The Sun. — London, England, 1849-09-27 00:00:00

.rturtbEllttion BORDEAUX AND CETTE RAIL WAY.—(THIS DAY.) A meeting of the English shareholders in the Bor deaux and Cette Railway Company was held this afternoon, at the London Tavern, for the purpose of advising as to the best course to be pursued for their future interest. Mr. David Salomona was called to the chair. Thr CHAIRMAN explained that he had thought it desirable to call the shareholders together, to take their opinion upon the present position of the under taking. He had prepared a report for the occasion, which, with the permission of the meeting, he would read. The report was as follows : " The English board of directors of the late Bordeaux and Cate Railway Company have been fully alive to the duty of endeavouring to recover the caution money of their shareholders deposited with the French Govern meat. A memorial stating the case of the English shareholders was drawn up and transmitted by the chairman to the Minister of Public Works, and a copy thereof NITA sent to each Member of the Constituent Assembly of France. This course was highly approved of by our fellow-shareholders in that country. " After the election of the present chief of the French Republic an appeal was forwarded to him signed by all the English directors, on behalf of the English and French shareholders. Your chairman also went to Paris, and was honoured by an interview with the Pre sident of the Republic, who promised that the position of the claimants, both English and French, should receive the most liberal consideration. Your Chairman was in due course honoured by a communication from the Pre sident, who condescended to invite any further observa tions that seemed pertinent to our case. Your Chair man, availing himself of this permission, addressed the President accordingly; and in July last be went a second time to Paris,swhere he again had the honour of a most gracious reception. He then learned that arrangements were in progress, and almost matured, for a combination, in which the principle of a return of our caution money was a leading feature. This has since assumed a distinct. form; and a Projet de Loi is now under the considera tion of the Chamber of Representatives of France, for the concession to a company of a line of railway from Paris to Avignon, under a guarantee from the State of 5 per cent. per annum, upon a capital fully adequate to all purposes. The unfinished line from Paris to Lyons and many other advantages are to be secured to the new company; and it is put forward by the prorcoiters of the scheme, and as a part of it, that the caution money of the Bordeaux and Cette Railway Com pany shall bo brought into etccount and funded in gua ranteed debentures, which are to be issued at a price to pay nearly 5i per cent. per annum. These arrange ments can only be regarded at present as propositions, inasmuch as their ultimate fate must depend in the first instance on the report of a sub-committee of the Cham ber, to which the Profit de Loi has been referred; and in the next place, on the vote of the Chamber itself. But looking at the support which the present Administration has received from the Chamber, there is every reason to believe that some measure involving the return of the caution money will be adopted by the Assembly. Should this act of equity be carried out, it will realise what has ever been impressed on the mind of your arm in, that forfeitures or confiscations of this sort are repugnant to the feelings of the French nation. " The course hitherto pursued for the benefit of the numerous persons interested in the return of the caution money having thus been explained, you have next to be informed that it is at present proposed by the liquidator of the company in Franco that shares to bearer shall be issued in lieu of those now standing in the respective names of the shareholders. The sum of one franc per share will be payable to them at the same time. Al though the chairman is already authorized by you to do whatever he may deem most to your advantage, he has nevertheless thought it desirable that this meeting should be convened in order that he may put himself in personal communication with you, and thus ascertain your sentiments on the subject. " Though there is no doubt that shares to bearer are more convenient, yet it may well be questioned whether, in the event of the Bill now before ihe Chamber being either thrown out or essentially modified, the power of the English share holders to protect themselves would not be materially weskencd, by altering the existing form of their certificates. As the Chamber re-assembles on the lit of October, and the report of the committee will then be presented, your chairman would suggest the policy of suspending any movement until after that event. " The interest of the' shareholders seems to require that the projected scheme shall be carried out ; and therefore every assistance which your chairman can give to it, consistently with his duty to the shareholders of the Bordeaux and Cette Company, will be zealously and cheerfully atfirded. It will be a great satisfaction to hitinsel , , and those associated with him in the direction, to see a favourable solution of a question so materially affecting the interests of the shareholders of this com piny, both in England and in France. The CHAIRMAN said he would only add to this re p-It the simple remark, that past events had proved the stability of railway property in France. What ever might be said in this country to the contrary, such a thinglis a confiscation was unknown in France, while a general feeling prevailed amongst all classes of french society that the promoters of works like railways were deserving of the best protection the state could afford them. He was happy to say, in conclusion, that a project was now before the French Chamber for the relief of parties who were in the position of luving forfeited their deposits or caution money by the non-completion of their works, and he would suggest that they should remain in statu quo until they had seen the upshot of that measure. Lie moved that the report be received and adopted. Mr. BAGSHAW, Al P., seconded the proposition. A SHAREHOLDER understood that the new scheme alluded to by the Chairman would guarantee to a new company 5 per cent. on their shares. Now, suppose he objected to take up the new shares, how was he to get back his caution-inaney ? The CrIAIRMAN replied that the scheme did not propose to return the caution mm.ey in hard cash, and unless shareholders were disposed to take up the new shares, the only mode of obtaining back the cau tion-money would be to sell the existing shares to those who were The reiolution for the adoption of the report was then agreed to. Mr. LEVY said it appeared to him that they were in this position, that there was no chance of their ever recovering the caution mo ey, unless they paid up 121. 103. on some new shares. Now it was his opinion that railway directors were all a set of thieves ; he would take good care that he paid no 121. 103., hut allow his caution money to go into the pockets of the fraternity he had just mentioned. Mr. WALEY moved a vote of thanks to the chair man and his co-directors, for the attention they had paid to the interest of the English shareholders, and the trouble they had taken in preparing the report for this meeting. The motion having been seconded, was put and carried unanimously The CuAIRMAN, in acknowledging the compliment, repudiated the idea that all railway directors were thieves, and took occasion to express a hope that as railways were the great promoters of peace, Mr. C,b,ieti would lend them his aid in endeavouring to ch ain loans to carry out such works abroad. Mr. LEVY thought Mr. Cobden was a political humbug, and if he had any regard for the good opinion of the merchants of London, he would keep his advice to himself. A vote of confidence in the chairmanwas then passed, vlho was appointed to act as the attorney or agent of tho English shareholders in any negotiations that might be had with the French authorities, and the meeting adjourned. FRANCE. La Patrie contains the following paragraph on the atfliri of Rome : " Thu r itiation of affairs at Rome has become compli cated fur a , me time past. Our dip!ornacy experiences serious obstacles and a sort of ill-feeling on the Fart of the advisers of his Holiness. M. de Bellune has set out with propositions calculated, it is hoped, to surmourt these difficulties. The French Government, moreover, continues to act in accord with the other Cabinets in this important question." _ _ It adds that the debate on the Roman questicn will take place in the Assembly at an early period, and it i. said that the Government will take the initiative in the discussion when making a demand for a new credit. M. de Failoux left on Tuesday fur the Chateau de Stors, where he purposes passing some time. AUSTRIA. The Prieurseur d' Anvers, of yesterday, contains the following announcement, under the head of "Hungary," which we feel bound to republish with out vouching for its authenticity : " The news which we this day receive from Comorn do not bear the stamp of entire certainty. Letters from Presburg of tbe 20th positively