The Sun. — London, England, 1855-10-10 00:00:00

TREAT ILE ROYAL, DRU ItY•LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS EVENING, Will be performed MARRIED FOR. MONEY. Characters by Mr. Charles Mathews, Messrs. Robert Roiby and A. Youngs ; Mrs. F. Matthews, Miss M. Oliver, and Miss Ma son will appear. To be followed by NITOCRIS. Caracters by Messrs. E. F. Ed. per, Stuart, B. Sullivan, G. Wild, C. V i ncent, &c.; Miss Glyn, Mrs. Miss De Vere, Miss Anderton, Miss Cleveland, &c. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKIDT. Under the Management of Mr. Bucivitone. TEIL4 EVENING, Will be Performed THE MAN' OF MANY FRIENDS. After which. THE PRETTY GIP3EY AND TILE BULL FIGHTER. Followed by COURT FAVOrlt. After which, THE SPANIS 3 DANCERS. To conclude with JOHN JON'ES. • THEATRE ROYAL ADELPIEL Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, Will be performed RORY 0' MORE. Characters by Messrs. Hud eon, F. Uedford, C. Selby, Feriae. J. Bland. Garden, &c. ; Mary Keeley. Kate Kelly, Wyndham, &c. Followed by A MOVING TALE. To conclude with OCEN SESAME. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. J. 11. Anderson, 18, Norfolk-street, Strst Increased Attractions, and success in equal ratio ! THIS, AND EVERY EVENDIG, at Eight o'Clock, Will be presented. with entirely New and 3lagnificent Appoint ments, M.4.GIC and MYSTERY, in twelve acts, arranged in two parts, by Professor Anderson. After which, the startling illustrations of Spirit-Rapping. HALF AN-HOUR WITH Td E sPIRIT 6, being the meet and i n teresting series of ex periments ever given within the walLssurprising of any theatre. 84,721 persons have visited the Lyceitm already to see the Great Wizard of the North. p r ices of admission: —Private Saxes, I!. 113. 64. and IL Is.; Orchestra Stalls, 45.: Dress Boxes, 35.; Upper Boxe.s, 2s. ; is.; Gallery, 6d. Ne Half-price. Box-office open from 11 to 5 Grand Morning Performance on Saturday Next at Two o'Clock Doors open at Half-past One. ROYAL ESTRAND THEATRE. Under the direction of Mr: Payne. THIS EVEITINO, WM be performed THE HEIi: AT LAW. Dr. Pangloss, Mr W. Shalders. After which, A DAY IN FARIS. To conclude wits a new Railer, introducing the Tatriotfc Dance "Les Allies," with a View of sebastapol and the Malakhoff Tower ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. TAMS and Manager, Mr, Wm. Cooke. THIS EVENING, The wonderful'' , successful Equestrian Military Spectacle, by J R. SToccomna, Esq.. called. The FALL of SEBASTOPOL ! Th. Storming of the Malakhofr, &^., &c. A numerouz company vr, auxiliaries ! Mr. William Cooke's matchless stud of trained horse and a battle-field formed by both the ring and the stage ! After which the EQUESTRIAN S'2ENES in the CIRCLE, and other Entertainments. Ltoinonlce open from Eleven till Four: Stage Manager , Mr. W Wut. Acting Man ag r Mr. Nelson Lee. ECllloBtrittll Directo , Mr W. Cooke, Jun. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY—Morn. 33 min. aft. I.—Evening 48 min. aft. TO-MORROW —Morn. 1 min. aft. 2—Evening 16 min. aft. THE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, Oct. 10. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. G 3 —highest since noon• yesterday. 4S —lowert this morning and during the night. 71—this day, at noon. _ _ BAROMETER, 29'75. WIND, N.N.W.—Light, with fine sunshiny weather. Rain last night. .5% ' rC':y: ; b .11,51,11 - - LONDON, WEDNESDA.Y, OCTOBER 10, 1855. We yesterday announced that the Allied Fleets had anchored off Odessa on the Bth instant, and that the bombardment of the city was momen tarily expected. We earnestly hope that on this occasion there may be no mistake, but that the anxious anticipation of the country may be fully realised. The extraordinary leniency previously exhibited in sparing the great commercial empo- rium of Southern Russia, so strongly excited the national indignation, proving as it did that the hearts of the Members of the then Government were not in accordance with those of the people, that we cannot suppose that 30 glaring an error will again be perpetrated. To that injudiciow clemency may be attributed the protracted struggle before Sebastopol, and the lavish expenditure of blood and treasure. The CzAr was thereby in duced to reject the terms tendered for his accept a,uce, and to harden his heart in the supp;sitior. that the Allies could not really intend to diminish his power, or even to humiliate his pride. Wen they in earnest, they could not have overlooked 4 measure of such vital importance to their faturc: success. But tho nephew of the Governor of Southern Russia, ono of whk - )e.o gor- geous palaces was situeteri at Odessa, was not only a Cabinet Minister, but` was placed in a situation closely connected with the management of the War. His nearest friend and coadjutor, whose views and opinions were identical with his own, was First Lord of tho Admi ralty, and, as such, empowered to issue secret instructions, totally at variance with the official despatches ; while the third member of the triumvirate controlled the public expenditure, and was thereby enabled to starve the War. These persons have, since that period, con demned themselves out of their own mouths. They have shown themselves to be staunch pro- Muscovites, who would not assent toany thing calcu lated to materially damage the interests of their Autocratic friend. We can, therefore, make every allowance for the causes that prevented the British fleet from acting energetically, and decidedly de stroying the city, as a mast important station o the enemy, rather than inflicting a petty punish ment for their most nefarious violation of the law o f nations, by their wilful and deliberate attack on a boat's crew under the sacred protection of a fly; of truce. These sinister influences have, however, fortu nately been removed. The Cabinet has, to a cer tain. extent, been purified, and although we can place no great oonfidence in the present head of the Admiralty, we know that he is made of very squeezable materials, and; that he would not ven ture to imperil his place by openly entering in Opposition to the expressed wishes of Lis leader. We believe, then, that the bands of the Admiral will no longer be ti e d, and,-as a necessary corol lary, that the bombardment will be effectual, and that Odessa will share the fate of Sebastopol that it will, at all events, be destroyed, if 110+ ' taken possesiion of and garrisoned by the Allied forces. A measure so decided would be the more important, as the AUTOCILA.T and his brother-; would personally witness the heavy blow and great discouragement thus inflicted on their power, and would, therefore, at length learn to correctly estimate the inflexible determination of the West ern Nations to check the traditional aggressive po licy in which their progenitors have so long indulged with impunity. The example will, we tenet, be fairly followed up. We now know the nature of the influ ence that induced us to wage a rose to allow Russia to carry o n h er water war," and trade and commerce, with but little restriction, under cover of Prussian colours. That grievous error has protracted the War, and materially en hanced the burdens it has placed upon the corn. =unity. It cannot be much longer persisted in deference either to Germanism or the Peace-at any-price party. We cannot permit the Prussians to reap extravagant profits at our expense, aild the expense of our gallant Allies. It is too heavy a price to pay for their soi-disant neutrality, which is altogether in favour of the adversary, and opposed to French and British in to• rests. It is not be eaus • e the Prussian E 317 nominally floats oveie Me me 1 2 while it is to all in- t en ts and purposes a Russian