The Sun. — London, England, 1842-07-30 00:00:00

tattyb Et4tion IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. (THIS DAY.) HOUSE OF COMMONS. NEWFOUNDLAND BILL. Mr. O'CONNELL (in continuation from our After . noon Edition) said—Everything that was wanted would be done. They could get money granted by holding a - session of the Legislature. There was no necessity for thus trampling on the liberties of the people. He had a letter in his possession from the Catholic Bishop of the colony, who stated that the Assembly had never refused any supply, that they had always teen ready to adopt any proposition made by the Governor, notwithstanding the Council had thwarted them in every possible way. He denied that the Noble Lord had found their constitu tion suspended. The session of the Assembly had ended in May, 1841, and it was impossible that a new election could have been held before November, because the whole adult population was absent during the interval at the fisheries. The deputation which had been over here on the subject had ken assured by Mr. V. Smith that nothing should be done without due investigation. Now he asked where that investigation had taken place? —(Hear.) Every principle of honesty, of justice, and of fairness, was in favour of his (Mr. O'Connell's) proposition, and yet he knew that the majority of that House would support the Government in this attack upon the liberties of Newfoundland. If the Bill had been brought forward earlier in the session, an expression on the subject might have been elicited from the people of England, who would have had gene rosity enough to ask for a fair trial. Why did not the Noble Lord cull another Assembly, as had been recom mended by Sir John Harvey, and see if that Assembly would not make every necessary alteration in the exist ing constitution ? They had stated their willingness to raise the qualification, and to give the Government the ini tiative in the introduction of grants. Under the Noble Lord's plan considerable delay must take place in calling together the Legislative Assembly. Under his (Mr.O'Con nell's) plan no such delay would take place. It had been objected that among the members of the Assembly there was one who could not read or write, and two who were in menial situations. Had those persons been elected by the popular party ? No. They had been elected by the mercantile party to bring the Assembly into contempt. Iu 1836 the elections placed the anti-constitutional party in a minority, and the Government declared those writs void, because a little bit of wax had not been attached to them. At the new election four mercanti:c men were elected ; they . refused to serve, and these persons were elected in their stead ; so that the anti-Constitutional party first elect improper persons, and then turn round and say, look at the improper persons who are elected under this Constitution. Could anything be so gross or • so inconsistent as this ? The jealousy of the constitu tion was, in fact, jealousy of the Catholics of the colony. I:p to the period of the; granting the constitu ion,- Catholics were excluded from every situation. - He was perfectly ready to go into any investigation of the facts of the election, during which two outrages did occur, but the accounts of them had been grossly ex aggerated. lie contended that the Houte ought not to legislate without hearing the other party. Would they give a triumph to ono party alone ? He had gone through this case ; he had not gone into a discussion respecting rates and taxes, because other opportunities would occur for doing that. But here was a constitution, -with all the regular forms, already adopted. All the American colonies had had such constitutions conceded, and had derived advantage from them. He denied that the Roman Catholics had shown any exclusive spirit, or any wish to absorb all the funds of the Colony to their own purposes. To prove this, he read an extract from their petition, which set forth, that a grant of money to re build a Protestant Church that had been destroyed by - fire, was supported by . all the Catholics. The Bill was brought forward at a time when it was utterly impossible to give it a fair discussion; all from whom he might ex pect redress were absent, nor had he the slightest hope of convincing those who were listening to him. He put the question on the foundation of plain common sense. All he asked of the Noble Lord was to postpone the Bill till next session, till ho could hear what the inhabitants of New foundlaud had to say. Their Delegates would then be here, and anything that was just and reasonable they would be ready to do. But he did implore the Noble Lord not to crush the colony with such a measure as this. - He concluded by moving that this Bill be committed that day three months. Lord STANLEY said, whatever difficulties the inha bitants of Newfoundland had to contend with, he was quite sure that at no period of the session could their complaints have been listened to more attentively than they jiad been on the present occasion. With the excep tionoWone or two points, he had very little to complain , of in the statement of the won. and Learned Member ; ,aectihe should endeavour to follow that statement as closely as possible. These points were, that he had given the Bill a character which did not belong to it, and had assigned motives to the Government which they were far from entertaining. He had stated also, that at the interview of the Delegates with Lord John Russell, that • Noble Lord had made a distinct declaration that no step should be taken with regard to the colony till they should have had an opportunity of expressing their sentiments. Last year the Government, in compliance with a motion of the Hon. Member for Droitvvich, laid upon the table of the House despatches from the Governor of New foundland, in which he stated to the Secretary of State, that he could not consider it his duty, upon the dissolution of the House of Assembly, to issue *sly new writs. That statement was founded upon the violent conduct which had taken place at the preceding electious.—(Hear, hear.) He must complain of the statement of the Right Hon. and Learned Gentleman, that this Bill was introduced for the purpose of annihi lating the constitution of Newfoundland. When he came into office he found that the late Government had Aetermined that the House of Assembly should not meet again, and this Bill was in fact introduced for the purpose of restoring, with certain modifications, the con stitution of Newfoundland. He proposed to confer certain rights which had been suspended by his prede cessors.---(Hear, hear.) He deeply regretted that the 'Hon. Gentleman should have thought it necessary to introduce the subject of religion into the discus sion ; but as the subject had beets introduced he felt bound to say that it was his belief, founded upon all the information which he had obtained, that at the recent elections in the colony of Newfoundland, he did mot say that the Roman Catholics as a body, but a con ziderable number of the Roman Catholic priesthood, took a very active part in interfering with elections, acting in a manner which scandalised well thinking and respectable Roman Catholics, of whom there were many. And Bishop Fleming had admitted to him that, although the facts were exaggerated, there - was some truth in the charges which had been made, and be stated that one of the parties charged had been visited with ecclesiastical censure. Another cause to which the Eight Hon. Gentlemen attributed the introduction of the Bill was, the fact that the Roman Catholics constituted a large majority of the population. He did not know where the Right Hon. Gentleman had obtained his information ; he (Lord Stanley) believed that the population was pretty equally balanced. Two years ago the Roman Catholics in the island amounted to 37,000, the members of the Established Church to 26,000 or 28,000, and the remainder of the population, amounting to 10,000 or 11,000, consisted of Preshy terians and other religious bodies.—(Hear, hear.) Now they had been but one appointment in Newfoundland under the Governorship of Sir John Harvey, and that appointment had been given to a Roman Catholic. As a proof that they were not actuated by any religious feelings, he might:state that while'a site was obtained for the erection of a building for Roman Catholic worship, they could not find any land on which to erect three Protestant churches which were wanted. He would ask the Right Hon. Gentleman whether there was any prac tical difference between both persuasions ? He declared solemnly that in introducing this Bill he had no views of snaking any distinction between Roman Catholics and Protestants.—(Hear, hear.) He had neverynade any charges against the Assembly on religiousogrounds 'Then the Right Hon. Gentleman said that he was about to annihilate the constitution of Newfoundland. What did he propose ? He proposed to unite the Legis lative Council and the House of Assembly —% raise the qualification of Members—to raise the qualification of electors—to reserve to the Crown the originating of money votes, and that the Executive and Legislative Councils should be. separate. And so far from that being at variance with the opinion of Sir Harvey, as stated by the Right Hon. Gentleman, it was exactly in correspondence with a dispatch which he (Lord Stanley) received from him, dated the 21st of September. The Noble Lord then read the dispatch of Sir J. Harvey and the instructions of Lord Ripon, which the Right Hutt. Gentleman had so much praised, to show that his proposal was not at variance with those documents. lie did not mean his proposal to be a punishment of the Legislative Assembly, but to enable them to legislate without coming into collision with the other House, as had beets the case heretofore.. The Right Hon. Gentle man said that the two Houses were made into one fur the purpose of swamping the Legislative Assembly. But he should like to know how 10 could swamp 15, this being the proportion in which the new Legislature was to be composed. He did not deny that the present constitution had worked well, and that many internal i nprovements had been effected under it.—(llear, hear.) The Right Hon. Gentleman had said that the present Bill was intended to give one interest an advantage over another. It was true that there were two interests grow ing up in the colony, but the present Bill would not give any advantage to one class over another, but would equally benefit all classes.