The Sun. — London, England, 1855-10-29 00:00:00

11.11 11 . 0•••• THEATRE ROYAL, DRCrRY•LA.NE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS EVENING, Will be performed MARRIED FOR MONEY. Characters by Mr. Charles Mathews, Messrs. tobert Roxby and A. Yoange ; dirs. y. Matthews. Miss M. Oliver, and Miss Mason will appear. After which, TWENTY MINUTES WITII A TIGEIt. To followed by NITOCRIS. Characters &ce• by M e ssrs. E. F. Ed gar, Stuart, e B. Sullivan, G. Wild, C. Vincent, ; Miss Glyn. Mrs. Zelby, Miss De Vere, 3 1 / 8 3 Anderton, Miss Cleveland, &c. THEATRE ROYAL, lIA.YMAREET. Under the Management of !Ir• 13uclIstOne. THIS EVENING. Will be performed TH Chippendal e , and TE END. Char teeters by Messrs ROgCrS, and Howe ; Cushman, and Miss Swanborough. Followed by THE LITTLE TREASURE. To conclude with FISH OUT OF WATER. NOTA.L PRLSCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. tfader the Management of Mr. CsAzi.Es KERN. THIS EVENING will be presented JUDGE NOT BY APPEARANCES. After w.hich, KING HENRY VIII. Queen Katharine, Mrs. C Kean ; Cardinal Wolsey, Mr. C. Kean. To conclude with A GAME OF ROMPS. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress, Madame Celeste. ' THIS EVENING, Will be performed EORY O'MORE. Characters by Messrs. Mad ison, P. Bedford, c. Selby, Parselle, J. Bland, Garden, &c. ; Mines 3dary Keeley, Kate Kelly, Wyndham, &c. Followed by A MOVING TALE. To conelade with OI'EN SESAME. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE• THIS EVENING, Will be presented PLOT AND P ASSION. Characters by Messrs. F. Robson, Emery, G. Vining, Leslie, J. U. White, U. Cooper, and Franks ; and Mrs. Stirling and Miss Bromley. Followed by CATCHING A MERMAID. To conclude with A BLIGHTED BEING. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. J. H. Andersou,lB, Norfolk-street, Strand. Increased Attractions, and success in equal ratio 7 THIS, AND EVERY EVENING, at Eight o'Clock, Will he presented, with entirely New and Magnificent Appoint ments, MAGIC and MYSTERY, in twelve acts, arranged in two parts, by Professor Anderson. After which, the startling illustrations of Spirit-Rapping. HALE -5.75-110178 WITH THE SPIRIT 4, being the most surprising and yitercsting series of experiments ever given within the walls of any theatre. 100,000 persons have visited the Lyceum already to see the Grea Wizard of the North. Prices of admission:—Private Boxes, 11. Ils. 6d. and 11. Is. ; Gallery,iells, 45.: Dress Boxes, 33.; Upoer Boxes, 2s. ; Pit, Is.; 6d. No Half-price. Box-odlce open from 11 to 5 daily. - • Grand Morning Performance on Saturday Next at Two o'Clock. Doors open at Half-past One. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Under the direction of Mr; Payne. THIS EVENDTG, Will be performed THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. After which, SAM PATCII. Followed by NITOCRIS. To conclude with SIMPSON AITD CO. A.STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Wm. Cooke. Coeval with its excitement is the prodigious success of the new Spectacle. Deafening acclamations attend Mr. J. H. Cooke's mire- Culous "Flight of the Bridges S ." • THI EVEITLITG, The new Spectacle de Guerre, The FALL of SEBASTOPOL ! After which the improved SCENES in the CIRCLE, with Mr. J. H. Cooke's astounding feat, the Sala du Pont, or Flight of the Bridges. To conclude with an incentive to cachßmation, in a Humorous FARCE. Boxnettee open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. . Equestrian Director, Mr. W. t.,ooke. jun. HIGH WATER. AT LONDON BRIDGE. MN DAY—Morn 4 min. aft. 4 —Evening 23 min. aft. 4 To-ritoaßow—liorn.4l mill. aft. 4 —Evening 4 min. aft. 5 THE WEATHER.—SurN Omar, Oct. 28. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 51—highest since noon yesterday. 47—lowest this morning and during the night. 53—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 29'78. WIND, N.N.E.—Light, with dull, cold weather. OCTOBER 29. s.3—highest since noon yesterday. 43—lowest this warning and during the night. 52 -tills day at noon. BAROMETER, 29'50—falling. Wren. N.N.E.—Light, with dull weather, and slight rain in the morning and afternoon. rig-11f p q;:s- "it-- 0 , - 0 e. 4, 64: ,§l,lll, LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1855. A rclibisliop WIIATELY may be regarded as the founder of our system of Criminal Reformation. Ile it was who first promulgated the benevolent principle that convicts ought to be kept in dur ance until such time as they should have asserted their right to be again set at large—earning anew the forfeited title to be free, by continuous good conduct and sustained industry while undergoing the penalty of incarceration. It was Captain MACONOCHIE, however, who acquired for him self the glory of having developed this seed truth, so to speak, into one of our grand, over shadowing institutions. It was under the aus pices of 6,ptain MACONOCHIE that the theory of 'the great Christian Philosopher was enabled to zipen and expand into the scheme of the Practi cal Philanthropist. We are now actually gather ing the fruits of it in the Ticket-of-Leave System, about which opinions are just at this period so -very numerous and contradictory. Are those fruits good or bad, sweet or bitter, poisonous or beneficial? This involves one of those great social problems demanding, if possible, instant solution. Can the question be answered satisfac torily? Our authorities say, Yes. Popular pre judice declares to the contrary. Who shall de cide ? What can be selected as the ground upon which to arrive at a deliberate and dispassionate conclusion upon a matter of this vital importance to the general com munity ? There are the statistics fur nished by the Annual Report, made by the Directors of our Convict Prisons, relating the re sults of the last year in regard to prison discipline and prison management If we are to accept these statistics as definitive upon the subject under consideration, we must perforce acknowledge our selves convinced of the wonderfully good effects o f the new system, inaugurated by the 16 and 17 VICT, ay. 99. However, on the other hand, there are very different particulars requiring to be borne in mind no less sedulously, particulars forcibly thrusting themselves upon the notice of the population from day to day, almost, it might be said, at times, from hour to hour—through the records of our courts of law, from the highes t to the lowest, from the " flimsy" of the penny-a ners in our police-courts to the notes of the ort-hand writers reporting either succinctly or elaborate paraphrase through the columns of a daily newspape r . Judging from these unsystem atis ed facts, statistic s untabulated, and even, be t said, as yet unaccureulated into one impressive a ggregate—we should , be compelled to question th e accuracy of the estimate formed by the organisers (and therefore, of course, the apologists) of the new system ; in other words, the already mentioned Directors of our great Con vict stablishments. According to the latter it would appear that little more than one per cent, of the convicts discharged conditionally upon the Ticket of-Leave System, disappoint the hopes cherished by the more sanguine of their " guides, philoso