The Sun. — London, England, 1849-09-14 00:00:00

S DAY.) CIDAY. Wheat O f " vise as well I , s . amples of, both he attendance descriptions 0' sluggi,ll foreign Wbe. sl rom the ' Balt bout stationsrl ich neglected; Du offer, b A ll it y good. ' l4 ' l a t e rate yet it exceed" have no chang e vere very 3 0m e amounted t° d at full prices. lected. 8e 4135 ' lay. 1 Malt Flour' ' CACO . t o 2,430 1,2' J.- I morning Iv!! ry deficient 1: ; rather.n o o fully equsl t Scots se 11 0 1 'e was a 51 L ig, 13 1 , greeds of vo" c 1 11$ urrency. bo r 81bs. Ls ll/ t . ate reque st er r Blbs. ade, but no $ o; 'low inquiry to t from 14' s. d• t ° :' a ; Sheep 3 6 4 0 dditto3 10 1 other 4 0 0 0 wool° 0 3 i ..... 3 2 4 0 ..,. 3 S 21 0 0•• 4 0 'l6 0 , 0 • •• i Pigs. 30a rice. I 10 1110 3.fiLL. f th each kind ° 1 . d. to 0 • n •• 2 10 3 , 6 'rig_ 3 4 i / 0 3 8 . ti 30 : 0 a 8 ' 31C. eking has been represented as hare incresso for all kinds "',. in the quote' by no meal to 100,0 00 of Kent ditto. 3/ 58 to 6 1 l i s Cation hag bee.° 'Wn I diSpooi realised 39 , 6 ,, 39s fur mid J buy. Bryvi o' sines ha be 92". ties, and 1 3 ": 0 I at 38s 6d , ', yellow at t'd, 6d to 443 a R 3 been oare : e s, was takeicii then' tioo-'ges as bee o ,4 1 to 41 6 d to 21s 6d, inclination ,0 St rates 171 a i re has ree l b ` cwt, god is realised a f or good 1 ' 1 ' ; T e llicherrl fiVe fi° d for used 365 6c l ,, t d ° st 51s 6d, 0`!0 J Ri o has et A CII ngapore ud 36s for d e f has been , d her. Triniu s .; and good, - been fai, r , s been 80 1 . . - er lb. Cl )° ! ° : egs. Ja°3°l - s for fine. , s ined, viz , faci 265 6d I°' en sold at 60 titi at 4 .0 t° per cwt. " e public sal i s being 37e 9 37s 9cl for 111' les not belie ti Barcelona iow interfered rown filberl s• the stock 15 5, offered 51 partly so t l (1 )t Grapes " f and a turth e ' all parcel of !cl, a portion izii Nuts are RT. TBNANTS--- 101. 105. for efendant. upation, An t ': t o the 94( sent woo g ot of starepeo•,, on was fo to' of dePri ci' i g , n takivi s h u t , co how ;ntivb the do ood a dilapidate ange; Cit a llal about three On lilted t° bui I T rent, te r p the 49 11 , ,f oi n st(sa h au 513 c cos I t e c it; but -bit. judg° 3 l ll oo hi of so w s ,ct. I t " T o tia 1 d. •"" u it Dtic(l to q Christofferi , ;ebt c ; Bettcy, John's, New ?orto Rico for For Liverpool• fresh gales 'orgen, Bueuos Valparaiso, sld rp; St. 1 ter, Stettin. lb° )ss of bowspr it, naking for Ilio long. 50 W./ tion CES. RAPH•) ISLE OF WIGHT. FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) From Brighton we started on the 11th inst., at eight in the morning, although certain parties, not vveatherwise, attempted to dissuade us from the jour ney. We took our seats in a coupee " back," mean ing back to the engine, with a respectable lading of passengers, adding to their number at Worthing, Littlehampton, Arundel, and Chichester. The class of persons so conveyed were evidently not singularly remarkable " for delicateness and tenderness." Each seemed, with coat, cape, mackintosh, cloak, shawls, boas, &c., determined to face rude Boreas in a style worthy of a bruiser dealing with an ugly customer. The views from Brighton to Portsmouth presented pictures of the most exquisite description, framed by the window sashes through which we, enraptured with their beauty, regarded these scenes. The great masters of art appeared to us to be children when compared with the masterpieces of nature, worked by the finger of God. Few remains of the harvest being left, the plough had already succeeded to the reaping-hook. The ap proaching Michaelmas and Christmas were indicated b . y ti e flocks of bipeds and quadrupeds destined to immolation at those festivities. The farmyards and their cartilages abounded 'with stacks of grain, the produce of a bounteous harvest. Seats of the no bility an I gentry profusely adorned the southern de clivity of the Downs, the sacred edifices standing out as gems scattered over the variegated mantle of nature. Chichester Cathedral especially attracts at tention, its form being ichnographically that of a cross, and symbolic of the Redeemer's sufferings. The entrance by the nave is termed Gallilee, the name Gallilean being applied to the followers of Christ in the time of Pilate, and our Saviour being reproached with the proverb, as applicable to his origin, " Can any good thing come out of Gallilee ?" The nave represents the lower portion of the cross fixed in Gallilee ; the transepts correspond with the transverse arms of the cross, through which, as by the hands of Christ, the believer is brought into the church, and whereby access to the interior is usually obtained. The choir is symbolic of the head of Christ. It is the portion of the building wherein all the divine services are almost invariably performed, when sufficiency of space exists. To pursue this language further, we may assume the towers at the extremity of the nave to indicate the feet, the eleva tions at the ends of the transepts to indicate the bands, whilst the central tower or spire may indicate the spear transfixed in the Saviour's side. Turning to the south, different views present themselves. The sea, with vessels whitening her bosom, forms a broad margin of beauty, incomparable save only by the ethereal blue of the sky " overarching all," with no cloud to threaten disappointment to the traveller. The enormous inlet of the sea which surrounds Hayling island was checkered with numerous small craft, and vessels of larger dimensions were visib'e spreading their white sails to the breeze, agitated like the feathers of the swan, and destined to receive the offerings of Ceres into the lap of Amphitrite, to be conveyed over the bosom of Neptune's extensive domain. _ Approaching within a short distance of the Ports• mouth station a military outwork is passed. Here we noted the sergeant-engineer expounding to his Pupils the mathematical mysteries of his craft. Reaching the new station, which, like almost all other railway stations, is already too small for the business don e there, we passed quickly within the lines of fortification. It may assist the reader to impart a rude notion, better than none at all, of what a fortifi cation is ; for there are few persons now, we should hope, who, not having seen a fortification, would answer with the schoolmaster to such inquiry, that a fortification was two twentyfications. Conceive a base line extending along the margin of the sea, which in this case is presumed to be a right, straight, or direct tine, upon this line carry horizontally four more lines, of equal length, so as to form a five-sided figure (pentagon); at the three salient angles nearest to the railway additional works are so added as to enable the military occupying these works to command in flank the long line from one angle, corner, or outwork, to another, in such way, that if troops approached the walls the military, from these outlying corners might direct the fire of the garrison, its musketry and large cannon lengthwise upon the attacking columns. The effect is intended to be the Milne as planting cannon at the two ends of a street, so that the soldiers or riotous citizens in the street might, in nautical phraseology, be " raked fore and af t. The corner works are called bastions, being angular or circular projections from the line consti tuting the pentagon. There are other works, as horns, couaterscarps, and what not; and if the traveller be at all fond of military fortifications as a branch of mathematics, he may have a rich treat in this locality. But time and tide wait for no man ; and the steamer gaily decorated, and what is more important, well laid in with stores, is filling fast with passengers and their private " belly-timber." The circuit of the island is upwards of 60 miles, and the voyage is to last fur eight hours. Ityde, with its half•mile long pier and clustered houses on rising ground, is the most conspicuous object, after viewing the marine for tifications which command the entrance to the harbour of Portsmouth, and the first-rate (largest) ships of war, and the naval steamers lying at anchor off the head of the sand, called the " Spit," and, there fore, Spithead. The curious traveller who desires to s ee Spithead must go as a diver, admission being re fused to all other modes of approach. Contrary to the usual course, we are to go south about to visit the back of the island first, and to return in the afternoon northward, by way of the Solent. St. Helen's, Brad lag Harbour, and the Foreland, being passed, the whiteness of the bluff chalk cliffs gives place to the Sandy strata of Sandown Bay. Here the breaks in the rocks, which elsewhere might be called ravines, take the name of chines, very different, from chines of beef or pork, from which, however, the name is said to be derived. Those of Shanklin and Luccomb being covered with verdure, and the streams from the elevated cliffs above coming down in tor tuous courses, making very deep fissures, and leaping as successive cataracts from one point o f elevation to another in their descent, at length throw out jets and streams of pellucid water on the ruddy sand, whi c h, viewed from the sea, look like diamonds sparkling in rainbow colours, and are c omparable only to these gems