—(hear, hear.) The Hun. Gentleman bad stated, and stated correctly, that the returns to the House of Assembly, up to the year 1936, were of a very respectable character, and that the Members returned had in general carried on the public business with great satisfaction to the inhabitants. But it appeared, upon unquestionable authority, that wirier the present qualification, Members were returned who were disqualified from duly discharging their duties, by th e v i o l ence o f their party feelings, and by their ‘vant of education and respectability. The Assembly was now principally composed of parties un k iovtn in tl • upper classes of society. The members were each allowed 421. a-year; and it appeared among other strange facts, that a servant was permitted by his master to take his place among the representatives of the people in the Legislative Assembly, while he and his master divided the 42/. between them. Mr. HUMEjlasked in whose evidence that appeared. • Lord STANLEY said that he made the statement on the authority of Mr. Brooking, one of the leading gen . tlemen of Newfoundland. Mr. O'CONNELL said that the firm of Mr. Brooking had got that very person returned. Lord STANLEY only mentioned the fact for the pur- -.-W-ng SUN, LONDON, pogo of showing the abuses to which the present system ot'iepresentatien in the colony gave rise. To remedy tile evil of having such parties returned to the House of Assembly, he proposed that no person should be elected a Member who did not possess an income of at least 100/., and he did not think that that amount was unreasonably high. Why did he propose to unite the Legislative Council, and the House of Assembly ? It was because, from the conduct of both bodies, such had been the dif fi .ulties and dissensions arising between them, that legis lation had been put a stop to; and the most important measures, including the Revenue Bill, were actually at this moment in a state of abeyance.—(Hear, hear.) He contended that the House of Assembly had sent up such Bills that it was impossible for the Governor to sanction them ; and were they prepared to continue the existing system, which permitted the legislative body and the council to be at continual variance, and allowed the bare majority to suspend the business of the colony ? But the Hon. and Learned Member 'said great improve. ments had taken place, that the revenue was good, and that trade had increased. Undoubtedly it was so, but the injury which arose from the stoppage of the supplies did not fall on the merchants and traders, but on the resident inhabitants of the colony. He would state dis tinctly that raising the franchise to a moderate extent would not affect the agricultural and Roman Catholic in terest exclusively, but would strike off that small portion of the constituency absolutely subjected to their employers, whether Catholic or Protestant. The Hon. Gentleman said that a 40s. freehold would deprive many of the inhabitants of the franchise. He (Lord Stanley) admitted the fact. But what he wanted was, that. no person should possess the franchise who had not been in the occupation of lead for one year. What he wanted was to insure the franchise to persons who had a permanent interest in the soil. The Hon. Gentle man asked him to postpone that Bill. Now the present state of the colony was this, that upon the impor tation of goods the parties were compelled to give a bond, binding themselves to submit to any duties to be imposed by a Bill to be passed of a retrospective nature. That was the condition of the colony at present. He (Lord Stanley) had received a letter that morning, stating that the colony was placed in great difficulty from want of this Bill, and yet the Hon. Gentleman asked him to postpone it. His (Lord Stanley's) object in proposing the Bill was, that on: party should act as a check upon the other ; and it was with this view that he confidently trusted the House of Commons would assent to the proposal of going into Committee, for the purpose of remedying the evils he had pointed out. Mr. HUME said he was instructed to say, in reply to the statement of the Noble Lord that the population consisted of about half Protestants and half Catholics, that the population consisted in reality of 70,000 Ca tholic residents and 30,000 resident Protestants. Out of this population there were only two Catholic Stipendiary Magistrates, whilst there were fifteen Protestant Sti pendiary Magistrates ; the whole of the clerks in the employ of the Government were Protestants ; and yet this was a colony where the Noble Lord said party spirit did not exist, and there was no right to complain that party feelings at all in fluenced the Government appointments.—(Hear.) His complaint was, that the parties whose privileges and liberties were about to be interfered with, had not been heard in their own , behalf. Canada and Jamaica had been heard by counsel before the Legislature, previous to their cases being decided upon, and why should not the same justice be extended to the natives of Newfoundland? They would not disfranchise the borough of Sudbury, which had only 7,000 or 8,000 inhabitants, without first hearing an advocate on their behalf. The case of Sudbury was put off for that purpose to the next session, and how could they reconcile it to justice to legislate on the case of Newfoundland which possessed a population of 100,000, without hearing what they had to say on their own cause? Why not put off the consideration of the measure to the next ses sion, when the Newfoundlanders would have time to lay their case fairly before Parliament? The object was to take the representation from the inha bitants of Newfoundland and to transfer it to the mer chants of London, Liverpool, Bristol, and Dartmouth. With regard to menial servants being elected he denied that such was the case, unless a clerk in a merchant's counting-house could be deemed a menial servant. There was not a charge brought forward but what could be proved untrue if an investigation were granted. The great prosperity of the colony from 1832 to 1836, proved that the constitution had worked well. The Noble Lord, by sending out Mr. Bolton as Judge, had been the cause of the mischief. Lord Ripon had removed Mr. Bolton from Canada, as a fire-brand, and the Noble Lord (Stanley) sent him out to Newfoundland. From the moment Mr. Bolton arrived in Newfoundland, he began to interfere with the rights of Juries. The Government supported Bolton, yet on an appeal to the Privy Council, Judge Bolton was removed. Lord STANLEY.—No. Mr. HUME.—He was not sent back, and that showed the colonists were right. He was the firebrand. He had caused this disturbance in the colony. He appealed to the Right Hon. Baronet in this case, for the Noble Lord from the first had taken up a prejudice against the colony. One of the great charges against the Assembly was that the Members were paid a salary of 42/. a-year. There was an Act in this country for pay ment of Members, and he thought it would be a good thing if they had paid Members in this House. It would be better that Members should have a salary than that they should be paid in places, honours, and preferments, which Ministers had to give. Members ought to be paid—gratuitous service was bad service. He was called stingy, because he had wished to get rid of sinecures and unnecessary offices, but he always desired that those should be paid who (lid the work. The Noble Lord's Bill had been brought forward for the purpose of dis gracing the best of men, in order to further the cause of the monopolists. His Right Honourable and Learned Friend's motion was intended to remedy such an abuse, and he would, there fore, give it his most cordial support. The present ques tion was not one of party, but of justice. All that was asked was that the business of Newfoundland might not stand still, but that the representatives of that country might exercise their constitutional right in a legal and constitutional manner. He should therefore support the motion of his Right Hon. Friend. Mr. PAKINGTON moved that the debate should be adjourned. Mr. O'CONNELL seconded the motion. The debate was then adjourned. LICENSED LUNATIC ASYLUMS BILL—LORDS' THE DUKE OF ORLEANS. _M. Eugene Britianlt has gust published a notice of the deceased Prince, from which we make the fol lowing extract :-- " The youth of the Prince Royal bad two phases per fectly distinct. Before 1830, when far from the throne, he received a most liberal education, such as is best suited to wealthy citizens. It was free from all that complaisance and adulation which cannot ever be totally eradicated from courts, and, being public, it immediately placed the pupil in the midst of the proceedings of so cial life, and initiated him at once into the manners of the day. After 1830, when events had placed him on the first step of the throne, his .royal apprenticeship com menced. But it was strengthened by the vigour of the popular education which he had received, and the second part of his intellectual improvement was directed by himself with infallible certainty. We shall not be sus pected of exaggeration in saying that nature had en dowed him with all that could second this disposition. He was abundantly provided with the most amiable qualities) but what struck every one were his inexhaust ible goodness, his unequalled generosity, and his con stant evenness of temper, without losing anything of the force of his thoughts and actions, and the dignity of ilia demeanour. What astonished most were his exquisite tact, and his keen perceptior. of the exact course it was fitting to pursue. His opinions on public affairs had a discreet frankness, from which nothing tempted him to depart. Few persons, in any rank of life, received so brilliant an education. his mind possessed a certain encyclopedical curiosity, which prompted him to run through with eagerness all the domain of informa tion, and, without pretending to universal knowledge, he had acquired a very considerable range of varied ac quirements. His mode of expressing himself was distin guished for singular facility and elegance, and there were two sukects on which his language rose to elo quence—military glory and the fine arts. He avowed openly his admiration of the beautiful, whenever he met it, without reference to dates or doctrines. His admira tion for the masterpieces of all the great schools was fer vent, but he reserved his encouragement and his libe rality for the generation of artists by which he was surruund,ed. For young artists he was truly the Prince Royal, and the worthy brother of the Princess Marie, with whom he had so many points in common--s-Barye, Ary Schafer, Jules Dupre, Antonin Moin, Louis Cabat, Eugene Delacroix, Decamp, the Johannot, Camille Roqueplan, Louis