phers, and friends," the gaol chaplains, at the period of emancipation. According to the un believing " profane," the mere spectators of all that has been going on of late, not merely within the precincts of Dartmoor, Brixton, the Hulks, k, Portsuiouth, Portland, Parkhurst, and Peutou.v ille, but in the b ac k s l u ms of our great cities, in the rookeries of our -metropolis, in ThieveS'-lane Ana G n • i - alley, in the Tona-all-Alones of London and Nyestminster, in the foulest dens, the moral Sinks and ewers- of the capital and the provinces—according to the judgment of Journal ists, and the readers of journalists, the new scheme sit (in foot for the reclamation of our convict mul titude, has not, :y.,/ f_irty means proved thus signally triumphant. The impression abroad for some time past undoubtedly is, that the Ticket-of-Leave System—noble and admirable beyond all doubt as a theory—aa a practice is little better than a very frightful 'experiment. That is the popular belief, or, call it if you like, prejudice. Is it a reasonable conclusion, viewing the matter at once by the light of the annual Report of the Directors of our Convict Prisons, and by that furnished to the public at large by the Fourth Estate, of which we ourselves are among the diurnal representatives. Colonel JEBB, speak ing for the Directors over whom he has long pre sided with such consummate ability as permanent Chairman, has recently supplemented to the last of his blue books, that for " 1854," being a sub stantial volume of some 400 pages octavo, an ex planation as to the working of the Ticket-of-Leave System, presenting his matured estimate to his fellow -countrymen through the medium of an ex tended communication addressed to the most emi nent of our contemporaries. Opposed to the un deniable statements put forth thus authoritatively by Colonel JEII/3, and to the force of which we bow with all respectful submission, with all that r unstinted credulity and implicit reliance which are the due of a public servant as distinguished as tho Chairman of the Board of Directors of our Convict Establishments—there still remain the no less undeniable " facts" of crimes again and again perpetrated by Ticket-of-Leave ruffians let loose upon society cut-throats and cut-purses, burglars and footpads scoun drels doubly-dyed with the guilt of hypo crisy and dissimulation, and who have only assumed the mask of religion for a while in order, that they might again be at freedom to outrage the laws of GOD and Man indiscriminately. Upwards of three thousand Ticket-of-Leave men have been already enlarged, it now appears, since first the scheme of penal servitude was applied to convicts retained in the United Kingdom. A little over two thousand others still remain "on hand" to be dealt with in like manner during the next year or two, until such time as the original " stock" shall have been entirely exhausted. A pleasant prospect enough, it must be allowed, for those who have already been dismayed by the manifold offences perpetrated by the amiable pre decessors of those two thousand gaol-birds yet to flutter out again upon the world—their wings a little clipped, it may be, by the surveillance of the police, but their talons still capable of almost any amount of lawless plundering and brutish de struction. Unsophisticated specimens of what may have been meant by Mr. TENNYSON in his hideous glimpse of— " Nature, red in tooth and claw with rapine." It is a grand but terrible experiment, that is the truth of it, this novel and daring scheme of reforming criminals by affording them premature opportunities of returning to their evil ways ! Let us put the matter in a homely fashion to the apologists of the Ticket-of-Leave System, just as it appears to ourselves, viewing the whole of that system dispassionately. Suppose some wonderful contrivance, some wonder-working piece of mecha nism were constructed for the curing of— " Blindness and lunacy, lameness and leprosy I" after the fashion of the famous machine repre sented by the father of Peter Simple—the ma chine for modifying, by pressure upon certain bumps, the arrangement of any one's phrenologi cal development. Suppose this miraculous, me chanical, or chemical cure for certain of " the ills that flesh is heir to" were set in motion in some great public place of resort—say in Trafalgar square. Suppose the blind, and the mad, and the lame, and the leprous, to the number of three thousand and odd, were one after another sub jected to its mysterious and magibal manipu lation. Suppose the cures, the positive cures, affected were to the number of 80 or 90 per cent. —the calculation actually put forward by the apologists of the Ticket-of-Leave System, as to the average of those permanently reformed under its operations. Suppose, however, that beyond all this—while every hundredth unfortunate expe rimented upon had his miseries aggravated fright fully by the effects of the working of the machine— suppose we say that in addition to this aggravation of evil every now and then to individuals brought under the influence of the Wonder-Worker, it, the Wonder-Worker, were every now and then to be liable to terrific explosions. Suppose these ex plosions scattered destruction to life, limb, and property among her MAJESTY'S innocent lieges going about their ordinary avocations in the neigh bourhood—killed a man crossing Parliament street, knocked an eye out of the head of another sauntering along the Strand, set fire to a house in St,. Martin's-lane, and so on through any number of sections in the great chapter of accidents. Suppose all this—and you have supposed what may seem very extravagant no doubt, but what is at the same time strictly and literally analogous to the terrible and extraordinary experiments now taking place publicly in the very midst of these • densely-populated islands with a view to the cure of the intellectually blind and mad, the morally halt and leprous. Experi ments which are proving every day disastrous to numerous unoffending passers-by in the general multitude. The theory of the Ticket-of-Leave System we regard as eminently entitled to our admiration. The principle in which it originated we revere as one exquisitely beautiful in its benevolence. Its purpose we regard as a purpose of sublime benignity. The aspiration of which it is expres sly,. .7..4 , 4,40 1 as we would even cherish those diviner aspirations born from the COlenini and beneficence of Christianity. Yet the practical experience of this system, theoretically so ennoblin so humanising, so philanthropical, we are com pelled by the sheer force of reason to consider ono that has prayed, in many r es p ec t s , most s i gnally deplorable. Insomuch that we are fain to thank BEATEN for that announcement made the other day by Colonel JEBB in his very masterly state ment, written al most as much in e xculpation as in P outon—to w exchalkedilati to nthiits,that an end i s a l ready formidable sche me o f un but no le ss un doubtedly danger ous doubtedly generou s and humane, an d destructive, experi ment. than one, a most ill was, in more ways The admission of the Aust rians into the Prin cipalitiesadvised if not a treacherous, step. Mark-lane