The Sun. — London, England, 1849-08-29 00:00:00

7 MISS PARDOE. Immediately, in 2 vols. Svo., with numerous Portraits, T HE COURT and REIGN of FRANCIS the FIRST, KING of FRANCE. By Miss PARDOE. Author of "Louis the Fourteenth and the Court of France," The City of the Sultan," /cc. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, (Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty.) 'THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. M. B. Webster, Sete Lessee and Manager, Old Brompton. THIS EVENTN. , Will be performed THE HOP PICKERS. Principal characters 'Messrs. Lambert, Boyce, Wright, Paul Bedford, Hughes, Mun ard,O. Smith, Cullenford, Worrell, Madame Celeste, Miss Woolgar, Yrs. F. Matthews, Miss Taylor, Miss E. Chaplin, &c. To conclude with the grand Extravaganza, entitled THE DE VIL'S lOLL.NT AND THE REVOLT OF THE FLOWERS. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. U nder the Patronage of her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness, Prince Albert, &c. Last Six Nights of the present attractive Spectacle. THIS EVENING, rhe performance will commence with a Grand Military Equestrian Spectacle, entitled MOOLTAN and GOOJERAT ; or, the Conquest of the Seikhs. To be !ollowed by an Inimitable display of SCENES IN THE CIRCLE. in which Marie Macarte will appear, supported by the first Equestrian talent of the day. To comehble with the Farce of THE SECRET. In compliance with numerous requests at the Box-office, the po pular Spectacle of MAZEPPA will be produced with groat splendour es Monday next, September 3. ox. Mee open from Eleven till Four. , taze Manager, Mr. W. West. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. IMMENSE AND UNPARALLELED SUCCESS. Under the patronage of her Most Gracious Majesty, her Majesty the Queen Dowager, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, fec. The Public Press has unanimously pronounced the Storming of Badajoz to be the most perfect and life-like exhibition. Grand Musical Melange, composed on the occasion of her Majesty's Visit to Ireland, introducing the most popular National Melodies. Herr Herman, the Celebrated Bass Singer. Herr Ferdinand Sommer will execute a Solo on the Euphonion. THE SEA SERPENT AT LENGTH.— This celebrated but hi therto apocryphal monster is no longer a doubt -he will make his appearance THIS EVENING in a grand Pyrotechnic Representation. Southby will not vouch for the accuracy of the Portrait, but the effect will be prodigious. The Nobility, Gentry, and the Public are respectfully informed that this favourite place of fashionable resort is open every MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, AND THURSDAY. Danson's gigantic modelled Panorama ef the TOWN AND FORT OF BADAJOZ, pronounced by the voice of public opinion to be the most perfect and life-like exhibition ever presented—Splendid 31enagerie—Vocal and Instrumental Con cert, Conductor Mr. Godfrey—Several Favourite Songs and Ballads by the Misses Wells and Mr. George Tedder — Solos by Richardson (Flute)—Violin and Violoncello by Viotti and George Collins, varied alternately—and other at tractions, concluding with a vivid representation of the Storming of Badajoz, pourtraying the advance of the British army—bombard ment and attack—gallant defence—rush to the breach by real troops —and final tableaux in honour of the " Hero of a hundred fightp." REFRESHMENTS. —The frequenters of these Gardens have long complained that Refreshments from the Confectionary-rooms only could be procured. Arrangements have been effected, and a distinet portion of the Gardens set apart, where Refreshments may be had of the first quality, and at the usual Prices. Doors open at Nine o'Clock, a.st. ; feeding of the animals at Five ; Pelicans and White Bears half-past Five ; Concert at Six ; Storming of Badajoz, at Dusk.—Admission One Shilling. On Monday, September 12, the Royal South London Floricultural Society will hold their Fourth Grand Miscellaneous Flower Show. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We are much obliged by the communication of our friend from New Brighton, Cheshire. It shall have immediate attention. " One who has Seen and Suffered."—Our correspondent is requested to forward his name to us in confidence, as otherwise his communication must remain Wad mis,ible. T r. WillA'rHEE.—Sort OFFICE, AUG. 29. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 59; Hiehe3t, 69, Noon, 70, BAROMETER, 29.99. wind W.N.W.—dull weather; rain early'in the morning. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tate Tisv —Morning, 33 min. after 10 f Evening, II min. after 11 To- M 0P.8.0W - 1 . Ft dig, 45 min 11 1 Evening, 0 after min. after 0 ), I '1 1 ,70 • , „ eiteuinitfll LONDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 29, 1849, O Hungary, how art thou fallen ! Such at least might be our justifiable exclamation—speaking in the pathetic and reproachful language applied to the loftiest of the archangels—in the first flush of the disastrous intelligence received from the heroic country irrigated by the waters of the Waag, the Drave, and the Danube. Our profound dejection at the calamities which have succeeded the glorious achievements of the Magyars—and succeeded them, too, with such appalling rapidity—must not, how ever, be permitted to cloud our judgment with the darkness of indignation. We must estimate at their due importance the perils by which the Generals of the armies of liberation were surrounded—the extremities to which they were driven—the losses to which they were subjected. We must remember that those perils were the more enormous, that those extremities were the more imminent, and that those losses were the more frightful, in proportion as the bravery of the Hungarians extorted from the AUTOCRAT the evidence of his fury, of his cruelty. and of his ambition. For ourselves, it is consolatory to bear in recollection that from the very commencement of this atrocious war upon the rights and independence of the Hungarians we have protested against the apathy of our own Go vernment, while we have exulted in that magnificent di play of valour, civism, and unanimity, which enabled those Hungarians to rout the veteran legions of Austria, and to drive them beyond the frontiers of their fatherland with every circumstance of ignominy and confusion. Yes ! if we are overwhelmed with sorrow at the events which have recently transpired, we can revert without any sentiments of remorse to all the preceding occurrences. We can remember, with pardonable satisfaction, how we remained almost isohe ed in our appreciation of the noble qualities which characterised the Provisional Government at Debreczin, when those patriotic statesmen were else where assailed by every ribald vituperation, by every anonymous slander, and by every dark and damna tory aspersion. At the eleventh hour the genius and the disinterestedness of those illustrious chieftains are recognised—and not only recognised, but absolutely eu'ogised—by the lips of their assailants and by the pens of their calumniators. Even the panegyrists of the monster Havasu and of the execrable PASHE• WITCH have been forced to bow the head in homage to those deeds of heroism an] those revelations of generalship which they themselves have acknowledged to be without a parallel. If the annalist, sympa thising with that holy cause with which the name of the immortal KOSSUTH has become for ever identified—if the annalist, in recording the details of the recent capitulation bas reason to weep for the destruction of the golden hopes of four teen millions—he has also cause for unutterable ex ultation in narrating the memorable and sublime antecedents of that dismal and abrupt downfal. He will recount, for the admiration of posterity, the grandeur of that simultaneous movement of the Mag yars which led to the degradation of the bombardier of Vienna, and, subsequently, to that of his vaunted successor, and which ultimately conduced to the expulsion of the legions of despotism beyond the limits of a violated dominion. It will be declared in history that the first campaign of BEM in Transylvania was only comparable to the finest achievements of MONTECUCULI. It will be said, and said with truth, that the defence of Comorn in its prolonged success—that success being the more remarkable from the contiguity of the fortress to the Austrian capital, and from the numerical preponder ance of the German artillery—is more worthy of consideration and astonishment than the renowned defence of