The Sun. — London, England, 1815-05-26 00:00:00

Fir - ;uht had leY lo° a hgc e ion - th ose eo ex. in the w hich ilje • • th to • %it , el l 4 iYe a the jo`t; res ; C at Tot its enemy at this ~1 crisis. , -..„,-, h GEORGE CAVENDiSH thought that the Al- Lt.: r*Aw6.s had flow Otered their language. They C°riginkilly disciainteci any itilenti°" of inter. t ot with the iaternal govenment of Frabee, tv it was now clear that heir s t sole ohjeet floe to 11,:itIllrow etionaparte, ana to restore the jour_ 1., This was proved by the Bilt article of the it:4'k.. 4 tY of Vienna. No one could have more re- Q than he had for the o f great, and con- Altail.,%lll.4"bYiitt.oyr Louis XVIII. hut whether through 01 their Ministers, or sortie oth er . ve"se, he thought the Bourbons had hut 'very lit ilig tl l 4 "ee to be restoreti; f.iit even suppos-. L t .' lit sea should have had that Chance, it would, inte,T.eallY impaited, if not destroyed, by the ! to ti:"ence of Foreign Powers. If we looke d of r e sPirit of that country, to their jealousy thatexteroal interference, it would be seen P lot. 11 ` ) ` 1 1i i ing sbm what arose from the inte tl'elite".`' ef fect an alteration in the GoveTo: tient LA Ile t (1 not, therefore, give his c-gn..- tetieas; 34 th an interference or such a war. Ex- oa r IA! 'night to have instructed Its be tter' When 2i c, "v o d and N uances had been exhausted by . /-1 1 or „, Wrenl)44 N* ' " 44 . he conk! not see much hope of.sae" As,reci4lls' when even peace itself ha d not %.'. : e to se t ,q us a ll the advantages tvvihc,", 114 to we bad obtained. He shoul d kt, ZeZ. eollClllde b p roposing '/Ilill:'`--"Illt Atkires!,Pexpressing the firm (fete' _ an Amendment ` l4 I tii i4 l ll °I 4llC4Ouse to concur in such Illetts.nr.e.s ness L",,e lifeessary Co enable his Royal iligbf the tr:) - ' t.inee Regent to sustaill ana to 11 n, to maintain the safety of li is &in intoner. s the honour o s, of t ti Preserve an intimate concert with the Pow c rea y e to ~i r(11)e; assrino, him, that they were - I ealt°eive!e?'eet loran y"freaty which he might hav 1)( 4 a ll- "" but .that, uninformed as they wir e kJ., ti; :tot he principle and the object of the s i t c01)4e,,-.4 • I vt-ti. , .,1 in to at Vienna, they should . no trtipLaillelheniselves at 'in sanction ing those v : atioi ts . -'O . l l vi.. ; suggesting, that to comm . ence a war vitt utti :tilee for the purpose of excluding an in a di : l'ear e 4 "'Ha the tlovernment of that count r y, p , g t hat they ozil 4 to them unwise, amid statin g, t Which it % ( not app rore et time engagement by . tIo:(ts stip:o,4d that the Country would not lay eoTh.,4o;il' arms until that pfirpose had he ac doe„."q-; as • war so unfiertalicn w ould re either pr o _ `. t h is Ilatioti to 'the necessity of of - its xtte,ct'4g the einitest beyond the jar extent .. 1 • to 41.'18.:'or.exi,„„ i t , tt , the (I: 3 , greiee of .submitting ctcl.,itt Ivith an iudividual %%kb whom it had , l‘ i l 'ed it would make lib peace. I ill J°llN SIVITH considered the French army . as t . e °cite.; titan a hand of banditti ; but he main d 4i'lleti that. the drvadful military spirit which ha , 4 ' le v tni i t I'^' . • • , eery : o th er point, a „, - gi i liter with lion on • co"..e,e%eu on the Treaty of Vienna, t6'nplieweiottsiy vote -with bin). The House, and yet might ile tot,liet,iv"l,-'would fgil in its duty, if it • did not b_ fif e -1.. Ilie Continent. The amount of the su It "es wliielt• Lie intended to.:morrow to propose, _ ,tle Contineritai Powers.; t he ild show whether the war was ours, or that.otf '_rl,l Which 'they providet w k thought fit to engage, whether it was a contest : t h °111(1 Pay the expentes ; hete they . me greatest. part of those Upon Upon themselves, r and tin l i at we gave was only a matter of assistance 4-- we thP!edge that -the efforts which they made were The House would then have th eir (Iwo, to ' sec ure their own interests, and not e: tee consetpienee. o f „ur subsidies. -Ii was no,tn thslsatY, however, that he should now enter into te of'isle,dtteils- They formed no•part of i 's Ilion- I - be taking a most ex traor,. t.,, , all( It would the vote 1., (tinarY view of the subject to engage 1 In 4-reseut 1 , It Inul th us 1. 