The Sun. — London, England, 1856-01-09 00:00:00

Spirit of the Public Journals. Mit. COBDEN'S PEACE P.A.MPHLET. ( From, the Times of this day.) Everybody knows that Mr. Cobden has many strong points. He can argue, he can declaim, he can sophisticate a plain question, and apparently . resolve a difficult one by sliding dexterously ov its tender places, and he has a fac ult y of throwi ng in observations which prejudice the cause he dia putes without tendering any d istinct or tangibl e issue. But one faculty Mr. C obden undoubtedly does not possess. He is an o rator, but he is no prophet. Whether it be from a defect of imagi nation, from the impossibility . he labours under of stating, a case more fairly to himself than ha does to the public, or from what other cause, wa know not, but Mr. Cobden is assuredly, of all men, the least prescient, and, even if we were to allow him to be right as to the present, the least able to form sound opinions concerning thefuturo. When, there fore, we received a pamphlet with the rather arro gant title, " What Next and Next t" implying that its gifted author can see the immediate future, and, taking his stand on that future, as if it were already present, can also unfold to us the events that are to arise out of events that have not yet arisen, the last name we should expect to see subscribed to such a high effort of the prophetic faculty is that of Richard Cobden. Even as Listo n believed himself to be a misunderstood tragedian, and Tetrarch de spised his Italian verses, which everybody reads, and trusted his immorta lit y to his Latin poems, which nobody can endure, so does Mr. Cobden co me forth to show us the things that are to be hereafter. What, then, is next, and what is next tcs that t We are to attack Nicholaieff, and it is gr aaated that we may take it ; Perekop will b e _invested, the forts of the Danube attacked, Odessa occupied, every place within fifty miles o f the Black Sea may, Mr. Cobden thinks, fall into the hands of the allies —we may inarch to Tiflis, drive the Russians from Georgia and their Transcaucasian provinces ;—" This is the next,"—the paulo-post-futurunt of the advo cate of peace, and a very pretty prospect too. Most people will think such a future worth many toils and many sacrifices, and Russia has but little reason to exult in the destiny which her advocate and her prophet foresees for her. For our part, we wish that Mr. Cobden had not made these pre dictions, for we have a thorough confidence that what he foretells will never come to pass, and be gin to despair of the fortune of the country so soon as he takes it under his patronage. Now comes the grand problem. Granted all these circumstances, what will Russia do " She will never submit," says Mr. Cobden, " because we cannot capture her capital"—a bad argument enough, for the fate of Napoleon warns us that the captare of the capital is not alone sufficient to bring her to terms ; and, secondly, because it is not in our power to put upon her a pressure by destroying her commerce and cutting off the sources .of her revenue. This argument Mr. Cobden ex pounds at great length. Russia is a Protectionist country, and it is edifying to see the old leader of the Anti-Corn Law League arguing that the Protectionist policy of Russia has indicted upon her commercial isolation, and thus made her indepen dent of foreign trade in time of war. We congra tulate Lord Derby on the possession of such a con vert, and rejoice that the cause of free trade no longer stands in need of such defence as Mr. Cobden's pacific notions can allow him to give it. Then Russia has a large internal trade and an overland commerce with Asia, which no block ading squadron can reach—forced, indeed, and unnatural, but on that account, as it now seems to the advocate of unrestricted commerce, the more sure and reliable in time of pressure. Then comes Mr. Gladstone's topic—the patriotism of Russia, and the ardour with which her religion inspires a naturally peaceful people in the cause of armed aggression and territorial annexation. But Russia has another safeguard equally strong, and, to-our mind, still more paradoxical. Russia is excessively poor, and therefore not formidable as an aggressive Power ; but she can raise every thing in kind from her own territories, and there fore is still able to support a protracted struggle. Here, then, is the sum of Mr. Cobden's argument : Russia is Protectionist, forces her trade into a wrong channel ; her people are ignorant, nn war like, and fanatical ; her revenues are scanty, and her only resource is the robbing her people of those raw materials for which she cannot pay, and from these elements of strength we are to conclude that no amount of pressure put upon her by the allies will induce her to come to such terms as are pro posed to her by Austria, whose pacific tendencies Mr. Cobden at one time could not too much ad mire. Had she been highly commercial, with a flourishing trade, an intelligent, warlike, and en lightened people, an increasing revenue, and large accumulated capital, would not the proposition have been easier of proof ? It matters not to Mr. Cobden—he could have demonstrated it by one contrary, but, as he has not got that, he is equally able to demonstrate it by the other. His view of the power of the allies presents the exact complement of the paradox. The allies are wealthy, and therefore cannot afford to spend money ; their people are well off, and therefore will not fight ; have large commercial interests, and therefore cannot afford to risk them ; have rea lised the advantages of manufactures and commerce, and therefore are better off than if, as at the be ginning of the last war, they were only going to realise them ; and, although a paper currency will enable Russia indefinitely to prolong the struggle, England and France can neither forego this expe dient nor have recourse to it without certain ruin. Thus, in war, wealth is poverty and poverty is wealth. False principles of government are stronger and better than true. Slavery is more powerful than freedom, superstition than en lightenment, and, in a word, barbarism than civili sation. Having finished prophesying, Mr. Cobden betakes himself to practical admonition, and tells us what he will do if we will only be wise enough to place our destinies in his prudent and consistent hands. First, we will withdraw every soldier from Russian ground. The reason given is cogent to a pacific, but scarcely persuasive to a magnanimous mind. We can now bring them away with safety, but it may not always be so. It may not indeed. Let us run away for fear of danger, and then, what ever becomes of our credit, we shall, at any rate, save our lives. Secondly, as to the terms of peace. The solution is simple. We are to have no terms at all. If we ask terms Russia won't grant them ; if she grant them she won't keep them. Why, then, ask for terms ? Difficulties vanish at every step. We have disbanded our army, sent our negotiators about their business, and are now confronting Russia, with her half-million of soldiers without attempting to make either peace or war. The atti tude is novel and dignified. Thirdly, by nay of bringing the matter to a speedy and satisfactory conclusion, we should plunge into German politics, and try and persuade Austria and. Prussia, " who are too wise and selfish" (convertible terms, in Mr. Cobden's opinion) " to fight now," that Germany had better make a league to resist the encroach ments of Russia for the future. This, together with our assurance that we do not intend to fight ourselves, having found the operations more un pleasant than we expected, will, no doubt, rouse the German nation to vigorous and united action, and strike a terror into the councils of Russia which the capture " of part of Sebastopol " has failed to inspire. If we fail in this mission, as even Mr. Cobden admits that we may, we must reconsider our Views—conclud e , on the authority of Russian ised Germany, that our alarm was unfounded, and repent in sackcloth and ashes for having doubted the good intentions of the Czar. Then follows an act of penance. The United States keep no ships of war of their own, and naturally do not like our keeping any. We must please them at any price; and, h tlion, it would be degrading to Russia to reduce a singl e ship at the bidding of a foreign State, such a course would be both honourable and expedient to Eng and. This, then, is Mr. Cobden's advice :—Withdraw your army, disarm your fleet, try to bring Ger many over to your opinion, and, if you cannot do that, adopt hers ; but, whatever you do, leave the Russian army and the Russian fleet intact, demand no terms from Russia, but leave Turkey, Sweden, and Norway to her vengeance, and spin cottons and calicoes until the inevitable hour shall arrive when by a pacific triumph—for a nation that has done this can never draw the sword again—the Greek cross shall flaunt from the dome of St. Paul's, and a Picture of the Trinity be worshipped by our " li ghtened conquerors in the Cathedral of West minster. (Prom the Daily News of this day.) Of course soniethinu must Cobden's Pamphlet, he said about Mr. because it is Mr. Cobden's. Had it been anonymous, no one would have dee m e d it worthy of a remark-- no one would have taken the trouble to toil through its forty eight closely printed pages of irrele vant statistics, self-contradic tions, and conclusions