Boulanger, Flagman, and many others, were constantly ordered to execute works for him. He confided to their talents the embel lishments of his plate, his furniture, his apart. gents, his arms, and the details of the opu lence of his station. It was thus that he became the possessor of the Stratonice of Ingres, and obtained the immortality of her portrait from that great painter. In a visit which the Prince Royal made to M. Ary Scheffer he perceived two sketches which struck him as well executed. He inquired " . who was the artist ?" " A young man full of talent, but unable from poverty to go on with his studies," was the reply. " I will take them," said the Prince, " and tell the young man to call on me to-morrow." The next day, on the young artist appearing at the Pavilion Marsan, he was most kindly received. " Mcnsieur," said the Prince,_ " your sketches are excellent. I pay you 2,000 f. for them, and, if the price suits you, bring me two others in a week." For the present state of the arts, the loss of the Prince is immense. He was passionately fond, not of war, but of all that had any connexion with the art of conducting and commanding armies. On this point his studies and trials were indefatigable. Above all other means of suc cess he placed the well-being of the soldier. At the army, he first directed his thoughts to the comfort of the troops ; their encampment, hospitals, transports, equip ments, and subsistence, were always the first objects of his care. It has often occurred to him, in his long and laborious expeditions, not to take any nourishment before being sure that no person suffered from hunger. The army were aware of this anxiety, and their gratitude and devotedness repaid him for all his solicitude. Bene volence was in the Duke an innate virtue. His affability and amenity were of the highest order. When encamped in Africa, after seeing that all the wants of the soldiers were provided for, he gave himself up to the most free and delightful intercourse with his officers, conversing with unrestrained gaiety, frequently laughing at his reveries as an artist. his brave and experience Gene rals, such as Lamoriciere, Duvivier, and Changarnier, cherished their young commander, admiring his vivid and fecund imagination. The scholar of the College Henry IV., smoking his cigar—the young artilleryman of the National Guard of Paris—the lover of literature— and the frequenter of the studios of the celebrated artists —approached him with equal ease. Never can be for gotten the richness and taste displayed at the Pavilion Marsan, where were given those concerts, uniting the most celebrated musicians—those balls, so animated and so splendid—and those historical entertainments, so true, so pompous, so ingenious, and so amusing. Chantilly, and all the other race-courses within the reach of the Prince Royal, were promoted by his presence, his judg ment, and his active exertions. No one was more anxious than he fbr the improvement of the breed of horses, seeking nothing but utility. He it was who founded the hares, or stud-house, at Meudon. He excelled, in all bodily exercises. The gymnastics, swimming, and fencing, were his favourite recreations, and he practised them with all who were around him, using towards them the most frank and equal demeanour. Amidst all his manifold avocations, he never failed in any of the duties imposed upon him by his royal and military rank and station, pursuing at the same time in private his snore serious studies and avocations ; devoting with scru pulous exactitude several hours of each day to such a; claimed a preference. The Prince , wrote the history of one of the regiments of the army, which, if we be not deceived, he gave to M. Alexandre Dumas, for whom his Royal Highness entertained a sincere friendship con tracted in his early youth. Dr. Duval, who was the first to reach the fatal spot of the accident which caused the death of the Duke, and who for nearly two hours was alone with him, declares to us that he has seen very few heads so happily constituted. Being on the point of going to the camp of St. Omer, the Prince wore his hair cut very close, so that the protuberances of the cranium could be well and accurately examined. M. Duval says, it displayed the organs of benevolence, veneration, reso lution, justice, hope, and courage—very little selfishness —no vanity—no evil propensities. The most prominent qualities a ere benevolence and resolution." A Journal of the Vosges gives the following anecdote of the Duke of Orleans : " During their last journey into our department, the Duke and Duchess of Orleans entered one morning a poor inn at a small village near Epinal, and ordered their breakfast, which consisted of black bread and milk for the Princess, and black bread and eggs for the Prince, After this truly frugal repast, which they ate most cheerfully and with good appetite from a table remark able only for its cleanliness, the Duke asked the land lord what he had to pay. Twelve sous,' was the reply. Here are. eighty francs for you.' But, Sir, you did not hear me. It was only twelve sous I charged you.' The Duke replied that he had heard him very plainly, and insisted on his taking the money. Ah! mon Dieu!' exclaimed the landlord, you must be the Duke of Orleans, and this fine lady must be your wife. If 'I had known it I should have spread a cloth on the table, and have given your wife a white bowl!" In compliance with a pastoral letter of the Arch bishop, a funeral service was performed in all the churches of Paris, fir the repose of the soul of the Duke of Orleans, commencing at ten o'clock. A cats fzlque was erected in the choir of each church, and the high altar was hung with black. Detachments of the National Guard in full uniform, with crape on the arm, attended the ceremony. One platoon carried their arms, the rest wore only their sabres. The guards of honour at the catafalques were composed of national guards and veteran non-commissioned officers. Besides the men expressly ordered on this duty, a considerable number of the national guards attended in uniform. The bands of the National Guards joined in the music of the masses. The civil authorities of each parish and numerous bodies of the citizens, were likewise present. The porch of the church of Saint-Germain-l'Auxerroils as being the Royal parish, was hung with black as wey as the choir, and the catafalque, which was peculiarld rich and solemn, was surrounded by funeral lamps, and crowned with greups of the national flags veiled with crape. Here, in addition to the National Guards, and the civil authorities, the officers of the households of the King and Princes, the Colonel and Officers of the Muni cipal Guard, all in full mourning, were present. We regret to'have to announce the death of Sir Thomas Dalrymple Hesketh. Bart., which took place at his seat, Rufford Hall, Lancashire, on Wednesday last. Sir Thomas was in his 65th year, and is succeeded in his title and estates by his eldest sou by his first wife, now Sir Thomas Henry Hesketh. THE CROPS GENERALLY.—A gentleman of this county, just returned from an extensive tc.ur in the coun ties of Lancaster, Northampton, Lincoln, Rutland, Cam bridge, &c. &c., informs us that, except in a =mil part of the best corn land in Lincolnshire, he never saw such splendid crops as now cover the fields. The grain ap pears as if bursting from the ear, which is very long a n d large ; and the farmers all say that they never remember when there was so fine a prospect of a good yield.— Cornwall Advertiser. THE MAILS.—We understand, that in compliance with a communication from the General Post-office, the coach proprietors met at Truro on Thursday, the 14th instant, to consider the proposal of running a second mail coach to and from Exmouth and Falmouth daily ' by the direct route through Okehampton, Launc es t on . Bodmin, and Truro, and that it was determined that from the first of September next, a mail coach shall leave Exeter at 9 minutes after 7, A.M., and arrive at Truro in 9 hours, the distance being 90 miles ; and from thence to Falmouth, about 10 miles, within the next hour. In consequence of the above arrancement, it is probable that the North mail will change its route, and pass through Camelford, Wadebridge, and St. Columb. The rate of speed proposed between Exeter and Falmouth, allowing for the necessary stoppages, must, we are informed, be 12 miles an hour, which, for so long a distance, is not equalled in any part of the kingdom.—Devonport Independent. STEAM-FRIGATE.—A trial of the steam-frigate Montezuma, tuck place yesterday, from Blackwall-stairs to the Lower Hope and back, accompanied by a select party of gen tlemen and others interested in the success of the experiment. The Montezuma is upwards of 1,100 tons, and draws only nine feet water ; she is built to carry on the upper deck two swivel guns (68-pounders) besides the usual number of small guns. The trial was highly satisfactory, and although the vessel is built more for the purpose cf war than great speed, she went at the rate of full ten miles and a half an hour against the tide, both going and returning. During the trip a disconnect ing apparatus, for releasing either paddle-wheel in case of acci dent, was tried, as also a new and ingenious method of using the steam expansively, and both were found to answer the best wishes of the projector. She starts in a few days for some foreign service. The lighthouse on the North Quay at Ayr was , destroyed by fire on Thursday morning. It was built of wood, and has faced the storms of nearly 17 years. No cause can be assigned for the occurrence;--- Scotsman. AMENDMENTS. Lord G. SOMERSET moved for the appointment of a Committee to confer with their Lordships, to explain by the House could not agree to their Lordships' amend ments.—Agreed to. IPSWICH ELECTION. Mr. P. M. STEWART brought up the Report of the Ipswich Committee. The Report stated that Lord Desert and Thomas Gladstone, Esq., were not duly elected at the last election for the borough of Ipswich, and that they had by their agents been guilty of bribery and treating, at the last election for that borough. The HoN. GENTLEMAN moved that the evidence be printed, and that the issuing of the writ be suspended till the evidence was before the House. Mr. ESCOTT gave notice that he would move for the issuing of a new writ for the borough of Ipswich, on Monday. The House adjourned at a Quarter to Five o'Clock. ELECTION CONMIT TEE. (THIS DAY.) IPSWICH—CLOSE OF ThE INQUIRY. (Continued front cur Afternoon Edition.) Mr. Kinglake having concluded his address, The Committee decided that the sitting Members were not entitled to their seats, consequently the election is declared to be void. THE FUNDS-(C L BRITISH Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red. .... 