The Sun. — London, England, 1849-09-26 00:00:00

fourtDarilition NEWMARKET RACES. (THIS DAY.) (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH (Continued from our Third Edition.) The St. Leger Stakes of 25 sots. each. D.I. lipua •S • ... ~, ••• ••• Queensberry 50/ Plate. Sotterley Brandy face EAST INDIA HOUSE-(TIIIS DAY A quarterly general Court of the Proprietcra of East India Stock was held this morning at the East India Howe; Sir Archibald Galloway in the chair. The minutes of the last meeting having been read and confirmed, 'le CHAIRMAN announced that the Court of Di rectors had received a dispatch from the Marquis of Dalhousie acknowledging the vote of thanks awarded to his Lordship at a former Court of Proprietors. Mr. NIALCOLM LEWIN, pursuant to notice, then brought the following facts under the consideration of the proprietors, which would show that a great offence had l - een c )mmitted by the military authori ties of Madras, under the form of a judicial proceed ing —an cffence which calls for the condign punish ment of is guilty authors. The facts were thus briefly stated :—Seventeen soldiers of the 6th Regi ment Madras Light Cavalry were placed on their trial, charged with mutiny, of whom two were shot, one acquitted, thirteen banished for life, and one Pardoned on the following grounds (as recorded in the order of the Marquie of Tweeddale, the Commander in -Chief)—" I pardon private Mahomed Maser. I believe what he states in his defence, that the cause of his appearing forward in those mutinous laroCeedings was his having been desired by Jema dar Sheik Ibrahim to obtain information of what was going on amongst the Sepoys of the Regiment." The mutiny orginated in an order of the Government to withhold from the Sepoys their accustomed stipends, which, it was alleged, originated in a mistake. No one, however, has been called to account for a mistake so utterly indefensible. The effects of the mistake, which are appealed to in the defence of the prisoners, had been to paralyze the regiment (which was just ordered on field service), and to bring distress and destitution on the men and their families. It had re Need to desperation the S poi s, who refused to soddle their horses—a state of things which continued for four days, when on the arrival of the division officer, General Watson, the com plaints of the men having been listened to (to all of which the commander of the regiment had .turned a deaf ear), and the pay restored, the men "returned to their duty." This end being accom plished, the Commander-in-Chief, through his Deputy Adjutant-General, addressed the commander of the regiment as follows :—" The Commander-in. Chief has received the Brigadier's (Watson) letter of the 10th of December, with Major Lichfield's (the commander of the regiment) of the Bth of December, enclosed. The Commander in-Chief is happy to understand from these communications that the men of the 6th Light Cavalry have returned to their duty, and that they appear to be sensible of their late misconduct. But as his Lordship cannot allow the regiment, under the reproach of such unworthy and unsoldierlike beha viour, to continue a station where it might be re quired for employment on actual service, he has ordered it to be sent into cantonment at Arcot." It will be thought by some that the return of the men to duty, on the cause of discontent being removed, would have furnished a sufficient plea for overlooking their of-Knee, and that the Government, whose mis conduct had created it, would have been gratified to find an excuse for rescuing from disgrace and punish ment a regiment whose previous services and good conduct had acquired for it a high character and standing in the army, and whose error, at the worst, was the r e sult o f c i rcumstances w hich, were capable of trying the fidelity of the best affected. But it was as necessary in this case as in the case of the Judges of the Suddr Court, to find a cause against the injured, as the only means whereby the real delinquent could be screened. It was supposed, both within and without the regiment, that the letter of the Deputy Adjutant General had elesed the affair and consigned it to oblivion. Put any other construction upon it, and it becomes illegal; the Commande-its-Chief was not justified in passing a reprimand cn the regiment, if ha meditated ulterior measures against it, nor is it reasonable in belief that the men would have continued, many months after wards, in a state of quiet and discipline, if they had known that measure of punish ment awaited them on reaching cantonments. Be this as it may, the regiment, for four months after the letter of the Deputy Adjutant-General had been read on parade, guarded the frontier ; and during a period of nine months (before proceedings were held against them), the men performed their duty as good soldiers (guarding over the tent of the Commander, who afterwards appeared against them as prosecutor), perfectly unconscious of the plot which was hatching against them. Placing the men on their trial after It hat had happened, was not only iu contravention of numerous prece dents (too well known to need recital), but in direct opposition to a recent dscision of Lord Gough, the Commander-in-Chief of the army of India. Time question in a legal sense was of less importance than in a moral point of view : the mind recoils with horror from the fact that the aid of the men, who were afterwards executed by the Government, was received for tour months to guard the frontier; that the Government availed themselves of their services far nine months, while meditating their destruction. Two men were shot, and thirteen banished for life, for an offence committed nine months before a charge was preferred against them ; that, too, after the offence had been formally overlooked, and at a time when the regiment was in a state of perfect discipline, and when discipline prevailed throughout the army. Taking the lives of the men was not justified by any necessity; even the plea of the tyrant expediency does not avail; the facts disclose a wanton exercise of power, for which there is neither palliation nor excuse. As a legal question, the shooting of the Sepoys was without the sanction of law ; they were tried, coram non judice, by a court (which required thirteen members), com posed of no more than seven, a junior major being president of a court appointed to try an issue affecting the lives of seventeen of his fellow -creatures. The prisoners had not the advantage of counsel learned in the law to plead in their defence. With this advantage it is incredible that any of them should have been found guilty. The special court, held at Arcot, preliminary to the court-martial, had vitiated the whole case for the prosecution, and filled it with rottenness. It is not going too far to say, that the evidence obtained by the means resorted to would not have been received in any court of justice. The principal witness used by the Special Court and sub sequently on the court-martial, was, within a year of the trial, dismissed from his rank as a commissioned officer (to which he had been promoted for his services at the trial) for falsehood! and within the last six months he has undergone the set)• tense of a court-martial for a similar offence ! The real question is, whether the Sepoys were liable to be tried at all, after the letter of the Deputy Adjutant General; after they had done duty for nine months; and after they had been reprimanded, and their offence formally overlooked. This is the real question, which does not so much depend upon a doubtful construction of law as upon facts ; the result cf which it does not require the penetration of a counsel learned in the law to disclose. When the Government broke its contract with the Sepoys, it virtually absolved them from the obligation of service. The Mutiny Act, which engages the services of the soldier, guarantees the payment of those services. Is it the weaker I: arty only that is bound by a contract ? The Sepoy committed no violence; he complained that his pay was taken away ; he clamoured for food for himself, his wife, and his children ; for a habitation from which they had been driven, when at a distance of a thou sand miles from their proper homes ; he called upon his commanding officer to hear his complaints, and was rudely repulsed. When his complaints were listened to, and his pay restored, instantly he gave his services and "returned to duty." It is not to be understood that the men were at any time unwilling to r perform th e serv i ces of the Government ; the conduct of the concluded Gov ernment had deprived them of the power. by moving the following resolution : " That the Court of Directors be requested to take such measures as may be necessary to instruct the local gevernmeras of - India to insert in the Articles e of War for the native army c la use conveying . the sstroa privilege to the rieea army of demanding centies of the record ts is- now enjoyed by th d e European soldie r y un d er the Articlesof NVlaBra,m, e by the British Legisl a t ure on the 4th Oct., 4fBr Mr. Z-"rLIIVAN second e d t h e motion, and insisted that the whole proceeding: of the court-martial were illegal and unjust. It was quite clear, he said, that there Wa s one law for the British and another faordthiet natli e soldier in the service of the company, and was, therefore, imperatively necessary that this Court should withhold its sanction to the course pursued by Lord Tweeddale. The CuAram IN deprecated the introduction of questions like this, as it could be productive of no good reFults, but, on the contrary, might have the effect of producing dis..Afftction in the army in India. It was not neceis4ry for him to g-) into the facts of this case, but he believed that the course which Lord Tweeddale had pursued was wise, just, and equitable in every r es p ec t, an d h e hoped that after this discus sion there would be an end to this mater. No alteration in Barley. Indian Corn is still held firmer' but there ws sm:111 inquiry for it to-day. CORK, SEPT. 24.