The Sun. — London, England, 1849-07-25 00:00:00

r i' ring boon some ) say their rents de • t of m of their That, [cal)ls, • not hers. e of pri- He the the ng-- who and of antagonism between the Government and the colo• nists. The colonists themselves complained that the plighted faith of this country had been broken, and they had been deprived of the protection guaranteed to them. The result had been the abandonment of estates and the general derangement of all the affairs of the colony. It seemed to him that such conduct on the part of any Go vernment was most heartless and disgraceful. For the Rouse h e h a d ass i gne d , h owever , h e b e li ev ed that the klouse was called upon to affirm the resolutions he now moved. BAILLIE seconded the resolutions. The Com. raittee had not noticed several important points referred to them, and which were fully borne oat in the evidence, and the consequence was that the Colonial-office might think themselves justified in passing over without notice these grievances; and if this system was allowed in the ea se of Guiana, of course the same thing would apply to all other colonies, and Committees of Inquiry, instea d of P r ocuring redress, would merely screen oppression. The great evil of our colonial system was, that it gave a no minal representative power to the colonists, while, in Go vernor, p all the real power was exercised by the orted by the Home Government. The c onsequence was, that in Guiana affairs had been `ll the most deplorable condition for the last twelve months, and the inhabitants had been in effect told that if they did not submit to the dictation of the Colonial-office, they would be turned over to the tender mer ies of the native popula tion without the p ro tection of the police. The Gover nor at th e same time stating that the native population had lately b e come very much demoralised. The first Witness examined by the Committee was the late Go vernor of the colony, Sir H. Light, who was the model Governor of the Colonial-office, and had there a celes tial reputation. That witness in effect admitted that he had governed the colony on a policy in opposition to the opinions of the law officers of the Crown. When he heard that, he thought it amply justified the resistance of the colonists to the course pursued by the Governor. The Governor had also refused to enforce resolu tions regulating the labour of the negroes, which no nglish or Scottish labourer would have objected to. Th e consequence was that the negroes refused to conform to these resolutions, and he had from good authority that this was one cause of the ruin which had over spread the island. With respect to the civil list in 1839, Sir H. Light proposed to raise the salaries ge nerally. He proposed to raise his own from 3,6001. to 6,0001., on the ground that the colony was exceedingly prosperous, and that living was so much higher in Guiana than it was in Antigua, where he had formerly been Governor. The other salaries were to be raised in the same proportion. But when the proposal was laid before the combined Court it was refused, and Sir B. Light dissolved the Court, thereby stopping the busi ness, and causing a direct loss of 60,000 dollars. Lord John es Russell, who was then Secretary , caused Sir H. Macleod to inquire into the subject. It appeared that Sir H. Light had offered an emigration ordnance to the colonists, on condition that they would accede to the increased civil list. That, he thought, was most im proper con duct. If emigration was usefuto the colony, cs it ought to have been granted without the public officers of the colony making it a matt e r of bargain.—(Hear, hear.) Matters continued in this state for four years, and then, in consequence of the growing distress in the colonies, resolutions were passed deprecating any in crease, and showing that the cost of living in Guiana was not such as to justify the demand. And it would be remembered that, in the meantime, on these very grounds, the civil list had been reduced in Trinidad 33 per cent., while at the same time the taxation in Trini dad was only 20s. a head, and in Guiana it was 40s,— (He ar, hear.) The Hon. Mensber, after quoting at some length from the evidence given before the Committee, and especially that of Lord Grey, for the purpose of justifying the strong language he had applied, in a for mer debate, to the conduct of that Noble Lord, as the head of th e colonial department, in suppressing informa tion as to the state of the colony at a certain period, pro- Posed a resolution to the Committee, which was, in his opinion, necessary either for his own justification in using that language, or to clear Lord Grey from the charge made against him.—(Hear.) But the Committee declined to express any opinion on the subject, and re • jected both the resolutions proposed by himself, and those of the Under-Secretary for the Colonies (Mr. Hawes). The real question was, whether the colonies should be allowed to manage their own affairs, or whether they were to continue subject to the dictation of the Colonial Office? England bad made herself ob noxious by her foreign policy. He hoped this policy would not be pursu e d w i t h re f erence to our co l on i es . That we would not show the colonists of Guiana that Canada was allowed to manage its own affairs because it was a wealthy and powerful colony, while they were subject to the dictation of the Colonial Office, and de prived of all legitimate control over their own affairs, for no other reason, that he could see, but their compa rative weakness. Mr. 13. HAWES said that he was relieved from the necessity of cuing into detail on this question, as the Matter had been already decided by a Committee of the House respecting the charges brought against his Noble Friend (Earl Grey); for when the Hon. Member for Montrose brought those charges before he found himself in a minority, and therefore he did not think that there was any necessity for knowing the opinion of the House again on this subject. He regretted to say that the statements of the two Hon. Gentlemen who had preceded him were not founded on fact, and he was pre pared to show this by the evidence of witnesses chosen by the Hon. Member for Montrose. In the first place, he did not see that any of them had shown why the Act of Parliament respecting this measure should be put an end to, particularly when the Act of the Legislature of that colony was in unison with that Act of Parliament. lie would thus far enter into detals, as he had stated before, and show that the whole amount of expenditure of that colony was only 39,000/. Of that sum 5,5001. is Paid out of the Imperial Treasury, and in addition to that 1,0001., which reduces the sum to 34,000/. He should also say that there was a sum of 9,000/. to be deducted from that, which reduces the expenditure to 25,000/. Then he wished to call the attention of the House to the revenue, which amounted to 29,0001., and when 25,0001. Was deducted from that sum for the duties of the Govern 'tent officials, it would be found that there was a surplus of 4,0001., which he considered told well for the interests of the condition of that colony, notwithstanding the opposition of slave. grown sugar to that of free grown. would refer the House to the evidence before the C ommittee, whieh proved his late statement, and also that the revenue of the colony was most encouraging— (Hear, hear)—and he wished to ask, if such was the opinion of the Colonial Legislature with respect to reducing the revenue, what right was there for saying that the Imperial Legislature did interfere, or that his Noble Friend (Earl Grey) should be taxed or brought to account for such proceeding on the part of the Colonial Legislature? He then read several extracts fro m the evidence given before the Committee, in proof of Lord Grey's anxiety to promote the interests of that colony as much as possible, and argued from this evidence thrt six-sevenths of the revenue was expended on the part of that colony for the support of the officers, ac cording to the desire of the Colonial Legislature. He then referred to the difference that existed between Tri nidad and Guiana, and argued strongly that there did not exist any parallel between the two colonies. He perfectly concurred with the plan of Governor Barkly, in introducing a number of voters, who could have influ ence on the Colonial Legislature, because it contributed to the benefit and independence of that colony. Con sidering that the proposition before the House was one ich merely emanated from the minority of the Com mittee, he trusted it would not receive the sanction of the Mr. STUART moved the adjournment of the debate. m After a few words from Mr. Hume, Mr. Disraeli, and r. nogg, the House divided, when there appeared— For the motion ... ... 17 Against it ... . 94 •• ••• Majority against the a dj ournment — 77 Mr, Hume's motion was negatived without a division. the House which then moved the adjournment of O d use s _which was agreed to, a nd th e H ouse ad journe at lialf•past Twelve o'clock. RII.YMES FOR YOUNG READERS. THE MOUSE AND THE CAKE. A (From Eliza Cook's Journal.) mouse found a beautiful piece of plum-cake, The 0T rich est and sweetest that mortal could make; was h eavy with citron and fragrant with spice, And covered with sugar all sparkling as ice. Moyees,tars," cried the mouse , w hil e hi s e y e beamed with Lliere's a treasure I've found, what a feast it will be; .y..nt, hark there's a nois e , 'tis my brothers at play, So I'll hi de with the a lest they wander this way. cake. Vt a bit shall they have, • for I know I can eat er y morsel myself, and I'll h ave suc h a treat;' , Off went the mouse as he held the cake fast, While his hungry young brothers went scampering past. hehe nibbled, and nibbled, and panted, but still gping it down till he made himself ill ; _et he swallowed it all, and 'tis easy to guess, lite was soon so unwell that he groaned with distress. his family heard him, and as he grew worse, They sent for th e d octor, who made him rehearse Row he'd eaten the cake to the very last crumb, Without giving his playmates and relatives some. " Ah me!" cried the doctor, " advice is too late. You must die before long, so prepare for your fate; If you had but divided the cake with your brothers, 'Twould have dOne you no harm, and been good for the others. Had you shared it, the treat had been wholesome enough, But eaten by one, it was dangerous stuff, So prepare for the worst;" and the word had scarce fled, When the doctor turned round, and the patient was dead. Now all little people the lesson may take, And some large one s may learn from the mouse and the cake Not to ' be over-selfish with what we my g • Or the best of our p!easur es may turn a into i p n, ai n , ELtz A COOK. ROME AND HUNGARY.