The Sun. — London, England, 1861-12-23 00:00:00

THE CITY MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS. Saturday being St. Thomas's-day, pursuant to annual custom wardmotes were held in the city of London for the election of common councilmen and other officers for the year ensuing. The subjects under discussion were somewhat various, although the proceedings generally were characterised with the same gloom which pervades the public in con sequence of the lamented death of his Royal High ness the Prince Consort. The gas question was adverted to in several of the wards, as was also the metropolitan improvement, including the building of Blackfriars-bridge, widening thoroughfares, erecting new markets, while, as a rule, votes of con dolence were, with fervent expressions of loyalty and feeling, adopted to the throne, in regard to the death of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort. ALDGATE. The annual meeting of the inhabitants of this ward was held in the Ward-school Committee Room, Mitre-street, Mr. Alderman Humphery pre sided. There was no opposition in the ward, the following gentlemen being unanimously re-elected : —Mr. Robert Whiteside (deputy), Messrs. Turnley, Bicknell, Osmond, Bennett, Hudson, Hill, and Lusk. Mr: Deputy WHITESIDE, in returning thanks for his re-election, said the question of the price of gas was second hardly to any other. Gas had, especially to the City, become a positive necessity. They paid at least half a million of money for the supply, and it was now sought to put an extra sixpence upon the thousand feet, making four an d s i xpence instead of four shillings. He would, however, not dwell upon the question, as a gentleman who was highly qualified to fully ventilate the question, he meant Dr. Abrahams, had given a notice of motion upon the matter. (Hear, hear.) The other members having briefly acknowledged the renewed mark of confidence of the inhabitants of the ward by their re election, Dr. A➢RAHHAMS, in a speech of considerable length, moved a resolution commending the course the City Commissioners of Sewers had taken on the gas question. Mr. DRESSER ROGERS seconded the motion. Mr. HILL did not highly approve of the conduct of the Commissioners, for he did not think they had taken the active steps they might have done to avert the evil. The motion was carried. ALDERSGATE. The newly-elected alderman (Mr. BESLEY) pre sided over this annual meeting of the inhabitants, at the Shaftesbury-hall, Aldersgate-street, and that gentleman having been, by his election, removed from the Court of Common Council, a vacancy was caused in the representation, and for the seat several candidates appeared in the field. Upon a show of hands being taken, the following were the numbers, as announced by the worthy alderman :—Mr. J. T, Norris, M.P., 94 ; Mr. W. C. Fowler, 86 ; Mr. J. Luskin, 77 ; Mr. H. S. De Jersey, 76 ; Mr. R. J. Chaplin, 75 ; Mr. E. Godson, 74 ; Mr. T. Wood. ward, 69 ; Mr. George Sims, 59 ; and Mr. J. Wood, 48. A poll was demanded. Resolutions of condo lence with her Majesty in her bereavement, and also with regard to the gas question, were agreed to. BASSISHAW. Alderman Conder presided. Messrs. Deputy Faller, Lister, Locke, and Brad bury were re-elected. !BISHOPSGATE. This wardmote was held at Crosby-hall; Alder man Copeland, M.P., in the chair. The following gentlemen were re-elected : Messrs W. Jones, 0 wden, Fricker, Edmiston, Pilcher, Hopgood, Kerry, Richardson, Stapleton, Geddes, Parnell, and Johnson. The re-election of Mr. I. Warren was opposed on the ground of his connection with the Great Central Gas Company, and he withdrew in favour of Mr. F. Dodswell. Mr. Straker was elected in the room of Mr. Mlle.' Upon the motion of Mr. GREENAWAY, an address of sympathy to her Majesty was unanimously voted, and a committee was appointed to draw it up. The gas question occupied the attention of the meeting for a considerable time, and a motion was carried commending the conduct of the Court of Sewers for giving notice of its intention of intro• ducing a bill during the next session to amend the Metropolis Gas Act, or to exempt the City from its operation. BREAD-STREET. This wardmote was held at Cordwainers' Hall; the Alderman W. Lawrence, Esq., presiding. The following were unanimously re-elected to serve the office of Common Councilmen for the ensuing year :—Messrs. W. Hawtrey (Deputy), N. Maughan, W. Alcock, I. Smith, J. M. Cutcheon, M. M'George, F. Maynard, A. Pill. BRIDGE. This wardmote was held at St. Magnus Church , London-bridge, under the presidency of Mr. Alder• man Abbis. The following old members of the Court of Com mon Council were re-elected, viz., Messrs. Pewtress (Deputy), H. Matthew, J. Low, C. Whetham, J. Arnold, Thomas Johnson, C. Good, and J. J. Blake. Mr. Cowtan was re-elected ward beadle, after which some discussion took place on matters of local interest. BROAD-STREET, This wardmote was held in the Ward School house, London-wall, for the election of common councilmen end ward officers for the year. A communication was read from Mr. Deputy Corney, resigning his office, after 33 years' service, on the ground that he felt incapable of performing the duties. The wardmote having accepted the resignation of Mr. Corney, It was moved by Mr. W. COOK, seconded by Mr. G. WOOTON, and carried unanimously, that a vote of thanks be passed to their late worthy deputy. Mr. J. Humphreys was elected deputy, the fol lowing gentlemen being re - elected—Messrs. Charles Warton, W. Hortridge, S. H. Waterlow, T. W. Foster, Dr. Thomas Abrahams, and William Cox, Esq., M.P. After a long discussion relative to the gas ques tion, Mr. BANNISTER moved, and Mr. Deputy HUM PIIREYS seconded, in speeches of 8 very feeling cha racter, an address of condolence to her Majesty upon the loss of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort. BILLINGSGATE. At this wardmote Mr. Alderman SIDNEY, M.P., took the chair. The following gentlemen were re-elected—Messrs. B. Bower, J. Roberts, J. Caustone, H. S. Gibbs, and William Northcott. Considerable discussion took place relative to the obstruction in the streets of the City, the general feeling of the ward being for any improvement in the present thoroughfares. CANDLEWICK. The proceedings of this wardmote too k the placiedeart. the White Hart Tavern, Abohurch-lane man of the ward, T. DARIN , Esq. , in the chair . The The old members of the Common Council were unanimously re-elected to serve for the ensuing year :—Messrs. J. 11. Elliott, deputy ; F. R. Frin neby, It. Rowe, J. Symonds Marratt, J. R. Farlow, J. C. Evans. CASTLE BAYNARD. The Worshipful Sir HENRY MUGGERIDGE, Kt., alderman of the above ward, presided over the meeting of the inhabitants. The names of the old members—Mr. Farrar (deputy), Mr. J. Cockerell, Mr. B. Blakesley, Mr. T. Parker, Mr. R. Longdon, Mr. r. G. Gibbons, Mr. G. Webb, and Mr. G. Silverside—were put, when the name of Mr. S. C. Hadley was proposed as a fit and proper person tol fill the office of common councilman. On a show of hands Mr. Hadley was declared to be elected, Mr. Longden being in the minority, and for whom a poll was demanded. CHEAP. This vcardmote took place at 12 o'clock, at Guild hall Coffeehouse, the alderman of the ward, F. ALLEN, Esq., in the chair. There was no opposition, the old members being re-elected, viz.:—Messrs. Fenning (deputy), Thorp, i Houghton, Tegg, Cowell, Steward, G.t bins, and , Bennett. COLEMAN-STREET. In this ward Mr. Westall resigned his seat in the Common Council, and Mr. Edwin Fox and Mr. Jesse Hobson were candidates. The show of hands was in favour of Mr. Fox, and a poll was demanded by Mr. Haines, one