The Sun. — London, England, 1842-07-09 00:00:00

sie mould be an importation of salt meat and bacon which *would be a Feat relief to the working classes and the plmr, and this was the reason he supported the Right i 11,On. Baronet. In this measure the poor agricultural labourer would have a piece of bacon hanging up in his cottage to cheer him when he got home, while he now lived on potatoes and bread. He had no hesitation in saying that there was nothing which the country so is oh dreaded as the return to office of the Noble Lord we - had brought us to our present condition. With respect to the statement of the No bl e Lord (Lord Palmerston) whom he did not now see in his place, that the present Government desired Lord Auckland to con tinue Governor of India, he (Mr. Escott) believed there was not the slightest ground for the statement. He Made that statement not from authority exactly, but from all but authority, and he had every reason to rely On the statement which had been made to him. Other Members had cautioned and had advised the Right Hon. Gentleman at the head of the Government ; he would not presume either to caution or advise him, but having tne honour to sit in the same Parliament with the Right Hon. Gentleman, he would implore him, having settled the deranged finances of the country, to devise some Measure for comforting the sons and daughters of indus try, and for securing to them that reward to which they were entitled. Lord PALMERSTON said that he had been given to understand that, during his absence, the Hon. and -Learned Gentleman who had just sat down had stated that he contradicted from authority the statement which he (Lord Palmerston) had made the other evenins", that the late President of the Board of Control (Lord'Ellen borough) had, soon after his accession to office, written to Lord Auckland expressing a wish that he (Lord Auckland) should continue Governor-General of India. Had he been rightly informed ? Mr. ESCOTT--Not exactly. I did not say that I Made that statement from authority. Lord PALMERSTON—From all but authority. Mr. ESCOTT—I meant to say that I had reason to believe that such was the fact.; but what I stated was entirely on my own responsibility. Lord PALMERSTON said that there was then an equal necessity for him to explain to the House the ground s on which he had made that statement. That pound was an extract from a private letter, addressed B Y a member of Lord Auckland's family in India to another member of his Lordship's family residing in England, which letter was in his possession, and an ex extract from which he would read to the House.— (Hear, hear.) The letter was dated Calcutta, Novem ber 20, 1841, and after expressing regret that the last mail had not brought out the appointment of Lord A.tickland's successor, the writer proceeded to say, "In fact, it is lucky that Lord Auckland has sent home his positive resignation, for Lord Ellenborough writes a Most friendly letter, wishing him very much to remain, and stating that he has no doubt but that they shall get on very well together."—(Cheers.) Mr. ESCOTT apprehended that that was no contra diction to his statement. (Cries of " Oh, oh," and l aughter.) Lord Ellenborough was not the Govern .blent.—(oll, oh, -and laughter.) Lord PALMERSTON—My statement was, that soon after the accession of the present Government to office the then President of the Board of Control had written to Lord Auckland, expressing a wish that he should con tinue in the Government of India, and those were the grounds on which he had made that statement. lit P. M. STEWART thanked his Hon. Friend (the Member for Greenock) for having brought forward his motion. The first five propositions of the Government Were undenied and undeniable.—(Hear, hear.) The in terests of the country had never been in such a distressed l e as at thi s momen t. F rom S co tl an d, E ng l an d, Wales, and Ireland, one note of destitution had been btent up to the House, and not a single statement had een made to meet it. He had that night presented a sinificant petition to the House. It was from 1,600 iPwrights a new class of complainants, showing how ~the ship-bu ilding trade might be improved by opening ' 4B timber-trade with all parts of the world. He depre -44 any disposition to discourage the practice of pri ate benevolence, for if it had not been fur that the s tate of R e f rews hir e and P a i s ley wo u ld have -en still worse than it was at present. For -a eteral weeks the people there had been entirely d ependent on privets benevolence for support. B Y, the motion of last night it was proposed to entrust ‘ ll ,_e keepi ng o f t h e corn c h est t o th e Ri g ht Honour -1144 Baronet, but Honourable Members would not rt'ust him with that power, lest it should be abused. certainly should divide with the Hon. Member for Greenock on his motion, though he feared no practical good 'would result from it. The ,question now was, W ther th e y s h ou ld rema i n th e r e u s e l ess ly discussing s 'te they should return to their respective homes, end take ''y_ their stations as members of the suffering communi ties of which they were the representatives, a& leave to he Government the awful responsibility of their own Me asures. tt .:Lord CLEMENTS bad not intended to take part in ~.(ts discussion ; but he wished the House not to be led nt o error respecting the distress existing in Ireland, which he could assure Hon. Members was such at it 4 ialpossible for one who had not witnessed it to con at i e t, . 14 r. BORTHWICK admitted the existence and extent , °f. the distress ; and as he intended to vote against the ,e4elutions of the Hon. Member for Greenock, be thought ,Z , right to state the grounds on which he would do so. Zttempts were made to excite popular indignation against try Pesent Administration for the distress of the count . 'but it ought to be recollected that there was great ;setil..eas when the Whigs were about to leave office, and e were no attempts used to raise up against I t .em, the fury a nd indignation of the people. to distress was so great as he was sorry to admit it u tt. s , it w as th e d uty o f t h e M em b ers o f th a t H ouse t o I pte for the purpose of ascertaining what remedy her coesty's Gov ernmen t ought to apply. He contended at the d eca y i n t h e manu f ac t ur i ng p ros p e rity of the f untry had been gradual an constant sufficient remedy that the real ;„ t he Corn-laws would not d afford a e C P the evil, while it would introduce the same distress 4 to the agricultural districts. If any Hon. Gentlemen eo uld prove to him that the distress would be removed by ) the repeal of the Corn-laws, he should have his sup port in any effort which he might make to obtain their - ePee% ARSLAND thought they had feliedTail el,lough upon t h e B r itish f a rmer, who had failed to sup ple'them with sufficient food. The disease had gone on Mild long for half measures to be effectual, and they s'uuld not afford to wait longer for a full and complete I :emedy. Th e di stress w hi c h ex i ste d t h roug h ou t th e wuntry could not be exaggerated, and the measures .;hich had been taken to relieve that distress had been alt aelly unsuccessful. The Corn-laws had indeed been th 'rsa• but the price of food had actually increased in i n :markets. The distress was not confined to the work sissses : those in the middle walk of life were equally - down by the pressure of the times, and yet fresh h as were being imposed, when a general alms-giving • been solicited for the relief of the suffering people. — ear, hear.) There was a crisis beyond which misery fee not be endured—(Hear,. hear)--to that crisis, he eared they were fast approaching.—(Hear, hear.) When tr : seventies of winter should add to their dis k) s , 4 es. they would find the people, who had drunk ✓ i3 ef the cup which still overflowed with misery, Pondered more terrible by the knowledge of their ti l r :'„r patience and endurance. lie would not deny t l . ll ey could put down any insurrection by means of e lr well trained soldiery ; but such acts might be at aded wi t h risk, and much blood would flow, which, he nti ld think, would form no subject for pleasure to ro set u t ont. Ann, and vet the Right Hon. Baronet seemed to 1 3 „, etnpl at ate such them not severities r fere her mercies, sever for it was a ities--call mercy to put such suf , b or r s out of their misery.—(Hear, hear.) In the Pr sent, of Stockport, which he had the honour to re ts:;ent, there were not half the rate payers that there nu t : a few years ago • their cottages and houses were itnd n amed ; half of their manufacturers were ruined, e nd. he fea re d t h at o thers were hastening to the same itis t ; They ask?. I not for charity, but they did ask for of ; and he trusted they would get it at the hands Governmen - . ti t? , I. * OULU) ERS confirmed the existing distress p i C,Pgbout the country, which was not confined to any th A "nnlai• localities, but was spread far and wide over etj,*hole country. He had endeavoured to trace the 14" of this distress to its source, and he could find I kea " other source but the high price of corn.—(Hear, t t ,P ) The Right Hon. Baronet at the head of her • " est Y's Government stated the other night, that he hZete d 1 , a plentiful harvest this year, because the two last thr"en scarce ones, and it was seldom that they had Chi l a c onsecutive bad harvests. This stateme nt he ( Mr. b e F e rs) did not think was a correct one , for it would le st ° f and, upon investigating the prices of corn for the der w e w Years, that they had already had four years 'of. I t 'tent ha rvests . H e mus t repeat his opinion that the: 'str e eo rn ss of the country was owing to the high price of and from a calculation which he had made he itis t - „:: ;flat if the price of wheat in 1841 had been 565. le tve 4 ,!' of 655. 4d., a sum of 14,000,000/. of money would spe nt ue en saved to the country, which would have been n ative and circulated amongst the tradesmen and ope thn of the kingdom. They had now an alteration in saft,,.°rn-law, and -to that alteration he objected as in that-Int during the long period that it was discussed in lia r - douse. Under the Corn Bill of the Right Hon. s su °net, corn would be poured into the country when it eoe, t a °t wanted, and when there was no corn in the Thi s r Y foreig n corn remained in bond.