The Sun. — London, England, 1824-03-16 00:00:00

' ' • , ^ .1> • - _ _ Plaa • , per 638 a icon. Dd a i \ " t". lk-r o - 17 - )E , A e • - )4. .• • /12 f47:(l'k ,- • - UN. 47.1: )s Oh cis 5 , od od . 8 od i --- - : „y • 1.1/1 4 / a A.17 4 7:bt , V ( 7 / it, ), pd Ss 06 TUESDAY, MARCH 16, 1824. PRICE StVENP.tNCt. NumBER 9848. 49 6 °d o il- - ss 6J i Od 1 ....4 8 58 lej.^ !tid os a si 06 7, 84 RIGA and PETERSBURGH HEMP, .4nd ITALIAN or CHILI HEMP. SOS °A 4 70 04 -s 041, By order of the Commissioners, 556 Ot 426 Oa 426 ett dated the 9th of March, 1121. a 19° a I;. Ba r' INg 0 3 " 541 26§ '' ar lel , Id I,e Il j tos oLr 95 a 3 9 '' 0 —4 Ns 04 31! (15 121 t)5 301 111 51:11' CONTRACT' FOR HEMP. Navy-Office, March 9, 1824, THE PRINCIPAL OFFICERS and GO M -111 ISSIONERS of IfIS AteIJESTrS N.41/Y do 44 " 4 4 give Notice, That on Ifednearsy, the Slat Instant, *NC o'Clock, they will be ready to treat with such Per eons ae may he willing to Com.reect for supplying ' 6 he delitered at His Majesty's Yards, according to a "aeribution, which, with a Form of the Tender, may be '7' 01 this Office. No Tender will he received after One on the Day of Treaty, or any noticed, unless the ort„,, or an A gen t for him, attends,. NoTicE is hereby given, by the LORDS CONIMISSIONERS of HIS MAJESTY'S TREA 3URY, that all Persons desirous of signifying their Assenr to receive £3 lOs. per Centum Annuities, in lieu of £4 pet e ttattm Annuities, directed to be paid off, in pursuance of Resolution of the House of Commons, of the 24th Fe -4%1447, 1854, in the manner therein specified, most signify 'nth Assent on or before the 6th April, 1954, to the Gavel l'oe and Company of the Banks of England, or of Ireland, aeording as the Dividends may be payable. Poems for expressing such Assent have been sent to the ' 4 eeeal Country Bankers in Great Britain and Ireland; and 44 f also be had of the Postmasters of every Market Town i n Great Britain and Ireland, as well as the Banks of Eng ikad and Ireland respectively. ,• B. The Assents addressed to the Banks of England and iestand respectively will be delivered (tee of Postage ; but :ere mnst be taken that they are put into the Post-Office in ""dent time to be delivered in London or in Dublin, as the 44 " nifty be, on or before the 6th April, 1824. CUSTOM HOUSE, LONDON, 13 MARCH, 1824. THE COMMISSIONERS of II MA JESTY'S CUSTOMS do hereby give Notice, that in 'sequence of directions from the Lords Commissionersof His Majesty's Treasury founded upon the following Resolutions of t he Hono ura bl e H ouse o f C omm ons of the 9th, and 11 th, and 12 th instant, th e y h ave instructed their officers at the several Ports in the United Kingdom, and at the t)laces specified in the margin, to receive into Warehouses under the C " e ntrY King's lock, at the expence and risk of the par -IZottingham ties, all raw and thrown Silk, and all Silk Ma- M acclesfield nufactures, upon which the duties shall have t t. been paid, provided the same shall be in pan- tities of not less than 300 lbs. weight, 4nd in the netne of one party, and provided that all raw and thrown Silk be deposited in such warehouses on or before the 25th March instant; and that all Silk manufacturers, the same being new, encut, and wholly of Silk, be deposited in such warehouses on ' 3l ' before the filth April next, in order to enable the several par `lee to avail themselves of the return of the duties on the raw and thrown Silk, and of the payment of bounties and allowances On Silk Manufactures, in conformity with the said Resolutions. T. WHITMORE, Acting Secretary. topy of a Resolution of the Honourable House of Commons, 1• That from and after the 25th of March, 1024, the several duties and drawbacks on the Importation and Exportation of several sorts of Silk hereinafter mentioned, shall cease and de. te nnine ; and also, that from and after the sth day of July, 31326 , the prohibitions on the importation of Silk Illaufac tures shall cease and determine, and the following duties shall be paid in lieu thereof ; that is to say— £. s. d On Silk, from and after the 25th day of March, 1824, viz. on Raw, or Knubs, or Husks of Silk, or Waste of floss Silk, the lb. - " - . 0 0 3 On Thrown Silk, not dyed, the lb. - - -0 7 6 On manufactured Silk, from and after the sth day of Ju1y,1826, for every 1001. of the value thereof, 30 0 0 Y. That f rom and after the sth day of April, 1824, the Boun ties on the exportation of Silk Manufactures shall cease and determine, save and except on any of such manufactures as shall have been duly shipped f or ex p or t a tion or shall hare b een warehoused for that p urpose, on or before the said sth day of April, 1824. 3. That upon Silk imported, upon which the duties shall have been paid, and which shall be warehoused on or before, and remain warehoused until after the 25th day Of March, 1823, there shall be granted the following allowances, viz.:— X. s. d. On Raw Silk imported from any part, except the Bri tish Territories in the East Indies, the lb. Oct Silk Thrown from Raw Silk, so imported, the lb. 0 5 10 o n Raw Silk i mported from the British Territories in tthe East Indies the lb. - - - .0 3 9 'On Silk thrown fr ' om Raw Silk, so imported, the lb. 04 li ll Foreign Th rown Si lk imported, not dyed, the lb. 0 7 2 QI:ly of Resolution of the Honourable house of Commons, dated 11 th and 12th of March, 1824. " That one half of the Bounties on the Exportation of Silk lanufactures, shall be allowed on a ll suc h M anu f actures as, 41,aving been warehoused, shall be taken out for home consump ''''n, within 30 days after the sth day of April, 1824. -----........