The Sun. — London, England, 1855-01-15 00:00:00

NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. About 300 of the crew of the screw steam-ship Nile, '9l, now in dock at Keyham, left Plymouth on Friday, in the steam tender Avon, with 21 days' leave of absence, for Portsmouth, where they will receive their wages. The screw steam -ship Caesar, 91, Capt. Robb, having had her defects made good, moved out of harbour on Wednesday, and anchored in Plymouth Sound. Her • crew were paid wages on Friday. She is now ready for sea, and awaits sailing orders. The Calcutta, 84, Captain Stopford, is ordered to fill "up six months' provisions, complete shot, shell, and stores, and prepare for sea immediately ; she is, how ever, 150 short of complement, and of the men she has the far greater portion of them aie coast guard and re venue men, many of whom have never been to sea in their lives. The Arethusa, 50, Captain Symonds, will be paid off into ordinary, at Devonpeit, this day. Her crew will then have leave, on the expiration of which they will join the other ships in commission. The Sampson, 6, paddle, Captain T. S. Brock, steamed into Portsmouth Harbour on Saturday morning, and took up her berth alongside the Belvidere, receiving hulk. The Geyser, 6, paddle-wheel sloop, Commander Dew, shipped her powder, shell, &c., at Spithead, on Satur day, and is now ready for sailing. The steam-frigate Dragon, 6, Captain IVi!cocks, from Spithead, arrived at Plymouth on Friday, and having landed supernumeraries for the Cmsar and Calcutta, left the same evening for Pembroke, to assist in navigat ing the new Royal yacht to Portsmouth. The steam-vessel Janus, from Sheerness, arrived at Plymouth on Friday, with men on leave from the steamers Amphion and Desperate. The Avon, tender, Master Commander Veitch, came into Portsmouth Harbour on Friday evening from De vonport, with supernumeraries, and left again on Satur day morning, returning with others. APPOINTMENTS. Lieutenant John A. Perry (1854), to the Imperieuse, 51, screw steam-frigate at Portsmouth. Surgeon Jason Lardner (1838), to the Orion, 91, screw steam-ship, at Sheerness. Paymasters—Robert Loney (1840), borne on the books of the Fisgarul flag-ship at Woolwich, for service in the hydrographical department, to the Orion, 91, screw steam-ship at Sheerness ; James Biggs (1849), from the Conway flag-ship at Cork, to the Himalaya screw steam troop-ship at Portsmouth ; Robert H. Bullen (1852) from the Victory flag-ship at Portsmouth, to the Conway, vice Biggs. Clerk Charles Fisher (1852), recently serving in the Hecla paddle-wheel steam-sloop on the Mediterranean and Black Sea station, to the Orion, 91, screw steam ship at Sheerness. . Clerks' Assistants—Hamilton N. Cole and Charles D. Lee, to the Orion ; John B. Adam, to the Duke of Wellington, 131, screw steam-ship at Portsmouth • Edmund M. Russell, to the Melamp us , 42, s t ore - s hiP at Sheerness. ARRIVAL OF THE MALACCA. AT GIBRALTAR By the arrival of the steam-ship Madrid at South ampton yesterday we have dates from Gibraltar to the 4th inst. Her Majesty's screw steam-sloop Malacca, five days from Plymouth, bound to the Crimea, arrived on the 2d inst. She had on board the sth company of the 7th battalion of the Royal Artillery and a quantity of clothing and other stores. The steam•transport Oscar put into Gibraltar on the 3d, last from Falmouth, with munitions of war for the Crimea. Her Majesty's steamer Gorgon, 9 days Portsmouth, with a detachment of the Rifle Brigade for Balaklava, touched at Gibraltar on the 31st ult., on her way to the Black Sea. MAIL FOR THE CRIMEA. A mail for the army in the Crimea, Greece, the hospi tal at Scutari, Constantinople, and the fleet in the Black Sea will be forwarded from the General Post-office through France this evening. The postage must be paid in advance. THE SAMPSON. The Sampson, 6, paddle-wheel steam-frigate, steamed into Portsmouth harbour on Saturday morning, from Spithead, to have a thorough overhauling and refit. We fully published the disasters which befel her in the gale of the 14th of November', as soon as the details reached England. She brought home a fine Circassian bear, about seven months old, which has been named Nicholas, after the Emperor; she also brought home and landed on Saturday a very fine oil painting, a por trait of the Czar, captured at Yalta. THE TRANSPORT SERVICE. Fifty casks of coffee are being roasted at the Royal William Victualling•yard, Plymouth, for shipment to the Crimea. The new iron screw-steamer Canadian, belonging to the Canadian Steam Company, having been fitted at Liverpool as a troop-ship, will leave that port to-morrow for Woolwich, where she will embark 800 men (probably Artillery) and stores for the Crimea. The iron screw-steamer Imporador, belonging to the South American Company, is being fitted at Liverpool for the conveyance of troops ; and the Irish steamer Telegraph is under survey at the same port. The screw-steamer Bahiana, belonging to the South American and General Steam Navigation Company, still remains at anchor in the Mersey (Liverpool) await ing the arrival at that port of the main body of the 82d Regiment, which halted at Preston, on their way from Edinburgh, in consequence of the outbreak of smallpox. The disease has almost entirely disappeared, and the troops are in a condition to proceed to Liverpool, where they may be expected this week. The sailing ship Velez will leave Liverpool to-morrow with a cargo of hay for the Crimea. MISCELLA.NEOUO. Captain and Adjutant Henry, of the Royal Horse Artillery, has left Woolwich for the Crimea, having been appointed Brigade-Major at the seat of war, vice Adye, promoted to be Lieutenant -Colonel. The following is an extract of a letter from the Crimea, respecting Captain Frampton, of the 50th, who was stated to be missing :—" I have just this instant heard that Captain Frampton, one of the missing officers, has since turned up." The Sardinian flag was hoisted half-mast high yester day at the Consulate house, Portsmouth, Chevalier Pappalardo (the Sardinian Consul) having received offi cial intimation of the death of the Dowager Queen of Sar dinia on the 12th inst. The Cambria steam-transport is hourly expected at Portsmouth, with the body of the late Major-General Adams, which she is to land there ; also a great number of sick and wounded from the seat of war. A fatal accident occurred on board the Arethusa at Devonport on Saturday to a young man named Evens, of the carpenters' crew. He was struck in the side, and his ribs broken, by a part of the main trysailmast, which was being removed without proper security. The ship, having been unmasted, was warped to the north jetty. She is to be placed in ordinary at that port. Her crew were granted leave of absence from Saturday until this day, when they will be paid wages. The Rev. Professor Moseley, D.D., will visit Devon port Dockyard in the course of the week, for the pur pose of examining the candidates for filling the vacancies of foreman inspectors of shipwrights. Upwards of 50 candidates for shipwrights' apprentices have been exa mined during the past week. MILITARY. On Saturday a largo number of volunteers for the Household Brigade, under the command of a colour-ser geant of the Grenadier Guards, arrived from the northern and eastern districts, at the terminus of the Eastern Counties Railway, and were immediately marched to the Horse Guards, and thence to Wellington barracks, and will be taken to-day to th e Guards' orderly-room', Horse Guards, where they will be tested for their re spective regiments. The men are tall, athletic, and young, and have volunteered from the Militia aid from regiments of the line. On Friday morning draughts of the 39th, 14th, and 9th Regiments sailed in the Prince and Royal Alice steamers for Queenstown, to embark on board her Ma jesty's ship Princess Royal, for conveyance to the Crimea. The following is the number of officers and men which accompanied each draught :-14th.— 9 officers, 152 rank and file, under the command of Colonel Watson. 39th. —8 officers, 173 rank arid file, under the command of Major Tinley. 9th.-8 officers, 60 rank and file, under the command of Captain Dunne. 50 drivers for the commissariat department, in charge of Superintendent Hill, sailed with the draughts. THE MILITIA. On Tuesday the Northumberland Light Infantry Regiment of Militia, under the command of Lpineur tenant rniaonent Colonel Biggs. assembled at Alnwick or duty. Major Lord Lovaine, M.P., and a la ! , lion of the other officers were present. TheXotn l i n ° a r i strength of the regiment is 900, and of that numbe r nearly 600 have already come forward. The men seem to have profited greatly by their previous training, a n d their personal appearance is much improved. It is stated by the Dublin Evening Mail that many of the Irish Militia regiments are likely to be left as desti tute of medical care as the unfortunates of the army at the seat of war. Several corps, it is said, have been unable to procure assistant-surgeons, and it is added that the surgeons of others will resign as soon as tho regiments are fairly embodied. The cause o f thi s strange s tate of affairs is attributed to an old sou rce o f pu b lic mischief—vii., pinching and misplaced economy in small 'natters, while reckless and prodigal expenditure in great is but too frequently regarded with indifference, if not worse. The 3d or Roy al Westminster Light Infantry Regi. n:ent of Middlesex Militia, under orders to assemble for permanent duty, disembodied at thece were among the last corps of militia se of the last war, hav who were many parts of England, Ireland, ing been stationed Scotland, and the Cha nnel Islands during that eventful period. Th e R oya l W es tminster Militia, as appears by the aecient record books, furnished frequent and nume rous