The Sun. — London, England, 1849-03-07 00:00:00

I f ~ { QT. )0 (Publisher in Ordinary to heiMajesty). ROYAL LYCEUM TITEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestrl2l. Sole Lessee. Mr. Charles Ma' he TIIIS EVENING WIND S.W.—fresh breeze and fine. THE LEGAL TITLE ASSURANCE COMPANY. (Frorisionally Registered, January 17, 1949.) Capital, 2,000,000/., in 80,000 Shares, of 251. each. Preliminary Deposit, 2s. 6d. per Share Prospectuses and full information may be obtained at the Tempo ra-.7 0139 0 of the Company, 13A, Cannon-row, Westminster, on ap ritcatical 10 • G. F. lIOWE, lion. Sec., pro tern. Now ready, in 2 vols., with Portraits, 255. bound, MEMOIRS AND CORRESPONDENCE OF S IR ROBERT MURRAY KEITH, K. 8., MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY At the Courts of Dresden, Copenhagen , a nd Vienna, from 1769 to 1793; with a giog,raphical Memoir of Queen Caroline Matilda, Sister of George 111. Edited by Mrs. GILLESPIE SINIYTII. Henry Colburn, publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. • . NEW WORK BY TIIE AUTHOR. b " TYPIn EE,"vols. AND post 8 " 03100." On the 15th of March will be p V u olished, 3 GE vo., M ARDI; x or. it,,,, A 4 . , ; mEL Y vi A THITHER. LT Author of " Typee," and " Omoo." In consequence of the great demand for the works of this writer, orders should be sent at once to the booksellers to secure copieS On the day of publication. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, JAMES'S TH EAT RE. Season 1819. FREXCII PLAYS and OPERA COMIQUE. THIS EVENING, The Performances will commence at Eight o'clock precisely, with LE MAITRE DE CHAPELLE; ou, le Souper Imprevu. Barnabe, M. Beauce; Benetto, M. Chateaufort ; Gertrude, Mdlle. euichard. To conclude with the popular Opera Comique, entitled LE DOMINO NOIR. Lord Elfort, 3f. Chateaufort ; Juliano, M. Soyer ; Horace, M. Couderc ; Gil Perez, M. Baguet ; Angele, Mdile. Charton ; Brigitte, lf , fdlle. Martial ; tirsale, JShcle. Morel ; Jacinth°, Madame Mancini ; Gertrude, Mdlle. Yigny. Mr. Mitchell begs also to announce that, notwithstanding the in creased expenses of the present entertainment, the prices of adults- Idon are determined as fellows: — Boxes .. • • •• •• •• Ss• Od. • Pit .. • • 35. Od. Amphitheatre .. • • .. 2s. Od. Subscriptions for the season may be arranged at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street ; Mr. Sams', St. James's-street ; Mr. Andrews', New Bond-street; and at the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open daily from eleven till five. TUItATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr. B. Webster, :Cele Lessee and Manager, Old Brompton. The pubic is respectfully informed that this Theatre has, during the recess, undergone very extensive repairs and alterations and the whole re-decorated. THIS mvtrn - xci, performed THE WIFE'S SECRET. Sir Walter Amyott, Mr. Charles Kean ; Jabez Sneed, Mr. Webster ; Harrington. Mr. Mrindal ; Neville, Miss Reynolds ; Lady Eveline Amyott, Mrs. C. Kean ; Maud, Mrs. Keeley. After which, DON CiESAR DE BAZAN. Don Cmsar, Mr. James Wallack ; Lazarillo, Miss Horton ; Maritana, Miss Bennett. To conclude with i new Farce, entitled YOUR LIFE'S IN DANGER. THEATRE lIOYAL, ADELPHL Under the direction of Madame Celeste. During the Recess this Theatre has been, entirely re-decorated, the original designs by DighTWYttt; Esq . , executed by Mr. Sang. A new Stage, Curtain, Act Irforr; AM Chandelier. An approved sys tem of Ventilation, &c.,:&e. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, mad... Stalls Nudered mere comfortable. THIS 'EVENtxi , . Will be performk COCKNEYS IN CALIFORNIA. After which, the. original Drama, called HARYEST HOME. Principal characters by Messrs. 11. Hughes, Lambert, Wright, F. Bedford, 0. Smith, Madame Celeste, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Frank Matthews, Miss Turner, Sce. To conclude with JOHN JONES. Guy Goodluck, Mr. Lambert ; Eliza Melton, Miss E. Chaplin. sTill be performed SHAVE YOU DIRECTLY. After which, a new Fairy Extravaganza, entitled THE KING OF THE PEACOCKS. Characters by Messrs. Harley, John Reeve, Selby, H. Hall, Marshall, and 11. Marshall ; Miss Kathleen Fitzwil 'lam, Miss L. Howard, Mrs. Macnamara, Miss Marshall, Miss L. Marshall, Miss Coleman, and Madame Vestris. To conclude with USED IJP. Dress Boxes, 55.; Upper Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. No half-price to any part of the house. The New Pox-offlce, No. 2, Wellinz,to ,- street, is open to the public es cry day, from Ten till Six. PRINCESS'S THEATIZT , .. Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager. During the Recess this Theatre has been re-decorated and embel lished In a superb and costly manner by Mr. Hurwitz. A new Chan delier has been fitted, and. the best arran:;emen ts have been reade for the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and the counort and convenience of the audience. THIS EVENING, Will be performed the Romantic Opera, entitled LEOLINS. Count Adelmar, Mr. Charles Brahant the Seneschal, Mr. 11. Horn castle; Frantz, Herr Mengis; Matilla, Mrs. Wei 33; Leoline, Miss To conclude with a new grand Pantomime, entitled BLUFF KING HAL; or, Ilarlequln and lh (Charmed Arrow. Harlequin, 11tr. Bologna; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo ; Clown, Mr. Ilexmore ; Sprite, Mr. I), Barr ; Columbine, 3lLss Fawcett. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. Under the Patronage of her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, &c. Mr. Batty respectfully announces that he has entered into an en gagement with the celebrated American Equestrian Young Hernan dez, who has just arrived in this country, and whose talent has gained for Ulm the title of the first rider in the world. Ile will make his third appearance THIS EVENING, The curtain will rise at a Quarter to Seven o'clock precisely to the magnificent Spectacle, by Fitzball. entitled CORA SCO ; or, the Warriors Steed. After which the double Tight-ropes. To be followed by an Inimitable display of SCENES IN THE CIRCLE. supported by the first Equestrian talent of the day. To conclude with the farce of CURIO3ITY. Boa,-office open from Eleven till Five. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. THE WEATHER.—Smi OFFICE, MARCH 7. TH'7RMOMETER, Lowest, 42; Highest, 53; Noon, 52, B 0.11( 31i,'TE2, 30.05. Th© Barometer has fallen 63 points sineo yesterday. iou wATLI: AT LONDON fsn.l I qIE. Tara DAT —}Corning, 34 min. after 12 I Erening, 2 min. after To-Moanow— .turning, 27 inti. after 1 Eventn, ,10 min. after de" . ,k 4-3 4. -..... , >. 1 't... , A... , / - - , . .. . 