The Sun. — London, England, 1842-11-25 00:00:00

1 iron twenty-four pounder, 2 iron fifteen pounders, 24 t{. iron twelve p oun d ers , 16 ;:c.:ln ten pounders, 8 iron nine hPotuttlers, 7 iron seven peunders, 11 iron five pounders, 4,1#31 iron four pottliert4, 41 iron three pounders, 22 iron -111-13 -tw" pounders, 22 small calibres. Grand total-227. . 431 • 8 • N.B. The above does not inClu he ordnance cap (niun tured on the right bank, of whichno t account has been "veceived. I.' Quantiti es o f ji nga l s, matchlocks, gunpowder, and mai , ,-tary stores have been received. P. MONTGOMERIE, . Lieut.-Colonel Commanding Artillery. (True Copy.) AIIMINE S. 11. MOUNTAIN, Lieut.-Col. Deputy Adjutant-Gen. Expy. Force. 'Quin , turn of Ordnance captured at the taking of Shanghae, on the 19th of June, 1842, by the Combined Forces, tinder the command of their Excellencies Lieutenant ') T) e ,„ ,General Si r H ug h G oug h, G.C.8., an d Vice•Aduairal : ,Sir William Parker, X.C.B. Shanghae, June 21, 1842. 1 110 Within the Town—Twelve brass twelve pounder car -1),;, ionades, 3 brass four-and-half pounder long guns, 2 -1411,:!)rass English twelve • pounder carronades, 30 iron five e gA),Sunder long guns, 19 iron two pounder long swivel gulls, 2 iron two pounder short swivel guns—Total 68. 1 (0.1 'River Battery—Seventeen brass six pounder long guns, 39 iron five pounder thug guns—Total 56. 441 M Shanghae Creek Battery—Seventeen brass four-and alf pound er long guns, 30 iron five pounder long guns - Total 4 7. 'Oa Total —Twelve brass twelve pounder carronades, 17 I 'gym brass s i x p ou nder long guns, 20 brass four-and half • -I)oundei long guns, 2 brass English twelve pounder e arronades, 99 iron five pounder long guns, 19 iron two ; pounder long swivel guns, 2 iron two pounder short Swivel guns. Grand Total—One hundred and seventy one. The brass guns have been embarked, the iron gulls, ' Jing . als, an d ot h er arms d estroyed. ~,1 1 1 i.121 . 13. Three hu n d re d an d t hi r t y t u b s an d j ars o f gun 4, Powder, containing upwards of 18,0001b5., have also been , %len and destroyed, besides a large quantity of jingals, buttelilocks, &e. P. MONTGOMERIE, Lieut.-Col. Comg. Arty. East. Expedition. ARMINE S. 11. MOUNTAIN, tieut.-Col. Deputy Adjutant •General Expy. Force. STORMING OF KINSHAN AND CHIN 'IKEANG-FOO. rrn ! i .f, Head-quarters, Chin-Keang-foo, July 25. vie Lord,—lt affords me great gratification to an "Li ae-x 'Theo to your Lordship that our progress up the Yang ,u . „ eang has, under Divine Providence, been most pro at e'llotis, and our first operations upon the shores - of this . i tlighty river most successful. • ' L 2 •ilis Excellency Sir Wm. Parker, who I will here 11 kave to mention accompanied me throughout all P operations before Chin-Keang-foo until we entered et e city, and from whom I have upon this, as upon all 4 , 1 her occasions, experienced the most cordial and able l'Port will no doubt enter fully into detail upon all fed I If thesubjects " d coming more particillarly within the naval 141:, ne,Partment ; I shall, therefore, very slightly touch upon • a ir , 1 We sailed from the anchorage off Woosung on the 11, 1 . 4 ,41 Ti to. Many unavoidable delays occurred in bringing a ▪ : u t ts;: e t of upwards of 70 sail of men of war and transports ' ,. •. 4 1 ) a river for the most part totally unknown, and we did hat reach Suyshan, the first point where opposition, if it 4 4 1 ( q 2' 4 be s o t erme d, was o ff ere d, un til th e 14th. A f e w I a °is were fired here from some small batteries, recently . 4 ; - . er ected, at th e l ea di ng s hip s , w hi c h l an d e d th e i r ma rines, ' •"'hen the enemy fled. The fleet anchored at this point, o t , and the batteries and guns were destroyed. Unfortu ▪ . t i,ately th e w i n d came more a h ea d next morning, which, 1 44, ,` ( ?gether with the s t ren gth of the c u rre n t, a nd the further ' ;°ffieulty presented by a sudden bend of the river, pre -6`.. De nted th e ship s f rom p rocee di ng on th e 15th. O n th e N I ; • ) th, however, I accompanied Sir Wm. Parker in the c aul frigate Vixen, and we made a Tcry satisfactory and accurate reconnaisance of both Kinshan and Chin '4l4 • 'ang-foo. The steamer passed close to the shore, within ; I tisket range of • the Imperial Canal, which passes odr. .•01•011-h L g the suburbs of the city, and without meeting the slightest opposition, hundreds of the inhabitants Nl ° :: C rowdin g the shore to gaze on her as she passed. This • r t . well as all our accounts, led me to believe that little, .ranY, resistance would be made. Nut a soldier appear "Pon the city walls, nor could I perceive any encamp '4 .., -en tS in the neighbourhood. We returned to the fleet ..that evening. k.)‘,.. 4 . On th e 17th some of the fast-sailing ships of war 1 :17 ; ;". e re enabled to pass the bend, and proceeded up the • • " r er. On the 19t h the Cornwallis effected the passage, and a favourable change of wind enabled the whole fleet t° reach Chin-Keang-foo on the 20th. . 5 . Thiscity, with its walls in excellent repair, stands I t ithin little more than half a mile from the river ; the northern and the eastern face upon a range of steep hills; th e • west and southern faces on low ground, with the I fl aPerial Canal serving in some measure as a wet ditch t o these faces. To the westward, the suburb through `thich the canal passes extends to the river, and termi tes under a precipitous hill, opposite, to which, and • k ilhin 1,000 yards is the island,, of Kinshan, a mere ro ck, rising abruptly from the water ; a small seven nteried , pagoda crowns the summit,,: and, a few temples an d imperial pavilions, partly in ruins, and only occupied .Y Chinese priests; run round its base and up its sides, interspersed with trees. The island is not more than a few hundred yards in `t r etunference, and by no means calculated for a military ' l i k!sitio n being commanded completely by the hill on the ti ght bank of the river. • G. Abo u t a, mile and a half lower down the stream t here is a bluff heiht connected by a narrow ridge, with a small er hill , both capped with joss-houses, and both C t c- orirnanditig the northern angle of the city wall. Here determined' to land one brigade. My first intention, who a I re conno it ere d this place on the 16th, was to land toe oth er b r i ga d es near a range of low hills, about two er t hree miles further eastward, so as to act against the eastern face of the city ; but the fleet having come to a l nehor on the 20th so far up the river, I was induced to from pf attack, and the more readily as I per ..,'"eived the top of the pagoda on Kin-shan. three ` 4 4 - "" c • amPtnents at so - me distance on the slope of the hills j'A west of the city. It, therefore, appeared an object • importance to land a part of the force, so as to cut 'l,7liM these troops, and as I ascertained that there was a a i r t i t landing lacF below the hill, nearly opposite to ! 3 nab, I determined to disembark there the two re )l"iiig brigades, with the brigade of artillery. 7 . The necessary arrangements were immediately "I fade for landing at daylight, on the 21st. Major-Gene '',V",4' Schoedd e ' s b r i ga d e (th e 2d), consisting of the troops I'!'; 4 tned in th e marg i n ,* was o rdered to land at daylight, , ha t th& bluff height north of the city ; and the Major "'floral was instructed to take and occupy the two hills t ti h t Command the north and eastern faces, with direc i,°"B to turn this diversion into a real attack, if he found Practicable without incurring much loss. t , O B . The fi rs t b r i ga d e , un d er M a j o r-General Lord Sal . hp u ,", Was directed to land at the same time below the • Vposit Kin-shan, c this hill with two corn- of the oc troops first lande upy d,f and form on the first ' ' )Pe n space at its base, out of view of the city and en "Ptnents so as to cover the landing of the brigade of s Hauer Lieut.-Colonel Montgomerie of the Madras ,a d r \ tillery, and of Major-General Bartley's brigade (the The first brigade, under Lord Saltoun, I destined athettack the en ca mp men ts, while with the third brigade, 4 t he brigade of artillery, I proposed to operate against • West gate, and the western face of the city, taking 'resent of such ground and circumstances as might 4'. 'resent themselves. s t 9 c The brigades of Major-Generals Lord Saltoun and i h.,," ° e(lde commenced landing before daylight, but consi , r r —a "leelay took place in effecting the disembarkation th"o the c rapidity of the current, the scattered state of , te , ships, some of which were aground, and from some stake oc the part of one of the new steamers. The gun s ; were next l an d e d, an d M a jor-General Bartley's 'P(.le followed. I accompanied Major-General Lord , i a 'toun' s b r i ga d e i n l an di ng , an d f rom th e s t ee p hill i " 4I Y mentioned had a full view of the city and encamp erns. On th e wa ll s o f th e f o rmer but few men appeared, 4- • ' htit the encampm en t s were still occupied, though not I ° re tha n f rom 1 20 0 to 1,500 men s h ow ed themselves ; therefore directed, Lord Saltoun to move forward at „ ne e with th e troops o f hi s b r i ga d e fi rs t l an d e d, thn 98th re giment with som e c o m p a nies of the Bengal Volun t;ers, and the flank companies of the 41st Native Infan 4, to attack and destroy the encampments, and if pos ,li4gli, th e out oil' their communication with the city. sent a to guns under Major Anstruther with this brigade , 1.1 Dr ' a detachment of Sappers, in case difficulties . should v 11Z, 3 i .lit themselves. Three companies of the Bengal oe aftje"rs, under Major Kent, having landed some t time I riVarth, I sent Major Gough, Deputy Qi!ar ermas l dtt efleril to accompany them, with directions to fal enemy's 'right flank, perceiving a path over some m)i the ot ating ground which I thought mig h t possibly lead 3n thr itk between the encampment and the city. hese first came in contact with the enemy, GnR , -;_ h '"lng apparently been seen until they came close ;:tl l , - ,P u sttion when the Chinese very gallantly rushed on • 'aet: a l and were not repulsed until they almost came into • sati e C ontact. Lord Saltoun executed his orders most 41 1 1 (1 0 %T e e s t t ° r t t i )) 1 y .il , 16, d r riving the enemy before him over the hills the encampments. • The 26th having landed proceeded to cover the • "s, which Lientenauf-Colonel Montgomerie had placed , 014 Strong position on a low hill to the west of, and Nl4 , Osit i rri , a b j' e ding the walls, of which we could take a eon ,,tit portion in reverse. I could perceive that no 1111 ) 1g body was in reserve at this point, al.though the t i t a n tire's and loop-holes were all manned evidently by te 1 . „ 41 - 'l r troops Prepared to defend their post. Here I de- Izl a ,, t rell to b make the assault so soon as Major-General thatbrigade should join me. as I felt assured 'lv o T art a'Y guns would soon clear the ramparts of the 44 , ,„. w est , f nr. , and I was given to understand that the canal th e ar ilolile„. i ridge of earth evidently thrown up on • with i lv; 'guial excavation, giving me perfect cover to ti : fifty paces of the walls. • `ls t h . As soon as the 18th and greater part of the ,• this j;',. ) ; l4e d me, the 26th being for the time attached to everything was prepared for the assault. tZ ,At a i or t t r e.