drau g h ts of volunteers to t h o se veral regiments em ployed on active service in the Peninsula. Since the month of September, 185 9 , the regiment has been t hree times out for t ra i n i ng and exercise, under the command of Colonel Viscount Chelsea, M.P., and during these 18 months past up wards of 250 mn have volunteered into the regular service, and no doubt some of those soldiers ere this are facing the Russian stronghold in the Crimea, filling up a few of the sad gaps made in the ranks of our brave army. The FerManagh Light Infantry Regiment of Militia assembled in barracks at Enniskille n on the Ist instant. The corps then mustered nearly 200 men, and volunteers have sin ce j oined at tho rate of 10 a-daun y. Yon men of a very goo d d escr i pt i on; 21 have vroluni teered to the line, The Earl of oolonta of the regiment, is living in barracks, and takes great in terest in the men. His lordship, in uniform, headed a fine party of recruits, preceded by the small band, through the fair twice on the 10th instant, which no doubt had a very beneficial effect on the recruiting, as an unusually large number of men was raised that day. The Louth Militia, Lieutenant-Colonel Sir J. S. Ro binson, has been constituted a rifle regiment, and is ordered to be embodied forthwith. The Ist Devon Regiment of Militia, which has now been assembled at Exeter for some time, have during the last fortnight been daily contributing volunteers for the line. During last week the number of those who were passed and accepted amounts to 75, and Mr. Chanter, one of the officers in the regiment, has also volunteered his services, so that he will, in all probability receive a commission. Captain Holman, who has long discharged the duties of Adjutant, has accepted the ap pointment of Paymaster ; and he has been succeeded in the Adjutantcy by Captain Pitman, who formerly be longed to the line. _ _ The North Durham Regiment of Militia has received orders to assemble for permanent duty on the Ist of February, and on Wednesday the staff of non-commis sioned officers was inspected by Earl Vane,Colonel of the regiment. Major H. J. Baker, and Captains Pemberton and Lamb have resigned their commissions. The staff are still recruiting, the regiment being short of its num ber. The south Durham Regiment is embodied at Barnardcastle. The second detachment of the 2d Royal Lancashire Militia, composed of about 700 rank and file, left Liver pool for Edinburgh on Friday. FESTIVAL IN HONOUR OF THE MA DONNA. The following is from a letter dated Naples, Jan. 2. —The city has, for the last week, been turned upside down in getting up a fete and procession in honour of "Maria Vergine." The streets and purlieus of Naples have been cleaned out as they never have been since the halcyon days whet , nur beloved (big) brother, the Em peror of all the RuFisias, condescended to visit this hum ble of absolutism. Whether, as then, coachmen were ordered to put on round hats and long-tailed coats, and Lazzaroni to imprison their unaccustomed feet in leather, I know not ; but everything was done to give the - external aspects of decency to the city. The king, it appears, went on foot from his palace to the church of Gesu Vecchio, whence this extra ordinary procession started. The cardinal, bishops, and clergy led the van—then came the gigantic doll like image of the Madonna, followed immediately behind by his Majesty, supported by generals on either side. The Hereditary Prince, supported by his two uncles, then followed—the younger son of the King succeeded—then came a line of royal carriages, and the whole was closed by cavalry and a train of artillery. In this way the procession made the round of old Naples, returning, after four hours' walking, to the spot from which they had started. Her Majesty and a large assemblage of the court were at the windows of the palace, and all Naples was out to witness this distinguished act of royal devotion. His Majesty was so much over come by his feelings that ho was frequently seen to wipe away the tears which rolled down his pious cheeks. Would that but one tear had fallen for Poerio and hundreds of others who at this hospitable season are pining within dungeon walls. What is the mean ing of all this t I asked of a sharp-looking man, who had been a curious spectator. " Why, sir," was the reply, "two religions had a lite' with the Pope as to whether the Madonna was immaculate or not, and now his holiness has decided that all religions' are to believe in her immaculate conception." So important an event was not likely to be passed over in Naples, and hence the great religious demonstration which has just been made. To the man of thinking mind it cannot but be matter of surprise that the 19th century has been chosen for so broad an assertion of Papal infallibility, and on a dogma which has for so many centuries been permitted to repose in uncertainty. Some incredulous minds, too, are apt to think that the decision of the Pope was imperfect, inasmuch as it did not establish the immaculate conception of all the ancestry of the Madonna. Those who know Naples, however, will not be so much surprised at the puerilities practised here. I believe that there is quite as much knavishness as folly in them, and that, like the " panem et circenses" for the Romans, these are provided to amuse and to divert public attention from political reflections. In fact, the great effort here is to emasculate the public mind and reduce it to complete subjection to the priesthood, and so long as that subjection continues there are no hopes for the reformation or resurrection of Italy. What an in sult it is to the best interests of man, that whilst Europe is shaken to her foundations, by the mighty political events of the day, the whole of the south of Italy is drivelling about subjects which ought to have slumbered under the cobwebs of antiquity ! On the 6th of January a much more important act will be per formed—the Hereditary Prince will be declared of age on his reaching his 18th birthday, and in presence of the whole army, on the Campo, will be invested with the in signia of generalissimo of the army. Little is known of the education of the future sovereign, but it may 'well be presumed that it has been of a narrowing cha racter. His disposition is, however, said to be good, and much is hoped for from the son of • a princess who was so universally beloved, and whose memory often calls the tears into the eyes of the poor people. If I cannot speak of political reforms, I can at all events of great moral reforms which confirm the acknowledged title of Naples to the odour of sanctity. The reform of which I speak may be considered as a pendant to the green trouser movement amongst the Ballerine. The Journal des Demoiselles, highly popular amongst the ladies of Naples, as might be inferred from its title, is prohibited from being issued until certain al terations have been made in the figurini. The drawings with the Parisian fashions were considered too prurient for the highly moral population of Parthenope. Ac cordingly, pious hands are employed to lengthen the upper part of the dress, and short sleeves are brought down to the elbow. The mode of making the shapes is also abstracted, so that ladies and mantua makers are au clesespoir ' and may get up a demon s t ra ti on . The figurini, I hear, however, are daubed in so imperfect a manner th a t th e fashions can be de tected underneath. Still no one will now take in the Journal, and it bids fair to die of inanition. This is another of the recent puerilities practised in Naples. There are few people here this winter, and of those who have arrived the majority are Americans. The King and Queen pass the Ariaja daily, and on arriving at Strada Nuova the King mounts on horseback. An event has taken place which has put all the foreigners on the gni vire. A third orifice has been formed in Vesuvius. It is near the top of the cone, and the opening is so clean that the strata of the mouetain may be seen to a considerable depth. Much caution is now required in the ascent, as this orifice is in the path which visitors have been in the habit of taking. The old guides are predicting an eruption, but without suffi cient reason, as many think. ME NEW CASTLE OF BALMO.RAL. The building is being erected under the direction of Mr. W. Smith, of Aberdeen. The Scotch baronial is the style adopted, but in a modified form. The west and north sides have recived more of the characteristic features of the style than the other two, as our readers will doubtless say may easily be the case, and present carved corbellings, rope, ribbon, and other mouldings. The design consists of two separate blocks of buildings, joined together by connecting wings, at the east ang l e of which stands a to wer 35feet square, with circular staircase turret rising about 100 feet. This tower and the connecting wing are now only about 12 or 14 feet ab'we ground. The block forming the principal house is, with the exception of the carriage porch, completed externally. It is 120 feet one way, 118 feet 4 inches the other, with a central court 35 feet by 51 feet. At the west angle of ' the south front are the carriage porch and the entrance hall, 29 feet 6 inches by 18, leading to the corridor, running behind the principal rooms, which are on the west and north sides; the drawing-room, 37 feet by 21 feet ; library, 26 feet by 20 feet, and billiard-room, looking towards the west ; the dining-room, 37 feet (exclusive of recess) by 20 feet, is to the north,. where the river is. These rooms aro 15 feet high, and above these on the west side, and extending the whole length of it, are the private apartments of the Queen and the Prince, 13 feet in height. The principal staircase is in the centre of the corridor, and there are two side stairs, one at each corner of the