of the old members. CORNHILL. This ward mote was held at St. Michael's Church, Cornhill, Mr. Alderman CARTER presiding. The precept having been read, Mr. Deputy Harrison, Mr. J. Waterlow, Mr. H. Hoppe, Mr. D. Shrewsbury, Mr. C. Gaines, and Mr. A. J. Waterlow, were re-elected to represent the ward in the Court of Common Council. After the usual vote of thanks, Mr. Deputy HARRISON, in a most effective speech, proposed a resolution for the presentation of an address of condolence to her Majesty on her great loss by the death of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort. Mr. R. G, DODD seconded the motion, which was at once agreed to. CORDWAINERS. David Salomons, Esq., M.P., presided over this' wardmote, which was held at Bow Church, Cheap . side. Messrs. Lott (deputy), W. Croucher, T. Joyce, H. L. Taylor, Chaffey, and Lambe were re-elected, and in returning thanks referred to the question of metropolitan improvements, and expressed a confi dent hope that before long the traffic of the thoroughfares would be much relieved. On the motion of the Chairman a resolution of condolence to her Majesty on the death of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort was unanimously agreed to. CRIPPLEGATE WITHIN. This wardmote was held at the schools in Philip- 1 lane, Wood-street, under the presidency of Alderman Challis, and there was no opposition to the return of the old members of the Court of Common Coun cil, viz. :—Mr. H. Lloyd (deputy), Mr. B. E. Brown, Mr. J. Parker, Mr. B. Spilsbury, Mr. J. Edmonds, Mr. E. Burkitt, Mr. W. Brass, and Mr. Hugh Tones. On the motion of Mr. Deputy LLOYD, a vote of condolence to her Majesty was passed. CRIPPLEGATE WITHOUT. There was no opposition in this ward to the re election of the old members of the Court of Common, Council. DOWGATE. Sir R. WALTER CARDEN (alderman) presided over this wardmote, which was held in the vestry of Allhallows Church, Upper Thames-street, and to the surprise of the inhabitants there was a most unexpected opposition. After the usual preliminaries the following mem bers of the Court of Common Council wereproposed for re-election, viz. :—Mr. T. White (deputy), Mr. H. Kebbell, Mr. George Hacke, Mr, J. Colman, Mr. F. W. Truscott, and Mr. J. Kearns. Mr. J. A. LLOYD then proposed Mr. Barnes (firm' of Barnes, Morgan, and Co., Upper Thames-street), as a candidate to represent the ward. _ _ Mr. A. NPLAREN seconded the motion. A show of hands was taken, and Mr. Deputy White was declared to be in the minority. A poll was demanded. FARRINGD ON WITHIN. The meeting in this ward was held at Christ's Hospital, the alderman of the ward presiding. Mr. D. Chambers was elected in the room of Mr. Bar nard, who resigned. The remaining old members were unanimously re-elected. FARRINGD ON WITHOUT. The meeting for the election of Common Council men for this ward was held at the Sessions House, Old Bailey, Alderman Sir James Duke presiding. The precept convening the meeting having been read, the head clerk read the names of the follow. ing gentlemen as having been returned by the dif ferent precincts as proper persons to serve the office of Common Councilmen ; For St. Andrews : Mr. S. F. Langham and Mr. James Lusher. For St. Sepulchre's : Mr. Deputy Butler, Mr. G. Scamell, Mr. W. T. Bedford, Mr. Charles Munday, Mr. James Butcher, and Mrs W. Payne. For St. Dun stan's : Mr. W. Lawley, Mr. R. N. Phillips, Mr. G. S. Pedler. For St. Bride's : Mr. Deputy Ob bard, Mr. George Walter, and Mr. Thomas Cotte rall. For St. Martin's : Mr. James Andtrton and Mr. James Llanborough. Mr. Spiller and Mr. S. Green were also proposed to supply the vacancies caused by the retirement of Dr. Ross and Mr. Harvey, and on a show of hands being taken the chairman declared the choice tc have fallen on Mr. Deputy Obbard, Mr. George Walter, Mr. G. Scamell, Mr. S. F. Langham, Mr, James Lusher, Mr. Deputy Butler, Mr. W. T. Bed ford, Mr. James Butcher, Mr. W. Payne, Mr. W. Lawley, Mr. R. N. Phillips, Mr. G. Pedler, Mr. T. Cotterell, Mr. James Anderson, Mr. James Llan borough, and Mr. Green. A poll was then demanded on tho part of Mr, Spiller and Mr. Mundy. LANGBOUItNE. The Right Hon. the LORD MAYOR, the alderman of this ward, presided at this wardmoto, holden at the Schoolhouse, Lime•street. The following old members were proposed :—Mr, Deputy Unwin, and Messrs. Snelling, E. Howard, C. Tully, T. Webber, J. Symonds, and J. Medwin. Mr, A. Crosley having resigned, Mr. G. Dunn, Mr. T. Sydney Smith, Mr. W. Hewett, and Mr. T. Kelsey were put in nomination. The show of hands being against Messrs. Smith and Kelsey, a poll was de- 1 manded on their behalf. LIME-STREET. Alderman MECHI presided at this wardmote, when the following old members of the Common Council were re-elected without opposition :—Mr. Cork (the deputy), Mr. T. B. Simpson, Mr. G. Symonds, and Mr. H. Harris. PORTSOKEN. I This wardmote was held at the Vestry-hall, ;Fountain-court, Minories. Sir F. G. Moow, Bart., the alderman of the ward, presided. Before the ordinary business of the court com i menced a vote of condolence to her Majesty under her recent bereavement was unanimously passed, ! and it was ordered that an address on the subject be prepared and engrossed, and transmitted to Si! 'George Grey, for presentation to her Majesty. The Court of Inquest was then revived for the purposes of the trust of Sir Samuel Starling, which was left for the endowment of schools for the pool tradesmen of the district. The administration of Sir J. Cass's poor schools excited a lengthened dis lcussion, it being alleged that the surveyor's expenses amounted to 44 per cent. of the income. Mr. KING brought before the court the circum stance of the destruction of a number of houses in the ward by the corporation, for the purpose of providing a site for a new bonded warehouse. He stated that the houses in question had accommodated 100 souls, chiefly of the working classes, and he s everely condemned th e ac t o f th e corpora ti on as , tyrannic a l and injurious to the neighbourhood. w. The following gentlemen were th e can did a t es f ol the Common Council :—Messrs. King, Venables, r t Christy, Annis, Hayward Bone, Davis, S m ith, Ellis, and Ash o Israel. The show of hands were against Mr. Hayward end Mr. Ellis, for whom a Ipoll was demanded. QUEENHITHE. 'The annual ward meeting took place in thei church of St. M ichael, Thames-stree t , at which the' alderman of the wa rd, W. RosE, Esq., presid e d. IThe following gentlemen were unanimously re elected :—Mr. Deputy Rathbone, Mr. Burrows, Mr. Rayment, Mr. Terry, Mr. Todd, and Mr. M'Dougal. TOWER. This word was hold iu Baker's-hall, Harp-lane, THE 'SERV, LONDON, MONDAY EVE NI :'4IG, :DEOMMBER 23, 1861. ..11:••=0.