The Sun. — London, England, 1861-05-22 00:00:00

RESTAURANT, 9 and 10, Haymarket.—The CAFE DINNER is now served from FOUR instead7ot five o'clock as heretofore. The Severn Salmon Season has commenced. WILLIAM JOHN WILDE, Proprietor. THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL FETES -A - at the NEW GARDEN, SOUTH KENSINGTON, W. The GRAND FLOWER and FRUIT SHOW, on JUNE 5. Admission JUNE 6 The GRAND ROSE SHOW, JULY 10 ss. Od. The GRAND DAHLIA SHOW, SEPTEMBER 11 2s. 6d. The GRAND FRUIT and CHRYSANTHEMUM SHOW, NOVEMBER 6 2s. Cd. NOVEMBER 7 'ls. Od. Fellows, Ivory Tickets, and persons registered under the Debenture Agreement, Free. Doors open each day at 1 o'clock. Tickets may be had at the Gardens, South Kensington ; Messrs. Addison and Co.'s, 210, R egent - street ; Messrs. Leader and Cocks, 63, New Bond-street ; Mr. M itchell's Royal Library, 33, old Bond-street; Mr. R. IV. Olivier, 19, Old Bond-street: Mr. Sams's, 1, St. James's-street ; Mr. Wester ton's Library, Knightsbridge ; Keith, Prowse, and Co.'s, 48, Cheapside ; and Vacher and Sons, Parliament-street. Tickets sold on Days of Shows will be charged 2s. 6d. extra. All the Shows will be held under Roofed Buildings. After the opening, on June 5, Bands will play on Wednes days and Saturdays, in June and July. t As the Works in the Garden are still in progress, the Coun cil have decided that the right of entry to these Promenades must, for the present Season, be limited to Fellows, who (except on Fete Days) may personally introduce two Friends, the holders of Ivory Tickets, who may introduce two Friends, and to those persons whose names are registered under the Debenture Agreement ; and on Saturdays after 1 o'clock, by Tickets, price 2s. 6d. %* Ballots for Election of Fellows will take place on the 24th and 31st of May. By Order of Council, AND. MURRAY. MR. W. S. WOODIN'S NEW ENTERTAIN MENT, the CABINET of CURIOSITIES, POLY GRAPHIC HALL, King - Wiliam-street, Charing-cross, TO-NIGHT, and EVERY EVENING (except Saturday), at Eight. Private boxes, 11 ls. ; Stalls and box stalls, 3s. ; area, 2s. ; amphitheatre, Is. —A plan of the stalls may be seen, and seats secured (without extra charge), at the Box office, from 10 till 4 Morning Performance, Saturday, May 11. A ROYLL ROOMS. - GRAND MUSICAL ENTERTAINMENT, with the Celebrated BAND, Forty in number (established eleven years), chosen from the Philharmonic Concerts, Royal Italian Operas, and the Household Troops. Conducted by Mons. Lamotte. Cornet-a-piston, M. Boulcourt.—Dancing at Nine o'clock.-Is. admission. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, High Holborn.—This popular and magnificently ap pointed Ball Room, decidedly the most fashionable and best conducted entertainment in the world. The very excellent band, under the able direction of Mr. Packer, is constantly introducing the choicest and latest music of the day. The wines supplied are of the very choicest quality. The refresh ment rooms are elegant in the extreme, and replete with every comfort. Admission throughout, ls. • EVANS'S MUSIC and SUPPER ROOMS.— Gentlemen meet as usual every evening. Maclaley as ever—Sydney's admirable New Song—The Lee Family's elegant Performances, superior to anything yet seen. Four part Songs, Glees, Madrigals, and Classic Vocal Music form the main element of the entertainment "Play-goers sup at Evans's to glees extremely well sung."—Athenteum. CONTRACTS FOR RAISINS. PEPPER, MUSTARD SEED, TOBACCO, AND VINEGAR. Department of the Comptroller for Victualling, Somerset-house, 16th May, 1861. THE COMMISSIONERS f or EXE CUTING the Jt_ of LORD HIGH ADML of the UNIED KINGDOM OFFICE of GREAT BRITAIN an IR d A IRELAND, T DO BEREBY GIVE NOTICE, That on TUESDAY, the 28th inst., at half-past One o'clock, they will be ready to treat with such Persons as may be willing to CONI RACT for sup plying and delivering into her Majesty's Victualling Stores at Deptford, the undermentioned Articles, viz.: - RAISINS 25 Tons. PEPPER (white).... 30 Qrs. MUSTARD SEED (8r0wn).... j 30 „ TOBACCO 50 Tons. When to be delivered.—Half of each in Three Weeks, and the remainder in Three Weeks afterwards, or earlier if pre ferred by the party tendering. VINEGAR 15,000 Gals. Half in One Month, and the remainder in One Month afterwards, or earlier if preferred by the party tendering. Tenders may be made for the whole or any portion of the articles. Their Lordships reserve to themselves the power, when the Tenders are opened, of contracting either for the whole, or for such part thereof only as they may deem fit, or for a greater quantity, or of not contracting for any, and also an unlimited power of selection. The Raisins, Pepper, and Tobacco to be exempted from the Customs' duties, and parties tendering are to state where they are respectively lying. Samples of the Mustard Seed (not less than Two Quarts of each, of the Pepper, not less than Two Pounds, and of the Raisins, not less than Three Pounds), must be produced by the parties tendering. Each Tender for Tobacco must specify the several Trade marks and numbers, and the countries or places of its growth or produce, and a fresh drawn Dock sample of each cask or package must be produced by the parties tendering, and any cask or package that is found not be of the same mark, num ber, or quality as the sample tendered and accepted, will be rejected by the officers Samples of the Vinegar (not less than a Quart) which the parties tendering may purpose to supply must accompany their Tenders, as the delivery will be required to be made in accordance with the samples which may be accepted, and the Vinegar tendered to be No. 20, Trade denomination. The Vinegar to be delivered in good, sound, strong, and substantial casks, which are to be retained as long as re quired by the said Commissioners or their officers without payment therefor, bnt are to be taken back from the sa , d Victualling Stores (when emptied), by and at the expense of the contractor. he samples produced by persons whose tenders are not accepted, are requested to be taken away by them immedi ately after the contracts have been decided. No Tender will be received unless made on the printed form provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained on application at the said office, or to the officer conducting the Packet Service at Liverpool, or to the collector of Customs at Bristol. Particular attention is called to the recent modification of the conditions of the contracts, which may be seen at the said office, and at Liverpool and Bristol. No tender will be received after half-past One o'clock on the day of treaty ; and it will not be required that the party tendering, or an agent on his behalf, should attend at the office on the day of contract, as the result of the offer reeky ed from each person will be communicated to him and his pro posed sureties in writing. Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words " Tenler for ," and must also be delivered at Somerset- house. Nlti'S PATENT HORSE and CATTLE ETE -i--L - FEED, Invented, 1854 ; Patented, 1855 ; has now been before the public for more than six years, and, owing t o it s success, there is now a host of imitations in the market, all of wh i ch are se many compliments to this, the Ori g i na l an d the only Patented Cattle Feed preparation. DAILY HORSE and CATTLE FEED, for seasoning* the other food, and causing good digestion, 425. per cwt. MEDICATED, for restoring and conditioning horses and tattle, in boxes, 56 feeds, 125., sent carriage paid. 'Kead Office, London-bridge, London; Manufactory, Hull GIVEN AWAY TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS. IIf . NRY SMITH. M.D., of the University of je, na, has just published, for the benefit of Nervous FREE EDITION of his valuable work, THE Sufferers, a OICE TO YOUNG MEN (120 pages). A 'WARNING v the cure of Nervous Debility, Loss of medical work on Memory, Dimness of Sight, Lassitude, Indigestion, Dislike Society, Spermatorrh Local Weakness, Muscular Re f.) ,", Depression, &c., which, if laxation, Languor, Listles..7 le ° s, neglected, result in consumpin, insanity, and premature death ; with plain directions for peieot restoration to health and vigour. The book will be sent, post free, secure from ob nervation, to any address, on receipt of a directed envelope and two stamps. Address, HENRY SMITH, M.D., 8, Burton crescent, Tavistock-square, London, W.C. DR. BRIGHT'S APHRODISION, The Phosphorised Nervine Tonic. The Newly-Discovered and approved of CHEMICAL COMBINATION of PHOSPHATIC SALTS, Quinine, Iron, &c., innocent in its action and agreeable to the palate, for the immediate and permanent cure of Spermatorrhcea, Gleet, Stricture, and Renal Pains, Diseases of the Kidneys and Bladder, Retention and Non-retention, and consequent de posits, Generative Incapacity for Wedlock, Partial and Total Prostration, Premature Decline of Manly Power, with many other distressing symptoms, caused in early life and maturity by incontinence, and youthful disregard to future happiness. London Agents :—Newbery, 45, St. Paul's Church-yard ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford-street; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Butldt, 4, Cheapside ; Hooper, 43, King William-street, Lon don-bridge ; How den, 78, Gracechurch-street ; Prout, 229 , Strand, and of all Chemists throughout the world. Prices : 10s. 6d. per bottle, or five 10s. 6d. bottles in one, £2 2s. ; and in cases containing three £2 2s. bottles £5. D. BUCHAN'S DOMESTIC MEDICINES, known throughout the world, for the cure of every disease. VEGETABLE SKIN OINTMENT, for all skin eruptions, deep-seated ulcers, sores, boils, &c. Is. lid. and 2s. 9d. PATENT SUGAR-COATED VEGETABLE PILLS, for regulating the bowels, and purifying the blood. is. lid., 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and lie. CONCENTRATED VEGETABLE ESSENCE, for re invigorating the nervous and muscular system, from all causes in early youth, causing chronic and spasmodic stric ture, renal pains, weakness of the bladder, retention and non retention, diseases of the kidneys, nervous debility, and all female complaints, enriching and increasing every vital fluid. 