set off in brilliancy and beauty by the fair bosom which beats with sympathy or love. Next, the Undercliff heaves In sight. It is evident that at some very remote era there has been a land-fall nearly the whole length of this southern face of the island. The land undis turbed forms an enormous perpendicular wall, having th e appearance of rude masonry, apparently designed to keep off the northern blasts and their conquerors of the east and west. This land is destitute of trees for miles, and is similar in character to the Brighton downs ; not so the fallen land, which, independently of the e x traordinary diversity of surface and aspect Which it presents, is remarkable for the rich fertility of its vegetable kingdom. The dense foliage of the trees, already giving some signs of autumnal tint, and the beauteous glades, over which the shadows of the trees and of an occasional fleeting cloud passes, make the scene almost instinct with life. The cattle and horses are feeding on the lower lands. The flocks of sh ee p grazing on the lofty downs, reaching far into the region of the clouds, contrast with and add brilliancy to the deep blue of the sky. From amidst some of these masses of foliage an Eliza bethan or a Gothic structure emerges ; one cf the latter largely covered with ivy (Steephill Castle) has a supereminently beautiful effect in the combination and contrast of art with nature. Far different is the impression conveyed to us by the modern-looking, mean houses of Ventnor. These hideous structures, without verdure, stuck in rude confusion, apparently one above the other, some with projecting roofs, others with verandas, seemed each to " grin horribly a ghastly smile" at our little steamer, and her merry and delighted, because fully occupied crew. We had passed but a short while the lighthouse, elevated on the most southern point of the island, when, changing our course, we encountered the direct opposition of wind, tide, and current. Here, on a small scale, was a sort of Bay of Biscay, to us new voyagers as remarkable as the larger bay is to those who are compelled to navigate it. Our little steamer contended nobly with her enemies, having one leg (or wheel) almost suspended out of the water, the other being immersed, far abo ve its axle, in the sea ; the action of the rudder to adjust this one-sided ai motion, and the ground swell of the waves together, produced that complicated series of motions, the resultant of which is faintly adumbrated by the a p o thecary in shaking a medicine bottle. The delicate vibration of the stomach necessary for the due simmering of the contents of that animal stew-pan was sensibly affected thereby. An ashy Paleness began to overspread the features of many of the passengers, chiefly of the ladies in the first instance, and presented favourable occasions for offering the delicate attentions to the sex which result in a bucket and m o p . The votaries of Ceres, Bacchus, and Vesta, that is , t he eaters, drinkers, and aniekers, men as well as women, were soon compelled by the dread stroke of Neptune's trident to bend before him and contribute to his loud demand for largess Few of the passengers could avoid making con tributions. Horace, in his od e to Virgil, says truly, and perhaps feelingly— " Illi robnr et aes triplex, Circa pectus erat, qui fragilem truci Commisit pplago ratem Primus." That is, " the man who for the first time embarks in a small steam-boat off the Isle of Wight, ought to have his stomach lined with treble plates of brass. Slowly, indeed, did we proceed, and well are we Initiated into the rudeness of Neptune's embraces. As a railway shareholder in the North-Western, Brighton, and Eastern Counties, we fell a musing on the leading persons to whom we and others had entrusted 0* management of those concerus. THE SUN Oh, Hudson ! Hudson, oh! Here we rapidly ap proached the Needles, and the lady who had been reclining on our shoulder, which we had recommended as a specific for sea-sickness, and who ought to have inspired us with other emotions than the tergiversation and knavery of railway chairmen, suddenly found it necessary to be escorted to the taffrail to pay her respects to Old Neptune. After securing the lady in the most approved position for her devotional ex ercises, we retreated to our former position, the boat serning to rise when we expected it to fall, and to slip from under our feet when we thought it about to rise up to them. Even the seamen and stewards,who appeared sometimes to have one leg a foot long and the other a yard in length at the same time,were, nevertheless, obliged to grasp with their hands at any object within reach. The skipper, in his attempts to gallant a lady, who was not very agreeable a-weather, to the leeward of the vessel, had no light task, and the two cut more capers, scans pede in nab, than Taglioni and Vestris ever exhibited in the ballet. All the ladies did, in fact, pay their nautical respects to the Needles. One wag observed that it was remarkable that ladies should have any difficulty in passing the Needles ; to which a medical student added, " that in passing the Needles nothing had been left on the stomach." Before reaching the Needles, the chalk cliffs pre sented, on their projecting faces huge beds or patches of sasaphire, producing remarkable groups, out of which a lively imagination might compound as many forms as can be seen in the shadows of rocks, or in the glowing embers of the fire. From the tops of the cliffs— " Half-way down, Hangs one that gathers samphire—dreadful trade." His occupation combined also that of catching plovers as they emerged from their nests in the rocks, and robbing them of their eggs. The geologic formation of the Needles—detached masses of chalk-rock—is on this wise. The chalk for mation extending from the eastern to the western extremities of the isle, a promontory of this mineral projects far into the sea westward, and is gradually washed away by the advancing and retreating tides of the ocean until the friable material is undermined in certain places, whilst the more durable portion of chalk rock still lifts its head above the hostile deep. Some of these portions have been reduced, so as to assume a pyramidal shape, nautically termed Needles. The most characteristic of these have been many years submerged, and those that remain appear more like thimbles than needles. Rounding the Needles, we changed our course, and had immediately a smooth sea, a favourable wind, tide, and current. Alum Bay now presented itself in variegated colours, arising from the strata of red and yellow ochres, fuller's earth, black flints, and grey and snowy-white sands. Hurst Castle and Light houses appeared on our left, and Yarmouth on the right, the Southampton water, with its fleet of swift and beautiful yachts on the one hand, and Cowes,with its wooded terraces and villas, on the other. Norris Castle and grounds next appeared, and then Osborne, the marine residence of her Majesty. The addition of two belvederes gives this structure a very imposing appearance, viewed from the direction of Portsmouth, as projected on the sky. Sailing up the harbour, we passed over the iron chains which direct the course of the floating bridge, passing every quarter hour between Portsmouth and Gosport. We approached the ships lying in ordinary ; the gallant Victory, with jury masts, serving for an immense nautical school for the young " mariners of England." The enormous bakehouse at Gosport and the Government yards opposite, where every article required for naval ship-building is manufactured, were passed, and our landing was effected just in time for the starting of the train for Brighton on our return, with spirits enlivened and purified by the magnificent displays we had witnessed of the power and goodness of Almighty God in this most beautiful portion of his sublunary creation. BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE AD- VANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY.—Last evening the first general meeting of the association was held at the Town llall. At half-past eight o'clock the Marquis of Northampton took the chair, and opened the busi ness in a brief address, observing that it was not the first time he had the pleasure of addressing the mem bers of the association. On the present occasion, how ever, it would be unnecessary for him to detain them by any lengthened observations, because he would be followed by a more able man, whom it would be his great pleasure to introduce to them as his successor in the chairmanship of the association—a gentleman whose merits were so well known that it would be unnecessary for him to say more than announce the name of the Rev, T. R. Robinson. The Noble Lord then paid a high compliment to the well• known merits of the Learned Professor, and concluded by introduc ing him to the meeting. Professor ROBINSON then took the chair, and in an address of considerable length set forth the objects and utility of the British Association fur the ad vancement of science. Their objects were threefold. First, to promote intercourse between the scientific men of this country and those of all other nations, to give a stronger impulse to science and a more systematic direction to the energies of mechanical science as applicable to the growing wants of the nation. The association had carried out these objects fully and advantageously. On the present occasion they were honoured with the presence of Chevalier Bunsen, a man whose fume was well known, and who had proved that the study of science was not in compatible with the discharge of onerous duties/it° society. But the great and principal utility of the association had been to draw attention to scientific pursuits where it was most required. In no country had it been' more neglected than in Eng lund, and in no place had a greater penalty been paid for ignorance of science than in this country. In England alone the ornaments of science were not rewarded by Government, nor did he complain on the part of these men, who had been neglected. True lovers of science found in the pur suit of it ample reward for their labours. He, there fore, did not complain of the parsimonious ❑iggardly conduct of Government, which passed unnoticed the services of an Ivory and a Dalton ; but he did com plain of the injury which society had sustained in consequence of the ignorance which had hitherto pre vailed upon scientific subjects. He knew from good au thority that the question had been asked in high places, of what use is science ? Times, however, had changed. No man in authority now would be foolish enough to say so, even were he weak enough to think so. What had not science done, and would not yet do for the sanitary condition of the people of this coun try ? Up to the present time the terrible disease which had scourged other parts of the country, and was carrying destruction around that neighbourhood, had not reached Birmingham ; and why ? Because they had availed themselves of scientific knowledge, and had taken those precautionary measures necessaay for the prevention of disease. Again, had not science conferred immense advantages upon the maritime world, and how much still remained to be done in nautical science ? Was it not a melancholy fact, that three ships were lost daily in consequence of their ignorance of nautical science ? If agricultural science was properly cultivated, the produce of the country might be doubled, and who did not know of the great advantage which had been already derived by the application of scientific knowledge to the manufacture of iron? One million tons of that useful metal was added to the manufacture of the country, not to mention the thousands of individuals who derived their daily sub sistence from it. The machinery of the country had also been vastly improved by scientific knowledge. What had not the steam-engine done, .that powerful machine, the invention of one of their own immortal townsmen ? At last the application of practical science had found its way into their universities to an extent hitherto unknown, and never before comtemplated. In his own university (Dublin), the sciences of chemistry, electricity, and magnetism, had been in troduced, and now constituted an essential part of the under graduates' course ; so that hereafter a man coming out of such an institution, unacquainted with these sciences, would be deemed as deficient in proper education, as a man was now held to be who was ignorant of the common rudiments of arithmetic. Besides the ordinary advantages of science, there were still the more glorious benefits of religious asso ciations arising from it. Who could contemplate the immense works of the great Creator of the uni verse, through the medium of astronomy, without being impelled to recognise in the order of the creation, an all.powerful, an all-wise, and all-benifi cent creator—(Applause)—and if they went to the extreme, through the medium of the microscrope, there again they beheld myriads of almost indis cernible creatures formed of life, and for whose wants and comfort every accommodation had been provided. It was, therefore, false to say that science and religion were incompatible. They were not. In everything created they found the operation of omni potence, and the man who was not impelled by scien tific knowledge to be a believer, must either have imperfect knowledge, or must have allowed his rea soning powers to be blinded by his passions.—(Hear, hear.) He hoped the result of that meeting would be to extend more largely the bonds of amity between scientific men all over the world. In no place could they more properly have assembled than in the tow❑ of Birmingham, surrounded as they were by such a variety of objects, calculated to call forth the intellectual powers of the mind. It was a place of great and varied inventions, and consummate skill in manufactures, and he looked forward with intense pleasure to the forthcoming proceedings. The Learned Professor resumed his chair amidst loud and con tinued applause ; after which Lord IIAaROWBY came forward and moved a vote of thanks to Doctor Robinson, and in doing so highly complimented the Learned Professor on his address. He was sorry to say that the Rev. Gentleman had too firmly fixed upon put Governments in this •oau try the neglect of science, but he hoped for better times for men who devoted themselves to the pursuit of science. He was glad to find that the Board of Admiralty had issued a mral of instructions for those wider them, and from that step he anticipated considerable benefit. The Bishop of OXFORD seconded the vote of thanks, and took occasion to express the great gratification he had experienced in hearing the Rev. Professor Robin son so ably defend scientific pursuits against the charges of irreligion, and show so clear:y that it was not incompatible with the divine truths of revelation. He most cordially seconded the resolution, and hoped the address of the Learned Gentleman would be pro ductive of all that good which it was so well calcu lated to produce. The vote of thanks was then passed with acclama- tion. The meeting separated. This morning, Thursday, the section rooms were opened at eleven o'clock, when the following papers were presented SECTION A. MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE.—Mr. Ronald's general report of proceed ings at and in relation to the Kew Observatory, during the last year. Mr. Birt—Report on the dis cussion of the electrical observations at the Kew Observatory. Mr. Grover —On the orbit of the magnetic pole, and on the evidences of a direct attrac tion of the needle by the two Isodynarnic poles. Professor Chevallier—On a rainbow seen after actual sunset. Mr. Twining—On teaching perspective by models. Rev. Professor Powell—On luminous meteors SECTION B.—CHEMISTRY, &c.—Mr. Seoffern—On• the combined use of the basic acetates of lead and sulphurous acid, in the colonial manufacture and the refining of sugar. Dr. Wilson—On the presence of fluorine in the waters of the Frith of Clyde, Frith of Forth, and the German Ocean. Mr. Rinman—On phosphorus, as producing cold-short iron. Mr. Ward —On the comparative cost of working various voltaic arrangements. SECTION C.••••••GEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL GEO GRAHHY.—Mr. J. Beete Jukes—On the general re lations of the new red sandstone, the coal measures, and the silurian of the South Staffordshire coal field. Mr. S. 11. Blackwell—On the igneous rocks of the South Staffordshire coal-field. Mr. H. Black well—On the faults traversing the South Staffordshire coal. field. Mr. Isaac Lea—On the discovery of rep titian foot-prints in the old red sandstone, near Potts-, ville, Philadelphia. SECTION D. NATURAL HISTORY, INCLUDING; PHYSIOLOGY.—Professor Daubeny—Report on the action of carbonic acid on plants allied to the fossil remains found in the coal formation. SECTION F.—STATISTICS.—James Haywood, Esq, M.P., F.R.S.—To read a paper of Mr. Paton's on the sanitary condition of Darwen. G. R. Porter, Esq., F.R S —On the agricultural statistics of Ire land. Professor Hancock—On the use to be made of the Ordnance survey to statistics in the registration of judgments and deeds in Ireland. SECTION G.—MECHANICS.—Mr. Roberts—On a method of supplying the boilers of steam-engines with water. Mr. Whishaw—On a chain pipe for sub-aqueous telegraphs. Mr. Roberts—On an eccentric gauge for wire, sheet metal, &c. Mr. Roberts—On means for winding clockwork by the agency of the tide. Mr. Smith—On the superiority of Macadamised roads for the streets of large towns. Mr. Heaton—On the causes and means of prevention of the oscillation of the wheels of locomotive engines. There was not any discussion of interest upon any of the above subjects, but some documents of im portance will be submitted to-morrow. TESTIMONIAL TO THE HUNGARIAN REFUGEES. " THE HUNGARIAN NATION COUNTS ON TIE SYMPATHY OF EVERY NATION 'WHICH LOVES RIGHT AND Ll- BERTY."—Kossuth's Protest against Russian Interven- Subscriptions may be sent to the following bankers:— Messrs. Coutts and Co. Messrs. Drummond. Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smith ; or to any one of the members of the committee formed to carry out the Testimonial. •,„*All further Post-office orders to be rnade payable to Murdo Young, Esq., at the Money Order Office, Strand. Subscriptions already received ... Per th• Editor of Examiner Friends at Kelvedon ... ... ... ...963 10 41 The Compositors at Messrs. Reynell k ►eight's Mr. Wm. A. Long, jun., Wotton-under-Edge Second Subscription of Working Jewellers' Work- 1 0 0 1 10 6 1 0 0 A Few Chartists, per Samuel Boonham ... Per K. L. J., Limerick, second remittance ... 