914 3 per Cent. Cons.... 3} per Cent. Red... 1001 New 3i per Cent... look New 5 per Cen; Long Annuities to expire OSING PRICES). FUNDS. India Stock — pm Ditto Bonds .Ditto Old ...Annuities33 Pm Ditto New Annuities... Ex. Bills, 1,000/ 2d. 51 pm Ditto 5001...... 51 pm Ditto Small ..... . 51 pm ( Bank Stock for A ect....1691,- llndia Stock for 0pg.... Consols for Acct. I FUNDS. Portuguese, 5 per cent. , Ditto, New Ditto ,Prussian, 5 per cent. Russian, 5 per cent ll5 Ditto, Metallic . .... Spanish, 5 per cent...... 20E Ditto, Deferred . French, 5 per cent —f. —c. Exchange —f —c. French, 3 per cent. —f. —c. Dutch, 2i per cent. sli IDitto, 5 per cent. .. 101 i SHARES. Eastern Counties Railway (23 raid) Ditto New Shares ( paid) ... Edinburgh and Glasgow (50 paid) ... 47. - 4 Ditto New Shares ( 3 paid • London and Brighton (50 paid) . 33} London and Birmingham (90) . .. 161 Ditto Quarter Shares (25 paid) London and South Western (4116 s 10d pd) 624 Jan. 1669 'l2 9-16 Oct IM9 Jan. 1860 FOItEIG Austrian, 5 per cent. — Belgian, 5 per cent Brazilian Bonds... BuenosAyres6 per cent l9i Chilian, 6 per cent B5 Colombian, 6 per cent — Ditto, 1824 Danish, 3 per cent Greek, 1825, 5 per cent — Mexican, 5 per cent 36 Ditto, 6 per cent. 1837 Peruvian,lB2s, 6 per ct. Northern and Eastern (45 p a id) North Midland Railway (100) South Eastern and Dover (50 paid) 23& BRISTOL SUGAR-MARKET, JULY 29.—Our market has been dull and quiet this week. The country de mand affording but little inducement to purchase, a few lots only have been disposed of. Prices remain uuvaried. The distressing state of commercial af iairs, generally, while it limits business, making snore than ordinary caution requisite, renders it more than usually imperative to obtain that fair remunerating profit, to which every man of business is entitled, as the reward of his judgment, his assiduity, and the outlay of his capital. Any system of trade, therefore, which destroys profit, and strikes at the root of all confidence betwi en man and man, creating sus picion, reflection, and complaint, becomes insupportably odious, and is a matter in which all honest tradesmen are interested, because aggrieved. In this light only can it be viewed. So long as a heavy article, like sugar, is sold at any price that will command early cash—so long as it is used as a stalking-horse to cover ulterior and loreign purposes—so long as it is made available to raise large sums of ready money to be employed in other schemes, or in removing any possible temporary appre hension—whilst this course is pursued, the prosperity or even the success of dealers in this commodity exclusively must be sacrificed ; and so long as the West India mer chants lend their property to be perverted to the destruc tion of its fair value in honourable trading —so long can I this stem be maintained. No exterior regularity, no plausible profession, will eve r make s uch - a vocation honest or creditable.—Bristol Mercury. FATHER MATHEW.—It is now positively. fixed that the celebrated philanthropist, Father Mathew, will visit Glas gow on Monday, the 15th of August. • SATETRDAY E-VENING, JULY_ 3a,__1842. AN I'l-CORN-LAW CONFERENCE. The Delegates met again this morning shortly after twelve o'clock, at Herbert's Hotel, Palace-yard; Mr. P. A; Taylor in the Chair. The UHAIRMAN commenced the proceedings by read • ing the following letters : "TO THE CHAIR lAN OF THE ANTI-CORN-LAW CON- FERENCE. "Bicester, July 28, 1842. " Dear Sir,—Ours is altogether an agricultural dis trict, and therefore the following facti will speak for themselves. Three years ago there was not one good house untenanted in Bicester. The still grow ing. distress of the nation had not then reached the occupiers of good houses in our .neighbourhood. Only two new louses have been erected within these last three years in our town ; and yet there are at this • moment no fewer than thirteen good houses, in cluding some good shops, in this small place unoccupied. The high price of provisions, but especially of bread, -is .the principal lock by which these houses are kept shut. " Tit ere are many good field-labourers in this neighbour hood, who have not averaged more than three days' work in the week, during the whole of this summer ; and what will become of them, if spared to see the winter, God only knows. Shopkeepers have declared to me that their trade was never in such a bad state before. A mason informed me a few days ago that he has been compelled, having nothing to do, to discharge his men, and that he did not know • what to do for want of employment for himself. He added—' A few years ago, when corn was cheap, I could make 5/. sooner than I can make 1/. now. All the. money that people can get is spent on bread.' I have here given you the good man's own story in his own words. A clergyman, to whom I lent The Sun the other day, said—' I see now that the Corn-laws cannot stand; they must be repealed, for though we advocate them they are not the " When with you in town a kind gentleman gave me a few tracts, A Dialogue on the Corn-laws, between a Gentleman and a Farmer,' one of which I gave to a farmer, who has, as the consequence of reading it, be come a firm advocate for the repeal of the Corn-laws. " Excuse my sending you these facts ; they are naked facts, and I have no time to make them either longer or shorter. . " With best wishes for your prosperity and happiness, and praying earnestly for the speedy, entire, uncon ditional, and everlasting annihilation of the Corn-laws, and of all Provision-laws. " I have*the honour to be, clear Fir, yours faithfully, " W. FERGUSON. " To P. A. Taylor, Esc." "Finsbury-street, London, July t. 9, 1842. " Dear Sir,—As a member of the Anti-Corn-law Con ference, I am anxious, according to my abirty, to pro mote the good cause that has called us to..lether. Allow me, then, Sir, to suggest the propriety of writing, through our Chairman, to the Wesleyan Conference, now sitting in London, praying them to take into their serious consideration, the present distressed state of our country, and urging them to use their influence with the Government in behalf of the starving millions. lam sure the Methodist ministers are deeply concerned, or ought to be, in the welfare ol the people from whom they derive all their support, not only for themselves and families, but the various institutions of Methodism, some of which are at the present moment suffering for want of supplies. And, I would ask, what Means could be used so likely to recruit their funds as a repeal of the Corn-law, which would cheapen the people's bread, and obtain for them employment, and thus enable them to give to the cause of religion that which the landlords pocket on the high price of food ? " The Methodists, as a body, have done much to en lighten this nation, and I trust they will lend their assist ance now in the cause of justice and humanity, in pro curinc, labour for the idle, clothes for the naked, and bread for those who are ready to perish. " I am, Sir, yours, respectfully, " ALEXANDER RENFREW SHAW. " To P. A. Taylor, Esq., Chairman of the Anti-Corr-law Conference." " TO TIIE CHAIRMAN OF THE ANTI-CORN-LAW LEAGUE. " Honiton, July 27, 1842. " Sir,—On behalf o 7 the friends of the Loague in this place, we beg to congratulate the Delegates in having obtained an interview with the Premier, and compelled him to hear stubborn facts. We have no hopes of ulti mate success, but as the result of continued application and perseverance. The powers-that be, will never yield to the claims of justice and humanity, until compelled by an oppressed and injured multitude. We regret that the friend who represented us at the commencement of your sitting, was obltged to leave town after a few days. The motto of every friend to the cause must be—" On w ard." " The pressure is comparatively little felt in this place, but still there is sufficient -to lead many to feel that something is wrong in the state of affairs. The poor rates are steadily increasing. For instance, in the year 1838, the amount paid on a property was 1/. 17s. Gd. ; but on the same property the amount paid, for the year ending 1841, was .11. 12s. 11d. " The dull cattle at the fair last week, ma, ine dm sale o) -..se a. lead some to ask—How is it? But, generally, the farmers credit what their Tory chiefS tell them—That all present distress is owing to the recklessness and bad management of the late Ministry. " Happily a more intelligent class is found in some parts of the country ' • and, supported by such, we hope that the League will never abandon the principle on which it was framed, nor cease in its efforts, until its object is accomplished—namely, the total abolition of the unrighteous Corn-laws. " We are, Sir, yours very respectfully, THOS. GROTIBE, R.N. " WILLIAM WRIGHT." Mr. 0. BEACON wished to ask the Chairman if any members of the League had entered into communications with clergymen or gentlemen of the Methodist persua sit n, for the purpose of urging them to advocate the cause of Corn-law repeal. Gentlemen of that persuaSion seemed strangely insensible to the efforts made for the abolition of the Corn-law. The CHAIRMAN said that no communication had been entered into on the subject to which Mr. Beacon had re ferred. He certainly could not help feeling surprised that the leading members of the Methodist persuasion seemed so indifferent to the agitation now going on throughout the country for a repeal of the Corn-laws, especially as a great portion of the members of that de nomination were greatly interested in the question. Mr. SIDNEY SMITH said that though the clergymen of the Wesleyan persuasion did not in general seem dis posed to countenance the efforts of the Anti Corn-law League, many individual Methodists sympathised in their endeavours. The fact was that the Wesleyan clergy seemed to have a tendency towards the Church. He re membered that when Sir G. Murray stood for Man chester, in opposition to Mr. M. Philips and Mr. Greg, he had the support of Dr. John Bunting, who came down specially from London to assist him in his canvass. Dr. Bunting might be considered as a sort of Pope among the Wesleyan Methodists. Mr. I3ROOKES stated that he had reason to know that a rumour which some parties seemed anxious to propa gate to the effect that a change for the better had taken place in the trade of Manchester, was altogether un warranted. He believed that no improvement had taken place in the trade of Manchester, or could be ex pected while our commercial policy remained unchanged. The experience which he had had led to the conviction that it. was nothing but the improvement in machinery which had prevented this country from being beaten out of the market. Mr. S. SMITH said at the present time the consumption of sugar by the people of France was three times as great as the consumption of this country, and it sugar were admitted as it ought to be into this country, no one could doubt that there would be a corresponding in crease in the c onsumption.