Saragossa. After many years have elapsed the peasants of Hungary will narrate to their children how the savage horsemen of JELLACHICH were all but annihilated by the followers of GUT" when the English captain, on the borders of Sclavonia, crossed swords with the BAN of the Croatians. Poets will sing of the military skill of DEMBINSKI, of the daring of KLAPEA, of the resolution of AULICH, of the assi duous devotion of BATH/ANY, and of the glorious incorruptibility of KOS ,UTEI, as long as there is a heart to feel, or a brain to think, within the circum ference of Hungary. And in after generations, the demagogues will strive to rouse the dormant patriotism of the Magyars by a reference to the glory won by their ancestors, in the great wars of forty-eight and forty nine. Yea! and the memory of those great men who are now overwhelmed by their misfortunes will be a nobler security fur the national ity of the Hungarians than ever were to the Gre.ks and the R oman , the alley& of the Capitol or the palladium of the Acro polis. Circumstances which at present appear enigmatical will in a few days be unravelled —and then, but not till then, shall we be enabled to form an accurate opinion as to the necessity or the culpability of the recent submission of GEORGEY to PASKEWITCH. What appears to be incontrovertible already may be briefly enumerated. To DEMBINSKI had been entrusted by the Hungarian Dictator the re sponsibility of the supreme command of the ies of liberation. His mind it was which con- THE SUN ceived that masterly plan of the s atermpaign which opened so auspiciously, and terminated so suddenly and deplorably. Under DEMBINSKI were those generals and their followers whose names were already covered with an enduring celebrity—there was a division under BEM in the east, a division under GEORGEY in the north, a division under GUYON in the south, and another division in the west under the orders cf KLAPKA and Auxacn. The central army changed its position, of course, with the head quarters of DEMBINSKI ; and from those head quarters emanated, in unison with the policy of KOSSUTH and his Government, the commands which regulated the manceuvres and directed the combinations of the campaign. So long as those commands were followed with implicit obedience, so long were the Magyar councils prosperous and the Magyar soldiers victorious. Assailed simultaneously by two gigantic empires,the defenders of Hungary, at first surrounded, in turn surrounded their assailants. Absolutism was completely checkmated. Comorn still held out ; Peterwardein was relieved; Raab was captured, and the conquerors pressed forward even to the suburbs of Presburg. In a preliminary conflict among the mountains of Transylvania, BEM had discomfitted the corps led on by LUDERS. In the vicinity of the Donavitza GUYON had broken the courage and avenged the cruelties of the Croats under JELLACHICH. Along ,the banks of the Neytra and the Rabnitz, the troops under KLAPKA and AULICH advanced with such undeviating success that the evidences of panic were already visible in the environs of Vienna. HAYNAU mean while, having marched southwards apparently for the purpose of carrying assistance to the BAN, completed his arrangements and prepared to try the strength of his arms against the " insurgents" under DEMBINSKI. Then it was that while BEM hastened from Transylvania to strengthen the forces under the Commander-in-Chief of the Hungarians, General ARTHUR GEORGEY, (whose first duty it had been from the very outset of the campaign to unite his soldiers with the soldiers of DEMBINSKI) did not effect that junction, that junc tion which was, under the circumstances, then im peratively necessary, but, instead of doing,sotose im ob l - f ob tained a reversion of the supreme p o wer from the hands o f Kossvr n, and inaugurated his accession to the Dictatorship by an uncon ditional surrender to Prince PASKEWITCH. Those are the facts as far as they have yet transpired, and upon them history will ultimately pronounce her irrevocable judgment. We pray GOD that no testi monies of treason so black and horrible as those which are surmised may be brought home to the youthful hero, the originator of this capitulation. For we remember that while GEORGEY has laid down his arms at the foot stool of the AUTOCRAT, BEM has remained faithful to the cause for which he has a hundred times jeopardized his existence. And BEM is a Pole, and GEORGEY is a Hungarian ! Our whole soul revolts so utterly from the mere supposition of such stupendous treason, that while we bow to the conviction that such a heart as that of NELSON would have broken rather than yield when at the head of 40,000 fighting men, we shall shut our eyes to suspicion, and honour GEORGEY the Brave, until proofs of his guilt arise such as are altogether incontrovertible. Until indisputable facts shall demonstrate to the contrary, We shall regard Hungary as the victim of misfor tune rather than the holocaust of treachery. A number of individual deaths by violent means is just now, very naturally, occupying general attention and exciting general horror ; and at the same time the Peace Society is endeavouring to preserve life by putting an end be the system of war. Simultaneously with the existence of these various feelings, having for their object the preservation of human life, an enemy more destructive than murder and more im placable than war is daily sweeping away tens and hundreds of our countrymen. Much has been said about the cholera ; we are aware it has excited in some instances unnecessary apprehension, and in many exaggerated alarm ; still, whatever may have been said, not sufficient has been done to impede the progress of the pestilence and to prevent its future recurrence. A murder is committed, and imme diately every circumstance connected with it is inves tigated cad the prime agent subjected to a terrible punishment, chiefly as a preventive against similar calamities. Many of the deaths which appear in the bills of mortality as cholera are, in fact, legalised murders, which in all human probability might have been pre• were such precautions omitted in past cases, but there seems little hope of improvement for the future. A striking instance of this criminal neglect is fur nished by the recent deaths in the Wandsworth-road. At the inquest held on the Rev. Mr. EthutrsoN, one of the late inhabitants of that locality, whose house had been fearfully visited by the pestilence, the jury returned as their verdict— " That the deceased died of Asiatic cholera, and that the disease broke out only in one place where the drain age was very defective; also that a large quantity of filth Was allowed to accumulate at one or more of the houses; also that the tanks and the water in them were impure from their close proximity to the cesspools; and the jury c uld not separate without expressing a hope that the owners of the property would take immediate and effec tive means, by improved drainage and a different supply of water, to prevent" for the future, as far as human means can go, the recurrence of so terrible a calamity." Samples of the water found in the tanks of these houses were produced at the inquest. It was said that in some of the tanks there was a sediment seven or eight inches deep, and the assistant-surveyor of the Commissioners of Sewers said he considered that, from some overflowing of the sewer or from bad drainage, the soil had got into the well from which the houses were supplied. Thus, the unfortunate victims of the so-called pestilence bare been literally drinking poison I In this case culpable neglect is very obvious, and without doubt in innumerable other instances similarly faulty, although, perhaps, not similarly apparent negligence, has been productive of equally murderous consequences. Public prayers are put up in the churches for the abatement of the pestilence, but it is mockery to raise the hands in supplication while instead of doing our best to rid ourselves of the evil we encourage it and cherish it by our apathy and our negligence. Another fertile source of poison, another legalised system of murder, to which we have again and again alluded in terms of the strongest repre hension—namely, the system of intramural burial, whereby death and the seeds of death, in their fbulest and most infectious form, are treasured up in the midst - of the living—has been again brought before public notice by a letter from the eminent publisher, Mr. CHARLES KNIGHT. Mr. KNIGHT complains that he has the misfortune to carry on his business in a house the back of which overlooks St. Bride's Churchyard. This churchyard is, it appears, crowded to repletion, and from the open graves fearful exhalations are continually arising. We will not further recapitulate these nauseous particulars. The question must suggest itself to every thinking mind —ought not some immediate steps to be taken to put an end to these fruitful sources of disease and death ? Is not the neglect or indifference of public authorities in such matters somewhat synonymous to connivance with a system of wholesale murder ? Three weeks have scarcely elapsed since we directed the public attention to the melancholy results of the temptations to which young and inexperienced under graduates are exposed at our English Universities. It is our painful duty this day to notice another case in which a young man, in the very beginning of his career, about to become a member of an arduous and honourable profession, has been c orn _ pt.