(l, ho wever, t h e D eputy Q uar t ermas t er -G enera l, forr nati ",, ° ugh, to ascertain the correctness of my in 'tie.: the h a "," as to the cana l. Three officers rushed down teentioeic with him, an d I think it but right here to • b r i e . " their names :—Captain Loch, Royal Navy, who ^ au amateur in this expedition, has acted most zea- t .1:1 1 ,, In i 1.0 ,3 cC . ; A.rtillery, Captain Greenwoodssth Rogi. ' ' te -. " alajor Warren% 6th Madras Native Infantry : Li l eu n: f -"t-Colonel Drever • Rifles, 36th Madras Native Itch I .D.atr i._ y, Captain Simpson ; 2d Madras Native Infantry, e 4',.).41,. tde4,4=nant-Colonel Lttard ; detachment Sappers, Li u enallt Johnstone. tit,: f 2 6tH a . • i; 'Rat Vola tn , rontans, Lieutenant-Colonel Pratt ; Ben ' liani,. fi teers, Lieutenant- Campbell ; Colonel Lloyd . ; flank corn • I;. 5 k ,, st 41st Madras Native Infantry, Major ''th i , 7V Reiment, Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell. 51 11 1 ,47 Ith Royal Irish, Major Cowper ; 14th Madras Na 'N,rttene- ' tifai ltr y ; 9th Major Young ; 4th Re, t tztki. ri. lit-Culullei Stephens. invent, Lieu lc:a-sly as my extra Aide-de-Camp,; Lieutenant Hodg son, of the Cornwallis ; and - Lieutenant Neatly, Deputy Assistant-Adjutant-General, who has ever been forward where he could be useful, These four officers swam the canal, thus ascertaining its impracticability and the in- correctnesa of my informatioit 12. I was now equally distant from the west and south gates, but perceiving that the suburbs would give me cover, I decided on forcing the former ; we soon reached this point, and covering parties were pushed on close to the banks of the canal. Major Malcolm, of the 3d Dra goons, who acted throughout the day as my extra Aid de-Camp, and Brevet Captain Balfour, Brigade Major of Artillery, were very active in discovering the ap proaches to the gate. Two guns, under Lieutenant Molesvvortb, of the Madras Artillery, were also j udiciously placed, so as to take the works in flank. 13. Under this cover Captain Pears, the commanding engineer, with great spirit and judgment, placed the powder-bags, and effectually blew in the gate, giving the troops a clear entrance through a long archway, not, as it proved, into the body of the place, but into an out work of considerable extent. In this outwork we met Captain Richards, of the Cornwallis, who had most promptly landed the marines of that ship, on hearing that two gun-boats, with artillery-, in proceeding up the canal, had unexpectedly approached the walls, and were severely pressed ; finding, however, the attention of the enemy diverted, he escaladed this work in the re-enter ing angle near a sallyport. All further difficulties at this point were cleared, as we limed Major-Genera! Schoedde in possession of the inner gateway. 14. This officer, with his wonted decision, taking ad vantage of his discretionary power, converted his diver sion into a real attack, escaladed the city walls at the north angle, cleared the whole line of rampart to the westward, and carried the inner gateway, which was obstinately defended. I cannot too strongly express my approbation •of the spirited and judicious way in which Major-General Schoedde fulfilled my orders ; nor can I better convey to your Lordship the operations of his brigade than by forwarding his report. 15. By these combined movements a body of Tartars was driven into one division of the western outwork with - out a possibility of retreat ; and as they would not sur render, most of them were either shot or destroyed in the burning houses, several of which had been set on fire by the Tartar troops themselves, or by our guns. As soon as I could collect a sufficient body of the 3d Brigade, I directed Major-General Bartley to proceed with it along the west face, and occupy the several gates to the south and east 'of the city. The sun at this time being nearly overpowering, I was anxious to keep as many of the men as possible under cover until towards the evening,. when I proposed moving into the Tartar city, and occupying the principal positions ; but the troops under ,Major- General Bartley, consisting of the 18th and part of the 49th regiments, were soon hotly engaged with a body of from 800 to 1,000 Tartars, who, under cover of some en closures, opened a destructive fire upon our men, as they were filing round the walls. The leading division of the 49th dashed down the rampart on their left, while the 18th pushed forward to turn their right ; they were soon dispersed, although some of them fought with great des peration. It afforded me much satisfaction to witness the spirited manner in which Major-General Bartley performed this duty, with a small force of exhausted men. The Admiral, who was moving with the marines of the Cornwallis along the line of the wall which had been cleared by the 55th, hearing the heavy firing, with his usual anxiety to afford assistance, attempted to move across the city, and was strongly opposed at several points in the streets where the Tartars had collected. 16. The sun now became so overpowering that it was impossible to move with men already fatigued by their exertions, and I regret to say that several died from the intense heat. We remained therefore in occupation of the gates until six o'clock, when several parties were pushed into the Tartar city and to the public offices. The • Tartar General's house was burnt ; that of the Lieutenant-General (Hai) it appears had been set on fire by his own orders, and he was destroyed in it ; his secretary, who was -found the next morning by Mr. Morrison, principal Chinese interpreter, related this event, and pointed out the body of the unfortunate chief. Finding dead bodies of Tartars in every house we en tered, principally women and children, thrown into wells or otherwise murdered by their own people, I was glad to withdraw the troops from this frightful scene of de struction, and placed them in a commanding position at the principal public offices in the northern quarter of the city. The following morning search was made for arms, ammunition, and treasure ; about 60,000 dollars worth of Sycee silver was found in public offices, and all the arms and arsenals discovered were destroyed. 17. It would appear that the Tartar soldiers did not calculate on the rapidity of our movements, and consi dered the city impregnable ; a great number of those who escaped our fire committed suicide, after destroying their families ; the loss of life has been therefore appal ling, and it may be said that the Mantchoo race in this city is extinct. As in all other places we have taken, the respectable inhabitants have fled, as well as the local authorities. The suburbs are larger than the city, which is about four miles in circumference ; plunderers flock ing in by• hundreds from the country have joined the populace, and such is their systematic mode of proceed ing, that in one instance which came to my knowledge, they set fire to both ends of a street in the western suburb, where there was a large pawnbroker's shop (uni formly the first object of pillage), in order to check all • interruption, while they carried off their booty by the side lanes. I was most anxious to put a stop to these scenes of devastation, but it would not have been iirab ticable in so wide a labyrinth .of streets and lanes, with out constant harassing exposures to the troops, during the hottest season of the year. Cholera has made its appearance ; Ensign Weir, of the 49th Regiment, died this evening, and several meu of the same corps have been attacked by the disease. 18. I propose to leave Major-General Schoedde with his brigade here, Two regiments and . a detachment of ariillery will occupy the bluff height, and a smaller hill, which command the north angle of the city walls, in which I have directed extensive breaches to be' made, and the whole line of parapet will be demolished. An other regiment will occupy the hill above the mouth of the canal, and opposite to the island of Kinshan ; Sir William Parker, leaving a proportionate number of ships, with the remainder of the force, we shall advance on Nankin. 19. The Mandarin, who has so frequently visited us, has again brought a joint-despatch from Keying, mater nal uncle to the Emperor, and Elepoo, which, together with his answer, will no doubt be submitted to her Ma jesty's Plenipotentiary. It only now remains for me to express my warmest approval of the conduct •of the troops of all arms, as well native as European ; all were animated with one common feeling of devotion, and the anxiety of all ranks to meet my wishes has been most cheering. Major-Generals Lord Saltoun and Bartley, and Lieut.