'l, and to starve-its operations. ' e n his endeavour to open the N and 4. he mind, p ie , oi the tat, trusting much to .the , . ve general kiln I,atelligente; the experience and extensive years dw,lvtedge of the House, which bad for 25 feel e:t °ll Passing eventS. Although painful , to . its at _ 4 ,igs to make a proposition of this nature, m e eail Dr realising those brilliant prospects olpea l c ie t,4 seeniity,' which, after so many, exertions, t s uch Innl a i•iglit to co `template, l'ell consolation- in comparing our present situa- f fl°4lvitli .yet hefelt that in which -we stood in time course•o 411ner wars. We were not now - contending for e paver Safety, without a sin,* Atly, against the er of the ' that er . • ecution of gaged in the enemy. Let the. Rouse recollect, r ros (.1 .at that moment, when en ( Ink ed f . , - . our own moral duty, our aid was re hesi- ,;-t or Portugal and Spain :we had trot ~ t L•el.sto iutifrpose our -strong hand ; te old in the justic e of our cause, and became thepro we hadt tt„ et°l 's of other countries, This resolution had been ' tst ted with a degre e of perseverance, which did 1110404 to the country. IVe had struggled through u: soeist'l-we survived, the period of calainity• hail the satisfaction- of seeing those two na e',(lll3 eel, and the whole -of &trope confedcrat: , Nainst Vranee,. instead 'Pt "being combined 1.,!":41a5t tts, It eras therefore, evident, that we eLi v started from a different point. W e 'Were then b:3l.ing against Prhuee, and the whole 'power of 61te• All %mope was nowt contending with pr "gainst Prance ; nay, a strong cotnbination in tballee itself was probably formed on our side, so t o a t t e were fighting with the Powers of the tititt:Lt'ent and a. portion of Prance, against time li_tPatiou of littottaparte and of the army. Fiver)? tut"K therefore was calculated to aiiiinate and en turtra4e our-4011s to preserre that peace which en,arats had conquered from the individual who I t . tuore wielded the sovereign authority. Hoteas on thtse grounds that he wished the at .. 4 t .'se to support the that in its exertions elit,a.st the common , enealY, and not on the 2,,...5tian whether the Treaty of Vitona was a, 117,1!c°11sequene of that of Paris. No °fie could ill'otivi approach the: Powers of Europe with. corn ticie,""Pect,. after they had pronounced their de•- .) oiseli vcsulatioax with any thicpc which tender: • , :,fl'age their efforts. lii tibizol: ihrtelso.tve its e lf into this, whether it would be ' fact the question tu on ge, vis e to this, oitrelves from the ..'9al - rt- ~...'"rtS " Nit by the Power s of Europe, Ltitric-"lnienti iitaee instead cif war. - The Noble and 1),. n "noliided Ily lnoving an Address to time tie Regent, thanking his Royal Highness for I; eTlitnitnieatiOn at the Treaties, correspond fartplith Ili& gracious Message, and assuring him t i 3 'l;7 etnlctirrenCe tyt the Commons in enabling K' 16. `llll'"litit.bitess to adopt those 'measures which ht be t i ''' cessar-, i n conjunction ' ' with his Ma tirs- Ali* 1 te& against the .coma, 4,..1.1itivt1, ' Lot ' enabled them to de . iiaState Europe Was nbt 'tai be destroyed or remedied by war, but by-peace, which might induce them to abandon their systenl of plundcr. Nothing" could alter the character Of the French soldiers and the Prench nation - but a certain period of peace. He would giVe Buona , • parte credit only as far :Is his interest was .con cerned. He had stated in the face of the world that be wished for peace; the proprietori of land in France - , 'and a large portion of the population, must entertain the same wish. Was it impossible that, with the help of those two classes, Buona parte should be able to keep peate fOr three years ? If any one exercised any influence over the army it was he. Ile expected to. be told that a large portion of . the population of France would join the Allies—but he could not believe it; that would be contrary to the French' character and the evidence of history. If there was any thing re markable in the French, it was their excessive vanity. They were the most .national people in the word!, ant the interference of strangers in their internal concerns would be too great an of fence to their pride to occasion any co-operation n their part. In considering the prospect of success, the Noble Lord would perhaps state what ground he had to rely on for the sincerity of the Allies and the performance of the engagements . which they had formed. Suppose the French should cross the Rhine, which was by no means impos sible, would Prussia allow them to penetrate to her Saxon dominions, ratitor than offer to negociate ? Suppose the Italians rose in arms, wonbl Austria refuse to treat? Or should an insurrection break outs in Poland, 'would Russia send her armies to the Rhine ? Ail these contingencies were very possible. The Right Hon. Gentlemen on the other side of the House, had strongly