The Sun. — London, England, 1820-02-29 00:00:00

11) 44. IR IA. MEN 1. HOUSE OF LORDS, FEB 28. ----- About 3 o'clock the LOUD CHANCELLOR., the Archbishop of CANTERBURY, the Earl of HAR MONBY, the Earl of Lrvgaroot, and the Bari of WarrsioatAND, took their seats in front of tl:c throne as Commissioners. - fire Commons, in consequence of the usual summons, having come to the bar, the Royal. as sent was riven to the annual Indemnity Bill, the Mutiny Bill, the Expiring Laws' Bill. the Irish Election Bill, and five local and private Bills. A second Commission was then read, authoriz ing the Lords therein named to Prorogue the Par. li.ment, and the LORD CHANCELLOR read the fol lowing Speech : " lily Lords a'ud Gentlemen, • " We are commanded by his MAJESTY to in. - _ form you, that it is a great disappointment to his MAJFSTY, that on this first and solemn occasion be is p evented by indisposition from meeting you 111 etSOll. " It would have been t o consolation to his M 3 STV give utterance' in this "lace to chose 'ftelioes with which his MAJRSTY, and the nation alike deplore: the loss of a Sovereign, ►he common Father of all his people. 'C The KING comm.intls na ►o inform yon that in determining :o•call ‘sithout delay the new Par liament, his ivIsJEsTY has I►een infinenced by the consideriv ion of what is most expedient for public business, as well as most conducive to general Convenignce Genttown If the House of Commons, gWe are directed by MAJESTY to thank you_ for the plovision %/Odell you have made for the several branches of the piiblic service, from the commencement of the present year., R')( dur ing he ioterviil which must elapse before a pew Pailiamvnt con he 'Assembled. . " 3f9. Lords and Gentle - men, '' %%re are commanded to inform you, that in taking leave of the present Parliament, his -MA ESTN cannot refrain from conveying to .yun his warmr. st assurances of t sense %N biS MA JESTY entertains of the important services which you have rendered the country• " Deeply ors his MAJESTY lamented that de sitztis awl practices loch as those witch you have heed recently called upon to repress, should have existed in this free and happy country, he cannot sufficiently commend the prudence and firmness 'with whith you directed your attention to the measures of counteracting them. " if any doubt had remained as to the nature of those principles by which the peace and happi ness of the nation were so seriously menaced, or of the e xcesses to. avhich they were.likely to lead, the flagraut and sAnguijary conspiracy which has Well/ been detected, must open the eyes of the most incredulous, and most vineicate to the whole world the justice and expediency of those.mea sures to which you judged it necessary to resort in defence of lite Laws and Constitution of the Kmgdont." ' Then a Commission for prompting the Par H a was read ; after which the LiniD CHAN- CELL%itt " My Lords and Gentlemen, " By virtue of his Majesty's Commission under the Grea Seal, to us and other Lords directed, and now read, we do, in his Majesty's name, and in obedience to his commands, pro rogue .this ParliaMent to Monday, the 13th day of March next, to be then here holden; and 'this ,Parliament is ac coi•dingly prorogued to Monday, the 13th day of March next." •- • _ HOUSE OF. COMMONS.. The SpEAKett was summoned to the Peers, to bear the Commissi.n read for giringthe Royal A s sent to certain Bills , and for proroguing the Ntliament to the 13th of March. He rettuned at half-past 3, and, collecting the Members round the table, he read to them the speech delivered by the Lords Commissioners to both Houses. .The 'Members then separated. Tat ELECTIONS. That State alone is free, wherein the Aiiito. cracy governs. do not intend this term in the common (ft finition, which limits it to one of its particular classes. 