The Sun. — London, England, 1824-06-07 00:00:00

tf)dl I' ".~ ' ~i 7 1 d ca• risen/ I over n i g ht, die an eed, 3 e ant r- o**is, It, o . 11 M 4, 0 1 ztr f ~ ~~ )fficer 'e had l e he him ished, 3 — , - and NUMBER 9901. MONDAY, JUNE 7, 1824. PRICE SEVENPENCt. ,boat d rove astor, e ssel. COn .rked' , re at ern- sonlc op- ence e for dig- onsi. ould but arch, r it, ni a ns of , all 1 apA Ince, calm tlis. ijoy tone rove ill a ! sa• Aith, who a of rive lny trod OM' [her SGe tort tun tiro the 11 0" fe )re- be. uai ent tat TRINITY-HOUSE, LONDON, JUNE I, 1824. NOTICE is hereby given, That a BUOY striped Black and White from the Nozzle to the Head, a White Circle up4n the Head, and a Black Centre, w 4 h the words " KENTISH KNOCK" in White Letters l'Pon it, carrying a Beacon or Staff, on the top of which is k Globe quartered perpendicularly Black and White, has been placed on the EAST SIDE of the KENTISH KNOCK, four miles and three-quarters from the S.W. end, and two miles and one quarter from the N.E. end, in Five Fathoms at low water, Spring Tides, with the following Bearings by Compass, viz.:— The North Foreland Light, S.W. westerly IR miles. The Sunk Light, N. by W. The Galloper Light, East, northerly 11. By Command of the Corooraticn, J. HERBERT, Secretary. EAST' INDIA HOUSE, June 4, 1824. THE COURT of DIRECTORS of the UNITED COMPANY of MERCHANTS of ENG LAND TRADING to the EAST INDIES, do hereby give Notice, That a SPECIAL GENERAL COURT of the said Com- Paley will he held at their House in Leadenhall-street, on WEDNESDAY NEXT, the 9th Instant, at Eleven o'Clock in the Forenoon, for the purpose of laving before the Pro- Ptietors Draft of a Bill, now before 'Parliament, to autho rize the East-India Company to trade direct from China :to tie British Colonies and Plantations in America. JOSEPH DART, Secretary. WEST INDIA DOCK COMPANY. • liE COURT of DIRECTORS of the -a- WEST INDIA DOCK COMPANY do hereby g ive No 4"c'e That the TRANSFER BOOKS of the said Company Will be SHUT on Saturday, the 12th instant, and OPEN again on Saturday, the lUth July next. H. LONGLANDS, Sec. T e r eat India Dock House, June 4, 1324. DR. JAMES'S ANA LEPTIC PILLS, FOR COLDS, RIIEUAIATISINIS, SLIGHT FEVERS, and all those Disorders which arise frame obstructed perspiration, so common in a changeable v limate, have long established their superiority over every 'other medicine hitherto discovered. They are strongly re "%untended for Head-ache and Indigestion, Gouty, Bilious, "r other Complaints of the Stomach and Bowels, too often the consequence of Free Living. They are in general use as 4 Fa y Medicine, and prove highly beneficial to those who , r 4ye resided in hot climates ; and are particularly convenient " persons travelling, being mild in their operation, and llot requiring any confinement. ~ The Analeptic Pills continu e to be p re p ared b y Messrs. 1 4vwbery from the only Recipe existing under Dr..lames's Hand, and are sold by them at the Original Warehouse for t. James's Powder, No. 45, St. Paul's Church Yard; and by . appointment by Mr. Sanger, 159, Oxford-street, in Boxes at 4s. 6d., or Six in a large Box, 445. As Counterfeits are fre -ißliently offered for sale, Purchasers must observe, the Ge nuine have the name " F. Newhery" engraved in the Go 'yeroment Stamp. - - - — BORSE, DO(t, AND CATTLE NIEDICINES, Prepared by T. WATSON, ►)ruggist, Cambridge. THESE MEDICINES have been for many years in the highest repute, and are sanctioned by Issobt or Stir first Sporting Characters and Agriculturists in the Kingdom, who have. given the Proprietor their testimony writing;itt and to whom the most satisfactory reference can be given. Sold in Packets, as follows : s. d. Pntginq Balls (i doz.) 6 o 1 Mercurial Ball (each) 2 0 Cordial Balls (i doz.) 3 0 I BlisteringOintmecit(pot)3 0 Diuretic Balls (;L, doz.) 3 0 I Distemper Balls (box) I 6 Alterative do. (i doz.) 3 6 Mange Ointment (box) 1 6 THE LIQUID BLISTER. This is an admirable preparation ; it answers as a safe and Orectual Blister, at the same time it does not blemish or in igre the parts, nor will the Horse rub or bite where it may have been applied; it is likewise useful in Sprains, Spavins, Inflammation of the Throat, &c.—ln Bottles, at 21. 6c1.- 44 •6 , 1., and Ss. THE CAMBRIDGESHIRE CORDIAL, 4 4 excellent Medicine for the Staggers, Gripes, Scouring, &c. of Horses, Cows, Oxen, Calves, Sheep. &c., and is likewise a Restorative Cordial for Horses after Racing , H u n tin g , &c.— In t bottles, at Ss. and 16s. the large containing six of the sold by Messrs. Butlers, Chemists, No. 4, Cheapside, and " 0 . Regent-street, London ; Waterloo-place, Edinburgh ; and Sackville-street, Dublin ; and by the Principal Medicine : Vilnders in the United Kingdom. Purchasers are, requested to ask for " Watson's Horse, Dog, and Cattle Medicines," and to observe his name and ad dress on the directions and labels, to prevent impositions. a. d. To T. TAILOR, Esq. No. 9, New Bridge-street, London. HOWOUREL Slit, BEG leave to inform you, that ever since the year 1790, I had been afflicted with the Lues Venereal, which, from its obstinately resisting every course of medicine Prescribed by the most eminent of the faculty here, and un dergoing severalsevere courses of salivation , and twice die ?barged from the Hospital with little relief, would appear to ne of the most inveterate nature. In tLe spring of last year mY disorder had got to such a head, as nearly to put a period t '°- my existence—l had a large ulcer un the crown of my head, e en each arm, and my legs were broke out in a frightful manner ; my right was dreadfully painful, and had been in a state of ulceration for the last seven years; my left had also two large nodes on it, was very much discoloured, and gave Wt such excruciating pain, particularly when warm in bed, n early to deprive me of rest ; its this lamentable state, I Wes recommended by Mr. J. Thompson, (who receiv ed so treat a cure by them here), to take your Leake's Patent Pills, Which I began to do on the 46th o. May ; in the course of a fortnight I began to receive benefit—in little more than a ' , loath the ulcers on my head and arms were soundly heal,!d— soon after, the sores on my legs healed also ; leaving, how ever, considerable discolouration in the skin, and pain in the ?one of the left, which, by the blessing of God, an4l a little longer perseverance in your invalua b le Medicine, subsided ; the nodes dispersing, the skin regainir4,, its natural hue, and The nocturnal pains gradually going off.—l thus became, by yu r liberal advice and medicine, perfectly free from all my 'wirier complaints—have recovered my former spirits a lid slrength, and am become jolly and fat, in which sta te haviu g continued many months, to the astonishment of all who knew L l e. I am at a loss in what terms to express my gratitude, but keg you, for the good of other suffering mortals, to make thismy case as public as possible, as I shall ou every (ice& uon ; in so doing you will greatly oblige, Sir, your grateful, obedient, very 1) nimble servan t. ALEX. MURKER /Swan's Close, High-street, Edinburgh. Witnesses to the above Cure:— 40 641 Th•ntepson, No. 3, New Poultry Market, Edinburgh, -• • - _ . . - John M.Ditosli, Old Assembly Close, Edinburgh. Pvel.ared and sold by the sole Proprietor, THOMAS 'TAY LOR, Member of the Royal Collev,e of Surgeons, at Isis house, No. 9, New Bridge-street, London; where, after a enastant residence of more than 40 years, in a practice parti cularly directed to the cure of Venereal Complaints and those incidental to the Parts of Generation, with that inviolable *&'crecy which men of kis profession should always observe in Cncii cases, be flatters himself the advice and assistance he R tatuitotisly administers to persons taking this Medicine, will bnistectued, by a discerning Public, as an adyar tage seldom airsa.b./ . .e, and void of all ambiguity. Also sold, by his appointment,tor the con venience of t hose 'lying at a distance, at the Tovsbop, No. 103. Oxford-street; Disborough's, No. 7, Fish-street-hill; Mr. Baxter, 'oath-bridge, Edinburgh ; Mt. Callwel.'s, Dublin ; and of Pie person in every considerable town in Great Britain arid 'inland, in boxes r• fonly 2s. 9d. each, stamped, and sealed up "nil full and plain directions, Therebv persons, of either !lest may cut e themselves with ease, speed, secrecy, and safety. PROPOSED SHIP CANAL FROM ITIE ENGLISH TO THli BRISTOL CHANNEL. NOTICE is hereby given, that a GENERAL MEETING of LANDOWNERS, MERCHANTS, BANKERS, and others, interested in this important Under. taking will be held at the LONDON TAVERN, in Bishops gate-street, on WEDNESDAY, the 9th instant, at One o'Clock precisely, when Books will he opened-to receive Sub scriptions.—Sir THOS. LETHBRIGE, Bart. M.P. will take the Chair. SUBSCRIPTION for RAISING a FUND for Transmitting to Posterity a Permanent Record of the Respect felt for the Great and Distinguished Professional Talents, as well as for the Private Virtues, of the late General, the EARL. of HOPETOUN. AT a MEETING of the LONDON COM MITTEE of the Noblemen and Gentlemen appointed to carry into effect the Resolutions entered into at Edinburgh for the above purpose. held at the Thatched House Tavern, St. James's-street, on Tuesday, the 18th May, 1824, PRESENT Field-Marshal his Grace the Duke of Wellington, K.G. General the Earl of Rosslyn, G.C.B. The Earl of Lauderdale, K.T. General the Right Hon. Lord Lynedock, G.C.B. &c. &c. &c. It was Resolved, That Subscriptions for the above purpose should be forthwith opened at the principal Houses of Army Agency, as well as at the following Banking Houses in Lon don, viz. : Messrs. Drummonds, Charing Cross. Messrs. Coutts and Co., 59, Strand. Messrs. Herries, Farquhar, and Co., 16, St. James's-street. Messrs. Hammersley's and Co., 69, Pall Mall. Messrs. Curtis, Robarts, and Co., 15, Lombard-street. Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Co., Mansion House-place. As also at the Bank of Scotland, in Edinburgh ; and at Messrs. Armit, Borough, and Co.'s, in Dublin. PORTECSI AN BIBLE SOCIETY. Patron—His Royal Highness the DUKE of SUSSEX. AT a GENERAL MEETING of this SO CIETY, held at the Freemasons' Tavern, May 25, 1814, it was Unanimously Resolved, " That, in addition to the primary object of circulating the authorised Version of the Bible, with the more instruc tive and devotional chapters distinguished for youthful and family reading, and with a General Index or Scripture Guide, a further object of this Society be, to mark the Bibles of other Societies or individuals, who may forwaid them fear that purpose." In compliance with the above Resolution, the Porteusian Bible may now be obtained at cost prices, at the Deposito ries, 4n, 1 0'6th-street, Soho-square, and 73, St. Paul's Church yard. Also, 'S oc i et i es , Schools,:or individuals, lot wardin4 their own Bibles, may have a table of reference inserted, and the Chapters marked upon the samo plan, at a small expellee. TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION, By Mr. SOTHEBY, at his House, WELLINGTON-STREET, WATERLOO BRIDGE, STRAND, on FRIDAY, June 1 I, and Three following Days (Sunday excepted), at Twelve o'Clock, THE LIBRARY of a CLERGYMAN, in. eluding Locke's Works, 4 vol. 4to; Lylie's Anatomic. of Wit, 2 vol. black letter; Schinidii Concord. 1617 ; Shakspeat e, I 732 ; Old Thrife, black letter; Wood's Buffoti, 20 vol.; Ander son's Poets, 14 vol. ; Wilson's Bible, $ ♦ol.; Clarke's Nel son, 2 vol. royal paper ; Shaw's Zoology, 42 vol.; Portfolio of l'ortraits ; Inchbald's Theatre, 35 vol.; Prayton's Poems, 1630 ; Sir It. Naunton's Frapnenta Regalia, with original Portrait ; Biblix Heb. Lensden, 1667: Musaruin Oxonien slum, 1654; Gwiline's Ner• Tray. 1608; Pope's Homer (Du Roveray's edition), large paper,. 12 vol.; Belluin Gramm. Trag.-Comcedia, 1635; and entertaining and curious Scrap Book, in fine order, 5 vol.; Collection of Old Statutes, 1603 ; Consturier's Nicliodenius his Gospel ; Lcunins's Secret Mi racles ; Wither's Brit. Rembrancer, 1624; Sir John Hay ward's Edward VI. and Elizabeth, with portraits, tine copy; Raphael's Gallery, by Chaperon, fine copy, 1649, &c. &c. &c. Also a Mahogany, and a Deal Book Case. To be viewed; and Catalogues (price Is.) had, at the pace of tiale. LITERARY NOTICE. The COLONIAL REGISTER and WEST INDIA JOURNAL. No. 1. As the importance of our Colonies is uni versally admitted, except by those who, to ac complish their speculative plans and visionary notions would hazard the loss of them, every thing which tends to the improvement and security of those Colonies must be interesting to the Pa rent State. We therefore notice with pleasure a Work that chiefly directs its attention to Colonial interests. The Preface to the Work before us is well written in point of style, and solid in point of knowledge. The Author takes a comprehen sive view of Colonial connexions in general, and particularly of those immediately related to Great Britain. It is evident that he has studied the subject in all its bearings. Though the mer cantile interests of Great Britain as a trading nation are of very high importance, yet in other respects their security is essential to our interest as one of the greatest Maritime Powers on earth. The Author justly observes, that " to every State some means of defence are nlecessary ; and to England, surrounded as she is by powerful and warlike neighbours, those means must be great and commanding. The West India Islands, by their trade, supply us with seamen, whereby our fleets are manned and our country defended."— This is, indeed, one of the chief advantages of our Colonial connexions, and therefore of essen tial consequence. He also further observes, in answer to those who contend that to preserve Great Britain a great sacrifice of men and money is requisite, that" the few thousand troops which are kept on foot in them ought to be considered as much employed in the defence of the Mother Country, as if marshalled on its shores, — not to mention, as before observed, that the number of seamen whose services these troops are the indirect means of securing to the State, prevents the necessity of having recourse to other and more expensive means of defence." We have principally directed our attention to the Preface, because it treats on important topics, and supports its reasoning by important facts; but the work may be considered as a valuable, com mercial, and political Miscellany. Copious Ex tracts from valuable works, State Papers of im portance, accounts of all the Colonies belonging to other countries, and matters of taste, poetry, &c. &c. render the work interesting to all classes who have had the advantage of education ; and as such, we venture to recommend it to the atten tion of the Public, presuming that the Conductor in his future numbers will fulfil the promise which the present so satisfactorily holds forth, IMPERIAL PAIRLIAMENT• HOUSE OF COMMONS, JUNE 6. The reports of the Transportation of Offenders Bill, New foundland Judicature Bill, and Fisheries Bill, were received, and the Bills ordered to be read a third time on Wednesday next. The East India Trade Bill was ordered to be read a third time on Wednesday next. The Public Credit (Ireland) Bill was ordered to be taken into further consideration on Wednesd a y next. The Exchequer Bills (Publi c W or k s ) Bill, and the New foundland Marriages Bill, were committed, and the reports or dered to be received on Wednesday next. The Combination Laws' Repeal Bill, and the Cocoa-nuts Bill, were severally read a third time, and passed. Mr. LUSHINGTON presented a petition from the Philoso phical and Historical Society of Canterbury, against Mr. Owen's plan. HUSH CORPORATION ACT. Mr. BROUGHAM, in pursuance of the notice he had given, moved for leave to bring in