The Sun. — London, England, 1849-02-16 00:00:00

T HE LEGAL TITLE ASSURANCE COMPANY. /; Provisionally Registered, January 17, 1849.) Cal ital, 2,000,0001., in 80,000 Shares, of 251. each. Preliminary Deposit, 2s. fid. per Share. - prospectuses and full information may be obtained at the Tempo rary Offices of the Company, 13A, Cannon-row, Westminster, on ep plicatien to G. F. HOWE. Hon. See., pro tern RAILWAY' SHARES. MESSRS. WILLIAM LAMOND and Co., Steck and Share Brokers respectfully announce that they continue daily to BUY and SELL, by Private Contract. all descrip tions of Stocks, English and Foreign, Railway Shares, &a. Threadneedle-street. London, January 15, 1849. NOTICE. THE THIRD EDITION, Raised and Corrected, with New Preface, On Monday next will be published, II A 0 THE LAST OF R THE SAXON KINGS ''' . D, By Sir E. BULWER LYTTON, Bart. Author of " Rienzi," " The Last of theitrons," ecc. ..• Orders received by all Booksellers t iffoughout the united Kingdom. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. 4 0 2 T JAMES'S THEAT RE. Season 1849. PRENCII PLAYS and OPERA COMIQITR. THIS EVENING, The Perfommances wi EUVE ll commence at Half-pas ANS.t Seven o'clock, with V ZANETTA ; on, Jouer avec le Feu. Mr. Mitchell begs also to announce that, notwithstanding the In creased expenses of the present entertainment, the prices of admis sion are determined as Wows : Boxes ss. Od. Pit 3e. ed. Amphitheatre .. 2s. Od. Subscriptions for the season may be arranged at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street; Mr. Sams', St. James's-street; Mr. Andrews', New Bond-street ; and at the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open daily from eleven till five. (1 Tlj ROYAL, IIAYMAR&E . Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager. Old Brompton. The public is respectfully informed that this Theatre has, during the recess . underdone very extensive repairs mid alterations and the whole t o decorated. THIS EVENING. Will be performed the Drama of TIIE 110'613EKEEPER. After which, THE WONDER. Dou Felix, Mr. C. run ; Donna Violann., Mrs. C. Kean. To conclude with an Arabian Nights' Entertainment, entitled CAYARALZAMAN AND BADOIJRA ; or, The Peri who Loved the Frince. characters by Messrs. Bland, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, Miss Horton. and Miss Reynolds. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIII. ',der the direction of Madame Celeste During the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the original designs by Digby Wyatt, Est , executed by Mr. Sang., A new Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys tem of Ventilation, &c., &.e. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered mere eomfortable. THIS EVENING Will be presented the celebrated Drama, entitled THY GREMIe HUSHES ; or, A Hundred Years Age. Murtogh, Mr. 0. Smith ; Dennis, Mr. Cullenford ; Jack Gong, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Grinnidge, Hr. Wright ; Captain Dartois, Mr. Worrell ; Madame St. Aubert, Madame Celeste ; Geraldine, Miss E. Chaplin; Nelly O'Neil, Miss Woolgar. To conclude with TEE ENCHANTED ISLE. Alonzo, Mr. Paul Bedford; Prospero, Mr. 0. Smith; Arta, Miss I. Chaplin. ItOTAL LYCY,UM THEATKE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. s.ole Lessee. Mr. Charles Mahe ws. THIS EVENT N, Will be performed a new and original petite Gemedy, entitled WHO SPEAKS FIRST ? After which, a new Fairy Extravaganza, entitled THE KING OF ISHE PEACOCKS. Characters by Messrs. Harley, John Reeve, Seltrr, H. Hall, Marshall, and H. Marshall ; Miss Kathleen Fitzwil 'lam, Miss L. Howard, Mrs. Macnamara, Miss Marshall, Miss L. Marshall, Miss Coleman, and Madame Vestris. To conclude with AN APPEAL. TO T.Rz PUBLIC. Dress itoxeo., ss. ; Upper Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. No itelf-price to any part of the house. The New Box-office, No. 2, Wellington. 'treat, is open to the public ,very day, from Ten till Six. PRINCESS'S THEATfi.E. Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager. During the Recess this Theatre has been re-decorated and embel- Wiled in a superb and costly manner ty Mr. Hurwitz. A new Chan delier has been fitted, and the best arrangements have been made for the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and the comfort and eenvexience of the audience. THIS ETENING, Will toe performe4 the Romantle Opera, entitled LEOLIN. Count Adelmar, Mr. Charles Braham; the Seneschal, Mr. H. Hera castle ; Frantz, Herr Mengis ; Matilda, Mrs. Weiss; Leoline, Wes Poole. To conclude with a new grand Pantomime, entitled BLTFF KING HAL ; or, Harlequin and the Charmed Arrow. Harlequin, Mr. Bologna; Pantaloon, Mr. Paolo; Clown, Mr. Memnon ; Sprite, Mr. De Barr ; Columpine, Miss Fawcett. ASTLET'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. ruler the Patronage of her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness Prince Libert, kc. Rnormono success of the Holiday Novelties, the most astounding ia the Metropolis.—A gorgeous Spectacle.—Brilliant Scenes of t h e Areaa.-1 new comic Pantomime. THIS EVENING, The certain will rise at a Quarter to Seven o'clock preciselx to tke magnificent Spectacle, by Pitzball. entitled CORABCO ; or, the Warrior's Steed. To be followed by an inimitable display of SCENES IN THR CIRCLE, supported by the first Equestrian talent of the day. -To conclude with a new Equestrian Pantomime, entitled BOLD ROBIN HOOD ; or, The Pretty White Horse and Enchanted Fria- Noss of Sherwood Forest. Box-office open from Eleven till Five. stage Manager, Mr. W. West. TO CORRESPONDENTS. No communication can be attended to unless authenti cated by the name and address of the writer. goieeted communications cannot be returned. THE WEATHER.—Sms OYEICE, FEBRUARY 16. THERILOYIETRIL, Lowest, 37; Highest, 54; Noon, 43. BARopwrzs, $0.6. WIND W.N.W.; fine weather. 1-11011 WATER AT LONDON BRIDOE. Van DAT -•ornine, 41 mix. after 7 I Evening, 11 in. after 11 To4doesov—Morning, 10 min. after 8 I Evening, 29 min. after t , ~.-•<..•,. • , ~- - . • 04 • ~,-. i.... •• ' ,-'14%*.11" ' 1 . •-=, - ;:tb,,t1 , ,,- - , - ~.,,.,, fiiiiiis' ::,..: . . +F.. 7: .e ' '1i.." 4 - I '. ~. t . ...• . 5 .:;,,..,':-,„.0 , i - FA. •, 4 '• ,, , , ,, . . ' , , . I , - , • 0 1 / 4 - illeintit LONDON, FRIDAY, FZBRUARY 16, 1549. The construction of railways throughout our Asiatic and American colonies is a project so fraught with advantages both to the mother country and to :ber remotest possessions, that the imagination is almost bewildered by its magnificence. To give a simple enumeration of these advantages within any thing like reasonable limits would be a miracle of literary condensation. But a rapid mention of some of the most conspicuous and important may be sufficient to demonstrate the ingenuity, the genius, and the patriotism of those who have proclaimed the necessity as well as the practicability of the under taking. Every one who regards with proper vigi lance the progress of British power and of European civilization in our Oriental dominions is ac quainted not only with the scheme now on foot for the establishment of a gigantic line of steam communication between the diffe- , rent provinces of Hindostan, from Tanjore to . Agra, and from Bengal to Hyderabad, but are likewise familiar with the differences that have interrupted, for the time being, the prosecution of the adventure in consequence of the very reasonable demeed made by the Directors of the Company, that the Indian Government should guarantee the share holders a minimum dividend as an indemnity for the loss of that authority which will be retained over the whole system and working of the Indian railways, by the Council at Calcutta and the Court in Leaden _ hall- street. Every one, however, is not equally aware of a still more extraordinary proposition which has recently emanated from a distinguished officer in one .of her iiajesty's Highland regiments,* a proposi .tion fully and eloquently unfolded by him in a letter 'addressed to his friend, the celebrated novelist and wit, llALmuaTost. According to the scheme dis closed in this remarkable pamphlet, mails, merchan dize, and passengers might be perpetually conveyed to and Cro between England and her colonial territories in the two hemispheres without having to traverse the roads of continental Europe (which roads might be rendered impassable at any moment by the out break of a general war t G ), and without the , necessit of having to double eiher the Cape of ood Hope y or Cape Horn, where the seas are as tem pestuous as the voyage s are circu itous ; and the, intercourse between Great Britain and her most distant