The Sun. — London, England, 1820-03-31 00:00:00

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GENTLEMEN, THE period has Arrived when, without Aban doning my duty to the County at large, I feel myself justified in witArawing from a Contest which has assumed character in which defeat is not aceonipahied with cEs ,stace. }lad I not afforded you the fullest opportunity to come for ward in support Of those political principles which it has ever .been my pride to maintain, I shoulAl have made an inade- Auate return for the honour you have conferred on me by constituting me your Representative in tour successive Par liaments ; but when three days only remain to conclude the Election, and when I cannot _possiblyotlatter myself, in that short interval, to overcome the majority against me, a fur ther,persevcraare in the contest might justly merit your dis approbation. I feel a't,,rood gratification in itaving been honoured with the unprecedented number of 1959 single Votes, and in the tear persuasion that but for an unexpected and inconsistent coalition of persons and parties, I should have been at the head of the Poll. The triumpl► of my Opponents, as it is founded on no solid •taion of principle, cannot possibly be of long duration.— ' Tiheit• political view', essentially different from each other, are both egos!'!: in opposition to the best interests of the kingdom, and to the sentiments of that large and respectable portion of the Electors, whose cause I was the humble means of rescuing in IsOfi from the thraldom of an overbearing Faction. To the 3078 Freeholders whose votes record their approba tion of my Parliamentary conduct, I beg to offer my most grateful thanks. To those zealous friends who have assisted ate in this arduous struggle, I feel a deep and indelible obli gation. Fur the County, with which I have been so long and closely connected, I shall ever cherish sentiments of the warm est attachment ; and, with on anxious wish for its prosperity, and a zealous desire at all times, and under all circumstances, to promote its hest interests, I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, Your devoted and faithful Servant, WILLIAM 11LELLISH. Bush-hill Park, March SO, 1320. STATE OF THE POLL. Me 3073 4004 Whit bread ........... .. 335,5 VOCAL CONCEItTi. SE( OND sUIt*ICRIPTION. ArESSRS. BARTLEMAN, C KYVVETT, KNYVETT, anti GIIEATOREX, having been iulicited by numerous Fried , ts, ,VllO were unavoidably absent tit the ConnucnCell;CTlt of the Season (on account of the (.4,- feral Election), to receive Subscriptions for the last FOUR CONCERTS, in obedience to such reodest. the tiropose to open a Subser:ption for that notobei , to COMNI . F.tiCE at the NEW ROOM s, BANOVER-SaiiARE, on FRIDAY, the )4111 of APitlb, and terminate on FRIDAY, the sth of MAY. Terms of Anbseriptioo—Two GUINEAS AND A HALF. Tickets transferable in Families, Ladies' to Ladies, and Uentlemen to Gentlemen. Subscriptions receivcd, and Tickets delivered, at Bircball and Co.'s, New Bond-street, and at the Regent's Harnsonic Institution. The nuniher will be liruited, su as Dot to incon-, veniemee the present Subscribers. Bransu FILE OFFICE, Loudon, 30th March, 1F23. NOTICE it; hereby given, that a GENERAL COURT of PROPRIETORS will be holden at thrir ,CFVECE in the Strand, on ‘VEDNESDAY, the sth day of Aped next, at 'twelve o'Clock at noon, for the ELEcrION •of YOUR InitEcToßs I!, succeed those Gentlemen retitinz by 11.,01t;9n ; and also for the ELECTION of TUREE AuDyroii.s for the year encuing, RICHARD BARNES, Sec. The Chair will be taken at one o'Clock precisely. ALL PRIZES !ITU APRIL. CARROLL, the CONTRACTOR, begs most earnestly to impress on the public mind the advantage of purchasing lEFOItE the I ith of APRIL, for ON THAT DAY Only Two Thousand Tickets will he Drawn, EACH TO RECEIVE 301. And then to have, IN ADDITION, the same chance When the drawing begins on the 27th April, as if it had not already been drawn a Prize of 301.; therefore, on the nth April an Adventui er MAY GET A PRIZE, BUT CANNOT NAVE A BLANK The Scheme contains 102 CAPITAL ['RAZES, including FOUR . s of 30,0061. 120,000i. TWO 20,0001. 40,0001. TWO lO,OOOl. 20,0001. &c. In all 303,5001. in Money and Consols, including an EXTRA SUM of FORTY THOUSAND I) , 'UNDS, which CARROLL, the Contractor, has added to the Prize Money, by permis sion of Government. TICKETS and SIIARES are selling at cAnßows For tunate Offices, No. 19, CORNIIII.I,, and OXFORD STREET; where he Sid in the last fere Months, 2,387 / .30,000 11,315 706 2I,OUJ I 7,004, 5,000 BRITISH PAINT MANUFACTORY. UPTON .1,1 cO. 62, QU E EN-ST R EET, CHEAPSJ DE, LONDON. Cbt p, Durable, an - Impenetrable per Clint. 