The Sun. — London, England, 1855-10-22 00:00:00

THE SECOND EXAMINATION FOR THE INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE. (Continued from owwr impression of Saturday.) At Madras the civilian is expected to pass in Telugu and Tamil ; and these again have been found insufficient, so that it has been deemed ne cessary to offer rewards for the acquirement of Kanarese, Malayalim, Mahrattee, and Hindos- tanee. At Bombay the required languages are Hindos tanee, with either Mahrattee or Guzeratee, arid now Scindee forms a useful addition, making 13 languages, e very one of which is:of greater or lesser necessity. Professor Wilson, who is more competent to give au opinion on this subject thananybody else, says— " it is of vital importance that the young civilian should be qualified for the public service in the shortest period practicable after his arrival in India. Until he is so qualified he is a dead weight upon the Government. He is paid for rendering himself serviceable, doing no service for his pay. Delay is also full of peril to him self, exposing him to the allurements of idleness, if not of vice, and drawing him into extravagance and debt, the effect of which may seriously embarrass him through a great part of his subsequent career, and materially his value as a public servant. On both public and private grounds, therefore, it is most expedient to sh orten the period of his probation in India." The report seems, indeed, to have considered this difficulty, but the remedy which it suggests, can hardly prove effectual. It is said— " A probationer may sometimes study more than one of the vernacular languages, or may in addition learn Sanscrit or Arabic. We think it reasonable that to every language in which he offers himself for examine. tion an equal number of marks should be assigned." Now, either a probationer must obtain a mini mum of marks in every one of the four branches of knowledge laid down by the report and the regula %ions, and in this case what can be his inducement to study more than one Oriental language ? He cannot gain anything by it, for the chief object of the second examination is not so much to award honours as to confirm or to cancel the pre vious appointment. Thus, by giving part of his time to the study of an additional language, a pro bationer might actually diminish the chances of his success in the other branches. Or supposing a pro- lationer need not pass in every one of the four branches, in this case we should have the following dilemma. If an equal number of marks is assigned to each branch, and if a probationer is not ex pected to gain more than half of the sum total of marks, the study of languages would in most cases be neglected altogether. To learn a new alphabet and to practise the paradigms of declension and conjugation are not likely to prove more at tractive than history, law, and political eco nomy. But the most learned historian, the most able jurist, the most ingenious political eco nomist would be useless for one or two years after their arrival in India without a knowledge of the languages through which alone their attain ments can be beneficially applied. Or again, if an equal number of marks is assigned to each language, say a thousand, it might happen that a civilian confined his studies exclusively to scholar ship, and in this case the Indian Civil Service might become a refuge for sickly philologists. It will be necessary, therefore, to adopt some plan by which the study of languages may be en couraged, and so regulated and directed as to prove most useful in whatever presidency a civil servant may afterwards be stationed. It is not advisable that the study of the modern languages of India should be carried very far in this country. A knowledge of the alphabet and the grammar, and construing an easy book, should be sufficient. It would evidently be a mere waste of time to employ a month here in learning what may be better learnt in a week at Calcutta or Ma dras. Now, what can be better learnt at Calcutta 'he pronunciation and the conversational use of Hindostanee ; what can be taught better in London is the grammar and the first exercises in construing and translating. It is a matter of experience that a few months at Paris are more useful for learning to speak French than years of private lessons in London. But it is equally certain that those who do not yet know the elements of French grammar have to spend quite as much time at Paris in learn ing the declensions and conjugations as in London, at the same time depriving themselves of the oppor tunity of learning at Paris what can be learnt at Paris only pronunciation and conversation. Again, it might happen that a probationer, ap pointed to the Presidency of Bengal, after having spent much time on the study of Bengalee, was em ployed in Pegu or the Punjaub, and in either place his knowledge of Bengalee would be useless. Nor would his acquaintance with Bengalee literature repay him for his exertions. For none of these modern dialects of India can boast as yet of clas sical writers whose works might be of use to the student in supplying him with authentic infor mation on the history, the laws,•or religion of India. But, while the great variety of the spoken dialects of India creates a difficulty which it might seem almost impossible to overcome, a remedy has been found in one language which, though no longer spoken except by the learned, is really the source of all the modern languages of India, and will be as useful to the civilian in learning any one of the spoken dialects as Latin is to us in learning Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, and Wallachian ; nay, almost as much as ancient Greek in learning modern Greek—l mean the Sanscrit. Sanscrit supplies the dictionary of all the spoken languages of India, even of those which, like Telugu and Tamil, belong in their grammatical system to another family of speech. The proportion of Sanscrit words in Hindostanee, Bengalee, Hindee, Pun jabee, Mahrattee, Guzeratee, Scindee, &c., has been variously stated at between three-fourths and nine tenths of the vocabularies of each of these dialects. It is in reality impossible to fix it exactly, because every day new Sanscrit words, whether by deriva tion or composition, are added to the stores of the modern dialects.. " Every person acquainted with the spoken speech of India knows perfectly well that its elevation to the dignity and usefulness of written speech has depended, and must still depend, upon its borrowing largely from its parent or kin dred stock ; that no man who is ignorant of Sans crit can write Hindostanee or Bangalee with ele gance, purity, or precision." New ideas which are brought before the Hindoo mind by the intercourse with Europe ans mus t i nvar i a bly b e ex pressed by Sanscrit derivatives, and all expressions relating to religion, and Ch r i s ti an it y i n par ti cu l ar , can b e ob tained rom that source alone. Sanscrit, again, offers the key to the g rammatical system of all I n di an dialects, with the exception of the Deccan languages, such as Tamil, Telugu, &c. Although the grammarar of the modern vernaculars of India is by no means per lx o yet it becomes far easier and more intelligiblei lng fl:e know the ori ginal Sanscrit, from which all the grammatical forms of the modern dialects are derived by mean s o f abbreviation, corruption, and composition. The grammar of French is not difficult ; yet it is embar rassing to explain some of its peculiarities to per sons ignorant of Latin, and there are cert a i n niie- takes to which such persons are liable in speaking French or Italian which a Latin scholar would avoid as if by instinct. The same applies to the modern languages of India. What can be more or i g i n puzzling to a person unacquainted with th e of the grammar of Hindostanee and Mahratee than to find that in them the genitive of eve r y substantive takes the signs of the masculine, ferei_ nine, and neuter genders ; that if we say the King of England, England must take the masculine gender, while, if we speak of the Queen of Eng land, the genitive takes the feminine sign of the genitive ! To a Sanscrit scholar this peculiarity has nothing strange or irregular, because he recog nises in what is called the termination of the geni tive the same syllables by which Sanscrit adjectives are formed, and which are liable to the changes of gender on the same principle as adjectives in Latin, where we may say Rex Romanus and Regina Ro mani, in the sense of Rex Ro Here, then, we have a league;() equally useful to all civilians, which will prove whatever their presi oency or station may be. It can be learnt with greater advantage in England than in India, be cause our grammars and dictionaries are composed on a more rational plan than those of the native Sans crit grammarians. To learn from a Pundit in India, according to th e native syst em of grammar, takes at least five times as mach labour as in Europe. The difficulty of acquiring a knowledge of San gait is generally much exaggerated. 50 years - ra becautie the ware S a nscri t was a difficult langua ge , no good grammars and dictionaries from which it could be learnt. But at present we have bah, and the ancient cla ssical lan g ua g e of Ind ia may now be. learnt by anybody, 'Whether he has a turn for lan .' grf uae or not. Indu str y alone is re quired for it : and perseverance, but neither talent nor gehius,—... Times: A.NOTHEIt GLOLT CE sans ITIE MYST Er. Y.