The Sun. — London, England, 1849-12-04 00:00:00

~ ~,_e individual excellence. You have all your work before 1 you. You have much to do before you will have done 1 even coma on justice to our capabilities. And that is what every man ought to do. "We aE.:k no more from you, and wid not tak:.‘ less." But to accomplish it for us, you must apprneli the fountains of instruc • Lion with humility, and in the full conviction that at the end of the longezt life man is still only a scholar at the feet of science, knowledge, and improvement. Do not then, even if on perfectly good terms with yourselves, fancy yourselves so clever that there is nothing left- for you to learn. Such a fancy is the sure mark and characteristic of the man who is so very ignorant that he is even ignorant of his own ignorance. Neither, again, fall into the error of judging of your own acquirements by those of other people. Comparison, always deceitful, is most trea cherous when taken as the standard of intelligence and knowledge. It exalts the man with one eye into a king among the blind. Let your rule be always to be aiming at improvements, re collecting the maxim of the sculptor to his pupils, "This and better will do—but this and worse will never do." Indurtry will reduce mountains into molehills, while indolence will magnify molehills into mountains. The mind must be disciplined into emi nence. It cannot take it by storm, but only by sap and siege. In order to achieve it you must work, work, work. Miracles of brilliancy can only be ac complished by miracles of perseverance. The boy, if he lives, must ripen into the man—it is nature's ordi nance—he must grow on from the cradle to maturity —but the babe in knowledge may remain a babe for ever—his growth may be stunted—he may abide in the cradle to the end of his existence. It is the rule in all things. The poet has written— " For no laggard in sieve, no dastard in war, Shall wed tie fair Ellen of brave Lochinvar ;" and, in like manner, ignorance must not expect to woo and win the prizes of knowledge and education, nor idleness hope to grasp the rewards of energy and industry. And while lam warning you, let me give you a hint on another point. Never be led away by that fond and foolish vanity of modern times, whiefh is so often heard exclaiming and exulting, " that the child in the nursery is now acquainted with secrets and mysteries of science which were hid from a Bacon, and into which a Newton vainly sought to penetrate." For my part, I never hear this kind of boasting without being reminded of the saying, that " a dwarf upon a giant's shoulders can see farther than the giant," but put the tiny creature on his own legs again, and how far will he see then ? In one of his stories Dickens makes Mr. Short ask the showman, " What becomes of the old giants ?" to which the reply is "They're usually kept in caravans to wait upon the dwarfs." And many a small dabbler in the shallows of science in these days talks of the old giants, and fathers, and patriarchs of intellect, as if they were born and fit for no other use, and as if they who opened to us the great roads of mind, upon which we all now journey with so much ease, were in ferior to the lounging travellers who glide along them without a thought of the pioneers who, unguided, un helped, hewed their way through the desert and the wilderness, and left the fruits of their labours as an inheritance to future generations. Born amidst the intellectual sunlight of their kindling, we cannot ap preciate the value of their toils and discoveries. Only the blind man restored to sight can tell all the horrors of the darkness from which he has escaped. But let us strive to realise the same feelings, and look back with reverential awe upon the genius of the past. The genius of the present, with all its brilliancy, is only a further development of it, and in its greatest triumphs should yet render homage and tribute to " The dead, but sceetred, sovereigns, who still rule Our spirits from her r urns." And another word to the younger members of your institution. In the selection of books which you read, although mental relaxation is as necessary as biddy, do not devote yourselves too much to those lighter works, which will only encourage and strengthen imagination in its flight and dreams. Fancy is a strolling player, whose vagrant courses should be checked, and brought within the rule and line of discipline and system, But read the best of the old, and the best of the new, the cream of both, with as little of the blue milk as possible; and even so you will be able to make yourselves acquainted with only a slight sprinkling of the volumes which the teeming press is pouring forth day by day ; and even so you will only be like the ploughboy at the harvest home feast, who, when he had swallowed so many good things that he had brought himself to a state of surfeit, burst into tears, as the tables were cleared, and cried cut, "There's all that pudding left and I can't eat any more." And, in doing all this, make yourselves the masters, not the slaves of the books which you read, bringing all their contents before the bar of your judgment, and the test of your reason and common sense. I have always thought that a glorious exclamation of an eminent writer, in which he says, " I had better never see a book, than to be warped by its attraction clean out of my own orbit, and made a satellite instead of a system." All cannot he so ambitious as to become the authors and founders of a system, but all should strive, in the course of their reading, to extract the honey and leave the poison behind them. But why all this ? Young persons—very young ones—sometimes ask, Do we not see ignorant men grow rich and flourish, and obtain a larger share of the good things of' the world than the educated and enlightened ? Occa• sionally we do; but the exception does not shake the rule. There is such a thi ng a s t u mbling up stairs. But this is an exception; the general rule is to rumble down theta. I heard of a man lately who offered some painted sparrows for sale as canaries, and the trick succeeded; but no one could hope to give to such a trade a fixity of tenure. We hare been told of a merchant who shipped a consignment of warming-pans for the West Indies, and made money by the same, the sagacity of his agent having disposed of them as sugar ladles for him ; but the experiment was never repeated. Mazeppa, by an ingenious device of cruelty, was chained on his wild horse to be borne through all the agonies of torture, to a slow and lingering death, and was carried to a crown on his strange and maddened courser ; but the same royal road to power and dominion has never found a rider since. And, even so, though the un educated, by some chance or accident, do not unfre quently succeed better in worldly matters than the educated, still you may depend upon it, that, in the long run, ignorance is about the worst merchandise which a man can carry to market with him. Gene rally speaking, the ignorant man has to lean upon the crutches of extraneous support, while the educated man is self dependent and self sustaining. The one confides in the miseries and serf badge of importunity. The other waits for opportunity's flood-tide to sail oa to success if not to eminence. I will give- you an illustration of this, from an example just brought within my own experience. Not long since, only last week indeed, I met a labouring man :n my parish who with no small degree of pride and pleasure showed me a Canadian newspaper in which his bro ther was spoken of as So and So, Esq. I turned upon him at once to read the riddle for me, why one brother was earning his daily bread by his daily toil, while the other had attained the social position desig nated by the journalist. The thing was made plain to me in an instant. The one bad been receiving simple interest on a pair of hands, while the other had bad a pair of hands and a head out at compound in terest. The labouring man had been taught very little reading and no writing in his childhood. The Esquire, who is some years his junior, was not born until the family were in somewhat better circum stances, and had been instructed in reading, writing, arithmetic, and some other plain and solid acquire ments. Ido not mean to say that the possession of these acquirements necessarily carried him to the point which he occupies, but Ido mean to say that without them he would never have climbed to it. When the hour came there was the man ready for it. When the opportunity offered itself, he was prepared to take advantage of it, to jump into the saddle, and ride it on to fortune. I know that it is often asked, " But is not fortune blind ?" I think not ; after long watching, I should say that she has her eyes as wide open as any lady in the world. Dien are often blind to the opportunities which fortune places in their way, and then cry out that fortune is blind to their merits. They idle and daily on the river's banks while the tide is running in, and then when it has turned and is running out, exclaim that they are of all men the most miserable and unlucky. The sleeping hare was beaten in the race by the tortoise ; but where was the fault, whose the blame ? Fortune's or the hare's ? Besides, if ignorance does sometimes succeed by a lucky speculation, or the accident of inheritance, its roads to advancement are few and narrow. There are points of social dis tinction and eminence, professional celebrity, and ten thousand elevated arid exalted positions which it cannot possibly reach. The great gulf between it and them must be bridged, not jumped, and education is the architect which alone can span the chasm with its intellectual arches. Blot out, then, the very words, luck and chance, from y our voca b u l ary . Th e sa ili ng vessel waits for a wind, but the steamer buffets the way against both wind and tide. And so do you de pend upon the steam of education, the steam of self reliance, the steam of energy and industry. Get them well up, and fear nothing. When the Grand Seignior hid heard the stories of the two brothers, whom he ...cited in disguise, he said, "Henceforth let Murad he called Murad the Imprudent, instead of the Un lucky, and Saladin, Seladin the Prudent, instead of the Lucky." Ile was right. And, even so, should you, I say again, depend upon sell reliance and self cultivation, and not upon luck. A drifting ship, let her escape ever so long, must be wrecked at last, Ignorance must reach the end of its tether at some time. Take the corks away from the man whom they float, without swimming, and sink he must. You should, therefore, leave nothing to the lottery of chance. For even those who have faith even to credulity in the supremacy of fortune, will allow that there are more blanks than prizes in her wheel. In one THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, word, place all your confidence in your own energies And industry. Go on from one degree of reading and stu ly to another. Do not step because you have achieved something in the way of self-improve ment. Bat advance to more, f, more to more again. It was a saying of ale Eenperor Napoleon, " That there was never anything done as long as there was still something to do. Felon may be heaped upon Ossa, Alps upon Andes, but the skies are still a long way off. We are yet near the ground, after a whole life spent in efforts to soar above it. But enough. Go on and prosper. Let the friends of education rally round your Institute, and give to it every help and assistance. Improveuient, we have been told, is realised intelligence. And civilisation is realised intelligence. And order is realised intelli gence. And peace is realised intelligence. It i 3 a public treasure, a national capital, if I may so speak, of which too large an amount cannot be invested. Let it be your object to add to it continually. It may be, as you go through life, that you will now and then meet with some old-world enemy of popu lar education, who, having once taken up a prejudice against it, still clings to it as vehemently and vigo rously as ever. He cannot deny that our institutions are doing good, but he will ascribe it to accident and chance-medley, and will maintain that they are seem ingly beneficial, but certain to be mischievous in the event, which we would interpret to mean that de facto they are capital things, whoever may assert that de jure they ought to be very bad ones. I never hear men talk in this fashion without being reminded of the doctor who, having pronounced that his patie nt would die in the night, was both astonished and angry to find him not only alive, but much better, the next morning. Still we will not quarrel with our melan choly prophets. We only ask them to fix their time for the end of the world, and not to keep us in a constant state of agitation by adjourning it from day to day, as they find that the deluge will not come nor the skies fall in. A prediction which is neither more nor less than a floating policy, taking in all time between now and doomsday, is necessarily a safe one. I should like to see it put into a definite and specific shape, within certain limits, and with all particulars given of what is to happen within any reasonable period. Or, if it may not be your lot to meet with that now fortunately rara aeis an enemy of popular education, you may fall in with some of its iceberg friends, who damage it with the obloquy of faint praise, and who keep wondering and wondering, while they allow that it has effected much good, when and whether, or if ever, it will accomplish those mighty results in the world which its more en thusiastic and ardent champions anticipate from it. But recollect the old saying that " Rome was not built in a day." When Remus scoffingly leaped over the walls of the infant colony, when Romulus, his seat of government built of rushes and covered with thatch, ruled over a thousand miserable huts, inha bited by the wild spirits who had gathered round him, who could have foretold that it-would one day become the mistress of the world, the capital of the Caesars, proudly called the Eternal City, with its gor geous palaces and marble temples, its golden roofs, its Pantheon, its Colisseum, and all its monuments and miracles of art, whose full blaze of splendour none can appreciate, but whose very ruins still rivet the world upon them in awe-struck wonder and admira tion ? Away, then, with our doubters as to the fruits which education is one day destined to pros duce. They resemble children who pull up at night the seeds which they set in the morning, and are disap pointed and disgusted that germination has not com menced and made great progress. But wise men know, and think, and act differently. They plough, and till, and harrow, and prepare the ground and sow the seed, and then wait patiently for the long interval to elapse after which the harvest will arrive. And in educational husbandry, likewise means, not miracles, must work out ends. There must be ploughing be fere there is reaping. There must be a seed-time before there is a harvest. Or take another illustra tion. The acorn has been called the father of forests. But this patriarch of the woods is not surrounded by its offspring at once. It is first planted in the ground, and, for a time lost sight of, perhaps, forgotten. But, nevertheless, it has entered upon its appointed task. After a brief space a tender shoot, hardly to be recognised by the eye, appears above the ground. It grows. Heaven's warmth fosters it. Heaven's moisture cherishes it. The shoot increases to a sap• ling, the sapling to a tree, the tree to a gigantic oak. "Eureka, the work is complete. And, in like manner, the great task which our educationists have undertaken to accomplish, cannot be forced by any hot-bed process into a sudden maturity like that of the prophet's gourd. It is of the nature of things that it should be gradual, perhaps slow. But we doubt not that it will be sure. The acorn is planted deeply in the popular mind. The schoolmaster, the institute, the lecture, reason, thought, intelligence, all are fostering and cherishing it. It has already shot forth, and is high above the ground, Every day adds to its strength and magnitude. Even on the confession of its coldest friends, it has, from its very infancy, been producing 1 fruits gradually increasing to clustering profusion. We may not fear, then, as to its power and influence as it waxes greater and greater before the eyes of men. To-day it effects much; to-morrow it will accomplish more. Goon, therefore, and prosper, I say again, as I finish. May the glorious cause of popular Education increase and multiply, and grow on from the seed to the tree, from the cradle of hope to the maturity of reality ! May school be added to school, and institute to institute, through all the lengah and breadth of the land, as the branch only shoots forth from the parent stock to send out other branches from itself, the light of instruction extending from the palace to the mansion, from the mansion to the cottage, in the valley or on the hill-side, from the city to the village, and from the village to the hamlet, comforting the mariner in the night watches, consoling the wayfaring man in all his toils and troubles, cheering the solitary labourer in the field, and illuminating the workshop with its glorious beams. until at last the leaien of awakened intelligence, spreading from country to country, and from kingdom to kingdom, to the ends of the world, and co-operating with the mighty and civilizing influences of commerce, and the mightier and more holy elements of Gospel grace, shall bring about that brotherhood of nations of which angels have sung, but which men have so long resisted, when peace and good-will and love shall no more be strangers upon the earth, but rule over it, triumphant and supreme. He who contributes in the smallest degree to this con summation, may lay his hand upon his heart and say, "I have not lived in vain." The CHAIRMAN in putting the motion, said that he could not help taking that opportunity of expressing under how great obligations they were to Mr. Greene and Mr. Aspinall. He called upon Mr. H. GREGSON to move the next resolution, which was a vote of thanks to the committee who had arranged the details of the soireit. Mr. W. JACKSON seconded the resolution. Mr. J. S Etaamos responded, and, proposed is vote of thanks to the Rev. Mr. Aspinal. Mr. C. JOHNSON, jun., seconded the proposition. Rev. J. ASPINALL briefly responded. Mr. GREEN having taken the chair, Mr. R. H. LUNDE proposed a vote of thanks to the Chairman. The motion was seconded by the Rev. W. 11. Ilan- FORD. Mr. HEYWOOD, in returning thanks, remarked that he thought the subscription to the institution was too low. lie also recommended that the evening classes be formed into a regular evening school, under a good system, and that an application for Government as sistance would, under such circumstances, not be made in vain. The meeting then broke up, and the parties ad journed to the ball-room, where dancing shortly after commenced; James Heywood, Esq., M.P., and Miss Thornber led off the first dance. The arrangements for the ball appeared to give the greatest satisfaction to all present. A deputation from the Preston Institution, consisting of Messrs. Gradwell and Cameron, were present. TEMPERANCE MOYEMENT.