11. B. P., per Mr. Dunford, Notting-hill ... Penny Subscriptions by the Frequenters of the Sun Coffee-house, 118, Long-acre A Liberal Englishwoman, Warwickshire Subscriptions in behalf of the Hungarians, col lected by L. I.:— 3 15 9 0 3 6 0 1111 0 0 2 6 9 0 0 5 0 C. M. and ... ••• ••• B. and C. ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• K. and L. •• ••• ••• ••• ••• J. A. and S. ... ••• C. and Co. A Liberal ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• F G. and S. ... K. M. and Co. ••• ••• ••• ••• Contributions from Neweastle-upon-Tyne, per Mr. George Crawshay " For Freedom's Cause." A Subscription raised by Commercial Gentlemen and others, at the Royal Hotel, Aberdeen, Aug. 23, 1849, fur the Hungarians and Poles : Mr. Atkinson, Huddersfield Mr. Tomlinson, Bradford Mr. B. Conway, London... ••• Mr. Riddel, Manchester... Mr. Evans, Glasgow ... ..• ••• Mr. Robertson, Royal Hotel, Aberdeen ... Mr. Macdonald, Isle of Skye ... ..• Mr. Adamson, Stannocby Mr. Feast, Beverley ... Mr. Hernulewicz, Edinburgh ... Mr. Anderson, Glasgow ... Mr. Banks, Camperdown Second Remittance from Edinburgh, per Lord Dudley Stuart ... ••• ... - Subscription on behalf of the Hungarian Re- 3 3 0 5 0 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 2 O 10 0 O 10 0 O 5 0 O 5 0 O 10 0 0 5 0 O 5 0 0 5 0 0 5 0 O 5 0 O 5 0 O 5 0 25 1 10 f.gees, emanating from the Carlisle Temper ance Reading Room, per Lord Dudley Stuart... A. Mostly, Park-street, Bristol ... ... ... Balance of subscription from Cardiff, per Mr. 15 8 6 0 10 0 ...156 William Davies ••• .•• ••• ♦ Few Fri,mds assembled at th• Crown Tavern, M, Edgware-road ••• A Few Chartists., Cripplegats John Turner, Langton-green G. Walker, Drury-lane ... ... From Mr. Rogers Leake, of York, Upper Rath- 0 15 0 0 3 1 0 5 0 0 2 0 bone - place ••• ••• ••• ••• T. W. (Prudentia Silentia) Alexander Shaw, Esq., of Tillicoultry, per Lord Dudley Stuart ... 0 5 7 0 2 6 35 0 0 Tot al ... £1,052 10 Di BRIGHTON.—The town continues to fill very fast, which is clearly evinced by the thronged appearance of our cliffs in the afternoon. Perhaps the moat delightful marine promenade is our Chain l'ter, which is now nu merously visited; and the German bend playing on the outer platform daily for two hours, offers additional at traction to our visitors.—Brighton Gazette. INTRAMURAL INTERMENT.—Yesterday evening a vestry was held at the school-house, Church-entry, of St. Ann's, Blackfriars, to take into consideration the order of the General Board of Health, dated the 6th of September, prohibiting interments in the burial ground of the parish, and requiring the churchwardens to make the necessary provision for interments elsewhere. The chair was filled by Mr. R. Wheeler, the senior church warden, and the object of the meeting having been explained by him, Mr. Low suggested that the burial-ground should be closed till the com mencement of the new year, after which, if it was neces sary to extend the period, a vestry might be called for the purpose. Mr. Butterfield thought that the order of the Board of Health ought to be adopted, and made a motion to that effect, which being seconded by Mr. Robeson, was carried unanimously. Mr. M‘Lachlan then proposed that a committee be appointed to provide a proper place of interment for the poor of the parish. The Chairman, in speaking to this resolution, stated that the Tower Hamlets and the Nunbeud Cemeteries were the nearest which could be made avail able for the burial of their poor. The parish of St. Bride had already come to terms with the directors of the former cemetery, and he thought they ought to do so also. Mr Churchwarden Childs took a similar view, and stated that he would Loig ago have advocated the closing of the churchyard but for the increased expense of interments at a distance, whieh, by the Act of Parlia ment, fell upon the poor-rates. Mr. APLachlan's motion having, after some further discussion, been adopted, it was arranged that the proposed committee should report progress as speedily as possible; and, after the usual vote of thanks to the chairman, th meeting separated. POSTPONEMENT OP THE HOP DUTT.—At length licnt is fairly aroused. The white horse of Hengist is again in the ascendant, and the men of Kent are resum ing their prescriptive station in the van, which their an cesters so long and so proudly maintained, and from which they should never have shrunk from one moment. We will not, however, dwell upon the past. The close approximation to the 15th of October has awakened the lukewarm from their lethargy, and all parties are now strongly uniting in one grand effort to obtain a further postponement of the duty. Parish meetings are being held from one end of the county to the other for the purpose of memorialising the Lords of the Treasury upon the subject, and we feel convinced that as the objects of such meetings are car ried out unanimously, they will be more effective than meetings of a were pretending description.—Kentish Gearftr. LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER l4 1849, SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. DONCASTER RACES. DONCASTER, WEDNESDAY NIGHT.—The rain fell so heavily during the whole of the races, that in order to save the last train we were under the necessity of dis patching our parcel without the betting and the remarks on the St. Leger, and trust to the electric telegraph to supply a return of the last two races. We now give such particulars as are requisite to complete our account of the day's racing, &c. THE ST. LEGER. BETTING AT STARTING.-9 to 4on Flying Dutchman (taken freely)-15 to 1 agst Vatican-15 to 1 . sgst Nunnykirk-100 to 6 agst Old D.lll Tucker-20 to 1 apt Thringarth-35 to 1 agst Herbert—and 40 to 1 ag,t any other. After a delay of three or four minutes, arising from Honeycomb and Elthiron having broken away, a good start was effected, Saucy Dick taking the lead, followed by Herbert and Vatican, Old Dan Tucker and Thrin garth next, and in the rear Nunnykirk, Honeycomb, the Flying Dutchman, and Elthiron. The latter got into the ruck before they were over the gravel road, at the hill was fifth, and at the mile-post was in advance of Old Dan Tucker. Saucy Dick and Herbert maintained their positions to the Red-house turn, where they were beaten, the running being taken up by Vatican, the Dutchman waiting on him. At the distance the latter deprived Vatican of his lead, was clear of him at the Stand, and won in a canter by two lengths, amidst cheering loud and prolonged, from all parts of the course. Nunny kirk drew towards the leading horses at the turn, caught Vatican at the distance, and beat him for the second place by two lengths; Honeycomb, who came at the last, finishing a bad fourth. Elthiron was fifth, and Old Dan Tucker sixth. Run in 3 min. 20 secs. This is the third St. Leger Lord Eglinton has carried off, his previous successes having been with Blue Bon net in 1842, and with Van Tromp, half-brother of the Flying Dutchman, in 1847. This stake and the Derby has been won three times by the same horse, Surplice having won both last year, and Champion in 1800; Marlow alone has had the good fortune to ride the win ner in both races. The issue of the races is all against the fielders, for which reason there is not much to fear for the settling. Lord Eglinton's friends are " good winners," but the Noble Lord himself had only one bet on the race, having taken 60 to 5 that his horses were first and second. BETTING ON WEDNESDAY NIGHT. GREAT YORKSHIRE STAKES. 7to 2 agst Mrs. Taft I 9 to 2 agst Fernhill 10 to 1 apt CIESAIIE 12 to 1 agst Essedarius 16 to 1 agst St. Rosalia 18 to 1 agst Vatican 5 to 1 apt Thringarth 5 to 1 agst Psalmsinger t any other. :WITCII. 30 to 1 agst Glen Saddel 33 to 1 agst Fire •eater 40 to 1 agst Volcano (t) 25 to 1 skst Bon-mot 14 to 1 sgst Pitsford (t) 20 to 1 agst Cyprus (t) 40 to 1 agst Voltigeur 16 to 1 aist Italian (t) 17 to 1 apt Bro to Epirote _ TIIURSDAY. The settling took place this morning, and, as we anti cipated. went off satisfactorily. A meeting of the Town Council was held before the races, to take into consi deration a proposition from the Stewards that the suns voted by the Corporation, viz., 1,0001., should in future be free from all deductions; it was unanimously acceded to. Several alterations in the stakes and Cup are under consideration. The weather to-day has been favourable, the attend ance small, and the racing moderate, both in quantity and interest. Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 sous. each, h ft, with 50 added. Mile and a quarter. (13 Subs.) Lord Zetland's Castanette, ist 51b (G. Oates) 1 Mr. Lillie's Iron Duke, Bst 71b Mr. Baker na Pheasant, 7st 91b (Charlton) 3 7t04 on Iron Duke. Castanette made all the run ning, and won by four lengths. Run in 2 min. 22 sec. The Fitzwilliam Handicap Stakes of 5 soya. each, with 50 added. Red House in. (3 Subs.) Mr. B. Green's Westow,l 3 yrs, Bst 41b ( Wintringham) 1 Mr. Verner's the Recluse, 2 yrs, Est 41b (W. Sharp) 2 Colonel Anson's Oddity, 3 yrs, 6st 21b... (Charlton) 3 5 to 4 agst the Recleuse-7 to 4 agst Oddity—and 2 to 1 agst Westow. Won by four lengths. Run in 1 min. 18 sec. Scarborough Stakes, of 30 soya. each, 20 ft; one mile; (3 Subs.) Mr. Bowes's Thringarth received. The Great Yorkshire Handicap, of 25 Boys. each, 15 ft, and only 5, &c., with 200 added; the second to receive 100 boys. out of the stakes, the third to save his stake, and the winner to pay 30 soya. towards the expenses, and 5 soya. to the starter. St. Leger Course. (66 Subs., 42 of whom declared.) Mr. Meiklam's Snowstorm, 3 yrs, Ist 71b-51b extra 1 Sir J. Hawley's Fernhill, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b (Flatman) 2 Mr. Nevill's Letitia, 3 yrs, 4st 121 b The following also started, but were not placed:— Mr. S. L. Fox's Psalmsinger, aged, 7st 81b (Fenn) 0 Mr. Lawson's Keleshea, 5 yrs, 6st 101 b (W. Sharp) 0 Lord Chesterfield's Mrs. Taft, 4 yrs, Est Blb Lord Glasgow's Impertinence, c 4 yrs, 6st 41b 0 Mr. S. Hawkes's Miss Harrison, 4 yrs, 6st (Baaham) 0 Mr. Walter's Maid of Team Valley, 3 yrs, sst 121 b 0 Mr. Bowes's Thringarth, 3 yrs, sst 121 b (Charlton) 0 Lord Zetland's Castanette, 3 yrs, sst, carried sst 2lb 0 Betting-4 to 1 agst Fernhill, 9to 2 agst Mrs. Taft, 5 to 1 agst Snowstorm, 6 to 1 agst Psalmsinger, 7 to 1 agst Thringarth, 14 to 1 apt Castanette, 20 to 1 agst Letitia. Letitia made the running, followed by Mrs. Taft and Keleshea, Miss Harrison and Snowstorm lying up, This order continued to the lied House, where Fernhill and Snowstorm joined the leading horses, with whom they laid to the distance. Fernhill and Snowstorm then singled themselves out, and ran a fine race home, Snow storm winning by a head; Letitia a good third, _ and Castanette a bad fourth. Run in 3 min. 22 secs. Handicap Stakes of 10 sons. each, h ft, and .50 added; for two-yrs old. Red House in. (10 Subs.) Mr. B. Green's Witchcraft, 7st 41b (Fenn) 1 Mr. Scott's Lady Speedy, 6st 121 b (W. Sharp.) 2 Mr. Meik lam's French Susy, Tat 31b (Arnold) 3 Mr. Smyth's Goldfinch, Bst 71b (Butler) 4 Betting 10 to 6 agat French Susy-2 to 1 agat Witch craft-3 to 1 agst Goldfinch. Won by a neck. French Susy a bad third. Run in 1 min. 16 secs. The Foal Stakes of 100 soya. each, h It; for three yrs old colts, Bst 71b; and fillies, Sat 31b, winner of the St. Leger 51b extra. One mile and a half. (9 Subs.) Lord Eglinton'e The Flying Dutchman walked over. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) DONCASTER, FRIDAY MORNING. THE PARK• HILL STAKES. 7 to 4 on Lady Evelyn 3 to 1 agst Baroness THE CUP. Any odds on Canezou. CRICKET. MA.RYLEBONE CLUB AND GROUND v. NINE GENTLEMEN OF NORFVLIC WITH DAY AND GRUNDY. A greet treat was given to the admirers of the noble game of cricket, and others, on the princely domain of the Earl of Leicester, Holkham Hall, Norfolk. On Monday last a first-rate match commenced, finishing on Tuesday evening, between the above- named two parties. The weather being most lovely, a select and numerous party assembled each day, to witness the progress of the play. At the commencement great odds were in favour of the Marylebone, from their having won the match so easily at Swaff ham last week, yet the result of the first innings proved how soon judges may be deceived about this uncertain game. The Marylebone went in first, all being out for the very moderate score of 63; but no doubt the absence of the Hon. F. Ponsonby was felt, and was one cause of the falling off in the number, and probably through that the Norfolk Gentlemen gained more to theirs, those Gentlemen making 142, giving them a majority on the first innings of 79. This finished the first day's play. The gentlemen and players were then hospitably entertained at the Hall by Lord Leicester. On Tuesday morning the wickets were again pitched, the game re commencing at half-past eleven by the Marylebone going in for their second innings, the Hon. F. Ponsonby having joined them, who went in first with H. Vigne, Esq.; but they were soon parted, Grundy bowling out the latter-named gentleman without a run; the Hon. F. Ponsonby being run out for 6 runs; Colonel Liddell adding mono to the score; Dean but 2, when Chester went in and played in first-rate style, being joined by W. Kynaston, Esq. They soon made the score look more respectable; Harare, Esq., also getting a fair innings. But the three last were put out for three round o's, the number gained in their second innings being but 65,censequently the county of Norfolk won in one innings and 14 runs to. spare. MARYLIDOVE. First Innings. Second Innings. Lillywhite, b Grundy 0 not out Hartopp, Esq., c Morse, b Day 15 c Mor se , b Day ... 0 Dean, c and b Grundy ... 18 run out .. 2 Harenc, Esq., b Grundy 0 c Mor se , b G run d y ... 10 Chester, c Dolignon, b Grundy 1 c Grundy, b Day ... 15 Kynaston, Esq., c Knatchbull, b Day ...8 cKnatchbull,bGrundy2o lion. Cain Lydda% c • Anson, b Day ... •.•• 0 b Grundy ..„ .. 0 Mayne, Esq., b Grundy ... 6 c Lord L e i cester , b D a y 0 Keate, Esq., run out ... 12 at Anson 2 Vigne, Eaq., not out ... 0 b Grundy ... 0 lion. F. Ponsonby absent run out ... ... 6 Byes, 3 ; wide balls, 0 ... 3 Byes, 9, wide ball, 1... 10 COUNTY OF NOZFOLN. let innings. Lord Leicester, c Lillywhite, b Dean Morse, Esq., b Lillywhite ••• Grundy, b Dean ... ••• ••• Day, b Chester ... "' - French, Esq., 1 b w, b Dean Knatchbull, Esq., b Lillywhite Dolignon, Esq., c Lillywhite, b Chester Anson, Esq., b Chester ••• Alickelthwaite, Esq., not cut ... T. Townley, Esq., b Chester ••• Alarcon, Esq., b ilarenc ••• Byes 1, wide balls 2 65 .. 16 . 32 . 32 ...39 142 THE SAILORS' HOME.—Yesterday a meeting of the Board of Directors of this excellent Institution was held at the house in Wells-street, London-docks, to transact general business ; Admiral Bowles, C. 8., M.P., in the chair. The report stated that the eighth and last dor mitory of the " Home " has been completed, at an ex pense of 4201. ss. 9d., the whole amount of which was most generously defrayed by her Majesty the Queen Dowager. During the past year 112 ships have been manned from the " Home, and 4,633 boarders have been received, making a total since its institution of 41,992 seamen. The Earl of Carlisle has arrived in town from his seat, Nawortb Castle, Northumberland. The Earl of Minto is staying on a visit with Lord and tscly John Renal st roaknote Lodge, Richumairsrk. • - CHOLERA AN:1) DIARRHOEA. RETURN OF CASES. SErr. 13. THE METROPOLIS. BITPERINTRNDING REGMTRA.R'S DISTRICT. Deaths. Attacks. Cholera. Diarrb. WEST DISTRICTS. Kensington ... Chelsea... St. George, Hanover-square ... Westminster ... St. Martin-in-the-Fields St. James, Westminster -- NORTH DISTRICTS. ••• - 3 1 2 0 S 0 ••• - 5 0 0 0 3 •• ••• 0 •• ••• 2 1 ••• ••• 5 1 Marylebone Hampstead ... St. Pancras ... Islington Hackney ••• 2 2 CENTRAL DISTRICTS. St. Giles ... Strand ... 11 ol born Union Clerkenwell St. Luke East London ... West London City of London EAST DISTRICTS. ihoreditch Bethnal-green Whitechapel ... ... St. George-in- the- East Stepney ... •• • Poplar ... ... ... ... ... -- 15 3 ... •.• - 8 4 - 5 1 - 2 0 - 6 1 5 4 BOUT7I DISTRICTS. St. Saviour, Southwark St. Olave Bermondsey „• ••• St. George, Southwark Newington, Surrey Lambeth ... Wandsworth ... Camberwell Rotherhithe Greenwich Lewisham ••• ... • •- r ' •••• ••• ••• ••• Total ... ... ••• THE COUNTRY. Attach. Liverpool ... Merthyr Tydvil Clifton ••• Carmarthen ••• Swansea Portsea Salisbury Warrington ... Tynemouth Brighton ••• Neath ..• ••• West Ham ... Bradford and North Bierley Sculcoates Bristol .•• ••• ••• Gravesend and Milton St. Germans Rochford Prescot Dover Leeds ... ••• Hunslet .•• ••• Hastings Nantwich ••• ••• Wolverhampton and Siesdon Bridgwater ... Barnstaple ••• South Shields ... Halifax ••• ••• Shepton Mallet ..• Hull Salford... Nottingham ... Bolton •11F. ••• Burnley ••• ••• Worcester Preston ••• ••• Wellington, Shropshire Madelcy Manchester ... Gainsborough Ashton-under-Lyne Abingdon ~, Aiderbury „ „, Great Broughton (Chester) ... Birmingham ... „, Bedminster ... „, Barnard Castle ••• ••• Barnet ... ..• ••• •.. Basingstoke ... Bedford •••. • •••' Biggleswade ... Blackburn ... „, Coventry ••• ••41 ••• Chorlton Croydon and Mitcham •-••• Cockermouth, Workington (Aug. 10 to Sept. 11) Chester-le-Street Chesterfield ... Chesterton ... Chelmsford ... Chertsey ... Cookham Chorley Dudley ... Dartford ... Doncaster ... Edmonton ... Eceleshall Bierlow Ellesmere Eton ... ••• ...• •1D • ..... Ill• ..'... ••• ..-. ••• ..... • • • .-•• ••• Exeter Faversham Goole ... Gateshead ... Hexham ... Havant ... Hertford (op to Sept. 12) Horsham ... ... Ipswich ... ... Margate Kingston (Surrey) Liskeard Lampeter ... ... Llanelly ... ... Leicester Milton ... ... Mutford ... • 441 ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ..... 213 32 Deaths. Cholera. Dlarrh. 13 0 1 0 Total ... ... ... .. 579 SCOTLAND. Dundee ••• ••• St. Andrew's ... Arbroath ... Kinnoull, Perth ••• ••• Cups!. Angus (from Sept. 4)... Hawick ••• ••• ••• Beith „, ,„ Stirling ••• ••• ••• Dunfermline ... ••• Perth ... Haddington (Aug. 18 to Sept. 4) „ (Sept. 4to Sept. 12) ••• ...... Total •• • •• • •• • - 60 0 General total:— Metropolis ... 213 32 Country ... ... 579 108 Scotland ... ... 60 0 General total ... Note.