The Sun. — London, England, 1861-01-19 00:00:00

SOUTH CAROLINA. The following is the " declaration of immediate causes which induce and justify the secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union :" The people of the State of South Carolina, in Con vention assembled, on the 2d day of April, A.D. 1852, declared that the frequent violations of the Constitution of the United States by the Federal Government, and its encroachments upon the re served rights of the States, fully justified this State in their withdrawal from the Federal Union; but, in deference to the opinions and wishes of the other slaveholding States, she forbore at that time to exercise this right. Since that time these encroach ments have continued to increase, and further for bearance ceases b be a virtue. And now the State of South Carolina, having resumed her separate and equal place among na tions, deems it due to herself, to the remaining United States of America, and to the nations of the world, that she should declare the immediatecauses which have led to this act. In the year 1765 that portion of the British Em pire embracing Great Britain• undertook to make laws for the government of that portion composed of the 13 American colonies. A struggle for the right of self-government ensued, which resulted, on the 4th July, 1776, in a declaration by the colonies, " That they are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, and that, as free and indepen dent States, they have full power to levy war, con clude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which indepen dent States may of right do." They further solemnly declared that, whenever any "form of government becomes destructive of the ends for which it was established, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new Government." Deeming the Government of Great Britain to have become destructive of these ends, they declared.that the colonies "are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that alrpolitical connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dis solved." In pursuance of this declaration of independence, each of the 13 States proceeded to exercise its sepa rate sovereignty, adopted for itself a Constitution, and appointed officers for the administration of government in all its departments—legislative, executive, and judicial. For purposes of defence they united their arms and their counsels ; and, in 1778, they entered into a league known as the Articles of Confederation, whereby they agreed to intrust the administration of their external rela tions to a common agent, known as the Congress of THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 19, 1861. AMERICA. place themselves, in his opinion, in a very awkward position. " There are reports that the President has sent the Brooklyn and Harriet Lane to Charles - on with reinforce • meats to Major Anderson. He has done no sa( h thing. He will not do so either until an attack is made upon Fort Sumter. Major Andersonhas informed the Pre , ident that he has sufficient force and munitions of war for I he present, and can defend himself from any attack wIL , h the Caro linians can make. Therefore the President will be in no hurry to send reinforcements under these c'l cumstances. "When the South Carolina Commissioners make their report to the Governor and Convention it may change the aspect of affairs. They were advised before they left here by many Southern senators not to be precipitate or aggres sive towards the Government in their movements. They expressed a wish and desire that matters might be adjusted even yet. " The whole issue now is, whether the Senate will sus tain the President in collecting the revenue. If they refuse to confirm the collector whom the President has nominated, he cannot, of course, collect the revenue. The Southern senators intend to make the fight in the executive Session, and they assert, with a good deal of confidence, that no col lector for a Southern port can be confirmed. Upon their action hinges the whole question, and it is so regarded by the Presidnt. If the Southern senators can hold a few Northern democratic senators—such, for instance, as Lane, Gwin, Bright, Fitch, and Rice—they may defeat M'lntire's confirmation, or any other names that may be sent to the Senate. They have determined to make the fight, and have informed the President to that effect. They have thus far defeated all attempts to go into an executive Session. The Republicans will vote in a body for confirming the collec r." SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY. The United States mail steamer Fulton, Captain 3. A, Wotton, arrived off Cowes at noon from New York, with mails of the sth inst., and went on to Havre. She brings 17 passengers for this port ; 35 passengers, 16,299 dots. in specie, and a cargo of wheat, &c., for Havre. No specie for England. Spoke the bark Sovereign, and ship Medway, going into New York. The advices by this arrival, which are two days later than those previously to hand, are interesting and important. The National Fast Day, appointed by the Presi dent, and accordingly recommended by the Gover nor of the State of New York, was observed on the 4th in the city of New York by an almost universal cessation of business. The city churches were nume rously attended, and sermons appropriate to the oc casion were preached in all the churches and chapels. The galleries of the United States Senate at Washington were densely crowded again on the 3d with people who desired to hear the conclusion of Senator Baker's speech, and the address of Senator Douglas on the great question of the day. Memo rials, numerously signed by citizens of Philadelphia, were presented by Mr. Bigler, asking the Senate to pass the resolutions recently presented by Mr. Crittenden, and the latter gentleman followed with a resolution that provision be made by law for taking the sense of the people with reference to them. The matter was laid o ver f or th e con sideration of unfinished business, and Senator Baker, of Oregon, proceeded to finish his speech in reply to Senator Benjamin, of Louisiana, com menced on the previous day, He was followed by Mr. Douglas, who took the position that the laws could only be enforced by civil process, or by a force headed by a civil o ffi cer, and that when rebel lion became revolution and a de facto Government was formed then war could be declared. In the House the proceedings of a meeting held in Jeffer son, Ohio, repudiating the idea of compromise and endorsing the sentiments of Senator Wade, Hale, and others, were referred to the Committee of Thirty-three, after considerable opposition; Mr. Bingham reported back from the Judiciary Com mittee the Bill further to provide for the collection of duties on imports, with various amendments. It gives the President power, whenever tho laws are likely to be interfered with, to establish a Custom. house in any secure place on the lend, or on board a vessel, and the collector of the port, w hen such ar rangement is made, must have his resiaence where ever the Custom-house may be. The matter, by special agreement, was to come under the head of unfinished business on the following Tuesday. The House, for want of a quorum, adjourned over until the 7th inst. At Washington the Republican members of the House, to the number of 90, held an important caucus on the evening of the 4th, at which a pro position made by Mr. Sherman, of Ohio, that the Republicans should discourage all discussion of the political crisis, and devote themselves altogether to the passage of the Appropriation Bills and other necessary legislation, was adopted. Mr. Hale, of Pennsylvania, who is on the Crittenden Committee, submitted a series of resolutions to the caucus, which were concurred in by many Republicans and opposed by others. They were to the effect that all territory north of 36 deg. 30 min. is to be free; that south of this line, whenever 100,000 inhabi tants shall form a State constitution, they shall be admitted, with or without slavery, as the people may determine; and that in the meantime neither C o ngress nor the Territorial Legislature shall either prohibit or exclude slavery therefrom. This pro position found a good many advocates. Mr. Sher man, of Ohio, proposed some amendments ; but, without coming to any conclusion, they adjourned to the followins , day. Governor Blair, a of Michigan, in his inaugural address, sent to the Legislature of that State on the 4th, denies the right of secession, and says that if, without yielding this point, it could be done, he presumes that the country generally would be willing to let the restless little State of South Carolina step out. He denies that the Personal Liberty Laws have prevented the execution of the Fugitive Slave Law in a single instance. He is unwilling that Michigan should comply with a demand to repeal any of her laws when it is accom ' paaied with threats. He recommends that the Legislature speedily