The Sun. — London, England, 1824-06-23 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS. DAILY Extracts front the Morning Papers, June 24 [NLIV TIMM . ) The news received yesterday from Mexico by way of New Yorla is, to use a favourite phrase of 3tassachui;3ets, important—if true. For our part, we candidly confess we very much doubt its truth ; yet it is not unworthy of notice. The substance of they statement is, that the Mexican Congress, avowing themselves incompetent to govern the new Republic, have determined to ,71:oose a Dictator—that is to say, the very men who deposed Iturbide as Emperor merely to establish a free Government, have within a few months surrendered their liberty to some un earned Chieftain, with only a slight variation of title ! One reason for our doubting this strange news is, that the project is stated to have been unanimousry recommended by a Committee of Congress, and adopted by a majority of that body early in April. Now advices have been received from the Mexican capital to the 15th of April, and from Jalapa to the 19th, which mention no thing whatever of this extraordinary revolution. Iturhicle's movements appear to have been cau tiously watched by the governing party in Mexico : and they have published an ac count (true or false) of his communications with King Ferdinand. According to this state ment Iturbide, even while on the throne of Mexico, was acting with a view to preserve the sovereignty of that country for a Spanish Prince. It would be difficult to think him sincere if he were to put forth such a statement ; but we can easily believe that he is now engaged in such an under taking. Buonaparte's conduct sheaved that a deposed Emperor can solicit to he employed even as a mere General ; but that an Emperor on his throne should employ himself in working to place another Prince over his head is not very natural. We are sorry to see, from the Jamaica Papers, that the new Republic of Colombia is already setting up pretensions to exclude us from the Mosquito shore, to whiCh we have something like a claim of sovereignty ; since the natives, who never submitted to the Spaniards, formerly placed themselves under the protection of England. It is a very early symptom of ambition in Colombia to set up such an extravagant Pretension! [MORNING CHRONICLE.] The-following Letter was recently addressed by the French Consul at Bahia, to the President at the head of the Government in that place, and its contents convey a partial idea of the po licy at present pursued by the Bourbons with re gard to Brasil : " PaEslDEsT—The people of Brazil are endowed with a remarkable intelligence and wainith of imagination, but these qualities, so valuable in themselves, require the aid of a good education, in order to favour their direction and de velopment. " The existing political circumstances, and the want of suit able national establishments, force young Brazilians to seek, among the nations of Europe, that instruction w hi c h ages o f study leave accumulated there ; and in the mean while, and until the Brazilian Government has been able to adopt, with • regard to public education, institutions worthy of the people and itself, the Universities of England, Italy, and France, see the sons of Brazil come to swell the ranks of their scholars, ' and emulate them in their ardour for the sciences, the progress of which they arc afterwards called to extend on their return to their own beautiful country. " Among the latter, several within the last few years have repaired to France. The Government of the King, seconding tlle truly liberal intentions of his Majesty, has seen, with the gr?.atest satisfaction, this inclination on the part of Brazilian tethers to send their children in search of instruction to the academies established in the provinces of France, of which several, such as those of Provence and Languedoc, add to their estimable plan of instruction the advantage of a climate more analogous to that of Brazil. " It is, therefore, with the most lively satisfaction that I have the honour to announce to your Excellency, that,. in order to facilitate to such young Brazilians, destined to perform their studies in France, the means of conveying themselves thither with economy and security, the Commanders of the vessels of his Most Christian Majesty who touch in here on their way to France, are authorised to receive them on board. I venture to flatter myself that your Excellency will find in this communication a fresh proof of the true sentiments with wh;ch the Government of France is animated towards that of Brazil. "I have the honour to he, &c. GUINEBAUD, Consul of France. " Consulate of France at Bahia, March 