7 ?.,$ 'fr . . • • ~ J. Obi:entail q h 111 LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAECII 7, 1849. Justice has at last been done to the eminent ser vices and distinguished abilities of Sir CHARLES JAMES NAPIER, the hero and conqueror of Sinde• Nominated beforehand by the unanimous voice of the nation, that renowned Captain has been entrusted with the command of the British army in India, at the suggestion of the Government, with the consent of the Directors, with the gracious approval of his SOVE REIGN, and with the cordial acclamations of Parlia• rnent. We may say, without any exaggeration, that no more magnificent tribute of homage has ever been paid to a subject of the British monarchy. While other warriors have been recompensed with hereditary pensions and with the coronets of the peerage, the victor of Meanee and Hyderabad has obtained 2 , reward of a more enviable character—he has been chosen as the man of the emer gency, and chosen, too, not by a faction, or a clique, or even by a majority, but by the accor dant and simultaneous demand of the people, the QUEEN, the Company, and the Legislature. Profound as must be the gratification of Sir CIIARLES NArIER on such an occasion, the very circumstance of the enthusiasm with which he has been appointed Com mander-in -Chief under the Government of his Excel lency the Earl of DannousiE must fill him with a serious, and what would be to any other man, an em barrassing sense of his responsibilities. To Sir CHARLES, however, the consciousness of the great things expected from his administration, coupled with the enthusiasm with which he has been raised to his great post, will, we are satisfied, act only as an agreeable incitement. At the same time, the appoint ment and the acceptance of the appointment will be welcomed with joy by the population which had already anticipated the selection made by the chief military authority at the Horse Guards. The intelligence will at once dissipate all those gloomy forebodings of disaster which must otherwise have increased in reference to the progress of our expedi tion in the insurgent territories. Now that the Con queror of Sinde has been declared the successor of Lord GOUGH, there is an universal feeling of con fidence that in the end nothing but good can come of the bloody skirmish at Ramnuggur, and of the yet more terrible massacre in the battle of Chillian wallah. As an additional mark of honour, and as a means of satisfying, at once, the convenience of the newly appointed Commander-in-Chief, and the general advantage s of the nation, the mail via Marseilles has had the period of its departure delayed. Calculating the journey overland at the swiftest rate that is possible, even with relays of couriers, Sir CHARLES NAPIER could not reach the seat of war until the campaign has terminated. The overland mail, therefore, which would have started for Hindostan this evening, would merely }save contained the intelligence that the illustrious General has received the rank thrust upon his acceptance by the inhabitants and the Go vernment of Great Britain. Although it is under stood that the newly - appointed Commander-in -Chief announced hiiireadiness to start for the Punjaub on this very day, vvithout leaving himself more than a few hours for preparation, it was recognised that such desperate and inconvenient precipitation would be productive of no compensative advantage, seeing that whatever is to be the result of Lord GOUGH'S system of generalship, that result would have been neces sarily accomplished before his successor could reach the banks of the Jhelum. Under any circumstances, Sir CUARL.L3 could - not enter upon his duties as leader of the forces in British India before the expiration of those five months—December, January, February, March, and April—which he himself has so very recently declared to be the only portion of the year in which war can be there made by Euro peans.—Sea " Letter to Sir J. C. HOBEIOUSE," page 19, note. He could consequently be afforded only the opportunity of following up the advantages gained, or of redeeming the blunders made by his gallant but rash and inconsiderate predecessor. For these reasons, therefore, the delay of a week or of a fortnight is of comparatively small consideration. Sir CHARLES NAPIER will leave England with an expedition such as can neither be regarded as too long delayed or as too marked by precipitation. He will go to the land of his former glory to reap fresh laurels not only in overcoming the Seikh re bellion, but in repressing the mutinous and incursive spirit of the Affghans, and in effecting a rapid and complete reorganization of the whole cf the Euro pean and native soldiers throughout Ilindostan. If any circumstance had been required to impart an additional and crowning eclat to the appointment of Sir CHARLES NAPIER as Commander-in-Chief, under Lord DALHOUSIE, it would have been fully derived from the cheers with which the House of Commons received the announcement last evening from the lips of Lord JOHN Rus- SELL. All .things considered, there could scarcely , have been more promptitude evinced in com plying with the vociferated demands of the nation within the brief interval which has elapsed since the arrival of the disastrous accounts from Chillianwallah, especially when it is remembered that the election had to prove satisfactory at once to the QUEEN, to her Ministers, to the Duke of WELLINGTON, and to the Board of Directors in Leadenhall-street. Sir CUAILES NertEß, as Commander-in-Chief of the army in our Indian empire, will now be enabled, therefore, to justify a hundredfold the admira tion and confidence of his countrymen by repressing the revolt now raging between the Sutlej and the Indus. When this shall have been accomplished, and the Anglo-Indian empire stabilitated upon a new foundation, the Conqueror of Sinde may find lei sure for the development of those noble views which have been casually indicated by his pen and his voice. Two fields are consequently open for the enhancement of the fame of one who has already secured to himself a conspicuous place iu the national records as the conqueror and the pro-consul of the great province of Sinde. No Commander-in-Chief will ever have left the shores of England with so many aspirations for his success, or with so many inestimable assurances of the reliance placed in his mi litary genius both by the nation and the Govern ment. Protection is not as yet completely defunct. Al though its case has long been considered hopeless by every competent judge, persons are still to be found who profess to detect some slight symptoms of a lin gering vitality, and who are sanguine enough to pre dict its perfect resuscitation at no distant period. Meetings are still held at which "jeremiads" are poured forth touching the ruinous results of untaxed food, and the injustice to which the labouring classes are exposed by being compelled to eat their daily bread without contributing 25 per cent. on its value as a peace offering to the agricultural interest. The usual routine has, however, been in some degree varied. A change of programme has taken place, new performers appear on the boards. Protectionist Peers and M.P.'s still crowd the platform, but they take no further part in the proceedings they remain patient listeners while sturdy yeoman pour forth their bucolic grievances to their sympathising ears The alteration of the dramatis persona! was certainly a judicious