-Colonel Montgomcrie, repOrt most favourably of the assistance they derived from the several command ing officers under them, and from their respective bri gade staff. To the officers commanding brigades and corps, as to all the general and my personal staff, I am much in debted, and it affords me great satisfaction to add, that Lieutenant-Colonel Mountain, the Deputy-Adjutant- General, was sufficiently recovered from the severe wounds he received at Chapoo to take his usual promi nent share in every active operation. I regret to say that our loss has been considerable, but not more than was to be expected from the despera tion with which the Tartars fought for their homes, and from the strength of their positions. I enclose a return of killed and wounded, with a sketch of the town and the operations before it. I have the honour to be, &c., H. GOUGH, Lieut.-General, Commanding Expeditionary Land Force. (True Copy.) 11. GOUGH, Lieut.-General. P.S. 29th July.—l atn sorry to report that since tho foregoing dispatch was written, Lieut.-Colonel Stephens, commanding the 49th regiment, has died in consequence, I fear, of the great fatigue and exposure to the sun which he underwent on the 21st inst. (Copy.) Chin-Keting-foo, July 21, 1842, „ . Sir,—Pursuant to the instructions of his Excellency Sir Hugh Gough, G.C.8., &c., directing me to land my brigade at the Bluff Point, overlooking the town, for the purpose of creating a diversion, but leaving it to my dis cretion to convert it into a real attack if I should deem it, advisable to do so, I have the honour to inform you, that as soon as a sufficient number of men had landed I took possession of the joss-houses on the hill, detaching the rifle company to a small wooded hill in my front, and, after having reconnoitred the ground, I made my arrangements for the escalade of the town at the north east angle. Whilst waiting the arrival of the remainder of the 2d and Gth Regiments Madras Native Infantry, the enemy opened a very heavy fire upon us from guns. gingals, and matchlocks ; this was immediately returned by the rockets of the Royal Artillery with considerable effect ; and as soon as I could assemble such portion of the brigade as had been landed, I directed the assault of the 'place in the following manner—half of the rifle com pany, under the command of Captain Simpson, rushed from the hill across the valley, and crept up under cover close to the walls, keeping up a well-directed fire against the embrasures of the place. The grenadier company, her Majesty's 55th Foot, and two companies of the 6th Regiment Madras Native Infantry, with the Sappers car rying the ladders, under the command of Brevet-Major Maclean, 55th Foot, advanced against the north-east angle. The sappers, commanded by Lieut. Johnstone, with the greatest steadiness and gallantry, reared their ladders against the wall, and in a few mintnes the Grena diers of the 55th had mounted, and, dividing into two parties, proceeded to clear the ramparts, one party turn ing to the right, under Brevet-Major Maclean, and an other to the left, under Lieut. Cuddy, 55th. - As we had only three ladders, reinforcements could not follow very quickly, and the enemy defended himself with the greatest gallantry, disputing every inch of ground, and fighting hand to hand with our men. Major Warren, commanding 55th Foot, after he was wounded himself, cut down two of the enemy, and was personally enraged with a third, whilst the 55 t h and rifle com p an y 36th M.N.I. were obliged to carry every angle • and em brasure at the point of the bayonet. In the course of about an hour and a half we arrived at the west gate, where I shortly afterwards had the honour to meet his Excellency. In the mean time, part of the V and 6th Regiment, M.N.1., and the Royal Ar tillery, having mounted the ramparts, followed that por tion of the 7Grenadiers which had turned to the h-ft ; and after a sovere struggle, cleared the walls on their side dntil they met the third brigade. I am par ticularly indebted to Lieutenant-Colonel Dreyer of the 6th N.I. whose 'death from fatigue and• exposure to the sun, •I am very sorry to report ; to Captain Reid, Gth Regiment, who succeeded Lietit.-Colonel Dreyer in the command of his regiment ; to Lieut.-Colonel Luard, commanding 2d N. 1. ; to Major Warren, 55th Foot, for the manner in which he led his regiment, and who was severely wounded ; to;lßrevet-Major Maclean, 55th Foot, who commanded the storming party ; to Captain Greenwood, commanding the Royal Artillery ; to Cap tain Simpson, commanding the Rifles, who I - regret to say was severely wounded under the walls at the ,com;- mencement of the attack; to Lieu. Cuddy, her Majesty's 55th Foot. the first man to mount: the walLs, and who was shortly afterwards severely wounded ; .and to Lieut. Johnstone, commanding the Sappers. Lieut. Etphin stone, of the Commissariat, afforded me most; able assistance, as did also Captain Sheriff, of the 2d Native Infantry, and Assistant-Adjutant-General, to Whom I am likewise greatly indebted ; to my Major of Brigade, Captain C. B. Dauheney, 55th Foot, my thanks are par ticularly due for the zeal, intelligeme, and attention with which the duties of the brigade were discharged. I must also beg to express my best thanks to Captain the Hon. F. W. Grey, commanding her Majesty's ship Endymion, who superintended the disembarkation of the brigade, and who volunteered to accompany me throughout the day, for his able assistance and prompt and kind attention to every request I made hiM re garding the landing of the men. I enclose a casualty return of the brigade. I have, &c., J. 11. SCHOEDDE, Major-Gen., Comm anding 2d (centre) Brigade. (True Copy.) A. 11. S. MOUNTAIN, Lieut.-Col., Deputy-Assist.-General Expeditionary Force. Return of Ordnance mounted on the Walls of Chin keang-foo, captured on the 21st July, 1842. Camp, Chin-keang-foo, July 26, 1842. Iron Guns-2 twelve-pounders, 1 nine-pounder, 2 eight pounders, 2 five-pounders, 4 femur-pounders, 7 three pounders, 2 two-pounders. Total, 20. The whole of these guns have boon destroyed. N.B. In addition to the above, a large number of jingals, matchlocks, spears, bows and arrows, about 3,000 lbs. of gunpowder, and a variety of military appoint ments, were destroyed in the diffeivnt magazines and. store-rooms in the city. P. MONTGOMERI E, Lieut.-Colonel Comg. Arty. Brig. East. Exp. (True Copy.) ARMINE S. IL MOUNTAIN, Lieut.-Colonel, Deputy Adj. Gen. 1,14 y. Force. J. TALE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, Nciy4, 4 lll l BEE, 25, 1842. . _ 7 8. The reports as ,to the amount of troops in.t,hed city; which is acknowledged to contain 1;000,000 of in habitants, have varied exceedingly. I am infornied," . however, that the fugitives from Chin-keang-foo have reached this place, increasing the Tartar garrison to about 6,000, including the.adults of that nation resident in the city, who are all trained to arms, and perhaps the most formidable opponents, as they kilt for their fami lies and their homes. The Chinese regulars amount, I have reason to believe, to about 9,ooo;besides the militia. From, the great extent of the walls, said to be 20 miles • in circumference, although generally too high to escalade (from about 70 to 28 feet in the lowaSt part), and from the canals, suburbs, swamps, and lake, in most places difficult to approach, it was evident that I could take the city whenever I pleased, by threatening it at such dis tant points, as to prevent the concentration of a large op posing force, the very 'difficulties of approach affording; the means of detaching small parties with impunity to create diversions ; but I was well awire that the stand would be made in the Tartar city My force consisted of 4,500 effective fighting men ;. most of the Europeans had been with me sine:: the commencement of operations in China, and would, I was well assured, at once place their colours unaided on the walls Whenever I gave the order, while all the new corpS eagerly looked for a second op portunity of emulating their brother soldiers ; but it was a great object to avoid a repetition of the horrors of Chapoo and Chin-keang-foo,. and Sir William Parker and myself were therefore anxious to try the effect of a demonstration. 9. Had active measures been called for, the north angle was the only point against which the ships could act, and Idetermincd to approach or threaten the east ftee in its whole ex`ent, and the south-cast angle. The Cornwallis, Blonde, and heavy steamers, were accord ingly placed. in position, the first within 1,000 paces or the Ifung gate, with her broadside bearing upon a sort of demi-bastion, which it was proposed to breach ; the Blonde, so as to take the d e f ences o f t h at ga t e an d bas tion in flank ; and the steamers, so as tb destroy the parapet of the wall on either side the point to be breached. I instructed Major-General Bartley to enter the city at this point with his brigade, consisting of her Majesty's 18th and 49th, an d the 14th Madras Native Infantry, amounting to 1,800 men, supported by 300 Royal Marines. 10. On the 11th and following days the remainder of the force, consisting of Lord Saltoun't brigade, the flank companies of the corps at Chin-keang-foo, and the rifle company, 36th Madras Native Infantry, together with one troop of horse, and three companies of Foot Artil lery, with the whole of thnlight field train and Sappers, were landed at a village about five miles down 4 creek, from whence a good paved road leads to the Taiping and Teshing gates. I established the force in andV about a large village, equi-distant from these two gates, and decided upon my line of proceeding, in case we should be driven to • a dt tvc o p era ti ons ; this was to threaten the two flank gates, making the real attack to the right of the Taiping gate, covered by the concen trated fire of the guns from the commanding slope of the Chungshang hills. This point forced, the Tartar city would virtually be taken, as my guns introduced by the Taiping gate, could immediately be placed upon an eminence perfectly commanding the inner wall and town, at a distance of a few hundred yards, whilst the bulk of my force, by a rapid advance on the Drum Tower in the centre of the Chinese city, might cut off the troops de fending the north and east faces from the Tartar garrison. 11.