The Sun. — London, England, 1849-01-03 00:00:00

- - - - - - - rim ) 4,1 I , ~. „ , _ r 4.4 *AY: • A , SITIUSCS AGAINST LOSS OF LIFE By R A.TTZP Tr k' cut NTI ii and GENERA!. LIFT. k_ 27, REGENT-STREET, WATERLOO-PLACE, LON ON INCORPORATED PURSUANT T ACT OF PARLIAMENT. At 'he present day, wl'en Railway travelling has become almost Un versal, protection against the pecuniary loss to which the families of sufferers from the accidents incidental to it are exposed, is one of the requirements of the age. To meet this general feeling, this Society affords to all persons, of whatever class, travelling by Railway in Great Britain ant Ireland, the opportunity of insuring against loss of life by accident whilst so travelling, at the moderate premium of 10s. per cent., is one single payment, for the whole period of life, thereby rendering unnecessary the payment of Annual Premiums, as in ordinary Life Assurance. EXAMPLE.—A. person may by one single payment of 51. assure to his family or others the sum of 1,0001., to be paid in the event of his osing his life by railway travelling in Great Britain or Ireland. F. FERGUSON CAMROCTIC, Manager. *,,,* Prospectuses and Forms of Proposal, and all information may be obtained personally, or on application by letter, addressed to the Manager, at the Offices of the Society, No. 27, Regent-street, Water loo-place, London, or of any of the Local Agents. N ATIONAL MERCANTILE FIRE INSURANCE SOCIETY, rOULTRT, MANSION-nousr, LONDON. Capital—Quarter of a Million. TRUSTEES. - - Orlando Crease, Esq. George Moore, Esq. Janes Peek, Esq. Peter Rolt, Esq. DIRECTORS. DAVID WADDINGTON, Esq., M.P., Chairman. ROBERT WILCOXON, Esq., Deputy Chairman. Charles James Jones, Esq. (William and Thomas Jones and Co.) William Lawson, Esq. (Trower, Lawson, and Trower.) John Mair, Esq. (John Mair, Son, and Co.) James Peek, Esq. (Peek, Brothers, and Co.) Giles Redmayne, Esq., New Bond-street. Ilananiah Teape, Esq. (Wiggins, Teape, and Loder.) BANKERS—Messrs. Glynn, Hallifax, Mills, and Co. SECRETARY—Juni:in Jones, F.I.A. This Society is established for the general Insurance of Buildings, Furniture, sferchandize, Stock in Trade, and other descriptions of Personal Property, against loss er dam tge by Fire, and offers to the public the following advantages :- 1. A subscribed capital, amounting to a quarter of a million ster ling, securing to the insured an ample fund for the payment of losses, and no responsibility of partnership. 2. Rates as low as is consistent with safety. 3. Each case submitted to this Office will he taken at a Premium, aczei•ding to its risk, without reference to tariffs which are binding on other societies. 4. Policies of seven years are allowed an abatement of one year's premium and duty. 5. Policies for a shorter period than twelve months can be effected In more favourable terms to the insured than in any other office. 6. Insurances are granted for loss of rent during the period of re instatement of damage by fire ; and a reasonable allowance will be made ter the removal of goods in time of danger. 7. AC. claims, when admitted by this Society, are immediately dis t hlu ;. ed. without deduction or discount. 8. Ail the permanent and solid advantages conferred by Companies • a similar character are secured by this Society. JENKIN JONES, Secretary. YORK, NEWCASTLE, and BERWICK RAILWAY. Notice is hereby given, that in pursuance of a Resolution of the Board of Direators, the Proprietors of "Extensions No. 1," (late York and Newcastle Extensions,) aid " Extensions No. 2," (late Newcastle and Berwick New) Shares in this Company, are requested to PAY a FURTHER INSTALMENT of 51. per Share (making 202. per Share paid), on TUESDAY, the 16th day of January next, at any of the undermentioned Banks : London.. .. Sir R. Glyn and Co. York ... • • .. The Union Bank. h Edinburg 1 . ....The City of Glasgow Bank. Glasgow Interest at the rate of 5/. per Cent. per Annum will be charged on all Calls unpaid after the 16th day of January. GEORGE HUDSON, Chairman. ROBERT DAVIES, Deputy-Chairman. By order, JOHN CLOSE, Secretary. • York, December 21, 1818. P UBLIC NOTICE.-EIGHT NEW LIGHTS. —The only geod Lights in the world—they only need knowing to be admired. The Diamond Lamp is the only Light that really*" gives satisfaction, its equal Is unknown ; its superior will never come.—The Vertical Diamond Lamp surpasses the Carcel Lamp of France in every respect.—The Pearl Candle Lamp with detached cup, &c., Is worth a hundred other Cantle Lamps.—To sell the ordi nary Candle Lamps Is now impossible.—The public have long enough been pestered with such rubbish.—The Star, the Golden, the Glass, the Ring and the Reflecting Gas Burners surpass all others beyond comparison. The lkietropolit in Light Company her Majesty's demi mions with Light supply.—The Public will have none other. The whole of the New Lights are constantly burning at the Com pany's Establishment, 447, West Strand, RICHARD CLARK, Resi dent Manager. FOGS AND DAMP AIR. BARCLNY'S ASTHMATIC CANDY has, for many years, been proved an effectual preservative from the 1 11 effects of the Fogs and Damp Air, which, in the Winter Season, rre so prevalent in this Climate. Its effects are to expel Wind, to preserve the Stomach from the admission of Damps, and to relieve those who suffer from Difficulty of Breathing. Prepared only by Barclay and Sons, 95, Farringdon-street, London ; and sold retail, by their appointment, by Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; Gifford, 104, and H. Burfleld, 180, Strand ; Johnson, 68, Cornhill ; Hallows, 2, lE4h-street, Islington ; and all respectable Medicine Venders in Town and Country. Observe:—None can be genuine, unless the names of " Barclay . and Sons" are on the Stamp affixed to each ~ox. FORTY-EIGHT and FORTY-NINE Another most eventful year Has ended its disturbed career. Time's clock has struck —the act is o'er, And Forty-eight is now no more. Scarce had the dawn of Forty-eight Been signalled by the dial-plate, When round all Europe, like a cloud, Dread elements were seen to crowd. Not only did our own blest isle Lose, for a time, its peaceful smile ; Not only did the Briton hear, The fearful note of " danger near ;" But every throne was seen to rock Beneath the social earthquake's shock. The mighty nation of the Gaul (A scene more terrible than all), Beheld a king forsake his throne, And seek a country not his own. Ah hapless France! thy land hath been A terrible—a fearful scene Adown thy streets where armed men rode, trth, a blond bath froaly flowed; While ye.ole' nearly all the civil world In dread confusion has been hurled. Few years have seen events so great, So marvellous as Forty-eight ; But happily we still retain Victoria's unmolested reign. Though civil broils awhile were heard, Our realm is now no longer stirred. Peace is restored—Britannia smiles, And order reigns throughout the isles. Commerce and trade once more revive, And promise speedily to thrive. NOSES and SON rejoice to say That still their Mart retains its sway While palaces and thrones decayed, They still were monarchs of the trade. MOSES and SON, amid the stir, Are firmer than they ever were ; And like Victoria, they can say, They grow in confidence each day. Nor have they ever had to fear The changes of the bygone year. MOSES and SON, in Forty-eight, Have met with favours snore than great ; And multitudes have lent their aid In every branch of MOSES' trade. They feel their gratitude is due For trading favours ever new. And action—better far than word— Shall liquidate the debt incurred. MOSES and SON, the coming year, In brighter colours will appear ; While all their energies combine In signalising Forty-nine. Their efforts to exceed the past, Throughout the ensuing year shall last. They could a trading tale disclose Surpassing far what you suppose. The capital at their command Shall place them on a higher stand; A thousand benefits shall show Thanks for the favours you bestow. MOSES and SON will prove to you What trading enterprise can do. While quality and price combine To claim your aid for Forty-nine. In all the garments you may wear, Improvem'nts shall be brought to bear. MOSES and gON would thus defray The debt which they have now to pay ; And doubtless in the ensuing year All efforts will be mutual here. While NOSES thus would study you, Your daily favours you'll renew. MOSES and SON request your aid, And trust you'll patronise their trade. " Consult yourselves," they say, " and come For garments at a moderate sum. Think what you've gain'd in years gone by, And grant a favouring reply. You never found them once contemn The trust which you reposed in them ; And when the present season ends, Still, still will MOSES' prove your friends. And coming to a climax here, They wish their patrons, far and near, A happy and a prosperous year." E. MOSES and SIN, Tailors, Wooliendrapers, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoemakers, and General Outfitters. for Ladies and Ideatiernen, 154, 155, 156, and 157 Minorio, and 83, 14, 65, and 86 Aldgate, City, London. Observe.—Any article purchased, ready made, or made to mea sure, if net approved of, will be exchanged, or if preferred, the mosey returned. eaali-a.—E. Moses and Son regret being obliged to guard the public against impostors, but have learned that the =tradesman like falsehood of being connected with them, er it's the same concern, has bees resorted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons. They have no connexion with any other house in or out of London; aid those who desire genuine and cheats clothing, &c., should call at, .411 soma to. Miseries and Aldgate, City, London. Notice.—ve business transacted at this establishment from sun liet Friday, till sunset Saturday, when busines is resumed till twelve 43'clook. 