The Sun. — London, England, 1855-05-14 00:00:00

' I i f , T :7 .//7, ei'-- ~~s ' --"" , v .. , , ~ • . - - - ...... __ . _ . „ -----'• - i. • . . • , ; ( . l i,‘Ai J ' , -t-4 4, , ,, ---- 4%.: c . NPjr - ' oior • 1... 4*- k.i 11, ' .itL-:. ! : -:;ikv i. •it, ~ 1.... ~3iie. 444 4 ~., i ' 4J " • -# i 4, -. =,; ' *., T , ":-.' . fie z's- . 09% ~%G- -. 1.-"'Vfl. 4, , , :- , ' - :".',v.4-P-- , -... ''i •,,,„, .t z • -- - I.it; - •;'-:: -'-',,,•_-, \--21\1, ' ,•.. , ; , ',':,,'_.- 4. , ,?;`)//, '-'' • , .1/ h iei t t . l., , • i - , - I -a - , • - ‘ 1 ,.. .... ",, ,- - --":. . .0. i 1 ' • '.7t. ' ... + 1. - ••,. , . 4 ,-.` ' WI '- 2 '`; ..' ..-. • s) 11 r \`#,;_-,:. ' .„ , 3P. I A • ' / o - , -4,• - t-' -, 'fr, 4,-- ~, - - ..'f• ,‘,,,, i; .2 , *. " , /a y tl f, , _ %.„-„,,,- 1„:',.. , ,,---, . „„ , ii , i,: ~--;:„•-•-; er. - ›; \ , ll,k,fr _„ . . :.. , ,_ ".•„- ~' ..-- 0 ft orT. g• • "V•:' ' '' ' 'V Vt\ 5 . ....., ~... /.. " t 9D 19 \ ' In_ t• , t '' kt ti.. ~, -..- ' , ./1,,, : c„. 4:10k.. _.- e . ~..., .. . . . . . . ~~~~~ .I''' . " ..° aught''' )111. is w i4 ---L‘T SMITH'S AIONT BLANC ' 4l kt a t ill Ae u 2. n Every Evening, at 8 o'^lock, except Saturday. dray gm ay at egentations take place every Tuesday. Thu fro 3 (416.1c - , talls can be 'liken at the Box-office 41ru Eleven till Four.—Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly. IGYL liar , el 9 even ing. 11 dan ROOMS. —Immense success of the LA. v ißsovrANA: Music by H. LAURENT. SILL. w o coto' No. 19,539.] LONDON, MONDAY EVENING) MAY 14, 1855. rp l ucE SD. an y On e . , the P re ira to ° to bring n or, tiu fora' ores , the P re o o o te" f tb e r o , ) , es, 'P ared t ; wa op g n° ,. e. 0. Batt, r the stli co, >— h Te n atoit t ' r t. 0 , 1 he ilcu At i k PIA T I . l l S'ld "SHILLING" RAZOR. .a,F„erYwltoTwteßs(, warranted . go(dbythemakers, JOSEPH 4.64, street, City, I:ndoenn. Cutlery Works, Sheffield ; and 11 ) 11 . N., c , si b , r SUPERIOR TABLE KNIVES, i or „ Crystal Palace, Sydenham ; handles cannot 1 1p, I) * ow A the blades are all of the very first quality, 'At/ suppri henielel Maunfacture 411 6 ,, el at their Lonion Wa'rehonse, 37, '444111 Cutlery Works, Sheffield. Moorgate-street, 1.41-oktt 11447 PniE ATRE.—MADAME ANNA F 11 Ih A ,, l4 a'r lk; "EWELL o; the STAGE will commence on 1 144, -4 4%e: n 'ay 1 6, with Auber's celebrated Opera, THE T 1,4, witZ,ClOll, eaterina, Maclaine Anna Thillon ; supported by Obr"n, e.),,.',88111. Leiner, 0. Snmers, Bowler, and T. Wil- Ql t ,. to „ii;Dlete Oreh( sera and Chorus, conducted by M. with a new Grand Ballet Divertissement. Y 1 aid at ' tid?,, s • 45 . ; 2s • Gallery Is. Private Boxes. —` All e ac ea , to be had . a ' t the ' 801-office from 11 till 6 roft Office, 15, New Bond-street. gE 4; O I , I"f!AIIAiMS LIFE ASSURANCE AND i s ' eq MPANY L d ate-hill, London. A L E ll p t llEßY n t u g ANNUAL q l9 lll l ' l •YFN, that the SIXTH 5 41,,n; pro, Bi . nns J.!' the Proprietors will be he t ld he in o g c c e o s rd o - f 'tf lerpL!Vittr asb ° , r _tht Peed of Settlement, a N "" 1, Pre e i sei ::r : the 71n day of Jura next, at One o'clock it o y , AL A , Att .4kiRT NVoi ')P tSs ACULTURAL SOCIETY OF PR w A , ENGL IND. N, ' , N., `he L'ECTURR "On the Chemical Principl,s - r oe t lt h e So, -- l e t tl ' l l of Butter." will be delivered before the House, Hanover-sqUare, London, at oQ ziElt, yonesclav, the I,th of swill Tile tEr "May ING of the Society - will be held at Twelve • i . 44 5, the 22d. byOrder ef the Council, JAMES HUDSON, Secretary H. B. SHERIDAN, Manager. li t kt k vy 1.4 I'ID n - L-. A4l'4 A N ' L ACp v , `-'' LONDON AND CRYSTAL l i'4` l ' s l. ki°,.,.. rn ed aqi FT„_ _AiI...WAY COM PA •.- T.—At the Fourth Orell Th e ateu e l i u , Aiderrellti Meeting of this Company, h. Id at the 1 tib, Re 4 i e • tate-strett , n ,the 12th of May. 1, 1 Tlit, ''''lllt r e ,' , t ` 4 l .in th . ‘ o , llt el -,- tb„el, loo n , w: chair, l',llll':3.:l:47,llat'tjieaciTA st ate e nt p ert se c d f u a n c a co ni t m inZs ug 4 :— received and 1,2. Th at r t into 14,i ir e(ltois be authorised to take snch measures AAA, t b,,, td tfree,,,able for carrying the several objects stated otn, il'Th,,Ptinz`,' t. Ntc q k'sed b,,",e Pre, ''' a pprove of and do authorise the directors ket,,,:ql4,n, for a—ent session of Parliament, the bill entitleo ',k.','' i ta'i n nd d u ,.. til ?ri`b g arra..gements with respect to he 0,7 th t il ) :; 3? ", 0111''41 Pa'ace and tbe London and So t)tl i kt: t _ 41 4,_ m eat ina ! _oteher pu i rpotes, subject to such moditl ki. th 4 z_tb, 011 T o reb o . 1 4 pi n s se to make therein. re on his shares, rate',N Si pre l,, ini l ) , ayment ki qv Or .h ,, , disti nzu 4s e c d h as of A the i p d i r ' e r u se s p n a t - 105. shares int. , i or deferred half -141 kli ' Rh . De , ' cen r t_ ce h alf-thare • the P ß shares to receive at t Ie th a?. ' lo • Der annurn ailer the openirg of the line, wthrat B i _e it, ~„.., ertitled o all dividends and privileges over „ . r .,nr To3o n 'Ti r rs eent, „ r . an "itiist.lll. 'axton b annum, director ll . 'el l '?, and is hereby, re-elected a 6, oe aro kli N t (,ov ' T ,11 , Es Iktte,ll l q • be, and is h ere b y, re-elected a d i rector t0.211.1 t c 't lki:, l, coek ~,,, "'tbi t 'ta l Qi, fl i tnp any " e bb, Esq., be, and is hereby, re-elected t l'lll lats o ° 'llpa l ter• Es q., be, and is hereby, re-elected an audi , 0 1. p„ 3 • o t t k 4.t this annu m be allotted to the directors for their ser -NIP 2 , ' th. °, seti ti b . 'llletiOltre,, e e a r bournel until the 26th inst., at Two " lefty be i i n further considering the said bill in the 14, 01 4 ty o rd 4tr odtleed into the House of Lords. koki r er of the Board• 41110 'Street, Set, ci ty, a p a rr 1 5 , 1 2, 1 1 8 3 0 55 BELLAMY, Secretary. kkt , .------ -- 14° ,,,,,AN FUND LIFE ASSUR . .. 1 1 —ex SOCIETY. 2, Strand, London. 4, t kl)N to , May, 1845. (I,,ltib ti , All. Em- a ... ntuacTotts tvrlNl;Jellt Esq RD sym•_s. M.D., Chairman.ir.N lij 4 4t 4 t rela Y• Bsq 114 Eli. kk Char N. . Henry John Hodgson, Esq. Celrke, e r.s q . John Moss. Esq. Thomas Nicol., Esq. e Qrat' l), P R S •14n i • • Clement Tabor, Esq. ) 'l. siii. I Sq . Joseph Thompson, Esq. , MANAGE. 'at I viie .. Leander Star ß r, Esq. 4 tsto te . ~. kuurrolits. I llot. '.......'• 11 • 4 , and Professor John Radford Young. , ",„, N ~.ADICAL EXAMINERS. '3llltil, ~*,3 7. Conduit-street. IV, g . '''.l Bourdon House, Berkeley ia 1,, ' ocihous t e gi Aß ;:n.A.s., F.S.S., So• square. ASSISTANT ACTUARY 1, karker I\loo house, Esq.. k ` 44 / 1 r. tik t , ~ 4 , RANKERS Or t , v,, • ' .11.111, and Co., 56, Lombard-street. ,7173,, trego_.sot.tcrtTotts _ ... 'Y sk ow . ant ''"*" OP BONUS UP TO t. 1', 11„ , 1 7 , ilre go ,sotrctToa;'' —.- 4 4 1 ' 4 it5x,,,,,, -' . 1 ( 1,- ow and Rowcliffe. Bedford - row. It'4 — OP BONUS UP TO MAT, 1855. Age ' s oul Bonus in is, in Permanent ._ -me 4,. -........ red . , addition to Cash. An. Prim. I i "..... NUMASSOred. , 1 iii i 45 t d .£ 5. d X. N. d. 1 1 1 3 P 61 3 41 1 „ ° B X O7 i s i 7 4 . 8 1 4 56 3 8 li„' 5 5 I,(i,', 7 49 4 0 .425 16 0 32 0 4 lq i l 5, 2.0 00 171 5 0 0 3 4 16 510 10 0 6 .9 , 1 2 , N) 232 li 0 156 15 0 .6 i / x , ' 6 ' l 2 ,Z1 4 t h i 2 4 17 0 s 1 4; 1 i 2 i H I 15 2 5 t l -Ysi m ' 2'llo 1 ,23 1 0 0 67 34 1 419 10 the "'-' 1'(),N,1, 4 110 0 58 10 0 411 0 40,1' vr .„ 1--------- It ( - ) zt, L - r' T . 1 C.)1. 4 1,,,, --- 1 1,) t 14 :0•T Vl ' 'trl`i ' t-‘l-1N- INSTITUTION. 4 i. iir,,,,., 4 11it s a - ii. tt , i ~.. IC ~ t,Aortintied' Zqeistv 4 l tAqi t; 4 'l k ,‘ l lT , A l ' llf. 13T. befor.• her ,e,Eitr, t ,-Irin g th - n 1 his it ( 1 1sA, as delivered ttett.us(y, •18x0, e Wee, 63'l Highness rrince Albert, wall 4 .4 1 ., t , -L , /L i ~..,,.. 6 iNo ~,, coligis, big of the TEL t.',4les' t , -L r Ov.,: n y 41 iVA 1 , p rs " k 't , l -'.. ' XI) the SAILOL, i PII , )NI , ', ,it i, Aii4 r„.." acro, .". CAs Vli`k l l)/N? c pciditi no, o t he A I I a n ' t Fe Ao 9 Dt E d ' i t tl' h h e ne e ' Cities l in the itiA 'l7 I: ' li tuesa k/litit"h; I pr,i)Y.,,,11N,11 l.ll'"3'ly.nthe 17,h, lIIIk,MA.-, 11-4eXt.',i,;,)`L.,,,Rt :-.ArrFsitty Evening, II ADO AI3.2U_ v i ltlp , ' " q' 1'i1,,,-PX'IIS and SnNG NV lIIT',K, '.. h . : 114 N ? 'd.P4N att h . 'IA t, • -vi.VIN i VIEWS 61 the WA., ..u. , 'tel e el " c ‘ p ° ,, tr t itntcla',,, Prt)teeted by Royal Lett i er d g l i i_e et _ 3 , ar id th:ld se cured by the Seals of the Eco e "am .-e '' el Ti llllDerial College of Medicine, Vienna. 44 ',,,whet',:t,,"Axlii tit.,BENI tit, . 4 , 11 ,, .e Dephs,- srielotc.lfli• ,nernisterr"ihnne•:.'and leothenstin , of th -14:44.:1:11 tit:leent:en,trroti;rere_Dornorreesc netsesdes,: n a te e r e l i n d ; n t t h ' e or m e a l rrig a d te state 1 )‘ Eta ri.:sc.4,lllflYNalua.ble. , ‘ 3, 11 t , 3%14 t he'4l:Al,4o:rage, of ID,_aee of three d:y ' s, 2' complotely and entireo I) the N, 110,1 4 th0110;t11?.se Disorders ' which Canty! and enbe it b; Ilii• ilt,. °title pot,72aatinotnidote for, to th,,, ruin of the bea Al t. 4 t e „, ' 3 4:% "7 1 1 e 41 , elel3, ii: '' l er itai rl l l L S E tl AR, No. , 10 , 011,rue;" ' l lgll,b . ',,'lY for that class of Disorders, whicl vit,..3 h i ~,- i i ro pi th iiPic•an treats with Mercury, to the ! I tf 't.li l eWon 'e natient's constitution and which all th 6 L l 4 ll ,lll l lt e , it, Xe, i d eanlml remove i.,loll2eetr-hlellliii3 4„',.and 3, are alike devoid of taste or smell, ti 4 34' till ''''' beig '„-'l'l. They may lie on the toilet taal• tf4:l.kt._ qp,,Z'Zi A t 1 i l ii sPe':led . Ivqlllll.to Eli kdr :7. •:tc!,, free by post, 2s, extra, divided 1111« } l l, i t trA t itt,,,,, 44 leao gt ered by Valpean, Laliemand, to ß n ot!_ . irINIt,4, it, i t i v . 3 Tld p i ,..: 1 . ,, , a_nd_ Retail In London of J i o e tr 3 . 0, , O 6 x s . , t , trilizt yi ~,,qlkun dm'. g 7 i, ro t ra 46 lt lt 1, - 13 el n :tre q e " t n if anchester Wliint°ll,floie.r.' 'ean`gate, DOH:: J. - rrie.4l . y, chemist, 52, I) 'll' hqrik'sel:ll)elv•einlielh)?s kseller, 15, westmoreland-street, G It . mingham , t , v 4 v t'i , 'h t,,,, EN I) I . 1 / 4 ,e i ,,, Kt,t, Zketa call 4C RETS. p it la t to. ~.34 the Oreenhithe and Purfieet Piers. r N T t v r 'ers as underlined (weather permitting 1 4 e . 'MACE PIER, GRAVESILNI) , 1 ,5),,, a ---______________ _ C • S I 1 1 , __ 1 ii z: y o 4l i„' 4 . ;:•'. 'i Time 1 `,.. Z 1 . .... ' ...... ~~, ~~ P~ r ~ \ e~ +\'' SUNDAYS. \ P c. c. 1:4 4 1 - -n h o Z 4 . 4rch-street Station to all parts of London ', Ik, kk r 5 11 074 ULACKWALL, on the arrival of the .4 orn the Fenehurch-street Station. 10. g tt 33 ~3 x Fen church Street ? I ' \ , tort l. 114 Clr'''tl gra y l , , )'',. l l , ‘ ;‘ ,, le, (l ,eill a Fore Cabin. Saloon. ett t ‘l' .„N0,., ,lii 111 1 .1,_ L0 n10n......... 10d. .. Is. 2d. tt F t k It,. Ild ... -4 '.4vsall or Woolwish Bd, .. Os. iod. t NI t''''l int rrnedi .1, p. , it s,. ..—. To th ate Piers.. 6d. .. Os . . Sd. ill 1 or ik to e aOth of geptember, 1 , 2 1• 'r acem of .4 . ' , F,., , rp. the Collectors on board the P ,ckets i i E ' • • l er. aravesend. 44 % Ash I ttl , . . bpd - itq l , • , klte AMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY' „ b 23, illustrated with cases; free by post for 30 t N il ktr, rt ,lt ri 6"' IT ( - 1 stamps, k,'P:4_ k l`eB ,''' la s DEBILITY; 04 1 4 ' '' , lth' g o Ate tth1„11•I N p r na, and Cure.—An asy on SPer . 