12, 1824." [THE TIMES.] The Mexican intelligence of this day excites a more than ordinary interest. That a crisis of gle,lt anxiety and urgency has arisen in the affairs of that infant State, we may suspect from the re markable cilcumstance affirmed in the Yew fork Papers, of a " Supreme Directorship," amount ing almost to a Dictatorhip, having been unani mously recommended by a Select Committee of the Congress, and afterwards agreed upon by a majority of the entire body. Supposiug this ac count to be a true one, the dangerous condition of the country is not the only inference to be de dueed from it, but a more important conclusion still—namely, the existence of so much sagacity in the Congress, as enabled them fully to discern the danger, with a fund of probity and energy sufficient to provide against it the most effectual safeguards. No individual is specified as the person to he clothed with the trust of Supreme Magistrate ; but it will be seen, from one of our, private letters, that General Bravo, the first form.; t i onar y of the Executive Government, had arrived in Mexico about the date assigned to the above measures of the Congress, and that great public confidence had already resulted from his active proceedings and his high reputation. The sin gular, though not incredible part of these state ments, however, is, that Iturbide turns out to h e what many people have suspected—a treacherous engine of the Bourbons, for the subjugation of his countrymen. A letter of Iturbide, the ex- Emperor, r to Ferdinand, the ex-K ing of that quondam Spanish province, was, it seems from a Mexican publication of the 10th of April, dis covered and copied at Madrid, by a friend to the cause of America; wherein Iturbide is made to acknowledge chat he had studiously directed all his measures to the object of preserving Mexico to Spain,—that is, we take for granted, after he found it no longer tenablenn his• • own account ; and that be had abstained from capturing the Castle of St. John of Ulloa, that it might serve as a point d'appui for the Spaniards. There may lie truth in t h es e confessions; but whether Iturbide be a , tre bl e or only a double traitor, is perhaps of little consequence to any other than to himself and his Bourbon Allies. II; d esigns appear to notoriety in Mexico be matters of w h ere on the 4th of April a conspiracy in favour of this ad venturer was crushed, and the leader of it seized and beheaded. From the precautions which are represented to have been every where had re course to on the part of the existing Govern ment, some hope is entertained that the object of his expedition may be defeated. Whatever schemes may be projected by the Holy Alliance against the freedom of Mexico, or that of South America in general, a strong suspicion prevails across the Atlantic, that the English Ministers stand by no means clear from the guilt of secretly , participating in them. The neutrality of Eng land is declared, and by men of eminence and authority in the United States, to be no more than an artful screen for her determined hostility to the cause of American independence. [BRITISH PRESS.] The intelligence from Mexico, received yes terday, represents the state of that country as very unsettl'•d. As a remedy for the want of energy in the Government, the dangerous expe dient of a Dictator has been adopted. We fear, however, that such an authority was necessary, as we observe that the Committee, by which it was recommended, were unanimous in their re port, which was immediately approved by a majority of the Congress. W e notice also, that no period is fixed for the duration of the office. Probably it is intended to continue it till the country is tranquillized and consoli dated. May the Mexicans not again suffer by reposing their confidence in another military adventurer ! We are glad to find that they are fully apprised of the movements of Iturbide,and prepared vigorously to resist them. It would appear, from their representations, that his de parture is concerted with Ferdinand against the independence of Mexico. These imputations will not easily be credited on such grounds as they rest at present. An act of outlawry was unanimously passed against Iturbide and his ad herents. The promptitude of the Mexican Go vernment will, we trust, enable it to seize him on his landing, and thus at once crush his enterprise. The Congress have settled the tariff. It will be found in their proceedings, and must prove of great interest to the •commercial world. [MORNING HERALD.] Sunday's Paris Papers arrived late last night. The French Ministry has been a second time left in a minority in the Chamber of Peers. The question was scarcely of a political nature. It was a proposition for permitting the proceedings in the Chambers to be reported in the Journals. But the fact of a majority against the Govern ment on any subject is not without importance. The partisans of the disgraced Minister Chateau briand almost exult In this event, and anticipate more serious defeats. Some new light is thrown upon the quarrel between M.M. Chateaubriand and Villele. They had long been disunited.