and scattered possessions would not only be by thig - means less liable to interruption, but it would be infinitely 'more rapid, and, in every respect, more convenient. The proposed line of railway would link 'together the 'two oceans, the Pacific and the Atlantic; it would 'stretch in a direct line across our colonies. in North America; it would commence at Halifax, in Nova Scotia, and would terminate at Frazer's River, pouring into the Gulf of Georgia ; it would communicate by steam.vessels with the ports of the United Kingdom in one direction, and in the other would promote a continual interchange of *commodities and intelligence with Pekin, with Canton, with Australia, with New Zealand, with the Spice Islands, with Ceylon, with Madras, and with Cal cutta. As an incitement to the enterprise of the nation, and the Government, it is mentioned by the projector (p. 22) that it is the determination of the United States to commence at once, and to complete with the utmost rapidity, a line of railway, extending f ro m New-York to the bay of San Francisco (" the finest harbOar in the world "), and in this man- A Letter to the Author of the Clockraaker ' ' con taining thoug h t s on the subject of a Railw ay Comintt- dation between the Atlantic and the Pacific, fr om til magn ifi c ent harbour of H alifax, in Nov a Scotia (North! Eastern America), to the mouth of Frazer's River, in New Caledonia (North-Western America), or such other Port u Egli) , be determined upon. " a YO. pp . 59,, Lon , . Metall LI; I a 49. . r. ner to afford a medium of communication such as would convey the mails in one direction to Canton in fourteen days, and in the other direction to London in nine days—travelling the entir, , distance between Macao and Thanet hi the astoundingly short period of twenty-three days ! Having stated the nature of the intended line be tween Frazer's River and Nova Sco a—having insisted upon the urgent requirement of some more secure bond of union between the Home Government and the dissevered Administrations in our Colonies — having, moreover, endeavoured to stimulate the energies of his countrymen, by announcing the rival determination of the inhabitants of the United States, the author of the pamphlet relating to railway communication between the Pacific and the Atlantic recapitulates some of the innumerable and inestimable benefits which would flow from the undertaking. Foremost among them are unquestion ably the following :—The North American Railway from the Gulf of Georgia to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, running from Nova Scotia by St. John's, through New Brunswick, across the St. Lawrence and Otawa, traversing Upper Canada along the shores of Lake Huron and Lake Superior, through the dominions of the Hudson's Bay Company to the south of Lake Winnipeg, over the chain of the Rocky Mountains to the coast of the Pacific confronting the island of Vancouver — this enormous line of railway would then be the first substantial employment of that felicitous fact which has been intimated in the expression that the shores of the Pacific constitute "the end of the West and the beginning of the East." It would enable the busy population " from Halifax, from Toronto, from Montreal, from Quebec, from New Brunswick, from Byetown, from Kingston, from Hamilton, and from the Red River settlement, to pour across the rocky mountains of Oregon the produce of the West in ex change for the riches of the East." It would render the whole Pacific alive with all descriptions of vessels, sailing and steaming from our mag nificent Colonies—New Zealand, Van Diemen's Land, New South Wales, New Holland, from Borneo and the West Coast of China, from the Sandwich Islands, and from a thousand other places, all carrying the rich productions of the East, and landing them at the commencement of the West, to be forwarded and dis tributed throughout our North American provinces, and to be delivered in thirty days at the ports of Great Britain." It would bring Halifax within a a distance of merely fifteen or twenty days from the north-west coast of North America It would form "the great linh required to unite in one powerful chain the whole English race." It would penetrate the enormous barrier of the Rocky Moun tains. It would, in a particular manner, bind toge ther the interests of England, of the Hudson's Bay Company, and the Canadas. It would present a magnificent field for the employment of gangs of con vict labourers—criminals who by clearing and en closing lands, by constructing roads and building bridges, would be withdrawn from the diabo lical contaminations of the penal settlements, and would unconsciously, be instrumental in for warding the, grand labours of civilisation. It would, by s erecting a terminus in the vicinity of Quadra, bring within fifty days sail of that point—Australia, Canton, Pekin, Borneo, New Guinea, and New Zealand. It would pass through regions "rich in mines of silver and copper," such as the vicinity of Lake Superior. It would draw into use the abundant timber of the Oregon, the plentiful coal of Van couver's Island, the iron, lead, and tin, the granite, slate, and sandstone, the oolites, the cattle, wool, hides, and tallow, the salted meat, the beef, the pork► the wheat, the barley, the Indian corn, the apples' and the rest of the nutritious vegetation which now flourishes unconsumed in the length and breadth of the North American Continent. Such is the noble project of a colonial railway suggested by this patriotic pamphleteer. Three important Railway meetings have just been held. The directors of the Great Western, South- Western, and Midland Companies have met their respective shareholders, and presented reports con taining the fullest information on every point on which it could be desired. Many important matters were introduced that may materially influence the fu ture prosperity of the several undertakings. Complaints were most justly made of the enormous burdens imposed upon the industry and enterprise of the community by the enormous charges levied upon the property of the proprietors in the shape of parochial and other rates and taxes, and also of the tax on the passenger traffic. It will be found in every instance that these charges not only constitute heavy items in the working ex penditure—which is materially increased thereby— but that it practically amounts to a very heavy in come-tax on their dividends. The question may speedily arise how far the Legislature are justified in subjecting railway property to imposts so heavy and burdensome, by some of which they are almost exclu sively effected. Some time since a clamour was excited against " the inordinate profits of the railway compa nies." It appeared to be considered a meritorious act to place any charge or incumbrance for which there was the slightest pretext upon them. It was as if they had exclusive access to some ideal California, from whence they could gather immense stores of wealth at their mere will and pleasure, that it was only ne cessary to squeeze them sufficiently in order to obtain benefits for the community at large, not only in the shape of increased accommodation and diminished fares, but also in obtaining fourfold payments 'for everything required by the companies, and casting upon their shoulders an undue proportion of public burdens. These days have, however, gone by. The railway companies have seen adversity as well as others, and although they can still return a reason able dividend to their shareholders, they are bound to exercise a strict and vigilant economy, and to re strict their expenses within the narrowest limits. They will no longer patiently submit to these wrongs —they will no longer suffer in silence; but where they feel themselves to be aggrieved, they will appeal boldly to the honour and integrity of the British Parliament and the British people, and demand that justice which cannot be denied when a fair case is made out. Although these complaints were justly preferred, there was full reason to be satisfied in every other particular with the prospects of the several com panies. The dividends declared were not as high as there is just cause to believe they will be When the lines in course of construction are com pleted, the traffic fully developed, and the savings and reductions indicated by the directors carried into execution, still they offered fair and reasonable re turns for the capital invested, and none but those who had participated in the general delusion, and expected enormous profits, could justly complain thereof. These dividends will be at the following rates for the half-year ending 31st December last—that is to say, on the Great Western Stock 3 per cent., being at the rate of 6 per cent. per annum ; on South-Western Stock 21 per cent., or 5 per cent. per annum ; and the same on Midlands: We shall now allude to the several statements more in detail. t o h n a t a ec t o ll u e n t G o freat cap i t al, Western s p a n a y pp h e a a v r e s receithen, e c th e i e v n ed , Company amounting in the whole to 11,643,3571. ss. 5d., of which the sums received on calls amounted to 7,010,7651. 