— 41, OUCE S • ►'Trid'ay.— A. strange occurrence,isnviolppn d involving, ,it at is i°feared,the death of an individual, ia Ildresfield;'about six miles from this city. This morning,is' the early d own goods tra i n on the Midland eof railway was p roceeding from Gl ouc e s t e r to Bristol, on e , arriving withi n sight of ilaresfield station, the . d r i ver the train, perceiving some confusion in the signal 'lights, Whistled, but na alteration takino , place he stopp_ell train, and walked a l ong the line to the station. At first he could find no, one there, but looking about he l'eY" ceived . the signal man lYing app arentl dead on the p station platform, ',with a 'fearful y wound upon his head. It was found that he Wei' still livin and hd was re- moved, but remained in sens i ble, and had g, not recovere his power of speech when 'the' last , recount legit Glbn person was at cegter:. No otile.r t4e station whea #4O, occurrcinC9 is surpdted ttillaye happened.'• Naval and Military Intelligence. The screw steam troopship Perseverance, Captain Harris, arrived at Spithead on Saturday morning from the westward. She left Portsmouth on the 25th ultimo for Havrede Grace, where she embarked about 200 Rus sian prisoners (officers and men) ; she then proceeded to Plymouth, and embarked a similar number there; thence proceeding to Sheerness, where she took in a like num ber. She conveyed the whole to Libau, in the Baltic, where, on arrival, she sent in a flag of truce, which was acknowledged by a military officer putting off in a boat. Communications having been thus opened, the prisoners were sent ashore in boats. They evinced the kindest feeling and gratitude towards the officers and crew of the ship, and cheered them on quitting her. The returns for the liberation of a corresponding, number of English and French prisoners of war are to be sent by the Rus sian Government to Odessa. The Perseverance left Libau for Elsinore, where she replenished her stock of coal, and proceeded to Heligoland, where she embarked 350 of the British German Legion, whom she landed at Folkestone on Friday morning, and then made for Spit head, where she arrived on Saturday morning,. and re mained at anchor yesterday. The Penelope, 18, paddle-wheel steam-frigate, Captain Sir William Wiseman, is under orders to leave Ports mouth on Sunday next, for the Cape of Good Hope, and will take a mail and parcels for the squadrou on that station ; also a mail for the colony. The Porpoise and Havoc bomb-vessels were taken into dock, at Portsmouth, on Saturday, to be refitted for next season in the Baltic. The steamers Trafalgar and Princess, which sailed from Liverpool on Thursday for Dublin with the Ist Regiment of Yorkshire (Rifle) Militia, returned to that port on Friday with detachments of the Cambridge Mili tia, under the command of Col. Duncan, Major Pember ton, and Lieut.-Colonel Wale, together with detach. ments of various cavalry regiments, with the folloViing officers : ...Captain Grant, of the 16th Light Dragoons ; Captain Barron, 3d Dragoon Guards ; Lieutenant H. M. Stapylton, 2d Dragoon Guards ; Lieutenant Stewart, 16th Light Dragoons ; Lieutenant Neave, 3d Dragoon Guards, and 134 privates. The ships Golconda (1,124 tons) and Cologne 1,370 tons) have been chartered for the conveyance of troops to the seat of war. The brig Siren, Commander R. Otway, sailed from Plymouth on Friday afternoon with a small mail for Rio Janeiro and the Pacific. _ _ _ The paddle-steamer - Vixen, Master Commanding E. C. Pym, from Woolwich, with boilers and machinery for the Satellite, and supernumeraries, went into Key bara docks on Friday. The steam-tender Avon, 3, Second Master Veitch, was placed in Keyham dock for repairs on Friday. Her crew has been transferred to the steam-vessel Inflexible, 6, which was placed at her sailing moorings, in Hamoaze, on Saturday, and will sail for Woolwich to convey ma chinery for ships fitting at Devonport. The Royal Mail Company's steam-ship Thames, trans port No. 92, Captain Strutt, now lying at Southamp ton, is ready for sea, and orders have been received by the company to prepare for the reception of the follow. ing officers and troops at that port on Wednesday next : —ForMalta- 'Staff-Surgeon of the second class, T. A. Lawson, and wife. For Constantinople—Paymaster W. C. Chantrill, Turkish Contingent.: For Scutari—Capt. Maxwell, 34th Feot, and 160 men of the Medical Staff Corps ; Major Boothby and Captain Adams, and 6 officers and 165 non-corarnissioned officers and men of the Royal Artillery ; 4 officers and 102 men of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Divisions of the Land Trans port Corps ; and 2 officers and 300 men of the 16th, 17th, and 18th division of the same corps. Total, 17 officers and 727 men. The Thameshasbeen most efficiently,fitted for the transport service. By a very slight alteration in the arrangements of the berths she can be transformed into an hospital ship, and will possess every comfort ne cessary for sick and wounded soldiers. VISIT OF SIR BALDWIN WALKER, K.C.B. TO WOOLWICH. At precisely 11 o'clock on Saturday Captain Sir Bald win W. Walker, K.C.8., surveyor of the navy, accom• panied by Mr. Isaac Watts, assistant surveyor, arrived at the main gate of Woolwich Dockyard, on a ♦isit of inspection, and were received by Commodore-Superin tendent John Shepherd, Mr. William M`Pherson Rice, master shipwright, and several of the officers;of this yard, who accompanied their visitors along the yard to the new screw steam-corvette Pearl, recently launched at this yard, and where she has been masted, and is at pre sent in the inner basin receiving her internal fittings. Sir Baldwin Walker inspected the various parts of the Pearl with great satisfaction, and, after which, the party vrent round the yard to witness the various works, and the ships that are building. Their visit, which was but a short one, terminated at 12 o'clock, when they left for town. Draughts of the cavalry reserve, consisting of 205 men of the 4th Dragoon Guards, the sth Dragoon Guards, the Bth and 11th Hussars, and the 17th Lancers, left Dublin on Friday, to join their respective corps in the Crimea. The following officers have sailed :—Captain Percy Smith and Lieut. Stapylton, Queen's Bays ; Capt. Barron and Lieut. Neave (3d) Prince of Wales's Dra goon Guards ; Captain Smith and Lieut. Dettmar, 7th Dragoon Guards ; Captain Sir W. Russel and Lieut. Browne, 7th Hussars ; and Capt. Grant and Lieutenant Williams, lath Lancers. A very large cavalry reserve is to be immediately formed at Kululee for those corps now in the Crimea. It will amount to several thousand rank and file, as the draughts from Newbridge, Maidstone, Canterbury, &c., are under immediate orders. These will be entirely officered by the home cavalry, under Lieut.-Col. Morris, of the 17th Lancers. Quartermaster-Sergeant J. Twim City of Dublin Militia, is appointed Quartermaster in the Gorman Legion. Lieut.-Col. A. J. Pack, 7th Royal Fusiliers, who was wounded at the unsuccessful attack on the Redan on the 18th of June, has been appointed by Viscount Hardinge Assistant-Quartermaster-General of the Cork District, in the room of Colonel Terence O'Brien. He left town on Saturday last for Cork, to enter on his military duties. Colonel Pack is the son of the late General Sir Denis Pack, nephew of the late Viscount Beresford. The following appeared in our late edition. of Satur• day : MEDAL AND GRATUITY FOR CONSPICUOUS GALLANTRY. ADMIRALTY, Saturday Evening. The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty have this day been pleased to grant a medal and gratuity of 151. to John Shepherd, boatswain's mate, late of her Ma jesty's ship St. Jean d'Acre, now belonging to her Ma jesty's ship Rodney, for conspicuous gallantry, in endea vouring to set fire to the Russian ships in the harbour of Sebastopol, by means of an exploding apparatus, om the nights of the 15th of July and 16th of August, 1855. APPOINTMENTS. Commander J. E. Elliot to be temporary agent of transport at Portsmouth. Lieutenant John C. Wells to the Excellent. Lieutenant H. B. Everest, additional of Flag-ship at Portsmouth, for service of transports, vice L. 41. Parks, appointed additional to Saturn, for service at St. Anne's Head. Assistant-Paymaster W.H.Thompson to the Penelope. Assistant-Clerk John A. Marston, to the Magicienne. The Rev. J. L. Moore, chaplain of the Illustrious, to the Euryalus. The Rev. W. S. Davis, to be chaplain to the Illus trious. The Rev. E. Good, chaplain. to the Royal Albert, for disposal. Mr. T. B. Mullivan, naval instructor of the Tartar, to the Euryal us.' Mr. A. C. Johnson, naval instructor, to the Tartar. Mr. G. S. Burch, naval instructor, to the Eurydice. THE MILITIA. A Limerick paper of Friday says —" Orders were yes terday morning received by General Sir J. Chatterton, to the effect that the Kerry Regiment of Militia should hold themselves in immediate readiness to occupy the barracks of Cahir and Bethard. The order was at once communicated to.the commanding officer of the Kerrys, and from him to the major and captains, and from them to the subalterns, sergeants, and men. In a moment preparations were made to pack up, and officers and men were in'readiness to proceed before daybreak next m to onin g . Di rections were given to the'railway offie:A" e l; have special tiikiniin readiness at 5 o'clock a. 7 4 ., th e hourd appointed for the departure. At 1 o'cl ay, however,.the'General received a coy it was intimated to the Kerr Re in yester ..nter-order, and believe, however, that the e.o remain for the present in. the y " g garr.tson of Limerick. We '..ent that it should porary nature, and that * ‘'.oter-order is only of a tern otherin the 0 .8 regiment Will leave for an quszters should otherwise al' garrison authorities at head - quarters urse of a. few days, unless the iter it. 1 , 1 CAPV,IN ITUTTOI4, OP MK 97TPC was—Ne re requested to state , that this o ffi cer, who as first retur a ned as killed before. Sebastopol, and subsequentl y as missing, is no MOrr i . His relatives have receiv e d t h e Positive informa tio'a, from a brother . officer,. that be was found dead, after D f three days, in o n e of the ditches, his body dis • nt. gotten old f his country. He was interred, with a tz l lapse i n s e g ° several and dd distinguishedsdh e e a llWou w n i d t s h o:lecedr:ewhhoon alsootir I his brother compani ons was s d t i h n e th so e ll s:!v a ic n e of a jour nalist 1 ; readers some new discovery cat . His regiment bad nine.