—(Hear, hear.) to % w ax the inevitable consequence of a sliding scale, (Il e „ great detriment of the agricultural interest. — °f hear.) He quite agreed with the observations the.,"" e Honourable Member for Evesham that tress sin to took to a remedy for this dis- Was the country. 5e was happy to say that there gre at ,_Probabilit of a gockl harvest. This would be a ste Qc nefit to „a of the country. L..l•.‘)oed that the price, in .l b een the case for re l ast r anging from 60s. to 645., as hae m ,°Ped ti f i °ll r years, would be low-during the N '",'nter. He was Right Hon. Baronet would see that thd time The ti r for great changes in our commercial system. i" - (lt ea , a ,was come wheu monopolies must be abolished, n . 41 to t i,„'"',?"%) With regard to the tariff, he felt grate , m ade, il'ught Hon. Baronet for the concessions therein • ~,, w `" Wa s as a great step towards Liberal principles. ll ous g ad the motion had been brought before the W as ri ' o , as it would show the country that Parliament not I t h il e n ,min.aul of the existing distress; but he was_ ther e couic itabit of voting for propositions from which 'sl4 t2se the 11 1 0_ practical result, and he must, therefore, ja r. m A his 11; 41 PHILIPS said that the statement made tem, /I. Friend the Member for Stockport was de g of the d e•-t_ses.oll4ll4l4e(P:tekr.ll°WenePest consideration of the House. Dis to prevail throughout the borough of It might be greater in the districts sur tirely 11 g. even than in Manchester,_ as they were en d- Pendent on the cotton trade. Not only was d i great with rap in the districts, but it was spreading tildes throughout the land. He was one of -.eat- s had for Yearia thought that the Corn-laws c~ were injurious to trade. In '1835 and 1836, N't h m there was a temporary prosperity, he then expressed his opinion that the Corn-laws were at work to the in jury of that .property.—(Hear.) What they wanted was employment for the people, and he never was spore convinced, than at the present time, that nothing could restore the °Amerce and prosperity of the country but the abolition of those laws. As a proof of the distress which now existed, he would read an extract from a re. port made by Mr. Muggeridge, or. emigration ; and he would call the particular attention of Hon. Members to it. It was dated the 20th July, 1836. It stated the total number of paupers transmitted to the manufacturing dis tricts for employment was 435 families, comprising 3,454 persons ; of these, 329 families, or 2,673 persons, ar rived at their destination ; 43 families refused to work . after employment had been found them. From Bedford shire there were 18 families ; from Buckinghamshire, 47 families ; Cambridgeshire, 5 families ; Dorsetshire, one family ; Essex 4 families ; Hampshire, 48, and Suffolk, 184 families, ail sent into the manufacturing districts. All these individuals were, at the present moment, starving without the means of being maintained. He would ask whether it was possible to raise, by private charity, even one day's wages of the whole manufactur ing population of this country? If any disturbance was to arise it would be impossible to make up even one single day's wage§ of the manufacturing people by pri vate subscription. Under these circumstances it be hoved them to look this distress fully and fairly in the face. He felt that nothing but a repeal of the Corn-laws would give employment to the population of this country. He had entertained that opinion when the question was neither popular with one party •in that House or popular with the other. When he had first a seat in 'that House he had said that the duty on corn ought to gradually de cline fur ten years, when the duty should cease altogether. He was then thought Quixotic by parties who now enter tained the same opinions on the subject which he did. He felt certain that the repeal of the Corn-laws would benefit every class and interest in this country, and none more so than the • agricultural interest itself. If there were not an improvement in the legislation of the coun try, such as might lead to an improvement in manufac tures, he was convinced that the whole bur then of the national debt must be borne by the land, until the over whelming distress of the people would bear down all the institutions of the country. Mr. R.YORKE said that there had been much contra diction on the subject of the distress of the country—one party declaring that it was general and grievous, and the other maintaining that it was partial and temporary. He thought inquiry in such circumstances most desir able, and he supported the motion. General JOHNSTON could not think it possible that the responsible Minister of the Crown could leave the people in their present distress without in quiry, or an attempt to relieve them. He could not undertake to point out a remedy, but something should be tried. The distress was not exaggerated, and it would be shortly more severe, for his experience as an agriculturist enabled him to say that the ensuing-harvest would not be an average one. He hoped that, before the close of this debate, the Minister of the day would hold out to the starving peo ple some better hopes for the future than could be found in any of the measures hitherto proposed. Mr. GRIMSDITCH denied that the repeal of the Corn-laws would afford a remedy for the distress which, he was sorry to say, was undeniable. For the last twenty years he had seen, with sorrow, the wages of the artisans in Lancashire taking a downward course. He attributed this distress to the improvement of ma chinery, by which human labour was displaced, and ho feared, whilst the introduction of machinery went on, no Corn-law regulation would prevent distress. There was already in this country sufficient machinery to supply with cotton goods the whole of this world and another as large.—(Hear, and a laugh.) Much had been said of the value of the American trade ; but was it not the fact that this country was a loser by that trade ? At the present moment America owed our manufacturers nearly 50,000.0001., which was an important item in the causes of our distress. He believed that a repeal of the Corn-laws, so far from relieving, would only aggravate the existing distress, inasmuch as such a step would bring ruin on our agricultural population ; and he be lieved that the number of labourers engaged in agricul tural pursuits was greatex.than the number of those who found employment from manufactures. He should give his decided vote against the motion of the Right Hon. Membrr for Greenock. Mr. LEADER did not wish to give a silent vote upon a subject so interesting to his constituents, and to the country at large, as the motion then before the. House. He was surprised at a good deal of what had fallen from the Hon. Member who had just sat down. The Hon. Member seemed te.. think that the evils under which the country suffered were mainly owing to ma chinery, and to the state of our relations with America. The Hon. Member, however, had also admitted that much of the existing distress irr!,i,lit be traced to the fact, that our production was so great that we had not markets enough to supply. Now he (Mr. Leader) believed that to that point the ques tion would really come. We had not markets enough, because the great ' , : -- article of corn, which was the 'main production of many other nations, could not be received here in exchange for our manufac tures. That was the main source of the distress which now pr,wailed roughout the country ; and that' system was the result t, 'lass legislation. The present Govern ment had held out magnificent promises for the relief of the country ; but how had those promise: been realised? The Government har' ...troduced an Income-tax, which, would be severely felt by our entire population ; and al though they had effected some improvements in the tariff, they had left materially untouched the principal articles of subsistence. The wishes of our working classes had been contemptuously overlooked by Minis ters, even when those wishes came recommended by three millions of signatures. Again, the Government had failed to place upon a better policy our commercial relations with other countries. The promised commer cial treaty with France had not only not been granted, but the French Government had, a few days age, imposed au additional duty upon one of the most important of our manufactures. While speaking upon the subject of our commercial relations with other countries, he wished to say a few words relative to the attack of the sleeping Member opposite (the Hon. Gentleman; a amattr j -, wns• - Ilt 'tCle moment asleep in his seat) upon the policy of the late Govern ment in India and in China. Now he would ask what would foreign Governments think of a Cabinet, a leading Member of which had thus denounced a policy which the Cabinet was determined to continue?—(Hear, hear.) In his (Mr. Leader's oelief ,the remedy for all the evils under which the country suffered • was to he found in making our tarit more liberal than it was at present, and in adopting, to the fullest extent, the principles of free trade.