The Sun. — London, England, 1825-04-06 00:00:00

sue, N it /". „,/, . ,i . Li ( NtrmßEß 10,161. AL T a_ _MEETING of the GENTLEMEN 'disposed to embark in the Undertaking of a RAIL_ ROAD between .NEWCASTLE and CARLISLE, held, at Newcastle on the 26th March, In consequence of the Resolu tions of a County Meeting in favour of that measure, ADDISON JOHN CRESSIVELL BAKER Esq. in the Chair, The following resolutions were unanimously adopted:-- That a Company be formed for the purpose of carrying into effect the measure of establishing a communication between Newcastle and Carlisle by a rail-road, which has this, day re ceived the sanction of a general meeting of the nobility, gentle_ men,, clergy, and freeholders of the county of Northumberland, and that such company be called " The Newcastle upon Tyne and Carlisle Rail-road Company." That the cdpital of the company be 300,000/., and be divided into 3,000 shares of 1001. each, and that 500 shares be reserved for the landowners on, or in the neighbourhood of, the line of the proposed rail-road. _ _ That T the prospectus no.w read, be adopted as the prospec tus of the company, and be advertised in the Newcastle, Car lisle,.and Durham newspapers, and in some of the London . newspapers. That books of Subscription be opened at the banks of Sir M. 'NV. Ridley, Bart. and Co., Meayss. Ralph John Lambton and Co., and. Messrs. Chapman and Co., and at the offices of Blesses. Clayton and of Mr. Adamson, in. Newcastle ; at the bank of .Messrs. Forster and Co., at Carlisle ; and in London, at the bank of Sir Wro..Curtis, Robarts and Co., and at the chambers of Messrs. Clayton, Scott, and Clayton, 6, New_ square, Lincoln's Inn. That a subscriber Cori° shares and upwards, shall be eligible as a director olthe company, and that as soon , ryr a board of 'directors shall be formed, a payment of 2i. per cent. on the sub seriptions shall be calledfor, on payment of which 'the shares shill/ be properly secured to the subscribers, and that all fu ture subscribers do make that advance at the time of subscrib 'lug, and. that no further advances be required until the plans and surveys shall have been completed, and an Act of Parlia ment obtained. • That the sums already paid by the subscribers to the previous 'inquiry, shall be deemed a part payment for their shares, in case they shall also become subscribers to this undertaking, and that the sums subscribed to the previous inquiry, and paid by indi viduals who do not subscribe to this undertaking, he repaid to them out of the funds of this Company. That a Meeting of the Subscribers be held at the Asdembly llooms,in Newcastle, on Saturday-the 9th April next, for the purpose of electing a Board of 12- Directors, whose numbers may be afterwards increased at thediseretion of the subscribers, and that such Board shall conduct the affairs of the Company, aided by. such Sub-boards as shall- hereafter be appointed by the subscribers; and at such meeting the officers of the. Com pany shall also be appointed. - That for the purpose of Ciis election_ and appointment, and on all other oecasims, a proprietor of 5 shares shall have one • vote, a prpprietor of 11/ shares two rotes, a 'in'oprietor of 15 shares three votes, and a proprietor 'of :20 shareiand upwards four votes; and such votes sliallPe given personally, except by Peers, CorporatellOdiesOleinbers of Parliament, Ladies, and , Subscribers to the amount of 30 shares, whose known agents shall be at liberty to vote in their names. NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE A ND CARLISLE RAIL. ROAD. • • P ROSPECTUS. The improvement of the communication between Newcastle upon-Tyne and Carlisle, or rather between the German Ocean and the Irish Channel, has occupied the attention of the Public at different periods during the last bay century.. The recent formation of a Canal front the Solway Frith to Carlisle has re vived the subject, and a strong feeling of - the expediency of completing the Line DlCommunteation has been excited; rime appearedsto be but one opinion as to the advantages' of the mea sure, and the only doubt entertained was, whether it would be best effected by a continuation of the Canal already formed, or by a rail-road communicating with it. During the summer Assizes of last year : a numerous and respectable County Meeting, convened by the liigh Sheriff of Nortlmmberland, was held at Newcastle, and. a Committee was appointed to inquire into the Practicability of imp/living the ex isting communication between. Newcastle antl_CaOisl . e, arid the comparative eligibility of e ff ect i ng that improvenient by a Canal or a rail-road. The Committee have since proceeded diligently in the per_ formance - of the duties- confided to them: They have-availed themselves of the advice and assistance of Mr. Chapman and Mr. Jesiop, civil engineers of eminence (the fbrnier possessing . considerable local information); and after a full investigation of the subject,-they have cl o s e d their tabours . by a report, in which they state their opinion, that the establishment of a.communica tion by a rail-road, between Newcastle and Carlisle, 4 is a un dertaking which will -be advantageous_twthose who may embark in it, at the same time that it is an object of great importance both to the landed and commercial interests of this part of the kingdop, and that eta execution will open a country rich in mi neral productions ? , and tend rmitcrially to promote agriculture, manufactures and commerce.' . This report was presented by Sir John Edward Swinburne, Baronet, the Chairman of the Committee, to a County Meeting, convened by the High Sheriff of Northumberland, and held at Newcastle on the 26th inst., when it was resolved, "That the meeting, concurring in the view taken of the subject by the Committee, consider the establishment ore communication by a rail-road between Newcastle and Carlisle an object worthy of the countenance of the country." Under these encouraging circumstances, the measure propos ed has been entered