The Sun. — London, England, 1855-10-10 00:00:00

THCATHE JR.OYAL, DRURY-LANE. Lesse,e. Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS ZVFNINQ. W , ll ba performed MARRIED Fan MCNEY. Characters b rharls Mathews, Messrs. r.obert Roxby and A. Younge ; Mr, F. I:atthews, Miss X. Oliver, and Miss aloft will appear. To be followed by NITOCRIA. Characters by Messrs. E. F. Ed ga-, Stuart, B. sultivan, G. Wild, C. Vincent, Er.c.; Miss Glyn, Mrs Selby, slits De Vere, Kiss Anderton, Mis 4 Cleveland, etc. THEATRZ ROYAL, HIYMARKET. Under the Management of Mr. Buchatone. THIS EVENING. win be performed THE MAN OF MANY FRIENDS. After which, THE PRETTY GIPSET AND THE BULL FIGHTER. Followed by COURT FAVOHR. After which, THE SPANISH DANCERS. To oonclude with JOHN JONES. THEATRE LOYAL ADELPHL Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress, Madame Cele4t.s. THIS EVENING, Win be performed RORY O'MORE. Characters by Messrs. Hud son, P. Bedford, C. Selby, Parselle, J. Bland, Garden, &c. ; Mary Keeley, Kate Kelly, Wyndham, &c. Followed by A MOVING TALE. To conelnde with OPEN SESAME. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Lessee. Mr. J. H. Anderson, 18, Norfolk-street, Strand. Increased Attractions, and success in equal ratio I THIS, AND EVERY EVENING, at Eight o'Clock, Will be presented, with entirely New and Magnificent Appoint- Monts, MAGIC and MYSTERY, in twelve acts, arranged in two parts, by Professor Anderson. After which, the startling illustrations of Spirit-Rapping. HALF AN-11017R wira TUE APIRIT., being the most surprising aril interesting series of experiments ever given within the walls of any theatre. 84,721 persona have visited the Lyceam already to see the Great Wizard of the North. p r i ce s of admission:—Private Boxes, 11. Ils. 6d. and 11. Is.; Orchestra SktalLs, 45.: Dress Boxes, 35.; Upper Boxea. 2c ; Pit, is.; Gallery, 6d. Ne Half-price. Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Grand Morning Performance on Saturday Next at Two o'Clock Doors open at Half-past One. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Under the direction of Mr: Payne. THIS EVENING, Will he performed THE HEIR AT LAW. Dr. Pangloss, Mr. W. Shalders. After which, A DAY IN FARIS. To conclude with a new Ballet, introducing the Patriotic Dance, "Les Allies," with a View of Sebastopol and the Xialakhoff Tower. A.STL Erg ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Wm. Cooke. THIS EVENING, • The wonderfhlly successful Equestrian Military Spectacle, by J H. STOCQUELZE, Esq., called, The FALL of SEBASTOPOL ! Tne Storming of the Malakhoff, & &c. A numerous company 40) auxiliaries l Mr. William Cooke's matchless stud of trained horses, and a battle-field formed by both the ring and the stage ! After which the EQUESTRIAN SCENES in the CIRCLE, and other Entertainments. itox-etllce open from Eleven till Four. stage Manager, Mr. W. West. Acting Nfanazer, Mr. Nelson Lee. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, Jun. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY—Morn. 33 min. aft. I—Evening 48 min. aft. 1 To-Sioßßow—Morn. 1 min. aft. 2—Evening 16 min. aft. 2 THE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, Oct. 10. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 63 - highest since noon yesterday. 48 --lowest this morning and during the night. 71—this day, at noon. BAROMETER, 29.75. Wpm, N.N.W.—Light, with fine sunshiny weather. Rain last night. • lia " 9 `(1.11 1 1 4 , 1171 Anl• •• LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1855 We yesterday announced that the Allied Fleets had anchored off Odessa on the Bth instant, and that the bombardment of the city was momen tarily expected. We earnestly hope that on this occasion there may be no mistake, but that the anxious anticipation of the country may be fully realised. The extraordinary leniency previously exhibited in sparing the great commercial empo rium of Southern Russia so strongly excited the national indignation, proving as it did that the hearts of the Members of the then Government were not in accordance with those of the people, that we cannot suppose that so glaring an error will again be perpetrated. To that injudicious clemency may be attributed the protracted struggle before Sebastopol, and the lavish expenditure'ot blood and treasure. The CZAR was thereby in duced to reject the terms tendered for his accept. ance, and to harden his heart in the supposition that the Allies could not really intend to diminish his power, or even to humiliate his pride. Were they in earnest, they could not have overlooked a measure of such vital importance to their future success. But the nephew of the Goverilor of Southern Russia, one of whose gor geous palaces was situated at Odessa, was not only a Cabinet Minister, but was placed in a situation closely connected with the management of the War. His nearest friend and. coadjutor, whose views and opinions were identical with his own, was First' Lord of the Admi ralty, and, as such, empowered to issue secret instructions, totally at variance with the offi;cial despatches ; while the third member of 'the triumvirate controlled the public expenditioe, and was thereby enabled to starve the War. These persons have, since that period, Con demned themselves out of their own mouths. They have shown themselves to be staunch pro- Muscovites, who would not assent to anything calcu lated to materially damage the interests of their Autocratic friend. We can, therefore, make every allowance for the causes that prevented the British fleet from acting energetically, and decidedly de stroying the city, as a most important station the enemy, rather than inflicting a petty punish ment for their most nefarious violation of the law of nations, by their wilful and deliberate attack on a boat's crew under the sacred protection of a flag of truce. These sinister influences have, however, fortu nately been removed. The Cabinet has, to a cer tain, extent, been purified, and although we can place no great confidence in the present head of the .Admiralty, we know that he is made of :very squeezable materials, and; that he would noti ven ture to imperil his place by openly entering in opposition to the expressed wishes of his llader. We believe, then, that the hands of the Admiral will no longer be tied, and, as a necessary corol lary, that the bombardment will be effectual, and that Odessa will share the fate of Sebastopol— that it will, at all events, be destroyed, if not taken possession of and garrisoned by the Allied forces. A measure so decided would be the more important, as the AUTOCRAT and his brothers would personally witness the heavy blow and great discouragement thus inflicted on their power, and would, therefore, at length learn to correctly estimate the inflexible determination of the West ern Nations to check the traditional aggressive policy in which their progenitors have so low* indulged with impunity. The example will, we trust, be fairly followed u p. We now know the nature of the influ ence that induced us to wage " a rose water war," and to allow Russia to carry on her trade and commerce, with but little restriction, under cover of Prussian oolours. That grievous error has protracted the War, and materially en hanced the burdens it has placed upon the coin rnunity. It cannot be much longer persisted in deference either to Germanism or the Peace-at any-price party. We cannot permit the Prussians to reap extravagant profits at our expense, and the expense of our gallant Allies. It is too heavy a price to pay for their soi-disant neutrality, which is altogether in favour of the adtersary, and opposed to French and British inte rests. It is not because the Prussian fl•Ig nominally floats over Memel, while it is to all in tents