The Sun. — London, England, 1856-09-06 00:00:00

MONEY IviIARKET AIS - D COMMEECIAL INTELLIGENOh. CITY, Two o'CLooE. The Liverpool Cotton Market, yesterday, closed steadily. The sales were B,OOJ bales, including. 2,000 for export, and on speculation. The Rail way Share Market closed firmly, and some of the leading lines have advanced to a slight degree. Accounts from the wool market at Breslau, of the 29th August, state the animation exhibited at the beginning of the month had continued up to that time, during which about 3,000 quintals were sold in the market ; and this might have been greater had there been a sufficient quantity of 'certain kinds of wool to meet the wants of the ;manufacturers. The principal buyers were manu !acturers and merchants from Saxony and the Rhine, and agents from other places. The prices ✓ ealised were as follows :—Silesian 95 rtti. to 112 d itto per quintal ; yearling ditto 98 to 100 ✓ ix thalers ; Sterbling 83 to 103 ditto ; long taple in grease 75 to 80, and Hungarian 55 to 57 d itto per quintal. The prices generally were much t he same as at previous sales, and holders of stock bad no difficulty in selling. Up to the close of the ionth there had been no wool of the present clip • !ceived from Russia, but a supply was expected le aortly. The accounts from the Paris wool market likewise report some degree of activity, as has been cperienced during the previous few.weeks, and pi ices continued firm. This firmness appears to b..: general throughout the continental markets. The Bank of England Return, which is completed fo r the week ending the 30th ult., exhibits some unfavourable features. A material addition has 'been made to the amount of private securities, and "the rest has slightly diminished ; but these changes nay be partly ascribed to the demand for money t e meet the last instalment paid on the New Loan, and the preparations effected for the commercial arrangements of the 4th instant. Tlie proceeds of the instalment referred to, were handed over to the Bank of Eng land ; hence the augmentation of the public depo sits. Money continues in active request, and the brokers and capitalists find full employment for their money at full rates ; consequently, the next iteturn is not likely to show any sensible ameliora tion. The bullion, owing to the continued ab sitraction of gold for transmission to the Continent, has still further slightly declined. Active Circulation Increase Bullion Decrease £20,124,595 185,450 12,337,107 48,649 3,688,406 272,083 5,590,339 863,493 9,734,553 287,276 930,444 47,479 12,114,078 52,056 15,645,152 1,082,822 6,063,720 223,930 Rest . Increase Public Deposits Increase Other Deposits Decrease Seven-Day and other Bills Increase Government Securities Increase ... Other Securities ... Increase ... Notes unemployed Decrease . The official return of the exports of bullion from the port of London for the week ending Thursday last is as follows : 334 Ozg. ... 2,300 Ozs. 50 Ozs. 255 Ozs. 320 Ozs. 600 Ozs. Gold Coin II If II If „ Bars ...... I, r e . Silver Coin Mexican Dollars... Rottei:dam ... 4,335 Ozs. It is expected that the affairs of the Royal British Bank will be arranged by the shareholders SW depositors without an appeal to the Courts of Chancery or Bankruptcy, which would only cause unnecessary delay and expense. The views of the depositors, expressed at the meeting last night, bill, it is thought, be met, as far as practicable, by kost of the shareholders, who, up to the present time, have shown every disposition to bring matters to as favourable a termination as possible, notwith standing the heavy losses which they will inevit ably sus t a i n. The market for public securities has been rather unfavourably affected by the discouraging Bank of England Returr, above analysed, but the prices of the Funds have not been depressed more than Per cent. Consols have been 94i to 95, and 94i to 95 for money and the 10th inst. For October t hey have been 95, 1. The transfer books are 40 W closed for Bank Stock an 1 the Reduced An nuities, but the latter were called 95g. The New Threes are 95g I. Exchequer Bills are firm at 15s. to 16s. prem. Not more then half-a-dozen securities in the Fo reign Market have attracted business, but prices have ruled firm. Turkish Small Bunds have been 1 9 3 1, Dutch 4 per Cents. 98k, Sardinian 911 Rus sian 5 per Cents. 109 k, and Brazilian 1021 103. The following are the nominal prices of Foreign s tocks ••—Grenada Deferred Bonds, 7i ; Mexican, s 22 i ; Peruvian, 80 2 ; ditto 3 per Cents., 58 9 ; 'ortugueso 3 per Cents., 45i 6 ; Russian 5 per Cents., 108 9 ; ditto 41 per Cents., ; Spa -4141 3 per Cents., 44i- 5/ ; ditto New Deferred, 25 ; ditto Passive, 6 7. Railway Shares have been dull, and, with the e leeption of Great Westerns, which are higher, lower prices are current. The foreign and colonial d escriptions were generally at previous rates. Nor thern of France, however, have declined to 40, °wing to the losses sustained by the reported em bezzlement of 40,0001. by two of the company's Principal officials. Rigas are 11; prem. Mines, Banks, and Miscellaneous shares are heavy. B RITISH FUNDS THIS DAY.—CLOSING PRICES. ( Hom the Official List. Onnp ; per Cent. Reduced Annuities._ Shut with div. for May " l'or Cent. Consols Annuities ! . 4i 5 41 5 -17 3 per Cent. Annuities 0 11 r , so 01:. Account - ‘jousol Scrip 3l p E :chequer Bills, 20. £10&) • .t500 PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY. Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent. Ditto Small t Ditto 5 per Cent. (Rothschild's) Ilssiau Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent lo9i x d kiardini an Bowls, 5 per Cent. .. . .• ...Ditto Account kieh Bonds, 6 par cent . Ditto Small DiviCends on the above ,a5-ahlo in London. D utch Exchange, 24 per Cent., 12 Guilders Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates TWO O'CLOCK. Con Pols money 94i 4 Ditto iccount MINING INTELLIGENCE.--The reaction in the mining market has been very rapid and great, whilst the demand I'4 good dividend mines increases daily, and prices are re covering from the fall occasioned by the temporary ' i ecline in copper. South Frances shares have advanced t ° 365, ex div., hnd are in request. Mary Ann shares . 4 , 4 ve reached 37 to 38 ; Basset, 290 to 300 ; Buller, 50 to 300 ; North Basset, in which a large business 1461 h ," been transacted, 366 ; West Basset, 30 to 31 ; .trewetha, 3 ; Gonamena, 26 to 281 ; Devon Consols, 405 . In Grenville, large purchases have been made, et 28s. to 31s. ; in addition to ore coming into fPe shafts at Newton Moor, the cross cut in the 70 t / level north, from the south mine, appears to u n e approaching a lode. Trevelya,n, 6 ; Wheal Wrey, ° to 81 ; East Tolgus, after reaching 70 to 75, have r eceded to 40, 50 ; Uny, 4 to 4,1 ; Alfred Consols, 13 ° 131 ; South Carn Brea, 10i to 11 ; Providence ‘ dines, 60 to 61 ; West Frances, 20 ; West Stray Park, 7 to - 86 ; Trelawny, 226 ; Rosewarne, 65; Sortrid;ozi ~‘-'ensole , 26 ; South Tolgus, 130, 140. 150 ; South Cara u i °n in good demand, at 285 to 295; United Mines, 1 % ; Clijah and Wentworth, 10 to 11 ; Kitty (Lelant), to 116; Wh, , al Margaret, 426 ; West Seton, 250 ; ' - ',_enstanville, 25 ; Calva4neck, 66 ; Condurrow, 130. 41 in/ fl y Journal of this day. T he FOR THE GREAT EASTERN STEAM SHIP.— 'ue huge forgings for the gigantic steamer Great Eas-- ; ‘ ,,n, at present building at Black wall, were yesterday the to their destination. These forgings, made by " 4 ° Lancefield Forge Company, were described in the ly M ail some months ago, and since that time they have have Lancefihld, the company being unable to obtain " nt shipmaster willing to undertake the very serious rink r ,"' Conveying them to the Thames. When lying at the 1 . 4. 