The Sun. — London, England, 1856-09-09 00:00:00

EARLY CLOSING ASSOCIATION. The Fifteenth Autumn Trale Meeting will be held to-morrow (Wednesday) evening at Exeter Hall. The Chair will be occupied by Samuel Morley, Esq., and the pro ee!dings will commence at half-past eight o'clock precisely. Employer 4, Assistants, and ether friends of the cause are respect fully invited to be present. Seats will be reserved for Ladies. Doors will be opened at half-past seven. No tickets required. Offices, 35, Ludgate-bill. JOHN LILWALL, Honorary Secretary. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Coder the Management of Mr. CHARLES SEAN. TIII3 EVENING, MUSIC II kill CHARMS. After whicn, PIZARRO. Rolls, by Mr. C. Kean ; Elvira, by Mrs. C. Koan. To conclude with A PRINCE FOR AN HOUR. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under gin Management of Mr. Bnekstons. TIII3 EVENING, SECOND LOVE. Followed by The Spanish Dancers. After which, TRESENTED AT COURT. To conzlude with THE SPANISH SERJE iNT. ROYAL TIIE A.TRE ADELPIII. Tropristor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. Directress, Madame Celesta. THIS EVENING. IRELAND 13 IT IS. Followed by DOMESTIC ECONOMY. After which Till Mill TUTOR. To conclude with OUR GAL. ROYAL OLYMPIC TIIEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Alfred Wigan. THIS EVENING THE OREEN-EYED MONSTER. After which, MEDIA• To conclude with THE WELSH GIRL, STA IND TIIEATRE. Manager, Mr, T. Payne. THIS EVENING, CH 4.IILES THE TWELFTH. The Pas des Sabots by Mdles. Christine and Agnes, Followed by TWO PRECIOUS SCOUNDRELS. La Jeri hariannon by Mons. Mills and Family. After which, M 1 SC EIIEF MAKING. Alllimos Dance by Mlles. Christims and Agnes. To conclude with THE SLEEPING DRA.ErGIaT. Commence at 7. ?tall;, U.—Boxes, 23.—P1t. lc—Gallery, 6d. AsTLErs ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manner. Mr. Win. Cooke. TIIIS EVENMO, Sixth Week 1 Shakspere's Traxedy of RICHARD THE THIRD ' with unequalled equestrian illustrations. White Surrey killed under hts rider, Royal Richard. Numerous chargers dead on the plain in Use Battle of Bosworth Field, &c. After which, Th• EQUESTRIAN ACTS in the ARENA. To conclude with a Risible Fares. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. !West. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, Jun. EIGa WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TEIIS DAY—Morn. 48 min. aft. 7—Evening 35 min. aft. 8 T )-MOBROw—Morn.2l min. aft. 9—Evening 9 min. aft. 10 THE WEATHER—SUN Onnos, Siermant 9. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHAD& 66—highest sinee noon yesterday. D3—lowest this morning and during the night. 68 —this day at noon. Blactrraß, 2,•98. WIND, S. to S.S.E.—Light with fine weather. STAMPED EDITION OF " THE SUN." The Latest Edition of The Sun, Stamped, in time for Post, may always be had from hail ing 5 till 7 o'clock every evening. Subscribers in the Country will please to observe that the heading " THIRD EDITION" is always to be seen on the papers containing the latest news. If any difficulty be experienced in obtaining that Edition, a communication to The Sun Office will remedy it. Sun Ofice, 112, Strand. Ti) . 0. - 0% • • ..„. ~• LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1856. There is a new aspirant for maritime fame. A great naval power (1) "looming in the future 1" England will speedily be compelled to hide her diminished head. The lag— " . . . that braved a thousand years The battle and the breeze ! " must yield to the Austrian bunting, and the Union Jack give way to the double headed Eaglet Yes, Austria, encouraged by the extraordinary concessions she obtained— we might almost say the servile flunkeyism dis played towards her during the Eastern difficulty, and oblivious of the embarrassed state of her finances, has determined to consolidate her naval forces i❑ the Adriatic, in order to transform that splendid sea, once the scene of Venetian glory, into a German lake. She has taken a leaf from the Muscovite book, and endeavoured to play a similar game in the Adriatic to that attempted by the Autocrat with respect to the Euxino and the Baltic. The recent failure of the Northern Potentate has not discouraged the Red Emperor. He en deavours to succeed by craft rather than by force, just as he contrived to get peaceable possession of the Principilities, the reckless seizure whereof brought on the Russian war, and he manifests considerable cunning in the management of the affair. He has procured the services of a not very distant relative of the House of Coburg, and therefore looks to the co-operation of England al most as a matter of certainty, just as NICIEOLAS dismissed the Austrian element from his calcula tion when deciding on the distribution of the sick man's effects. The way, however, is not altogether so clear as may be anticipated. Despotic Sovereigns seem to think that in securing Court favour they have done all that is needful. lint some allowance should be made for the co-ordinate branches of the Legislature, with whom the fact that " Eng land has neither brothers nor cousins" has be- come an axiom. They have, unquestionably, exhibited, in too many respects, a toadying servility ; but there is still a foundation of British spirit that may eventually over turn the best-concocted schemes ; and n o English Minister could consent , under existing circumstances, to the cession of such ports as those of Slek and Sutarina by the Turkish to the Aus trian Government. We may, however, see what even the suspicion of Germanism has brought on the country. We all know the proverb respecting C-11SAR'S wife ; it may well be extended to the husbands of Queens regnant. Many attompts are made, relying on the underhand influence said to be in operation, which would never be ventured on under other and lees favourable circumstances, but for the Coburg Alliance—and, we may add, the wanton surrender of those unquestionable principles of international law, that in the olden time insured the maritime supremacy of what was then Great Britain. But now—nous changeons tout cola—we have abandoned the positions which NELSON bled to maintain ; we are engaged in bandying cour t es i e s with Imperial, and Regal, aye, and Grand Ducal Despots. We are ashamed of the homely simplicity of our old maxims, and are ap parently striving to reduce the United Kingdom to a third-rate Power. The People, however, will hare at last to speak out, and _to neutralise the baneful efforts of those who offer injudicious ad vice to their beloved SOVEREIGN. A coastitutianal opportunity must ere long be afforded. A general Election must take place, when the battle of the Constitution will be fought at the hustings. As, in the United States, the rival principles of Freedom and Slavery are at issue, so, in this country, will the questions of Anglicanism and Germanism be brought into conflict, and should the present system be persevered in much longer, no compromise can be effected. It will be a battle cL l'outrance between the parties. are not manifesto .d on the side of Liberal ism, and each suci seeding Parliamentary session testifies to a desire in sorue quarters to approxi mate,d however slow ly and distantly, t o th e conti nental model. TllO scandalous preference shown to the German J 2 igers in our service ought not to be forgotten, n.or the repeated visits of the Brummagem of U .SSES of Bel g i um . I n conclusion, the moral th L e Y , whole aff a i r o ff ers the best coun coun- sel that can be advanced. Despotism and Con stitutionalism are antagonistic, and if it is not safe for the dept to be neighboured by freemen, freemen should. be on the watch against the de sg lesPot.. More—if de s p o ti sm must have in aofp:ollQ f paf;anda,, Constitutionalism need not be blamed if it establishes a propaganda too ! It is a favourite argument with septuagenarian politicians whenever their own views are for the time being overruled that the days of the Consti tution are numbered. The decadence of the national power is fearlessly predicted, inasmuch as they are well aware that they cannot under any circumstances be taunted with the failure of their gloomy vaticinatious. Should they even survive to witness the result, the respect due to grey, or, rather, white locks, would