— The former was labouring not merely in the Council to supplant the latter, but it is said joined in the Chamber of Peers, with M.M. Montmorency and Laine,ex-Minis ters, to form a party which should turn out M. Villele and make room for them. The speeches of Sir James Mackintosh and Mr. Canning, on the Petition of London for the independence of South America, are given in these papers as matters of curiosity and speculation. The Jour. nal des Debuts, an Ultra advocate for the subju gation of the new States, hints rather than asserts en i n fi n it e deal of meaning in certain sentences of Mr. Canning, which this Journal prints and points in Italics. The Courier Francais a ,Jour nal of the Liberal party, has been, now a second r its 4 g general time, brought before the tribunals fo spirit." Such is the law of France, as lately enacted, that the spirit of a Journal, though no one sentence or phrase be pointed out as a spe cific libel, may subject it to the punishment of suspension or suppression. The punishment prayed for in this instance is three months sus pension of the Journal. [MORNING POST.] We yesterday had the satisfaction of directing public attention to the Bills brought into Parlia ment by Mr. Berries, on the preceding night, for the Consolidation of the Custom and Excise Laws, and the regulation of trade and other matters connected with the commerce of the country. More important measures to the com mercial Interests of the country, in our opinion, never were submitted to Parliament. It is ob vious that, with a view to the success of indivi dual enterprise and the prosperity of the coun try, a merchant should be able to see his course clearly, and occupying himself only with the natural probabilities of his speculations, feel no doubt, experienc e no embarrassment, respecting the nature and effects of those do mestic laws by which his business is to be go. verned. This, however, could not be the case, so long as, from the multiplicity as well as com plexity of the enactments relative to trade, it was impossible for a man to know himself, or with certainty to be informed by others, whether or not in the honest pursuit of self-interest and na tional welfare, he was transgressing one or more of several hundred obsolete Statutes. That much had been done before the present Bills were framed, is proved by the fact that the laws allud ed to were reduced from 2,000 to about 500! But what chance of safety remained, we ask, when the risks included in the ramifications of five hundred enactments were to be encountered ? —What confidence in the result of his own foresight could any merchant indulge when cotnpelled to walk over such fearful foot ing ? Need we add too, that the destruction of mind thus produced must have paralyzed more , every bold exert i on or less and, even where no actual loss was incurred, have diminished the gain which would otherwise have been realized. The casualties of land and sea, of circumstances and seasons—of political and natural events, are, Heaven kuowns, quite enough to disturb the order of speculation, without being subjected to the snares of five hundred in congruous laws besides. We know ourselves, fro m good authority, that some of the first hous es in Englaud have incurred the confiscation o f' property to a considerable amount, although, owing to the clemency of the Treasury, it may not ultimately have been forfeited, by uncon sciously violating a law only understood to exist when its penalties were threatened to be en forced. We cannot therefore applaud in terms sufficiently strong the wisdom pf the Bills intro. duced by Mr. Herries. To render them perfect, it will only be requisit e to enact that they con tain all the laws upon the subjects in question, in order that subsequently no perchance excluded provision of an irrelevant statute may be raked up to thwart the present object of the Legislature. But as Ministers have undertaken the task in the spirit which we see, it may he safely concluded that nothing will be left undone. Indeed, as we shall soon take an opportunity of illustrating, the whole of this Session has exemplified a zeal and practical success on the part of Government to perfect the laws and institutions of the realm, which has given the greatest satisfaction to ell classes of his Majesty's subjects. We may say in a word, that the history of man exhibits little or nothing like so faultless a system of civil po lity in all its relations as this Empire now pre sents. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. FRACAS AT THE SURREY THEATRE. Urr oNHALL.— Yesterday this - Office was crowded with Theatrical Gentlemen belonging to the establishment of the above Theatre, in consequence of a riot that took place the previous night on the stage, between the Proprietor and an emi nent Tragedian, who had been announced, in some of the penny pamphlets, to perform the character of Edward Morti mer, in the new piece, entitled " The Ranger of the Forest." Mr. Kemble and a Mr. Warner appeared as the defendants. Mr. W. Williams, the Proprietor of the Surrey, stated, that on the preceding evening, during the performance of The Banger qf the Forest, Mr. Kemble, who had recently belonged to his company, jumped from the pit across the orchestra on the stage, and there proceeded to harangue the audience, and create a disturbance, which he (Mr. lVil- Hams) was fearful at the time would have ended in the demoli tion of the whole interior of the house. During the disturbance, a Mr. Warner, who appeared to be the friend of Mr. Kemble, stood up on the seats in the pit, and by his language and ges tures did every thing in his power to excite the audience to acts of disorder. Mr. Williams added, that he was under the necessity of ejecting Mr. Kemble from the stage back into the orchestra. As for Mr. Warner, he said, that gentleman, he had every reason to believe, was the instigator of the whole proceedings, and he was persuaded that a party was formed to kick up a row, and do every thing they could against the inte rests of the theatre. Mr. CHAMBERS inquired whether Mr. Kemble still be longed to the company, and whether it was a fact that he was announced to play there that night ? Mr. Williams declared it was no such thing, and added, that that gentleman's engagement had expired some time since. Mr. CHAMBERS then asked Al r. Kemble what business he had to jump upon the stage, and act in the manner described ? Mr. Kenibie replied, that he had witnesses to prove that the riot commenced in consequence of his having been announced in the bills to perform a character in one of. the pieces. He happened to be in the pit when the play alluded to commenced, and immediately ()lithe appearance of another performer, who was substituted in his stead, a scene of uproar and confusion ensued, when lie (Mr. Kemble) was loudly called fOr from all parts of the house. Under these circumstances, and at the de sire of the whole house, he admitted that he crossed over to the stage, not for the purpose of exciting a disturbance, as had been stated, but for the purpose of addressing the audi ence, and informing them the reason that he did not appear before them in the part he was announced to perform in. At the moment he was about to address the audience, Mr. Wil liams ran out on the stage, and coming behind him (Mr. K.) as he stood near the foot lights, gave him a violent push, knocked him into the orchestra, and had it not been fortunately " that he came down" on a kettle-drum, which broke his fall, he was certain some of his bones would have been broken. These, Mr. Kemble declared, were the real facts of the case. Mr. Williams said, that he waft convinced M. Kemble and Mr. Warner came to the house with the intention of " raising a row," and that was the object of their being in the pit, ready at the moment to cross the stage. Mr. Auld, the stage manager here stated, that, while the above circumstances were passing on the stage, Mr. Warner stood on the benches of the pit, waving his hat, and exciting the audience by caking out, 47 Go it ; that's right, my b o y s , pull down the house." Mr. Warner denied that he went to the Theatre for the pur pose of engaging in any disturbance ; he went there to_ see Mr. Kemble, who was announced in the bills, and he could not help expressing his dissatisfaction, as well as the rest of the audience, when he saw that character was put into the hands of another performer. The Magistrate observed, that enough had been stated to authorize him to call upon both defendants to put in bail. Mr. Williams said, that lie would be perfectly satisfied if Mr. Kemble would enter into his own recognizances to keep the peace. Kemble was accordingly bound in his own recognizances, and Mr. Warner in two securities of 501. each, to keep the peace. We arc informed, by an arrival from Trinidad, that the inhabitants had determined to petition the Governor to suspend the promulgation of the new Order in Council. A meeting for that purpose was to be held on Friday, the 11th of ay.