The Sun. — London, England, 1855-04-04 00:00:00

DRIIRY-LANE.—Lmee, Mr. E. T. Smitl. Reduced Prices as usual. THIS EVENING, L 4sr PERFORMANCE of Meyerbeer's L'ETOILE 117 NORD AS originally produced in England. Immense reception of the great Finale ;o the second act, performed by Four compere Orchestras, and a Chorus of 61 Voices, with Solos by Miss Po le, 3lr. Bowler, Dir. Dlacke, and Mr. Henri Drayton. Selections from "Bohemian Girl" aad " Maritana," together with ths ceiebrated " March aux jriambeaux," and a new Quartette and Choriv, " Viva Luigi Napo-. leone," composed in honour of the approaching vi it of his Imperial MAlesty of France to this country. Admission—Dress Circle, 2s 6d; 2'romenade and all other parts of the house, Is. THE )TEE ROYAL HAYMARKET. Under the management of Mr. Buckstone. ON EASTER MONDAY win be presented THE SECRET AGENT. Principal characters by Mr. Bactstone and Miss E. Chaplin. To be followed by a new Ballet, in which the Spanish Dancers 7111 appear, entitled THE 'EVENING FESTIVAL. After which, a new Extravaganza. called THE NEW 11117- /KIRILET SPRING MEETING, 1855. L TV ecrclude with THE GALICIAN FETE. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD -STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Csa3r./.5 KLAN. ON EASTER MONDAY Will be performed LIVING TOO FAST. To be fo'l°wed by THE CORSICAN BROTHERS. Principal character by Mr. C. Kean. To conclude with (first time) a Romance, in two acts, entit'ed VIE MULETEER OF TOL'EDO' or, King, Queen, and Knave. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Wm. Cooke. Mr. William Cooke begs to acknowledge one of the most successful seasons o r ,1,3 Royal Amphitheatre, and announces that on EASTER MONDAY there win be produced an original Equtdrama, to be called, TFIE FIELD AGAINST THE FAVOURITE ; developing events of peculiar character and general Interest ! Nove l SCENES in the CIRCLE, and a variety of amusements, will end their aid 0 the evening's entertainment. Boa-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. west. Acting Manager, a r. W. H. Cooke. Equestrian Director, pir. W. Cooke, jun. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Under the direction of Miss Rebecca Isaacs. THIS EVENING. The WIZARD of the WORLD will appear in his Magic Saloon, with a variety of amusements. To be followed by THE BARBER OF CADIZ, introducing the Drury-lane Ballet Company. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tags DAT —Morning 3 min.after 3 f Evening 20 min.aft. 3 To-crow —Morning 34 nain.after 3 1 Evening 49 111111 . aft" 3 THE WEATHER.—SIN Omar, April. 4. TaERMOXICTIB, IN THE SITADE. 52 —highest since noon yesteraay. 41—lowest this morning and during the night.. 50—this day, at noon. SAROKETICIt, 29'77. WIND, N.E. to E.—Light breeze, with dull weather and occasional sunshin e . Some rain in the morning. `('~~ ~_ ~ ~- , §3)l/1. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 4, 1855. A time-honoured apophthegm tells us that "Wretches hang, that jurymen may dine." It presents, however, but one phase of a great social grievance —an evil of no ordinary magni tude. It illustrates the habitual apathy and insouceance with which men disregard their most important public duties when opposed to their, own private interests, inflicting the deepest in juries on their fellow-subjects, or on society in general, rather than submit to some trifling per sonal inconvenience. The adage is now applica ble, not merely to a petty jury, but to the grand inquest of the nation --not to a dozen persons whose compulsory attendance is required without recompence or acknowledgment, but to several hundred persons, who voluntarily solicit and re sort to every effort to obtain the high distinction of a seat in the British Parliament, and expressly or impliedly bind themselves in the most solemn manner to discharge the arduous and im portant duties incidental to the position. Never, perhaps, was there a national emergency when the utmost vigilance was more imperatively required at the hands of every member of either branch of the Legislature. The fate of Europe, as well as the honour and welfare of the United Kingdom, is trembling in the balance. A ques tion of vital consequence is under discussion by the representatives of the different Powers assembled at the Austrian capital. Sinister rumours are in circulation as to the timid policy adopted by the English Plenipotentiary at the Conference. It is said, and, unfortunately the assertion is too strongly corroborated to warrant incredulity, that he is willing to assent to terms alike discreditable and disastrous to the Western Powers ; to nego tiate a peace which cannot possibly prove perma nent, and which will leave the objects for which we were compelled to draw the sword, and to enter into what has been truly denominated " a just and necessary war" unaccoraplislied, which will leave our unfortunate protegee, in whose cause we buckled on our armour, in a much worse condition than he would have been but for our ill-omened assistance. It was almost at the very moment when these rumours had'assumed such consistency as almost to compel belief when serious apprehensions were entertained that each day would bring forth the melancholy tidings of national disgrace—that the Britiph Parliament adjourned for an unusu ally protracted vacation, suspending its sittings until the 16th instant, so that any possibility of interference, or evenrotest, was prevented until after the full cons mmation of the impending evil. Like the j4rymen of the proverb, the chosen representatives of the British people were willing that any danger should be encountered, any mischief perpetrated, rather than their anti. cipated holidays should be in any degree abbre viated. What signified the retention of Sebasto pel, in all its ominous strength, by the AUTOCRAT, in comparison to the full and unalloyed enjoy ment of the Easter vacation by themselves, their families, and dependents ! What signified th e loss of prestige by France and England when weighed in the balance against the coveted opportunities of playing the great men at their respective country seats ! Unlike th e energetic men described by the Roman poet— "Vil actuni credeus , cum quid superesset ag en d um ," who considered nothing done while anything re mained to be accomplished, they are contented with the appearance of business, wh i le their inac tivity and indifference is the theme of every tong ? . Two months have 7 already been the suL been squan dered, - wad w hat are the fruits . stitution of the younger DROMIO for his elder brother, and a. much larger infusion of the aris tocratic element into the literalry nothings been nothing— been achieved; while those who ought to be the vigilant guardians of the and dancing commonweal are pi p i ng at the edge of the volcano. It is then for "the Fourth Estate ; " the much despised-journalists, to assum e the functions thus abdicated by the popular re p ree entetivea—t e up lift their warning vo i ces, and to prevent the people from being delud e d by the expect a ti on of peace, where there can be no real peace .