—(Hear, hear.) He was persuaded that un less they adopted such a course they would lose the markets which they now had, and as to those they had already lost, he. was afraid it would be impossible, under any system, to regain them. Looking to the present state of the country, he should say that he never expected an adequate remedy for that condition until the people at large were fully and fairly represented in Parliament. Mr. C. BULLER wished to discuss this question with out any reference to the party questions of the day, or any wish to impute all the blame of the present distress to the present Government. The policy of the late Go vernment with regard to China and Affghanistan had, been alluded to by the Noble Lord, as partly the cause of the present distress.. But. no one interest could be named that had been affected by this policy. The war in China had been undertaken with a view to restore the state of things that previously existed ; and in addition to this, the fact that the importation of tea had continued —that tea had even fallen in price since the com mencement of the war ; proved that it had caused no interruption of British commerce. The introduction of English goods into the countries watered by the Indus had increased since the invasion of Affghanistan, and the cultivation of tea had been, for the first time, established in India since the system of policy of the late Govern ment had been commenced. An impulse had been given to the whole commerce of India. No question ought to be so impartially approached ; there was a danger of raising unfounded hopes of relief ; ano ,ney might waken vain hopes as to the power of the Legis lature to afford relief. He considered the present period as a great crisis in the history of the country. The distress that prevailed presented different features to what had existed at former periods. In the first place it was more extensive—it extended from the cotton trade to the woollen and iron trades • it also prevailed to a great extent in the South of England, in such towns as Plymouth and Exeter. It had affected the Metropolis. Notwithstanding the brilliant appearance of the season, and the number of carriages that were to he seen in their public places, he believed that no season had had so lit tle effect on the revival of trade as the present. one. He might take as a criterion, the state of the bookielling business, which was in a state of unprece dented depression. The Right Hon. Baronet had used an unsound argument, when he referred to the increased import of cotton, and the activity of their manufac turers. This, he thought, was the most alarming fea ture of all. It proved that the manufacturers were re sorting to small profits on large quantities of goods, in order to make up for the decrease of profit on the annual amount of production. There never was a pe riod when the people were more ready to work. The cause of their distress was entirely the want of a market for their manufactures. And how could they raise a market for their produce ? The want of a market arose from their absurd system of commercial policy. They expected to be able to carry on a one sided trade. Let them resort to the principles of fair barter—let others gain by them, if they expected to gain by others. The object of legislation with regard to corn, was, in the beautiful language of the Paymaster of the Forces, to keep the country gentlemen in their present position. — (Hear , hear.) The introduction of the tariff was made in an admirable speech ; the prin ciples laid down in that speech were the consistent prin ciples of free trade ; but those principles wero most in • consistently carried out in the tariff. He believed i pat speech was made not only for that tariff, but for the future one. It seemed to him that the tariff was most ingeniously nontrived to steer clear of every one of the great articles used in the consumption of the people. (Hear.) He would mention the articles, to show that the people could derive no advantage from the altera tions. Nothing was done for sugar, bread, cheese, butter, malt, tea ; on coffee there was a reduction—he hoped the people would find it out— of 2d. a pound. On soap and candles there was no reduction; and in short, like all the reductions of the tariff together, there was no one groat article of consumption reduced in price. Even the reduction on meat was only made under the solemn assurance of the Right Hon. Baronet that ao meat could possibly be imported, and the reduc tion i n thi s ease would be perfectly useless. There was a second mnfle, in which it was said that the country might be relieved, 11,____Eimg1i, means of a wide spread system ofemigration. What hail P this pyerpment tlone in the way of promoting emigrattp4 y 40,0 R, TETE srx, meet had done less to promote emigration. Another mode which was suggested was the relaxation of the Poor-laws. The Government had very properly refused to accede to that suggestion, and turiethe country into a country of pauper s . Another mode by Which it was proposed to relieve the distress was the gleaming a mil lien of money ; that also had been refused. What remedy, then, had been devised for the distresses of the people ? Why, in point of fact, the Parliament would break • up without any practical remedy being adopted. The Right Honourable Baronet admitted that dis . tress existed at the time he came into power, but he then said that that distress was yielding to the acces sion of a Conservative Government. When that state . meet was refuted he still held out" hopes to the country of a revival of commerce and manufactures. In the sprirg the Right Hon. Baronet came down and confessed that his hopes had been disappointed. There was nothing but a general admission of distress ; nothing was pro pose& for its removal. The Right Hon. Baronet had complimented the people upon their patisnce—his eulogy was not more than was deserved ; but there was one thing which tended to infuriate the people, and that was the notion that their misfortunes arose, not from Provi dence, but from the selfishness of the Legislature. — (Hear, hear.) The impresion of the people was, that their distress arose not from the visitations of Providence, butrfrom the selfishness of those who were entrusted with Power. The people were beginning to think that it was better to fly to evils tbey knew not of than to endure those which they now experienced. Every day they were giving an argument to those who would shake the institutions of the country by their present legislation. He hoped there were some Hon. Gentlemen opposite, who would not be so bound by party interests but that they would yield to the cry of - distress. There was one at least, who would feel his responsibility at the present time—he alluded to the Right Hon. Baronet, the Mem- 1 ber for Tamworth. The Right Hon. Baronet might rely upon national feeling to elevate him above party considerations.—(Hear, hear.) He believed the Right Hon. Baronet had an anxious desire to use his power for the good of his country. He believed that his views were more enlightened than those which he professed ; but the great question was, whether the Right Hon. Ba ronet would use his power for the benefit of his country? , He knew not whether the Right Hon. Baronet would become the Minister of the nation,' or whether he would persevere in the miserable course which was consistent with the means by which his party obtained power, and be the agent of that destruction in which they threatened to involve the country. Mr. EWART contended that the rspeal of the Corn-laws was absolutely necessary to secure the peace and prosperity of the country. It would behove us to encourage free trade at this parti cular crisis with America. With respect to the present position of the Right Hon. Baronet, he thought that po sition was upon a sliding scale. The impetus which free trade had received frem the measures lately adopted by the Right Hon. Baronet, must go on-in .the course which he .had begun, and free trade must ultiniately prosper. If the change in the commercial code which was now sought by the people, was not in time granted to them, it would ha ultimately effected by political convulsions, in a manner which none would hare reason to regret more than Hon. Gentlemen opposite. Mr. COBI)EN, from the silence with which the state ments of the distress now prevalent in the country were received by the House, entertained very serious doubts as to Hon. Gentlemen believing the present condition of the country to be as wretched as it, really was. The government lent themselves to that persuasion. The Right Hon. Baronet did not himself sufficiently acknow ledge the existing distress. He had merely admitted the distress in the cotton manufacturing districts, which the Right Hon. Baronet seemed to attribute to the. in troduction of machinery. He (Mr. Cobden) denied that the introduction of machinery ever threw men out of employment. It was a fallacy to say that the introduc tion of machinery caused distress, by throwing men out of employment. Let them take the cotton trade as a proof of his doctrine. In the year 1767, when Ark wright perfected the spinning frame, there were no more than 13,000 persons employed in that trade in this coun try. At the present period the number employed amounted to 11- millions, There was an instance of an increase in the number of operatives employed in conse quence of the invention and application of machinery to manufactures. In agriculture there was no one case of great improvement in machinery, and yet an increased number of labourers was not employed in that occu pation. On the contrary, those labourers flocked into the towns where machinery was used for the purpose of obtaining employment. It was unworthy, then, in the . Prime Minister, to pander to the prejuices of the people, by thus attributing the distress to the use of machinery. He did not complain of the Hon. Member for Macclesfield propounding such doctrines, for, in doing so, he was but following his vo cation. Then they talked of over-production. Let them analyse what was meant by over-production. Why, it meant merely too much industry. There was a change to bring against a nation. But why did distress arise from over-production as it was called ? It was, because we lost sight of the science which taught the proper distribution of wealth—it was because they lost sight of the truth of pos:eiesal economy that their population was so wretched. All that he (Mr. Cobden) asked was, that they would give employ ment some way or other to the people. To return to the argument relative to machinery. Let them go to districts where machinery was not improved these 200 years—to the Midland Counties. He called on the Hon. _ Member fbr Nottinghamshire to tell them what was the condition of that county. There were there no improVe meets in machinery- e no steam—they had inventions of I 240 years ego, and y t what was the state of Notting- I hanishire ? The Right Hon. Baronet the Secretary for the Home Department had not attributed the distress in Paisley to the manufacture of stockings. But let them take Nottinghamshire, against which no such charge could be brought, where the plough now used was on the , model of that need by Cincinnatus, and yet in that dis trict the distress was appalling. In Hinckley, in Leices tershire, out of 1,500 stocking frames only twenty were employed. Before Parliament met again many - of our towns would be given over to pauperism, and their inhabitants must be fed from the poor=houses. The distress was eneral throughont the country. Let ee l s; in Staflbrdshire. Why there ne improvements in machinery had been iutroduced. In the works there the same description of wheel was now used as that in the time of the Pharoahs ; the wheel now used was the same as that used in the time of .Moses.