—(Barbadoes Paper.) COURSE, OF EXCHANGE, June 22. ?,instei dant Ditto, at Night Rotterdam Antwerp l2 5 Hamburg Altona Paris, 3 i)ay's sight 25 50 0 Us. Ditto Boni - deatix, dil to Berlin 7 10 Frilnk fort on the Main Peteisburgli . 9 Vienna lO 7 Trieste lO 7 Nladria Cadiz Rilboa Barcelona Seville Gibraßat Leghorn Gel..•a ...... '44 -Venice, Ital. Liv. 9.7 0 Nlaitit --Naples 3B Palermo Lisbon Oporto Itio.latteiro Bahia .................................. •• 50 1 / 1 11)1 . 111 ........ Coil; DA vet Cent. 35A Effective -354 Effective 35; 351 3ot BULLION. Portu;al Gol(1,i u Coin -- Foreign Gold, in Bars New 1)0111)loons ......... New D011ar5..... Silver in Bars, Standard..,,, ..L.O 0 0 pr.4oc 3 17 6 ... 3 14 0 0 4 OPI ••• .0 4 114 Surrey, Mary, the wife of Phili p A lex BIRTH. On Monday, the 2lst inst. , at Durham Cottage, Prince, Esq., of a daughter. gr MARRIED. On the Bth inst., at S t. Nicholas churc h, Bristol, by the Rev. T. Eden, to Mary, only da ug h ter of Peter the Rev. Th omas Greo , Mage, Esq., o f Bownham Lodge, Somerset. At St. Andrew's church, H o lborn, on the 22d inst., J osep h Dixon, Esq., of Ilatton-garden, to Louisa, youngest daughter of Robert Patten, Esq., of th e tame place. DIED. At sea, on the 3d Inst., in his 29th year, on his return from Madeira, Thomas Martineau, Esq., M.D. On Monday, the 14th inst., at Devonport, aged 39, Robert Mill s , Esq., purser in the Royal Navy. On the 22d inst., in Hill -street, George Stone, Esq., in his 80th year. suddenly, yes t er d ay morning, at her house in Montague street, Portman-square, Mrs. Eleanor Bettisworth, aged 53. . On the 21st at his house In Park-street, Park-lane, James Peter Auriol, E sq. Tuxford, Nottinghamshire, th e R ev. George Waddington, vicar of th a t pl a ce, aged 10' On Saturday last, at FOR THE SUN. FOR THE CONSIDERATION OF POLITICAL ECONOIIIISTS. MR. EDITOR—My father has frequently stated his conviction, that the world had attained a point in civilization, where an important change in the institutions of society was equally de sirable and inevitable. A principal reason for this belief he has, i❑ general terms, stated to be deduceable from the progress of scientific im provements, and, as it appears to me, with much reason. If the following considerations on this important subject, which my father's nume rous engagements prevent him from explaining to the public as fully as he wishes, should place the matter in a novel or striking point of view before any of your Readers, I shall have attain ed the object which induced me to commit them to paper. Let us suppose a country, the inhabitants of which existed, in tolerable comfort, by the pro duce of their own unassisted labour, to have dis covered a nation of slaves, who existed in full health and vigour without eating or drinking, or sleeping ; the end and aim of whose being was labour; who would work for any length of time, even at the most monotonous and disagreeable oc cupations, without becoming either impatient or fatigued ; who always performed the allotted task with unwearied punctuality and undeviat ing, steady uniformity and exactness, day by day, and week by week, and year by year, yet without promise of hire or expectation of reward, whose united efforts produced a gigantic and overwhelm ing power, yet one which was never exert ed but in their master's service and at his command, and which never injured him in any way but by the effect of accident only ; amongst whom no combinations against their master could be formed, no opposition to his wishes be ever shewn, nor his right of uncontrouled direction and absolute government be ever doubted or questioned ; with whom a touch was sufficient to express his wishes, and to insure their fulfilment; for whom no treatment was cruel, nor any de mands on their exertions unjust or exorbitant ; whose incidental infirmities could be easily and certainly cured, and whose bodies, when at last wor❑ out by age and incessant labour their powers began to fail, might be taken for any pur pose to which the materials which composed them were applicable ; yet, withal, a race sus ceptible of infinite and increasing improvement, without prejudices, and capable of being m ou ld e d to any character which their master required them to assume. Suppose, too, that millions of these slaves could be imported annually by the nation which had discovered them. Then, let me ask, what would be the effect of such an importation I Would the discovery, in itself, be a fortunate or an unfortunate one ? I reply, it would be a most fortunate and va luable discovery in itself ; yet capable, without a corresponding change in the institutions of the nation, of producing infinite misery and mischief. in this way.