--t o 0. ,._ pose the truckling subservience to " Germanism," that makes our representative, i n to the wishes of Austria, refrain from in sisting on the cession, or at least the di,_ mantling, o. of Sebastopol. As we have inces santly declared, and as we shall repeat while there is yet a hope of arousing the British nation from its slumber, there can be no satisfactory or lasting peace while a single fortification of Sebastopol re mains standing. It would be exposing Russia to tation under which she would un q ues- I fr i i tztfa i he/Alen the first convenient oppo rt unity. "- flicintise^reepectinc, the limitation of her fleet .. ' 1114 be, worse than us e l ess , inasmuch as it would WO : ' . i s ,Lably be broken, and at a time when, owing . t o the endue reliance on the valueless pledge, we should be totally unprepared to enter on the inevitable conflict. It would even be better that England should fortify Sinope, and maintain a large navy in the Euxine, although, as we have already pointed out, such a course would be tan tamount to an addition of some 20 per cent. to the public debt, and a matter of thousands of valuable lives in every ensuing year ! Such matters prove beyond the possibility of doubt the impera tive necessity of decision at the existing crisis. We must not suffer " the light cloud " to pass away before the necessary measures are taken. The suspicious conduct of FRANCIS JOSEPH, the ominous neutrality of King LEOPOLD, prove that we are, and have long been, leaning on a broken reed, in hoping for the active co-operation of Austria. We must not suffer the bitter but salu tary lesson to be misapplied. Our real Ally is France. We should more closely cement the bonds by which we are united to her, and firmly eschew any course by which the hold which her chosen EMPEROR, the elected of eight millions of French men, has on the affections of hi 3 people, might be impaired or destroyed. The chivalry of France and England are unanimous iu their views, and woe to any Minister who shall dare to conclude a Treaty in opposition thereto ! The occurrences of importance which have transpired in various parts of the world contem poraneously with the progress of the European war between the Allied Powers and the Russian Autocracy, occurrences to which we yesterday made a sort of generalised reference as entitled to popu lar consideration, are sufficiently manifold to be wilder one at the first blush in their mere enumeration, and sufficiently varied to embarrass for a while whoever might venture upon their simple classification. A few of the more promi nent among these great popular events we took occasion to mention cursorily towards the close of our remarks last evening. Numerous others crowd upon the memory at the first mo ment of retrospect. It appears to us that, in the throng of these arresting recollections, the only escape from a chaotic confusion of all, jumbled promiscuously together, into anything like lucidity in the arrangement of each in its proper sequence, distinctly and individually, will be to recall to remembrance for an instant how it is that the principal powers of the earth are situated in regard to the struggle now raging in the East. considering, in other words, what their precise position may be at this moment in reference to the somewhat momentous alternative of maintain ing to the last an inflexible neutrality, either armed or unarmed, as events may necessitate, or of directly participating in the struggle as among the actual and recognised belligerents. Whatever may be declared to the contrary by the more credulous votaries of our great political hobgoblin—Red-Tapist Diplomacy—it is still, up to this instant, matter of doubt how far Austria has embarked upon that ocean of difficulties—the war against the Russian Autocracy. Whether, in short, the Cabinet of Vienna has yet resolved upon a complete accordance with the Allied councils of St. James's and the Tuileries, or abso lutely broken, for once and for all, in this contest about Turkey, with the Imperial Court of St. Petersburg. It is perfectly well understood, on the contrary, what it is that may be expected from Prussia ; to speak plainly upon the matter, that nothing else can be looked for from the di rection of Potsdam beyond duplicity, insincerity, hypocrisy, and vacillation whatever may at any time have been hinted at Paris by M. WEDELL, or at London by M. USEDOM, as to the possibility of any more favourable result to their frivolous and protracted negotiations. It is re cognised by the discovery that nothing advan tageous to the interests of the Western Powers can be wrested from the tenacious servility of M. MaNTEusTEL to the crooked and despicable policy hitherto in vogue at Charlottenburg. It is perceived no less plainly that little benefit to the same cause can be seriously anticipated at the instance of M. Duos, as the mouthpiece of the scarcely less csooked and despicable policy of Schoenbrunn. It were hardly more absurd, in either instance, to expect fair play and honest dealing in regard to the cpiestions now at issue, from the wily words and tortuous state craft of the smooth spoken but unyielding and wholly inexorable M. DE NESSELRODE. Turkey has long since come to the decision of looking for little, in the way of active support in her antagon ism to _Russia, beyond what is derivable from that twofold tower-of-strength in which she has until now, neither idly nor vainly confided, the energetic and strenuous assistance magnanimously afforded by France and England united. The warlike aid yielded to the Divan by Egypt can not, of course, be included in any way within the same category—the powerful contingent re cently disembarked at Eupatoria, being in truth nothing more nor less than a splendid attestation of loyalty from a faithful Viceroy to his liege Lord and Suzerain. Something different, it is true, might be said as to the contingent about to be conducted to the shores of the Crimea, by General DE LA MARMORA, as the leader of the gallant soldiers of Sardinia. Nevertheless, all else becomes subordinated in this particular to the attitude assumed towards the giant enemy of civilisation, on behalf of his Imperial MAJESTY the Sultan AED-UL-MEDJID, by the two most influential among the mightier powers of the earth, those respectively presided over by the constitu tional sway of Queen VICTORIA, and the autho ritative sceptre of the Emperor NAPOLEON. Sus tained by this momentous alliance between the French and English Governments, it signifies coormnpoarthateis.sreelsyt l o it f t t l l e it t : o st t a h t e es Sublime o P p oer refraint Porte wh et h a e l together from participating in the perils of the contest, or evince an anxiety to share in the glories of the struggle by the contribution of a contingent to the armies now, during the last six months, en camped before Sebastopol. Nevertheless, it still continues worthy of note to every impartialw while ob server of these extraordi nary events, that most of the lesser powers of Germany betray an agreement with the more timorous policieshioththeretros cherished both at Berlin and Vienna, many among the minor States of Europe reveal, on the other hand, a manifest, and wise, and magnani mous accordance with the more chivalrous course pursued from the outset by the councils of Paris and London, as well as more recently by the Ca binet of Turin, iu furtherance of the cause which, in the first instance, summoned forth against the giganticand e n authority ae tCZARino. the then unassisted fleets and armies suddenly collected together from Alexandria There can be would amongst trlaaewriangls n e l e y l y:ny doubt, for example, that ;Sweden p i t y of o il itself . of the earliest reasonable opportu nityall thi the sword from the scabbard as la sof the Allies, if merely with an eye to the vague ohm ic of Finland. 1 7 .1 :)f some possible reacquisition little question, ue naanner there can be but Den mark would hail with that that Den- that might reasonably opentl up any prospect neat and secure reclamation from Prussian influ- P t ° her the porma ences of the entire of the Schleswig-g o y s • lations. Belgiu m , meanw hil e popu maul , re • ' tree to THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AF/RIL 4, 1855, SPANISH BONDHOLDERS. The following correspondence has reference to the claims of the English bondholders on the Spanish Government, which would appear to have been enforced by her Majesty's representative, Lord Howden, with a degree of energy and ability that cannot be sufficiently commended : "To HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT OF THE CORTES, her sympathies with the contiguous Confederation. Spain has enough to do just now, in all con science, in keeping a more vigilant watch than ever upon the Carlist provinces, in the reviving dread that CABRERA may once again prove himself to be a not unworthy successor of the heroic Zi.T3IALACAREGLI. To say nothing of the strenu ous efforts sustained by ESPARTERO in the Cortes, in the desperate hope of yet accomplishing success fully the long awaited labour of a complete con stitutional reorganisation. Portugal, having to all appearance abandoned, at least for a while, its Miguelite day-dreams, ever since the unjustifiable suppression from without of the Junta of Oporto, seems to be contentedly watching the endeavours made by the Regency to pave the way to the throne of the BRAGANZAS, if not to strew the path with the roses of popularity for the stripling son and successor of MARIA DA GLORIA. Having rapidly surveyed the relative situation of the principal and secondary powers of Europe, at a juncture when the sword of the CZAR is crossed simultaneously by those of England, France, Turkey, Egypt, and Sardinia—when Austria remains with hers dubiously half-drawn from the scabbard—when Sweden and Denmark have each an eager but hesitating hand upon the hilt—when Prussia would almost seem to have twisted hers into a corkscrew : it will not be dif ficult to consider altogether irrespectively of the present struggle in the Crimea—the more conspi cuous events which have simultaneously transpired elsewhere, not in Europe only, but also in the rest of the four continents, and even among our Australian antipodes, in the Western as well as in the Eastern hemisphere. It can hardly be other wise than judicious to take more than one retro spective glance at occurrences of this immediately contemporaneous character. Besides, one would be scarcely adequate for the mere task of their epitomised enumeration. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen, attended by.the Duchess of Athol!, Lord Charles Fitzroy and Colonel, Seymour, visited her Royal Highness the Duchess of Glocester yesterday afternoon at Glocester-house. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent and the Prince Ernest of Leiningen visited her Majesty yesterday at Buckingham Palace. Prince Albert presided yesterday morning at a meet ing of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition o 18M. His Royal Highness, attended by Colonel Seymour, arrived at the New Palace of Westminster at 11 o'clock. The commissioners present were—Lord Stanley of Alderley, Lord Overstone, Sir Alexander Spearman, Sir William Cubitt, Sir Charles Eastlake, S:r Richard Westmacott, Mr. T. F, Gibson, Mr. Hamilton, and Colonel Oliphant. Mr. Edgar Bowring, secretary to the commission, attended. Dr. Lyon Playfair was present. The meeting broke up at a quarter before two o'clock. The Royal dinner party in the evening at Bucking ham Palace included their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess Augustus of Saxe Coburg, his Serene High ness the Prince of Leiningen, his Serene Highness Prince Ernest of Leiningen, the Earl of Clarendon, Lady S'aroline Barrington, the Lady in Waiting to the Princess Aggustus of Saxe-Coburn, Lady Charles Fitzroy, Major- General Wylde, and the Gentlemen in Waiting tePrince Augustus of Saxe-Coburg. The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt held a quarterly meeting yesterday at the official residence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, in Down ing-street. Present—the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Governor of the Bank of England, and the Deputy- Governor. Sir Alexander Spearman, Secretary and Controller-General to the Commissioners, attended. The Education Committee of her Majesty's most Hon. Privy C3uncil had a meeting on Monday, at the Council office. The Lords present were—the Lord President, the Duke of Argyll, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Sir Gecrge Grey, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Mr. Henry Smith had an interview with Viscount Palmerston yesterday, respecting travelling impregnable batteries. THE IMPERIAL VISIT TO ENGLAND. "The Imperial yacht, the Reine Hortense," says the Sentinelle of Toulon, " will have all her fittings corn pletecl in time to reach Boulogne on the I , sth, to be at the disposal of their Maje,ties." The small screw-vessel Faon, at Calais, it is said, will be a tender to the Riyal yacht. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, nccom• panied by his Serene Highness Prince Ernest of Lein ingen, is expecte Ito leave Clarence House to-day, for Frogrnore Lodge, where the Royal Duchess will remain during the stay of her illustrious daughter and the court at the Castle. Viscount and Vountess Palmerston entertained at dinner, on Monday evening, at their mansion, on the Terrace, Picea Idly, his Excellency the Sardinian Mini ster, L'Amiral Viscount de Cilambot, the E:irl and Countess of Shaftesbury, Admiral Deans Dundas and La'y Emily Deans Dundas, Miss Bowles, Sir Benjamin and Lady Hall, Sir John Shelley, Sir Augustus Clifford and Miss Clifford, and Mr. R. W. Grey, M.P. The Earl of Clarendon passes the Easter vacation in town. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess Au gustus of Saxe Cobourg visited her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester yesterday. The Earl of Burlington and Lady LouiFa Cavendish were to leave his lordship's seat, Holkar Hall, in Cum berland, yester,lay, for Castle Howard, on a visit to the Countess Dowager of Carlisle. The Earl of Cardigan arrived in Portman-square on Monday, from visiting the Duke of Rutland, at Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire. • The Earl of Glengall was sufficiently convalescent to take carriage exercise on Monday last. Sir Charles Fitzroy, K.C.B , late Governor-General of Australia, has arrived at Farrance's Hotel, Be!grave street. The Countess of Abergavenny, and family, have left Eridge Castle, and are at present staying at Birling Manor, from whence they are expected to come to town after Easter. The Hon. E. Mostyn, M.P., is a guest at Birling. The Earl of Abergavenny leaves town this morning for Birling. The Earl and Countess of Harrowby are visiting some friends in Surrey, a few miles from town. Her ladyship and family are not expected to return to town at present. The earl is in town daily. Viscount and Viscountess Falmouth left London this morning for Mereworth Castle, Kent, where they will pass the Easter recess. Viscount and Viscountess Sydney have left London for Paris, on a visit to their Excellencies Lord and Lady Cowley. Miss Budett Coutts is in Suffolk for a few days, visiting a relative. Baron Prevost, formerly private secretary to Kings Louis XVIII. and Charles X , died three days ago at the chateau of Voisenon, aged 73. 'We regret to hear that Mr. B!ackett, M.P., is seri ously ill at Paris. Galignani states that he is paralysed on one side. The incumbency of Kirkdale, near Liverpool, has become vacant by the death of the Rev. George Dover, MA. The benefice, which is worth 2001. a-year, is in the gift of trustees. Captain Douglas, who took out the General Screw Company's steamer Bosphorus to Australia, has been appointed harbour-master at Port Phillip, with a salary of 2,0001. a year, and a residence found him. It is reported that Mr. Mitchell, of Bond-street, will take over to Paris an English dramatic company during the period of the Exhibition. A - public meeting is called at the Shire-hall, Chelms for I, on Thursday next, to consider the best course for sec.iring the Ali Ragland Meeting of the Royal Agri cultural Society for the year 1856 being held at Chelms ford. The installation of Mr. Layard as Lord Rector of Marischal College, Aberdeen, will take place o n Thurs day. Th e Lord Rector, it is understood, will afterwards attend the launch of the magnificent vessel now building by the Messrs. Hall, and give her a name. The election to fill the vacancy in the representation of the borough of Lewes, occasioned by the Hon. H. Brand accepting the office of Junior Lord of the Trea sury, is fixed for to-morrow (Thursday). The hon. gen tleman is at present the only candidate in the field, and it is expected there will be no opposition. We ( Caledonian Mercury) regret to learn that Mr. Wallace, long the member for Greenock, is labourio,g under severe indisposition, arising from bronchitis. Mr. Wallace is in his 82d year, and his present ailment is causing considerable anxiety and alarm to his numerous friends. ROYAL SOCIETY OF LITERAT URE. —Professor Christ mas gave another lecture on the " Domestic Life of our Ancestors " yesterday at the rooms of the above insti tution. The subject for illustration was " Ornament," as a part of costume. SOCIETY of ARTS. —The paper to be read at this even ing's meeting is by Jr. Herbert Mackworth—" On the Diseases and Accidents of Mincre ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.—We understand that " Guil laume Tell " will be performed for the inauguration of the forthcoming season. MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—The marriage of the Earl of Lichfield frith the Lady Harriet Hamilton, eldest daughter of the Marquis of Abercorn, will take place during the present month, at Brocket Hall, Herts. , DEATH OF R. C. CARPENTER, ESQ.