11 .iltettai °Of salsa O bservations on afer and more tcy ohi, ned tment of the dise s- of the Generative 1 1.1 i t tri t 4i by R o the use of the Micros a co -s pe in detecting and l ' i tiN t l tti e l i t 4 cottpira3; ezarnination, the real cause and effect of k„ o t , 3 , „ht or nt whether arising from solitary habits, tk`el,;(.ljof,,,iire e,rniate, followed by practical remarks, founded ktl l I ti 4 L , C o . t Y, L oo l ' a ?,tnee in the treatment of Impuissance tkf, t fl i'Y 1114,ibiantar.." eakness, permatorrhma,T o which ° It or pj •_' on th e n o,,f!.the Physiology of Marriage, with pre -0114ger0,87 U.s. emanating from empirical pra dice, , '' (nsoni„r.:ms4l" advocated by various writeo on 1 )r t 4 45' SA DEL , 44 14 44 1) k-, OLA MERT, M.D. . 1 % 4 o l 'trio s Q 1::I Alt E, LONDON, .t h ilti t , Flor t , , otatric lt, li, f4 t ,, , , e of , y tf,nl, fated Member of the University of Edits. tk ii , ellt,, eitialApet4e,2,er ~ /i the London Hospital Medical Society 1 15 1 q) 0 r e%4l,?bleet 4 11°3 Ran, London, &c., &c. N is , r ;,k;v e Dr ti ll 4._ this treatise is to point out the fearful con 1141' tl..- Dreirickileedultertain habits, irregularities, and excesses, k iv lt ui :s of a .atiare decay at an stages of Life than perhaps, ally Ir it h ekr 1 41 N e Qw n to modern reitholOgists ' its perusal is tl ect tl, ol 4o ,,Faclit l Z d tcl to persons en - tertalnlng s:ecret doubts of 11,t I t ~. s,ne.tt, .Fid who are conscious of having hazarded 1 4,,, , t14ie1, te , '"u Privileges to which every human being is I VOll' 'I D , 1 Ne e , sl. Gerd gii,,,,'Noom !'arYthatall men should know, that there are ktlgYt 'lll r Inauugarnent whl h I, cl hob ,i ti of j o , ' ,l lali,i, - e cannot be violated without ~,tit fTae4 haleo.lakt, and when wts.lom and regret succeed N 'ger ;'' t , ii • bow self-indulgence, how these penalties .I, t ~,.,)," .t B, a _ Fled its ° Sting of their bitterness may be removed, Zlirk4titi i N t o ',,ly ,oAnsesittences may be avoided, all, r ittrt c : i; i r h t.. ., w i, fi r ie, the tlreleyoafilohisi,al hi e fl ea rmi ne t e y t functionalo a r pplyae. I kll i ' l l ts i l :, l Y l o r , , ati: e t Z t " ef of Years be s e c tren c gaged in an extensive edeenllicdaetg to i l Li a e l n a r t s i; 41.4t.latl'tir°,1°11'ilet„°, g e nera h l7.7 w o pl i ch o h r a a v n e t lellir,ol.lelVensiis,,,e4t i njury on those wh are induced to place t t l l 4 ' , l 4 '41 c ti ll LI % &,, I tY 4, ' ), Lti e ,° . ? 3, i r a ,_,a7 be had, price 2s, of Messrs. Piper, 41,14i,D.3 tc:i.er.611,47:-!aoster.row; Ilannay, 63, Oxford-street; ki t lln 4 . kly k ir k/ r e ' Il an; 39, Cornhill ;or free by post for k H.,,,, ;la f or als from the Author's residence, 37, Bed 'tit, tt'lsoitA titn PailY front Eleven tili_Two and from 9% It 2% I 5 CI SIINDkYB. 1:1 , 1 PM3LICATIONS. NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF " EMILIA WYNDHAM." Now ready at all the Libraries, In 3 vols., THE HEIRESS of HAUGHTON• By the Author of "Emilia Wyndham," " Two Old Men's Tales," &c. Hurst and Blackett, Pabl alters, successors to Henry Colburn, 13, Great Marlborough street. MR. HANNAY'S NEW NOVEL. Just ready, in 3 vols. poet Svo., E IIST ACE CONYERS. By JAMES HANNAY, Esq., Author of " Singleton Font enoy,' &c. Hurst and Blaekett, Publishers, sueces,ors to Henry Colburn, 13, Great 31arlborough-street. Just published, 300 pp. deftly Svo., price es. 6d., ADIGEST of the EVIDENCE taken before the SELECT COMMITTEE of the HOUSE of LORDS, appointed to inquire into the working of the NA LION AL SYSTEM of EDUCATION in IRELAND: With Adden4la and Atipendix. By he Rev. W. LE PER C I, D.D., Rector of Killereran, Diocese of fuem, end one of he Honorary Secretaries of the Church Education society for Irelend. Dublin : Wm Curry and Co., 9, Ifpuer Sitekville-street. London Wertheim and Macintosh, Patermster-roe - ; Seeley, Jackson, and Co., Fleet-street. • The Third Edition.—Just published, price 51., by post, free, ha. be 0 N TRUE & FALSE SPERM NT° It ItIRE A. . . with the View of distil guishing the Imaginary from tht Real Qufferers under this diseas... and C Trecting or wide-spread Errors in relation to ntir Trenintent and Cure. Fr , ,, ..0 • 4,r: ~,,, Dr Pilehr. Ici., With an I iivoitt. tion by the Editor, containing complete exposure of the system of terrorism and extortion pursued the advertising quacks of he metropolis towards those who am credulous enough to seek their aid. r. YICAfUP b briovvli English readers by his fre,quenLprht-, .1 contribution: to German medical literature. This - is the firs' me, he informs as, that he has addressed himself to the non-medi 4) reader. We trust th , s may not be the last, if he shall 'etect An ther equally flagrant evil which it may be in his • °wet to cot , - eel." —London Medical Gazette. " The tribe of Quiet Sympathisers,' ,nd • Vodka! Friends,' are mercilessly exposed: awl it this boot- Juld find its way into the hands of those who stiffer fr•tm the coin taint of which it tre'sts, we are satisfied that many handreds wont , e saved mitch needless sufferoig 01 t'ody and mind, and what is n ells importance, though it is that which the nicks most prize such money ...... This volume is well qualified to put an end to th• • noirical system of treating Spermutorrhcea, and to place the treat ielt upon a more rational and physiological basis. It is, therefor. ike'y to do Much good." Condon: H. italliere. 219.-Regent-street. 0-MORROW EVE vING and Two Following Evenings, At Six, by SOUTHGATE and BARRETT. at their Rooms, 22, Fleet-street, ENGRAVINGS by all the celebrated Masters, most'y in the beet states; Portfolios with leAves ; Uak Port tolio Stands, &e.• May be viewed, and cata'cques had. jOZEAU'S COPAHINE, SACCHARATED fC APs KS, approved of by the French College of Ph ysicians, successfully ad.ninist-red in the Paris and London Hospitals, and acknowledaed by them to he the best remedy 'or a certain di , o 'der. (See "Lancet" of Nov. 6, 1852).—Price per 100 4s. 6d.: 50, 2s. hd. fo he had of the investor, G UlitlEl. JOZ KAU, French chemist, 49, Haymarket, London, and all the principal chenusts. BARON LIEBIG on ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE. " 1 am myself an admirer of this neverage, and my own ex perience enab:es me to recommend it, in accordance with the opinion of the most eminent English Physicians, as a very agree able and efficient tonic, and as a general beverage both for the in valid and the robust. - Gieven, May ." AUSOPP'S PALE ALE only is bottled by HARRINGTON P RICER & CO., be , r, wine, and spirit merOanis, 54, Pan Ma I Imperial measure quarts, pints. and for luncheon half-pints ; also in ca'ks of 18 gallons and upwards. FROM FRANCE, GERMANY, or in ESIOL AND, the best Manufacturing Talent is obtained and mn i oyed in the construction of the following : _ _ _ The EMPEROR'S REDINGOTE, the new garment of the Season. NICOLL'S PALETOT, One and Two Guineas each. The ALLIED SLEEVE CAPE, One Guinea, Waterproof, yet Evaporable. • NICOLL'S GUINEA TROUSERS and HALF-GUINEA WAISTCOATS. E-ITINIATES for MILITARY and other OUTFITS sent gratis, Accredited agents in all parts of the globe, who have the above and other first-cla.s garments prepared in regulated sizes, so that they may invariably fit well. West-end Address, li. J. and D. NICOLL, 114, 116, 118, 120, Regent-street ; and in the City, 22, Cornhill. THE CONSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETY.- At the T VENTY-SI , VENITH PURI.IC DRAWING tor VI:JUTS of CHOICE at the offices. 33. Norfolk-street, St and, Lon don, on TUB OAY, May 12th, 1855, the folio ing shore nunVers were drawn:— No. 5, 1 02, 6 711, 7,182, 1 4 ,440, 7,009, ,325, 5,657, 8,289. 8,475 and 8,476 grouped, 5 987, 10,119, 10,773. 7,623, 7.624. 7,"25 grouped, 4.356 and ,3 7 grouped, 5,127, 9 419, 10.057, 3,475, 10,045, 5,500 ant 5,91 grouped, 6,702, 10,101, 4,790, 3,9,8, 9,573, 9,574 and 9,575 groin, d. • : , hire No. 1,895 was likewise driwn, ' ut was Mind to be In arrear. The toll .wing shares will he entitled by seniority, if s of in a• rear at the of settlement of the order of right.; :-1,624, 1,615, 1,626, 1,630,1,631, 1,631; 1,631, 1, , 35, 1,636, 1,643, 1,149, ,650, 1,652, 1,653, and 1.6,9. 'I he Twenty-. ialith Drawing will take place nt the E'eventh Quarterly Meeting at Exeter 11a , l, on W. , . ON SD IY, the •z 7 th of June, 1855. L atIUNTISEI, Seen tvy A. Illtutiful Comp and S ft and Fair Hands ant Amts are fully r..ai's^il and a stain , 4 by the use it ROWLANDS' KALYDOR, an Oriental Botanical Prepar4 d , stinguished for its extremo Iy bland, p -nil so 'thing effects oir th Sk n; by its action ~B the 9 , 4 res and mmitte secretory ve.s , Is, it . romot , s a bpalthy tone. 90 essential to the ize , .eral well-b lug nf the •kin and . the heauty of its appear - it - we. Freckles, Tan, PlmpleS, Spots Discoloration, and other cutaneous visitatl. ns, are eradicated b, the KA I.Y 0' in. and save plane to a radiant bloom and tr , :nsi,tren , y of c mplexion Dur no Vie heat and du-t. of summer, and is case of stin , :s of insects, or incident - 41 infl trnmation, its vir'ues have long and ex tens vely been acknowledged. Pr c 64. i,nd 89.8 d. per T'otilc. h o t • 99 ,, d . • HowtssiD,' KALYDOR," are on the Wrap per, i.oid w A. •i and ONS, 20, I iatton-garden, ondm, - in t * o A r N red lt.k, at 104. Sold by them, and by Chemists and l'erfumers. frHE ADOPTION of RIGHT PLANS. — 'F Parllame, , Lary •Aass one, public meetings, comparisons, and ea'eulations are all looked upon as necnssare for propounding right p an=, such as will meet the exigencies of the times and decrease the expenditure. The plans proposed by E. MOSES and SO Ni are— To provide every person with The styles of Dress which are SummerAttireofthemostfashion• intro laced by E. Mos s and Son able order. They have the m.,sl display more original ,. y, fashion, extraordinary stock of materials and neatne.s than any otheri. which have been manufactured, The Emperor's Cape is ore of at.d by the most accomplished art the novelties off:md by E. 'loses and talent the right plans of busi- and Son. Its properties are, light tress a e pursued by E. Mo-es and in wear, it folds to a very small Son. spa. , e, is waterproof. and one of Juvenile Clothing. Novelty in the greatest ad lit' ns wh ch have Mat,rials, Style, and Trimming, been ma,te to the Dress Depart , xcellency in fit and ‘vorktit n ment. ship, with cheapness in every Hats, Caps, llaiery Goods, article, are the plans of business B as, Shoes, &c., the large: t, permanently observed at the newest: and best stock; prices so Establishments of E. Moses and economical 'hat competition I' Son. impossible, enable E. Vosas and Son to carry out the best plans which could be ad. pted. E. MOSES and SON are Merchant T•tilors, Clothiers, Hatters. Hosiers, hint Mainfac urers, Bo A and Shoemakers, and General Out fitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. Caurtotir.—E. Moses and SON beg to state they have no connexion with any other house in or out of London, except their own Este tAishmentg, a• follow : London City Establishment, corner of the Minoiles, and Aldgate (opposite the church). London West-end Branch, New Oxford-street, corner of Hart street. Country Branches—Sheffield and Bradford, Yorkshire. Colonial Wholesale Branch—Melbourne, Australia. The establishments ai e closed from sun• et on Fridays till sunset on Saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock. • Dtroarara.