and purposes a Russian port, and, since the blockade •of Riga and other towns, the ' emporium of Russian commerce in the Baltic, that its trade should be free. It is useless , THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENI NG, OCTOBER 10 1855 to maintain our squadron at so enormous a cost tf the commerce which they are directed to cut off, be carried on under so flimsy a veil. If the British Government be really in earnest—and we Are disposed to place every reasonable degree of ,-.:onfldence in Lord PALMERSTON—We shall find chat Odessa is not only summarily disposed of, but that Nicolaieff and Kherson will also be visited, while in the North there will be a strict blockade of Memel and Pillau, and the restriction of Prussian commerce to the natural products of Prussia, and of countries not actually at war with the Western Powers. On this point we would earnestly invite atten tion to a letter addressed by "A Traveller" to a morning contemporary, which we have extracted into another part of our impression, and which will be found well worthy of perusal and deliberate consideration. Self-education rarely escapes the attendant result of dogmatism. However much we admire the power of mind which has achieved in its chosen line some almost unparalleled success, we have generally to wish it had done so collaterally with a multitude of other minds equally powerful, now in honourable rivalry, now in different but equally arduous pursuits. We are constrained to wish also that some tutor had by his able guidance both engendered the idea of the possible superiority of others, and by innumerable practi cal experiments convinced his pupil not only that man was fallible, but that even such a man as the pupil himself could err. Somehow, from the in valuable self-reliance by whose aid many rise out of the ranks, it is almost impossible to dissociate an overweening opinion of their own judgment, a slowness to suppose that what others originate can well be right, or at least be trustworthy; and an absolute impatience of all opposition or contra diction. There are, of course, exceptions to the natural tendency of self-acquired knowledge and capacity, and plenty of exceptions to what ought to be the universal effect of high educational advantages ; still, the general results of self-suffi ciency and contempt of those who differ, in the one ease, aid of greater modesty and fairness to opponents, in the other, are so obvious that we look for them as appropriate concomitants. The great leaders of the League are certainly no ex ception to the general rule. in their respective modes Mr. COBDEN and Mr. BRIGHT are both orators. The uniform attention of the British House of Commons—the unsought testimony of a PEEL or BuiwEß, if any testimony were wanted, are proof enough of that. We, none of us, whether political friends or opponents, should like to miss them from the House of Com mons, yet men of their power and influence are not free from the defect incident to being almost the sole architects of their own mental fortune. They know of but one rule for all things, one style of building. Free Trade made them what they are ; they in return would make Free Trade (and its apparent corollaries) what it is not—the test of everything. They are not probably con scious of this themselves ; we think them, in deed, two as honest politicians as ever • lived. Still Free Trade is the code NAPOLEON of their political honesty. Whatever does not interfere with its working is innocent—whatever does is treason, and must be hung, drawn, and quartered. The sovereign idea has so long ruled in their minds, so long had the exclusive control of all their observations, meditations, conclusions, and utterances, that whenever their faculties operate on other subjects it is under the Free-Trade drill, and to the tune of the Anti-Corn-Law march. Al this is, indeed, most strongly developed in the Member.for Manchester. Mr. COBDEN has got rid of much of it, though even he can never entirely lose it, and we believe would not wish. Mr. BRIGHT, however, is as completely as ever " dominated" by Free Trade. It commands the whole of his mind. It renders it untenable by any, even temporarily, hostile intruders. Hence his peculiar course on the War. He has, like all other Friends, a religious conviction on the sub ject, which he never adverts to but in the most befitting manner ; having this in common with the " estimable sect" to which he belongs,, we all respect the sanctity of this conviction. Pro perly, however, refraining from " casting this holy thing to dogs," he blazes away at every one, right and left—the Prime Minister—or the plain member, or the " brutal, lying, hireling Press"—at all who are guilty of thinking this War a painful necessity. With the Press, somehow, Mr. BRIGHT is almost always in a state of incan descent indignation, while every now and then, as on the peculiarly opportune occasion of a Friendly Societies' meeting, he boils over with wrath. .The Press has always done Mr. BRIGHT justice, if it has done it to any public man, but it thinks with the people generally regarding the War—it sustains the feelings.which would rather bear additional taxation, and even those which will rather endure the sorrows of bereavement, than see despotic barbarism and ambition triumphant. Hence the proclaimed contempt of Mr. BRIGHT, hence his charges of dishonesty, and mean, even mercenary motives ! Hence his re gret that editors have no longer to write in gar rets reached by the back-stairs, but that they enjoy the comforts provided by Free-trade in decent rooms, " get a guinea, perhaps two, for what they are told to write," and exercise a power ful influence with the people. The War interferes with Free Trade, i.e, between trade free on our part, and the extravagant pro tectionism of Russia ; for elsewhere trade follows very much its usual course. Trade with all the world, save a million or two a-year with the ob structer of the Danube, being perfectly open ; and as to the price of wheat and money, America, espe cially in regard to the former, is proof enough that the War is not answerable for it. Mr. BRIGHT, however, sees the evils of the War in every depres sion of trade ; they incur the penalties therefore of the highest law he knows, and all who are so bli n d as to think them necessary evils are not in deed dismissed by him as blind merely, but as dishonest, and aiming at selfish objects. For the twentieth time, Mr. BRIGHT proclaimed in a public speech that his is a perfectly honest opinion! Does he imagine that people doubt it ! If he does, what makes him think so j o? He . N t v u e e presume, no signboard ou his mill—" honest manufacturer." Why must he to be f or ever gilding his political s ignboard with wh a t should b e suc h nee dl ess com mendations ? But to leave Mr. BRIGHT under the pleasing delusion of being more honest, as well as more humane an d w i se than all the nat i on, i s no t ail this tirade about getting peace at once, and own iug all the objects of the War attained, mere de clamation ? How would he go about it ? A duellist, when his sword had drawn blood from his adversary, used to ask him whether he was. satisfied. We have now inflicted a real wound on Russia, and instead of being satisfied she an nounces that she cannot make peace after a defeat ! We fight, therefore, with an enemy who proclaims war to the knife ; for since, of course, she does not expect us to consult our own honour less than she does hers, as we cannot, therefore, also make peace after a defeat, the War must go on till Rus sia or the Allies, or both, are completely ex hausted ! If Mr. BRIGHT and the Quaker ambassadors would try their hand again on the Russian Ex- PEROR and his Court, and bring them over