The Sun. — London, England, 1820-04-08 00:00:00

k'Olt THE SUN. EQUALITY—No.II. AIR. EDITOR--I have Undertaken to chew in my Essays on this subject, the danger . , to the ho nour and credit of the British Nation, of increas iog democracy ; hot I may go still further and declare that the equalizing system which some propose as a substitute for a justly balanced Alia tocricy, is altogether at vatiance with the ex ample ot past ages, and with the press tit condi tion of utue-tenths of the human rare in the ci vilized parts of the terrestrial Globe. This consi deration is not, however, of itself an argument against the claims of the Refornters, for man should be guided by what ought to be, rather than by what really ig, and precedent is never quot e d by the truly s man but as an illus tration ot hit might he, rathrr than as a conclu sive demonstration of actual experience. It may, neveitheless, be as well to remind those who cla mour for Reform and Equality in this Country, that the English. Nation, notwithstanding certain m i ptarances of aristocratical pride is, when coin pared ,rith wher Kingdoms, comparatively de mocratic. Ihe very aristocratical pride, ton, of sehiclr. Democrats complain, springs, let it be re ti t from the great spirit of equality which enables men ot mean intellects, but with large for ittne!,, acqnired by industry, to enter the ranks of the old Nobility, and sit those who have honour ably earned their titles by splendid talents and long • tried loyalty. Generally speaking, the Aria tociatic Nobl e man is a mats of fine teeliogs and extcrisiee opacity, and cons(cittently incapable of that foolish assumption of splendour and over beating haughtinesq, which create envy and insult burnility. It, therefore, there he any thing in the upper ranks which truly deserves censure, it will be found to have hail its origin in Democratic rather than Aristocratic influence. The People ut Euglatid are as free and as equal as they can properly be for their mutual comfort ; but the demonstration of this fact most be made in all• o• tier Essay. 1. will endeavour now, by placing before them the actual state of the Sovereigns, the Nobility, and the • Pe-ople of other liingdonas and Empires, to excite a feeling of satisfaction at the little sitnilitude that exists between their sate and that of hundreds of millions of their frllow•createres, and as I proceed in my subject, I may be able to sbew also that in Republics, where Atistoeracy does not exist in name, there are tyranny and despotism, tottitoed upon and to mei), ed by a Democracy, which is more baneful to society than the most pure and unbalanc ed Aristocracy of the most despotic Covet-n -u), s. All rho know any thing of the sloe of society in this country, know the degrees of distance which gradually lead the lowest suliject to the taeoee and distinction of the :..soveteign. There have been instances in every country, of caprice and pi epossessmns in the Ruler which have raised the humblest to diStiection ; but it is only in England that merit is the - sure rortho dis , inction, and that, by the fondameival priucinles of the Constitution, virtue and talents, unless retarded by some enpropitious circumstances over which the Constitution has nocontroul,aresure to lead to place and power. The Judicial Bench, t beChurch, the Court, at this moment present maw/ iesiNnees of elevation of persons who were ,once ranked amongst what are vulgatiy called the tome; classes. In other countries, the s e men, from their titles aid places, would have the privilege of exacting the most servile hoinage from the tuuliitude. Here, however, they, the Nobility ih common. and the King himself, can exact no homage which is re 'regnant to the most sensible mied, or at variance with the just spirit of equality which may be sup posed to exist in a tree Government. lit China, which is sometimes spoken of as the hied of wis dom, the Emperor is styled, by his subjects, the Son of Heaven, the Holy Emperor, and the Grand Governor of the World; not even his first Minis ter or his nearest relation must presume to ap proach hint without tailing on his knees, and his other subjects always prostrate.themeelves before the throne, even if he be not sitting there ; and if they see either his girdle or his robes, they must also fall prostrate. The Nobles, also, exact the most profound homage. When a Mandarin of inferior rank meets his superior, he makes a most profound reverence, and if an individual meets a person of rank, he crosses his hands, raises them up, and then lowers them almost to the ground, at