prevent any personal application. General Cass, who is now rapidly approaching the completion of his fif teenth hutrum, has acted on this principle. As a true descendant of NESTOR, he has indulged in :A heap of prosaic twaddle on the difference between the Senate and the House of Representatives at Washington, but, wanting the wisdom of his pro totype, he has not called for any concession on the part of his associates. On the contrary, with youthful recklessness, he has counselled war to the knife, and predicted even the " dissolution of the Union " should the Northerns not yield at once to the will of the Southern slaveowners— even that Mr. Gas is prepared to brave rather than to yield a single inch of the position assumed by itis friends. He is not even satisfied with maintaining the status que, but wishes to have the brief period that remains for Mr. PIERCE'S occu pancy of the White House distinguished by a coup d'etat in favour of the thorough-going slave owning Yankees of the South. But which party to the contest could got on. beat without the other, and which would trium - pli in the long run, North or South. All former ex perience is in favour of the hardy Northerns, even if entering on the contest on equal terms. But would this be the case T Why, the South could scarcely hold its own without Northern aid, if left to its own reckless devices. The old Poet tells us, " Iris ooncili' expers mole ruri,t stut ;'' and. the principle holds good to the present hour. The machine would fall by its own weight, al though independent of external force and aggres sion. What is the Southern Power, to terrify the Free.- goners? There are some 300,000 slave-owners, with 1,000,000 slaves—au majority of ten to one i n favour of the " coloured" population, who, the moment the matter was left to themselves, would not fail to discover and make full use of the golden opportunity. There night be a black Republic or a sable Empire, but a white one would not long exist without help from the North. On the other side there are 25,000,000 of fr ee men exempted from that terrible stain that must paralyse the arms of those who seek to hold their fellow-men in captivity. Supposing that the slaves were even to remain neutral in such a contest there would be a majority of at least fifty to one in favour of the North. What then could the Southerns do ? Let the true conditions of the conflict predicted, and we may add pro voked, by Mr. Ciss . be only considered, and it will be seen that those who are so insolently threatened have nothing to fear, while the bullying party have everything to dread from the collision. Let the North become con scious of its true power, and the South will not attempt a domination only practicable over a de based and fallen race. The announcement contained in a despatch which will be found in our foreign news, to the effect that the Emperor of the FRENCH has sent General O'DONNELL the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, will be regarded by our readers as ♦ery significant. When the particulars of the coup d'etat in Madrid reached this country the more far seeing turned with instinctive suspicion towards France to ascertain how the feat of Marshal O'DONNELL was regarded by the Emperor, and that suspicion was certainly not dissipated by tke news that an army of observation was on tho way to the Spanish frontier. Other circumstances contri buted to the uneasy feeling to which so flagrant au attack on constitutional principles had given rise. To these it is not necessary to refer ; but it was not unfairly urged by those who knew something of the p)licy of the ruler of France, that, daring and unscrupu lous as the Spanish Marshal might be, it was nevertheless improbable he would have so far c)ramitted himself had he not been assured of the sympathy, if not of the active support, of the French Government. Subsequently the presence of the Spanish Ambassador as a cherished guest at the Imperial retreat left but little doubt as to the part taken by NAPOLEON in the infamous transaction ; and now that all doubt on this head, is removed, we may justly recognise in Louis NAPOLEON the chief assassin of Spanish liberty. Viscount P z‘ltf , orston, accompanied by her ladyshi p, arrived at th (i Vi ctor i a H otel, St. Leonard's•on-Sea, on Thursday nig went slit, from town, in order to en j o y th e retire uiet marine retreat. Hi s l or d s hi p will remain b q ,re about a month f or th e b ene fi t of his health, which ha s of l a t e b een s li g h tly affected by the death of of th t f his hrot t aer, Sir Wm. Temple. His is xcellency Senor Don Joaquim Francisco Pacheco, the ',lowly-appointed ambassador from Spain to this court, has arrived at Chapman's Hotel, 4, Cavendish. square. The 328,0001. of gold brought by the Kent was deli. vered in London yesterday, but the whole is to be de. ',patched to Paris. CLARA N'OVELLO.—The New fork Musical Retina says Mada , .ne Clara Novello will probably visit America in autumn. Miss Catherine Hayes has arrived in Paris to enjoy a season of repose after her unprecedentedly long journey ings in the Antipodes, the two Americas, and the East Indies. Mr. Henry Cook, late secretary to Captain Barlow, of the South-Eastern Railway, has been appointed joint secretary to the Whitelaaven Junction Railway, and of the Whitehaven and 7, - furness Junction Railway. The Smyrna Rail',eay has been conceded to Mr. Wil kins, the represen'cative of an E ng li s h company. The concession is for 50 years, with the permission to work the coal Mine a. .on the line. The cliPPrAsohip Lady Hodgkinson, from Shanghae, is announced off Plymouth with a very valuable cargo off silk arid tea—the former, 3,335 bales, is probably the largest and most valuable shipment yet brought in ono vessel, it alone being worth nearly 400,000/. L&RSEILLES, Sept. 7.—The English steamer Carodoc, Capt. Clavering, arrived this morning from Malta, whence she sailed on the 4th inst. She drought the Constantinople mails of the 28th ult. ; 'which the French mail steam packet Thabor was ':inable to carry further than Malta, where she remai E to repair her machi ner y. Tn NEW CANON OF Cur ORCESTER.—On Tuesday last the Rev. Gilbert F rankland Lewis was installed as Canon of WorceetAr Cathedral. Th e usua l oa th s were administered to the rev. gentleman by the Very Rev. the Dean, in 4. .. tie Chapter-house, aft er w hi c h h e too k hi s seat in one of the prebendal stalls during the afternoon service. The new canon was to " read himself in" on Sundal,e.—Birntingltant Gazette. rne remains of Dr. Buckland, the late dean of West rr..inster, have been deposited in a most characteristic resting place in the solid rock below Islip, The sock was blasted and the body was interred in the cavity, lined with Portland cement to keep out the water. Dean Attenbury desired to be buried in Westminster Abbey, as far from the kings as possible. Dean Buckland is buried far enough from them. His Grace the Duke of Buckingham, who has led a retired life for many years past, owing to the difficulties in wkioh he became plunged and the consequent sale of his estates, has intimated his intention of appearing in public again on Tuesday the 30th inst., on which occa sion his grace will preside at the annual dinner of the Royal Bucks Agricultural Association, which will take place at Buckingham. WEST HARTLEPOOL CEMETERY. TO THE EDITOR or THE SUN. Sut,—My attention has been called to a paragraph, headed " Where's the Bishop?" which appeared in The Sun on Saturday last, and which, while professing to give a true account of certain occurrences at the West Hartlepool Cemetery on Sunday se'nnight, is at once so garbled, so one-sided, and in many partioulars so wil fully untrue, that I shall rely upon your sense of justice for the insertion of an accurate statement of what really did take place on the occasion referred to. The narra tive which I now subjoin was drawn up by Mr. Ralph Jackson, as chairman of the 'West Hartlepool Improve ment Commissioners, and its literal truthfulness being guaranteed by the observation of several of the other members of the Commission who were present, it was ordered to be entered on the books as the official minute of the proceeding : DYCE SOMBRE 'e WILL.