The Sun. — London, England, 1820-05-23 00:00:00

FOX TIIE SUN. ON THE RECENT PETITIONS FOFt A FREE TROE. No. 11. MR. EDITOR—If experience is to be the test of truth, it it impossible to avoid regretting that ADAM SMITH did not live to SEC his principles put to that tett by a series of events which he, in his closet, never contemplated. Had he survived until the present slay, he would doubtless have cautioned his disciples against applying to the events of the last two wars a chain of reasoning never prepared for them. From what be knew, and had seen, he reasoned ; and, no dostbr, in general reasoned very justly but what would be have said, whilst writing nn the balance of Trade, to any man who should have had the hardihood to prophecy that the day woold s• , o11 arrive when all the world were to be at war t.itain, when all the ports its Europe were to he shut against her maunfacon es, and when the American supplies to her West Indian Colonies were to be wittlbtld. itaving HUI{ and her Colonies to their own resources i Would he have believed that she, An , ceus-like, When struck to the earth in the opinion both of friends and enemies, would have rken a Giant refreshed, with redouble:l force, solrly from the impulse given to her own energies Would he have believed it possible that she conitl have developed the resources which she has done, and that not with an exhaustion of strung!li, but with even an enlarged prospect of further gigantic exertions No ! Sir, he would have shrunk, is second Macbeth, from the glorious display, and consigned the Prophet to Bedlam ! Yet we not only Jived to see it ; but, I am afraid, hAve in some mettsure lived to forger it ;—and to forget that, wh,n one \\odd as lost to !,,?r, Britain, in her Colonies, found a Worldi of her own ! ! ! CANADA. with the other Norili American Colonies, by forni,hing Naval t:upplies for home use, and provisions and lumber for the West In dies, occupying our Merchant. shipping, and as sisting in the consumption of our manufactures, was a principal agent in this political reaction, cannot for a moment he doubted by him who pre• fors facts to theory. But, Sir, Canada even more. Then, as now, she evas our only bulwark against American aggression, the only defence of our Fur Trade and of our extensive Hud son's Bay Territories. Ail this she was when, comparatively speaking, in political infancy, and shall we now desert her whilst advancing, with liappy promise, towards manhood Let us look at her extensive and highly ,capable 'lerritory, as yet but thinly peopled. Thirty years' ago her population did not amount to lao,oocn but if we consider how much that must have in creased in the progress of a complete generation, aided as it has been by the tide of emigration, we must feel that, indtpendent of national gratitude, tine have an increasing deinaud upo►t our uational policy. _ _ We cannot discover new worlds for our Manufac- totes, nor even hope to discover new regions in this ; but shall we only look to Countries like the North of Europe, who are too poor to pur chase our goods, or, like South America, where climate, habits, and religion render nine-tenths of •our Manufactures superfluous for an increasing sale, and neglect those who will not only enrich us, but even grow richer themselves, and that too for our future benefit, by being our customers ? We all recollect the disappointment at ising front absurd shipments, on the first opening of the South American Ports—of blankets to Brazil, eoffin•forniture where coffins are unknown, ho siery where the people wear no shoes—nay, Sir, 1 myself have seen polished stove-grates and fire irons exposed for sale in the principal street of Port of Spain, where the sun is nearly vertical half the year, and where a chimney would be as great a curiosity as a horse at Venice. Shall we neglect Canada and the Sister Colo nies, which can never compete with us in Mann factures, even for their own consumption, with the exception of some trifling coarse linens and woollens of homespun, and which can supply us with all the oak, elm, ash, chesnut, walnut, pot ash, ginseng, nay, even tobacco, and, in time, probably