move. The country had become wearied of the perpetual reiteration of the same forebodings from legislatorial actors. They had been repeated usque ad nauseam, and could now hardly attract atten tion. Gloomy vaticinations would no longer terrify the multitude, if uttered by the ancient soothsayers ; some novelty should be produced in order to draw an audience. A new "tenore di Maledizione" should be, prepared to chaunt the atrocities of the perfidious PEEL and his wicked coadjutors. Even the eloquent and witty Member for Buckinghamshire should re serve his orations for the more congenial atmosphere of the House of Commons. No persons but tenant farmers would receive a hearing at the general meeting of the agricultural interest specially convened by the Central Society for the Protection of Agriculture and British Industry, which took place yesterday at Willis's Rooms, St. James's-street. A Mr. W. BENNETT, who moved the first resolu- tion, was the "FRASCHINI" of the farmers on the occasion. He elicited the most uproarious applause by the vigour and determination with which he anathematized the " dishonest Parliament" who had repealed the corn laws, and the artistic manner in which he depicted Sir R. PEEL as heading "a body of marauders, to carry away every fourth stack of hay, and to drive off one-fourth of the cattle." The lawn sleeves or the mitre did not protect the Right Reverend wearers from the indignant denunciations of the promising "debt/hitt," if tainted with free-trade notions. The Bishop of OxronD fell especially under the lash, which was applied with the most energetic zeal, fur his speech in the House of Peers on the corn-laws, during the delivery of which (teste BENNETT) " his Grace of RICHMOND had been unable to maintain his wonted sobriety." We know not whether the im passioned orator meant to convey that the Noble Duke had indulged too freely in the creature comforts at 13ELLA31y's on the occasion in question, or whether it was merely a moral intoxication resulting from the startling opinions put forth by the Right Rev. Pre late, who had dared to speak of " the advan tages of competition, and of the farmers being obliged to raise more from their land"—a temerity which, at the moment, led to the unfortunate depar ture from the strict rules of sobriety by the Protec tionist leader ; and more recently, to the diatribe of Mr. W. BENNETT. " Competition it is that is ruining the country." Competition must be done away with and good stringent mono polies established, if the country would be saved, if a gleam of returning prosperity was to be hoped for, it could only be by such means. Yes, one species of compe tition might be tolerated, and one only—" a compe tition in lawn sleeves," which the speaker acknow• ledged he would approve of, a sentiment that de iervedly elicited the most tumultuous applause, and in which the orator was not quite SD far astray as he manifestly supposed himself to be. Yes, a competi tion in lawn sleeves—a free trade in religion—would not be so very terrible an infliction to the nation in general. There are some points in which the Protectionist landowners may find the tenant-farmers rather dan gerous allies. It may surprise the noble and honour able audience a leetie if resolutions should be moved respecting large reductions of rent, or a different me asure of taxati on , in meetings convened and patronised by themselves. The chief orator (the said Mr. W. BENNETT) threw out some rather significant hints, which will doubtless be duly considered by his brother yeoman, and which may pro d uce fruit in d u e season ; he said " the reduction of 25 per cent. (at which he estimated the loss to the farmers by the repeal of the corn-laws), just about covered the rental of the country. That they would a t once • • • perceive that the whole rental was sacrificed in some shape or form." This was certainly placing the matter in a very different light from that in which Parliamentary speakers considered it. It was regard ing the subject in a poi nt of view much more pleasing to the tenant orators than to the landlord audience. The speaker certainly evinced some feel ings of compassion ; he would not at once deprive the proprietors of all their interest in the soil. A general reduction of 25 per cent. on rents would do very well as a beginning. "It was not to be pre sumed (said he)—it was not to be presumed for a moment that the landlords could walk away, and leave the tenant-farmers in quiet possession of the land." But let it be admitted that the landlords bore their fair share of the change that had taken place, that they came down one quarter in their rents, still the burdens which the tenant farmers had to bear were too great so great, indeed, that they could not bear up against them. Let them take a farm rented at 4001. a year, they reduced the saleable produce of that farm from 1,6001. to 1,2001. a year, and . . . they would still have to squeeze out of the tenants and farmers the sum of 3001. a year." Call you this backing your friends the landlords, Master BELtinTI ? Is this tho support desired by the Protectionist Peers and Corn• moners who convened the assemblage ? We doubt it very much. Indeed, we do not think the dangerous experiment will be repeated. Mr. BENNETT once fairly on his legs did not restrict himself to the subject matter of the resolution ; he spoke out some good strong Radical doctrines. The inequality of rating was censured. He spoke of persons of 2,0001. or 3,0001. a year living in houses worth 50/. per annum, and thus escaping from eontributing according to their means—he indicated a total want of confidence in benches of magistrates, and complained of the management of roads, &c., being thrown into their hands. Ile censured boldly the law of settlement, which, he said, should be altered, and the burdens differently imposed. Bravo BENNETT !—after all, we shall begin to agree together very well, and we venture to say that there will be in those re spects a greater community of opinion between us than was felt by your aristocratic auditory at Willis's Rooms. Yes, the law of settlement must be altered, the burdens must be equalised and more fairly distributed, according to the means of the parties. Let farmers struggle for these desiderata, and they will receive our most strenuous support ; but they will not be called together and patiently attended to by an assemblage of landowners—the rump of monopoly and protection. The reactionaries of this country who set up CHARLES I. as a model monarch, and LAUD as a model bishop, have exhibited their usual tact in putting forward Lord ASHLEY as the champion of their notable scheme for the promotion of priestcraft, the discouragement of education, and the destruction of religious liberty, which was propounded by the Noble Lord to the House of Commons on the evening of Thursday. No man, save one who was in the habit of throwing bank notes into a waste paper basket could with a grave face have dealt with sta tistics as did the Noble Lord on that occasion. It