The Sun. — London, England, 1824-04-09 00:00:00

...„. _ . . ~ .. ..........,. . ~....„ ...._ E • .. / 4..._.t...., ~._,. NUMBER 9869: CONTRACTS FOR PAPER. Janies-street, Buckingham Gate, April 2, 1824. TfiE COMPTROLLER OF HIS MA JESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE is ready to receive TENDERS for various descriptions of PAPER required for >5.. 6 Public Service. Particulars of the Contract can be seen, and Samples of khePipers'required be had, at the Stationery Office. PA ILL 1 AMI-4_, NT. HOUSE OF LORDS, APRILS. Mr. Pascoe Grenfell, Sir Robert Shiv, and several other Members of the Commons brought up several Private Bills, which were all read a first time. Mr. Scott, from the Chamber of London.. presented Papers relative to the Receipts and Expenditure of the Orphan's Fund, and other Papers. The Irish Four per Cents. Bill went through a Committee, and the Report was brought up and read. Lord FORTESCUE preSented Petitions from Dartmouth, Crediton, Kingsbridge, and other places in. Devonshire, for the amelioration in - the condition of Slaves in our Colonies. The Earl of KINGSTON moved fOr a Iteturn of the Nantes of the Sheriffs and Sub-Sheriffs of the Counties of Cork and Roscommon, from the year 1810 to the present time. The Marquis of DOWNSH MK presented a Petition from Banbridge, in the County of Down, and from Belfast, pray. ing for the Abolition of lavery. Lord PRUDHOE presented a Petition. (min Proprietors of Land, Farmers, and other persons in the, county of Northum berland, relative to certain clauses in the Bill for regulating the Duties - on Wool. The tenders mast he delivered on or before Twel ve o'Clock fof the day of rho 14th of April, sealed, and marked " Ten der f'r Paper." NCORPORAT ED SOCIETY for the CON -a- VERSION and RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION and EDUCATION of the NEGRO SLAVES. President, the Lord Bishop of LONDON. Subscrips. Donations. 4111 Pant of Subscriptions and Dons tions already advertised - 4579 4 Q £1,423 t 0 R. R. H.-the Duke of Clarence - 10 0 0 li• R. H. the Duchess of Clarence - 10 0 0 Alnes, G. Bristol - - 2 2 0 Barrett, Rev. J. T., D.D. 14, Duke-st. Westminster - - 2 2 0 lashington, T. Esq. Rotheley Temple ' Leicestershire Down - 5 0 0 Bright, Richard, Esq. Bristol - 21 0- 0 Brickley, B. Esq. ditto - 2 2 0 Bayley, Alexander, Esq. ditto - 22 0 iiitight, Robert, Esq. ditto - 2 2 0 Raillie, Evan, and Sons, ditto - 50 0 B lAsh, R. Esq. ditto - 2 2 0 Bristol, Dean of, ditto - 10 0 0 Bonville, Thomas, Esq. ditto - 22 0 Boddington, Samuel, Esq. - 2 2 0 Batt, J. T. Esq. New Hall, near Salis bury - - 2 2 0 Cotton), George, Esq. . 2 2 0 Chaud, Charles, Esq. Liverpool - 2 2 0 Coleridge, ReV. If. H. . 2 2 0 , Cust, Hon. and Rev. Richd. 26, Great George -street - - 2 2 0 C ust, Hon. Mrs. Edward - 2 2 0 Cust, Hon. Miss _ - 22 0 Calthorpe, Lord - - 6 5 0 Clacton, William, Esq. Bristol - - 1 1 0 Dodd, Rev. P., Rectory, Purshurst, Kent 2 2 0 -klyly, Rev. Dr. - - 2 _2 0 Drinkwater, John, Esq. Liverpool ' 1 1 0 Dennis, Mrs. Norbiton, Surrey - 2 2 0 Dawson, J. H. Massey, Esq. M.P. 87, Gloster-place - - 2 2 0 Durham, Dean and Chapter of - 21 0 0 Daniel, Thomas, Esq. Bristol - 2 2 0 3 0 0 Drayton, Philip, Esq. ditto - 2 2 0 Exeter, Bishop of - - 2 2 0 Ernpaon, William, Esq. - 2 0 0 Pranklyn, Mrs. 28, Gloster-place - 5 0 0 Ford, Ales. and James, Ergs. Bristol 2 2`o Gibb s , George, Esq. ditto - 22 0 George, Christopher, Esq. ditto - 2 2=o Hibbert, George, Esq. - 21 0 0 Hibbert, -George, Esq. - 2 2 0 Riggin, J. Esq. - - 2 2 0 liorsfall, Charles, Esq. Liverpool 2 2 0 2 2 0 Hodgson, Adam, Esq. ditto - Hickens R. Esq. 11, Threadneedl e-;t. 22 0 10 10 % Plolme, ' Miss, 11, lYigmore-street 1 1 0 Howell, George, Esq. Bristol 2 2 0 Holmes, W. Esq. 111. P. Grafton-street 22 0 10 00 . Hervey. Lord - - 10 0 0 blare, George, Esq. Liverpool - 22 0 Lee, Thomas, Esq. ditto , 2 2 0 Littledale, Isaac, Esq. ditto - 1 1 0 Lipseombe, Rev. C. - - 2 2 0 - Lawrence, J. H. Esq. Bristol - 1 1 0 Lonsdale, Rev. John, Queen-square 2 2 0 :Voss., John, Esq. Liverpool - 2 2 0 _Myers, William Esq. ditto - 22 0 11`Kenzie, K. F. Esq. ditto - 22. 0 _Mitchell, J. Esq. M.P. 35, Wimpole street - 2 2 0 Mitchell, W. Esq. 50, Harley -street 2 2 0 -Mitchell, R. Esq. 85, Wimpole-street 2 2 0 :Mitchell, James Henry, Esq. Astrop, Northa mpton - - - 2 2 0 Alitchell, Mr.- - - 2 2 0 - 111ontague, W. Rhodes, Esq. Bristol 22 0 Alayres, H. A. Esq. ditto - 1 1 0 Al'ldeod, Rev: Dr'. - --2 2 0 Alrtin, Josiah, Esq. 4, Nottingham- • place, St. Marylebone - - 5 3 0 5 5 0 Norris, Rev. H. H. Hackney _ 2 2 0 Nurse, Rev. Bryan Taylor, beinerara 1 1 0 Pe terborough, Dean of - _ 2 2 0 Pinney, Charles, Esq. Bristol - 22 0 50 0 Richards, Rev. Dr. - - 2 2 0 Ricketts, T. B. Esq. Combe, Hereford 22 0 Rose, Miss Frances Theodora - 1 1 0 Rose, Mrs. Theodora - - 11 0 Rees, Rev. Dr. Thomas, Bristol - 1 1 0 andbach, Samuel, Esq. Liverpool - 2 2 0 Srnith, Samuel M. Esq. ditto - 1 1 0 Shepherd, Rev. Henry - - 1 1 0 Savage, Mrs. Surbiton, Surrey - 1 0 0 `.Gene, P. F. Esq. Liverpool - 2 2 0 Taylor, G. W. Esq. Cavendish-square 10 10 0 10 10 0 ...rent, --Esq. Portland-place - 20 0 0 ~,vaughan, John and Phil. Bristol - 5 0 0 vaughan, John Esq. ditto - 2 2 0 V aughan, Phil. Esq. ditto • 22 0 Weare, William, Esq. ditto - 5 0 0 Yard, R ev . J. G. Chelmsford - 1I 0 ard, T. Esq. Southampton - 1 1 0 rates, Jos. Brooks, Esq. Liverpool 2 2 0 J. T. BARRETT, D.D. Secretary. A-nutial - Subscribers of 1/. Is. and Donors at any one time are associated Members of this Society, and are entitled to its E Ports. Donations and Subscriptions received at the following Rankers, viz. —Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smith, Mansion Rouse -street ; Messrs. Barnard, Dimsdale and Dimsdak, Cornhill : Messrs. Sykes,- S na ith, an d Co. ' Mansion House greet; :Messrs. Hoare, Fleet-street; Messrs. Cocks, Cocks, Ridge, and Bitidulph, Charing -cross ; Messrs. Harnmersley, Pali -mall ; Messrs. Rivington, 3, Waterloo-place, and St. Paul's Church-yard; by the Treasurer, Thomas Porteus, Esq. 34, Half Moon-street, Piccadilly ; and by the Secretary, 14, Duke -st reet , W estminster. Note.