The Sun. — London, England, 1834-04-04 00:00:00

7 , \ , been arrested, and brought before the Viceroy at Pain peluna, where they were shot last week." The Augsburg Gazette of the 29th ult. contains the following extract of a letter of the 24th from Vienna : " The Emperor gave a private audience to M. Ancil lon yesterday. His Majesty's health improves daily, and he is now able to devote himself as usual to public business from an early hour in the morning until late in the evening. Our funds to-day are--Metalliques, Five per Cents, 97i ; ditto Four per Cents., 88 7-22 ; Bank Actions, 1,245 '5-6. FRENCH FUNDS.—Butts, Aran 2 Five per Cents., 104 f. 10c. 20c. Four per Cents., 93f. 4Pc. 50e. Three per Cents., 78f. sc. 78f. Bank Actions, 1,790 f. Rente de Naples, 941. Roman Five per Cents., 9474 Bente d'Espagne, Five per Cents., 26%. Rente d'Espagne, Three per Cents., 40. Royal Spanish Loan, 81. Rente Perpet. d'Espagne, Five per Cents., 6514. Belgian Loan, 1831, Five per Cents., 99%. Haytian Loan, 270 f. EXCHANGE ON LONDON. One month, paper, —f. —c. ; money, 25f. 25c. Three months, paper, —f. —c. ; money, 25f. 15c. —Cours Authentique. DUTCH PAPERS. THE HAGUE, APRIL I.—The Second Chamber of the States General met yesterday after the adjourn ment. There were thirty-six members. After the usual preliminary forms were gone through, a Royal message was read, accompanied by three projects of law relative to the paying off of the Stock bearing six per cent. interest ; and his Majesty observes in his message, that in the answers made to the remarks of the section on the budget of 1834, he had announced his intention of bringing forward in the present session a proposal for withdrawing from circulation the bonds bearing six per cent. interest ; and that further mea sures would be proposed, to obtain in future an equality between the receipt and the expenditure. In connec tion with these communications, and with the existing necessity of providing for what is still wanting for the entire payment of the interest of the national debt for the current half year, his Majesty proposes three pro jects of law, with an explanatory memoir. The first two relate to the calling in the six per cents. ; the third, to securing the payment of the interest of that part of the national debt which is not placed in the budget of the expenditure for the current year. His Majesty feels that he has more reason to flatter himself that they will be approved by the assembly, as they , manifestly tend, on the one hand, to diminish the charges in the Treasury, and, on the other, to maintain and confirm the public credit and the general confi dence, without the imposition of any new burdens on the people. There was also presented to the Chamber a Royal message, with three projects of law for changes in the code of commerce, with an explanatory memoir. We have seen, in some of the Belgian papers, that some of the horses belonging to the stud at Terveuren had been brought over the frontiers of Holland to the head-quarters of the Prince of Orange, at Tilburg. It appears that these horses, four in number, including Waterloo and Mameluke, have been purchased by some persons in Belgium, who remained faithful to the house of Orange, and have been offered as a present to his Royal Highness. DUTCH FUNDS—AMSTERDAM, APRIL 1. Actual Debt, 2% per Cent. Amort Syndic, 4% per cent. B9 to 89% Ditto, ditto, 3% per cent. Voluntary Loan, 1831, 6 per cent lOO4 to 100% Loan of 14 Million, 1830, 5 per cent lOO% to 100% - Ditto, 1831-1E32, 5 per Cent. Exchange on London l2 07 5-10 to 12 Two Months l2 02 5-10 to 12 .—Dutch Papers, April 2. PRUSSIAN FUNDS—BERLIN, MARCH 17. St. Schuld. Sch. 4 per cent. 99 98% Prussian English Loan, 1818, 5 per cent.... 103% 103 Ditto 1322. 5 per cent... 103% 1013 Ditto Bonds .- . —Prussian State dazetle :March 28. MEMOIR OF MR. SALT. Just ready, in 2 vols. Bvo., with two Portraits. A IFE and CORRESPONDENCE o: HENRY SALT, Esq., F. R. S. His Britannic Majesty's late Consul-General in Egypt. By JOHN JAMES HALLS. Esq. Richard Bentley, 8, New Burlington meet, Publisher in Ordinary to his Majesty. On the Bth inst., in 2 vols., Bvo., with a New Map and Plates, JOURNEY to the NORTH of INDIA, OVERLAND, from ENGLAND, Through RUSSIA,. PERSIA, and AFFGHAUNIS- TAUN, By Lieut. ARTHUR CONOLLY. Richard Bentley, 8, New Burlington- street, Publisher in Ordinary to his Majesty. Agents for Scotland, Mes'rs. Bell and i3ra;lfute, Edict ,urgh. For Ireland, Mr. Join Cumming, Dublin. NOTICE is hereby given, that the Partner ship lately subsisting between us, the undersigned CHARLES SMITHSON, BENJAMIN DUNN, and CHRISTOPHER HAWDON, carrying on business as Solicitors and Attorner.3t-Law, at No. 6, New Inn, in the County of Middlesex, was dissolved (so fir as re spects the said CHRISTOPHER HAWDON) on the 17th day of Febrtnry last ; and that any outstanding debts that may he due, and owing to and from the said Partnership, will be received and paid by the said CHARLES SMITHSON and BENJAMIN DUNN. Dated this sth day of March, 1834. CHAS. SMITHSON, BENJ. DUNN, CHRIS. HAWDON. GERMAN PAPERS. CONSTANTINOPLE, MARCH 6.—1 have, properly speaking, nothing to tell you. Matters are here going on as usual. The scheme for a loan is prosecuted with great alacrity, but nothing positive has yet been de cided on. The French government takes an interest in it, and has latterly endeavoured to impress on the Porte the necessity of a loan. In fact, the Porte would be able to assume a very different attitude if its finances were in a better condition, and so far the opinion formed at Paris is correct. But what has been over looked is, that it is difficult to get money on good terms when the requisite security for the repayment of the principal, and for covering the interest, is wanting. There, however, lies the difficulty ; and a prospectus for a Turkish loan would have long since been issued, if any basis could have been formed for it, that was calculated to satisfy the public. All govern ments, it is true, must be desirous of restor ing some vigour