4s. 6d., lls., or four quantifies in one, Ms. Physician's ad vice free on application, and "Buchan's Guide for Patients,” one stamp. Sold by Buchan and Co., 22, Newman-street, Oxford-street. London, W., and medicines forwarded on re ceipt of post-office order. To be had of all chemists. Wholesale Agents : —Barclay, 75, Farringdon-st. ; Newbery 45, St. Paul's Churchyard ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford-st. ; Han nay, 63, Oxford-st. ; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; Hooper, 43, King William-st., London-bridge ; howden, 78, Gracechurch-st. ; Prout, 229, Strand, London. "The temporary relief obtained by means of purgative medicines is purchased at the high price of the aggravation nd A the perpetuating the disease."—HENßY, M.D. NO MORE PILLS OR ANY OTHER PHYSIC FOR CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION (DYSPEPSIA), PALPI TATION, NERVOUS, BILIOUS, AND LIVER COMPLAINTS, DEBILITY, DROPSY, EPILEPSY, PARALYSIS, COUGH, ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION, BRONCHITIS, SORE THROAT, FEVERS DU BARRY'S delicious HEALTH RESTOR ING REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which, at a ew pence per day, saves fifty times its cost in Medicine, and sires without purging or any of the uncertainties, annoy • nees, and ruinous expenses incurred by medicine, cod liver oil, or visits to distant climates. Certificatee No. 36,418.—We find it the safest remedy, An d_r w Ure, M.D., F.R.S. ; Dr. Ilarvey ; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Shor ,and ; Dr. Campbell. We extract a few out of 56,000 curse : Cure N _ o. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies of many years' n Y s PePsla- Cure N i o. 49,832. Of fifty yea :I indiscribable agony from dyspe Lion, flatulency, a, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipa of Lynn, Norfolk. spasms,r sickness, and vomiting, Maria Joly, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, 47.121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, and nervous fancies. 'C a n r d e i g N esti on , gatherings, low spirits, Campbell, Syderstone _o. 54,816. The Rev. James T. Rectory,complaints. near Fakenham, Norfolk. of ~ d Cure No. I ndigestinn and aver years, diarrhoea. Cure co. 180. Mr. Laxton , Leicester, of two 56,814. Mr. Samnel W. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street Betio London, and debility.n'2s Mss, Mnstipation, indi I, years' nervous- Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, Cure No. 4,028: rreen v 1, ttidlinp-,ton R e c.. spasms, and nausea, Rev. John W. pu_e.debility, with cramps, tory, Norfolk. Cure No. 3,905. Tjhaimes PoYretaerr'Aethu'orr cough, Athol-street, gestion, and general debility, Oateacre, Perth. Cure No. 58,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, near Liverpool, of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Robert s, s timber merchant, of Frimley , Surrey , of 3 0 years' diseased - lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, Partial deafness. Similar testimonials from 56,000 patients wile can be re s. ttrved to. The Food is sold in canisters, lib. 2s. 9d., 21b, 48. 64., itz b . 225., 241 b. 40s. ; super-refined quality, 51b. 225„ 101 b. 335. The 101 b., 121 b., and 241 b. canisters carriage free on receipt of Post-office order by Barry Du Barry and Co. , 77, Regent *tree*. London ; Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadill y, London ; Abbis, 60, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cheapside ; 63 and 150, Oxford-street ; 330 and 452, Strand ; 49 and 60, B ishopsgate-street ; Batt _pavement ; Phillips y, M. Fin sburr and Co.. tea dealers ; Petty, Wcigl, and CO., lung W llll 4l l l-. treet•Sity, and1i7,13,10 iLulburot Ind ali MOM, DR. CURTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD • A. AT ED ICAL ESSAY ON SPERMATORJ A A. NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE D EBILITY, • Just Published, the 150 th thousand, with numerous plates, in a sealed envelope, price is., Sold by all Booksellers, and sent post paid, by the Anther, for 12 stamps, A is r TD EE 4 , the cL CAUSE INUS i E f. A a N n d with CURE a of Plain Dir P eo ß ti one for Perfect Restoration to Health and y+ CONTENTS: By Dr. CURTIS, 15, Albemarle-street, Piccay, London. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological Structure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs. CHAPTER IL—Causes of Sperpaatorrhcea and Impotence; Early Vicious Indulgences: Dangers of Neglect. CHAPTER lII.—A Review of the various Disqualifications of ?carriage; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the Folifea of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or Infection. CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of G onor rhoea acid Syphilis. The Book cone:44es with numerous varied and interesting ases, to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive Lotion. REVIEWS OF THE WORK. "Curtis on Manhood.—This is a truly valuable work, and should be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times," 23d March, 1856. "The author has conferr ed a g reat boon b y publishing this little wcrk, in which is described the source of those diseases which produce decline in youth or m ore fre q uentl y pre mature old age,"—" Daily T ele gT aph , " March 27,1856. " This work, which for twenty years has stood the test of Professional criticism and empirical hostility, treats in aplain a nd sympathising manner on the various disqualifications and impediments arising from nervous excitement and de bility ; and to invalids suffering from youthful error.; and excesses. it will be found valuable and usef ul."—Recor d. 401adon Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater noster-row ; Mann. 39, Cornhill. ""'"- collaiatati933 - 10 to 3 mid Bto 8 i_billlPyBo 10.tili N°. 21,493. PUBLICATIONS. NEW WORK BY SCRUTATOR. Now ready, in 1 vol., with Illustrations, R ECOLLECTIONS OF A FOX HUNTER. By SCRUTATOR. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough -street. Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., ICE - BOUND. By WALTER THORNBURY. Author of "British Artists from Hogarth to Turner," &c. 12" In 'lce-Bound' Mr. Thornbury has put forth all his power s, and has produced one of the best books of fiction he had ever written."—Messenger. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THE FIFTH and CONCLUDING VOLUME of LORD MACAULAY'S HISTORY of ENGLAND is now ready, price 125., and may be had of all Booksellers and at all Circulating Libraries. London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts. THE PRESENT DISTRESS IN TRADE fully explained in J. GROSSMITH'S " GOVERNMENT UPON FIRST - PRINCIPLES." The cause is there predicated of the monetary difficulties ex perienced in ISM The Crisis is at hand. Anxiety in bus peas has now become the grim torture. Purity of motive, intelligently exercised, must animate all Governments, or all is lost, All denominations of Constitutions are carefully examined in J. Grossmith's "Government upon First Prin ciples." Kent and Co., late Piper and Co., Paternoster-row. The Fourth Edition, Just Published, Bvo, in cloth, price ss. by post free, ss. 6d. _ ON TRUE and FALSE SPERMATORRIREA; with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors in relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from De bility of the Generative system, or Sexual Hypochrondriasis. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practical contributions to German medical literature. This is the first time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the non-medical reader. We trust that this may not be the last, if he shall detect any other equally flagrant evil which it may be in his power to correct."—London Medical Gazette. " The editor has conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying bare the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who profess to cure a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object than to fill their own purses. The difference between true Spermatorrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are accurately de scribed, and thus a safe guide is offered for the treatment of the malady."—Medical Cireular. " We have dilated so long upon the contents of the preli minary chapter, that we have scarcely, left ourselves space for any notice of the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pickford ; but the moderate price at which the 'brochure' is sold, places it within the reach of every one interested in the matter."— Dublin Medical Press. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. R. BRIGHT'S MANUAL, with Descriptive Cases, illustrated with Drawings from Life, Member of the College of Physicians. On Spermatorrhcea, Loss of Manly Power, and consequent impediments to married life : eontaining full particulars for self cure. J. Allen, 20, War wick-lane, Paternoster-row. Price is. ; by post, 14 stamps ; sealed, 22 stamps. IMPORTANT TO OWNERS OF HORSES.