—BIRMINGHANI, TUESDAY, - -Last evening a meeting of the inhabitants of this town, convened by placard, was held at the Public-office, Moor -street, for the purpose of sympathising with the people of th e a b ove countries. The large room was cr to ceded to exc ess , and many hundreds w ere o bli ged leave who could not gain admittance to the building. A t eight o'clock Mr. Councillor Baldwin was moved to the Ch air, when resolutions expressive of sympathy with th Rom ans and Hungarians in their struggles for freedom We re unanimo us l y carr i ed. MOVEMENTS OF THE EX-RING OF SARDINIA.—The Marquis of Sligo's mansion in town was taken for Charles Albert, who was expected by the last packet. But it appears that there has been some change of intention on the part of his ex-Majesty. THE 813 N, LAW INTELLIGENCE. VICE•CHANCERY COURT, July 24. (Before Sir J. WIGnAM.) BROGDEN V. THE SOUTH-EASTERN RAILWAY COMPANY (THE N , RTH-KENT BRANCH). Sir Fitzroy Kelly, Mr. Malins, and Mr. J. Bailey ap peared this morning in support of a motion, at the in stance of the above 'company, to commit the plaintiff for a contempt of the court, in violating an order, mg& on the 16th inst., whereby he was required and undertook to complete a portion of the North Kent Railway, ex tending about twelve miles, in the neighbourhood of Woolwich and Eritb. The plaintiff, the contractor, had moved, on the 16th inst., for an injunction restraining the company from interfering with and removing his plants, engines, barrows, &c., from that 'portion of the line, and taking it into their own hands, it being admitted that, by the contract between the parties, he was not bound to complete the works before November next, al though the company had endeavoured to induce him to complete it early this month, so as to be opened for the visitors to the siege operations at Chatham. They had offered him 5,0001. for expedition money. Upon this motion coming on an order was made by which it was arranged that the company undertaking to make no material or substantial variations in, or addi- tions to, the orders already issued by the engineer in the construction of the line, and the plaintiff under taking to complete the double line of rail, fit for public traffic to the satisfaction of the Government inspector, on or before midnight on Friday, the 20th inst., the com pany undertaking on Saturday, the 21st, to pay him 5,0001. for such expedition, and paving within a fortnight the balance of all sums certified by the engineer to be due to the plaintiff in respect of the works done; and that if the engineer should certify what was due to the plaintiff in respect of the works done or to be done by him within one week after the same was completed, the company would pay the amount within 14 days after the same was certified; but if the plaintiff failed, he was to deliver possession of the line on Saturday, the 21st, at noon, in whatever state it was, subject to the adjudica tion of his rights under the contract by the court. The Learned Counsel stated that it was of course not the ob ject of the company to gratify any resentment against Mr. Brogden, but to establish, by means of the process of the court, the right of the company to the possession of a line of railway on which they had expended millions, so as to use it for the benefit of the shareholders and the public. They complained that no one of the conditions of the undertaking had been performed, and they re ferred to the report of Captain Wynne, the Govern ment inspector, and to the affidavits of Mr. Herbert, the secretary, Mr. P. W. Barlow, the engineer-in chief, and of other persons connected with the company, as evidence that the line had not been completed accord ing to the undertaking by Friday night. They stated that the company considered that they were losing traffic to the amount of 1,000 per diem during the present season. They were willing to pay the 5,000 into court, and any sum equivalent to the probable profits of Brog den's contract for repairing the railway for the next two years upon obtaining possession, although they denied that Mr. Brogden was entitled to the 5,000/, as he had not performed the condition upon which it was payable. It appeared that in consequence of two of the Govern ment inspectors being laid up with cholera, it was not found praoticable to obtain the inspection by Capt. Wynne before Friday evening. That gentleman had reported to the Railway Board, who had prohibited the line from being opened for one month, although it was believed by the company that, if they could obtain possession of the line, and discharge Mr. Brogden, they might complete it satisfac torily to the Railway' Board, and open it without delay. The evidence showed that the line was not finished even by a late hour on Saturday, some of the rails being only laid on Saturday morning. Captain Wynne, in his re port, stated that he had on Friday inspected the line; that he found several chairs of the up-line remained to be laid, and that through the town of Woolwich it was so encumbered with rubbish and materials as to be im passible. He reported that, from the incompleteness of the permanent line between Woolwich and Erith, this portion of the line could not be opened with safety to the public; that he had been unable to inspect the Green wich portion of the line, or the Bricklayers' Arms branch. The company also could prove that such had been the determination of the plaintiff to retain posses sion of the line that he had given orders, prior to the motion of last week, for taking up portions of the line, and causing obstruction to the company in their attempt to obtain possession and complete it themselves. The Solicitor-General, Mr. Wood, and Mr. A. J. Lewis on behalf of Mr. Brogden, opposed the motion, which they insisted, both in point of form and upon the merits, must be dismissed with costs. They complained of the attack which had been made upon the character of the plaintiff, who, as a man of business, felt that the imputations might be injurious to him in future under takings. In the present case the plaintiff was still within his original contract, which did not expiro until Novem ber. The company had endeavoured to urge the comple tion o lthis part of the line by July, in order to realise large profits by the Chatham siege, stiid had offered 5,000/. as expedition money. They contended that the evidence would satisfy the Court that if the Government inspector were sent down at that moment he would certify that the line was quite ready for working. It was stated that Cap tain Wynne himself had stated on the spot, on Friday, that it might very easily be ready for travelling upon on Saturday. It was a curious proceeding on the part of the company to send for the Government inspector at twelve on Friday noon, to report whether it would be completed by the same day at midnight. The evidence showed that carriages had been up and down the line on Saturday, and since, at the rate of 25 miles per hour, with perfect safety, and that between eleven and twelve on Friday night the engine had run over every part of the work for which the plaintiff was responsible. They referred to the statements of witnesses as to delays caused by a want of supply of chairs, it being stated that the men had lost eight hours on Wednesday, and six hours on Friday morning, from that cause. One of the workmen, at the end of the line, in the company's interest, was stated to have held up a portion of the rail, refusing to place it until five on Saturday morning, when he did so, exclaiming, •' Now Mr. Brogden shall not have his 5,0001., for he has broken his contract." They argued that there was no instance of a motion to commit for the breach of an undertaking until an order had been formally made. The words of the undertaking, " deliver up the line," merely meant taking off the work men, and allowing the company to work it. As to the charge which had been made against the plaintiff, of taking up a portion of the line early last week, for the purpose of obstructing the company in their attempt to take possession, the Learned Counsel observed that their Client had, previously to the motion on the 16th, given an order to that effect, which he was justified ia doing, in order to oppose force to force, but nothing of the kind had taken pl ace s i nce th e Court had interfered. His HONOUR intimated, during the argument, that he was of opinion the " possession" which was undertaken to be delivered up, must be construed as meaning the use of the line; but that the plaintiff was not thereby to be precluded from using the line so far as was necessary for carrying on the repairs for two years. He considered that the present struggle could only have the effect of depriving' both parties of what it was their interest to• have, and he strongly recommended them to come to some arrangement. The order, for a breach of which the commitment was asked, was in effect: a contract; but bow could the Court decide that a condition of it had been broken upon a motion for commitment? He was strongly inclined to think that, before moving to commit, an order ought previously to have been ob tained, in the alternative for delivering up possession or for commitment. . • The case was not concluded when the Court rose, but at this stage of the argument an offer was made by the company to pay the plaintiff 5,0001. on account, instead of paying it into court, upon being put in possession of the line; but Mr. Wood and Mr. Lewis declined ac ceding to it until they had an opportunity of consulting the Solicitor-General, who was at that time absent. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. WESTERN CIRCUIT.—Exeter. July 23. (Before Mr. Justice Vtimmems.) William Ford was indicted for the manslaughter of Andrew Morrison, on the 19th of June, on the high seas. Mr. Rowe prosecuted, and Mr. Cox defended. The prisoner was the captain of a brig called the Mersey, bound from Quebec to England, and the charge against him was, that by blows and ill-treatment, or by putting him to improper work when in a bad state of health, he had caused the death of Morrison, who was one of his crew. The ill-usage was so great that some of the men complained to the prisoner about it ; but his reply was that the deceased was a skulker, and was dodging. The witnesses believed the deceased did his best. For the prisoner it was contended that the deceased had imposed upon the prisoner by representing that he was a seaman, wher eas h e was i gnoran t o f h a s duties; and that the prisone r h a d on l y d one w h at was requisite to maintain the discipline of the crew. Some of the crew were then called to make out this case; but, on the whole of the evidence, The jury found a verdict of Guilty. The Learned JUDGE deferred the sentence. The prisoners were identified, notwithstanding that they had worn disguises; and they were all sentenced to transportation for twenty years. A fearful case of patricidal murder is appointed to be taken at eight o'clock to morrow morning, one Thomas Duxey, aged 25, standing charged with the perpetratica of the crime on the 30th of Dicember last, at Glossop, upon Job Doxy. OXFORD ClRCUlT.—Stafford, July 21. CIVIL SlDE.—(Before Mr. Baron ROLFE and a Com _ mon Jury.) LANGLEY V. PASTOW.-BREACE OF PROMISE OF MAR- RIAGE. Mr. Sergeant Allen and Mr. Greaves were counsel for the plaintiff, and Mr. Sergeant Talfourd and Mr. Whate ley, Q C., for the defendant. Mr. Sergeant ALLEN stated the case to the following effect:—The plaintiff was a young lady, of good educa tion, great beauty, some accomplishments, and not with out respectability of birth. Her grandfather was for merly rector of Checkley, in this county, and her father was formerly a veterinary surgeon of considerable skill and eminence, but in 1845 ho took a farm of 300 acres of land at Hednesford, and it was while moving in that station that the defendant became acquainted with the plaintiff. At the same time that he took the farm he also took an inn, and during two or three years applied his energies to rearing racehorses, the management of the farm, and the conduct of the inn. The plain tiff was then about twenty years of age, and the defendant twenty-nine; and from the time of his first introduction down to the present, when he thought proper, in the most unqualified and unfeeling terms, to break off all connexion, he paid her every attention which a man who inter eltd her for his wife could have dot e. In 1845, in order that there might be no doubt as to the nature of their intercourse, he, in her brother's presence, made her a distinct promise of marriage, so that it would not be in his power to say there was any inter course between them but such as was protected—nay, he might almost say hallowed—by such a promise. With such a promise, there was, of course, no restriction on the intercourse of the parties. When one considers the position of both parties, it was not surprising that the plaintiff's friends should place great confidence in the defendant. That brought them to the written evidence, and as there was a voluminous correspondence, he would not fatigue the jury by reading more than bore on the issue ; if his Learned Friends on the other side thought the other parts material to them they might read them. The promise was made on Friday, the 22d of March, 1845, and in a letter addressed to hor, dated in April, 1845, he began thus:— " My dear Keziah—You will think me negligent, but you wrong me ; there is not a being under the canopy of Heaven, in my estimation, so worthy of every atten tion. When I make a vow of constancy I esteem it as an oath, and, wishing you may do the same, I remain yours truly." In a letter written on the sth of' May, 1845, he said— " Remember, my beloved, that Will's happiness de pends upon you. Your last letter has given me great pleasure for your sincere and candid avowal of mutual love; but actions, not words, must testify my gra titude." About that time she became unwell, and was recovering, and it seems that he had gone to see her, and on the 25th of July, 1845, he sent a letter beginning— " Kessie, my love (showing that he was then become more familiar), it has given me great pleasure in seeing you in sickness and in health; how happy shall I be if ever it is my fortune to be possessed of such an amiable companion. Kessie love, how kind it was of you to send me home on Sunday. Yes, Kessie love, you little think what future bliss is in store for us, but it cannot be ac complished till we are one for ever; thou art loved as never was woman loved before." In a letter of August 17, of the year— " If you have half the pleasure in reading mine that I have in reading yours, you will pardon the imperfec tions of this. You may trust yourself to my protection; believe me, it is a sacred deposit." In a letter of Sept. 11 this passage occurs— The mutual attachment which now exists between us shall never cease with me, but my pure and honour • able motives, combined with the ardency of my love, will go on increasing day by day. My heart yearns to see thee ; but I cannot just now, as we are so busy in the corn. Yes, Kessie, words are inadequate to express my idea, and I know that we shall happily weather the storm of life." In a letter of the 12th of October he said— " I look forward to that blissful life when we two shall be one;" and on the 4th of December he said— " Your welfare is my welfare; our interests are bound irrevocably together." On the 30th of March, 1846, he said— " Kessie love, did Friday, the 27th of March, bring you any pleasing recollections? I thought I that day had gained a true friend. I hope I shall have it in my power to make you a due return. Nothing can be so pure as my love to you. lam convinced that our for tunes are indissolubly linked together. 'Where'ere I roam, whatever realms I see, My heart, unchanged, will fondly cling to thee ;' For sooner than forsake one of so much beauty and worth I would become the contempt of all human creatures." Again, on the 15th of April, 1847, he says— "l am at a loss to express my thoughts on that aus picious day, the 27th of March." On the sth of September, 1848, " Rest assured, my dear girl, that no miserable convict looks forward to the time of his release with half the pleasure that I do for that happy time when I can fulfil those sacred engagements and perform those faithful pro mises that I have so often made to you." About that time the plaintiff's father came to live in the neighbourhood of the defendant, and thenceforward there was not much correspondence by letter; but he was received by the family on the usual terms, sometimes staying in the house for several days. Towards the latter end of 1848 some rumours had reached some mem bers of the family that he had some notion of not per forming his promises; and in consequence it became de sirable that the term of the youthful couple's probation should be shortened, and on this subject the mother of the plaintiff frequently spoke to him, and he assured her and the brother of the plaintiff that there was no indis position on his part to fulfil his promises, and he kept up the delusion even to within a fortnight f his marriage. In the month of May of this very year, about a fort night before that marriage, he assured her that there was no alteration in his affections, and that she might rely on his fulfilling his promises, and intreated her mother to dissipate any doubt that might have arisen in her mind. The first notice that the family received of his altered intentions was conveyed in a letter, than which a more heartless production never emanated from the basest mind. This letter was received on the Bth of May, on the very morning of his marriage with another woman; it commenced— Dear Miss Langley,—l canno t poss ibl y s p are ti m e to see rnoues si y ser of to -morrow. " and n,or r m o w a k . eyou ll a a t u r a e i a n d t e i d n w t h i t e h y m e p a s r t t e i p c a s a r s t fou Kate r . I being should able have done d to o g n e e tb w e h r a . t promised ised to not yb ti uo m usyi e to say much. I will expect to hear from you as to what I shall do with your letters, as some of them relate to circumstances of your family which I shall never re veal unless you drive me to do it. Although we shall not be so nearly connected as you expected, I may un affectedly say—l may truly say—it is not from any offence on your part, for your behaviour has been always most kind and deserving. I s hall pledge my faith to morrow at the altar of another deserving object. I shall not be at home until the beginning of next week, and if you wish to take back your letters pleasantly you can have them; but if you adopt the steps which I have beard of your threatening to do, each must do the best we can. I have one consolation—that is, I have nothing to lose. Believe me, I have always had reason to re spect every member of your family; and whenever I can do anything for them, I shall be the same as I ever was." That was the only communication from the defendant to intimate his intention to break off his promise. With regard to the means of the defendant, he should say that he was the son of a gentleman who was approaching 80, and farmed some land and had some more of his own, and the whole of whose property was to be divided be• tween the defendant and his two sisters, and that defen dant stated on his father's death he . would be possessed of 300/. for life, which he might dispose of as he pleased, and 11. a week to be strictly settled on him, and which he could not touch. These estatements were supported by the evidence of the plaintiff's brother and mother. The letters, of which the Learned Sergeant had read selected extracts, were not read in detail, and nothing more ap peared of them than what the Learned Sergeant had read. There was an attempt made to prove, on cross-examina tion, that the plaintiff's family knew that the defendant's father was averse to the marriage, but it failed altogether. Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD having addressed the jury for the defendant, Mr. Baron ROLFE summed up, and The jury, after twenty minutes' deliberation, returned a verdict for the plaintiff, with 4001. damages. July 24. CIVIL SlDE.—(Before Mr. Baron ROLFE and a Spa. cial jury.) NEWMAN V. DOWNING. This was an action brought by the plaintiff, who is a coal-master and publican, living at Wednesbury, against the defendant, who is now a maltster, but was formerly a butcher, living at Smethwick, for the seduction of his daughter and servant, Mahala Newman. The defendant pleaded the general issue, and that Mahala Newman was not the servant of the plaintiff. Mr. Whateley, Q.C., and Mr. Gray were counsel for the plaintiff; and Mr. Sergeant Talfourd and Mr. Skin ner for the defendant. The plaintiff's daughter, Mahala Newman, and the defendant were schoolfellows. Soon after the defendant left school, he commenced business as a butcher, and was in the habit of calling at the plaintiff's house for orders. The plaintiff had four daughters, and Mahala, the eldest, acted as his housekeeper. The defendant became her suitor, and continued so for four or five years, until she became pregnant, when he deserted her. She had previously evinced symptoms of consump tion, and after giving birth to a child on the Ist of February last, she died of that disease about a month afterwards. Previous to her death a commission was issued to take her examination with a view to the pre sent action, and the examination being attended by the defendant and his attorney and counsel, she deposed (inter alia) as follows:---" I was twenty-three years old last November. I have performed all the duties of housekeeper for my father for the last four or five years. I have known the defendant many years. I went to school with him at West Bromwich. I was then fourteen years old. It is seven or eight years since the defendant came to court me, but he came very strong towards the last. He has fre quently promised me marri ige. Two years ago he told me to get my wedding clothes ready. I then bought materials for dresses, but they were never made up. No other person ever paid addresses to me besides the defendant. He has had improper;intercourse NORTHERN CIRCUIT.—York, July 23. Crown Court.—(Before Mr. TvlctrimArf.) William Marsh and James Bell Lord were indicted for conspiring to cheat and defraud the Agriculturist Cattle Insurance Company; other counts charged them with endeavouring to obtain money by false pretences. The jury fbund Marsh Guilty, and Acquitted Lord. His Lordship deferred sentence (motion having b een made in arrest of judgment) until the point reserved had been argued. MIDLAND CIRCUIT.—Derby, July 23. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Justice COLERIDGE.) William Pinder, aged 41; Thomas Dawes, aged 25 ; and William Davis, aged 40, were this day indicted, charged with having, on the night of the 27th of June last, at Brackenfield, burglariously broken and entered tho dwelling-house of John Newton, and stolen therein a silver mustard pot, pepper-box, and cream-jug, seven spoons, and other articles of value; also an accountable receipt from the Chesterfield Savings' Bank for the de posit of 501., and one sovereign and 10s. Mr. Wilmore and Mr. Morewood conducted the pro secution; and Mr. Flowers, Mr. Boden, and Mr. Adams defended the prisoners separately. The outrage was accompanied by acts of brutal per sonal violence, against which the prosecutor defended himself gallantly; but being at length overpowered, his assailants possessed themselves of his property; after which they came to his bedside and fastened his hands together with a strong piece of cord, and also his feet, and then fastened him to his bed, and also cut one of his feet with a k n if e . Th e y th en pulled the feather bed from under him and covered him with it. They went to his sister's bed, which was in the same room, and after they had tied her hands together, left the room, and proceeded down stairs, and there regaled themselves upon btead and cheese and milk. LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 25, 1849. me. It commenced four or five years ago. It was in this room (the plaintiff's parlour). At that time he said he wished the flash might drop off his bones if he ever left rne. He has said so several times I swear that I never had connexion with any man besides the defen dant. I was delivered of a male child on the Ist of February last. The defendant was the father of that child. I had been two months in the family way before I discovered it. I did not at first tell him my condition; I was half gone before I told him. I then pressed him to marry me, but he only laughed at me, and then told me plainly he should never have me. In the middle of my pregnancy my mother sent for the defendant, and my sister wrote to him. He came to our house, and I asked him to marry me, but he laughed and said he l i would not, but that he would provide for the child. He said he would not pay a weekly sum; he was a gentle man, and would pay all together, but he did not say how much. His brother Thomas said the defendant would give 5/. to buy baby's clothes, but I refused to have it. The defendant never gave me any money in his life. I never had occasion to call in a doctor before my confine ment. The child of which I was delivered died a week ago yesterday." Being cross-examined she said—"l bad first a bad cough twelve months since. When the defendant has come to our house I have sometimes asked him to stop, and he made vary free. I have asked him to take ree fresh talent, and when he was not asked ho would fetch it himself. I used to walk with him. I have taken many a one with him. The last intercourse I had with him was about June or July last. When he came after my mother sent for him, I spoke to him about his paying addresses to a Miss Wood. It was then be laughed at me. My father keeps a beer-house. Other people came besides the defendant. There was a person named Smith, a railway clerk. He did not come oftener than others. I went with a party to Wolverhampton. We went to the theatre. Smith was one of the party. I have called at Smith's lodgings. In 1848 I went to see a Mrs. Munk at Gloucester. I did not see Smith there. I went to see him before I went to Gloucester. He was then very ill. He never paid his addresses to me. I never had any connexion with him, and I was in the family way when I first knew him. I knew a person named Mark Bromley. I never saw him at Wednesbury wake. I have heard of Tinker Bess. I have never seen her with my father, and do not know that he has had an illegitimate child by her. I know a Mr. Amphlett. He never talked to me about my conduct with the defendant and other young men. The first time the defendant promised me marriage was two or three years ago. It was after I had had intercourse with him he told me to get my wedding-clothes ready." Being re-examined--" When my father first opened a beer-shop it was to supply his own men. He had then between 200 and 300. He has not so many new. He gets coal by royalty." Eliza Newman Emma Newman (daughters of the plaintiff), and other witnesses, then gave evidence cor roborative of Mahala Newman's deposition, and said they attributed her death, in a great measure, to the shame she felt for her seduction, and her grief at the defendant's conduct towards her. Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD addressed the jury for the defendant, and called Dr. Eccles, of Birmingham, who deposed that in May last he was required by the de fendant's solicitor to visit Mabala Newman, to ascertain the state of her health. He found her far gone in con sumption, and attributed her death to that cause only, and not at all to her seduction and pregnancy. A brother of the defendant proved that when the de fendant was sent for to the plaintiff's house, he went with him; that when his brother was told of Mahala's pregnancy, he said he had had nothing to do with it, and would have nothing to do with it; and that nothing was sail about providing for the child, or finding clothes for it, or about his brother being a gentleman and paying all together. Another brother of the defendant proved that all the property he had was 8001. A witness named Amphlett, a retail brewer, deposed that he knew the plaintiff and his family well, and that he had spoken to Mahala Newman about her proceed ings with young men. He also said that he was present with the plaintiff and his daughter Mahala, and others, when a woman named Tinker Bess was spoken of. The witness then deposed to a grossly indecent observation which he said Mahala made respecting her father's illicit intercourse with Tinker Bess and other women, and that the plaintiff replied, " Ha ! ha ! hark at my wench ! what foolishness she is saying." A witness named Berfoot deposed that he had intro. duced a fellow clerk named Smith to the plaintiff's fa mily; that Smith subsequently paid attentions to Ma hale, and on one occasion, when she went to Wolver hampton Theatre with him, sat on his knee in the boxes, and behaved so improperly that the people in the gallery cried out to them. On cross-examination, this witness admitted he had been accused of embezzlement, but said the matter had been compromised. Other witnesses deposed that great intimacy existed between Mahala and Smith, and that she had showed them dresses, and told them she was preparing for her marriage with him. A witness named Monk deposed that Smith came to visit his wife, to whom he was related, at Gloucester, and that Mahala Newman came there at the same time —that he had seen her sit on Smith's knee, and had seen Smith kiss her, and that he understood they were en gaged to be married. Other witnesses were called, who deposed to immoral conduct and language by the plaintiff and his family. Mr. WIIATELEY having replied, Mr. Baron ROLFE summed up the evidence, and The jury then returned a verdict for the plaintiff. Damages, 751. HUNGARY and the HUNGARIANS TO THE EDITOTi OF THE SUN. SlR,—Hitherto the agents of Kossuth's Government, more zealous than able, have given a colouring to the affairs of Hungary which they have not, awl ought not to have. With your permission I will endeavour to elucidate what has, until now, been considered detri mental to the cause of the Hungarians, which has divided public opinion in England, which has served as an argument to the opponents of the cause, and which I alluded to in my letter of the 17th instant. It is generally accredited, that the intention of Kos suth, should the war prove favourable to his cause, is to proclaim a Republic in Hungary! Nothing can be more erroneous than this belief. Kossuth has no other pre tension than to preserve the constitutional privileges of his couutry. Far from being a republican, he reproaches Austria, on the contrary, with having provoked the Hungarian revolution. Kossuth is decidedly a man of tradition; he has never repudiated the constitutional sovereignty of the Emperor; his views, as well as those of his Government, are patriotic; and, if I am well in formed—and I have every reason to believe that I am so— at this moment intelligent and trusted friends of the Hungarian Government are charged to make clear to Lord Palmerston the present position, the political views, and the ulterior intewions of its chief, if left unaided by the neutral Powers. Kossuth's sole object, as I have before stated, is to preserve the traditional constitntion of Hungary. The contest that he now sustains is not republican; and as a proof of this I will cite a passage of a discourse he pronounced recently:--" It will be the happiest day of my life," he said, " when a liberal Prince shall come to govern constitutionally in the name of Austria our beautiful and brave country, and when I can emigrate to the United States, assured of her con quered liberties and repose, over the old policy of Met ternich?' I now come to the second subject of my letter, and the most important, as it has already compromised the diplo macy of Lord Palmerston, and must cause the greatest disasters if not resolutely attacked by our Foreign Mi nister.lt was the right and the duty of Kossuth to protest against the armed intervention of Russia in the affairs of Hungary, for the reason that no serious pretext has been given by his Government for such a step on the part of the Czar. He repulses all idea that the cause of Hun gary is mixed up with the revolution of Poland and Germany. The Poles who have aided in the war, and whose services, militarily speaking, would not be refused, are but soldiers of fortune, and have no political in fluence; moreover, the Hungarians are more Russian than Austrian, and so far from being hostile to the for mer, if left to choose, would prefer to be incorporated with the empire of Russia than surrender themselves to the house of Hapsburg. As well may it be said that Spain might have considered it a casus belli, or a reason for an intervention, the presence in that country of the legionary troops under the command of General Sir De Ltcy Evans! Is the Hungarian nation responsible for the bontades in the proclamation of Bem and of Dem binski? Or that some Hungarian delegates made com mon cause, in words only, with the Polish revolu tionists! No, the Government of Kossuth neither counselled or approved the one or the other. Thus Eng land and France have the right to protest energetically against the intervention of Russia, the Hungarian na tion having nothing to reproach itself with contrary to the interests, the prerogatives, or the character of the government of the Czar. In my next letter I will point out the consequences that must result should Russia persist in this most un just war, unless, indeed, Lord Palmerston shall decide to interfere diplomatically to put an end to it, and it be not too late. W. Brussels, July 21st, 1849. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I beg leave to enclose you a Post-office order for lOs. 6d., for the Hungarian Hussars; and were it in my power to send you as many pounds as I send shillings, I should feel honoured by such an opportunity to do so. Wishing health and vigour to those brave fellows, and success eminent to their countrymen engaged in so dis proportionate a struggle (but I call to mind Marathon and Salamis, and despair not), and thanking you, Sir, for your staunch advocacy of their noble cause, I subscribe myself, your obedient and grateful servant, ROBERT ELLIS, Surgeon. 4, Polston's Parade, Bristol, July 24,1349. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I enclose five shillings, and bem you to hand them to the Committee employed in assisting the refugee Hungarian Hussars, as the subscription of a " Canny Scot." I am sure that the present struggle of Hungary with Austria and Russia must forcibly remind all true Scotch men of the days of the " wight Wallace," and— " At Wallace's name, what Scottish blood But boils up in a springtide flood ? Oft have our fearless fathers strode By Wallace's side, Still pressing onward red-wat shod, Or glorious died." Wallace, and " the Bruce of Bannockburn" saved their country from the oppressor, and though hundreds of years havepassed on since they died, the influence of their work still survives. Our ancient oppressors have be come inseparable brethren, and our fatherland shares in the renown of England. Animated by the feelings with which the recollection of these things fill the soul, we cannot but rejoice at every successful blow dealt by the Magyars oa the heads of their oppressors . We cannot but hope and pray to God that their armies may continue to " stand a wall of fire around their much loved land," and preserve its ancient liberty and glory for the generations to come. So shall those generations cherish the memory of the hero whose breath has kindled and blown that fire, till now it shines out and attracts the eyes of all Europe. Thou brave Kossuth ! the story of thy life shall, in times to come, be inter woven with the lessons of boyhood, and the recognition of thy worth shall be a psalm and a song. I am, Sir, &c., Glasgow, July 23, 1849. G. P. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I have great pleasure in handing to you, on be half of the Hungarians, the enclosed amount of 51. 55., the result of a shilling subscription, which was no sooner suggested than immediately responded to, as expressive of heartfelt British sympathy for the noble and brave men of Hungary, who are now fighting not only for their own independence and liberties, but, probably, for the whole of Southern Europe, against the northern despot of Russia; and what right-minded Englishman is there that does not breathe a fervent prayer for the stretching forth of the arm of Omnipotence in defence of the Hungarians against the sway of despotic cruelties? It is to be regrettei that the meeting, called yester day at the London Tavern, was not held in some more spacious place, for if the place had been five times as large it would have been filled; and it supplies a happy evidence that England is with the Hungarians, and your numerous readers feel much pleasure in your able and persevering advocacy in their cause.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, A FRIEND TO HUNGARY. Islington, July 24, 1849. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIA M I am one of a numerous and increasing party in this country, who consider that law-reform can alone prevent us from imitating our continental neighbours. Hitherto tranquillity has been preserved by the extreme popularity of the Queen, but there is a growing deter mination to have our laws made intelligible, equal, and leas costly, let the consequences in the attainment be what they may. At the present York assizss an indict• ment was preferred against a young man, whose friends are both rich and respectable, and the grand jury very properly ignored the bill, because the principal wit nesses who gave their evidence before the committing magistrates here were not taken before the grand jury at York. If the practice of suppressing evidence before grand juries, to favour influential criminals, be per severed in, the law will soon be as little respected in England as it is in Ireland, and will tend to confirm a very prevailing impression, that the laws are purposely made expensive and incomprehensible for the advantage of the profession and wealthy persons who transgress them. I cannot think the black case to which I have alluded can remain uninvestigated, but we shall see. Your obedient servant, Hull, July 21, 18 49 . A REFORMER. THE PENINSULAR MAIL. SOUTHAMPTON, JULY 24.