—Offers of Service to be made at the Society's Rooms, No. 14, Duke-street, Westminster. i The Earl of KINGSTON presented a petition from eCilli grif, in the county of Tipperary, praying. for an alterateori in the Tithe Bill. On the motion of the Noble Earl the petition was read, and complained of there• being no church in the parish, 6f the tithes being'exhorbitant, and of their being n ow extended to that peat which was dug for tiring.—The petition was ordered to be laid on the table STATE OF IRe:LAND. On the Motion of the Earl of DARNLEY, the Order of the Day was then read, and the Noble Earl rising, desired that the , Clerk Might read that part of his Majesty's Speech which re lated to Ireland, as follows :—" In Ireland, which has for.some time past been the object of his Majesty's particular solici tude, there are many indications of amendment, and his Majes ty relies upon your continued endeavours to secure the welfare and happiness of that part of the United Kingdom." The Noble Earl then said, that nothing but a-sense of duty had induced him to bring forward a question of such importance and magnitude as the state of Ireland, as he was fully aware of his inability to do justice to the subject. He could not attempt to trace more than its outline, and shoUld have acquiesced with the seggestiou of a Noble Friend, and potponecl hishiotion till all the Pipers for which he had called were laid before the House, had he not thought.that many brahclies of the interests of Ireland must of necessity come into diacuseion within a short • period, and that it would be adeiseable to cause their Lordships to take a general view of the state of that country be foie it was-partially debated. He therefore claimed an unusual share of the indulgence of their 'Lordship ; he entreated them rather to coesider the subject than the individual by - whom it was introduced, and not to suffer the cause to be injured -by the inability of its advocate. It was a remarkable spectacle to see this great country flourishing more thileany other part of Europe, : her manufactures in full..activity, her agriculture reviving, her commerce embracing the world, her remotest dependencies sharing in her . prosperity,- the attention of her Parliament directed to improving the condition of slaves, anti at the same time to behold her nearest and most important possession in a state of wretchednese and disorder, This hour I . .of general prosperity to the res t of the empire, to which she alone formed an exception, was the most advantageoue tinie for taking an exten de d and statesmanlike view of her ceeelitien• Be fore he entered upon the subject he was anxious to ei guard agast the possibility ofbeing thought hostile to the prese nt Govern ment of Ireland. So f a r wa s he from it, that the Noble Ilfar quis at the h ea d of t h at G overnm e nt was ' the person with whom the earliest as soc ia t i ons of his youth were formed. Tie had been taught to look up to him as a child, and had followed. his splen- I did progress with - m - ore than ordinaey. ankiete.• Under , the. une toward circumstances iii the midst of-which that Noble Mar quis was piazed, he did not see lidw he could have conducted himself better than he had done, and the best proof of this was his being at the present moment unpopular with both extreme parties in Ireland.'' The Noble . Earl then adMitted that much bad been done by the - Irish Government in collateral measures. i Ile praised the attempt to alter the System of titheseanci- intro duce other' beneficial enactments. lie however feared that their Lordships would again be called upon to revive the Insure I rection Act this year. He called upon them to look at the trials now taking place in Ireland, and they 'would see that though the Constabulory Bill, under certain restrictions might be productive of good, a great portion of the riots which h a d ended in murders in Ireland had been perpetrated by those who, under that Act, ought to have been the preservers of peace. He contended that party animosities etere at this mu. ment higher than ever in Ireland. He did not complain of the I Noble Earl opposite or of his colleagues ; they had only trod in the steps of their predecess.rs. Let ,their Lordships re fresh their memories by reading the history ofireland, and I they would see that the state of that • country for sit hun- I dred years presented nothing but oppression on the one hand and suffering on the outer. From Henry IL to George IV., from Earl Strohgbow to the Marquis of Wellesley, but one system had been pursued, that of disunion. This system was the reverse of what it ought to have been : -but it was still kept up, and there was still the same distinction between the Eng lish and Irish, between the Catholics and Protestants in lieland, - as in the earliest ages of the Conquest. Hoe-ever impartially it was wished by the Government that the laws should be admi nistered there was more impartiality in their administration than , there ought to be. Nothing short of a total subversion cf that system could lead to a change in the situation of the country.