—I have been thus circumstantial, my Lord, in regard to my dispositions, in order to show what I could readily have done, ably supported as I am, had not my country's interests, and I trust my country's honour, been equally maintained by a mere demonstration. On the 17th I received the accompanying letter for the sus pension of hostilities, from her Majesty's Plenipotentiary, who will no doubt fully report upon the various circum stances and communications that preceded the final happy result. I understand that full powers were sent to the Commissioners, upon the Emperer's hearing of the fall of Chin-keang-foo ; and from their anxiety to pay the first instalment, there can' be little apprehension of the Emperor's refusing to ratify a peace, which is called for by the general voice of the country. In the mean time, until the whole of the first instalment shall be paid, nothing shall be relaxed in our state of preparation and precaution. 12. To his Excellency Sir Henry Pottinger I am much indebted for his friendly. readiness to aid me with every information in his power, and for his uniform for bearance from all interference in the slightest degree with military operations and movements. But it is not for me to - enlarge upon the able public services of this high functionary. To Sir William Parker I must be permitted to say that I cannot too strongly express my sense of obligation. We have worked together for the common cause, and I have ever found him, and the powerful arm over which he presides, desirous to meet my wishes, and prompt and cordial in every conjoint undertaking. 13. IC is now my pleasing duty to bring to your Lordship's notice those gallant officers and troops who throughout the active operations in China, in a warfare new to the British arms, exposed in various instances to temptations of no ordinary kind, assailed by sicknesS which in some cases left but few effective men in strong corps, and often subjected to great fatigue; under .a burning sun, have never in any instance met a check, not because their foes were few in number, devoid of courage, or slow to hazard life in personal contact.but because their own science, discipline, and devotion made them irresistible. From the officers commanding brigades ,and corps; 1s from the genera l an d my p ers onal. staff, I h ave un if orm ly received th e most rea d y an d en ergetic as s i s t ance , an d I shall beg here a ft er to su b m i t their names, with thosoof the Several officerS . whom I have, on different occasions, felt'Myself 'called 4 upon to mention. It will be a subject of no ordinary gratificiatien to me in after life; if I amt permitted to feel that 1 -h ave b ve e the happy means of bringing to the notice of my Sovereign conduct so much redounding to the maintenance of the high character of hor Majesty's arms.. have, &c., 11. GOUGH, Lieutenant-General, Cnannanding Expeditionary Land Force. The Eigh 1 - lon. Lord St an l ey , P r i nc ipal Secre tary otStitie,' Colonial Department, Down ing-street, London.' P.'S. Aug. 29.—1 have the satisfaction to add, th a t I have this day witnessed the signature of the treaty by Sir Henry Pottinger on the part of her Majesty, and by the Commissioners Ke3 ng, Elepoo, and Newkeing, on that of the Emperor ; and that the' atification of peace is no longer doubtful, the Emperor's assent to the terms having been previously received as will be seen by t h e accompanying copy of a letter from her Majesty's Pleni potentiary to the address. of Sir Wm. Parker and myself, with its inclosure. Under these circumstances, the Admiral has deter mined to send off a steamer direct to Bombay, and I take the opportunity to forward this dispatch by my Aide-de-Camp, Captain Whittinghath, who has been with me during the late operations, and is well acquainted with my views in regard to Chi na, an d w h om I be g l eave to bring to your Lordship' s not ice. H. GOUGH, Lieut.-General. (True C o py.) 11. GOUGH, Lieut.-General. EXPEDITIONARY LAND FORCE. Return of killed, wounded, and missing of the above llmce, under the command of his Excellency Lieute nant-General Sir Hugh Gough, C.C.8., at the attack on the enemy's entrenched camp, storm and capture of the city of Chin-keang-foo. on the 21st of July, 1842. Head Quarters, Chin-kcang-foo, July 24, 1842. Artillery-2 rank and file killed ; 4 officers, I,serjeant, 7 rank and file wounded ; 1 rank and file missing. 11. M. 18th Royal Irish.-1 officer, 2 rank and file, killed ; 1 officer, 2 serjeant, 14 rank and file, wounded. 11. M. 26th Cameronians-1 rank and file killed ; 1 officer. 6 rank and file, wounded. ' 11. M. 49th Regiment-1 officer, 1 serjeant, 3 rank and file, killed ; 2 officers, 13 rank and file Ivbunded. H. M. 55th Regiment-1 serjeant, 4 rank and file, killed ; 2 officers, 1 warrant officer, 1 drummer, 19 rank and file, 1 follower, wounded. _ IL M. 98th Regiment-13 rank and file killed. Bengal Volunteer Regiment-1 rank and file killed ; 2 rank and file wounded. 2d Regiment Madras N. 1.-1 rank and file killed ; 3 officers, 8 rank and file, wounded ; 1 rank and file mis sing. 6th Regiment Madras N. L-1 officer, 1 rank and file, killed ; 11 rank and file wounded ; 1 drummer missing. 36th Regiment Madras N. I. Rifle Company-1 rank and file killed ; 1 officer, 1 serjeant, 6 rank and file, wounded. RECAPITULATION. Killed-3 officers, 2 serjeants, 29 rank and file.— -To tal 34. Wounded-14 officers, 1 warrant officer, 4 serjeants, 1 drummer, 86 rank and file, 1 follower.—Total 107. Missing-1 drummer, 2 rank and file.—Total 3. Killed, Wounded, and Missing-17 officers, 1 warrant officer, 6 serjeants, 2 drummers, 117 rank and file, 1 fol lower.—Grand total, 144. Of the numbers above returned killed 1 , gunner Royal Artillery, 2 rank and file 11. M. 49th Regiment, and 13 rank ,and tile 11. M. 98th Regiment, were killed by a stroke of the sun. AILMINE S. H. MOUNTAIN, Lieut. Col. Dy. Adjt. Expy. Force. NAMES OF OFFCERS KILLED AND WOUNDED. H. M. 49th Regiment.—Lieut. T. B. Gibbons, sub assistant-commissary-general, killed. 6th Regiment Madras N. I.—Lieut.-Col. Drover (ME dead on' the rampart from a stroke of the sun). 18th Royal Irish.—Captain Collinson, killed. Royal Artillery.—Lieutenant J. N. A. Freese, slightly wounded. Madras Artillery : —Lieutenant C. D. Waddell, severe ly wounded ; Assist.-Surgeon C. Timmins, severely wounded ; Subadar Major Ramasawny, slightly wound. 18th Royal Irish.—Lieut. Bernard, slightly wounded. 26th Cameronians.—Ensign Duperier, slightly wound. 49th Regiment.—Lieutenant Baddoly, dangerously wounded ; Lieut. Grant, slightly wounded. .55th Regiment.—Major Warren, severely wounded ; Lieut. Cuddy, severely wounded. 2d Regiment Madras N. I.—Lieutenant Carr, Adju tant, slightly wounded ; Ensign Travers, slightly wounded ; Jemadar Mundar, slightly wounded. 36th Regiment Madras N. I. Rifles.—Capt. Simpson, severely wounded. OPERATIONS BEFORE NANKIN. DOWNING -STREET, Nov. 23. Dispatches, of which the' following are copieS - or extracts, addreised by Lieutenant-General Sir Ilugh Gough, K.G.C.8., to Lord Stanley, one of her Ma jesty's Principal Secretaries of State, have been this day received : British Cantonment before Nanking, Aug. 21. My Lord,—lt has pleased Almighty God to crown her Majesty's arms with complete success, and compel the Emperor of China to recognise the claims of Great Britain, and, by accredited Commissioners, to enter into a treaty of peace, dictated by the long lightly-esteethed foreigner whose power is henceforth acknowledged. The display of our military and naval force in the heart of the country, the interruption of all commercial intercourse by the Imperial Canal, the fall, within a few hours after our landing, of Chin-keang-foo, one of the strongest, and from its position one of the • 'nest im portant cities in China, and the investment by a victo rious force of the ancient capital of this vast empire, have, under Divine Providence, been the happy means of effecting this great change in the Tartar councils, and are, I have no doubt, destined to produce results of no less importance to the civilised world than to our own country. The movement up the Yang-tse-kiang, suggested by the British Government, strenuously advocated by the Governor-General of India, and which was fortunately undertaken by Sir William Parker and myself, previous to the receipt of the instructions, has thus led to an ear ' lier adjustment of the differences between England and China than could probably have been effected by any other line of operation. 3. I will not enter into much detail of our movements since my last dispatch of the 25th ult. On the 29th I embarked the force intended to act against Nankin, leaving Major 7 General Schoedde with her Majesty's.ssth and one company of the 98th, the 2d and 6th regiments- Madras Native Infantry, and a pro portion of artillery and sappers to occupy Chin-keang foo, or rather the heights commanding it, and the mouth of the Imperial Canal. The city had become uninhabi table from the number of dead bodies in the houses that were occupied by the Tartar troops near the several gates, and in the whole of the Tartar town. From the decomposed and scattered state of these bodies it would have been impracticable to bury them without much risk to the health of the troops employed, and without break ing into numerous houses, which might IlliVe led to con sequences scarcely less objectionable. I regret to say that, notwithstanding every precaution, I have lost seve ral officers awl men by cholera. 4. From the prevalence of contrary winds the fleet could not stem the current of the Yang-tse-kiang until the morning of the 4th instant, when the transports, with Lord Saltoun's brigade, were enabled to proceed. The lion. Company's steam-frigate Queen, baying her Ma jesty's Plenipotentiary on board, towed up the Marion head-quarter ship, and on the sth we anchored off Nan kin, the Cornwallis having effected the passage on the preceding day. The whole of the ships did nut reach the anchorage off this city until the 9th inst. • 5. Previous to our leaving Chin-kcang-foo, anxious to avert the calamities consequent upon an assault, and a repetition of the scenes of Tartar self-destruction, and universal plunder by a Chinese rabble, which we bad witnessed with so much horror at that city, the Admiral and myself had forwarded by the Secretary of the Tartar General, who fell there, a summons to New Kein, Vice roy of the two Keang provinces. Had not the terms been accepted, the fleet and army would have been dis posable for the immediate prosecution of active opera tions, the army against Soochoo and Hangchow , while a portion of the fleet might have proceeded to blockade the Peiho, and stop the trade in the Gulph of Po.che-le. 6. Finding it unlikely that we should gain our object unless some string demonstration were made, and hay ing carefully 'reconnoitred the river line of defences' in one of the small steamers, the Admiral and I made our arrangements accordingly for such demonstration and for the assault, should neither our terms be accepted nor a negotiation commenced, which we had some reason to expect from the announcement of the approach of the Imperial Commissioners. I shall here beg leave to give some particulars of this demonstration, as I conceive that the alarm to which it gave rise hastened the event that we most desired. 