The Sun. — London, England, 1834-01-28 00:00:00

England is its dependence upon foreigners for the disposal of its manufactured commodities, and the consequent competition to which the produce of its skill and labour is exposed in fo reign markets from foreign rivals. Combination', therefore, to raise wages, or, in other words, the cost of production beyond the limits fixed by foreign competition, would necessarily have the effect, not of permanently raising wages, but of reducing them, by depriving the manufacturer of his foreign customers, and consequently of his power of employing labour. This principle, which we stated and illustrated before as applied to the Derby and the Leeds' Trades' Unions, Colonel Torrens demonstrates in a manner so plain and forcible as no President of Trades' Unions could deny or resist it. We can do no more than recommend this part of the work to all the master manufacturers and members of the Trades' combinations. The scheme of Mr. Fielden and Mr. Owen, which, under the colour of benevolence, would amount to the most dan gerous conspiracy against the industry and pros perity of the country which was ever formed or conceived, is exposed and put down by our author with triumphant success. We have only room for the following passage (which we insert from seeing the impression which the scheme is making in the manufacturing districts), and regret that we could not insert the whole chap ter, as well as that on the frightful operation of the corn laws, in lessening the rewards of industry : " Mr. Fielden, the Member for Oldham, in conjunc t;on with the benevolent mono•maniac Robert Owen, has propounded a plan for the benefit of the working classes, which it may not be improper or unuseful to examine. The plan is, that a universal combination shall be 'ormed for limiting the hours of labour for adults, as well as for chi'dren, to eight hours a-day ; and for securing to the work•people, after the time of labour shall be thus re duced, the same wages which they now receive. "In explaining this plan, Mr. Fielden states, that ' if the change were general, the lesser quantity produced would command as much money as the greater quantity now does ;' and that 'those employed in factories, in making cloth, &c., would only be able to procure three garments, or three other things, after the advance, where they now purchase four.' " Here we have a singular inconsistency—nay, a pal pable contradiction. The operatives are to receive the same wages as at present, while their wages are reduced one-fourth. The benefits they are to derive from the proposed combination amount to this—that when the change becomes general they shall get three garments and three other things where the now get four. " Mr. Fielden states, and states most correctly, that ' our foreign trade resolves itself into barter ;' and that, after the proposed plan shall be carried into effect, ' the manufacturer will give to the foreigner and others the same quantity of his manufactures for the same quart tity of raw materials as he now gives; which quan tity the foreigner will have, or not- continue to trade with him.' Mr. Fielden states these facts, to show that under the change he proposes 'we should not lose our foreign trade.' But the facts, as he has himself stated them, lead to a directly opposite conclusion. It can be proved by the strictest demonstration—nay, it amounts very nearly to a self-evident proposition—that were the circumstances assumed by Mr. Fielden really to occur, the foreign trade of England must be instantly suspended. • • * • • • * " All Mr. Fielden's arguments in support of his plan turn upon the assumption that prices will rise in the pro portion in which production is diminished ; but be has brought forward neither fact nor argument to prove that foreign consumers would consent to purchase Be itish ma nufactures, were 25 per cent. added to their present price. The continent of Europe, and the United States of North America, can now manufacture nearly as cheap as England, and could manufacture much cheaper were the prices of British goods increased by 25 per cent. Grant Mr. Fielden his assumption, that his plan would have the effect of raring the prices of British goods by 25 per cent., and it follows as a necessary consequence, that on the adoption of his plan England must cease to be a manufac turing country. Deny his assumption, respecting the increase of i riccs, and equal ruin will be wrought, though in a somewhat different way. The merchant may in this case continue to sell British goods in the foreign market, until the destruction of the manufacturer puts an end to their production. This destruction, as we have already seen, would follow certainly and rapidly upon the adoption of a plan for compelling the manufacturer to pay the same money-wages as at present for winking up a diminished quantity of goods, which he could not sell at advanced money-prices. Whether Mr. Fielden's assumption re specting the rise of prices be admitted or denied, his pro ject for diminishing production will be found equally im practicable and equally ruinous. " Mr. Fielden tells us, and tells us most truly, that the foreigner will not continue to trade with us unless we give him the same quantity of manufactures for the same quantity of raw material. But gold is a material pro duced in a foreign country; and on Mr. Fielden's own principle, the foreigner will not continue to deal with us unless we give him the same quantity of manufactured goods for the same quantity of gold. Now, if goods and gold exchange in the same proportions as before, prices will be the same as before. Mr. Fielden, therefore, as• I Imes two facts, which are at variance witb,and destructive of each other. If the foreigner will not continue to give ua a greater quantity of material for the same quantity of goods, be will not give us a greater quantity of gold for the same quantity of goods, and prices will not rise ; and if he will continue to give a greater quantity of gold for the same quantity of goods, so as to make prices rise, he will give a greater quantity of material for the same quantity of