to the Porte, in order that it may be able to obtain money on any terms ; but it is not in the power of governments to afford any assist ance in these matters, loans being always subjects of negotiation with private persons, and not to be carried into effect but by the support of public opinion, on which credit is founded. First of all, it must be seen whether the revenues of the Porte can be brought into the public treasury more regularly than they have hither to been, and especially whether the Divan will consent to farm out the many estates which the government has in its own hands. Hitherto it has shown itself extremely averse to this ; but necessity has no law. I lately spoke of the protests which France and England have again made against the treaty of the Bth July ; I also mentioned that the Porte retained its former position, and in answers which comprehended the whole question, had objected to all interference already made, or which may be made in future; with its ab stractedly indisputable right to make treaties with any power it shall think fit. I now hear that the Am bassadors of France and England are at length satisfied for the present. They would indeed have been glad if the Porte had wholly receded from the engagements into which it has entered with Russia, but they seem to have duly appreciated the assurances that have been given them on this occasion, in order to correct the false interpretations which were sought to be given to tl:e treaty of the Bth July. Especially, the people will by no gleans allow that it has, in this treaty, given to Russia ti:tl right to close at its pleasure the channel of the Dardanelles. It appears that this is not the case, and that no ization in the world can send ships of war through the channel without its permission. This point seems now to have been sufficiently dis cussed, and to be at length properly understood by all the adversaries of the treaty. But as there is never any stagnation in political matters, the convention just signed at Petersburgh by Achmet Pacha affords a new subject to recommendations against the Porte, like those which have hitherto been lavished on the treaty of July. The public do not yet know what stipula tions unfavourable to the two maritime powers the con vention of St. Petersburgh may contain ; but it is cer tain that Ponsonby looks on it as prejudicial to the in terest of England. On the whole, the convention seems to be only a corollary to the treaty of Adriano ple, and it is therefore strange, that after the maritime powers have passed over in silence the important stipu lations of 1829, objections should now be made to a convention which flows from them. —Allgemeine Zeitung, March 29. Sir Francis Palgrave is appointed successor to Mr. Coley, as Keeper of Records in the Chapter house, at Westminster. It is well known that Lord Mansfield had a rooted antipathy to horse-dealers, which was caused by the following circumstances :—When he became Lord Chief Justice, he was desirous that his equipage should make a conspicuous figure, and, with that view, he endeavoured to procure a set of handsome horses, that were to be quite black, without any admixture of white; after much trouble in making the necessary inquiry, a handsome set of horses was found ; his lordship ap proved of them, paid a very high price for them, and set them to work. In a short time, a star made its Appearance, in a pure white, upon the front of one horse., a blaze in the face of another, a white fetlock u p on A third, and some of the forbidden white appeared won s er i pe part of all those horses that were expected by his lord,s'hip not to have had a single hair but what was black. ilia lordship, in a great rage, sent for the horse-dealer, reproved, and threatened him with pu nishment for the fraud. The man repelled the charge with firmness, and asserted that, if his lordship exa mined his bill and receipt, he would find that they were given for the horses that he had sold by their true description. This was done, when the learned judge discovered that, assisted by bad writing and bad orthography, the dealer had given him a receipt for the sum of —, for— horses, coloured black. This was conclusive ; but many a horse-dealer suffered for this, for, during the whole time that Lord Mansfield sat upon the bench, whenever a horse cause w as brought before him, if it was possible there could be two interpretations put upon the case, his lordship al. ways charged that to the jury that was most unfavour able to the *key. (1,1 irjf . 3 ,.. - 10 -;."•,;;;. 4 54 t/P * " • ' , '‘ , \\ PRICES OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Bank Stock shut New 5 per Cent. 3 per Cent. Red shut Ihdia Stock shut 3 per Cent. Cons. ...90%%%% Ditto Bonds 31 29 31 pm 35. i per Cent. shut South Sea Stock 102% Ditto Red shut Old Annuities New 356 per Cent.... 98% 8 % New Ditto - 3 per Cent. Ann. 1726 .... - 3 per Cent. Ann. 1751 - 4 per Cent. 1826 shut Ex. Bills, £l,OOO ...... 52 54 pm• Bank Long Ann. to expire Ditto top 52 54 pm. Jan. 5, 1860 shut Ditto Small Oct.lo, 1859 shut Ditto Commercial pm. Jan. 5, 1860 1 7 14 3-16 Ditto Advertised Jan, 5, 1880 Bank for Account - Aprils, 1880 - India for Account ... ..... 25914 Jan. 5, 1870 - Cons. for Account 90% % % PRICES OP FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O ' CLOCK. Austrian Bonds ..... ... Belgian Bonds 99% Ditto Account 21% Ditto Account 995 Portuguese Bonds 66% Brazilian Bonds 71% • Ditto Account 61% Ditto Account 71 44 Ditto New Bonds ...65% 6% Buenos Ayres Bonds 23% Ditto Acc0nnt...6614 5% 6% :),tto Account 26 Prussian Bonds 10314 3 Chilian Bonds 25% I Ditto Bonds, 1822 lO3 Account 2 61 Russian Bonds, 1822 103% Columbian Bonds Ditto Account, Ditto Account 23 Ditto 111' 103% Ditto Bonds, 1824 0 4% 5 'Spanish Bonds, 18:11 30% 34 Ditto ACCOIMI 2414 Ditto Acc. Danish Bon 3 '3% , Ditto Bonds 1823 27 % 14 Ditto Account 73% Ditto Account 0 7% Greek Bonds...—. .......... — French Rentes,N. c.