which have nothing to do with their premises: But as Mr. Cobden's name is on the title-page people will talk about it, and will ins:st upon being told what others think of it. We will attempt to describe it. More we cannot pretend to do. It is one of those rambling, inco herent, misty productions, which convince nobody, and yet cannot be answered, because they present nothing tangible to lay hold of. Mr. Cobden begins by declaring that he will leave out of view altogether the objects of the wai,. " In the following remaks all allusion to the ori ginal cause of the war with Russia has been stu- THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESD:A.Y EVENING, JANUARY 9, 1856, diously avoided, and I therefore venture to hope that the most strenuous supporters of the war and the most ardent advocates of peace may meet ou common ground to discuss the probabilities of the future." It would certainly be convenient for Mr. Cobden if he could persuade the supporters of the war to agree to this proposal. His aim is to show that to coerce Russia is a difficult and dangerous undertaking. This nobody denies ; though few think it quite so difficult and dangerous as Mr. Cobden professes to do. Now the only valid rea son men. can have for engaging in any dangerous or difficult enterprise is the importance of the ob jects sought to be attained. When Mr. Cobden, therefore, invites the supporters of the war to leave its objects out of consideration, he coolly invites them to take part in a one-sided debate, in which he shall be at liberty to bring forward all hie argu ments and they shall not be allowed to state theirs. With singular inconsequence, Mr. Cobden, after declaring that he will leave out of view the objects of the war, proceeds to declare in the very next page that " the war entered into by France and England must be carried on without intermission until peace is concluded with Turkey." This axiom he follows up by what is meant to be a demonstra tion that France and England cannot compel Rus sia to make peace with Turkey. What is this but to argue that the war ought to be abandoned be cause its object is unattainable ? And this is what Mr. Cobden calls " studiously avoiding all allusion to the original cause of the war." The attempt to demonstrate that the object of the war is unattain able is quite worthy of this flagrant inconsistency. Mr. Cobden maintains that Russia cannot be com pelled to come to terms, unless by the occupation of its metropolis or the blockade of its ports. Its metropolis, he maintains, is unassailable, because " the example and fate of Napoleon will for ever forbid an invasion of the interior of Russia," and " Petersburg stands twenty miles above Cronstadt, on a shallow river." The blockade of its ports, Mr. Cobden declares, will be perfectly inefficient, because the protectionist policy of Russia has ren dered it independent of sea-borne commerce. Be fore making this assertion Mr. Cobden ought to have taken the trouble to inquire what proportion the Customs duties of Russia bear to the whole revenue of the empire, and what proportion the Customs duties levied in the ports bear to the whole revenue derived from Customs duties. On this point he maintains a prudent silence. It is not without a reason that he shirks this important part of the question. He assumes that Russia can protract the struggle indefinitely, because it grows more than enough of food to provision its armies. He leaves out of view, that even in Russia money must be paid for munitions of war, for the transport of sol diers and military stores, and for other purposes ; and that to this end the Government must have money as well as corn and beeves. In the dozen pages which Mr. Cobden devotes to a dissertation on the Protectionist policy of Russia and its internal trade—which might not be alto gether valueless in a discussion on commercial policy, but which is rendered inapplicable to the question of war or peace by the suppressions we have pointed out—a passage occurs too character istic to be passed over without notice. Alluding to some writers who have published remarks onßussia, he says, sneeringly:—" These gentlemen have, I doubt not, travelled longer and further in Russia than myself. My only advantage has been, that I had possibly an eye and ear more open to the com mercial movements and the economical resources of the country." Mr. Cobden likes to put down an antagonist, when debating about any foreign coun try, by declaring he has seen it with his own eyes. In this lie reminds us of a Scotch humourist of our acquaintance, who on the strength of his having once crossed the Tweed, and spent half-an-hour in England, took upon him to lay down the law on all questions regarding English pronunciation. What our deceased friend did in jest Mr. Cobden is continually doing in dead earnest. He has visited several foreign countries, but has not resided in any one long enough to know it from personal ob servation. His flying visit to Russia was comical enough. He does not speak or understand one word of the language. His departure from Berlin was telegraphed to St. Petersburg. He was taken possession of at the frontier by a Government official appointed to receive him ; and passed , from the hands of one official to another, like a bale of goods, till he left the country. He saw 1 nothing but what they were pleased he should see; everything he was told was interpreted to him by them. He spent one forenoon at the fair of Nishnei- Novgorod, and remained in each of the other places he visited a corresponding length of time. He proceeded straight from the Prussian frontier to Moscow and Nishnei-Novgorod, and thence to St. Petersburg. In short, he saw as much of Russia, and had as good opportunities of making observa tions while in it, as Lord Macartney and his suite enjoyed in China on their mission to Pekin. And , on the strength of this he presumes to pass off his plentiful lack of knowledge on the public as irre , fragable wisdom. Slr. Cobden next proceeds to descant on the pa triotism and love of country of the Russians, and the finances of Russia. He scarcely makes an as sertion that is not contradicted by well-known facts, or by himself in some subsequent page, or that does not rest upon confessedly unreliable evidence. " There is no greater delusion in the world than that which attributes to the Russian people a desire to overrun and occupy, like the Goths and Huns, any part of Western Europe." To what, then, are we to attribute the annexation of Finland, the Baltic provinces, Poland and Bessa rabia to the empire'—to what the repeated attempts to seize on Wallachia and Moldavia ?—to what the machinations which had in view the annexation of Hungary ? " The Russian," he says again, " pos sesses in an eminent degree the organ to which phrenologists have given the name of 'adhesive ness.' Ho is passionately wedded to his village home." Yet in another page we find him asserting, " There is no other country, with the exception of the United States, where the inhabitants will un dertake such long journeys by road or river as in Russia." Again : " With the exception of the dis position to encroach upon neighbouring Mahometan countries" [such as Finland, the Baltic provinces, and Poland], " the people feel no interest in fo reign politics, and the intervention in the affairs of Europe excites no sympathy in Russia. On the contrary, I found among the old Russian party' at Moscow a spirit of hostility to the in cessant interference of the Czar in the politics of the West. In fact, the foreign policy of the late reign was very much the offspring of the personal character of Nicholas." Wherein did the foreign policy of the reign of Nicholas differ from that of the reigns of Peter 1., Catherine 11., and Alexander I.? Were not the ministers of these monarchs Menschikoffs, Orloffs, and Potemkins ? What is the foreign policy of the reign of Alexander II.? This last question Mr. Cobden hashimself answered. " There is not a fact or conjecture respecting the finances of France that has not been passed in re view at St. Petersburg, where everything con nected with the resources of the Allies in men and in..ney is as well known as in Paris or London." Could this information be obtained without the aid of a permanently organised system of local espionage ? And does the maintenance of such a eystem look like a want of interest in the politics of Western Europe ? As an illustration of Mr. Cobden's estimate of the value of his own authori ties, take the following:—" I subjoin a detailed account of the income and expenditure of the Rus sian Government, which I obtained at St. Peters burg. The accounts are of old date, and for various years; and although I have no reason to doubt in the main their correctness, yet I do not offer them as of any statistical value." And yet he expects his readers to accept the inferences he draws from these out-of-date, unreliable documents. He could have got more recent and more trustworthy ac counts in von Reden ; but then he could not have prefaced them with, " I obtained them at St. Petersburg." But we must hasten to Mr. Cobden's exposition of " what course I should take if I were, without reference to the past, responsible for the policy of the c oun t ry. " M r. C o bd en ' s sc h eme o f a future foreig n policy for England has, indeed, no con ceivable connection with the previous disser tation, but