The Sun. — London, England, 1842-07-26 00:00:00

~~_~.~- THE SUN, LONDON, Ttl4lls4 Fiviodiv - 7 - , JULY 26, 1842. this a• ; aught notao.be made the. subject of discussion ir e Papersparties who felt ; us that f, r 'e'vett iraust either apply to the Executive Go h!,!;;Itoot, or. to Parliament. Now application ir ig t t r 3 a ktAlade to the Execotive f Government, and the --s e s On e Vtronet,after having more or less carefully e `` l)4 tOesaid'the case, dthoughtproper.not to interfere. a Then for the cour se pursued by the Hon. Member for b u ts4 l 4r,) ,, ---an application to Parliament—they had the tineliest legal auth or ity in another part of the kingdom. ~, non.. Baronet had taken upon himself to determine, "• ether a meeting was lawful or unlawful ; he had stated that p ar ti es were en titl e d t o arres t_ others, if they t hought they were going to commit a breach of the Peace ; now this, put him in mind of what he had been t ? id ( ) f a party playing at cards; one of the party thought t he other was secret i ng the ace of spades under his hand, Lie. instantly picked up,a. tux*, and run it through his hand, sett said, I beg your pardon, if you have not the ace of ;tattler it.--( ; )pear, hear.) If one individual had tuts litother house, and that information ,_e.Ylo,lo6al e 6eisettilsle,:that officer would be justified in.q*: . 114, (Lord Palmerston) under • rAtim - :htkpasield, at this meeting, he was con ad OW- doCgmes of a highly objectionable nature Z, brought ; forward, : -but : those doctrines were upon lions, : whether certain classei were better 41111 (Airs ; he thought it a dangerous position to ' 3 "thhtib. thAt constables were, to be judges of whom they 11,,ttlil arrest, and whom they should. not. Why, he Ivonld ask, did not constables take down the words? he !'aus.es if they did so, the law afforded the means of bring ;!la• improp er parties to justice. For these reasons, be i"i'nig that sufficient ground had been shown for in and as his Hon. Friend had omitted part of his ' 4 ` ) tien, lie should vote 'for ite because he considered it_ Sh owed that the House thought the matter afforded sufii sista ground for further consideration.—(llear, hear,) ' t; l ir- VILLIERS thought that the present applica -4• 4 ' was a very reasonable one, as everything oh - Jeeti ona b le had been withdrawn. His lion. Friend html keyed for depositions, those depositions containing the 4retinds on which the constable had acted. It must be al l • „ Ratko by all that it was important to know upon what ^T, ,, untis it w as that the meeting was broken up.— I ' , etire). It was true that it was the province of Parlia• t T ilt to, a men d th e l aw ; but how, lie would ask, were • "to do so, unless they had the evidence upon which I t was broken ? lie should therefore vote for the motion. EIVAIrf supported the motion. h Mr. M. PHILIPS denied that any implements had eeik exhibited in the way that had been stated ; it have been so stated in evidence, but such was not fact. At the same time, he thought the case was ."" which called for inquiry, it being improper fur the ''" l4 stablp to interfere as he hail done. e''us traegers were then ordered to withdraw, and the e:dividee, when there appeared-7 for the motion Against it ll6 Majority against the motion -84 DUBLIN C01.:111S BILL.. h i repl y t o a question from Mr. SIIEIL, "Is CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER con sented to postpone the above Bill till Thursday. DISTRESS IN IRELAND. ~( )4 the mo tion for going into Committee of Supply, SHARMAN CRAWFORD rose, in pursuance ' betice, t o ca ll the attention of House to the present d istressed condition of the poor of Ireland. The Hon. t e talernan said that in Ireland the pardians had no r l er t o a d m i n i s t e r any outdoor relief to the poor of e i e 'ud; and he wished to know what was the intention J „ ever ' m Majestys Government with respect to that sub ,e'et• lie had ade statements of distress on former ,Z 4 sions in Carlow, Clare, Mayo, and other places t ieh had not been denied ; that distress had rather -e Tased than decreased. The Hon. Gentleman then e , e l ' a document stating that 500 families in • 4 ,. district were in a state of destitution. 1 10 - A i rear.) H e h a d received similar accounts from art. The distress in that town was on the in tilease, and whatever might be the price of food, its con jsitlianee appeared inevitable. In the west and south of 1 -e ' 4 od, the distress was amongst the agricultural class tierth of Ireland it was amongst the manufacturing /,, s- it . was sa id that the ('urn-laws had benefited I .;„ tl4 nd- How could that be possible when so large a C t i°a of the inanufa,cturing class were distressed ? In cipinioil the Corn-laws nad done the greatest injury 1 01 , 1 ( r ehaul.—(Hear, hear.) They had taught the land -w proved t o depend on high prices instead of hooking to the Zieproved cultivation of their land. The Corn-laws es r e injuring the trade' which was the great source Prosperity in .the north. He was firmly persuaded e at nothi ng would tend so much to benefit Ireland as n l repeal of - the Corn-laws.. It was absolutely necessary -4 4. 7 t befor e th e recess o f P ar li amen t, means s h ou ld b e bi ra to prevent th e p eo pl e f r om starving. The esablish ont of th e P oor -l aw h a d cut o ff t h e poor f rom t h e usua l 4 11 de of re li e f , namely, voluntary char i ty, an d had thus used great privation amongst the population. The ouitni&iiuners had in some cases applied the prin- Reples of the Poor-law so strictly that they would ARA allow -Xoluntarily the distribution of funds which were contributed for the relief of the people. Ale would submit it to the humanity of the House, iwhether some mean s ;Ste condition of the Ought not to be devised to better poor Irish. What, lie asked, was to ecome of the poor in the state of misery in which they 40 . w were ? While the exper i ment o f t he Irish Poor-law ‘l'as bein g worked out, lie implored the House to adept ~4 9t tie meansof rescuing the distressed people from star 'titti')a• He wished he could g 4 the Right lion. Baronet pledge himself to .have Loci Irish Poor-law revised ' At , see- s i ert .. Though not. an Irish representative, he " Nu sidered that his countrymen had not the less claim on ei s _ titl iiervic es thembehalf. The Hon. Gentleman con _ r `„', 4 by moving that the distressed state of Ireland the immediate attention of the House and her i te si"'dts's Government, with the view of adopting such i r , 4 ,''tres as might be, deemed most desirable under the t it eiretimstaoaea*.extreme .destitution among the elazses in trhat,cp.unt t ry. FIELDEN • secondedtine motion. l e ( "r(1 ELI OT wo uld not remainailent on this question 11',", fie should be supposed wanting in respect to the et .A. Gentleman who brought forward the motion, or T void w o ll 'g N ors for the subject-now under discussion. o one te - fi til d more thait he respect the conduct of 1 Honourable Gentleman as a resident land and while he (Lord Eliot) gave him credit et entertaining feelings of compassion for the state le, h _ t he poor in Ireland, and a desire, to alleviate it, he S r Pv (l the lion. Gentleman would give credit to the Aih Government for entertaining similar feelings. The ~,"nbers of the Government -in Ireland had adopted i ii l / 4 !Y measure consistent with their duty to remedy the h tt ,ress which prevailed in that country ; but he con ael•4"',l that that distress was but partial, anti similar what h a d o ccurred in the South and South-western Millll Western districts of the country at this period of .1 4 ' e Year, for the last three or four years. (The Noble read an extract from a communication from Mr. ~j'ffiths, Superintendent of the Boundary Department t his Ordnance Survey in Ireland, showing that agri aketure was steadily improving, aid that in a short time Pe'ople's condition would be greatly ameliorated.) rusted the House would not concede the granting of s t l i tl e ,sloor relief, as it would tend greatly to increase •a te , ;'liter a few words from Major BRYAN and Mr. I tn..xe n 0 CONNELL said he was not sure that any it J t-I, t would be attained by continuing the discussion as Nils at, present conducted. He thanked the Hon. ; s i e mber for Rochdale for the feelings evinced in bringing t c t w ard his motion, and the Hon.-Member for Oldham 1i i Fielden) for supporting the motion, which, though - ' ll saw no practical results likely to flow from it, lie ' 1 (I support in case the House divideupon it. lie o denmed the application of the Poor-1 w as a panacea Z t the distress of any country, but especially for a . t s t .of a country circumstanced as Ireland was. ge Noble Lord, the Secretary for Ireland, read a pro te sta' a q of the future amelioration of Ireland.' lie (Mr. pro e,, had often heard such prophecies. The Re `"",„.l t of the Committee which• sat in 1830, held out anticipations of the future condition of Ireland, 341 " 1 . wo years after, when the people came tau be enu al:ll4ed, there were found to be . 2300,000 ppers in t h e setiotry, The lion. Member for Oldham regretted 4 t the Act of the 43d of Elizabeth was not applied to Howrould it? At the time it ought to have been ,41) 1 :••ed, her troops .were putting in execution the recoils- A LtAation► of the poet Spencer, to destroy the harvests, A L - InikWas not until that practice was employed that Ire .;l7,l94..was,perfectly . subjugatccL that to have the 43d „ 1 , -, l4i za ,heth applied to Ireland was, lie should have ht, a flight even beyond the poetic imagination of • - ,'sltoneMetnber for Oldhatn..7-(Laughter.) lie did ;L'li , Agree..with the Noble Lund that the present dis- E 4 e was siMilar to that which had occurred be 4,;iri -Ireland, and the Ilan. Member for Kilkenny, fit► -shad claims upon the Irish people, as an excellent i'dent laudlord, had given hie ,testimopy upon that • ;there—ware periods, when there Wed:less. pro earrttess than at present, Out there..never "was a: Period ,eSti (litre. was greater:Sinability . ins" the part of the rPle .to purchase foodaa-(llfeer, hear.) . , 11 fiat' was : Lisa - evert of having - fO - o(l'cheav," if „there, Were ni, o!tif.iiurchuSing eltitutnstanee4 of Ireland •0„, 4soidiatel sheath like to sepahe perSoo, who ar Tgek point out the real causes ef her disiress, and still !irp r ' 4 4lle person who would point out the proper remedy. ea)Vill,,eiut think the Pour-laws were that remedy. e sh e lAteleeontrary, he ventured to anticipate that when se t eistalseearne universal, it would be met by a more ,- I l t 'gttinari. resistance than any other.