—f. -c. Ditto Bonds, 1825 0 9%'—...... Exchange —f —c. Ditto Account — —3 per cent. —f —c. Kexican Bonds, 5 per cent 31% I-- Exchange f —c. Ditto Account ,Dutch, 21 p. c. 49% mu o, 6 per cent .S9l Ditto Account 49% 50 Ditto Account 19 % Ditto, sp. c. 94 %% 5 Neapolitan Ditto Account 44% 5 PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Paid. Alten Mining Company £9 rtnglo Mex. Alin. t;o. tuts. at 51. pni ) £lOO Bolanos Mining Company £l5O Brazilian Mining Company £s Brazilian Imp. Min. Co. (iss. at 51. pm.) £2O Ditto Macaubas Cocaes 2O Ditto St. John Del Rey Cata Branca Mining Company 3% British Iron Mining Conmanv £so Columbian Mining, Co. (iss. at 51. pm.) 52% English Mining Company .... ....... _general Mining Association l2 ... . Per Share. 11 34 7 34 U 125 15 59% 18% 636 5% 31 10% 25 Hibernian Mining Co. £lo Mexican Mining Co. £4B Real del Monte - Mining C 0.... (unreg.) -- t nited Mex. Min. Co. (iss. at 21. pm.) 40 1)100 New Scrip 5 Alliance Fire Insurance Comp lO Protector Insurance Comp. ........ Australian Co. Canada Company ..... IS General Steam Navigation Co. l3 National Provincial Bank of Engiand 15 Rio Doce Provincial Bank of Ireland 25 33 V, 75234 £1 7 6 30 49% 15% 16%;4 2;6 42% PRICES OF IRISH STOCKS, DUBLIN, APRIL 1. Bank Stock 2lB 4 ISt. Patrick InAtm (per Share Consols, 3 Der cent Gov. Stcck, 3% per cent. 97 i National Ditto Ditto, New .." ........ ...... 97% ; Patriotic Ditto I per Cent. — 'Hibernian Bank — Gov. Deb. 3% percent.... 89% ;Provincial Ditto — Royal Canal Stock ......... Royal Irish Mine Grand Canal Stock —!lmperial Mine — City Deb. 4 per cent. — 'Mining Co of Ireland 2% Ballast Office Deb. 4D. C. —;Commercial Buildings HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO MORROW. Morning .. 51 minutes after 11. I Evening... 0 minutes after 0. This daytva. puhlisho,_in 3 vols. post Bvo.. RECOLLECTIONS OF A NAVAL LIFE. By CAPTAIN JAMES SCOTT, R.N. Richard Bentley, 8, New Burlington street, Publisher in Ordinary to his Majesty. Agents for Scotland, Messrs: Bell and Bradfute, Edin burgh ; for Ireland, Mr. John Cumming, Dublin. To be Lad of all respectable Booksellers in the United Kingdom. LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 4, 1834. The news from Paris consists chiefly of the fact of the resignation of the Duke de BROGLIE, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and General SEBASTIAN!, Minister of State without a portifeuille. This resignation took place on Tuesday evening, owing to the Chamber of Deputies having rejected the Ministerial project of law for a grant of 1,000,0001. to be appro priated to the liquidation of all claims of indem nity made on France by the United States of America for losses sustained by the operation of the Berlin and Milan decrees. The Ministerial project was rejected by a majority of 176 against 168. It was considered not improbable that these two resignations might lead to still further ones, and that M. GUIZOT, Minister of Public Instruction might follow the example set him by his friend, the Duke de BROGLIE. The French funds had not been so much affected as might have been expected. It was reported at Paris that the party of M. DuPrig were in triguing to get him into the Government. Ac counts from Madrid state that troops had already been despatched to the Portuguese frontier. Since the above was written, we have learned by a special express from Paris that the vacan cies in the French Ministry have been com pleted by the appointment of Admiral de RIGNY to the situation of the Duke de BROGLIE, and of DUCHATEL to that of Gen. SEBASTIANI. These appointments, it is said, will not at all interfere with the politics of the French Cabinet. .......1111rjj•••••• The news from Portugal brought by his Ma jesty's brig Pantaloon, Lieutenant DACRES, which left Lisbon on the 23d ult., contains nothing positive, though, so far as it goes, it is favourable to the young QUEEN'S cause. The belligerents in and before Santarem still conti nued in a state of inactivity. Admiral NAPIER had proceeded northward with a body of troops, after leaving the Tagus, and succeeded in cap turing Camminha. The gallant Admiral had previously made an attempt on Figueira, but was unable to effect a landing, owing to a heavy surf which was running at the time. He had officially announced the capture of Camminha to the governor of Oporto, and added that Viana would shortly be in his possession. Ge neral SA DE BANDEIRA continued to be suc cessful in his marches towards the southern pro- ~ 1 N n'/11, ....~' vinces. At Lisbon the constitutionalists were in anxious expectation of the interference of Spain. DON PEDRO had at last, by a formal decree, deprived Don MIGUEL of all the rank, wealth, and titles of an Infante of Portu gal, which, it is supposed, will bring no slight accession of pecuniary means to the Pedroite treasury. This measure had given very gene ral satisfaction at Lisbon ; we are surprised it was not resolved on before. Lord HOWARD DE WALDEN had been formally presented to the young QUEEN and the REGENT, but was reported to have given some offence, especially to the young QUEEN, in consequence of his having appeared on the occasion in boots. One would suppose that a Court in the critical posi tion of Don PEDRO'S, would be engrossed by too many serious matters, to be able to direct their attention to trifling violations of etiquette. A Spanish brig of war, aided by boats from the Portuguese steamer, Lord of the Isles, had captured a large British cutter, supposed to be the Express, packet, loaded with stores for Don MIGUEL, or, as was alleged, for Don CARLOS, and carried her into Vigo. The Pedroite force at Oporto consisted of between three and four thousand efficient troops. The meeting held at Birmingham on Monday was not more remarkable for its numbers than for the mistaken views of some of the speakers and the threats held out by others and applauded by the multitude. They all seemed to take it for granted that the Dorchester Unionists were justified in acting as they had done because mechanics have a right to form associations to protect their labour from further