it may be au object of curiosity as the programme of Cobden the expectant Premier of Great Britain. In the first Place, then, Mr. Cobden "would seek, above all things, to withdraw every British ' soldier from Russian territory." assigns is :—" O ur army may now b e brought away without further l oss or discredit relatsomn_ llht ay e not always be so." In the second place, " with regard to the terms of a peace I should attach no value whatever to the promises of Russia." In the third place, lie would rely upon a tri partite treaty of Austria with France and F_'inglalid to make Germany the bulwark of Western Europe against Russian aggression. In the fourth place, if he could not prevail upon Austria to enter into such a treaty, he "should be (reposed to reconsider his own views on the sub ject, and doubt whether ho had not been led away by an exag g erated alarm." Mr. Cobden, it is obvious, has studied honest Doyberry to good purpose. Doyberry. * This is your charge ; you shall comprehend all vagrom men ; you are to bid every man stand in the Prince's name. 2d Watch. But if 'a will not stand 1 Dogberry. Why, then take no note of him, but let him gu ; and presently ca'l the rest of the watch to gether, and thank God you are rid of a knave. And lastly, in the fifth place, " I would not risk the life of an Englibliman, or spend another slid ling, for the barren triumph of extorting pacific pledges from the Russian Government ; and hay ing come to this determination, there would no longer be any obstacle to peace." Under this head Mr. Cobden adds that, " whilst attaching no value to the limitation of the number of Russian ships, exclusively," he would try to persuade France and England to reduce their naval estab lishments at the close of the war, although (or because—it does not clearly appear which) there appears to be a growing desire in the United States to increase their navy. Believing it impossible to persuade or compel one State to diminish its naval force, Mr. Cobden would try his hand on three or four. Really it would be sheer waste of time to throw away a word in the way of criticism on the foreign policy of Mr Premier Cobden. Naval and Military Intelligence. The Colossus, 81, screw ship, Captain Robinson, was taken into dock yesterday at Portsmouth to complete her refit for the ensuing Baltic campaign. The Blenheim, 60, screw block-ship, Capt. W. H. Hall, was taken out of dock at Portsmouth yesterday after a refit. The Brodlisk, 6, paddle-sloop, Commander Jenner, was taken into the steam basin yesterday at Portsmouth for repairs. The Norman steam-transport left Portsmouth yesterday afternoon for the Thames. The Vivid, paddle-wheel steam despatch boat, Master Commander W. H. Allen, left Portsmouth on Monday night for the eastward. The Avon steam-transport, Second Master Veitch, left Ports mouth on Monday night with supernumeraries for the eastward, and the Rbadamanthus left yesterday also for the eastward, to ship more machinery for the vessels in the engineers' hands at Portsmouth. Her Majesty's steam-sloop Vesuvius, 6, Commander Hore, arrived at Spithead yesterday from the Black Sea. The Borussia, No. 33 transport, arrived yesterday from Liverpool to take in troops, &c. The new screw steam-ship Belgique, Capt. Tack, which left Antwerp on the 30th of December, and Southamp ton on Sunday morning, with passengers and Belgian mails for New York, put back to Plymouth Sound dis abled yesterday afternoon. She got as far as 90 miles west of the Lizard on Monday afternoon at 4 o'clock, when it was found that there were 18 inches of water in her hold, and that three of her pumps were choked; her fireplaces and cylinders are only four feet from the bottom of the ship, and the master took the precaution to be speak the assistance of the passengers to throw the cargo overboard in case of emergency. The leak was kept under by the two engine pumps, and against a strong easterly wind she returned to Plymouth in about 23 hours. The gun-boat Bustard, Lieut. W. Hewett (acting) com mander, move d down from Woolwich basin yesterday morning to the Arsenal wharf to receive her ammunition and sea stock. Her Majesty's steam-sloop Pearl was re moved from the inner to the outer basin and placed under the sheers for the purpose of coaling. The crew of the Conqueror, 100, Capt. T. C. Symonds, at Plymouth, got up fore, main, and mizen topmast rigging on Monday. The paddle-wheel steam-frigate Sampson, from Ports mouth, with seamen belonging to the Neptune, 120, Capt. Hutton, arrived at Plymouth on Sunday, and left on Monday for Portsmouth. The Albion, 90 was warped on Monday to the sheer hulk in Hamoaze to have bor masts taken out. Among the horses landed from the steam-transport Cambrian at Plymouth on Monday was a beautiful Arab, a present to Lord Hardinge, the General-Com manding-in-Chief. So great is the facility in reuniting the disjointed tim bars composing the experimental mortar raft at Wool wich, that in three hours after receiving the pontoon ey;inders, which have been repaired and strengthened, the raft was again in service order. This is an important item in this newly-invented species of raft, showing the ready manner in which it may be trausferred to any destination. Their Serene Highnesses Prince Edward and Prince Gustavus of Saxe-Weimar, attended by Col. Hamilton, Grenadier Guards, and two subaltern officers, paid a visit to Woolwich Arsenal yesterday morning, where they were officially attended by Col. Wilmot, Colonel Tulloh, Capt. Boxer, and Capt. Orr, representing the departmental government of the Arsenal. The visitors were conducted in the usual manner through the foun dries, various workshops, and laboratories, and repeatedly expressed their gratification as they were shown the working of the huge and powerful machinery. Before leaving the Arsenal the Princes expressed their convic tion that this important establishment was unrivalled in Europe. The adjutants of her Majesty's corps of Royal Engi neers, at Woolwich, have resolved on presenting to Quartermaster Bradford. on his recent promotion, as a testimony of their appreciation of his worth, an elegant sword, on which the following is to be engraved : " Presented to Quartermaster Michael Bradford, Royal Engineers, by the following officers who served as Act ing-Adjutants to the corps at Woolwich during the time he was Serjeant-Major there, as a mark of their esteem and regard for his character and conduct :—Capt. Theo dosius Webb, Capt. G. Ross, Capt. Fitzroy Somerset, Capt. Francis Cox, Lieut. G. Lempriere, Royal Engi neers." The authorities of the Horse Guards have forwarded an order to the Commandant of Chatham garrison to hold in read:ness the men of the various depots in the provisional battalion on the Indian establishment who have gone through a course of instruction at the school of musketry at Hythe, and have qualified themselves for instructors in the use of the Enfield rifle, to embark for the several presidencies in India, to enable the Corn. mander of the Forces in that country to carry out the orders on this head. The following are the depots from which instructors will be selected :—For the Bengal _ _ station—the 10th, 32d, 35th, 6th, and 95th Regiments, one from each depot ; for Bombay—the 64th, 78th, 83d, Bth, and 80th Regiments, one man from the first three and two from the latter; for Madras —the 74th and 84th Regiments, four instructors from the former and one from the latter, APPOINTMENTS. The following appeared in our late edition laii night : COM3JANDERS. Fairfax Moresby, to the Sappho. W. T. Bate, to the Mariner, Tice Cochran, invalided LIEUTENANTS. H. T. Ryves, to the Impregnable. Douglas Walker, to the Devastation. MATE. Thomas T. Mackenzie (acting), to the Intrepid. SURGEON. Hugh O'Hagan, to the Impregnable. ASSISTANT-SURGEON. Robert Madden (acting), to 11.181ar Hogpit STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER, JAN. S. The market for cotton cloths has been quiet, but prices have not given way, and the extent to which manufacturers are still under engagement prevents many goods being pressed upon buyers. In yarns the quiet ness is not so uniform. Buyers report in some cases that they hare obtained twist at rather easier prices, but sellers have in some instances done a fair business, and in low numbers rather better prices hare been obtained. The general report is ono of quietness, with steady prices. The stoppage of an old and respected spinning and manufacturing house is reported, but the public will not be sufferers, the stoppage arising principally out of new family arrangements. Messrs. Joh❑ Slagg and Co. report :—" There is no new feature in the market to-day. Transactions con tinue to be on a very small scale, and prices are un. changed." LEEDS, JAN. 8. The woollen cloth markets this morning have been marked by tho same cheerful tone that we have had to point out as the characteristic of the last two or three markets. There has been a fair amount of cloth, in cluding the middle and better qualities, as well as those of a commoner kind, sold. Merchants appear to be re plenishing their stocks for the spring trade. Prices are firm, and have blightly improved for the all-wool sorts of fabrics. The price of the raw material (wool) is very firm, with an upward tendency. The manufacturers throughout this district are gradually increasing their work, giving employment to more hands or running longer