assure the country that Michi gan will stand by the Union, and to proffer to the President her whole military force in its defence. The inaugural address of Governor Jackson, of Missouri, was delivered on the 4th. It is devoted almost exclusively to a discussion of the national troubles, and takes the position that Missouri must stand by the other slavehalding States, whatever course they may pursue—the interests of all being identical. Missouri, however, is in favour of re maining in the Union so long as there is a hope of maintaining the guarantees of the Constitution. The Governor is opposed to coercion in any event, but recommends the calling of a State Convention to ascertain the will of the people. The Florida State Convention met on the 3d and without effecting a permanent organisation, ad journed to the sth at noon. The Delaware Legislature organised at Dover on the 2d. The Hon. H.Dickenson, the Commissioner from Mississippi, was received on the following day and made secession addresses to both Houses. He was heard throughout with mingled cheers and hisses, and subsequently a joint resolution was adopted disapproving secession as a remedy for existing difficulties, and disfavouring the resolu tions adopted by the Mississippi Legislature. Governor Banks delivered his valedictory address before the Massachusetts Legislature and a large audience of citizens at the State house in Boston on the 3d. From it we learn that the assessed value of property in the State is 897,000,000 dots., and that the enrolled mi!itia number u p war d s of 155,000 men. The Governor, after an allusion to the Personal Liberty Law, the removal of which from the statute-books he recommends, concludes with an argument against the right or possibility of peaceable secession. One hundred prominent citizens of Philaielphia met on the 4th, and considered a number of plans for meeting the present national crisis. The tone of the meeting was evidently in favour of enforcing the laws and putting down secession by force, but no action was taken. We have later advices from the Pacific by the Pony Express, which left San Francisco on the 22d vit., and arrived. at Fort Kenney on the 3d inst. The President's message was publshed in San Fran cisco on the 19th ult., having been telegraphed en tire—first from St. Louis to Fort Kearney to over• take the Pony, and then from Sacramento. The message and the proceedings of Congress, so far as received, had increased +he anxiety in the public mind relative to the secession movement in the Southern States. The talk relative to a Republic of the Pacific had been revived, but received very little encouragement, the general sentiment being in favour of remaining in the Union to the last. By the Cabawba, arrived at New York, we have dates from Havannah to Dec. 28. The continued receipt of unfavourable news from Europe and the United States had rendered busiaess there exceed ingly dull. Nothing of interest had occurred. 'rho steamship Northern Light arrived at New York on the 4th, from the Central American and South Pacific States. The news from New Granada is important. Some formidable successes had been obtained by the forces in rebellion against the Go vei nment. On the 19th of December Santa Marta, which had been besieged for nearly a month, sur rendered, and the Federal troops, having evacuated the town, were forwarded to Panama. The American consular agent at Santa Marta took refuge on board a British man-of-war that opportunely appeared in port at the time. It was further reported that the Government troops had suffered a defeat at a place called the Banco, on the Magdalena River. Some 1,500 men on each, side were engaged. In the State of Santander the Revolutionists were also reported to have been victorious. A large body of men were marching on the capital. From Central and South America the news is unimportant. The Peruvian Congress had granted extraordinary powers to the President to make war against Bolivia, but Bolivia declared herself capable of defending herself. Several prisoners in Costa Rica, under sentence of banish ment for complicity in the late attempted revolu tion, had been rescued by a British man-of-war and brought to Aspinwall. In Washington, on the 4th, matters were rather dull, Congress not being in Session, and the day being generally observed in accordance with the President's request. The most important item of news is in referenc e t o the efforts of the Govern ment to obtain and retain a proper respect for the Federal laws and Federal authority at Charleston. It was intimated that should the Senate confirm the nomination of Mr. M'lntyre to the collectorship he would, instead of going on board a man-of-war, proceed direct to Charleston, and endeavour to perform his duty on shore. The President, it was thought, would nominate a marshal for the district to accompany the collector. Warlike movements were still reported in the Southern States. A telegram from Mobile an nounces the seizure, on the morning of the 4th, of the United States' arsenal at that place, in which were stored 1,500 barrels of powder, 300,000 rounds of musket cartridges, and other munitions of war, but only six stand of arms. It was also rumoured that Fort Morgan had been taken possession of. Fort Pulaski, below Savannah, was occupied by the Georgian forces on the 2d inst., by order of the Governor. It appears also that the United States' revenue cutter Dolphin was seized at that port, but that Governor Brown subsequently ordered her restoration to the Government. Meantime (says the New York Times) another proof that the Administration, whatever may have been its course heretofore, now intends to enforce the Federal laws, is to be found in au order yesterday promul gated at Fort Leavenworth, as coming from General Scott, that all the available forces at that post must hold themselves in readiness to move to Fort M'Henry at a moment's warning. A despatch of the 3d, from Washington, says : " The President has returned the last communication of the South Carolina Commissioners unopened; and he has declined to receive anything more from them. They left In the morning boat for Charleston. "The Savannah forts were seized by citizens of Georgia, at suggestions telegraphed from this city by the Georgian delegation in Congress. The Augusta arsenal has been some days in their possession. _ _ _ " Proininent citkens of North Carolina, on hearing the report that troops were ordered south, called on Governor Ellis, and demanded the seizure of the forts at Wilmington, The demand being refused, they determined to act on their individual responsibility, when a despatch received from the Hon. L. O'B. Braich contradicted the report, and stopped the movement. "North Carolina considers her forts and arsenal within her grasp whenever policy dictates the seizure. " The reports that armed bands were organising to take possession of the Capitol before the votes for President vld Vice-President are counted, meet with credence every where. General Scott is actively engaged in the prepara tions for putting down this Jacobin mob. " Republican members of the Senate and House have been apprised of a contemplated assassins' attack upon them, but are generally prepared. " The Committee of Thirty-three met this morning and discussed Nelson's proposition without coming to any defi nite conclusion. Slavery in the district was the subject under consideration. " It is understood among Democratic senators that the nomination of Wlntyre as collector at Charleston shall not be confirmed, as a Western senator declares that, if neces sary, he will consume every Executive session in debate in order to defeat it. " Intelligence was received last night that Fort Sumter is now besieged; that all Major Anderson's communica tion was cut off; that Fort Moultrie has :been completely repaired, and the guns remounted, and that everything is in readiness to open a fire on Major Anderson. New bat teries are being erected around him by the Secessionists, and every day his danger and the difficulties of reinforcing him are increased. His frequent applications for rein forcements, and even the tears and praye rs o f hi s w if e, having failed to move the President, he has determined never again to renew his request, but will perish, if he must, in the fort. His men have bound themselves by an oath to stand and perish vi ill) him. " It is beyond a doubt that a committee is forming to take forcible possession of the Government at Washington on or before the 4th of March, but the precise time is not yet determined. " The above is from sources which leave no doubt of its reliability." A subsequent telegram denies that portion of the above despatch relative to the besieging of Fort Sumter, that place not having been attacked, and all was reported quiet at Charleston on the 4th. The following despatch of the 4th is from Wash ington : " The departure, of the South Carolina Commissioners, chrtfeel and belligerent, awakens the public mind to matters which must follow. Pending the negotiations of these commissioners with the President it was well understood the following propositions had been met and considered by the Governments of the States interested, but they were not then known to the Government of the United States:— " lat. That in the event of a rupture with the United States Government, the authorities of South Carolina, in their sovereign capacity, would immediately seize the forti fications and all defences of the State harbour. " It would seem that Major Anderson had a premonition of this determination, and acted accordingly on last Christ- IWO night, by removino. Lis forces from a weak point to the strongest one in the harbour of Charleston. 