—We are sorry to have to announce the loss of one of our most accom plished architects, in the premature decease, on the 27th ult., at the early age of 43, of R. C. Carpenter, Esq., distinguished by the success with which he has prose cuted that revival of Gothic architecture which forms so charActeriztic a feature of the present generation. &a., Sec. -" London, March 20, 1855. "The undersigned members of the Committee of Spanish Bondholders in London, and representatives of the certificates issued for that portion of the public debt of Spain which was not funded by the Government of her Catholic Majesty under the law for its settlement, dated Ist August, 1851, beg most respectfully to address your Excellency on behalf of their constituents. " The certificates given by this committee to the holders of Spanish Bonds represent the one half of the arrears of interest due on their bonds at the period of conversion, an interest which had accrued and remained unpaid for a period of upwards of 10 years, upon a debt which had already been reduced under the conversion of Count Tor reno ; these certificates were issued, therefore, as a protest of the bondholders against the terms of a conversion which was manifestly unjust, but to which they were compelled to submit, or they would have lost their - right to the con version of their capital iota Deferred Bonds. " The undersigned have made repeated representations to the Ministers of her Catholic Majesty, from whom they have received assurances that the claims of the certificate holders are entitled to every consideration, but that their admission depends on the (fortes. This has been particu lar!), the case with their representation to his Excellency the Duke of Victory, who, with that sense of justice which so eminently distinguishes his Excellency's character, has admitted the justice of this claim by assuring this commit tee, through its agent at Madrid, Ignaee Bauer, Esq., ' that he and the Cabinet over which he presides will heartily endeavour to obtain from the approaching Cortes a just and prompt solution of this affair respecting which the Minister of Finance had consulted him.' "The undersigned, therefore, presume to submit to the consideration of your honourable bouse the claims of their constituents, and confidently trust that this appeal to the ho n our of the Cortes of Spain w ill no t b e made i n vain. The question at issue is one of very little pecuniary importance, considering the great resources of the country, and a recognition of the claims of the certificate-holders would at once restore to the Spanish nation the credit to which its resources and its reputation for honour clearly entitle it. " The undersigned have the honour to subscribe them selves your Excellency's most obedient humble servants, " LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD. " LIEUT-COL. SIR HENRY BAYLY, K.H. " DAVID MILNE HOME. Esq., of and Coldstream. " Wm. HENDERSON. " Lours SAMSON. "PRESIDENCY OF THE CONSTITUENT CORTES. "My Lord,—l have received your lordship's courteous communication of yesterday's date, enclosing the petition which has been addressed to me by a considerable number of your fellow-citizens residing in London, and in which, with reference to an important affair, they set forth their grievances to the Spanish Cortes, and request that this assembly will adopt a just decision, which may secure t o the petitioners the rights whi c h they consider thern=elves entitled to. " As soon as this document reached me I hastened to give it due course, and it has been this very same day laid before the Cortes, who have determined that it be referred to the proper committee, this being the only step they could take for the present, according to the regulations. " With regard to myself, it will afford me the greatest pleasure to see that the affair iu question, the gravity of which I acknowledge, may have a satisfactory solution, and I trust that the Cortes will examine the claims of the English creditors with all the consideration which is due to thorn. " I am extremely obliged to your lordship for the bene volent feelings which you have the goodness to express towards myself, and I avail, &c., (Signed) "FACUNDO INFANTE. " Madrid; 27th March, 1855." The shipments of specie by the Peninsular and Ori ental steamer Tagus amount to 150,8771., of which 23,574/. is gold for Alexandria, Madras, Singapore, and Hong Kong, and 121,3031. silver, for Bombay, Ceylon, Calcutta, Penang, Singapore, Hong Kong, Canton, and Shanghai. Loss OF THE AMERICAN PACKET-SHIP HENDRIK HUD SON.—Advices have been received at Liverpool of the foundering at sea, on the 12th March, of the American packet ship Hendrik Hudson, while on her voyage from New York to London, with the loss of two lives ; the rest of the crew have arrived at Philadelphia. The Vladida of Montenegro has ordered a ten days' mourning, of the deepest ki , d, for the late Czar. Hopes are entertained that Alexander 11. will appreciate this manifestation, and restore the pension of 8,000 zeckins per annum, which Nicholas cut off in 1842, after it had been duly paid for a generation. THE HOP MARKET.—The public sale of hops at tracted a numerous attendance at the Corn Exchange, Mark lane, on Monday, when Me•srs. Rice, Brother+, alluded to the lately discovered fraud, and thanked the public press for their notice of it. The samples offered comprised a large quantity of foreign, principally new Bavarian, the prices for which ranged from 11/. to 13/., and American about 61. in bond. New Kent and Sussex fetched 121. to 141., but for old hops there was little competition. The sale was prejudiced by the noisy in terruptions of the trade, who appear much opposed to the public auctions. CHARITABLE BFIQUESTS.—Miss Heberlen, the b,ne volent lady whose decease at Exeter was announced a few weeks since, has by her will bequeathed the follow ing donations :—Parent Society for the Propagation of Gospel in Foreign parts, 1,000/. ; Parent Society for Employing Additional Curates, 1,000/. ; Governesses' Institution, 1,0001.; Colonial Bi , hops, 1,0007.; Inf Ant Asylum for Orphans, 500/. ; .Exeter Dispen.,arv, 100/. ; Exeter Penitentiary, 100/. ; Exeter Bra- oh of the S - ciety for the Employment of Additional Curates, 1001. ; Devon rind Exeter Institution for the Blind, 100/. ; St. Sidwell's Schools, 50/. ; and St. James's Schools, 50/. ; making a total of 5,0001. SURREY CONSUMERS' GAS COMPANY.—The half-yearly meeting of this company was hell yesterday at the Bridge-house Hotel, Southwark ; Mr. Thomas Pocock in the chair, The directors stated in their report that they had every reason to be satisfied with the position the company has attained, and the evidence afforded of its progressive improvement. The accounts for the half year ending 31st December showed a net profit of 3,9371. ls. 81, from which the directors recommended that a dividend at the rate of 3 per cent. per annum, free of in come tax, upon the capital of the company should be paid, leaving a surplus in hand of 9981. 10s. 11d. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S SECOND SPRING MEET ING.—This society held another meeting yesterday, in the midst of a crowd of beautiful flowers, rich fruits, and fine vegetables. The rooms in Regent-;treat were again transformed into a garden, thronged with fashionable visitors, among whom we remarked his Grace the ArchbishOp of Canterbury, the Bishops of London and \Vinchest•:r, the Marchioness of Hast ings, Lord Sondes, the Right Hon. the Speaker, Sir Philip and Lady Egerton, the Right Hon. T.P. Kennedy, &c. On this occasion azaleas contended with roses, hya cinths with cinerarias (perfect gems, from the royal nursery at Slough) and crowds of orchids, while strange-looking and beautiful plants filled up the spacca between, among which all were struck with the glowing blossoms of a fine collection of begonias, from her Majesty's garden at Frogmoro. PAICE OF GOLD.- —The quotation cf gold at Paris is about at par (according to the last tariff), which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 100. per ounce for stand ard gold, gives an exchange of 25 . 17; and, the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25-10, it follows that gold is about 0 . 