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. PHILLIPS. of Melksham, Wiltshire, said that the neighbourhood in which he resided was in a worse con dition at present than it had been at any former period. To give some idea of it he would state that he was told the other day by a man who had a small field, the grass of which he wanted to have turned into hay, that on the circumstance becoming known he had applications from no less than forty labourers. his own trade, which was the cloth trade, he had been obliged to re duce one-third, not by discharging,; any hands, but by putting them on short time. Be had found it absolutely necessary to curtail his operations. He trusted that the country would at length be convinced that the word protection simply meant taking money out of one man's pocket and putting it into another man's pocket. Mr. CLARK, deputy from the parish of St. Pancras, said that he had that morning received a letter from Nottingham, stating that there was no prospect of in creased work for the stocking makers of that town, and that four hundred were turned out of work last Wed nesday. The party who wrote the letter had not the least idea. of his making use of it at that meeting. Mr. BONNER, of Walsall, said he wished to read to the meeting the following let:er : " Bilston, July 28, 1842. " My dear Sir, —To day the miners have continued to visit the collieries still at work, and they have in every instance compelled the men to desist. I have heard of four or five parties going about, each consisting of 400 or 500 persons, principally young men and boys. " The company I saw myself pass front Morley, through Bradley and Ilalefields, thence to Barber's-field, and Stonefield, consisted of about 500 persons, and they effected their object, al thou g h the p ro p rietors of the works were by. I have beard, in one or two cases, they plugged the boilers, so as effectually to prevent the mines being worked, and they threatened to injure any man they . might find at work after notice ; and they made inquiry as to the st ock of coal in the iron works, saying they should set fire to an y lar g e stock the y mi g ht find. Unfortunately for the iron men, there are no stocks, so that should the colliers stand out only one week, most of the mills and forges must also stand, thus increasing the evil by thro win g more out of employ ment than there arc now, which must not be. Daring their progress they have asked for food and drink in such a menacing way, that they have obtained it from the publicans and other respectable inhabitants to the extent -of what was in their houses. None of the parties are, however, composed of Bilston miners ; they appear to come from Bloxwich, Walsall, and Wednesbury ; and our miners appear not to like being compelled to give over w o rk three days before their notices for a reduction of wages expire. TWO hundred special constables were sworn in last night, and the military (a detachment of Dragoon Guards) arc at Walsall. One man has been taken up by our constables this afternoon, and sent to Wolverhampton, and an inquiry is now going on into the circumstances ; and as to the persons engaged in stop ping Messrs. Frimstone and Dimmack's mines at Bun ker's-hill colliery yesterday. We have no business, and so many porters come round that we are obliged to lock our doors, for it is difficult to get them to go away with out they obtain something. If this state of things con tinues a few days longer, we shall have a great increase of distress, and it is impossible for the masters to give the wages rsqu'red by the men, and sell iron at its present price, without bringing ruin to themselves ; be sides, there are no crlss, or nearly none, even at the ruinous prices now qUoted. The future is fearful to contemplate ; yet the present state of things has one good effect—it is bringing many to think with.ns, who, a few weeks ago, consider( d us wild and visionary. There is an increasing conviction in the MindS of the . masters and tradesmen that we must get the' trade with' the United States opened again, and that nothing will do this but a repeal of the Corn-laws. The Guardians, at the meeting to-day, have decided to give the stone breakers their bread, meat, and oatmeal as last week, but there will now be a great increase to the number needing relief. The working men deserve great praise For their patient and peaceale conduct under so much. privation and distress. They are now daily approaching a stage of suffering which will very likely produce what may convice Sir Robert Peel and his colleagues that the distress is reel. I should not be surprised at our county Members, who have hitherto supported his policy, uniting in a memorial for him to adopt more liberal measures with respect to trade, which, if they would do, it could not be long ere our wishes were accomplished, and the country again prosperous. " I am yours, " ROBERT BEW." " To the Rev. W. H. Bonner." lie was sorry to hear it announced that the Conference would break up on Monday next ; he trusted that the facts detailed in that letter, together with the alarming state of the country in general, would induce them to abandon their resolution. Mr. HOLLAND, from Liverpool, then said,—Sir, It is my painful task to confirm the accounts you have already land before you by Mr. Heyworth, and other gentlemen from Liverpool, of the state of trade there generally. Although the distress of the working classes does not meet observation so much as in the neighbouring towns, which are purely manufacturing, yet, on inquiry, the complaint of want of employment is universal, especially amocg the shipwrights, iron -founders, machine-makers, sail-makers, and all trades dependent on foreign com merce and shipping. You have already had a report from the Town Missions, as to the distress of the work ing-classes in thole districts, to which I may add, that the workhouse is crowded with a larger number of in mates, than is generally experienced here during the winter months. The number of unemployed masters of ships is increasing, and the shipping interest is labouring under more severe depression than has ever been known ; the numerous sacrifices which are being made in colonial built ships, (the larger descriptions of which are, indeed, quite unsaleable) re-acts upon the price of home. built ships, which can only be disposed of at ruinous rates. Vessels may be chartered fur a lower figure than can be warranted in the dullest times, the only alternative being to lose money by laying them up, or continue sailing them with a very question able chance of paying their expenses. The fact of this want of employment for shipping is conclusive as to the inactivity which,prevails generally in our foreign trade ; nor is the home coasting trade in any better plight, the freights, from my own experience as being interested in some of these vessels, having fallen to unremunerating rates. In fact, I believe that no foreign trade holds out any profitable employment at present for the merchant and shipowner ; nor is there any large article of import that is now brought here to pay a profit, and with very few exceptions, a loss is sustained by the importer, and low as prices were at the close of last year, a much lower rate has now to be submitted to. The mercantile community of Liverpool being mainly agents for the transmission and exchange of the products of the manu facturers, the larger share of these losses is sustained by the manufacturer, who gets each day a less return for his goods ; but, notwithstanding; the effects are thus removed in some degree from our Liverpool houses, still, a large number who are themselves engaged in the export and import trade are suffering extremely, especially those connected with our colonial establishments. All foreign markcta are glutted with our goods ; yet, in order to get rid of their stocks, the manufacturers are compelled to continue their shipments, thus competing against them selves and aggravating the evil. It is easy to say the remedy is to be found in limiting production ; this could only be accomplished by the infliction of still greater distress on the operative classes, and by the annihilation or abane donment of the mills and machinery of the capitalists. Nor is it less an error to argue that an increased export of cotton goods proves a diminution of the state of dis tress and uneasiness complained of. The larger propor tion of such exports are of cotton, on which the least amount of labour has been expended ; and the value of exports, when measured by the value of the imports re ceived in payment (the only true measure), shows a di niinished amour arrived in return. It is self-evident that this must continue to be the case so long as we re fuse to receive in exchange in foreign markets those articles which form the bulk of their productions, ani which are precisely those that would be consumed to an almost indefinite extent by the now unemployed masses of our population. The remedy, it is plain, is in our own hands, but what Sir Robert Peel terms the existing interests, insist on our not being allowed to apply it. I may instance the trade to the Brazils, a country fruitful in products which we stand in want of, particularly sugar and coffee ; a country which, despite our refusal to take anything of moment, excepting the cotton and hides, in direct exchange, still consumes four millions sterling of our goods. The constant reduction in the price of goods here stimulates a progressively increasing amount of exports to the Brazilian market ; the Brazilian shop keeper, who is already a debtor to us generally for a twelvemonth's previous purchase, is com pelled in self-defence to buy more of our every day, cheaper goods, or to shut up his shop, and be himself supplanted by another man. The necessary result is a constantly augmenting amount of stock cn credit, and an increasing difficulty on the part of the Brazil shop keeper and trader to meet his engagements, owing to the impossibility of our taking the only payment 7he can offer in direct exchange, and to his being tbrown upon the already-overstocked market or Continental Europe. Unless