114 Y, yesterday, every one that psied stopped and rdat the unwieldy but finely-finished blocks of iron, rd seem e d perfectly amazed at their immense size. It mere creditable to the Lancefieid Company that they t e the only parties in the kingdom who would under „...amithe manufacture of these, the largest forgings in the orid. Now that they have been shipped with out accident, it is to be hoped they will reach Black pafety.—Nortl4 Daily Mad. THE St)N s LONDON, SATURDAi SEPTEMB I ER 6, t. 66. SHARE MARKETS. iTillS DAY.) RAILWAYS. ZA.MWATS. Closing Prices yesterday. 'aid, imbg. Nottng. Bo.• and Ruth. Junot 331fant ie Lyman: Sinning. Wolverh Stour Valley ', , ;irke.rhd. Lin 'sly, o.l:esldre Rmet Do. Cheep. & Birk. Do., do. yth & Tyne origins. £25 (ised. at £4t Bristol and Exeter Caledonian. Chester do Holyhead. Cork and Bandon Cork, Black, dr Pass Cornwall Do. A Do. B DublindaielfastJtme Dun. P. dr Aber. Jim East Anglian Eastern Counties..., Fast. Union. A Elt)3 I. B. Stook. Do., New A ~ East Kent ilast Lancashire 91dinburgh di Clasgo• Edinb. and Peebl( s Edin. Prth 4T)und g'orth & Clyde Jun: Furness Do. Extension Glasgow &S. West Great N. of Scotlnd Great Northern Do., A. Stock Do., B. Stock., „ qt.ath.&West.(lre Great Westen, Do. Stour Val. Rai Ona. Stk.. Irish South-Easterr 1. -. :nPaster & Car nal. Do., Thirds Do. Now Thirdts t.,... , licash.andYorkE•L f)o., I;Vet. Biding lit Do. Southror London & Blackwar! Goad. Bright & S.Cst Lond. and N. Westr Do. Fifths Do.lOI. Sh.,M&B ..( Do. EighthL. London and FL Vi'tn Lon. Tilby. & South, Barking Sh (Lndndrry&Colerain( Lndndrry. & Ennisk Wanch.Shef. & Linch )0.. Man. & Lin. Un. Ifetropolitan Ifidland Do. Birmng. & Derb If idld. G. West. (Ire,, !)o. Half Shares Newcastle & Carlisle, Nwpt.Aberg. &Had Newry & EnniskilleT Newry, Warrengo!ni and Rostrevor Norfolk Nortlin.Counties Ern North British Nth, Devon Rail. & Dock Stock Do., A Stock Do., B Stock ..... N. Eastern—Berwic Do. do. Extension Do.do. G.N.E. ?web Do. Leeds Do. York North London N.&S.Wstrn.,Hany stead, and City Jn.. North Staffordshire North Western N. & S. Westrn. Jun, Ox., Wore., & Wolv. Portsmouth Scottish Central... -hropshire Union south Devon south Eastern :oath Wales Yrksh. Riv. Dn Do, &nes, Wok. tzWo , Stockton & Darling. Do., do., 1854 Do., do., 1855 .toOI - ten di Hartlep Vale •• ••. Do. Pref., No. I._ Thames Hay. D.& R Vale of heath Waterfd. & Kiikenn - WAterford&Limer',•h West Cornwall..... West End of Loud, and Crystal Palace.. Do. A ......, ....... 1 1 Do. B Wed London... Wbublodn &Croydo 4} - 4 8j - 9 19 - 20 5i - 17 13 - 14 94 - 95 52 52 16} • . '' . ... ". .. 64 2 14 16 - 17 9 - 94 36 - 38 25 - 27 7 - 5 81 - 83 53 - 56 36 - 37; 90 - 92 8 - 95i - 13. 84 -- 85 [3O - 133 17 - 119 64i • 65 74 - 77 6 - 8 6 8 974 97i 6i - 7 !05 le7 03 -• 104 ,! iP i __f 06 - 106, 33' I in - 80i -80 i 51 - 58 15. 52 - 54 3i - Sv 40 _ 41. ••• " ... 80 - 81. 3 -2! -17 i 57 58 92 - 94 5 - 4i 6i - 7 10} - 11 30 - 32 1 08 - 110 49 - 61 15 -15 A 724 - 773. 81 - 83 5 - 3 2- 1 d 15 - 17 36 37 19} -• 20 51 - 61 24 • 26 6i 6 - 8 2 - 4 5 - 54 .8 ... ''''' FOREIGN. A nt7.7orpfkßott. rusn Ardennes Atlan.& St.Lw. leased, at 6 p. e. hi Gd.Tnk. of Canada „..„.... 1 • k-ig!ai, ;,aY,T.I. Jam 73oziers to an Bat Kir Bombay , Baroda, an Con. India, g. 5 p. Do. Buff. & Lk. Hur. Ry., Canneaux& Toulouse, Coal Mines and Ry. Denierara f)utoh Rhenish Eastern of France Do. New East Indian, g. 5 p Do A and B, do ~.. IDo. Es. C, gu. 5 p. c iDo. do. D, gu. 5 p. c. D 0.4 A p.c.Bnds. ;5'7 Do. do. do., '59, do. Gee'ong Melbourne guar. 5 rer coat Gd. irk of CanadaAi Do. Cert. of Dobon, con. into Stk. till'8: Do. Comp. 6 p. c., do. Gt. Ceutral of Fran: Gt. Pen. g. 5 p. c Do New, gut. 5 p. C. , Jreat Lusenabour Constituted Share Ot.V'estern of Canna It Shares Do. New Do. Bds., payable 's' Do. do., '76, p. '6O Do, do., '73 do. Do. do., '73, withow option Lal(e Conet. & Bash Lierre and Turnhout I Lombardo Venetian. Lucca S Pist. 5 p. c.p I Lyons and Genova . Lyons & Mediterrnr. tadras, guar. 41 p.c Do. Now do., 5 p. c Do. 4/ p. c. Exton Do. 3d Ex., g. sp. c , Waria Antonia Do. do. New irattur es Liege (wit Interest) )0. (ex interont)..,. Do. do , C p. c. Pref "orthorn of France ^TorwercianTrunkPre 'Paris and Lyons__ )itto Bonds PariFt and Orleans., Recife & San. Fran, (Pere am.) g. 7 p. c. Riga & Dunaburg is. at 801. per share... Rome and Frascati. ; , ,yal Danish ..... „.., Royal Swedish ,anlbre and Manse_ gin. 5i p. cent. Pref. 3 , ..inde, guar. 5 p. c. Do ;cuthern of France 3t. An d r ow's and Quebec (A)... ell Vest Flanders all Do 5 A per c. Prof..,. all di N. W. of France West. of Switzerland all Wiesbaden all n,,,,..t0rd JOIJNT'I I .BTOI A.ustraissi Bank of Egypt Bank of London tiri. Col. Bk.ean. C. iiriti*h N. American. Chartd. Bank of Ask. IChrtd. Bnk. of India, Australia, & China City colonial Commercial of Lond Loud. Chnit. Bk. o' Mistry lit Ditto New Tendon and Con at y) Lnd &E. Bnk g. Corp London Joint Stock London and Paris Gond. & Westminste, National Pro. e 1 Eng Do. New tiationzl of Bank !Tow South Walet Oriental Bank pf Corporation Ottoman Bank I'rovincial of Ireland Uo. Now R Ass B &Go Im Royal British iontla A.ustralis 'Tnit.rt of tir.strblis:. )0. Now Onion of London 6. Western Bk of Loud 711 - 7i 4 - 5 2. - 3 - 2 d 5} - 5i 2A 364 36 13 —l4 22i - 234 2.4 224 - 23 22 - 23i' i3i -14 h 83 - 85 6f -6?, 21i - 22 - liT 4j - 5h 241 - 2 - 2ii 99 - 101 118 1 23 11.8 - 123 110 112 C - 611,' - PTr 10i 2 - lrl - 9R - 9i - 9i 20 - 40 - 40 53 -53 A 5a 55 I - lit, 19i 20: I 14 124 13 9a 10 2 t l - 2g - pm ••• -- ••• 4 - 5/ 1 94 - 10 37 - 38 19 - 20 BA.MIb. 104 105 d l P 68 70 - 1 p 14 - 11 71 -- 73 •••- '''' ... f e i 7_ iii 21 - 22 1 - 2p 1 - 3p 10 5 d • •• .... • .6 •✓ .. N • 47 - 49 391 - 40 •. •••• . •• ..". .... 36 - 68 - 70 7i - 13à r. 2 Business done this day LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. RAILWAYS. Bedford aad Blotchley ... Bry:kgliarnsh. Clydesdal Col. Stour Vy. Sud. and Hal. E. Lin. g. 6 pc. E. Un. H. Glas. Barr. & Neils. Direct Do. New...... Olstr.e.. - Dn Fr Dk. & Railway..... Hull Selby Do. Shares. Do. Shares. Lon.&Greenw Do. Preference Lon., Til., & S. Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent. Do. 6 per ct. Manch. Bstn. and Matloeh Middlesbro' & Rodear. Midld. Bradfrt Newmarket Bury E. G4spc N.dr Est.s p. c. Do. 6 per ct. Do. Fixeds p c Prest. & I'l , yr Do. Shrß. A Roystn.& Hit. Slief.Roth.anr Gooleg.s p.c Shrews. &Her S. Staffordsh. Wear Valley gr G por cent... Do Wilts&gomrst Do.. LO:1814 Compan London & N. We!t. L.&N.W. Calodon E. Un. & E. C Qt. Nrthn E. Count IC9.ldoni.t.kn, Qt. NT( stn Ik. New. Berw Do •« "-- IS. &star) Do Peto & Co Norfolk,, Do L.& N. W & Mdi& Stekton &. Darlingt. En. Coun. E. Count Do L. &N.W. Do ...... ... Gt North n Lancash & Yorksh. T. Brassey tif.MClean Stockt. & Dariingt 110 I qtWestn. Clewine yesterd 97 -- 100 100 -- 105 12 - 14 L 39 - 141 4 ... 4i 27 29 ,a 107 12i - 134 234 - 21.} na 116 24 - 51 - 95 57 - 59 i.is iio 84 3 —21. d 32a 336' 91 93 141 D 0.., PREFERENCE SHARES. St. IVu - , .berdeeu Deben. St. 100 no. 6 per cent. St. 100 Do. No. 2,7 p. 0. • al, , -?lythandTyne 10pc o. pref. (issd. :A 50/ ... • ,(41 3rim. & Ex. 4p.c. St ... 20 r, Do. 4p. c. Shares . . St. t £lO lOO 102 Ihes.&llo.Gu. 5i Pt 16 17 9t i.l/ Do. do. Pref. No. 2. ... 2t all Do. do. Plot. No. 2. all Cork &Bandons 54 al Dun.Prth.dt Aber.J. 6 —, 6 10 2 SI. Anglian Cle. A Sh. St. 100 Do. de. Cls. B6p. c. 107 112 St. 100 Do. do Cls. C7p. c. 100 105 all Eas.Co.Ex,speNo. 1 r pm 6. all Do. No. 2 10 all Do. Now 6p.0. St 12/ 134 20 all gest Un., G. 6p. c. 5 all Do. 51., 10 per cent ... IC all Do. 101. Debentr.Sh. kit. al. Do. do. 4 per cent — St. 100 Eaet Lancash. 6 p.cts • .•• 5 all Fr,. &W. York. S. sth , . 10 3 Edit'. & G 1.5 p.c. sh. St. 100 gd. Prth.&Dun.4p.c 79 81 20 all Furness d St. 100 Gies. &5.W.G.5 p.c •-•• St. 100 Great Northn. sp. c 117 119 St. 100 Do. sp. a. Redeem, at 10 p. c. prem... 110 112 St. 101, Do. 4 p. c. lO3 105 Do. 5 p.c. Scrip, Red. at sp. c. pm... . 163 65 if all lt.N. of Scot. Wire 104 104 St. 1.00 It. S. &W. (Ireland) ... • 20 13 Do. 4 per (3. S 50 6 Gt.W.(B.tH•Exspe 6 6 4 . St 100 Do. con. led. 44 p.c. 95 97 St 100 Do. con. red. 4p. c. 89 91 St. 100 Do. irred. 