—Flour—First 13s 6d to 14s ; extra 14s 64 1 secoods. 12, 6,1 to 13s ; households lOs to I Is; thirds, 6s to ei ' per cw t. Oatmeal lOsOd to I Is; Indian meal tis 3d to 64 t'd; wbeet' meal, lOs ltd to lls per cwt. Indian corn 6! to 6/ 7s 6d per too. Bran 3/ :is Cd to 3/ lOs per ton. Hay—Farmers 2 , /s to 325; averag e 28s ; dealers 28s to 32s 0.1; averag e 39s per ton. St i aw — Faroe° 8s Od to `3s Od; average 18 s; dealers 24s Od to 00s OA; average 00s Od per ton. Bread—Wheaten loaf 6d to 6it household loaf 5d to bid per 41b. Fresh butter, 7 d, w 9J per lb. Eggs— 4s 10d to 5s Cd per hundred. Co als Newport 14s; Lydney 16s ; Landore 14s ; Best A r e'`7 Culm 13s per ton. Tallow 40s Od to 00s per lest Whisky, 25 o. p., 5s 9d per imperial gallon. fri es —Beef 4d to 7d ; mutton 4d to bid ; veal 4d 0 Od ; pork 4id to 5d ; bacon 7d to 8d ; sausages bd P er lb. hops 51 10s per cwt. Bangor slates 312 s 6d tf .?" ' I I, ton. Bark—B ar b ary 8 1 to 81111 s; Valonia 14/ t o 0/; ' , 7110 s; English 0/ per ton. Fleece Wool 10s to 12s psr gar , Hemp 31/ t 0351 per tor. Fish— Scotch herrings 17s to 18s; i l l ditto 26s to 28s per barrel ; Newfoundland Il+/ 10s to 12/ Pe' ton. Timber—Memel, 85/ per ton; deals, first quality. 18 9 second quality, 16s p s i. 100. Hides—M ar k e t Us to ids; salted 12s t o 18. per cwt ; calf ski ns 2d t o 2;d per lb. Potatoes, white s`d to 7d; Minions 00d to COd ; Guaeol . Peruvian, 111 10s; Ichaboe 91 per ton; Tar—Arch ang el ' 19s per barrel. NAVAL IA I'ELLIGENCE. PORT: MOUTH, SEPT. 25..—The royal yacht Vieb ) ,'' . ! and Albert was br oug h t d own to her service menrls today, to be c omp l e t e d f or the reception of ,131, Majesty and the Court on Friday night. Thee Fairy royal yacht was hauled upon the graving slip alongside the dockyard last night, to be in reedi' ness fur inspection early this morning by the Admiral Superintendent Prescott, and dockyard staff; 013 anti -adhesive substances, corm °salons, hiving bee n put on the iron bottom three months since, the Ms; tive discoveries of Professor H a y, the chylniez" assistant to the master shipwright, and Mr. Peacock, a gentleman amateur in similar pursuits. A three months' test having been deemed sufficient to discover the relative merits of the applications, today the ex: periment was o ff i c i a ll y reported upon, when the r esult showed one side (the Fort) of the vessel perfectlf clean and free from all impeding rubbish; an d the starboard side foul, with weeds and grass half a foot in length, presenting the appearance of a fine alppi , g field of grass—showing, in a light never before es hibited, the p ecu li ar an d striking superiority of th e chyinical assistant's invention over that of Mr. Pea" cock. The Elfin royal dispatch yacht, Master Commande r Bal!iston, having received a figure head and cutwatert which has considerably improved her outward apPear since, was taken out last night for trial, prior to being reported in readiness for the royal service. Commander Hewlett, of the Excellent, is, we believe, progressing favourably towards convalescenc e undi r the. assiduous treatment of Dr. Nutt. • Wind S.E., light breezes and fine weather. .7% THE SUN, LONDON, WE23NESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 26, 1849 ';‘ Mr. FIELDER would not impute sinister motives to the mover and seconder of this resolntion, but he did hope end trust that where it was shown that a court martial had acted with perfect legality, as appeared to be the case in this instance, there would be no interference with the conclusions it had arrived at, Ile called, therefore, upon the Court to negative this resolution, and set the matter at rest for ever. 111:ijor BRIGGS gave it as his opinion that, by law, the native soldiery had a right to a copy of the pro ce.edings of court martials before whom they had been tried, and should therefore support the motion. The CHAIRMAN said the Honourable Proprietor's view of the law was erroneous. Major BRIGGS contended that the execution of the men referred to by the mover of this resolution was a direct violation of the existing law, inasmuch as the court-martial was composed of nine instead of twelve members. Aftr, , r a few words from Sergeant STORK, Major OLIPBANT admitted that, no doubt, in the ordinary course these soldiers cught to have been tried by their peers, namely, 13 native officers, but by the law of 1829 the native soldiers had the option of the electing to be tried either by their peers, or by a British court-martial consisting of nine members, being British officers. Now, in this case the offend ing parties had made the latter election, and it was therefore absurd to say that the proceedings were illegal. • The CHAIRMAN put the legality of the question at rest, by stating that the opinion of the highest law officers of the Crown in India had been taken on the subject, and they were clearly and undoubtedly of opinion that the proceedings were strictly legal. After some further discussion, Mr. LEwIN replied, stating that he should take another opportunity of bringing the subject under the consideration of the proprietors. The resolution was then put to the meeting, and 103 t by a large majority, only four hands being held up in its favour. _ _ _ Mr SULLIVAN then moved that certain papers con. nected with the Sattara territory be printed. The resolution was as follows :—" That Sir Charles Metcalf's minute, dated the 28th of October, 1837, relative to the right of the native Princes of India to adopt heirs, in failure of heirs of their own body, and the papers to which it refers, tos ether with all papers relative to adoption made in the families of Scindiah Hollkar, and amongst the Princes of Rag poo'aum be printed for the use of this Court." The CHAIRMAN objected to their being printed, on the ground of expense, but he had no objection to the papers being laid on the proprietors' table. Mr. SULLIVAN observed that these papers would throw light upon the right of adoption claimed by native princes, and tend in some measure to elucidate some of the details of the Sattara question, and he hoped the proprietors would support his motion. Mr. FIELDER thought it was clear the object of this motion was to reopen the Sattara question. The CHAIRMAN thought so too, and as enough had already been said on that subject, he would put the motion without comment. The resolution was then put and lost. Some other routine business was then disposed of and the Court adjourned. HE HUNGARIANS NOT REVOLUTIONISTS. (From the Examiner.) The Times has boldly advanced another step in its arraignment of Lord Palmerston's Hungarian policy. It had the courage to inform us, on Wed nesday last, that the "increase which has accrued to the power and influence of Russia" is not to be attributed, as might naturally be supposed, to the Aus trian Camarilla which invoked Russian intervention, but to the Hungarians, who would neither tamely surrender their rights nor allow themselves to be beaten by the Austrians alone, and to the policy of the British Foreign Office, which, by its " persecue tion of the interests of Austria, contributed to send her as a suppliant to Warsaw, until Russian armies appeared on the lower Danube." Now, the doctrine here implied amounts simply to this. A Sovereign may violate his sacred engage rnsnts and annul the liberties of his subjects; and not only must his subjects not offer any resistance, lest tl.e intervention of a third power, dangerous to the balance of affairs in Europe, should thereby become necessary, but the Foreign Minister of England is bound to give aid, directly or indirectly, to the Sovereign so tramp ling upon the rights of his people. Our " persecution of the interests of Austria," can only he inter preted to mean that no British fleet aided Radetzky's operations, and that no British treasure was lavished to support the tottering credit of a Government pro verbial not more for its despotism than for its want of faith in pecuniary transactions. Such a doctrine of passive non-resistance, and of means justified by ends, is quite in consonance with Jesuit principles ; but will hardly find favour in England, Of course, in order to find some shadow of justifi cation for the conduct of the Austrian Government, every effort must be made to throw obloquy upon the Hungarian cause. Calumniare audacter semper aliquid ha?ret ; and most religiously has that maxim of the Jesuits been pursued in this instance. Mis statements are deliberately repeated, that the public mind may become familiarized to them, and learn to look upon