—(Hear, hear.) ta Zaooired great sagacity, combined with great ho -nit.seY t legislate for Ireland.—(Hear, hear.) At It 4 ent the distress was very severe and very extensive, te, t ' II !' was bound to say that there was no locality where a a „, -distress was severe that the Irish Governtnent did e c v *ft utford relief.—(llear, hear.) He mentioned that -'nth Pleasure. There were many causes for melancholy a,,•etion the Irish 1 tor-law. One consequence of a: 4 4. 4) 00r-law was that it kept the able-bodied labourers sie,h,`"lue to support their aged parents, and prevented est e ' 4l .:4 o in emigrating to places where labour was better irr e ,,, , ` l Ned. There was no country in the world where the s7HY. ties were stronger, and they would not, unless akt e f, e d by the strongest necessity, allow tneir parents to " 4,l 4 l .e.?Wollthouse.7—(llear, bear.) He would not. ea l i K e ~,1 11 ) the eof the House any linger, but he begged Xll :i t l t "hs,Vriend to withdraw his motion, having obtained clesiired by it.—(Hear.) Isik ste r 'lN •10.W.F011.1) acceded to the call made upon e is letiaeliight Hon. Gentleman. `J I 4 90,40 n was then withdrawn. 'Ls DISTUSS IN FORFAR. r Isaid tb f q, Wore the House went into quratittee, he w i. t hed c4ll its attention to the state 410.,,,'?•f55. Since the discussions which took place relit. L ? the distress of the country, he received commu anon, from „ xoriar, requesting him to do all in his "r to obtain relief for that place. He did not know Aythi n winch would lie.more likely to do that than the le4 i 7.Lois el the po r t s , which could only be a temporary -- 6 ' 4 ‘ 'l till tlte Corn-laws ere repealed. He had no con „ fba that th e distresws was so extensive there. PPLY. „ • Th 3 House then went into a Committee of Supply. Mr. C-iREENE in the . chair, 10,500/. was voted for the Dublin Society. 23,463/. for the salary and expenses of the Chief Secretary and Privy Council. On the vote of 12,4331. for the expens:s of the Lord Lieutenant's household being proposed, Mr. HUME said he did not see what of was ob tained by the office of Lord Lieutenant. He heard that the Nobleman who exercised that office in Ireland at present was about to be recalled, and he hoped that no person would be sent to take his place. Sir H. PEEL said, that so tar from his Noble Friend being withdrawn from the Government of Ireland, his conduct in the administration of that country had met with the decided approbation of her Majesty's Govern ment. The duties of his Noble Friend were so many, and his zeal in performing them was so great, that he was obliged to leave Ireland to restore his health. Mr. HUME said that the object he had in view was, that the Noble Loll inigbt.haye full time to restore his healtli t ttnd to relieve WO itiblit front - the expense'othis of6ce.—(Laughter.) Thei_vote was thet ilgreed to. - 4,8191 was voted for theliitytient of the civil service: in Ireland. :1,980L for the printing and publishing of pfooliatit-' On 35,6 0/. being proposed for the pnytterit of 'Non;: conformist and ThisentingMinisters in Ireland, Mr. MIME said he did not see 'how the' Disenters could, consistently with their , principles, receive this money. • - Dr. BOWRING agreed with what had fallen from his lion. Friend. Sir G. CLERIC said that the ministers in the North of Ireland were differently circumstanced - from the Pres byterian ministers of Scotland. Sir R. PEEL thought the lion. Goldman was wrong in supposing that there was any violation of the con science in receiving this money.—(Laughter.) If • any individual felt it a violation of his conscience to receive this money, he had an easy remedy by refusing it. The vote was then agreed to. On the question that a sum of 90,000/. .illottld be granted to her Majesty to defray the expense of criminal prosecutions, and other law charges, Lord ELIOT, in answer to n, • question from Mr. Hume, stated that, in future, the law-officers of the Crown in Ireland, instead of bring paid by fees, would be remunerated by salaries, which would effect a great saving. The vote, after a short discussion, was agreed to. 35,600/ was voted for defraying the charge • of the Public Offices, and the Metropolitan Police 44 , Dublin. 2,714/. was voted to defray the expenses of Public Works in Ireland. 5,0001. was Voted for the Town Survey of Ireland. On the motion that a sum of 13,001)/. should lw granted, to defray the charges of the Comn&sioners for the im provement of the river Shannon, Mr. F. FRENCH objected to the expenditure of so large a sum of money,. and complained of a violation of the Act of Parliament by the C munissioners. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER defended the vote. In the filture proceedings of the Commission, it would be his duty to take care that its expenses were as light as possible. Mr. WILLIAMS wished to know -- what was the whole atuottnt required to comolete. this obieet ? The CHANCELLOI. of. the - .;;'_CHEQUER said 540.0001 altogether, of which was to be found by Goverament, and the rest by the counties. Sir R. PEEL thought that what had fallen from the lion. Member for Roscommon, was a discouragement to the Government to make grants of public money for local improvements —(Hear, hear.) Mr. F. FRENCH observed that the scheme was com pulsory in the county of Roscommon. They knew nothing at alt of the Act, until they were called upon to contribute their money. Mr. HUME recollected, perfectly well the, Hon. Mem ber for Roscommon supporting the Bill when it was brought forward . by Mr. Spring Rice.—(Hear, hear.) The public had performed their part of the contract, and he did not see why the country gentleman should not perform theirs. After a few words from Lord ELIOT and Mr. M. J. O'CONNELL, the vote was agreed to. A vote of 3,500/. was then proposed for defraying the expenses of postage,- for servicas 'connected with the census of the population of Ireland. Dr. BOWRING inquired When it might be expected that the Report of. the Commissioners would be pub lished ? Lord ELIOT replied (as we understood) that the Report would probably be published in the course of another month. Mr. HUME expressed, a hope that the Government would lay on the table of the House, in the course of the next session an account of the expenses of taking the census of the United Kingdom. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that the account would be-laid -betiire Parliament as soon as it was prepared ; but . it embraced various items and could not be got ready without some delay, The vote was then agreed to. MISCELLANEOUS ESTIMATES—THE CALE DONIAN CANAL. Sir G. CLERK said ha should next move certain Mis cellaneous Estimates, and he should commence with the vote for the Caledonian Canal. It was the determination of the Government to recommend the adoption of the recommendations of a Report which had been laid before the House for:deepening and improving the Canal, and insuring through it a quick and certain transit. The works would cost, it was calculated, 150,000/., and would take three years. He proposed that .50,0001 be voted for the expenses of the Canal during the ensuing year. The vote hiving been put, Mr. WILLIAMS rose to oppose the vote. He did not think 'that the returns from the Canal Were ever likelY to 'equal the proposed eNpenditure . ; and he felt assured that a still greater outlay would yet be required. He found that in a period of seven years the Canal had cost 31;6631., or 4,523/; a year, while the tolls and dues am6unted during the same period to no more than 18,781/., or 2,683/. per year ; so that the charge of keeping-the-Canal was nearly double the returns which it brought-in. The people of Scotland might he proud of the . canal, and talk of it as a national work, but be was, sure it Was' - one from which they derived little or no benefit. It .was certain that the in habitants of the great commercial towns of the empire generally looked upon the work as one of little or no value. (The Hon. Member cited the resolutions of the inhabitants of different towns in proof of this asser tion.) No improvement had taken place since the vote was last before the House. He entreated the Com mittee before it voted this sum to pause; it was begun as a job and us a job it would end. The Canal was of fered to Scotland by the Committee of 1833, and it was refused. He called upon the Right Hon. Baronet in the present distressed state of the country, not to sanction such a waste of money. Sir ROBERT PEEL said, though he had come to a different conclusion from the Hon. Member, yet in most of his observations he was disposed to concur. He had wished to be relieved from the vote, and he thought it would be for th'e benefit of the public if the Canal were abandoned altogether.. He would say more, that he thought the project was a very absurd one at its com mencement. Had it not been for the fortuitous circum stance of the application of steam power to vessels, the canal would have been worth nothing. It would require an expenditure of 40,0001., to destroy the canal, and there appeared something. so, glaring in expending that amount to destroy a work that cost more than a million, that the mind did recoil from it. But he could assure the Committee that this vote should not be supplied, unless tinder a strict guarantee that the work should be completed for that sum, or the canal should be abandoned altogether. —(Hear.) Were the question now the commencement of such a foolish work, he thought it ought not to be un dertaken even if it would only cost one-eighth of the amount it had done. Mr. HUME said the statement was a very candid one, but he thought the first expense would be the best. In 1822 he hall urged the House to abandon it, and had re peated his objections in every subsequent year. If they were to • expend 300,000/. the public would not derive a benefit of 2,0001. a-year. it was of no use, and the commercial community did not consider it if any advantage. Vessels were often detained in it, if the wind was unfavourable, for six or . seven weeks, and the merchants preferred the voyage round, to the risk of detention. Having cost so much, the question was, should they throw away more ? lie thought thyy °tight not. After a few words from Mr. FITZJAMES and Ilk. WILLIAMS, the vote was agreed to. • 10,300/. was voted for completing the Prison in the Isle of Wight. 