— The Noble - Earl was then understood to recommend the eman cipation of the Catholics as a measure which ought to-proceed fiom his Majesty's Goveinment. In every free State all classes of subjects had a right to be admitted to the enjoy ment of it privileges, unless it could be proved that they would be dangerous to its existence. He should neglect his duty if he did not take that opportunity of giving ee so- ' lemn warning to their Lordships. The moral force of pub lic opinion was against the system adopted towards the Ro man Catholics. The subject might now be considered with temper ; we were at peace, and we still had the prospect of some years of peace before us. Let their Lordships profit by the opportunity :—Let them divest themselves of all pree n _ dice, and consider whether it were possible to adopt sonic great arrangement, including Catholic Emancipation, and to devise some enactments by which to effect it. Certainly much had been done by the present Government to ameliorate the condition of Ireland, hut it was to be feared that the measures hitherto adopted had not produced the effect which was expected from -them, and that party spirit had rendered them abortive. This was not a new case in Ireland. A person who held the office of Secretary in that country three hundred years age, after wondering that no course was taken to establish a better Go. vernment, had added, "hut some say it is the fate and destiny of that Land that no measure devised for the public good shall prosper." Nothing effectual could, he was convinced, be done for that country, unless the Measure which he conceived to be the only foundation on which the peace of Ireland could rest were adopted. He did not mean, however, to say. that Catholic Emancipation would remove all the evils under,which Ireland laboured, but it would lay the only basis foe real paci fication and improvement. Upon this subject, the most MI- . portant of all others, his Alajesty's Ministers could not agree amongst• themselves. The Noble Earl oppo site e would pro bably say that a reason against granting Emancipation was to be found in the violent speeches of the Catholic Body. But he would ask the Noble Earl whether that was the only violent party in Ireland ? Ile had seen writings by a (Urge man of the Establishment, who had 'put his signature, contain ing the most gross and illiberal eibaldry egainst the Catholic Church. Was not that a ground of imitatton ? Nay, were not the language and the acts of the Orange Party in Ireland justly disavowed by Gentlemen who professed themselves Orenee men, were they net subjects of irritation ? Its Ireland Catholics were viewed by the Orangemen in general in the same light as Jews. He was happy to say, however, that that feel ingewas- not universal, and he saw a Right Reverend "Prelate opposite, who, by his conduct in his. ministry and his charge to his Clergy had shown the true genuine spirit of Chris tianity. Let his Right Rev. Brethern also prove by their con duct that theirs was the true Religion. The Noble Earl then took a view of the state of the Church in Irelaridond of the die proportion which existed between its revenuesand the duties it had to perform. He wished it to he clearly understood, that no- ' thing which he said applied directly or indirectly to the Church of Great Britain, where the splendour of the Hierarchy and Es tablishment was only consistent with the greatness of the country and the splendour of the Monarchy. But in Ireland, where the proportion of Protestants was so smell that it amounted to scarcely .halfa million out of seven millions, the Hierarchy con sisted of no less that four - Archbishops anale Bishops, who positively possessed more wealth than the English Clergy. He • REDUCTION OF TAXES, itc. This Day were published, Is. 6d. ,P RACTICAL FINANCIAL OPERA TIONS, as sugg e sted to hi s M a j esty ' s G overn ment ; navinf in view, amongst oth er o bj ects , t h e REPEAL of SEyN MILLIONS of ANNUAL TAXES ; Loans on Mortga ge at Four per Cent. Interest to the Resident Land FroprietOrs of Ireland; and both the Education and Employ ment Of the Hush Poor, as the most Salutary means of meliorat ing their condition. By JOHN BRICKWOOD. Sold by C. and J. Rivington, Waterloo-place, and St. Paul's Church-yard ;J. Ridgway, Piccadilly ; Sherwood, JonOs, and Paternoster-:ow ; and J. M. Richardson, Cornhill- ", 1 ark X 0 w-• . . 49,173 S , ' .I I : • g f 6 _ f 3 '<; ,soopr 1 1 FRIDAY, APRIL 9, 1824. wished. to pot that wealth, on stielt a footing that every Subject should receive the benefit of retie-ion with encroaching on the rights of the Clergy, Here the Noble Earl was understood to recommend certain reductions io flit! Establishment by which a provision might be made for the Protestant, Clergy in lien of tythes, and a fund set :smart for the education of the Poor Cletgy of th e C a th o li c s. He alsorecoin lanned pp n d s e u dt o h r a t o that, rt t i l ie the residence of .Clergymen should be enforced, and that they should, b e more equally distributed over the face of the country fi r tee benefit of the people. He then al lnded to the Commission appointed at the suggestion of the other House, for inquiring into the state of Education in lreland. Ireland. Much would det;e - id on the manner in which that Commission would be formed, - The - Subject of education had been more .or less attended to at various times by the Irish Governmeno but unfortunately, every system of education introluce:sentryinto that :sentry had Proceetle,d on, a, false ground. In th e Year 1733, schools had been eata blished for the Catholics; but the object being to make pro selytes to the Protestant religion., the Catholics had . set their faces against 'those institutions; which had thus, produced creating - a spirit. of opposition and of jealousy which it,had b een impossib le s i nce to era di cate. by - T M h or e e ie h w ar a n s i a t n h o a t : er good yind of schools, the Diocesan Schools, esta fbelwisiiintel ntunas early iy ease sltaltiesa deprived c;f. reign of Vetter VI1I.; hut they were the power of being useful by the idea still entertained by the C a tholics, that inwas, meant directly or indirectly to make proselytes of their children. He was convinced that no beneficial streets would flow to any - extent from any system of, education which would give cause to suspect that it might be intended as an