—Shonld any article not give satisfaction it will be ex changed or, if preferred, the money returned without hesitation: All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest price, from which no abatement can be made. A New Book, with lists of prices, system of self-measurement, and other iniorrnation, may be had on application, or post tree. An Illustrated Almanac for 1855 gratis, on application. or post free lel on parle Francais. I Qui si parla Italian. Bier soricht man Deutsch. Aqua se habla Espagnol. The recruiting for the Londonderry Militia, which so signalised itself in 1798, is going on rapidly in the towns of Moneymore, Magherafelt, and the surrounding dis tricts. FRENCH RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—AS a train from Bou logne was on Wednesday approaching the station of L'lle-Adam on the Northern Railway, it ran into a goods train, and between 40 aL.cl 50 of the passengers were more or less injured —none, however, fatally. • Some of the carriages were a good deal dsmaged. The train .arrived in Paris over two hours behind time. The above account appears in the French papers, but a letter from the secretary of the company says that instead of 40 or 50 only 4 persons were injured. TOWING A MARINE BOILER FROM IRELAND TO LIVER rOOL.— lAst week, one of the steamers plying between Liverpool and Newry, sailed from the latter piaf.e, lim ing in tow a large marine boiler, which bad been made water-tight for the occasion. The steamer made capital way, and all went right for some time. Night coining on, however, by some means the boiler got adrift, and the fact was not discovered for some time—we are in formed, not before daylight. The boat was put about, and, after steaming about for a considerable time, fell in with the boiler, which was being driven along before the wind and with the tide several knots an hour. Strong tow ropes were again in requisition, and the steamer ultimately brought the boiler up the Mersey.—North IlTales Chronicle. THE LOBS OF THE Sure JOHN.—The inquiry into the circumstances connected with the loss of the emi grant ship John and her passengers was resumed at Fal mouth on Saturday. Lieutenant Timothy Carew, R.N., the Government emigration officer at Falmouth, stated that he inspected the vessel, and had signed the clear ance certificate, believing that the provisions of the Pas senger Act had been complied with. A seaman named Elder stated that when the vessel struck the captain was not unnerved, but acted as a seaman ought to act, and went about to tranquillise the passen gers. Some other seamen gave evidence as to_ the steeling of the vessel, but nothing of material im portance was elicited respecting the fatal occur rence. The proceedings were adjourned,. Mr. O'Dowd, Assistant-Solicitor to the Board of Customs, has arrived at Plymouth to make inquiries on the part of the Board p tbi e to r ane a i fn t s i o ot of Trade. Several passengers have been examined at the latt:r town. The new Merchant Shipping Act of 1855 cametheg Trade intoad es departure e O ce very l stringent. power o hn. By per ton, and, should over passenger this two act d t a h y e s before instance, the liability 151. limits the the caseliability be enforced o f the i o n w tnbßeeros pre sentrtdolnity would amont to 6,9601 ., the that the damages registered tonnage h n , le on St. the jo of payable g in each case of death or in -1 464 tons. Section 510 states t c t be paid to her Majesty's * jhry shall.be assessed at 30/ stributed by the Board of the owner any surplus remaining Impounded damages are Paymaster-General, and are under its control. Trade, who shall refund to THE NEGOTIATIONS• AT VIENNA. The papers relating to the negotiations at Vienna on the Eastern question have been presented to both Houses of Parliament. • They consist of 14 papers. No. 1 is the text of the tnemorandnin communicated by the Plenipotentiaries of Austria, France, and Great Britain to Prince Gortschak'off on th-e 2801 of Decernbv, 1854. It contains the four points or guarantees : No. 1. (Translation) .EMORANDUM COMMUNICATED BY THE 'PLENIPOTENTIARIES OF AUSTRIA, FRANCE, AND GREAT BRITAIN TO PRINCE GORTS CHAKOFF ON THE 28TH OF DECEMBER, 1854. . In order to determine the sense, which their Govern ments attach to each of the principles contained in the four articles, and reserving to themselves, moreover, as they have always . done, the power to pat for Ward such special con, ditions as may appear to them required, beyond the four guarantees,' by the general interests' of 'Europe, to pre vent the recurrence of the late complications, the representa tives of Austria, France, and Great Britlin declare :- 1. That their Governments, concurring in the opinion that it.was necessary to abolish the exclusive protectorate exer cised by Russia - over -Moldavia, Wallachia, and Servia, and henceforward to place under the collectiVe guarantee of the Five Powers the privileges accorded by the Sultans to the Principalities, dependencies of their empire, have considered, and do consider, that none of the stipulations of the ancient treaties of Russia With the Porte relative to the said :pro-. vinces should be revived at the peace and that the arrange u:ents to be concluded on the subject of them should be ulti mat •ly Combined so as to give full and entire effect to the rights of the Suzerain power, to.those of- the three Principa lities, and to the general interests of Europe ; 2. To give to the freedom of navigation of the Danube all the develPpment of which it is susceptible, it would be de sirable that the course of the Lowe Danube, beginning from the point where it becomes Common to the two river bordering states, should be withdrawn from the territorial jurisdiction existing in virtue of the third article of the treaty of Adrianople. In every case the free na*lgation of the Danube couldnot be secured if it be not placed under the control of a syndicate authority, invested with. powers neces sary to destroy the obstructions existing at the mouths of that river, or which may hereafter be fOrmed there 3. The revision of the treaty of July 13, 1841, must have for its object to connect the existence of the Ottoman empire more completely with the EurOpean equilibrium, and to put an end to the preponderance of Russia in the Black Sea. -As to Aho arrangements to be taken in this respect, they depend too directly on the events of the war for it to be possible at present to determine the bases ; it is sufficient to point, out the principle : 4. Russia, in renouncing the pretensions to take under an official protectorate the Chris-tian subjects of the Sultan of the Oriental ritual, equally renounces, as a natural conse quence the revival of any of the articles of leer former trea ties; and especially of the treaty of Koutchouk-Kainardji, the erroneous interpretation of which has been the principal Cause of the present war. In affording their mutual co-ope ration to obtain from the initiative of the Ottoman Govern ment the confirmation and the observance of the religious privileges of the different Christian communities, without dis tinction of sect, and conjointly turning to account. in the interest of the said communities, the generous intentions ma nifested in respect to them by his Majesty the Sultan, they will take the greatest care to preserve from all attack the dignity of his Highness and the independence of his Crown. The documents rip to No. 11 relate to the first and second points. We come at once to the third point, the discussion of which led to the rupture of the Conference. On April 9 Count Buol opened the Conference by in troducing their Excellencies the Ministers of Foreign AffairA of France and of the Porte, M. Drouyn do Mays and Aali Pasha. By common consent the next Confer ence was adjourned until the arrival of fresh instructions, which the RusSian P:enipotentiaries, by a messenger sent , : ff on the 28th of March, hal requested from their Court after the Conference of the 26th.. No. 11. Plicaocoi, (No. 10) OF A CONFERENCE HELD AT VIENNA, APRIL 17, 1855. (Trap elation.) - Present :—For Austria, Count de Bnol-Scbauenstein and Baron de Prokesch-Osten ; for France, M. Drouyn de I'Huys and Baron de Bourqueney ; - for Great Britain, Lord John Russell and the Earl of Westmoreland ; for Russia, Prince Gortschakoff and M. de Titoff; for Turkey, Aali Pasba and Aariff Effendi. After the protocol of the 9th instant had been read and signed, Count Buol announced that Prince Gortschakoff had informed him of the arrival of the answer returned by the Imperial Court of Russia to the report forwarded by its Pleni potentiaries. Prince Gortschakoff said that his Court, though fully appreciating the reasons which had prompted the members of the Conference to surrender to the Cabinet of S. Peters burg the initiative of the proposals respectbig the develop ment of the third p Ant, did not feel it incumbent on itself to take adv.tutage of the initiative which had been offered to it ; that, at the same time, it had authorised its Plenipotentia ries, in conformity with the dec aration made at the meeting of the 17th of Ja ry last, to enter most gravely, and with the sinere4lesiu of arriving at an agheement, on the exami nation of the measures which should be proposed, provided path successfully trodden. hitherto. Far from having a hos tile character against any one, its effect would be to accele rate and facilitate the negotiations, A discUsSion arose between the Plenipotentiaries of Russia on the one hand, and those of Austria and France on the other, on the question of :iscertaining whether the preliminary_ consultation betw:en the four allies would or would not be ropugnant to the principle established, according to Prince Gortschakoff in the preliminary Conferences that the Pleni potentiaries, after having ascertained the identity of their views respecting Vie basis of peace, shonld retain complete liberty of interpretation on the subject of the development of those bases. M. Drouyn de l'Huys having proved, by the treaty of Deceniber 2, that the allies had contracted a mutual engage- Mont to entei into no arrangement with Raissia before a pre vious deliberation in common with respect to it, and that consequently nothing was more natural than to find in the negotiation the allies, as a collective body on the one hand, and Russia ou the other, Prince Cori chakoff stated that, without wishing to dissimulate the fact of the alliance, he rested h:s case on the difference which existed between a belli gerent power awl a power which, though allied to belligerents, was not herself at war. He asserted, that.wben :the treaty of the 2d of December was concluded, the object of which Was to lay down the bases of peace, no cheek was placed on the'r interpretation ; just as Austria remained free to judge, in case peace should not be re - established, which Power should not have impeded it. Baron Bourqueney did not wish to deny that each Plenipo tentiary retained his freedom of opinion whilst taking part in the deliberai'ous of the Co lference • but it was au indisputable cousequeuce of the treaty of December 2 that the allies should attempt to establish a community of opinion with regard to the common adversary. M. de Titoff protested that Russia was not the adversary of Austria, and maintained that the proposed course would not only institute a Conference in addition to the general Confe rence, but in a practical point of view would entail deplorable delays. M. Drouyn de l'Huys replied, that the preliminary.con sultation which he had proposed was neither a new Ai . au. illegitimate fact—that France demanded this consul,—zon of her allies as a right—that, for his own part, it win only in the opposite system th t he could -ee - cauNes of_delay ; final y, that as the allies, having expected, proposals from