10s., and by debentures and advances in anticipation of calls on .shares, 404,2644 6s. sd. These sums, together, 7,415,029/. 16s. 5d., m a y be regarded as the paid-up capital of the company, on which the dividend is to be declared. There has also been received on debentures, which constitute mort gages of the various railways , 3,240,3171. 95., and On loan notes, loans, &c., 983,0101., making alto. gather 11,643,357 1 . ss. 6 d. , t o be accounted f or. Against this, the expenditure of every descrip tion fairly chargeable against capital up to the 31st of December amounted to 11,608,8151. 3s. 9d., leaving a balance in hand of 84,542/. :la. Bd. From the revenue account it appears that the gross receipts from every source of income for the half-year amounted to 547,916/. 15s. Id.; that the working expenses of every description for the same period amount to 215,0951. lls. Bd., being at the rate of 39.691 per cent. on the gross receipts for traffic, of which the Government duty on passengers amounted to 15,332/. 17s. 10d., being 2.944 per cent., and the I rates and taxes to 16,1631. as. 9d., being 2.713 per cent. We thus find that the charges levied, texclusive of . the regular income-tax of 2/. 18s. 4d. 'per cent. on clear profits, amount to 5.657 per cent. . on gross receipts, or nearly 9.425 on profits, showing, that, on the whole, the company is taxed to the extent of about 12.350 per cent. on the sums divisible amongst the shareholders. In the South-Western Company the balance avail able for dividend is 96,9351. 16s. 2d., of which 92,6831. 7s. 6d. will be applied in payment of a dividend after the rate of five per cent. per annum on the paid-up capital, leaving a balance of 4,2521. Bs. Bd. to be carried over to the next half-year. The public charges on this company are even more onerous than on the Great Western. The parish rates during the half-year amounted to no less than 10,8331. or upwards of 11 per cent. on the balance available for dividend, from which 21. 188. 4d. per cent. additional is to be de ducted for income-tax. We regret that we are unable to allude to the de tails of the'Midland statement this day; we shall however, do so on an early occasion. From a letter of our esteemed correspondent, Mr. RIGBY WASON, which appears in another part of our impression, it will be seen that it is in the contempla tion of Government to render the valuation of lands, &c., in Ireland fixed for a period of seven or ten years. This would indeed be a very lame and impotent conclusion. It would hold out no inducement whatsoever to parties to improve their lands to the utmost degree. As Mr. Wesori has stated, it is well known that nothing less than a certain tenure of nineteen years will induce tenants to embark their capital in lands that are in a proper state of cul tivation at the commencement of the term. For lands requiring reclamation, or which have been exhausted and worn out by over cropping and bad husbandry, too often the case in Ireland, a much longer period would be required, and thirty years would be the lowest period for which a prudent man would enter. In the letters on the reclamation of waste lands in Ireland, which have from time to time appeared in The Sun, Mr. , Wasox pointed out the advantage of rendering the valuation of lands in Ireland permanent. By so doing a great benefit would be conferred upon improving landlords, who would then have every in ducement to increase the value of their estates, and to bring them to the highest pitch of cultivation, without fearing that their profits would go to relieve their idle and negligent neighbours. The milk-and-water measure suggested would, however, have no such effect. It would, on the contrary, prove that after a brief period—indeed, almost as soon as the beneficial results of their expenditure were coming into operation—they would be likely to have a new valuation of property, which would place additional charges on their shoulders. The man ner in which railway companies are mulcted for the improvements they have effected affords a salutary caution to persons of capital and enterprise. The state ments at the meetings of the several companies, which will be found in another part of our impression, will act as beacon lights to other parties to warn them against undertaking useful works until convinced that they will be dealt with in a fair and liberal spirit. If the Government really desire to encourage per manent and lasting improvements in Ireland—if they would induce capitalists to embark their property in the reclamation of the soil, they should render the valuations permanent, as proposed by Mr. Wasorr, or fix it for thirty or forty years, at the very least. Anything short of that term would net meet the real difficulty, and would be worse than useless. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. The amendment of M. SWUM) to the motion of M. LANJUINIAB for the dissolution of the Assembly having been rejected by a majority of 424 to 387, the original proposition was adopted without a division. It is supposed that the Assembly will have completed its labou — ra in about eighty day;, and that the new Assembly will meet in the month of May. The Patric has the following from Italy : "We have good reason for believing that news was received in Paris to-day that on the sth, at two o'clock in the afternoon, the Republic was proclaimed at Rome, and the ton the same day the dethronement of the Pope was pronounced. The dispatch which brings this important intelligence, which might have been expected from the turn things have lately taken, also announces that the Grand Duke of Tuscany has not left his country, as several journals have stated, but has taken refuge at San Steffano. The same news has reached us from our correspondent at Florence." The Moniteur publishes the decree, passed by the National Assembly, authorising the prosecution of M. PEOUDHON for a libel on the PXISIADENT of the Republic. The Journal des Davis has the following from its correspondent at Constantinople : By the last English packet, Sir Stratford Canning received some very energetic and explicit instructions from Lord Palmerston, which appear to have been writ ten after an animated conversation between his Lordship and M. Brunnow. England complains warmly of the conduct of Russia in the principalities ; of the violation of the residence of the commandant of the Turkish troops, in order to seise a person who had placed him self under the protection of that functionary ; and, above all, of the ill-treatment which an English subject had received from the Russian authorities. England is astonished at the prolonged presence of the Russians in the principalities, and offers to the Porte the aid of England in obliging them to withdraw. This communication has created a lively sensation here. It happened most apropos that Russia had just, for the second time, made formal propositions to the Porte for the conclusion of a treaty, repeating in some of its clauses that of Unkiar-Skelessi, of disastrous memory. Russia would have made with the Porte an alliance offensive and defensive. In order to stifle for ever the liberal ideas which are fermenting in the Danubian principalities, the constitution of these principalities was to be modified, after being suspended for seven years. During the interval of these seven years the Hospodar was not to be replaced, Russia was to undertake the police and maintain order in concert with the Porte, and at the end of the seven years the two Powers were to agree together as to the future fate of the provinces. M. Titow has just received from his Court very pressing instructions for treating with the Porte upon these bases; and already communications on the subject have passed between the Russian Minister and the Divan. This danger, however, is happily averted by the new attitude assumed by England." In the National Assembly yesterday, the Minister of the Interior presented a Bill for the celebration of the anniversary of the Revolution of February. The Bill is in precisely the same terms as that proposed by the report of M. PORTALIS. The fete will be exclusively a religious one. A funeral service will be performed in the churches, and alms will be distri buted to the poor. The rest of the sitting, till the hour of post, was occupied with the discussion on the third reading of the Electoral Law. M. NAPOLEON BONAPARTZ, son of the ex-King of Westphalia, has addressed the following letter to the Moniteur : "It is by error that you have inserted my name amongst those of the representatives who voted against the order of the day on the subject of the interpellations of M. Corelli. I was absent at the moment of the vote; but I should have voted for the order of the day after the fra❑k and dignified speeches and explanations of the Minister of Justice." BOURSE—PARIS, THURSDAY, FEB. 15. THREE O'CLOCK.