port, and, sis~ owns, the blockade of Riga and other t own s , the emporium, of Russian commerce in the B a lti c , that it: trade should be kee. It ill useless to maintain our squadron at so enormous a cost if the commerce which they are directed to cut off, can be carried on under so flimsy a veil. If the British Government be really in earnest—and we are disposed to place every reasonable degree of confidence in Lord PALMERSTON—We shall find that Odessa is not only summarily disposed of, ')ut that Nicolaieff and Kherson will also be visited, while in the North there will be a strict blockade of Memel and Pillau, and the restriction of Prussian commerce to the natural products of Prussia, and of countries not actually at war with the Western Powers. _ _ _ On this point we would earnestly invite atten don to a letter addressed by " A Traveller" to a morning contemporary, which we have extracted into another part of our impression, and which will be found well worthy of perusal and deliberate consideration. Self-education rarely escapes the attendant result of dogmatism. However much we admire the power of mind which has achieved in its chosen line some almost unparalleled success, we have generally to wish it had done so collaterally with a multitude of other minds equally powerful, now in honourable rivalry, now in different but equally. arduous pursuits. We are constrained to wish also that some tutor had by his able guidance both engendered the idea of the possible superiority of others, and by innumerable practi cal experiments convinced his pupil not only that man was fallible, but that even such a man as the pupil himself could err. Somehow, from the in. valuable self-reliance by whose aid many rise on of the ranks, it is almost impossible to dissociate an overweening opinion of their own judgment, a slowness to suppose that what others originate can well be right, or at least be trustworthy ; and an absolute impatience of all opposition or contra- diction. There are, of course, exceptions to the natural tendency of self-acquired knowledge and capacity, and plenty of exceptions to what ought to be the universal effect of high educational advantages ; still, the general results of self-suffi ciency and contempt of those who differ, in the one ease, aid of greater modesty and fairness to opponents, in the other, are so obvious that we look for them as appropriate concomitants. The great leaders of the League are certainly no ex- ception to the general rule. In their respective modes Mr. COBDEN and Mr. BRI6HT are both orators. The uniform attention of the British House of Commons—the unsough testimony of a PEEL or BULWER, if any testimony were wanted, are ,proof enough of that. We, none of us, whether political friends or opponents, should like to miss them from the House of Com mons, yet men of their power and influence are not free from the defect incident to being almost the sole architects of their own mental fortune. They know of but one rule for all things, one style of building. Free Trade made them what they are ; they in return would make Free Trade (and its apparent corollaries) what it is not—the test of everything. They are not probably con- scious of this themselves ; we think them, in deed, two as honest politicians as ever lived, Still Free Trade is the code NAPOLEON of their political honesty. Whatever does not interfere with its working is innocent--whatever does is treason, and must be hung, drawn, and quartered. The sovereign idea has so long ruled in their tninds, so long had the exclusive control of all their observations, meditations, conclusions, and utterances, that whenever their faculties operate an other subjects it is under the Free-Trade drill, and to the tune of the Anti-Corn-Law march. Ail this is, indeed, most strongly developed in the Member for Manchester. Mr. COBDEN has 4ot rid of much of it, though even he can never entirely lose it, and we believe would not wish. Mr. BnIGHT, however, is as completely a. ever " dominated" by Free Trade. It commands the whole of his mind. It renders it untenable by any, even temporarily, hostile intruders. Hence his peculiar course on the War. He has, like all other Frien&, a retigious conviction on the sub ject, which he never adverts . to but in the most befitting manner ; having this in common with the " estimable sect" to which lie belongs, we all respect the sanctity of this conviction. Pro perly, however, refraining from " casting this holy thing to dogs," he blazes away at every one, right and left—the Prime Minister—or the plain member, or the " brutal, lying, hireling Press"—at all who are guilty of thinking this War a painful necessity. With the Press, somehow, Mr. BRIGHT is almost always in a state of incan descent indignation, while every now and then, as on the peculiarly opportune occasion of a Friendly Societies' meeting, he boils over with wrath. The Press has always done Mr. BRIGHT justice, if it has done it to any public man, but it thinks with the people generally regarding the War—it sustains the feelings which would rather bear additional taxation, and even those which will rather endure the sorrows of bereavement, than see despotic barbarism and ambition triumphant. Hence the proclaimed contempt of Mr. BRIGHT, hence his charges of dishonesty, and mean, even mercenary motives ! Hence his re gret that editors have no longer to write in gar rets reached by the back-stairs, but that they enjoy the comforts provided by Free-trade in decent rooms, " get a guinea, perhaps two, for what they are told to write," and exercise a power ful influence with the people. The War interferes with Free Trade, i.e, between trade free on our part, and the extravagant pro tectionism of Russia ; for elsewhere trade follows very much its usua l course. Trade with all the world, save a milli on or two a-year w i th the ob structer of the Danube, being perfectly open ; and as to the price of wheat and money, America, espe cially in regard to the former, is proof enough that the War is not answerable for it, Mr. BRIGHT, h uv reeer, sees the evils of the War in every depres siona of trade ; they incur the penalti es th ere f ore of the highest law he knows, and all who re a so s blind as to thin k them necessar y ev ils are not in deed dismissednd by him as at baleinlfilshmerely but objects. For dishonest, and the twentieth time, Mr. BRIGHT proclaimed in a public speech that his is a perfectly honest opinion Does he imagine that people doubt, Heas itlhl,f wehe does, what makes him think so . presume, no signboard on his mill—" J. 8., the honest manufacturer." Why must he to be for ever gilding his political signboard with what should be such needless commendations But to leave Mr. BRIGHT under the pleasing delusion of being more honest, as well as humane a n d w i se th an a ll the nation, i s no t all this tirade a b ou t ge tti ng more peace at once, and own ing all the objects of the War attained, mere de clamation ? How would he go about it ? A duellist, when his sword had drawn blood from his adversary, used to ask him whether he was satisfied. We have now inflicted a real wound on Russia, and instead of being satisfied she an nounces that she cannot make peace after a defeat ! We fight, therefore, with an enemy who proclaims war to the knife ; for since, of course, she does not expect us to consult our own honour less than she does hers, as we cannot, therefore, also make pace altosa deice, the Wu mint go on till Ells. sia or the Allies, or both, are completely ex hausted ! If Mr. BRIGHT and the Quaker ambassadors would try their hand again on the Russian EM PEROR and his Court, and bring them over to peace at any price, he would