-lied to avail himself of the provisions of the Act for the Relief of Insolvent Debtors, in order to obtain his liberation from the imprison ment to which his wan thoughtless extravagance and the undue facilities afforded for plunging into debt while he wai supposed to be completing his educa tion, had subjected him. Such a course, however revolting to the feelings of a high-spirited youth, was essential, un l ess h e wou ld b e con t en t e d t o li ng er out his exist ence i n a gaol, exposed to the demorali zation consequent upon such a habitation. There were some peculisrfeatu;esl;out the pre sent case that distinguish it from those to which we formerly alluded. The first series of debts had been fully satisfied by the afflicted father, and the accommodating tradesmen bad been duly cautioned that " he would be responsible for no further claims —that his son was then of age, and that if they again trusted him they sh3uld look to him alone for ' payment." And yet, despite this salutary warning the unfortunate young man was again involved to the extent of 9001. sterling, 6501. of which was due to the very persons whose former demands had been liquidated. The creditors too, exhibited a greater degree of modesty than on former occasions. There was an unwillingnes to come pro minently forward to complain of the insol vent for yielding to the temptations by which he had been surrounded, or to attempt a justification of the system. Four only had the. hardihood to oppose the discharge. The literary proprietor of " the ruination shop" was absent. Indeed we know not whether he figured among the creditors, although the list could scarcely he complete without the name of the liberal and obliging Mr. THOMAS RANDALL, who placed implicit confidence "in the honour of that portion of the chivalry of England, who pass for purposes of education the period between raw (yes, very raw,) youth and matured manhood in the University ;" who never refused "whatever might be necessary for a gentleman," and who, according to his own statement, did not set himself up for that rara avis in terris, a commercial angel without wings, selling no more to his customers than he could possible avoid, by persuading them that they might possibly wear their dirty gloves a little longer, give their old hats a temporary gloss by the application of a damp brush, or trim the edges of their worn out shirt-collars, to prevent the rags show ing, and avert thus, for a time, the necessity of a new 1 " a t." We therefore incline to the supposition, that the name of the insolvent must have been recorded in the trade ledger of Mr. RANDALL, but that the latter person entertained a wholesome dislike of " the at mosphere of the Insolvent Court." The admirable decision of the Learned Gentleman (Mr. J. B. PARRY, Q.C.) who presided on the occasion merits the most unqualified a pprobation. •It is deserving of the highest praise, not only as being in strict accord ance with both the letter and the spirit of the law which Mr. FAARY was called upon to administer but as inflicting "a heavy blow and great discourage ment" upon the pernicious system which it is so desirable to check by any lawful means. It appears from the proceedings, that the insolvent had entered the:University in the year 1842, and that he received the usual allowance of 2501. per annum until he attained his full age of 21 years. His father, who had twelve children, had paid his debts in 1847, about which time he had obtained his degree as a Bachelor of Arts. His debts at present amounted to 9201., the debts contracted in Oxford being 6501., and those out of Oxford being 2701. Among the former there were—for hire of horses, dogs, and saddler's bills, 199/. 16s. 4d.; for tavern bills, 1051. 11 a. 11d.; cigars and billiards, 119/. ss. 1011.; con fectionary, jewellery, pictures, and fancy articles, 1631. 14s. ld. ; tailor and hatters, 2261. 13s. 9d. ; money borrowed, 88/. 175.; furniture Si. 10s.; and books, 81. the food for the mind bearing about the same proportion to the hire of horses and dogs, to saddlers, and tavern bids, to bills for cigars, billiards, confectionary, jewellery, pictures, and fancy articles, that FALSTAFF'S halfpennyworth of bread did to his account for sack. The above list affords some slight illustration of the pursuits most in favour at the ancient seats of learn ing, and the nature of the "necessaries" furnished to the students who, teste Mr. THOMAS RANDALL, " in a large proportion of cases have their bills paid after they leave the University instead of the money pass. ing through their hands, having only a certain sum allowed for necessary purposes." It must be a great consolation to the father of twelve children, who had restricted his own expenditure and curtailed the wants of the remainder of his numerous offspring, to be enabled to afford a favourite son the advan tages of a University education, to think that the " hope of the family," in place of wasting his time over musty folios, has been re creating himself with horses and dogs ; that he had enjoyed "the fragrance of a mild Havanna," "taken his ease in his inn," solaced himself with hot break fasts, exhibited his taste in jewellery, pictures, and fancy articles, and become a proficient in the use of the " cue"—an adept in the noble science of billiards- Above all, it must be satisfactory to the - parent's heart to know that his child cannot be inconvenienced by any temporary want of cash ; that although a loan of money may be hard to be obtained, there can be no dif ficulty in procuring jewellery to any extent. Several gold watches in a few months clearly come under the head of necessaries, and they can easily be converted into each thynnoa, at... .1.1!„.:-„,....:.3 - r ', - ansbrick," the , I 1,1 nf s " at the Star. Seriously speakin g , what father can subject his child to so fearful an ordeal unless possessed of means that will enable him to sacrifice a " loose thousand" when his son has concluded his course, and also contented to see him a slave to a variety of idle, expensive, and mischievous habits, that must materially prejudice his future prospects. We again emphatically caution the University authorities to adopt the measures necessary to abate the nuisance, or they will too late learn that they themselves will eventually become the sufferers. [FIE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. A note had been received by M. KISSIELOFF, the Russian charge d'affaires in Paris, from Count NES.' SELRODE, directing him to communicate to the French Government that it is the intention of the Emperor of RUSSIA to withdraw the whole of his troops now in I lungary within his own territories, so soon as the Hungarians shall have laid down their arms, and Have delivered up the fortresses at present in their possession to the Austrian forces ; the note further dates that the greater number of the Russian troops at present in Moldavia and Wallachia will also be withdrawn, and only a small number will remain in T he the principalities to ensure the preservation of tran quillity.election of Presidents, Vice-Presidents, and Secretaries of the Councils-General, has taken place in the departments. The successful candidates are almost all Monarchists. M. GRANDIN, one of the representatives of Rouen, and General GUERHERME, brother-in-law to the Duke of MONTEBELLO, have fallen victims to the cholera. They died on Monday. M. DE PERsIGNY has been dispatched by the PRE SIDENT of the Republic on a secret mission to Ger many. M. ODILLON BARROT has