east side of the court, all of stone. On the south and east sides of the build ing there are three floors, rising about the same height as the other two, and containing rooms for some of the suite, for visitors, for the royal children, bed-rooms, and servants' rooms. In the square tower will be ac commodation for the same suite, three rooms on each of the first and second floors ; and for servants on the lower and upper floors. The whole of the principal house, connecting wing, and square tower, are made fire-proof on Fox and Barrett's principle, with wrought-iron rolled joists. The kitchen offices, forming three sides of a square, and something more, are to be built on__ lower level to suit the 25 feet, is pla ground ; and the ball-room, 6 feet by ng-room window s as ce d also on a lower level, and so as to shut the offices as possible out of view from the the principal house t iding is entirely along that side. The ani. from the terrace running colnhecting wing dressed, tho moulding being dressed." The stone is of and uniform co anidice, and in large co lour ; it is found in great abundance, of gr ,, a e n l i e t a e n ; vey a .sl a il x a. e r a,,, work, finely masses on the estate. The tower a e Ihawleorkof, and ball-room are less finely dressed. and are masons' carried the works, with the exception of the are being executed by contract, out under Mr. Alexander Clark, the residearg tor, or clerk o f wor k s, with whom also, as regards the masonry d epartment, is associated Mr. John sea ton, all, of course, being under the superintendence of the architect.—Ths Builder. [ADVEIITISEMENT.]—IioIIovvay7s Ointment and Pills effective remedies for Scurvy a n d o th er S k i n diseases.— i Y v ect, Manchester, Mr. Thomas Thunlow, of 24, Buckle -st • states in a letter to Professor confirmedHollo‘ayiatl I , Lh , unlow) by Mr. H. Burton, chemist, of the same city, was grievously affected for upwardsti of sixteen with that disagreeable disease the scur v y, for which had been under the treatment of medical menyears with r s both l • 11 t home and abroad, but deriving no benefit from their ' treatment, he despaired of ever being cured. However, by persevering in the use of Holloway's oint men t an d rills, these excellent remedies effected a most satisfac tory cure.—Sold by all vendors of medicine, and at Pro fessor Hollow:41 - '1s establishments, 244, Strand, Lon don, and SO, Maiden-lace, New Fork. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 15, 1855. LAW INTELLIGENCE,—Jan. 13. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH. (Sittings in Banco.—Before Lord Campbell, and Justices Coleridge, Wightman, and Crompton.) THE QUEEN V. SIR HENRY DR LA BECHE.-RATEABILITY OF THE GEOLOGICAL MUSEUM. In this case a rate had been struck by the parochial authorities of St. James's for the Geological Museum in o h n i h h a S d i r a p Henry peal ed ,Daen and a with Beche,the o J n e r b m e y h a n f street, o f t that at consent of the parties the facts were set forth in a special aginaisntisttut which case for the opinion of this court on the question whe ther there was such a beneficial occupation of the pre mises as would render them liable to be assessed to the relief of the poor. The arguments were heard last term, and were at the time fully reported in our columns. Their lordships took time to consider their judgment. Lord Campbell now delivered the judgment of the court. He said that on the ground that the property was in the exclusive possession of the crown for public purposes the court was of opinion that no one was liable to be rated for it. Her Majesty was seized of the pro perty in fee simple, and though by the 8 and 9 Vie., c. 104, the Commissioners of Woods and Forests were entitled to take and use the property, they could only do so for the purposes of management, and not for the pur pose of occupation. Undoubtedly the land might have been so occupied as to render somebody liable, but in this case there was an occupation by certain persons with tho sanction of the Lords of the Treasury, under the authority of Parliament, but there was no bene ficial occupation in any one. The case said that the rate was to be affirmed if any one was in the beneficial occu pation of the premises, and therefore it was incumbent on the respondents to show there was such a beneficial occupation in some one. It was not contended that Sir Henry de la Beche was a beneficial occupier. The case as against the Commissioners of Woods and Forests had been very soon abandoned. The Lords of the Treasury could not be shown to be such in fact, nor could any inference of law to that effect be supported. The princi pal reliance of the learned counsel who appeared for the respondents was on the supposed occupation of the pro fessors, but they had no occupation beyond that which was necessary for the delivery of lectures. It was true the professors were allowed to receive fees for their lec tures, but as they were only permitte,cl to occupy the building for the purposes of instruction, they had really no more occupation than the pupils. They were only allowed to come at specified hours. Then it was said that the housekeeper was the occupier ; but the case found she had no more occupation than was abso lutely necessary for the discharge of the duties im posed on her by the Government. In point of fact, there was no distinction between this case and that of the British Museum, or between this and that of the Royal Academy, when the latter was properly explained. Mr. Justice Coleridge, who had concurred in the judg ment in the case of the Royal Academy, had explained that the judgment in that case really proceeded en the ground that the building was crown property. The ease of the Queen v. Temple did not apply ; there the pro perty was vested in Mr. Kaye Shuttleworth, though as a trustee, and besides there was a very beneficial occu pation. The case of Gambler v. Lydford had been much relied on by the respondents, but in that case the farm had been taken on lease, and there was a beneficial occupation of it. On the whole the court was of opinion that there must be judgment for the appellant. Judgment for the appellant accordingly. COURT OF _EXCHEQUER. (Sittings in Banco.) GIBSON V. STURGE. -JUDGMENT. The learned Barons delivered their judgment seriatim in this case this morning. The plaintiff, it appeared, was the owner of a vessel on board of which the defendant had shipped from Odessa a large cargo of wheat, which was to be delivered either at the ports of London or Liverpool at a freight agreed on between the parties. In due course the cargo was delivered, but it was ascertained that it exceeded the quantity supposed to have beea shipped at Odessa by about 164 quarters ; the increase was caused by a bad voyage, and the result was that the grain was saturated with water, so much so as to swell it to a very great ex tent. The defendant refused to pay for more than the measurement at the time of shipment. The present action was, therefore, brought to recover the sum of 441. lie. sd. as the excess of charge for freight over the original quantity as measured at Odessa. The action came on for trial before Mr. Baron Martin, when the jury, under the direction of the learned judge, gave a verdict for the plaintiff, leave being given for the defendant to move to enter a verdict. In Easter term accordingly a rule was ,saoyed for and obtained, and having been argued at some length, the court intimated that as the question was one of great commercial im portance, they would take time to consider their judg ment. This morning, therefore, Mr. Baron Martin, in delivering judgment, said that the plaintiff in his opinion was clearly entitled to re cover. He could not concur in the view taken by the other members of the court upon the question which had been raised ; for if the doctrine of his learned brothers were to prevail, the greatest amount of inconvenience necessarily must arise. Hieown view was not adverse to that which he understood was entertained by the ether members of that bench—namely, that the claim for freight ought to be regulated lay the quantity de livered at the port to which the cargo is consigned. Now, if this doctrine were to exist as law, it would in numberless cases lead to great delay in the pay ment of freight, as the parties would then have to wait until the measurement had been ascertained from the foreign ports where the discharge of the cargo took place. It had been stated that to allow the charge for freight to be regulated by the quantity of cargo delivered on arrival would throw open the door to fraud. As to this he did not see the force of the argument, for with respect to any swell imaginary inducement to the com mission of fraud and a collusion between the master and owner, the law was open to the consignee easily to ob tain redress. The main objection to the law which was about to be laid down by the majority of the court was in his opinion the large amount of inconvenience which must ensue. He considered the plaintiff was entitled to recover. Therefore the rule ought to be discharged. The Lord Chief Baron was of opinion that the rule should be made absolute, and that the plaintiff was not entitled to recover for any quantity beyond that measured at Odessa. Doubtless that quantity appeared to have increased during the voyage. The precise cause of that excess did not appear. This was quite clear. A shipowner had no right to charge and receive freight for carrying cargo except for carrying it from the port of shipment to that of delivery. In the present case the excess might only have been carried a few miles, or for a few days, seeing that the swelling might have taken place at any point of the voyage. The claim now set up could not be maintained on the terms of the bill of lading, neither could it be supported on