The Sun. — London, England, 1855-04-04 00:00:00

Tom NVICATHEIL—Bus Ovncii, April. 4. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 52 - highest since noon yesteraay. 41—lowest this morning and during the night. 50—this day, at noon. BAROMETER, 29'77. WIND, N.E. to E.—Light breeze, with dull weather and occasional sunshine. Some rain in the morning. :~r~ , 9'r` — ' ~~~a l - y fY~/~ ~\ ~~V ~~ LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 4, 1855. - ----••••e•-.-- A time-honoured apophthegm tells us that Wretches hang, that jurymen may dine." It presents, however, but one phase of a great social grievance —an evil of no ordinary magni tude. It illustrates the habitual apathy and insouceance with which men disregard their most important public duties when opposed to their own private interests, inflicting the deepest in juries on their fellow-subjects, or on society in general, rather than submit to some trifling per sonal inconvenience. The adage is now applica ble, not merely to a petty jury, but to the grand inquest of the nation--not to a dozen persons whose compulsory attendance is required without recompence or acknowledgment, but to several hundred persons, who voluntarily solicit and. re sort to every effort to obtain the high distinction of a seat in the British Parliament, and expressly or impliedly bind themselves in the most solemn manner to discharge the arduous and. im portant duties incidental to the position. Never, perhaps, was there a national emergency when the utmost vigilance was more imperatively required at the hands of every member of either branch of the Legislature. The fate of Eur Ope, as well as the honour and welfare of the United Kingdom, is trembling in the balance. A ques tion of vital consequence is under discussion by the representatives of the different Po . wers assembled at the Austrian capital. Sinister rumours are in circulation as to the timid policy adopted by the English Plenipotentiary at the Conference. It is said, and, unfortunately the assertion is too strongly corroborated to warrant incredulity, that lie is willing to assent to terms alike discreditable and disastrous to the Western Powers ; to nego tiate a peace which cannot possibly prove perma nent, and which will leave the objects for which we were compelled to draw the sword, and to enter into what has been truly denominated " a just and necessary war" unaccomplished, which will leave our unfortunate protegee, in whose cause we buckled on our armour, in a much worse condition than he would have been but for our ill-omened assistance. It was almost at the very moment when these rumours had assumed such consistency as almost to compel belief-- when serious apprehensions were entertained that each day would bring forth the melancholy tidings of national disgrace—that the British Parliament adjourned for an unusu ally protracted vacation, suspending its sittings until the 16th instant, so that any possibility of interference, or even protest, was prevented until after the full consummation of the impending evil. Like the jurymen of the proverb, the chosen representatives of the British people were willing that any danger should be encountered, any mischief perpetrated, rather than their anti cipated holidays should be in any degree abbre viated. What signified the retention of Sebasto pol, in all its ominous strength, by the AUTOCRAT, in comparison to the full and unalloyed enjoy ment of tie Easter vacation by themselves, their f am ili e s, and dependents ! What signified th e loss of prestige by France and. England when weighed in the balance against the coveted opportunities of playing the great men at their respective country seats ! Unlike the energetic men described by the Roman poet— " Nil actum credeus, cunt quid superesset agendum," who considered nothing done while anything re mained to be accomplished, they are contented With the appearance of business, while their inac ti7itY and indifference is the theme of every 14 e. Two months have already been squar dared, and what are the fruits ? Save the sub stitution of the younger DROAIIO for his elder brother, and a much laraer infusion of the aris tocratic ele ment into the IVlinistry, nothing— literally nothing—has been achieved; while those who ought to be the vigilant guardians of the commonweal are piping and dancing at the edge of the volcano. It is then for " the Fourth E s t ate, " the much despised journalists, to assume the functions thus abdicated by the popular representatives—to up lift their warning voices, and to prevent the people from being deluded by the expeet a t• len o f peace, where there can be no real peace—t o ex _ pose the truckling subservience to " Germanism," that makes our representative, in obedience to the wishes of Austria, refrain from in sisting on the cession, or at least the dis mantling, of Sebastopol. As we have incessantly declared, and as we shall repeat while there is yet a hope of arousing the British nation from its slumber, there can be no satisfactory or lasting peace while a single fortification of Sebastopol.rc mains standing. It would be exposing Russia to a temptation under which she would unques tionably yield on the first convenient opportunity. Any promise respecting the limitation of her fleet would be worse than useless, inasmuch as it would infallibly be broken, and at a time when, owing to the undue reliance on the valueless pledge, we ;should be totally unprepared to enter on the inevitable conflict. It would even be better that England should fortify Sinope, and maintain a large navy in the Euxine, although, as we have already pointed out, such a course would be tan tamount to an addition of some 20 per cent. to the public debt, and a matter of thousands of valuable lives in every ensuing year ! Such matters prove beyond the possibility of doubt the impera tive necessity of decision at the existing crisis. We must not suffer " the light cloud" to pass away before the necessary measures are taken. The suspicious conduct of FRANCIS JOSEPH, the ominous neutrality of King LEOPOLD, prove that we are, and have long been, leaning on a broken reed, in hoping for the active co-operation of Austria. We must not suffer the bitter but salu tary lesson to be misapplied. Our real Ally is France. We should more closely cement the bonds by which we are united to her, and firmly eschew any course by which the hold which her chosen EMPEROR, the elected of eight millions of French men, has on the affections of his people, might be impaired or destroyed. The chivalry of France and England are unanimous in their views, and woe to any Minister who shall dare to conclude Treaty in opposition thereto ! The occurrences of importance which have transpired in various parts of the world contem poraneously with the progress of the European war between the Allied Powers and the Russian Autocracy, occurrences to which we yesterday made a sort of generalised reference as entitled to popu lar consideration, are sufficiently manifold to be wilder one at the first blush in their mere enumeration, and sufficiently varied to embarrass for a while whoever might venture upon their simple classification. A few of the more promi nent among these great popular events we took occasion to mention cursorily towards the close of our remarks last evening. Numerous others crowd upon the memory at the first mo ment of retrospect. It appears to us that, in the throng of these arresting recollections, the only escape from a chaotic confusion of all, jumbled promiscuously together, into anything like lucidity in the arrangement of each in its proper sequence, distinctly and individually, will be to recall to remembrance for an instant how it is that the principal powers of the earth are situated in regard to the struggle now raging in the East. Considering, in other words, what their precise position may be at this moment in reference to the somewhat momentous alternative of maintain ing to the last an inflexible neutrality, either armed or unarmed, as events may necessitate, or of directly participating in the struggle as among the actual and recognised belligerents. Whatever may be declared to the contrary by the more credulous votaries of our great political