The Sun. — London, England, 1856-08-16 00:00:00

HE 1 t MAJESTY'S THEATRE. LAST FAREWELL NIGHTS p.t REDUCED PRICES. PICCOLOMINI— ROSATI—LE CORSAIRE. THIS EVENING (SATURDAY), August 16, positiTely the LAST NIGHT. LA TRAVIATA. Violetta, Mdlle. Piceolornini. After the Opera, the NATIONAL ANTHEM ; the solo parts by Male. Piecolomini , Finoli, Signor Belletti, Herr Reichardt, Charles Braham, Signor Rossi, Signor Bene ventano, assisted by the chorus and the whole strength of the company. To conclule with the new grand Ballet of LE COILS HIRE. Medora, adarne Rosati. Reduced Prices :—Three Pair, 11. Is, Two Pair, 1/. lls. 6d. pit and One Pair, 2/. 12s. 6d. Grand Tier, 3/. 3s. Pit, ss. G a llery r3o7u.s, 15s. Gallery Stalls, ss. Gallery Side Stalls, 3s. 6d. Gallery, 2s. 6d, No free list. Doors open at seven; the opera commences at half-past. TILEATRE lIA.YMARKF.T. Under the Management of Mr. BttekstonS. Tlll3 EVENING, SUE STOOPS TO CONQUER. After which The Spanish Dancers. Followed by TILE LITTLE TREASURE. To eon:Jude with ROYAL THFATRg ADELPHI. Propriator and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. Directress, Madame Celeste. TTIIS EVgNDIG. IRBIL ASSURANCE AND YANKEE MODESTY. Followed by DOMESTIC ECONOMY. After whch, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. To conclude with OUR GAL. aoy p•ktivo,pl , ..v. tiir_IA.TRK, OXFORD-STREET. Under the VanAgement of '4r. CumiLics KERN. TDB EWEISINTG, MUSIC 'TIT CHARMS. After which. TIE WISTER'S TALE. STR THEATRE. Manner, Mr. T. Payne. T GIS EVENING, TTIAT 11013 SE IN 111 G "I STREET." Messrs Stuart, Cooke. Basil Potter, and Kinloch; Mrs. Woollldge, and Miss Isabel Adanas. THE EROS , -BOW LETTER. In which 11 r. Sidney and Miss Thirlwall will appear. MAID OR WIFE. Mr. Van Buren, Mr. Kinloch, and Miss Lucy Elmorthy. To conclude with INS AND OUTS. Messrs Sidney, Herbert, Howard ; Miss I. Adams, Miss Palmer Commence at half-past 7. ROYAL nr,YMPIC THEATRE. Lemee and liana:cr. Mr. Alfrei Wigan. T 111 EVENING TIIE GREEN-EYED MONSTER. After which, MEDEA. To conclude with THE WELSH GIRL. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Maneter, Mr. Win. Cooke. THIS EVENING. Shakeapere's RICDARD THE THIRD, compressed into 3 acts. Introduction of Mr. W. Cooke's stud of highly trained horses—Death of White Surrey—Grand tablean of eight noble steeds lying dead in " the Rattle of Bosworth Field," with other stupendous equestrian erects. After which, A series sf novel and interestiog ACTS of HORSEMANSHIP In the ARENA, with a variety of other pleasing and amusing entertain ments. Box-office open frmn Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. Equestrian Director. Mr. W. Cooke, inn. lima WATER• AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAT—Morn. 47 rain. aft. I—Evening1—Evening 8 min. aft. 2 Tn-g,nßßow—Morn.3o min. aft. 2 —Evening 25 min. aft. 2 Taß WEA.THER--Strii Ornoz, AUGUST 16, TIIIIIIMOMETSB, IN THI SHAD& 75 —highest singe noon yesterday. sr) —lowest this morning and during the Right 73 —this day at noon. 3ARourris-29•98. WIND, S.E.—Light, with cloudy weather. emtinental rulers by far iuhe least important. Russia and Austria are the •only powers who now aim at conquest. Each of these would like to protect country after country by occupations and garrisons, till they droppel co•mpletely into their rapacious hands. ProhaV y, 'however, this pro cess is now put a stop to, - .!or some time, at least; but huge standing armies a 3 not put a stop to, nor can they even be while his own subjects are he dread of every despot. The worst is, that if a despot happens to he pe rsoually a better man than usual, it is almost icipossible for him to alter the habits of the sub-despots in office who did his father's work, and, even if he could effect this, and content his people, he finds all his neigh- bour despots jealous of him, and that his better government then needs the. - protection of a power ful army. The latter case :is, however, an almost purely imaginary one. From the time of the Greek Tyrants, to the present day, despots who begin with popular measut es, end much in the style of the Tyrants of Tuscany and Naples. It is, of course, difficult to come at specific cases of oppression, in the countries lying under the Austrian yoke especially, or, indeed, in any of the countries where absolutism is the order of the day. Few dare to tell or to complain of what they suffer., Numberless incidents show, how ever, more or less directly, how intolerable must he the oppressions practised in Italy and Hun gary. All the classes whose wealth or education should make them the reliance of any Govern ment are the classes most feared, because most capable of appreciating their own wrongs and the stolid brutality of their rulers. Even the work ing-classes, however, share the co mmon hatred, as is evident from the way in which FELICE OR six' escaped, and in which AlAzzu tI can".travel in safety all over the country. The. continued in flux of troops points the same wavy. By a letter which appeared in The Sun on tatursday, from GARIBALDI, it appears that when he left Rome ANGELO BRUNETTI, a man in favour both with Papal and Republican citizens, and accused of no crime whatever, had left with hint. GARIBALDI has misssd him ever since. He has just ascer .ained, however, that, with six other unarmed - persons, "he was shot at Gmtrarina, near the mouth of the Po, by Austrian soldiers, commanded by an officer of the Imperial family►." These bru tal cowards are continually adding to their odious reputation for bravery of this kind. In Hun gary, according to a recent letter from a person who justifies the hanging of one of " KOSSIITECS agents," and who, therefore, cannot be sup- posed to be very hostile to Austria, " the conduct of the Emperor and of his Minis ter, Bach, is as bad towards unhappy Hungary as that of the King of Naples is towards that wretched country. Hungary is treated as a con quered country, pillaged and insulted. To begin with the former. Soldiers are sent into the vil lages, who are quartered on all the inhabitants, except on the nobles who are in the employment of the Emperor. They insult the people, they break all furniture, and throw out of window anything they do not think good enough for them. If the weather is cold, they break up the floors and sides of the rooms for fuel, and take the thatch off the houses to light the fires ; and for any insults that are offered to men or women not the smallest redress whatever can be obtained. The taxes are levied at the will of the tax gatherer. On asking for an explanation of this, my informant, a nobleman in moderate circum stances, told me that the last demand made upon him by the taxgatherer exceeded that which had ever previously been made. He remonstrated with the head officer, and the only answer ho re ceived was, that if the sum was not immediately paid some of his goods would be seized and sold ; yet this gentleman has some relatives and friends connected with the Government, both in Hun gary and at Vienna. The peasants, and, indeed, a l l, are compelled to pay a capitation tax for every child, as well as for themselves, of a florin a-head. They pay also a direct tax of a florin for every beast used in husbandry, and for every sheep, and for every pig, while the horses of luxury which the rich gentry and nobles keep are not taxed at all. One farmer to whom I spoke had six children, four