The Sun. — London, England, 1856-06-11 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE 11, 185 g. MPERIAL PARLIAMENT. of the Australian mails between England and Suez, is case parties should tender for carrying the mails to Syd ney from Suez, via Point de Galle ? Mr. WILSON said there was at present a contract with the Penitisular and Oriental Company for the gicon• veyance of mails to Australia, via Suez, and that con sequently if any chauge was made during that contract that company would gain extra advantage. If any pri vate company was disposed to carry the mails to Aus tralia, via Suez, the Government would have no objec tion to avail themselves of the accommodation, making no extra charge for the conveyance of letters so far as ROUSE OF LORDS-(YESTERDAY•) The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at 5 o'clock.. _ Viscount DUNGANNON gave notice that on Thurs day nest he should put a question to the noble duke (the Postmaster-General) with respect to the mails between Holyhead and Kingstown, namely, whether any arrange ments had been made for the conveyance of the mails between Holyhead and Kingstown by a larger and better class of steamers. In the event of a negative answer being given, he should take the liberty of calling their lordships' attention to the subject. CHAPELS IN BURIAL-GROUNDS. Lord PORTMAN called the attention of their lord ships to a matter which was personal to himself. The righ rev. prelate (the Bishop of Oxford), during a dis cussion that took place the other night with respect to the consecration of chapels in burial-grounds, stated that some of his statements were merely hearsay. This hearsay had since been confirmed. The right rev. prelate was quite right in stating that there was no communion table in the chapel at Woolwich, and before the Bishop of London did not require a communion table at the consecration of chapels in burial ground. His lordship then read a letter from the burial board at Woolwich, which stated that communion had not been celebrated when the chapel was consecrated. (Hear.) It was, therefore, on no slight grounds that he had made the statement he had done, and which he had thus substantiated. SEW. PUNISHMENT OF DEATH. Several petitions were presented against the punish ment of death. Mr. E WART moved for a select committee to inquire into the operation of the law imposing the punishment of death. The objection to this punishment was based on many grounds, and one was the uncertainty attending its being carried out after a jury had returned a verdict of guilty. That uncertainty had greatly increased of late years, and was in creasing daily. The public feeling was louder now against capital punishments than heretofore. Juries were less inclined to return verdicts of guilty, and judges were less inclined to pass the sentence than formerly. In fact, he believed there was a strong feeling existing against convicting females for infanticide • but who should we protect but the innocent and the helpless ? In many foreign countries the punishment of death had been abolished and with success, and he thought he was not asking too much in calling on the house to institute inquiry into this mode of punishment, because it did not pledge the house to any particular principle or opinion. Some persons objected to this mode of punishment on religious grounds ; but that was an objection he thought need not then be entered on, and he was opposed to discussing theological subjects in that house. Punishment, to be real, should be an effective punishment both on the criminal and in the repression of crime ; it should be equal in its operation, not falling severely on one criminal whilst another escaped, and certainty which was the great principle of punishment as much as publicity wa-s that of justice. The hon. gentleman then proceeded to illustrate the want of three essentials in capital punishment in this country, as referring to the cases of murder that had been tried and the manner in which the criminals had been treated after conviction. In the Horne Department the same uncertainty prevailed with regard to the carrying out of capital punishment as existed with juries and judges. The present Home Secretary displayed on all occasions a kind and merciful consideration to these unfortunate and unhappy offenders which the house could not but admire. (Rear.) It was not his conduct he (Mr. E wart) arid the public complained of, but the system that permitted that uncertainty, which he illustrated by the respite of Celes tina Somers, who was as guilty of murder as any per son who had ever been executed for that crime. (Rear, hear.) The uncertainty of the punishment, as re garded the Home Department, was apparent when they considered that Secretaries of State for the Hone Department changed with political parties. They might have this year a merciful Secretary, and next year a severe one, who would let the law take its course. Then as to the remedy. One suggestion was that private executions would get rid of the evils at present attending public executions ; but he doubted it, because the members of the press would gain admission to the gaols, and pander to the morbid tastes of the public by writing and publishing minute details of every execution, which would be greedily sought after and read by the public. Another suggestion was occasional capital punish meats— executing a man now and then for example. That he considered bad, and he looked upon it as a species of gambling with human life. He, and those who thought with him, proposed that they should iuflicl; a secondary punishment, but one which should be certain in its ope ration. Capital punishment had gone out of use in Tus cany, Bavaria, Switzerland, and almost entirely in the United States of America, and in all these places the change had been attended not with an increase, but a diminution of crime. What he asked for was a corninit• tee to inquire into the truth of the statements he bad made, and to see whether a certain secondary might not be substituted for an uncertain capital punishment. There was another thing to be considered, and that was that in a free country the weight of capital punish ment consisted not only of its infliction, but in the pressure of public opinion. When they had the two forces acting together, then might it be said that they had a system of punishment acting in full vigour. In the case of capital punishment, public opinion went strongly in an opposing direction. A more lenient punishment would carry with it not only the full force of that punishment, in deterring crime, but would carry public opinion with it. (Divide, divide.) There was another consideration. Every one complained of the false sympathy which existed in favour of criminals, but it waa only in those cases where the punishment or death was still retained. When forgery was punished with death, the same sympathy was excited in favour of forgers -33 in the instances of Dr. Dodd and Fauntle roy ; but since forgery, burglary, and other crimes which formerly were punished with death • had been removed from the category of capital offences, there was do onger that sympathy in behalf of the criminals. He appealed to the house to abolish that extreme punishment, which experience proved did not deter from crime, but which, on the other hand, enlisted public sympathy on behalf of the criminal, and placed him in a position of notoriety and importance. Those who advocated the abolition of the extreme punish ment were not mere theorists, but practical men, aid their doctrines were those of reason and experience, as well as of humanity and religion. After some further observations as to the opportunities which the sub stitution of perceteal imprisonment for the death pun ishment would afford to the murderer for repentance, which was impossible when his mind was withdrawn from the contemplation of the sanguinary crime he had committed to the equally sanguinary fate that awaited him, and the desirability of making our criminal code more in accordance with the precepts and spirit of the G espel, the hon. member concluded by submitting his motion. The Bishop of OXFORD, in explanation, said that when he consecrated the Woolwich Cemetery he was conducted to a table covered with red cloth, which he certainly took for a communion table. Under the cir cumstances he did not think he had made any wilful mis-statement. It was perfectly true that he had conse crated a cemetery at Newbury, in which he did not celebrate the communion at that time—he was new in office, and the rules for after guidance had not been laid down, but his practice now was precisely similar to that ursued in the diocese of Salisbury. After a few words from other noble lords, the subject dropped. Mr. HADFIELD seconded the motion, and remarked that the object was not to do away with punishment but o make it effective—not to screen criminals, butto bring them more directly under the power of the law. Public executions so fir lrom having a moral effect tended to demoralise society, and the uncertainty of the punishment prevented that sa:utary dread which it was the abject of all punishment to establish. He referred to the exertions of Sir S. Rsmilly, Sir J. Macintosh, Sir R. Peel, and his hon. friend Mr. pwart, to humanise our criminal code, and urged the house and the Government to take the re m lining step in the same direction, by abolishing the ex treme punishment in cases of murder. At all events, he contended that it was a proper subject of inquiry, whe ther its retention had !sad the effect that was expected. Mr. H. DRUMMOND had not the presumption to endeavour to correct public opinion, or to suppose, wit's the advocates of this motion, that until the year 1856 men never knew how togovern mankind—and seeing that in all past ages, and in all countries, the punishment of death had prevailed for great offences, it did appear to him to be monstrous presumption in any man, or any body of men, now to stand up and condemn all who lad gone before them. The proposition was for a select c mittee to inquire Lite the operation of the law imposing the punishment of death. Now he should have thought the operation of that law was simple enough. (Hear.) The operation of the