The Sun. — London, England, 1849-07-02 00:00:00

44 !Orb Mintion SUN OFFICE, Seven o' Clock. TATTERSALL'S—THIS EVENING Six o'cLocK. JULY SYMMS, 2 to 1 agst Sweethear , 4 to 1 agst Impressior 6 to 1 agst Tordesilla, 4 to 1 agst any other LIVERPOOL CUP 4 to 1 agst Thringarth 5 to I agst Essedarius GOODWOOD CUI 2 to 1 agst Canezon 4 to 1 agst The Hero GOODWOOD STAKE . 12 to 1 agst Plaudit 15 to 1 agst Giselle 16 to 1 agst Maid of Mashat 18 to 1 agst Remembrance 20 to 1 agat Collingwood 20 to 1 agat Chanticleer DERBY. 20 to 1 agst The Italian 33 to 1 agst John o' Groat 40 to 1 agst . Tordesillas 40 to 1 agat Deicoon IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. (THIS EVENING.) HOUSE OF LORDS. Their Lordships assembled at Fire o'clock. The Marquis of LONDONDERRY presented a peti. tion from Newcastle against any alteration in the Mar. riage Act. SCOTCH AND IRISH PACKETS. The Marquis of LONDONDERRY moved that there be laid before this House copies of all communications that have taken place between the Postmaster-General and the parties who have contracted for carrying the mails from Greenock to Belfast ; also copies of any contracts that have been made, stating the period for which they have been made; and also any statements to show the eco nomy and saving proposed by any new arrangements. After the paper should have been laid upon the table, he intended to move that after the large sums expended in improving the harbours o f Port Patrick and Do naghadee, it was inexpedient that the packets should be removed from that station. The Marquis of CLANRICARDE, so far from ob jecting to laying the papers before their Lordships would move, as an amendment, that the whole of the correspondence connected with the subject should be laid before the House. The motion as amended was agreed to after a. few ob servations from the Earl of ELLENBOROUGH. PETITIONS. Lord STANLEY presented a petition from certain persons connected with tho landed interest, praying for a re-enactment of the corn-laws. ITALY. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE laid on the table the communication from the Austrian Go vernment on the subject of the entrance of Austrian troops into Tuscany. This comm.uTncation had been made subsequent to the time that question had been first mooted in the House. After a few words from the Earl of Aberdeen, The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said that no formal communication had been made from Austria at the time the communication was made from Turin. The Earl of ABERDEEN said that if the Noble Marquis had said no written communication had been made from the Austrian Government he would have been c rivet, but although not written the communica tion was formal. HUNGARY: Lord BROUGHAM asked if any step had been taken to recognise Kossuth's Government of Hungary? The Marquis of LANSDOWNE was understood to reply in the negative. Lord BROUGHAM had understood that an emissary r,f Kossuth hail been received at the Foreign-office. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said no accredited emissary from Hungary- had been reognized in this country. PETITIONS. The Duke of RICHMOND presented a petition numerously signed by landowners and farmers in DPr byshire, praying for a rc-enactmcnt of the corn laws. The Noble Duke thought their Lordships were trying the loyalty of the petitioners too far in refusing to do any thing for them. Earl FORTESCUE presented petitions in favour of an alteration in the terms of the education grant. IRISH POOR-LAWS. Earl FORTESCUE presented the report of the Cora mittee on the Irish poor laws. ENTAILED ESTATES. The Duke of RICHMOND presented the report of the Committee on entailed estates, and moved that the report be received.—Agreed to. The NOBLE EARL then brought in a Bill to carry out the recommendations of the Committee. The object of the Bill was to enable owners of entailed estates to borrow money for the purposes of drainage. The Committee thought it was of great import ance that this Bill Should 'yang during the present session, and he sholud like in the next session to have the Committee reappointed, in order to carry the investigation of the subject still further He should not be able to move the second reading of the Bill next week, because he should be obliged to attend his duties at quarter sessions, and he hoped the Noble Earl at the head of the Woods and Forests would take charge of it aad give it the support of the Government, as, unless the Government took it up, there was no chance of the Bill passing during this session. The Earl of WICKLOW hoped the measure would be extended to Ireland. The Duke of RICAIMOND had ,7 13 .. ino o jecton to -4 ex tend the measure to Ireland, but he had been long enough in Parliament to know that any question con nected with Ireland gave rise to lengthened debates, and he was exceedingly anxious that this measure should pass during this session. The Earl of CARLISLE cordially approved of the objects of this Bill, and although he would not undertake to state that no alteration could be found necessary; yet with thatproviso he would be happy to give to the Bill every support in his power. Lord BEAUMONT said that no Drainage Bill would be effectual until they had a law for regulating the out lets of drainage. He hoped Government would intro duce a measure authorising two-thirds of the landowners of a district to erect engines for drainage, and to levy rates for the purpose of defraying the expense of such engines. The Bill was then read a first time. SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Lord MONTEAGLE presented a petition from the inhabitants of South Australia, to which he wished to draw the attention of their Lordships. The petitioners prayed for a reduction in the franchise proposed in the new constitution. (LEFT SPEARING.) HOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Five Minutes before Four o'clock. PRIVATE BILLS. The Lords' amendments to the following Bills were considered and agreed to: — Charing-cross Bridge (Amendment of Acts, Powers to alter authorised Approaches. &c). East Anglian Railways (Ely and Huntingdon Rail way, Extension of Time). The following Bills were read a third time and passed:— Lanarkshire (East and West Line) and Glasgow and Shotts Turnpike Roads (Amendment of Acts, &c.) Shrewsbury and Birmingham Railway Acts Amend ment. Branches, and Deviations. The report on the General Land Drainage and Im provement Company (Incorporation and Conferring of Powers) Bill was considered and agreed to. PROTECTION OF WOMEN. Mr. DUNCAN presented nine petitions from South Shields and other places ia the county of Durham, in favour of the Bill for the better protection of women. Mr. CHRISTOPHER. presented a similar, petition from Lincoln. Mr. WILLIAMS presented a similar petition from Macclesfield. BEER HOUSES. Mr. BROTHER TON presented a petition from Gravesend and other places against the spread of beer houses. THE CHARTER. Mr. HENRY presented a petition from Lancashire in favour of the People's Charter. Mr. CLAY presented a similar petition from Hull. AGRICULTURAL DISTRESS. Mr. 0. DUNCOMBE presented a petition from York shire complaining of agricultural distress. Lord BROOKE presented a similar petition from Warwickshire, agreed to at a meeting of 7,000 persons, presided over by the High Sheriff of the county. BANKRUPTCY LAWS. Mr. BASS presented a petition from Derby in favour of the Bankruptcy Consolidation Bill. Sir GEORGE STRICKLAND presented a similar petition from Preston. SANITARY STATE OF DUBLIN. Mr. FREWEN presented a pe tition from Dublin, prying for a sanitary measure for that city. COUNTY COURTS Mr. HILDYARD presented a petition from White haven, praying for an extension of the jurisdiction of the county courts. MARRIAGE (SCOTLAND) BILL. 111 r. COWAN presented a petition from Edinburgh against this Bill. PARLIAMENTARY REFORM. Captain PECHELL presented a petition from Brighton, praying for parliamentary reform. AGRICULTURAL DISTRESS. The Earl of MARCH presented several petitions from Surrey and Sussex, complaining of agricultural distress. Major BERESFORD presented a similar petition from the county of Essex. THE CHARTER. Mr. COBDEN presented a petition from a place in Yorkshire in favour of the adoption of the People's charter. PROTECTION OF WOMEN. Mr. SCULLY presented a petition from Tipperary, in favour of the Bill for giving protection to women. AGRICULTURAL DISTRESS. Mr. NEWDEGATE presented petitions from North Warwickshire and other places, complaining of the operation of free trade legislation, and of agricultural sliatress. GOVERNMENT OF KINGSTON, JAMAICA, - . Mr. HENRY BAILLIE presented a petition from the House of Assembly in Kingston, Jamaica, praying , that the Government of that colony might be assimi lated to that of our North American colonie?. SUPERANNUATION TO POOR-LAW OFFICERS. Mr. THORNELY wished to put a question to the President of the Poor-law Board in consequence of the numerous petitions which had been presented to the House on the subject. The question was —whether it was the .intention of the Government to bring in any Bill to establish a superannuation fund for the officers of poor-law unions; and if a Bill were to be brought in, whether it was proposed that the funds should be provided by a rate or by a reduction of the salaries of the officers? Mr. BAINES said the subject of a superannuation fund had been for some time under the consideration of the poor-law board, and he hoped very shortly to be able to lay a Bill on the table of the House. The details of the measure were, however, not sufficiently matured to war rant the hope that it would be introduced during the present session. With regard to the fund, he begged to state distinctly that he for one would be no party to in troducing any system of compensation which was payable either out of the poor-rates or out of any other fund of the country,—(Hear, hear.) The only principle which he should think advisable was that adopted in the Metro- politan Police Act, eight years ago, and in the Borough Police Act last year, of providing a fund out of reduc tions from officers' salaries.