hubgoblin—Red-Tapist Diplomacy—it is still, up to this instant, matter of doubt how far Austria has embarked upon that ocean of difficulties—the war against the Russian Autocracy. Whether, in short, the Cabinet of Vienna has yet resolved upon a complete accordance with the Allied councils of St. James's and the Tuileries, or abso lutely broken, for once and for all, in this contest about Turkey, with the Imperial Court of St. Petersburg. It is perfectly well understood, on the contrary, what it is that may be expected from Prussia ; to speak plainly upon the matter, that nothing else can be looked for from the di , rection of Potsdam beyond duplicity, insincerity, hypocrisy, and vacillation whatever may at any time have been hinted at Paris by M. WEDELL, or at London by M. USEDOM, as to the possibility of any more favourable result to their frivolous and protracted negotiations. It is re cognised by the discovery that nothing advan tageous to the interests of the Western Powers can be wrested from the tenacious servility of M. MANTEUFFEL to the crocked and despicable policy hitherto in vogue at Charlottenburg. It is perceived no less plainly that little benefit to the same.cause can be seriously anticipated at the instance of M. BuoL, as the mouthpiece of the scarcely less cooked and despicable policy of Schoenbrunn. It were hardly more absurd, in either instance, to expect fair play and honest dealing in regard to the questions now at issue, from the wily words and tortuous state craft of the smooth spoken but uuyieldino• and wholly inexorable M. DE NESSBLRODE. Turkey has long since come to the decision of looking for little, in the way of active support in her antagon ism to Russia, beyond what is derivable from that twofold tower-of-strength in which she has until now, neither idly nor vainly confided, the energetic and strenuous assistance magnanimously afforded by France and England united. The warlike aid yielded to the Divan by Egypt can not, of course, be included in any way within the same category—the powerful contingent re cently disembarked at Eupatoria, being in truth nothing more nor less than a splendid attestation of loyalty front a faithful Viceroy to his liege Lord and Suzerain. Something different, it is true, might be said as to the contingent about to be conducted to the shores of the Crimea, by General DE LA MARMORA, as the leader of the gallant soldiers of Sardinia. Nevertheless, all else becomes subordinated in this particular to the attitude assumed towards the giant enemy of civilisation, on behalf of his Imperial MAJESTY the Sultan ABD-UL-ME,DJID, by the two most influential among the mightier powers of the earth, those respectively presided over by the constitu tional sway of Queen VICTORIA, and the autho ritative sceptre of the Emperor NAPOLEON. Sus tained b y t hi s momentous alliance between the FrenchEng lishana little t o the G Sublimeovernme it p nts o , rte signifies comparativelywhether or no the rest of the States of Europe refrain al together from participating in the perils of the contest, or evince an anxiety to share in the glories of the struggle by the contribution to the armies now, during the last six months, en camped before Sebastopol. Nevertheless, it still continues worthy of note to every impartial ob server of these extraordinary events, that while most of the lesser powers of Germany betray an agreement with the more timorous policies hitherto cherished both at Berlin and Vienna, many others among the minor States of Europe reveal, on the other hand, a manifest, and wise, and 'magnani mous accordance with the more chivalrous course pu rsued from the outset by the councils of Paris and London, as well as more recently by the Ca binet of Turin, in fartherance of the cause which, in the first instance, summoned forth against the t' antic authority of the CZAR the then unassisted fleets and armies suldenly collected together from Alt-!.a and • r'a , and Cort.stantinople. There can be Scaxeelyanydoubt, or example, that weden would 1;1.01 v avail it ' 4 el I • f o.t: the earliest reasonable opportu nity of drawing the sword from the scabbard as amongst tlwranks of th e • Allies, if merely with an eye to the vague char; cc of so I nle possible reacquisition of Finland. Ia like manner there can be but little question, ti .11 things considered, that Den mark would ha ir with satisfaction any prospect that might reasonably open up to her th e perma neut and secure reclamation from Prussian influ ences of the entire di the Schleswig-Holstein popu lations. Belgilvn, meanwhile, remains true to riniriAta " Zraiiiii6.3, Ur, gio Raduead Pri3Bll as usual. THIS IMENING, ,itb.a.. LISP PERFORMANCE of Meyerbeer's L'ETOILE f U NORD as originally produced in England. Immense reception of the gre4t Finale o the second act, performed by Four compere Orchestras, and a Chorus of 61 Voices, with Solos by Miss Po le, Mr. Bowl er, Mr. Blacke, and Mr. Henri Dray ton. Selections fr o m •' Bohemian Girl" aad " Maritana," together with the celebrated " March aux Flambeaux," and a new Quartette and Chorus, " Viva Luigi Napo leons," composed in honour of the approaching vi-it of his Imperial Majesty of France to this country. Admission—Dress Circle, 23 6d; Promenade and all other parts of the house, Is. THEME ROYAL HAYMARKET. Under the management of Mr. Blackstone. ON EASTER MONDAY_ . . Will be presented THE SECRET AGENT. Principal characters by Mr. Backstone and Miss E. Chaplin. To be followed by a new Ballet, in which the Spanish Dancers will *PPM', entitled THE EVENING FESTIVAL. After which, a new Extravaganza. called THE NEW HAT MARIEEP SPRING MEETING, 1855. Te eerclude with THE GALICIAN FETE. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. CaAazza Khan. ON EASTER MONDAY Will be performed LIVING TOO FAST. T o be folowed by THE CORSICAN BROTHERS. Principal character by Mr. C. Kean. To conclude with (first time) a Romance, in two acts. entitled THE MULETEER OF TOLEDO; or, King, Queen, and Knave. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Wm. Cooke. • - William Cooke begs to acknowledge one of the most successful seasons of the Royal Amphitheatre, and announces that on EAz•TEIt MONDAY there will be produced an original Equidrama, to be called, THE FIELD AGAINST 'THE FAVOURITE; developing events ot peculiar character and general interest ! Novel SCENES in the CIRCLE, and a variety of amusements, will end their aid t i the evening's entertainment. Boa-office open from Eleven tlll Pour. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. Acting Manager. r. W. IL Cooke. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, jun. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Under the direction of Miss Rebecca Isaacs. THIS EVE NLYG, fl WIZARD of the WORLD will appear is his Magic Saloon , with a variety of amusements. To be followed by THE BARBER OF CADIZ, introducing the Drury-lane Ballet Con any. HIGH WATIM AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tani DST —Morning 3 min.aiter 3 1 Evening 20 rnin.sit. 3 Toarcagoir _m orn i ng 34 inin.after 3 1 Evening 49 adn.aft. 3 TE lug, LONDON. her sympathies with the contiguous Confederation. Spa iti• has enough to do just now, in all con science, in keeping a more vigilant watch than ever upon the Carlist provinces, in the reviving dread that CABRERA may once again prove himself to be a not unworthy successor of the heroic ZU3IALACAREGIII. To say nothing of the strenu ous efforts sustained by ESPARTERO in the Cortes, in the desperate hope of yet accomplishing success fully the long awaited labour of a complete con stitutional reorganisation. Portugal, having to all appearance abandoned, at least for a while, its Miguelite day-dreams, ever since the unjustifiable suppression from without of the Junta of Oporto, seems to be contentedly watching the endeavours made by the Regency to pave the way to the throne of the BRAGANZAS, if not to strew the path with the roses of popularity for the stripling son and successor of MARIA. DA GLORIA. Having rapidly surveyed the relative situation of the principal and secondary powers of Europe, at a juncture when the sword of the CZAR is crossed simultaneously by those of England, France, Turkey, Egypt, and Sardinia—when Austria remains with hers dubiously half-drawn from the scabbard—when Sweden and Denmark have each an eager but hesitating hand upon the hilt—when Prussia would almost seem to have twisted hers into a corkscrew : it will not be dif ficult to consider altogether irrespectively of the present struggle in the Crimea—the more conspi cuous events which have simultaneously transpired elsewhere, not in Europe only, but also in the rest of the four continents, and even among our Australian antipodes, in the Western as well as in the Eastern hemisphere. It can hardly be other wise than judicious to take more than one retro spective glance at occurrences of this immediately contemporaneous character. Besides, one would be scarcely adequate for the mere task of their epitomised enumeration. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen, attended by the Duchess of Athol!, Lord Charles Fitzroy and Colonel,Seymour, visited her Royal Highness the Duchess of Glocester yesterday afternoon at Glocester-house. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent and the Prince Ernest of Leiningen visited her Majesty yesterday at Buckingham Palace. Prince Albert presided yesterday morning at a meet ing: of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851. His Royal Highness, attended by Colonel Seymour, arrived at the New Palace of Westminster at 11 o'clock. The commissioners present were—Lord Stanley of Alderley, Lord Overstone, Sir Alexander Spearman, Sir William Cubitt, Sir Charles Eastlake, Sir Richard Westmacott, Mr. T. F. Gibson, Mr. Hamilton, and Colonel Oliphant. Mr. Edgar Bowring, secretary to the commission, attended. Dr. Lyon Playfair was present. The meeting broke up at a quarter before two o'clock. The Royal dinner patty in the evening at Bdcking ham Palace included their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess Augustin of Saxe Coburg, his Serene High ness the Prince of Leiningen, his Serene Highness Prince Ernest of Leinirigen, the Ear! of Clarendon, Lady Caroline Barrington, ta Lady in Waiting to the Princess Augustus of Saxe-Coburg, Lady Charles Fitzroy, Major- General Wylde, and the Gentlemen in Waiting t.Prince Augustus of Saxe-Coburg. . . The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt held a quarterly meeting yesterday at the official residence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, in Down. ing-street. Present—the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Governor of the Bank of England, and the Deputy- Governor. Sir Alexander Spearman, Secretary and Controller-General to the Commissioners, attended. The Education Committee of her Majesty's most Hon. Privy C.)uncil had a meeting on Monday, at the Council office. The Lords present were—the Lord President, the Duke of Argyll, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Sir George Grey, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Mr•. Henry Smith had an interview with Viscount Palmerston yesterday, respecting travelling impregnable batteries. THE ThEFERIAL VISIT TO ENGLAND. "The Imperial yacht, the Reine Hortense," says the Sentinelle of Toulon, " will have all her fittings com pleted in time to reach Boulogne on the 15th, to be at the disposal of their Majeeties." The small screw-vessel Faon, at Calais, it is said, will be a tender to the Royal yacht. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, accom• panied by his Serene Highness Prince Ernest of Lein ingen, is expected to leave Clarence House to-day, for Frogmore Lodge, where the Royal Duchess will remain during the stay of her illustrious daughter and the court at the Castle. Viscount a►nd Vountess Palmerston entertained at dinner, on Monday evening, at their mansion, on the Terrace, Picea hllr, his Excellency the Sardinian Mini ter, L'Ainiral Viscount de Chanabot, the Earl and Counte:s of Shaftesbury, Admiral Deans Dundas and La 'y Emily Deans Dundas, Miss Bowles, Sir Benjamin and Lady Hall, Sir John Shelley, Sir Augustus Clifford and Miss Clifford, and Mr. R. W. Grey, M.P. The Earl of Clarendon passes the Easter vacation in town. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess Au gustus of Saxe•Cubourg visited her Royal Highness the Duches, of Gloucester yesterday. The Earl of Burlington and Lady Louisa Cavendish were to leave his lordship's seat, Holkar Hall, in Cum berland, yesterday, for Castle Howard, on a visit to the Countess Dowager of Carlisle. The Earl of Cardigan arrived in Portman-square on Monday, from visiting the Duke of Rutland, at Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire. The Earl of Glengall was sufficiently convalescent to take carriage exercise on Monday last. Sir Charles Fitzroy, K.C.13., late Governor-General of Australia, has arrived at Farrance's Hotel, Belgrave street. The Countess of Abergavenny, and family, have left Eridge Castle, and are at present staying at Birling Manor, from whence they are expected to come to town after Easter. The Hon. E. Mostys, M.P., is a guest at Biding. The Earl of Abergavenny leaves town this morning for Birling. The Earl and Countess of Harrowby are visiting some friends in Surrey, a few miles from town. Her ladyship and family are not expected to return to town at present. The earl is in town daily. Viscount and Viscountess Falmouth left London this morning for Mereworth Castle, Kent, where they will pass the Easter recess. Viscount and Viscountess Sydney have left London for Paris, on a visit to their Excellencies Lord and Lady Cowley. Miss Burdett Coutts is in Suffolk for a few days, visiting a relative. _ _ _ Baron Prevost, formerly private secretary t• Kings Louis XVIII. and Charles X., died three days ago at the chateau of Voiaeuon. aged 73. _ We regret to hear that Mr. Blackett, M.P., is seri ously ill at Paris. Galignani states that he is paralysed on one side. The incumbency of Kirkdale, 'near Liverpool, has become vacant by the death of the Rev. George Dover, MA. The benefice, which is worth 2001. a-year, is in the gift of trustees. Captain Douglas, who took out tha General Screw Company's steamer Bosphorus to Australia, has been appointed harbour-master at Port Phillip, with a salary of 2,0001. a year, and a residence found him. It is reported that Mr. Mitchell, of Bond-street, will take over to Paris an English dramatic company during the period of the Exhibition. A public meeting is called at the Shire-hall, Chelms fori, on Thursday next, to consider the best course for securing the All England Meeting of the Royal Agri cultural Society for the year 1856 being held at Chelms ford. The installation of Mr. Layard as Lord Rector of Marischal College, Aberdeen, will take place on Thurs day. The Lord Rector, it is understood, will afterwards attend the launch of the magnificent vessel now building by the Messrs. Hall; and give her a name. The election to fill the vacancy in the representation of the borough of Lewes, occasioned by the Hon. H. Brand accepting the office of Junior Lord of the Trea sury, is fixed for to-morrow (Thursday). The hon. gen tleman is at present the only candidate in the field, and it is expected there will be no opposition. We ( Caledonian Mercury) regret to learn that Mr. Wallace, long the member f)r Greenock, is labouring under severe indisposition, arising from bronchitis. Mr. Wallace is in his 82d year, and his present ailment is causing considerable anxiety and alarm to his numerous frietvls. ROYAL SOCIETY OF LIT ERATURE. —Professor Christ mas gave another lecture on the " Domestic Life of our Ance " yesterday at the rooms of the above insti.. tiition. The subject for illustration was "Ornament," as a part of COS SoclEri of Anis —The paper to be read at this even nieetiniz is by Mr. Herbert Mackworth—" On the Di- , rases afid Accidents Of Minei , ." Rovar. ITALIAN OPER.I.—We understand that "Guil tittiate Tell will be performed for the inauguration of Cie forilicoining .season. MaItIZIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—The marriage of the Earl daughtero fLichfield of n will take place iwthiethmtahrequLisadoyf AHbaerrreieotamilton, eldest r during the present month, at Brocket Hall, Herts. DEATH OF R. C. CARPENTER, ESQ.