punishment of death was simple enough, but if they would not let that punishment act, that was, of course, a different matter. The hon. gentleman objected to the introduction of the theo logical argumeut, but at the same time he talked of the precepts, and practices, and spirit of the Gospel. He declared that the infliction of the nunishment of death was contrary to the spirit of the Christian religion, at the same time that he appealed to the house to cast aside the religious part of the question. ("No, no," from Mr. Swart.) Taken on the religious ground, the sentence was as plain as words could make it—" He that abed deth man's blood, by man shall his blood he shed." (Cheers.) It was absurd to say that the Bible was the religion of Protestants when they attempted to set aside plain words that could not be controverted. (Hear, bear.) It might be said that this was a Jewish text— that it was not Christian—bat he remembered reading of a man, esninent in the Christian church, who struck a man with death for merely telling a lie—and who was so hardened that when the man's wife came directly after and repea'ed the lie, he struck her with death also. (Hear, hear.) What would Exeter Bail say now if a bishop of the church were to strike a man dead for such a crime ? (Hear, hear.) But the hon. gentleman called upon them to abolish the punishment of death on the ground of its uncertainty. Now, what punishment could be more certain than that of death he could not conceive. But he supposed the hon. gentleman meant that the punihmeat was not always carried into effect, and therefore he proposed to establish for it perpetual imprisonment. But was there any reason for supposing that that would be carried into effect with more certainty than the other? Those who advocated the abolition of the extreme penalty alleged that public opinien was against it—that juries would not convict for murder because the punishment of death would f )Ilow. What was this but to encourage juries to perjure themselves? This was their religion, and now they would go on, and by putting an end to the punishment of death altogether, promote civi lisation by encouraging the practice of the art of poison ing. What he objected to in reference to the present s. t .ate of th e l aw was t h a t i t su bj ecte d t h e S ecretary of S tate toconstant importunities,the moment a criminal was condemned, for a remission of his sentence. Many years 7,e ei g a c r i e when Si r F . Buxton lived, he remembered that he head t 7 eve r met him but he had some scheme in his condel!eedt tcefftsome scoundrel or other who had been hanged. I one ase he d he (Mr. D rummond th asked n Sir F. Buxton, remem who was , to e late Si r R. P ee l, w h o was th en Secretary of Stat e whether he had any dourbestpite a condemned prisoner, not the least" was the rvl of the man's guilt. "Oh why d interfere?" be asked. Tire anti iver wad i '7 I TI! deavour to save the man's lif e. " it h o m w y it u t;t o to d en- e any man's duty to save a cri minal fro m t h e pun i s h ment duo to his crimes he (Mr. Drumn a ,,,,p ) cou , u not under stand. (Hear, hear.) Some time att er he met Sat F. Buxton at Rome, trying to do the same thing with the Pope, but he dpubted wbether his efforts W ith the bead of the Catholic Church to persuade him that th e infliction of the punishment of death was anti-Christian were very successful. When the right hon. gentl eman (Mr. Walpole) was Secretary of St to for the lloune Department a man committed a-murder in his (Mr. Drum. mond's) park. He was convicted and sentenced to death. A number of clergymen and gentlemen got up a memorial to save the may, and asked hies (sfr. Drum mond) to present it to the Home Secretary. He asked if the judge who tried the ease had been consulted ; the answer was yes, but he took the same view that he (Mr. Drummond) did. He consequently refused, and after wards his right hon, friend t4anked him for having been the means of saving him &bin most annoying inaportu- nities. They might judge of the nature of those importu nities by the petitiod which had been recently printed, and was now going about ter signatures, fOr obtaining a remission of the sentence passed upon a notorious criminal. Tnis petition was accompanied by a letter from Mr. Hera. path, chemist, t. which he did not attach much impor tance, for unless he was greatly misinformed that gentles man in one particular case went to his right hon. friend (Mr. Walpole), when he was Secretary of State, impor tuning him to stay an execution, assuring him that a cer tain poison had not been administered, while at that very hour the criminal was confessing that he used it. He was anxious to relieve the Secretary of State from those importunities. Formerly executions were left in the hands of the sheriffs in the country, but in Landon the custom was for the Recorder to report to the Sovereign the case of every criminal condemned to execution, and . take the royal pleasure upon it. He would suggest that some such course should be again adopted, that the Re corder should make his report, that the judge who tried the case, and the Chief Justices of the Queen's Bench and Common Pleas together with the Lord Chancellor, should be consulted if any fresh evidence should be br night forward after passing the sentence, and that they should decide whether there were any grounds for extending the royal mercy. Of course he would not fetter the prerogative of the Crown. The Crown might pardon whom it pleased, but he would not leave the matter where it was without some more effective and better•organised machinery which should insure the revision of the sentence, if necessary ; and if not, that it should be carried into effect. (Hear.) Mr. BLAKEMORE supported the motion, and re ferred to a case in which two persons had been con demned for murder in Wales, one of whom had been proved to be innocent, and had been pardoned. Sir G. GREY having had occasion three or four times already to state the views of the Government on this subject of the punishment of death, in reply to his hon. friend, he was net now in a position to offer any new argument as against the motion now brought forward, and must express his hope that for the sake of that pro tection which it was essential that the law and the exe cetion of the law should throw around society and human life the house would again reject it. The present motion was slightly at variance with those which had formerly been submitted. On former occasions his hon. friend had either submitted a resolution declaring the expediency of abolishing capital punishment, or asked for leave to bring in a bill to accomplish that object. In the present in stance, the notice, as it was ori g inally given, was in similar terms; but within the last few days, influenced no doubt by circumstances that had already occurred, it had been altered, and now what the house wan asked to do was to consent to the appointment of a select commit tee to inquire into the operation of the law imposing the punishment of death. He however could see but lit tle substantial difference between thisand the former mo tions. By his speech his hon. friend asked the house in express terms to consent to the abolition of the punish ment of death, and to substitute a milder, and as he called it a less cruel, punishment. If, therefore, the house consented to the appointment of the committee, coupling the motion with his hon. friend's speech, they would be in effect expressingan opinion that it was expedient to discontinue the punishment of death altogether. That he thought would be a very dangerous conclusion for the house to come to. On one point he entirely agreed with les hon. friend. His hon. friend said that a preliminary objection was entertained against the motion on theo lo„eical grounds, and that there were those who held that the Divine law was imperative on the subject of tee infliction of the pecaity of death fir the crime of murder. He (Sir G Grey a did not go the length of those who held that doctrine, but neither, on the other hand, could he agree with those who asserted that the panishrnent of death, established by any civil government iu any civil state, was contrary to the law of God as contained in the New Testament, and he must ask his hon. friend when he discarded the theological ground, and tailed upon the house to consider the question on the ground of expediency, to dismiss the aid he would draw from the petition he bad required to be read at the table, wherein the petitioners asserted broadly that it was contrary to the Gospel to tele!" away the life of a man under any circumstances. A great number of peti tions had doubtless been presented that day in favour of his hon. friend's motion, while none had been presented against it. In ordinary cases a strong inference might be drawn from that circumstance, that public opinion ran in the direction indicated by the prayers of the pe titioners. But that opinioncould not be maintained when it was recollected that these petitions were got up by an organised system—that they were stereotyped, as it were, being in the same terms, honestly expressing the opinions of those who signed them, unquestionably, but in no way indicating the current of public opinion; be. cause such was the feeling in men's minds that, however they might object to the abolition of capital punishment in cases of murder, they would naturally abstain from petitioning in favour of its retention. If a person was suspected of a treacherous murder, the sympathy of the public was with the law, and against the supposed cri minal ; bait the moment he was convicted and sentenced, there were always numbers of persons whose sympathies ware immediately transferred to the prisoner, whom they looked upon as an object deserving of commiseration, ani far the remission of whose sentence they spared no exertion. (Hear, hear.) And this feeling in favour of convicted criminals was not confined tee cases where the capital sentence was pronounced, but, as they had seen, was frequently extended to those who were oaderneed to punishments of a secondary nature, wane on the other hand they never knew of a case where persons came forward to petition the Crown net to extend its mercy to a