—(Hear, hear.) NEW SOUTH WALES. Mr. SCOTT put the following question to the Go vernment :—Her Majesty's Government having intro duced into Parliament the Australian Colonies (No. 2) Bill, continuing in New South Wales a single Chamber of Legislature, on the ground, as stated in the papers, presented to both Houses on the 25th day of May, that - public opinion in the colony is opposed to a double cham ber, and these papers recording the decision of the present Governor of New South Wales, and of the legislative council, and containing petitions from the most populous and influential portions of the colony in favour of a second Chamber, is it the intention of her e Majesty's Government to proceed with the Bill in its present shape; also, was any communication on the same subject re ceived from the late Governor Sir George Gipps, and if so, is there any objection-to its bein g l a id on t h e ta bl e before proceeding with the Bill? Mr. lIAWES stated that Bill No. 2 was an exact copy of the first Bill, and that it was the intention of the Government to proceed with it. The iiemeneeabie Gentleman was also understood to say that no such dis patch existed as that referred to by the Hon. Gentleman, from Sir George Gipps. AFFAIRS OF CHINA. Mr. 11. BAILLIE wished to put a question to the NubleLord at th e th a e ffa h i e r a s d o o f f C th h e ia l' a. orei ß g y n Departmentthelastaccounts which reference to had arrived from that country] it appeared that the Emperor had caused an additional communication to be made to her Majesty's Plenipotentiary, that he did not intend to observe the first article of the Treaty, signed by the Imperial Commissioners and Sir M. Davies, which was to the effect, that at a fixed pe riod of next year the city of Canton should le opened to British subjects. By the same accounts it appeared that one of the principal articles in the Nankin Treaty had been violated. That article provides that British merchants should not, as they had hitherto been compelled to sell their commodities through certain Chinese guilds, but that they should sell them through whom and to whom they liked. It seemed, however, that an exception had; been taken to this article, and a respectable man who had been in the habit of dealing with British merchants, who were considered as foreigners, had been put to death for so doing, while others had been obliged to fly to avoid a similar fate. The question, therefore, he wished to ask was, wire ther it was the intention of Government to compel the per formance of those treaties with China, and whether the Noble Lord had any objection to lay un the table of the House the communications and instructions which had passed on the subject. Lord PALMERSTON said considerable anxiety had been felt on this subject amongst the commercial community, but he was glad to say that such anxiety did no: rest upon any solid foundation. It was true, us stated by the Hon. Gentle man, that a communication had passed between the Government of China and her Majesty's Government, on the subject of the treaty relating to Canton. It was also true that the Government of China had demurred to the engagement conferring privileges on British subjects in reference to trading in Canton, but it was on the ground that they were not able to prevent outrages and insults being offered to British subjects by the natives, which might tend to disturb the friendly relations which existed between the two countries. Her Majesty's Government had not yielded the rights which the treaty con ferred upon them ; on the contrary, they claimed to continue them, but in preference to enforcing those rights by force of arms, Govern ment might think it necessary to delay taking posses sion of Canton till the Chinese authorities were in a position to repress outrage and insult on British sub jects.—(Loud cries of " Hear, hear.") With regard to the second question of the Hon. Gentleman, relating to the treaty of Nankin, it was true that some agitation had occurred in China on the subject and the act referred to by the Hon. Gentleman; but ha w as informed that it was the act of an individual and not of the Chinese Government. Still, however that might be, he had no hesitation in stating that it was the intention of her Majesty's Government to exact from the Government of China a full and faithful performance of those treaties which had been made for the interest of this country.—(Hear, hear.) Representations had been made on the subject, and from all that he had heard he was led to believe that these representations would be attended with success. UNION OF KILRUSH. Mr. CRAWFORD then rose, pursuant to notice, to call the attention of her Majesty's Government to the statements of continued evictions in the Union of Kil rush, contained in Captain Kennedy's last reports, and to ask, whether it was the intention of the Government to propose any measure to Parliament for the better protection of the lives of evicted tenants. Lord JOHN RUSSELL said that the Government had received reports on the subject to which the Han. Member had alluded, but he did not know that the Government could add anything to the measures they bad already brought forward on the subject. The Go vernment had no measures at present in contemplation to prevent the invasion of the Act. NAVIGATION LAWS. Lord PALMERSTON in answer to a question from Mr. Cornewall Lee), said that it would not be till the end of the year corresponding, laws would be made re• lative to the navigation laws in America. PUBLIC BUSINESS. _ _ On the question that the orders of the day should be now read, Lord JOHN RUSSELL said that he would take that opportunity of stating the course the Government intended to pursue with respect to the different mea sures now before the House. The first notice that stood on the paper of that evening was the Poor Relief (Ireland) Bill. That Bill having gone through Committee, and the greater portion of the clauses having been gone through, he would propose that the House should sit at twelve o'clock to morrow (Tuesday), and if they got through the Committee and the report, he would suggest that the third reading should take place on Monday pelt, as it was desirable that the attention of the House of Lords should be called to the subject as speedily as possible. On Friday, as he had already stated to the House, the Government proposed to take the Scotch Marriage and Registration Bill before any other business. After the consideration of these Bills the Chancellor of the Ex chequer would propose the advance for Irish railways and distress in that country. On Monday as he had before said the Government proposed to go on with the third reading of the Poor Relief Ireland Bill. On Tnursday and Friday next week the Government pro posed to take the ordnance estimates and the remaining estimates on Committee of Supply. He had stated on a former occasion that they might have to postpone the opening of the Irish College till next year. Ile (Lord John Russell) had, however, had a communication from Ireland, which had induced him to think that great disappointment would be felt if such a course was pursued, and ho should propose, therefore, to open those during the present year, and such being his intention it would be necessary to ask for a sum of money in a Committee of Supply. There was another Bill with respect to which much inquiry had been made l u d as e d t t o o th w o h A en ost i r t olio w n oud olon b y e proceede d il,the Govern ment proposed to tike the second reading of that Bill on Monday the 16th; and it might be as well that he should state that it was the intention of the Government to propose some very important changes in that Bill. The first alteration was with regard to the tariff. They proposed to give the General Assembly the power of making a general tariff for the whole of the colonies. The next was with regard to the price of land, which was now fixed by Act of Parliament. Now, the Go vernment proposed that the General Assembly sould have the power of altering the price of land, when it should think proper and necessary.