oxen, 30 pigs, and 100 sheep ; he paid, therefore, including himself and wife, a direct tax of 146 florins." The ladies appear to be most successful in outwitting their oppressors. " The ancient colours of Hungary are three stripes of green, red, and white. The first has been erased from their banners. At this all are furious, and even those in the employment of the Crown barely conceal their indignation, for there is probably no people so madly attached to their country as the Hungarians. To avenge end resist this insult as much as they dare they leave rwourse to all kinds of ludicrous devices. Among others, in one town I was told of three young ladies who walked together arm-in-arm, one in a green dress, one in a pink, and another in a white, amid the applause of the people and the consternation of the Austrian officers. A lady had just received from Paris a new bonnet with a wreath of very sua , tll re I and witie roses, which hrd, of course, some green leaves ; in this she was at the opera, when an Austrian officer stared at her, and at it in so offensive a manner that her husband took such notice of his conduct as compelled him to desist." It is obviously impossible that Austria can reduce her army till she can learn to govern through and for the people, instead of against them and for the POPE and the HAPSBURGS. With modifications the same may be said of all the German and Italian despots, The Empire in France, of course, rests upon suppressed or banished intelligence and a fettered Press, and upon an omnipotent army. Nothing, however, is more objectionable to Mr. COBDEN than Eng lish intervention on behalf of the peoples. He must, however, chose his altornati ve—costly standing armies both here and abroad, or Go vernment by and for the people on the omitinent. Ho can only get rid of the " Protection " of standing armies by universal " Free Trade " in Government. We would once more impress on fisc - d and ;Ito notary refcaniers the vast importance of 4 :urnitty the interval that must elapse before the ineet.ing of Parliament to profitable account. Should they appear lukewarm or indifferent the income tax will be maintained in all its oppressive iuequality, and the Old Lady of Threadneedle street wilt ' e - mtinue to paralyse the industrial energies of the country. No concession will be made in either case, unless it be enforced by the earnest pressure from without. We shall still find the hard-working professional man, clerk, or tradesman, who earns his day bread :t . )3r his lablur, charged as STAMPED EDITION OF " THE SUN." The Latest Edition of The Sun, Stamped, time for Post, may always be had from ha' past 5 till 7 o'clock every evening. Subscribers in the Country will please to observe that the heading " THIRD EDITION" is always to be seen on the papers containing the latest news. If any difficulty be experienced in obtaining that Edition, a communication to The Sun Office will remedy it. Sum Office, 112, Strand. - (‘;43_ ialt, LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 16, 1856, Mr. COBDEN was never more in the right than when he made European disarmament the basis of very large army and navy reduction. From the Atlantic to the Ural Mountains, from St. Peters burg to Naples, the Continent is covered with soldiers. They are numbered by hundreds of thousands, and are in constant practice for field service ; and to preserve their equipments in the moat efficient state is a great study of the States. Allowing for every reduction from the offensive power of these force, , , it would be madness not to have such a garrison behind our wooden walls as could give a proper reception to any foe wh, might by good luck break through them. Wh. night and steam-power exist over-confidence is , simply folly. Some two or three millions of men who are in service, or have seen it, with the irre sistible conscription as a further reserve, and all these in the hands of despots, every one of whom cordially hates our political institutions and free dom, are a danger no statesman dare overlook. We are not advocates for an over large army, even in the face of all this, but we do think it essential that we should have a thoroughly good one. That officers of science as well as courage should supplant the men of courage only, that promotion should be thoroughly opened to all class s, that men should not enlist f)r a shilling a day only, but for the certainty of merit and ability being rigidly noticed and rewarded. Au (ffective army should be, like the army of ancient Rome, one in which there is the fairest field for the full development of military genius. Abolish the martinet domination of a Field-Marshal who has never seen active service, send the DUGAN'S, and CARDIGANS, and AIREYS to their conntiy seats, give full play to the WILLIAMSES and WINDH OIS, and the numerous men of ability who literally wither under 111: " co'd shade" of the young promoted DOWBIGGLNS, and we believe the native genius of England con 'd furnish such a host of generals and officers, as well as men, as would lead and equip a compara tively small army in A style never yet wituesa - .1. Even the great captain was no C/ESAR in one se spect. He was a thorough aristocrat, a "cold" one. He knew nothing of C-ESAR'S arrangements, by which every man downwards to the ranks was sure that his ability, as well as his courage, would not fail of its reward. But we were led to advert to continental armi. by the circumstance which necessitates them. I highly as the fortunate owner of a godly sum in Mr. COBDEN has to show US the way t) g et ti- ! ,-, the Three per Cent. Consoi,, or of 1 , • sve i.-circuol (lateral reduction and flisarmainent li. I rop, cli. -•1 chief rents, alt)ouczli the .- 3:11.>. —Arndt( pa y.neits m . y o It needs no skill in m athematics to underAarfitexhausi. ( -- :,very shilling that the former possess , :-, that a proportionate reduction from the' presanf while it would be but a trifling deduction from -4 .'.e standards would leave all parties where they ar o rel.iised property of the ltter. for foreign objects ; and that, were all the Statcs, Contrast the p47)sitioms of a hard-working liar for instance, this year, boldly to reduce their • rimer, or medical man, or country clergyman i n armies ene half, they would be all relatively in ; receipt of 3001. per annum, with that of the ownzr the same position as they now are. But here i of 10,0001. Government 3 per Cents. The former is comes the difficulty. Foreign objects are to the . - 1 tied to a particular, and, generally speaking; an ez" THE SU:N., LONDON SATURDAN EVENIANO 3 AUGUST 16, ths6, nothing wanting on the part of the Irih people, and that all they do should command tie respect of free-born Englishmen. On the contrary, there is much of which we must disapprove, and chief of all that baffling of justice, to which he peasant population are still unfortunately addited. Eng lish patience, however, should not grumble if called upon to discharge her " perfee work" in in connection with Irish improvement when it is remembered to what a depth of misery and de gradation poor Ireland had fallen order British sway, and from which she has had t• rise. For rising she certainly is—riser indeed won derfully. Agitation is as good as d3funct, labour is improving in the market, the peasantry are fed and housed, and crime is vastly de,reased. What is best and most