The Sun. — London, England, 1842-07-02 00:00:00

SOUTHAMPTON ELECTION COMMITTEE, The Committee met yesterday at twelve o'clock; the Hon. J. S. Wortley . in the Chair. The CHAIRMAN informed the agents that a messenger had been despatched to John B. Luce, and the summons which had been issued for him was found unopened, he having left home before it arrived in Southampton. Mr. BAKER applied to have Mr. Francis Cooper, who wt s anxious to i eturn to Southampton, examined first. Francis Cooper, a surgeon, residing •in Southampton, was called, and examined - by Mr: Baker.—Knows Mr. Abrahams. Knows his handwriting. Believes the sig nature, "A. Abrahams," in the memorandum-book to be his handwriting. Attends a . great number of the dock men. They did not appear in the town in great num bers. There was no apprehension from them. It was not necessary to engage 150 men to protect the Con servative candidates. Cross-examined by Mr. HEARN—Has always been a Liberal and voted for the Liberal candidates. There are twelve to sixteen hundred employed in the docks ; they are strangers to the town ; they have not generally a ny political feelings. Mr Abrahams is a very respecta ble man, Never heard anything against his veracity. Saw Mr. Abrahams' signature four or five times attached to receipts fur articles he (witness) purchased from Mr. ..Abrahams. Saw the memorandum-book ;to the best (..1 his judgment it was about three months ago he saw the book. _ . To Lord BARRINGTON—The letter "A " of Abraham ppears more vivid than the other letters. It does not strike him as being remarkable. The whole signature was more clear when he saw it beFore. The dock rum had no political bias. They were under Messrs. Hadden an l Mackay. Saw some of the dock men struck. They were struck by bludgeon men, employed by the Con- servatives. To Mr. SlHEL—There were bludgeon-men employed I by the Whig party. Believes there was great and gross bri bery committed at the last election. Believes 100 persons, were bribed on both sides at the last election. It was a I Report. Was not personally concerned in bribe r y. Heard that about 3,0001. was spent by the Whigs, asd considerably more by the other party. They (the Whig party) had 630 decided promises. He was a member of the Committee. Four hundred persons might have been bribed without his knowing of it. Mr. Ebenezer Williams, an auctioneer and appraiser of Southampton, was next called :—Knows Mr. Abra hams' hand-writing. Believes the signature in the me morandum book to be his. He wished he could say it was not. He transacted business with him. Did not see the book before. Knows James Wyatt, the town crier. Believes the signature "James Wyatt," in the memorandum book, to be his (Wyatt's) writing. Cross-examined —Mr. Abrahams discounted bills fur him and his friends. In that way he became acquainted with his hand-rriting. The hand-writing of Mr. Abra hams varies. He sometimes writes small and some times larger. Knows Mr. Maddison. He is Mr. Abra hams' banker. He ought to he. able to form a good opinion of Mr. Abrahams' writing, because the cheque of the 3d of February, 1841, is in Mr. Abraham's hand writing. Doubts the signature to the cheque of the'2sth of January, to be his hand-writing ; those of the 25th of January, the 27th January, 30th January, February Ist and 3d, a second of the 3d of February are all very much like .the handwriting of Mr. Abrahams. (The signatures were all genuine.) Had never any quarrel with Mr. Abrahams. Differs with him in politics, but believes him to be a straightforward, honourable, and gentlemanly man. To Mr. BAKER.—Saw Mr. Wren and Mr. Abrahams together the first Sunday afterthe writ for the election was issued. To the CHAlRMAN—Believes that corruption has been usually practised. at Southampton. Has no personal knowledge of it. Heard that large sums of money were expendsd at the last election. Heard that 10,0001. were spent by both parties. It was pretty equally divided. Heard that 200 persons were bribed directly by money. There were ethers indirectly bribed, including the colourmen and chairmen in the 200. The witness then withdrew. Mr. BAKER said that he believed this would be a proper time to ask if Mr. Hearn had the books to pro duce which he said he would inquire for? Mr. HEARS said he made inquiries for the books, but he could not get them, for they were never in existence. He could not produce them, not because they were destroyed, as supposed, but because they never existed. Margaret Luce was called and examined—Her husband is from home. He is in France. Does not know in what part of Frisoce. He left Southampton in conse quence of a letter he received, stating that his aunt, who lived near Bristol, was dead. He came to London, and from thence he went to France. He usually goes to France about this season of the year. He goes to in crease his 'Connexion. He is an innkeeper. Does not know when he will be back. He usually stops away about three weeks. Did not receive any letter from him. John Lisle was next called, and produced a receipt for lot., signed by James Wyatt, the town crier. He picked it up at the Market-house stair ; it was dropped by Wren. He (Wren) was talking at the time to Mr. Sharp. He put his hand deliberately into his pocket, took out the paper, and dropped it. Does not know if Mr. Sharp saw it. He suspected Mr. Wren dropped it purposely. He thought it was a trap laid for the Con servative party. He thought so because there was a line at the bottom Of it in Wren's handwriting. The line was, "This is Mr. Wyatt, th:', town-crier." At first he thought to tell no person. He afterwards-told the party (the Conservatives) that he had suspicions of Wren. He told Mr. Stebbing of it. He might have told it to twelve persons. He is town sergeant Canvassed for Lord Bruce and Mr. Martyn. Knows a room in the Dolphin where a Committee sat. Went into it once. Was not in it twice. Is sure he was not. Any person who would say he was would be stating what was false. Saw Mr. ,Babson, Mr. Ball, and Mr. John Bennett there. Did not see Mr. Mackay there. He received money to pay messengers whom he employed. He employed 50 mes sengers. Not half of them were electors. Several of them were sons of electors. They were paid is. 6d. a day, from six in the morning till twelve at night. He got 301. for that purpose. He got the money from a messenger to pay the other messengers. Does not know his name, or the person who sent him with the money. He supposed it came from the Committee. He got vouch ers as having paid the money. He left the vouchers at the bar of the Dolphin. The next sum he received was 40/. Employed bill-posters and porters. They got ss. a day. They were about thirty in number. He got five or six packets of 401. each. He employed about 150 persons as chairmen. They were to get 21. each. _ Most of them were voters. They were not em- ployed till after the election. He held out no expecta tion to any of them that they would be employed as chairmen. No person instructed him to employ those particular persons. - He undertook to pay 3001. to them without any instructions. He had no money when he employed them. He went to Mabson for the 3001. Did not apply to him before for money. Did not apply to him when he went to the . Committee. Did not see Wren at the Committee. This testimony heing in direct contradiction of the evidence given by Mr. Wren, he was called in, Examination continued.—Persists in saying that he ' did not see Mr. Wren at the Committee. Will swear that his list and Wren's were not compared together in their presence. Will swear he never saw Mr. Luce at the Dolphin within the Committee-room, or v. hen he left it. Never canvassed Parkins with Mr. Wren. Cannot say exactly what sum of money he received altogether. It might have been 6001.; it was not 650/. To the COMMITTEE—EmpIoyed chairmen and mes sengers, &c., before at former elections. He did not em ploy so many at former elections as at the last. The practice at Southampton was for each member to pay 11. to each chairman. The canvass was a long one. That was a case of great expense. To Mr. SHIEL—He always voted for the Conservatives, and his father before him. Mr. SHIEL—Why, there were no Conservatives then. _(Laughter.) To Mr. HEARNE.— Saw rioting during the election in Orchard-lane. Saw the dock men beating some of the Conservative party. Had a conversation with Wren some time ago. Wren called him to his own door, and said to him "I have news for you which is not pleasant. A person has been to me from London, and left a card. It is Mr. Baker, of Spring-gardens, who is a solicitor. He has offered me 3001., by withdrawing my list of objec tions, by telling what I knew of the last election, and giving my assistance the forthcoming one." He also said Mr. Baker is, agent to Sir J. Guest and Mr. Hutchins, and now you see I can sell the Tories if I like. If the others don't have a meeting and do something it will be a bad job." He (witness) did not say a word in reply.. :Knows Mr. White. He (witness) and Redwards, were together in Southampton about Tuesday week ; Redwards said " Did you hear about this fellow 'Wren? He says in his petition that he gave me 31. as a bribe. I never got five farthings from him." To Mr. BAKEft---There was no person present when the conversation between Wren and himself took place. He said to Wren, "You have nothing to say of the Con servative party, unless it be what we hear of Callan, and that he got a bribe." It being half-past three o'clock, and &l the witnesses who had been summoned having been examined, the Com tnittee adjourned till Monday. = - MEXICO AND T.EXAS. The following are the articles of the treaty between Great Britain and Texas, whereby the former becomrs the mediator between Mexico and Texan. It is dated 14th Nov., 1841, and was ratified on Tuesday last : Art. 1. The Republic of Texas agrees that if, ',by moans of the mediation of her Britannic Majesty, an unlimited truce shall be established between Mexico and Texas within 30 days after this present convention shall have been communicated to the Mexican Government by her Britannic Majesty's mission at Mexico, and if within six months from the day on which that communication shall have been so made Mexico shall have concluded a treaty of peace with Texas, then and in such case the Republic of Texas will take upon itself a por tion, amounting to one million pounds sterling, of the capital of the foreign debt contrac ed by the Republic cf Mexico be fore the Ist of February. 