The Sun. — London, England, 1820-05-03 00:00:00

ItltillTS AND PRIVILEGES. TO JOHN BULL. ESQ. LETTER IX. Msgr.: J o HN—T he hustle of Elections, and the horrors of assassination behig now happily over, you will have some leisure to attend to the progrcss of our Correspondence, which has now reached the first Establishment of England as a Kingdom, followed by the reign of ALVRFD. it. which we may trace the first germ of English Liberty. Yet it was not until the reign of his -descendant, ETHaLRED, in 079, that the English Monarch was bound by a Coronation Oath. It was at this period also that the gram! palla dium of English Liberty and Security, the Taw, By Jusy, was first instituted, though the Trial by Ordeal continued for some ages afterwards. Out noisy Reformers might have been happy had they lived at that period, and wig argot hive been happy also had they done at, for previons to this time Our taxes were but few, and Cuifotni and Duties were now laid on for the first time. I question, however, whether the Patriots of that day knew much about personal liberty, or lite liberty of the subject, for although the population bad been thinned by a massacre of the Dunes in 1002, ye t the practice of parents selling their children w as not forbidden, even by law, oat it 1015 ; two years after which Colvturs, the Danish King, shinned the population a little mot e by a successful inva sion, gaining the Crown, which his sneccsi,:trs held for some years afterwards, until the S-excHt line was restored tinder EDWAIM Tilt; CONFVS , ,oR. Under such circumstancks your Saxon Ancestors could not be very free, JouNNY ; anti though you M'y bear much said about their liberties, in a I:torten - 1 pot house, I suspect that some of your children have as much liberty in one day at Sp,- fields or Palace-yard, as would have served th•tri for a life time. I even doubt whether the gene ral notions of public liberty were intiAl unproved by the larize importations of pour Norman Gentiy tinder the CONPEssOft ; was It con their lan guage that the terms " and " Slaves" iweie first introduced into English Cllslolll3 and jilt() theEot;l i s h langtiage. The subsequent Norman Conquest reduced all the rights and privilege , . which lino could daunt, Jo HN NV, from your Soon attic-Store, to a mere unliity; and fur those whicii you now possess, you ate solely indebted to the good sense of LIAM THE CONQUEBon, who, in die moment even of Ptlsonal tyranny, was not forgetful of the ge neral welfare. eitablist.•ed a tr ust of common Tight both for NorMoisS and Saionsy the nistitu• tion of the CoNiNitiN Lp,w, fottoded upon Norillin Costoots, and its much of the ancient Sixon Liws as ! ie c h co . t . in a dopt. This was now become the more necessary, itio , niuch as , the Normans !ttid Saxons were now inter nipgled by marriages, giving With to your ancestors, though lieu tiny few in nitntbtr. _ . We do not, indeed, possess ALFurD's Book of 'Winchester, 60 as to ascertain the Sax. , n Popula tion before the Conquest, ; but by Domesday Book it is clear that, wilt, the exception of the Metro polis, there vs as not a single City which co,tained ten thousand inhabilents. Ihe City of York, Rich was the largest, had only 1-11 S houses, of which, however, ,uly 878 were inhabited; and if we allow the modern proportion of 51 to a hnuNe, the Population could not exceed 5000. — Nay the City of Warwick, which was so much vaunted by the Writers of that period, bad only 223 houses, and Exeter 315. Happily for London, it was of sufficient conse quence to obtain a new Charter front WILLIAM, adding tO, and COUfirlllitlg that formerly granted by Enwscp the Confessor ; soon after which tstoe established Ccurts Leet, and Courts Baron, inTend‘d indeed to pet ptitt,tc Baronial imwer, trot' which, float their very mode of conformation, kept up ideas of English Libery. After this commenced the STATUTE LAW, but