4p. c. 89 91 St.. 100 Do. sp. c. red. pref 99 • 101 8 all Do. Birm. Pref. Sh.. 94 101 10 all Do• Chester 8 p.c.P.S 164 —17 j 10 all Do. do. sp. c. do.. 10 —10 A St 100 Do. Birm. Gna. Stk 73 75 25 all Do. Ches. Gus. Sh 2Ol 201 13 all Do. do. do loi 101 20 all Do. do. do l5l 15; 16 6 rAn. &York. F. £2 4 St. 100 Do. 6p. a. Stock . 138 - - 140 St. 100 fkn.&Brigh.G.sp.e. St. 100 Do. Pref., sp. c. St. ... St 100 Do. New Guar.6 p. c St. [OO Do. do. 5 per cent . St. 1.00 , on. &N. W., Coy. 14 rUuueaton 5 p. ct.. St 1.00 a on. &S.W. 7 per ct late 3d Shares 159 161 12. all ...endy. & Color. Si• 12. ill Londy. & Ennis.. Sh • St. 10.. L.,6 p. Cen 124 127 h 14 Do. do. do. £6 4 St. 100 Do. do. per cent. 65 68 C._ all Aarypt .& C?.r1.4 pr. ..• 12. all Do. 4; per cont — • - 12: 10 Do. do. St. 100 Aid. Consol.6 p.c.St . _ St. 00 Do. Con.l3r.Bir, 6p( 136 138 St. 100 De. 4i p. c. Pref. - 99 101 xd St. 100 Ditto L. &H. Pref. S 89 91 New., Aber., &c., pr. t 10 1.1.1 k r 5 p. c. red. 5 p.c. f 10 4 Do. Perpet. 6 p et. with optn. till 'C 14 —14 p 10 all Norfolk Debenture ... St. 00 Do. Pref. sp. c. Steel St. 00 Do. 5 p.c. Ext • ••• St. 00 Do. 5i per ct.prof... St. 00 Do. Way • Val. sp. c St. 'OO North British lO5 —1( 7 St. 'ln sz.E. Perw, 4 p.c. P 52 —94 934 17 8i Do. do. do 1 20 1: )o Leeds 6 p.c 12 , 9 Do. do. Quarters ... •• 2F; 10 Do.Yorkll,& NI. 1i --id 20 all North Staffordshire. .. St. .00 , z W. 15/ 6pe 108 110 z d 10 all Do R. Pref. 10/. Sh. 3i all Scot. Cent. ,New Pref pm 25 all South Devon in 16 10 all Do. fixed, 4i per cent .o.' all S. Eastern (Reading Ann.) of £1 Os. 6d. 24i 25 3t. 1.00 Do. 4i per cent lOO 103 10 all Do. Fixed 44 pc sh lO —10 i 3t. 100 3. Wales Gus. 4p. c St. 100 D.. do. 4. p. c.... „„ 20 all S.Yorksh.4p.e.Guar. 25 all Stock. & Dar., sp. c. 27 23 z d 25 15 Do. do. do 2 3 p 124 all Stock. & Hartl. g. 5 p. c. till July 1, 4i Watorfd.& Kilk.6pe 1i —14 d MINES. I all A.gua Fria 103 ‘ll Angle Californian 20 7 4 .u5tra1ian........ ' 1 li 1 All 13;,clen (G.l.Duchy of ... ... SO ‘ll P.lian. • r Iron & (e& ... ... • 20 14 Illritish iron 5 • 7 35 26!ilirazillanImp.(issuee at 1;,'; pm.) 10 all Do. Cocacs k Culab ,, 31 4 20 15 Do. St. John Del Re.) 21 23 1 i ' . Clarendon Cons. Min Co. of Jamaica h in 40 all ICobre Copper 55 58 5 14 Colonial Gold — ... St. all Copper Min. of Eng. 30 35 25 all iDo. Prof. 74 p. cent 26 28 ••• tr. 'Copiapo l6 18 2 li 'Fortuna i id 20 all i Genual l4 15 1 all Gt„NuggetVoinßog i 4 41 all Great Polgooth . ... ... 5 all Gt Wheal Vor United 24 lid 1 all Liberty • • .•• 3 all Linares 7 8 5 11 Lusitanian tcl 4 1 all Mariquita . ..... 1 i 1 all New Granada .. f 1 all Nouveau Monde 20 all ,Pontgi.Sil.& Le. Min. 9 11 5 I !Port Philip . 1 all Quartz Rock — ... 50 all I Rhymnoy Iron 25 27 15 all Do. New 6 8 30 14i Santiago de Cuba... - 24 ... Cs. 'Sort. Cons. Min. C O 2l 24 24 4 1 all South Australian i I . 1 all I Do. Scrip... i 1 all ;Do. 10 per cent Prof ... ... 44 'Tam. S. &L. Min. Co. 4 11 10 all fin Croft ...... ...... 3t 44 281 all United Mexican 34 41 1 all Waller ••• ••• 1 all West Mariposa i— i 1 120 Worthing Mining ci Anitralis MISCELLANBOUP. - 24 19 Australian Agricult. 251 26' IP .11 ins'.3. - aln. Royal Mail lu all Merlin Water Work 5a 6 56 40 American Land 0.) 3 , Janada -4t, 1,0 41.00.Ap.e.-Tan&.;nV .13i - tl4_ ; St. 100 Do. 6 p.c. Feb & Aug ...- St. 100 Do, 6p c. Mar & Sept all Crystal Palace 2 —2 21 5 all 90, Preference.. 5 5i 4 a 1 Crystal Pal. of France 1 fi Duston Iron Ore. 20 ILN Eastern Steam St. 100 Electric Telegraph 931 —• 95a 1 all Electric Teleg. of Ir ,. 5 all En.&Aus Cop Sm Co 1a 25 all Gem Iron Sc Collier ... 15 14 Gen. Steam Navigat. 16 all General Screw Steam 13i 131 4 all Lond. Gen. Omnibus 31 4 4 20 10 Magdalena St. Navig . . . 10 all "lediteran. Elec. Tel. .8 10 10 all Ilexicau&S.Americn. 4i 41 25 5 Nat. Discount Co ti ' I AP 1 all Nat. Pat. Steam Fue , 10 5 Netherlands Land ll. 20 all Do. Do. 5 3 Do. SpcP iss atl d 1— if) 100 80 New B. & N.S. Land 21 26 ••• ••• N.S.W. Gov. sp.c.D, ] all N. P. Australasian,,, 20 15 Nrth.ofEuropeStaam 13k 131 1 all Oriental Gas. 1 1 2s. Do. "New Shares" p iP P 3 a all Peel Rr. Ld. & Minrl. 21 2i 50 all Peninsular& Oriental 65 67 50 10 Do. New 4 5 p 100 60 Royal Mail Steam 72 —74 1 all Scot. Austral. Invest. , 14 11 1 Ditto New — 25 all South Austral.l.and 351 —36 i 1 at Snbmar. Tel.ScriP.« 1i 1 all Do. Registered. I 20 5 Prust6 L.oo.ll.Can, 100 28 Van Diemen's Lane 15i 16 . 4 ir s cho6P•CoYantauly m nusinciw this la 7 LAW INTELLIGENCE.—',Ths Day.) COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. (Before Mr. Commissioner Fane.) IN RE THE ROYAL BRITISH BANK. Mr. Chidley, the solicitor to the petitioning creditor, now applied to open that petition, and proceed to adju dication i❑ the usual form, the case having been balloted to Mr. Commissioner Holroyd. His Honour suggested that the case should be ad journed until Monday next, and heard before Mr. Hol royd ; but Mr. Chidley was instructed to press his application. His Honour said that, in that case, be would hear the application in a private room. Mr. Chidley, as the solicitor to the petitioning creditor, was entitled to have the meeting, but the proceedings were private up to the choice of assignees. Several gentlemen representing shareholders expressed a desire to be present. His Honour said that perhaps Mr. Chidloy would not object. Mr. Chidley said that at present he could not corsen His Honour mid that aoy application to be allowed to be present must be made to him, in the private room, when he would decide. The parties then retired. In the event of the adjudication taking place, of which there can be little doubt, Mr. Johnstone, the messenger of the court, will immediately place his assistants in possession at all the different places of business. THE DESTRUCTION OF THE SOUTH TAMAR VINES. The unfortunate destruction of the South Tamar Mines by the breaking in of the River Tamar, has been the engrossing subject of conversation in mining circles, and although it has been resolved to obtain the advice of an engineer as to the prac ticability of stopping the hole in the bed of the Liver, the general opinion is that the mine is irre deemably destroyed, and the realisation of the assets the most desirable movement on the part of the shareholders. A few months since, the silver lead ores discovered and laid open in the mine were valued at 80,0001., the greater part of which is consequently lost. At the time the water broke in, 120 tons were lying broken uudergronnd, and ready to be brought to surface. On examining the accounts, it would appear that after paying the last month's cost the cash and ore bills in hand will leave 2,0001. to the credit of the shareholders, ex clusive of ores and halvans at surface, and the machinery, which consists of five steam-engines on East Tamar, timber, erections, &c., the whole of which cannot have cost the shareholders less than 20,0001., but which is not likely to realise half that amount, the pitwork being entirely lost. The South Tamar Mine formed part of the old Beeralstm., worked in the time of Queen Anne, and yielding very large quantities of silver. Of late years, the richest workings have been under the river. The present company was formed eight or nine years ago, iu 9,000 shares, at 9s. each, and the calls afterwards were 17s. 6d. per share, making 1/. Gs. 6d. per shaae paid up by the shareholders, or less than 10,0001., whilst the mine at one period stood at a market value of 101, per share. or 90,0001. The outlay for machinery, plant, &c.,, and for opening out the mine in a proper manner has been very great in deed, and all paid out of the produce of the mine (with the exception of the small sum paid up by the shareholders, as before mentioned), and 31,9591. have been divided as profit amongst the adventurers, the first dividend, of 4,5001., having been paid in 1852 ; in 1853, 6,7501. ; 1854, 10,125/. ; in 1,1855, 6,075/. ; and in the early part of the pre sent year 4,5001. The ores of the mine were rich for silver.