a Bill to Repeal the 21st of George 11., which related to Irish Corporations. He ex plained his object to be to ccrrect the evils which had arisen from the number of non-residents who claimed privileges in Irish Corporations. These non-residents had grown out of the old system of penal disqualifications, which rendered it necessary, during particular exclusions, to look for corporators out of the pale of the local inhabitants of the place; the conse quence was, that many had been admitted into Corporations who were not only authorized, but actually disqualified by the charters of the Corporations themselves. The object of his Bill was to remedy the evil. The Hon. and Learned Gentle men then obtained leave to bring in a Bill to repeal such parts of the Act " as opened Corporations to persons not otherwise qualified by charter." He immediately brought in the Bill, which was read a first time, and ordered to be read a second time on Wednesday next. CATHOLIC CLAIMS. Mr. C. IT. HUTCHINSON was anxious to state that he had received the Petition of the Catholics of the city and coun ty of Cork, praying for relief from the penal disabilities which they so unjustly endured, and would present it to the House on Wednesday next. VAGRANTS' BILL, Mr. ESTCOURT moved the Order of the Day for the third reading of the Vagrants' Bill. _ _ - - Mr. CARUS WILSON brought up a clause by way of rider, the purport of which ye could not hear. MSTUARTMr. STUA WORTLEY hoped that on a future occa sion some better means woild be devised for punishing those who harboured vagrants. Mr. Alderman WOOD :aid that frauds of every kind were practised, to the great exptnce of parishes, in the removal of vagrants. The pass-masters who were appointed to remove them, often returned with as many as they were paid to take out of the local precincts,—they actually re-conducted many of them in the same carts. Mr. ESTCOURT said that the County which he represented peculiarly suftered from sich frauds, and he hoped means would be taken to detect ald punish the delinquents. In the year 1822 the County of Wilts paid for removals upwards of 1,0001. for Irish paupers alone, and these people never went beyond Bristol, and returned again into the County. Sir J. NEWPORT complained of the whole process of the removal of these Irish paupers. Mr. DAWSON said, that he had seen many poor English women, who had married Irish labourers in this country, landed on the quay of Belfast to seek after their husbands, without knowing where to find them, or how to get a maintenance.-- The parishes should not throw off their poor in such a manner. After a few words from Mr. C. CALVERT, the Bill was read a third time, and passed. MAGISTRATES' INDEMNITY BILL. Mr. BERRIES moved the second reading of the Magis trates' Indemnity Bill. Mr. S. RICE understood that this bill was intended to legis late for a private case; he was therefore anxious to have the second reading postponed until Wednesday next. Mr. HENRIES had no objection to the postponement: he must, however, deny that the bill was for a private purpose; it went, on the contrary, to correct a general evil_ Sir J. NEWPORT understood that the bill went to prejudge a local action, in which the Lord Mayor of Dublin was con cerned, about a seizure of false weights. He disliked it on that ground, although he would have no objection to the introduc tion of a general measure t o correct false we i g h ts. Years ago such a one had been reco mmended, and ought to have been carried into effect. Mr. DOGHERTY defended the conduct of the Lord Mayor of Dublin, who had been met by an informality, and exposed to an action at law, false weights. inhis laudable efforts to detect Mr. D . :GILBERT was at a loss to know why the recom mendation of a commission given some years ago had not been w eights. a ttended to, on the subject o f a The second reading of the Bill was postponed unt il Wednes day next. proper and simple standard for Mr. R. MARTIN presented a Petition from some Borough (we could not hear the name) in favour of his Bill for preventing cruel sports. Mr. T. (JOURTENAY laid on the table Papers ordered by the House respecting the immolation of Hindoo Widows, and Infanticide.— Ordered to be printed. The House then adjourned until Wednesday next ROYAL SOCIETY OF MUSICIANS. The Anniversary Festival of this excellent In stitution took place on Saturday last, at the Argyll Rooms, which were filled with eminent professors, amateurs, and ad mirers of the fascinating science of music. The dinner, pro vided by WAUD, of Bond street, and the wines by Mr. KAY, of the Albion, were excellent, and consequently gave the greatest satisfaction, and rendered every body, in a well tuned state, to enjoy a mental treat.—lnstead of the usual grace, Mr. T. WELK' chanted what is called the Dublin grace, and the whole vocal corps responsively sung " Amen," in the richest harmony. " Non Nobis Domine ' was sung in a sublime manner, as were " God save the King," and " Rule Britan nia," accompanied on one of the most excellent band of wind instruments that was ever heard. Webbe's fine Madrigal, " TOLove I wake the silver string," followed, then the Duke of York's March, in which Mr. Har per displayed his great powers on the trumpet. Attwood's elegant glee, " In peace Love tunes," was beautifully execut ed. Mr. HORSLEY rose to propose the health of the Noble President, the Earl of .DARWLEY, of whom he spoke in the highest terms, as a most excellent friend to the Society. Mr. HORSLEY read a statement of the Society's accounts, by which it appeared that the sum of 2,4211. 16s. ld. had been ex pended last year, in alleviating the distresses of aged and in digent musicians, widows, and orphans.—(Loud cheering.)— Mr. Horsley spoke most feelingly in behalf of his unfortunate brethren, and concluded an eloquent address, by stating, that although he knew there were many eminent Leaders present, the first fiddle and ? m y honour of the Noble give p ye r t es o i t n dhee t n h tt a i. m t o e c f c a o r s n T h h e r e w e o t u i i l n d e b s e t g h r e t o e Lord DARNLEY returned thanks, and assured the company that it gave him the greatest satisfaction, whenever he had it in his p ower to ren d er a ny services to the Royal Society of 111 usicians. A manuscript glee by Horsley, called 44 The Crier," was exceedingly well sung ; the poetry, which is by Drayton, 1630, s very quaint, and the composer has done ample justice to it, nothing can be more effective than the concluding movement. Mr. HAWES proposed the health of the Honorary Vice-Pre sidents, and assured them, that the Members of the Royal So ciety of M us i c i ans, ac k n owledged, with gratitude, the very great support which they had always received from them. W. Knyvett's beautiful glee , " Where my gen tl e l ove strays," accompanied by Mr. C. Knyvett and himself on the piano-forte, was g i ven in t he most chast e manner,,and honour ed with the hi g h est mar k s o f a pprobati on . After " S uccess to t h e Royal Soci e ty o f Musicians " was given by Dr. C. Sum' of Richmond, acknowledged the honour, on behalf of the Members, with his usual good humour, ob serving, that he was certain the company would rather hear the " yoice of harmony" than a long speech from him. Mr. Harley sung G. Colman's comic ditty, called " The Great Mogul and the Blue Bottls," accompanied by Mr. 'l'. Cooke, who was prevented by a professional engagement from remaining, to give one of his mock bravuras. Hawes's cheerful and spirited glee, " Bring me Flowers,' was sung and highly applauded. Mr. Puzsi p er f orme d on t h e hqrn with his usual powers; and Nicholson on the flute tably. They were exceedingly well accompanied by Mr. Lord, jun. on the pianoforte. Master Liszt (a youth from Hungary) performed on a Grand Pianoforte with ax improved action, invented by Sebastian Erard, the celebrated harp-maker, of very great power and brilliancy of tone. To doastice to the performance of Master Liszt is totally out of our power ; his execution, taste, expression, genius, and wonderful extemporary playing, defy any written description. He must be heard to be duly appreciated. Bishop's celebrated Glee, " Foresters sound the cheerful horn," was capitally sung, and accompanied exquisitely on the French horns by the Petrides, whose echo was beautifully ma naged. The glee was loudly encored. M. Labarre, from Paris, performed Mad am P asta ' s cele brated son, " Ombra Adorata ' with variations, on the harp, in the most masterly manner. The. tone which he produces is rich beyond measure; his execution, taste, and science, are very great, and his performance altogether is of the first order. He was honoured with the loudest plaudits. A new glee by T. WeM, " The Merry Gipsies," wa s ex- . ceedingly well sung by Mr. and Master Smith and the Com poser. who enriched it with a most finished accompaniment on the piano -forte, which rendered it so effective that an univer sal encore was the result, although it came so late in the even ing. Mr. Collyer sung " The Maid I love so well." The glees were performed by C. and W. Knyvett, Goulden, Hawes, Sale, Leete, Vaughan, Welsh, Nield, Parry, Smith, Black burn, Elliot, Masters Smith, Wesley, Farndell, &c. &c. ac companied alternately on an excellent BroadwoOd grand Piano, by Messrs. Horsley, Greatorex, Knyvett, Attood, Welsh, &c. The Boxes were filled by Ladies, (many of the first rank), whho were delighted with the matchless musical treat which was given; and the company sat, as if at a Concert, until the programme (which was printed) was completed, and the " turret clock had struck eleven." The Noble Pressident read a long list of honorary subscri bers, and the meeting terminated to the utmost satisfaction of all present, who testified their approbation in the most unequi vocal manner, declaring that, independently of the good things of this life, of which they partook most abundantly, the musical treat surpassed any thing of the kind they had ever witnessed. " When the light of my song is o'er, Then take my harp to your ancient ball; Hang it up at that friendly door Where weary travellers love to call : Then if some Bard, who roams forsaken, Revive its soft note in passing along, Oh ! let one thought of its master waken Your warmest smile for the child of song." PRISONS IN FRANCE. EXTRACTS from the Marquess de BARBE-MARBOIS' OFFICIAL REPORT on the PRESENT STATE of PRISONS in the FRENCH DEPARTMENTS of CAL VADOS, EURE, LA MANCHE, and the LOWER SEINE ; and on the HOUSE of CORRECTION at GAlLLON—Addressed to His Royal Highness the Duke of ANGOULEME, October 1323. On the Interior Discipline of the House of Correction et Gaillon.