gone to Laon, to attend the meeting of the Council-General of the department, and M. LANJUINAIS, the Minister of Commerce, to Brussels, to witness some experiments in the refining of sugar. The grands eaux of Versailles played on Monday, at five o'clock, in honour of the visit of the members of the Peace Congress, and those of St. Cloud at eight in the evening. The fountains of St. Cloud were illuminated. _ . . La Presse publishes the model of a petition having for its object the carrying out the views of the Peace Congress. It demands the abolition of the conscrip tion, the establishment of a voluntary system, and the reduction of the army to 180,000 men, or one ,oldier for every 200 citizens. The petition is ready for signature at the office of La Presse and in the provinces. Some alarmists pretend that fears are entertained of the occurrence of fresh commotions in Paris. We entirely disbelieve the report, although no doubt the reactionary party will endeavour by their agens provocateurs to get up a sham emeute, under cover of which they may perpetrate their long contemplated coup d'etat whensoever they may deem a favourable opportunity to have arisen. The Bourse was well attended to-day, and a further improvement took place in the price of Government stock, particularly the Three per Cents. The Five per Cents. closed at 89f. 85c.; the Three per Cents. at 55f. 30c.; Orleans Railroad Shares, 762 f. 50c.; Rouen, 530 f. • Great Northern, 425 f.; Avignon, 227 f. 50c.; Basle, 102 f. 50c.; Bordeaux, 400 f.; Paris and Strasburg, 353 f. 75c.; Tours and Nantes, 303 f. 75c. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE. AUGUST 28. _ Anglo Italian (late Italian and Austrian), I—Boulogne and Amiens, 04—Great Indian Peninsula, 5 1 ,4 1 —Ditto, —Rouen and Havre, 91,4. SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 23d have arrived. At the meeting of bankf_rs and capitalists called by the Minister of Finance ad interim, no decision with respect to the advance required by the Government eras come to, the gentlemen composing the meeting having demanded time to reflect. MADRID BoLSA, AuG. 23.—The Three per Cents. were done st 26 for paper; the Four per Cents. at 11; the Five per Cents. at 11k; the Debt without Interest, at 4 ; and the Coupons at 6i for cash. LOLA MONTES. Mr. and Mrs. Heald (Lola Montes) have embarked at Marseilles on board the Maria Antoinette, en route for Rome. A weak mind sinks under prosperity as well as under adversity. A strong and deep mind has two highest tides—when the moon is at the full, and when there is no moon.—. Eliza Cook's Journal. LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 29. 1.849. against the policy of the Government coma from so many sides, and are so contradictory that they must be classed and proved before they CAI be un derstood. Some accused Prussia of wisbirg to re-esta blish the old Confederation—others, that sLe aimed at a ccntralizsd individual creation—others, that she sought to give precedence to democracy—others, that she wished to exclude the democratic element—whilst others, again, declared that she sought for the absorption of Germany in herself (Prussia). From this any reasonable man may find a hint for his benefit Most truly may it be said that the difficulties and complications to be overcome were so great, that had not the Government regarded it as 'a holy duty to make every effort to satisfy the cravings of the German people for unity, it would long since have shrunk back from the impediments thrown in its way by blindness and egotism. Prussia would lose less than any other state by prolonged hesitation. (This is an incontestable fact.] The next thing to be asked is, shall Germany lose all Austria? This question must be solved. Two conditions are requisite to be fulfilled in regard to this point. First, it is necessary not to diminish previous connexity by a new intimate union; and secondly, it is requisite that the new union should not be of such loose character as to weaken an intimate federation. One of the main obstacles to a union be teeen Austria and Germany is generally considered to be the question of chiefdom. This is incorrect. Prussia has Leon most malignantly accused of seeking to circum scribe Austria. The conditions put forward by Prussia are not the result of ambitious views. Austria would not fulfil her duties as member of a German Federal State; let the Central Power be invested in a Directory or in a Tomas.' [That is, alternating power.] Prussia, on the other hand, has her whole and sole European ex istence in Germany. Let us go back into history, and ask, has Austria ever conducted herself as a true Ger man state—has she ever been able so to do? If Austria could not act otherwise formerly, can she do so now, when her constitution of the 4th of March renders her own centralization more absolute? [By this is meant the declaration of all Austrian states forming one sole state, without regard to Germanic or other distinctions.] Thus if the German constitution were to be enacted after the principle of Austrian policy, the bond would be too lax ; whereas if Germany were consti tuted upon the basis of the intimate union of a federal state, Austria must be excluded." The following was the conclusion of the speech : " It only remains to cast a glimpse at the future. Gen tlemen, the Government is perfectly aware of its posi tion, and alive to the immense difficulties of its task; be asmrLd it will pursue the fulfilment of its duty to the very utmost possible extent. Whether the task it has unlertaken will be brought to a successful issue de pends—next to Almighty aid—upon the question whether our Efforts are or are not supported by others. You, gentlemen, will doubtless contribute all in your power to this mighty consummation. You will bear wit ness, also, that it is not Prussia that has sought to ex clude Austria from the German Feeeral State. You will testify to the immense sacrifices which Prussia, a great European state, is prepared to make for the interest of German unity. You know the situation of Prussia upon the 31 of April, 1849 [the day on which the King re jected the Imperial dignity]. Judge, then, if Prussia merits the accusation of self-willed ambition levelled against her! No! Prussia is free from stlfi,h projects. She fulfils a most serious duty. She will not take--she will give—give to the grateful as well as to the ungrate ful. We will proceed to the work of federation—be it with few or with many voices. Prussia will insist upon the maintenance of the rights of the smallest state, but she also demands the rights for mighty Germany.— (Immense applause, joined in by the galleries)." July the 15th, when two balloons armed with sbra p nels ascended from the deck of the Volcano war steamer, and attain , d a distance of 3,500 fathoms, in the direction of Venice ; and exactly at the moment calculated upon, i e., at the expiration of twenty three minutes, the explosion took place. The captain of the English brig Frolic, and ( ther persons then at Venice, ttstify to the extreme terror and the moral effect produced on the inhabitants. A stop wbs put to further exhibitions of this kind by the necessity of the Vulcan going into docks to undergo repiirs. NIONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS CITY, QUARTER TO THREE. There was a dull market for Cotton at Liverpool yes terday, the sales not exceeding 4,000 bales, at Monday's prices.