(s)ffieveeerrsaeiptlheearsinkoill(eidutoyr wounded , to introduce to h , s t ? one in il portion,on oofuornsryifielpl l a o t l i c e r s e . a tt i n t •e i s s wcuiliaktehdhasto the e tt fi r t 9.lw th !:n at ti v e af aiir4 __lo s o ti f ng in n,e va p li o d r s t to o with this feeling that we call th CureSwithout medicine of Indigestion (Dyspepsia), the following extract from Du Barry a Ls te i n n t t l e ° r l e i Flatulency, s Reva- Asthma, Consumption, and Debility, by Constipation, Nervous, Bilious, and Liver years' tier lenta Arabica Food. Cure No. 180.—Twenty-five .. _____,,._,_ Da Barry's Cough, vousness, constipation, indigestion, and debility', Du Barry's remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by I had suffered great misery, and which no medicine tlin Anthony, which food in a very short time.—W. R. Reeves, Pool _ ra Tiverton. Cure No. 1 ,784. —Not expected to live six clays longer, I was cured by Du Barry's admirable Health -restoring Arabica Food.—Magdalena Purvis, Moffat, Scotland. Cure No. 5 , 46 1. —Sixty years' partial paralysis, affecting one-half of my frame, and which had resisted a ll o th er remed i es, h as yielded te, Drip*'s 116 ; 1 th - restoring Food, and I now con sider tdrielra . striirgtx to all coiiplaints excepting a hearty old age.—Wm. Hunt, barrister-at-laxv, King's Colb.ge Camb In canisters, 11b. 28. 94.; 21b. 43. (M.; 51b. Ilk , ; 121b. ridge. 22e. H rhel2lh., carriage fre e , on receipt of Post -office order. Barry 1 D u Barry tit Co., 77, Regent-street, London ;also at 182, Pi c cadilly; 60, Graceckirsii-etre e t ; 330, and 451, Strand; 4, Cheapside ; 60 and 88, Cornhill; 49, Bishopsgate-street 55, Charing-cross,; 54, Upper B aker-street; 63 and 150, Oxford-street ; 8-9, High-street, Camden-town ; 18, Pail. ma x; 7, Pall-mall-East ; 132, !New Bond -street ; 21, Xt e ,t. William-street, City ; 30, Conduit:- : t o g l e ) t l iz i e , l 'e ; orLp iC u i r n - g street; 9_o-, Farringclon-street ; 67 , Eq. padr, cb u re - byard; 6, Edwar4i-street, POT t1113t14 (para. I THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 22. 1855 MEETING IN HYDE-PARA. YESTERDAY. There was a very numerously-attended meeting in Hyde-park yesterday afternoon, with the alleged inten tion of protesting against the present high price of bread in the metropolis. Shortly after two o'clock it became evident that the intention was to make a demonstration against something, but what that something was to be, the crowd appeared to be undecided. Some said that the object was to hoot " the police and serve them out," for their conduct with regard to the Beer Bill riots last July ; while others maintained that the legitimate ob ject of the assembly was " to get bread cheaper." The portion of the park selected for the demonstration was that in which the July meetings were held. The crowd at first consisted for the most part of boys, but as the hour advanced it assumed a different form, the ma: jority being composed of well-dressed and well-conducted persons. A detachment of the A division of police sauntered about the park in groups of two or three, and it was observed that the constables selected for this duty were all experienced men, who has been in the force for many years, and upon whose steadiness some reliance could be placed in case of a breach of the public peace. A reserve of police was also posted in the neighbourhood of the magazine, should their services be required. As the hour advanced, the crowd rapidly increased, and before three o'clock several thousand persons were assembled. Several individuals then appeared among the crowd and distributed handbills, announcing the signifi cant fact that England had been betrayed, and that " Lord Palmerston was in collusion with Russia !" -The persons who distributed these bills were well dressed, and did not appear to belong to the working classes proper. One of these documents wound up as follows— " One word more. It is the object of Russia, and her agents here, whether Ministers of the Crown, or spies of the police, to divide the people of this laud among them selves, and by exciting the fear and hatred of one class against another, to divert their combined indignation from the one guilty head. Be on your guard, therefore, against being led into any act of violence, •r breach of the law. Use such constitutional remedies as are left you. Ad4iress the Crown with petitions to dismiss the guilty Minister from her councils preparatory to his being brought to trial. Call upon your (so-called repre sentatives in the Commons' House of Parliament to in- silt upon inquiry with a view to his impeachment, and put down at once any knaves who would pervert the gravity of your deliberations into scones of turbulence and riot." At three o'clock a movement in the crowd gave evi dence that something practical was about to be done. Two or three men took off their hats and commenced addressing the people. The first orator who made his appearance was an old man in spectacles, with a brown paper parcel under his arm. He drew from his pocket a paper upon which the heads of his discourse were in scribed, and commenced by informing his friends that he was an individual who had devoted 50 years of his life to promote the welfare of his fellow men. He was con vinced that a crisis had now arrived when it was abso lutely necessary that the suffering classes of the country should meet together and discuss those causes in the social system which had led to their present lamentable condition. In order to meet the monopoly of the mo neyed classes and the aristocracy, his proposal was, that the people should unite for the purchase of raw material in the manufacture and sale of which they could find employment. (A. voice, " Good.") He was in favour of beginning by opening bakers' shop; in which the best bread should be made, and sold at the most moderate profit. This would have the effect of breaking up the monopoly of the bakers, and the aristocracy, and the speculators who bought up the corn and oil of the coun try, and kept those articles locked up until they could exact from the starving mechanics a famine price. (Ap plause.) Now, if he were to open a shop of that kind, would they support him ? (" Yes, yes, de cidedly.") He would promise to account to a com mittee chosen by themselves for all the money he might receive, and not to devote a farthing of it to his own profit or gain. (Laughter, and a voice—" What about the labourer ?") He would answer that question. If his system were carried out, as he hoped it would be, every labouring man should have good raiment and lodging, but no money until everyman in the community was pros ided with food, lodging, and raiment. (Laughter.) Well, they might laugh, but he could tell those who in dulged in unseemly mirth ou such an occasion, that, in all human probability, they would live to laugh at the other side of their mouths. He had been engaged all his life trying to improve the condition of his fellow men. He bad been a farmer, a miller, a corn dealer, and a great many other trades, and he was persuaded monopoly was the ruin of the country. (A. Voice— " You have donea little in that way yourself." (Laughter.) He had gone down to Wales 14 years ago, and had been instrumrntal.in preventing the copperraen from joining the Reccabites, and his interference had saved many lives and much property—(bravo)—but he had been run down by the press and the police. (Hear.) However, he was ready at any moment to dtclare his principles and explain his plans. He was persuaded the present high price of food was to be traced to the operations of the money classes, who, having made fortunes by the sweat and labour of the poor, were now banded together to extort from their hard earned wages a famine price for their commodities. The same principle was carried out in a lesser degree by the tradesmen of the metropolis and the large towns. For instance, the drapers, instead of adhering to their own business, had commenced sell-. ing millinery, and the result of this system carried out in other trades was, to reduce the labour to such a low figure that the mechanic could not support life on the miserable pittance he was enabled to earn. The speaker continued in this strain for some time, and concluded