The Sun. — London, England, 1855-02-05 00:00:00

rttrb 71littion. SUN OFFICE, Seven. o' Clock. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS.--(THIS EVENING.) There was a large attendance of strangers again this evening in their lordships house. The Earl of Aber deen and the Duke of Argyll occupied their usual seats. The LORD CIIANCRLLOR took his seat en the woolsack M five o'clock. MINISTERIAL CRISIS. The Earl of ABERDEEN said—My lords, I am under the necessity of moving the adjournment of the house ; but I think it right to inform your lordships that my noble friend the Secretary of the Home Depart ment has been commissioned to propose to her Majesty a new Administration, and he being engaged in that work, he (the Earl of Aberdeen) could only move that the house, at its rising, adjourns till to-morrow. Agreed te. CATHEDRAL APPOINTMENTS CONTINI7• ANCE BILL. This bill passed through committee. BILLS OF EXCHANGE BILL. This bill also passed through committee. Their lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—(THIS EVENING.) The SMARR took the chair at four o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The following bills were read a second time and ordered to be committed :—Aberdare Valley Railway Carlisle and Silleth Bay Railway and Dock ; Colonial Life Assurance Company ; Glasgow and South-Western Railway (Steam Boats) ; Glasgow, Dumbarton, and Ilelensleurgh Railway ; Halifax Gas ; Inverury and Old Meldrum Railway ; Nottingham and Loughborough Road ; Regent's Canal (Hertford Union Canal) ; Royal London Militia ; South Staffordshire Railway ; Staines, Wokingham, and Woking Railway (Reading junction) ; Staines, Wskisghaaa, and Woking Railway (Alterations, &c.) ; Swansea Vale Railway ; Taunton Gas ; Torquay Market and Slaughter-houses ; Vale of Neath Railway ; Wadhurst and West Farleigh Roads ; Wolverhampton Now Water ; Wolverhampton Water. CAMBRIDGE ELECTION. The SPEAKER acquainted the house that he had received a report from the Examiner of Recognisances, stating that the recognisances in the Cambridge cage were unobjectionable._ PETITIONS. Sir J. IVA.LIISLEY presented a petition from the stage carriage proprietors of Wrexham, praying for a reduction of the stage carriage duty. Mr. W. J. FOX presented a petition from a tempe rance meeting, praying for the immediate and total abo lition of the sale of intoxicating drinks. (A. laugh.) BALAKLAVA. In reply to Mr. DENIM, Admiral BERKELEY read two letters from Admiral Lyons, to show that steps were being taken to improve the harbour of Bala.klava, so as to enable free ingress and egress to transports. APPEARANCE OF THE HOUSE. There was a tolerably full attendance of members at this stage of the proceedings of the House, which pre sented an animated appearance. The Peers' boxes Red the strangers' gallery were fully occupied, and the whole of the members of the late Government were present, with the exception of Lord Palmerston, Sir J. Graham, and Mr. Sidney Herbert. Amongst the Peers we no ticed Lord Panmure (the new Minister at War), the Earl of Carlisle (the new Secretary for the Home De partment), Earl Grey, the Duke of Newcastle, and the Marquis of Clanrioarde. MIN ISTERIAL STATEMENT. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said— Sir, in consequence of a message which I have received from my noble friend the Secretary of State for the Home Department, I wish to propose to this house that the orders of the day, with the exception of that relating to the Fisheries (North America) Bill, should be read, for the purpose of being postponed. My noble friend has also communicated to me that the same reasons that induced the house on Friday last to waive all pro ceedings likely to lead to discussion are still in their full force, and that is why I wish that the order should be further postponed. The adjournment of the house will take place as usual until to-morrow. Lord EBRINGTOIsT.—I wish to ask the right hon. gentleman whether by the statement which has just been made—namely, that the reasons for postponing public business continue in full force—he intends to con vey to us the fact that no progress whatever has been made towards the formation of a new Government The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER.—Sir, I have received no communication from my noble friend on that subject. (A. laugh.) The orders of the day, with the exception mentioned, were then read for the purpose of being postponed. FISHERIES (NORTH AMERICA.) BILL. This bill was read a third time and passed. LORD JOHN RUSSELL'S EXPLANATION. On the motion that the house do now adjourn, Lord J. RUSSELL rose and said that he had been very anxious that there should be no necessity for any further statement on his part with respect to his resignation of the high office which he lately had the honour to hold. He, therefore, in the debate of Monday last, refrained from replying in any way to the statement of his right hon. friend the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Althoegla none of those statements were calculated to produce an effect injurious to himself, and the only statement which he added to the one which he had previously given related to the correspondence which took place on the subject of uniting the two offices of Secretary at War and the Se cretary of State for War, but there had since appeared a publication purporting to be the report of a speech of the Duke of Newcastle, made elsewhere, which he could not refrain from noticing without allow ing grave errors to settle in the public mini. (Hear, hear.) He need not say that he thought that speech rather too much placed this question as a question of dispute between the Duke of Newcastle and himself, and not on those broad public grounds upon which he had thought it his duty to resign. It appeared to me at the end of last session that the propositions of the Govern meat 'were such, that not relying upon party sup port they did not meet with very general approval, and defeats frequently attended them. Under ordinary cir cumstances he should have thought these defeats a suf ficient reason to allow him to state to the Earl of Aber - (leen that it was not advisable that such a Govern ment should continue, and that he could no longer attempt to conduct the business of the Government in the House of Commons. (Hear, hear.) But there was a great question then pending, and still pending—namely, the prosecution of the war ; and since the house had given its confidence to the Government en that subject, he stated what he thought he was justi fied in stating that so long as he thought the war could be prosecuted in a vigorous and efficient manner, that ministers would be justified in holding office in spite of the defeat he had mentioned. (Hear, hear.) There was another consideration for general notice, which he wished to place before the house, namely, that it was of the utmost consequence in whose hands the conduct of the war was placed. (Hear.) His belief was that if Lord North had conducted the seven years' war, we should not have had to boast the conquest of Canada, or if LordChathaen hal not conducted the war of American Independence, we should not have had to deplore the capitulation of Saratoga, or suffer the humiliating epectoecle which allowed the enemy's fleet triumphantly to ride in British waters. (Hear, hear.) Now, if that were so, the house, he was sure, would not think that it was unreasonable for him, being the principal mem ber of the Government in that house, to watch with the utmost care and anxiety the prosecution of the war. (Hear, hear.) He came now to the particular s t atemen t s w hi c h had been attributed i tl " 5 public p rints to the Duke of Newcastle. In the state went P la ee, the Duke of Newcastle objected to the state on his which had made that there was a strong wish part to held the office of Secretary of State for the War Deputtnent, made that statement from the language which h e he,: h the Cabinet who h a d ea :L ard from various members of h. must say, that it wa s tefl ito him, and he considered, naturale.ped that th e D u ke of New_ male, having fitted out an whaton with very con siderable rapidity, should wish to see they all expected , n amely , the triumphant t he . believed expe diti o n while be held the seali of Secretary St a t e eef of the for War. (C heers.) But upon this sub j e ct he was net left to mere general belief, because in a letter whi c h he received from Lord Aberdeen there oocurred this pas sage : " But I must observe that at the formation of such office as the War De p a r t men t the Governme nt no existed, and when the subject of the se p aration of the Colonial-office from the War Department took place, no objectio n what ever was made to the the choi ce o f th e W a r Department by m y noble friendd to Duk e o f N ewcas tl e ." Now, those words appeare him t o b e excee di ng l y c l ear ; they bad a defin it e mean ing. Lord Ab er d een did not say that no objec tio n was made to th e c h o i ce o f t h e D u k e of N e wcastle, but he said no objection was made to the choice of the War Department by the Duke of Newcastle. (Hear' hear.) It was perfectly true, as stated by the Duke o f New castle, that when the two departments were divided, he declared himself ready to take either or none, as it should be thought best for the public service ; but his noble friend at the head of the Government, who hat great confidence in the abilities of the noble Duke, proposed that the noble Duke should have the choice of the two offices, and there was no opposition to his wish. (Hear, hear.) The not statement t his,he had was imputed errors to the Duke of Newcastle, but he referred in his letter to the error committed in regard to the 97th Regt., not for the purpose of censuring the noble Duke, but in order to show that there was not full efficiency in the administration of the office—(hear, hear)—and he stated to the noble duke at the time that if he required additional power to increase its efficiency he should