•••M iTower-street, T. G. FINNIS, Esq., alderman of the 'ward, presiding. The old members proposed were Messrs. Turnbull (deputy) Lawrence, Redhead, H. N. Nisen, T. S. Smith, W. Jerry, J. Young, T. B. Humphreys, and J. Malcolm. The name of H. H. Heath was proposed, and upon the show of hands' Mr. T. Smith was in th e mi nor ity, f or w h om a p o ll' was demanded. (Cheers.) We are especially attached to the form of government as exhibited in this great and ancient'. municipality, and we believe we have in the person of Mr. Besley one who takes a comprehensive view of the duties and obligations of citizenship. We have reason to hope that while he will be disposed at all times to adapt the usages and =toms of our ancient corporation to the wants and requirements of an age of progress, he will have a due regard to its long career of purity and usefulness--(hear, hear) — that ho will defend the ancient rights of his fellow citizens, especially the privilege, existing from time immemorial, of electing their own magistrates apart from the Crown, and the power of administering • their own affairs through a Common Council ; and we therefore ask your lordship and this court to accept him as our alderman. Alderman Besley then took and subscribed the customary oaths. This ceremony over, he was in vested with the violet gown of an alderman, and afterwards received the congratulations of the Chief Magistrate and the other members of the court. TIIE ITALIAN PARLIAMENT. TURIN, DEC. 19. An unexpected discussion arose yesterday in the'. Chamber of Deputies, which ought to be highly in terestingto English readers, as illustrative of a diffi cult point of constitutional law as understood in this country. Various newspapers had for some time past put forth some dark hints, conveying an imputation of flagrantly dishonest practices against a high func tionary connected with the Ministry of Public Works. The name of the offender was not given but public opinion, putting together a variety of rumours circulating about the cafes in ominous whispers, settled upon the Commendatore Pietro Boschi, the Secretary-General, or, as he would be called in England, Under. Secretary of State, for the above-named department of the public adminis tration. Boschi accepted the challenge of that sinis ter report, and, in a letter addressed to the Gazetta dcl Popolo, declared his intention to bring an action against his calumuiutors, no as tu litiVtl u faiLuppui tunity to vindicate his conduct. Yesterday, however, a letter signed by him was read in the Chamber by the Vice-President. Tecehio, in the chair, in which Boschi, a deputy. informed his colleagues that he had instructed the public prosecutor (Procuratore del Re, or Ministero Pubblico) of the Criminal Court to proceed against himself, Boschi, and institute an inquiry into his dealings at the office of Public Works, that hiE guilt or innocence might be legally proved before the Court. He asked, therefore, for the leave of the Chamber to be allowed to appear before the Court in the capacity of a prisoner at the bar. Now, the 45th article of the Statute, or Constitu tional bill of Rights, of 1848 is thus welded : " No deputy can, except in the case of fiagrante delitto (or of being taken in the act of an offence against the law), / be arrested during the Session, or bruught into court (tradotto en giudizio) in criminal matters, without the pre vious consent of the Chamber." The House was rather taken aback by Boschi's application, and the incident gave rise to the utter- , ance of an endless variety of opinions. On the', whole, however, the subject was discussed with admirable temper and calm judgment, and the conclusion was, in the estimation of most mend highly creditable to the sense and moderation of the assembly. Some of the deputies, foremost among them Niacchi and Massari, took the most merciful view of the matter, thought that the Chamber should afford every facility to their tra duced colleague to clear himself, contended that the whole Parliament was interested in upholding the honour of one of its members, that the deputies were to look upon Boschi as a fallen man, lying helpless on the ground, inasmuch as his very pri vilege deprived him of the means of righting him self, and that no time should be lost in deprivin;., him, at his own request, of this inconvenient privi lege by granting his request without hesitation. Others, among whom were Crispi, Piroli, Leardi. Lanza, and full 15 orators besides, thought that the Chamber was not called upon by Boschi to sit in judgment upon him, and that it was not the keeper of the honour of any of its members ; that this was a mere question of form, and the question resolved itself simply into the interpretation of the 45th article of the Statute. It was for the judicial power; they argued, to determine whether, on the suit ot' Boschi, they deemed they had sufficient ground to proceed criminally against him or not, as in the for mer case the application for the consent of the Chamber for a criminal prosecution against one of its deputies would be made by the competent autho rity, and the House would then come to such a re solution as might seem just and expedient. Should the judicial authorities upon a preliminary inquiry find that there was no ground for a regular prose cution, as, indeed, the vagueness of the charge would naturally lead many people to expect, the vote of the Chamber, thus extra judicially solicited, might be interpreted as a moral decision in favour of Boschi —a decision which, in its total ignorance of the cir cumstances of the case, the Chamber had not the least plausible means to come to. The question, nevertheless, seemed of so serious a nature that Piroli and others moved that the subject should be dropped for the moment, and that the House should take time for deliberation till to-mor row's sitting. The opinion that the affair sho'ild at once be settled prevailed, however, and an order of the day was voted by a large majority to the follow ing effect : u The Chamber, considering that the 45th article of the Statute is not applicable to the case of the Deputy Boschi, and considering that the just and praiseworthy motives of the said deputy Boschi in the present state of the matter meet with no obstacle in the enactment of the above said article, proceeds with the order of the day. This resolution met the views of most members. It did not grant to the Deputy Boschi The eon ,ent ho applied for, and, in so far, the exigencies of legality were fully complied with. At the same time, the House expressed an opinion favourable to the endeavours of this deputy to exculpate himself. And gave a sufficient assurance that leave for the prosecution would not be withheld when the appli cation was made in due form and by the competent authority. time, to be attributed, I think, to the valuable ser• vice rendered by the National Guards. Patrols of them, as also of the Carabineers, guard the streets nightly, together with the police. They are armed with revolvers and swords. For several months the city has been in a most dangerous state, and the in stitution of this extraordinary service proves it. I must not close my letter without saying a word ,of Vesuvius. Its form is much changed. The sides of the crater have been thrown into the air, and the abyss is so deepened that it is impossible to see the • bottom of it. There are ten small craters formed ..above the town of Torre del Greco, and the report of the principal guide of Vesuvius, which has just t been sent to me, announces that another "palazzo ' fell during the past night. Indeed, the shocks of; earthquake are continual, and are felt slightly even in Naples. Palmieri, Director of the Observatory, reports that on the 14th the needles of Lamont were still active, and the sismograph registering. On Sunday night and on Monday morning the shocks were repeated both here and in Torre del Greco, and though that place no longer trembles like a jelly under our feet, as it did on the 9th inst.,l the movement continues at intervals. The Provin-I cial Council meets to-day to vote 36,000 ducats for' the relief of the sufferers, and I hear that hisi Niajesty has increased the already liberal donation which he has given from his private purse. Indeed, 'she promptitude and:energy and benevolence which have been displayed by the Government and the local authorities show that a different order off ,hinge is introduced here. Instead of masses andi processions, we have action ; and, instead of the! dishonesty which took advantage of the sympathy created by the ruin of