—(Pages 15, 21.) It happens almost every year that the pri soners at Gaillon plot a revolt with a view to escape. As they necessarily must confide their intention to a great number of prisoners, their bad designs have always been discovered in time to prevent their execution. Such a revolt would be attended with fatal consequences, and, under such and similar circumstances, it requires a very accurate discrimination to award exactly to each offender the punishment which he deserves. Justice, however, demands that an exact proportion between the punishment inflicted and the crime, even against discipline, be scrupulously observed ; but, in spite of the utmost attention, it is difficult to observe it in all cases. Most of the prisoners told me that personally they had no complains to make in this re spect, and that those who behave well never experience any bad treatment. The same individuals added that they had seen other rebellious prisoners treated with more severity than their offence demanded. Two prisoners, who are not badly spoken of, assured me that one of the keepers sometimes gets intoxi cated, and that in that state he is not master of himself. The children confined at Gaillon appeared to me entitled to particular attention. There are 32 boys and 8 girls under six teen years of age. They are generally condemned for trifling thefts of victuals, or of things of little value. But as these of fences are frequently attended with aggravating circumstances, such as scaling, breaking into, &c. it does not rest with the Judge to instigate the punishment he inflicts. These chil dren are without known parents, or they belong to wretched parents, by whom they have been deserted. They do not fore see the consequences of their actions, anti do not know that their robberies expose them to serious punishments. A prison does not better them, because they often are con fined only for twelve or fifteen months, which leaves them no time to learn a handicraft trade that would earn them a living when they are restored to liberty. But after having kept the company of bad men they leave the prison more wicked than when they entered it. Special prisons are wanted for these young offenders, in which prisons they might be taught useful trades. At Gaillon the children are suffered to see the men only in the workshops, and even this restricted communication has its inconvenience. They have a particular meadow for their re creations, and they sleep in separate dormitories. Remonstrances and good advices have little effect upon child ren, who in prisons keep the company with so many wicked men. They are without subordination, impudent, and saucy. I asked one of them what lessons he received from the elder prisoners. " I only speak with good men," he told me, seriously," and never with those who are bad company. " In the eyes of this little rogue, the least criminal prisoners were men of probity." I dismissed none of them without inquiring whether they could read. Scarcely four or five out of forty had learnt to read. One of them answered : " What is reading good for ?" An ther said, " who should have taught me reading? there was no Schoolmaster in the place." Government knows that a very great number of parishes are without a School. It is towards these young people, misled by their extreme ignorance, that the attention of public men ought to he directed. They here will find a vast field for improvement. It is in their yet unexperienced hearts that religion and morals may sow useful seeds. If we stop the evil in its origin we hinder its propagation; we prevent the progress of bad examples ; we save the Courts of justice a fruitless severity, the Exchequer considerable expences, and we empty, as it were, the prisons. There are in the House of Correction at Gaillon 469 prisoners of both sexes from 16 to 25 years of age, most of them confined for private stealing. Convicts of this age are capable of being reformed, when there is time enough to teach them a trade. The superintendants of central Houses of Correction should be bound to employ them only in such handicrafts as that of a shoemaker, locksmith, joiner, cabinet-maker, tailor, wea ver, &c. _ _ _ . . _ _ If men brought to prison as offenders, leave it instructed in a handicraft, farther crimes are prevented and society, instead of enemies, will have useful members obedient to the laws. lf, on the contrary, a lazy fellow, incapable of working, is restored to liberty he is in the same state of wretchedness and want by which ht had Wore been hurried on to trine. Even those who have been reformed by their punishment, leave the prison only with a passport which they are obliged to produce wherever they go, and which mentions the sentence which they have undergone. With this stigma of infamy, they are every where rejected ; who, indeed, could give his confidence to an individual thus recommended, or suffer him about his children? A female prisoner left the House of Correction at Gaillon, at the expiration of the term for which she'had been confied, after having lived in it in the most exem plary manner, the Governor declared