—It was expected that the vote in favour of the Government, on M. Rateau's proposition, would produce a favourable impression on the Bourse, and accordingly the rise to day is very nearly 2 per cent. The apprehension of any further contest between the Assembly and the Government has now ceased. It is therefore to be hoped that public confidence will at length make some progress. The news from Rome had a depressing effect on the Roman Funds. Ex change on London (30 days), 25 27i ; ditto (90 days), 25 20. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, FEB. 15. Anglo Italian (late Italian and Austrian), I—Boulogne and Amiens, 93 R —Central. of France (Orleans and Viarzon), 10%—Namur and Liege, BN—Northern of France, 9 Orleans and Borde aux , 34 Paris and Orleans, 31 —Paris and Rouen, 20 1 1—Paris and Strasbourg, 3—Rouen and Havre, DA—Sambre and Meuse, s%—Tours and Nantes, 2 1 4—West Flanders (8 PA. SPAIN. Madrid papers of the 9th have arrived. The Espana says— " The mail which was dne yesterday from Bayonne did not arrive. The account we have is that it was at tacked beyond Burgos by a party of twelve to fourteen men on horseback, who carried it off the road and set fire to it. An equal fate appears to have befallen the one which left Madrid on Sunday last, the 4th, for France. Three mail coaches have, therefore, been burnt within a few days by El Estudiante, who is the person, it appears, to whom belongs the opprobrium of this act of vandalism." The Postilion of Gerona, of the 2d (a Moderado paper), says "that General Coucha's escort was surprised by Marsal's cavalry at Fornells, and that was the way the four officers, who were in advance, were wounded. As soon as General Concha heard of the af fair he sent off the light infantry and Catalan police to their assistance, upon the approach of whom the Carlist cavalry made off. It is not said what the lose of the troops was, but the Carlists are said to have had five killed and several wounded, hiswhom c a v t a h l e r y y for c arried ha effective ff General gr . ank beha v edt oa C brevetil o i C on n c c h at a repri m anded the et aianffwawho o;hadand while he gave been wounded, and distributed some crosses among the infantry, ho ordered the uniforms of three cavalry sol diers to be stripped off, and 100 blows of a stick to be administered to each in the square at Fornells." Nine hundred Carlist Infantry and 80 Cavalry have invaded the province of Tarragona. MADRID BoLse.—The Three per Cents. are re ported at 211 buyers, 11-16 sellers; Five per Cents., 10 buyers, 10i sellers; Coupons were done at 6i cash; Passive Debt, 3 13-16 buyers, sellers. PORTUGAL. Intelligence has been received from Lisbon to the 9th. In answer to certain interpellations on the subject of the recent changes in the Ministry, SAL , . DINHA explained in the House of Peers that the three Members had retired because they were tired of office, that the Ministry were as friendly with them as before, and that the Ministerial policy would con tinue to be the same. GERMAN Y AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTRIA. It was rumoured at Vienna on the 10th that a Russian force had entered 'Transylvania, and had occupied Cronstadt and Hermanstadt. The Austrian Ministers had, however, re• ceived no intelligence of the entry of the Russians into Transylvania. P r i nce WINDISCIIGIILTZ having withdrawn the Austrian troops from t the Comitat of Gran to reinforce the army opposed to DEMBINSKI, the peasants of the Comitat immediately revolted, trampled the Imperial Eagle under foot, and mounted the Hungarian cockade ; they have de stroyed the bridge of boats over the Danube, established by SIMONTICII, and have recognised the Hungarian Government. The Austrian Colonel Count MoNrscucord has been taken prisoner by the Hungarians who are now in possession of the towns of Kwwst and Kerruster. Prince WTINDISCIIQEATZ has prohibited the inhabitants of the districts in pos session of Austria from attending the fair of Kerruster. The Austrians have been repulsed in a sortie made from Temeswar, and that city has been bombarded by the Hungarians. Troubles have broken out among the Croats, who declare that JICLLACHICH has sacrificed Croatia to Austria. They now break out into execrations against the Bait who has deceived them. At Agram the portrait of the EMPEROR was dragged through the mud. Bohemia and Gallacia are both ripe for an outbreak. PRUSSIA. A Royal ordonnance has appeared, directing the re-organization of the Burgher Guard. FRANKFORT. On the 12th reports were rife in Frankfort of disturbances at Hochst, in Nassau, in consequence of the unwillingness of the inhabitants to quarter fresh troops, the recent garrison having been removed. Prussian artillery were dispatched thither by rail ; the people withstood the military. No bloodshed, howeve r , ensued ; and now all is quite. The health of the Archduke Administrator is gra dually improving. In the sitting of the 12th, after the discussion on the Austrian note, a report of which appeared in The Sun of yesterday, IN.lsartrir read the following inter pellationa : " 1. Had the Ministry taken steps to secure a partici pation in the Congress assembled in Brussels for a solu tion of the Italian question—a participation, that is to say, which responded to the power and honour of the German nation? " 2. Supposing that the Imperial Ministry had not preserved for itself its rightful influence in the develop ment of Italian affairs, what instructions had it given, or did it intend to give, to the Plenipotentiary appointed to attend the Congress by the Central Power— " (a). In reference to the independence of Venice and Lombardy. " (b). In reference to the edict issued by the Tuscan Ministry concerning the formation of an Italian consti tuent power. " (c). In reference to the late movement in Rome and the relations of the Pope to the Government of the eccle siastical state. " (d). In reference to the definitive subjection of Sicily to the King of Naples." The order of the day led to a brief discussion of two of the outstanding sections of the "fut?damental rights," the only feature in the result of divisions that is worth remark being, that a clause of sec. 43, assigning a gene• ral aimed burgher force to every German parish or com mune, was rejected. BAVARIA. On the night of the 9th inst. some 3,000 persons formed a torch-light procession in Munich, as a de monstration of loyalty towards the 'Cilia, and of hos tility towards the Left of the Chamber of Deputies. The procession was originated by the so-called "Union for Constitutional Monarchy and Religion." The KING had disapproved of the procession, but he made his appearance several times at the windows of the palace. Some collisions took place between the ultra-Loyalists and the Radicals. The Chamber of Deputies has solemnly declared that it is opposed to a Prussian empire, and the for mation of a half Germany, by the exclusion of Austria; and also that it desires "an entire, great, free, united, and powerful Germany with Austria and therein a free and powerful Bavaria." The Ministers, with the exception of BiasLEN, have consented to retain their posts. SAXONY. The Second Chamber voted, by a large majority, on the 9th, the recal of all the Saxon Ambassadors in foreign countries, and in Germany, with the excep tion of the one in Frankfort, and the replacing them by consuls. The motion was opposed by the Minis try, but in vain. HOLLAND. OPENING OF THE DUTCH CHAMBERS. THE HAGUE, Fin. It—His MAJESTY, accom panied by the Princes, quitted the Palace at one o'clock. A salute of artillery announced the depar ture of his MAJESTY. The streets were densely thronged, and his MAJESTY was everywhere received with the most lively manifestations of respect and love. On his arrival at the Palace of the States- General his MAJESTY was received and introduced to the Assembly by