—We are sorry to have to announce the loss of one of our most accom plished architects, in the premature decease, on the 27th ult., at the early age of 43, of R. C. Carpenter, Esq., distinguished by the success with which he has prose- I cuted that revival of Gothic architecture which forms so characteristic a feature of th e p resent generat i on. 9 srAIVISU BONDllOLnela. WEDNRSDAY EYII?4ING, APRILI The following correspondence has reference to the claims of the English bondholders on the Spanish Government, which would appear to have been enforced by lier Majesty's representative, Lord Howden, with a degree of energy and ability that cannot be sufficiently commended : "To HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT OF THE CORTES, &C., &C. " London, March 20, 1855. " The undersigned members of the Committee of Spanish Bondholders in London, and representatives of the certificates issued for that portion of the public debt of Spain which was not funded by the Government of her Catholic Majesty under the law for its settlement, dated let August, 1851, beg most respectfully to address your Excellency on behalf of their constituents. " The certificates given by this committee to the holders of Spanish Bonds represent the one half of the arrears of interest due on their bonds at the period of conversion, an interest which had accrued and remained unpaid for a period of upwards of 10 years, upon a debt which had already been reduced under the conversion of Count Tor reno ; these certificates were issued, therefore, as a protest of the bondholders against the terms of a conversion which was manifestly unjust, but to which they were compelled to submit, or they would have lost their right to the con version of their capital int) Deferred Bonds. " The undersigned have made repeated representations to the Ministers of her Catholic Majesty, from whom they , have received assurances that the claims of the certificate holders are entitled to every consideration, but that their admission depends on the Cortes. This has been particu lar y the case with their representation to his Excellency the Duke of Victory, who, with that sense of justice which so eminently distinguishes his Excellency's character, has admitted the justice of this claim by assuring this commit tee, through its agent at Madrid, Ignaee Barter, Esq., that he and the Cabinet over which he presides will heartily endeavour to obtain from the approaching Cortes a just and prompt solutio❑ of this affair, respecting which the Minister of Finance had consulted him.' "The undersigned, therefore, presume to submit to the consideration of your honourable house the claims of their constituents, and confidently trust that this appeal to the honour of the Cortes of Spain will not be made-in vain. " Th‘question at issue is one of very little pecuniary importance, considering the great resources of the country, and a recognition of the claims of the certificate-holders would at once restore to the Spanish nation the credit to which its resources and its reputation for honour clearly entitle it. " The undersigned have the honour to subscribe them selves your Excellency's most obedient humble servants, " LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD. " LIEUT-COL. SIR HENRY BAYLY, K.H. " DAVID MILNE HOME, Esq., of and Coldstream. " Wm. HENDERSON. " LOUIS SAMSON. " PRESIDENCY OF THE CONSTITUENT CORTES. "My Lord,—l have received your lordship's courteous communication of yesterday's date, enclosing the petition which has been addreszed to me by a considerable number of your fellow-citizens residing in London, and in which, with reference to an importhnt affair, they set forth their grievances to the Spanish Cortes, and request that this assembly will adopt a just decision, which may secure to the petitioners the rights which they consider themselves entitled to. " As soon as this document reached mo I hastened to give it due course, and it has been this very same day laid before the Cortes, who have determined that it be referred to the proper committee, this being the only step they could take for the present, according to the regulations. " With regard to myself, it will afford me the greatest pleasure to see that the affair in question, the gravity of which I acknowledge, may have a satisfactory solution, and I trust that the Cortes will examine the claims of the English creditors with all the consideration which is due to thorn. " I am extremely obliged to your lordship for the bene volent feelings which you have the goodness to express towards myself, and I avail, dm., (Signed) "FACUNDO INFANTE. " Madrid, 27th March, 1835." The shipments of specie by the Peninsular and Ori ental steamer Tagus amount to 150,8771., of which 29,5741. is gold for Alexandria, Madras, Singapore, and Hong Kong, and 121,3031. silver, for Bombay, Ceylon, Calcutta, Penang, Singapore, Hong Kong, Canton, and Shanglia;. Loss OF THE AMERICAN PACKET-SHIP HENDRIK HUD SON.—Advices have been received at Liverpool of the foundering at sea, on the 12th March, of the American packet-ship Hendrik Hudson, while on her voyage from New York to London, with the loss of two lives ; the rest of the crew have arrived at Philadelphia. The Vladida of Montenegro has ordered a ten days' mourning, of the deepest kind, for the late Czar. Hopes are entertained that Alexander 11. will appreciate this manifestation, and restore the pension of 8,000 zeckins per annum, which Nicholas cut off in 1842, after it had been duly paid for a generation. THE HOP MAEKET.—The public sale of hops at tracted a numerous attendance at the Corn Exchange, Mark lane, on Monday, when Messrs. Rice, Brothers, alluded to the lately discovered fraud, and thanked the public press for their notice of it. The samples offered comprised a large quantity of foreign, principally new Bavarian, the prices for which ranged from 11/. to 131., and American about G/. in bond. New Kent and Sussex fetched 121. ta - 141., but for old hops there was little competition. The sale was prejudiced by the noisy in terruptions of the trade, who appear much opposed to the public auctions. CHARITABLE BEQUESTS.—Miss Ileberden, the bene volent lady whose decease at Exeter was announced 4 few weeks since, has by her will bequeathed the follow ing donations :—Parent Society for the Propagation of Gospel in Foreign parts, 1,0001. ; Parent Society for Employing Additional Curates, 1,0001. ; Governesses' Institution, 1,0001.; Colonial Bishops, 1,0001.; Infant Asylum for Orphans, 5001. ; Exeter Dispensary, 1001. ; Exeter Penitentiary, 1001. ; Exeter Branch of tile Sa ciety for the Euiployment of Additional Curates, 1001. ; Devon and Exeter Institution fur the Blind, 1001. ; St. Sidwel!'s Schools, 50/. ; and St. James's Schools, 501. ; waking a total of 5,0001. SURREY CONSUMERS' Gas COMPANY.—The half-yearly meeting of this company was held yesterday at the Br'dge•house Hotel, Southwark ; Mr. Thomas Pocock in the The directors stated in their report that they had every reason to be satisfied with the position the company has attained, and the evidence afforded of its progressive improvement. The accounts for the half year ending 31st December showed a net profit of 3,9371. Is. 3d., from which the directors recommended that a dividend at the rate of 8 per cent. per annum, free of in come tax, upon the capital of the company should be paid, leaving a surplus in hand of 9981. 10s. 11d. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S SECOND SPRING MEET ING.—This society held another meeting yesterday, in the midst of a crowd of beautiful flowers, rich fruits, and flue vegetables. The rooms in Regent-street were again transformed into a garden, thronged with fashionable visitors, among whom we remarked his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops of London and Winchester, the Marchioness of Hast ings, Lord Sondes, the Right Hon. the Speaker, Sir Philip and Lady Egerton, the Right Hon. T.F. Kennedy, itc. On this occasion azaleas contended with roses, hya cinths with cinerarias (perfect gems, from the royal nursery at Slough) and crowds of orchids, while strange-looking and beautiful plants filled up the spaces between, among which all were struck with the glowing blossoms of a fine collection of begonias, from her Majesty's garden at Frogmore.. PRICE OF GOLD.