immediately apply to the Prime I Minister to supply the defect that might exist. (Hear.) His impression was, not that the Duke of Newcastle was unfit for his department, but, as he had already stated, either the Prime Minister must be con stantly exerting himself in making the necessary preparations for carrying on the war, or that the War Minister must have extraordinary authority and judg ment. (Hear, hear.) His opinion was, however, that had the Prime Minister been a man whose pursuits and disposition would lead him to hasten the necessary pre parations for the war, the Duke of Newcastle would have been found perfectly competent for the department he held ; but with Lord Aberdeen as Prime Minister, the affairs of the department could only be conducted by a Minister having extraordinary energy and authority. Under that belief, he had no hesitation in admitting that the Duke of Newcastle had done all he could in the circumstances in which he had been placed. (Hear.) I now come to a more important question, namely, to the statement that I had withdrawn altogetker my pro position. New there were two questions which I had incorporated in the letter which I wrote to Lord Aber deen ; the one was as to the constitution of the War De- Par tment—whether the offices of the Secretar y of State and the Secretary at War should be consolidated into one, or administered separately ; and the other related to the efficient direction of the war, and the person into whose hands the department should fall. The house will at once see the two questions were wholly distinct. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the first of these ques tions I consulted a noble friend of mine, who long held, with the respect and the satisfaction of this house, the office of Secretary at War—Lord Panneure. (Rear.) I thought I could go to no better person, as I had some Bonversation with him on that subject last year, and I wished to ascertain his opinion on a question of some Importance. My noble friend told nee in reply that he thought there should be a Secretary at War, charged with the finances of the army, b u t th a t h e s h ou ld also be a Secretary of State ; but with respect to the other question I have mentioned, and in this I have been confirmed by my noble friend (hear, hear) I never stated to him anything relating to the offices held by either the Duke of Newcastle or Lord Palmer ston ; that was a question which I never touched on with him, for whilst I thought that the constitution of departments in the Government was a question on which I could nob ask an opinion out of the Cabinet, I should have thought it highly improper if I had asked an opinion out of the Cabinet relative to the persons fit to hold them. (Hear, hear.) What I stated on the 16th of December, therefore, had reference to the distinctness of these departments. I know I stated more than once, and I may have stated to Lord Aberdeen at that time, that after the noble lord had said that he could not :honestly recommend to the Queen that the office of Se eretary at War should be trans ferred from the hands of the Duke of Newcastle to those of his noble friend the Secretary of State for the Home Department, that it was not my intention to bring that question again before the Cabinet, because if it were decided adversely to Lord Aberdeen, it would kave been equivalent to depriving him of the Cabinet over which he presided. (Hear, hear.) Now I was very likely in error in coming to that determination ; and it is also likely that having formed the opinion I have mentioned, it would have been for the welfare of the country if I had pressed it on the Cabinet, and if it had decided con trary to my opinion, at once to have resigned my office. I own, however, I was adverse to bringing the question to such an issue, for I wished, as long as possible, particularly in the relation in which I stood to Lord Aberdeen, and having accepted office under him to maintain his Ad ministration as long as I consistently could. (Hear, hear.) As events progressed, various questions arose with respect to the war, and in regard to them all I endeavoured to give my assistance to Lord Aberdeen, the Duke of Newcastle, and the Cabinet in improving the condition of army, and in providing for the means of its future operations. I must say, at the same time, that with respect to some of these questions—such for instance as the question raised in this house by his hon. friend the member for Aylesbury, as to the danger which might be incurred if the Russian army was in creased on the land side, and the necessity of providing some force to meet any invasion of the Russians on that side. That was a very important question, and occu pied my attention considerably, but I cannot say that it met with that sufficient attention from Lord Aberdeen which I could have hoped. However, I still continued a member of the Cabinet. My noble friend the Seca tau for the Home Department, the other day said, in answer to the statement which II had made here, that I had not,,takenta right time, or the right mode of resigning, and that I ought to have brought before the Cabinet, before Parliament met, the question of how any motion for inquiry was to be en countered, and to have stated the deficiences which I still thought existed with respect to our military ar rangements connected with the war. I think my noble friend was entirely right in saying that I ought to have done so. (Cheers.) lam quite willing to admit that, and I perceive the error into which I have I fallen. It was an error on my part not to have fully considered the position I should be in if a motion for inquiry should be made after the opinion I had expressed and the dissatisfaction I felt ; but be that as it may, having committed an error, I felt that I should be guilty of a still greater error —of Ail error in morality, and there can be no sound politics without sound morality (cheers)—if I stood up in this house and opposed inquiry, and told this house to be perfectly satisfied with regard to these arrangements, whilst, at the same time, my own mind was not satisfied with regard to them, and I did not feel that they were satisfactory. (Loud cheers.)t It had been said that I might have stood by my colleagues, and that if the Go vernment had Leen defeated I should have resigned with them. I cannot say that that proposition is at all satisfac tory to my mind, for it is presumed that I was to take a course which I was conscientiously opposed to. (Cheers.) But there was another alternative to be considered, the event might have been different, and a majority might have declared in favour of the Government, and what course could I have taken! (Hear,lhear.) After all, I am very glad I did not run that risk. (Hear, hear.) But I must say I have been much struck, if a state ment which is totally new to me, and which is princi pally contained in the speech of the Duke of Newcastle, viz., that he some days before the meeting of Parliament, had placed his resignation in the hands of Lord Aberdeen, and had stated that if any censure was passed on the conduct of the war, and even if that censure was resisted successfully, he should still retire from the office he held. Now, I was totally ignorant of any such resignation having been offered. (Loud cheers.) With regard to my own resignation, I must say that I think, under these circumstances, the advice of my noble friend (Lord Aberdeen) to her Majesty to accept it without any further communication with me was somewhat hasty. (Hear.) I think it was but due to me to have informed me of the communication he had re ceived from the Duke of Newcastle, and we might then have considered together whether the motion for enquiry could be resisted on good and sufficient grounds. The noble lord then proceeded to advert to the obloquy which had been cast upon him for the step he had taken, and observed that if his past public life did not justify him from the charge of selfishness or treachery, he would make use of no arguments for the purpose of defence. After a few further remarks with -regard to the reception of his first letter to the Earl of Aberdeen, the noble lord went on to say that her Majesty was pleased, on Friday night last, to call upon him to undertake the formation of a Go vernment. He felt that there were two reasons which made it incumbent upon him to obey her Majesty's cone menthe The one was that he had been instrumental in the decision of the house on Monday night last, in consequence of which the Government had resigned, and the other that it had been attributed to him that he was disposed, from mere cowardly feeling, to shrink from encountering a vote of that house on the conduct of the war. Therefore he thought it incumbent on him not to shrink from a task the most honorable, brit at the same time the most arduous in the present situation of public affairs. He found, however, that there were insuper able obstacles to his forming a Government. He was not surprised ; on the contrary, he concurred in some objections which his friends urged, and he submitted to her Majesty that he could not succeed. His lordship con eluded by excusing his omission to notice the heroio ac tions of the Second Division at Alma and Inkerman, referred to on Friday by Sir De Lacy Evans on the ground that ho never professed to give a detailed narrative of the achievements of the army, to whom he paid a feeling compliment. His lordship sat down amidst loud cheers. After a few words in reply from Mr. GLIDSTONIZ, the house adjourned. NEW PRUSSIAN NOTE. by deliberately seeking to exclude from the future transactions of Europe one of the two great German The following is the despatch of M. Drouyn de powers. I authorise 'you, sir, to read this despatch to --, to make use of it layour interviews with your colleagues. Receive, &c., (Signed) Dnouyv Ds LIM% Lhuys, to the diplomatic agents of France iu Ger- many, of which a summary has been given : PARIS, Jim 26. SlR,—The cabinet of Berlin has resolved not to reply directly to