find the Allies, we fear, but too reasonable. Alas! these modern Quakers are the very reverse of the Great PRINCE of PEACE, whose precepts they profess so literally to obey. How different their smooth oration to the man whose hands were yet red with the mur der of Poland and Hungary, and whose ambition was then cloaking itself detestably under profes sions of zeal for Christianity—how different from their LORD'S denunciations of Scribes and Phari sees, and Princes too, who made religion a pretext for their ambitious and covetous schemes. Old GEORGE Fox would, we believe, have told Nu:mo us the truth in plain terms, had he paid him a visit, and rather have gone to Siberia than not do it. All of us could have at least admired such courage as well as Major-General WINDHAM'S. But WILLIAM PENN is the type of modern Quakerism. Old GEORGE did the honest work of an enthusiast, and said nothing about his honesty. He let prisons and the like witness for him. His successors are fallen on easier times. Still honesty is its own best witness, especially when unchal- .ended. According to a Return just printed by the Cus toms, the traders of the port of London have a real grievance to complain of in the restriction of bonding privileges. While bonding privileges to private wine vaults have been granted to 947 persons in the provinces, in London they are restricted to the London, St. Katharine, and West India Pock Companies, and five legal quays bonding estab lishments. If the requisite facilities and grounds for perfect confidence were afforded in these the monopoly would be provoking and prejudicial enough ; but, in addition to the extra charges, &c., produced by it, recent events have shown that much reliance cannot be placed in the safe keeping of wines intrusted to the Dock Companies, and that, if a preference be given to the Quays, they cannot supply accommodation for 1,000 pipes of wine. This is really too bad, and it may well be asked, " Why are 142 merchants of Liverpool, or 107 at Bristol, to have the privilege of bonding wine at their own pri vate vaults, while the merchants of the me tropolis of the commerce of the world are to be entirely denied that right ? The Lon don merchant must go to the Dock Companies, whose servants may embezzle his wine or adulte rate it, or to one of the five legal quays, whose premises perhaps cannot accommodate his im ports. He must submit to what monopoly charges they choose to exact, but he is not permitted to bond his wine in his own cellars, be they ever so central and convenient or secure, while every small trader in the provinces may store his wine where he pleases, provided he can find the requi site securities." The prejudicial results of the monopoly are apparent in the fact that the increase of the stock of wine in London, for the year 1855, is only 726,565 gallons on 6,129,990 ; while in the favoured provinces it is 788,830 gallons on an aggregate of only 4,342,442. Why the London merchant should continue subject to so great a discouragement, unless it be for the convenience of the Customs and the profit of the Dock Com panies, passes our comprehension. Surely he is quite as able as any provincial to construct vaults of adequate security ; and if mechanical or technical difficulties stand in the way, it is the duty of the Board of Customs to seek out a mode of surmount ing them. It cannot be consistent with the spirit of free trade, it cannot be right that the fair trader, and the public whom he serves, should suffer, as both do, for the convenience of the Cus toms and the profit of the Dock Companies. This, however, is not the only reform needed in connec tion with the bonding of wines. Monstrous as it may seem, the Board of Customs actually pro hibits the merchant from bottling wine in bond, and to enable him to do so he has either to pay the duty years before the wine is fit for use, or vat it in his private cellars until it is ripe, or else to re-export it, bottle it in the Channel Islands, and re-import it as it becomes seasonable for con sumption ! No wonder, with such disadvantages and obstructions to contend against, the London wine trade languishes, and the consumption of wine and the revenue derived from it throughout the country have not kept pace with the increase of wealth and population. The London merchant is extra-weighted, and the outlay needlessly called for in the trade generally makes good wine dear, because the capitalist alone can lay out of his money long enough for the required improvement, which he takes good care the purchaser shall pay for. Is Mr. COBDEN at oue with the Turk re specting wine that he makes no * stir in this matter ? Chevalier Bunsen, lately Prussian Minister at our Court, has been named as one of the Liberal candidates for the representation of the city of Berlin in the Prus sian Chamber. Yesterday morning the marriage of Lady Charlotte Elliott, daughter of the Earl of Minto, with Mr. Portal, M.P., was solemnised at the Church of St. George's, Hanover-square. Amongst the friends and relatives of the bride and bridegroom present were Lord and Lady John Russell. THE TURKISH CONTINGENT.—A further body of arti ficers, clerks, interpreters, &c., is being organised for this corps. BANQUET TO CRIMEAN HEROES AT GLASGOW.—A grand banquet is to take place in Glasgow on Friday next in honour of the Crimean heroes. A scheme is now before the Governor of New South Wales for a steam-packet communication between Panama and Tahiti, with branch steam lines between Tahiti and Sydney and Melbourne. The steam-frigate Darien, hating in tow the from Fus6e. ent?red Toulon on the 6th , coming the Black Sea. _ THE GUIDING STAB.—Great anxiety is at present felt for the safety of the above fine vessel, which left the Mersey in January last, with a large number of Govern ment emigrants, for Melbourne, and had not arrived at last advices. PREFERMENT.—The Rev. 0. F. Owen, MA., to the vicarace of Child's Wickham, in the county and diocese of Gloucester ; patron, the Rev. Thomas Marsden. CRYSTAL PALACE.—SHILLING DAY.—Monday, Oct. 8, 1855.—Admissions on payment, 5,807 ; do. by sea son tickets, 402 ; total visitors, 6,209. Corresponding day last year, 4,174. A. Genoa newspaper states that Pietro Freccia, a well-known Italian sculptor, recently became raving mad at Castelanuova, his native place, and that his brother Giovanni, who lives at Florence, was so affected on hearing of his misfortune that he flung himself out of a high window and was killed on the spot. FATAL ACCIDENT AT BLACKFRIAR'S-BRlDGE.—Yes terday morning, between eleven and twelve o'clock, a man named James lost his life off Freeman's wharf, near Thackfriar's-bridge, while in the act of leaning over barge overboard,. to secure a pi ece o f fl oa ti n g timber. He fell and was drowned. The body was not found till past one o'clock. NUMEROUS DEITIS BY DROWNlNG.—Yesterday Mr. Baker, the coroner, received information of the deaths by drowning, of no less than four persons, three of whom were males, who are unknown, and whose bodies were found in the river Thames and in the East India Dock. Esq., F.S.A., delivered an • .— Last night Leone d n e troductory lecture at BANKING AND COMMERCIAL LAW Om au tn . 7cial law, to a Levi, King's College on banking an d manager of the London and . Westmins ter Prinip . ai; highly respectable and crowde i whom were the Rev. R. W. Jell, D•1: 041 the princip al a mo ngst Gilbert,several other gentlemen engaged • B M a r n . k; a nd and commercial pursuits. in banking LAYING THE FIRST STONE OF CANONEURY CHAPEL, ISLINGTON.