was barely possible, considering the antecedents of the Noble Lord, that he might have been duped by the representations of those who had craftily set him on (indeed, we believe such to have been the fact, for we have the highest opinion of the sincerity of purpose of the Noble Lord), al though of no other Member in the House could such a supposition have been for one moment entertained. The advocates of priestcraft exhibited in this, as in every other instance, the acuteness of accomplished Jesuits in their choice of tools wherewith to work their purpose. As one example of the manner in which the Noble Lord handled his statistics, we will take his account of the state of affairs in the parish of St. Pancras. The population of St. Pancras, said the Noble Lord is 140,000. There is only church accommodation for 17,000, and the inference he left the House to draw, therefore, was that all except 17,000 were necessarily living in a state of absolute heathenism. The Noble Lord having produced a great effect by these figures, forthwith proceeded to declare that this was a state of things that had been, but that at present there was church accommodation for 51,000, still leaving the House to infer that the great majority of the inhabitants of the parish were unchristianized, for throughout his speech the Noble Lord never once alluded to the efforts of the Dissen ters, and for aught that appeared to the contrary it might have been presumed that no religion, save that of the State Church, was tolerated in this country, and that those who were not members of that Church were to be considered as a scum of base schismatics, living without the light of the Gwpel. The motion, in support of which Lord ASHLEY' thus consented completely to ignore the efforts of the Dissenters, and practically to deny to them the character of Christians, is very cautiously worded. It is— " That an humble address be presented to her Ma jesty, praying her Majesty to appoint a Commission to inquire into the Tractibility and mode of subdividing, into distinct and independent parishes, for all ecclesias tical purposes, all the densely peopled parishes in Eng land and %Vales, in such manner that the population of each, except in particular cases, at the discretion of the Commissioners, shall not exceed four thousand souls." Our excellent correspondent, " An Old Reformer," has most accurately described its object in his letter to the Secretary of the Metropolitan Reform Associ- ation which appeared in The Sun of Monday. He says, and says most truly— - • • •• " This is one of the efforts which the retrograding Church Establishment is making to assist in her jour ney towards Home. There is to be a better distribution of the influences, which are to carry us back to all man ner of what the Articles of the original Church denomi nated fond things vainly invented.' Nuns black, white, and grey, with all their trumpery,' are to be brought back on us by renegade bishops, and the country is to be split up into neat subdivisions in aid of the measure." The upholders of priestcraft are to the full as into. - —• lerant, as overbearing, as persecuting, and as full of hatred and uncharitableness towards all those who refuse to acknowledge their supremacy as ever they were. It is want of power, and want of power alone, ,that prevents them from reviving the fierce persecutions of the Dissenters in which LAUD, who is their model priest, indulged, and the object of this motion, and of all motions of a similar character, is to acquire that power. So long as the people could be kept in such a state of " gross and crass " ignorance as fitted them to be the materials out of which could be formed at any moment the ferocious " Church and King mob," which, in Lord Gsoaoe GORDON'S time, sacked London, and a few years later, at Birmingham, wrecked the house of Dr. PRIVDTLEY, so long were the upholders of priestcraft among the most invete rate opponents of any system of education whatever. Thanks to the exertions of the Dissenters, however, the people became gradually civi lized, the cause of education progressed, the great majority of the people could read, and the great majority were by the exertions of the friends of true religion supplied with Bibles, the mob had dis appeared before the light of knowledge, and instead were found the people, the educated people— " Who know their rights, and knowing dare maintain." OasoN was endowed with reason, and the reign of those who had for centuries systematically kept the people in ignorance appeared approaching to its close. There then arose a cry for reform in the Church, a cry of which the upholders of priestcraft cunningly availed themselves to make one more great effort for the recovery of their lost power. We admit the necessity of Church reform, replied they, and we will reform ourselves. They were believed, and forthwith the agitation fur Church reform ceased. Church-rates were patiently tolerated, even the nuisance of the ecclesiastical courts was suffered to remain, because it was fondly believed that those promises were sincere. How have these pledges been kept ? They have every one of them been violated. It is perfectly true that the upholders of priestcraft have proposed various alterations, but every one of these alterations, instead of being a measure of reform, has been a measure to strengthen an existing abuse, and in many instances to gain a legal sanction for an heretofore illegal exer cise of the priestly power. The plan of Lord ASELBY is no measure of Church reform—it is a measure of proselytism. Its intention is to scatter the profes sional upholders of priestcraft broad-cast through the land, in order to obstruct the efforts of the Dissenters. Unable to prevent education, they seek to pervert it, and to distort the pure light of knowledge by transmitting it through a coloured medium. Should they succeed in their endeavours then shall we see the days of LAUD revived ; again will the Dissenters in England be subjected to the fiercest persecution, their mode of worship forbidden, and their persons imprisoned ; and again will the Episcopalian zealots of England endeavour to force Episcopacy en Scotland. Let, therefore, the Dissenters of England and the Presbyterians of Scotland be warned in time. Let them arouse themselves, and strenuously oppose these insidious endeavours to restore the reign of priestcraft. Again let the cry for Church reform be raised ; again let the opposition to church-rates be organised; again let petitions praying for a reform in the ecclesiastical courts load the table of the House of Commons. At the present moment, the mere display of the moral force of the opponents of these schemes will be sufficient to prevent the contemplated mischief from being consummated, but if time is given to the park s i)ereetre the tcoonmseci atu u r e e nc t e h s e . i r pplans,elay Delays t areis i p m r p o o v s e s r i b b i l a e ll t y o fore-dan gerous, let the Dissenters be "up and doing. ENGLISH AND FRENCH INTERNATIONAL ASSO CIATIoN.