upon. It is strongly supported by the landed interests, united by the commercial and manufacturing interests at each extremity of the line of communication, and no doubt can be entertained of its being prosecuted effectually. It may with confidence be asserted, that there are few, if any situations in Great Britain which present a surer prospect 'Of success to such an undertaking: there are no existing canal interests to interfere with or to be injured by the proposed rail.. road ; the country on both sides of the line abounds in lead, coal, lime, and other mineral productions, the transit of which on different portions of•the line, independent.of that of mer chandise from one extremity to the other, has been estimated alone to produce a revenue sufficient to compensate those who may engage in the undertaking. At the same time, imperfect as is the present medium of communication, the carriage of merchandise between Newcastle and Carlisle is so considerable as to justify the confident expectation of a large additional return from that source, when the proposed facilities of con veyance shall he afforded. The whole line of way is pe culiarly fayourable for taking the•utmost advantage of steam power, abounding as it does with coal, which may be obtained at iicheap rate. The country, through which the rail-road is intended to pass, has been on former occasions more than once accurately sur veyed, with a view to a canal, which was then contemplated; but a minute survey has not Yet been made for the present purpose, nor has the pre c i se li ne o f t h e proposed rail-roa d b een d e fi n i te l y fixed, though Mr. Chapman and Jessop have both examin ed the country, and suggested their ideas on the subject. There is not, however, the slightest doubt but the line may he so ar ranged, that no annoyance or inconvenience Will - be attendant on the benefits which must be derived to those landowners through whose property it passes. The proposed line communicates with the Tyne at New castle, and terminates at the basin of the canal at Carlisle, and the whole length is 64 miles and a half. 'The expense of exe cuting the work h as b een estimated by Mr. Chapman at 252,408/. ; to this estimate Mr. Jessop has thought it right to make an addition of 40,0001., on account of th e a d vance i n th e price of iron, -and softe other circumstances, making in the whole 292,4831., which includes an allowance of no less a sum than 32,933/. for incidents and Unforeseen expenses: It is intended that the undertaking shall be placed under the management of a Board of Directors, assisted 'by such Sub boards as may hereafter be appointed by the sub scr ib ers . The capital required for the undertaking is 300,000/., di vided into g,OOO shares of 1001. each, of which one-sixth part is reserved for the landowners of the country through which the line pasSes. The capital will he placed under the controul of the Board of Directors, by whom the shares will be issued to the. Subscribers. An advance,of 21. percent. on the sum subscribed is required to be paid into the hands of the Bankers of the Company, to otfh Pe al: P l la ia n m s en tbtained. o the account of the Board of Dire c t ors, and the remainder will he called for at the discretion of the Boaradnd; Shuurtvenyosfsuhrtlerhaavd; been Nance co w ni til p l l b e e ted r : q a u n i d re a d n u A n c t t il Newcaatle-upon-Tyne, 26th Mar c h, 1820. ARMY HALF• PAY, &c. NOTICES having been given in the Gazette of the sd April, 1845, by order of the Right Ho tiourable the PAYMASTER-GENERAL, that the following SE RVICES, due•on the 241 h March, 1825, will be in COURSE. , 0 ,1" PAYMENT at the ARMY PAY-OFFICE, WHITEHALL, Q n THURSDAY, the 14th Of April, between the •hourt of 4{eren and Two o'Clock, the same will be paid on that day. accordingly, viz.:— : Half -pay to the Reduced Officers of the Land Forces., General Officers' Unattached Pay. Royal Bounty Allowances. • Retired Full and Half-pay. :Pay of Adjutants of - Loral Militia. Allowances to Reduced Adjutants and Serjeant-Majors of Foreign Half-pay. (.)CLETY. OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL MALL EAST. THE EXHIBITION for the SALE of the ,- WORKS of LIVING ARTISTS of the UNITED. it.INGDOM, is now OPEN to the Pithlie. Adittance Is:—Catalogue W. LINTON.' Secretary. GLOBE INSURANCE, PALL-11TALL AND CORNHILI., LONDON, FOR IRE AND LIFE INSURANCE, AND ANNUITIES. The C a pi ta l of this Company is One Million Sterling, which • has been all paid up, and is invested in Real or Government 'Securities. A LI , Persons w h o se insurances with this - 4 AL Company b ecome d ue at Lady-day. next, are requested . to take Notice; th at R ece i pts f or . t h e R enewa l t h ereo f are now t 644 1,. Y for d e li very at the Company ' s Offices, and in the Hands or their respective Agents in the Country. Insurances due at Lad r - claV must be paid on or before the 9th April next. . h i" e U elleml Half-yearly Meeting of the Proprietors will be - 0, (1 at the Company's Office in Cornhill, on Thursday, the 28th day of Aprilnext, at One o'Clock precisely. JOHN CHARLES DENHAM, Sec. CORNWALL and DEVONSHIRE TIN ~ COPPER, and LEAD 'MINING COMPANr. - -This m ulliany i,, forming to work several of the most approved, vat ' , i i i a ; - ' 4 ').e) and well-situated Mines in Cornwall and Devon ''''re, and which are already secured to the Company ; the 4 , l "eYs haying been made by Captain Richards sod Captain :r e, accompanied by a highly respectable agent from the t''',""Ts Plates and Maps Imre been prepared, and the ~,T h' E a ct, s*ned. The Capital iv at present ,C 500,000, with ,r1.,,:r) however, to increase the same, . The number of Shares . & II Thousand,. of OESO each. The deposit of £s will be : 4 9 , 4i ,''" ,1 Via-en the Shares are allotted ; and no application ' "e recei‘ved after Thursday, the 7th Instant. In the :an time, applications may himade at Messrs. Sir William rY, Bart. Price, 'Mat -rent, and Coleman's, Bankers, Man- L h( " tse- street ; o r a t Messrs. Sir John Perring, Bait., 7 '' 13. " her, and Co.'s. Rankers, Cornhill. Land JOHN WOOD, Secretary pro tem. o . 