The Sun. — London, England, 1815-01-06 00:00:00

CONGRESS AT VIENNA. ; VIENNA, DEC. 14.—The 'fate of Saxony is, whatever reports- Tay he afloat respecting it, Still undecided. The Prussians, who hitherto have. veered about, now begin to take a firm po sition, and loudly declare that they .cannot give up Saxony again ! Consequently they have it, or. T ra 7 ther Russia was pleased definitively to delivet it tip to them. Russia, therefore, 001d:categori cally decide all this ! The honour of the nation, they say, requires that Saiony should remain Prus sian, Which, they add, in the Prussian Monarchy the , voice of the 'nation has loudly proelaimed.-- , - This was once the language of NapOleon, whose . tone and manners are now, it seems, closely imi tated by some Cabinets. The Prussians did not blush to declare, in Proclamations and newspa pers, that the majority of, the people of Saxony wish the union of Saxony and Prussia. A. very good reply was given to this in a pamphlet, en titled Do the Saxon people wish for a change of Go vernment ? In the meanwhile it occurred, or was suggested to the German Princes, who are members of, the Berman- Committee, that they were bound in honour to declare, that Saxony ought to remaim, an Independent State. One should have thought that the Ave Ducal Houses of Saxony .had the nearest obligation to maintain this cause; but who could have conceived' that the Duke of 'Weimar, unmindful of their common ai►cestor, Frederick the Meek, and of the inalienable right of primogeniture inherent in'the Ernestine line, could not be prevailed upon to join the common cause of the Saxon Dukes for the preservation of their sacred rights ?—most likely 'on account of his being a Prussian General ; and by the marriage of his son, nearly allied to the Imperial House of Russia. The other Dukes of the House of Saxony, however, had the. courage to resolve on_ giving in a Declaration against the cession of Saxony to Prussia, and a sketch of it was really produced and approved : but before it could be putt to writ ing, and delivered to the Congress, the Prussians, and consequently. the Russians, also received no tice of it. The Emperor of Russia desired an in terview with . the Duke of Saxe Coburg, and ad dressed him in very severe terms on this subject. The Duke of. Coburg, intimidated by the lofty (tine which Alexander bad as.-.ttined towards cowardly deserted a cause which honour and duty equally bound him to embrace. It is said, that the other Dukes experienced a similar treatment from Prussia, which, even went so far as to thieaten them, that if 'they engaged in future in bi~nilar projects, they should be deprived of what was now left to them. This, therefore, is the free Congress of:lnde pendent States, which are assembled for the pur pose of giving to Germany a tree and firm consti 7 Intim; 'this is the-language of those, who pre tend—to have taken i►p aims for the defence of truth and justice, who promised order, tranquil lity, and liberty to the world, , and security and iweection of property s to individuals: Certainly Talleyrand is not very wrong in . saying—L'on a fait la guerre,a la personae de Napoleon, mais non a es principes. • • For the last three months the Austrian, Rus sian, an‘i Prussian diplomatists manmuvre tac tically and stratagetically within the „narrow com pass of two,questions which 'concern the fate of only Poland and Saxony. 1-low long will it be btfore the fare of ntrhapPy Germa►ay will be de cided, which for years already has lifted up her imploring hands towardS those, who, on entering I►er territory, entirely ruined and laid it waste ; on trussi►ug the Rhine,, on proclaiming the general pence, and again lately at the Opening. of the Con .grvss at Vienna, have announced themselves lo,►tdly and solemnly as her deliverers, as the re storers of her liberty, tra►►quillity, and security. . VIENNA, Dix..l9 —lt is impossible, as yet, Co :state,auy of,the resiilts of the political negocia _lions, though welbinformed persons assert, that the. Emperor Alexander has made a gri',at- sacri fice in respect . to Poland, and thus furnished a iiew proof, that no price is . too dear for the pre servation of the.peace Of Euriipe. It would, ne vertheless, be a great Mistake were we to con clude from this circumstance,ll,lat