state that Comorn has surrendered; that on the 18th two negotiators presented themselves to Field-Marshal Nugent, and that on the following day (the 19th), at five ()clock in the afternoon, the Imperialists entered the fortress. It is said that the Emperor has promised a general amnesty to the garri son. This news requires confirmation." Another letter from Vienna of the date of the 22d repeats this rumour. HOLLAND. The Lord Bishop of GUIANA, who is h at old u i lig ng various confir mations for the Bishop of LoNION episcopal churches in Germany and the , Netherlands,tthe held a confirmation here on Saturday last, a Episcopal Church. The church was completely thronged; fifty-two young men, who renewed their baptismal vows, received confirmation at the hands of the Bishop; they were members of the Church a t the Hague, Rotterdam, Amsterdam and Leyden. His Lordship was attended by his chaplain, the Rev. GEORGE GARDINER. On the following day the Bishop preached for the benefit of the Society for the Propa gation of the Gospel, when 114 florins were collected. The Bishop of GUIANA and his chaplain then went to the country-seat ofill. VAN BORUL VAN lI9GELAI'DEN. —Dutch Papers, Sept. 2(i. THE SUN, ITALY A letter from Rome of the 17th inst. contradicts the announcement of the arrival of M. de Corcelles in that city. He had sent a courier to General Ros tolan, and the General had an interview with the three Cardinals. The Papal Government con tinued to exclude from office all those who had served under the Republic. Announcements of an examination of medical men had been posted, in which it is directed that none be admitted who have lent their professional assistance to the late Government. The promotions made by Generals Durando, Ferrrri, and Pepe, are declared ;to be void, and 120 officers who had submitted to General Oudinot are dismissed. A new coin of five bajocchi (twopence) is about:to be issued from the Mint. M. Galli, Provisional Minister of Finance, had gone to Portici, in order to lay before the Pope a financial project for paying off the Treasury-bills, at the rate of 300,000 scudi every three months, by the sale of church property which is already mortgaged. The following correspondence pased between Gen. Pep 6 and the Municipal Council of Venice, previous to the General's departure for Corfu : " THE MUNICIPALITY OF VENICE TO GENERAL PEPE. " Venice, Aug. 25. "Excellency,—Venice, which has seen you take part in its privations and its sacrifices—Venice will always regard you as a brother, as a friend. It will be always grateful both for your noble intentions, and for the ardent sympathy with which you have wished to serve her. You have assisted this city with that love which is seldom felt but for one's own country; you have dis played a generosity which is unequalled. Venice will ever retain the most lively and sincere gratitude. In one of these moments when the heart, seeking an al leviation of the sufferings which overwhelm it, feels a necessity to pour out its sentiments, allow the re presentatives of the citizens of Venice, the faithful in terpreters of the wishes of all the city to address to you a testimony of their affection, and the expression of their prayers for the happiness which you merit from so many virtues. " The Podesta, GIOVANNI CORREL" REPLY OF GENERAL PEPE TO THE UNIVERSITY OF VENICK. " From my most tender youth an admirer of the heroic deeds of Venice, I compared them with advantage with those of Greece and of Rome. When, at a later period, being at the head of an army, I witnessed the peril of that illustrious city, I hastened to cross the Po, to march to its assistance, followed by those who sought for true glory in defying the pains of exile. During the fifteen months that I had the honour to defend the Lagunes, I found that the character of the Venetians had not changed under the weight of adverse fortune. It has required all the forces of a great empire and a mass of thundering artillery to reduce that illustrious capital, and at last it only yielded from a want, of am munition and from famine. You honour me with the title of friend and brother; I shall be both one and the other, Venetians, so long as n2y ,, ha u r G t L c i o ga n o u I' to The municipality of Venice has also addressed a letter of thanks to the Neapolitan officers and sol diers who served under General Pepe in the defence of the city, and where they supported with heroic devotedness the greatest privations and a series of daily increased perils. VENTILATION OF D WELLING. HOUSES VERSUS CHOLERA. Dr. Neil Arnott has published the following re marks on this important subject:—" I assume that most readers already understand, or will now learn, that the air which we breathe, and which is used to stuff air-pillows, consists of material elements as much as the water which we drink or the food which we eat—indeed, consists altogether of oxygen and nitro gen; the first of which forms also seven-eighths by weight of the substance of water, and the other nearly one-fifth by weight of the substance of flesh; and that there is surrounding our globe to a depth of about 50 miles, a light fluid ocean of such air called the atmosphere, into which near the surface of the earth certain impurities are always rising from the functions of animal and vegetable life, and the de composition of substances in putrefaction, combus tion, &c., just as into the sea and great rivers, some impurities are always entering from the sewers—all which impurities, however, are quickly so diluted or dissipated in the great masses as to become absolutely imperceptible, and eventually by the admirable processes of nature, arc decomposed and changed, so that the great oceans of air and water retain ever their state of perfection. I assume further, that most people know that fresh air for breathing is the most immediately urgent of the essentials to life, as proved by the instant death of any one totally de prived of it through drowning or strangulation ; and by the slower death of men compelled to breathe over again the same small quantity of air, as when lately seventy-three passengers were suffocated in an Irish steamboat, of which the hold was shut up for an hour by closely covered hatches ; and by the still slower death, accompanied generally by some induced form of chronic disease, of persons condemned to breathe habitually impure air, like the dwellers in crowded ill- ventilated rooms and foul neighbourhoods ; and, lastly, as proved by the fact that pestilence or infec tious diseases are engendered or propagated almost only where impurities in the air are known to abound, and particulary where the poison of the human breath and other emanations from living bodies are allowed to mingle in considerable quantity—as instanced in tLe gaol and ship ,evers, which so lately as in the days of the philanthropist Howard carried off a large proportion of those who entered gaols and ships, and us instanced in that fearful disease, which a t th e Black Assizes at Oxford, in July, 1577, spread from the prisoners to the court, and within two days had killed the Judge, the Sheriff, several justices of the peace, most of the jury, and a great mass of the audience, and which afterwards spread among the people of the town. This was a fever which did its work as quickly as the cho lera does now. Assuming that these points are tolerably under stood, I shall proceed to show that from faults in the construction and management of our houses many persons are unconsciously doing, in regard to the air they breathe, nearly as fishes would be doing in regard to the water they breathe, if instead of the pure element of the vast rivers or boundless sea streaming past them, they shut themselves up in holes near the shores filled with water defiled by their own bodies, and from other foul sources. And I shall have to show that the spread of cholera in this country has been much influenced by the gross oversights re ferred to. All the valued reports and published opinions on cholera go far to prove that in this climate at least any foreign morbific egent or influence which pro duces it comes comparatively harmless to persons of vigorous health, and to those who are living in fa vourable circumstances, but that if it find persons with the vital powers much depressed or disturbed from any cause, and even for a short time, as happens from intemperance, from improper food or drink, from great fatigue or anxiety, but above all from want of fresh air, and consequently from breathing that which is foul, it readily overcomes them. It would seem as if the peculiar morbid agent could as little, by itself, produce the fatal disease as one of the two elements concerned in a ccmmon gas explosion. The great unanimity among writers and speakers on the subject in regarding foul atmosphere as the chief vehicle or favourer, if not a chief efficient cause, of the pestilence, is seen in the fact how familiar to the common ear have lately become the words and phrases " malaria, filth, crowded dwellings, crowded neighbourhoods, close rooms , faulty sewers, drains, and cesspools, or total want of these, effluvia f grave yards," &c , all of which are merely so many names for foul air, and for sources from which it may