_ 'FO BE SOLD BY AUCTION, ll ' Mr. SOTHEBY, at his House, WELLINGTON-STREET, ' ' VATE RLOO-I - IRIDGE, STRAND, on THURSDAY, TStareli 18, and Tw o following Days, at Twelve o'Clock, HE very Select and Elegant LI BRARY of %, .. the /at e R ev. D. F. PRATE, LL.D. of Bradfield, near •ilatiingtree, Ess ex : i ncludinz 441Folio.—Novum Testamentum Grarcum, Grieshach, V vol. .i. elegy ant in morocco ; Poll Synopsis Criticorunt, 5 vol.; H ome's Hebraica, Kennicott, 2 vol.; Macklin's Bible, 7 vol.; ..r_latne's England, to vol. Bowyer's Edition ; Valpy's Greek . I "hesestirus, all published; Daniel's Voyage round Great Bri tain; Portraits of the British Poets, 19 Numbers, large Paper, proofs on India paper, &c. &Lc. Quarto--Forbes's Oriental Literature, 4 vol.; Nlairrice's Ancient and Modern Hindosta svol. russia ; Harris and Donovan's Insects, 4 vol. n' Boyle's Works, ti green morocco; - russia • vol. russia : Calmet's Dictionary of th e Bible, 4 vol. . . 4 Ho . are's Giralclus, large paper, 2 1 blue morocco; Lull if istoria, Drakenborallii, 7 ton. vellum l.'l _,_• 'f aciti Opera, Bro -I.ler, 4 lom. morocco; Newtoni Opera, Horsley, 5 torn. rus sia; Plutarclii Opera, V s'yttenhach, 9 tom. russia; Brisker nyrlles Classic s , ruled, 7 vol. morocco ; • Sophoclis Opera, l'r‘unckii, 2 vo l . morocco, &c. &c. 0 `-itaro.—Virgilii Opera, Heyne, ti tom. morocco ; Horatii A -Prra t a Pine) Editio vera, 2 tom. morocco ; Tes.t ta a l t,,nturn Gr&curn, a Grieshach, 2 tom. morocco; MetasVo l. Nov= r ,Is tom. russia; IVatson's Theolozical Tracts, 5 % T!'olisla; Forster's Arabiati Nights, 5 vol. ' yellow morocco; 50 4 " h Quixote by 4 • Lock's Works, . v o l . . r.. _ s. ) , Jarvis, Edition, large paper i 4,,!: s ia ; Delphin Classics, Valpy's &c. &C• 1 7. 1 of England and Wales, 27 vol. large paper, &c. place ./ sioteic viinved, and Catalogues (price Sc.) had, at t TO THE PROPRIETORS OF EAST INDIA STOCK. LADIES AND GINTLZMEN, IBeg leave to inform you, that Tuesday, the 23d inst. is fixed for the ELECTION of a DIRECTOR of your affairs, and I earnestly and respectfully entreat the honour of your attendance at the India House, on that day, in my favour. _ _ I cannot, in adequate terms, express - my gratitude for the flattering reception with which I have uniformly been honoured during my canvass, or for the zealous and unremitted exertions of my highly valued friends. A continuance of the same energy cannot fail, under your kind auspices, to command success ; and, should I attain the object of my ambition, I beg you to be assured that my utmost attention shall be devoted to an active and conscientious discharge of the various duties which are in volved in that distinguished trust. have the honour to be, Ladies and Gentlemen, Your most obliged faithful Servant, J. PETTY MUSPRATT. New Bro a d -street, March 11, 1824. Mr. Muspratt's Committee will sit daily at the City of Lon don Tavern, where all Communications affecting his interest will be thankfully received. THE GREEK CO following LIST of TIONS Amount already advertised E. V. by T. and W. Wright, Nottingham .1:5 0 Sir F. Burdett, Bt. M.P. 3d sub s cription Esq.loo 0 C. C. v M.P. - 20 0 Ed. Lomax, Esq. 3 0 Per Mr. James White, Plymouth : W. Hodge, Esq. De vonport - 2 2 E. Lockyer, Esq. Ply mouth - . 1 8 J. Pridham, Esq. do. 1 0 Small Subscriptions 1 I 0 Paul Tate, Esq. - 5 0 From the Shade of Epa nimondas . 1 0 Phocion - 1 0 Miss Dunbar, per E. B. Sheridan, Esq. - 5 0 0. Halpin, Esq. - 3 0 Col. James Young 30 0 W. G. Rulston, Esq. Ayrshire - 5 5 Col. Palmer - 10 10 First Remittance from Cambridge, by Dr. Cornwallis Hewett 184/. 10s. 6d. Second ditto ditto 50 0 A Friend to the Greeks 4 0 A Citizen of Leith 2 2 A Lady . - 3 3 P. B. - 0 5 Greek Committee at Manchester - 500 0 3lessrs.Rickards,M ack- _ intosh, and Co. 50 0 J. V. Guest, Esq.... 10 10,- ' Mrs. Mary Hill 10 0 Rev. E. Eliot, Exeter College, Oxon 2 2 Rev. J. L. Richards, Re d v i . " Sos. Rosdew, ditto 1 1 1 1 Thomson Bomar, Esq. 10 10 A Lady - - 1 5 R. Manning, Esq. 5 5 P. Perrot, of Jersey 2 0 31. B. Lister, Esq. 25 0 The Oriental Students tnder Dr. Gilchrist : J. M. Drake . 010 W. G. Cotes - 010 J. R. Savage - 010 (Signed) J. C. JOII Crown and Anchor Tavern, 13th March, 1824. PROTESTANT ASCENDANCY, and NO POPERY ! rr HE BRITISH GUARDIAN, and W.PRO TESTANT ADVOCATE, a Weekly Paper, Price Sevenpence, devoted to the CHURCH and STATE, the AL TAR, and the TIIRONE, and sanctioned by several of the Chief Dignitaries of the Realm, is published at Four o' Clock, every Wednesday Afternoon, at No. 1, WELLINGTON - STREET, STREET, STRAND, where Orders and Advertisements, &C. are received ; and may also be had of all News-Venders. ion" 7 ,0 i ,scl' .oat , od ZOS MS Oa 6S ti‘t 04 Pau a f lo t per 8/14 , ji IVS" a t ag a ids a g 0; a IV' a 5( 4 a 65. Is 0 1, 1' 5 , 0 , , ......$ i )5 04; sack' f tif3t ice . °f ioau a $ 5l —, 04 Oat!' it s °l4 3.• ; 14 ' shel. FPO . 044 IMITTEE publish the DDITIONAL SUBSCRIP- - - - £7,645 8 5 T. M. Moorhouse 40 10 G. Richardson - 010 H. B. Harington - 010 D. Birch - - 010 F. Twynam - 010 H. Budden - - 010 HaPPe - - 1 0 W. Taylor - - 0 5 Stevens - 0 10 Geo. Sydney - - 0 W. White - - 0 10 J. Campbell - 0 10 J. W. Hoffman - 0 5 Henry Ashton . 