criminal, or to pray for the infliction of a severer sentence. His hon. friend (Mr. Ha !field) was mistaken if he supposed that those great men he referred to, Sir S. Romily, Sir R. Peel, and others, who had exerted tbemselves to human ise our criminal law, were in favour of the removal of the punishment of death from the category of criminal pun ishments. They abolished the extreme penalty in refer ence to a great number of crimes, but they retained it in one few. The house was now dealing with the question of rapitat punishment as it now existed, not as applying, as formerly, tee a great variety of crimes, but as applying to murder. And when his hon. friend (Mr. Ewait) asked the house to declare its opinion that criminals convicted of murder should not suffer death, he based the issue on the ground of expediency. To justify the retention of any punishment his hon. friend contended it was necessary to show that it was effeetive for the repression of crime- r that it was equal, and that it was revocable if it should turn out that conviction was wrong. With regard to the efficiency of the punishment for the repression of crime he was bound to express his opinion, confirmed as it was by statistical records and the conviction which rested upon every man's mind, that the punishment of death was that which men looked upon with greater dread than any other, and that was more effectual than any other in re pressing crime. (Hear.) As his boo, friend hal not based his arguments on statistics, he (Sir G. Grey) bad no oc casion, as he had on former occasions, to refer to statis tics to refute therm lie might, however, say in answer to the general statement, that while all those crimes in which the capital punishment had been abolished, had decreased since the abolition, the crime of murder, for which the punishment of death was still retained, bad increased; that the result of the official statistics in his hands was directly the reverse. The fact was directly opposite to the statement. Burglary and other crimes had increased, while that of murder had decreased, not withstanding the increase of population, and if any argu ment were to be derived from statistic?, it was that the punishment of death deterred from murder. As regarded executions of women for murder, he observed that it wee not the case that they had been systematically raaoited. With respect to the uncertainty of this punish ment, it was an objection which applied equally to all punishments. The law allowed a discretion to judges in the degree ',of punishment, though the crime might legally be : the same in the cases which were punishable by transportation. If by certainty of punishment was meant a uniform inflicting of the same punishment for the same crime, it would often lead, even in cases which were almost identical with murder, to great injustice • and there were cases in whi c h th e c l emency of the drown might properly be exercised. With reference to cer tainty, tie would allude to what had been said with re gard to juries, judges, and the power vested in the Se cretary of State. It was goingatoo far to say that juries refused to convict in clear cases on account of the neces sity of capital punishment ; and if there were such cases, they were exceedingly rare. However, it might influ ence the minds of juries in favour of the prisoners, and it might perhaps act in the returning of verdicts of man slaughter instead of murder; but in these cases the eery punishment followed which his hon. friend wished to supply to all cases of murder, namely, penal servitude for life. As regarded judges he did not think the remark of his hon, friend on the emotion shown by judges in sentencing prisoners was to be attributed to anything hut the natural feeling which a man must experience in the perfermance of that duty. With regard to the duty of the Secretary of State in these cases no doubt it was at times painful and onerous, and there was nothing which required more care and attention than the exami nation of such cases, but in most of those cases the evi dence was so clear, the objections being usually made on philanthropic grounds alone, that the duty became com• paratively easy. It was now the custom for the judge to report to the Hume Office on the evidence in cases in which he doubted whether the crime amounted to more than manslaughter, and it became then a matter for the consideration of the Home Department, and this custom was facilitated by the alteration of the law which caused the sentence being put into execution at a more distant period than formerly, when it followed the next day efter sentence. At the same time there were cases in which some deference must be paid to public opinion, so as to prevent sympathy being felt rather for the criminal than for the vindication of the law. If the member for Surrey could devise any plan to relieve the Secretary cif State from this duty, he would canfer a great favour on the holder of the office, but it was to be feared that it would not be pessible - to substitute any other tri• b inn] for that which now existed. His hon. friend's argu ment with regard to murders by poison seemed to him to ba fallacious, for it wail clear that the advance of cliental.- cal science bad of late - years led to greater facilities for the detection df 'that crime. With regard to the example of foreiLn nomad*, his lion friend had adduced no argu ment to show'that their practice was more advantageous than that of this country ; and as he (Sir G. Grey) be lieved that no Punishment was so effiCient to deter men from crime, he trusted the house would join with him in re d , ting this motion. • Mr. LIDDELL armed that it was not easy to show t' , at the pucishment of death was not a preven iVe to crime. Although of late years great efforts had been mule in the direction of reformation of criminals, c.iuld it h e said that it was possible that even such a system wati.so sufficient to turn aside the current of human pas sion as to induce the relaxation of the system of puoish merit which had hitherto existed. (The hon. member hero met with AO munch opposition to his proceeding, that ho ahruptlV sat down.) Mr. BROTLIERTOII urged that the puniohmeut of f death was opposed alike to humanity and policy, aid where the intuitive feeling; of men's hearts taught them that an act was opposed toljustice, mercy, and humanity, it was clear that it was also opposed to good policy. The hon. gentleman amidst considerable interruption pro ceeded to urge the inefficiency as well as the inhumanity of the punishment of death, and to deny that it was ac cording to the law of God as embodied in the Scriptural word., " Whose sheddeth man's blood by man shall his blood be shed." That was no more to be taken as a jus tification of the punishment of death than the words of our Savour when he said, " He that taketh the sword shall perish by the sword." ("Divide, divide," and interruption.) Aftersome further observations, wiiich were quite unintelligile from the noise which prevailed, the lion. gentleman concluded by expressing his intention of supporting the motion, believing that evidence could be brought before a select committee which would justify the abolition of the punishment of death. • Mr. WARNER then rose, but was greeted with such a shout of disapprobation, and such Cries of " Oh, oh," and "Divide," that it was impossible to ascertain the exact purport of a single sentence of his observations, but he was understood to support the motion, though not precisely on the ground, and with the view to the imme diate abolition of capital punishment, and ho was of opi nion that a committee might be usefully employed ire the consideration of this question. The house then divided, when there appeared— For the motion 64 Against Majority —94 ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. Mr. HEYWOOD then rose to move for a select com mittee to inquire what public measures ems be adopted to advance science and improve the position of its culti vators. He said London was remarkable as a great centre of science, and was distinguished by many scientific socie ties. It was with great pleasure he was able to say that Government had given considerable attention to the sub ject. In the department of geology it had instituted a seminary, and it had formed a department of science and art, which was placed under the control of the President of the Council. The subject was thus brought into connec tion with the general education of the country. There were schools already established, of which the most im portant was the School of Mines in Jermyn-street, which was specially intended to instruct persons who had the control of mining operations. This was in imitation of the conduct of other governments, for instance that of Saxony, in which country great progress had been made in consequence of the establishment of that school. He considered that we were much indebted to the gentlemen who had been placed at the head of those departments, and in particular he might allude to Sir H. De la Beche. Amongst other institutions of this kind he might mention the Sailors' School at Poplar, in which instruction of a really practical kind was given to a number of industrious persons. Notwithstanding all this, there was in this city a great want of scientific in. struction. He believed that in Magdaleu College, Ox ford, it had been determined to appoint a number of professors to give instruction in practical science. He trusted that the same thing would be done at Cambridge. It was observed by Professor Liebig, when in this coun try, that England was remarkable for paying no atten tion to anything that had not a practical tendency, and that they neglected abstrict science, while in Germany the contrary was the case. He considered that they had a most important duty to perform in endeavouring to pro mote science as much as possible. There was a school which Government had established, connected with the Board of Trade, under Capt. Fitzroy, which was likely to facilitate voyages from this country, and this was done in imitation of the Amorican Government, who bad a ma rine department under Captain Maury. There was a great desideratum at the present time that the various scientific societies should be collected in one spot, and Government had purchased Burlington House, which was to be devoted to that object. It was found that the British Museum, at the present time, was overflow ing in various departments, and especially natural his tory. They had recently placed Professor Owen over that department, and had given him directions to give lectures. There was no lecture room at the Museum, and he would have to give them in Jertnyn•street ; so that the specimens would have to be carried backwards a n d forwards. He believed that the British Museum was so overflowing that it would be to the public ad vantege that there should be a division of its stores, end he thought the natural hist•wy department might be re moved to the west end of the town. He was exceed ingly anxious that scientific men should have a better standing in the country. He did not think that their merits wore appreciated by the Government or the public. He did not wish to . depreciate others. He thought that in case of war, generals, and admirals, and others who cbstinguishe I themselves ought to be ho noured ; but scientific men were not recognised in any way. Ile was fa favour of an order of merit, which be considered woul I be a valuable addition to our national advantages, He also thought that patents ought to be granted for less money. The hon. member concluded by moving the resolution, as given above. An How. 