—The number of attaeks reported by the union officers are—for the metropolis 417, and for the country 769; but their returns do mot, in general, comprehend the cases that are treated by medical men i❑ private practice. We are happy to find that the epidemic, which has been making such fearful ravages in the metropolis, ap pears to have passed its climax, and to be now on the decline, the returns for the last three days exhibiting a progressive decline. The deaths on Monday were 454, on Tuesday 314, and on Wednesday 213 only, being less than one-half of the mortality of Monday. This cheer ing result is doubtless attributable to the recent change of the weather from dry oppressive heat to wet and cold, as also in part to the better-advised sanitary mea sures lately adopted. The following are the Regis trar-General's returns of deaths from cholera and diarrhoea:— CHOLERA. Tues. Wed. Sept. Sept. 11th. 12th. 37 19 22 12 40 22 55 41 160 119 DlARlHaill. Tues. Wed. Sept. Sept. 11th. 12th. 7 2 5 4 2 5 13 13 19 8 West Districts North Districts Central Districts ... East Districts South Districts ... Total ... 314 213 46 32 HOSPITAL.—On Friday next, being St. Matthew's Day, the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriffs, with the governors of the several royal hos pitals, will attend divine service at Christ Church, New gate-street, where a sermon will be preached by the Rev. William Romanis, M.A., one of the masters of Cheltenham College; after which they will repair to the Great Hall, in Christ's Hospital, where orations, on the benefits of the royal hospitals, will be delivered, accord ing to annual custom, by the four senior scholars, who are about to proceed to the University of Cambridge, in Latin, by Lawrence Craven; in English, by Hermann C. Heilbronn; in French, by G. H. Croad; in Greek, by Thomas Holbrow. Eight poems will also be recited by the other senior scholars, via , an Alcaie Ode, on Nineveh, by A Sweeting; a Greek lambic Translation, from Milton's "Samson Agonistes," by C. S. Townsend; Latin llexameters, on the Death of Julius Csesar, by U. W. Brown; Latin Elegiacs, on Jephtha's Vow, by 11. D. Sweeting; Greek Sapphics, on the Spanish Armada, by H. C. P. Jones; Latin Hexameters, a Translation from Goldsmith's " Travellsr," by L. IL Lidbetter; Latin Sapphics, on the "Emigrant," by G. Bc11; an English poem, on the Shores of the Mediterranean, by J. Gill. A TRAIN STOPPED BY A BULLOCS.-011 Tuesday last a passenger train running on the Maryport and Car lisle Railway, while on its way towards Whitebaven, came in contact with a bullock belonging to Mr. Robin son, of Moorthwaite, farmer, which had got over the fence and gone upon the line. The shock of the collision caused greal alarm among the passengers, many of whom leaped out of the carriages and were more or less bruised, though none were seriously injured. Two or three of the carriages were throwa off the rails. The bullock was killed on the spot.—Cursierlang Pa quit. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THY MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. TlMES—There is a very old and very general opinion that a holyday ought to be a holyday. A task spoils a vacation almost as much as a dead fly does the apothecary's ointment. There is a time for all things— a time for business and a time for recreation; and though we have lately been remarking upon the general deser tion of posts under the present calamity, that was be cause the present calamity would not wait for the meet ing of Parliament, or the re-assemblage of her Majesty's Ministers. Mr. Disraeli, however, happily for his com {fort and health, is not a Minister, and m a y t a k e a h o lyd a y without harm to a metropolis or a nation. Possessed of this blessed immunity, we think he has done wrong in rushing into politics so soon as the 12th of September. There has only just been a fortnight's partridge shooting, and it wants another fortnight for pheasants. Everybody who can is availing him self of the advice tendered to nervous people by a kind hearted contemporary, and enjoy ing the sea-shore or the down. Such is the stagnation of affairs that but for Mrs. Manning, the cholera, or Lola Monies, and Captain Pitman, we should almost despair of filling our columns with readable matter. All at once silence is broken by a long Parliamentary speech from Mr. Disraeli to a table of Buckinghamshire agri culturists. Parliamentary we call it because it is nothing else, and because it gives the history of a debate, pro misee a seven years' agitaion, and is all about rates and statistics. Otherwise it is neither one thing nor another; a task done in a holiday, and rather a dull performance; for all work and no play makes even Ben a dull boy. The truth is that the Hon. Member for Buckingham shire was evidently labouring under a difficulty, and could not hit the right tone. That meruing he had been assisting at a ploughing match, at the distribution of prizes, and at what is called the ordinary business of the ' society. Then there came an excellent 2 o'clock dinner pro- Tided by Mrs. Bennett, to which SO gentlemen sat down in a room at the George. The " dinner" was followed by the usual loyal and routine toasts, and by the time the author O " Coningsby" had stood enough, eaten enough, seen enough, and heard enough to give him a premonitory sensation of the prevailing epidemic, he found himself suddenly called on to speak. The result is natural enough. Ho was never less equal to himself. The whole speech exhibits prostration and collapse. It is slipshod, incoherent, fallacious, and even dull. Ono perceives that Mr. Disraeli, like everybody else, wants a distinguished audience, an accomplished reader, and a vigilant antagonist to keep him up to his mark. O'Connell had two languages —one fur the mob, and another for the House ; so has Cobden; so has Mr. Disraeli, and almost everybody else. The eighty gen tlemen at the George were prepared to take for gospel everything their Member chose to say; and, under the circumstances, it was but natural he should address himself to their docile capacity. Mr. Disraeli attempts to ring a new change on the old watchword of his party, which he now explains to mean everything or nothing. I " I remember that this society was originally formed, in ' the first place, for the protection of agriculture ; and, although politics are very properly excluded from our meetings, I hope I am not departing from the rules when I say that it was for the protection of agriculture, whether from extreme and unlimited competion or from legislative restrictions ; for I take it for granted that every gentleman here whatever his political feelings may be, is of opinion that agriculture should be protected," In this brief sentence four different meanings are assigned to the word pro tection-1, that which it might happen to bear in the original documents of the Royal Bucks Agricultural Association; 2. security from unlimited competition; 3, fair play, or freedom from special burdens; 4, the sense in which all the members of the above association, of whatever political opinion or party they may be, now ask for protection. Stich ambiguity will not do in politics. We aro ready to use the word'' protection " in its gene ral dictionary sense, just as we might recommend trades men to combine for their common protection from swindlers, or all people to protect themselves from cold or from rain. If any class finds itself actually robbed and oppressed, whether by the nation or by any private enemy, by all means let it unite for its protection. The word, however, has always been used in a very different sense in the political world, and when Mr. Disraeli claims the liberty of using it so as to embrace the old political sense and a new unpolitical sense, he is entrapping himself and his followers in a knot of equivocations. The history of the last few years is enough to show the necessity of a clear understanding in these matters. The Buckinghamshire yeomen have only one idea of protection, and if Mr. Disraeli permits them to think that he holds it too, he will some day find it hard work to undeceive them. But what we chiefly regret in this speech is the wholesale in• accuracy Mr. Disraeli commits in the reference to his motion for the reduction of the burdens on agriculture. To that motion we gave a cor dial though qualified support, and we are still of opinion that Mr. Disraeli succeeded in proving that agriculture does not now receive altogether fair usage in this coun try. We cannot, however, pass without protest such sweeping statements as the following, for they can only damage the cause they are intended to serve:—" While the agricultural population of England contributed their fair quota to the 50,000,0001. general taxation, they also paid a second revenue equal to 12,000,0001., from which other classes were exempt." Now, Mr. Disraeli himself, in the debate he refers to, sufficiently explained that the second revenue was paid, nut by the agriculturists alone, but by all the owners of real property. The hardship was, that whereas this second taxation was for objects of general necessity, it was paid only on real property, which is not more than a third or a fourth of the whole property of the country; and further, that although land does nut constitute more than