the Committee appointed for that purpose by the two united Chambers. His MAJESTY having asc:e_nded the throne pro nounced the following speech " Gentlemen, Members of the First and Second Cham bers of the States-General — " Conformably with that which is prescribed by the fundamental law, the mission of the two Chambers of the States. General, which have existed up to this day, is at this moment accomplished. " The two Chambers, since the adoption of the modi fied fundamental law, have aided me with the most con scientious care, and they deserve our sincere grati tude for the assistance which they have always rendered us up to the new era upon which we this day enter. " Gentlemen, it gives me much pleasure to see you as sembled around me. " Representatives of the nation, which has proved by the recent elections its great estimation of the value of its political rights, and its firm resolve to carry them out with calmness and in a true spirit of order, you, gentlemen, will, I am persuaded, act in the same spirit; animated by ardent zeal, exempt from every pre judice, you will act in concert with me for the welfare of our country. " I rejoice to be able to announce to you that a good understanding is still maintained with the other Powers, notwithstanding the revolutions and wars which have desolated a great part of Europe. " The relations of the Duchy of Limburg with the Germanic Confederation have given rise to some dif ficulties, which, by adhering to the treaties, I hope to overcome. " Tranquillity and public order have nevertheless been maintained in the duchy. The army has co-operated for the maintaining of this result in a most praiseworthy manner, and I cannot re frain from acknowledging the services which it has ren dered there and elsewhere. " When the serious events which took place last year rendered it necessary to augment the army, that aug mentation, as well as the diminution which was subse quently gradually introduced, proved that the Nether lands can without difficulty and with promptitude develope and dismiss its forces. " In consequence of the measures which were taken, it is possible to leave untouched a considerable portion of the sums which had been accumulated in the budget of war for 1848. "'This year the diminution which has taken place in that budget is already considerable. A limited system of defence will introduce and consolidate new retrench. ments. " Our maritime forces continue to be a subject of great satisfaction by the services which they render. "A considerable reinforcement of ships of the line has been sent to our possessions in the East and West In dies, and, in order to give more extensive protection to commerce, the eastern coast of Africa, along which commercial undertakings are e xtending, has been visited by a ship of the line, and orders have bean given to an other ship of the line to proceed to the north-west coast of America. " Our East Indian possessions are in a state of tran quillity. " Measures have been t•tken to repair the shock which our arms, notwith stan di n g the bravery of our tr oo p s , have sustained at Bali. " Tranquillity also reigns in our West Indian posses sions; although it was interrupted in some places last year, it was promptly re-established. " If we contemplate the internal state of the king dom we shall there find more grounds than one for satis faction. " Our dearly beloved fellow -countrymen continue to distinguish themselves by the attachment to the prin ciples of order, by their respect for the law and au thority. " The commotions which have agitated Europe have, it is true, exercised an unfavourable influence on our commerce and manufactures also, but scarcely has tran quillity been re-established when a favourable reaction has taken place, and, et the present moment, a bright prospeo t opens. " With the exception of the recent disaster-4 which have taken place in some parts of our country, we have not to deplore the destructiou of dykes or the visit of inundations. " Since the revisio❑ of the fundamental law my at tention has been drawn to the expenditure of the state, on the best method of introducing a reduction without making violent changes, or interfering with the regu larity of the administration, and to the laws which are requisite fur the complete execution of the fundamental law. " The report which has been presented to me by the Provisional Ministry, on the diminution of the expenses of the state, has already led to the adoption of some of the suggestions which it contained. Others are sus ceptible of modification and of development, and must be regulated by law. " I expect from the present National Assembly that, whenever its advice may be called for, it will comply, under the conviction that in the present times especially a strong Government is one of the first moment. " The laws which are necessary to the execution of the fundamental law are prepared in that liberal spirit which has dictated the constitution. They will be laid before you successively. " The perturbation which late events have excited i❑ international relations have had an unfavourable re action on the receipts of the public Treasury. This in fluence will be again felt, though in a modified degree, during the course of this year. " Measures calculated to spare the labouring classes of the nation as much as possible will be laid before you to cover the existing deficit. " The interest and the credit of the state demand that the burden of the present moment shall not again be transmitted to the future, in order that in better times and amid more favourable results all be not paralyzed and rendered abortive by the oppression of former burdens. " Gentlemen, let us continue in that spirit of union which is strength, and with ardent zeal and labour, for the welfare of our country; and may the Most High bless our efforts! " I declare the present session of the States General to be open." At the conclusion of his speech his MAJESTY de scended from the throne, and proceeded to the Palace in the same order as before, and was again everywhere received with cries of " Long live the King !" ITALY. FLIGHT OF THE GRAND DUKE. The Grand Duke of TUSCANY' has fled from Sienna, but not in consequence of any dmeute. He has deserted his dominions solely to aid the reaction ary conspiracy now going on throughout Europe, and to give an excuse to Austria to interfere in the affairs of Italy. The Florence journals of the Bth announce the return of the Minister MoNTAN2LLI to that city after the flight of LEOPOLD, who gave as his reason for deserting his people, that the POPE had in a private letter threatened him with excommunica tion in case he should adhere to the Italian Consti tuent Assembly. The reason given by the GRAND DUKE for his flight is too absurd to obtain credence ; albeit the fact of the excommunication from the POPE tends to corroborate in some degree the notion so prevalent at Rome that PIO Novo is not a free agent at Gaeta. The Constituent e Italiana of the Bth gives the fol lowing account of the events at Florence : " FLORENCE, ELEVEN, A.M.—The Grand Duke has fled from Sienna. Montanelli has returned to Florence. The Ministry have assembled, and are in permanence. Measures have been taken to maintain order and tran quillity. The Civic Guard is flying to arms. The town is quiet, full of confidence, and calmly awaits the pro vident resolutions of Ministers. " TWELVE, A.M.—The Popular Club has met in the , square, to speak to the people abont the situation in which Tuscany is placed by the flight of the Grand Duke. Many distinguished citizens harangue th• people, and conclude that it is necessary a Provisional Government should be formed of the men in whom the people have placed confidence. A commission of twelve citizens has proceeded to the Legislative Chambers, which have assembled to express this desire to the people. A placard has been posted under the portico of the Organia, between two tricoloured flags. It contains in large letters : Long live the Provisional Government I The People their own Sovereign 1 The Union of the Tuscan People! The Triumph of Democracy!' " ONE O'CLOCK P.M.