'WEIMER hero moved that the house should be counted. At the time the motion 'was made there were 29 members present. Several, however, imme diately come in and raised the number above 40. Such, however, was their interest in the subject that they left immediately after the "count," and the attendance once more fell to about 25 during the time that Mr. MACKINNON was addressing the house. He said that there was a greater bonus given for mathe matical acquirements at Cambridge than in any other university in the country. The greater number of indi viduals who had, however, attained eminence there, aid not distinguish themselves in the subject afterwards. The members of that university, notwithstanding the encou ragement held out for the study of that science in that university, went , into public life, and were not !pre. eminently distinguished through life for their knowledge of mathematics. In fact it was generally admitted that mathematics were much more successfully cultivated in France. This showed that it was in vain to attempt to promote the cultivation of science by endowments. The greatest men of science had not, in fact, been university men. Take Herschel' amongst astronomers, and Brunel amongst mechanics. Neither belonged to any uni versity or seminary. They owed their eminence to their own genius and that alone. In like manner the inventions of the locomotive engine and the electric telegraph were due to civil engineers who had not been educated in public seminaries or at the public expense. The application of fundi to science appeared perfectly useless. Give the people a general education, and you might then from time to time obtain individuals whose genius would raise them to a prominent place amongst scientific men. He was a member of the Royal Society, and when a man I became distinguished in literature and science, that society made him a fellow ; but it was not the Royal Society which made science. It only adopted and pro mulgated discoveries. He thought that the proposition of his hon. friend was toe vague for the adoption of the house, and lee should certainly object to it if its effect was to take money out of the public purse for the pro motion of science. The house at this time consisted of about 20 members. An How. MEMBER accordingly moved the house should be counted. The result was the same as before ; a num ber of hod. gentlemen who had quietly reposed in the lobbies tre smoking room, or the library, daring the discussion immediately rushed in, raised the number of the house during the count to the requisite number, 40, and left the moment the Speaker declared the number. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER opposed the motion. The hon. gentleman had not proposed the appointment' of a committee to inquire into the probable bearing or working of any particular scheme, but merely into the question whether any means nould be devised for the promotion of science. That he must say was rather a large and somewhat indefinite subject to pro• pose for the investigation of a committee of that house. The honourable gentleman had in the course of his speech adverted to the amount of public money expended upon the various institutions devoted to the promotion of various scientific subject.. He believed that in general the advancement of science and the making of great dis coveries arose rather from the love of science which led men of genius to devote their lives to its promotion irre spective of gain than to any money which the Govern ment might directly apply to the purpose. Bat in so far as an expenditure of public money could promote the cul tivation of science, he did not see how it could be better applied than in the establishment of institutions such as those to which the hon. gentleman had adverted. There was at the British Museum a vast collection of specimens of natural history and botany, and the Go vernment had lately appointed Professor Owen—the British Cuvier—to the head of this department. Then there was a vast collection Of anatomical specimens at the Hunterian Institution, which was also partly 'sup ported nut of the public funde, so that if they looked to the collections of scientific objects or libraries for which the results of previous scientific labourh were collected, be thought there was no reason for saying there was any deficiency in the existing means for promoting the subjects of science. At this period the right hon. gentleman was again in terrupted by another "count." The hon. member who defeated the former attempt had again retired to another part of the building, there to wait until their own pet hobby should be " on ;" and there were not more thil 25 members present. As soon, however, as the mo tion wag made by acme one who took the common sense view, that a house which had no business that it cared to attend to ought to be adjourned, it was defeated by the same troupe of members who had distinguished themselves on previous occasion*, and amongst whom were conspicuous a large proportion of those who are more remarkable for the nunsber of speeches which they make in the house than for those to which they can in duce the house to listen. The CFIANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER con tinued—He said he did not think that any practical benefit would arise fro i) the appointment of a committee, with out some more definite subject to inquire into than the bun. gentleman (Kr. Hey woo d) proposed for investiga tion. If be wo u ld come f orward an d say th i it h e h ad any certain plan or su ggest i uns that would promote the ad vancement of science, or which would improve the posi tion of its eu'tivators, that would be a different matter. As it wag he did not see that any advantage would arise ftem acceding to the motion. He rather agreed with the (Mr. Macklin:me), wh ose speech wen t to th e re f u t at i on remarks of the bee * gee l eman who secon d e d th e m o ti on of the principles laid down in the motion. (Laughter.) He trusted the hon, gentleman would not press the motion to a division. Mr. TITS protestedagainst the impression that mo ney was wanted. What really was required was that a board °lenience should be constituted, consisting of the leading men of science in the country. Many important questions had been referred to the Royal Society, but that body was not lark, enough to meet the necessities which were continually ari,ing Lord STANLEY thought there was a great deal of force in the r em ark o f the Chance[kr of the Exchequer that the hon. gentleman who introduced the motion had no cpeeifio ineastue to propose, So far as his experience of committees of that house went, be thought a reference of the subject to such a body would be of no possible ad vaetage.Llt would onlyilead to very vague and desultory inquiry. lie hoped that the hon. gentleman would not press his motion now, but that he would take the oppor tunity of consulting eminent Scientific men upon the matter as to the nature of the, Government patronage they desired, and that having digested the subject be would re-introduce it to Parliament next session. These were the only remarks he should have made on the sub ject, except for one or two observations that had fallen from hon. members who had spoken. Something had been said about Cambridge endowments, and an attack had been made upon the system of mathematical study pursued in that university; while he contended that it was the best mathematical system that could be pursued, he admitted that sufficient attention was not bestowed upon the applied sciences. He was aware that mere grants of money could not greatly extend scientific ge nius, but at the same time there were many men who had a taste for scientific pursuits who were led away from them in consequence of not having had sufficient pecuniary means to complete their education. • An HON. MEMBER moved that the house be counted, whereupon the usual notice having been given to hon. members who were showing their zsal for science and their eagerness for the continuance of the debate by pass ing their time in the smoking-room, or discussing chops in the kitchen, they rushed in a body into the house and completed the necessary number of 40. Having achieved this great result, they congratulated themselves on the victory by a vigorous "bear, hear," and immediately afterwards returned to their previous unscientific enjoy ments, leaving five-or-six-and-twenty members - to conduct the proceedings. Lord PALMERSTON assured the house that the Go vernment was most anxious to promote the advancement of science in every possible way, because they were aware that science was intimately connected with the best inte rests of the country--with its national prosperity and its commercial advancement. Those who bad found their way to high offices in the state could never be insensible