1, ..------ 1....................‘pril 2 . . 1525. tilsii cannot impress oni the minds of his best to l ast l.ri er"ls.. the Public, too strongly, that this is one . o l f . (1 ,. , 4, L;ppurtiinities to gai' a large Fortune by a small .ZUN I ' les must soon terminate for ever. ''' I TUESDAY ALL MUST BE DRAWN. „ PRIZES of Xin,ooo, with THIRTY oilier Capitals. an ; NO BLANKS—Every Number is sure of £ 5 at '.„ ' 4 '"'t, making a grand Total of £200, 0 00, '!'• va r ., ,A 11 NEX"fUESDAY, (12th APR IL). uni t 's of Numbers are on Sale at 13ISH'S Offices, 4, ; Thr ee k" i ' , , l , 9, Charing-Cross, where, in the short . s . pace . r last, h "Ills, viz. ill October, November, an , tcent 5 Shared and sold 5 ,478 .. a Prize of .. £30,000 J 5.766. ;. £30,000 s.o. 6,, 15 001 15 ,551; .13.....:T n And 28 minor Capitals. Ptieul• ever Y Lotte t ar drawn in April, BISI4 has been tn.)4 A LL ari n Y k! .( :. t i u nate in'selling Capitals. In one April lie 1k,,,, ar „ -, ' (tree £a9,000 Prizes—an event unparalled in '''''''s- Indeed, April has been designated .-------------..1-I'S LUCKY MONTH ! rial A l ? T.,hree V(l'illuill'ille)a7S7arlr Sea, price hoards, , ',L) by the O'HARA FAMILY; con- J, 4 , 1)n:dog Croboore of the Bill-Hook, the Fetches, i i•ond on% and ti oltrs , • Printed fur W. Sim kin and R. Marshall, .S!a -bt,,...1 - "All -court, Ludgate-street ; Oliver and Boyd, Ec1at ..,...e2; anti Hodge s and M'Arthur, Dublin. -- _ ripp, wEsTmENsTE R REVIEW. i ' SI XTHINIUM BER of the WESTMIN 4*, ..3 ER REVIEW , just published, contains as fol. ti . Law of Lihel itarred and Lib erty of th e Press—ll. The Works the ,z.ickSchlegel..---lII.On &lagneticAttraetion—lV. Rome lkt at • ineteenth• Century ; Italy and the Italians—V. Ex. sii i r b la ,a of Machinery—.Vl.. Tire Corn Laws—VU. Prison% 4. b , i "'son Discipline—Vlll., On Emigration; Advice to curigrants—lX. Bowlines Alcinoirs of Keruble—X. Conta ,,,,and Sanitary Laws. litr'uv44lslaTtl9AL NOTICES.— , Queen Hynde; the Irtr. Kayi er , rt!e; Impracticability of a North West Passage; 1-, s toronation of Georg e IV.; the Writer's Clerk ; a (~:in.nabservations on some Topics in Political Economy; In k! ,-n ~, . le's Travels i n C o l um bi a( Browne on the Differeir , I ~.?!,1(1011 : Publi s h e d b y Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy. ia,;',, , , l'e first Five Numbers having been severally reprinted -...„ ...... ..1 1 , 2211,f . any Bookseller. l a 41 0. 'lfirs Day was published, 1, fait IV. price Ps. embellished with Eighty Portraits, 4 ' :Ire ( ' ni Cimin o ! u. , ,ical order ; —viz. 20 of Queens, Prin. ' Q ', l ":,', and Illustriou s Females ; go Popes and Prelates ; t., A.Navigators and - Naval. Commanders ; and 20 Revola- A:0. , 1 , 1 1s and Political Partizans:" also with a variety of Ef .., Wood and Medallic Cuts, IN UNIVERSAL HISTORICAL DIC- Annt 'aces NY Explanation of the Nam . rs of Persons eksi. in the Departments of Biblical, Political, and Ec. liug;t:tl;t'al History, Nlythology, Heraldry, Biography, Bar i Yi Geogr.lidiy, and Numismatics. 41 4 By GEORGE CAIM, A.M. or o ' 4. an " enir ersa l Techn H ological Dictionary," and of 1., English Synonymes Explained." Acheda 44 tndo ti : Printed for Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy. il The Work 11 he I te.l in Twelve Parts, ptib• m o _ . , will COillp C 'atr a i t '''HIY ; and will contain 4!, P lates, comprising Roo 5...„ .....,,_!......1 (4 CUt s "l EUitrioug Persons, besides an immense number . _. t L, _ IN TERESTING TO LADIES.r4" Nolt A' S FINN: SANO OILS, • PAST tl l ee 'Pel ta • E, end LAVO CR EAM.--The valuable e dead v log laid dormant for some time, in consequence of t "oil legtle , of the Proprietors the Grand-daughter is induced, in 4 44 ti etu nc e of the numer'ous applications from the Nobility t 11, the tY ) to introduce those valuable Articles again. Sano aPerflolsalV invention to eradicate and prevent the growth of til'aid Ile 4, Hair, has been experienced by the first Nobility, atori et ) known to fail : sold in packets, containing . de tievalai. y l r at and phial, bs. Sano Paste the Proprietor par be,? againarnmends to Ladies as a most excellent preventa t lor e rid ; i the effects of the sun and any inclement weather, u aYor k i aig or after sea-bathing; it beautifies the hands Ir atti ;,,, a lly thing ever made known, and cleanses the skin *ii'"Purities,. and renders it delicately white and smooth, *ayelet' Ladies €',, r , O _eS will perceive, after using it one month they . will ,41.1 able retie on for any other addition ; it is also an Ines y for all scalds, burps, and chilblains. Lavo 44ea v il :' justlYaesteemed for its excellent properties, by adding e t ,.:-..r aordi e ' i ,!..r th e ,__ a o .ry clearness or fairness to the complexion; used `i , it i „ e u ' v eg . les or small-pox it will cause the marks to wear at,t in winter the hands or any other part from chapping, or Ving, " ' , and particularly agreeable to gentlemen after 0,, ,, itt h, a.,.‘!L.cools and heals the disagreeable remaining heat. rs t ti c rior I.,)9lntment by Messrs. Sanger, 150, Oxford-street Vi- t • Wiiii„,L er ca , 57, New Bond-street ; and by the Proprietor, t 4 ': , !re a L e T", 54, Gloticester-street, Queen-square, Holborn. 'erat er Ni -tnar be had, of the ProPrietor, Cold Cream and Me lt of superior qualities. \ 7. 4 01f,114 • ii, , . ), ,< :, 1 : ' A v 7 1 j 'l , k'S ' _,... _ . . 4 ,• • • -:: --. • i ' 01 1 ;: l y : '• ' ' -'-.-1;1-4".6%.,'s1:9,4r, :.,.•• - . ....T., A..r.... -,...., . -t& WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 6, 1825. THE COItN LAWS. lU.EIa AND. -- ..,..