- After long experience, deep researches into chymistry, by the aid of costly machinery, I have discovered the means whereby oats, beans, and oilcake may be entirely dispensed with in the feeding of horses and cattle. I have now invented a compound meal, composed of locust beans, Indian corn, linseed, &c., at £l6 per ton, which is equal in value to £24 worth of oats, beans, or any other feeding material in the market. Two quarts of this compound meal, weighing 31bs., at the cost of 5d., mixed with a peck of chopped hay, is a feed for a draught horse, and superior in every respect to three quarterns of oats, costing 70. 14 barrels weigh net 1 ton 1 cwt., at 16s. per cwt., £l6 16s. net cash, free, delivered by my own waggons to any station in London. Nothing less than 21 cwt. sold at the manufactory, and orders must be accom panied with cheques crossed, made payable to the inventor, JOSEPH THORLEY. Steam Mills, Caledonian-road, King's-cross, April 8, 1861. Single barrels, weighing 11 cwt., may be had for 305., at 77, Newgate-street, City, or of any of my accredited Agents in the country. THORLEY'S C ONDIMEN TAL FOOD (mixed with crushed Oats, Ice.) for My Horses.—Read Admiral Rous on the English Racehorse. 40s. per barrel, containing 448 feeds. THORLEY'S CONDIMENT for My Cows. Increasing, the quantity and enriching the quality of Milk. 40s. per barrel. THORLEY'S COMPOUND for My Sheep. Sold in barrels, containing 443 feeds, with measure enclosed, and carriage paid to any railway station in the ingdom. THORLEY for My pigs. 40s. per barrel. THORLEY'S GLEANER is Published every Monday in time for post, and contains forty Columns of valuable information, including Mark-lane Report, Agri cultural and Sporting intelligence up to time of going to press. Price One Penny. Order of any Newsvendor.-77, Newgate-street, City. DR. BRIGHT'S THREE DAYS' CURE. The MEDICATED SUGARED GLOBULES, con taining the Quintessence of Copaiba, Cubebs, Buchu, and other invaluable ingredients, permanently eradicating the most inveterate cases of Gonorrhoea, obstinate Gleet, Stric ture, Urethral Discharges from whatever cause, Irritation of the Passages of the Bladder, Kidneys, Gravel, Sedimentary' Deposits, Lucorhcea, Are. These Globules lubricate instan taneously the irritated mucous membrane of the urino-genital system, subduing every inflammatory action, and checking all morbid secretions. Possessing the further advantage of being carried an i taken free from observation, detection, taste, or smell. Price 11s., by post 12s. 6d. LONDON AGENTS :—Newbery, 45, St. Paul's Church-yard ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford-street; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; Hooper, 43, King William-street, Lon don-bridge; Bowden, 78, Gracechurch-street Prout, 229, Strand, and of all chemists throughout the world. Post free for four stamps, pLECTRICITY AND ITS WONDERS as a health-giving A gent, and Curative in all diseases of the Sexual and Generative organs, with simple instructions for Self-treatment and Cure. Electricity, with other adjuncts, will also be found a most powerful and efficacious remedy for the cure of poverty of the blood and its sympathetic disorders of the liver, stomach, Art. ; also in diseases of the skin, para lysis, debility, lassitude, despondency, failure of memory, timidity, self-distrust, unfitness for study or business, and other disorders of the nervous system. Issued gratis and prepaid on receipt of four stamps by Dr. WATSON, U.S., , No. 27, Alfred-place, Bedford-square, London, who continues to advise with patients daily, and apply his new mode of treatment. Persons residing in the country may have Dr. Watson's candid opinion of their case gratis on sending a statement of their age, sex, symptoms, kc. &c. All letters to be addressed Dr. Watson, U.S., F.R.A.S., No. 27, Alfred-place, Bedford square, London. Also, sent with above, Hints on the Use of the ELECTRO MEDICATE D BATH, for the extraction of Mercury and other mineral poisons from the system, adopted according to the French mode. Z, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON. D R. CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo hecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as ibove, on all eases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements If both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive :indul enoes Has Just published, price Is. ; by post, IS ItlimPC 18 sealed, No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled OURSELVES. Srlipsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation —T e Origin of ' Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure. Xis°, an Exposition of. and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange ments and Marital Disqualifications, MALE. The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennorrhagia Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhcea, Impotency, and all Diseases of the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &MI FEMALE. The Physiology and Anatomy of Women--Functional Ir •egularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage— fheir Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and il-emoval of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta .ion—use 01 the 13pfteulum. Also, No. 1. HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY; On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion, No. 2. LOVE AND MARRIAGE : Their Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments; Love .nd other Matches. Sterility' Removed, and Healthy Ofr pring secured. No. THE CASE BOOB: 100 Cases of SPERMATORRIREA, Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, &a Arc. &o. To be had of Mann , 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors. A d v i ce to the Working Classes fee Half-a-Guinea: (SPECIAL NOTICE.) Dr. Culverwell is the only legally qualified medical practi tionerthat name, and ca n b e consulted (only as above). living of ~/--) . _ /1 / .....--C . K_.--e._ 4 /- l'. C: 4— {- - C---- ie-Z,„ - _2(__ --, • . 1 1;i1:! \ . , 't ...,, j .... A t,- :....., .... 4 ,, • - p, ramer : ... \ <: „. L .." 3 .A. ~:,...:' 2. ,•• , .- . 4itb , „,..„ , . T .....,.. ~.s, A... , ~,,,,,.,4 , ,,, ~...•,,4 „ ....,........„.„.„A , ~ ~ e P, , I, ,P d .1- ' - . 0 7 ... 1 . , .. ~N. ....,,,, . -•,., , I,i cia -,.. • . .. , .`.,,. , - - ..---- 12;‘, • 40- 7 ik• ,_,.. ~t ~.„., , ,„,, _ „,,,,.. , ~..,, -5 ,.- - _,_-_---*-- ,, _ r 3. ,, Alt\ - ~....„, 0 tfi,l 4 - ,V .. ,,A,:-- 1 ii , W ri., 1 _7l. ...',.; , -'...- ' .•. • .:, ', 1 i . ,A•k ... ~,,,,, '•-. ' 4 • ' l . * ..--,-.. ". 0 11 WS,.. 'i 4. 11 4P%M11 0. p ~3,6 , 1 41) 1 z,,, qii , .. . ~ 4 , ,11 0. " c '-' 1 ' 911 : 1 ,- ;to-43,,. tyli ,, , *.. tt,,t..,; , R -: -r ve s - ..,,,,,—..— ---.. ~..,.. tes,.. , , ~• • -.‘ °TT• ik - , - - ! „... 7. • • . - • . . ~ ..........,, n ...,___ .., . ..... /fin, „ ) 1 / 4 .....cz - ,:- - - - 1 ;:,, , ,e. • ~.. . (-. ..---- P• ..rt-;'- 1... , •:- 1 / 4 ;,: ''"”; i --, 4‘---- • To the Department of Justice you have eon seedy s;__,l---,,-;. trot on.ll-60 -organisation and supervision o !,------.41-sQ. Matters connected with the courts of justice, butx a also those connected with the patents and with the netircailifr)ublic printing. Since your adjournment all the courts, with the exception of those of Mississippi and Texas, have been organised by the appointment of marshals and district attorneys, and are now prepared for the exercise of their functions. In the two States just named, the gentlemen con firmed as judges declined to accept the appoint ,' ment, and no nominations have yet been made to fill the vacancies. I refer you to the report of the Attorney-General, and concur in his recommenda tion for immediate legislation, especially on the subject of patent rights. Early provision should be made to secure to the subjects of foreign nations the full enjoyment of their property in valuable inven tions, and to extend to our own citizens protection, not only for their own inventions, but for such as may have been assigned to them, or may hereafter be assigned by persons not alien enemies. The Patent-office business is much more exten sive and important than had been anticipated. The applications for patents, although confined under the law exclusively to citizens of our Confederaev, average 70 per month, showing the necessity for p t he prompt a lin yhiengsedoo Secretary :utamr documents, n organisationtos of ,War, o conveys f a bureau in hisfu full l report o f information and patents. ac e om con cerning th e f orce, sional, raised and calrleegdul f a o r r , u v o n l d u e n r t e t e h r e , an d severalp r s o c v t i s of Congress, their organisation and distribution ; also an account of the expenditures already made, and further estimates for the fiscal year ending Feb. 18, 1862, rendered necessary by recent events. I refer to his report also for a full history of the occurrences in Charleston Harbour prior to and including the bombardment and reduction of Fort Sumter, and of the measures subsequently taken for the common defence, on receiving intelligence of the declaration of war against us made by th e President of the United States. There are now i n the field at Charleston, Pensacola, Forts Morga n , Jackson, St. Philip, and Pulaski 19,000 men, and 16,000 are now en route for Virginia. It is proposed to organise and hold in readiness for