0 5 Charles Wyndman 0 10 C. G. Harrell - 0 10 R. Loughman - 0 10 Ben. Wilson - 0 10 D. Shea - - 0 10 J. Pearson - - 0 10 H. Pearson - - 010 G. A. Paxton - 1 0 31‘Lauchlan - 0 10 Taplin - - 010 Buchan - - 010 N. M. Edgar - 010 ff ygin son 0 10 Showers - 5 J. Fulton - - 010 H. H. Doherty - 0 5 Walter Mackay - 0 5 Ist R em itt a nce from Li verpool, by H. Booth Esq. T re asurer to the Liverp o olGreekCom mittee - - 400 0 Rev. Dr. Bogue, Gos port 2 '2 - - Mr. Thomson, Hackney 1 0 Rev. Thos. J. Gosset 20 0 Rev. P. P.Dobree, Trin. Col. Cam. 2d sub. 6 0 Messrs.Loughman,Son, and O'Bnen - 30 0 From Montrose, by J. Bowick, Esq. 51. )Is. 2d. Hon. C. J. Shore - 5 5 A few independent Me chanics of Clapham, and Friends t o Re publican Freedom 1 0 H. L. Bulwer, Esq. 20 0 Third Remittance from Cambridge, by Dr. C. Hewett - - 30 0 l IIOBTIOUSE, in the Chair. N BOWRING, lion. Sec. PRIVATE EDUCATION. ABENEFICED CLERGYMAN, MAR RIED, and of long experience, both as Tutor to a Nobleman, and subsequently receiving a few Pupils into his own House, is desirous of filling uo a VACANCY, with a Gen tleman's Son, whose Health sir Education may require more than usual attention. His Residence is within a moderate distance of London. Letters left for the Reverend 11. C., Mr. Triphook's, Book seller, 23, Old Bond-street, London, will be duly forwarded. The following INTERESTING WORKS are preparing for Publication, by Ma. COLBURN, .8, New Burlington. street: EMOIRS of SAMUEL PEPYS, Ese. Se cretary to the Admiralty during the Reigns of Charles 11. and Jomes 11. and the intimate friend of the celebrated John Evelyn. Now first deciphered from the original MSS.; written in short hand, and preserved in the Pepysian Library. Printed uniformly with Evelyn's Memoirs, in 2 vols. 4t0., and embellished with Portraits of the Author, and some of the principal persons connected with the Memoirs. 2. THE MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS of JOHN EVELYN, Author of SYLVA, &c., now first collected.— Printed uniformly with his Memoirs, in 1 vol. 4to. 3. A New Edition of COUNT LAS CASES' JOURNAL of the CONVERSATIONS of NAPOLEON, comprised in 4 large vols. Bvo. with a Portrait of Las Cases, and four Views of St. Helena, from Drawings taken on the spot, by eminent Artists, and other Plates, price 2/. 16s. 4. MEMOIRS of GOETHE, the celebrated Author of " Faust," The Sorrows of Werter, &c. Written by himself, 2 vols. Bvo. Portrait, 245. 5. The HIGHLANDERS, a Tale by the Author of the Hermit in London, Hermit Abroad, &c. 8 vols. 21s. 6. A New Edition of MADAME CA MPAN'S ME MOIRS of MARIE ANTOINETTE, queen of France, and of Her Court, 2 vols. Bvo. in French and English, with Portraits. 7. A Second Series of HIGHWAYS and BY-WAYS, or Tales of the Road Side. Picked up by the French Provinces. By a Walking Gentleman, 2 vols. Post Bvo. 8. The Fourth Lilraison of NAPOLEON'S HISTORI CAL MEMOIRS. Dictated at St. Helena, to the Generals who shared his Captivity. Bvo. 9. MEMOIRS and POLITICAL RECOLLECTIONS of the COUNT de SEGUR, Ambassador from France, at the Courts of Russia, Prussia, &c. Written by Himself. 2 vols. Bvo. 10. GEORGE THE THIRD, HIS COURT AND FAMILY. A New Edition, with important Additions, and embellished with 18 Portraits, comprising those of the whole Royal Family of England, 2 vols. Bvo. 11. THE LAST MOMENTS of NAPOLEON. By Dr. Antornachi. 1 vol. Bvo. 12. A MANITAL for the PRESERVATION of HEALTH. By Sir Arthur Clarke, M.D., &C. Author of the Essay on Bathing. 1 vol. 12mo. PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, MARcii 15. PETITIONS. Earl SPENCER presented a petition front Shepton Mallet, for the total abolition of Slavery. Earl GROSVENOR presented two petitions from Chester, praying for the Repeal of the Duties on Publican's Licenses. The Bishop of EXETER presented a petition from Truro, against Negro Slavery. The Earl of CARNARVON presented a petition having the same object. Viscount CLIFDEN presented one from Leicester, signed by 7,000 persons, prayin g for the gradual abolition of slavery. Also one from Cornwall, and o ne f r om Rutlandahire, having a similar object. IRISH TITHES. Viscount CLIFDEN then observed, that he had petitions of a different kind to preeent from several Parishes in the County of Kilkenny, praying that the Commutation of Tithes Bill be repealed. The Bill having failed on this principle—the averages were taken much ton high. The averages were from twenty. five shillings a barrel of wheat -to forty-four shillings.—The medium was thirty-six shillings a barrel, which never could answer. The Noble Viscount called the attention of the House last year to the tithe question. There never was anything so unjust as the mode of deciding tithe questions, or the Bishops Courts. The struggle was between the tithe owner and the wretched peasant who occupied five or ten acres. Peace would never be in Ireland till the system was altered. Parliament ought to recollect that two Churches were laying on the loins of that country. His hope was, that their Lordships would see the justice and policy of taking measures to pacify Ireland, and thereby make it a mine of wealth. The petition upon ex amination appeared informal, and the Noble Viscount with drew it. The other petitions were severally read, and laid on the table. Mr. FAURE T„ from the East India Dock Company, presented an Account of the Receipts and Disbursements of that esta blishment. Earl DARNLEY presented a petition from Meath, in the county of Glamorgan, against Slavery. Also one from the Mayor and Corporation of Penryn having the same object. INDEPENDENCE OF SOUTH AMERICA. The Marquis of LANSDOWN, before opening the business of the evening, wished to know whether any answer had yet been received to Mr. Canning's