—(hear, hear.) He trusted that the Bill was of such a nature as to obtain the assent of the House, since it was important for the future Government of Australia, and in accord. ance with the feeiing for some time generaly expressed in that House. With respect to some other of the Bills he did not propose at present to give any of them up to-night, by discharging the orders in respect of them. The most important Bill was one with regard to the Ecclesiastical Commission. That Bill was founded upon one which was introduced into G o r f eat ca o n bj t e e c r t b i u o r n y s were ma that Ren d s: b t y bre t e he s l e a s t s o io A ns rch a b g i o sh . op entations res that and the Bishops con nected with the Ecclesias tical Commission, and upon the re p , were made he gave up the Bill preferring to r efer i t to report ge n erally Select Co mm i t t ee which made a in favour of th e Bill that bad been originally proposed; and he had every reason to anticipate the approval of the House to the Bill; but it had been re presented to him from various quarters that, whilst a Commission was pending with regard to Church leases — moved for by a Noble Fiiend—it was thought not de sirable to croceed with the Bill during the presentsession. On the other hand, they had to anticipate great oppo sition from the House of Lords. Seeing the difficulties in the way, he thought that Bill would stand a better chance of coming to a consummation by postponing it to another Session. With regard to the Charitable Trusts Bill, he had consulted the Lord Chancellor upon the sub ject, and the result was that he did not intend to proceed with that Bill this session. There were, however, one or two other subjects of very great im portance, with respect to which it was neces sary they should bring measures before the House, and as to the grounds for which they were introduced it was necessary to explain to the House, also the reasons why they should be passed during the present session. The most important of these related to the question of lights and pilotage. His Right Hon. Friend would state to the House his general views on this subj , ,ct, without, however, proposing to legislate for the present purpose with respect to the mercantile marine. He pro posed that the House should sit on Tuesday to proceed with this Bill. He proposed on Monday next that the House should take into consideration the amendments to the Encumbered Estates Bill. They had been printed, and required, especially one of them, the deliberate conside ration of the House. He did not think it was necessary to state anything further. He trusted there would be no objection to their taking the third read ing of Bills to which there was not any opposition; but he should not proceed with any that would interfere with the promise he bad made to the Hon. Gentleman opposite, that nothing should interfere with his motion for to-night. The Noble Lord concluded by moving that the House should sit to-morrow at twelve. BANKRUPTCY BILL. Mr. B. OSBORNE said there was one Bill of con aiderable importance, namely, the Bankruptcy Bill. Lord J. RUSSELL replied that the Bill was under the consideration of a Select Committee, and he believed there was a general assent in the Committee to the Bill, and he hoped that nothing would prevent its pro ceeding this session, for he held it to be an important measure. SCOTCH BILLS.-PUBLIC HEALTH BILL. AN HoN. MEMBER referred to the Scotch Marriages and Registration Bill. He understood they were not to be proceeded with. What did the Noble Lord p ropose doing with the Public Health Bill and the Town's Im provement Bills ? Lord JOHN RUSSELL said there were all important Bills, and he should be glad to have the opinion of the House whether they should be proceeded with or not. The Scotch Members had certainly expressed a strong disinclination to the Scotch Bills. JUVENILE OFFENDERS. Mr. ROEBUCK wished to ask the Attorney-General a que.tion with respect to a Bill which, though it had not exited much attention, was, nevertheless, to his mind, one of the utmost importance—the Juvenile Offenders Bill.—(Hear, hear.) As the Members con nected with Quarter Sessions would be absent next week, he hoped he would not then bring it on, but he hoped it would be proceeded with this Session. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL intended to proceed with the Bill this session, but should not bring it for ward rrod that to we e t n ru r sas reb the Pri n v e at t e . wa za rd n wh il il u st mEly the si G nc e e n r t e lem Members had given up the Thursdays, that the Government would not now press for the Tuesdays, for if they did, how was it possible at the hour on which such questions might come on as a difference of the Irish Church.—(Loud laughter.) It was quite evident that the Noble Lord had no conscience. —(Renewed laughter.) Ile did hope then that the Government would not deprive private Members of the only advantage that they possessed. MERCHANT SEAMEN'S FUND. Mr. GLADSTONE wished to ask a question respect ing tho intention of the Government concerning the interest of the mercantile marine. He had hoped tha some Bill woulo introduced, and until lately hi had ;lived that a Bill would have been passed this session for the regulation of the Merchant Seamen's Fund. NG matter was of more importance to the commercial in terests of the country; and if it were much longer delayed it must of necessity become much more costly than it would be now. Yet although all expectation of passing such a Bill during the present session must of course be laid aside, he did hope that some Bill on the subject would be laid on the table before the House broke up, as although little progress could at present be made the future furtherance of the measure would be greatly facilitated. Lord JOHN RUSSELL could give no positive answer to the question of th© Right Hon. Ueutkrnan, or pledge himself to anything which he was not sure of ac complishing. THE NAVIGATION LAWS. Mr. HERRIES wished to put a question to the Nuble Lord at the Head of the Foreign Department respecting the [ ran bill ty that existed of any relaxation being made in the navigation• laws of the United States, in reply to the relaxation which had been made in our own laws, and it so when such concession was likely to be wade. Lord PALMERSTON said that the Constitution of the United States ri quired that the President was obliged to grant relaxations in the laws which regu lated the commerce of that country in ports in the Pacific, no: ports belonging to the United States, equal to those granted by the Powers holding any other pos sessions in that ocean, but he had no expectation that any present:relaxation of the American tariff would at present be made. RETURNS OF ECCLESIASTICAL PLURALI• TIES. Mr. HUME complained that the returns of pluralities which were ordered to be given four months ago had not been produced. He thought that if the officials in the several offices from which they were to emanate were overburthened with work, he thought that the best thing that could be done would be to dis miss them.—(Laughter.) If there was any hope of the returns being made, he should be glad to hear when they were likely to be made. Lord J. RUSSELL said that the returns were very weighty but would - appear as soon as they could be made THMD READINGS. The following Blllswere;eacitithird time:— Irish Turnpike. Marriages in Foreign Countries. Sewers Act Amendment. In answer to a question from Mr. A. E. DENISON, Lord J. RUSSELL said that he believed that the Ecclesiastical Commission would report during the recess. STATE OF THE NATION. Mr. DISRAELI rose to bring forward his motion— that this House will resolve itself into a Committee of tho whole House, to take into consideration the state of the nation. He said, I rise, Sir, to make a statement to the House on the motion of which I have given notice. I do so, because in my opinion great and general distress prevails in this country—(Hear, hear, hear)—and because I believe that great and general distress has been progressive sinece the formation of the present Government. The Noble Lord and his colleagues have possessed the Government of this country for three years, uncontrolled and uncriticised.—(Laughter.) They have passed all their measures—they have not had to encounter an ordinary opposition.—(Hear.) No body ' of men have enjoyed the Government of this country heretofore under circumstances so painful as those that have been possessed by the Noble Lord and his col leagues. That being the case in England, to contrast the situation of England at the present moment with what it was at the period when the Noble Lord and his colleagues assumed the reins of power. I need not recall to the recollection of Hon. Gentlemen the state and condi tion of England at the commencement, I would say, of the year 1846. In all its relations profound tranquillity pro veiled throughout Europe, and if any of those criti cal conjunctions that will be occasionally occur ring in the complicated transactions of great states did ever arise so great was the influence of England, and so justly great, that the kindly mediation of our country uniformly resulted in the amicable settlement of those questions at issue. At that moment also our colonies, after suffering great vicissi tudes, I w ill not stand here to say vicissitudes which were the consequences of our inconsistent legislation,—but after enduring great vicissitudes, our colonies had re conciled themselves to the new position in which they, were placed ; and great, as some thought, insuperable as were the difficulties with which they bad to contend, there had existed in our colonies a quality which I fear no one can pretend exists at tie present moment—hope.—(Hear, hear.) At that period, the commencement of 1846, our export trade had reached an amount which never before had been achieved by the people. of this country. At that period, those various classes that form what is popularly called the agricultural interest were prospering, not so much by the enjoyment of what is called high prices, but by being ena bled to produce from the soil a greater quantity of produce than they had for many years, and being sure of a market where that produce would be disposed of. At that period the state of Ireland, if not en tirely satisfactory to those who were its real friends, it still it were the victim of political empiricism, and tius only cure for its evils was still to be considered, if still it were to be sent mes sages of peace, was, n evert h e l ess, compared with its present state, one only of comparative happiness.— (Hear, hear.) And, finally, in her Majesty's Exchequer there existed a surplus revenue between 3,000,0001. and 4,000,0001. sterling, The Hon. Gentleman then proceeded to draw a still fur- ther comparison between the state of the country and its state when Lord John Russell came last into power. Notwithstanding all the sacrifices that have been made by the colonies—sacrifices which no body of men ever yet before endured, and met with Equal spirit —they were told that they had to make still greater exertions. Not satisfied with possess ing an ample surplus revenue, and discreetly administering it, we were told that the tea duty must be taken off immediately.