recommended economy not many months ago, and stated, that " except some plan of economy should be adopted, it •would be utterly_ imptissible to continue the current expen diture for a, considerable time." had they now changed" their opinions ? He considered the put ting doWn Of Buonaparte, if it could be 'clone, de sirable ; - but he did .not conceive it practicable, and he thought it more probable, that after two or three years war we should find ourselves in such a situation towards that individual, whose letters we now refused to open, and whose overtures we rejected with disdain, as to endeavour to make terms with him.' Wc should then have to consider a peace establishment; but would it be nineteen millions ? It might be twenty-nine. Mr. GRATTAN rose to excuse himself for the vote which he should. give, He would not be silent when' he had the misfortune to differ With those friends in whom he placed so much confi dence. He agreed with them that we ought not to pledge the resources of the country to re-es •tablish the Bourbons, and that it was desirable to avoid war, but a still more important point was now to be considered, whether we should have peace without see.irity, or war without Allies.— The questiou w:is, whether we should fight the Ruler of France whe; the Allies were at hitmly.‘or when they had all withdrawn ? He considered the French Government as a completeStratocracy l its constitution was war, and its object the con, Tien of Europe. It was fair to suppose, that with 'similar posve!', it Would hereafter do what it hit akeady. What had been Buona parte'.. r u.c, when be bad taken possession of the Cw,,ineut ? He had made his brother King of his son King of Rome : be gold banished the Prince 'Regent 'of Portugal, and prepared an army to conquer ; and take the King of England. He had. endeavoured to shake our trident--but what he called our tyranny of the sea, hid saved the land, aril he only inveighed against it, because be meant to say, that .the En glish marine laid saved the Continent of Europe. He resolved to destroy that marine ; he prepared an artily of sixty thousand men . ; but though he did not dare to realize his threat of invasion, be affected the country, because he altered its situa tion. Instead of a medium of communication for the treasures of commerce, of the arts and Sciences; he placed it between ttvo fires ; the Continent of Europe possessed by his arms, and tire Continent of America possessed by his in trigues. The great Potentate of the. North, obliged to defend his country, in his .progress found the Emperor 'of' Austria and the King of Prussia, whom Buonaparte had deprived of their territory, and who joined him, and with the as sistance of England prevailed. They marched to that proud city, where they stood the masters of her fortunes, and they had been her victims. What did they then do ? They gave liberty and life to the people of France, and to Buonaparte life and Elba. The Hon. Gentleman then de, scribed the Constitution which Louis XVIII. had given France, and demonstrated its superiority. over those formed by the French philosophers and democrats at different periods. Buonaparte broke -that Constitution and the Treaty of Paris, , and then asked to be trusted ! Ile told the army that nothing Vrai legitimate that was done without the convent of the people—that his abdication had been thus made, and was therefore not valid ; and was thii Country to take a Treaty from him who proclaimed a doctrine contrary to every principle of affiance ? lie could not conceive that a Treaty should be entered into with him, except in a case of incapacity to contend against his power. But this lie could not admit, because it would be acknbwledging that all confederated Europe was. not able to contend with France single handed, in the recent possession of a person licit yet ti'rin iu its Government. It had been said that Austria might be occupied in Italy : that was no longer the case, for Murat was subdued. Besides, Ans • tria had .500,000 soldiers, exclusive of the 120,000 employed in Italy, whom she was now at liberty to fecal. As to Russia, Poland triigAt give her some trouble, but:would the whole Russiari forCe he wanted to constrain the' Poles ? The same between Prussia and Saxony. Even all Owing all these considerations their full , frirce, " there was no doubt - but :the Allies co u ld . b r i ng fietWeen five an:1.660,000 Men against France. What; on t h e o th er sid e was her power ?