—The present institutions of all ci vilized nations render each member of the working classes dependent for subsistence on the demand is the market for the articles, in the produce of which he may happen to be employed. What ever, therefore, diminishes the market demand, creates misery in the same proportion. Now the influence which the importation of such slaves would produce is two-fold. Those who employ the working classes, and, by their labour, supply the market, would find themselves called upon to choose between them and the newly-imported workmen. Can we doubt what the decision must be ? Is not the answer, which they, as men of business, must make to any of their former servants, who might remonstrate against a decision in favour of the sl aves , ev id ent and conclusive : " Can you exist without eating, 4 ' or drinking, or sleeping? Will you work with " out wages, and never exhibit a sign of itnpa " tierce or fatigue, however long we may wish " to employ you ? Will you never complain of CO cruelty or injustice, in whatever manner you " may be treated ? Even then you are inferior, ‘C as work-people, to this new race. How can we 44 be assured that you will form no combinations ‘C against us to our injury, that you will never 4 C oppose our wishes, never dispute our authority, 44 or question our right of government ? How can " we be assured, in fine, that you will give up " your wishes, your feelings, your prejudices and 44 your interests, and become our willing slaves "as this invaluable nation. is ? If these things " are so, how can you expect to be preferred, as " workmen, to them ? As superintendents, we " are willing and desirous to employ some of 44 you, but in any other capacity your labour is 4 ' now useless to us." Thus, then, would the newly-imported slaves become the work-people of the nation who im ported them ; and the two-fold influence of their importation would consist, Ist, In a vast increase of market produce, and, 2dly, In a diminished necessity for the labour of the working classes. Now, certainly, in themselves, these effects are not calculated to produce much misery. To have too much of every thing that is desirable, and too little to do in obtaining it, if it be a misfortune, is one, at least, of which the working classes seldom complain, and one which does not seem neces. sarik allied to penury and starvation. Yet, as suredly, in countries where the market demand regulates the employment, and consequently the food which the labourer can obtain, superfluity of the objects of desire, and increased facility in producing them, do prove positive and lamentable evils. In a nation, therefore,, whose commercial at rangements were similar to ours, the importation of a multitude of slaves, possessed of the quali ties I have enumerated, would be calculated, by affording extreme facility of production and in creasing its wealth proportionably, to glut its markets, and to deprive its labourers of employ ment and of food, because they were producing too much of every thing. Now, I believe that a state of things, in which an increase of wealth creates poverty, and in which the facility of producing the means of sub. sistence exposes to starvation, cannot long continue in any nation. And this I believe to be the present state of things in Great Britain and Ireland. Great Britain has discovered an innumerable nation of mechanical and chemical slaves ; and they are beginning to produce almost every thing she requires. Her working classes have become superintendants of mechanism, and her real wealth is increasing to an enormous extent. If power and wealth constitute prosperity, her scientific discoveries have made her prosper ous indeed. But if the effect of prosperity be to produce comfort and happiness, then has Great Britain's commercial system of arrange ments (formed in a period of comparative adver sity, when an increase of production was the greatest blessing, and a famine the greatest evil that could befall), not only deprived her of all the benefits of prosperity, but turned a bless ing to a curse, and proved itself totally un adapted to the present state of knowledge and of scientific power. As long as the supply of our wants shall be made to depend on the artificial and fluctuating demand of the market, so long is prosperity a positive evil. If our storehouses were empty, and our markets ill supplied, then trade would flourish, employment would be pro cured, the workmen would receive high wages, and the very expenditure of these wages would serve to increase the