1 argue upon it as predicated of its general and original interpretation. The Aristocracy, then, or Government bti the best, must he of family, of wealth, or of talent. Let no man plume himself upon the, correction, by telling me of the Aristocracy of virtue ; which, unless as beloneing•to one of the former three, is not very likely to exist fOr any public profit, - it indeed it exists at all. , Where there is not a positive despotism, every quality must lied its level. The claims of supe tioeity mill not rest 'in an inferior station.. Be that supetiority of what hind it may, the very na ture of man and of things allots its due place. It ria t ot and settles therein, even without effort ; what it does not assuine, is conceded ; what is not conceded, it assumes. It can neither fall short, nor pass beyond. I speak only of pee States. In such, this pri vilege, or rather this necessity, is the best e"b setprence of their freedom.• IH the tyranny of • one person or - of many, in , sinzalar or in plural despotisM, it cannot exist. By a usurper or a mob it is suppressed altogether. In Great Britain, it has an existence, more extensed - aml More eminent than to any other State. The • Aristocracy of family, the Aristocracy of .wealtli, and the Aristocracy of talent, all attain and retain in our Country their just place. Each has its equal and concurrent power. The might of our - House of Commons will not ,be argued hack upon me, when I say that this co-equal Aristocracy is provided and placed therein by the Constitution. To revert to' that origin, would be to contend as Coensarr conteed edin his Loyardays—that the Parliament belongs eutitely to the King. I ant better satisfied with our present arrangement, .pan with that ancient practice, which filled the House of Commons with the Soveraien's nominations. Let us not be Rediceled and Reformed back into despotism. The quality of the Members in that House is well apportiouett. The Knights, who represent the Counties of the Empire, are elected by the Freeholders of its Land : and are generally chosen' from among the most exteosive possessors of Ore soil. This, by the Laws of Dr scent and-Inheri tance, has become the principal test of ancient birth ; and, as such persons are presumed to be most oeeply inteiested in the common-welfare of the,State, and in the particular welfare of their own County—most strongly bound also by early connexions, original education, and ancestral ex amplee—they are most frequently entrusted by their fellow-freeholders with the great charge of Legislation. The Citizens, who represent nor Cities, are' elected by their Corporators.----These are men, who have acquired the Electoral Franchise by the profits of their commercial industry; and w leo naturally prefer as :heir Representatives the more t eminent of their Own class, who have successtelly trod the sense coot se of diligence, enterprise; and integrity. Here also operates the concurrent motive of chusiog Members having the d ee pest stake in the commercial interests, nett only of their own immediate City, but of the general Empire ; and with this added reason, that the wealth which we have ourselves acquired implies, if not more' hot'our, certainly more experience, then that which has descended upon us from omaancesfors. is possible, though barely possible, that a man of moderate rank may have .large interest in the welfare of the Land; --but a, mats of modarate fortune cannot have a large interest, in the wel fare of commerce. Such a tnan cannot possess extended connexions, extended views, ter extend ed experience. • thet Aid the relative • opulenc e of City and of its merchants - must he coosidered.• If its rank, and its wealth, tied its intelligence be great, so likewise should. he the elevation of its chroice. None but . a commercial man can a detinately repre• sent a commet cial !thee. commerce, too, should be of the most liberal and dignified .sort : dignified, I repeat, and of that dignity wherein oar Empire ,abOttuds. The least of our cities can not be respectably or serviceably represented by a retail dealer ; not merely because het Rapreseeta live is supposed Co be her most e minent and most experienced Citizen, taut • because his habits a nd prospects take from him that independence which becomes a Legislator, and is essential to his cha- racter. A merchant commands business, —a shopkeeper begs it. This.man, who has been all day measur ing cambric, is as unfit ,to be a Senator, as t'other man, who has employed the same time in pound ing blue gentian. No matter whether he snips it off in person or by deputy ; his business is, to how at the counter to his customers, to advertise for their favour by every possible contrivance... — Sorely, surely, a Speech in the House would be his most effectual adverrisetuent—but the most degrading, and the most dangerous. My meaning is this.