former earthquakes, we havel he honest administration of the funds, thanks tol chat hitherto unknown spirit of integrity which the Northern element has introduced. The following little anecdote, the truth Gf which I guarantee, Mows the difference between the usages of the North and the South. A nobleman, lately acquitted! +•)y a verdict of " not proven," accompanied by his! tdvocate, went round to the judges (Neapolitan) to' Thank them. He was received, and he gave a pre- ient to the servants. At last he visited the highest' law officer (a Milanese), who refused to see him, alleging that he needed no thanks for doing his duty. Accompanying the advocate to the stairs, he observed the nobleman's servant slip a douceur into his own domestic's hands, but he dismissed him on the spot. Yet this has been the regular practice. On looking out of my window I see Vesuvius has' just burst out again with increased violence. -------;------- ! incurred in their cultivation.We have, indeed, seldom, if ever, seen a collection so creditable, so: ( varied, and so extensive from any similar public' establishment ; ;.every item in which, to use the. words of the judges, ' possessed merit such as they !have seldom seen before. We trust that many, of the other similar institutions throughout the, country will imitate the praiseworthy example of the North Dublin, by contributing such excellent and interesting displays of agricultural produce at !the subsequent shows of the society." LA TV INTELLIGENCE.—Dec. 21. ARCHES COURT. (Before Dr. Lushingtoc.) "ESSAYS AND REVIEWS." THE OFFICE or THE JUDGE PROMOTED EY THE BISHOP OF SALISBURY V. THE REV. DR. HOWLAND WILLIAMS, D D. Mr. Fitzjames Stephen, following Dr. Deane, ad-I dressed the Court on behalf of the defendant. If this had been an ordinary case he should, he said, , , have occupied a subordinate position only ; but,' considering the importance of the issue involved,' the counsel for Dr. Williams bad thought it better to pursue their independent resources, to lay their conclusions independently before the Court. The real issue involved in this case was this —Did the law of England forbid the clergy of the! Church of England to exercise their minds in the interpretation of Scripture ? The first question in every case of this kind must be—What is the law !under which the defendant is to be tried, and what 'the principle upon which the judge is to regulate ;his decision ? The judge of that court was not sitting las a divine to decide upon the truth of Dr. Wil iiiams's opinions, but would have to consider only [whether the defendant was forbidden by law to en- tertain those opinions under penalty of deprivation of his living of Broadchalk. The ground upon which he intended to argue this case was, that in ecclesi astical courts open questions were permitted, and ;that, upon questions which had not been decided, !full and entire liberty was left to the Church. That which was contained in the articles was conclusive, and though the rubrics and formularies of the Church were also conclusive, greater distinctness land precision were required in them than in the articles. If there were any ambiguity in the formu xlaries, it was not to be understood that the Church imeant by them to establish indirectly that which it did not establish directly by the articles of faith. From reading the indictment in this case he was led 'lto the conclusion that this was a skilful, artful, and 'insidious attempt to overthrow the fundamental 'doctrine laid down in the Gorham case ; and he !called upon the Court, therefore, to strike out from !the articles of accusation everything except the 'articles of religion, the rubrics, and formularies, and o to strike out especially any reference to any text of !Scripture cited upon the assumption that every itext which the Church ordered to be read on parti cular occasions was to be accepted as part of the doctrine of the Church. If the principle of admit ting these texts were conceded, the result would be that the judge would be called to put a judicial construction upon every passage of the Bible which was read in the course of the year, and the ulti mate result, that a clergyman would not be able to publish at all, and would be able to preach no thing but homilies. As the friend, as well as the :advocate of Dr. Williams, he should not adopt the course of taking extract by extract quoted from the Essay," and showing that there was no law of the Church against this or that opinion, for orthodoxy was not merely the question to be tried. The cha racter of an Englishman and an English gentleman Was at stake, and his client would, he was sure, sooner lose his living than gain his cause upon a technicality of law or by the sacrifice of his convic-, tions. He took, therefore, the bolder course, and, contended that if Dr. Williams had entertained un familiar opinions, opinions which startled many people and some divines, he had a right to entertain those opinions, because he had from the Chinch, according to his ordination vow, the right and duty to follow studies profitable for the understanding of the Holy Scriptures. That the Bible was the law lof the Church, and contained all things necessary to salvation, was no ground for asserting that every thing contained in the Bible was literally true, and this prosecution was an attempt to impose dogmas upon the Church which the Church itself did not impose. There was a great difference between un feigned belief in the canonical Scriptures as declared in the ordination service, and unfeigned belief in every word of the authorised version. The liberty of interpreting Scripture according to private judg ment was allowed in the writings of every divine of the Church, and he was convinced that so far from lessening the authority of the Bible, free criti cism would do more thin anything else to remove the doubts thrown upon it by the discoveries 01 science and the comments of learned men. Th( .questions of inspiration and interpretation were left open by the articles, and having regard to the con• troversies at the time of the Reformation, he con• tended that this was no accidental omission, but that the articles were as carefully and advisedly framed as any legal document. At that time there were three parties holding different opinion& with regard to the Bible. The Roman Catholics founded the Bible upon the Church. The Cal vinists based it upon itself, and the Church of England, as shown by incontrovertible evidence. based the reception of the Bible upon the groand&l of piety, reason, and historical evidence. la proof of the opinions that the discussion of Scriptural, interpretation was not intended to be limited by the articles of religion, but was purposely left an open question, the learned counsel proceeded at great length to refer to the Westminster Confession, thi Eleven Articles upon which the Thirty-nine Arti ,eles were framed, the authority of Chillingworth, IBaxter,Cartwright,Jackson,Hooker,Jeremy Taylor, and. others, and in conclusion expressed a hope that he had satisfied the Court that the sixth and seventh VINT RY. This ward meeting took place at 12 o'clock under the presid enc y o f th e a ld erman o f th e war d, , Thomas Gabriel, Esq., at the Ward School-house,l Brick-hill-lane, for the election of ward officers, &c. l Previous to the election a somewhat lengthy dis cussion took place with reference to the great gas, question, which has occupied so much of the atten- 1 tion of the diffeient wards. The worthy alderman then put the following names as proposed and seconded for the approval of the meeting : Mr. C. Gammon (deputy) ; Mr. W . D. - White, Mr. G. Mason, Mr. R. Tress, Mr. H. Field, and Mr. Edmund Burke in the room of Mr. Sprague, resigned. These gentlemen were elected. WALBROOK. This wardmote was held as usual at No. 3, Oxford court, Cannon-street, Mr. James Clarke Lawrence, the alderman, presiding. The usual preliminary proceedings having been gone through, , Mr. H. WATKINS proposed the re-election of Mr. Deputy Fry, Mr. Murrell, and Mr. Pullett ; while, Mr. Lintott and Mr. Rowley were proposed. There being a vacancy by the resignation of Mr. H. L. Brunn, Mr. LUCK proposed, and Mr. HOWELL seconded, the nomination of Mr. F. Cotton. Mr. WATKINS then moved a proposition for the return of Mr. George Pollard for the vacant seat, which having been seconded, and The several members having addressed the ward mote, the Alderman put the several names, when the following were returned :—Mr. Fry (deputy), Mr. Murrell, Mr. Pullett, Mr. Lintott, Mr. Rowley, and for the vacancy Mr. S. A. Cotton. COURT OP ALDERMEN. On Saturday a special meeting of the aldermen of the city of London was h e ld at Guildhall, the 'Lord Mayor presiding, for the public reception and investiture of a new member of their order, elected in the place of the late Sir Peter Laurie, who had been a member of the Court for the long period of 35 years. The ceremony had considerable interest, attended as it was by much that was picturesque, and exhibiting in a strong light the pride with which municipal privileges are cherished by the popular mind in a city where they have been exercised on the largest scale time out of mind. It took place in the fine chamber of the Court, and the aldermen, who mustered in a goodly number, wore their scarlet robes on the occasion. The sheriffs of London and Middlesex, wearing each his crimson robe and golden badge of office, were also in attendance, as were likewise Mr. Russell Gurney, the Recorder ; Mr. Ker, the Judge of the Sheriff's Court ; Mr. Pearson, the City Solicitor, and the rest of the ministerial officers of the cor poration. The part of the chamber assigned to the use of the public was crowed to excess. THE LATE PRINCE CONSORT. Mr. Alderman COPELAND, M.P., addressing the Court, said, speaking with visible emotion, the duty devolved upon him, as their senior member, on that their first meeting after an event deplored by the whole country, to move a resolution of sympathy and condolence with the Queen upon the great loss which her Majesty, in common with the nation, had sustained. (Hear.) He knew in doing so he was, but interpreting the feeling pervading all classes of, the community, from the highest to the humblest,' towards a Prince who was universally beloved, who ! exerted himself to the utmost to promote the best' interests of the people, and who was equally re markable for his devotion to the Queen and for the care and attention he bestowed on the education of the children with whom it had pleased Providence to bless them. (Hear.) He ventured to propose a resolution which had been drawn up by the learned, Recorder, their principal legal officer, and which he trusted would embody the feeling of his brethren : " That the Court of Lord Mayor and Aldermen of the city of London desire to convey to her Most Gracious Majesty the expression of their constant loyalty and heartfelt sympathy. The mournful event by which her . Most Gracious Majesty has lost the devoted and loyal support of the Prince Consort has at the same time deprived her Majesty's subjects IRELAND. DUBLIN, SATURDAY EVENING. One could scarcely exaggerate in describing the sympathy with the Queen in her bereavement which is manifested by all classes in this country. Yesterday one of the largest and most influential meetings ever held in Belfast was convened by the Mayor, in pursuance of a requisition, to give suit ible expression to the deep sorrow of the inhabi tants at the death of the Prince Consort, and to their loyal and affectionate sympathy with the Queen in her present affliction. The speakers re presented every political party and religious deno mination. The following address of condolence with Her Majesty was unanimously adopted, the Right Rev. Dr. Denvir having moved that it be engrossed and presented : " May it please your Majesty,-- "We, your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal sub• jects, the Mayor and inhabitants of Belfast, in public meeting assembled, beg leave to approach your Majesty with the feeling and expression of our deepest sympathy and condolence in your sad bereavement by the death of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort. " We are fully sensible that, as none could know his worth, so none can feel his loss as does your Majesty. " Still, it mast be a melancholy consolation to know that by all that was heard of his private and domestic virtues, as well as by all that was seen of his unwearied efforts for the public good, he had won for himself a place in the hearts of all your Majesty's subjects, and has left behind him a name that must hereafter rank as one of the brightest in the records of British history. "It is our humble and earnest prayer that God, who, in His providence, gives and takes away,' and who alone is able to minister consolation and good hope in all human sorrows, may grant to your Majesty and to your Royal House His grace, protection, and blessing. " Signed in the name and on the behalf of the meeting." Another resolution was passed recommending the closing of all places of business from 11 till 1 on the day of the funeral, and the adoption of general, of a Prince who has for the last 20 years been fore• mourning. most in the support of every measure which had The antipodes of Belfast, as to the predominan, for its object the advancement of the interests, the feeling of the population in religion and politics, is, I refinement of the tastes, or the improvement of the Drogheda ; and, only to show the universality of moral and social condition of the people of his the sentiment of regret misled by the Prism's death. adopted country. That Almighty God may grant the corporation of that town met at the same time to Her Most Gracious Majesty resignation under to consider an address of condolence with the Queen. this heavy affliction, and that Her Majesty may be An address was adopted by the Council, in which enabled to derive comfort from the recollection of they say that, " in union with all her Majesty's sub the virtues of the late Prince, and from the sym- jeets, they deplore the bereavement she has sus pathy of her whole people, is the earnest prayer of tained." They earnestly hope that the "loss will in this Court." (Hear, hear.) no way affect the auspicious reign of her Majesty, Sir J. MUSGROVE, as the alderman next in and that she will be supported by a reliance on seniority seconded the resolution, remarking of his Divine Providence in wielding her sceptre over her late Royal Highness, as was said of another illus- extensive dominions for many years to come." This, trious man, that nature made him great, Providence they say, will ever be the sincere wish of her " de made him useful, and religion made him good. voted, loyal, and valorous subjects." No doubt the, (Hear, hear.) corporation means by the last epithet that its mem-. The resolution was then put and adopted by the ' kers are individually willing to lay down their lives whole Court, with every mark of devoted loyalty 6 : for her Majesty should circumstances ever call for It was afterwards entered upon their records as a e the sacrifice,—which is, happily, not likely. perpetual memorial of the occasion, and a copy sent - The Dublin Evening Post earnestly urges the to Sir George Grey, the Secretary