The Sun. — London, England, 1861-10-22 00:00:00

~.+~ fortuity, even among the regulars in the capital, and proceeds as follows : "I have seen two or three squadrons of cavalry. No two men were dressed alike. Some wore overcoats, some did not; some wore flannel jackets, some cloth coats; some hats with feathers, some hats without feathers ; some regulation fatigue caps, and some any sort of civilian's cap, or hat ; some had their coats buttoned, some half buttoned, some not at all buttoned, and so throughout. The horses were not well groomed, the saddles and bridles were greasy and dusty, the bits and plates were tarnished and rusty. And it is rare that you see anything else than this in the streets of Washington of the regular cavalry. There is greater neatness and evidence of care in the infantry when on duty ; yet I have not seen so much as a squad of the infantry uni formly and completely dressed, except a guard at guard mounting. The nearest approach to a display that I have seek was at the funeral of the late Commissary-General this morning. It was an occasion, if ever, in which full dress and the fullest military decorum in all respect was to have been observed. I believe that no part of the cortege was in full regulation uniform ; in fact, I doubt if there is such a thing in existence as a full regulation uniform. The privates all wore fatigue caps. On the same gun-carnage and on the same seat the re were three brown caps and one blue. In the same plate on of infantry some wore flannel sacks and some regulati na coats. There was a guard of honour of sergeants atten ling the hearse. Even these did not wear the full dress hat One wore a cap-cover, the rest did not; another wore his risor up, the rest down ; another wore a full body uniform,t he rest flannel sacks. The only uniform article was white gloves ; these, I understand, the men furnish themselves, not the Government. The officers were not even uniform in this respect ; some w ore b rown and some yellow, and some white gloves. A line officer of the infantry wore cavalry gauntlets. Some wore the full dress hat, some caps, some cap-covers. O ne came on the ground in a brown citizen's overcoat, and took it off and strapped it to his saddle without dismounting. The officers' horses were not well groomed nor decently equipped. One r ode past with a parcel in a newspaper strapped behind his sa ddl e . Some bad English saddles, some the re gulation saddles, with all sorts of stirrups and housings, Some wore stocks, some st an di ng and some rolling collars ' and one young fellow w h o, I dare say, is gallant and noble, but whose want of a t rue sense of military propriety —ac cording to my pre-conceived notions about it —gave him a squirtose look, wore a big white shirt collar turned sailor fashion over his coat collar. The hearse driver (the horses were not led but driven four-in-hand) wore a brown and battered hat, a greasy coat of streaked and faded snuff colour. you rarely see a cart-driver north of Maryland so shabbily dressed. By his side on the hearse was a black boy in plantation apparel." There are even greater eccentricities than these. Officers may be seen wearing brass spurs, with the buckle inside the foot, fixed on white canvass shoes, infantry sabres, whips in their hands, coats wide open, tunics wide open, unstrapped trousers gathered up about the knees, long hair floating in the wind, and mounted on horseback flashing down Pennsyl vania avenue. There is a? this moment a squadron of cavalry outside my window, whose saddlery ac coutrements, bits, bridles, and uniforms would not be tolerated in a polk of Cossacks of the Black Sea. In one or two regiments there is such utter lack of discipline that the best thing General M'Clellan could do would be to disband them at once, No strength is gained by the numbers of the rank and file in battalions of which the officers are not mas ters of themselves or their soldiers. The execution of the soldier who killed Major Lewis, of his regi ment, the other day in Maryland, may deter the ruffians who have found their way into the ranks, but its approach has not had any effect if one may judge from what occurred at, as reported in a Washington paper, the very same place and in the same camp last night. A private of the 46th Penn sylvania Regiment stepped out of the ranks after evening parade, shot the Colonel of his regiment with a revolver in two places, and then shot the Colonel's son. Neither are mortally wounded, but t seems unaccountable that he should have been permitted to fire three or four shots by the men around him, who must have seen him draw the pis. tol. It would appear by the papers that an oc currence of a similar character, but ending more tragically, has just taken place in England, but, there no doubt, justice will soon be done. Mr. Lincoln hesitates to sign the order for the execution of the soldier who wounded his major, and there are even legal doubts as to the legality of the court-martial, which may lead to his being pardoned. But Gen. M'Clellan is in some measure bound to punish breaches of discipline by his own orders. His language in the following order is plain enough : " Head-quarters, Army of the Potomac, Washington, Oct. 1,1861. " General Orders, No. 19. "The attention of the General commanding has recently ben directed to depredations of an atro cious character that have been committed upon the persons and property of citizens in Virginia, and by the troops under his command. The property of inoffensive people has been lawlessly and violently taken from them; their houses broken open, and, in some instances, burnt to the ground. " The General is perfectly aware of the fact that these outrages are perpetrated by a few bad men, and do not receive the sanction of the mass of the army. He feels confident, therefore, that all officers and soldiers who have the interest of the service at heart, will cordially unite their efforts with his in endeavouring to suppress practices which disgrace no name of a soldier. " The General Commanding directs that, in future all persons connected with this army who are detected in depredating upon the property of citizens-shall be arrested and brought to trial; and he assures all concerned that crimes of such enor mity will admit of no remission of the death penalty which the military law attaches to offences of this nature. " When depredations are committed on property in charge of a guard, the commander, as well as the other members of the guard, will be held responsi ble for the same, as principals, and punished accord ingly. '4‘ By command of Major-General McClellan. " S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General. " Official.—RlCHAßD B. IRVIN, Aide-de-Camp." There will be a review of the cavalry and guns at this side of the river to morrow. News there is none. The gunboat Steady, which was sent by Lord Lyons with despatches to Mr. Bunch, at Charleston, has returned with communications from the Consuls. BUSINESS AT THE BRITISH LEGATION. In addition to the extreme pressure of business on the British Legation, arising from matters con nected with the blockade, distressed British sub jects, and illegal enlistments, there is now the pass port branch, which grows out of the regulation of the State Department that each British passport shall be countersigned by Mr. Seward and General Scott. In the matter of mincrs there is much trouble. The War Department appears to be over whelmed with work, for there is great delay in replying to the representations of the British Mi- nister in such cases, and I believe the Adjutant General has absolutely stated that minors will na be delivered up to their parents although their en listment is contrary to law. Sons of British sub . jecta under age have in many instances enlisted against the wishes of thei r p aren t s , w h o suppose the Legation neglects its duty because the young men are not at once discharged. In one of the papers of this city to-day I find the f o ll ow i ng p aragrap h , referring t o t h e military collision between the civil and author - • Lyons, on the 44 Jer emiah enlistment question : was on w N ed a soldier in