—Mining Journal. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(This Day.) LONDON, Sept. 6.—Wind this day at noon, S.E. ; light breeze and fine weather. PLYMOUTH, Sept. 5.---Wind E.S.E.— : Arrived—Melody, from Buenos Ayres ; Margaret and Ann, Quebec. The American ship Ocean Home, from Rotterdam, for New York, was in collision off the Lizard, with the Cherubim, from New York to London, and sunk. FALMOUTH, Sept. 5.--Wind E.S.E., strong.—Arrived —Dan,' from Santos ; Augusta, Hartlepool, for Liverpool, to stop a leak. Off the port—American ship Margaret, from Havana, for St. Petersburg ; Energy, Qaebec. SHIELDS, Sept. s.—Wind S.—Sailed—Epaminondas, for Bombay. STARCROSS, Sept. s.—Wind S.E.—Arrived—John Brown, from Quebec. GLOUCESTER, Sept. s.—Sailed—Alma, from St. John's, N. 8.; City of London, Quebec. ST. DAVID'S, Sept. 5.-LA quantity of wreck, including three large deck beams, supposed to be part of a good sized colonial built ship has been picked up on this coast this week. PENZA NCit, Sept. 4.—Wind S.E., fresh, saiied—Presi dent, fur Pernambuco. (PER XLEOTRIO TELEGRAPH.) LIVERPOOL, Saturday Morning. Wind SE. Arrived—Leicester, from Bombay; Little Dorrit, Princo Edward Island; Philadelphia, New York; Admiral Lyons, Quebec. Off—Governor, from Cuba. Sailed—San Jose, for Corunna; Sultana, New York ; Amelie, Dunkirk; Jurgen Brunckhorst, ConstAntinople. DUBLIN, Sept. 5. Wind S. Arrived—Calima and Burmah, from St. John's, N.B. ; Indus, Miramichi ; Infanta, Rotterdam. QUEENSTOWN, Sept. 4. Wind SSE. Arrived -Affghan, from Richibucteo; John Richards, St. John's. Or SUBMARINE AND BRITISH TELEGRAPH.) GRAVESEND, Saturday, 10.10 a.m. Wind E , tide 4 hours' ebb ; fine. _ _ _ Arrived—Kielmansegge, from Harburg; Tiger, Tonning; Alexander, Konigsburg ; James Moorhouse, Rotterdam; Brilliant, St. Stephen's ; William, transport steamer, Kerteh ; Giraffe, steamer, Rotterdam. Sailed—Minna, for Malta ; Golden Fleece, Algoa Bay. DEAL, Saturday, 9.57 a.m. Wind S.E. ; fresh. Passed—Ocean Wave, from Memel, for Llanelly. LIGHTING OF ST. MABGARET'S CHURCHYARD.—Owing to the frequency of garotte robberies in St. Margaret's churchyard the attention of the parochial authorities was directed to the fact, that many of them were occa sioned by the want of proper lights in the neighbour hood. In consequer,cs of this intimation, workmen were yesterday busily engaged in erciting numerous gas lamps across the yard. Alvices from Elsinore of Aug. 31, mention that on that day four Russian vessels of war anchored off there, coming from Archangel ; they were lung three-masted schooners, that had been built in Archangel, and were on their way to Cronstadt to take in their engines and full complement of guns, and where they will also be fitted with screws. Several more vessels of the same class are expected shortly to pass through the Sound bound from their building yards in Archangel to their port of completion, Cronstadt. MELBOURNE AND BOBSON'S BAY.—At the ordinary meeting of this company, held in Melbourne, for the half-year ending the 30th of April last, a dividend at the rate of 8 per cent, per annum was declared. The capital account to the 30th of April showed that 189,3161. had been expended on the main line, and 4,1181. en the St. Kilda branch. The general ba'ance sheet showed a total of 207,2601 , iuclnding 167,365/. received on shares, 27,082/, on loan, 3,8891. claims against the company, and 8,9231. balance of revenue. On the other side of the account appeared 189,3161. expended on the main line, 4,1181. on the St. Kilda branch, 1,5201. claims due to the company, 2061. ca4l in band, and 12,1081. esti mated value of stores. The revenue account for the ix months ending the 30th of April, 1856 showed that 21,3061. had been received, including 9,5381, for passengers, 1,072/. for parcels, and 10,1451. f or mer chandise. The expenditure amounted to 11,2161., leaving a balance of 10,0901. To this sum was added 12,7761., the balance on the 31st of October, 1855, making a dispo , able sum of 52,867/. Out of this was deducted 12,4041. for dividend at the rate of 8 per cent., 1,5401. interest on loan, leaving a balance of 8,9231. The proceedings concluded with a vote of thanks to the directors. THE CIVIL SERVICE.—War avrtme.rit.—The Bar rack-mastership of Preston has become vacant by the death of Lieutenant .cEneaa 11/I.‘Goldrick. Colonel Wil ford has been appointed Governor of the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich ; Copt Buller has been ap pointed Governor of the New Convict Establishment, Chatham. The Home Department.—The office et one of the metropolitan police magistrates has become vacant by the death of Mr. Gilbert Abbot A'Bec !tett. House of Commons.—A. succes.sorship in the House of Commons has become vacant by the death of Mr. Hugh Mallow. Post-effice.—Mr, J. R. Ekins has been appointed clerk to the Postmaster of Deal. Knights of Windsor.—A Vacancy or) the Royal foundation of the Military Knights of 'Windsor has been caused by the death of Lieutenant Hugh Fleming. Coast guard.—A vacancy has been caused in the Second-Mastership at Swanage, Dorset, by the death of Mr. Sydney Yorke Askey. Customs.—Mr. J, F. Hadden has been promoted from Collector at Portsmouth to be Coleeter at Greenock; Mr. D. Col quhaun has been promoted from Collector at Limerick to be Collector at Portsmouth ; Mr. J. Ross has been promo' ed from Collector at Dover to be Collector at Limerick ; Mr. .T. G. Beresford has been pro moted from Collector at Penzance to be collector at Dover ; Mr. W. H. Holmes has been promoted from Collector at Galway to be Collector at Penzance ; Mr. A. Thomson has been promoted from Controller at Whitehaven to be Collector at Galway ; Mr. NV. Tick ner has been promoted from Controller at Newry to be Controller at Whitehaven ; Mr. J. Hughes has been promoted from Collector at Bridgewater to be Controller at Newry ; Mr. G. Williams has been promoted from Controller to Collector at Bridgewater ; Mr. T. Jack son has been promoted from Collector at Coleraine to be Controller at Bridgewater. Malta.—A. vacancy has been created in the office of Superintendent of Quaran tine and of Marine Police by the death of Captain Graves, Scrvice awe*. POLICE INTELLIGENCE,—(This Day.) BOW-STREET. PLATE ROBBERY.—Two men named Smith aid Stacey were placed at the bar, on remand, charged with stealing a quantity of plate. From the evidence it appeared that the property in question belonged to a gentleman named Pettar, resid it,g at No. 40, Gower-street, and was safe a few minutes before it was missed by the servant. It is supposed that the robbery was committed by some parties climb• ing over the wall, as the plate basket was found there. The police-constable, who apprehended the men, stated that a man named Read told him that a man who was at the Whea,tsheaf public-house had a quantity of valuable property in his possession, and that it would be advisable to see that he was not robbed. He did so, and from circumstances that came to his know ledge afterwards, he apprehended both prisoners, and charged them with the robbery. The prisoner Smith stated that he had purchased the articles at a sale, and that he should be able to prove he was in bed when the robbery was committed. The whole evidence having been read over, the magis trate said there was no evidencs against Stacey, and he should therefore discharge him, but he should commit Smith for trial. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. CHARGE OF EMBEZZLEMENT.