for the Home claims of Dean Kirwan, of Limerick, to the vacant Department. '!' see, as he has the rare advantage of being popular PRESENTATION OP THE NEW ALDERMAN. ~ with both Protestants and Roman Catholics, and :' Mr. ORTON, an officer of the Lord Major's Court,: has superior professional qualifications. appeared at the bar and reported that the election . A petition was presented to the Lord Chancellor of an alderman for the ward of Aldersgate had i yesterday, on behalf of the Lord Mayor, the Dean - fallen on Mr. Robert Besley, citizen and loriner. - of St. Patrick's, and others, relative to a charitable .. On the motion of Colonel Wilson, the n ew ly. _ . fund which had accumulated from an annuity left chosen alderman was called in. He was accompanied - some years ago by Mr. H. Metcalf, of this city, to ..' by many of the influential citizens resident in the : he applied for the establishment of an almshouse ward. - for eight elderly Protestant women. In 1857 the « Mr. NORRIS, M.P. for Abingdon, and a mem , 's STATE OF NAPLES, p resent Lord Ma y or, Atkinson, had given £l,ooo e . ber of the Common Council, said, addressing the ' -e to a similar object, and £3O O was subscribed be - Lord Mayor,—l appear at the bar of this court : A letter from Naples, dated December 17, says others towards establishing an almshouse in New- for the purpose of introducing to your lordship l'he priests have been, and are still, active in try street. The Lord Mayor now adds £ l,OOO more. and the members of this distinguished body s : l ing to get up an opposition to the levy; in the con• and the object of the application to the Court of gentleman who a few days ago was elected by ;,., fessional they work on the fears of timid women Chancery was to have the whole fund invested in the unanimous voice of the freemen of the ward :. and, like the pestilence that moveth in darkness, trustees. The Lord Chancellor granted an order of • they lose not a single opportunity of poisoning the , From the 49th report of the Commissioners of he, of Aldersgate to be their representative in..: reference to the Master. ' Majesty's Woods and Forests we extract the follow this the Upper Chamber of the Corporation of • • minds of those who are under their influence. Stil i e Sir Croker Barrington, son of the late Crown Soli . 4ing particulars relating to leases of Crown lands London. I come thus formally to introduce him -,.., the levy goes on well ; that is to say, the balloting `-.., citor for Munster, Sir Matthew Barrington, Bart., -, granted during the year ended March 31, 1861 : not because he is so entirely a stranger, but in , i is conducted with great order, and, in many cases. i has been appointed,it is stated, to the office of Crown se s _ . the conscripts present themselves. " There have been seven leases of Crown lands obedience to a good old custom usually and for- ~` Solicitor of Limerick, rendered vacant by the death :granted during the year, five of which relate to the es lands of Serabster, Lythmore, and Stempster, and malty adopted under similar circumstances, and s Perhaps more inquietude had been felt for the 'el of Mr. Fleetwood. 1 Dorrery forming the Crown's estate in the county results of the levy in Terra di Lavoro, as a great: - The Ist battalion of the 15th Regiment has re- s keg Caithness, the largest and most valuable of the most honoured when most closely followed and ob- . . Z. . majority of the Population there are Bourbonists e iceived the final order to leave Richmond Barrackl eluded properties now vested in the Crown in Scot served. Forty years ago Mr. Robert Besley corn: menced the battle of life in the ward of Aldersgate. 4, yet tranquillity has been maintained. In Salerno lon the 26th inst. for Cork by the Great Southernt,land, and under the management of the Department Endowed with rare qualities—industry, persevo- ' 111 those drawn have presented themselves, and e 0.7: and Western Railway, and to embark on the 27th Southern,: the Woods and Forests. The rental derived from • • in the other provinces the operation goes on mar :; ; tor Canada. ~' these new lettings is as follows :—Lends of Scrab ranee, honour, and integrity—at the end of a long' ster, £925 ; the grazings and shootings of Dorrery, career he finds himself in the possession of a handje. rily. Saturday and Sunday last were devoted here ; -: The Agricultural Review, in an article on the.`: some competence, and exempted from the toils of ein Naples, to the levy. Disturbances had been!.,, winter show of the Royal Dublin Society, says : —£ 1,882 Bs. 3d. This improved rental being in '' -!1.:442 10s. ; Lythmore and Stempster, £514 18s. 3d. ' business and the anxieties of commercial life s.: threatened on the Sunday, but the National Guards' "Several of the managers of the model agricultu- the place of £575 for Scrabster, £221 for the grazing ~ Blessed with health and with a peculiar aptitude * ippeared in strong force, and public tranquillite '- ral school farms, in connection with the Board of e, and shootings of Dorrery, and £420 for Lyt e hmort ), for public business, he has offered himself to the; was maintained, in spite of the priest. I visited k,' National Education cont . ributed samples of turnips s- and Stempster, making together £1,216, being an ..,, man olds carrots, parsnips, kohl.rabi, beans, oats:: advance of £666, or about 55 per cent. on the ..,,,•, ward of Aldersgate :to serve them as an alderman ett several of the "quarters," and remarked that the whole thing was end a magistrate of this great city. They lhave;, conducted with the utmost fair. .' wheat, barley, &c. These were staged by them- -,:rental by the last letting of these properties. 4. selves, ' not for competition, and included the pro-7 - In the cases of Scrabster and Dorrery the ad .e . accepted his proffered services, and they call on me tc. • ness and publicity. There was a large barrel,lduce of Glasnevin, Cork, Belfast, Kilkenny, Athy, 's vance is at the rate of 73 per cent. In the yea' s I . : y . into which a small boy plunged his hand, drew the ;Gorrnanstown, Dromisken, Templedouglas, Bat to bring him here to ask your lordship and thismanagement of the C Court to receive him as a member of your body.eame, and handed it over to one of the secretaries, '' and Roscrea Union Farms. Samples of butter were -'Scotland passed to the _ ore .e. • , elso shown from the Glasnevin and Cork Model keissioners of ber Majesty's Woods, &c , the ' Bath, t 41832, when the land revenue of the Crown in We believe that the personal character of Mr. Bes- ..; who shouted it out. The halls were crowded with . Farms, which were exceedingly creditable to both il whole estate of Scrabster, Lythmore, Stempster, and :- ley will be acceptable to your lordship and your •,'. persons of the lowest classes, principally women,4 establishments. The butter from Glasnevin was the' Dorrery had been let by the Barons of Scotland at ; some small portions of the lands ofd:DEATHS. brethren. (Hear, hear.) Following the example e who took a most anxious interest in the proceeding. --• produce of cows fel on two feeds of turnips, one of 'the yearly rent of £7OO. The property set by the members of this Court, we believe and i!iSome who were present were drawn, and took theit e :. cabbage, 21b. of oilcake, with a little hay and straw educes, over and above the rent of a quarry net then now pro .1. DALY.—On the 19th inst., at his residence, in Green-row hope that he will support the majesty of the law :.billets kindly. After all it is only political oppo-6 . , fed on Swede and Aberdeen turnips, with 31b. oft Scrabster adjoining t e arbour, and now reserved 4 daily; and that from the Munster Farm, from cows"::, worked, and .. HOWELL.