depression. No doubt mechanics have such a right ; that is allowed by the law of the land ; but it is quite a different thing to cement these unions by unlawful oaths. Oaths of that description of which these men were found guilty, are punish able by law. If the law is oppressive or de fective, meetings may be held to petition the Legislature for its repeal, but not certainly to set them at defiance. If such a principle were to be adopted, there would be no security either for the property of the master, or the wages of the labourer ; in fact, it would dissolve all the ties of social order, and one of its speedies and most certain results would be the ruin o: the mechanics themselves. Wages may be raised by fair and legal means, by an increased demand or by superior skill, but any attempt to raise them permanently by force is contrary to every moral and physical principle, and as hope less as the discovery of the philosopher's stone or the perpetual motion. The spirit displayed too by most of the speakers is anything but cal culated to benefit their cause—it has more the air of threat and intimidation than of petition or remonstrance, and places the Government in a position by which it has been prevented on principle from listening to the voice of mercy. The Government naturally say, if we allow the Crown to yield in this instance, and remit the sentence out of fear, all legitimate authority is at an end ; the next demand may be for a permanent scale of wages, whatever be the value of labour, or a provision for re fractory workmen, or the abolition of every constitutional law or tribunal opposed to the wishes of the labouring classes. There would, in fact, be no end to concession, but universal anarchy. We have a constitutional body chosen, not by the masters only, but also by the men. That body alone 'has the right of making and abrogating laws, and to dispense with laws, without their au thority, would be a virtual annihilation of the constitution. The course adopted by these unions, so far from benefitting the convicts or rais ing a feeling in favour of the working classes, will have precisely the contrary effect. It will excite apprehensions in every mind friendly to good order and constituted authority, and, if they persevere in their course, compel the great body of the community to petition the Legislature for the enactment of some severer laws against illegal associations. De precating any such measures, we earnestly hope these men will desist from violent measures in time, and glad as we should have been to see a more lenient sentence passed on the men con victed at Dorchester, their conduct cannot be justified. The secret manner in which the meeting was held, and the mode of administering the oaths, prove that they did not offend through ignorance. It will be seen in another part of The Sun that Government declines to interfere in the case of the Dorchester unionists convicted of administering unlawful oaths. The church rates, as affecting both church men and dissenters, will certainly be abolished. The plan has been decided on, and it is such as will leave nothing to be complained of here after on this head. Thus one of the greatest of the grievances of the dissenters will be removed, and that without delay. In the report of the Poor Law Commission, page 345, we find the following passage in re ference to registration :—" When a general re gistration of births shall have been established, a measure which cannot be long delayed, the proof of the fact of birth will be much easier." As it is intended to make parochial settlements ultimately depend altogether on birth, a certi ficate of the fact will be absolutely necessary to the poorest persons, and no persons will then hesitate to pay a small fee to procure it. The difficulty with regard to the expense of a ge neral registration will thus be lessened, if not entirely removed. A respectable officer may be appointed by the parish, and as he may also keep the parochial accounts, the salary allowed by the parish, and the fees on registra tion of births, marriages, and deaths, will make the office one of some consideration. It will, no doubt, be sought after by intelligent and re spectable persons, who will be able to furnish general statistical information on which reliance may be placed. If this can be effected with out a heavy charge to the public purse, even the most eager Dissenter will admit that advan tage limy arise to the public from some little further delay. As the Government must have been acquainted with the poor law report for some time, their postponement of the subject may be easily accounted for, without imput ing to them indifference to the claims of the Dissenters. The German Papers inform us that the Porte wants money, and finds it difficult to borrow. To be sure—who will lend without se curity for repayment ? And since every one knows that the days of the Turkish power are numbered, by Russia, what security can she give for a loan ? The way to obtain assistance from others would have been for the Porte to have maintained her independence. But was this possible ? Mr. ROBERT GR/EME has offered himself for Perthshire, and Lord LYNEDOCH has left for Scotland in consequence. Lord ORMELIE'S election cost 30,0001. The Whigs and Re formers will of course support Mr. GIUEME. Sir GEORGE MURRAY is canvassing the county against him. The first Cabinet Council since the com mencement of the holydays will be held on Monday. We find that Mr. MUNDELL'S publication, from which we have given an extract relative to proceedings in Parliament, embraces-1. Edu• cation and Establishments for Education. 2. Religion and Establishments for Religion. 3. Jurisprudence, and Establishments for dis pensing justice. 4. Industry, and the exercise of it. 5. Public opinion, in so far as the Le gislature is concerned. 