th em as t rut h s . To reply to these misstatements, repeated as boldly 83 if they had never been refuted, becomes a wearisome, a Sisy. phean task. The "Hungarian Republic" is still spoken of. The Government of which Kossuth was the head was not a republic, but an ixterim Government, fur which there existed a precedent in Hungarian history. Not one document of any kind, no ordinance, no procla mation, is to be found in the name of the Hungarian Republic. The few (not many) thousand Poles who fought in the ranks of the Magyars were almost without excep tion Poles of the Austrian provinces of Gallicia, con sequently not Russian subjects, and affording no pretext for the Russian invasion of Hungary. We have no evidence whatever that Bern and Dembinski contributed to make the breach between the Hungarians and the House of Austria irreparable, by contributing to the deposition of the Emperor. After Francis Joseph had declared his resolution not to accept the crown of Hungary upon the ancient constitutional terms, his deposition was decreed by the Lords and Commons of Hungary, as that of James the Second was upon far less weighty grounds. Never has there been the slightest whisper that any thing like military terrorism contributed to the De claration of Independence at Debreczin. Had there been anything of the kind the Austrian journals would only have been too glad to make a handle of it. What the excesses to which Bern and Dembinski contributed actually were, we should like to be informed. We know what were the excesses deliberately sanctioned by Austrian generals; but we have yet to learn that the Polish generals in the Hun garian service did anything to aggravate unnecessarily the inevitable horrors of war. We observe that an attempt is being made to oppose Georgey as a patriot to Kossuth. We do not pretend to divine what were the secret motives of Georgey, if he had any; but his actions show that he did not " entertain the wonted aversion of the Magyars for their Sarmatian neigh bours," in so high a degree as Kossuth and the civi lians. He preferred negotiating with a Russian rather than with an Austrian General. We now come to a sentence which claims pre eminence in the boldness of its misstatements. "Al ready, in October last year, Hungary had kindled the conflagration in Vienna which rivalled the horrors of the Parisian days in June, when the Polish Bem and the Saxon Robert Blum conspired to over throw the monarchical institutions of Germany in the heart of her greatest capital." Fortunately, we have an account of the events of October at Vienna in the narrative of Auerbach, the accuracy of which has not been impugned. We there find that neither Bern nor Robert thorn arrived at Vienna till after the outbreak of the 6th October; and that though Bern was subsequently entrusted with a military command, he was tar from enjoying the cun fidence of the Vienna Democrats, or taking any pro minent part in affairs. The " conflagration in Vienna vi hich rivalled the horrors of the Parisian days of June" was nothing more than an unpremeditated emeute, in which one victim unfortunately fell a sacri fice to the passions of a populace infuriated by the knowledge of his perfidy. This was seized by the Camarilla as a pretext for withdrawing the Emperor Ferdinand to Oli n:Utz, for attempting to force the people of Vienna into a state of anarchy, and (although their efforts were unsuccessful in this respect) for bom barding that city. That the Hungarians had any thing to do with the events of October at Vienna, there is neither evidence nor probability. If any facts tending to bear out such a conclusion bad been elicited in the numerous trials which took place (among others of Hee zhnann, Pulszk) 's private secretary), we may be very sure that they would have been greedily published by the Imperialists. The tendency of all these misstatements is to represent the Hungarians as revolutionary in their principles, and as aggressors in their quarrel with the Hou-e of Hapsburg. Nothing can be more opposed to facts than such a view of the case. If the cause of the Hungarians " was identified, elsewhere, with the explosion of those frantic doctrines and acts of violence which had so recently spread terror and destruction through so many of the fairest cities of Europe," it was only through the misrepresentations of the Absoluti,t Press. The Hungarians have, in fact, In en reproached by the u l tra - Demucrats for not making common cause with th e revolutionary propaganda in other ( countries; for b e i ng unwilling to overstep the strict limits of l ega li ty ; and for grounding the jus tice of their cause rather upon the letter of their chartered rig.ats, than upon any imaginary rights of ma n. We :Lind no traces of "f rantic doctrines " of Communism, or Red Republicanism, in th e speeches of Kossuth or his colleagues. On one occasion oiely can the policy of Kossuth be said to have beam aggressive when at his instance the Hungarian' troops crossed the Austrian frontier on the 30:h of November, and engaged with the Austrian army at Schwechat. But if we examine into the matter more narrowly, we shall find that this act of aggres sion was necessitated by the previous hostility of the Austrian Ministry. Not merely had Austrian officers excited the Serbs of Southern Hungary against the Hungarian Constitutional Ministry as early as May—not merely had Jellachich been supplied with money by the Austrian Ministry as early as July—but on the 4th of October (consequently before the emeute of the 6th, which the Hungarians are falsely said to have excited), an imperial manifesto was published, by which Hungary was placed tinder martial law, the Diet dissolved, and Jellachich appointed civil and military governor of Hungary, with discretionary power of life and death. In short, the Hungarian Constitution had been annulled. At this very time Jellachich, after having been defeated by the Hun• garians, had sought refuge in Austria. It is notorious that tSe Hungarians long hesitated whether they should pass the frontier without a special invitation from the Austrian Diet. Whether the resolution ultimately come to was justifiable in such an emergency we shall leave others to decide. We shall only observe that, in the council of war held on the subject, the opinion of Kossuth in favour of the measure was principally supported, against that of the higher officers, by Georgey, who at that time held the rank of colonel. That the policy of Kossuth, had he become undisputed master of Hungary, would have been aggressive is a most gratuitous assumption. Till the period when the invasion of Hungary- by Windischgratz drove away every other thought but that of self-defence, we find the Hungarian Diet busily engaged in internal ameliorations, in discussing plans for national education, in proportioning the compen. sation to the lords of manors for the dues they had surrendered, and in similar pacific measures. " The increase which has accrued to the power deplored."' t isgene r a fi n l d ly i a n c fl k a n e o n w ce led o g f e ß d u a s n s d ia,' n ' o sa l y e s ss th g e en T e i r m al e i s y , But if we look at the question from a broad European point of view, and not merely as it affects English interests, we may ask what can it matter to the continental populations, whether the famous mot of Napoleon is to be taken in its literal or metaphysical sense—whether by the word Cossack we understand actual Russian sway or merely the general predomi nance of military despotism. Certainly the armies arid agents of Austria are no more to be regarded as champions of improvement than those of Russia. In what respect have Haynau and Windischgratz the superiority over Paskewitch and Rudiger ? This is a question which will naturally be asked by the parties mast deeply interested. If the " augmentation of the European ascendancy of Russia" is to be attributed to popular convulsions, to what cause are those convulsions to be attributed ? Clearly to a long , continued course of misgovernment, of which they were but the natural and inevitable results. The assertion may he ventured on, in faith of English ignorance on the subject, that Austrian rule in Hungary was not adverse to the liberty or the progress of the people: but few will have the hardi hood to deny that the system of Louis Philippe in France, or the Ecclesiastical Government at Rome, could tend to anything but convulsions and revolutions. The question was simply one of time. The death of Louis Philippe or of Metternich was variously assigned as the period beyond which a general outbreak could not be deferred. Matters have been somewhat precipitated ; but the outbreak was inevitable, as another will be, if things are merely patched up for the moment, arid no provi sions made to give security to the political fabric of Europe. " Whatever Russia has gained has been by the weakness of others, not by her own strength. To this assertion of the Times we most heartily assent, and from it we would draw the inference that the only effectual barrier to the aggrandisement of Russia is to be found in strengthening "others." As it would be impossible, in existing circumstances, to e%tablish a large military monarchy as a counterpoise (en attempt in which Napoleon signally failed), no thing remains but to