23 per cent. dearer in Paris than in Lond,,n. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 423 per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 100. per ounce for standard gold, gives an ex change of 13 . 34 ; and, the exchange at Hamburg on London at short being 13'5, it follows that gold is 0'53 per cent. dearer in London than in Hamburg. The course of exchange at New York on London for bills at 60 days' sight is 110 per cent., and, the par of exchange between England and America being 109 2340 per cent., it follows that the exchange is nominally 0 . 42 per cent. in favour of England ; and, after making allowance for charges of transport and difference of interest, the pre sent rate leaves a profit on the importation of gold from the United States. ETON COLLEGE, March 30.—The eight best candi dates for the Newcastle Scholarship, whose arrangement has been confused in some reports, were thus placed by the examiners : —l. Warner (Scholar) ; 2. Hodgson, K. S. (Medallist) ; 3. Sir George Young (proxinte accessit) ; 4. Kirby ; 's. Chute ; 0. Witt, K.S. ; 7 . Pro thero ; 8. Chinton, K.S. The examiners were the Rev. Rowland Williams, Fellow of King's College, Cam bridge, and Arthur Hobhouse, Esq., of Lincoln's-inn. In announcing the final result, they expressed their satisfaction at finding no sign of degeneracy from the classical accomplishments of Eton, either in Latin verse or in any other part of the work ; but they noticed signs of improvement in respect of range of information and power of exhibiting it methodically. The examiners a'so mentioned, a 3 worthy of some distinction, the names of six other candidates:—Browning, K.S., Buckle, K.S., Hop. A. Herbert, E. Herbert, Sir Hicks-Beach, and JOT , ei. WYLD'S GLOBE.—The model of Sebastopol at Mr. Wyld's Great Globe has lately bad placed upon it all the positions of the allied forces, and visitors can now, by a short trip to Leicester-square, and the payment of one shilling, inspect at their leisure, safe from shells or sur prises, the whole of the fortifications, batteries, and siege works erected, up to the present time, in the Crimea by either English, French, or Russians. The lesson of the model is aided by a lecture, delivered at intervals, and presenting a brief history of the struggle on the Czar's territory, from the landing of our forces down to the date of our correspondent's last letter. Appended to the model is a small museum of various articles found at Alma and Bomarsund ; including swords, muskets, hatchets, lamps, b oo k s, mess utensils, helmets, gauntlets, coats, &c. From the chapel at Bomarsund various ar ticles were taken, and among those here exhibited are a very handsome priest's vest of scarlet and gold, and a quantity of wax tapers, &c. The attendance, both of civilians and military, at the Globe is very numerous. All private soldiers have the privilege of a free admission. THE ORDNANCE FACTORY AT ENFIELD LOCK.—The Government Ordnance Factory for the manufacture of muskets and small arms at Enfield Lock, having been found very inadequate to the extensive supply at present required, is about being increased to a very considerable extent. The new building, when complete, will be sur mounted by a corrugated iron roof of immense space. In consequence of the large number of workmen now employed, and those that will be necessarily required, the Eastern Counties Railway Company have established a new station about a quarter of a mile from the factory, and midway between the Waltham and Ponder's End station, thereby saving the workmen a walk of at least two miles. This new station was opened to the public on Monday last. LATEST NE WS. THE RUSSIAN SORTIE ON MARCH 22 AND 23. 2,000 RUSSIANS KILLED AND WOUNDED. GENERAL CANROBERT'S DESPATCEL PARIS, WEDNBSDAY MORNING. A despatch has been received from General Canrobert, dated March 29, giving an account of a sortie made by the Russians on the night of the 22d and morning of the 23d. He states that the enemy were vigorously driven back, with a loss of no less than 2,000 killed, or wounded. The loss of the Allies was 600. MARSEILLES, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 4. The Simois, which left Constantinople on the 26th, has arrived. Despatches for the Government left at 11 a.m. Ali Pasha left last Thursday for Vienna. The Russians made a sortie on the 23d, and were repulsed. The English lost Colonel Kelly, of the 34th ; Captain Browne, of the 7th ; and Captain Vicars, of the 97th. Two other officers were wounded, and one is missing. The French lost 300 in killed, wounded, and missing. The French set fire to Sebastopol in two quar- ters, on the 23c1, with rockets. VIENNA, WEDNESDAY MORNING. According to the treindeit Blatt the operations of the Allies have begun. It is said that Omar Pasha is advancing On Old Fort from Eupatoria, and that the French are to take the field, while the English defend the plateau, the railway, and Balaklava. There are vague rumours both of defeats and victories sustained and gained by the Allies. [O]d Fort, it will be remembered, is the poin on the coast between Eupatoria and Sebastopol a which the allied forces landed in September last. VIENNA, TUESDAY EVENTNG. A kind of panic prevails here, as it is believed the Conferences have been broken off. They are only suspended until Monday or Tuesday next, when the Russian Ministers will have received their fresh instructions. FRANCE. (FROM QTIR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, TUESDAY EVENING. The following private telegraphic despatches have been received to-day : VIENNA, 2d, evening.—The Conference at its eighth sitting, held to-day, adjourned to after Easter. BERLIN, 3d.—A report which had been current that M. de Manteuffel was about to proceed to Vienna is without foundation. According to the last accounts from St. Petersburg, the Empress Alexandra, widow of the Czar Nicholas, will visit this city in June next. Prince Charles of Prussia has left St. Petersburg for Moscow. MADRID, 2d.—The - majority of the committee appointed to examine the bill on the national guard aro in favour of that measure. The Government has brought in a bill to authorise burial grounds for non-Catholics. The Monitcur contains the following letter of the 31st March, to the Emperor, from the Minister of Foreign Affairs : " &re,— Your Majesty having deigned to decide that your Minister of Foreign Ana's shall proceed to Vienna, to convey to the Conferences the direct expression of your ideas, I have the honour to propose to you to con fide, during the short period of myabsence, the direction of the department of Foreign Afftirs to M. Thouvenel, minister plenipotentiary of the first class, and director of political affairs. Your Majesty will doubtless be of opi nion that the welfare of the service demands that M. Thouvenel should be admitted to receive your orders and to transmit thero. He will be also charged to receive the communications of the foreign diplomatic corps, and to reply to them. As it is possible that the business of the department may necessitate the presentation to your Majesty of decrees or other documents of sovereign au thority, which require to be countersigned by a secretary of state, I beg your Majesty to consent that that part of the functions confided to me may be exercised by the Minister of Justice. lam with respect, Sze. DROUYN DE L'illlTs." This letter is followed by a decree carrying out the suggestions therein contained. The long-expected bill for putting a tax upon horses and carriages in Paris has been presented to the Corps Legislatif. The tax will only affect horses and carriages used for what are commonly styled purposes of pleasure. A letter from before Sebastopol of the 19th ult., in the Semaphore of Marseilles, says : "Our second parallel, close to the Malakhoff Tower, and in general adjoining Vie faubourg of Karalielnaid, was completed two nights baek, our adversaries not being at present more than 250 metres distant from our works. Our batteries are now in place, our ammunition ready, and our troops full of ardour ; but there still re main unfinished some parts of the works connecting our lines to those of the English ; but little, however, is wanting, and our allies, the English, will soon complete all that is required. We tried our guns last night for some