halt the real property of the country, yet it pays much more than half the rates and other burdens on real property, inasmuch as agricultural districts are much more heavily rated than others. Mr. Disraeli could do no more than state the outlines of the case, and give some illustrations; as, for example, that 100,000/. in vested in the soil of Buckinghamshire paid more poor- rate, church -rate, land-tax, and other public charges, than the same sum invested in Manchester. The demon stration, and, still more, the exact apportionment of the 1 greater burden borne by agriculture, aas a matter of detail, into which he invited inquiry. All this was just and true; and we have since repeatedly defended Mr. Disraeli from the charge of forgetting there were other kinds of real property besides land. We cannot defend him now. Be has, unfortunately, justified the accuse tion we speak of. Throughout the whole of his speech he gives his constituents to understand that agriculture pays the whole of this second revenue. Such is the inaccuracy, or the unscrupulousness, which naturally arises when a man discusses a grave and difficult question under circumstances which do not compel care. How, otherwise, aro we to account for the reiterated statement, that this second revenue of 12,000,000 L "is raised by the farmers of England?" But the practical suggestion which winds up the speech, and to which Mr. Disraeli seems to attach considerable importance, is even more reprehensible than his inac curate calculation. He proposes to equalize the land tax all over the country by levying Is. 6d. in the pound on the letting value of the whole surface. The product be estimates at 5,000,000/. " Well, then," he prooeeds, "what shall we do with it? What I propose as a remedy is this, that the 5,000,000/. should form a sinking fund, not a borrowed, but a real sinking fund, which, safely in hand, would, in less than ten months, raise Console above par, and thus enable landlords to borrow money to apply to their land at 3 per cent., instead of paying, as they now do, 4 and 4i per cent. Then the farmer would go to his banker or :neighbour and obtain from him, at a reasonable rate, the capital he required for the improvement of the soil. There, gentlemen, is your remedy—equal taxation, and cheap capital." To the readers of the Times it must be quite unnecessary to make any comments on this scheme. Indeed, it would be an insult to Mr. Disraeli's intelligence to suppose that he had given it a ten minute's consideration before he propounded it the gentlemen at the George. Should he now give it that consideration, he will speedily dis cover that the philosophy of the money-market, vulgar as it may be, is not exactly a subject for political im promptu. CHRONICLE.—The sentence of the court-martial upon Commander Pitman, of her Majesty' s ship Childers, may be consistent with poetical justice, as it doubtless is with the rules and practice of naval jurisprudence; but, taken in connexion with the circumstances that preceded the trial, it will probably excite, in the minds of those who have not perused the evidence, some feelings of surprise, if not of dissatisfaction. The proceedings emanated, as our readers will remember, from two indi duals who had deserted from the ship about six weeks before, and who were proved, by an inquiry which took place on that occasion, to have borne a very indifferent character in the service. Both were shown, we were told, upon the concurrent evidence of the first-lieutenant, the purser, and the acting surgeon, to have been ad dicted to habits of drunkenness ; and one of the two, Lieutenant Graham, is stated, upon the same testimony, to have been repeatedly guilty of falsehood. The prose • cution, except so far as it might tend to whitewash the deserters in the public estimation, was, of course, of a purely vindictive character. Graham and Elliott, by their own fault—extenuated, it might be, by the faults of their commanding officer had bid farewell to their professional prospects, and they were determined to have their revenge by ruining Captain Pitman in return. The - motives of the accusers, however, be they what they may,do not, it is true, disqualify them from bringing their case before a court of justice, and they raise no presumption, or a very slight one, in fa vour of the accused. Yet we must own that we should have been better satisfied had the episode been ofess uniformly tragic character—had Graham and ElliottE fr i om not been expelled the service for running Captain Pitman, or had Captain Pitmananot suffered a similar penalty for misconduct which c m c n be thought to offer some palliation for the delinquency t is le ) o ' commander Graham and f Elliott. The charges brought a the Childers was threefold. First, he was accused of general cruelty and oppression towards the men under Alof making false entries in the hi s command ; second f, log-book ; and thirdly, of a false expenditure of the ship's stores. The t wo last char g es were f ully made out—and very grave charges they undoubtedly are. C a ptain Pitman, it seems, navigated his own s hip f or two days in the Chinese seas, at the end of which time she ran aground upon a shoal. lie appears to have completely mistaken his whereabouts, and under that false impression to have made entries in pencil in the log, which he afterwards altered in ink so as to correspond more nearly (though, as ' Mr. Elliott maintains, still far from accurately) with the ship's real course. With respect to the third head, we find that a main-topsail and a hammock-cloth washed overboard were respectively entered in the expense• book as ex pended, though both were afterwards recovered. The sail, which was damaged, but not destroyed, by its sub mersion, was cut up by the captain's orders, and applied to the various purposes for which spare canvass is wanted on board ship; the hammock-cloth did duty in its pris tine capacity for two years afterwards, though somewhat the worse for 'NIL The balk of tits evidence, lowsv•r, relates to the head of cruelty and oppression, which alone could furnish any excuse for the desertion of the two prosecutors, and in establishing which, as it appears to us, they were not equally successful. It consisted, in part, of loose statements of opinion, on which it was im possible for the Court to act without manifest impropriety. One officer thought Captain Pitman "inconsistent and severe." Another considered him "strict." A third en tertained no opinion on the subject. The practice of ornamenting the heads of the ship's boys with a copper funnel, by way of an imitation of a foolscap—a favourite mode of correction with Captain Pitman—does not seem to call for any severe punishment. The heavy wooden clog sometimes substituted—which we hesitate whether to pronounce a plagiarism from the Chinese, or an adap tation from the ingenious Jeffrey Gambado—must have been, if less ignominious, far more uncomfortable. Of the specific instances alleged, one or two will not bear a close examination. White, a private of Marines, being found dirty at quarters, was sent forward to scrub him. self. Mr. Elliott says that he heard Captain Pitman threaten him (White) with a flogging. This the accused denies. Be this as it may, White walked forward under the charge of one of his comrades, disappeared for a moment under a soil, and directly afterwards was found to have jumped, or fallen, overboard. He was seen to strike out, as if swimming, and a host was lowered to pick him up, but without success. White had been heard to say that rather than be flogged he would drown himself, and it was surmised that he had jumped overboard to avoid the threatened four dozen. Whether he had really done so or not, had ob viously no bearing on the case; the question was, whether the punishment was really threatened, and whether, if so, the act of threatening it was an act of cruelty anal oppression. The same observation applies to the case of the marine Haig. Haig was flogged, as Captain Pits man says, for repeated thefts, and was afterwards kept on the gratings, and made to sleep under the forecastle. Haig had fractured his skull some years before—a T em stance of which the captain says he knew nothing until the punishment was over. He afterwards went mad. Whether his derangement was in any degree attributable to his punishment whilst on board the Childers does not appear —nor is it necessary that it should; all that the Court had to decide was, whether the punishment was ex cessive in proportion to the offence. Other cases of alleged cruelty, on which the prosecutors rely (one of which —that of the boy Cloverton—reminds us, it must bo owned, disagreeably of certain distiches in Crabbe's " Peter Grimes"), show pretty clearly that Captain Pitman was a man of warm, if not violent temper, and, to use the mildest term, a severe disciplinarian; but they are not, in our judgment, so carefully sifted as to war rant us in saying that they prove anything more. Cap tain Pitman, dismissed from the service, is of course a ruined man. Whether the evidence was sufficient to warrant so severe a sentence may perhaps appear ques tionable to such of our non-professional readers as are inclined to think more of the hardship to the individual, and less of the exigencies of the service, than the judges of a court-martial. But, be this as it may, we cannot refrain from observing that the prosecutors have tailed to establish a single act of oppression or cruelty towards themselves individually, and that they return to Exeter gaol without having produced any justification whatever for the breach of duty which sent them thither. --- HERALD.