last Dispatch, dated the 30th of January? The Earl of LIVERPOOL had no hesitation in saying, that there had been no official answer to that Dispatch. The Order of the Day having been read, The Marquis of LANSDOWN rose, pursuant to his no tice, to move an Address, praying his 'Majesty not to delay his recognition of the independence of the South American States. In offering a few remarks on this subject, he felt that it was not in his power to do more than to present an imperfect sketch of the great interests connected with the question : but if he was oppressed by its magnitude, he had no hesitation with respect to t h e ob j ect of the p olic y which he had to recommend to their Lordshi p s. If he had any apology to mike, it was not for prec i p itation on his part, but for having so long delayed to bring on this imp ortant ques ti on. H is reasons Would be found in the events which had occurred on the European Continent, and in Spain itself, and which had made it manifestly improper to introduce the subject during the height of the struggle. It was now four years since lie had submitted a proposition respecting the Foreign trade of this country, at a periodof great public distress. He had then stated his views with respect to the removal of all restrictions upon trade, and he was glad to find that other persons had now be come more sanguine as to the practicability of carrying them into effect. He had pointed out the South American provinces as the source to which their Lordships were entitled to look for relief not only to England, but to the world still stiffitring from the effects of the contest, which had destroyed in some countries the very elements of prosperity. wouldtlave been ungenerous and More so in an individual to interfere, for such an interference might f have been cou o the misfortunes of li a d unbecominglt tt te ly affected inth at House,tain a t n ws th e present Session, he would have been prepared to bring forward a motion upon s s t p r ua Spain. into A t a th w e that subject, had lie not then understood that a proposition had wish commencementt o take been made by England to Spain to whichucti an answer might ro be expected. But when after the 1 on of the Pa e t laid before the House , he found hi s confirmed P end sentiments, s t re ngthened by arguments and open Yviews timents, stated more ably than he could have done, for he was ltappy to say that in these documents lie saw much to applaud, I with one exception very little to condemn, he thought ; 1 11 1 i -( nself entitled to call upon their Lordships . to agree to an Address praying for the immediate recognition of South American independence. In doing this, he felt relieved fron t t h e on ly embarrassment under which he had suffered ; f or though he had reason to believe, from the explanations occasionally by the Noble given le Noble Earl opposite that this country was unfettered, and, in deed, it would have been an impeachment of the understand ing of his Majesty's Ministers to Sup ose that they had hound up the fortunes of the country with P tits views and intentions of other Powers which were know n to be te to ours, it was still more satisfactory to find pposite by the language of the Papers on tile table, that we had not only entertained but ex pressly laid claim to that independent course of action which it was most important for this country to pursue. The consi deration for their Lordships was. g an no a country offering im mense extent of territory and Population, embracing from 37 degrees of North to 41 degrees of South latitude, exceeding in magnitude the whole Continent of Africa, and the whole Russian empire. European as well as Asiatic, under circum stances of climate so diversified as to yield every species of production calculated for human enjoyment. And this coun try was already peopled by twent y one millions of inhabitants, composed, it was true, of different races, but proved not to be inconsistent with social order and felicity, and presenting in every scattered point the seeds of future greatness. It was such a country that their Lordships were now called upon to recog nize in the form of an independent State. Two points must be first considered—whether they possessed the right of making sncli an acknowledgment, and whether it would be expedient to use it. He mentioned the right, because thought the recog nition should be attended with immense advantages, he should never stand up to recommend the adoption of a policy incon sistent with principle. Right was paramount to all expe diency. It ought to direct the conduct of nations, and every attempt to depart from it could not prove otherwise than dis astrous. He knew of no other basis to try the question ofright, but to consider, let, whether the South American Sitates were de facto independent ; 2dly, whether there was any prospect that the old Government of Spain should be able to recover and repossess them ; and 3dly, whether they were in that state which would enable them to maintain the relations and duties of amity which ought to exist between independent States. With respect to the first, the de facto independence of the Spanish Colonies, hardly a question could be raised, except with re gard to one of them. As to the second, whether Spain pos sessed the means of reconquering them, he should only implore their Lordships to look at the state and duration of the contest, and the different members of the great confederation now united to maintain the independence of the South American Continent, and