—(Hear.) Notwithstanding we possessed the greatest influence in our external relations, and mainly secured the tranquillity of Europe, that did not satisfy us. What we wanted to pos sees was nothing else but perpetual peace and cosmopolitan tranquility.—(Laugh ter, and cheers.) Well, Sir, what has been the consequences of these aspirations? Three years and a half have elapsed and we have upon this table the most elaborate and most authentic evidence of the condition of the people. I apprehend that lion. Gentlemen will agree with me that the best test of national prosperity is the employment of the great mass of the working classes—(Loud cries of " Hear, hear.")—of the working population at a fair rate of pro fitable wages.—(Hear, hear.) I mean, by profitable wages, wages that will leave a profit to the em pleyer; otherwise the wages enjoyed by the employed would have very little prospect of lasting. (Hear, hear.) The rise and fall of pauperism, especially when there are great fluctuations, are the Lest test of the state of the body politic, and especially u hen we consider the condition of the able- bodicd poor. (Hear, hear.) Now, when the House is employed in considering political systems, all sup ported by great ability , and when there is such rivalry of economic theories, we are very apt to pause and take general view s of affairs, we are very conscious hourly of a theto forget, ehauges or is hirashereh are nut urr oc t c oh i o ng beneath us, and about us, and the alteration is that drawn to these results until they are realised. If we look to the state of the able-bodied poor in England at the com mencement of 1846, and the condition of the able-bodied when we have authentic information ' on the subject, we find a startling result—Bear, ,hear) — poor in Ehgland, up go the last period and here I beg to remind the House that I am appealing to authentic records. In any observation which, with your permission, I shall make to-day, I shall appeal only to documents, the fidelity of which cannot be impwed. (LEFT SPEAKING.) CRICKET.—(THIS DAY.) GENTLEMEN OF ENGLAND V. GENTLEMEN OF KENT. (Continued from our Afternoon Edition.) The following is the score up to six o'clock:— ENGLAND-FIRST INNINGS. Total KENT-SECOND INNINGS. H. Norton, Ecg.—b Fellowes J. Traill, Lq.—b Fellowes Hon. E. Bligh—c C. Ridding, b Craven . N. Ft bx, E,q.—not out A. Mynn, Esq.—not out ... b 2, n b 1 . . ... 85 ... 3 ... 0 ... 4 .. 0 ... 3 ... 3 Total ... 13 DEPARTURES AND ALTERATIONS OF THE FOREIGN AND COLONIAL MAILS FOR JULY. The following are the dates on which the foreign and colonial mails will be made up at the General Post•oflice, St. Martin's-le-Grand, during the ensuing month of July, and when the return packets will be due at Southampton, Liverpool, and Falmouth:— West Indies, &c.—For the British and foreign colonies in the West Indies (except Honduras, Nassau, Bermuda, and Havannah), Venezuela and Jaemel on the morning o f the 2d and 17th, Bermuda, Nassau, New Orleans, Mexico, Honduras, and flavannah, on the morning of the 2d only; Madeira, Grey Town (San Juan de Nica ragua), New Grenada, Chili, and Peru, on the morn ing of the 17th only. The Trent steamer for the mails of the 2d, via Southampton; next packets due on the 7th and 22d. Madeira, Brazil, and Buenos Ayres, on the evening of the 4th, by her Majesty's brig Penguin, from Falmouth, due; her Majesty's brig Crane (over due); her Ma jesty's brig Linnet, due on the 25th at Falmouth. (From August to January icclusive the packet touches at Pernambuco and Bahia, on her outward passage to Rio Janeiro, and the other six months on her home. ward.) United States, &c.—For British North America and the United States on the evening of the 6;h, by the Ca ledonia steamer, via Liverpool, Halifax, and Boston; on the evening of the lath to New York by the Europa steamer; on the evening of the 20th to Boston by the Cambria steamer; and on the evening of the 27th, to New York by the America steamer. Next packets due at Liverpool—the Europa, on the 4th from Boston; the Cambria on the 12th from New York; the America, on the 18th from Boston, and the Hibernia s t eamer , on t h e 26th from New York. (The branch packets for New foundland will be dispatched from Halifax on the arrival at the latter port of the homeward packet from Boston, and the branch packet for Bermuda will be dispatched from Halifax on the arrival at that port of the outward packet for Boston.) Mediterranean, India, &c.—For the Mediterranean, Malta, Egypt, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China on the evenings of the 7th and 24th (Mauritius on the 24th) by tiae fortnightly overland closed mails via Marseilles, due on the 2 , 3; Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Ccyfon, Mauritius, India, and China on the morning of the it3th,- by the Oriental Steam Company's packet from Southampton due on the 28th at Southampton. Peninsula, &c.—Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, via Lisbon, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, on the mornings of the 7th, 17th, aid 27th, by the Peninsular Steam Com pany's packets from Southampton. Next packets due on the sth, lsth,and 25th, at Southampton. Sydney, New South %Vales, Australia, Van Diemen's Land, and New Z'alsnd, by ship letter-bags, which will be forwarded by vessels sailing from London and other ports of the United Kingdom. Newspapers to these co• lonies must be prepaid one penny each, or they will not be forwarded by these bags. France, &v.—Twice daily—morning and evening (Sen.. days excepted), by her Majesty's mail steam-packets, via Dot er and Calais, due daily. Belgium, &e. (and countries through Belgium, Prussia, and Ge rmany, ilamburgh, Turkey, Moldavia, Walla chia, Servia. &e.)—Every evening (except Sunday), by her Majesty's steam packets via Dover and Ostend; due daily. Ilamburgh, &c.—Tuesday and Friday evenings; due Tuesdays and Saturdays. Holland, &c.—Wednesday and Saturday mornings; duo Mondays and Thursdays, by the General Steam Navigation Company's packets, via the Thames. Sierra Leone, &e.—Mails will be made up on Monday evening, the 2d of July, fur Madeira, San Nicholas (Cape Verd Islands), Sierra Leone, and the idand of Ascension, to be forwarded by her Majesty's ship Ranger, ap• pointed to sail from Devonport on the evening of the 3d. Letters to Madeira and Cape Verd, ls. 10d. per half. ounce; newspapers, 2d. each, which must be prepaid. Sierra Leone and Ascension—Letters, ls.; newspapers, free. ONDAY EVENING, JULY 2, 1849 SCHLES WIG-HOLSTEIN. - - - - - HADERSLEEEN, JUNE 26.—Everything is appa rently in statu quo at Fredericia, but the general impression is that hostilities will be commenced in the course of a few days. The northern army has now established its head quarters at Aar huus. The Imperial troops have advanced two leagues and a half further southward, but it seems to be dubious whether or not Randus has yet been occupied by the Prussian corps. It is true that on the 21st they were already confronting the enemy's troops, and a geneeal engagement was ex pected, when orders were suddenly given to halt. The right wing of the Prussians remained standing, the Danes on the right fell back upon the peninsular of Kelgemas, while the centre, composed of Bavarians, made a forward movement, not a shot was fired on either side. Reports of an approaching armistice, and of the amicable solution of the pending negociations are in continual circulation, but they are reports only and nothing definite or decisive appears to be yet determined upon. The large demands made on both sides, not only relative to the main question, that of the future relation of the Duchies to Denmark, but to the blockade expenses and the expenses of the war under this long contested question, are extremely difficult to settle. The appearance of the gros of the Russian fleet will doubtless have some weight ; as yet only a few isolated frigates and other Russian vessels have appeared in sight.—Hamburgh Papers. THE INSURRECTION IN BADEN. The Grand Duke of Baden was expected at Darn stadt on the 26th ult. The state of siege in which the province of Stark raburg had been placed, is removed by order of the Minister, not a single instance having occurred there in which martial law was applied. The Mayence Gazette states the capitulation of Rastadt is certain—but the Cologne Gazette of the 30th says :—" That the steamer which has just arrived from Mayence brought no intelligence of the oc cupation of that fortress by the Russian troops, but stated that the fortress had been allowed three days to capitulate. Private letters assert that Rastatt has been taken, and that Mieroslawsky, fol lowed by the insurgent army, has retired beyond the Murg. He did not wish to weaken his forces by di viding his army, which he must otherwise necessarily have done, and therefore was obliged to stake the fortress. The Karlsruhe Journal, of the 28th, says nothing of the surrender of Rastadt. POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. During the past week, at this establishment, Dr. Bachhoffner has been engaged in delivering a lecture on the various methods of producing artificial ice, which can be employed in cooling wine, &c. The production of cold, artificially, depends in all cases upon one great principle, viz., that when bodies pass from the solid to the fluid, or from the fluid to the gaseous condition, they require an increased amount of heat to enable them to exist in their new- form ; to produce cold, then, we mealy have to bring together such bodies as can be made to pass rapidly from one state to the other, in so doing they rob surrounding bodies of the heat uhich they contain, and produce the desired effect, if we place those bodies we desire to cool in connexion with them. It will be seen from this that it is necessary to employ vessels adapted to each particular case, and for this purpose the patent arrangements of Mr. Masters stand alone. Many of them were exhi bited on the lecture table, and appeared at once simple, economical, and elegant. It is worthy of remark that by this contrivance a bottle of wine may be iced in a few seconds at a very trifling cost. Amongst the many interesting experi ments by the Learned Doctor during his lecture was an illustration of the extraordinary fact discovered by Doctor Bontyony, viz, that water may be frozen in a red hot vessel, if we merely follow out the prin ciples before alluded to. The lecture was extremely well attended by a most respectable audience, who appeared highly gratified by the simple and pleasing manner with which the Professor treated his subject. T-- TOXOPHOLITE BALL.