4-.... ~ , 0 V E is the leading feeling of the human a..s breast. Mere exalted than mere passion, it soars high above I very other impulse of nature, and is sot only stronger than avarice, b .at mere engrossing even than ambition. No man is exempt from is intlience, or can avoid its sway ; and business, pleasure, philo sophy, and divinity itself become neglected under the enthralling !power of LOVE, which, unlike most things, increases in intensity with time, until it receives the sacred consummation of marriage. - .Then union does not take place, however, this passion, this rvour, this golden tide of the manliest feelings becomes a deadly Pi )ison in the heart, which now darkens, as it before bright er ed, all things upon earth. Dow is it that men, of most un et .angeable habits, will change at the very altar, and after a Wa tt lie spent in the fulillinern. of every engagement, snap the very cen t: act asunder which should be most binding to an honourable mind? It is the effect of conscience. The Lover, by enervation of early lu tbits, or the results of secret disease, knows himself to be di squalifled, and dares not enter a state which has been ix stituted by Divine Law for the fulfilment of important et ads. The wretched condition of such a being must subsequently be Tt eyelid measure deplorable 1 Loving and beloved, he entails the z cost miserable disappointments on the object of his choice, and upon Instil a desolation the most horrible, when the simple possession of n Aural attributes would change the scene, and yield to both a life of 'alloyed happiness. The subject is interesting, and deserves the at tcntion of all. These desirous of investigating it will and the llest and most satisfactory information in the little work entitled SZLF - PRESERVATION, 13at 1 astrated by forty coloured engravings on the anatomy, physiology, Ld diseases of the reproductive organs ; with practical observe- IS nts SR the secret infirmities of youth and maturity, resulting from li tarY habits, excesses, or infection. D By SAMUEL LA'MERT, actor of Meslicine, Mat r i cu l a t e d Member of the University of dinbargh, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Mall, London, Honorary 21 ember of the London Hospital Medical Society, &c. This treatise is the result of a long course of study in a peculiar and ns itch neglected branch of medical practice, and the author having ob ta tried the highest medical honours, is a guaran t ee f or his profes .„l experience, which has reference almt ll treat lent R IVUNT or TRE La'Mert on the Infirmities of Youth and Maturity.—" There are telifesielfethwehriceshulatriesaeevt:dr diwsaisthtronuos? I cenes in the meets pe ll c a ta p to py r but the ienscienee ; I aortal who meets with e a timely mentor to snatch him from the gulf Ime which such scenes must plunge him In the book before us 1 uch a monitor is to be found, calculated to warn and instruct the irring, without impairing one idea that can vitiate a mind not al- I ready tutored by the vices of which it treats. It is written in a style of masterly precision and lucidity, blending the profoundest truths of a y, philosophy and physics with the loftiest precepts o f morality. production calculated to confer a vital benefit, physically and morals upon all who are tempted from the rigid path of abstemiousness and propriety. A father may trust it in the hands of his boy. E y UR • taught innocence the book is not, of course, needed ; but wherever laxity has prevailed, the tender yet awful voice breatininz in these I pages is likely to prove as strikingly beneficial as the admonition s of a homily blended with the practical advice of a writer on medicine.. - —United Kingdom Magazine. The work may be had price 2s. Gd, of Kent and Richards, 52, 'aternester-row Hannay, 63, Oviord-st ree t ; Starie, Tichborne a *red, Haymarket; Gorden, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Mansell, 115, 1 leet-street ; or, tree by post, for forty-two stamps, from the author's a esidence, who may be consulted on these disorders personally, or a y letter, daily, from Ten to Two, or from Five teEigbt. 37, BEDrauD-sCithtim, LONDON. _ s ' N0.17,558.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY ‘ r G SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. - FROM THE MORNING PAPERS Or THIS DAY. raettpTeonlrtMtioEonnSo.—tfhAethspeermoLgierggerisasslt a io t n ur v t : , ill it s oon be me p e s c s e e s d s a o r n y the to of the question. For our own part, we cannot think the case to be exactl y the same now as it was in January, 1847, or even in January, 1848. Since the former date half a million of souls have left these shores; and since the latter date this un exampled emigration has assumed the form of a sponta neous and regular stream. Nor is there any visible abatement of the locomotive furor. We may, therefore, conclude that, for some time to come, nearly the whole annual increaae of our home population will take wing. Of this annnal swarm certainly not less than two hundred thousand will be Irish ; and as, according to the common mode of reckoning, the natural in crease on a population of eight millions will not be much more than one hundred thousand, it follows that Ireland must now be undergoing an annual de population at the rate of a hundred thousand a year, putting fever and famine out of count. Now, this may be a gratifying fact, or a consolatory fact, or a necessary fact; but it is, at all events, a very serious fact, and a new element in the question. Artificial ingenuity is tender of interfering with natural operations of gigantic and unusual character. When Cabin was about to shove the cliffs of Dover into the Channel, the appearance of a natural land-slip would probably have induced him to suspend operations. He would have let nature work awhile, and then proceeded on her basis, lest he should find that he had thrown away his labour, or even done positive mischief. Now, here is a great slip of the British population, and so long as the wanderers have a land of milk and honey to go to, which they certainly have, we may be honestly and unaffectedly rejoiced at their departure. Still, caution, and even humility, recoil from any extensive and unnecessary interference with so colossal a movement. At all events, let us contemplate the fact in its various bearings. In the first place, there is the question of money. At present the British Govern ment does not assist emigration from the public re sources. With but few exceptions, whatever amount and degree of " assistance" is now given is from the colonial funds. The colonial paymasters have a general preference for English and Scotch labourers, as being better up to their work, and therefore more worth their money. Government, therefore, is not at liberty to apply these funds, and locate the depots for colonial emi gration where some people may think them most needed. It is merely in the position of a factor or agent com missioned to engage practised agricultural labourers, with certain limitations, and to pay all or part of their passage. Moreover, the fund is but small. What Government, therefore, does out of the public re sources is confined to superintendence, and to dimi nishing as much as possible the manifold casualties inseparable from large movements of men, whether by sea or by land. This does not entail a very large ex pense. On the other hand, any attempt to assist gene ral emigration must needs be costly. Government would not merely pay a certain addition to the present self- paid emigration. It would have to undertake all. Almost everybody in Ireland threw himself on the relief fund, and almost every one who wished to emigrate would throw himself on the emigration fund. There would be the same difficulty of discrimination and the same want of honest and efficient auxiliaries on the spot. Will anybody venture to name the sum of money which would not be required from the Government in fulfil ment of its pledges ? A million would be nothing among so many. But the country cannot afford a million just now. There is a dire necessity for reducing the national expenditure. Neither manufactures nor agriculturists on this side of the Channel will agree to spare a million for such a purpose, or for any purpose not absolutely necessary. It so happens, that for many years past there has been a continual succes sion of new demands for money. Every year there has been some new scheme for regenerating, saving, or pro tecting Ireland, and it has always ended in the call for more money. The money has been spent, and then it has been found that Ireland wanted regenerating quite as much as ever. What we say of spending, we say also of lending. Lending and spending in these days are pretty much the same thing. As far as regards the condition and prospects of the emigrants themselves, neither Canada nor the States exhibit thus far any signs of repletion. In fact, there is less complaint just now with a quarter of a million per annum than there used to be with a quarter of that number. For these twenty years there have been loud remonstrances against the Irish immigrants, who have been constantly described as lingering at New York, or other port of debarcation, as herding in courts and cellars, and naturalizing in the land of freedom the misery, the rags, atd the filth of their own oppressed country. The ope ratives of those cities have formed themselves into com binations against the invaders. Even Charming, in 1840, looked with dread to the increased inroads of European helotism that might soon be expected when steins had destroyed half the distance between the old and new world. " I would ask," he says, " what is to be the effect of bringing the labouring classes of Europe twice.as near us as they now are? Is there no danger of &competition that is to depress the labouring classes here? ' Can the workman here stand his ground against the half-fa mished, ignorant workman of Europe, who will toil for any wages, and who never thinks of redeeming an hour for personal improvement? Is there no danger that, with increased intercourse with Europe, we shall im port the striking, fearful contrasts which there divide one people into separate nations? Sooner than our labouring classes should become a European populace, a good man would almost wish that perpetual hurricanes, driving every ship from the ocean, should sever wholly the two hemispheres from each other." . . . " Per haps my fears may be groundless. I do not ask you to adopt them." They were groundless. Since Channing wrote these words the railroads and other internal com munications of the states have brought the vast interior within a few days of the seaboard. What were the back woods in our youth are now central states, where old men rest at ease, while their sons seek the far west. Everywhere, therefore, the