the last communications of the cabinet of Vienna ; it prefers addressing itself to the members of the confederation, and it is at Frankfort that the two great German Powers intend to meet. The crisis that has long been preparing is at last about to break out, and the Government of the Emperor follows its develop ment with the most sincere regret. Our own suscepti bility enables us to fathom that of others. " We have, therefore, no wish to mix ourselves up with affairs, which by reason of their intricacy cannot be exactly understood and advantageously arranged, save by the States concerned. But after all, we are the neighbours of Germany ; whatever interests that great country touches us ; and at the moment even when symptoms of division become manifest within it, we can loyally bear witness in our own behalf, that we have in no respect contributed to the difficulties of a situation that we deplore. NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. The crew of of the screw steam-ship Exmouth, 90, Captain the Hon. F. Pelham, bent ■ails at Plymouth on Saturday. Letters, dated Jan. 15, have been received at Ply mouth from the Vengeance, 84, Captain Lord Edward Russell. The Vengeance and the paddle-wheel steam frigate Vulture, 6, Captain F. H. H. Glasse, are ordered to Plymouth, where they will be refitted and their crews paid wages. The Pembroke and Hastings, 60-gun screw block ships, have been commissiond at Portsmouth by Cap tains George H. Seymour and J. C. Caffin. The Pem broke was got out of dock and basin on Saturday, and under the shears to be masted, her screw having been got in by hard work the over night, and the Hastings was expected to be supplied with her screw on Saturday night. These ships will quickly be supplied with their screw power, and we have no doubt that they will be with the fleet for the Baltic, which is now ordered to be at the rendezvous by the 3d of March. The screw steam-corvette Esk, 20, Captain Thomas T. Birch, from the eastward, bound to the Black Sea with shot and shell, arrived at Plymouth on Saturday morning. The Penelope, 18, paddle-wheel steam-frigate, under refit at Portsmouth, is ordered to be commanded by Captain William Wiseman, Captain Wan having re ceived a more important appointment—the Hastings, 60. The Centaur, 6, paddle-wheel steam-frigate, is ordered to be commissioned at Portsmouth by Captain Clifford, who was disabled some time sines while in command of the Sphinx, but now recovered. He is the son of Rear-Admiral Sir Augustus Clifford, Usher of the Black Rod, and a popular officer. So soon as Russia unveiled her ambitious designs, our policy was clearly defined. To protect Turkey in her resistance to an unlawful attack, which compromised the general equilibrium —to endeavour to constrain, by an imposing union of every will, the Cabinet of St. Peters burg to renounce an enterprise condemned by public conscience, to collect eventually into one " fascia ' the strength of Europe, threatened, an it was, by one and the same danger—such was the line of conduct we proposed to ourselves to follow, and which the Government of her Britannic Majesty adopted in conjunction with us. Notwithstanding the slight differences of the situations and the march of events, we did hope, that during the course ef last year the object of our efforts would be at tained. The conferences had been opened at Vienna, and the choice alone of that capital, as the spot where we could discuss topics with Austria and Prussia was a sufficient indication that France and England, far from supposing they could dispense with Germany, desired, on the contrary, to come to an understanding with her ; to make her, in some measure, the judge of the debate, and in every case not to settle it without her knowledge, nor to her detriment. Never, I believe, have two such important belligerent Powers been seen to evoke the solemn declaration of an opi nion on the merits of their cause, when already their armies were charged with the maintaining of it, from other powers equally of the first order, but which had remained free as to their resolutions, and intimately connected hitherto with their adversary. Be that as it may, if France and England have ren dered homage to the spirit of conciliation that a long peace had caused to prevail on every important occasion between the great states since 1815, one can say that the first protocols of the conference have been, as it were, the preamble of an European sentence pronounced against Russia ; and they need only be read over again, in order to see that those very protocols contained in ad dition the bases of an effective alliance between all the parties that had signed them. The force ef things would of itself lead from theory to practice. It was not pos sible, if that expression be permitted me, that the di plomacy of the Berlin and Austrian Cabinets should con tinue to be always in a state of consulation, and the moment soon arrived when it was requisite to withdraw or to act. It was at that period that a divergence exhi bited itself between the two great German courts. Prussia has ceased to have herself represented at the conferences, and if, as she pretends, her refusal to assist at them has not been formally announced, it is at least certain, and the absence of her signature at the foot of the notes of August S proves it, that she no longer considered it incumbent on her to put her acts and words into , complete harmony with the acts and words of Austria. _ This situation has become atilt worse, and the treaty of Dec. 2 was concluded. The adhesion of the Berlin Cabinet to that convention was specially reserved, and the Goversunent of the Emperor has neglected nothing in order to obtain it. Like its allies, it has observed every prudential nicety of form capable of determining the acceesion of the Prusanan court. Its efforts have hitherto remained ineffectual, and the present attitude of that court seems to justify the conviction that its re serve may not really depend on any diplomatic question of etiquette, but on some order of ideas that is not shared by England, or France, or Austria. It is in this point of view that the affair is grave for the German confede ration, and it is solely in this light that I wish to exa• mine it with you. Notwithstanding the most sincere and assiduous wishes of the Western Powers, a moral scission has been effected between Austria and Prussia ; and by this act the union of Germany is compromised, which would have been promoted by the harmony of these taro courts. That harmony can only be re-established and strengthened by the firmness and intelligence of the other members of the confederation. The Diet 1 has to choose between these two appreciations ; Aus tria, who only demands a defensive assistance, believes the hour is come for preparing to grant it. She alleges the general state of things, the concentration of Russian troops on her frontiers, the obligations that arise horn her occupation of 'Wallachia, and which a movement similar to the one that took place recently in the Do brutcha may render instantaneously executory. Lastly, she argues that Russia's acceptance of a basis for nego tiations is not yet tantamount to a certainty of peace. Prussia, on the contrary, declares that she is full of confidence in the sentiments that animate the cabinet of St. Petersburg; and that it is hence superfluous to make provision against chimerical attacks. . . God forbid, sir, that I should accuse the intentions of any person, but I may be permitted to observe that between moral assurances and material facts, between conjectures and certainties, if a contradiction does exist, the simplest and the wisest plan is to act in consonance with what all the world is enabled to judge of in the same man ner. Is it not true that a large Russian army, ready to take the field, is stationed in Poland, and along the frontiers of Gedlicia and Transylvania ? Is it not true that an incident threatens to bring the Austrians and the Russians into collision on the banks of the Pruth or of the Lower Danube ! Is it not true that the rela tions between the Cabinets of Vienna and St. Peters burg are of the most delicate nature ! Can it be said, in short, that the opinion of a speedy restoration of peace is generally credited ! Is it even sure that the acceptance announced by Prince Gortchakoff is such as was at first believed ! To put these questions is to solve them, and to justify at the same time all the de mands that Austria addresses to her confederates. I have, sir, nothing further to allude to except two griev ances complained of by the Cabinet of Berlin : it has not been regularly made acquainted with the negotia tions, and there is the appearance of excluding her in future from the European concert. On the first point I shall simply observe that if some important eats have been concluded without the partici pation of Prussia, it is because she voluntarily isolated herself from the powers that desired, and still desire, nothing more sincerely thaa to coins to a good under standing with her. The majority is the law of all associations, as confi dence is the animating essence of them. Prussia has not desired to maintain herself, and advance, on the ground that France, England, and Austria took up with greater resolution than she did. It was her right, I admit ; but for the instant she used that right she sepa rated herself from the others, and their right was as suredly no longer to combine with her their plans of conduct, and no longer to admit her into the confidence of their ulterior designs. These principles are ele mentary. As for the European concert, it has been habitually for the last forty years formed by five powers. Never theless, four of these powers, in one of the preceding phases of the Eastern question, united without France. The concert was not re-established until after the inci dent that gave rise to the treaty of July 13. An ana logous fact may th0r0f,,..., ....41,......4 ....••••,noly, b. ”r.