develope to the utmost the in ternal resources of other powers; and this can only be done permanently and effectually by promoting the growth of those free institutions, which, as expe -1 rience teaches, while they secure material prosperity, are the best, perhaps the only, preventives of license and disorder. Hence it follows that British diplo macy, which looks beyond the immediate moment, should use all legitimate means of fostering the great principle of rational constitutional liberty, and should consistently refrain from any participation or con nivance in the plans of despotic governments. The name of England in many parts of the continent has hardly recovered from the raiscredit cast upon it by the complicity of Tory politicians with the floly Alliance • and what ha ve we ever rece i ve d i n return for this foss of character, but the blackest ingratitude on the part of those for whose sake it had been sub mitted to ? Already, in the last decennium of last century, did our great Whig leaders, Mr. Fox and the then Mr. Grey, Lords Lansdowne and Lauder. dale, warn the Tory Ministry that no faith could be put in Courts, end that it was the interest of a free country that its neighbours should be free, and now we are suffering in the crippled state of our finances, as well as our continental neighbours in their civic and social relations, from the neglect of that advice. In turning over the Parliamentary debates of that period, there seems a sort of prophetic irony in some of the speeches then delivered. The late Lord Lans downe, for instance, better known in history by the name of Shelburne, on the 6th of February, 1795, professes that, "with respect to the fulfilment of pecuniary engagements by the Court of Vienna, he had not any pleasing recollection of the past, and consequently no very flattering prospect of the future;' and so he proceeds to describe some of the finanieiai tricks of that Government—slight preludes of those which have been since performed upon a so much more extended scale. That by the old system of the Continental Govern ments the policy of Russia was controlled, we deny altogether. By preventing any real confidence be tween the governors end the governed, by preventing neighbouring states from arranging their differences according to the real interest of the people rather than the fancied dignity of the rult , r, that disunion which is most serviceable to the designs of an aggressive power was distinctly promoted. This may be traced more or less clearly in the relations of most conti nental states, but nowhere more so than in what regards the relations of Hungary and Austria. The intervention of Russia in one form or other, for or against the Austrian Government, had long been rendered not merely possible but probable by the suicidal proceedings of the Austrian Government itself. The Machiavellian policy ,of "Divide et impera" was carried out to its fullest extent. Class was excited against class ; race against race; and, as many races were connected with Russia by blood or religion, or both, they were led naturally to look to Russia as a protector. Nothing contributed more to this Effect than the persecution of the orthodox Greek religion by Austria. Whole communities were de• prived of the ordinary ceremonies and consolations of religion for a period extending through generations, On the other hand, Russia liberally offered the aid of troops to Austria, to put down the free debates o the Hungarian Diet. These overtures were, indeed rejected by Metternich, less infatuated than his reek. less and incapable successors; but the attacks upon the municipal institutions of Hungary were con tinued, and every obstacle was opposed to the repeal of those antiquated laws respecting real property, which were, next to the restrictive commercial system imposed by Austria, the chief hindrance to the material prosperity of the country. The great objects of the reforms of the Hungarian patriots were to further the material and moral development of their country—to do away with all occasion for the jealousies between the different races—to remove all the disaffection caused by civil and religious disabili ties—and, as a necessary consequence, to form a strong and united community in the great European family. By these means, not by the Austrian system, would the policy of Russia have been controlled. Such a consummation it was the most earnest wish of the Czar to prevent. And, accordingly, in May of last year, we find Danilevski, the Russian Consul at Belgrade, offering in the name of his master the Czar, as head of the Greek church, 30,000 auxiliary troops to the Serbs of Southern Hungary against the Hungarian Government. And this was at a time when the Austrian Camarillo had not yet thrown off the mask, and when such an assistance would have been an assistance against the House of Hapsburg. This, too, was long before either Bem or Dembinski had entered the Hungarian service. So utterly needless is it to seek for any other ground for the subsequent intervention of the Czar, beyond the policy of territorial aggrandisement con sistently pursued by Russia since the time of Peter the Great, and which made English statesmen pre vious to the first French Revolution, and Whig statesmen of the old school, even during the palmy period of French power, look upon Russia as the only state from Al hich danger could arise to tle liberties of Europe. Their warnings were neglected by the Castlereaghs and the Aberthens; and we have pro moted Russian aggrandisement and favoured Russian prestige to an extent that renders it difficult for a Foreign Minister who pursues the old British policy to repair the errors committed by hie immediate pre decessors. Ilad the Sovereigns of the Continent not been aided, eluting the war, by the support, moral and materiel, of England, the natural progress of free institutions would now have formed the surest safe guard of the liberty of Europe. Poetry is the key of memory, —Eliza Cook's Journal. AUSTRIA. Lenit ,erg is to receive a Russian garrison of 5,000 men, 6, id a habitation is beinz prepared for General SSCHEC , DAJEFF, who will reside there. The Vienna papers state, as the first result of the Confer nce of the Generals, that a corps of observa tion (1 0,000 strong) is to assemble in Bohen3isi, under 17;ne Archduke ALBEIT. STATE OF TRADE. (Fi 'ora the Manchester Guardian of this day.) MANCraRSTER, TUESDAY.—The market exhibits a continue d lifelessness and inactivity, both in yarns and goon's ; and although a slightly increased busi• ness may have been effected in one or two descrip tions of the latter for the home trade, it has heal so very par. sti l and limited as hardly to be noticeable, even in N. state of things like the present. The busi ness of the day has been altogether on a most restricted scale. Th. s Eastern mere hints are lying by, wait ing the arrival of the mail, which may be telegraphed any hour, and by which sellers are hoping for advices that may in some degree benefit them. The Germans are proceeding not less cau tiously than they del last week, in making their comparative.ly trifling purchases ; the decline which his taken place on this side leading their correspon dents to sipprei send a stiq further giving way in our prices. A good deal of foreign business is no doubt kept in nbeyan ce by this apprehension, but the very extensive supp Lies which ha ve b een sent to various distant quarters, within the last few months, are els.) an unqusstionala7le cause of our present dulcess. Al though, however, under these circumstances, there is as might be esc2ei it!d, a generally un4e,olirable bias in prices, yet skinners and tranufa tut ri do not reasioy agree to further concessions. stainer than do this, many appear determined to reduce their than 1. While cotton h as not declined more than 1. in the last three wesks—and th a t on l y i n middling Americans —yarns generally may be considered to have lost I. per lb , and goods still more in the lighter fabrics, though less in the heavier ones. The greater part of the spinners, and the makers of beery goods, whose trade was pre viously a profitless or a losing one, are now, there fore, in a position which may well occasion deep anxiety, and which cannot, indeed, continue much longer without forcing on the alternative just re ferred to. Such a measure is, in part, abstained from in the expectation that a renewed demand for yarns for Germany must shortly spring up, as the recent sudden supplies are known to he in the course of rapid absorption ; and another cause of delay in the matter is to be found in the fact that, with all the difficulties attending the sale of their produce, there certainly is not a very large aggregate accumulation of stock in first hands. ROCHDALE, MONDAY,.—We have had today less business doing in the piece market than we had last Monday, but prices have been firmly maintained. The wool market has been extremely dull, with little or no change in price. MACCLESFIELD, TUESDAY. The silk-throwing trade of Macclesfield continues tolerably bri.