cry is for more hands. There is no accumulation. The states have, indeed, complained and aiopted restrictive measures; but that was against disease and destitution, not against numbers. They very reasonably declined the costly and unthankful office of finding almshouses and hospitals for any number of our poor. Otherwise, there can be no doubt the Union still extends to the working population of these isles its wonted hospitality, and, in fact, demands their as sistance. The redundancy of European labour is as essential a condition of American prosperity as her own redundancy of soil and natural resources. How are the regions washed by the Mississippi and its tributaries— how is Michigan and the other lake districts ever to be peopled without fresh supplies? The poor mothers of this country often comfort themselves with the saying that " Heaven never sends meat but it sends mouths;" and never did the proverb receive a larger verification than at this moment. Just now, as half a million of out casts have drifted to the Transatlantic shore, behold a new outlet reveals itself. California is acquired, and its treasures discovered. A current of population and commerce has already set in from the American Fats to that distant region. It is computed that not less than 50,000 will shortly be settled on that soil, which will soon yield them bread as well as gold. The places of these must be supplied. There are now two coasts to be peopled, stud the Union receives at the same moment anew continent and a new population. Thus much for the United States. The emigration to that country we are forced to speak of as a fact which has its consolations. Loyalty will prefer Canada and the other British colonies. They do not complain of being saturated with agricultural labour, and there is still the same refuge for voluntary emigration. There is no apparent reason why a hun dred thousand natives of Ireland should not find on the banks of the St. Lawrence that employment, and on the shores of the Huron that fixity of tenure which they pine for in vain at home. The geographical and political circumstances of Canada prevent, and, indeed, supersede that minute attention on the part of the mother country which we can attempt with the remote and comparatively infant colonies of Australia. Quebec, Montreal, To ronto, and other thriving cities, are markets of land and of labour, where the emigrant can soon suit himself with land or a master, ac cording to his taste or his means. Canada is a self-governing country, with a representative Le gislature and Ministry of its own. All that the British Government can do with emigration to that quarter is to see that the emigrant is not forced from his native soil, is not trepanned by fraudulent agents, or is not exposed to disease, starvation, or shipwreck by dishonest shipowners, and is not landed absolutely helpless at the Canadian port. Once landed, he will take care of him self, and will even cross the frontier, and swell the anti- British party in the States, if such is his humour. We wish, indeed, that something could be done with the selection of emigrants. Necessity and chance now decide. The impulse which drives out a million will not discriminate. We have passed the opportunity of a really national emigration, and now find the movement beyond our control. POST.—We adverted, a few days ago, to the effect which would be produced, not only upon the United States of America, but upon the whole of the civilized world, by the new supply of gold from California, should it realise the expectations that have been formed respect ing its abundance. It would be a great error to con found the effect produced upon those in the vicinity of the "diggings" with the general effect of an increase of the circulating medium. The effect in California is to carry away all persons from other pursuits of productive industry to engage in the production of gold. But the general effi ct of an increase of money in countries where industry and traffic have been established is greatly to augment the activity of production and exchange. For this reason we, as zealous friends of the productive classes, have always advocated the policy of an abun dal ce of money, and of paper money, based upon good security, since that is a manageable currency whether as regards expansion or contraction, while gold is not. We hope the time will come when the eyes of all ob servant men will be opened to the dreadful evils in flicted Ireland pon by the a currency industrial community of Great Britain system totally unsuited to the wants and habits of the people, and to the pecuniary engagements in which every man who owns any pro perty, or owes anything, or pays any direct or indirect tax, is entangled, whether he will or no. We call the currency unsuitable, because it is liable to violent con , tractions and expansions, and is, in fact, sometimes con tracted and sometimes expanded, not in accordance with reason or judgment, or the cirounistarxes which fairly cell lor expansion or contraction, but in consequence of reckless, overweening confidence at one time, and in. sane, destructive panic at another time. And over these extremes, fearfully injurious to the permanent pros perity of the nation, and to the household comforts of the people, there can be no sufficient government while our currency is chained down to a limited amount in times of panic, and permitted (by means of bills of ex change, banker's cheques, and other devices of credit) to rise to any extravagant amount in times of reckless confidence. Bat whatever may be the actual effects of violent currents in affairs which occur now and then, like the currents of the air, and which cannot be fore seen or accounted for, there need be no question as to the general tendency of an increase of money to act as a stimulus to industry. They who may not be dis posed to take our word upon this subject will per.; haps listen with more attention to the opinion of Mr. Huskisson, who, in his speech of May, 1818, upon Mr. Tierney's currency motion, stated his views of the effect of an increase of money. Not only did he admit the great impulse given to the industry of this country by the increase of our (paper) circulating me dium, but he maintained that the gold which he set free for European uses, by using paper instead of gold, had produced a most important effect in stimulating the in dustry of the continent. The following is an extract from his speech as given in Hansard :—" The Right lion. Gentleman then adverted to the effect produced upon this country, and, indeed, upon all the continent of Europe, by the facility enjoyed by Great Britain of ex tending her paper circulation. It was like the effect that bad been found 1 ,0. 4 r ha Win the tiagovery of the mines of America ; for, by increasing the circulating medium over the world, to the amount of forty millions, it pro portionably facilitated the means of barter, and gave a stimulus to industry. In proportion, however, as the Bank of England had found it necessary to purchase gold on the continent to meet its engagements with the public here, the circulating medium of the continent was dimi nished,and as the continental states did not enjoythe credit possessed by this country, and were thereby debarred from increasing their paper currency, the result was dis cernible in the great confusion and deterioration of pro perty that had taken place on the continent during the two last years. Indeed, he had no hesitation in saying that much of the distress which had prevailed upon the continent was fairly attributable to the purchase of bul lion by the Bank of England. He then remarked on the great stimulus the increase of the circulating medium had given to the arts and industry of this country; but while the general appearance of the country was im proved, and its prosperity promoted, it was much to be lamented that the comforts and rewards of the labourers had been much reduced. The populatio n o f th e coun t r y had increased in proportion to the rapidity with which the circulating- medium had advanced; but though there was an increased demand for labour, its wages were diminished. This he showed by reference to the prices of corn for the last century. He stated, to show the im provement of the country, that, from the year 1658 to 1754, there had not been one Bill of Inclosure, and this country imported corn. There were, from 1754 to 1796, during which time there had been a rapid i ncrease o f the circulating medium by imports from the mines of America, Bills of Inclosure to the number of 3 0 500, and this country became an exporting country." The in crease of money " facilitated the means of b a rt er , an d gave a stimulus to industry.' , And yet the men who maintained this principle, which, indeed, they had learned to be practically true from observation and ex per i e the n c e, quantity deliberately o t money, preventingres fo r its diminish ing in crease, by limiting it to the quantity of gold which the Bank might be able to obtain. Instead of promoting that which they admitted to be a facility of the means of barter, and a stimulus to industry, they took an exactly opposite course, as if, indeed, in such a country as this, it were desirable to impede the means of barter, and to diminish the stimulus to industry I Mr. Huskisson was in error as to the matter of fact when he said that the comforts and rewards of the labourer had been reduced by the same means which stimulated industry during the suspension of gold payments. It was not so. Mr. Huskisson assumed it to be so, because prices of corn had risen, but wages-- and, above all, continuity of employment from year's end to year's end—had increased in a much larger propor tion than the price of the necessaries of life. It is since the resumption of gold payments that the condition of the British labouring classes has sunk. Gold payments have produced this injury, because of the scarceness of phi compared with the great need for money at certain junctures when confidence in the ordinary devices of credit has been suspended. But if gold become abun dant enough to answer all purposes of money through out the world, and to be accessible even in times when money is most required, then, perhaps, the avaricious bigotry which of late years has done so much evil by restrietink the amount of money to the amount of gold is about to be corrected by a providential interposition of that wisdom which is above man's wisdom. ADVERTISER.