—We aro authorised to state that Mr. H. Brown, ALP., is in no way connected with, or permitted his name to be used as a patron to, this society. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colohpl-otfice for the Goyernor of Gibraltar. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 7, 1849. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the French papers of yesterday. The National Assembly decided on Monday, by a majority of 481 to 227, that the proposition demand ing an inquiry into the conduct of the Ministry, in calling out the troops on the 29th January, should not be taken into consideration. Accounts were yesterday received in Paris of the safe arrival Of.,BARBES, BLANQUI, COURTAIS, ALBERT, and the other accused of the 15th May, at Bourges. The Committee of the Assembly for the examina• tion of the project of law demanding a credit on the revenue of 1849 for the months of April and May, is said to be hostile to it, and to have a majority of two in favour of its rejection. On the election of this Committee, in the bureaux very animated dis cussions took place, and in four of the bureaux it was moved to propose a vote of want of confidence in the Ministry. A report, to which considerable credit was attached, was generally circulated yesterday in Paris, of the entry of the Austrian army into Tuscany. The Electoral Committee of the club of the Rue de Poictiets have appointed the following as members of a sub-committee to draw up a manifesto :—MM. Mole, Berryer, Thiers, de Montalembert, Generals Pyat, Persigny, de Broglie, de Remusat, Duvergier de Hauranne, de Larcy, Achille Fould, Leon de Mal leville, de Noailles, Chatnbolle et Ferdinand Barrot. There was yesterday a rise of nearly 2 per cent., in the French Fire per Cents., and during the last week there has been a great increase in the deposits in the savings' banks. LOUIS BLANC and CAUSSIDIERE have published let ters in the Peuple, announcing that they have resolved not to appear to take their trial at Bourges. The former says that, when in August he promised to appear, he did not suppose that the trial would take place before a tribunal not then created ; the latter intimates that he could not have a fair trial. The Peuple says that the representatives of the Montagne and several of their co-accused have recommended Louis BLANC and CAUSSIDIERE not to give themselves up. The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse yesterday at 52f. 85c.; the Five per Cents. at 85f. 20c.; the New Loan at 85f. 5c.; ()cicalas Railroad Shares, 835 f.; Rouen, 535 f.; Havre, 325 f.; Great Northern, 465 f.; Avignon, 212 f. 50e.; Vierzon, 365 f.; Basle, 106 f. 25c.; Bordeaux, 417 f. 50c.; Paris and Strasburgh, 368 f. 75c.; Tours and Nantes, 3361. 25c. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Mutest 6. Boulogne and Amiens, 9 5 ,i—Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), 12:.% —Namur and Liege. 7% —Northern of France, 11%—Paris and Strasbourg, 4,7iex in.—Rouen and Havre, 13. SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 28th ult. have arrived. A serious emeute occurred at Reuss on the last day of the Carnival. The cry of Viva la Republica was raised, the authorities were deposed, and it was not until the arrival of considerable number of troops that the emeute was quelled. The Clamor has a letter from Gibraltar of the 21st, which states that Sir C. NAPIER and the squadron had returned there on the previous day from an expedition to the coast of Rife, which they had reached on the 18th ; it states that they were received hostilely, all the shore being covered with savage hordes, who crowned the heights and sheltered them selves behind rocks, firing cannon shot on the Polyphemus steamer, which was withdrawn. This hostile appearance of the population is said to have been occasioned by the preparations they were making for an attack on the Spanish possession of Melilla, which place Admiral N APIER visited, and, according to this letter, received from the governor the promise of his decided co operation ; though he considered the position and numbers of the Bedouins too powerful to be at tacked by their small force, and that other measures should be taken. Sir C. Nortint is said to have been of the same opinion, and for that reason returned to Gibraltar. MADRID BOLSA, FEB. 28.—Three per Cents., 234 paper; after Bolsa, 23i 7-16 cash. Five per Cents., 11 cash; after Bolsa, 11 10 15 16 cash. Passives, 4e paper; after Bolsa, 4 cash. Coupons, 7i paper, 1k cash. Bank of St. Ferdinand, 54 paper. Treasury Bills, 61 62 paper. Exchange on London, 49-70. PORTUGAL• - Intelligence has been received from Lisbon to the Ist March, by the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-ship Iberia, which arrived at Southampton last evening. The Cortes had rejected the project for substituting a direct sjstem of election for the indirect one at present in use, by a majority of 69 against 32. The report of the Board of Public Credit showed that it was unable to obtain more than 22 contos from the late Minister of Finance on account of 250 contos taken from the dividend endowment, in virtue of the law of the 31st of April, 1848. The board strongly urged the necessity of scrupulously respecting its endowments, whatever they may be, when once de creed by law, and this is the sole security left to the bondholders. The Portuguese steamer of war Mindello had re turned to Lisbon from Gaeta, with the Count of PANEFIEL, who brought a letter from the Pore, which was much appreciated by the QUEEN. The Duke de SALDINIIA was about to submit to the Cortes a project of law for admitting into the army, upon petition, all Royalist officers amnestied at Evora Monte in 1834.. The exchange on London had risen to 531 for bills at three months, with abundance of paper, and few takers. On other cities the rates were nominal— say Paris, 53 ; Amsterdam, 421; and Hamburgh, 451 Portuguese Fire per Cent. Stuck had been in de mans, and considerable transactions had taken place at 50 to 51; the Four per Cent. were quoted 41 to 42 ; Bank of Portugal Shares 35 to 30 milreis dis count; Bank of Oporto Shares, 35 to 40 premium. The operations in stocks and shares were for Lisbon Bank notes, which were at a discount of 42! per cent. GERMANY AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTItIA. The Wiener Zeitung of the Ist of March publishes the following account of the part taken by the Rus sians in the recent battles in Transylvania " General Engelhart, having received information of the onward march of the perjured Szeklers on the 4th, undertook a forced reconnaissance against Petersburgh, with a Russian battalion of 15() Cossacks, and two pieces of ordnance supported by one battalion of Romani. The enemy, perceiving their numerical strength, attacked us at an hour's distance from Cronstadt, between Ko nigsberg and Petersburgh. The Cronstadt garrison, alarmed for the result, sent two more Russian battalions, with six guns and a squadron of Savoy dragoons, who joined the ranks in two