—The annual ball of this long-established archery society, of which the Earl of Aylesford, is president, took place on Friday night, at the Archer's Lodge, Regent's Park. The grounds at tached to that charming little retreat were brilliantly illuminated by thousands of variegated lean. s, and the avenues which approach the mansion were lighted by coloured lamps. In front of the lawn, the ordinary prac tice ground, a very superb temporary saloon was erected for dancing, the walls being relieved with coloured dra peries. The archer's hall, which communicated with the ball room, was tastefully lighted by wax candles arranged in semicircles round the apartment, and among the conspicuous objects of attention were the numerous silver trophies belonging to the members of the society. Another temporary saloon had been erected and hand somely decorated, in which refreshments of the choicest description and a sumptuous supper were supplied under the admirable superintendence of Bridgeman, of Wig more-street.. Dancing commenced shortly after 11, and was maintained with unabated spirit until after four o'clock on Saturday morning—Jullien's band being en gaged lor the fete. Above 500 members and friends were present on the occasion. We gain as much in avoiding the failings of others, as we do imitating that in which they excel.—Lliza cook's Journal, THE BOMBARDMENT OF ROME: The following is an extract of a letter from Fathe. Ventura : " At the moment that I am writing these lines my heart is bowed down with grief. The French soldiers are bombarding Rome, destroying its monuments, and massacring its inhabitants, and blood is flowing in streams on both sides. Fears are enter tained lest when the French enter Rome by as sault the people should in its rage massacre all the priests and all the nuns. What a fine victory will this be for France ! What a great restoration of the Pope! History tells us that restorations by force ale not durable, and that thrones raise d upon dead bodies and in blood are certain to be soon overthrown. 01 all the combinations discussed at Gaeta the most fatal has been chosen. But what is still mote grievous to every catholic mind is that this re storation, if it takes place,. will destroy the autho rity or the Pontiff without establidaing the power of the Prince. Each cannon ball that ruins the walls of Rome will destroy by degrees the faith of the Ro mans in the Catholic Religion. The eff, ct pi e duced by " i con Mti di Pio lino rnandati a suer figli" (the cannon balls so ticketed and carried through the city) is known, but is as nothing compared to the rage against the Church, and the Catholic religion, created by the sight of the French shells. As most of these shells have fallen in the Transtevere, and ruined the houses of the poor people who inhabit it, as well as killed some of them, the Transtev:,rini—that Fortier' of the pepulation, lately so catholic, are those who now curse and blaspheme against the Pope and the clergy, in whose name they see all this carnage and horror. "I am far from believing that Pius the Ninth desires, or even knows all this; but what I know and believe on this matter is unknown to the Roman people, who only see and feel that they they are suffering. They si e that the Austrians, with Monsignor Bedini amongst them, are ravaging the legations, bombarding towns, inapesing enormous taxes on peaceable citizens, are prescribing and shooting the most ardent patriots, acid re-establishnig the clerical absolutism wherever they go. They see that the French are spilling Roman blood in the name of the Pope, who has sent against them four powers, armed with all the means of destruction, against the Roman State, like a pack of hounds against a wild beast. They feel and know all this, and they rise against the Pope and the Church in the name and interest of which the Pope pro claims that it is his duty to reconquer by force his temporal power. The excesses of Rome have been sur passed by the excesses of Gaeta. Not a word has been said of peace, reconciliation, or pardon; not a promise made to maintain public liberties; and yet this ought to have been done by the Pope. The last allocution of the Pontiff has been road. how imprudent to have made the Pope praise Austria, and the King of Naples, who have ever been the sworn foes of Italian independence. How much more imprudent still to make him say that, of his own accord, he had appealed to the powers to re-establish him on a throne which he had himself abandoned. It was confessing that he wished to do to his people what he had declared' unwilling last year to do against the Croats and Austrians, oppressors of Italy. Even the women feel this reasoning; and now that they see the effects of this brutal war of four great powers against a small state, their husbands and chil dren killed and wounded, you cannot form an idea of the rage of these women, of the energetic sentiments that they utter, and the fury that animates them against eh,e Poue,the cardinals, and the mass of the priesthood. You can conceive, therefore, how it is that churches have been devastated. People will no longer confess them selses, or communicate, or hear mass. There is no longer any preaching at Rome, because no one will listen. Everything that is presented by a priest, or smells of a priest, is shunned. "To me Pius IX. is always the vicar of Jesus Christ, the head of the Church. But can the mass understand this. I know that all the youth of Rome and all those who have instruction, reason as follows : ' The Pope wants to reign over us by force. Ile wants for the Church, or the priests, a sovereignty which only belongs to the people, and he thinks that it is his duty to act thus, because we are Catho lics, and because Rome is the centre of Catholicism. Well, what is there to prevent us from abst,cluning Ca tholicism, and becoming Protestants if necessary; and then what pulitical right can he urge against us? Fur is it not horrible to think, that because we are Catholics and sons of the Church, we mast be kept in leading strings by the Church, abjure all our rights, and expect from the liberality of priests as a concession what is justly due to us, and be condemned to the lot of the most miserable of nations?' " These sentiments are more common than they are supposed to be, and have even penetrated into the mkt's of women. And thus my labours of twenty years have been lost, and Protestantism is de facto implanted in a portion of the good and religious Roman people, and that too, horrible to relate, by the priesthood itself and the bad policy into which the Pope has been drawn. " llad Pope Pius.lX. been left to himself; he would never have left Rome. Had he done so, he would not at any rate have left the Roman states. but would have gone to Bologna, Ancona, or Civita Vecchia, where he would have been received as from heaven. Ile would not have gone to Gaeta and refused to see the Roman deputations, and he would have:said :—‘,Let me stay in exile rather tha❑ appeal to arms which would perhaps subdue, but would cause the loss of the hearts of my people." Rome will probably fall, and the Pope may again enter the Eternal City, but he will never reign over the hearts of the Romans." APPLICATION OF GUN-COTTON TO THE SILVERING OF LOOKING-GLASSES. M. H. Vohl has recently discovered that a solution of gun cotton in a caustic alkaline ley, possesses in a high degree the property of precipitating silver from its solutions in the metallic form. If gun-cotton be placed in contact with a caustic alkaline ley of suffi cient strength, the cotton dissolves in the ley, with the disengagement of considerable heat, and of ammonia, and furnishes a deep brown liquor,. sometimes rather thick ; which, on the addition of an acid, gives rise t o a b r i s k e ff ervescence , with disengagement of carbonic acid, and nitrous acid. The manner in which the gun cotton comforts itself in this case shows that this substance is not dissolved as such, but undergoes a decomposition, in which the atoms of the oxygen of the nitric acid com bine with an atom of the carbon of the cotton, and give rise to the carbonic acid ; which, as well as the nitrous acid, combines with a portion of the potash. A new decomposition of the nitrous salt by the potash, in presence of substances containing hydrogen, fur nishes the ammonia. The most remarkable property of this alkaline solution, is the following :—lf a few drops of nitrate of silver be added to the solution, and enough ammonia added, so that the oxyde of silver which is formed, becomes redissolved, and heat gently applied by means of a water bath, a moment arrives when the liquid assumes a dark brown colour, show ing an effervescence, and all the silver is precipitated on the sides of the wood containing the solution, as a polished mirror. The mirror thus obtained sur passes considerably in brilliancy that which is pro duced by etherial oils, or ammoniacal aldehyde; and its ready production must give it an important place in many useful practical applications. It is not only the gun cotton which possesses this property; it is found that cane sugar, milk sugar, mannite, gums, and other substances, which become explosive when treated with nitric acid, &c., the same. The picroazotic acid itself produces, under the same circumstances, a bright metallic surface; and it would appear that this reaction takes with all those bodies, which, treated with nitric acid, do not furnish the products of oxydation ; but another series of bodies which admit nitric acid as such into their constitu tion, and at the same time abandon an equivalent of water.