6. The rules and forms of Legislative Proceedings. It thus comprises most of the leading topics of recent discussion. While Trades' Unions are adding to the dis- tress which has produced them, we conceive we shall render an acceptable service to our readers and the country at large, by bringing before them what Mr. MUNDELL says relative to Wages, which he defines to be " the recompense of labour. The money amount or price depends upon the quantity and description of work to be done, and the number of working men able and willing to do it, estimated in the money of the period of employment. The money recompense or price of labour, is like the price of everything else. It depends upon demand and supply. The Legislature, therefore, should no more in- terfere with the price of labour than it should with the price of anything else. Wherever it has interfered, the interference has deranged the general operations of industry, the result of which is to limit the general amounts of its products. " Nevertheless, in the case of wages, the legisla ture has interfered both directly and indirectly. Its indirect interference has been more mischievous than its direct interference, for its effects have not been so immediately apparent. " The wages of labour were directly interfered with by the statute of labourers, 25 Edward 111., anno 1350, by which all workmen were compelled to work for the same wages which had been usual in the last ten years, and to accept their wages either in money, or, at the option of the employers, in wheat, not rated higher than 10d. a bushel, that is, 6s. Bd. a quarter. * " Though the price of wheat does not appear to have increased much in England, in the course of the ensuing century, yet, in the next statute of labourers, 23 Hen. VI. c. 12, anno 1446, the wages, &c., thereby assigned were considerably increased.f " These statutes of labourers deserve the more atten- tion at the present time, that in the reign of Edward 111. the coin was so debased, that the creditors of the crown, and all other creditors, were defrauded, first of about a tenth, and afterwards of a ninth part of their property, by which also, home prices were raised in the same proportions; and in 1348 a pestilence prevailed in England, said to have come from the East (as the cho lera was said to do two or three years ago), which, ac cording to some writers, carried off so many of the people, chiefly the lower orders, that not a tenth part of them survived, and according to Hume, about one third of the whole population perished. " These statutes deserve consideration on another account, inasmuch as they serve to show the effect of a change in the exchangeable va lue of money, and of the coinage. In the money of the period, as silver was then coined, wheat was rated at 10d. a bushel, or about 2s. 6d. of the ex changeable value of money in Dr. Adam Smith's time, when our mint pound of silver, now coined into sixty six parts, or shillings, valued in gold, was coined into sixty-two parts, or shillings, which then showed the exchangeable value of gold.. Taking wheat, at 2s. 6d. a bushel, the wages of a day labourer in husbandry, in 1446, at that rate, would be 6d. a-day in summer and 3d. in winter, without victuals, and, including victuals, 9d. a-day in summer and 6d. in winter. Now, as money is continuing to rise in exchange able value, it is not, in the course of things, impossible that wages may so fall as even to approach these rates. Our stronge s t i mpress i ons are t h ose wh i ch we re ceive in early life ; and our habits of thinking have been so long f orme d b y a state of things where prices continued to rise, through the continuing fall in the exchangeable va l ue o f money, that we are slow to be lieve in an opposite state of things, where prices con tinue to fall, through the continuing rise of the ex changeable value of money. The bulk of us, also, have very undefined and confused notions respecting paper currency ; and f ew are aware that paper currency is, or ought to be, of the same exchange able value with the gold which it represents (gold being now our standard of value), and still fewer are satisfied that it always would be of the same exchange able value, if it were not for an exclusion, created by the legislature, which actually lowers, though it is sup- • Dr. Adam Smith observed upon this statute, that, at this time, " ten pence contained about half an ounce of silver, Tower weight, and was nearly equal to half a crown of our present money. Four ounces of silver, Tower weight, there fore, equal to Gs. Bd. of the money of those times, and to near twenty shillings of that of the present, must have been reckoned a moderate price for the quarter of eight bushels." He adds, " This statute is, surely, a better evidence of what was reckoned in those times a moderate price of grain, than the prices of some particular years, which have generally been recorded by historians and other writers, on account of their extraordinary dearness or cheapness, and from which, therefore, it is difficult to form any judgment concerning what may have been the ordinary price."— Wealth of Nations, vol. i. book ii. chap. xi. The wages usual for the then preceding ten years were, X. s. d. Weeders and hay-makers per day 0 0 1 Mowers by the acre or day 0 0 5 Reapers of corn, in the Ist week of August 0 0 2 - and after that 0 0 3 For threshing wheat and rye quarter 0 0 21 - barley, beans, peas, and oats 0 0 11 A master free mason per day 0 0 4 Master carpenters, masons, tilers, thatchers, plasterers, &c. Inferior carpenters, &c. Their servants or boys 0 0 11 All without meat or drink. t The wages assigned by thestatute were :--- (Bailiff .. . Per Ann. 11„; 1 Chief hind, carter, and chief shep. 1 2 - - i Common herd farm servant . 1 Woman servant '" .... LGirl under 14 years Free mason n t slater,e r i ... rough mas n on, ....... Per D a y 17 . 1 ordinary carpenter , an d others . a r concerned in buildin g .c F:... Labourer eso Master Master tiler, earPe From Michaelmas to Easter they ..‘ I had each Id. less s. d. s. d. 13 4 1 5 0 eo 1 0 0l ~ S 4 0 015 0 3 4 010 01.49, 4 0 0 6 0.1 3 0 O 0 41 7 .2 003 o I O 0 J N 6 .5 ti A mower .2 >.'" Reaper and carter, each .