hopeful. of all is, the prosperity which opens before her is based, ald being based, on the most stable foundations, It is not, and will not be, the result of chance, but of well- directed endeavour. It has beer the curse of the Irish people to have their best gils—to wit, their quick susceptibilities and ardent imagination— made instruments of their undoing ; and as if to associate the land more closely vith the people, to the very richness of the neglected soil and tho abundant moisture are attributable the waste o bog that disfigures and renders less prolific her picturesque surface. It is now the blessing o the Irish people that by equal laws the curse is being removed, and by justice to the land it is being rescued from waste and its exceeding fer tility insured. The soil of Ireland is being drained. Since 1646 ; Lord CA.RLISLB tells us, on official authority, 176,000 acres have been drained by the Board of Works, and he imagines more than double that area by private hands. What an extent of progress do not these figures present ? Yet how small an item of what during the last twenty years has been done. In this period—we have it on the same authority—more than a million of Irish acres have been reclaimed from waste. "In 1841," says the noble lord, "to eight millions of people there - were thirty millions of cultivated acres in Ireland. Now, perhaps more than one million has been subtracted from the population, and more than a million of acres has been added to our cultivated area." We should have preferred a coincident increase rather than decrease of the population ; but we must take matters as we find them, and content our selves with what improvement is to be met with. To this rescue and permanent improvement of the land we have to add an increase of cultiva tion and better adaptation of crops ; for, thanks to the admirable statistics furnished by the con stabulary force, we are not left in the dark on these heads. The returns for the year, not yet given to the public, show, we are told, an increase on the growth of wheat of 83,683 acres ; on the growth of green crops of no less than 114,744 acres, and of flax—for which the soil is admirably adapted—of 65,573 acres, against which, how ever, is to be set some decrease in oats and barley. Coincident with this, we find an increase •n the number of horses of 18,000, on the num ber of cattle of 25,000, and of sheep of 90,000, against which is to be set an apparently large de crease, 250,000 head of pigs—apparently, we say, because it is thought the decrease is not real, but arises from the returns being made up sooner than usual. , A destructive war is, at the same time, being carried on against weeds, which are being rooted out with relentless hostility. These statistics, to whatever extent satisfactory, do not, however, be it remembered, accurately represent the progress that has been made. Time is re quired before the results of the extensive drainage that has been effected can be fully realised. Enough, however, has been set before the reader, we trust, to convince him that Ireland is on the high road toprosperity, and that as she becomes a more and more integral portion of the empire her value must increase. The people of England have by no means a superabundance of ani mal food, and there is every reason to look forward with hope to a period when, from the green hills and vales of the sister isle, will be poured into this country the supply we need, to the advantage of both countries ; so that, while Ireland prospers, through that prosperity and along with it our over-worked population shall be fed. It will be a bright day for the empire when the resources of Ireland are fully developed. May neither imperial misgovernment nor domestic broils impede the advent of that long-looked-for cperiod Amongst the fashionable arrivals at the Granby Hotel, Harrowgate, are his Grace the Archbishop of York and the Hon. Mrs. Musgrove, Lady Ross, General and Mrs. Godby, Miss Godby, Major and Mrs. Msgenis, Colonel and Mrs. Little and family, Colonel and Mrs. Richard sop, Major Cookson, George Macartney, Esq., M.P., Rev. Godfrey Wright, Rev. T. B. Wright, lady and family, Captain Pearse, Colonel Brooke, Mrs. Colonel Dickenson, Charles Dnyne, Esq. and lady, Miss Payne, Hawkins F. James, Esq., Miss James, W. Rhodes, E q., Mrs. and Miss Browne, Mrs. O'Connor, Went worth Esck, Eiq., &c., &c . Mr. Disraeli, M.P., with his family, has arrived at Spa. The actors of the celebrated theatre of Inkerman have just arrived at Paris, and intend giving representations shortly at one of the principal theatres. The President and Fellows of Magdalen College, Ox ford, have presented the Rev. J. B. Morris, 8.D., to the vicarage of Old Shoreham, and the Rev. 11. Smith, M.A., to the vicarage of New Shoreham, Sussex. The Bishop of London has licensed the Rev. J. Ran dall, M A., late vicar of Great Malvern, to the incum bency of Eaton Chapel, King's-road, Chelsea. The last accounts from Hungary are highly encou raging as regards the vintage, the vines being so laden with fruit that the like has not been seen within the memory of "the oldest inhabitant." On the 24th of this month the Count de Paris is ex pected to publish a political manifesto, on the occasiou of his arriving at the age of royal majorities. It is gener ally believed that the manifesto in question will be writ ten by M. Thiere. DEATH OF DR. BUCKLAND.—We have to announce the demise of the Very Rev. Dr. Buckland, Dean of Westminster, after a lengthened illness which had long withdrawn him from a sphere of public useful. ness. He died at Clapham on on the 14th inst., in the 73d year of his age. THE EARL OF CARDIGAN.—We learn that a sump tuous entertainment is intended to be given to the Earl of Cardigan, at Leeds, on Saturday, the 30th inst., on the occasion of presenting to his lordship a superb sword and an address by the inhabitants of the county of York, to commemorate his loriship's con spicuous gallantry at Balaklava and in the Crimean campaign. THE LATE MADAME VESTRIS.—The funeral of the late Madame Vestris took place on Thursday morning at Kensal-green Cemetery: The funeral was of a perfectly private nature, there being only one mourning coach, in which were Mr. Charles Mathews, the physician at tendant upon the deceased, and Mr. Morison, a friend of the deceased. THE OLDEST AUSTRALIAN CoLONIST.—The Melbourne papers report the death, of one Henry Waller, aged 62, the oldest Australian emigrant, he having resided in that colony 37 years. It is melancholy to find that Waller expired suddenly from a heart disease, induced by excessive FLOGGING AT THE tuARYLEBONE WORKHOUSE —Yes terday, at the weekly meeting of the guardians and d.- rectors of the poor of Marylebone, Mr. Rae, the seers • tary, read a communication from the poor law board, in which the commissioners informed the guardians that in consequence of statements respecting the flogging of certain female inmates of the house at the bands of the master, Mr. Byom, and the two porters, Green and Brown, they (the commissioners) had directed Mr. R. B. Cane to make a strict investigation into the who/.e circumstances. ATTEMPTED MURDER AT DARTMOOR PRIRON.