feels the effect of it, and our loaf is probably a Penny for it. These, or at least half that, dearer niggOdly bullies, who hardly dared to come in sight of the Russians' backs, who merely ven tured to walk i n w h en t h e latter h a d wa lk e d o ut, can yet Unprofitably consume the produce of the country, paying for it, when they do pay, in worthless Austrian paper. They lessen thus the exportable produce of the country, while in a mi litary sense they only recompense the Allies with mischief. The Provinces, notwithstanding the War, have had, according to the most reliable accoupts, splendid crops. Part of these is eaten - by the Austrian locusts ; but, .w orse than that, part, and the immensely larger - parti is det a i ne d by the position in which Austria places those ter ritories. She obtains liberty for a few of her own vessels to quit the Danube, the vessels or the .4„E SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 29, 1855 cargoes being those in which her subjects, or the beloved Greeks, are is some way interested ; but she trade is not that on which shipowners, even of neutral nations, can venture with confidence. Hence the abundant supplies which might be ob tained thence for Western Europe are in danger of being wasted on the spot. They are at least not available to general commerce. This arises from the command which Russia still retains of the mouth of the Danube. The three principal mouths of that river are the Kilia, most northerly ; the Sulina, of which all heard at the beginning of the War as the chief one for navigation ; and the St. George's, more southerly. By the Treaty of Bucharest in 1812 Russia filched all these, with Bessarabia, from Tur key, and fixed her boundary along a smaller mouth still more southerly than St. George's. Ever since then she has been employed in ob structing by mudbanks and quarantine, and now, in addition, by gun-boats, the navigation of this noble river. She has had the double object in vie w of driving the trade of Odessa, and of ren dering the navigation impracticable to the armed vessels of Turkey or her allies. She commands some hundred and fifty miles of this all-important section of the river. She holds, in fact, the gates of its trade, and always disposed to close them ; it suits her now to bolt them. If aware that France is needing the corn of the adjacent countries, and that French demands raise the price of wheat here, she will be even more strict than hitherto. From Reni, where the Pruth de bouches into the Danube, and up which former river the Russian gun-boats are said to shelter, all along to the sea she has strand batteries, it is said, at suitable places. While Ismail, celebrated at once for the bravery of the Turks and the savagery of SIIWARROW, stands not very far from the inland commencement of the Kilia mouth, after it has left the Salina mouth. Ismail is of course the strength of the Bessarabian territory on the Danube ; no other place could resist the gun-boats of the Allies for many hours. It lies, however, out of the present main course of the river, and though its capture by land and water would not probably by very difficult, the principal mouth would be open as soon as some Lady Nancy, or even gun-boats of six or seven feet draught, had moved up as far as Reni and the Pruth. When once the Wallachians saw the Allies on the river their corn would be brought in vast quantities to its shores. Security would immediately create an active trade, and the markets of London, Paris, and New York would feel the result sensibly by the spring. Like all other operations in the present War its difficulty has been increased by our past mis management. If, instead of letting Austria take bail of Turkey not to attack Russia on the Pruth, we had even advanced a million of money to push 0311 M PACHA with his victorious army forward to that river, we should not only have prevented Se bastopol from receiving its first and most important reinforcements, but should have kept together the noble and efficient army of OMER PACHA, and have either seen him master of the Bessarabian side of the Danube, or have rendered it very easy for us to make him so. All our policy, alas, at that time was to spare Russian territory 1 Our Ministry could never conceive the simple and prac tical idea of opening the mouth of the Danube by restoring it, under guarantee if it pleased them, to the power which had always kept it open while it was hers, and wresting it for ever from the sel fish barbarian who began to close it the instant he began to possess it. Nothing was thought of but the genuine Whig scheme of a mixed commis sion, with, of course, some ELLIOT, or GREY, or RHSBELL, or some protege of the clique as one of the commissioners. We have no doubt that the expenses of the said commissioners would soon amount to the interest of the money requisite to conquer all Bessarabia from the Danube to the Dniester, perhaps to Odessa. When the importance of liberating the Pro vinces from their Russianising and oppressive occupants is considered in connection with the importance of a thoroughly open trade with the Danube, it is evidently high time to take a deci sive step. The Provinces are now fully able to defend themselves by their own militia. Let Austria be told then to attend to her own busi ness, to disband these troops, as she did those which ought to have confronted and detained the Russians in Poland, and to spare her bankrupt Exchequer. She has given us no help in the War at all ; her professed help has only resulted in enabling Russian regiments to quit Bessarabia and Poland for the Crimea ; for the Provinces she did not move a finger, but seiz3d on them as the fruits of °MBE. PACHA'S bravery and skill. She has no title to remain there an hour longer, and if told so, of course in suitable style diplo matic, by the Allies, out she must go. In our view there is nothing in the present state of things so ignominious to the Allies as the reten tion of the Provinces by their visibly treacherous ally Austria. It is a policy also as suicidal as it is ignominious. For our honour's sake and our interest equally let the Allies see to it that the provinces are left to their own gOvernment, and that the Danube be cleared of Russian gun-boats and batteries to its very mouth. It is now seen by the country, and by univer sities and schools, that the first instalment of Ad ministrative Reform, at least so far as may be afforded by the instance of open competitive exa minations for the Indian writerships, have been completely successful in their first stage—that is to say, candidates of good general qualifications have - 00 - oi. the one hand, whilst on the other bad men have been kept out. Nepotimm and political jobs have been excluded ; the repre sentative body, the East India Directors, have been relieved from the corrupting influence of the canvassings of between one and two hundred fami lies and of their constituents, and left to devote themselves to their true duties. But it is due to ' India that care be taken that she should have value for what she pays ; and she will not have that value in merely general qualifications. Now, then, comes the second stage—.that