his compliance would extend to those points, y inso, on which his word is pledged and on which he is bound by treaties. To this erroneous presunijit ion per haps, owing the delay that haS taken place in the adjustment of many difficulties : for the next question, alter the settlement of Poland, was to be the indemnification of Prussia. On this point there Cal/1)0C he much difficulty, as that Bower has been solemnly promised, by the treaties con cluded with Russia, Austria, and ,England, that if shall receive foil indeniu:ty, at leab,t to the ainount of it-4 p-opulation in 1805.' Nothing but the where and the- how can now be the subject of iwgociation, as Prussia loses iu POJand 1,600,000 souls,—in the countries lately belonging to ktituce,. and ,since guaranteed to the, Crown of Bavaria, 100,000,—and in the acces , ;loll3. pro. /li ked to the [louse of Hanover about. 0,000 iverson§;. Prusftia may be perfectly indifcrent where these indemnities arc assigned to her, provided they do not lie too much detached. and do• not prevent that compact union ►rhich e'. -r•; State mus.t strive to attain as the shorte,;t ►v; to 'consolidate its power, and to ,5CC1111: its frontiers. Thi'i is the more necessary for Prussia, to it nllttt he the vowel• which more particularly h.a►•e to pro. It . e t t he i►or!'h of Germany, and to s u pp o rt th e B e j a i a " p ro virices. According to' this view of the - eubject, a very. c r t oneous.judgutent islormed re .j-tcting P rus sia, u•{seat site is arcusetl of a spirit of aggrandisement because .she prefers a . .claim to Saxony... The very reverse might be asserted and proved. Was not then, the former Electorate'of Saxony al►vays to be .considered as an adjunct to Prussia whenever the latter• was involved in war .? and would nut Prussia., now so powerful possess the like laucucc orez this country,-.and itt every future i'car be strengthened by the addition UT nal militia ~ foree, if she received any other indemnity than Saxony ?—for this state would necessarily remain dependent on the other, since it geogra phical situation and the remains of the respective nations render_ it just as much the satellite to Prussia, as the moon is to the earth in the great system of the universe. So far, therefore, is the possession of Saxony from being a just cause.of reproach against Prus7 sia, that it ought rather to be considered as a proof that this- Power has no other aggrandise ment in' view thaw what is actually fitting for it, and not merely as assured to it by treaties, but as a guaiantee eqnally necessary for the repose and safety - of Germans' as for that of the Netherlands, and all those countries which might be endangered. from the west. At the same :time, it ought "not to be forgotten what extraordinary exertions PruSsia has made foe the-good cause—what a spi rit was there enkindled, and still. continues to born for the -welfare of. Germany. We might, - therefore, with good reason, charge the powerful voice raisol against the annexation of Saxony with)Prossia to the account of ingratitude, were it wi-obviets that the greater part of this oppo sitioh is owing to very different motives, and were we not obliged to respect the love of justice in which the- other part originates. 'f o the latter we Might reply, that Saxony, as a nation, cannot only not sustain any loss, since, it %rill ,continue to enjoy its own constitution and government as an independent - kingdom, 1)14 must necessarily he a gainer, because its Constitution, purified from its defects, will confer far superior benefits on•the mass of the inhabitants—because its union with an extensive Monarchy will ,afford greater scope to its manufactures and commerce—because it will now have large rivers at its command ; and many things that formerly operated to its detri ment,, cannot now fail on the other 'And to pro mote its prosperity. How-much will. it also gain in other respects ! How much more easily and safely will the Government be administered !