—One cf the convicts confined in Dartmoor Prison, named John May, has been committed for trial at the Devon County Gaol, charged with a murderous assault on one of the warders of the prison, named Alex. Carrick, by striking him on the head with a spade while at work on ground adjoining the prison, on which the convicts are em ployed. A letter from Sebastopol of the 29th ult. says : —" The coffin containing the remains of General de Marolles, who was killed in the attack on the Malakhoff, has just been embarked on board the Chaptal, a French steam advice-boat, to be con veyed to France. pensive locality. He nav tst maintain what is called a good appearance, rand from the want of ready money is compelle d to submit to higher Prices. Should he have i ncurre d any debts while winning his way to an independent position—a matter of by no means rare occurrence—he is charged the most extravagant rates for pecuniary accommodation ; but no allowance or deduction whatever is made, althoul ;h he may not have one lia!f of his nominal incom ne applicable to his own use. Should he be free ft o•nn pecuniary embarrass ment, he will feel it an imperative duty to lay something aside as a pr( )visiun for a future time, when failing health, a , iva,nced years, or even a change of fashion, may d•3prive him of the power of earning a livelihood, •or when his family may be deprived of the hu.sba.nd, father, and provider. A. man of ordinary pz.udence will set aside a Large portion of his receipts to satisfy these claims. On the other hand the fundholder may select his own quarters in the cheapest district. He is not bound to respect the opinions of the Mrs. GRTINDYS of the neighbourhood, or to expend money unnecessarily in order to show that his practice is flouris'aing. Should he be involved in any unexpected liability the sale of 1001. or 2001. Stock makes him all right, with only a diminution of Si. or 6/. in his annual income, and even the Income Tax is deducted therefrom immediately. He has not to satisfy the tax ou of what he only receives with one hand to pay over with the other, nor is he bound to submit to a serious deduction to provide for hie owu old age or the wants of an orphan family. He pays at the present rate 201. out of an income of 3001., applicable to present expenditure, while the general practitioner pays a like sum out of an income of little more than half the amount— his total capital being the goodwill of his business, which would probably not bring more than a year's purchase. The one pays at the rate of 45., the other 61. or 71. per cant. on his actual capital, or about 33 times as large a contribution in proportion to his actual resources. When Mr. GLADSTONE persuaded Parliament to renew the obnoxious tax, under the specious pretext that there should be a gradual reduction, mid ultimate extinction thereof, we pointed out the fallacious nature of his promises. The im post is by far too productive and too easily levied to be surrendered by any financial minister. Sir G. C. Lewis will not consider himself in any de gree bound by the professions of his predecessor, and even were he to recognise the claim he might declare his inability to carry out the object. "I cannot spare sixteen millions" would be a sufficient answer to the applicants ; and that answer they will assuredly receive if they wait patiently for the anticipated reduction in 1858, or extinction in 1860. As we have repeatedly stated, the objections are not to an income tax, but to the unfair and oppressive manner in which it is levied. With an equitable modification it would prove one of the most valuable sources of revenue, and the people would willingly submit to what they felt to be a just and reasonable demand. At present many endea vour to evade what they feel to be little better than legal plunder. It thus exercises a demoralis ing influence on the payers, a matter which every statesman should strive to avoid as an evil most earnestly to be deprecated. Another point that must be considered and finally disposed of is the relation between the State and the so-called Bank of England. Its charter has virtually expired. The notice that would at once sever the connection might have been given at any time since the Ist of August, 1855. Nothing can be more injurious to the mercantile and manufacturing interests of the country than a state of doubt respecting the nature of the future laws relating to Currency. A sounder and better system than that at present in operation may be inaugurated at any moment ; but, unfortunately, there is no security that we may not be subjected to further and still more in tolerable restrictions that will lead to even greater fluctuations in the value of money. From these doubts and uncertainties what would otherwise be legitimate commercial operations become little better than reckless gambling, by which fortunes may be gained or lost from causes wholly beyond the control of the parties con cerned. Who can fairly estimate prices six or eight months in advance, when the rate of inte rest may range from 2 to 8 per cent. during the interval ? The nation wants free trade in money, or rather in currency. It requires a really National Bank, and amply-secured notes of convenient denominations, receivable at all times in payment of taxes or other public demands. SJ far as the internal circulation was conceived—we have the admission of the Times itself—that " there could be no necessity for gold being held against any part of it. A deposit of Government Stock, or the fact of its being receivab:e for duties, would at all times keep it from fluctuation in value !" Here, then, is the most important element of a currency at once achieved ; and the gold which is now uselessly circulating from hand to hand, with a constant depreciation from wear and tear, would become entirely available for our foreign trade. This, however, would make money cheap and abundant, and that is not the object of the moneyocracy. They prefer keeping it scarce and dear, heedless of the misery inflicted on millions of their fellow-subjects by their selfish policy. If, however, the masses knew their true interests they would exert themselves successfully to obtain a satisfactory settlement of the mone tary question—the most important that can come under the consideration of the Legislature, for on the result will mainly depend the future welfare and prosperity of the country, and the happiness or misery of its people. If we don't hear much about Ireland nowadays, what we do hear is, in the main, satisfactory. Instead of the " old, old" story of injustice, with its sometimes ghastly and always melancholy troop of consequences, the ears of Englishmen are saluted with tidings of growing prosperity and general content. Nations, like individuals, are liable to accesses of phrensy, but when was it ever known that a people went on grumbling or plunging in the slough of despond without a cause ? Disaffection is the offspring of misery, and misery of injustice. Let the injustice cease and determine, and in good time the misery and disaffection will cease also. The interpolated lines of Dr. JOHNSON in GOLDSMITH'S " Traveller" — "How few of all the ills that men endure Are those which kings or laws can make or cure," meet with a ,flat contradiction in Irish history. All the ills that have afflicted that too long un happy country are not undoubtedly to be attri buted to unwise legislation, whether by the do nietic or Imperial Parliament, but to what a black catalogue can be ascribed no other parent age. No need of research to demonstrate the fact, the proofs are