arise. Singularly, however, little attention has yet been given from authority to the chief source of poisonous air and to means of ventilation by which all kinds of foul air may certainly be removed. A system of draining and cleansing, water-supply and flushing for instance, to the obtainment of which chiefly the Board of Health has hitherto devoted its attention, can, however good, influence only that quantity and kind of aerial impurity which arises from retained solid or liquid filth within or about a house, but it leaves absolutely untouched the other and really more important kind, which, in known quantity, is never absent where men are breathing, namely, the filth and poison of the human breath. This latter kind evidently plays the most important part in all cases of a crowd, and therefore such catas trophes as that of the Tooting school, with 1,100 chil dren, of whom nearly 300 were seized by cholera, of the House of Refuge for the Destitute, and of the two great crowded lunatic asylum s h ere , where the disease made similar havoc—for places so public as these, and visited daily by numerous strangers, could not be allowed to remain visibly impure with solid and liquid filth, like the Rookery of St. Giles's, and other such localities. Now, good ventilation, which, although few persons comparatively are as yet aware of the fact, is easily to be had, not only entirely dissipates and renders absolutely inert the breath poison of in mates, however numerous, and even of fever patients, but in doing this it necessarily, at the same time, carries away at once all the first-named kinds of poison, arising from bad drains, or want of drains, and thus acts as a most important substitute for good draining, until there be time to plan and safe oppor tunity to establish such. It is further to be noted that it is chiefly when the poisons of drains, &c., is caught and retained under cover, and is there mixed with the breath, that becomes very active, for scavengers, nightmen, and gravediggers who work in the open air, are not often assailed with disease ; and in foul neighbourhoods, persons like butchers, who ive in open shops, or policemen, who walk generally in the open streets, or in Paris the people who manu facture a great part of the town filth into portable manure,t r suffer e tevtehrey e l in itt e t yi of ventilation or dilutio n with fresh ai r i n rendering quite harmless any aerial poison, I may adduce the explanation given in a report of mine on fevers, furnished at the request of the Poor Law Commissioners in 1840, and of the THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 27, 1849 1 such circumstances. The moment, however, she uttered the words the prisoner, who was very much excited, rushed upon her with an open knife, and plunged the point of it into her right breast, and she fell upon the floor near the firepisce. Finding that she was stabbed, and that the blood was streaming from her, she endeavoured to raise herself up, but she was unable, and she then screamed out " Murder !" and managed upon her hands and knees to crawl to the door, when she became insensible, and recollected nothing afterwards until the next morning, is hen she found herself in bed, and felt :pain and exhaustion from the effects of the wound and the internal injuries she had received. She added that for nearly the whole period of her married life the prisoner was in the habit of exercising great cruelty towards her, and that she had been frequently laid up for weeks toge- ther in consequence of his brutal usage. Mr. SECKER inquired whether the prisoner was a sober man, and the reply was in the negative; the poor woman observing that although he was in the receipt of a competency to support his family in great comfort and respectability, yet that most of his earn ings were squandered in dissipation. Mason, 259 M, stated, that upon being informed that a woman was stabbed by her husband, he pro ceeded to the adjoining house, where he found the complainant in an exhausted condition from loss of blood, owing to a wound in the breast. He was then informed that her husband had inflicted the injury, and that he had locked himself up in his own house. He (the policeman) went there, and was about to force the street door open when the prisoner opened it, at the same time exclaiming that he had stabbed his wife; and he inquired of witness whether she was dead. Upon being told that she was still alive, the prisoner said, "Then I am very sorry for it." The prisoner here said, " What I meant was, that I was sorry for what had been done." The policeman, however, said that he had related correctly what was said by the prisoner on the occa sion. Ile subsequently asked the prisoner for the weapon with which the wound was inflicted, and he placed the knife produced in his hands, saying, that he was using it f or ano th er purpose hen his wife exasperated him. Mr. Turner, a surgeon, of Bermondsey-square, stated that on the night in question, when he was called to see the complainant, he found her supported by two persons, and bleeding from an incised wound in the breast, which he found on examination to have been inflicted with a sharp pointed instrument, such as the knife produced. The point of the weapon had penetrated the flesh to some extent, and was stopped by the ribs, otherwise in all probability it would have perforated a vital organ ; on further examination he had since ascertained that the complainant was also labouring under other internal injuries, which she told him were previously inflicted by her husband. He added, that she was going on favourably at present, and that she was in no immediate danger, although he was at first apprehensive of serious consequences. Mr. SECKER (addressing the prisoner) said— Having heard the evidence adduced against you, do you now wish to say anything in answer to the charge ? The prisoner, in reply, said that at present he should decline saying anything until his trial. He was then committed. CLE RKENWEL L. A portly, well-dressed young man, who styled himself Captain Richard Itlatty Smith, Thomas Lawes, and Charles Fraser, were placed at the bar before Combe, charged with having been concerned in numerous forgeries. Mr. George Mills, coachmaker, of No. 171, Alders gate-street, said that, on the 4th of September, William Huxley, the ostler employed in the stables of the Clarence Hotel, Aldersgate•street, called on him and presented a cheque for 71. 10s., saying he had received it from Captain Smith, who was sojourning at the Clarence Hotel, and he wished him (witness) to let him a dogcart on hire, as he was going to a party at Richmond. Witness agreed to this request, received the cheque, taking 15i., and handing 6/. 15s. over to him, and he left the place. Witness paid the cheque into the London and Westminster Bank, thence it passed into the Commercial Bank, Lothbury, and the Gravesend Bank, NI here it was found to be a forgery, and traced to Mr. Mills and Captain Smith, who said he received it from the prisoner Lawes. The name of Fraser was in the body of the cheque, as purport ing to be a customer of Messrs Mills and Co., of the Gravesend Bank. William Huxley, ostler at the Clarence Hotel, Al dersgate-street, proved having received the cheque (now produced) from the prisoner Captain Smith, with an order to take it to the last witness and hire a dogcart. He received 6/. 15s, which he had handed to Captain Smith. Mr. COMBE—Was there anybody else with Smith when he gave you the cheq ue ? Wi tness—No one was with him at the time. Arthur George Paul, clerk to the Commercial Bank, Lothbury, deposed that the cheque now pro duced for 71. 10i. was' paid into that bank from the London and Westminster Bank. The number of the cheque was 5,676 originally, but on careful ex amination it was found that the 6 had been erased at the end, making it 567. Mr. COMBE inquired whether anybody of the name of Fraser banked at the Gravesend Bank, or whe the prisoner of that name was known there? Wit ness—They have no customer of that name, and he is not known there. Frederick Collins deposed that he was at present lodging at the Clarence Hotel, Aldersgate-street. He saw the prisoner Lawes give the cheque to Captain Smith. By Mr. Hobler—The cheque is not in the same state as when it was given by Lewes to Smith ; the writing on the back of the cheque looked very like the prisoner Lawes's. James Beck, a clerk iu the Gravesend Bank, had been in that employ five years. They never had a customer of the name of Fraser in the bank. Inspector Brennan, G division, said that he appre hended the prisoner Smith at the Royal Hotel, Rich mond, and also the other prisoner, in conjunction with Harvey, G. The prisoner Smith, on being informed of the nature of the charge against him, said, " I should not care a d—n about it if I hadn't put my name upon the back of the cheque ; I did it to oblige Collins. He (the inspector) held the cheque in his hand, when the prisoner turned the cheque round, and saw his name upon it. Mr. Mills was present. The cheque was made payable to the witness Collins. Mr. Mullens, solicitor to the Association for the Protection of Bankers, said there were two other cases of a similar description ready to be entered into, and he called Mr. John Cuthbertson, of No. 123, Aldersgate street, bootmaker, who stated that on the Ist of September a messenger called upon him, and re quested him to cash a cheque. He proceeded to the Clarence Hotel, where he saw the prisoner Smithand Collins. Smith said he had received the cheque from Mr. J. H. Lawes, of No. 49, Moorgate str ee t. Wit ness kno ing Collins, and that he was soon to come in for a fortune, he did not hesitate, and immediately cashed the cheque, and Captain Smith took up the money. Fraser s name was in the body of the cheque, which was payable to Collins. They informed witness that Mr. Fraser was afllict2d with cholera, and after wards that he was dead. The cheque was subsequently discovered to be a forgery. Another case was then heard, and it was said that on being searched a great number of cheques belong.. in? to the various banks in England were found in the prisoners' possession. Mr. COMBE remanded the whole of them fora week. Youth is the vernal season of life, and the blossoms then puts forth are indications of those future fruits which are to be gathered in the succeeding:periods.