—In a return ordered by the House of Lords, respecting the law expenses of the East India Company in England, there is an item of 4,2491. 6s. ld. expended on the will of Dyce Sombre, and another of 7,0001. advanced to the executors for law expenses in support of the will, to be repaid, subject to taxation, out of the estate. The fees to counsel by the company in the last few years have amounted to a very large sum. FATAL ACCIDENT.—On Monday morning last a fatal accident occurred at one of the Sheffield Coal Company's pits at Birley Vale. Zt appeais that a man of the name of Hugh Bach was at the mouth of the pit, letting down some iron pipes for the watercourse, and by accident the rope broke, and Bach was precipitated to the bottom. The pipe struck a man named David Midgley, who was stationed at the bottom, and knocked him into some water, where he was in all probability suffocated. Baoh was got out as speedily as possible, but he lies in a very precarious state.--She, eld Pre. Press. THE DUBLIN AND WICKLOW RAILWAY COMPANY.-- Mr. Dargan entertained the directors and several of the shareholders in this company at Bray, on Saturday. After the cloth was removed, Mr. Dargan proposed " Prosperity to the Dublin and Wicklow Railway," and in the course of some observations spoke in the most earnest manner of the prospects of success which awaited the enterprise after having overcome all its difficulties. The receipt of 15001. per week would en• able the directors to pay all working expenses, wear and tear, salaries of officers and servants, interest upon loans, and the rent to the Dublin aad KingstOwn Rail- way. Every 1001. received over and above that sum would give 1 per cent. to each of their shareholders. Great applause (says ktundes's News) followed this plain and gratifying statement. VANXIZALL GARDENS.—This old and well-known place of public amusement, in which many generations have spent many pleasant hours, was opened last night for a few evenings previously to its final close, which will take place at the end of the month, as the copybold of the Royal property has been purchased by a gentleman who is understood to be in no way connected with the amusements for which tl is place has been for more than 200 years celebrated. The entertainments of last night were fully equal to anything that has ever been provided for the public. The ascent of Mr. Green's Great Nassau Balloon, at a quarter before 7 o'clock was the commence ment of the sights of the evening. The ascent was mag nificent. The usual entertainments, consisting of horse manship in the Rotunda, in which the performance of the equestrians was of the first class of excellence, were followed by a brilliant display of fireworks. Several thousand persons were assembled, and the festivities of the evening were protracted till a late hour. THE MINISTERIAL NON RECIPROCITY SYSTEIL —I have no more interest in the architectural profession tha❑ with the profits of any other class of her Majesty's subjects ; but until her Majesty's Ministers are selected by compe tition from the best qualified of all other nations, I must protest against foreign competitioa in designs or erection of national buildings ; and I trust the British architects will act upon their rights as British subjects. I need scarcely add that the existing non-reciprocity system connected with our commercial economy should be promptly corrected, or John Bull will not have an ounce of gold or silver left in his money chest.— Correspondent of the Builder. BATH BRlOKS.—Bridgewater is situated on the river Parrot, about six miles from its mouth. It is an ancient town, though most of the evidences have been removed, and is peculiar as the only place in the kingdom where the well known bricks for scouring purposes, known as Bath bricks, are made. Why they have ,this name is not known. It would seem that a mixture of sand from the sea with the alluvial deposit of the river, is here formed naturally, to the extent of about half a mile above the town bridge, and half a mile below it. The works are situated on the banks of the river, so that the sediment is taken at once to them, and being dried and formed into shape, is then burnt in kilns hard by. The manufac ture employs from 4,000 to 5,010 hands.—The Builder. RAPID INCREASE OF THE GOLD DIGGINGS.—The gold diggings are progressing most triumphantly. During the two weeks the gold returns were by escort 37,661 oz. and 47,757 oz. A lump of pure gold, weighin g 614 3 dwts., bad been found in the Back Creek, Tarradale. Quartz crushing was rapidly progressing. The ship ments of gold from the 24th May to the 9th June were, to England, 173,346 ozs. (including the Royal Charter); to Calcutta, 14,701 oze. ; to Sydney, 2,557 cis.—Aus tralian and Non Zealand Gazette. Memorandum of Occurrence at the West Hartlepool Cemetery, on Sunday, the 31kt of August, 1856. About 3 30 p.m. my son and I left my room at West Hartlepool to walk to the cemetery. On our approach ing it we saw Mr. Burges and another person (whom I did not know) walking quickly to it from another direc tion. Seeing us they hurried forward at a much quicker pace, almost running, to get before us. Mr. Burges, on arriving at the cemetery, it being then more than 20 minutes before the regulated time for funerals, entered the room in the lodge, and before I reached it (which was not half a minute after him) he had slipped on the Town Commissioners' surplice and hood, and was com ing out of the door. I there met him, and at once closed the door ; and, without touching him, stood with my back against it, folding my arms across my chest. I immediately handed to him the following notice, which he at first refused to read : " The Rev. John Hart Burges. " The West Hartlepool Town Commissioners having understood that, notwithstanding their order to you, it is your intention to interfere to-day with the Rev. Mr. Ridley in his performance of the burial service in their cemetery on a funeral proceeding from his parish, have attended here on this occasion for the purpose of calmly remonstrating against your conduct, and of entreating you not to provoke the very painful feelings which must arise from your refusal to recognise their duty to take care that no indecency shall occur at the grave side in their cemetery. If you believe the Commissioners are acting in contravention of any rights you may consider belong to you, they beg to assure you that they are pre pared to unite with you in having the question decided in a court of law in the most expeditious and reasonable manner, and for that purpose request you will furnish them with the name of your professional adviser, in order to the adoption mutually of the proper proceedings. " RA. WARD JACISON, Chairman. "West Hartlepool Cemetery, 31st Aug., 1856." I stated to Mr. Burges that the Commi-sioners (a depu tation of whom were attending at the time) bad presented themselves at their cemetery, for the purpose of preserv ing peace and decorum, and to entreat him to avoid a scene, and to abstain from interfering with Mr. Ridley, who, as vicar of the parish, the Commissioners considered, under all the present circumstances, to be the proper per son to perform the burial services in the cemetery. It was evident Mr. Burgeshaii previously arranged with the man whose child was to be buried to be at the cemetery before the usual hour, 4 o'clock. On my closing the door, Mr. Burges became extremely excited in the room, in which, besides myself, were several persons. He called out, when in the middle of the room and no one near him, "Murder" twice—walked backwards and forwards hurriedly—first to one window facing the east, then to another looking to the west—nearly breaking the panes with the hard raps he gave them, and calling out to the people to come and rescue him. In fact, he worked himself up into a totally unfit state to perform any such solemn and religious ceremony as he was contemplating. I repeatedly re quested him to take off the Commissioners' surplice and hood, and told him he should leave the room the moment he did so. He as often refused, and I repeated to him that, on Mr. Ridley's arrival at the proper time, the question as to who would perform Ws ceremon) ps2ight be arranged between them ; and that if he (Mr. Burger) declined any arrangement, I