to peace at any price, he would find the Allies, we fear, but too reasonable. Alas! these modern Quakers are the very reverse of the Great PRINCE of PEACE, whose precepts they profess so literally to obey. How different their smooth oration to the man whose hands were yet red with the mur der of Poland and Hungary, and whose ambition was then cloaking itself detestably under profes sions of zeal for Christianity—bow different from their LORD'S denunciations of Scribes and Phari sees, and Princes too, who made religion a pretext for their ambitious and covetous schemes. Old GEORGE Fox would, we believe, have told NICHO- LAS the truth in plain terms, had he paid him a visit, and rather have gone to Siberia than not do it. All of us could have at least admired such courage as well as Major-General WINDHAM'S. But WILLIAM PENN is the type of modern Quakerism. Old GEORGE did the honest work of :in enthusiast, and said nothing about his honesty. He let prisons and the like witness for him. His successors are fallen on easier times. Still honesty is its own best witness, especially when unchal lenged. According to a Return just printed by the Cus toms, the traders of the port of London, have a real grievance to complain of in the restriction of bonding privileges. .1 While bonding privileges to private wine vaults have been granted to 947 peisons in the provinces, in London they are restricted to the London, St. Katharine, and West India Dock Companies, and five legal quays bonding estab lishments. If the requisite facilities :and grounds for perfect confidence were afforded in these the monopoly would be provoking and prejudicial enough ; but, in addition to the extra charges, &c., produced. by it, recent events have shown that much reliance cannot be placed in the safe keeping of wines intrusted to the Dock Companies, and that, if a preference be given to the Quays, they cannot supply accommodation for 1,000 pipes of wine. This is really too bad, and it may well be asked, " Why are 142 merchants of Liverpool, or 107 at Bristol, to have the privilege of bonding wine at their own pri vate vaults, while the merchants of the me tropolis of the commerce of the world are to be entirely denied that right ? The Lon don merchant must go to the Dock Companies, whose servants may embezzle his wine or adulte rate it, or to one of the five legal quays, whose premises perhaps cannot accommodate his im ports. He must submit to what monopoly charges they choose to exact, but he is not permitted to bond his wine in his own cellars, be they ever so central and convenient or secure, while every small trader in the provinces may store his wine where he pleases, provided he can find the requi site securities." The prejudicial results of the monopoly are apparent in the fact that the increase of the stock of wine in London, for the year 1855, is only 726,565 gallons on 6,129,990 ; while in the favoured provinces it is 788,830 gallons on an aggregate of only 4,342,442. Why the London merchant should continue subject to so great a discouragement, unless it be for the convenience of the Customs and the profit of the Dock Com panies, passes our comprehension. Surely he is quite as able as any provincial to construct vaults of adequate security ; and if mechanical or technical difficulties stand in the way, it is the duty of the Board of Customs to seek out a mode of surmount ing them. It cannot be consistent with the spirit of free trade, it cannot be right that the fair trader, and the public whom he serves, should suffer, as both do, for the convenience Of the Cus- toms and the profit of the Dock Companies. This, however, is not the only reform 'needed in connec tion with the bonding of wines. Monstrous as it may seem, the Board of Customs actually pro hibits the merchant from bottling wine in bond, and to enable him to do so he has either to pay the duty years before the wine is fit for use, ! or vat it in his private cellars until it is ripe, or else to re-export it, bottle it in the Channel Islands, and re-import it as it becomes seasonable for con sumption i No wonder, w ith suc h disadvantages and obstructions to contend against, the London wine trade languishes, and the consumption' of. wine and the revenue derived from it throughput the country have not kept pace with the increase of wealth and population. The London merchant is extra-weighted, and the outlay needlessly called for in the trade generally makes good wine dear, because the capitalist alone can lay out of i his money long enough for the required improvement, which he takes good care the purchaser shall pay for. Is Mr. COBDEN at one with the Turk re specting wine that ho makes no stir in 'this matter ? Chevalier Bunsen, lately Prussian Minister at, our Court, has been named as one of the Liberal candidates for the representation of the city of Berlin in the Prus sian Chamber. Yesterday morning the marriage of Lady Charlotte Elliott, daughter of the Earl of Mint°, with Mr. Portal, M.P., was solemnised at the Church of St. George's, Hanover square. Amongst the friends and relatives of the bride and bridegroom present were Lord and Lady John Russell. THE TURKISH CONTINGENT.—A further body of arti ficers, clerks, interpreters, &c., is being organised for this corps. BANQUET TO CRIMEAN HEROES AT GLASGOW.—A grand banquet is to take place in Glasgow on Friday next in honour of the Crimean heroes. A scheme is now before the Governor of New south Wales for a steam-packet communication between Panama and Tahiti, with branch steam lines between Tahiti and Sydney and Melbourne. The steam-frigate Darien, having in tow the, gun boat FL1403, entered Toulon on the 6th, coming from the Black Sea. TILE GUIDING STAR.—Great anxiety is at present felt for the safety of the above fine vessel, which left the Mersey in January last, with a large number of Govern ment emigrants, for Melbourne, and had not arrived at last advices. PREFERMENT.—The Rev. 0. F. Owen, M.A., to the vicaraze of Child's Wickham, in the county and diocese of Gloucester ; patron, the Rev. Thomas Marsden. CRYSTAL PALACE.—SHILLING DAY. — Monday, Oct. 8, 1855.—Admissions on payment, 5,807 ; do. by sea son tickets, 402 ; total visitors, 6,209. Corresponding day last year, 4,174. _ A GeCioa 'newspaper states that Pietro Freccia, a well-known Italian sculptor, recently became raving mad at Castelanuova, his native place, and that his brother Giovanni, who lives at Florence, was so affected on hearing of his misfortune that be flung himself out of a high window and was killed on the spot. FATAL ACCIDENT AT BLACKFRIAR'S-BRlDGE.—Yes terday morning, between eleven and twelve o'clock, a man named James lost his life off Freeman's wharf, nea rDa o ck n f e ri o a: l s o - c b k ri . dge, while in the act of leaning over a barg e to secure a piece of floating timber. He f e ll overboa r d, and was drowned. The body was not found till peat NUMEROUS DEATHS BY DROWNlNG.—Yesterday Mr. Baker, the coroner, received information of the deaths by drowning, of no less than four persons, three of whom we re males, who are unknown, and whose bodies were found in the river Thames and in .the East India Dock. BANKING AND COMMERCTIAL LAW.—Last night Leone Levi, Esq.,`F.S.A ., delivered an introductory lecture at Kinz's College on banking and commercial law, to a highly respectable and crowded auditory, amongst whom were the Rev. R. NV. Jelf, D.D., the principal ; Mr. Gilbart, manager of the London and Westminster Bank ; and several other gentlemen engaged in banking and comnit:rcial pursuits. LAYING- THE FIRST STONE OF CANONBURt CHAPEL, ISLINGTON .