that he would be answerable for her future good conduct and praised her excel lent qualities: but the stigma in her passport prevented .her getting any situation in a family. She returned to the prison imploring to be received as a servant , an d engaging never to leave it. A perpetu a l imp r i sonmen t a pp e ared to her preferable to the life of a vagabond or mendicant. Others equally homeless and destitute begin their st trade anew. At thi s momen t th ere a re at Gaillon, ou hundred liberated prison ers , 58 that have re lapsed into theird t et oer nine leab former crimes. age, that the greatest wickedness pre It is among prisoners from five and t y v ai e ls nty ; ni toanfoyrthyavyeeabrseeonf . , in the hands of j us ti ce b e f ore and have relapsed. They - gene rally are condemned for heavy offences, and require to be treat ed with great severity. The prisoner who knows exactly how far he may disobey his superiors, is readily disposed to insub ordination ; he must be struggled with, as it were, hand to fist. The audaciousness of so wicked a herd is freTtently directed to attempts of riots with the view to escape. liated by a common interest, and excited by the most mischievous among them, they constantly hope that any tumult will atibrd them a favour able chance for open rebellion. In such a case vigorous and prompt measures must be resorted to. Among the prisoners from forty to sixty years of age are those who are incorrigible, male and female receivers of stolen goods, vagabonds, mendicants, &c. No good is to be hoped of them. Whilst I was inspecting the House of Correction at Gaillon, a dozen prisoners were brought to it, two or three of whom had been' kept several months, and even a tVnoic year in the prisons of the chief cities of Departments after their conviction, instead of being sent to the House of Correction within a fortnight after the trial. These irregularities are prejudicial to their learning a handicraft, and contrary to the laws. The attention which I paid to the prison at Gallon, and my conversations with several convicts, hare confirmed me in my belief that Houses of Correction answer their destination, and. that the severe discipline observed in these houses has a power ful tendency to insure public tranquillity. 7.:xpences of this kind are a real economy : it were even to he wished that haste should be made to complete the establishments of this sot t which are not yet finished. The presence or visitation of an. Inspector sent by Govern-- ment is of great utility ; his attention is chiefly directed to the administration of prisons, and the prisoners may derive s*rne advantage from it : but the visit of a benevolent and disiatte , rested Examiner who does not proceed with a spirit of crideissia in his examination, is of far greater utility. In consequence of the conversations which I had with a great many prisoners, I am forced to renew the observations which I have already suggested twice ; they relate to the punishments which the law decrees in some cases, and the application of which so frequently perplexes both udges and Juries. The Judges are accused of too much severity and the Juries of too much indulgence. Both these reproaches are unfounded: The difference which is observed in their respective decisions arises from their differ ent powers. In criminal matters the jury, after having given their verdict of guilty, are not allowed to propose any mitigation of the punishment. The Judge, who has no right to take it into con sideration, looks to the law for the punishment decreed for that kind of crime : but the punishment which the law awards often is so disproportionate to the crime, that Juries, in order to save themselves the regrets of having been too severe, deter mine to neglect their duty. They transgress the law for fear of being over-cruel. This is not the case in matters of correctional Police; the Judges decide without the assistance of a Jury, and, compa ratively speaking, convictions are more frequent than in cri minal matters. But why ? Because the penalties are less se-- were ; they are more easily graduated and awarded with justice, especially by relying on the 463rd article of the Penal Code, which authorizes Courts of Justice to reduce the confinement to a term of even less than six clays, and the pecuniary fine even to less than 16 francs, if the damage done does not exceed 25 francs, and if there be any mitigating circumstances. They may also decree one or the other of these penalties singly. Thus the wisdom of the Lawgiver has reconciled severity with humanity, and it is this modification which constitutes' justice. The Judge does not find himself like the Jary under the painful obligation of either endangering public tranquillity by a scandalous acquittal, or afflicting Society with the sight of too severe a punishment. The culprit is convicted ;an useful example is made of him, without offending humanity, and the decision is approved of by all impartial men. The article which I have just quoted would have the same result if it were applied to criminal matters in the Courts of Assizes. This single innovation would suffice to mitigate the severity, I may almost say the harshness, of part of the dispo sitions of our penal code. The law would