the 23d Pennsylvania Regiment, 'lmla Judge William H. I brought before Assistant • Terri y last ck, of th e Circuit Court of this distriat, on a - wr it of habea the evidence that the said Jeremiah Lyons and it appearing from Lyons was a minor, who entered the service without thee ß knaltoiwledg e and consent of his father, Cornelius Lyons, Baltimore the Court ordered his release from all restraint or detentionte by reason of his of the irregular and void enlistment. above order of the 2d inst. Jeremiah w r as tile g P ' i ‘ 6Ba ge detained by order of Brigadiez-General Gr a ait a n 'Zed and Court room ing the brigade to which the said 23d RegiroZi--mand gull: atta c h e d . Judge _Merrick on Saturday ordered that Bri Graham show cause before him at the Circuit in the City Hall, on Tuesday (to - morrow), at 12 o'clock, why a writ of attachment for contempt of court should n o t issue against him, and the marshal was directed to serve the order." _ _______ I enclose some general orders, and the Blair and Fremont correspondence, from which it may be in ferred that the General can lose his temper occa- sionally. The weather is disagreeably warm, and very stormy and unhealthy. A balloon reconnais sance has satisfied General M'llowell that the Con federates are in great force at Manassas. READING IN CHURCH.—Congregations have no right to expect Kembles in the prayer desk any more than llarios in the choir; but they have a right to demand what the rubric enjoins, that the minister shall "read distinctly With an audible voice," so that he may be "heard of all such as are present." And this: but too many of our clergy cannot do, though I think the Times has somewhat over coloured the picture.—Cambridge Chronicle, s. * livis - -Jet-svmi f ' Lapn rota' ovT-Flot-sumi e .N. ,=, WallAnntr6m 24 March--29 Sept. zrrant'p 'I, finangials as Treasury dates of the Fishery-park Laws. THE STAR'S-PERIGEE'AN-LONGITUDE PHILOSOPHY ; OR ELECTRO COMPASS (-) PONTI USE'FRITIT. CINQUE-PORTAL, Wit-in-G' Dead's-court. —ln `l3. C. Diez-Cinq'kent 500 if. Polar above below declin. soar„in astrs-geOgraph. ••:•. to lover's s Arrow oft and-on' Diepp's-nouen to Lizard -pt. o'er Ind. Quadra , - , m l i fi n a o g re .to a' w s ,r La p n re Fu s.. e by e, T , o y e r k e culmination st on ate Tropic-wend rope-lay Anchor turd round the fist earth, as of Titus Vespasian's meter, yr 79 on 1824-35 Act for Dec' ca- conchoidal, leet-Crts. The Botaloigne 'd illegal mist-Comfin-negatta fete of 27-Bth, August'en A.D. 1861—as Eve sham'ci-on " the after math-B' head'ng night of Ikon apte'tr—issued the 13th, old lammass-day from the Jag' ket office (of th' grand master mason of Malta's College, St. James'-st., on U. S. c. 33, § 7, 1800-2-13-off Amiens treaty -Nap-1.7), in dupelex, welkin Paul the capson-scholastic,' by Goal-LEwEs' in Ship way seal' of traris Zouekirk's ? ' Earth-moving' error. So to—. " Command oid words, that long have slept—to wake, Words that wise Bacon, and brave Raleigh spake." This langawd Bamfin Out i fl ot ;ms_,key-loop as, Corn hill-st. lits-chaTe/4. "Like GGG-father-131 CowpEn-1712, like GGG.tchildspri gg PALMERSTON 1861 -as of H.J.Temple —cites the charter of Bristol L. P. 9 Antics, 24 July, for its backwarn'ng to six, fi ve , or four," combar- (on's in Lath'm Span'sh Cabotage) 'c urva t ure ' a Latrinity-ns.', Yer the sunk -port, Q. inn Jet,ext land wad-set's prior to Pope Nic.'s tax 1291-97-Doge II Ws 9th, at ShorenAitt, 18-21 pavillion, Bright-helm-stone meridian of old London, £m-resumed for" Carthage-mud port-Corhon, Edict Comffn., of Review in Egypes'lB2B," 9-10 W . 3d , c. 15, for Lt. A.'s arc Bows soli-etruscan, Arbitrat' at - rate 'm Pontifiscum—EmSra tor" as G' log Osfayo 'twist Turkish ALI, and Codrington, who in Claudian's 0 'way conic letter-a didn't— Scorn arbitration as a stin 9th.] To ninth " and tenth of William's reign." [nO 10th. Ist. So, no 1581's Earthrolling-bull's, with a Fist earth Langue@'oi o O'er nemilJet'famen'ys astral, See I Edw. VI., c. 2, reenact 284-yr. in 1832 by 2-3 Will. IV., c. 92, sec. 4,—entitled, The Submission of the Clergy Restraint 01 Appeals —as yet pending to Pombal's Brazil-9, in ach ita' intervention, 25 Henry 8, c. 19, ¶ 3, Whereas divers life-titled noblemen, and spiritual sylph'd-persons have sent out civil-summons, in their own names, as in the time of the usurped powers of the Bishop of Rome, contrary to the common law, touching writs in lay causes of correction, De Jure patronatus and probates of testaments —Be it enacted, that all such citations or other processes by advocates or other will-court officers, of the King's Highness, do bear th E-Quoin-might-rider's fiscustom'ary endorsement, as well as the 4 Common-clerk's name placed under citor's Mats de co-quoin' seal, in polar " .Elm Die Baaren" Jet] meridian g roof'd : : R cr) chester-bridg'd in mane Antcec -transit, o'er N. Zea Waithangi'd brother and sister's 3-ty. as 0. 5.20. E. of Azores (-) Verd ' fulcrum ponticulus-hernispheras'm 44st re-ponti-Phi/imore-Te'ad, as the old longitude-bridge' Eark-dance o'er the L'aide-ley "In silence, till the cheerful sun Has twice six months its star -wend run." Thus—Laganum-Rotalorum's of Kent under s yn-sideral lathe epoch for P. £' audits, to Bow towns 5110 N., 13 prefix over its L'ond on-wave'y bye Wall-in-ford •-• fcirencester Seven hundreds' on 34-HEN. I.' s mile' r Rayhere Kt., to 1.4 Hen. 4's hogshead of wine Jus-" E x -change A 1." as of leva lengu4 in Tenby's alt'mare meet, of Fresh and salt water Admiral's Court, not of Co-mercer's fa. fa., l'Erewing-sup,' as on Jesuit's ward books ca. fa.'d. Think deep.—or touoh not the empyrean spring'—Hosea. 2dly. Whence, by 1 Fhilip & Mary, c. 7, " No man shall exercise the office of Justice Conservator (to Water bailiff's silver-oar, of July, 1521, 81—now Utiecht's Indian-paddle Treaty of 1713-63, as of Mexico's Philipine isle'd Bohun inspector of all a fiscal-f meter-Crts.), who like WoEsEv's Temple'r shall take en himself 'to direct and serve his own prlcept.' Hence this cinq Negative ; since (by Russn-Dutch loan on America's double-hdd-eagle-RoPeck, 91's Mingan trust-acts of 1832), pension'd Church-Queen's" in ai—of a, by civil list, —tho' in 6'er"Xeft facce"—have ceased to be the head of Malcolm iff.'s G.G.G•BOII monetary Trust in presbytera'aindred and at your peril disobey this law —for "one and all as breast-high'd on Agricola's E:cot and 'lot hand-up lITMERAq typic, on Caesar's silver coinage for electing the yearly Abkari < cess phat's on 29th Sept., or Slmi - call-mete—magistrates, in union Echo-wall, to the 24th March one,l,of *Red Indian w. " murri nomine"—life. " To gain the race he eager tries ; his forfeit life's the stake." 27, Aug. 31,1861 [unpaid-jan.ter martyr 19 yrs], London, PETER BASQUE; g The flag-union Jag, Ist Fruit a. m M p.m. ftacca-cornhill'd-tribuneaslncome-tax • hI freeman, Antipod'n crown-colon j 1 chief • Bulo4grK of 1842, The criminal law's Eitradi o Temple. tion Gap, 3 'mile off-shore Sea -constable Labouchere. bearing Xamerica's paddle of Admiral's [2 March, '4l] court over Canterbury's ge-Guizote set- H. M. Perley, tlement for New Zealand's deadprooffit 3 Sept, '4l's Crt., its °dal N-af poy Stil'lord Warden Gap I viz'r. —tho' eruelly set up a medaled T'atecca machine, in " paccarizo gentis imagines." •* N. CHARLES ACRERLEY, J.P. of Carib-allyci f Enoland, elected 29th August, 1825 (by Ad- .•• : : miral G. Hamond, Stuart de Rothsay's Sec- Crown rotary; Marcus HiII—SANDYS, Lay-presbyter' 8 egu, on Can'ng's Holy Alliance abolition, of King- A clubs), the Standard meter-bearer of 1837—Lt. I R.N. i pay'd double- oathii'd victim—supporter Si of Red Mohawk PETER 10 yrs, by Indian Mary Peu Qu' March's murder-tie 1820 " per virginale Rien tenerum corpus christe' transit, thro' Quebec's Hamilton-Dalhousie, in E. Elder' duty for HIS S.P.Q.R, and own's State-birth provision, as the Mon tague Subsidy first-fruit loan, 1814'20's Major Trevsor- Cartwright's succosso r i a l Onra-U'homo, (to trove. 1322'99's red-turban'd Hen. Quadra Manfre , dum'y de ,aecearia,' on H. s's colona'd martin 5; I].