1835. Art. 2.—The manner in which the capital of me million pounds sterling of foreign debt, mentioned in the preceding artiele; shall be transferred from the Republic of Mexico to the Republic of Texas shall be settled hereafter by special agree ment between the Republic of Texas and the Republic of Muxico, under the mediation of her Britannic Majesty. Rl"* — A Sell " of fights and scuffles took place at the Shore here on Satusrvidio.yi car penters, Monday last. The bellige rents were sailors and The p o e l pters, who had apparently been drinking too much. succeeded, and constabulary force were at length called out, an d , though not without e l m d e e a d :l t e t rs. Several parties some difficulty, in securing the ringlead ers . will i r is undergoing in. have been seriously injured, and th! invernessil'i riot , we we trust, be ♦estigation. Such disgraceful scenes again repeated in our quiet town.— Ploy o e f d the making up A man at Lyons, who was employed poisoned balls' of meat - for the destruction - to run loose about the town, laid a wager last w eek that - would eat a piece of the prepared meat. He actually sw allowed he the morsel, hoping to eject it again immediately from hi i °ed sto mach by producing nausea. The foolish fellow, however, did mot IiUCCOCd, and lie* in a precarious state. FIRST PERFORMANCE OF ROS SINI'S " STABAT MATER " IN THIS COUN TRY, AT THE ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. The far-famed Stabat Mater of Rossini was per formed yesterday morning for the first time, as a whole, in this country, at the St. James's Theatre, Signor Ga bassi conducting, M. Tolbeque leading the orchestra, Demoiselle Lutzer, Mademoiselle Pacini, Signor Mario, and Herr Staudigl sustaining the solo parts, the choral music being performed by one of the most efficient and excellently-drilled chorusses ever heard within the walls of a theatre. The Stabat Mater, as most of our readers are doubtless aware, is a Catholic service, dedi cated to the Virgin, and descriptive of her sufferings at beholding the crucifixion of her Son. Parts of the Stabat Mater of Rossini have already been given at va rious concerts this season. We protested against the prac tice at the time; we protest against it now, as unjust alike to the composer and to the audience. It is only as a whole that a composition like the Stabat Mater can . be judged, and as a whole we have no hesitation in declaring that the Stabat Mater of Rossini is one of the most sublime compositions to be found in the whole range of sacred music. From its high continental reputation we were prepared to expect a grand, an original, a thought fulework. Our highest expectations have been surpassed by the reality. The composition opens with a grand choral introduction, " Stabat Mater dolorosar which is succeeded by a tenor solo, most effectively given by Mario. This solo is a very remarkable composition ;it seems almost like a choral movement, and yet there is no chorus. This is followed by a duet, " Quis est homo qui non fleret," for a soprano and a contralto, beautifully executed by Demoiselle Lutzer and Mademoiselle Pacini; and then follows one of the most magnificent composi tions ever heard—a bass solo, with accompaniments, de scriptive of the intense anguish of the Virgin at behold ing the death throes of her Son on the cross. We know of no composition so thrilling, so completely soul-har rowing as this sublime air, " Pro peccatis sum gentis." Staudigl entered fully into the inspirations of the great Maestro, and his clear deep tones gave an intensity to the music which completely brought out every effect in tended by the composer. To this succeeded a chorus and recitative, without accompaniment, in fact a chant, " Eia. Mater ions amoris," Staudigl taking the the solo part. The chorus is evidently intended to con vey the idea of Christ's Disciples, who are standing around the. cross, offering consolation to the Virgin, and seeking .to participate in her griefs—and most sublimely and most perfectly is the feeling conveyed by the music. The choral effects in this composition are some of the most astonishing ever produced. It seems as if Rossini had determined to show of what the human voice, unas sisted by instrumental music, is capable. This was. a most trying composition for the chorus. If a single individual member of it had sung out of tune, or out of time, the effect of the whole would have been spoiled. Nothine, however, could exceed the accuracy and taste with which the chorus performed its duties, and thus, perhaps, the gem.of the whole composition was, as well as the solo of Staudigl which preceded it, rapturously en cored. This concluded the first part of the service. The second commences with a quartett, " Sancta Mater istud egos," by the four principal singers, followed by a cavatina for the contralto, "Fac ut portem Christi mortem," given with great taste and effect, by Mademoiselle Pacini. To this succeeds an air from the soprano and chorus, " In flammatus et Ascensus." This air, which requires great power ar.d delicacy, to do it full justice, was exquisitely given by Demoiselle Lutzer, and loudly encored. Then followed the quartett, " Quando corpus morietur," by Demoiselle Lutzer, Mademoiselle Pacini, Mario, and .Staudigl, without chorus and without accompaniment, This, which is decidedly the finest thing in the second part, was admirably given ; the voices harmonised beautifully, each supporting the other, and blending into ono most expressive and pathetic whole. It was the very perfection of quartett singing. It is needless to say that its repetition was called for. It was called for not only by the audience but by the band and the chorus, who were most enthusiastic in their plaudits. Then came, as the finale, the grand chorus, "In sempiterna secula, Amen"—a magnificent ccanposition, of which even Haydn might have been proud. Rossini has by his Stabat Mater shown that, so far from his powers being exhausted, they have not as yet reached the zenith. It is by far the grandest and most sublime composition that has as yet emanated from his pen, and places him at once in the same high rank as Handel, as Haydn, as Mozart, as Beethoven. He has evidently studied Haydn assiduously, but he has not copied him. He can no more be called an imitator of Haydn in sacred music than he can be called an imitator of Ciinarosa in operatic music. It is evident, however, that Haydn is his fa vourite among sacred composers, and that he is thoroughly imbued with Haydn's spirit. But he is no servile follower ; he is a man of genius, and every note of this glorious composition is thoroughly imbued with that characteristic of true genius—originality. Mr. Mitchell has conferred a great obligation on every lover of the highest school of music by getting up this splendid work in the highly efficient manner he has done. We hope and believe that his efforts have not gone un rewarded, for the house was crowded by the elite of fashion. MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS The following are the results of " A Table of Mortality in the Metropolis, showing the Number of Deaths from all Causes Registered in the week ending June 25, 1842." The Table is issued from the Office of the Registrar-General:— Weekly Average 1838-9.40-1 CAUSES OF DEATH. Total. P;;;; A Four Springs hears Epidemic, Endemic. & Contagious Diseases 126 183 190 Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses 109 147 149 Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of Respiration ANseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other , . Organs of Digestion ... Diseases of the Kidneys, &c Childbed, Diseases of the Uterus, &e l4 9 10 Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles 2 , 6 6 Diseases of the Skin, &c 3 1 1 Diseases of Uncertain Seat 93 99 104 0 1 4 Age ' or Natural Deaf) , • 36 63 69 Deaths by Violence, Privation, or Intem perance Causes not specified Deaths from all causes . 32 25 25 2 6 7 742 - - 871 912 Average Deaths Weekly in Deaths the 1835.9-4e-1. Week. West—Kensington St. George ( Hanover - square ), Westmin- Four I Four Ater, St. Martin in the Fields, Ye- rs.l Springs. St. James North—St. Mary-le-bone, St Pancras, Islington, Hackney 365,660 162 156 128 Central—Saint Giles and Saint Average Weekly Deaths Population: enu merated 'oil. Goorge, Strand, Clerkenwell, Holborn, St. Luke, East Lon don, West London, City of London 373,806 188 179 137 East-- Shoreditch,Whitechapel, Bethnal Green, St. George in the East, Stepney, Poplar 392;49i 206 190 138 South—St Saviour, St. Olave, St.George(Sonthwark),Ber mond.ey, Newington, Lam beth, Camberw.ll, Rothe' , hitlie, Greenwich .............438,060 221 210 208 Total 1,870,727 912 It is stated that under the term Metropolis are comprised the 32 districts herein mentioned, which include the City of Lon don with and without the walls, the City and Liberties of Westminster, the out-parishes within the Bills of Mortality— and the parishes of St. Marylebone, St. Pancras, Kensington, Fulham, Hammersmith Chapelry), St. Luke (Chelsea), Pad dington, St. Mary ( Stoke Newington), St. Leonard (Brom ley), St. Mary-le-bow, Camberwell, Greenwich, St. Nicholas and St. Paul (Deptford), and Woolwich. Th, population, as enumerated in 1831, was 1,594,690; and. in June 1841, was 1,870,727. The weekly average for 1838, 1839, 1840, and 1841, was obtained by dividing the deaths in the four years by 208, and the deaths in the four Winters by 52. TEMPERATUEE ni THE WEEKS ENDING June 18. June 25. 82 84° 54 53 68 65 30, 1842. Highest Lowest Daily Mean ......... General Register Office, June CHURCH-RATES. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) GREAT MARLOW, JUNE 30.—At a vestry meeting, called this day, pursuant to notice, the Churchwardens askedfor a rate of 2d. in the ►pound, for the current year, which was proposed by Owen blethered Brewer, and seconded by Thomas Gibbons, coal-merchant. An amendment was moved by Mr. G. Brangwin, farmer, and seconded by Thomas Broadway, gent., tha the consideration of the rate be adjourned to this day twelve months ; another amendment was moved that no rate be granted. The Vicar (after some sharp skirmishing) divided the meeting, and declared the amendment carried. A poll was demanded by the Vicar's Churchwarden, and was fixed to take place from three to five this day, to commence to-mor row at nine in the morning, 2nd finally close at five o'clock. The Church party is very sore, and are raising objections to those that have not paid all their poor-rates. The following is the result of the first day's poll : For the rate 3.. Against it........ Majority against the rate —l2 TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. S i f ch a isteamerß'—Yesterday st passingerda 13 ( i S ac ti k n w da a y ll ) , labouring man, a passenger, who t w he he l n vin t d he cau A gh ri t ei th W e h o a o t lw e " Was dressed all in his best, to walk abroad with Sally," and blew it into the river. The other passengers, as is usual on such accidents, made merry of the thing, much to the poor fellow's discomfiture, who had to skulk into a bye corner to avoid their jests. But a circumstance occurred which is worth telling : unkno wn t o t h e man, a gentleman thinking he could ill afford the loss, went round the deck for a subscription; every man, woman, and child at once responded to this, and in three minutes a sum of 10s. Id. was presented to him ; the mate of the vessel at the same time doffing his castor to the man to supply the place of the lost one. Here is a pleasing in cident and characteristic of John Bull, and the disposition of our middle and working classes who take their healthful re creation per steam on Sundays. Let the Pharisees, who wish to stop the poor man from his healthful enjoyment on the only day h e c an get. it, think of such things when they talk of the un-Chri,tian desecration of the Sabbath-day by steamboats and coaches. R. H. June 27, 1342. I'ORfIGN MEAT.—The ship Sus sex b rought to London, on Friday, two casks , as sam p le, of South Aust ra lian...... beef, of very fine quality. The shippe r sas" W e shall be paid if we get three pence per lb. in London ," an d he v.v. " cattle feed so well in Australia that feeding caw., and u sending it to London or Liverpool, will pay better than s h eep farmiog."—Lirerpool Courier. SOLAR SPOL—The large solar spot noticed i n the York Courant of the 2d instant, after making a revolution of tip solar globe, has again made its appearance ott,the eastern side df the disc, it'd . is now travelling towards the surOr centre in the form of a large and beautiful oblong cluster of dark and luminous spots, which may be distinctly seen, when the atmos phere proves favourable, with any kind of telescope being pro tected with a piece of dark cololred !flaw —J. Nicholson, York. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 2, 1842 DISTRICTS. OVERLAND MAIL PARIS, ThURSDAY• The French telegraph conveys the following news brought by the Indian mail, which left Malta the 26th, and reached Marseilles the 29th. On the 16th of April, General Pollock joined Sir R. Sale at Jellalabad, re-establishing on his march the authority of Thorabaz Khan Sullpoora. He was to march on Caubul as soon as he was joined by Colonel Boulton. General Eng land had re-united troops, forced the passes, and joined General Nott at Candahar. Captain M'Kenzie had arrived at Jellalabad, with offers from Akbar Khan to release his prisoners on conditions. The answer was not known. Elphinstone died on the 23d of April. China news is of the 19th. On the 10th of March the Chinese, 10,000 or 12,000 strong, tried to retake Ningpo, while another force attacked Chinghae. In both instances they were repulsed with considerable THE REGICIDE FRANCIS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Stn,—The observations in your Paper of this day, on the attack made by Francis upon our amiable Queen, has awakened in my mind great solicitude about the fate of that deluded man. The life of a fellow-creature is at stake, and appears to be in great jeopardy. He has been convicted, by the verdict of a Jury, of an attempt to take away the life of our beloved Sovereign ; but this merely on circumstan tial evidence, and, I confess, evidence most unsatisfactory to my mind. Indeed, I cannot help coming to a directly opposite conclusio.l—viz., that he had no intention to take away the Queen's life. For in my mind, it exceeds the utmost limits of probability, that a pistol charged with any substance capable of destroying life, and pointed at the Queen, should be fired off within seven feet of the Royal carriage, at a moment when Colonel Arbuth not and his horse were interposed between the Queen and the pistol, and that no mark should have been pro duced by it on the man, the horse, or the carriage. On the other hand, consider the nature of the evidence on which the Jury found the prisoner guilty, the sound produced by the discharge of the pistol. On such evidence I never could have given a verdict of guilty, when the life of a prisoner was at stake. I should have doubted my own ears, if present when the pistol was fired ; and could not, of course, have trusted to another's. It is said, and is, I believe, an undoubted fact, that fire-arms loaded with ball make a louder report than if loaded without ball. But in Francis s case there is evidence that no mark was to be found to prove that the pistol was loaded with ball ; this evidence (though negative), considering the position of the prisoner, &c., at the moment of discharging the pistol, appears to me to outweigh the positive evidence as to sound. And when it .is considered that the pistol could not be fired without a great d. gree of surprise, and even consternation at the instant, it appears the most improbable, that a soldier, however practical in ac tual war, could give a very confident opinion, whether the pistol was or was not loaded with ball, or other matter destructive of life. But, if Francis purposed to kill the Queen, why use any other matter than a bullet? what else more likely to effect his purpose, and how easily to be procured? I would here ask whether the degree of sound might not in some measure depend on the quality of the powder. and still more on its being rammed down (even without wadding) with more or less force. Might not the sound in some degree depend on the structure of the pistol? Under such circumstances, I would never have found a verdict of guilty, because there was not evidence to remove doubt from my mind ; and it is the universal direction of Judges, in Criminal Courts, that where there is doubt the prisoner ought to have the benefit of it. Nor can I regard the conduct of Francis on the pre. ceding Sunday as any additional proof of his purpose to destroy the Queen. If the pistol was not loaded with destructive matter on the Monday, what is there to show that it was on the Sunday ? The probability is, that it was in the same state, both on the Sunday and Monday. I lament exceedingly that anything should have been done to give a moment's alarm or anxiety to our beloved Sovereign, and though the law must not in this ease be restrained, in terrorem, I hope that a new law will be made, declaring that the discharging of any kind of fire arms presented against our Monarch, shall, without proof of the piece being loaded with any destructive substance, subject the offender to transportation for life, or other very severe punishment. Now, the question whether Francis shall suffer death, is one of the most solemn nature, and it is a question of mere abstract justice and law. In deciding this ques tion, a man should endeavour to divest himself of all feeling. Disgust, horror, pity, will cloud his judgment. Bat at this moment I think the public mind is in an ex cited state, and, therefore, that the judgment of the pub lic is not to be confided in. There is another reason which makes me solicitous that the life of Francis should be spared, and that is a wish to save her Majesty from any of those compunc tious visitings of nature which would be the result of a future conviction in her own mind that the man was in nocent as to any murderous purpose. Now, suppose that in the awful moment of death he should solemnly and firmly proclaim his innocence, I cannot persuade myself that it would not be the occavion of very bitter and last ing pangs in the tender and benevolent heart of our be loved Queen that she had not extended to him the pre rogative of mercy. To me it is highly improbable that any man of sou ..d sense should resort to murder the Queen ; for vv l- _ , „ ) ever heard a ground of complaint against her and sup 'Alan to such an posing a mad ambition could rouse a 'or attempt, would he have sunk wh the sentence of death was pronounced on him, would he not rather have gloried in his crime? As to the doctrine a t;.,empted to be set up by th e Crown lawyers at Fr 'l.ncis's trial, that if a case of pre sumptive proof is TrJade out against a man, it is for him to repel the presumption, it appears to me most un- English and an-Christian ; and it would be easy to cite cases of I.,ersons executed for murder, whose innocence has afterwards been established to demonstration, and yet the presumption, from circumstantial evidence, could not be repelled. Mr. Editor, as a subscriber to your independent paper, I hope you will regard with favour this appeal, and either insert this letter, or give such parts as you deem unobjectionable, in such modified form as you may prefer.—l am, Sir, a lover of justice, and June 29, 1842. AN ENGLISHMAN. MARQUIS AND MARCHIONESS OF WATERFORD. DUBLIN, JUNE 29.—The answer to inquiries this morning concerting the Marchioness of Waterford, for whom, al well as her noble hustand, public sympathy has been intensely awakened, wa;‘, that her Ladyship is going on ,avourably, but that she h".. s not been yet pronounced . whe:„y out of danger by her mr,aieal attendants. The Alaro 4 u•:,, (lid not escape without aboutl..n etheMarchioness severe, though s u s upe s rt" cal contusions, but his anxiety ,that he pays no attention to him self, and is occupied wi.',,nout ceasing in ministering to the comfort or relief of nis suffering consort. On Monday even ing that eminent surgeon, Mr. Cusack, left town for Cur. ragbmore. (ruRTIIER. PARTICULARS.) WA-rear-ORn, JUNE 23.