--The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par (according to the last tariff), which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 10Ad. per ounce for stand ard gold, gives an exchange of 2 . 5.17; and, the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25.10, it follows that gold is about 0.28 per cent. dearer in Paris than in London. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 423 per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. lqd. per ounce for standard gold, gives an ex change of 13.3 i ; and, the exchange at Haniburg on London at short being 13'5, it follows that gold is 0.53 per cent. dearer in London than in Hamburg. The course of exchange at New York on London for bills at 60 days' sight is 110 per cent., and, the par of exchange between England and America being 109 2340 per cent., it follows that the exchange is nominally 0 . 42 per cent. in favour of England ; and, after making allowance for charges of transport and difference of interest; the pre sent rate leaves a profit on the importation of gold front the United States. AND WOUNDED. ters, on the 23d, with rockets. ETON COLLEGE, March 30.—The eight best candi dates for the Newcastle Scholarship, whose arrangement has been confused in some reports, were thus placed by the examiners ; —l. Warner (Scholar) ; 2. Hodgson, K. S. (Medallist) ; 3. Sir George Young (proxinie accessit) ; 4. Kirby ' • 5. Chute; 6. Witt, K.S. ; 7. Pro thero ; 8. Churtou, K.S. The examiners were the Rev. Rowland Williams, Fellow of King's College, Can. bridge, and Arthur Hobhouse, Esq., of Lincoln's-inn. In announcing the final result, they expressed their satisfaction at finding no sign of degeneracy from the classical accomplishments of Eton, either in Latin verse or in any other part of the work ; but they noticed signs of improvement in respect of range of information and power of exhibiting it methodically. The examiners also mentioned, as worthy of some distinction, the names of six other candidates:—Browning, K.S., Buckle, K.S., Hor. A. Herbert, E. Herbert, Sir Hicks-Reach, and June,. WYLD'S GLOBE.—The model of Sebastopol at Mr. Wyld's Great Globe has lately had placed upon it all the positions of the allied forces, and visitors can now, by a short trip to Leicester-square, and the payment of one shilling, inspect at their leisure, safe from shells or sur prises, the whole of the fortifications, batteries, and siege works erected, up to the present time, in the Crimea by either English, French, or Russians. The lesson of the model is aided by a lecture, delivered at intervals, and presenting a brief history of the struggle on the Czar's territory, from the landing of our forces down to the late of our correspondent's last letter. Appeilded to tie model is a small museum of various articles found at Alma and Botnarsund ; including swords, mu,kets, hafcliet, lamps, books, mess utensils, helmets, gauntlets, cows, ecc. From the chapel at Bomarsund various ar ticle g were taken, and aaiong these here exhibited are 6„ very 'handvorne priest's vest of scarlet and gold, and a quern 'Uty of wax tapers, &c. The attendance, both of eivili kris and ruilit.iry, at the Globe is very numerous. All p ivate soldi-rs have the privile?.e of a free admission. TE E OEDNANCIf FACTOR). AT iNFIELD LOCK.—The Gove raiment Ordnance Factory. for the manufacture of musk !ts and small arms at Enfield Lock, having been found •very inadequate to the extensive supply at present require 1, is about being incia-ased to a very considerable extent. The new building, when complete, will be sur mountet l by a corrugated iron roof of immense space. In noose, quence of the large number of workmen now employe( I, and those that will be necessarily required, the Eastern Counties Railway Company have established a new sta tiou about a quarter of a mile from the factory, and midway between the Waltham and Ponder's End stations., tilereby saving the workmen a walk of at least two miles. This new station was opened to the public on Monday last. LATEST NEWS• THE RUSSIAN SORTIE ON MARCH 22 AND 23. 2,000 RUSSIANS KILLED GENERAL CANROBERT'S DESPATCH'. PARIS, WEDNESDAY MORNING. A despatch has been received from General Canrobert, dated March 29, giving an account of a sortie wade by the Russians on the night of the 22d and morning of the 23d. He states that the enemy were vigorously driven back, with a loss of no less than 2,000 killed or wounded. The loss of the Allies was GOO. MARSEILLES, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 4. The Simois, which left Constantinople on the 26th, has arrived. Despatches for the Government left at 11 a.m. Ali Pasha left last Thursday for Vienna. The Russians made a sortie on the 23d, and were repulsed. The English lost Colonel Kelly - , of the 34th ; Captain Browne, of the 7th ; and Captain Vicars, of the 97th. Two other officers were wounded, and one is missing. The French lost 300 in killed, wounded, and missing. The French set fire to Sebastopol in two quar- VIENNA, WEDNESDAY MORNING. According to the Fremden Blatt the operations of the Allies have begun. It is said that Omar Pasha is advancing on Old Fort from Eupatoria, and that the French are to take the field, while the English defend the plateau, the railway, and Balaklava. There are vague rumours both of defeats and victories sustained and gained by the Allies. [Old Fort, it will be remembered, is the point on the coast between Eupatoria and Sebastopol at which the allied forces landed in September last.] VIENNA, TUESDAY EVENING. A kind of panic prevails here, as it is believed the Conferences have been broken off. They are only suspended until Monday or Tuesday next, when the Russian Ministers will have received their fresh instructions. FRANCE. (FROM ovR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, TUESDAY EVENING. The following private telegraphic despatches have been received to-day : VIENNA, 2d, evening.—The Conference at its eighth sitting, held to-day, adjourned to after Easter. BERLIN, 3d.—A report which had been current that M. de Manteuffel was about to proceed to Vienna is without foundation. According to the last accounts from St. Petersburg, the Empress Alexandra, widow of the Czar Nicholas, will visit this city in Jun© next. Prince Charles of Prussia has left St. Petersburg for Moscow. MADRID, 2d.—The majority of the committee appointed to examine the bill on the national guard are in favour of that measure. The Government has brought in a bill to authorise burial grounds for non-Catholics. The 1 1 oniteur contains the following letter of the 31st Mardi, to the Emperor, front the Minister of Foreign Affairs : " Sire,—Your Majesty having deigned to decide that your Minister of Foreign Affairs shall proceed to Vienna, to convey to the Conferences the direct expression of your ideas, I have the honour to propose to you to con fide, during the short period of my absence, the direction of the department of Foreign Affairs to M. Thouvenel, minister plenipotentiary of the first class, and director of political affairs. Your Majesty will doubtless be of opi nion that the welfare of the service demands that M. Thouvenel should be admitted to receive your orders and to transmit them. He will be also charged to receive the communications of the foreign diplomatic corps, and to reply to them. As it is possible that the business of the department may necessitate the presentation to your Majesty of decrees or other documents of sovereign au thority, which require to be countersigned by a secretary of state, I beg your Majesty to consent that that part of the functions confided to me may be exercised by the Minister of Justice. lam with respect, &c. " DROUYN DE L'HITYS." • This letter is followed by a decree carrying out the suggestions therein contained. The long-expected bill for putting a tax upon horses and carriages in Paris has been presented to the Corps Legislatif. The tax will only affect horses and carriages used for what are commonly styled purposes of pleasure. A letter from before Sebastopol of the'l9th in the Semaphore of Marseilles, says "Our second parallel, close to the Malakhoff Tower, and in general adjoining the faubourg of Karalielnaid, was completed two