the general principles of law. The jury by their verdict had found that the bulk had increased during the voyage, but as that increase would go to damage the consignee it would be repugnant to justice that that consignee should be called upon to pay freight for the excess. Supposing a case where the cargo consisted of sponge—the freight to be paid by weignt—it would be most unjust not to per mit the consignee to squeeze out the water which it might have taken up during the voyage, before the freight was calculated. But in the present instance the precise measure of the bulk which had been shipped had been ascertained, and it was quite clear, therefore, that"any excess must have been water. Something had been said with respect to inconvenience as the consequence which would ensue from the principle which the majority of the court were about to lay down in this case. Now the inconvenience would be far greater, as well as at tended with much danger, if it were to be placed in the power of a shipowner to increase his charge for freight by damaging the cargo. In his opinion it was far better to make a man's duty and interest concur than to adopt a contrary course. He was clearly of opinion that the plaintiff could not recover, therefore the rule ought to be made absolute. Mr. Baron Alderson and Mr. Baron Platt concurring, The rule was made absolute accordingly. ADMIRALTY COURT. (Before Dr. Lushington.) THE KOTICA-PRIZE This was a proceeding in pcenam — for condemnation, and the court at once pronounced the vessel a lawful prize. THE VENGEUR—IIEID-MONEY. The Queen's Advocate prayed for a certificate of the number of men on board a Russian war schooner, taken under the following circumstances :—On the night of the 27th of June, 1854, while her Majesty's steam vessel Cuckoo (Lieutenant Murray commander) was cruising off the Aland Islands, the officer of the watch reported that a' Russian man-of-war, with colours flying and her boats in tow, was standing towards her. The crew of the Cuckoo were immediately beat to quarters, and it was found that the enemy was a large schooner crowded with noon, about a cable's length on the starboard quarter, and that she was coming up with the evident intention of boarding. On finding, however, that the Cuckoo was an armed steamer, she put her helm up and ran off before the wind towards the ; land, throwing down her bulwarks and clear ing for action. The Cuckoo immediately wore round and began firing shot and shell, several of the latter of which burst on board the schooner. At one o'clock in the morning the Cuckoo was near enough to fire grape ; but Lieutenant Murray being ignorant of the rocks and shoals amongst which the enemy was leading him, was obliged to slacken speed. The result was that the Rus sians having gained nearly a mile on the Cuckoo were enabled to make their escape to a small battery which was about a hundred yards distant, but one of their boats was observed to be struck by a shot and never reached the shore. The helm of the schooner being lashed alee and the sales trimmed, she ran out from the land and was taken possession of by the Cuckoo, with her colours and pendant still flying. On hoarding her several papers were found scattered about, but they refe rre d to other vessels, and there was nothing to de no t e the name and character of the schooner herself, except one found board, longand which w the word Vengeur in small black letters on h er stern broadside gun on s and . She was pierced for four gun, which was the only and had had one of it, t y gale, however, came on, and The next her pri dayze. the Cuckoo joined knocked off. w it as dismounted, Admiral Plurnridge e e ga se n t t fi o r drive h A the schooner's anchors n o t h olding, she , b a3hore, when the admiral o r d ered her to b prevent her again falling i n t o th e hands of the fine'em3:to, Under th ese c i rcums t ances th e Q ueen ' s advocate prayed the cou r t, i n pursuance o f th e 11 th section of the Prize Act, to grant a certificate that there were at the coins mcncement of the action 60 men on board the Vengeur, in order that the captors might receive 51. head money fur each. 'his wag the course pointed out by the act in cases like the present, in which the vessel had been destroyed, in which there were no papers relating to the manning of the ship, and in which the enemy's crew had all escaped. The evidence of the number was supplied by an affidavit of Lieutenant Murray and three of his officers ; and when the Court recollected that the schooner was 70 feet long, and was repre sented to have been " crowded with men," it would probably bo thought that sixty was a very moderate estimate. Dr. Lushington pronounced for sixty men. THE FOLEY-PLACE TRAGEDY. LATEST PARTICULARS. From inquiries instituted during Saturday at the Middlesex Hospital, and also in Foley-place, it would appear that the assassin, Luigi Baranelli, a s we ll as hi s intended second victim, Mrs. Lambert, as she is called, are both likely to recover from the injuries they have received, a decided improvement having taken place in their condition. With reference to the latter, whose real name is still enveloped in mystery, and is likely to be so until the obligation of an oath before a coroner's jury compels its disclosure, since the murder she has been placed under the care of her usual medical attendant, Mr. Allen, of Dean-street, Soho, and of Mr. B. Norman, of Duchess street, who has acted as a kind of consulting surgeon from the moment of the catastrophe with reference to Mrs. Lambert up to the present time. In the course of Wednesday the patient complained of more than ordinary pain in the right side, and fears were entertained that unfavourable symptoms were setting in, and that in all probability a fatal termination would ensue. On Thurs. day, however, the extraordinary pain of which she had complained shifted its seat, and the impression upon the mind of the medical man ii, that the circumstance arose from the alteration in the position of the bullet, supposed to be located in some portion of the patient's chest. From this time Mrs. Lambert, as she must still be called, until the disclosure of her right name takes place, appeared to be gradually mendinz, On Friday evening she was reported to be much better, and on Sa turday so great an improvement had taken place that it was hoped she might be in a position sufficiently ad vanced towards convalescence to enable her to give her evidence at the adjourned inquest on Wednesday. With reference to the connection of the intirdered man, Mr. Latham, with the wounded female, it appears they have lived for many years together as man and wife, in the neighbourhood of Dean-street. They were in the habit of remaining inbed till mid-day, and then Latham was con tinually seen with a cigar in his mouth, but was in the habit of coming out dressed in the evening, and spend ing a great portion of the night in a cigar shop in the vicinity. The unfortunate man had been beard frequently to declare, before he left his residence in Dean-street to reside in Newman-street, that as soon as he could see the party with whom he cohabited properly provided for, he should forego the connection and go to the continent. Regarding the horrible position in which Baranelli is placed, together with the frightful injuries he has him self received, it is next to marvellous the rapidity with which he appears to be approaching convalescence. Since he has been in the hospital he has spent a large proportion of his time in an apparently sound sleep, but when he woke there was every indication of his perfect sensibility and consciousness of every circumstance pass ing, around him. This fact was strongly indicated on the occasion of the coroner's jury and witnesses surrounding the bed of the then supposed to be dying assassin in the hospital on Tuesday. When the screen by which lie was surrounded was removed, Baranelli, with his one eye (the other being covered), looked eagerly round among the throng, and it was evident in an instant from the expression of the features that it lighted on tho object of his affections, Mrs. Williamson, who had been brought to the hospital by Inspector Clively. It has been already stated that Baranelli was a native of Anoona, and on Thursday he was so much better as to be enabled to sit up in bed and write a letter to his mo ther, who is living there, and which, it is stated, detailed his horrible position, and the crime he had committed. He requested that it might be posted without delay. Baranelli, as he appears to get better, seems to be more restless about the ultimate consequences of his crime, which he frequently refers to, and as frequently expresses a hope that he shall die. This circumstance has induced the authorities to direct him to be closely watched by a police constable, both night and day, an apprehension being entertained that wnenever he has regained suffi cient strength, and the opportunity offers, he will make some attempts upon his life. In order to insure more vigilance in this respect, the constable at his bedside is changed every six hours throughout the day and night. Baranelli at times enters freely into conversation with those around him, and requests the nurses to send for Mrs. Williamson. As a proof of the consciousness of his guilt, and the retribution in store for him should he survive the injury he has inflicted upon himself, he fre quently expresses his fear that he shall live to die a felon's death. On Thursday, while some of the medical gentlemen attached to the hospital staff were standing round his bed, one remarked how much better he looked than he had done on the previous day—on which Bara nelli bitterly remarked, " Yes, you are making me well so as to hang me," or words to that effect. A remarkable circumstance in connection with the tragedy