instrument of pro selytism, and he hoped and tiusted that the Commission would set out with the conviction that no systaita - of education would prove eifeetive which did net steer clear of such a suspicion. The Noble Earl then recommended. the situation Of the Irish peasantry, to the serious consideration of the House. He considered the introduction of potatoes into a soil so fertile, and a climate so mild as that of Ireland, to - have been one of the causes. which had reduced the people to its present unfortimate situation. It had produced a numerous, popula tion living on the lowest means, without the necessity of much cultivation or labour; for the small spot of' ground o' which the Irishman raised his fatl, also furnished him with the fuel for boiling; it, and prevented further exertion. The obvious rernedy for superabundance of population was emli;oYmer.lit The subdivisio n o f land Ireland also occasioned much Of the misery of the people, and that misery hied, in _some measure, arisen from what teas one of the greatest boons which could be given to a couutry—the Elective P ranchise. • For that Franchise had increased the evil of the subdivitiion of Property by leading to the creation of wretched tenements for the purpose of making freeholders the only manufacture which flourished in that country. It would, therefore, be worthy of consideratloo whether, when certain advantages should be offered to tho tholics on the one. hand, it should not be proposed to them on the other as a fair matter of negotiation, to relinquish part of that. fatalpriviteete Which had been grantedio them. The Noble Earl then adverted to the injury doae to Ireland by the ab sence of its chief proprietors, and Urged them, et least, to hip. prov e their estates by giving employment to the people. 'Fills was It duty which they had to perftirm, but which the Goverp , merit ougot.to assist them in performing. If there was a case in which the principles of political 'economy ought to be 'laid aside .for- nonnent, it was the ease of Ireland. lie should, therefore urge the necessity of giving eueouragemeet by every possible means to the indu,nry of the lower and still hoped that as a matter of policy and humanity the bounties on the exportation of coarse lineits would nut he immediately withdrawn. Ile should also remind resident pro. prietors that it was their duty to take. care that every public work undertaken in Ireland should not be turned into, a jrth for private advantage. The Noble Earl read a passage from the report of a distinguished engineer, Mr. Gilmore, -to thew : by better authority than hiS own, that the system of convert • ing public works into .priv a te jobs prevailed in Ireland to a great extent.. lid theo recapitulated tire chief points which he had mentioned in the 'course of I is speech. He thought that no genhral good could be effected in Ireland_ until the ties tiiolotefr C , laitnhodetii lictneeritaeti of cipa was settltd, 4 , it must be,itooner n attempts to prevent it. He re-- com Mended their Lordships to take into serious ionSideration the state of' the Church Establishment in Ireland,• and the means p e ople and imp rov in g i ts - condition From the cdcuing the l iep u at ' ernal i i s position of his Majesty—troth his having visited Irelando.-and from his parting admonition and the sentiments which it contained, he was not Without hopes that some recommendation might be brought down to that House; which, coming from t h e sponta n eous e b u li t i on of his he was c o nvinced the Right Reverend Bench d that toe Protest ant scruple to ad m i t the propr i et y o f t h e c h ange, an %, :‘ , l o l, l i l e a st v le ' a s v r e eg n a n ril s , e Establishment, which they were bound to maintain, would b e strengtheoed by it. In the me a n time he called upon their Lordslups to do what they could, and to bestow the deepest ettention on the state of Ireland. An army of 2.1,000 - men was now in that country, but if the system of her Government was not altered, it would noo be fifty thousand men that would keep her down. He was not to e h , o i lt h e e t r te i r , e n t s t ,. t er a s s of w the p e i fl o tLe t n s c h e e ot e ' n t l h il i d s alwaysse a n n n u tt i y n r e eam e r n n an o hn 7 ‘Vh at t h en wo u ld b e h er tanner if at Peace. peace. in time of war Ireland slunildremain in the state iii which she now was, or in one still more desp era t e ? Tbere was nothing that the Irish bore so ill as contumely and neglect; but if well treated, they would become a source of strength instead of' danger to the empire. This was the most favourable tirne - for considering dispassionately whether all other modes having failed, a new. system - should rot be adopted. England owed much to Ireland ; and unless .their Lordships speedily ap plied a remedy, .tltey would not have it in their power to save that country. - The Noble Earl concluded by moving thiti a Select Committee b e appointed to consider how far the mea sures for the regulation of Ireland, lately adopted by Parlia ment, or recommended by his Alajesty's Ministers, have tended, or are likely to tend, to remove discontents, to alleviate animosities, and to ameliorate the state of that country, and whether any or what other farther measures may be required to secure the happiness and welfare of that part of his Majesty's dominions ' The Earl of LIVERPOOL should have wished, before he troubled their Lordships, to have heard the sentiments of as many of the Noble Lords connected with Ireland as were pre sent. hut feared that if he did not take the present opportunity of addressing them, he should have been unable at a later hour to do it._ Had he thought such a Committee as thaopeoposed by the Noble Earl likely to prove beneficial to Ireland or to the empire, he should not oppose it. But he was firmly persuaded that no good would arise from complying with the motion, and that the question had better be met by another course than that proposed by ohe Noble Lord, which might lead the country into serious difficulties and considerable in conveniences. In the (motet of what he had to say, and before he.entered iota the other branches of the subject, he wished to do justice to the character of the Irish people. Ile had, never visited Ireland, and was not therefore acquainted with her • localities ; bat in his private capacity and his public situation he hail conic into contact with large masses of Irish people.