°°:,-., Other labourers and w omen, each ; , 4 oo 4 2 o o :3 0 2 O 2 2 posed to raise its value for a time, through the excess thereby produced, but which excess is removed by the operation of the exchangeable value of gold, in which, moreover, even the alternation is mea sured. Neither are we sufficiently aware that the excess of paper currency, during the time it lasts, operates exactly as the debasement of the coin does until it is corrected ; that is, it raises home prices, and obliges all persons to take it in payment, or to part with so many, or so much more of their commodities than they ought to do, for the currency which they receive, while it is excessive. Nor do we, in general, distinctly comprehend why money con tinues to rise in exchangeable value, though it is upon the principle of supply and demand ; that is, the supply of gold and silver having become unequal to the demand for them, they rise in exchangeable value ; whereby a smaller portion of them purchases a larger portion of other commodities. " Wages, or the price of labour must, therefore, come down, as every thing else comes down in propor tion as money continues to rise in exchangeable value. This is an inevitable consequence of a rise in the et changeable value of money, which the working classes must learn. But, as those above them are slow to comprehend how a continuing rise in the exchangeable value of money, in matters in which they are concerned, should lower prices, it is not surprising that the work ing classes should find it difficult to understand why theirw e ag xe e h s angbe should come of down mon w e i y. th a continuing r i se in the " The Legislature should resort to all the means within its reach, in order that the working classes may be instructed and satisfied in this respect; but it should do nothing more, excepting to afford the power of punishing any workman refusing to work at the rate of wages which may be offered to him, who shall hinder or prevent any other workmen from working, who may be willing to work at such rate of wages. Labour is the property of a working man,—every one of whom is entitled to use his own property as he pleases, provided he does not injure the property of his neighbour; but he does injure the property of his neighbour when he hinders or prevents him from working; for his neighbour is just as much entitled to work as he is entitled to refuse to work, and each is entitled to work upon any terms he pleases. Mr. MUNDELL proceeds to observe that-- " Money having fallen much in exchangeable value through the discovery of the South American mines, it was impossible to enforce the wages settled by the sta tute of labourers a century before ; but, in place of leaving wages, like everything else, to bring their own price in the market, the Legislature, after passing several intermediate statutes, finally, in Queen Elizabeth's time (anno 1562), directed and empowered justices of the peace, in the spring of every year, to rate and appoint the wages of artificers, handicraftsmen, husbandmen, or any other labourers, servants, or workmen (s . „,gliz. c. 4.) ; which statute was explained to mean any labourers, weavers, workmen, and workwomen whatsoever, either working by the day, week, month, or year ; or taking any work of any person or persons whatsoever, to be done in grate or otherwise. (1 Jas. 1., c. 6.) And power to settle wages was further given to the justices, in all cases of differences and disputes between masters and mistresses, and servants in hus bandry, who should happen to be hired for one year or longer : or between masters and mistresses, and arti ficers, handicraftsmen, miners, colliers, kielmen, pit men, glassmen, porters, and other labourers, employed for any certain time, or in any other manner, although no rate or assessment of wages had been made for the year in which the differences or disputes might arise, limited, however, to the amount of 101. (10 Geo. II c. 19.) " the legislature thus granted a power to interfere in matters of wages to the worst description of judges, where the interference of the best could not be other wise than attended with mischief. Contracts or agree ments for wages or work, may and should be enforced by law; but the terms of those contracts or agree ments, like those of all other contracts or agree ments, should be left to the parties themselves to settle ; and it should only be what the parties them selves had settled that should be enforced. Facili ties may be afforded, by arbitration or otherwise, to settle such disputes ; but in the proper protection to be thus extended to a poor man, care should be taken to do nothing that should prevent the master from em ploying him, by doing more than to establish a domes tic tribunal, which shall do equal justice to both. " A labour rate, which has been sought to be esta blished, is an interference with labour in the most ob jectionable shape. It not only seeks to compel a master to take a labouring servant whether he wants him or no, but to compel him to take a servant, not of his own choice, but thrust upon him by others. It is a palli ative, which, ultimately, increases the pressure it at tempts to relieve, springing from an abuse of the Poor Laws, which must be corrected." THE FUNDS.