40% 70, per Cwt Black 564 . . White . 40s Yellow 3tis ...late and Lead Col , ,urs 48s Prepared Oii to ti,iu fcr use . per Nall. 4s Gd Invisible Green p Olive Green Fine deep Green 1 Ni Dark Red • 26; Bright Red 36s Chocolate 40s Stone Colour 4ris Liiiiieed Oil, Turpentine, and Colours of Every Description. These Paints are very or,4amental, and way be Witt great advantage to All the purposes t-,f uscfitl Painting, inside and (Mt; where a handsome appearance, storability, and economy, are considerations. For P,- - .rk Pubm ; s, Out Stucco anti Plaster Fronts, and Woed St Ulld shipping purposes, they arii peculiarly adapted, as they resist/the effects - of Weather in an unusual ,Ity,ree, and are. a cure fur t Worm and , Dry Rot. Ti,e - y• sur fkce nearly twice as great as (+then Ptirc s. Plird with little trouble, requiring only to ..f t Isinsetil or Prepated Oil. Rtfated. Coal Tar Brown 20s, per cwt. 1H • s • FRIDAY, MARCH 31, M2O. SPEECH Oil MR. 'CANNING AT THE DINNER OF His FRIRNDS AT LIVEAPOOL, MARCH le, I X2O. GENTLFMEN—Short as the interval is Since I last !net you in this place on a similar ccaiion, th e .events which have filled up that interval have not been unimpurtiont. The great moral disease ►vhich we theu talked rat as gaining ground on the community, has, since that period, arrived at its most e,xtratri.)gant height ; 80, since that period teinedirS have been applied to it, it not of permanent cure, at least of temporary Gentlemen, ,%Viai respect to those remedies,. I incan with respect to the trausactiorrs of the last short Session of Parliament previous . to the dis solution, I feel that .- it is my duty, as your Repre sentative, to render to you some account of the part which I took in Ant assembly to which'you de puted inc i I tee! . JtAty Auty so:, as '4l M ember of the Giiirirfitli : eliEbY'vihich those measures were •advised. •Upon occasions of such trying exigen cies as those which we have lately experienced, I hold it to be of the very essence of our free andH popular Constitution, that an unreserved inter chonge of sentiment should take place bet‘Veen the Representative and his Constituents ; 'and if it accittentany happens, that he who addresses you as your it:presentative, stands also io the situa tion of a responsible adviser of the Crown, 1 re co4trise in that occurrence a rare one indeed, a not less striking or lesi valuable peculiarity of that reviled Constitution under e,hich we iaave the happiness to live : by which a Minisier of the Crown is brought into contact the great body of the community god the service of the King is strewn to be a part of the service of the People. Gen - lemen, it has been one advantage of the transactions of the last Session of Parliament, that while they were addressed to meet the evils . which had grown out of charges heaped upon the Howse of Cifintnons, they have also, in - .a great measure, falsified the charges themselves. 1 would appeal to the recollection of eve; y man who now hears me, of any the most careless estimator of public sentiment, or the most indifferent specta tor o r public events, whether any country, in any two epcbs, however distant, of its history, ever presented such a contrast with itsult as his cou try in November 1819, and this country in January 1820 What was the situation of the country in No vember 1819 ?—Do I exaggerate when I say, that there was not a mart of property who did not tremble for his possessiont..? :hat there was .not a man of retired and peaceable habits who did not (remble for the tranquillity and security of his' nom:: ) that there was not a man of orderly and religions principles who did not fear that those principles were about to be cut from under the feet at succeeding generations ) Was there any mart who did no, rear that the :',rown was in dan ger ? Was there any man attached to the other branches of the Constitution who did not eon tempiate, apprehension and dismay. the rapid and, apparently, irresistible diffusion of doctrines hostile to the very existence of Parliament as at resent constituted, and calculated to excite not hatred and contempt merely, but open and audaci ous force, especially against the House of Com mons ?