— He had seen the leading part which they took in all the• branche's of industry of this great metropolis, toed in every town fit the country. Ile had constantly and minutely looked into their conduct as mechanics and labourers, and he was able to say, that whatever it might be in their own country, out of' it there was not any people in the world, more industrious, more honest, more kindly disposed, and more alive to a sense of obligation for kindness shorn towaeds them.— (Hear e hear He laid this seat any man should - be senseless enough to ima gine that the evils of their country arose from a fault in the character of her people. Whether he looked to the Army, to the Navy, or to every branch of useful industry, he saw not a more valuable race of men than the Irish upon the face of the earth.---(Hear, hear!) —Having now done justice to the people of Ireland, he initst also do it to the mangy itself, and point out that in the view which was to be taken of iteeituation, a greet distinction should be made, as to su'serior order and industry, between the province of 'Ulster and the rest of Ire land. 'rliat province was in a state of &renting prosperity, and if' not in as flourishing a situation as some parts of Great Bri- - tain, meta as much so in manufactures and agriculture as most parts of the United Kingdom. Great advantages, therefore, belonged to that province over the rest of Ireland, which en titled it to be excepted from the picture of misery which had been drawn, and the exception' was not of small importance, as it embraced one-third of the whale country. With respect to the policy adopted in foriner times towards Ireland, he admitted it to ,}have been a polio): of tyranny anti oppression; and when tyranny and oppression were not exercised, be also admitted that the sOtish and narrow principles which then dispaced our. owl) statute books, were applied to Ire land . with an additional degree of intensity. There were other circumstances, however, frpm which,- although credit able to this country, Ireland ' had received se Much injury as from the system of tyranny by which they had been Pre . ceded. lie meant the giving to her the full enjoyment of those British institutions for which She was not' prepared. A. different course of policy had been adopted towards Scat land. Tlieir Lordships knew that' Scotland was, at one time, i n a worse situation shim Ireland." If, hlter 1745, we had given' her the laws and institutions of England, she would never have arrived at that degree of prosperity, ,whihh she hed . now reached._ But her special situation and wants had been looked to at the time and. provided for, and it hat?' not been imagined that what wits a Supreme good in England' must of necessity be the same in a country placed under different circumstances. Ho should now call the attention of their Lordships to the numerous laWs which had been, passed daring the reign of his late .11tijesty - for the Of Ireland. In doing so he might appeal to the opintwt.Of a Noble Baron who. Was no longer Le the habit of a tten di n g the service of that . Louse, t‘ that there was no in stance in the world of's° meth( acts of heneticenZe for any . countryas for Irel an d d u ri ng th e at die queetton of taxation. It late reign." There. Lordships were not aware of the situation in Which. Ireland stood with respect to England. No country But whilst Ohs was had ever done, from the beginning of the•woeld, so much for a done a t n ir d o - 1 3 : 7 ,n ill a c y ed do f u o - r limb of its Eriehire : as this country had I s reland. He should first look was wall known that England, in Consequence of the late contest, was taxed beyond the average of hly taxed bekond any country in Europe. the case, Ireland had,heen so far relieved by 'England" taking her debt upon herself, that she. (ft:eland) was the least hexed any country in Europe wigs the exceptioet of Switzerland. It ought to be itnown that. Great Itrititio wee tared five thiles as much as Ireland, and that Ireland was the only country in • Europe which paid no direct takeS . te the Government. Except ingtithes, no direct impost was paid by the people in Ireland. Unfortunately for them, ie he thought they had no provision ,for the: phor—poor's rates were tinknOwn in Ireland: New when he stated that, as compared with other countries, Great Britain was doubly tasted, and that Ireland was lesS taked then any country in Europe, .he stated but a email part of What he could urge on this' subject. While in consequence oh the low rate of taxation eleewhere e it was deemed necessary to protect English industry by dutiee and prohibitions. 