—In consequence of the deficiency of church and chapel accommodation in this locality, the committee of the London Congregational Chapel Building Society sa . d ~, patinae&have recently purchased an eligible plo t o f f reehold land in St. Paurs•road, Highbcry , w hereon to erect a cha pel. Yesterday the foundation•atone was laid by Henry Spicer, Esq in the proem.% ) of a. large assemblage. of 14 3191 • TEE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 10 1855 LATEST NEWS. ARRIVAL OF THE ALLIED FLEET OFF ODESSA. BERLIN, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 10. Prince Gortschakoff has telegraphed to St. Petersburg that the enemy's fleet (the Allies), which left Kamiesh on the 7th, appeared off Odessa early on the morning of the Bth instant, and anchored there. _ The following appeared in our Third Edition of yesterday : A telegraphic despatch received yesterday after noon at Hamburg from St. Petersburg states that the Allied fleets anchored off Odessa on the Bth. At the time that this very important telegra phic announcement was sent from Odessa to the Russian capital the bombardment had not com menced, but it was momentarily expected. VIENNA, TUESDAY. The following has also been received : A telegraphic message, dated from Nicolaieff, Oct. Bth, states :—Early this morning a squadron of the Allied fleets, consisting of 9 line-of-battle ships, 28 steamers, 9 gun-boats, and three float ing batteries, cast anchor off Odessa. MARSEILLES, TUESDAY. The Jourdain has arrived. She left Constan- tinople on the Ist Oct. The Greek Patriarch has been dismissed. Gene ral Vivian's Contingent is embarking for Kertch. Colonel Evans has resumed his command. Re inforcements from the Turkish cavalry at Varna are being sent to Eupatoria. A squadron of the Chasseurs d'Afrique were surrounded, near Yenikale, by six Russian squad- rons ; they succeeded in opening a passage through the enemy, leaving 15 behind them. [This seems to be the skirmish already telegraphed from St. Petersburg, in which the Russians claim 25 pri soners.] The Journal de Constantinople states that the Commander of the Army of the Danube has been ordered to prepare for the reception of 50,000 French, who are expected at Silistria in October. The army of Kars is said to be suffering greatly, and its surrender is feared. BERLIN, MONDAY. The elections for the Chamber of Deputies took place to-day. Count de Schwerin, the former President of the Second Chamber, has been elected in three places ; and M. Patow, Councillor of Legation, in two. There has also been elected :—M. Knesne, Di rector-General of Customs ; M. de Prittwitz, Major-General ; M. Mathies, Superior Councillor of Regency; and M. Fleck, Councillor-General. CONSTANTINOPLE, Ocr. 4. The Archbishop of Amasia has beeu appointed Patriarch of Constantinople. The Anglo-Turkish Contingent has received positive orders to go to Shumla. NAPLES, OCT. 7. Admiral Stopfoxd's fleet of four sail of the line and two steamers has left Naples on a cruise. MADRID, OCT. 8. Segasti is dead. The Government has laid be ore the Cortes a Bill for the better regulation of factories. ATHENS, OCT. 5. Notwithstanding the note of the Western Powers, the King persists in the dismissal of M. Kalergi. The Cabinet has resigned, and the Am bassadors have threatened to leave the capital. THE CRIMEA. The Journal de Constantinople has the following from the Crimea, dated 23d ult. : "The English fleet left Sebastopol on the 22d, with troops on board, for Eupatoria, where a diversion is to be made against the Russian army, at the same time that an attack will be directed against it on the side of the Tchernaya. Marshal Pelissier is now in the plain of Baidar, and it is generally believed that the allied armies will take the field on Wednesday next. Future operations, however, are kept so secret that there is no telling what they are to be. The Generals-in-Chief have for some days held repeated councils of war, the result of which has not transpired. The troops chosen to participate in the field operations are the 2d corps of the French army, the Highlanders, the Guards, and two other English divisions, the Black and Yellow brigades of the Piedmontese army, and 12 battalions of the Ottoman army, commanded by Osman Pasha. The entire cavalry of the allies is to accompany the expe dition. Strong batteries are being erected beyond the Redan for the purpose of opening fire upon the north side of the bay. Sebastopol will evidently be come the centre of operations. It is intended to extend the railway to the inter;or of the place. Mr. Beattie, the director of the road, has been for some days examin ing the ground through which the line might pan in the direction of Inkerman. The Russian prisoners state the retreating garrison have thrown into the port 500 or 600 brass guns, and they even mention the spot where they are immersed. Divers will shortly be employed to ascer tain the correctness of the statement. The admirals were likewise desirous to know what could be done with the sunken ships ; but the result of the inquiry made by their orders convinced them that the fleet was lost both for them and the Russians. The Governors of Sebas topol have received many applicitions- from merchants and shopkeepers at Balaklava and Kamiesh for authori sation to form establishments in the city. Others have proposed to reopen two or three hotels, the sign -boards of which still exist, and to repair and furnish them at their own expense. Two or three comfortable hotels would certainly be of great use, and might be profitable to the owners, as tourists abound in the place. Every day intrepid amazons are to be met with riding through the streets and promenades, and many visitors have al ready inscribed their names on the walls of the principal edifices." THE WAR IN ASIA. ERZEROIIII, Sept. 11.—Letters from Kars of the Ist and 3d inst. state that the Russian cavalry patrole the whole country, and watch with the greatest attention all the roads by which Kars is approached. Corn is exceedingly scarce here, and detachments as continually being sent out for the purpose of procuring fodder. The Russians op pose to these detachments bo The dies serable of infantr Conditon and sometimes of cavalry. mi of the horses, both of the cavalry and artillery, was such that the Machir determined to send them from Kars. More than three thousand, with a thousand riders, left the city on their road to Olti. The Russians received intelligence of this, and fell upon the troop near Chiakmak, between two and three leagues from Kars, on the night of the sth inst. They put the Turks to flight, 200 of the latter being left on the field of battle. The rem nant fled in various directions. A few hundred men and horses arrived in Olti. Of the remainder we have received no account. To show the miserable condition of the cavalry of Kars, it will be sufficient to state that of four regiments of this arm of the service, forming a por tion of the corps from Arabistan, only four squa drons can be got together. These, united with the model squadron, form our whole force of cavalry. The infantry and artillery are no better off. They are ill clothed, not paid, miserably fed, and shoe less.exam pl Fortunately forofththeme.t,rGooepnse.ral Williams and the rest of the European officers sustain by their It is cleat, thew, that vnuOliag cavalry, the force at Kars is neither in a condition to retreat nor to give battle. Obliged to shut itself within fortifica tions, a force of 10,000 Russians is sufficient to keep the garrison in check. Such a blockade will take place if General Mouravieff is obliged to send reinforcements to the army called together to op pose Omer Pacha. Kars, however, under these circumstances, would be enabled to receive provi sions, and would hold' its own until the retreat of the Russians should open the road