The Sun. — London, England, 1849-05-09 00:00:00

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS. NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MAY 5, 1849. Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*243 Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... 46 Tubercular Diseases ... ... 193 Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 118 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels ... 34 Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of Respiration ••• ••• •• • •• • •• • •• • 161 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion... •.. ••• ••• ••• ..• 50 Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. ••• ••• ••• 13 Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &.3. ••• 10 Diseases of the Joints, Bonus, and Muscles ... 8 Diseases of the Skin, &c. ••• ••• 2 Malformations... ... Premature Birth ... ••• 2( Atrophy 1( Old Age ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••. 3Z Sudden ... ••• Violeme, Privation, Cold, or Intemperance ... 1( Causes not specified ... DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES ..• .•• 981 Population Averao weekly Deaths Enumerated, Deaths, 1844-8. in the 1841 Five Springs. Week. We3t District 3... 300,711 North Districts.. 375,971 Central Distr:zts 373,653 East Districts ... 392,444 South Districts.. 501,190 145 185 168 207 258 151 187 167 196 285 Totals... ..... 1,948,369 Males . Females ... ... Males BIRTHS IN THE WEEK. Females ... Total ... ~• ... 1,522 *ln this number are included 41 cases of death by Scarlatina, and 36 by Typhus Fever. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE OF TUESDAY. WHITEHALL, MAY 7, 1849. The Queen has been pleased to constitute and appoint the Right Hon. Robert Montgomery Lord Belhaven to be her Majesty's High Commissioner to the General As sembly of the Church of Scotland. WHITEHALL, MAY 8. The Queen has begin pleased to present the Rev. John Macaulay, M.A., to the Rectory of Aldingham, in the county of Lancaster, and diocese of Chester, void by the death of Doctor John Stonard. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Lancashire. Lancashire Hussars—William Edwards Hughes, Gent., to be Cornet, May 1. WHITEFIALL, APRIL 30. The Lord Chancellor has appointed John Luke Peter, of Redruth, in the county of Cornwall, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in th-. High Court of Chancery. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. John Wesson, lace manufacturer ' Nottingham. BANKRUPTS. Richard Dearie, licensed victualler, Charles-street, Soho-square, to surrender May 19, at half-past one, and June 9, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Follett, official assignee, Sambrook-court, Basin ;hall-street; lanes, Biaiter-street. Jame; Killick, carpenter, Dorking, Surrey, May 14 at ball-past eleven, and June 25, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Turquand, official assignee. Guildhall chambers; Smallpiece, New. square, Lincoln's Inn-fields. William Bush, builder, Kentish-town, May 17, at eleven, and June 19, at twelve, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Groom, official assignee, Abchurch-lano, Lom bard-street ; Ivitney, Chancery-lane. Alfred Baldwin East, scrivener, Birmingham, May 23 and June 20, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham ; Spencer and Rollings, Birmingham. Edward Capatick, upholsterer, Greenwich, May 22, at twelve, and June 19, at eleven, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Old Jewry; Mardon and Pritchard, Newgate-street. James bavies, builder, Bromley, Middlesex, May 16, at half-past eleven, and June 21, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Bell, official asssignee, Coleman-street buildings; Linklater, Charlotte-row, Mansion-house. Willi - am Phillips, draper, Brynmawr, Brecon, May 23, and June 21, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Hutton, official assignee, Bristol; Holme, Loftus, and Young, New-inn, London; Prideaux and Son, Bristol. Thomas Maddocks, jun., cattle salesman, Westbury upon-Severn, Gloucestershire, May 22, and June 19, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Acraman, official mince, Bristol; Wilkes, Gloucester. James Hymers, newspaper proprietor. Gateshead, Durham, May 22 and June 14, at two, at the Newcastle neon-Tyne District Court. Baker,official assignee, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Chater, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Edward Yates, veterinary surgeon and blacksmith, Leeds, May 21, and June 12, at twelve, at the Leeds District Court. Hope, o ffi cial assignee, Leeds; Sudlow and Co., Bedford-row; Middleton, Leeds. John Bell and James Bell, jun., drapers, Richmond, Yorkshire, May 24, and June 14, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Young, official assignee, Leeds; Tilson and Co., Coleman-street; Robinson, Richmond; Cour tenay, Leeds. Charles Gough, ironmong er, Altrincham, Chester, May 24 and June 1 4 , at twel ve, at the Manchester Dis trict Court. Hobson, official assignee, Manchester; Raw, Furnival's Inn; Cunuah, Chester. Thomas Tindle, banker, South Shields, May 21, at twelve, and June 19, at one, at the Newcastle District Court. Wakley, official assignee, Newcastle; Lawrence, Crowdy, and Bowlby, Old Fish-street, Doctors'-com mons; Griffith and Crighton, Newcastle. DIVIDENDS, At the Court, Basinghall-street. R. Kimpton, Crescent, Jewin•street, Cripplegate, jew eller, May 31, at: one—H. W. Hemsworth, Primrose street, Bishopsgate-street, wine merchant, May 31, at twelve. In the Country. J. Perry, Exeter, cheese and bacon dealer, June 7, at one, at the Court, Exeter—W. Menadue, Liskeard and Camborne, Cornwall, watchmaker and ironmonger, June 7, at one, at the Court, Exeter—F. Davis, Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, Dorsetshire, wine and spirit mer chant, May 31, at one, at the Court, Exeter—H. Warr, Bridport, Dorsetshire, currier, May 31, at one, at the Court, Exeter—R. Martin, Tavistock, Devonshire, tan ner, June 7, at one, at the Court, Exeter—R. Moyle, Penryn and Redruth, Cornwall, ironmonger, May 31, at one, at the Court, Exeter. PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS. R. K. Mann, ICingston-upon-Hull, wine merchant, first dividend of 6s. Bd., and final of Is. 4d., any Tuesday, between the hours of eleven and two, at the office of Mr. Hope, Leeds. E. Jennings, Horsfortb, Yorkshire, corn miller, 9d., any Tuesday, between the hours of eleven and two, at the office of Mr. Hope, Leeds. W. Cameron, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, confectioner, 2d., any Saturday, between the hours of ten and three, at the office of Mr. Baker, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. NOTICES OF CERTIFICATES. At the Court, Bssinghall-street. . . . . G. Cannon, Prospect-place, Ball's-pond, bricklayer, June 6, at eleven—J. Johnson, jun., Uxbridge, and Iver, Buckinghamshire, common carrier and farmer, May 29, at twelve—W. Pithy, Philpot-lane, Fenehurch-street, merchant, May 31, at eleven—W. \Vaterman, Breach ley, Kent, farmer and cattle dealer, May 31, at one—W. Simmons, Piccadilly, tobacconist, May 30, at one—G. Bait, Moorgate street, City, tailor, May 30, at eleven— C. Sneezum, Woodbridge, Suffolk, grocer and provision merchant. May 30, at half-past eleven—J. Robinson, Slough, Buckinghamshire, grocer and cheesemonger, May 29, at eleven. In the Country. E. Burnell, jun., Bitton, Gloucestershire, cattle dealer, May 31, at eleven, at the Court, Bristol—E. Brooker, Cheltenham, carver and gilder, May 31, at twelve, at the Court, :Bristol—T. B. Jones, Brecon, imitator and brewer, May 29, at eleven, at the Court, Bristol—W. L. Adams, Selby, Yorkshire, clock and watchmaker, May 29, at eleven, at the Court, Leeds—J. Cooper, Newcastle-under-Lyme, small ware dealer and haber dasher, June 12, at ten, at the Court, Birmingham. At the Court of . Review, May 29 _ _ _ J. Thompson, Leeds, tea dealer and grocer—R. Ash forth, Birmingham, hardwareman—T. Nesbitt and R. C. Nesbitt, Sunderland, brewers and spirit merchants—C. J. Spence, Stockton-upon-Tees, Durham, timber mer chant—J. R. Price, Aberdare Iron works, Glamorgan.. shire, druggist and stationer—W. Thornley, Ripley, Derbyshire, grocer—T. Wilcock, Leeds, cutler—A. J. Crowther, Church Garforth, Yorkshire, draper and grocer—J. Holley, Norton Saint Philip, Somersetshire, miller—J. Frayne, North Molton, Devonshire, draper. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. H. Barnes, C. Barnes, and E. Barnes, Liverpool and Melbourne, Port Philip, merchants (as far as regards E. Barnes)—A. Ogg and T. Howard, Northampton, iron and brass founders—W. Douglass, T. Cairncross, and G. Cowley, Sunderland, ironfounders (so far as regards W. Douglass)—M. Wallis and G. Holman, Mayfield, Sus sex, surgeons—J. Leishman and B. Price, Dollar and Uttoxeter, railway contractors—S. Meidola and A. Ber landina, Camomile street, City, printers—W. Barlow, S. W. Sexton, and F. Wilde, Openshaw, Lancashire, wool len, silk, and cotton dyers (so far as regards W. Barlow) —J. Hutchinson and T. B. Stone, Little Waltham Essex, surgeons—J. Gaunt, J. Wardle, J. Alsop, and J. Wain, Leek, Staffordshire, silk manufacturers—J. Whi taker, and J. Milns, Spotland-bridge, Lancashire, dyers —Jane S. Thomas and H. G. Thomas, Penwith, Cornwall, grocers and general merchants —S. Nuttall, and J. Hill, Bolton-le-Moors, and Man chester, toilet and quilting manufacturers —W. Burdett and J. F. Wood, York-terrace, Commercial. road, linendrapers—J. Chadwick. sen., and T. Chadwick, Manchester, estate agents—W. Copp and J. H. Poynter, Exeter, linendrapers—T. Shepherd, H. J. Evan:, and W. Meredith, Ys;radyfodog, Glamorganshire, coal mer chants (so far as regards W. Meredith)—J. Gr a et zer , H. Hermann, and J. A. Hofmann, Huzgin-lane, Wood street, Cheapside, commission agents (so tar as regards J. A. Hofmann)—D. Rose and D. Rose, M,xley Forge and Darlaston, Staffordshire, ironmasters—J. Whitwell and H. J. Stevens, Mark-lane, City, corn factors—J. W. Dali and C. Dali, Samlisbury, Lancashire, cotton spinners—T. Palin and T. Woolley, Liverpool. painters —G. B. Hetherington and T. H. Grimsdale, Uxbridge, Middlesex, brewers —S. Myers and P. Mann, Leeds, msltsters —J. Shaw and G. Manes, Scarborough, clothiers—Jane Eliz tbeth Hunter and Elizabeth Caro line Hunter. Barking, Essex, laundresses—T. Jarvis and J. W. Marsh, Rotherham, York..hire, slate merchants. INSOLVENT PETITIONERS. James Anstey, Birmingham, greengroutr. Benjamin Badmin, Walton, Soasersetshire, teazle dealer. John Lawrence Hinton, Eaat Stonehouse, Devonshire. James Law, Kettering, Northamptonshire, builder, OAS-LIGET AND CONE COMPANIES. ' Dividend \ Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. I Price. - Annum. Share. X. s. d. A. s. d. British .. .. • • 11. 