7. It would not be easy to give your Lordship a clear description of this vast city, or rather of the vast space encompassed within its walls. I shall therefore only observe that the northern angle reaches to within about 700 paces of the river, and that the western face runs for some miles along the base of wooded heights. rising im mediately behind it, and is then continu.ad for a great distance upon low ground, having before it a deep canal, which also extends along the southern face, serving as a wet ditch to both. There is a very large suburb on the low ground in front of the west and south faces, and at the south-east angle is the Tartar city, which is a separate fortress, divided from the Chinese town by high walls. The eastern face extends in an irregu!ar line for many miles, running towards the south over a spur of Chungshang, a precipitous mountain, overlooking the whole country, the base of which commands the rampart. In this face are thre , . gates ; the most north erly (the Teshing) is approachable by a paved road, running between wooded hills to within 500 paces of the walls, whence it is carried along a cultivated flat ; the next (the Taiping) is within a few hundred yards of the base of Chungshang, and that to the south (the Chanyang) enters the Tartar city. There is a long line of unbroken wall between the Teshing gate and the river, hardly approachable from swamps and low paddy land, and the space between the Teshing and Taiping; gates is occupied by rather an extensive lake. Th e neighbourhood of these last-mentioned gates was very closely and judiciously reconnoitered by Lieut.-Colonel Moutgomerie and Captain Pears. TREATY OF PEACE. TO THEIR EXCELLENCIES VICE-ADMIRAL SIR NV. PARKER, AND LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR HUGH GOUGH, G.C.R., COMMANDERS-IN-CHIEF. Gentlemen,—lt affords me great satisfaction to have it in my power to inform you that my negotiations with the Chinese high officers who have been appointed by the Emperor to treat for stage that authorises me to b eg t h at you w ill cons id er hostilities suspended. peace, have advanced to that I had hoped to have been able some days earlier to make this communication to your Excellencies, but the necessity for carefully translating : the already volumi nous correspondence which 1 have had with the Chinese rdailsll‘t.canlice which we are from the city, as for replying in Chinese their memoranda and messages, precludes more than one daily communication have combined to unavoidably prolong nti my is will this da b e howe ver, cent draftedto the English and e a r Commissioners, n i cplt m thsra, ilocillasiicractseiiileoliodiin:tisehirgsts;t.) forward, ial have finally acceded to its e translation), it is to be signed by those high Commissioners. After the latter are difficult to convey in officers and myself, and then dispatched to Pekin for the Emperor's assent, which it is estimated will be received back here in about twelve or fourteen days from the date CC a t e °l n c illi o n' i n l i u ll i ene n r sic e st a: sr n d forms (which of its dispatch, so that we cannot, at the soonest, reckon on a final reply in less than three weeks from this date. The Itigh Commissioners would be very glad to per suade me to act at once on: the provisions of the treaty, by requesting your Excellencies to withdraw the ships and troops, but I have distinctly informed them that that cannot be done ; and it is almost needless for me to say that, in the (I trust most improbable) event. of the Em peror declining to confirm the acts of his Commissioners, it will then become necessary to renew hostilities with increased vigour.—l have, &e., • her (True copy.) -, • Majesty's Plenipotentiary. 11. POTT A I . N H G . E s I: , Lieut.-Colonel, Deputy-Adj utant-General Expedition a ry Force. Steam-frigate Queen, off Nankin, Aug. 17, 1842. Commissioner C. F. Simonin. Gentlemen,—The treaty of peace h av i ng now b een Ano. 29, 1842. Steam Frigate Queen , off Nankin, happily si , rned, and the Emperor's assent to its provisions having liken ise been intimated through an imperial edict, addressed to the High Commissioners and Go vernor-General, of which I inclose a translation, I feel anxious to relieve the people from the great distress and inconvenience which the present embargo on this river causes ; and should your Eicellency concur in these sentiments, I hew that his Excellency th e Admiral, williissue I e steamers tlie tn t necessaryde dispatch to her :M a j esty ' s s hi ps at orders, and also send instructions by Chinhae and Amoy not to int erf ere further with the trade the at those plitees.—l have, &c. , HENRy POTTIGER, Her Maje Sty's Plenipotentiary. • (True Copy.) A. S. 11. AIOUNTAIN, Lt.-Col. Dy. AA-1,;,.-Gen. Ev. Farce. Their Excellencies Vice -Admiral Sir William Parker, K.C.8., and Lie ut.-G eneral Sir Hugh Gough, G.C.8., &c. N.B.—The inelosure to th is le tter is not forwarded, as it will, ill,aonfd, b course, eing lAe ng s e, n t t he b r y was her 4 40 time t o co py it.lj esty' s Pleniputen ___:,. Newkien,T, his Imperial Majesty's Governor-General of the provinces of Keangnan- and - Reangae, &c., makes this communication., - • • • On the return of the officers whom be had sent, Keen Yangan and Lieshine, the Governor-General learns that the Honourable Envoy desires to arrang e a conference with himself and the late Minister Elepoo. It is with great joy find pleasure that the Governor-General has I heard it. t k'rom this time forward . • .the feeling s an d wishes of the - - . r s OvQ,c. tries-will become .known to each, and peace and y be for ever Otahlished.. Wit Minister Ilepod is now residing at Wrisa, V a distance from Nankin 4..500 le, so that he certainly can never arrive here so quickly . as in one or two days. ,The Governor-General finds on the bank of the river a temple named Zoinghhai-tze, suitable for a conference, and ha would arrange to start at about 10 A.M. of the 6th of August, so as to be on the spot about noon. He will not take with him more than from ten to twenty fol lowers, and he would request , the Honourable Plenipo tentiary, and the Honourable Commanders-in-Chief, there to meet and confer with him. To the High Officers commanding the British Naval and Land Forces, Sir W. Parker and Sir H. Gough. Taon Kwan, 22d year, 6th moon, 29th day, August 5, 1842. (True Translation.) J. R. MORRISON. Chinese Secretary and Interpreter. A copy addressed to her Britannic Majesty'slPlenipo tentiary, Sir 11. Pottinger, Bart„ is in precisely the same words, with the difference of the addresti. (True Copy.) A. S. 11. MOUNTAIN. Lieut.-Col. Dy. Adj. Gen. Ey. Force, Ex tract.—(Translation). Newkieng, Viceroy of the Two Keang provinces, hereby makes the following distinctcommunication in reply : I have further received an answer from his Excellency the Plenipotentiary, dated the 6th day of the moon (11th Aug.), in which he wishes reparation for the past, and security tbr the future. lam perfectly acquainted with the circumstances of your affairs, and, people residing at Canton having been exposed to insults and extortions for a series of years, and assuredly the High Commis sioner Keying and Elepoo will most minutely investigate the matter, and take measures that in future the peopla of your honourable nation carry on their commerce to advantage, and not receive injury thereby. Besides sending a reply to his Excellency the Pleni, potentiary, it is proper that I likewise transmit this to convey the assurances of my sincerity. A most important communication. To Parker and Gough, Naval and Military ComManders in Chief of the great Eng lish nation. Taon liwang, 22(1 year, 7th moon, 9th clay, 1. e. 14th August, 1842. _ _ (A true translation.) E. THOM, Assistant Translator and Interpreter to her Majesty's Commission in China. (True copy.) A. S. H. 31011iiTAIN: v neut.-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General Expeditionary Force. (Intercepted—Copy.) Memorial from the General commanding the Tartar Garrison at Nankin, to the Emperor : His Majesty's slave, Tecupee, kneeling, reports the circumstances of a portion of the force having, after the loss of Chin-Keang, fought their way out, and of the men, women, and your children of that garrison, having many of them;successively escaped from it., and repaired for shelter to Nanking and Tanyang, as well as of the measures that are now being adopted for their temporary shelter and relief, having respectfully prepared a memo rial on this subject, he humbly prays the sacred glance to be east thereon. He has already, in concert with his Majesty's servant Newkieng, Governor-General of the two Kean,g pro vinces, respectfully reported the loss of Chin-Keang on the 21st July, and his ignorance at that time as to the fate of the Lieut.-General Haeling and his com panions in arms ; since that, however, he received on the 29th and 30th of July, successive communications from the Imperial High Commissioner, whereby he learned that the Lieut.