action, in view of the present exigencies of the country, an army of 100,000 men. If further force should be needed the wisdom and patriotism of Congress will be con fidently appealed to for authority to call into the field additional numbers of our noble spirited volun teers, who are constantly tendering service far in excess of our wants. The operations of the Navy Department have been necessarily restricted by the fact that sufficient time has not yet elapsed for the purchase or con struction of more than a limited number of vessels adapted to the public service. Two vessels pur chased have been named the Sumter and Macrae, and are now being prepared for sea at New Orleans with all possible despatch. Contracts have also been made at that city with two different establish ments for the casting of ordnance, cannon, shot, and shell, with the view to encourage the manu facture of these articles, so indispensable for our defence, at as many points within our territory as possible. I call your attention to the recommendation of the Secretary for the establishment of a magazine and laboratory for preparation of ordnance stores, and the necessary appropriation for that purpose. Hitherto such stores have usually been prepared at the navy yards, and no appropriation was made at your last Session for this object, The Secretary also calls attention to the fact that no provision has been made for the payment of invalid pensions to our own citizens. Many of these per sons are advanced in life, they have no means of support, and by the secession of these States have been deprived of their claim against the Govern ment of the United States. I recommend the ap propriation of the sum necessary to pay these pen sioners, as well as those of the army, whose claims can scarcely exceed 70,000 dole. per annum. The Postmaster-General has already succeeded in organising his department to such an extent as to be in readiness to assume the direction of our postal affairs on the occurrence of the contingency con templated by the Act of March 15, 1861, or even sooner if desired by Congress. The various books and circulars have been prepared and measures taken to secure supplies of blanks, postage s t amps , stamped envelopes, mail-bags, locks, keys, &c. He presents a detailed classification and arrangement of his clerical force, and asks for its increase. An auditor of the Treasury for this department is neces sary, and a plan is submitted for the organisation of his bureau. The great number and magnitude of the accounts of this department require an in crease of the clerical force in the accounting branch in the Treasury. The revenues of this department are collected and disbursed in modes peculiar to itself, and require a special bureau to secure a pro per accountability in the administration of its finances. I call your attention to the additional legislation required for this department, to the recommenda tion for changes in the law fixing the rates of post age on newspa e ers, periodicals, and s ea l e d p ac k ages of certain kind s , and specially to the recommenda tion of the Secretary, in which I concur, that you provide at once for the assumption by him of the control of our entire postal service. In the military organization of the States provi sion is made for brigadier and major-generals, but in the army of the Confederate States the highest grade is that of brigadier-general. Hence it will no doubt sometimes occur that where troops of the Confederacy do duty with the militia, the general selected for the command and possessed of the views and purposes of this Government will be superseded by an officer of the militia not having the same ad vantages. To avoid this contingency in the least objectionable manner, I recommend that additional rank be given to the General of the Confederate army, and concurring in the ssolicy of having but one grade of generals in Una army of the Confe deracy I recommend that the, law of its organization be amended, so that the greide be that of general. To secure a thorough military education it is deemed essential that offices should enter upon the study of their profession at an early period of life and have elementary instructions in a military school. Until such school shall be established it is recommended that cadets be appointed and attached to companies until they shall have attained the age and have acquired the knowledge to fit them for the duties of lieutenants. I also call your attention to an omission in the law organizing the army, in relation to military chaplains, and recommen d th a t p rov i s i o n b e made for their appointment. here has been ex lourstiioona, o l f c o o n n r g e r a o t n u a l t a r t y e y t o u on the fact that cause. Transportation companies have freely i h n ib le i nv te ec d royn the most patriotic devotion to ou r common ep ten dered the use of their lines for troops and supplies. The presidents of the railroads of the Confederacy, in company with others who control lines of com munication with States that we hope soon to greet as sisters, assembled in convention in this city, and not only reduced largely the rates heretofore de manded for mail service and conveyance of troops and munitions, but voluntarily proffered to receive their compensations at these reduced rates in the bonds of the Confederacy, for the purpose of leaving all the resources of the Government at its disposal for common defence. Requisitions for troops have been met with such alacrity that the numbers ten dering their services have in every instance greatly exceeded the demand. Men of the highest official and social position are serving as volunteers in the ranks. The gravity of age and the zeal of youth rival each other in the desire to be foremost in the public defence, and, though at no other point than the one heretofore noticed have they been stimu lated by the excitement incidental to actu.aldeinvgaegain ment and the hop e o f di s ti nc ti on f or mid troops achievement, they have borne what for new constant is the severest ordeal—patient toil a vigil, and all the exposure and disc service—with a resolution and fortitude hh highest expec command approbation and justify . t e valour shall be tation of their conduct when active resolved cannot shrink A people thus united and ey may required in place of steady endurance. be called on to of active a ae ctiv to e from any sacrifice which a h final success, test of their determination and make, nor can there r e a ar d na s b e le ve d r o e u m bt ay o f be th t e h i r e b b e long aml iittyu, nadsiamitnruisshteva htoicthheiirt however to maintain their birth. infePrtsu ele weeks be other sta 1 d t . s right of freedom t ous Providence cheers us with the pro- P° A stebruitairu.t u e n d an t crops. The fields of grain which amplestks be Srueapapylyoffo f r 0 0 the afo sick r m aman, e , has b We feel that our c a ueseeli s p e pro ucsion o wr ni of our i givei 0 1 st l whil enehr assuranceweo i the s ifrt o ah i fib l i n a t r ff a ndoflroecdwfoytthtwtabundant proof that up to this period the season propitious. j u st and holy pro test solemnly inthe face of mankind that we desire ; we peace at any sacrifice save that of honour and inde pendence; we seek no conquest, no aggrandisement, no concession of any kind on the States with which we were lately confederated; all we ask is to be let alone ; that those who never held power over us should not now attempt our subjugation by arms. This we will, this we must resist to the direst ex tremity. The moment this pretension is abandoned the sword will drop from our grasp, and we shall ho ready to enter into treaties of amity and com merce that cannot but be mutually beneficial. So long as this pretension is maintained, with a firm reliance on that Divine power which covers with its protection the just cause, 'we will continue to strug gle for our inherent right to freedom, independanoe, and self-government. C~✓ <<' i' /~.C_ ~ ~~ PRICE 40 . STAMPED, SD. with all his command, and was escorted to the ves sel in which he embarked with the highest marks of respect from those against whom his guns had been so recently directed. Not only does every event connected with the siege reflect the highest honour on South Carolina, but the forbearance of her peo ple and of this Government from making any harsh use of a victory obtained under circumstances of such peculiar provocation attests to the fullest ex tent the absence of any purpose beyond securing their own tranquillity, and the sincere desire to avoid the calamities of war. Scarcely had the President of the Unites Stat es received intelligence of the failure of the scheme which he had devised for the reinforcement of Fort Sumter when he issued the declaration of war against this Confederacy which has prompted me to convoke you. In this extraordinary production that high functionary affects total ignorance of the exist ence of an independent Government, which possess ing the entire and enthusiastic devotion of its people is exercising its functions without question over seven sovereign States, over more than 5,000,000 of people, and over a territory whose area exceeds half-a-million of square miles. He terms sovereign States "combinations too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings, or by the powers vested in the marshals by law." He calls for an army of 75,000 men to act as a posse comitatus in aid of the process of the courts of jus tice in States where no courts exist whose man dates and decrees are