nights back, our adversaries not being at present more than 250 metres distant from our works. Our batteries are now in place, our ammunition ready, and . our troops full of ardour ; but there still re main unfinished some parts of the works connecting our lines to those of the English ; but little, however, is wanting, and our allies, the English, will soon complete all that is required. We tried our guns last night for some time, the fire from the town in return being rather slack. I regret to say that Colonel V%issier, of the 7th light infantry, a young officer of great courage and ability, was shot through the head and died instantaneously. We have had several affairs with the Russians lately, and in every case have had the advantage. Generally, these attacks were in the front or the neighbourhood of the Malakhoff Tower. The health of the troops continues good ; provisions and stores of all kinds are arriving in abundance ; and every one wishes for the gene ral assault, which, it is thought, must take place in a few days. We have no news of any importance from Eupatoria. Everything is quiet there, with the exception of some occasional skirmishes with the ad vanced posts of the Russians. It appears that the ru mours of Iskender Bey's death were erroneous. The List accounts state that he is recovering from his wounds. We learn from Kamiesh that the aqueduct at that place is now completely finished. It is 563 metres in length. The pipes are of oast iron ; they formerly conveyed water as far as Sebastopol, and have been dug up from their former position by the sailors. Two pumps raise the water from a spring which furnishes it to a platform, whence it runs through the pipes as far as the sea side in sixteen minutes. One of these pumps, which belonged to the Henri IV., readily furnishes 10 tons of water an hour, and the two together 15 tons. This aqueduct is of the greatest advantage to the fleet, and has been constructed without any extra ex pense, and solely by the industry of the French seamen. The merchant shipping will also benefit by it. A cer tain number of officers and men have been appointed as superintendents and guardians of this valuable work, and Admiral Bruat has published an order of the day ex pressing his satisfaction at the zeal and energy displayed in its construction." BOURSE, AP: L 3.—CLOSING PRICES. Cash. tr. c. End of Mouth. 41, per Cents 94 50 94f. 50e. 3 per Cents 69 80 69f. 90e. Credit Mobilier Bl5 Roman Credit Foncior 540 Austrian Belgian Fivea — Spanish Threes — Piedmoutese — Home Debt 3l. `RAILWAYS—Mt CASH. - fr. c. fr. c. Orleans Western 667 5) Holten Cate 622 50 Strasburg . Metliterranev.n Northeru , 875 Cherburg TURKEY. A letter from Constantinople of the 22(1, in the Courrier de Marseille, says : " Considerable sensation continued to Le produced here, by the anticipated arrival of the Emperor and Em press of the French. Every preparation is being male to give them a magnificent reception. As some of the details of the ceremonial which is to follow the arrival of their Majesties, should they think to visit us, are in discord with old Mussulman usages, and with the reli gious. precepts of the Koran, such for instance as the Sultan showing himself in public, giving his arm to I L a „,l o..timilarly to s OhrigilAii i Mh,/ lesty submitted the question to his Council of Mi nisters, and the latter, after due deliberation, have regulated the ceremonial as follows :—The Grand Vizir, Reschid Pacha, will go to the Thixdanelles and there await the arrival of the Emperor and Empress. The Sultan will embark on board a Turkish steam-fri gate and go and meet their Majesties at Gallipoli. On arriving there, their Majesties will land on the quay of the Palace of Balta Lima, which has been selected for their residence. The Sultan will give his arm to the Empress and lead her as far as the door of the apart ment appropriated to the ladies, which in the Turkish language bears the name of theHamerlik. There be will present her to the first Sultana (there are seven Sultanas who take rank accordingto the order of birth of the child ren they have born to the Sovereign). The first Sultana will have her face uncovered ; will be very richly dressed for the occasion ; and will be attended by all her ladies in full dress, as well as by four young ladies chosen from amongst the first Armenian families, and who speak French and Turkish. These latter will re main at the disposal of the Empress as ladies of honour and interpreters. Vie Quay, as far as the staircases, will be covered with rich carpets. The Sultan will then repair with the Eiiiperor Napoleon into another apart ment, where all the great bodies and dignitaries of the State will be presented. The Turkish, French, and English troops will be drawn up on either side of the passage of the Imperial cortege, and salvoes of artillery will be fired from the batteries and by the vessels in the roadstead. Magnificent presents in diamonds and bril liants have been prepared for the Empress, and also a lady's saddle ornamented with precious stones. The Empress will, it is said, remain here while the Emperor, and probably the Sultan, proceed to Sebastopol." RUSSIA. According to letters from St. Petersburg, the entire corps of Dragoons is now in or near the theatre of war. This body of troops, together with a division of light horse and various detachments of horse artillery, amounting in all to 18,000 men, is placed under the command of Lieut.-General Pauloff. The immediate destination and task :of the force is understood to be the defence of Pere kop. The Russians are now surrounding Odessa with a continuous line of ramparts, to which they are adding five forts, three of which are in close connection with the earthworks. AUSTRIA. THE VIENNA CONFERENCES. VIENNA, March 31.—The Conference held yes terday lasted but two hours, and there will be no sitting until Monday. These two facts aro of importance, as they indirectly prove that a very great diversity of opinion prevails on the ques tion of the abolition of the supremacy of Russia in the Black Sea. Until now the information which you have received from me respecting the Conferences has been exact, but to-day tha in telligence which has been acquired is contradic tory. It is a matter of doubt whether the Con ference will on Monday proceed with the third point, or leave it in abeyance, and enter into the fourth. One person assures me that the French and British Ministers will insist on the settlement of the Black Sea question before they discuss that which bears reference to the spiritual protectorate claimed by Russia, while another as positively asserts the very reverse. Under such circumstances there is nathing to be done but to take the common sense view of things, and to suppose that the Re presentatives of the allied Governments must agree in thinking that it would be mere loss of time to touch on the fourth point until its all-important predecessor has been satisfactorily disposed of. The Archduchess Maria Dorothea died yester day, at 4 o'clock in the morning. PRUSSIA. A letter from Berlin of the 31st ult., in the Constitutionnel, says : "The accounts from Vienna to-day are not very fa vourable to peace. Doubts'begin to be entertained of the possibility of coining tl an understanding, since it has been known that little disposition is manifested at St. Petersburg to make concessions. The most exten sive armaments are going on here quietly, in order to he ready for any event. The reports from the ambas sador at Paris do not testify very good feelings towards Prussia on the part of France. The hereditary Princess of Saxe Mei ningen, daughter of Prince Albert of Prussia, and niece of the king, died last evening in a very sudden and unexpected manner. The king was very much at tached to her, and her death has produced great affliction at the court. A new Austrian circular despatch has been received to-day in reply to the Prussian cir cular of the 16th of March. It is said to he couched in language quite as sharp as that of the Prussian despatch itself. The counter proposition which was submitted to the Conference of Vienna by the Russian plenipoten tiaries on the third proposition, was previously commu nicated to the cabinet of Berlin, which