-General Hauling, shortly after the loss of the city, died constant to his charge, leaving only a son and daughter, who are now concealed in the house of one of his domestics, of the name of Ke seang ; also, that many of the men, women, and young children, escaped from the garrison, have fled for shelter to Tanyang,* where their numbers now amount to Sup wards of a thousand, to whose shelter and relief the pre fects of Chang-chow and Soochow have been commanded to attend, distributing to them daily food. The High Commissioner, at the same time, called on his Majesty's slave tv send officers to collect them together ; but his Majesty's slave being just at present engaged in the watchful defence of Nankin itself, did not deem it right, at this moment of pressing emergency, hastily to collect them together at this capital. While, therefore, he made arrangements for the shelter of those Who had fled directly hither, he sent an officer with money to Tan yang to make arrangements for the relief and protection of the rest there. 'On the Ist of August the officer whom he had sent to Tanyang, Kemugu, a Tscoling of the Tsin , gchow bri gade, but long stationed at Nankin, as a Ittteakeaeas, reported to him, that of the battalion of 400 officers and men of the Tsingchow brigade, aiding in the defence of Chinkeang, 111 cflicers and men had fought their way out, bearing wounds about them, and are now in the retinue of the High Commissioner Keying, who has pro ceeded to Changchow ; that the number of persons escaped - from the garrison, who are.. now taking shelter 'at Tanyang, is about 1,600 adults, and more than 400 children, for whose temporary shelter and support pro vision had already been made by the High Commissioner Keying, who commanded the two prefects of Soochow' and Changchow to attend to them, and to supply them with daily provision. his .Majesty's slave has, under these circumstances, desired of these prefects to continue earefully to attend to and provide for their comfort. With regard to the. soldiers .of the Tsingehow bri g ade, : aiding' in the defence-of Chinkeang, who, wounded and mutilated, fought their way out, and have come hither for shelter, their number at this moment is 58 officers and men, in addition to upwards of 80 men, women, and children of the proper garrison of the place. In the shelter and care of these due orders have been given, and as soon as the storm of barbarian invasion shall be a little overpast, other arrangements shall be made for receiving into Nankin the refugees, men, women, and children, now in the departments of Soochow and Chang chow, and here making proper provision for them. When Chinkeang fell, his Majesty's slave, owing to the urgent need of defence at Nankin, and the small force there was to defend it, was unable to afford that garrison relief. Shame and regret leave him on this ac count without place where he may stand. He requests that it may be the Imperial pleasure to subject him to the severe censure of the Board of War. The particulars of the action, in which the soldiers of the Tsingchow brigade were engaged, and the number of those wounded and slain, as well as the full number of the men, women, and children, escaped from the garrison of Chinkeang, shall be duly reported as soon as his Majesty's slave shall be able to ascertain the details with accuracy. With rospeet is this report now made, regarding the collecting together of the refugees, and the measures taken for their relief and succour, and with humility is the august Sovereign implored to cast his sacred glance thereon. A respectful memorial. (POSTCMPT.) The scattered and wounded remnants of Chinkeang, ,garrison,-and of the portion of the Tsingchow brigade co-operating With it, have many of them fled successively to Nankin, and his Majesty's slave has carefully inter rogated them. The soldiers say that when th e r e b e lli ous barbarians attacked the city, both those of the garrison itself and thoie of the brigade confederation with it, re sisted with all their strength and courage, and killed very many of the foreigners, and that had the reinforce ments from other provinces, at that time outside the city walls, come up to their aid, they would certainly have inflicted a very severe chastisement on them. At the present moment the provincial capital of Nan kin is in the utmost emergency of pressing danger, and the forces sent to it by the terror-spreading General (Peking), are for the most the remnants of such as have already been defeated and scattered, while all the best and fresh troops are now engaged following in the train and guard of the same general, who has ' crone to establish his head-qUarters at Changchow ; and now 'while the steamers of the rebellious barbarians arc actually press ' ing upon the capital his Majesty's slave received a com munication from the terror-spreading General stating that he will establish his head-quarters at Changchow, to be ready to act in such way as circumstances shall point out. But Changchow is more than 500 le distant from Nankin, and his position there leaves it not at all in his power to afford relief in this emergency. The vexing thoughts which night and day occupy the mind of his Majesty's slave, fill his whole soul as it were with a perpetual fire. Besides writing, with all express, to the terror-spread ing General that he, in obedience to the already an nounced pleasure of the Emperor repair, with all speed, and with his most effective officers and bravest troops, to relieve this place, his Majesty's slave also - has thus re spectfully to lay this further representation - before his august Majesty, humbly praying the sacred perusal thereof. There is a second postscript, which, as it contains only a recommendation of a particular officer whom the General has called into employment, has not been trans lated. Taon Kwang, twenty-second year, sixth month, twenty-ninth day. sth August, 1842. (True Copy.) A. 11. S. MOUNTAIN, Lieut.-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General. Expeditionary Force. (Copies.) FROM LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR HITCH COUGH, COMMAND MG MADRAS EXPEDITIONARY LAND FORCE, TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD ELLENBOROITGII, GOVERNOR-GE- NEftAL OF INDIA, &e. My Lord,—lt afford; me the most sincere gratifica tion to announce to your Lordship that the prelimi naries of a treaty of peace between her Miijesty the Queen of Great Britain and the Emperor of China h as this day been signed, on the part of her Majesty by his Excellency Sir Henry Pottinger, British Plenipotentiary, and on that of the Emperor by the Commissioners Kea - ing, of the Imperial kindred, and Elepoo, of the Imperial household. This happy result has, under Divine Providence, been effected by the irresistible power of her Majesty's arms by land and sea, and I trust its durability will in nu small degree be insured, not alone by the manifestation which has been made of that power, but by the high respect entertained by a conquered foe for our forbear ance, our justice, and our humanity. I beg to inclose to your Lordship the copy of a di:- patch I have this day forwarded to Lord Stanley by my Aide-de-Camp, Captain Whittingham, who is well cal culated to give his Lordship every infOrmation. I feel most thankful that I am enabled, at so early a period, to communicate an event mainly resulting from the prosecution of our operations on this vital point, so happily advocated by your Lordship.—l h ave , &c., H. GOUGII, Lieut.-Gener a l, Commander-in:Chief Madras, Commanding Expeditionary Land Foi•ce. British Cantonment before Nankin, Aug. 29, 1842. . • • * Tanyang is the nea r e s t thstrict town outh-west from Chinkesug% ADMIRALTY, Nov. 23, 1842.- ,Dispatches have this day been received at this Office from Vice-Admiral Sir William Parker, K.C.8.; ad dressed to the Secretary of the Admiralty, of which the following are copies or extracts Cornwallis, Woosung. Harbour, 17th June, 1842. Sir,—l did m y se lf t h e 'honour of apprising ie Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty on the 26th ult. from, Chapoo, that his Excellency Lieutenant-General Sir H. Gough and myself had it in contemplation to make our next descent at Woostmg, situated at the entrance of a large river of that name, branching from the Yang tse-Kiang ; and I have now the gratification of report ing to their Lordships, that after a severe cannonading yesterday from her Majesty's squadron and the steam vessels of the Indian navy under my command, and a spirited resistance on the part of the Chinese, the whole of their numerous and heavy batteries, defended by se veral thousand men, were carried with little compara tive loss by the seamen and marines, and a practicable place for disembarking the troops having , been thus se cured, the combined forces under Sir 11. Gough took possession of Paoushan, a city of the third class, at the northern extremity of the sea-line batteries, without fur ther resistance. In detailing these operations, I beg to inform their Lordships that, as soon as the guns, arms, and military stores of every description taker. at Chapoo were effec tually destroyed, not a moment was lost in re-embark ing. the troops. The fleet sailed thence on the 28th of May, and on the following day reached the Rugged Islands, lying 14 leagues distant to the eastward, where Commanders Kellett and CoHinson had recently discovered a safe and extensive sound, conveniently situated as an anchorage for the expedition, pending the further examination of those officers, assisted by Lieutenant Maitland, of the Algerine, to ascertain a safe channel for the large ships into the Yang-tse 7 Kiang ; hut it was not until the 4th inst. that they were able to rejoin us with a satisfactory report of their investigation. The fleet proceeded to the norhward on the following day ; but from the strength of the tides, calms, fogs, and the necessity of anchoring during the nights, we did not arrive at the appointed rendezvous off the Amherst Rocks before the Bth, when the Modesto, with the Nemesis and Phlegethon steam- vessels, were immediately detached off Woosung, to intercept any communication with that place ; and six of the small vessels were at the same time placed as beacons at the edge of the shoals on the north side of the channel leading into the Yang-tse-Kiang ; this highly important duty was executed most skilfully by Commanders Kellett and Collinson, as no landmarks are visible on the low banks of the river by which the dangers can be defined, and the Ariadne iron steam vessel very narrowly escaped foundering, by striking on the point of a rock before unknown, near the position taken up by the Algerine. This rock is awash at low water, and had not more than four or five feet on it at the time ; the bottom of the steam-vessel was completely' perforated, and the compartment which contains the en= gine instantaneously filled with water ; but by prompt assistance from the squadron, and a sail being got under her bottom, the leak was sufficiently absorbed to enable her, with the assistance of the Sesostris, to reach Chusan,' where I trust her damages will he made good in a few weeks. 