not cheerfully obeyed and I respected by a willing people. He avows that" the first service to be assigned to the forces called out" will be, not to execute the process of courts, but to capture forts and strongholds situated within the admitted limits of this Confederacy, and garri soned by its troops; and declares that " this effort" is intended " to maintain the perpetuity of popular government." He concludes by command ing " the persons composing the combinations afore said—to wit, the 5,000,000 inhabitants of these States—" to retire peaceably to their respective abodes within 20 days." Apparently contradictory as are the terms of this singular document, one point was unmistakably evident. The President of the United States called for an army of 75,000 men, whose first service was to be to capture our forts. It was a plain declara tion of war, which I was not at liberty to disregard because of my knowledge that under the Constitu tion of the United States the President was usurp ing a power granted exclusively to the Congress. He is the sole organ of communication between that country and foreign Powers. The law of nations did not permit me to question the authority of the Exe cutive of a foreign nation to declare war against this Confederacy. Although I might have refrained from taking active measures for our defence if the States of the Union had all imitated the action of Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri, by denouncing the call for troops as a constitutional usurpation of power to which they refused to respond, I was not at liberty to dis regard the fact that many of the States seemed quite content to submit to the exercise of the power assumed by the President of the United States, and were actively engaged in levying troops to be used for the purpose indicated in the proclamation. Deprived of the aid of Congress at the moment, I was under the necessity of confining my action to a call on the States for volunteers for the common defence, in accordance with the authority you had confided to me before your adjournment. I deemed it proper further to issue proclamation inviting application from persons disposed to aid our defence in private armed vessels on the high seas, to the end that preparations might be made for the immediate issue of letters of marque and reprisal, which you alone under the Constitution have power to grant. I entertain no doubt you will concur with me in the opinion that, in the absence of a fleet of public vessels, it will be eminently expedient to supply their place by private armed vessels, so happily styled by the publicists of the United States " the militia of the sea," and so often and justly relied on by them as an efficient and admirable instrument of defensive warfare. I earnestly recommend the immediate passage of a law authorising me to accept the numerous pro posals already received. I cannot close this review of the acts of the Go vernment of the United States without referring to a proclamation issued by their President, under date of 19th inst., in which, after declarinr , that an imurrection has brok en ou t i n this Confederacy against the Government of the United States, he announces a blockade of all the ports of these States, and threatens to punish as pirates all per sons who shall molest any vessel of the United States under letters of marque by this Government. Notwithstanding the authenticity of this procla mation, you will concur with me that it is hard to believe it could have emanated from a President of the United States. Its announcement of a mere paper blockade is so manifestly a violation of the law of nations that it would seem incredible that it could have been issued by authority. But con ceding this to be the case so far as the Executive is concerned, it will be difficult to satisfy the people of those States that their late confederates will sanction its declarations, will determine to ignore the usages of civilised nations, and will inaugurate a war of extermination on both sides by treating as pirates open enemies acting under the authority of commissions issued by an organised Government. If such proclamation was issued, it could only have been •published under the sudden influence of passion, and we may rest assured mankind will be spared the horrors of the conflict it seems to invite. For the details of the administration of the different departments, I refer to the reports of the Secretaries which accompany this Message. The State Department has furnished the neces sary instructions for three Commissioners who have been sent to England, France, Russia, and Bel gium, since your adjournment, to ask Tour recogni tion as a member of the family of nations, and to make with each of those Powers treaties of amity and commerce. Further steps will be taken to enter into like negotiations with the other European Powers in pursuance of your resolution passed at the last session. Sufficient time has not yet elapsed since the departure of these Commissioners for the receipt of any intelligence from them. As I deem it desirable that Commissioners, or diplomatic agents, should also be sent at an early period to the independent American Powers south of our Confederacy, with all of whom it is our interest and earnest wish to maintain the most cordial and friendly relations, I suggested the expediency of making the necessary appropriations for that pur pose. Having been officially notified by the public autho rities of the State of Virginia that she had with drawn from the Union, and desired to maintain the closest politicalrelations with us which it was pos sible at this time to establish, I commissioned Hon. A. H. Stephens, Vice-President of the Confederate States, to represent this Gcvernment at Richmond. I am happy to inform you that he has concluded a Convention with the State of Virginia, by which that honoured commonwealth, so long and so justly distinguished among her sister States, and so dear to the hearts of thousands of her children in the Confederate States, has united her power and her fortunes with ours and become one of us. This Convention, together with the ordinance of Vir ginia adopting the Provisional Constitution of the Confederacy, will be laid before you for your con stitutional action. I have satisfactory assurances from other of our late confederates, that they are on the point of adopting similar measures, and I can not doubt that ere you shall have:been many weeks in session, the whole of the slave-holding States of the late Union will respond to the call of honour and affection, and by uniting their fortunes with ours, promote our common interests and secure our common safety. In the Treasury Department regulations have been devised and put into execution for carrying out the policy indicated in your legislation on the subject of the navigation of the Mississippi river, as well as for the collection of revenue on the frontier. Free transit has been secured for vessels and mer chandise passing through the Confederate States, and delay and inconvenience have been avoided as for the as possible in or gan i s i ng th e revenue se rvice the various railways ente r ing our territory.. o fast as experience shall i n di ca t e th e possibilityof improvement in thes e regu l a ti o ns, no e spared to free commerce from all unnecessary em barrassments and obstructions. rop ftu oaals were Under your act authorisingfarooo,ooo dols., and 5 loan, P ised inviting subscriptionso the call was answered by i s. the pro mpt subscriptio n by our own citizens, —ffot w ill be of more than 8,000,0 00 dots. by The rapid purpose of the President of the our soil, capture our forts, made under par. rapid development not a single bid was and wage war against us, in duced United States ona dev i e t lopmentof the iv p t o o r t a s , me to direct entire subscription chillargor .amount to defray blockade our that w thenow become'lut necessary should be accepted- to raise mea ns the expenses . g our independence and iung invasion. I invite your special attention to the subject, and the financial condition of the Government, with the suggestion of ways and means for the supply of the Treasury, will be presented to you in a separate COMMlllliCiitiol3. JEFFERSON DAVIS. Icantgomery, April 29. THE UN, ;_,ONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 22 , 1861. S VENISON. -T. GROVE, FISHMONGER AND VENISON DEALER, 33, Charing Cross, has commenced killing BUCK VENISON for the Season. OLDRIDGE'S BALM OF COLUMBIA is the most certain remedy for restoring and strengthening the hair. By it whiskers and moustaches are produced and beautified. Ladies will find it especially valuable, as the most delicate head-dress or bonnet can be worn without fear of soiling. Sold in bottles, 3s. 6d., 65., and Ils. C. and A. OLDRIDGE, 22, Wellington-street, Strand. 7 HEATSTONE'S HARMONIUMS (English) in solid oak cases, manufactured by them expressly for Churches. Chapels, Schools, &c., have the lull compass of keys, are of the best quality of tone, best workmanship and material, and do not require tuning. Guineas. New Patent, five octaves, from CC. double pedals 6 With one stop, oak case (reduced price) . Piano Model, one stop polished(unique wind indicator) 10 With two stops, one set and a half of vibrators, polished 12 With three stops, effective forte stops d0.... 12 Witt, three stops, large size organ tones. d0.... 15 With five stops, two sets of vibrators d0.... 22 With eight stops, two sets of vibrators do. . 21 With ten stops, three sets of vibrators do. .. 