—The third of a series of six great meetings in furtherance of the temperance cause was held last night at Exeter-hall; Mr. John Cassell in the chair. The subject selected was, " The claims of the temperance movement upon the teachers and friends of Sabbath schools , " in advocating which the various speakers, each taking a separate line of argument, endeavoured to prove—first, that it was the duty of teachers to inculcate the principles of total ab stinence; and, secondly, that to do so, they must abstain themselves. The chairman, the Bev. Jake Burns, D.D., the Rev. James Sherman, of Surrey Chapel, T. B. Smithies, Esq. (late of York), and the Rev. Asa Mahan, president of Oberlin College, United States, addressed the meeting in support of these opinions. It was strongly urged that the inculcation of temperance in the school- room, and before the child went forth into the world, was a much easier task than it would be found after a few years of the temptations of society. A great number of statistics and interesting calculations as to the useful purposes to which the money wasted on drink might be applied were also read. One gentleman, Mr. Smithies, gave the result of his inquiries into the inefficiency of Sunday-schools alone for the purpose for which they are intended. Ho thought the inculcation of temperance principles might r, medy the evil. A fourth meeting was announced to be held on the first Monday in January, at which ten workmen representing different trades are to take part, and Mr. Joseph Sturge is to preside. A grand meeting is also to be held at Drury lane to close the season. After the usual complimentary votes, and a hearty cheer for teetotalism, the meeting brake up at about h4ll-past nine. Crosses are ladders that lead up to Heaven.— Eliza Cook's Journal, C THE POTAT O e ofthe p have ottaakteoncsroomp in some pains his to ascertain the p res ent state and the surrounding localiti es . The crop is, we believe, n ow nearly wholly gathered in, an d the amount of damage occasioned by the blight does not, so far as we Can ascertain, exceed one-t enth; and even th a t ten th i s still valuable for feeding pigs.—Louth Advertiser. FRANCE M. Georges LAT:Ate, the son of the celebrated Marquis de Lafayette, and the father of MM. Oscar andlidmund de Lafayette, dic:l on Saturday. The Standing Committees of the Assembly mc.t in their rooms to examine the project of law for the modification of the 472 d article of the Criminal Code, relative to the execution, in effigy, of those who are condemned by default. The article is as toll° ws " An extract of the sentence of the condemned shall, within three [ "j from such sentence being passed, and under the superintendence Gf the Attorney-General, or of his substitute, bo affixed by the executor of cri minal judgments to a post planted iu the midst of one of the public squares of the city, or town, which is the capital of the arrondissement where the crime has been committed." The principle of the Bill which permits the substitu tion of the execution in effigy by a triple publication of the sentence of condemnation, appeared to be favourably received on the whole. PANAMA, Oct. 26. The steamer Oregon arrived here on the 23d from San Francisco, bringing 330 passengers, and 700,000 dolls. in gold manifested, and 300,000 dolls. by pri vate hands. News from that part not very encourag ing. The mines are not producing what has been represented, and much distress is expected during the coming winter. Cargoes have been sold by auction, not yielding 50 per cent. of first cost, and in some instances parties have had to draw, to cover expenses. There is in the harbour of San Francisco about 95,000 tons of shipping, and pro• bably they will during then inter months be able to get away, as no doubt hundreds will be glad to perform any duty either on shore or afloat to leave San Francisco. The class of people now required is agricultural labourers, with their wives and families. The outward emigration still continues. What effect the arrival of the 'present mail and passengers may have in the States it is difficult to say—any hopes held out, the Yankees must be moving. M. Dillon, the French Consul-General of the Sandwich Islands, now on his way to Europe, has been at variance with the Government of tliose islands, and took possession of Honolulu for three days. The British and American representatives protested against the proceedings. It appears M. Dillon has exceeded his powers, and his sudden de parture gives strength to the opinion. All quiet in Chili and Peru. Mr. Wheelwright is at present negotiating for a railroad from Copiapo to the port. - Panama has now become a central point, and a busy scene presents itself from Chives to Panama. We have the steamers from England and from the States at Chagres, the steamers from the south and one from California on the same date. Panama is perfectly healthy at present, but Chagres, we hear, is sickly. We are anxiously awaiting the commencement of the railroad, so as to make certain this will be the route to the Pacific. No question as to its facilities over any other.—Chremicle. sudden or ruinous alteration in the standard nine of gold.—Tiines. RAIL WAY 'NYE L;AGSNCE. MANCHESTER., SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE. — A committee of shareholders has been formed at Manchester, at a meeting held on Thursday last, at which a resolution was passed to th.i effect that the present position of the company requires the adoption of measures for effecting a thorough and unrestricted inquiry into its affairs. AUDIT OF RAILWAY ACCOUNTS.—It is stated that the returns to the circulars of the directors of the London and North-Western Railway Company on this question, showed, up to Saturday last, a vote of 8,000,000/. paid up capital stock against the proposed measure of Government audit. WINDING UP OF JOINT STOCK COMPAN'IES.—i-e -rernptory orders have been issued by the Alaster in Chancery Sir George Rose on William Frederick Hill and William Revell Vigors, contributories, for the payment by them severally of 1,305/. and 2001. to the official manager, by twelve o'clock on the 25th of February, 1850, towards the winding-up and discharge of the liabilities of the Godolphin Mining Company. THE EAST INDIA PENINSULAR. This company has, we understand, chosen from amidst a host of candidates three engineers, who will most probably go out to Bombay by the next mail for the purpose of proceeding at once with these works. The gentlemen selected are Mr. James Berkley, formerly a pupil of Mr. Robert Stephenson, and subsequently a sub-engineer on the North Staf- tbrdsh s ire line; Charles Ker, resident en gineer under Mr. Locke, on the Aberdeen line; and Mr. Graham, a nephew of Sir J. Graham, also a pupil of Mr. Stephenson's. We are informed the board have had some difficulty and some difference of opinion in making this selection for recommendation to the Est India Company, who, it appears, have a flat upon the subject. These appointments are naturally con4idered subjects of deep anxiety to the proprietors, because of the difficulties of the climate and the character of the labourers to be employed. The work will be one of no ordinary trial and importance, and those who are interested in the prosperity of India trust that this, the first experiment of a railway there, will be as successfully conducted as the great requirements of the country and the nature of the undertaking demand. BELFAST AND BALLYMENA.—BELFAST, NOY. 30. Yesterday, the ninth half-yearly general meeting of the directors and shareholders of the Belfast and Ballymena gailway Company was hell at the com pany's station, York-street. The Hon. George Hand cock in the chair. The directors' report stated that the arre;.:rs of calls outstanding had been reduced to the sum of 4,7201 . , the principal part of which they expected would be realised, and that they should be able, before the end of next half-year, to close the ca pital account. There had been 18,293 passengers fewer than in the corresponding period of last year, and a decrease in the passenger receipts of 1,556/. 12s. 4d. In the goods traffic an increase is shown for the same corresponding period of 2,925/. 16s. 11d., and an increase over the last six months of 952/. Os. sd. After paying interest on borrowed capital, and all expenses attendant on the maintenance and working of the line, there remains a balance in favour of revenue account of 3,3361. 