_ She had lost her - external force ; from 100 millions, her popula tion was rejiuced to 25 ; her fascination was gone. The tteposer of Kings had in every country set up a new form_ of Government far Worse than the ancient ; tile,retreat of her armies had been de vastation. What was Buonaparte's situation). He had' no cavaliT, no 'money, to credit; ni t titte;—. The people ha' nCt risen in his _far - odr when the Allies had invaded Fiance, but had deposed him he had itupoetl natio thent trariger - , taken their Money by ContributionS, their children by Con scriptions, and finally broiight theit' country to disgrace... That the people . of France would rise for such a stranger, was to him incomprehensible. Because the army had chaten a Conqiieror, and we opposed him, were we w be told that We imposed a Government upon France. Ought the Allies to leave her the eternal datnnation :air a till Government? The reason the people- had not risen against hint at his return, was, that they had been conquered by the army. It wa's said, that he Wrath! give France liberty, but had he given freedom to any country that lie -had possessed ? He was now to do it in con junction with a set of men who went by the name of Jacobins : a man who could bear no li berty, -.was-to- act with a party that could bear no Government (Hear, hear!) The Manner in which the new Constitution Was to be established was suspicious. • Men were to subscribe th e ir opinion in registers, and when the grand public Meeting was to take place, the army Was to vette. He thought we had a right to oppose him, as he was at war with os by a breach of faith. We had a right to interfere with any Government that contained an insurrectionary principle, threaten ing the - security of the rest. If we were to have peace, it must be an a r m ed peace, with all its consequences, corruption of manners, and increase of expence;for no Minister would venture to (Ik at-satire country - ): , aiathg peace Woulti be folloWed by a war without Allies. He alluded to the spriere toms of alteration which had taken place in Buona parte's conddet. He had granted the liberty of the press : lie had taken, away the imprimatur, but it he • did not like your• publication, he might hang you. He had removed the Slave Trade, and this was an act of great public utility; tint whilst we praised him for giving liberty to thelilacks, let us not assist him in taking it away from Europeans. It would be said that the Allies themselves .had committed faults; . and he 'was not pleased with their con duct _in several instances ; but if we wer e dissatis fied with them for having taken,-possession of Saxony, how much more dissatisfied should we not be with- a man who wished to take possession of England But : vice, Whi4 was considered-de testable ill moderation,.:when it became gigantic, first struck men with wonder, then conquered their nnderstanditig, and excited their admiration. He then adverted, to the iregociations entered-into . with Buonaparte by Air. Fox, and, after giving an eloquent portrait of that great' States Man, stated that.they had been broken off because Buonaparte's object was empire, anil Mr. Fox could not entertain any idea Which would derogate front the superiority of his country. He alluded to the prophetic spirit of Mr, 13arke, who had seen that it was a vain effort to - crime to ktreaty with a chance of liberty in France, and at the expellee of the inde pendence of Europe. He eulogised the former, Government of the Bourbons, under whom, though. complete freedorn did not exist, the arts advanced,. and on amenity o.t - * manners was diffused. It was now. proposed to subject that amiable race of men Which formed the French nation to an oriental despotism, under the yoke of a man who stated nothing-as it was, and every, thing as it was nut ; a military Groverifineitt founded Un a tyiont'ph over civil right. if, - C'Olitintied the Right Lluuoui-able Gentleman, you shotild degrade_ the. name of. kag , laud; if you-should ftwget your morals ; it you should desPise ytitir religion - so far as to leave your Allies to confirM such a Government - , would not all Europe justly-say to you, '' in vain have von taken the eagle from Buonaparte, and snatched in vincibility - front his standard, if now, when all tirope is ready to mare!), you take the lead .only in desertion - !";—(Lond cries of Hear, hear, hear !) You are not to tnnsidt,a. about what money you must spend, but - AVliat fortunes you will be able to keep. Oa the - very principle of economy, you are to cotiiider that you will expend less in war, than by remaining at peace with the demands of a war establishitent ; and though it cannot