—Notwithstanding all the efforts of Pre sident Bonaparte, and the needy adventurers and adven turing clique by whom he is surrounded, to get up an imperial cry, or an imperial demonstration—notwith standing all the efforts of the President himself, as puffer general and speechmaker to various railroads—notwith standing the President's power of locomotion and digestion as a diner-out of the first magnitude, in various departments, east, west, north, end south—the indus trious efforts of the early Italian revolutionist, of the Swiss soldier, of the conspirator of Strasburg and Bou logne, and of the prisoner of Ham, have been hitherto unsuccessful, and he still continues plain, unaristocratie Citizen Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, President of the French Republic, and not Louis Napoleon 1., Emperor of the French. The councils •general of the eighty-six departments, from whom the Ministerial morning paper, and that paper's French correspondent, expected so much, have been discreetly and ominously silent, and not one among them all has ventured to recommend, as we were told would be the case, the doffing of the title of First Citizen and President, and the assumption of the Imperial purple, by a man very willing to divest himself of the one, and very eager and ready to wear the other. In fact, the game of empiro has been, as we predicted it would be, a decided failure ; and now the President, to recover the ground which he had lost by a leaning to pure Carlism, as a stepping-stone, and by the sending of the French army to Rome, is actually obliged to retrace his Imperial and Autocratic steps, and to write liberal and anti-Papistical letters to M. Edgar Ney—is obliged to lean, not on the devout M. de Falloux and the priest party, but on that honest, incorruptible, and conscienti ous man Dufaure, the ablest administrator and best man of business that France has produced in our day. They who calculate that France is, in the year of our Lord 1149, about to retrograde—is about to abet a slavish or sacerdotal dominion at Rome, calculate without their host. The man, or the Ministry, who could, would, or should abet such a dominion, would, notwithstanding the suspension of the Constitution, be sent to the right-about as speedily and much more ignominiously than either Charles 1. or the Monarch of the Barricades. It is rot because M. Thiers and the Constitutionnel have not seen this would inevitably occur, that the thing is not true. Except as a party and a pampheteer writer of great vigour and pungency, and as a clear conversational and, occasionally, ad captandum speaker, M. Thiers is the most over-rated man in Europe, not even except ing our own darling pink of sit.c, rity and can dour, the right h, nourable the pseudo planter of Connaught. Though holding a brilliant and facile pen, M. Thiers has, on every occasion, showed himself to have been without political judgment or foresight, to be ignorant of the present, and to grossly miscalculate the future. When, in addition to this Rant of perspi cacity, it is to be remembered that the little man is now steeped to the very lips in all sorts of intrigue, his errors of judgment, natural or prepense, are not in the h ast to be wondered at. Be this, however, as it mac—let the Carlist, Louis Philippiet, Orleanisr, Joinrilli , Mont pensier, Buonapartist, or Imperialist intrigues be what they may, oue fact is only clear, and that is, that the French nation will not tolerate a reactionary policy in reference to Rome, or an imperial policy in ref. rence to France. The one and the other are connexive and con sentaneous. Whatever certain daily and weekly Lon ' don newspapers may say, and for a will understood cause, about Hungary, the battle of continental and Italian freedom is to be really fought at Rome. Wa were not insensible to the importance of the struggle going on in Hungary, but in many respects we did not sympathise with that struggle, and in all respects we stood aloof from the corrupt influence so extensively applied by Hungarian diplomatists, not merely in London but in the provinces. But those who were loudest about Hungary made little noise about Rome, and suffered the cause not merely of freedom and free opinion, but of the emancipation of the human mind, to perish for a time in the Eternal City. But freedom is not yet dead in Rome—it only sleepetb, and we have that confidence in the omnipotence of truth, that we are sure before 1850 shall have passed over our heads the era of pontiffs and inquisitors will have perished for ever in the Eternal City. The editor of the French Journal des Debuts is good enough to call us an ultra- Conservative journal, and to intimate that we prodi giously exaggerate, if we do nut misrepresent, the benefits conferred on Rome by the Roman Triumvirate. Now, admitting to the full extent the "soft impeach ment" of Conservatism, we deny that in Conservatism or in anything else we are ultra. Our aim is not—like our Ministerial contemporary the limes—to follow and flatter the trade wind of popular opinion, but to be in advance of it. We have ever thought that the best way to do away with seditious is to remove the causes of them, and ho in our m ind o is the best Conservativ e r s ll : st and the soundest Protootin who the e an d d earliest reformer. In such sort we have given our feeble support to Mazzini, to Armellini, to Saffi, to Rusconi, and other Roman patriots. Though the worthy editor of the Dibat.• is greatly our senior in years, and is a man of very varied accomplishments, yet we deny that he has had the opportunity of knowing Italy or Rome that it has fallen to our lot to possess. For more than twenty years we have personally known Armellini—for more than a quarter of a century, from our very boyhood, we have known public opinion in Rome—and we are prepared to maintain that the trium virate in 1849 proclaimed no principles or views of publis affairs that bad not prevailed and found acceptance in 1524.5 amen the instructed classes—proclaimed no principles that were not professed and combatted for by M. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, himself an Italian—a Ro man rebel, in 1831 and 1332. As to M. Mazzini, we know nothing of him personally, and are only acquainted with his characters by his public acts and by report. But from his public acts, state papers, and negotia tions, we judge him not merely to be a man of honour n.of and honesty, but of the very highest capacity, d large and statesmanlike views. With Maz ainiw a ae t _ a feel that France committed an atrocious an d unjust c violation not merely of common justice he an E d o e m qu a i n ty,but kn of the law of nations, in underta g expe dition. France played in Italy with infinitely less tpre tence—with infinitely less reason — the part of Russia in Poland—anat Mil andof v Russiae Ven i c e —o f e a and A us tria Austria in at Bologna, Hungary—of Ancona, Aust r ia and Fer rara. If George C annin g had lived in our day, even Vi s count Castlereagh , or Sp encer P e rceval , any or one of these statesmen would have comprehended the g oing on at Rome when the Triumvirs were in gr eat tribune of the people, either like F ox OPsrtorwSueghrge A Sheridan, idan, would have caused the very stones of West minster and London to mutiny against any unworthy apathy of the English people in reference to that strug gle. _ But in 1849 we are without gteat Ministers. The principle for which Mazzini and Armellini struggled, whatever it was in name, was a Protestant principle, in essence, for it was the struggle of free opinion against spiritual tyranny and despotism —of light against dark ness. For the moment Malzini and Armellini have been unsuccessful—the Inquisition has been established, the gaols have been filled—secret tribunals are insti tuted, priests and cardinals monopolise all employments, and the scrip and securities of the Triumvirs are de preciated and run down. But unless the French army sustain these enormities by despotically dragonadiug the Italian citizens, the gorge of the Roman people Is sure, sooner or later; to rise again, arid cardinals and priests will be ultimately, and at no distant day, expell , d —never to return. It, however, the French army submit to become the Swiss of a r eactionist Pope, th e people of France will en revanche rise both . against President slid army, au dre b t y lre a s li s ththeec b h a a l n a g n a c r e ni t e n rs th a e n i d r own peculiar and sum mar y wa y —notwithstandin g the p rov ision made and vau nted Rulhierea of our day. G RE AT NORTH Or SCOTLAND RAILWAT.—The Duke of Richmond and other landed proprietors inte rested in the construction of this line from Aberdeen through Elgin Forres and Nairn to Inverness held a meeting a few days since at Gordon Castle, with the view of carrying the project into almotion. I of.