approved of it." The _Hamburg Correspondent states from Berlin that the negotiations now pending between Prussia and Austria do not relate to the question of mo bilisation, as had been erroneously supposed, but are of the same nature as those which Prussia is pursuing at Paris and London,. viz., to decide on the form under which Prussia is to accede to the treaty of December 28. SWEDEN. A letter from Stockholm states that the Russian Admiral Count Von der Hoyden had arrived in that city, and notified to the King of Sweden the death of the Emperor Nicholas ; also, that M. Daschkoff, the Russian Minister, had presented new credentials, which accredited him as Minister of the Emperor Alexander. The letter likewise states that the King had ordered that a battalion of bombardiers and two battalions of gunners, be longing to the divisions of the flotilla which were disarmed at the beginning of the winter, should be called into active service. It remarks that this is the only warlike measure which has been adopted during the present year ; and that it forms a strik ing contrast with the extraordinary activity in making military and naval preparations which was displayed about this period last year. A letter of the sth ult. from Seragevo (better known by the name of Bosna-Serai), in the Moni teur, says:—" Kourchid Pacha returned two days ago from his expedition to Novi-Bazar, in the south of Bosnia, and in the districts of Bihor and Ter gova. Those turbulent districts have been restored to order. Kourchid Paella took advantage of the salutary impression produced by his presence to organise a local administration ; and has appointed a council, containing at least two Christians in every district. Father Mariano Sunitch, ex-pro vincial of the order of Franciscans of Bosnia, has been named by the Holy See bishop of that pro vince." A letter from Smyrna, of the 24th, says : " Suleyman Pacha, the new Governor-General and formerly Turkish Ambassador at Paris, arrived here on the 15th. In his speech to the members of the Medglis (municipal council), he declared that he was most anxious to see the protection of the laws equal for all, and the people treated with equity and kindness." The convention between the Governments of France and Holland for the reciprocal protection of literary property was signed at the Har.),-ue'on the 29th ult., by Baron d'Andre, the French Minister Plenipotentiary, and M. Van Hall, the Dutch Mi nister of Foreign Affairs. A letter of the 24th ult. from Rome, in the Piemonte of Turin, states that the Bank of Rome is in so precarious a condition that it is preparing to wind up its affairs. It is to be succeeded by another bank, to be established by Prince Torlonia and Messrs. de Rothschild. The King of Hanover has conferred the Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Guelphs upon General de Budberg, Adjutant-General of the Emperor of Russia. WIIAT ARE PUBLIC SERVANTS DISMISSED FOB? Sir Charles Napier, on his return from the Baltic, was ordered to strike his flag and come ashore with less of courtesy than a real gentleman would have expended on the dismissal of a cabman. Yet at the Seamen's Hospital dinner Lord Palmerston and Admiral Berkeley could scarcely find words strong enough to express their admi ration of Sir Charles, and their approbation of his con duct in the Baltic. Lord Lucan was recalled from the Crimea ; but the posse coraitatus of Ministers join in a chorus of eulogiums on Lord Lucan—he is faultless in their eyes. Mr. Kennedy was dismissed from the Woods and Forests ; but a minute is entered on the re cords of the Treasury praising Mr. Kennedy to the skies. The only inference one can draw from 'these, and many similar instances, is, that men are turned out of their offices because they have deserved well of their country. It would seem to follow, that for a man to be left in office is tantamount to a declaration that he is inca pable or untrustworthy. If this be the case, no one can doubt the validity of the titles by which a majority of our existing officials hold their appointments.—Daily News. THE REPORTED DEATH OF DR. BARTH.—The following is an extract of a letter from Malta, dated the 26th of March : —" A highly interesting letter from Colonel Herman, her Majesty's Consul at Tripoli, has reached the island, dated March 13. It sa y s —` You will, l am confident, be delighted t o h ear th a t the rumour o f D r. Barth's death was unf oun d e d. A letter from him, dat e d Kana, 15th Nov. last, reached me yesterday. He then calculated on arriving,' at Moorzouk within three months, but which, as ho purposed moving by the circuitous route of Kooka, he never would accomplish. The rumour of his death was fabricated by the ex-ruler of Bornou for the purpose of possessing himself of a depot of supplies that had been formed at Zejhan against the doctor's re turn, and in which he succeeded. The overthrow of this man was most fortunate, otherwise the fabricated report might have been converted into a stern reality.' " WPI9I()UP ii.AZING OF SEBASTOPOL r (From the Journal des Debats.) lie It is now f or near ly 40 y ears th a t we h a ve been fending th e ma i ntenance o f t h e peace o f E uro pe, be ll we believe th a t peace i s t h e surest guarantee of ei, o 4 tion. This p ani fi c po li cy i s a tra di t i on we h ave recelle, from our predece ssors . . . . N ot t h a t we bat'f senseless antipathy f or a ll war, w h atever i t b e ; net o , f f we are not the gratef u l a d m i rers o f t h e grea t 1vi 10. , 0 and political services which the army has renclere;:ho our country for more than 25 years. We believe of the war of Spain, in 1823, contributed to the l' ° : se l and ascendancy of France i n E urope ; we a re Ple 0 with the liberating intervention of France in Greece; itot like the war of Algiers in 1830, the siege of 8 Ali werp in 1831, the occupation of Ancsna, the 013 , q , - ; of Northern Africa, from 1840 to 1848, the exPe ul ii co of Rome in 1849. Neither have we hesitated to ben t, that it was necessary to risk a war to wrest the ea r ° d s merits of Russia upon Turkey, and to yreserve the 111 , 0 1 pendence of the East. . . We are not then pa,stisi;;o4 peace at any price ; but we believe that war s hould o r an object, and that as soon as that is attained, °r o e fectly even (for all human undertakings can liave,l l ll but imperfect objects), that it should be eage rly la id pal of and secured by au intelligent peace ; a Peneet , feeble and powerless, but a peace pr o t ec t e d by a 0 and by an army always in readiness to inarcb. 1 , 1 0 1 this doctrine no one can be astonished that We ,is welcomed with joy the hopes of p eace w hich °'''a from Vienna lt is in this spirit thstoi wish to examine what are the advantages e ll the conveniency of peace . . . . We pre fer, l/ not hesitate to say, peace without, th an war with, 04 0 capture of Sebastopol. We know well that 0° , 8 1 ,0 persons who, arranging affairs as it s h a ll please `, id d say—Why not take Sebastopol ? we shall malie : „ 1 " - $r, afterwards. Such persons supp ose th at peace is -1 "„tY bastopol ; but who has told th em th a t i t was n ot, C' f i contrary, war that we should find there, ond,lii longer and more destructiv e th an t h at we have wend .the last six months. The que s ti on i s tot f or us to " ol 0 whether wo shall take Seba s t o p o l ; we d ou bt 130 "1, bravery of our army any more th an o f i ts v i ctor ies. 1 # question for us is to know whether we wish peace o r 5 j If peace, why take Sebastopol at the p rice o f gre et s do flees ? Where is the good of buying with th e blood b i l l know not how many thousand soldi ers a place l i p must be surrendered when once peac e i s s i g ned? 0 'f a re-arrangement of the map of Europe is desired', v is wished to take away from Russia E.er coasts flo c " acquisitions of the Black Sea, the n th e ca pt u re of floc" topol is indispensable, at whateve r cos t, and not ° I II there. Cronstadt also must be tak en ; Russia 0 8 " re-made into purely a continental power without app to the Baltic and the Baltic Sea, or, perhaps, e ge et the Caspian ; at the most Archangel may be left 0 0 the Grand Duchy of Muscovy must l a stly be ° Si di and the work of Peter