— (Laughter.) Perhaps that was a state of things would satisfy the Hon. Member for Macclesfield, and yet there was no district in which the distress was more severe than in the Potteries of Staffordshire. Trade was there depressed, , and there was little or no de mand for the productions of the place. Let them next go to the mines and collieries in Staffordshire. Much improvement had not taken place in the ma chinery used in the coal mines, and yet at the present moment there were no less than 25,000 men wanting employment in the coal districts of Staffordshire. Go to the glass-blowing in Stourbridge and Warrington, and the distress is the same.—(Hear, hear.) The Right Hon. Baronet said " Hear, hear." Why then did the Right lion. Baronet pander to the vulgnr prejudices about machinery ? (Hear, hear.) He could tell him that the tail-end of his party had been lifted up upon that prejudice.—(Cheers.) lie knew men and women to be subsisting on boiled nettles.—(Kear, hear.) Nay, more, he knew that the putrid carcass of a cow was dug up in the neighbourhood of Bromley.—(oh, oh.) He understood by that groan that -t was not believed. He did not wonder at it.--(llear. hear.) But he wrote to a schoolmaster, a respectable man, whom he knew, to tell him if it was true, and he desired him to have it attested by others. Now he had that document in his possession. —(Hear. hear.) And such was the effluvia that a part of the carcass had to be re-buried.—(ilear.) In Akington also a dead calf was dug up by the people.— (Hear, hear.) They did not believe these things. It they did, could they sit there without applying a remedy: —(Cheers.) Yes, the people of England, to their credit, would rather subsist on such food than deprive them selves of their liberty by going into the poor-house.— (Cheers.) He did not want to introduce the Corn-laws into the debate if they gave him a better remedy.— (Hear, hear.) The Noble Lord, the Member for Lanca shire, ought to have some sympathy for the place he re presented. But what did he say last night? He said that America sent over two millions of goods more than she took back. Did America then send over 2,000,0001. worth of goods without getting anything back? The Noble Lord ought to know that 1 foreign trade consisted in nothing but barter.—(Hear, - hear.) He was often surprised at the ignorance dis- 1 played by the Noble Lord on practical subjects.—(A ' laugh.) . PosSessed of a clear and vigorous intellect, he was bound to make himself better acquainted with sub jects of a practical nature, which, however distasteful, Noble Lords and Hon. Gentlemen of a certain education must learn, because such were the subjects that must now come before them.—(Hear, hear.) But on such subjects -the Noble Lord was profoundly ignorant. — (Laughter)--and he could not but think the Right Hon. Baronet exercised a sound discretion in speaking for him on stch subjects.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) But he believed if the Corn-laws were repealed that the same post which would convey the intelligence would give revived energy to the sinking trade.—(Hear, hear.) He knew of no other means by which it could be done. What happened a few days ago in Stockport ? The distress was so extensive and alarming that the Mayor said he would not be responsible fur the consequence.— (Hear, hear.) He did not mean to say the masses would pull down their palaces, but they were drifting on to confusion without rudder or compass.—(Loud cheers.) They may talk of the military, but the military would not avail them.—(Hear, hear.) Would they put an end to the distress. ?—(Hear, hear.) What could they do for the poorer inhabitants of Stockport ? The military would not avail them.—(Hear, hear, hear.) The people would not break out unless they were actually starving —unless the poor-rates failed them.—(Hear, hear:) He did not wish that anything should be misconstrued. But if they perished, their deaths would be at I the door of the Government. Englishmen ought not be allowed to starve, and they would not suffer themselves to starve.—(Hear, hear.) At the close of the Session Hon. Members opposite might go to the Con tinent and to the rural districts, but what were they going to do with them ?-4Hear, hear, hear.) They must answer that question.—(Cheers.) The people of Stockport came to them with clean hands. Mr. Twisel ton, the Assistant. Poor-law Commissioner, spoke of the people there in high terms for their willingness to work and their unwillingnesS to have paupers amongst them. --(Hear, hear.) They wanted not charity nor an alteration of the Poor-law—(Hear, hear.)—but they wanted the means to obtain work.—(Hear, hear.) They wanted to be allowed to live by their industrious hands. --(Hear.) They wanted to be left alone.—(Cheers.) Whatever befell them lay at the door of the Government and of that House.—(Hear, hear,) Finding They could not obtain employment at home ; the best workmen were going abroad, and leaving the worst behind them. Tii7 wore 04 to the western countries to work the machinery and coal mines of America, where bituminous coal was to be got, for he saw it himself, for ld. a bushel. They were not going by tens and bundredieto teach others ' but they were going in thousands tolive.—(Chedrs.) They were sowing seeds broad cast - 'over, the great Western continent which would groW up a better crop.—:(Loud Cheers.) There was nothing like it since the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and the dispersion of artists by the Duke of Alva froin Belgium.—(Clieers.)• For himself he did not look at this question with party views. When he came into that House he looked at the Noble Lord the Mem ber for London as the leader of the Liberal party, but he was as little disposed to join him as the Right Hon. Baronet when he did net" take the right course.— (Hear, hear.) He believed he voted againsehim four out of five times. Therefore, he had no party4pirit in the matter, but he insisted on some measures, and he would take advantag e o f a ll the fornis of the House to get relief. He confessed he did not think any rational man ought to envy the positiood the Right Hon. Baro net.—(Hear.) He gave him credit for the difficulties with which he. was surrounded.—(Hear. hear.) He made no opposition to 'him , us an individual—(Hear, hear)—but again he said this question must be met with out quibbling-about machinery, and something must be done before they separated this session. —(Loud cheers.) Mr. FERRAND was surprised that the Hon. Member for Greenock had brought forward the present motion, as nothing could result from it but a grant of money. The shopkeeper would tell them that the cause of the distress was the truck system and the fraud in manufactures ; which fraud had been carried to such an extent, that the London shopkeepers did not dare to admit to their cus tomers that they procured their goods from Manchester. —(A laugh.) The manufaCturers should recollect that their best market was in the agricultural districts. An other `cause of the distress was that capital alone was protected, and labour starved. The working classes asked for protection for their labour. It was the duty of GoVernment to legislate so that every man should be protected, and no Government could long hold the reins of power which did not make protection the -polar star of its legislation. Ali:. VILLIERS in listening to all that had fallen from the Hon. Member for Macclesfield, and the Hon. Member for Knaresborough, had only heard what had already been said by those who had preceded them, by the Ministers of the Crown on a former evening, and those were the only reasons that had been given for re fusing to take into consideration the cause of the dis tresses of the country. He hoped the people would read those speeches, and remember that those were the only reasons that had been given for the shtitting the door of the House in their faces; and refusing any inquiry into their distresses. The Hon. Member for Stockport had said that, from the apathy exhibited by the Government and by lion. Gentlemen opposite, he did.not believe that they thought that distress was really existing, which, in words, they seemed inclined to admit. He differed in opinion on that point from his Honourable Friend. He thought they were perfectly aware and believed in the existence of the distress, but they also believed that the people would be quiet—that they had no reason to be afraid—(Cheers)—and on that ground alone they acted.—(Cheers.) The only question they asked was, Are the people qUiet ? (Cheering- and counter-cheering.) God grant they might continue quiet—(Cheers)—brit the House should recollect that there• was a point beyond which human endurance could not go—(Cheers)—and every hour brought fresh accounts from the country calculated to create 'the deepest alarm.—(llear, hear.) If the present motion had no other merit, it had at least-lifforded an opportunity to the Government—had callea upon it to state its views as to the present condition of the people, what was its opinion as to the causes of the distress under which the people were suffering, and what were the prospects of the future. It was the duty of a Government to state its opinions on these subjects, either to afford relief, or to state at once that it could not do so. Now he would ask if any thing had fallen from any Minister of the CroWn, which ought to satisfy the people that ther condition was in evitable?—(Hear, hear.) Would what had been stated by the Ministers satisfy the people ? Would they be satisfied with a few phrases of sympathy—(Cheers) —and a cowardly sneer at machinery—(Loud cheers)—without the boldness openly to denounce it?