The Sun. — London, England, 1824-05-21 00:00:00

'l'il E LONDON JOURNALS. DAILY Extracts from the Morning Papers, May 21. [MORNING POST.] The first Court of the present year was held yesterday, and his Majesty had an opportunity of judging, by the immense number of Nobility and Gentry who assembled to present their ho mage to their Sovereign, of the interest taken in tiis - health and welfare, and of the sentiments of affection generally ent e rtained towards his per ton. He must have been highly gratified at see ing„ that in this flow of loyalty z)I1 distinctions of party had disappeared, and that the Opposi tion Peer apd Commoner pressed round the Throne with as much anxiety and zeal as the staunchest supporter of Ministers. Indeed, the liberal system Of Government lately adopted has left of the Opposition nothing but the memory anti the name. The era of unanimity seems to have arrived, and never was the country more grateful for the. advantages which it enjoys, or more sensible that it owes them to a wise course of, administration, and to the paternal solicitude of a Patriot King. Had his Majesty been able to glance beyond the crowded halls of his palace, he would have seen that the same feeling which collected the rank, wealth, and chivalry of the land within, animated the countless multi tudes without. Never was the affluence of his subjects greater, and never did they wear coun tenances more in unison with the spirit of the clay. Every street in the line of communica tion with the Royal Palace presented a most interesting spectacle. Filled with superb coursers and magnificent equipages, loaded with rank and beauty—rendered almost impassible by thousands stationed on the pavement to witness the splen dour of the scene, and to form themselves one of its most pleasing ornaments—their houses dis played on their balconies and windows, tier above tier, rows of lovely females in elegant attire, whilst joyous loyalty brightly beamed in every countenance. The fineness of the weather added to the gaiety* of the scene, but did not inspire it; for it did not proceed from fortuitous circum stances, but from contented minds and loyal hearts. [atimsll ' , fuss.] • Many persons saw, in the Chancellor of the Exchequer's measure for paying off the dissentient Four per Cent. Stockholders, nothing short of a violation of the Sinking Fund, and an alarming injury to public credit. It was the privilege of a few to view it in its true light, and to perceive in it one of the ablest financial measures; it was only to be regretted that it would not operate upon a scale of greater extent. In our opinion, so far from violating the Sinking Fund, it actually effects a redemption of debt by the most faithful application of that fund ; it actually redeems debt, to the utmost extent of the money applied, and upon the most advantageous terms for the public. The seven millions of money, in pay ing off four per cents. at par—that is, in discharg ing an annuity of 41. by means of 1,00/. paid, ac tually in practical effect discharges an annuity of 3/. by means of 751. paid ; therefore, in truth, the seven millions will,as it were, buy up 3 per cents. at 751. per cent. instead of buying them in the market (as Nl, , ould be the case if the measure were not adopted) at 96 per cent. and at still higher prices, aseording to the advance in the price of 3 per cents. to par, which is expected soon by all intelligent persons in the city. Seven millions of money will thus discharge an annuity of 280,0001. ; but if the seven millions were to be. laid out in 3 per cents. in the market in the eighteen months succeeding October next, the ;very laying out of such money in the market would certainly raise the 3 per cents. to par ; :the 7,000,0001. would only, in such case, dis ,charge the annuity of 210,0001. Thus a sav ing is accomplished of 70,0001. per annum.— As to its injuring public credit, those who, not perceiving the efficacy of the measure, thought proper to sell stock on speculation, and who actually occasioned a fall of a frac tion per cent., if. they sold to any extent, will by their losses experience an incontestible proof of the unAniken stability of public credit. A gradual advance must take place in the English Funds • (political circumstances remaining the same), both on account of the mass of capital that will be:disengaged by the very measure in question,. which, after casting about in vain -for more secure investment, will again take shelter in the best of all securities, the Eng lish National Debt ; and on account of the increasing_ ratio in which capital im proves and is accumulated in this opulent and commercial country. The evidence of the astonishing increase of capital in this country was seen in the latter years of the war. In 1.811 the gross' receipt of money into the Exche quer