should not allow him to go out of the room, in order to prevent him from causing a scene and confusion at the grave. He said that " Mr. Blanshord would set all these matters right." On Mr. Ridley's arrival (5 minutes before 4 o'clock) he came into the room, and pat on the other Commissioners' surplice and hood, and then went out with the sexton to perform the ceremony. Mr. Ridley proceeded into the chapel, and commenced reading the service. It was evident a preconcerted arrangement had been made by Mr. Bar ges; for the father of the child to be interred rushed into the chapel, where the coffin was, and violently laid hold of it ; and, though remonstrated with by the actual attendants of the funeral, he insisted upon taking the coffin away. The man appeared considerably the worse for liquor. Before he had proceeded five yards from the chapel door, and when surrounded by the attendants of the funeral, who were endeavouring to persuade him to allow the ceremony to proceed, I went up to him, and asked him if it had been agreed between Mr. Burges and him that Mr. Burges should bury his child. The man said it had been. I immediately exclai ned, "Under these circumstances, then, Mr. Burges shall perform the ceremony." I instantly returned into the chapel and told Mr. Ridley of this. He at once came out, and audibly addressed the man and the people—for a crowd bad been got together—to the effect that, as he wished Mr. Burges to perform the ceremony, he (Hr. Ridley) would most readily allow him in this instance to do so. Mr. Ridley accordingly requested Mr. Barges, who was in the crowd, to take the funeral. Mr. Ridley, my son, and I then left the cemetery. RA. WARD JACKSON. I would merely observe upon the above that the ac count which was printed in The San on Saturday had been previously forwarded by Mr. I3urges himself to the different local papers in this district, a circumstance which to the minds of all people hereabouts sufficiently accounts for the extraordinary exaggeration and disre gard of truth by which that statement is disfigured.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, AN OBSERVER. West Hartlepool, Sept. 8, 1:56. SMELTING ORE. Having attained his own present position by means of a coup cretat, it is quite possible he may entertain a penchant for this sort of business, and having nothing to seize by fraud and violence at home, must, per force look for its indulgence abroad. But there, is a broader view of the matter, which carries vastly more weight. Such interference is a necessity of his position if ho is determined to keep France in bondage—and from what is known of his unscrupulous character, it is quite certain he will let no opportunity slip, and hesitate at no act likely to be attended with success to fortify his position. Constitutional government in Spain, alongside of absolutism in France, presented an anomaly which it was not good for Frenchmen to ponder over. So, like the sagacious despot he is, his diplomatists and secret agents were set to work—Spanish tools were easily found, and the upshot was the catastrophe to which we have ad verted, and which every freeman iu Europe must deplore. Englishmen are more interested in this affair than we are afraid is generally imagined. Bel gium menaced and coerced, and Spain prostrated by the same agency, ought to convey a warning to us. Thank IiEATEN we are sufficiently strong to hurl back, in contemptnous defiance, any threats against us, and to oppose an impregnable open attempt at interference. shield against every There is, nevertheless, a danger against which we will do well to guard. We have a weak side, and that side is German. The Emperor knows it, and, hating as he must do our constitu tional Government, and aware of the im possibility of subverting it by a dext erous ~: 0112, d e ma i n , he is likely enough to have recourse to the only means open to him, if we have no O'DONNELL, or offer no prospect of suc cess to one, we have German cousins to be cajoled with insidious counsel, if not coerced by indirect menace. Already the tendencies iu high quarters Ties PROGRESS OF VICTORIA.—The first point which deserves notice in connection with Victoria is the rapid growth of the population. It started on its existence as a nation with 69,000 inhabitants ; at the close of last year it numbered a population of 319,000, having in creased fivefold during this short period. The ordinary revenue of the infant community, or that portion of its income derived from taxation, has risen from 124,0001. in 1850 to 1,809,0001. in 1855 ; whilst its territorial revenue, or that derived from the lands of the colony, has increased from 136,000/. to 848,0001. during the same perioi. The imports during this time have been enhanced to a degree wholly unprecedented in the his. tory of nations or communities. From the small sum of 744,0001. in 1850, the value of the goodly imported into the colony rose to the sum of 11,508,000/. during the last year, it having reached in the former year to the enormous amount of 17,775,0001. The imports of that year, as well, however, as of the pre ceding one, were affected by an exceptional state of affairs ; undue speculation and a monetary crisis super vened, the effects of which have, however, now almost completely passed away, and the 11 millions of imports may be considered as representing the legitimate trade of the colony. The exports during the period under re view have risen from 1,041,0001. to 13,469,0001., showing a very considerable increase on the year 1854, the export trade nut having been affected like the im• ports by excessive speculation at home. To enable the colony to carry on so extended a commerce, banking ac• commodation and the specie in circulation have largely increased in amount. In 1850 there were but two banks ; there are now eight. The deposits with the banks have increased from 823,000/. to 4,869,0001., the circulation of notes from 180,0001. to 2,014,0001., and the coin in the banks has risen in amount from 310,0001. to 2,737,0001. The valuation of property in the city of Melbourne has risen from 123,0001. to the large sum of 1,077,000/. during this brief period of six years. So far as the commercial prospects of the colony for the present year are concerned, they are in every respect full of encouragement. Last year there existed a defici. ency of 400,0001. in the revenue, which the Colonial Government were compelled to meet by advances from the local banks. This amount has been almost com pletely liquidated, and on the assembling of the new Legislature, the Government will have at its credit a surplus equal to twice the amount of its deficiency in 1855.—Australian and Nco Zealand Gazette. THE SUN: LONDON, TUESo4Y EVENING, S' :P EMBER 9, TO THE EDITOR OP TIE 81711. SIR, —At the Exhibition of 1851 I exhibited a method of smelting metals upon the following plan :—The iron to be melted in a blast furnace, the same as is done at the present time, with the fluves, &c., and when ready to be poured into pigs treated in the manner as follow ing :—At a convenient place I make an aperture in the furnace, which is connected with a tube with a chamber containing heated charcoal, this again is connected with a gas blow pipe, supplied by a gasometer at a certain distance ; when the metal is ready to be poured, I set my gas blowpipe to work, the most intense heat is ge nerated, the iron boils and is much agitated, the impuri ties are driven off, and the metal comes forth in a mal leable state. This plan was suhmittted to Government in 1851, but received no encouragement, since which I have done nothing further in it. I do not wish in any way to detract from Mr. Bessemer's great invention, hut have ❑o doubt that the Government in rejecting his application without going into detail, imagines it was upon the same principle as mine. Apologising for intruding upon your valuable space, I have the honour to be, &o , W. HARNELT. 12, Panton-square, Coventry street, Sept. 8. LAMENTATIONS IN LAMMAS (1856). "Russia evidently intends to set aside the Treaty of Paris, arid the condition of Italy is very clisquieting."