—What is, in these respects, the situation the count!) , now ) Is there a man of property who does nct feel the tenure by which he bolds his possessions to be stren gt h ene d Is there a wan o f peace who does not feel his domestic tran quillity to hare been secured ? Is there a man ot. moral and religious principles who does not look forward with better hope to see his children edu cated in those principles % who does not look , with renewed confidence to the revival and went of that moral and religious sense which had been attempted to be obliterated from the hearts of markind ? Welt, Gentlemen, and what has intervened be tween the two periods ? A calling of that de graded Parliament, a meeting of that scoffed-et and delided House of Commons, a concurrence of those three branches of au imperfect Consfitu-e lion, not one of which, it we are to believe the Radical Reformers, lived in the beaus, or swayed ti►e feelings, or commanded the respect of the Nation ; ►►et which, despised 89 they were when they were in a s:ate of separation and inaction, did, by a co-operation.of four short weeks, re store order, confidence, a reverence for the laws, and a just sense of their own legitimate authority. Another event, indeed, has intervened, in itself of a most painful nature, but powerful in aiding and confirming the impressions which the assem bling and the proceedings of Parliament' were cal culated to produce. I mean the loss which the Nation has sustained by the death of a Sovereign, wits► whose person all that is venerable in mo narchy has been identified in the eyes of succes si►e generations of his subjects ; a Sovereign whose goodness, whose years, whose sort ows and setietings must have softened the heart of the most ferocious enemies of kingly power ;—whose active virtues, and the memory of whose virtues, ~,•wen i t pl ease d Divine Providence that they should be active no more, have been the. guide and guardian of his people, through many a weary and many a stormy pilgrilnage s—scarce less a guide, and (puke as much a gnaidian, in the cloud of his evening darkness as in the brightness of his ta:eridiat► That sac!) a loss, and the recollec,,tions and re ficctions naturally brising from it, most have had a tendent'v to revive . and refresh the attachment co 11Int.:arch.y, and to root that attachment deeper i,e4rts ot' the people, might easily be shewn ; a feeling truer thou all rea3uning anticipates the retolt, and renders the process of argument unnecessary. So tar, therefore, has this great calamity brought with it its own com pensation, and worked, to the putting down of fais.chiet throngliont tie country, With the mea sures adopted by Parliament. And, Gentlemen, what was the character of those measures ) The best eulogy of th,eln I take to be this , it may be said of them, c has been . said of sonic of die most c,pnstontnate 9100)1 4 ptiolf of literary art, that thongh no man belorehand had exactly anticipated them, no man, wheli they were laid before hint, did not feel that they Were such as he would himself have suggested. So faithfully adapted to the case which they were framed - to meet ; so correctly ailjnsted to degree: - and nature of the mischief which they]. were 'Attended to control, that while we all feer. •thaf , tby have done their work, I think none will say there bas been any thing in them of excess or sopererogation. We' - were loudly assured by the Reformers, that the test throughout the country by which those tvho were ambitious of seats in the new Parlia ment would be tried was to be—whether they bad supported those measures. I have inquired, With 83 much diligence as was compatible with my ditties here, after the proceedings. of other elec tions ; and I protest 1, know no place, besides the Hustings of ‘lT'estruinster and Southwark, at whiclohat menaced test has been put to any can didates. To me, indeed, it was not pia as a test, but objected - as a charge. You know bow that charge was answered ; and the result is to me a majority of 1300 out of 2000 voters upon the poll. But, Gentlemen, though this question has not, as was threatened, been the watchword of popular elections, every other effort has, nevertheless, been indostrioosly employed to persuade the coun try, that their liberties have been essentially abridged by the regulation of popular meetings. Against that one of the measures passed by Par liament it is that the attacks of the Radical Re• formers have been particularly directed. Gentle men, the first answer to this aterment is, that the Act leaves untouched all the constitutional modes of assembly which have teen known to the na tion since it became free. We are fond of dating our freedom from the Revolution.. 