PARLIAMENT as 014 a Council of Barons ; the People had there no R e presenta , ives, and the towns were even more oppressed by taxes titan under the Saxon Dynasty. Indeed at the Con finest there was no Parliament in existence. The Battle of Hastings was fout.:iht by Soldiers, and the Croxn offered to WrcuAsi by the Nobility. The people, as people, had n olning io no with the business. All land then necatne the King's. The Barons held only by military tenure. yree bold had no existence, even in baronial posses *ion ; of course tho Barons could not grant Freeholds; yet a few Saxon tenures, it must be confessed, were allowed to remain; some even to near the Metropolis as in Surrey. The Vree• holds in Cumberland do not come into the ac count, that county was thew a province of Scot- land. Vet Liberty was making silent strides in our Jurisprudence; for Justices of the Peace were esta. blished as tally as 1076. and in ihe next reign, 14 N ror 1. (wind it necessary to grant a Charter, which was revived afterwards, and /farmed the growl MAGNA cHARTA of hid) you, J(4l NN Y have just reason to be proud, though that Charter was never intended for your advantage, but solely for the Barons, whose retaine►s your ancestors were. Indeed your ancestors could know but little about it, for it was mitten in Latin, as you lonst have heard from the grand oisplay ot one ot your modern Westminster Members, who was teaching his boil to translate it, at the very mo ment when the Serjeamt-at-Arms of the House of Commons found it necessary to remove his ‘'llor! , ship from Piccadilly to the Tower, giving rise to that grand procession when the Baronet tipped cnu the go•by from Traitor's-gate to Bank side. Having now arrived at this point of Modern Returns, we shall postr►one our considerntir , o of Ancient Rights until another opportunity, when you shall Lear again lions your old friend, itiNgreS. VAMAANIENTARY PAPERS, Ills NIMESTTS HOUSEHOLD, &e.—MAT g, RESOLUTIONS agreed to by the Committee of the whole House, to whom it was referred to consider of so much of his Ma jesty's most gracious Speech to both Houses of Parliament, as relates to the Civil List; and to whom the several acts, relative to the Civil List, were referred. . - Resolved, That it is the opinion of this .Committee, that for the support of his Majesty's Household, and ottbe honour and dignity of the Crown ,there be granted to his Majesty,during his life, in that part of the United Kingdom called England, a Revenue of Eight Hundred and Fifty Thousand Pounds, to commence from the demise of his late Majesty; and that there be granted, for the like purpose, i❑ that part of the United Kingdom called Ireland, a revenue of Two Hundred and Seven Thousand Pounds, to iommence from the sanie time. 2. Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Committee that the said Revenue for the support of his Majesty's House hold, aut4 (tithe honour and dignity of the Crown, be charged upon, and made payable out of, the Consolidated Fund of the United Kingdom of Great Britain mid Ireland. S. Resolved, Tina it is the opinion of this Committee, that the several Hereditary Revenues in that part of the United Kingdom called England, which by an i'.ct of the first Year of his late Majesty's reign were, during his said Majesty's lite, carried to and (IV part of the ,Igregate Fungi, and have sioee under the Act of the twenty-seventh year of his late ':.lajesty's rein been carried to and made a part of the Consolidated Fund of Great Britain; and that the several Hereditary Revenues in that part of the United Kingdow e;illed Ireland, which by an Act of the Parliament of Ireland made in the thirty-third year of his late Majeiti's reign were carried to and made a part of the Consolidated Fund - in Ire land ; shall, from the said demise and during, the life of his present Majesty, be carried to the Account of the Consoli dated Fund of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ADDRESS OF TIIE. MANUFAcTim ERS AND TRADERS. The following Address lims been presentvd to his Rtld VV49 111.1 SI gr4cion-ly received : " To MIST EXCELLENT MAJEsTY. I'vt.osT Gnactous Stivmo:lGN.