time, the fire from the town in return being rather slack. I regret to say that Colonel Vaissier, of the ith light infantry, a young officer of great courage and ability, was shot through the head and died instantaneously. We have had several affairs with the Russians lately, and in every case have had the advantage. Generally, these attacks were in the front or the-neighbourhood of the Malakhoff Tower. The health of the troops continues good ; provisions and stores of all kinds are arriving in abundance ; and every one wishes for the gene ral assault, which, it is thought, must take place in a few days. We have no news of any importance from Eupatoria. Everything is quiet there, with the exception of some occasional skirmishes with the ad vanced posts of the Russians. It appears that the ru mours of Iskender Bey's death were erroneous. The last accounts state that he is recovering from his wounds. We learn from Kamiesh that the aqueduct at that plate is now completely finished. It is 563 metres in length . The pipes are of oast iron ; they formerly conveyed water as far as Sebastopol, and have been dug up from their former position by the sailors. Two pumps raise the water from a spring which furnishes it to a platform, whence it runs through the pipes as far as the sea side in sixteen minutes. One of these pumps, which belonged to the Henri IV., readily furnishes 10 tons of water an hour, and the two together 15 tons. This aqueduct is of the greatest advantage to the fleet, and has been constructed without any extra ex pense, and solely by the industry of the French seamen. The merchant shipping will also benefit by it. A cer tain number of officers and men have been appointed as superintendents and guardians of this valuable work, and Admiral Bruat has published an order of the day ex pressing his satisfaction at the zeal and energy displayed in its construction." BOURSE, AP :tIL 3.—CLOSINc3 PRICES. Cash. fr. c. End of Month: 4 per Cents 9l 51 94f. 50c. 3 per Cents 69 80 69f. 90c. Credit Mobilier Bl5 Roman Credit Fonder 540 Austrian Belgian Fives Piedmontese Spanish Throes Home Debt RAILWAYS-lOR CASH, fr. c. fr. c. Orleans - Lyons , ... 1065 L. Western 667 5!) Rouen (Jett° Ble , literrauean 995 Havre 570 Northern - TURKEY. A letter from Constantinople of the 22d, in, the Courrier de Marseille, says : " Considerable sensation continued to lie produced here by the anticipated arrival of the Emperor and Em press of the French. Every preparation is being male to give them a magnificent reception. As some of the details of the ceremonial which is to follow the arrival of their Majesties, should they think to visit us, are in discord with old Mussultnan usages, and with the reli gious precepts o f t h e Koran, such for instance as the Sultan showing hims e lf in public ? giving his arm .to. a lady, and particularly to a Christian, his Ma jesty submitted the question to his Council of Mi nisters, and the latter, after due deliberation, have regulated the ceremonial as follow:; :—The Grand Vizir, Reschid Pacha, will go to th e D ar d anelles and the re awa it t h e arrival of Emperor and Empress. The Sultan will embark on beard a Turkish steam-fri gate and go and meet their Majesties at Gallipoli. On arriving there, their Majesties will land on the quay of the Palace of Balta Lima, which has been selected fur their residence. The Sultan will give his arm 'to the Empress and lead her as far as the door of the apart ment appropriated to the ladies, which in the Turkish language bears the name of thelfamerlik, There he will present her to the first Sultana (there are seven Sultanas who take rank according to the order of birth of the child ren they have born to the Sovereign). The first Sultana will have her face uncovered ; will be very richly dressed for the occasion ; and will be attended by all her ladies in full dress, as well as by four young ladies chosen from amongst the first Armenian families, and who speak French and Turkish. These latter will-re main at the disposal of the Empress as ladies of honour and interpreters. The Quay, as far as the staircases, will be covered with rich carpets. The Sultan will then repair with the Emperor Napoleon into another apart ment, where all the great bodies and dignitaries of no State will be presented. The Turkish, French, and English troops will be drawn up on either side of the passage of the Imperial cortege, and salvoes of artillery will be fired from the batteries and by the vessels in the roadstead. Magnificent presents in diamonds and bril liants have been prepared fur the Empress, and also a lady's saddle ornamented with precious stones. The Empress will, it is said, remain here while the Emperor, and probably the Sultan, proceed to Sebastopol." RUSSIA. According to letters from St. Petersburg, the entire corps of Dragoons is now in or near the theatre of war. This body of troops, together with a division of light horse and various detachments of horse artillery, amounting in all to 18,000 men, is placed under the command of Lieut.-Genera! Pautoff. The immediate destination and task of the force is understood to be the defence of Pere kop. The Russians are now surrounding Odessa with a continuous line of ramparts, to which they are adding five forts, three of which are in close connection with the earthworks. AUSTRIA. THE VIENNA CONFERENCES. VIENNA, March 31.—The Conference held yes terday lasted but two hours, and there will b e no sitting until Monday. These two facts are of importance, as they indirectly prove that a very great diversity of opinion prevails on the ques tion of the abolition of the supremacy of Russia in the Black Sea. Until now the information which you have received from me respecting the Conferences has been exact, but to-day tha in telligence which has been acquired is contradic tory. It is a matter of doubt whether the Con ference will on Monday proceed with the third point, or leave it in abeyance, and enter into the fourth. One person assures me that the French and British Ministers will insist on the settlement of the Black Sea question before they discuss that which bears reference to the spiritual protectorate claimed by Russia, while another as positively asserts the very reverse. Under such circumstances there is nothing to be done but to take the common sense view of things, and to suppose that the Re presentatives of the allied Governments must agree in thinking that it would be mere loss of time to touch on the fourth point until its all-important predecessor has been "satisfactorily disposed of. The Archduchess Maria Dorothea died yester day, at 4 o'clock in the morning. PRUSSIA. A letter from Berlin of the 31st ult., In the Constitutionnel, says : "The accounts from Vienna to-day are not very fa vourable to peace. Doubts begin to be entertained of the possihility of coming t,) an under4anding, since it has been known that little disposition is manifested at St. Petersburg to make concessions. The most exten sive armaments are going on here quietly, in order to be ready for any event. The reports from the ambas sador at Paris do not testify very good feelings towards Prussia on the part of France. The hereditary Princess of Saxe Meiningen, daughter of Prince Albert of Prussia, and niece of the king, diei last evening in a very sudden and unexpected manner. The king was very much at tached to her, and her death has producer! great aflction at the court. A new Austrian circular- despatch has been received to-day in reply to the Prussian cir cular of the 16th of March. It is said to be couched in language quite as sharp as that of the Prussian despatch itself. The counter proposition which was submitted to the Conference of Vienna by the Russian plenipoten tiaries on the third proposition, was previoudy commu nicated to the cabinet of Berlin, which approved of it." The Hamburg Correspondent states from Berlin that the negotiations now pending between Prussia and Austria do not relate to the question of mo bilisation, as had beers erroneously supposed, but are of the same nature as those which Prussia is pursuing at Paris and London, viz., to de&cle on the form under which Prussia is to accede to the treaty of December 28. SWEDEN. A letter from Stockholm states that the Russian Admiral, Count Von der Heyd e n h a d arr i ve d i n that city, and