columns. The battle lasted six hours, and ended with the flight of the rebels, who poured volley after volley upon the Russians. The latter, however, with their excellent artillery, suc ceeded in breaking the adversary's centre. The strength of the enemy was from 8,000 to 9,000 foot, 500 horse well equipped, and six field-pieces. Their retreat was so precipate that only three prisoners could be taken. One Russian officer and a sergeant gunner, and three men of ours were killed, three Cossacks wounded; whereas the enemy had cart-loads of slain to transport." The twenty-fifth army bulletin states that Prince WINDISCHGRATZ transferred his head-quarters on the 24th instant from Buda to Seatvan, and on the 25th to Gongyos, by which move his communications with General SCIILICK'S corps are restored. Colonel URBAN has had another affair with the rebels near Bistritz, in Transylvania, when they were completely routed. For the purpose of obtaining accurate infor mation of the insurgent position, the Colonel left dead on the 18th, marched through Bistritz over Heiden dorf, and dispatched a circumventing column, under Major WitisEzt, against Szerefalva. He himself brought up the chief force to Bayersdorf, there fell in with the Polish legion, and carried the place at the point of the bayonet. The foe was driven back upon Magyaros, after a sharp and victorious conflict. The rebel, Colonel RITZKO, severely wounded, two officers, and 200 men were taken, together with three cannon, one waggon, ammunition, and baggage. On the Austrian side, Lieutenant-Colonel Count BAUDISSIN died fighting for " Kaiser and Vaterland." Colonel URN AN then returned to his post at Bistritz, having achieved the object of his enterprise. He speaks highly of the behaviour of the troops. In Upper Hungary the division of General Baron RAMBERG, consisting of the Gotz and Jablonowsky brigades, re-occupied Eperies and Kaschau on the 21st. A Vienna letter in the Breslauer Zeitung corrobo rates the former rumours of serious dissensions between the two Austrian Generals, WINDISCBGRATZ and JELLACHICLI. The cause of their quarrel is, as asserted, the hostile disposition and the severe measures of the former against the Sclavonic tribes. Baron JRLLAC}IICR, whom the Sclavonians elected to the sovereignty of their country, and whose power or weakness depends on theirs, has long opposed the anti. Sclavonic tendencies of the Corn. mander-in-Chief and the disaffection against the Imperial Government, which now prevails at Agram, and throughout Croatia, has at length forced him to doff the character of a subordinate commander, and to act and speak as the prince and representative of a great and indeFendent people. This line of con duct has been effective, though it failed to tell on the prejudices of the prince. The late reverses of the Im• perialists in Hungary, the successes of the insurgents, and the necessity of Russian interference in Transyl vania, are for the most part caused by the inactivity of Baron JELLACIIICR and his Croats, or to their lukewarmness whenever decency compels them to make a forward motion. The .Agramer Zeitung has not minced the matter, and it is to be presumed that Baron JELLACIIICII has been equally candid at head-quarters; the Croats will not assist in subduing the Hungarians unless their independence is gua ranteed to them. They call their war against llun gary a war of liberation, which they do not mean to fight for the benefit of Austria, and much less for the purpose of bringing themselves under Austrian rule. PRUSSIA. Several Poles have been recently arrested at Ber lin, and all non •domiciled Poles were ordered, on the 31 inst., to leave the city within twenty-four hours. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. Whether or not there be any serious intentions of war, so much is certain, that warlike preparations are being carried on with much activity. The Minister of War has just issued a notice to the cavalry depot, and states that any horses which may be voluntarily placed at the disposal of the service will be gratefully received. By a recent notice all ships' captains who could transport troops to Prederira were, to send in their names. —Bor sciikalle, March 2. CRACOW. A letter from Vienna in the German Reform says :—" The report is in circulation here that a revolution has broken out in Cracow, and that the Russians have entered the city and occupied the whole country as far as Bochnia. There can be no question that there has been a collision at Cracow between the troops and a portion of the populace. It is likewise notorious that large bodies of Russian troops are concentrated on the frontiers of Galicia and Poland, and these combined circum stances may have given rise to the report." The Oat Deutsche Zeitung says—" The intelligence is in circulation here that serious disturbances have taken place at Cracow. A regiment which was entering the city was received by the inhabitants with great indignity, whereupon the troops returned the attack at the point of the bayonet." We have not yet received any details.—Cologne Gazette, March 6. ITALY. INVASION OF TUSCANY BY THE AUSTRIANS. The Siecle, of yesterday states, that the French Government had received dispatches announcing that the Austrian army had invaded Tuscany. The Austrian Government, claim a right to enter the Tuscan territory, under the treaties which guarantee the Grand Duchy of Tuscany to Austria, on the failure of the line of the present GRAND Duxe, or on his retirement from the Government. By a decree of the 24th ultimo, of the Pro visional Government of Florence, the convocation of the electoral colleges is prorogued to the 12th of March. By another decree, the two manors of Coltano and San Rossore are given in guarantee for the new Treasury Bonds to the amount of Y 60,000 lire (635,0000 It is stated that important correspondence with DE LAUGIEN has been intercepted, and deposited in the hands of justice. The facts in question, being anterior to the establishment of the military commis sion, will be judged by the ordinary tribunals. A camp of Tuscan troops is to be formed at Pistoia. The Costituente Italiana, of the 26th ult., says : " We know positively that GnititAzZl and D'APICB, at the head of a strong column, yesterday made a solemn entry into Massa. The fortress displayed the white flag." The Alin of Florence of the 26th ult. says,— " To-day will be published a decree dissolving the military commission, as all danger of civil war is passed." Cardinal A.NrromiLLl, the Pro-Secretary of State of the PoPE, has, in the name of his HOLINESS, ad dressed the following protests to all the diplomatists resident at Gaeta against the confiscation of the property of the Church by the Roman Constituent Assembly. It is dated at Gaeta, on February 19. "The assembly of factious men which, usurping the title of deputies of the people, has established itself in the capital of the Pontifical States, under the title or the Roman Constituent Assembly, advancing with an ardent audacity in the application