Russia, had not. drawn up. any on their side, it was necessary that they should give their attentiori to them with common' consent, and with the least possible delay. Count Buol agreed to the proposal of M. Drouyn de l'Huys, both on the ground of principal and in consideration of the ge which it s app li ca ti on wou ld en tail, which ead:aadntbaeen already proved by the course followed in the discussion of the two f ormer po i n t s , w ith ou t p re judice to practic al adVanta g the freedom of opinion of either party. Upon M. de Titoff remarking, that the taking of the initia tive by the Sublime Porte would appear at bottom to suitthe nature of the case and the exigencies of the situation better that any other course, M. Drouyn de l'Huys said that the allies would be anxious to give every weight to this initiative in the preliminary consultation which was about to take place be tween them. The lienipotentiaries reserved to themselves the right of agreeing hereafter on the day on wlich they should again meet in conference. BUOL-SCHAUENSTEIN. PRORESCH-OSTEN. DROUYN DE L'HUYS. BOURQUENEY. J. RUSSELL. WESTMORELAND. ALM. AARIF. GORTSCHAKOFF. TI TOFF. No. 12. PROTOCOL (No. 11) OF A CONFERIME lIELD AT VIENNA APRIL 19, 1855. (Translation.) Present : For Austria, Count de Bnol-Schauenstein and Baron de Prokesch-Osten; for France, M. Drouyn-de l'Huys and Baron de Bourqueney ; for Great Britain, Lord John Russell and the Earl of Westmoreland ; for Russia, Prince Gortschakoff and M. de Titoff; for Turkey, Aali Pasha and Aarif Effendi. The prctocol of the last meeting having been read and ap proved, the discussion was resumed on the third guarantee. M. Drouyn de l'Huys recapitulated the double object of that guarantee. The Sublime Porte being the principal party in terested that its existence should be more completely con nected with the European equilibrium, the Minister for Fo reign Affairs of France invited the Ottoman Plenipotentiaries to explain themselves first on this portion of the question. Aali Pasha is of opinion that it would be settled in a satis factory manner by a stipulation conceived in the following tams : " The contracting Powers wishing to manifest the impor tance which they attich to the participation of the Ottoman emp re in the advantages of Vie system established by public law between the dill. Tent European States, declare that they consider that empire as forming, henceforward, an integral part of Vat system, and mutually undertake to respect its territorial integrity and independence as an essential condi tion of the general equilibrium." The Plenipotentiaries of France and Great Britain give their entire adhesion to the principle established by the Mi ni ter for Foreign Affairs of the Sublime Porte. The Plenipotentiaries o' Russia also concur in it. In ex plainint, their flea they add, tiiat they do not intend thereby to pledge ° their Court to a territorial guarantee. M. Drouyn de l'Huys, with the view of recording with more precision the principle universally admitted proposes the wording of an article which is ado ~ted.. - - - - they were not of a nature to ineringe on t‘e rig ets of sove- On au observation of Count Baol that it was also neees reiguty of the Emperor of Russia in leis own territory ; that, sary to anticipate the possibility of a misunders ending be for his part, ha agreed With the form in which Laird John tween the Sublime Porte and one of 'the contracting Powers, Russell had stated the question when he said, in the Confer- it was agreed to draw up a second article (hereto aunexod, once of the 2 ,th of March, that the best and only adinis-ible together with the first, under letter A.) conditions of peace would be' those which, While consistent One of the objects of the third guarantee being thus ar with the:honour of Russia, should at thii:same time suffice for -ranged, the other portion of Ilre qtiestion is introinee(l— security of Europe, and•for preventing the recurrence of namely. the cessation of the Russian ,preponderance in the _ . the existing complications. Black Sea. - M. Dronyn du Lltuys expressed his deep regret at seeing, M. Dronyn de l'Elhuys explains his views on this matter. after a delay of 18 days, the initiative which hail been sir- He decl ,res that tl e most natural and most efficacious means rendered to Russia at a conference at which he had not a s o f p u tting an end to the preponderance of Russia in the Blac - sisted, again thrown upon the originators of the proposal. Sea consists in the limitation of the maritime forces which she flis regrets were the more sincere as the Allies, having ex- maintains there. Ru-sia having accepted the principle of the petted a precisely opposite result, were not prepared. to craw cessation of her preponderance in the Black Sea, the French up their proposals immediately. He thought, therefore, that Government did not expect to see the principal means of car the Allies shout ! at once meet to consult t oge ther on the sub- rying it into effect excluded by the declaration of the Pleni ject. He felt bound, considering the importance o f the res e r - p o t en ti ar i e s of Russia, that they would consider all limitation vation made by Prince Gortschakoff, o demand further ex- as encroaching on the sovereign rights of the Emperor their planatious respecting the meaning w hi c h th a t Minister a t- mas t er . He enters into the question at large, with the view tached to it. He put the question, whether Russia would to prove that every treaty implies a certain restriction of tee consider her rights of sovereignty infringed if she deprived rights of sovereignty, eve..ich, nevertheless, being freely ac herself of the liberty of building an unlimited-number o f ships ee pt e d, is in no wise -- derogatory to sovereign diguity. of war in the Black Sea. Considering the question as the facts now stand, he states . Prince Gort:e eakoff replied, that Russia would not consent that the Black Sea is at this moment occupied by the forces to the strength of her navy being restricted to any fixed num- of the three Powers only, to the exclusion o f Russia. her, either by treaty or in any ot h er ma nner. He shared in Those Po wers, in possession of the Black Sea , will remain the regret expressed by M. Dro u y n de l'Huys at the delay li n that position so long as the w ar s h a ll last. It is th erefore that bad taken place in the nego t iat i o ns which he attributed not fo r t h: mto demand concessions from Russia. Wishing to the distance, and added that the Russian Pleni p otentiaries to la y down the q uestion correetly, it would be more exact to had been ready to enter on the disc u ssion since the 26th of say that it is for Russia to ask of th e t hree Powers on what , March, and had only undertaken, in the first instance, to conditions they wit: consent to put an end to th e e xclusion in make the reference to their Court in defere nce to the unani- w hich her war flag is at pr e sent plac e d. To impose on her mous wish expressed to them on the subject. With reference self a moderate limitation, in order to re-enter into possession to the necessity which M. Dronyn de -- i buYs said would exist of a portion of her sovereignty which, in fact, is no longer in of establishing a preliminary agreement among the allies be- the hands of Russia, -- would therefore be to make a sacrifice fore the proposals could be made, he considered this repu.g- alto ether reasciea,ble and justified by the circumstances. vent to the principle laid down at the preliminary meetings in That sacrifice would be all the m re justified and bonourable, the months of I iecember and January, th teach individually as it would coutrbute essentially to give to Europe a pledge should retain complete liberty of interpretation on the sub- for the dui ation and solidity of the peace which it is endea ject of the development of the four bases of negotiation. voared to re-establish. After having added that it was his , Baron de Bourqueney expressed his concurrence in the re- earnest desire to establish that the propositi us to be made to gret expressed by the French Minister for Foreign Affairs, Russia were perfectly honourable, and that by refusing them and iu answer to Prince Gortschakoff's last observation re- she would place herself completely in the wrong, he read the marked, that the members of the Conference had the right of an ides 3to le (copy of which is herewith ;,nuexed, marked deliberating among themselves as they signed the p rotocols. B). In entering upon the preliminaries of peace, with the Lord John Russell could not disguise the surpr ise which exce p tion of the changes to be made in the wording, those Prince Gortschakoff's statement had caused him. The sole article s would be, accordin g to him, sufficient to calm object of the surrender of the initiative to Russia was to Europa, an I to secure the integrity and independe n c e of give her the opportunity of making proposals consistent the Ottoman empire. • with her honour. History recorded more than one instance . Baron de Bourqueney has nothing to edd either to the of great and glorious sovereigns having consented to a limita - clearness of the explanation or the force of the arguments tion of their rights of sovereignty in their own territory, which the Minister for Foreign Affairs of France has made being animated with the desire of putting an end to the effu- use of. sion of blood by a treaty of peace, or of preventing a ru p ture Lord John Russell maintained that, under ordin try circum and the consequent evils of war. H, e instanced the consent sta nces, a Power which regards as excessive the force of a of Louis XIV. to the demolition of Dunkirk, and several neighbouring Power can have recourse to its own resources for other cases drawn from treaties concluded between Great the re-establishment of the balance. It was thus, for instauce, Britain and France, and Great Britain and the United States, that Great Britain, on being informed, a bout 20 years ago, with the view of avoiding war. He had hoped that Russia that Russia had increased her Baltic fleet, limited herself to would have voluntarily, and with the view of re-establishing the strengthening of her own . havy. N ev ertheless, the Black peace, made proposals tending to this end. Since the Court Sea is placed in an exceptional position. The principle of closing of St. Petersburg had declined to take the initiative on this this sea having been iu all times a rule of the Ottoman.empire, subject, the chances of success attending the negotiations for came by the treaty of 1841 under the public law of Europe. Of peace appeared in his eyes much diminished. the two powers which alone command the shores of the Black Prince Gortschakoff replied that a Power of the first order Sea, the one, already very strong, contirmally augments her could hardly accept the limitations of the nature to which forces, while tie other is weakened by the wars she has had Lord John Russell had alluded, except after having sus successively to carry on against Russia. •In this state of things tained a long series of disasters, and that the case of Dun - England regards the excessive increase of the Russian fleet in kirk could in no way be applied to the present posit.ou of the Black Sea as a perpetual menace hanging over the Bos- Russia. As to the diminution of the chances of peace spoken phorus and Constantinople, whether that fleet could in a very of by Lord J. Russell, he begged him to consider that