40 0 0 IS 0 0 14 Ditto Provincial.... Si. Bs. 20 0 0 19 0 0 18 Bristol .. •••.•• • • • • • • 101. per cent. 20 0 0 Brighton ...... ••• • .. 51. per cent. 20 0 0 16 City of London .. •• • • 101. 100 0 0 100 0 0 250 ContinentalConsolldat. 925. pr share' 50 0 0 39 5 0 26 Equitable •• •• 455. pr share 50 0 0 50 0 0 ! 32 Imperial ...... ••• • • • 61. per cent. 150 0 0 50 0 0 6636 Independent ....... • • 61. per cent. 40 0 0 40 0 0 62% London - 50 0 0 30 0 0 12% Ditto.. • - 150 0 0 50 0 25 Phoenix . 5l. per cent. 5O 8 0 46 0 0 23 Ratcliff .... • .. ••• • • • 51. 1 100 0 0 90 0 0 75 United General .... • . 43%1. pr cent.; 50 0 0 50 0 0 121 Weatnainster Chartered 31. 150 0 0 49 Ditto, New .... 12s. j5O 0 0 10 0 0 93( CANAI.S. Names of 6 Price . (Dividend Names of t ,Di vide n d Companies. per Companies. ta. per is Annum. Anunt. " en I Ashtn& Oldh 97 71. - Macclesfield . 100 21. 10s. - Barnsley •• • • 160 121. 180 Neath 100 181. 340 lirknk&Abrg 150 51. 85 Oxford.. •• • 100 201. 186 Birmingham; 35; 41. ; 81 Peak Forest. 78 31. 18s. - Coventry....lloo 25/. 210 Regent's- 33 11. 55. 1839 Derby •• • • •1100 61. 63 Rochdale.... 85 41. 54 Ellsfure&Chs 133 ) 565. 40 Somrset Coal 150. 71.105. 130 Erewash . • •1100, 321. - Do . LkFdSt 121 61 . p. c. - GrandJunctn l loo 51. 80 Stffrd &Wore 1401 281. 310 Grand - Surrey 100 21. 30 Shrewsbury.. 125 1151* - Grand Union, 100 11. lOs. 24 Stourbridge.. 145 201. 285 Grantham • • .150 - - Severn and? 21. OS. - Kennt & Avu 39 7s. 6d. 5‘ Wye Rail. j 26 Leeds& Livrp 100 30/. 320 Warwick&} 1 00 41, 50 Leicester.... 140 51. 63% Birming. Leicstr &Nth 83 41. 45 Warwick/ 100 31, 41 Lou4hborogh 142 701. 650 Napton.. Monmonthsh 100 81. - Worcstr &J 78 23. 41 Mntgentrysla 100 - Birming. Meltn.Mwbry 100 - - Wilts & Brks , - 11. 10 LIST OP SCOTTISH COSIPANIES' PRICES Dividend Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. Price. Annum. Share. - X s. d. 1 X s. d Bank of Scotland British Linen Company 81. per cent. 100 0 0 100 0 0 193 Caledonian Bank City of Glasgow Bank . 61. per cent. 10 0 01 10 0 0 11 .5 Clydesdale Bank •• •• Gl4 per cent. 20 0 0 10 0 0 12.% Commercial Bank Eastern Bank.. •• •• 61. per cent. 25 u 0 1G 0 G 9!. 7s Edinb..t Glasgow Bank 61. per cent. 5 0 0 5 0 0 5% Exehangeßnk of Scot.. 4/. per cent. 100 0 0 50 0 0 30 Isle of Man. Company 71. per cent. 10 0 0 7 0 0 - Naticnal Bank 6% per cent. 50 0 0 10 0 0 13 North of Scotland Bank 41. percent. 20 0 0 5 0 0 31.175. North British Bank Royalßank of Scotland 5/. per cent. 100 0 0 100 0 0 11634 Union Bank of Scotland 8/. per cent. 100 0 0 50 0 0 80% Western Bank •••• •• • • 81. per cent. 50 0 0 50 0 0 7334 Aberdeen Fire and Life 7%1.pr cent. 12 10 0 20 8 2% B. Accord . Life aad Fire 20 0 0 011 0 - British Guarantee Ins. 4 7 . per cent. 10 0 0 1 0 0 lOs Od Caledonian Fire Insur. 101. per cent. 100 0 0 10 0 0 21 Church of Engiand Ins. 50 0 0 2 0 0 2 City of Glasgow Life 6l. per cent. 25 0 0 2 0 0 21. lis Edinburgh Life Insur. 61. per cent. 100 . 0 0 12 10 0 183¢ East of Scotland Life lO 0 0 015 0 93.0 d. Eng. & Scot, Law Life 51. per cent. 50 0 0 217 6 - Hercules Insurance Co. 71. per cent. 100 0 0 10 0 0 - Insur. Co. of Scetlnd•• Sl. per cent. 100 0 0 10 0 0 I - Life Assoc. of Scotland 51. per cent. 10 0 0 1 0 0 N. 63 Mercantile Life .. • • National Fire and Life 51. per cent. 10 0 0 1 0 0 1203.6 d North British Incur s%l.pr cent. 200 0 0 20 0 0 , 22U North & West of Scot. 61. per cent. 10 0 0 1 0 0 175.6 d. Scottish Life and Guar, 20 0 0 0 11 0 - Scot. Mas. and Gen. Life 1 0 0 015 0 - Scottish Union Inarnce. 6341. pr cent. 20 0 0 1 0 0 11. Is Standard Life •• - • Si. per cent. 50 0 0 5 0 9 34 United Den. Assurance 51. per cent. 10 0 0 0 ,148.6 d MISCELEANnous. Dividend Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. Price. Annum. Share. X. s. d. X. s. d. Australian Agricriltnrl 100 0 0 30 0 0 17),4 Anglo-Mexican Mint ll. 4s. 10 0 0 10 0 0 - Ditto, Half Shares 2 10 0 Canada ... • • GL per cent. 100 0 0 32 10 0 31 Uppr Canada Bonds 51. per.cent. - 88 City Navigation - 1 - 9014 Comp .Cppr Mnrs Eng 5l. per cent. 100 0 0I 70 0 0 - Gen. Revers. & Invest. 3 p. c.fe. bs, 2/ 100 0 0 'lOO 0 0 90 Equitable Reversionry 5/, pr cent. 100 0 0 ;100 0 0 100 Gen.SteamNavigation 11.8 s. 15 0 0'14 0 0 22 London Institution .• • 78 15 0 - Russell Institution •• - - -, 26 5 0 3 1 Peninslr& Orient.Stm. 81 . per cent. 50 0 0 50 0 0 63 Reversionary Int. Soc. 43¢1. pr cent. 100 0 0 100 0 0 90 Royal Mail Steam •• • • 61 18 .. 4 . p. /100 0 0 60 0 0 52 South Australian •. 11. per share. 25 0 0 25 0 0 16 Van Dieman'a Land.. 100 0 0 23 0 0 1% MARKET INTELLIGENCE. MARKET INTELLIGE., CE. (From the London New Price Current, May 8.) SUGAR.—To-day there was a further improvement in the market for all sorts of raw sugar, and a less quantity was on offer. There was a brisk demand for West India for home trade purposes, and the rates obtained in the private market were 6rl per cwt above those current on Friday. A public sale of 150 hhds Barba does went briskly at an advance of 6d to Is per cwt; find yellow realised 42s to 42s 6d, middling to good 40s to 41s 6d, low 39s 6d; 120 hhds, 3 tierces, and 257 barrels of St. Lucia, sold at stiffer rates, good yellow fetched 393 6d, good grey 38s 6d to 395, low to middling 37s to 38s, and good brown 36s to 36a 6d per cwt. The total purchases today amounted to 1,520 hhds, &c. The market for all sorts of Sugar closes with much firmness. REFINED.—To-day Refined Sugar met with a ready sale for home-trade purposes, and better rates were ob tained. Brown grocery lumps sold at 51s to 51s 6d, and Standard Lumps 523 to 52s 6d per cwt. Of infe rior sorts the supply is barely sufficient for the demand. Bond.fd Crushed Sugar finds a brisker sole at 39s to 303 6d per cwt. MA URITIUS.—This afternoon Mauritius Sugar met with increased attention, and the public sales of 4,591 bags went at an advance of from 6d to la, and the biddings were spirited—fine yellow realised 40a 6d to 41s 6d, good 393 6d to 403, low to middling 37s 6d to 395, fine brown 375, arid low 335 per cwt. By private treaty several purchases have been concluded in all de scriptlons. EAST Itibta.—This afternoon Bengal Sugar was in good demand, and the public sales of 1,286 bags went at an advance of 6d per cwt, good white Benares realised 42s to 42s 6d, low to middling 393 6d to 41s, middling and good soft yellow 37s to 395, ordinary 36s 6d, fine brown 34s to 34s 6d, and ordinary 32s per cwt. A good business has been concluded by private treaty at similar rates. FOREIGN.—To-day there vr as to public sale of Foreign Sugar; privately, however, a fair business was concluded at former rates, and on the part of holders there is con fidence. Cocoa,—West India is still held with firmness, and none has again been submitted to public sale. By private treaty operations were upon a more extended scale, and at firm rates; Trinidad, red has been selling at 403 to 465, and. grey 38a to 435. Only a moderate demand exists for Foreign, yet holders are firm, and require 28s to 30s per cwt. MOLASSES.—The market for West India hes a more active appearance, and prices have an upward tendency. By private treaty 200 puns have been sold at 20s for Trinidad, and at 21s 6d for fine Dominica; there are many buyers rather under these rates. Bengal Treacle is held for 16s to 16s 6d. COFFEE—This afternoon the quantity of Ceylon Coffee offered at public sale consisted of 289 casks and 1,712 bags; there was less demand, and a part only sold at rather lower rates. Native good ordinary went at 30s 6d to 31s 6d, real good ordinary 32s 6d to 335, triage 28s, damaged 29s 6d to 31s 6d; Plantation, very superior 75s to 90s, middling and good 50s to 60s, low middling 4as to 47s Gd, fine to find fine ordinary 35s to 435, and in ferior 30s to 34s per cwt. There was little business done in the Foreign Coffee market. TEA.—There is no variation to record in the value of black, but a good demand exists, and on the part of holders firmness is apparent. To-day a greater desire was manifested to do business in both black and green Ten, and former rates are well supported. SPICES.—To-day a public sale of 750 bags of Malabar Pepper went at nel to 3id for shot, and at 3d to 314 per lb for damaged; these are rather higher rates. RICE.—To-day only a limited business was concluded in East India Rice by private treaty. At auction 1,000 bags Bengal were only in part sold at former rates; fine white went at 105 Gd, and damaged 9s to 9s 6d per cwt. There is a fair amount on offer by private treaty. INDIGO.—The quarterly sale of East India commenced to-day. Previous to the commencement, and during the progress of the sale, 1,190 chts were withdrawn. 832 cuts have passed the sale. The mid and ord qualities of Bengals went off at an advance of 2d per lb on last sale's prices. Of the good and fine shipping quali ties but little as yet has passed, and may be quoted at the last sale's prices. Madras and Kurpaha sold with spirit at from the February sale's prices to 2d advance. The quantity Lought in this day, is 151 chests. The rates obtained for Bengal were from 2s to 5s 3d, Madras 2s 2d to 3s 3d, and Oude 2s 5d to 2s 9d per lb. SALTPETRE.—Tu• day some parcels of rough were sold by private treaty, but at rather lower rates. The value of low to fine Calcutta is from 27s to 29s per cwt. There was no public sale. SPIRITS.