14s. 51, out of which the directors recom mended a dividend being declared of 93. per share, payable on the 13th day of December next, on all shares paid up and entitled to dividend. The amount left at credit of reserved fund being 1,036/. 7s. 21., exclusive of amount to be received for carriage of the mails since the 6th of July, 1848. The report was adopted. PoLYTEC lINIC INSTI'T'UTION. On Saturday evening a rehearsal, or private repre sentation, of a new and interesting series of enter tainments, philosophical and pictorial, was given in the theatre of the above popular institution. Dr. Bachhoffner occupied the lecture table in the earlier portion of the evening, and delighted his auditors by numerous chemical experiments, elucidating the philosophy of scientific recreation. From several of the examples, the learned Doctor plainly showed that professors of magic owe much of their wonder-working fame to natural causes; thus, by the sid of the electric spark clearly exhibited, and its action explained, Dr. Bach hoffner in an instant lighted some score of candles, placed in a frame at a considerable distance. So likewise the effect produced by chemical agency on flame, was equally surprising—this was especially illus trated by a representation of the incantation scene from Macbeth. A curtain was drawn apart, and discovered three hags around the caul Iron, th, , flame proceeding from which shed a blue and ghastly lustre on the coun tenances of the witches, rendering them perfectly ap palling. The means by which these and other equally surprising effects are produced were explained in a simple and straightforward manner, so that a very juvenile capacity might readily comprehend the whole, and this certainly is no small recommendation, as it i was intimated that the new entertainments are in- tended for the delectation of the visitors during the approaching Chri,tmas holidays. If Dr. Bach hotfaer elicited applause behind the lecture table in the scientific department of the institution, he did not fail to sustain it in the pictorial and less severe portion of the evening's programme. Thia consisted of a series of dissolving views of London, as it was in the 16th century and as it now is. Much as we admire representations of foreign lands, there is a peculiar charm which invests one's own country beyond all others, alai which renders a representatio❑ of it far snore attractive than the famous places of antiquity. Pictures of Athens and Rome pall before Our own Old London, testifying to the truth of the words of the ballad, " There's no place like home," so that it is not always the case that "distance lends en chantment to the view." Charing-cross two hundred years ago was beautifully exhibited, and, melting gradually before the eyes of the spectators, was su perseded by a fine picture of the spot as it now ap pears, with its Nelson column, fountains, academy, St. Martin's Church, façade of Northumberland House, and so forth. Old London bridge with its houses ; the Tower, with the Traitors'-gate ; Old Cheapiide, West minster Abbey, Southwark, and other known localities were in turn displayed, and, as it were, contrasted with their present aspects ; the last picture shown was the new Coal Exchange. This drew forth thunders of applause. Each scene was accompanied by the appropriate performances of a band of wind instruments, which produced a very fine effect. At the close of the representation, Dr. Bachhoffner, who gave a familiar description of each view, pro nounced the name of Mr. Landells, the artist, so that -- - it may be presumed the public are indebted to the genius of this gentleman for what assuredly must become one of the most attractive exhibitions in the metropolis. A numerous and intellectual company separated, highly gratified with the evening's enter tainments, their gratification having been much enhanced by the courteous behaviour of Mr. Long bottom, the secretary. ALLEGED DISCOVERY OF ,A CURE FOE, HYDRO. PHOBIA.-M. Rocher d'fiericdurt, who has lately re turned from a journey in Abyssinia, has brought witb him about a score of MSS. in the Ethiopian language, all of vast antiquity and great literary value. They are folio in form, hound in red leather, with the Greek cross and strange ornaments on the covers. In some of them the writing runs right across the page; in others it is in columns ; in nearly all it is firm and bold in character. Some of the MSS. are on history, religion, and science ; one is a compete and very curi ous treatise on the mysteries of Eastern astrology ; and one, which appears to have been written at the beginning of the 11th century, contains a copy of the Bible, which differs in some respects from the ordi nary version. To obtain these treasures, M. d'Heri court passed a long time in Abyssinia, had to employ daring. cunning, persuasion, and force, to go through many extraordinary adventures, and endure many hardships and persecutions. Ho has, besides, obtained a mass of curious information on the religion (which it seems is half Jewish, half Christian), the manners, and the government, of the singular peop!e who inhabit Abyssinia; has ascertained all that could be learned on their country, of which so little is known; and has collected all the facts calculated to threw light on geology, mineralogy, botany, and other branches of science. But what ie more practically im portant than all is, that :he has brought with him numerous specimens of a plant, the root of which, reduced to powder, is a cure for hydrophobia, both is men and animals. Of its virtues Al. d'llericourt had practical proof: four dogs and a man, having been bitten by a mad dog, were, by application of the remedy, cured of the hydrophobia which ensued; whilst a fourth dog (bitten at the same time by the same animal) to which the remedy was not applied perished in all the agony of that terrible disease. The virtue of the plant and the man ner of preparing it for use, wore explained to the tra veller by a potentate of the country, who assured him that it was there generally used, and never Cent d, The specimens brought over by M. d'llericourt have been submitted to the Academie des Sciences, and a com mittee of that learned body has been appointed to teat their effisacy. It, as is confidently hoped, they have not lost their virtue in this European clime, the word will soon be put in possession of the meals of curing one of the most frightful disca;es to which fl , sh is heir, and M. Rocher d'Hericourt will have the glory of having conferred an inestimable blessing on mankind.—Paris Correspondent of the Literary Gazette. THE COFFEE DUTIES.--On and after the Ist day of January, 1850, coffee, kiln dried, roasted, or ground, will, under the New Customs Act of 12th and 13th Victoria, chap. 90, be admitted at the following duties, on impor tation into this country, .s•z.:—Of and from foreign countries the lb. Bd.; of and from British possessions the lb. sd. And by the 30,h section of tlis Act, it is enacted and declared, that such of the several sorts of goods as are by this Act charged with duty, as shall have been warehoused wi:hout payment of duty upon the importa tion thereof, and which shall be in the bonding ware house at the commencement of the duties imposed by the Act , aro to be deemed and taken to be liable to such duties. S. H. Philo was brought: h(4 - ,re the Lord M•:4vor, in the custody of Michae: :Lydon, the efficer, upon the charge of having ernt,zzled several sums of money, the property of his employers, Messrs. J.-kill - mu, of Mark-lane, wine and spirit merchants. It was the prisoner's duty to receive money and e7Jer it in the books ; arid it was proved that ho hod given receipts for three several sums without haying entered them in the books, and approi rated the money to his own use. Upon the first examination of the prisoner, a few days ago, a man of very respectable appearance pro posed to bail the prisoner, after having spoken in the highest terms of his character, but The LORD MAYOR, by the advice of Mr. Goodman, the chief clerk, refused to take bail, very much to the chagrin of the applicant. Mr. Humphreys, for the prosecution, said he was sorry to be obliged to call evidence to show that his Lordship had acted most judiciously in declining to accept sureties, as the prisoner had been previously convicted. Mrs. Emma Phillips, the wife of Mr. T. Phillips, engraver, stated that she knew the prisoner, and that in the year 1848, at the summer assizes at Warwick, she had attended as a witness for his prosecution, when he •pleaded guilty to a charge of embezzlement. The prisoner was committed for trial. James Davis, a cabdriver, was convicted as a rogue and vagabond, and sentenced to be imprisoned for three months, for having stolen a carpet-bag con taining clothes, with which he had been intrusted by a gentleman who was going abroad. The robbery was committed at the Dover Railway terminus. The cabman was, of course, deprived of his badge, and his licence was cancelled. He would have been com mitted for trial if the gentleman had not been obliged to leave this country at once. MARYLEBOIVE. Mr. John Conway and