• V to GONSALVI 1816 regolamento-159, by Pius 7th on. Scotch-Bailie Urban Bth's capacity-oath of 1749, Ad vocate STUART wortley-Newcomen s) en Gonfaloniere' 1824 passed is C. A.'s naming Act 1-2 W. 4, Na. 54, as th" goin'd popied Luther- calvin, for lay seignorage trust, over W. Russell and Stanley's Dead-hand (1683) yet-attaints, in secret propaganda (Sion Hill) agency. To all metre-roded ' Councils General' in nature's Year-law, under 1835's Municipal and Reform Acts to Mayor's local supremacy (against New" Comffn 'Grippe-Jesus' Christian Clubs, 11 Geo. 111, c. 55, male or female," as at the Burgh ports 1772's on the Shoreham resignation, aver-bull' srun of Clement 14th's Jesuit Dead-Guilds Jos. Abolition, for Lay resumption of life-set Exchanges of land), over the yearly Poor-law Guardians—as are for the time being—on 1603's church Canon in vestry'red lett ere d Transepta succession —an aft-Tow'ring, by Q. Elizabeth's P. C.-/'nuRLEv-men for oaths in retro-verge-,1%-sense, for sound office. Whence stop now, all pensions and ministers' money (for public works) whereby all Sylph-creeds become self-supports.-- So be it—for civic Asia-Europe's constabulary vox entry. "'Tis thus that Heaven its empire doth maintain ; It may afflict—but MAN, must not complain." 4. Papal-tribunes, of (mirsv minor E x change-house for bAl'pointers in o.s. Fiat-earth Tow'r) 1582, on COWPER'g Huitson 1671's Chiliarchm'r i to St. Michael's PENN for Fox banana organ Tun' of Hidelburgh. So Heligoland 3ty., Jan. 14, May-Cope n h agen 'd b y C. A. of Daphne, 1814, as the Montague letter 15 P.C. Crown-page before Embassy FOSTER'S Abbe-locum of Hanover Exmouth's 1816 3ty in Labouchero's paK clerk, Rothschild's Hessian 10-mart. . _ 1: Foreign Quarterly Review, Nov., 1829, p. 303 ; and Maritime Register, 17th Aug., 1861, p. 1051. Survey Arbitrations.—By 9 10 W. in, c. 15, it is enacted, " That merchants, sole-traders—(and all Antipode'ans, as those under the 'Turkish, 1809-Dardanell'd Padifhse Jan' Bailli'd Itreaty,' 1841)—desiring to end all controversies by arbitration, may agree that their submission of their suit to an Award or umpirage (as of Africa's 1828 trust on Thony Monthermer' ACKERLEY, Flag-Lt. of Ocean 74),—0f any person, should be made "on Captain Cook's nzana rule in tribal Admiralty red-flag MAon,r 4 -plea," of his Majesty's courts of Record ; and in ease of disobedience to such award on Pa-tow'ring, the parties neglecting or refusing (.t. F. Q. Review, Nov. 1829),—t0 perform the same, shall be subject to penalties of contemning e. Rule of Court, "as Pa .tax mis sion'd on the Anglo-Saxon Mexi-Spanish trust, yet Cuba- Philipin'd to 1763-4-state Grants, as reset 31 Jan. 1812-3, on the Carib-micmac's minor L' Boar' s head, Inn-fan- GNI and Out fan - Q.-sustenance of (without ‘Locatelle death's or further maddening poor PETER by exile cast from), family, for refusing to give up America's Tribal state flag to any church party, by Derby and Peel's orders with (In.'s rose. "Heath polar-star'd land Wehr-ring wolf to fawn, And view with trembling, whom they view'd with scorn.' j GUILTY (OR NOT GUILTY FICTION) RIDER. " The sea -WRIT original (now ' police-sheet root Of' St. Peter's-key Cornhill), spring of civic-suit." The "not guilty" when GL ILTY is the free and accepted for county-rate expenses, in all the courts—but, the guilty on written confession to Female complainant, before hear ing—is of right saved (50, E. 3) from a slaughter under the twofold spiritual and corporeal capacity of the casting voice in Judge, as prisoner's police arbitrator. The case in ques tion being betwixt Mistake-plaintiff, and Martyr-Defen dant-tacit, to obtain a iterioted St. AN yrou Court-christian Baillie-day's •criminal Ad -paper—as the October Laird o'Cockpen's Ist usefruct, of the French treaty Concordat in the Marylebone Police-court on Wed., Oct. 2, " Bellew v. Baillie" committed for three calender months to the cells with loss of hair—omitting the real Rug'd-pursuer's name on civil law table-turning, a Flemish-Balieu Order' note into a police-sheet-charge on Art. 1 and 9 Jan. 25, 1813.' The freak forgiven prisoner, on over night pre-arbitration with Plaintiff-rug•-laundress, 13, Frederick-street, for not having counsel to explain the kneeling facts. So, in SLANE suggestion,' Mr. Tyrwhitt and the Prison Secretary must instantly from defunct justice,' rectify this Cassandra hoax washing-rug' trial between mistress and servant—in order for instant release and reward, under Chief Justice Bruce- Bellete-Fortescue's Kt.-Stapleton Stat. H. 6' of 1442—(te coldbath Vestal-women-jail-keeper's o'er the 600, in TotLill nun'ery-like prison, &c.) now in civil Bench-warrant, as genitive'd 'of', sth Victoria, c. 24.—La voila, N. case. " Provided always, Yea I that, if e'er Quakers or lady Quacks interfere, Or take upon them--'as, a scholar'— ' Prohibitory' writ should follow." ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Manager---Mr. Edmund Falconer. THIS EVENING, MY AUNT'S HUSBAND. After which, at Eirfht o'clock. the new and success ful comedy of WOMAN; or, Love against the World. htracters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Vezin, Bruton, Mrs. Bowers, Miss Murray, and Miss Lydia Thomp son. To conclude with AN UNPROTECTED FEMALE, in which Miss Lydia Thompson will dance a New Volunteer Quick Step. Prices as usual. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 till 5. lANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS, AND FINE ARTS GALLERY. tc E 11r. S AM COWELL ever y even i ng at Ni ne and a quarter een. Also, Grand S e l ec ti ons f rom TROVATORE, A V TATA, NOR MA, MARTHA, and STRADELLA. By Miss Russell, Miss Ernst Mr. Herbert, Signor Tivoli, Mr. Morley, and a powerful Chorus. The return of Mr. LEVY, who will perform several cele brated Airs on the Cornet-a-pistou. The Comte department comprises Messrs Harvey and French. " The Nerves "—Mr lirarshall—Mr. Wood and his talented Son —and Miss Harriet Coveney Musical Director, Mr. ;Tonghmans. Admission—Hall, tad. stalls and Balcony, ls. H E 0 X p 0 i7 -----___ 6, OXFORD-STREET. I) ' EVERY EVENING. A Grand Selection from Amber's Nvw Comic'Oper „A CLIWASSIENNE," by Miss Ernst, Messrs. Gree a ne7 -- Messrs. flerbert, and the Company. Also from - . Verdi's new ( irtjt r ci opera, "Simon Boecanzgra," by Miss Russell, Morley, arcene, Greville, and the Company. .Ralfe's new ,‘ Ihe Maid and her Moorish Knig•ht," by Madame v ß ev an a d n a d u. French ilail ( r)d. Th ,. e Nerves), Baleony balled, "7 Mr. Levy on the Cornet-a -piston, and varied Comic Entertainments by Miss Harriet Coveney, Mr. and Mr. E. Marshall, and . Master Wood, Private Boxes, 108. ed.—Musical Director, Messr il s r . r i l l v ar . and Stalls, is ; Mr. P. Jongtnans. men. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN.—Under the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison.—Miss PYNE and Mr. HARRI SON beg most respectfully to announce that the SEASON of the Royal English Opera will NOT COMMENCE UNTIL THURSDAY NEXT, Oct. 24. This Postponement has been occasioned in consequence of the Rehearsals of Mr. Howard Giover's New Opera of RUY BLAS not being in such a state of completeness as would justify the first representation of a new work. The boxes, stalls, &c., &0., which have already been secured for last Evening. (Monday), may be transferred to the Thursday Evening, on application at the Box-office. The Box-office open from 10 to 5 daily. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. tinier the management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. Wm. Harrison, Sole Lessees. Will OPEN for the Sixth Operatic Season on THURSDAY, Oct. 24, 1861, when will be produced (first time) an entirely New Grand Opera, in Four Acts, by Howard Glover, to be entitled RUY BLAS. The Box-office open from Ten to Five daily. No charge for booking, or fees to Box-keepers. Stage-Manager, Mr. Leigh Murray. Acting-Manager, Mr. kelward Murray. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. Open for the Winter Season. THIS EVENING. MUSIC HAT II CHARMS. Messrs. D. k'isher, Romer, Warde, Hisses K. Kelly and Laidlaw. Alter which (257th time), THE. COLLEEN BAWN. Mr, D. Ltone!mull, D;Fisher, Billington, S. Emery, Stephenson , C. ,1. Smith, Romer. Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boucicault, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. H. Lewis. Toconclude with LOVE AND HUNGER. Messrs. Fisher, Emery, C. J. Smith, Mrs. H. Marston, and Miss K. Kelly. Doors onen at half-past 6—Commence at 7. FLEA TR g• ROYAL, IIAYMARKET Lessee, Mr. J. B. Backtstorie. PITTS EVENING, the pprfornannoes will commence with THE WOLF AND THE LAMB. Atter which, a new Comedy, entitled THE SOFT SEX Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Buckstone, Nir. Compton, Mr. E.Villiers Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Wilkins, &a With PAUL PRY MARRIED AND SETTLED. Pau Pry (in a new position), Mr. C. Mathews. To conclude with SHOCKING EVENTS. Commence a 7.. RO YAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris. This Theatre will be CLOSED this Evening To-MORROW THE RENDEZVOUS. After which, at Eight o'clock, Shakespeare's tragedy of OTHELLO, with new scenery, dresses, and appointments, Othello, Mr. Pechter. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE . This DAY.—Morning, 3h. 40m.—Afternoon, 3h. 52m. To-monitow.-Morning, 4h. 10m.—Afternoon, . 4h. 30m. THE WEATHER.—Strx OFFICE, OCTOBER 21, 186 THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 69—highest since noon yesterday. 51—lowest this morning and during the night. 59—this day at noon. BAnomaTER-29.86. WIND—S.-Easterly—fresh; with dull rainy weather. THREE O'CLocx.—Wind—South-Westerly ; fresh, with dull weather and more rain. _ .„,,......._) ,t q, '4 •, ...,... 0 ,4,,t, ~ \-4 , `,i7, - . - c:y -- 77,,, :,= -;,,--' -p; r# ~t 444 -,r -- 4; " 7e ; - 1 . 47-1 0;V > 1 '- ' (Ilk; ~ ~,,_4 t .:,<'!?., - T , - • ' , ...„,',,,.___,.) - A ,-,4- 1 '...i.,, , ;' ,.. 4; ''',-, _, v ,, r .... 4 , .., ../, 4 : -.,.,.. r4 ,,*x a „,,,, ~ _,,,,-, ,„,..0,,,,,,, ,-77,-./r,..,. . ~i , . .....,.... 4,, (5)..-t" "` '7l i't ;- - 777'.#‘77' 4 '4!" r- . t,-t 4 ,- 4 t "';:, • • --, THE SUN. LONDON, TUESDAY, OCT. 22, 1861. The great battle has not yet come off, nor does it appear likely to do so. The PRESIDENT and the Republicans seem more hostile to emancipation than ever. The State Convention of Massachusetts lis tened to and applauded an emancipation speech by their Senator, Mr. SUMNER, but when the resolu• tions, to which it was introductory, was proposed, rejected them. The Confederates have become the strongest, militarily, in Kentucky, and the State has called out forty thousand militia to resist them. An iron-plated steamer from Liverpool, with a cargo of guns and ammunition, besides other stores, including 70 tons of gunpowder, for which a mil lion dollars had been paid, cash, in Liverpool, has run the blockade at Savannah, and conveyed safely the welcome supplies to the Confederates. A Fede ral war steamer, the Fanny, was taken by two or three Confederate steamers while she was in the act of unloading 150,000 dollars' worth of property which she had just taken from Cape Hat teras, for the service of a Federal Regiment on the coast. The Sumpter is still at large. These are the most interesting facts brought us by the Persia. The survey of the whole does not furnish conclu sions much in favour of the North. The minor military operations aro almost all disadvantageous to it. FREMONT is said to be pursuing the captor of Lexington, General PRICE, who, however, is described as a kind of TANTIA TOPEE, who has a great number of cavalry and no baggage, ready for Parthian battle, but not easy for FREMONT to overtake. FREMONT is to follow him, if needful, into Arkansas, while it is rumoured—but probably it is only rumour—that M'CuLLocri is marching to cut off FREMONT from his supplies. The prospect in Missouri is anything but hopeful, not tomention the sad squabble between the BLAIRS and FRE MONT, resulting in a long and formal accusation of FREMONT by Colonel BLAIR. In Kentucky things are not much better. The Governor favours the Secessionists—the Legis lature the Union. Both sides have troops in Ken tucky, the Confederates most, but the Legislature votes them invaders, and calls out the State force ; which, again, is under the control of the pro- Southern Governor. Rather a hopeless compli cation there. On the Kentucky shore, indeed, of the Mississippi the Confederates have batteries at Columbus, by which they were able to rescue a Southern gunboat, which would otherwise have been captured by two from the North. Further eastward in Western Virginia, ROSEN CRANZ telegraphs that he can hold his own ; not a very promising report, so long after the victories there which first made M'CLELLAN the Hero of the North. Further eastward still, at Harper's Ferry, General BANKS' army is not spoken of in very high terms, and it seems to be held in check as effectually by General JOHNSTON, as APCLELLAN'S grand army is by BEAUREGARD a little further eastward, at IVashington. What, however, the two chief hostile leaders will do, it seems impossible to tell. Mr. RUSSELL, who is now returned to Washington, can no more form a probable conjecture than we can here. The wooded and hilly country, is wholly unfit for the manceuvring of two large armies as single armies under their respective commanders. Nor have they, north of the Potomac, any idea of the position of BEAUREGARD'S right, although they are quite cer tain that he is strong enough at Manassas junction. BEAUREGARD knows full well that he could not carry the works which defend Washington, but probably M'CLELLAN equally fears that the NN orks of his antagonist would not be easily carried by his troop . s. In this respect the South seems to have the best of it. Defence is all they profess. Their object is attained by it. They only demand to be let alone, and thus far they have deterred the North from meddling with them, or made it, as at Bull's Run, pay the penalty of doing so. The North, on the contrary, has to conquer. It has not made one step towards its object till it has beaten and driven back the Southern army. The continued inaction of the North is, therefore, a prolonged defeat ; that of the South a prolonged victory. Yet, deeply as M'CLELLAN, and LINCOLN too, must feel this, they are not in a position to move. Mr. RUSSELL doubts, indeed, whether the South has not, at this moment, as many troops in the field as the north. Certainly the *South has hitherto surpassed expectation, and :he North disappointed it. It must even be conceded that, considering the means at their disposal, the South has surpassed the North in its venture daring, and success at sea. The doings of the pri vateer Sumpter, and the recent capture of the Fanny, will be thought highly creditable by all naval But, from the proceedings of the Massachusetts convention, it is plain that the war waits on politics. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 22, 1861. We may trust the Southern papers, we think, when they describe slavery as increasing greatly the military strength of the South. At first it was thought that the slaves would be an element of weakness only. It was supposed that so many whites must be detained at home to watch them, that the whites of the South could not spare men for an army in proportion to their own numbers. But this would be the case only on the supposition that the slaves were made restless by the hope of free dom; otherwise things would be reversed. In the North where every white man works for his living he can ill afford his time for soldiering. In the South where slaves do the 'work, and where, if they have no chance of escape, a few whites can super intend them, the rest of the white population can enlist more freely while their slaves support them. This has turned out to be the fact—on the fron tier of the Slave States the Southern armies were sufficient to keep the slaves hopeless of liberty. Further south the prospect was even more hopeless ; worst of all, the Northerns gave them no encou ragement; worse, perhaps, even than that, the Go vernment has taken all possible pains to show that the war was not one of liberty for the slave. The slaves, if they know all that was going on, can do no better than toil on, and leave their masters and the