—To-day there was little passing in Rum. East India is to be obtained at is 2d to is 24(.1. Lee ward Island Is 3d to is 4d per gallon. Brandy met with and increased demand, and realised higher rates. Cognac best brands of the vintage of 1846 was sold at 5s 3d to 5s sd, 1847 ditto 4s 3d to 4s sd, 1848 3s 7d to 3s 9d, and superior sorts 2s 4d to 3s 6d per gallon. FRIIIT.—To-day at auction 394 pkgs of Currants were sold; Zante at 34s to 365, Patras 36s to 375; 165 pkgs Cape Raisins, good 3Ss; 20 halt boxes Prunes, ord 17s, and 50 drums Sultana Raisins, damaged 50s per cwt. TALLow.—Only a limited business has been concluded in Russian on the spot during the last few days, and a fall in the value has taken place. There are sellers of fine P.Y.C. at 38s Gd to 3Ss 9d, and a further fall is expected to take place. For delivery in last three months of the year only small contracts have been con cluded at 39s 3d to 39s 6d. Home melted has been in good demand at 37s to 38s net cash. Of other sorts of Tallow large parcels have been sold at auction, but at easier rates; 65 casks Odessa Yellow Candle went at 35s 3d to 35s 9d fur ord quality; 558 casks, 165 boxes South American, good and tine. 37s to 395, low to mid 36s Gd; 321 casks of Sydney at 33s 3il to 38s for prime. For auction 1,000 casks, &c., of tallow aro declared. For rough fat the price has fallen to 2a ld per stone. Osas.—To-day Linseed Oil was dealt in with more readiness at 26s per cwt on the spot, and the market has a firmer tone. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 9, 1849, Daniel Smith, Neen Savage, Shropshire, miner. Thomas Davies, Bedwiilty. Monmouthshire, mason. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATION. W. Wilson, New Scone, wool spinner, to meet within the Salutation Hotel, in Perth, May 14 and June 4, at one. PRICES OF SHARES IN BANKS, ASSURANCE, AND OTHER COM• PANIES' STOCK. From the Official List. PUBLISUED EVERY TUESDAY AND FRIDAY EVENING. LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 8. JOINT-STOCX BANES. Dividend Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. Price Annum. Share. .-- -....--- - --- A s. d. A i. d. Australasia .......... - 40 0 0 40 0 0 - Britshliorth American 51. per cent. 50 0 0 50 0 0 - Ceylon ••••..•• • • • • •• 71. per cent. 25 0 0 25 0 0 - Commercial of London 61. per cent. 100 0 0 20 0 0 - CJionial.. .... ..... .. 51. per cent. 100 0 0 25 0 0 - Gloucestershire ••• • • • 15Iper cent. - - - lonian ••••••.. • • • • • • 161. per cent. 25 0 0 25 0 0 - Londn and Westminstr 61. per cent. 100 0 0 20 0 0 24 - - 13 0 0 - London Joint-Stock ... 61. per cent. 50 0 0 10 0 0 - Yrovincialof Ireland.. 81. per cent. 100 0 0 25 0 0 39 Ditto, New. ••••• • • • 8/. per cent. 10 0 0 10 0 0 - National of Ireland .. 51. per cent. 50 0 0 22 10 0 - {at. Provincial of Eng. 61. per cent. 100 0 0 35 0 0 - Ditto, New. •••• • • • , 5/. per cent. 20 0 0 10 0 0 - South Australia •.•• .. 1 51. per cent. - 22 10 0 - Union of Australia •• •• ! 61. per cent. 25 0 0 25 0 0 - Ditto •• • • .... ••• • - ! 6/, per cent. - 210 0 - Union of London... - . 61. per cent. 50 0 0 10 0 0 - Union of Madrid - 40 0040 0 0 - I I INSURANCE COMPANIES. Dividend Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. Price Annum. Share. -- -. X a. d. I X a. d. Albion •.---• • •• •• 3/. 108. 500 0 0 1 50 0 0 75 I Alliance Brit. and For. 61. per cen t. 100 0 0I 11 0 0 19 Ditto Marine. ••• • • • 61. per cent. 100 0 0 5 0 0 - Atlas . .. . British Commercial - 7s. per share 50 0 0 5 0 0 5% Clericl,Med.&Gen.Life spr ct.& bs. 100 0 0 10 0 0 19 Comity .......... - - W. 100 0 0 10 0 0 - 14s. 50 0 0 5 0 0 - Eagle . . Etr,.&Scot.Law -5/. per cent. 50 0 0 212 6 - European Life ••• • • • 53% per cent. 20 0 0 All paid. - FamilyEndowmat Soc. 41. & bs. 100 0 0 4 0 0 - Freemasons' ......• • • CI. per cent. 20 0 0 3 0 0 - iliac ..... ...... •• • • 61. per cent. Stock. - 121 Grartilan - 51. 100 0 0,36 10 0 - Imperial Fire ...- •• •• 121. per cent.; 500 0 01 50 0 0 220 Imperial Life ........ 12s. 100 0 0, 10 0 0 14% Indemnity Marine •• .• 11. sh. & bs. 100 0 0 1 513 1 - Law Fire - .......... - 100 0 0 I 2 10 0 2% Law Life•....... •• .. 11. 16s. 100 00j10 0 0 44 Legal and General Life - 50 0 0 2 0 0 41 105. Loden Fire ........ 10s. 25 0 0 ll2 10 0 15 London Ship ........ 10s. 25 0 0 12 10 0 15 Marine -•--- - .. - 100 0 0 i 15 0 0 83, MO. 11 - wild /4 Gen. Life 4%1. per et. 50 0 0 2 0 0 2% Yational Lean Fund.. 51. per cent. 20 0 0 210 0 - National Life. - Palladium Life 5l. per cent. 50 0 0 2 0 0 210 x. - - - - Price:llx . - - 141 Protector Life.-- - W. per cent. 20 0 0 1 0 0 - Provident Life........ 11. ss. & bs. 100 0 0 10 0 0 26 Kock Life.. • - ........ ss. 5 0 0 010 0 5% Royal Exchange 5l. per cent. Stock. - 154 Sun Fire ......... - - 203 Ditto Life 11. Os. - - 44 Universal Life lO% pr cut. 100 0 0 I 9 0 0 - Victoria Life - I 4 0 0 4% nurtaGms Dividend Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. Price, Annum. Share. £. s. d. X. a. d. Charing-cross .•. - - 25 0 0 - Southwrk ,Nw Snb. AT. - 632 12 8 - 134 Ditto Nw of 734 p. c. 355. per cent. 50 0 0 - 4 Waterloo .......• .. - 100 0 0 -3% Ditto Old Ann. of SI. 11. ss. 4d. - 60 0 0 27 Ditto Nw ditto of 71. 11. 2s. 20. - 40 0 0 24 Vauxhall .... ... Av. 11. 17s. 70 10 3 - 24 • DOCMS. Dividend Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. Price. Annum. Share. ------ - £ a. d. , £ a. d. Commercial •• . - 75 East and Wast India : Si. pr cent. Stock. - 133 East Country - - London • •• I 51. pr cont. Stock. - 111 Ditto 80nd5.... • • .. , 41. per cent. - - - St. Katharine --• • .. 4 per cent. Stock. - 83 Ditto 80nd5........ 4%1. pr cent. - - - Southampton ••- - - 21. per cent. , 50 0 0 50 0 0 , - WATER-4,01=5. Dividend Amount , Name of Company. , per of Paid. Price, Annum. Share. - 1 - £ a. d. £ a. d. East London. ..... •• • • 81. 100 0 0 - 173 I Grand Junction •• •• •• 2l. 108. 41 13 4 - 80 Kent.......... •• •• - 1 31.105. 100 0 0 - - Lambeth ...... ••• • • • ( 31. per cut. 109 0 0 - 97 New Rivr Lndn Brdge , 21. 10s. - - 55 Vauxhall - - ........ 51. per cut. 100 0 0 - 100 West Middlesex . . . 61.04. pr ant.' - - 140 THE ARMY. CHATHAM, MAY 7.—MILITARY OFFICERS FOR INDIA. —The following officers from the several depots form ing the Provisional Battalion, are selected by Colonel Thomas Weate, KIT., for embarkation to join their re giments in India:- 10th Foot—Lieut. James Van Hartnals Montague, Lieut. A. Montgomerie, Lieut. M. Valent Bull, Ensign F. B. Sandwith, Ensign B. M'Culloch Peard, and En sign F. Beatty. 18th Foot (Royal Irish)—Captain Thomas Barnes, Lord Cobrance, Captain Ashton, Lieut. Thos. Martin, Lieut. Anthony W. S. Armstrong, Lieut. C. Wood wright, Lieut. William T. M'Gregor, Ensign Elliott, and Ensign A. M. Jones. 24th Foot (2d Warwickshire)—Capt. F. C. Skurray, Lieut. Acton De Vehlle, Ensign W. V. Munnings, En sign Robert Hamilton Montgomerie, and Ensign John A. O'Neill. _ _ _ 29th Foot (Wercestershire)—Major Anthony St. G. H. Stipney, Lieutenant H. G. Colvill, Ensign William Congrave and Ensign Frederick Brown. 32d Foot (Cornwall)—Lieutenant James Wemyss, and Ensign William James Anderson. 61st Foot (South Gloucestershire)—Captain T. P. H. Fitzmayer, and Ensign John Crawford. 80th Foot (Stafford Volunteers)—Captain James D. Morris, Lieutenant Benjamin B. Boxer, Lieutenant Charles F. Arnie], Ensign George Sullivan, Ensign Juhn Wilkinson, and Ensign Thomas P. Quill. 96th Foot—Captain J. Snodgrass, Lieutenant Patrick J. John Grant, Ensign W. T. Little, Ensign George Bentinck Cumberland, and Ensign D. W. Dundee. 98th Foot—Lieutenant John H. Meade. The above officers are for Bengal, and the following officers are for Madras—viz.:— 25th Foot (The King's Own Borderers)—Major A. Armstrong Barnes, Captain James Ogilvey, Lieutenant Stewart Northy, Lieutenant R. Mascie Taylor, and Ensign Alexander Strange. 51st Foot (King's Own Light Infantry)—Captain Perry Rice, and Ensign William James Baillie. 84th Foot (York and Lancaster)—Captain F. A. Da vidson, Lieutenant Lightfoot, and Lieutenant John G. Bolton. PLYBIOUTH, MAT s.—Major Burnaby, of the Royal Artillery, at Woolwich, has succeeded Lieut.-Colonel Rowland as Colonel of the Plymouth division. The Queen's birthday is to be celebrated by the troops on Mountwise, Devonport, on the 19th inst., at which also the several companies of enrolled pensioners in this district are to be in attendance. No further drill for the season is to take place, in order, it is said, to meet the wishes of the reform financiers. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, MAY 3.—The latest intelligence from Hungary states that General IVohlgemuth is now with his corps in the vicinity of the Weag, that Ge neral Schlick is advancing with a very large force to wards Comorn. The gross of the army at St. Peters burg is estimated at 60,000 men. The actual position of Bern is not ascertained. The intelligence that he has taken Terneswar is not contradicted. Lieute nant-General Berg, of Russia, arrived here from St. Petersburgh on the Ist, bearing the consent of the Czar to the immediate co-operation of the Russian rmy against Poland and Hungary. The command in chief of the Russian army will be confided to General Rudiger. The garrison of Vienna has been reinforced by 1,000 men, and now amounts to 22,000. Intelligence from Pesth brings the account of a sitting held by the:Hungarian House of Representa tives, - which met in both Chambers on the 14th of April, and decided that Hungary should he legally united to Transylvania and proclaimed an independent European state. 2dly. That the house of Hapsburg Lotheringia, by its treachery, breach of faith, &c., should be for ever excluded, and banished for ever from the throne of Hungary. idly. That the Hun garian nation, in virtue of its right as an independent kingdom, will enter into friendly alliances with the neighbouring Italian and Turkish States. 