the,same time crying with the greatest humility, Happiness !" The King of Corea, who is a mere vassal to the Emperor of China, requires al most as much reverence as his superior. If any one happens to be in the way when he is passing, he must instantly turn aside, and not presume to look at his Majesty ; and the people all shut their doors and windows ; and should any one be discovered peeping, be would receive the bastina do. He is Lord ef all the lands in the kingdom, and no private subject can have the least pro perty. lit Persia, which is so absolute Monarchy, the lives and properties of the people are at the dis posal of the Sovereign. The Prime Minister's chief business is to flatter his master, and to ad• minister to all his caprices, and, above all, to keep from his knowledge the distremsts of the country; tile Nobility are therefore permitted to exercise the most unbounded tyranny over the people, with whom complaint would be the immediate signal for destruction. In the diffurent States of Turkey, despotism stud oppression ate the distinguishing features of political and religious government ; but it is in Mtnlostan that these dreadful scourge's are seen in the full perfection of their growth, whilst nature withers under their pestilential influence. The hves and fortunes of the people arc at the dis posal of the Sovereign ; the oppressed subject has no law t.) protect hint, the faculties of the soul are destroyed, a:“: despotism debases or evety scrtimcnr, 'The subject is nut mas ter of his ovit field, the lauds and their produce belong to the t. , :overrign. Eves y artist who has so imhdppy as to beitay his talents, byes in circdti of being trok.d to serve ,ouie powerful Cour tier ; the people ate forced to conceal their money ; 11 tlrr eaftl), to secure it from the tyrithiliC 112 D:: We received this morning the Paris Papers of Wednesday last. The Chamber of Deputies on 'Tuesday were c;cupied a considerable time with a Report from the Committee of Petitions. The only Petition worthy of remark is one from an praying the abrogation of the Saligue Law, upon which, however, the Cham ber, in conformity with the repommetadation of the Committee, palled to the Order of the Ddy, and not a word was said upon it. The Chamber afterwards proceeded to the dintlB3ioll Of the Projet respecting the Financial Accounts, upon which an adjoinnment took place till Wednesday. The Gazette de France contains the following article respecting Spain : " MADRID, MARCH 27. Extract of a Private Letter. " We t are far from enjoying tranquillity i n Spaiu. The excesses which have been committed have on several points been renewed, and the minds of men are plunged into a mournful dis quietude. " Several men of property have put themselves at the bead of the revolutionary movement in the hope of riding it ; will they succeed, distrust awaits them, the storm every where threatens ***a* ) '• The day before yesterday the Revolution be gan to work; a decree of the Junta has nronounced the confiscation of all the property of tht Inqui sition; it is the prelude to a spoliation much more considerable, as regarding the first classes of the State, and of which the plan, it is said, is already determined upon. " A Club of Liberals (Jacobins) has been openly established at Madrid ; it exercises its influence over the Provisional Junta it is an exact imita tion of your Breton Club, of 1759. Several Mem bers of the Junta receive their instructions at the Club. " Terror is general ; the Liberty of the Press is the exclusive property of a party ; misfortune to him who uses it to publish reflexions on what is passing. Revolution or death ; such is Cie Tole. ration which is the order of the day * * We are not without feats for ihe lives of the most august Personages." ['lite blanks in the above are the same as in the French Journal.] GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY of the 25th :Ifarl. " By a Dispatch received yest el day evening float the King has had the satisitetion of learning that the 0:111i to the Coustitrtion WAS talieu ou the 20Ih b; , the Garrison " A Dispatch from General O'Donoju, dated the 23d, states, that there would be little difficulty in restoring the discipline of the troops. " The Cortes is to be assembled the 9th July ; it is to con sist of 149 Members for the Peninsula, exclusive of those for America, for whom will be substituted for the present thirty Deputies taken from among the Americans now in Spain. " The King, in conformity with the Constitution, has taken the title of King of the Spains. " PARIS, APRIL s.