— Eliza Code's Journal. GRAND CENTRAL DAHLIA. SHOW Or ENGLAND.— BIRMINGHAM, WEDNESDAY.—To-day the above highly interesting exhibition took place at the Town-hall, in this town. The exhibition was excellent in quality, but the quantity of dahlias not so large as was expected. The following are the first-class prizes:—Mr. C. Turner, of Slough, won the 100 guineas prize—it was certainly a magnificent stand of twenty-four- dahlias; Mr. Bragg, of slough, won the second prize; the third prize was won by Mr. Drummond, of Bath; the fourth prize, by Mr. Seeley, of Bristol; the fifth prize by Mr. Barnes, of Stowemarket; the sixth, by Mr. Lodge, of Manchester. THE GORHAM CASE.—The appeal in the case of Gorham v. the Bishop of Exeter, is expected to be heard by the Judicial Council about the end of the year. In addition to the usual law lords, including Lords Brougham and Campbell, but excluding the Lord Chan cellor, as being the presenter to the living, and thereby an interested party, there will be summoned, it is said, both the archbishops and a few of the bishops. The general opinion continues to be that the judgment of the Court of Arches will be fully confirmed. There is another proceeding going on—that in the Court of Queen's Bench, under the title of the Queen v. the Bishop of Exeter, the object of which is to compel the Right Rev. Prelate to institute Mr. G or h am to the living in question. This will be tried, it is understood, at Nisi Prius, at tho next Exeter assi zes . Sh ould it be decided against the Bishop, an appeal will then be instituted to the twelve judges; and should that result in a similar issue, it will then be carried to the House of Lords. Thus it may be a long time before the case is finally settled.—Oxford Herald. MR. AND MRS. CHARLES KEAN..--These popular artists have been performing at Portsmouth with ex traordinary success. The houses have been so crowded that the management converted the pit into stalls, all of which were instantly let at box prices. Mr. and Mrs. Kean will shortly appear at the Haymarket Theatre, but have previous engagements in Southampton and Brighton. THE HOP DUTY.—We (Rochester Gazette) un derstand that Mr. Hodges has recei ve d a letter from the Chancellor of the Exchequer, appointing to receive a deputation of the Kent and Sussex hop -planters in Downing•street on Friday next, at one o'clock, to pre sent the numerous memorials for the postponement of both moieties of the duty for 1848, coming due in Oc tober and November next. This it as ccmmunica.ted to the committee of Kent and Sussex planters by Mr. Hodges at ur4 a meeting of the committee on tilonday last at 511sPleh fact that the malaria or infeation - of marsh feveri, such as occur in the Pontine Marshes near Rome, and of all the deadly tropical fevers, affects persons almost only in the night. Yet the malaria or poison from decomposing organic matters which causes these fevers is formed during the day under the influence of the hot sun still more abundantly than during the colder night ; but in the day the direct beams of the sun warm the surface of the earth so intensely that any air touching that surface is similarly heated, and rises away like a fire balloon, carrying up with it, of course, and much diluting, all poisonous malaria formed there. During the night, on the contrary, the surface of the earth no longer receiving the sun's rays, soon radiates away its heat, so that a thermometer lying on the ground is found to be several degrees colder than one hang ing in the air a few feet above. The poison formed near the ground therefore at night, instead of being heated and lifted, and quickly dissipated, as during the day, is rendered cold and comparatively dense, and lies on the earth a concentrated mass, which it may be death to inspire. Hence the value in such situations of sleeping apartments near the top of a house, or of apartments below, which shut out the night air, and are large enough to contain a sufficient supply of the purer day air for the persons using thorn at night, and of mechanical means of taking down pure air from above the house to be a supply during the night. At a certain height above the surface of the earth, the atmosphere being nearly of equal purity all the earth over, a man rising in a balloon, or obtaining air for his house from a certain elevation, might be considered to have changed his country, any peculiarity of the atmosphere below, owing to the great dilution effected before it reached the height, becom ing absolutely insensible. Now, in regard to the dilution of aerial poisons in houses by ventilation, I have to explain, that every chimney in a house is what is called a sucking or drawing air pump, of a certain force, and can easily be rendered a valuable ventilating-pump. A chimney is a pump—first, by reason of the suction or approach to a vacuum made at the open top of any tube across which the wind blows directly ' • and, secondly, be cause the flue is usually occupied, even when there is no fire, by air somewhat warmer than the external air, and has therefore, even in a calm day, what is called a chimney draught proportioned to the diffe rence. In England, therefore, of old, when the chim neypers o b n r s e a s s i t t t w i n a g s always or s lsleeping in made in high m e r s haarnn room e w h e i a t h d s a o n f open chimney was tolerably well ventilated in the lower part, where the inmates breathed. The modern fashion, however, of very low grates and low chim ney openings has changed the case completely,for such openings can draw air only from the bottom of the rooms, where generally the coolest, the last entered, and therefore the purest air is found, while the hotter air of the breath, of lights, of warm food, and often of subterranean drains, &c., rises and stagnates near the ceilings, and gradually corrupts there. Such heated, impure air, no more tends downward again to escape or dive under the ehimneypiece than oil in an inverted bottle immersed in water will dive down through the water to escape by the bottle's mouth ; and such a bottle or other vessel containing oil, and so placed in water with its open mouth downwards, even if left in a running stream, would retain the oil for any length of time. If, however, an opening be made in a chimney flue through the wall near the ceiling of the room, then will all the hot impure air of the room as certainly pass away by that opening as oil from the inverted bottle would instantly all escape upwards through a small opening made near the elevated bottom of the bottle. A top window-sash, lowered a little, instead of serving, as many people believe it does, like such an opening into the chimney flue, becomes generally, in obedience to the chimney draught, merely an inlet of cold air, which first falls as a cascade to the floor, and, then glides towards the chimney, and gradually passes away by this, leaving the hotter impure air of the room nearly untouched. For years past I have recommended the adoption of such ventilating chimney openings as above de scribed, and I devised a balanced metallic valve, to prevent, during the use of fires, the escape of smoke to the room. The advantages of these openings and valves were soon so manifest that the referees ap pointed under the Building Act added a clause to their Bill, allowing the introduction of the valves, and directing how they were to be placed, and they are now in very extensive use. A good illustration of the subject was afforded in St. James's parish, where some quarters are densely inhabited by the families of Irish labourers. These localities formerly sent an enormous number of sick to the neighbouring dispensary. Mr. Toynbee, the able medical chief of that dispensary, came to consult me respecting the ventilation of such places, and on my recommenda tion had openings made in the chimney flues of the rooms near the ceilings, by removing a single brick, and placing there a piece of wire gauze will a liKht curtain flap hanging against the inside, to prevent the issue of smoke in gusty weather. 