North to fight it out. Worse their con dition could not be. But what should they rise for P Why should they be Unionists? The Union has been a bitter curse to them. If it shattered itself into its thirty-four fragments, they would probably be benefited rather than not by the change. If in Massachusetts—Mr. SUMNER'S State— resolutions pointing to emancipation could only be laid on the table, and the attempt to take them from it defeated, what can we expect of the greater part of the Northern States. It becomes more dif ficult to blame LINCOLN; it is the most Puritan part of the North which is in fault. It is " Like PRESI DENT, like people." There is nothing to choose be tween them. But we may predict, if it be possible to predict at all, that the North will never now sub jugate the South —never, we mean, unless it repents of its cold-blooded aversion to giving the coloured race its due. The Northern Americans have made a great fuss about English want of sympathy with their cause. We may justly wonder far more at their cruel want of sympathy with a far better cause. What is a monster Union as an object of sympathy, compared with abolition of the most oppressive slavery ever known on the face of the earth. The men who show no sympathy with negro rights, though to fight for those rights is their only sure means of victory, are the men who de mand our sympathy with a Union built on slavery, and fenced by atrocious fugitive slave laws ! It cannot be. The unfeeling selfishness of the Free North chills us, as much as the avowed pro-slavery principles of the South disgust us. At present the cause of both North and South is bad, utterly bad ; and while we should be sorry to hear of Southern triumphs, we are at a loss to know why we should rejoice in Northern victories. Let the South succeed, and slavery is fixed there for generations. Let the North restore the Union even, and it would be to lend the whole strength of the North, as well as of the South, to the perpetuation of slavery. When we look at both sides, the ejaculation of the Patriarch will recur to us—:" Oh my soul come not thou into their secret; unto their assembly mine honour, be not thou united !" The noble lord the member for Woodstock summed up, on Wednesday last, down at Birmingham, the many extraordinary advan tages that might be reasonably looked for as the almost inevitable result of the exten sion of our Consular establishments in Africa. Lord ALFRED CHURCHILL'S remarks upon this oc casion were apropos to the recent appointment by her MAJESTY'S Government of an accredited agent at Abbeokuta, in that continent. The meeting held on Wednesday at Birmingham was one convened by the members of the African Society, for the pur pose of considering the effect of the Cotton Famine (!) upon great seats of industry in this country, such as Manchester and Birmingham. The resolution entrusted to Lord A. CHURCHILL ran to the fol lowing effect :—" That this meeting emphatically expresses its approval of the appointment by the British Government of an accredited agent at Ab beokuta, and trusts that the policy which dictated this appointment may be extended to the town of Rabba, on the Niger, and to other important places as facilities arise." And it was in the course of the little address during the delivery of which the member for Woodstock proposed the above resolu tion to the meeting at Birmingham, that there oc curred the very striking epitome already alluded to —the epitome, that is, of the advantages certain (or, at any rate, very likely) to accrue to Af r i ca from the extension there of our Consular establish meats. The mere circumstance of that extension, said Lord. ALFRED CHURCHILL, " would place the coun try under the protection of Great Britain, and, so protected, all its cotton, sugar, tobacco, and indigo fields would thrive under British en t erpr i se; a deadly blow would be st ruc k at t h e slave grown produce of Cuba, Virginia, and New Orleans; the supply of slaves from the Afri ; the Africans would be can coast would be cut off brought up to their true position in the human race, and the whole world would soon reap the benefit." Now, the picture thus rapidly sketched many will probably be set may be pronounced by down at once by many —as very highly-coloured, or rather over-coloured, the prevailing colour in it being, of course, the couleur de rose. At the same time, however, who amongst us all will have the temerity to gainsay the probability (not merely, observe, the possibility, but the probability) of any one among all those same halcyon anticipations being, sooner or later, realized? Whether sooner or later, is, of course, another question, but that they would eventually, that they must eventually, be realized, we for one entertain no particle of doubt whatever. The simple preliminary condi tion for them all being —as intimated—the exten sion in Africa of our English Consular establish ments. Provided only that b© secured—it is obvious in the first place that the country would gradually and in the natural and inevitable course of things come under the protection of the British Government. And, so protected, it would be our own fault if the cultivatioa there of cotton, sugar, tobacco, and indigo did not thrive ! By the mere fact of those crops thriving under the YEgis of our protection, the deadliest blow that could be struck at the slave-grown produce of Cuba, of Now Orleans, and of Virginia, would be struck at it ! We should by all this obtain the best security that could possibly be acquired that the supply of slaves to the southern part of the North American continent would be cut off rigidly and inexorably. A better security by far than all the squadrons that could possibly be pliced there along the western shores of Africa to impede that hellish traffic! And as to the benefit of all these happy results upon the poor Africans themselves—well, hardly can one syllable require to be penned here upon that head ! So that exa mining Lord ALFRED CHURCHILL'S summary of advantages, clause by clause, we find it literally to be within the mark throughout. And the means to attain all this is in itself so simple—is one so completely within our reach ! We have but to stretch forth one hand and shake these " ripe pears" (as the Napoleonic phrase is) upon Africa. For the sake of humanity, for the sake of com merce, for our own conscience sake, shall we not do this P Already we have recently taken occasion to descant upon the many attractions revealed to the emigrant by Canada. We have pointed out the scope that noble colony affords to every kind of development. We have commented upon the ad vantages secured to it by the mere vastness of its dimensions. We have particularised a few of the more striking excellencies appertain ing to it from the mere circumstance of its geographical situation. The extent of its mag nificent seaboard ! The wondrous facilities afforded for inland navigation along the broad and majestic current of the St. Lawrence, The diversity, and for the most part the salubrity and loveliness, of the climate! The fecundity of the soil ! And so forth. We have gone further than this. We have particularised the marvellous rate of increase ob servable of late years in the population of the two Canadas, on the extent of country traversed by the Canadian railways, in the development of the mer cantile enterprises of the colonists there generally. Yet is there, of course, very much more to be said upon each and all of these themes, upon which we have been expatiating at so much length. Even in reference to the agricultural capabilities of the soil of Canada, might not much more be said in evidence of their amazing amplitude, from the simple text that in the valleys of some of the largest rivers of Upper Canada during the last twenty years wheat has been grown after wheat ! Grown, of course, not with impunity. Cela va sans dirs. Still, that such an insensate course as this could have been persisted in, is of itself a fact sufficiently indicative of the marvellous fruit fulness of the land so harshly dealt with ! No thought there of the rotation of crops. But, on the contrary, for twenty years