hemp, that we can require—every thing, in short, but white oak staves, which are consi dered indispensable for rum puncheons we neglect her to foster those who only wish to become useful and, at last, necessary to us, in or der to wound the deeper, when they shall thus be enabled, in the hour of danger and distress, to cut us off from every possible resource, by again shut ting their ports against us. " The man who has injured you," says ROCHeFOUCAULT, " will never forgive you ;" and who will deny that what lie predicates of the individual is also true in the ag gregate ? Btsicles, Sir, we must not forget that prospects of trade with the north of EuroFe are as yet but hopes ; wbilst we now know that Canada takes from ns Rnm, Wine, Sugar, Tea, and Bri tish manufactures to a vast and annually increas ing amount. In the year 1819 ) the imports of Quebec alone were near 250,0001. greater in value than in the preceding; and that too under di minished invoices, the whole amount of that year's importations exceeding ONE MILLION POUR HUNDRED THOUSAND POUNDS ! The exports, omitting Furs anti Peltry, amounted' to between seven and eight hundred thousand Pounds, princi pally in Timber, the very article intended to be brought From Norway, Prussia, and Sweden. The whole of which employed 150,000 registered tons of shipping, but really loaded a surplus of 50,000 more, giving bread and employment to about 7000 seamen. Besides the Canadian part of the question we must also,take info consideration that of her sister Colonies, which employ up wards of 900 sail annually. It is a well ascertained fact that tie whole of our Nortb American Colonies, dotinr.; the past year, employed upwards of 340,000 tons of shipping. It is a fact as well, ascertained that within the last five years, the increase of Seamen employed in our North American Colonial trade has actually been ftom 6,707 to 17, 634 men and all this improvement not withstanding an ex isting check, resulting from the apprehension of n ew darks out Catintli.4n produce, and of opening the Northern poets by a remission of duties on Timber. At present, Mr. EDITOR, the ship ving employed in the trade to British North Am rica is equal to one-seventh of our whole tonnage. But is that to he sported with, even if no other objection existed than the tact that the Baltic Trade would cause a diminution of one-third of seamen and shipping in proportion as it supersedes that of British North America ? The Baltic trade, indeed, makes good seamen, of a certain species : but the Colonial trade, if not quite so much of coasting practice, has sufficient to form excellent seamen, independent of the ad vantage of its long sea voyages. It is a well known fact in the navy, on the breaking out of a war after a long peace, that seamen solely accus tomed to the North Country trade requite ranch seasoning and considerable practice before they become fully efficient on long cruizes. , But one word more, Sir, shall l add upon the new recommended policy.—The Colonial Timber trade expenditure is .mostly laid out • for actual labour. Destroy it, or even cripple it, you not only ruin the merchant and Canadian lant!hohler, but starve the workinig population. Thi s i s essily proved, for a till that only cors five shil lings where it stands, is worth abour NiNtt POUNDS, when teady for shippirg. This fact, alone, speaks Yolumrs ! In mV next, I shall consider the West Indian and Home questions, and now remain, Yours, RALEIGH. LONDON JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. [Morning Chronicle] We have seen - Lima letters, dated the 15th Ja nuary, received in Jamaica by the way of Paita. These letters distinctly say, that the manner in Which Lord Cochrane had plundered the coast of Peru and destroyed the property of the peaceable inhabitants, even of the harmless Indian fisher men, had completely counteracted the increase of partisans on share, and in a very powerful manner strengthened the hands of :he Viceroy, The alarm spread every where in the Pacific was so great, that an end had nearly been put to that immense and valuable trade in dry goods that had been cart ying