'I he decided effect produced at once on the feelings of the inmates was so remarkable that there was an extensive demand for the new appliance, and, as a consequence of its adoption, Mr. Toynhee had soon to report, in evidence given before the Health of Towns Commission, and in other published documents, both an extraordinary reduction of the number of sick applying for relief and of the severity of diseases occurring.. Wide experience elsewhere has since obtained similar results. Most of the hos pitals and poor-houses in the kingdom now have these chimney-valves; and most of the medical men and others who have published of late on sanitary matters have strongly commended them. Had the present Board of Health possessed the power and deemed the means expedient, the chimney openings might, as a prevention of cholera, almost in one day, and at the expense of about a shilling for a poor man's room, have been established over the whole kingdom. Mr. Simpson, the registrar of deaths for St. Giles's parish, an experienced practitioner, whose judgment I value much, related to me lately that he had been called to visit a house in one of the crowded courts to register the death of an inmate from cholera. Ile found five other persons living in the room, which was most close and offensive. He advised the immediate removal of all to other lodg ings. A second died before the removal took place, and soon after, in the poor• house and elsewhere, three others died who had breathed the foul air of that room. Mr. Simpson expressed to me his belief that if there had been the opening described above into the chim ner, near the Ceiling., this horrid history would not have been to tell. I believe so too, and I believe that there have been in London lately very many similar eases. • The chimney valves are part of a set of means de vised by me for ventilation under all circumstances. My report on the ventilation of ships, sent at the re quest of the Board of Health, has been published in the board's late report on quarantine, with testimony furnished to the Admiralty as to its utility in a con vict ship, with 500 prisoners. My observations on the ventilation of hospitals is, also in the hands of the board, but not yet putdishedp All the new means have been freely offered .to, the public, but persons desiring to use them should .be careful to employ competent makers. A BRIEF CHAPTER on OLD MAIDS. (From Eliza Cook's Journal.) The title of Old Maid, and the ridicule once at• tached to the condition of elderly female sisterhood, are rapidly passing away together. The world is becoming enlightened upon. many subjects. It no longer tolerates old evils; and amongst others the idea that women, unless married, are useless and neglected, querulous fault-finding busybodies; this idea is being swept away with other dust and rubbish of the past, amid the general clearing for the " good time coming." In society where good taste prevails, we now sel dom hear the term of "old maid," the milder appella tion of " single woman" being substituted. This is as it should be ; for wherefore brand, by what has, from association, become A ridiculous nickname, a respectable cl ass o f f ema l es w h o are i n no wise infe rior to their married sisters—nay, who are in many cases a thousand times - better ; for is not your old maid often one who has had to deny the dearest im pulses of her nature, and to stifle all her natural yearnings for a love and a home of her own, for the sake of others, devoting her life a living sacrifice to those who may be perhaps all the while unpercipient of, ungrateful for, her burdens and her. cares for them ? Oh !if these women be happy, persist in being happy, notwithstanding their renunciation of self and the lingering prejudice against their condi tion, why rob them of the smallest portion of their tranquillity by a silly jest or sneer ? It is a pitiable fact that young women, especially in the middle classes, often marry without love, without even esteem, for him with whom they wed, solely for the purpose of escaping the stigma attached by the ignorant and unthinking to the state of old maiden hood. Are we far wrong in referring to this dread of remaining unmarried, the numerous devices of vanity, the flirting, and dressing, and visiting which retard the growth of many a rational brain, and cause the fathers of gay, expensive daughters, to sigh °vs r their rapidly•diminishing means, and half regret the day when they rashly took upon themselves the cares, and risk, and burden of a family ? We know we are not. When old maids shall be invariably treated with the respect and consideration which are their due—when the last joke at their expense shall have vanished into the Lethe of forgotten absurdities— then will husband hunting be at its last gasp, and matrimony again be a sacred thing, Old maids' pets hare furnished occasion for many a graceless sneer, for much bitterness and affected disgust. And wherefore ? Surely those to whom circumstances, or their own sense of right, have denied the station of wife and mother, may expend a portion of the stifled love throbbing within their womanly hearts; and which, had they marri e d, wou ld have formed an inexhaustible provision of tenderness NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. Paymaster and Purser John Shea (1799) died on the 20th ult., at Norwood, in the 77th year of his age. He was on the retired list ; served in the Loire, and assisted at the storming of Muros Castle, on the coast of Spain, in 1808 ; and served in the Glasgow at the battle of Algiers. APPOINTMENTS. Acting Master—George Allen, late of Fire Queen, additional to the Victory, flag ship, at Portsmouth, for service, in command of the Sprightly, steam tender; George Williams, to the Wolverine, 12, fitting at Chatham. Paymaster and Purser John Hay, to the Hecla, steam-sloop, fitting at Devonport for service on the coast of Africa, vice half-a-dozen, whose appointments have been cancelled. Second Master—Gilbert E. Green, to the Sprightly. Midshipman—C. Ricketts, to the 'Wolverine. Master's Assistant—James H. Strong, to the Blenheim screw guard-ship, at Portsmouth. Boatswain—John Johnson, acting to the I'oictiers. Commander Wilmot Horton and the officers of the Superb, 80, at Spithead, give a splendid dejeuner, on board that ship, to•day, at Spithead. We understand Lady Capel will honour it with her presence. The Lieutenant• Governor, Lord Frederick Fit zclarence, Lady and Miss Fitzclarence, the Commander in- Chief, the Hon. Sir I3laden Capel, Rear 'Admiral Prescott, with nearly all the elite of the neighbour hood, have been invited. A steamer has been pro vided to convey the company to and from the Superb. Captain Purcell, of the Superb, is still on leave, in Ireland, and is not expected back till Oetolo@r. We are sorry to hear that Captain Worth, late of the Calypso, 18, in consequence of severe illness, has been removed into Melville llospital. The Wolverine, 12, was commissioned on Tuesday, at Chatham, by Commander Falcon ; the two lieutenants, master, paymaster and purser, and surgeon; have joined. PORTSMOUTII, WEDNESDAY. - The Switzerland, American packet, arrived from the river this morn• ing ; as there was a fine fair breeze from the S.E. blowing, she did not anchor, but ran into smooth water in Stokes' Bay, embarked her passengers for New York, and at noon proceeded on her voyage, going out through the Needles. THE EAST INDIES AND CHINA. There is very little news from the station. The Admiral is at Trincomalee. The Hon. Captain Keppel and the Meander, 44, was at Labuan, preparing to proceed to Sydney and the Pacific, en route to England. The China division of the squadron has been re duced to six sea going.,vessels, namely--Amazon, 26, Captain E. N. Troubridge (senior officer), Colum bine, 16, Commander J. C. D. Hay, at Whampoa ; Arab, 12, Commander Morris, at Shanghae ; Mari ner, 12, Commander Mathison, at Shanghae ; Pilot, 12, Commander Lyons, at Amoy; and the Medea, 4, steam-sloop, Commander Lockyer, at Hong-Kong. The sore feeling with respect to the recent Macao affair had subsided. Captain Keppel did his duty in using his power to enforce a right, rather than com promise a wrong by accepting the release of a British subject as a favour. The Arab has been most successful in scouring the China seas, and capturing and destroying the pirates that infest them. His energy will, doubtless, meet with its due reward. PORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY. —This day having been specially appointed a day of prayer and thanksgiving throughout the see of Winchester, it was observed in a highly decorous manner by the inhabitants of the place and its dependencies. The shops were closed and trade suspended, no " holiday" or " cheap excur sion" party seemed about, and all appeared duly im pressed with the solemnity of the occasion. The troops were marched to church without arms, and the band without their instruments. Special services were given in all the places of worship (with the ex ception of the Catholic Chapel in Portsea), and on board her Majesty's ships. The dockyard and all the Government establishments were closed, and the entire population presented generally all the " out ward and visible signs" of devotion towards the Giver of all .good. It is very singular that the Catholic Chapel above mentioned was not opened at the time all others were, and was a source of considerable in convenience and disappointment to that portion of the troops in garrison professing Catholicism, who marched to the chapel door, but finding no service, returned to their quarters. Some admirable sermons upon this occasion were preached to crowded con gregations within the district, and large collections made to relieve those in want through bereavement by the prevailing epidemic. The collection after the sermon, in the morning, at the parish church of St. Thomas, by the liev. J. P. M'Ghie, vicar, amounted to upwards of 56/. POISONIN G AT UIIELTENHAIII. CHELTENHAM, WEDNESDAY.