—ln consequence of the deficiency of church and chape I accommodation in this locality, the committee of the London Congregational Chapel Building Society have recently put-road, reo:nt,slypad, urchffaisgehdbaunry, whereon eligibleplo t t o eroffercet a eholdland in St. chapel. Yesterday the foundation-stone was laid by Henry ladies Spice and gen t lemen.r,E., inthepresence of a large asseimblage of LATEST NEWS. ARRIVAL OF THE ALLIED FLEET OFT ODESSA. BERLIN, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 10. Prince Gortschakoff has telegraphed to St. Petersburg that the enemy's fleet (the Allies), which left Kamiesh on the 7th, appeared off Odessa early on the morning of the Bth instant, and anchored there. The following appeared in our Third Edition of yesterday : A telegraphic despatch received yesterday after noon at Hamburg from St. Petersburg states that the Allied fleets anchored off Odessa on the Bth. At the time that this very important telegra phic announcement was sent from Odessa to the Russian capital the bombardment had not com menced, but it was momentarily expected. VIENNA, TUESDAY. The following has also been received :- - A telegraphic message, dated from Nicolaieff, Oct. Bth, states :—Early this morning a squadron of the Allied fleets, consisting of 9 line-of-battle ships, 28 steamers, 9 gun-boats, and three float ing batteries, cast anchor off Odessa. MARSEILLES, TUESDAY. The Jourdain has arrived. She left Constan tinople on the Ist Oct. The Greek Patriarch has been dismissed. Gene ral Vivian's Contingent is embarking for Kertch. Colonel Evans tas resumed his command. Re inforcements from the Turkish cavalry at Varna are being sent to Eupatoria. A squadron of the Chasseurs d'Afrique were surrounded, near Yenikale, by six Russian squad rons ; they succeeded in opening a passage through the enemy, leaving 15 behind them. [This seems to be the skirmish already telegraphed from St. Petersburg, in which the Russians claim 25 pri soners.] The Journal de Constantinople states that the Commander of the Army of the Danube has been ordered to prepare for the reception of 50,000 French, who are expected at Silistria in October. The army of Kars is said to be suffering greatly, and its surrender is feared. BERLIN, MONDAY. The elections for the Chamber of Deputies took place to-day. Count de Schwerin, the former President of the Second Chamber, has been elected in three places ; and M. Patow, Councillor of Legation, in two. There has also been elected :—M. Knesne, Di- rector-General of CUstdinit; M. de Prittwitz, Major-General ; M. Mathies, Superior Councillor of Regency; and M. Fleck, Councillor-General. CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 4. The Archbishop of Amasia, has been appointed Patriarch of Constantinople. The Anglo-Turkish Contingent has received positive orders to go to Shumla. NAPLES, OCT. 7. Admiral Stopford's fleet of four sail of the line and two steamers has left Naples on a cruise. MADRID, OCT. 8. Segasti is dead. The Government has laid be fore the Cortes a Bill for the better regulation of factories. ATHENS, OCT. 5. Notwithstanding the note of the Western Powers, the King persists in the dismissal of M. Kalergi. The Cabinet has resigned, and the Am bassadors have threatened to leave the capital. THE CRIMEA. The Journal de Constantinople has the following from the Crimea,, dated 23d ult. : g‘ The English fleet left Sebastopol on the 22d, with troops on board, for Eupatoria, where a diversion is to be made against the Russian army, at the same time that an attack will he directed against it on the side of the Tchernaya. Marshal Pelissier is now in the plain of Baidar, and it is generally believed that the allied armies will take the field on Wednesday next. Future operations, however, are kept so secret that there is no telling what they are to be. The Generals-in-Chief have for some days held repeated councils of war, the result of which has not t rans pi re d. Th e t roops c h osen to participate in the field operations are the 2d corps of the French army, the Highlanders, the Guards, and two other English divisions, the Black and Yellow brigades of the Piethriontese army. and 12 battalions of the Ottoman army, commanded by Osma n P as ha. Th e entire cavalry valryof the allies is to accompany th e expe dittiicire n. Strong batteries are being erected beyond the Redan for the purpose of opening fire upon the north side of the bay. Sebastopol will evidently be come the centre of operations. It is intended to extend the railway to the inter;or of the place. Mr. Beattie, the director of the road, bas been for some days examin ing the ground through which the line might pass in the direction of Inkerman. The Russian prisoners state the retreating garrison have thrown into the port 500 or 600 brass guns, and they even mention the spot where they are immersed. Divers will shortly be employed to ascer tain the correctness of the statement. The admirals ware likewise desirous to know what could he done with the sunken ships ; but the result of the inquiry made by their orders convinced them that the fleet was lost both for them and the Russians. The Governors of Seba.- topol have received many applications from merchants and shopkeepers at Balaklava and Kamiesh for authori sation to form establishments in the city. Others have proposed to reopen two or three hotels, the signboardsof which still exist, arid to repair and furnish them at their own expense. Two or three comfortable hot e ls would certainly be of great use, and might be profitable t,) the owners, as tourists abound in the place. Every day intrepid amazons are to be met with riding th roug h the streets and promenade s, and many visitors have al ready inscribed their names on the walls of the principal edifices." THE WAR IN ASIA. --- ERZEROUM, Sept. 11.—Letters from Kars of the Ist and 3d inst. state that the Russian cavalry patrole the whole country, and watch with the greatest attention all the roads by which Kars is approached. Corn is exceedingly scarce here, and detachments as continually being sent out for the purpose of procuring fodder. The Russians op pose to these detachments bodies of infantry, and sometimes of cavalry. The miserable condition of the horses, both of the cavalry and artillery, was such that the Mtichir determined to send them from Kars. More than three thousand, with a thousand riders, left the city on their road to Olti. The Russians received intelligence of this, and fell upon the troop near Chiakmak, between two and three leagues from Kars, on the night of the sth inst. They put the Turks to flight, 200 of the latter being left on the field of battle. The rem nant fled in various directions. A few hundred men and horses arrived in Olti. Of the remainder we have received no account. To show the miserable condition of the•cavalry of Kars, it will be sufficient to state that of four regiments of this arm of the service, forming a por tion of the corps from Arabistan, only four squa drons can be got together. These, united with the model squadron, form our whole force of cavalry. The infantry and artillery are no better off. They are ill clothed, not paid, miserably fed, and shoe less. Fortunately for them, General Williams and the rest of the European officers sustain by their example the courage of the troops. It is olear, then, that wanting cavalry, the force at Kars is Aeither in a condition to retreat nor to give battle. Obliged to shut itself within fortifica tions, a force of 10,000 Russians is sufficient to keep the garrison in check. Such a blockade will take place if General Mouravieff is obliged to send reinforcements to the army called together to op pose Omer Pacha. Kars, however, under these circumstances, would be enabled to receive provi sions, and would hold its own until the retreat of the Russians should open the road to Erzeroum. It is satisfactory that