time, so that the year opens well for the opera tive as well as for the master manufacturer. I❑ some of the outlying towns of this district a good amount of work is doing for army and navy orders, and in the immed , ate neighbourhood of Leeds some extensive orders for Spanish stripes and other fabrics for the East Indies and China have been given out. The Leeds Intelligencer of this morning thus speaks of the present position and prospects of the woollen trade : "Trade continues to show an improved tone, and se veral large London buyers have been down during the week, makin g purchases chi e fly i n ant i cipation of the spring demand. In the warehouses generally there is more doing for the home trade, and the American orders are double those of last year. The hall markets show little alteration, but the stocks on hand do not accumu late to any large extent. Manufacturers are remark. ably well employed, and have large orders on hand. Now that the accounts of 1855 are straightened, and balances aro struck, the amount of business which has been transacted at a remunerative profit is most extra ordinary, and the woollen trade is another example of the slight influence wlo'cli the war has had on the com merce of the country. With many the past year has been better than the preceding ; and if the gross returns have in most instances been smaller, the absence of heavy losses, as in 1854, must be considered as a campensa time It is an open question whether, taking the trade as a whole, it has net been beeefitted rather than in jured by the war, and whether the advantages of large Government and foreign contracts have not outweighed any evils arising from monetary prgssure and a co), traete , l home trade. Nor must the latter feature le laid altogether to the account of the war. A severe check was certain to follow the reckless overtrading of the last few years, and if it had been further delayed the reaction would have been all the more violent when it did come. Present prospects are good. The foreign trade suffers no interruption ; the colonial markets arc no longer choked with goods, and are returning to a more healthy state ; at home stocks of every description are light, both in the wholesale and retail trade. There is a general determination on the part of the merchant; to act cautiously, and on the part of the manufacturers to work only to order." In reference to another point of our staple trade, we copy the following from antother article in the same journal:— . " The American market at present is that which offer■ the most probable continuance of enjoyment generally ; for the condition of the continent of Europe may be so changed in a commercial point of view this year, in con sequence of the war, that wee• may hardly know what reliance to place upon its (ni atom. And, in fact, in many parts of it our trade Las declined so much of late years that we seem to have kegs and less to expect thence, without even reference to the war. Austria, for in stance, in whose territories there was a gradual falling off of trade with this country between 1846 and 1852 of 7 per cent., exhibits a specific falling off in woollen, worsted, hosiery, and small wares between 1852 and 1854 of not less than 13 per cent. ; while she has in creased the declared value of her purchases of steam engines and machinery in the same two years equal to 191 per cent. We look upon this increase as significant of the fact that her population is becoming employed on English models, if not on English machinery, in weaving such pieces as she used to buy ; and that, as coming events cast their shadows before, so our manufacturers are to learn from it that some of the old markets for English goods are likely to be narrowed rather than widened; and that others must be sought among popu lations less settled, and therefore less capable of turning their attention to the arts of peace. If there is much competition among the manufacturers between now and May wool will necessarily be dearer. If that competi tion be legitimate the prices of goods will rise. We are thankful to see the very great caution which the manu facturers, as a body, are displaying ; and the end of it will be that, if large fortunes are not made so fast, they will be the more safely kept when they are made." HUDDERSFIELD, JAN. 8. There has been a decided improvement in the market to-day. More buyers attended, and the transactions effected were of a more extensive character than for some time past. Black and steel doeskins and mixtures are principally in request ; other kinds are also in good de mand. Wool firm, but in fair request. From the London Gazette of Last Night. At the Court at Windsor, the 21st day of Nov., 1855, present, the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in Council. Whereas by an Act passed in the session of Parlia ment, holden in the sixteenth and seventeenth years of the reign of her present Majesty, intituled " An Act to amend and. consolidate the laws relating to the Cus• toms of the United Kingdom and of the Isle of Man, and certain laws relating to trade and navigation, and the British possessions," it is enacted that, "if the legis lature, or proper legislative authority, of any of the Britith possessions abroad, shall present an address to her Majesty, praying her Majesty to authorise or permit the conveyance of goods or passengers from ono part of such possession to another part thereof, in other than British ships, it shall thereupon be lawful for her Ma jesty, by Order in Council, so to authorise the convey ance of such goods or passengers, on such terms and under such conditions as to her Majesty may seem good." And whereas an address has been presented to her Majesty, by the Legislative Council of Ceylon, praying her Majesty to authorise and permit the conveyance of goods and passengers from one part of that island to any other part of the same in other than British ships : - Now, therefore, her Majesty, by and with the advice of her Privy Council, and in virtue of the authority committed to her by the said recited Act, doth order, and it is hereby ordered, that from and after the day of the date of this Order, goods and passengers may be conveyed from one part of tlse Island of Ceylon to an other part thereof, in other than British ships. And the Right Hon. the Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury, and the Right Hon. Henry Labou chere, one of her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, are to give the necessary directions herein, as to them may respectively appertain. WM. L. BATHURST. At:the Court at Windsor, the 7th day of Dec., 1855, present, the Queen' s Most Excellent Majesty in Council. Whereas by an Act, passed in the session of Parlia ment, holden in the sixteenth and seventeenth years of the reign of her pres e nt Majesty, intituled " An Act to amend and consolidate the laws relating to the customs of the United Kingdom and of the Isle of Man, and cer tain laws relating to trade and navigation and the Bri• tish possessions," it is enacted that " if the Legislature or proper legislative authority of any of the British peg se.sions abroad shall present an address to her Ma jesty, praying her Majesty to authorise or permit the conveyance of goods or passengers from one part of such possession to another part thereof, in other than British ships, it shall thereupon be lawful for her Majesty, by Order in Ceunoil, so to authorise the conveyance of such goods or passengers on such terms and under such conditions as to her Majesty may seem good." And whereas an address has been presented to her Majesty by the Legislative Council and the House of Assembly of the Cape of Good Hope, praying her Ma jesty to authorise and permit the conveyance of goods and passengers from one port of that colony to any other port of the same in other than British vessels. Now, therefore, her Majesty, by and with the advice of her Privy Council, and in virtue of the authority com mitted to her by the said recited act, doth order, and it is hereby ordered, that from and after the day of the date of this order, goods and passengers may be conveyed from any one port of the colony of the Cape of Good Hope to any other port thereof in other than British ships. _ _ . And the Right Honourable the Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury and the Right Hon. Henry Lahouchere, one of her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, are to give the necessary directions herein as to them may respectively appertain. C. C. GREVILLS. witted to retire from the service by the sale of his corn mission. 49th Foot—Staff-Sur geon of the Second Class Jam es Hamilton Bews to b e Surgeon,' vice Davies, promoted on the Staff. 51st Foot—Capt. Henry Edmund Austen, from half-pay Sub-Inspector of Militia, to be Captain, vice Crookehank, who exchanges ; Li e ut. Chas. Acton to be Captain, by purchase, vice Austen, who retires ; Ensign Dunlop Gloag to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Acton ; Wm. Henry Saunders, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase vice Gloag. 53d Foot—Lieut. B. W a lt on to be Captain, by pur chase, vice Wedderburno, who retires. 63d Foot—Lieutenant K. B. Stuart to be Captain, with out purchase, vice Fraser, deceased ; Ensign G. de Lacy Lacy to be Lieutenant without purchase, vice Stuart. 65th Foot—Andrew John Hicks, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Lewis, promoted. 