-k, the mills working full time, and there is a scarcity of hands in this department. The demand that has arisen for thrown silks, of some descriptions adapted for continental purposes, may have contributed to this; on the other hind, ma nufacturers, although fully at work, complain of the unsatisfactory sale of goods this autumn, ow i ng , , no doubt, i n some measure, to the prevalence of cholera, which has diminished operations generally. The dyers are getting slacker of work. HUDDERSFIELD, TUESDAY.—The market has been dull. Not much is doing in the home trade, and foreign orders are not very heavy. 'Wool maintains its price. HALIFAX, SATURDAY.—The inquiry for worsted goods is nut equal to what it was a few weeks ago; but the differenc e is not greater than might be expected at this time, just between the seasons. The yarn trade is very animated. The spinners are fully employed, both for home and the continent, but chiefly the latter ; and prices, especially of combed yarns, are looking up. The wool market is steady, though not brisk, and long wools are rather stiffer. Short wools go off heavily, with the turn in favour of the buyer. LEEDS, TuEspay.--The market is exceedingly dull, but manufacturers are still delivering to contract, and stocks are light. There is no alteration in prices. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE OF TUESDAY. DIVIDENDS. I n s he Country. J. Willis and J. T. Swainston,Livcrpool, rnprchants,Oct 18, at el( we, at the Court, Liverpool—J. Willis, Liver pool, merchant, Oct. 18, at eleven, at the Court, L rerpoul. NOTICE OF CERTIFICATES. In the Cuuatry. W. Sod.n, Gloucr, star, ship broker, Oct. 15, at eleven, at the Court, Bristol. By the Vice Chancellor, Oct. 16. C. W. Sturley, Norwich, cabinetmaker—R. T. Grundy, Bury, Lancashire, money-scrivener —W. Hut chinson, Sutton-upon• Trent, Nott inghamshire, scud crusher—U. H. Warren, Fawley, Southampton, surgeon —J. Cottell, Cowes, Isle of Wight, plumber—T. Wintcr, Nottingham, buil: 4 .er. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. T. Hammond and A. Murray, railway contractors— C. Court and J. Wolterithn, Manchester, machine makers---11. Gomm and S. E. Smith, Itiver's-terr,cc, Maiden-lane, butchers—J. W. A. Drew and-T. Tailing, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, malsters—G. .Nuthall and J. Linton, Kingston-upon-Thames, pastrycooks—G. Pos titrthwai!e and J. Hayton, Preston, Lancashire, stone mas ons , naggers, and slaters —G. Casson, J. Casson, R. Lloyd, and G. 11. Owen, Festinicg, Merionethshire, and Portmadoc and Pwllheli, Carnarvonshire, bankers—J. Barber and J. W. Field, Leadenhall street, East India army agents and merchants—H. G. Statilschtnidt and J. W. Ma), jun., Fenchurch-street, wine and brandy merchants —S. Dawe and S. R. Dawe, Swansea, Glarnorganshire, chemists and druggists —J. Mair and E. Burmann, Watling-street, bandanna printers and stock manufacturers—M. Jacob and M. Jacob, Wellington, Shropshire, tailors and woollendra pers—A. Ogg, W. Butlin, T. Howard, and J. Stenson, Northampton, engineers, millwrights, and machinists— C. D. Leigh, F. Leigh, J. W. Leigh, and J. Isherwood, Manchester and Coventry, silk, cotton, and worst. d manufacturers, and merchants —W. Whitaker, J. Ray ner, and D. Waddington, Sowerby-bridge, Yorkshire, millwrights—W. H. Smith and H. Smith, Boston, corn merchants—William Patten Hayman, Donald Al'llae, and George Potter, Burham and Wouldham, Kent, Pim lico, Paddington, and Whitetriars, limo burners and lime merchants (so fur as regards William Patten Ha) men) —G. Smith and S. IL Haddon, City, drapers—A. Bau mann and J. M. Kronheim, Paternoster-row, fancy printing manutacturers—A. Howe, T. Barry, jun., and J. Aladin, Newark-upon-Trent, Nottinghamshire, brewers and maltsters (so far as regards A. Howe)—R. Clark, sen., and IL Clark, jun., Portsmouth, provision merchants—F. W. Newton and Matilda Newton, Wire liscombe, Somersetshire, drapers, grocers, and general shopkeepers—T. GartiLt and U. Adsetts, Sheffield, scythe manufacturers. INSOLVENT PETITIONERS. Abraham Hill, Torquay, merchant's clerk. Isaac Johnson, King's Lynn, baker. Jane Carter, King's Lynn, general dealer. John Howe, Collunipton, Devonshire, hairdresser. Hubert James Holworthy, Wimeswould, Leicestershire carpenter. Aaron Nicklin, Walsall, Staffordshire, brushmaker. John Sheves King's Lynn, last a n d b oot - tree ma k er. Georg.! David Bpker, Worcester, news agent. John Bowraer, Killingworth, Northumberland, grocer. l'homas Lae, Birmingham. Eli Charles Moore, Acton Pigott, Shropshire. John Jones, Shre wsbury, Shropshire, coachmaker. John Lacy, Shrewsbury, ink and blacking manufacturer. Charles Horne, Northampton, licsnsed victualler. John Bfooker, Hurst-green, Sussex, carpenter. DAvid I rkess, Broughton, Lincolnshire, builder. John Atkinson, Boston, porter. S ,m Ephraim pa imfltlidounid Gloucester, Blacksmith. Westfield, Sussex, surveyor. Robert Hindle Preston, p l ovi s ion d e al e r. William Hughes, Mauchebter, surgeon. Edwin Alit n, Birmingham, attorney. William 'few, Birmingham. SCO ECg SEQUESTRATIONS. T. Smith, Blairgowrie, grocer and spirit dealer, to meet Oct. 1 and 22, at one, within M•Laren's Inn Blair go wri e. - W. Houston, OA Cumni.ck, Ayrshire, merchant, to meet Oct. 1 a nd 3 0, at one, w i th i n the C rown I nn, Ayr. J. Reid, Gl asgow, grocer, to meet Oat. 2 and 23, at two, within the Albert Tavern, Giasgovv. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOUIINAL. TI NlES.—The struggle between the Board of Heelzh and the formidable phalanx ref City guardians (some 80 or 90 strong) whom they summoned before the Lord Mayor last W(deeday, to answer for neglect of sa n it ary orders, is virtually this—Shall the saeitary gevernment of the country be for the future central or locel ? Shall the management of the public health be confided to a single metropolitan beard, constituted ad hoc, or remain, as heretofore, a branch of ordinary parochial administration ? The parochial party and their supporters protest against the cen tralization of sanitary control, first, as an unconstitu tional encroachment on the " free-born Briton's indefeasible right of local self-government ;" and, secondly, as an "impertinent and unwarrantable interference" with the sanitary operations already adopted by the parish officers—operations which, it is vehemently affirmed, have anticipated by their promptitude, and surpassed in their success, the dila tory measures of the Board of Health. The parish party are wrong at both points. The whole force of reason and the whole weight of facts are against them, as we will endeavour to show. In the first place, the interests affected by the jurisdiction to which they ley claim are not local, but collective. The management of burial-grounds, slaughter-houses, and manufactories leaving putrescent residua, con cerns the health, not merely of particular neigh bourhoods, hut of whole cities, and of the entire kingdom. If the effluvia of St. Saviour's burial ground, fir example, could be confined within the boundaries of St. Saviour's parish, so as to infect the air and the water of the recalcitrant rate-payers alone, they might perhaps fairly object to be hindered from cooking those necessary elements to their own taste—from working up their dead friends as an at mospheric condiment, and flavouring their water springs with infusion of mortality. So, again, if the Bermondsey cesspools and black tidal ditches stank only in Bermondsey nostrils, and fevered no other than Bermondsey blood, Berm: ndsey might perhaps have a right to choose whether its rates should be laid out in abating these evils, or saved up for subse quent expenditure on the widows and orphans of the cholera-smitten. In like mariner the churchwardens of St. Bride's or St. Olave's, if backed by their parish ioners, have poseibly a right to put 5,000 corpses into as many leaden retorts, cAl!ed coffins, and to distil these corpses, through tapholes bored in the lead for that purpose, i n t o car b on i c acid (the choke damp of miners), sulphuretted and phospburetted hydrogen (the rotten egg gaies), and other effluvia of the same sort; provided always they can show that these inevitable residua of the intramural burial trade fall exclusively to the share of those who enjoy the profits of the business. Every Briton is cock on his own dunghill, no doubt ; but on this indispensable condition—that his dunghill offend no one else's nose. If, then, it app ear th at the burial-traders poison their neighbours as well as themselves, and that parochial economists, to save themselves a sewer rate, saddle the whole community with a costly epidemic (costly, alas ! in more senses than one), it is clear that these sticklers for freedom practise the very despotism of which they complaim, and trespass on the rights of others while denouncing the infringement of their own ; and when, therefore, on looking in any school boy's chymical catechism to the chapter on the diffu sion of gases, we find it a positive law of nature that each gas acts like a vacuum to the others, and that consequently the volatile poisons which issue from the leaden alembics of each London graveyard radiate by an unresisted force of expansion throughout the whole metropolitan atmosphere, we arrive at a direct scientific refutation of the pretended local rights set up, and find parochial claims outweighed by collective rights of paramount importance. So much for the infringement of local rights and privileges imputed to the Board of Health. The charge is not merely untrue—it is the