be contested that the resources of tagland are eter nal, yet you may triumph in the knowledge that you possess Mote than any other nation. On the whole, said the* Right lion. Gentleman, you are Well to consider that your name and power exclude you front •holding a second yank amongst nations, and whenever you cease to be the first, you will ewe to the condition of the last 1--(Loud and long -continued cheering.) Sir FRANCIS BOEDETT had listened with ad miration to the appeal made to the passions of the- House, and could not- he otherwise than struck with the great and brilliant powers dis played by- the Right Hon. Gentleman who bad Just sat down ; yet he was not certain . in his own mind that many of his statements were not greatly - exaggerated. Though fee could not doubt the sincerity of the Right 1-iou. Gentleman, it ap peared' to kith that., he. had not .taken a fair view of file -real state . c4 . . :the . question.. Ile had.not convinced' . hityi that . there was an expediency in, or necessity for engaging in a war which seemed only to have, for its -object the restoring again to .tike throne : of Frarfee, the family who had been lately proscribed. It W;i4 like saying to the French people,:'' Yon Shall 'have this person fo ha r d .yo th l e ir :p So o‘ % i ' , e e r r e :o ig i l c a o i l l ( l ii i l i e O ri o n t g he i r ?" France, we without we we - had not the power of thas dictating`to her population, It was absurd to say ; that Baonaparte had- been re stored against .the Wishes of the people. He had been . reins:t4ted by, the ineliii'atrops,Of a very great Majority of that . p l eople, greater indeed th an th a t by which: any other - Man bad ever been received by a -country. Ile would therefore deny that it was -by the. militilry alone that he had been re- There wa'sless proof that King William was received in thil country by the unanimous 9 - 4 ? - the - -people, , than th ere was o f suc h an tvinlLeitnity it - t France with regard to the reception of: I3uortaparte: , ;.The ihdigoation of our forefa thers„and. tbeiess'necessful resistaace of the pre tensions 'of tite e proscyibed Monarch James 11. and his shoulti, heirecolleeted, when we attempted .to impose a Sovereign upon another country. We ,-carried our indignation, indeed, to : an unreasonable cAtent, -by patting a p r i ce on the head of the!Rretender a.. but 'this most de te;.tithle :pi-1)014e had been revived by the, De claraii6n issued arVienna, which designated'the French people as reheN,and the French Emperor, as a -fit subject for the dagger of an. AiSaSsin. It wa:‘ impossible to get rid of• this declaration, it would poison the -whole ptOceedlitz.r of the Allies, anti votildritit have, in the eyeS of Europe, any other effect thin that of holding up Such a prin.; ciple to Ode detestation. - Respecting the cha racter of the French' Emperor, however the Night Hon. Gentleman had stigmatised it,. he had cerl tainly been extremely 'lenient towards those of certain Other great persons, Whom he (Sir Fran . = cis) reprobated in the usual terms. He Only said this' (he Said) to shew that we could not at= tribute to ,Buonaparte crimes which had - not been committed by the Allies. By attempt ing to set up Louis XVI. in opposition to the people %tiro had deposed him, we had cost that unfortunate Monarch his hem!, and had compelled Franee to becoMe a gr:_.at military nation. Hav ing, howevel., by good fortune and an unexpected 'coincidence of CirCloliSitte., reduted France to her former limits, the Allied Powers were not content to leave her in ;this condiiiion, but were-abso lutely pursuing the same ambitiou s system which they had opposed in her conduct ; handing ov e r millions of people from one master to anotherx and calling this the delis erance Of Europe. He then repeated the cessions that bad been ordained by the Congress at Vienna, and stigmatised theiTi regulations as' attenipti to obliterate liberty from the faCe of the world. Wherever these regula tiOtis had been made, Buonaparte, he contended, would ftnd - friends. and allies.