-- What: advantages will be gained by the ap plication of the sinus formerly wasted on studs of horses, porcelain manufactures., &c. &c, to useful-purposes ! What an alleviation will be af forded. by the saving of the heavy charges • for the maintenance of the Coin t, the Diplomatic Body, &c. ! Dresden, as the scat of the Government, will be abundantly compensated for what it will lose by the reduction of the establishment of the court,, by the encouragement that will be' given to the arts and sciences, and by what it must gain as the central point for the meetings of the States. Leip sic awl Naumburg, protected and confirmed in the possession of their municipal riglltS and privi-• leges, cannot fail to be gainers, as a great part of the roads leading to their gates,. and running through the territories of the same Sovereign, will not be subject to any transit duty, and . they may avail themselves of the advantages of the communication by means of the Elbe which flows so lieu to -them. But wlio can calculate the be nefits.which Saxony will gain, when it' shall no longer be the bone of contention between two powerful neighbours, but an integral part of one of those States ? AS to the King of Saxony, he may be indem nified, if the high Allies should not choose to en force to. its full extent the right of conquest against hint. That they possess this right, no man certainly will dispute : for, notwithstanding the summons from Kalisch, - and the mission of a General on the part of the King of Prussia, the King of Saxony was not to be persuaded to make common cause against the enemy. With him . public opinion, the entreaties of many of his . servants,..? the universal wish of tire Saxon peop'le', hail no weight. What torrents or blood might have been saved ! how many thousands of families might pace been spared extreme affliction and distress, if those fifteen thousand Saxons had been allowed to fight for the good cause at Gross Gorschen ! if Wittenberg and Torgau had been placed .at the disposal of the .Allies ; .and if the latter could have calculated upon the great re sources which the arming of so many Volunteers, who only waited for a signal front their Sovereign, would have afforded ;,Providence blessed the arms of the Allies ;. and after nine blothly battles, they entered Leipzic' victorious, and there took the King of Saxony. prisoner. Already was Alex ander at the gates, when a flag of truce from the King solicited an armistice for 2.1 hours, which of course could not be granted, as it would merely have been the steads of faCilitating 'the retreat of .Napoleon. The, Ring was therefore obliged to submit to his •powerful adversaries ; and the 6rst act of their magnaniMity was to employ the re sources of Saxony to no other purpose than to secure the country against fresh inroads on the part of France,,whilst it continued to be governed under the influence of the Allies, it is true, but by the Saxon. authorities as before . , and many new re gulations were introduced to its permanent advan tage. • , _ _ Now.that the future fate of this country has become :a subject of discussion, is it matter of sor prise that there should be proposals for iodemni tying the King of Saxony in Saxony itself ?, Such a principality. would he still more dependent upon Prussia than the former Electorate : and this could not be to the interest of Austria. Inclosed on all sides, without:iffy intercourse but what the nei!.., , hbouritsg States might permit such a country, with a capital like .11rysden, which would soon fall to decay, would, - with its former views upon Poland and other possessions, presently become the rallying point of the discontented. In such a case, how is the enormous debt which oppresses. Saxony, and which has been increased by these unfortunate wars from . &;event4.4o to 38 millions of dollars, tot be liquidated Whilst the govern ment paper rose considerably, through prudent Management, soon after the battle of Leipzie, and since the provisional occupation of the Prussians has lately got: up several dollars per cent. ; it would then, on the contrary, fall to nothing, and involve all Saxony in utter ruin. So much is cer rain that the prosperity of the country cannot be kept up, tintless Saxony, agreeably to the wise and mighty assurance of Alexander, shall retain its in t egrity, and, as an independent kingddm under the Priissian sceptre, %yid) a well-organized constitu tion, enjoy all the benefits wick cannot fail to flow from this..source, and which alone are ca pabki of healing the severe woungs - inflicted by dustrious and loyal inhabitants. The report that England strenuously oppo ses the annexation of Saxony to Prussia is generally circulated ; brit the Min►sters of Great Britai possess too much penetration not to view ti i_s subject in its true light. Besides, England has exerted herself in such a manner in favour of the cession of Belgiutu,to Holland, and the aggr.