of its system of impiety, in justice, and destruction, has lately occupied itself with two projected laws by which all the property called mort main is declared to be the property of the State, reserv ing certain provisos for insuring the effect of this sacri legious spoliation of all property, both real and personal, which this faction presumes to decree against the churches, and all religious establishments without ex ception. This attempt of these factious men, as well as all their other attempts, past and to come, already stand condemned from their ♦ery source by preceding publi cations of the Holy Father, and principally by the solemn act issued by him on January 1. But, seeing the diabolical artifices and manoeuvres which the authors of these spoliations will not fail to employ, in order to gain as quickly as possible the benefit of their interested views, the Holy Father, in his double capacity of Sove reign Pontiff and Sovereign of the States, has thought fit to warn all those who at this time have, or hereafter may have, to treat for the said property with the self called Government of Rome, or those acting under it, that the provisions in question of the Roman Assembly involve the violation of the ancient and modern laws which, and above all in the Pontifical States, have ever guaranteed the property of churches and pious establishments, and also a violation of the sacred rights of the Church of Jesus Christ, as well as the laws it has laid down for the pro tection of its possessions, and for preventing their being diverted from the religious or pious uses to which they are destined. If the said self-called Constituent Assem bly pretends, as appears by the generality of the words it employs, to reach not only ecclesiastical and pious property, but also the possessions of the University and other foundations purely laic and civil, the measures taken by it are perfectly null and void in law, as ema nating from a band of factious men, who, by all kinds of acts of ♦iolence, fraud, and ingratitude, have usurped the legitimate authority, in order to oppress, much more than to govern the States of the Holy Church. The will of his Holiness, there fore is, that it be made known to all, and especially to foreigners of every state or nation, that all the grants and alienations, whether for long terms of years or in perpetuity, all mortgages or other contracts of whatever nature they may be, which nay bo made or entered into by the said self called Roman Assembly and Government, or by those claiming under them, of which ecclesiastical property, whether real or personal, and all other property held in mgrtmain, may be the object, are and shall be null and of no effect, and shall be con sidered as done by men who, by a public and manifest spoliation, have usurped the property of another. Con sequently, no cause, no motive, no pretext shall in any manner render them valid, even when the contracts are such as the Church or pious establishments have been ac customed to enter into, or even acts already commenced, in virtue of the Pontifical authority, or of the authority of the bishops or other legitimate superiors within the limits of their respective legitimate jurisdictions. For from such authorisations, or from any other analogous circumstance, it can never be inferred that a manifest usurper can do, continue, or consummate that which can be done only by the legitimate owner or administrator. This is why the churches and other establishments in mortmain shall have, in all times hereafter, the right of recovering their real and personal property, free from all charges with which they may have, been burdened by the usurpers, as well as the arrears of the produce of it in the mean time. Those who may have made purchases of them, or entered into any contract with regard to them, cannot reclaim from the lawful owners either the prices agreed upon, or any other compensation. They shall have no claims upon any one except the usurpers with whom they may have contracted. In conse quence of this manifested will of the Sovereign Pontiff, the undersigned Cardinal, Pro-Secretary of State, has made it known to your Excellency, by the express com mand of the Holy Father, requesting you at the same time to hasten to communicate it to your Government, in order that its contents may have the greatest possible publicity, so that all such persons as may bo drawn into contracts as to the property in question may not be able to plead ignorance. The undersigned is happy in hav ing the opportunity of renewing to your Excellency the expression of his sentiments of esteem and distinguished consideration. " Cardinal ANTONELLI." Letters from Rome, by Vienna, announce that Austria has offered the POPE aid in men and money. The CZAR has declared himself in his favour. The POPE is said to have obtained a loan of six millions of scudi in Russia. In the Chamber of Deputies of Turin, of the 27th ult., BARGAGNI proposed an amendment to the ad dress, engaging the Government to send four depu ties to the Roman Constituante, unless the resump tion of hostility with Austria should immediately take place. The Ministry renewed the declaration that they would remain completely aloof from the Constituante. The amendment was rEjected. THE INDIAN COMMAND. DETENTION OF THE MAIL. It will be seen, by reference to our Parliamentary report, that Lord John Russell announced last evening that her Majesty had entrusted the command of the In dian forces to Lieutenant-General Sir Charles J. Napier, which we were enabled to announce in our Third Edi tion yesterday. Sir C. J. Napier had interviews in the morning with the Duke of Wellington and Lord John Russell, and it was arranged that the mail for India, via Marseilles, which should have gone out this evening, will be delayed several days, to enable the new Commander in-Chief to arrange everything so as to depart with it with the least possible delay. Thus Sir William Gomm, to whom dispatches have been actually sent by the Government, appointing him to to the command will be at once superseded by one to whom the public now look with so much confidence as the best successor to the present Commander-in• Chief in the Punjaub. Two regiments, viz , the 75th and 87th Foot will, it is said, embark for India as soon as tonnage can be provided by the East India Company. The Norfolk Chronicle of Saturday informs its readers—" That the Bishop of Oxford is about to lead to the altar the amiable and accomplished daughter of Baron Alderson, with whom his Lordship spent a few days, on the occasion of his visit to the opening of the church." LLOYD'S 61 - 111)PING.—(THIS DA Y:, LONDON, MARCH 7.—Wind at noon, S.W., freAt breeze and cloudy. PLYMOUTH, MARCH 6.—Wind W.-slb, Sld. Dorothy, Adelaide, South Australia; 6th, Victor, Kirkus, Hobart Town. GUERNSEY, MARGIT 3.—Sld. Atalanta, Havre. PORTSMOUTH, 111ARcli 6.—Wind S.S.W. to W.