—(Continued cheer.) Then they were told of over-production, which meant simply that the people .wore • too badly off to purchase commodities. They exhausted the means of the people by their monopolies, and tken talked of over-production. —(Cheers.) The Hon. Member for Knaresborough talked of the home market and of the agricultural population forming the greater portiOn of it—there could not be a greater fallacy.—(Hear, from Mr. Ferrand.) Did the lion. Gentleman mean to say that the great proportion of the population of the country was agricultural?— (Hear, hear, from Mr. Ferrand.) The Hon. Gentleman might make statements of that sort in the House, but he had really much better go and inform himself on the sub ject. If he would look at the official returns of the census lie would find that whereas in 11311 the agricultural po pulation was in the ratio of two to one as compared with the rest of tha community, in 1831 the ratio had been precisely reversed, and the agricultural popu lation only bore the proportion of one to two.—(Hear.) The Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Ferrand), who pretended that he represented the working classes, stated that those classes did not wish for a repeal of the Corn laws. But let it be remembered, that upwards of two millions of our populatiOn had petitioned for a repeal of the Corn-laws, and upwards of three millions had petitioned for a change in our legislative system. On each of those questions the Hon. Gentleman the Member for Knares borough voted against the expressed wishes of the peo ple. The Hon. Gentleman appeared, on all occasions, to think that what the people wanted was charity, and the relief afforded in the workhouse ; but he (Mr. Villiers) begged to say that the MM. Gentleman misrepresented the English people, who did not want charity, but a fair field for the exercise .cf their in dustry, and who abhor;:al pauperism as much as any other class in the community. lie had that day had an interview with the Delegates of the Anti-Corn-law League, and the unanimous feeling among those - ,gentle men was, that the advocates of. some remedial measure to meet the prevailing distress, should not cease in their efforts to press the subject on the consideration of Par liament, while any opportunity of doing so was offered. As an instance of the state in which the country was now plunged, he would; refer to the case of Bilston and its neighbourhood, containing 700,000 souls, now left almost totally without employment, and involved in the deepest distress. It was the belief of these men that all the evils under which . they suffered might be remedied, if the Corn-laws were repealed, nod the markets of the world thrown open for their productions in exchange for articles of provi sion. He would refer to the statistics of the United States in proof of the capabilities which that country possessed of supplying us with food, for the purpose of showing that if we had a. free trade with the United States all the privations which our people now endure would cease. A gentleman in Liverpool had lately re ceived a letter from a correspondent in America, in which the writer stated that the opening of the Erie Canal would enable the agricultural produce of a country corn prising 90,000 square miles to enter for the first time the port of New York; and again the State of Ohio contained 4,000 square miles of good soil ; so that in all there were ' on the United States side of the Great Lakes, .nearly 100,000 square miles from which wheat was now sent to New York, but from which not one bushel could have been sent in the year 1830. This correspondent also stated that being unable to ex change their corn for our manufactures, they were be ginning to manufacture for themselves, It was stated also that immense tracts to the north of the Mississippi were capable of growing corn and wheat, and that the most distant parts of them were to be reached in twenty days. The superiority of the wheat grown in the west ern States was also worthy of notice. The duties on importation from America had not increased for many years at all in proportion to the increase of the population. To America our Corn-laws were very injurious, and the greatest minds of the Cnte States considered the movement going on is England for their abolition, as opening a grand prospect to the people of that country. He was sorry to detain the House with these details, but they must re collect that thousands would leok anxiously on the mor row to what had been said in the House on this ques tion ; and it was . to console the people that he stated these things. England had a double interest in the question, arising not only from the benefit she would derive from obtaining corn from thence, but that the British capital embarked in the public works of America would be .rendered more remunera tive.—(Hear, hear.) In the corn lands of America was to be found the great resource of the people of this country. If the present state of things continued, the middle and the working . classes of the nation must be come united in condemning the Corn-laws. Everything said in favour of the Corn-laws had been disproved. High wages and good trade at home had been promised as the effects of the Corn-laws, but these promises had been shown by experience to be fallacious. The people saw that the Corn-laws caused much of their distress, and gave none of the benefits predicted as consequent upon them ; and yet when the 'operation of those laws was raising the price of food; 'they were going to con tinue them. Mr. ROEBUCK felt some embarrassment on. the pre sent occasion, because from thepeculiar manner in which the motion was worded, it was impossible for him to sup portit; n w il a e n t d h e y r et, n o y n p t the t j o o i t i e o r f h t a i n te d , distressknowing knowing also that they must, of n ece ssity, well the in tentionsto which the motion referred could be remedied by legi s l a ti on , h e felt unable to vote against it. He thought it of import ance to consider what would be , the conduct o f gentle men opposite, but particularly of Minist ers , if t hi s pro position of th e Hon. Member for Greeno c k were assente d to by them. That proposition pledg e d t h e Mi n i sters of the Crown to provide sustenance and work for the poor. It was a proposition which appeared to him so fraught with mischief that he would not, in any shape whatever, be a party to passing those resolutions. If acceded to it he I t i. h ,o e uld ßig s h h t w H on h o i u m r s a e b l l f e be a Minister B un ar fi o t ilet to of the Crown ; he would be drawing not only e the people but himself'. Ile (Mr. R oe b uc k) thought idte of the House of this sort had t aion gentlemen on that (the complain right to should be brought forward at a time whe n t h ey a d m i tte d the existence of the distress, and were a nx i ous t o d ev i se ' a remedy for it—a proposition which i nvo l ve d th em i n Opposition) that i a propositio n oss i the difficulty either of sup Porting that which was false and improper, or of letting it go forth to the public that. they were opposed to inquiry in the matter, and were not friends to the people. For his own p ar t h e certainly felt that he was not in a positi" to support the motion of the Hon. Member for Greenock. lie. however, asked Hon. Gentlemen opposite to consider this question, not as it was placed in the paper PPtice before the House, but as it must coma to be decided either that night or at some other time not far distant.—(llear.) Let them throw elide for ever all party feelings, consider themselves as brethren, rheL'for the pnr- - ,LOI4 ; DON; irrENING, JULY 9, 1842._ t pose of legislating for a great and large conzaittnity, that must be dr ar to them.---(Hear,_henr.) What, then, was the cause of the distress ? He believed it was not solely to be attributed to the Corn-laws. But allowing to Hon. Gentlemen all the addition to the distress which was made from over production and the monetary dis tress of America, he would still ask if the narrowing of the markets, which was occasioned by the Corn-laws, was not a great cause of distress? He believed, Ithwever, that if they had the most unrestricted trade, there would' be periodic recurrences of distress.—(Hear.) There were things which no Government. could do, to procure sustenance and labour for the people. They ought therefore to distinguish between what could, and what could not, be done by legislation.—(Hear, hear.) The maintenance of a whole people-could not be procured by alms. It must come from themselves.—(Hear, hear.) But while he admitted that the whole distress could not be dune away with, he thought it might be partially alleviated. And how ? By an alteration of tae Corn- laws.—(Hear, hear.) That was within the grasp of the Legislature. And if it could he shown that such a re sult would be produced by an alteration of the Corn laws, how could those who, for their own pritate gain, maintained those laws, justify to themselves suish a line ..sf conduct ? And in his opinion there could be little doubt, that even besides the admission of corn into this country, the opening of foreign markets to the produce of their manufactures, which would be created thereby, would operate powerfully to mitigate and re duce the present intense destitution of the people. But he would say, what prevents the remedy ? He would be told the cold-hearted selniness of a body of men who, for the benefit of themselves, maintained those laws. He did not think that those were the motives of the landed interest; he did not believe they were actuated by bad motives ; but he would tell theM to look to their starving countrymen, and to remember that it was by an extension of trade alone that the people could obtain labour. Seeing those laws were admitted i by all high authorities to be mischievous, he would ask, then, if they would maintain them? He would appeal to their pru dence, their generosity, and their good feeling , if it was wise to create this di ff erence between . those who lived by labour in land, and by labour in manufactures. He asked them, not to repeal the laws, but to inquire —that was the question put by the Hon Member for Greenock, and inquiry was refused, on the ground that it would lead to a repeal of those laws. There could