4thly. That until a regular system of Government shall be organized by the National Assembly, a Pre sident shall be appointed, with a responsible Ministry. After some debate Ludwig Kossuth was unanimously elected President, and the carrying out of the above resolution confided to him, assisted by E. Szacsvay and S. Garove. The Wiener Zeitung of this day contains a procla mation by Baron Welden, inviting patriotic persons to join as volunteers in a corp arquebusiers about to be organized with the consent of his Majesty. ROYAL COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SURGEONS. — On Monday the annual general meeting of this college was held in the Freemasons' Tavern, Great Queen street; Thomas Turner, Esq., president, in the chair. The election of officers for the ensuing year, agreeably to the charter, having been gone through, the secretary proceeded to read the minutes of the last meeting. which being confirmed, he went on to lay before the court the fifth annual report. From this document it appeared that during the past year twenty-seven new members were admitted to the college, making the number of diplomas granted by the college to members, since its obtainment of the charter, 273. The balance-sheet showed the receipts to be (including the previous ba lance of 193/) 3901, and the disbursements 2551., leav lag a balance of 1351. Upon the motion of Mr. Hunt, seconded by Mr. Baker, the report, after a lengthy and very warm discussion, in which many disgraceful per sonalities were thrown out by various speakers, was adopted by . a majority of nineteen to six. A vote of thanks was.then hurriedly passed to the chairman, and the greater portion of those present departed, lest some other angry quarrel should arise. CommissioN OF CITY SEWERS.—The Commis sioners assembled at the Guildhall yesterday, Mr. Deputy Peacock in the chair. After the transaction of some ordinary business, including the examinations of the reports of the inspectors, several of the inhabitants of Newgate-street presented a petition, praying that the Court would order that great thoroughfare to be regu larly watered, and that the expense might be defrayed out of the Consolidated Rate. The subject was ulti mately referred to the General Purposes Committee. POSTAGE TO SOLITLIERN EUROPE AND TURKEY. — On and from the 15th of this month, the pre-payment of postage will be optional on letters to Constantinople, G . .datz, Bucharest, Jassy, Ibrailli, Betusehany, Salo- MCA, Scutari, And 6eres. IDIPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS, May 8. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock. REPORTS. Tho reports on the following Bills were considered and agreed to: — Reading, Guildford. and Reigate Railway (Branch to London and South Western Railway—No. 2). Windsor Extension of th© Windsor, Staines, and South Western (Richmond to Windsor) Railway (with power to the London and South-Western Railway Com pany to subscribe). London and South-Western Railway (Extension of Time for the Purchase of Lands and Completion of Works on the Basingstoke and Salisbury, and Farnham and Alton lines). The consideration of the report on this Bill having been moved, Mr. COLES moved that the Bill be re-committed, and that it be au instruction to the Committee on the re-com mitted Bill to entertain the petition of certain residents in the town and neighbourhood of Andover, deposited in the Private Bill-office upon the 7 th day of this instant May. The Hon. Gentleman stated the grounds oa which he sought the House to relax its standing orders, but th e motion not having been seconded it of course fell to the ground, and the report was agreed to. Colonel VERNEI presented a petition from Armagh in favour of aid for the Church Education Society. Colonel MURE presented petitions against travelling on Suadays. An Hos. MFIBEIt presented petitions in favour of national arbitration. Mr. MUNTZ presented a petition from Birmingham in favour of local boards of trade in order to arrange terms between master and man. Sir J. TROLLOPE presented a petition from Lincoln complainintr that protection had been departed from. Mr. PLUMP IRE presented a petition from Kent to the same effect. Mr. P. WOOD presented a petition praying that measures might be taken to supp ress p rost i tut i on . Mr. LACY presented a petition against the Alteration of Oaths Bill. Mr. CHRISTOPHER presented a petition praying for the restoration of a moderate import duty and the abolition of all local burdens which pressed unjustly upon the agricultural interest. Mr. COWAN presented several petitions from Scot land against the Registration Bill, Marriage Bill, and the Lunatic Asylums Bill. Mr. M. GIBSON presented a petition from the Society of Arts praying that they might be permitted the use of a public building for their exhibition of British ma , uulactures. INSOLVENT MEMBERS BILL. INSOLVENT Mr. MOFFATT postponed the second reading of this Bill until the 6th of .Tune. VOTE BY BALLOT. Mr. 11. BERKELEY postponed his motion for leave to bring in a Bill to take votes for Members of Parlia ment by way of ballot until the 24th of June. COLONIAL GOVERNM.EN r. Mr. ROEBUCK gave notice of his intention to move on an early day fur a Committee of inquiry into some mode for the better government of the colonies. Sir W. 110LESWORTH gave notice that on the 24th inst. he would move for a Committee to inquire into the cost of our colonial government, with a view to giving free scope to private enterprise on the subject of colo nizition. DEBTS FROM FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS. _ _ Mr. ROEBUCK gave notice of his intention to move, on an early day, for a Committee to inquire into the amount of debts due to this country from foreign states. REPEAL OF THE MALT -TAX. _ Mr. FRE WE I presented a petition from farmers attending Hayward'a Heath Market fur the repeal of the malt• tax. CANDIDATES FOR TIIE ARMY. Mr. EWARTsaidhe had understood from the Secre- tary of War some time ago that he would lay on the table of the House the regulations for the examination of the candidates for the army; ho begged to ask again if the Right Hon. Gentleman was disposed to lay a copy of those regulations on the table of the House. Mr. F. MAULE said he would havo no objection to produce the papers in question if the Hon. Member would move for them. Mr. EWART—Then, Sir, I do move for them now. JOINT-STOCK BANKS. On the order of the day being read, Mr. HEADLAM rose to move for leave to bring in a Bill to render lawful the formation of Incor porated Joint-Stock Banks, based upon the principle of a limited liability of the shareholders. In doing so he said, in a commercial country like this it was of the highest importance that the laws which regu late the system of joint-stock banking companies should be based on the clearest principles which reason, fortified by experience, could discover.. things Not the least of the evils of the present state of was, that it had brought discr edit u p on the whole system, and prevented that fu ll develo p ment of it which was necessary for the full play of the capital and energies of this great country. When they considered the infinity of mercantile transactions that were constantly carried on, and which affected the em ployment of the labouring classes, and especially when the House contrasted what we had done with what had been done in other countries, they could not fail to be of opinion that if a bet ter system had been adopted the country would have been greatly benefited. When the failure of one of these banks took place, the energies of the whole district were paralysed, public confidence shaken, whole masses of the people left unemployed, and irrepar able injury thrown upon a banking system which wider a wise limitation of responsibility would not exist. Joint-stock banks were comparatively of recent growth in this country. When they were first established men were sanguine of their success, and shut their eyes to the dangers that attended them. It was held out to the world that a limit could be placed upon the responsibility of the shareholders, and clauses were inserted in the deeds of settlement providing that in case a certain amount of the capital were lost the business of the bank should be wound up, but so long as the present law ex ieoxpheirsiehnacoed isted, it was perfectly right to attain the obj ec t o f limit ing liability by clauses in deeds, or " con di t i ons i n charters.—(Hear, hear.) And y e t suc h a ll urements and misrepresentations were held out t o th e pu bli c to t hi s day, and in districts too where the public mi g ht b e sup posedin the s u ch m prospectusatt ers. — 0 f a bank in which this captivating con diti on o f li m i te d (Hear, to have had He some experience responsibility was held out to the shareholders, and, without mentioning names, he might state that these prospectuses were continually appearing in paragraphs and advertisements in the public prints.—(Hear, hear.) Another characteristic of the evil of the present system was, that it allowed every bank a degree of credit which was thoroughly false in principle and perfectly injurious i n practice. A joint-stock bank did not borrow money upon real security, but generally upon the security of its proprietors. There were instances in which as much as two millions had been raised upon the security of the proprietors, and he held that that was the most dangerous power which they could possibly place in the hands of any body, unless controlled by a superior power. In case of failure, if the law worked *ll, two alternatives ought to be held out to the propriTary, either to make good the capital which had been lost, or to wind up the hank and bring it to a conclusion at a comparatively trifling loss. But as the law now stood, the bank could continue i ts operations for' a considerable time upon borrowed capital after it became bankrupt.