—Railway Shares were inactive, and prices fluctuating. In Mark-lane to-day Monday's prices are current for most articles, with a very dull sale and, moderate arrivals. The advices from the Continental Stock Markets no tice generally very little activity. At Amsterdam the Two-and-a- Half per Cents. were 524. Reasoning upon the advantages which would accrue to the United States by the annex ation of Canada, a local journalist observes :—" Canada, it is true, costs Britain annually a larger sum than any improvement in the country would ever enable us to repay; but this is easily explained by the long frontier line which she is obliged to maintain fortified, and the standing army which she keeps up on account of our proximity to the States. These sources of na tional expenditure would of course disappear, if the whole of the continent of North America were under one Government. The expense of collecting the Customs revenue would be merely that of maintaining a Custom house at Quebec and Montreal, and three or four revenue cutters in the St. Lawrence. Again, the consumption of British manufactures (broad cloth, hardware, &c.), in the Western States, is at the present very large,:and increases annually. It is a well anown truth that goods shipped at Liverpool,and destined for Chicago, can reach their destination at a less cost by the St. Lawrence route than by New York and Buffalo. Thus, if Lower Canada were alone to remain British, the inhabitants of the Western States would either re ceive their goods vid New York, and pay a higher price for them, or vieeQuebee, and,pay to the Canadian Custom house a tax which would not exist if the whole of Ca nada were annexed. To the manufacturers of New York, Massachusetts, Bsc., the annexation of Canada would afford a large and profitable market. Lowell would easily replace Manchester, and its sales would be nearly doubled by the transaction. Notwith standing all that some people have said of the American navy, it is certain that ships could be built cheaper at Quebec, if we were an nexed, than in any part of the union. American capital would soon raise a fleet on the St. Lawrence, which would give America an immense advantage over Britain. Of better materials, and destined to lest longer than the American ships, and con structed at an infinitely less cost than Britain could build them, our navy would soon monopolize a large share of the trade of the world, and advance the general interests of American commerce to a degree it will not reach without us for many years to come." In the Foreign Exchanges there was not much doing yesterday afternoon, nor did the rates vary materially. Sales of Money Stock have been made this morning, and prices are about *to 4 per cent. lower. Consols opened at 92i1., and have since been 924 1 for present transfer. The New Three-and a-Quarter per Cents. have been quoted 934 4, and the Three per Cents. 924 .1.. The premium on Exchequer bills is lower, being 40s. to 435. East Indian Bonds are 765. premium. Bank Stock is 199 to 1994. Money is still telt to be in more demand. There is neither elasticity nor animation in Foreign Stocks, and altogether there have not been above half-a -z bargains. Portuguese Four per Cent. Bonds have realiled 284; Spanish Five per Cent. Bonds have rea lised 174 to 18i; Austrian Five per Cent. Stock has been at 84. Most of the other securities are at merely nomi nal values, say Peruvian, 52 to 53; Brazilian, 85 to 87; and Dutch Two and-a-Half per Cents. 53 to 534. The numerous railway meetings held yesterday went off, probably, not much to the satisfaction of those who have extravagant, or even moderately sanguine expec tations of a rally in the value of this class of property, but it is seldom that depression comes alone. The whole railway interest is under a cloud, and it may require time for it to emerge, but that we are now, at the blackest period, seems highly probable. The smaller companies are fully expected to get on better, being comparatively free from burdensome guarantees, and the larger undertakings will be daily enabled to bring into working order some of the branches upon the capital of which they are already paying interest. The Share Market is not worse, although very dull, and there are, indeed, one or two cases of improvement. South-Western have ranged from 334 to 34k; Great Western have been done at 73 to 73k; Great Northern at 84 to 84; North British at 124 124; South Wales at 13 to 14; and Midland at 62. Caledonian, after declin ing to 204, have rallied to 214; North-Western continue flat. East Indian are 34. oNE o'OCLCK. ,iLpsil , 0 :lil , El , (F Al.V.rlSii 1 , u - limi PRICES. dank Stock 3 i er Cent. Reduced Anns ...... per Cent. Consols Annuities 92%%% 92% Nbw VA per Cent. Anus.— . 93 374%% 93% Long Anna. to expire J an. 1860 Ditto, 30 years, Oct. 10,1859 India Bonds, 1,0001. Ditto under 1,0001... ...... .- 76 p South Sea Stock • Ditto Old Annuities Consols for Account • 92%4 92 th Rxcheouer Bills. 1) , 2 1. 8.. ed. I,ooot. June 42 43 40 p Small, June PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS ONE O'CLOCK. Austrian, 5 per Cent ..... .... 84 Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846, with Coupons-- Ditto, Ex Coupons Ditto, Account . 27% 27% Portuguese 5 per Cents. — Ditto, 4 per Cent 2 8 14 28 V I Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840. Ditto, Account lB 18 Ditto, Passive Dividends on the above payable in London, 76 p 42 p 41 p CLOSI.N6 PRICES. 84 PRICES OF PAID. BUSINESS DONE CLOSING RAILWAY SHARES. AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES. Aberdeen Do. Preference Amber. Nott., Boston, and Eastern Junction 6 ...... ••• Ayrshire and Galloway.. 7% Beltast & County Down 25 Berks & Hants Extens. (Gt. West. Per.s per ct.) 6 BirminFham and Ox 1. rd J unct., calls duly paid, (Jr with a guaran. 20 Do, withoutguarantee 20 . ... Binning. Wolverh'ton, and Dudley, calls duly pd, or with guarantee 10 ..... Do. without guarantee 10 — Bi. ming., W olverla'pton, and Stour Valley 131. 145... Birkenb ead, Lancashire, an Cheshire June.... 20 Bogon, Stamtd & Birm. 71. 4s. ... Bristol and Exeter 9O ..., „ . ........ ....„ Ditto, Thirds Nuekinghainthire Caledonian Ditto, Quarter Shares 12 1 / x Ditto, New 10/. Pref... 10 Di tto,Clydesdale June 50 .:hester and Holyhead... 50 Ditto, Preference l5 ...... Clarence Do. Ist Class, 6 per Ct. 10 Do. 2d Class, 5 per Ct. 10 Do. Government Loan, 4 per Cent. Direct London & Ports- 2I WA mouth Dublin and Belfast Junc. 40 ..„.. Dundalk & Enniskillen 22% t ast Anglian, 251., L. & E. and L. and D...... 25 Do. 18/., E. & H.... 18 ...... Do., W. 10s., Pref... 3% ..••• Ea.tern Counties... Do. New, Gua. 6 per et Ditto,Extension, 5 per Cent., No.l 6/. 13s. 4d.... 1 / 2 p l4 p Ditto ditto, No. 2...61. 13s. 4d... !i i p Do. North. & Eastern, 6 per Cent. ...., ... 50 Ditto. 5 per Cent.... 50 ...... •• •• — Ditto, LA Shares - Do. New 43 Eastern Union, Class A (late E. U. Shares) 25 Ditto, Class A, ditto... 3% . _ Do., Class B (I. & B.) 25 Ditto, Class C, ditto... 22 1 / 2 . .... Do. Scrip (6 per cent.) 20 ...... -- ,„., ..... East Lancashire 25 ..... 1 5 1 / 2 .... , ........ 15 1 / 2 Ditto, New Ditto, New Quarters 6 1 4 Do., 6 per Cent. Pre ference Quarters ... 6 1 4 East Lincolnshire ...... 25 Edinburgh and Glasgow 50 ...... ••• •••• Ditto, Half Shares ... 20 .. .. Edinburgh said Northern 25 Ditto, Newport l5 .. ~. ...... ......... Exeter,Yeovil, & Dorch 23 s — . Exeter and Exmouth... 2Is. Gla-gow, Dumfries, and Carlisle ....... ... ..8/.65. 8d.... Glasgow,Kilmar., & Ayr 50 ..... . Do. Preferenc e Consol. - - ...... •• • ••• ..... Great Northern Do., 1 / 2 A Deferred ... 12 1 / 2 -- Do., 1 / 2 B 6 per Cent... 7 1 / 2 5 Do., 5 per Cent. Pref. 5 .ren: South. and West. (Ireland) ... 222 rcat North of England.loo 222 Ditto, New, 401 4O - Ditto, ditto Ditto, New, 30/ 3O —"" Ditto, New,lsl l5 .. .. Great Western 100 ...... 73% 73 Ditto, % Shares Ditto, IA Shares Ditto, Fifths ...... ...... 20 ...... 13 1 ,4 l 3 l /2 Ditto, New 171........ 15 ,„. .. •••••• Hall and Selby .. ...... 50 ~.... _ Ditto, Half Shares ... 25 ...... ...., --• Do. Quarter Shares... 12% ...... „... Lan•astcr and Carlisle... 50 Ditto, Thirds —. LaticaJOre & Yorkslureloo Do. do. M. B. S 8... 95 .... —. .... Ditto, ditto , ......... 96 ..,_ Dttii. 1 4 Shares ...... 46 ..• •• Do, Quarters ... ...... 22% — D. Fifths... ......... ... 10 Do. Thirds •••••••••••••• • 15 ..••• Do. New Guaranteed 6 per Cent.. . ..... .. 10 .. —..•.....—.... !O. LiVcrP. t;r.d. 11;ury 46 — Litt° (Hod lentield t,nd .-1. Sheff. )... 0,,, (W. hi .11.11 , , Union) 9 .. ... 4 Do. (Preston &\V re) 25 Do. ,/,'-, Shares(A)... 10 ...,... - Leeds and Brcdtord 5O - Leed,- and Thirek ...... 50 - Ditto, New Do.. Prefer., 6 per Ct. 3, l ' a — l ' (, , PrE f. Quar., 18 i S 9 ....,. Liverpool, Crosb3 - 41,,,,1 Southport - ' ondon & Black wall 1 2 1 41 3% Lon , ,lon, BriEhton, and, South G0?..5.t... .., .. 50 ...... 37 ...... Do. Guarani. 5 per ct.. 9 ...... 93'f 3 .. . I'o. Prefer. 5 per cent. 50 Ditto, ditt0.,.... 1852 50 ...... Ditto, New Si., guar. 6 per cent. Umidon and Greenwich 12/1584d... .. ...... .... D.tto, Preference .. . 20 Loridcn and N. Wt.,tern 100 ..,...127 127 1 / 2 ...... Ditto, New Quarters.. 12 ...... 14 14 1 / 8 Dit to, Fift ,- ..... ...... 2 . .. 6 Do. 401.ShAres( L. M. ) : 0 - Do. 10L (51. & B.) C. 1 ...... Lqz,, , .. &S. Wc..ctern ..... 50 .. .. 33 3 / 1 % 34 1 4 ... 34 Ditto, New 50/. ...... 42 1 / i...... 26L/ 2 ,.. 26 1 4 i .1.. IN etu 401... 54 Ditto, Thirds 16L1313.41... •-- die. ..... ...... Do., New Scrip, 1848, Pref. 7 per Cent. en Deposit, and 5 per ' Cent. on Calls '...... 