in Kars the sanitary condi tion of the people remains good. There are not 300 invalids in the Cholera has, however, been prevalent in the province ; it is on the point of vanishing here. In the military hospitals about two deaths per diem happen from this cause, and in the city from three to five. An adjutant from the Seraskier arrived here yes terday from Constantinople, with orders to pay the Bashi-Bazouks at the rate of 60 piastres per month per man. The difficulty will be to find them, as many of them have deserted, and they have been decimated by cholera. There is no doubt that the arrival of Omer Pacha with his army will give the Russians some uneasiness ;. but it is a question whether he will be able to save Kars. The Russians have retreated from Melasghirt and Bulanmek to Uch Klisia and Deli Baba. One battalion took shelter in Erivan. Yesterday we heard that some squadrons of Comasks had been seen on the road to Hinis, situated about 20 hours' distance from here. Their intention must have been to intercept convoys. Cholera still rages amongst the troops at Olti and Hassan Kaleh. The adjutant mentioned above brought money to the amount of 14,000 purses for the army. With this remittance the military chest contains about 50,000 purses. RUSSIA. The Invalide Russe gives the following list of lod'ses sustained by the Russian army on Sept. 8 : KILLED. Superior officers Inferior S'ldiers WOUNDED. Superior officers Interior Soldiers CONTUSIONED. Superior officers Inferior Soldiers 55 2,625 MISSING. Officers. Soldiers 26 9 06 5,826 58 1,138 24 1,730 MOVEMENTS OF THE FRENCH ARMY. We extract the following from a letter published by the Presse d'Orient, Sept. 27 : , " KAMIESII, Sept. 22. . "The embarkations for Eupatoria have been rapidly effected. The cavalry division of the 2d corps, com manded by General d'Allonville, has been conveyed to this point; it consists of a hussar brigade, let and 4th regiment., and of a dragoon brigade, 6th and 7th regi ments. A division of the 2d corps will be added, I be lieve, to the Eupatoria corps, and this, with Ahmed Menekli Paoha's 25,000 men, will be able to attempt something serious. Our splendid cavalry is at last about to be paced on fitting ground— g round where it can display its strength and make up for what it considers lost time. "The Egyptian troops, tried already in the Danubian campaign, are highly spoken of ; and the Generals feel sure that they will behave capitally by the side of ours. For the rest, Eupatoria serves as an excellent point d'appui, and under actual circumstances will be the nucleus of very serious operations. "In the camp the chief movements have been the fol lowing : "The whole of the Ist corps, commanded by General de Salles, has marched into the plain ; it is stationed in front of Baidar. One division alone of this corps has remained behind ; it is that which forms the garrison of Sebastopol. The head-quarters of the let corps are at Baidar. " General M`Mallon, who has just assumed his com mand, has descended with the 3d corps into the Tcher naya valley, where he has set up his head-quarters. The Division of the Guard has again entered its old encampment. _ _ "All these movements were executed during a shocking state of the weather. We have had a great deal of rain, and this is not calculated to facilitate the conveyance. of stores into these valleys. We are actively collecting the vehicles and carts required for the march of the army. Sinop° and Samsoun have supplied two thousand of the latter. " We keep up a close observation of the Russian camp. From the Tchernaya side Grtngalet gi►es signs of life from time to time by sending us a few balls. At the mouth of the roadstead the presence of the enemy is more sensible. You know that the Russians left in tact the Quarantine Fort, but they blew up the earthen batteries constructed in front of the battery on the beach. We have built batteries of a similar kind for fighting those of the enemy. The Russians fire but seldom from Fort Constantine, but they have connected the fort with the end of the roadstead towards the east by a series of works, and it is these works that cannonade the town. Yesterday, the 21st, the firing became heavy ;_ this morning the music continues. But for this pastime we should think the enemy had left, for we perceive very little movement in their camp. " Do the Russians mean to stay on the north side, or are they merely waiting fnr a fitting moment to evacuate it ? This is the question every one here asks. Gene rally the opinion i.s that the Russians will retire. PRUSSIAN ELECTIONEERING. The " Liberal party," in Prussia, or, as it is styled in higher circles, the " Democratic party," having hitherto refused to acknowledge the validity of the existing law of election, has nevertheless signified its intention to participate in the election of new members for the Chamber which is about to be formed. The Prussian Government has, in con sequence, become somewhat alarmed, and , among, other effusions on the subject, the following docu ment has appeared from the Government President. of one of the provincial departments of West Prussia : "It has been ascertained that at the last election for the Chamber many of the Government officials we their votes for, and used their influence in favour of, the Oppositlon (Liberal party). The dignity of the Govern ment is, without doubt, materially injured by these pro ceedings, and such a step must be decidedly suppressed at the approaching election for the house of Members. " Although it is to be expected that the greater part of the officials belonging to the Royal Government will ti,.e their best endeavours to bring this election to a successful issue on sound Conservative and Government: principles, lam nevertheless induced, considering that it has come to the knowledge of the higher authorities that some of the officials have on a former occasion acted contrary to this principle, to require your worship to impress upon the minds of the officials under your jurisdiction in a most serious manner the duties belonging to their station. You will especially call their attention in all earnest to this point, that, if they cannot conscien tiously give their vote for the Government, they are at liberty to withhold their sympathy altogether at the election ; but that a demonstration against the Govern ment of his Majesty is at variance with their official station and duty, and can in no case be permitted. " - tHE GOVERNMENT PRESIDENT OF THE DEPARTMENT." The foregoing is addressed to the chief magistrate (Lamdrath), who adds the following postscript : "Agreeing as I do with the foregoing order, I take it for granted that even without it every official in the dis trict will endeavour to obtain votes which are favourable to the Government. In accordance, however, with the instructions received, I call upon the Deputies of the district, on receipt of this order, to cause the same to be immediately circulated among all the officials at present in the district ; also among the bailiffs (schoppen) and inspectors of works (deich beamten) ; and, lastly, among the labourers employed under them. "THE CHIEF ; MAGISTRATE OF THE DISTRICT." There is reason to believe that by the end of the pre sent month the King of Sardinia will have sufficiently recovered his strength to be enabled to pay the long talked•of visit to the Emperor of the French. Prince Frederick William, son of the Prince of Prussia, visited Ostend on Saturday, on his way to Germany. Lord Howden is expected to leave Paris in a few days for Madrid. Sir Richard Pakenham, our Envoy at Lisbon, returns to England by the next Peninsular packet, leaving Mr. Ward as Charge d'Affaires. The Earl and Countess of Ripnn have taken up their residence, for a season, at Tunbridge Wells. The Marquis of Abercorn has arrived in town. Lord Newport has arrived at Newmarket. __ Lord Goderich is expected to arrive to-day at Nocton Hall, Lincolnshire, for a short stay during the shooting season. Lady Goderich's health has much improved. THE LATE COL.. T. B. GOUGH, C.B.