general demand, and with it the means of future employment for their la bour—until, alas ! prosperity again approached us, until our storehouses became filled, and our markets overflowed—and then our farmers would begin to starve, and our manufacturers to be- , come bankrupt. Some new vent is, doubtless, occasionally found, either at home or abroad, producing a temporary relief from the evils of abundance, but part of the immense amount of spare capital which at present inundates this country, is instantly employed to supply each increasing demand, and the subsequent revulsion in the market is only the more quickly and pain fully felt. If some malevolent being were to afford us the means of increasing our production, instantaneous ly, tenfold, on condition that the present com mercial relation of demand and supply should re main unaltered, we should probably all die of want before the end of the year ; for the glut on the market would be insupportable, nothing, would sell for half its prime cost, and the nation , would become bankrupt. Surely we cannot long remain blind to the fact, that increasing prosperity is but increasing misery, so long as our commercial system retains its pre sent form ! Surely it need not continue to be a con dition of enjoyment, that the means of enjoyment shall not superabound ! Yet this condition, useless as it is at all,times, and ruinous, as it has proved itself, in proportion as we approach to abundance and prosperity, is• virtually imposed on the enjoyment of the world,. so long as men continue to buy and sell in the market against each other ; in other words, so long as the existing syst em o f i n di v id ua l commer cialcompetition exists. Could a malignant spirit the do things they of elude Chic world have impos e d a res t r i c ti on more ingeniously f raug ht rprilddly around we t mdaccumulateu s,the more with. destructive influence to soci e ty ? Th e more a all certainly god our grasp ! Was TANTALUS more severely punished than this ? And not to want and poverty alone are the effects of this individual competition confined. I, as a merchant, wish to buy cheap, and to sell dear : but all other merchants wish me to buy dear, and to sell cheap. Is not one man's hand against every man, and every man's hand against him ? Is it not a proof of the excellence of human nature that honest men should be found in a so ciety with Institutions such as this ? If wealth, and honesty, and benevolence, and union, are desirable to be attained, do we act wisely in surrounding ourselves by circumstances so pregnant with poverty, and dishonesty, and. malevolence, and dissention ? Is it not possible to combine other circumstances, under which abundance shall be indeed a blessing, and where it shall become our apparent, as well as our real, interest, to practise honesty and benevolence to wards our fellow-creatures ? My father proposes to combine these circum stances in a community of persons, who shall, unite their interests, like one large family, and produce, in the first place for their own consump tion. They are thus entirely independent of any market, until their own wants are supplied, and scarcely any inconvenience can arise from excess of production, except that which results from want of storehouses. In such establishments, the detailed managements of which shall be shortly submitted to the public, the evident effect of each new importation of mechanical power is to diminish the necessity for labour on the part of the members, and thus to afford them a real and certain advantage. Mechanical inventions have hitherto been brought into competition with the working classes ; may they not now be brought to their assistance ? We have learnt how to create almost any amount of produce ; can we not form arrangements to distribute and to en joy it True It is, that the leisure time, which the cm,- ployment of mechanical power would thus gradu ally afford to all classes, might prod ace injurious consequences to those whose minds were unculti vated ; but this apparent disadvantage becomes where education is at-nhaedeg,raesaitteswtilol f bo b i l n es a s l i l ng ti s ie new establishments, e first and most important object of society. I am, Sir, Your obedient servant, ROBERT DALE OWEN. Nall Mall, Juno 22, 1824. We understand that a requisition is in course of signature to convene a public meeting in this place, to take into consideration the propriety of petitioning the King to acknowledge the indepen dence of those States of North and South Ameri ca which had established their independence.-- (Leeds Mercury.) Printed and Published for the PROPRIETORS, at the Sum- Orvicx, 112, Strand, by J. B. CAtt.s-.Tmits.