-L-(THIS DAY.) CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK. Our arrivals this morning are the Lisbon mail, by the Pantaloon, sailed on the 23d ult., the Express from Paris, by the French mail, and an arrival from Bombay, about 14 days later than the last arrival. The accounts from Lisbon are of a mixed descrip tion ; the contending armies continue in the same po sition before Santarem, and Admiral Napier has taken pOssession of a small sea port in the north of Portugal. Upon the whole the information is rather favourable for Don Pedro. It also appears tliat some operations are going to take place at Oporto, as the troops are ready to march on a short notice. The express from Paris is important, as it brings a partial change in the French ministry. The Duke de Broglie and General Sebastiani have resigned, but their successors have not as yet been appointed. Ac cording to the information from Madrid, received by the French mail this morning, it seems that six millions of reals have been sent to the Spanish troops assem bling on the frontiers of Portugal, for their expedition into that country. The disposable troops in Andalu sia are on their march to Ayamente, and the garrisons of Badajoz, Truxillo, and Malaga are on their march to Cuidad Rodrigo. The Urban guard will remain at Badajoz, charged with the defence of that town, consequently we may soon expect to hear of the entrance of the Spaniards into Portugal. As yet we do not hear of any news of consequence from Bombay. THE FUNDS. Consols still continue heavy. They left off yester day at 991, to 91, and opened at the same price, since which they may be quoted 901 Their receding may be attributed to the news from Paris of the partial change in the French ministry. Our speculators in Spanish and Portuguese Stocks are rather disappointed that no confirmation has as yet been received of the taking of Figueira by Admiral Napier, which was confidently stated yesterday, in consequence of which Spanish and Portuguese Securities are rather lower Spanish ; Portuguese 651 to 66, with little doing. HALF-PAST ONE. Consols, which were heavy in the early part of the morning, owing to the partial change in the French ministry, have improved, it being privately known that two new ministers, Admiral de Rigny and Du chatel, have been appointed without putting the French Cabinet to any difficulty. . _ _ Portuguese and Spanish Stock also improved ; Spanish 301 31 ; Portuguese 66 to. We just hear the Lightning has arrived from Lisbon. THREE 0' CL 0 CK: Consols for the Account, 998 91. An honest Hibernian was in the House of Commons gallery on Thursday, and asked who that sleek member was (pointing to Mr. Pease, the Quaker) ? He was told that it was Mr. Pease, the chief (there) of the Q's. " And who is that sturdy, stalking gentleman (meaning the new member for Leeds, who was at that time passing along the side gallery) ?"—" That is Mr. Baines."—" Faith, then," he rejoined, "the House is well off; it has Pase and Banes." Captain Salaun, of the ship Melay - o, lately arrived from Sumatra, has brought with him a living tapir, a very curious animal which had never yet been seen alive in Europe. The height of the tapir is 3f feet, its size that of a cow. It has the head and snout of the hog. Its upper lip is elongated like the ele phant's trunk, but it is much shorter. It uses this •trunk to take up its food. Its legs are thick and short, and resemble those of the elephant. Its fore feet have each four toes with nails. The hind feet have only three. It has the back curved, and is without a tail. Its colour from the shoulder to the haunches is white, and the rest of the body, that is, the fore part and the hinder part, black, except the ears, which are tipped with white. Its hair is very short, and its eyes small, like those of a hog. In the day it sleeps, and eats little ; in the night it is awake, and continually eating. It is good-natured. It is not carniverous, but feeds upon the bark and sprouts of trees, plants, and especi ally fruit that has fallen from the trees.—French Paper. HOUSE OF LORDS.-(THIS DAY.) The Lord ,Chancellor and Lords Courtown Kenyon sat this morning to hear Scotch Appeals. shi n ps LAWSON V. OGILVY AND OTHERS. was of no interest but to the parties concerned. Al' Co T ur li t e o L f osaenssiConHabNuCtELhLeoßwosutladteddetfherat his The i ar l l arguments two in o'clock;this a ; e theal o c q c u u e p s i t e i o d n their i l. 1 v l h o i r c it , the conclusion of the argument, was in favour of the judgment pronounced by final opinion till Monday. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL and the Loao-AD"" and a very CATE were together in this appeal, long discussion took place again as to the right o f pr: i cedence, when, as on former occasions, it was d er that the Lord Advocate should take precedence unu,.__ protest, and that an early day should be appointed 10' arguing the point. impressi.oen giving his WESTMINSTER-SESSIONS-(THIS fl ing eases The of whole v o l f ar t c h e e ny, om n rn on in e g o x as w h o i c c c h up p i o e s d s e i s n s etdry the slightest public interest. In the course of the forenoon, Sir Charles Forbes took the oaths and his seat as a magistrate for the City and Liberties of Westminster. PARLIAMENTARY PAPER• WAYS AND MEANS', AND SLIPPL r , A.E S• (MONEY IN THE EXC ; „ 1 , AN ACCOUNT of th e Total Amount HEQUER.) of MONEY Which, on r the sth of J anuary 1834, was in the EXCHEQUE R ' remained to be r ece i ved on account of WAYS and MEANS'hp, also, of the se vera l SUMS of MONEY which would Probably to be d e f rayed on account of the SUPPLI ES of theOf undermentioned Years respectively ; and the SURPI' V ', - the WAYS and ME ANS at the Disposition of Parl i a ment Ways and Means applicable to the Outstanding 51 Supplies of the undermentioned years £7,838,412 OUTSTANDING SUPPLIES. 1825-1826 £2,i 27 6 3 1827 B5 1 at 1828 2O 8 3 1929 3 10 2 18.10 7,318 5 7 1 1831 117,382 2 1832-33 419,2::318 2f 1833-34 6,430,158 19 0 11 21 7 276,249 ... --L.,______....-. Surplus Ways and Means (424,22.51.65. I ld. in cluded, being the unappropriated Balance of the Navy Grant 1632-33) at the disposition of 162 11 3 Parliament L 56. '" T. SPRING Whitehall Treasury Chambers, March 24, 1834. ford The East India Company's shill He She - shire arrived off Eastbourne China on the 13th Dec.,Helena on the 12t 11 —ec., and St. February. The sentence by default pronounced against .General Romarino , and the other Sardinian subjects who took part in the atteof February last, has mpt just been published. They have been found . of leze - majesty, on the 2d inst. and are ordered be delivered over to the chief executioner, to be by to ducted on a him e°l-1 • 's court or market-day, with halters round their nec k s+ places by the open squares, and other accustomed of Chambery, to the place of execution, to be th ere hung upon a gallows erected for the purpose, till they. are dead. They are further sentenced to pay a fine of 50,000 livres, and declared to have incurred the penalties affixed to highway jobbers of the first class, amongst whom their names are to be enrolled.