—Two days of the new year have passed away. It is to be hoped, that the earnest they afford, so far as we can judge, of a prosperous state of things for a long time to come, will not be belied by the future. The reports from the manufacturing districts are written in an increasingly hopeful spirit. All are looking forward in Lancashire, and the other great marts of industry, to a marked increase in the extent and re munerative character of our commercial transactions. The public securities, railway shares, and joint-stock property of every description, have risen considerably during the two days of the new year which have already elapsed. And this i m p rovemen t, we feel assured, is but the precursor of a state of more material prosperity as the year rolls on. We do not see how it can be otherwise. The Bank of England is at present in a much stronger position than it was ever known to be before. It has upwards of 15,000,0001. in bullion in its vaults, with the certainty of continued additions for some time to come. Its reserve of notes exceeds 11 ,000,0001. It holds a comparatively s m a ll a mount of bills, and con sequently its risk of losses front bad debts, is propor tionably diminished. C o r n i s c heap, and certainly will not be dearer during the next eight months. The probability lies in the opposite direction. It will most likely be cheaper. All other descriptions of produce which enter most largely into the consumption of the masses are also procurable at exceedingly moderate prices. Cotton, too, is well ascertained to be more than an average crop, both as regards quantity and quality. Its cheapness and abundant supply are ,therefore, also In sured for twelve months to come. Here, then, we have the two great elements of national prosperity—cheap food and abundant employment. Both these blessings are enjoyed at present. Hence the favourable position of the revenue. Nor can we, in estimating the probable state of matters for th e f u t ure , a ttach too muchim portance to the fact, that all the stocks of our manufac turers at home, and of our merchants abroad, are at present at the very lowest point consistent with being in a position to meet the demands of coaeumers. There is, moreover, an ab sence o f a ll specu lation in railway and other jeina stock companies. No new schemes are before the public, and none will be brought forward for some time to come. The railway calls, which have ope rated so injuriously on the money market and our trad ing concern. for the last three years, have well nigh run their course. After the present month, when they have always been unduly heavy, we have no idea that they will average much more th an 1,000,000/. monthly, in which case we shall hear no more of their being of an onerous character. Another circumstance which will have a most beneficial effect hereafter on the commercial and financial prosperity of the country, is the extent to which our national expenditure will be reduced in the approaching session. We assume this as a matter of course. It is a contingency which must come. Nothing can prevent it. The reduction will inspire confidence. Whatever may be its amount, it must needs have a beneficial effect. It will be looked on by the country as the turning over a new leaf in the administration of the national finances— as the commencement of a course of economy which will be continued until the national expenditure is re duced to the utmost extent, compatible with the effi ciency of the various departments of the public service. There is another element of prosp e rity w hi c h h as not yet attracted that attention to which its importance en tiths it. We refer to the golden h arvest wh i ch i s now being reaped in California. It is erroneously supposed, that because the territory in which the discovery has been made belongs to the United St ates, t h ey w ill b e the only gainers. It Is surprising that so great a mis take could be so general a 3 we know it is. En g land will derive immense advantages from th e di scovery. Enor mous quantities of Calitornia gold w ill soon f i nd the i r way to directlyt i s fcountry,rom us in the neighbourhood of the gold in return for our goods, either pur chasedregion, or through the merchants of the United States. But by whatever means the gold comes, whether di rectly or indirectly, come it will. The bullion of the whole world, seems, indeed, to be now i n course of i nflux to our shores. The large arrivals of the precious metals in England which may be expected to be the immediate result of the discoveries in California, must exercise a beneficial influence on trade and commerce, a n d - caus e a great advance in the price of. Consols and railway shares. The merest tyro in political economy knows the influence on trade and on the prices of all classes of public securities, which an abundance of money always exerts. This is the case . even wh ere t h e currency i s principally paper, but , t must be much more so when California, if the fields prove as productive as generally repr esente d , w ill beyif expect to derive the circulation consists chiefly of the precious metals, gold being the standard of value in all ci v ili ze d countr i es . from Th t The benefithe discovery which this of s c o o l u d n t i r n y nearly equal to what might be anticipat e d f rom a repea l of the Bank Charter Act of 1844. California will prac tically do for England what the Government and Legisla ture have hitherto refused to do —repeal that mischievous measure. The only circumstance which may be regarded as wearing a sombre aspect Germany, our fut ure prospects, i s the state of the Continent. France, —ereaany, Italy, and other countries, are considered by most persons as being still in an unsettled condition. In a certain sense they are. Still, there can be little doubt, that the tendency is towards stability. 'But, be this as it may, one thing is certain, that England's prosperity or a d vers i ty, the rise or fall of the funds and railway shares will not, in future, be so much influenced by the state of aff a i rs on th e Con tinent as they have hitherto been. We now understand these things better than we did. We feel that our in stitutions are safe, however great may be the convul sions and changes in neighbouring countries, We are, PUBLICATIONS. NEW WORK BY MISS ➢iARTINEAU. Just published, in small Svo., price 6s. cloth, HOUSEHOLD EDUCATION. By HARRIET MARTINEAU. Also, 1. Miss Martineau's Eastern Life, Present and Past. 3 vols. 31s. Gd. 2. Life in the Sick Room. Essays by an Invalid, Seco Edi tion. ss. Edward Moxon, Dover-street. NEW LIBRARY EDITION OF "CURIOSITIES OF LITERATURE." Just published, in 3 vols. post Bvo., price 425. cloth, I)ISRAELI'S CURIOSITIES of LITERATURE, with a Yiew of the Life and Writings of the Author. BY his Son, B. DISRAELI, Esq., M.P. Edward Mat:on, Dover-street. LIFE AND LETTERS OF CAMPBELL. Just published, in 3 vols. Bvo., price 45s cloth, LIFE & LETTERS of THOMAS CAMPBELL. Edited by Dr. Wit. BEATTIE, one of his Executors. Also, 1. Final Memorials of Charles Lamb. Edited by T. N. Talfonrd. vols. ISt. 2. Lire and Letters of John Keats. Edited by R. M. Milnes. 2 vols. 14s. Edward Moson, Dover-street. FINANCIAL REFORM ASSOCIATION. This day is published, price Threepence, ETTER, to ROBERTSON GLADSTONE, ILA Esq., on the Publications of the Financial Reform Association. London: Effingham Wilson, Royal Exchange. IFE ASSURANCE.—Parties desirous of As . suring their Lives with the greatest security and at the least pos sible ',resent outlay, and with the utmost future gain, or of profitably investing their savings, are advised, before they decide upon so impor tant a matter, in which their future comfort and the happiness of those near and dear to them are concerned, to consult THE REPORTER , AND ASSURANCE AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES' CHRONICLE, Edited by JAMES IRVING SCOTT, Published Monthly, by W. Strange, 21, Paternoster-row, price 3d., by post 4d., which contains full and exclusive reports of the proceed ings, and detailed announcements of the plans of all the leading As surance CoL.panies. Delivered in any part of London for 3a., and posted to the country for 4s. a year, which may be remitted in post age stamps. Parties wishing to Assure are advised by private letter for a small fee. CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS. THE ROY AL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION, REGENT-STREET. A Lecture on the Popular Subject of the Electrio Light, by Dr. flachhoffner on Tuesday, Thursday, and Waturday Evenings.—Po pular Lectures on Chemistry, with brilliant Experiments, by Dr. Ryan, daily, and en the Evenings of Monday, Wednesday, and Fri day.—First Exhibition of an entirely new Series of Dissolving Views In Mexico and Switzerland, with historical descriptions.—Childe's Phantasmagoria, with very curious new effects, Mornings and Eve nings —Microscope at Oafs o'clock daily.— New Chromatropo.— Diver and Diving-bell.—Working Models explalned.—Musie di rected by I , r. Wallis. Open daily from Eleven to Five , and in the Evenings (including Saturday) from Seven till Half-past Tea. Admission Is.—Schools ,Half--price.—The New Catalogue, Is. TN consequence of the great rush of Visitors to see BANVARD'S GRAND NOTING PAINTING of the MIS SISSIPPI and 'MISSOURI RIVERS, at the EGYP fIAN HALL, Piccadilly, the Proprietor respectfully announces Two Exhibitions every day during the holidays. Thi. , immense Painting is the Largest in the World, and exhibits more than 3,000 miles of Ameri can scenery.—The Day exhibition will comments every Afternoon, at Half-past Two, and the Evening at Half-past Seven o'clock; doors open half an hour before commencing. Admission, lower seats, 2s. ; gallery, Is. PTIHE ALBERT NIGHT LIGHTS are the best. Price 6d. per Box . Sold everywhere. ORNAMENTAL CLOCKS.