—The. Peninsular and Ori ental Company's steam ship Pacha, Captain J. Weeks, arrived here this day, and landed mails from the follow ing places and dates, in charge of Lieut. Wm. Perase Newenham, Admiralty agent: — The freight of the Pacha consists of a quantity of spe cie, ten bullocks, one horse, some bales of silk, oranges, lemons, &c. During the homeward voyage of the Pacha she ex perienced moderate head winds, with 'some fogs, from Gibraltar to Lisbon, and very fine weather same time. Fine weather on to Vigo; fresh head winds and fine on thence for a short time, ;hen fair and fresh to Ushant; moderate variable and light winds, with rain, passing Ushant into the Channel. DATES OF SAlLlNG.—Gibraltar, July 15, 7.20 P.M. ; Cadiz, ,Tuly 16, 10.30 A.M.; Lisbon, July 19, 8.30 A M. ; Oporto, July 20, 9.15 A.M.; Vigo, July 21, 8.30 A.M. STATIONS OF HER. MAJESTY'S SHIPS.—JuIy 15, at Gibraltar, her Majesty's ship Arrogant (steam -frigate), arrived on the 14th; ditto, Janus (steam -ship). July 18, at Lisbon, the 131azer (steam ship), from the Coast of Africa. SHIPS OBSERVED ON THE VOYAGE.—JuIy 11, the Iberia, C.S.P., homeward bound, off the Corrobedos (Ficisterre); July 19', the Vesuvio, Oporto packet, from Lisbon, left with us for Oporto; July 21, at "Vigo, the Montrose, C.S.P., outward bound. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.—The Queen's box, au her Majesty's Theatre, was yesterday evening occupied by Viscount and Viscountess Canning, the Marquis and Marchioness of Clanricarde, Lady Emily de Burgh, the Viscount Lascelles, apd the Viscount Dunkellin. -Her Majesty the Queen Dowager's box was occupied by the Honourable William Ashley and Mrs. Ashley, Colonel and Mrs. Cornwall and party. Amongst the visitors were his Grace the Duke of Wellington, the Duke of Devonshire, the Duke and Duchess of Cleveland and Lady Augusta Ponlet, the'llarquis and Marchioness of Worcester, the Marchioness of Bristol, his Excellency the Austrian Minister and the Countess Col ll loredo, his Excellency the Swedish Minister, his the Prussian Exceency the Neapolitan Ambassador, Ms Excellency Minister, the B aroness Bunsen and Madlle. Bunsen, his J - Excellency .the Hanoverian ;,Minister, his Excellency the Belgian Min ister and Madame Van der Weyer, M. de Berg, the B aron Koller, Chevalier Drouet , Count de B ar ke, the Counte ss of Harrington and Lady hope, the Ear l of Scarborough, the Earl and Countess of Malmesbury, the Earl of Falmouth, the Earl of Lonsdale, the Earl and Couutes3 of Chesterfield, TO THE SECRETARY OF THE METROPOLITAN REFORM ASSOCIATION. Sir,—Since the debate of the 21st, so much attention• has been attracted to the Hungarian question, that the most useful course is to endeavour to set down some o f the strung points to be insisted on, in any future discus sions either in Parliament or public meetings. One of the first is, that there is no doubt that Austria has overstepped her own line of constitutional obligation. But breach of compact releases others. Austria then by injuring Hungary, has given Hungary the right to esta blish independence if she can. What is it we mean, when we say, has given the right? What is this called right? It means that it is con sonant with what experience has shown to be for the good of mankind in like cases, that Hungary shoule take a certain course, and be supported in it. Nearly all of national independence and public freedom, has come through a course of this kind at some time taken. We are fo►lowing the orderly course of human improvement, in favouring so far as we are able the renewal of the process. The Ministers spoke out well. But on one point e question may be proposed, for dwelling on her( after. The Minister for Foreig❑ Affairs says, it is of high import lance to maintain the power of Austria, as a counterpois , to Russia, or in other words as the means of preventing Russian interference with the West of Europe. gees) hereon, why Hungary will not do as well? especially if Austria invites Russian interference, which Hungary certainly Si ill not. Looking then at Europe with the eye of what our fathers used to call a statesman, can any man whose heart is in the spread and confirmation of liberal insti tutions, doubt of the enormous gain it would be to civi lized mankind, if instead of cockering up Austria to coquette with Russia and invite its interference, we saw the right and left of the European line, flanked by an independent Hungary and Poland, holding the advanced posts of civilization, and leaning on the support of the older nations behind? Put by the side of this, the dread of routine diplomatists, of what they call " weakening Austria;" a terror which being examined resolves itself into a fear of the dislocation of ambassadorial arrange ments, and of the frown an attache might read oa the countenance of some Hyperborean princess. On Thursday the 23d, there was a contest on Steeple chasing, in Committee on the Cruelty to Animals Bill, which ended in declining the introduction of any special clause, by a majority of 58 against 50. The reason which weighed with many of the opposers of the clause, undoubtedly was, that it would endanger the passing of the Bill, and that there was in the Bill wherewithal to act against steeple-chasing if it grew into a public evil, without it. On Tuesday Lord Ashley brought forward his motion for assistance to Emigration from Ragged Schools. There is more in the question than the opposite side is disposed to allow. It is plain we are fast approaching a time when, if something effectual is not done, our crime and our dirt will run away with us. Criminals and pestilence must be diluted by dispersion. It is no answer to say• we might spend our money on more amiable objects. It is to aid ourselves that the expense is gone to When a man is hanged a considerable expense falls on the county; but it is not because we love him that this ex pense is gone to, but from some idea of public necessity. On the whole, the subject had not the hearing it de served. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, AN OLD REFORMER. London, July 25, 1849. MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS (From the Weekly Report of the Registrar-General.) The return for last week records the further progress of the prevailing disease. The deaths from all causes, which in the two previous were 1,070 and 1,369, rose in the last to 1,741—a number which exceeds the average of the season by 733. In the two previous weeks the deaths caused by cholera were 152 and 339; but in the last they have reached 678, whilst the weekly average is only 8. Of the 668 persons who have sunk under the epidemic 355 were males and 323 females, a more equal distribution than in previous weeks; the rate of increase is apparent in the fact that in each of the last two weeks the mortality from cholera has been about double that of the week immediately preceding. The mortality from diarrhoea and dysentery also increases, the deaths in three weeks having been 54, 100, and 146; while the weekly average of this season is not more than 84. The whole mortality from the three dis eases last week is, therefore, 824, and gives an excess on the average of 732, which almost exactly coincides with the excess of mortality from all causes as stated above. The diarrhoea was fatal in a large proportion of cases to children under two years of age. The in crease of cholera is observed in each of the five metro politan divisions except the northern, which comprises Marylebone, Pancras, Islington, Hackney, and Hamp stead; where the deaths in the week were only 7. But it is chiefly remarkable on the south side of the river, where the deaths in the last three weeks were succes sively 93, 192, and 443. In Newington they were 53; in St. George's, Southwark, 51; in Bermondsey, 64; in Lambeth, 106. In Rotherhithe the deaths were 37, the same as in the previous week. Typhus continues near the average; hooping cough above, scarlatina and small pox considerably under it. Two persons died of priva tion; three of intemperance. • The mean reading of the barometer in the week was 29.692, and lower than in the previous week. The mean temperature was lower than the average, except on Monday and Tuesday. The highest occurred on the former day, and was 83 deg. 6. The mean of the week was 600.5, less by 60 than in the previous week. NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 21, 1849. Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*lOO2 Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... ... ... 6 , 3 • 39 Tubercular Diseases ... ... 206 Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 117 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels ... ... 36 Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of Respiration ... ••• ... •44 8 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion... ... ••• •• ••• Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. ••• ••• Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &I. •. Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles Diseases of, the ,Skin, &o. ... ••• ••• Malformations... ... ... ••• ••• Premature Birth ... ..• •• ••• Atrophy ••• ••• ••• Old Age ••• ..• ••• ..• ••• Sudden ... ... ... ... 66. ... Violence, Privation, Cold, or Intemperance Causes not specified ... ... ••• ••• DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES ... ... 1,74 Population Average weekly Deaths Enumerated, Deaths, 1844-8 in the 1841 Five Summers. Week. West'Districts... 300,711 . • 147 ... 228 North Districts.. 375,971 .. 191 ... 235 Central Districts 373,653 ••• 183 ... 250 East Districts ... 392,444 ••• 227 ... 225 South Districts.. 501,190 ••• 260 ... 733 Totals... ..... 1,948,369 ~. 1,008 Males . Females ... BIRTHS IN THE WEER. Males • •• Females ... ... 1,74 ... 903 ... 838 ... 619 ... 594 Total ... ... ••• ••• ... 