—This distin guished officer, who has just been reported to have died of his wounds received before Sebastopol, was nephew to Lord Gough, and related to several Irish houses of position. HORSES FOR THE CA.VALRT.—Horses for the Cavalry, Light and Heavy, are being actively bought up at the fairs in England and Ireland. The cavalry now num bers more than at any period during the last century. It is said that the Grand Duke Nicholas on his return from the southern provinces is to proceed to Berlin to ♦isit the Prussian Court, and to invite the King to Wait saw. Miss Poole, the favourite singer, is to give readings from Shakepere next week, at Maidstone. Five new streets in Belfast are denominated Alma, Balaklava, Ink erman, Tc'oernaya, and Sebastopol. EXPORT OF GOLD.—It is said that the contract for the supply of 5,000,0001. of gold to Russia has been accepted by a well-known house at Amsterdam, in coc• nection with a London firm of high standing. The 76th Regiment .are ordered home from Halifax, where they will be relieved by the 67th, from Antigua. The 69th Regiment, now at Barbadoes, will also return to England. PRUSSIA AND THE WAR IN THE BALTIC. The following letter, by " A Traveller," has been addressed to a contemporary :-- "Sir,—The question has been discussed both in Parliament and in the press how far the forbear ance of England should extend to Prussia in regard to the share she has taken in promoting Russian commerce through her ports on the eastern fron tier. But surely there must be a limit to such foe. bearance. Every inhabitant of the Baltic provinces knows that the trade of Memel and Pillau (the two ports in question) has been enormously increased since the war, that the produce shipped thence is almost entirely of Russian origin, and that they are de facto Russian, and not Prussian outports. By this evasion our much-vaunted blockade has been rendered in a great measure nugatory, and the armaments of the Allies have been employed fruitlessly, so far as the enemy's commerce is con cerned. "If any of our legislators or naval commanders should doubt the correctness of this assertion, let them go to Memel or Pillau, both at an easy dis tance from this city. As Memel is only eight miles from the Russian frontier, and is at the embouchure of a large Russian river, it is par excellence the great port both of exit and of entry for the subjects of the Czar. The, visitor will find its harbour full of shipping, busily taking in cargoes of hemp and flax, and sailing as soon as the vessels are laden, some times to the number of 20 in a day. The stores and warehouses are crammed to repletion, and the streets are crowded with waggons, bearing huge loads of those commodities. Almost all this is Russian produce, grown in the provinces of Cour land and Livonia, and which in ordinary times would have been shipped at Riga, Pernau, Libau, or Windau. The strength of the Memel trade lies properly in timber ; but this, of course, is now neglected for the far more lucrative traffic begotten of the war. Thus, despite a most destructive fire in the last year, and a severe visitation of cholera in the present, the place enjoys unexampled prosperity. The price of labour, perhaps the truest test of general well-being, is, for Germany, enormously high ' • and new and handsome streets are rapidly arising from the ashes of their predecessors. "Itis an ill-wind that blows nobody good," and East Prussia has manifold reasons for blessing the war. Esto per petuum is, doubtless, the aspiration of many who are making a . harvest in this time of international struggle. " .N oirare the advantages limited to this side of the border. The Russian ports, of course, have been quite shut up, and have suffered commensurately ; but a most extensive land traffic has sprung up, and is now admirably organised. This novel mode of carriage, with its extra expense, has not lessened the demandfor Russian goods, but, on the contrary, has given a handsome additional profit to those em ployed in the transit—viz., the Russian peasants near the frontier and their proprietors. In like manner, they share advantageously in the import trade, which is very considerable. lam therefore inclined to think that the Baltic provinces have suffered less from the war than is generally imagined. Instead of three or four small ports they have two great ones, more easily accessible by sea, and ad mitting considerably larger vessels ; wh le the addi tional expense of land-carriage and frontier dues is paid (for exports, at least) by the foreign con sumer. " This fact, at all events, is obvious—that the Baltic blockade is frustrated as long as the ports of East Prussia are available for Russia. Until they are closed vi et armis the enemy's trade cannot be stopped. Politically they belong to Frederick William ; geographically and morally they are the Czar's. There is no novelty in taking this view of the subject, although interested commercial men have held it back. A few years ago the Courts of Berlin and St. Petersburg were at variance on the Danish question. Hostilities were declared be tween Denmark and Prussia, and Denmark, as the stronger naval Power,, blockaded the Prussian ports. Memel, however, was ex empted from this blockade—and why Because the Danish King was in close alliance with. the Emperor Nicholas, and the stoppage of the trade of that port would have been more detrimental to Russian than to Prussian interests. This reason 'Was considefed -valid, and acted on, when Methel was the outport of a limited district ; how much stronger does the argument hold uow, when it has become the one great port of all Western Russia - ? The blockade of Memel and Pillau would prove a great and veritable blow to Russia—in a financial view, as great, probably, as the destruction of Sweaborg or of Cronstadt. Three or four of the vessels which are now doing nothing in the Gulf of Finland would suffice for this most important ob ject. The dominions of our arch-enemy would be excluded from commercial intercourse with the civilised- world ; or, at least, intercourse would be rendered so expensive as to be absolutely ruinous to his subjects. There is nothing in the attitude of this country —either in respect of the people or their King— that would seem to entitle it to further forbearance. Whatever Prussia has done or left undone has been for the benefit solely of her great neighbour. I know not what the popular feeling may be at Berlin or on the Rhine ; but the people in this part of the country appear to me to be as philo- Russian as their rulers. Besides the material ad , vantages it offers, a partial blockade of Prussia would' be a well-merited humiliation and a just punishment for the vacillation, insincerity, and cowardice which have distinguished her policy in the last two years. " A short and a sharp war" has become so trite a phrase that, in the Baltic at least, its practical application is forgotten. So at all events think our Teuton . and Scandinavian friends ; and they have not been much impressed with our exploits either in this year or the last. They cannot see why Helsingfors should have been spared—why effective demonstrations should not have been made at Revel or at Riga, at which latter place I under stand there is some scope for gun-boat operations ; or why contributions should not be levied on the comparatively flourishing province of Courland, which has been left to the cheap, but hitherto sure defence of