—The Popular Club and the people assembled have declared that the Grank Duke by l i his flight has violated the Constitution, and consequently forfeited the Sovereign power ; and have therefore de cided by acclamation that a Bill shall be presented to the Chamber, instituting a Provisional Commission of Government, composed of the citizens Guerraszi, Mon tanelli, and Mazzoni. The club, while proposing this commission, reserves to the Constituent Assembly of Rome the right of deciding upon subsequent measures to be taken. " EITRAORDINIRI SITTING OF THE GENERAL Cour:cm—The Chamber assembles spontaneously, in consequence of the intelligence of the flight of the Grand Duke. Montanelli ascends the tribune, and communi cates a letter from the Grand Duke, announcing that, to avoid the excommunication the Pope had threatened him with in a private letter, in case he should adhere to the Italian Constituent Assembly, he was leaving Tuscany by the route of the Maremme. While Montanelli was pronouncing the last words, a deputation from the Popular Club, which had assembled in the square near the Logge dei Lanzi, entered, and presented the desire of the people that a Provisional Government should be created. Numbers of the deputies of the Centre leave the Chamber. Guerrazzi ascends the tribune, and severely reprimands the deputies for leaving their post at the moment of danger, and in vites the others to remain. Guerrazzi then, in the name of the Ministry, gives up his powers and theirs to the Great Council, and all the Ministers take their places among the Deputies. Deputy Socci proposes that in consequence of the absence of an exe cutive power, and the resignation of the Ministry, a Pro visional Government shall be created. Trinci supports the motion, and proposes Montanelli, Guerraszi, and Mazzoni. He wishes that the Chamber may remain as sembled, in order to aid the Provisional Government. Corsini Neri proposes to add to the Provisional Govern ment the Gonfaloniere of the city, and the Vice-Presi dent of the Chamber, Deputy Zannetti. Trinci would leave it to the Provisional Government to add other persons. Cioni Fortuna, seeing that, as the other powers are wanting, the Chamber also no longer represents the people, proposes that the Provisional Government concen trate all authority in itself, and order the election of a new National Assembly. A Deputy of the Left op poses the motion; the Chamber should remain, to give, as it were, the adhesion of the provinces, represented by the Deputies, to the Provisional Government. Trinci moves that all be left to the judgment of the Provisional Government, who have the confidence of the people. Corsini withdraws his motion, and seconds Trinci's pro position, which is unanimously adopted. Montanelli then pronounces a speech, in which he accepts the mis sion, and concludes with the words, Leopold of Austria has abandoned us, but God will not abandon us.' " The Provisional Government, on leaving the Chamber, proceeded to the Logge dei Lanzi, where each of the Members briefly harangued the people, assuring them that they accepted the difficult man date solely by the will of the people. They after wards proceeded, in the midst of enthusiastic cheers, to the Palazzo Vecchio, receiving the military salute from the Civic Guard. All the bells of the city and those of the Palazzo Vecchio were rung in honour of the event. The following proclamations were pub lished at Florence immediately after : " The people of Florence—Considering that the flight of Leopold of Austria is a violation of the Constitution, and leaves the State without Government; considering that the first duty of the people, the only sovereign, is to provide for the urgency of circumstances; and acting as the representatives of the sister provinces, nominates a Provisional Government in the person of citizens Joseph Montanelli, F. D. Guerrazzi, and J. Mazzoni, who shall exercise the Presidency in turns, and the people confide to them the high direction of political affairs, and also, in the name of Italy, Tuscan honour; subject to the -- contlitio - n that - the definitiVe form of go vernment for Tuscany shall be established by the Italian Constituent at ,Rome; and that, in th e meant i me, t h e Provisional Government shall unite with and attach it self to that of Rome, in order that the two States, in the eyes of Italy and of the world, may henceforth form only one.-Bth of February, from the Place of the People. "For the People, "A. Monnzsir, President of the People's Club; " G. B. Niccouni, Vice-President of ditto; " G. B. CIONI, Vice-President of ditto; " DRAGOMANNI, Secretary of ditto." The Tuscan Provisional Government has decreed and decrees what follows : " 1. The advocate A. Mordini is nominated Minister Secretary of State for the department of Foreign Affairs; Professor F. C. Mprmocchi, ,deputy, is nominated Mi nister Secretary of State of the Interior; Dr. L. Roma nelli is nominated Minister Secretary of State in the department of Justice and Worship; Dr. F. Franchini, deputy, is nominated Minister of Public Instruction; M. Mariano d'Ayala, deputy, is nominated Minister of War; XI. P. A. Adami, deputy, is nominated Minister of Fi nance and Public Works. " 2. A member of the Provisional Government shall preside at the Council of Ministers during a week at a time, in the order in which they sign the present. " Done at Florence, the Bth February. " F. D. GUERRAZZI, G. MAZZONI, G. MONTANELLI, " Members of the Provisional Government." The Corriere Lisornese has the following from Grosseto, to the Bth instant : " Yesterday the Grand Duke of Tuscany left Sienna, and went to the villa dell' Abberese, six miles from Gros seto. He was with his family and an Englishman. He seemed to be afraid of being stopped and pursued by the inhabitants of Sienna. This morning at ten he lett for Porto Santo Stetano, where, it is said, the steamer Giglio awaited him, to take him to Portoferrajo. M. G. Pouticelli, of Grosseto, has preceded him. The Popular Club has sent a deputation to retain him: it is hoped this deputation will arrive in time." The Corriere also states a rumour that the Grand Duke has gone to the island of Elba, on board the Bellerophon. It is said that a republic was proclaimed at Rome on the Bth, and the dethronement of the Pork was pronounced the same day. An address has been presented to the King of NAPLES by the Chamber, praying the dismissal of the Minister BozELLI. R Y 16, 1849. TURKE Y. Letiers from Constantinople, of the 25th announce that HAFIZ PActie had been superseded in the Ministry of Finance by Hussa EFFENDI, Mem ber of the Supreme Council of Justice. ABBAS PACHA, the new Viceroy of Egypt, was still in the Ottoman capital. The cholera had totally ceased. IRELAND. (BY ELEC FRIG TELEGRAPH.) MR. DUFFY'S TRIAL. DUBLIN, ThURSDAY EVENING.—The trial of Mr, Duffy has at last commenced. The Court sat this morning at eleven o'clock, when the petty jury panel was called over upon fines of 201, and after four hours occupied in challenging, the Crown succeeded in getting a jury sworn. The prisoner exhausted every one of his peremp tory challenges, and was enabled, by proving cause, to set aside from at least 40 to 50 jurors. The general objections for which these partie s were set aside were either non-reidence within the borough boundary, or being over sixty years of age. At three o'clock (post hour) the Attorney General was just beginning to state the case for the Crown. The general impression current amongst those most competent to give an opinion as to the result of the trial, upon looking over the jury sworn, is, that there will be a disagreement. CHANCERY.-(THIS DAY.) The Lord Chancellor sat to-day in the Old Hall, Lincoln's Inn, for the purpose of hearing unopposed lunatic petitions and appeals. IN RE DICE SOMBRE. This case, which stood on the paper to-day was pos poned till Wednesday next. VICE-CHANCERY.—(THIS DAY.) (Before the VICE CHANCELLOR Of ENGLAND.) Unopposed causo petitions, short causes and cause petitions occupied his Honour the Vice-Chancellor of England the whole morning. (Before the Vice-Chancellor KNIGHT BRUCE.) His Honour was occupied the whole morning with cause petitions of no general interest. (Before the Vice-Chancellor WIGRA)s.) WCALKANT V. RANKIN. The further arguments in this part-heard case were resumed this morning, and occupied the Court the whole day. QUEEN'S BEISCH.