Russia short time transport considerable land forces. Turkey not had only excluded one point from discussion, and was ready to finding in ber own forces the guarantees for security which examine all the modes of solution which should be proposed, she herself and, with her, Europe, have the right to demand, exclusive of this point: s it is just to look for them in the diminution of the maritime M. - Dronyn de Plluys expressed his wish to waive, if possi- forces of the other sea -bordering Powers in a proportion that ble, questions of dignity. As soon as a stipulation was sane- would put an end to the menacing character of these forces. tioued bymutual consentno one could pretend that sovereignty This sacrifice being necessary for the repose of Europe; the was injured, and consequently honour infringed. Russia her- Emperor of Russia could not, in his opinion, qualify it as de self, in consenting, in the course of the negotiations, to the rogatory to his dignity. To admit that the Ottoman empire is restrictions of certain rights—for example, in the islands of an essential element of the European equilibrium, and to wish the Danube—subscribed only to perfectly honourable condi- to maintai i at the same tin c a perpetual mnace directed tions. against that empire, would appear to him au obvious contra- Prince Gortschakoff admitted that honour was safe where diction. In the point of view of military honour there would there was mutual consent. It was on this ground that Russia be, in his opinion, in au adhesion to the ideas developed by had judged it fit frankly to agree to the stipulations respecting the Minister for Foreign Affairs of France, nothing that could the Danube. It would be different as regarded the limitation disturb the susceptibility of any o n e. The a in rm t i b e e s o w p l i il n' n of The of her forces in the Black Sea. At the same time he did not attacking Sebastopol , and that which is defending that pretend to exclude peremptorily the consideration of ever y f ortress, h av e equally covered themselves with glory, anda proposal tending to the point of li mit at i o n, but reserved to military tarLrf rst holnooieissamfoereolnanbd, in concurringothsides. himself the right of refusing his adhesion. T The Earl of Westmoreland expressed a hope that the prin- his colleague, brings forward in support of the proposed mode ciple of reciprocal accommodation between river-bordering i of solution, considerations founded on the reciprocal under- States would not be excluded by the Russian Plenipotentia- standing of riverain states. ries. He added, that he shared in the painful impression pro- Count Buol sees in the project under diseussiwopthnia7th eluted on the other Plenipotentiaries by the reception given method for terminating the effusion of blood, and for securing to pretend by the Cabinet of St. Petersburg to the proposal to take tho Europe against the excessive disproportion tweenthe respective forces of the two States bohrodweerii.nwgoounlathbee initiative. Aali Pasha agreed with the French Minister for Foreign Black Sea. He establishes as a general tl p i o e lf. o ,t.s r hen tations. Apply- Affairs that, in the new phase in which the question was to limit the land or the sea forces of a foreign Power Euxine, a closed placed by the statement of the Russian Plenipotentiaries, to encroach on her sovereign rights. On theboetherhtaonadntihneduen; it would be necessary to concert beforehand the proposals to limited increase of the ibilitary establishment of one Power au be made. He could not conceive how they could ever de- ' therises others to make it asubject forre Plenipotentiary ci rawn wueprewtiothboruitngto previous t the . ing sea , t w hi h s e r r u e l a e nto aggressiontliexceptionale c ana Iposition attributed proceeding appeared to him, . nite development of the maritime fiConferen ce nitively a agree p l i a f n e each consultation. This m o settlementd mode 0f forces of one of the border. besides, repugnant to the reeiproc '1 engagements existing ing Powers, ho considers that, in this between the Allied Powers. He added, however, that in his inland seas, the limitation is just, andspecial case, and in these opinion the limitation of the naval forces in the Black Sea • compromise the sovereign dignity. nowise of a nature to was the only mode of solution at once practicable and honour- i Baron Prokesch said, that Austria must able to all parties. - I see Russia accept theproposition • strongly desire to Baron de Prokesch asserted that, as the allied Powers had ' is calculated in question, which, in his , eyes, har consulted on the four bases of negotiation, nothing could be mony with the assurances and to place facts in more logical than that they should also consult ou the applie Prince Gortschakoff of the Cabinet of St. Petersburg. more asks the Minister for Foreign cation of them. 1 Austria if the limitation of the Russian forces Affairs o f Count Buol shared in the regret expressed by the Plenipo-1 Sea, which Count in the Black Buol had admitted to be tentiaries of France and Great Britain that the answer of the ' general • • ate exception to a principle recognised • Cabinet of St. Petersburg was not of a nature to serve as ato be accomplished by by himself, were, in his opinion, point of-departure for further deliberations. Ho could have i to refuse to concur • means of coercion, in case Russia were wished that the Imperial Court of Russia had not only appre- ! In answering this in it spontaneously. elated the feelings which had prompted the offer of the iii- . tria, for the g question, Count Buol declares that Aus tiative, but had been equally struck with the facilities which by recommeifdriesent, supports the project under discussion, the acceptance of this offer would have opened for the success other respects he it to the adoption of Russia, but that in o f th e negotiations. With respect to the course proposed by liberty as tolleefch must reserve for the Emperor his master full the French Minister for Foreign Affairs,eice of means by which he may consider it it appeared to him to expedient be but a natural consequence of their position, and of the Princo.Gortschak eventually to give his support to his proposition. Off haying reserved to himself the right of explaining himself at the next Conference as to the proposel mode of solution, M. Drouyn de l'Huys brings forward all the urgent motives .which tell in favour of an immediate decision; insisting particularly on being informed, at least, at once, if the plenipotentiaries of Russia accept or,not the broad princi ples of the project, subject to an ulterior arrangement of de tails. _ . In the discussion which followed on this subject the Pleni potentiaries of Russia maintained that it is not to 'them .that the delays and tardiness of the negotiation can with justice be attributed. Prince Goerschakoff said that he was a party to the principle that'each should propose individually hisown mode of execution, but that, seeing before him on this occa sion a plan combined amongst four, on a basis which he had always indicated as a rock to be avoided, he thought he had a goad right to ask, for the purpose of maturely weighingthis plan, which he had only heard rapidly read, as much time as had been necessary for preparing it—viz., twice 21'hours. M. Drouyn de Lhuys observed that if. in the .system . pro posed, Russia bad anything to object to in the fixing of a cer tain' number, and the direct and immediate intimation of th t number by the • onfcrence to the Russian Plenipotentiaries, a plait might be 'devis4l which would remove this double diffi culty.._ The Plenipotentiaries of Russia and the •Porte should come to some nuderstauling with each other in the presence of the Conference; on a basis of counterpoise of their respec tive forces, which basis she Id be recorded in an arrangement which they should mutually sign, and.which, annexed to the treaty, should have the same value and the same force. • On a gene , al observation made by: Lord John Russell ; that he did not understand the scruples of Russia when the Porte showed itself. dispo, ed on its part to espouse the prin ciple of limitation, M. de Titoff .states that, to resolve the difficulties in an equitable manner, and in conformity with the wants and position of the two bordering Powers, the most efficacious method would _ doubtless consist in facili tating dirt et explanations between the Plenipotentiaries of Turkey and those of Russia. Fully sensible of the salutary effects of a good understanding between the two States, he is persuaded:that nothing would offer to the Russian, Plenipo tentiaries a better opportunity of proving the conciliatory dikposition of their Court than if they were in a position to discuss their mutual interests with over free in its resolu tions and its movements. _ . This opinion having raised from several-quarters the objec tion that the treaties signed by the Porte on the occasion of the war prevented it from coming to au arrangement with Russia without the concurrence of the allies of the Sultan, M. de Titoff maintains that to discuss was not the same thing as to pledge. He therefore thinks that, 'without derogating from the obligations which the the • Porte has undertaken, the friends of peace ought not to discourage that Power from adopting a method which the nature of things points out to two countries which the war does not prevent from having a large number of neighbouring interests, susceptible of being better appreciated from the moment when they should be sub mitted to the competent examination of either into its own affairs. • • • . Prince Gortschakoff declares his concurrence in the senti ments expressed by his colleague, and regrets to see the Su blime Porte, the security of whose independence was in ques tion, in a position which seemed so adverse to it. Lali Pasha protPsts against this manner of explaining the question. He expresses his regrets at being obliged, notwith standing his desire not to embitter the discussion, to answer the observations of Prince Gortschakoff by maintaining that the Sublime Porte has been forced by circumstances which are within the knowledge- of all the world to have recourse to arms to defend its rights; that the two great Western Powers, having recognised the justice of its cause, have signed with it a treaty of alliance, which stands on bases of perfect reciprocity . ; that the clause which binds the Ottoman empire to the Western Powers not to arrive at a conclusion without coming to a previous understanding with them binds them in return in a similar degree to the Sublime Porte ' • that, in fact, his full powers do not authorise him to enter into a separate negotiation with Russia irrespective of the Conference. • BUOL-SciIAUENSTRIN., GORTSCHAROFF. PROKIDgCII-OSTEN. TITOFF. DROirYN DE L'HUYS. BOURQUENEY. J. RUSSELL. • WESTMORELAND. AALI. AARIF. (Enclosure 1 in No. 12.) ANNEX A TO PROTOCOL No. 11. Art. 1. The high contracting parties wishing that the Sul?