67th Foot—Assistant-Surgeon Charles Augustus Shiell, from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Duff, pro moted on the Staff. 68th Foot—Ensign C. E. Beaty-Pownall to be Lieute nant, by purchase, vice Watson, who retires. 69th Foot—Acting Assistant-Surgeon James Robert Crawford t) be Assistant-Surgeon. 76th Foot—The restoration from half-pay 88th Foot to full-pay of Captain James Young, vice Senhouse, who ex changes, as also the two brevet steps of the former officer, as well as the promotion of Lieutenant Preston, as stated in the Gazette of the 28th ultimo, have been cancelled. 82d Foot—Ensign Frederick Holyar, from the 40th Foot, to be Ensign, without purchase. 84th Foot—Captain Honourable Augustus H. A. An son, from the Rifle Brigade, to be Captain, vice Stewart, who exchanges. 85th Foot—Lieutenant Montagu Barton to be Captain, by purchase, vice Manners, promoted by purchase, to an Unattached Majority. 89th Foot—Ensign Netterville J. Barron to be Lieute nant, without purchase, vice J. W. Gray, deceased ; Lieu tenant James Pott, from the Edinburgh County Militia, to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Barron. 92d Foot—Ensign Alexander Forbes Mackay to be Lieu tenant, by purchase, vice Beetham, who retires ; William Grisdale Hicks, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Mackay. 93d Foot—Lieut. R. S. Williams to bo Captain, without purchase, vice Brevet-Major R. L. Ross, whose Brevet Rank has been converted into Substantive Rank, under the Royal Warrant of 6th October, 1851; Ensign Fitzßoy McPherson to be Lieutenant, without purchase, ♦ice Wil liams ; Lieut. W. F. Fullarton, from the 2d Royal Lanark Militia, to be Ensign, without purchase, vice McPherson. 95th Foot—Captain C. J. Patterson, from the 2d West India Regiment, to be Captain, vice Hill, who exchanges ; Captain G. Bros n, of the 95th Foot, to be Paymaster, ♦ice Wethered, appointed to a Depot Battalion. Rifle Brigade—Captain R. C. Stewart, from the 81th Foot, to be Captain vice Hon. A. H. A. Anson, who ex changes ; Lieut. W. Norris to be Captain, by purchase, vice the Hon. H. W. Campbell, appointed to the Cold stream Guards ; Ensign G. M. L. Egerton to be Lieuten ant, by purchase, vice Norris ; E. H. Chamberlsin,Gont., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Egerton. 2 i West India Regiment—Captain William Hill, from the 95th Foot, to be Captain, vice Patterson, who ex changes. Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment—Alexander Moore Armstrong, Gent., to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Donald, appointed to the 10th Foot. Gold Coast Corps—Henry Butts Bernard Owen, Gent., to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Andrews, promoted. LAND TRANSPORT CORPS. The appointment of Second Captain William Handyside to bear date the 7th Sept. ' 1855, instead of the 25th of that month, a s previously stated. The surname of the Cornet appointed on 23d Nov., 1855, is Gatt, and not Galt, as previously stated. BRITISH GER➢IAN LEGION. 3d Jagor Corps—The name of the Lieutenant, appointed in the Gazette of tho 28th ultimo, with date 25th July, 1855, is Paul von Suenson, and not Paul von Shepsop, as previously stated. BRITISH ITALIAN LEGION. Robert William Burdett Desinges, Esq., to be Pay m aster. 2d Regiment—Captain Robert Crauford, late Rifle Bri gade, to' be Major. PROVISIONAL DEPOT BATTALION. Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Ferdinand White, C. 8., from half-pay, Unattached, to bo Major ' vice Brevet-Lieutenant- Colonel E. A. J. Muller, who exchanges. 14, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; Stubbs, Moorgate-street. Elizabeth Benson and Sarah Benson, hotel keepers, Mansfield-street, Portland-place, Jan. '2, at two, and Feb. 19, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Stausfeld, offi cial assignee ; Eland, Trafalgar-square. William Thomas, sail maker and ship chandler, Cardiff, Glamorganshire, Jan. 22 and Feb. 19, a t e l even , a t th e Bristol District Court. Acraman, official assignee, Bristol; Bevan, Bristol. _ _ John Hardman and Company, iron founders, Sutton, Lancashire, Jan. 17 and Feb. 13, at eleven, at Liverpool. Bird, official assignee, Liverpool ; Bretherton, Liverpool. John Doakin, joiner, Sheffield, Jan. 26 and Feb. 23, at ten, at Sheffield. Brewin, official assignee, Sheffield ; Chambers and Waterhouse, Sheffield. Joseph Johns, innkeeper, Hertford, Jan.l7, at two, and Feb. 21, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Joh❑son, official assignee, Basinghall.street ; Mason and Sturt, Gresham-street ; Longmore, Sworder, and Longmore, Hertford. John Page, coach builder, Chelmsford, Jan. 22, at two, and Feb. 19, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Sambrook-count, Basinghall• tr6et ; Prall, jun., Essex-street, Strand. Joseph Hughes, manufacturer, Manchester, Jan. 18 and Feb. 8, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Hernaman, official assignee, Manchester ; Leaning, Man chester. Bancroft Pierpoint Brooke, grocer, Heaton Norris, Jan. 21, and Feb. 11, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Fraser, official assignee, Manchester ; Higson and Robinson, Manchester. James Craggs Herring and William Hen ing, merchants, West Boldon, Durham, Jan. 23, at eleven, and Feb. 12, at one, at the Newcastle-upon-Tyne District Court. Baker, official aseignee, Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; Kidson, Sunder land ; Pringle, Shum, Wilson, and Crossman, King's-road, Bed ford-row. Charles Slorach, lace manufacturer, Nottingham, Jan. 22, and Feb. 12, at half-past ten, at the Birmingham Dis trict Court. Harris, official assignee, Nottingham ; Bow ley, Nottingham; Hodgson and Allen, Birmingham. Edward Ladd, draper, Cambridge, Jan. 1 7 , at half-past one, and Feb. 19, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; Bristow and Tarrant, Walbrook ; Bell, Cambridge. DIVIDENDS DECLARED. Benjamin Newton, of Brighton, brush manufacturer, first dividend of 2s. 10d. in the pound, payable at 20, Al dermanbury, on Wednesday, Jan. 9, and three subsequent Wednesdays. Henry Adams, of Uxbridge, mealman, first divideni of ss. 9d. in the pound, payable at 2, Basingh,ll-street, on any Wednesday. Vrancis Lloyd Bayley and Samuel Milner Barton, of Manchester, small ware manufacturer, first dividend of 6s. 2d. in the pound, payable at 69, Princes-street, Man chester, on any Tuesday. James Fenton, of Crawshaw Booth, Lancashire, cotton manufacturer, first dividend of i s . lOid. i n th e poun d, payable at 69:Princess-street, Manchester, on any Tuesday. Alexander Jackson, of Manchester, clock manufacturer, first dividend of 10s. 3d. in the pound, payable at 6.), Prin cess-street, Manchester, on any Tuesday. William Riley, James Lupton, .R bert Halstead, and John Haworth, of Burnley, Lancashire, cloth manufac turers, first dividend of Bs. lOid. in the pound, payable at 69, Princess-street, Manchester, on any Toes ay. Isaac Thornil e y, of Bardsley:Lancashire. cotton spinner, second dividend of 10.3 d. in the pound, payable at 69, Princess-street, Manchester, on any Tuesday. John Manley, of Manchester, machine maker, first divi dend of ls. 51d. in the pound, payable at 69, Princess street, Manchester, on any Tuesday. Charles Phillip 4, of Weston-super-Mare, and of Burn ham, Somersetshire, potter, dividend of is. 10d. in the pound, payable at 19, St. Augustine's-place, Bristol, on any Wednesday. Geo. B. Pouting, Devizes, Wiltshire, innkeeper, a divi dend of 3s. 6d. in the pound, payable at 19, St. Augus tine's-place, Bristol, on any Wednesday. FOREIGN OFFICE, DM. 3. The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint James Brant, Esq., now her Majesty's Consul at Erzeroum, to be her Majesty's Consul at Damascus. FOREIGN OFFICE, DEC. 31. • • The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Charles Wilthew, Esq., now her Majesty's Consul at Aca pulco, to be her Majesty's Consul at Islay. . . FOREIGN OFFICE, JAN. 5. The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. John Edward Naylor as Consul at Liverpool for the Republic of I'oru. BOARD OF TRADE, WHITEHALL, JAN. 7. Tho Right Honourable the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade and Plantations have received, through the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a copy of a despatch from her Majesty's Agent and Consul-Gene ral in Egypt, reporting that the Viceroy of that country has revoked the decree prohibiting the export of grain from the Egyptian dominions. BOARD OF TRADE, WHITEHALL, JAN. 8. The Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade and Plantations have received,ahrough the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a copy of a note addrested by Count Walewski to her Majesty's Ambassador at Paris, stating that, in consequence of a representation from her Majesty's oovernment, the French Government has con sented to allow British passenger steamers, which are by law obliged to carry a cannon and twelve charges of pow der for making signals, to enter and quit French ports without depositing on shore the powder carried. WAR DEPARTMENT, JAN. 8. Royal Regiment of Horse Guards—Cornet George Bull, from the 11th Light Dragoons, to be Cornet without pur chase; and Adjutant vice Sutton promoted. sth Dragoon Guards—Cornet A. W. Travers to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Bolton, who retires. 