—(llear.) The law gave the strongest possible inducement that any system could give to every indi v id ua l i n t h e b an k to maintain the unhealthy system which he had been en deavouring to describe. From the first commence ment of the bank till the failure took pl ace the operati o n of those laws marked the road to ruin ; and not until that failure had taken any healthy operation. It pl ac e did the bank come to the knowledge of the House that would bein 18- 9 6 jo before int-stock banks were not ' lawful in this country. Th e Bank of En g land then possessed what were generally, though erro neously, called exclusive privileges in banking. The Bank of England had not an exclusive monopoly in banking, but it had an exclusive privilege, in the fact that it was the only corporation which could carry on the trade in banking. The Bank of England was a corpora tion in the strict term of our law, a corporation being the complete merging of the individual in the body corporate. The Bank of England had two of the greatest elements of stability and permanence ; first, a limited liability in a corporate character, and, secondly, a paid-up capital. The Bank of E ng l an d by its paid-up capital and the ad vantages conferred by its charter, had been enabled to confer much public good. The liability of the share holders being limited, that establishment possessed an ad vantage over other smallerones, which was unjust. They had applied to be placed upon the same footing, but the Bank had objected, though Mr. Huskisson and Lord Liverpool were of opinion that the advantages possessed by the Bank of England should be extended, since they could not fail to tend to the promotion of commerce. He had now said sufficient to enable the House to form some idea of the origin of unlimited liability, and the same effects whi c h resulted from it in early years fol lowed in 1833. At that time, however, the Charter of the Bank of England came to an end, and then an opportunity was afforded to Government of placing the banking system upon a safe footing. Lord Althorp did, indeed, endeavour to pass a Bill of this nature, but cer tain objections were raised against it, end he failed to pass it. Since then, however, the Bank of England had pursued a more liberal policy, they had given up all their restrictions but this one, and he had no doubt, if the house now expressed an opinion adverse to its continu ance they would be prepared to give that up too.—( Hear.) Having stated the defects of the existing law, he would now mention the nature of the provisions which he pro posed for the purpose of remedying them. In the first place he required that no individual should be able to form a bank without the sanction of the administrative Government of the country. He proposed that a pe tition should be laid before the Board of Trade, stating the circumstances which rendered it expedient that an additional bank should be created, so that the governor should be able to judge whether it was properly constituted, and whether it was desirable that another bank should be formed. He also required that, before the promoters received letters patent a certain sum should be invested in the public funds ; but he would not prevent the bank availing itself of the sum so invested when periods of difficulty and danger arose, although he required that no dividend should be declared until the sum was reinvested. In addition lie provided that a bank should produce its accounts, which were to be kept in a particular form, four times during the year; and that if there were any material error in them, that the parties who were aware of it should forfeit the share which they had in the bank. He did not think that thero would be any practical difficulty in putting that provision into operation. The effect would be that the accounts would be perfect Amounts, and the public might depend on such accounts. The public would have, first, the capital paid up, and they would know, secondly, how the bank was going on by the continued publication of its accounts. The security of the public would, therefore, be considerably greater than it was at the present moment. There was a provision in the Bill to enable existing companies to come within its provisions. There were some other minor provisions; but, looking at the length of time he had addressed the House, he should not deal further with the provisions of this Bill. He did not propose the 13111 as a theoretical measure; for they had tried that plan in this country, and in Scotland ; and in America, where m uc h a tt en ti on had been paid to the science of banking, a similar plan to the one proposed had worked well. France also had tried it, and looking at the extension of now banks, and to the disastrous results that had taken place with respect to many, and that the plan he proposed had been approved of by Mr. Hes kisson and Lord Liverpool, he thought he had a right to ask the House to permit him to introduce this Bill, with the view to the protection of shareholders, who wero exposed to greater temptations than men should be subject to,—(Cheers.) Mr. EWART seconded the motion, having for many years entertained similar views to those enunciated , by the Honourable Member. He was opposed to unlimited liability, because it afforded no definite protection to the public. The Scotch system had been so successful because it was based upon the principle of limited liability. The CHANCELLOR, of the ENCHEIVER said his Hon. and Learned Friend had, in the course of his speech, gone into various details of the measure which he proposed to submit to the House ; but into those de tails he would not follow him, as he was opposed alto gether to the principle of limited responsibility in banks, which the lion. and Learned Gentleman contended for. Ho thought it was but fair to him to state at once his opposition to the principle of the Bill, and his determi nation to take the decision of the House on the principle of limited or unlimited responsibility as applied to banks, and, therefore, it would be uncessary for him to go into details. Last year he had certainly received three or four representations from parties in favour of the views held by the Honourable and Learned Gentle man, but all of them came from the town of Newcastle, where this notion of limited liability had taken hold of the public mind. From no other part of the country had ho received a single representa tion in favour of the principle of limited liability. His Hon. and Learned Friend had stated correctly that ' the 7th and Bth of Victoria prohibited limited responsi bility; but ho had referred to an advertisement of a bank about to be established in London, in which " limited liability" was put forward. This advertise ment was extracted from the Newcastle Chronicle, where it had been inserted no doubt to meet the views of the people with whom the advertisers had to deal. It had been inserted probably by the agent of the proposed bank in Newcastle, and it contained in large letters the words " responsibility to be limited."—(A laugh.) Any one, however, who read the advertisement would discover how far the liability would be limited, and there would not be found in any paper but the Newcastle Chronicle the words "responsibility limited."—(A laugh.) It was, in fact, a quack advertisement, meant for the people by whom it was to be read.—(Hear, hear.) His Hon. and ' Learned Friend, however, rightly stated that the 7th and Bth of Victoria enacted that the partners of a bank were 1 responsible for the liabilities of the bank. The ques tion was whether a limited liability or an unlimited liability tended most effectually to the ultimate solvency and good management of a bank. Attaching as he did no inconsiderable importance to the ultimate solvency of a bank, ho agreed with his Hon. and Learned Friend in thinking, that the immediate solvency and good ma nagement of a bank was of still more importance. He did not think it necessary to enter into the history ot the various attempts to alter the law on this subject. He had at all times found public opinion to be against limited liabilities. In 1836, on the motion of his Hon. Friend the Member for the Tower Hamlets (Sir Wm. Clay), a Committee on: Joint-Stock Banks was ap pointed. That Consmittc e sat for three successive ses sions. His Hon. Friend examined several witnesses, " and had the opportunity of ascertaining the opinions of practical men, and of expressing his own opinion on the subject of limited and unlimited responsibility, but not one single word was said in the report of that Com mittee on that subject. That was rather a strong proof that his Hon. Friend could not prevail on the Committee to express an opinion one way or the other. Gen. Austin was examined before the Committee, and he said,—" There is a great difference of opinion as to unlimited liability and limited liability. I think that a middle course may be steered." Mr. Stuckey was also examined, and he gave it as his opinion that " Persons of wealth and respectability would join with limited liability. I every day hear of persons of property taking shares." Mr. James was of opinion that " Unlimited responsibility affords better security. Un limited responsibility does not prevent persons from em barking in joint-stock banks, properly conducted." Mr. Gieb:ns stated that " A charter of limited liability might induce respectable persons to purchase shares. It might make the directors more negligent in looking alter the concern. I think there might be danger to the public in limiting the liability." Then came Mr. Robertson, who said—" Wkere there are small stock banks, with small proprietaries, I think the security which they would give to the public would not be of that unquestion f able description which it ought to be." Then there was an Irish Member, Mr. Callaghan, who stated—" I think the condition of unlimited liability is the better of the two; it is a security to the public. In the in • stance of the late bank that stopped we have full proof of that." There were only two other witnesses examined upon that subject; the one was Mr. Samuel Martin, who said—" I do not see myself any public ad • vantage or security to be derived from limited responsi bility.' The last witness was a gentleman whose name was often mentioned in that