2d. That all forts, arsenals, dockyards, b arrac k s , Itc., belonging to the United States, situate on the southern coast, i nc l u ding fortifications from Cape Henry, in Virginia, to the southernmost coast borders of Texas, should be im mediately seized by States troops upon the first intimation of Government coercion upon South Carolina. "3d. That the telegraph, railroad, a n d stage stations in the interior districts should be placed under the censorship and 'control of duly appointed State agents in their s evera l localities. " 4th. That intercommunication between Southern and Northern ports should be interdicted, so far as the intro duction,of articles cont ra b an d o f war into Southern from Northern States may be concerned. "sth. The expatriation from Southern States of all Northerners and others who do not recognise the right of seciossion, or co-operate in the secession or co-operation movement. "6th. The seizure and confiscation of all goods contra band' of war. "7th.:Tho confiscation of the property of non-sympa thisers. " B th. The defence of 'the State against foreign legions, (tome from what quarter they may. " The above programme will be followed out if the border s tat " B Uatain, South Carolina in her initiative movement. Georgia is in arms already; so are Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, with the more northern of the Southern confederacy to join them in the first flush of vic tory, or of decisive a c ti on on the part of the Palmetto State. That Virginia will not be behindhand there is the best as surance from the border counties o Another despatch, of the same date, says : " Seale seven or eight persona, takers of half of the late ten million loan authorised this Session of Congress, arrived here from Now York yesterday. They negotiated for five millions of the loan, at 12 per cent., and paid all of it except 3,100,000 dole., which amount comes due to-morrow. The Bank of Commerce and the American Exchange Bank are the largest takers. The subscribers to the loan do not wish to ay the balance, because, they say, the Treasu r y Depart mepht is in the hands of the secessionists. If that depart ment is placed in the hands of the Union men they will lend the Government what money it may want, and not ttherwise. "All the uenators and representatives, including seces sionists, have been paid their salaries up to the Ist of January, except the South Carolina members who were paid up to the ti me they left, about the 20th of 'December. " There is nothink itdditional of importance received by the Administration trom)the South to-day. Neither is there any news concerning. the.talting of the forts in North Carolina, and it ; is not believed either by the Government or the dclegatien in Congress. Governer Ellie, they aSsert, never would sanction surf a proceeding. What a rani; or a fow people under excitement may have done, of course, is not known. The President cannot believe that so unwise a measure could be recommended or tolerated by the 130attern States generally, If they should do so they would the United States, expressly declaring, in the first 1 article, " that each State retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, juris diction, and right which is not by this Confedera tion expressly delegated to the United States in Congress assembled." Under this Confederation the war of the Revolu tion was carried on, and on the 3d of September, 1783, the contest ended, and a definite troaty was signed by Great Britain, in which she acknow ledged the independence of the colonies in the fol lowing terms:— " Article 1. His Britannic Majesty acknowledges the said United States—viz., New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, to be free, sovereign, and independent States; that he treats with them as such; and, for himself, his heirs and successors, relinquishes all claims to the government, property, and territorial rights of the same and every part thereof." Thus were established the two great principles asserted by the colonies—namely, the right of a State to govern itself ; and the right of a people to abolish a Government when it becomes destructive of the ends for which it was. instituted. And con current with the establishment of these principles was the fact that each colony became and was re cognized by the mother country as a free, sovereign, and independent State. In 1787 Deputies were appointed by the Stat^3 to revise the Articles of Confederation, and on the 17th September, 1787, these Deputies recommended for the adoption of the States the Articles of Union, known as the Constitution of the United States. The parties to whom tb's Constitution was sub mitted were the several sovereign States ; they were to agree or disagree, and when nine of them agreed the compact was to take effect among those concurring, and the general Government, as the common agent, was then to be invested with their authority. If only nine of the 13 States had concurred, the other four would have remained as they then were —separate sovereign States, independent of any of the provisions of the Constitution. In fact, two of the States did not accede to the Constitution until long after it had gone into operation among the other 11; and during that interval they each exer cised the functions of an independent nation. By this Constitution certain duties were imposed upon the several States, and the excercise of certain of their powers was restrained, which necessarily impelled their continued existence as sovereign States • but, to remove all doubt, an amendment was a dded, which declared that the powers not de legated to the netted States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. On the 23d May, 1788,_South Carolina, by a Convention of her people, passed an ordinance assenting to this Con stitution, and afterwards altered her Constitution to conform herself to the obligations she had under taken. this State and the other States of North America is dissolved, and that the State of South Carolina has resumed her position among the nations of the world as a separate and independent State, with full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do. TILE UNITED STALES. Thus was established, by compact between the States, a Government, with defined objects and powers, limited to the express words of the grant. This limitation left the whole remaining mass of power subject to the clause reserving it to the States or the people, and rendered unnecessary any specification of reserved rights. We hold that the Government thus established is subject to the two great principles asserted in the Declaration of Independence; and we hold, further, that the mode of its formation subjects it to a third fun damental principle—namely, the law of compact. We maintain that in every compact between two or more parties, the obligation is mutual; that the failure of one of the contracting parties to per form a material part of the agreement entirely re leases the obligation of the other; and that where no arbiter is provided, each party is remitted to his own judgment to determine the fact of failure, with all its consequences. In the present Case that fact is established with certainty. We assert that 14 of the States have de liberately refused for years past to fulfil their con stitutional obligations, and we refer to their own statutes for the proof. The Constitution of the United States, in its 4th article, provides as follows : " No person held to service or labour in one State under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labour, but shall be delivered up on claim of the pasty to whom such service or labour may be due. This stipulation was so material to the compact, that without it that compact would not have been made. The greater number of the contracting parties held slaves, and they had previously evinc e d th e i r estimate of the value of such a stipulation by mak ing it a condition in the ordinance for the govern ment of the territory ceded by Virginia, which ob ligations and the laws of the general Government have ceased to effect the objects of the constitution. The States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, and lowa, have enacted laws which either nullify