-- ( Fran the Liverpool Advo,'.:ier of Saturday last. ) A Meeting is about to be held in this town, for the purpose of petitioning Parliament for some alteration of the laws restraining the i mportation of foreign grain. We take ON THE STATE OF I II EL.k ND. the opportunity to state, as concisely as we can, what we be- • Here to be the effects of the present Corn Laws upon wealth of . R,I6TIARD SHELL, Esq. examined. the community. The wealth of the community arises solely What is your opinion of making a, Government provision for from its labour. There is no other means or source of wealth the Catholic Clergy ?—I am convinced that the Roman Catho than labour. The national wealth, then, must be most rapidly lie Clergy would accept of such a provision if Roman Catholic augmented, when the whole labour of the community is be- Emancipation were to precede it. stowed or expended to the best advantage. If, then, a certain Would they accept of it without emancipation ?3•LI am sure portion of the labour of the community, hestowed- on, ma- that they would not. nufactures, willeprodtreee by the, barter of those manufacturee, a , Do you think that it would cause any jealousy on the part of greater quantity of corn than that labour expended on the cule: the RomareCatholic Laity ?—I think that if the provision to tivation of corn could produce, it must be a saving of the na- be granted by Government were to be subject to the controul of tional wealth, or it must augment the national wealth to ex- Government, in individual cases there would be much j ea l ous y, pend that l a b our i n t h e production of manufactures, rather than because the appointment would he referred to unworthy motives; in the production of corn. Now it is certain that corn cannot I think the provision for the Roman Catholic Clergy must be be purchased from abroad but with commodities in the produc- 'made in its - allocation to individuals, independent of the Govern tion of which less labour has been expended than would have ment. been necessary to produce the corn at home; if, then, we import You think that it must be allocated to the duties, and not to corn, in place of producing it, we must save labour, we must the persona ?—I think there must be an allocation made to the save or augment the national wealth. If by laws we prohibit, duties, and the persons to be paid for their performances, must or throw obstacles in the way of this importation of corn, we he selected by the hierarchy and not by the Government; I dissipate the national wealth, or retard its increase. Suppose. ,thi n k it wou ld b e very inj ur i ous t h at a P ar i s h P r i est, rece i v i ng the Governm e nt to enact that the inhabitants of the West India three or four or five hundred a-year of the Treasury, should be Colonies hall be compelled to grow alltheir own corn, and rear , _named by Government. their own p rov i s i ons: the impolicy is glaring; we see at a glance Do you think Catholic Emancipation would be a perfect .that the labour of the Colonies would, in part, be diverted from measure without the payment of the Priesthood, and without a more to a less gainful employment. But how does tliis case raising the qualification for the exercise of the EleCtive Fran differ but in degree, from that of these count r i es b e ing corn- chise ?—With respect to the raising the qualification of free pelted to grow t h e i r own - corn ? it is precisely the same thing. holders, I am not, perhaps, very competent to judge, for . I If the Colo n i es could grow corn as che a ply a s t h e y ca n i m p or t h a r e no t res id e d muc h i n th e coun t r y p ar t s of Irel a nd, n o r a m •it, that is, at as small an - expense or sacrifice of labour, they I much acquainted with the lower orders, but lam well ac. would certainly not import. In like manner, we would not im- quainted with the Roman Catholic Clergy, and, in my opinion, port a single barley-corn, if we could produce as cheaply as we -if a provision were granted. to them; provided always it was could import. If we do import, - we do it because we can do it made independent of the Government (that is indispensable) advantageously. By prohibiting that importation, this advan- the result would he, that the lower orders would not be alien tage is taken from us ; the wealth of the community is more or ated from the Priesthood, hut that the influence of the latter less sacrificed. would continue to be usefully and legitimately exercised, that This general statement and conception of the matter is plain, they would be perfectly reconciled with the Government, and and most perso ns will assent to its justness when urged in this- that the Roman Catholic gentry would be induced to send the general and abstract manner; but when the question he put in younger members of their families into the Roman Catholic some other form s , the truth is not so easily discerned. Th e Chu rc h, a b e t ter sys t em o f e d uca ti on wou ld b e es t a bli s hed, a nd following st a t ement i s o f ten put forward on the other aide, and the intellectual. habits of the Priesthood would become more many assent to its plausibility. If the price of corn is raised refilled. to the manufacturer by the restrictive system, the producer of You mean, that the provision should he inalienable, after it corn is thereby ' only enabled to -b; the 'better customer to was once granted ?—_l mean that when a vacancy occurs by the _the manufacturer; h e gets a h igher price for his corn, the death of a Parish Priest (1 take the case of a Parish Priest as 'manufacturer puts a higher price for his goods; the matter is an example) the person who is to succeed is not to be selected thus equally balanced, and there is no loss. But that there is a by the Government; that is all I mean to say. Irthe appoint. 