to the claims of science, and would never refuse to lend it every aid in their power. But many difficulties pre sented themselves. Money had been required, and Go vernment had consented to give it to men who were pur suing their researches, and who needed such assistance in order to bring them to a profitable issue. Then it had been suggested that a board of science should be esta blished, to whom doubtful points might be referred. He had strong doubts as to the working of such corporate bodies in reference to intellectual pursuits. They might be of service iu the collection of models, instruments, and things of that sort, but diversities of opinion sprang up amongst them, which frequently operated injuriously rather than beneficially. A remark from Liebig had been quoted to the effect that there was a great difference be tween England and Germany in reference to science. It went to show that in this country we looked to the prac tical application of science, while in Germany they looked more to the theory. He oosld not understand that attention to practical details involved the neglect of theory, and he did not attach importance there fore to Liebig's theory. Her Majesty's Government would always be most thankful for any suggestions that might be made to them in the matter and which might be within the Bove of Government or Parliament. He trusted that his 'hon. friend (Hr. Heywood) having called the attention of Parliament to the subject would withdraw his motion, because if he pressed it to a divi sion it would imply that differences of opinion existed, which was really not the case. (Hear.) After some explanation from Mr. HEYWOOD, the motion wag withdrawn. PROPERTY OF MARRIED WOMEN. Sir E. PERRY rose to move the following resolutions : —" That the rules of the common law which give all the personal property of a woman on marriage, and all subse quently acquired property and earnings to the husband, are unjust in principle and injurious in their operation. That the principles of courts of equity which recognise separate property in a married woman, and invest her, with respect to such property, with all the rights of ownership, are in accordance with the requirements of the age, and in confoimity with the opinions and usages of the wealthier and better-instructed Classes of society. That in the opinion of this house the conflict between law and equity on the subject ought to be terminated by a general law based on the principles of equity which should apply to all classes." Just before Easter he presented a petition from 3,000 women, and including the names of our leading literary women, and others who, having had opportunities of vi s iti ng t h e houses of the people, ba be ' come acquainted with their habits and wants. He bad taken up this subject after due consideration, and he bad come to the conclusion that the law of this country in re ference to then property of married women was most dis graceful. By the old English law women were treated as the women of other nations. The women took one third of the husband's land and of his personal property on his death, and this system still prevailed amongst the Teutonic nations, but by successive decisions of judges the law.had been abrogated, although the Legis lature had never formally touched it. It was admitted, he believed, that the practice of giving the wife's pro perty to the husband was carried a great deal too far; for the husband might squander all the pro perty of his wife, or go off with another, leaving the wo man without any support from her owri property. It was no theoretical grievance that he was discussing, and it was necessary to meet the contrary argument, for he had heard it several times stated that although theoretically it was absurd to deny such rights as he claimed for wo men, no practical grievances arose from withholding them. He might occupy the house for hours in cit ug cases of practical grievaT eez, but he would not do so, for thera bad been many hints that the house was impatient. But one grievance had been stated to him in many dif ferent ways since he gave notice of this motion, namely, that ofsa man who having gone off in adultery with an other, left his wife destitute. The poor woman by dint of great industry might manage to establish herself in some business, and at any ti me h e p l ease d the husband might, under the sanction of the law, sweep off all her property when and as often as he pleased. A remedy for this might be found if the Legislature :lowed a woman to have ownership in the case of her own property, and to will it as she pleased. If this privilege weregranted, the woman would of course be liable for some of the charges of ma trimony, for the support of her children, and for those debts wide!) now by an absurd regulation fall upon the husband. He trusted that the Attorney-General, who was a Bound law reformer, would direct his serious con sideration to this important subject. Lord STANLEY seconded the motion. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL admitted the truth of the statements made in the resolutions which he had put upon the paper, but he trusted that he would not press them. lie 'thought the object might he better attained by bringing in 'a bill on the subject, than by discussing resolutions which mode the house a mere debating so ciety. He believed that by next session the Lord Chan cellor would be prepared with a measure which would be the beginning of a far more comprehensive measure than could otherwise be secured. Mr. MA.LINS argued that under the existing law a mar ried woman could easily secure her propezty to her own separate use, if she desired to do so, by a simple act of writing, and without even the intervention of a solicitor or attorney. He was so strongly impressed with the ne cessity of preserving identity of interests between man and wife, that he should feel it his duty to enter his most solemn protest against the notion which was spring ing up that a woman ought to have the sight to a sepa rate establishment. Mr. MUNTZ thought that the groundwork for this claim of separate property on the part of a wife arose from the difficulty which existed in obtaining divorces. The SOLIOITOR.GENERAL said that the true evil, and it was one which called loudly for a remedy, was that the husband might neglect the obligation of main taining his wife without any remedy being easily ob• tained at common law, and might still avail himself of the property of the wife given to him on marriage on con dition of his fulfilling that obligation of maintenance. The subject was one which demanded most careful con sideration, and probably some arrangements might be made in the bill which was expected to come down from the Lords, by which women deserted by their husbands might be protected froth the effects of their .misconduct. He trusted that the right hon. member would be content with the assurance that the subject would receive the earnest and careful consideration of the Government. Mr. WHITESIDE thought that the present discus. sion afforded a proof of the advantage which would re sult from the appointment of a Minister of Justice to attend to matters of this kind. 'Mr. J. G. PHILLIMORE considered that although there were some things in which we might borrow with advantage from foreign countries, still upon the question of the social position of man and wife foreign countries might borrow many useful lessons from us. Numerous cases of oppression and cruelty no doubt occurred in the humbler ranks of life, which called loudly for an efficient alteration of the existing law of divorce. A. piecemeal motion, such as that now before the house, was not a proper mode of dealing with the question. Mr. COLLIER concurred in the opinion expressed by the hon, and learned member for Enniskillen, on the propriety of the appointment of a Minister of Justice. Mr. W. J. FOX supported the motion, on the grounds that the law as it at present stood inflicted great hardships on the humbler classes. Mr. CHAMBERS deprecated any attempt, such as the present, of making lad law from hard cases. The principles of the present motion would nullify the whole of the marriage law, but the evils which required to be remedied arose entirely from a breach of the law, and it was such oases that it was desirab'e to meet. Sir E. PERRY accepted the assurance of the hon. and learned' Solicitor-General that he would consider the whole subject, and consented to withdraw his motion. The resolution was accordingly withdrawn. POSTAGE LABELS. Mr. WHITESIDE moved for a select committee to inquire into the circumstances under which the Govern ment purchased Mr. Archer's machine fer perforating postage labels, and entered into the existing agreements With contractor,: for printing and gumming those lsbds. The her. member gave a ❑arrative of the c rcumstauces, from which he drew the conclusion that Mr. Archer had suffered much injustice at the hands of the Treasury, while the public hal bee❑ injured by the c msequenees of an improvident contract. Mr. WILSON recapitulated facts and referred to do cuments to prove that Mr. Archer had been fairly treated. After a few remarks from Mr, Grogan, Mr. L. Davies, and Mr. Muntz, The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he believed that the sum originally effeied to Mr. Arche r was ful'y equal to the intrinsic value of his inven tion• In that inveritiou he was very materially assisted by a (I , verninent officer. Mr. Archer subsequently made an absolute transfer of his patent to the Govern ment, and now, at this distance of time, for Mr. Archer to put forward a further claim was utterly indefensible. As to the contract with Messrs. Bacon and Petch, the house would hardly grant a committee to investigate cortaiu verbal inaccurcicies which it was alleged occurred in the contract. With respect to the question of sur face printing and copperplate printing, that subject had been investigated by the Treasury, and it was decided, for the protection of the revenue, to have recourse to copperplate printing. That decision had been come to on the advice of scientific persons of great eminence. He would cause the subject to be investigated, and see if there were any grounds for the statement of the hon. member, that the terms of the present contract were ex cessive. Mr. WHITESIDE replied. The trade complained that the Government had not thrown the contract open to competition, but had given it to Mr. De la Rue be. cause he was in some measure connected with persons holding offices under the Government. He contended thi4 was a case for further inquiry. (Hear, hear.) Mr. BELL said no explanation had as yet b.:en given as to the 8,0001. After some remarks from Mr. WILSON, which were unintelligible in the gallery, The house divided, when the numbers were— For the motion . . 