—Not that he would ca b rry into the Legislature t he servilit y of his shop, at that he would carry into his shop the influence of the Le . gi,latore. In a word, that he w oulduse his Senatorial functions tor his ell.wide pr . I correct mrelf :—This would be the worlt of servilities. Our Parliament., would become like the Revolutionary Convention of France ; where in the Members spoke to and for the mob of the Galleries. The English shopkeeper would ha rangue for the increase ., of his 'Ledger, and make his patriotism the spew-board of his veritable Cashmeres :—A reproach tar beyond that of the French Patriots ;—they spoke and s pouted for applause, or for power ; while he would strain his t hroat for the stretching of his custom. But the MeittHANT is above this petty pedlar log. Ills mind has placed him above it. lie bat no retail habits. He has not bowed at a counter, nor smiiked at every purchaser of a penny tape— string. His education has been something more than yard-wide. For our Cities then, and especially for, oar Me tropolis, their Merchants are their fittest Repre sentatives. They are emphatically our Citizens. London n'ould be as improperly and Ladtquately represented bf an extensive T.,,Lillt,4tler as b'y a' Muslin-measurer or a Quassia-pounder. - Her' chosen, Members interests should be identifivd with hers ; in no wise va riant, having one com mon origin, and one common ot)kct • The men at whom , upon this p rinciple, 1 have pointed, describe themselves. I shall neither call them from behind "their e mpire's:nor advertise their commodnies.‘ Whena ItadiCal can submit to increase the revenue, their speeches have in -structed him where to rig out hi witeand to me .dieate his . beer. If HUNT and CnntseTT complete the quartetto, we should know also by the debates in Parliament, where to plovide our coffee and to order our newspaper. Turn we then from this degrading prospect. Without any reference to the PARTY.of those in dependent and enlightened CITIZRNs. 1 say t hat our Metropolis will be most effectively and most. honourably represented by the LORD M Aston and by Sir WILLIAM ctIRTI9. I look to their. inte grity, their opulence, and their intellect :—to none other quality or inducement. 1 prefer them, because they are - the exact reverse of those persons whom 1 have not 'named. Without reference, again I say, to their I rty. For in the same honourable rank I place. Mr. WiLsoN, anti would cheetiolly give toy fourth vote to any Merchant of the same political prin ciples and - of equal eminence. Mr. Ttroars will understand, that I allude to HI M n either positively ,nor negatively. I leave him, where every body leaves him, in his middle predi-ausent, equally safe from praise or censure. How he slides out, .will be as little talked of as bow he slided in. The third ,class of Representatives7—the Bur gesses--I ought to have delineated in their order. These are elected, according to divers chatters, and tenures„aud customs, for Barough , ; riot per haps very considerable in either wealth or pUpu lation. Whether ovigiaally intended-50.., matters very little ; hut they :tre' svA odapted i 3 sk . r if byes our Legislature the Aricocracy of raL:ot. There is not any necessity that the Represeuta live of a Borough should possess either extended lands or mercantile wealth. ‘Vahout eithet of these claims, he may thus find, and ought to fitol, his road into the Legislature, aided by his talent alone: a lways understanding that it is coupled with his integrity. Sometimes, perhaps, this avenue is travelled by adventurers of the Bar, whose professional sharp- Della is mistaken for a better qualification. Such, men do wrong to an hotiourable profession, in making any other than its 'Own legitimate pm.- suits subsidiary to its ambition.—Ambition !