lose its inflexibility without losing any thing of its power,—and the Judge, instead of being the passive organ of the law, would see himself invest. ed with a power, the extent of which could not be dangerous, as it never could be used but, in behalf of the accused. A dis creet use of this power would 'add to the regard due to Who.: rity united with experience. It' the Jury should still be intimi. dated by the text of the law, they would feel relieved by the wisdom of the Judges : They would trust to the -latter, and their decisions would be freed from the scruples which tend to impede their justice. I will not cease renewing these observations whenever an opportunity offers itself; and I submit them with the utmost confidence to those who have discharged the functions of Judges 1 and Juries at the Assizes. The question might also be examined, whether it would not be proper to assign to the correctional police the cognizance of several crimes of little importance which are now tried at the Assizes. The Courts to which they might he entrusted would not be driven either to excessive severity or to dangerous at quittals ;—they would do justice. Two other important, but secondary, advantages would be obtained at the same time • one, of not fatiguing the Jury with matters little worthy of the attention and attendanceuf the in dividuals who compose the Jury, and who frequently cannot be long absent from their homes without injury to their privatu concerns. _ _ . ----- The other advantage would be that of saving a great part of the expences attendant on the trials at the Assizes. Were the change which I propose adopted, the expences of two years under different laws would comparatively be very different. I know that in the application of laws there is some danger in deviating from the rules laid down in theory. But the law• giver cannot possibly foresee and define every case'. Hence tire wisest nations have acknowledged that•there are many circum• stances under which equity must be substituted to laws that are deficient, because their enactments are too general. Not that I unrestrictedly approve of the distinction between justice and equity. No human being is free from human passions; and those who have presided over the Court of Chancery inEng land have not always kept it free from abuses. But our laws know nothing of such a Court. Were the laws which I pro pose proclaimed, an increased watchfulness would be required in those who watch over our law proceedings, and of all watch. , ings over the Courts of Justice, the publicity of the trials is ike best and most efficacious. [Page 32 and 33.1 Interior colonies appear, at the present moment; the easiest means of relief that Government can adopt in behalf of indi gent families. Other countries have set us salutary examples. Bavaria and Russia at first devoted considerable sums to incer rior colonization, and have been amply indemnified for their advances, by the advantage of having put into cultivation lands which were formerly untilled and barren, and by the diminution of crimes and law expences. And lastly,, what is superior to all these advantages, they have snatched . from a having beep hostile to hAiiimsbteener cenTcneeneexvaemr f p a l i e ls o t f. o H i l social order, will become its additional supporters and zealous n d o is w so a lu re te la li n fe dlo a w n n d er a s, st a a n t d e o w f hwoaifirto.mnumbers of families • that defenders, out of that gratitude which an act of greit . bene fit deserves o to f be n e d l i u fr o e t r : all, t ab q o u v a e riti. w b e e ri cause it is the most recent, and b h ec a a v u e se es i ta ts bl s i u sh c success s at Benevolence, whose object it is to found d•- 13e which the poor might find the means of snore rapid than any h wb an er d e else g e s na , lllClnr wro te e:. thus rior a Society of Mr. Van den Bete mestic colonies. In subsistence by their . d in the province of Over-Ysiel gr • ; -.ty cottages were purchase hem to which lots of ground were attach built upon t l e erected buildin s of public ed, and there were likewise The good s uccess of this first colony caused a second one t ' • founded likewise of fifty cottages, and others be foun soon after a third, under the name of William Town. They are all under the ' patronage of the Prince of Orange. The last col • colony; established has one hundred houses and seven hundied acres of land. It was after having visited These colonies, that Mr . Jasques Colonies :—" I have seen • the colon • Y of Worter in . 1822, when it was still a desert, and when theywere only beginning to till the land ; I have seen the same mer, in harvest time, and when y colony twice this . sum the number of 'inhabited houses they dug up their ~potatoes; I have been so struck with was already very considerable. faction in beholding fi ne this sight, and I felt such a satin-' and ample harvests on fields which but a little time a go were barren and _uncultivated , that I beg the Society of B enevo l ence to' m accept gift of five thousand , Netherlands." florins, money o f the y Thus where there was but a desert one now sees industry, activity, and rich harvests. Churches and schools have beers built in theist colonies, can* haye been dug; and 'plantations made.