39 Against it Majority against the motion —lB Mr. BROTIIERTON moved the adjournment of the house, but withdrew it at the request of Sir G. Grey, to allow certain unopposed returns to be granted with out a discussion. FISHERIES (IRELAND). Mr. M`MA.LION moved for a select committee to in vestigate the operation of the recent statutes relating to the fisheries of Ireland, and was called to order by Mr. Brotherton, on the ground that he withdrew his motion conditionally. The hon. member declined to accede to the request that he should not press his motion, but he persisted, on the ground that he was no party to the arrangement alluded to ; but, before he could make his motion, the house was counted out, 27 members only being present. The house adjourned at five minutes to twelve o'clock. - - - PARLIAMENTARY DIVISION. HOUSE OF COMMONS.--JUNE 10. PUNISHMENT OF DEATH. Motion made, and question put, " That a select committee be appointed to inquire into the operation of the law imposing tne punishment of death." The house divided ; ayes, 64; noes, 158. AYES-64. Aeair, 11. Gibson, M. A lcock, T. Greene, John Barnrs, T. Headlain, T. Bell, J. Heywood, J. Biggs, W. Hindiey, C. Bignold, Sir S. Holland, E. Blakemore, T. Hutchins, E. Brotherton, J. Hutt, W. Brown, W. Ingham, R. Chambers, T. Jackson, W. Clifford, Lt.-Col. 11. M. Kelly, Sir F. Cogan, W. H. F. Kennedy, T. Cowan, C. Kershaw, J. Crossley, F. Langton, H. G. Currie, Raikes Laslett, W. De Vere, S. E. Lee, W.. Duncan, George - MacMahon, P. Ewart, J. Maguire, J. P. Fagan, W. Meagher, T. Ferguson, J. Mall, E. Fitz Gerald, Sir John Milligan, R. Forster, Charles Michell, William Ewart, W. Fox, W. J. Alowatt, F. Hadfield, George ----- Muntz, G. Pechell, Sir G. Pellatt, A. Phi Ilhnore, J. G. Pilicington, J. R rtynham, Viscount Richardson, J. Robartes, T. Scholefield, W. Scobell, Capt. Smith, J. B. Thompson, G. Thornely, T. Tite, W. Walmsley, Sir J. Warner, E. Whitbread, S. Williams, W. TELLERS. . ... NOES-158. Acland, Sir T. Fitzgerald, W. R. S. Northcote, Sir S. Agnew, Sir A. - Royer, J. O'Brien, P. Bailey, Sir J. Fortescue, C. S. O'Brien, Sir T. Baillie, H. rreestun, Colonel O'Brien, J. Baines, Rt. Hon, M. Gall trey, Sir W. Macke, C. Ball, E. Gladstone, W. Pakington, Sir S. Baring, Sir F, Gladstone, Capt. J. Palmerston, Viscount Baring, T. Glyn, G. Patten, Col., Barrow, W. Gower, F. Peel, Gen. Baxter, W. Grace, 0. Pennant, Col. E. Beaumont, W. Graham, Sir J. Percy, J. Beckett, W. Greenall, Gilbert Per ry, Sir E. Bellew, T. Greene, Thomas Ponsonby, A. Berkeley, Hon. H. F. Gregson, Samuel Pritchard, J. Berkeley, F. Grenfell, Charles Pugh, D. Black, Adam Grey, It'r. Hon. Sir G. Repto -,, G. Blackburn, P. Grey, R. Ridley-, George Blandford, Marquis of Gwyn, Howol Robertson, P. Bond, J. Hamilton, Lord Claud Rushout, Capt. G. Bouverie, Hon. E. P. Hamilton, G. A. Russell, P. C. Bramley- Moore, J. Hankey, T. Rust, James Brarnston, T. W. Harcourt, Col. Bandon, Viscount Brand, H. B. W. Plastic, Arch El. Seymour, IL Bruce, C. L. C. Heneage, Geo. H. Shirley, E. Buckley, Gen. , Herbert, H. Smith, R. Bur , ell, Sir C. llotham, Lord Smith, Abel Cardwell, E. Howard. C. Smollett, A. Castlerosse, Vis. Hughes, H. G. Spooner, R. Cockbarn, Sir A. J. E. Johnstone, J. Stracey, Sir H. Colder, R.:P. Johnstone, Sir J. Strait, Hon. E. Conolly, T. Kendall, N. Swift, R. Coote, Sir C. 11. Kinnaird, A. Tollemache, J. Corbally, M. E. Labouchere,Rtalon.ll Tottenham, C. Cowper. W. F. Lewis, Sir U.C. Tyler, Sir G. Davie, Sir H. R. F. Liddell, H. G. Vance, John Davies, J. Lovainc, Lord Vane, Lord H. Deedes, William Lowe, It. Vernon, G. Hering, Sir E. Mackie, J. Vivian, 11. li. Dill wyn, L. L. Mackinnon, W. Waddington, H. Drummond, li. . MacGregor, James Walcott, Admiral. Duckworth, trir J. T.B. McTaggart, Sir J. Walter, J. Duff, 0. Malins, Richard Whitmore, H. Juff, J. . ' Martin, J. Wilkinson ; W. Dungarvan, Viscount Martin P. Wilson, J. Dunlop, A. Monck;Vis. Wood, Sir C. Egerton, W. Monsen, W. Woodd, B. Egerton, Edw. ' Moore, G. Wyndham, Gen. Esmonde, J. Morgan, 0.! • Wynn, Lt.-Col. Evelyn, W. J. Morris, D. Wynne, W. Farfer, J. Mowbray, J. R. Wynne, John Fergus, John Murrough, J. P. Ferguson, Sir R. Napier, Sir C. Fergusson, Sir J. Newdegate, C. Fitzgerald, J. Nisbet, R. TELLERS. Ilayter, W. Malgrave, Earl of ARCHES COURT--June 10. (Before Sir. J. Donsox.) • THE KNIGHTSBRIDGE CASE. Dr. Bayford replied last Monday on behalf of the appel lants, Messrs. Wosterton and Beal. Dr. Phillimore having, with the permission of the learned judge, made a few observations in reply, Sir J. Dodson said he would reserve his decision, and was leaving the court, when the well-known Captain Ackerley said he had discovered that the learned judge had a concurrent jurisdiction with the Court of Ad miralty, and he had attended to bring beforo him an im portant document. Sir J. Dodson : I have no Admiralty jurisdiction what ever. Captain Ackerley : Pardon me, sir ; James 11. granted certain rights in America to Prince Rupert, who trans ferred them to Prince Eugene. Prince Eugene transferred them to the Duke of Ormonde, who gave them to the Archbishop of Canterbury. In proof of that I may point to that shield which hangs before you, and which contains the arms of Canterbury and the kedge of the Admiralty. The meaning of "kedge" was "anchor, I impanel," and the object of this application is to procure the anchor which is upstairs, and which is necessary to enable the Americans to carry out the grand jury system. Sir J. Dobson : But I have not the custody of the an chor to which you refer; and that coat of arms only means that the Arches Court and the Court of Admiralty are both hold here. Captain Ackerley : But I say you have the custody of the anchor. This man, sir —continued the gallant cap tain, putting forward the " Indian_ chief," by whom he is always attended—is the only person authorised to present the letter I have mentioned. It contains, you will find, all the historical information bearing on the subject. I only address you because this man is not able to speak English very well. Tho Indian then laid the letter on the table, and was immediately patted on the back by his master, who told him he had "done his duty." The gallant captain then quitted the court; leaving the spectators not a little as tonished at so unusual an interruption of the quiet routine of " the Commons." rADvIERTISXMANT. .I—A SCOT RACES.---SIGHT AND HEAR UM.— SPECTACLES, POWERFUL TELESCOPES, OPERA, RACE AND PERSPECTIVE GLASSES. —Messrs. S, and B. Solomons, opticians, 39, Albe marle-street, Piccadilly. Obseeve—opposite the York Hotel By ker Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for valuable and extraordinary improvements in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Racecourse, Opera, and Per. epectivo Glasses, to know the distances of objects viewed through them—of great importance to the army, navy, and others. These telescopes possess such extraordinary powers that some three and a-half inches, with an extra eye piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's ring, and the double stars ; with the same teiescopo can be seen a person's countenance three miles and a half distant, and an object from 16 to 20 miles. They are of larger and al: sizes, with increasing powers accordingly; while their vary. ing from 4 to 6 inches ena bl e us t o di scover more than the above, and the Geor g ian, with his 6 satellites, &c.—The Royal Exhibition, 1851.—Valuable, newly-invented, very small, powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen and known lj miles distant; they answer every purpose on the race-course, and at the opera houses, country scenery, and ships are clearly seen at 8 to 10 miles. They aro invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera, race-course, camp, and perspective glasses, with wonderful power. Newly-constructed Spectacle Lenses of the great. est transparent power. The valuable advantage derived from this invention is, that vision becoming impaired is preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons aro enabled to employ their sight at the most minute occu pation- can see with these lenses of a much less magnify. ing power—and they do not require the frequent changes to the dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Deafness—New Discovery.—The Organic Vibrator, an ex traordinary powerful, small, newly-invented instrument for deafness, entirely different from all others, to surpass any thing of the kind that has been, or probably ever can be, produced. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not per. ceptible ; it enables deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and at public assemblies ; the unpleasant sensation of singing noises in the ears is entirely removed; and it affords all the assistance that possibly could be desired.-39, Albemarle street, Piccadilly. Observe—opposite the Yolk Hotol. [ADVERTISEMENIA—Du Barry's delicious Revalenta Arabica Food invariably restores health, without medicine, inconve nience, or expense, as .it saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, and removes indigestion (dyspepsia), flatulency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver com plaints, cough, asthma, consumption, and debility. Wo extract a few out of 50,000 t estimonials of cures, which had resisted all medicines. Cure No. 4,2oB.—Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and nausea, have a been effe ctually removed by D u B arry ' s delicious food in y short time.—Rev. John W. Flavell, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk. From the Dowager Countess of Castlestuart.