be no doubt that the Corn-laws were not the sole cause. There were other causes. He pointed to various parts in the :arid' which required to be re-considered. There was the Brazils ; there was the timber trade ; there were other parts in the tariff which required reconsideration which had produced, and were producing great mischief—mis chief that had increased,' was increasing, and ought to be diminished. He would take care that before they separated the House should have an opportunity .of de ciding distinctly on the question to which he had al luded —first, whether the people were in n state of great distress ; next, whether that distress admitted of a legislative remedy, and if so,'that the House ought to inquire what the remedy should be. Those he believed were the points which the Hon. Member for Greenock wished to bring clearly before the House, and he asked that Hon. Member if he could not devise some means of bringing those questions before the House, in place of the ill-judged resolutions now before it. He be lieved that it was practicable to do so. If the Hon. Member would allow the original question, which was, that the Speaker do leave the chair, to be put and c a rri e d to-night, the same question must be again put on Mon day, when the question in its amended shape could be brought forkard in such a manner as to obtain the ap proval of thinking people. He besought .them to do their duty as the representatives of the Commons, who were suffering under the dreadful distress, by first inquiring into the disease and then providing some remedy. Mr. FIELDEN moved that the debate be adjourned. Mr. WALLACE besought his Hon. Friend to with draw his motion and to let the division be taken before the House separated. With regard to the wording of the resolution he was not wedded to it, and in accordance with the suggestion of the Hon. Member for Bath he would agree to his alteration, and consent to the leaving out the latter part of the sixth resolution or any other part that any Hon. Member might suggest.—(Loud laughter.) Ile had, before bringing the resolution for ward, asked the Speaker if it was competent for him to make any alteration in the resolutions of which he had given notice, and bad been informed that it was not. A great part of the object which he had had in view had been obtained, for, during the discussion, the state of the country had obtained a much greater degree of attention than he had anticipated or expected. He hoped his Hon. Friend would withdraw his motion and suffer the division to come on to-night. Mr. FIELDEN, who rose amidst cries of" adjourn" and " go on," said that he did not think it advisable that the debate should be continued at that late hour of the night. He should therefore persevere in his motion for an adjournment. Sir IL - PEEL said that - the question had been before the House since Friday last, and he asked, he would not say of the courtesy, but of the justice of the House— (Hear, hear)—that they should dispose of the subject that evening. The House then divided, and the numbers were— For the adjournment Against it Majority against the adjournment —23l On the original motion being put, Mr. HINDLEY moved that the House do now adjourn. Mr. CALLAGHAN seconded the motion. The gallery was again cleared for a division. The numbers were— For the motion Against it Majority against the adjournment —195 On our return to the gallery we found Sir R. PEEL add►essing the House. He said ho knew. the power which individual Members had to obstruct the business of the House; and considering that the de bate had now lasted a week, he must leave to the House and the country to judge of the propriety of such ob structions. He certainly thought it a duty he owed the public to guard as far as he could against the establish ment of such a precedent, which in the present case was a most unjust one. Mr. WALLACE said he was as willing to be judged by the country as the Right lion. Baronet, and thought he had by far the most popular side of the case ; besides which, there were several Hon. Gentlemen who had not yet spoken during the debate, and who intended to deliver their sentiments on the subject. The country would appreciate his resolutions, and none more than the sixth one, though it did not exactly suit the Par liamentary feelings of some Hon. hair-splitting Gen tlemen. He had shown his Resolutions to his friends before giving notice of his intention to move them. He had, on being spoken with by Lord John Russell, agreed to leave out the latter part of the sixth. He had placed them on the Public Notice paper of the House at least ten days before he moved them, in all which time not a word was said against any part of them, nor had any one during the debate proposed to alter them until the Honourable Member for Bath did so. It was impossible to please every one, although he was most anxious to satisfy all his friends in that House. Out of doors the starving millions would not be so fas tidious. There his resolutions would be understood and appreciated, therefore he would not withdraw them, and was willing to go to a division now. Sir R. PEEL said he was willing to go on with the debate on Tuesday, and it was not his fault that it was not proceeded with. Mr. FIELDEN said that he was desirous of addressing the House on a subject of such importance, and as he could not do so at that late hour, he would move the ad journment of the debate till Monday.—(oh, oh.) General JOHNSTON said the question was, whether they would refuse to adjourn, for some thirty hours, in a case where bread was asked for the people ? Mr. ESCOTT said (amidst loud cries of " Oh, oh !" and " Spoke, spoke")—that the time was now come when it would be advisable to stop such proceedings, by al tering the rules of the House with regard to adjourn ments.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. C6I3DEisT said if any such attempt were made, he should feel it his duty to attend in his place to defeat it, by moving perpetual adjournments.—(Laughter.) Strangers were ordered to withdraw and the House divided on the question of adjournment, when there ap peared— For the adjournment Against it 209 Majority against the adjournment —l9O Before the gallery was opened, The House divided on the original question, when there appeared — For Mr. Wallace's resolutions 49 Against them 174 _ Majority against the resolutions —125 Sir R. PEEL then moved that the House should re solve itself pro forma into a Committee of Supply. The House accordingly went into a Committee of Supply, Mr. GREENE in the chair ; the Chairman im mediately reported progress, ana obtained leave to sit again on Monday. The other Orders of the Day were then disposed of, and the House adjourned at a Quarter to Three o'Clock. HAMBURGH MAIL. DRESDEN, JUNE 27.—1 n consequence of the long continued drought, the Elbe is so low that our steamers cannot move ; but the Bohemia steamer, drawing much less water, still continues to ply between this and Jeahen. It is high time to make every exertion to remove the obstruction of the navigation of this great German river, which is above 700 miles in length. ST. PETERSBURGD, JUNE 25.—His Royal Highness the Prince of Prussia arrived on the 21st, in good health, at the Palace of Peterhoff. DANTZIC, JUNE 27.—Yesterday evening, at ten o'clock, the two Russian steam-boats, the Kamschatka and Bogota, the latter of which had just before taken his Majesty our King on board, left this port for CrOTISWit, HANOVER, JULY 2.—His Majesty the Icing left Ro tenkirchen yesterday afternoon to go to E ms . ALTONA, JULY 2.—The King of Denmark has ac ceded to the petition of a Company, to make an iron railway from Altona to Kiel. Ihmuunon, JULY 4.—The Committee appointed by the Senate has published today, the 4th, a list of the contributions for the aid of Hamburgh, including the money received by the-Relief Committee. The amount received up to the 22d of June, In the evening, is about 3,230,000 marks bailee, HANOVER, July 2.--1 esterday afternoon, about five o'clock, wo had a thunder storm, with torrents of rain and such a hurricane that not only were the roofs of many houses in the city much damaged, bat the largest trees were broken, and e , whole row of smaller trees were torn op by the roots. All th e bo o ths and tents e recte d fbr a fete of the citizens, to-morrow, were levelled with the ground, and the boards carried to a groat diatauee.— Hamburgh Papers, 41,37 5, LONDON? SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 9, 1842. 2LEPUANT O " -- 4 grat•rei appetite and nothinw to eat. The debates on Mr. WALLACE'S, and on Mr. BANNER MAN'S motions, are some of the most important of the Session. Their measures certainly want the one great recommendation of all Sir ROBERT PEEL'S measures, the certainty, namely, of being carried ; but they have never theless the higher virtue of being eminently useful. They have turned the thoughts of Members of Parliament and of the public in aright direction, and they have convinced even the Members themselves of the uselessness, if not of the mischievousness, of the measures which they have passed, because they had the single merit of being pro posed by Sir ROBERT PEEL. Only now, apparently, has any knowledge of the true state of the country penetrated into the House of Com mons, and all the Members, Premier and all, seem suddenly awakened and alarmed at the consequences of their own actions. They can no longer disguise from themselves the existence of terrible and wide-spread dis tress ; ntr for one moment doubt that the measures of Sir ROBERT PEEL have increased our calamities. Mr. WALLACE and Mr. BANNERMAN will not be able to inflict new laws on the community, but they have established some important truths. This is one prodigious advan tage which the debates they have provoked have had over most of the preceding discussions. They seem also to have had the effect of sift* and separating parties. M r . M oNcwrox MILNES on Thurs day spoke and voted against Sir ROBERT PEEL. The upright and sincere amongst his followers begin to perceive that party considerations must give way in the present awful state of the country ; and very soon other reflecting men like, Mr. MONCKTON MILNES, will shudder at sacrificing the peace of the community at the shrine of Sir ROBERT Pzra.'s unprincipled ambition. Lord J. RUSSELL voted one way, Mr. -.