—(THIS DAY.) (Sittings at Nisi Prius, at Westminster, before Lord DENMAN and a Special Jury.) THE QUEEN V. KENDALL AND OTHERS. . The further leering of this case was resumed this morning. It will be remembered that it is an indict ment prosecuted at the instance of the East India Com pany, charging certain persons, named Mr. William Richard Creed Kendall, Mrs. Maria Binks, Mrs. Violet Linley, and Mr. George Bickley, with having illegally conspired together for the procuration and sale of a cadetship in the East India Company's service, in the year 1845, on behalf of the son of a Mr. Moore, a ship owner, residing at Plymouth. MONTAGUE CHAMBER/7 6 Q.C., addressed the jury on behalf of th e d e f en d ant , M rs . Linley; this morn ing. What atom of evidence was there, he esked, to show that Mrs. Linley ever conspired with these parties, and more than that, that Kendal should obtain the reward and profit ? With regard to Kendal obtain ing the money, it was perfectly clear that there never was any conspiracy. They were all charged with de siring to have a participation in the profits, and did the jury suppose that if Mrs. Milks was a conspirator Mr. Bickley was a conspirator too ; above all, did they sup pose it likely that they conspired with a view that Kendall should obtain the money? Why, the thing was contradictory. The charge was that all the money that was obtained should be obtained by Mr. Kendall, and that the other parties should not have a single farthing of the profits. The case contradicted the very idea of such a suggestion. He contended that there was no positive proof that Mrs. Linley was engaged in any one of these transactions, and if that were so, he submitted that she ought be be acquitted. The question would be, upon what count of the indictment it was possible to convict her. Mr. Sergeant SHEE then addressed the jury on behalf of Mr. George Bickley, another of the defendants, who is an attorney. He contended that the charge against Bickley had reference to a time subsequent to, and not before, the appointment had been obtained through the influence of Lady Ripon. The charge against him was after that date. Mr. Moore swore yesterday that he then advanced Bickley 100 L He (Mr. Sergeant Shee) asserted that Mr. Moore had sworn what was false, and had sworn it for a purpose, and in the hope of gain to himself, and sworn it falsely that he might earn from the Government what he was to earn, immunity from punishment, or money, or an appointment for another son. He implored them, on the testimony of a man like Moore, not to destroy an honourable man's character. Mr. Sergeant Wriamrs followed on behalf of Mrs. Binks. He observed that it had been said by English men when speaking of themselves that they were pro verbial for their love of fair play. He could not say he thought, if an impartial observer had been called upon to pronounce on the truth of that observation, he would have said that it was true in reference to the manner in which this case had been conducted on the part of the Crown. His client must, therefore, look to the jury alone for fair play. It seemed to him that it was quite impossible they could convict all the parties, at any rate, who were named in the indictment. The very character of the inquiry itself was enough even to make an innocent man tremble. Being innocent himself, and perhaps having no evidence to adduce in support of his innocence, except that of the parties accused with him in the indictment, he might find it utterly impossible to rebut the imputations, the insinuations, and the accu sations that had been urged against him on the other side. Take, for instance, the case of Mr. Bickley; he was a solicitor, and nineteen-twentieths of his arrange ments with his clients were of necessity, and not from choice, of a secret character ; and so highly did the law -regard that secrecy, that if he were put into the witness-box to-morrow in possession of a secret imparted to him by his client of the utmost importance, the law shut his mouth, and said he should not divulge that secret. Engaged as he was for two par ties included in this indictment, whom was he to call to make out his innocence? Were he as innocent as inno cence itself, it was quite possible, nay, probable, that the only parties whom he could call to establish that inno cence were the parties who were mixed up with him in that indictment. Adverting to the evidence given yes terday by Moore and Lavers, the Learned Sergeant said no one could set bounds to the moral evil resulting to the public mind from such a spectacle as that presented by those witnesses. Whatever might be the verdict of thp jury, beyond all question those who were clothed with the greatest amount of infamy, would leave the Court not only unscathed, but in the hope of reward. What effect could it have on the public mind and morals, and parti cularly on the untutored mind, when it was seen that vice was thus rewarded] and escaped untouched, and that the jury were asked to convict their fellow creatures on the testimony of men so worthless. He submitted that the whole of this case had originated in the disap pointment and vindictiveness of Lavers. _ _ Lord Chief Justice DENMAN then proceeded to sum up the case to the jury. He said the Learned Counsel who had last addressed them had said prosecutions of this kiwi did great harm, by the disclosures which they wade ; but in his (Lord Denman's) opinion, they were calculated to do great good. Unless the land was to be over. run by corrupt practices and profligate feelings it was highly expedient that cases of this kind should be exposed in courts of justice, and, whatever might be the result of the verdict, investigations of this kind appeared to him greatly calculated to discounte nance those practices by the disgrace which they cast upon the parties implicated in them. He thought they were highly indebted to the East India Company for in stituting this prosecution, and in his judgment it was highly important to keep in view that it was an offence not merely violating an Act of Parliament, but it was an offence which went to the moral principles of all men by violating not only an Act of Parliament but the first principles which ought to regulate the conduct of all of us towards each other. His Lordship was still address ing the jury when we went to press. EXCHEQUER. -(THIS DAY.) The Court of Exchequer sat in Banco to-day, and proceeded with the demurrer- paper. The cases that came on in the course of the n3ornieg were not of suffi cient importance to justify a report, as they involved questions entirely of a technical character. ___ THE- MACKEREL BOATS.-DETONPORT, WIDNES.. DAL—The mackerel boats have been very successful. The night before last they had a wonderful catch, and sent yesterday to London by South Devon Railway nearly 100 tons. WHITEHATEN AND FURNESS JUNCTION RAILWAY. —Mr. Dees, the resident engineer, fully calculates on being able to open the line for coal traffic from Mire house, near this town, to the river Calder, a distance of some eight or ten miles, previous to the half-yearly meeting on the 26th inst. This section of the line will accommodate the inhabitants of St. Bees, Nethertown, Braystons, and the several other villages in its locality. In the month of May next Mr. Dees also expects to be able to open the line from Mirehouse to the station in Preston•street, in this town ; and we may also observe, that capital progress is being made with the (contract from Calder to Drigg, from which point to Ravenglass the line is already on the eve of completion ; and the Bootle contract still further south, is is the like forward state. — Cumberland Pacquet. KING'S COLLEGE HOSPlTAL.—Yesterday afternoon a quarterly general court of the governors of this excel lent charity was held at the board-room, Portugal-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields. The report read by the secretary stated that the number of in-patients during the year had been 1,253, and the out-patients no less than 19,383. A legacy of 501. was reported from the late C. T. Pearce, Esq., and atter the disposal of some routine business, the meeting separated. REPORTED DEATH OF MR. DROVET AT THE PAU , PER Asmum.