1,5001.' 'lO meet the deficiency in the funds • for the erection of the Assembly Hall, at I;linburgh; Was Voted. On the Vote of 3 1 .1,0001; to defray the,ypdraceS2Con.- - tieeted with 'the new coinage, lit. f3(;i~VI7.IVG ticked W..at amount of silver coin- age had been . issued - . The CHANCELLOR "of - the EXeilF.Qtrtit stated - that there had been issued. from the Mint, 337,120 sove reigns,- and 419,006 list(-ieVeiggni; - and that the whole' amount of silver issued 'was 260,000/.. including 86,000 half-crowns, and 334,000 shillings. .'Phis, together with the issue of half-crowns that had taken place, would, he hoped, remove the difficulty that had arisen from the scarcity of silver, which, he was' happy to say, had much diminished. The vote was agreed to. • 1,4304 was proposed to defray the expense of purchas ing pictures for the National Gallery during the past year. Mr. HUME hoped a report would be printed, giving the names of the parties who had recommended the pur chase of these pictures. In answer to a question, Sir R. PEEL said that the apartments appropriated to the Royal Academy; were given to them in exchange for the rooms which they had held in Somerset House by Royal grunt. After a very desultory. conversation, the rote was agreed to. THE STATUE OF GEORGE THE FOURTH. On the motion that 6,300/, be granted to her Majesty to defray Sir Francis Chantrey's, expenses of a statue of George the FOurth, Mr. HUME said that he did not think any statue of George the Fourth was worth a shilling —(Cries of " Hear, hear," and " Order.") The private estate of the King ought to bear the expense. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that the order for the payment bad already bean made by a Treasury minute. The vote was then agreed to. THE CAMPAIGN IN SYRIA. On the motion that 60,000/ he granted to her Majesty to be distributed amongst the soldiers, sailors, - and Ma rines engaged in the war in Syria, Mr. HUME objected to the vote, and requested to know upon what principle tic money was to be distributed ? The CHANCELLOR or the EXCHEQUER defended. the - tote.' nThe services of the troops, military and naval,• ha:d gained the'adadratien of all Europe. Lord C. HAMILTON thought that the naval forces engaged in Syria had already been sufficiently rewarded by promotions and other means. Instead of rewarding those who were engaged in Syria, they should rather re ward those who took no part in the war. lie was astonished at the refirence to Navarino. At that battle they had taught Mehemet Ali to be a rebel, whilst at Acre they were punishing him for rebellion. He hoped that the vote would not be agreed to. Captain PECHELL supported the vote. Sir CHARLES NAPIER said he had never heard a more extraordinary argument than that used by the Noble Lord opposite.—(Efear, hear.) He would not propose a vote of this description in the present distressed state of the country, but he would not oppoSe it.--(Laughter.) The Noble Lord said, t'irosP who were engaged in Syria ought to be satisfied with the honour they obtained. What honour had the poor Seidler received ?—(Hear, hear.) The Noble Lord called it a gratuity. Why it would not pay for the di6dies the soldier wore.r4Chtitril_ *ma/ not par chate pair of ehOes for him . Were tholienium pre 7 oted 'to refuse such a aural - Ife did not *I Bri tish Goterninent ought-to pay th spm of WOOL - at but that it '• Ought to be paid b y the Government of Turkey:. Loud cheers.) They restored a. kingdom to Turkey.—(llear, hear.) He was sorry they hail done so. lie did not think she deserved t•.--(hear, hear.) They also restored her a fleet, so that if the vote was three times 60,000/., he thought it should be paid by the Tadashi Government.—(hear, hear.) The Noble Lord had said that it was net et war. If it was not a war, he (Sir C. Napier) did not know what to call it, for it was something very like it. • Mr. HUME wished to know how many persons there were to receive the motley. Ile understood there were 1,500 persons in the Mediterranean at the time. Ile believed each person would not receive more than 4.•;. fid. Sir G.COCIiBUIIN was surprised at the turn the debate had taken. He believed that the men engaged in Syria Would have done their duty, whether they were to re ceive this money or no.--(1 tear, hear.) The money was only to be distributed amongst those actually engaged in the operations of Ivan lie looked upon the war in Syria, as one which was very creditable to the nation, and the great operation of taking Acre reflected the . greatest honour on those, who were engaged in it. The vote was then agreed to. • _ _ _ 1,6001. was voted to Mr. l,urney for his services in assitiug to light thr. House. On 159,5451. being. proposed for the disembodied militia of England and Ireland, "Mr. HUME said that the militia Was now in a very inefficient condition. Ile did not see why the militia. should nut be paid from the War office as well as the regular soldiery. Sir G. COCKBURN admitted that the militia was not in such a satisfactory' state as formerly. Considerable reductions had been mule in the expense ; of this body. In 1830, a reduction of 93,0001. was effected ; and in 1833, a 'halter reduction of 33;000/ was made. The vote was then agreed to. • The CHAIRMAIN then reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again this day. A Message from the House of Lords brought up a Bill, the title of a hich we did not hear, which was read a first, and ordered to be read a second time on Wed upsday.'neit.. St. Briavel'c Small Debts MI was read a third time a: :d ST. :IS.PII AND BANGOR CATHEDRAL BILL. On the motion fur going into Committee on this Bill, Sir J. GRAHAM woven - that it should be committed that day three months, and gave notice that he should move to introduce a Bill to ec•ntiuue the Suspension Act for one year.—Agreed to. The. Ordnance Services Bill went through Com mittee, and ordered to be reported to-morrow. The Court of Exchequer (England) Bill also went through Committee, and was ordered to be reported on Wednesday next: The Bonded Corn Bill (No. 2) was reported. and ordered to 'be etigrosed, and read a third time this day. The Stamp Duties Assimilation Bill (Ireland) also went through Committee, and was ordered to be reported this day. The Stamp Duties Bill was read a third time and passed. • The Game Certificates Bill (Ireland). was read a third tune and passed, . , The Lunacy Bills went through Committee. • The Grand Jury Presentments (Ireland) Bill was read a third time and . passed. Lord ELIOT obtained leave to bring in a Bill to alter the number and define the boundaries of the several baronies of the county of Dublin. • Lord STANLEY obtained leave to bring in a Bill to continue for two years the Western Australia Apt. - • The-House then adjourned at Half-past One o'Clock. DEPUTATION FROM THE ANTI CORN-LAW CONFERENCE TO SIR IL PEEL, LORI) STANLEY, AND LORD WHARNCLIFFE. A deputation from the Anti-Corn. law Conference consisting of Mr. Pawson, the Mayor of Leeds, Mr. Holdforth of Leeds, Mr. Alderman Chappel of Manchester, Mr. Gardener of Man chester, Mr. Ashton, Mr. Brook of Huddersfield, Mr. Akroyd of Halifax, Mr. Biggs of Leicester, Mr. J. Walker of Bury, Mr. Ashworth of Bolton,. Mr. Huole of Salford, and one or two other gentlemen, waited upon the First Lord of the Trea sury yesterday at one o'clock for the purpose of laying before the Right lion. Baronet an account of the distressed condition of the country. The . Right Hon. Gentleman received he deputation standing, in which position himselt as well as they remained during the whole conference, which lasted precisely two hours. Mr. PAWSON. having stated that they were a deputation' appointed to wait upon the .Right Hon. Gentleman to stare once more the distress of the country, proceeded to state that he had been for 40, years a resident of the tipper township of Leeds, and was in the woollen line. He described the distress of the poorer classes as most appalling, so n.urli So, that the charitable people bad been induced to raise subscriptions on their liebitlf At the first subscription 6,500/. was collected 4 , 'Wheti that:Was gone another subscription was made, but - l',ooo/: more , was-all they could raise. When that was e:shausted they established a soup kitchen, and the eager clamour with which: the poor surrounded the doors showed the distressed state in which they were for want of food. Sir li. PEEL—Some, branches of the woollen trade are much less depreciated than others, ate they not ? Mr. estwson4—Yes, the fine Bluth is much more in demand than the lower article. Sir R. PEEL—The quantity of the lower article consumed is greater this year than hitherto, is it not? Mr. PAwsoN-4 believe it is as great. Sir It. PEEL—What IS the chief market for your manu factures? Mr. PAWSON—The home market and the American. Sir R. PEEL—Has there been no indication of improvement in trade within the last short period? Mr.' PAwsose—No, sir, none. Mr. HoLDFORTII stated that he was a silk spinner. He was an old inhabitant of Leeds, and having been ever since his boyhood identified with the working classes, he had noticed progressively the changes which had taken place in their cir cumstances, and at no period did he recollect the working class to be so deplorably depressed as at present. He had traversed through numerous streets in the town, calling at every house, and the wretched condition in which he found them far exceeded anything he could have imagined. In some families not an article of furniture or property could be found, nor was food