-,„.., l rA ,, atrz.ey and Lord HOWICK another. The two latter prefer the pub lic safety to technical considerations. They come more to the popular side as their former leader sides with the Tories. Lord JOHN RUSSELL seems to prefer the Go vernment to the community, and he trusts to Sir RO BERT PEEL rather than vote for a law which might coin pel him to act. He speaks and votes under the respon sibility of being soon again in office, and he would forego the substantial benefit to the public for which Mr. MACAULAY and Lord Howicx voted, rather than infringe the power he expects again to wield. There are, indeed, rumours afloat of a coalition be tween him and Sir ROBERT PEEL, but were it to take place, what more could their united strength in Parlia ment accomplish than has been accomplished by Sir R. PEEL ? All his measures are carried, and at the very moment and height of his triumph in Parliament events have completely defeated him. He has succeeded in the House of Commons, but failed in the country. Unsup ported by the Press, surrounded by followers who no longer trust him, shunned And dis liked by opponents, whom he hag deprived of office, while he has been compelled to adopt the principles of their policy, he is obviously in a far s orse position after the most brilliant Parliamentary success, than when he entered office. A union between him and Lord Jour; IlussELL could not increase their power ; and, were it to take place, it would only damage the diameter of both, without enabling them combined to conquer those events to which Sir It PEEL singly has succumbed, If Lord Jourt RUSSELL cannot hope by any union With Sir ROBERT PEEL to enable the Government to master events, the preferable course for him is to become, if possible, the leader of that policy which is adapted to them, and which is stronger than the present strong Government. Sir R. PEEL'S dictatorship forced his Bill through the Rouse of Commons, and those measures are more dis cussed after they are passed than when they were in pro gress. It is singular, too, that before the session is ended, Parliament has become half ashamed and half sorry at its own acts. It is satisfied, a s well a s the pub. lic, that little or no good can possibly come of the three great measures it has, after five months' labour, almost canlP*o‘l, Both siistliess and discontent are rapidly in ereatulg: is no longer the Chartists merely who cla. LATE EDITIONS of " TIIE SUN' in tho CITY. M R. L j ATE P CIIRT:I I I.II : II I t S ; :iftidNe oa.rralnrFrone:tsCllll which the Public and the Trade may be supplied with a THIRD EDITION of "THE SUN " EVERY EVENING at HALF-PAST SEVEN O'CLOCK, And Subsequent Editions when Published. The THIRD .EDITION of " THE SUN" contains the PROCEEDINGS of both HOUSES of PARLIAMENT up to SEVEN O'CLOCK, and all other important in formation accessible to that hour. On TUESDAYS and FRIDAYS a full Abstract of the " Lon don Gazette"—Bankruptcies, Promotions in the Army and Navy, &c. &c., will be found in this Edition, the importance A which will be appreciated by MERCHANTS and BANKERS for their FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE. Advertisements and Orders for " The Sun" received by Mr. Thomas, No. 1, Finch-lane, Cornhill ; where also may be obtained Every Morning, before Eight o'clock, " THE MORNING SUN." NEW HISTORICAL ROMANCE, EDITED BY HORACE SMITH, Esq. Just ready, in 3 vols. post 3v0., AS S A N I E L L 0. AN HISTORICAL ROMANCE. Edited by the Author of " Brambletye House," &c. Henry Colbum, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. 13, Great Marlborough-street. THE MARQUESS OF LONDONDERRY'S TRAVELS TO CONSTANTINOPLE, &c. Will be ready for delivery early Next Week. Orders received by all Booksellers. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough- s t ree t. Agents : for cotland, Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh ; for Ireland, John Cumming, Dublin. LOAN of the GRAND DUKE of BADEN, in the Year 1841. Capital Five Millions of Florins, to be redeemed with Nine Millions, Thirty-four Thousand, and Fifty five Florins. .The Third Distribution will take place on the Ist of August 1842, when the following considerable sums may be obtained :-1 of 40,000 1 ; 1 of 10,000 fl. ; 1 of 5,0001 ; 1 of 3,000 fl. ; 2 of 1,500 fl. ; 4 of 1,000 ft. ; 10 of 250 fl. ; 20 of 125 fl : 30 of 10011. ; 330 of 65 fl.—One bond, 10s. Twelve bonds, bl. Twenty-six bonds, 101. An Official Bulletin of the result will he forwarded to the Sharehalders. For further particulars, and to obtain Bonds, apply to J. A. STRAUS, Banker, Frankfort-on-the-Maine; or to JOHN SCHULZE, Foreign Agent, 32, Villiers-street, Strand, London. HAMBURGH, JULY, 1842. HIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA, AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA, having AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED several DIS TRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS, by which LARGE FORTUNES may be obtained. HEINE BRO THERS, at HAMBURGH, are now Selling Genuine and WARRANTED SELECTED BONDS for the said DISTRIBU TIONS. Persons desirous to purchase may re:eive, PREVIOUS to giving any order, the PROSPECTUS with full PARTI CULARS, upon addressing, WITHOUT DELAY, a line to HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH. As we receive frequently applications for CERTIFICATES, we must bet; to observe, that a CERTIFICATE is QUITE DIFFERENT from a BOND, and tiat there is a great di e ference again between BONDS and SELECTED BONDS —the SELECTED BONDS ONLY TAKING PART IN THE DISTRIBUTION WHICH FOLLOWS THE SE LECTION, and which should never be •verlooked, being of the greatest importance. THEATRE-ROYAL,'ENGLISH OPERA-HOUSE. THIS EVENING, JULY 9. The Performances will commence with the New Drama, called THE LONE HUT. Principal Characters by Messss. 0. Smith, Diddear, W. H. Bland, and Harley, Miss Murray, Miss Crisp, and bliss Faucit. To be followed by thz New Burletta, entitled THE WATER WITCHES, in which blessts J, Oxberry, Berke-, Misses Murray, Crisp, Pincott, and Hughes, will appear. After which, THE ILLUSTRIOUS STRANGER.—BowbeII, Mr. Harley; Azar, Mr. B3X cer • Niza. M s. Hughes To conclude with the Farce of A DAY WELL SPENT.—BoIt, Mr. J. Vining; Mizzle, Mi. Oxberry. Boxes, 4s. Pit, 2s.— Gallery, Is. Doors open at Half-past Six ; commence at Seven; Half-price, a Quarter before Nine. Private Boxes to be had of Mr. Grogan, at the Private Box-office; and of Messrs. Andrews, Mitchell, Sams, and Bally, at their Libraries. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. THIS EVENING, JULY 9. Will be acted Aulier's celebrated Opera of ERA DIAVOLO.— Fra Liavolo; Mr. W. Harrison; Lord Allcash, Mr. J. Webster • Lorenzo, Mr. Walton ; Beppo, Mr. G. Stansbury ; Giacomo, Mr .' Leffler; Zerlina, Miss Romer ; Lady Allcash, Mrs. Serle. After which, THE ARTFUL DODGE—Artful Dodge, Mr. G. Wild. To concluee with a Drama call .d THE CROWN PRINCE; or tl.e BUCKLE OF DIAMONDS, in which Mr..). Webster wil l ap. pear. Places and Private Boxes may be Fad of Mr. J. Kerschner, at the Fox Office, from Eleven till Four daily. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and the Public, are respectfully informed that ON MONDAYS, TUESDAYS, AND THURSDAY, GRAND EVENING FETES will be given, in which will be em. bodied all those popular Entertainments that have given to this favou rite place of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions and in troductions, which render them more generally attractive. The MENAGERIE has been enriched by many valuable and im portant acquisitions in the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds. Feeding Time Five o'clock. The Colossal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some instances remodelled, with a Mechanical Table:al d'action, repre senting the Procession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman Nobles, to the Castle of St. Angelo. Tha BAND includes some of the most emlneat Performers, con. lucted by Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES M OSIC ALES selectedf tom the noblest works of the great Masters. The ILLUMINATIONof ST. PETER'S, the CROSS of FIRE, and the GIRANDOLA of ST. ANGELO, with all the gorgeous Spectacles and magnificent introductions that have called forth ac. chtmmations of delight and admiration on each evening of their ex. hibition, terminating with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour, the CAC A.DE of BRILLIANT FIRE, SIX I Y FEET in height. The Gardens are open Daily from Ten till Dusk. The Evening Fetes, with the Promenades Mus!cales, Illumination of St. Peter's, Girandola of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays, ai.d Thursdays. Admission One Shilling. all Advertisements of a Disgusting Character, or Immoral Tendency, are excluded from the Columns of "The Sun." Vo - ' - ' 4 ' -'% t 41 ...., * -,' " u Q ' -It - (14Z: ; ..1. - ‘41...0 ,4 1... " ,,,, ...Si clo :•,. --"‘ *4 v." ~ s.'": l eWili o.t Or vp....1.4" .... ,t; --z: '4 , m 0 t 4 i 4 • , . „RV' . 4... Citt !IL% •• • Atitt mour for a elms° in the Contitutlc4l, tt-0:41:h tLey tot not silent ; but the bulk of the middle classes complain that . the measures of the Legislature are destroying their prosperity, and they point to an immense,increeAng, and dangerous mass of pauperism to justify their complaints- The Parliament, in truth, is in much the sane condi tion as the Premier. At the moment when it is about to wind up its successful laboirs, it 'finds out that it is in a worse position than when the session began. It has weakened all the holdfasts of monopoly, and failed to satisfy the people. All its work must be done over again, and done in a more workmanlike manner. The final result, so far, is, that both the strong Government and the Parliament have been shattered and half de stroyed by a deliberate attempt to modify and perpetuate a great system of legislative injustice. They have pe rilled their authority in a struggle against the course of society, and they have already lost the battle. The third and last of Sir Ron Ear PEEL'S great mea sures passed through the House of Lords last night, and it now only needs what is called the Royal assent to be. come law. No time will be lost in going through that form, and traders may at once commence their opera. 