which upon the general qualifications shall superinduce the special administrative qualifications of which India Mr. m A wrought c is the m os t i n nee d . W e ear ly pointed out what appeared to b e th e o b v i ous deficiencies of the scheme out as the course of instruction for the se con d stage by our great wor d pa i n t er, Am AZ. he provided a scheAms e m i i n gh w t h h i a oh ve hbieseno own elegant nt accomplishments were the most prominently pro vided for. The Indians might well say, and it is our duty to say it for them, "For us those qua lifications are of little worth in our stage of civi lisation ; our necessities are more stern." They m re an th a e s y a t n o m ight poi n a t n t d o a the , H. w H h o a n t . O tt s e e n w tl e e example, England in its War Secretarial, when he himself held the office of Secretary of War ? Of what ursiellin, except for the pu r p ose, mis p laced, qualifi cations the mere fact of a person of such b cations holding th e office to gloss over a s y stem of brilliant, oocomrrpu4 sipt njg epics,obbery and waste I" Whilst he was and _ancient ballads filled with fine sentiments of Roman soldiers, our own sol-: diers were massed together in wretched barracks, and vast sums were being paid away as pensions in a manner to sustain only pauperism, wretched ness, and crime. Whilst he was depicting classic - examples of heroism, and patriotism of the most elevated character, the War Department, of which he . was the political Secretary, was a sonrce of political corruption and jobbery—beneath the dignity of his refined perceptions—but of which we have now the bitter experience in the loss of twenty thousand lives and the waste of some thirty and forty millions of money in a single campaign. Whilst he was study ing the careers of CLITE and HASTINGS for a grand tableaux India was sustaining the disasters of Affghanistan, and the fruits of the careers of we know not what inferior syatem of job-appointeki men, the bitter maladministratiorr which assumes sufficiency of classical aczemplialiments and gene ral qualifications for every species of lucrative and dignified office. The Times has done well to call attention in detail to the provision of securities, for the attainments of the specialities for the ser vice, and the necessity cf alterations in the course of training first pointed oat. It points to the superior importance of a knowledge of sanscrit, the mother tongue of a hash of Hindoo dialects, to a mastery of Greek and Latin. Looking to the fact, that the most pressing improvements for idle must be in the first instance, and for a time to come physical improvements, improved means for the collection and distribution of water, im provements in land culture, improvements in the means of internal communication, and the admi nistration of the works of these great classes, and the affairs connected with them, it might have pointed out the need of a higher place being given to the physical sciences than was assigned to them in the curriculum first laid down. On the general subjeat of Administrative Re form, it is to be observed at this time that the constituencies will be themselves in fault, if for the purpose they content themselves with general qualifications and more general professions from " walking gentlemen," or content themselves as the people of Cheltenhani contented themselves at the last election, with the professions of favour to Administrative Reform, from a gentleman whose own office—that of third, or political secretary to the Poor-law Board—a useless office, in which no adequate service is rendered for the salary to the department from which he is paid--was itself a flagrant example of the violation of every correct principle. As a body there is probably no class of men engaged in commerce who display more intelli gence and industry in their vocation, or are of more importance to the community than Com mercial Travellers. Day by day, Sundays ex cepted, they may be found in every nook and corner of the kingdom, pushing with admirable skill and perseverance the wheel of trade, and lending to the less vigorous shopkeeper the bene ficial example of their business - tact and enterprise. Of course a career of this sort involves incessant travelling, and, consequently, much risk from accident and exposure, in addition to a physical and mental wear and tear inevitably tending to a diminution of the term of existence. tinder such circumstances we are happy to perceive that a newly-erected asylum for the distressed orphans of deceased members of this body, and capable o f accommodating 300, wan opened at Pinner under , influential auspices on Saturday last. As the reader will perceive, on referring to a report of the proceedings on that interesting occasion, which will be found in another column, the Com mercial Travellers' School Society was commenced in 1845, by a few energetic commercial men, who manifested the sincerity and earnestness of their convictions by subscrilsing 2,0001. towards the prosecution of the work they had in view before they sought any aid from without. In 1847 a large mansion was rented at Wanstead, in which 20 children were at first received, whissh number gradually increased as the society went on prospering until it reached 142, when the present structure was erected at a cost of up wards of 20,0001., some 16,0001. towards which have been already raised. Efforts no honourable and in so good a cause call for encouragement and support from the benevolent and humane, and we siacerely trust a society which has such especial claims on a commercial community like ours will before long not only possess building accommoda tion, but also the means of provision and education for the number of children intended, towards which at present no fewer than 158 are wanting. A governorship of the institution is to be had for Eve guineas, and probably no more graceful form of contribution could be adopted. LATEST NEWS. RETREAT OF THE RUSSIANS. CRIMEA, OCT. 18. Three Sardinian divisions, under the command of General de La Marmora, left their cantonments on the 13th, and marched towards the interior of ;he Crimea. He had concerted with the allied generals for 30 Li ve operations. The English division, under Sir Colin Camp bell followed them. All the allied army has been ordered to prepare provisions for three days. The Russians are falling back, destroying the roads behind them, but the allies soon repair them. BERLIN, SUNDAY. The Russians believe that the presence of the Allied squadrons at the mouth of the Dnieper is intended to cover an attack on Perekop, to be made from Eupatoria. Kheson is to be attacked, they say, to employ the Russian force concentrated at Aleschki, be tween Kherson and Perekop. The visit of Admiral Dundas to the King of Sweden is with the object of obtaining permission for some English ships to winter in Swedish ports. CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 18. Twelve thousand horses had left Erzeroum with provisions for Kars. On the 4th inst. Osman Pacha advanced on the road of Soukoum-Kale. Omer Pacha had established his Head-quarters at that place. The Sultan has presented 80,000 piastres to the Sisters