—Cure 52,612 —Rosstrevor, County of Down . , Ireland, 9th December, 1854. —The Dowager C oun t ess o f Castlestuart feels induced, in the interest of suffering huma nity, to state that Du Barry'sexcellent Revalenta Arabica Food has cured her, after all medicines had failed, of indigestion, bile, great nervousnessand irritability of many years' standing. This food deserves the confidence of all sufferers, and may be considered a blessing. Inquiries will be cheerfully answered. Supported by testimonials from the celebrated Professors of Chemistry Dr. Andrew lire ; Dr. Shorlaud ; Dr. Harvey ; Dr. Campbell; Dr. Gattiker ; Dr. IVurzer ; Dr. Ingrain ;- Lord Stuart do Decies ; the Dowager Countess of Castle stuart; Major-Gen. Thomas King, and many other respectable persons, whose health has been restored by it, after all other means of cure had failed. Suitably packed2fso.r;all with full i nstructions. In canisters, 51bs., 1 ls. ; 121b5., 225. ; super-refined, 11b. Gs. ; 2lbs., lls. ; 51 bs., 2 Lond on ; The 101b s. and i2lbs. c trriage free, on receipt of poet-office order. B arry d u Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, Fortnum, Maso n , and Co., Purveyors to her Maje s t y, Picca dilly ; also a t 60, Gracechurch-street ; 33J and 451 , S trand ; 4, Oheapside; 68, Ccrnhill ; 49, Bishopsgate-street; 55, Char. ing-oress; 64, Upper Baker-street; 03 and M s Oxford. Street, OUR RELATIONS WITH AMERICA. The Earl of CARNARVON asked the noble lord the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs whether he had yet received any authentic intelligence from America! The Earl of CLARENDON said that he had received late last night a letter from Mr. Crampton, dated the 27th, which stated that up to the latest hour he had received no intimation of his dismissal. COUNTY COURT Acr AMENDMENT BILL. This bill passed through committee. MERCANTILE LAW AMENDMENT BILL. The report of the amendments to this bill was received. The Juvenile Convicts' Prison (Ireland) Bill was read a third time and passed. The Drafts on Bankers Bill passed through committee. The Public Health Supplemental Bill, and the Hay and Straw Trade Bill, were read a third time and passed. The Pawnbrokers Bill passed through committee. SHERBURN HOSPITAL BILL. The LORD CHANCELLOR, in moving the second reading of this bill, said it was introduced in pusuance of the powers Tested in the Charity Commission by the act passed three years ago. They were empowered, in any case where the funds of a charity were devoted to purposes t they considered not to be beneficial, and when the courts could not interfere, to propose a scheme for the sanction of Parliament to divert the funds to other purposes;This bill and the other three bills, of which he was about to move the second readings, were intro duced to carry out four of these schemes. Sherburn Hospital was an ancient hospital for lepers in the north of England ; the commissioners proposed to devote the funds to the purposes of a general hospital 2 • the only point in dispute now was wh e th er th e h ead of the new establishment should be a medical man or a clergyman. He would postpone the committee for a week to give time for consideration. The bill was then read a second time. The Endowed School at Moulton Bill, tho Magdalen Hospital (Bath) Bill, and the Stoke Poges Hospital Bill were also read a second time. The Bishop of OXFORD moved that the,coiTespond ence between the Bishop of Durham and the Charity Commis`oners in reference to Sherburn Hospital should be laid on the tuble. After &few remarks from Lord RAVENSWOETH, The LORD CHANCELLOR said there was no ob jection tetthe production of the correspondence. The motion was then agreed to. THE ROAD THROUGH ST. JAMES'S PARK. Lord RAVENSWORTH asked if her Majesty's Go vernment intended to introduce any new proposition for the accommodation of the public in this metropolis by improved facilities of communication, after the failure of the attempt to induce the House of Commons to sanc tion the estimates submitted to a committee of the whole house for carrying out such a design ? The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said there was un doubtedly -great difference of opinion on the matter, but her Majesty's Government had now under consideration a plan for giving the required accommodation at a leso expense, which would be laid on the table of the other house in a few days. The Marquis of CLANRICARDE expressed a hope that the paper would also be presented to their lordships. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said the paper would of course be laid before their lordships also. The house then adjourned at 20 minutes past six. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—(Y sTERDAY.) The SPEAKER took the chair at the usual hour. NEW WRIT. A new writ was ordered to issue for Leicester in the place of Mr. Gardner, deceased, PRIVATE BUSIN Ess. The following bills were read a third time and passed : —Castle Douglas and Dutntries Railway ; Ceylon Rail way Company ; Epsom and Leatherhead Railway ; London and South-Western Railway (Yeovil to Exeter); Swansea Vale Railway. The following bills were considered, and ordered to be read a third time :—lsle of Wight Steam Bridge and Approaches, Londonderry and Enniskillen Railway (re committed), London Printing and Publishing Company, Nawab of Surat Treaty (changed from " Nawab of Surat "), Wear and Bronygarth Roads, Conway and Llandudno Road, and Salisbury Market Branch Railway and Market House. REFORM OF THE CORPORATION OF LONDON. Lord J. RUSSELL presented a petition, signed by 4,000 inhabitants of the city of London, in reference the bill for - the reform of the corporation of London. The petitioners stated that they attached the greatest value to the municipal institutions, and they also remarked that some years ago this house legislated upon the subject, but that the City of London was excluded from that reform. The petitioners expressed themselves in favour of the abolition of street dues ' and they al so a p prove d o f t h e removal of the co a l duties, but they thought that the Lord Mayor should be elected by the general-body of the constituents of the City of London rather than by the Common Council. They, however, approved generally of the bill at present before Parlia ment, and they expressed a hope that it might speedily pass into law . . Mr. DISRAELI presented a petition from the City of London against the bill for the better regulation of the Corporation of London. The hon. gentleman moved that the petition be read at length by the clerk at the table. The motion was agreed to, and the petition was read. I POOR LAWS. Mr. MUNTZ moved for a copy of a return transmit. ted by the guardians of the poor of _Birmingham to the Poor-Law Board, dated the 4th day of June, 1856, showing the total amount expended for the maintenance and relief of the poor, and the cost per head on the populations, in 42 unions and paridhes, including the parish of Birmingham, for the years ending Lady Day, 1354 and 1855 respectively. Agreed to. WILLS AND ADMINISTRATIONS BILLS. In reply to Mr. HADFIELD, The SOLICITOR-GENERAL said he intended to proceed with this bill on the 23d inst., as the, day had been specially fixed for the purpose, and the bill stood the first on the orders for that day. THE GUARDS' MEMORIAL. In reply to Major SIBTHORP, llr. II Guards' Memorial by the War Department, but it was thesu chtha:. the w arrant of 1854 remained the same as if memorial had never existed. He objected to the production of the reply. ST. PANCRNS WORKHOUSE. Sir J. PAKINGTON asked the President of the Poor- Law Board whetber any Progress had yet b ed e aa e tri n oisn m en a o d fffr e toh i m n e the correction of the great evi l s which h the crowdid state and defective accommodation St. Pancras Workhouse; and, if not, whethe r he intended to take any steps to require and e n f orce the necessary improvements ? Mr. BOUVERIE said it would be in the recollection of the houselhat, some time ago, he made a statement with respect to the course that was intended to be 1 „,._ sued in regard to this workhouse. On the 4th o f March an inspector was directed to inspect the workhouse,: and on the 24ta of .the- same month that gen tleman - made a report, stating that no material improvement had taken place in the work- house. A correspondenc e then ensued between the Commissioners of the Poor and th e . door-Law Board, the result of which was that a further term of two months was allowed. That time would expire in July, but in the course of the summer he anticipated that a great improvement would take place, as there seemed to be the greatest desire on the part of the new commissioners to carry out the necessary measures. Sir J. PAKINGTON said be presumed there was no want of poorer over the workhouse authorities. Mr. BOUVERIE said there wean° power to compel a reduction of the inmates ; for other purposes the law Vag sufficient. Mr. KENNEDY asked the Attorney-General for Ireland whethe r it was the intention of Government to take any steps for Providing an increase of salary for the clerks of Nisi Prins in Dublin, in consequence of the increased duties and expenses imposed on them—first, by the establishment of the " Consolidated Nisi Pries Court" in Dublir ; and secondly, by the act called "The Common Law Procedure A c t ? The SOLICITOR-GENERAL for IRELAND said further legislation would be necessary to take the step alluded to. In the present state of Irish business in that Louse it was cot intended to introduce any measure on the subject. - MAILS TO AUSTRALIA. Mr. MAOARTNEY asked the Secretary to the Trea sury what' providOn would he made for the conveyance Cou ,try Markets. LI VEILPOOL-JuNE 10. ---- --- At this day's market there was a fair attendance of the trade, and a good demand experienced for wheat, at an advance of 3d to 4d per 701 b ou red, and 2d to 3d per 701 b on white on the prices of this day week. Flour must be quoted 6d to Is per barrel and is to is 6d per sack dearer. Oats and oatmeal met with buyers to a fair extent. Bar ley and peas without change. Egyptian beans isvd to 2s per qr dearer. A fah business was done in yellow and niixod Indian corn, a:1 27s per qr. White attracted consi derable attention, and anything prime offering at 30e to 