-- Galignani's Messenger. Ae left WONDERFUL SEA LEOPARD.' ---A won derful and amphibious animal made its appe ara nce at the wharf of Mr. Henry Morrisby, on Sunday after noon. Mr. Morrisby writes :—" As there were several gentlemen here, on a party of pleasure, tily a. made after it in their boat across the bay, and succeed ed in driving it on shore, and with the assistance of my, self killed it. It weighed above five hun dred pounds ; and measured bet ween nine and ten feet lon g ! I go, four gallons of oil ou t o f it. Dr. Scott came by t : ei " ~., the time I was skinning it, and took a fattcY, t° I l e head, Which I sent t o him this morning. -''' Colonist. t\hv o'clock r arrival re Antwerp niv thisa.l Tavern, DOVER, ota hmfv eehor A ir nnsc, P Gi ni where rgi Cinque tuce L here eet hgr . 2 heuoe . —Shortly at ts el thearo, :h r tefoehlliey,vaigel received f ithn t sbt e g tyaernsan:e,gul t e Liu N c i ehr a ri d; of honour from the 73d rertirneat. The Court and the only of of Manage was then opened in due form; business we h ave h ear d t h a t took place was the re,ars in g. or altering a by-law, which passed some ye . since, relative to the Dover and Deal pilot cutters, o WI which the cutters were alternately obliged to ac IT! to the other for the number of pilots each shipped s ; s t,el_ instance, if the Dover cutter shipped a score pilotr,. a a,' was then obliged to lay by until the Deal cutteashth: brought up the arrears, or shipped as many _,,, Dover. They may now indiscriminately ship as 04 as each can without restriction. After the businessrou.. the Court was over the Duke inspected the ha b, u ,.: and works, and then returned to Walmer Castle. " morrow his Grace holds a Harbour Sessions. in_tThiHs and d LE a A n D eig T hb ß o A ur D in E g . time o d Tu e n p ht r ye e depressed, d in , a i o cn ila i s s g i t d o te ep ., ° : c t i r l in: state of the lead trade and the town of particular,te oumsAmerica,tan ee h o a f s an b de manye others almosthoferistsremoved ienm h h a oa l vb f ei d tda e n p tt o os p th u ha l e a v t i c e no d ga by e Y i 1 , t r i a e t t e s cl , distr h has, in search of employment. The value of property a id of course, been greatly deteriorated, and there are aid to have been 200 empty dwellings in that small t° has We are happy to state that such an improvement its lately taken place, as to revive, in some meas u t a te former activity, and to afford hope of the ult!7 oor , restoration of the town and trade of Alston 0 1 , via Two years ago, lead was as low as 121. per ton, naL a i understand it has lately been sold in this neighbour u"" at upwards of 181. per ton.—Newcastle Journal. w 1 .sclai AWFUL FATALITY. On ~et.iic i., onmorningchildren 1a st , a n edbaeerpi being g r e a r b ub l ne e wr t f es a tl t lo a , w l i tn t h y , eioccurrednethisld estcounty t a o u f a d vh i e f s t ate e t :i t tr i : o cLi/ s e a t ,:: girl about nine years old, having s dr om in e k, tow inad on v t e h rt e e t n o t p ly of p t l h a e ce b d ed t , h , s „ h immediately p the shrieks of nited. The father being attracted Y he fire by ulling the children, endeavoured to su ppress tl3 n down added to the en down the tow, but unfortunately only children of the house and the mother were so comple w id g o overcome by the smoke, that Egan with difficulty. 4 oftpa,..niuhcisliys:iaopwinurhespsosaetinbgnatetielni.ueg—vnedhLdei m i rth m saki e me r lef ic :n h ohbi S sbye ta fadehlr. .re, ' " 4 ' He anw T asy he mother and remaining child are in S g two of the other children were, shockirg -°, French army, who was taken the T latter here andiat lately ye returned t t u h r e ned children. top a r i The reldestte:rolin. fl agrat i o n , the straw I , 3ib).oisit b o,:: : burnt to a cinder. The house was comple t el y el inso le: the Napoleon ag ains *, ''e arg r sent communication into iii i s d a to f e imaking any t e r i i ~anbd 1 e un g dern e j a g t f his captivity never found a single opro rtul t i o l his and C rejected him as an imposter, for in additiell to the changes effected by time and suffering, he ha d se e d br scars on his face, which was still further disfig ur no the a false nose, made of metal. A peculiar mar k - o ther' left arm, however, being recognised by the I ' l ol oo fully identified him, and secured him acknowle4oo of and the reinvestment in his property, the posses ° , 00 stanceewi presumption o h u i c s h iy h r a e d will, refused ü b si been o e dif n s wihnpesth d naoadAhesei delivered ce l ddtr i itantd, hveaheepeva afford et pmapl auraytl appearance ,grtha d onhiirnerr.ne.fd:toa o teatttu nntoyH v ohtahcc e uieiedtce r oorshu: t upf;iiwtp o Fnstrmosaooi rc h fitttoof Ica rpdehtnrishtdure4gfst.heoseo. nteesiatmosphere relations naetrhitgrrontssosovihi.,teahubiathe ts i ei.tsi ti ,ierrle .00)ti a i 1 ~ _ vac: b P ai 1 :hi ci tt ibbi ° ar; : Ibp,etoei? ,1 thehasp.—ParisPaper. bunches, and also a want of size and cele u Ti r c l 7 , ,^. 1 ? i t ; tsobbcdahoceaesuectir berries, gi u s o es i n co l l o ste h :n o:Sd g o e i niosP o d r fhm l o odErrr w e b ei e s: y e rs . o so b m se e rve a d ttr t ib h u a t t e e t a lg y dfoisrecasedegrtoapaeswaranet oifnaigre• nesr :l ra f p ree es from this disease, and that it never occurs t a t 50100 grown in the open air, and having found t, ha e frolf t .. , bunches Immediately over a steam-pipe were l f _ e atil e " it, I have come to the conclusion that the ' the ;i1" stagnation of cold moist air, and the rerneclY t ome r plication of heat to such an extent (eYO i n r s ,, O lt ,' when the weather is cloudy) as to admit er e 'l as ion 1 day of opening the windows sufficiently to o ee nc tise" free circulation of air. This plan has been P r ' with complete success—Gardeners' Ma9azine. \~