—The adjourned in quest was resumed to-day before Mr. Mayer, coroner, at the King's Head Inn, and some evidence of a sin gularly contradictory nature %as brought forward. The first witness examined was Caroline Gregory, sister to the deceased Samuel and Elizabeth Gregory. This witness had been examined on the inque,t on Friday. She now added to her former statement that when her deceased brother Samuel came into dinner on the day when the whole family were simul taneously attacked, he inquired what was for dinner, and being told " Bread and cheese and cucumber," he said he did not like it. his mother then said he could have a rasher of bacon, if he preferred it ; upon which Barnett (now in custody) said, " Give him a dump ling, give him a dumpling, and take one yourself." The mother accordingly gave him one of the dump lings which had been made out of the flier and fruit provided by Barnett, and he partook of a portion of it, when he became very ill. This witness also stated, that when the dumplings were made by her deceased sister, Elizabeth, some of the flour brought by Barnett for the purpose was reserved by her for future pur poses. About half a teacupful was placed by the de ceased (Elizabeth) in a cupboard. 'When Mr. Hatch, the first surgeon called in, had inquired into the case, he asked to see some of the dumpling. None could be found, and he then asked if any of the flour was at hand, on which witness mentioned that which had been reserved, but on looking for it in the cupboard it was gone. Witness did not know who had put it away. The deceased (Elizabeth) had had some slight quarrels with Barnett. Barnett kept his room door locked when he was away. :Ur. Brookes, the surgeon, who made a post mortem examination of the body of Elizabeth Gregory, stated its result. He made the examination sixteen hours after her death, and found the external appearances presented healthy. The brain, however, was slightly congested, and there was rather more serous fluid at its base than usual. In the stomach there were about ten ounces of brown fluid, and the intestines generally appeared healthy, but the mucous coat of the stomach was much inflamed in two patches. The witness went into a minute description of the condi tion of other parts of the deceased's body, but, with the exception of the inflamed patches on the coat of the stomach, there were no other indications of poison. This, however, he added, was not at all unusual in cases of poisoning by arsenic. A widow, named Elizabeth Stephenton, a char woman and washerwoman, living in Sherborne-street, was next examined with reference to a conversation which she stated she had had with a young girl at the funeral of the deceased on Tharsday last. When the two bodies had been deposited in the graves, and the funeral service was ended, while yet the people lingered in the churchyard, a young woman named Harriet Stuart (now present) addressed her. Wit• ness said to her, " I should like to know where they got the arsenic from ;" and Stuart replied, "I know where, but I must not tell, for my mother would kill me if I did." Witness then asked her what arsenic was like, and Stuart replied that "it was very much like loaf sugar;" and added, that it was white arsenic that killed deceased. Harriet Stuart, a girl of 14, on being examined on oath, gave a flat contradiction to all that the last wit ness had stated. She declared that she had never seen Mrs. Stephenton before, and therefore could not have held such a conversation with her. She swore that she had never seen arsenic in her life, and did not know what it was. The witness, nevertheless, admitted that about the time when the conversation between her and Mrs. Stephenton was alleged to have taken place, she went to a shop near the burial ground, but had not entered the ground. She did not, according to her statement, stop on the road to speak to any person. However, Mrs. Stephenton persisted in her state ment as given above in her evidence. It was expected that the inquiry would have been brought to a close last night, but it was being con tinued at the time of the dispatch of our parcel. The CORONER, addressing the jury before they ad journed for refreshment, said be thought it was un necessary to protract the inquiry much further, end that there was evidence enough to send Barnett for trial, leaving him upon his trial to account for the possession of the poisoned flour. TEE BERMONDSEY I%lußDEa.—Yesterday .after noon Mr. Binns, the solicitor, forwarded an application to the Commis s i o n er s of Police for the remainder of the cash found in Mrs. Manning's possesion, the application being made on the ground that the amount is rcquired for the proper defence of . the prisoners . Man n i ng, i t is said, occupies his time in gaol principally i n writing poetry, and his compositions are generally p resented by him to his solicitor ROYAL ARTILLERY.—WOOLWICII, SEPT. 26. Major Desbrisay's company (3d batallion) has been placed, under orders to proceed to Ireland in the early part of next month, to relieve Captain Percy Benn's company (3d batallion), relieved from duty at Charm°. mont, and brought to Dublin, prep aratory to b eing ready onto thereturronstteorhfeoardfqo Ills Grace the Archbishop o f C anter b ury has pre sented the Treasurer of headquarters, service. aas the c om p any i s now first tho Colonial Bishopric Fund with & donation of 5001. LONDON, Nothing doing. TATTERSALL'S-THIS EVENING Six o'CLocx. " Liverpool, Sept. 25. " Sir Peter Laurie,—We perceive in the pothouse Mercury some correspondence with :you about an order to J. and G. Tidmarsh, whose answer, from collusion of a Post•office clerk never reached us, or we should have satisfied them. " The lying statements of James Reay, the clerk of the Adulterating Guardian Society in this town for the Corruption of 'Trade, we have frequently refuted before in the public journals, and the show of his countenance is as much against him as one look of your intelligent daughters would condemn him for ever ! " We belong to a church and association for the relief of poor debtors, the ugly sinner above-mentioned to an iniquitous one for their imprisonment, poisoning, and death without mercy; to a class of conspirators that stab reputation in the dark, like assassins, and print the most venomous libels on all who oppose them. " The accompanying documents will prove our long standing as merchants, whose acceptances have always been paid, and, as an act of common justice, we request your publication of these lines and vouchers, to contra dict your unjust reports. " Any letters addressed to us at Liverpool have found us for many years, and to this day we continue to receive them, and shall do so, in defiance of calumny, political differences, or persecution. " We pray for our slanderers, knowing their danger of everlasting fire ; being reviled, we bloss; being de famed, we entreat men to examine the truth; and, trust ing in God, we go on our way, rejoicing in a hope fa of immortality. a Yours faithfully, " T. P. Gmuona AND CO. " 4 Ho that r Alt th ever man must be just, ruling in tle fear of God.' "Sir Peter Laurie, Knight, Po - lice, Gui'd`tall,Lendon." The letter contained a couple of old eleques so ftr back as 1822 and 1823, one of them lei ig worthless, and bore the Douglas, Isle of Man, 1)(5 - mark, dated Sept. 22, 1849. At this moment a gentlem in from the office of the Trade rrotectzon Record weekly newspaper, en tered the court,' and addressing Sir Peter Laurie, said—l have attended here this morning to hear what takes place about Gilmour, in consequence of Mr. Tidmarsh having called at the office of the Trade Protection Record, and left there for the use of the editor a copy of a letter received by him this morn ing, and, as Mr. Tidmarsh is not in court, I take the opportunity, as you are now engaged on the matter, of bringing the letter under your notice. The letter was dated from Liverpool, September 25, 1849, and the contents were as follows : " Before directing their solicitors, Adams and Tilli ar d, to prosecute for libel, Messrs. T. P. Gilmour and Co. request the letter 'could not be found' to be sent them, to punish the Post- office clerk for his collusion with dirty Itcay, and by this post they sent ample proof to Sir Peter Laurie in 1,050 of their long standing. "Messrs. T. and G. Tidmarsh, MiFehiet-milters, Eyre-street-hill, Leather-lane, London." This letter also bore the postmark of Douglas, Isle of Man, September 24, although dated from Liverpool. Sir P. LAURIE said that Mr. Lister, of Basinghall