his observations by stating that ho was ready to go into the " baking line" if his friends would give him their sup port. Another orator, who delighted in a long beard and moustache, and who but for his Cockney accent might have been taken for a member of the " depressed nationalities," commenced his address by expressing a hope that no breach of the peace would occur, but that the people would quietly assemble and dis cuss the social questions in which they felt an interest, without attempting to commit any violation of the law. The newspapers of the past week had all discussed the meeting of last Sunday, and one of them had ven tured to describe it as one of the "good old bread riots." He hoped, however, that the people would not originate any riot, which was precisely what their enemies wished them to do. There could be to concealing the fact that while wages in this country remained at zero, bread was at famine price. The newspapers talked of their being no reason why a working man with regular wages should not be able to support his family at present prices, but he could not see how it was to be done. How was it to be done by a man with a wife and family on 18s. a-week? (A voice, Yes, and on 35. or 4s. a-week.) He was him self a carpenter, earning 30s. a-week, and he assured' them he found it a hard struggle to live. It was said that the war with Russia raised prices. It was no such thing. We were now, after one enormous and another abundant harvest, and bread was at famine price. Rus sia had nothing to do with this, but the statesmen and the governing classes had to answer for it. (Applause.) It was intended by Providence that the people in the land should eat the produce of the land, That was na tural ; but it was unnatural that the money classes, the speculators, and the rogues in grain should, by their wealth, so combine, that the food was kept from the poor man till it advanced to famine price. The news papers said, forsooth, that whatever sacrifices the poor had to make on account of the war, the wealthy classes participated in a greater degree. That was false, and they knew it. (Hear.) If the wealthy classes gave up everything they had ever wrung from the poor, they would still have the upper hand ; and if a nobleman bad to discharge all his servants to-morrow and do his own work, the only consequence would be that the exercise would improve his digestion. (Good.) The monopolists and the aristocracy were combined to raise the price of food. They were the Coins of society, who rebelled against the law of nature and of God, and slew their fellow -men. (Cheers.) He wished that their (the people's) brothers, the soldiers and the police, could have their true position brought under their notice. (Hear.) And this could be done by a combination of the people, because they would print and distribute tracts to show the ope ration of the baneful stem under which th e peop l e eluded. Look, for inst a n ce , a t th e were oppressed and soldiers in the Crimea working for a shilling a day to maintain thee honour of their country, and yet, whea they di~~ their families, who looked to them for support, wer pensioned upon charity, and thrown upon the Pa triotic Fund. Was that a way to reward those whose supporters had perished in battle ? He would have no such soldiers. He was in favour of citizen soldiers— every man a soldier, and not sham generals, sham mini sters, and sham rulers. This individual, who was very warmly applauded, concluded by calling upon his hearers to join in a combination against the corruption and mal- ' administration of a system which entailed the greatest hardships upon the poor by doubling the price of the chief neceessaries of life. f w ihddeoat nyh thereawnyeaoxsbt Several other persons addressed the people in various parts of the park, until evening and indications of a shower dispersed the crowd. The conduct of the police throughout the day, as far as it came under our notice, was extremely creditable, although exception may be taken to the arrangement by which they were allowed to loiter about the ground, and thus expose themselves to the animosity of the crowd. At one period of the day a riot appeared imminent. A group of four policemen were followed up and down by the crowd, hooting and hissing, and when they arrived at the Magazine. Guard-house,, sticks were thrown at them, and the crowd appeared resolved upon mischief, if the slightest pretext bad been afforded them. The police, however, faced about from time to time, and bore a good deal of provocation with good humour; but had they attempted to take into custody any of the enthusi astic competitors for the honour of " bonnetting" them, o hundreds present, the result It waabject of the crowd, on the whole, appeared to be rather W s attemptoo 'displayftn nmadeoiin to do numbers nhsaut o ther than omieoel et ; anything ords e Jo ! o s ou e . , r n o e s d n t o o of the crowdasserting that "a few less than 30,000 p e more TOWS would d e , There could not have been moue ne the park at one time. i m w aeanrmany pitched ele g e i n ogto P yi no your a mo l i p n b tie r a o s f iin as /Iseoirloofway-'s Oint - min a t le a t n te d r f P ro il m ls [ADVERTISiMENT. Itli z v a ProfessorHolloway : aße :ess to the wonderful persuaded him to all this complaint xp A erie fr c f n e o d d r y s oe3" ef; efficacy y ‘l)vif e a sa a four he d repci e eyl e iye d tio i , if afflicted d Witht at scrofula, e hopessurgeoonfs recoverf, e s c a o i d ver h y e , a w asi friendncurpaebrlseu. After medicines, and the consequence was that entirely got rid of his complaint."—Sold by all vendors throughout the world ; at Professor establishments, 244, Strand, London, and 80, Maiden lane, lane, /siew York ; by A. Stampa, Constantinopl e ; A. GUidlcy, Smyrna; and H. Hoods, Malta, .26 , 411.• 'ikl:2 s( 4i ; .r, 71. THE MURDER AT SOUTHAMPTON. Abraham Baker, who so barbarously murdered his Fellow servant, Naomi Kingswell, at Southampton last Sunday week, has made a confession. It seems that after he had committed the murder he appeared stupified with the horrible offence, but soon after he was committed or trial be became aware of the dreadful situation in which he was placed, and sent for the Mayor of the town to make a communication to him. Baker is a very ignorant man,. being unable to spell the commonest words correctly. His excuse for the murder is that he entertained a sincere attachment for his victim, and that she was perpetually tantalising him by accepting and re jecting his attentions, and that, after behaving to him in this way for some considerable time, she finally re jected him with contempt. He bad a wedding ring in his possession when he was apprehended. by which it would seem that he had oontemplated being married to the poor girl he murdered. The following is the confession of the murderer to the Mayor of Southampton on Tuesday last : "I wish to tell you, sir, that I took up with this young woman about two years ago, at Miss Bussell's, at Ryde. She left the town, and went to Bembridge. We felt very much at separating. We frequently were writing to each other, and also frequently saw each other. I think Naomi was at Bembridge about nine months; several letters she wrote me were joking about young men she knew there, which disturbed my mind very much, and I told her mother of it at the time. As she lived near, I often went of a Sunday, and used then to read to her and her children. I frequently took my tea there. Naomi's mother being a widow, I felt for her and her children. I used to de any little things that laid in my power for them. When we met we were almost too happy to see each other. This continued till I left my situation at Miss Carber's. 'Twas through our strong attachment to each other that I lost my place. She then told me that as I was going so far away that we had better part. She sent a small note and a box with a few things I had given her. Her sending that, and my leaving my place,l felt it both very much indeed. I went into my bedroom, and I could not - help crying. 