of Charity at Rosbeck. Abd-el-Kader has arrived on his return from France. RUSSIAN DESPATCHES. ST. PETERSBURG, OCT. 26. Nothing new had taken place between Kinburn and Nicolaieff up to yesterday evenino. The Allied troops which had left Eupatoria on the 22d returned thither on the 24th. WARSAW, OCT. 25. General Tinders has just published an order of the day, announcing that, in virtue of instructions from the Emperor, all the battalions of the first levy of the militia of the Emperor have been united to the army of the South, under his (the General's) command. A despatch of Prince Gortchakoff's of the 17th of October, 9.30 a.m., says :—" The enemy's men-of-war and transports continue to arrive at Eupatoria. Some of them have troops on board. Three divisions of French occupy the pass com manding the gorge of the Valley of Baidar, and another one is posted behind them in the valley itself. According to reliable accounts the enemy has erected barracks and built earthen huts in the valley, and is now constructing a new road from the old Chauss6e to Mordwinoff's estate, on the Tohernaya. On the mountains of Fedjuchin earthen huts are also being constructed, and from thence they aro making a road direct to Kamiesh Bay. On the 15th inst. the enemy's fire on the north side of Sebastopol was more heavy than usual. In the other parts of the Crimea nothing of importance has occurred." COPENHAGEN, OoT. 27. Three French gun-boats, on their return from the Baltic to France, have arrived at Elsinore, as well as the English hospital-ship, the Belle-Isle. DANTZIC, OCT. 28. Great part of the Fleet will winter in the Baltic. VIENNA, OCT. 28. A concession, for the Industrial Bauk, has been granted to the House of Rothschild and the Prince of Furstenberg. MADRID, OCT. 26. The King, who was slightly indisposed, is better. The agitation among the workmen has completely subsided. The Cortes has rejected a proposition for bringing all offenues of the press before a jury. The cholera i 3 decreasing. THE CAPTURE OF KINBOURN. (From the _lnvalids Russe.) The following telegraphic despatch from Nico laieff has been forwarded to St. Petersburg, by order of the Emperor, dated. the 17th October : " From the position of the fortress of Kin bourn, which stands on the extreme point of the tongue of land of the same name on the left bank of the liman of the Dnieper, the communi cation between it and the Nicolaieff was through Oczakoff only. It was maintained by oared barges, and the optic marine telegraph established at Oczakoff. On the appearance of the enemies' hp , forffi Kinbourn the direct communication was cut off. "From the intelligence received by LW graph the day before yesterday, yesterday, and to-day, we learn the following :—The fortress of Kinbourn, after having sustained (on the 15th) a heavy cannonade from the enemy's gun-boats, floating batteries, and steam-frigates, replied by a quick aid well-directed fire from its guns. At the fall of night the fire ceased on both sides. "Yesterday (16th) it was resumed and continued throughout the day, but was not so heavy. This morning (17th), at 9 o'clock, 11 steam-frigates and a ship of the line of 90 guns reinforced the enemy's flotilla ; and the whole of the ships simul taneously commenced a most violeit vertical and horizontal fire on the place. " This feu d'enfer continued till half-past two in the afternoon, when the fortress, in the interior of which all the buildings were in flames, ceased to fire, and the enemy ceased firing also. " At 3 o'clock, two boats, with a flag of truce, approached the fort. Half an hour afterwards, the enemy's troops, a part of the land force that had been disembarked, entered the place. The vessels anchored inside the point moved to the Oczakoff side, and towards the Nicholas battery on the opposite bank, but up to this evening they had not opened their fire." THE CRIMEA. Tho Russian organs in the press affect to feel as much sacurity with regard to Nicolaieff as it for merly did about Sebastopol. The National Gazdte of Berlin, which supports Russian interests, an nounces that the Boug has been rendered impractic able to the extent of several miles by means of materials sunk, infernal machines, and batteries on the coast. Five corps d'armee, reinforced by mili tia, are to unite in preventing the Allies from gpailaiDg possession of the place. Notwit hstanding all these means of resistance, it appears that the Czar has thought it advisable to change his resi dence, and if the Austrian Correspondent may be credited the Emperor Alexander has already left for Elizabethgrad, situated 130 English miles to the north of Nicolaieff. The _Austrian Gazette contains a letter from Kalish of the 21st, which says :—" All the troops passing through Nicolaieff on their way to the Crimea, are reviewed by the Emperor Alexander. Amongst others the Emperor inspected the Hussar regiment of the body guard, which left the Baltic provinces in August last year with three light regi ments of the guard. Battalions of militia are ar riving daily at Nicolaieff, and are being directed on the Crimea and other points of the Black Sea." A letter, of Ist Oct., from the colony of German Mennonites, near the Sea of Azoff, published in the Berlin Kreuz-Zeitung, says that within the last few days upwards of 1,000 waggons, each drawn by two horses, have passed through with corn and flour for the Russian army in the Crimea ; besides which they carry provisions and provender with them for three weeks' consumption, and are to convey provisions from Perekop to Simpheropol. It is said that the nobles have made a present to the Emperor of this large quantity of provisions, and placed the means of conveyance at his dis posal. There can be no doubt of the existence of an unknown military road into the Crimea, with an organised system of relays of waggons and horses to transport the sick and wounded into the interior of Russia. In many parts of the coast of the Sea of Azoff the enemy have certainly committed much havoc, but the quantity of grain destroyed is for tunately not so large as might have been expected, and the price of wheat has not risen in consequence, but remains at the former price of 4i roubles per tsohetwert. FRANCE. PARIS, SUNDAY EVENING. The Duke and Duchess of Brabant left St. Cloud for Brussels yesterday, at 2 o'clock p.m. Their Royal Highnesses were accompanied by Prince Napoleon to the station of the No r th ern Railway, where they were received by M. Firmin Rogier, the Belgian Minister, and Baron de Rothschild, President of the Board of Directors. Prince and Princess de Chimay accompanied the Duke and Duchess to Brussels. The Levant mail has reached with intelligence from Constantinople of the 18th. General Vivian was preparing to embark for Kertch, with the re mainder of the Anglo-Turkish Contingent. The Bashi-Bazouks, who are to form part of that corps, had been reviewed by the General, and were shortly to leave for the same destination. Troops con tinued to arrive daily from France. On the 18th 1,200 men of the 64th Regiment of the Line had landed from the Panama steam frigate. The accounts from the Crimea of the 15th pre sented little or no interest. Fresh troops were to be sent to Eupatoria. It was said that the corps of army operating in that direction would be rein forced by three divisions. The Russians, who at first were alarmed by the agglomeration of the allied troops in that direction, and had considerably in creased the force opposed to them, had subsequently withdrawn them into the interior, as if they wished to avoid a collision. On the other hand, the French corps, which had advanced beyond the Belbek, where it was supposed they intended to take up a position, had been ordered to return to their former quarters on the Tohernaya and in the Valley of Baidar. It was accordingly believed that the allies would confine themselves during winter to attack with vigour the forts situate to the north of Sebastopol, and drive the Russians out of their positions. Preparations to that effect were making, in spite of the attempts of the enemy to retard them by daily increasing the intensity of his fire against the town. Lord Lansdowne has arrived in Paris. BOURSE ' OCT. 27, Two o'clock.