3d Light Dragoons—Captain Sir P. A. Halkett, Bart., from the 42d Foot, to be Captain, vise Kauntze, who ex changes. 15th Light Dragoons —Captain James Young, from half • pay 88th Foot, to be Captain, vice Thomas J. Kearney, who exchanges, receiving the difference between cavalry and infantry ; Lieutenant Lord Walter Charles M. D. Scott to be Captain, by purchase, vice Young, who re tires; Cornet Robert Lesley Parker to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Lord W. C. M. D. Scott. Royal Artillery—The undermentioned Gentlemen Cadets to be Lieutenants, viz :—Edward Augustus Slessor, Louis Charles Augustus Adrian De Cetto, Henry Anderson, Charles Trench, H en ry Colebrook Lewis, the Hon. Ralph Vare, and Arthur Sutherland Macartney. Royal Engineers The undermentioned Gentlemen Cadets to be Lieutenants, via.:—John Knox Tisdall, William Gustavus Temple Stace, and John Barrett Len nard. Royal Sappers and Miners — Lieutenant-Colonel Freda- Rval Engi neers , t o b e A ss i s t an t rick Augustus Yorke , Adjutant-General ; Second Captain Francis Edward Cox, Royal Engineers, to be Adjutant ; Serjeant-Major Michael Bradford, Royal Sappers and Miners, to be Quartermaster. Grenadier Guards—The Honourable William Edward Sackville West to be Ensign and Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Honourable A. Poulet, promoted ; Henry Osborne Gould, Gent., to be Ensign and Lieutenant, by purchase, Tice Ferguson, promoted. Ist Regiment of Foot—Ensign Frederick Alban to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Todd, promoted. 3,1 Foot—A. L. Coussmaker to be Captain, without purchase, vice Brevet-Major Charles Hood, whose Brevet Rank has been converted into Substantive Rank, under the Royal Warrant of 6th October, 1854 ; Ensign John Awdry to be Lieutenant, without purchase, vice Cones maker. 6th Foot—Captain H. E. Jones, from the 25th Foot, to be Captain, vice Spoor, who exchanges. 7th Foot—Brevet-Major C. E. Watson to be Major, without purchase, vice Rose, whose promotion without purchase on 19th August, 1835, has been cancelled ; Lieu tenant Chas. R. Mare, from the 43d Foot, to be Captain, by purchase, vice Rose, who retires. 14th Foot—Lieutenant William Bangor Bower to be Captain, without purchase, vice Townsend, deceased ; Ensign Arthur Molony to be Lieutenant, without pur hese, vice Bower. 23d Foot—Serjeant-Major William Honey Smith to be Quartermaster, vice Aston, appointed Paymaster.. 25th Foot---•oaptain N. A. Spoor, from the 6th Foot, to be Captain, vice Jones, who exchanges. 30th Foot—For Captain Edward Charles, from the Royal London Militia, to be Paymaster, vice Fitzgerald, which appeared in the Gazette of the 28th ult., read Captain Edward Charles Grant, from the Roy a l London Militia, to be Paymaster, vice Fitzgerald. 3lst Foot—Ensign J. J. Robinson to be Lieutenant, without purchase, ; vice Cromartie, deceased Lieutenant Charles G a b r i e l Alfred Barnes, from the West Essex Militia, to be Ensi gn , without purchase, vice Robinson. 36th Foot—Ensign H. E. Willett to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Rice, promoted. 39th Foot—Ensign F. H. Chambers to be Lieutenant, without purchase, vice Daunt, deceased ; Ensign Nicholas Gosselin, from the Cavan Militia, to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Chambers. 40th Foot — Lieutenant Denis Jackson, from the North Mayo Militia, to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Helyar, appointed to the 82d Foot ,• Frederick Helyar, Gent., to be Ensign, by purcha se , v i ce O s b orne , promo t e d. 42d Foot—Captain G. E. F. Kauntze, from the 3d Light Dragoons, to be Captain, vice Sir P. A. Halkett, who ex changes. 43a Foot—Ensign Stanley Crozier to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Mure, promoted in the 7th Foot. 47th Foot—Ensign Andrew John Hicks, from the 65th Foot, to he Ensign, without purchase. 48th Puot—Lieut. Dennis James Connor has been per- UNATTACHED. Captain Herbert Russell Manners, from the 85th Foot, to be Major, by purchase. The undermentioned Officers to have their Brevet Rank converted into Substantive Rank, under the Royal War rant of 6th Oct., 1854 : Brevet-Major Robert Lockhart Ross, 03d Foot. Brevet-Major Henry Warter Meredith, 41st Foot. Brevet-Major Charles Hood, 3.1 Foot. HOSPITAL STAFF. To be Staff-Surgeon of the Fiat Class—Surgeon John Davies, from the 49th Foot, vice Cameron. To be Staff-Surgeons of the Second Class—Assistant- Surgeon William Watson Somerville, M.D., from the 69th Foot, vice Alexander Knox. M.D., placed on half-pay; A ssistant-Surgeon John Duff, M.D., from the 67th Foot, vice Bews, appointed to the 49th Foot. To be Assistant-Surgeon —Acting Assistant-Surgeon Alexander Robert Kilroy. To be Acting Assistant-Surgoons.—Yorke Hobart John son, Gent. ; Benjamin Hall, Gent.; John Alexander Harvey, Gent. ; John Goodwin, Gent. ; John Storey, Gent. ; Edward Wadham Ward, Gent.; James Bonny man, M.B. ; John Shoolbraid, M.D. ; Henry Jeremiah Mayhew, Gent. ; Archibald Hamilton Hilson, Gent. ; Curtiss Martin, Gent. ; Thomas Brickenden Blandford, Gent. ; Washington Patton, Gent. ; George Edward Whitton, Gent. BREVET. Lieutenant-Colonel Ashton Ashton Shuttleworth, of the Royal Artillery, having completed three years' service in the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, to be Colonel in the Army, under the Royal Warrant of the 3d November, 1854. Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Ackers Shone, retired full pay Royal Artillery, to be Colonel, the rank being hono rary only. Captain Henry Edmund Austen, 51st Foot, to be Major in the Army. Brevet-Major Henry Edmund Austen, 51st Foot, to bo Lieut.-Colonel in the Army. Captain James Young, 115th Light Dragoons, to be Major in the Army. Brevet-Major James Young, 15th Light Dragoons, to be Lieut.-Colonel in the Army. Brevet-Major Edwyn Sherard Burnaby, Grenadier Guards, to have the temporary rank of Lieut.-Colonel while employed in the British Italian Legion. Quartermaster Thomas Walsh, half pay 44th Foot, to have the honorary rank of Captain from the date of his retirement, under the Royal Warrant of 17th Dec., 1855. Lieutenant William Herbert Malden, of the Turkish Contingent Artillery, to have the local rank of Captain while so employed. The Commission, as Brevet-Major, of Captain and Bre vet-Major H. W. Montagu, of the Royal Engineers, to bo dated April 21, 1851 TO BE LIEUTENANT-COLONELS IN THE ARMY. Brevet-Major K. D. Mackenzie, 92d Foot. Brevet-Major J. E. Thackwell, 22d Foot. Major Edmund C. Legh, 97th Foot. TO BE 3IAJORS IN THE ARMY. Captain D. C. Greene, 43d Foot. Captain William Warty, 34th Foot. Captain W. H. Dominie Fitzgerald, Unattached. Captain Edward Newdigate, Rifle Brigade. Captain F. E. N. Tinley, 21st Foot. Captain G. E. Brown Westhead.,3lth Foot. TO DE LIEUTENANT - COLONEL IN THE A.R3IY. _ _ Brevet-Major Herbert Edwardes, C. 8., Bengal Army. TO BE MAJORS IN THE ARMY. Capt. Anthony Blake Rathborne, 24th Bombay Native Infantry. Captain James Travers, 2d Bengal Native Infantry. Captain Henry Joseph Pelly, Bth Bombay Native In fantry. Captain Edward Lechmere Russell, 12th Bombay Na tive Infantry. Captain Robert Romer Younghusband, 20th Bombay Native Infantry. Captain Henry Frederick Dunmore, 59th Bengal Na tive Infantry. Captain James Macleod Bannatyno Fraser Tytler, 37th Bengal Native Infantry. Captain John Mill, Bengal Artillery. Captain Charles Reid. 10th Bengal Native Infantry. Captain Arthur Wellington Chiclely Plowdon, 3d Ben gal Light Cavalry. Captain Richard Strachey, Bengal Engineers. Captain Richard Baird Smith, Bengal Engineers. Captain Charles Frederick North, Bombay Engineers. Captain Philip Arthur Pleydell Bonverie, 35th Bengal Native Infantry. Captain John Reid Becher, Bengal Engineers. Captain John Hill, Bombay Engineers. Captain Archibald John Maddy Boileau, Madras Engi neers. The Commissions, as Brevet-Major, of the undermen tioned Officers to be antedated as ruder Brevet-Major Francis Charles Wells, 15th Bombay Na tive Infantry, to 4th July, 1844. Brevet• Major Edward Griffith Austin, Bengal Artillery, to 14th May, 1846. Brevet-Major Murray Mackenzie, Bengal Artillery, to 30th Dec., 1846. _ _ Brevet-Major William Kerby Warner, Bengal Artillery, to Ist April, 1847. Brevet-Major Thomas Quin, 4th Bengal Light Cavalry, to 21st April, 1848. Brevet-Major Saunders Alexins Abbott, 51st Bengal Native Infantry, to 3d August, 1850. The undermentioned Non-Commissioned Officers of the Royal Artillery to have the local rank of Lieutenant in the Turkish Contingent : Company Serjeant James Therburn. Company Serjeant George Smith. Company Serjeant Mathew Nelson. Serjeant John Devine. Serjeant Conductor Neil Dogherty. Serjeant Daniel Dowling. Serjeant Conductor Robert Bruce. Serjeant John Harris. Serjeant Conductor John Devine Serjeant John Ford. Serjeant Thomas Murphy. Serjeant Samuel B ra db ur y. MEMORANDUM. Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Charles James, on half-pay 12th Foot, has been permitted to re tire from the service by the sale of his commission, ho be ing about to become a settler in Nova Scotia. COMMISSIONS SIGNED BY LORD-LIEUTENANTS. East Suffolk Militia, Artillery Corps—Jacob William Carey Whitbread, Esq., to bo Captain, vice Walker, pro moted ; Ileber Thomas Hardinge, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant. Ist Regiment of the Royal Surrey Militia—Lieutenant Stewart Forbes to be Captain. Hampshire Militia Artillery—John Annesley Brown rigg, Gent., to be Second Lieuten ant. Hereforshire Regiment of Militia—Henry Wood Willett, Gent., to he Ensign, vice Landon, appointed to the 55th Foot. Queen's Own Light Infantry Regiment of Tower Ham lets Militia—Robert Pipon, Esq., late a Captain in the King's Own Light Infantry Regiment of Militia, to be Captain, vice Jennings. King's Own Light Infantry Regiment of Militia—Lien tenant Samuel James Remnant to be Captain, vice Pipon, appointed to the Queen's Own Light Infantry Regiment of Tower Hamlets Militia. [The following Appointment is substituted for that which appeared in the Gazette of 14th December last.] Worcester Regiment of Militia—William Joseph Tibbs, Gent., to be Ensign. BANKRUPTS. Malcolm Ronald Laing 31easou, merchant, Winchester btiildings, City, to surrender, Jan. 17, at eleven, and Feb. DIVIDENDS TO BE DECLARED. Francis Wm. Fawcett and Wm. Parrott, Lisle-street, Loicester-square, boot and shoe manufacturers—Geo. A. M`Lean, High Holborn, tailor, Jan. 29—Thos. Heywood and John Heywood, Wood-street, Cheapside, and of Mel bourne, Now South Wales, lace warehouseman, Jan. 30 Thos. L. Powell, Romsey, Hampshire, cabinet maker— Thos. Giles, Saint John's-lane, Clerkenwell, wire worker —Wm. Poynter, St. Paul's Churchyard, warehouseman— Henry Alex. Douglas, Old Broad-street, merchant, Jan. 29 —Wm. Crole, jun., Rood-lane, East India, merchant — P. Cattell, Long-acre, coach maker—G. C. Long, Dartford, Kent, draper, Jan. 30—Wm. Woods and Samuel Thomas, Cheapside, wholesale hardwaremen, Jan. 29—Henry New son Brewer, Deptford, Bermondsey-wall, Bermondsey, mast and block-maker, and South-eastern Arcade, South wark, tobacconist— Wm. Ayres, Blackheath, nurseryman —Henry Brett, Portsea, grocer--Jas. Loneragan, Cam bridge-terrace, Lower-road, Islington, corn dealer—Edwd. Green, Cork-street, St. James's, Westminster, tailor— Noake Baker, Southampton, timber merchant—Samuel Adams, Wm. Bridges Adams, and Gerard Ralston, Fair Field Works, Bow (the separate estates of Samuel Adams and Gerard Ralston), engineers —Wm. Pearce, Clerken well-green, gas-fitter—Rich. Lawrence Sturtevant, Church street, Bethnal-green, soap manufacturer—Win. M'Curtin and James Scoble Riley, Liverpool, commission merchants, Jan. 31. CERTIFCATES TO BE GRANTED. Wm. Attwood, 8, Old Dorset-place, Clapham-road, grocer, Jan. 29 John Pattison, 31, Alpha-road, St. John's-wood, and 12, Park-street, Gresvenor-square, sur geon, Jan. 29—Thos. Dalby, Hythe, Kent, builder, Jan. 30—J. Laker, Maidstone, Kent, builder, Jan. 31. INSOLVENT PETITIONERS. W. Armatead, Settle, Yorkshire, licensed victualler— W. Fifield, Romsey, Hants, out of business—G. Haines, Nessington, grocer—W. Blackler, Cornbe, Devonshire, cooper—H. Shaw, Wortley, Yorkshire, commission agent —H. Parker, Wattisfield, Suffolk, blacksmith—W. New bury, Wangford, Suffolk, innkeeper—J. Lincoln, South wold, Suffolk, boot and shoemaker —R. Squirrel', Rattles don, Suffolk, shoemaker—W. H. Head, Worthing, Sussex, nurseryman—R. Ternant, Trimdon Durham, screenman—J. Smith, Yam, Yorkshire, hoot and shoe maker—W. Coats, South Shields, Durham, publican—H. Brooks, Warminster, Wilt shire, grocer—S. Astle, Fulshaw, Cheshire, butcher—C. Pitman, Bath, licensed brewer—J. Biss, Frome, Somerset shire, gardener—G. Hallet, Brighton, carpenter—E Huckerby, Brighton, plasterer—R. Rofe, Brighton, baker —J. Geary, Great Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire, chand ler's shop keeper—T. Ives, Woburn, Buckinghamshire, last maker—S. Harris, Plymouth, chief engineer, of the first class, of H.M.S. Royal William. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. G. L. Field and T. Field, Croydon, confectioners—C. W. Smerdon, .J. B. Burroughs, and W. Cross, Bristol, surgeons—R. Miller and W. Lancaster, Preston, cotton manufacturers—E. T. Allen and S. W. North, York, sur geons—J. Hoole, sen., and J. Hoole, jun., 3i, Alderman bury—W. W. Watts, C. J. Watts, and R. R. Riches, Norwich, engineers (so far as regards W. W. Watts) — Wm. Edwards, Ann Buffery, and J. Lockitt, Ludlow, gas manufacturers—E. Benyon and A. Benyon, Haverford west, Pembrokeshire, maltsters—S. Fletcher, T. Fletcher, 11. Sheldon, W. Howe, J. Nixon and T. Jones, Manches ter merchants—F. Belton, H. Bollen, and H. Buck, 1, Friday -street, Cheapside, wholesale lacemen (so far as re gards H. (Buck)—W. Teague, son., C. Teague, and W. Teague, jun., Tibberton, Gloacestershire, b u ild ers ( so f ar as regards . Teague, sen.)—W. Hicks and W. Warren Dingle, Fowoy, Cornwall, general merchants—J. S. Wood house, J. Grimshaw, and J. Grimshaw, Manchester, c..lico printers—J. Venables, A. Mann, H. Grassett, and F. Nicholls. Burslem, Staffordshire, earthenware manufactu rers (so far as regards F. Nicholls—T. G. Ward, G. Ward, and B. Ward, Leeds, woollen merchants (so far as regards G. Ward)—H. Holman, R. Weekes, Geo. Weekes, and H. M. Holman. of Hurstpierpoint, surgeons—W. Ward ' low, Charles M'lndoe, and Sun. Hodgkinson, Manchester, and Glasgow, commission merchants (so far as regards S. Hodgkinson) —S. Weller and E. Turner, 2, Pol lington-villas, Upper Holloway, dressmakers—W. Long ley and E. Longley, Sheffield, scissors manufacturers—G. B. Seyfang and R. E. Taylor, 57, Farringdon-street, City, printers—G. Snellgrove and J. Snellgrove, Newport, Isle of Wight, painters—J. Wright, F. V. Burt, and J. Un derwood, Bristol, wholesale retail stationers—J. Scott and J. J. Thompson, 413, High-street, Wapping, ship chandlers—J. Colller and C. Merry weather, Fenchurch street, pewterors—J. Williamson and T. Williamson, Clockheaton, near Leeds, cloth merchants—M. A. Baldwin and H. C. Butterworth, Moorgate, Lancashire, provision dealers—W. J. M. Lange and D. A. Lange. 50, Mark-lane Williams and D. Davies, Swansea, Glarnorganshire, timber merchants—James Chadwick, John Chadwick, and Thomas Chadwick, Rochdale, cotton spinners (so far as regards T. Chadwick)—J. Evans and S. Nichols, Manchester, commission agents—G. Oxley, W. Oxley, and J. Staniforth, Sheffield, ironfounders (so far as regards J. Staniforth) —R. Green and E. Cobb, 42, Queen square, plumbers— J. Holmes and J. Wagner, 55, Queen's row, Walworth, and 25, Old Fish street, City, importers —C. Headland, E. Kearsley, and J. Okell, Gutter-lane, Cheapside, fancy woollen warehousemen (so far as regards J. Okell)—M, Schunck, J. D. Souchay, C. I. Souchay, F. W. Benecke, A. G Benecke, and J. H. Benecke, London, Manchest er , and Leeds (so ar as regards A. G. Benecke) T. Wilkinson and J. Ashworth, Great Bolton, Lanca shire, cotton and cotton waste dealers—T. Yardley and J. Bamford, Oldham. Lancashire, cotton spinners —J. W. Browne and J. F. Bradshaw, commission merchants—J. Robinson and R. T. Hall, Stockton-upon-Tees, and Redcar, Yorkshire, timber merchants.— W. Nicholson and J. B. Nicholson, Whitby, Yorkshire, ironmongers —E. gtabb and W. Sparke—J. Whittaker, G. Wood, J. Carlton, G. Walker, and C. Watson, Manchester, general warehouse men (so far as regards J. Whittaker and G. Wood)—W, Shepley and R. Harrison, Tring, Hertfordshire, silk throwstars. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. John Andrew Smith, baker, Edinburgh. Charles Otto, hotel-keeper, Glasgow. Sporting Intelligence. BETTING AT MANCHESTER.-TUESDAY. TWO THOUSAND GUINEAS. 100 to 25 agst Fly-by-Night (taken) 6to 1 agst Yellow Jack (taken) 6to 1 agst Polmoodie (taken) Bto 1 agst Milton (taken) THE CHESTER CUP. 33 to 1 agst Coroner (offered) 1000 to 20 agst Imogene (taken) 1000 to 20 agst Early Bird (taken) 1000 to 15 agst Bold Buccleuch (taken) 1000 to 15 agst Mirage (taken) 1000 to 15 agst Yorkshire Grey (taken) 1000 to 15 agst Minnie (taker,) THE LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. 15 to 1 agst Bourton (offers to take) 20 to 1 aget any other (offered) THE DERBY. Bto 1 agst 'Wentworth (taken) 9to 1 apt Fly-by-Night (offered) 10 to 1 agst Ellington (taken) 100 to 6 agst Rogerthorpe (taken) 1000 to 20 agst The Prince (taken) 1000 to 20 agst Wild Irishman (taken) 1- , EATII OF MR. FREDERICK GODBY OF THE EDIN BURGH POST•OFFICE —We much regret to announce the death of Mr. F. Godby, of the General Post-office here, which took place at Spylaw Bank, Cllinton, on the 2.1 inst., after a brief illness. Mr. Godby, who was or ly in hi; 36th year, entered the service here in 1839, and in 1815 was appointed to the office of chief clerk, a position only second to that of the Secretary for Scotland, Mr. Abbott. He had the misfortune only a year and a half ago to lose a brother who occupied an almost identical popition in the London Post•office,—Edinburgh Courant, Country Markets. LIVERPOOL-JAL F. A fair attendance of the trade, and a good demand for wheat, at an advance of id per 701 b on last Frida's rate.. American flour in improved reque s t, an d 6d p er br i. dearer. Best oats maintained their value, but inferior and oatmeal were id to ld per 451 b and 6d per load lower. Barley au peas without change. Beans is to 2s per qr. lower. In than corn held at 42s 6d per qr. for mixed, but there were no buyers above that from the quay ; white corn, 44. for New Orleans to 46s to 47s per qr. for prime Northern. IPSWICH-JAN. R. A moderate supply of wheat, more tone and firmness in tho trade, and prices rather against buyers. Barley a fair supply, but a large portion of it was of very secondary quality ; a ready sale, however, at is and 2s per qr. ad vance on late rate.. Best malting qualities brought the same advance. Beans and peas a trifle cheaper. PIM QUARTER, PER (111ARTit Wheat, red (old) '76s to 78s Barley, grinding ... 