the acts of Congress, or render useless any attempt to execute them. In many of these States the fugitive is discharged from set vice of la bour claimed, and in none of them has the State Government complied with the stipulation in the constitution. The State of New Jersey, at an early day, passed a law in conformity with her constitu tional obligation ; but the current of anti-slavery feeling has led her more recently to enact laws which render inoperative the remedies provided by her own laws and the laws of Congress. In the State of New York even the right of transit for a slave has been deniedby her tribunals; and the States of Ohio and lowa have refused to surrender to justice fugi tives charged with murder, and with inciting ser vile insurrection in the State of Virginia. Thus the constitutional compact has been deliberately broken and disregarded by the non-slaveholding States, and the consequence follows that South Carolina is released from her obligation. The ends for which this Constitution was framed are declared by itself to be "to form a more perfect union, to establish justice, insure domestic tran quillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity." These ends it endeavoured to accomplish by a Federal Government, in which each State was re cognised as in equal, and had separate control over its own institutions. The right of property in slaves was recognised by giving to free persons distinct political rights ; by giving them the right to repre sent, and burdening them with direct taxes for three-fifths of their slaves ; by authorising the im portation of slaves for 20 years, and by stipulating for the rendition of fugitives from labour. We affirm that these ends, for which this Govern ment was instituted, have been defeated, and the Government itself has been destructive of them by the action of the non-slaveholding States. Those States have assumed the right of deciding upon the propriety of our domestic institutions, and have denied the rights of property established in 15 of the States and recognised by the Constitutiow they have denounced as sinful the institution of slavery; they have permitted the open establish ment among them of societies the avowed object of which is to disturb the peace and eloin the property of the citizens of other States. They have encou raged and assisted thousands of our slaves to leave their homes, and those who remain have been in cited by emissaries, bioks, and pictures to servile insurrection. For 25 years this agitation has been steadily increasing until it has now secured to its aid the power of the common Government. Observing the forms of the Constitution, a sectional party has found within that article establishing the Executive Department the means of subverting the Constitu tion itself. A geographical line has been drawn across the Union, and all the States north of that line have united in the election of a man to the high office of President of the United States whose opinions and purposes are hostile to slavery. H e i s to be intrusted with the administration of the com mon Government, because he has declared that that " Government cannot endure permanently half slave half free," and that the public mind must rest in the belief that slavery is in the course of ultimate ex tinction. This sectional combination for the subversion of the Constitution has-been aided, in some of the States, by elevating to citizenship persons who, by the supreme law of the land,are incapable of becom ing citizens ; and their votes have been used to in augurate a new policy, hostile to the South, and destructive of its peace and safety. On the 4th of March next this party will take possession of the Government. It has announced that the South shall be excluded from the common territory, that the Judicial tribunal shall be made sectional, and that a war must be waged against slavery until it shall cease throughout the United States. The guarantees of the Constitution will then no longer exist ; the equal rights of the States will be lost. The slaveholding States will no longer have the power of self-government or self-protection, and the 'Federal Government will have become their enemy. Sectional interest and animosity will deepen the irritation, and all hope of remedy is rendered vain by the fact that the public opinion at the North has invested a great political error with the sanctions of a more erroneous rel i gious belief. One of the most peremptory duties of journalism is to expose insidious misrepresentations. It is not in our power to arrest the motives which instigate attempts at political imposture ; but we can lay bare the cheat whenever it shows itself, and, pain ful as the service is, we are bound to render it as frequently as it may be required. The glaring ab surdity of pretending that the stability of the Ame rican Union is in danger by the working of Univer sal Suffrage, is only equalled by the pertinacity with which the assertion is repeated. How dense must be the state of political ignorance on which writers of such mis-statements rely, and how eln gerous it must be if such ignorance pervades any extensive portion of the classes whose prejudices and weaknesses are flattered by such fables, and who naturally unite in resisting popular demands ! It is indeed hardly credible that fictions so unlike fact should be republished for the sake of the brief influence they are expected to have on the unthink ing. One day we are told that nobody in this coun try wants Reform, because nobody wno already has the franchise asks for it. Next day we are told that to allow taxpaying householders to vote for representatives is to Americanise our institutions. Americanism is assumed to be identical with uni versal and indiscriminate democracy ; and then we are informed, with serious air and philosophic tone, that the fabric of American society . is about to be rent asunder by the wild will of universal suffrage. What can be more gratifying to the hereditary opponent of all reform than such a string of solemn looking slanders on the principle and practice of popular self-rule? 111-informed and uninquiring though he be, he clan hardly help knowing that America is a signal illustration of the worth of representative government, but he still likes to be told that it is on the high road to ruin, and wishes to believe that its approaching downfall is the result of democracy. The people of this country neither believe nor wish to believe in the ruin of the great Commonwealth of their kindred beyond the ocean ; but whatever perils be in store for it, arising out of the schism of the Southern States, they well know that these perils originate, not from the application or mis application of the democratic principle in South Carolina, Gcorgia, or Virginia, but conspicuously and notoriously from its absence in those States. The Southern States are not, and never were, demo cracies in any sense of the term. The simple truth is, and it cannot be too often repeated, that Vir ginia, Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, and Florida were each and all expressly founded with oligarchic care and oligarchic aim upon an oligarchic model. All power and privilege was concentrated in the planter caste ; and a servile multitude was provided by regal and aristocratic policy by whose unre quitted toil the governing few were to subsist. Such as it was whe a founded by the courtier states men of France and England in the seventeenth century, the system continues in the nineteenth ; intensely oligarchical. Yet this is the system whose sudden refusal to be any longer federatively allied with the free polity of the North we are gravely told is one of universal suffrage in a state of mutiny. It is rather strange, however, that in the same breath menacing prognostics are held forth of the triumph of the seceding provinces, and various reasons are assigned for the expectation that the Planter Confederacy about to arise will speedily eclipse, in affluence and might, the poor Northern remnant, in which men, regardless of their origin, are treated as equal and free. If democratic institutions be so fraught with suicidal ruin as our Anti-Reformers in this country aver, what chance can there be of a new and splendid combination of States being formed on that foun dation Or if the grandeur and glory of the Southern Union said to be now about to be formed be so clearly discernible in the future, how can universal suffrage be the terrible thing it is de picted, for are not the Planter States all governed, as is said, thereby ? We leave the solution of these riddles to those who have unconsciously propounded them. Meanwhile, let us note in passing the auguries on which the horoscope of Southern pre-eminence is cast. By the time Texas has been filled up and redivided into four slave States, and Mexico has been conquered and reinocu lated with the love of negro driving, the stretch of territory along the seaboard from the northernmost point