House as one of the highest authority upon all commercial affairs—Mr. Samuel Gurney. Ile was asked—" In reference to the system of joint-stock banks, do you conceive it would be an improvement or at disadvantage to the present system if joint-stock banks were permitted to be established with a limited liability? I think it would be a very serious addition to the evils of the case." What he had thus read must leave a decided impression on the House that the weight of evidence of the majority of those who were most competent to give an opinion on the subject was distinctly against the principle of limited liability. His Honourable and Learned Friend had said there were two points that would be obtained by limited liability coupled with the publicity of the accounts. Now, as to the publicity of the accounts, his Honourable and Learned Friend appeared to place more reliance on that circumstance than experience induced him (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) to do. Then his Hon. and Learned Friend was ot opinion that limited liability would command greater confidence than unlimited ; but he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) did not think there was much in that argument. He did not believe that a bank founded on limited liability would, in the case of a panic—which it was said generally occurred every ten years —prove to have obtained less credit—at least, credit sufficient to get everybody into a scrape— than a bank founded upon the principle of an unlimited responsibility. Upon the whole, he must say, from what they had seen of late days—that as to a restricted confidence being placed upon a limited responsibility— the extraordinary sums which had been vested in rail. ways completely refuted that supposition, while the utter falsification of accounts and the utter mismanage ment of those concerns must convince every impartial mind that neither in the case of restricted confidence nor in the accuracy of accounts was the argument in fa vour of limited liability. Upon the question of insole vency, no man could entertain the slightest doubt that a bank, where all the partners were liable to the full ex tent of their property must afford a better secur;t I than where the partners were only liable to a limited extent. In the case of a bank of limited liability no one would think et vesting his whole property in it; but in the case of a bank of unlimited liability the whole property of the person holding a share in it would be responsible. Now, unless his lion. and Learned Friend could prove that a part was greater than tho whole, an unlimited re sponsibility must be better than a limited responsibility. That was capable of mathematical proof. Then came the question of good management. What was the best security for good management? Surely it was the con sequences that would fall upon the shareholders if they did not watch vigilantly over the affairs of the bank. It was true when banks of unlimited responsibility got into discredit they found themselves obliged to do extraordi nary things for the sake of maintaining their credit, but banks of limited responsibility did much the same. They paid interest on moneys borrowed and dividends on their shares out of their capital. In the case of railroads those establishments were founded on the principle of limited responsibility—they paid interest on sums borrowed, and dividends on their shares, but how? Out of their capital. Within the last six or eight months these railroad companies—with a limited responsibility—had taken steps quite as extraordinary and quite as dishonest as any body founded on unlimited responsibility ever did in this world. It was alleged that there had been great mismanagement on the part of joint-stock banks. lie admitted the fact, but it had not often arisen from their having invested not only their deposits, but their paid up capital in securities which rendered it not immediately available when wanted? Neither a limited liability, nor the publication of accounts, could protect under those circumstances against failure. What was the best se curity for good management? The degree of interest which the parties felt in seeing that their concern was so conducted as to protect them from loss. If, then, a party was liable to the amount of 10,0001. he would feel a greater interest in 16oking after the ma nagement of the concern than if he were liable only to the extent of 100/. But the principle advocated by his Hon. and Learned Friend was quite the re verse of this ; and it was one which appeared to him to be contrary to mathematical truth, to all thd prin ciples that regulated human action, and to the dictates of common sense. In the United States the principle of limited responsibility was acted upon; but had there been no failures there? Now, in Scotia-el, where the principle of unlimited liability prevailed, the failures were remarkably few, while in the United States ho found it stated in a book written by Mr. Gilbart—a most eminent practical banker—that no less than 165 char tered banks had failed in America. In his History of Banking in America, that gentleman said—" Unlimited liability gives greater security to the public." . • • • " Unlimited liability is to a certain extent a guarantee for prudent management." cases even this has been found to fail, are there no failures on the other side? Has not limited liability been also tried and failed? Ara the 165 chartered banks that have failed in America to go for nothing?" The Right Hon. Gentleman concluded by sas ing that he thought he had shown that the principle of limited liability was no se curity whatever against mismanagement. He did not at this time consider it necessary to go at greater length into the question. He agreed with his Hon. R r. d Learned Friend that the two main points were to secure imme- I dilate solvency, but still more good management; but he did not conceive that these two objects were so likely to be attained by the adoption of the principle of limited responsibility instead of unlimited responsibility, and therefore, as he wished to take issue upon the question as to which was the most advantageous mode, he should resist the introduction of the Bill of his lion. and Learnsd Friend, which was based on the principle of limited liability. Sir W. CLAY supported the motion for the intro duction of the Bill. Lord Liverpool, Mr. liuskisson, and Lord Ashburton were in favour of banks of limited liability, and it was solely in consequence of the apposi tion of the Bauk of England in 1846 that the experi ment was prevented from being made. He bad not a moment's hesitation in saying that if the present princi ple were to be maintained he would much rather go back to the old system that existed prior to 1826; for it was impossible to deny that the private banks of that period were incalculably better than the joint-stock banks of the present day. Mr. CARDWELL considered this to be a very simple question—it was a question as to the application of the rules of ordinary common sense to the transactions of a very familiar business, the business of banking. The question was, how were they to obtain well-constituted and well-conducted banks ? Was it by requiring that every person interested in them should be under the serious responsibility of being liable to the whole extent of their fortunes, or would they allow persons to whom a few thousand pounds was a matter of comparative in difference to place that money in an institution where they expected a high rate of interest, but who might be careless about its safety, and therefore not vigilant as to the mode in which that business was carried one In re ference to this question, Mr. S. Gurney having said before the Committee appointed on the motion of the Hon. Ba ronet (Sir W. Clay), " I think we should retain all the evils of both systems and none of the advantages of either," the lion. Baronet asked this question, " Have the goodness to state what are the evils we should retain of the system of private banking ?" He an swered, " We should have a security interior to that which most private banking establishments give, and, generally speaking, a less safe system of manage ment." That was the language of Mr. Gurney in 1836, and it was the language of experience and common sense in 1849. It was proposed that no additional bank should be established without the sanction of the Board of Trade. Considering the effect of such a provision on the colt mercitl interests of the country, he thought it needed very little observation to see its utter impracticability. Then it was proposed that a portion of the funds of the bank should be invested in public securities. The effect of this would be to enormously increase the price of the funds in good times, and proportionately depress the price in a period of pressure. As to the publication of accounts, he had received a letter from a gentleman who was himself a conductor of a joint-stock bank in which he said that—" I do not believe that any mode of stating the accounts could be devised that could enable the public to judge of the state or unworthiness of any particular bank, or that any auditorship would be a satisfactory pledge for its real position." The writer went on to say—" I have a very strong opinion that if you limit the responsibility of shareholders in joint-stock banks you will take away from the public the only really valuable security that they possess; and that any law establishing joint-stock banks with limited liability would be most objectionable as regards the safety of the community at large. Without the power and ability to scrutinize every bill and account of a bank the publication of its assets, &c., would only be like to deceive. By carrying forward as good securities that cannot be realised, bills overdue and unpaid, and debts owing by parties who have not met them with re gularity, it is obvious that accounts may be made to as sume any aspect that may best suit the views of those who have the management of a hank or any other large concern." Was that act consonant with every day's experience? He had had a document tent to him which was not altogether dull or unassuming; he had received it from a gentleman of the highest respectability. It purported to be the prospectus of a joints-stock bank, but ho did not guarantee its accuracy, therefore ho would not mention names, but give it as an imaginary case. Suppose the bonds of a certain township near Liverpool, amounting to 70,0001., on which no interest was paid : "The revenue of the township barely meets its current ex penses; there are bonds amounting to about a quarter of a million which have a prior claim both for principal and interest before anything can be paid towards this debt either in interest or principal. The value of these bonds, amounting to 70,000 0001., is nil. Collieries and mines, 40,0001.; value 9,0001.; bank-house, 21,3751.; value, 10,0001.; loss on bills and accounts, 30,0001.; value nil; loss on bills and current accounts at branches, 52,5001.; value nil. Total, 213,8751., from which deduct 19,0001. as estimated value of property, leaving 194,875/. The capital as per last report is 149,4731.; the esti mated loss beyond capital is 45,4011." Now, just ima gine a bank in that condition.