'dons to make the most and the best of it. We shall re. joice to hear that it restores health to our trade, that those who have looked to it with much hope may not be disappointed; 'but we cannot cherish the belief that lowering somewhat the price of meat will diminish tha distress of those who cannot get breed, or that abating the duties on oils, drugs, and dye-stuffs, will give era. ployment to our - cotton and woollen manufactures. Any measures which relieve the piesent alarming and dan gerous distress must command our approbation ; and so earnestly do we desire to see the people relieved that we shall rejoice much to see the effects of the tariff surpass the most extravagant expectations. Some interest has been exeited by Lord PALMERSTON having asserted on Wednesday night, that "orir of the first acts of the Tory President of the Board of Control was to write to ask Lord AUCKLAND to retain the Go vernor-Generalship of India !" Last night, Mr. B. Be- COTT gave this statement a contradiction, almost, as he said, on authority ; and to refute the contradiction Lord PALMERSTON Said, that— The ground he had for making the assertion was an extract from a private letter, addressed by a member of Lord Auck_ land's family in India to another member of his Lordship's fa mily residing in England, which letter was in his possession, and an extract from which he would read to the House.— ( Hear.) The letter was dated Calcutta, November 20, 1841, and after expressing regret that the last mail had not brought cut the appointment of Lord Auckland's successor, the writer proceeded to say, " lu fact, it is lucky that Lord Auckland has srnt home his resignation, for I ord Ellenborough writes a most friendly letter, wishing him very much to remain, and stating that he has no doubt but that they shall get on very well toga ther."—( Cheers.) We place the authority prominently before our readers, and leaeo them to judge whether it bears out the asser tion we have quoted. TRADE AND WAR..—We regret to see that one Or ODV Contemporaries defends the war beyond the Indus On the ground that it was necessary to have Affghabisten in order to secure our trade in that river. No method will more surely bring odium on trade than thus to make it the handmaid of war. The trade which cannot flourish without conquest approaches very nearly to rapine, and when politicians - give that sort of protection to trade they degrade it into plunder. MR. HUME AND HIS MOTION FOR RETURNS OF THE SERVICE OF FLAG OFFICERS IN THE NAVY. Oa Thursday, when the gallery was cleared, after the motion for adjournment of the house (the hour then a quarter to two o'clock) was decided, Mr. Hume nriain moved the adjournment of the debate, and the propriety of giving the returns was st rong l y urge d by Admiral Dundas, Commodore Napier, and Captain Pechell. Af ter some time Sir Robert Peel thought proper to agree to the adjournment of the debate, which leaves the question open for discussion on Monday next. We are sorry to see the old Tory course of refusing to let the Ho use h ave returns of the nat ure as k e d f or by Mr. Hume, and it is to be hoped that there are in the House a sufficient num ber of Members who will support him, and insist on the information beingfurnislied. An excuse was given by Mr, Sydney Herbert, the Secretary to: the Admiralty, that the making out the returns would occupy so much time of the office, that the other business of the Admiralty would be incommoded ; and it is to be regretted that Mr. Charles Wood, late Secr e t ar y t o th e Ad m i ra l ty, sup ported that absurd defence, and actually voted against the motion. We desire to explain what the nature of the return called for by Mr. Hume was, that the country may see the commencement of a system of secrecy in the proceedings of the Admiralty Board. In the Repor4 of the Commissioners for inquiring into the promotions in the Navy and Army, laid before the House in 1840, it is stab d, that in order to show the extent and nature, of the promotions of flag-officers in the navy, the Com missioners had directed a Return of the services of each flag-officer to be made out and laid before them, to see not only how long their names had been on the list of the navy, but how long they had actually served the country from whom they rece i ve d t h e i r half-psy, and the table or return of services of all the flag-officers promoted by the two preceding Brevets, as appended tq the Report laid before the Commons in 1840 (see r . ..sge 322). Mr. Hume asked for a c on ti nuot i on of the, same kind of return of the services of the flag-eneers pro moted by the last Brevet. It was not P. new or fanciful return of Mr. Hume's imagination, but a continuation of the return prepared by order of the Commissioners of Inquiry, and that is the return refused., Commodore Narier told the House, as Mr. Hume had done, that as every officer promoted was required to give, and actually did give in a list of his service; the labour to complete the return required by the Hon. Member for Montrose was only to copy those !statements, and as the lion. Member offered to send his own clerk to take the copy, no excuse of that kind could be admitted. It may be well to explain the nature of the Report and Return given already of all flag -offi cers promoted, for example up to the 28th of Juno, 1835, and of which a continuation was asked for, Admiral Drummond is stated to have entered the navy in May, 1780, and his whole service in commission is stated to have been nine years, eleven months, one week, and two days ; by whiel4 the Commissioners re port that, after deducting, wt will suppose eight wears, for his service as a boy and Midshipman (which is the average servioe befe;re promotion to be Lieutenant), the whole service in the navy of his country of Admiral Drummond, whose name is in the promotion of Ad mirals of the 221 Jely, 1830, was under two years, and for that t wo years ' service he has the title of Admiral, and the peuston of a naval officer from the public, since the year 1792, i.e. 40 years' pension for two years of =vice as- an officer in the navy. Is it to be wondered at that the expenses of the country are great, when such proceedings are allowed ? We will give another example of the service of Admirals, for which the rank and pensions of the public are ven. In page 323 of the ftppendix to theßeport, itis stated that Sir L. Curtis, Bart., entered the naval service on the 2d of June, 1795 ; that lie was -in active s e r v i ce on l y seven years, five months, two weeks, and two days, and if we deduct the period of six years, that by th e ru l es o f t h e service he ought t o have been in the navy as a boy and Midshipman before he could be promoted to be a Lieutenant, it appears bx that return that his whole service as an officer in the navy was less than one-and a-half years, and for that service he has been paid by the public, i. e., he has been on full and half-pay for forty eight years for that short service of ono and a half years to the country. Mr. Hume declared that he wanted the continuation of the returns to enable him to bring forward the promo tions in the navy as an abuse of the powers of the pre rogative, and a waste of public money. We shall see how far the refusal of Sir Robert Peel to give the in formation to the House will be supported by the Mem bers of the Commons, in the present state of the finaneee, especially. The question stands adjourned ; and we trust the lint Zpportunity will be taken to have the return ordered. THE JEWS OF DAMASCUS, Extract from a letter from an, English traveller, acted Damascus, June 5, 1842, addressed to Sir 31. Mont‘fiore: " I received visits from the principal Jews of the city, the Harraris, Farkhis, &c., &c., and returned thet a . " In the houses of the Jews of Damascus there is an appearance of well-doing, and in their persons and man ners there is an air of good breeding and cleanliness which pleased me much. I have heard from. their own mouths the details of their horrible suffering-s, but now thank God, they enjoy much re s p ec t an d consideration, and are happy. The three brothers Earrari, who are uuder British protection, have, at the instigation of our worthy and intelligent Consul, Mr. Wood, emancipated the slaves who were in their possession, and are doing their best to cause the other Jews of Damascus to do the seine act. I think they will succeed. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET, WEDNESDAY NIGHT, Entry for Thursday : TOWN PLATE, B. M.--c by Hymen dam by Perchance ; Bridegroom; Miss Sally, by Nonsense out of Rectory; Esper. tero ; Seahorse ; Ma Mie ; and e by Retainer, dam by Rt. Patrick. HANDICAP. —From the Starting-post of B.M. to the end of new T.Y.C.—Menalippe, 5 y rs , s s s 10lb s Lanelee, 4 yra, 7st 101 b ; Minaret, 4 yrs, Bst blb ; the Oneida tshief. 3 yrs, 7st 21b ; and filly by Bizarre out of Flambeaux s dam, 3 yrs, fist. CHESTERFIELD STA K Kg. —The Bolero and ine fillies, Turk and Mary Ann fillies have paid in addition to those race. tioned in our last. who depart e d f or ty-two pass engers Among the Yesterday on board the Princess Victoria, were the Eng. fish crew of the steamer British Queen, on their return to England. i n passing this noble vessel, they saluted her with three hearty ehe ers.—Anticerp Puper. We are assured that the crew of the British Queen is tn .be cocomposed solely of men and officers of the B e l g i an navy. aptain Claes, now and one of the gunboats, stationed in the Scheldt, has received the appointment of second captain on board this steamer. 'l.'ne y tptantity of goods, are occu pied at this mom ent in taking on board a pretty largp and her departure, is fixed for next Thursday at ten o'clock in the morning, ---Journal de Commerce. fty me LthEEns nottas or Conencrum.—Betwi x t f o rt y a n d fiftu are now at work brAding the lar ge s t one wa ll e West Riding House, of Correction at Wakefield ...l:WO or three turnkey's :louses are, we understand, to be bnilt within the circle of the wall. The number of . prl• sorters in the Riding prison previous to the late sessions, MILS upwards of M—Leeds Jburnal