on for years across the isthmus of Panama, the country merchants not venturing to go to Jamaica for supplies. [New Times.] A letter from an officer at Trincomalee, dated November 28, states, that our naval establish ment there was very sickly, and bad been so for a long period, with no prospect of a more healthy time for some months. Two ships, of 28 guns each, had been ordered to be built at the new esta blishment at Cochin, on the coast of Malabar, with some smaller vessels for the dock-yard at Trincomalee. The Minden and Set ingapatam were daily expected at Ttincomalee with teak plank for the dock, a great want of which was experienced. With respect to obtaining timber from the island of Ceylon, the cu-operation of the Ceylon ao vernment was so tardy and detective, that timber demanded in January, 1818, would not be fur nished until April, 1820. PROVINCIAL JOURNALS. Though we lately have been prevented from giving the outline of Public Opinion through the Country, by Extracts from Provincial Journals, we shall never lose sight of so useful a plan, as well as of making daily selections from those of the Metropolis. The following are the sen timents of The Leeds Intelrigencer of yesterday, a loyal and judicious Journal : " British Jurisprudence was certainly never exhibited to greater advantage than in the trial of Hunt and his assuciAtes, which has been at length brought to a conclusion.--The malignity of fac tion has been lately directed against the judicial institutions of our country ; and even the Trial by Jury' has been impugned, by the men , who have set themselves in array against every ancient establishment; and who would, at one tell 1141. " anuilaite the witole of therm-.-sub. stituting in their stead, some new-tangleo ioveu tions, founded on the crude and theories of our modern politicians. What has been the reply to these calumnies ? Why the most tot pudeut libeller of the Government and the Con stituted Authorities, the most unbloshiog traducer of rank and virtue, veitlio;:t respect to party, the most audacious defier of the laws, the most in sulting opponent of the magistracy—this man has been tried for a crime scarcely short of treason ; and tried in such a Way, as most convince the world of the falsehood of the charges which have been brought against the laws of England, or the manner in which they ale administered. The patience anti forbearance of the Jury, the Judges, anti Counsel, engaged in this impoi taut case, arc beyond all praise. " It must be in the recollection of our readers, that hunt, when he passed through Leeds ou his way to Yolk, said he had no doubt of obtaining a vetdict of acquittal, which would be a verdict of guilty against the Manchester Magistrates and Yeomanry. As, hoe. ever, he was found instead of innocent, we %you'd ask, if his logic be correct, if it be not a verdict of acquittal for those geolemen, against all the infamous chat'ges which have been trumped op against them ?' We hope to hear no more of the illegality of their conduct—we hope their traducers will now as sume a virtue, if they have it not ;" and cease to asderse honourable men for hao ing done their duty. " One thing connected with the proceedings of last week must be highly satisfactory, both to the July who tried tl►e case, and to the cottony. Hunt; in his speech in mi , igation of punishment, insinuated that the verdict was not in accordance with the feelii.gs of the Judge. Mr. Justice I;.►YLEY, however, immediately said, be was mistaken—for had he beet) nit the Jury, tie mutt have found a verdict against Mr. Hunt, and some other of the defendants.' This decimation will also, we trust, put a stop to another fruitful source of calumny. " %Viten compared with the magniir,de of the offence, the sentences of the different defendants are lenient. Lruht, chief if: ,ration and in crime, is visited with the heaviest penally, and this is just.--He has been not only guilty himself, butt the cause of guilt in others ; and eseir handed justice has now meted out his appropriate reward." fI4 tRi CAL RE Ci I s E Performed Last ir!elif. TIIXATRE ROYAL, DitultY-LANE.