goods. Thus Mr. Fielden answers, and over throws his own argument. When be tells us, and tells ns truly, that foreign trade resolves itself into barter, and that the foreigner will not continue to deal with us unless he obtain the same quantity of manufactures for the same quantity of material ; he, by a necessary inference, al-o tells us, and tells us truly, that his assumption respecting the rise of prices is erroneous. • * * " The operatives of England may obtain, under judicious arrangement, either a superior rate of wages, or a reduc tion in the hours of labour within the limits of the supe riority, natural and acquired, which England possesses in supplying manufactured go, ds for the foreign market. This superiority consists in the greater quantity of work which an Englishman performs in a day or year, tied in tie greater cheapness of machinery, of fuel, and of car riage; and this superiority is counteracted and limited by the comparative dearness .of food. No plan for improving the condition of the people can by possibility be effectual, unless it increases the quantity of work which can be executed in a day or a year, or the comparative cheapness of machinery, fuel, and carriage, or diminishes the comparative dearness of food. All projects for increasing wages, or for diminishing the hours of labour, which do ;apt contain efficient provisions for accomplishing one or wore of these objects, are founded in ignorance and in delusion, and must terminate in disappointment, and in aggravated distress. The first step towards improvement must be the abolition of the corn laws."— Times. The next session of Parliament will teem with events most vitally important to the Bri tish empire; and, if we may judge from the demi-official intimations which have very lately been put forth by those of our contemporaries who assume the character of Government or gans, we may suppose that M inisters intend to propose some alterations in the corn lasts, and that the shipping interests also will have a des perate struggle to maintain the few privileges that are left to them. We select these two mighty subjects as the object of our present remarks, because we feel that they are paramount in vitality to the other national interests ; and we trust that the representatives of the people will not lose sight of their importance. Modern political economists have long desired to inter fere with the protection which has been justly afforded to our agricultural interests. They have long been anxious to level with the dust thbsOuterests upon which, under the existing 7 - c*ufristaiib6 4 the State, we shall presume to it* ‘ainfair4 are b2astl every other interest of the tr. 1 ' ht 1',(:,,r,,,,,,-, , e - be" iheij manufacturing, commer ..e_t ..,-_-.- r- 7 ' i ~ --- _ , c_PlV__,_, \ --...nr__ • SlilpplOgi These political theo .' ,\'-' - st,s," ':. in their ia/ixious haste to force their 13r... 'cr litiesl economy upon the . com left ..trav \ - ' 1 , - rely lost sight of the circum sta esNifigiiiir country. They appear to us to have the monstrous inclination to graft the young and vigorous sapling upon the seared arm of the ponderous oak of ages—to apply " new saws" and rules without reference to past or existing circumstances--to jump at conclusions without examining causes. Our proposition, then, is, that if we open our ports to the free importation of foreign corn, we shall endanger the security of the empire, and that it will only be a preliminary movement to sponging out the inscriptions of the national debt. 'We know that a portion of the press, who falsely assume the Liberal character, and write under the bias of an evanescent autho rity, who pander to party at the expense of their private feelings and the true interests of their country, will attempt to deride this bold position. But we are devoted to our country in the fullest and most impartial sense ; therefore we shall heed them not. In the first place, we shall be informed that several plans are in agita tion to get rid of the national debt ; we truly wish that the energies of our fellow-countrymen were no longer fettered by its oppressive influ ence, but we shall set our faces against the char latan schemes which daily are put forth, and which only tend to impress notions derogatory to the national honour, whilst their chief purport is to shift the burdens of the State from the shoulders of one party to those of another, without reference to any equitable arrangement. Mi nisters of the present day, unfortunately, have, in most instances, degenerated from the states man-like character which formerly used so nobly to distinguish the British Cabinet ; they have descended into mere Doctrinaires, and seem willing to adopt the political catechism of every political charlatan who chooses to perplex the public mind, by delivering himself of his crude theories in ephemeral pamphlets or ponderous quartos. We must be understood as not wish ing to check the publication of any sentiments or notions that may benefit the community ; that would be contrary to the spirit of just im partiality, of which, we trust, we shall never lose sight : we only wish to impress the public mind and those who govern us that it is more dangerous than difficult to apply new legislative schemes to the exigencies of an old State. We should always bear in mind that Great Britain has arrived at her present position in the slow progress of many ages, and, therefore, it must be contrary to reason—contrary to a sound knowledge of human nature—hastily to adopt the mushroom schemes of those who look no farther than the present era. It is this want of retrospective thought and anticipatory calcu lation that has led to the revolutionary move ments which have so much disgraced the marching intellect of the present and the past century. To us it appears that nothing is so conducive to the support and well-being of the community as the inculcation of national feeling, and therefore we deem it our duty to resist every innovation upon national institutions or interests, unless it can be shown that the commu nity will benefit thereby. Under the name of " Scrutator," a pamphlet