—We, your MA.tEsrv's mo=t dutiful and loyal subjects, the Manufacturers and Traders of Condon and West mioster, beg leave most humbly to approach your Mjest y with our most grateful thanhs for ra' Ma jesty's great condescension and benignity in taking I n to your Majesty's most gracious consideration the present distressed state of the trading and manufacturing interest, and having been graciously pleased to order the present Court Mourning for the death of our late beloved, venerable, and lamented Sovereign (whose loss the Nation at largo, together with your M.ije.oy, deeply deplore), to be reduced to a period so touch slitter titan the time formerly allotted upon such mournful and melancholy occasions; by which act of gracious condes cension and goodness on the part of y.uir Majesty, Trade will immediately reCover front its temporary strtgnation, will pro ceed with its accustomed regularity, and thousands of work men and artisans be engaged in laboor and provided with em ployment, who, hut for your Majesty's unparalleled good ness and benevolence, would have soffered Ilse severest dis tress, a nd have had to snuggle with all the acemanlated evils rising from penury and want of employ. Your Majesty, f rom yout earnest desire to promote and increase the welfare and prosperity of the nation, in nothing a most painful sacrifice of what your Majesty so keenly feels is due to the memory of the best of fathers and of Sovereigns, has given the most un equivocal and decisive proof that your Majesty will he at ttll times, and oil all occastons, really and truly the friend and fother of your people.,• THEATRICAL It Performed Last Night. THEATRE ROYAL, Lear King Lersr, Mr Kean ; Edgar. Mr. Rae; Goneril. rs. Glover ; 11 , 4411, Mr s . Rubinson; Cordelia, Mrs. W. West. After wl,iets, Shahs:l)64re versus Harlequin. TrtEATur. RovAL, CnvENT-GAssor.N.-1 - Tenri Qnntre : Henri, Isir• :Nlacrearly ; Eugene, Mr. C. Nesobie ; O'pounel, Mr. .Intro Johnstone ; Florence Saint Leon, Miss Stephens; Clotilde de Biton, Miss Brunton; Louisou, Miss M. Tree. Alter which, Love, Law, rind Physic. Fur LITERARY REV >cc the First Page. PRICE OF sTocKs MI. I, AV AT ONE ,) cl ,, ex. 3 per Cent: Red. 3 per Cent. C0n5..... 6 91 i LI Irish 5 per Ce n t. :3 per Cent. 4 per Cents 14611 t South Sea St oc k 771 8 per Ct. Navy Ann 10.51,1 I Each. Bins, 9.d. 3s. (3s. pr. Bank LongAnn.l7 15-16tlis 18 Cons. for Account ... 6 9iii ._.....—......--- MAILS. ARRIVED- 1 Dublin, 1 Wati-rford, 1 Guernsey and Jersey, 1 Guttenbunzb, 1 Liqbou. 1.14 , E -i Ilawburgb. 118311 WATER Al' LONDON MUDGE T(l.Moßitow. Nliirning, 18 minutes after 6. 1 Evening. 4S muni t es ~ft, 6. Tim SUN. SOLEM QUIS DICERE FA1,51131 A.UDEAT LONDON, rvEDNEsomr, MAY 3, 1820. We have bad no arrival of Poris Papers this morning. We have received a regolAr file of Charleston Paper , this morning to the Ist March. SOUTH AMERICA. —Captain LowE, of the schooner Betsey, arrivtd from Puerto Cabello, left the 29th January, at which time the place was tranquil, and appeared well garrisoned ; on the 18th Feb. left Santa Martha; on the day pre vious, an Express had arrived from Maracabo, stating the approach of the Patriots ; a Procla mation was issued, the drums beat, &c. ; it was thought that both Maracabo and Santa Martha would fall into the hands of the Patriots. A Letter from Amelia Island, received at Waihington, dated the 11th inst., states, that i►►formation had just been received there of the arrival at St. Augustine of men and money, and other reinforcements. We stated a short time since that Sir HICIRY WELLest.ey, our Atubvissador to Spin, was likely to return soon to this