—Patent Journal. MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT ON THE RIVER.—An accident, by which five persons nearly lost their lives, and ono life was lost, occurred upon the river on Satur day afternoon last off the Archbishop of Canterbury's palace. It appears that five persons, named William Fields, Edward Groves, Samuel Miller, Thomas Barnes, and William Biggins, all in the employment of Messrs. Price, the patent cocoa rut mind!. manufacturers, at Vauxhall, had been to witness a cricket match played by some of their fellow-workmen at Battersea, and, in order to return home, they hired a four-oared boat, into which they all got, and had rowed down the river on the Middlesex side as far as the Horseferry-stairs, w hen they turned the head of the vessel in the direction of Lambeth, and were crossing the water, when the surf caused by a passing steamer ,struck the midships of th e boat and tu rne d i t over, precipitating the five persons into the river. The numerous persons passing along the Bishop's-walk who witnessed the accident and saw the young men plunging about in the water raised an alarm, when several watermen put off in their boats and suc ceeded, after some time, in getting the four firstnamed out of the water, but Higgins was unfor unately drowned. The deceased was a son of police-constable Higgins, No. 99 L division, residing at No. 4, Catharine street, Vauxhall. The four persons taken out of the water were immediately conveyed to the White Lion Tavern, where Mr. Jeffrey, surgeon, quickly attended, and by unremitting attention the poor fellows were, although at one time thought to be dead, perfectly re stored by five o'clock, and were enabled to be removed to their own residences. The body of Higgins had not been found at six o'clock last evening. TRADE OF NOTTINGHAM.--The turn-out of the wrought cotton hose hands is by no means ended; with a few exceptions, the adverse parties seem more deter mined than ever, whilst in Derbyshire it assumes a serious aspect; several shops of frames have been broken to deter persons from going to work. The stcekingers are decidedly of opinion that the houses must eventually give way, for want of goods, but the latter are equally confident as to the result. The drawer, pantaloon, and shirt branch (notwithstanding its extension in the villages) is in a tuir condition, the demand for these articles being very extensive throughout the western world, and even in Asia, though previous to the invention of fleecy hosiery, about 1720, they were not known. Their elasticity as well as strength makes them superior to any other article used as underwear. The cotton glove trade continues in a good condition, but as might be expected at this season, there is a falling off in silk gloves, especially in Derbyshire; the hosiers give out material with a sparing hand to independent frames, not being their own property. The silk knotted branch is in a tolerably fair state, the frames being pretty well employed. The plain silk hose branch if in a most de.. pressed condition. Politeness is the shadow of civilization. Christianity [s the substance,—Eliza Cook's Journal, NORTHERN UNION orl, ITERARY AND MECHANICS' INSTITUTIONS. (Abridged from the Carlisle Journal.) The second annual meeting of the delegates from Literary and Mechanics' Institutions of Northumber land, Durham, and Cumberland was held on Monday last; at the Athenmam in this city. The Union was established on the 15th of June, last year, at a meeting held at Hexham. The principal objects embraced by the Union are—lst, The interchange. of opinion and advice on the local management of literary institutions, and the consequent diffusion of improved methods-2d, Procur ing first rate lecturers on literary, scientific, and general subjects of interest, at a much lee er pecuniary cost than can be done by isolated engagements-3d, Supplying with manuscript lectures the smaller societies who. e funds will not admit of the engagement of professional lecturers-4th, Association with a central committee ever ready to advise from practical experience, to ex amine rules, and to secure the greatest benefits by com-• bined action and watchfulness-sth, Annual meetings, itinerating and assisting each institution in due course —6th, The gratuitous admission to the reading rooms and lectures of the members of the associated institutes, in visiting another town, by the production of their cards of membership. By the second rule, all institutions including amonge• their objects the intellectual advancement of the middle and operative classes are admissible to the Union. Its affairs are entrusted to a Central Committee, consisting of a president, treasurer, honorary secretary, and ten members selected from the institutions within an avail able distance from Newcastle, where the ordinary meetings are held. The expenses of advertising and printing are defrayed by subscriptions from each institution —those having less than 200 members contributing lOs ; those having 200, 205.; and upwards, 30s. per annum. At twelve o'clock on Tuesday the delegates met in the library of the Mechanics' Institution; George Craw shay, Esq., of Newcastle, President of the Uniou, pre sided. The ;following is a list of the delegates and the institutions they represented:— Newcastle, J. L. Thoreton ; Ilexham, W. Robb ; Winlaton, Geo. Walker and Jos, ph Cowan; Carlisle, A. Davidson and Dr. Lonsdale; Wigton, John Rooke; Workington, H. Gladders and J. Mordy; Sunderland, Booth and Clensr• ' Alston, Holme; Corbridge, Eth er by, Morpeth, Kendal, Shotley Bridge, Crook, lilvtb, and Howd o n, did not send d e l egates . Mr. L. T HORNTON , the secretary, read the report, which was unanimously adopted. At three o'clock the delegates and several members of the Carlisle Mechanics' Institution dined together at the Royal Hotel. Robert Feeguson, Esq , was called to the chair. The usual loyal toasts having been drank, The CHAIRMAN said the next toast was " The Northern Union of Mechanics' Institutes." In Carlisle they , had an institution of their own which was flourishing in a high degree, and similar societies in different parts of the county were conducted with great spirit; and as they were conducted on the best principles, were likely to be attended with success. It was for the purpose of forming a union between them, and adopting whatever might be mutually discovered to be beneficial, that they were met, and he trusted that the union might prove_of great ad-• vantage to all. He haetarset rieeenre - in proposing the health of Mr.--Cesswshavv, the President of the Union, who had been kind enough to come from Newcastle to give his assistance to the meeting.—(Cheers.) Mr. CRAWSHAY, in returning thanks, observed that he had a lively sense of responsibility in assuming the office of Chairman of the Northern Union of Me chanics' Institutions. He could not but regard the step which had led to that union as one of great im portance. It was not the first union of the kind that been formed. One had been formed in York shire, and one in Scotland, and it was per fectly evident that other institutes would be formed into unions, so that we might hope, in course of time, to see a universal union, and the officers and mem bers of all holding correspondence with each other.— (Hear.) Accepting the office of chairman of the union of the tour counties was equivalent to saying at once that he did value learning, science, and the improvement of man; but he should not expatiate on the value of learn ing, or favour the company with any he might have him self. He was not so sanguine as to imagine that by forming societies of any description whatever the cruse of science and learning was greatly to be advanced di rectly. That could only proceed from individual and hard labour. Each of us had a duty of a double nature to discharge —to instruct ourselves, which duty he dis charged as well as he could—for he was brought up amid literary pursuits, and continued them in business, and should do so to the end of his life —and to give others the means of instruction. —(Hear, hear.) He thought their purpose on occasions of this kind was to endeavour to contrive means by which opportunities might be given to others for acquiring knowledge. He hoped they would succeed in that object. This union was formed at Hexharn last year. His first hearing of it was that he was appointed president, and a single observation would show the advantages of the union. Any member of one of the 19 institutions it embraced had a free pass, on showing his ticket, to the advantages of all the others. If he came from Newcastle to Carlisle, Ilexham, or Workington, and produced his card of membership, he was entitled to enjoy the use of the libraries and the pleasure of the society of the members of institutions in those places. In Workington, espe cially, he fancied that pleasure must be very great, for 20 per cent, of the members, he understood, were ladies. —(Laughter.) Thus, pleasure as well as profit might be derived from the union. The duty of the Delegates that day had been the examination of Mr. Thornten's elaborate and elever report, giving