a change speedily take place the inevitable re sult must be the ruin of our Brazilian debtor, and the loss of great part of what he is owing to us. Sugar from. Brazil is now offered in bond at the miserably low price of thirteen shillings per cwt., or less than,lid. per lb., whilst our colonial sugar is Charged to its at three times this price. Nor must we forget that we thus lose nearly all the carrying trade back from the Brazils, foreign bottoms competing with us at extremely low rates to the continental ports. This result, too, is obtained after paying twenty millions to our coloniai'monopolists, and after a loss of twenty-five millions to tho public during the last seven years in the shape of the enhanced price of sugar. Nor has a proposition which was lately made for allowing sugar to be used here, for feeding cattle, and other agricultural purposes, been listened to. Is it strange that distrust of our motives, and' a gene ral outcry against our one-sirled intercourse, should pre rail ? The same picture may he drawn of our operations in Havannah and other markets. I shall not now dwell on the pretext sometimes advanced about not eaeon raging slavery ; this subterfuge is too gross, and has already been sufficiently exposed ; and all such attempts at coercing nations must be stigmatised as they deserve, whilst we continue to violate the principle we propose whenever it suits our purposes. In our trade to the River Plate the same results are manifested ; we refuse to take what would prove the most valuable article they produce—namely, their beef, except after paying a duty of Bs. per cwt., which becomes almost prohibitory, ,when the value of the article here is considered, my opinion being that it would become of very large consumption at a selling price of 2d. a 2i-d. per lb., but cannot come within the reach of the class who would consume it, and who, at present, seldom or never taste meat at a higher rate. Thirty thousand tons of this beef were exported last year from Montreal alone, nearly all which went in Brazil and Spanish ships to the Brazils and the Havannah, thus depriving ourselves of a most valuable trade, and furnishing the slave holder with a cheap and nutritious food to promote his business. If a market were affOrded here, 50,000 tons of this beef might be brought from those countries in our own shipping, giving at the low price of Id. ster ling per lb. an exchangeable value of about half a mil lion sterling, all which would be paid for in our goods. The same argument applies in a still stronger degree to our intercourse with the United States (whose agricultural products we have hitherto proscribed), and although the new tariff may, we hope, open some trade in this quarter, yet it is evident the high duties retained must naturally abridge any benefit that would otherwise be obtained from the vast amount of food pro ducts that she could give us ; and which, if permitted to be exchanged on terms of reciprocity, would, we have every reason to believe. raise up such a powerful interest in fli'vour of a free trade with this country, as would cement our friendly relations, and settle the tariff and boundary questions far sooner than any diplomacy can effect. I might extend these remarks to almost every country with which we trade, and point out the same re sults, but I should be occupying too much of your time, and probably re-stating what you have already heard be fore. I shall limit myself, therefore, to the foregoing remarks applied to those countries with which I am myself acquainted, but I cannot refrain from observing, that a complete reply is furnished by these facts to those who, like Sir Robert Peel, advance the proposi tion that, under present circumstances, improvements in machinery' may prove an evil. It must be evident that, were exchange unfettered, such improvement in ma chinery, by producing a larger quantity of cheaper articles of clothing, is equivalent to breaking up a new and fertile soil, for the production of food, inasmuch as you can thus present the settler in the new country with a great amount of stocking in exchange for his food and stuffs, thus inducing him to throw his labour into this new channel ; thus every improvement in machinery would be hailed with eelige;t by all parties, as conducing to increase the amount of com inodities which each party can offer in exchange; and the improvements in machinery can only be nega tive in their beneficial results, when, as in our instance here, a constantly increasing production of clothing stuffs is met by a stationary and' non-progressive amount of focd commodities with which to be ex changed. This is is our case. An immense inequality exists in this country between articles of clothing and tliose of food. We are not allowed to pass a limited held of production to correct this, but are told to trust to the chances of the season, and when, as in this instance, an adverse season ocurs, the disease presents itself in an aggravated shape.—(Hear, hear.) It is true that a remedy is attempted to be found by a relax ation of the prohibit, ry system in the new Corn Bill, but this cannot prove effectual; and if we look at the present working of the 'new law we find that the pro visions which it holds out to the. gambler must prevent it from ever becoming a trade of barter for the regular merchant. A large amount of corn, probably 1,500,000 ' quarters, have been bought in foreign markets by the speculator under the impression that the crop here might prove a small one, in which case prices might rule high here,,and the duty proportional ly low. The foreigner, equally alive to these scheme s, obtained a much higher price than would have been l aid under ordinary circum stances of a free trade ; but with the present prospects of a fair average crop here, the speculator is now paying a duty of Bs. per quarter, besides having to take a low price afterwards, thus suffering a serious loss in the shape of the extra price paid to the foreigner. In short 1. o regular merchant can venture where the 'lottery of chances is thus made still more hazardous by the law. It might be supposed that as the accomplishincnt of the objects for which the late Corn-law was ostensibly framed had utterly failed (namely, to secure an equal and abundant supply independent of foreigners), giving the framers of th a t l a w every credit for sin cerity in • their good intentions, they would abandon it entirely; but the reverse is the case and the bondholders now cling to the retension of the same prin ciple, although their motives for so doing must now be viewed as solely of a selfish character. They insist upon being allowed to attempt to supply the inequality which confessedly exists between the two articles of food, and the products of manufacturing industry ; to do this they have only to take poorer soils into culti vation, which is the same thing as using an inferior medium. And then they turn round anti complain of the continued improvements in machinery, which the ma nufacturer makes. So long as the other products of British industry are thus compelled to be exchanged for food raised by this inferior machinery of production, instead of being allowed to obtain the largest amount of food from the most fertile soils in every quarter of the world, so long must the inequality of the 'supply of food to that of other goods, or the so-called over-production of machinery and under pro duction of agriculture, be felt, and our industrious classes continue in the present state of distress. Such a system cannot, in my opinion, be too strongly reprobated, and the fact of one class in the community— and that a small one—thus creating such a general de rangement of the state of our social body, and causing the distress which we see around us, is sufficient to arouse the indignation which is now becoming so gene rally expressed. But I think it should not be forgotten that the power thus injuriously wielded by a certain class is based upon their having possession of the land. Now, the property in land is of that kind which has the least right or title to be made use of for merely selfish purposes, to the prejudice of the public. The right of the State Government to a ground rent payable to it as representing the public by the landholders, and the way in which the latter have contrived to get it converted into a miserably small annual sum, instead of paying in proportion to the increas e d value of their rentals, has already been sufficiently expressed to the world; but the claim to a ground rent from the landholders to the State, can never be extinguished by any such pretended com mutation for a fixed sum, and the principle itself dates from the first institution of property, and we see it re cognised in all the States ofEurope. It cannot then, Isay, be too str ai s l , y repeated and urged to the people of this country, that it is at the hands of that very class e ho ought to contribute more than any other to the comfort and well being of the community—being in fact the farmers of the soil for the public, and paying a ground-rent to the public for the use of the same—that it is at the hands of this class, in whose so-called property the public has such an undeniable and prior interest, thut they (the people) are doomed to have famine inflicted on them, thus super adding insult to injury. Bnt we are told by Sir It. Peel that the principles of free trade, though undeniably good in the abstract, cannot be carried out, owing to existing interests—in other words the landholding mo nopoly interest. How far the presumed rights to injure the public for their own supposed benefit may be carried, when it has no other foundation than the robber's plea ; that of being the strongest., unless, indeed, a prescrip tive right have grown out the practice of it, remains for the people of this country to determine ; but is it your part, gentlemen. to arouse them to the facts of the case, and to show Sir Robert Peel that there is a far larger interest than any of those who resist the applica tion of right principles, namely, the interest of the people of England, who demand justice at his hands. It must be matter of much regret to all of us, that principles thus admitted to be true by the Goverument, cannot prevail by the mere force of argument, but that you should be called upon—by the declaration. of the Minister himself, that he cannot overcome the influence of existing powerful interests—t 6 have to continue an appeal to the people on the one hand, and to the fears of these opposing interests on the other ; yet is there no alternative left us by the Government, and the progress we have made, and the justice of our cause, leaves, no doubt of the result in my mind. Although lam well aware that this Association cannot take up any agitation of a political character, I shall venture to make one remark in connexion with politics, particularly as the subject was lately adverted to in a speech by one of your members, !lamely, that it cannot be 'disguised, that in all appeals to the people to accomplish some great national reform, it does become an appeal to their numbers, determination, and physical as well as moral force, and that the Reform Bill and Catholic Emancipa tion were thus carried. It was a mistaken notion, it now appears, that the Reform Bill would cause the appeal to reason and justice in that House to supersede the necessity of again agitating the people ; but as all such agitations do place society on the verge of convulsion and of disruption, and where the rebellion of the belly may, as Sir James Graham says, sweep away all the social barriers, if a famine super venes in our present distress, before any remedy has been applied.