to Erzeroum. It is satisfactory that in Kars the sanitary condi tion of the people remains good. There an; not 300 invalids in the hospital. Cholera has, however, been prevalent in the province ; it is on the point of vanishing here. In the military hospitals about two deaths per diem happen from this cause, and in the city horn three to five. An adjutant from the Seraskier arrived here yes terday from Constantinople, with orders to pay th e Bashi-Bazouks at the rate of 60 piastres per month per man. The difficulty will be to find them, as many of them have deserted, and they have been decimated by cholera. r There is no doubt that the arrival of Omer Pacha with his army will give the Russians some uneasiness ; but it is a question whether he will be able to save Kars. The Russians have retreated from Melasghirt and Bulanmek to Tlch Klisia and Deli Baba. One battalion took shelter in Erivan. Yesterday we heard that some sqaa.drons of Coisasks had been seen on the road to Hinis, situated about 20 hours' distance from here. Their intention must have been to intercept convoys. Cholera still rages amongst the troops at Olti and Hassan Kaleb. The adjutant mentioned above brought money to the amount of 14,000 purses for the army. With this remittance the military chest contains about 50,000 purses. RUSSIA. The Invalids Russe gives the following list of losses sustained by the Russian army on Sept. 8 : KILLED. Superior officer 3 Inferior.. Soldiers . . 2,625 WOUNDED. Superior officers Interior Soldiers.. 26 206 5,826 58 1,138 . 24 1,730 TEE DEFENCE OF SEBASTOPOL. Less than three years since an illustri9u3 assem blage stood within the walls of St. Paul's Cathe dral. The occasion was the interment, of the great commander who had so often led the legions of En- land to victory. There ware present representatives of all the great monarchies which had been the allies of this country in the war which the dead hero concluded. Among these was a General past The anniversary meeting and dinner of the North the prime of life, but distinguished by the energy Kerry Farming Society took place in the middle of and firmness which his countenance expressed. In last week under the presidency of the Earl of the interval which preceded the arrival of the fu- Listowel. The " health of the county members" neral car this foreigner was observed to be brought up Colonel H. A. Herbert, the senior re' presentative and one of the largest proprietors in strangely occupied. He passed along the line of the district. The speech of the hon. gentleman was soldiers chosen from the various regiments, and, almost wholly devoted to one subject—and that turning up their trousers, attentively examined certainly not the least important in the social sys the make of their shoes. " What is the matter, tem—namely, the wages of labour. "We all heard ," Prince Gortschakoff?" said some one. "It is this said Col. Herheit—. house . and at the present time of the year, in this dis• your Guards ‘ are fitted with strong and well- trict, ;here is hardly a labouring man who, if anxious to made shoes, but that those of the line are get work, cannot procure employment. The rate of inferior. I wished to learn the truth of the wages is considerably more—though, in my opinion, matter, and therefore examined them. There not still sufficient—than in former years. This brings does not seem to be any difference." This minute me to consider what each of us, as individuals, as land• disciplinarian was but an imitator of his master, lords, and what this society can do to better the condi• who with his own Imperial bands would open sol- tion of the labourer ; because, while we see a marked, Biers' coats on parade to s ee that their shirts were improvement in his p h y sical p osition, in his dress, and clean. But a few months passed, and the cloud in a greater command of the necessaries of life, lao which betokened another tempest rose on the ho. sorry to say that we do not see, concomitant with that, rizon. The representative of the Russian armies any improvement in the dwelling in which he lives• at the funeral of Wellington was paced in corn- Now, I believe you will agree with me when I sal mand of a powerful force. It remained to be seen that, no matter how highly the labourer is paid, and how far the higher q ualities of a g ener al were however flourishing he may be in other respects, the class cannot be much united to those of the ma rtinet . Gortschakoff coniedition ot thathand in hand with those uc ialh p a e r in ot e v l i e i n o na t ti3teeentias had no great success in t h e Princi palities, and, had i n their goingrcondition, there be some improvemn would his career closed with that campaign, he dwellings. (Cheers.) No matter how well speedily have been forgotten in the West. But, as labourer may be; be cannot be imbued with that spit° it is, his name is joined to the longest, the fiercest, of self-respect which should surround him, nor bring 119 in a dwelling where he can, paid ix:: the most deadly st ru ggle i n modern warfare. The his family with those feelings of self-respect and self . r n e o l t ia s n a c y e c s o o tn a l ulhiksaae;llddluitytneehlesye luxuries necessary to raise their social con; last act of the late Czar was to appoint him to the of life, but something /i" dition, until necessaries command which age, failing health, and weaken onfrreti civilisation. ing resolve induced Menschikoff to relinquish. Nicholas knew the man. You may well say, " Adecenciesail which has smoothed door . quarter of a century before he had carried on thei think u)k that much of the difficulty which lay c ' in our path in this builds was in Poland with fearful severity." The case because I feelthat • spect, if any landlord should bullet was this :—He proposed to his prisoners on all not ornamental cottages, or anything approaching tl, occasions the alt erna ti ve o f th e R u ssian service or finery, but clean and comfortable dwellings, no w tbs' the knout. Onc e a b o d y of 2,000 insurgents were the labouring class are able to earn a fair day's wsg es defeated and t oo k re f uge in the Austrian territory. f,r a fair day's work, he would get sufficient interest Of The Austria ns di sarme d them and sent them to the rut ney laid out in those b u ildi ngs. ( H ear , b ear .) ' Gortschakoff, H e gave them the usual choice of think that question worthy the consideration of eyed entering the Russian ranks • they desperately re- proprietor in this and every other district in Ireland, fl fused. It is said that the General was present at well as of a society like the present. I think it is r atb!, . the execution which followed. The flogging lasted• ashort-sightedview of the objects of a society like tll'' lash • seven more to say that such improvements do not fall within t he many hours ; ten died under the , borne se ope of its operations, ,because it is quite impossible tbe.s yielded after terrible tortures, and were to this it ciety , can succeed in its oh'ect—taki g i ts praCil: the hospital. Gortschakoff stated his determination cal object to be the in.proveme j f . 