- He would find them in Sdkony, in in Roland, in Sicily, in Genoa, and in I talyl (Laughter.) He would find them in every quarter where the Allies had-violated the faith of Treaties. • lie would nut pretend to be a prophet, bin be would -say, that success or -no success,l an incalculable burthen would be en tailed on this country. :Sir Francis then proceed— ed to repeat all his former invectives against the- Sovereigns of the Continent and concluded by observing, that as it was a principle which ad., mitted of no modification, that every people had a right to choose their own form of Government, and as we were endeavouring-to oppose this right, it was impossible ; tinder such circumstances, that the war could be either just or necessary, and therefore- he should vote against the motion. Mr..LAW observed, that if it were true, as as+ sert".4 that the people of Belgium detested the Government under which they had been placed, was it possible that we,conld look forward to any; long period of peace, but rather should we not have to contend against . France on the Continent in defence of that territory ?. The Hon. Gentleman then proceeded to examine the-objects of the war, and concluded by observing, that it, it could be avoided, those who might effect this object, would entitle themselves to a plaCe iu the temple, of eternal fame. . Mr. WYNNE felt it impossible not to give his support to the motion. He was convinced that war was preferable to peace with a war,eatahlish ment, which would undermine our resources, - and render us unable to enter upon war when it should become •necessary. ,The Honourable Gentleman . quoted a - number of historical facts,' to show that it had .als.ays been necessary to .curb the ambition of France, and, con• trasted the .approaching meeting in Paris ) , to ac cept the new Constitution, under the influence of military despotism, with t-lie freedom art electioir in England, where the troops were removed from 'the spot *at which it took place. Alluding to what had been- urged about the pacific incline-- tion-Of Buonaparte, in, consequence of his ad. vancing age and infirmities, -he ridiculed the idea of this condition checking his'spirit of - enterprise; and observed that- the of Wellington was exactly -of the same age ,'lvi!hout any physical deficiency. Buonapartc bad pretended to- give the French people the freedom of the press, but his very first act after-he had proclaimed this free• dom, was to seize 'all the copies and suppress a 'Journal which had made some reflections on the army. He did not see any reason to believe that the French army was more 'numerous and in better condition thanit c,. as last year, and the conduct of the people was- more like a dull indifference than any degree of attachinent to him. For the reasons he had already given, he should vote Against the Amendment. • Mr. PONSOBY declared be should be happy if he could bring his mind to sanction the course of policy which his Majesty's Ministers had adopt ed, and which bad been so powerfully seconded by his Right Honourable Friend, whose eloquence it was impossible for him to encounter. But in his opinion the main question before the House was, whether they should sanction by their vote of that night the conduct of the Ministers who had signed the Treaty of Vienna, and declare their approbation of these Articles of the Treaty - by .which. they were bound to maintain all the sti pulations .and proceedings of the Congress; to carry on a war for- the avowed purpose of destroy , . ing the power of flitonaparte„ and never to lay down their arms till this should be effected.— The Noble Lord :had said this night, that. from the instant Of Buonaparte's arrival - in France, we were placed in a situation of war. If this were the case, he had before been most niggardly in communicating his opinion,- for he had said, on proposing the Answer to the foimer Mesiage, that we were neither pledged Co war nor peace, hut that we were only bound to. • be in a state of preparation. But-now he informs • us, that we are in a state of war. From the Noble Lord's argument, if any Gentleman should vote this night for the Address, he would be precluded on any future occasion - from voting against what - ever had been do ne by th e C ongress, w i t h some "of whose proceedings we had not yet -been made acquainted. But with all that we had been made , acquainted, he, for one, should give his most decided condemnation. He then adverted to the transfer of Genoa and Saxony, and the intended retention of Poland., by .Russia; but though he abhorred these transmutation., lie did not mean' Throne, to deny that the Allies had not a Just cause of war against Mionaparte. The Treaties' of Fon tainbleau and,Paris did necessarily imply.that the The character of Buonaparte was ralitv, but only of the mode of their pro. a H nno e dl t here f ore ltslelaf should ( t i sei n io o 4 t cluoir sh o uld not i n p ina l7 i ii nt n ob o ge f t t .'e l e i s e tTo loam ° ~ s e s e ict in a g ; rendered it impossible to treat with hi m . Yet there was 12.9 t one of those Powers