—On the 19th inst., Sydney Howell, of 8, Glou and the dignity of the bench of magistrates. We e sition which has given importance to the levy, for ster-street Pimlico, aged 42. goon Guards, aged 76.. terapecake daily. These interesting collections, ,toe ,-. for feuing or building purposes, a rental of £l,BB2es caster-street , believe and trust that in the adminstration of the ' s „it is small, only six to a thousand; whereas in 1854eA ether * r with a matchless specimen of the Windsor breedf_ e Bs. 3d. to be increased to £1,942 88. 3d. from Whit- e 4 , • • VKINGSCOTE —On the 19th inst., at Kingscote Gloucester . law he will mingle in due moderation a regard for - t , there were three levies of nine to the thousand, andle4 o f gl pigs just ready for the shambles, sent in by Dr. esunday 1871. In 1832 the larger part of this pro-t ' shire, Thomas Henry Kingscote, Esq., aged 62. . at Nice, Edward Stephen Lee the frailties of human nature and tincture justicA7though substitutes were paid for, they were never[sKirkpatrick,Headlnspector of Agricultural Schools, 4:perty was in a state of common, since divided ands` 44 I. Ts . _0 . . 1. K th_ i e no r . 2 s th tre in et st , St. James's, and 44, Lincoln's-inn 'provided, the proceeds having bum sacked by tbe lattracted no small amount of attention during the ':•, , ,'allotted under the provisions applicable to such cases. , fields ' , aged 42. with mercy. (Hes.r, hear.) We hope, too, he willF;'by the law of Scotland •; but comparing the resentp' emulate the virtues exhibited in your lordship'soGovernment. There can be little doubt, I thinlo eshow. • sO . 4 4 MAnsHALL.—On the 16th inst., at Reading, Mr. John ". Of the other farms conne . cted with public insti- „rental with that obtained in 1832, the advance will tee- Marshall, aged 75. !career, and which have earned for you the rare abut that the military career will shortly become d d''''found e,tutions we have only to notice that attached to the Abeto be at the rate of not less than 169 perleelenvix.—On the 17th inst., at St. John's-grove-road, distinction of bei * `% highly ighly popular, so liberally treated are the troops k barn twice elected Lord Mayor of ' sNorth Dublin Union Workhouse, the produce from ecent. This advance is in part attributable to an Southsea, Edward Marvin, sen., aged 81. London. m —y lord, cherish 14 we with the fondest de-e• o and so different is the bearing of those we havelj which would do credit to the champion root growerslexpendit ure by the Crown in fencing, drainage, i m _ r _,,,,, ,Treeeee.—On the 18th inst., at Scarborough, Richard H. 1 , votion the municipal " • t,l Tindall, aged 38. institutions of our common us from that of those who have acted asi:r i of the country. The various productions sent for- -p eve r ment of buildings and other works to the'fi country, believing, as we do, that in the impulselicensed butc h e rs for so man y y e a rs unde r the ~.ward brAlr. Boyle, the agriculturist to the above extent of £3,600 ; and also in no small degree tot given to those institutions b ancestors the seeds of popular planted in the popular mind, i „ y our Anglo-SaxonVe Bourbons. liberty were ira- • t - During the last 14 days we have enjoyed a degreel never to be eradicated.. of tranquillity which we have not known for a long e s union possessed peculiar merit, inasmuch as they, . she g e neral improvement in the agriculture of the,, l' 'have ' been exclusively grown by juvenile inmates I .iclistrict, and in the greater facilities which no il of the establishment, and without F. 4 any extraneous,: for union being ti expense in manure, &c., to the markets," r conveying the produce to the southernli i y..4ONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of w 5 -1 No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE SUN Office, No. 112,Strand, ia n the Precinct of the savoy, in the County of Middlesex IA DlCedaY, December 23,1861. e articles, the most important in some respects of the ,whole thirty-nine, were not drawn up at random and that the Church of England had never actei more wisely, more maturely, or with fuller consi deration, than when it left open the questions o inspiration, criticism, and interpretation. The question of inspiration was left open because the Church felt the danger of drawing any harsh lint between the truth which Ged revealed to mar through Scripture and the truth revealed through man's reason. The Church left open the questior of criticism for reasons which he proposed to argue more particularly on a future occasion, but amongst others because, though when the articles were draws, up they had not the learning of the present day, they were far too learned to endorse the fatal and monstrous assertion of the Westminster divines that the Greek and Hebrew texts were inspired by God, and by His care preserved from alteration. The) left open the question of interpretation for the rea son assigned by Jeremy Taylor, that they knew well how difficult it was to get at the truth in the midst of the obscurities with which it was surrounded, and that it was unjust to take the liberty of thought from man unless they could secure him from error. At this stage of the learned counsel's argument p the court adjourned to the 7th of January. CROWN LANDS IN SCOTLAND. WEEMS CIMPReI FRENCH PRESS ON DO'BIESTIC AFFAIRS. The report presented by M. Troplong in the Senate is spoken of in unusually eulogistic terms by several of the !Paris journals, and some of them seize on the opportunity Ito pass a high encomium on the p olic y and acts of the Se cond Empire. The Patrie commences with the following iobservationa :—" This document, in which are explained ~the principles of authority and liberty which are the basis oo our r o u d r e l i i n b s e t r i a tu ti t l I: g on s, assemblies,i is not on ly b a ut r e a p o l r e t a m rn a e d d e a t n o d th c e first e o t e f commentary on the memorable acts of the 14th of Nov. In reading with the serious attention they deserve these kpages in which the fire, m agistrate of France expresses the rtinost elevated ideas of p o. lity, one feels that the great tradi tions of the French magis..`racy, which has never ceased to. . take interest in the grave p t oblems that affect the destinies of our country, are revived. .The eminent reporter has first indicated the real character of the measure, the object of which is to render public contrei 1 efficacious in financial matters. Going back on the past,• he has, by giving details remarkable fur Parliamentary eruditt:on, endeavoured to as certain what were in this respect the 4. , ondit ions of the for mer power in the State, and has retrae NO the long conflict between the Chambers and the Crown, a conflict which ended in displacing the sovereignty, in lowering the throne by compromising the representation, and int which preten sions were too often taken for rights, and enettiachments on power for guarantees of liberty." Referring to the charge of excessive expenditure brought against the empire, the writer arks what person there is that would wish to efface from the page of histo,7 the names of Sebastopol, Magenta, and Solferino ? Tranquillity extremere-e Asia stablishe rodtahthwon open, the influence restored abrosA, the Bospherus made free, Italy' delivered, and in the midst of such great achievement:F t , France advancing steadily in new paths of progress by the' ''power of manufactures and free trade—such, the Patric .., declares, are the results which may be pointed to in return -,for the money expended. The article then proceeds in these