Mr. William Calder, said to be gentlemen of - the highest respectability, were brought before Mr. Long on the charge of having created a disturbance at the house of Mr. Hampton, 59, Beaumont-street, Cavendish square, and who dezcribed himself as being manager of the Palace Club Chambers, St. James's-street. A great deal of evidence was gone into, from which it appeared that there had been some misunderstand ing between the complainant and a gentleman named and in consequence thereof some correspond ence had taken place. One letter forwarded by Mr. Calder was looked upon by complainant as being of a hostile character; and ultimately both of the defend ants came to complainant's house, and a considerable disturbance there ensued. The offenders were at length given into custody, after much struggling and threatening language on the part of one of them. The origin of the quarrel did not transpire before the Court, but The MAGISTRATE, after having sundry letters put in, and which were read by Mr. Phillips, the clerk, felt satisfied that the complainant was entitled to the protectiJn which he sought for, and ordered the defendants to enter into their own personal reecogni zance of 2001. each, and also to find two sureties in 1001 each, for keeping the peace for the next twelve months. CALIFORNIA. If our Californian intelligence is to be implicitly trusted, the reports just received must be described as more extraordinary than any which have pro- ceeded even from that region of wonders. The dis coveries of gold mines, if not of gold, multiply daily. " Placers " and " washings " ere brought to light, each successively of greater productiveness than those known before. Large as is the influx of adventurers, the opportunities of the period and the resources of the soil appear to increase in a far more than corre sponding ratio. A clue seems at length to have been found to those primary veins of native gold of which the present diggings merely represent the pulverised deposits. Colonel Fremont's estate has yielded a solid bed of gold stone more than a mile long and upwards of two feet thick. This was the first announcement. Later reports, however, allege that the length of the vein is fully two leagues, with an average breadth of 150 feet, and the story is characteristically com pleted by the statement that at one end of the mine there is a deposit of native silver calcu lated to defray all the expenses of machinery and working. So singular a - coincidence of pro- vision seems almost peculiar to 'Transatlantic soil, and is, perhaps, the greatest prodigy of the place; but the town-gossip of San Francisco is full of con clusions scarcely less astonishing. It seems to be now ascertained that this city itself is built of auriferous materials and upon a real placer of gold, so that, to match the living wonders of California, we shall have nothing left but those desirable regions depicted in the " Arabian Nights," where fruit trees are loaded with the richest porcelain, and stupendous castles are constructed from a single ruby. The results upon the town population are most remarkable. Little boys make their five or six dollars a-day by grubbing in the gutters, like the urchins who scramble fur halfpence in the mud at Blackwall. One of the re venue officers, being debarred by his duties from the exhilarating air of the public placers, beguiled his confinement by instinctively picking out the adobes, or bricks, from the walls of the Custom-house, and found that he had got as good a digging as his neighbours. Large profits are made by sinking wells, and sewers in this favoured settlement pay for their own construction five times over. Nor can the rents perhaps be any longer considered exorbitant, for a man may pay his landlord with the proceeds of his own bricks and mortar. Yet the dis covery is not without its dangers. The possible contingencies are too alarming to be speculated upon with calmnes, fur, if free scope is left to the tempta tions of these domestic diggings, the honeycombed streets will some day or other collapse and settle, like Troy in its flames ; and a dead lake of rubbish will be all that is left of the young emporium of the Pacific. At present, however, San Francisco still sits in state among her hundred suburbs. Towns are looking up, excepting a new New York of Colonel Stevenson's, which is rather low in credit. Benicia lots (i. e. streets), too, are slightly dull, but the other creations of the summer are promising fairly. Labour still commands its share of the earth's treasures, and in one instance, indeed, has carried its de mands so high as to exemplify very strikingly the operation, in this respect, of the immutable prin ciples of free trade. Eight dollars a dozen were exacted as terms for that vulgar kind of " washing" which was naturally in disrepute in San Francisco. The consequence has been that the Californians have signally reversed the advice of the proverb, and instead of keeping their dirty linen at home have actually sent it to be washed in China. The practice, though not, as we should think, without its inconve niences, has been decidedly successful in an economical point of view, and a welcome arrival of some hundred dozen " articles" from the Canton wash took placejust as the last mail was leaving. One of the most extra- ordinary results of this wonderful discovery is the impulse it has given to the enterprise of the Celestial I Empire. Chinamen, hitherto the most impassive and domestic creatures of the universe, have started into new life at the tidings from the mines, and have poured into California by thousands. Besides im porting several large suburbs, complete, they have constructed, erected, and furnished nearly half the houses in San Francisco. They swarm in the settle ment like Scotchmen in India, or Maltese in the Mediterranean towns. They have even seized upon the most profitable trades, and the best restaurants in the place are kept by . adventurers from the Flowery Land. Bong-sung and Wang-tong especially have acquired by their chow-chow, curry, and tarts, a prodigious reputation, and, fur the first time in the annals of the world, Frenchmen appear to have been superseded in their hereditary capacities of mitres dheotel. From no quarters, however, has the tide of immigration slackened, nor does it appear that the number of settlers is yet thought in any de gree to have approximated to the capacities of the country for maintaining them. Hitherto there has been no jealousy of feeling in this respect. One act, indeed, of the community redounds highly to their credit, and speaks voluines for the abundant promise ltihkeem likely to tl laden be n hun dr e d rel il i i of the re g ion. It b e ing reported that large cara wcat:esadu. pack - mul es Meantimel smuuppl cara vans of emigrants were suffering distresses on the way, several e l s ie ere s w a - its ilv sentcertainly erre t thought n o o l u uy t gh to t meet strange,most that although gold is un d ou bt e dly b o th f o und and exported i n considerable epautities, so little effect has been produced upon the bullion markets of the world. Two great results were naturally anticipated from the Californian discoveries—the rapid and summary colo nization of the North Pacific Coast of America, and an unexampled abundance of the most precious of metals. The first of these expectations has been realised in its fullest extent, but the latter has been hitherto disappointed. Even in the New York money market no direct inluence of the mines has been yet perceptible, and our latest intelligence states, as the only result of the arrival of one large cargo and the announcement of others, that confidence has been given to capitalists, and that th e -market continues in a sound and wholesome cond i t ion. In this country, though some of the genuine produce of the diggings has at length reached us, yet it is singular how little the great gold mart of the world can be hitherto said to have been directly affected. A few moderate consignments, a single story of a successful adventurer actually returned, and a periodical publi cation of new and more wonderful discoveries, re present all that we know of California and its trea sures. Nor, if we form our conclusions by analogy rather than by rumour, do we think there is much ground for presuming any startling change to be in prospect. Various reasons have been hitherto alleged for the disappointment of predictions, but time has disposed of all these excuses, and still we get little more gold than before. On the whole, therefore, we are confirmed in our belief, that though the ultimate re sults of these discoveries may materially affect both civilization and commorce,lthey will not comprise any DECEMBER A 1849. POLICE IN TEL LIGENCE 1`.1,4:v5i0. , , JlO US E. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. JOSIIIJAELT). Esq., in tr.o Chair. TUESDAY, Nov, 27.—The paper read ws a " De t'er4)tion of the 01:1 Southend Pier-hl!ad, and the ensiun of the pier; vvith an inquiry into th.