30 The best and most effective instrument made. Prize Medalist, 1851. An extensive assortment of Freud Harmoniums, by Alexandre, with all' the latest improvements from 6 guineas ; also Messrs. W. and Co.'s new Piano-Har. moniums. Wheatstone and Co., 20, Conduit-street, Regent-street, W. No. 8, GROSVENOR-STREET, BOND-STREET. ARTIFICIAL TEETH on a NEW and IM PROVED PRINCIPLE. —Mr. ESKELL'S PATENTED I NVENTI ON (protected by her Majesty's Royal Seal, July, 1860), for adapting Artificial Teeth on Moveable Bases by S e lf-adhesion, are . fixed without springs or any fastenings, without pain or extraction, restore perfect articulation and mastication, rendering detection impossible, and last a life time. "An admirable contrivance for remedying the defects of nature, without requiring new sets of teeth."—Sun, July 20. " Will doubtless be extensively patronised."—Court Cir cular, July 21. "Unrivalled for its utility and economy."— Morning Post, July 20. Consultations free.—Terms strictly moderate. 8, Grosvenor-street, Bond-street ; Old Steyne, Brighton; Bennett's-hill, Birmingham. In addition to the long-3ontinued and deep-seated resentment felt by the Southern States at the per sistent abuse of the powers they had delegated to the Congress for the purpose of enriching the manufacturing and shipping classes of the North at the expense of the South, there has existed for nearly half a century another subject of discord, involving interests of such transcendent magnitude as at all times to create the apprehension in the minds of many devoted lovers of the Union that its permanence was impossible. When the several States delegated certain powers to the United States Congress a large portion of the labouring popula , ion consisted of African slaves im ported into colonies by the mother country. In 12 out of the 13 States negro slavery existed, and the right of property in slaves was protected by law. This property was recognised in the Constitution, and provision was made against its loss by the escape of the slave. The increase in the number of slaves by further importation from Africa was also secured by a clause forbidding Congress to prohibit the slave trade anterior to a certain date ; and in no clause can there be found any delegation of power to the Congress authorising it in any manner to legislate to the prejudice, detriment, or dis couragement of the owners of that species of pro perty, or excluding it from the protection of the I Government. The climate and soil of the Northern States soon proved unpropitious to the continuance of slave labour, while the converse was the case atthe South. Under the unrestricted free intercourse between the two sections, the Northern States consulted their own interest by selling their slaves to the South, and prohibiting slavery within their limits. The South were willing purchasers of a property suitable to their wants, and paid the price of the acquisition without harbouring a suspicion that their quiet possession was to be disturbed by those who were inhibited, not only by want of constitutional authority, but by good faith as lendors, from dis quieting a title 'emanating from themselves. As soon, however, as the Northern States, that prohibited African slavery within their limits, had reached a number sufficient to give their represen tation a controlling voice in the Congress, a per sistent and organised system of hostile measures against the rights of the owners of slaves in the Southern States was inaugurated and gradually ex tended. A continuous series of measures were devised and prosecuted for the purpose of rendering inse cure the tenure of property in slaves, fanatical orga nisations supplied with money by voluntary sub scriptions were assiduously engaged in exciting among the slaves a spirit of discontent and revolt, means were furnished for their escape from their owners, and agents secretly employed to entice them to abscond; the constitutional provision for their relation to their owners was first evaded, then openly announced as a conscientious violation of obli g ation and religious duty ; men w ere t aug h t that it was a merit to elude, disobey, and violently oppose the execution of the laws enacted to secure the performance of the promise in the constitutional compact; owners of slaves were mobbed and even murdered in open day, solely for applying to a magistrate for the arrest of a fugitive slave; the dogmas of these voluntary organisations soon ob tained control of the Legislatures of many of the Northern States, and laws were passed providing for the punishment by ruinous fines and long-con tinued imprisonment in gaols and penitentiaries of citizens of the Southern States who should dare to ask aid of the officers of the law for the recovery of their property. Emboldened by success, the theatre of agitation and aggression against the clearly ex pressed constitutional rights of the Southern States was transferred to the Congress ; senators and re presentatives were sent to the common councils of the nation, whose chief title to this distinction con sisted in the display of a spirit of ultra fanaticism, and whose business was not "to promote the gene ral welfare or insure domestic tranquillity," but to awaken the bitterest hatred against the citizens of sister States by violent denunciations of their insti tutions; the transaction of public affairs was im peded by repeated efforts to usurp powers not dele gated by the constitution, for the purpose of im pairing the security of property in slaves, and reducing those States which held slaves to a condition of inferiority. Finally, a great party was organised for the purpose of obtaining the administration of the Government with the avowed object of using its power for the total exclusion of the Slave States from all participa tion in the benefits of the public domain, acquired by all the States in common, whether by conquest or purchase; of surrounding them entirely by States in which slavery should be prohibited ; of thus ren dering the property in slaves so insecure as to be comparatively worthless, and thereby annihilating in effect property worth thousands of millions of dollars. This party thus organised succeeded, in the month of November last, in the election of its candidate for the Presidency of the United States. In the meantime, under the mild and genial cli mate of the Southern States, and the increasing care and attention for the wellbeing and comfort of the labouring class, dictated alike by interest and hu manity, the African slaves had augmented in num ber from about 600,000, at the date of the adoption of the constitutional compact, to upwards of four million. In moral and social condition they had been elevated from brutal savages into docile, intel ligent, and civilised agricultural labourers, and sup plied not only with bodily comforts, but with care ful religious instruction. Under the supervision of a superior race their labour had been so directed as not only to allow a gradual and marked ameliora tion of their own condition, but to convert hundreds of thousands of square miles of the wilderness into cultivated lands, covered with a prosperous people; towns and cities had sprung into existence, and had rapidly increased in wealth and population under the social system of the South ; the white popula tion of the Southern slaveholding States had aug mented from about 1,250,000, at the date of the adoption of the Constitution, to more than 8,500,000 in 1860, and the productions of the South in cotton, rice, sugar, and tobacco, for the full development and continuance of which the labour of African slaves was and is indispensable, had swollen to an amount which fo rme d nearly three-fourths of the exports of the whole United States, and become ab solutely nec essary to the wants of civilised man. overwhelmingdnttehreesptseeopflesuecfhtheseutherh States magnitude w erwere im W per it i h lle i driven by the conduct the North of to the adoption of some course of action to avert the danger with which they were openly menaced. With this view the Legislature of the several States invited the people to select delegates to conventions to be held for the purpose of determining for themselves what measures were best adapted to meet so alarming a crisis in their history. Here it may be proper to observe that from a period as early as 1798 there had existed in all the States of the Union a party almost uninterruptedly in the majority, based upon the creed that each State was, in the last resort, the sole judge as well of its wrongs as of the mode and measure of redress. In deed it is obvious that under the law of nations this principle is an axiom as applied to the relations of independent sovereign States such as those which had united themselves under the constitutional com pact. The Democratic party in the United States repeated in its successful canvass in 1856 the declara tion made in numerous previous political contests, that it would " faithfully abide by and uphold the principles laid down in the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions of 1798, and in the report of Mr. Madi son to the Virginia Legislature in 1799 ; and that it adopts those principles as constituting one of the main foundations of its political creed.' The principles thus emphatically announced em brace that to which I have already adverted, the right of each State to j udge of and redress the wrongs of which it complains. The principles were main tained-by overwhelming