—I recall the word—subsidiary,to its profit. For it is as easy to advet tine one's tongue as one's tape. Somewhat . less creditable:---{lure the former scheme degrades a most honottrlhle calling ; while the latter only helps, on a profitable occupation. A Birri,ter ought tint to t-tvgt:t his due sorrow for a national calamity. in the chance which it affotds him of disturbing a County; though a haberdasher may cbuckle.at arty oppor tunity of getting off bis black bombasiiies. The " sincere congratnlatiou" of the one is detestable, of the other, it is excusable. We may hope, however, that integrity and ta , lent ale not sis incompatible, but that our Bo roughs may find Repret;entatives both capable and Iritiest. Vie Lex et Consnetudo Parliamenti oblige us to be cpufident as well as hopetul. We are not, however, • required to_wish these men of ta lent, though never so hiltie4t, returned for our Counties and Cities, unless they have a deep stake., in the soil or in the commerce of Britain. 'Cer tain I am, that a Lawyer Should produce some more binding pledge than his briefs, before he assumes to represent a County ; and a Shopkeeper, some more responsible surety than his small wares, before be arrogates the representation of a Ci . y—of the w ea lthiest, the greAtest, the noblest 1 Ci•y in the world. TEN AX. LONPON i(WIINALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF TINS DAY. [Morning Herald.] We are inforined that a vessel ready to sail from Portsmouth bas been detaind by attboritY of Government. The particulars have not yet But the circumstances were simit reached us. that it wAs Fopposed the deteistinn of the vessel was connected wish the recent conspiracy. [New Times.] N,V e ninleistand that before the assembling of the nit•enlirely new Royal Throne, worthy•of the empire. -- will supersede the present. State Chair in the Llonsc of Lords. Partictilar directions have been givvn for i:simmediate con struction. The design is very elegant, and will certainly throw fresh splendour round the upper end of the present House. [The Times It appears, by the sobjoitted article from the . City, tititt :be. Snani , b insurrection remtlins it ~ndiminislied lover. The." Constitutional Army" is said to have been receiving reinforcements trona all quarters, by the jopetion of various di v i s ions of the Royal troops ; and the strength , of the in+ surgen•s, in the lila de Leon and about Gibraltar, was estima , e4l , on the sth Febrtthry at foorteert, thousand well-disciplined men. An expknation is. at the &ante time offered of the inactivity which has been ascribed, whether truly or otherwise, to the • insurgent forces,whose leaders have, it is tosertety, declared their intention to retrain tromattacking t r comthitting any violence against their countrymen, anti to confine their exertions .to self-defence, lltis forbearance is undoubtedly calculated to pro !. cure them the good wishes of many Spaniards, whom a more active and offensive system of ope -1 rations a4ainsl even an unpopnlar Government mig,hteexasvrate ; and it wilt afford ftll opporto nity, to the tricrids of the " Constitutional Army," civil as well as military, to arrange and conthini I their measures of co-Operation in support of the common cause. " Letters front Gibraltar, dated the sth of Fe brnaiy, state, that .sitice i)e occupation of Alge sires by itit• Constitutionl Army, the port has been deilared , onder blockade by the Spanish Go vernment, and several men of war were then ernisini; near it. e Constitutionalists conti toted to receive strong reinforcements by the junc tion nf different divisions of the Royal Army, and . their force in the Isle of Leon, and the neighbour hood nt Gibraltar, .was estimated at 14,000 well disciplined ITICSI. The Constitioionalists declare 'that it it not their intention to make any attack sr commit violence against their countrymen ; but they are determined to defend themselves ro tiLces- . sary, and stand by each other to the last." Since writing the above, we have received a variety' of interesting intelligence from Spain, appears that, althouels the forms of absolute re hel;inn against the Government may be confined 4 be districts in the neighbourhood of Cadiz, the spirit in Which the insimec;ion of the troops originated has dis:dayed itself in .the very streets of Maria. The