'Now, though Ireland paid not one-fifth of: the taxee which were borne by Great Britain, not half the amount of takes paid in the Netherlands, and other countries, yet Ireland bad the an- Vantage, o bringing her" gnatis intothe 1' rietliett market on equal terms with the peonies of this Country. It was necessary that Ireland should be aware of this fact, that having her taxes lowered' to one-fiftli of 'the amount paid in dui' country, she was protected from those duties which attached to the Com merce of all otheeecountriei. NeVer since the beginning of•the world had the Government of one country acted more generotia ly towards another than the Governinent of England had acted towards Ireland.. He would put it to any considerate scan' l to say, speaking front his heart, that he was:jultified in drew. ing such a _conclusion. Whatever had been the c2nduct of England towards Ireland in former periods; he would say that, in recent times, at present the most liberal policy, with respect to her was acted 'upon by his Majesty's Ministers . . _Whatever differences of opinion might exist as to the 'pro priety of continuing ttie religions disabilities which-were the subject of complaint, the real grievancea of Ireland were not necessarily connected with them. But when any evil was pe culiarly complained of, an inquiry' into the nature of it had been readily conceded. Commissioners had been apkiointeil to investigate various - grievances, and important fiscai rei'orrns had grown out of their labours. There was, he beliz:ved, nu difference of opinion as to the merit of their exertions. Th e y bed done everything in their power to probe the ease to the ; bottom in which their services, had been engaged. Much bad heea done for Ireland by pr9mo;:ing the edacation of the poor, and the inquiries which had hhen set on foot in connection anti • diet subject. 'Pulse things borne in mind he thought, it must he admitted, that but a small portion of the evils complained of in Ireland were fairly ,to he charged on the Government. • The GOvernment and the Legislature had not,ben unsuccess. fol in their efforts to .promote education in Ireland. Persons of all classes admitted, as he wits sure the Noble Margnie op posite.would, that . tiethis respect much improvernentliad been made. iVhich may still be e going on. A Society had beeh , formed in 1817, for the purpose of educating 'thti Irish poor without regarding flit: differences of religion. The Society had in the following year eight scho uls ;' in 1319, 1 3 ; in 182,2, 241; and in the last year, 1322. To show the progressive. in . crease of the .applications for schools, he would state what they had been in the last year. The epplications received in the first quarter were 63 ; in, the second,73 ; in the third, 117 ; and in the fourth, 142. The totelnumber within the year being 395, . consideeable, dietruet of the object had been manifested tit first, buothis began to subside, and the applications were last year as numerous from Munster as they had previously been from Ulster. Ile described the Care with which all religious dis tinctionswere avoided ire these Schools, and stated near l y h a lt' the masters of them to.be ll:mien Catholics. Th e good effects' P fth ese by the me t i o r r e c s h c o o tfdadmn notbut immediately h witnessed, a s pro dicedthe satisfaction to to know that the most encouraging re s u lts were • alread y re port- t . ed. He had stated this that it might be known how the system worked. Au Hon. Member in other Hotise had moved that a new Commission should issue on this subject. To this lie could have no objection, as he wished the fullest inquiry to take .place, and was prepared to make almost any sacrifice to forward i the objeet in view, He agreed that it was highly important such arrangements should be made with respect to the Police, as 'Would leave the Catholics no cause to complain. This'had beettattended to. The Catholics had been appointed to situa tions in the Police ' in common with Proteetantsh and no diffe rences had arisen between the parties, but such as were likely .to occur between individuals of the same persuasion. For the tithes he would admit that theSe occasioned grievances in Ire landewhich were not occasioned by tithes in England. There might be grievances which did and 'which do require a re medy, but still he would say that an Unfair view of this sub jset had been taken by some of the Noble Lords opposite. The division and subdivision of lands lie held to bean evil, and the mode of collecting the tithes might require correction ; but' if the tithes were abolished to-morrow, the tithe-payer might depend upon it that he would have infinitely more than their amount. to pay to his - landlord. In looking at the state of ; the peasantry of leeland, he considered that no practical remedy could be supplied but that which might grow out of a considerable alteration in the manners of the country and the management of the estates. The endless divisions and subdi visions of property he had stated to be an evil, and another he traced to the . rent of the landoehich considering the different circarnstances of the two countries was let at an infinitely higher rate in Ireland than land let for in England. Irish peasants, it should be remembered, were in a situation hnlike that in which ' any other body of men were found in the British empire. They had had many petitions in favour of abolishing Slavery in the West, Indies. lie wished it could be abolished. The existence of slavery was an evil, and a greater one to the master, pre haps, than to the slave, from its giving the former a sense of power over a fellow -creature, which ought to be lodged in the hands of no mortal man. But where elevery was in, question, the good must be taken with the bad. Of whatever else the slave might complain, .he was secure of being fed and clothed whether sick or well. The Serfs, the Clansmen, and all persons depending on a superior, had some spit of proviiion made for them liy the Proprietor of the soil. But such .was not the case with the peasantry of Ireland, there was no provision for them. Every other laboaret felt that he had a home, but the Irish, peasant had no home, had not those rights which others might claim. This led him to speak of absentees. If any per eon thought he adverted to this subject from an idea that the number of individuals absent ,from their estates was a consi deration of importance, that person was mistaken. Nl' hat he meant to contend was, that the abeence of the proprietors gave a different