1 n- ". hos' , if the execution nt 0 agncu tura—wit to go through the whole , at the satins time seeing after the condition of the ir The Poles then bowed the head lasted a monat...; head, bourer. If any One centtovert that fact, I refer bias ill and were &alighted into the R t rjstkn legions. Such those district+ in England where agriculture most ill was the stern nature of the man w h om Ni c h o l as r i„h e6 , to prove to him that where the best crops 0 sent to defend Seb a s to p ol. You ma y well Ray that , the best cattl e are to be found there the labourer is '„ he - Ose " wise in his generation,": .. - : the bat condition." Thi sell est: fits she to the ma col St, at€ 1 CONTUSIONED Superior officers Inferior Soldiers MISSING. Officers.. Soldiers MOVEVENTS OF THE FRENCH ARMY. We extract the following from a letter published by the Presse d'Orient, Sept. 27 : KAMIESH, Sept. 22. "The embarkations for Eupatoria have been rapidly effected. The cavalry division of the 2d corps, com manded by General d'Allonville, has been conveyed to this point ; it consists of a hussar brigade, Ist and 4th regiments, and of a dragoon brigade, 6th and 7th regi ments. A division of the 2d corps will be added, I be lieve, to the Eupatoria corps, and this, with Ahmed Menekii Par_tha's 25,000 men, will be able to attempt something serious. Our splendid cavalry is at last about to be paced on fitting ground— ,, ° round where it can display its strength and make up for what it considers lost time. "The Egyptian troops, tried already in the Danubian campaign, are highly spoken of ; and the Generals feel sure that they will behave capitally by the side of ours For the rest, Eupatoria serves as an excellent point dappui, and under actual circumstances will be the ❑ucleus of very serious operations. "In the camp the chief movements have been the fol- lowing : " The whole of the Ist corps, commanded by General de Salles, has marched into the plain ; it is stationed in front of Baidar. One division alone of this corps has remained behin , l; it is that which forms the garrison of Sebastepal. The head•quarters of the Ist corps are at Baidar. " General M`Mahon, who has just assumed his com mand, has descended with the 31 corps into the Tcher naya valley, where he has set up his head-quarters. " The Division of the Guard has again entered its old encampment,. "Ali the-e movements were executed during a shockirg state of the weather. We have had a great deal of rain, and this is not calculated to facilitate the conveyance of stores into these valleys. We are actively collecting the vehicles and carts required for the march of the army. Sin.,pe and Samsoun have supplied two thousand of the latter. " We keep up a close observation of the Russian camp. From the Tchernaya side Grmgalet gives sign- , of life from time to time by sending us a few balls. At the mouth of the roadstead the presence of the enemy is more sensible. You know that the Russians left in- tact the Quarantine Fort, but they blew up the earthen batteries cuustructed in front of the battery on the beach. We have built batteries of a similar kind for fighting those of the enemy. The Russians fire but seldom from Fort Constantine, but they have connected the fort with the end of the road,tead towards the east by a series of works, and it is these works that cannonade the town. Yesterday, the 21st, the firing became heavy ; this morning the music continues. But for this pstime we should think the enemy had left, for we perceive very little movement in their camp. " Do the Russians mean to stay on the north side, or are they merely waiting fur a fitting moment to evacuate it ? This is the question every one here asks. Gene rally the opinion i, that the Russians vv ill retire. PRUSSIAN ELECTIONEERING. The " Liberal party," in Prussia, or, as it is styled in higher circles, the " Democratic party," having hitherto refused to acknowledge the validity of the existing law of election, has nevertheless signified its intention to participate in the election of new members for the Chamber which is about to be formed. The Prussian Government has, in con sequence, become somewhat alarmed, and, among other effusions on the subject, the following docu ment has appeared from the Government President of one of the provincial departments of West Prussia : "It bas been ascertained that pt the last election for the Chamber many of the Government officials gave their votes for, and used their influence in favour of, the Oppositon (Liberal party). The dignity of the Govern ment is, without doubt, materially injured by these pro ceedings, and such a step must be decidedly suppressed at the approaching election for the House of Members. " Although it is to be expected that the greater part of the officials beton;ing to the Royal Government will u-e their best endeavours to bring this election to a successful issue on sound Conservative and Government principles, I am nevertheless induced, considering that it has come to the knowledge of the higher authorities that some of the offioials have on a former occasion acted contrary to this principle, to require your worship to impress upon the minds of the officials under your jurisdiction in a most serious manner the duties belonging to their station. You will especially call their attention in all earnest to this point, that, if they cannot conscien• tiously give their vote for the Government, they are at liberty to withhold their sympathy altogether at the election ; but that a demonstration against the Govern ment of his Majesty is at variance with their official station and duty, and can in no case be permitted. "THE GOVERNMENT PRESIDENT OF THE DEPARTMENT." The foregoing is addressed to the chief magistrate (Landrath), who adds the following postscript :-- "Agreeing as I do with the foregoing order, I take it for granted that even without it every official in the dis trict will endeavour to obtain votes which are favourable to the Government. In accordance, however, with the instructions received, I call upon the Deputies of the district, on receipt of this order, to cause the same to be immediately circulated among all the officials at present in the district.; also among the bailiffs (schoppen) and inspectors of works (detch beamten) ; and, lastly, among the labourers employed under them. "THE CHIMP MAGISTRATE OF THE DISTRICT." There is reason to believe that by the end of the pre sent mouth the King of Sardinia will have sufaciently recovered his strength to be enabled to pay the long talked-of visit to the Emperor of the French. Prince Frederick William, son of the Prince of Prussia, visited Ostend on Saturday, on his way to Germany. Lord Howden is expected to leave Paris in a few days for Madrid. _ _ _ Sir Richard Pakenbam, our Envoy at Lisbon, returns to England by the next Peninsular packet, leaving Mr. Ward as Charge d'Affaires. The Earl and Countess of Ripon have taken up their residence, for a season, at Tunbridge Wells. The Marquis of Abercorn has arrived in town. Lord Newport has arrived at Newmarket. Lord Goderich is expected to arrive to-day at Nocton Hall, Lincolnshire, for a short stay during the shooting season. Lady Goderich's health has much improved. THE LATE COL. T. B. GOUGII, C.B.—This distin guished officer, who has just been reported to have died of his wounds received before Sebastopol, was nephew to Lord Gough, and related to several Irish houses of position. HORSES FOR THE CAVALRY.—Horses for the Cavalry, Light and Heavy, are being actively bought up at , the fairs in England and Irel an d. The cavalry now num bers more than at any period during the last century. It is said that the Grand Duke Nicholas on his return from the southern provinces is t> proceed to Berlin to visit the Prussian Court, and to invite the King to Wm saw. Miss Poole, the favourite singer, is to give readings from Sbakspere next week, at Maidstone. Five new streets in Belfast are denominated Alma, Balakiava, Inkertnan, Tc}ernaya, and Sebastopol. LARGE EXPORT OF GOLD.