an account of every society in the union. They had examined it, and cross-questioned Mr. Thornton upon it, very carefully, and had been enabled to form just ideas of the ma nagement of the various institutions. They had also arranged that next year a tabulated statement should be produced, showing whether the, institutions were in debt or whether they had saved money. Something had al ready been done that day ; next year they hoped to make progress, and he rniglat state that the committee were , fully satisfied that, with industry and care, great benefits would result to the _union from these meetings of dele gates. But whilst looking forward to the future, it was only fit that they should taste the enjoyment of the present, and a more auspicious commencement than that of to-e!ay he thought it would Le almost impossible to have. By such meetings a degree of intercourse was promoted which was highly desirable. For himself, he had met with several whom he had never met with before, and he felt himself to be advanced in knowledge, in common with his fellow-delegates who had done them selves the honour of attending on the present occa sion. The members of the associated institutions ought to cultivate harmonious feelings, and no one cou ld say that .the journey he undertook in order to promote them was not worth the small expense and trouble which it involved. In conclusion, he would be' to propose the health of Mr. Ferguson, the President of the Carlisle Mechanics' Institution—A gentle man who, he knew, had been most activo and benevolent in promoting its interests.—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN returned thanks for the honour done to his father, whose absence he regretted. The VICE-CHAIRMAN proposed the health of the de legates. Mr. Roessez returned thanks. Mr. G. GRAHAM, in a complimentary speech, proposed The Press of Carlisle," to which, he thought, Mecha nics' Institutions were greatly indebted for their success; and he coupled with the toast the healths of Mr. Steel and Mr. Perring, Mr. PERRING returned thanks, and took occasion to express his extreme regret at the absence of Mr. Steel from the meeting, on account of illness. He trusted that Mr. Steel, renovated iu health, would be able to attend the next anniversary of the union. Mr. Perring con cluded by expressing his approbation of the object of the meeting. Mr. JOIIN STEEL also briefly re turned thanks. • Mr. DAVIDSON proposed the health of " the Office bearers of the Northern Union," coupled with the health of Mr. Thornton, the secretary.—• (Cheers.) Mr. THORNTON returned thanks. Several others toasts were drank before the meeting broke up. The next meeting of the Union will be held in Sun derlani4. We understand that at the conclusion of the dinner Mr. P. H. Howard intimated to the Secretary his willing ness at any time to throw open his beautiful grounds and gardens at Corby to the members of any of the institutions in the union who might express a desire for a picnic party. SUDDEN DEATH OF MAJOR CAMPBELL.—We re gret to state that Major Charles Campbell, au old Penin sular officer, died suddenly on Saturday afternoon, while walking in Pall-mall. The deceased gentleman had for a considerable period of time resided at the house of Mr. Leggett, No. 46, Duke-street, St. James's, and about four o'clock lett his apartments iu apparent health to proceed to the Army and Navy Club (of which he was a member). He reached the club in safety, and after a short stay there, he left with the view of taking his usual promenade. While passing the residence of Mr. French, in Pall-mall, the unfortunate gentleman was obsreved to stagger, when a gentleman passing by rushed forward to his assistance, but the Major fell, and after a short struggle he ceased to exist. Almost at the moment two members of the club came up and recognised their now deceased friend. Surgical aid was immediately pro cured, but all efforts at reanimation proved unavailing, and Major Campbell was conveyed, a lifeless corpse, to the apartments he had left a short time before. On going out he complained of being very cold, but his general appearance did not denote the existence of any disorder. The deceased, who retired from the army in 1841 with full pay and the rank of Major, was about 68 years of age, and had spent fifty years in connexion with the military service. For many years Ire held his com mission in the 61st (Gloucestershire) regiment of Foot, and was with that regiment in Egypt and the Peninsula. He was also present at the battles of Talavera, Sala manca, the Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, and Toulouse. APOTHECARIES' HALL.—Names of gentlemen who passed their examination in the science and practice of medicine, and received certificates to practise on Thurs day, June 28th:—George Gordon Lawrence Williams, Llandovery; Robert Tassel], Wye, near Ashford Kent; Peter Allen, Smarden, near Cranbrook ; William Jevnes, St. John's, Newfoundland; Luke Limner, South Shields. EXTENSIVE FORGERY ON THE BANK OF ENGLAND. —lnformation has - been received by the metropolitan police that henry Brougilam Dawson, clerk to Messrs. Henry, manufacturers, of Bradford, had obtained 950/ by a forgery on the Branch Bank of England at Leeds, with which he had gone off. 1001. is offered for his ap prehension. PORTLAND.—Works of considerable magnitude are now cn the eve of commencement at the Grove Works, Portland. Mcssrs. J. and C. Rigby's contract for the construction of barracks, an infirmary, a convict chapel, and prison accommodation for 500 additional convicts, has been accepted, and these large undertakings are to be rapidly proceeded with.—Pcole Herald. THE COUNTRY MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, JUNE 30.—There have been good arrivals 0 foreign wheat, flour, Indian born, and beans, the last few days but the supplies derived coastwise and from Ireland are still small. At our Corn Exchange yesterday there was a fair de mand for wheat anb flour, at the full prices of la.t Tuesday. Oats and oatmeal met a moderate sale, and both were quite as dear. Barley, beans, and peas were without change. At a reduction of 6d to 9d per quarter a fair quality of yellow Indian corn found buyers for Ireland, but white, being still scarce, fully sustained late rates: top paices of yellow Indian corn 355, and white 355 per 4 8"lb. To-clay Indian corn is in demand at yestero!ay's prices. No charge in the value of other articles of the trade. ,or s. d. s. d s. d. Wheat, per 701 b Barley, Feeding.. 3 8 to 4 0 English, white .• 7 3to 7 C Rye, per 001 b 28 0— 30 0 Do. rid.. .. 7 0— 7 3; Beans, Engl,sh,pr Irish, new .. •• 6 3-- 6 71 imperial quartr 34 0— 36 0 Do., old .. • • 6 7 9 Irish and Scoteh, Dantsic.. .. • • 7 6 - 7 8 per 4801 b.. • • 30 0— 31 0 Do., good mixed 7 6 8 0 Foreign, duty pd. 21 0 24 Lowerßaitic,witit3 6 11 7 I , European, per im- Do. red,. 69 6 11 perial quarter.. 32 0—33 0 American . • • 7 0— 7 4 Peas, English,per Canadian •• 610— 7 2 hnperial quartr 32 0—33 0 Spanish, red and Foreign . 29 o—3l 0 white.. .. • • 7 0— 7 4 Malt, English, per Tuscan and Bar- Imperial quartr letta, red .. •• 6 7 —.6 10 D o ., Irish .. 5 55 0— 61 0 56 0 Marianopoli •• 510— 6 0 Do., brown 54 0—57 0 Odessa, Polish .. 5 10 -- 6 1 Flour, English, pr Do., hard.. ••52 5 6 2801 b •. :15 Egyptian ••43 5 0 Irish, extra fine.. 36 0--37 0 Oats, per 451 b United States, per English and Scotch 211— 3 1 barrel .. 24 0—26 0 2 7 2 9 Canadian .. .. 24 6 25 6 Irish, 2 8 2 9 Oatm ea l , E nglish, W D elh ., n o e l v d . 7. 7. 2 9 2 10 & Scotch,pr24olb 95 6 —26 0 Barley, Engli sh, pr Irish, new •. •• 24 tl —25 0 imperial quarter 30 0 —32 0 Do., old .236 24 0 Irish, Scotch, and Indian corn, per aianx,per6olb.. 3 8 3:10 4801 b .. •• 34 p— 36 0 MANCHESTER, JUNE 30.—1 n the early part of the week the flour trade was further stimulated by the accounts from Lon don, Liverpool, and other leading markets, and rather higher rates were demanded for choice marks of fresh -made English' Subsequently, however, an inactive feeling prevailed ; butfac• tors, influenced by the reduced nature of the stocks in first hands and the limited supplies now coming forward, continued to require fully previous rates, Oatmeal has been in limited request throughout the week, without material change its value. The imports of foreign wheat, beans, Indian corn, and barrel flour at Liverpool are to a liberal extent ; but of English or It ish produce the at rival: are so light as to be unworthy of notice. Our market this morning was of a languid character, the business passing in any article being altogether confined to the purchases made by necessitous buyers; and whilst holders were firm in demanding fully the currency of this day se'nnight for the best description of wheat and flour, oats and oatmeal must be noted the turn cheaper. READING, JUNE 30.—Wheat, per quarter, 34s to 625; bar ley, 25s to 355; oats, les to 23s ; beans, 30s to 40s; peas. 30s to 38s. Fat hogs, 03 Od to Os Od ; porkers, Os to Os per score. Poultry—Fowls, per couple, 3s Od to 4s Od ; ducks, per couple, 3s Od to 3s 6d; geese, each, Os Od to Os Od; butter, per lb, 10d to 12d ; eggs, 18 to 20 for Is. ABERDEEN, JusE29.—Grain—Oats 15s 94 to 16s 6d, 401 b per bushel arle, 23s to 245, to 52 521bs per busel; bear, 23s to 24sr 52 lbs per b bush y el ; wheat. 