also occurred at the Middlesex Hospital on Thursday. During the morning a respectably-attired man made a most pressing application to be admitted to the hospital to see the murderer. The earnestness of his appeal induced inquiries as to who he was, and what was his object in wishing compliance with his request. It turned out that thin person was Mr. Williamson, the husband of the woman with whom Baranelli has asserted he has been on such intimate terms, and who has been, however innocent, the unfortunate cause of the catastrophe. It is needless to say that the applica, lion was peremptorily refused, and it has been suggested that, had Mr. Williamson been admitted, he might have attempted to wreak summary vengeance upon the mur derer ; and, if his own statement be true of his wife's seducer, Mr. Williamson is stated to have been affected even to tears, and charges all his wife's misconduct upon the Lamberts, but added that he loved her as much as ever he did. He stated also that his object in seeing the murderer was to ascertain from him what had become of his child, about a year and a half old, which he believes to be kept awaysornewhere at the instigation of Baranelli. A letter which the assassin wrote on the night pre ceding the murder, addressed to Mrs. Williamson, has already been published, and from which the fact is clearly established that he premeditated the terrible act. Another letter, written cn the same evening, but with out any superscription, in the assassin's handwriting, also in Italian, confirms the determination of Baranelli to commit the crime. The following is a correct transla tion : "During the night, Jan. 6, 1855. "Dearest Friend,—My situation at this moment is most horrible and full of despair. " The Lamberts call me a thief and an assassin. They insulted me also. I see no more. Stay a little while the departure from your dear wife. I mean a little while, until the harshest news shall reach you. I inclose you my likeness. Preserve it as a token of faithful friendship, and pardon me the many troubles. Fare you well, perhaps for ever. " LUIGI BARANELLI." The description given of Baranelli at the house, 35, Newman-street, where he took a lodging after he was turned out of Lambert's house, was that cf an apparently quiet, inoffensive man, although it was remarked that he appeared exceedingly melancholy and depressed in his manner. He was known to be up, from a light in his room, the whole of the Saturday night prior to the com mission of the murder. Up to last night both the wounded woman and the assassin were reported to be much better ; and the strong presumption is, with regard to Baranelli, enter tained by the medical gentlemen uuder whose care he is placed, that the ball from the pistol must have fallen back and dropped down the throat, as no traces yet can be found, nor do the symptoms of the patient indicate that it still remains embedded in the head. MUTIITY OF THE AVON'S GREW. PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 14. Some very strange and unfortunate circumstances have occurred to prevent the removal of the sick and wounded troops that have come home in the steam transport Avon to their final destination. The Avon came into harbour from the Crimea, with 214 sick and wounded mon on board, on Friday morning. Those who had to go to hospital were at once landed and conveyed there on stretchers, and the rest remained on board all that day and night, the Avon discharging some stores she had brought home, and being ordered, by directions from London, to convey the sick and wounded round to Chat ham. We know of no other reason for sending them round by water instead of by rail (as had been the case with the sick and wounded who arrived home in the Hima laya and Candle) than that of economy. Whetever was the reason, the Avon was to have sailed with them yesterday morning, but her crew and stokers all refused to remain on board any longer. It appears that their engagements expired upon their arrival in port in Eng land, and this they were determined to abide by to the strict letter. The Captain of the Avon urged upon them ,the necessity of carrying out the orders of the Govern ment, and he appealed to the condition of the woanded and sick around them, but all to no purpose—they em phatically refused to take the vessel any further. He promised them extra wages—as much, we were informed, as 4/. per man for the voyage round and back—but with quite as much success. The fact is, the men were quite mutinous and abusive, many of them being inebriated. The Superintendent of the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, Captain Vincent, had arrived from South ampton, and finding there was no prospect of the men complying with the orders of the Government, he re solved to discharge them. This was accordingly done, and the men went about their business in a body. The result of all this was that Government had to be telegraphed to for fresh orders as to what was to be done with the men who were the chief sufferers by these pro ceedings, and in the course of the afternoon directions came down for the men to be conveyed to Chatham by rail on Monday (to-morrow) morning. They are to leave the dockyard by seven o'clock. It was too late on Saturday to send the troops on then to Chatham, as they would not have been able to arrive there till late at night. The poor fellows have consequently had to be kept on board all yesterday and to-day—Mr. Tydd, assistant-surgeon of the 58th Regiment, who has come home in charge of thorn, not wishing to take on himself the responsibility of granting them orders to leave the vessel, as it is feared that, in their present condition, bad consequences might ensue from exposure, or per haps a little irregularity. The officers who have come home wounded or sick in the Axon all landed on her first arrival, and have gone to their various homes. The men are tolerably comfortable on board, and have plenty of food, with fresh meat ; whilst some of the inhabitants have been kind to them, sending in a pint of porter to each man, &c. They, however, do not like their deten tion, although they submit to it without a murmur. As it is, their detention on board will not be longer than if this ship had taken them round, and they will now get to their destination quite as soon ; but they would, of course, have got there at least a couple of days sooner had they been sent on yesterday by train. To-day a party of stokers and seamen have been sent round from Southampton by the Steane-packet Company, port tomorrow, She W A to nmigato the Avokto thedt _ repairs of damages, caused by the gale in the Black Sea, to make - gocd, • Tho crew of the Avon, on leaving her, took away with them a number of muskets, bayonets, swords, articles of uniform, -&c , that had been taken from the enemy. Some had three or four musket-bareels each, the stocks having beep used by the English troops for fire-wood. One man, who was much intoxicated, dressed himself out entirely in Russian uniform, having an infantry sol dier's trousers, jacket, and brass helmet on, whilst he had a sword round his waist, and a Russian bearskin knapsack strapped to his back, the straps, belts, &e., being complete. In this dress, and shouldering a long musket that had belonged to the enemy, he marched out of the dockyard. He was, of course, soon sur rounded and followed by a crowd of persons. It was evident that the conduct of the merchant crew made considerable impression on the soldiers. They were struck with the facility and indifference with which they could desert the ship and service to which they had be longed, to say nothing of what was due to the sick and wounded themselves. Such conduct only appeared to cause the soldiers--sergeants, corporals, and privates—to remember more aentely the exertions that had beer. made by the sailors of the royal navy, in ministering to the com forts and wants of thearmy, and their devoted care and at tention to the wounded on the battle-field. Whilst gazing on the mutinous spectacle going on around them, many a poor fellow told of the care and kindness, and truly fernine gentleness, with which be had been carried from the spot where he f e ll t o a p l ace of help b y t h e railors of the royal navy, and of almost equal kindness being exhibited to the wounded Russians themselves. They also were not slow In expressing their surprise at the supbrhutnan exertions made by the seamen of both the French and English navies at the disembarkation in the Crimea. The want of feeling, of esprit de corps, and attachment to their service and ship, displayed by the merchantmen evidently grated on the feelings of the troops. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEEES. Both evenings (Dec. 12 and Jan. 0), wore entirely de voted to the discussion of Mr. P. W. Barlow's paper " On some peculiar features of the Water-bearing, Strata of the London Basin." It was urged, that the term "water-bearing strata" should be more clearly defined, and it should bo shown whether it meant the chalk, through the fissures of which the major portion of the water percolated, or the sands which were entirely saturated with water. The views expressed some time since, by the Bev. Mr. Cluttorbuck, in his communications to the institution in 1812 and 1843, were insisted on as having been confirmed by subsequent investigations. Professor Ansted's paper " On the absorbent properties of chalk," was also quoted in aid of the proposition of its retentive properties, and it was shown that the action was chiefly by capillary attrac tion, and existed to such an extent that chalk would contain one-third of ita bulk and one-fourth of its weight of water. Hence it was argued that nearly all the chalk was super saturated with water "in situ," but nevertheless it did not follow that it could be drained, except through the fissures and layers of flints. It was admitted that the indications of Mr. Dickenson's rain-gauge might not be critically ac curate ; but they were so f ar correc t as th a t th ey served to inform him what supply of water ho might expect in the river. The rate of evaporation from the sur face, both by sun and wind, required to be watched care fully. If it wore possible to evaporate clown to about six feet beneath the surface, very little, if any water, falling as rain, would reach the lower beds. After a dry summer the earth required 3 inches of rain to compensate for the previous evaporation, and it was only after that quantity had fallen that there was any surplus moisture for re plenishing the springs. The details were given of the experiments made and the effect produced by the pumping at the well sunk by the Grand Junction Canal Company, near Tring. The depth oft down rut.; eweliwas 7L o feet, with withwthwenocabobry means e-huls of w en t gn h i a e t level, power and two pumps of 12 inches diameter and 6-feet stroke, the water was intended to be pumped for the use of the canal. The results of the experiments tended to demonstrate, not only that the water in the adjacent wells was reduced, but that the river was lowered and a pond in the vicinity disappeared; but on arresting the pumping, the water resumed its original level in all. It was urged that the sources of the river were in the upper part of the chalk, and therefore that if the well was puddle(' and close-ateined, so as to exclude the top-water, no effect would be produced ; this, however, on trial, was not found to be the ease, as on the resumption of pumping a repeti tion of the same results was observed. It was also stated that the well at the Croydon Waterworks, also sunk into the chalk, had similarly affected the river IV The accuracy of this statement was impungssi —it was urged that the quantity of water pumped had not been stated, and it had not been shown that there had been a failure in the attempt to render the steining of the well impermeable. It was indispensable to make wells water tight at the upper portions, in order to prevent them from injuring other wells of less depth in the vicinity. It was stated to be practicable to obtain a large supply of water from the chalk, by the same system as had been employed for procuring a supply of fresh water at Grimsby for the use of the dock. It was also stated that a large quantity of water was obtained from the chalk, at Woolwich, for the supply of that district, without acting detrimentally upon the neighbouring wells. The peculiar features of the absorption of water in va rious parts of the course of the Lea and the reappearance of the springs at other spots were noticed, and analogous instances quoted--such as the river Mole, which partially disappeared at several places in its channel, and after a subterranean course of some distance through the porous strata and fissures again rose to the surface. Many celebrated springs owed their origin to this cause ; the water when once it was absorbed finding its way into various open strata, or fissures and beds, and only again appearing at some fault, or where, by denudation, or other cause, the porous strata appeared at the surface. The great variety in the quality of the chalk was in sisted on, as necessary to be considered, in assuming it to be a useful water-bearing stratum. In reality the qua lity varied infinitely, from an open texture, broken up and mixed with heterogeneous materials, to a close compact substance, almost of the density o f stone; its distance from the surface and the thick ness o f th e bed, varying almost to the same extent ; its capacity for water-bearing, or rather for water-yielding, would, it was argued, be also as various and uncertain. It was contended that the sands underlying the chalk would be found the most certain sources of water supply. The condition of the strata at Grimbsy were different to those of the London basin; and iu the latter locality, some years ago, in any well of moderate depth,water was certain ly met with, whereas at present it was only found at consider able depths,and was only obtainable by grea,t pumping power. The water was nowchieflyfound in the fissures and flint beds, and, but little in the solid chalk, beyond that held in suspension, and which it was difficult to extract. Water might be found in sufficient quantity, in the chalk, for the supply of two, or three suburban parishes near the metro polis, but the conditions were very different from those of i i ll o u n s d o o ry n i t t o s e t l r fP u n to d it, t an w y a ß s ii s . t h r o s n o g u l r y . e c f o o n r t e a n I d a e r d g e t s h u a p t p i i t y w b a y s Artesian wells. The district to the south-east of London was comparatively intact, but it could only be proved, by experiment, to what extent it was capable of furnishing a large supply; although it was admitted that a large quan tity of water was wasted by the springs running into or rising in the river, which might probably be beneficially em ployed. The case of the well now being sunk at Hampstead was quoted : that well had been sunk at a spot 172 feet above Trinity H. W. mark, with the intention of procuring a supply of water from the chalk, which was found at a depth of 320 feet from the su a r n fa d co c . om T pa h r e a c t h iv a e l l k y ( w h e y s ;corn and the m ass , an d no t i n thpact, Hints hard, weref r e e d f i r s o t r m i b fissures, tth layers. After sinking 218 feet an the chalk boring was commenced, and had proceeded until a total depth of 1,13 J feet had been arrived at, traversing a thickness of 510 feet of chalk, the subjacent gault, and into the red clay, pre sumed to overlay the lower green sand, in which it was anticipated a supply of water would be found. Little or no water had, however, hitherto been yielded in all this deep boring. The influence of swallow-holes, in admitting streams into permeable strata, was noticed, as also that the lower green sand must evidently be the source of many of the springs, having the appearance of arising from chalk ; as the rain was rapidly absorbed at the denuded out-crop of those sands, and the water frequently passed from them through the fissures in the chalk, and appeared to proceed from the latter stratum. It was contended, that the anti py c l ipa m t t e ihg d quantity of water to be derived from th e c halk, and evenhe might fromfor super-saturationt the the rs green few years sands,be le was con e e x i a a g e g ra er b ite , ( b 1 ;ut by degrees the supply would be reduced, and the supply would depend on the percolation of the annual rain-fall. The best accredited experiments, upon 'various soils, showed that not more than four inches of rain infiltrated through the strata and flowed outwards in the shape of springs. Beyond that quantity then any supply must be derived, by pumping, from the constant quantity held in suspension in the various strata, and that source of supply, it was argued, would be soon diminished in certain localities. It was admitted that water was obtained from chalk, chiefly, if not entirely, by infiltration through the fissures, and the layers of flints; and that although chalk was a rapid absorbent of moisture, it did not readily part with it again, nor in its normal condition would it afford a free passage for water ; therefore it could not be correctly denominated a water-bearing stratum ; whereas sand would bo correctly so termed. The chalk was, however, in certain districts so intersected by fissures, and bad such numerous layers of flint that practically the effect of a water-bearing stratum was ob tained ; and hence the excessive pumping from one well would affect all around, as also the sources of the streams. In other districts the chalk possessed such a density that all hope of obtaining water from it was vain. The quality of the chalk under London was as various as the depths at which it was reached from the surface. The same pe culiarities exhibited themselves at Paris, where in one situation water was reached at 574 feet, whilst at the Puits de Grenelle it had loam necessary to go as deep as 1,800 feet. Sand was, on the contrary, essentially a water-bearing stratum ; the facility of yielding moisture depending gene rally on the size, and therefore the collective compactness, or openness, of the grains. It was as susceptible of sate ration as the chalk, but not as capable of retention of mois ture. In some districts the lower tertiary sands were mixed with clay, which interrupted the flow of water, whilst in others they afforded a free passage. The intermittent character of the flow from the well at Grenolle wa.i mentioned, and was shown to arise chiefly from stoppagCs of the pipe by sand, although the quantity of water delivered was undoubtedly influenced by the fall of rain on the out-crop of the tertiary strata, into the basin of which the well was sunk. Artesian wells were not sufficiently universal iu their application, and could scarcely yet afford correct data as to the character of the flow, but instances were cited of one well o f th a t ki n d , stated to have been sunk in the 12th century, and another about a century old, the supply from both of which was now, ap paroltly, undiminished in quantity and unchanged in quality. It was contended that the dry character of the chalk in certain localities was an indication of its being really a water bearing stratum, as it was submitted that ts layers of flints, and its numerous fissures, afforded the most rapid means of percolation. In reasoning from results obtained 'by gauges it was necessary to observe the character of the ; if the rain fell gently, the evaporation might be so great that none would percolate ,- or during a storm it might all run off tho surface ; therefore the question could only be solved by observation for a long period, and over an extensive area of out-crop. It was also necessary to observe the swallow holes, and numerous depressions in the chalk dis tricts, as by them great quantitioe of water were convoyed to the lower strata. It was mentioned that the lower green sand stratum had been reached in the Hampstead well at a depth of 1,150 feet from the surface, and a very short time would now demonstrate the correctness or the fallacy of the views as to the quantity of water to be obtained from those strata. There was great difference iu the condition of chalk, with or without flints, and it was contended that in some cases the latter contained a larger amount of water than the former. The lower beds appeared to b© saturated with water which had percolated from rain or melted snow, and was only arrested by the clay, and hence the accumulation in the chalk, until the water rose to such a height as to flow out as springs. The wells under London did not now yield more than eight millions of gallons per day, and the water - level had been gradually sinking. In the year 1824 the water, when N a v e i h t h t i o n ,6 1 1. 