- lime Porte should participate in the adVantages of the systein established by public law between the different States of Europe, engage themselves severally to respect the indepen dence and territorial integrity of the Ottoman empire, gua rantee together the strict observance of this engagement, and will, in consequence, consider every act or event which should be of a nature to infringe ou it as a question of European interest. _ Art. 2. If a misunderstaufling should arise between the Porte and one of the contracting parties, these two States, before having recourse to the employment of force, should place the other Powers in a position to anticipate this extreme course by pacific means. (Enclosure 2 in No. 12.) ANNEX B TO PROTOCOL No. 11. Art. 3. His Majesty the Emperor of all the - Russias and his Highness the Sultan, wishing recriprocally to give a proof of their confidence, and to anticipate the misgivings which might arise from the excessive development of their naval forces in th Euxine, engage respect vely not to have in that sea more than four ships, four frigates, with a proportionate number of light vessels and of unarmed vessels exclusively adapted to the t, ansport of troops. Art. 4. The rule of the closing of the Straits of the Bospho rus and of the Dardanelles laud down .by the treaty of July 13, 1841, shall remain in force with the exceptions specified in the following articles Art. 5. Each of the contracting Powers who have not an es tablishment in the Black Sea shall be authorised by a firman of his Highness, on notifying it five days beforehand, to bring into that s«>a a number of vessels equal to half the navel foreeS which each of the two Powers bordering on the sca shall maintain there in conformity with Art. 2. Art. 6. At no time shall ships of war of foreign nations, with the exception of light vessels belonging to the Embassies admitted heretofore, be able to anchor at the Golden Horn, and in time of peace the number of vessels cf the line of the contracting Powers who have no establishment in the Black Sea shall not be allowed to he more than four at the same time before Constantinople, in their passage from the Dar danelles to the Black Sea, and from the Black Sea to the Dardanelles. Art. 7. In case'(which God forbid !) the Sultan should be menaced by an aggression, he reserves to himself the right to open the passage to all the maritime forces of his allies. Art. 8. The two Powers bordering on the Black Sea, in order to testify to the other high contracting parties their desire to maintain with them the most friendly relations, en gage to admit in all the ports situate in the Black Sea the consuls whom the latter may consider it useful to establish there. Art. 9. His Majesty the Emperer of All the Russias and his Highness the Sultan, wishing to give a proof f the generous sentiments with which they are animated, promise a full and entire amnesty to all inhabitants and officers of the provinces which have been the theatre of war. None of them shall be molested or prosecuted for his opinions, for his acts, or for the conduct he may have held during the war, or dur ing the temporary occupation of the provinces by the respec tive troops of the belligerent parties. The inhabitants of the • Isltuds of Aland are admitted to the benefit of this provision. Art. 10. His Majesty the King of Sardinia is comprised in the present peace. Commercial and other relations are re estab:ished between 'that kingdom and the Empire of All the Russias, on the same tooting as they were before the declara tion of No. 13. PROTOCOL (NO. 12) or A CONFERENCE lIELD AT VIENNA APRIL 21 1855. to the Ottoman empire, but would also multiply the occasions for a misunderstandin g b e t ween th e :European Powers. M. Drouyn de . .Liauys, sa y a - was not authorised to dis cuss the details of the Russian plan, the funclainental idea of which is diametrically opposed to the system which France 'Would have wished to see maintained, That system' ended. to Obviate the danger of - leaving two unequal forces in the pre sence of one another, by causing the disappearanoc from the Black Sea, excePting as regards the. police of the two border ing States, of all apptrtenances of war, whereas the Russian project would permit their indefinite augmentation. France, adopting thc idea from the Empress Catherine of Russia, de• sired to make of the Eusine a sea. entirely commercial, from which shou;d be excluded the flags of war of all nations; the plan propOsed by Prince Gortschakoff leads,' on the contrary, to invite them all there ; France maintains tho principle of closing— Russia wishes to abolish it. M. de Titoff ha, ing observed that Article 5 of the project of treaty presented by M. Prouyn de Lhuys also. infring es On the principle of closing, even, iu his opinion, to - an extent very dangerous to the independence of the Porte; and prince Gortschakoff having 'equally declared that nothing. would be inenacing.to that independence, and to the European eqnili, Ti.rium in general, except combinations which would '.dniit on the bilier side of the straits the eiisteiVce of the most formi dable fleets in the world, while within the c'ounterPoiieof the Russian marine would be annihilated, M. Dronyu de Lhuys replied that the Ottoman Government is the best judge Of the question whether- the exceptions stipulated by Article 5 are Or are not conformable to is interest—that, moreover, the exception only confirmed the rule—and that, in any case, there is no possible comparison between the exceptional cases provided for in the article in cinestion and the total abolition of the principle of 'closing ' as proposed by Russia, Lord John Russell calls to mind that he has already proved; -at • the last Conference, that the: dangers which menaced the empire Of: the Sultan come only from Russia— that neither France nor Great Britain is suspected of look thnbreaking up of the Ottoman power --that nothing clan prove better than this. war what different sentiments :iiirnate those Governments. The Sublime 'Porte has called upon the Western Powers as for their assistance apiust the aggression of Russia as to obtain guarantees of security for the future. England would have seen an efficacious mode Of obtaining these by the adoption of the system of the lieu brality of . the Black Sea, of. which the.FreAch.Mitditer for Foreign Affairs has made mention. Russia could have adkitiir it without danger, because the Black Seawould have remained eloSed to all flags of war. Russia having rejected this system, as also that of reciprocal limitation of river bordering States, with the admission of a restricte I number of ships of war of the contracting Poweri; and having on her side only proposed a, plan based on a totally opposite principle, and not offering, in his opinion, any guarantee against the dangers which it is proposed to remove, he can only express his deePTegret that it has not been possible .for the Conference to come to an ':agreement on measures for a pacific solution, and that Eng land and France are reduced to the necessity of seeking those indispensable guarantees in the continued occupation of the Black Sea and Baltic. The Earl of Westmoreland concurs in the opinion of his colleague. M. de Titoff regrets that the Plenipotentiaries of Great Bri tain are not authorised to discuss the project proposed by Russia, while such, 'latitude would have offered a real pledge of the sincerity of their desire for peace. • M. de Bourqueney having observed that the whole plan developed by the Russian Plenipotentiaries had the character of shoWing that the preponderance . of Russia in the Black Sea, to which the Conference has to seek the means of putting an end, is an absolute necessity for the European equilibrium, Prince Gortsehakoff replies that the document presented by him had the double object of proving -Ist, that the aggressive force of Russia in the'Euxine is not nearly so redoubtable as it appear s to be considered ; and, moreover, that in the lute rest of the European equilibrium, as well as the independence of the Porte, the existence of a Russian naval force in the Black Sea is necessary. Count Buol said, that Austria having nothing more at heart than to contribute to the re-establishment of peace, he regretted sincerely to see Russia proposing a principle of opening -the Black Sea, while the other Powers are unani mous in proclaiming the contrary principle as necessary to the tranquillity of Europe. Austria can understand that Rus sia holds to having a respectable force in the Black Sea, but she sees in the unlimited extension of that force a danger, not only for Turkey, but for Russia herself. The Russian Pleui- Potentiaries have themselves shown that their fleet in the 14;ack Sea was too weak to contribute in this war to the de fence of the coasts. It is not the less true that it is, nevertheless, too strong for the Ottoman navy, as the resul: s of the war - have already preyed. It is therefore with the object of providing against new comp ications that Austria wishes to see a certain limitation to the Russian naval forces iu the Black Sea. M. Drouyn de l'Hays shows that Russia will not give any species of guarantee to the Ottoman empire. In regard to that provided by the Ist Article, and adopted at the last Con ference, Russia reduces it to a chimera, because, even in the case of a Turkish province being invaded by one of the con tracting Powers, Russia, according to Prince Gortschakoff's interpretation, will confine herself to the employment of its good offices. On the other hand, she admits of no limitation to a fleet which, in the judgment of all tLe Powers,is dispro portioned to the forces of the other river-bordering Power to shell an extent as to form a permanent menace against her. Russia herself points to the danger to the Porte of the assem bling of European forces round Constantinople, -and neverthe less she proposes a plan according to which they could fre. ly come there, and which would even permit the Russian Baltic fleet to go and join that of the Black Sea. Prince Gortschakoff does not pretend that his plan bas no objections. It would be better in general to abandon the nblime Porte to its own inspirations, and to give it greater freedom of action. In any case, his project has fewer incon veniences than that of M Drouyu de l'Huys, to which he at tributes the design of wishing to humiliate Russlt, because the principle of limitation tenches upon sovereign rights. Af. Drouyn de Plluys protests against the tendency im puted-to his project. If Russia has no intention of giving to its Black Sea fleet an indefinite development, Why does she not come •to an understanding with the adjoining Power, upon a basis of reciprocal limitation; why should ot the two Powers then make known to the Conference what they had agreed upon - between themselves? Where would there be in such a proceeding htuuiliation or dishonour ?