—(Hear, hear.) The Honourable Baronet (Sir W. Clay) would no doubt argue that with a bank of limited liability such losses would never have occurred; but he asked the Hon. Baronet to give proof of that, and not be content with assuming, that because there had been failures with banks of unlimited liability, there would be no failures if the liabilities were limited. He (Mr. Card well) would venture to express his belief, that if there was any business more than another in which they should abstain from limited responsibility, and in which they should render gambling impossible, it was that of banking. Banks were the great reservoirs to which the streams of commerce flowed, and from which, in times of pressure, came the supplies which commerce required.—(Hear, hear.) Under these circumstances the calamity in a district on the failure of a bank was in deed fearful. He would repeat the early part of the speech of his Hon. Friend (Mr. Headlatn), sentence for sentence, and word for word, in which he had pressed upon the House the sufferings and calamities which had occurred, and he would say that if, notwithstanding all the vigilance of private banks, and all the wide resources of joint-stock banks, those sufferings and misfortunes had occurred, they should be careful not to aggravate those calamities by establishing that kind of bank which, in the expressive language of Mr. Gurney, " will unite all the evils which both possess, with none of the advantages of either."—(Hear, hear.) Mr. W. BROWN said, that the reference which had been made to the American banks was most unfortunate; considering that in 1837 nearly 700 banks of limited liability had failed in that country.—(Hear, hear.) In consequence of having resided nine or ten years in America, it was within his own knowledge that many of these banks were complete jobs from the commencement to the end, and had led to great abuses in the banking system of America. With this experience, he did not feel disposed to allow the establishment of banks of limited liability in this country. He opposed the mea sure of his Hon. Friend, therefore, because he considered it would be injurious to the general interest of England, both at home and abroad.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. MACGREGOR also opposed the measure, on the ground that the establishment of joint-stock banks with limited responsibility would be a great misfortune to the country. With reference to the question of security, he begged to remark that the people of England did not consider, that the three chartered banks there gave any greater security to the shareholders than the other banks which existed. Ho was glad that the Bill of 1844 pro vided that in future no joint-stock bank should be estab lished in this country except upon the principle of extended security to the public. Mr. HEADLAM having intimated that lie would not trouble the House by dividing, The motion was, by leave, withdrawn. REMUNERATIVE EMPLOYMENT IN IRE- LAND. Major BLACKALL then rote to move the following resolution :—" That the peculiar circumstances of Ireland, consequent upon four successive years of distress, require the immediate adoption of such measures as may assist and encourage the individual exertion of the owners and occupiers of Irish property, and promote indnstry by giv ing remunerative employment; and that all grants or loans of money to particular districts should be applied, as fur as possible, to such purposes as may conduce to the eventual improvement of those districts, and enable them to support themselves from their ordinary resources." He begged to say that since this resolution had first ap peared on the books of the House several measures had been brought forward by the Government relative to Ire land, of which he did not underrate the importance. He was also anxious to take this opportunity of saying, that so far as he was personally concerned, he had always found on the part of the Chancellor of the Exchequer every wish to forward those reasonable and rational applications for loans and grants which had been made by Irish Members, and that he had been guided in his refusal more by the tone and temper of the House than by any wishes of his own.—(Hear, hear.) The Hon. and Gallant Member was proceeding to notice the va rious measures which had been adopted for the pur pose of meeting the recent famine in Ireland, and to point out the errors which had been committed, when An Hon. i‘iEMBER moved that the House be counted; and, forty Members not having been found to be present, the House adjourned at Eight o'clock. HOUSE OF LORDS, May 8. Tho LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat upon the Wool sack at Five o'clock. EXCHEQUER-BILLS BILL. This Bill passed through Committee. NAVIGATION-LAWS. Petitions against the repeal of the navigation laws were presented by the Duke of Northumberland, the Earl of Harrowby, and Earl Talbot. AGRIbULT iThSTRESS. At the request of Earl GREY, The Duke of RICHMOND postponed his motion on the subject of agricultural distress from Friday to Mon day next, as the second reading of the Rate in Aid Bill was fixed for Friday. NAVIGATION LAWS—ADJOURNED DEBATE. The Earl of CARLISLE then rose to resume the ad journed debate on the Bill for the repeal of the naviga tion-laws. He felt that he was labouring under great disadvantage in having to follow the eloquent speech of the Noble and Learned Lord last evening, which was so calculated to excite those prejudices by which their Lordships were supposed to be actuated. He could not suppose that their Lordships were actuated by per sonal motives, and ha granted to his opponents that which he claimed for his friends and himself', viz., the being actuated solely by what they considered would be for the benefit of the country. It he believed the mea sure would be prejudicial to the maritime or naval in terests of the ceentry, he should say that he ought to encounter, not only defeat, but ignominy for supporting it. He believed such an idea to be utterly groundless. Ho supported it because he believed it would promote the progress cf the commerce of the coutitzy. That commerce was the principal support of the mercantile marine, and that marine was the main support of the naval supremacy of the country. He agreed with the Noble Earl in denouncing those who would sacrifice everything for wealth, but the wealth which they sought to promote was only the proper reward of honest in dustry, and would tend to promote the peaceful inter course of nations.—(Hear, hear.) He would not go into the history of the navigation-laws, nor into that whiCh was more properly the affair of his Noble Friend the Secretary for the Colonies—the bearing of these laws upon the colonial interests of the country. He could not look upon a navigation code with the reve rential ewe which had been professed by many. At first it had been fruitful only in disasters. Its enactment had been dictated by jealousy of the Dutch, and its first fruits were two sanguinary wars with Hol land. What had been its effect ? Restriction had necessitated restriction, until those restrictions had been extended to Ireland and the colonies, and had goaded Irelsnd into discontent, and America into a re volt and war, which ended in our being forced to acknowledge her independence. This code had thus founded our great rival, and these ought to be aet down as off-sets when any panygeric was made upon our navigation code. He was, however, inclined to let bygones be bygones, and to consider whether, in the circumstances of the present times, in our present maturity of wealth and power, it was worthy of this country to maintain those restrictions which in former times she had thought necessary. If the navigation code was the wisest that the wit of man could have devised at the time of the enactment, they should consider whether it was profitable now to maintain then" The battle of Trafalgar effectually cleared the ocean for our ships more thbn any maritime rode could have done. It was long after the peace before continental nations could create a marine, but there was a growing spirit of resistance to monopoly of trade on th 3 part of any Power. That resistance had been met by the recipro city treaties. That spirit was now reviving. It should be remembered that Russia and several other nations could, by giving twelve months' notice, put an end to those treaties. The Noble Earl had said that, if the affairs of this country were properly administered, there would be no fear of such improper threats. Would the Noble Earl consider that we should be justified in treating such a motion as an improper threat ? It was said last night that Russia had no mercantile trade. He had, however, a statement of the tonnage of vessels belonging to Russia, Belgium, France, Spain, and Por tugal, which during the last three years had entered the ports of the United Kingdom from 1846 to 1848, exclu sive of vessels in ballast ; and in those three years, of all the countries he had enumerated, with the exception of France (and that only exceeding in one year), the largest number of tons was to be set down to Russia. In 1848, the tonnage of foreign vessels entering British ports was, Swedes, 51,000 tons ; Dutch, 76,000 ; Bel gians, 33,000 tons; Spanish, 14,000 tons; Portuguese, 7,000 tons ; Russian, 76,180 tons. The Noble Earl said these matters could be arranged by preliminary treaties ; but he was calling the attention of their Lord ships to the state of the country if foreign Powers refused to renew their treaties on the same favourable terms, and we lost our present direct trade with them. The Noble Marquis the President of the Council stated that if foreign Powers forbade us to engage in their direct and carrying trade they could throw more than 200,000 tons of British shipping out of employ' ment. He found that during the last year there entered foreign ports 233,000 tons of British shipping, and cleared out 230,000 tons. That was the trade carried en by British shipping from one foreign port to another.