and upwards con secutively, wheat after wheat grown, as we have said, upon the same soil ! According to this system, or rather by reason of the absolute want of any rational system at all, it is not by any means surprising that we should have to read now as the consequence of all this—that " the first crops yielded an average of 40 bushels to the acre, but under the thoughtless system of husbandry then pursued the yield diminished to 12 bushels to the acre, and compelled a change of system which soon had the effect of restoring the land to its original fertility. This system of exhaustion," we learn, however, " has effected its own mire, and led to the introduction of a more rational method of culti vating the soil. Years ago, when roads were bad and facilities for communicating with markets few and far between, wheat was the only valuable pro duct of the farm, so that no effort was spared to cultivate that cereal to the utmost extent. Now, since railroads, macademised roads, and plank roads have opened up the country, and agricultural societies have succeeded in disseminating much useful instruction and information, husbandry has improved in all directions, and the natural fertility of the soil of the old settle ments is in great part restored." So that the very blunders of our Canadian agriculturists have tended perhaps the most clearly to demonstrate the extraordinary natural capabilities of the soil, its astonishing fecundity, its grateful return at all times, and in all due seasons, to the labours of hus bandry whenever judiciously applied! Having referred thus more particularly to the character of the agricultural development of Canada, we shall take an early opportunity to comment upon the rise and progress of many of the more remarkable cities and towns of that noble colony. DEPARTURE OF 11.E.R MAJESTY FROM JIALMOLIL. BALMORAL, TUESDAY MORNING. Her Majesty, the Prince Consort, and suite left Balmoral at 9.33 this morning, and arrived at Aboyne, en route to Aberdeen, at 11.20. MUSIC. Anabel Lee. Words by Edgar Poe, music by A. M. Pares. Airly Beacon. Words by Kingsley, music by A. M. Pares. Come not when lam dead. Words by A. Tenny. son, set to music and dedicated to Katharine Pares by A. M. Pares. Chappell and Co., New Bond. street. The words of these songs are familiar to all lovers of beautiful verse, although they do not belong to the class patronised by most song writers. Words of a higher character have, however, been lately intro duced among us under the auspices of those gifted amateurs, who, like Miss Lindsay and the composer before us, think that music should be married to immortal verse, instead of to mere rhyme without reason. They are all arranged with good taste and expression, and their simplicity is one of their chief merits, as the music is kept throughout in subordina tion to the words instead of perplexing the singer and diverting the attention of the audience, by an elaborate accompaniment. In the pieces here before us, there is much to attract notice, and we cordially commend them to the study of amateur singers, whose name at the present day is legion, so widely spread has been the cultivation of music, and so generally diffused the knowledge to appre ciate it. There is sufficient ability evidenced in these songs, to encourage their author to proceed to further efforts, and we have no doubt that with experience, and preserving the same taste in selec tion, she will hereafter be ranked with those intel ligent composers who have done so much to enrich the stores of our musical libraries. TIIE CORONATION AT KONIGSBERG. The following is the full text of the King of Prussia's speech at the Coronation : " By the Grace of God, Prussia's Kings have worn the crown for 160 years. lam the first King who has ascended the throne since it has been sur rounded by institutions adapted to the times. But, mindful that the crown comes only from God, I have, by my coronation at the holy altar, mani fested to him that I have received it in all humility from His hands. The prayers of my people, I know, have been with me in this solemn act, that the bless ing of the Almighty may rest upon my Government. The love and attachment that have been testified to me since my ascent of the throne, and that now have just been manifested to me in so eminent a manner, are guarantees to me that, I may reckon, under all circumstances, upon the fidelity of my people, and upon its submission. (hingebung) and its readiness to make sacrifices Confident in the same, I have been able to exempt my faithful people from the ancient oath of here ditary allegiance and submission (Erbhuldiqungs und- Unterthanen-Eid). The gratifying proofs of that love and attachment lately given to me on the occasion of a momentous event (the Baden attempt) have confirmed that confidence. "May Gad's providence long preserve the bless tngs of peace to our beloved native land. My brave army will protect it from dangers from without. Fiom internal dangers Prussia will be preserved, for the throne of her kings stands firm in its might and its right, and if the unity between King and people, which has made Prussia great, endures, so shall we—may God grant it !—be able to with stand, upon the path of sworn rights, the dangers , of an agitated time and every threateni n g storm. ILLNESS OF LORD BROUGHAM.—We regret to learn that Lord Brougham is suffering from illness. His' lordship will in consequence be prevented from taking the chair, as he had promised to do, at the annual meeting (to to held in Manchester this week) of the " United Kingdom Alliance" for suppressing the liquor traffic; and he has written the following note to the hon. secretary of that as sociation :—" Brougham, Penrith, Oct. 20.—My dear Mr. Pope,— I grieve to say that I am unable to set out for Man chester, having been under Mr. Taylor's treatment these two days, and getting worse instead of better. He won't hear of my going, and, indeed, I feel that he is quite right. I need not say how much I lament this, and am left to nothing but the expression of an anxious wish for the suc cess of the meeting. Of my increasing anxiety for - our great cause it is unr.ecessary:l should assure you. I have written to Mr. Bazley, but I send Dr. Taylor's opinion to you, that there may be no delay in finding another chairman. I re main, believe me, sincerely yours, H. BROUGHAM. I look forward to being laid up for a week or ten days." The fol lowing is a certificate of Lord Brougham's medical adviser : —" Brougham, Penrith, Oct. 20.—1 am sorry to be obliged to state that it will be quite impossible for Lord Brougham to attend any public meeting on the 22d or 23d instant, on account of indisposition, which he has been suffering from for some days past. MICHAEL W. TAYLOR, M.D., Edin." The Noniteur Algerine announces that the Cherif Mohammed. bed Abdallah, who, as we lately mentioned, had fled precipitately before the Goums assembled to check his depredations, has been taken prisoner, after having been blockaded for two days at Areg, where he had shut himself up with about 350 of the tribes of the Mekhadmas and Chaambas. The Goums, while in pursuit of the false cherif, recaptured a number of flocks and other stolen property which ho had been compelled to abandon in his flight. PROPOSED NEW RAILWAY AT BIRKENHEAD.-- It appears that steps are being taken to promote a new line of railway from the Dee to the Mersey, and which is ex pected to open up a large extent of country hitherto un traversed by, and unconnected with, a railway line. The line will pass down the valley between Birkenhead and the River Dee, skirting the village of Upton Woodchurch. Passing round the base of Bidston lEll, it will communi cate with the great float at Birkenhead, having a terminal station near to Woodside. A complete survey has been made preparatory to the Parliamentary notice being given. THE CEYLON RAILWAY.