in the recollection of all, and were they forgotten the coincidence of just laws and a growing prosperity and wide-spreading contentment, following on unjust laws And gem• ral discontent, would suffice. We don't mean to Bah nor would we have it inferred, that there is LATEST NEWS. MADRID, AUG. 14. M. Coello is named Minister in Turkey. The resignation of M. Montesinos has been accepted. The Ministry is decided on welcoming all shades of opinion compatible with constitutional monar chy, but it disclaims all solidarity with former Administrations. The circular addressed by the Minister of the Interior, Rios y Rosas, to the go vernors of provinces, is moderate and discreet in FRANCE. PARIS, FRIDAY EVENING. This being the fete of Saint Napoleon, the Bourse and all the public offices are closed. The Emperor, on the occasion of the St. Napo leon, yesterday received the ministers, the mar shals, and admirals now in Paris, and some other civil and military functionaries, at the Palace of St. Cloud. The Empress and the Prince Imperial were present at this reception. A decree in the Mortiteur authorises Marshal Pelissier to accept and wear the Grand Cross of the Spanish order of - St. Ferdinand, the Grand Cross of the Sardinian order of the Saviour, and the Turkish order of the Medjidi6 Ist class ; and Count de Morny, President of the Legislative Body, the Grand Cross of the Spanish order of Charles 111., and the Turkish order of the Medjidie Ist class. By Imperial decrees in the Moniteur, on the proposition of the Minister of War, Chef d'Esca dron E. L. Marsin, of the gendarmery, is promoted to the rank of officer in the Legion of Honour for distinguished services during the inundations, and nine officers and non-commissioned officers in dif- ferent regiments are nominated to that of knight, and 32 military medals awarded. A grand banquet was last evening given at the , Hotel de Ville to Marshal Pelissier, by the Muni cipal Commission of the City of Paris. All the Ministers, and a number of the highest function aries' ware present at it. It had been in contemplation to have had a grand review of the troops of the line and the national guard on the occasion of the Emperor's fete, but the extreme heat of the weather has caused the idea to be abandoned. The banquet offered by the medical body of France to the medical men of the army and fleet who took part in the Eastern war is to take place at the Grand Hotel du Louvre, on Wednesday next, at half-past 7 o'clock. The Sardinian Ambassador has informed the committee of the banquet that his government has designated the Chevalier Cor nisetti, principal physician to the Sardinian army in the East, and Dr. Mazzolini, of the Bth regiment of infantry, to attend it. PRUSSIA. Voss's Gazette of Berlin denies the rum= which has been in circulation that Austria has made representations to the Western Powers relative to the evacuation of Greece; the cabinet of Vienna, that journal declares, has not sent any note of the kind. The exchange of notes on the subject ceased, it says, about the middle of June, the Western Powers having then declared, in a joint note to the Cabinet of Vienna, that the troops should evacaate Greece as soon as the Government of that country should give sufficient guarantees that tranquillity should not, in any respect, be troubled: A letter from Berlin of the 11th, in the Presse of Brussels, says : _ _ _ " Considerable sensation has been caused here during the last few days by the flight of three officers of the Royal Guard, on account of being heavily in debt. The officers in question are Prince William of Mecklenberg. Schwerin, Major of Cuirassiers ; Lieut. de Hagen, of the Fusiliers of the Guard, son of the general commanding at Stettin ; and Lieutenant Stosch, of the same regi ment, son of a lieutenant-general on the retired list. His Majesty was so annoyed at these shameful deser tions, that he is said to have warmly reproached the Minister of War, as well as General de Wrangle, with not having kept the officers under stricter discipline General de Wrangel, on this, wrote to Prince William, who had stopped at Tauroggen, on the Russian frontier, telling him that if he did not send in his resignation in 24 hours he would be cashiered. The prince chose the former alternative. The Police Gazette of Berlin had given some mys terious hints of the above affair, and the President of Police thought at first of stopping the jour nal, as the prince is the nephew of the King, but before doing so, it appears, he thought it best to take the opi nion of his Majesty on the subject. The King ordered bim not to interfere with the journal, as the affair could not remain a secret, and as in his eyes all his subjects were alike. The prince's mother, the Dowager Grand Duchess of Mecklenberg Schwerin, sister of the King, refused positively to pay her son's debts, but the King has taken the payment on himself, saying that he could not allow his subjects to suffer from the thoughtless conduct of his nephew. He has given orders for the payment of the money borrowed, wiLb legal interest, but states that nothing like usurious demands shall be satisfied. The amount of the prince's debts known up to this time is 140,000 thalers. What bas caused much pain to his Majesty is, that the prince had contracted many of them on his word of honour, which he has broken by taking to flight. The debts of the two lieutenants amount together to 40,000 thalers. A great cause of this affair is said to have been that each of the parties has been keeping an expensive mistress attached to the theatre. Prince William also spent a good deal in bacchanalian enjoyments, a propen sity which has acquired for him the name of Prince Schnaps, on account of his red nose. M. de Hagen is said to Co in England, and M. de Stosch at Altona." LITER,ATORg. Eveleen. By E. L. A. Berwick. Author of " The Dwarf,' &o. 3 vols. Smith and Elder. This is a most interesting story, containing power of expression with vividness iu detail, great feeling and skilful delineation of character. The form of the book is an autobiographical one, and the narrator is the heroine, who, although a young girl, unprotected, and far from the busy scenes o f the world, in which its votaries are supposed to derive foresight and experience, contrived to play a most important part in the drama of social ex istence. Eveleen possessed intrinsic strength of mind. Without this it would have been impossible for her to have effected anything, but she improved her talent to the utmost—it was natural as well as acquired power that propelled her onward in her course, and nerved her to the endurance of hard struggles. In solitude and secret she had to wage war with perils, and encounter obstacles that might have daunted the boldest spirit, and before which the stoutest heart might have quailed. She lived m her uncle's house with his two children, all was happy and peaceful, but in an evil hour he married again, and the step-mother quickly overthew the ortner things. " Old times were changed, old manners gone," when she made her ill-omened descent on the estate of Brabazon Hall. She was lot evil natured, but had imbibed the principles of worldliness, and adopted the maxims of selfishness till the good became warped, and the evil reigned predominant in her nature. All yielded to her, except the orphan niece, but for Eveleen's noble courage dark