—Robert Taylor, a young man in the service of Mr. H. Rodel, bookseller, No. 21, Old Bond-street, was brought before Mr. Bingham charged with embezzling several sums of money received for and on account of his master. It appeared from the evidence that the prisoner was a messenger in the employ of the prosecutor, and it was his duty to collect in moneys, and regularly to account to him for the sums collected. This the prisoner neglected to do, and absconded from his employ about a month ago. This circumstance excited prosecutor's suspicion, and on making inquiry he discovered that the prisoner had been receiving several small sums of money on his (prosecutor's) account. Prosecutor was only prepared with one case, and the person from whom the prisoner received a sovereign was now present. Madame Bonnecourt, 23, Newport-street, stated that she was a tenant of prosecutor's. About a month ago pri oser called upon her for the rent due, and she then paid him a sovereign, for which he gave her a receipt. The prisoner said he admitted receiving the money and spending it. This made him afraid to return to the prosecutor. The prosecutor said the prisoner was a well•educated young man, and although there were other cases against him he would not press the charge against him with severity, as he (prosecutor) thought the present affair would be a warning to him for the future. The prisoner was then sentenced to three months' ira. prisonynent with hard labour. THAMES. DARING BURGLARY AND ROBBERY. --Thomas Nutter, a tall young man, who gave his address No. 7, Bell-lane, Spitalfields, and who is known to be an associate of thieves, was brought before Mr. Selfe, charged with bur glariously breaking and entering the premises of Mr. Thomas Bevan, general dealer, No. 35, Lambeth-street, Whitechapel, and stealing therefrom three hams, Nibs. of tobacco, 161bs. of tea, and other property, and 21.155. in money. Mr. Bevan said his premises had been broken int') in the course of the night, and the property and money stated in the charge-sheet carried away. The thieves effected an entrance by bending the stout iron bar which secured the shutters outside the shop, and then slipping a shutter from its place, and taking out a pane of glass. Mr. Selfe.—That must have taken some time, and made a good deal of noise. Mr. Bevan supposed so. The thieves took everything of any value in the shop. I secured the plate, as I thought, safely last night. James Hoare, a police constable, No. 178, then stated that he was on duty in Fashion-street, Spitalfielda, this morning, about half-past three o'clock, Ind saw the pri soner carrying something bulky in a sack. He asked the prisoner what he had got in the sack, to which he replied "Nothing." He opened the sack and found in it the two large hams produced, weighing together 401bs. He asked the prisoner where he obtained the hams, and he at first said his father gave them to him in Bolt• court, Spittalfields ; but on reaching the station he said he bought the two hams of a man opposite Whitechapel Church, at two o'clock in the morning. Mr. Bevan iaentified the hams, and said he lost a third, which was " in cut." Mr. Selfe remand,d the prisoner until Thursday next. REFORMING THE YOU G.—James Kelly, an Irish boy, aged 13, was brought up on remand before Mr. Selfe, charged with stealing a quartern loaf from a baker's shop. The charge was clearly roads out, and it was stated by the boy's father, a coalwhipper, that he had three other children to support, that his earnings were 12s. per week only, and that the prisoner was a very bad boy, whom he could not reclaim. Mr. Selfe—What religion is the boy The Father—He is a Roman Catholic. Mr. Selfe—Then I can provide fur his reformation, and L am sorry there is no reformatory school established in the county of Middlesex for Protestant juvenile offenders. I sentence the boy to be imprisoned for three weeks, and kept to hard labour, and that he be after. wards sent to the Roman Catholic Reformatory School, at Brook-green, Hammersmith, and detained there for three yearn. He will be educated in the Reformatory School, and his morals attended to. I also adjudge the father to pay ls. per week towards the expenses of his maintenance in the school. The Roman Catholic Re formatory School in HaMmersmith has already received a great number of juvenile delinquents, and it is a mat ter of surprise the Protestant clergy and gentry in Mid diesex have not established a similar institution. SOUTHWARK. STEALING A HORSE AND CART AND FIVE HUNDRED GUANO BAGS.— Wdliant Maynard, a young fellow about 20 years of agi, was broug6t before Mr. Coinbe for final examination, charged with stealing a horse and cart worth 601., and about five hundred guanu bags, the property of Edward Goodwin, guano dealer, 15, Swan street, Bermondsey. The prosecutor stated that on Monday last he em plo-led the prisoner to remove a large quantity of guano in bags from his premises in Pontine-street, Bermond sey, to his pretnis?s, and on the same night he saw the horse and cart and the empty bags sate at 15, Swan street. On the following morning he found that th• place had been entered, and the horse and cart, with all the guano bags, gone. Iniffroation was given to the police, and the latter were traced to the possession of Mr. Williams, a rag-dealer in East lane, where they bad been sold by the prisoner. The horse and cart, with the harness, were afterwards discovered iu a back yard in the same neighbourhood. Thomas Bunby, foreman to the prosecutor, said he locked up the horse and cart safely on Monday evening, and at ten on the following morning he perceived that the staple had been withdrawn from the stable door, and the horse and cart stolen. Robert Wildman, rag and metal dealer, of East-lane, Wal worth, said that on Monday night the prisoner came to his premises with Mr. Goodwin's horse and cart, laden with old guano bags. The prisoner said his master sent him to sell them, as he was giving up business. Witness, believing that his story was true, as he had Mr. Goodwin's horse a'd cart, purchased the bags at the market value, and sold the greater portion on Tues day morning to Mr. Eastwood, rag dealer, Marylebone lane, Oxford-street. Witness produced some of the bags he purchased of the prisoner, which Mr. Goodwin iden tified as his property. Joseph Calf, a dustman, of Bird's-buildings, East lane, said he knew the prisoner. He brought the hone and cart to his premises, requesting to leave it for a short time until his mate came back. The prisoner did not return, consequently witness went to Mr. Goodwin, and gave him information about his property. Henry Hunt, 34 M, said he took the prisoner into custody in a public-house, quite drunk. When he was sober be told him what he was charged with, and he did not deny it. Witness then went to Wildmau'd, and afterwards to Eastwood's, where he found all the guano bags. Mr. Combo ordered the depositions to be taken, and fully committed the pri-,oner for trial. MORTLAKE ANNUAL REGATTA.—This regatta will take place, under the management of Mr. F. Godfrey, on Wednesday, the 17th inst., in the vicinity of his house, the Queen's Head. There will be several matches for prizes given by the inhabitants of Mortlake and East Sheen, and the sports will wind up with the old-fashioned race in a washing-tub, drawn by geese. TIIE AUSTRALIAN MAILS.—LIVERPOOL, FriJay.