46s s ; oathmeal, 13s 6d to 14s 2d per boll ; flour, 37s to 45s per sack. Provisions—Beeft bd to 7d per lb ; mutton, ditto, 5d to 7d ; veal, ditto, 511 to 6d ; pork, per stone, 4 s 6d t o s s; l amb, per lb, Ed to 70 tallow, per stone, 4s to 4s ; potatoes, per peck, Is to is 2d bay, per cwt, Os to 0s ; rabbits, each Od to Os ; hares, each, Of to Os ; grouse, per brace, ,Os to Os ; butter, per lb, 7d to 8d; eggs, per doz, 8d to 9d ; cheese, per stone, Os to Os • hens, per pair, Is 8d to 2s Od ; c hi c k ens, di tto, Is 4d to Is 6d ; ' ducks, dittos Is Od to is 4d ; ducklings, ditto, Is 8d to 2s 2d; turkeys, each, 3 0 6d to 4s 2d; geese, ditto, Os to Os; butter fur exportation (prese nt i nl cure), per cat, 65s t o CO s ; eggs , wholesale price,per dozen, 514 to Od ; 4b loaf, 6d ; 21b loaf, 3d ; pork, per stone of 141b*, 3s 6d to Os Od; pork fine, small, 5s 6d to Os Od ; pork largos 3s 6d to 4s 3d; ship pork per barrel of 204 lbs Os to Os. Meal—Oatmeal, Is 3d t o i s 4 d ; b earmeal, is 3d , to is 4d peasemeal, Is 10d to 2s; cids, 7d to Od • barley flour,s 4d to ls sd; barley du s t, 7d to 8d ; flour, ls 10d to 2s; barley, per lb, ld to lid. DAL - KEITH, JUNE 2 1 .--The relative Weight per four bushels of the three prices of wheat were 18st 121 b, 18st 61b, and 17st 2ib. Oats, 13st 11b, 12st 61b, and list 41b. Barley, 16 s t 3114 Itist lib, and 15st 711 a. Peas and beans, 19st 31b, 18st 611 1 / 2 and 18st 21bs. Qrs. Best. Current. Inferior. 273 Wheat ... ...... £213 6 X 2 9 0 Li 17 0 727 Oats 118 Barley l9 3 17 0 14 0 30 Peas and Beans 113 0 111 0 110 0 Aver age of wheat....,,,,, 48s 51(1. GLASGOW CATTLE MARKET, JUNE 28. —A t our m ar ket to-day the numbers were —oxen, 621 ; sheep, 1,0, 2; lambs, 2,005. The number of cattle being large caused a dull sale, with prices in favour of the buyer. Best ox beef sold at 50S per cwt, inferior bullocks and cows, 40s to 45s per ditto; sheep, best aged wethers, brought per lb, inferior 4d to 5d per ditto; lambs dull sale, and prices varied from 4s to 14s. At the close of the market a great number of cattle, sheep, and lambs turned out un'old. BELFAST, JUNE 28.—Wheat from the country is taken la as it appears at former rates. Parcels, ex store or ship, have been sold at an advance of rss per ton for fine qualities, whilst inferior are not readily sold at former prices. Holders of to" reign look for an advance of 5s to lOs per ton, which checks the demand. Irish lots, 9/ 153 to 10/ los ; Petersbur gh 8/ 151 to 9: ss; Odessa, 9/ bs to 101; B a lti c and American, IV/ , 5s to 11l lOs per ton. Flour is in rather better demand at former prices. American held for 24s 9d to 265, being an advance of 9d to le per barrel, which checks the demand. Barley—Both supply and price is nominal. Oats are in fair demand at former price/. Parcels, ex ship, sell at 71 per ton for feeding. Oatmeal con• tinues in fair demand at former rates. Indian corn is a free sale at former rates, say 8/ 10s per ton for yellow, and 81 159 to 9/ for white. CORK, JUNE 27.—The supply of that of home growth is net worth noticing. In wheat, whether Irish or foreign, we have, not had much busi ness d o i ng . H o ld ers demand an advance of 6d to is per barrel, and this has checked business. We have no free-on-board sales in oats to report, any business passing being confined to the merest retail purchases for feeding pur" poses. We have a better demand for. and an improved feeling in flour, which has gone oirmore freely this week. Prices tend upwards, but as yet we cannot quote any actual advance. We have had a moderate business passing in Indian corn, in which holders endeavoured, but unsuccessfully, to establish an advance. We therefore quote prices unchanged from la st week, the cu rren t rates b e i ng 8/ 2s 6d to 8/ 71 00 per ton. Indian meal also remains without alteration. Flour—Firsts 14s Od to 14s 6d ; extra 15s Od seconds, 12s 6d to 13s 6d; households lOs to 12s; thirds, 8s to 10e per cwt. Oatmeal 13s Od to Os; Indian meal 8s 3d to 8s 6d; w heat meal, lOs 6d to 1 Isper cwt. Indian corn 7 / 1 5s to 8/5s per ton. Bran 4/ Os to 4/5s per ton. Hay—Farmers 40s Od to 425; average 30s; dealers 44s to 465; average 44s Od per ton. Straw—Farmers 26s Od to 33s Od ; average 30s ; dealers 40s Od to 44s Od; average 001 Od per ton. Bread—Wheaten loaf 6d to 6idi household loaf 5d to sid per 41b. Fresh butter, 8d to 9J per lb. Eggs-4s 8d to 4s 10d per hundred. Coals---' Newport Iss; Lydney 163; Landore 15s; Best Neath Culm 145 per ton. Tallow 40s Od to 00s per ewt. Whisky, 25 o. p., 6s Od per imperial gallon. Meat —Beef 4d to 7d; mutton 5d to bid; veal bid to 7d ; pork 4d to bid ; baton 7d to 8d ; sausages 6d per lb. Hops 6t 10s per cwt. Bangor slates 3/ 2s 6d to 3l 5s per ton. Bark—Barbary 8/ to Si 10s; Valonia 141 to 01; French 7 / 1 0s; English 0/ per ton. Fleece Wool 103 to 12s per stone , Hemp 34/ to 36/ per ton. Fish— Scotch herrings 17s to 18s • red ditto 26s to 28s p er barrel • Newfoundland 1 0 / 10s to 12/ pet ton. Timber—N ew Memel 4/ 108 ; old scarce ; red pine Os 15s ; yellow pine 3/ per ton ; deals , first quality, 20/ ; secon d quality, 17/ per 120. Hides—Market 103 to 14s; salted 11s to 148 per cwt ; calf skins lid to 2id ; market lid to 2d per lb,. Potatoes, white . l4d to 15d; Minions 19d to 20d; Guano—. Peruvian, 11/ to 1 1 / 1 0s; Ichaboe 9/ per ton ; Tar—Archangel, 193 per barrel. ' RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. to-days 3 %tir i r s r . s_ o Itto, i Nv i :ice, sas(Lf.oall,7l;f. LIVERPOOL, JUNE 30. 10 3 4 dis.—Lancaster and Preston, Three•quarter Shares, 12 p.-- Lancashire S r K E London and North-Western, New Quarters, 3% p.—Manchester, x , L i n AN , o Yorkshiren . Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, Eighths, 965. 3d.—Ditto, Preference, The fifths, t 1a n lli land, Halves, 12% a's.— North Staffort shire, 4% dis.—" ork, Newcastle, aad Ben% ick (G. N. E. Purchase). 6 per cent. till 1850, 3% dls.—North Union (A), 222% i;hrewsbury and Chester (N. W. M.), Preference, guaranteed 8 per cent., 15%—senth- Eastern and Dover (No. 4), 6 7 ,', —York and North Midland, 32- - Ditto, Preference (6 per cent. till 1850), 3% dis. BIRMINGHAM, JorcE 30. S - roes EXCHANGE.— The trans actions to-day were as follow:-- London and _Nor th-Wet tern, 132 —Midland, 6 per cent., 125—North Staffordshire, 44 dis.— Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A), 6 dis. YORK, JU NE 29 . STOCKEXCITANGE.—The transactions to-day have been as fol" low: Great Northern, Io%—North British, Thirds, 3% —Ea,tera Counties, B%—York, Newcastle, and Berwick (Newcastle Este' , sion), 14 %—Ditto (G. N. E. Purchase), 4% n. —York and North Midland, 33 1 4 . NEWCA STLE - LTPON-TYNE, JUNE 30. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business done in the Stock Excliangl to-day has been as follow : --Caledonian, 2G%—Hartlepool Dock and Railway, 134 %—Newcastle and Carlisle, 95—Ditto, Scrip, 9534- - 61Great Northern, Preference, 2 1- 16—North British, Preference, 2/. WS .a York, Newcastle, anti Berwick, 21—Ditt o (G . N. E. pur ), 4%. GLASCIOW, JUNE 29. SToca EXCHANGE —The transactions to-day were as follow:-- Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr, Halves (No. 1), 9 —Aberchen, Pre ference, 85 s.—Clydesiale Junction, 65—Edinburgh and Northern (Newport), 6 —Great Northern, Preference, 5 per cent. guaranteed, 595.-North Et it!sh, Preference, 21. lCs.—York, Newcastle, and Ber wick (G. N. E. Purchase, The Journal de Rouen states that the quantity of merchandise for exportation transported by the Havre Railway within the last few day s exceeds that of any former period. The warehouses at Llavre are, it states, literally crowded with packages, and all the vessels leaving for New York have full freights. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—TILE EARL OF ALDROROUGII AND HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.—An astoundin g cure by this miraculous medicine, alter every other means had failed. See extract fro m his Lordship's letter, dated " Vill a :Messina, Leghorn, Feb. 21, 1845, Professor Holloway—Sir :I beg to acquaint you that your pills hay: ef fected a cure of a disorder in my liver and stomach which all the most eminent of the faculty, at home and all over the contin en t, had not " been able to effect; nay, not ever the waters of Carlsbad or Ma rienbad. (Signed) ALbuolioron." T hese wonderful pills will cure disease of the liver or stomach. —Sold (also Holloway's OintinAut) at Professor Holloway's Est ablishment, '244, Strand, a ' by mealcine vethlory through ou t the civilised world. . . . any ----- BIRTHS. On the 26th ult., at Dunstable, Bedfordshire, the (wife o f John Pearse, Esq., of a son. wife o On the the 27 Rev ult , at n St.ah Arv ans - court, Mon mout h shire, the f . Joh Gram, On the 28th ult., at Portsmouth, scn the wife of the Rev. U. Vernon Housman, of a son. On the 28th ult„ at Great Tower-street, the wife of G. 3. Blake, Esq., of a daughter. On the 2nth ult., at Ho lington, Hants, the wife of the Rev. N. J. Ridley, of a son. On the 29th ult., at Harewood-square, the wife of W. G. Roope, Esq., of a son. On the 27th ult , et the Church of St. Michael, Stockwell, James Robert Christie, Esq., P.R.S., to Laura Mary, only surviving child of the late Thomas Evans, Esn. On the 27th u l t , Perks, the Rev. Arthur A. Cornish, youngest son of the late C. Cornish, Esq. of Gatcombe -house, li daughter of Johvon, to Marianne Elizabeth, eldest John: Fresinield, E,41• On the 29th ult. tonwill e , at 11, Upper South ampton -street, Pen , London, after a few hours illness, of cholera, Mr. John T. Ager, late of New York and I3oston, U.S., aged 50. Oa the 24th ult., at Calton, the Rev. Richard Ward, rector of Callon, and incumbent of Waterfall and Calton. Stafford-. shire. On the 27th nit., at Castle Malgrown, Pembrokeshire, Abel. Lewes Gower, Esq., aged 53. On the •zBth nit, at Claremont-place, Bentonville, Mrs. Burnell, relict of the late Mr. T. Burnell, of Bridgewateri, Somersetshire. On the 26th ult., at Bury St. Edmunds, R. C . Harvey,- son of J. Harvey, I::q., of Lavender-hill, Surrey, aged 38. London: Printed and Published by AdURDO YOUNG, of. Na. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Ftrand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in tho county et Bliddle4ex, Monday, July 2, 1849. .1