1031 somewhere, there can be no doubt. There is a waste °furore ment were to be made by the Government, two evils would re ,or less of the labour of the community, otherwise there is no suit; in the first pl ace , th e -l ower or d ers wou ld b e qu it e a li ena t e d :truth in wh a t h as b een sa id a b ove. Thi s l eads us then to con- from their Clergy (which would be a most serious evil); and eider the precise incidence of the loss, where or on whom it falls, in the second place, I conceive that unworthy persons would be The price of corn is not Of much importance to the manufac. appointed. curer as a consumer in his own person. As a mere individual. Bow is this appointment made at present P—The appoint consumer, the farmer suffers as much as the manufacturer by a merit of the Parish Priest at present is made by the Bishop. high price of corn,. since he must cat the dear corn as well as The Roman Catholic Bishop of the Diocese has the absolute the manufacturer. But the importance of a high or a low appointment to all the parishes within his diocese ?—Yes. price of corn is in regard of wages. If corn is high, wages Do you think any interference whatever, direct or indirect, must be high; and if corn be low priced, • wages will be low._ on the part of Government in the appointment of the Bishop, They, then, who conceive and urge this bllance of accounts would be equally objected to ?--I myself; at one time, sup between the farmer and manufacturer, must suppose that as ported what is commonly called the veto. My dpinion was, wages rise, the price - of the goods of the manufacturer rise also. that Roman Catholic Emancipation, or in other words, the But this is hot the fact : the manufacturer cannot raise the price 'liberty of my country, ought to be purchased. even at some of his goods in consequence of a rise of wages. It is plain that hazard; but I think the measure of a veto would (I will not a rise of wages, which is always general, does not affect the ma- say whether on just or unjust grounds) be extremely un nufactureronly, but all other employers of labour equally with popular. him. It affects, then, the farmer not less than the manu- Do you mean by veto, the giving the Crown an absolute facturer. If, then, the manufacturer were to say to the farmer, veto ?-1 do ; but I think any interference in the appointment in consequence of the rise of wages,l cannot afford my goods as . .of Bishops objectionable; I am not sure, however, whether in cheaply as before; the farmer, who is equally an employer of - the course of two or three years, when the- people had become labour, could reply, that the rise of wages affected him equally, : t habituated to the exercise of this restrictive power, the public and that, therefore, he could not afford to sell his corn on a r t y f ee li ng wou ld not b ecome, if not reconc il e d to i t, at l east lower term s . If the rise of wages raise price, then to the higher apathetic on, the subject; but I certainly arm apprehensive, that price to which we suppose corn to have risen,.in consequence of it the Government possessed, without- ever directly exercising the prohibitive system, and the consequent difficulty of produce this power some suspicions as to the rectitude of the motive* of tion at home, upon th e p roper so il s, to t hi s hi gher price, we say, men in Office interfering in the appointment of Bishops would the farmer would have it in his power to add still more in conse- exist, and that suspicion would in itself be an evil which ought quence of the rise of wages. As then wages rise with the price of to be avoided. corn,thisnew addition to the price of corn would again raise wages, ' When you express that the Ronian Catholics would consent corn, an dth a i n s d n t e h w is r a i u gmseote. wages would aga i n en t er in t o t h e pr i ce o f to the freeholder's qualification being considerably raised, you augmented price of corn would again raise wages, conceive it would be a general measure, extending to Protestants and so on ad infinituni, or a d absurdum, whichever yo u pl ease : as we ll as Catholics ?—Certainly ; if a distinction was taken, the thing is plainly impossible to be -conceived. To return, our elections would be scenes of religious agitation. then ; the rise of wages does not raise prices, but lower profits. ' But that the qualifications for Presbyterians, Dissenters, It can be no otherwise, since price is obviously constituted of e Churchmen, and Roman Catholi cs , should be th e same ? wages and profits, and since a rise of w ages cannot a l ter prices, Ye s ; and I think that when the election law is about to be mo. with a rise of wages profits must fall; there is- no other fund dified, it would not be injudicious, if persons having beneficial out of which the increase of wages can be paid. The precise chattels real, should be entitled to vote; a man with a lease for incidence, then, of the loss to the country, from a forced high .9P9 years, which yields him forty or fifty pounds a-year, should price of corn is no profits. It lowers the profits of all trade and have a vote. . manufactures, consequently retards accumulation, impedes the Do you think an arrangement of that kind, which would dis. progress of national wealth, and cramps the activity of national qualify persons actually in possession of that franchise, and induetry.—lt is a curious corollary from this reasoning, that which they had exercised, and never abused, would give satis_ the farmer is hiinself the first at least, if not the most, injured : faction to them ?—I think the great body of the people of Ire by a rise in the rise price of corn. The farmer is not properly land, particul ar ly the freeholders, are greatly swayed by the a labourer, but a capitalist, an employer of labour; his gain, is ' higher class. I am sure that Mr. O'Connell's influence is so profit, not wages. Now, as he in proportion to his capital is - great, that if Catholic Emancipation were passed, he would re an employer of much more labour than the manufacturer, and concile them to the surrender of that, which is to a great extent as with the rise of the price of labour, that is with the rise of but an imagin ar y r i g h t . wages profits fall, the f armer must suffer a loss of profit greater I Do you think h e wou ld- reconc il e .t h e Presbyterian Diesen in proportion to his ca pi ta l t h an the manufacturer suffers, , ters to it ?