to resist by force any attempt to restore the ancient dominion of Spain. He should take those States one by one. In Mexico, which contained 7 millions of inhabit ants, and extended from sea to sea; for the last two years there had not been found one Spanish soldier, except a garrison of 400 men in the Castle of St. John of Ulloa, detached from the land, and by its situation able and likely to hold out some time longer. In Guatimala, which was the next State towards the South, there was not one Spanish soldier. In Colombia, which extended from the Orinooco to the Isthmus of Darien, after a series of contests which had lasted thirteen years, and since the reduction of Porto Cavello last autumn, there was not one Spanish soldier. In the State of Buenos Ayres, for the last twelve or fourteen years, no attempt had been made by the Government of Spain to shake the established order ; and the state of the public feeling in that country might be ascer tained by the fact, that although there had been changes of Administration or Government, in no one of them had the least disposition been manifested to call in the power of the Parent Country. In Chili, for the last four years, not a Spanish soldier had existed, except in a small island on the coast, which had an European garrison. In Peru, public events had revealed that a considerable party existed in favour of Old Spain. There was still in that province an army of 7,000 men under an able leader, who had even obtained some successes in consequence of misconduct in some of his opponents. But that army, unassisted by Spain, could not extinguish the inde , pentlence of Peru, supported as it was by the presence of Ge neral Bolivar, who had carried with him all that genius and vigour which had distinguished his administration in Colombia, and had formed a close compact between the two countries. Such was the state of those colonies. Was it within the range of human possibilities that after their independence had been established for fifteen years, they should ever return under the domination of a power, not only as Spain now was, but as she must continue to be for twenty years to come ; and that a population of ten millions placed under such circumstances, should be able to subdue one of seventeen millions, fresh in the possession of national independence ? With respect to the third point, whether those States were able to maintain re lations of amity and commercial intercourse with the other spuoewde,rsi,v without u sl t io d i i i s l d e u c ss o i n n s g id t e t h r ei le co their constitutions.ndu et which When they had pu he found them described by Prince Polignac in the papers on the table as in a state of anarch, and presenting nothin g solid, but false and dangerous theories, he must refer to their real situation to spew that the/ had proceeded on a sound principle of Government calculated to give solidity to a State. It was easy to assert that false and dangerotts theories prevailed, and that nothing was fixed in a country. The Grand Seignor might say as much when speaking of the French Charter, and if he adverted to the changes which that Charter had under gone, he might find as many good arguments to prove his as. sertion as the French Ambassador to assail the Constitutions established in South America: When he (the Marquis of L.) looked at that of Colombia, he found it resting on the two principles which their Lordships would be likely to recommend as its most proper basis, property and education. It spewed a disposition to exclude the multitude from taking a share in the Government, which would be dangerous in a new State, and it made the right of electing representatives dependant on the possession of land. A system of universal paro chial education had been established, and was in force throughout the country, and since the exclusion of the Spa niards there had not been a single soldier employed in the police of the whole State for the last two years, without any violation of order, or of the public peace having been com mitted on that account. "But that was not all. The Colombian Government had manifested to the world its power of carrying into effect a most important regulation. It had provided for the gradual extinction of slavery throughout its own dominions, and he would ask the Noble Secretary for the Colonial Depart ment whether that was not accomplishing a task of more than common difficulty ? A regular establishment had been formed throughout Colombia, and a tax set apart for the gradual ma numission of slaves. All children born of them were to he born free, and the arrangement had been so satisfactory, that not only no murmur had been heard, and no opposition raised, but it had been attended with a considerable emancipa tion of slaves, voluntarily made by the masters themselves.