—Tl e royal mail s'iip Marco Polo, belonging to Messrs. Jas. Baines and Co.'s " Black Ball " line, left Liverpool to day, for Melbourne, at one o'clock, with the fortnightly mails, 513 passengers, and a large cargo. The Acadia, belonging to the " Mersey" line of packets, is to sail at ten o'clock to-morrow morning, for Melbourne. Sh e takes a mail and 160 passengers. The Sydenhaw, be. longing to the " Black Star" line, is announced to sail to-morrow evening, for Melbourne, She will also take out a trail• TEE IRON MANUFACTURE AND MR. BESSEMER'S INVENTION. (Front the Birmingham Journal.) In order that those whose studies or avocations have left them unacquainted with the general nature of the iron manufacture may the better comprehend the exact bearings of a process, which is exciting an attention un pealleled in modern times, we will give such a lirief sketch of the process of manufacturing iron as wi:l en able them, generally at all events, to estimate the im portance of Mr. Bessemer's invention. The extraction of iron from the ore is effected by a process, the general principles of which are very simple. First, the ore is roasted ; that is to say, it is made into hears with coal, and ignited ; the carbonic acid and wat -r of the mineral are driven off, and the ore is left in a porous state, favourable to the subsequent processes. We may regard the roasted ore as an impure oxide of iron, containing, of course, all the earthy matter, and what ever was net volatile in the native mineral. If we re sect for a moment on what we have to accomplish in order to obtain the iron from this compound, we shall soon be able to devise the means of doing it. We have iron combined with oxygen, and we wish to separate the latter from the former, so as to leave the metal free. How shall we accomplish this ? Clearly only by pre senting something to the compound which has a higher affinity for oxygen than iron hoe. What is this ? It is charcoal or carbon. This element, so inert at ordinary temperatures as to be the most imperishable of thiuge, assumes, when heated strongly, an affinity for oxygen more powerful than that of any other known substance ; and there are few metallic oxides which do not yield oxy gen to carbon at an elevated temperature, and thus libe rate the metal in a reguline or metallic state. This pro cess of depriving metallic oxides of their oxygen is called reduction, and the reduction of the ores of iron, copper, lead, zinc, &c., consists mainly in heating them, after suitable preparation with carbon, and thereby deoxidis ing them. To reduce the iron, then, we have only to heat it with charcoal. But since the ore contains a large quantity of earthy matter, the particles of iron when reduced would be held in this porous earthy mass like water in a sponge, and although reduced, the metal would remain in an unavailable form. How can we separate the metal from the earthy matter ? Not by mechanical but by chemical means. If we mix with the ore something which will form a readily fusible corn pound with the earthy matter, that earthy matter will liquefy, and the particles of melted iron will fall through the liquid, and collect together into a mass, Lime is used for this purpose. It is as though a sponge filled with water dissolved on the application of a gentle heat, the water in the sponge forming the lower stratum, and the matter of the sponge itself a light oily liquid, floating on the water. Our readers will now h ave a genera l notion of the process which they see carried on so ex tensively in the neighbouring iron districts. Into huge towers, which stud the country, day and night, and from year's end to year's end, toiling engines pour thousands of tons of the materials we have enumerated —iron ore, coke, and lime. Blast engines force streams of compressed air into the ignited materials, and the mass slowly sinking in the tower, melts into two strata, the one the slag, the other the iron. The former floss off from an upper opening, and the latter is drawn off at intervals from holes made in the lower part of the fur nace. The molten metal is conducted along channels made in sand, and slowly filling rough moulds connected with these channels gradually solidifies and constitutes the pig iron of commerce. The coke, we have seen, constitutes both the fuel from which the necessary heat is produced, and the reducing agent, by which the oxide of iron is deoxidised ; the lime makes the earthy matter fusible, and enables the iron to separate itself there from. The method of manufacture we have roughly described produces iron, but not pure iron ; that has never been produced but by the chemist, and but few eyes have ever seen it. The iron produced is cast iron, which consists mainly of iron, but is contaminated with a grea t variety of impuri t i es , rom which it is difficult to free it, In the reduction of iron from its ore, although we obtain a product containing perhaps 95 per cent, of iron, the remaining 5 per cent. consists of a long array of foreign ingredients, all existing in one form of combination in the materials employed ; these have been so affected during the reduction of the iron as to have assumed a state in which they could combine with iron, and hence we discover that the iron drawn from the furnace is in variably contaminated with them. Although small in quantity, the effect which these impurities have upon the physical properties of the iron is truly wonderful. One per cent, of phosphorus, or a scarcely less propor tion of sulphur, has a most prejudicial effect upon the iron containing it. The principal element which, in the blast furnace, enters into combination with iron, is car bon or charcoal. The metal is capable of combining with 5 per cent, of its weight of carbon, and many kinds of cast iron contain nearly this quantity. Steel is a compound of iron and carbon, containing less carbon than cast-iron ; and the production of steel from cast iron is simply the removal of a portion of the carbon. If cast-iron from the blast furnace consisted of iron and carbon only, the production of steel and wrought iron therefrom would be easily effected ; but cast iron contains, besides iron and carbon, the following impuri ties, some or all of them ; silicon, sulphur, phosphorus ; and in minute quantity, aluminum, calcium, and potas sium. The conversion of cast iron into wrought iron consists in the removal of these impurities. This purifi cation consists in the ordinary manufacture, in submit ting the iron to the action of air, and also to a mechani cal.kneading and squeezing process ; these are effected in the refinery and in puddling ; and it is these processes which Mr. Bessemer proposes to supersede by his in vention. The impurities in cast iron consists of substances, all of which combine with oxygen at a high temperature ; carbon forming carbonic acid; sulphur, sulphurous acid ; phosphorus, phosphoric acid ; silicon, silicic acid (silica, or the matter of sand); and so of the rest. Now the exposure of cast iron to heat and air (containing oxygen) is sufficient to cause the substances to form oxygen compounds, either volatile or easily fusible, and incapable of entering into combination with metallic iron. But since these impurities are diffied in small quantity through the mass of the iron, it is with great difficulty that air can be brought to act upon them. This, how ever, is done efficiently, but at great trouble, first in the refinery, and afterwards more completely in the puddling process. The melted cast iron is exposed in the refinery to a strong heat, in contact with air, and a large propor tion of the carbon contained in the iron is burned off, as carbonic oxide ; the silicon becomes oxidised as silicic acid (silica), and the iron also oxidising, supplies a base (oxide of iron), with which the silicic acid combine. This compound constitutes the slag, which is formed in the process. The action of the slag itself upon the i►n purities yet contained is the iron is a most interesting chemical phenomenon, and will be noticed hereafter. Where a very superior iron is required, chore )al is used in this process instead of coke ; and the iro►► so made is called "charcoal iron." The impurities contained in ordinary coke are in part communicated to the iron, and injure its quality. The minute details of the refinery we need not describe. The iron thus partially purified is next puddled. It is fused on the bed of a reverberatory furnace and vigor ously stirred about, so as to expose it t'i the action of the air ; oxygen is rapidly absorbed, and the gaseous car bonic oxide formed escapes in bubbles, giving the ap varatiee of boiling, and burning at the surface with a blue flame. As the carbon is burned off, the fusibility of the mass diminishes, and although the heat is ici er( aced as the process proceeds, the molten metal passes from a fluid to a spongy semi-field mass. The fearful labour of the puddler