street, received an order to the amount of 1201., but that gentleman was too deep for Mr. Gilmour. MAR YLEBONE. Henry Cowley, attended before Mr. Broughton by virtue of a summons obtained against him by Inspec tor Champneys, of the S division, for removing offen sive matter along a public thoroughfare. Bagshaw, 237 S, stated that, at two o'clock in the afternoon of the 11th inst., as he was on duty in Hampstead, near the Spaniards, he saw the defendant with a cart drawn by two horses, and as the cart passed him a most offensive effluvium issued there from. He directed defendant to stop, which he dice, and upon examining the vehicle he found it nearly full of the refuse of lime from gas works. Mr. BROUGHTON—Was the smell which proceeded from the cart very offensive ? Witness—lt was, your Worship ; it was as strong] and unpleasant as could possibly be - - - Mr. BROUGHTON—Was there any - name upon the cart ? Witness—Yes, your Worship. I saw the name of Lord Tenterden upon it. Defendant told me he was going to take the load to his Lordship's seat at Hendon. Mr. Smith, his Lordship's bailiff and gardener, said, that what the cart contained was intended to be used in Lord Tenterden's hothouses, for the purpose of disinfecting the vines and other things growing there, which were in a very diseased and unhealthy condition. Witness since the summons had been served upon him had written to his Lordship ac quainting him thereof, and he (Lord Tenterden) had expressed to him in his answer to the communication that competent persons believed that the proceeding for which the summons had been issued was not at all calculated to injure health. ne (witness) was also of the like opinion. Mr. BROUGHTON remarked, that in a case which was brought before him a month or two ago for a similar offence, it was clearly shown by the evidence of Sir Francis Knowles, who is a good practical chemist, that the removal of such matter along a public road was likely to have an injurious tendency, and in that case he felt it to be his duty to convict : in other cases of a like nature fines had also been imposed ; in the present instance he considered that the offence had be en prove d, an d h e s h ou ld or d er defendant to costs. Pay the mitigated penalty of 10s. and SOUTHTVARK. William Tupper was brought before Mr. Seeker for re-examination, charged with stabbing his wife, Sarah, in the breast with a knife. The complainant, who at one time was considered great danger, owing occasion, theo i wingto although still extremely ill, and infliction of the wound, aln ded upon attended was ac commo d ated w i th a c h a i r wh i lst giving her evidence. Sh e stated that she had been married t : o the prisoner for t wen ty-fi ve y ears , an d th a t f or nearly the wh o l e o f t h at period he was in the habit of ill• treating her. O n Wednesday last, the 19th inst., she and the pri soner h ad been out together, and on their return ho me t h ey found a young man there, who was paying hi s a d dresses and a b out to b e married to their daughte r , a young woman of nineteen years of age. The pri soner on entering the house on the evening in question seemed annoyed at the presence of the young people, and ordered his daughter and their intended son-in law to quit the place, threaten ing them if they did not obey the order. In conse qnence of the threats used on the occasion their daughter and her suitor quitted the house, when the complainant remonstrated with the prisoner for his harsh conduct, and told him plainly that he was a bad father for turning his child out of the house under fur some sweet infant; or may be; a whole rosy little troop of boys and .girls—surely they may at their pleasure bestow this objectless affection upon a faith ful dog, intelligent parrot, or gentle, domestic cat. Their friends are not bound to like these pets, nor even to approve of them, but that is no reason why our single sisters should be ridiculed for loving objects, which, though others may see nothing to admire in them, touch their lone hearts, and are perhaps the means of preserving in its living and purifying flow the well of sweet waters therein. And which in reality is the worthier of disapprobation ; the woman who in the absence of all legitimate outlets of her overflowing 'affection, fondles and carefully tends a favourite dog ; or, the man who neglects the wife of his youth, and seeks the convivial revel, wasting his substance upon the smoke of cigars, th e f umes o f wine, and the selfish indulgences of masculine dissi pation ? No I " old maids" are neither to be pitied or de spised. Of this we are in a position to speak, for we hare the pleasure of knowing several excellent speci mens of the class ; and we can assure our readers that many an idle, pleasure-loving matron might benefit by their example. Active, cultivated, ener getic, judicious, widely benevolent, th e i r scan t home ties leave them at liberty to diffuse their words of wisdom, and their deeds of kindness and of mercy, around a larger circle than can be undertaken by the strictly domestic woman ; and in th e constant exer cise of their faculties, and th e i r unt i r i ng devotion to the interests of their fello w -b ; i ngs, t h ey experience a solid happiness which surely is e qua l t o any t h at th i s changeful state of being can afford ; and we empha tically aver, that we have often observed the noblest and widest benevolence of conduct in the abused state of " Old Maidism." POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL. Sir P. LAURIE stated that he had received the fol lowing letter, accompanied by a circular, which ex emplified a plan for annihilating the class of mercan tile swindlers who, in spite of warnings and exposure, seemed year after year to succeed' in finding dupes, and he very much admired the plan adopted by the Edinburgh Trade Protection Society, and hoped it would be followed by all such societies elsewhere : " Trade Protection Circular-office, 25, St. James's square, Edinburgh, Sept. 22. "Sir,—l presume to offer to y our a cce ptance a copy of the • Trade Protection Circular,' with a lac simile of the handwriting of T. P. Gilmour. I see no way to stop the practices of these fellows so effectual as to expose their handwriting. Any merchant who had this fac simile in his possession would be struck at once with a recollection of it on receiving an ordeein the same hand, whatever name might be assumed. The expedient was suggested to us the other day by your valuable observa tions from the bench at Guildhall, in reference to the necessity of exposing these parties through the medium of the public press. Your many patriotic services of this nature have made the public much your debtor, and I am instructed by the proprietors of this circular to offer you their warmest thanks on behalf of the merchants and traders of this city. I have the honour to be,.l . Sir, for the proprietors, your most obedient humble servant, " WILLIAM HILL, Secretary. "Sir P. Laurie, Guildhall, London." Since the receipt of the above be had been favoured with a communication from Mr. Gilmour. The letter was as follows : THE COUNTRY MARKETS. LEEDS, SEPT. 2.s.—The winds have ruled contrary. Very few vessels hare reached Goole since Friday; the arrivals are eonseqthmtly moderate of all descriptions. The parcels of new wheat which hate appeared per rail from our own country are sold at barely Friday's rates. Old is without variation. Barley is inquired for. Oats and shellings steady. Beans and peas is lower. No variation in any other article. Arrivals:—Wheat, 7,351; beans, 218; outs, 482; barley, 1,755. NEWCASTLE, SEPT. 25.—Since Saturday the weather has been only indifferent, and the supply of wheat at market this morning, also small, met with little demand, the condition and quality being various. The samples of red of our own grosith reached 44s per quarter. Con trary winds prevailing, we have no arrivals from the south. Old wheat of all descriptions was in very limited demand, and to effect sales lower prices had to be sub- mitted to. Oats are the turn cheaper, and acme fine 43 lbs Scotch sold at 20s 6d per quarter. Barley and other grain unaltered. NEWCASTLE CATTLE MARKET, SEPT. 25, The number of beasts at matket this morning was larger than on this day Ives k. Quality good, and trade active at former prices. All sole. Supply of she( p and lambs good, but still not so large as we have had to notice of late. The whole number exhibited were all cleared off at former rates, with a brisk trade. Arrivals—Beasts, 570; sheep and lambs, 5,400. Prices—B, ef, 5s Od to 6s 3d per store; mum u, -Id to sd; lamb, 5d to .sid per lb. EDINBURGH MEAL MARKET, SEPT. 25.—There were in the market to-day 87 sacks oatmeal, each vieighing 2801bs imperial, whereof 70 sold thus:-0 at 1/ los 6d, 6 at 11 103 Od, Bat 1/ 9s 6d,. 22 at 1/ 9s Od, 10 at 11 8s Gd, 12 at 1/ Bs, and 12 at 11 7s 6d; average price of the whole 1/ 8s 7d 8-12ths. 5 sacks flour, whereof 2 sold at 31s, and 3at 295. 4 sacks barleymeal, whereof 1 sold at 235. 