has lately appeared, professing, in terms of no very measured feeling of importance, to be a plan for the abolition of the corn laws, together with a proposal for the repeal of the assessed taxes. We would rather see a bold unvarnished statement put forth than any opinion garnished with plausibility. The first may astound but it cannot deceive, and therefore we shall presently notice this pamphlet. Mr. Poulett Scrope, who in his principles of political economy, has, in many instances, evinced strong marks of a talented mind, and who, to a degree, has written for the benefit of his countrymen, has failed upon the question of the corn laws. He sets out with premises which his own reasoning does not support, and, with much intention for his country's good, he fails in a contradictory manner in the support of a theory which every honest mind must acknow ledge is injurious to the welfare of the British community. This gentleman deserves much for the attention he has paid to the interests of the country—we only wish his compeers were ac tuated by the same feelings ; but in awarding the due meed of praise we shall not suffer our impartiality to be blinded. Our limits for this occasion will not allow us to dissect the several modern theories upon these great questions. We shall, however, return to these vital subjects upon the first fitting occasion—vital, we do sa j , when 6,300,000 souls are dependant upon the cultivation of the soil—doubly vital when plans are in agitation for driving that soil out of culti vation, and making the British nation dependant, in times of war or peace, upon foreign States for a full supply of food, whilst daily, in spite of the theories of Mr. Jacob, they are advancing in competition with our manufacturing power, and the consequent unwillingness to any true reciprocity of trade. In the abrogation of the corn laws the shipping interests are greatly in terested, and the labourer will not be benefitted by the innovation. Cheap as bread is, he can scarcely, upon the present rate of wages, purchase his necessary food ; when bread and wages were nearly double their present amount, he had a surplus which (because he could not eat then more than he can now) enabled him to share domestic and soul stirring comforts, from which his poverty now precludes him ; and it ought not to be forgotten that the humblest character who in his sphere, from the result of well paid industry, is above the gin or the beer shops, is more likely to become a useful member of so ciety, than the deficiently employed mechanic or peasant. Poverty is generally demoralising, and it is so from the very constitution of the human mind. During the future session, that vast nursery of British supremacy, her com mercial marine, shall not by us be forgotten— we have too much veneration for the Union Jack. For the present we shall conclude this notice, with the intention of resuming our ar gument immediately, and with a determination to support impartially ever y i n t eres t th a t, i n their combined character, may contribute to the welfare of the British empire. Morning Herald. In another column we have inserted from the Nottingham Review, an account of an inter view of a deputation of Dissenters from that town with Lord Grey, on the subject of the claims of the Dissenters. Lord Grey, on learn ing from the deputation that they had prayed for the separation of Much and State, said he was sorry for it?' " The expression of such sweeping desires as for the destruction of the establishment, would embarrass Ministers, would alarm both Houses of Parliament, and startle the country. He wished they had con fined themselves to the removal of those disabi lities connected with marriage, burial, registra tion, and such matters ; for on these heads there existed both in himself and colleagues every disposition to relieve them." The Dis• senters are not the least reflecting part of the community ; and as the points to which Earl Grey alluded are of great importance to the welfare of the country at large, they, as mem- hers of the community, must of course receive with satisfaction what will be an evident im provement in our institutions. We do not see, however, that any harm can be done, by a statement of what the Dissenters seek with regard to the union of Church and State. The question is in some degree involved in the refusal to pay church rates ; for if this taxation be repealed, one link of the chain which connects Church and State is broken. We suspect the establishment has not gained much by the trickery resorted to, to make the number of the Dissenters smaller than it actually is. " The Tory press (said Mr. Howett) had represented the Dissenters as a very small body. The matter had been put to the test of exact inquiry by a churchman at Nottingham, as stated in the me morial ; and the result was, that the Dissenters were found to be more than double the church goers." Lord Grey having said, that might be in one place, Mr. Howett rejoined, " that he would put it fearlessly to a national proof." We perceive that the Dissenters in several districts are setting seriously about such an enumeration as will show the exact proportion which they and the Episcopalians bear to each other. In the Monmouthshire Merlin of January the 18th, an account is published from two parishes of Monmouthshire. Similar returns are in prepa ration from the other parishes in that county; and it would not surprise us if the example were generally followed. We may here state briefly, that the accounts given are from two of the most populous parishes—Bedwellty and Mynyddysl wyn. The population of the former is 10,638, that of the latter 6,000. In 1765 there was only one meeting-house in either parish, in 1806 one more was built, from 1809 to 1821, there was an increase of six, from 1825 to 1828 eleven, and in 1829 and 1830 four more were added, making a total of 23 chapels. In the first named parish, with a population of 10,638, there is room in the chapels for 12,484 persons ; and in the other parish, with a population of 6,000, there is room in the chapels for nearly 5,000 persons. The chapels have been