—Recently received from Paris an unusual large variety of Fourteen-day CLOCKS, to strike the hours and half-hours, in ormolu, marble, and china. The designs are pastoral and historical, and include a few of great merit, In the style of Louis XIV. The price is four, five, and seven guineas each, and upwards. A. B. SAVORY and SONS, 9, Cornhill, London, opposite the statue of the Duke of Wellington. Illustrated by 2(3 Anatomical Coloured Engraving on steel. )N PHYSICACDISQUALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA CITY AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. . . .ew Edition, enlarged to 126 pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or h. nest, direct from the Establishment, 35. 6d. in postage stamps, THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on the infirmities aid decay et the generative system, from ex essrre indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury, with remarks en Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis inalificatiens. Illustrated by 26 Celenreal Engravings. Ay R. and L. PERKY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 12, Berners-street, Ox ford-street, London. Published by the Authors : sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-rew Elannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; Stalls, 23, Titchborne-street, Haymarket; and Gordon, 146, Leaden hall-street. rear I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive argans, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings. PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive indul gence, and their lamentable effects en the system, producing mental sad bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity. Illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings. PANT 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in the primary or secondm7, form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. This section is illustrated 'ay Seventeen Coloured Eng' a•Ligs. _ _ PAST IV. contains a Prescription for the Prevention of Disease by a simple application, by which the danger of infection Is-ob viated. This Important part of the Work should not escape the eader's notice. rear T. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its duties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and he whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. TnsCoantar. Blast OF ST - STAMM is exclusively employed in treat ag nervous and sexual debility, impotence, Esc., 1i I. and 335. per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the blood in eases of infection, secondary symp cents, eruptions, and the abase of mercury, I Is. and 335. per bottle. Perry% Purifying :Specific Pills, 9s. 9,1., 4s. 6d., and Ills. per box, a certain remedy for gonorrhoea, elect, stricture, and chronic inflairima- Von of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter. 11. A minute retail of the case is required : age, habits, and position in society. m. Packets, with advice, to be and at the Establishment only, by which the fee, 1., is saved. Messrs. Perry, Surgeons, are in atten danes daily at 19, lteraers-street, Oxford-street, London, free, W- Inn till Two, and Five to light : on Sandays from Eleven to One. A It R I A G E. Ni. One half the eyelid are desolately single, and the other 4upposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a iense of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em- W..tter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un ?oseprosing harry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity, ind broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness and social content. The dowry should net be the only marriage set tlement. Honour and justicedemand tkat health should firm an item In the compact; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes er neglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if hose surmises concern yea, procure Dr. CULVEItWELL'S little EMOIRS "On Single and Married Life, " pub. in 2 vols., is. -acla (by east, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively refined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered o. misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining , em. They are not intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, but er the closet perusal of those mere deeply interested, to whom : ,- sy are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or ogether, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other ;Me publications claim your attention (same price is. oack, ay post is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and kveid," and " How to be happy." They are not merely • mphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the mere ephemeral scribbling' of the hour, but the study of the author's ife,wke owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob ervance of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he would be done unto—te live after nattu - e's laws—and to keep always , a the " sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of 41erwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet•street • Mann, 59, Conthill ; Nelsen, 457, West strand ; er direct (by post or other wise) from the author (who may be conferred with personally, warnings and 10. Argyll-place gezent-street: and all MINING COMPANIES. The Mining Journal furnishes the annexed infor mation respecting the business and meetings con nected with mining companies : " The mining share market may be considered firm, although the amount of business actually transacted since our last has not been of any great importance. North Pool bi-monthly account meeting was held on Tuesday last, when a dividend of 171. per share was declared. The two-monthly account meeting of East Wheal Rose adventurers was held on the 28th, when a dividend of 30L per share was declared. South Wheal Basset, Carn Brea, Tamar, Trehane, Condurrow, croft, and West Caradon have been in request. Wheal Benny and Lamhercoe Wheal Maria meetings were held on Thursday. The statement of accounts in the former shows a balance of 551. in favour of mine, but a call of IL per share was deemed recessary. Shares in the fol lowing mines have changed hands:—East Wheal Rose, Bedford United, Wheal Trehane, Wheal Trelawny, Herodsfoot, East Tamar Consols, Mendip Hills, Tin croft, Tamar Consols, Caradon Copper, Camborne Con sols, and Mary Ann. " In foreign mines, the transactions have been toler ably numerous. There has been an active demand for United Mexicans at an advance; and in St. John del Rey shares a fair business has been done during the week at improved quotations. Barossa Range, Copispo, and Bolanos have also been dealt in. Some Real del Monte shares were done yesterday at I. Dispatches have been received by the Mexican Mining Company and the St. John del Hey. The Anglo-Mexican letters to the 6th of November show a loss of 198 dolls. on the October working. The Bolanos report advises a remit tance of 33,264 dolls. The United Mexican advises are to the 6th of November ; the mining report presents a very satisfactory prospect, whilst the increase of Octo ber ores over the pre,a , ding month appears to be about 784 cargas. The National Brazilian accounts represent the returns for 10 days from Cuiaba to be mks. 5 1 6 55. The St. John del Rey letters reach to the 18t1h of Octo ber. The accounts are for 10 days' working; the quan tity stamped was 2,027 tons of stone, calculated to be worth about 6,290 oits." THE MONSTER SNARE.—EXCITEMENT AMONG TUE SHowNEN.—The good ship Allen, Captain Williams, recently arrived at Salem, Massachusetts, from the coast of Africa, having on board a living monster rerpent of the constrictor species, which verifies all the stories we have read of their crushing and swallowing a horse at a single meal; it is much larger than any ever before taken, its length being thirty feet. Of course the arrival of such a monster set all of our showmen into a wonder ful fever. Van Amburgh, and June and Titus, dis patched an agent for Salem via New Haven; one of the firm of Raymond and Waring proceeded by way of Worcester; and Barnum sent his natij or donao, Hitchcock, by the steamer Bay State. The Yankee proprietor of tite snake. seeing such au excitement, and fet lint , that it will be difficult to run an opposition, has taken his ground; and a telegraphic dispatch to Van Amburgh and Co. announces that he will take no less than 11,000 dollars for it, and in case of not finding a customer, he will turn ‘. showman," and exhibit himself. Their agent offered 7,000 dollars for it, but Mr. Hitchcock imme diately bid 500 dollars more, and so the matter stands. Captain Williams positively avers that it took 126 negroes seven hours to secure this monster. They did it by means of a heavy rope net made for the purpose, and thrown over him when coiled up. What a sarpint! —New York True Sun, S NY JANUARY 3, 1849. in fact, getting so much used to continental insurrections and revolutions, that we have ceased to thit.k anything about them. We almost look on them as matters of course. Formerly our public securities sympathised with those of France: they rose or fell together. It is no longer so. On Saturday last there came a fall of two per cent. in the French funds: in ours, on the same day, there was a rise of per cent. [PRicit bri. COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS' SOCIETY. The 49th anniversary of this excellent institution, which was established in the year 1800 for the pur pose of providing, by annual subseiiptions, a fund for granting annuities to aged and disabled commer cial travellers being contributors to tke fund, was celebrated yesterday by a dinner at the London Coffee-house, Ludgate-hill. The Lord Mayor was in the chair, supported by Sheriff Goodhart, Alder man Sir Chapman Marshall, the president of the society ; Mr. Barnard, the banker, and about forty of the friends and supporters of the institution, in cluding the representatives of several of the principal trading firms of the metropolis. The cloth having been removed, The LORD MAYOR, in proposing the first toast, " The health:of her Most Gracious Majesty," said that at the commencement of a new year it was scarcely necessary for him to invite their attention to the happy state in which the advent of the year found this country as compared with others. Happily, we lived under a constitution which gave to all equal laws and equal liberty, and happily also we had a Sovereign safely seated on the throne of her ancestors, protected and supported