►u dizement of Hanover, that she will certainly not oppose a State which, like Prussia, aspires to no addition, but merely to recover its former rank. The cession of Genoa and Venice would have been a far more suitable subject for the interference of this jealous, protectress of the independence of Governments. Those two-republics, formerly so flourishing, sink incorporated with other .States to the level of common cities ; whereas, a coun try like Saxony, which is still suffered to enjoy its constitution, does not lose its independence. 11V 1: I C.111.;11 111.1,71‘ 4..114 ............. . j WESTMINSTER SESSIONS. Yesterday the Sessions commenced before Mr. 'WATSON, Chairman, and a full Bench of Magis trates, Mn.• Simpson %vas indicted for assaulting Win. \Vcstcott, a constable of Bow-street, in the exe cution of his duty, on the 2d of August last. The prosecutor )tated, that on that day he had been ordered on duty in Jubilee Fair, and had received particular instructions to prevent the multitude flout injuring the young trees, In the course of the day he observed sonic boys climbing the trees in the park-keeper's inclosure, and desired them to come down ; all complied except onc, and he re 'fused; the prosecutor was proceeding to poll him down, when the boy cried out, and the defendant coming up, began to hustle the prosecutor, and told him he deserved to -be ducked in the pond near t iLe spot, and called on the crowd to carry his proposition into .effect, This they seemed inclined to. do, when another Constable coming op, they desisted from the attetnpt Tbese circumstance s were corroborated by other evidence, and the Jury found the defendant guilty ' . - Jolin Seabright, the driver of a hackney-coaoh, was intliqed for assaulting John Shone, a private soldier, whilst on duty at Covent-Garden The atre, on the night of the 25th of Septerither last. The prosecutor stated, that he had been plaCed sentry at the door of the Theatre 'on the night in question, and had received particular directions not to suffer. any carriages whatever to come up to the frOnt of the Theatre, SO as to block up the passage. At a late h ou r o f the evening, how ever, the defendant having forced his, way up, placed his coach directly opposite the door of the., Theatre, so as entirely to obstruct the way. The prosecutor went to him, and informed him he could not stop 'there ; but th!e defendant hiin, and said he Would in spite of hint, and if he chose he would drive through the Theatre. The prosecutor again remonstrated with hint, but without effect ; and finding remonstrance vain, he took hold of the reins, and endeavoured to put the horses back, on ‘vhich the defendant jumped front his box,- and struck him several furious blows with the lash and butt-end of his whip. Not withstanding this and his abuse, the prosecutor did not lose his temper, or attempt to strike him in return ; and the defendant, after some 'time, seeing Donaldson, the Bow -street Officer, com ing up, jumped on his box, and drove off. These facts were corroborated by other witnesses, and the Jury found the defendant Guilty. ' Mr. ALLEY stated, that the present prosecution bad been instituted and was carried on by the Pro prietors of the Theatre, who were induced to this severity by the repeated . complaints which had been made to them of the defendant's, dis • I 1 oxi y conduct. The CHAIRNIAN said, the public were greatly in debted to the proprietors' for the steps they had thus taken to secure the safety of persons frequent ing the Theatre, by repressing - the improper 'and outtageous conduct of the defendant. The soldier, also," he felt himself bound to say, was deserving of 'Much commendation fur the temper and mo deration With which he had conducted himself.— The defendant was then sentenced to three months imprisonment in the House of Correction, CHILD STEALING.