of any description whatever to be scent in their dwellings; in another Le found four potatoes, and nothing more, and in another nineteen potatoes and a herring. Most of these people depended for their very existence upon a pre carious charity. Their condition now was infinitely worse than at the beginning of the year, for they had nothing .now to fall back upon ; their furniture was all gone; the clothes from their backs were pawned to buy food. . One of the largest manufacturers of that district, who manufactured plaids for the American market, stated that until the present time for thirty years he had never been without orders at this season, and now he had not one ; and though upwards of 1,000 people were de pendent on him for support, he had not work for them to do. Several mills had recently stopped working ; and one-third less butcher's meat was slaughtered during the last six months than usual. Air. Pawsote stated that in Leeds, where the population was between 40,000 and 50,0000, one-fourth of the inhabitants were dependent upon parish relief. S:r R. PEEL,-What kind of union is it? Mr. P.awsost—The Gilbert union. Sir R. PEEL—The New Poor-law has not come into force then. You give out-door relief ? Mr. PAWSON—We do. Mr. CHAFFEE said lie was no party man, he was no poli tician, he had never given sixpence to any political purpose. row ever would. He had been fifty years an inhabitant of Manchester, and lie could soy that there never was such general and hear-rending distress in that town as there was at present. Not only were the poor suffering from the inability to procure labour, but the capital of the manufacturers was melting like scow before the sun. Only twelve years ago he himself pur chased a mill, which cost him between 30,000/. and 40,000/., and during the last few years he had been losing money by it. He owed- no money, he paid no rent, he was extraparochial and paid no rates, he was situated near the spot whence the coals were excavated, and if he, with all these advantages, and an experience of fifty .years, could not but' lose money by his mill, he should beg to suggest so the Right Hom Gentleman what must be the contlie eion of,thiiSeWianufacturers - whO laboured under less'favourable circumstances. - He bad been obliged to stop half of his ma chisieq, .and'he bid now :such a stock of .goods on hand, as Woultitake" six months. ordinary sale to Aisilsnie.of. He would jiiitqrriention the cases of a few other niihowners, which had come under his own notice. A manufacturer of Stockport was worth 90,0001. a few years ago ; .. the whole of his property was sold fur the b. hoof of his creditors a few days ago, and his son was now an inmate of a union workhouse. In Derby a manu facturer, lately worth 200,0001., had just failed, and would not pay one slelling in the pound. In Salford, a manufacturer, paying an annual rental of 4,9001., employing between seven and eight i.undred hands, and whose wages amounted to 4001. a wet It, had stopped. Numerous other mills had stopped, each of them turning out between seven and eight hundred hands. The machinery belonging to one firm, which had stopped, cost 40,000/., it was valued to an incoming tenant at 22,0001. ; it seas 7,0( sultir v. ately sold under the hammer, by order of toe Sheriff, for Sir R. PEEL—What was the business carried on by the firm that stopped for 200,000/. ? Mr. CNA PPEL—It was a paper concern. Sir R. PEEL—The paper trade in some districts, you know, has not suffered the general depression. Is it owing to the general depression in other branches that they failed? Air. CIJAPPEL said he did not know what was the cause cf the failure, not being in that line. He was a Director of the Manchester and Birmingham Railway ; and a short time back they found it necessary to take on between 40 and 60 hands— engineers, police, porters, clerks, Sao„ and they received no less than 1,`200 well written applications, accompanied with excel lent testimonials. The effect of the distress upon the morals of the people was shocking; grown-up people of both sexes were compelled by poverty to pass the nielst,in the same room ; 41r h e e ll w w as it t h h ° e gt su d p e e ce rin n - t were ashamed to which pported by voluntary the people clothes,te ndell; aannddt thewhich n d h a a y d s a u l l 7 3) 1 . s h f e contributions, was now two yearsin arrears of rent. Hundreds of females were being forced upon the streets to seek their live lihood in a disgraceful mariner, and the men were sent out to equally wicked employments. Mr. GARDENER stated the destitution in Manchester tube very great. A great number of the people wore g 044 to America, all the best hands 1 he ssked one Who Was in full em ploy, molten . good wages, what was his reason for going to America, the answer was, " Its not wages I care • so much for; my reason is, that manufactures will soon be done for here." Half the people in Manchester were quite ;out work, sub. - • - seriptions had ,been ri.4ed for thml47 4 sowe bantam. a.n , l be fi,voli,nt persons, aii'd hid . .beea estabbsbpd, which gave away great (Omit tti•Os tVillintip. In Preston 9 aWilie mills were in full work. btit_therriumber tart': rmirit Thainis hart been reduced 2 ;to . 0 per _ e ; i ft, sincel:l,Fl37:i.a.nd .-.le3S; owing to the improvements in tpachinery,d F ir lf f • ' Sir R. PEEL—I-13;i numb .r ° ', 11 Tape within the 4 1 . last six or seven yearn . •R , ll Mr. GARDENER—I think net. Mr. lirc.cs,. of Leicester, reteateet-tn Sir 116 b rt Peel the statements which he made at - .the A nti-Corn (law• Con ferene, in the morning, n( ally in the same words—they will At found in our report of the Conference,: Mr. J. WALKER stated that trade'of kinds in his neigh bourhood (Bury) was exceedingly depreased. teas a' part ner in a foundry and machine making eStabliehmenf the wages raid by the firm of which he was one, in 1836,_ .837, and 1838, were about 800/. a week; they now only i averaged about .36, OL, which w i ts a d ec li n e o f more t h an one half. The trekly wages oftheir then m en varied - front to i 4 n os c . o ; n t sci heeyuewme,ereoffstehneeis-a„.13.r cty 1Y an h o o f n c i: fi tt i t p a lo n y d m i e n n te t l ; ligent class,. and were wandering about the eountry in a state o f great dest i tut i on. H e lad two foundries in Bury, one of whi c h h a d b een elm for%rtmretlkult, eerelv't tionths„ttionzh the wages gia i n 1 . 8 38 „d" A r ff e c i . from to 179!. per week. sir R. Pule—Bury is not - suffering- so- - ititcfNe'. 4 1 or Maeclietner? • . A :eslsaz Mr. WAI,XER—I believe not tiast.thst; . ea very great. tI • b Assay/91,mi ascur, l the 10,1 010 . ssr o t the Setount of the distresa Which t. iron ?9, e. country had na been exagoerated. In the' -1 -1 1;61-Iatvsat\ion of Bolton, which consisted o f 25 townshins, and contained a population of 91,000 ; the number receiving parish relief was between 12 and 13,000. Engineering was carried on to 'a great extent at Bolton, and many engineers, excellent work men, - were wholly unemployed ; they were selling off their furniture piecemeal—a chair to-day, a table to-morrow, the' bed next, and every article of clothing followed. The rates had considerably increased, and out of a rate:made in March, 1841, amounting to upwards of 21,000/., only 9,000/. had been paid up to March in the present year. The class of dis tress was not that of mere animal privation; the paupers in Bolton were a class of men of a peculiar quality of mind—men who understood all the chemical processes discovered to the world by a Davy, and the mechanical in ventions disclosed, by the master mind of an Ark wright and a Watt ; they were men i n w h o m much duty and religious feeling were alik e consp ie nous w i t h mecha nical genius and shiil. It too late now to consider the various avenues whence this distress had sprung, but a remedy must .be found; and the evident remedy was a repeal of the Corn-laws. He did not speak rashly of the repeal of the Corn-laws, nor without having first deeply consi dered the' sub!ect._ Their bestworkmen were leaving the country, not - be retained in it. I-I a 'ferentan, who had been in ..his employ for the last nineteen years, and who, with his, family, earned 250/. a year, left for America a short time ago. Previous to ;eaving, he asked him why he was quitting England? His reply was that his family had been educated as mechanics aml engineers, and that he deemed the fate of . this country was sealed ; before he died, he wished per manently to settle his family. A man who had returned from. America informed -him (Mr. Ashworth) that in Mississippi anti Ohio there was great abundance of corn, but that the pc-epic were quite destitute of clothing ; a ll t h ey seemed to want was, a b e tt er i n tercourse w i t h us, t h at they might be better cl a d. C ur ti s , of Ohio, corro b orated t h at; he said that the people' s c l o th e s were fast e n e d en them b y strings made, of the bark of trees, as they -were not able to purchase tapes, buttons, and thread. At New Orleans he saw barrels of wheat and provisions come down the river in such plentiful supplies, that after immense stocks had been pur chased a large quantity could not meet with a sale, and that re mained at New Orleans till it became so putrid that a pesti lence and fever were the result. Last October . there were fears entertained in England of the harvest, and . soMe doubts were entertained. of the security of the Bank of Englancl; to that w111 7 .f,t the Americans ve:•c naked, that which should have clothed them Wry; lecke:4 tip b the warehousee of our reanufactur era ; and whilst we were starving, that which should have been food for us, was putrid and rotting , on the quay - of New Orleans. A gentleman Irons Sydney had informed him that the agricul turists of that place were in the habit of holding meetings from the years 1819 to 1823, in order to obtai n some protection to them. selves, such as that enjoyed by the landowners of this country, and they originated in the following ciraumstances :—A tender was made to the Government Commissary to supply wheat for the convicts at 3s. 6d. a bushel, who refused it, because the price was too high, adding