—You will have heard of the ac cident the noble pair met with. The real facts of thb circumstances are these. The Noble Marquis last week pur chased a splendid pair of greys. On Saturday evening, ac companied by the Marchioness, he was driving about his mag. nificent park, when suddenly the horses became restive, and bounded down a hill; the carriage and horses were upset, the Marchioness dashed with most frightful violence against a tree; her head was severely injured, her chest cut, her left side and hip bruised. The Marquis (who was driving) escaped comparatively unhurt. The Marchioness was conveyed in a litter to Curraghmore House, front whence messengers were at once dispatched to Portlaw, Carrick-on- Suir, and Waterford, for medical aid. Two medical gentlemen were speedily in attendance. Dr. Briscoe, of Waterford, ar rived in a short time,,and remained in constant attendance on the Noble sufferers. Dr. B. arrived at Curraghmore in one hour and five minutes, the distance being upwards of twelve miles, and a very hilly road. The Marchioness remained speechless during the nigh.., but was rather better during the day. On Monday sh° was con sidered again better, but yet in a very preearin s state. This day (Tuesday) she continues to amends though still in a dangerous way, her medical attendar;s do not despair of her recovery. The Noble Marquis is quite inconsolable. His mind is in a most distressed state. He 'nas received no bodily injury. The carriage and ho'.ses were very much injured. One of the horses had t o b e s h ot ; his ribs were broken, his legs se verely hurt, and h e attendant of any are: c h h e o lc belovedna n e t i by d y, e n wa t was in an incurable state. There was no y et hi,e The s description with the nobl e couple. lhi h e a re a l a c sb a s o u e ts s h. e d t a hTe d h e Ae e as f ri e ga e ur l ci i s n h oa u o n e f ds ;s s o I r wa o ar w ; erayed for in all the chapels (Roman Catholic) of the surround ing country on Sunday. H E R MAJESTY ' S THEATRE.—Signor Puzzi was on Thursday honoured with very brilliantpatronage. One of Ros sini's finest operas was compressed into one act, and entrusted to Persiani, Ronconi, Rubini. Lablache, and Guasco. Puzsi's own solo on the horn, and his " Fra poco," together with Thal berg's fantasia, kindled the admiration they have commanded every where. The most rapturous applause att en d e d R ubini ' s "Tu vedrai la tventura," and the curtain fell over i t in immense acclamations. Alma, with its splendid d ecorat i ons, rich dresse dresses, and its graceful Daughter of Fire, wound up th e entertainments. FAIRLOP FAlR.—Yesterday being the first Friday i n July, the far-famed fair of Fairlop was held. As the origin of the fair, and the ceremony of proclamation, is not generally known, the following account may not be uninteresting. The lair appears to have ari-en from one Daniel Day, a block maker, taking his men annually to Epping forest for a day's amusement; and on one occasion, Queen Elizabeth being pre sent, and having a " lop," or branch, off the famous large oak presented to her, at once granted a fair, which was legalised upon certain conditions, one of which is, that the block-makera and shipwrights should go in vessels rigged and manned, and there ride round the limits of the fair. This is done at the present day ; two miniature first-raters being placed on ear iages, which are drawn by horses gaily dressed out, and filled with men, and accompanied by bands of music ; ard on arriving on the ground, they ride round three times singing some dog grel rhyme, of which (alluding to the royal promise)— " she viewed the tree from bottom to top, And said a fair shall be held for this Fair-lop." They then drink to the memory of Daniel Day, an d th e cere mony is complete. The fairis very thinly attended with booths, &c., as by the suppression of the Sunday fair the keepers have lost for the last two or three years. It appears not to be generally known, that livery stable-keepers are liable to have soldiers billeted upon them. The 58th clause of the Mutiny Act enacts, that " all provi siona for billeting officers and soldiers in "victualling-houses shall extend and apply to all inns, livery-stables, alehouses, and to the houses of sellers of wine by retail, whether British or Fo reign, to be cenousaid on the premises," 4c. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT HOUSE OF LORDS, July 1. ROYAL ASSENT. The Royal Assent was given to-day by Commission to the Justices Jurisdiction (No. 2) Bill, the Copyright Bill, the Public-houses Regulation Bill, the Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Amendment Bill, and the North American Colonial Association Regulation Bill. The Commissioners were the Lord Chancellor, the Earl of Shaftesbury, and Lord Wharncliffe. Their Lordships resumed at Five o'Clock. MEDICAL CHARITIES (IRELAND). The Duke of LEINSTER presented a petition from the county of Kildare, in favour of exempting the Medi cal Charities of Ireland, from the supervision of the Poor-law Commissioners. His Lordship stated that he totally dissented from the prayer of the petition. Lord GLENGALL presented 'several petitions from places in Ireland, to the same effect. Lord CARBERY presented petitions, haling the same prayer. Lord GLENGALL begged to state, that the sub scribers to these Charities had no objection to a proper supervision, but they had a great objection to the con trol of the Poor-law Commission. COLLIERIES. The Bishop of LONDON presentei several petitions from the North of England, praying the House to take some steps to prevent the degrading employment of females in mines. 3IEDICAL CHARITIES. The Earl of MOUNTCASHEL presented a petition from the president and members of the Medical Associa tion of Ireland, signed by 79 members of the medical pro fession, and sanctioned by Almost all the medical pro fession in Ireland, complaining of the removal of medical charities from the management of the gentry of the country. The whole of Ireland was roused upon this point, medical men as well as others, all of whom pro tested against the statements which they believed had been put forth from the worst of motives. The petitioners objected to the supreme power over the medical men being vested in the Commissioners, because the petitioners believed that the Poor-law Commissioners had done less good for the money raised on their behalf than any body of men. When the Poor-law question was regularly brought before their Lordships, he trusted the House would pay due attention to the question. lhe Duke of LEIN STER defended the conduct of the Board of Guardians. The Earl of MOUNTCASHEL presented a similar petition from a Dispensary in Cork. Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition from Lis keard, complaining of the taxes on knowledge. LAW OF EVIDENCE (SCOTLAND). Lord CAMPBELL gave notice that it was not his intention to bring in any Bill during the present Ses sion with respect to the mode of giving evidence in Scotland. Upon the most diligent inquiries he had been able to make he had discovered that the law of England and Scotland on this subject were the same, and that the law of Scotland gave the same protection to witnesses as the law of England did. If he found that the law of Scotland was not the same as the law of England, upon discover ing that to be so he should feel himself bound to intro duce a Bill on the subject. Earl RADNOR moved for certain returns, relative to the importation of corn.—Agreed to. The Earl of FINGALL presented a petition from the Roman Catholics of Oldham, complaining of the griev ances under which they laboured. The LORD CHANCELLOR postponed the second reading of the Bill for the Limitation of Actions in Ireland to Friday next. MESSAGE FROM THE COMMONS. A Message from the Commons brought up the New South Wales Bill, and several other Bills. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, July 1. The SPEANER entered the House at Ten Minutes be fore Four o'Clock, and prayers having been read, at Four o'Clock the Right lion. Gentleman having counted the House there were only 32 Members present; at this mo ment, however, the Deputy Usher of the Black Rod en tered, and summoned the House to the House of Lords to hear the Royal assent given to certain public and private Bills (for which see Lords' Report). BIRMINGHAM CHARTER Mr. DUGDALE presented a petition, signed by four teen or fifteen thousand inhabitants of the borough of Birmingham complaining of the operation and expense of the Charter of Incoiporation of Birmingham. GAOLERS. Mr. GREENE presented a petition from the subaltern officers of different gaols in England, complaining that there was no power of granting them superannuated allowances, and praying the House to take the circum stances into consideration, and make legal provision for that purpose. CHURCH EDUCATION. Lord BARNARD presented a petition from Temple Brady, in the county of Cork, against the system of National Education established in Ireland, and in favour of Church Education. The New South Wales Bill was read a third time and passed, Lord Stanley having announced her Majesty's assent to the appropriation of the Crown revenues to the Trade ßill. Bill was read third time and purposes The Stock of the i n passed. The Manchester and Bolton Police Bill was read - 4 third time. BRIBERY BILL. The SOLICITOR-G EN.EI? Asi, t h o a d g o l t t i e l l r y o - ü been h h w a to nole of it s so carefully as he could this have wished ; • nima li nd s h t e at l e l d ad t n h o a t t been able of it he - 4 t the same time, from what he had seen ' saw that it was quite im yeSsible that th:: Bill c°111(1 pass in its present state, Without pointing out ..,ne defects of the Bill, he would suggest to the Noble Lord that it should be referred to a Select Committee up stairs to put it into proper operative shape. That he thought would be a much more convenient course than going into Committee of the whole House now. Mr. C. WOOD said he had looked through the Bill with great care, and he had come to the same opinion as had been expressed by the Right Hon. and Learned Gen• tleman opposite. Mr. MACKINNON said he had given notice that he should move that this Bill be committed on this day six months. After what had taken plane ho should not now enter into that discussiet4 tie thought what had passed had shown the justice of his motion. He did not now wish to interetipt the business of the House, but he must say that he thought it impossible for any Commit , tee so to amend that Bill as to make it proper to . pass into a law without entirely altering some of the princi ples of the Bill ; under these circumstances he should postpone his motion ibr the third reading being put off till the third reading came before the House. Lord J. RUSSELL regretted that the Hon. Gentle= man opposite objected to the principles of the Bill, Ile (Lord J. Russell) conceived the principles and objects of the Bill to be correct ones. He agreed with the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite that the defects of the till would be better discussed in a Stied COmmittee than in a Committee of the whole 'louse. lie was quite willing that a Select Corathittre should be app o i n t e d. H e should,' therefore, on Monday, move that such a Committee should be appointed.