'Alter reading her letter to ale, I had not heart to write anything at all to her afterwards. I went home to my friends at Newport, and the next day to Cowes, to see my brothers. I returned to my friends the next. day, and on the mantel-piece I found a letter, which was sent by Mr. Vanner, the carrier. I opened it and read it, and she wished to see me again very much and wished to know what I was doing. She wished me to forgive her in sending the things back ; if so, that I would write but two words that she might know. I complied with her wish. I told her that I would for give her everything, and wished to meet in peace again. On the Sunday following I would bring my likeness and two books for her. We spent a very happy even ing, and, were sorry to part when 10 o'clock came. As I had nothing to do just then, I slept at Brading, and went to my father's the next morning. I was looking about for some few days for something to do, and went to Southampton. Slept at Mrs. Wood's eating-house for some few nights. I found it is so expensive there, that I took a week's lodgings at Mrs. Buzzin's, at 8, in the Strand. I think I was there near or quite a month. Naomi kept writing to me, and Ito her. She very much wished to come and live with me, and she was rather jealous of me, but her own mother knew there was no occasion for it whatever. What time I had to spare in the evenings I went to the chapel. I andtold to he a r l w ec e t n u t r t e o o t n h c e e Woretswleiyeaen anldwArobtoevetoßNaraoCmhai,p;ellned, that I had got a place ; that is had been very expensive to me the long time I had been out—about 201., what with giving my friends a trifle and myself keeping. I always explained things to her in the most homely way. In answer to my letter, she was happy to hear that I had got a situation, and hoped that I should do well, and if I should hear of anything in the same town to siCt her to let her know. In the coarse of two or three weeks Mrs, Poynder's maid servant was leaving her. Mrs. Poynder wrote a letter, and rang the bell for me to give that letter to Smith, that is Mrs. Lacy, the cook, who brought it to my pantry, and read it to me. She asked me if I knew any one to suit Mrs. Poynder. I told her `Yes, I know a very nice yeung person in the Isle of Wight,' and she wished to name it to Mrs. Poynder, to know: if Mrs. Poynder should send for her or allow me to do it. As Mrs. Poynder was so satisfied with myself, she had no objection to sending. .1 sent for her the same evening by post, and told her that Mrs. Poynder was in want of a servant. She wrote and told me the next morning that she was just upon leaving her place at Bembridge, and was to give her duty to Mrs. Poynder, that she would comply with anything that she wished, as she could not get leave to see her personally. Mrs. Poynder sent for her character, which was received the next morning, and gave great satisfaction. Mrs. Poynder sent to Naomi to tell her when to come, and respecting the work and the wages, and I believe Mrs. Poynder re ceived an answer respecting her letter from Naomi as a servant, I believe in two or three days after I was to meet her at the Southampton pier by the 6 o'clock boat. We were glad to see each other, I told her that as we parted once, I wished to remain with her as another fel low fervent. Her reply was, 'Very well, if Mrs. Poynder should hear of our intimacy that has passed we must only speak the truth. We knew right from wrong in every Christian way, as we had always done ever since we had known each other, and hoped that we might continue the same.' Her answer was in a very Christian-like man ner. Very well ; we went for a walk once or twice when we were together—once to chapel. I told her that I was going to Anglesea with Mr. Poynder, and she would have to remain at home. She said she was sorry to hear it. I told her never to mind, the time would soon pass away, as Mrs. Poynder had promised her to oome down once or twice to Anglesea to spend a day or two, and that I might be up myself once or twice to see her. We were both sorry to be parting again so soon. We began to write to each other in the course of a few days, and I never in my letters sent her any jokes to upset her mind, which she frequently did in hers when I was in Anglesea. I put my thoughts back to when at. Bembridge, and thought of it very much, as Mrs. Poynder had workmen in the house.—(Signed in an almost illegible hand) ABRAHAM BAKER. " SAMPSON PAYNE, Esse, Mayor." On the next (Wednesday) morning the Mayor received the following letter from the prisoner : " October 17, '55. "Dear Sir,—l should be happy to see you this morn ing and a few mineters (ministers) of the chaple with you As I feel much happyer this morning. I feel this week may be my last here on earth But hope and pray to meet my Maker in heaven, and Not me only But hope to ~,„& t , m y friend in heaven with me I feel that she has gone to heavn At the right hand of God I remain your most humbe servant through Christ Amen " ABRAHAM BAKER. "Mr. Payne, Esq., Southampton." The Mayor went to the gaol and wrote down the few lines following :-- "Naomi continued to write in a joking way. I wrote and up se t t ol d my her m i n n d o t r e t o ce se i v nd i ng any m so much jo h e f ro k m e s ,itso v her in t e h r y mu ch upset t uch way. (Signed, in almost an illegible hand) "ABRAHAM BAKER. " SAMPSON PAYNE, Esq., Mayor." On Thursday the prisoner made the following further statement : "She wrote and told me she would not do it again. In the course of a short time I asked her if she would like to see me any more ; if not, if she would be kind enough to send my box and a few things to No. 8, in the Strand (in Southampton). She wrote and told me she did not wish to see me any more ; neither should she send my things to the Strand ; that again upset my mind very much, as I did not wish to meet her any more, but I was obliged to as I could not leave Mrs. Poynder at Anglesea, as she was coming home in the course of a few days; there was so much to do in packing up the things, I did not like to leave her without a man servant. On Friday evening, when we got home to Southampton, I did not. see her till some time after I vias in the house ; as I passed the kitchen door, Smith, which is Mrs. Lacy, said— ' Baker, here is some one wants to see you.' I said I would come direttly. I went into the kitchen and spoke to Naomi, and wishing to shake hands with her, and hoping she was well. She neither would speak a word nor shake hands. Mrs. Lacey did not observe it, but she was in the kitchen very busy unpacking with her back to us. Mrs. Wells was washing up the tea-things with Naomi, and Mrs. Wells must have observed us. I was very sorry to see her so,. and was much upset in my mind. I told her if she did not wish to see me any more to be a little matter sociable with her fellow servant. I spoke to her several times respecting the work, but she would not answer. I met her the following morning, aad spoke to her. She did not speak then. I told her she never showed her temper so much before to me, neither had I ever seen it in any other fellow servant so much. She knew — my mind so well, it tried it to the extreme. I told her I would not live with her any longer, and I should give Mrs. Poynder notice to leave her on the following week. I think I told her I gave warning to Mrs. Poynder, which she seemed to be very glad to hear, which I felt very much hurt at, and leaving my place together. Considering all things from the time I first knew her, the due respe ct and attenti on I always paid her in the most humble and homely manner, seemed more altogether than I could bear ; I believe I said nothing more to her from that time until I used that un lawful weapon. The whole of the morning and the pre vious evening I did not know scarcely what I was doing. Naomi bad upset my mind so much and so frequently. "ABRAHAM BAKER. " Taken before me at the Gaol this 18th day of Octo ber, 180. f' 4 Saurm rATITE, Mayor." ........... CRYSTAL PALACE. FIVE SHILLING DAY. Satui day, Oct. 20 :—Admissions on payment, 244 ; do. by season tickets, 1,860; total, 2,104. Corresponding day last year, 1,214. GIIBAT MNETIN4 010 IIPISSENTERS —Dnring this week there will .be a great gathering in London of diq'enters from all parts of the country, on the ocasion of the annttal meeting of the Congregational Union of England and Wales - . The ' p r o Ceedings • will commence with a meeting !at the Poultry Chapel this evening, when an address will be delivered by the Rev. 3. C. Harrison, of Camden-town. To-morrow evening there will be a pub lic meeting at Exeter-hall for explaining and enforcing Congregationallprinciplee, Mr. S a muel Morley in the chair ; and meetings for religious pu rp osesided over 1 by Mr. Kershaw, M.P., and Mr. J. R. Mill . pres s will be held on the evenings of Wednesday and Thursday. On the mornings of to-morrow, Wednesday, Thursday, and 1 Friday there will be conferences ; that on Thursday 'morning being " free and confidential," and confined to pastors and delegates. On this occasion an address will 43e delivered by the Rev. Thomas Binriey. The proceed ings4>f lthe-week will be brought to la close by a soiree , on Friday at the Milton Club. THE JERSEY _HUBBUB, The Guernsey Star, of the 19th inst., thus comments on the conduct of the Jersey authorities in expelling the two or three socialists who have libelled the Emperor of the French and the Queen of England. In speaking of these individuals leaving Jersey quietly and taking refuge in Guernsey, it says : " Here is certainly a serio-comic termination of an affair which at fir-t seemed likely to assume the dignity of an historical event. We scarcely know which most to admire, the easy style in which the Jersey authorities condemn and execute, in disregard of the customary preliminaries of accusation and trial, or the amiable placidity with which men who call themselves the friends of liberty, par eccellenee, submit to an arbitrary and ille gal act. "If the conduct of aliens residing in her Majesty's dominions is such as to disturb the public peace, or to endanger relations with foreign powers; and if this con duct cannot be suppressod by the ordinary course of law, exceptional measures must naturally be resorted to ; but such measures must be adopted either under legislative sanction or on the responsibility of the highest ministers of the Crown. If the expulsion of dangerous foreigners is deemed expedient, it must be effected by the exercise of the Imperial power, and not be left to the passion and indiscretion of subordinates. And, moreever, if such expulsion be resorted to it must be effectual. It must entirely remove the offenders from the Queen's domi nions, and not merely send them from one part to ano ther, as has been