by the affections and loyalty of her people. We had seen during the past year surrounding na tions shaken to their foundations, and civil society left in them without a chart or compass to steer by, while all we had experienced was the warning which the state of society in those countries gave as the coni:e• quence of setting class against class, and the uproot ing of settled institutions by violent means. The loyalty and peaceful demeanour of the people of this country during the past year, and especially on one or'two memorable occasions, proved that they were satisfied with the free constitution under which they lived—and, in returning thanks for the blessings they enjoyed, he was sure they would never forget to Ray a tribute of loyalty and affection to that Sovereign who was as distinguished for her love of constitutional liberty as for her private virtues, and whose greatest happiness was the welfare of her people. The toast was drunk with the usual honours, as were those which immediately followed—" The Queen Dowager," " Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, and the rest of the Royal Family," and " The Army and Navy." "The health of the Lord Mayor" was then pro posed by Alderman Sir C. MARSHALL, and having been drunk with honours and acknowledged by his Lordship, The LORD MAYOR gave " The health of the Presi dent of the Society, Sir C. Marshall, and Prosperity to the Commercial Travellers' Institution." By the ac counts presented to him, he found a list of recipients of the fund, including 65 members, 93 widows, and 3 children, the allowances to whom amounted in the gross to 1,6231. a year. Since its establishment the society had distributed upwards of 80,0001. amongst its decayed members and their families. With such limited means, he believed no society had done more good. No class of men were more valuable or useful in a community like this than the commercial tra vellers; and;he hoped the great commercial houses of London, who, whatever the misfortunes of late years, were now entering upon better times, would not forget the claims of a body so useful to themselves. He had recently presided at a large meeting of the Commercial Travellers' School—an offshoot from this. He hoped that in providing for the young they would not forget to continue their aid to the old, who were past labour, and unable to support themselves. He might add, in conclusion, as a recommendation of the society, that he knew of none that was conducted with more care and economy—an important matter, which he always looked at when asked to aid charitable in- I t h atkntshne A f L u r, n , d in ef r t h e t e u s r e n e i i n e g t y t h w a e n u k l s d , stitutions.—(Cheers.) e x p A r l e d s e s e r m d a h n i s regret . not allow them to give the amount of relief originally intended. (The allowance fixed for decayed mem bers was originally, we were informed, 501. a year, or 11. a week ; it is now reduced to 161. a year. This amount being given only in cases where the . party applying is absolutely,de.stitute.) While he rejoiced at the prosperity of M i school, he hoped the parent institution would not be allowed to have its exertions crippled, and implored those about to go into the country to advocate its claims among the commercial travellers. Mr. Taomrson then' announced some of the lead ing subscriptions. Among them were—The Lord Mayor 101. 10s.; Sir Chapman Marshall 101. 10s ; Sheriffs Goodhart and Finnis 51. ss. each; Mr. Ridg way 501. ; Thomas Dodgson, Esq., of the Guarantee Society, 211.; John Barnard, sen., Esq., 51. 55.; and John Barnard, jun., 51. Si., &c. " The health of the Sheriffs of London and Mid dlesex" was then given, and acknowledged by Mr. Goodhart, who apologised for the absence of his col league, Alderman and Sheriff Finnis, who, he said, was in attendance on the Judges at the Central Criminal Court. The LORD Meitos then proposed " The health of Thomas Chapman, Esq., the founder of the ',society, formerly proprietor of the Globe," whom he regretted advanced years had kept away. The toast was warmly received, as also that of Mr. Ridgway, Mr. Chapman's successor. Mr. ANDIRTON replied to the toast of the "Visitors." Mr. STOCKDALE returned thanks for the toast of the " Stewards." He said the stewards had done their best to promote the welfare of the society during the past year; he trusted that their successors would labour well for the same end, since the committee, and in fact all interested in the society—and more par ticularly their worthy President—(Cheers)—were desirous that the jubilee next year should be cele brated by a larger attendance than on that occasion. It was said that the school was an offshoot of this in stitution, and in some respects sought to rival it. That was not exactly the case. This institution was for the support of the decayed travellers, whereas the school was for the education and maintenance of the chil dren. Strictly speaking, they were one and the same, and nothing would give him greater pleasure than to see them united. He much regretted the absence of Mr. George Moore from indisposition. The healths of Mr. Thompson,:the Hon. Secretary, who announced the subscriptions to have been 4201. and Mr. Jackson, the secretary, followed, and the com pany separated. A very appropriate sentiment was given by the Lord Mayor shortly before leaving the chair, namely, " May the young traveller labour, that the old one may rest.' [ADVERTISEMENT.] ANOTHER ENLARGEMENT OF THE WEEKLY DIS PATCH.—This Journal, at present the largest in exist ence—unrivalled for its early intelligence and uncom promising advocacy of the Rights of Mankind—will be enlarged, on and after Sunday next, the 7th of January, to sixteen pages, containing sixty-four columns, of the same size and form as at present, without any extra charge. By its real in the cause of progress, and its staunch devotion to the interests of the people, the Dis patch has become a terror to the upholder of abuses, and a powerful auxiliary on behalf of the oppressed, whose wrongs will always meet with sympathy and ex posure. Encouraged by their success, and anxious to extend the sphere of their political influence and social utility, the proprietors have resolved on the proposed enlargement of the Dispatch, which hereafter will answer the purpose of four newspapers, and thus accom modate four readers at one and the same time. The columns of the Dispatch will still continue to be enriched by the powerful contributions of " Publicola," "Caus tic," " Censorius." Eliza Cook, and other writers emi nently distinguished for their literary attainments, and whose opinions have ever advocated the cause of the people, in opposition to tyranny and injustice. It may also be observed, that the poor man will always receive legal advice and assistance, as heretofore, from the Dis patch. A beautiful new type has been cast, on which the Dispatch will this year bo printed. An edition of the Dispatch is published at five o'clock every Saturday morning, for transmission by the first train and . n e w s ra r i o t mails, so that persons residing in towns 250 1 %1 1 t London may receive it the same evening. cary kr o e v k i r l . t disappointment, orders should be given to I Richard Wood, 139, Fleet-street, London, o ff .. h .._ ° _% p o o w s s t : office orders may be made payable, or to any of venders, in town and country. week, the 11th inst., HILARY T E RM.—TO-1 1 1 0 TTOW Zgemotlerntts iosfelxapwecatnedd b ca e r r oi e us d irnt 2 o 9 ff s equity Hilary will e rm resume e" h e e n ir ee s s il ti w n t e ()el cellos r Knightgiven, e in Michaelmas Term the arrears i Bruce,the earlyp tabrot case h c o f t e t r h i , ,r b Qao y nuy V edael i n c te,h e ts - ce C :B: h enn a ngo n ewshi At the commencement gfrom applications the number for the ensuing term is 114, and in the Court c o of madesit d h e e i r a c s b t r h y e l n l exceed°lll,l last sv i! term. i aa . courts l m n o n ui t h e n of Exchequer 157; the lists for the C ourt o f Common Pleas h a ve not been exhibited. In the Court of Queen's Bench there are of special cases and demurrers, 6 for judgment, and 33 for argument, whilst of new trials there are 13 for judgment and 62 for argument. In the Court of Exchequer the peremptory paper contains 19; moot.thrgeusrupecnTi t a h : eo l r i ef s t an e re x ew l exhibits l siitas2 demurrerstf there r er judgment and 19 for argu. for r re 8 for jddglu j en u t, dg a m nd en 3 t 9 a i n .o d r 68 for argument. A CANINE THIEF.—A gentleman, accompanied by a Newfoundle.nd deg, lately entered the office of Messrs. Woodall and Co., bunkers, Scarborough, for the purpose of transacting some business. A few minutes after ards the dog quietly left the office, carrying in his mouth a bag containing 100 sovereigns, which he had purloined from behind the counter; but, luckily, one of the clerks bad watched the four-footed thief, and speedily recovered the stolen treasure.—Gateshead Ob server. The annual C ats t GPußcOrmdorTrlcouNlsc.ti, ' o - ln Talbot (1829), - a lows, Commanderye yesterday:— d ay J. , der of the Ryde (Isle of Wight) distric. tenant of the Rose at th e b att l e o f N avar ino—to the rank of Captain in the royal navy. Lieutenant Lazarus Roberta (1815), of the North Yar mouth station, who was a midshipman of the Montagu at the evacuation of Scylla Castle, in 1808; of the Re venge, and employed in boat service in the Walcheren expedition, and who was present at the attack on the French fleet in Aix roads in 1809, to the rank of Com mander in the royal navy. Lieutenant Thomas Thompson (1830), in command of the Greyhound cruiser, in the Leith Waters, to the rank of Commander. Lieutenant John Hains (1815), of the Stonehouse point station, to the rank of Commander. Second Masters—Thomas Huss (184‘), of the Cale donia three-decker, at Plymouth; John H. 11. T. Norris (1843); and W. H. Mallard (1844), late Acting Master of the Hecate and Apollo—to the rank of Masters. PORTSMOUTH, TUESDAY.