—An issue is announced of £lOO,OOO 6 per cent. debentures of the island of Ceylon, created under an Act authorising the raising of £400,000 to pay off the Ceylon Railway. Company. The debentures will be of £5O each, to be paid off at par at the end of seven years from the 15th of next month. Although the amount authorised is £400,000, the Governor of Ceylon intends for the present to avail himself of the powers granted only to the extent of £lOO,OOO, the balance having been furnished from the Colonial Exchequer, in which there was at the time a considerable surplus. For the last seven years the revenue of the island has exhibited an average excess of £50,000 compared with the expenditure. The Ceylon Rail way Company was actually paid off, and the London offices and all the company's property in this country transferred to the Agents-General for Crown Colonies, on the 20th of August last ; but a part of the money then required by the Government was temporarily supplied from a source to which it is now necessary to return it, and hence the neces sity of raising the sum of £lOO,OOO. '1 he Ceylon Govern ment have taken possession of the railway, and intend either to enter into a contract for its completion between Colombo and Candy or to carry out the work under their own supervision, whichever maybe found most desirable. No ROYAL ROAD TO GOOD READING.—PubIic reading is an art as much as public singing, and requires the same amount of time and study for its successful culti vation. No man in his senses would expect to become a proficient in vocal music in "a few lessons ;" and yet our candidates for holy orders, in obedience to the Bishop of Rochester, will delude themselves with the idea that the professor or actor can in a dozen hours eradicate the slovenly habits of as many years. The result is in almost every instance (Whately says "in every instance"), either no im provement, or an affected pedantic mannerism, which dis gusts the hearers, and brings contempt on the whole study. —Cambridge Chronicle. • A BRITISH JURY.—At the Portsmouth Quarter Sessions on Saturday a marine storedealor was tried for having in his possession a cask of ship's copper bolts, the pro perty of the Crown. At the conclusion of the evidence, which was apparently of the clearest and strongest descrip tion against the prisoner, the Recorder summed up in a lucid manner, and of course strongly against the prisoner. The jury, however, to the astonishment of a crowded court, acquitted the prisoner. The learned Recorder in discharg ing the jury, said he should have done so with much greater satisfaction had their verdict in the last case (the case re.. ferred to) been a different one. There was another case, the learned gentleman said, for stealing lead from the dock yard, which had been postponed until the next sessions, but had that case come before him he certainly should have found it necessary to swear in a fresh jury. CAUSE OF BAD READING IN CHURCH.—The laity complain, and most justly, of the bid reading inflicted on them Sunday after Sunday. But how can it be otherwise while the present system lasts ? Candidates for the minis try have no proper instruction either in the public schools or universities. They enter on their professional duties with provincialisms and cockneyisms uncorrected, and read positively worse than many of their congregation. The varieties of professional incapacity are endless—the mut terer, who swallows all his final syllables—the drawler, who wearies with his tediousness—the gabbier, who rushes through the service at express speed—the preacher, who mistakes prayers for sermons—the actor, who mouths the prayers with the most painful affectation. All these evils are the necessary consequences of the inadequate estimate of the end in view and the means to be employed for its attainment. Some take half a dozen lessons from a strolling player, or trust to one lecture on church reading given by the examining chaplain at the close of the examination for orders I—" Rhetor," in English Churchman. MR. JACKSON, M.P., ON THE AMERICAN CRISIS. —At the annual dinner given by the Mayor of Newcastle under-Lyne, Mr. Jackson, one of the borough members, made some interesting remarks on America. There was, he said, no place in England suffering less from the sup. pression of commerce in that country than the borough of Newcastle. It is true a gloom has darkened over this dis trict in consequence of the unhappy differences across the Atlantic, and it is likely to continue; but I am truly glad to know there is but one opinion throughout the country respecting the differences—that is non-intervention. I believe my hon. colleague agrees with me in that; and I am satisfied Lord Derby and Lord Palmerston are also fully agreed upon it. I know that country well. I can't say I have been over the whole length and breadth of the land, but I may say I have seen many thousand square miles of it. For the last 30 years I have been more or less mixed up with it, and I say, let them fight it out ; for fight it as they will, it must finally result for the benefit of this coun try, and if I had but one vote to give, it would be against interfering with them. Some say that it is a question of the abolition of slavery. I don't altogether agree with that. My firm opinion is that it is a question of free trade against protection. Years ago I met wile men from the South, who said to me, " We sell you bond cotton at 12 cents a pound ; you send it back manufactured for 12 cents more ; but before we can consume it for the purpose of clothing our slaves we have to pay 12 cents more. It is more than human nature can bear." And so it was. The Southerners long ago made up their minds for free trade, and you see what has taken place. THE NEWCASTLE BANQUET AND THE PRESS.— The Newcastle Chronicle, in concluding its report, says : " The arrangements for the accommodation of the represen tatives of the press were inost wretched and inadequate Upon the reporters present the whole world depended for an accurate account of the highly important speech of the Minister of Foreign Affairs at this very critical period. Will it be believed that the only accommodation provided for about 30 reporters, some of whom had come from London, Edinburgh, Leeds, and Manchester, was a single plank laid upon ricketty tressels, and placed so closely under the plat form that not a single speaker could be seen, and at times some of them could barely be heard ?" Tbough always making large allowance for the difficulties of committees on such occasions, we are compelled in self-respect to echo and confirm t'le complaint of our Newcastle contemporary. The theory on which the committee seemed to proceed was that the representatives of the press could very well be spared. One instance will perhaps suffice. While we were incur ring the rather serious expense of running a special train from Newcastle to Edinburgh, in order that the public of Scotland might next morning have a report of the Newcastle meeting worthy of its importance, and had made applica tion for places as soon as the arrangements were publicly announced, the committee made it a matter of fuss and of favour to let our reporters have tickets at the same price as any other persons.—Seetsinan. SUBSTITUTE FOR LEATHER.