—The King confines himself to his apart ments. Ells Majesty received yesterday the Ambassadors and Foreign Ministers, and transacted business with the Duke de Richelieu. We are assured that the responsible Editors of the Cen sear, the Constilutionnel, the hulependant, the Courier, and the Rcnontmnee,• have been summoned to appear before the Juge d'lnstruction, to account for the publication, in -these Journals, of the establishment of a pretended Committee of Assurance in favour of the victims of arbitrary in3pri sormaent.—(Journal de Paris.) FIVE PER CENTS. Tuesday DEFERRED STOCK ' Of the 9.2 d March 1820, BB f. —c." The accounts in the French Papers, received this day, are of a threatening aspect respecting the state of Spain. We forebode the worst, and shall not be snrprized at the reading of such a dreadful tragedy as that of the French Revolu tion, in that Country. If once a Jacobin Club, as is reported to be the case, should be established in Madrid, its affiliated So cieties will doubtless be extended over the king dom, then the work of plunder will begin., then will all Nobility be destroyed, and then a similar fate may be soon after expected to attend the Mo narchy. LLOYDS', MARCH B.—We lately mentioned an Expedition having been fitted out at Bombay, consisting of several merchant vessels, manned and armed, to cruize against the Pirates in the Persian Gulp!, who had assumed a most for• midable appearance, attacking and plunder ing all vessels that they fell in with.--We have this morning received further advices from Bombay, to the beginning of November, which state, that on the 31st of October another Expedition, consisting of the Ann, THATCHER, Jamaica, DAUBY j Hannah, HEATHORN, and the Orpheus, MILNES, sailed with troops destined for the Gulph of Persia ; and it was confidently anti cipated, that ere long those Seas would be per fectly clear of these daring marauders. of power; and at the command of the Sovereign the most virtuous and eminent of his subjects may he put to death, and their possessions taken from t heir families. When Ibe tyrant appears in public, he sits upon a throne of pure gold, glittering with precious stone 3, and the people all fall prostrate before him. lo Cochin-China, the King is as despotic as the Emperor of . iiindostan, and the Nobles equally erne!. No person permitted to approach nearer to the Soverei g n than al the distance of eighty paces, and the lives and fortunes of the people depend upon the Courtiers in favour with the Aionarch. The Japanese are also an enslaved and eppres• led people. The Emperor is cruelly despotic, and the Court, which is numerous, is equally ar. hit►ary. Every petty Lord has a power over the lives of his vassals and relations. The smallest crimes are frequently punished , ►•ith death; and the mildest sentence is banishment to a dreary and almost barren island, surrounded by rocks, and destitute of every comfort of existence. It I had not already trespassed beyond the limits which the interesting communications of other Correspondents can fairly allow to me, I would now extend my remarks upon the Government and condition of distant Countries. In my next I will do this, and then proceed to consider those of the Nat ions of the European Continent. I ant, Sir, Your very obedient Servant, G. M. THEATRICAL REGISTER. Perforated Last Niseht. THE.A 101 ROYAL, DauRY-LANE.—Haailet : Hatulet, Mr. 1 - iion6ilO, Who performed the Character in consequence of the Indisposition of the Gentlemen who sustained it on Thursday evening; Ophelia, Miss Kelly. After which, Of Ace To-morrow. TuEATHE Ror.st., .2nvENT-GA RDEN.—The Comedy of Errors: Druniio of Ephesus, Mr. W. Farrell: Adriana, Miss Ste phens. After which, The ManaKer in Distress; to which was added, Harlequin and Cinderella. TO CORRE.SPONDENTg. An ELECTOR of WESTMINSTER, on the MIDDLESEX ELECTION, on Monday. PRICE. CY THIS JAY AT 1' $ per Ceut. Red. 3 per Cent. Cons. (NI I (4) Si per Cent. 4 per Cents Batik Long Ann. 13-16ths F STOCKS wctwE n CLUCK. I 5 per Ct. Navy Ann. 1044 105 India Bonds 18s. 20s. pr. lExch. Bills, 2d. ....3s. 4s. pr. Ditto Commercial 2s. 3s. dir. I Cons. for Account 68/1 AIitIEVED. , -I Dublin, I Waterford, I France. DUE —I Gutietiburgii, I Fluinburgh. HIGH WATER. A'l' LONDON BRIDGE TO.MORRO\V. Morning, 9 minutes after I. I Evening, 42 minutes after 11 TUE SUN. SOLENI LUIS DICERE FALSUM A (MEAT ? LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 8, is2o. of Cadiz, and on the 2lst by the Second Division of the Ai sny the First Dirison also took the oath en the et at. " On the 20th, at 9 A.M. Generals