1,213 *ln this number are included 678 cases of death by Cholera, 27 by Scarlatina, and 53 by Typhus Fever. Mr. Wilson, the vocalist, died of cholera on the Bth inst., at Quebec. He was announced to sing at Montreal on the following afternoon. BRITISH ASSOCIATION.—We are glad to find that the arrangements for the reception of the Association for the Advancement of Science are now nearly completed, and that they are in every respect worthy of the distin guished body for whose accommodation they are in tended. The exhibition room, in Broad street, is now finished, and is certainly a very spacious and suitable erection, containing, as it does, an area of 2,000 square feet, and having a great number of windows from top to bottom. The facilities afforded by the governors of the Free Grammar School, by the appropriation of their rooms, will also be of infinite advantage to the com mittee. The evenings to be set apart for popular scien tific addresses, soirees, &c., have also been decided upon. Professor Phillips, F.R.S., assistant general secretary, has recently visited the town, and expressed himself highly pleased with the arrangements which have been made by the committee. We may add that nearly 2,0001. are mow at the disposal of the committee towards the liquida4ion of the expenses.—Birmingham Gazette. ST. SWITHIN'S DAY, JULY 15. If wet on St. Swithin's Day, it will be wet for forty days; but if fine, it will be fine for forty days.—Ohl Proverb. A friend, under the signature of Ecer.. ANTIQ., has sent us the following brief but interesting paper : The return of Sr. Swithin's Day, and the tradition connected with it, naturally lead to the inquiry, who was the Saint commemorated, and whence the origin of the tradition coupled with his name. The following remarks will help the inquirer to a tolerably comet view of this subject, and tend to satisfy him that that which is often considered a mere foolish proverbial saying, has for its foundation a certain degree of philosophical truth. Swithin—in the Saxon, Swithum—was descended from a Saxon family of rank, and was born about the year 800. Ho was a native of the city of Winchester. He passed his youth in study, and had acquired the reputation of considerable literary attainments, when Helmstan, Bishop of Winchester, ordained him priest, and appointed him president of a monastery in tha, city, which afterwards bore his name—the priory of St. Swithin. On the accession of King Ethelwolf to the throne, in 833, he was appointed Sub - deacon of Winchester, Lord Chancellor, and the King's principal adviser, both in Church and State. On the death of Helmstan, in 844, Ethelwolf promoted Swithin to the see of Winchester, at that time the metropolis of England, to which he was consecrated in 852, and in which he remained until his death, which took place A.D. 862-3. His remains were interred, according to his re quest, in the open churchyard of the Minster, but they were afterwards removed into the new church, at the desire of Bishop Walkelyn, in the year 1093. St. Swithin is universally esteemed to have been a man of exemplary sanctity of life and manners, accord• in.' to the religion of the times in which he lived. Many - miracles have been attributed to him, and these are referred to in the following very old versification of the lives of the saints:— " Seynt Swithin his bishopricke to al goodnesse drough, The towne also of Wynchestre he amended inough. ' Warton's History of English Poetry, Vol. I. Your readers will all be aware of the popular adage, that "if it rain on St. Swithin's Day, we shall have a continuance of it for forty days after." To this proverb Gay alludes in his " Trivia:" " If on St. Swithin's feast the welki❑ lowers, And every penthouse streams with hasty showers, Twice twenty days shall clouds with fleeces drain, And wash the pavement with incessant rain." The Scotch proverb is thus expressed:— " Saint Swithin's thy, gif yo do rain, For forty daies it will remain; Saint Swithin's day, an ye be fair, For forty daies 'twill rain nae mair." The following is the vulgar origin of this adage:— The Saint desired to be buried in the open church yard ; in allusion to which Bishop Hall adds that he wished his body to be laid, " where the drops of rain might wet his grave ; thinking that no vault was so good to cover his grave as that of heaven." This request is complied with ; but :some monks, after he had been canonized, considering it undignified for his remains to lie in a public cemetery, obtained an order to remove them into the choir, where bishops were wont to be buried, which was to have been done with so- lean procession on the 15th July. On that day, however, and for the 39 succeeding ones, it rained almost without intermission, and with such violence that the design was abandoned, as displeasing to St. Swithin, heretical, and blasphemous. This fact is sufficiently authenticated by tradition to be assumed as true, and hence the origin of the saying referred to above. But passing over this view of the subject, there is a rational ground for this popular belief; and philosophy may be brought in to aid us in explaining the con tinuance of an adage, which had its origin probably only in superstition. It has been well remarked, " though originating in the superstitious belief that the rain which fell at the period appointed for the re• moval of St. Swithin's remains was the result of super natural agency, this adage can only have retained its popularity from being founded in some degree, in fact or experience." Mr. Howard in his " Climate of London," observes, " the tradition is so far valuable as it proves that the summers in this southern part of the island were subject a thousand years ago to occasional heavy rains, in the same way as at present." Again—" Tee notion commonly entertained on this subject, if put strictly to the test of experience, at any one station at this part of our island, will be found fallacious. To do justice, however, to popular observation, I may no w state, that in a great majority of our summers, a showery period, which, with some latitude as to time and local circumstances, may be admitted to constitute daily rain for forty days, does come on about the time indicated by is this tradition; not t hat an y long space before often so dry as to mark d istinctl y its commencement." ' Mr. Howard as taken some pains to ascertain how far the popular notion is borne out by fact. The resu l t o f his i nvestigation is, that in 1807 it rained with us on the day in question, and a dry time followed; and the same in 1808. In 1818 and 1819 it was dry on the 15th, and a very dry time in each case followed. The other sum mers occurring between 1807 and 1819 appear to have come under the general proposition, " that in a majority of summers a showery period, which, with some lati tude as to time and circumstances, may be admitted to constitute daily rain for forty days, does come on or about the time indicated by the tradition of St. Swithin." In fact, rain in the middle of July, in the climate of England, is seasonable, and therefore t) be expected; and if rain falls on any given day about that period, it usually happens that it will also fall for many days after. Thus St. Swithin's Day is (fortunately for the adage) placed in this twofold natural situation:—first, that it occurs in a part of the summer which is usually rainy; and, secondly, that if it should be a rainy day, it is na tural it should be followed by other rainy days. It re mains only to add that St. Swithin's Day falls in the Dog Days, at which time the heat of the sun is usually the most intense, and which has afforded the following phi losophical solution of the forty days' rain, if it should ensue:—viz., that if a heavy rain falls on the earth at this season, the heat is so great that the evaporation is proportionately quickened. The water which has been thrown on the earth re ascends rapidly in the for i m of vapour; in the higher regions of the atmosphere is condensed; it falls again; it is evaporateorai• ias.end—bi evaporation, into the air again—it is condensed _ n the falls again; and thus repeatedly for many day , t" winch:, or other changes in the atintoisaphoeiree,dicmarirzsitihede clouds to distant parts; or rather,. heat of the season suffers the rain, when it has fallen, to sink into the earth. The writer trusts the above remarks will lyc considered in some m easure a rational and philosophical solution of t h e popular adage, that if it rains on St. Swithin's Day, an re will be rain for forty days after.