—There his influence would be without effect ; I much of whose capital is sunk in machinery, the profit on ; am not at all acquainted with the North of Ireland, and I can which is, of course, not affected by the rise of wages. True I not say how the Presbyterians would feel—but with respect to it ies,qucathapilisitlaelddy;taonbtoiangtaeyneuwtfleamyiceethntehhsies ib m sy a n n ow u t facturer has over the far- ? the - South of Ireland, I believe the tenant who has, by virtue prices, always mer in a rise of wages, may occasion a diversion of agricultu- 1 of forty shillings, a qualification to vote, would yield what is r h a e l a ll vm ae e r r ai s n o 1 r b e u; re a t. wretched appendage to his few acres of land without much delights in high an advantage from I Supposing another gentleman would arise, who took another them, that he will be slowe r to comprehend his true interest view of this from Mr. O'Connell, and should protest against than other capitalists •; and if he should even transfer his ca- the opinion of Mr. O'Connell, and should:hold that they were pital to manufacturing industry, or any other, lie at least, are in possession of this right ; that it was a right they had always we said before, is the first sufferer by the much-desired rise of exercised ; that they had never abused it, sonic person like Dr. the price of corn. All this seems, we acknowledge, a little pa-, Doyle for instance, do not you think lain might create a consi radoxical ; but, upon consideration, it will be found, we believe derable . I South f Ir e land favour of retaining party in t leo to be just. We are not unobservant of the fact, that in a rise , the elective franchise ?—I think not; I think, indeed, that of prices the holder of a lease will gain, perhaps, by the rise of the lower orders in Ireland can be easily influenced by an ap his produce more than he will lose by the rise of wa res till th peal to their religious feeling • they feel greatly irritete at see expiration of his lease. But we are to fix o tte e l ' ' h e ' " ' h u s p e o a n ve m u d l l u v e i h u a a t ls h ; b a er n t d y a to s Live franchise,point on which h d i o ch n o t t h leases are perpetually being renewed, studies upon the general interest, not u . r a. individual.; ion in t ese mg every e rotestant the f aney hc i a eic g rltiainp,mfbfirt-sthewl;' et passes t em their superior ;where is t e h y in a k re au so y re in ; di w vi i d th ua r l es w p o e u c l t d tobetlamehleeketo suppose the whole interest in leases being at any moment re excite any permanent feeling ; the subject is not naturally con newed as being permanent. On the ne - w leases the landlord nected with religion. will demand an augmentation of r the pri of o , ent, equivalent to the ris e o f B e i ng easily excited on subjects connected with religion,sup ce c rn, so as to wave the tenant in no better condition posing those to whom they looked up in religion were to consi than any other capitalist. The f • ' from . . . arming interest generally, der this a diminution of their influence, and were to protest then, so far having any interee '1 • s in ugh prices of agricule against it, do not you think the influence of persons who took Iproduce, h ' • • rural have, an especial interest the other way •itis in that view of the subject, might create a considerable impressi some degree more their interest than tl ' ' ' on? le interest or naanufac- —I think that the Roman Cathol i c of the lower orders , could tuning capitalists, that the price of corn should be low. The not he induced to think that his religion was endanged' by owner of the soil, then, is the only party in time community be- general modific a tion of the elective iranchise. On the sub•ec a nefitted by the restrictive system. The poorer soils, from which of the Veto, the Clergy have naturally exercised a ver • co j nsi t no rent was yielded, which were not, perhaps, cultivated at derable influence ; but there is no such connection 3 he al], are taken into cultivation, and come to yield a rent • tween the elective franchise and religion, which would ' while the rents on the better soils are necessarily 'of . . _. greatly any man the means exciting the religious passions on that augmented. This is the poor advantage the count reaps ground. from a system which impedes the progress and prosperity ofoccurredrecently, in Have not cases every department of its industry. The injustice of Um: toxin g which the influence of the Priest has been v y },really . exerted? the whole comm un ity f or the advantage of one class is suffi- No d übt about it ; but the influence of theer-P Emancipation, elections ciently appare n t. b u t it i s even worse than this. If the inte- ° from the question of Roman Catholic rest so favoured were o f grea t value to the moral frame of the a n r on es e other. It is in reference to that question that it and society (as perh a p s the landed interest is in fact), a tax mightlively exercised. If a Priest came forwardat la exclu be submitted to, if it took no more front the pockets of the directed the people not to rote for an ma who would not sup contributors than was necessary for the object in view but it • t reform, the people port Parliame y_ would not listen to him ; is not so of this tax. A portion only of the tax finds '. tells them not to vote for into the pockets of the landlords ; the rest is utter hiss, i b ts way but when h h e e c t atholic Claims, he makesanayn man who will not son of the ill direction of the labour ;—and with every descent suppor . t . t e _, is 'ustified by reason and soundappeal, which, in ense Ile could to poorer soils, to which we are forced by the prohibitive sys- Iny opinion, p j roduce any impression on the not,lowera orders, ex tern, more and more labour being . necessary, and being bun' some subject immediately involving profitably employed, the proportion between the gain Cif the' crept on d collaterally connected with it. C religious ques andlord and the loss of the community becomes more striking lion, h a e n sai apt , d ce do not vote for any man who will vote for the in favour of the latter.