1 should be glad to know, in what period since the Revolu tion (up to a very late period indeed, which I will specify) in what period of those reigns grow ing out of the Revolution---I mean of the first reigns of the [louse of Bi uns wick—did it enter into-!he head of man, that such meetings could be holden, or that rho Ltgislattoe would tolerate the holding of such meetings, as disgraced the country for six months previous to the last Ses sion of ? When, therefore, it is as serted that such meetings were never before sup pressed, the simple answer is, they were never before attempted. I verily believe the first meeting of the kind that was ever called (I know of none anterior to it) was that called by Lord George Gordon, in St. George's-fields, in the year 1780, which ended in the demolition of chapels and dwelling-houses, the breaking of prisons, and the conflagration of London. Was England never free till 1780 ? Did British Liberty spring to light - from the ashes of the Metropolis ? What 1 . was there no freedom in the reign of George the Second ? None in that of George , the First 2 None in the reign of Queen Anne or of King William ? Beyond the Revolu tion I will not go ; but I have always heard that British liberty was established long before the commencement of the late reign ; nay, that in the late reign (according to popular politicians) it rather' sunk and retrograded ; and yet, never till that reign was slid' an abuse of popular meeting's dreamt of, much' less erected into a rigltt not to be questioned by Magistrates and nut to be control 7 led by Parliament. Do I deny, then, the general right of the peo ple to meet, to petition, or to deliberate upon their grievances 3 God forbid ! Bot right is not a simple, abstract, positive, unqualified term. Nights are in the same individual to be compared with his duties ; and rights in one person are to be balanced with the tights of others. Now let us take the right to meet in its most extended construction. The persons who callrd the meet ing at Manchester tell you, that they had a right to collect together countleiss multitojes to discuss the question of Parliamentary Reform ; to collect them when they would, and where they would, without consent of Magistrates, or concurrence of inhabitants, or reference to the comfort anti con venience of the neighbourhood. Now may not the peaceable, the industrious inhabitant of Man chester say," I have a right to qoiet in my house; I have a right to carry on my manufactory, on which not my existence only and that of my chil dren, but that of my workmen and their numerous families depends. I have a right to be protected in the exercise of this my lawful calling. I have a right to be protected, not against violence and plunder only, against fire and sword, but against the terror of these calamities, arid against the risk of those inflictions ; against the intimidation or seduction of my wotkiren ; against the distrac tion of that attention and the disturbance of that industry, without which neither they nor I can gain:our livelihood. .I call upon the laws to af ford me that prot ection ; and if the laws in this country cannot afford it, depend upon it, I and my manufacturers most migr ate to some country vkbere they can." Here is a conflict of rights, between which what is the decision ? Which of the two claims is to give way ? Cats any reason able being doubt ? Can any honest man hesitate ? Let private justice or public expediency decide, and can the deci6ion by possibility be other than that the peaceable and iudustrionS shall be [PRTCI SEVENPENer, protected, the turbulent and mischievous put (town ? But what similarity is there between tumults such as these and an orderly meeting, recognized by the law for all legi , itnate'purposes 01 discussion or petition ? Gott v....bid, that there should not be modes of assembly by which "every class of this great nation may oe brought together, to de liberate on any matters connected xith their in terests and their freedom, I, is, however, an in version of the na•tyal order of things, it is a disturbance of the settled course of society, to re present discussion trs.every thing, and the ordi nary occupations of life as nothing . . To protect the peaceable in their ordinary occupations is as much the province of ►l►e laws, as to provide op portnnities of /discussion for every purpose to wl►ich it is necessary and properly applicable.