—The report of the death of Mr. Diouet, as stated in our paper of yesterday in the proceedings of the St. Pancras Vestry, is not true. Mr. Drou4t has for some days past been Buffering from sev. re illness, but Mr. Kite, the surgeon to the establishment, .prod . Ounees him to be out of danger. • t,i(r:LE v acid COMMERCIAL Cll Y, QUARTER TO THREE. The demand for - Cot;en at. Liverpool yesterday was active, and a large business was done, and very full price& laid for all descriptions. The sales were estimated at 14,000 to 15,000 bales, including a considerable portion on speculation. The Railway Share Market was better again. - Tr,e Corn Market is very heavy again to. day. The further triumph of the French Ministry, and the consequent advance in the Rente has tdforded much satisfaction here, although for the moment its influence here is neutralised by the large money sales of stock that are being pressed. The progress of the South American States towards the redemption of the foreign claims upon them has been so sat.sfactory of late as to command the respect of Europe, and afford, at the same time, a striking contrast to what has been accomplished in the Peninsular. Por tugal, by sheer bad government, finds itself unable to maintain its credit, even under the last reduced ar rangement accomplished by the forbearance of its cre ditors ; and Spain has been content to pay a paltry annual sum upon its debt, leaving the arrears steadily and most injuriously to accumulate. We feel especial pleasure now in chronicling a return to dividend pay tnents by the State of New Grenada, which has not met the interest due for all last year, but now by laudable exertions is about to do so. The agents, Messrs. Baring, Brothers, and Co. have intimated to the Committee of Spanish American bondholders that they have in hand 13,385/., and that by the lust advices from Bogota they received information that the Government had directed 500,000 francs to be remitted. This will be adequate with the amount in hand to pay the two dividends, and there is a promise that a fourth part of the duties at Santa Martha shall in future be sent to England. The question of shortening the date of bills accepted in India is of considerable importance, and must be pressed to an early solution. Trade can never be ina sound condition while credit is strained, an d t h e main point will be to see that no parties are injured, or un duly favoured by an alteration of the system. The rapid overland conveyance may bring drafts and advices of market s , b ut t h e transport o f goo d s occup i es the same time as of old. The merchant thus finds himself drawn upon ere he has time to place his goods, for which, in the ordinary course, he in turn must give credit to the b u y er, and so far the manufacturer is placed in a better position than himself. We merely allude to this view of the case, admitting that there is much to be said on the other aide, because we have not observed that any of our contemporaries have touched upon it. Consols opened with an improving appearance, and at higher rates than those obtained last night, but a reac tbn was soon occasioned by a renewed supply of money_ stock, said to be for account of the Scotch banks as well as for the railway companies,.which have their dividends to meet. Presuming that the latter have invested to any extent, we might expect a very considerable deprecia tion in prices, but generally, we believe, Exchequer.. bills are taken by corporate bodies which are likely soen again to want their surplus funds. Greater activity In trade will have some effect in inducing sales, but the bankers generally have as yet plenty of money to ac commodate their customers at comparatively low rates. Consols, after being 944, have since :declined to 93i and are now 931 1 for present transfer. Time bargains have been made at 944 to 934. The New Three-and-a- Quarter per Cents. have been 951 to 941. Bank Stock is 195 to 196. Exchequer-bills of March are 40s. to 435. premium. India Stock is at 245. The Foreign Securities have been without much aria don. Spanish Five per Cents. 18 to 18i, and Portu guese Four per Cents. 25} to 26. Mexican 251 to ft and flat. Grenada at an advance to 16/ 1 and 17. Bra zilian firm at 82. Dutch Two-and-half per Cents. ateadf at 504. The Share-market is rather good, although there has been a decline in a few of the lines. Caledonian, Mid land, Scottish Central, and Hudson's are scarcely so good. The rest generally firm. ONE t.:Loz..ISO k :ItlTt6L.l e U.Nlis, rCLOCK. PRICES. 'rank Stock 196 195 197 or Cent. Reduced Arms. 9 4 1 /4 LA 93 3 / 4 93 3 4 6 per Cent. Consols Annuities 9 4 14 93 1 ,4% 93% ' .N:ew 3U per Cent. Anne.-- , 9SU 95 94%% 9434 .I.ong Arms. to expire J an. 1860 -16 3-16 9 3-1 6 India Stock 245 248 , ndia Bonds, 1,0001. Ditto under 1,000/. ... ..... .- 52 p 56 p Consols for Account 94% 93 3 A 94 93% 93% - xchequer Bills. 2 1 / 4 d. & 2d. 1,000/. March 1,0001. June 46 49 p 45 P 5001. Match. 500/. June Small, March .. 44 p 44 P Small. June PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS OWE CLOsili 0 veLocx. PRWES. Austrian, 5 per Cent . ....... 80 80 Brazilian Bonds Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent 26 2G Cuba Bonds, 6 per Cent .. ...... Equador Bonds Grenada Bonds, 1 per Cent. l 6 l /4 17 16% 16% Ditto Deferred Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846 25 % 1 /4 % 1 4 25 . , Ditto, Account Ditto, Small , — 25% Portuguese 5 per Cents. 26 75 Ditto, 4 per Cent 2 5 34 25 3 4 Ditto, Account ......... Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840. Ditto. Account lB 17% 17% Ditto, Passive Ditto, 3 per Cent -- Ditto, Account . 291 Dividends on the above payable in London. Dutch 2 1 / 4 per Cent., 12 Guild: ... 50% 50% Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates SO I / 4 81 tYN PRICES OF PAID . BUSINESS DONE cLOSINO RAILWAY SHARES. AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES. A.berdeen 5O ...... 18 1 / 4 x n........ 11Nia Birmingham and Ox ford Junct., calls duly paid, or with a guaran. 20 Boston, Stamfd & Birm. 5 Caledonian Ditto, Quarter Shares 114 5 Do. New 101. Pref..... 7 1 / 4 ... „. 8%%.... Chester and Holyhead... 50 ...... 22 1 / 4 22% Ditto, Preference Dublin and Belfast June. 35 ..-.. $ East Anglia, 251., L. & E. and L. and D...... 25 ...... 3% 1 / 4 •3% Do., 3/. 10s. Eastern Counties........ 20 ...... 11 1 / 4 % 1 1 54 Do. New Guaranteed 6 per Cent. ..... ..... 10 ...... 11% 12 11% ll% Ditto,Extension,s per Cent., No. 1 6/.135. 4d.... 14 p % P Eastern Union, Class A (late E. U. Shares) 25 - Do., Class B (L & B.) 22 1 / 4 9 l/4 9% East Lincolnshire ...... 25 Edinburgh and Glasgow 50 Exeter,Yeovil, & Dorch. 2% l% l% Great Northern - 1 0 Vg Do., it A Deferred ... 12 1 / 4 -- 4% 5 5 Do., 1 / 4 B 6 per Cent. guaranteed ... .... 6 1 / 4 65% - ... ..... sle rear bouth. and West. (Ireland) ;relit North of England.loo ......240;4 -- Great Western 100 ...... 22 1 ,i Ditto, 14 Shares Ditto, Fifths ... 20 - 1 Ditto, New 171..... . 15 .....14 Lancwhire -- & Yorkshire 93 ..... Ditto, ditto A Do. Quarter ,Shares... 17 1 / 2 Do. Fifths... lO - . . ... 81 4 Do. Sixteenths 6 14 — ......... ... .. 6 Do. New, Gua. 6 per ct. 7 Do.( W. Riding nion) 8 .. Do. (Preston & Wyre) 25 London &Blackwell...l3/.68.8d.... 4% 4% London, Brighton. and South Coast Ditto, New 51., guar. 6 per cent. .. London and N. Western 100 l4O 141 ... 14 1 /'1 Ditto, New - 12 3 / 4 Ditto, Fifths ..... .. Do. 10/. tM. & B.) C 1 ...... . , 5 Gond. &S. Western . " , .•IN-Nv Wt.. ... ..... 42 1 ,4_ - ... Ditto, New, 40/ Ditto. Thirds...:.._... 15 Manchester; . Sheffield, and Lincolnshire -.100 - D 0.% Shares (No. 3) 12% 6 13 ••• 6* . " Midland ~.. ... • . .......100 ...... 924 934 92... 9 9 - 1 4, Do., d0., , 501. Shares .. 25 ... .. 204% 2 04 Do.Consol:Bristol and Birming., 6 per 0t....100 ......124% Norfolk -...-- 100 Do. Guaranteed 5 p ct. 20 North British ....:... ... 25 ...... ..• , -- , Ditto, Quarters Ditto, Thirds .... - - 8 1 / 2 .. .. 4 3 4 4 North Staffordshire l5 . 12 1 4% ' 121 Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton ... .60 Reading, Guildford, and Reigate 1 2 1% 1 3 1,.• .... .. ...... 13/4 Scottish Central Scottish Midland Shrewsbury and Birra... 10 • Ditto ditto. Class B. 6 ...... 3% 34, Ditto, New Guaranteed 8 • 9A 930 Shrewsbury & Chester (Nor. W. Min.) Ditto Oswestry ...... 18 1 / 2 ls Ditto New .. 1.• .. ... 1 4 4 Do. 8 per, Cent. Pref. 10 Shropshire * Union 277 South Devon 5O ...... 16 ......,_ ... 1 6 Do. Preference - 15 South Staffordshire 7 14 -- -- 4 1 / 4 4%%... ........ v South Eastern Do., No: 3 ....... ...... 30 ...... • 22 1 4 224 Do., Scrip No 4 South Wales South Yorkshire, Don caster, and Goole ,44 York, Newcastle, and Berwick. .... ......,,,,,,,_, 25 .. "'_ . ...... - Do. Original New and Berwick .. ...... ... .. 25 .... . 28% ••• ..... ..... 2816 IL Do. Extension No. 1. 20 Do. do. No. 2. ... 20 .21 1 / 4 . York and No r th Mi dland 50 ......:. 551... .. ....-- . 567 w IL REIGN RAILWAYS. Boulogne and Amie FO ns... 20 . 10;e 9 3 4 lO Central of France (Or- JO% leans and Vierzon)... 18 .. , 14 Dutch Rhenish ...... ... 7%..... 1 1 ,E .. .. . ... 4‘ Luxembourg 7 - i z.. JO Ditto .......... ......... - 10 ...... 1 % ex.int INo Namur and Liege Northern of France...... 12 Orleans and Bordeaux-. 7 ...... 3 3 / 4 ' cl Paris and Rouen .. ..... 20 ..... 20 19% ex. d 1 93 Paris and Strasbourg ... 9 31,21 3......» • 12% Rowin and Havre Sambre and Meuse 2O - 6 5 3 4 ............ . 2 Tours and Nantes 9 ...... 2V6 ..... .-1 3 ,4 West Flanders.-- ..... 8%..... 2 JOINT STOCK BANKS. - .. 24 London & Westminster. 20 ...... ... i In! no obi tie! No 110 tux ol Th 2/, to ; Per 4d Is, h e qui Wi t 1/4re m e pr ( th e 3,1 ti oi ko Aol tha I` l3 * W I in I to( the itg for