--I do say, Sir, that I for one should very much prefer to see the people admitted to the enjoyment of political rights, and have all these questions discussed by their 'representatives in a deliberative; assembly : and, although I regret that I am aware this Association can not, as a body, join the movement which has been made in that direction, yet I trust no sentiments' adverse to such a movement will be heard here, and that, in their individualscapacity, we shall find numbers of the middle class joining to obtain their rights fur their fellow men, and thus giving a pledge of their sympathy for them, and of their indisposition to see themselves compelled to resort to these appeals to the people out of doors to force measures of justice from the Government. Mr. Moonn rose for the purpose of calling the atten tion of the meeting to ttie etlect which the Corn-laws had upon Ireland, which was solely and purely an agri • cultural country. If agriculture—meaning thereby far mers and labourers—we: e to derive pie ttection and support from the' protective system of the Corn-laws, then the farmers and labourers of Ireland ought to be the most prosperous in the world. It was now some years since Henry David Inglis made the tour of Ireland, and wrote an account of his journey. Speaking of the rate of re muneration received by the labourer, that gentleman said he was quite confident that if the whole yearly earnings of the country were divided by the whole number of labourers, the result would give under 6d. a day for each labourer in Ireland ; in speaking of their habitations, he said the only difference between the best and the worst of' the mud cabins was, that some were water-tight and some were not ; air-tight he saw none—windowless all scarce any chimneys ; no such thing. as furniture to be seen, unless a broken stool or two and an iron pot can be considered furniture. In Lein ster, Munster, and the lower part of Connaught, beds were far from common, and bed-clothes were not nearly sufficient. He went on to say that the destitute, infirm e and aged formed a large part of the population. and that three-fourths of the people died of destitution. " Their rresent condition," he said, "is shocking for humanity to contemplate, and a reproach to any civilised country." He (Mr. Moore) would now beg to refer them for, a moment to the evidence given before the Irish Poor-law Commission. From inquiries made of that Commission it appeared that the wages of the best labourers of Ireland, in the best parts of Ireland, and at the most favourable times, were 10d. a day for three days a week, or only sd. a day ; that gave to the labourer an annual income of 6/. 10s. ; there was no source whence his wife or children could earn a farthing ; and out of that 6/. 10s. he would have most probably to pay a rent of 11. 10s. a year for his cabin. It was further stated in this beols that 3,000,000 might be taken as the average number of people in Ireland who would need relief or parish assistance in the winter, and from the months of May to August. Now that was from an authority that must be credible. It was not prepared by an Irishman seeking to gain something for Ireland ; it was not prepared by a Corn law repealer, but it was prepared by an English Poor law Commissioner, sent over there to inquire into the state of the country. That was the condition of the country, and that was the condition of the labouring population, as protected by the Corn-laws. He now came to the small fanners, and their condition was little better than that of the labourers. The small farmer had scarce a better house, and scarce better provisions, than the labourer; he was obliged to sell the whole of his produce to pay his rent. The Corn-laws did indeed keep up the price of food in their markets, but it gave the whole of their produce to the landlord. The farms of Ireland were very small—an acre and a quarter was considered a good-sized one—and if a man once got such a one, he would consider himself happy and comfortable, and settled for life ; and they were thus minutely subdivided, as stated by Mr. Cobden in his " England, Ireland, and America," to meet the desperate competition of a people who had nothing but the land to resort to for employ ment. They had then the labourers in a state of absulu:e destitution—for they could not consider a man earning 10d. a day three days a-week in any other condition, and they had the farmers, as a mass, in constant and unnecessary destitution. Then the whole of the farming and labouring population oflreland were protected in a state of con tinued destitution by the Corn-laws.--- 7 jlear.) There was no amount of money scarcely that could, not be ob tained for the land. He (Mr. Moore) had known 1001. offered for the good-will_ of a farm of five acres, paid simply for being allowed to enter and live' there ; a rent of thirty shillings an acre was paid besides. A man had no outlet there for his faMily but the land ; sons and daughters mast either have land themselves or become labourers on the land for others ; and as the kondition or the occupier of a small piece of lend was a little bit better than that of the labourer, they preferred having a little land themselves to becoming the serfs of the serte of the landlord. Ireland had ao occasion to continue in that condition ; her sons were active and industrious— her soil the richest in the, world.—(Hear, hear.) The fact was, that wheat cropping was unfit for Ireland, that the Corn-laws held out unnatural inducements to continue wheat cropping, that the land lord, keeping out of the country, never turned his at tention to agriculture, and that he knew eothing at all about his land, save that he received so much from it every year. These were the causes to which Ireland's ruin was to be traced ; the people would be slow to give up their present habits, but they must do so before Ire land regained her place am , ng the nations. (Mr. Moore then read a letter from a practical farmer, to show what might be obtained from the land, if the pre sent system of wheat cropping was abandoned.) That letter showed that their present system of agricul ture, fostered under the Corn-laws, kept the farmer and labourer in incessant poverty, and proved indisputably that whilst manufactures advanced in this country, and whilst the means of being useful extended in every thing, agriculture had not kept pace with the race of Improve ment. The people were becoming more and more im poverished ; and those who were connected with the land, thought they did all they could if they wrung from the workman upon the land the whole of the profits he could raise from it. Now, see what would be the effects upon Ireland if the Corn-laws were repealed. The great product that Ireland seemed fitted to produce was it iX ; but. C, 11kt Al 111 'Urge (lUa.,;iti the great quantity of eater, the superior sun, - and great and constant care that were required to lo it to perfection, rendered it impossible to ,-cultie it in very large quantities—a square rood, andeiveti,a pe frequently , being the extent of a flax fie/1-' of Ireland, which was the pert best adapted for The c. - 01 J tivation of fl a x, gre w no n e ; i n f ac t, 100,000 aei.a the whole extent of Ireland occupied in the groeiPg flax. He was not prepared to say at present whorOli e l could find a market for any largely increased quantity" flax, but he knew that they could in Ireland, without difficulty, grow twenty times as much as at preser : This would give a staple manufacture, a staple traile Ireland ; that trade would be partly with England, with France, but principally with America ; end fro',, the island of Valen cia , en th e west coast o f Ireland, tb transit to America would be both safe and speedy. Et' o ' Valencia to New York, in the, the ship might Sto r e straight line ; the distance was about 2,700 miles, :eel O P passage might be perf o r me d i n e i g ht d a y s b y swine. Iry land had no trade no w , an d as surely as her-trade o destroyed by a law d es i gne d f or t h e purpose, so sur e ,, would the trade of England b e d es t ro y e d un d er a /fo r ,,' signed to protect the land. The distr e s ses o f I re land: o , o to be attributed to a system of agricult ure , f os t e red fl Corn-law, unfitted for the country ; and he wouldrcl mind them that they could not get rid of that systol. ° oo they got rid of the Corn-law, and called the atfeu t • of the people to the best means of improving their!, dustry on land.—(Hear, hear,) Th e y wou ld t hen 0 9 r , Wish manufactures in Ireland—a linen manufact!„, would be the first ; that would find employment for ; unemployed portion of the people ; it wo u ld repres, e o an improved system of agricultur e ; i ns t ea d o f bO l e employment one season of the year, they would 11 %, employment the year through ; inst ea d o f starvinfier home, they would have the means of exporting to ca fe nations ; instead of being a country at which the peel of the world looked with ast o nish men t, an d wonde be why it was so impoverished, its western ports eoeld,.„ ; crowded with ships from all other.quarters of the ghri l , instead of being a country w h ere no ra il ways ex istent i d ould be the pathway between this and America ; Ireland would have railways stretching out their F lo b rea d t harms throughout the length and of the lane England and America h a d ; t h e y wou ld get t h e ir br‘; from America, and send th em li nens i n return ; and, l stead ofthere being agrowingcompetition fur laud, ve . '' brought destruction on th e ee o pl e , an d ru i n on f' o e ! ; would be employment for all, plenty for all, peace 0 00 hold her sway, and prop e rty wou ld b e secure through` the whole country.