— This was highly honourable to the Colombian Government, and placed it high amongst those of civilized nations. But the French Minister asserted, that that country was so torn with dissensions, so filled with dangerous theories, and in such a want of solidity, that it was impossible to think of recognising its independence. Now there was a safe barometer of the solidity of a country—he meant public credit. How stood that barome ter ? There happened to be perpetually sitting in the City of London a Jury impannelled to try that question most fairly, for it was not carried away by any political bias, any monar chical, aristocratical, or republican doctrines, but was most perfectly and philosophically free irons absurd and dangerous theories. On consulting this Jury, he found that the value of the Colombian and other South American Debt or Stock fluc tuated between 67 and 82, and on looking at the state of the stock of that ancient Government of Spain, from which all so lidity was said to proceed, he saw that it was on Saturday last at 18 and 22 ! But as it might be said that that was the stock which Ferdinand had recognized with a mental reservation for future denial, he had looked at the price of the old legitimate debt of Spain, not in this country, for it did not appear to be marketable here, but in the market of Amsterdam, and had found it not to exceed 51 or 52, whilst the Government of Chili obtained 82 for its stock all over Europe, in proof no doubt of the dangerous and dreadful theories which destroyed its solidity and its credit. Tl'ere the South American States, he would ask, in such a condition as to justify any European country in attempting to alter their Constitution ? We had been invited to confer on that sub ject ; but if it were once admitted that Europe had a right to interfere to give a monarchical form to those Constitutions, let it be recollected that there existed a great and mighty Power on the other side of the Atlantic, the United States of North America, which would have the same right, and one sanctioned by greater propinquity, to interfere in order to not was c 0 1 e n a e r w t h i t a h t t w h 1. the et s hh t e a i t nr e e s i it n o h ( f el er t p h Eeonsndegelcnaocnuedn onces as established, bring the new States back to the principles and forms of de whether it s exerc i se Government lVaslt ter fere ? T h ei it r r i e g n h t a t i n o e f d r e t c o o gni sconsiderin g would be likely to involve this country into quarrels with other States. He did not believe that one instance existed in which the recognition of a de facto povernment had been made a g r ound for quarrels. There wer e two great and strik ing examples to the contrary. When the United Provinces of Holland had shaken off the Spanish yoke, this country had acknowledged their independence and formed treaties with them during a period of 60 years, during which the old Go vernment of Spain had delayed acknowledging them, and had in fact not clone so till the pea ce of Westphalia. In 1641 the Cortes had declared the Duke of Braganza King of Por tugal, and in the ensuing year this country, under Charles the First, had concluded a treaty . with Portugal and the House of Braganza, in which their independence was acknowledged, without any war or quarrel with Spain. The Noble Marquis then directed the attention of their Lordships to the state of the old world, to see whether it did not present inducements for us to strengthen them ourselves by establishing closer relations with South America. Let them not deceive themselves, and imagine that this country was placed in the same situation with respect to other Powers as before the French Revolution. It was then her policy to connect herself with one of the great military States of Europe, that in case of war she should be the better able to resist the aggressions of more powerful neigh bours, and to maintain the balance of the Continent. Now all was changed. Not one, but all the military Powers of Europe were engaged in a confederacy, on principles to which this country never had been and never could be a party. It was no longer a question whether by connecting herself with Russia, Austria, or Prussia, she could counterbalance the rest: amongst all the Powers there was not one with whom she could unite ; this was proved by the language of their own declarations, and the principles on which they acted.— o n o interfere States, In time of peace they maintained seven hundred thousand bayonets, and thus controuled all the proceedings of every thiso ti n o e na w nod i f t without leaving protect st theem i uha(ain(eiyp beene n d possibilityeneindependence daily of un folding ..r s of . country tThehe m consequencesti themselves during the last four or five years. Italy had been overrun, and was occupied by the arms of Austria, Spain by those of France, and every one of those countries was subject to have its Government overturned without any remedy, or any power on the part of this country to inter fere, except by expressing its pity. She must, therefore, look for an increase of power; that increase would be found in an extension of trade, and that extension in a more intimate connection with the States of South and North America. Of the effects already produced by our trade with South Ame rica there were tangible proofs in various returns before the House. In the first year in which the trade had been opened with that country our exports had amounted to 3,227,0001. In the next year they had increased six hundred and forty thousand pounds ; and though the accounts for 1823 had not yet been made up, he had reasons to believe that the augmentation was still more considerable. What therefore might be their increase were those countries established in the full and recog nised enjoyment of their independence ? An additional proof of the benefit arising from that trade was the fact, that a year and an half after it had been opened, coarse linen had been ex ported from the South of Ireland to South America, and an unhappy and dense population, hitherto without any resources of its own, had been rendered industrious' and quiet by admi nistering to the wants of the people on the ether side of the Atlantic. The Noble Marquis then