30s 6:1 per qr. was readily disposed of. LEEDS-JUNE 10. --- A good demand for fresh wheat at 2s per qr. advance on the prices of Tuesday last. All other descriptions in faioar of the seller. IPSWICH-JUNE 10. The supply of wheal i g.limited : the prices asked b 7 the growers prevented any b-tsnt of business. The Wes made were at fully 2s per qr. advance on the rates of last week. Beans 2s per qr. dearer. P&U, QUARTER. PER QtTARTIIIi. Wheat, red (old) 68s to 70s Barley, grinding ... —s to --s Ditto (new) Ditto, white 738 to 75s Peas Ditto (old) Barley, malting ... —s to —ElFlour, per sack - AVERAGES FOR THE WEER ENDING JUNE 6, 1856. Wheat Oats Peas OP ----s Od Barley Beans PA -- s Od BRISTOL-JurrE 10. Our corn market has been moderately supplied with English wheat since our last, for which an advance of 16 to 2s per qr. has been obtained. Foreign also is higher. Barley, beans, and peas ls to 2s dearer. Oats held for an advance of 6d to is per qr., which checks sales. Flour la to 2s higher. Irish butter in limited demand, the local supplies being plentiful. Potatoes, old in good supply, and upwards of 140 tons of new have arrived from Corn wall, which sell at from 22s to 408 per cwt., according to quality. HIILL-JurrE 3. Today we had a very small supply of wheat from our farmers, which met active demand at 2s to 3s per qr. ad• • vance, 70s to 73s being the rates current to the farmers. For foreign improved inquiry at the advance noted. Bar ley Is dearer, with a good demand. Beans and oats is each dearer. The linseed market very firm, and cakes, from real scarcity and animated consumptive demand, are 5s dearer during the week. 5 81 Wheat, English, red 70 to 74' Ditto white 74 to 58 Dautzic and Konigs berg 7O to 74, Pomeranianand Ham - burgh Danish, Holstein, and Peas, grey and black to Linseed, Black Sea 50 to St Ditto Petersbnrgh 45 to 50 Ditto Riga and Arch angel Ditto Konigsberg and Memel 42 to 41 38 to 44 Friesland - GO to 6' , 1 For Ton. Russian and Odessa 58 to 63Lins. c., Null / Os to 91 o-0d . ., Oats, English Ditto Danish Ditto Friesland Ditto Russian 26 to 27 Rape cakes —s Od to 11580 i Barley, malting Ditto grinding 34 to 311 Ditto foreign Beans Ditto foreign Peas, white and yol. 36 to 38 Flour, per brl. ......355. 380. COURSE OF EXCH., 11 , 8% Ditto, three months .. 12 N Rotterdam . .. 12 0} Antwerp • • •• •• •• •• •• •• 25 65 Brussels 25 65 liamburgh •• • • •• •• •• • • 13 10 3 4 Altona •• •••••••••• •• •• Paris • •• •• •• •• •• •• 25 42% Ditto, three months .. 25 75 Marseilles .•• •• •• •• •• 25 75 itourdeaux •• •• •• •• •• •• Frankfort-on Blaine .... 12434 Vienna•• •• .• •• •• •• •• 10 24 rrie5te................ 10 22 Petersburg •• •••••• •• •• 37% 3,ladriel •••••• • •• dr, WS •• •19.7 8 Cadiz • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • •• Ilnrceiona •••••• • . • • •• ievilie •• .• •• •• •• •• •f ANGE.-YESTERDAL Gibraltar ...... •••• • • • • Leghorn •• ••••••••••• 30 5 Genoa .... 55 Milan Naples 44 Palermo .............. 132 Messina ... ... 132 Lisbon ...... 53.1 Oporto .: 53 g Rio Janeiro ..... . • • •—• Buenos Ayres New York,6o days' sight • Philadelphia mess OF sr mow, rzs OZ. Foreign Gold in Bars £3 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin .. U 0 0 Mexican Dollars .... 0 0 0 New Dollars ...... 0 0 0 Silver in bars .." .. 0 0 0 SEABORNE MAILS. (N cignlfloa that the math' are sent from the General Post OM the night—and M by the morning—,tespateh.) I Day when madoul , From wha Wheel ' OGUNTRIM. in General Post- Port die i 0 01lice, London.* Dispatehoo.. e; nc teed. - —.........._. —...-......! ---.. A.naerioa(byltrit.pack)N Every Friday ...• Li ver p oo l ... J une 4 &twice. (by United Sts. packet) .. - ......N •••• •• •• • • Liverpool ... America (by U. States packet) ...N •• es • • • • - Southampton .•* -- .'' , .11 .. Australia (via South ..... ampton) ..........34 ••••• .. • • • • Southampton Ditto (via Marseilles) N Ditto (via Cape of Good •• ***** - •. ••• anent& Hope) .....• •• •• ••N 23d of the month.. Plymouth .. 8,9, 24,5 G 30 of m. Dover ....", Alexandria_ _ ,_ .. „Id 4th & 90th of mon. Southampton' A. Li te ri x c a a n ( d W ri e a s . t .. e . ° . " . . t .. ) .... N ls gJuthamPtOr, June'l6. Bahamas ..,,,,, .„ „ „34 17th of the month Southampton Brazil .............. N 9th of the month.. Buenos Ayres ........51 9th oi the month.. S ou tharnrton June 16 Cape of Good Hope ..1.; Varlona ports u m:E u.l Cape of Good Hope ..N Caye de Verde .. ... N 9th of the month S ou th amp t on . Ceylon (see India) Ceylon ..............N Channel 151e5........;' Notl••Nred..&Fri4. Southampton T n .Thsig c ani.................3) 2 , 1 & 17th of month Southamptet, China ..... Once a month.... June 4 Constantinople .... 18,23,5;29 ot n Do ver .. .. .. -2- 3 , 13 , C ith 5 , 20 th of mon. Southampton Cont. an ut t .of t E in u ° r P o l p ° ; Ali • ;i • • N rwice dailY -.- • • Dover ...... T w ,,,. Egypt (sue indict) France ........ At & N frrwleo da11y...... Dover ...... T w icedill Gibraltar .......... /V I ! 4 , 7 . 1 7, 20, 27 dm. Southamptoi areoce (see India) 1 , 2nd & 17th of mon. Southampton Elamt,urgh .. _ ......N j Tuesday & Friday Loudon ..... Daily... ..... •• • • Dover ••••• •• D a ily am , annah .......... 24 ,2nd of the month Southampton n nie I 171.: (• the month. Southampton 16tholine g o ol n i t an iur d a; •• • • • .... .... ........ 31 171.: itli & 20th of mon. Plymouth .. 19th& 25th of month Dover ...... 4 & 20 n 1 India (viaSouthampt.)M India (via Marseilles) ti 17, & 27 of mon Dover.... - lonian Isles (see India)l 7, Ireland ........3i & N Twi " dAiIY • • •• •• Heil bead ... jiN r i ee dstly r.,.,,,...............34 7>. 9, 17, & 27 of Tn. So u th amptonixune 6 Lauri Z r. 4 .. .. .. .. .. .. 31 Lt. il. of month the ..1 7 .4 .o lv u e t r h e a oo niroal Madeira ............N Malta (see India) Wits. ...... .. Mauritius (See India) 11,,.. nrujus ._ _.._ ~, 14th of the month .: — ico ___ ~ : ;. .......2d; Ind of th mon th ., t3outhampt.n 'J une I ~,,.,,,,,,, .... 7 ... ~ .. _...:s t s thlstll2sthofinon. , Dev er .....„ 4,4 utanada ' .. :. ... 1 „ 51 & 17th of rnont!.gouthamptol, 5r e w zea1and........ : ,BY Priviqe eip .. !Various port'. Uncertaig Papal ~..„6 ........1: 50115th25thottnon.IDover ...... • i eiir. ,;; u r a ` v ...... __ _. j,,, Tthilth27thofinon.i9outhawtpton Peru .. .......:: : 0 , Id & 27th of mon.s.'iouthampton PoYt Nat ' ai • • • • • • •• .. N Ily private hi p.. , Do ports -uneerrA Sicily , -1: ' thlt6th ""mon,!. Dover .... - . Tuscany ............, s thlSth 2s thonno».,Dovor ...... 2 Venezuels .C J ,I:St 17th oh:north ißoutharapton 1 k limp Van Dieneen'sLo.nd (up Australia) - Wort Indies .... : ~., i 2 O SG 17th co' moot' 'Southatoottod Southatnptattf When any o these dates fall on a Sunday, the melte wni ade spatehed on the following day, with the exception of the Indic (vi a • outhanapton), and the Ma!ta, both of which will be deelnateb , d preceding day. LOCAL SHARE MARKETS, LIVERPOOL, JUNE 10 STnox Exoffaxem.--The market has been dull to-dalo without any particular feature. MANCHESTER, JuNz 10. STOOK EXCHANGE.—The market has been if anything lower to-day, but with a moderate business doing. Midlands, 79 81 Dovers, 21a 9-16—Leeds, 93i 3 East Lancashire, 19 15-16 — , Great Western of Canada, 26k 44 per cent., 984—District Bank, 91 prem.-- Electzic Telegraph, 23i—Sheffields, 29k. BIRMINGHAM, Jurza 10. STOCK EXCHANGE. This market was rather dull to• day, with prices rather lower, and rails less in demand. London and North Westerns closed at 102 l —Great Wes tern Birmingham Guaranteed Stock, 74—Midlands, 794 — Great Westerns, 61i. LEEDS, JUNE 10. STOCK EXCHANGE. —North Eastern, (Leeds) 17/—East Lancashire Qrs., 8/. Bs. 6d. The Polish refugees residing in Paris have been in• vited by Prince Adam Czartoriski to assemble at his mansion and sign a protest against the amnesty recently accorded by the Emperor of Russia. BIRTHS, Or A SON. On the 10th inst., at 3, New Cavendish-street, Portland place, the wife of George Booth, Esq., solicitor. On the 9th inst., at Magdalen Laver Rectory, Essex, the wife of the Rev. George Augustus Smith. OP A DAI7GHTZII. On the ith. inst., at Stanton Lacy House, Ludlow, th lady of Evan H. Lloyd, Esq. On the 9th inst., at 21. Princes•terrace, Hyde•park, the wife of Henry White, Esq. MARRIED. On the 10th inst., at St. John's Church, Paddington, Lord Forregter to Lady Melbourne. The marriage was strictly private. On the 9th inst., at St. George's, Hanover-square, Jae. Howe, Esq.,, of Maids-hill west, to Anne Bennett, the youngest daughter of William Bennett Barker, E sq ., of H.M.'e Office of Works, Whitehall, and Shateabury crescent, Pimlico. DIED.; On the 4th inst., at Paris, the Right Hon. Maria Teresa, Countess of Shrewsbury. On the 9th inst., at 4, Camden-square, Leonard, the youngest son of Frederick Goodall, A R.A. On the 9th inst., at Edmonton, Mr. George Pitt, of Chapel -place, aged c 4. On the 7th rust , at Southampton, Michael W. Barnes Esq., late of Reigate, Surrey. On the 6th iust., at Westerland, near Totnes, Devor, Mr. Thomas .Pensford, late of Westbourne-terrace, Hyde park-gardens, aged 67. On the 9th inst., at 27, Ashley-place, Elizabeth. widow of the late Francis Synge, Esq., of Glanmore Castle, and List surviving ;sister of the late General Sir John Taylor, K.C.B. • On the Bth t wat., at Weymouth, Wm. Turton, Esq. LittmoN: Prissted and Published by IIUILDO YOUNG of No. 112., strand, Printer, at The Sum Office, Ito. 11 Strand. in. the Precinct of the Savoy, in the Donut , Midalowx. Wednesday, 'Amen, lozch, it % eAldb, 4 11 11.%Pistol 14k mod' Iglaky.i b 7 Dr. • M J "man t ic tcladin %re a l 'nth di( TISTU .1 TlThree iv:ai ••e •••• ti tter. LEG 7 1" P r the co 17: 14 04 1 rl4tirtti hi s i tt le 112 11, th da thre Pi t lier Sth ''sq of 4to !,,t '4 ' 43, 'kr prop *7 e g l ' SO t o : l nr „ . h e w ; • th e • has ista DI 4. 11 quai k l / 41 :eryi( )441101 The Rtbnme 11, 1 74 are 4 k wm a ' ti ne tiZVey, 0: h ut Fuel .1 th e 4: t r th e al 444 twiC, De blYloket, t t t tria l or 41° Plid I ftdon arort 4 nu ettio Wolvenrll • Itte L ti.- 444:114 1 1 . ot Tick ._ 1 1%3 1 t 'ando °21 . 64 i l lnerbc ai rnitn, er 74, ttvi u ket. 44 11 " I t 8 S 1,- -,,,, 1 bi ) lecl prose I, h I li j r L ~d. 11, l \ ~ I ti~ l