• n•t'ure and ravages of the t Teredo and the means hitherto adopted for preventing its attacks," by Mr. John Paton. iter describing the form of construc!ion of the old pier -head, and showing the adoption of copper sheathing for protecting it from decay, and the im portant considerations involved in the attempt to preserve marine structures, the paper explained the ravages committed by marine worms ("Teredo Navalis," " Lymnoria Terebrans," and others) on the piles, both above and below the copper sheathing. This sheathing extended from the top of the mud to three feet above low water-mark; the worm destroyed the timber from two feet below the surface of the mud, to eight feet above low water spring tides, and, in fact, out of thirty-eight fir timber piles, a id various oak piles, not one remained perfect, after being up only three years ; indeed, some were entirely eaten through. A general outline of the extension of the pier, and a minute description of the pier -head, were then oiven showing the means adopted by the uze of iron piles, and by scupper-nailing the inner piles, to preserve the structure from decay. The greater portion of the extension of the pier, the length of which was one mile, as well as the whole of the pier -head, were constructed of square, hollow, iron piles, and scupper-nailed fender piles; the iron piles being forced to a depth of from eight feet to sixteen feet, by pulling them backwards and forward with ropes attached to them, and not by driving in the usual manner ; they were then filled with gravel and concrete to within five feet of the top, and the fir piles to sustain the superstructure were fitted into them. The pier-head was constructed with forty cast iron piles, and twenty fender piles, nailed from five feet below the bed of the sea to eight feet above low water; its greatest height was twenty five feet above low water spring tides. The paper then entered into an investigation of the nature and operations of the " Teredo Navalis," and showed, as a remarkable peculiarity, that no chemical means had hi herto prevented wood from being de stroyed by these animals and the "Lymnoria Tere brans," whose destructive powers were likewise no ticed, and as having penetrated between the copper sheathing and the wood at Southend. The operations of the " Teredo," although most destructive in warm climates, extended themselves to all places, having been found almost in the Polar seas. The chief peculiarities which distinguished the " Teredo " were stated to have been ascertained by minute microscopical investigation, and that woody fibres of an extremely minute nature had been discovered in the body, thus setting at rest the question as to whether the " Teredo" did actually feed upon the wood. It was stated that the failure of chemical means to preserve timber from destruc tion by the marine worm was believed to proceed from two causes, namely, of poisonous compounds having no seriously injurious effect upon them, and the sea-water, and other things, decomposing the poison. ous ingredients contained in the wood. In corrobo ration of the first of these views, accounts of experi ments made by Mr. Paton were adduced ; and Physi ological facts, quoted from the British and Foreign Medical Review, were brought forward to show that cold-blooded animals were much more tenacious of life than those of a higher temperament; and hence it was argued, that, as it required a very large quantity of poison of the most virulent nature to destroy animals of a much higher order than the "Teredo Navalis," it would take a still greater quantity to affect those animals as they existed in their own element; and it was questioned, under these circumstances, whether wood could ever be so completely and thoroughly saturated, as in any degree to affect them. The corrosive action of the sea-water, its extended in• fluence and constant variableness in different parts of the gobe, were then commented on, and some of the various salts held in solution mentioned. It was believed to be impossible to form any general notion of the precise action of seawater on timber, whether chemically saturated, or not, without a series of most minute experiments, and a large body of facts, carefully collected in different parts of the globe—as that which might be advantageously used in the Thames, might not be of the slightest avail in the Tropics, and vies versa; it was thus questioned, whether any generally applicable principle could be found for the counteracting of that universal solvent of soluble matter. The conclusions arrived at were, that the ravages of the marine worm were not prevented by any chemical application, and that nothing but mechanical means could ever prove completely successful, studding with broad-headed nails was considered to be the most effectual remedy, and various authorities were quoted, proving its success. The paper concluded with a list of places where wood, prepared with various chemical ingredients, ha•l been destroyed from various causes. The discussion was commenced by the Dean of Westminster, vaho descanted very lengthily on the analogous action of the Pholas on stone, and on other topics, until, as the evening was so far advanced, it was announced that, the discussion on the paper would be continued at the next meeting, on Tuesday, Dec. 4th, when the first monthly ballot would take place. AN EMIGRANT SHIP ON FIRE. The Tay brings an account of the total loss of the emigrant ship Caleb Grimshaw, Captain lloxie, by fire, sixteen miles south east of the island of Flores, one of the Azares. The emigrants, 390 in number, with the crew, were providentially saved from de struction. The cry of " fire" was raised at about eight o'clock on the night of the 12th ult. The decks were immediately flooded. On raising one of the fore hatches the fire was discovered abreast the chain locker. The heat was so intense that no one could live below, and the immense quantities of water poured into the ship by the crew and passen gers generated steam, and the heat at length became insufferable. But this was the only means by which the ship was kept from being rapidly consumed. The boats were stowed astern of the burning vessel for five days and nights, filled by poor emigrants be wailing their fate, while about 60 were on a raft, when a ship was seen bearing towards them, which proved to be the barque Sarah, Capt. Cook, bound from London to New Brunswick, in ballast. As soon as the captain of the Sarah saw the signal of distress, he immediately approached, the Caleb Grimshaw, but was only able to get on board during the night of the 17th three boatsful of passengers, owing to the wind blowing hard. The next day, the 18th, he got on board about 150 passengers. Night approaching, and the wind still increasing, he was obliged to lay to. On the 19th there was a heavy sea, and no more could be got off. On the 20th about 10 persons who had escaped from the burning ship volunteered to return and relieve those who were on board at work, as by this time there was no more water or provisions to be got without raising the hatches. The main mast was now settling down, and the upper deck was working each way. On this day the ship floated to the leeward of Flores into smooth water, and during the night all the passengers that remained on board were got off. Before the last of the crew left they lifted the hatches, and immediately the ship burst into a terrific blaze. The escape of all the persons, 399 in number, was most miraculous. Con sider a ship, filled with nearly 400 persons, on fire for eight days and nights, and not a single person lost his life ! Nothing but the continual flooding the ship prevented her from being burnt to the water's edge, and every soul on board perishing before relief could be had. The crew and men worked like heroes. The conduct of the master of the Sarah was , beyond all praise. For three days and nights did he hover about the burning ship amidst the most tempestuous wea ther, taking every opportunity to lower his boats to save some of the passengers Nothing could exceed his heroism and humanity. To him, under Divine Providence, the unhappy emigrants owe their preser vation. Although perpetually obliged by the tem pestuous wind and heavy sea to leave them apparently to a dreadful fate, he always endeavoured to keep in sight, and cheer their aching hearts with a prospect of escape. The Sarah arrived at Fayal with the crew and passengers of the Caleb Grimshaw in safety. The passengers had lost everything on board, and were perfectly destitute, for they had the greatest difficulty to get food from the burning ship to keep them alive. Captain Iloxie chartered the Sarah to take on the passengers to New York. The Sarah had not left Fayal when the Tay took her departure, but the American Consul was using the most strenuous efforts to arrange everything for her leaving. The Caleb Grimshaw belonged to Messrs. Grimshaw, of Liver pool. The origin of the fire was not known. GAS -LIGHTING.