built, and the ministers are maintained by voluntary subscriptions. In Parliament an inference is to be drawn, from the readiness with which the spiritual wants of a rapidly•increasin; popu lation have everywhere been supplied, that the people may be safely trusted with this con cern. We have before us an address from the Rev. Mr. James, of Birmingham, on the prin ciples of Dissent and the duties of the Dissenters, which is very ably written, and throws a valuable light on the important question, how far the Establishment can supply spiritual instruction to the population of this country. It is too readily assumed that the Established Church is at present equal to the wants of the population, or can be made so, without entailing an insup portable burden on the people. Speaking on the point whether the Establishment can and does provide for the people adequate and appro priate religious instruction, Mr. James asks— " But do they ? Examine. In our own town (Bir mingham) there is a population of nearly 140,000 souls, of which the churches will accommodate not more than 25,000; perhaps not so many. If we refer to the metro polis, we shall find about 1,700,000 within a circumference measuring eight miles from Sr. Paul's as a centre, and church room for about 300,000, leaving nearly a million and a half unprovided for. This is but an average of the state of the country generally. lam aware it is said, in reply to this, that such a statement proves nothing but the guilty remissness of the State, not its incapacity. This is all that is necessary for my present argument to prove. But 1 may go further, and contend that the Legislature, constituted as it is, and as it is likely to be, never can be expected to make much addition to the present state pro. vision for the national worship, as it is tailed, much less provide an adequate supply. Front any House of Com mons that we are ever lik'-ly to have again, is another million likely to be obtained for building new churches? And yet ten millions would be insufficient to meet the case." By way of showing the greater efficiency of he voluntary principle, Mr. James says— . . " Turn your attention now to your own island. The romantic valleys of Wales have been peopled by the ope ration of the voluntary principle with a dissenting popu lation, who have retired from the humble churches of the Principality to the still lowlier meeting-houses. It has converted a moiety of the Kirk of Scotland to Dissenter ism ; while of those who attend the public ordinances of religion in England, a majority, it is believed, will be found in the places of worship belonging to the different denominaticns of non-conformists. In the metropolis and its vicinity there are about 194 places in the Establish ment, and 265 among the Dissenters. In the town of Nottingham there are five churches, containing about 5,800 sittings, and twenty Dissenting places, containing 12 000 sittings ; and there are 330 communicants who join in the communion of the Church of England, while th. re are 4,634 in full membership amongst the Dissenters; this is stated in the Nottingham Review. In this town there are, I believe, thirteen churches, and more than thirty Dis senting places of different kinds ; and it has been said— how truly I cannot tell—that there are two Dissenting communities here, which alone contain as many cotnmuni cants as go to the Sacrament in all the Episcopal places in the town. The Bishop of London, who is more ea .l lightened on such matters than many, has stated several times in Parliament that the Dissenters compose one fourth of the people; and the expectation has been, that the mind would pass to the conclusion that the remaining three-fourths were churchmen. But such a conclusion is inadmissible. It appears by other evidence from the same quarter, that in the returns from one diocese, which may be taken as an average, there were 110,000 persons composing the population, and that out of these only 19,069 were attendants at church, and only 4,134 at tendants at the Communion. This gives only one seventh as going to church, and about one in 38 as taking the Sacrament. This would give them for the nation at ' large scarcely 360,000 persons as in communion with the Church of England ; and taking the proportion of attend. ants at church, not at one-seventh but at one-sixth, it would give in a population of 12,000,000 only 2,000,000; while by the Bishop's own low estimate (which we are far from allowing to be correct) the proportion of Dissenters is 3,000,000. It must be here recollected, that the Dis senters' members are reckoned exclusively by those who attend public worship ; and hence it will be seen, that the voluntary principle takes, if this statement be correct, more to the [louse of God than are there by the power and influence of the State Church." We refer to a communication in another co lumn, on the subject of the Returns for Lan cashire, for further information on this subject. It would be doing great injustice to the Episco palian Church to suppose that its members are generally hostile to the views of the Dissenters. So far from this, it is well known that a very large proportion of its members are as adverse to the union between Church and State as the Dis senters. Indeed, it may almost be laid down that the most religious part of the Churchmen are as favourable to the voluntary principle as the Dissenters are. It is that union which clogs the Church, and gives the Dissenters such an advantage over it. The spiritual labour comes to be considered as subordinate to temporal rights; and hence the Establishment is utterly without the elastic principle necessary to suit the wants of a constantly changing population. We find in the City of London sixty churches for 60,000 people, and only room for 300,000 individuals in all the churches for 1,700,000 inhabitants. However, this is a matter which requires further elucidation; and we are glad to see that the Dissenters, who are both active and powerful, %sill go through with the work. The nation has hitherto been shamefully neglected in all that regards the instruction of the people. But the times are changed. Lord Grey will yield so much now ; and the Dissenters will act like sensible men, who know in what manner they can make their immense power subservient to the ends they have in view.—Morn. Chown. The clergy and laity of the Church of Eng land are zealously and admirably performing their duty, by showing to the world that they will be no parties to any scheme of Church reform which meddles with the doctrines, ritual, discipline, or internal polity of the Church not having the entire approbation, announced in a manner the most formal and authoritative, of the proper guardians and representatives of that great and beneficent national establishment, but that to any scheme of Church reform destitute of this essential claim to support and confidence they will oppose a calm, steady, and determined resistance. There are two articles in our paper this day to which we refer with equal pride and satisfaction, as they attest the fact that the sons and disciples of the Church are prepared to withstand any assault upon her doctrines, privileges, and endowments, and as they esta blish by irrefragable argument that the rights of the Church cannot be assailed without invalidating and effacing the title to every description of pro perty. The articles to which we allude are the address of the clergy of the diocese of Glou cester to their pious and venerable Bishop, with the excellent and appropriate answer it re ceived from that learned and virtuous Prelate ; and the extract we have made from the admirable letter to Lord Althorp on Church Reform by the Rev. J. Gate. We have no such vanity as to suppose that anything we can say could in crease the interest with which our readers will refer to the interchange of sentiment between the Bishop of Gloucester and the Clergy of his diocese, and we therefore simply refer them to the report of these important and valuable com munications. In reading them it is almost im possible not to feel for the moment a confident assurance that the Church, which can boast such advocates and champions, must, in spite of Mi nisterial or radical enmity, be entirely safe. But the experience of other countries and of our own forbid us to indulge the anticipation that a religious establishment can be maintained in op position to irreligious assailants by dint merely of the zeal and the piety of its instructors and disciples. The sophistical assailant must be - met by men who will engage with him in strenuous controversy, and oppose him with weapons of a keener edge and truer temper than any which he can wield. Such a champion of the Church is the Rev. Gentleman a specimen of whose ad mirable work we this day submit 'to our readers. The pretence that Church property is public property—a pretence which, under a great variety of forms, has always constituted the whole argumentative stock in trade of those who have sought to despoil the Church, while they pro fessed to reform it—this pretence is exposed and repelled completely and triumphantly in the very able argument to which we refer. It is there conclusively shown that the property of the Church is not public property, unless the whole land of the kingdom be public property also ; that every portion of it is inseparably blended with individual rights ; and that those individual rights are' more ancient in their origin, and more substantial in their foundation, than the right of any other class of private proprietors in the country to their possessions. It has been foolishly assumed that in dealing with the temporalities of the Church the rights of property will be sufficiently attended to if the life interests of actual incumbents are maintained inviolate. A more erroneous notion it is impos sible to conceive. In every instance the dignities and benefices of the Church include property in reversion as well as property in possession. The lands and houses appropriated to the maintenance of Episcopal Sees and of Chapters have been alienated from the property of the Crown upon the plainly understood condition that they shall remain for ever unimpaired, and that the Sove reign shall have the right of appointment to the ecclesiastical dignities which convey a right to the enjoyment of the rents and profits for life. The lands which once belonged to the Sovereign, and which now belong to the Church, can be resumed upon no principle which would not justify, and even require, the resumption of all the land which the Kings of England have ever granted to individuals. The same thing, mantis inutandis, may be said of all private endowments, whether cathedral or parochial, where the right of appointment or presentation has been reserved. It is evident, also, that, as respects the property of the church, there are an infinity of remote and contingent rights, which cannot be invaded without the greatest injustice, and for which it would be impossible to establish any scale of compensation. The whole property of the church may, in fact, be said to be private property. The incumbent of a living or of a dignity has a life interest, form ing a proportion of the property. Another portion resides in the King, the Corporation, or the individual who has the right of presen tation. In many cases, with respect, for in stance, to College livings, there may be an in choate right in a boy on the lowest form of a country grammar school. In many cases there is an inchoate right in a boy from the very mo ment of his birth. There is no end to the va rious shades and degrees in which the rights of property are blended with the endowments and internal polity of the Church. The King, ' as a corporation sole, is a large proprietor, and including what belongs to this Corporation, it may truly be said that every particle of the en dowments and revenues of the Church is private property, and that the Legislature has no right to touch it, unless upon the clearest reasons of public advantage, and not even then without providing full compensation to the parties who may be injured by its interference. We oppose the revenues of Canterbury to those of Woburn ; the tithes of a parochial clergyman to the snug box and garden of a retired citizen ; the just and legal expectations of the youth at our &l ieges to the chances upon which other young men may hiirly calculate as to what their fathers shall please to leave them ; and we do not . those scruple to declare tinos of property is to be assailed, the opinion, that if one sailed of, descriptions the other will not be long secure , and ought not to be secure for a day.—Morning Post. On the 21st inst. An old woodman, with his daughter and one of his sons, was at work in the forest, nea r the river Vesles, which divides the departments of the Aisne and the Marne, when another son, aged about 48, came, anti having. picked a quarrel with his father, at length struck him with violence on the head with a chet. The daughter fled in terror, screaming fir assist ance, and was followed by tile ruffian, who also gave her a blow with the hatchet, laid her senseless on the ground, and afterwards made his way to war d s t h e r i ver , w i t h t h e intent of drowning himself; but whether be accomplished his object is doubted, from the overflowing of the river preventing him from reaching the deep stream. The old man, who is 78, and his daughter, were conveye I to ti e hospital. Hope' , are entertained that his life may be saved, but hers is despaired of.--Frencli Paper. COURT Or KING'S BENCH, JAN. 27. CRIMINAL INFORMATION. Mr. HILL moved to file a criminal information against a magistrate of Nottingham, for illegal con duct in the exercise of his magisterial duty. The affidavit on which the application was made stated that a poor man, named Edward Dennis, in August last went, without any evil intention, on a piece of ground belonging to a Mr. Clark. He was there surprised by the gamekeeper of a Mr. Phillips, who laid an information against him for a malicious in jury. He received a summons from the magistrate, and when he appeared before him no person was prepared to prove the owner of the ground had sustained the least injury. The magistrate, how ever, called him an old offender, and added that there was a statute which would bear hard against old offenders. He then fined him 3/. and 19s. for costs. Having no money to pay, he was taken away by the constable, and kept in custody. He then sent to be allowed bail, and the magistrate, who had not told him he had a right to appeal, ordered the constable to keep him in his own house till the morning, and if the "fine was not then paid he was to be taken to the House of Correction. The man raised the money amongst his friends, and some days after went with his attorney to Mr. Clark, the owner of the ground. The latter said no part of the fine had been offered, and if it had he should not have taken it, as no injury had been done to his premises. The gamekeeper also admitted that the damage did not amount to Id. Some time after the Magistrate issued a search-warrant for the pur pose of seizing poison, which it was said Dennis had purchased to poison dogs in his (the Magis trate's) kennel. The house was searched and no poison found. Dennis, after that transaction, met the Magistrate on horseback, and the latter rode up, flourishing his dog-whip, and accused him of at tempting to poison his dogs. He said he had in formation, and would have him tried at Nottingham and transported, if it cost him 1,0001. The man who, in consequence of poverty was allowed by the parish of Sutton Ashfield to inhabit a small cottage without payment of rent, was told by a constable in November last to deliver up the cottage to the Magistrates. He went to the overseers, and they said they had no wish to turn him out. What they had done was at the instance of the Magis trates. If he (Dennis) could make it agreeable to them, they should have no objection to his staying. The Learned Counsel went on to state that the Magistrate, for some reason which did not appear, had suff:red great irritation to take possession of his mind, and had acted contrary to law. - - . _ The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE—Was he turned out? Mr. HILL—No. The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE—Has anything been done since November? Mr. HILL—No, not since November ; the first transaction is most outrageous. The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE—Very much so, but when the thing occurred in August it is hard that the party accused cannot show cause against a cri minal information before April. The COURT were of opinion that the application was made too long after the matter occurred, and refused a rule. COURT OF KING'S BENCH. OPPY V. LORD DE DUNSTANVILLE. In this case, the particulars of which we gave yesterday, but which was not concluded when our paper went to press, the rule was made absolute. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, JAN. 27. (Before Mr. Commissioner EvANs,) JAMES COCHRANE's BANKRUPTCY. A meeting of the creditors of this bankrupt, a bookseller and publisher of Waterloo-place, Pall mall, was held to-day for the proof of debts and the audit of the accounts, preparatory to a declaration of a dividend. The solicitor to the fiat, Mr. TAYLOR, had to request the opinion of the Court on the following claim, which involved a question of some importance to creditors under bankrupt estates who might be placed in circum4tances similar to the present claimant. Mr. B. West claimed to prove for about 1601. on bills of exchange accepted or indorsed by the bankrupt, which he held as security. One of those bills for 181. the claimant had lost. The creditors were not desirous to press too hardly for the production of the bill, but they wished to have the direction of the Court as to the right of Mr. West to prove for the whole amount of his claim. Mr. Commissioner EVANS said as the bill for 181. had been lost that amount must be deducted from the sum for which Mr. West wished to prove. Mr. Thomas Roscoe, editor of the Roscoe Nove lists, appeared to prove for 301., being the balance due to him for preparing memoirs and editing the work just mentioned. The agreement between the claimant and the bankrupt was that he should re ceive 2001. per annum for editing and preparing the novels for the press. For the memoirs he was to be remunerated separately, they being original compositions. .. _ The proof was allowed. Mr. George Cruikshank, the celebrated comic engraver, proved for the balance of an account due to him by the bankrupt. The inquiry into the claim of Mr. Colin Mac kenzie to prove for a balance of 4.57/. for his services in writing and preparing for the press the Parlia mentary Pocket-Book was then resumed. Mr. Cochrane was examined—He had paid to Mr. Mackenzie a bill, dated in March, 1832, with the understanding that that was to be a, final settle men►, and the balance that should be paid to the claimant for the work referred to. The bill was the exact amount of the balance due at the time it was dated. Mr. Mackenzie said the bill was given by the bankrupt on account, and that no final settlement had taken place. It was stated in the bill that the money was paid for his services in preparing the Parliamentary Pocket-Book, but it could not be supposed that he was to have no more for such a work as he had been engaged upon. The words referred to were inserted to show that valuable con sideration had been given for the bill; that it was not an accommodation bill; and to keep it separate as to payments from another work in which he was interested, viz., the Young Muscovite. The COMMISSIONER considered the evidence given by Mr. Cochrane was very conclusive, and as no ev dente had been furnished by Mr. Mackenzie to sui m ipo r. rt T h A i y s i c m la ß in s - i a , i i d t t c h o a u t ld on no th t e allowed. p be artof t lie there was no indisposition to allow Mr. Mackenzie to prove for 1001., in order to adjust the subject amicably. The COMMISSIONER recommended the claimant to accept the offer, a; the evidence was so contra dictory, and the weight ofit against Mr. Mackenzie. Mr. Mackenzie replied that he would use every exertion to substantiate his claim, and had no doubt he should be enabled to do so. The COMMISSIONER, from the evidence before him, had no alternative but to reject the proof. Review. ‘l. .Mackenzie s h ou ld appea l to t h e C o urt of The further proof of debts was then gone into, but the amount placed on the proceedings to-day was small. Th e fi rst di v id en d , i t i s expected, will be ss. i n t h e poun d . T he amount of claims against the estate are not accurately ascertained. Sir Walter Scott, on lending a book one day to a friend, cautioned him to be punctual in returning it. " This is really neces.atry," said the poet in apology, " though many of my friends are bad arithmeticians, i observe almost all of them to be good bookkeepers. USE OF COFFEE IN ASTHMA.—Coffee is the hest abater of the periodic asthma that I have eeen. The coffee ought to be the best Mocha, newly burnt, and made very strong immediately after grindin; it. I have commonly ordered an ounce for a dish, which is to he repeated fresh after the interval of a quarter of an hour, and which I direct to be taken without milk or sugar, ,sir John Pringle. EAST INDIA SHIPPING. His Majesty's ship Undaunted, from Ceylon, has ari off Portsmouth—sailed from Madras, Aug. 2 ; Mauri Nov. 14 ; Cape, —. The John Tayor, from Bombay, has arrived at Li' pool—sailed Sept. 28 ; St. Helena, Dee. 3. The Kent, from Bombay, has arrivtd at Deal—se Sept. 27 ; St. Helena, Dec. 3. The Lion, from Ritavia, has arrived at Cowes.—es Sept. 15, Arrivals at Bombiy—The Bounty, Hall, from Li pool, Sept. 22. Departures from Bombay—The Resource, Sept: 0 and New Grove, Sept. 26, for Bengal; the Hon. CI, pany's surveying brig P a li nurus , f or B assa d ore, S ep t..! Arrivals at the Mauritiu s —Th e A c hilles, from 19 , Nov. 5 ; the Barrel, from L on d on , N ov . 6 ; the Nigel from Nantes, Nov. 5 ; the Arabian, from Bordeaux; ° Mary, from Leith ; the Skeen, from the Cape ; the come, from London ; the Augustine, from St. Malo ; Arabian, from Liverpool, Nov. 7 ; the Lady Nue from London ; and Therese, from Bordeaux, Nov. S • Thetis, from Nantes, N ov . 9 ; t h e Gilb er t, Monro;fl London ; and Nelson, Wood, from Bengal, Nov. 11 , ; Nimble from Marseilles, Nov. 13 ; the Lydie and packs boat Nantais, from Nantes, Nov. 13 ; the Laura, ft° Liverpool, Nov. 13. Departures from the Mauritius—The Shepherd, London, Nov. 4 ; the Victoria, for Bristol, 6 ; the Talb for the Cape, 7 ; the Thomas, Dougall, for Bengal, the Francis, for London ; the William Wilson and Indi Oak, for Ceylon and Bengal, 18 ; the Lady Nugent" Bombay, 12. The York, from Singapore, was condemned Nov. 1 ' the George Canning to bring home her cargo. Arrivals at St. Helena—The Victoria and Shephe from the Mauritius, Dee. 13. Ships spoken with—The Vine and Voyager, from Mauritius, Dec. 27; lat. 8 N., long. 25 W. LONDON MARKETS. PRICE OF BREAD. The highest price of Bread in the Metropolis is 836 d. f, tib. Loaf. There are others who sell from 4d. to PAd. be' that price. PRICE OF SEEDS.-Jan. 27. Kew English Red Clover Seed (per Cwt.) 48s. 50s. fine 525. b sb , Old Ditto Ditto -s. -e. fine -s. --„,,,, New Foreign Ditto _....................... 50s. 565. fine -s. ....,-- Old Ditto ••••••••••••••••••••••••••MMOMIMWMPAPOW II -s . 44 s . fine .....8* New White C10ver.............. - sos. 565. fine 58x. 0. Old Ditto Ditto-.................-_... s('s. 565; fine-s. . 4 . 4 ,0- New Trefoil reeere*oww......••••• ••••••• • ••••• 1% 9.011. fine 21s. 7.7 31d Ditto ..... ••8. -8. fine -s. ."*"..,...: Rib Grass 14s. is,; fine 19.: ..„Y''''' English Carraway Seed-----.--,- -s. -s. 84s. fine . .M" Foreign Ditto ..................................--...................... -s. -s. 83s. fine or; Coriander - __. -.-.. -s. 12s. fine -s. 1.„,.." St. Foie , ' -..--..(per Quarter)---- , .. 46.5. 48e. fine 50s. 29.. 40.. 40 Rye Grass ~.....,....................,............,...... -s. -s. new ___ , Pacey Ditto -s. -s. new -s• "'".. Linseed, for feeding ..-8. 565. fine -..5. .7. Ditto, for crushing 4Bs. 525. --s. fine- - Canary Seed, New -s. -,s. 56s fine 6 56 ' I 'lit° Old White Mustard Seed.--.(per 8u5he1)........ -s. • -4. 125. n'.'B i3B. fi fi n n e e -"'' '.4 , :- Brown Ditto .... -s. 17s. 18s. finc..