—It is said that the contract for the supply of 5,000,000/. of gold to Russia has been accepted by a weli•known house at Amsterdam, in con nection witb a London firm of high standing. The 76th Regiment are ordered home from Halifax, where they will be relieved by the 67th, from Antigua. j The 69th Regiment, now at Barbadoes, will also rot= to plead. PRUSSIA AND THE WAR IN THE BALTD% ___~_~- The following letter, by " A Traveller," has been addressed to a contemporary : "Sir,—The question has been discussed both in. Parliament and in the press how far the forbear ance of England should extend to Prussia in regard to the share she has taken in promoting Russian commerce through her ports on the eastern fr,n. tier. But surely there must be a limit to such fer. bearance. Every inhabitant of the Baltic provinces knows that the trade of Memel and Pillau (the two ports in question) has been enormously increased since the war, that the produce shipped thence is almost entirely of Russian origin, and that they are de facto Russian, and not Prussian outports. By this evasion our much-vaunted blockade has been rendered in a great measure nugatory, and the armaments of the Allies have been employed fruitlessly, so far as the enemy's commerce is con cerned. "If any of our legislators or naval commanders should doubt the correctro-ss of this assertion, let them go to Memel or Pillau, both at an easy dis tance from this city. As Memel is only eight miles from the Russian frontier, and is at the embouchure of a large Russian river, it is par excellence the great port both of exit and of entry for the subjects of the Czar. The visitor will find its harbour full of shipping, busily taking in cargoes of hemp and flax, and sailing as soon as the vessels are laden, some times to the number of 20 iu a day. The stores and warehouses are crammed to repletion, and the streets are crowded with waggons, bearing huge loads of those commodities. Almost all this is Russian produce, grown in the provinces of Cour land and Livonia, and which in ordinary times would have been shipped at Riga, Pernau, Libau, or Win(lau. The strength of the Memel trade lies properly in timber ; but this, of course, is now neglected for the far more lucrative traffic begotten of the war. Thus, despite a most destructive fire in the last year, and a severe visitation of cholera in the present, the place enjoys unexampled prosperity. The price of labour, perhaps the truest test of general well-being, is, for Germany, enormously high ; and new and handsome streets are rapidly arising from the ashes of their predecessors. "Itis an ill-wind that blows nobody good," and East Prussia has manifold reasons for blessing the war. Esto per petuunt is, doubtless, the aspiration of many who are making a harvest in this time of international struggle. "Nor are the advantages limited to this side of the border. The Russian ports, of course, have been quite shut up, and have suffered commensurately ; but a most extensive land traffic has sprung up, and is now admirably organised. This novel mode of carriage, with its extra expense, has not lessened the demand for Russian goods, but, on the contrary, has given a handsome additional profit to those em ployed in the transit—viz., the Russian peasants near the frontier and their proprietors. In like manner, they share advantageously in the import trade, which is very considerable. lam therefore inclined to think that the Baltic provinces have suffered less from the war than isgenerally imagined, Instead of three or four small per: s they have two great ones, more easily accessible by sea, and ad mitting considerably larger vessels ; wh le the addi tional expense of land-carriage and frontier dues is paid (for exports, at least) by the foreign con sumer. " This fact, at all events, is obvious—that the Baltic blockade is frustrated as long as the ports of East Prussia are available for Russia. Until they are closed vi, et armis the enemy's trade cannot be stopped. Politically they belong to Frederick William ; geographically and moraby they are the Czar's. There is no novelty in taking this view of the subject, although interested commercial men have held it back. A few years ago the Courts of Berlin and St. Petersburg were at variance on the Danish question. Hostilities were declared be tween Denmark and Prussia, and Denmark, as the stronger naval Power, blockaded the Prussian ports. Memel, however, was ex empted from this blockade—and why ? Because the Danish King was in close alliance with the Emperor Nicholas, and the stoppage of the trade of that port would have been more detrimental to Russian than to Prussian interests. This reason was considered valid, and acted on, when Memel was the outport of a limited district ; how much stronger does the argument hold now, when it has become the one great port of all Western Russia ? The blockade of Memel and Pillau would prove a great and veritable blow to Russia—in a financial view, as great, probably, as the destruction of Sweaborg or of Cronstadt. Three or 1 Jur of the vessels which are now doing nothing in the Gulf of Finland would suffice for this most important ob ject. The dominions of our arch-enemy would be excluded from commercial intercourse with the civilised world ; or, at least, intercourse would be rendered so expensive as to be absolutely ruinous to his subjects. There is nothing in the attitude of this country —either in respect of the people or their King— that would seem to entitle it to further forbearance. Whatever Prussia has done or left undone has been for the benefit solely of her great neighbour. I know not what the popular feeling may be at Berlin or on the Rhine ; but the people in this part of the country appear to me to be as philo- Russian as their rulers. Besides the material ad vantages it offers, a partial blockade of Prussia would be a well-merited humiliation and a just punishment for the vacillation, insincerity, and cowardice which have distinguished her policy in the last two years. " A. short and a sharp war" has become so trite a phrase that, in the Baltic at least, its practical application is forgotten. So at all events think our Teuton and Scandinavian friends ; and they have not been much impressed with our exploits either in this year or the last. They cannot see why Helsingfors should have been spared—why effective demonstrations should not have been made at Revel or at Riga, at which latter place I under stand there is some scope for gun-boat operations ; or why contributions should not be levied on the comparatively flourishing province of Courland, which has been left to the cheap, but hitherto sure defence of helplessness—very much to the satisfac tion and profit of the Czar and his subj-cts. Let us hope that next year will inaugurate as energetic a course of action in this corner of the empire as in the Crimea ; and that the war, if it should be pro longed, shall be prosecuted sine eel - a —diplomatic, or otherwise. HE EA RI, OP LEIGEST ON THE LABOURI G GEAss? S. The Docking Agricultural Association celebrated its anniv.rgary at the close of last. week at South Creake, near Fakenham, Norfolk. The Earl of Leicester pre sided at the dinner, which was attended by several of the leading agriculturists of the neighbourhood; the usual loyal toasts having been drunk, Sir W. JONES, in terms of warm eulogy, proposed "The health of the noble Chairmen." The Earl of IT EICESTER, who was received with much applause, said,—Gentlemen, Ibe to thank you for the very kind and handsome manner in which you have drunk my health, aed for the compliment you have paid me in invitirg me to take this seat, although, with the exception of the opportunity it gives me of meeting many friends, it is rather a pain than a pleasure to me to be placed in so prominec t a pesition. lam called upon to take the chair at meetings many times in the course of the year, but on no occasion do I feel, that I am doing my duty more than I do