diametrical opposite of the truth. The accusers are themselves the culprits; and the Board of Health are but resist ing, by the means which the law places at their dis posal, and with the general approbation of the com munity, the unjustifiable encroachments of parochial trespassers on the lives and liberties of the public at large. But the parish party join issue with the Cen tral Board on the practical question itself. " The measures," they say, " which we have taken to pre vent epidemics, or to meet them when they come, have been better than yours —more vigorous, more timely, more prudent, more efficacious, and, above all, less expensive. You tell us to distribute monitory handbills; we have done it already. You bid us ap point house to house inspectors ; we have a sufficient medical staff as it is. You order us to empty our cesspools, to close our graveyards, to flush our sewere, and to cleanse our alleys. All this, so far as we think it necessary and practicable, we have done, and we refuse, at your bidding, to do more. The mor tality in our districts is not above a fair average, nor beyond what might be reasonably expected during an epidemic. We are men of business, better acquainted than you with the necessities of our own poor, and better qualified to provide for their relief. .You, who t p la re ri t i e i nd th t a o n be go sa o r d n . tar ,r y form as they ar e f r i vo l ous i n su b s t ance. %l 'e repel o r u e r f r o m r deerrB; a d r o e i n as re i rssrh t ore in your accusations--we despise your censure— we deny your a u th or it y — an d we set you at defiance. Do y o ur worst:' Such is the language of the parish party. Many samples of it have appeared in our columns in the shape of letters from the boards of guardians. Let us make allowance for its not, perhaps, unnatural vehemence; and try, by the test of faces, the alleged forecast, energy, and skill displayed by the parochial efficers in their sanitary eperations. In April, 1841, when an epidemic typhus broke out, and ravaged the country with rapidly increasing violence, till at last, in the autumn, it prod uce d f or seve r a l weeks fourfoldthe ordinary mortality, w h a t measures of sa ni t ary reform were adopted by the parish officers? What steps did they take to purge the air of those , exhala tions hich are the recognised vehicle of typhoid poison ? When, in the eleven weeks from November 20, 1847, to February 5, 1848, there died in London upwards of 6,000 persons above the avera ge num b er —an excess greater than the entire mort a l i ty p ro d uce d i by pestilential cholera during the whole 21 wee k s o f prevalence in 1832—what were the san it ary opera tions of the parish officers? What lesson did they learn from this frightful mortality ? What steps did they take to secure us against its return F When the influenza—that forecast shadow of pestilence, which preceded the black death in the fourteenth century, the great plague of London in the seven teenth, and the first terrible invasion of cholera in our own day —appeared with terrible significance two autumns since, and slew in a single month (Decem ber) 1,000 of the inhabitants of London, where were the vaunted energy and sanitary skill of the parochial officers ? When, in the following spring, the Asiatic pestilence itself, following its sure precursor, came travelling rapidly towards us across the continent, pursuing its old track, haunting its old lairs—enter ing even, in many places, the very same houses which it attacked before—where were our parochial strategists f—what scheme of operations did they plan while there was yet time to keep the destroyer from our shores, or to defeat and expel him when he came ? The parochial officers did nothing—abso lutely nothing. They left the graveyards festering —the cesspools seething—the barrels of blood steaming in the undergound shambles—the great mounds of scutch putrefying in the Bermondsey glue-yards. They left us all—,the poor in his squalor, and the rich in his fancied security—to be smitten unawares. And when at last it came, and the people were perishing by thousands, and the medical officer urged, month after month, on the parochial authorities that the plague could only be combated in the homes of the poor, by an organized army of preventive in spectors, what did the parochial authorities do ? They rejected the medical officer's counsel—they scouted his warnings —they even mutilated his reports; and only in the 15th week of a mortality unparalled for two centuries, did they consent to the nomination of the domiciliary inspectors—who, in their very first round, discovered the corpses of six persons dead without medical aid. Such has been the c , nduct of the men who claim to be entrusted with the sanitary government of the country. Do they deserve our confidence ? Shall we support them in their factious resistance to the lawful authority of the Board of Health ? LEWES SIIEEP FAta.—The September sheep fair was held on Friday, in a field opposito to the site of the new county gaol and s,utli of the Brighton turnpike load. The number of sheep penned exceeded 30,000; there was also a good sprinkle of lean neat stock and horses, and Mr. Thompson displayed a large collection of argricul:ural implements. The fair opened with a brisk demand for all sorts of sheep, but at prices about twenty-five per cent. less than last year. This was re jected by the flock-masters, who were prepared to make a lame deduction, but so great a sacrifice as that re quired could not be submitted to, and consequently the fair flagged up to two o'clock, when some few sales were effected. Mr. Hampton disposed of two lots of ewes to Lord Hastings and the lion. C. C. Cavendish for 345. A few lots of lambs were also sold at 17e. and IBs. Ai ter dinner some other sales were made at the following retest—Weathers from 265. to:30 .; ewes from 11, to 11. 145.; limbs from 103. to 25i., but there was a gene rally experienced what may be called a dull and heavy sale, arising from no want of buyers, but from a seemirg determination on their part to make no purchase, bet at a greatly retitle,- d rate. The sale of rams was rather brii , k.—Maidstone Journal. THE YANXEE.—An American has said of his countrymen that the genuine Yankee would not he able to repose in Heaven itself if he could not travel west ward. He must go a-head. Prophecy lotli forward to the time when the valley of the Ali4sissippi shall over flow with this restless population, and Europe be subjtet to a new migration. "What do I consider the bow,da ries of my country, sir?" exclaimed a lientwkian. " Why, sir, on the east we are bounded by the ri,ing sun; on the north, by the aurora borealis,• ; on th e west , by the procession of the equinoxes; and or tho south, by the day of judgment. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London New Price Current, Sept. 25.) SUGAR -To day tihi market was much better supplied with ft ee-lahour sugar, and as merchants were desirous to realise, prices gave way for meet descriptions. In consevenee of a reduction on former rates of 6d per ern havieig been submitted to for West India a good business was concluded in both grocery and refining .sorts. The purchases amounted to 950 hhds and tres, including at public sale 160 hhds Barbadoes, which went at 39. 64 to 41s 6d for fine and superior yellow, and at 37s to 38s for ordinary to good. Of other sorts 222 hhds 33 tres and 356 brls were offered, and sold ; Jamaica, fine broWn at 365, low and middling yellow 363 6d to 37s 6d, good 383 to 395; St Nitta, low and good yellow 363 to 3ss, fine brown 35s 6J ; Nevis, good yellow 38e; Tortola, low and good yellow 35. 6d to 38s, brown 343 to 355, and St Martius, yellow 383 to 39.6 d per cwt. REFINED.-To-day the purchases made in Refined Sugar were upon an enlarged scale still in the value no improvement took place. For Bonded Crashed Sugar the market has a quiet aspect, and sellers are ready to accept former rates. 11,1 euerreus.-This afternoon two parcels of Mauri tius Sugar were offered at public sale, amounting to 3,713 bugs; there was less desire to operate, and net above half sold at a &elites on last week's rates of 61 per cwt; prices ruled as follows :-Fine yellow at 39s to 39. 6(1, middling end good yellow 37s to 38s 6d, low 35s 6d to 36s 61, fine brown 343 6d t', 353 6J, middling and good 33s to 343, ordinary and low 28s 61 to 32s 6d, and low to good grey 34s to 38s. EAST INDIA.-This afternoon four parcels of Bengal Sugar were otFeted at public sale, amounting to 6,159 bags. The biddings ware languid, and not much more than halt found puichas: ra at a decline on former rates of ed per ewe For white Benarea prices ruled from 39s to 423, yellow, like Mauritius, 37s to 39s 6d, date, white 383 to 39, 6d, soft yellow 333 64 to 38s, grainy yellow 43s to 43s 61. Of Madras 842 bags were sold at lower rates; soft brown went at 30* to 326 6d, yellow 33e to 345, and low and middling strong 35s to 36s 6d. FOREIGN.-To-day the market for Foreign Sugar presented a quiet appearance, and supplies continuo to get larger. At public sale 274 hhds, 11ycs, 104 barrels Porto Rico were offered, and sold at a reductiou of 6d per cwt; low and middling yellow went at 37s 6d to 38s 64, good 393 to 403, and is small part only sold. MOLASSES.