—Not the least re markable feature of the present day is the almost universal application of a new discovery, intended, perhaps, tWoe sup ply a want in one particular branch of M. Sze industry.relme has are not, therefore, surprised to learn that and as an instance of this in the adapted his process of indurating stone o t u o o othef Parliament r substances, Y p o r n o o f c , a li andccalico, sttuutr,iaisl subjecttoo k place. t e h e e t , i , s z u o s p e i d s also sa,, p rtoocperses: v al en )n t e ;eu lv st il . ere W its oo fi d r , c.f:urnenddinteortoinamgctost‘tvhoeevnmodnedrwefurafltuleylr imitations and last year it wa s : capablecloth, o moleskin, fh ing of the v arieties o f dressed leather. This last application worked up has recently been patented, and a company is now being formed for the manufacture of boots and shoes, of which the upper leathers are to be made of this new material, which, soft to the foot, adapting itself like a glove, is not liable to crack or shrink, is impervious to wet, and permits the perspiration to pass off. Other improvements, tee, in the mangy tfacture itself, are introduced. The sole is divided a l on g the, side, leaving the upper portion of it to protect the foot from the rivets, and the hard side of the leather too is lowest, leaving the soft side (the "sucker" propen sities, c.f which we have doubtless all proved experimen t illy,) Ito be presented to the foot to abeeth its moiPture, and not to the ground as is now done. This new mate rial, ar.d the improvements we have mentioned will, no doubt, recommend themselves, and from the cheapness of the former a great reduction in the price of boots and shoes may be expected. fg i 4.71 E v xv PARIS, OCT. 21. The Patrie of this evening says : "The English Admiralty has decided upon iron plating the ships which are already built. Should the experiment prove successful, England could in one year have 20 iron-plated ships. " The Admiralty has also determined to execute numerous defensive works in the English posses sions in India, China, the Red Sea, and the St ra it s • of Malacca." CRACOW, OCT. 21. Communication with Warsaw is now difficult. News has, however, been received hero from that city to the 19th inst., which states that the Catholic and Protestant churches still remained closed. The people prayed before the doors of the churches. Arrests continued to take place. Among the per sons who had already been arrested were the son of Cour.t Zamoyski and other leading citizens. The banker Toeplitz had been imprisoned. Five hun dred merchants had been fined 100 roubles each for closing their warehouses on thg 15th inst. M. Gerstenzineig is dangerously ill. NAPLES, OCT. 21. Several Bourbon conspirators, among whom is Prince Attajano, have been arrested. Reports are current of an approaching reactionary movement, notwithstanding which the city con tinues tranquil. Four Bersaglieri, who had inadvertently entered the Papal territory near Rieti, have been made prisoners, FRANCE. PARIS, OCT. 21. BOURSE, Oct. 21.—The following are the last quotations :- 4t per per Cents 96 —I Do end month 96 10 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 20 Bank Shares 2910 Credit Mobilier.., Do. Account 712 50 , RAILWAYS. Credit Foncier Belgian 41 — Piedmontese Fives 69 90 Roman Austrian Spanish Threes — Home Debt Cash. Account. Orleans 1330 .. 1331 26 Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1025 .. 1026 25 Geneva 340 .. 342 50 Southern Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lotrbard 525 .. 526 25 PRUSSIA. The Prussian Illoniteur published a decree of amnesty on the occasion of the coronation. Amongst other provisions of this decree we remark the following :—" In execution of the ulterior par dons, promised in cur decree of the 12th of January last, we will :—Article 1. To remit the unfulfilled terms of imprisonment and fine, also any unpaid expenses of persons condemned for offences against the law of the press, and the decree upon the right of reunion and association. Article 7. Our desire also is that individuals guilty of grave crimes, who conduct, or by other circumstances in their favour, have merited indulgence, or may be restored to liberty without danger, share in the present act of amnesty. We have, consequently, given special orders, upon the report of our Minister of Justice, for setting at liberty the condemned of this class. " Konigsberg, Oct. 18, 1861. " WILLIAM." Countersigned by the Ministers. SPAIN. The Correspondancia of Madrid, of the 17th, states that, by the intervention of the Emperor of the French, England has adopted the views of France and Spain with regard to Mexico, and that • the three Powers are to act in common. It says that :their intention is to occupy for a time Vera Cruz and Tampico ; also that Spain is to supply two-thirds of the land forces which are to be em ployed, and England and France the other third. It adds that England proposes to the three Powers not to allow any Prince of the reigning families to accept the crown of Mexico, in the event of monarchy being re-established in that country. The Archbishops of Burgos and Santiago were to visit Madrid to receive from the Queen the car dinals' hats which the Pope has just conferred on them. THE REB_EZ COMMANDERS ON THE POTOMAC. The three principal rebel commanders on the Potomac, says a letter from the States, are General Joseph E. Johnston, commander-in-chief ; General Beauregard, who commands the second division ; and Gustavus W. Smith, who commands the first division, having recently been made a major general by Jefferson Davis. General M'Clellan, Federal commander, graduated from West Point in the class of 1846. General Smith, rebel, graduated in the class of 1842. He commands now the division formerly commanded by General J. Johnston before he was promoted to be commander in-chief. Smith, of course, outranks Beauregard. General Smith, as he is called here by the politi cians, was recently our " street commissioner." The way that he reached the latter local dignity is amusing. Smith was out in Mexico, and behaved bravely through the war. In 1854 he resigned the army, and shortly after your readers may remember to have heard of Peter Cooper. His Royal High. ness the Prince of Wales will never forget him, for he is the same old joker that led the Prince about on the night of the grand-ball, given in honour of the English Prince at the Academy of Music, and as master of ceremonies Peter would not permit the Prince to dance with any of the really lovely girls that the Prince wished to dance with, but made him dance with a lot of unexceptionable married women, none of them I believe under 45 years of age. Peter made his money in the patent glue business, and then bought iron-mines in New Jersey, and started a company called the Trenton Iron Company, and was chief engineer. About two Years after the brother-in-law of Peter became mayor, under the name of Tieman, and he appointed Edward Cooper, Peter's son, " street commissioner." Not being competent for the duties Cooper junior gave way in favoe t of Gus Smith, who really is great in anything he undertakes, whether it be soldier, engineer, or street commissioner. Now comes in a rich lo3al joke. Fernando Wood is and has been mayor_ or some years. He found that he could not control Smith, and determined to have him removed. This was easily achieved by a money arrangement with the " - --b im,r )"----a major part of the board o f aldermen, who vote for any measure whereby money can be made, and they share and share alike. About the time mayor Wood was) ready "to cut off the a u d n ir x e p a e a c e t d ed h l i y m w :_ alk „ e A d i. i r n . t m o t a h y e o m r, a — yo l r a ' head" of the new Major G enera l S m i th, the latter and d thus t s n o d ffi e r e s e t an you are about to recommend the hoard of aldermen to remove me from the office of street commissioner. Now I wish you to understand that I am in bad health. Ido notexpect to live a long life. Now, sir, I have a large number of friends all over the Southern States, and when I am removed they will all hear of it, and will all naturally suppose that I am removed because of incompetency or malfeasance in office. Now, sir, I shall not live long enough to explain to all my friends why I have been re moved, and therefore I have but one way left to vindicate my cause. The man that causes my re moval has got to die. Good morning, Mr. Mayor." He was not removed, and held the office two years after. I mention this to give an idea of the cha racter of Major-General Smith, who you know is now with his old friends Beauregard, Davis, and company. SUDDEN DEATH ON THE RlVER.—Yesterday morning Mr. Sergeant Payne, the coroner, received infor mation of tho following melancholy case of sudden death It appears that a pilot who had charge of a sloop had navigated the vessel from Gravesend, and had put into Queenhithe-wharf. Whilst walking aft of the sloop he was noticed to stagger twice, and then fell to the ground. Seve ral pascals rail to his as6istanct:7 who pawl up the unfor tunate man, who was then found to be insensible. A medical man was sent for, and life was pronounced to be extinct. The precise cause of death is at present unknown. An in quest will be forthwith held on the body,