—Such is a slight sketch of the eel! of a r edisqualifying of the freeholders " would not he our Corn Laws. Now, when a spirit of knowledge pervades the it n i n on i 1 1 am sure he would , not; and lam sure an lin. Government, in regard of all things tending to the national • would feel no interest in the subject, and would n re t . e priests wealth, it will be strange if this evil be suffered in its present In the county of Dublin the clergy exercised influ o e t t interfere. magnitude. Its giant bulk makes other i mpediments, which last election, but it was on a subject in which the clergy at the the path of are now being removed from the national prompeel d ommon concern—, besides th e • and people la a c , . ~ easslollB of. the city, seem but of dwarfish size. It can hardly be doubted, ipresent extremely innammahl ,people are at e T : 1 • ...t s oniv that our liberal Ministers would gladly overthrow it if they necessary to apply a spark to set them on fire b u t - ' might ; but the time of their power to r do 8° i s Yet, we fear, .now it would be impossible to excite the people on ; a sub'een hardly arrived.—Meanwhile, it is , t i hrotig 1 the influence of pub n ot involvin g their relieion, and if emancipation w ject - n were passed ' speedily pr •.1 lic opinion that those who desire te change will best' advance different feeling would spec Mil , anti the p ower 1. their object: a film and general or public opinion of the advati- excitation would be diminished, because the popular passionos to es and necessity of the repeal the corn laws will be goed would be allayed. reason and support to Minis , Leis when they shall '- ' eetemi the J. Sepposirg the . cml. isa 1 an Catholics were time fitting for the experiment- removed, and that in a county election• th •ere were two can < f • i. • EXTRACTS FROM THE EVIDENCE GIVEN BEFORE THE SELECT COMMITTEE OF TUE HOUSE OF COMMONS, 6 ~`: ~' .~.yT... .__? #l,‘ , ' PhICE SEVEN PPNCir. • - dates, a Protestant and a Roman Catholic - , do not you , think it would be possible for the priest to make a very strong appeal to his flock in favour of the Roman Catholic candidate ?---Ile might make an appeal, but I think it would be unavailing; there would be an end to their political resentments. Even now the Catholic priests are in the most cordial intimacy with Pro testants ; they perpetually dine with ..them ; habits of 'close friendship exist between the Roman Catholic priesthood and the Protestants ; there is no individual distaste towards the Pro testant existing in the mind of the Catholic Priest ; he feels 'no antipathy only_to the system by which lie anti his countrymen are kept in what he considers a state of degradation. , Then the existence of civil disabilities has created no disgust between the Roman Catholics and the ProteStants •thinkr •L where the Protestant Gentry do nit oppOee, 011)1'014c Itniano -- path :0k the Prie s t s an d t h ey are upon a good footing ; but that? *here a Protestant Gentleman opposes Catholic EmanciPation he at once becomes an object of antipathy to the priesthood, in common with the rest of the Catholic community. • You do not mean your last answer then to apply generally, as describing the state of reeling ?—No; I confine it of course to what we call liberal PtoteStants, to whom the Priests entertain a partiality. What are the others called ? -They are classed under thet comprehensive name of Orangemen ; some, of course, are'rnere conspicuous for their hostility than others, and incur a corre. spending aversion. You make a distinction between a than who is an Orangeman and a man who is tinctured with Orangeism ?—There are some •professed Orangemen, men who make Orangeism a matter of boast ; they are extremely obnoxious. Others, who merely op pose Catholic Emancipation, are looked upon with feelings of more mitigated aversion. As the admission to Parliament, in case of the question Of (.7a. tholic Emancipation being carried, could be granted m ere ly to Catholics of th e hi g h er orders of society, are you of opinion such a boon granted to them would be a reasonable ground,. or a' probable ground of satisfaction to the lower order of freeholders, for the loss of the elective franchise, if the amount of the qua lification be raised, and 40s. freeholder be done away with P—l am convinced of it. Would not the circumstance of granting Emancipation re move all prejudices that might exist in respect of the alteration of the qualification of freeholders ?—I am convinced it would. • Have you read the statement of Mr. Burke on the subject of the elective franchise, where he describes the value of it to a. poor man ; do you recollect the argument urged in 1793, th at there was actually a distinction made in the letting of land be tween Roman (3atholics and Protestants : that the Roman Catholic was never courted by a rich man who was his neigh bour, but that the Protestant received civility from him in re-- turn for his vote; and that a great practical distinction arose in consequence of the disability under which the Roman Catholic laboured recollect the argument was used, and I think. if there were only a few freeholders that iirgunient would hold good ; but where an immense number of freeholders can be made by a single person (I think the Earl of Glengal has made 2,000 freeholders in. the county of Tipperary), there is then an end of the prerogative which a freeholder is supposed to possess. The peasantry are driven in droves of freeholdere to the hustings --they must obey the command of their land,- lord ; it is only in cases of peculiar emergency; and where their: passions are powerfully excited, that a revolt against the power, of the landlord can take place. In the county of Dublin there are two strong reasons why, at the last election the tenant did not obey the landlord. The first was, the intense interest which was telt in Catholic Emancipation; and in the second place, die peasantry were put, by their utter misery, arising