-West India has been in brisk demand, and former rates are well supported. The sales have been 500 puce, St. Kitt's, St. Vincent's and Trinidad at 15s 6d to 16s 6d, and fine Antigua 18s to 18s 6d per cwt; incited some parties will not sell ut these rates. Bengal Treacle has been dealt in with greater freedom at 15s to 15s 64 per ewt., and . on the part of holders there is firmness ; the quantity en offer is also less than is tLe former week. COFFEE.-To-day the market for Ceylon Coffee presented a quiet aspect. At public sale 133 casks 1 895 bags were offered; Plantation went Is to 2s cheaper, and Native barely realised the former value. Plentatien, good brought 62s 61to 643, good middling 583 to 595, middling 543 to 575, low middling 52s to 535, fine flue ordinary 48s to 518, fine ordinary 43s to 47, , , low to good ordinary 38s to 425, pea berry 55s to 60.; Native good ord 39a to 39, 6,J, and damaged 35s 64 to 38, 64; 200 bags Bahia were taken in at 363 to 403 for good and flue ord, being rather above the value, whilst 16 casks of Jamaica sold rather cheaper, fine line ord 48* to 49s 64, fine ord 43s to 45s 6d, and good ord 39s to 40e 64 per cwt. Tea.-With all sorts of Green the market is much better supplied, and there aro sellers at rather lower prices, still few buyers are to be met with, and the trade has a dull aspect. For ordinary and middling sorts of Congou there is still a brisk demand, and former rates are well supported ; the business con cluded in good and fine has been limited, and easier rates are acceded to. In scented and black leaf Pekoe few sales have been made, and there are sellers upon rather lower terms. At auction last week 35,000 pkgs were 'offered, and 10,600 found buyers, the chief part consisted of ord Congou. RICE.-Tc-day there was no increase in the demand for East India Rice, and at auction 1,350 bags Bengal were only in part sold at 94 for good white, being the full value, the rest was taken in at 93 64 to lOs per cwt. &gent; -To-day at auction 20 eases Beucoolen Cleves sold at Is 4d for mid bold; 4 cases Mace taken in at 2s to 23 2d for slightly wormy, and 3 cases Nutmegs at Is 64 for limed, slightly wormy. SALTTETRE.-To-ddy sales to a fair extent have been made by private treaty in rough, and at auction 300 bags Calcutta sold at 263 64 to 2701 tor soft grey 17f per cent refraction; these are rather full rates. INDIGo.-A moderate business has been concluded in East India since this day week by shippers and home dealers, but holders have been unable to obtain any ad vance on last sale's rates. Fur auction on the 9!li of October 16,691 cots are declared. Spanish is held for tortner terms, but there are not many buyers. SPIRITS.-East India Rum is offered rather at lower rates, still only small sales have been made at 1* 2i to Is 3d proof. Leeward Island met with little attention, and Is 4d to Is 5d is, the value of proof ; piitee have a downward tendency. In Demerara only small purchases have been made at is 10d to 2s 2d for 28 to 43 per ceet. over proof. In consequence of rather lower rates having been accepted for ord and good qualities of Jamaica a large business has been con cluded, and the purchases are 700 puns, &et, at from 2. 31 to 36 for 26 to 36 per cent. over proof. Sale* to a fair extent have been made in the better kinds at from 3* 21 to 3* 5d for 33 to 36 over, and favourite marks at 36 44 to 43 per gallon. Further advanced rates are freely paid for Brandy, end the home trade demand continues to be extensive; shippers hove also been again large purchlsers, stocks in first hands are much reduced. For urrival the demand continues active, and tally has again been pod upon t xtensive. parcels at this port. The value of Cognac best brands of the vintage of 1848 is 43 64 to 4s 84 per gallon, and higher rates are likely to prevail. Only a moderate demand xists for Geneva, export sort at Is 9d to Is 104, and tine home trade kind 2s 3d to 33 3d. nem is still no varia tion to record in the value of British-made Spirit, but the demand is not bri:k. Teeeow.-For Russian on the spot there is not a br:sker demand, and prices are still on the decline. Only limited sales have been made, and the rates ac cepted for fine P.Y.C. are 37s to 37s 3d per cwt.; these moderate rates are expected to cause a better gradual demand, as con s u m pti on i s getting larger. Home melted is quoted at 366 61 to 37s nett cash. Other sorts of Tallow are further depressed in value by reason of. large supplies. The parcels offered at auction were only in part disposed or; and amounted to 220 casks of New South Wales, which went at 33a to 37s for low to fine quality; 1,300 pkgs South American 333 to 36s 6d per cwt. For public competition on Friday 1,400 casks, &c. of Tallow are declared. Rough I Fat is quoted at 2s lid per stone. OILS.-To-day at auction 25 tuns of Sperm Oil went at 79/ 5s to SO/ 108, Ileadmatter 841; 120 tuns Seal, pale 361 103, straw and tinged 341 to 351 ss, brown 31154; 100 tuns Whale, Southern 33/, and Newfoundland 26/ 5s to 311. THE COUNTRY MARKETS. IPSWICH, SEPr. 25. We had a steady demand for wheat of fine quality :o-day, without any chat ge in value. Barley of InaWog description at last week's prices; other qualities 1s lower. Oats a shade cheaper. Beaus and peas declined Is. Malt and fl.iur slow sale. PER QUARTER. PER QUARTER. Wheat 36s to 45s Beans 26s to 32s Barley Oats... 165 to 203 Malt 4ss to 52s Rye.. ....... . 22s to 25) Flour, per sack 3ss to 406 AVERAGES FOR TILE WEEK ENDING SEPT. 22. Wheat 2,450 quarters at 42s ld. Barley Oats Beans 27 29s Id. Peas 6B IP 28s 10.1. R ye „.„,_,„ 134 24s 03. HULL, SEPT. 25. Messrs. Taylor and Bright's circular states, —We have had a very moderate supply of wheat from abroad during the bast week, and the market has been very firm, with is advance on best runs of ha sit red foreign. Of other articles arrivals are to a fair extent, and of barley large; for malting qualities the demand is exceedingly languid, and even for the finer descriptions of Said less money has had to be taken, while, on the contrary, for grinding the demand continues great, and at full prices. There was only a moderate show of English wheat at our this day's market, and, notwithstanding the dulness yesterday in Mark lane, our farmers were quite indis posed to make any concession upon the rates current last week, and such were generally paid for best descriptions. More samples of new wheat shown, and condition good; such was pretty free sale at 40s to 433 per quarter. The weights ruu from 621 b to 641 b per bushel. Very little foreign wheat offering, and of fine quality the st , clts are now unimportant; wo make no alteration in our cur rency, but the market is very firm. The remarks wade above as to barley are fully confined by the operations of to-day; malting qualities quite neglected; grinding free sale at full prices, and the market getting well cleared of late arrivals. A good consumptive demand for oats, as well as good beans, at our quotations, but peas are only saleable at low rates for feeding purposes. Fur boilers we have no present sale. Indian corn is selling at 28s 4801 la The linseed market is well supported and cakes are not quite so good to buy. Oor quotations for rapeseed, are quite nominal, there being no stocks. Rape cakes are scarce, both Engli s h and foreign, an d i n good demand. With moderate arrivals the bone market is very firm. The following are the present prices of grain : a. Wheat, English, red 40 to 44 Peas, white and yel. 26 29 Do. white Dan:zic and K o - !Linseed, Black Sea 4O 42 nigsberg 46 48.D0. Petersburgh ... 37 41 Pomeranian and Do. P.iga&Archngl. 36 —3B llamburgh . . 4O —42 Do. Konigsberg .... 35 —37 Danish, H o l ste i n, & Per ton. Friesland Russian and Odessa 32 34/Do. fine foreign ......... 61 lOs Oats, English ....... 14 11 Do. inleriorforeig,n ...... 5/ Os Do. 13 15 Rapeseed .. ........ 00/ to 28/ Do. Friesland l6 18Jtape cakes...Bss Od to 87s Gd Do. Russ. & Odessa 14 16 Tares, English ..... .00s —00 s Barieyo„,liing 2194 2 2 u %D u o. a l ri b o r: ........ .. ............................... 21)185 Do. grinding Beans 2B —3? Bones, do 85303 to 87 s 6 I Do. foreign s morning's market was thin, an d the extent of transac tions moderate. Polish and similar quality of foreign wt,eat brought the extreme rates of this day se'llight, whilst Baltic was a shade lower; Irish new acs also slow of ante, and 2d to 3d pr bushel eheaper. Flout was considered the same as quoted last Tuesday, but the demand not so good as on Friday last. Oats and Oat meal were without change. Egyptian Beans were held for is per quarter advanco. Peas also a little dearly MILITARY. Captain Levinge's company of the Royal Artillery, at Woolwich, will relieve Captain Henderson s, a t Portsmouth, on the 3d proximo, the latter retureing to Woolwich. A detachment—of Lieutenant Pat‘rson, 1 ensign, 2 sergeants, and 50 rank and file of the 421 OP' landers—will embark at Deptford on the 29. h instant in the Pestonjee Bomanjee transport, as a guard over 200 male convicts from Queenstown to Bermuda. Wooewicu, SEPT. 25.