— Daily Papers. Comito my arm's, and together let's weep, Sweet PoUptician! our Peace is betray'd ; Willing to settle or slumber in sleep, Europe can't lie on the bed she has made. Like the troublesome fly of these dog-day hours Russia will sting : how comes it to pass ? Lapped on a bed of such flattery and flowers, Who could imagine "a snake in the grass I "*• But, restless Europe, of rising beware ; Or, if into war disappointed you burst, Warned by the past, of the future take caro ; Don't get out of bed with your wrong leg first. * The Serpents Islands. SCREWED BOOTS.—IIi-Lo-Tseboo, the Chinese, was boots at the Pigtail Hotel in Quang•ping, chalked the soles for travellers on the road to Tartary, and commonly passed for a steady boots ; but, sometimes of an evening, something, stronger than Soucbong or P-koe, would cause him to swerve from the chalked line of rectitude, and people would say, " Why, Hi-Lo, you are screwed this evening." "Nay," would say Hi•Lo, "I am not screwed, but my boots are." Thus did Hi-Lo-Tschoo account for his not walking so straight as he might. ENORMOUS Farlow, of Crooked-lane, London-bridge, while fishing for trout in the river Da rent, near Sevenoaks, caught a huge pike, which, when landed, was found to weigh 291 b. lloz. This circum stance is the more remarkable as the Parent has been generally supposed to contain few fish of this species. Mr. Fail )w was accompanied by Messrs. Rigley and Gregory, whose bags of trout amounted respectively to ifrilb. and 821 b. ENCOUNTER WITH A Bum, —An encounter with a ferocious bull occurred on Friday last. Mr. Webster, of Bank-hall, Chapel-en-le-Frith, was driving a bull down a field. The bull began to show signs of ferocity, of which Mr. Webster, a stout, athletic young man, did not take much notice. At last the infuriated animal ran madly at him, and, on his retiring backwards, pinned him against the wall, and began to gore and butt bim i❑ the most frightful and savage manner. The servant man ran to his assistance, but their united efforts were for a time unavailing to drive him off. When further assis- tance had arrived and the ferocious animal was driven away, Mr. Webster was found to have sustained most serious injury. One eye was completely gored out, the back part of his head was dreadfully mangled, and he was otherwise sadly mutilated, and had lost an immense quantity of blood. He was conveyed home, and his medical attendant instantly summoned. His life was for a time despaired of, and he now lies in a very dan• gerous state. LATEST NEWS. RESTORATION OP KARS. MARSEILLES, SEPT. 8. By intelligence from Constantinople, it appears that the province of Kars was evacuated on the 9th ultimo by the Russians, who retired upon Alexandropol. SIGNIFICANT SYMPTOMS. MADRID, SErr. 5. The Gazette publishes a royal decree which re lieves several military chiefs, in certain provinces, from the control of the civil command. General O'Donnell has received, from his Ma jesty the Emperor of the French, the Grand Cor don of the Legion of Honour. The insignia were placed in a box covered with sky blue velvet ornamented with golden bees, and with the ini tials of the Emperor. A letter from Vienna of the 3d, in the Augs burg Gaxette, says :—" Our Government, particu larly M. de Bruck and the Archduke Maximilian, are exerting all their efforts in support of the principle that the Adriatic is an Austrian sea, in order to consolidate the domination of the Aus trian navy on those shores. A war between Mon tenegro and Turkey might lead to disagreeable complications, since the Turks would take advan tage of their sea ports of Slek and Sutarina to send troops and ammunition. One of the principal ob jects of the mission of Count de Leiningen in January, 1353, was to obtain the cession of these ports to Austria, or at least the exclusive use of them ; but the war in the East caused the nego tiations to remain a dead letter. It is clear that with her new maritime tendencies it is of great in terest for Austria to obtain this concession, and from that circumstance the struggle between Mon tenegro and Turkey acquires great importance for her." M. Ottenfels, the Austrian charge d'affaires at Paris, has called on the Government to prohibit the subscription which M. Manin had opened in Paris for the proposed 100 guns to arm the for tress of Alessandria. The French Foreign-office communicated to the Austrian charge that the Government of the Emperor had, not waited for this interrogation, but had already taken steps to prevent the subscriptions in question. TURKEY. (Prom the Times' Correspondent.) CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 28. _ _ _ Kars has been evacuated by the Russians. The Turks took possession on the 6th inst. Three of the English officers attached to the British com missary with the Turkish army in Asia, Major Stuart, Major Fraser, and Mr. Evans, were pre sent at the surrender, not in their official capa city, but as spectators. These gentlemen went to Kars before Hussein Pasha and his force, and were received in their quality as visitors with the greatest attention. Colonel Buetoff, the civil commander of the town, ceded them his quarters, and both he and his colleague, Colonel Melc koff, an Armenian, the military commander of the town, vied with each other in civility, and af forded them every opportunity of satisfying their curiosity on every point. Their stay there was celebrated by festivals with streams of champagne and numberless toasts, among them that of General Williams, with a salute from the guns of the cita del. As in the Crimea, the Russian officers seem to have been very communicative on past events, especially about the main subject of interest, their unsuccessful attack upon Kars. They say that Mouravieff was entirely against an attack, and opposed it to the last moment, in spite of the urgent entreaties of several of his officers. But the troops were so dissatisfied at this seem ing want of confidence in their leader, that he was in the end obliged to yield against his own better conviction, and ordered the attack. Ac cording to accounts given by the Russian officers the thing was decided one evening at dinner and executed, which seems rather a contradiction with the circumstance that several days before the at tack took place the Russian heavy baggage was seen going back towards Gumri, an unmistakable evidence that they must have contemplated the attack for some time before they executed it. Neither the failure of the attack nor the heavy losses sustained seem to have, even for an instant, occasioned the idea of a retreat, and General Mou • ravieff, when asked in the evening after defeat what his orders were, is said to have replied, " Draw in your posts and double the patrols." When Kars was evacuated the Russians had 5000 men on the territory, under the command of Gen. Lruhloff. Only a very small part of these troops formed the garrison of the town—the main body was encamped between Kars and Erzeroum, at. the foot of the Soghanli range. When the Turks under Hussein Pasha came to take possession of the town this force retired to the other side of Kars, and encamped about four miles on the road to Gumri. There they still were when the English officers left, so that what we know hitherto positively is only the evacuation of the town, not of the territory of Bars. The town was given over with the usual ceremo nies. The account which I gave you in my last about the destruction of a part of the citadel walls proves to be correct. The destruction is, however, only partial, orders having been received to stop it. It was likewise by orders from St. Petersburg that the work of destruction was commenced. The accounts of the state of the country are very sad. Not a Turkish house is standing on the whole territory which had been occupied by the Russians. Most of the Mussulman inhabitants fled voluntarily at the approach of the Russians, and their houses were pulled down and burned for firewood, and the few crops that had been sown eaten up by Cossack horses. As soon as the Russians began to retire the Turks gradually came back to their desolate house holds ; but it is difficult to see how they will be able to pass the seven or eight winter mouths, and to wait for the next crops without a sub vention of some kind. The Armenian villages have remained unmolested during the Russian occupation. A number of families petitioned the Russian commanders to be