'The weather continued too thick for the ships again to break ground before the 13th, when I am happy to say the Cornwallis, conducted by Commander Kellett, and accompanied by the squadron, viz., the Blonde, Colum bine, Jupiter troop-ship, Phlegethon, Tenasserim, Me dusa, steam-vessels, and twelve transports, succeeded in reaching the anchorage off Woosung under sail without a single accident, though running for a distance of 30 miles in water, which only exceeded by three feet the draught of this ship. I found that Commander Watson, with Mr. Forster, the master of the Modeste, had been indefatigable since their arrival in making observations and sounding the narrow channel, by which alone the Woosung river can be approached. The banks at the entrance were lined with strong batteries, the western side presenting for three miles an uninterrupted fortified embankment, mounting 134 guns, between the city of Paoushan and the village of Woosung. This village is bounded by a creek, on the opposite bank of which a semicircular bat tery, mounting ten 24-pounders, was erected to flank the entrance of the river. A strong fort, mounting 21 guns, at the eastern entrance of the Woosung, completed the sea defence, making a total of 175 guns, which were all placed in judicious positions. . . The distance between the last-mentioned fort on the east side and the main battery on the west lineis scarcely a mile, and the channel which runs between them on the west side in a curved direction is not more than 320 yards wide. A close reconnaissance was male by Sir Hugh Gough and myself in the Medusa steam-vessel on the 14th ; but. we were unable to discover any spot where the troops could be landed, except under the guns of the ships ; and I could not entertain a doubt of soon effecting the object, if they could be placed in good positions for cannonading the works. Although the weather was unfavourable, every diffi culty was overcome by the zeal and perseverance of Commanders Kellett and Collinson, assisted by the masters of her Majesty's ships—viz., the Cornwallis, Mr. j. Coaker ; the Blonde, Mr. H. A. Thomas ; the Modesto, Mr. J. T. Forster ; the Columbine, Mr. E. G.. Wills, who during the nights sounded and buoyed the channel with admirable accuracy. The Medusa was then advanced as near the batteries as we could venture to anchor her, supported by guard-boats, to prevent the Chinese removing the buoys, and 'by the vigilance of Lieut. Hewitt, none Of them were disturbed. The Sesostris returned from Chusan on the lrith, and the wind being adverse for the ships taking up their sitions under sail, I determined on placing them against. the batteries by the aid of the steam-vessels, - and the following morning being from the state of the weather and tide favourable for our purpose, they were lashed alongside her Majesty's ships at dawn of day, and at six o'clock the whole proceeded to the attack in the following order:—The Blonde, towed by the Tenasserim; the Cornwallis, towed by the Sesostris; the Modeste, towed by the Nemesis; the Columbine, towed by the Phlegethon ; the Clio, towed by the Pluto; the Algerine to get in as far as possible under. sail, the Medusa being reserved to meet any unexpected contingency. The Blonde and Cornwallis were directed to anehfr against the heaviest batteries at the entrance on the western side, and when placed, the sloops were to pro ceed higher up under the cover of their fire, to attack those adjoining the village of Woosung, and the flanking battery immediately opposite to it, which it was evident could be passed and enfiladed if the depth of water marked on the charts in our possession proved correct. The Blonde was kept ahead of the Cornwallis, to be ready to support the sloops should they require it, the narrowness of the channel in which we were to anchor making it doubtful in that event whether there would be space for her to pass this ship. _ _ _ Captain Bourchier led in with his accustomed gal lantry and ability, closely followed by the Cornwallis, bearing my flag, under a heavy fire from the batteries on both sides, which we were obliged to approach. 'Com manders Kellett and Collinson handsomely volunteered their assistance as pilots ; and about half-past 6 o'clock the two ships were anchored by the stern, in excellent positions, within 500 yards •of the batteries,. the sloops passing on successively to their stations. The Algerino was obliged to bring up astern of the Cornwallis, and the Sesostris, after casting oft' this ship, in proceeding to take a station to enfilade the fort on the eastern side, unfortunately took the ground, but in a position which enabled Commander Ormsby to render very essential service, of which he ably availed himself. Before the Tenasserim could take up her assigned station the North Star was observed outside endeavouring to enter the Channel; the termer vessel therefore was dispatched to to;v her into position, and wider the gui dance of Commander Kellett she, was placed in a good berth, ahead of the Blonde, in time to participate ill our operations. The Tenasseritn then attempted to ; lo eas t e rn battery, with which the Sesostris and some of the larboard guns of the Cornwallis were engaged, but doing so she likewise took the ground, although in a si tuation to render very effective service. It is but justice to say, that the Chinese evinced much firmness at their gunS, and kept up a smart fire for a considerable time, although it graAnally slackened after the ships opened on them. The gun practice of the squadron equalled the most sanguine expectations, and by eight o'clock our opponents were all driven from their batteries, those opposite to the ships being reduced to a ruinous state. Large bodies of troops, however, were still, observed from our mast heads collected in different directions to oppose our landing, but they were at length dispersed by shills, which were thrown with excellent precision by the gun nery officers of the Cornwallis and Blonde, with the ad dition of some rockets from the former ship. During the proceedings at the entrance of the river, the Modeste, Columbine, and Clio, led on with gr ea t spirit by Commander Watson, and skilfully conducted by the steam-vessels respectively attached to them, gal lantly and completely achieved the service assigned them. The Modeste pushed at once into the creek at the village of .Woosting, while the Columbine and Clio approached the opposite flank of the semicircular bat tery, which was immediately abandoned. am!, the guns adjoining the village being soon silenced, the three commanders landed at the head of their men about eight o'clock, and took possession of it, but not without sonic resistance from the Chinese troops in that quarter. On perceiving this movement, the main body of the seamen and marines, who were already in the boats, immediately disembarked opposite the Cornwallis and Blonde, under Captain Bouchier, supported by Captain P. Richards and Sir J. E. Home, and, forming- a junction with Com mander Watson's party, the whole line of the western batteries were completely in our hands. The Chinese in the eastern battery, which also suffered considerably, retired shortly afterwards, when Com. mander Ormsby promptly landed l‘ it h a party of men from the Sesostris and Tenasserim, and destroyed the guns and works. The smaller steam-vessels equally contributed to the success which attended Commander Watson's division, and when the Nemesis and Phlegethon were disengaged from the Modeste and Columbine, Lieutenants Hall and M‘Cleverty proceeded with their usual activity in chase of 13 war junks which had tired on them in their ad vance ; these were totally destroyed, each mounting about three guns besides small arms, but the crews after sustaining .m 6 loss made their escape. Three small junks, newly const•ructed with paddle-wheels to work b 3, hand, were also taken. In performing this service the- Nemesis took the ground and remained some hours on shore, hut got off without injury ; and I must not omit to notice the exertions of the Medusa and Pluto with similar approbation. • • • No . tinie was lost in dispatching the available -steam vessels for the troops, and before one o'clock I had the satisfa2tion of seeing the whole of the land forces disem barked without accident under their gallant General op posite to the Cornwallis, and in the afternoon the com bined forces entered P aous h an w i t h out res i stance . I now acquit gladly n• part myself of a very ' gran of my duty in be.ari t y, a testimony the gallantry il a ntry and satisfactory conduct a :the captains, conunanders, oft l eers, and inn of all ranks in the Royal and Indian nttv.y and roiyal Marit ultd4t. c4puti,sha. it tconld tWAHE,soinc,nons fo pailiculAse where a 1 have displayed the taost emulative spirit of enterprise.. and zeal, the whole'being entitled tOtay Unqualified com mendstion ; but from the special, position of my flag' captain, I may be allowfd, without prejudice to these sentiments, to express my acknowledgments for the very valuable assistance whirl; I at all times derive from the unwearied exertions and good judgment of Captain I'. Richards, and I may add that my skretnry, Mr. B. Chitmno. and ilag-lientenant; C. L. Tennant, have inva riably attended me on every occasion of service with most praise.vorthy zeal. I transmit herewith for their Lordships`'`,information lists of the killed and wounded, the damages 'sustained in the respective ships, the names of the otlieers who were attached to the landing parties on the I th, and an ac count of the guns which have