and sad would have been the days of Brent and Mary. The only good action of Mr. Barrington's, which appears amid a host - of weak acts, if not wicked, was that of adopting this child of his sister's, and he was in the position of those who entertain angels unawares. From childhood to youth Eveleen remained the firm friend to the in terests of the family in whose home she had been sheltered, and greatly did they need her services. It was not to be supposed that one so young and inexperienced, however vigorous might be her purposes, or pure her desires of rendering them efficient aid, should always be infallible in her re solves. It chanced that on one occasion she and her gentle cousin had escaped the thraldom of their home, and departed to visit a retired part of the coast. Unguardedly wandering on the shore, while the tide was coming in, they were in peril of their lives, when two strangers passing by hastened to their rescue. Acquaintance thus made is not of the common, or ordinary. At the first meeting an advaucemnt is made that years of usual social intercourse does not arrive it. It is natural that the young cousins shrank from dispelling the dream „hat wove around them such charmed spells, and wore so bright a halo to their imaginings, by re turning to the dreary home over which Maria Barrington presided. Such a catastrophe they anew would be the result of Eveleen's informing her uncle of their meeting with the strangers. As far as she herself was concerned there was no dan ger ; her ideas were too lofty to be easily influenced by another, and her general impressions too fixed for her to go far in a short time. Yet with Mary it was different ; and when Eveleen discovered that, while she had not noticed the danger, her cousin was almost engaged to George Bouverie, she roused herself to exertion. This was the first evidence she gave of that unflinching resolve to do her duty that afterwards displayed itself so brightly in her life. This shining light in her disposition was especially brilliant by the side of Julia Hetherington, the heiress of untold wealth, the admired beauty of courtly circles, the accomplished belle of brilliant saloons. In the maze of life Eveleen and this paragon of worldly advantages came in close con tact with each other, and it chanced that Julia Hetherington had wit enough to perceive the power that was undeveloped but surely innate in her rival's nature. The young philosopher had soon an opportunity of testing her opinions of right and wrong, for amid the changes of events, and the striking occurrences that are in ordinary life, it happened that one of the wanderers by the sea shore on that memorable evening before referred to came as a guest to Brabazon Hall. On his arrival Eveleen desired him not to mention their for mer acquaintance, as unpleasant consequences might ensue. When they first met she had known her preserver as Alfred Montgomerie only, but she now discovered that he was also the Earl of Lan dore. Julia Hetherington endeavoured to attract this gifted but eccentric individual, but to no pur pose. The few energetic sentences that Eveleen had uttered by the sea-shore, in their morning strolls or their sunset wanderings, had more effect on his mind than the honied phrases of flattery that the wily woman of the world could lavish so profusely on her destined victim. Calm as she was Eveleen was too closely watched not to be sus pected, and in the midst of the toils and snares that her enemies were devising for her came the words of entreaty from the young earl that she would enable him to put her beyond the reach of their importunities by declaring his attachment, and thus rising far above the level of even the proud Julia, who then looked down on her with scorn from her exalted pinnacle in the social sphere, secure her own safety from past annoyances, while she would become a bright example to his future life to urgo him on in the path which she always told him was the one his steps should tread in. Again was Eveleen Redgrave tried, and again she triumphed. It was not that she had not implicit confidence in the character of him who stood be fore her, but she felt that he did not know himself as yet. If the natural sensitiveness to in suit that is inherent in every nature prompted her to become what would put down all the malice of her oppressors, and while gratifying her own tastes bring her forth resplendent in exterior advantage, the coronet of England's countesses on her brow, at the very moment when they were bidding her hide her diminished head, as a poor dependent on their bounty, a higher pride rose to her aid. She feared lest he who sought her in youth might afterwards tire of his enthusiasm and repent of his choice when too late. She stood firm to her idea that they should part, to meet hereafter if at the expiration of time, Lord Landoro still preserved amid the cares of life the dream of his early days, and still desired to fulfil his then ardent wish. They parted as she had willed it. New troubles and difficulties of all sorts arose to darken the path of the self-constituted champion of the family. The concluding passages are exceedingly we ll written, the exciting interest which the story at tains to at the last is ably sustained, and the cou rage which the heroine so nobly evinces is in con formity with her previous actions and thoughts throughout the record herein transcribed of her career. Mary is one of those gentle natures that are only fitted to smile in the sunshine and cannot brave the storm. She is pleasing, although one cannot respect and admire such a disposition as all must when contemplating the character of Eveleen. The object of her life was to carry " principle into practice," and if unaided by any friendly he, e, or favourable circumstance, she did not always gain her immediate and desired end, she was walking in a way of which nothing ceuld make her ashamed nor afraid, and vindicating a cause in which failure was more glorious than are many successes. The Quadroon; or, a Lover's Adventures in ouisiana. By Captain Mayne Reid. 3 vols. George Hyde. The talented author of " The Scalp-hunters" has furnished us with a vivid and romantic history of an adventurer's exploits in North America. He informs us very decidedly in a very brief preface that the author is not the hero, and that the book is 'nothing more than a romance. Nevertheless, there is very little doubt that it presents a faithful sketch of life in Louisiana. Some of the scenes and characters are real, we are told, and the book is founded on actual experience. It was written ma ny years ago and would have been published previously, .but " a well-known work ! " which t r eated of similar scenes and subjects interfered with this intention, and it has since been revised and corrected. The story is most romantic. The hero, an English traveller, falls in love with a beautiful Quadroon girl, with whom he b ecomes acqua inted, and who has received an unusual edu cation. Great are the obstacles, perils, and diffi culties which oppose themselves to their marriage, but after hair-breadth stapes and snares they are at length surmounted or removed, and all termi nates happily. Not, however, before the hero has had a very narrow escape of his life in consequence of having stolen a slave. The in c id en t s ale mos t exciting, and attractive to all the lovers of a truly romantic