majorities of the people of all the States of the Union at different elections, especially in the election of Mr. Jefferson in 1805, Mr. Madison in 1809, and Mr. Pierce in 1852. In the exercise of a right so ancient, so well estab lished, and so necessary for self-preservation, the people of the Confederate States in their Conven tions determined that the wrongs which they had suffered and the evils with which they were menaced required that they should revoke the delegation of powers to the Federal Government which they had ratified in their several Conventions. They conse quently passed ordinances resuming g all their rights as sovereign and independent States, and dissolved their connexion with the other States of the Union. Having done this, they proceeded to form a new compact among themselves, by new articles of con federation, which have been also ratified by the Conventions of the several States, with an approach to" Unanimity far exceeding that of the Convention which adopted the Constitution of 1787. They have organised their new Government in all its de partments ; the functions of the executive, legisla tive, and judicial magistrates are performed in ac cordance with the will of the people, as displayed not merely in cheerful acquiescence, but in the en thusiastic support of the Government 'thus esta blished by themselves ; and, but for the interference of the Government of the United States in this legi exerein of the right of a people to solfiok vernment, peace, happiness, and prosperity would now smile on our land. That peace is ardently desired by this Govern ment and people has been manifested in every pos sible form. Scarce had you assembled in February last when, prior eve n t o t h e I nauguration of the Chief Magistrate you had el ec t e d , you passed a re solution expressive of your desire for the appoint. ment of commissioners to be sent to the Govern ment of the United States, " for the purpose of ne gotiating friendly relations between that Govern ment and the Confederate States of America, and for the settlement of all questions of disagreement between the two Governments upon principles of right, justice, equity, .and good faith." It was my pleasure, as well as my duty, to co operate with you in this work of peace. Indeed, in my address to you on taki ng th e oat h of off i ce, and before receiving from you the communication of this resolution, I had sa id , " as a necessity, not a choice, we have resorted to the remedy of separa tion, and henceforth our energies must be directed to the conduct of our own affairs and the perpetuity of the Confederacy whi c h we h ave formed. If a just perception of mutual interest shall permit us peaceably to pursue our separate political career, my most earnest desire will have been fulfilled." It was in furtherance of these accordant views of the Congress and the Executive that I made choice of three discreet, able, and distinguished citizens, who repaired to Washington. Aided by their cordial co-operation, and that of the Secretary of State, every effort compatible with self-respect and the dignity of the Confederacy was exhausted before I allowed myself to yield to the conviction that the Government of the United States was determined to attempt the conquest of this people, and that our cherished hopes of peace were unattainable. On the arrival of our Commissioners in Washing ton on the sth of March they postponed, at the sug gestion of a friendly intermediary, doing more than giving in formal notice of their arrival. This was done with a view to afford time to the President, who had just been inaugurated, for the discharge of other pressing official duties in the organisation of his Administration, before engaging his atten tion in the object of their mission. It was not until the 12th of the month that they officially addressed the Secretary of State, informing him of the pur pose of their arrival, and stating in the language of their instructions their wish to make to the Government of the United States overtures for the opening of negotiations, assuring the Government of the United States that the President, Congress, and people of the Confederate States earnestly desire a peaceful solution of these great questions ; that it is neither their interest nor their wish to make any demand which is not founded on strict justice, nor do any act to injure their late confederates. To this communication no formal reply was re ceived until April 8. During the interval the Com missioners had consented to waive all questions of form. With the firm resolve to avoid war if pos sible, they went so far even as to hold, during that long period, unofficial intercourse, through an in termediary, whose high position and character in spired the hope of success, and through whom con stant assurances were received from the Government of the United States of peaceful intentions of the de termination to evacuate Fort Sumter, and further that no measure changing the existing status pre judicially to the Confederate States, especially at 'Fort Pickens, was in contemplation, but that in the event of any change of intention on the subject notice would be given to the Commissioners. The crooked paths of diplomacy can scarcely furnish an example so wanting in courtesy, in candour and directness, as was the course of the United States Government towards our Commissioners in Washington. For proof of this I refer to the annexed documents marked --, taken in connexion with other facts which I now proceed to relate. Early in April the attention of the whole coun try, as well as that of our Commissioners, was at tracted to extraordinary preparations for an exten sive military and naval expedition in New York and other Northern ports. These preparations, com menced in secrecy for an expedition whose destina tion was concealed, only became known when nearly completed, and on the sth, 6th, and 7th of April transports and vessels of war, with troops, munitions,and military supplies sailed from Northern ports bound southwards. Alarmed by so extraordi nary a demonstration, the Commissioners requested the delivery of an answer to their official communi cation of the 12th of March, and thereupon received, on the Bth of April, a reply dated on the 15th of the previous month, from which it appears that during the whole interval, while the Commissioners were receiving assurances calculated to inspire hopes of the success of their mission, the Secretary. of State and the President of the United States had already determined to hold no intercourse with them whatever—to refuse even to listen to any pro posals they had to make, and had profited by the delay created by their own selfishness in order to prepare secretly the means for effective hostile operations. That these assurances were given has been vir tually confessed by the Government of the United States, by its sending a messenger to Charleston to give notice of its purpose to use force if opposed in its intention of supplying Fort Sumter. No more striking proof of the absence of good faith in the con duct of the Government of the United States towards this Confederacy can be required than is eontained in the circumstances which accompanied this notice. According to the usual course of navigation, the vessels composing the expedition designed for the relief of Fort Sumter might be expected to reach Charleston harbour on the 9th of April ; yet, with our Commissioners actually in Washington, de tained under assurances that notice should be given of any military movement, the notice was not ad dressed to them, but a messenger was sent to Charles ton to give the notice to the Governor of South Ca rolina, and the notice was so given at a late hour on the Bth of April, the eve of the very day on which the fleet might be expected to arrive. That this manoeuvre failed in its purpose was not the fault of those who contrived it. A heavy tempest delayed the arrival of the expedition, and gave time to the commander of our forces at Charleston to ask and receive the instructions of this Government. Even then, under all the provocation incident to the con temptuous refusal to listen to our Commissioners and the tortuous course of the Government of the United States, I was sincerely anxious to avoid the effusion of blood, and directed a proposal to be made to the commander of Fort Sumter, who had avowed himself to be nearly out of provisions, that we would abstain from directing our fire on Fort Sumter if he would promise not to open fire on our forces unless first attacked. This proposal was re fused, and the conclusion was reached that the design of the United States was to place the be sieging force at Charleston between the simultane ous fire of the fleet and th e f or t. Th ere remained, therefore, no alternative but to direct that the fort should at once be reduced. This order was executed by General Beauregard, with the skill and success which were naturally to be expected from the well known character of that gallant officer; and al though the bombardment lasted but 33 hours, our flag did not wave over its battered walls until after the appearance of the hostile fleet off Charleston. Fortunately, not a life was lost on our side, and we were gratified in being spared the necessity of a use less effusion of blood by the prudent caution of the officers who commanded the fleet, in abstaining from the evidently futile effort to enter the harbour for the relief of Major Anderson. I refer to the report of the Secretary of War, and the