first. time King Ferdinand w`" seen in public, since the commencement of the disturbances, lie was received ,by the populace with hisses and groans. Each succeeding account adds something to the force of the insurgent' troops, and indicates the increasing cOnfie deuce and magnitude of 'their operations. The bridge on the San Pedro :was said at first to have been broken down by the insurgentsi to prevent a surprise from the Royal ttoops but it is now alleged to have been d?stroyea by the latter, on taking possession of Port St. Mary, to secure thtsir own. weakness against the " Constitutional Army." It is further asserted , that the insurgents have got upon the flank at( l rear of the enemy, and that the flop-Ilk's We. declined a battle. It is announced that the e villy of Quiroga, instead of being obliged to surrend - rc front a short supply . of provisions or ammunition , have, provisions tor a ear, and ammunition Or half a century." It is stated that the force t tt the Isla de Leon, and in other pl , iees occnnied the Insurgents, is bet ,, eeti 15 . and 16.000 met] ; that they have 4 ships of war, and 14 gitn-boats' and it is added, that another Insurrection h" 5 broken out in Almeria, on the coast of Grenada , and, we believe, at least 100 stiles from Cadiz. A subscription has been opened, - in utdcr to re' ward the Police Officers for their-zeal," activiiY, and bravery, in breaking into the hay-loft, and apprehending the Conspirators in Cato , street."" ° We trust that those of our countrymen who 0 ° iiable to be seduced to evil councils will from ( 04 transaction' learn to estimate the difference be' tween a had cause and a good one in inspiriogi courage. The sr% retches who were assembled h at ' a rms sufficient to sack a city , and yet they onti fought for safety ; but the conduct of the office ° who dared to attack so many -mote than the. ol ; seven is •noti-ots t hat account, the less comme n able, for a conibmant is equally liable to &Inge" whether the desperation of, his antagonist pr o , cards from the wish to con q uer or to eseall The subscription, the erfore, hist our sincere 114 commendation..:;,We hear also that G o verfuov i e f mean to .settle an. annbily ,upon. the widow' 16 poor Smithers, the murdered Man ; and we 1 1 °!: s Oar, in.tbe distribution; the extreme age Of I t o surviving father anti mother will be taken to consideration.—(lbitt) • . CAUTION TO SCH3OOI.S.-0o Saturclay Se' Orlig e t AS the mils of the Rev. J. NV ARNFo . RD, of Alic l° • ham, near 1 we.4brking, Surrey, tre amusing tlleglit;i selves wi!h the various sports of the play-gr 6 " l , l ; i ro an arrow, neither bolted nor .barbed, was rite • fully aimed at a la d named NIosELY (only sn" 1) gentleman of that name, re,iding at Leathetb-,J and struck him below the knee; he was onserio to look extremely, ill, and wa s carried into lie !rouse, when it appeared that a nrrye had bee t) i ll . lured, by which a lock-jaw was almost ill produced, and, no tw i ths t andin g the most e n ' iv ‘ ; ,' 4 medical assibtance , be e x p ired in less tl'''),ool hours. The grief of ilia parents COD be bettcv ' i ceivcd than described, ''..'.....,. T -Ar RE '1 , 4 4 "k and' , krßy. ; , 1 1 1,11 4 8 1 1.0 adele Act ru . or fl a l e y , t tr k ( S :e tn ti e t : 111. Cent 1. Per c e „ 4 r c eta' BPer atik "diaStocl I/ut-t V I CII N` 411444. A c,, kilti 0,11 lr' g St) t I t'ent. ~ ~~~' pu PARLIAMENT RY PAPERS. . - A COPY of all the APPLICATION.; made by the FIRST • LORD of the TREASURY and the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, to the GOVERNOR and DEPUTY GO. VERNOR of THE RANK of ENGLAND, for AD VANCES to GOVERNMENT ; from sth January, 119 to Sth January Is2o ;*with a Copy of the Minutes .of the Court et Directors thereon, and the Answers of the said Court thereto. At a CoUrt of Directors at the Bank, on Thursday the 11th FehruaTy, 1819; The following Letter from the Chancellor of the Exche • suer being read, viz.