28 sacks pot-barley, whereof 12 :old thus: —1 at Il 8: Od, 2 at 1/ 7a Od, 2 at 115: Od, 5 at Il 44, and 2 at 11 Os Od. 2 sacks brosemeal, whereof 1 sold at 26+ 6d, and 1 at 265. EDINBURGH LiA.Y AND STRAW MARKET, SEPT. 25. — Supplies of all kinds large. Oat straw, from 7s Od to Ils Od per kemple of 16 stones tron; wheat ditto, 6: 6d to 103 Od; barley ditto, 6s 6d to 8s Od. Old hay, from 7d to 9d; new ditto, 6d to 8d per stone. DALKEITH MEAL MARKET, SEPT. 24.—There were 88 bags of oatmeal, 0 of burleymeal, and 0 of pot-barley at this day's market. Sales dull. Oatmeal down on the top is 6d per bag, on the second price 3d, and on the third Is per bag. Oatmeal, per sack, of 280 lbs. , imperial Barleymeal, per ditto Peasemeal Flour First Second Third .—28 s 28s Od 26s 6d —. —s Od —s Od —s Od . —s Od --s Od —s Od . —s Od —s Od —s Od ... --s Od —sod --s Od Pot barley COAL .131,11ihk, Buddies W. Hartley 153 9d Carr's Hartley East Adairs Main— Hasting's Hartley lss 9d llolywell Main ..... 158 Od Ravensworth'sW.Hart 14s 6d Canfield Moor l'antield Moor Butes l3B 6d W est Hart ley Wall's End, &c Clennell lss 9d Gosforth . Hedley _l7s 3d Harton Riddell's ..... ..... 17s 0.1 Eden Main Bell 1.-1' ETERDAY. Belmont lBs 01 Hetton Hutton Lambton Russell's Hetton 183 ('d Stewart's Whitwell Adelaide Tees South Durham l7s Od ISt. Helen's Tees !Tees ........ lBe Od DerwentwsterHartley 15s Od Howard's W. H. Neth lss Od Nixon's Merthyr and Cardiff 21a 6d Sidne) 's Hartley Ships at market, 51. MANCHESTER, SEPT. 26. STOCK EXCUAIiGE. —The transactions to-day were as fel low :—Dover (No. 4), Scrip, 6—Ditto (Registered), 5 1346 —Ditto, Old, 18 1 4— North Staffordshire, 7 3 4 dis.—Grimsby Docks, 6—London and North-Western, Quarters, % Stock, 110—West Ridi ng Union, 6 9 16 dis.—Manchester and Leeds, Fifths, Preference (Registered), 21% —Ditto, Fifths, 6 dis. Ditto, BIRMINGHAM, SEPT. 26. STOCK EXCHANGE.— The transactions to-dey were as fol low:—Caledonian, 14 3 4—North Staffordsbire, 7 (Bs. — Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A), 7 1-16 dis.—Ditto, Preference, ;4 4 p. YORK, SEPT. 25. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The transactions to-day were as follow :—Lancashire and Yorkshire, Preference, guaranteed 6 per cent., 51. 3e.—Yurk, Newcastle, and Berwick. 17% Ditto (Newcastle Extension), 11% ex in.—York and North Midland, 2114. FUGILIS3I.—R. HALEY AND J. CROSS FOR 50 1 . ASlDE.—These veteran pugilistic professors met on Tuesday, at Woking- common, in Surrey, to decide their_at° difference of opinion as t o th o b e tt e r man, in the n sense of the phrase. M a l e y i s we ll known as the ncon queror of Chute (1836), C oo p e r, Lynch, .m . n Hannan (a foul blow), the Chelsea Doctor, Sam Merry wan, ertrb.% man, and Cr oss whom , his present antagonist, day met f or t h e third time; the i r f i rst encounter in 1842 ending in a draw, and their second, also in ter minating in f ar ur Maley. Cross has also , l 8 4 2 h , a d a chequered c areer , h av i ng appeare d seve n times within the ropes, and wo n th ree occas i o ns . The battle w rather one-sided, Cross taking the lead early, and show ing off on Maley's head, which he did not seem very otpable of guarding. Nevertheless he countered often with his right hand, on receiving from Cross's left, but so slowly as in many instances to produce but little ffect. Finally, at the close of two hours, during which 52 rounds were fought, Maley's star declined, anti Cross was proclaimed the vico-. SHERIFFS' FUND SO ClETY._esterlay afternoon the annual meeting of the governors of this seciety . was held at the London Coffeehouse ; Mr. Sheriff FIIIDIB in the chair. The usual formal proceedings having been gone through, the report was read by the Rev. Mr. Davis, the secretary. Those cases of distress which induced the sheriffs of 1809 to found this charity hod prevailed to an unusual degree during the past year, at every session of the Central Criminal Court, and of course the operations of the society had been more ex tended. The different cases of distress were relieved according to circumstances, Some discharged convicts were furnished with tools to enable them to return to their work. Others were furnished with the means of reaching their friends in distant parts of the kingdom, if their conduct justified a reasonable hope that they would reform. Young women, led into trifling acts of dishonesty by a love of finery, were either sent to their friends or placed in situations as servants. Some wtre sent at the expellee of the charity to the Philanthropic Society ; and, finally, discharged pri soners, who hoped to redeem their characters in another country, were helped to emigrate to Australia. In the selection of deserving cases amongst the young women, the committeee were much indeb•ed to the exertions of the ladies' committee. The funds of the society during the past year had not received any great increase. The committee had received 2001 under the will of the late Mr. Andrew M`Lzan, in addition to the 1004 received formerly. The sum of 5004 had been set aside for the erection of an " Elizabeth Fry refuge" for deserving cases amongst discharged prisoners. The permanent funds of the society were 8.1001. in the Three per Cents., 1,0001. in the Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents., 1,0004 la the Reduced Consolidated Annuities, and 1001. per annum under the will of the late Mrs. Stafford. The committee noticed, with expressions of regret, the death of Mr. Cooper, the lute honorary secretary. On the motion of Alderman Sidney, M.P., seconded by Deputy Bedford, the report was received and adopted, and, after appointing Mr. Alderman Hooper treasurer , and Mr. Alderman Sidney tr ustee, the meeting thanked the chain/eau and separat e d. A LUCKY FlND.—About a week ago the wife of Thomas Reece, a collier, residing at North Wingfield, was rummaging up some old pit clothes that bad been laid aside for a number of years, in order to find a patch, and in the course of her search she met with a pair of old trowsers that had belonged to her husband's father, when she found the watch pocket carefully stitched up, and upon being cut open it contained a receipt for 551., which had been placed in Messrs. Wright and Co's bank, at Nottingham, by David Reece, in the year 1839, and who died in March, 1842. On Saturday last her husband received the above sum for him, _ with 111. 15s. 2d. inte rest.—Derby Reporter. A man remains of consequence —not so far as he leaves something behind bim, but so far as he acts and enjoys, aid rouses others to action and enjoyment.—• Eliza Cook's Journal. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Holloway's Ointment and Pills, a never-failing Remedy for the Cure of Scurvy and Scorbutic Humours.—Thomas Andrews of sutton-strett, Newcastle, had been severely afflicted for years with scurvy and scorbutic humours all over his body. He had been under the treatment of several medical men, but to no purpose, and at last he was pronounced incurable. The poor fellow then, as a forlorn hope, commenced using Holloway's Pills and Ointment, which so effectually eardicated the disease from his system that in the course of six weeks he was enabled to resume his former employment, and his skin is now as clear as that of an infant.— Sold by all Druggists, and at Professor Holloway's Establish• went, 244, Strand, London. 81127118 of a 7 ---- On the daughter 21st inst., at Port Madoe, the wife of M r . N. Solly, On the 22d inst., at Wendon, near Saffron Walden, asex, Mrs. T. G. Carter, of a son. On the 22d inst., at Bonvilstone-house, Glamorganshire, the wife of the Rev. R. T. Tyler, of a son. On the '23d inst., the wife of the Rev. T. G. Febay, Esq., of Great Quern -street, St. James's-park, of a daughter. AtARRIED. On the 24th i ns t., at Bassinghatn, Lincolnshire, Fowler Boyd Price, Esq., of Huntingdon-court, Herefordshire, to Sophia, second daughter of the Rev. D. S. Wayland, curate of Bassiugham, and vicar of Kirton-in-Lindsey, in the same county. DIED. On the 21st inst., at Apperley-court, Gloce•tershire, Juliana Sabina, third daughter of the late Sir George Strick land, Bart., of Boynton, Yorkshire, aged 85. On the 23d inst., at Canterbury, the Hon. and Rev. Henry Watson, brother to Lord Sondes, aged 53. On the 23d in -t., aged 67, John Woodruffe, Esq., of Dal ston, and formerly o Michaelstow-hall, Essex. On the 23d inst., at Leamington, aged 68, Miss Jane Tory, formerly of Wimbeunic, Dorset. London: Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 712, Strand, in the Precinct of the Skivoy, in the county of Middlesex, Thursday, September 27, 1849, RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. BRISTOL, SIIPT. 26. STOCK EKCIIANCIE.—The share market was much de pressed to-day. The transactions were as follow :—Great Western, Quarters, 11% dis.—Bristol and Exeter, 31 dis.— Ditto Thirds, 10% dis.— Midland Stock, 50%. LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 26. STOCK EXCI , ANGE.—The share mark et was rather better to day. The sales are--Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire • (late C. and B.), 6 per cent. till 1850, 13—Lancaster and. York Consol., Fifths, 6% ,dis.— London and North-Western, 112 Ditto, New Quarters, % p.—Manchest er , Sheffield. and Lincolnshire, Preference, Jul. 6s. 3d.—Midland, 53—South - Eastern and lover, (No. 4), 6;R—York, Newcastle, and tierwick (G. N. E. Purchase), 6 per cent. till 1850, 41. 18s. 9d.