character to the whole . community. What las it but these gave Tise to the middle men, who were so often the subjects of complaint ? The middle men was in jurious to both landlord and tenaot, as wherever his agency was used a profit for him must be secured. • Political eco nomists heed differed on the que;tion, whether it were de sirable for the community that preperty shonld be collect ed in large masses, or divided into smell Vans ? A prac tical man would favour both. Where there was a small pro perty there was more economy—whele a large one, more liberality anti atteetion to the wants of the labourer. Both • ought to exist in the same , cortnpopity, •as each acted ad vantageously upon the other. Bot when a mass of Pro prietors. were withdrawn from the estates, and removed so from generation .to generation did it not stand to reason that a most material impression must be wade on the property of Ireland. From this he accounted for the difference between Ireland -and Scotland. Ireland was not more distant from London then Scotlaral, and there could be no doubt that the same 'prosperity would attend " the former, if the same atten tion were paid by the proprietors as was paid by those. of the }utter, tied greater properity he believed was not. hopem ~,i'~i . "-X - ci•, %O h . e RICE BEtri*pri,;ct:' -, - a any iehere than in Scotland. If the evita Complained ofgtew out of the tithe system; or out of the want, of oh/cation *Alt* the lower elasses, let specific measures be introduced tie"te medy the. evil, but he objected to a general motion liki a diat now before the House. Ireland was frequently compared Scotland, but Ireland was different f r om any o th er coun t ry that ever existed, In - Ireland was, seen a Protestant Governinepte with part of the. population Protestant, and part Catholics ...: The great Mass of the property, landed find commercial, Protestant ; the great mass of the population certainly Catfahlic. Now if the religious disabilities which some deScribed to be the cause of all the evils which afflicted Irelaud..were removed, it could not be denied that the immher of individuals to *host such a - Measure would bring. relief must be very small indeed. But it was said such a measure.wOuld be good, as one of coati; Nation. If the effect of it would be to make the Protestants Catholics, or the Catholics Preitestentee he could 'believe thatit might prove beneficial; but if. it were to leave the Protestatata and Catholics to go on as heretofore, be could not See for his life what good it would do in that respect. He considered that measure ought to be taken up on different grounds; but ort that question lie would not now enlarge. The Noble Earl then briefly recapitulated the main points which he had been anxious to press on the attention of their - Lordships, and eon; chided by declaring, that having given his best attention to the subject, he could not see what good was to be expeated froki agreeing to the motion of the Noble Lord. The Marquis of LA NSDOWN though he ageeeal with The Noble End who had just sat down on some points, yet differed from him' as to the inquiry proposed by his Noble Pliant!, which, lie contended,' was as necessary as any that had been called for at former periods of our history. All the topics treated upon ranged thernselves under two heads, and they hivd but to choo se w h et h er th e y would take the view suggested. by one of these or the others. The first consideration was what made the situation of Ireland an anomaly, throwing out of theAr calculation, whether or not the Church there established was in unison with the feelings of 'the people; . and the se*cl was, whether these statutes applied to correct the evils greiv.: ingout of that anomaly he had deseribed, and Which travelled out of the Constitution, were calculated to give the goat*. tion and GoVernment of that country security and repose:— The Noble MarquiS proceeding to discuss those points, coil vintied that the circurnstances which rendered Ireland clisehirie lar to etcry other country in Europe, were adverse to thi • real prosperity of the empire, and argued that, the inertetitas adopted to guard against the evils thearce arising were not, itleis as - ought to prevail. After all that the Noble Earl had tat them Government had done for Ireland, he was not prepared to say that that practical order had been flecured,. and that sincere attachment to England, which could exempt us 6 . 90 that addition to ounhurdens, which the Noble Earl wouhl morrow 'call Upon' them' to hear When proposing to tlieni augmentation on account-Of Ireland: There was sonietli* then that prevented the measures devised by the Noble g irl for the benefit of Ireland from producing the deSired effec t:— But When told of the 'generosity of this country towards Ire land, he must remind the Noble Earl of some of the circtini stances connected with the display of generosity. ,He Wintid chew that that generosity might-be fairly named expedieite)* expediency founded on an _enlarged view of the aituatiOn- of both countries. If Iteland produced much corn and Eiigaid but little , was a-favour to allow - her corn to be constimi On England on condition that she took our manufactures f4t the !•eonsumotion' of Ireland ? • 'When they were told of the sence between taxation:in England and taxation in • the reason was obvious.. •It was beca use th e f ormer ataallie richest, the latter the poorest country in Europe. Theta/tea -had been reduced in Ireland, but first they bad beentolariVy augmented, that their produce diminished from the eirt,ent to which they had been p us h e d ' Th e taxes which had forinerly given a million, from being- angmented eunk to half a Million. —Then we became generous and remitted the eitralardliiiiry duties most felt, and nOV fiChind was likely to flay . a Million again. Ireland was reviViiigon the ruins of those laws tinder which sire had suffered, for to the tyrannical - laws Whichlad been in force, 11,,. imputed much of that diepcisition'arebel which had manifested itself in the North at' Ireland.