was about 90 millions ; in 1315 7 an interval of only four years, it had reached 131 millions ; we have, since seen every Foreign State contract loans by means of Engli s h cap i tal : nevertheless, we see public works and new companies absorb ing masses of the same capital ; our merchants extending their Enterprise to the most distant re gions ; and yet such is the Progress of accumula public. funds are the favourite tion, that ih resource of investment, although yielding little more than 3 per cent. for mon9.y.!lnder these cir cnmstances,we have read with Peculiar satisfaction a financial paper, recently submitted to the at., , tention of his Majesty's Government, and to public men, by Mr. thick wood, the design of which is to take advantage of this redundant ca- Oita!, and to encourage its being ( ll) )loyed in ob. jects of domestic s 'ather than,foreign, investment; and at the same tinge, to carry into execution ether important suggestiotes.. The Stockholders are deeply interested - in Mr. Erick wood's views, because he contends against any further reduc tion of. interst,' and as it is rumoured that the thfee per tents. - are . to he reduced to q. per cents, he . recomm en d s th e "creation of a new stock, to be secured 'against reduction for a long term of yeais. lie proposes that the three per cents. should. be 'transferred into such new stock, and that an annual 'funding and re issue of Exchequer Bills should take place. fie suggests that by such means nearly two hundred millions of debt would be redeemed, thus coun. teracting the loss sustained by paying 1001. for 3 per cents., for which the State received only SW. during the war ; then, on account of this vast redemption of debt, he proposes to supersede the operations of the Sinking Fund in the stock market, and consequently (among other objects) to repeal immediately between seven and eight millions of annual taxes. If this measure should be found practicable, the immense advantage to accrue from it are manifest, and would be felt by all classes. It certainly carries weight enough with it to demand the most mature consideration. [MORNING HERALD.] Tuesday's Paris Papers arrived last night.— They are unusually barren of intelligence. The accounts from Lisbon are of the 4th, only two days earlier than those already received in Lon don. It, may be worth remarking, that the French Ultra and Ministerial Journals justify and eu logize the conspiracy of the Prince Don Mi guel. The fact seems to be, that in Spain and Portugal there are two parties—the moderate, of which Count Palmella is the head at Lis bon—and the actual Ministry at Madrid— and the party of despotism and the Inquisition, They (the latter) work by concert, and have formed the design of dethroning the two actual Sovereigns. In Portugal a Regency would be appointed ; but in Spain the party would set Fer dinand aside, and place his brother Carlos on the throne. There is in the French papers a curious and petty trait of intolerance. The Senator Lam bretchs, who died last year, bequeathed 2,000 francs, to be given by the Institute as a prize to the Author of the best Essay on the Freedom of Iheli gious Worship, written within two years after his death. M. Lambretchs, it should be observed, was a Protestant. The bequest was subject to the Minister of the Interior, who has directed that the bequest should not be so applied, tiro chetti, the Italian, who was convicted of an at tempt to assassinate a Greek priest, has again been tried, and sentenced to Death. His crime was stabbing one of the keepers placed over him, on the morning of his being conveyed to the gal- , lies. [NEW TIMES.] The Funds continued to decline yesterday : Consols opened at 96, were in the course of the day done at 95+, and closed at 954 for the pre sent account. The intelligence from Lisbon is mentioned as the principal cause of this fall.— It has certainly created an alarm among the commercial houses connected with Portugal ; but speaking politically, and with reference to the general state of Europe, we think the danger exaggerated. On the one hand, Prince Miguel's party assert, and probably with truth, that the Secret Societies, which, under the titles of Freemasons, Communeros, Carbo nari, &c. produced the revolutions in Portugal, Spain, and Italy, continue still to carry on their clandestine machinations ; and that the Police in Portugal has slumbered over its duty in not sup pressing these meetings. On the other hand, it is quite clear that such an evil (supposing it to exist) ought not to be encountered by means so violent and revolutionary as those to which the Prince's party resorted. It has been supposed that the Prince meant to depose his father, and to govern under the title of Regent ; but we cannot find any ground for ascribing to Don Miguel so criminal a design. His object most probably was (and this is sufficiently culpable) to intimidate the King into the adoption of measures of severity against the supposed ene mies of the Throne. Even if any Foreign Power coincided in the opinion that the Portuguese Go vernment should act more energetically than it has done for some time past, still no reasonable Sovereign could approve of the forcible means re sorted to by the Prince. These it was necessary to repress on the instant ; and therefore the Foreig❑ Ambassadors frost properly interfered to stop proceedings thus vitiated in their origin; and character. It has been erroneously supposed that the people of Portugal originated either the first movement or the re-action. Our infor mation leads us to believe that the great mass of the people were indifferent or entire strangers to the proceedings. The King's Government pro bably required some stimulus to vigilance and de cision ; and the Prince's party were disposed to an intemperate and dangerous activity. The result will perhaps be the adoption of a better and wiser system than either ; but in the meanwhile tranquillity appears to have been fully restored. As a further security against any sudden con vulsion, it is to be observed, that three British vessels of war remained in tl►e Tagus at the de parture of the packet. This force would be am ply sufficient to afford protection to the King and his Ministers in a case of emergency. It was rumoured yesterday that letters had reached town dated on the 7th inst. bringing more satisfactory accounts from the Portuguese Court ; but from inquiry we have reason to believe that there are no later ad vices than of the 6th. Another packet or vessel may he daily expected, and it is to be hoped wilt bring more satisfactory accounts. [TIIE TIMES. 3 • We are somewhat bare of facts relative to the recent explosion at Lisbon. An explosion in •deed it seems to have been, in which but part of the - gun p owder took fire, the rest has been Smothered, (perhaps only for a while), and the shock was therefore less decisive than was et pected. Enough, however, has taken place to shew . us the extreme weakness and decay of the build ing which it was meant to blow up. The. Prince and the Queen intended to deprive the King of the exercise of the Royal authority ; and this en terprise, which his Majesty was not sufficiently stro ng to repress himself, and tinder which lie has to a certain degree succumbed, was Stispended by the unarmed interposition of the Foreign Mini" stets. Thus stands the matter represente • d to us.at present ; and if that representation be correct, such Foreign Ministers for spirit, energy, and in fluence, or such a King and Prince for the want of those qualities, are but rarely cotemporaneous persodages in history. Perhaps, indeed, it may have happened that the powers of the King and P r i nce were so nicely balanced, that it required but a little additional weight on either side to turn the scale; and upon that supposition, none of the actors in this drama may have been possessed of a grand character ; which, as great men are not the ordinary productions of nature, is, after all, the more natural supposition. The King, it appears, has not been actually deposed by his son and wife ; but yet he has been obliged to issue Proclamations, approving of their acts, and condemning to punishment those whom they had condemned. Our Journal contains a Pro clamation of that nature. It is dated on the 4th last. In this, his Majesty is made to say, that' the Prince was " under the necessity of having " recourse to arms," and that the el a nger of the crisis would not allow time for him to consult his father. A dangerous concession this, we should think. Was not the King at the head of the Executive Government, and would not he have been the fittest person to put both the Prince and the army in motion ? We know not whether it is worth the while to notice the various rumours in circulation yesterday. One was, that the Prince, convinced of the im policy and undutifulness of his conduct by the arguments of the Diplomatic Body, had relin quished the command of the army, which had been conferred on Lord Beresford. In one of the scanty documents this day published, the Prince returns thanks to the army, as its Chief. And if we doubt the fact, we are still more doubtful of the propriety of Lord Beresford, a foreigner, taking the command of the Portuguese troops in a period of civil commotion. What should we say, if a French General were to take the command, and order the troops under him to fire upon their countrymen ? No mercantile letters have been received in which this point of the Prince's resigning the command is spoken of : and advices from Oporto dated the 10th, are equally silent on the subject. But that the deposition of the King was the direct object of the plot, is asserted throughout the cor respondence; and it is even added that the draught of a decree was prepared, for the dethronement of his Majesty,and the nomination of a Regency. The Stanmer packet which brought the presentaccounts, together with dispatches for Government, has had orders transmitted to Falmouth to sail again for Lisbon with the answer and further instructions from the English Cabinet. The Statimer would set sail immediately on the arrival of yesterday's letters at Falmouth. The next accounts from Lisbon, should any thing decisive occur, will probably come through France, by which route ►►ews can be brought by a courier in 11 days to England. LMORNING CHRONICLE.] The sudden change in the sentiments of the Journal des .Wbats, with respect to the enter prize of Don Miguel, taken in conjunction with a variety of other circumstances, gives rise to very serious reflections. Among other objects on which the Prince dwells, in his Address, is the recovery of Brazil. We are strongly inclined to believe that the Holy Alliance are at the bottom of .the Counter-revolution, as a step to tl►e prosecution of their designs on. Brazil, through which they hope to secure their do minion in America. Why-should there be any hesitation in the French Ministerial Journals to condemn an act subversive of alt authority, and in direct opposition to every principle which the Holy Alliance have consecrated ? One day we are told that the Corps Diplomalique, and par ticularly the French Ambassador, loudly con demned the conduct of Don Miguel, and the next we are gravely assured, that when all the. circumstances came to be known, it will be found that Don Miguel is deserving of praise rather than censure. Our Parisian Correspondent affirms that Portugal is now the arena in which the great European interests are agitated, that the Emperor Don Pedro is waiting for a favourable moment to unite Brazil to the mother country, and that Brazil, from its topographical posi tion, has been selected as a centre, from which operations against the other states may advan tageously he directed. We do not see how the English Ministers, on their own principles, can have any thing to say to this. The counter-re volution of Don Miguel has not been produc ed by foreign invasion, Portugal is not like Spain occupied by foreign troops, and though we may object to an expedition from Cadiz we neither can object to one from Lisbon, nor prevent the Holy Alliance from furnishing the Portuguese Government with the pecuniary aid of which it may be in want. If the French. interest at Lisbon prevail over the English in terest, this may be a mortification, but does not form a legitimate ground of complaint. Our City Correspondent states, that he had been informed letters have been received a day later than those which came by the Stanmer Packet, announcing the return to the former state of things ; but we confess we entertain great doubts with respect to the truth of this intelligence. It is clear from the language of Ferdinand, in answer to the pro-1 position of Ministers, from the language of the Ultra French Papers, from the Proclamations of Don Miguel, from what transpires now and then in the Journals published in the other States of the Holy Allatice, that the Sovereigns have not renounced their designs against South Arne rica• Hitherto they have never announced any design which they have not followed without in termission. They have one ' object in their eye,l which they never lose sight of for a moment. We regret to state that, in consequence of the general turn out w hich had taken place among the working cutlers? the trade in this town has assumed a dull and lifeless aspect. W e hear no sounds' piercing the night's dull ear"--... n0 c li n k of " busy hammers"—no " dreadful not e o f pre paration." Several hundreds of workmen have, during the present week, been parading the streets : and we rejoice to state that their con duct has in every, w ay b een peaceable.—(Sh e ifiad Mercury, May 15.) A gentleman has just arrived in C or k f rom Calais in two days, being a distance of 500 miles. We believe this expedition exceeds any thin g on record.--(Freeman's Journal.) PORTUGAL. BoN, MAY I.—The Gazette of this date contains the ac counts of the events of the 30th of April, the Proclamation, &c., already published. MAY 3.—His Majesty has been pleased to confide, ad in terim, the portfeuillc of the War Dapartment, to his Minister Secretary of State for the Affairs of the Kingdom, the Most Excellent Jose Antonio de Oliveira Leite, and that of the Ma rine and Colonies to his Minister Secretary of State for Fo. reign Affairs, the Most Excellent the Marquis Palmella. His Excellency the Conde da Povoa remains in the Department of the Finances. We cannot yet give the Supplement which we promis . ed re lative to the late events, lest we should omit important circum stances. 'We will publish it as soon as possible. " LISBON, MAT 4. (SUPPLEMENT TO NO. 105, OF THE LISBON GAZETTE.) " DEPARTMENT OF THE AFFAIRS OF TINE KINGDOM " DECREE. " The Infant Don Miguel, my much beloved and dear Son, Commander in Chief of my Royal Army,having obtained strong presumptive proofs that a fatal conspiracy was carrying on, in secret clubs, against him, against the Queen my highly be loved and dear Consort, and against my Royal Person, which placed him under the absolute necessity of having recourse to arms ; and the danger of the crisis not allowing him first to obtain from my Sovereign authority, the necessary resolu tions and orders, to prevent evils of a higher degree, which by their enormity and detestable nature, would not only have shaken but destroyed, at this juncture, the political edifice of the Monarchy, of which God has confided to me the government and protection; and I, learning from arguments which he al leged in my Royal presence, the motives that induced him to prevent, by means of the armed three, such absurd and exe crable attempts, I think lit, and it is my pleasure, that the Corregidors and Judges in criminal causes, in the quarters of this city and capital of Lisbon, and all other Magistrates of the white rod ( vara Branca) in the provinces of these my king doms of Portugal and Algarve, where there are criminals arrested, accused of these infamous and pernicious crimes, shall proceed without delay against them, by summary and verbal processes, without any determined number of witnesses, interrogating them judicially, and remitting the documents of the proceedings to the Courts of Judicature of their respec tive districts, with the sentence ( pronuncia ) of the criminal, that the punishment may follow the crime, without the incon veniences of protracted imprisonment. I further order, that the Chancellor of the Casa da Supplicacao shall appoint a Commission from the same Tribunal, composed of six of the Judges, one of whom is to act as reporter, in order to inquire briefly and summarily into crimes of this description, and also to nominate Judges ihr the confiscations, &c. The same is to be done by the President of the Tribunal of Oporto on the causes in diet district. And lam further pleased, in conse quence of the very respectful supplication, which the said In fant, my much beloved and dear son, made in my Royal Pre sence, to excuse him for the acts beyond the limits of his juris diction, which he did without my Royal Authority, and I do hereby excuse him accordingly. Jose Antonio tie Oliveira Leite de Barros, my Counsellor of State, Minister of the _Affairs of the Kingdom, will issue the necessary orders to the compe tent Authorities." (Signed by his MAJESTY.) " Palace of Bemposta, May 3, 1824." ORDER OF THE DAY. " His Highness the Infant Don Miguel, Commander-in- Chief of the Army, orders it to be signified to the Army, how much he is satisfied with the promptitude with which the corps of the garrison of Lisbon assembled on the 30th of last month, and with the fidelity and enthusiasm with which they were ani mated, and so decidedly manifested to maintain the sovereign rights of his Majesty the King our Sovereign ; and he is highly gratified by this opportunity of confirming his conviction, that there is not one of the corps that compose the brave Portu guese Army that is not animated by equally honourable and faithful sentiments. " His Highness thanks the 19th regiment of infantry for the good order and rapidity with which it marched from Cascaes to Belem. " His Highness further orders it to be made known to the army, that some of those individuals are arrested who were plotting against the sovereignty of his Majesty, and that he has been most highly gratified by the notice which his Majesty has been pleased to send him by his Master of the Horse and Cham berlain, the Marquis de Louie, approving all that his High ness has done for the good of the nation. " MOZINHO, Chief of the Staff. " Head-quarters in the Palace of Bemposta, May 1, 1824." The inhabitants of this city celebrated, by a spontaneous illumination, the happy issue of the heroic resolution of the In fant Don Miguel, as well on the 30th of April, as on the Ist of May, and almost equally on the 20. On the Ist, in the afternoon, the King, and the Infantas, pro ceeding from the palace of Bemposta, by the Roseio, to the Royal Church of o ur L a dy, every w h ere received die most unequivocal and lively testimonies of the love of all classes of the people, who crowded to hail his Majesty, exulting to see his august person, all the Royal Family, and the nation, deli, vered from the dark machinations of the irreconcileable ene mies of the throne and the altar. FOR TIIE SUN. MR. EDITOR—Since my return to this country, I have had a little leisure from matters which detained me in Dublin. May I beg the favour of the advantage of your peru sal of the following rapid sketch of Irish statistics, which I amused myself by etching, - out the other morn i ng b efore my ride ; it originated from local and experimental knoWledge of the singular and interesting country and people it professes to describe. . To the Utopian and the optimist , it i s a pa i n f u l re fl ect i on to weaken their sanguine anticipations of Ireland's welfare, by the unpromising premise, that no rational man can hope for the sudden and miraculous change in society and manners which Bible societies, Ladies schools, or other education ameliorators, would lead us to believe the consequence of their well meant labours. It is wall to look at the present unheard-of state of the pea santry of this part of the Island, with a steady retrospective eye to remote causation. No man of observation can miss the true ones ; these are, lmo. The Catholic Religion. 2do. Long continued oppression of the lower orders, by an exercise of all the horrors of distant and Colonial vassalage and corveeism since the conquest of the Island by Henry 11. 3tio. The total want of public spirit in our landed proprie tary, and the disregard of every association connected with humane feelings, or commonly charitable ones to their inferiors. Under this head may be included absenteeship, and the conse quent drain of capital to a part of the empire already swollen to satiety with wealth. 4to. From these three generic causes, we may descend to their consequences, religious intolerance, party zeal infuriat ing both factions, barbarous retribution of the unhappy and excited peasantry on their heartless oppressors, inducing out rages which deform th e na ti ona l page o f our istory, and de grade us in the eyes of even vassalled Europe, and her asso ciated and blasphemously affianced despots ; but it is painful to dwell on manifest recapitulations—let us endeavour to offer a few suggestions incidental to the above alarming crisis of illilesian Politics. - Imo. The Catholic Religion , unfortunately, is an imperial one; calculated for any form of Government but free or mixed ones—Let us make the best of what the errors of centuries ren der it impossible to remove in foto, until a moral regenera tion of Ireland shall have fitted men's minds for more enlarged systems of toleration and philanthropy —let us not visit too se verely the strong-hold which this most imposing of all reli gions leaves on the mind of an ignorant and wretched popula tion, irritated by a sense of long oppression and disgraceful re ciprocation of cruelty and bigotry. It is true that this is the worst of all possible religions Ireland could have ; it fosters the morbid inundation of our vast population ; its priests are supported in the very necessaries of life, by encou raging mariages (one of their chief sources of revenue). It is, however the religion of five-sixths of th e e ntire cen sus o f thi s part of Ireland, and no art we possess can eradicate it, or even change materially the creeds of its followers—we can only amend, and that gradually.. Let gentlemen (Catholics, per haPs, are best for these delicate negociations) sound- the feel ings of our irritated and justly enraged hierarchy—let the eye of the British Government be directed to the arduous effort of pressing pecuniary support on those already exasperated by oppression and contempt—lct some modification of tythe pro perty be adopted (which, as. the most ancient, would perhaps t p h ro c e the Clergy—letleas t off en their s s i ve;)a o n i _d d i tt s t a t n e attempted patiegdn dignitaries iesb provide e f c o o r n ad C t: . o and talked over by men in whom these Gentleman, repose con fidence, men attached to the cause of Ireland by the respohsi tie ties of long lines of, ancestry, and themselves descended from Catholic progenitors. If we have failed in forcing on this order pecuniary aid in former efforts, let us rather =Mint, for this striking anomaly, not from the impracticable nature or the attempt, but from the premature and ill-contrived prose-, dure of the negotiations. The offer of a boon from an eneola of itself argu es susp i c i on i n t h e donor. Let Magistrates a n , resident gentry be enjoined by memoirs, transmitted as then' lars, as to the duties they should observe in conciliating Catb° - lice, and the respect with which the followers of this religion should be treated to ensure their confidence and loyalty all exasperations be forgotten in our fut ure commerce so Catholic Gentlemen, many of them of family and tion as enlightened and exalted as their protesting brethrea themselves ; let us despise the folly of interfering with those " skiey influences," those fine shades of human idi o syncrasy in: duced from re li g i ous ceremon i a l ; let men incited by despond' ence and afflicti on i nc id enta l to t h e loss of friends coolln,lt t their relics the dust in any w a y th ey s h a ll d es i re to d o; Catholics come in and go out of the wor ld i n con f or mity t° their own cr ee d s . As well may we dare in Oriental India t° stop the silent Hind oo i n hi s connu bi a l or sepulchra l P ro' cession. Mankind, however divided by rivers, seas, and mountains;: are still the s a m e an i ma l s — t h e i r pre j udices, if deep-rooted a 8" erroneous, may have been established three thousand years be fore our reformed and regenerated systems of ethics were thought of, or even their necessity apparent. Humility au" conciliation, combined with firmness in the governing, hate kept Asia in peace ; why should not that exalted mind, isb ° directed the ener g i es o f d istant co l onial empire, succeed in t his insular viceroyalty. Ireland is not more savage than Malaga , nor can her green fields boast an equal culture, or more polish' ed system s o f government t h an are found in Hindostan. L e ! the Catholic p r i es th oo d, b y const i tut i onal enactment, OW' either ecclesiastical or secular property with our own Church , and not be trampled on by the offensive offer of pecuniary d?" nation from th e f un d s o f the revenue, like tide-w a iters. i n fine, let p rov i nc i a l supremacy be waived—let us meet at Ogg tables gentlemen of equal accomplishments with the most p° - lished of ourselves—let us make Ireland the fashion, by eliciting frequent intermixture between the aristocracies of the two Islands. 2do. Under this head several volumes may be collected front every quarter. When will Irish landholders learn to adopt the conviction, that to make their inferiors honest and punctual, YOU must give the wretched vassal an interest in the glebe which he turns —you must foster his newly-acquired habitudes which re' cent industry shall have induced--give him a place among hi° peers, by enabling him to accumulate the honest proceeds of industry, and thereby facilitating his reliance on the resources or his own prudence and correct demeanour. Let the resident gentry begin to despise the silly and preposterous, if not absurd, attempt , to extract from the pockets of their dependents the utmost far thing of the value of their lands, which an ill cultured and pat' perized peasantry can by any system of labour, however painful, supply; let the fair and more punctual apportionment whiar may accrue from lib era l rec i procat i on, he frankly received front the.wretclied agriculturist; let the kindly fruits of this fertile island be fairly divided, as in other infant agricultural countries (Tuscany for instance), between the „. - rower, the growers eat' ploysr, and their several consumers. But, alas, these latter de siderata pre-suppose an enlargement of views not intelligible to the provincial capacities of the few resident of the landed Gentry of Ireland. 3tio. The unheard of outrages which distract this division of the island, while they bring a blush in the cheek of every Irish Gentleman of birth and family in the kingdom, have their real origin in causations not remote or concealed—the total dis regard of all the relations which connect society among ma n " kind—is here notorious ; that first of all bonds, as its name to truth implies, Religion, fosters the contagion of the disease; dereliction in all the leading duties of men and citizens. Heart lessness and absence of the whole circle of cordial reciproca tions which ende ar man t o hi s f e ll ow, are here unappreciated, unacknowleged. The barbarous outcasts from their paternal farms, repay their oppressors by taking on themselves the task of retribil tion, as the laws, are, an must e silent i affording tem re lief. It would seem tha d t extra b ordinary n efibrts are called for on the part of Government to meet this anomalous and most heart-rending evil. I would suggest the esta- • blishment of a very peculiar description of military or more properly municipal defence for the loyal resi dents in distant and unprotected districts ; let us imitate the Northern Germans in establishing a Landweer, with this dif ference that Government shall solicit the Great Landed Pro prietary to aid them in introducing a healthy population o f agri culturists from the sister countries ; let townships be establishe d in different remote parts of the counties, Cork, Limerick, Tip perary, Waterford, Clare, and the western and aboriginal di: tricts of Irel an d ; l et t h ese peasants or selections from those al ready residing, who can be confided in, repair monthly to a day or two's drill ; let their arms be deposited in a village depot' Let us by all means in our power encourage emigration of tltt useless and abandoned among the old peasants of Ireland, while we make w a y f or th e new race ; let these efforts be aided bY, empowerin g ass i stant Barristers and Magistrates to dispose ° L the unworthy members of the vicinity, by enlarging the pow er of the local M a gi str a c y .I.l` directed to thi s p art i cular view. r valuable acquir emen t s in agr i culture, peaceful demeanor, alaci; - industry, which the example of the new comers would induce , would materially benefit the acute and reflecting race ahead , ' immersed in error and vice ; let these armed Colonists be seta- blished on the principle of the Prussian or Swedish Landifeer* having already formed an admirable local Police, the transfer of its valuable members would be easy and desirable for the lately raised troops themselves. I know not how far this mixed military and civil force O'Y not be combin e d w i t h recent associations for mining, and other societies connected with agriculture or manufactories. I have thus cursorily adverted to what may be looked on 8s affording avenues to amelioration in this barbarous and vote , ' country. This county (Kilkennyshire), in the centre of the Island., is perhaps at this moment as ready for insurrection and outrage 85 the worst parts of thecounties, Cork or Limerick. Armed ban ditti are well known to reside in many villages ; men of rank and place in society are afraid to reside even on their estates in the immediate vicinity of the towns. The secret of all this rests in 200,0001. annually being drained aw a y by a b sen t e es-- the names could e a s ily b e su p p lied. Such is the perplexing state of Ireland at this moment, its Government has the unparalleled task to contend with an in' furiated faction, incapable of appreciating the generous and laudable sytems which enlightened Rulers have in vain a- - deavoured to inculcate. The asperities of faction, and the bad. passions of aristocrates and democrates alike are let loose 00 4 Government, which even had it the power to adopt their sae' rat Metastases, could really never radically avert the conse quences of the crimes and the vices of Ireland. The misfortune is, the remedies for Ireland do not, rest in her Government, which, if celestial itself, could scarcely meet pre sent exigencies, the vices are deep rooted and must be gra dually assailed ; to elicit exertion, we must first induce wantge A ragged peasant, whose hovel is pervious to the rain and' wind, whose vegetable provender is shared with his children and the cottage pig, must be brought by slow degrees only to appreciate and to live—clean shirts, airy rooms, and well vole tilated habitations, removed from their old friend the dung hill, extending to the threshold. Melancholy the reflection, that man should abuse an Island, the advantages of which are unrivalled, the population of which exhibits capacity for moral and religious improvement ! Ridicule seems the most appropriate weapon with which to assail those sensitive patricians, who crowd the metropolis and watering places of more favoured England ; let it be made the fashion, and be an established inst ance o f t ac t an d goo d taste to uphold Ireland, and let there examples be-furnished front the highest orders of the State, from the Ruler himself. All former systems of Government have boon ascertained to be defective. Let others in these enlightened days be resorted to ; and above all things, give the governed (by benefits to be conferred) an interest in the innovation intended to be adopted. ANGLO 3IILESIA.NI.7S. BIRTHS. Yesterday, in Gloucester-place Lady Osborn, of a son. On Sunday, the 16th inst., at his house in Brook -street, the Lady of G. J. Legh, Esq. of a daughter. MARRIED. On the 18th inst., at Trull, Somersetshire, the Rev. David Smith Stone, only son of Webb Stone, Esq. of Conieytrovie house, near Taunton, to Isabella Ann, eldest daughter of the late Captain Thomas Elphinstone, of the Royal Navy, and of Belair-house, in the County of Devon. At St. Mary's, Lambeth, on Thursday, the 20th inst.,. Geo. Washington Abbott, Esq. of flay, Brecon, to Elizabeth Ca roline,• second daughter of the late William Van, Esq. of the Council-office. On Thursday, the 20th inst., at Tettenham, Mr. Henry King, of Falcon square, to Sar a h, youngest daughter of John Chaplin, Esq. of Tottenham. DIE. In St. J a m es ' s . p l ace, on Tuesday evening, the 18th inst. Miss Isabella Pigot. On the 15th inst., at Coventry, Mr. Herbert. Bury, late Of Malta, merchant. On Saturday morning, the 15th inst., at Limehouse, Mid dlesex, Mr. Matthew Belcher, in the 44th year of his age. On the 20th inst., in Tavistock-square, Mrs. Sharp, widow of the late Wm. Sharp, Esq. of Winchester-street. Printed and Ptiblisbed for the Priontivrons, at the SUN.. OFFICE, 112;Sterand, by J. B. CAnsTAtits.