that he could get it Cheaper from Van Diemen's Land. Then the agriculturists held meetings in order to exclude wheat from Van Diemen's Land by hit. - a free posing a fixed duty upon its importa tio n into Sydney. The Governor of Sydney said it was a go o d thing to have importation of corn and cheap bread, which would greatly tend to increase the prosperity of the colony; he said that he would not lay a duty upon wheat or a tax upon bread, remem bering that the Government were the chief consumers of bread, having so many criminals to victual. A few people . thought, that ruin to the agriculturists of Sydney would follow t hi s step on the part of the Governor, but the result proved them to have been mistaken, in their surmises; numbers of people had taken to sheep real ing and weol growing, and the quantity of their exports to London and Liverpool, was annually increasing at a great ratio ; the value of laid had greatly. increased, and attention . ts haling, Sydney had become the chief supply of animal food to Van Diemen's Land; many had directed their which had turned out .a very profitable speculation, the land was de-voted to pasturage and vineyards, arid wheat also rose in pike thus benefiting the wheat growers of Van Di emen ' s Land; in fact, general prosperity had followed. Sir R. PEEL—You will admit that I have diminished the protection to agriculture mere than hat ever been done within any six months at any rate ? Mr. Astrwoarst thought it was only a nominal alteration which had been effected in the Corn-laws; a duty of 3s. had been subtituted fur 135., and 6 feet of water might drown a man as well as 6 yards. Neither would the tariff be very be. nefieial to the poor man ; out. of 22 millions' worth of articles that it embraced, "16 were left untouched ; and the six mltions' worth that it did affect stould not assist the starving operative. -erative Did the poor man care fur French bouts and shoes,. cosmetics, Silks, and perfumery ? Sir It. PEEL—It is rathtr shallow to say that the poor dpi not care fur cosmetics. It must be too that I have made a great reluction of the duty on the importation of meat. Mr. Asstiv,J)Writ sa.(l that .pork was purchased at Cincin nati fur Ss. a cwt., whilst Sir R. Peel had imposed a duty of 149. - . Sir R.PERt,-;-Bs., not 14s. I think we had better not dis cuts the tariff. • •:( -Jr.. Astiwoirft. =id it was no wonder if we imposed a , eaity of cent, per cent. upon American pork that they should impose a duty_sif 55, per cent. upon our manufactures Mr. Asitroe Merely wished to refer to the great emigra tion that was going on from this country to America. flie best, the careful, searly, industrious men, were leaving all the manufactories in England. H e thought it was absolutely ne cessary that the good hands should be kept at home. ' . .• Sir R. Piese- r -heulti you say they went. to America to invest what money they had in hand, or to get employment? Mr. Astrrow—l should say to obtain employment. Mr. BROOKE said it was his good fortune to come from a part ( Hutider,field), where the distress was not near so great as in the cotton and other parts of the woollen districts. filet he attributed to the fact that the fancy woollen trade was the staple manufacture of the place. A great many people, how ever," the best of. their men, had gone to America. For the last thirty-4hree or thirty-four years there had been a very useful and industrious class of men amongst them, called " domestic manufacturers," who manufactured perhaps four or five pieces a-vveek ; these men as a body were almost extinct, most of them having been reduced from a state of comparative affluence to the condition of workmen for others, and many of them were in the receipt of parish relief. It was not for him ( Mr. Brooke) to suggest remedies, bet he did not think this a Corn-law question ;he regarded the Corn-laws as. a great evil, but he did nut believe them to be the only cause of the distress ; his opinion was, that until there should be a com plete removal of all restrictions upon commerce, this country would never attain to that grandeur which she once possessed. Though he did not agree with the Right Honourable Baronet in politics, be must say that he was happy to see that was the opinion entertained by the Right Hen. Gentleman, and he was glad t o see th e rents of Govern ment in the hands of one than whom no one had more power to carry measures of relief, seethe coetrary ; he hoped the mea sures with which the Right lion. Gentleman had begun, would ultimately lead to the complete emancipation of trade. AI r . A K ItOYD a , n,l Jun. parish stated of tha i t i: h igr e i et, b ixn t. , 4 l o lvvi n t e ed e d l a t t hr o iae o ie n w e taigsf great diversity largest firms in Halifax, employing 2,000 hands, and paying wages to the amount of 1,0001. a week. The worsted trade was now in a better condition than that of the cotton or woollen trade ; yet was it in a worse condition than it was a few years ago, and the prospects for the ensuing winter were very bad. Articles made entirely of worsted, which formerly con stituted the staple trade, such as merinos and lastings, were difficult of sale. A large manufacturer in the neighbourhood of Halifax, had just commenced working short time. Several spinners of worsted yarn, at Bradford, had been working short tune or stopping part of their machinery for the 'last twelve months, and wages also were falling. The only trade left which was possessed of life and vitality, was that consisting of mixed goods of cotton and worsted, printed or fancy-woven, figured or embroidered. 'pre Germans were, for some years back, their best en towers ill these articles. The large and sudden imports from the Continent, which at first were paid for in gold, caused an abundance of bills on London, anti rendered the exchanges favourable to sending out goods, 1 The balance of our exports and imports was eventually paid for i n goods, arid during a period of extreme depression in the home trade, owing to our deficient harvest, the Gera an trade was cemparatively brisk, and was the main outlet of our goods. The fancy trade employs fewer hands and requires more capital i t i h u a . n o e s t u h ff e e r ri tr g ane rn he o s , „ t l A r l e any the ope h r a a n ti d ves sex a l, r ,i e ibye o l u is t oa o un f do nu e e n e s a p p, l a( o .rr y tsi ; .- In the town diver,ity of manufactures. We • have the cotton, the worsted, ' the spun-silk, the carpet, the carded• wool, wire-drawing and card setting. It was this great variety of occupation which had kept the . population moTrehesrteeatwlilaysem- p o l l o l y a s r .d b t r h a a n i c i h in . other ,rhe d e i o s t t t r O ic n ts m i a le n pe a n a ti ct i wretched state. A large inill'inti weaving. v, s-ekl, within - two miles of the town, employing several hundred l an d s, another ; a- 0 t hl if l e d 7w b: i h s el e u , manufacturers to :s pd t e : , n; li c a li ti4 n i,d g . ; : , f i t o ,r tem n o c c- a ot r th l t y ioen( s i i s x t There v‘o n if t s o t n t t i l fi t eo s i . h.fasn7dci )s, .mi na b o a .eh d i gi t lodtnl neighbourhood had done so. would' - have been ,at •'ll • complete . 'stand. ' V er y • f e w tides were manufactured 'for the West Indies, Tear clothing . 1.:1:4 :3:":1:nder ua t l h l- e ofor merlylfaf hl the l c h s e 0 1 nnaasva''nei self-actingnes emancipated ieiopxnatteltenthiistvil extensive trade ty m b et , t u s u t il r e ue ds lf j e (ul u i rs e i . r e t n du i r c e i e n i t : gil t t: l ; a - i woollens, h e oo t o o r r l s k a l e e d n e . yard of that state,clot l which thattthey "very, and the ypectoitnisoindeedrefdoratbhaedagbeoloitfiotnhatatf 1 trade and property of the manufacturers had b,„,,, more reduced Tn-door. ending out-door relief S. d ' " Accounts. than that 0111:88483841192te1,....W........e56645ti,10511n6378921ia......p......1....a....n...t2332er::900:28.11697 4529., 168,27:11......r......5t :340i:15 1971 001 Quarter June 25 ... I 8 38. Persons .. 3 receiving e7o4 . . .... 1 , 89i 3n A lt t hs n e o u s3 n a t m i .1, e r i 0 d , was as et s. d. Thus the number of persons receiving out-door relict was in_ creased 130 per cent. since 1838, and the 'amount paid 85 per cent. The number of vagrants'passing through Halifax, sale,td ‘7e thani but tt s l e x eoa t a l r . h . , eti.sp'eic. corncs , and , h w a i d th sell n o afonldlowresli:e—vedhatiB3:4B:9olvagrants' ore, ,eavmenouinnt,esmd atoll or seventy, months. 1842 .............. ........... ******** : : : : : :21 : :7991124 0 The butchers stated that the number of suchoxen killed in Halifax thirty per week, whilst the number killed, . five or six years market, during the last six Good joints as were formerly N a fe o re s was til 1 never r y sold to the working classes. in pieces of three, four, to six July, 1842, he lest in pieces of one pookufnprovision...dealer pounds weight, can scarcely who had been in business twelve years and a half, stated that during the first eleven. years of his business he did 'tot lose I 00/. months,b be parted iad debts 465/. 2s. by 67 people. Of these 67 people-- 11 had gone through the Insolvent Court. 3 were bankrupts, who paid nothing. in Clad dellti. From January, 1841, to Jul 5 made assignments. 19 ran away to America or elsewhere, .. 3 compounded.. . . • - . 20 bad—not worth anything. 4 dead. 4 in the local courts' gaol. 1 67 IA mercer and d ra p er i n f orme d hi m t h at h e h a d b een in busi ness eleven Years, but during the last three years his receiptg did not reach half the previous average. The first eight years of ,his business he did not lose 1001., hut during the last three years had lost 548/. in bad debts. In the same business as himself (Mr. Akroyd) three persons had failed, and two had emigrated, within the last twelve months. These persons car ried on nearly one-fourth of the mercery business of the town. .The stealers in flour and oatmeal stated that the demand was falling off on flour and running more on oatmeal. He (Mr. A kroyd) had endeavoured to bring forward simply those cases which mighthe considered as an example of their class, and the inevitable gmtglusion which he drew was, that the condition of the operatives was daily getting werse, that distress was now fast seixing• hold of the shopkeepers and the middle-class ; that capital wa.s gradually diminishing, whilst the demand upon it increased: that, hitherto, there had been no relief or prospect of irpprovement, and, unless some further increase of relief wereiatrurdeti yievious to the approach of: winter, there was a taiFllll respect a ruin to the middle-classee, and utter clestitu. ties ,and ataivation to the poor. Symptoms of disaffection were new ripe amongst the operatives. Meetings of the C.:hart*, were bell Peery Sunday, and on Sunday week there was a gathering of 15,000 Chartists, on the heights of black stotte Edge, to debate on Ulterior steps. 