done by the authorities of Jersey. The course adopted in this matter by the authorities of Jersey is, in fact, irreconcileable alike with legality and common sense, and it is fortunate that the persons on whom they exercised their power in so summary a manner have had the extreme good nature to submit without testing the validity of the sentence." The following has been issued : DECLARATION OF THE EXILES REMAINING IN JERSEY. "Three proscribed individuals—Ribeyrolles, the in trepid and eloquent writer ; Pianciani, the generous re presentative of the Roman people • Thomas, the coura geous prisoner of Mount St. Michael—have just been expelled from Jersey. " The aet is serious. What is there on the surface ? The English Government. What is there at the bottom ? The French police. The band of FouchtS can put on the glove of Castlereagh. This proves it. "The coup d'etat has just made an entrance into Eng land's liberties ; England has reached this point—to proscribe the proscribed. One step more and England will be an appendage to the French empire, and Jersey will be a canton of the arrondissement (district) of Cou tances. "At this moment our friends have left; the expulsion is consummated. "The future will qualify the fact ; we confine our selves to stating it. We record it—nothing more. Set ting aside the violation of right, the violence to which our persons are subjected makes us smile. " The French revolution is a permanent thing—the French republic is a right—the future is inevitable ; what signifies the rest ? And what is, after all, this ex pulsion Another ornament to exile ; another hole in the flag. " Only let there be no doubt on the subject. "This is what we say, we proscribed Frenchmen, to you, English government : " Monsieur Bonaparte, your ' powerful and cordial ally,' has no other legal existence but this—charged with the crime of high treason. "M. Bonaparte, for the last four years, has been liable to a writ of arrest. Signed : Hardouin, President of the High Court of Justice ; Delapalme, Pataille, Moreau (of the Seine), Cauchy, judges. And counter signed : Renouard, Procureur General. " M. Bonaparte took the oath as a functionary to the Republic, and perjured himself. " M. Bonaparte swore fidelity to the Constitution, and destroyed the Constitution. "M. Bonaparte, the depository of all the laws, has violated all the - laws. "M. Bonaparte imprisoned the inviolable representa tives of the people, drove away the judges. " M. Bonaparte, in order to escape the writ of arrest issued by the High Court, has done what the malefactor does ; that he may escape from the gendarmes, he has committed murder. "M. Bonaparte has used sabres and grapeshot, and he has exterminated ; he has massacred by day, shot by night. "M. Bonaparte guillotined Cuisinier, Cirasse, Char let, guilty of having attempted to serve the judicial writ of arrest. "M. Bonaparte bribed the soldiers, bribed the func tionaries, bribed the magistrates. "M. Bonaparte stole the property of Louis Philippe, to whom he was indebted for his life. "M. Bonaparte has sequestrated, pillaged, confiscated, terrorised consciences, ruined families. " M. Bonaparte has proscribed, banished, driven out, expelled, transported to Africa, transported to Cayenne, sent forth to exile forty thousand citizens, amongst whom are the signers of this declaration. " High treason, false oath, perjury, subornation of officials, sequestration of the citizens, spoliation, rob bery, murder—these are crimes provided against by every code of every nation, punished in England on the scaffold, punished in France, where the republic abo lished the penalty of death, with the bagnio. The Court of Assizes its waiting for M. Bonaparte. " From this moment history says to him—Accused, rise. " The French people has for its executioner, and the English government for its ally, imperial crime. " That is what we say. "That is what we said yesterday, and the English press in a body said so with us ; this what we shall say to-morrow, and a unanimous posterity will say se with us. "This is what we shall always say—we who have but one soul, the truth ; and but one word, justice. "And now banish ug. "Jersey, Oct. 17, 1855. "Victor Hugo, J. Cahaigne, Fulbert Martin (advo cate), Colonel Sandor Teleki, E. Beauvais, Bonnet- Duverdier, Kesler, Arsene Hayes, Albert Barbieux, Roummilhac (advocate), A. C. Wiesener (retired Aus trian officer), Gornet (senior), Charles Hugo, J. B. Amiel (of the Aribge), Francois Victor Hugo, F. Tat6ry, Theophile Gu6rin, Francois Zychon, B. Colin, Edouard Collet, Koziell, V. Vincent, A. Piaseoki, Giu seppe Rancan, Lefebvre, Barbier (physician), H. Peeve rand, condemned to death on the 2d Dec. (Allier)." PROPOSED SUBMARINE TUNNEL BE TWEEN FRANCE AND ENGLAND. BOULOGNE-SITR-MER, Oct. 20.—For several weeks past some able hydrographers and engineers have been em ployed in surveying the coasts in the neighbourhood of Boulogne and Calais on the French side and of Dover and the South Foreland on the English side of the Chan nel, and in taking soundings, with a view of reporting as to the feasibility and advantage of forming a communi cation between the two countries by means of a subma rine tunnel and railway. bL L. Favre (Niort, department of Deux-Sevres), the distinguished French engineer, has this day published the details of his extraordinary project, which we here translate : " Our project consists in a tunnel of about 30 kilo metres in length, formed under the sea, and offering as much security as a railway under the open sky. ig 1. The tunnel will be pierced in a manner so that the bed of the earth whieh will divide it from the sea will never less than 25 metres, even at the greatest depth of the stria its. "2. The tunnel N ill be lined with a double arch, the ; first to be of gran i te an :l of impermeable cement, the second of thin iron plate, p; arced in different places in order to discover immediately 1 .:;.1e least filtration. - - - " WELLS OF THE Ttili..7 EL " We now come to the consideration of an important es q uestion in connection with our project. 12,; difficulties which appear insurmountable in a work of this ts..indcon sist not only in the extent of the tunnel, in the ten;flus ness of the operations—wbicb, however, can be uncle, - taken at both ends at the same time—but also in the clearance of the debris, which would seemingly have to be carried to the opening at either side. "In order to surmount these obstacles, we have esta blished in our project wells' constructed at different parts of the channel, which will divide the subterranean works into sections of tunnels of less than a myriametre in length. These maritime wells will facilitate the for mation of the tunnel at many different places at once. The works, therefore, can be carried on at the same time in the gallery at the coast of France, in the gallery at the coast of England, and in the galleries of the wells.' Besides, they will afford the means of casting the encum bering earth into the sea, and of forming little islands aroun these wells. "It is to-day demonstrated that the sea has no per ceptible action upon the massive rocks, covered with huge blocks, underneath the sea at low tide. Above this point will be built up a construction to form powerful blocks, capable of resisting the force of the waves. It is then possible to construct these wells, which are, we can confidently say, a new idea in connection with our project—an idea, however which will secure the easy realisation of the tunnel. With these wells we can give to the works that celerity with which it is so desirable to carry them on ; we can also ventilate the tunnel, and create islets along the course. With the aid of system it would only take 5 years to complete this tunnel. "As to the cost of construction, I will now give what I consider a minute calculation : Francs. 30 kilometres of tunnel under the sea 4 kilometres of tunnel under the shore 8,000,000 5 maritime wells 5,000,000 4 kilometres of trenches , ... 2,000,000 2 stations .......................................... ,000,000 Extraordinary and unforeseen expenses ...... 