now commences. He approaches the furnace almost in a state of nudity, and on the end o f au iron bar collects from the bed of the furnace as much iron as he can lift. This ball, or bloom, he swings through the air under a forge hammer, or other compressing machine. The blows at fir 4 crush the soft mass like dough, sending out showers of sparks, and squeezing liquid drops from the interior of the metal. The ball cao!s, the blows of the hammer now ring, the fire shower grows faint, and the liquid drops are re placed by scaly masses, which fall from the now almost solid metal. Tho kneading process is continued by passing the metal between rolls, in the grooves of which it is drawn out aad compressed ; it is doubled up and rolled, and heated and doubled up, and rolled again Have you ever seen, as you have travelled by railway or otherwise at night, the mouth of a black furnace opened on a sudden sending a ray, as of sunlight, athwart the sky, and disclosinc , something within, ‘• so blinding white, so blasting bright," that the eyo closed involuntarily ? If you returned leisurely to the sight, you observed half naked men darting across the light beanie, their motions seemingly more capricious and more sudden than the dancing images in a phantasma goria. In a stray beam of the quivering light, you see now and then the heavy rocking head of the steam en• gine, and the greasy teeth of the cogwheels shoot by, brighter than rows of pearls or falling water drops; the blows of the forge hammer shake the earth, and the whirring of the wheels make you giddy. What is all this ? It is puddling ; the conversion of cast-iron into _ wrought-iron. Tbe metAl so obtained is . not pure, but it is sufficiently so for commercial purposes. It contains carbon, silidtn, and other impurities ; but in quantities so minute as not to affect its physical properties materially. It is a curious fact, worth here noting, that some of those im purities which have a most pernicious Effect upon iron, do not injure it in direct proportion to their quactity, but preserve their ijurious action down to a certain point only, and below that proportion appear to be wholly inoperative. The elin;ination of carbon, and the other impurities contained in cast-iron, and its consequent conversion into wrought-iron, takes place by virtue of that beau tiful chemical process called cementation ; a proceLs in which a ebeinicil change is nrupaga,tcd through a solid or nearly solid body from the exterior inwards, or the r,vcrso. This process is beautifully illustrated by the annealing of cast-iron, or the production of malleable iron articles, so largely practised in Birmingham and its neighbourhood, Small articles made of cast iron are imbedded in powdered peroxide of iron, - and he;ted T; many hours, or days. The oxygen in the oxide of iro❑ combines with the carbon of the cast iron, and withdraws it ; in short, burns the carbon. This removal of the carbon, commencing at the surface, gradually proceeds inwards, until the whole substance of the article has been decarbonised, and the cast-iron converted into soft wrought-iron, without the article having changed its form. The converse takes place in the manufacture of steel. In this case, the wrought-iron is heated with carbon, and the combination of the latter with the former, commencing at the surface, slowly penetrates the mass. In precisely the same way are the carbon and other impurities removed from cast-iron, in its conversion into wrought-iron ; the slag containing oxide of iron playing a most important part. The air can only act super ficially on a large mass of fu4ed iron, even when it is kept in motion; but the oxide formed superfitillly is mixed with the metal, and yields oxygen to the carbon 00a 11 100 100 all 100 100 841 x d 64i i f x d 103 i x d MI Isci # i 80 x d 32 li 494 8i and other matters in its interior. The silicon becomes (*averted into silice, which d:ssoiv( I m )re oxide, and the c rbon into c-irbunie oxide, which bubbles, and burn- as described. During the puddling and ammering, or shingling, and piling of the iron, the slag is first the. roughly incorporated with, and, having effected its work, squeezed from the mass of the iron. Can these impurities be removed without this labour, time, and fuel ? The production of wrought-iron direct from the ore can unquestionably be effected, and where woo 1 charcoal can be employed in place of mineral fuel, perhaps economically. It is commonly done in the bloomery forges of America, and the Catalan forges of the Pyrenees ; and these processes are but ameliorations of the earliest and rudest methods of making inn. Mr. Bessemer proposes to effect the same of j , ct by the use of air alone. 13e forcts air into the fused cast-iron in large quantity ; the temperature rises very high, and the iron is said to be converted into wrought iron. The heat produced is thought to arise from the combustion of the carbon, the whole of which, together with the other impurities, is removed : It is surprising that the carbon, the maximum quantity of which is five per cent., should burn so rapidly as to produce the great heat described ; and we wait anxiously for such accurate experiments as shall prove that the iron itself is not largely oxidised. It will also be most interesting both to the manufacturer and the chemist to learn that the slag can be perfectly removed from the mass of the iron without resorting to the mechanical treatment we have described. We can readily imagine that Mr. Bessemer may reduce the percentage of carbon so low by his pro• cess as to make the iron approximate in composition to steel. This has been done three-quarters of a century ago ; and the patent lists show that from 1771 to the present day scores, probably, of patents have been taken out for making steel direct trot? the ore. To effect this, however, is to do but little ; what is wanted is not steel of an indifferent quality, but iron, from which the car. bon has been so far removed as to leave the metal malle able. We can readily believe that Mr. Bessemer's pro cess will expedite the manufacture of wrought iron ; but extended experiments are required to show that he can dispense with the mechanical methods at present in use. E-pecially important, too, is it that accurate chemical analysis should be resorted to, to show the composition of this iron, and to prove that the new process will truly purge it of sulphur and phosphorus, as we under stand Mr. Bessemer to Fay it will—elements, the pre sence of 1 per cent, of which is fatal to the quality of the iron. It would be scarcely possible by written desorip• tion merely to make the mechanical contrivances intela ligible which Mr. Bessemer describes in the specification of his patent. It will suffice to say that they consist of contrivances for effecting a rapid and complete aetion of air on the iron—to do, in short, more effectually that which is already done in the refinery furnace. IRELAND. DUBLIN, FRIDAY MORNING. THE MAYNOOTH DIFFICULTY. A Dublin Derbyite journal (the Express) has hit upon a plan for settling the Maynooth difficulty, and, as a consequence, healing the sores which have sprung up in the body politic of the once heal thy Conservative party. It is so simple that the writer only wonders that it has never occurred to any one before. Here is the solution of the riddle which has so long perplexed the brains of Mr. Disraeli, Mr. Spooner, and their followers and admirers : " We would apply to Maynooth the principle con tended for by the Church Education Society—the prin ciple, namely, that the State should supply the means of a sound secular education, leaving each church or deno mination perfectly free to impart religious instruction in its own way, both to its clergy and its laity, the secu lar education being subject to strict Government in spection, to see that the Parliamentry grant is honestly applied to its proper object, and no other. It is un questionably for the benefit of