4heuld the miserable protticet of starvation to thg_poor7ba'realised during the en suing winter,it was to be feared that the horrors of famine might 1)e brightened by anarchy and confusion. Mr. Pawsox then thanked the Right Hon. Baronet for the hind manner with which he had listened to their details, and requested that some remedy might be applied to the distress, the existence of which could not be doubted. Sir R. PEEL—I shall take care to convey the facts which you have stated to the rest of her Majesty's Ministers, and to solicit their attention to thesubject. The Deputation then took their leave at• three o'clock, and proceeded direct to L..rd Stanley, with whom they remained an hour and a half; am' thence to .Lord What neliffe, with whom they remained half an hour, until live o'clock. The statements made to these noblemen were similar to those made to Sir Robert Peel, but were necessarily much curtailed. Lord STANLEY having listened to every thing that fell from the Deputation with great courtesy and attention, till the con clusion of the interview, said—l can only assure you that the Government are quite sensible of the extent. of the distress. Statements on the subject reach them every week and every day. There is not a week passes, but questions of this kind are anxiously engaging the attention, not only Of the particular Mi nister to whom it belongs, but the Cabinet. altogether. I hope something - may be done by the legislation of this year. 'l'he operation of the tariff, and the alteration in the Corn laws, which, though it does not go to the extent you require, certainly is, from all accounts we hear, causing more elasticity about business than has lately existed. The accounts from. - the country show some improvement. The causes and reme dies of this distress are very complicated, and many of them are beyond the reach of legislation. Government can only have a wish, as far as their judgment goes, to take those steps which are best for the general interests of the country. I can not discuss the remedies with you, but what I wish you to un derstand is, that however you differ with us as to remedies or causes, no subject has more occupied the attention of Govern ment during the session than this, and their attention will con tinue to be constantly directed to it during the recess. Lord Wit ARNCLIFFE having listened somewhat impatiently to the Deputation for five-and-twenty minutes, said—All I 'can say is that it is not necessary to state these matters to me ; I am quite aware of the distress, and 1 think we had better not enter more into the subject. No one can be more sensible than I am of the difficulties of the country, and the difficulties in which you are all placed ; the only point on which we differ is. the remedy. 13, Groat Marlborough street. VOLUME FOUR of MA.D. D'ARBLAY'S DIARY end LETTERS, IS NOW READY. *„* Orders received by alll3ookiellers. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. 13, Great Marlborough-street. LORD L ONDONDERRY'S.STE AM VOYAGE TO CONSTANTINOPLE, By the RHINE and the DANUBE, in 1840-41, IS NOW READY AT ALL THE BOOKSELLERS', In 2 vol=. Bvo., with Illustrations, 28s. bound. Henry Coiburn, Publisher, 13; Great Marlborough-street. HAMBURGH, JULY, 1842. IS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA. AND HIS MAJESTY' THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA, having A UTHORISED and GUARANTEED several DIS TRIBUTIONS of MONEY _DIVIDENDS, by which LARGE FORTUNES may be obtained. HEINE BRO THERS, at HAM HU RG.H, are now Selling Genuine and W 9 RRANTED SELECTED BONDS for the said DISTBIBU LIONS. grsons desirous to purchase may re,eive. PREVIOUS raving any order, the PROSIIECTUS with full PARTI CULARS, upon addressing, WITHOUT DELAY, a line to lIEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH. As we , ece:ve freqnently anplicvticns fnr CERTIFICATES, we ust bad ti observe, that a CERTIFICATE 's QUITE DIFFERENT from a BOND, and Oat there is a great dif ference aga'n between BONDS and SELECTED BONDS —the SELECTED BONDS ONLY TAKING PART IN ['HE DISTRIBUTION WHICH FOLLOWS THE SE ..ECTION, and which should never be overlooked, being of ,t•v greatest importance. . THEATRE-ROYAL,. ENGLISH OPERA-HOUSE. THIS EVENING, JULY 26. Will be Fees nted, the New Drama called THE LONE HUT.— Principal Characters by Mosses. 0. Smith, Dickies W. It Bland, and Harley, M , ss Murray, bliss Crisp, and Miss Faucit. • Ti which mill be added, the Farce of DEA} AS A POST.— Tristram Sappy, Mr Harley ; Sally Maggs, Miss Murray. ttter which, the New Burlesque allet, called G IZ ELLE:— Char:it:tots by Signor OxbeAritii and Madile. Louisetta Fairbro. . t TS conclude with the DREAM AT SEA.—Characters by Messrs Oxherry, W. H. Bland, and 0 Smith • Mimes Pincott and Faucit. Boxes, 4. Pit, s. Gallery, Is. Doors oven at Hall.past Six commence at &vex ; Half.price, a Quarter before Nine. Priva e liuxc 3 to be had of Mr. Grogan, at the Private Box.offic: ; and of M e,s I I. Andrews, Mitchell, Sams, and Bally, at their Libraries. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. THIS EVENING, JULY 26. Will be rspresen'ed Donizetti's Opera of THE; LOVE SPELL, &imported by the First Voeali'ts of the Day—Miss Homer, Mr, W. Harrison, Mr. Leffler, Mr. J. Webster, Mrs. Serle, and Miss E. Perrey Conductor, Mr. G. Stansbury. A Ml' which, Shakspere's Tragedy of MACBETH; with all Locke's Wendel Music, sung by the entire Opera Company. P 1 ..ves and Private :loxes may be ad of Mr. J. kerschner, at the 1 ox Office, from Eleven till Four daily. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. GRAND FLORAL FETE. THIS DAY, TUESDAY, JULY 26, The ROYAL SOUTH LONDON FLORICULTURAL SO CIETY will hold their SECOND SUMMER SHOW for 1842 in the at ,ove admirably adapted Grounds, on the same scale of splendour that has always distinguished these popular Fetes. SEVENTY PRIZES of SILVER CUPS, GOLD and SILVER MEDALS, and the LINNEAN MEDAL, Will be awarded to the succes fut Exhibitors. Besides the Exhibition of Floral and Horticultural products, which from the fineness of the season and other favourable circumstances, is confidently expected to be unusually rich, varied, and extensive, toe whole of the popular Entertainments for which this Establish. went is so widely celebrated, will be given MI a scale of grandeur eclipsing all previous efitirts. Admission One Shilling. Gates open at One t oncert at Six. Fireworks at half-past Nine. The Evening Fetes, with all the usual attrac i tions, every Monday, Tuesday, and Thursday. Open from Ten in the Morning. Feeding Hour Five o'clock. All Advertisements of a Disgusting Character, or Immoral Tendency, are excluded from the Columns of " The Sun." ness ? We are all consumers and must all benefit by it. Consider for a moment what a large mass of sec...ley is composed under the terms manual . labourers and shopkeepers, clerks and manufacturers, artisans and salaried workmen ! Why these terms embrace four-fifths of society, and all would be benefited by following out the principles which are so feebly acted on in the tariff. The remaining fifth of society, consisting of the landowners and parsons, and a fe‘V great capitaliits, the value of whose stock or ca pital might be subject to a reduction —though the an nual income derived from it, considered as a power of purchasing other commodities, would not be at all lowered—might be injured, though we doubt whether they would, by the inestimable benefit conferred on the other four-fifths of the spciety. In a communi cation read yesterday at the Anti- Corn-law Con ference, a farmer dwelt on the price of seed and of labour, as enhanced .by the Corn-laws; he might have added, the 'coat of the keep of his animals for labour, and of all the skilled - labour he is compelled to buy, tis enhanced by the same cause; so that he wrAila share the inestimable benefits of the universal cheapness, as well as starving. women and children, :Ind unemployed workmen. In fact, the whole emu mummify, without exception, would share in the delight which labourers and shopkeepers would feel at the announceinentswe have adverted to. To confer these immeasurable benefits on society is yet in the power of the 'Legislature. It is only necessary to forego its deadly gripe, to loosen the fetters it has cast around us, to remove the taxes and restrictions which it, and it alone, has imposed. Na ture, or GOD, puts no impediments in the way of trade. He leaveS commerce free. He invites men, by endowing the world with different climates, to engage in it. He teaches them how to make the trackless ocean, which, might seem an insuperable obstacle to communication, the means of wafting nations and their wealth from 'shore to shore. All the obstacles, therefore, to universal cheapness and universal plenty, Which those who boast of the benefit of the small reductions made by PEEL imply would be the result of the abolition of duties and restrictions, are' caused by the ignorant or the malignant law maker. Contrasting what society might be, merely as to plenty—the admitted result of the abolition of fiscal duties and restrictions—with what it is under those restrictions, legislation assumes, as it were, the characteristics of a demon which delights in blastim?, the happiness of mankind. Oil the one hand is abundance, joy, and delight, from removing fetters, taxes, and monopolies ; on the other is dearth, sorrow, agony, and crime, from continuing them. how long does the