- - ' (Hear, hear.) The Noble and Learned Lord had made a very strong attack on the Noble Marquis (Lansdowne) ter saying that the whole of this trade was liable to be, cut off; he had stated that it was a gross calumny, and attempted to account for the number of tons of British shipping engaged in foreign trade by saying that some of the vessels made thirty-two voyages in the course of the year. He had, however, made a mistake in his cal culations, and mixed up the trade of steam-vessels bee tween Belgium, Holland, and France. Of the 200,00 0 tons of shipping to which the Noble Marquis alluded being employed in foreign trade, 12,000 tons belonged to Hamburgh, and he had a return by which it appeared that instead of these 12,000 including steamers, they be longed to 62 ships, every name of which he had set down, and he could tell the Noble and Learned Lord that steamers which passed directly to and fro between all foreign ports were scarcely ever employed in their di rect trade.—(.Hear, hear.) If by a continuance of re strictive policy we were to forfeit our present indirect trade, he felt petsuaded that the importunities and con plaints of our traders and merchants, our forgers of iron, and our smelters of copper, would be pitched to a far worse note of distress than they were now from the supposition that they should be prejudicially affected by the present proposal. He bad called the attention of their Lordships to the risk we should run by continuing the present state of things. The evils and inconvenience s had been abundasitly illustrated in the most conclusive and powerful manner by the daily recurring experienc e of those who were most concerned in those matters- He had gleaned st few matters of fact as they were cone stantly taking place under the operation of the present navigation-laws, and he thought they would be found to be of a most contslusive character. Ho would begin With the article of cots on:— " That cotton Tvhich was brought to Havre on English account in a foreign ship, which could not be disposed of in France at nay price, and which could have been sold at Liverpool to advantage, might not be conveyed from Havre to L'arerpool in a British ship, but might bs..l reconveyed to the United States in in a foreign ship, ea a thence brought to Liverpool in an American ship, thin; depriving the British ship of employment, and depriving the English mar ket of cotton when there was a distress' ing deficiency in the supply. " That sugar could only be sent from Guiana a nd other colonies to England at a freight of 3/. 10s. or 41. is_ ton, while si ave - tarown sugar (which we are ac cused of unduly ])apish ships encouraging) could 10) s. a ton, b sentthus ciisco fromSutr.agiCrngoiX In the supply of colonic 1 and free-labour sugar; that no British ships could be pa ocured to export free-labour sugar from I3e tavia. " That copper is now produced in great and growing abundance in Au sualia and cannot find a sufficient nun" her of British shi; is to convey it to this country, and the high freights, wi iich are the necessary consequenc e + diminish the profit a of what is sent, which has led to tbd pr o ject of establishing smelting works in Australi instead of emplo . ying, first, the shipping, and, nex t ' the manufactures of England for that purpose: that , again, as Germ an ships which now carry O IL emigrants to Australia may not carry back copper ore, or meat, or any (,t the produce of Australia, as rota ° cargoes to this co untry, or to their own country, with view to exportath. n to this country; if the market at home should not be remunerative, therefore, at 11 103 : burgh they have a lso established smelting works in then• own defence, age in creating a gratuitous competitio n with the manufacturers of this country. " That wrought hides may be imported into this country in any qu entity from France or other countries+ but it there was ail) , superfluity of raw hides they mig ht not, under the ruivigation-laws, be brought to 01 ' country for the an ificers of this country to manufactur e, unless they were a eut all the way back to America. " That cochineftl, another article of most rapid in . crease from the Canaries, has its chief depot at Cadis+ whence it is take u in French ships to Marseilles, but nt cannot be taken, under the navigation-laws, even i? English ships to I ngland, because the Canaries are su" fered to be geogri iphically in Africa, and therefore th e produce must be imported in English ships from th e Canaries themselires, where there is noi; independe, e ,," inducement for English ships to go, while at Co' there is always a multitude of British ships for the purpose of bringing wine, but which are not suffered to bring this valuable and much-wanted dye. " That Madeira wines may not be brought from Lis bon even in English ships, where they would always b e in great abundance. Nor the gums of Senegal iron!, their chief depot at Marseilles. Nor the dye weeds of West Africa, from a large depot of them at Marseille& There may be a surplus supply of all these articles in these ports; there may be a deficient supply at home; silo ships loading with sherry and claret may be full of CO" venient chasms absolutely yawning for these HO assortments, but the prohibition is complete and iii exorable. " That nitrate of soda, more highly thought of As s ! manure, has sold for fr om 21. 6s. 6d. l ess at Hamburg,' than here, but fur the same sum could not be brough / even here. .. That a parcel of Alpaca thread was actually the subject of this venerable transaction. It arrived I° Hamburgh (a great depot for merchandise: from south America), from Peru, was purchased, sent to Hull, re' fused admittance, shipped thence to New York, rc esported to Liverpool, and sent into the manufactartog district?, where it arriv e d too lat e f or th e d eman d s of the market. " That Java indigo, which was much wanted for aottie of the more delicate manufactures of this country, Asti` purchased iu holland, but in order to secure its entry into this country, it was shipped in a Dutch vessel S ci the United Sates, and thence exported to this country' " That palm oil, Manilla hemp, logwood, have all bee s waiting for shipment in the United States, and becaus e no British vessels were to be had they all failed of being sent. o That it is stated by a Ilamburgh resident that the operation of the navigation-laws with respect to the supply of Peruvian wools to this country, such as sr e brought to the continent of Europe first, is unquestiot y ably unfavourable to British manufacturers, because t ile ; German manufacturer is purchasing that article now 1 . 1 a less price than the manufacturers can purchase it ats Lancashire and Yorkshire, and the consequence must be that the German manufacturer can afford to sell his clot h at a less price than the English. " That at Bombay and CalCutta though there is c on ' stant uncertainty whether there will be ships to card s produce to England, and the f re ight h as be e n a s high t s ci eight guin eas a ton , an d t h oug h the same ports are fil' e with ships not only seaworthy, but efficiently e °133 .,i mended, and whi c h wou ld b r i ng h ome t h at produce ' they were suff ere d to d o so , yet b ecause o f t h at prep o 2; terous disability which attaches to ships manned Lascar sailors, they are not suffered to do so. ,„ o st " That with resp ec t t o t h e no bl est b ecause t he useful article of interchange, I mean the bread we u ;„ upon, it is stated by the B oar d o f T ra d e at Toren'e f ; September, 1846, that large quant i t i es o f pro duce ro t a forwarded to Montreal fr om t h e i nter i or , w h er e it j 31 1 ,5 been produced during th e p rece di ng w i nter , at price severely enhanced by the exaggerated reports wi d ut reached Canada of the scarcity of bread-stuffs throughe io Europe. On arrival it was found impossible to el: s shipment for it at less th an 6 e . a barrel, and the helr'sert, were threatened with insol venc y th e alike from its siliP i or retention, and p e rcei v i ng most distinctly th at the chief cause of their difficulties was to be found in present navigation-laws of your Majesty's kiegd?° 2 : o feeling of deep dissatisfaction therewith has arisen in minds of your Majesty's Canadian subjects?' arising What did these numerous cases which were daily ex. , prove but that in countless ways—and we could ,eat track them through all their ramitications—our 11 :1 6 13 , tion-laws did impede, obstruct, or, if he might s of o ur more homely epithet, bother all the operations it trade in every part of the globe?—(Cheer e ; ) , seemed to be an ingenious attempt to make every sceiption of goods pay double freight , and o der ill-feeling and animosity between nations. (el we hear.) In our anxiety to secure the long voyage