notified to the King of Sweden the death of the Emperor Nicholas ; also, that. M. Daschkoff, the Russian Minister, 'had presented new credentials, which accredited him as ,Ministei of the Emperor Alexander. The letter likewise states that the King had ordered that a battalion of bombardiers and two battalions of gunners, be- longing to the divisions of the flotilla which were disarmed at the beginning of the winter, should be called into active service. It remarks, that this is the only warlike measure which has been adopted during the present year ; and that it forms d strik ing contrast with the extraordinary activity in making military and naval preparations which was displayed about this period last year. .A letter of the.sth ult. from Seragevo (better known by the name of Bosna-Serai), in the Afoni teur, says :—" Kourchid Pacha returned two clays ago from his expedition to Novi-Bazar, in the south of Bosnia, and in the districts of Bihor. and Ter gova. Those turbulent districts have been restored to order. Kourchid Pacha took advantage of the salutary impression produced by his presence to organise a. local administration ; and has appointed a council, containing at least two Christians in every district. Father Mariano Sunitch, ex-pro vincial of the order of Franciscans of Bosnia, has been named by the Holy See bishop of that pro vince." A letter from Smyrna, of the 24th, says : "Suleyman Paella, the new Gloyernor-General and formerly Turkish Ambassador at Paris, arrived here on the 15th. In his speech to the members of the Medglis (municipal council), he declared that he was most anxious to see the 'protection of the laws equal for all, and the people treated with equity and kindness." The convention between the *Governments of France and Holland for the reciprocal protection of literary property was signed at the Hague on the 29th ult., by Baron d'Andre, the French Minister Plenipotentiary, s and M. Van Hall, the Dutch Mi nister of Foreign Affairs. A letter of the 24th ult. from Rome, in the Piemonte of Turin, states that the Bank of Rome is in so precarious a condition that it is preparing to wind up its affairs. It is to be succeeded by another bank, to be established by Prince Torlonia and Messrs. de Rothschild. The King of Hanover has conferred the Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Guelphs upon General de Budberg, Adjutant-General of- the Emperor of Russia. WHAT ARE PUBLIC SERVANTS DISMISSED FOR? Sir Charles Napier, on his return from the Baltic, was ordezed to strike his fl ig and come ashore with less of courtesy than h real gentleman would have expended on the dismissal of a cabman. Yet at the Seamen's Hospital dinner Lord Palmerston and Adrnii:al Berkeley could scarcely find words strong enough to express their admi ration of Sir Charles, and their approbation of his con duct in the Baltic. Lord Lucan was recalled from the Crimea ; but the posse comitatus of Ministers join in a chorus of eulogiums on Lord Lucan—he is faultless in their eyes. Mr. Kennedy . was dismissed from the Woods and Forests ; but a minute is entered on the re cords of the Treasury praising Mr. Kennedy to the skies. The only inference one can draw from these, and many similar instances, is, that men are turned out of their offices because they have deserved well of their country. It would seem to follow, that for a man to be left in office is tantamount to a declaration that he is inca pable or untrustworthy. If this be the case, no one can doubt the validity of the titles by which a majority of our existing officials hold their appointments.—Daily News. THE REPORTED DEATH OF DR. BARTH.—The following iq an extract of a letter from Malta, dated the 26th of Marcia • —" A highly interesting letter from Colonel Herman, her Majesty's Consul at Tripoli, has reached the island, dated March 13. It says—`You will, lam confident, be delighted to hear that the rumour of Dr. Barth's death was unfounded. A letter from him, dated Kana, 15th Nov. last, reached me yesterday. Hef then calculated on arriving at Moorzouk within three months, but which, as he purposed moving by th e c i rc uit ous route of Kooka, he never would accomplish. The rumour of his death was fabricated by the ex-ruler of Bornou for the purpose of possessing - himself of a depot of suppliesl that had been formed at Zejban against the doctor's re- turn, and in which he succeeded. The overthrow of this man was most fortunate , otherwise the fabricated r e p ort might have been converted into a stern 4 reality," _ IS PEACE POSSIBLE WITHOUT TAE .EAZING OP SEBA.STOPOLI (From the Journal des Debuts.) It is now for nearly 40 years that we have been de' fending the maintenance of the peace of Europe, because we believe that peace is the surest guarantee of civil* tion. This pacific policy is a tradition we have received from oar predecessors. . . Not that we have senseless antipathy for all war, whatever it be; not that we are not the grateful admirers of the great militsrl and political services which the army has rendered ta our country for more than 25 years. We believe that the war of Spain; in 1823, l contributed to the honour and ascendancy of France in Europe ; we are pleased with the liberating intervention of France in Greece ; We like the war of Algiers in 1830, the siege o f Ant werp in 1831, the occupation of Ancena, the conquest of Northern Africa, from 1810 to 1848, the expedition of Rome in 1849. Neither have we hesitated to believe that it was necessary to risk a war to arrest the encroach' ments of Russia upon Turkey, and to ['reserve the We' pendence of the Ea-t. . . We are not then partisans of peace at any price ; but we believe that war should have an object, and that as soon as that is attained, heirl fectly even (for all human undertakings can have n""e, but imperfect objects), th a t i t s h ould be eagerly laid bol d of and secured by an intelligent peace ; a peace not feeble and poet erless, but a peace protected by a fleet , and by an army always in readiness to march. With this doctrine. no one can be' astonished that we have welcomed with joy the hopes of peace which arrive from Vienna lt is in this spirit that W 0 wish to examine what are the advantages and the conveniency of peace . . • . We prefer, we do not hesitate to say, peace without, than war with, the capture of Sebastopol. We know well that there arc persons who, arranging affairs as it shall please them; ray—Why not take Sebastopol ? we shall make peace afterwards. Such persons suppose that peace is in Se" bastopol ; but who has told them Oath was not, on the contrary, war that we should find there, and a war longer and more destructive than that we have seen for the last six months. The question is not for us to lino!' whether we shall take Sebastopol ; we doubt not the bravery of our army any more than of its victories. question for us is to know whether we wish peace or War* If peace, why take Sebast o p o l at the price of great sacra ' flees ? eere is the good of buying with the blood of We know not how many thousand soldiers a place which must be surrendered when once p eace is signed ?Ah', If a re-arrangement of the map of Europe is desired, if it is wished to take away from R uss i a h er coasts and h e r acquisitions of the Black Sea, then the capture of Selleil topol is indispensable, at whatever cost, and not to stop there. Cronstadt also must be taken ; Russia must be re-made into purely a continental power without access to the Baltic and the Baltic Sea, 'or, perhaps, even to the Caspian ; at the most Archangel may be left to her; the Grand Duchy of Muscovy must lastly be remade, and the work of Peter the Great and of a century and half unmade. We do not say that this policy may not have its grandeur, but assuredly it is -not without its difficulties, and if we set .ourselves to the work it will he, for our descendants atone to finish it. . , We bac', otherwise grounds for believing in th e rea l weakness 0 ' Russia, after the ill-suecess of her campaign b e yond the Danube. Having seen her impuiseancefor the offensive, vie • came to the conclusion that she would be feeble also on` the defensive. Events have deceived our expectations. • - But Russia will not remain quiet within her own limits, and she will atta c k h er ne i gh b ours. Y ee , and it is or that France