- - duced under actual circumstances. In order to take part in a debate, the party must be entitled, but the only title Prussia invokes is her quality of great power. It is not we, air, who shall ever dispute the rank of the Berlin cabinet ; but there are in this world no rights without their correlative duties, and in general we do net treat on the conditions of peace unless wo hare waged war, or at least have accepted the eventuality of taking an active part in it. Is that Prussia's position I Has she made her elec tion between the belligerent parties ? Is she in alliance with Russia or with us ? Until she has come to a deci sion, she authorises every kind of supposition, and spon taneously shuts herself out from the conferences. Can the treaty of July 13, 1841, serve in any way to open for her the access to them One of two things is clear : either this treaty, by rea son of its preamble, has a very serious political signifi cation, or else it sanctions in its articles of detail only a rule, a tradition of the Ottoman Government. In a word, Europe either wished to give to Turkey a real guarantee, or has merely contrived for France an honourable opportunity of re-entering the European concert. For my own par‘ I declare at once that it is the for mer interpretation we have taken up ; and it is espe cially as signatariee of the treaty of July 13, 1841, that we were induced to aid in the defence of the Sultan. If Prussia recognises in that act, to which she subscribed, the value we attribute to it, we have then good grounds for saying that she has declined the obligations it im posed upon her, and that if she persists in her abstention so much to be regretted, she loses the right of partici pating in the revision of the treaty, which it is pleasure either not to execute, or to reduce to insignificant pro portions. There would remain only for us the finding of the means, at the end of the negotiations, of coming t o an understanding with the Cabinet o f Berlin respecting the only part of the convention of July 13, that may have any value in her eyes ; that is to say , respecting the re, gulation for the passage of ships of war through the Boa phorus and the Dardanelles, or concerning the closing of these straits. And the Government of the Emperor s for its part, would very willingly join in any combina tion calculated, on the one hand, to give to Prussia gystfantees equivalent to those she obtained in 1841, and on *be ether band to cause her to resume a place that we bare incessantly begged her to occupy, with the risks and advantages attached to it. I think then, sir, I have shown that the Cabinet of Berlin can only blame herself for the position she has created but which she ca n alwa ys modify. Nor do I think the secondary states of Germany, as it appears they are invited to do, can accuse us of having wished indi rectly to diminish the importance of their confederation TATTERSALL'S. (THIS EVENING.) LITERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. 8 to 1 agst Trout (taken) 12 to 1 apt Miss Mowbray (taken) 12 to 1 apt Bastion (taken) 15 to 1 aget Dalkeith (taken) Taffy is scratched. GREAT METROPOLITAN STAKES. 8 to 1 *gat Pharos,laa (takes) 13 to 1 agat Fandango (taken) THE TWO TROLISAND. 3 to 1 agst St. Hubert (taken) 4 to 1 agst Bonnie Morn (taken) 4 to 1 aget Lord of the Isles (taken freely) 10 to 1 agst Polydore (taken) CHESTER CUP. 15 to 1 agst Andover (taken) 40 to 1 apt Bright Phoebus (taken) e 0 to 1 agst Weathercock (taken) 8 to 1 eget St. DERBY. Hubert (t a ken and offered)ll to 1 agst Lord of the Isles (take 12 to 1) 15 to 1 aget Grseculus Esuriens (offered) 20 to 1 agst Ouiston (taken) 22 to 1 aget Bonnie Morn (taken) 45 to 1 agst Rambling Katie (taken) 50 to 1 agst Vexation colt (taken) 6 to 1 agst St. Hubert and Oulston (taken) ° Lind s teeplechases will take pl ace on Wednesday Thursdayand ie next. A teleraph despatch announces the death g Graverer d, Bishop of Quirsper, Rhich event took — plac e yesterday mousing in the epuscopal palace of hi e diocese. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 5, 1855. The !;rosps who embarked on board the Severn at South ampton on Friday, although no preparations had been made previous to their arrival for their being immedi ately supplied with food, were, through the exertions of Captain Vincent and Mr. Barnes, provided with an ample meal about an hour after they bad all embarked. There being no beds on board, the poor fellows lay dur ing the night in the bare berths. • ••• - RECRUITS AND THEIR DISCHARGE. The following circular has been issued from the Horse Guards, dated Jan. 31 : " Memorandum.—The General Commanding-in-Chief directs it to be notified that whenever recruits are per mitted to purchase their discharge, before leaving the dis tricts in which they were enlisted, or at any period pre vious to their final approval, the portion of bounty still unpaid is to be deducted from the regulated amount of compensation, whatever may be the rate of bounty at the time. "In all such cases, however, the superintending officer and party will be entitled to the same remuneration and reward as if the recruit had actually joined his regiment, and been finally approved. "By command of the General Commanding-in-Chief, " G. A. WITHERALL, Adjutant-General." RAILWAY INTBLLIGENOE. GREAT WESTERN. It is intended to propose, at the general meeting of this company on the 15th inst., the mode and conditions of raising the capital (1,000,0001.) authorised to be created for completing the works of the Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth Railway, and other undertakings lee longing to or purchased by the company. An agree ment for the joint working of the Cornwall Railway, when constructed between Plymouth and Truro, under a lease to the Great Western and two other companies, will be submitted for the consideration and approval of the proprietors. Tho meeting will also be made special to consider and determine the provisions of an agreement entered into with the directors of the Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction Rail way Company, for working the traffic ever the lines of railway belonging to that company, upon terms and con ditions specified therein, and for an option to take the railway within a limited period, subject to the sanction of Parliament. SOUTII-EASTERN. The fellow*: circular has been issued to the pro• prietors of - the South-Eastern Railway by Mr. James Macgregor It is my' duty to inform you that my terns in office as one of year directors expires in March, and that I have not the intontioa to offer myself as a candidate fer re election. "You wil]l have at your disposal my seat at the board, and the seats also of three of the directors whose term in office.likewil e expires in March, and it will be ohvious to you, as the le toarcl consists of nine directors, that the four new directors whom you may choose to elect, combining with any em. of the five directors who remain in office, will be enaltled by their majority of votes to control the affairs of the company. " I therefe re earnestly hepo that in the election to the four vacant o sate it may be your good fortune to secure the services of gentlemen of capacity, intelligence, and integ rity, to conduct your affairs, and that you will not lose the cpportunity cif placing the management in hands worthy of so great a tra et. " I must s tate to you that I have viewed. the present management with the gravest regret ; let me plead as my excuse fer making this observation more than ten years' arduous and faithful service in your interest, and sincere wishes for y e ur prosperity. " I return my sincere thanks for the great kindness and confidence I .have received at the hands of the proprietors for so many years.* BRISTOL AND EXETER. A special meeting of this company is to be held on the 22ri inst., fce:c the purpose of censidering a bill now be fore Parhaul ent to enable the company to raise further sums of mo - a ey, to acquire additional lands, to lease or purchase th.e.: Somerset Central and North Devon Rail ways, aid t o hold additional shares in the Exeter and Crediton R s.ilway. It is also intended to submit to the proprietors :for their consideration and approval an agree ment for th se joint working of the Cornwall Railway, when const.,? acted, between Plymouth and Truro, under a lease there:of to the Great Western, the Bristol and Exeter, and. the South Devon Railway Companies, sub ject to cart: ti a conditions. SOUTH DEVON. The doul)He line of railway from Newton to Totnes, on the Son th Devon line, has been completed, and tra velled over by the directors and officials, previously to its being o t ! 