—The market has been very dull, and rates slightly declining, as pur chasers of stock apprehend that titles of Rentes and of the new loan will be delivered for transfer at the end if the month. There has also been a slight fail in the other descriptions of securities. The Threes have been done at 64f. 30c. and 64f. 20c. ; Mobilier at I,lBof. sellers ; and Austrian shares from 725 f. to 720 f. _ _ Half-past Three.--The Rentes are offered, but without great variation. The following are the last quotations : Cash. fr. e. End of Month. 4 per Cents VO 59 —f. —c. 3 per Cents 64 15 64 25 New Loan 64 30 Bank Shares 3200 Roman Credit Mobilier llB3 75 Austrian Belgian Fives — Spanish Threes Piedmontese B5 Home Debt RAILWAYS—MI CASH. fr. c. c Orlams , 1105 Western 761 15 Northern . 872 50 Strasburg Lyons .......1120 New Ditto 760 Mediterranean 1220 Grand Central 587 50 Lyons Geneva 660 Testa Cede 667 50 Austrian C0rn....... 720 `_ miles, instead of 300 square miles of open sea, free from ice, (S7c., had been discovered. The trial of Wagner, charged with violating the neutrality laws by enlisting a man named Cook for service in the Crimea, was commenced on the 12th in the United States District Court, before Judge In-. gerson. This is the first case tried for this offence in this court, and is looked to with great interest. There was a great array of counsel engaged for the defence—Hon. Ogden Hoffman, Attorney-General; et-judge Beebe, Mr. Carpenter, and Mr. Fullerton. Mr. Charles Edwards was in court watching the proceedings, as standing counsel of the British con sulate in this city. The district attorney, Mr. M'Keon, appeared for the prosecution. The jury found the prisoner guilty. The penalty is not more than $l,OOO fine, and three year,' imprison ment. The case will be argued on points of law. It appears that an absurd report had prevailed that Santa Anna is in Washington. The New York Herald says " Our correspondent at Matamoros, Mexico, now in the camp of the Liberating Army of the Nortb,' situ ated forty miles from that city, sends US three most in teresting and important letters, dated at the la , t•named place on Sept. 4, 14, and 24. Governor Vidaurri, com mander-in-chief, had decreed the adoptionof the Ceballos tariff in a popularly modified shape, and the ports of Matamoros and Tampico were, in consequence, closed against foreign commerce until the promulgation of more definite instructions. Vidaurri had also ordered, on the 21st of August, that the name of every man belonging to the army of Santa Anna should be struck from the military rolls of the country, and that the officers should be held responsible as criminals and malefactors' for the deeds done and blood shed in the dictator's name. The city of Zacatecas bad revolted, and General Garza had entered San Luis Potosi at the head of 3,000 frontier men. Santa Anna's generals, Gutian, Cruz, and Parrudi thereupon fled to Guadalajara. On 30th Aug. a squadron of General Woll's cavalry came out from Matamoros, and met a detachment, consisting of 200 men, of Garza's army, near La Viedra, when a bloody battle ensued, in which the revolutionary forces triumphed. On both aides 44 men were killed and over 30 wounded. Of Santa Anna's party three officers were killed. General Woll was summoned to surrender Ma tamoros, which he refused to do, but after a very anxious time, and witnessing the complete demoralisation of the garrison, he turned over the command to Gen. Castro, and fled from the city, on the night of the 7th ultimo, to Brownsville, where he sought the protection of Major Giles Porter, of the United States army, at Fort Brown. Woll took with him 70,100 dollars from the military chest, imitating Santa Anna to the letter." We learn from Hava,nnah, under date of the Bth inst., that despatches had been received from Mad rid condemning the action of General Concha in maintaining the volunteers of the island in arms d uring a time of peace and quiet. By way of San Francisco we have important news from Japan. While the representatives of France, England, and Russia have been engaged in negotiating treaties with the Japanese, the Gover nor of Simado has issued a proclamation denying the right of Americans to reside in Japan, except in cases of shipwreck or distress, thus practically repudiating the treaty entered into with the United States, and reducing the rights of its citizens to the mere privilege of visiting the ports of the king dom as harbou"s of refuge. There had been two arrivals at New York from California by the steamers Northern Light and Em pire City, with dates to the 20th ult. The news is somewhat important and startling. Previous ad vices left the people of the Pacific State quietly depositing their ballots for the choice of rulers, and. we are now enabled to give the result of their votes. It will surprise many, no doubt, to learn that Mr. J. Neely Johnson, the Know-nothing candidate for governor, has defeated Governor Bigler by about 5,000 majority, and that the whole American State ticket is elected. The Know-nothings have also secured a majority in the State Legislature, which knocks Gwin's chances for the United States Senate into the shade, and secures one more American, at least, to that body. The cholera broke out among the passengers on board the Nica ragua steamer Uncle Sam, on her passage up to San Francisco, and before she arrived in port 106 fell victims to the fearful disease. COMMERCIAL. Nsvt Your, Oar. 16. The tightness of the money market which was re marked a week since is now considerably relieved. This change is the result of a cessation for the present, of specie shipments to Europe, and of the customary re ceipts (fully 2,000,000 dole. this week) of coin from the Pacific side. We find to-day a better facility of obtain ing loans on call and discounts on business paper. The banks to-day have discounted liberally, and will pro bably chow a small increase in the aggregates at the close of the week. In freights we hear of to Liverpool, 8000 brie. flour at 4s. ; about 30,000 bushels grain at 10Id. to 204 d.; 800 bl►les cotton at id., and rosin at 4s. The steamer has 1000 brie. apples at 5s ; 300 packages india