- Baron Prokesch observes, that when four Powers are unani mous in sicei,g the existence of an•unlimited fleet in the Black Sea a danger fur the Ottoman empire, the contrary opinion of Russia cannot prevent them from devising means of prec mu tion against that danger. The Russian plenipotentiaries have themselves admitted that an unlimited development of Use Russian naval forces in the Black Sea was neither for the in terest nor according to the intentions of Russia. Why, then, not impose upon herself a limitation in so convenient a form as that of a reciprocal agreement between adjoining Powers ? Prince Gortschakoff replied to Baron Prokesch that he could not - but participate in the respect which the Austrian Plenipotentiary manifested for a right of sovereignty of the Sublime Porte ; that he recognises it as incontestable, and bows to the principle ; but in return he asks the Austrian Plenipotentiary why the same value is not placed by him on a right of sovereignty equally incontestable on the part of the Emperor of Russia—that of deciding upon the number of vessels which it may suit him to have in his own ports I It seems to him that, in this case, reciprocity should be in strict . equity, 'Baron Prokesch said that the answer lay in the difference, between the respective positions, Austria being at the actual crisis the ally of the Powers at war wits Russia. Besides, whatever confidence may be merited by the wisdom and mode ration of Sovereigns, that does not suffice t o render superfluous the positive stipulations of treaties, which will be necessary as long as there are Governments. Id. Drouyn de l'Huys repeated that the project produced by him had been originated in a sincerely conciliatory spirit, and that it contained absolutely nothing offensive' or provo catory to Russia. The problem to be solved consisted in the means of connecting the existence of the Ottoman empire with the European equilibrium, and of putting an end to Russian preponderance in the Black Sea. But, when it is a question of placing the territorial integrity of Turkey beyond danger, Russia says she will maintain, but not gua rantee, it ; and when it is a question of guarding against the dangers which menace Russia on the sea coast, Russia peremp torily rejects every species of liMitation to her fleet, even under the form of a direct arrangement with the Sublime Porte. • Present :—For Austria, Count de Buol-Schauensteiu and Thron de Prokesch-Osten ; for Frauce, M. Drouyn de Lbuys and Baron de . Bourqueney ; for Great Britain, Lord 'John Ruisell and the Earl of Wesbiloreland ; for Russia, Prince Gortschakoff and.M.• de Titoff ; for Turkey, Aali Pasha and Aarff Effendi. .. Protocol No. 11 having been read, Prince Gortschakoff took the 'opportunity of requesting that express mention should therein be made of the. explanations which he gave to th, preceding Conference, in order to pr,ve that he does not attach to the guarantee mentioned in Article 1, which was unanimously adopted, the sense of an active guarantee of the territorial, integrity of the . Ottoman empire. M. Drouyn de l'Huys states that the engagement to be con tracted by the Powers, as recorded in the last Conference, hn= poses upon them the obligation themselves to respect, and to force the other contracting parties to r:spect, the indepen dence and territorial integrity of the Ottoman empire, so that any contracting Power which should make an attempt upon that territorial integrity should be responsible to the others, who then, in order to cause respect to be paid to the common engagement, should employ all the means in their power, force not excepted. ' Prince Gortschakoff recognises that Russia would be ob liged to consider any act hostile to the territorial integrity as a question of European interest, but he refuses the engage ment to make it a caie of war. He insists on the insertion The dismssion having been brought back to the ques tion of the guarantee spoken of at the opening of the meeting, and to the different opinions expressed on its bear ings by the Russian Plenipotentiaries to that of the other members of the Conference, Baron Bourqueney stated that, as having signed the treaty of 1841, he had already, seen a similar disagreement to that of which he was this day witness. If his efforts did not then succeed to pass the principle of the .preparatory preamble, he should at least have the satis faction of twice maintaining the same doctrine, though in the face, it was true, of the same adversaries. Who would venture to contest that the international obligation asked to-day' from Russia by the . Four Powers, then written in the articles of a treaty, had not imposed on all the con tracting parties duties the prompt accomplishment of which would have nipped in the bud the existing complications ? Count i.uol said, that if one of the contracting Powers attaches to the common guarantee a meaning different to that giyen to it by the four others, she would do so at her own risk and peril, as the others would maintain their interpreta tion. in the preceding protocol of his explanatory observation. The Plenipotentiaries of Great Britain and Austria, ad. bed! g to the opinion expressed by M. Drouyn de I'Huys, require on their part at the same time - that the Plenipoten tiaries of France will record in the protocol of today, the expression of the regret with which they learn the restrictive interpretation of Prince Gortschakoff. Count Buol adds that his impression had been that the explanations given on all sides at the last Conference had entirely dispelled the difference of opinion manifested in the first instance by Prince Gortschakoff. The reading of Protocol No. • 11 having ended, Prince Gortschakoff said that the Plenipotentiaries of Russia have this day a double duty to fulfil—that o giving their opinion upon the propositions made at the last Conference, and that of explaining their own views on the means of developing the third principle. The propositions which have been made to them being in their eyes derogatory to the sovereign rights of the Emperor their master, contrary to the European equi. librium, and dangerous to the independence of the Ottoman empire, they cannot but decline them. Before making known to the Conference the vies of the Russian Plenipotentiaries on the manner in which the treaty of July the 13th, 1841, could be revised, Prince Gortschakoff repeated his regrets at not seeing a representative here of one of the European Powers, whose double right to participate in these delibera tions arises, in his view, from her quality as a state of the first order, and from the fact of her having been a party to the signature of that treaty. After having read the memo randum annexed (marked A), Prince Gortschakoff inquires whether the Conference desires to know the ideas of the e Rus sian Plenipotentiaries on the mode of carrying into effect tb general views which he had just made known. Lord 'John Russell declares that the plan developed by Prince Gortschakoff rests on a basis on whichhediom nho is not autho nt thorised to treat ; that he is thereforepiiis‘ecde ing into a discussion of the details of plan,..whioh , w - this ever, he cannot prevent Prince Gortschakoff from making known to them. Prince Gortschakoff, after having (marked B), holds that Russia,h iaviin•egadentgaliegoadunteose propose paper the meaus of re-establishing of farces in the Black Sea, has redeemed d Aali Pasha of eosing declares that his instructionsthperesstcrariibtes,twohhiicmh the maintenaucenotfenTs that the Sublime Porte the RUSSiall pla principleo h . principle as a guarantee of having at all times considere . d tkis . / deuce holds to its being respected, excepting in jeetsrtinailue-Canses which might . be stipulated; that the opening of tue jnack Sea ru m her constitute not only a dans% Aali Pasha proposes for Article 1 a modified version, of which a copy is annexed (marked C), adding that the engage ment made by each of the contracting powers in virtue of that article consists, in his opinion, in respecting and causing to be respected the independence and territorial integrity of the Ottoman empire ; and the common guarantee applies, therefore, to the strict observance of that engagement on the part of each of the contracting parties. Baron Prokesch thinks that it would be mo , e logical to unite Articles 1 and 2 into one. .The Conference will consider these propositions at the time of the final settlement. Count Buol does not consider the different modes of so lution as exhausted, and considers it especially the task of Austria to look for means of acc ommodation. Ho hopes, therefore, that the Conferences will meet again as soon as any of its members shall have any new propositions to make. Lord John Russell, in doing full justice to the concilite:7 spirit of the Austrian Minister for foreign Affairs, d as regards himself, that his instructions are exhaus.tend.addin, M. Drouyn de l'Huys made the same deci,arastio, the Em . the or ler of that ho is under the necessity of taking wake an reserves to himself to x peror, his master, and he - eau France e a a l t communication thereon to the represcntatise of B uoL -ScirAvENsTE M Prtogrscu-OsTEN. GoRTsCrIABIOrr. DROUYN DE L'HUYS. nounAt ENEr. J. riCBSELL. WESTMORELA ND . AALI. AARIF. scheme. n hriweorchfhaßr, •• . .f.-• ; : .rt 1 I;rovided . that they really led to the object proposed, Russia frankly and sincerely accepted the new scheme. '' The Plenipotentiaries of Russia have no need of recalling the ample manner iu which the InapTrial Cabinet has recently ;4140 4, .'Tuscimular -of • Qouut _Newd_roAkbaaltelo_ read even here; . it is dotibtlees preeent tn:thedninds 'Mall. .-. During the whole Course of the Conforenoak the Eittitude_ef furnishoha f a tvdhe esincerity. taken r ouobfe place of asit on the ase Russia u sia nit h e as d all u ti s a c e i ir en eff th O ls rt l it r o es p P u u t n i ci t ea ba t a i a o Tvnihgosaf navigation 118 0 f Principalities s Itlia tsfounturtheePfore•si- Limiting themselves to removing from the stipulations all the t o o p etrahet Plenipotentiariesi that could raise apprehensions and mistrust, which they re ject asunjust and uncalled for, the Plenipotentiaries of Russi& entered, in other respects, without restriction or ambiguity, into all views tending to realise the new p o liti ca l system whick Would have henceforth to regulate the East. ' They have not receded in this view before any "sacrifice Compatible with the honour and dignity of their Sovereign, and calculated to conduce to the end which it is proposed to attain: The members of the Conference will render to them, it may be hoped, the justice •to acknowledge that all their proceed. view, which is to consolidate the p osition of the Ea st in a ings have had for their -object the realisation of the common manner to put an end to the rivalries of the Great Powers. They bring this idea,with the same self-denial to the solu tion of the third point. They only desire t hat, in order to arrive at it, all should consent to abandon t h e g round o f p re- , ' indices, and place themselves on that of the baliince of power in Europe, Which embraces the Eastern question . In looking from this elevated point of view on the en g a g e. tueuts which flow from the third point a solution will easily he arrival at, honourable•for all, and offering real guarantees to all -the cantracting parties. Before all, it is necessary to mention, that that which , it has, been thotight proper to call " the preponderance of Ruisia-inthe Black Sea" has been the result of the nature . and the whole system of the political relations of the two - than by her maritime empires bordering Mier on. " It was a inperiority' of autho rityrtorretaeties uc w h ith mo t r h e e t Ottomanhan from eitmspiniref:::: tie which Russia exercised rather by the ascendancy which • lat r ioa s-pe of c t i h a e l supremacy. It resulted from the iso . - °s De ssa veloped by the influence of circumstances unconnected with Russia, such as the 2., ge Navaho°, the conqu es t of Algeria nerati obuy France I G .a r a e c ec e , e dent tendencies of the P as h l of Egypt, of the Boys of Tunis and Tripoli, which deprived the Porte of sufficiently impor- . taut maritime assistance, that • by Russia. It had formed theuiofhfiority was not brought on could have ceased at the will of thieseft" of no stipulation. It ; Porte. The topographical configuration of the Bo ephorue,so favour able to the organisation of an impregnable system of defence ; the possession of fortresses and p