Country, without the formality of taking leave of the Spanish Court. His Lady, we understand, is already on ber jour borne. It is not wonderful that the Radical Journals should endeavour to palliate the guilt of the wretches who have paid the forfeit of their crimes, as those wretches were doubtless in a great de. gree excited w the atrocity which they meditated, and were so near carryi►►g into :La, by Ole ini dious and inflainmatory doctrines inculcated in those Journals, There is indeed little difference in the contents of those Journals and the seditious writings in the " t wo-penny trash," the'purpOse of which was to throw ridicule upon religion, and to overturn the Monarchy. We repeat our opi nion, that Alderman %Vow) acted most officiously in his attempts to disturb the- last moments of Thistlewood, and to wring from the dying man answers that might he employed for party pur poses. We mean no allusion to what the Alder man said in Parliament, but to his conduct on the very eve of the execution of the Criminals. Exe crable es the conduct of those men was, and diabolical as their purpose, the dreadful situation in w•hicli they stood called rather for attempts to render them sensible of the state into which they were immediately to enter, and to excite pious feel ings in their minds, than to torn their attention back to the horrid oiVencei which they find beet* pre- vented f►o n committing,'und to make thew in those awful moments the ipstroments of Party- The Murnin; Chronicle of this 114 y, in i:s endeavours to palliate the conduct of the Alderman, says, has it not been the convant practice of Clergy- n►en, anti kill who have access to men convicted of capital crimes, to clic;t lioin them, (luting the raw. tut intervdi between their sentence anti its exech- lien, a confession of their gliilt, and the disciosine of their accomplices 1" Granted; --but Alderman Wn ,, D is not a Clergyman, anti cons;!tinetitly can- not be stippos'ed to be rested with that soleinn in fluence which au:mites to the Ministeis otlt- gion. As to other persons, though they might, during the awful interval betwuen their sentence and its execution, attempt to vindicate the deci sion of Law, and induce them to make their peace the Ahnighty,they would hardly have intruded upon the very moments preceding their execution. There was an interval of two or three days it; which other that; Clergymen might properly have exhorted the Prisoners, but Clergymen ouiy should address them for that purpose in their dying mo ments. The conduct of the A:derman on that oc casion admits of no excuse. As to EnwAnns, e need only refer to what MONVMDNT, on oath, who did not hliOW EDWAEDS, declared that be was desired by Ttuvr.t.ttwoon to say of tbat man. With respect to ; what the -Alderman said in the Honse of Commons, we must b 2 more cautions in our observations, but even Mr. BanuGH ANT was against hint, and admitted the necessity of employing spies -occasionally to get at the truth, and to avert impending danger but it is a melancholy necessity which the depravity of humor) nature, mid the satety Society,:enticr unavoidable. REVOLUTION AT BUBNOS Ayres.---A fre4l re volution has taken place at Buenos Ayres. Jr was occasioned by the entraos e attic Manteneros, or Indian Monntaineeis, commanded by Colonel Bustos, who were previously joined by the forces under General Belgattle, The Supreme Direc tor, Pnerreydon, having no force stiflieleotly numerous to render opposition likely to be at. tended with success, fled from the place, tak ing refuge on board the American sloop of war John Adams. It is stated further, that the British vessels of war on that station had ap proached as near as possible to Buenos Ayres, to afford protection to British persons and property. A new Constitution, termed Fedet al, had beet) lottned, and all the old Members of the Govern ment displaced, a nd other persons had been nomi nated to discharge ►heir several ninetieths, G e n. Roudean,Ahe Ex-Director, it will he recollected, bad previously left Buenos Ayres, to oppose the army under Gen. Artigas, and it would seen► that he was incapacitated from affording assi,tance to Boet►os Ayres by the operations of Artigas.