Legislature, which comes before the nation in such colours, count, let us so lemnly ask, on receiving the respect, the love, the obedience of mankind? It was truly said by the Earl of RADNou last night, that their Lordships were about to pass the Colliery Bill to put an end to immorality, as the law puts down, a disorderly house. So the Earl of DEVON said that the practice of women working in a colliery with men ahnost in a state of nudity, must have a direct and immediate tendency to promote vice and im morality. Is not this inference of the Noble Earl, and of the supporters of the Bill, more a suggestion of some prurient imagination than a reality ? The Commissioners have not adduced a single fact to prove 'that the naked collier lads and lasses are nicire immoral than the well-dressed youth of both sexes in the metropolis, or than the well-fed and carefully clothed servants of the PeerS. The se verity of the toil, and the danger to which both par ties are continually exposed in the pits, assure us that sexual immorality• must he there the rare exception, not the rule. If their Lordships had read the Re port they would have observed the age of puberty is much retarded in the collier children, which is a complete contradiction of the assumption that the passions are excited by the nudity of the people. " In estimating," says Dr. S. SNITM, in a note to page 193, " the influence on the physical constitution of great muscular exertion constantly enacted during the period of childhood, one further result of it deserves especial notice, namely, the retardation of the epoch of puberty. Attention was first drawn to this result during the ex amination by one of the Commissioners of some young persons at a thin seam coal pit in Yorkshire, in which the work. was particularly laborious, and the pit more 'than commonly wet and dirty. ,The young persons who einie under observation were stated to be.various ages, froth fourteen to eighteen, and one case was nineteen. ot► a careful examinalon of - them, the Commissioner found that, with the exception of the teeth, which ha'd developed naturally, there was not present a single sign of puberty. The same was subsequently found to be the case with great numbers of young persons examined specially with reference to this point, in many pits in the neighbourhood of Wakefield and Halifax, and a similar retardation, though not in so great a degree, was ob served in girls." • With all deference, therefore, to the Earl of DE. VON, and the gentlemen who have made such a great outcry about the immoralities that are practised in narrow gutters, and against coal-walls under ground, where the man lies on his side, working a pick, in a most constrained and irksome position, we 'believe that the public have been deluded and cheated by the false inferences of an unchaste imagination. Naked ness is not immorality. The colliers do not wantonly expose their persons ; they are constrained, by the tem perature of the mines, and the nature of their occu pation, to work almost naked ; and it is incorrect to infer from that that they must be immoral: We be lieve they are as moral as the best clothed people in the . empire ; and the law that -is passed to interfere with their occupations, as if they were a violation of morality, is based on a wrong foundation. A parson of the name of MELVILLE, whom Mr. MiLsEit CrinsoN represents as in close connexion with several of her MAJESTY'S Ministers, as advising them probably on - religious matters—giving them abso lution possibly for the many sins they commit against the people, evidently soothing their consciences by his opinions, who is represented, too, as one of the most eloquent parsons of the day, has, according to Mr. MILNER GlnsoN, said— That the tendency which of late years has been so largely exhibited in this country—the t e nd e n c y to the ekanging an agricultural for a manufacturing popula tion—to the gathering the people into dense masses, for which it were almost hopeless to attempt providing means of Christian instruction (even if the frightful de mands upon strength and upon time allowed of their being used, supposing them provided), that this tendency. is amongst the most fatal that was ever encouraged, and is but likely to continue, working - out an increasing and even irremediable disaster. We hope that Mr. M. GIBSON has reported incor rectly of the parson, for certainly a greater display of . impious ignorance we have rarely met with in any passage of a parson's discourse, which, considering the impious language habitually used by parsons, is saying a great deal. We apprehend that Mr. MnL v ii.LE will not deny, whether he consult the Scrip t ilres, or trace the history of man, that it is a command of Gon, that the human race should replenish the earth. He cannot deny that the law of population is as much a part of nature as the law of gravity. It 1 is the consequence of this law that 'men multiply on the.earth, and, multiplying on the earth, they must become' er l (4(ted, - Or gathered' intOdense'MaSseS, and . yet • the parson says, perhaps suppO§ing himself in-; Spired, that this natural and iiievitable - consequence of the la•W of crOD . is ihe most fatal tendenCY that was ever encouraged It is at least certain that, it has taken 'plaee all over the world, except, perhaps, wretched Ireland; and from Pekin to Manchester, as the people have multiplied, they have been gathered into dense masses. The reasons are obvious. As men multiply, division of labour and skill increases. A comparatively small and ever-diminishing portion of society suffices to provide the raw material of subsistence for the whole. In the progress of society less and less labour is re quired to provide food. There can be no doubt whatever that the agricultural productions of England have much increased, as the manufacturing towns have grown up ; and no doubt whatever, that those increased productions do net require an equal In crease of, hands to provide them. There is only a small increase of agricultural population. There has been no exchange, then, of an agTicultural for a manu facturing. population ; but the latter has grown up additional to the former. and the dense masses have both provided a market for the additional agrieultund produce, and have found employment and food, and have so kept in existence, as they have absorbed into themselvvs the ever-increasing spare' hands of the agricultural districts. The skilled labour which grows up in every society subsequently to agriculture, does otrejuir on e, like agricultu re , a l arg e space for its operations. r' the contrary, the smith, the t ailo r , the wheelwri g ht, the spinner, the weaver, the founder, the collier, &c., all working with and for one another, save time and save Labour by living close together. They must communicate with each other. The weaver gets his yarn from the spinner, the spinner his machinery from the wheelwright, and the smith —now called the engineer—who mint be at hand to repair it ; and the smith fixes his furnace or forge as near as he can to the collier that be may get fuel as convenientl as he can. Then the crowding together of men into masses, which this parson impiously derides and vilifies, is the necessary and inevitable consequence of that increase of population which the ALMIGHTY' has orialaal. We do not exactly know the sense in which Mr. MELVILLE nses the phrase, " even if the frightful demands upon strength and time allowed," but he cannot surely mean that the congregating the people ' into masses 'nukes any additional demand 011 the. par - s9n's strength or time to teach them. They art im mediately accessible to him, while he must travel miles through an agricultural community to get many hearers as he may find in one workshop in 55.24- chester or Birmingham. Gathering men into mauve makes it easy and cheap to dispenm ainomrst thrm kinds of instruction; and though Air. :).Frr.vikr.v . i.4 obviously a most ignOrant and. unrefleethig peison, he cannot possibly mean that the gathering the people into passes adds to thp difficulty of tea Ching them, and adds to the labour of the 1 NirF4 thOllgh wo know that it adds vastly to his wealth. What we believe Mr. Mtr.vir.nn means is that the " demands on the strength and the time of labourers" in manufacturing districts, make them urrable to pro fit by Christian Instruction. put they profit by other teaching. The bulk of the mannfacturing po pulation are much better informed ,on most things than the bulk of the agricultural populaiien. They are notch more accessible to teachiteg than the IKII - Their time is not so fully occupied. 'That invaluable machinery they work with often requir!s but little attention. They can tsmverse, and sonic . times read, while they are at. their labours. if Mr. MEILVII.LI: mean, therefore, that, the Masses bythenii,- 11Ufik'tlyintr towns have neither time nornportunity . , to,profit by religions teaelting, he sbews roundly ignorant of their condition. , • We admit that they do not love Mr. - Mm.vn.r.tt's Christimnity. They are shocked Mt the idea of a toi•il Bishop. The immense wealth of the parsons, Arbo advocate, like Mr. MELNILLE, the eontinuauco of the starvation laws, while they preach poverty, offends the good sense of the workmen. We admit that they are; to a great -extent, not followers of the Church. They see that the whole lite of the State parsons gives the lie to their doctrines, and they cannot believe. The Unbelief in priestcraft, arising from the shrewdness wh:ch grows up amongst massc, is, as Mr. Thinvita.2.; allows clearly to be seen, he source of his nnt.172f..,- thy to the town population. lie will not Iliwe a town population in the land. He objects to the people living in dense masses. He will thwart- the ordinances of Gon, he will deride and vilify the work of creation, because the new town population is not' servile, and will not consent to be priest-ridden. Rather than not have slaves, the priesthood, speaking by Mr. AILXILLE will starve the people. RECISTUATION.