been taken. It is impossible to state accurately either The force or loss of the Chinese, as they are (pack in renewing those who have such red; but, from the number of bodies found in different directions, I cannot estimate their killed at. less than 100, and a proportionate number of wounded ; and, from various accounts, they most; have had front 5,000 to 10,000 men for the defence'of Woosung and Paonshan. Many additional guns have fallen into our b3.nds at and to the northward of the city ; a considerable num ber of those taken are of copper, which we are now em barking in the ships of war and tramportS, and as soon as the destruction of the Chinese military stores is completed, the General and myself propose to advance on the city of Shanghae. I have, &c., W. PARKER, Vice-Admiral. To the Secretary of the Admiralty. • A Return of Killed and Wounded on board her Atajesty's Ships and Vessels; and'those of the Indian Navy, in the Attack on the Batteries of Wousung, the 16th June, 1842. Blonde—Killed-Ist Lieutenant, C. C. Hewitt, R.M., 1 seaman; Wounded—Mr. Richard Purvis, midshipman, slightly; Mr. G. T. Pay, interpreter, slightly; 1 seaman, severer - . Modeste— Wounded-2 seamen, slightly ; 3 private marines, severely. Columbine—Wounded - 1 private marine, severely. Clio—Wounded-1 seaman, severely. Algerine—Wounded-2 seamen, severely ; 1 private marine, dangerously ; 1 corporal, 8,111., slightly. Sesostris Wounded Mr. E. Roberts, .master, slightly; Mr. A. J. Smith, mate, slightly ; 3 seamen, slightly. Nemesis—Wounded-1 seaman, slightly ; I.,Bombay artilleryman, dangerously. Pluto—Wounded-1 seaman, dangerously. Phleget ,n—Wounded-3 seamen, severely. Total—Killed 2, wounded 23. • ACCOI 7 NT OF ORDNANCE CAPTURED AT WOOSUNG. 79 guns, varying from 24 to 67poundrrs. gqns varying :'void 1;. to 1 -pounders. frif kifits total. List -of,lic.r Majesty's .ships and vessels and,thoe of the Indian navy engaged in the operations against Woo sung on' the l tlth of Jane, 1842. Cornwallis,' Capt. Peter Richards. Blonde, Capt. Thomas Bourchier, North Star, Capt. Sir J. E. Ilo.ne, Bart, Mo , leste, Commander R. B. Watson. Columbine, Commander W. If. A,. Morshead.. • Clio, Commander E. N. Trowbridge. Algerine,,Lieut. AV. 11. Maitland. Jupiter, Mr. G. B. Hoffineister, master commanding,. Sesostris, Commander H. A. Ormsby, Indian Navy. Pluto, Lieut. J. Tudor. ILN. Phlegethon, Lieut. J. .T. M'Cleverty, R.N. Nemesis, Lieut. AV. 11. Hall, R.N. Medusa : Limit. H. 11. Hewitt, Indian Navy. Tenasserim, Mr. A. P. Wall. acting master, R.N. List of Officers belonging to her Majesty's ships and ves • sels, and those of the Indian Navy employed on shoat under the command of Captain Thomas Bourchier, C.8.,0f her Majesty's ship Blonde, at the capture of the iatteries of Woosung, 16th day of June, 1842. Her Majesty's ship Blonde.--Captain Thomas Bour chier, C.B. ; Lieut. Samuel B. Dolling ; Mr. Alexander Anderson (mate) ; Mr. T. F. C. Hamilton, ditto ; Mr. John Simpson, assistant-surgeon ; Hon. 0. W. M. Lam hart (midshipman) ; Mr. Robert Jenkins, ditto ; Mr. Henry J. Lyon, ditto. Her Majesty's ship Cornwallis.—Captain Peter Rich ards ; Commander Charles Richards ; Lieutenant Grey Skipwith ; Lieutenant James Fitzjames ; Lieut. James Stoddart ; Lieutenant Charles R. Carter ; Mr. E. W. Vansittart (mate) ; Mr. Augustus P. Greene (mate) ; Mr. George 11. Hodgson (mate) ; Mr. Nicholas Van sittart (mate) ; Mr. Henry 0. Hollinworth (mate); Mr. Stephen Stanley, assistant-surgeon ; Mr. Charles I'. Blahs (ditto) ; Mr. William Bowden, volunteer first class. Royal Marines.—Brevet-Major James Uniacke; Capt. Fran. S. Hamilton; First Lieutenants George Elliot, W. S. L. Ateherly, Henry Timpson, F. J. White. Her Majesty's ship North Star.—Captain Sir J. E. Home, Burt. ; Lieutenants Francis Woodgate (seiljr Lient,) ; John Elliot ; Mr. Henry Clarke (mate) ; Henry F. N. Rolfe (ditto). Her Majesty's Sloop ModeSte.-'L-Commander R. B. Watson ; Lieutenant J. F. Birth (senior) ; Mr. 11. R. Crofton (mate) ; Alr. 11. S. Wilmot (assistant-surgeon) ; Mr. W. F. Nott (midshipmen Indian navy). Her %Itijost y 's . Sloop Columbine,-Lieut. P. A. Help man (senior), Mr. Sherrard OshOrne (midshipman). Herltajesty's Ship Clio.-Commander E. N. Trou brid;4e ; Lieutenant John Craig ; m g . Archibald Little (M.D.,, r assillant-surgeon) ; Ilickley (mid Shipman) 'Mr. F. S: Gt•ey (stiliciffitltnerary shipinan). .ller Majesty's brig Algerine.—Lieut. W. 11. Mait land ; Mr. Augustus Butler (tuidshipan). 1 J u n. compaoy'A Steam• vessel Sesostr4.—Communder H. A. Ormsby ; Lieut. James Rennie ; Mr. Patrick ernickshankS (aSSiSttint;.surgeon) ; Mr. Charles Nixon (mate) ; Mr. Row land Jerinyn (midshipman). Hon. Compans7s Sit,mm-vessoal Tenasserim.—Mr. W. Hume (second ollieer);' Mr. J. Vaughan (senior mid shipman) ; Lieut. Charles E. Tennant. flag lieutenant. Cornwallis, oirWoosung Harbour, June 24. Sir,—ln anticipation of; our advance on Shanghae, communicated in my letter of the 17th inst., I beg to acquaint you, i'or the information of my Lords Commis sioners of the Adatralty, that, the rhlvgethon and Medusa were divatehed up the river on that day with Commander Kellett, to ascertain if any obstructiPon might be expected, either from the Chinese forces or want, of water for the steam-vossels in their passage with the troops ; but they returned in a few hours, having been stopped by two strong batteries on each side of the river, about six miles above Woosung, that on the left. bank mounting 46, and on the opposite 14 guns ; the latter opened a distant but ineffectual fire on the towed by the e mesten i n-vessels. l si i s,. 1 11 )1 :% n, Columbi litto, were ne, therefore immedi a t e ly l sent in advance, with directions to Commander Watson 'l 11(7ttheo' to take up a position its near as possible to these bat teries, without. drawing their fire, until the'rxix!ditionary forces joined bit:. to destroy the guns tun' stores in them, if the panic caused by the attack of the 16th should induce the Chinese to hilt them without much resist ance ; and I now tranwit a vory cif einnmander \Vat sows rep. ()V his havitw taken po - F , sesEioh of both these w‘w . ks witlionropposition. the Dido, with eight tr ans p orts, forges were joined on the 16th by . The expeditioWary containing the 9el Madras Nat iv, hifant and other reinforcements from India, and. the ilestrneti o n o f tlw guns and military stores at Paoushan anti Woosung being now completed, the troops were eilll'jrkcd, ou the .roonling or on. 19th, in the Te nasserim, Nemesis, Phl ege th on , and Pluto, which respec tively toi . ik the North Star, - Modeste,Colunibine, and Clio, in tow, and proceeded: up the river, the marines of the squadron being put on board the Medusa, in which the General and his staff did me the honour to accompany in', together with Captains 11oereltier, 11ichards, and 'Keppel, and a !ley boats from their respective ships to assist in landing; the troops. A force of about 500 men, including some Horse Artillery, were .nlso despatched by the General by laud towards Shanghae, which is about twelve miles above Woiv i mg. With the exception of one or two narrow (11211241 s we found no difficulty in 11 a V iga ting this splendid rifer, and by half-past one o'clock had approached within 'eight of the city, when the North Star, which was leading, ob• served a range of hat tcries at the north end of it, which soon afterwards op eell a distant fire without doing imiy mischief ; the squadron were then directed .by signal to east off the steamers and engage, when the ships promptly shot in to close positions, and on the dischanee of two well-directed broadsides from the northtitar and Modeste (by which four guns ere dismount e d) and a few guilts from the steam-vessels, the ()ll' n a 'Chinese find with e n : ( tr l t l i a n ri l l 3 lc o s u , rchier imin t ‘di a t e lY l anded ii ith the seamen and to o k posseSsion of the batteries, on which 49 guns (17 of br , a) were mounted, and a considerable quantity of arms of different descriptions, the whole of which, with the exeeftion of the brass guns, were destroyed. The troops disembarked in the cite froth tluostrain vessels nearly at tho same, when they • were jotnedi by the party that marched from CFO sung, which 1 d • 1 previons.y entered on the west side, but themandarin s I • authorities liad nll fled, and the principal inhabitants were derrting as fast :is possible in every dincti on.. The Columbine and Medusa were sent to the' south ward or the city to endeavour to cheek this • hut although the river tit Sllnnglifteis notle e ss po th rt aTi ti a , yards wide, it was. literally covered with junks and boats, of all sizes, carrying off furniture and goods. The re• spectable inhabitants, however, who did remain, ep- Pearetl to regard its with less apprehension than I had anywhere before seen, and they freely produced the sup plies of provisions, &e., that were required. We were i"frmed that the day before our arrival it striate affray had occurred between the inhabitants and a rMindarin party, and several lives lost, in consequence of the heavy exactions of the latter, for the avowed purpose of de fending the place, and th..ir hasty abandonment of it oa our approach. A large quantity of guns, arms, and .other munitions of war, as well as an abundant stony of rice, were found in the arsenal and magazine at tihangliae, and while the hind forces were occupied in examinitir and destroying them, and the ships in getting on - the brass guns, feeling it very desirable to ascertain, as far as it was practicable, the navigable course of the river and otker water com munications of the interior, Captain Dint.- chier and Commander Kellett proceeded on the s)Otk with the rhlegethon and Medusa, the barge, and some marines of the Cornwallis, and a boat of the Colum bine, PH. 30 milts without interruption, when two bat teries of five gnus each were observed on the left bank, in the supposed vicinity of Sungkeang ; they were, however, abandoned on the approach of the steam vessels, and Lieutenant 'Wise, with the boats and Ma rines of the Cornwallis, landed and destroyed them without resistance, although a considerable body of troops. had goionibled within a Ohtxt distance,