papers which ac company it, for furtherdetails of the brilliant affair. In this connexion I cannot refrain from a well-de served tribute to the noble State, the eminent sol dierly qualities of whose people were so conspicuously displayed in the port of Charleston. For months they had been irritated by the spectacle of a for tress held within their principal harbour, as a standing menace against their peace and indepen dence. Built in part with their own money, its custody confided with their own consent to an agent who held no power over them other than such as they had themselves delegated for their own benefit, intended to be used by that agent for their own protection against foreign attack, they saw it held with persistent tenacity as a means of offence against them by the very Government which they had established for th e i r p ro t ec ti on . They had beleaguered it for months—felt entire confidence in their power to capture it—yet yielded to the requirements of discipline, curbed their im patience, submitted without complaint to the un accustomed hardships, labours, and privations of a protracted siege ; and when at length their patience was rewarded by the signal for attack, and success had crowned their steady and gallant conduct—even in the very moment of triumph —they evinced a chivalrous re gard for the feelings of the brave but unfortu nate officer who had been compelled to lower his flag. All manifestations of exultation were checked in his presence. Their commanding General, with their cordial approval and the consent of his Go vernment, refrained from imposing any terms that could wound the sensibilities of the commander of the fort. He was permitted to retire with the honour of war—to 04* btu tlo a , to depart [MIT TIRE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY. The following is the Message of Jefferson Davis :o the Provisional Congress : GENTLEMEN OF THE CONGRESS, . It is my pleasing duty to announce to you that the Constitution framed for the establishment of a permanent Government for the Confederate States has been ratified by Conventions in each of those States in which it was referred. To inaugurate the Government to its full proportions and upon its own substantial basis of the popular will it only remains that elections should be held for the designation of the officers to administer it. There is every reason to believe that at no distant day other States, identified in political principles and community of interests with these which you represent, will join this Confederacy, giving to its typical constellation increased splendour; to its go vernment of free, equal, and sovereign States a wider sphere of usefulness; and to the friends of constitutional liberty a greater security for its har monious and perpetual existence. It was not, however, for the purpose of making this announcement that I have deemed it my duty to convoke you at an earlier day than that fixed by yourselves for your meeting. The declaration of war made against this Confederacy by Abraham Lincoln, the President of the United States, in his proclamation issued on the 15th day of the present month, rendered it necessary, in my judgment, that you should convene at the earliest practicable mo ment to devise measures necessary for the defence of the country. The occasion is, indeed, an extraordinary one. It justifies me in a brief review of the relations here tofore existing between us and the States which now unite in warfare against us, and in a succinct statement of the events which have resulted in this warfare ; to the end that mankind may pass intel ligent and impartial judgment on its motives and objects. During the war waged against Great Britain by her colonies on this continent a common danger im pelled them to a close alliance, and to the formation of a Confederation by the terms of whiclO the colo nies, styling themselves States, entered " severally into a firm league of friendship with each other for their common defence, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare, binding themselves to assist each other against all force offered to or attacks made upon them, or any of them, on account of religion, sovereignty, trade, or any other pretence whatever." In order to guard against any misconstruction of their compact, the several States made explicit de claration, in a distinct article, that " each State re tains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence,and every power, jurisdiction, and right which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States in Congress assembled." Under this contract of alliance the war of the Revolution was successfully waged, and resulted in the treaty of peace with Great Britain in 1783, by the terms of which the several States were, each by name, recognized to be independent. The Articles of Confederation contained a clause whereby all alterations were prohibited, unless con firmed by the Legislatures of every State, after being agreed to by the Congress ; and, in obedience to this provision, under the resolution of Congress of the 21st of February, 1787, the several States ap pointed delegates, who attended a Convention " for the sole and express purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation, and reporting to Congress and the several Legislatures such alterations and pro visions therein as shall, when agreed to in Con gress, and confirmed by the States, render the Federal Constitution adequate to the exigencies of Government and the preservation of the Union." It was by the delegates chosen by the several States, under the resolution just quoted, that the Constitution of the United States was framed in 1787, and submitted to the several States foTratifi cation, as shown by the seventh article, which is in these words:— "The ratification of the Conventions of nine States shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Con stitution between the States so ratifying the same." The Constitution of 1787 having, however, omitted the clause already recited from the articles of Confederation which provided in explicit terms that each State retained its sovereignty and inde pendence, some alarm was felt in the States when invited to ratify the Constitution, lest this omission should be construed into an abandonment of their cherished principle, and they refused to be satisfied until amendments were added to the Constitution, placing beyond any pretence of doubt the reserva tion by the States of all their sovereign rights and powers, not expressly delegated to the United States by the Constitution. I have italicised certain words in the quotations, just made, for the purpose of attracting attention to the singular and marked caution with which the States endeavoured, in every possible form, to ex clude the idea that the separate and independent sovereignty of each State was merged into one com mon Government and nation, and the earnest desire they evinced to impress on the Constitution its true character—that of a compact between independent States. Strange indeed must it appear to the impartial observer, but it is none the less true, that all these carefully-worded clauses proved unavailing to pre vent the rise and growth in the Northern States of a political school which has persistently claimed that the Government thus formed was not a com pact between States, but was, in effect, a national Government, set up above and over the States. An organisation, created by the States to secure the blessings of liberty and independence against foreign aggression, has been gradually perverted into a machine for their control in their domestic affairs ; the creature had been exalted above its creators ; the principals have been made subordinate to the agent appointed by themselves. The people of the Southern States, whose almost exclusive occupation was agriculture,early perceived a tendency in the Northern States to render the common government subservient to their own pur poses by imposing burdens on commerce as a protec tion to their manufacturing and shipping interests. Long and angry controversy grew out of these at tempts, often successful, to benefit one section of the country at the expense of the other. And the dan ger of disruption arising from this cause was en hanced by the fact that the Northern population was increasing by immigration and other causes in greatera erancein ratio than the population of the South. td ß a y ug d h e t gr th ee e s i , r as the Northern States gained prepon tpheeope National Congress, lCorenagdryess, assentto self-interestany plausible ad vocacy of their y right as a majority to govern the minority without control; they learned to listen with impatience to the suggestion of any constitutional impediment to the exercise of their will ; and so utterly have the principles of the Con stitution been co rru pted in delivered Northern mind, that in the inaugural address Lincoln in Marchlast, he asserts as an axiom which he plainly deems to be undeniable , that the theory of the Constitution requi res that in all cases the instance majority st s ti h :e a t e l s l sa gmtooey chiefern those ; magistrate and w h in i e h anotherdidexist notme declaration to liken the relations between a State and the and the State in which it is situated e t m w hesitateer between bl a e was created. Th;s ' [by which l the - is lamentable and fondamenta error on which rests on of war' and the policy county United that 1 has Confederate Statoo culminated in his 1 against these . . * ~ J ~:~. r. ~' s