of Virginia to the westernmost shore of the great tropical gulf, and inland across the continent following 36 degrees of latitude, will constitute the richest and the noblest region in the world, subject to one form of civilised rule. Its navigable rivers, numerous and large, its soil everywhere prolific and in great part virgin, its seaboard almost un rivalled, its mineral treasures inexhaustible, and its population—well, better say nothing about that ; but, 'tiler all, what signifies, in the contemplation of politicians who talk of democracies where the few bear rule, and of universal suffrage where nine men out of ten are not allowed to vote? We grieve to be obliged to say that in our estimate of the possible future of America we see, on the con trary, cause for the deepest anxiety as to the fate of civilisation, social and political, in the devoted re g ions whose frantic oligarchs are striving to sever them from the wise and enlightened role founded by Adams, Franklin, Hamilton, Jefferson, and Jay. For the destiny of the free North, with its intelli gence and industry, its wealth and invention, its love of equal liberty, and its love of equal law, there is no cause for fear. Inferiority of soil, sea board, and streams, of mineral wealth, and of moun tain pasture, of sweep of domain and enjoyable climate—the vigorous, fearless, self-reliant North can afford, with a laugh, to admit it all, and yet feel how transcendently stronger and richer, nobler and happier, is its place among the nations. If permanent severance there must be, the world will soon comprehend the difference bEtween a compact nation of educated, free, and self- depen dent citizens, and a community of indolent and insolent proprietors of land living in hourly dread of a herd of slaves.—Daily News. I.REL AND. DUBLIN, FRIDAY MORNING. THE DONEGAL MURDER. We therefore, the people of South Carolina, by our delegates in Convention assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the recti tude of our intentions, have solemnly declared that the Union heretofore existing between The Derry Journal says "Four or five persons, from the neighbourhood of Glen veagh, have been arrested on a charge of being concerned thein ' murder of Mr. James Murray. For the last two or three days a party of the Churchill constabulary have been in this city, with Messrs. Dillon and Considine, stipendiary magistrates. It is said that one of the persons engaged in the murder has turned approver, and that, acting on th e information thus obtained, the four or five men wer e arrested, brought across Lough Swilly, lodged in Derry Gaol for a time, and sent onto Lifford Gaol last night, with an escort of constabulary. Another version is that the men were arrested in the neighbourhood of this city. The police seem to have ac; ed with much prudence and secrecy in effecting the capture. 'We have heard that the approver states that the deceased was attacked by a numerous party, that he shot one of that. with his revolver, and that the others then rushed on Murray, beat him to death, and threw his body down the hill to the place where it was found. 'We believe that the statements of the approver represent that a widespread conspiracy existed to lake away the Scotch man's life." A correspondent of the Dublin Evening Pose states that the number of arrests made amounts to 17,and that all the prisoners have been committed for fur ther examination. •o^ - ..!=trriew r WIIINYMP.O 19 years of age, which made about the fifth or sixth woman he had served the same. -vs BOW-STREET.—Dr. Herbert Edmund Charlet.' 7gr. D'Eyncourt inquired of the complainant Kelly, a physician, residing and practising at what business the. defendant carried on. The Complainant—Why, lie calls himself a Pinner, appeal to answer a summons preferred at int fdic al man, but when I first became acquainted the instance of the Commissioners in Lunacy, charg ing him that on or about the 26th Feb., 1860, he with :him he was a hairdresser. (A laugh.) unlawfully and wilfully received to board and lodge Mr . D'Eyncourt—What, does he carry on busi in his house at Pinner, the same not being a hospital ness a.s a surgeon registered under the 8 and 9 Vict., entitled an Act Witness—Yes, he gives certificates in cases of s,tb, and also prescribes for persons who are ill. for the Regulation of the Cure and Treatment of de , :11 ,so cuts corns, and attends to people's nails. Lunatics, and not being an asylum or a house He licensed under the said act, one Edward Brackett, a Mr. ,D'Eyncourt—Has the defendant studied lunatic ; and that he (defendant) took charge of the medicine at any of the colleges ? said lunatic without an order from the relatives of Witness —He was a hairdresser. He has studied the lunatic under the form prescribed in schedule B physic, and I have studied physic with him. of the said act, and without a medical certificate of The defendant, in answer to the charge, said the two physicians, surgeons, or apothecaries, as last child the defendant had had was not his. The requircd by the said act, he (defendant) being a fact was that the complainant left his house in May, person deriving profit from the board and lodging 1859, and previous to that, for many years, he had of the lunatic. and not being a committee appointed no connexion with her in consequence of her drunk by the Lord Chancellor, enness and general bad habits. After she left his Mr. Wegslay appeared as counsel for the prose- house she formed a connexion with Mr. John cution, being instructed by Messrs. Vandercom, Goodall, who kept her up to July, 1860. She was Cree, and Law, for the Commissioners of Lunacy ; t,hen, by the kindness of a lady of the name of and Mr. Best was counsel for the defence, instructed Saunders, placed in Lieut. Blackmore's Reforma by Messrs. Gissing and Henrick. tory a !, Ealing for a month or five weeks. He took Mr. Wellsby called his Worship's attention to her hon:e again because she was suffering from sections 45 and 90 of the act, requiring corn- rheumatics in her hands and feet. pliance with the conditions indicated in the The Defem2.'lnt (to complainant)—Did you not charge. He observed that Dr. Kelly had also commit adultery :with a man of the name of Nathan offended by not making the returns required by in my surgery ? (A _ l augh.) the act, but this had not been set forth in the sum- Mr. D'Eyncourt said the complainant could not mons. The Commissioners had felt themselves haveipommitted adultery as oho was not married. under a comptlsion of duty to prosecute. A gentle- The Complainant—l swe ar that I have never man named Brackett, who was unquestionably a been false to you. lunatic, became some time in October an inmate of Defendant—What did Mr. Goodall allow you Dr. Kelly's house. Dr. Kelly had been called upon money for ? to produce anylicence or certificate, but he believed Complainant—He said he paid you £1 ls. per he should be able to show that no such licence or annum for attending to his corns, and he paid I certificate existed. Under these circumstances he was as good a doctor as you were, and he would should ask the magistrate to send the case for fur- pay me the same. Mr. Goodall had allowed her ther investigation elsewhere. other money, as he thought that bath she and the Mr. W. Goodman deposed—l live at Eastwood, defendant would come together agaii2. After that near Pinner, My wife is a relation of Mr. Edward she did live with the defendant, and he appeared Brackett ; his cousin. By order of Dr. Carr, Mr. very fond cf the child, and used often to nurse and Brackett was sent to a cottage in the country. fondle it, and call it " dear." (A laugh.) After he had been there some time, we called in Other evidence having been given by police- Dr. Kelly to visit him. He appeared so harmless constable Hughesman, 163 G, one of the warrant that Dr. Kelly thought it was unnecessary to leave officers of the court, to the effect that the defendant a man with him. He had some little delusions. had admitted he was the father of the children, After speaking to Dr. Kelly, I consulted Mr. Mr. D'Eyncourt made an order for 2s. 6d. per Brackett's father, and ultimately it was arranged week for each child that was summoned for, and that he should go to Dr. Kelly's. He went about granted her a summons free of costs for the othbs.r October. He was to take his female servant with child. him. He had never been out of her custody. We were to pay three guineas a week. He was to stay there about three months. I know Dr. Kelly, and have dined with him. POLICE INTELLIGENCE—Ian. 1 Cross-examined by Mr. Best—lt was not an en • gagement for three months. I could have removed him at any time on giving a week's notice. But Dr. Kelly thought that in three months he would be recovered. I do not think he had paralysis. He did not require assistance in walking, but he could take any one's arm in a social way. Mr. W. Carr, F.R.C.S.