— ,Thei.ws do both ; but it is no part of the con trivance of the laws, that immense multitudes should wantonly be congregated month after month, and day after day, there, where the very congregation of a r:►ultitude is of itself a source of terror and of danger. It is ho part of the provision of the laws, nor is it in the spirit of them, that such congregations should be brought together at the will of unau thorised and irresponsible individuals, changing the scene of meeting as may suit their caprice or convenience, and fixing, it where they have nei ther property, nor domicile, nor connexion. The spirit of the law goes directly the other way. lc is, if I may so express myself, eminently a spirit of corporation. Counties, parishes, townships, professions, trades, and callings, form so many local and political subdivisions, into which the people of England are disttibuted by the law : and the pervading principle of the whole is that of vicinage or neighbourhood, by which each man is held to act under the view and inspection of his neigl►bonts, to lend Eris aid to them, to borrow then's; to share tl►eir councils, their du ties, and their burtbens; and to bear with them his share of r e sponsibility for the acts of any of the members of the community of which he forms a part. The law, of the spirit of which I speak, is that common law to which our Itetermers are so lOnd Qf appealing on all occasions against the sta ute law which modifies or explains it. Guided by the spirit of that common law, what man is thele in this cotttry,who cannot point to the portion of society to which he belongs ? If injury is sustained, upou whom is the injured person expressly cotitled to come for redress ? Upon the hundrtd, or t h e sion in which he has sustained the injury. Ou what pi inciple ? On the principle, that as the lit dividnal is amenable to the division of the com munity to which he specially belongs, so neigh bours are answerallle for each other. Just laws, to be sure, anti admirable equity, if a•stranger is to collect the mob which is to set half Manches ter on fire ; and the burnt half is to come upon the other half for indemnity, while the stranger goes off, unquestioned,• by the.stage 1 Yet, that such was the nature,_ such the ten,. dency, nay, that such, in all human probability, might have been the result ot such meetings as that of the . lti:h ot . August, vc,l)o can deny ? Who that weighs all the particulars of that day's, trans action, compating - them with the rumours and the threats that preceded them, will dispute, that such might have been the restilt of that 'Very day's meeting, if that meeting, so very legally assembled, had not, by the happy,decision of the Magistrates, been so very illegally dispersed Ic is, therefore, not in consonance, but in con tradiction to the spirit' of the law; that such meetings have been holden. The law prescribes a corporate character. The callers of these meet ings have always studiously avoided it. No suzn mons ot freeholders—none of fremen—uone,of the inhabitants of particular idiots or parishes--- uo ot)ocal or ; political classified : - tion. Just so at,the beginning of the French,4e solut ion—the first work ot the liteformer,s.WdS, to loosen every establish:a political relation, every legal bolding cf titan destin'y every Corporation, to dispuseeverysettled class 'of.so : ciety, atitt to reduce the nation into in order, afterwards, to congregate them into . (.tribe._ _ _ Let no persori, therefore, run away with the notion, that these things 'were done without de sign. To bring together the inhabitants of a,par ticidar division, or of men sharing a common fran chise, is to bring together an assembly, 'of which the component parts act with some respect and awe of each other ; in which ancient habits, which the reformers would call prejudices, in which preconceived : .attachments, whicn, they %you'd call . corruption, in which that mittnal te spect which makes the eye of a neighbour a secu rity for each man's good conduct, bat which the reformers would stigmatise as a confederacy among the few fur dominion .over their fellows, make men diflicnit to be moved on the sudden to any extravagant' and violent enterptize. But bring together a multitude of individuals having no permanent relation to each other, no common tie, but what arises from their concurrence as members of that meeting, a tie dissolved as soon as the meeting is at an end ; in such an aggtega tion of inditiduals there is no such mutual respect, no such check upon the proceedings Of eaen man from the awe of his neighbour's disapprobation ; and if ever a multitudinous assembly can be wrought up to purposes of mischief, it will be an assembly so composed. How monstrous it is to confound such meetings with the genuine avid rt cognised modes of collecting the sense of the English people ! Was it by meetings such as these that the Revolution was brought about, the great event to which our ,antagonists are so tond'of re fetring Was it by a meeting in St. George's fields ? In SPafitids Its Smithfield Was it by 'Weft ere, td H ) re- hies <I is- e to ►rm - II GM Oita t lac •es !rd. of ,se- ust Ilt 11St me, Jig. Ale ile. WO aft