23,000,000 100,000,000 "ESTIMATE OF THE PRODUCE. " We calculate today that about 200,000 passengers travel backwards and forwards by the ships that traffic between the coasts of England and France. We believe we are within the mark when we say that this number, when the tunnel was completed, would not only be doubled, but would be augmented in a much more con siderable proportion. We have an example in the rail ways, which surpassed the anticipations of all when the lines were in full working order. "The quantity of pit coal consumed in France an• nually is about 80,000,000 of metrical quintals. Of this quantity, according to the last statement of importa tions, England furnishes 8,000,000; Belgium, 25,000,000 ; Rhenish Prussia, 5,000,000. The amount of thl cost of t rans p o rt alone ought to be 20,000,000 francs. " Now, we may reasonably hope that our railway could count upon more than 10,000,000 quintals. The facilities which our mode of transport by the tunnel would offer would, no doubt, enable the English coal to replace, in the north of France, the Belgian and Ger man coal. We may then estimate the quantity of coal conveyed from England at 20,000,000 quintals. "Now the transport of 10,000,000 alone of quintals of coal would give a return of about 10,000,000 francs. The number of ships which annually enter the harbours of Calais, Boulogne, and Dunkirk exceed 3,000, and their tonnage 400,000 tons. We are thus able to make a somewhat correct calculation of the extent of the com merce carried on in this way. " CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURSE OF THE TUNNEL. "Many lines for the tunnel have been considered. From Cape Gris-Nez to Dover, in a direct line ; from Crape Gris-Nez to Dover, in touching the bank of Varne ; from Cape Blanc-Nez to Foreland ; from the village of Sanzatte to Foreland. " PROJECT OP THE TUNNEL FROM CAPE (IRIS-HEZ TO DOVER. "The distance from land to land is 30 kilometres. We find that the bottom of the sea descends by an easy de clivity, which in the midst of the channel reaches from 39 to 55 metres. As it advances towards the coasts it is but from 25 to 16 metres in depth. At the distance of 9 kilometres from Cape Gris-Nez the tunnel bends slightly towards the north-west, to avoid a shoal of 60 metres. The works of this lice can be commenced at Cape Gris-Nez, at Dover, and in the wells constructed upon a bottom of 33 metres under the level of the sea." M. Favre then 'proceeds to discuss the merits of the three other routes, but concludes by expressing his pre ference for the direct one from Cape Gris-Nez to Dover. " GEOLOGIOAL CONSIDERATIONS. "It is important to consider the nature of the land through which our tunnel vvill have to traverse. The basin of the channel is formed of different strata of earth and of peculiar kinds of stone. We find, first, a bed of manly earth, but then we arrive at a complete change in the soil. The soundings, which have been made with great care, show us that we shall meet a rock, which will enable us to establish a tunnel of ♦ery great solidity. The earth itself will form a natural vault of freestone, which will tend to prevent any filtrations ; but, even if filtrations should occur, they would be stopped by the two vaults, which wouli be constructed with all that ability which the most scientific engineers could bring to bear. "SYSTEM OF TRACTATION. " It now remains for us to examine what is the best system of trao.tation to be adopted. All the railways have steam for their motive power ; that system might perhaps be judiciously employed in this Anglo-French tunnel, with the aid of such machinery as would prevent the formation of smoke. " The second system suggested, though a novel one, has for its support the name of a man of distinguished ge nius, namely, M. Seguin, the celebrated engineer, who since 1826 has made so many valuable improvements in connection with railways and sciencegenerally. He has de clared that the most rapid, the least dangerous, the least expensive motive power for this subterranean railway is the atmospheric. We think that this system will be adopted by the council of administration of the new com pany. With such a locomotive power the journey be tween France and England will be performed in twenty five minutes. " CONCLUSION. " We are impressed with the conviction that we have proved, not only that this project is possible, but that it will be comparatively easy to construct a railway under the channel. We bare now developed our system of maritime wells,' which would divide the subterranean tunnel into different sections. Our plan of a double vault would give as ample securities as any of the ordi nary railways possessed. "The tunnel of Pas-de-Calais would set aside the arm of the sea which separates France from England. It would bind upo❑ the most solid foundation the continent with Great Britain, which is at present isolated from th• rest of Europe. It would uaite the tWo peoples in the most intimate and familiar relations—peoples who are to-day placed at the very head of civilisation, and who, according to the current events, seem by the community of their sentiments and their interests to form but one great nation. . " Our project has been received everywhere with the most lively sympathies, and an Anglo-French company will be immediately organised upon the most powerful basis to execute the railway of Pas-de-Calais. "L. FAVRIL" TEE CASE OF STRAHAAT, PAUL, AND BATES. The October sessions of the Central Criminal Court commenced this morning, and from the important nature of the cases that are to be disposed of the proceedings 'will be of considerable interest to the public. The num ber of prisoners at present for trial is 93, but the ma jority of the cases are of a very serious character. There are two charges of murder—one against a woman named Jolly, who is accused of cutting the throat of her mo ther, a very aged woman, under very extraordinary cir cumstances ; and another, in which a man named Lot , don, is charged with the murder of his wife. There are also several serious charges of cutting and wounding, and misdemeanour, but the principal case of public in terest and importance is the charge against the bankers, Sir John Dean Paul, Strahan, and Bates, of having mis appropriated securities to a large amount, and which is specially.fixed to be disposed of this session. It will be remembered that the trial was postponed from the Sep tember session, upon the ground that the counsel for thi prisoners had not had sufficient opportunity to con eider in what manner to answer an indictment of so spe cial and peculiar a character, anal it is said that the course that will be taken will be one of a very unusual kind. Some allusion has already been made to the fact that the prisoners would relyon their having made a full statement in reference to the matters alleged against them, in the Court of Bankruptcy, and that they would on this ground claim their acquittal upon the charge made against them. With a view to raise this point, it is said that a special plea will be made on their behalf, in this form—they will, it is said, plead guilty to the charge of having ap plied the securities mentioned in the indictment to their own purposes, but, at the same time, it will be stated that in accordance with the provisions of another section of the statutes under which the indictment is framed, they had made a full disclosure of all matters connected with the transaction, in accordance with the requirements of the statute, and that consequently they are relieved from all responsibility under the criminal law. Should this course be taken, the whole case will resolve itself into one of legal argument, as in the case of a demurrer, and no evidence will be taken, but the point will be decided by the judges ; and if it shall be against the prisoners they will be called up for judgment, as though the jury had re turned a verdict of guilty against them. If, on the con trary, it should be decided in their favour, they will be at once released from all further proceedings. The question is one of immense importance, and it is said that very great difference of opinion exists among the highest legal authorities upon the subject, and, under any circum stances, there is no doubt that the point will not be de cided finally by the judges at the Central Criminal Court, but that it will be reserved for the consideration of the Court of Criminal Appeal. The judges who will preside at the ensuing sessions are Baron Alderson, Justice Wil liams, and Baron Martin ; and the aldermen upon the rota to sit as second commissioners are Messrs. Cope land, Humphery, Farncomb, Salomons, Wire, and Eagleton. ADDITIONAL HUNTING APPOINT- MENTS. STAG HOUNDS, Devon and Somerset.—To-morrow, Cloutsham ; Fri• day, Marsh Bridge Kennel—al, half half-past 10. FOX HOUNDS. Bellew's, Mr.—Wednesday, Sandy Way ; Saturday, Exeford—at half-past 10. Berkshire, Old (Mr. Morrell's).—Wednesday, Abing don Road Station ; Friday, Farringdon Road Station ; Saturday, Radley Park—at half-past 10. Deacon's, Mr.—Thursday, Cox Torr—at a quarter past 10. Durham Coanty.—Wednesday, Warder Law Village —at half-past 10. Farquharson's, Mr.—To-morrow, Milborne Wood Ti m psday, Knogle. F. b. (Truro). —Wednesday, Rudock Water ; Friday, Ferran Wharf—at half-past 10. Hereford sb ire. —To-morrow, Callow Turnpike; Friday, Breintan—at half-past 10. Heythorp.—Wednesday, Kiddington Gate—at half past 10. Hill's, Mr.—To-morrow, }lankness ; Friday, Lockten —at 10. Marshall's, Mr. M.—To-morrow, Soldon Cross, Brad worthy ; Friday, Luffincott Shop—at half-past 10. Oxfordshire, South.—To-morrow, Little Milton ; Fri day, Stanton—at half-past 10. Sinnington.—To-morrow, Sinnington; Friday, Tylass Bridge—at half-past 10. Tivyside.—Thursday, Poiatgynon—at 10. Trelawney's, Mr.—To-morrow, Marley ; Saturday, Flete—at half-past 10. YIARRIBRS. Aikton.—Wednesday, Crafton Toll-bar; Friday, For. rester Fold—at half-past 8. Brampton.—Thursday, Cross Laverodale—at 9, Bromsgrove.—Friday, Round-hill—at 11. Carlisle.—The Reservoir; Friday, Low Crosby —at 10. Craven (Yorkshire). —Tuesday, Otterburne ; Friday, The Craven Heifer—at 11. E a mont.—Wednesday, Bull's Head, Plumpton ; Sa turday, Click'em, Greystoke-road--at half-past 10. Williams's, Mr. E.—To-morrow, Rock Hotel, Robo rough Down—at half-past 10. Worthing.—To-morro Coombes' Copse ; Saturday, Kennel—at 11. Wyelye, Vale of.— Friday, Ty therington Pond—at 12. SCOTCH. FOX HOUNDS. Forfar and Kincardine.