— (Morning NA) At one o'clock yesterday morning (anti not be fore as has been stated), the respited traitor', Cooper, Harrison, Bradbnrn, Strange, and Nilson, were removed from Newgate in three post chaises, under a proper escort, on their way to Portsmouth, in order to be transported to New SoOth Wales for life. Poor Gilchrist, who in a famishing state was seduced into the hellish lots by the conspirators, totally ignorant of their atro cious designs, and who we hope and trust will receive his MAJcsi-i's free pardon, still remains in Nevrgate.—(Morning Post.) Lord Cocuttnsu ha•„ at length, raised the blockade of Callao, as uppears by advices which have reached London front Chili, dated so re cently as the beginning of Joonory. It is stated, .that he had taken this step in order that he might attempt the capture of some of the Spanish ship:, of war cruizing in those seas. • When thy acconnts came away, he was in active pursuit of the Procha, 74, being one of the lost ships which sailed from Cadiz in the spring of last year, for the Pacific Ocean. Yesterday the Duke of YORK trinsactell mili tary business with the KING, at his Palace in Pail- The Mike of )(oar( held a Levee yesterrily as Commander-in-Chief at his Office in the Horse Guards, which was attended by ipwards of thirty Officers. Yesterday the Earl of LIVERPOOL had an au dience of ihe KING. The Duke of CLARENCE and Duche33 of GLOU CESTER pail their respects yesterday to his MA- JESTY. lit-c.terday the Doke and Ducbess of Gt.bucEs- TER had a dinner rer,y, Snit' NEWS. DEAL, \TAY 2.—Came down floral the rtiret last night, and sailed, the Brothers, STAMP, an d Camden, Jourasota, for Bombay -=Arrived day, and sailed for the River, the Rose, Arro • GAIT, and Minerva, MILLS, from Madras sod Bengal. PotrsmouTti, MAY 2.—Sailed the Greyhound cutter on a cruise, and his Majesty's s hip creol 6 to the Eastward. Came into harbour his MajestY l ship Wve, having sprung her fore-mast. FALMOUTH, APRIL 30.—Sailed his Majesty / ' ship "ratnar (24 guns) tor Jamaica. CONVOCATION.—Oo Saturday 1431, the Canso" cation wias held, by Adjournment, in the Jer os9' lent Chanibvr, nt Wc.Jlminstrr Abbey, and d' e Oration of the Dean ut li y estrninster, the Pr"' loca7or of the Lower House, wB3 delivered bet i t the Archbishop, a Colliiderable number 01 Bighops and Clergy at the Province of C a nter:, holy. The prayers were lead by the 1 3111 up LLANDAFF. NEW ARGYLL Rooms.—The Annual Concert 01 Nliss SHARP 100 k 14.41 night in these Ito,ilos' anti we were much gratified in seein , , by a ontnetotis cotupaoy, the interest which is !Act) Id favour of this excellent Performer and 'The Band, rather ,elect than n ituic' roux, was led very ably by Moat. Mits lc was agreeably diversified, consisting of a d ue 1 ,11) , pillion of vocal and instrumental. llt v octo pet forwers were Mr , . SALMON, 'FUER, GOODALL,MeiSr3.VAUGUAN, BELLAMY , Rut., HAWES, and MARSHALL The List is a it'il ;l of Mr. HAWKS. Ht.! I.WSSc9St'S a fine vole:" and in scientific skill does credit to his JO: waster. Miss SHARP gave Bocu3A's ~ tt military Concerto on the Harp with at;niirob'' ' , Lt shill. She also joined in a trio by Btsitt;P, the saute degree of skill, taste, and expression It was evident that tier s'reng'h is increased Ac i ' l '; oat lessening the deleacy of her touch ; anti 110- ► the applause which she received was a tr il w re her talents. not the mere effusion of friend hil Mrs. SALMON', at er fraying quitted the 1 chestra, was twice recalled by the audience, 51 0 repeated a " Pity a poor and f.ien(!l Girl," and " Odoiceroneetro," wh:ch Wag