—Kiag Lear : King. Lear, Mr. Kean; Edgar, Mr. Rae; Mi 3. Glovei . ; Ragan, Mrs. Egerton; C,rdelia, Mrs. W. West. After whir;;, The Lady and the lit THEATRE ROYAL, Covi:Nr-GAtinsrl.---(Fourth 'lime), Virgi nius Virr ' inius, Mr. Macready ; Ictiius. Mr. C. K e whl, ; Virzini4, Miss Foote; Servia, Mrs. Faticit After which, i,st Time), The battle o !3oti,well brigg. WHIT TUESDAY.—HoIiday az the Li.uik, Exchequer, East India, ;And south Sea House. 3. ARRIVEIf-1 Dnl)lin, 1 I,Vaterford, 1 Gottenburgh, 1 France. Dus—l Guernsey ierbeY, 1 holland, 1 Gottenburgh, 1 Lisln , n, t Hamhurgl). HICU WATER Ai TO -MORROW. 1G minutes after il. I Evening, 44 tir.,wr,s a ft e r 11. THE SUN. SOLESI rife:EltE 7:Ii,SLJAI AIII;EA ? LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 23, 1820. We received this mottling the Pans Papers of Saturday last. In the Chamber of Deputies on Friday, the discussion on the Election Projet was again resumed, and again adjourned till Saturday ; the Speakrs were M. M. de VILLELE, TERNAUX, GUITTARD and BbUILDBAU. The following ate Extracts " Pauts, 20.—The King transacted busi ness yesrerday with the Minister for Foreign Af fairs, and the Duke the " The Court of Peers yesterday heat d out the official statement of M. Began, end after delibe rating A short time, they adjourned till this day. " Letters from Besancon conirtn the arrest of Julien Combes anti Plawseatt. Bourgeois has not been conveyed to the Conciergeric ; he is in prison at 13esancon ; another person charted, namely, the Siettr has escaped.—(Ga zette de France) " The Doke d'Angonlerne is expected at Nancy the 22d instant, and to set out the . 26th for Strasburg. " Monday last, at 9 P. M. Awing the storm, ibe Courier from Paris, when on the height of Nangis, and proceeding to Troyes, saw fall k.t some distance from the carriage two balls of fire, which illuminated the whole plain, and left a thick smoke, which could not be seen through. He was almost suffocated by the snlphureous vapour. " it appears that h was in consequence of the disclosures made by Gravier , and his accomplices, that the conspiracy was discovered, which was to have broken ont in Franche Comte'. Bourgeois, who is still in the Conciergerie, has been subjected to several interrogatories.—(Journal des Debuts.) TM PBR CENTS. Ftitiity 74 f. 33 c. DP,FRRRED STOCK. Of the 22d Mar i e!), 1817 ....... .....103 f. 10 c. 22d Nia)t.ll, 1820 91 f. c." .[There is no later news in these J0(1111419 from Spain than what appealed in the preceding Papers.] [Extract of a Letter from St. Thomas's, April I.] " Nothing positive is known front the contend ing armies on the Main it is, however, rrported, that MogILLO v;tl et ttie o 8060 theil, '(I dete,mined to attach the Inclependeuts, under Boa LIVAEI, whose forces me said to be equal to dic Royalists, and two-thirds of them E ng lish. It is also asserted, that both armies are determined e 4 engage, and their advanced guards wise in sh;fill of each other." A letter received in Dublin today, from a Gen• tleman in Jamaica, and dated Kingston, 2 5 t 11 Match, YOU will have learned, ere !big reaches you, that the Wilt Legion have, taken Rio de In Hache, and wete proceeding against Santa Martha. Already have vessels left this with cargoes of provisions for thetn."—(Dubli ri Evening Post, May 20 The Letter from our Patisiatt Cortespbadiri t gives a true account of the state of France, and must prepare the mind for portentous event s,whicli are only retarded by temporary circumstances." The very delay of the Trial . of Lucre!, the assassio , may be considered as a proof of the ct state of the Country, otherwise he would have been brought at once before a legal tri o bond, and consigned to the ptmishment which , he deserves. A short time will slim whether out , speeolltions on the danger of suffering the IZe' volutionists to pollute the soil or France, ILIA have a new opportonity of subverting the Mo' narchy are without foundation. The Colonial, 'Mercantile, anti Maritime Con" cerns of this Country, are of so much importance to the general prosperity of the Empire, that'' refer our Commercial Readers, .and, indeed, Public in general, to the Second