-It has been remarked as strange that the flags of her Majesty's ships have not been lowered half-mast on the news of the melancholy death of the First Lord of the Admiralty being officially communicated to the Port Admirals. The Sharpshooter steam-schooner, Lieutenant-Com mander J. C. Bailey, went from the harbour to Spithead this morning. It is reported the Driver steam-sloop, Commander C. R. Johnson, is to be sent to the West Indies to relieve the Scourge steam bomb-vessel, Commander H. E. Win grove, whose term of service has expired. The Apolline freight-ship arrived last evening from the river, and proceeded this morning to Cowes to em bark soldiers. She is to return again to Spithead to em bark 100 convicts. Wind E., fresh gales and cloudy weather. WRECK OF THE MUTINE. We announced yesterday that the Mutine, `l2, Com mander Palmer, was wrecked off Venice. The following official letter, with which we have been favoured by the Admiralty, it will be seen, confirins our intelligence:— "By accounts received at the Admiralty on the Ist instant, from Captain Symonds, of the Spartan, it ap pears that her Majesty's ship Mutine was wrecked at Chioggia, off Venice, on the 21st December last, during very heavy weather. The loss of the following officers and one private marine are reported with deep regret:— " Mr. George Whiting, acting mate. " Mr. H. E. Charlton, acting mate. " Mr. James Burke, assistant surgeon. " Mr. William Dowse, carpenter. " Edward James, private marine. " The remainder of the officers and crew of the Mutine are saved, although many of them have suffered consi derably from intense cold. " Admiralty, Jan. 2, 1849." As we stated yesterday, the' commander had gone on shore with dispatches, and had not returned to his ship when the gale came on, consequently the command of the Mutine devolved on Lieut. Curtis, whose noble and skilful conduct, under the trying circumstances in which the ship was placed, is the subject of general commen dation. The Ardent, steam-vessel, Lieut.-Commander Newell, has arrived at Naples, with the officers and crew, who were to be tried by a court martial as soon as the vessel was relieved from quarantine, after which they will be sent home. The Mutine is the second of the five experimental brigs that has been wrecked; for the Osprey, it will be remembered, was lost at New Zealand. The Mutine was designed and built by Mr. Finchman (now master shipwright at Portsmouth dockyard), at Chatham, in 1844. She was 428 tons, and was considered ono of the handsomest vessels of the squadron. Her sailing qualities, as well as her general qualities as a man-of-war, were of a very superior character; although she was considered to be inferior on the trials to the Daring and the Espiegle. She was first commissioned by Commander Crawford, and after the experimental sailings proceeded to the Cape station, where in the Mozambique division she captured every slaver she chased, one of them was a notorious and suc cessful craft that had always ran away with ease from the brigs of Sir W. Symonds's construction. Whilst on this station she had several trials with the Helena, one of the surveyor's crack brigs, and the Cleopatra, 26, one of his corvettes, when her superiority in every point of sailing over both vessels was admitted by all. She was sent home from th• Cape in consequence of having been aground in ono of her chases after slavers; and on her arrival at Chatham, in August, 1846, was paid off. She was refitted, however, and was very soon after re-com missioned by Commander Tryon, and sent to the Medi terranean; and on that gallant officer's promotion, in October, 1547, her present commander (who was also promoted at that time) was appointed to her. The following is an extract from a letter, containing a more detailed account of the loss of the Mutine. The letter is dated " Venice, Dec. 24, 1848. " Fearful that exaggerated reports may reach home, I write by the earliest opportunity to inform you of the wreck of the Mutine, which took place on the 21st at Palestrina, about ten miles from Venice, in one of the heaviest gales of wind (commonly called "Boras" in this part of the world) I ever saw. Fortunately every one has been saved, with the exception of four officers and one marine, viz., Edward Whiting (acting mate), drowned in a most gallant attempt to get on shore in the dingy with a line; H. E. Charlton (acting mate), dead from exhaustion and intense cold ; James Burke (assistant-surgeon), whose death was eansed in a similar manner ; James Dowse (carpenter), who fell out of the bowline-knot as they were hauling him on shore, and was drowned ; and Edward James (private, Royal Marines), found frozen to death under the forecastle. How so many were saved appears to be almost miraculous, after being exposed nearly thirty hours to the most dreadful wea ther; the cold being so intense that the seas froze on everythini , as they came on board. M an y are su ff er i ng severely f rom P their hands and feet being frostbitten. It is impossible to speak too highly of the kindness and hospitality evinced by the inhabitants and authorities of Palestrina, who seized officers and men as they were landed and carried them up into the houses, actually giving up their own beds and supplying them with warm drinks; and, in fact, doing everything their dearest friends could have done for them. The ship is now lying within twenty yards of the shore (haviflg beaten over three quarters of a mile of shoal water), with her masts and rudder gone, and back broken. It is expected we shall save the greater part of the things on board, though there is no hope for the ship. " The people on board were landed by means of a hawser run out to the shore, with a bowline-knot and hauling-line." SOUTHAMPTON, JAN. 2.—The Royal Mail Steam packet Company's ship Severn, Captain W. Vincent, sailed to-day with the usual British and foreign West India mails, and the mails for New Orleans, Bavannah, and Mexico, in charge of Lieutenant Joseph Ray, RN-, Admiralty agent. The Severn had only a few passen gers, amongst whom were Captain Childs, Captain John ston, and Dr. Linton, for Barbadoes; Rev. W. Grey, Bermuda, &c. The small number of passengers arises in some measure from the quarantine regulations which have been imposed on the companys ships at Ilavannah, &c. The steamer has a fell general cargo, but no quick silver or specie. The American frigate St. Lawrence, 44, Captain If. Paulding, will in all probability take her departure for Lisbon and Cadiz to-morrow or Thursday. EXPLOSION IN EDINBURGH.—On Saturday even ing, about six o'clock, a tremendous explosion took place in an arched vault, under the pavement of the High street, close by the entry to Blackfriars' Wynd, the cause year u o(iAilri atuPot,i, reportt.y aitnh a his i te and means of which are as yet involved in mystery. The explosion tore up the strong and firmly built arch be• neath the pathway, carrying with it the large flag-stones, raising a dense cloud of dust and lime, and opening up a charm in front of the houses from about fourteen to sixteen feet square. The shock occasioned was most violent, causing infinite terror in the neighbourhood , shaking the contiguous houses like au earthquake, and in its suddenness extinguishing many of the lights and while it was heard at a great distance from the spot, it was described by those near it as like a von? of artillery, or rather, a tremendous and instant cinrasoro with little reverberation, render in the horror tlsie Pa - intense by the silence which succeeded. ye t been cas u direct ll . y e s vi O h ia c o a a l n h i n a a j s s u c e r n r y. t dentially, this occurrence, so fraught crowds of passers by in this busy tended with the loss of life, and so t a The in, causewithout of dangerousthe explosion I since caused the foul air of some deseripno • The a lg. bore result. vault in g as s c s e , r o t r ained, although e, e i t , a i nisrd : s e ora n .mo e n e r u fi n : e g t i ri y a r f : sa , ll:w i ru j sc bi ina c apt u. d h hi el. t e , trd) : : , n o i o esa d rs juton the niting, occasioned the a l ques tion belongs to Mr. S communication between if ve 1 1 .. a ce lar beneath his used it for a believe, in consequence of •or gas constantly and some bad sir disagreeable unaecountably issu• wae caused Th by gun powder.t Tile ing from 1 • smell was thus in some was current, but of this M measure own eats ub ruet shopsat stopped. to pmbeeda;bl r. Steel keeps at pre sent greatest difficulty, however, is to account for shop. is also involved in the ignition, which mystery.— Caledonian Mercury. THE SURREY AN D KENT TURNPIKE. ROADS.-- Yesterday th e Surrey and Kent turnpike-roads, known distance New-cross turnpike-roads, which extend a consi derablehands of the into the two counties, came into the trustees. They wore put up to auction at the Gretheen Man Tavern, Blackheath, on the 19th ult., by trustees, at the sum of 10,500 t. per annum. There was then not a single offer, though the room was crowded with tru s t ee s and others interested in that de scription of property, by somo of whom it was suggested that they should be offered at 9,0001. The Chairman, Mr. Jackson, observed that if the tolls were not taken by private speculators, that the trustees would take them and pay their value. Mr. Levy, the extensive proprietor of metropolitan and other trusts, observed, that they would then find their value, and stated that they could not legally be sold by private contract, but at the sum they produced the previous year, which was 11,2301. These tolls have enormously depreciated since the com petition of railways. They previously realised as much as 17,0001. a year. DEATH FROM CHLOROFORM.—The Glasgow Herald states that recently a young gentleman returned from Australia to visit his relatives in the neighbourhood of Govan, but before leaving the colony he met with a slight accident in the foot, which being, perhaps, ne glected during the passage home, caus ed his great toe nail to grow into the flesh. To remove th e pa i n and inconvenience, the gentleman resolved to submit to an operation, which a r espectable surgeon in Govan was employed to perform on Tuesday last. Prepara tory to doing so, the surgeon resolved to make use of chloroform; but the patient, atter inhaling the gas, al most instantly expired. An investigation of the affair is iu progress. IRELAND. DUBLIN, JAN. 2.