a ccol l) ; pitied on the Elate in n very masterly style .I"„ NICHOLSON, who also gave a Flute Coneerto•vv i ",; remarkable GooDALL. who is nor' , improved, sung " Mad Be-s " with g , eat c * ,,, pression. A very pleasing Glee, comoosed HAvi RS, WrtS welt supported by Miss Goo tyvll't Messrs. TERFAIL, MARSHALL, Dna RI,LL 0 5 I ', Miss Tette sung an Aria of PUCiTTA sit r 9 1 taste and executive shill. The whole seas itrk e ‘, a toll reward to the audience for their warn' 11, ft-image, on this occasion, isf nn amiable MAI 5 1 ° Inl ornament of the Musical troll 1. Contr: EXCHANGE,. MAY 3.--;r1 addition to ..cowattlerable tigatttity of 9V Beat that l'el 2 r 3 l" e ' S hood at the close of Zsilottdav's ,rather, we several fresh arrivals this tho;nintt from Sitil . " l4 ; 11';(1 having hut little (legion'', the yaks c vcn he tia st tigaiicies were heavy a t Alo , rdef: prices, und but a small p ortion what tc,is hibitrd was tiisposed of. Fit.! flesh 13 n, icy folly , npporis iMonday's priers kVc 10 " re consit!erable atrii;4l of o,tts to.glay, "' e . c not so Inik in sale as on M !MI LO; ; but (Jay's prices mere (obtained for fine 1 In 13,ans and Fess there is no alteration. The return of the KING to this Place is un cl ,/ lain, perhaps, not until after the Corona6 o : tf Whvo his i`:IAJEISTY was last taking ail ecineirrit)/ a iring ott the western downs, aceonipauio l - the Right Honourable Sir 1,, BLGOMFIELg' f opulent farmer rode up to and aothessed the io rif iv r , s peetliii/y observing, that the horses, i n ( it verging from the usual track, had got upoo where seeds were sown, the trampling of , v ll / might he of some injury to hint, the propriet or , f • Sir BENJAMIN politely thanked him fur his i'"°l,l4 mation, the SOVERFYGN 'towed, indicative or , e 0 Hypro!)atinii o the freedom used, and the I ,oF i ce weie instantly guided to the common Thad. 04 mention this occurrence as most aitsi , ifde nature, as aopertaining to the illustrious Pet SO"'l`;it named, alit all admirable lesson to o :hers iwiy chance to be pl,ced u m under circstance' 2 : - milar.---(Brighlon, Herald.) The arrival ti the Duke o C‘MBRIDGI3 at 131°5 wit k is announced in a Iftenkt , :rt Paper. ell The Duke and Duchess ot CLAttuNcz 11°90'2f,f Covent-garden Theatre with Cher -oce,,coce eveoing, to see the play of lienri Quaire. Royal Highnesses sat i,n the Kiog' , . hiix. fl lf Yesteiti: , y the Duchess ot CLAIIENcs vit.ifett"- 0 0 Duchess of KeNT, at the King's Palace at v": 01 sington, and al:erwards took Princess Aoll' Dn;NN an ailing in her carriage. 1 ,0 The Chamber of Con;merce of Edinburg h l petitioned Parliament on the subiect of w e c l e %eat depressed stateof commerce in All its brAneo, The merchants of Leith have also vefifioneti liament on the s,ame subject,. is said that another t.)ecial Commission ill been iss.ned f u r the Hied Of the late Il isorgent9wii Scotland, comisting Of the Heads of the Courts, Lord Presideot Iloyz, the Lord ' 1 ;0' Justice Clerk BoYl,l±, Lout Chief 1341. cm S ir . o lie r 4 mu EL Sit Er fl a a , the Lord Chief Cornatis'ler of the jury Court Atriam, with the I)ol'cid Justiciary. The period of its sitting is e$ P e to he in June. e A reward of 3aol. hccn offered for .1 ;05 0. ,' prehension of Roi:eki Fn/tern oincl John illitC'4,4CArt printers, lately employtql in the office 17 : j 0 r4,i . M'KENZia, Orlwer in Glas., 4 oev, wilt) ale c..• Tiler With High eason, anti haie ahaconded. orpei are sospectel of lovifig it,ed their master', frliel in prin:ing the late treasonable placard' ite O a , are both mere tads, the one 18 yeas of sO' other .30. Ade Illcas, the G e otlernan who su c c esstoi a de:iui in the character of " ►i y ( 1)1 Drury lane Theetre, is an Officert" half-pny, and the son f lee 3 Mr. iiiot s, Etirrti t).l - the late Mr, liait'ku.DAN. ney ~i3E plied extei ratio May Clot of tl taec atte kin( hik tat 4lt *ta Cu' Al 1,