'ened for traffic. This piece of double line will prove very convenient to passengers, inasmuch as frequent de lays at both the Newton and Totnes sta tions have occurred from one train being detained at these statiot (5 respectively until the arrival of another train travel! ing between the two places. Although the weather hal been very severe lately, the South Devon lin!, is in ye ry good order. MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLN. SHIRE. The halferrearly meeting of this company_was held on Friday, at t he Palatine Hotel, Manchester ; the Eight Hon. the E srl of Yarborough presiding. The half- , yearly reports and accounts have already ap peared in he Sun. The CID.P.B,MAN congratulated the meeting on having to receive I rem the directors a snore favourable report than had be en presented to them on some previous oc casions. The revenue of the railways of this company for the pas half-year showed an inercase if 29,7251. on the corresponding half-year of 1853, and. of 1461. on the canals ; anal the increase of net revenue was 27,4001. The railws (y . increase included the London and North- Western guarantee, but he was happy to say that it had be en a very small amount this half-year, the amicable arrangements which had been entered into having aided this company in so increasing its traffic as to bring it almost up to the proportion secured under the agreement with their ally. The gross reve nue from all sources for the year 1854 amounted to 610,0161. against 458,7061. in the previous year ; the net riven se being 217,1351. in the year 1854 against 182,9581. i'ee the previous year. The increase of passen gers in the past half year had been 87,807 ; and the company heed carried 409,576 tons of goods, including 95,136 ton s on toll over short distances of the line. Deducting ithia, the increase in merchandise traffic pro per was 2,3,892 tens, or 15,1161. in money receipt. Whilst the revenue had increased in this degree, the total expo isditure on the railways and canals had been 149,2591, i ei the past half-year, against 146,8071. in the correspond Log half of 1853, showing an increase of only 2,452/. IC4) thought the company had made very satis factory proi;ress, all things considered ; but now, when they seemed to have turned the corner on the road to prosperity, he regretted to see that there were diffe rences of opinion as to the disposal of the available sur plus, The re was a disposable balance of 131,1851., and after taking th s opinion of the members of the late preference arrears' committee, and of Mr. Buller, the eminent counsel, t he directors had recommended that, after pay ing the in terest and dividend on the 61. shares, deferred dividend warrants should be issued for half a year's dividend, at 7 per cent. on the 101. shares, and of 2s. 6d, per ICIOI. stock on the No.l Quarters and old shares, But au eim parte injunction had been obtained, restrain ing them from carrying this recommendation into effect, and the d irectors would therefore propose, after dispos ing of the other business before them, that this meeting should be adjourned till the 4th April, by which time the result of the application would be seen. The direc tors of thi.9 company had had very important discussions with the 1:4; incashire and Yorkshire, and North-Eastern Companie s, with a view of putting an end to duplicate expenses s vad needless competition ; and an agreement was in th main settled for a division of traffic. The directors had under consideration the practicability of reducing t he heavy engineering and permanent way ex penditure, and he believed the result of their delibera.- tuella would be satisfactory to the shareholders. The rel s ort having been moved and seconded, Mr. W ()OD move an amendment to the effect that the parag i aph in the report, referring to the hiring and charterin gof vessels, be erased. He said that, by the powers n ew sought by the company, they would become a steam-s ;lipping company as well tes a railway coin f any. Mr. Jo iItDINM seconded the amendment. The C [AI MAN explained that they did not seek to purchase, only to hire vessels, and considering the diffi culty of obtaining vessels at the present time he thought it was ne ,teseary they should possess those powers after the mone y they had already spent in their docks. The ar esndment was negatived by an overwhelming majority. b Ann, •f Stockport, then proposed successive atnendrnt ruts for the erasure of paragraphs in the report in favour of the capitalisation of arrears on preference shares. The amendments were negatived, and the report adopted, with only three dissentients. The s ernaining business was uninteresting in detail. The divi( /end on the 61. Preference shares was declared ; a &umbel! of Wares forfeited on which arrears were owing ; I ifessrs. Chapman and Turner were re-elected directors :; Messrs. C. Hindley, M.P., and Shand (of Liverpool.) were elected directors in place of Messrs. Peto and Geach ; Mr. Edward Unwin was re-elected auditor ; and the meeting then adjourned to the 4th April. LED BRADFORD, AND HALIFAX JUNG TION. The eighth general meeting of the shareholders in the Leeds, B.sadford, and Halifax Junction Railway Com pany was held on Friday, at the new statioa ii Adol phus-streirt, Bradford. The attendance was numerous. In the absence of the chairman (Edw. Akroyd, Esq. , of Denton 3Fark, in consequence of indisposition), Will. Walker, 3Esq., of Bowling Hall, Bradford, presided. He said, that though the business was of a formal character, yet it rnif„:ht be proper to express the satisfaction which they felt with regard to the progress of the works of their railway generally. With the exception of the Bradford station, the several stations and tie warehouries on the line were all in a very for ward state, and would shortly be quite completed. He believed that the general working (sf the line was now becoming very satisfactory to the public. The report of the directors stated that the following directors retired that day—Edward Akroyd, Esq., C. Akroyd, Esq., S. Waterhouse, Esq., and J. Heaton, Esq. ; 01.51 the delay in the construction of the intended new station at Bradford had prevented its being u.A.d for passenger traffic ; but the progress of the work is now being accelerated ; and that the directors have he assurance of the engineer that the goods traffic may nc .w be commenced with there. The accounts showed th,at the total receipts of capital account on the main an d branch lines had been 254,7551., all of which had bees a expended with the exception of 7,2731. deposits for valuations of land, 6,1051. debts due to the company, and 571. cash in hand. The Ardsley Extension account I showed 6,3581. receipts, 3,7671. Parliamentary expenses, I 2,5281. balance in bank, 631. debts due to the company. The roport was carried unanimously. Edward Akroyd, Esq., C. Akroyd, Esq., Samuel Waterhouse, Esq., and John Heaton, Esq., were re elected directors for the ensuing year. The thanks of the meeting were presented to the re tiring auditors, James Dixon, Esq., and S. Anderton, Esq., and they were re-elected. The CHAIRMAN stated that as the accounts had not been returned from the clearing-house, they were that day unable to declare a dividend. This difficulty would be obviated in future by holding the meetings in the last Friday in February instead of the first. The present meeting would also have to be adjourned to another day, in order to declare a dividend. A rote of thanks to the chairman closed the proceed ings. MEETINGS OF THE WEEK. The railway meetings of the week, although net nu merous, have presented facts of interest. The dividend of the Brighton Company of 3L 4s, per cent. has been confirmed, and the report adopted. The Crystal Palace traffic is stated to have yielded satisfactory results, while the other topics discussed included the depression occa sioned by the war, the high prices of provisions, and the unfavourable state of the money market. The report of the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway has been agreed to, but the recommendations connected with the disposal of the available balance cannot be im mediately carried out, owing to pending legal proceed ings. The North Staffordshire dividend has been de- Blared at the rate of 3i per cent., and the next increase under the guarantee of the London and North , Western will be to 4 per cent. The opposition to the amalgamation bill has diminished, but still there are influential parties endeavouring to defeat it. At the Llanelly Railway and Dock meeting, an im provement was reported to have taken place in the com pany's affairs, and when the whole line shall have been completed the revenue will, it is expected, increase. The dividends at the rate of 5 per cent. on the new shares and 1 per cent. on the old shares, have been de dared, and the directors have received authority to raise money on debentures. The dividend of the Paris and Rouen Company is 37f. 50c. per share, which with the previous payment of 27f. 50c. makes a total of 65f. The report is considered favourable, and the amalgamation of the Western and North-Western lines has been com pleted. At the Middlesborough and Guisbocough meeting the guaranteed dividend, at the rate of 4 nor cent., was announced, and the double line of rails is stated to have been nearly completed. The dividend of the Kendal and Windermere is 6s. 3d. per share, less income-tax, and a small balance has been carried to the reserve fund. The report of the Grand Central of France is regarded as encouraging. The available receipts would allow a dividend •f sf. 47c. per share, but it cannot be distri buted, since, according to the 19th clause of the deed, the profits daring the period the line remains incom plete are to be appropriated to the payment of the inte rest of 4 per cent. guaranteed on the paid-up capital for the construction of works. A project for a metropolitan railway from Paddington to the Post-office, an act in relation to which was obtained last session, has been brought forward. The estimated outlay is 1,209,000/., on which a return of 121 per cent. has been calculated. A feature in the subscription for shares is the payment of an immediate deposit to test the responsibility of the various applicants. A line from Lisieux to Honfieur has also been projected, the route being by the Pont l'Eveque. In this case the total cost is estimated at 360,0001., and the return 7 yea. cent. APPOINTMENTS. Captain George T. Gordon (1846), to the Victory, flag-ship, at Portsmouth, vice Oaptain John Dalrymple Hay, Commanders—Thomas Brower (1852), and John O'Bathurst (1863), as agents for transports in the Black Sea. Lieutenants-T. M. S. Pasley (1850), from the Impe rious*, 51, screw steam-frigate, and Thomas H. B. Fel losses (1852), from the Odin, 16, paddle-wheel steam frigate, at Woolwich, to be additional Lieutenants in the Royal Albert, 121, screw steam-skip, in the Black Sea. Master James Hill (1845), to the Pembroke, 60, screw steam-ship, at Portsmouth. Surgeons-William Smith, M.D. (1845), recently pro motes from Assistant-Surgeon of tie Conway, 14, flag ship, at Cork, to the Ariel, screw steam-ship, at Ports mouth ; Henry Liddell (1841), from the Cressy, 80, screw steam-ship, at Sheerness, to the Waterloo, 120, flag-ship, at the same port ; James Vaughan (1841) to the Cressy, vice Liddell. Paymasters-Joiners R. Andrews (1846) to the Hast ings; G. F. C. Bateman (1847) to the Arrogant, 46, screw steam-frigate, at Portsmouth ; George A. Lance (1844) to the Cornwallis, 60, screw steam-ship, at Devon port ; S. L. L. Giles (1846), from the Nankin, 50, at Chatham, to the Hawke, 60, screw steam-ship, at the same port ; John E. Broomall (1846), recently serving in the Arethusa, 50, to the Russell, 60, screw steam ship, at Sheerness; Herbert Johnston (1851), from the Benbow, 72, prisoa-shig, at Sheerness, to the Centaur paddle-wheel steam-frigate, at Portsmouth. Assistant-Surgeons-George T. Jones (1851), recently serving in the Bonet* 3, brigantine, on the south-east coast of America station, to the Cenway, 14, flagship, at Cork, vice Smith, promoted ; Robert Sproule, M.D. (1851), recently serving in the Monarch, 84, to the Orion, 91, screw steam-ship, at Chatham ; Julian W. Slight (1846), from the St. Vincent guzrdship of ordi nary, at Portsmouth, to the Dee, paddle-wheel steam store and troop ship, at Woolwich ; Robert F. Cullen, (1840) to the St. Vincent, vice Slight. Clerks.