terms :—" The Emperor, inspired by the services his reign has rendered to the country, now desires to 7 endow France with institutions which shall associate the nation more intimately with the government of pub- Pc affairs. He abandons in prerogatives which aro `..., henceforth useless what he acquires in historical popu-- larity. It cannot, however, be denied that this liberal and 4 generous consequence of a reign which counts so many : memorable events disquiets several persons. By a singular accord, men whose devotedness is not suspected, and par •:ties systematically hostile, unite in the same sentiment. :,' Liberty,' say they, 'is incompatible with the empire. It presents in the actual state of France immense perils, and II wll inevitably produce a catastrophe.' That sentiment, which is to be perceived in the fears of some and in the ~. hopes of others, is at times expressed even in official docu ments." The water declares that he sees no ground for such ap prehensions, for this reason especially—that the govern " went of the empire is essentially different from those which preceded it. The article says—" Is the empire, which has :i. been elected by the free suffrage of the nation, and is sur • rounded by parties who have exhausted their cha-aces of • " governing, and each of whose defeats was a revolution—is the empire placed in conditions similar to those of the poli tical establishments which preceded it ? It is combated as .i. the Reston tion was, both by reminiscences of glory and the aspirations of liberty ? Is it condemned as the Orleans monarchy was, to take one by one from insurrection all the • attributes of the sovereign powor ? No; nothing in its origin or its past career, nor in the social elements which form the basis and guarantee of the empire, permits such a :',comparison. Ten years after its double accession, in 1825 'as in 1840, the monarchy of the charter was obliged to ells , ' pute with parties and factions the remnant of power; and , . we ask of every impartial man if the case is the same at !present ?" The language of the Pays is even perhaps more compli mentary to M. Troplong than that of the journal just i quoted. It says :—" Under the form of a report M. Trop long has presented to the country a complete treatise, in. which we admire at once the impartiality of the historian, the learning of the jurisconsult, the profound and accurate views of the statesman. Party spirit has neglected no means of attacking the Government of the Emperor. Even those 'who waged a deadly war against liberal ideas, under pre. ceding Governments, have been foremost in reproaching the empire with a want of liberality. Liberty with them is like a corsair's flag, and changed according to circum stances. We are indebted to M. Troplong for having once !more asserted the great truth that it is liberty in political life which alone produces liberty in the institutions of a country; and that, after all, that liberty, which some par ties seem so much to lament, still really exists in France, though it is no longer comprosrised by dramatic scenes and tumultuous cries. All the historical part of this admirable report is treated with the utmost clearness and elegance. M. Troplong gives a graphic,description of the hereditary struggle perpetuated from 1816 to 1830, and from 1830 to 1848, between the elective assemblies and the Crown. He shows us the action of the chambers ex ceeding the limits of control, and gradually encroaching upon the whole administration. What were the results of this usurpation of a new kind ? What did the Chamber of 'Deputies gain by this extension of its power? The con trollers controlled nothing, and caused a great expenditure; ,to such an extent, indeed, that the finances presented a de ficit in time of peace. In the one session of 1847 there were amendments proposing reductions of 600,000 fr,, while those 'for additions to the expenditure amounted to 4,000,000;:r. `The floating debt now amounts to 800 millions; it was above '6OO millions in 1818, and the Government of July was then about to negotiate a loan of 350 millions. Had it stood a. few menths longer, it would have bequeathed as a floating debt the 1,000 millions which have eo often appeared, like the Ghost in Hamlet, in the columns of certain journals. Yes, the empire has borrowed 2,000 millions for war These 2,000 millions paid for the siege of Sebastopol, Ma genta, and Solferino. Yes; the empire has borrowed 500 millions for peace ; but it has executed works of public utility to the value of 900 millions ; it has also lent its sup port and credit to railways, and has thus led to an outlay of 3,000 millions in improvements." COUN2BY II~IRKI.I S. .v. - YORK- DEC. 21. The supply of wheat at this market to-day was short, and a limited business was transacted, at about the same prices as last week. Barley a limited show, and in better request. Oats in small supply, but a steady inquiry, at late rates. Beans supported previous quotations. Wheat, red 60s to 64s 1 oats.... 2os to 26s White do .64s to 68s B eans 48- to 52s I Barley .30s to 38s Peas .• • • ^ -8 to ...--EI Malt, 68s to 70s per qr. ; rye, 36s per qr. ; flour, 468 ,to 48s per sack. NORWICH—DEc. 12. Wheat to-day was in fair supply, and in moderate con dition, but sold freely at the prices of last week. A fair quantity of barley, which fully supported late rates. Flour as before. White wheat 64s to 6Ss I Red wheat 62s to 654 halting barley...3Bs to 39s I Chevalier barley 37s to 38s New d 0.......... 37s to 39s j Oats.. NORTHAMPTON-DEC. 21. At this corn-market to-day the supply of wheat was tolerably good. The tone of the trade was firm, and the best sorts were about is over recent rates-50s to 62s for old, and 60s to 66s for new. A fair business in 'barley— malting 33s to 395, grinding 28s to 30s per qr. Oats in moderate show, at previous prices—quoted at 22s to 35a per 24 stone. Beans, old, 39s to 46s ; peas, 37s to 455. Rye, 37s to 425; malt, 70s to 74s ; flour, 40s to —a per isek. LEICESTER—DEc. 21. The supply of wheat to• day was by no means abundant, and the attendance of farmers and factors only moderate. Trade steady, and quotations as of late. White,l63s to 66s —red, 56s to 66s per 36 stone. Barley active, v, ith a scarce show, grinding, 30s to 325; malting, 33s to 376 per qr.; oats, 24s to 355 per 24 stone. Beans were unaltered — new, 40s to 428; old, 43s to 48s per 38 stone. Fine flour, 475 I Seconds, 45s I Thirds, 43s per 20 stone. CAMBRIDGE-DEC. 21. There was a moderate supply of wheat to-day, and the ,trade ruled healthy—the prices being at the extreme of last week's rates—white, from 698 t o 64s ; red, 56s to 608. Barley in active demand — malting , 348 to 40s ; grinding, 30s I to 335. Oats were steady, at 22s to 28s. Beans were sold !at 40s to 418 per qr. BIRTHS. Coviz.—On the 19th inst., at 12, Bridge road, Finchley road, the wife of Hugh Cowie, Esq., of a daughter. CLARK..—On the 20th inst., the wife of F. Le Gros Clark, Esq., of St. Thomas's-street, Southwark, and Lee, 1 Kent, of a son. GILES.—On the 19th inst., at The Oaks, Wimbledon-park, the wife of Alfred Gil.s, Esq., of a daughter. WILKINSON.—On the 17th inst., at 3, Hertford-street, Mayfair, Mrs, Frederic G. Wilkinson, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. iItVING—GANDY.—On the 19th inst., at St. Mary's, Win dermere, Benjamin Atkinson Irving, M.A., of 'W mere, to Mary Anne, the only daughter of the late John Gandy, Esq., of Oakland, Windermere. NORMAN—ASTON.—Ou the 19th inst., at St. Pancras Church, William Norman, Esq., of 5, Stratford-place • to Ann Isabella, eldest daughter of the late Benjamin R. Aston, Esq. Y 4 t ~~ _.