and England have very legit'' mately mode war upon her ; and we do not hesitate to say that, if the Western _Powers believe themselve no' able to protect the independence of the East aed its future otherwise than by war, war they must wage, and urge it to the last extremity. France and England cat' not sign a peace which some day should deliver Constar' tinople to Russia. Yes, we repeat, if it is believed that there are no guarantees of sufficient force in diplomatic stipulations and military conventions to secure the lac' pendence of the East, the war should be continued , . that is to say, Sebastopol should be taken. When in August last the Western Powers proclaimed the four fundame tat conditions of the future peace, they conceived that mese conditions sufficed for guariar teeing the independence of the East. To our mind the,' were right, for with the Principalities enfranchised from. the domination of the Russian Consul at Bucharest , with the freedom of the Danube, and above all with the 80-phores and the Black Sea open to the military marlil of the West, and the protectorate of the Christians 0 ' the East exercised in common by the Christian powers , the preponderance of Russia is destroyed. In accept' ing the four conditions Russia does not fall back upon the treaties of Bucharest or'even of Adrianople ; neither does she return upon the treaty - of Vienna, and that is wbi the four conditions may he accepted by her without die honour; but she withdraws from all the advancement s and all the encroachments which h er am bi t i on dream e d of in the East ; she retreats fro m a ll t h e sprimg-forwar ' , policy initiated by the embassy of Prince Meeschikoff ; and there is the cause why the four condition's acceptable. for her are excellent for us. But Russia, they say, is not sincere ; such was the b e li e f b e f ore the death of the Emperor Nicholas ; but since his death the belief or pears no longer to be the same. . . Th e y oun g Czar inspires less distrust. His youth and his new ness, without speaking of other causes of confider:ce, ! ar e re'i assuring for his sincerity, ai,d Au tria, Prussit, and England appear to believe that he desires peace sip'. cerely. The French Government enters into 10 4 idea, and we are. glad of it. The death of a powerful adversary may be counted for something in its appeasing influence upon a quarrel. The European public seemed to believe that the Emperor Nichelas was the cause of the mar, and that he carried the war with hill' into his tenth. This idea should weigh much in the de; liberations of Vienna. What power, in eff e ct, would take the place of the Emperor Nicho'as in the prejudice s and discontents of the European public, and pass ft?! the author or the prolonger of the war ? Assuredly will not be France, for she has not, nor can she hav e ' i n th e ear of the East, any thought of territorial er maritime aggrandisement ; she has no more than c f Eutopean interest in it—that o f t h e independence ce the East. Beyond that she is the most disinteresle7 of the Powers engaged in the s t ruggle, and she it i s at the same time that has taken th e l argest share in Or contest ! Shall it be pretended by chance that it 0 that alone which should engage the Government to CO'I tinue the war even to the capture of Sebastopol, that to say, to render the war illimitable and eternal ? reasoning wonld be strange . . . Shall it be said tbni military honour i m p oses upon us the obligation cci taking Sebastopol, that we are on the ground, ay ought to remain th ere ? Thi s i s to confound fila i, 4-propos the duel and war. Our honour • is, than God, protected by the victories we have achieved . • and history will not forget, whatever the treat , ' that shall intervene, the days of Alma and Inhe l man. v I know well the Engli s h j ournals say t hat England having- made war badly oug ht to continue i t se , take her revenge. I believe those journals deceive Oil: selves on this point even with re sp ec t to &glen they would deceive themselves more in the applicatit l a of this reasoning to France. . Let 'us not confonri military honour and obstinacy. Su c h th erefore is the last phase of this question which presents itself, peace , if the Congress of Vienna concludes it i n t h e eircleni in the terms of the four guarant ees l aid down for more than six monthp, would it be a safe and honour" able peace? It will be an ,honourable and safe pea ce ; if we desire to measure it well, not by the illusion a of the first days of war, and the triumphant an false news hailed by public rejoicing, tages but by the adval r retre ti obtained by Rh Western Alliance, an d by t i ll ,ng steps of ussia. . . Lastly, the peace not only be honourable, but sure, if, ad in making Pea; the Western Alli ance continues not withstanding, to watt,e,o c over the internal s t a t e o f Turkey, and if it can alortlJ provide that its fleet and so ld iers shall be enabled it arrive there bef ore the fleet and soldi ers o f Russia; gel realises, lastly, the liberty of the Black Sea by the 00 ,,' ; struction on Its shore s o f m ili tary and maritime establisP ; meas. To leave the East to itself would be to delivt i it sooner or later to R uss i a, an d the intervention of 18vt should have for its inevitable consequence the penman° assistance of the West in the East. THE RECIPROCITY TREATY. On the 17th ult. the President of th e U n ite d States promulgated the following "A PROCLABIATION. — Whereas, by an ac t o f the Win/ gress of the United States, approved the sth daY August, 1854, entitled An Act to carry into effe - e - treaty between the United States and Great Britain; signed on the sth day of June, 1854,' it is provided the • whenever the President of the United States shall r e ; ceive satisfactory evidence that the Imperial Parlianie e f of Great Britain and the Provincial Parliaments 0 Canada, New B r unswick, N ova S cot i a, and p r ince Edward's Island, have passed l aws on t h e i r part to g rie 4 full effect to the provisions of the said treaty, be authorised to issue his proclamation that he has such ev dences. And whereas, satisfactory information has be e t received by me that the Imperial Parliament of Csr e3 ,. Britain and the Provincial P ar li aments of Canada, .., Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward's Isla 0 : 0 have passed laws o n th e i r part to g i ve full. effect the, provisions of the treaty aforesaid. Now, tber e j fore, I, Frankli n Pi erce , P res id ent of the Unite t States of Ameri ca , d o h ere b y d ec l are an d proclaim tbei: from this date, the following articles, being th e g roW', and produce of th e sa id provinces of Canad a , N ew Brto 3 : o ' wick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward's I s land, "f wit, grain, flour, and breadstuffs of all kinds animals all kinds, fresh, smoked, and s a lt e d meats, cottonwee„f seeds and vegetables, undried f ru it s, dried " r fruits, fish • all kinds, products of fish and all other creatures liviei; is the water, poultry,, e ggs , hide s, furs, skins, or 'Wlt undressed, stone or marbl e i n i ts crude or unwron g state, slate, butter, cheese, tallow, lard, horny, manure' ores of metals of all kinds, coal, pitch, tar, turpenti ne ] ashes, timber and lumber of all kinds, round, hewed n e d sawed, unmanuf ac t ure d i n whole or in part, fire-w°°°/ plants, shrub' and trees, pelts, wood, fish oil, rice, brooto corn and bark, gypsum, ground or unground, hewn ° I wrought or unwrought hurror grindstones, dyestuffs,.l-4 ,;;, hemp and to w , unmanu f acture d, unmanufactured g bacco, rags—shall be introduced into the Unit e d Sta te ir , t o free of d u t y, so long as the sa i d treaty shall remain force, subject, however, to be susp en d e d i n relation to the trad e w i t h C ana d a , on con di t i on mentioned in,hres fourth article Of the said treaty ; a n d th a t a ll the erbo provisions of the said treaty shalbgo into effect and observed on the part of the United States. on , "Given under my hand, at th e c ity o f Waibing a to, the 16th day of March, in the y ear o f our Lord I%b, and of the independence of the U n it e d St a t es t h e 7! "FRANKLIN Puma:, Oy the Frosident.-Ar. L, Marcy Soctesary . pf 8 010!' to Q are 9. 1 1 c Cet ist o can Der (lit t 1)a Der ditt 3p 1, 111 Con In" nut Al ten