—I reside at Blackheath, and have known Mr. Brackett for several years. I was called in to attend him in July of last year. He was in a state of great enervation, as if from deli rium tomens. I attended him up to September or October. He then became subject to very marked delusions. He thought that he was married to the Queen, and that he was possessed of enormous wealth. Mr. Wellsby—Did he not elevate you to the peerage ? Witness—Yes, he called me Lord Carr. I attri buted his derangement to an overstrained mind. I perceived no paralysis. He got no better, rather worse. After a time he became so much less ex citable that I thought a removal to a quiet place in the country, with a man to take care of him, would do him good. Cross-examined—He was not at all a confirmed lunatic. Mr. John Thomas Arlidge, M.R.C.S. and Phy sician to the West of London Hospital, deposed—l have made brain diseases a good deal my study. On Monday last, in pursuance of an order which I had received from the Lord Chancellor, I went to Pinner to visit Dr. Kelly and report on the case of Edward Brackett. I explained to Dr. Kelly the nature of the order, which I showed him. He said he did not understand why I should be sent on such an errand, as he had previous patients, and such a requirement was never made before. He said he was paid three guineas a week, and had taken the patient at the particular request of his friends. Mr. Brackett was out for a walk. On his return, I saw him in the presence of Dr. Kelly. I examined him. He said he had several million of horses, for one of which he would not take £89,000. He also said he had be . 6n governor and admiral of Bombay and commander-in-chief of all the world. At the end of my conversation with Dr. Kelly I said, " No question can be raised that :he is a lunatic." He replied, " There can be no doubt of that." I said he was there unlawfully; there ought to be a certificate, and it should have been reported to the Commissioners in Lunacy. He said he was not aware that it was required by law. He said he had received the patient for medical treatment at the request of his friends. Cross-examined by Mr. Best—He did not seem excited, bat he began talking about his delusions. In some cases, seeing a stranger might excite a lunatic, but I do not think it was so in this case. Mr. Martin, chief clerk in the office of the Com missioners of Lunacy, deposed that no licence had been granted to Dr. Kelly for his house at Pinner, and that no report or return had been received in respect to Mr. Brackett. Police .constable Buck, 25 F, one of the summon ing officers of this Court, produced a copy of a notice to produce any licence or any certificate relating to the case of Mr. Brackett. He served that notice on Dr. Kelly by delivering it at his house at the same time with this summons. Mr. Best contended that there was no evidence to show that the patient was received as a lunatic, or that he was in a state of lunacy at the time. He also contended that if Dr. Kelly had committed any error, he had done so from ignorance of the law. Mr. Henry had nothing to do with the last topic. Mr. Best observed that there wes no complaint of ill. treatment. Mr: Wellsby—No, certainly not. Mr. Henry—The charge is that Dr. Kelly has committed a breach of the regulations, and on that point I think there is a prima facze case. I shall commit the defendant for trial, but admit him to bail in two sureties of £5O each. Mr. Best said the Commissioners might as well have taken a turn at the poor woman who kept the cottage. It would be a dangerous thing now to take in a lunatic as a lodger. Bail was then tendered and accepted, and having entered into sureties, Dr. Kelly left the Court with his friends. SOUTHWARK.—FRIGIITFUL ASSAULT ON A WIFE BT HER HUSBAND.—Edward Laudy, a power ful-looking man, described as a labourer, residing in Bond-street, Lambeth, was brought up on a war rant by Fenmar, 227 M, charged with brutally assaulting Catherine Laudy, his wife, and breaking her nose in a frightful manner, so that she is unable to leave the hospital. Fenmar, the warrant officer of the Court, handed to his worship a certificate from the house sur geon of Saint Thomas's Hospital, showing that Catherine Laudy was confined there from a broken nose and other wounds, and that erysi pelas had taken place in the head. When the female came to this court for the warrant on Wed nesday she had her face covered with adhesive plaster, and her nose was literally flattened. She said that her husband had knocked her down and kicked her while on the ground, without the least provocation, and the magistrates at once placed a warrant in his hands for execution. Mr. W. Edwin, who appeared for the prisoner, said he should be able to prove that the injuries were not inflicted as stated. The complainant was a very bad woman, and had been actually caught by her husband in adultery. 111 r. Barcham said that the certificate of the surgeon set forth that erysipelas had taken place, and that the woman was unable to leave her bed, therefore he could do nothing but remand the prisoner. Mr. Edwin asked his worship if he would accept bail, as he could assure him that the prisoner was not to blame. LAMBETH.—EXTRAORDINARY CONDUCT OF Two SOLDIERS.—Heury Osborn and Thomas Pin chin, belonging to the 2d Battalion of Military Train, were charged before the Hon. G. C. Norton with the following extraordinary offence : From the testimony of many respectable trades men and others, it appeared that about two o'clock in the afternoon of that day the prisoners entered a crockery shop in the Old Kent-road, and taking up two large earthenware pans, carried them close to the shop of Mr. Welmans, a watchmaker and jeweller, dropped them on the pavement, and smashed both into several pieces. They then com menced throwing the fragments at the shop win dow of Mr. Welmans, smashing a large square of plate-glass of the value of £lO to pieces, and scat tering the rich and valuable wares exhibited for sale in all directions, and had it not been for the prompt and kind assistance of several respectable tradesmen in the neighbourhood in protecting the property, the consequence to Mr. Welmans must have been most serious. Several watches, chains, and other property fell into the street, and might have been left to the tender mercies of a promis cuous crowd that had assembled, had it not been for the prompt attendance and protection of the neigh bours. While engaged in the work of destruction, the prisoners were called to and asked what they were a b out, when they laughingly replied, " Oh, it's only a lark ;" and, in fact, treated the whole matter as an excellent joke. On their way to this court from the station-house, the prisoner Osborn asked the constable if he thought the square they had broken was worth £lO, when he replied that that was the value set down in the police•sheet, and Osborn continued, " Well, if we had broken the one in the City that we intended, and which was twice as large, I wonder what that would have been." Mr. Burcham considered that as erysipelas had set in there might be danger, therefore he should not accept bail under any circumstances. The pri- soner must be remanded until Thursday next. CLERKENWELL.— SINGULAR AFFILIATION CASE.—Mr. Samuel Elijah Hardinge, who carries on business as a surgeon and dentist in the City road, appeared before Mr. D'Eyncourt to answer three summonses which had been taken out against him by Catherine Tomkins, of No. 40, Ironmonger street, St. Luke's, to show cause why he should not be adjudged the putative father of three bastard children to which she had given birth. The complainant stated that she became ac quainted with the defendant about ten years since, and a short time afterwards they cohabited together as man and wife. She left him when she was two months pregnant with her last child in consequence of his ill-usage, although she could not say that he was a very bad father to her children. After the birth of her last child the defendant asked her to go back and live with him again, and she did so in May last. The defendant induced her afterwards to take another lodging, and, as he did not visit her, she was compelled to take this course. He was now cohabiting with a young woman about Mr. Welmans was not in attendance, and was from home at the time of the occurrence; but the person from whom he had taken the shop and busi ness a short time ago was present, and estimated the damage and losses at £2OO. In reply to a question from the magistrate, The constable and witnesses said the prisoners appeared perfectly sober at the time they acted in so extraordinary a manner. The prisoners, who seemed to treat the matter with the utmost nonchalance, and smiled as if they had committed a meritorious act, refused to put any questions to the witnesses, or offer a single word in defence. Having what appeared to be a "prison crop" they were asked if they had not been to pri son lately, and acknowledged that they had been to Maidston Gaol, and had left their barracks at Woolwich at ten o'clock that morning without leave. They were remanded to a future day. WESTMINSTER. LAMENTABLE AFFAIR.