-E. J. Giles (1854), from the Edinburgh, 60, screw steam-ship, to the Pembroke, 60, screw steam ship, at Portsmouth ; John Wagstaff to the Hastings, 60. screw steam-ship, at Portsmouth. Clerk's-Assistant R. W. Parish, to the Himalaya, screw steam tsoop.ship. Naval Cadet W. P. Barrow from the Dragon, paddle wheel steam-frigate, to the Odin, 16, p a ddl e - w h ee l steam frigate, at Woolwich. Second-Master James Milton (1848), serving in the Apollo store-ship en the Mediterranean station, is pro moted to be Master. FURTHER EXPERIMENTS WITH THE LANCASTER GUN. Further experiments with the Lancaster gun, ordered to be supplied to the Royal Sappers and Miners, have afforded much gratification to the Leo, as it is fonid effective at 1,000 yards range, and upwards, when the men become acquainted with it, THE MAURITIUS. The General Screw Steam-shipping Company's fine screw transport Mauritius, Captain Stewart, went along side Portsmouth deokyard on Saturday afternoon to land her invalided and wounded soldiers, their wives and children, and passengers. Dr. Odell, the newly-ap pointed staff-surgeon of Portsmouth Garrison, with the Brigade Major and attendants, went on board, and ' noted the most urgent cases for removal ; and these, 10 in number, were speedily released from between decks, and removed to hospital quarters. The women and chil dren were rentored in omnibuses to the Camber Hos pital, especially prepared for them. Bit while this was going on a "difficulty " arose ; nothing less than a mu tiny of the ship's crew ; on hearing that it was contem plated to send the ship to Chatham, they struck, and refused to work. Captain Stewart, with the utmost promptitude, had them mustered, and read to them the articles they had signed, whereby it was clear they were bound to go in the ship wherever ordered during the term of the contract (12 months.) To this they paid no heed, aid some saucy remarks were made, ending with cheers as they went forward. They ultimately went over the side, and most of them escaped out of the dock yard before they could be stopped by an order from Captain Stewart despatched to the police at the dock yard gate. On a muster of the residue afterwards taking place on the poop, only about 20 answered to the call, and eight only out of 28 able seamen remained faithful to their articles. A telegraphic intimation of this state of things was made at once to the Horse Guards through the Ad miral Superintendent, asking for directions how to dispose of the invalids in this emergency; but, although the reply was received in the course of the evening by the military authorities, those on board the ship had heard of none up to 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon ; meanwhile, there the sick lay, to the number of about 110, on board with out a crew, except about half a dozen hands, even the firemen having st ruc k. It will be asked, probably, why this ship, being under contract with the Crown, and her crew under articles binding them for one year's service, was not at once manned by a maa-of-war crew, and her deserters meanwhile hunted up and brought to justice by the authorities ? Yesterday (Sunday) those men belonging to the Royal Artillery and Royal Sappers and Miners disembarked, and joined quarters in Ports mouth Garrison. The remainder will disembark this morning at 7 o'clock, and proceed by express train at half-past S for Chatham, by the London, Brighton, South Coe., and North Kent Railway, the Guardsmen going t• London by the same train. Captain Barlow gild Assistant-Surgeon Brown go round with them, and each man will he provided before starting with a plen tiful and substantial hot breakfast and rations to take with him, also a blanket each, and straw will be strewn on the floors of the carriage for their comfort in travel ling, Each arrival of sick at Portsmouth since the first unfortunate cargo (the Himalaya's) has received a pro gressive amount'of attention and consideration from all the Government authorities. On Saturday they had not to land from the ship on to the muddy jetty, but that space was clean swept of its dirty load of half-melted snow and sludge, and a liberal sprinkling of saw-dust tank it. piste*, fArruin2-, hmis in appearance and experi ence, a most striking an d agreea ble contrast to former " receptions." [To w h om are the poor gallant sufferers and others indebted fur this 'l] The sick and wounded were men from the following : —Scots Fusilier Guarda, 7th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 23d Royal Welsh Fusiliers, 30th, 33d, 41st, 42d, 49th, Rifle Brigade, Royal Artillery, 44th, Grenadier Guards, 28th, 63d, 96th, 49th, BSth, 3Sth, 34th, 48th, 57th, 14th—in all 112 men, 86 women, and 97 children. The Mauritius will, by the aid of a new crew, proceed to Southampton to refit. THE FOREIGN LEGION. The Foreign Legion will assemble for drill, &c., at Heligoland, and Lieutenant Lempriere, with a detach ment of Royal Sappers and Miners, will leave Wool wich for Heligoland in the early part of the present week, to erect huts for their accommodation. AUGMENTATION OF THL ROYAL ENGINEERS. An 'augmentation of half a battalion of Royal En gineers and 500 Royal Sappers and Miners is ordered to take place immediately, which will give four compa nies of 120 ion-commissioned officers and men in etch. The company at Corfu is also to be made up to 120. ENGINEERS FOR THE CRIMEA. . Six engineers, four boilermakers, and two smiths, left the steam factory in Portsmouth dockyard (under the the superintendence of Mr. Andrew Murray) on Friday for service at Constantinople, in the repair of the steam machinery of thy► British fleet, under the direction of Mr. Thomas Baker, the Inspector of Machinery to the fleet. These men are to be paid, we are informed, 12s. per diem, and double pay for all work done after 8 p. m . If so, they are much better treated than the engineers of the fleet at home. THE TRANSPORTS. The great screw steam-ship Crcesus will be roady to receive troops at Portsmouth to-day, consisting of dranghts to form the depot at Malta—the 7th, 19th, 23d, 2 Sth, 77th ; and will tike in tite 34th at Plymouth. The chartered steam transport Severn received on board at Southampton on Saturday the following addi tion to her hospital stores, which, either from negligence or forgetfulness, had not been forwarded for shipment until it was discovered they were not on board a few hours before the time at which it was intended to des patch the vessel :--1,80 0 blankets, 900 hammocks, 50 beds, 50 pillows, 280 hospital beds, and 450 pairs of clews. She left Southampton direct for Cork on Sunday, Dr. Schuyler, of the Royal Mail Company, and fo rmer l y of the Severn, re t a ining the duties of principal medical and surgical officer. After embarking more troops, the Severn will proceed from Cork direct to the Crimea, INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, On the evening of Tuesday last—James Simpson, Esq., president, in the chair—a communication was read from the Society of Arts, intimating that their seventh annual exhibition of inventions would shortly be opened, and asking the co-operation of the members of the institution in procuring specimens, models, and drawings of novel combinations, recent improvements in machinery, or new articles of manufacture. _ _ Translations were read of letters received from M. Eugene Flachat, on the part of the Society of Civil En gineers of Paris, and M. Molinos, a member of that body, offering facilities to the members of the Institution of Civil Engineers of London daring the occurrence of the -Univer sal Exhibition in Paris in May next. It had been decided that special and detailed descriptions of the articles exhi bited, and the results arrived at, by members of various committees, should be published. Those reports would be read and discussed at the meetings of the society, and the members of the Institution of Civil Engineers were invited collectively and individually to attend and take part in the diseassions, and to avail themselves of the facilities offered by the kindred society in Paris. The paper read was " A Description of the Iron Roof, in one span, over the Joint Railway Station, New-street, Bir mingham," by Mr. J. Phillips. The inconvenience to the traffic ' arising from the columns supporting a series of small roofs, had long been felt, and the first step was the substi tution of two parallel roofs over the up and down lines, as in most of the continental stations ; when, however, the traffic increased to such an extraordinary extent as it had done, especially in some great terminal stations, or where a lumber of lines converged, further facilities became im perative, and single roofs covering the station in one span were adopted ; that over the Lime-street station, at Liver- ' pool, of 153 feet Span, constructed by Mr. Turner, of Dub lin, being an early and fine specimen. In the New-street station at Birmingham, upon ft com paratively