0 t h f i e n e t o o f f e h e i t g olaf n waternot a ff m e catrekd, bybut p o m w p i i n t g d , the same level. ilionseottore There could not be any doubt of the south-eastern dis trict, mentioned in the paper, being very full of water, but it might be anticipated iat it was there, as in other districts, an accumulated store, which, when heavily drawn upon and not adequately replenished, would after a time fad as other stores had done. Few questions wore snore h d ioffip led t t h t a o t t t r h e e a t r s h i a a n t s that i i ll:s o d s e t i r g c a o t ns i o i n d e a r n a a t i o o n f , o a b n e d e r i v t a t N i v o a n s would be annually laid before tho FATAL strIPWRECK—ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FOUR LIVES LOST. LLOYD'S, Saturday. The Hamburg mail, which arrived this morning, brings intelligence of further losses off that coast during the terrific gale on New-Year's Day. Three coasting vessels foundered, every soul belonging to them being lost. The reported loss of the George Canning, one of the Hamburg and New York packet ships, on the Sornhorn Sands, at the south side of the Elbe, is unfortunately confirmed. Every soul on board met with a watery grave. One account states she had 164 persons in all, amonc , whom were 136 passengers. A spar has been washed ashore with the corpse of a beautiful little girl, about ten years old, lashed to it. The ship was insured at Hamburg and New York for 30,0001. The same mail brings tidings of the burning of a fine steamer belonging to Hull, called the Lady Seale, Cap tain Bailey. She arrived from that port at Hamburg on Tuesday evening, and early the following morning she was discovered on fire. Notwithstanding all the exertions made to save the ship, the fire continued to rage, and the vessel was burned to the water's edge. Another very large transport-ship, called the Hempsyke, No. 119, is reported destroyed by fire on her way to Balaklava with provisions asd rum for the our troops in the Crimea. She was th• property of Mr. Allen, the shipowner, of Leadendall street, and the fire is said to have originated in the hold among the cargo, but under what circumstances Lloyd's agent at Constantinople, where the disaster oc curred on the 27th of last month, has been unable to ascertain. The ships of war sent their fire engines and boats to aid in the , suppression of the fire, but without avail. She was burned to the water's edge. This makes the twentieth transport - ship that has been lost since the war was declared. The loss of the provisions intended for the troops, at a time when such scarcity of stores exists in the Crimea, is greatly to be regretted. A Li verpool emigrant ship, the St. Patrick, 1,000 tons, Cap tain Whitman, which left that port for New York on the 15th of last November; has been totally wrecked at Barneget. The passengers, 417, and crew, were all saved. TRADES WHICH AFFECT THE EYES. The Committee of the Society of Arts on Industrial Pathology, consisting of Dr. T. K. Chambers (reporter), Mr. J. Simon, F.R.S., and Mr. T. Twining, jun., have just made their first annual report to the council of the society. The report is this year directed to one organ only—the eye, and comprises communications from Mr. White Cooper, Mr. J. Dixon, Mr. Franc e , D r . Gibb, and other ophthalmic surgeons, as well as from some manufacturers and working men. The following is a resume of the report :- 1. That the following classes of artizans are exposed to injury of the eyes from chips, splinters, dust, grit, or fluff, viz., engineers, masons. stonecutters, stonebreakers bricklayers, soda water bottlers, turners, fitters, hammermen and smiths, cutlers, railway guards, rock blasters and quarrymen, millers, chimney-sweeps, workers in cotton, flax-dressers, feather-cleaners, drug grinders (especially in grinding blistering flies), shoe makers (from breaking of the awl) ; and that the following appliances have been found useful in pre venting 'the ill consequences of such exposure, viz., for those liable to blows from large portions of hard sub stances, such as stonebreakers, &c., coarse metal net ting as eye guards, and for those exposed to the finer dust crape spectacles, while at the same time free veroi lation of the apartments they work in would relieve much of the inconvenience. 2. That the following suffer from the chemical nature of the substances which, in the shape of solid particles, get under the eyelids, viz., bricklayers, workers in lime, workers in potash. No special preventive seems to be here pointed out beyond the placing within reach of the workmen the ready means of immediately cleansing the parts with pure water. Some such apparatus as that described in Mr. White Cooper's communication might be placed in the workshop or superintendent's office. (The action of cheniical fumes, strictly so called, has not been reported to cause injury.) 3. That the following suffer from excess of light or glare proceeding from the material used, viz., furnace. men, gilders, bookbinders. No practical remedy for this inconvenience has been suggested, as spectacles which intercept the light would diminish the efficiency of the workman. It may be observed that there is a great difference between excessive illumination of the work, and excess of light on the eye. The latter is the most common, and is considered under a separate head. 4. That the following suffer from deficiency of light, viz., dressmakers, tailors, sempstrasses, cobblers, and, in fact, all who, haying to direct the needle to a definite spot, are unable to command the requisite amount of direct illumination. 5. That the ill effects of deficiency of light aro much aggravated by working long on tho same material or colour. The remedies for this and the foregoing evil are, increase of light and variety of work. 6. That flickering of light is a great evil, which is felt much by compositors and all who work at minute objects by gas illumination. - The simple remedy for this is the employment of glaEs chimneys. 7. It seems improper that an equal quantity of arti ficial light should fall on the work and on the eyes of the workman. It that is the case, the latter become over strained. This evil, when it occurs, is easily obviated by shades to the light, which defend the eye, and throw th e illu mination on the required object. The shades should be made of white or light-coloured material, so as to reflect as much light as possible. Ground glass between the light and the worker is injurious, by intercepting and diffusing the illumination instead of directing it on the object. 8. It seems doubtful whether heat and cold have much ill influences over the healthy eys ; but when it is in a weak irritated condition there is no doubt but that they are injurious. 9. Bad ventilation, constrained postures, over-indul gence in spirituous liquours, the fumes of tobacco, and all other violations of healthy habits, are injurious to tho eyes at the same time as to the rest of the body, and aggravate the bad effects of the above-named in dustrial occupations. 10. The employment of the eye, when the body is in an exhausted state from want of food, prolonged work ing hours, mental distress, ke., even i n h an di cra f ts not of themselves pernicious, is very detrimental to the organ. So that the later periods of work are those which are found most materially to weaken the sight and injure the eye. The shortening of working hours would probably be a saving in the end to both master and artisan, for the faulty execution of that which is completed with an imperfect organ must be a loss to the former, while the latter is ill remunerated by slightly increased wages for the risk of illness which he runs. 11. The diffusion of knowledge bearing on the health of artisans by means of class journals is worthy of the serious consideration of philanthropists. WOOLLEN TRADE. ( From the Leeds Mercury of Saturday.) LEEDS, Jan. 12.—We have to report a little itn provement in the state of the woollen market this week Both on Saturday and on Tuesday there was a good attendance of merchants in the cloth halls, and consi derable activity. A much better tone prevailed gene rally in the market, and a good quantity of cloth changed owners. HUDDERSFIELD, TUESDAY, Jan. 9.—The market to day was an improvement upon our former reports. There were buyers from London and the sister isle in attendance. They, however, did not purchase exten sively, as is supposed from prices not meeting their ex pectations, and the cost of goods having been such that any sensible reduction would strike off all profit. ROCHDALE, Jan. B.