— " Downing-street, Feb. 10, 1819. " GENTLEMEN —I beg to acquaint you, that it will be an accommodation to the Public Serve, if your Court will con sent to advance the sum of Three Millions on'the credit Of Exchequer Bills, bearing interest at the rate of 81. per cent. per annum, to be charged on the Annual Duties on Malt, Sugar, Tobacco, and Snuff, and on Pensions and Offices. " I request therefore you will have the goodness to more your Court to make such Advances, when the Act of Parlia- Arent shall have passed. " I have the honour to be, " Gentlemen, ' 44 Your most obedient Setiant, " N. VANSITTART." " To the Governor and Deputy-Governor of the Batil;." . At the recommendation of the Committee of Treasury, the Court agreed thereto. At the Court of Directors at the Bank, on Thursday, the 45d December 1819; The following Letter from the Chancellor of the Exche quer being read;—Viz cc Downing-street, Dec, 20, Igl9. " GENTLEMEN --I hez to acquaint you, that it will he an accommodation to the Public Service, if your Court will con sent to advance the Sum of Three Millions on the Credit of. Exchequer Bills, bearing an Interest at thtbe r Aantenual Duti of Three es Pounds per cent. per annum , charged on e Pensions and o n Malt, Sugar , Tobac co and Snuff, and on Offices. pursuant to an Act passed in the present Session of Parliament. 4 , I request therefore you will have the goodness to move vour Court to make such advances accordingly.—l have the honour to be, " Gentlemen, " Yuur most obedient bumble Servant, " N. VANSITTART." "To the Governor and Deputy Governor of the Bank of England." Resolved, at the recommendation of the Committee o Treasury, That the application of the Chancellor of the Ex iChequer be complied with. B. BEST, Secretary. GENERAL ELECTION. . .._ LeicesTott.--;We heard with feelings of the strongest regret, that Mr. Mansfield. •the highly respected and independent Member for this.popu lons and important Borough, had expressed his intention of retiring from its representation. It is with high gratification we now learn, that owing to a most powerful and almost unani mous call from the Electors, Parliament will not lose the valuable services of this able • M e mber o f the House of Comtitons, and that he has acceded to wishes so cordially anti extensively expressed in again offering himself as a Candidate. In consequence of Mr. Wright's declaration, tlitit he declined again offering himself as a Can didate for the representation of the City of Ox ford, Mr. Lockhart, on Tuesday last, at the ear nest solicitation of several of his friends, offered himself to the Freemen. The present Candidates are General St,. John, Mr. Lockhart, and Mr, Wetherell. Mr. Weyboil has declined starting. on the Mi nisterial interest for Reading ; and Mr. Lefevre, one of the present. Members, having declared that it is not his intention to offer riimselragain, - ii is expected that Mr: Painter anti Mr. Moocke will walk over the course. The latter had declared that he would nor start in opposition to either of the present Members, but the retirement of Mr. Lefevre leaves him now at liberty to, avail himself of the Offers of the Freeholders. There is a ru mour, however, of his being opposed by :3ir John Eliey. . , Gsrge Pocock, Esq. who has represented the Borough of thidgewater in five Parliaments, does not become a Candidate atthe.ensuing elec tion ; and the vacant seat has been offered, by an union of all patties, and free of expence, to Charles Kemeys Kemeys Tynte, Esq.. of Hats-. well House, near that town, who leas accepted the invitation. The presto'. Member Wm. Astell, Esq. and that Gentleman, will, it is expected, be returned without opposition. Mr. Pascoe Grentell, the Member for Great Marlow, has announced his intentionolstanding for St. Ives. IVe hear of on opposition to the 'new interest at Fowey ; of movements indicative of opposition at Helston, Tregony, and Calling- ton. Sir William Lemon, Bart. and J. 11. Tre• !Bayne, Esq. the present County MeMbers for C.:ornwall, have announced their intention of again efleriug themselves.—(West Briton ) /o '►rice iss iitt i i l!lat pu We PA ts 'Per.% 114tre rise of hin vriis s 'don e it b ird, fa in the hin ted ill e EN " I' Il aY be, s ALL l, L the C Et Pt+ in pi %bout I' i front, li la , i fruin 11 111(1 11 tii 4 , ll Pitt,, u nder Priti et) ` )11 'I Leon their beat; tion , Piir s , Ino u eoh•i late this tim e 1) 1 0 ; g dihe Of ti Yll 1 1 it t'i