5 Lo n don( 1 e &Cy lerain, 25 Do. 1 / 2 Shares •.. 3% inionderry and Enna- ki:h•ri — Do. 14 Shares—. 5 ...... Man,•_;! - I.,,tcr,Buxton,and Mat10ck....., .• 5 ...... HATICiI ester, Sheffield, and - Lincolnshire ...100 - Do. Quarters (No. 1) 23 Ditto ditto (No. 2)... 25 D 0.% Shares (No. 3) 12 1 / 2 — Do. New 101. Pref lO ...... - - -- - Ditto, Gt. Grimsby Ditto ditto . ......... 19 - Ditto ditto Ditto Sheffield and Lincolnshire 2 2 1/. ... - Do., Grimsby Dock... 25 - Do. Blanchester and Lincoln Union..... 41.25. Jlidland Do. Consolidated Pref.100 Do., do., 50/. Shares 30 ... .. Do. Birm., and Derby 100 — Do.Consol. Bristol and Birming., 6 per ct.... 100 126 Ditto,Brist.B4Glocstr. 40 ...... Ditto ditto .... .18/.125.6d.... Do.,ErewashVal.,Pref. 50 Ditto, Leicest.lk Swan nington, 8 psr ct. guar.loo - Midland Great Western Irish 4 7 1 /2 Middlesbro' and Redcar, 6 per cent. guar. New castle and Carhsle.loo ~ — -- Do. Quartmrs .N‘wmarket ...... ..... . 23 - Do. Extension Sew port, Abergavenny, and Hereford 6 ...... _ _ .. Newry and Enniskillen 7 Newry, Warrenpoint, and Rostrevor 2O - Nortolk ... 100 lio. New 202. .. Lo. Guaranteed 5 p et. 20 — Do. Guaranteed 5 1 / 2 pe. 5 Do. ~.owe,tott(4 per et) 20 - Ditto (6 per et.) _ l3 _ _ Do. do - . Waveney Val. 2 ...... Northern Counties Union 4 ...... Nortu Britizu ........ ... 25 ..... 12% 8 % 1 2 3 /4 Ditto, Halves .. ..... 12% Ditto, Quarters Ditto, Thirds ........84 -•-- •••• - Ditto Preference North Stadordshire ... 17 orth Wales . ... 3% — Nof th- Western .... Oxie,rd, Worcester, and Wolverhampton _._ . Reding„ Gruiliiiord, and Reigate l5 - .. ..... ...... -- /toy Btou and Hitchin ... 41A..... ...... ••. .... Scottish Central Scottish Midland Ditto,New ...., 22' 4 .... .. ..... Shrewsbury and Birni... 11 ...... ..... Ditto ditto. Class B. 7 Ditto, New Guaranteed 8 Shrewsbury and lierefil. 3 Sarewsbury & Chester (Nor. W. Alin.) - ••• .••• -- . . _ Ditto Halves ditto 9 Ditto Oswestry ...... 18 1 / 2 — Ditto New Do. 8 per Cent. Prof Shropshire Union south Devon Do. Preference So ith Staffordshire B% — South Easters Do., No. 1 Do~ N 0.2. .... Do., No. 3 .............30 .. Do., Registered No. 4 10 ........ .. 6% Do., Scrip No 4 South ‘V ales South Yorkshire, Don caster, and Goo'e Sheffield, Rotherham, & Goole (N. Div.) Gua ranteed r ... , c „,. ... 14,A ._. ... —. Do. do (Sou. Div.) ... 5 ...... .... ....• Swans. & Loughor & Ca meron's Stm. C0a1.... 7 Faw Vale Extension ... 8 fkamee Haven Dock and Railway ........ 17% Vale of Neath ... .. 8 ..... Waterford and Kilkenny 20 . . Waterford and Limerick 47 1 ,4 .—.. .... ••••• •••• •••• •••• ••••• 000000 ....... Watertd,Wxfrd,Wicklw and Düblin Wear Valley 6 per Cent. Guaranteed ... .. ...... 50 ...... Do. do. do. ... 25 - $O Do. do. do. ... 15 West Cornwall..... .... 6 ... A hitehaven & Furness 16 Windsor, Staines, and South Western ..... ... 14 ...... W ilts, Somerset, & W ay mouth Yet k, Newcastle, and Berwick. .... ........ ... 25 ••• ./... ••• . ..... ~ Do. Newcastle Eaten. 20 D. G. N . h.Preference 8 ... Do. H , rtlepool Dock and Railway .. 100 . York and North Midland 50 :2 3 IA 24 Ditto, Preference lO • — FOREIGN RAILWAYS Anglo Italian (late Ita lian and Austrian). ... 5 Boulogne and Amiens... 20 Central of Franco (Or leans and Vierzon)... 20 Demerara .... ........... ... 17 1 A — Dutch Rhenish ...... ... 8 ... .. East Indian ....... ........ 3 1 4 3 3 ,4 .......... .... . 3 3 4 Great Indian Peninsular 5 Do. Do. ... ........ 10s. ..... Louvain Ila Sambre ... 7 1 / 2 — Luxembourg Ditto lO - Madrid and Valentia... 2 ~.... Namur and Liege ...... 20 ....• .. - Northern of France,..... 14/. Bs ... d - _dis. Orleans and Bordeaux.. 7 Paris and Orleans ...... 20 Paris and Rouen 2O .. -.. •••• ...... .. .... Paris and Strasbourg ...- Rouen and Havre ...... 20 `amore .-- and Meuse ...... 20 ... •„ --- Strasbourg and Basle ... 14 ..... "' Tours and Nantes .. 11 ..... . Tournay, Jurbise, Lan- den, and Ilasseit ...... 20 ...... _ - West Flanders ........ 8 3 % .. ... -- Ditto ... B lh JOINT STOCK BANKS. Australasia , British North American 50 .... c — Colonial 25 - ......... me.. -- Commercial of London. 20 - Loudon.Joint 5t0ck...... 10 .... London & Westminster. 20 National Prov. England. 35 — - Ditto New... .....-.... 10 National of Ireland 224...... ..- ..... ..-.. Provincial of Ireland - ......... •• •• • ....• Ditto, New ... .. ..... 10 Union of Australia ..••• --- Ditto,New... ...... .. ••• 2%•••... --. Union of London. lO ...... 10% Union of Madrid 40 .... ... MINES. —. Anglo-Mexican lOO - Asturian Mining Corn... 15 - Australian Barrossa Range ... . .. —.- Blaenarvon Iron & Coal 50 --- Bolonos Scrip ...... .... ..... ..-- British Iron LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY.) LONDON, AUG. 29.—Wind at noon W.N.W., ligh t breeze and cloudy. DEAL, AUG. 28.—Wind, W.N.W. to W.S.W.—Arrci• Apollo, Peake, Grenada; Margaret Evans, New York; Argyle, Davidson, Saguena y; Catherine Blake ditto; Catherine, Flett, ditto ; C at h er i ne Black, ditto; Cicero, , , Thompson, Montreal; Gertrude, Borger, Surinam, f or Amsterdam. Tee M argaret, Galatz toYarmouth, sr rived here, after being on the Goodwin Sands this morn" ing, will proceed. The Swallow, of and from Caernar von, from Memel, struck on the west end of the Pentland Slurry last night, and sunk; crew saved. LOWESTCFT, AUG. 28.—The Old Oak, Southampton to Middleborough,b%,s come in here with damage, baling been in contact, 26th instant, off the Knock. ARDROSSAN, AUG. 27.—Arrd. Warner, Dalhousie. H.LYHEAD, AUG. 28. —Wind S.W.—Arrd. Active, Hughes, Quebec. iNi.A.RIPORT, AUG. 26.—Arrd. Albion, Scarrow, housie, for Port Carlisle. BRISTOL, AUG. 27.—Wind S.W.—Arrd. Carribeau Cocksun, Calcutta. OFF SCILLY, AUG. 24.—Unity, of Jersey, Monte Video, for London. G UERNSEY, Auu. 26.—Sid. Eliza Stone, Ne w foundlaTl: OFF PORTSMOUTH, AUG. 28.—Nora, Walf, Bahia, fo r Elsinore; Alert, St. Croix, for Copenhagen. HARTLEPOOL, AUG. 28.—Wind W.S.W.—Arrd. Lady Mary, Dixon, Richibucto. LI IDDLESBOR OUGH, AUG. 26.---Arrd. Paragon, Bell Quebec; Queen, ditto. SHIELDS, AUG. 27.—Arrd. Sovereign, Scanners, Que . bec. 28th, Margaret and Ann, Gillespie, ditto. _ GERMAN Y AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY. A supplement to the Wiener Zeitnng of the 231, gives the following account of the present position of the various armies in Hungary : " The pricipal camp of Haynau on the 18th still in Temesvar; that of Jellachich at Uipecs. Arad is in possession of the Ist army corps, commanded by Schlick, which again was in connexion with Vilagos, and a strong vanguard thrown forward to Lippa. Rudiger's army corps, in combination with Paniutine's division, lay in cantonments at Vilagos. The reserve corps, the cavalry division Wallmoden, and Lichtenstein', 3d army corps, were placed not only on the Transylvanian read, as far as Facset, but also in greater force on the road leading to Karauseber, for thither it was that the two corps of Guyon and Vecsey had retired, offering terms of negotiation and surrender. Up to the 20th, the 2d army corps had advanced from Comorn over the hills of Acs, and to the right of Nagylgmaud over Kis Ber and Moor, had restored the communication with Stuhlmeis senburg, which place the Jablonowsky brigade had en. tered without difficulty. Raab is held by the brigade Teuchert, while the brigade Melzer marches on from Janoshazt to Sumeg, scattering the detached hands that show their faces here and there, and look to the Bakony forest as their last asylum. The insurgents under Klapka have all retreated to Comorn, where a truce was agreed upon till they had received a confirmation of the news of Georgey's defection." PRUSSIA. The Independence of Brussels publishes the follow ing, dated Berlin, 24th instant : " Count de 13ulow, the Under Secretary of State, has to-day communicated to the First Chamber the docu ments relative to the restricted federation which has been announced for some days. These documents form a large folio volume of nearly 80 pages. They contain, after an introduction, the circular of the 28th of May to the Government of Germany, the dispatch of the 28th of April to our Ambassador at the Central Government relative to the position of Prussia as regards that Go vernment and the National Assembly, the protocols of all the conferences of Berlin from the 17th to the 26th of May, the final protocol of the 26th of May, the project of the constitution, the electoral law, the statute of offensive` and