—This has been the new, or first market, on which day holiday is kept by the good people of llocHale, and there is necessarily a great hindrance to the transaction of business. The market has been quiet and little doing, at prices no ways different from those of last week. The wool market is inactive, but prices firm. - BRADFORD, Thursday. —Wool—There is no improve. ment to note in this department, but there is every hope of a chango for the better. Yarns—Tho demand for some kinds is improved, and the 'aspect is more hopeful than it has been for some time past. Pieces—This de partment also 'wears; a more cheerful appearance, and hopes are entertained of an improved state of things. HALIFAX, Saturday.—We have had more doing in the piece market to-day, and in yarns there are fair orders out. Tho wool market is rather bare of useful long stapled kinds, and prices, consequently, are inclined to be deaier. Clothing wools likewise show greater activity at illiKOVed rate& COUNTRY MARKETS. 1 HADDINGTON CORN AIA.RICET— .1 JAN• ' 1 , ‘ " 0 ,6 , WHEAT. *EARLEY Ola a ' 103 t First Bos Od 35s 6d 31s OL I 47 , Second 6Bs lld 33s 3d 28s qd, I 435 i . Third 623 Oct 29s 6d 26s ucl 411 ' ~.,,, Total quantity of wheat in market, 490 cl 11 3" of: i , barley „ 551 qrs., .00 0 oats • ~ 181 qrs., 5 , 78 ,4 beans fl 87 qrs., AVERAGES PER IMPERIAL (WARTED. 3. 0 Wheat, 31. 811 8-12ths I Barley, —X- 13 1, Oats, ... V. 8 6 9-12ths 1 Beans, 21. 7 u SP PP DALKEITH GRAIN MARKET—JAN' .{ e l Qrs. Best. Cl/front. 393 Wheat 74 s M 1602 Oats 3os 4d 995 Barley 343 6d 95 Yeas & beans 48 3 01 )o°4 )i) 008: s 9 C ' ''' '' ' ' ' ' '' s O ''''''''' ''''''''''''''' ;2' 96: :; ABERDEEN—JAN. 12. Tho prices of grain to-day are—Oats, 00s i?d i f o rbll 40 lbs per Lusbel; new oats, 24s 0(1 to 25s Gil, 4 orl bushel ; bere, 30s Od to 32s 6d, 531bs per basil' Gib O 1 31s Od to 32s Od, 531bs p er b us h e l ; w h e at, rod, t vvoi 64s Od, 621bs per bu s h e l ; w h ea t, w hit e , 653 O d , ,er bo 62111 s per bushel ; o a t mea l, 19 s Od t o 208 l f pet flonr, 568 Od to 58s 0(1 per sack. Provisions -1 1j too 6d to 8d ; mutton, dittri,.6(l to 8d ; veal, ditto, o i o pork. per lb, Os 5 ( 1 t o O s 61 ;• sa l mon , per lb, 18 0(1 , to es rabbits, each, Od to Od ; t a ll ow , p er s t one , 5s 9 0 .,1 0 1;' potatoes, per peck, 8d t o O s Od ; b u tt er , p e r lb, Y 3 , 4 0k 1 eggs, per do; Os 101 to Os lld ; hens, per Pa l t {, o , 3s 6d ; chickens, ditto, 2s 01 to 2s 6(1; ducks, to 2s 61 ; ducklings, ditto, 2s 6d to 4s 04,,,; 3s 61 to 48 Od ; geese, ditto, 2s 6d to 33 IN 'OO5 for exportation (present cure), per cwt, 8-Cs tc1 ...101A ditto (summer cured), OOs to OOs Od . ; egg s, wholo i 7, / 4 1; per dozen, 6d to 7d ; 41b loaf, 7d ;, 21b loaf , aid fine small, Os Od to Os Od ; pork, l arge , Os Vu IV" lamb, per qr., Os to Os Od ; cheese, per impe l ' 65 Oil to 7.. RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, JAN. 13. STOCK EXCIIIANGE.—The market this morni n g 0,1 improved, and pric es a d vance d t o per ce n t •° I 1 la leading stocks. Caledonian, 30:1; Lancashire 3 shire, 75i ; London and N.-Western, 101 i; 11511 and Lincoln, 25; Midland, 69g. MANCHESTER, JAN. 18. on o' STOCK EXCHANGE.—The market h a s been 0 110 most of the business was for the next account. sale recorded for the cur ren t accoun t was ° 3 shire, 18g. BIRMINGHAM, amt. 13. 1' STOCK EXCHANGE.—The ton e o f th e mar-°t v;,4 decidedly firmer, and prices in advance. Care t DP; Birmingham Guarant ee d Stock, 72k . ; London laf Westerns, 104 Birbaingham and Stour (buyers.) • LEEDS, JAN. 13. .„1001!:( STOCK EXCHANGE.—There was an impre" - c loPi opening, but before the close receded a little , 0 A follows : Lancashire and Yorkshire, 756; 311 0 0 York and North Midlands, 27 1-16 ; Great Northern, pm. SEABORNE MAILS. (N signifies that the mails are sen t f rom the (}e--111 by the night—and AI by the morning—despatch.) / From Wi 1,4.'2' COUNTREEi. day when made Li in General Post- Office, London.* ports o ; Dispatche- Averpool " ' tmerica(byßrit.pack)N Americr. (by United Sta. pac):et) . ..... ....N America (by U. States packet) ..........N Australia (via South ampton) .......... M I Ditto (via Marseilles) N Ditto (via Cape of Goad Hope) •• •• •Ow • • •• • •IC Africa (West Coast) ..N Alexandria.— ...... Alexandria.......... - Bahamas Belgium • • •• • • • • •• •.N Brazil••••••••••••••M i Buenos Ayres Cape of Hood Hope ..N Cape of Good Hope ..N Cape de Verds Ceylon (see India) vory Friday ... Liverpool Boutlll l2l4° Southan 2 l o l Dover !Jan. 4 IJan. 9 13d of the month.. 8,9, 24, & 30 .of Sth & 20th of mon. 17th of the month Daily 9th of the month.. 9th of the month .. . 1) Plymouth ': Dover .. •::,, Sout hamP , , SeatharoPt° pr over .• " ‘ i ; . 1° iuutlittalp ( o q.,),lthany 'I Various P o ' , on ioutliarePt 9th of the mono Ceylon ............N Channel Isles _ Chill. ... ... ht China (see India) Constantinople ......N Constantinople Cont. of Europe M & N Egypt (see India) France ..... g& N Gibraltar .... Greece (see India) I JO, t 111 s ' o utioiniP iouthag'Pl° ,*1& 17th of month 8,13,18,23,&28 of TT 4th & 20th of mon, rwice daily , Dover •• Southall:lP Dover • • • • Twice dai1y...... 4 ,7, 17,20, 27 dm Dove •• 3outhfunP Greytown ......M Elamburgh ..........N Havannah ..........M Holland • • •• .• •• • • •• Id Honduras ..........M India (vlaSouthanipt.)M India (via Marseilles)Al lonian Isles (see India) , Ireland & /NI Madeira ...... • ..... bf Madeira Kalta (see India) 2nd & 17th of mon. Tuesday & Friday 2nd of the montl, _ _ 3ou thitraP t°” l London • • I j i IsouthaMP QtOl. , p o yer „own? ..10 ) 17th of tho month. :5 0 "„% ti :011. "/ '4th & 20th of mon. ilit - •••••.', 9thik 25th of month V ;vcr • • .A. ~Jan• 7, 17, & 27 of mOo q3lloA".sl en litn* Twice daily „ ,„ .•\ '., 4,1 - largq", - ,.. 7, 9,17, & 27 of n, r , ' . . 4 .hatll9.'";lion. 9th :fF month the AralL% Ntattritius (see twilit) _ _ 8, 18, & 23 of mon, Dover ••". Mauritius Mexico ...• •• •• •s •.M Naples N Now Granada .. ..../V1 New &Vaud .......... Papal States .. Peninsula Peru ••• • • • Port Natal ..........N Sicily .. Tuscany •• •• •e •• •• ..N Venezuela ..........M Van Diemen's Land (seel Australia) ... West Indies .. 111th of mnthl '2rul of the mon o th.. ,Southa rriP' .l ;bthlsth2sthofmort.lDover •• •• 21 & 17th of mont h SontheniP t° , l : l o 133 , private ship ..IYarions sthlstll2sthofinon. Dover •• i 7 th 1 7 th 27 thofnion.l SouttitiMPr'r, id & 27th of mon, South arnin(r'tsij By private ship...lYarieuS P° stlllsth2stholmon,lDover ••'' 5 thlb th2s thefinon.(Dover • • •;;;,li 2d& 17th of thonthiSoutharoP. !2d gc. 17th o 1 montb!southanyon., When any of these de spatched on the follovrh Southampton), and the I preceding day. rtes fall ol a Staiday, the trixilc:i; ig day, wall the exception of t n° liana, both of which will be de° -OPOO BA" WIND AND WEATHER - , lio SATuion-, tol. Station. Course of Wi n d. St at e of SVes Greenwich .. Calm Oven/set. Lothbury Leeds Great Grimsby Boston N.W Fine. Cambridge N. Fine. Yarmouth - N.E. Raba. Leamington E. Southampton y— Southampton E. Portsmouth Poole Winchfield E. Hague N.W Cloudy. .., Ipswich ... ....... .. N.W ..... Shrewsbury E. Manchester IV Foggy. Stoke-on-Tront ... S.E. Whitehaven Maryport . Lancaster .... Carlisle . N. Dense fog. Liverpool Holyhead e —Cloudy' Bristol E Plymouth ......... N.E. Cloudy---C °lda Fine—Cold. Exeter ...... ...... N.E Cloudy. . Gloucester ......... E. Cardiff N.E Fine. Swansea E. Haverfordwest ... N.E. C'oudy. Brighton N.E Cloudy. Derby N.E Cloudy. Leicester N.W °toady. Nol,tinghara Aberdeen .. W. Very fine. Dundee • N.W Cleady. Perth ~ N.W Hard frost. Edinburgh W. Foggy. Glasgow N. Cloudy. Newcastle Sunderland Darlington N. Scarborough York Hull No wind.... Fine. 1 'Or The works at the Exhibition Palace are be` on with great activity. Workmen have ai r 1 menced . laying down the flooring of the lame building on the Quay de Billy, and the ro° l t l3 o o o very advanced state. At the same time won:, A, already completed at the extremity of t ' - P Montaigne the general outline of the buildi o 4o4 exhibition of art. It is to be of timber throT g, i o , the workmen are at present engaged in fi!_ t „' l llcD 4 glazed frames which are to give light to the 1”.- BIRTHS. OF A SON. On the 12th inst., at Montagu- s t ree t, 13,00/144 00 Mrs. Theophilus Redwood. OF A DAUGHTER. h itiPif On the 11th inst., at Stafford-house, tho liO rc Kildare. On tho 9th inst., the H on . M rs . Tombe. Y MARRIED. tli 9 ; On the 10th inst., at St. James's Ch urc h, 11 0 'io Henry West, curate of Trinity Church, Ripon , eldest daughter of Captain John H urs t, o f Hu ll i i r, fl r e p On the 11th inst., at St. Peter's, Stepney, Vf, • iip,„o l Esq., of Market-Drayton, Shropshir e , to Dn i : e pr . daughter of the late John Norman, Esq., of 1) 0 7 ../ Clapham-road. DIED. loop On the 11th inst., th e R ev. S amue l Wil s on So LL.D., rector of Bourton-on-the-Hill, an d Caron of Gloucester, aged 94. On teth the 18th ult. i n th e General Hospital, '''‘2 ce w , o i te 1,4 jor Charles St uar t Gl az b roo k , 49th Regt., icAl i y, 2d Division, aged 32, from tetanus f o llowing ° I received en Nov. 17. by th e ex pl os i on o f a ehe l , connoitring the town of Sebastopol. „.. o ,oo * d On the 26th u lt., a t St. Petersburg, Win.. ol _ L rf formerly o f C ornwa ll-t errace , Regent's-park. P"" On the 10th inst., at 73, Westbourne-terrac e ' miral Sir Richard O'Conor, K.C.H. LONDON' : Printed and Published by 311330° s°*o of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at 17 e Sun Ofg c° ' o cil o Strand, In the Precinct of the Savoy, in O le Dicala9,.agillugrs 11 5 , /856. t t azirti oodhc t j enders ' , fore w, N.°RT tee, he AI l'Zorth aPPI / 0 D to r t „ tae Salar DeW ut ies dPPl al 4 atic 4nord tot i n . al: .ke r th , 3 ' 1 Pre ''' ll y kliegs 4 , an d ha 4 , a t] t A t41,101,k, ......... 11 S 2 () tc , ektrl