--Wednesday afternoon Mary Bulpit, a girl about eight or nine years of age, who resides with her parents at' No. 37, Chandos street, was entrusted to take out a female infant, about five or six months old, the daughter of Mrs. Thomas, who lodges in -the• same honse; when she got to the top of St. Martju's-lane, at tke corner of Newport -street, she was met by a lusty fresh-coloured young WOHI7III, dressed in , a ' . red stuff gown and black chip hat, who entered into conversation with her respecting the infant, pre tending to know • its parents. She asked the girl to go on an errand. for her, Whleb she declined doing ; she, however, continued to urge her rogo to No. 21, King-street, Sobo; to fetch a Small • bundle for her, and that she might go with the greater speed she agreed to take care 'of the infant while. she ran for the bundle, and for which she promised to give the girl two-pence.----The girl -went as directed by the woman, but could neither find the house or bundle. She returned to the top of St. Martin's-lane, but could not find the woman or the infant, which there is no doubt the woman made. off with: The comas in ication of what had happened was of course very distressing to the infant's parents; they have been distracted and i n pursuit of it on Wednesday and yesterday, but had heard no tidings of it Or of_ the cruel wretch who stole it HIGH IN' AY ROBBERY.—On Friday evening last, as Mr. STAPLEY, a respectable farmer, residing at .peldhurst,',eras going home from .market on horseback, he was. stopped by two foutpmls be •twcen Sevenoaks and Tunbridge, who knocked him of his horse,'and beat him in a cruel man ner : they then rifled his poCkets of about 101. and mounting his horse, rode away, leaving him nearly insensible in the road. A turnip cutter has lately been invented at Thurso, which promises to be of great utility to turnip feeders. It is so Constructed that it can easily be managed-by a child of 12 ye'ars of tv-e,, and the cutters may be placed-so as to slice the turnips to any thickness. BO W-STREE I. On Wednesday, two well-knoWn characters, Joseph R ow l e y an d M oses Clark, were apprehend ed on suspicion of divers felonies. They were counnitted for further examination this day. Oa searching thew, a 101. Bank note, dated 3d March, 1814, and a 11. B a nk no t e , dated 19th Octiaber, 1814, wer e f oun d on them. UNION-HALL. RIVER PIRATES.--:—William Thomas was charged on suspicion of being concerned in various rob beries on the river, and burglaries on shore. T ll. prisoner is well known to the Officers, and litts for some, time past set them at defiance. He was rw". appreheuded,-after a stout resistance, at hislodg ings at Lambeth, where the officers surprised btu' in bed. Committed for re-examination. QUEEN-SQUARE., Yesterday Wi thorn. Chapel and Augusfas wer.e charged' with attempting tb defraud a Kent ish top-grower, under the following curious cir ciiuistances The prisoners, the youn ger co ‘vhom is 70 years of age, equipped themselves in the garb of country farmers„and while perambn: luting the streets,. met the complainant, and claimed acquaintance with him ; the prison ers proceeded to converse most familiarly about hops., their growth, &e. In consequence of this, th e complainant was induced to accompany t h e m to public-liou se , w h ere t h e pr i soners ma d e him be lieve that they were in want of a large farm, all pulling ou t a num b er o f notes, to l d h i m they s h o uld not regard th e p r i ce o f i t, i f he could recomm cmd them to one nea r t o t h e p l ace w h ere h e res id e d. At length their - conversation turned upon money, an 4 the prisoners were desirous to wager the cont." plainaut that he could not produce 501. in a giv,c 9 . time : the complainant became suspicious, 'and went out under pretence of borrowing it from bis brother ; he returned, however, with an Office r, wbo searched th e pr i soners, and found on_ the n ' a number of flash notes.