Reporter. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, JAN.2B. Holders having manifested an indisposition to sell, the business transacted to-day amounts to only 2,500 bags, at the price, of yesterday. THE WOOL TRADE.—There has been con siderable activity in the market for long wool, which has caused prices to advance in a very remarkable manner. A few days ago a large grower in Romney-marsh disposed 0 his whole growth for 231. a pack, conditionally that he should receive any advantage that might take place up to a certain period. The price is now 241., and should the present demand continue, no doubt it will increase to 251., and even 261. In many parts of this county the farmers, elated with the success of the grazing interest, are laying down large tracks of arable land for permanent pasture, in view to turn their attention, now that agriculture is de clining, to that important branch of industry.—Ktostbh Chronicle. kT .7:) \ SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JCURNALS The attention of the th:lirari'Wtailtf, - leed of all honourable ininils has been deeply engaged by the 4:isneeellifigs .he courtmartial on Captain.':'!Watiaeli . ' "of .tfie:: 15th Hussars. This gallant of cep:; tit Waterloo. and has borne an tinlifenaished'And honourable character in the service, as reeordA !)v numberless distinguished witnesses, for (we speak under correction) a period of twenty years. It becomes not us to characterize the treatment which he had received from his present—we h a d almost said his late—Colonel, and which .erminated in the recent prosecution of Ca„ Lain Wathen. Those acts of the Noble Lord will doubtless have received before now their fittin g designation i n th e sentence o f t h e courtmart i a l, Ind we trust their appropriate recompense at his Nlajesty's hands. There is, if we be informed iruly, no one object considered at the Horse- Guards so important in the actual state of the military force, and of public feeling with regard to it, as that the discipline of the army should be upheld in a spirit of confidence and friend ship from commanding officers towards their juniors, and by a system of unvarying steadiness? and kindness on the part of all officers bearing commissions towards the men. The spirit of society will not endure the maintenance of power by the same rude means as formerly, no matter in what department of the State ; and he who disdains or cannot appreciate, the superiority of moral influence over more brutal modes of coercion, is as unfit for the military service of Great Britain at this moment, as lie would be to exercise any the most refined and intellectual calling in the community. The Duke of Wel lington, who, as a warrior, stands now alone, has been as little of that troublesome and cons temptible thing called " a Martinet" as any man who ever led troops into fire. His orders of the day were models of calmness, forbearance, and humanity in their relation both to officers and soldiers. Yet no great Commander was ever more harassed, or had his temper more tried by vexations, arising out of the intractable ma. terials and ill-assorted composition of that force to which his own fame and the interests of Eu rope were intrusted. But to come back to the Isth Hussars. That regiment was some few years ago in beautiful order, and under the guidance of an experienced soldier, Colonel Thackwell, the duties of officer and trooper throughout the corps were discharged with ease, efficiency, and cheerfulness. That state of affairs terminated with the assumption of the command by Lord Brudenell, who, when he jumped into the Lieutenant-Colonel's saddle, might have been, as we hear from public ru mour, in the service during some eight or nine years ! If it be a comfort to our military friends to learn our own surmise as to the issue of this late courtmartial, we will tell them that we take for granted Captain Wathen has had a most honourable acquittal, and that Lord Brudenell has been reprimanded. But an unpleasant ques tion still remains. How came Lord Brudeneil, —an officer of no experience or pretensions comparable. to those of au hundred other gen tlemen who had seen and beaver a foreign enemy,—how came such an unripe gallant as that to be put over the heads of so many worthier candidates, and to be forced into a command for which,. we may now say, he has proved himself so utterly incompetent ? "rhrough whose interest and at whose instigation was it that the King's service suffered so severe a wrong ? We trust such practices will never be repeated,— Times. Oar readers will perceive, that a meeting of the Palatal ants of Matylehone will be held on Mwatia.: next, " to petition Parliament for the itn , n , dia , e and total repeal of the house ar.l: wi , ,dow taxe-." It is scarcely necessary for us to reintnd the public how important it is at this moment, on the eve of the asseiabiing of Par liament, and after what has lately transpired as to the probable line ations of the Governinent with respect to this vital vestion, th at th e y should speak out plainly and boldly to their constituents. The sort of compromise an nounced. in a semi-official form is one that cannot possibly give satisfaction, because the objections to both taxes are so strung in them selves, a:id, withal, so deeply rooted in the public mind, as to render any compromise in admissible. The breach of faith, against which the people claim to be indemnified by the repeal of war taxes in a season of yawl ed peace, will be as gross in principle, though not in amount, while a single fragment of either house or window tax remains, as if the whole of those obnoxious imposts were to be continued at the full assessment. The inequality of the house tax may be more glaringly dis graceful than that of the window tax, but the principle of taxing light and ventilation has its aggravations too, and the pressure is felt so se verely as to leave but little chance that the injustice can ever be forgotten, or even patiently submitted to while it continues in existence. We hope, therefore, indeed we are certain, that this and other similar meetings will continue their remonstrances until Lord Althorp opens his eyes as well as his ears to the universal de mand of the nation. That his Lordship will see his error before long, we cannot doubt. The wonder is that he should not have seen it before. But the meeting to which we allude will be one hint—a broad one, too, we suspect—and it will soon be followed by others, which cannot be mistaken, and which must prevail, if care be taken to observe the strict line of constitutional re monstrance and effort.—Morning Herald. The immense importance of the question of he corn laws at the present time, is a sufficient apology for our returning again and again to the subject. Without further preface, then, we return to the consideration of the article in the Edinburgh Review, No. 118, to which we yesterday alluded. The reviewer, on proposing a countervailing duty of 6s. or 7s. a quarter, poor rates and a drawback on exportation to a similar oh c tfe o o nsiderable thehar have d e v a o r: aeriraeetdesiinlo firs amoun t, a t w h n e y i ilrpe liberalityapb r e a s a t l h o ci fi f t u Et t g i henhegt tooci b a o y n r d n f l a, fi r l a i a o n w y Ta s extent, only another name for wages. Besides, the ownership of land in England is not abso lute. In most of the countries of the East, the rent of land is the property of the State, and the expense of Government is defrayed from it. In England the church and the poor are part owners of the soil. The misfortune is, in the case of the Church, that the;r share, not being determined by net profit, but by gross produce, becomes a tax on consumers under a restric ed trade, and thereby serves to perplex the question. , Vere a tax on rent to be substituted for tithe, the landowners could, strictly speaking, have no claim to a protecting duty on tithes, any more ban on poor rates. Estates are purchas d, Edinburgh s c u h bj u e reh. ct to But tnt we e ha ag rg r e e s e to wit t h he th p e oor, and the