from the f a ll of prices, beyond the landl or d' s power; the land lord could not injure them, for they had nothing to lose ; they had no interest in their lands, and the argum en t put to t h em by Mr: O'Connell. was this--It' you disobey your landlords, what will be the result ? They must seek for other tenants ; where will they get them ? At the i%lendicity Association in. the city of Dublin. - Do you think a powerful appeal might be made to the people on this ground, supposing the arrangement which you think on the whole a desirable arrangement, were to be carried into effect; here is an arrangement made by Parliament, the effect of which .is to open Parliament arid :.Office to the upper classes of the Roman Catholics, but the compromise required on your side is, that you, the great mass of the people, who never sit in Par. liament, and to whom office is no object, are to be deprived of the only privileges that, practically, you are likely to enjoy ?-I do not think any efficient appeal could be made among the lower order of the Roman Catholics (independently of some points in which I think their interests arc deeply concerned) a feeling of wounded pride is excited by the state of the law; they think that they belong to a degraded caste; this semi ment operates strongly upon them, and a mere imagination on their part will produce practical results, just as perniciqus as if the grievance were admitted to be as substantial as I am dis. ' posed to think it. To return to the question put to me, I con.: ceive that the Roman Catholic freeholders - would be reconciled, by the ascent they would make in the political scale, to the de. privation of what is in reality no substantial enjoyment. They would purchase equality with the Protestant servant and me chanic, at the expence ore useless vote. If they argue so sensitively on points of this nature cannot they argue equally sensitive on this point; or may not a person make 'use of that argument to dissatisfy their minds with this arrangement, by which they are the only losers ?—I do not think that any person who engaged in such an enterprise would succeed. When the qualification of a freeholder is raised,there is an incentive to honourable exertion given to the peasant. You do not tell him that he shall never vote ; but you tell him that, in order to exercise this privilege, he must require an in, terest of five or ten pounds a-year ;he has always hope before him. The Roman Catholic peasant would not consider himself as deprived of any valuable possession; most of the peasantry would expect to be able, by industry, to raise themselves at last to the necessary qualification ; a freehold would then become an object of ambition, and would be a real and honour. able privilege. • Will not the Catholics, in case emancipation is carried, consi der that measure as merely conferring advantages upon the upper orders P.—Certainly not. Will it be to them and by them considered as a measure con ferring advantages upon themselves P—They think it will con fer great advantages upon themselves-, and it will, in my opi nion, confer those advantages. Do they talk much about tbe question, or take much interest in it ?—lt is, I understand from those who know them best, the subject which chiefly occupies their attention. Do you mean among the lower orders ?—Yes, among the lower orders. Why are they to be considered as disqualified from exercising the elective franchise, if they are in the constant habit of talk ing on elective matters ?—They all know the power of their landlords. The landlord requires a very high rent, which, generally speaking, the tenant is not able to pay, and if the tenant disobeys the landlord at the election, he will not of course take into account the inability of the tenant to discharge his rent but will immediately distrain him. The peasantry, therefore, have no discretion on the subject. Deducting that influence from the landlord, you think that from their general intelligence they are capable of making a proper distinction between the individuals who are candidates for the county, and thus exercising their elective franchise ? ,etihecattons in They may be qualified to form a judgment upon the Catholic Question, which is a subject that touches them nearly; they have perpetual opportunities of observing and feeling the prac tical evils that result from the penal code ; and they are there. fore qualified to judge upon the fitness of an individual to sit in Parliament, so far as that question in concerned. It is upon that question only that they now exercise any opinion. What do you think would be the effect of a law, which would raise the qualifications of a twenty-pound freehold ? would it be to throw more power into the hands of the Protestant voter than he at present possesses ?—I am not very well qualified to give an opinion on the subject ; I have heard among Cathclice themselves, a great dissent of opinion with respect to it. I he, lieve that in sonic counties it would operate in one way, and in other counties in a different way ; but I am sure of this, that freeholders, whose qualification was raised, would be quite free from religious prejudice, and would be disposed to consult their own individual interests in giving their votes; without any sort of reference to the particular form of Christianity professed by any candidate. You think there would he no partiality on the part of a Ro man Catholic voter, in favour 'of a Roman Catholic candidate —I think that after a year, or some such short period, after the question had been carried, no such partiality would be mapifest, td. I know that at first there might be some ebullition of popular sentiment ; even now, a Protestant, entertaining opi, r i e s ga ra rd t e s rather with r o nyr n e it a lo v e o ay u eß rL o b m l l e aan t toncthagetuhßiatieOicaLlaivitecaedthpocol that l c : al Claims, et Ireland, be decided by higher personal and political qualifica, tion et i e d by t h e „ eeeti d a tece of wealth and rank. • ~'