excellent 1.4C , 1Cr Of " RALEIGH'," in our Paper this tiny. . ----- Jamaica Papers to the 21st 11.1 arch have reacheit to,vn. The trig Cobh at rived at Kingston fro 4" La Guira, after a pa•sage of six days. and brought intelligence that the armies under floLi VA NiontLio were in sight of each other; tint that no dispor.ition was evinced by ei bet party to cont' inence a general engagement. According 'to R eJ connis forn Catillagetia, the inhabitants of tio t - place were in hourly expectation of 6“ attack trona' the Patriots, and it was fully expected that (lief ‘rould obtain possession of the place, there b e ine; but few troops to defend it, General Mottit.t o haling concentrated all his forces tar the porpo s6 of detending the city of Caraccas MoRANT BAY, MACICH morning bl f NlAjesty's ship Sybille, C ,pt. PoptiAm, iitichorra litte, for the purpose of receiving on board Re4r'. Admirt4 l'ornAM. Lady I),INIAN, and Aiiss ror; HAM, who hive been to 114111 for the recovery 05 th, Real heal h. BOY S. , :::OCICTY.--f% Council was held on ThOPPI day last, when Sir JosEPti tende ed resignation, but it was no; ..ccep.eit, on the avower ground of delicacy, awl resvct tor a Gent Inrot/ who has so long filed the President's,Chair, w , E l ' ) honour to hintseit }roil satisfaction to the socielY. It is supposed, nevertheless; that the worthy 13er' rottet will persevere in requesting. to resign ` l)3 Chair, awl we nntlerstand•that, in that case, it , not unlikely that it may he-taken by Prince I.2[ o :Y °. POLD. This amiable Prince ',265, it seems, tottO his attention to Natural liittorv, and is pariicte lady court's-ant with Mineralogy and tior:all' He is indeed understood to be attached to Sciences in general, and to have made great pr,,.1re33 in the study of them all. ‘Ve learn, it has bee". whispered that the Pe ince, in consequence of tt'.° expected resignation of the resent revered dent, had been consulted, and had spoken to bl c MAYESTY on the occasion, from whom he hat e,;' ceived the most gracious encouragement. 11 arrangement should take place , the Prince 0""z• have a very gratifying occupation for his vac-'4O hours and will confer additional hotionr 111 1 `'1 . . t h e , while it will tend to attach still more to a Country which hastreated hint so mach liberality, and of which he expre oe his most grateful seise err all occasions. By the Vast advices from Halifax, in N"` { Scotia, it appears that the price of fine Floor r t e barrel was only t wenty-threv curreocY' • Yesterday morning the Princess AUGUSTA °I): the DitcheiS of GLOUCESTFR Walked in the gao le r , at the bx,ck of the late Queen's Palace. Atte' e wads their Royal Highnesses went inn ca rri 4 , on a visit to the Princess SOPHIA, at Cambridge house. Tht , Princess AUGUSTA receives) visit, yelterl from the. Duke and Ditches , of CLA I a ,cs, at i `: o 1 Several of the Nohiliiy, at her !warm - Rots if ) )ate Qieen's Palace. In the evening th e Pr' s , cess dined V‘ith the Dake . aotl Duchess of RENCE. Pi ince CASTELCICALA , the Neapoli ta n'Alll -° ( sailor, -mita' ked at Dover for Frat.tee day, under a salute from the gum at the heigi ) ,, t- .e f Count li o sToPcHttt, the famous retussian neral, vho % baffled BUONAPARTa at MOSCOW) It, rived in town yesterday from France. Arrangements are making for a grand Pr °C of sion front rlymonth Duck-v.ld 04 the is Aogtin next, honour of his MAaisST Y'S Hsi e ot On Monday se'imielit, at general nuse 4 l l 7 ef, the Chamber of Commerce of Nrwcastle- 00" ,Iol the Pethion for the reversal i.t the cosotogrijet• policy of the country, was rescinded, © r as the act of Oat hotly, it el'P el'. ite that it emanated front a Couitnittte not C° ll9l IlOna t lV formed, 00 14$ Thonsands of fine LARCH Trees are i n the:- 001 of ATI-lc/Cs and other estates, .in Scothow° o ; there is 11.1 et present any sale for t hem; 04-1, is there any demand tor Naive Oak Titu t) , e n ' o we are to judge of the low price i c lt ' t bells. Mr. BROUGHAM set off on Saturday evenifigot Carlisle, to give his vote at the rice 1 013 :tiletuher lot that Cl'y, P th e I do t %Olt ob e tom 't ar the, and J'ir b e i Ile we Pil tli,