—(Loud cheering.) , 440 Mr. ItAWSoN said that a ge n tl eman , - M r . le Platt of Glossop, one of the delelegates had ,just hel d the North of France to examine the state of the splin t i establishments there. lie would by the I..ave of Chairman ask him a f ew quest i ons. What kii,ty 'machinery as compared with ours, do you finddine north of France ?—I consider the machinery 1 1,6-5 , 1 ,1 fective. What are the masters giving in wages thousand hanks ?—They are giving from three 1 0 . : 5 0 times as much money wage s f or 1,000 'l':fo as we are giving. What :mullet of money is ;;1 0 to the French cotton spinner —say for• spin one pound of number 40 twist ?—Four pence per li () ,e in English money. What d ues th e E ng li s h spin ner y ceive in money for spinning a p oun d o f t h e same nu l9 : ; `of twist ?—On improved mules not quite one IA What amount of money wages eeekly will the le4 spinner make on the average spinning this quit yarn ?—From 20s. t o ' 25 5 . 11 h at d oes the 1 ' ( 1- 0 spinner earn vveekly at 4d. p er lb. f or sp i nn i ng 15s. Then to w hat do you attribute the hi g her o' u t ev earned weekly by the English operative, seeing tito French spinner gets four times the money the Pie workman receives f u r an equal: weight of y a rn ? Wt tribute this wholly to our s upe r i or machinery. Mei, French cotton -spinners improving their machinery i a Decidedly ; from what I saw they are at present tap their attention especially in th a t di rect i on. Are j - e r any new machine making establishments that came rr l e re your own observati o n i n th e N ort h o f France ?-""` et bf are several. I saw one m y se lf l ate l y estabiishe'pe English machine makers a t Li s l e , an d f rom t h e nl s d in which that establi s hm en t i s fi tte d up an d comfo rt il e el they are able to m a nuf ac t ure mac hi nery on the P o improved principles. Should you think, from ol tt ,? . if saw, that with the price at which yarns are sen d) ; 0 France English capitali s t s , with such m ac hinery o ie 9 now constructed th e re, would ' be able to realize a —I am convinced that an English cotton sP i o tv establishing concerns in France with the moder il d , chinery would realise a ver y h an d some pro fit indee we With regard to the opinion that machinery 05 3 60 cause to which the distr es s e d con diti on o f the oper a might betraced— • e e Mr. PLATT begged to observe, that about lo n ro bif ten years ago he had hi s mac hi nery ver y consid • e , 4 4 improved, and h e n ow emp l oye d t h ree t i me s as hands as he did previous to that time. • o bie l/ Mr. S. SMITH g ave a s h ort account o f a mee ting ro pf was held a night or t wo ago at Ch e l sea, w here 1 3 ! v e of all conditions i n lif e , an d o f a ll tra d es, includinfir 5 an d makers, plasterers, carriers, &c., came forwar,_ (l , ; ir r!' testified to the depression at present existing in t H i . st be spective branches of industry. He also stated t% t he had received letters from various Association s :,,, t io country, stating that they were anxious to .sendteo to the Conference to strengthen their handsi „ s sare them for the exertions they had made. 3 7 .1 , them that they had effected much good. be f o re Ll° Smith) believed there would not be ti n w ' ,re be: them ' breaking up of the Conferetce, to receive d ally ac' he believed that it would be of service to sen A co s u s n oc t ia o f t g o n o o a d t thatian .Manchester. t b e e n e n done to *s•S' The CHAIRMAN then said---••The . tirne has now arTI for adjourning. I had thwught I should have been ! J O to have announced to you to-day, whether o r not,' Conference would break up on Monday. It appears ~P : e 4 all means to influence the Government have been —it appears that but little moreean be .clone stibstitta i ! e s by this Conference. We' hive received eommunioAL the ~kati-Corn of distress from all parts of the country, and tile'D Ha r : e little more to communicate on that point. The Le's state of- the country; and the manifestations which ;0 become greater than they are at p resen t, ac t in t'so `` ir In the first instance, it makes many who are, h el .. e oe' sirous to be at home ;- and in the second p',ace, i t o r;" afford some argument, that if the distress of the CO% should manifest its e lf i n a grea t er d egree 0 1, has hitherto done in disturb a n ces o f th e public P e ) 1 0 or what is called so, which is taking food without . 0 4 1 / life cannot be sustained—(Ch eers )—i t m i g h t be d',sl,,ei!' that the Conference should still s i t . O n 3: 1° '0" next we meet again at the usual hour ; I hope is l er tendance will be as full as p o s s ibl e , b ecause it tfir bable that the question w ill b e su b m i tte d , w h e the r (o ' , time has arrived for the t e rmin a ti on o f t h e C o nfig or or whether it would be expedient for us to c onstru e the labours. The Confere nce i s now adjourned till usual hour on Monday. • ) The far-famed races o f G oo d woo d, w ith thelt DP scenes of excitement, are gone by for a season, and lb bell' race we arc likely to ha ve to report w ill b e at Lord ./.oc",aity seat in Staffordshi re , Sh up b nroug h H a l l, where, i t i° s'soll rated, vast numb ers w ill go i n t h e h ope of obtniniligbot portion of the costly and valuable contents of this mansion. Mr. George Robins will commence his olot ro ti' bours there on Monday next. The sale will . continue pre . , a period of sixteen days (Sundays excepted). During 1 ", sent week the visitors have b een very numerous. Ibe:cietr, is exceedingly favour a bl e . es p ec i a ll y i n respect to the itseot'e-el' collection of pictures and statues. The wines are annou ° c, be incomparably fine, parti cu l ar ly th e sp l end i d Cab i tse t pagne, of which there is still f or ty d ozen remaining, (Pier ningham's Sillery. There is altogether more than oi ,4 ' bottles of wine. The library is as valuable as it is es t ; and will occupy the three first days of the sale exclusiveu 'tef At Brighton, and other pl aces a l ong t h e CO Sussex and Hampshire, on Wednesd a y n i g h t, t h e wea tb e ' rif e sf beautiful, while one of the most awful thunderstorms oo„, f iet ts' visited London, and a conside ra bl e p or ti on of Mici" Surrey, and Kent. 45 # MISS ADELAIDE KENIBLE, A BRlDE.—Thet 3 ,„ r i, marriage between " Adelaide Kemble and John SO'lr, were proclaimed in the city churches here on Sunday last gentleman, who is about to lead this highly-accompli , he 4/ 11 and distinguished vocalist to the temple of Hymen. !, s ; r sl' l , Count Sartoris, and is reputed to be possessed of c010w,," '' wealth. The lady, we believe, although generally ite° ; ,?' this country by her maiden patronymic of Kemble, is It fir's and, we have been informed, has tw o c hild ren b y her fi r' haul living at Milan.— Glasgow Chronicle. :t 11; THE WEATHER AND THE COUNTRy .-~Trlttt lie f standing the unsettled state of the weather during the ti' ° part of last week, in this neighbourhood, the greater o e f tb of the hay then out has been secured, and antieipationsvie r ; corn harvest are beginning to haunt the mind of the Last night the air was exceedingly close, with indicati'i l er v„ high state of electricity. Fine weather is now desirable r e" iipening both of corn and fruit, the latter of which tta, s more abundant throughout the country: ConsideraloV hers of Irish labourers have already arrivetl, and insY, rir served persevering in a south-eastern course.— Sheffieio o te CURIOSITY AT WINDSOR CASTLE, —..A v ei) to tir resting natural curiosity has lat e ly arr i ved at Windsor d 0 where it has been placedupon a l arge pe d estal in the fo r vestibule (leading to the Waterloo Chamber), to e rfri public are admitted. I t was recently in the Royal C°°,gn tory at Kew (having b een sent as a present to the Sove re r e i t " this country, fr o m Chi na ), whence it has been eransWorrr Windsor Castle, and evinces, in a peculiar manner, th deL; ordinary perseve i ance and in g e nu i ty o f t h e chine,e,we it; ring the progress of the gr ow th o f p l ants , h ave disco%) tea°, means of so transforming or training th e i r root,. tfiogol:f them assume the shapes of various a n i ma l s . The . fo ot curiosity referred to, is supposed by some to be : the tb, e the large Chinese dog .rose, and by others te-,1 of root of the vine. It is about three feet in lengti i iary r e ' proportionate height, and bears a close and ex t r eel ta il , an d semblance to a lion, having the legs and feet, beau' body with its shaggy plane, most rudely perfect. A n; ALTERATION OF THE BANKRUPT LAW." ...- n o merous deputation waited yesterday, by appointmext . l3oo James Graham at the Hume-office, on the s ubj e ct of t rupt Amendment Bill. There were present Mr. 1-3'"W ee vi t ' Sir M. Wood, M P. Mr. Masterman, AI. P., Mr. Al. p., Mr. Mark Philips, IV. P., Mr Cobden. 31 • is., ' io rs l ' Parker, hi. P., and several other Members of Per 16,0 16 Alessrs. Dillon, Caltlecott, James, Smith, Spence, AP° attended as the Chairman and Ci.mmittee of the London AZ: c ieti tine: and Mr. Taylor and other gentlemen from the Law Grg' of Manchester. '1 he deputations were received by ham, accompanied by the Attorney and the Solicitor - _,-: v ie/ Mr. Commissioner Holroyd being also present. 11 ... t tn e s r5 e stated at some length the views entertained by the er e f the London Association, who solicited a postpon eme nt w or' mea s ure till the ensuing session, wit h a v i e w to its Sq l ; fully considered and amended. The postponero t e . n he fli e ld, • ported by Mr. Mark Philips, Mr. Parker, of that the " Alatthew Wood, and other Aleinbers, on the ereo S t '" d session, and that their constituents had not had time had not expected that the Bill would be pressed .hro.tiqeheopti:,..9 der its provisions. Sir James Graham received, tations made to him with marked attention, an d _h boubte communicate them to the Lord Chancellor (vvh° hacl as to the cour se in the Bill), to consult with his colleagues be adopted. A Ve r t ' i„d ov -na.. - RATHER ' CUTE.—A celebratcu d his frie",. penurious wife who, on a recent occasion, rer . red the gso c a e o in the drawing-room eith a single candle. ther stands.. candle, that we may see where the ness, my d ear ," said his Lordship, —to let us_h „ are a 'e c thuendreerrto.eli,tb°, T 1 i~3n _Soul 't - • TI Zsrl:•the • to 1.)( thr ba '3 efi c( 1) , It o'C ,; , r len die cot er n tre tra • d e th. it c i , 1)Y 1) , it, ti 441 '''1.1,.. Y~,`'' t 411, , 41 rl.lO 344.,