rubber goods at 60s ; 300 trcs lard at 605.; 1000 boxes cheese at 695. In the cotton market there is very little business doing. The market for breadstuff& was dell. It is said that many of the orders sent by the English and French Go• vernments still remain unexecuted, as they are limited to a figure below the present rates. AUSTRIA. The Vienna Gazette publishes the various finan cial measures relative to the bank of that capital. These measures refer to the cession made by the State of its domains to the bank, as payment of its debt, and in consequence of which the bank will be able to withdraw a part of its notes now in cir culation. It will at the same time increase its capital by the issue of 50,000 fresh shares, at the rate of 700 florins per share. The same number of the Gazette contains the official nominations of Baron Von Prokesch-Osten to the post of Austrian internuncio at Constanti nople, instead of Baron von Keller, and the ap pointment of Count von Rechberg to the functions of Austrian envoy at Frankfort. The latter will accordingly be president of the Germanic Diet in lieu of the former. SPAIN. MADRID, 'Oct. 21.—Senor Madoz, who is the especial champion of Catalan interests, has had a conference with the President of the Council of Ministers on the subject of tariff reform, which the new Tariff Board has been appointed to report upon. E is stated that at this conference the Duke de la Victoria gave assurances to Senor Madoz, that while it was certainly the intention of the Govern ment to bring forward a measure of tariff reform in a liberal sense, the Catalan interests should be re spected. It is, therefore, probable that whatever reductions may be made on some articles of the present tariff, there will be little change attempted as regards such branches of goods as are manu factured, or are believed to be manufactured, to any amount in Catalonia. The Tariff Board has suspended its meeting, which was to have taken place yesterday, till the 24th. It has agreed to propose some reduction in the duties levied on foreign paper ; that woollen goods shall pay duties by weight, instead of mea sure, and that mixed goods, in which wool, silk, or linen predominates, shall be taxed according to the amount of the respective materials that enter into their composition. It is expected that the duties on goods and linens will be c'dscussed at the next meet ing of the board. It is reported that the Carlist chief Estartus has entered the Spanish territory from France at the head of 100 men. A telegraphic despatch from Saragossa, dated yesterday evening, states that a despatch had been received at Lerida from Briga dier Rios, dated Pons, the 17th, to the effect that the Carlist party in that province Lad been com pletely disorganised. The Duke and Duchess of Montpensier are ex pected at Seville by the end of this month on their r _ There were 1 . 00 new Pholera yesterday and 84 deaths, 62 of which were of personq on that day. The authorities are said to have re solved to try the effect of discharges of cannon and of fires in the streets. To-day being Sunday the Bolsa, was closed, and there are no trausaotions out of doors. In fact, these matters are quite paralysed at present. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY. The United States Mail steamer Pacific, Captain !. Nye, arrived in the Mersey this morning at four o'clock, from New York, with the usual mails, 148 passengers, and a small amount—about 400 1 .—in specie. The Pacific left New York on the 17th, and brings four days later news than that brought by the North Star to Cowes on Saturday. From Washington we learn that Mr. Mason, Minister to France, will be recalled if he cannot satisfactorily explain his attendance at the Te "hum in Notre Dame in honour of the fall of Sebastopol. Great rejoicings are taking place among the admi nistration people on account of the recent election in Pennsylvania, which has gone largely 3ratic. demo- The statement that Mr. Buchanan has been in structed to request the recall of Mr. Crampton is denied. Dr. Kane arrived at Washington on the 15th, and upon special invitation proceeded, in company with the Secretary of the NavY, to the White House, where he was introduced to the President and the members of tile Cabinet, who were all pre sent. After a brief interchange of compliments, the gallant doctor retired, and in the afterucon took the cars for the north. He has made an im portant correction in his official •report of the ex pedition, which should read that a surface of 3,000 DRUBY-LANE THE Arm. On Saturday The Critic was porton/al at this theatre, in which Mr. Charles Mathews sustained the parts of Puff and Sir Fratfel Plagiary. We have nothing fresh to say about impersonations so well known as those by which Mr. Mathews has made the irritable and envious baronet, and the magnificently impudent author, his own. We say "his own," for although other actors do from time to time attempt them none have yet success fully provoked the comparison. The drennatis persona of the tragedy w ere performed with considerable hu mour by various members of the company. Mrs. Fiank Matthews, as the r epresentative of Tilburina, indeed de serves a particular mention for the breadth of her mock heroics and the loftiness of her petniance as an actress; while Mr. Robert Roxby was the most interesting, tru culent, and free-and -easy of Wkidierandon. But, per haps, we had better stop ; or some of our readers who have never seen the performers we have mentioned may imagine that we have been taking a lesson from Mr. Puff, All we can say is, before they Judge us harshly, let them go and see for themselves. The house was crowded. HAYMARKET TREATRE. On Saturday . a 11077 foar-act play, entitled The Be ginning and the End, from the pen of Mrs. Lovell, the authoress of Ipgomar, wai prcdnced here. In order to give strength to the cast M:". Iluckstone ha! availed himself of the servicea of Ml3l Cushman ; and it is to the efforts of that lady that the eethorces is mainly in debted for the 3LICCOSS that this play met with. The plot is as follows :—A certain German merchant, named Hoffman (Mr. Rogers), is on his death-bed, and is about to bequeath the whole of his fortune to his partner Van derkiste (sir. Braid), a grasphig, selfish. man. During the latter years of his life Heffinen has aliowed a small annuity to a certain Lambert, foemeely a clerk, and this man is, with hie wife and children, eSarvine on the pit tance. Their abode is under the control of Vanderkiste. and he, on the death of the old man, means to turn the family adrift. Mrs. Lambert (Mire Cush man), on learning their impending fate, seeks out Hoffman, and informs him of the state of affairs. The old man alters his will, on the persuasion of Mrs. Lam bert, in favour of his natural heir, and having. done so in her presence, he places it under his pillow. Mrs. Lambert is tempted to steal the will, and a false one is substitutes, in lma uses. I..uavt. liar husband, is be queathed the whole of Hoffinetes propeety, esee:sseee, this device, havirys become rich, remorse for the crime they had committedr' seized both huebaid and wife, and as the husband is indulging in brandy, Mat