the country that the Irish priests should receive a liberal education. This they cannot obtain without a State endowment. Then lat Maynooth have a staff of professors like those of the Queen's Colleges to give the scientific and Merely part of the education, and let there be also a staff of theological professors, paid by the Roman Catholics themselves out of their own funds, or out of the fees of the stu lents. In this way the Protestants of the United Kingdom would get rid of the painful responsibility under which they now labour in regard to the religious teaching of Maynooth. If the same principle were car ried out in the National schools, and in all intermediate endowment schools?, and if, on this just principle of per fect freedom and equality, the Church E lucetion So ciety's Schools got their fair share of the public grant, then we believe the vexed question of education in this country would be satisfactorily and finally settled. We therefore earnestly submit this solution of the difficulty to the candid consideration of our contempo- raries, and of the statesmen on both sides who have taken part in the discussion of the Maynooth question in Par:lament." THE FINALE OF THE NENAGH MUTINY. The charge preferred agaiust the officers of the Tipperary Militia, embodied in the general order of Lord Seaton read at the disembodiment of the re giment on Monday, has, of course, excited an angry feeling among the parties implicated. The official rebuke has already drawn forth the following letter from the Adjutant of the corps, addressed to the local journal (the Nenagh Guardian) : " No efficient measures, however, appear to have been adopted to restore the discipline of the regiment, n- , r do the influence and control that officers should have bad in their respective companies seem to have been zealously exercised in endeavouring to remove the alleged causes of complaint, nor sufficient exertion made to explain the militia regulations in respect to the cloth ing and bounty.' " Sir,—'foe above is an extract of a letter from the Deputy-Adjutant-General in Ireland, real to our regi ment on disembodiment yesterday, and as that corps have, I regret to say, gained an unfortunate notoriety, I feel sure the above paragraph will give a handle (if un contradicted) to the many who wish to cast a slur on the officers, and thereby save Government from the con sequences of their own folly in attempting to save a few paltry pounds. "Now, to review my text in detail. It is first stated —it is to be presumed, on the repot; - , of Colonel Irwin's Court, no efficient measures' were adopted to restore `discipline.' The outbreak took place, and 'discipline' was at an end in a few minutes, and every endeavour that men could make was made by the officers and the well disposed non-commissioned officers of the regi ment. I admit that the step by which Colonel Irwin thought it might be suppressed was not taken. It is an old saying, the best hurler is on the ditch,' and it is easy to talk, but I should much like to have seen Colonel Irwin endeavour to arrest the ringleaders on that morning. Had he done so, I bf • lieve he never would have lived to he President of the J'urt of Inquiry. It is a very fine thieg to state that we (the officer) did not sufficiently exert our in fluence' to explain the militia r , gulations regarding bounty' and 'clothing.' It is hard to explain things that are nor. No intimation reached the corps as to what the men were to get on disembodiment until after the mutiny tied taken place ; aye, and been heard of at the Horse Guards, too ; and up to this moment there is a circular which has never reached this regiment even yet, which was heard by us, for the first time, when read by the counsellor the defence in the recent trials before the civil power. As to exertions, I can only say that for 36 hours the officers were with the men, accompanying them all niitlit at gi eat personal risk, and succeeded, I be , ieve, in saving a great portion of t'ie property which the rabble of the town were wishing to destroy under cloak of the mutiny of our men. "I think, Sir, that you, and all other editors, ought to insist on the whole proceedings of that court of in quiry being publrehed, and let the world, who have heard imputations cast on the officers of our regiment, also see and judge for themselves on the evidence adduced before that Court as to whether we are guilty of the charge of deserting our men,' until actuaby called, as I was, to lead them against her Mejesty's troops. Hoping that, in common faireess, other journals will copy this letter, "I remain y,,ur obedient servant, "J. G. Ilona, Captain, "Tipperary Light Infantiy. "Nenagb, Sept. 2." The concluding ceremonies and arrangements previous to the dispersion of the corps on Monday are thus degcribcd by the Nenagh paper : The usual forttaliies—sach as the cal iii over the names of the regiments, nominating the permanent staff, &c —were then gone through ; after which the men were marched in companies into their respective rooms to have their accounts settled and to receire their allow ances. Before separating they gave three hearty and stentorian cheers for 'Gallen. Tipperary.' Each man got 255. ld. This included 103. balance of bounty for 1856, 14s. gratuity for 14 days from disembodiment of regiment, and is. Id. pay and liquor money for last Se^. tember. In addition the men received marching-money at the rate of 41 each for every clear 10 miles they had to travel to reach their homes, if in the country; if out of it, they got to the nearest point to their homes on the borders of the county. For every woman 'legally' married, marching money at the rate of Ijd. per mile Was given, and, if she had children, id. per mile was granted for each child. As the seen were paid off they left the barrack in the most peaceable and orderly man ner, and all seemed we'l satisfied. Having doffed the old regimentals, such of them as still wore the last rem nants of the soldier's garb—many of them havast had to purchase clothes beforehand for want of something to shelter them from the weather—and substituted rted in their stead the more cumfortalle apparel of tho civilian, , they took their departure for their s everal hom es." The mortality in the rnitentiary establishments of Sixony is described by the Tviancipctlion of Blu3sels as terrible. Llvuhroor, DOCKS.—The anraual &ate Tient of the accounts has jn.t teen isiued by the Liverpool Dock Committee. Under the beading "tonnage and light des it appears that there have been received during the year endtl3g June 23, 148,977/. on foreign sailing ships ; 15,9701. on foreign steamers; 9,9321. on coast sailing-ships ; 17,856/. on coast-steamers • on vessels to and from Runcorn, 8231 . ; ma ki ng i n all 193,5591. re ceived under that head. The amount of dock-dues on goods entered inward. was 119,8791., and on goods en tered outwards 32,5891. The other amounts received and entered in the revenue account—on account of graving -docks, 152,462/. ; graving -blocks, 2,5461. ; extra dock rent, 2,3241. ; Albert Dock warehouses, 19,0001.; Stanley Deck warehouses, 5,0001. ; rents of property, 19,923/. ; miscellmeous (canal rates, cranes, weights, and scales, damages, weighing machines, dock stage, &c.), 11,0751.; interest allowed in bank account, 4,7411.; less commission, 1,2851.-3,456/. ; making a grand total of receipts on revenue account of 0100/. for the year. der s take )lici ding to bo the °nil ;oni .Mr. idan ard for for heir bey )osi 3ok, Itor. th• EL• of 10 . rora let LO Dad ork; neD, last, par yard the front [Orag ;bed. 110 late enll 0 ma Id ea Ids ; sea• Dal' tne. ell, G. hip i at SIC oral a ble 1 to 3on ated last lace the fit pon ride stio ag ; wri opt- )10 A. ter pie nd 312p' St. 50 St. 20t tx) 00 LL 0 100 all all 100 ,100 100 1 100 100 all sll all 8i e►ll 100 3 1 100 1100 all all Iqo all 3 all all 16} 2 1 9k 9 40i 1 15i 72A i 21i 2 31 243 7i fi 32,1 2 all all 100 100 all all all WO 8$