the Count de Calderon, Don Stanislaus Salvador, and Don Blaise Fournas, preiented themselves at the head-quarters at Port Saint Mary. " The same day the General in Chief of the Army; Dun Manuel Freyre, determined that the Marechal de Camp, Don Francis Ferias, and the Brigadier, Don Manuel Jan regny, should proceed to Cadiz, the former to relieve the Marechal de Camp Don Joseph Ignatius Campana, and the latter, the Brigadier Don Alonzo Rodriguez Valdes. " The Gazette Extraordinary of the 27th contains a dis patch from General Freyre, dated the 21st, addressed to the Minister of War, from Port Saint Mary, in which he an nounces that Generals Campana, and, Rodriguez Valdes, who had been replaced at Cadiz, were to present them selves at his bead-quarters, at Port Saint Mary, where they were to remain. Ile adds, that besides the General Officers before mentioned, the Brigadiers Don Antony Gas pard Blanco, Don Francis Hano, and othe r Officers had also arrived. The dispatch terminates thus .—' I have this day given a pastport to Lieutenant-Colonel Don Facundo In fantes, to proceed to Madrid, to present himself to his Ma jesty, and to make divers communications from Colonel Quiroga. I have granted it at the request of Col. Don Felipe de Arco Aguero, who came to me this morning upon the sub- ject.' DISTURBANCES IN SCOTLAND• PRIVATE LETTER FROM GLASGOW, DATED APRIL 5. " Soon after writing you from home yesterday, in consequence of an attempt on the part of the crowd to rescue a person who had been appre hended in the act of taking down the LORD LIEUTENANT'S Proclamation, the party of Ve terans who had him in custody, after warning the crowd of the danger, and at length find- ing themselves in danger. of being overpowered, fired two shots over their beads ; but this, instead of intimidating the crowd, had a con trary effect, so that the party was obliged to fire in the midst of them, and one woman fell, being shot through the neck, dote by the wind pipe; the wound has not yet proved mortal, but it is nut expected she can live ; as soon as she fell, the crowd fled in all directions, crying to the Cor poral who bad the command of the party, 'Cor poral don't fire again.' " My writing to you just now, is in consequence of my having just been informed that an engage• mont has actually taken place this morning at liilsytb, between the King's troops and the Ra dicals the result of which is, that several arc wounded on hot I► sides. The Radicals were rout( d and dispersed ; leaving in the hands of the Hussars 19 prisoners, ,eho immediaiely sent them to :;tirlu►g Castle. I have just time to add, before the pot goes, that 11 of the Committee of Manage ment, or the Y.•ovisional Governors, have been this morning apprehended here, and lodged in frost ibis will soon come to an end. " P. S. l'he parties engaged were, 9 of the Ilus:.ars, 9 of the '.l'eaniBiLry, and about 50 to 60 Radicals. The skirmish took place upon the Carron, near Denny, %bleb is si tuated about half-way between Killyth and FM. kirk." It is with . much pleasure we hav to state that our revival of the accounts which we gave in September last of what preceded the Meeting at Manchester on the 16th of August, as to the ap pearance and conduct of the Radical Reformers on their march to that town on the same (lay, has af forded satisfaction to our Readers, and we have reason to believe that it has been well received by the Public at large.—The daily falsehoods of the Morning Chronicle and the Old Times on this subject demanded some check, as they poured the most offensive calumnies on the Magistrates and the Military, who acted with vigour, but with no want of humanity on the occasion, and who therefore justly received the approbation of Go vernment and of the Sovereign of the Country.— They were well entitled to those high masks of approbation, for if the Rebels end their Leaders had been triumphant, there is no saying hone far the evil might have extended ; but it is highly probable that it would . have stimulated other bad men in various quarters, and if they bad not overthrown the Government, they might, at least, have caused universal consternation. We, can add this day with truth, that we have again been assured, by an unimpeachable eye-witness, that our accounts are marked by the Utmost fide.• lit y, except that the formidable appearance of those wretches excited more terror in the town and the vicinity than had been before stated. We shall not repeat the accounts in question any more than tl►is day (see first page) ; but we heartily hope that they will be copied into every loyal Journal throughout the British Empire, in order to re fute the misrepresentations, we should rather say, to expose the malignant fabrications, of those London Papers which are a disgrace to the Press and to their Country.