—The Salford Council Committee in management of the Corporation Gas Woiks report, that notwithstanding the reduction of charges for gas from 65. and ss. to ss. and 4s. ad. a thousand cubic feet (or rath , r in consequence of that reduction it might have been said). the gas rental shows an increase over previous returns, and " they are confirmed in their previous opinion, that a very large increase in the consumption of gai will be the result of the reduction in the price." The retbtal in 1848 was 12,7701. odds—in 1f49 it rose to about 15,0001. The consumption in private houses, the committee believe, would be still fuTther and greatly in cre2sed by hiring out meters at a small quarterly charge. —The Central Gas Consumers' Company for lighting the City of London and its liberties, &c., is quietly mus• tering its forces. The directors are said to have entered into formal written enzagemehts for delivery of gas of superior purity and iliundr , ating power into the com pany's gas-holders, at ls. 41-d. per 1,000 cubic feet, and 4,680 extensive consumers within the city are said to have already contracted to take 270,000,000 feet, at a maximum price of 43. per 1,000. When the consump tion from the company reaches 750,000,000, they promise to reduce their charge to 3s. per 1,000, and in either case to clear a dividend of 10 per cent.—A company of gas engineers and contractors, we observe, are offering to manufacture gas, either on a small scale or a large, so as to be saleable in 1111 eases at 33. per 1,000 eubio feet.—Build.r. WESTMINSTER. Richard Paton, a coal- porter, was charged under the following circumstances : Ann M'Donald, a poor widow, who wore a bandage round her head which entirely covered one of her eyes, stated that on Saturday evening ehe went into the tap room of a public-house at Pimlico, and offered some men's nightcaps and braces for sale. Defendant, who was sitting in the room, took one of the caps, and having put it on complained that it was not large enough, when an old woman, who was making use of very bad language, rushed towards him, and having exclaimed, "I don't like to see my son look like Manning," pulled the cap off and threw it on the ground. Complainant picked it up, when deft ndant took it out of her hand and said he thought he should like it. She was then surrounded by his companions, who amused themselves at her expense, and, finding all her endeavours to get the cap back fruitless, she went into the street and called a policeman, to whom she was narrating the circumstance, when the defend ant and his companions came out of the house, and the accused, taking a short pipe from his mouth, jobbed the shank of it into her flesh just beneath the eye. She was conveyed to the Westminster Hospital, where the wound was dressed, and the doctor had, upon her again going to the hospital on the following morning, said that there was fortunately no danger of her losing the sight of the eye, although it was a dangerous place. Edward Morsman, 103 B, proved that the poor woman was speaking to him when the accw:ed com mitted the savage assault complained of. lle imme diately took the prisoner, when he resisted and struck him over the head and body several times, but did not hurt him much. Defendant was quite sober at the time. Mr. BRODERIP inquired what he had . to say to the charge ? Defendant entered into a long, rambling story, about wanting a nightcap to wear, as he had been ill ; but declared that it was one of the other men took the cap from the woman. On th 3 second occasion he had been drinking, and did not recollect any such thing as knocking the pipe into the woman's eye. Mr. BKODERIP observed that it was a most wanton and unprovoked assault, and fined the defendant 41., or, in default, six weeks' imprisonment, for the otE, , nce against the poor woman ; and ordered him to ha further committed for fourteen days for attacking the constable. WORSHIP-STREET. Mr. Samuel Alabaster, a beershop keeper or publi can in Tabernacle-walk, Finsbury, was brought up on a warrant before Mr. Hatnmill, in the custody of Hayward, the warrant-officer, charged with the fol lowing outrageous attack upon Joseph Rowlings, assistant to Sloman, the Sheriff's officer, whilst in the execution of his duty. The complainant, whose bead was enveloped in bandages, stated, that an execution having been levied upon the defendant's goods under a writ of fieri facia' on Tuesday last, he was left in possession to take care of the furniture, and ever since he had been subjected to the most opprobrious treatment from the defendant himself, who had not only constantly as sailed him with the grossest abuse, but also violently assaulted him on different occasions, with the evident object of inducing him, from fear, to relinquish pos session. He, however, maintained his position until twelve o'clock on Saturday night, when the defendant, after closing the house, and directing a friend of his, named Thackeray, to bolt and chain up the doors, in a state apparently of great excitement, entered the bar parlour, where witness was seated, and accused him of having scandalously insulted his daughter on the preceding afternoon. The accusation was wholly without foundation, and having told him that he had not interfered with the young woman any further than was absolutely necessary to prevent the forcible removal of part of the goods, which was being carried on under her directions, and which they had succeeded in effecting notwithstanding, and carrying away from the premises, the defendant exclaimed that all the sheriff's officers might go to --, and that he was determined to take away whatever he thought proper, and would do so in spite of them. He then asked him whether he intended to be " civil " or the reverse, and on witness replying that he could not allow the things to be taken away, the defendant called his friend Thackerny into the room, and or dered him at once to Wee down a full-length portrait which was hanging over the mantelpiece. Thackerny proceeded to do so, and was about to remove it from the room, when witness endeavoured to stop him, but was immediately attacked by the defendant, who seiz.-cl him by the collar, and, forcing him back into a corner, commenced beating him about the face and head till the blood streamed from a deep gash under one• of his eyes, and poured on to his clothes. He called out loudly for assistance and begged for mercy, but the defendant told him it was perfectly useless for him to attempt resistance, and at the same time renewed the attack and forced him down upon a sofa, where he held him down by his hair for about 20 minutes, during which several articles were removed from the premises, including the picture before mentioned, which was taken out at the back and carried away. He then entreated the defendant to allow him to sit up, which he at length did, but placed himself in a chair in front of him to prevent him from rising and opposing the removal of the property, and he was detained in the house till the following morning, when he succeeded in pri vately dispatching a message to the officer of the sheriff (Sloman), who sent down two other men to relieve him, and witness immediately male his way to the station-house, with his face still bleeding, as it had continued to do all night, where he was advised to apply at this court for redress, and having had his injuries dressed by a surgeon, he came here and ob tained a warrant for the defendant's apprehension. Mr. Sloman, who was in attendance, said that the conduct the defendant had pursued throughout these proceedings had been characterized by such lawless violence and determination to set the law at defiance that he felt himself connpe!led, for the protection of hie servaets in cases of a similar description, to press the case against him with as much severity as he could. Mr. Hutson, who appeared for the defendant re served the defence, and Mr. Hammier. said that the charge was of far too serious a nature to admit of his dealing with it in a summary manner, and he should therefore direct the depositions to be taken, and send it for the considera tion of a jury at the sessions ' • in the meantime, he would accept substantial bail for the defendant's future appearance to meet the charge, which he should fix at the defendant himself in 50/, and two sureties in 251. each. . . The bail was shortly after produced, an i the de fendant thereupon released from custody. TE E COUNTRY 3LIRKETS. The following is the official state: corn, &c., received in the port of Essex, from the . .6th Nov., 1849, both inclusive : ment of the quantiti London from the po: , to the Ist Dec., Colchester . P.O- 23 70 526 Harwich Leigh 4',3 220 150 61 Maldon . 13951 252 200 9 3061 . 212 73J HADDINGTON, Nov 3o.—The following are the prices of grain at our market to-day : heat. Barley. Oats. Bean. First ... 43s OA 25s 6d I 19s 0,1 32s Od Second ... 345 81 2ls 61 :6s 10d 285 Od Third ... 305 Od 15x 61 12* 01 26.3 01 Second ... 34i 81 1 '?la 61 :6s 10d 1 28s (hi Third _. .. 30s Od 15. i 6d 12* 01 2Eis 01 Total quantity of Wheat in market 584 qrs., 5:1 sold Do. Barley do. 555 (vs , 319 sold Do. Oats do. 545 qrs., 480 soli Do. Beans do. 82 qrs., 42 sold KIRKA LDY, DEC. I.—The following are the quotations up to this date:— . _ _ - Wheat. Barley. Oats. Beans. 1 Peas. First 423 Od 23. 0.1 203 0,1 —s Od i—B Od ' , eeond 403 Od 2is 6d 17s Ed —s Od I—s Od '‘ird Oatmeal, per Cal; of 2804 - bs. imp.. 25s to 268.0 d GLASGOW, Nov. 2.9.-1 3 r)vitions—Cheese, 46s to 50s 03 per cwt ; retail, 5d to 6il per lb. Skim milk, 18s to OJs per cwt. Country fresh butter, 9d to 11d per lb ; Irish pow dered, in lumps, 9d to 10d; country powdered, wholesale, 70 to rid. Country eggs, 9d per dozen ; carried hen ditto, 5s 6d per hundred, or 7d per dozen. Hens, 2f Od per ; ducks. 