allowed to expatriate themselves and to retire into Russia after the with drawal of the Russian forces, but they were told to remain, as they are thought much more useful in the enemy's country, where they bad rendered con siderable services during the war. Russia knew very well what she was doing when she gave back so generously the provinces she had conquered from Persia, keeping only the district about Ararat, with the seat of the Armenian Patriarch, through whom she has the whole large Armenian popula tion both in Persia and Turkey at his disposal. FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY EVENING. The Moniteur de la Flotte announces that a divi sion of gun-boats is about to be placed at the dis posal of the governor of Sone6l. A Paris letter, in the Independance of Brussels, says : " It is said that there is a community of views between France and Prussia on the Neufchatel affair. The latter proposes to abandon any pretensions to the canton of Neufchatel, in return for an indemnity to be fixed by common accord, under the mediation of the great powers of Europe. The Congress of Paris, which is about to re-assemble to settle the points left undecided as to the frontiers of the Danubian principalities, will probably terminate the - Neufchatel affair once for all." BOURSE, Sept. B.—The following were the last quotations : Cub. fr. e. End of Moab. 4i per Cents (xd) ... 91 50 —f. —O. 3 per Cents ... 70 70 70 80 Nov Loan 7O 50 Bank Shares 4,125 Roman Credit Mobilier 1,650 Austrian Belgian Fives Spanish Threes...—. Piedmontese(s) . 92 Home Debt 40j RAILWAYS-108 CASH. fr. c. fr. A. Orleans .....:.. 1,325 Western 923 75 Northern Lyons ~,,...1,325 New Ditto Mediterranean 1,770 Grand Central Lyons Geneva 775 Taste — Cate ,..... 725 Austrian Com, 872 50 NAPLES. A letter from Vienna of the Ist, in the Dresden Gazette, says :—" It is well known that the reply of the Neapolitan government has not satisfied the Western Powers, but that, on the contrary, it has led to fresh and more serious steps. We learn that, in consequence of the Neapolitan note, France and England came to an understanding for a col lective proceeding. They at the same time made a communication on the subject to our government, but it is not known whether or not the latter X 5 6 take part with them. Little is known as to the contents of the new note which the Western Powers have sent to Naples, but it is said to con tain demands which will be certainly considered in that capital as an attack on the sovereignty of the kingdom." Another letter from Vienna states that Count Buol on his return from Gran on the 2d bad a long conference with the Neapolitan ambassador, Prince Petrulla, who sent off a despatch to his government on the same day. PRUSSIA. " We are assured from a good source," says the Bourse Gazette of Berlin, "that it is not Baron de Koller, but Count Linningen Westerburg, who is to replace Count Esterhazy as ambassador of Aus tria at Berlin." A letter from Berlin of the sth says :—" The Prussian Government has lately defended with a good deal of energy at Constantinople the rights of the Bank of Moldavia, on the ground that the Porte has not the power to annul a concession legally and definitively accorded by Prince Ghika. The Prussian Government is in accord on this point with the French Government, which defends with no less energy. the privilege of the navigation of the Sereth and the Pruth accorded by Prince Ghika to a French company. The Moldavian bank was constituted yesterday, and a ministerial coun cillor of Prussia was chosen one of the directors. It is to be supposed that this choice was not made without the consent of the Prussian Government." The Zeit of Berlin of the sth says : " The examination into the affair of the robbery of despatches goes on without interruption, and has at length led to some result. It is said that M. Techen, ex-Lieutenant of Police, will be brought to trial before the Tribunal of Berlin, probably on a charge of high treason. The trial will take place with closed doors, and the proceedings will not be made public." THE HOLSTEIN DUCHIES. The Nuremberg Correspondent contains the fol lowing letter from Frankfort, which refers to the question of the Holstein Duchies : "It is stated on good authority- that the declara tion of Denmark, in reply to the notes of Prussia and Austria, will be handed in in the commence ment of next week to the cabinet of Berlin by Baron de Bulow, and to that of Vienna by Count de Bille Brahe. It is said that this declaration was drawn up at Copenhagen on the 30th ult., and confirms the previous views of Denmark." A Vienna correspondent of the Cologne Gazette, writing on the same subject, says : " Count de Bille-Brahe had, on the day of his arrival here, a lengthened interview with Count Buol. It appears that the latter was not satisfied with the overtures of the Danish envoy relating to the affairs of Holstein. These overtures were of a very general nature, and scarcely touched on the question at issue." TEE NEWWALLACHIAN MINISTRY. A letter from Bucharest, of the 24th ult., gives the following as the composition of the new Walla chian ministry : "Constantin Cantacuzine, President of the Council, without portfolio ; he was Caimacan in 1848, and has held other high posts. Prince Constantin Ghika, Minister of the Interior ; he is the first Boyard of Wallachia ; he, alone, resisted Prince Stirbey in 1853 and 1856 ; he is the son of the late Hospodar Gregory Ghika, and a tried patriot. Constantin Balatchano, Justice ; this Boyard gave proof of great courage and indepen dence during the government of Prince Stirbey ; Charles Crezzulesco, Public Worship ; Prince Constantin Soutzo, Finance ; a man of superior intelligence, who contributed much by his missions to Constantinople, Paris, and London, to en lighten those governments as to the true state of Wallachia and the bad conduct of the last govern ment. He would rank in any country as a dis tinguished statesman. Alexander Dimitresco, Secretary of State. He has filled the same post with honour during the last 15 years. Gregory Theodoro, Controller of Finance. He is a mer chant of the highest character, who has not yet filled any political situation, and is the first ex ample of a merchant becoming a minister without being a Boyard." SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the 4th publish the re port of the Ministers to the Queen, on which the decree for the dissolution of the Cortes was based. This document enters into a good deal of elaborate and not very clear argument to prove that the con stitutional Cortes considerably exceeded the limits of the powers which the, Crown thought fit to con fide to them in calling them together ; and that consequently they are not able to bring to a satisfac tory conclusion the task of modifying and amend ing the permanent constitution of the country. A royal decree suppresses the tax specially im posed in Catalonia for the construction of roads. The Criterio mentions that a report was current that a decree relative to the press was about to appear, and that it would leave the trial of press offences to juries, increase the caution-money, &c. The papers attach a good deal of importance to the sending (already announced) of some Spanish ves sels to the Tagus. ' According to one of them the chiefs of the Progressist party, and amongst them M. Olozaga and M. Gonzales, are to meet in Madrid in the course of the present month to deliberate on the line to be followed by the party. " Sir Hamilton Seymour," says the Cologne Ga zette, " has remitted to Count Buol a note from his Government, which details the reasons that prevent the immediate evacuation of Greece." The Assembly General of the States of Hanover were prorogued on the sth. WEIGHING MACHINE AT THE GENERAL POST-OFFICE. Yesterday, by order of the Board of Works, several men were employed at the General Post office in St. Martin's-le-Grand in digging up the soil to a consi derable depth opposite the superintendent's office, on the north side of the department, for the purpose of fixing a gigantic weighing-machine, upon an entirely new principle. The object of this extensive work is to enable the Post-office authorities to weigh en masse the letters and newspapers sent daily from the office to the provinces, a work ❑ow done in detail, at much cost of time to the duty. When it is borne in mind that not less than 71,000,040 of newspapers per annum—or about 200,090 every day—pass through the Post-office, and that the average weight of each is not less than three ounces, , since the abolition of the stamp duty, and that the number of "book packets," exclusive of newspapers, which new pass through the London office, is at the rate of about 1,400,000 per annumn, being an increase of more than a million, or of 273 per cent, on the number in 1854, and that the ave rage weight of each packet is from 10 oxe. to 4 ozs., it is quite clear that the establishment of the mechanical appliance of a weighing-machine, on a large scale, in such an important department, must prove a great acqui sition, and greatly facilitate the duty at the time when the moments are officially of the greatest possible value. It is expected that the machine will be fixed in about a fortnight, all the castings having been completed under the authority and direction of the architect to the esta blishment. SLAVERY IN EAGLAND. The followinz curious advertisements are re-published in Notes and Queries : "A Black Boy, of about 15 years of age, named John White, ran away from Colonel Kirke the 15th instant ; he has a silver collar about his neck, upon which is the Colonel's Coat of Arms and Cipher; be has upon his throat a great scar, bare in habit. Whosoever brings the aforesaid boy to Colonel Kirke's House near the Privy Garden, will be well rewarded."—London Gazette, March, 1685. "To be sokl a Negro Boy about 14 years old, war ranted free from any distemper, and has bad those fatal to that colour ; has been used two years to all kinds of Household work, and to wait at Table ; his price is 251. and would not be sold but the person he belongs to is leaving off business. Apply to the Bar of the George Coffee house in Chancery-lane, over against the gate." London Advertiser,l7l6. "Matthew Dyer, working goldsmith at the Crown in Duck lane, Orchard-atreet, Westmi nste r , apprentice and successor to Mr. John Redman, corkscrew maker, d ecease d continues the business of his late master , i n making all sorts of gold and silver cork screws, to bacco stoppers, silver padlock for Blacks or do g s, co llars, silver c l as p knives, &c. Where merchants and shopkeepers may Le supplied with anp quantity on the least notice, and the lowest prices. An apartment of the above work kept by him."—lbid. By the decision of the Court of King's Bench in 1772, , the sale of a negro in this country was rendered illegal; and every black, male or female, was free from the me meat of landing on British ground. WEATHER WISDOM.—On the approach of rain, brick floors turn damp, the sea-weed becomes flabby, the swal low flies low, the cat turns her back to the fire, the frogs becomes a du-ky brown, the stars shine with unusual brightness, there is no dew on the grass in the morning, tho peacock screams, many flowers close their petals, &c., and if a storm is at hand, the sea-birds leave the coast and fly inland. Fair weather is prognosticated by reverse of all the above signs, and also by a ruddy sun set, a grey misty morning at sunrise, the prevalence of cobwebs on the hedges, and especially that beautiful and mysterious production of Arachnm, the gossamer, which in one night is seen to cover the recently-reaped wheat fields, as if by enchantment, with a transparent veil. Such are some of the means by which the agriculturist is enabled to make his general arrangements for the s afety of his crops and flocks,—Tatif A/apzine. BANK FAIL URES. As the practice of banking becomes more common the disclosures of the system by which banks are con ducted are every day tending to bring the practice into discredit. Better for the small ,q•adesinan to tie up his earnings in a stocking and hide it in his bed—better for the small lodgi9ghouse-keeper to consign her gains to the broken teapot on the top sheiT of her cupboard, which is the receptacle of her hidden ,`Teasures, than for either to become a depositor in banks ciSseducted on such lax principles, on such a negation of priutsiele, as some that have lately come under our notice, The worst of it is that the mismanagement and feilure of one bank throws a suspicion upon them al Some nee banks have lately been established, and have been doing business so successfully that they have af f orde d a dividend to the shareholders of from 10 to 20 Per cent. We look at the names of the directors a nd begin to take courage, when we unfortunately renewal' ber that, names are, after all, a fallacy—that a sell' gious baronet may be a solemn humbug, and a mil` lionnaire Lord of the TreasUry a bankrupt victim of suicide. The bankruptcy of Strahan, Paul, and Bates was a fearful lesson as well to depositors as to bankers. To the latter it exposed the dangerous quicksand s which lurk beneath too venturesome speculation ; to the former it exposed the flimsiness of the trust to whic h they delivered their all in this world, and probably to many suggested that a joint-stock bank might b° safer than a private one. Scarcely had the public recc . vered from the astonishment created by the discovery of so gigantic a swindle when there came another thunder' clap ; John Sadleir was' found dead on Hampstead' heath, and the Tipperary Bank—a joint-stock, not private company—was obliged to close its doors and con' fess to the robbery of its customers. And now, when we were hoping that by these terr;ble examples comma: cial morality was about to be purified, and commercial prudence about to be established, ve - e discover the folly of expecting directors to be prudent where there is * chance of great gain, or to be moral wh ere there is day ger of immense failure. The Royal British Bank was established some Yea re ago, with sufficiently modest pretensions. It was to hd modelled on the Scotch banks, which have been ecneduc te for the most part so prudently that the instances in which pa"ment has been stopped by any of them have V e tt exceedingly rare. Whether a mode of banking Tillie' • has been eminently successful in provincial towns of Scotland, and even in such cities as Glasgow so i l Edinburgh, is equally applicable to the English metro polis' where it is impossible that the managers of th e bank can have any accurate knowledge of all th e transactions of its customers, we shall not star to inquire • but certainly there was the prestige of iM Scottish success in favour of the new institution. The beetle was professedly started to accommodate the Zr dustrious, deserving tradesuan whose capital lay rather in his sober sense and plodding routine than in his credit or his purse, to assist the publican doing a steady bust" ness in thecorner shop, and the linendraper with his unpry tending window, the grocer who stakes his credit in lorg B . letters on his unrivalled 3s. 6d. mixture and the enterprisil 4 hairdresser who, in honour of his bears' grease, announce* that he has "killed another bear to.day. ' Properly rage aged, such a bank may assist the deserving tradeernso with an infinitesimal capital, and it may yield aWr profit to the shareholders who embark in it. But Who are these shareholders likely to be I The scheme he' evidently great attractions for a certain class—Darnell , for those who have a horror of great speculation s ; and who have faith in the aggregate of slo° l° profits amassed by small tradesmen. There is °,, e immense number of old maids and widows and ileD" pay lieutenants, and farmers and country surgeons, who would open their eyes with terror at the idea of becoming shareholders in an ordinary banke-i° l a bank that would advance money to a wholesale !Der' chant—that would discount the bills of a large lair owner—that would accept the debentures of a railvesi company—that, in short, would transact its business by tens and hundreds of thousands at a single stroke. Bet to . tliefie minds there is something safe in the retail nie r. chant ; he is not a speculator, he is an industriou s ' honest, jogtrot man, content with moderate profits 0 ° a clear conscience, in spite of his adulterations. A banift therefore, is is concluded, which seeks its custornerS among this class must be a peculiarly