helplessness—very much to the satisfac tion and profit of the Czar and his subjects. Let us hope that next year will inaugurate as energetic a course of action in this corner of the empire as in the Crimea ; and that the war, if it should be pro longed, shall be prosecuted sine cerd—diplomatic ) or otherwise. THE DEFENCE OF SEBASTOPOL.; H. Less than three years since an illustrious assem blage stood within the walls of St. Paul's Cathe dral. The occasion was the interment of the great commander who had so often led the legions of Enfr,- land to victory. There were present representatives of all the great monarchies which had been the allies of this country in the war which the dead hero concluded. Among these was a General past the prime of life, but distinguished by the energy and firmness which his countenance expressed. In the interval which preceded the arrival of the fu neral car this foreigner was observed to be strangely occupied. He passed along the line of soldiers chosen from the various regiments, and, turning up their trousers, attentively examined the make of their shoes. " What is the matter, Prince Gortschakoff ?" said some one. "It is said at home," returned the Russian, " that your Guards are fitted with strong and well made shoes, but , that those of the line are inferior. I wished to learn the truth of the matter, and therefore examined them. There does not seem to be any difference. This minute disciplinarian was but an imitator of his master, who with his own Imperial hands would open sol diers' coats on parade to see that their shirts were clean. But a few months passed, and the cloud which betokened another tempest rose on the ho rizon. The representative of the Russian armies at the funeral of Wellington was paced in com mand of a powerful force. It remained to be seen how far the higher qualities of a general were united to those of the martinet. Gort e sc w ha o k u o ld ff had no great success in the Principalities, and, had his career closed with that campaign, h speedily have been forgotten in the West. But, as it is, his name is joined to the longest, the fiercest, the most deadly struggle in modern warfare. The last act of the late Czar was to appoint him to the command which age, failing health, and weaken ing resolve induced Menschikoff to relinquish. Nicholas knew the man. You may well say, "A quarter of a century before he had carried on war in Poland with fearful severity." The case was this :—He proposed to his prisoners on all occasions the alternative of the Russian service or the knout. Once a body of 2,000 insurgents were defeated and took refuge in the Austrian territory. The Austrians disarmed them and sent them to Gortschakoff. He gave them the usual choice of entering the Russian ranks; they desperately re fused. It is said that the General was present at the execution which followed. The flogging lasted ; many hours ; ten died under t he lash ; seven more yielded after terrible tortures, and were borne to the hospital. Gortschakoff stated his determination to go through the whole number, if the execution lasted a month. The Poles then bowed the head, and were &alighted into the Russian legions. Such was the stern nature of the wan whom Nicholas sent to defend Sebastopol. You may well say that h e was " wise in his generation." THE EARL OF LEICESTER, ON TIIE LABOURING CLASSES. The Docking Agricultural Association celebrated its anniv, rsary at the close of last week at South Crasher near Fakenham, Norfolk. The Earl of Leicester pre' sided at the dinner, which was attended by several 'of the leading agriculturists of the neighbourhood; the 10 01 loyal toasts having been drunk, Sir W. JONES, in terms of warm eulogy, propose d "The health of the noble Chairman." The Earl of LEICESTER, who was received with much applause, said,--Gentlemen, I beg to thank you for the very kind and handsome manner in which you hail drunk my health, and for the complinient you have pal e rue in inviting me to take this seat, although, with th e exception of the opportunity it gives me of meeting mall friends, it is rather a pain than a pleasure to me So .he placed in so prominent a position. lam called upon' to take the chair at meetings many times in the course of the year, but on no occasion do I feel that I am doing all duty more than I do on these occasions, when I come t o assist in promoting the welfare and the happiness of ?of labouring population. I think also, gentlemen, that owe a debt of gratitude to th ose w h o manage this socie "- Si for the very admirable manner in which it is COn' ducted. I must also take this opportunity of stating mf approval of •the manner in which the whole of the bull' ness connected with the poor in this Docking Union le conducted. The way in which the poor are looked after here, and the manner in which the rates are expended- - with economy combined with liberality—gives confidenc e to the ratepayers, and is a credit to the county gene' rally. (Hear.) We are met together, gentlemen, for the purpose of rewarding and encouraging the agricultura l labourer. This association can do a good deal, but a great deal rests with the owner of the cottage in which the labourer resides, and next with the occupier of the land on which he is employed. First as t o th e own er 0' the cottage. I have the misfortune—at least the mister tune as far as lam concerned—to be a very considerabl e owner of cottage property. I have endeavoured, as fa r as I can, to improve the cottage of the labourer, and ill doing so I trust I have both physically and morally proved his condition. In the first place I have e nder voured in building my cottages to provide such acorn' modation as will allow a human being to live in the sol, in which a man s h ou ld li ve. (Ch eers.) I n the nest place, I have endeavoured to build those cottages st as little possible loss to myself as I can, To es' pest a profit from cottage property without scre e : ing the tenant is impossible. By not allowina lodgers to be taken in, by enforcing a few other, simple rules which it is necessary to make with the labouring classes, and by having my tenants in nearlf every case directly under me as their landlord, I &MI believe that I have improved their condition both physi" tally and morally. (Cheers.) Now, gentlenien, as to the master who employs the labourer. When I, as an owne r of cottage property, have done as much as I possibly C to improve the condition of the labourer much still rest° with the master who employs him. I believe, gentlemen' a good master makes a good man. (Hear.) I believe if! little more attention is paid in looking after the labourer: we employ, we may make them, in many cases, WO,' more efficient, and give them a much greater interest In the soil on which they work and the prosperity o f the master who employs them. I b e li eve t h at when we t a il° labourers from another farm, by making a few inquiriee into their characters at the place which they have left, to paying the same kind attention to them th a t we p a y S. ° our domestic servants, by taking, in short, an interest them which we have not hitherto displayed, we migh t induce among labourers a regard for character which t present does not exist sufficiently in our distriei (Cheers.) You have, no doubt, s e en th e l e tte r s whi° have appeared in the papers in reference to Ne r i folk labourers. As far as m y exper i ence goes—and have been a great employer of labour, and ant vos li acquainted with the habits and feelings of the labour's; classes—l believe no county in England will produce.; labourer who will do so muc h wor k f or the money P el s him. At the same tim e th ere are v i ces i n the Norfolsi labourer which it should be in our power to eradicate. say eradicate, and