— He dwelt on the sad effects of past mis-goVernment, , but warmly praised the measures latterly adopted by •Go vernment, and expressed particular satisfaction at seeing the principle of a commutation of tithes admitted. He hoped Ministers would follow it up, till the practice of commutation. should become general throughout Ireland. There was another question to which the Noble Earl had adverted, and which; in the unhappy situation of that country, must always demand particular attention, he meant the state of' the administration ,of justice, Than this-nothing could have greatet inflhencecin the manners and feelings of the people. °tght it to - be sup posed that Irishmen were found residing in all other countries from choice ? Ought it not rather to he ascribed to the state of the laws there and the peculiarities in the administration of justice. On the subject of middle-men, he begged to remaik, that such persons were as much employed by the resident Gen - try as by the absentees of Ireland. From various circum stances, he was sorry to say that Ireland had not through many years enjoyed the advantages intend e d fo r h e f i n th e full and h d e o ni th is er ch d ie is fs tin w g h u ic is h he h d a dc Policeha a rTi r s a i ehcntaepdfrresorbms oteoentnsh effecte% pr tot : this,ehf odaratu guil ty b l e t ' e t fair administration of justice. He, however, acknowledged that the greatest efforts had been made by his Majesty's Go vernment, and especially by that part of it which was mere immediately connected with Ireland, to accomplish that most desirable object. He 'eulogised the efforts of Chief Jeatiae inferior agents. He imputed no indisposition to f luent to appoint proper ct p hh ro .oel p c e e r . persons, but admitted the l ß ts a he ru ' ie l e s b co h t n e i ie vn d e a r i o t: s d ere e c tue difficult y o o fb markinge the agents a right of creating those very disturbances which it was their duty to put down. He had received a letter within these few days front Ireland, one passage of which he would repeat; it was this—" The Assize here is just over ; it would have been a maiden one but for the disturbances created by the police." —Those men who bad been engaged by Government to guard against a disturbance, had been guilty of going into a fair, and enticingenen to drink till they became drunk, and then murder ing them, fOrso he thought he might fairly describe their Crime. These men had been convicted of manslaughter by a Protestant Jury, and had received sentence of transportation. To shew the effects of past misgovernment, and to shew how little the people calculate on obtaining justice at the bands of Government, he would state what had occurred on this occasion, The farnily pf the person who had lost his life was so poor, that it was consi tiered they could not obtain 'legal advice if left to their own resources. The Government upon this, very commendably i and very promptly directed feu; libig's Counsel 'to contlitet the case. I , our Gentlemen prepared to obey, and would doubt less honourably have discharged their duty, but so little •faith had the former in the good intentions of Government, that they actually subscribed to have a Counsel of their own, and Mr. Wallace had been sent to Maryborough, and, on his skewing, the verdict and sentence had been obtained. This he men doped, but to shew the rooted belief which prevailed among the .people that they were proscribed, and could not hope f?.: j4S dee at the hands of Government. A resointion come to he the Grand Jury of the county of Roscommon, had been communi cated to him, which charged the constables sent down be Go vernment with creatingdisturhaneee and extortingmoncy, under the sanction of the person at the head of the Police there, Who had culpably endeavoured to screen them from punishment. He stated this as another instance of the difficulty of admi nistering justice even where the Government were thaposed to effect that important object. The Noble Merqpis alhttled to various cases, in which individuals had been impro perly molested, . and where blood had been shed, without its being found practicable to bring the authors of , such outrages to justice. These things he mentioned as emu - peeve in favour of that inquiry which had been called for l,yhi, Noble Friend. He noticed the ineerions etl'eets of Opp.,_ grand jury on the importance of putting the m dwri, charge processions, and read the remark s o f M r. Baron laVOle'l4*.rin a late n geden the misconception, wild counquent oe g e e n t i o a a contents in Ireland, which it was his Lordship's behef led the peasanne under the impreasion, that equal justice would tot be dealt-out to them, to outrages, burnings, and murders, He thought those in any way connected with the_Oraege institq tion 8 and Orange processions ought not to be placed or cone in teed i n o ffice, as their being so, only strengthened the popular he lief to which he had alluded, as the fruitful source of ennem heredrils. No one could be more favourable than hewas to Coinmissions of Inquiry, and he was as ready as the Noble Earl to ear testimony to the a bili ty an d i ntegr i ty w i t h w hi c h t h e a t iniasioners formerly appointed by Parliament had }per formed the duty imposed upon them, but he thought something more than inquiry ought now to take place. Ile proceeds it , to describe the course which had been pursued, and the many -- repolts which had been made by different Comenlisioners - : The question mow was what had been done an _consequence of these reports He maintained that nothing had been done to give them ellikct. They -contained many valuable Fuze( eetiPP'he but ~+ I ligif° ields era wa9 i►n ,ott