—The Minx steam-vess el fitted with a high- pressure engine of 10 horsep owe r, ana her screw propeller abaft the rudder, went down th a river yesterday, on an exper i menta l t r i a l, un der t h e charge of Lieutenant Robertson, with Mr. Casey, of Captain Austin's bran c h o f t h e steam department, and Mr. Taptin, of the factory department at Woolwicn Dockyard. The Minx ran the measured mile tour times, and the average speed attained was about foul; and three quarter knots per hour, equal to the speed obtained when the screw-propeller was fitted in the dead wood of the stern, where the rudder is now placed. The next trial of the Minx is to be made with a disc engine, but no material advantage appears to be gained by having the propeller abaft the rudder, though it is li ble to many objections, as it cannot iu that petition be unshipped, and owing to its project ing considerably below the bottom of the keel, it r an; the risk of being easily broken when the draught et water is barely sufficient fbr the vessel. It is also inapplicable to large vessels, as the flanges of the prO• peller would extend several feet below the keel when revolving, and the weight of large screws give a leverage when placed so far astern of the vessel that it would be difficult to support them. The In flexible steam- sloop, Commander Hoseason, is Ordl-Trd to be paid off here on Friday next. A number of the crew of the Fisgard are employed at present upon her, upwards of 40 of her crew having been lett at Portsmouth suffering from dysentery and other complaints incident to - their return from a warm climate. Four men of the crew were taken to the Marine Hospital here to-day, two of them owing to lameness. The Terrible steam frigate, Captain Ramsey, is to be paid off on Thursday, and will be again commis sioned almost immediately. The Bee lighter has been raised and taken along ! side the wharf wall, and the spare stores taken out of her. The labourers are now employed iu pumping out the water while the tide is low, and she will soon be put to rights without much loss, the materials being got out utitjured. The Archer steam sloop is to have her screw-pro peller reduced from 11 feet 6 inches, its present diameter, to 10 feet in diameter, and she will be again tried down the river -in the latter part of the present or early in the ensuing week. . CIIATIIAM, SEPT. 25.—The Calypso, 20 guns, Captain Henry J. Worth, was paid off into ordinary oa Monday, the 24. h. Neither her bulk-heads nor any of her internal fittings are disturbed. Owing to the. protracted illness of Captain Worth, that officer was taken yesterday to Melville Hospital. The Ma rines, consisting of 1 sergeant, 1 corporal, 1 drummer, and 13 privates, joined the Chatham division the same afternoon, and 5 privates proceed to Portsmouth. Lieutenant George Webb, the officer in command, belonging to the Woolwich division, proceeds to join his head-quarters. The Wolverine, 16 guns, was commissioned this morning, by Lieutenant Christie hoisting the pen dant; and Commander Maxwell Falcon, appointed to this ship, has also arrived, and proceeded on board this day. Commander Falcon was promoted from First Lieutenant as a reward for his conduct when in command of a breaching battery,_and in storming the stronghold, of tl:e rebels at NeW Zealand, with a party of seamen and marines from the Castor, 36. A party of tbe Royal Artillery, of the 11th battalion, consisting of 27 nif-n, in charge of Sergeant Barfitt, proceeded this mcrnirg to Tilbury Fort, to mount some new guns, &c. I INDEPENDENCE IN CONTENTMENT.—MiIeh as we imagine cur,elves surrior in philosophy and attainments to our continental neighbours, we might learn from them u useful lesson—that of being contented with less money, and devoting more time to the cultivation of all that n t i e vo tto e bte w heen o u or l re d dail b ni s e aer s dy a . v a e ff d iali i r n es makes lire worth living for. It was hoped that Rhea railroads absu w tt o e a r g) were made, ~en tgicri e I s t te o i, ro nm leisureuh chs grown with what it feeds on. Truly, the demon o fotre f f: u evli t r : f r elh9 e a s s t has entered into us, atAd we rush down the steep ph .tees to drown ourselves in a sea of troubles.—FESTlNA LENTE.—Builder. (ADVERTISEMENT.]--TIE EARL OF ALDROROUGH AND Hottoway's Pmts.—An astounding cure by this infraculoul medicine, after every other means had railed. See extract from WI Lordship's letter, dated " Villa Alessina, Leghorn, Feb. 21, 1845. Prcfessor Holloway —Sir :I beg to acquaint you that your pills has, ef fected a cure or a disorder in my liver and stomach which all the most eminent oh the faculty, at home and all over the continent, had not been able to effect; nay, not ever the waters of Carlsbad or Ma-_ rienbad. (Signed) " A LormaouGa. " These wonderftil pills wil I cure any disease of the liver or st o m ac h.—S o ld (also Holloway ' Ointm.nt) at Professor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand. A by eli medicine ven d ors t h roughout the civilised world. ness okflOrrn:nason. BIRTHS On the 23d i ns t. , at Littlehampton, Sussex, the lifarchio - On the 17th inst, at Dinan, France, the la 4 y of William Grey ttsqd., e, of o t a son. On the 19th inst., at Ringrcne, Tor, Devon, the lady of J. de Ccurcy Dashwood, Esq., of a son. On the 21st in t., at Bedlington, Northumberland, Mrs. Robert B. Longridge, of a son. On the 2 ist inst , at Plymouth, the wife of B. Pollock, Esq., of a son. ELosfadOiw:nathlr:td;rnh jljeals.2os:Eedsun,titlEivsitsci.to,.:faeo,tatEldaisaagsuto.hg,neoh.rftteaorns-ohnall, Staffordshire, the wife On the 22d inst., at 14, Aldgate High street, the wife cf en the 2:3d inst., at 34, Acacia•road, Regent's-park, Mrs. MARRIED. On the 18th inst., at Castor Northamptonshire, William Paley, Esq., M.D., of Peterborough, to Ilartiet, daughter o the late 11 illiam Simpson, li sq. of Milton. On the 22d i ns t., at the C a tholic Ch urc h. Ashbourne, Derbyshi re , J o h n H enry O'B y rne Redmond, Esq. , on l y son of henry Thompson Redmond, Esq., o f Killoughter- hous e, county of Wickl ow, to Emilia Georgians, only caught of M General Count anley. ---- a the 24th inst., of fever after a few days' 0 DIED, 20th year of his age Arthur, youngest' son of S. 1 1 - Croham, Croydon. ' Lucas ' On the 21st inst., aged 16, at Leamington Corege, of scarlet fever, after two d . .yst' illness, Lord Cat dross, On the ' oth ult., at. Varna, Adelaide Get. rgi Harry Shipley Erskine, illness, in the -Da Eliza, the infant dauwiter of Lieutenant-Colonel and Mrs.. Neale, aged 7 months. At Malta, on the 4th ins`., from injuries received in at tempting to stop a runaway carriage, Lieutenant Thomas Dinharn Atki:,son, Royal Navy, of her MajestY's shi p f Caledonia, second son of th- Rev. 'l'. D. Atkinson, vicar o Rugeley, Staffordshire, in his 9 Z th year. At Southampton, suddenly, of apoplexy, on the 10113 i! , at : P Lieutenant J ames ' Thomas, aged 614 late of her Maj est, " s 50th Regiment. On the t6th inst., at Margate, Mrs. Jane Earith, aired 59, wife of Jr.l Charles Earith, dy e ldest son of er, Go , w e ll-street, London. , On the 17th i nst. , age, - t4l 41, John Phillips, John Willi am Ll oyd, of Dan-yr-alit, in the coun ty o f Car marthen, E l ., an d l ate of South-park, Penshurst, Rent. On the fs t h i ns t ., Charles Que:ch, Esq , of Upper Joh n street, Commer c i a l- roa d East, aged 73. ____.......- --- :Anton : hinted and Published by BIURDO youNcit i gi No. 112, t . .;tiand, Printer, at Th e S un Office. O. j„'"; F‘trand, in th. P rec i nc t o f th e Bm-fly " in the eountY Dl:ddlesex, Wednesday, September 26, 1849. RAILWAY - s HARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, SErr. 25. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market opened dull th's mr:r, ing. and gradually became worse. We close at lower prices, with very little disposition to do business. The sales are—Bi:kenhead, L ancashire, and Ch es hi re (l a t e C . an d B .). a per cent. till 185 0, 13—Lancaster an d Y or k (M . and L.), 35 —Ditto, Fifths, Ditto, New Quarter'. London and North. Western, 11l Quarters, W 4 P. — Ditto , Fif ths , 1 % p. GA di4 Manchester, Sheffield. ' and Lincolnshire, Eighths, 3 Midland, 51—Ditto, Salves, 18 dis. Scottish Central, 18 %—South-Eastern an d i ver, (No. 4), 6—York, New ra't lA* and Herwick (G. N. E. Purchase), 6 Iper cent. till 13.50, 4% c. dis. MANCHESTEP, &I'm 25. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The transactitms to-day were as fel low : —Clitheroe, ereference (B), 17 q - Shrewsbury and Birmingham, Preference, S., 10—Manchester and Birming ham (C), Quarters, 1 5-16 p.—Ditto, New Quarters, izt 1). Dover (No. 4), Scrip, G%—ilitto (Registered), 5 13-16 —Manchester and Leeds Fifths, 5 . ;.;;, dis. Sheffield and Lincoln, 19 3 / 4 di s.— Lancaster and North-IVe,tern, 112— North Stallordshire, 7 3 / 4 dis. YORK, SEPT. 21. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The transactiAis to-day were as follow:—Midland, Naw, 11 t,', - -North- Western, Preference, :.t, ;l _yak, Newcastle, and Berwicli (Newcastle Extension). 12 ex in. The Gazette of last night contains a notification that the Privy Council have renewed, fur a fur they pe riod of six months, from the 28th instant, the enforce ment of the Provisi•tn s o f t h e A c t o f th e 11 t h an d 12 t h Viet., " ;or th e more speedy remova l of certain nui sances, and the prevention of contagious and epidemic discuses." IRISH PEAT CUARCOAL.—A vessel arrived in the river from Dublin has brought twenty packages of char coal as a portion of her cargo. ,~. I ]