--The prisoners were re' mantled. HAITON-GARDEN. A miserable looking old -man,* shoemaker, seas brought up from the watch -house, charged with setting his house on fire, It appeared from th e , testimony of a woman who lodged in the saute Louse, that the prisoner was quarrelling, 09 the preceding evening, with a woman who lived with, him, and was heard to swear that he would bu r "' the woman in her bed. Shortly afterwards th lodger smelled something boning, and she- cane 1 the watchman, %rho forced the door, and foun d the bed cut up, the prisoner heaping it on the fire. - The prisoner, in his,defence, said, that lie sent the_woman who lived with him home with pair of shoes, and she spent the -money; ih r e , - venge, he ripped u p t h e b e d, w hi c h was the oil article of h er ' s - i n t h e room , an d set fi re mit; 1 „ was made of. th e cu t t i n gs o f s o ldiers' clothes,-and not likely to endanger the house by fanning into a blaze. Ilis-landlord gave him a good. character' , and after a su i t abl e re p r i man d from . the hints trate, he was discharged. shot in the cheek some time ago, while Yesterday Thomas Bolton, the having corner of DO ing to rob Mr. liarnland•s shop, w , 1 . after ver-street; PiCcadillfrl not 4 ed in ' e t - ir e a b e a ll could .Inari le vi' a l t l t o en l i c p a t l . , .• . deal of sickness lately There has been a great have died there. at Honduras, and pain, as many :persons Negroes' purposes to settle, _on 11;s arrival with_ tDo. This is attributed to the swamps.--A shall prove" that: they. have WA been in S an d that was made by the settlers, that every person who mintro - or taken out of a workhouse, , , loCal late is , . 'to imp ". lis' lugtlie they e have ars.. been A n one negro per annum, and is not suffered to ( )roperty is fo a r n t o h l e: re t ( l i trce p.receoil: pose of him for five years,. inhabitant i)is l The Montreal, ALEXANDER, for Jamaica, ,that was on shore on theinch Green, near l'of't Gl"' I ,_ (7ow, was got off • bro ke mage. . An unfortunate accidept took place on tire night previous. The boats haring .. loose from the vessel, and their use being impo tart in assisting to get her off, (which was .") t' e tried with that .night's tide), WILLIAbr BLACK, fine young man, se con d wate, adventurous l y stripped himself, jumped into the - water, and en; deavoured to reach them, b u t in the attempt 1 0 _, drowned, with out th e crew b e i ng a bl e t o rendel him the small es t ass i stance . Hi s b o d y was foun d ` next morning one of his legs being con sideraW drawn up, and time night intensely cold,,it is s.lP posed he was seized with a cramp. On Saturday last, an inquest was held by r i % PATTED, Esq. Coroner, on the bodies of fiv e young men - who tt c ere kill e d at Militia Moo r colliery that m orn i ng. - I t appeared, that ``s eight persons were ascending the . pit, the cb a slipped from th e rope, 'by which Robert, .Stewa rd ' and WM. Simpson, 0 brothers), Wm. Davidso n, ,i and Thos. Sn a ith , were pre c ipi tate d to the Igit're-r of of the shaft,' an d kill e d on the spot. The ° I three -escaped d ea th b y h av i ng hold ' the rope - i. above the chain. Thi s acc id ent was merely 01:1303 , tous and no blame whatever attached t any 01 . ' i managens of the colliery. verili et — o 4cctdentaA Death. The. corpses of th e b rot h ers were interne' at Gateshead, on Sunday last, in one grav e i (Newcastle Paper,' Jan. 3.) —OO NlAltrt!Act: HIGH I. I‘ I I r A E. I — (R O IE n D ilonday, Se;thatn, in th e C oun t y of Durham, the Right Hon. Lord P; run, to Misi Alilbaulie, sole daughter and h e iress of Sirlta'P 11lilhanke, Bart. • ' • On the 27th ult. at Ab er d een, A lexander Forbes, Esq. Nier t chant, t o Mi s s Forbes,' daughter of Sir William Parties, r Of Craigievar. the inst. at On the 30th ult. t the Parochial Church , of. St. Den nl . 4 ; near Paris, and subsequently at the English Arnhassadorw Chapel, - 'Major-General the Hon. E. Cainq, to the Earl o f • E;si•x, t o Donallarbtrita - Moritti, late of caa diz, niece to th e B r i ga di er o f that name, who accomP oc her to Paris. Wil° On the 4th in s t. a t St.Geor,,Te's, Blo6inbury, the - I Lam Gilhank t to Eliza, second daughter - of the late Saintle Nicholson, Esq. R. N. ", • - • On Thursday l as t, at T otten h am Mi ss Emma 14°b51 Rijiard II • Mu l j t l' &righter of Williamliobs f , 11.1 . k field,, to Cal't j yy o ray, Esq. It. N. of issL • On the 2Gth ult. at Leslie-House, Scotland, the Lad)" Captain Stewart, Lelie4louse. LONDON: Printed by J, 11. cARSTAIRS, No. 7 i C buildings ; and publi - shed by W. A. SCRIPPS, of , ri at 11w ux-OericE, 1 . 1 , 2 Strand ; where vet Si I 7 Orders, Ltlttia3 (Fiistlia , id), Sta. rullt be adat CS"