—Bradford 1 Observer. .5 THE ISLAND OF GRENADA. —The Lords of the Treasury having been pleased, as signified by a letter from Mr. Ilayter, one of their Lordships' Secretaries, to approve of the arrangement s necessary to b e made, in consequence o f the repeal of the imperial duties of Customs heretofore levied in the Island of Grenada, and the requisite instructions having been issued to the officers of the Customs Department in that colony for carrying their Lordships' directions into effect, the Com missioners of the Customs have caused a notification to that effect to be made to the Collectors and Comptrollers of the throughout the United Kingdom, and the officers of the revenue in the Colonies for their government, Department at MEMORABLE SUMMER EX THE BRITANNIA BRIDGE At t OSS THE MENAI STRAITS. (From the Liverpool Mewl : At length one of the editors of this paper has had the ) a a, opportunity of seeing what has been so frequently, and, we may say, so fully described in our columns—namely, the different portions of the gigantic tubular bridge which is being prepared to cross the great chasm of the Menai Straits, and which is to be the medium of transit over that great chasm (at a vast elevation above the water), of trains of railway carriages, with all their enormous accompaniments of locomotive engines, pas sengers, and merchandise. Looking at the place itself, the very " daring" of the idea is absolutely startling, and we have no hesitation in saying that the progress of the work affords the most exciting scenes that have ever been witnessed in connexion with human enterprise in any useful pursuits; while the pleasure which is deriv able from contemplating its design and execution—em bodying, as these do, the promptings of high genius, the deductions of profound science, and the power of expe rienced art, is in the purest degree sublime. The com pletion of such a work will be the greatest mechanical triumph ever attained in the world ; but we say it advisedly, that it will not be when it is completed that the beauty, the boldness, and the extent of the miracle (for by comparison Kith other efforts of man it deserves the name), can be fully understood, and therefore duly ap preciated. It must be seen now, that is to say, while the details are lying about, and can be handled, and mea sured, and pondered over—one by one, as they lie scat tered over the extent of a village, a village created by the details, and to be hereafter swept away. These must be seen, and the truth must be perceived by the senses, that in this case it may emphatically be said " All are but parts of one stupendous whole." Stupendous, indeed, it is, and the present is the time to judge of it. Those who can see it during this summer will enjoy many advantages which will have passed away when everything is in its place—the foundries silent, Lite structure finished, and the traffic in hourly and routine operation. He whose imperishable renown will be dated from this extraordinary work (Robert Ste phenson, M.P.) will agree with us, we are sure, in the propriety of this observation. The descriptions given in the public papers of this colossal structure, though painstaking and accurate to an admirable degree, cannot do justice to it. Nothing out actual inspection can make the right impression on the mind ; and hence it is that we make the observa tion that all who can possibly/ lay aside other occupa tions should visit the Menai Straits this summer. It is a sufficient justification for any reasonable effort in this way, fur any one from Kent, Cornwall, or Cumberland —yea, from any part of the three kingdoms , or from still greater dist ances , t o say , "I am going to see the Britannia Bridge, and to return the next day ;" while from Liverpool, Shrewsbury, and other "neighbouring towns," the journey, out and home, may be accom plished by the Chester and Holyhead Railway in a ' single day, leaving four clear hours for the inspection, besides abundance of time for refreshment? We do not advise this hurry. The entire neighbourhood is too full of beauty to be thus dealt with, and steam excursions tempt the visitor at every turn ; but we speak of what may be done in the way of speed, if requisite ; and it is proper to add, that the assistants of the railway company are extremely attentive to those who wish to see and understand the great work in which that company is engaged, and respecting which we shall enter into a few interesting particulars another day. In the meantime, excursionists should away to the , Straits. THE CHOLERA. TO THE EDITOR GF THE TIMES. Sir,—Surely, the undoubted fact that there have been more cases of malignant cholera in Lambeth than in any other district ought to arouse the authorities in this bo rough to something like a❑ attempt to stay its progress, by demanding the immediate removal of those pestifer ous nuisances existing under the name of bone and soap manufactories, B.:c. If, :as Dr. Baly asserts, the spread of cholera in the Penitentiary is attributable to the ,ireadful stench thrown over the river from these works, how much more fearful must the effect be in the imme diate locality I In many courts and alleys running out )f . Fore -street, three and four are at this moment lying dead; and in Princes -street, immediately opposite the gates of one of these bone-houses, and within eight or ten yards of an immense heap of bones, three have died within the past twelve hours, all from cholera in its most malignant form. Where too, Sir, is the Coroner for Surrey? Deaths from cholera are occurring almost every hour within ten minutes' walk of Lambeth Church, and yet no inquests are held, though it is apparent to all what the predisposing causes are. Pray, Sir, call attention to these facts by inserting these few lines, and oblige your obedient servant, Lambeth, July 24. A RATEPAYER. ROYAL VICTORIA YACHT CLUB REGATTA. RYDE, JULY 24, 1849.—Three of our finest cutter yachts having:entered for the hundred guineas purse, and there being a spanking brecz from the south-west, some good sport was expected, and muck interest excited. They were started soon after twelve o'clock, the Arrow taking the lead, followed by the Gondola and Talisman. About one r.m. they passed through Cowes-roads and continued their course to the westward, and rounded the Brambles buoy—the Gondola one minute ahead of Ar row, and the latter two minutes ahead of Talisman. The Talisman shortly afterwards carried away the main haliards, and was r2ndered hors de combat. In the se cond round the Arrow carried away her boom, leaving the field to the Gondola, which arrived at 6h. 45m. at the goal. The second match was not decided when our report was sent off. The Zuleika was first in the first round, closely fol lowed by the Secret. Her Majesty and the Prince arrived in the Fairy at oh. 40m., and left at 6h. 30m. under salutes from the Brilliant, the Club-house battery, and her Majesty's ship Superb. Should the weather be fine, Prince Albert will embark in i the Royal Yacht for Po r tl an d, if muc h w i n d t h e yac h t ill only take him to Southampton. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, TUESDAY. The inclemency of the weather prevented the Queen and Prince and younger branches of the Royal Family from taking their early walks and rides this morning. Lord and Lady Bloomfield and the Baroness do Speth arrived at Osborne yesterday afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty and his Royal Highness. Sir Hamilton Seymour, G.C.8., was included in the Royal dinner party yesterday. The Queen gave a concert yesterday evening at Os borne. The following was the programme:— PART I. Duet, " 0 Edles Bild vom Steine," M. Pis chek and M. Formes (Don Juan) Mozart. Lied, " Die Wanderlust," M. Formes Esser. Lied, "Ob sie wohl kommen wird," M Pischek G. Prefer. Bagatelle and Lieder Ohne `'Norte, Piano torte, Mrs. Anderson Beethoven and Mendelssohn. Aria, " Still nocb dies Wuthverlagen," M. Formes (Faust) Schlummerlied Einer Mutter, M. Pischek Spenholta. PART 11. Duet, " In Sinnenlust so sinnlos leben," M. Formes and M. Pischek (Faust) Arie, " 0 Isis and Osiris," M. Formes (Zauherfiote) Lied, " Marienblumchen," M. Pischek Fantasie, Violoncello, Mr. 11. Chipp, " Souvenir de Spa," F. Serval,. Lied, " Drei Worto," M. Formes F. 'Cuckoo. Arie, " Ein Schutz bin ich," M. Pischek C. Kreutzer. (Das Nachtlager in Granada) At the Pianoforte, Mrs. Anderson. The Queen will hold a Privy Council on Monday next, the 30th instant, at ono o'clock, at her Majesty's marine residence, Osborne, Isle of Wight. Mr. Caprest, from Canada, had an interview with the Commissioners of Railways yesterday, at their office in the Board of Trade, on the subject of the Toronto, Simcoe, and Lake Huron Union Railroad. Sir Thomas Fremantle, Chairman of the Customs, had an interview with the Ch ancellor of the Exchequer yes terday, at his official residence, Downing-street. Dispatches were received yesterday, at the Colonial office, from the Governors of the North American pro inces. CRICKET. CENTLE)IEN V. TUE PLAYERS OF ENGLAND. The match was resumed yesterday at Lord's, and not withstanding the wetness of the morning, very shortly after the sun had burst forth the ground was again crowded by spectators, all of whom were anxious to see whether the gentlemen would be able to maintain the advantage they had obtained on the first day's play, so far as that play had gone up to the moment when time was called. That they not only did so, but that they achieved very much more than their most ardent e will f show. riends could have anticipated a perusal of the scor The reader will see that the Gentlemen wer on At this occ tera sion the victors in one innings by 40 runs. e the - mination of the play the final state of the score was thus: GENTLEMEN. Hon. R. Grimston—b Wisden W. Nicholson, Esq.—run out ... ... 19 R. T. King , Es q .—c Pilch, b Clarke .., ••• ••• A. Ifaygarth , Es q .—b Lill y whi te ••• ... 11 N. Felix, Esq.—b Itillyor .. s A. Arynn, Esq. — b Ilillyer ." ••• ... 21 H. Fellows, Esq.—b Hillyor •.. ••• ••• ... lE C. Ridding, c Dean, b Clarke . - ~U 2( E'q.— W. Ridding, Eq.—b Wisd G. c Parr, b Ilill Yonge, Es q .— not out en ..• ••• ••• ••• 1' Sir E. Bath urs t— *•* is • .. )er ... ... . B 14, w 0 Total PLAYERS. Dean, b Fellows Martingell, c lilynn, b Bathurst 4 s Ridding, b Batlinrst 1 Guy, cC. Ridding, b Bathurst 8 not out 25 Hillyer, sW. Ridding, b Fellows 0 b Bathurst .. F. Pilch, b Fellows 24 c King, b Bathurst.- 70 Parr, b Fellows 1 b Fellows ........... ... 1 Chester, b Fellows b b ci Tonne o n g ... e . . . . -. .. .. ........ •.•. • . • . 2g Box, b Fellows 0 ... 3 Clarke, cC. Ridding, b Bathurst 4 b Fellows Wisden, not out .. 5 run out .. 4 Lillywhite, b Fellows • 3 hurt 9 13 5,W 2 I B 7, w 9 — 192 65 87 The Gentlemen thus won in one innings by 40 runs. COURT OF A L DERMEN.—Yesterday Mr. Alderman La „,„.„,,, g ave bond to take upon himself the office of Sheriff of London and Middlesex. No other business was transacted. K; :z 7'; ty, 'URSIO. MIR alto• them ►e he not in e re- bad Placed more °Mi. !ceir- SUP° sUfa no lance In v the Lan if fore, ticee. hoofs d en- roved these m as Ile to ut to lob!. aken 3arly dish- don m ired on Lr ild he ch ry Its lie ye ~_ II