—A Correspondent has sent us a paper pointing out the means by which Reformers may disfranchise some of their opponents, and call ing on them to exert themselves to take objections and diSqualify Tories. As we have no doubt 2, similar communication will be made to other jotrnals, , beg leave to caution all Reformers again.o, acting- 4 0n this advice. Th e i r p r i nc ipl e is to extend the suffrage by all the means in • their power. They have de manded the abolition of the disqualifying *rate-ixiying clauses, and they onght . . not to call thqq , clalist=s into activity even against an adversary. They are too right-minded to annoy their neighhours for the purpose of gaining a.few votes. If the Tories act so disreputably, let no honest Reformer follow the bad example. besides, on the great, and at present all important, question of free trade, the 'lonics of the middle and trading classes are corning over to our side. In disfranchising them, therefore, 13,-o shall dis franchise our own friends. We confidently trust, therefore, that the Reformers will reject the insidious advice we have alluded to, should it be offered them. \‘, * . 4 ** A t. ca.`la Jo , ) 5 44: m tu "V I • '" 2 - *lnt4 LONDON: TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 26, 1842. Sir ROBERT PEEL and his friends boast very much of the effect of the new tariff., During the first week it came into operation, th e qust om -h ouses of London and the outports were crowded with people clearing goods—extra clerks were required, it was said—and more business was done in that week, than had been done before for six months. Its beneficial effects are visible in an importation of horned cattle from Rot terdam and pigs from Sweden. Already, the grocers of the Metropolis have placarded their windows with Effects of the Tariff. Prime Java Coffee, Is. Bd. per lb," and so on. Potatoes may soon be expected from the Ems and the Weser, and, conjoined with a good harvest at home, We are told to expect universal cheapness. Far be it from us to deny the advantages of ever so small a reduction of duty, or of the removal of ever so trifling a restriction on trade ; but we may .be allowed to ask,,.. such great benefits are to flow from reducing certain extrava gant duties, and lightening cert onerous ,regric= tions, what would he the effect. of the , fetal abolition 'of sueh fiscal regulations? If the grocer, instead of placarding his Windows with Coffee, ls r Bd, could put up Best COffee, ls. ; .Best Refined' Loaf Sugar, ; Best Rice, Id. ;—if the butcher, too, instead of ex hibiting no bill at all, by the total abolition of all duties on foreign cattle of all descriptions, could announce the glorious news of Prime Joints at 4d., Necks and Scrags, id. ;—if the baker, also, by the total abolition of Corn-laws, could put up bills, statingßest Bread sold here, four pounds for 3d. ;—and if the green grocer could gladden the hearts of all the eaters of potatoes with an announcement that he would willingly sell six pounds for a penny—would there not be a jubilee throughout the land? Men would be frantic with hap piness. Would not the hearts of thousands be imme diately gladdened, and their eyes, be dried ? Would not mothers again claq their little ones to their bosoms with affection, and piously and gratefully thank Goy the dreadful famine was at an end ? Would not the flown-stricken father, too, immediately hasten to his old employer, and willingly offer his services on the master's terms, sure to receive the employment which had been denied him for weeks ? Would not all the green-grocers, bakers, butchers, and grocers immediately hold up their heads, and feel certain that their trade would again revive? All these things would occur; and the rejoicing of the Monopolists or Peelites over the benefits of some paltry reduction of duties, and some substitution of high, duties for prohi bitions, is their testimony to the immensely larger be nefits which would accrue from the total abolition of all discriminating duties. And who would be injured by the universal cheap. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, Mosnar.—The Queen and Prince Albert, o..‘e Hereditary Prince and Princess of Sale Coburg Gotha, a•._ tended by Viscount Jocelyn and V'iact►unt Shirley, v att, eal to Adelaide Lodge this morning, and returnee► to the Cwltif it pony phaetons. Their Royal IlighneF,t-es the Prince of Wales and the Prinec;•a Royal were taken an airing, ac.comp-anied by the Dowager Lady L3ttritort. In the afternoon the Hereditary Prince and Prine.i Saxe Coburg vent into the Great Part, in a pony phaeton, his Serene Highness driving. The Royal Dinner party at the Castle this evening will in clude the hereditary Prince and Princas of Saxe Coburg Gotha, Vit•count Jocelyn. Hon. Miss Devereux, Baroness I.ehzen, Baron de Brandenstein, Viscount Sydney, Captain Hood, Hon. Colonel Grey,-aild Colonel Lkitiverie. Yesterday was the birthday of bee Royal Ilighnesa the Duchess of Cambridge. The auspicious event was celebrated as her Royal Highness's residence at Kew. Prince George of Cambridge arrived at Kew fawn town in the forenoon_ Shortly before three o'clock, her M.ajosty the Qneen Dowager, accompanied by his Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, arrived to pay e visit of eongratula tion to the Royal Duchess, attended by her Suite, from her residence. Bushy House, Bushy Park. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by Ludy Charlotte Dundas, arrived at Kew, to pay a congratulatory visit to the Royal Duchess a short time previous to her Ma jesty. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester had also arrived from her residence in Bagshot Park, and his Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex, from Kensington Palace. A dejeutter was served to the Illustrious party in cluding the Duke and Duchess, and the Princesses Augusta and Mary of Cambridge. The Royal party remained at Kew until past five o'clock, when her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent took her depar ture, attended by Lady Charlotte pandas. Px her residence. Claivnee House, St. James's. Her Majesty the Queen Dowager afterwards left for Bushy Park, and the Duchem of Gloueestur returned to Bagshot Park. A Deputation from Leeds and Manchester, had an interview with Sir Robert Peel yesterday, at hie official residence, in Downing.street. Mr. Wickham. ChalYwan of the Stamp; and TaxeF, bad • an interview with the Chancellor (4 the Exobaper yesterday, iu Downing- street. A Deputation, including the Mayor of Leeds, Mr. Hold. forth of Lads, Mr. Chappel of Manchester, Mr. Gardener of Manchester, Mr. T. A.shten of Hyde, Mr. Ashworth of Bolton, Mr. Brook of Iludderufield, Mr. Akroyd of Halifax, Mr. Walker of Bury, Mr. Higginbottom of Abbtou, Mr. Car rick of Carlisle, and Mr. Biggs of Leicester, had an inttorview with Lord Stanley, yesterday, at the Colonial-office Despatches from the Governor of the Cape to Good Hope were received yesterday at the Colonial-office. WORKING OF THE INCONEE-TAX. Recent inquiries and information which has reached us, has convinced us that the Inome-tax create indirectly as great a lass to the revenue' as the profit which it directly brings into the Exchequer. There is, in fact, so strong- a disposition to scve the tax by giving up other taxed article, that scarcely an individual in the community wilt, neglect so obvious an expedient of lawfla evasic n. We will describe one case—that of a profe.4sional fr nid re siding in a large manufacturing town hi this evuntyp Last year he kept a four-wheeledchaise, orieherst but compounded for one or more horses, a man-ser'rartk. and a couple of dogs. MI these he put down previewps to the month of April, with the express dcsig of saving 119 much of the Income-tax, out of othev cOntribut‘ons •to the State, as he possibly could. By this mewls his saving will be 121. What Ms income is., we are got aware, but assuming it to be 5001. a yea, the 'bean ie tax will be. 141, 11x. a, so that his coutribUtiou to the revenue, instead .of being an addition of the late ter amount over - and above his former eontriLution.-„w ill only be an addition of 21, 1 s. 84., orless than en e fifth of . whit Sir Robert Peel 'Caliiiilated Upon. as amount is so small, that were our friend and Others *1 Kw adopt a similar, expedient, dispoSed, he might easiity save it in other ways, by reducing his consumption twe excisable articles, for instance, or by blocking unimportant window in his honse. This last exv.dieult we know has been resorted to by many, and a tett gatherer in the same town to which Ni'e have alxwe alluded, reports, that there is scarcely a single Inha bitant from whom he has been in the habit of collect— ing taxes, who has not adopted, or who is not preparing . to adopt, some mode of saving the Incotre-tax, or a portion of the Income-tax, out of the other taxe. If this practice•be generally resorted to, the Income tux will not be nearly so productive as Sir . Robert Peel anticipates. Taxation has now gone as far as it can go. The squeezing process has been carried to - an extreme; and the time has at length arrived, as with a milch cow, when, milk as they will, the Go vernmentcannot draw another drop.--liee4s Tire . The Earl of Orford, Lord Miltown, Sir William and Lady de Bathe and family, Sir John Rynas-ton, Lady Slade, Colonel Blomefield, ke. & c . , f ormed part of die large number of passengers who proceeded to Antwerp, and the Rhine. on Sunday last, by the Antwerpen, Cape, Jackson. from the St. Katherine's -wharf Tower. 'The sa me Company's steam-ship Princess - Victoria, Captain Minter, arrived at the Wharf yesterday morning, from Ant.n•erp--Colonel Dixon, the Hon. !Mr. Upton, Mr. Canning, &c were 'amongst her p-asscfigOm IN TRRESTING Rtmc.—On Thursday morning, a piece of wood, addressed to the Lord Steward of her Majesty's d t a Household, wat. landed at the W oo l w i c h D oc k yar d from the Rha o u l l i ai er lth 11Illasj :stety, at Windsor Castle. It is said to have ara-ves4el, and forwarded yesterday as a pre sentformed part o f t h e identierl tree on which Alexander Selkirk mate-his notches to calculate time, and on which his.parro perched during his long solitary residence in the island of Juan Fernandez, He was, as is well-known, the hero of 'De Foe' interesting t a l e o f Robinson Crusor. 't