limited extent of ground, situated between the extremities of two tunnels, there was concentrated the traffic of five lines of railway ; therefore it was essential to avoid any impediment to free circulation, and it was de cided to cover the space by one reef of 840 feet long by 212 feet at its widest part, which was at one end, and by judi cious management the various parts of each truss were re duced in such proportion that the tapering of the whole structure could scarcely be perceived. The roof consisted of 36 curved principals if wrought ken, placed at intervals of 24 feet, and the height of the chord-line was fixed at 33 feet from the level of tie rails to the springing of the principals, which were attached to the pillasters forming part of the front of the hotel, whilst the other ends rested on iron columns 2 feet diameter, and varying from 30 feet to 35 feet in height ; these latter weighed about 51 tons each ; they rested on concrete bases, bat were not belted down, and they carried on their upper extremities a frame of wrought-iron rollers to facilitate the motion of the outer foot of each tress, the inner foot being firmly fixed on a stone bed in the wall. The average weight of each principal was 25 tons ; they were built of wrought-iron plates 15 in. sleep by 11.16ths inch thick, with angle-irons rivetted on each side of the upper and lower edges, so as to form flinches 12 11-16ths inches in width and inch in thickness. Each tie bar, which when in its place had a versed sine of 20 feet, was composed of round iron 4 inches diameter in 12 pieces, meeting in screwed boxes at the foot of each of the struts, which were each made of four angle irons, bowed out at the centre of their height, and kept apart by bellow cast-iron straining pieces, bolted between the angle-irons. The diagonal ties met also at the ends of the struts. _ _ The purlius were of timber five inches square, trussed by a tension tie-rod and straining piece, bolted to cast-iron shoes at both ends. They, rested on e back of the raf ters, butting on each other endwise, at intervals of eight feet ; and there were numerous wind ties one and a half inch in diameter, springing from the foot of every other arch, and running diagonally to the other side of the roof. The centre was composed of an elevated lanthern of glass on the top and iron louvres at the sides, extending the en tire length of the roof ; and parallel on each side, to the same extent, was s skylight 54 feet deep, giving 128,000 square feet of glass, or nearly one-half the superficial area of the roof, the remainder being covered with galvanised sheet iron corrugated. Each sad was terminated by a gable screen of wood, glazed, and suspended from the end truss ; the glass throughout was Sated plate, about 3-16ths inch in thick ness, rolled in pieces of 6 feet long by 16 inches wide, and about 115 tons were used. _ _ The important parts of the roof were proved before leaving the works of the constructors; one principal being loaded with a weight equal to 40lbs. per superficial foot, exclusive of its own weight. The total load was 90 tons, under which the deflection was 3 5-16ths inches—the ex tension of the foot upon rollers being 2} inches, and of the other foot li' inch, and after the trial no permanent set could be detected. Other and more stringent tests showed the roof to be amply strong and stiff. Detail■ were given of the moveable scaffolding, raised en a stage, extending the entire width of the .tatio., le beuli manner that the traffic of the line could be carried on, whilst tie reef was in course of construction. The stages were rep oved. onward as required, and the whole of the principals and ether parts wore raised and fixed by sheer legs, without the occurrence of any casualty. Tie finishing of the last principal was completed on the anniversary of fixing the first column ; the total weight of iron raised being 1,00 tons; the number of squares, mea sured on plan, was L 705; the cost, including 320 squares of ridge and furrow roofing, of spans from 45 feet to 188 feet, was 32,274/., or 181. per square ; this expense mild not, however, be received as for the present price of iron, the roof having been executed when materials and labour were mach less costly. The greatest amount of expansion that had been re corded was shown to be '545 inch for upwards of 31 de grees of variation of temperature. Details were appended of the scantling of all parts of the roof, which was con• 'traded by Messrs. Fox, Henderson, and Co., under the direction of Mr. W. Baker (M. Inst. C.E.), the engineer for the railway company ; the designs for the roof being made by Mr. E. A. Cowper (Assoc. Inst. C.E.), and the moveable scaffolding designed by Mr. J. Phillips, who had charge of the general constriction and fixing, Mn. 0. SMITH. The frequenters of the A.delphi Thea tre will learn with regret that this popular actor expired, at his lodgings in the Strand, on Thursday last, after a long and painful illness. The " grim initial"—as Leigh Hunt once called it—prefixed to his name was assumed by him in consequence of the fame which he acquired in the well-known piece of Obi, or Three-fingered Jack; and it, no doubt, served to indicate his peculiar talent, not only in this especial part, but in all others of an analogous character. For upwards of 20 years he has been an im portant member of theAdelphiTheatre, having joined the company during the partnership of Matthews and Yates, and never having, that we remember, once seceded from it. As a delineator of the mysterious and supernatural Mr. Smith had no equal upon the stage. His tall figure, strongly-marked features, and sepulchral voice were all in favour of the peculiar line to which he ad dressed himself ; and the mimic world of demons, ruffians, and sce/ercds generally, will lose a representa tive whose place cannot easily be supplied. Mr. Smith in private life was a man of simple and inoffensive man ner,. He was a zealous book-collector, and the posses sor of many scarce works in connection with the stag. and its history ; and few will be more missed by the "old booksellers" who live is the nooks and corners of the metropolis, and who deal exclusively in the curiosi ties of their trade. The specie arrivals of the week have amounted to about 500,0001. The exports, including those by the Indus, are estimated at about 300,0001. A meeting of the creditors of Mr. John Attwood, who failed in the iron trade in April, 1853, with nominal liabilities for 500,00 1 ., is appointed for Friday next, at Dudley. 7.4 RE COUNTRY - , akthaiNGTON CORN I,IAB,ICET—F OI ' 2 01 WHEAT. BARLEY W l ', 461 First .7Bs Od 34s 6d 32g O'', gd Second 6Bs 8d 32s 9d. 28g 9 _ ,( 1 0 Third sBs Od 28s 6d 96s VI ,:i 49-. , ~,, 4/ 0 Total quantity of wheat in market, 4 622 0 41 barley „ 7 qrs., 51 81 ~ ~ PP ~ oats PP 559 q rs., 6 . 11 beans P I ~ PP 81 cir g ' , AVERAGES PER IMPERIAL QUARTO.. 9: Wheat, 3/. 8 8 1 -12ths I Barley, ... 11 . 12 '9, 2 Oats, ... 11. 8 9 5-12ths I Beaus,' .....21. 5 - 1 , DALKRITH GRAIN 3 1 111.RIKBT --0511 Qrg. Best. Current. 6 0 321 Wheat 723 Oil ...... 005 ocl ........ . 1459 Oats 3os 4(1.........00s ocl. ...... 11; 772 Barley 3ss ......... 005 ......... 30 Peas & beans 465 01 ....... _ 60s ........ ABERDEEN—FEB. 2. tis Potato oats 2 2 3 4 : 6 6 d d to to 2 2 4 5 : 0 6 ,1 1 Common oats Bero 4OllO P IT b 30s OctOd to 31.5. 0 61 } 0 b. '' Barley Os ed to 30 s .. , , Wheat, red (spring)sBs Od to 61s Od 1 J 621bs i p white 67s Od to 70s Od boll. OaLeal 18s Od to 19s Id P°r .. e k, Flour 54s Od to 56 s O d Per "' ~. RETAIL PRICES. .0, OIG Flour Os Od to 3s Od Barley flour , ' „ill Oatmeal, 141 b Os Od to 2s Od ~ dust, ...'" .. I I lioremoal Os Od to is 10d ~ per lb ......... .0 Peasemeal Os Od to 2s Bcl Sids, ............ 00.0 w ~,Cfl PROVISIO N MARKET. p Beef, per lb 6d to 9d Butter, p lb• 0 , gatii i , Mutton, per lb. 6d to 9d Eggs, P clq so 0,1 1 ° 31 1 Veal, per lb. ...... ..8d to 10d Hens, p Pa ar b i 0: 11* i Pork, per lb 6d to 8d Chickens,d9. o , 00 0 1 Salmon, per lb Os to Os Ducks, cl ° l o oi OdP l Grouse, per brace Os to Os I D uc klings 4J 00,j; Tallow, p stone, 12s to 12s 6d Turkeys, o °' c l, OilLti Potatoes, pot. peck, 9d to 10d Geese, 04,.011'iif Butter for exportation (present curl) P er ..... " Eggs, wholesale price, per dozen ...... • .... ';ii. 4-lb. 10af...9d. i 2-lb. loaf•••,„"3i J. Cheese, per imperial atone, 3° ' 0 4 0 ' D ÜBLIN, FEB. s'. 0 17 -4 White wheat, 4ls Oct to 43s Od ; red di c ollo Ai l barley, 16e Od to 20s Od ; oats, 15s 6d t 4lfg toi r e7s Od to 28s 6d pez brl ; oatmeal, 15s flour, 24s Od to 27s Od per swt ; per 4801bs. SEABURNS MAILS.' 0 1 0.1 0 (N signifies that the malls are sent MCI go by the night—and DI by the moraing--desl3s l o rt 30 4. pisP <6 o°l'l we al 40 101131 Pt. Do ic Soutilver e COUNTRIES. Day when made 111 In General Post- Office, London.* America(bylirit.pack)N Americp. (by United Sts. packet) ..........N America (by U. States Every Friday .. . packet) . ..........N Australia (via South: ampton) Ditto (via Marseilles) N Ditto (via Cape of Goad Hope) ............N Meat (West Coast) .. N Alexandria .......... N Alexandria..........N Bahamas ... Belgium ..N Brazil .. ........ lvi Buenos Ayres Cape of Good Hope .. N Cape of Good Hope .. N Cape de Verdi ......N Ceylon (see India) Ceylon ...............N Channel Isles . N China .. Constantinople .... .. Constantinople Cont. of Europe & N Egypt (see India) ljan. 4 ..... iJitn. 9 ree r , h ; soo t i" Sou " Dultjr;d t ? iout - or' goat VArt'"" SuutDs"rl-b 23d of the month. 8,9, 24, & 30 of in. 4th & 20th of mon, 17th of the montt Daily. ..... •• • • 9th of the month.. 19th of the month.. 9th of the month, Mon „Wecl.,&Fri3. 2d 8,17 th of mont l Once a month • 8,13,18,23,a28 ot 4th It 20th of moo. Twice daily .... • • SO4 Se at° DOC er ah France . .. 3f & IS Gibraltar .. Greece (see India) Greytown Flarnburgh ..........N ilavannah Holland ............ M Honduras intha (viaSouthampt.) M Lndla (via Marsellles)3l Twice daily • •• 4,7, 17,20, 27 of D ove t o o l 7 1Y ' L o tio p Vo u /e r ;;"'T Po l ' 0/ ooti 0 o ) ";, p of e r 711 . 0 0v0 0 011 x, ,, sout r ' , 2nd & 17th of mon. Tuesday & Friday 2nd of the month 17th of the month. 4th & 20th anion. 9 th& 25th of month 7, 17, & 27 of mon Twice daily .... •• 7,9, 17, & 27 of in. 9th of the month 23d of month •• •• lonian Isles (see India) Ireland & N ' Lisbon Madeira ...... Madeira Malta (see India) alta ........N Mauritius (see India) Mauritius .. N Maxie° • ••••• ..M Naples ~...• ........N New Granada, .. New Zea1and.......... Papal States ........N Peninsula • ......... Port Natal ..........N Sicily ..............N Tuscany ............N Venezuela .. Van Diemen's Land (see Australia) •• West Indies 18, 18. & 28 of men AIKEILTISEMENT.I—TI RECONNOITRING GLASSES. B. Solemons, optician' servo—opposite the Y Lenses of the greatest . t tago derived from thi s paired is preserved persons are enabled minute occupation—cal nifying power—and tl to the dangerous eine . ness—New Discovery nary powerful, small, entirely different from kind that has been, Being of the same col enables deaf persons pnblie assemblies ; tho in the ears is entirely auto that possibly cm Letters Patent for veil in the most powerful course, Opera, and Per of objects viewed throe army, aavy, and other ordinary powers that piece, will show disl and the double star seen a person's count( and as object from 16 sizes, with increasing big from 4 to 6 inch( above, and the Georghs Exhibition, 1851.—V: powerful waistcoat-pocl a person can be seen ar every purpose on the country scenery, and They are invaluable ft sportsmen, gentlemen race-course, camp, power.-39, Albemar) site the York Hotel. LADVERTIBEDSENT. 4 Arabica Food invarn cine, inconvenience ; its coat in other of fifty thousand resisted all medicine years' nervousness, co: from which I had no medicine could tually cured by Du —W. F. Reeve, P 4,208.—" Eight year with cramps, spas: tually removed by short time.—Rev. J, Norfolk." Cure No. longer, I was cured storing Revalonta Ara Scotland. Cure No. agony from dyspepsia, pation, flatulency, Bp; mains, have been r( —Maria Jolly, Worti No. 3,9o6.—Thirteel ral debility have bee: Food.—James Pot', No. Twen' disorders of the sto; perfectly cured by Andrew Frazer, Had, Gulval, near Penzan( nervous debility, vio bing of the temples, shortness of breath, cramps, spasms, fla, weakness, that I was my legs ; all these s 3 - - Barry's excellent Arabica Food .—Afari„j 1, 4 ; tors, suitably packed for all climates, tions —llb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d. ; 5 g 11 ) . 1 super-refined, 11b., 6s. ; 21b., lls. ; ' 0 p o et! , The 101 b. and 121 b., carriage free, C l o t , Barry du Barry and Co., 77, Reg,, 11 6 ;2 Fortnum, Mason, and Co., purveyors 71.09 Piccadilly ; also at 68, Cornhill; 0 0 y 330 anct 451, Strand ; 63 and 150 170 1). Charing-cross ; 4, Cheapsido • 54, Vine : 0 0 may be ordered through all respe°! s o oars, and chemists. Important eautj° dangers of spurious imitation. BIR TB S. or • sox. 0/0. On the 3d inst., ist 56, King•ognsr ° j viol. 011 1 A DAllGlrro — .„K u s , On the 3.1. inst., in London, tit* en",lol' of the Chevalier Count Joanne., 151 P . - 1) * On the Ist inst. at Eampton, o , lll S ' cle r Slade, M.A., to Elizabeth Anne, slu e t " o o. for Koarse Cowley, Esq., 11. N., of s6 ol loeit A g iF, On the 31st ult., at Mercies ' in t>' ti ter Hoare, Esq., fifth son of the Ne n 'a s ieg" Surrey, to Henrietta Mary, eldest Julius Deedes, vicar of Marden. D I E D. a toll On the 30th ult., at 3, North Ad „ .„‘"1 well, Henry Swan Caldwell Esq., ..i s tb f f 0"sio On the 24th ult., at Alton', in l ila : 0 0A ° 3o , ` J. Kerr, of Winslow, Bucks, wet , '" - th Charles Kerr, and grandson ' of the thian. 6 0,. ati On the 25th December, at lifohlgt. /2 1 4s d i Hallett, C.B. of the Bona' bay A„,re,,•,; 0 "IPArr Oa the let' inst. the Rev. .." 1 "; - i lb er - $1" Fellow of St. John's College, Oxfor On the Ist inst., at 74, Cambride_.,"ri, lonel Thomas Leighton, Bombay . -1 " - )1 4, 01 LONDON : Printed and Publishe d 1 , Sall t9 oo of No. 112, Strand, Printer, st ;„ o f, Strang, in the Preeinet of the °el,* Middlesex, Monday, FelnuallA T E.i, ' _~ 444 , 11, 1 1 A N T li4 . lq ,_ . 1 °, 11 , ,,,, `l*l NitiurltiU; .-- :::::: I.N I I 4th of the month' 0,. 1 4 41 1 ., Mexico ....... ..M 2rid of the month.. „„ 6° l et' i e ~ ,s: Naples ~.............N bthlsth2sthormoh. v - „„ 4 1 1 WI e fr ,„-g New Granada, ......34 2d & 17th of mouth 0v,„;00,,,.1 tore, i,Pli New Zea1and .......... By private skip • . ..,,,‘ of ~....9 ,L9ng'. - ..kle Papal States ........N stlllsth2sthofinon. w',„„tani.). , lop „- *oa Peninsula ..........141 lthl7th27thofinon. v'' - t asw: o o, $.1. 4 ,: e4 re, Peru ..............M ld & 27th of mon. , 6 1.011 1 r 0 .1 1 ' 1 ,4,7 8 ; 1 Port Natal ..........N By private ship. • . or '', t . o ;r 1 •% - "! So Sicily ..............N sthlsth2sthotmon, po et ..:. '4' o l4:re ; i Tuscany ............N sthlsth2sthoituon. ni t iow i : L Venezuela ..........31 2d t 17th of month S° te 4 1 1 (" 1 18, , a.,a Van Diemen's Land (see Of, lli t llle - 4 7 Australia) .. West Indks ........M ad& 17th o I month' Nt t ,„ A al k ai' vp , \ ASTERTISEMENT.]—TNE WAR IN TA=E ' lO. --", RECONNOITRING GLASSES.- SienT AND HE A et, i tre c ' oto o 01", 4, 4 ,1 B. Solomon, opticians, 39, Albemarle-sire eta Newly-co serve—opposite the York 14- • The f il '' ~ ",11ti a ,, Lenses of the greatest transpaent poser. viol ,. to i , tago derived from this invention is, t ' '''• l 11:74 Paired is preserved and strengthened,iii ills, , persons are enabled to employ their oli de .o . l s l Al t ay' minute occupation—can see with these I ense - , 0; 1 1;ei., 4,ke ,4l , to tt t , ..;,.. 0 0 k nifying power—and they do not re0.71 0 1 ‘ .,.. ss,. - ,1i,L.16 to the dangerous effects of further P°viboow;lP,g i wel` l. 4s.; ness—New Discovery.—The Organii3 O° 1 1 . 4 w" ' ' 11 (1 4 - 1 )111) t? nary powerful, small, newly-invented 0 55 I l e, . 0 the,,,h entirely different from all others, to „ T c$ ik etede A Y qtti o t , t kind that has been, or probably o l " is a 0 "00 1 74 ' .. ‘„Ille it' Being of the same colour as the skin' st i or ~.sir, Er 4 enables deaf persons to hear distis_ .. .elies,;',ll , ': ', till lb t %le . , pnblie assemblies ; the unpleasant aciv - ,,,dforni leLkit3ll in the ears is entirely removed; and "i ti. lier. - 10 , , .i,,. It, „„` MOO that possibly could be desired. ;iota/ Ow ; , r „.,, Letters Patent for valuable and eXtrs ° ,,,,eoP. B ' illl 1, 1 1110 in the most powerful and brilliant Te"" 00; 00 0 0 , ' , lnut e laS course, Opera, and Perspective Glasses, il isi i , '----............ of objects viewed through them—of ep os ,' 0) 1 army, navy, and others. These telescor vf itl , 9'l tritit ordinary powers that some 3i nicht-0 0 ;4 tii,„„ Pat e piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's ''', to , 4 kis d and the double stars ; with the P ra- 01 ° 11 % , seen a person's countenance three wil es , Ire loi Ihi;,„ r nody i and as object from 16 to 20 miles. er Th e i,, . 1 1, A h ~,-, Ith, sizes, with increasing powers accordh l V,:fef,'7, .4oct' A big from 4 to 6 inches enable us to di s ove - Itlt +elhte J.,' I is above, and the Georgian,`with his 6 so-. ce ar4 l l _ Exhibition, 1851.—Valuable, newly -in f A O' . ' s ki t Zli,t powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size ° „ j oiiv l i i r ,, , %a i r IQ a person can be seen and known 1 ruil, e6 .t the, 60 ' 4 hettig every purpose on the race-course, and 1, 0 lo 1 4 ''''t country scenery, and ships are clearly t it ioP j ei k i t ,l t h,„,_ They are invaluable for shooting, deer-07005 s,,l'itt 1 1 ,,R14, , 4 tel sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeeper's, an , t % B eet s, lasso , 0 - race-course, camp, and perspective g.„., U. l'illatrlhii power.-39, Albemarle-street, Piceadlw' ~ 0 j 1 , 1 1 , 1 4f ,, 94 site the York Hotel. t 0 1 lic i° 4 ll ( ..4!,\ ° ,11t . %II LADVZItTISEMENT.I Du Barry's - e at F .1 'AI 4 - k Arabica Food invariably restores bol l o ' l lj „, ~ktl , tine, inconvenience, or expense , fig 1 4 0 4 e ) ~,,..'. . ,z . .5i,' its coat in other remedies. iiro s ' o are * e . 17 1 44; i of fifty thousand testimonials of. Qa . , 1 1 , 1 0, 44 ,t ; resisted all medicines, Cure Ni'. -'-', i tio l3, o f 4,7•144 4 1•3 years' nervousness, constipation inaig_,„, e 'vri' 4 1 . ,i ll no which I had euffored great '''' 110 r i f /4 4 It no medicine could remove or reliev' e's fe 0 r, tually cured by Du Barry's Food,° ..toll' o ei \it 1/ —W. F. Reeve, Pool Anthony; ic i ,`" r o t , 0 4,208.—" Eight years' dyspepsia, 'le r bol e lf," le he with cramps, spasms and nausea , tio , Y 1 4 ) tually removed by Du Barry's delici ° •alsqe, short time.—Rev. John W. Flavell, 134 05 Y \,,W ,„11 Norfolk." Cure No. 1,784.—N0t exPe c iit itoip7 ' te,,,.. 4 longer, I was cured by Du Barry's 141 , 1 0 0 toe i storing Revalonta Arabica Food. Alsgu ib ee 9 , "' ; Scotland. Cure No. 51,416.—"Fift9Zo es , 1 0 4 agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, ast i , B I pation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at fi o _difri , - 7 , mitinge, have been removed by Du Bo„ r ,f 0 , C: w fo I —Maria Jolly, Wortham, Ling, near Jl ; lie/ . N‹ , No. 3,9o6.—Thirteen years' cough, in r .';`,", ral debility have been removed by -v" P I P/ tl•nlrn i „ Food.—James Potter, Athol-stre et ' eo A s, li /t 'Yq;;lc No. R 1...—. Twenty ye a rs , lir:4' a p r o f übtrl Vrt disorders of the stomach, bowels, an 1 , 0 18 11 0 4 ‘, 1 1 ) perfectly cured by Du Barry's 1 0 , 1 0000 Il Andrew Frazer, addington, East L° l 'l,<, yi Gulval, near Penzance. Feb. 20th, I°';,„f ty Per nervous debility, violent palpitatioa,oo l o l4 ;14' .: bing of the temples, violent pains in t ',, of 1 r,4 if t 'e e t b shortness of breath, coughs, numbne s " 0 1) rd cramps, spasms, flatulency, retching 0, / l° weakness, that I was constantly fearto a t,l'" . zay legs • all these symptoms have r 'dii°lllf i tt, 1 :1 4 4 , • - , 4 . .41 re ..,