— About a fortnight ago a very respectable looking poor man entreated the magistrate's advice respect ing his daughter, a girl of fourteen, who was con tinually robbing him. He said he was a widower, with a large family of younger children, and the daughter of whom he complained, instead of being the assistance she might be to him, if a well con ducted girl, had formed bad acquaintances, and was a constant source of pain and anxiety to him. Mr. Arnold expressed his deep regret at what he had heard, and suggested a reformatory, in which, if eligible for admission, she might probably be reclaimed. The girl, whose name is Elizabeth Sibley, now appeared on the police-sheet charged with stealing a set of fireirons and a pillow from her father's house, while he was pursuing his avocation abroad. He felt no moral doubt that she had purloined them, but was Not in a position to support the charge by the necessary legal evidence. He again complained of her repeated acts of dishonesty, and said he had made application at the reformatory mentioned, but was not in a condition to give satis factory information upon the question of whether his daughter was a prostitute or not. Mr. Arnold deeply commiserated the unfortu nate father, and said that with respect to the charge against ber of stealing the articles there was very little doubt of her guilt, but in the absence of the necessary evidence he must dis- charge her. VISIT OF LORD CHELMSFORD TO THE IRISH LAW COURTS. Yesterday considerable interest was excited at the Four Courts by the appearance of Lord Chelms ford, who entered the Court of Error, where seven of the judges were sitting—namely, the Lord Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench, the Lord Chief Jus tice of the Common Pleas, the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Mr. Justice Ball, Mr. Justice Fitz gerald, Mr. Justice Hayes, and Mr. Justice Chris tian. On the entrance of Lord Chelmsford the judges rose, and received him with the greatest cordiality, all of them shaking hands with him. The noble and learned lord took his seat on the left side of the judges, and remained there for some time during the argument. When it became known that he was present there was a regular rush of visitors and strangers into the court. Lord Chelms ford is a fine, portly, amiable-looking man. During the time he remained in court he appeared to pay great attention to the case in progress. He also visited the Consolidated Court, where Mr. Justice Keogh was presiding ; the Court of Chancery, where he paid his respects to the Lord Chancel lor ; and the Rolls Court. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Pills and medicine invariably ag gravate and perpetuate diseases ; their annoyance, dis appointment, and expense may be avoided by persons in indifferent health sending only their address to E. 8. Barry, Esq., 77, Regent-street, W., London, and they will receive gratis and free by post the "INVALIDS' OWN GUIDE," or Natural Restorer, without medicine or ex p'nse, of perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, and refreshing sleep, to the most enfeebled, insuring the removal of indigestion (dyspepsia), constipation, liver complaints nausea, epilepsy, paralysis, debility, nervousness, palpitation, cough, asthma, consumption, dropsy, flatulency, diarrhoea, dysentery, biliousness, fevers, sore throats, catarrhs, colds, noises in the ears. rheumatism, gout. impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, palpi tation, heartburn, headache, despondency, cramps, spasms, sinking, fits, bronchitis. Unquestionably tho saint Guide • FROM TILE GAZETTE OF LAST NIGHT. WAR-OFFICE, PALL MALL, JAN. 18. 6th Regiment of Dragoons—Wm. Thomas Skinner Snell, Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase , vice Davi e s, pro - mote. 11th Light Dragoons—Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet- Colonel Charles Augustus Arney, from Half-pay Un attached, to be Lieutenant-Colonel, vice Broadley Har rison, who retires upon half-pay; Major Charles Craw ford Fraser to be Lieutenant-Colonel, by purchase, vice Brevet-Colonel Arney, who retires ; Captain Arthur Lyttleton Annesley to be Major, by purchase, vice Fraser; Lieutenant George Coke Robinson to be Captain, by pur chase, vice Annesley ; Cornet James Gideon Pott, to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Robinson ; Cornet Chas. Francis Arnold Howard, from the 16th Light Dragoons, to be Cornet, vice Pott. Military Train—Lieutenant Stephen Kent Winkworth, from the Bedford Militia, to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Brazier-Creagh, promoted. Grenadier Guards—Lieutenant and Captain Frederick Thomas Arthur Hervey Bathurst, to be Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel, by purchase, vice James Frederick Dudley Crichton Stuart, who retires ; Ensign and Lieu tenant William Robert Gamul Farmer to be Lieutenant and Captain, by purchase, vice Bathurst; Charles Ed ward Henry Stanley, Gent., to be Ensign and Lieuten ant, by purchase. 2d Regiment of Foot—Charles Fairbanks Lawson, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Kelly, promoted. sth Foot—Ensign William Douglas Legge to be Lieuten ant, by purchase, vice Edward Studley Lewis, who retires. • 12th Foot—Captain William Cooke O' Shaughnessy, from the 2d West India Regiment, to be Captain, vice Arnold More Knight, who retires upon half-pay. 16th Foot—Gentleman Cadet Henry John Cholmeley, from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign, without pur chase, in succession to Lieutenant Carter, promoted, 18thFoot—Gentleman Cadet Bernard Gilpin Haines, from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign, without pur chase, vice Minnitt, promoted. 22d Foot—Ensign Frederick William Best Parry to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Alfred George Drake Po cock, who retires. 25th Foot—Ensign Horace William Scriven to be Lieute. nant, by purchase, vice Samuel Roden Handy, who retires. 38th Foot—Gentleman Cadet Lieael William Lee, from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign, without pur chase. 49th Foot—Lieutenant Ernest C. Wilford, from the Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment, to be Lieutenant, vice John Thomas Lyon Cobham, who exchanges. 53d Foot—Staff Surgeon George Pain to be Surgeon, vice James S. Grant, M.D., deceased. 55th Foot—Lieutenant Osborne Samuel Delano-Osborne to be Adjutant, vice Lieutenant Thomas Dunn, who re signs that appointment ; Lieutenant Thomas Dunn to be Instructor of Musketry, vice Lieutenant George Hyde Harrison, who resigns that appointment. 70th Foot—Gentleman Cadet Charles Ryland Tylden. from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign, without . purchase, vice Prior, promoted. Rifle Brigade—Ensign the Hon. Frederick Noel Somer ville to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice John William Russell, who retires; Arthur Hill Sandys Montgomery, Gent., to be Ensign, by pui chase, vice the Hon. Fred. Noel Somerville. 2d West India Regiment—Lieutenant Edgor Gardner, from 2d Royal Cheshire Militia, to be Ensign, by pur chase, vice Edge, promoted. N W@st WU§ t--gap W9ra4ey wick, from the 23d Foot, to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Alfred Augustus Richardson, who retires. Royal Canadian:Rifle Regimen t—L ieutenant John Thomas Lyon Cobham, from the 49th Foot, to be Lieutenant, vice Earnest C. Wilford, who ex changes. Royal Malta Fencible Regime nt— Lieutenant Filippo Eynaud to be Captain (with liDctil and temporary rank), vice Guiseppe Gouder, deceased; Ensign Michael Por telli to be Lieutenant (with local and temporary rank), vice Eynaud; Walter Scioricino, Gent., to be Ensign (with local and temporary rank), vice Portelli. BREVET. Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur James Herbert, Unattached Deputy Quartermaster-General, lonian Islands, having on 16th Januaty, 1861, completed the qualifying service for the rank of Colonel, under the Bth and 10th clauses of the Royal Warrant of 14th October, 1858, to be Colonel in the Army. Paymaster Henry Ingram., 63d Foot, to have the honorary rank of Captain, under the Royal Warrant of the 27th January, 1860. BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED. John Trippet Holden, jeweller, Birmingham. BANKRUPTS. Joseph Trevethan, cooper, Lombard-street, City, to sur render J an. 29 and Feb. 28, at one, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Thereat. , Jones, victualler, Northampton, Jan. 31. at half past two, told Feb. 28, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. r Charles Taylor Cheesman, coal merchant, Brighton, Jan. 28, at two, and March 4, at half-past one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Thomas Henry Larmuth, bookseller, Tunbridge Wells, Jan. 31, at two, mod Feb. 28, at one, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Jean Marc Francois Jaquemot, silk merchant, New Broad -street, City, Jan. 29, at three, and Feb. 28, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. John James Tyler, upholsterer, Oxford, Jan. 30, at two, and Feb. 26, at half-past eleven, at the Court of Bank . ruptcy. William Goulding, grocer, Upwell, Norfolk, Jan. 30, at half-past twelve, and Feb. 27, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Henry Sylvester Rogers, importer of foreign goods, Strand, Jan. 31 and March 1, at one, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Henry Dray, miller, Priory Mills, Tonbridge, Jan. 31, at two, and March 1, at twelve, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. SCOTCH BANKRUPTS. !: Mro. Elizabeth Scott, Edinburgh.. J. and W. Parker, brasafounders, Girvan, Ayrshire. The Clyde Galvanising Company, Govan, Lanarkshire. Thomas Brownlie, boot and shoemaker Cilasgow. John Stewart, house and land agent, Glasgow. James Johnston, manufacturer, Galashisls. BANK OF ENGLAND. An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth Victoria, cap. 32, for the week ending .on Wednesday, the 16th day of Jan., 1861: ISSUE DEPA, ILTMENT. Notes issued ......f25,479,845 G, Ivernment Debt 411,015,100 Ot. her Securities .. 3,459,900 Go, td Coin & Bullion 9,535,002 Silt 'ear Bullion .... 1,469,843 £25,478,813 425,479,845' BANKING DEPAIMUNT. Proprietors' Capi- Goverliment Sean tal £14.553,000 rities (including Rest Public Deposits (in- nutty) eluding Exche- Other Securities quer, Savings' Notes Banks, Commis- Gold anti Silver missioners of Na- Coin ..... 770,518 tional Debt, and Dividend Ac counts) 2,746,316 Other Deposits 11433,056 even Day and other Bills 890,986 £35,759,442 M.l 435,752,442 .RSHALL, Chief Cashier. Dated Jan. 17,1861. AVERAGE PRICE OF SUGA R. The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado) Sugar, com puted from Returns made in the week ending the 15th day of Jan., 1861, exclusive of the duties of Cus toms paid or payable thereon on the importation thereof into Great Britain : Muscovado, the produce of the British pos•- PER CWT. sessions in America .. 27s 10d Muscovado, the produce of the Mauritius .. 30s 10 d Muscovado, the produce of the East Indies.. 29s 8&d Average price of the foregoing .. 29s lid COUNTRY .MA.REBTS. LIVERPOOL-JAN. 18. There was a moderate attendance of millers and dealers at this morning's market, and we had a fair sale for wheat, which may be quoted at about the currencies of this day se'nnight. Flour a tolerable sale, at last Tuesday's prices. Indian corn was in improved request, at 38s to 38s 3d per qr for mixed American, and 40s to 41s for white. Oats and oatmeal were slow of sale, but unaltered in price. Beans, peas, and barley a retail sale, at about previous rates. The market closed firm. EXETER-JAN. 18. A fair business was done in the corn market to-day, at about late prices : Wheat, white.. 7s Od to Ss 3d I Barley.. .4s6d to 6s Od Ditto red Os Od to Os Od I Oats .........3s Oa to 3s 6d New white wheat, 7s 9d to 8s ; red, 6s 6d to 7s. Flour, fine, 48s to -s ; seconds, 46e to —e per sack. OATTLE. There was a small supply of cattle driven in, and sales were dull, at last week's currencies. I Fat beef,p score, lls to lls6d Ewes, per lb .... 6d t o 60 Pork carca,ses,do lOs to 10s6d Wethers, d 0...... 6d to 7d Sheep, per lb. Od to—d. Fat calves, d0....6fd to 01 Rough fat, 41c1 per lb. WAKEFIELD-JAN. 18. The supplies of wheat were fair, but trade was of a slow character, sellers not being inclined to give way in fine par cels, and the business passing was limited. New Eng lish fully is cheaper. Barley also is cheaper. Beans, oats, and shelling were unchanged. Averapsfortheireet: Wheat 1403, qrs., at 59s 2d Rye - -- -8 --d Peas ... 30 -- 46610d Beans 39 -- .... 48a 6d Barley O3l -- 39e lld Oats - -- -4 Od LOUGHBOROUGH—DEc. 17. —.- The show of wheat was middling, and the trade was ra• ther unhealthy, at prices in favour of the seller. A small supply of barley, at late rates. Oats and beans In abort supply, and prices as before. BRISTOL SUGAR-SAN. 18. --- The market is still quiet, and thore are few sales of West India to report this week, at prices ranging from 39s to 40s 6d. Refiners' produce is in but very moderate demand and prices barely supported. Rum and molasses dull of sale. ADVERTISEMENT.j—The possibility of abandoning medicine altogether is shown by the numerous extraordinary cures without medicine of indigehtion, (dyspepsia) flatu lency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver complaints, cough, asthma, con sum pti on , an d debility effected by Du Barry's delicious Health Restoring Revalenta Arabic Food ; the following are not the least remarkable :—Cum No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant of Prim ley, of thirty years diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness.—Cure No. 58,816. Mrs. Holze, aged 107 years, of dyspepsia (indigestion) debility, irritability and nervousness which had tormented her for seventy years.—Cure No. 46,814. Mr. Samuel Lawton, Leicester, of two years diarrhoea.—Cure No. 180. " Twenty-five years nervousness, constipation, indi gestion, and debility, from which I have suffered great misery, and which no medicine could remove or re lieve, have been effectually cured by . Du Barry's Food in a very short time. W. B. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street, London." Avoid Pills and Medicines : they invariably aggravate and perpetuate diseases ; their annnyance, disappointment, and expense may be avoided by using Du Barry's Food which, at a few pence per day, saves 6C times its cost in other remedies, removing effectually, without purging, constipation, indigestion (dyepepsia) nervous, bilious and liver complaints and all their consequences. Certificate No. 36.418. We end it the safest remedy. Andrew lire, MD., F.R.S., Dr Harvey, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Shorland, Dr. Campell. Let invalids avoid the fearful dangers of spu rious and injurious imitations offered under a variety of false pretences. Nevill's imitations are prohibited by the high Court of Chancery under a penalty of £5,000 against Alfred Hooper Nevill and his agents • and the pretences that Nevill has a patent for Arabiaa 'Food and that Du Barry's are connected with such patent are utterly fake. No canister is genuine without the name Barry Du Early and Co., 77, Regent-street, in full, ontheseal and wrapper. Shopkeepers who attempt imposition in one article must expect to be distrusted in all others. Packed in tins llb. 2s. 9d.; 21b. 4s. 6d. 51b. lls. ; 121 b. 225. ; 241 b. 40s. The 121 b. and 241 b. canisters are sent carriage free on receipt of Post-office order by Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Re. gent-street, London; Fortnum Mason, and Co.; Abbit, 60, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63 and 150, Ox-. bard-street ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopegate• street ; Batty, 16, Finsbury Pavement ; Phillips and Ce. tea-dealers; Petty, Wood, and Co., King William-stree,t City ; at 127. High Holborn : and all eracento BIRTHS. CONNOLLY.—On the 16th inst., at 112, Aldersgate-street, the wife of C. T. Connolly, E sq., of , son. HOPE.—On the 17th inst., at St. George's-place E., Mrs. Hope, of a daughter. LEIGIt,--On the 13th inst., at Stoneleigb. Abbey,Warwick shire, Lady Leigh, of a son. MARRIAGES. CARTER—CHARLTON.—On the 17th inst., at St. Barnabas, Kensington, Captain Vernon Brabazon Dean Carter, Bombay Army, to Lucy, eldest daughter of Wm. John Charlton, Esq., of Cheltenham. SCOTT — DOUGLAS.—On the 17th inst., at St. George's, Hanover-square, William Scott, Esq., eldest son of - Sir William Scott, of Ancrnm, Bart., M.P., to Amelia M. Monteath, eldest daughter of Lieut.-General Monteath Douglas, C. 8., of Douglas Support, and Stonebyrol, Lanarkshire, N.B. • DEATHS. BELL.—On the 17th in.st.rat 24, Croom's-hill, Greeiwich, G. M. Bell, Esq. CONOLLY.—On the 12th inst., at Bath, William Conolly, Esq., M.D., late of Hayes - park, Middlesex, aged 68. DEACON.—On the 18th inst., at his residence, Gaseoyne road, South Hackney, Mr. Samuel Deacon, of 164, Leadenhall-street, London. DEACON.—On the 16th inst., James Henry Deacon, Esq., of Holwell House, near Tavistock, aged 78. ELPHINSTONE.—On the 13th inst., at Bournemouth, the Lord Elphinstone, aged 41. FIELD.—On the 17th inst., at 6, Bedford-place, Russell square, the Hon. Wm. Field, Member of the Executive Council of the Cape of Good Hope, &c., aged 61. „ - POCKLINGTON.—On the 16th inst., at his residence, City road, Robert Pocklington, late of Newgate-market and Old Change, aged 83. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TUE SUN ofilee, No. 112, Strand. in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of,Biiddiceex, 54turctity, January 19, 1861. T( hi ari se( off the an( rep lac bea lit Its the bei: lux this strr aki I the the 'chi ins in COi the 'No) lab, to f per. call Nivh the Th: irh Th Th Loi Ito no