Hall (Mr. Howe), who witnessed the stealing of the will unknown to Mrs. Lambert, arrives, and not only demands his share of the spoil, but insists upon receiving the hand of Lambert's daughter Rachel as the price of silence. The mother finding entreaties in vain attempts to poison Hail, but he imagining something is wrong with toe wine offers the glass to Mrs. Lambert 's child, and a scream from Mrs. Lambert strengthens his suspicion. He then compels her to save the child to swallow the potion, and the curtain falls upon the death of Mrs. Lambert—who, however, witnesses the arrest of Mat Hall, and is thus folly assured of her daughter's safety. The first part of the play is decidedly the best, but the latter part degenerates into melodrama. As we have be fore remarked the wholo weight of the play fell upon Miss Cushman, who, as the fond and despairing mother, exhibited all the pswers of a consumeatte arti,stsi. Miss Swanborough, as Rachel, was excellent, end Howe, as Mat Hall, was exceedingly effective. The piece, which has been placed upon the stage with the greatest care and attention, war given Cu's for repetition every even ing. a1ian....1 IWYAL SURREY' THEA2'RE„ MR. FLEXMORE'S BENEFIT. This unequalled comic dancer and master of tho pan tomimic art concludes a most s uccessful engagement at the Surrey Theatre on Thursday, the Ist of Novamber, which is appointed for his benefit. After playing afe nights next month in Paris, Flexmorc returns to take the leading part in the Coven t Garden panto mime, and we are no true prophets if " the Wizard" and "the inimitable" do not insure a brilliant Christmas season at that splendid theatre. The friends of the popular beneficiaire and his accomplished lady will doubtless avail themselves of the opportunity afforded on Thursday evening of giving them "a bumper at parting" at the Surrey. The bill of fare comprises, among other entertainments, the drama of The Flower Girl, and the balets of The Spanish Dancers and Tied Dancing Scatcli•ktan, in the latter of which two of Flextrior:s young pupils, Miss Eliza Leo n, and " /its petite, Leon," an infant de.butante of three years old, will make the'j „g et vvArkio 41Varuwe. AUSTRALIA. We have received by the Ballarat our Australian letters and journals to the 15th August. The political intelligence from Victoria is not important. All parties were waiting the arrival of the new Constitution. The quantity of gold received at Melbourne in the week ending the 4th of August was 42,297 ounces ; in the week to the 11th of August 40,645 ounces. The price remains at 3/. 163. 6d. per ounce. Drafts against gold are at par. Freight of gold is 44d. per ounce. Insurance 2i per cent. The price of flour is declining. Fine qualities are from 441. to 451. per ton of 2,000 lb. ; seconds 401. to 431. ; wheat at the mills is bought at 163. and 17s. per bushel. THE POSITION OF GORTSCHAKOFF AND HIS ARMY. The Paris correspondent of the Morning Post says: "It appears from various reports of the German journals that the troops which entered Odessa, when that town was threatened by the allied fleets, have since been marched off again to Kherson and Nicolaieff. The Emperor himself is directing the disposition of his forces, and the defence of the two remaining grand depots of the Black Sea, these points evidently immediately occupying the attention of the enemy. It is to save the marine resources of the empire that the Czar Alexander, like the Czar Nicholas, is most anxious. The defeat of an army is not so much felt as the loss of a ship, and those maritime resources on which the traditional ambition of Russia must depend for future conquest. Now, as I have before ventured to remark, judging from the various public information which reaches Paris through the German journals, it is very questionable if the Allies will trouble the enemy at all at either of these two points. It is clear enough that the allied generals' game is strategical, and the enemy is so situ ated that he must fall into one or other of the traps. If Gortschakoff leaves the north side of Sebastopol and. retreats on Simpheropol, he can scarcely hope to cross the Belbek and Alma without risking a battle ; and it is Fro• bably on the wisdom of an operation of this nature that the grand council of war was held the other day in the presence of the Emperor. But supposing again that the Russian General succeeds in reaching Simpheropol with tke wreck of an army, the Allies will yet cut off his comcouni , cations with Perekop by the advanced troops which we know have pushed on from Eupatoria. Then, again, our position at Kinburn paralyses the connecting gut of the peninsula, and will certainly prevent the Rus sians from advancing to secure the beleaguered army corps of the Crimea. Then, again, the winter is rapidly approaching, and the steppes of the Crimea will become __sei ne but a huge grave-yard for any troops which may attempt to u“..s them. On the whole then we conclude the allies are in a favourable position and the enemy in a very deplorable one. Meanwhile, what is Russia (Leine The militia of the vast empire is brought up to the scene of action to fill the gaps of war and disease in the disheart. ned Russian army. The Russian generals ofthe Crimea pro claim to the Muscovite legions that "they will not retreat whilst an enemy is on Russian ground." The north forts of Sebastopol discharge their shot and shell ; new works are thrown up, and convoys are seen leaving Prince Gortschakoff's present position ! Probably then it has been decided within the last few days that the army cannot hold its ground, and when the last long line of carts are winding their way in the stillness of night through the gloomy gorges of the Belbek, the Crimea will he shook with another state suicide as the northern forts are blown up, and scatter the ground with the fragments of barbarian ambition. Public attention will then be directed to the advanced French lines on the Belbek ; the forces which are closing in from Eupatoria, and more especially, perhaps, to operations of which Kinburn will be the central point. Row: COLLEGE OP SURGEONS.—The following gen.. tlemen, having undergone the neces sary exam i nations for the diploma, were admitted members of the collega at the meeting of the Court of Examiners on the 26,h ainin William Hall, army ; William Carr, Gomersal, Leeds ; Frederic William Granger. army; John Winter Drylaad, Newbury, Berkshire; John Alexander Harvey, Kingston, Canada West; W 1- Earn Towneend Storrs, Church Missionary Society, China ; David Picachy, Calcutta ; John Stevenson, Gateshead ; Francis Joseph Dowling, Chew-Magna, Somersetshire ; Joseph Allen, Stradhrook, Suffolk; Edmund Robinson, Birmingham ; Edward Thomas Fur. niv,ill, Egham, Surrey ; Frederick. James Pettingal. Calcutta ; Edward Phelan Forrest, army ; and France Henry Wilson Iles, Bintirook-hill, Louth, Lincolnshire. At the same meeting of the Court Mr. Edward Achim passed his examination for naval surgeon. This gentle man had previously been admitted a member of the col• ! lege, his dipl oma b ear i ng date Apr i l 16, 1847. Sa ael tai th Cc th tic fie abl an It am; the 3,5 8,0 ~' \ 1 Pu rec iii at wh tali gr 2 lov •ol