contended, that as the sepa ration of the United States of North America have proved a 1 source of increased prosperity and commerce to this country,the independence of South America might yield the same benefit to Spain. He held in his hand proofs of what he was advan cing. They were returns of the exports of this country to North America during the eight years preceding the Revolution which had separated the two countries, and during the other eight years which had followed the last war with the United States, a period which left us nothing to regret but the dissension which had existed, and the ill-blood which he trusted bad ceased Ito exist between the two Powers. Our Exports to North America for the eight years from 1766 to 1773 inclusive: assist . ed by all these restrictions and monopolies - of which we were'. happily getting rid, were 2,441,0001, • In the last - eight-yeara they amounted to 6,905,800/. Our commerce with those•coun. tries in a state of independence, and.the wealth resulting from it, were therefore three times greaterthan when therwerecolo nies and dependencies of ours. This showed how false the •eo. lonia] principle frequently was when applied to the supposed prosperity of the mother country. On the more fertile soil of South America the benefits of trade might he expected crease still more rapidly. The population of the United - States had augmented in fifty years from two or three millions to. ten millions. That of Mexico and South America being at present twenty.one millions might he expected to increase in the same Mimi of time to fifty or sixty millions ; for the progress of the Population would be quickened by the comparatively small : number of Slaves in that quarter, and the regulations adopted ! for their emancipation. After having viewed the question under all its bearings, he would ask their Lordships whether there was any room for hesitation to adopt the course of policy which 'he was proposing ? He might perhaps be told, and it was indeed • the sole argument that could be used, that if he was satisfied, with the language held by his Majesty's Government, and their conduct in leaving the question open, he should acquiesce-, its some further delay. But if their Lordships were satisfied as/ to the questions of right and of expediency, and as to the pro■ priety of using that right, he called upon them to give the states of South America the benefit of a full recognition at the moment when they most needed it. Though he believed they , would succeed without it, yet it might serve to compose dis sentious within them, and to augment their weight with other, Powers. Why linger on the threshold when entrance was justified by every right, and invited by every state ? Why not assist at the birth of their independence, and become connected with the first sentiments of gratitude which it would inspire ? By no conduct on the part of any European Power could that independence be prevented. Could Spain, situated as she was in the occupation of a foreign army, and long after it should hare ceased, make any successful attempt to recover posses sion of those immense regions, and to re-enthral that population . which had drunk the watemof immortality and tasted the en nobling joys of freedom ? As well could she turn their mighty streams that flowed towards the ocean back to the snowy mountains from whence they proceeded, as to prevent civill . zation and independence from spreading from ocean to ocean, from mountain to mountain, over the whole extent of that vast continent. But though open hostility might not be resort ed to, concealed attacks, which certain Governments did not disdain to employ, might be used against the South American States. This would not prevent, but it might embarrass and retard their consolidation. It was for the purpose of strength ening them against such insidious attacks, and giving them sanction and stability, that lie proposed his present motion, con sidering it the best mode for England to adopt, and the fairest tewards the European Powers, to propagate her course by her acts, and to leave them to pursue their own. The Noble Marquis then stated that the only part of the Docunatnts laid before the House to which he objected, was that in which this country was pledged not to form any political connection with the States of South America}. He did not wish to prejudge what might or might not be the kind of political connection which should be established ; but lie did not see why this coun try should bind itself to the Government of France in this par ticular, yla:ra,orbtnieciofAtito: those Marquis u rm any arrangement which she might please. It was with great satisfaction lie repeated, that was the Papers, concluded representing,i moving vam ey an humble h the um opinion ble A d of his IVlajesty's Government, with which he was dissatisfied.