history. The story opens with a race between two steamers (a very common occurrence in America), which ends i u th e exp l os i on o f a boiler. A cheating guardian, a s t o l en w ill, a fugi tive slave, the bite of a rattlesnake, losses at a gambling-house , are amo ng th e sources o f i n t eres t. The author's opinions, a, most of his readers know, are most decidedly republican. Not a few con , temptuous expressions are met with regarding European existence, and not a few rhapsodies on the dignity, the freedom, and the delight of life untrammelled by the conventionalities of our social existence. The " white slaves," however, may support this contempt with philosophy, without being particularly envious of the blessings of steam , boat races, s l avery, an d L ync h l aw . F or a vivid and stirrin g romance , f u ll o f p anoram ic descrip tions of scenery, and possessing considerable no velty, both from its subject and its incidents, this work may be commended to the novel reader, being likely to furnish entertainment and interest, from the fervour of its style and the originality of its €)urrence3. The fraternal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. Vol. XVII. Part. I. John Murray. This is a work of standard value in its peculiar class, and merits the attention of all engaged in the direction or study of agricultural pursuits. Whether the'reader is engaged in them as a busi ness, or whether he is merely a scientific amateur, he will find subjects suited for his consideration, and affording him a great variety of information, b ,th practical and theoretical. Thus, an article ou " The Management of Dairy Cattle " gives a• minute account of the manner in which the writer treated his cows for two years, and which resulted very successfully. For the benefit of those who are studying the higher principles of agriculture there is an article by Justus von Liebig. In the opening sentences he tells us that as his work on agricultural chemistry contains only a small part of the experience and the facts on which his opinions are founded, he undertakes in these pages a more detailed explanation of them. Many of his readers will, doubtless, recollect that in the third edition of the work referred to the author surrendered the opinion he had previously expressed on the import ant principle of nitrogen as affecting the soil. The reasons for this alteration of opinion are here given at some length, and the talented writer enters fully into the subject. The botanist will be attracted by a " History of British Grasses," by J. Buckman, F.G.S., Professor of Geology and Botany in tha Royal Agricultural College. A paper, immediately following this, on the " Roots of the Wheat Plant" is a prize essay, by the same author. They are both illustrated by explanatory diagrams. In an interest-- in "Report of the Agricultural Department of the Paris Exhibition," by Mr. Denison, M.P., it is re marked that it was objected to the English machines , that they were too heavy and too costly, but the trials showed that a light plough does not always make light work, nor is an implement cheap at first cost always cheapest in the end. The position of English exhibitors he considers to have been dis couraging, for the duty on machinery was so high that it amounted to a prohibition. Nevertheless, when notice was given of the intended ex periments at Trappes, several makers them selves went over, taking with them their workmen at a few days' warning. The Pre sident, at the close of the day, addressed. them in the following words :—" Your countrymen have set an example to all. They have brought good implements, men to manage them, an inter preter to speak for them, an engineer to advise with. This is the .way in which business should be done." The enterprise of these manufacturers was productive of lasting advantage to themselves and others, for, in consequence of a coincidence of opinion between the English and French concerned, a representation was made to the Imperial Govern ment which resulted in a considerable reduction of duty on many articles of machinery. Much mis cellaneous information may be obtained from this ample volume, which only appears twice in the year. There can be no doubt that it greatly facili tates the diffusion of a general knowledge of scien tific agriculture, as well as presenting to those already advanced in its study the means of com paring their own opinions and experiments with those of others, and of becoming acquainted with the principles and theories of the first agricultural chemists of the day. The North British Review. Hamilton, Adams, and Co. There are several interesting topics to be found in the present number of this quarterly. Some of these have also the attraction of novelty—that is to say, of being subjects not under constant discus sion and dispute. The first paper can scarcely be said to lay claim to this title, for it is the terribly familiar one of the Ottoman Empire. Now, how ever, it is doubtless as just and necessary to discuss the probable fortunes of the Turk and his domi nions as it was at the commencement of the war. However, most general readers are weary of the constant repetition of such subjects, and gladly turn to a less hackneyed topic. Ono of these is an outline of the Dutch Reforma tion and the memorable war between Philip the Second of Spain and his sturdy subjects in Hol land. It is taken from Mr. Motley's " History of the Rise of the Dutch Republic," which gives, among other points of interest, a graphic descrip tion of the sieges of Haarlem and Leyden. Another interesting article is on the tendencies of French literature in the present day. It takes as its hero M. Cousin, and it renders an earnest tribute to the good service he has done the cause of right and truth by his steadfast adherence and eloquent ad vocacy. A paper devoted to the description of the several kinds of microscopes possesses much useful information on the varieties of that wonderful in strument. The claims to its invention are exa mined ; and though there are four claimants (one of whom is Galileo himself), the author inclines to the opinion that no single individual can be con sidered as the inventor, but that as soon as two lenses were combined to magnify distant objects it was impossible to overlook their influence in the examination of those that were near, and that each of these individuals may consequently have partly discovered it. This idea would favour the suppo sition of Galileo's having been the discoverer, as one would suppo'ie, from his devoidon to the per fecting of the telescope, that he would be the first to seize such an idea. A paper on the memoirs of the late Samuel Rogers gives a number of enter taining anecdotes, classified, thus giving us in turn a view of the anecdotes of the statesmen, the poets, the literati, &c. The general review of his times affords the opportunity ','or an interesting sketch. A paper on the annexation of Oude holds it im possible that any right-thinking and unprejudiced inquirer into its previous history can regret its subjection to a civilised country. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY EVENING. The Royal mail steam-ship Persia, Captain Jud kins, has arrived with advises from New York to the Gth inst. She brought $1,034,634 specie on freight. The Persia has in this instance made the quickest passage on record, the run occupying only about nine days. _ The United States' mail steam-hip Atlantic, hence, the Washington from Southampton, and the Alps and Emeu from Havre, had arrived at New York. In the Senate proceedings were entirely of a local character. The Hodse of Rrepresentatives, ou the 2d, passed a bill, appropriating $1,100,000 for re pairing and putting in order the fortifications on the seaboard and northern frontier. On the 4th a resolution was agreed to, providing for the appoint ment of a commissioner to run a boundary line be tween Washington territory and the British pos sessions under the Oregon treaty. This measure also received the satiation of the Senate on the fol lowing day. The President had decided not to employ the United States' forces against the Vigi lance Committee of San Francisco on the present application. The news from San Francisco is regarded as alarming. Mr. Brooks, of South Carolina, had been unani mously re-elected, and had taken his seat. The House of Representatives on the Ist instant voted not to admit either Whitfield or Reader to the contested seat from Kansas. This leaves the terri tory to make a new election. Mr. Herbert, of California, had resumed his seat, and made a speech in his justification. The city of New York con tinues unusually healthy. The deaths for the week previous to tha sailing of the Persia were 746, of which 544 were children under five years of age. The yellow fever is at Quarantine, but does not show any signs of spreading beyond it. The election in Nicaragua resulted in the choice of General Walker by a large majority ; he received 15,835 out of 23,236 votes cast.. The steamer John Jay was burnt upon Lake George, with a kns of several lives. Havannah advices of the 25th ultimo had arrived on the previous day from Vera Cruz, bringing the peace ratifications. The British mad steamer Conway sailed on the 24th for Vera Cruz. _ _ _ The price of sugars had slightly declined. Exchange on London was quoted at 4 per cent. premium. Freights were dull and lower. New York commercial advioes state that busi ness of nearly all descriptions is characterised by that inaction invariably incident to this period of the year. The money-market continued easy, with a ten dency to slightly higher rates. The stock-market was without any remarkable feature. Sterling exchange closed firm at the fol lowing rates :—Bills on London 9i to 10 per cent. ; bills on France were quoted at sf. 15c. to sf. 182 c. Very little was doing in the cotton-market. New flour had been received, and the prices realised were 7 dols. 75c. to 8 dots. 25c. for Ohio ; 7 dols. 50c. to 8 dols. for Michigan ; and 8 dols. 50c. to 9 dols. for Genessee. Scotch pig iron had been sold at 32 do ls. six months, but the market generally was dull. Freights to Great Britain had slightly improved, but in other directions there was no change to note. The news of the crops is favourable. The wheat is generally harvested. The drought has injured the corn in the States east of the Alleghanies, but not so much in the Western States. A heavy rain prevailed the day before the sailing of the Persia, 'ono, GENERAL KATETY AND SIR FENTVICE WILLIAMS. The following letter has been addressed by George Kmety, late Hungarian General, to General Williams : " Beikos, Aug. 1. " Sir,—No one can better appreciate than myself the services which you rendered at Erzerouin and Kars. " As 1 ,ng as those services called forth the plaudits of yaur country, v:itlicut allusion t,) the services which it was in my power to render during the same campaigns, I felt in no way disposed to break the reserve which is ha►bituaal to me on such subjects. But now that I see by the newspapers my name alluded to by you in public, I feel it a duty to my military reputation to make fOlll/3 remarks. _ _ ' On your arrival at Kars in the autumn of 1854 you relieved me from the outpost duties which had been in• trusted to me with the Irregular Corps during nine immthP, without the intermission of a single day, and in which my strength and constitution had neceEsarily suf fered eeverely. You placed me, at my request, in com mand of a division of the army, and you supported the exercise of my authority in that position w►th all the weight of an influence such as no other European officer ever enjoyed in this country. At length, when the word surrender' was uttered for the first time, you en abled me to leave the beleaguered garrison on grounds personal to myself. For all this my acknowledgments are due, and far be it from me to withhold them. "Now, however, a new aspect is given to our mutual relations by one of your published speeches, if correctly reported. Atter mentioning Colonel Lake, an engineer of great meri::, the lamented Captain Thompson, whose premature demise is by me as by all regretted, the young Major Teesdale, whose valour and coolness give the best promise, Mr. Churchill, a gentleman who doubtless rendered you im• portant service in his functions of secretary, and, finally, Dr. Sandwith, an able and indefatigable physician— after bestowing on all these, I say, a well•deserved meed of praise you introduce my name, as if half•forgetten, and as if of one who had contributed but little to the events of the campaigns. Under these circumstances I can no longer keep silence without losing my self-respect, and I find myself, though most unwillingly, constrained to call upon you, with all due deference to complete the statement of facts which have appeared, and more espe' cially those concerning the battle of the 29th of Septem ber, 1855, in which the part taken by me will no doubt, on reconsideration, appear to you, as it does to me, imperfectly reported. "If I have not taken this course sooner it is also partly because on perusing your despatches in the blue book I regarded them as the reports of a British commissioner concerning hit own services and those of the British officers, with which it was no business of mine to interfere. But it is only from another of your public spc2ches, in which you talk of the Turkish trohps being under your command,' that I learn that these reports can be taken as those of the Commander-in- Chief of the army of Kars. As such, I hold that an officer serving in that army, although not having the honour to be a British officer, has an incontrovertible right to come forward and require that all chief questions in them should be placed on a distinct and accurate fooling.—l have the honour to remain, sir, your very obedient servant, "GEORGE KMETY, "Late Hungarian General. "To Major-General Sir William F. Willi " ame, Bart., M.P., K.C.B„ &c , London. The Scotsman reports that wheat reared by the Mar quis of Tweeddale on a farm at Danskine ' 750 feet above the level of the sea , has brought in the Haddington mar ket 24. a quarter more than any other wheat exhibited. The stcAm-transport Pacific, Capt. W. C. Thompson) having been re•engaged by the Admiralty, sailed from Portsmouth on Tuesday evening, for Dublin, after baying embarked the officers and 750 men of the 95th Regiment. CHATHAM, Aug. 14.—CA H. Jervis, com mandant of the provisional b a tt a li on, rece i ved an order from the War-office this morning directing him to hold in readi ness Capt. J. Bailie and Capt. J. H. Chadds sth (Nor thumberland) Fusiliers, who are to proceed forthwith to join the head-quarters of their regiment stationed in O. island of Mauritius.