safe investment, even if the gains should be only moderate ; and, accord; ingly, we find among the list of the shareholders r° the Royal British Bank just that class of person o who were likely to be attracted by such a scheme' Perhaps we are speaking in lamentable ignorance, and, if so, we ask to be pardoned, but we find ll° great commercial names among the shareholder & Whether they be there or not, however, we certainly find without number the names of spinsters, widows , clerks in the Customhouse, messengers, stationers, butlers, artists, policemen, cheesemengers, and we knee not whom else. These were the innocents who sub scribed to the concern ; but, for all their innocence sa d , all their caution, the customers of th e b an k have lie' no more security than if they had confided in an aria' tocratic saint or a speculating sinner. The Bank hats broken in the most disgraceful manner. Whoever is to blame in the matter, and that not very difficult to decide, it is perfectly clear that this bank has given way from a combination of the . causes which led to the bankruptcy of Straban and Paul, and to the failure of the Tipperary Bank. The latter was at the mercy of certain of the directors, wh o drew on it till the bubble burst—drew on it withal , limit—drew on it as none but a person in the position of a director could draw. We are not accurately il 3 ; formed as to the credit which some of the direct or s 0' the Royal British Bank obtained in the books of the company whose affairs they controlled, and we there' fore speak with all due restraint. But it seerei t° be admitted that in some instances this credit was more than was justifiable ; and we only give the system by which a director thus takes advantage of hi° position its proper name when we say that it amount s to embezzlement. A director is appointed to his chai r ' just as a clerk or any other functionary is, for his know' ledge and habits of business, and it is not less improper for him to get an excessive advance of money from the manager than for two clerks to conspire to lend each other cash out of their respective departments. And as here we have an illustration of that ruinous licenc e which caused the downfall of the Tipperary Bank, so in the character of other advances we bli ve i the counterpart of the insanity in shish Pe el and Straban dashed their heads against the wall. They lent money to impossible railways in the south of Europe and to unproductive coal mines as home, and, in order to recover the loans, lent more more, instead of being content with the first loss. " e shall know more of the transactions of the Royal British Bank hereafter, but the same game seems to ha ve been played in its parlour also—money sunk 1 / unprofitable speculation and sought to be redeemed by sinking more, till at last the bank was fair l y engulfed in the Slough of Despond. It was engulfed, and the misery is great just in proP° l " tion.to the modesty of the gains to which the share' holders looked forward. If capitalists had been Or netted with it the ruin might not be so fearful. the depositors, it is not improbable, will ultimately escape , but hideous ruin has fallen on the shareholders, many e whom had intrusted all their savings, the small pittance° of old age, to this bank. ffere is yet another *yarning that neither high•sounding pretensions on the one han d ' nor the most humble schemes on the other, are a protec' tion to the public; and that, be our confidence ever So great, our vigilance ought to be still greater.—Tintes• BARNET AUTUMNAL CATTLE AND HORSE THURSDAY, SEPT. 4.—The above fair opened this m orn' ing, at nine o'clock. The stock was immense, in ever): variety. Such a fair, for Barnet, has not been witnesse d for a long series of years. The Herefords ruled at bigh prices, and went off readily, 131. to 141. being the stand' ing figure. Shorthorns, 121. to 14/. ; Devons, 141. to 151., in a highly approved condition. The mixed breed° moved off at ordinary rates ; 71. to 101. may be rated ea their nominal value. The Scotch side of the fair WA ° most liberally supplied. We have not, for the last 18 years, witnessed so splendid an offering of this class of cattle. The Galloway breeds bore high figures, 15/. fa i r glowing beasts. Aberdeen longhorns, 121. to 1 5 ' . Shorthorns were steay, at fro 141. to 15/., young animals. A better hor d se fair has not been experienced in Barnet for many years past. Thera was great excite' ment in this order of business. Large team horses made as much as 751. ; ditto colts. 401. to 45/. per head ; riding nags, 301. to 47/. each ; and small draught horses from 251. to 36/. ; Welsh ponies were not plentiful, but were in good request. Priers ranged from 7/. to 141. INCREASE OF TUE AUSTRALIAN TRADE.—Examining more closely the character of the import trade of the colony of Victoria, some very curious results are witnessed. The necessaries of life have in creased with most surprising rapidity. The value of the butter and cheese imported in 1850 was but 660/., last year the value was 466,000/.; candlesamounted to but 1,011/. in 1850, in six years the demand had ill' crelsed to 244,000/. Wheat, flour, and bread were not imported in the first year of the existence of the colony, or if at all, to a very limited extent, and they are not en tered in the official returns, hut lastyear the consumption of the colony was equal to 1,550,000/ of these articles. The importation of oats increased in value from 2,579/. in 1850 to 316,000/. last year, and potatoes from 2,170 1 . to 316,000/. in the same period. In articles of luxury the increase in the value of the imports affords a good test of the growing wealth of the country—thus in 1850 car riages to the value of 1,713/. sufficed for the wants of the Victorians, but in 1855 the demand for these articles was supplied by carriages of the value of 69,536/. ; jewellery was imported to the value of but 650/. in the earlier pa' riod, but in the latter the supply was equal to 47,695/, while clocks and watche' increased from 688/. to 21,21 41 —Australian, and New Zealand Gazette. STOKE is remarkable for the number of good stone cot tages of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries which i exhibits, ivid very considerable remains of monastic buildings. The church is a Norman structure, with vile rious insertions, and a south chapel of the Early Deco' rated period, with a range of four lights on each aide. low side window (sometimes called a lychnoscope, and sometimes a yulne window) on each side of the chancel ; a squint, or hagioscope, on each side of the chancel arch and what may le the remains of a stone altar at the en of the chancel, aro amongst the noticeable point.. On the south side of the latter there is a large piscina, with shelf above, placed anglewise. The most interesting fey ture in the edifice, however, is the north door of the church, against which, in more recent times, a porch has been built that obscures the upper part of the orna mented semicircular arch. On the semicircular tymPa• num, above the straight head of the door are v arious rude sculptures, consisting of a tree in the centre, with three large birds amongst the foliage ; on the left, or east side of this, is a representation of the archer of the Zo diac, marked at the side, in Byzantine fashion, rius ; and on the other side an animal inscribed Sagitta- Leo, sad a representation of the Agnus Dei,—The.Thigier• . l~ ~ ~~ ehan; 500 f ing 2 and ] way little Co trade actioi in art is of the I given eontii doin sugar burin chiefl, AC; seilleE of thl Aiddi aentai of the giving coal n good 1 the cc ple, 13 ThE contir Govei financ constz establ pose 2 this su a part the pr aim a and a Allem will, financ their i The ther a article Ind iar No for di: tional probal the fin Will h 5,000, £hi Lon& Tavern tion in compa allege( tireme ridge shard] of the compa Mr. p nomin ject. sig n a direct( Was of all pas At i at the the Et 'an ire/ ness, tions is and tow b Into al are 99 for the buyer Rube 17s. p Londe are 95 the F nomin Ph( Stock, Alexi( 3 per 45i t ditto Cents ditto Alt Mark beav3 West, vious Riga lines Shan genet Lo 3o 3 Dit Rossi Dit Can Dit a An ,rk Di 1)I1 Di Th firml tan 3 per 3 per Np,,v New: Indio Dit Congo E x, Equal arena Dit /Seri( bate Di a co