—(Hear.) After a few words from Mr. AGLIONBY, the matter dropped. NEW WRIT FOR BUCKING HAUSHIRA On the motion of Mt. H. BAIIINCi, a flew writ was ordered to be issued for the dottnty of Buckingham, in the room of Sit IV, Young, deceased. SUPPLY—DISTRESS IN THE MANUFACTUR- INU DISTRICT • The House having, on the :nation 0? Mr CLERK, resolved itself into a Ootiltilittee of Supply, and the Right Hon. Baronet having moved the estimates for Chinmund the miscellaneous estimates; Mr. WALIJA.CE rose And 41a, that in hringitig for ward the motion of whith he had given notice relative to the depression or trade and the distress which prevailed among the labouring classes, it was his anXions desire to discharge the duty he had undertalien the thatiiier which could least lead to arty softof eicjtetilent those whose interests were So &try involVed in the question. The n'ije'4t which he had in ,view Witg.tliat there shotild ite ti discithdOn in tli4 c I-toil:4o; Which would hring to light the ttettO .i,t ( ti.te of the distress which pteVaded these kin ems from one end to the other. While he r:Ould devote his own particular attention chiefly to those localities with which he lefts nide in: timately acquainted, and hall in Manner in trusted him with their cite . le itiviied Member's, who teptnonted tile his, labouring nude deep disitite , , to take their share in the 4isello4ittl, and to bring before the lime stitch fitcts as might have come to their know: ledge, and to illustrate their statements y t ich pies as would tend to include het Al4eSty s Ia take into their consideration that wide'-spread —that un precedented distress which preVailed throughoet the Oil ; pire. Having prefeeed it with these re* wbidS o he iebrideifed he should best discharge hit duty once into the task he had undertaken. He would first call the attention of the House to the'state of the mercantile metropolis in Scotland—the condition that qh**cii, WM in. Whilst he thus prefaced Ultak ire lid to gily ; he would state he would bring information before the House ; and he should not trouble the libuSe with anything in the shape of !Aimed bf others, without being perfect prepafed Eornmunicate the name of his informant. lie was prepared also to give her Majesty's Ministers every information s if re quired; and if it were respectfully demanded), N wttatd not at all withhold the name of his itikniAnt 1):Ota any Gentleman on either s ide of the House. his eQvct was to state nothing but that which he believed to be trite= to state accurately and fairly, so as to command the utmost attention, not only of her Majesty's Ministers, but of the House at large. Now, he had ; in the first place, to state, that the general trade of the coutttfy, he believed from one end of the kingdom to the other, was in an exceedingly distressed state, and that they would find th a t no one class could even obtain general employment, without which no country could exist. He believed that he should best discharge his duty by read. ing no documents but those which he believed could be taken. - Ile would first read a letter, dated the 1 1 th Jute. It said that trade was in a much worse state than iu January last. The numbers of the unemployed h a d increased during the last six weeks. The number of persons si ho had been as sisted by the relief fund was 12,000. This did not prove the number out of employment, for these persons generally never applied for reli?f until they had been supported as long as they possibly could by selling their • furniture and clothes. Wages had fallen in every depart ment, and there was every prospect of their continuing to fal. Many of the manufacturers had recently discharged a large ntinibe - r - of workpeople, and the general feeling was, that this would hc.contintyd to a still greater extent. That hate , : was dated the lath of June: The next letter was . dated the 18th of June, which stated that the town was woefully ettickeu. Upwards of 250 soup-tickets had beep furnished, and it was calculated that 1,000 persons had 1 partaken of the soup. There were 1,000 men unem- 1 ployed, but they had reason to believe that ten times that number were out of employment in the city of Glas gow, and were still on the increase. , The next he would read was a printed document, which he had in quired into, and he believed to be correct. It stated that considerable difficulty existed in obtaining information, but they had every reason to be lieve that one thousand persons were out of employment. The Hon. Gentleman having concluded reading the document, went on to say that one of the great causes of the House not being informed on the present state of matters was, that no authorised inquiry had been made into the distressed condition of the people. He believed that it would be. found that throughout the country generally the authorities were more anxious to conceal the state of matters than to make it known to the Go vernment. The Honourable Gentleman next called the attention of the House to another communi- . cation from the unemployed in Glasgow. It stated— " During the last week there have been several large meetings of a portion of the unemployed in the Green, where the causes of their pre sent distress, and the best mode of alleviating it, have , been amply discussed. At a meeting of this kind on Thursday, it was resolved that, on the following day, they should proceed en masse to the city, for the purpose of soliciting charity. On Friday forenoon, accordingly, several hundreds of them assembled at the Royal Ex change, with the view, it appears, of commencing their tour of mendicity through the city, by soliciting as sistance from the gentlemen who attend the room. A benevolent gentleman, whose sympathies were ex cited by the appearance of so many of his fel low-creatures seeking bread, resolved on spend ing a sum of money for the purchase of loaves, and proceeded, accompanied by the greater portion of the unemployed, to a baker's shop in Argyle street, where he bought a considerable number of loaves, and handed them out to the crowd, by whom they were greedily accepted. The pressure, however, became so great, that the police were forced to interfere, and, for the protection of the gentleman himself, who was pressed on all hands by the crowd, he was taken to the police•office, where he was of course at once set at liberty by the lieutenant on duty. The unemployed again returned to the Exchange in considerable num bers, and loitered about for some time, when they were informed, .by the superintendent of police, that they could not be allowed to congregate together in the streets, but that if they wished to huld any ,communication with the authorities, they had bett2r repair to the City-hall, which would be opened for their reception. The entire bcdy then moved otf to the City Hall, from whence they sent a deputation to wait on the Lord Provost, to whom his Lordship explained the measures which were taking by the Relief Commit tee for the supply of their wants, and urged the im propriety of their assembling on the streets in the tumul tuous manner referred to. The deputation expressed themselves satisfied with his Lordship's statement, and promised to use every effort in their power to prevent a repetition of the scene which had that day been ex hibited. This promise, we have reason to believe, the deputation fulfilled to the utmost ; but, in spite of their solicitations, it was resolved, at a meeting afterwards held, to assemble aga'n on Saturday at the Royal Exchange. On Saturday forenoon, in terms of the resolution, a large number met in front of the Exchange, but, upon being remonstrated with by the police, they went away." That he contended was a most unprecedented state of things, and showed how necessary it was that some speedy measures of relief should bo adopted. The Hon. Gentleman then read a short paragraph, describ . ing the extent and degree of the distress in Glasgow as follows :—" The unemployed are still increasing, notwith standing the vigorous efforts of the relief committee to continue them at the miserable employment which great numbers of them eagerly compete for. There are, alto gether, upwards of 1,000, with daily applications from scores of other miserable u reeks of men.' The follow ing may be considered as a fair estimate of those engaged at work, such as it is : Working as labourers on the Milton Estate 3OO At the Quarry Hogganfield Breaking stones, &c., at Duke-street Do. do. Parliament-road Point Look-out—Garsenbe-road Weaving Cleaning `,..4allowgitte-burn 20 Do s March burn 3O 1,093 Besides the above. about 2,000 persons are supplied with bread and soup daily, at the prentises ill St, Etideh's Wynd. For the pour miserable souls reduced daily to these sad alternatives, we are entitled to state, that those in employment at manual or other labour are assiduous and attentive, while all are gratefuratid thankful. We may also state that the above does not by any means include all the unemployed of Glasgow, There are hundreds starving . in misery and edge, Wile tioeld ntlt bear the thought of being marshalled - up to the soup kitchen, for an allowance of the pauper's fare, and thousands besides, who could neither break stones on the highway, nor rake the mud out of such filthy drains as the Gallovvgate Burn." In a letter, dated the 14th tune, whieh he had received from a friend of hit, and who had good means of ewer taining tho trath, it was stated " trade is much worse since January. Many mill-owners, &c. dropping their 113114, and more expected to do so. Manypersons think mat matters will be even worse . yet, and a general heavy and gloomy feeling pervades society. In the home trade, something has been deing lately, arising from the usual demands at this season of the year, but this demand is now over, and the home trade has also become heavy. On applying to-day at the office of the relief committee for the unemployed, I find about 3,000 heads of families for the city and suburbs, out of work, and the rough calculation is that about twelve thousand persons are dependent on this fund at present. Be sides these, many indviduals are supposed to be with out employment,., but who have not applied for relief, having some small - men:l3 -- of support left, by pawning their clothes, furniture, &c. Such is the state of things, which it is the pleasure of two thirds of your Honourable Houses of Parliament should exist in this once flostrishing community. Our trade is drying up, its foreign springs being in a state of gradual dimi nution, and our home trade will decay along with it. We are a doomed people: The curse of aristocracy is upon us. Do what you can to help us ,• you may depend upon the accuracy of these brief details I have given, had I been disposed to colour them, they would have looked much worse." Such ales the state of things in Glasgow ; and the situa tion of the manufacturers, shopkeepers, and shippers of the country surrounding Glasgow, was equally bad. A private communication, dated the 18th of June, which he had received from an active and intelligent resident of Itilitiarneek, where the carpet manufacture had been as thriving as in any other part of the kingdom, stated, "During the tithe I was engaged lately to distribute some 40/. among the unemployed, it was heart-rending to hear in detail the amount of miser y and destitution re lated by some of, the recipients; who declared they had neither bleat, Coals; iidt• eldthihg for a long time, having sold every saleable article they had pfefidue id Melting application fur relief. I shall only give.one shade in this picture of human misery. One day a person applied to me to lay his case before the Committee. He had been feet of eitiployeietit Silky *Urinary, His wife had been badly for some years with tatlittig, and had not one bit of meat either for her or himself. I knew tine man to be it respeetable resident in the place, and he was well known to the Whdle of the Committee to be so. He re ceived is. 6d. They could ndi PO him more owing to the pressure of the app,idants; the lace heing4thetetimes lite rality thebbech 'Fuld ease it Ott it fair sample of scam of it ligngs who were served with 6 . dn. The most clef girth to adults ) and threepence for each child, and I ttin soft- anions that tedree df them could be found at the present iiidreetit ifiiii lire dragging tint a miserable existence ; ' who have, rib kind Oye al pity or hand.to helps' who Cainuit find *bili; afid fl;hd dre unable to lirettit stones, or wok at olit-door labour. the turisoii &di each dieteese is seemly heard of in our own neighbout l iiddelf bid dill in whisper•e, .; Is obvious. 'lf you go to the Millie Elf Clbo tile free t lher will tell you that sin is the dg cage tit' .Ydiii etitig; If you ask the elder flit relief, he wi l shake his head at you. It foil appi id ill!: itithoiltieg thel say . they have no power, and melt Oh *ittl infi4dai tion. If you apply to the editor of a Iril newspaper lie will burn the article. Beg, and you will be apprehended, and put in prison ! These are but the dutlinte df a true deified ill liting character, and if pre eerited to the ofitie of triif afigioefitot; tvollid tell th4ici a Old ichiblll it iibii pil64httecl ih. promote sympathy, might induce fear.' The peftietilais of the next case which he should mention he had fedelc*l from a person well acquainted with the situation Of the working-classes. The letter.was dated Kilmarnock, 20th tulle 1= 1 ; At Pd fUrtilef period ri'dtl the working classes here sd ill clad fluid ill todi SA tid iitterli uiikle to pay the rents of their houses; or the &a° deets *MA Mil, hate 663itftt3ted i and .I am informed by the captain of Hied (vibti )kiiiiite fill state of the people better than -any man here) that ati nlinietiOet litiinber df the working classes have sold or pawned every &tide they c ould MOO into the merllet-=that now they have nothing In itie tillaPe dfPersdiltil properit ne fall beck uponi and that the most precarious employment, tied the most Scanty wages; . alone stand between them rind Wteeetidn: Ad immense number of emigrants have left this 15lace, add bully hundreds are anxi ous to go, if they had money to pay their piteesget to Cllieda. They ate willing to risk any conceivable calamity, father than reitaill Where evident starvation awaits them: May Goa • grant teat pot attempt on the present adasien may be attended with fa voneeble fesillte." Another letter stated that the ‘VoViliiik Znii - sei iiiife 11l a ItitAt -deplorable state of heartless apathy. lie thought it would not be dispeted that the. Goverpment had allowed the work -14 r 4a,*.t: 10 frill intd sail a itato di destitution as that they ilia iho* no means, u ,r fe!!t'qii±i thvityvlro. It should be his endeavour to bring their case before : 1 4 House, that whether any relict be ()Tented or not, there should be an expression Or will, it sue means were not afforded,. He how came to the case of that ill-fated community,l 14 had been heard, though all had ti el yet t'bcetho much known to them. lie came© to the case of Paisley and its neighbourhood. The people of Paisley, accord ing to the petition which he presented the other day, felt that their situation had been but par tially dealt with. The letter was dated the 19th of June. All his (Mr. Wallace's) communications were direct. He had seen, with great pain, that the distress had been increasing from that time till the present, and lie thought some means should be pointed out for their relief. He (Mr. Wallace) should point out no means but he should show the distress that prevailed, and he should be glad if those Hon. Members who should fol low him in this debate would point out the distress in their -districts and confine themselves solely to that particular. The writer of this letter stated, " I see from the papers the manner in which the Government have shuffled ouc of their conduct here, in the Duke of Wellington's answer to Lord Kinnaird. It is quite clear that unless some great effort be made to secure provision for the starving manufacturing population, during the approach ing winter, by such a motion as yours, Parliament will be adjourned, and they will be allowed to starve and die, or have their lives preserved by the bounty of their neighbours in any way it can be attained. Here things are looking worse and worse at present, the time for making preparations for the autumn trade is at hand, and our most experienced manufacturers assure me there is no prospect whatever of the great mass of the un: employed tieing taken up this year." He had received another letter, dated 28th June, a great part of which was occupied with statements as to the disposal of the funds which had been sent from various parts of the country for the purpose of relieving the distress. The Hon. Memb. r then read the letter.—" The stocks of coarse goods made for the manufacturing districts and Awl-ican market are still heavy, there having been no sales in these mar kets for long, and no appearance of any. The clergy men's committee was formed at the beginning of winter, to meet a special case. The members — of churches had, in general, been able to maintain themselves. They are generally thoughtful and well doing. But the distress had been so long continued—no hope of amendment — the winter intense, many of them suffering very severely, and yet ashamed to go down to the level of a common pauperism. They had always bean a rampart against pauperism, and we wish to maintain their spirit of independence, and furnish supplies in a way as little likely as possible to interfere with it. The clergy of the various denominations agreed to issue a cir cular to the churches, to enable us to make col- Intim. Our application met with a liberal response. Et was designed at the outset, that we should act independently of the general relief coennittee. This was departed from, to avoid any appearance of schism. Wo agreed to pay over to the General Committee the sums which we received, on the understanding that we should from time to time receive such sums again as we needed, after having stated our c se, and when the Com mittee had judged awl determined in the matter by a vote. On the whole, the arrangement wrought, well, and an im mense deal of good was done. The ministers in this way distributed upwards of 3,0001., assisted by all the sessions of the various churches, Established and Dissenting. At the breaking up there was 1,5001. of our fund in the hand of the Relief Committee. We did not sticke for repayment. We knew that many who col lected did so with the view of relieving the die tress generally. We had got nearly all we needed, and the balance of what we had paid in had been expended in relieving the general distress. We were therefore satisfied. The greater part of the people we supplied being well-conducted and rst-rate tradesmen ; had got work, and we had no doubt that old women and young women—a considerable number of women still re mained on our list—would be supplied from the Govern ment stores. But, no I Commissioner Twisleton laid down the rule, that no tieW applicants should be received on any pretext—that the surrounding villages should be excluded. We did think, when the people who had been on the soup kitchen were transferred to the stores, there would have been no objection to admit those who had been on the ministers' fund, and would have enAol ed the same privilege, and all the more that the balatice. due to them had been expended for the general distresi.' , But nu ! The Commissioner was not to be moved. I drew up a memorial to the Government at the request of the General Relief Committee ; which was signed by Sir W. Napier and other Magistrates. Sir James Graham replied, it had been sent to the London Commit tee, and I believe something is now doing for the sur rounding villages, but a deaf ear was turned to me for relief to the few that tertiairled on our fund. Some of them Wete redeeed to great distress, but from the cir. etunstanees I hare referred to, the parties being all of excellent character, they have been among the first to get work. The mode of operation was painfully harsh and untieteaqtrily ao. There were people who, rather than submit to receive charity, would have sub mitted toprivations of which persons in the upper ranks 'have never dreamed. Some express surprise that the young men here generally do not enlist. They should know that Seotchmen never do so when sober. They are too reflective for that. If they wish to enlist, let them furnish them with work and good wages. The more thoughtless will get drunk and then enlist, but r.ot till then. The very lowest of the people are getting more ci vilized in reference to war than some who rule over them." The Hon. Gentleman then proceeded to read a letter front a clergyman of the Established Church in Scot land, dated June 25—a gentleman of Conservative poli tics, but who was universally respected. The writer said-" Ist. My opinion of the whole scheme of the Go- vernment interference with our local charity has been from the beginning (and every day confirms it), a most Uncalled-for thing, that it has done much mischief—that it has increased greatly the expense instead of lessening it, and that the persons at the head of it here have shown themselves totally ignorant of the habits of the Scots.— ild, I have all along contended strongly against the plan of stores, becatise they degrade the minds and condition and feelings of our more respectable operatives, because they are making very necessary articles for families which the stores do not, and perhaps cannot provide, and because the articles in the stores are often of bad quality, while the superintendence—a very expensive thing too — can never be so strict as that of an honest man over his own concerns. Moreover, the villages do not get anything from the stores ; and why should their inhabitants be put upon a different footing from the town ?-3d. With regard to the recipients from the stores, I may say, with perfect accuracy, that they are thankful for what is given them, while they feel, that it is given in an ungracious way, and, I am certain that the difficulties of winter were conquered, and the peace of the community preserved by a system precisely the reverse of what is now going on— ,a system, more economical, by far than the present, and a system which consulted the people as human beings, while it sympathised with them under distresses for which they assuredly were not responsible.-4th. Any reduc tion in point of numbers on the lists, as effected by the new men, is more ideal than real. The re sult of two scrutinies, made for the very purpose of finding fault, has confessedly confirmed the substantial accuracy of the whole.-sth. A grievous act of injustice has been done by the Commissioner, and is going on—viz., the refusal to give, in any case, above 6s. a week to one family, however large, coupled 'with the rule, that a lad above 16 counts as an addi tional case, though living under the same roof. The effect of this has been, that in some cases 16s. has been drawn by one family, while another, larger far, but all under 16, gets only 6s. This was stated to me yes terday by two Magistrates.—While the men at out-door work have been provided, very properly, with barrows and other implements, their repeated petitions for shoes have been harshly rejected. * * * The more I reflect on the state of our town, the more I am convinced that nothing will save it and the commercial interests of the - country but a total revolution in the commercial tariff, and a sweeping away of all restrictions." He had also to read the following, and to bear testimony to the sentiments of gratitude entertained for what had been done by her Majesty with respect to the Paisley ma nufacturers. The letter was dated Paisley, June 20 : "From a return just made up and shown me. o-dav, the number of cotton-spinners, machine-makers, and saorth, idle, in Johnstone, is 1,254. The number employed is duly On About seventy persons have been transported to Canada from Johnstone, by subscription, to lighten the pressure. Trade here has been going back for some weeks, and still continues to do so. There is no prospect at present of improvement. The goods made are princi pally the better description for the home market, and little for the foreign. A shawl merchant told me to-day he usually employs five hundred weavers for the American market at thia season ; this year he has not one, and does not expect to have one for some time. The prospects of the new American tariff, he assures me, has completely _closed .that market against Paisley goods. The queen's shawls were the principal cause of our slight revived Ist spring. That class of goods affords to the weav ers good wages, if they are continued at the same pattern. They have not been continued in general, and in conse quence the weavers' wages have been eaten up by the 6harges in the mountings of their webs. The condition of diepeopleherels most alarming, and the House of Commons should he ittiplered to do something for them, and others similarly situated, before it breaks up for the season." Having been prevented by the forms of the House from presenting a petition then in his hands, he would read it its the House. The petition was from the inhabitants tilirtisley, and signed by six thousand persons, every oflB 4 whom were the recipients of the charity which IA Wen sent from various parties for their use. (The Honourable Gentleman read the petition through, for which we regret to say we cannot find room.) The Hon. Member went on to say that in virtue of the authority given him by the petitioners. he thought it Wet to have the petition printed with the Votes, and he Mitt' ifew brought it to its present use. He next called attentiitfl PY tin advertisement for tenders for the by Mr. Ttwilletro:frrforatfieeha { Governmentrelief agent, had gentleman. lie would tits doubt emanated fdw teed a petition of the fathers of families employed in the 6tdiie quarries, to the Provost of Paisley. (The Honourable detitlefrtsti then re..Nl the petition, and a letter from a clergyraan of the Church of Scotland, describing g i the extent of the distress in Paisley.) The people were living on the smaileet possible sums. The letter recommended that Honourable Members should change places for a short time with these unfortunate! men—try living on one penny a day, and then perhaps they might be able to comprehend the situation in which gni were placed. The documents which he was next about fee oleo s he should refer to with very great pain. They cotitaiered an account of the town which he represented—a tow which he had been acquainted with all - his life, and whien he had seen rise from an insignificant to a flourishing place of trade. Greenock had obtained great celebrity, and was well known to be unrivalled in the art el `hip building. During the last year innumerable strangers vi sited the town, which was then full of business and occupa tion; and the House would be able to appreciate the state to which the town was reduced, they 'nigh tjudge of its ...hh from the language used by the Chief llagis low c,,._. '^neuage of the petition that had been trete, and the e....., ' Non. Baronet. The Hon. addresseeto the Eight _.— a letter addressed to Member then read an extract fron. ~;,.. with the hittleetif by the Chief Magistrate, whise-, - ~,a are other dotentients, are so voluminous that N. ',ti. (' . o bliged to omit them, and proceeded t o state -.1 a mount of the subscriptions that had b een enter fa into rot the relief of the poor. He was sorry to occupy the time of the Right Hon. Gentl eman and of the House, but he felt that he had a duty toperfo_rirt.su.bl.t was stated that the sum which had been rais_d_,b! scription for the relief fund was about je number of ~, oug . m exclu sive of 6001. appropriated to Paisley. The unemployed, instead of diminishing, and good the increase. The prospect of an early _ seemed to be on har vestos, isbeleemtoedctoonbteemtphleaotenlysgehronandstoaftehose.thiintgws was im That letter was dated with out feeling great alarm. the Lath. Thre was another, dated the 16th, in which it was s t a ted that if the d epression raise y fu n ds from continued much longer,. they would be una ble to • - their own resources. On.the 18th, it was stated that if they did not soon see symptoms of an improved state of trade, he had no doubt the Magistrates would think it their duty to make representations to Parliament as to the destitution existing in - that town. He feared that any attempts to raise additional supplies would prove unsuccessful. He now came to the memorial presented to that House by the Provost, the Magistrates, and the Town-council of the town of Greenock. In that me morial it was stated that great distress had existed for the last few months amongst the working classes of Greenock. In the month of March last a public meeting of the inhabitants was held, at which arrangements were made fur the purpose of raising funds for the benefit of the unemployed. Upwards of 2,00C1. were raised, by meal.% of which four or five hundred persons were relieved. They were obliged to resort to' the expedient of pawning their furniture. Since the month of June last. 1,96 0 hands had been discharged in that town, more than threeefifths of the number employed, and the other te 0- fifths would have been discharged ere this, but for the humanity of their masters. The memorial also statea that the people had been called upon for poor-retest although the distress was increasing. The document was signed by the Provost of the town, and several other Magistrates. He believed the distress extended to all the principal towns both in England and Scotlend. (The lion. Gentleman then read a list of towns in which deep suffering was stated to prevail.) He felt eel" suaded that it some remedy were not devised for the evil; the star of those kingdoms would set ere loll* Ile thought that the universal distress which prevailed might be summed up in a few words. Trade was de stroyed, taxation was a grievance, want of employmen t was also a grievance, and the danger was rapidly in creasing. He should be glad to hear if any of her Ma jesty's*Ministers were able to contradict the statements he had made. lie had endeavoured, in the shortest time the forms of the House allowed, to bring the subject be fore the House. He would not attempt to ascribe causes. neither would he venture to prescribe a remedy, as it Was not his province, nor did he possess the qualification• lie had made these statements, and he would be bound to prove them before a Committee, and he would prove that the distress existed to a much larger extent than he had ' stated. lie had no hesitation in saying that the country was in a most ruinous and depressed states The time was ceme when they must turn the scale, fot unless some measures, which had not yet been proem's' gated to the country, were brought before Parliament , ' the most disastrous results would follow. It was w ith this view that he would submit his resolutions to the House. lie hoped her Majesty's Government would give them their immediate attention, as he had stated . that the last resolution was the one upon which he most depended. The'resolutions were :—" 1. That the trades .and manufactures of this country are labouring under ;great embarrassment and difficulties. 2. That the indnss • triotie classes are also suffering many privations, and se' tier° distress. 3. That this state of things has bee" gradually advancing for several years, and is now 01 ' .' tending iii a most alarming degree: 4. That the alters` Lions made in the Corn-laws, and in the duties on imports and exports, coupled as these have been with an Income tax, to add nearly four millions of taxation to this already heavily burthened country, cannot be expected to a fford that relief which the continually declining state of trade, and the distressed condition of the people, so urgently require , 5. That the 'welfare of her Majesty's faithful people, 3114 the future peace and security of the country, imperatively demand that effectual measures shall immediately b 6 taken to rescue the working classes from the privations and offering they have so long borne, with a degree of patience and fortitude whith specially entitle them t° the affectionate sympathy of their Sovereign, and to the respect; commiseration, and assistance of this Hou se, 6. That therefore an nimble address be presented to her Majesty, praying that her Majesty will be graciously pleased to refuse her consent to the prorogation of Par" liament, until a diligent and searching inquiry shall be instituted into the catrees of the unprecedented distrese existing at present all over the kingdom ; and there" alter, until her Majesty and this House shall have bee o assured, by her Ministers, that effectual means are se,' cured to provide sustenance for the unemployed and their destitute families, until their sufferings shall b°, terminated by a demand for their industry and wages foe' their labour," He should not object to a resolution el a similar object, though the terms were somewhat dl ferent from his own ; but the principle must be the same` Mr. WALKER, who was totally inaudible at th e ' commencement of his speech, was understood to Wei:, plain of the dreadful distress of the cotton spinners '''' Lancashire, who were wandering about the country i° hundreds, in the most abject state of poverty, beins quite unable to obtain a day's employment. In his owe' immediate neighbourhood in Lancashire there was 4 large foundry which used to give employment to vs° hundred persons. That establishment was, within th e last two months, broken up, and all those persons wer c thrown out of employment. The House had now tek, r l up the subject, but he felt satisfied that they w oe ' never arrive at a proper remedy until they removed t l '` ) restrictions which fettered commerce. t The question having been put, Dr. BOWRING confessed that he felt oppressed wit h the burden of a heavy responsibility, because the distr ess of the district with which he was connected was eve" greater than that of other places ; and if he could dread : e that this House, representing, as it ought, the intell i ' gent", the benificence, and the sympathy of the countreSv ..., could separate without taking into consideration the state e•' of the suffering millions, then he should wholly participat e ; in that despair which was gradually taking possession o" suffering labourers and deserving multitudes. Thee never was a period in the history of the country requires ing more the attention of the Legislature than the prese sent. The Right Hon. Baronet admitted that there wer e 1,200,000 relying for support on the public, and coilw,e they view without alarm and anxiety one-tenth of th.u f ' population reduced to such a state ? An expense O f eight millions had been incurred in the prosecution 0, wars, which many Members of that House consid ere ' . to be wanton and unnecessary, and all those means hi which relief could be afforded to the people through t b ,,,, e removal of commercial restrictions were shut out. It ~ not only intolerable but perilous to allow the peopl e i t, remain in their present state—no person could an swer the consequences. There was a point beyond wh ic h human patience could not extend—beyond syb i ) patient endurance would be exhausted.—(Hear, hea th The Right Hon. Gentleman held the reins of power fr e l c greater force than any Minister whom they had seen Id many a year. He knew that any proposition of his wooLe be carried by the House. He had acknowledged t, amount of suffering in the country, and he (Dr. IP, t wii o ring) could not believe that they were to be dismissed r their homes with the tale that nothing could be done f 4 .. the people. A country like this really ought not to ( l e , spair. It had again and again been said, that the sP ', tudes of the country were greater than those of 91 %, other. The people were industrious and intelligloc Capital was so plentiful that means could not be found ' cd , its investment. They had the ocean at their cont r a and yet it was a fact, that the Government ruled O ' s , millions who were in the greatest distress, and cons l , quent despair. And yet these were the men to w i) ;: e i they owed their power ; those were the men who .I.of caused their reputation to be known in every nati°° er e the world ; those were the men, millions of whom ''',is• suffering, and no means were taken to relieve their dig' tress. The Poor-laws made most imperfect provision 'pe the sufferings of the people. If they were efficien t, ` ` would exist. In the district with which he' ces connected, they were wholly inefficient. You might re, from house to house, and find neither bed nor fure° tee and the population were sinking lower and lower ie os t scale of humanity. The present state of things was its perilous to the public peace. He had much ple asure seconding the proposal of his Hon. Friend. delA tfl Mr. AGLIOSBY was not willing that the ~,e tr e should close without some observations. If b e ,5 be asked what remedy he had to provide he s holie l eb obliged to confess that he saw no remedy whatever. opi was no party question ; and he could not think tbstooo, one would be so unjust as to say that the Right e rr Baronet and his colleagues were indifferent to tile sent state of distress. He regretted that the Golfer" the had not taken what he considered the best reroeet' t he Corn-laws, into better consideration. On this p0.i 1 :,, re' did differ with them. Could he see any legislatfft tee medy that could be applied he should be willing tb e re' House should extend its period of sitting in order te),,,,e1, vide it. The subject, was, however, surrounde d we e great difficulties. The distress which prevail e .oo s ' known to every one, and lie believed it would he ~,1 0 1,31°P sible to exaggerate its intensity. In the- town of Ll,! be tc e e, with which he 'was more intimately connected, the 1 ; 5. .. 1 9 Fl' oi ing classes were exposed to the severest privatl ° ,,, o te P i ; !:.,, was under these circumstances that he gave hi 6 ,1 10, thijele favour of the resolutions, for all parties agreed l ee d t11 a .P . ,, distress was general and overwhelming. Ile fee_'` e oe'..,l , there was not such a prospect of a good harvest 5.:011/1tri•i-,3 induce them to hope favourably of the state o f the ss ,t , - 110, it*. during the coming winter. that e t, en; Sir JAMES GRAHAM said he was glad . , ; „ s t S t i i had given way to the Hon. Gentleman who 1 131 :7' s see to, r1 down, for although he (Sir J. Graham) had 110 b it e rs ' v or complain of the language used. by Hon. 3 1 e °3 t est e s had taken their seats, yet he could not but ssl ir ,Ja o e , Hon. Gentleman had done that which he (Spiest)tee Graham) conceived was only justice to her 0 410 e a Ministers. In the first place he had d i rec tit be a c enl be that for the existing distress they were not !,°,„,i the' ba t • responsible, and in the next place he had stec er of del je believed that it was impossible that a n y Mere'. elieessir;)e House could more deeply feel for that distre,es , e be .. , ,,, , vs her Majesty's Government. In the first etwei o of t : bl ie J. Graham) would strongly deprec ate the usee ree te I? ta ele guage in that House which had a tende nc y t°,e i n ee l din eft despondency. of such l a H n gu e w a g e es `woulduit e satisfied b e to shakethat tpP....:e.sb Tri te e r e tes e t e 5 and by shaking public credit materially egg the intse ico e distress itself, and diminsh every respect fs'r I t; 1 05 1 , th e of this country, and shake its institutions. ~,,t o Due that in many parts there was great suffering,o; er , to , other hand there was great wealth and a i r d g re‘ ef ° -ty had displayed great public virtue ,_ .iro ter ~t e ts t P i b : n a e, which was consonanr with the ; v eiell:;,,e . l l l, ' le em -erned by are presentative system , r per 1 ,, e ,l i i , n e fs o rt p lit i )u - rt 7 i , os - en - n5 . t. „,; 1 7 stood forward as o ne e t . :t p " r " , ° , ss i o e f , r ; t.i ee ; would refer to one , _, rd , c ly ~noi " ,. appeared to him L:e have fa len inielse_ t s at . , p _ t who had . Ju' oree ent 1 ilia t f h b o gi se uv e r:i p d r e ess G io e n i s itle a m p .. p 7 u. but he to G en . . t . tore of a desponding chte - acte r, Hono urab le 11 r"' o red to him to r ,sto tle that woeld not he realised. l e h x ° rect ~, e n d fit . t s h e r i e , t man *tat..il that they might ' „ ht, t hat , vl estop ;eon , he (Sir James Graham) tin: ti e:e t ' ,eat tee Ve rao , bad harvests, It was to be anticipe;ember r i d e to_vo. was to be a geed one. The 1 . 19_ 21 ; in , forw: tl ' e j6 )3ee had produced documents, on u ,in_t,:i s ied L t i, ee e ee Lion, which had been studio}sl‘Y.ard the qi aisp . e se r its, Member who had brought f` , admitted, to the fullest . isted ; but he thought the duty if it did not, 'i t r that g res e t uld a' '' t ' 0 15 ext G en overiel e ' l e t the cow l le 1 1°- flour and charaet r of theni ',t' " ecrole ut rw t ' r d lij il3 ' o re the- cuues.ee that the Bri h ti a - d i es(” ~t concerned, impose NsVuheeini t t l;_ eat h: l : l °ll law r iti :al l e. (i 51:e_Ch.,Liirte., i,:ii::..11ec,c,9: areunlcoanoyleli;,a;:tit4eant.t,ohemy,sl.4ra. tiboruc'.°_gijo'fve°ould PP' AO At a b.., 41i u t , t 1 11 1 _