I will take this opportunity of a lluding to what my friend on my l e ft (the lion. and Rev. T. ~, Keppel, brother of the Earl of Albemarle) has said slit, respect to the givi n g o f l argess. I b el i eve t h at the giving of l argess h as a mos t i n j ur i ous effect upon o °t labourers ; in many cases I think it is the first introde tion to the beershop. In saying this, I don't wish for,' moment to lessen the n u m b er o f h o l y d ays an d then? gences which our lab our i ng c l asses possess, for t h e y er , few enough now, and I should be rather inclined to l i r, crease than to dimini s h th em . I t may b e said that this custom of largess is an old custom ; but if the custelej though old, is a bad one, th ere i s no reason why we sisal, not abandon it. Our forefathers lived on acorns and COT hut that is no reason why w e s h ou ld return to that ion"; If an old custom is a bad one, l e t us get r id of i t . (Hee" hear.) I believe that the plan carried out at Banhal by Lord Albemarle and the clergy and gentry o f the district would prove of inestimabl e benefit to the county if it were adopted throughout Norfolk' One of the great evils we have to contend 'again st is the vice of drunkenness. As an employe r , I find I can deal with men, iet their vices be what th ey will, if they are not given to drunkenness, With S". drunkard I can do nothi ng . O n th e F r id a y, when he ti ti , paid, he goes to his be ers h o p, an d h e won 't appear age:, till Tuesday, and then h e wi ll come b ac k i n such a et.e." that it is useless to empl o y hi m . I t hi n k , i f the soc iei has already done so much go o d w ith th e assistance ° Mr. Blyth and others, it might endeavour to p u t don; a crying evil like that of d run k enness. I firmly bel i e " that if we set our shoulders to the wheel much might 1) : done ; and, as far as I am concerned, I am ready to Fet e you assistance both in time and money.. It has been P o custom at Holkbam to g i ve a l arge sum every year 0,4 largess ; it has all gone i n .d r i n k , and I am ready to flis'o that sum, and double th a t sum , to ass i st any par se: , who are willing to use their energies to put a stop that which I believe is a ve r y grea t ev il i n this counkYti (Cheers.) Gentlemen, I have t re sp asse d muc h l ong er ° e your time than I intended to do. Livi ng , as I 4 0 ,11 I/ much in the country, and connected as I am ver y 0 04 with the labouring classes, I am apt to get led 5014 when I speak upon this subject. With r es p ec t to S" question of education, which has been started this ell; ing, I think th a t th e pl an o f es t a bli s hi ng a lib rar y the poor would -be productive of very considere l3 : l benefit. At an y ra t e , gent l emen, l am satisfied Sib/ we should get an exce ll en t lib rary ourse l ves ; an d think if a certain portion of the artisans, tradesme: bricklayers, and labourers in a parish could be. ludo° to read, their example would induce others to learn.: read also. The grea t diffi cu lt y we h ave to contend j is this—it is all very well to talk about schools et s education, but we h o ld out suc h i nducements to 101, six or seven years old, th a t i n a l arge family it would v",, very unnatural if father s k e pt th e i r sons at school whe they can earn 3s. or 4s. a week. Boys in this distrle„, of Norfolk can get cert a i n emp l oyment when they seven or eight years old ; they are removed from sot; at about that age, and I think the most desirable P l ' l would be to endeavour, if p oss ibl e, to teach those h°424 in adult schools, when they are old enough to see "") themselves that it i s d es i ra b le to learn. (Hear, h e s t; The library pr o p ose d t o b e esta bli she d here may heti, this effect—it may, induce young men, instead of span ing their time a t pu bli c -h ouses an d b eer - s h ops, to leer. to read and to endeavour to put themselves in the 0 0 1 position as those who have already been educated. nY will not detain you any longer, gentlemen, I W. you very much for the kind manner in which you h' received my health, and for the attention with vl l3l you have listened to these few remarks. lam 1 10 0 more able to carry out than to explain my lie n / ' on this subject, and I regret very much that it hag had a more able exponent. (The nobl e ear l resum ed In seat amid considerable applause.) Several other speeches, expressing similar sentinsen ° were delivered in the course of the proceedings. THE WAGE'S OF LABOUR. of The anniversary meeting and dinner of the Nor o f „ Kerry Farming Soci e ty t oo k p l ace i n the middle "( last week under the p res id ency of the Earl "0 Listowel. The " health of the county members , 1 brought up Colonel H. A. H er b ert, t h e senior 1.0 presentative arid one of th e l argest proprietors 1§ the district. The speech of the h on . gen tl eman O almost wholly devoted to on e su bj ec t— an d tbto„ certainly not the least important in the social sYj tem—namely, the wages of labour. "We all hear this day," said Col. Herbert— " That there is not an able-bodied man in the W° A r house • and at the present time of the y ear , i n t hi s u to trict, there is hardly a labouring tnan who, if anxioeed get work, cannot procure empl oyment. The rats wages is considerably more—though, in my npini° ll ' not still sufficient—than i n f ormer years. This b r ill me to consider what eac h o f us, as individuals, as 1313 i.. lords, and what this society can do to better the co n ei l tion of the labourer ; because, while we see a ril ari t o improvement i n hi s p h ys i cal position, in his dress, 2'o in a greater command of the necessaries of life, k:t, sorry to s a y th a t we d o not see, concom i tant w i t h P o, any improvement in the dwelling in which he Now, I believe you will agree with ins when 173 that, no matter how highly the labourer i s p a id, bg however flourishing he may be in other respects, condition of that class cannot be . much ameliors b o unless, going hand in hand with those improvein o 4(; in their condition, there be some improvement in thv b , dwellings. (Cheers.) No matter how well paid ,0 labourer may be, he cannot be imbued with that Fr 4C 0 ;1 of self-respect which should surround him, nor b r ing if , his family with those feelings of self-respect a nd 0 0 , reliance so absolutely necessary to raise their social c ° ol dition, until he lives in a dwelling where he can, I r.i ; / no t say command the luxuri es o f l i f e, b ut some ihingil,) the decencies and necessaries of civilisation. (Cnee r ,o I think that all which Las oc curre d h as smoothed much of the difficulty which lay in our path in this r d, sped, because I feel th a t if any l an d lord should bu'to no t ornamental cottages, or anythineapproachia g i finery, but clean and comfortable dwellings , now t e i the labouring class are a bl e t o earn a fair day's glor for a fair day's work, he wou ld get sufficient interes t the money laid out in those buildings. (Hear, hear.) if think that question worthy th e consideration of e_feti/ proprietor in this and every other district in Irelanolvt well as of a society lik e th e present. I think it is ratbo a short-sighted view o f th e o bj ects of a society like 'ilia to say that such improvements do not fall within . 1 0 5 scope of its operations, because it is quite impossible this s-ciety can succeed in its object—taking its P r3 'o l i t his s to be the inprovement of agriculture—wi ti l,' at the same time seeing alter the condition of the bourr.r. If any one controvert that fact, I refer lir those districts in EriJand where agricultur e most d ri,het, to ploys to him that where the best croP s . l 'io the best cattle are to be found there the labourer to the best condition." 1