or t s such lis, Bourgas, Trebizonde, &c. ; the advantage Varna, Sisepo iheing able to group all her forces round three contiguous were and they still are striking advantages Which the Porte thess possessed and still possesses over Russia, who • b . d . maintain naval forces in four - seas separat e d by '° lige to Immense dis tances, could only give its navy in the Black Sea a restricted levero - pirient. If, notwithstanding the mistrust which for twenty ye ars past has been excited against Russia, the Porte should not make use of its advantages, would it not be because, instead of seeing a danger for herself in the maritime development of Russia, she had suspicion of those which would menace her - elsewhere, and against which, in time of need,,the forces of Russia, might serve as a means - of defence? __. Morally, as well as materially, facts seemed to justify that view. People have strangely deceived themolves in"regard to the dangers to which the Ottoman empire might be exposed from the Russian fleet. In affirming, in his work on Southern Russia, that with her fleet, rated, it is true, at 30 vessels, Russia could at will occupy Constantinople, Marshal Marmont has committed a double error ; on the one hand, because the Russian naval forces hr the Black Sea'ean never reach that number without uniting with those of the Baltic—a junction which is impos sible ; on the other ' because, if even so gigantic a maritime development could be effected, it would be very far :from leading to the dangers which appear to be apprehended. That which is now passing in the Crimea would be sufficient to prove this. The real facts are, indeed, otherwise opposed to these hy potheses. Let us take, for instance, what passed' in 1833. - At that epoch the Russian fleet appears in the Bosphorus mid effects a descent, but under what conditions! It is with the ' consent of the Sultan, and to come to his aid. Moreover, availing itself of all its shipping, the Russian fleet could only transport on that occasion-from 10,000 to 12,000 men. And it will be admitted that this force, important as an auxiliary, would have been entirely insufficient if it had presented itself as au enemy. Since that time much has been said of the development of the Russian navy. Notwithstanding all that has been said, what do we see 20 years after, that is to say, in 1853 ? The Russian fleet takes about 15 days for the embarka tion, the transport, and the disembarkation of a division of infantry, that is to say, from 15,000 to 16,000 men, from. Sebastopol to Redout Kaleh. On taking into consideration the proximity of the maritime establishments"of Russia, 211,000 men at most can be reckoned as the number of troops for descent which the Russian navy of the Black Sea; in its greatest development, would be in a position to transport, on any given point of the Ottoman ter rit.,r;v, in the space of about three weeks. Is that a very great danger? Does itjustify the apprehen sions which have been conceived ? Is not a risk incurred in endeavouring to avoid it, of sacrificing to a chimerical danger the true conditions of the security of the East and of the European equilibrium? Dangers have many times menaced the Ottoman empire from other quarters than the north. An Admiral •of the Sul tan has even een seen to lead his fleet, to his rebellious vassal. Who answers that facts of this nature shall not again occur ? Moreover, the English and French fleets, taken not collec tively, but singly, are either less powerful nor less dangerous than those of Russia. lecause the maritime - establishments of France and England are furt' er • off, they are not on that account more inoffensive. Europe less able to watch the evolutions of the fleets that leave them. . . By means of the rapidity of electric commu icatious, they could, by setting sail from Toulon and Malta at the same time the the Russian fleet should ieav Sebastopol, arrive in time suflicient to ward off danger from the Porte. Bid, who en gages that they may Rot one day present themselves with the same celerity, whether singly or collectively, before the Serag- lo as enemies of the Porte The rapidity with' which the I'reuch fleet sailed towards Sa'amis in 1853 shows the material ossibility of this ou the part of France. The threats of %lila. M. do 1 avalette made use prow • its moral possibility-. As regards England, we will limit om.selves to men foiling the violation of the Straits iu I ts 4 9, under pretext of tempests. ; - Where, if the Bla , :k Sea - were, disarmed, would be the secu rity against suchattempts r Wl, ore the counterpoise toprevent their being lightly undertaken? Thew., sinlple a reflections arc sufficient to show that what ever system may be adopted in revising the treaty of 1841, with the view of connecting the Ottoman oznpire with the ba htnee of power in Europe,lhe maintenance in the Black Sea of a respectable Russian naval forte would not only not be of a nature to raise seri us apprehensions, but would even be one of the conditions necessary to secure, by way of counterpcdse to naval forces that may happen to be in the waters of the. Levant, the intact observance of the stipulations concluded iu the interest,of the European equilibrium. And let it not be objected that this would be the maintenance of the status quo, and that, in consequence, the preponderance which Russialias f,xercised iu the Black Sea would not come to an end. It has before been demonstrated that that preponderance arises from the isolation of Turkey ; it will therefore cease with the entry of the latter under the public law of Europe. The Porte would preserve not only the faculty which shebas always had of giving at will to her navy the development which ap eared to it needful, but would acquire another moral guarantee against all attack on the part of Russia, who, of a surety would not risk, for the sake of a most hazardous un dßeAking, to draw on herself, by a violation of the public law of Eurcpe, a general coalition. Moreover, Russia would not refuse on her part to offerfiew guarantees by a revision of tho treaty of 1841, if this were desired by the Sultan. The transactions of Russia concluded directly with th e Porte have never made of the Black Sea a closed see:. On the ;;;I: trary, the Treaty of Athianople has had the merit of having opened that sea to mercantile shipping of all nations without distinction. The closing of Ile Straits to war flags has nut been the result of agreements of Russia with the Porte. It has arisen solely from the ancient legis'ation of the Ottoman empire. The treaty of 1841 has only served to recognise and to con firm this principle, established by the'Sultans in their quality of sovereigns of the.territory adjoining the two Straits. They are free to open the passage, as they were to keep it closed. So long as the Straits remained closed, it followed naturally. that the navigation of the Black Sea became accessible solely to the ships of war of the two bordering Powers—the one Ru.sia, the other Turkey. The Russian Plenipotentiaries are the first to admit the facility which the Sultan possesses, in right and in fact, to open the passage of the Straits to the war flag of the Powers with whom the Porte is at peace; but reciprocally, in'open ing the Straits on like terms, to authorise the passage from. one sea to the other, and that in favour of all nations. Adopted by common consent in the'interest of the general equilibrium, a like provision may serve to put an end to the inferiority in which the Porte is placed in the Black Sea. It could be completed by other measures, which would be its corollaries. Convinced that stipulations taken from this order of ideas must draw forth the solution so much desired, and give to the peace of Europe new pledges of security, the Plenipotentiaries of Russia believe it their duty - to appeal to the sentiments which animate the members of the Conference, to engage them to enter into this salutary path, and to dis cuss propositions drawn up in this sense. (tnelosure 2 in No. 13) ANNEX B TO PROTOCOL No. 12.. ,„. desirous of Art. . The high contracting which may a pse Powers the_ i anxieties fo;ces of the two bordering the Sultan, by • h o ess consents to modify putting inequalityau o e f n end 1 - 1 in the basin of ofthe Black soverei,n T will, 'Dardanelles and of a spontaneous act . of the Straits of treats of the Ist (13th) the rule of the closing . the provided for by t distinction, to as provi forth, without • the Black. Sea, the Bosphorus, gh these observe iwt:ihtliso ,7 t n grant henceforth, Courts .assa b g e e in' t s ou froni the te°navae_ Sea, his Highness algBs4olf,' warali - proceed. of f°rouninattr Ir2;pfeilaeegop into mid r i m versa rrangements for regulating the passage of , The a— h these Straits, and laying down the posi tronsshTs h e duration of the anchorages, shall form the sub-' and t iiecial regulation, which the Sublime Porte shail jeet of ' 8.- „ o rding as it may think necessary for its secu '' jSthutiel•ayfl;ts to 11.1 z .: o igate, a Art. The regulation mentioned in the preceding article psheaAlelre:br.e,litltilieailti.httilecn:oliiit.ihmeefipagosrtoef, Wl zo: ca a l li le ua d. nations in in th a .e s n ta jo te y of it . shall engage scrupulously to on a footing of perfect equality, N i t i t hil tO eB ; particular uiar e Sult an,however,ilemnetan e c ircumstan c es, to reserves to' provisions of that regulation, in favour of any flag he . l i i n ii to A ns i t e t h if e , pleases, exceptional and temporary modifications, destined to extend the privileg.-s for a limited time. Art. . In case (which God forbid !) the Sublime Porto / should herself be i n a state of war, or should see her security. compromised by hostilities which might break out b e tween. o ther Powers, his Highness the Sultan reserves to h!mselifthteh° r power to suspend the free passage through the entirely or partially, un til th e ce ssation of the cire a Which may have required such a measure, Straits, teanees \ (Enclosure 1-in No. 13.) ANNEX A TO PROTOCOL No. 12. The Imperial Cabinet of Russia, in accepting the " four ' (Enclosure 3in No. 13.) • points" as a basis of negotiation, has not concealed from itself the import- The ort. their real meaning, neither has it ever thought of altering it. Contracting Parties, impressed wit h P The High general equilibrium of seeing The fundamental idea which presides over the delibe • rationma intenance of t he of the of the Conference is to put an end to the isolated position of :Ince to the rorte the Sublim e partici pating in the advantages ' AXXEX CTO PROTOCOL No. 12. in Europe, to bring it within the public law of the civilised the Ottoman empire, to connect it with the balance of power esta blished ! union will henceforth consider her as between the different Euro declare that they engage each on its own part to world ;in short, to assure to it conditions f this union; of existence ca l cu - 'an integral part o e territorial integrity of the lated to afford pledges of security to itself, give • d ndenee and th and to to I respect the in epe ntee in common the strict observane4a Europe guarantees against fresh complications. pean States, , The realisation of this id ea necessarily celled for essential of t h is ogaireip.-- - i ment and, will bx consecsilCe Pdousider every empire; bypublic law kacryicel on the put of um & ~- - cud , Ottoman ___ I Jim tataskillitthg• ikotvl. __. _________. ________ __ • '. 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