— Ad dress, thanking his Majesry for his gracious communication of the Papers before the House, and praying that he might be pleased, without delay, to recognize the independence of those Countries in South America which were already free, and to establish with them relations of amity and diplomatic inter. cours e. The Earl of LIVERPOOL was most happy to be able to concur with the general principles which the Noble Marquis had laid down in the first part of his speech. If he had any surprise to express it was that the Noble Marquis, when he en tered into details and came to apply those principles, appeared not to have a clear notion of their nature. He trusted be should be able to prove this inconsistency as he proceeded ; but in the mean time he thought it advisable to clear away those practical he wan experience. e ready to admit He i t parts of the ground upon which there was no difference of opinion between the Noble Marquis and himself—and he might add with any tnan of sound and would not follow hint through the details of the exports and imports with Spanish America, because l that there was no commerce more important to this country, and more connected with its best interests, than that which existed between Great Britain and the States of America, whether in the North or the South of that Continent. But there was One fel lacy in the principle which had been built upon this circum , stance, into which most persons fell, which he wished to correct. It was not considered that when allusion was made to the ports of Buenos Ayres, Mexico, or Colombia, a very considerable commerce already existed in those countries, when op the face of the Custom-House books there were no appearances of any commerce at all. The same was the casein the commerce with the Brazils ; and the reason was, that it was carried on in an indirect and circuitous manner. The commerce, however, was now direct ; and be thought it therefore the fairest way of look efor official ty-thr returns, s i the tiia ing at the su bj ect , to ta k e a ll A mer i ca toget h er . A gr e e t d ea l of the exp orts i t was k nown went to t h e West Indies and to Canada; but in round number s lie might state, according to. t ve t ohfoltebeosfeStwrietinsthy-OExnpe millionsorts amounted to went to Europe ; seventeen millions to North and South America ; and five millions to the East Indies. He was therefore ready to agree with the Noble Marquis, who would not accu se him of being friendly to restrictions, hat in proportion as they were taken off, and commerce was made direct, it must increase, and with it the prosperity of the country. It was also to be consi dered that those states were agricultural states, and not manu facturing ones, which arlbrded additional advantages for com mercial intercourse. As to the notion that Spain in her Present condition, or even as she had ever been, could have the means by her own power of reconquering her colonies, he regarded it fully as chimerical and absurd as the Noble Mar quis had done. But before he proceeded farther he considered it necessary to call to the recollection of their Lordships certain circumstances connected with our former relations to that country, for without referring to those circumstances, they could not judge of the station in which we now stood. It was well known that long before the Spanish Revolution in 1808, there was a strong, a natural feeling that the period was not distant when the colonies would emancipate themselves from the Mother Country. It was, indeed perfectly obvious, that whatever relations might have subsisted between the Mother Country and her Colonies, provinces containing six teen or seventeen millions of people, could not long be held in the thraldom in which these dominions were. It would then have been a material question for the Government of that country, taking example from us, prudently and wise ly in time to have considered of the propriety of relaxing her monopoly and establishing a system in her Colonies which would be more compatible to their situation. In 1808, in consequence of an aggression which was without parallel in the history of nations, the people of Spain rose against the French ; and their Lordships would recollect the enthusiasm which prevailed in this country, and the arrival of Deputies from Spain requesting our aid. On that occasion many different opinions were entertained by different persons upon the line of policy which we ought to pursue. Some, who were more jealous of liberal policy, thought that this country ought to support the Mother Country sgainst the French ; while others, and they were not inconsiderable persons, thought that the contest in Spain must fail, and that we should take advantage of what took place, to separate the colonies front her and from a con nection with them. But the more generous policy prevailed, and the result proved it to be the most prudent course, as it ultimately led to the security of Spain and the tranquillity of the world. Whatever line of policy was adopted towards Spain, should also have been fairly anti honestly pursued towards all her dependencies. This had been done. In our declaration the integrity of the Spanish dominions had been stated to be the object of the policy of this country, and the declaration had been applauded by persons of all opinions at the time. The Revolution in Spain was extended by insurrections in the Co lonies, but it was not known whether they entertained any intention at that period of separating thems:thres from the mother country, though it was to be expected that they would stipulate for greater privileges than they had hitherto possessed. There was, however, but one honest course for us to pursue, and we had taken it. We had the advantage of a free trade with South America, and Spain could not refuse it ; but from 1810, when the first notice was had of the rising in these Provinces, we offered our mediation to the Provisional Governments, in order to attempt a reconciliation between the Mother and her Colonies ; and it was most material to observe, that from 1810, and during the whole war, and after it—whether Spain was go verned by a Provisional Junta, by the Cones, or when the King