—Our Correspondent cog chides with saying, that the mistatements in the Old Times were so gross, and its calumnies so in decent, that it ought to have been burnt by the common hangman. For our part, we see no rea son why the Morning Chronicle should not parti• cipate in the same ignominious celebrity. We extract the following from Galignani'sMcs. senger of 'Tuesday, April 4 : " - We have official' intelligence froni Madrid up to the 2541 ult. by which we are sorry to perceive that the official reports of the Authorities of Andalusia confirm the disastrous dis-. turbaners which we have already announced as haring take* place at Cadiz. " It also appears, that the Army of Quiroga wilt not lay down its arms until the Cortes are assembled. The rest a Spain is, however, tranquil, and the Constitutional system is developing itself throughout the Country. The troops who behaved in so disorderly a manner at Cadiz are to he em barked on bard the squadron from where the Constitutive was first published. " The Duke del Parque has refused to accept the Embassy to France, and the Duke 'le Santa Cruz is appointed in his place. Canga Arguelles, formerly a Deputy of the Cortes, and celebrated for his talents and liberal opinions ' is named, Minister of Finance. Mina is (as we have already stated,) nominated Viceroy of Navarre, in the room of the Marquees d'Espeleta. Villa Campa, who ever since the restoration bars been imprisoned in Catalonia, and - who was elected by the people Captain-General of Catalonia, has been confirmed is his appointment by the Ge4rnment." MEMBER RETURNED. Anstruthcr District of Burghs.—Sir William Rae, Bart. FINAL CLOSE OF THE SCRUTINY AT TAUNTON; A. Baring, Esq J. A. Warre, Esq. Seymour, Esq STATE PRISONERS.—A meeting took place yes terday for the purpose of raising a subscription In order to enable these men to employ Counsel, and for other matters necessary for,their defence. The meeting was held at the Crown and Anchor. (not the usual Receptacle for Radicals), in ,King's Head-court, Shoe-lane. It was numerously at tended by the working classes of society, and about 401. is said to have been collected. Two Peace Officers were present at the meeting, said to have attended by order of the Lord Mayor, but though the Officers denied that they were sent by his Lordship, and stated that they came by order from a different quarter, yet a man, named IVaddington, a Radical Standard Bearer, arose and expressed his astonishment that the Lord Mayor should interfere. We rather approve than condemn this meeting, for as every man should be deemed innocent till he is proved guilty, it is creditable to those mho wish to lighten the suf ferings of their fellow-creatures, and to promote the ends of justice. The prisoners derive front the bounty of Government every comfort and at• tent ion which their situation can require, con sistent with the security of their persons and it is but an act of humanity in those who assist them with the means necessary to clear tbeincelves is the eye of the law, and time opinion of mankind. The following Honourable and Patriotic Ai)* peal in behalf of Religion and Loyalty, cannot be too :videly disseminated : " We, the Grand Jury of the County of Warwick, as sembled at the Lent Assizes, being convinced that the disse mination of blasphemous and seditious Publications is dart genius to the morals of the people, and fatal to every reli gious principle, beg to recommend most earnestly to all persons, to whom any such Fnischievous work may be offered for sale or otherwise, to possess themselves of the same, and to give immediee information thereof to the nearest Con stable, in order that the Distributor may he brought as soon. as possible before a Magistrate. " The Grand Jury are t I,e more anxious to impress this recommendation on the attention of their Countrymen, be- CanS they think that a zealous co-operation of all classet , of his Majesty's Loyal Subjects 14 absolutely necessary to the suppression of so subtle and pcinijous an evil." AIIEIVAL OF THP. KING.—His MAJESTY arrived at his. I" .dace in Pall-mail, from the Pavilion et yesterd4y eve Ding, about half-past Si* tr ailer Ci ae C , PO l'Eth, total _ DEA fruti F couibe h oedu 4 Pollo Lir' Perb ar , lady gr i d VV 90fl tttli 4 4 lier Vvotii ( 4ni 1% i, et cl L e! t t 40g Pap a per, t !Li n/ Info, ttr e taiie 4 , ‘ s ,a ct ,