2s Od. STIRLING, Nov. 20.—Wheat, foreign. 21s to 211 Od; ditto, home, 2,3 Od to 030 d ; ditto ditto new, 163 to 18s ; barley, per boll of 6 bushels, OW Od to COs Od ; ditto new, 12. to 17s 6el; oats, common, 12s Od to 135 Od ; ditto new, 960 d to lOs Od ; ditto, Flemish, Os Od to Os Od ; ditto eitto new, Os Od ; malt distillers, 333 to 355; ditto brewers, 35; Od to 38s ; beans, per boll, Os 00 to Os Od ; ditto new, I6s Od to 17s 6d; peas, 14160 to Os 00 ; flour, new, per sack, 34s to 35s ; ditto common ditto, 24s Od to 2.5 s 6d ; oatmeal, per load, Os 00 to Os 00; ditto new 26s Od to 28s ; ditto per peck of 7lbs, Sid to Os Od ; fresh butter, per lb, 8d to 10d ; eggs per dozen, 6d to 7d; hay per ton, 41s to 475. KELso, Nov. P.—WI - teat, old, 00s to 00s ; ditto, new, 210 to 30s d ; barley, new, 14s to 16s 6d ; ditto old, (Os Od to 00s ; potato oats, 00s to 003; ditto new, I Is to 13; 00 ; com mon oats, 00s to 00s Od ; ditto new, 103 to 12s Od ; peas, 00s to 00s Od; beans, 20s to 22,5 per boll of six imperial bushels. PHRTII, Nov. 29.—Wheat, 32s Od to 44s Od ; barley, 19 5 to 23s Od; oats, 14s to 16s; peas and bears, 25s Od to 28s 00 per quarter. Oatmeal, per sack, 26s to 28s. Fai.xxxx, Nov. 29. —The supply of grain in this day's market was 523 bolls; wheat at 15s. 00 to 191 00 per boll ; barley, 1413 d to 17; 6d ; oats, lls 9d to 133 6d; beans, 12s Od to 13s Od per boll ; oatmeal, Os to Os per load. Hawicx, Nov. 29.—Wheat, new, 26s Od to32s Od; barley, new, 141 to 18s Od ; ditto old, 0011 to 00s ; potato oats, 12s Od to 14s Od ; common oats, lls to 14s Od ; peas, 20s OA to 24s Od; beans, 20s Od to 24s Od per boll of six imperial bushels. BERWICK, Nov. 29.—Wheat, 31s 41d ; barley, 2Gs Od oats, 17s 4d ; rye, Os Od ; beans, Oos Od ; peas, 00s Od ave rage per imperial quarter. COAL MARK E Cares Hartley Davison'sWest Hartley 153 Od East Adairs Main l3s 90 Hasting's Hartley lss Od Old Tanfield Ord's Redheugh West Wylam Wall's End, Ere. Brown's Gas l3s 9, Hetton I.—YEBTETWAT. Howdon. Whitworth lss Od Lees .... .• l9 i, 03 Anthracite. 2ss Od Birebg. Graigola, hdpk 1.98 64 - Cowpen Hartley Nixon's Merthyr and Cardiff Sidney's Hartley Ships at market, 24. RAILWAY SHAKE MARKETS. BRISTOL, DE 3. ATocx Excx ANG IL—The transactions to-day were follow :—Great Western, Quarters, 10 15-16 dia.—Ditto, 171' Shares, 7% dis.—Bristol and Exeter, Thirds, 12 die. LivratrooL, DEC. 3. STOCK EXCIIANCE.—There was a very good demand for shares to-day at the quotations. The transactions wer e as follow.—Lancashire and Yorkshire, Fifths, 64 ail.," Ditto, Halves (Huddersfield and Sheffield), 3031 1 —Caleu°" nian, IVA—London and North-Western, 116—Ditto, New Quarters, 1 1 / 8 p.— Ditto, Fifths, 114 p.— Midland, Halvat Bs. 91 dis.—North British, New Preference, s%_soutb; Eastern and Dover, (No. 4), 6% —York, Newcastle, and Berwick (G. N. E. Purchase). 6 pe• cent. till 1850, 4 dis' MANCHESTER, DEC. S. STOCK EXCHANGE. —The transactions to-day were follow: Caledonian, 13 1-16 Ditto, Preference, 9 7.161 —Lancashire and Yorkshire, Fifths, 6%dis.—Ditto (NV! Riding Union), 6% cl!s.—London and North-Western, 11 —Ditto, Ne•.v Quarters, 1 1 ,i 1 p. Ditto, M. and 13., Quarts.' (C.), 2 p.—Manchester, :Sheffield, and Lincolnshire ( se i 1), 11% Ditto, Preference, 9 11-16 —Ditto (Sheffield au Lincolnshire), 4% —North Staffordshire, 9 :3-16 Sold' . Eastern and Dover (No. 4), Scrip, 6%—South Staffordsh ire, 4 dis. BIRMINGHAM, Disc. 3. STOCK EXCIIANGE.—The transactions to-day were A l follow :—Birmingham, Wolverhampton, and Stour 934—London and North-Western, 116—South Staffordsh ire ' 4/. 6s. 3d. dis. for cash. YORK, Dzc. 1. STOCK Excaarc - ac.---The transactions to-day wer° I g • Follow:—Midland, 51 1 4 - York, Newastle, and Berwick.. —Ditto (G. N. E. Purchase), WA—York and North bird land, 19A. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S.—YESTERDAY. LEAMINQTON STEEPLECHASE -6 to 1 agst Mr. J. Elmore's British Yeoman—taken 6 to 1 agat Vain Hope—taken 10 to 1 agst Mr. Henderson% The Doctor—taktn 10 to 1 agst Captain Little's Chandler 12 tot agst Mr. Mason's Peter Simple 100 to 8 apt Little Fanny—taken 100 to 7 agat Agitation—taken 15 to 1 agst Little Houghton—taken 15 to 1 agst Abd-el-Kader • Very little done on this event, and only the t" Lvourites in any force. LEAMINQTON HURDLE-RACE. 5 to 1 agst Miss Burns 5 to 1 apt Vaut Rein 6 to 1 agst Mrs. James 7 to 1 egst Syrup CHESTER CUP. 1,060 to 20 agst Sir R. Bulkeley's Melody—taken od offered 911 1,600 to 15 agst Lord Chesterfield's Lady Evelyn -46k 1,600 to 15 agat Mr. Eddison's John Cosser 1,000 to 25 agst Mr. Parr's Idle Boy—taken 2,000 to 25 agst Mr. Gregory's Damask—taken 1,000 to 10 agst Mr. S. Conway's Kennington—ta ken 1,000 to 10 agst Mr. Pedlev's Cossack—taken 1,000 to 10 agst Duke of Richmond's Halo—taken pm() to 10 apt Mr. Murphy's Dough—taken 1.000 to 10 agst Hr. J. Scott's Mulgrave—taken 2,000 to 20 agst Captain Haworth's The Baroness --- 2,500 to 25 agst Mr. Nolan's Blucher—taken DERBY, 1850. 9 to 1 agst Mr. W. Edwards na Bolingbroke 11 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's Ghillie Callum 12 to 1 taken to 501. 81;° 12 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's Knight of Avenel --'t 1 to 1 15 to 1 agst 2i Mr. Meiltlam's The Italian—taken to 504 22 to 1 agst Mr. J. Scott's Cyprus—taken 25 to 1 agst Mr. Pedley's Sweetheart 25 to 1 agat Mr. Gratwicke's The Nigger—take n 25 to 1 agst Duke of Bedford's John o' Groat oe' 25 to 1 egst Lord W. Lennox's William the queror—taken to 501. • 1,000 to 40 agst Mr. Jaques's Mildew—taken Or 30 to 1 agst Lord Airlie's Clincher—taken to and afterwards offered 32 to 1 agst Lord Airlie's Deicoon—taken to 1 54 40 to 1 agst Mr. Ililt's Pitsford—taken to 201. si / 40 to 1 agst Mr.Bowes's Bro. to Epirote—taken to 45 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's Mayors—taken ~e 0 1,000 to 15 agst Lord Palmerston's Yew Tree —t" to ol 1,000 to 25 agst Bolingbroke winning the Derby, Beehunter the St. Leger—taken 500 even on the field agat the following lot--P ° 4 oll broke, Ghillie Callum, Knignt of Avenel, Italian, Cir Swei theart, Mildew, Voltigeur, and The Nigger. , t he In most of the above quota ti ons we h ave i n dicate , ' eo . amounts to which the odds were taken; we s hould W r y tion, however, that 1,000 t o 40 a n d 45 arts luid to nes lo 2001 agst Cyprus; 3,300 to 100 agst Brother to EPi r° ot and 1,000 to 30 two or three times, and 1,000 to 25 S i in Mayors; the last bet laid agst the Ltter being 45 to ponies. too Mr. Atteready is about to via't the west of Eng— the nno He ha* bei,n uutie. d to appear three rigilt4 l iar of Ex•ter Theatre, which h.s been Named to Mz. Dar Netvebstle on-T.ne. BIRTHS. ilyffP On the 22d ult. ,at Charlton, near Dover, the wife 0. - Spear, of a daughter. grbi tel On the 30th ult., at Clapham-park, Mrs. J. Bazley • jun., of a son. l e Of On the 30th ult., at Ston e h ouse , Gl ouces t ers hire, the 1/1 W. Davies, aq. of a daughter. a lt •, In Halley-st ree t, C aven di s h- square , on th e 50th u.'' wife of W. H. Mortimer, Esq , ot a daughter. , lit ue On the 30th ult., at Chigwell• row, Essex, Mrs. ;°,/ , of a son. , r 01 On the Ist inst., in Charles-square, Mrs. James VIM ' a daughter, MARRIED. CO ..ren On the Ist inst , at the parish church of St. -DsZ a ref' Jewry, London, Mr. Robert W. Fuller, of Croydon, '''-040° to Sarah, only daughter of John Jar is, Esq., of place. a ck ll : On the let inst., at Upper Deal Church, Julius Er-ftgrP- Backhouse, C. 8., eighth son of the late Rev. Jolai Backhouse. to Ilarriett, third daughter of Lieut e°A " Batt, R ,yal Navy. DIED. On the 29th ult., at the Vicarage, Hatfield Peverell, PleP the Rev. Sir Coventry Payne, Bart., aged 54. „ a r e4' On the 29th ult , at Torquay, the Rev. Martin J."%i i fre,', dent curate of Illidworl, near Mansfield, Isrottingha lii 'dle i On the 22th ult., iu Great Portland-str et, Ca‘'e square, Elizabeth Kirton, aged ..8. 10 noon' 4 On the 30th ult., in Brompton-creseent, Thomas ''''',, e ti Esq , Inspec:or-General, Army Medical Department, ab-fits” On the 30th ult., Caroline Jane, wife of John MurraY, of Parliament -street. AO On the 29th ult., at fit. Mary's.road, Pecklisnlf ti )/ Ann, the wile of J. Vaughan, Esq , aged 45. et b ' On the 29th ult., at Br;gliton, aged 7.7, Elia lib alf widow of the late W. Cuthbert:3;m, Esq. ...„0-- Ott the 29th ult., Mr. Thomas Ph llips,of Dovinll3 P" „, :slington, age 1 Will i On the 30th ult., in Upper Brook-street. aged 42. focl T. Redmayne, Esq., only son of Leonard Redntyn e ' e j and a Deputy Lieutenant of th county of Lancast,rii, ag t , On the 30th ult., at Chelsea, Charles Angelo Nattl .s tre e 17, eldest sou of the late Mr. .N.atali, Covent•garien. fo(1 4 On the Ist inst., Ann, the wife of J. Burton , h, Ampton.s reet, Regent-square, aged 5f5. , r elo",, On Ate Ist jest ,at •-iG, Ludgate-hill, Mr. S. i-' 3r-3 • i. .-------- -- Of .' Ol.i. i 1 t London: Printed and Published by MURDO ' so. 4 ; No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sax Office , co ol Strand, in the Precit. , st of the Sevev. in th e Middlesez, Tuesday, December 4, 1849. of Bedforc, of ies of :is in 1849, 0: