The Sun. — London, England, 1824-08-14 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS. ( From Ms Btoile, dated Aug. 12. ) rAlllt, Aug. 11.—At noon there wus a COOll - a MiniYtP.re, a which the King presided, 41 II :141 MIAs quarter before two. Yesterday, at St. Cloud, before mass, his E‘cellency the Prince of Csstelcicala, Ambassador from his Sicilian Ala presented to the King, in a private au 41ience, a letter from his Sovereign, to notify the Writ' of a Prince, son to his !loyal Highness the 1)410 . of 'Calabria. We hoar that his !Loyal ll 'gimes,. the Prince of Matte (4)burg arrived at CMlllid on the Bth, alipre tts"sea• received by the Mayor and Adiju►ncts. and Ail averting he arrived at Paris. Ilk Royal .1 1 11shoess travels under the name of Coent lien. sebarg. The seizure of a number of the Courier Pronfais on 4 having Meru notified within the 11)ree days, according to the terms of the law, the Taditor has debited the benefit of the omission. .Tbe number seised has beets restored to itim. Thus the proceedings commenced against him are &untitled by the effect of the law. PREI/Cll PAWS, Ave. 11.—Five per Cents. opened at 101 f. 26 e. ; Is'sr,beet, 101 f. 46 c. ; closed at 101 f. 10 c.—Neapolttan Five per Canis. in ducats, 87f f. ; in francs, 91 f. c.--SpaniAt •PO east. ; Royal Loan of Span, Is6.—Exchango on Itesadon, one marl), 26 f. 10c. ; three ttiotrths, 241.06 c.—(etiors 431"ertique, Aug. 11.) i° - I'Vlt E OF IPSAItA. From Olt Journal dci pdbats of FVednesday.) X ASTI, I.lr ' itl!-;-trrivoic letter.) --4 inforMed you, yin one of tuy roma lett. ' 44setbat large sums of money had been seat ham Leghorn to "the Captain Niche I mentioned the huurate ; which "tied made the payments, the vessels and Captains . employed 4.11 transporting it, the pleasure anticipated by the enemies of the Greeks who depended upon treason. I point. ed out to you the person who was directing all the int , figure ; a part of these manoeuvres have succeeded. the standard of the Cross is again bathed with the Wood of . elartyrs. The Captain Pitch, Khoreb, who had been lying at anchor at Alitylene for two months, provided with money, anti convinced that he had no chance of success from force, resolved . to employ corruption. Being informed that the gArriaon of the fort of Incite consisted of WO Sell) , peters, mercenaries and infamous like all those who sell their blood for money, he addressed himself to them, and gave them earnest of a greater reward, promising each one MO piastersif they would surrender the batteries they were appointed to de fend. The thing was kept secret, and the Ipserlote, informed that the attack wns to be directed ageing their island, thought themselves in a condition to repulse the barbarians, when the Turkish squadron Appeared °lithe island on July 4th. A part of the Ipsariots kept in the offing to fall on the enemy At the moment when the action should begin. The Turks were to be attacked by fireethips, while the batteries on shore were firing at the ships. The people were animated with an excellent spirit.; nets, women, old end young, received the sacrament, and pre pant to die fighting. The /aborirm was hoisted at the tele. graphs, and all the people, with the sign of the cross en -their fereheade, implores' of heaven .to grant them victory, or 41tki palm of ineetyrilowe On the 4th, at tire o'eloek in the morning, the Turkish ad. vowed squadron doubled the Cape, and appteacheti the bar. boo; the batteries were silent; the forts garrisoned by the tieltypetars heisted Turkish colours. The Christians harried eagerly to the spot, and found the guns had been spiked daring the night by the traitors, who immediately began ti parr , ou their fellow Christians. " Every thing is loet-- leave yourselves." At this unfortunate signal, the seamen of Peter* began to fire at the Turks, whose large ships could test wale near the shore. All the Christians who were at hand embarked on the vessels, and some of them escaped. At eight o'clock the Ostrianlis landed ; and the richypetare, to witese treason they ware indebted for success, were their first v.iefirrts. The Greek., who could not get on board oldie took reeege in the mountains, sod the town was set On fire. The efleele of the 4th wad passed in fighting and in murdering. Oct . the nth the Captain Padre caused it to be published, that he wet.eiti giro WO piastres to whoever should bring in a prisoner mtge. TIM, was an useless promise. Thu tygers were at liberty, Eel all the tics and 7th of July the work of massacre was going an. On the tads lihoreb blew up the farts; 7,3110 heads of wo. 'owe, old men, and children were hung to the shrouds tied to tee yards of his ships. The Ambassadors of the Christian - Powers will soots see these glorious trophies of berberism arrive et Cometantinople. About two thousand sailor*, thirty of their best ships. and th • Priniatet suceeeded In reaching Samos. On the I 3iii, the iliqoain•Psielia returned to Alitylene, with ten old veesels which elee had raptured. Trentrea only could have given Lim SUCCC43, but this sucrose will inspire the Greek* with fresh energy, and , it war he dreaded that the lives of the eighteen thousand Alus. swollen who ore in their hands will Ist sectitieeti, to expiate the eternise of their Asiatic brethren. Au I ere about to close this letter, I have learnt the arrival or tire Archbishop Germanos, 6 at Calamata. Ile went, us Jou kouw, to Ancona. to Implore the pity of the Christian hove :Aloe in favour of the Greeks. lie ens sent away from the Gongrevs of' Verona, and he has now returned with sixty thou send feldarie, arising from the side of some precious objects "whidi had been et:Oldie! to him. Ili has hastened to return, ie. nay danger* threatened his country, and his presence will, uudoulttedly, infiente the mind* of his countrymen. During les reeldeace in 'fatly elie him learnt whence those blows pro ceed which have been directed Aeolian Greece, and he will be able to expose all the plata Litters Own ',do confirm the news of an insurrection in Aa Acedoeia, see far Si 1.1401111. While there is a Greek alive, teere will henceforth toe neither peace nor truce between the esteee and the keetilegioue erteicent. f • Fur an riesestint rd Gerruanos and !Nara, see l'ouqueville's .I,'lJistairs lo litgeneratiem de la rere. .t The greeteett conetern thin reigns at ConstAntinople among Obrietiens of All denominations. The Consul lilincraki, who Peritonea +mode to be protected by the Russian flag to tram - pert titeVorke N Ipearre where they have shed so much Citric. Si " 41 0 ,1 4.. oat severely reproached even by the Franks. (From do Custaiktionroft flrist&Tawtoircerce, J r.sr 'in. —According to news brOught .by vewoilsfruw ilia Archipelago, tho capture of Ipsara is &s -, ' 2111°4 lA ' I ke tftattlityi Of tits Albanians, to whom, cure the poets wow antsostail• Ttte night before this attack they are said to have sp ik e d tha guas, and afterwards (bey joined the Turks. The ()reeks ace‘se the Prorate with having betto the 11r4 cause 01 .this tp:tioa, but Se hve, for the tumour of humanity, that this 34 no , tw . Nut wttionsading this unexpected blow, the ()reeks iletanded thetnotivio vigorously like men pushed to despair. Il i a Turks are *aid to have lost 1,60 men, and they do justice to-dris intropldity trf dab uPPonesni• ?ha Ipss,riats are no liinger.spolcen of', tiay no longer exist ; the whole p?Pul a tl on Amu, beau asseaserat. It is imps/141r to form en Idea or ths *Trot tb's resat hag excited among the Orests, particularly ea a portion of their tieet has been annihilated. Jul.'s. I I.—lpsara, after an obstinate defence, has been cap- tured by the Captain Pacha, who suffered u ray great loss.— The !interim descended to their tombs in a manner worthy of their ancestors. Their women and childieu are curried off fur Asia, and Christians no longer exist in the island. The misc. Tunee of this conquest will perhaps be of much more import. an than is expected. The °reeks arc plunged In the most profound affliction. It is reported that Athens is captured, but this is not credited. The Dutch Journals have brought the following additiobal particulars of the uuack upon the Island of limit's:— " A liSTElttLibt, Auu. 9.—We have received from a re spectable quarter the following extract of a letter relative to the fate of Ipsara, dated from Smyrna, a day later than the article from Frankfort given above.--(This is the same as in Tux Bux of yesterday. Extract of a Letter from Smyrna, dated July :—" We have a most afflicting piece of news to communicate to you : On Friday-, the 2d inst. the fleet of the Captain Paella appear ed before Ipsara, and effected a landing almost without opposi tion. A dreadful massacre must have taken place among the inhabitants. This is all we have learnt to-day. This mo ment Captain Cassovech has arrived, and he relates, that on the following day, towards the evening, sailing very close to the Island, he observed that there was still lighting, and saw the flag of independence still flying on the little Fort of St. at a litter hour, being distant from the Island five leagues, he saw a thick smoke rise from the little fort, which was followed by a violent shock, which caused such a motion in the sea, that his vessel seemed to be lifted up by it. Thus it seems that the Greeks, finding them selves conquered, resolved t sell their lives dear, sad to involve their barbarous oppressors in their destruction. To effect this they doubtless set fire to a mine, which has probably de. etroyed every thing in the Island. We look with impatience for the further particulars. Some persons say that the reason the Ipsariots made at first so little resistance was that where the attack was made they found their guns spiked by the treachery of the Alltatians in their pay.. All this must be cleared up at a future time ; meanwhile the Island and its population are annihilated. What feeling heart will not bleed at this idea " At this moment it is reported that 15,000 Turks were de stroyed by the explosion at Imam, and that a considerable number of Ipsariots escaped on board . 14 or 1 .20 vessels. We must wait a few days for certain information." JAMAICA PAPERS. Etworrox, Juxic 23.:—.00 Saturday night, the 13th, two trash-houses were set on fire on die Alexandria estate by the rebels, and entirely consumed. This was to have been the signal fur the other estetes to follow the example ; but the ap. pearnnce uf the military kept them in awe. The next day, dur ing the abseence of the white people, who were on duty at Argyle, live of the principal negroes on Golden-grove estate broke into the Overseer's house and carried away a fowling piece and pistols; they also plundered the estate stores. About thirty men and four women then absconded fru►n the estate, and joined the Argyle negroes in the woods. The seine night son►c negroes returned to Argyle-pen, arid killed five bursts antl•thr..e mules belonging to Mr, Malcolm. Jur+ v. hive just received information of flys of the Argyle tiegtoes hiving been taken up by the regulars and a company Western interiel fteglinent, arid also that four I:olden-grove people had returned home. Juvic. 19.-1 have been stationed at Argyle-pen with Capt. Gregson't Company since Tuesday last, and have been two days in the woods. Yesterday we secured two Argyle negroes. A company of the 311 Regiment likewise entered the woods, and y•wertlity secured three negroes, and three this morning. Cupi. Cad's company secured one or two yesterthiy. A company of the Hanover Militia secured three yesterday afternoon, one of them stipposett to be a second ringleader. lie ripped up his belly with a knife, but it was immediately 41: w .31 up. It is supposed he may live a few days. You have heard of the negrocs killing eight or ten valuable horso and mules belonging to Mr. Aleleolni. I ant glad to learn that the.greater part of the Golden.grove negroes have returned to the estate. We regret to state, that the intelligenc e we rece i ve d yes . tertlay evening from the interior of Ilitnover is not of 'twit a satisfactory nature as front the foregoing we may have induced our readers to expect. 'Fen negroes who had been taken up in the woods were commitual to Montego Ilay gaol on Mon. day. lletwtalt 60 and 60 of the limit desperate still re. 11111111 ou t. o:vrititeT or A LETT nit.) " MosTEOO Ilse , Jurr 22,—Ten of the Argyle anti Oolden.grove negroes were brought into this town and coin. mined. There are Still 50 more in the woods, very det.perate character*. iron) the information received, the ringleaders are determined to destroy themselves. One of the ringleaders, w h o h a d ripped up his belly, died on Saturday. lie confessed that Mr. Malcolm and Mr. Campbell were the lint to have been murdered, not for any fault 041 had to rind, Itir they al war treated them well ; but because they were certain that the fling and Wilberforce and his party had tnatle them free, and which, from their great influence In the parish, they with. held from them." 'I'111: A ItNI Y. THE CT' uAnns.----A bout five o'clock yesterday morning the lit battalion of the Coldstream Guards (liven). barked from the boats at Paddington, to which place they 1)2(1 come by the canal from Liverpool, after having done duty the l a st twelve months at Dublin. Y es t er d a y m or nin g th e 24 battalion o f the 11 Regiment of Guards arrived at the Tower,' front Windsor, to relieve the 2(1 battalion of the Coldstream, who marched into the King's Mew. Barracks, to relieve the 11 battalion of the Grenadier Guard*, aho marched to Windsor. ( .. )t) Thursday the 2d b atta li on o f t h e G rena di ers marc h e d f rom Knightsbridge Barracks to relieve the Ist battalion of Grena dier'', whit are gone into 'Westminster quarters. The let bat talion of 11 Guards are now doing duty is Dublin. Pat sLEY RI rt. E CO II PC—We understand that the Paisley Rifle Corps, commanded by Captain APAlpine, had lately a contest for a medal to the beat marksman. The scene was at Glenerbuck. In Dumbartonehire, which commands a delightful and extensive view of the river and frith of Clyde and adjoin ieg country, that excellent situation having been offered, In a very handsome manner, by Dr. Robertson, the proprietor. The ability displayed rendered it extremely difficult to point out the victor ; but at last, with general approbation, Mr. John Adam, jun., was announced as such, and the prize was ac cordingly assigned hint. This corps is composed of young Gentlemen who provide their own clothing and accoutre ments, and serve without pay. They enrolled themselves during the disturbances in the West, for the protection of the loyal, peaceable, and industrious citizens; and com manded by Olken of ;heir own selection, of tried military skill and valour in their country's battles abroad, and in whom they confided as undaunted leaders when called on to act; they have attained a thorough knowledge of military rnanouvres and discipline. The tier was fine and the oc casion W A X agreeable. The Corps embarked et the Snedilon, in barite prepared for them, with flags at their tome. The Band of the Corps played a number of their favourite airs during the voltage down the Cart and across the After the contest the corps dined in cantp at Bowling, where an excellent thinner was served up by Mr. Bell, of the Bowling I Inn. After dinner several public and appropriate toast* were given, which were followed by suitable tunes from the Band. The novelty of the eocampment on the hanks of the Clyde, and th e a ppearance of the marquees and colours of the corps waving on their topsointi the sausula Of therousienn the water,werehighly attructive to the passengers of the stemn-boats going up and down the river at the time. The corps returned to Paisley ley Itenfrew, where happening to meet Ilaillie Illatliew Boyd of Paisley, (a Magistrate who had taken a very partieulir interest in the corps) they drank his health with three times' three(' a compliment he acknowledged in a neat aptiech...4(ikagew Courier, me. 10.) FREE PREgg-INDIA. The SPEECH of Sir JOHN MALCOLM, O.C.R. &c. &s. at u GENERAL COURT of PROPRIETORS cif EAST INDIA STOCK, on Friday, July 9th, 1814. , Sir MALCOLM rose and said, " It certainly was not my intention to have spoken unless personally alluded to in the course of the debate. What the lion. Proprietor (Mr. Kinnaird) has said regarding my senti ments on publications in England, would not have made me depart frosts the resolution I had taken ; but I cannot sit pa tieotly and hear the abuse (I must call it so) that has been lavished upon Mr. Adam. The Hon. Proprietor has given high eulogiums to Mr. Buckingliem, and he has closed them with a profession, that all he thought of that Gentlentun's cha racter from his writings awd actions, had been confirmed by his personal acquanimillice since his arrival in England. I can speak of Mr. Adam on an intimate knowledge of thirty years : he is as remarkable for mildness and humanity as for hotness and judgment ; he is front birth 4111(1 education a lover of the free Constitution of his country, anti all he has done in the case now before us has. I sin asmured, proceeded solely from an im perious mote of public duty. It is, however, trifling with the great subject before us, to waste our time in discussing the re spective merits of Mr. Adent and Mr. Buckingham; but even to understand this small part of the question, we must first consider the scene in which they acted. bet us commence by limking at the character of our Indian Government, and then determine.how far such it free press, as that which is the boast of England, can be transplanted to that distant possession.— This is the real question, anti it should be met openly and de. cidedly. • The facts appear to me only to require to be fairly and boldly brought forward, to convince every reasonable man of the nature of the measure proposed. To enable us to judge of the probable operation of this meatture,we must take a near view of the component parts of that body called the Public, in Eng land, whose eintracter makes the good outweigh the evil of a free press. NVill•the lion. Proprietor (Mr. Kinnuird) who hits made the minion, or hint by whom it was seconded (,tr. II llillt), admit that officele of his .Majesty's army and navy, that Secre taries, Under Seceittaries e , and Clerks in public offices, or men immediately dependent on ate favour of Government, or upon that of the paid servants of the State, are essential parts of that body ? Certainly not: but I will go further; I assert that those Noblemen who form the House of Peers, nod the gentry of England who sit In the house of Commons, though they are a part are not the most essential one, of the public of whom I !peak. They mum, in some degree, be swayed by their con. nexiont, their interests, and their political parties. Far less can we number, as men who ought to have superior weight in this hotly, the lowest orders of this comntunity, who are too uninstructed, to judge political questions, or the demagogues who lead them, or those daily periodical writers who gain popu. lathy anti profit by flattering the self-love anti the passions of the lower orders,a* well as that of the party feelings and pride of the higher. 11l these mix with, anti are parts of, what I understand by a British public : but the essential component part of that body, that which gives gravity and steadiness to the whole, lies, as the ballast 05 the vessel ought, in the centre : It is t hat numerous class who occupy the middle ranks of life, whose education and knowledge places them above being mis led like the lower order, and who are, from their occupation, free from many of those motiees which influence the servants of the state, and all who can be benefited by its favour, or injured by its displeasure; and who arc also in a great degree removed from the passion's and feelings which gives so strong a bias to the lowest and highest orders of society. It is the minds, and the character of this middle class, which give them that decidil weight they have in a British public. Though less forviai4 and much less heard titan the other classes, they govern them : it is their moderation anti . good sense combined on combined with their habits of thinking and of forming a judgment, all points connected with the constitution ant i the prosperity of their country, that enables it to have a press free in a degree unknown to other nations Without this class, it would be a curse instead of a blessing. Now, I will ask, have we one of the class I have described in India ? (I speak now of the Eng. huh in that country): there is not an individual. The English c r o r n n t :t t has b y e , e n ' I the c ( i i r t z i pi t o h y e o s t etr lo e ve th ri a l. t t ment, and the few that are not, are persons who reside there for a period by license, under the covenants and legal restric tionsttwsieltll ), " a t re ca a l l i n t i l oTt n al n l p u t : was well explained by an able Proprietor (Mr. Impey.) If it which we have just heard read, and the value of whicts is wrong, from considerations of State policy, to deprive these persons of any of the privileges which they would have enjoyed had they remained in their native land, why, it is assuredly the law'that is wrong, not those who act under its authority. Let, therefore,• this subject be taken up on its true grounds; let an efibrt be made to alter the law ; but this is not the place. There are present those who ti tt y.t the power to bring it before the Pare liament of the ,eoMaiy i where it will be fully discussed ; and, in my opiniorl, the mote dinettimion it receives the better. The good sense of the people of Bold: old will not be slow to decide, whether a tree pre ss , suc h as t h ey en j oy , can h e esta bli s h e d and exist in a country governed, us British India, by absolute power. But there arc parts of this subject on which I must Hot be mistaken; I have stated that the English community in India neither are our ever can be a body resembling the public in England but it is a happy effect of our constitution, that it portion of that spi r it of lib ert y an d i n d e p en d ence , which gives life and vigour to the mother country, is spread to her most distant Colonies; and all, even to her armies, partake so much of the blessing as is consistent with their condition and with the safety of the State. T hough much communitie s may be so situ. :tied as to render a free press dangerous both to themselves and Government, they have a right to expect from the latter, as much of information and of free communication as is consistent with the public safety ; the tone And temper of an English society can he preserved in :mother mode. I am, end ever have been, theadvocate of publicity in all snits of Government ; I hate concealistent and mystification : good and wise measures will ever gain strength from daylight: For such resotons ' though a d e cid e d opponent to a ftee press in India, by which I mean one, that, being re. strained only by the laws inmate for the press in England, could publish a series of such articles us we have heard read from the Calcutta Journal; which, though not punishable by law, must, if permitted, prove deeply injurious to the reputation and strength of the local government. Though I am 1 say, an enemy to such a p ress , I am f r i en dly to an y publication that refrains from those subject!, that have been properly prohibited. We have had these prohibition* retail, and tite Hon. Mover of the question has depicted them as calculated to degrade all to whom they apply ; hut this is not their operation. There have been no complaints but those found in the pages of Mr. Buck. inghant's paper, which it has suited the case of the lion. Pro. prtetor to represent as the exclusive organ of the public. This gentleman, from the moment he landed in India, became, ac cording to hint, the solitary upholder of English liberty In that enslaved country, and this arduous task he is represented to have undertaken and performed from the most pure and disin. terested motives I He Mond the office of censor removed, and the restrictions which were imposed when it was done away he considered as waste paper. 'These restrictions, however, which were orders of Government, were, in my mind, more severe on the press than time censorship. ftleridely prefer the latter; for where it is established, its responsibtlity rests where it ought, with tho se who have the actual power to restrain anti to punish; while. in the other case, it Is left to those who may have less knowledge and discretion, and who are more likely, through indiscretion, inadvertence, or from motives of feeling or of in terest, to offend against the Government. There is something, no doubt, odious in the name of censor; but it signifies not, if it is necessary; and if the law authorises such a check upon publication, it cannot, for the good of all parties, be too openly and too decidedly exercised. As for myself, I have, from all the knowledge I have of the scene and of the society, no fear of any harsh or unwise exertion of this power : but to be satin fied that we are safe upon this and all other matters affecting the rights and privileges of our countrymen abroad, let us paw to look at the actual condition of those tyrants and despots (as they have been termed) under whoa authority they live. The Go. vernor-General of India, and Governors of the different settle. went*, are either nobl emen or gent l e men sent front England, or persons who have raised themselves by their services in India, and the latter fill all the high offices under Government. The race of Nabobs, who are said to have once existed (I never knew any of them) are extinct. Those who fill the highest slum.' tions in India are seldom, if ever, elevated to any forgetfulness of their character as English Gentlemen. They proceed to the execution of their important duties as wan gn Into this coon try to those of an office; their minds are neither corrupted by intrigues, nor disturbed by dreams of irrational ambition. They enjoy, it is true, great, and in some case*, es I have said, ab. solute power; the situation of the country they govern requires it, and the law of England sanctions it; but there never were men who exercised power under such checks. Leaving out of the question that natural desire to stand well with the commu. nity of their countrymen over whom they are temporarily placed, and not adverting to their views of returning its early as they can to their native land, and of enjoying that fair es teem and consideration in England to which any cruel or un necessary exercise of arbitrary powers would be Emil; leaving, I say, these motives (powerful as they must be in the breast of every Englishman) out of the queetion, let us examine what are the other checks under which they exercise power : first, them measure* in detail are submitted to the Court of Directors; weal! know the compoeition of the Court; assuredly it is nut pro bable it will support despotic acts ; but suppose it WAS to do so, its proceedings, whenever culled for,muat be laid before the Court of Proprietors, anti, judging from the two last meetings of that body, those who exercise power in India must expect rough handling in it. Their next ordeal is the Board of Controul, which, though as soc i a t e d w i t h th e Co ur t o f Di rectors i n the administration of our eastern empire, is, by one of those happy aneinalics which characterise every part of our constitution, composed of poisons whose situetions and views must leave titers to judge gneditions ten very dtterant grounds hom the Ili-' rectors; but their confirmation, even, of the measures adopted by the Indian Governments is not final ; the vigilance of Per 'lament, the unbending severity of the law (should they have offended against its letter), and the freedom of the English Press, all heng over them, and form a combination of check that could exist in no other country. I do not enumerate these checks to complain of them; on the contrary, I recognize their utility, even when carried to an extreme; they may pain, and sometimes inflict temporary injury on an individual, but their tendency is to benefit the public. Power is always intoxi cating, and, though I wi ll not allow that those who exercise it in India are like Sultans of the East, who require the flappers (which an Hon. Proprietor mentioned) to remind them they are men, I will readily admit, that the oftener they are reminded they are Englishmen the better. But while I admit this, it is with a fell conviction, that if those Ap pointed to your Governments abroad should ever permit these checks to have an undue influence on the performance of their public duties, if they act under dread of responsibility, or seek popularity, your danger from their measures will be greater than any that could result even front tyranny : the latter can be checked and punished, hut that weakness which, in consi dering its own safety or gratification. forgets the interests of the state, evades all remedy, and the mischievous effect is produced before the cause can be removed. It is useful, nay, moat es sential, that the checks I have noticed should remain in full vigour ; but they must dwell in Eogland—they cannot be co existent with absolute power in Intim. We have heard much of the press in that country being first restricted by Lord Wellesley establishing the office of censor. To understand whether this is the fact or not, it is only necessary to take a short retrospect of the history of its newspapers. 'There have been known. in India little more than half a century. About forty-five years ago, when his Majesty's Courts of Law had an extended jurisdiction in Bengal ( which it was soon found indis pensable to limit) some of the Judges came In violent collision with the local government, and the free press (as it is termed), which in such a society is exactly suited to create and support such divisions of authority, became very licentious. A paper edited by a Mr. Hickey was put down, as that of Mr. Buck ingham has now been ; and Its editor, like him, declined to go to law. Many years afterward», when Secretary to the Marquess Wellesley, it became my duty to peruse and abstract a petition from this individual, who represented himself as a martyr in the cause of liberty, and he complained, as Mr. Buckingham has done, of Englishmen being ruined by oppres sion and tyranny. Amongst others he charged with having denied him justice, was that wise, moderate, and great man, the late Lord Cornwallis. • 1 applied to the Noble Marques. for redress,' said Mr. Hickey, in his petition, ' but he only ad vised me, if 1 thought myself aggrieved, to go to law. The Noble 3larquess,' he added, ' might, in his condescension, have as well advised me to fight one of the Company's ele phants, as to go to law with their Government.' Phe fact pro. bably was, in that case, as in the present: Mr. Hickey pub lished what compelled the Local Government to suppress his paper, and as he could prove no malice or illegal exercise of authority, he could obtain no redress at law. After this period .I never heard of there existing any thing like a free press. Ar. tides were occasionally published, more I imagine through in. advertence than design, which called for censure on the pub. Halters ; and it was un imprudence or inadvertence of this cha racter which led to Lord Welleeley's orders, that the proofs of the newspapers should he submitted to the Secretary of G overn . merit. But though opinions might differ, as to whether that was the best mode of attaining the deeired end or not, it is only of very late years that it lists been supposed a free press could exist, to any gond or useful purpose, in the Europeon comm. nit) , of India. I do not say, that, so far as that society alone is concerned, its existence would immediately entienger the safety of our empire. I am satisfied it would excite dissensions, chi flab insubordination, and weaken authority, and produce evils a hundred times greater than any good it could effect. But its effects on the European part of the community is a very small part of this question. Amongst that increasing part of the po pulation called half-caste, the sons of European fathers and native mothers, it would do infinite harm. 'l'his class must be viewed and treated as an infant society, and all the hopes we entertain of their advancement, through the adoption of' gradual measures for their instruction, will be disappointed, if we adopt the free press as the means of effecting that object. I have for many years given all the considerationl could to the unfavour. able and depreesed condition of this class. I entertain opinions (which this is not the moment to state), regarding the policy of their introduction to particular branches of the services, but I entertain no doubt as to that of every effort being made for their improvement, or every avenue that can be opened being opened, for the encouragement of that industry and talent which many anythe regard friends have ito. of them possess in a very eminent degree. There are men i n s u e t ! t amon gst cha nt of rite! those whom i l n this u dreta share as for Colonel Skinner, who has so long commanded a large body of native horse, with honour to himself' and advantage to (In. yernment. But with every desire to see this part of the popu lation encouraged and advanced, I deem it essential for their good that their progress should be gradual, in order that they may he fitted for the place they are destined to occupy in our empire in the east. Much has been of late done for them, and particularly by those regulations 'which entitle them to pos sess land in every part of our territories. There are many of this class, however, who are prone to impatience and discontent at their condition ; and these, who naturally seek to make coneerte to their opinion, will be found amongst the loudest of the advocates for a Free Press. But both these classes of the European inhabitants of India sink into comparative insignificance, when we contemplate the effect of such a press upon a native population of eighty millions, to whoni the blessings or the evil* that it may carry in Its train are to be imparted. Passing over the impossibility of web- Lilting, or at least maintaining, for a short period, a press really free, in an empire governed by foreigners who have con. quered, and who have not nor cannot, from the difference of language, habits, and religion, amalgamate with the nativ es . Let us examine the character and condition of the latter, that we may discoverwhat would be the effect of the boon it is pro posed to grant them. They are divided into two great classes, alabornedatim and Ilindoos ; the higher ranks of the former, who possessed almost all India before our rule was introduced, are naturally discontented with our power. They bear, how. ever, a small proportion to the Hindoos, whose condition and character it is of more consequence to examine. Front the moat remote period till the present day, we find the history of this unchanged people the same; and there is one striking feature in it—all the religious and civil classes are educated, anti as prompt and skilful in intrigue as they are in business. From their intellectual superiority they have ever influenced anti di rected the more numerous, ignorant, and superstitious classes of their countryniett. These instructed classes (particularly front such its pr e o a g u re se s: the Brahmin s ), w h o h ave already lost consideration, we a l t h, hostile will still more feeling degrade tow a rds them r i t f s i:e a y n i t t i n t t t e i t is , and power, by th e i n t ro d uct i on o f our power, fear, anti justly, thatis not likely to decrease from the necessity they are under of concealing it. They will seize every opportunity of injuring our power, and many must be afforded them. They are to my knowledge, adepts in spreading discontent, anti exciting sedition and rebellion. They know well how to awaken the fears, to alarm the superstition, or to rouse the pride of those they address. My attention has been, during the last twenty five years, particularly directed to this dangerous species of' se cret war against our authority, which is always carrying on by numerous, though unseen bands. The spirit is kept up by letters, by exaggerated reports, and by pretended prophe. cues. When the time appears favourable, from the occurrence of misfortune to Our arms, from rebellion In our provinces, or fruits mutiny in our troops, circular letters and proclama tions are dispersed over the country, with a celerity that is incredible. Such documents are read with avt. dity. The contents are in most cases the same. The Eng lish are depicted as usurpers of low caste, and as tyrants who have sought India with no view but that of degrading the inhabitant'', and of robbing them of their wealth, while they seek to subvert their usages and their religion. The native soldiery are always appealed to, and the advice to them is in all instanc e s I have met with the same : • Your European ty. rants are few in number, murder them ! The efforts mad by the part of th e I n di an population I have mentioned , e and their success in keeping up • • • a spirit w itch places us always in danger, arc facts that will not be denied by any man acquaint ed with the subject. Now I will ask, if we can rationally in dulge a hope, that A dislike and hostility to our rule would not be cherished and inflatned by men, whose consideration, wealth, and power, must he ruined by our success ? Is it likely to abate? and Write, is it politic ' is it wise, to put su c h means es a free press ( s uch as h as b een described) into their hands? It could only be used towards one object, that of our destruction ; but that, when effected, would be but a prelude to a greater evil—the destruction of themselves. Every fair hope that can be formed of rendering this vast population worthy of the blest ings that may be gradually imparted, would perish, and they would be replunged into a worse state of anarchy than that from which we have relieved them. That this will be the re sult, if we give them, in their present stage of society, the bane_ fill present that Ilse been proposed, I conscientiously believe. But it is here necessary to ask, for what are we to increase such hazards, both to the European and native community oe India? The object, we are told, is to promote knowledge._ Do we mistrust our Local Government.' ? do we mistrust those under whose orders they act, and those by , whom th e y are con . troulled, that we are to take from their hands the accomplish. merit of that great object, that we should place it in the }kande of Whore of papers and, of periodical publications ? Are we to confide almost exclusively to the latter, and to their ateany. mous correspondents, the retnrm of abuses and the improvement of our eastern subjects ? The eloquence of the lion. Mover Ilse been powerfully exerted to make us do so. The general tendency of his arguments has gone to **prase a belief, that demo wino are taunted for nab& dodo In India, and who haveie peraddcd, to the early instruction they received, hug and ive provtd service, are not the fitest instraments for this great sad good purpose . To bring their knowledge and local experience 3 level with the comparative ignorance of others, who hate not the same savant:ova, the make-weight of prejudice has been thrown into the scale, and they have been represented. se having forgotten all the lessons of their youth, and hafnag become dead to the feelings of British liberty, in order to fare itish arguments to prove their incompetence to the higher sts tinnM of Government. This is a convenient doctrine ; it exalts ignorance to a par with knowledge: it testa been urged, in the present instance, to suit the case. That high and respectable body of men, the Civil Servants of India (with whom, 1 apt proud to say, the principal duties of my life have asitocsated. me), have been held light and depreciated, that a most dis tinguished member of their service might be proved unfit for the station of Governor-General. The prejudices Mr. Adam had imbibed by his long residence in India, were alluded to us the cause of his maltreatment of 3lr. Buckingham. Bet what conies next? Lord Amherst, a Nobleman who 1 1 1 84 ; mitted to he as amiable as he is sensible and just, anti who acknowledge to be deeply imbued with the feelings and sinus menus of an Engliehnutn, hardly arrives in India before be finds himself compelled to adopt the same principle .putt which his predecessor had acted, and to send to England hst. A rnott, who had succeeded Mr. Buckingham as Editor of the Calcutta Journal. Fur this act of authority, Lon! Amherst we are told, worse than a tyrant ; he has allowed himself fe, become the tool of tyrants, who have taken the advantage to his want of experience. What does all this mean' one*. vernor..oenerai is declared unfitted tOr his office hetet/of hr has local knowledge, and the other because he wants it. / 4 appears to me, that it is the abstract name of. Governor-y. II P ral, or rather the person who exercises, to the beat of his et* usent and conscience, an absolute power which the law Me vested in him, that is the object of the attack which Wit bs,r heard this day. If so, let the system be arraigned, not 1 ' 54 7" : dividllals. I have *hewn the checks under which they $ S their probable motives and their means of knowledge there ere not, we are told, to be relied upon, to prevent av or to promote good purposes. No ; for such we Mutt 100 to nsen like Mr. Buckingham. They are, on their first tol . of the soil of India, to start, as if by inspiration,. into .'- tue and knowledge, which is to controul, to reform, end.: improve the society, white and black, of India 1 -,Let 'm e w& quire the means of the individual who has been brough t 7 .. „ ward as an example of what has and may be done by onF: characters. %Viten be came first to India and published theme apectus of his Travels in Palestine, and at the same tiros WO . , meneed a newspaper on an improved plan to any then efoaliff 1 deemed him, as many others did, a man of e nterprise oil talent ; but in a very short period several paragraphs 'prior, in his paper, which satisfied me of the course he meant 60 . Pr. sue, and I early gave an opinion on the probable tersrib‘n of his career, which has been verified by the result. 1 w*"' not go into the detail of the offences he committed, hie oft logic', and his promises of amendment ; nor shell I 1 0:7 into the exact character of that offence which compenou Adam to withdraw his licence. It was the agreg , " offencee, and the principle upon which he continued to ac t that caused the severe but necessary measure of whlob complains. lye knew Mr. Adam's sentiments, ho knew li t ; resolution, but instead of benefiting by such knowledge avoid that ruin in which we are told he is involved, be f l .. severed in the same bold and contumacious course he hStn, long followed. He chose, no doubt, for the first If stretuoli with the new tiovernor-General, a popular soFr" He judged that Mr. Mans, though pledged to arrest bit ever no the first departure from the restrictions, would b5l tate before he acted, in a case where he was or mlg thought to be pereonelly interested; hut he showed little dCii" cernment In his appreciation of the character with whoti ) had to deal, or be would have known that uo perrionel s „t n : sideration would induce hilts to evade a public duty. 01 ," Adam, vested with the highest authority its India, wa s (floor by the course of conduct, to appear in contest with Mr. ROL' ingham, the self-created champion of British liberty, ab" ° , not only the English commenity, but the natives, were krok"', on at this trial u. strength. Was the issue of such a coolT to be left doubtful tOr a moment? It has often been 1 !"n and it has been repeated to-day, that your empire in Indio k r one of opinion. It is so, but it is not an opinion of your Min but of your power. The inhabitants of India see that I : int'' by law and regulations, and the spectacle increases their cor fidence ; but show them the person who exercises an authot.t t i they deans supreme braved anti defeated by dines under how' and the impression which creates the charm will be bra s ! This, at least, is my view of the subject; I am, howell" I confeee, rendered thuid by experience. It has made lr iq humble, and I look with awe anti trembling at question which the defenders of a free press in India treat as nttl s bugbears, calculated to alarm none but the weak and use Orr pi' diced. The Hon. Mover of the resolution now before Vow' has asked, if the press is restricted in the manner it is ate' sent, how we are to obtain information of the merits and 6110 0 ; ter of our servants. I had before thought th a t m i g h t b e fasi .. .'" ou the records of the Governments ; in the opinion of Oil" under whom officers acted ; but these are, it would eeernelw perfect sources, as are all papers of documents published Pod° the restrictions now placed upon the Indian press. It is frt a the pages of the Calcutta Journal, and the comment+ 0( 11 7 ; editor who has been three or four years in India, and 0. 1 1 : 1 ;i beyond the precincts of a Presidency—it is from hie able e pia disinterested view of men anti measures, and from that 0 ; anonymous correspondents, that we can alone derive full ana gw o partial informati o n o n thi s i m p ortant po i nt . B ut eaerugh °O !to part of the subject. We have heard a petition, said , written, and I have no doubt it is, by that respectablo tts“'j Ram Mohun Roy, whom I know and regard. I tool °3.. . a th• those who earnestly wished hi s m i n d cou ld h a ve been mud drawn from useless schemes of s p ecu l at i ve po li c y, end ist to giving us his useful aid in ill ustrat i ng t h e pas t and Ore - 10 history of his countryme n ; f or that knowledge (of which ne are yet imperfectly po ssesse d ) must f orm t h e b as i s of cola" urinal plum of improv e m en t. W e h ave b a d commen ts inflo w , * lead to a belief that he had robbed the mak' lion. Mover of the question, on those parts of the feed ° ight ! by Mr. Adam, that relate to native newepapers, which tn„ e had long enjoyed, of a free press; but there stew oroll i t eSl very lately, any native newspapers printed ie Indhu *I! Da 0 are now only subject to the same license and refP' llBlW those in the English language. I could say much twit :poll this subject, but feel I have alread intruded too lung g eti• your indulgence. Allow me, however, to re peat tol,, i oe. meats of Mr. Adam, who is an individual not more " by bio guiehed by his temper and virtue in private life,' thikn ema bio zeal, integrity, and talent as a public servant. fie i s In :iota" es of a freedotar' ffi o of malignity to any human being. On the present ne c %,- e tbt has come forward to expose himself to obloquy itv public. The best testimonies to the wisdom and no.ce ss o ; Of racter which lewd Amherst has found himself hut conduct will be found in the eorrespondity,!, ientim it c )e 6tBl. those be is associated with ;in the mea s ure ut . the 58- 11 l 18 of the Board of Controul. It only coot Pe. 01 adopt ; in the approbation of the Court of Directors iZe ceive, as I ern assured he will, the support of this C °1 ',„: 0 1 oc e : I cats have no doubt, will show by their vote on the k r : D don casks!), that they will never give up to clamour, or io 411 any shape a public of fi cer, who has performed his do t / Able, faithful, and conscientious manner." remains that he si;, ,tsra UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCL Oxronn, Atm 13.—0 n Monday last, t he V10114c:::,-s Abingdon School, M r . W m . Robert I.owell an:l 31f; 1 ,,,, vu Wm. Mahon w ere e l ecte d Scholars of Peinbruks "`" the foundation of Thos. Teralide Esq r y h a . ° On the Ist in the Lord 'Bistio . p of Salilb u „„, - • Ordination In the Cathedral, when the followinAlc r '" -' University were admitted into the Holy Order 01 J obe I.oollt DEACONS.—John Still, A.U. St. Mary Hall; 1;10, 1 1 '; Hawley, B.A. S t . John's College ; Alfred Eylo 41 ' li- 0 441 ' St. Mary H a ll ; L ew i s T ugwell, ILA. Bristow"' Henry George Talbot, B.A. Christ Church; W m ' , 11.1' son, ALA. Brazenose College ; James 1 1'; toy"" St. Alban H a ll ; Willi am Wilkins Henry - Gale, B.A College. ba s 3 PIIIESTIL—ThODIRS Bullock. S. C. L. st. 4 John Sloper, B.A. Queen's Collel ' ECCLESIASTICAL PREENi Irr TS Roe Houstoun, to th e Rectory it g l it'rtwiC na k, with %,„'"" V CAllw - Of Artsey, Bedfordshire; pat ron, Robert Houston 0k ton, Surrey.—The Rev. Henry Symmonds, D. a I} l,i,i!:s presented, by the Dean and Canons of Wind Nor, 10 tb :1 ) 00'h il of All Saints, Hereford.—The Rev. George liod i gs"' cort"' to the Ilishopof the diocese, has been appointed to Chrilt - sot: in Billninehani, on the resignation of the Rev. " 4 „ a • 'IOI 9P- The Rev. W. Frederick Patterson, A. B. is et , PD' 3 7l '4 lollel o to the Poor of the Great Hottp' al in Ni el.' 1-. ( V 0 - the parish church of St H 1 tberoc r d pei li pl. ,4 l l lco 7° Wigg Hancock , decea s ed . —'The en Mellifont Abbe', near . Wells, to treev.VNlVcamrs.ps of dle Glastonbury. A IS Yesterday m orn i ng , as one o f the 01 9 , o at 0 was passi ng un d er t h e b r id ge i n th e Oscl4 P .re. Aft . Kentish Town, the persons on board d isc % in' something floati ng on the water which, ° 08 , spection, th e y f oun d to h e t h e b o dy 0, ' ... r feel e d 4, It was con ve y e d t o t h e s h ore , a nd *PPe- - Dog whs. have been i n th e water severa l h ou rs. was attired lu a black dress.