•",...., Turnip Seeds, Rounds , -5. -s. 18s. fine ' Nu, Green and Red Ditto . -e. -s. 188. fine 2, 1- 48. Od. fine 48. n .,.."' 4s. fi d. fine ss. v`" fares, Old Ditto New. Rare Seed , English, fine (per Last) 251:771. Foreign 2i/61', PRICES OP HO New Kent Pockets (per cwt.) Choice )P,S. —Jan. 27. 5/ Os. 51. 12s. to 61. 9. 6 ' 61. 6s. 0/. Os to 71. IA . 61. Os. 0/. Os. to M. 1O . 71. Os. 71. 10s. to 81. o , * . 51. Os. 01. Os. to 51. 10S• . 51. 15s. 0/. Os. to 61. OS' .111. 1 Is. 01._ Os. to 121. 19‘ .10/ Os. 01. Os to Choi, New S 'ESex Pockets Superfine Ditto Farnham (fine)---... Ditto (5ec0nd5).......... PRICE OF OIL. Rape ')il, brown 6s. Refined 6 Linseed Oil 27 b Linseed Oil Cake at the Mill, per thousand _ l3 Rape Cake, per ton • 5haw5..,—.,.,•«.w... Middling --...--... Marsh Champions Scotch Red5,...,—,... Chats ~,...v...«...,,,. PRICE OF POTATOES.—Jan. .31. Os. to 31. !Os. per ton. .01. Os. to 21. ss. ditto. .41. Os. to 4/. 10s. ditto. ,3/. 10s. to 41. Os. ditto. !. Os. to 21. Cs. ditto. WHITECHAPEL HAY ftlAßKEr.—Jan. 25. Hay 70s. Od. to SOs. Od. I (lover 75: Od. to 904 uw Straw...w 275. Od. to 30:. Od. PRICES Uk Lk:AI:HER. l'er lb. d. tong English Horse Hides... 14 Sinnish Ditto 17 Per dozen. Calf Skins... 30 to 4f lib. 14 Ditto 40 to 6011 x. 17 r, Ditto .......... 70 to 90b, 20 1 . 73 Small seals, Greenland 16 : 6 Large ditto l2 PRICE OI CANDLES. Per lb. d. to d. Butts, English . l4 24 Ditto, Foreign 13 20 Dressing Eiiaea 11 15 Ditto l2j 16 Ditto, light Clop Hides, light 12 13j Ditto 40 to 501 b. 12 16 Ditto The price of Store Candles, in the retail shops, is as follows Candles, per doz. 7s. Pd. to Bs. Od. I Moulds, per dozen RICE OF RAW FAT, per stone ot 81b. „d, Price of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Melters)—....... PRICE OF TA LLOV , rown Tallow ............—....... 483. Od. Yellow 48s. Od. White —s. Ott. Soap Ditto —s. Od. Melted Stud 375. Od. Ditto Rough 21s. Od. , SOAP, Sec. per 1121 b. , Yellow 62 5 . 'oil, Mottled 705. White. Graves 145. Good Dregs 50. ./ CET.—Jan, 27. d• Per Ton. S. 9 Walls End Riddell's 6 1 7 Walls End Hetton 1 8 . g Walls End Lyons g Walls End lamhton 18 3 W. E. Russell's Hetton... 1 8 6 Walls End Stewart's.... 1 8 p Dixon's Butterknowl,_, 14 Walls End Adelaide 1 6 0 Walls End Butterknowl 1 7 g Walls End 1 8 , g W. E South Durham... 1 0 0 Walls End 'fees 1 9 0 Silkstone 15 Tanfield 11 market-day. 81. COAL MAR Per Ton. s. d. Adair's 16 3 Bishop's 13 6 Chester Main l3 6 Dean's Primrose , 15 6 East Percy 15 0 ttebliurn Main 16 3 14 0 Pontop Windsor 16 0 rantield••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 17 6 Wylam 17 9 Walls End Carr and Co. 15 9 W.E. Clarke and C 0....-. 14 8 Walls End Hilda 16 6 Walls End Newmarch......, 16 3 Walls End Perkins...-~ 15 9 Ships arrived since MEETINGS OF CREDITORS AT THE COURT, BASINGHALL-STREET. (From the London Gazette.) I'O-MORROW, JAN. 29. 0 N ,I I). B. Hole, victualler, Acre-lane, Brixton H. C. Ryland,tvictualler, Goswell-street , DIVIDEND. 3 001 Z. Perks, grocer, St. John's-street, Clerkenwell A VENERABLE EDITOR.--The editor O i ' the York Chronicle, in quoting a p ragraph from tb s , l , paper, dated March, 1'784, states, with thinks for longevity, that the journal had at that time been sevl years under his superintendence. If be survive UO I March next be will have laboured, (somewhat after the fashion of a horse in a mi'l) in the service of the public fifty-seven years ! - -..! BIRTHS. On the 2d inst., at Street Parsonage, the lady of the Re William Fitzhugh, of a son. On the 26th inst., in the Royal Crescent, Bath, the lady Captain Stevenson, of a daughter. On the 24th inst., Mrs. Medlycott, wife of W. C. Medlycotb Esq., of Milborne Port, Somerset, of a daughter. On the 25th inst., at Ludlow, the lady of Allan J. Night" gale, Esq., A ssistant -Commissary-General, of a son. On the 26th inst., at Clapham, Mrs. It. B. Beddome, of ° daughter, her fifth child. —. MARRIED. On the 23d inst., at Cheltenham, the Rev. James Willi e Wiggett, M.A., rector of Moulton, Norfolk, to Mary All' i l elder daughter of Allan Thompson, Esq., of Cheltenham. A On the 24th inst., at Rushton, Richard Palmer, Esq., secor son of the late Rev. R. Palmer, of Grantham, to Caroline Ivir tilda, third daughter of the late R. Booth, Esq., of Glenda, Hall, Northamptonshire. On the 24th inst., at St. George's Church, Dublin, Chart ° Patten Vale, Esq., late Inspector-General of Civil Public A C . : counts in Ireland, to Eliza Sarah, second daughter of Char l " Coate, Esq., of Bellamont Forest, granddaughter of the Isle Richard Dawson, of Dawson-grove, Monaghan, and niece t ° the late Lord Baron Cremorne. DIED. On the 26th inst., at Southgate, Mrs. Jane Idle, ages relict of Christopher Idle, Esq., M.P. for Weymouth and PO' . combe Regis. vv On the 26th inst , in Gloucester-place, Portman.square, her 40th year, Elizabeth Mary, widow of the late John Trittoln Esq., and daughter of Mrs. Rudsdell, of Curzon-street, by h e( first husband, the late Edward Hammond Biscoe, Esq. On the 27th inst., in Portland-place, William Gosling, FAV in his 70th year. On the 25th inst., at Clifton, Jane, third daughter of the m eg Edward Rushworth, Esq., of Farringford Hill, Isle of Wight., On the 25th of l as t N ov ember, in his 19th year, Mr. Alfri" . W. Adams. On the 25th inst., at Hastings, Wastel Brlsco, Esq., of Hastings, Sussex ; Devonshire-place, London; and of Heigh t Hall, Yorkshire. On the 13th inst., at Rome, George, youngest son of W . ' Lumley, of Suffolk-street, in his 26th year. On the 25th inst., in Dulwich, Ann, relict of the late Joh n Adcock, Esq., of that place. On the 26th inst., in Cirencester, Gloucestershire, Mr. Jos Gillman, of Newgate-street, aged 6:2. On the 25th inst., at the Rectory, Carlton, Anthony Gervai e : on ly child of the Rev. Charles Eyre, aged two years and a ha l ' On the 24th inst., at Bath, Mr. Edward Upham, late of Vat . lisp, Devon, well known to the literary world by his Orien tr and other publications. On the 26th inst., in her 58th year, Jemima, the wife of Yl f. John Perry, of St. Helen's-place, Bishopsgate-street PRINTED AND rusuvnED BY MU RDO Y OUNG, ATTU° SUN Otoncs, 112, STRAND. 11 J G s Do, Cr;