—Tomorrow, Letham Grange ; Saturday, Lauriston—at half•past 10. . RISH. FOX HOUNDS. Duballon. Wednesday, Carri na var ; Saturday, Gina worth Bridge — a t 11. g THE SUNDERLAND CRYSTAL PALACE. —A long list of subscriptions to this undertaking a; ; 'care in the Sun derland Herald. Among the contribiutors are—Edward Backhouse, jun., 2501. ; William Hh n ay, 250/. ; Robert James Brown, 250/. ; Anthony Jo Moore, Mayor, 1001. ; R. L. Pemberton, 100/. ; Samuel Alcock, 50/. ; Henry Fenwick, M.P., 501. ; I'. J. Backhouse, 501. ; E. H. Maling, 501. ; Hodgson and Atcheson, 501. ; Northumberland and Durham Bank, 100/. ; Bradley and Potts, 501. ; Earl Vane, b-ot. ; W. Bell and Co., Marchioness of Londonderry, 100/. ; R. H. Potts and Brothers, 501.; Edward Backhouse, 1051., and many others. Country Marke. HADDINGTON CORN MARK: X—OcT. WHEAT. BARLEY OATS, I BEIM., First 93s Od 46s Od I 4-03 Od 56s 03 Second 93s Od 41s 2d 1 36s 3d } 53s Third SOs Od 34s 64 1 27s 3d 151 a New wheat—First, 100 s I Second, 88a 4d I Third, 72s Od Total quantity of wheat in market, 578 qrs., 568 Bold ~ PP barley „ 344 qrs., 344 soiri PP PP oats 498 qrs., 492 sold beans PI 88 qrs., 59 sold AVERAGES PER IMPEETAL QUARTER. Wheat, 4/. 4 1 0-12ths 1 Barley, 2l. 4 2 B.l2ths Oats, ... 11. 16 3 8-12ths 1 Beans, 21. 13 1 I.l2tbs DALBRITH GRAIN MARKET—OcT. is. Qrs. Best. Current. Inferior. 212 Wheat loos Od oos Od 512 Oats 4os Od oos Od. .... ..... 263 8d 533 Barley 47s 6d oos Od 21 Peas & beans 56s Od oos Od ABERDEEN-OCT. 19. Potato oats 31s Od to 32s Od Common oats 29s 6d t o 30 8 6d 1401bs per bushel Bore 38s Od to 39s Od } s3lba Barley 38s Od to 39s Od Wheat, red (spring)6Bs Od to 74s Od 1 , white 7ss Od to 82s Od 1 621 b Oatmeal 9 3s Od. to 21s Cd per boll. Flour.. , 60s Od to 61s Od per sack. RETAIL PRICES. Flour --s Od to 3s 2d Barley flour,l4lb. Os to 2sod Oatmeal,l4lb 2s 4d to 2s 5d „ dust, Os to 0810 d Beremeal is 9d to is 10d , per lb lid to 2d Peasemeal... N7dto 2s &I Sids, Os to Os 8d 4-Ib. 10af...9d. 1 2-lb. 10af...4id. Cheese, per imperial stone, 3s to 3s 611. PROVISION MARKET. Beef, per lb Gd to Od Mutton, per lb Gd to 8d Veal, per lb 7d to 9d Pork, per 5t...5s 3d to 5s 9d Salmon, per lb --Ms to Os Grouse, per brace Os to Os Tallow, p atone, ssod to 5s 6d Potatoes, pr peck, 6d to 7d Butter for exportation (preset Eggs, wholesale price, per da Butter, p lb. Os 12d to Os 01 Eggs, p doz. Os 8d to is 01 Hens, p pair 3s Od to Ss 6d Chickens,do. 2s Od to 2EI 6d Ducks, do., 2s Od to 28 Ducklings,do 2s Od to 2t: Turkeys, each3s 6d to 4s Od Geese, do., 3s 6d to 4ft nd it cure) per cwt..os Od to 95s ;en .......... ........ 011 to 7d DUBLIN-0 CT. 19. There was a small supply of all descrißtions of grain at market to-day. Wheat met a brisk demand, at an ad vance of fully 6d. Malting barley supported the curren' cies of Tuesday, but other qualities were 6d cheaper. Oats, especially the best samples, must be quoted 3d dearer. Indian corn was held for a further advance. White wheat, 41s Od to 41s 6d ; red ditto, 37s to 43s 01 ; barley, 16s Od to 21s Od ; oats, 14s Od to 13s0 d ; rapeseed. 40s Od to 44s Gd per brl ; oatmeal, 16s Od to 18s Od ; bakers' flour, 24s Od to 27s Od per cwt ; Indian corn, 41s Od to 44s 6d per 4801bs. BBABO.RNE MAILS. (N bignilles that the mails are aunt trom tho General coat-oftlet V the night—and hi by the morning—despatch.) Day when ni a - 1; u;• ser u m wi, at I Wile,. COUNTR/101. In General Post- Pori due n Oftice, London.* Dispg.tch, - ...!„ England kmerica(hyßrit.pack)N Every Friday • • Liverpool Eacn Americo, by United Sts. packet) • • • • • •N .• •••• •• • • Liverpool . Oct. 24 America (by U. States •• •• ••• • • Southampton impton) .• •• Mt •••• • •• • • SOuthanaptonAng. 14 Australia pacet) ( via * S •. Ditto (via Marseilles) N t ..... • • • • • • Dover Ditto (via Cape of Good, Hope) ...117neertala Africa (West Coast) ..N.23d of the month.. Plymouth .. Nov. 6 Alexandria.— 9, 24, & 30 of m. Dover ...... Alexandria..........M 4th & 20th of mon. Southampton) Bahamas ......• • • • • Ml l7 th of the month southampton Belgium ........ ~..NI D aIIY• - • • • • • • • • • • D0ver...... !Daily Brazil •• •••• •• • • • • NI: 91 . 11 of the month.. Southampton Nov. 16 Buenos Ayres ........M 9th of the month.. Southampton Nev. 15 Cape of Good Hope Various ports Uncertain Cape of Good Hope ..N Cape de Yards 9th of the month 'Southampton 'Nov. 15 Ceylon (see India) Ceylon Channel Isles ...N Mon.,'Wed.,&Fri3.Southampton .Th.' at. Chill.. -....• ........ M .2d & 17th of month Southampton China . Once a month.... I Nov. 4 Constantinople ;8,13,18,23,&23 of miDover Constantinople i 4th & 20th of mon. S3tithampton Cont. of Europe M & N Twice daily Oover Testa. daily Egypt (see India) France ........ M & N Twice dai1y...... Dover ...... Gibraltar .......... /o'4, 7,17,20, 27 of m. Southampton Oct. 16 Greece (see India) Greytown & 17th of mon., Southampton Hamhurgh ..........N,Tuesday & Friday:London ..... fievannah .......... M , 2nd of the month , Southampton , Nov. 1 Holland M , Da11y............ Dover nails Honduras ..........M!l7th of the month.isouthampton 16thoftuois India (viaSouthampt.)M 4th & 20th of mon. Plymouth •• Oct. 20 India (via Margeilles)M,9th& nth of month IDover ......I lonian Isles (see India) 7, 17, & 27 of mon D0ver...... Ireland .. ..M & N Twice daily Lisbon • . M ,7, 9 , 17, & 27 of m Southampton ,Oct. 26 Madeira .. • • of the month Southampton Nov. 15 Madeira ............N 23 c l of month • • Malta (see India) Malta . Mauritius (see India) Mauritius ..........N 14th of the month Mexico •• •• •• •• •• M '2nd of the morith.•,Sesithampten Nov. 1 Naples ,sthlsth2sthofmon.!Dover New Granada 31121 & 17th of month i Southampton New Zea1and.......... , 8y private slip .. Various ports UneertaiS Papal States ........N 5 thllsth2sthotmon. Dover ...... Peninsula Ithl7th27thonnon. Southampton Peru Id & 27th of mon. Southampton Port Natal fly private ship... Various ports Uneertal.- sthlbth9Athofraon, Dover ...... Tuscany ............N sthlso2sthofmon. Dover .. • • .. Venezuela Id& 17th of month Southampton 1 & 16 mon Van Diemen's Land (see Australia) West Indies 2d& 17th ot month .Southameten II As 16 mon Sotithamptcw 11&16 mon I2d So 17th ol month When any of these dates fall on a Sunday, the malls will be de spatched on the following day, with the exception of the Indir (vie Southampton), and the Malta, both of which will be despatched tx . preceding day. WIND AND WEATHER REPORT. SATIIIDAT, October 20. Stations. Course of Wind. State of Weather. Greenwich N.W Cloudless. Lothhury. Southampton S Portsmouth N.W Fine. Poole W Fine. Derby ... S.W Fine. Nottingham Leamington W Boston S S.E. Great Grimsby.~ S. Gainsborough S Fine. Liverpool Dublin S.W Cloudy. Yarmouth W Fine. Cambridge S.W Fine. Manchester......... S.W. Rain. Stoke-on-Trent.... S.W Cloudy. Carlisle S.S.W Rain. Sheffield . Lancaster W. Rain. Whitehaven Brighton W... line. Bristol W . Fine. Plymouth Exeter..... S.W Fine. Gloucester Haverfordwest Cardiff S. Fine. . • . Swansea N.W Cloudy. - • _ York Berwick S.W Rain • Sunderland S.W Rain. . . Darlington S.W Rain. Dundee Perth Scarborough Aberdeen S. Rain. Edinburgh W Rain. Hull W: Fine. • Newcastle Whitby Amsterdam Leicester S.W. Fine. Harwich S.W Fine. Glasgow S.W Rain. THE INDIGO SALES.—The sales still continue, and for the good and desirable kinds of Bengal and Kurpell previous rates have been generally paid. Within Of last day or two there has been less demand, an d for the undecided and pale qualities, which comprised A large portion of those brought forward, a fall of 3d. per lb. has been accepted. Of 10,200 chests which hav e passed, 5,967 have been sold, 4,235 have been with drawn and bought in, leaving 2,379 chests to be brough t forward. BIRTHS. OP A EON. On the 17th inst., at Hartley Rectory, Alton, Hanth the wife of the Rev. John Taylor Plummer. On the 19th inst., at Duntesbourne House, Glocester shire, the wife of John P. Haines, Esq. OP A DAUGHTER. - - On the 19th inst., Mn.s Robert Ellis, of 63, Sloane-stree t * On the 19th inst., at Brighton, the wife of the Ref' William Michell. On the 18th inst., at Hammersmith, the wife of Edwar d Tialford, Esq. MARRIED, On the 18th inst., at St. Mary's, Haverfordwest, Cha r ' Edward Coleridge, Esq., barrister-at-law, to Georgin 3 ' third daughter of Gilbert J. Harries, Esq., of Llanunefah Pembrokeshire. On the 18th inst.,. at St. John's, W es t m i n ster, Igo. ° Gib s one, Esq., to "tonna Agnes, third daughter of the late Francis Watts, Esq., F.S.A., late of the London Gaza , and of H.M.'s Hon. Corps of Gentleman-at-Arms. DIED. a l On the 18th inst., at 8, Wilton-crescent, the Right go Lady _Anna Maria Donk* daughter of Gilbert, First El° . of Minto, and widow of General Sir Rufane Shawe D °11• kin, aged 70. On the 18th inst., at Tunbridge-wells, Anne, widow e ' , f the late Sir Edward Cromwell Disbrowe, G.C.H., of ton Hall, Derbyshire. On the 18th inst., at Bifrons, Cranford, Middleso' Charlotte, the wife of Mr. Alderman and Sheriff Rose. na On the 16th inst., at Pari s , Willi a m A r n o ld, Esq., sg" 47. On the 16th inst., at Tiverton, George Henry Trirabeit O Esq., formerly of Tornsey, aged 84. On the 18th inst., at Paris, Mary, wife of Robert Esq., of Camp House, Weston-snper-Mare, Somersetsliir On the 19th inst., Louisa Charlotte, eldest daugh ter ad the Rev. Charles arnard, of Rigby, Lincolnshire, er 26. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO of No. 112, St ran d, P r inter, at The Sun Offices N O. 11 , - ,'( Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the want, " :addleas, Monday, Octobot 22,.1856. 1 r S ~.., Ito ( dllu We( and Wi; of i effe whic and the ' itsel lock of (3 th e Alicc tr at lent