defensive alliance, the declaration of the Saxon Ambassador of the 26th of May, that of the Envoy of Hanover, of the same date, the circular relative to the arbitration tribu nal at Erfuth, and the memorial explanatory of the constitution of the 28th of May; such are the contents of the first volume. The second part of the collection has a certain historical importance. It contains the ne gotiations of M. de Canitz ut Vienna before the 26th of May, the instructions given in that mission to our envoy, the project of union submitted to Austria, the reply of Prince Schwartzenburg, and the communication to Austria of the result of the conferences. The end of the introduction, which takes the question from the beginning, recounts what has taken place at Frankfort, and justifies the policy of Prussia as far as concerns the Parliament. It says—Baden, Electoral Hesse, Nassau, Saxe-Weimar, Bernbourg, Brunswick, Saxe-Altenbourg, and Mecklenbourg-Strelitz, have adhered and ratified their adhesion. Grand Ducal Hesse, Mecklenbourg- Schwerin, Saxe. Coborg-Gotha, Meinengen, Olden bourg' Schwarzbourg, Rudolstadt, Reuss, Hamburgh , and Bremen have adhered, subject to ratifica tion. Dessau, Cmthan, Sonderhausen, Waldeck, Lippe, Hesse Homhoure, and Lubeck have mani fested their intention to adhere. Wurtemberg, Ho henzollern, Hechingen, Sigmaringen, Lippe Detmold, Lichtenstein, and Frankfort have not yet declared. Negotiations are pending with Bavaria. The relations to be established with Holstein and Luuenbourg have been reserved fur the negotiations of the peace with Denmark. Tha Governments who have manifested their intention to adhere, and those who have not yet declared on the subject, have been requested to make known their definitive resolutions within the shortest possible delay, in order that the council of administra tion of the alliance may be in a position to understand its extent, and to take the necessary measures fur the convocation of the Diet.' What is more important, perhaps, than the volume of which I now give you the substance is the speech of Count 'e Below, when he communicated the documents. The following are its more salient points :—After detailing the circum stances which necessitated the conference at Berlin, he said, The Federal States supposed two conditions — a strong executive power, which would maintain order at home and represent Germany abroad, and a national Legislative Parliament. The first comprises the com mand of the army, rejects the directory, and only per mits the two great powers to be face to face in the Federal State. One great power cannot abandon to another its army and its representation abroad. Here there is no compromise possible. Austria has its point of support out of Germany, and she cannot be invested with the highest dignity of the empire in a purely German sense. Austria cannot make the German pro vinces participate in a Diet of the empire; her unitary constitution of the 4th March is opposed to it. This is a fact which we state without waking any remark on it. Prussia alone can take on herself the supremacy. The question of our presidency is identical with that of the constitution and with the existence of the Federal State. That is why we have offered Austria an offen sive and defensive alliance. We have not wished to break asunder the old bonds which united us to that power. Wo think, to solve the German question, there must be first a Federal State and then an alliance with Austria.' The orator, in quoting the text of Art. 11 of the Act of the Confederation, and Art. 6, of the Final Act, proved the legitimacy of the restricted federation, and added, ' The presidency of the federation will corn pi cesea ...1, .L -3 1 •6^ Princes will secure the participation to the legislative power. Bavaria wishes to transfer the executive power to the college, and make the presidency a simple instru ment. Prussia cannot consent to that proposition. We cannot sacrifice the conquest of our forefathers for an institution which will not favour German unity. In the interest of our power we should reject any organization which does not grant to Prussia the rights conferred on her by the project of May 26. The Federel State, if established, must be so under the presidency of Prussia. We roust now put the question. Yes or no? The Go vernments have been invited to make known their defi nitive declaration. Then will take place, in as short a time as possible, the convocation of the Diet of the em pire. It may happen, that by this means we shall not attain the desired object. It is necessary above all things to show that the Government and people wish for a Federal State. If our allies now hesitate to follow us to the end, we shall then have to again ask our selves if we ought to make still further sacrifices to an unrealisable project. We shall have gone beyond our duty, and we shall have the pain of being obliged to abandon the solution of the problem to a better future.' rhe Chamber listened to the speech iu at• tentive silence, only interrupted by marks of approba tion. The galleries were full, as was also the portion reserved to the diplomatists. It was remarked that when M. de Below left the tribune, M. Camphausen advanced towards him and shook him heartily by the hand. The Chamber has fixed for Monday the continuance of the discussion on the motion of M. Camphausen, which had been adjourned for the production of documents." The Spanish General SERRANO has arrived at Berlin. The Countess NESSELEODE, wife of the Russian Prime Minister, died at Salzburgh on the 20th, of apoplexy. on the 25th the " May prisoners " were released, having undergone the three months' imprisonment to which they had been sentenced. Among them was Dr. WALDECK, brother of the celebrated WAL DECK. The prisoners were received at the gates of the gaol by deputations, who handed them into car riages prepared for them, and escorte d t h en to their respective abodes amidst the shouts of the people. The day was celebrated as a public holiday, and in the evening a crowd assembled, with the intention of serenading Dr. WALDECK, but were dispersed by the military. The Second Chamber sat on the 25th, and M. DE RADOWITZ laid before the Members copies of the papers relating to the German question which had on the previous day been presented to the first Chamber by Count BuLow. In the course of his speech M. RADOWITZ made the following allusions to Austria : "It is known to you." said the orator, " through the note of the 23d of Januarf(this celebrated note signed by M. de Bulow, which created so great a sensation in the German political world) that the King's Govern. ment made every effort to come tqoueasnan of cco submission h issfon the Assembly o to f aFrsaimnkpfloo question Frankfort —but in vain. The N ( m to aatt tioenrawlasFrankfort).reduced Was it possible for the Government to submit unconditionally ? No, it could not. Had it done so it would have sacrificed the established relations of the country and a glorious history without the slightest compensation. Look at what occurred at Dresden and Stutgcrdt, where, instead of a German empire, German anarchy broke loose. The Government could not possibly think of its own interests alone, or act according to what was termed the dictates of a bold policy, and profit by the embarrassment of others. This would have been a most Machistvelic proceeding. Consequently Prussia resolved only to act upon the bases of the free assent and accord of other governments and national representa tions. It proceeded with justice and mature considera tion. Its task was most difficult. Whilst some demanded that Prussia should merely act as the executor of the Frankfort National Assembly, others required her to re turn to the old Confederation. The difficulties were in creased partly by the conduct of Austria towards Ger many, partly by the repugnance of certain midland states to all octroyment (of constitutions), and partly by th e objections raised by many honourable men in our own country against the union of Prussia to Germany, lest sloe should be enfeebled, in lieu of receiving strength or support from this union. The Government did not r t a h ilsi i ,k f i f e k dopo i tl:fnasgedi.vnigssaobouleerbcotuounsttry adopt op wo t u h l e d b easiest be c e o n urs a e and return to th e o ld system . She in haedldeadthlyatsttrongbgeleui powerful succour to the subversive p art y . It would fetal, perhaps, to the monarchy. Nothing remained, therefore, fur Prussia, but to propose an intimate