on these occasions, when I come to assist in promoting the wePare sted the happiness of our labouring population. I think also, gentlemen, that I owe a debt of grsteude to those who manage this society for the very admirable manner in which it is con ducted. I must also take this opportunity of stating my approval.of the manner in which the whole of the busi ness connected with the poor in this Docking Union is conducted. The way in which the poor are looked after here, and the manner in which the rates are expended— with economy combined with liberality—gives confidence to the ratepayers, and is a credit to the county gene rally. (Hear.) We are met together, gentlemen, for the purpose of rewarding and encouraging the agricultural labourer. This association can d a good deal, but a ereat deal rests with the owner of the cottage in which the laboursr resides, and next with the occupier of the land on which he is employed. First as to the owner of the cottage. I have the misfortune—at least the misfor tune as far as I am concerned—to be a very considerable owner of cottage property. I have endeavoured, as far as I can, to improve the cottage of the lab iurer, and in doing so I trust I have both physically and morally im proved his condition. In the first place I have endea voured in building my cottages to provide such accom modation as will allow a human being to live in the way in which a man should live. (Cheers.) In the next place, I have endeavoured to build those cottages at as little possible loss to myself as I can. To ex pect a profit from cottage property without screw ing the tenant is impossible. By not allowing lodgers to be taken in, by enforcing a few other simple rules which it is necessary to make with the labouring classes, and by having my tenants in nearly every case directly under me as their landlord, I firmly believe that I have improved their condition both physi cally and morally. (Cheers.) Now, gentlemen, as to the master who employs the labourer. When I, as an owner of cottage property, have done as much as I possibly can to improve the condition of the labourer, much still rests with the master who employs him. I believe, gentlemen, a good master makes a good man. (Hear.) I believe if a little more attention is paid in looking after the labourers we employ, we may make them, in many cases, much more efficient, and give them a much greater interest in the soil on which they work and the prosperity of the master V 1 ho employs them. I believe that when we take labourers from another farm, by making a few inquiries into their characters at the place which they have left, by paying the same kind attention to them that we pay to our domestic servants, by taking, in short, an interest in them which we have not hitherto displayed, we might induce among labourers a retard for character which at i.sresent does not exist sufficiently in our district. (Cheers.) You have, no doubt, seen the letters which base appeared in the papers in reference to Nor folk labourers. As far as my experience goes—and I have been a great employer of labour, and am well acquainted with the habits and feelings of the labouring classes—l believe no county in England will produce a labourer who will do so much work fur the money paid him. At the same time there are vices in the Norfolk labourer which it should be in our power to eradicate. I say eradicate, and I will take this opportunity of alluding to what my friend on my left (the Hen. and Rev. T. R. Keppel, brother of the Earl of Albemarle) has said with respect to the giving of largess. I believe that the giving of largess has a most injurious effect upon our labourers ; in many cases I think it is the first introduc tion to the beershop. In saying this, I don't wish for a moment to lessen the nunator of holydays and indul gences which our labouring classes possess, for they are revv enough now, and I should be rather inclined to in crease than to dimini , h them. It may be said that this custom of largess is an old custom ; but if the custom, though old, is a bast one, there is no reason why we should not abandon it. Our forefathers lived on acorns and mast; but that is no reason why we should return to that food. If an old cu-torn is a lad one, let us get rid of it. (Hear, hear.) I believe that the p'ari carried out at Benham by Lor I Albemarle and the clergy and gentry of that distrist would prove of inestimable benefit to the county if it were adopted throughout Norfolk. Oue of the ereat evils we have to contend against is the vice of drunkenness. As an employer I find I man deal with men, let their vices be what they will, if they are not given to drunkenness. With the drunkard I can do nothing. On the Friday, when he is paid, he goes to his beershop, and he won't appear again till Tuesday, and then he will come back in such a state that it is useless to employ him. I think, if the society has already done so much good with the assistance of Mr. Blyth and others, it might endeavour to put down a crying evil like that of drunkenness. I firmly believe that if we set our shoulders to the wheel much might be done ; and, as far . as I am concerned, I am ready to give you assi-tang both in time and money. It has been the custom at Holkham to give a large sum every year as a largess ; it has all gone in drink, and I am ready to give that sum, and double that sum, to assist any persons who are willing to use their energies to put a stop -to that which I believe is a very great evil in this county. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, I have trespassed much longer on your time than I intended t.) do. Living, as I do, very much in the country, and connected as I am very much with the labouring classes, I am apt to get led away when I speak upon this sulject. With respect to the question of education, which has been started this even ins, I think that the plan of establishing a library for the poor would be productive of very considerable benefit. At any rate, gentlemen, I am satisfied that we should get an excellent library ourselves ' and I think if a certain p or ti on o f th e ar ti sans , tradesmen, bricklayers, and labourers in a parish. could be induced • to read, their example would induce others to learn to read also. The great difficulty we have to contend with is this—it is all very well to talk about schools and education, but we hold out such inducements to boys six or seven years old, tbat in a large family it would be very unnatural if fathers kept their sons at school when they can earn 3s. or 4s. a week. Boys in this district of No, folk can get certain employment when they are seven or eight years old ; they are removed from school at about that age, and I think the most desirable plan would be to endeavour, if possible, to teach those boys in adult schools, when they are old enough to see for themselves that it is desirable to learn. (Hear, hear.) Toe library proposed to be established here may have this effect—it may induce young men, instead of spend ing their time at public hou'es and beer-shops, to learn to read and to endeavour to put themselves in the same position as those who have already been educated. I will not detain you any longer, gentlemen. I thank you very much for the kind wanner in which you have received my health, and for the attention with which you have listened to these few remarks. lam much niHre able to cirry out than to explain my dews on this subject, and I regret very much that it has not had a more able exie.nent. (Tne noble earl resumed his seat amid cuiiside•able applause.) Several other speeches, expressing similar sentiments; were delivered in the course of the proceedings. THE WAGES OF LABOUR.