37s to 38e Ditto (now) Ditto, white i-ets to 866 Peas Ditto (old) Barley, malting 39s to 426 , F10ur, per sack —s to —a AVERAGES FOR THE WINE ENDING JAN. 5, 1855. Wheat Oats 5O „ 289 04 Peas Barley Beans HULL-JAN. 8. A very small supply of wheat, condition bad ; farmers very firm, and for all good-conditioned samples fully last week's prices were paid ; other sorts neglected. Foreign more looked after. Spring corn of all kinds dull, and without demand. Linseed firm ; cakes in moderate sale to consumers. s s Wheat, English, red 74 to 76' Ditto white 7B to 84 Dantzic and Konigs berg Pomeranian and Ham- 'Peas, grey and black to Linseed, Black Sea 77 to 80 I Ditto Petersburgh 74 to 76 'Ditto Riga and Arch angel burgh Danish Holstein , and Friesland 74 to 78 Russian and Odessa 70 to 72 Oats, English Ditto Danish Ditto Friesland Ditto Russian 2B to 30 Barley, malting Ditto grinding 36 to 38 Beaus Ditto foreign Peas, white and ye) 5O to 541 'Ditto Konigsberg and Memol — 65 to 70 Per Ton. Lins.c., Hull 13110 s to 13115 s Ditto fine for. 12/ Os 13155 Od Ditto Inf. for. 01 Os Od to 010 s Rapeseed.. 00/ Os to 001 fle Rape cakes 150 s Od to 152 n 6d Tares, English —e to —s Ditto foreign Guano OOl Os 81 0121151 Bones Rye Meal COURSE OF EXCHANGE.—Yagra4DAY materdam 11 17 Gibraltar •••• •• •• Ditto, three months .. I L 19% Leghorn •• •• .•• 30 1754 Rotterdam ............ 11 19% Genoa ................25.• 80 Antwerp 25 51) Bruspele .............. 25 50 Ilarnburgh ............ 13 9 ilan ......•• Venice................ Naples •• .......... Altona ............. Palermo ...... 133 Pari5........ .. •• .... 25 35 Messina ... • •• 1333( Ditto, three months .. 25 77 t 4 Marseilles 25 97% Bourdeana ........ Frankfort-on Maine.... 120 Berlin ••••••••••.• • • •• Lisbon ... ,„ • Oporto ................ b 3►% Rio Janeiro ..... .• • .... Buenos Ayres.... • ... .. New York, 60 days' eight V1enna..........•• .... 11 20 Philadelphia . • ........ •• 11 24 PRICES OF lIMUCN, MI OZ. Petersburg ............ Foreign Gold in Bars £3 17 9 Madrid 49% Portugal Gold Coin .. 0 ro Cadiz ........•• ..... 49% Mexican Dollars .... 0 4 11% Barcelona .. •• .• •• •• •• New Dollars ....•• 0 0 0 ......... i Silver in bars ...... 0 6 15i BEABO.RNE MAILS. (N iignines that the malls are sent from the General Post office by the night—and M by the morning—despatch.) Day when From What IV not. COUNTRIEri in General Post- Port due 'n Office, London.* Dispatches:. Znaland. imerica(byßrit.pack)N Every Friday Liverpool ...'Jan. 14 Amer!". (by United Ste. packot) ••••• ••• - -• Liverpool ? Jan. 8 imerica (,by U. States I • packet) ••• •• • • Scut/n=4o Jan. 26 .lastralia (via • South ampton) s• • • • • • Southampton Ditto (via Marseilles) 14) - • Dover .. Ditto (via Cape of Good Hope) ......... I ...N Africa ( West Coast) .. N;l3d of the month .. Plymouth .. Jan. 6 ktexandrla .......... N I", 2, 24, & 30 of m. Dover .....• ~b(4th & 20th of mon. Southampton; a h am a. • „„ „ • „ a( l l7th of the month Southampton ( Belgium Nob' • • • • • • • • • • • • Dover ...... 'Daily Brazil ........:9th of the month.. Southampton Jan. lb Buenos Ayres ........ M'9th of the month.. Southampton 'Jan. lb Cape of Good Hope ..N Various port.- Uncertain Cape of Good Hope ..N Cape de Verde 9th of the month Southampton Jan. lb Ceylon (see India) Ceylon ..............N Chaffin} Isles ........NlBron. , Wed., B ariki. Southampton Tn.Th.Rat 17tb of month Southainptoe, China .... !Once a month.... 'Jan. 20 Constantinople .... — N18,13,18,23,6;2/, °fin Dover Constantinople ...„ ~ :4th & 20th of mon. Southampton Cont. of Europe M & NiTivice daily Dover Tericedall Egypt (see India) France ........ M & N TWICO daily • • Dover ...... Twicedans Gibraltar M',4.7.17, 90, 27 sf m Southamptot , Greece (see India) G roy t own „, ik.f 2nd & 17th of mon.,Soinhatnpfrn llamburgh ~N,Tuesday & FriclayLoadon flavannah of the month Southampton 'Jan. 16. Holland •.„ ~ Daily.... • • Dover . „ liondoras tthe3 month.iSouthamptm. 1 6 thotmea India (TiaSouthempt.)mAth 4 20th of mon.lPlymouth •• J an . 20 Intlia (via Marseilles)m, 9 thbearith of monthiDover ) lonian Isles Ireland ........M & NI (see India)L T 7' w l l 7 c ' e & da 2 i 7 ly o . f . iTwitedan, 9, 17, & 27 of rn.!Bouthampton,lan. g a j o i ra m ;9th of the month !Southampton Madeira .• •• .„ Nl23d of month •• • • Liverpool ... Malta (see India) :Malta ..............N, B, 18. &28 of mon. Dover Jan. 20 Mauritius (tee India) I Mauritius ........ N 1 14th of the month Meaico_ land of the month.. Bontharbpt.n Jan. 16 Naples ".. ........ N , sthl2th2sthormon. Dover New Granada 12•1& 17th of month Southampt on New Zealand...• •• . !By private el ip Various port- Une e rta Papal States ......../41bthibth2athofmon.IDover Peninsula bvlthl7o27thormon.lSoutharapto n Peru ld 27th of mon. Southampton Port Natal ...... • ... N ,nY private shlp...;Various porta linesman Sicily ~............Nls t hlath2s t hofmon,;Dover Tuscany Nlsthlstb2sthobnon.; Dover Venezuels „ „ „ „ M Id It 17th olmonthlgonthampton 1&16 Me Van Diemen's Land (se , Australia) . Wen Indlea im !V.. 17th o mom! , 'BoUthatnnteti'l &la man *k. 17th o monr, 'Southampton 1 & 16 mon Whonany of those dates fall on a •tunday, the In ail ft will dp. !patched on the following day, with the exception of the fn•tir (via Aouthampton), And the Malta, both of which will bo de+epetch• e preceding day SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, JAN. 8. STOCK EXCTIANGE.—The tone of the market has been quiet to-day, and prices have rather receded. Midlands, 634- 3—Lancashire and Yorkshire, 76A—Manchester, Shef field, and Lincoln, 23i —South Eastern, 17—East Lanca shire, 17g. MANCHESTER, JAN. 8. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The market to-day has been doing a moderate business, and at rather easier prices. Leeds, 764—Dovers, 17—Midlands, 63s 4—Eastern Counties, 81 —East Lancashire, 17 7-16--Manchester, Sheffield. and Lincoln, 23, 4 ,--Ditto (101. Pref.), 13/I—London and North Westerns, 91—Ditto (Atha), 1 1-16 c. d. BIRMINGHAM, JAN. 8. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The market was dull today, and prices tending downwards. Midlands closed at 63—South Staffords at 2i d.—London and North• Westerns at 1 dia. —Birmingham Old Canals, 90i. LEEDS, JAN. 8. STOCK EXCHANGE.—A very inactive business to-day. Midlands, 63—Leeds, 76i—Eastern Counties, Br;—Thirsk Quarters, 2 pm. DUBLIN, JAN. 7. STOCK EXCHANGE.—Three per Cent. Consols, 861 —Ditto for Account, Feb. 7, 861 i—New Three per Cent. Stock, 861 a—Ditto, for Account, o—Bank Stock, 218— Midland Great Western and Royal Canal (501. pd.), ISt —Great Southern and Western, 51 I—Ditto, 4 per cent. paid in full, IS—National Bank (221.105. paid), 324—Royal Bank, 704—D u bli n and Wi c kl ow, 5a i—Waterford and Limerick, 22i—Mining Co. of Ireland, 13i—Irish South Eastern, si. 31n. W. H. BARBER.—Dr. Elliott, the Mayor of Car has consented to act as a local member of the com mittee formed to present a testimonial to the above gen tleman, the dupe of the accomplished will-forger, Flet claer.—Carlislc Patriot. BIRTHS. 011' A SON. On the 7th inst., at Capel Rectory, Suffolk, the wife of Flume Nich‘ , ll, Esq., 7th Dragoon Guards. On the 4th inst.. the wife of Charles T. Dimond, Esq., Ilenrietta-street, Cavendish-square. OP A DAUGHTER. On the 6th inst., at East House, near Romford, Esse x , the wife of Wortham Hitch, Esq. On the 6th inst., at Guernsey, the wife of E. B. Luz. moore, Esq.—twins. MARRIED. On the Bth inst., in the church, Gordon•square, Sim ne l Rawson Gardiner, Esq., eldest son of Rawson Boddam Gardiner, Esq., of Gorden-street, Gordon-square, to Isabella, only surviving daughter of the late Rev. Edward Irving. On the Bth inst., at St. Paul's, Deptford, Edgar Sydney , Esq., of Hyde Vale, Greenwich, and 20, Mark-lane, to Jane Cath er i ne , secondydanghter of Thos. Norfolk, Esq., of Deptford. DIED. On the Bth January, at Kenn , Devon, the Rev. H e nry Lev, upwards of 50 years re ctor of that wi s h , aged 74. On the 6th inst., at Avisfor d, Sussex, the Lady Elisa beth Reynell. On the 7th inst., in Victoria-street, Westminster, Fran ci, Skurray, Esq . , aged 66 . , On the 6th inst., at , St. Mark s - crescent, Regent's-park, Daniel H. Johnson, Esq., of Ca n t on, eldest son o f D. T . Esq., of Aldermary churchyard, city, aged 32. Ou the 6th inst., at 13, Hyde -park-street, Margaret Ben son, aged 68. . On the 6th inst., at Kensington -gore, Captain Richard Stevens Harness, R.N., age d 6 3. On the sth inst., at 10, College-crescent, Finchley-road, James Edward Mivart, for more than 40 years proprietor of the well-known hotel in Brook-street, Grosvenor-square, aged 75 On the 4th inst., Willi am H en ders o n, Esq., barrister-at law, aged 34 ;,nwpoN Printed and Published by MXTRDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sur. Office, No.ll 2, trend, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the emsty of middles x, Wednesday, January 9,1866. Amara TO-) effeetir ANDE event verese Verson! To I Chivalt lion, sa been in HARI Stint, Royal Morels Mr. 131 assists Mr, I Mr. II Art Al li ' rtedU -Mr. a Bat * Hick' Grego alma (IT a. tf (Inc the of fiend, adult! 'shape lief in Ase toe, well, blue! Yr. Mr. Go , tidy the 12114 Till sum R. it le king mai had hi of hi id Item P. C Wsa R. Irhc VI UT, mid a* 11 lag s 1 kti `~ \`.: