The Sun. — London, England, 1855-01-01 00:00:00

ASSOCIATION' GB. L 3/A S TER S OF TALLY. the method of teaching grammar ; by the Rev. John Curwen, on the tonic sol-fa mode of teaching singing. The remainder of the sitting was devoted to business of a routine character chiefly. Before tho meeting separated, Mr. Brookes, master of the Jews' Western School, inqufred whether the second rule of the society, who declared that none should be members except those which made the Bible the basis of all instruction, was in tended to exclude masters who did not proceed on that principle ? He himself was of the Jewish religion, but he knew that many others in the same position with himself would b© glad to join in the great objects of the society, and thus dispel sectarian feeling, it that rule were not urged. After some discussion it was found that no rule could be altered except by previous notice of one month before the annual meeting, which notice must be given by a member. A member undertook to give this notice, and the matter stands over for deliberation at the next annual meeting. AT The proceedings at the annual meeting of this associa tion were resumed on Friday morning, at St. Martin's Hall, Long-acre. Mr. T. Tate, mathematical professor of Kneller Hall Collegiate Institution, in the chair. Mr. Tuomis CRAMPTON, master of the- B ren tf or d Public-school, proceeded to deliver his lecture on "The Teaching of Common Things." He said the subject which he had to introduce had lately occupied a large s hare of public attention. It was, in fact, the topic o f the day in regard to elementary education ; and, if rightly pursued, it would be worthy of endurine. popu larity. He conceived that schoolmasters had the great charge of the general education of the child committed to them. Practically, and by implication, they stood in the important position of parent to many of these poor children, who might be truly regarded as orphans, so far as the want of home training, and the judicious care of a parent was concerned. They were indeed responsible to the Great parent ofall to do their very best, lest any of those "little ones" should perish. He could not, therefore, but regard it as an imperative duty on the part of the schoolmaster to examine the propriety of teaching any subject that might be proposed fur school instruction. Theorists not only differed on what ought to be taught, but also on every detail of method how to teach. For instance, they had lately heard a great deal eh:AA the bad writing of the middle and lower dames of Enelasd. The inspectors took this as seriously as the members of the Royal Society did Charles I f.'s celebrated query, Why a live fish placed in a tub of water should not in crease the weight thereof ? For, a llo wing merston to have been more than usually serious in the matter, they might first doubt the fact, and assert the writing of the middle classes of England to be generally excellent. But granting it to be otherwise, how to re medy it ? " You don't write half enough large hand," said Mr. Watkins; "It's no use writing lare hand at utterly all," said Mr. J e li nger Symons, " it's absurd." From the elaborate method of Alulhauser, which came out with the direct patronage of Government, we inferred that the slope of the letter was important, as books were ruled on purpose to secure this point. Now, what did Lord P a l me rston say ?—" Don't slopt ' cm at all ; make 'em like print." (A. laugh.) One declaimed against the alternation of thick and thin upstrokes and downstrokes. Imitate Italian band," cries another, which was simply thick upstrokes and thin downstrokes. For all this, what were they to do ? If they attempted the impossibility of following all these directions, we might certainly succeed in developing a true aristocratic handwriting. He did not question the sincerity of these advocates for particu lar plans or subjects. Unfortunately, they were rather too sincere, so that their enthusiasm for their favourite sub , jest involved the ignoring of others. They had been taught to regard reading, writing, and arithmetic as the itAiepensable milk, bread, and meat of education,and could not fi n d ti me d uly to attend to these with so much daily w or k f or music, so much fordr much for sci ence, so much to learn phonics, and so in m g, uc s h o to unlearn ph on i cs. They found it simply impossible to get through h a lf t hi s work in six hours daily teaching, and they w ere th erefore compelled to be eclectic even if they had not wished it. He thought too little regard had been paid to the idiosyncracv of each teacher. Every ens knew best what his main tendencies were, and every one knew that lie taught hest that which he loved. Though they had each of them powers of mind tc acquire respectable knowledge of many things, yet they did not act wisely in opposing those leading characteristics of our nature which had been formed by an all-wise Creator for the evident purpose of developing high and varied results. They should not be ashamed of not knowing tinny things, aye, a n d no t teac hi ng many things also, 80 that they " occupied," in a persevering, hopeful spirit, those talents that God had graciously committed to them. Ho hoped, therefore, that they should agree as to the propriety as well as necessity of electicisin in regard to subjects proposed fur teaching, and not be driven from their duty , by the sudden rush of any subject into temporary popularity. Ho admitted the value of many new subjects propounded, and did not in the least question the sincere awl benevolent mo• tires of the propeundere ; but they must pause, and see first whether they had time, and then ability, to teach the new subject, which they had better not at tempt until they could do it efr.cien tly arid consistently with the attention required by other indispensable duties. Many a humble schoolmaster might do mere service against the Goliath of Ignorance with the simple sling and the stone that he could use well, than by the swords and armour, the costly apparatus and elaborate methods, which would but encumber him. The grand aim of in tellectual discipline was doubtless to increase the powers of the mind, so as to enable man more fully to become acqeeinted with the works and arrangements of Provi dence, and to use such knowledge in the best way for the good of mankind. A knowledge of abstract scienc es might be g enera lly regar ds 1 as valuable for enabling them to obtain a better knowledge of the concrete. The discipline of the mental powers was thought to be the sole aim of education, irrespective Of the utility or practical value of the subjects thus employed for mental training. The classics awl the mathematics therefore held fur a long time, and do now hold to a great extent, the position of exclusive educational agents. But lie thoeght it would be admitted that these studies Lad not been so signally successful in the practical improvements of the human race, These studies, the classics especially, were fur many centuries exclusively pursued as objects as well as methods of learning ; and still the dark ages existed —still the scholastic philosophy reigned—still the sun went round the earth —stiil general ignorance and semi-barb :risen prevailed, poor suffering humanity took refuge in the tyranny of kings from the lawlessnees et men. Science was not, freedom was net, religion became a thing of puperstition, priestcraft, oppression, cruelty, and blood. By and by thei e arose is B icon, wi l e was the first teacher of common things. He glee-. us the great method of teaching this subject, n Heti c!aesieal knowledge had not only fail( d to develop, but much hindered and obscured. The inductive philosophy taught mankind how to em- Ploy the mental powers ie investigating the real objects of nature, and how to snake these subservient to th e best purposes of human happiness. Some time after there arose England's great mental philosopher, John Locke. He told mankind that floe human mind could be best train e d by appealing to the perceptive faculties and exercisi ng the logical powers on objects of observa tion. This philosophy and this teaching produced valu able fruit by its inherent vitality, and without any uni rereity or scholastic patronage. They had sufficient Proofs, however, of the value of physical science in de veloping great minds without university assistance in the ggeat names of James Watt, Robert Ferguson, Ark ight, Crompton and the present illustrious Faraday, tinned scores of seconder names that might be men tioned. department of lie thought they could place the third great physical science, human kn owledg e, the investigation of e, as far as they c ould carry it out in our " he uls, under the tern " common things.' The want of inductivene t eac h ing o ss, in truth, characterised too much of our fur text books seem formed on the idea that the de of the reasoning faculty by means of the reading lesson. was not worth consideration ; we had plenty of deseriptivelessons of all sorts of things and in all sorts of styles but he was unaware of a single inductive l the mere i r eading books i n common use. If the reading of facts were their object, they had only t otl t i r e a a rtinl tic,quartern.t of an hour daily from writing, arithrne to reading tes..,nu some other subjects, and devote these " co mmon ti x i t " o ,ks of what any one's fancy might term 0 1 nh d e s o: They had, however, somethit,g fa" n y , w ' s their duty to be masters of their mon thin ge " therefore they migh t welcome "sour ie our daily routine as the vehicle for the training of the inentel faculties, by means of perception, chiefly those of induction the preparation of not. n. He should much recommend of the refre.shianighoefitph:toestahocfhe e n r i list; by such on account and.tr secondly, veamluert.bnioorypiens t g a i i v s o u i z n c z g h i a t exercises lesson, f ; Ifs would carry out the n r minx the object valuable Ashburton ettributedetlPi(e"d'ible p lh e e n y t kofnea ownis tha Lord m a n very much to the six montli:vheekstudied in thise university " I did not, of Geneva. "There" he said dto marls andiuie much, but my eypeasmevqee(rieuoisieeneeLl understandle a r n Faculties were called what had before into play which lay till then undev.e.leor and I found my dpuerrititanerstne few months, than mind ripen more rapi \ d l ly . in years previous." immense importance of objects as tii to the eye scarcely estimated the in teaching, He would next appealin grecom me ple, how e preparation of a number of simple experitnents. For s imple, yet h6w suggestive, the mere burneixam paper before the class : why the paper ignitnecgl:oprieeacdeiloyf —why the flame ascends—why it . increased so rapidly when held below the other portion of the paper —why it burnt very elowl would probably go out a horizontal position—why it q held above the paper. These questions would opetiii and highly practical lessonsatty extensive range of facts, the lyin g d own and avoidin gvstrld n ecessarily follow, as in the ope n a i r when the : io n t a i,e turiel tenden c y t o run l smothering, covering, preventing ac:e l of ai r to the fire caught fire—the —in fact to p rocure i ts cessation. schoolboys h a d t o c l ean b oots and shoes. e 17 4 : 1 T h e 'itd most tigate why they used the hard brush for brutshiegnii"l:* dirt, and why a softer one for shining—hy the blacki ng the mast be rubbed while damp to produc e a polish, anadesekini it left to get dry, it would turn to adult white. Additi h interest would be thus given to common employments and, generally speaking, the rationale of any labou'r would invest it with a churns that would ensure its better performance, as well as make it a vehicle for thought ful improvement. " Seest thou a man diligent in his business," said the wise man, "he shall stand before kings ; he shall not stand before mean men." And We he believed to be true in every condition and in every ease. They might trace the course of the poorest clod hoppers, and find examples of one lad being more active, more clever at his work, in short, doing better than others. He took a first place among boys, a first place among men. Hisce3 ofurs e was onward and upward, keep ing to his conditio nus unkindness, success he roust lied down 1 rise. ien Tie , pl i g ht be pelted by envy, p but, like a cork, up he came, and, while he was true, whole si orld could not keep him d own. mankind was full of such instanc e s ; ari d T Lo he lo :t e o ll' history t o ji ; Inany o f then; had their first movements directly traced to some striking occasion or • i particular circumstanc e which th e y were J'l5 t .ll t-(1 in regarding as educational. match, rather, They had then but to apply the . s to ley the train of common sense to common things, having i full hope and confidence float such would in due time ,e ignited, and: pm ( ' • • ng uce, if not brilliant, ig Some dig norntice, ove rturning at least useful in exploding erturning masses of .error, a n d removing the lurking places of rice. (near') cussion followed on the topics started in the . lecture of Mr. Cramptor, in which Mr. Buckmaster, Mr. G. Kea r l s y, the Chaiirm o f t meet took p ar t , and a vote and other gentlemen octoorded to the l ec t urer. hanks was unanimously Later in the day lectures were delivered Mr J WOOLWICH.— Fret,. Smith, a middle-aged man, by • 'Mesta, oorrespond,ing secretary ha , - •J. I trad e A bricklayer, was charged with hating caused the tho -association, on POLICE I NTELLIGENCE.—Dec. 30. MARYLEBONE. Jacob Hull, a sullen-looking middle-aged man, was placed at the bar before Mr. Long, charged with the following most atrocious con duct towards George Kemp, living in Haverstock-place, Camden•town. Complainant, around whose head was a bandage, de posed, that on the previous Saturday he was in the com• luny of the prisoner at a beer-shop, and that a quarrel arose between them, some fighting ensued, and com plainant knocked prisoner down. Mr. Long—Now come to the biting off your ear. Where did that take place f—Complainant : After the quarrel I looked into a beer-house in Ferdinand-street, on my way home, and while on the settle, partaking quietly of a glass of ale, the prisoner entered ; he eat down close to me, and after remaining quiet for some minutes, he, without saying a word, threw one arm round my waist, and seizing me firmly by the collar, bit off part of one of my ears. The piece fell from his mouth, and was picked up from off the floor ; some par ties hearing me cry out came to my assistance, and rescued me after much difficulty from the prisoner's held. Prisoner also endeavoured to fasten his teeth into my nose, and would no doubt have succeeded in his object hail not my cries had the effect of bringing instant aid. Other witnesses were examined touching the brutal outrage. The portion of the ear which had Leen torn away by prisoner's teeth wus produced by Jesse, one of the war rant officers of the court ; it was nearly two inches in length and about half an inch wide. The prisoner, who had scarcely anything to say for himself, was fined 51., th e mag i s t ra t e a t th e same time remarking that but for the previous quarrel and ad mitted assault he should have sent the case to the sessions. LAMBETH.—Mr. Herring, the relieving officer of the parish of St. Mary's, Newington, attended before the Hon. G. C. Norton, in compliance with a message from that magistrate, to answer some questions, and give an explanalion of his conduct as regarded some poor people, who had been sent to him from the court to be relieved. For several days past a considerable portion of the time of the magistrates at this court has been occupied by the exceedingly distressing complaints of the poor of the district entitled to relief from the pa rish, but more particularly the parish of Newington. The applicants from this parish not only complained of not receiving relief, but of the harsh and unkind treatment which they received at the hands of the officers. On Friday there were not less than twenty seven cases from Newington parish alone, and Mr. Norton, finding that they were cases in which the par ties should have been relieved by the parish officers, and not from the poor-box, desired Dixon, one of the sum moning officers, to take three of the worst cases to Mr. Herring, and tell him they were deserving his imme diate attention. From these three Herring selected one woman, and said that she had been before the board of guardians on the Thursday, when she was offered three 1 raves of bread, but that she refused them ; and believ ing,, therefore, that she bad imposed on the magistrate, requested him to take her back to the court. Dixon did so, when the woman at ones acknowledged she had been before the board, and refused to accept the three loaves for this reason, that they would be of no use whatever to herself and her family in the state they were in. Her husband was ill, and unable to earn anything ; her three children in a state of nakedness, and a room without a fire, and she would ask what use' three loaves of bread could be to her with a family in such a state. Dixon, the officer, corroborated the statement of the poor woman as respected the state of herchildren, and said said that a greater ecene of misery and wretchedness he never witnessed than that which the unfortunate child ren presented. He also said that he had learned that the person whose duty it was to visit the family, and on whose report the guardians acted, had never gone upstairs to see the state of the children. Mr. Norton observed that this was precisely what he thought. From what he had seen of the guardians of Newington parish he believed them to be most humane and kind ; and he felt perfectly certain that if a proper representation bad been made to them, as it should have been, they would not have allowed the poor ! family to remain in their present wretched state, or con fine their order to three loaves of dry bread. Mr. Herring (i❑ an impudent tore—Why charge mu with all this ? I was only acting on the board's order. Mr. Norton—l'll tell you wiry ; because it was your duty to have visited this poor family yourself, arid not to have allowed somebody else to go, who merely asked a few questions at the door, and then made a false re rrroa.nt 't;eee to keileelleee as to the antral state of the family. I have bad to do with a great many re iieving officers in my time, but I can say that I have never had to complain of the conduct of any one of them to the same extent that I have of yours. There are at present no less than seventeen applications in tho outer office who have been refused relief from yoer parish, and I insist on your inquiring into their cases, and relieving them, or dealing properly with then. A decent looking female who stood in the witness box, addressing the magistrate, said that her husband had been ill for some time, and her two children not much better, and all three, as well as herself, had not tasted a morsel of food for a day and a half, arid though she had represented these facts to Mr. Herring, he re fused to do anything for her. Mr. Norton—Then, but for the half•crown I gave you last evening, you might have been with your family with out a morsel until this time, so far as Mr. Herring is concerned ?—Poor woman—Yes, sir, that we might until this morning, when ho (Mr. Herring) assisted me with two loaves ; but what are two loaves to a sick family Mr. Norton--Now, Mr. Herring, you bear the state ment of this poor woman, and I request that you will at once attend to h•r and the other cases, and if you du not, I shall know then what to do. Mr. Herring here snatched up his hat, and left the court in a hurried manner, and certainly not accompa nied by the blessings of his auditory. WE STMINSTER.—LoreI 111 (infect : 7le appeared to a summons charging him with refusing to pay a cibinan his legal fare. Charles Segars, the complainant, said he was hired by the defendant on the 6th ult., from the rank at the bot tom of the Haymarket. He drove to the Athenaeum Club, and then carried the defendant to his residence, 7. Park.street, Westminster. The servant brought com plainant out sixpence as his fare, but he demanded n shilling for the distance. His lordship admitted the facts, but said that he had been in the habit frequently of riding► the same distance for sixpence, and he should be ♦ery glad to have the question settled by measurement. He should, how ever, be happy to pay the money to the cabman, and remunerate him for his loss of time. He could then have the distance measured without further troubling him. It was suggested by the ma,gistrate th at the better course would be to deposit ss, each, and have the ground measured before the cabman was paid. In pur suance of this suggestion the distance Was measured, and proved to be 90 yards over the mile, THAMES.—Lewis Coiran and Fanny Cowan, his wife, a respectable young couple, were charged with Nelsen-street, stealing a silver watch, hair guard, and gsotpli,elit3y, wher.ey, in the dwelling-house, No. 6, they are lodging. Mrs. Thompson, the prisoners' k sa ey id w he e r rea thus band's sil ver w atch, to which a g , u la a n rd dl a a n d d y, usual place at 11 morn ing. Sh e l ast saw t h e wa t c h in its of the mor n tached, wa s hanging up in the kitchen on Friday o'cl oc k. Sh e went out tw i ce i n the coursee of her single ing, and on th e secon d occas i on me t on young teen lodgers, nam e d Campbell, who had a fur nished room, and pa r t o ok of his meals in the kitche n, coming in a s s h e went out. At 3 o'clock she missed watch. Sh e did not mention her loss to any one until her h us b an d came home at half-past Sin the evening, the i l and then suspicion fell on the prisoners, who were at home Use greater part of the day, and went out before her husband came home. The witness was cross-examined by Mr. Daniel for the prisoners, and she could not assign a reason for sus• pecting the prisoners instead of the single young man todger. The witness was under examination a long -, and the time of the court was wasted, for the real t' me, co " nl et Vas pointed out in court before Mrs. Thompson m in r. en eecl ,, liier evidence. produced th :v, assistant to Mr. Woods, pawnbroker, alluded to by 1N,I; of th e pri,on:ateh, and it was not pawned by either but and the single young man lodger Mr. Yardley in court. B. Th ompson, pr son,anit:ltiwiehiropmlahcee.pointed out single young the prisoners. manDliosdch r s net a tittle of evidence against Henry Campbell, 2ao,g standt ern instantly, and lot the scribed himself as a casernakerth" arraigned, and de , Before the case ainst him. proceeded, wlir. Cowan (of the firm of Cowanw and Bral the City, complained that his on had i')eteer-Tivoofers in custody the doe ;r a o d n a t a i en most of ri aee c d h i a h r gae felon a Indas :31 ic,F,n!;.,ne he had stood for the last half-hour. traveller, in the receipt of a :mines. per day, t r s i e,• \ ,:j a e s big penses, and was an honest and respectable youn naseTzl , He was very indignant that his son should have be placed in such a disgraceful position. Mr. Yardley —I don't wonder, sir, at your indin • tion ; I m us t say yoar son and his wife are entirely exoa nerated, and ought not to have been given into custody. Mr. Crawley said the watch was pawned for li. on ' I Friday afternoon. He thought the prisoner Campbell was the man who pawned it. • Police-constable Lovell, No. 345, li, said he had just searched the prisoner and found 17s. 6d. upon him. Mr. Yardley—l shall remand this young man until i Thursday next. r OF SOllOO THE SUN LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1, 1855. CO.II;IIERCIAL TRAVELLERS' SCHOOL On Saturday evening the annual dinner in aid of the Commercial Travellers' School took place at the London Tavern. About two hundred gentlemen were present. Mr. Charles Dickens was in the chair ; and amongst the other guests were Messrs. Albert Smith, P. Cunning ham, and Horace Mayhew. After the usual loyal toasts had been duly honoured, The CHAIRMAN proposed the toast of the evening, " Success to the Commercial Travellers' School." Ile said that he thought it might be assumed that most of those present knew something about travelling—he did not mean travelling in distant regions and foreign coun tries, though he dared say some of them had associations connected with that—but about travelling within the limits of the - United Kingdom. He dared say most of them had had their experience of extinct fast coaches— Quicksilvers, Taglienis, Tally-hoe, Telegraphs, and what not ; that they had "heard the chimes at midnight" in postchaises, and driven gigs along interminable roads, through slush and darkness, into little country towns with no visible population except half-a-dozen smock frocks smoking pipes under the lee of the Town-hall, half-a-dozen shining umbrellas, as many pairs of wet legs, and a washed out dog or two. (Laughter.) They could all, he had no doubt, if so minded, dieceurse about their recollections of the Talbot, the King's Head, the Royal, or the Lion of those days. They had all been to that room on the ground floor, on one side of that inn yard, not quite free from a certain fragrance of tobacco, where the cruets on the sideboard were obscured by a collection of great coats hanging from the wall ; where driving seats waylaid them at every turn like humane mantraps ; where that county member, framed and glazed, was continually presenting that petition which had somehow made bin, glorious in the county, though nothing else had ever come of it ; where the book of reads always wanted the first and last dozen pages ; and where some man who had arrived alone at some unholy hour of the night, known only to the nearest turnpike man and the porter, was eternally having breakfast by himself at any period of the day. (Applause.) He had no doubt they could all, if they would, be very eloquent upon the charms of their favourite hotel—its bar, its stables, its ♦ast amount of posting, its enormous cheeses, its head waiter, its capital idea of pigeon-pie, its 1820 port, their chaste and innocent admiration of its land lady, and possibly their fraternal regard for its chamber maid. (A pplause and laughter) A celebrated drama tic critic once wrote of a famous actress, renowned for her virtue and beauty, that she "gave one the idea of being elegantly gatherable to one's arms." Perhaps some of those present i❑ their time might, in a perfectly ho nourable and irreproachable way, have a similar mental tribute to the ladies associated with the administration of their favourite inns. (Laughter.) With the travel ling characteristics of later times they were equally familiar. They knew all about that station to which they had taken their ticket, although they had ■ever been there. They knew that if they arrived at it after dark they should find it a mile and a half from the town —the old road abolished, and the new road only go ing to be made—half the neighbourhood pulled down, and the other half net yet built up. They knew all about tha; porter on the platform, who, with the best intentien in the world, could do nothing parti cularly efficacious in regard to their luggage, except look at it with a bell in his hand—about that particularly short omnibus out in the dark which brought one ♦io lently up by the crown of one's head, and about that "fly" which was never there. They knew how instantly the whole station would disappear when the train had gone away. They knew all about that long bewilder ing grope in the dark to the "New Railway Hotel," which would be a capital hotel when the custom came, but which at present had nothing particular to offer in place of refreshment except a liberal smell of damp mor tar and new lime. (Laughter.) He recalled these little incidents ofhorne travel as an introduction to the main object of their assembling. Every traveller who had a house of his own learned from his wanderings to prize it the more in the intervals of his return to it ; if he had no home, he learned the same lesson unselfishly in re gard to the homes •f other people. Therefore, one might be prepared to learn that commercial travellers as a body knew how to prize the domestic relations from which their pursuits so frequently severed them ; but nothing could be more delighteul, more generous, or more convincing testimony of this than their founding and maintaining the school for the children of deceased and necessitous members of their body which now appealed to the assembly in mute but eloquent language from the gallery. [The children of the school had been sta tioned in the gallery at the lower end of the room,] It was to support that school that they were met that night. It was to roof in the building which wan to shelter and comfort the children of deceased aid decayed friends that their active sympathy and exertions were now !soli cited. They knew how to put their hands to the plough, for he was informed that they last year raised fur these schools no less a sum than 8,0001., and that while one-half of that sum consisted of new donations, the annual suhecriptions for the support of the school were only diminished by the nominal sum of 301. He would net urge upon them the casualties of life and travel, the vicissitudes of business, the claims of friend ship, and the bond of brotherhood which there ought always to be among men united in one common pursuit. They had already recognised these considerations so nobly that he would not presume to lay them before them. Suffice it to say that lie did not believe it was in their nature to do things by halves ; he did not think they could dis so if they tried, and he had a moral cer tainty that they would never try. To those who were nut members of the cumtnorcial cllcre body, he would whi-per the adage, " Heaven helps those who help themselves." The commereial travellers having been true to themselves, it was clear to him that their visitors and supporters came there as a sort of accredited celestial re presentatives--no doubt with that aid in their pockets which the precept taught them to expect. (Applause.) The toast was drunk with much enthusiasm, after which the children of the school, who were in the gallery, sang a ♦ocal piece, and then walked through the room. Mr. ROBEUTS proposed "The health of the Chairman, which was duly honoured. The CHAIRitAN briefly acknowledged the toast, and proposed the health of Mr. Geo. More, the treasurer of the school fund." Mr. MOORE, in responding, stated that he had on the previous day obtained 150 anneal subseriptious in Man chester. Ho hoped the institution would be opened, free from debt, in June next. A list of subscriptions was then read, amounting to about 8004. The CilAram,lN proposed " The healths of Messrs. Albert Smith, Peter Cunningham, and Horace Mayhew." So many travellers had recently gone up Mont Blanc, either in fact or is fiction, so that he had had pro. posals for the formation of a company to employ Sir Joseph Paxton to take it down— (laughter) —but only one traveller had been able to bring Mont Blanc into Piccadilly, and to make the ascent so easy that the most timid lady might undertake it without danger or fatigue. Mr. Albert Smith was undoubtedly a traveller ; and though he (tire chairman) did not know that he took many orders, yet be could testify, on behalf of the chil dren of his friends, that he 'mai most liberal in giving them. Mr. Peter Cunningham was a traveller, not only in right of having edited Goldsmith's " Traveller," and of ether works, but also in right of that ad►nirable handbook which proved to have been a traveller in the right spirit through the labyrinths of London. They had also among them his friend Mr. Horace Mayhew, well known for his books of lively social adventure, arid he therefore proposed that they should drink the healths of these three gentlemen. The toast having been duly honoured, Mr. Smith sang "Galignani's Messenger," and Messrs. Cunningham and Mayhew briefly returned thanks. Several other toasts were drank, the list concluding, as usual, with " The Ladies ;" and the proceedings did not terminate until a late hour. EXTRAORDINARY CIIARGE OF FORGE RY. The magistrates of Hertford were engaged on Friday in investigating a charge against Mrs. Easily Harriet Geraldine Morris, described in the Hertford Mercury (out authority for the present report) as tie wife of Mr, Wm. Morris, of the Stock Exchange, and of Willow hall, East Barnet, of having forged the acceptance of her husband to a bill of exchange for 1,5001. Mr. Cooper, the barrister, was for the prosecution, and Mr. Huddlestone for the prisoner. It appeared that the prisoner married, in 1341, a lad of seventeen, the son of an eminent printer in London, but in consequence of the unhappy character of the union, the parties were separated, arid a divorce from bed and board obtained in anycclosiastical suit . ; the pro ceedings had, however, never been co far complete as to enable her to marry again. Notwithstanding this, she, in the year 1846, married Mr. William Morris. In 1853 that gentleman took Willen Hall, East Barnet, and engaged with Messrs. Duppa and Collins, of Oxford-street, to fit and decorate the place, and the prosecutor in this case, Mr. Arthur David Owen, their principal manager, went down to superintend tho work at Willen Hall, when an intimacy sprang up be tween him and the prisoner, she, to use his own words, making love to him first. The work was completed in December, 1853, and after that prosecutor upon a good many occasions visited the prisoner during the absence of Mr. Morris. In February, 1854, prosecutor received a letter of which the following is a copy :—" You can do me a great service ; I believe you will. It is in a way which bad better not be written about. lam hero all alone every day till four or five o'clock ; can you come down, or, rather, will you come down S The best way will be to take a cab. God bless youI—HARRIET. The prosecutor went down and saw the prisoner, who asked him to lead her a large snm of money upon property, which she said was settled upon her at her marriage. This he declined ; and she then asked if he would cash a note of hand, signed by her husband. H e sa id h e wou ld, as h e thought her husband quite safe ; but, as ho could not find the money him self, should like some collateral security. She said she would place in his hands her diamonds, which were worth 3,000/. To this he assented, and took the note and jewels, which slis sealed up, and said were not to be opened until the bill was taken up ; and, after de ducting 4001. as interest for the six months of its date, handed her over 1,1001. From something that subse quently transpired he opened the jewel case, and found the whole to be paste and imitation of the most worth less description. He subsequently took proceedings upon the bill against Mr. Morris, who repudiated the claim, and swore that the signature was a forgery, and not the least like his handwriting. Under these circum stances a warrant was placed in the hands of Forrester, and the lady, who had absconded, was, during the weak, apprehended in Paris, and brought over here upon the charge of forgery. The bench, having heard the evidence, committed her for trial, expressing their readiness to take bail—the prisoner in 2 1 00/, and two aureties in IMO?, each. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN AND GREAT WESTERN. It appears that the agreement between these coin panics for putting an end to competition on their lines was signed by the chairmen of both companies on the 14th ult., and comes into operation to-day. The agree ment stipulates that the fares, rates, and charges for every description of traffic shall be the same on both lines, between the same places or towns to which both companies are competitors for traffic, whether alone over their own railway, or elsewhere in alliance, by through booking or otherwise, with the other companies or per sons over any other lines of railway, or by any other means, to or from places beyond their own railways. The fares, rates, and charges between all such places shall be fixed from time to time by mutual agreement, or, in case of difference, by a third person previously selected. The rates of goods inolude collection and delivery by the companies or their agents within specified districts, and the :eduction to be made for collection and delivery shall be defined, and be the same for both companie , . No special rates or time bargains shall be made without mutual consent. No reduction is to be made, directly or irArectly, from the fares and charges by way of dis count or allowance, nor by season return tickets, or ex cursion tickets available by regular trains, nor by re booking intermediately or otherwise. The third-class trains shall be agreed on, and there shall be no increase of third-class accommodation beyond that necessary for the requirements of the several districts. In case of difference the matter is to be subject to the decision of the referee. The scale of excursion fares shall be fixed by agreement, or by the referee in case of difference. Each company is to be held responsible for all acts of its respective agents in relation to its traffic arrange ment., rates, and conditions of the agreement. should either company desire to alter any rate or fare it is to give five clear days' notice (Sundays excepted) in writing to the other, at the London stations of the companies, and failing acceptance of the proposed change after three clear days from the day of notice, it may then give notice to refer the matter to the referee, who shall forthwith decide the question, upon hearing the ♦iews of both from one person on behalf of each corn pally. Provision is also made for any violation of the agreement, in which case, should the referee determine that the violation of the agreement had been intention ally made by the company, its servants or agents, a penalty of seven times the amount of the particular fare or freight improperly charged, or, in other respects of violation, a penalty of such amount as the referee shall determine shall be paid to the aggrieved company. The agreement is for three months certain, and to continuo until determined by notice in writing of ono month on either side. DUNDEE AND ARBROATH. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Wednesday at Dundee ; Mr. G. Armistead in the chair. The report stated that a balance of 5551. was brought from last account and added to the gross revenue of 14,5401., making 15,9851. From this was deducted 6,8041. for working expenses, and 1,2891. for rates and taxes, leaving 6,9921., out of which 6351. was deflected for relaying a portion if the line, 6371. for interest o❑ loans, and 1,667/. for dividend on the 5 per cent. guaran teed stock, leaving a surplus of 4.0511. The director. recommended a dividend on the 251. shares at the rate of 2 per cent, per annum for the half-year, amounting to 3,0001., and leaving 1,0511. to be carried to the next Account. There was a decrease in the receipt. as com pared with the corresponding period of last year of 6161., and in the working expense. of 1721. The goods traffic between Dundee, and the Edinburgh, Perth, and Dundee line via Broughty Ferry, bad been withdrawn, and a decrease in the revenue was the consequence. This decrease, however, had to some extent been compensated by an improvement in the receipts for passengers and general goods traffic. The E rectors were gradually removing the original rails, chairs, and sleepers, &c., of the main line, and replacing them with new arid substantial rails, &c. The amount taken out of current revenue for this purpose was equal to 12s. 6d. per cent, upon all the ordinary stick of the company. The revenue since the 31st of October showed an increase over the corresponding period of last year of 1061. A joint working arrangement had been entered into with the Aberdeen Railway Company, whereby this company's new goods station at Arbroath and the Aberdeen goods station there are thrown into one, and worked as a joint station for both companies. This arrangement came into operation on the let of De cember, and would be the means of reducing the work ing expenses. The new railway between the main line and the Carmyllie district would be opened for traffic about the end of January. The CIAIRMAN moved that the report be adopted, and that a dividend at the rate of 3 per cent, per annum be declared for the half year. Mr. WHITSON said they must endeavour to prevent the depreciation of their affairs, and it was probable that at the next meeting he should bring under their consi deration the propriety of devolping the traffic even en Sundays, instead of having it swept away by the boats. He did not see why they should not afford the same facilities on their line as those between London and Brighton—places in which there was as much intelli gence and as much divinity as at Dundee or Arbroath. Mr. FORREST complained that the accounts did not show how all the money had been expended. There ap peared a deficiency in the revenue account of 9221. Within three years 50,0001. of additional capital had been expended on the line, being about 3,0001. per mile, mud n I.lge increase in the train,: would be required to render the outlay profitable. He concluded by moving an amendment, to the effect that a committee of investi gation be appointed to consider and report on the affairs of the company. The CHAPMAN said, the ledger was open to any share holder who chose to examine it. He had no objection to the appointment of a committee. A long discussion ensued, in the course of which it was stated that 6,0001. would be required for relaying the line, 6,600/, for a new station, and 3,0001. for sun dries, making together 15,0001., which would enable them to close the capital at about 318,0001. Mr. FORREST withdrew his amendment, and the mo tion of the chairman was carried unanimously. MIDLAND GREAT WESTERN. A special meeting of this company was held on Thurs. day, at Dublin, to consider the propriety of introducing a bill in Parliament fcr enabling the company to make branch railways from Longford to Strokestnwn, and from Athenry to Tuam ; Mr. J. Ennis in the chair. The CHAIIIIIAN stated that the object of the meeting was to obtain the opinion of the sharehalders on the question of extensions. There was a difference of opinio❑ among the members of the board on the subject of pro oeeding with the project. He moved, as a matter of form, that the application to Parliament be approved, which was seconded. An amendment was proposed to the effect that, in consequence of the present circumstances of the country , and the prospects of the money-market, it is not pru dent to proceed further with the extentions to Strokes town and to Tuam ; but that a railway into the county of Mayo ought to be undertaken by this company as scon as the counties of Roscommon and Mayo shall agree as to the best course for such a line, and the state of the money-market shall render it practicable. After some observations from Lord TALBOT DE MALI WIDE and Mr. HONE, the amendment was carried, anal the meeting separated. BAGEN.A.LSTOWN AND WEXFORD. The ceremony of cutting the first sod on this line took place on Thursday at the village of Borris, on the estate of Mr. A. Kavanagh. Lady H. Kavanagh performed the ceremony of cutting the first sod amid considerable applause. The directors and a large number of persons locally interested were present. The line will run for a distance of 14 miles through the property of Mr. Ka vanagh, who has placed the requisite land at the disposal of the company, on most favourable terms to the latter. It is expected that the line will confer a great benefit on the district, which it appears is rich in agricultural pro duce, and at the same time be remunerative to the shareholders. NORTH- EASTERN. The tramhopo Tunnel on the Leeds northern portion of the above company's undertaking is to be re-opened for traffic to-day. The tunnel is 24- miles in length, and owing to tke falling i❑ of a portion of the roof o❑ a pas senger train in September last, it has been undergoing careful repairs for nearly three months. It is now be lieved to be perfectly safe, having been carefully ex amined and repaired. PEOTOGRAPHY AN AID TO ADMIN . - IMITATION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE. Mr. J. A. Gardiner, the Governor of the Bristol Gaol, kw; just addressed a circular letter to the Gover nors of others •f her Majesty's gaols in the United Kingdom, in which he states : " The advantages which I have myself seen derived from the use of photography as an aid to the adminis tration of criminal justice are such that I am induced to make an effort to procure its general adoption through. out the kingdom. " The importance of being enabled in the cases of all hardened criminals to prove previous convictions must be too self-evident to dwell upon ; neither does it require argument to show that the difficulties hitherto in the way such proofs have been always numerous and often insurmountable. " When the convict has been sent back for a second time to the same gaol the required evidence has been easily procurable, but it is well known to all who have been concerned in criminal administration that the most cunning, the most skilled, and the most daring offend ers are migratory in their habits ; that they do not locate themselves in a particular town or district, but extend their ravages to wherever there is the most open field for crime, or where the chances of plunder moat present themselves ; that this is the case will be attested by the police of almost every large city, whose experi ence will have failed to convect the most extensive and best - planned robberies with their resident known thieves. "A knowledge of the foregoing truths induced me a few years ago to desiderata some mode by which de scriptions of committed prisoners suspected of previous convictions might be circulated among the governors of leading gaols, but numerous difficulties at first presented themselves ; periodical visits of inspection might be useful, but they would have two great disadvantages— first, they would withdraw the governor or confidential officer too frequently from hie gaol duties ; and, secondly, they would entail expenses which the counties could not bear. Written descriptions, in very marked cases, might be effective ; but, as in the great majority of instances it would belound impossible to make theta sufficiently pre cis., they would only tend, where porous were omit to identify, to frequent disappointments and useless ex. pense._ " Photography then suggested itself to my mind, and it became at once apparent that if I could devise some means of making the operation sufficiently sudden, I might, in scores of cases, even without the knowledge of the prisoner, procure his likeness, a ♦ery icon of himself, of which, being capable of multiplication to any extent, I might transmit a copy to wherever it might promise to lead to useful results. "Twelve months continuous study of the system has enabled rue to perfect it. I have now an apparatus in my gaol which I use daily. I have rendered it mast sub servient to the object for which it was designed, and through its use have brought to justice several hardened offenders who, being unknown in my neighbourhood, would otherwise have escaped with inadequate punish meat. "J. H. came into the Bristol gaol upon commitment for trial a perfect stranger to ma and my officers ; he was well attired, but very illiterate ; the state of his hands convinced me that he had not done any hard work, while the superiority of his apparel over his at tainments led me to suspect that he was a practised Ohl. I forwarded his likeness to several places, and soon received information that he had been convicted in London and Dublin. The London officer who recog nised him by his portrait was subpcenaed as a witness, picked him out from 30 or 40 other prisoners, and gave evidence en his trial in October last which led the Re corder to sentence him to six years' penal servitude. "J. D. came to the gaol wholly unknown ; 114 s per son and manners induced me to suspect that it was not his first appearance in a place of confinement ; and, having made several copies of his portriat, I sent them round to the governors of different prisons. He was recognised as having been convicted at Wells ; the neces sary witness was subpcenaed, his former conviction proved, and he was sentenced to four -years' penal servitude. "I could mention several instances in which some most notorious thieves, strangers to this part, have been brought to proper punishment. " Such having been my own experience, I now appeal to the governors of other gaols to aid me in carrying out the system upon a broad and a national scale. The cost of an apparatus complete will not exceed 101., and it may be worked at an expense of about 51. per annum. " I have only to add my wish that you should bring this communication under the notice of your visiting , justices, and to say, should the authorities of any dis trict consider that I can help them, by instructing their officers in the exercise of this most useful art, I shall be happy to do so." THE NEW MiTROPOLITAXUTTLE MARKET. Yesterday Mr. H. L. Taylor, the chairman of the Markets Improvement Committee of the Corporation, in company with Deputies Holt and Obbard, and Messrs. De Jersey, Symonds, Grimwarde, Pead, Rowley, and Symonds', members of the committee, visited the new Metropolitau Cattle Market, at Copenhagen fields, for the purpose of examining the progress of the works. This visit was understood to be the last which will be made by the committee for this purpose, prior to the final opening of the market, which, if nothing super venes, ►t is intended to open on Thursday, the 25th of January, 1855. Daily, since our last notice, the hun dreds of men engaged have been actively employed. The licensed houses are nearly ready for fitting up, and will shortly be occupied ; but the two taverns, the City Arms and the Queen's Arms, which are very extensive structures, are approaching completion, though, as yet, a long way from being fif for habitation. The major part of the pens and rails are finished, and the banking houses are ready for the garniture of such establish ments. The slaughter-houses, public and private, are ready for letting, and the small experimental but ex ceedingly neat "dead-meat market" only awaits the fitting up of the iron rods and hooks upon which the carcasses will be hung. The major part of the paving is completed, and the market now appears, as a whole, really worthy of the great corporation under the aus pices of which it has been erected, and sufficiently capa cious for the wants of upwards of two millions of the meat-consuming population of this vast metropolis, space being on all sides preserved for a very consider. able extension, if required at any future period. LEAF FROM LLOYD'S LIST. An interesting tabelar return has just been published in Lloyd's List of the casualties to shipping reported to Lloyd's during the month of January last. They are thus classified :—Vessels totally wrecked, 145 ; part of cargo saved, 12; whole or nearly so of cargo s•.ved, 3; sunk, 32 ; raised, 6 ; abandoned and lost, 42 ; ships re covered after being abandoned, 6 ; stranded, whose sub sequent fate was not reported, 155 ; stranded, but after wards got off, 179 ; ships got off with loss of part cargo, 5 ; missing, 10 ; condemned after striking, Sze., 5 ; con demned from other causes, 4 ; ships touching the ground and sustaining trifling damage, 6 ; total casualties, 610. What a fearful list of disasters for a period of only one month. It will be observed that no return has been made of the sacrifice of life on these occasions. We believe, however, that we are within the mark when we ;tate that probably 1,000 persons have perished from these accidents. But no account is rendered to Lloyd's of the frequent disasters to boats and their crews which happen to those individuals who are compelled, in some way or another, to seek a livelihood on the borders of the sea. Although we cannot subscribe to the dogma that, by increased nautical skill, and the continued improvement of ship-building, sea and land travelling could be brought to the same degree of security— for it is not in the power of man to control the stormy elements—yet we do be lieve that by the diligent cultivation of these sciences, shipwrecks could be very materially lessened ; and we trust that, when the excellent clauses of the new Mer chant Shipping Act will be brought into full operation, disasters at sea, as far as English ships are concerned, will be considerably less numerous than unfortunately they are at present.—From the Journal of the National Life boat Institution for January. RUSSIAN CONSCRIPTS. A foreigner in St. Petersburg informed me that he had "gone to see the recruits that morning, but there did not seem to be much patriotism among them ; there were nothing but sobs and tears to be seen among those who were pronounc e d fit f or serv ice, whilst the rejected ones were frantic with delight, and bowed and crossed themselves with the greatest gratitude. The most dim. tressing scenes may be seen in the streets, among the bands of recruits—they, their mothers and sisters, or wives, all weeping together as they walk along; for the women, with innate tenderness, accompany them for many miles out of the town, unwilling, until the very last moment, to bid the objects of their affection adieu for ever; whilst the latter , in ent er i ng th e R uss i an army, like the condemned in Dante' s "I n f erno, " leave all hope behind. Desertions are, of c ourse, extremely frequent ; and since the commencement of the war th ey are fif ty times multiplied. if one may judge from the numerous groups of miserable wretches, heavily chained, met with almost hourly in the streets of St. Petersburg. lam sure it was en oug h to make one ' s heart ache with sorrow and irdignati on to look on their grief-stricken faces and thin figures, which seemed as if they had been wandering with the wolves in th e w ild erness, to escape from the cruelty of their fellow-men. Once or twice I met a group even more horrible than these. Several soldiers with fixed bayonets were walking on each side of a droshky, on which was seated one of their comrades, holding in his arms what was certainly the corpse of some un happy deserter who had just received the punishment for his fault, his head shaking listlessly from side to sides and his arms hanging straight and rigid, the living shadow of death on his sharp and painful features, show ing that the heavy lash had at last relieved him from his misery. In looking round on the broad streets of the capital, and seeing in contrast with so much suffer ing and misfortune the gaudy carriages of the nobles, and their gaily-dressed occupants, who seemed so wholly busied in the pursuit of pleasure that they could not spare a single moment to reflect on the unhappiness of their fellow-creatures. I was often tempted to ask myself whether, if entreaty were made, as in times of old, "to spare the city for ten's sake," the domes and towers of St. Petersburg would still stand to cast their shadow on the earth ? No one can have any idea of the effect on the population these continual conscriptions produce unless he has seen it. When we were leaving the country we passed through nearly 1,200 vents of Russian and Polish land ; excepting recruits, we scarcely saw a young man in any of the villages, There were only very old peasants with the women and children ; even young lads were drawn away, and the chausdee, or post-roads, were all being mended by women and girls.—The Engl i shwoman in Russia. [ADVERTISTIMZNT.]—TIEWAZ IN THZ EAST. —PowsaeuL PAM? 1/SCONNOITRINO GLAGGBS.— SIGHT AND HEARING..—Messrs. S. and B. Solomon., opticians, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Ob serve—opposite the York Hotel. Nerdy-constructed Spectacle Lenses of the greatest transparent power. The valuable advan tage derived from this invention is, that vision becoming im paired is preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to employ their sight at the most minute occupation —can see with those lenses of a much less mag nifying power—and they do not require the frequent changes to the dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Deaf ness—New Discovery. —The Organic Vibrator, an extraordi nary powerful, small, newly-invented instrument for deafness, entirely different from all others, to surpass anything of the kind that has been, or probably ever can be, produced. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not perceptible ; it enables deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and at public assemblies ; the unpleasant sensation of siaging noises in the ears is entirely removed ; and it affords all the assist ance that possibly could be desired. ' By her Majesty's Roya Letters Patent for valuable and extraordinary improvements in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Race course, Opera, and Perspective Glasses, to know the distances of objects viewed through them—of great importance to tho army, navy, and others. These telescopes possess such extra ordinary powers that some 3 inches, with an extra eye piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's ring, and the double stars; with the same telescope can be seen a person'S countenance three miles and a half distant, and an object from 16 to 20 miles. They are of larger and all sizes, with increasing powers accordingly ; while their vary ing from 4 to 6 inches enab'e us to discover more than the above and the Geo rg i an, w i t h h i s 6 sa t e llit es , & c .—Th e R oya l Exhibition, 1851 . —Valuable, newly-invented, very small, powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen and known 1 miles distant ; they answer every purpose on the race-course, and at the opera houses, country scenery, and ships are clearly seen at 8 to 10 miles They are invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to gamekeepers, and t our i sts. Opera, race-course, gentlemen, , cam p, and perspective glasses, with wonderful power.-39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe —oppo site the York Hotel. death of Michael Leary, a labourer, by inducing him to drink chloride of zinc for ale. It appeared that the deceased had been some time suf fering from the effects of the pernicious dose. In the course of the last week his condition became much worse, and Me death being evidently near at hand, the magistrate went and took his dying statement. The following was his deposition :—" To the best of my knowledge, about feur months ago, I was at work with the prisoner, and was his labourer. We were at work in the back yard of Mr. Brain, the leather cutter in Powis.street, Woolwich. The man had been at work at the closet. We were going to another job, and the prisoner says to me—'l have had some gin this morning, and there's some ale in the bottle that stands by the fence.' The bottle was standing by the fence. No other bottle was there. I went back to the bottle. When he told me there was ale in it, I said, 'ls there ?' and he said I might as well go and have some. I went and found the bottle, and put it to my mouth. It kept burning me. I think I took about a mouthful. It slipped down in spite of me. I went back to where he was, and said to him, There is oil or something in the bottle that has poisoned me.' He said, What ! walk along, that will work off.' He sail, It's a bad job ; why didn't you smell it ?' He didn't say that there was another bottle, or that it was a mistake. I have been suffering from it ever since." The officer, 67 R, who was in charge of the case, in formed the magistrate that Leary died on Friday. The chloride of zinc was kept on the premises for deodorising purposes: workman was called, who stated that there was no alo in a bottle about the place. Mr. Traill said he should remand the prisener until the result of the coroner's inquest was known. A post-mortem examination of the body would be made. HOPE v. HOPE. The Tribunal of the First Instance of the department of the Seine, under the presidency of M. Debelleyme, has lately been occupied by a suit brought by Mr. Adrian Hope against Mrs. Adrian Hope, calling upon her to give up to him the custody of leis two sons, in conformity with the two orders of the Lord Chancellor made during last year. M. Duvergier, Mr. Hope's advocate, opened the pro ceedings on the 20th ult. The court, after hearing his argument, and the reply of M. Herbert, Hrs. Hope's advocate, as well as M. Duvergier's rejoiner, adjourned the summing np of the Procureur-General and the judgment of the court till that day week. On Wednesday, the 27th, M. Moignon, substitute for the Procureur-General, made his conclusions in the following terms : " You are aware of the situation of the parties in this cause. It is, in fact, most simple. Mrs. Hope is the daughter of General Rapp. She has instituted against her husband a divorce suit before the English Ecclesiastical Court. Before this court has pronounced judgment, Mrs. Hope has further desired to determine the position of two of her children who are tattler her care : she has chosen to have his position decided by the French tribunals. The French tribunals have pronounced on her demand. They have declared that the mother shall retain the cus tody of her two children, but they have added—and several decrees of the court have confirmed this decision -- that the custody of the children thus confided to the mother, should be maint a i ne d only until the competent tribunals should have pronounced. What are the com petent tribunals ? In what character, and to what ex tent have the French tribunals decided ! In the first place the French tribunal has not pronounced as Admi nistrator of the French law. It has decided between foreigners who were not subject to its jurisdiction, and who could not become so. It has, therefore, confined itself within the narrowest limits of the narrowest con ceptiou relating to foreigners residing in France, and with reference to whom measures of protection are neces sary. Such is the character which decisions of the French tribunal must necessarily have in the case of a foreigner. As he is not under cur jurisdiction, we cart not impose a judgment upon him ; the measures which we take with reference to him con only be taken for the purpose of protection. This is so true, especially in the 'natter now before you, that the tribunal and the court have repeatedly said, Our decision will only remain valid until the day when the competent tribunals have decided.' What are the competent tribunals ? Mr. Hope has taken pro ceedings before the Lord Chancellor of England. The Lord Chancellor has decided that the children ought to be given up to their father, because, according to the English law, it is the father who is the guardian, it is the father who is the protector of the children ; and, said the Lord Chancellor in stating the reasons of his decision, there must be very strong grounds before they can be withdraws from this guardianship and protection. The Lord Chancellor, I repeat, has decided that the children should be restored to their father. This first decision required to be rendered executory, and it was indispensable, then, to submit it to you. You have been called upon to give your opinion, and you have refused to order the execution of the sentence of the Lord Chancellor, because it has appeared to you *pen to appeal, and be cause you were not aware whether in this ease an appeal is or is net suspensive. Reference has bees made to the Lord Chancellor. He has fully explained the juris prudence of his country, and its mode of regarding such questions. He definitively declared that appeal to the House of Lords was net suspensive, and his decison was sovereign and executory, appeal notwithstand ing. Moreover, turning to the bar, he said, Speak ing before an English bar, I need not enter further into tilo pl,oklun, nee:time every one knows here that my decision is sovereign, and that appeal to the House of Lords does not suspend its execution.' After having made this declaration, the Lord:Chancellor comirmed his first sentence, namely, that according to the English law the custody of children belongs to the father, unless there are some grounds for excluding him—that, as no grounds exist against Mr. Hope for depriving him of the exercise of his paternal authority, the children ought to be restored to him. You are now again called upon to carry into effect the decision of the Lord Chan cellor. For our part we do not hesitate to say that we think the execution of the sentence ought to be immedi ately ordered. What is the question for the judge who is called upon to decide on the present application ? He has to consider whether the decision was pronounced by the competent tribunal, whether there is anything in it contrary to the French law, or to public order in France ; finally, whether the judgment referred to him has, in truth, the character of a judgment. As for the competenc e of the tribunal whicn has pronounced, it is incontestible. The English law declares the Lord Chancellor the protector of all minors. Moreover, the Lord Chancellor points out in his decision that the ecclesiastical court is not in this matter disqualified to decide, because— unlike the rule which prevails in our country--that court, called upon to deal with the question of divorce, cannot pronounce on that of the custody of the children. It must confine itself exclusively to the rules and principle s which regu late the special matter submitted to it, namely, the sepa ration de corps, or divorce. There is no room, then, for doubt or dispute. As regards the disposal of the children, it is the Lord Chancellor, and the Lord Chan cellor alone, who represents in England the competent jurisdiction. Has the decision of the Lord Chancellor the character and force of a judgment ? Clearly, y es, since the Lord Chancellor, with the law of his country before him, declares his decision paramount. Fina!ly, is this judgment contrary to the French law! Clearly, no. We have no enactment to the effect that, i n a suit of separation de corps, the children shall neces sarily be given up to the party who institutes the suit. Consequently, there is no obstacle to your im mediately declaring the sentence of the Lord Chan cellor executory, It has, it is true, been said, ' You are: not a registry office ; you do not merely register the decisions of foreign tribunals which are submitted to you ; you pronounce in some sort a new decision, and it is this which ought to prevail.' Whee the question is of property situated in France, I can understand this; but in a case of two foreigners over whom we have no jurisdiction, are we to criticise the judgment which has been pronounced, and to say that the judge has decided wrongly ? Are we to enter into all the details of English law, with which we are unac quainted ? Are we, a Paris tribunal, sitting in Paris, to ainend a decision emanating from an English judge, re biding in England ? When the parties have appeared before the Lord Chancellor, when he has heard both sides fully, when he has been able to appreciate, with a knowledge of the facts, the arguments which each has put forward, are we, et French judge, going to hear the parties anew? Are we to give a hearing, on the mite hand, to Mrs. Hope, who states that her two children are ill, that one is weakly, and that the health of the other is very delicate ; or, on the other, to Mr. Hope, who states, en the contrary, that his children are in good health, and that he will place them in a house where they will be perfectly well eared for ? Are we going to listen to this dispute when the Lord Chancellor has heard the opposite statements of Mr. Hope and his wife ? It is impossible. Each has his duty, his mission, to per form. The English judges decide in England ; we French judges may be contented to decide in France. Te the English authorities belong disputes between English subjects, and when they have pronounced, it is to the French authorities to order the execution of their sen tences, if they are net contrary either to the laws or to the public order of oar country. In the matter before the court the principles have been recognised ; there is nothing hero contrary to our legislation ; all rights are respected ; we think, then, that the court will declare executory the sentence of the Lord Chancellor. I n th e name of Mr. Hope, it is asked that, pending the suit of separation school l de where corps, the t they may le ichildren rec eivemayall be ll the placed ear in swhic : they may require. For our part, we see no inconve nience in this arrangement, and we cannot doubt that the court will give effect to the conclusions of Mr. Hope The President subsequently pronounced judgment to the following effect :—The order of the Lord Chancellor of the sth of August, last year, is declared executory in France. The boys are to 'be placed in some neutral domicile until the definitive decision (viz., in case of ap peal to the Cour Imperiale) to prevent their being with ewn fr o m F rance or P ar i s. A rt i c l es b e l ong i ng to Mrs. t :Pc lathe housc at the Quai d'Orsay are to be returned poranhe.r, The school in w hi c h th e b oys are t o b e te ly , T he rn not defined. ................. 1 ZEPRESUNTATIOI/ OF has taken the field in opposition to Mr. Seymour. In SUNDERLAND. Mr. Fenwick a brief address to the electors, he says gent request of a large numbe r of the electors of the •—"Akt the ur borough, I have consented to couie forward as a candidate to supply the vacancy created by William Digby Seymour becoming a placeman. 111 y political opinions are will known to the electors of Sunderland. They are essentially liberal, and such as all sections of the liberal party may honestly support."—Sitaceerland Times. COUNTIZY MARKETS. HADDINOTON CORI WHEAT. 82s Oct First s,. .lecond Third T MARKET-0' IBARLEY I 01 375 3a 323 , 73s 3d j 34s Ed 60s Od I 30s Od Total quantity of wheat in market, ~, barley 11 oats lf bean, .. 29s Ai 271 643 *l4 700 40.1 526 4 1 1 4 NS q* PP IP AVERAGES PER IMPERIAL QvARTO, Wheat, 3/. 13 3 4-12th s I Barley, ll. 14 ; Oats, ... 11. 9 8 10-12ths I Beans, 21. 7 DALKEITII GRAIN MARKET—PO Qrs. Best. Current. ~ 393 Wheat .........84s 0,1 1602 Oats ..' ........ 31s B,i OO2 0(1 ...."' 995 Barley, ,36: 6(I oos 0(1 ....''' 95 Peas Sc beans Us 0,1 lllos Od ..... '' ABEaDEEN—DEc. 29. The prices of grain to-day are—Oats, C 95 t i 13 lbs per hushel; new oats, 24s 6cl to 253 n bushel ; bere, 31s 01 to 31s 6d, b3lbs per bulT .10s 6d t o 31 a 01, 531bs per bushel ; wheat, rel 61s 01, 6211 i3 per b ushel; wheat, white, 685 tdi:i 62]bi per bushel ; oatmeal, Os to 203 . 04 dcur, :)6s 01 to 53s 01 per sack. Provisions-1 , ;(1 to 81 ; mutton, litto, 61 to 8d ; veal, dill pork. per lb, O s 5 1 to Os ; ealthon, per lb, I ff a Al rabbits, each, 01 t o 0.1 ; tallow, per stone, 55 potatoes, per peck, 81 to Os 9.1 • butter, per 11),_ eggs, per d oz, O s 101 to Os 11(1 ; hens, per PI 3s 6d; chickens, ditto, t!s 01 to 2s 61 ; clucks' to 2s 61 ; ducklings, ditto, 2s 6/ to 45 , 3s 6.1 to 4s 01 ; geese, ditto, 2s 61 to 35 Ili for export a ti on (present cure), per cwt, to ditto (summer cured), 00s to 00s 01 • eggs, IvOsi per dozen, 6d. to 7d ; 41b lo a f, 7cl ' ; 21b fine small, N 01 to Os Od 3 • pork, large, Os r; lamb, per qr., O s t o O s 01; cheese, per lJ' 5s 61 to 7s. SEABORNE MAILS. (N signifies that the mails are sent from the GO'S by the night—and if by the morning —despatch.) COUNTRIES. tmenca(bytirtt.pack)ll imericP (by United Sts Day when rnai - le up in General Post °Mee, London.. packet) America (by U. Statue' packet) ........N Australia (via South. ampton) M Ditto (via Marseilles) Is Ditto (via Cape of 00,1 Hope) •• •••• .• •• ••N' tkiA,“ Weilt CultBt)..,N Alexandria .. ........ N Alexandria ..........]I Bahamas ..... • • • . Belgium. ...• • . ..N Buenos Ayres 04pc of Good Hope ..N Uape of Good Elope ..N , :lape de Vcrds ......N leylon (see Inlia) ttannel Isles ........ N ;hina (sec India) )11vei7 Friday .. *tn. 4 •••• IJan 9 Dec. 4 sad of the month .. 4, '3, 24, & 80 of no. 4th &20th of mon. 17th of the month 9th of the mouth.. 9th of the month.. From id Port Dip ittChfo7 9th of the month Liverpool''' LivezT4°l. Southeollo ton ~Wed.,&Frii, td Ikl7th of montl SouthareP l Dover •J'' Jonstantinople I Jonstantinople ;ont. of Europe M & N Egypt (see India) France M & ,libraltar ... , 4reece (see India) 3reytown ..... M .larnburgh N lavannah ..... H011and............1M I .londuras „M.... India (vlaSouthampt.)M india (via Marseilles)M , lonian Isles (see India) Ireland • •• •• •• 14 & N Lisbon ............ M Madeira AlittiCirEl • • • • • • • • •• • • N vlalta (soe India) Anita ~........N ilauritius (see India) tdanritius .......... N Meatco •• • Naples •........N New Granada ... ..1H New Zealand • • • • • a • • • • Papal states •, Is Peninsula •• ..M. Porn .• ............M Pert Natal N Sicily ~........N Tuscany ............N Venezuela Van Diemen's Land (see Au ttralia) West Indies 4,13,18,23,8c28 oft', 4th & 28th of MOIL ITwice daily ...... Plymouth Dover SouthaelP; 3outbu*:e . Dover 11 0 .;011thainP " Att 4outham , _, Varioellr Twice daily.. .. 1,7, 17, 20, 27 of n, !smiths/at? 2nd & 17th of mon. Tuesday & Friday 2nd of the inontt Daily.. „ „ „ 17th of the month. 4th & 20th of mon. 9tti& 25th of month 7, 17, & 27 of mop Twice daily ..., 7,9, 17, & 27 of m. 9th of the month 23d of month .... iouthariir SvuthanlPl 1. 1 8. & 28 •f mon 14th of the monti. 2nd of the month. bth I sth2sthofmort. 2d & 17 th of month By private skip .. sth I sth 2 5 thofmon. /till 7 th27thofmon. 2cl & 27th of mon By private ship... 5 thl 50125 tholinon.' 15th 15th25 thofmon. 9d & 17th of month 1 Dover .• 3outhatoo Dover ..0' Dorer douthaVta [VI So 17thoi inontt When any of these da spatche I on the followir Southampton), and the I preceding dab. Southiar, London <, South...OP; Dover ? South* ,lll elymoll Dover Dover • ;.; Flolyhe Southall/ 0 7e Soutbitinr o LiverPOO Dover outheta7 Dover ..:;, SouthalliD Varioue Dover .. Southaa l /0 .f.outhanlA Yarioul Fr; Dover DOV . itr_fal SCITAAW., itei fall col a Sunday, the 11 1. 1 ig day, with th e exceptiano4oo lalta, both of which will De WIND AND WEATHER -801: SATUBISI State Of Pr ' Stations. Coarse of Wind. ' Greenwich ... Lothbur W.. ...... y... . ....... Dublin S.W ........ Liverpool 11.1 y head. Bangor S.W Derby Stamford W. ....... M as borough Norman ton S. S. W... Chester field Nottingham Burton-on-Trent S. Leicester S. W ...... Brighton W. Ipswich ' Leeds Lowestoft W. Great Grimsby Boston S . W Yarmouth. N.W Southampton W... ..... Portsmouth Poole Dorchester W......... Bristol W.. .... Plymouth .. . S. Torquay ............ S.W Taunton ............ N .N.W . Bath ............... N.W Gloucester ......... W. Cardiff W. ... Swansea H averford west WW Manchester W. Bradford N.E. Sheffield N.B. Wakefield Carlisle Lancaster Whitehaven Maryport Stoke-on-Trent York Hull ,W,_ . Bridlington Whitby Scarborough Sunderland Berwick Goole Edinburgh Aberdeen S.W.. Perth Forfar Cupar N. W. ' 4 firlinz •reenhill S.W. Duilitire Kirkcaldy Hague Overcast.. Unsettled. it o Fine—Ve r i Cloudy. 'Lain. Cloudy. Cloudy. Fine. Cloudy. Cloudy. Fine. Cloudy. Fine. • Cloudy. , d , Foggy— Co Cloudy. Fine. Fine. Fine. Cloudy. Fine. Fine. Fine. • Fine. Fine. Fine. lJnsettle4. Unsettled. Fine. Fins—Clon Fine. Fine. Windy. Cloudy. Cloudy. W C F l i o nin u ed d : Fine G l° Cloudy. Fine. Cloudy. Fine. Cloudy. Cloudy. Fine. Cloudy. Cloudy. Fine. Very windi' Windy. Fine. Rain. • Rain. ain. Rain. Man. ti at Windy—vs° Rain. Fine. w.. 0. WHAT DOES THIS MEAN I—A letter --°0 26th, in the Uni versa l G erman G azette of I' , fr " The negotiations relative to the tutur* .o ol 1 the Principalities with the Porte will comir.oi Ist January at Constantinople. The propoili l it o upon between the great powers will forio then, and it is thought that they will ril any great objections on the part of Turkey t [A.DVERTISEISENTI—EoIIoway's Ointthon particularly e ffi cacious in curing bad legs.- - t ; letter from Mr. Abram Waterhouse, broil 0 Cardiff, dated May, 1854 :—" ro P ro fessor Sir,—l beg to inform yon that my wife had il,os nearly two years, and after trying every pooP i , s i it was pronounced incurable. Not knowiig I determined on giving your ointment a tri s _ i l 'ii sing had a visible e ff ect en it. I pet-Revere" and in an astonishing short period every 4 bi t healed, and she is enabled to wear her boot, had been prevented doing for some tiro,: Sold by all druggists, and at Professor P a t) establishments, 244, Strand, London, and B ' l lane, New York. / 818T.113. OF ♦ SON. On the2Bth ult., tho lady of Major CaWon H.M. 89th Regiment. OP A DAUGEITIM. On the 29th ult., at 2, Upper George-atreet square, the wife of Theodore Thring, Esq. 01 On the 27th ult., at Kintuck, in the czelfr meath, Ireland, the wife of W. Pollard 'Um M.P. MARRIED. - On the 10th of October, at Lahore, John Sit f i Esq., Bengal C.S., to Ann Lillias, eldest 'laugh'''. Charles Cheape, 51st 8.N.1. On the Mt ult., at St. Peter's Church, Jerte l Lysons Price, Esq., son of Ralph Price, Esq.' haus, Kent, to Louisa Georgina, second datlP late Charles Burlton, Esq., H.M. 41st Re t. eOn the 28th N ov. l ast, at Scutari, of remi ,t "-ili brought on by i ncessant attention to the sick ail. and by exposure on the height s near Sebastopo i ff e r Browne, Esq., surgeon, 95th Regt., aged 31. / 10 panied th e St a ff all through the battle of the' -; was also present at other engagements. O P I On the 2M ult., at St. Andrew's, Fifeshiref kechnie, late of the Royal Staff Corps. On the 22d ult., at Upton Parsonage, Closhi fer Forster Dalton, Esq., aged 90. LONDON : Printed and Published by 311:TitDO of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at 77te Sun 0160 , Strand, in the Precinct of the Sa.iroy, ° Middlesex, Alonclay,lJanary, 1, 1854. 311[ R . Z 4113, 3. 3 b ull " Pat l ' ig A -14TioN ,_The NvA .4te e f 5 Der, win Mel pay" Pam, tlan, 0( u, 11 - 1 1ta NAT t ?...0110] " 0 tent 1 11 ,„lbe 10t ()in ce . and I welt And not ty w - mtety to) • tp,, ) , • jir; l ld a .Itl aitll 44l 7 11) 44414 1 Noti ce., 7.4418. fall Li tz ), ratt on ) 111, tit it o l e Tent c 111T14 tai Profi t , h i etnt Digd: Per Ally la , or ex iittl t ,3,l2ll / 4 1114 b t Tht s ' r ; It ith tb: ° Arld 4 arly P . " ektiteiZe. 4 I. reme' iiiet era. er ti ,Z t all: b ap so h i _ vast the . g re evi t if )l o ;s iu , 1 4ra opor ` a :Pltiz o +tut of a i ttho ot Par a t, Oxrel 1;i 0 0 . 1,4< T errace Pier 4 1i VA • F en . ,char ch Atre, 4x ...,....... 1