the Great and of a ce ntury s i ) half unmade. We do not say that this ' policy 1 0 1 1 10 have its grandeur, but assuredly it is not witill difficulties, and if we set ourselves to the work it: 8 0 for our descendants alone to finish it. . . . , otherwise grounds fbr believing in the real WeaS il d Russia, after the ill-success of her campaign ber. P ir d Danube. Having seen her impuissance for the oilens l s d came to the conclusion that she would b e f ee ble t' i t iao the defensive. Events have deceived our expee t V . . . But Russia will not remain quiet wlt ill Y own limits, and she will attack her neighbours. ‘ l 4 l and it is for that France and England helve verf t o mately made war upon her ; and we d o no t besV os t say that, if the Western Po wers b e li eve thernse l. 4 able to protect the independence of the East 14l 'f, future otherwise than by war, war th ey mus t wago' urge it to the last extremity. France and Engiia otl, not sign a peace whi c h some d ay s h ou l d d e li ver 09 tinople to Russia. Y es , we repea t, if i t i s belfet,, there are no guara n t ees o f su ffi c i ent f orce i n dip stipulations and military conventions to secure t I V pendence of the Ea s t, th e war should be O D- . that is to Fay, Seba s t o p o l s h ou ld b e taken. • „.!, When in August last th e W estern Powers p ro t d f the four fundamental con d i t ions of the future V, they conceived that these conditions sufficed fur g il - 0 teeing the independence of the East. T o ou r toitifik* were right, for with the Principalities entranchiel the domination of the Russia n C onsul at Bact4. with the freedom of the Danube, an d a b ove a ll W " Bo phort: s and the Black Sea open t o th e m ilitarY I A ~.fir of the West, awl the protectorate oftVeChris: the East exercised iu common by the Christian P o d the preponderance of Russia is destroyed. In 0 , ipg the four conditions Russia does net fall b3e the treaties of Bucharest or even of Adrianople ; io l does she return upon the treaty-of Vie nna an d tha t o , the four conditions may be accept e d by her wit b° , ll V honour; but she withdraws f r o m a ll the advatt A c i.oo and all the encroachments which h er am bition . r o of in the East ; she retreats fr om a ll t h e spriogliA policy initiated by the embassy of Prince llieo' co l and there is the cause why the four conditions 8%0 for her are ,excellent for us. But Russia, tile. , a t not sincere ; such was the belief before the death ' e l Emperor Nicholas ; but since his death the b e ' l C pears no longer to be the same. . . The youngs inspires less distrust. His youth and his n e f a without speaking of other cau ses o f con fid enc ey! i assuring for his sincerity, and Austria, P r ussi a '! England appear to believe that he desires peed`, 1 cere;y. The French Government enters into idea, and we are glad of it. The death of a P C) adversary may be counted fur something in its ar influence upon a quarrel. The European public s to believe that the Emperor Nicholas was theta of the tar, and that he carried the war . ° l ,lO ..... into his tomb. This idea should weiiirnUcli liberations of Vienna. What power, in effee t "„iii take the place of the Emperor Nicholas in the Pr'',,,o l and discontents of the European public, an d !" the author or the prolonger of the war ? M u t e r will not he France, for she has not, nor can 6 .'40', in the war of the East, any thought of territ" t y maritime aggrandisement; she has no mor e Ad European interest in it—that of the indeper the East. Beyoad that she is the most of the Powers engaged in the struggle, and obe i 0 the same time that has tak en th e largest 81,51.1,-01` contest ! Shall it be pretend e d b y c h anc e l'o j that alone which should eng age th e G overnm el tinue the war even to the captur e o f SebasteP°ll to say, to render the war illimitable and eterneoi reasoning would be strange . . . Sh a ll it be 9 iol military honour imposes upon us the oblig a ti 0 ,taking Sebastopol, that we are o n th e groL „ or ought to remain there ? This is to c onfo o a-propos the duel and war. Our honour 16 4 God, protected by the victories we h ave achie l and history will not forget, whatever t he C that shall intervene, the days of Al ma an man. I know well the English J ournals , - , 0 0 England having made war badly ou g ht t o cont! l ; e take her revenge. I believe those journals deee l v a selves on this point even with respect td ' J r they would deceive themselves m ore in t h e eP o of this reasoning to France. . • . Let us no t e military honour and obstinacy. Such therefor last phase of this question which presents itself: if the Congress of Vi enna concludes it in the toi, in the terms of th e f our guarantees laid "„") more than six mont h s, would it be a safe fe able peace ? It will be an honourable a nd Oi if we desire t o measure it well, net by the bi of the first days of war, and the, triuleP se false news hailed by public rejoicing, but by tages obtained by the Western Alliance, 313 ;00 retreating steps of R uss i a . . . Lastly, the P.; net only be honourable, but sure, if, ail in rine lti- so the Western Alliance continues not withstandia over the internal state of Turkey, and if it O l d provide that its fleet and soldiers shall be ef) g - ill arrive there before the fleet and soldiers of Vet) / realises, lastly, the liberty of the Black Sea vl 5l struction on its shores of milita r y an d mariticaeto', ments. To leave the East t o it se lf wou ld he , . a d it sosner or later to Russia, a n d th e i n t erv ent° should have for its inevitable consequence the assistance of the West in the East. THE .RECIPROCITY TREAO On the 17th ult. the President of ti l l States promulgated the following : n f "A PROCLAMATION._ Whereas, by a n v • gress of the United States, approved the u ' i o August, 1854, entitled An Act to carry i; treaty between the United States and Gr e !, - f ie r signed on the sth day of June, 1854,' it is Prv o • whenever the President of the United State n ceive satisfactory evidence that the Imperial 13 : 0 0 • of Great Britain and the Provincial Parl j Canada, N ew B runsw i c k , N ova Scotia, _„, ri Edward's Island, have passed laws on theirl°o) full effe c t t o th e prov i s i ons o f t h e sa id tre 4 "ff . , authorised to issue his pro c l a m a ti on th a t be b tv : 3 li, deuces. And whereas, satisfactory inf orm atic received by me that the Imperial Parliaras,..° t Britain and the Provincial Parliaments of 0 70 :el Brunswick, Nva Scotia, and Prince Ethvo i r i 8 0 have passed laws on their part to g ive ft o ffy! the provisions of the treaty aforesaid. fore, I, Franklin Pierce, President of States of America, do hereby declare and Pr ° ijeif' from this date, the following articles, being " e l), and produce of the said prov:nces of C an ada, 14 6 1 , 9 4 h; wick, Nova Scotia, and P r i nce Ed war d's „017 i wit, grain, flour, and breadstuffs of all kinds, Att all kinds, fresh, sm o k e d, an d sa lt e d meats, c()itOPtv.' seeds and veget a bl es, un d r i e d f ru it s, d r i e d fO ilt o all kinds, prod uc t s of fish and all other eres , t Pi in the wat , r, poultry, eggs, hides, furs, skie:oitc, undressed, st me or marble in its crude 0r , state, sl a t e , b ut t er, c h ee se, t a ll ow, l ar d , 110'V 4 ores of in e t a l s o f all kinds, coal, pit c h, tar, 1,1 , " ashes; timber and lumbsr of all kinds, ro undi , sawed, un m anufa.ctured in w h o l e or i n plo plants, shrub- , and trees, pelt s , woo d, fi s h o il, ' a, le,o corn and bark, gypsum, ground or ung ronn o tok wrought or unw Fought burr orgrindstones, cl•Y f e „ 0 1 11 1:' hemp and tow, unmanufactured, unmaittoiitei bacco, rags—shall be introduced into the li v itl i t t tal I free of duty, so long as the said treaty 6 ` ) re j force, subject, however, to be suspended pe`',/t the trade with C ana d a , on con di t i on me nl fourth article of th e sa id t reaty ; an d that a f oes provisions of th e sa id treaty shall go into e observed on the part of the United States. "Given under m y h an d, a t th e c ity of yo 1 i the 16th day of March, iu the year o f 0 0 : 0 9) and of the independence of the United Sta,,rif. "Fita2;o l 4 o "By the President.—W. L. Marcy, Secret"