—The judgment of the Court on the demurrer in the case of the Queen against Duffy, will be given this day. The following extraordinary statement appears in the Evening Herald of last night:— "It appears that the Government had published a report of the previous trials at the former commission from the notes of Mr. Hodges, their reporter. This re port, which constitutes a goodly volume, has been in the hands of the Crown Counsel during this trial. It has been frequently referred to by them as a book of autho rity on points ruled on the trial it reports, and a copy was forwarded previous to the trial to one of the Judges. " Application, we are told, was made on behalf of the prisoner for a copy of this report for the use of his Counsel. Reference was made to the Attorney-Gene ral, and he refused to comply with his application, alleg ing that he was not called on to supply his opponents with she notes of his own short-hand writer. " How the Learned Gentleman can call a book, printed and paid for at the public expense, the notes of his own short hand writer, we are at a loss to under stand; but if it be a private document, we are still more at a loirttoweomprebend why the Leaned Gentleman should venture to send it to the Judges, or to cite it as a document of authority in Court. " We would have thought the mere fact of its being so sent and so cited entitled the other party to a copy. " We can scarcely credit the story of this refusal of this book. It is not credible that any one in the posi tion of Attorney-General would disgrace the administra tion of justice by such paltry littleness." REPEAL.—Mr. John O'Connell has sent five guineas as his renewed subscription to the Repeal Association for 1849. INAUGURATION of THE LORD MAYOR.—Alderman O'Brien, M.P., was yesterday inaugurated Lord Mayor of Dublin for the present year. Dr. Kane, late a prisoner under the Habeas Corpus Suspension Act, was yesterday inaugurated Mayor of Kilkenny. BARBAROUS ASSASSINATION.—On Sunday evening a man named Fitzgerald, steward to Sir David Roche, Bart., was shot dead at his own door at Barntick, within a few miles of Ennis, by a person, who was lying in wait for the purpose. The perpetrator of this bloody deed has not yet been discovered, but diligent search is being made by the constabulary. We have not heard that suspicion yet rests upon any person for the murder, and no cause can be assigned for it, is the deceased was much esteemed in the neighbourhood. He came from Limerick to Barntick about seven months ago to super intend the drainage works at present in progress on Sir David Rcche's property in that place, and had been en gaged yesterday, previous to his murder, in paying the workmen, about fifty of whom are constantly employed on the laid. He was standing on the steps to his hall door when the fatal shot was fired, which took effect on his left side ; he instantly fell, and was only able to say to the persons who came to the door on hearing the re port—" Take me in, lam shot through the heart." In a few minutes afterwards ho expired. Deceased was only a few weeks married. Thomas W hitestone, Esq., coroner, proceeds to-day to hold an inquest on the body. —Clare Journal BOYLE, SATURDAY.—A man named John Gunning, while travelling with some of his neighbours from the market of Ballyfarnon to Cressna on Thursday even ing, was brutally murdered on the high road. It ap pears the parties had fallen out among themselves. The deceased was so dreadfully beaten that he died within an hour. A person named MiCeon has been apprehended, and lodged in the gaol of this town. — Boyle Gazette. Emirs Gen.—There are at present nearly 600 prisoners crowded into Ennis gaol, one of the smallest in Ireland. _ _ _ DEATH FROM STARVATION.—An inquest was held on Wednesday last, at Kilkishen, county Clare, on the body of a man named John O'Donoghue, who was found dead on the way to the relief depot. After a lengthened investigation, the jury brought in the fol lowing verdict.—" That the body of the deceased, John Donoghue, was found dead on the road at Derra, between Kilmurry and Kilkishen, and that he died of want; and that his death was assasioned by the neg lect of Pat O'Mara relieving officer, and Michael Sexton." The relieving officer was not present at the beginning of the inquest, but arrived tome time after the proceedings had commenced. He then objected to the jury, on the ground that several of the members of it were per sons to whom he had refused out-door relief. But the Coroner informed him that it was too late then to ob ject, as they had already been sworn, and had heard the evidence. DREADFUL SUFFERING ON BOARD AN EMIGRANT SHIP.—By a letter received in this city yesterday, writ • ten from on board the Surinam, emigrant ship, now at Cove, we learn the following particulars. The writer is a person of intelligence, and well known to the gentle man whom he has written to. It appears that the ship left Dublin on the 11th of November, with 120 pas sengers, and after having made Cape Clear she en countered a dreadful storm which drove the vessel about until the 28th December, when she got into Cove, after enduring the greatest hardship. From the 12th to the 28th December, all hands were at the pumps, and the writer gives a very deplorable account of the eondition of the poor people on board, who are now left without the means of proceeding on their voyage to America. LONDON DOCKS COMPANY. The half-yearly general court of the proprietors in the London Docks Company was held yesterday, at the offices, in Princes-street, Mansion-house, for the purpose of receiving a report from the directors, the declaration of a dividend, and the appointment of a director in the place of Mr. John Elliott ; Mr. John Cattley took the chair, and Mr. POWLBS, the secretary, read the following report from the directors, of their proceedings during the last half-year : " The directors have now to lay before the proprietors a report of the company's proceedings for the half-year ending the 30th day of November last. The number of loaded ships from foreign ports which entered the Lon don Docks during the six months ending the 30th No vember last was 983, measuring 234,426 ton , . The num ber for the corresponding period in 1847 was 988, mea suring 260,792 tons, being a decrease'of 26.366 tons. This decrease in tonnage is in proportion to the decrease ex perienced during the same period by the other principal docks. The amount of earnings during the six months ending the 30th November last has been 234,3901. 4s. Id. The amount of the like earnings for the corre sponding period in 1847 was 229,1441. ss. 4d. The amount of expenditure for the six months ending the 30th November last has been 132,9071. 11s. 9d. The amount of the like expenditure for the corresponding period in 1847 was 132,871/. 15s. sd. The amount of expenditure includes the payment of the income-tax. By the statement annexed to the report, it will be seen that the balance standing at the credit of profit and loss is 228,484/. 12s. 9d.; out of which the directors recom mend to the court of proprietors the payment of a divi dend of 2/. 10s. per cent. on the company's stock for the half-year, amounting to 90,9571. 12s. 4d., leaving a balance in favour of the company of 137,5271. Os. sd. Of the balance standing at the credit of profit and loss, the sum of 196,6521. 11s. 2d. consists of the amount of outstanding charges due to the company on goods in the warehouses. The stock of goods in the warehouses on the 30th of November last was 122,504 tons. At the same period last year it was 113,885 tons. Nothing has been undertaken m the way of new works during the past half-year, nor has anything occurred in the course of that period to call for any special remark from the directors. The warehouses of the company are well occupied, and the directors believe that they may state that the accommodation and facility for the transaction of business at the docks continues to give satisfaction to the mercantile community of this port." Tho CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption' of the re port, congratulated the proprietors upon the prosperity of the decks during the past half-year. Their pros. perity was greater than at any preceding period. At the same time, every accommodation had been pro vided for the requirements of the trade of the docks; but he would not deny that it was probable more ac commodation would be necessary. These docks alone accommodated four-fifths of the Australian wool trade, and large as was their accommodation for that branch of commerce, it would, most likely, require extension, for the London Docks appeared to be the chief market for that particular article. In reply to a question from Mr. CLARKE, The CHAIRMAN said that the plans and estimates of the probable extensions had been obtained from the engineer and architect, and he was happy to say that the coat would not exceed 20,0001., which would be expended in raising the wool warehouses already in existence. Resolutions were then unaimously carried approv ing of the report, and of a dividend of 2/. 10s. per cent. for the half-year. The CHAIRMAN announced that the dividend war rants would be ready on the 9th inst. Mr. Daniel Meinertzhagen was elected a director in the place of the late Mr. Elliott, and the proceed ings terminated. EXTRAORDINARY INSTANCE OF PIoUS FRAUD The Yorkshire Gazette of Saturday last gives a most ex traordinary instance of pious " fraud" perpetrated by a Dissenting preacher, and principal of an academy. The individual in question is Bentley Haigh, Prine:ral of Bramhaou College. The gentleman, it appears, was doubly registered for the township of Aberford and Tad caster, and during the late election for the West Ridity , after voting at Aberfbrd in booth No. 1 for Sir Eardloy, coolly directed his course to booth No. 3, and voted a second time for the same candidate, _ 4.4 --- ....Z....--= ''''-' ..--.. -.4 „, • -,-- 2 -- . _-- --' .--‘•-ey>,)---€: , , • r " .„.... /e." . 1N......-- ••• -_, :._,' I f --,•_-,-, -- - -, - -:, , --, - A VAL INTILLIGE i i i 4 • :-- 1:-..,.,•••;->?, , _ • VA, .OP , -!, • 4 PROMOTIONS. , - ... 444 , -.CrS O lj -i, 'II,A,S .f4 t ~ ,44 ,/. _ _, . . • - -- . . , Tha annual Cuast Guard promctiou c , i' e) ' ,r„, -", •,:: --,- —, .'N..--- - —t "-.. • ---; ..,-,' '..."' , - r • --. 4 p -,•:-=-W-f-k•:Af,)V;''7',,C's ".,`_'-,.: !..ly -.1 - "1„ ,", rs ', - ~,,J I 4, I r... - e,p lows yesterday:— •,;:::•.,,,,, . ,.- .. 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