union to such states and to such national assemblies as chose freely to unite with her. . . • I will spare you the treaty of the Germanic Confederation. Thirty-three years of its history are before us. The labours of the Diet were limited to mere documentary produc tions. Not being able to succeed in mediating between governments and their states (assemblies), they were, of course, unequal to any positive exertions of their own. Thu 3 the Diet, at last fell into general con tempt The complaints raised SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. The Statholderate of Schleswig appointed by the Central German Power has retired to Holstein, after issuing the following proclamation : " PROCLAbIATIoN OF THE STATIIOLDERATE. " Schleswig-Holsteinersl—lt is known to you that Prussian and Danish Commissioners, under the media tion of the British Got ernment, concluded, on the 10th of July, an armistice, to which were added preliminaries of peace, and that these negotiations were ratified upon the 17th of the same month. In accordance with the 10th section of the convention for an armistice, the Go vernment of Schleswig-Holstein must be made over upon he 25th instant to a committee of administration, con sisting of Count Eulenberg and M. de Tillisch, for the duration of the armistice. The Statholderate has solemnly protested against the above-mentioned con ventions, as being opposed to the rights and welfare of the duchies. Directions have been issued to the Central Powers of Germany, to German Governments to execute practically the military stipulations of the armistice. Under the immediate existing circum stances, the Statholderate is not in a position to offer practical resistance to the stipulations of the convention. It yields, therefore, to the momentary pressure of events. It will henceforth quit its regular seat (of administra tion) in the ton of Schleswig, and remove, together with the Ministerial departments of both duchies, and the Government of Schleswig-Holstein, to Kiel. " Whilst the Stadholderate makes this publicly known it renews its protest against the legality of th e t rea ty o f armistice and preliminaries of peace; it reserves to itself all the rights of the duchies, and of individual inhabitants of the land; and protests specially against all future acts of the Committee of Administration that may have pre. judicial effects. The rights of the King of Denmark, now as heretofore, are limited to the government of Schleswig, in his quality of Duke of Schleswig- Holstein. The Statholderate, in virtue of the acknowledged power delegated to it by the Provisional Central Power and Representative Assembly of Schleswig-llolstein, the only legal powers, will continue to conduct the government of the duchies, under reserves for the rights of the Sove reign (Landeshernn)— [what Sovereign ?] —until the con clusion ordefinitive peace. All authorities and functionaries, spiritual and temporal, in the Duchy of Schleswig are hereby called upon, and the Statholderate exprets from ch.(' 013,7 •61.3 U will, during the actual existence of the commission of administration, continue to perform all duties connected with their functions, for the good of the land, so far and so long as they are able to connect this performance with their duty and conscience. We, however, summon all of you, beloved fellow-citizens of Schleswig, to support 'his severe trial with all the strength and nobleness of heart which are hereditary gifts in the Schleswig-Holstein race. The Statholderate deplores that it cannot longer conceal these facts from you. Our armaments will be continued. The duchies will be prepared for war, if an acceptable peace cannot be obtained. We trust to your well-tried patriotism and courage. We confide in the justice of Almighty God, chow will this please democrats who repudiate God's grace?], that after a short trial he will accord to a loyal people the lull enjoyment of their rights and of all possible welfare. (Signed) " The Statholderate of Schleswig- Holstein. " REVENTLOW. " BESELER, &C. " Gottorf, August 23, 1849." ITALY. A letter from Rome of the 20th, says— The recall of General Oudinot has produced a cer tain sensation. The step is looked on as a certain dis grace. The French intervention had three objects in view—to consolidate French influence in Italy, and to allow France to be prepared for events; that object is attained—to deliver Rome from the factions which op pressed it, and to open the gates to the Sovereign who had been driven away; that object has also been attained —and, thirdly, to co-opt rate in the formation of a Go vernment on liberal bases: that object is pending, and the honour of attaining it now falls on the successor of General Oudinot. This latter has effected what he was enjoined to do. Ought be to be rendered responsible for the delay which has taken place owing to unex pected complications ? No. The motives of this re call are still unknown to us. General Rostolan, his successor, somewhat frightens the Romans. They at tribute to him an energy of will and of execution which would be admirably appropriated to the exi gencies of the moment, but which frighten them; Gaeta will feel the same anxity, of a nature to precipitate use ful resolutions. All, therefore, is for the best. M. de Rayneval, who remains alone at Gaeta (M. de Corcelles having been obliged, in consequence of an indisposition of a grave character, to go for change of sir to Cas tellawara), there pursues with success, it is said, the dis cussion of the bases of the Pontifical Government. Already better selections of delegates have been made for the provinces, and, amongst others, Monsigneur Pile for the districts of Viterba, Orvieto, and Civita-Vecchia. However, I know not what sadness still broods over Rome. Monseigneur Savelli, appointed Minister of the Interior and of Justice, has not yet assumed the direc tion of affairs, although here for nine days. The three cardinal-commissioners do not leave the Quirinal, where they have fixed their residence. Some cases of cholera are spoken of. The heat is extreme; we have a certain number of soldiers in the hospital, and in addition there are flocking in from the provinces a crowd of folks, more or less estimable, who come and shelter their past policy under the shade of the French flag. The day for General Oudinot's departure is not yet fixed. One of his aides-de-camp left on the 17th for Gaeta. He probably awaits his return. Offers of loans abound." Notwithstanding the, vituperation lavished on the Provisional Government of France by M. DE FALLOUX and his colleagues, for having organized the Ateliers Nationaux during the days which followed the February revolution, they themselves are, it appears, doing in Rome the very thing which they blamed the Provisional Government for doing in Paris—they are actually organizing Ateliers Nationaux. The Gironale di Roma publishes a long regulation for the public works of beneficence, intended to pro cure work to able-bodied men without employment. The measure is declared to be only temporary. The applicants must be Romans, or persons who have been settled five years at Rome, or else foreigners who have married Roman women. Minors under 18, and persons unable to work, are excluded. The works are to be allotted by contract. The system and discipline to be followed in the works of beneficence is to be military as far as possible. The workmen actually inscribed are organized in six companies of 500 workmen each ; every company has 1 director, 5 assistants, 25 ser geants, and 50 corporals. The other articles relate to mere details. It appears from a letter written by the Austrian artillery officer, licnanus, and published in the Soldaten Freund, of Vienna, that balloons have been used for the bombardment of Venice. It appears that the operations were suspended for want of a proper vessel exclusively adapted to this mode of ail are, as it became evident, after a few experiments had been made, that, as the wind blows nine times out of ten from the sea, the balloon inflation must be conducted on board ship; and this was the case on ,a..... p CA] Cap from j repo r t ; reurde in a ILllier Las' th e st tak en and hotel fro m t tunatel prison to the 1 saol, 2 Was le Prin c i i tour O'c on dre a df tinctly tal 'was i n In to 4 When Paper t ttioney than ti turniti Stip Poli ce 4 eseri ttoppe aPecia Greek were Leahe, IjUrr e J. HUI Th e th e fol SOOl hit Pay; Iltd( th e Co tt (Cri of ii at tl %ter L o ki sine ro,or Bee° Ly Lac Gri :it -