—Sid. Dundee, Havannah. A quantity of standing and run ning rigging, with blocks attached, a topmast, a topsail yard, and topsail, marked " H.N.," apparently foreign, and belonging to a vessel of about 150 tons, have been picked up off Calves Cliff, and landed here to-day. Her Majesty's ship Suporb, in being towed out of the harbour, swung toul of the I. 0. brig, of Sunderland, and carried away her main•topinast, sprung the fore topma-a cap, &e. SWANSEA, MARCH 6.—The Ismail (French brig), from 'Freon to a French port, has been brought in here a derelict by the Troubadour, hiving been touud near the Crow Rock abandoned, and with loss of rudder, but without other damage. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, March 6. SICILY. Lord STANLEY, in putting the question, of which he had given notice, would abstain from any obst r vations on the events which had taken place i❑ Sicily during the last twelve months. He would assume that through the intervention of the British admirals an armistice had been enforced between the King of the Two Sicilies, our aly on the one side, and the Pro visional Government of the insurgents in Sicily, on the other. This armistice was of great advantage to the Sicilians, inasmuch as it gave them an opportu nity of purchaahing arms and paying for them by forced contributions levied on the wealthier inhabitants who ad hered with unflinching loyalty to the King. He had been informed that a contractor who had contracted to supply arms to the Sicilians had also entered into a con tract to supply arms to the British Government, and he had been informed that, being unable to per form his contract with Sicily, he had applied to the Ordnance for permission to withdraw certain arms from the Government stores to which they had been supplied by the contractor, in order to enable him to complete his contract with the Sicilian Govern ment. The Ordnance demurred until the sanction of the Executive Government should be obtained, and the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs authorised such withdrawal. This ho consi dered a proceeding of a very questionable character, and, in his judgment, not consistent with the maintenance of strict and impartial neutrality.—(Hear, hear.) His wished to ask the Noble Marquis whether the facts were has he had stated them. lie should re joice to find that he was mistaken. He should reserve any expression of opinion as to this transaction to the period which could not be far distant, for, on the receipt of the answer of the King of the Two Sicilies to the ul timatum sent from this country, the negotiations would be brought to a close, and there would then be no objec tion, ha conceived, to lay before their Lordships all the materials necessary fur a full discussion at the whole subject.—(Hear, hear.) The Marqeis of LANSDOWN/ll—The matter alluded to by the Noble Lord lies within a very narrow compass. Unquestionably there is a foundation for the question which the Noble Lord has asked, and lam now extremely glad to have an opportunity of stating all the circumstances. A contractor who bad been habitually a contractor in the service of her Majesty's Government, did in the autumn of last year (I believe previous to the armistice) make an application to the Board of Ordnance, for the purpose of being allowed to take back certain guns which he had make for her Majesty's service, to enable him to fulfil another contract fur the use of the Sicilian Go vernment at that time.—(Hear, hear.) The Boatel of Ordnance did make some application on the subject to the Foreign Department, and unfortunately it did re ceive from the Foreign Department instructions to afford facility to the contractor, and did allow him to take back those guns. lam ready to say, that when this transac• tion came to be considered by her Majesty's Govern ment, although they did not believe that it amcunted to any direct interference in the contest going on between Naples and Sicily, yet that it was liable to misconception and might be considered a direct interference; and, therefere, it was the deliberate opinion of her Majesty's Government that it was a matter of regret that that per mission had not been withheld—(Hear)—and acting according to that line of duty which should al ways be observed, and especially between two powers like England and Naples—the latter being comparatively a less power, it was felt that this country should be be forehand in tendering satisfaction, and at the commence ment of the present year Mr. Temple was instructed to explain the nature, and the ,whole amount and extent of the transaction, and to add that it had occurred through inadvertence, and that measures would be taken for the future to prevent the recurrence of any such inadvertence.—(Hear.) Lord BROUGHAM said that his Noble Friend had mentioned the Sicilian Government. He must mean the insurgents in Italy.—(Hear.) The Marquis of LANSDOWNE—I meant the Go vernment de facto existing in Sicily. Lord lIROUGHAM.—You can no more call that a Sicilian Government than you can call Mr. Smith O'Brien and his committee the English Government.— ("pear, hear," and laughter.) The Earl of ELLEN'BOROUGH would not enter into the discussion of the general question, although he had a strong feeling as to the obligations incurred by Eng land with regard to Sicily in 1813. They had a consti tution before 1813, in respect of which they stood much in the same position as England stood to its constitution before William 111. The consti tution of 1813 was guaranteed by Great Britain. In 181 i the constitution was reconstructed, Sicily was united to Naples, and their constitution was destroyed. The Sicilians were now in arms for that constitu tion. They were instil-gents, as the Barons of England were insurgents against King John—as the people of England were insurgents against James 11. They were in arms to recover their constitution, and when that matter came to be debated, he trusted that the decision wou!d be such as to maintain the honour of the country. The Earl of ABERDEEN thought we had nothing to do with the cause for which the Sicilians were in arms. If we had given guarantees to them we should support them, but if we had not it was disgraceful not to observe a strict neutrality. With regard to the transaction which had given rise to this discussion, ho should not, after the explanation of the Noble Marquis, pursue the subject further. The Duke of WELLINGTONfsaid the King of the Two Sicilies assumed the title in ♦irtue of the treaty of Vienna, and that the union of the two king doms took place in virtue of that treaty, sand that treaty the Government of this country was bound. The Government was not bound to enforce the execution of the treaty upon others, but it was bound itself not to depart from the letter of the treaty, and ho hoped no step had been taken by this country which could be construed into a breach of the articles of that treaty. The Earl of MINTO said that though he had endea voured, and had been most anxious, to effect an accom modation of the differences Letween the King of Naples and his Sicilian subjects, and to maintain the union between the two Crowns, he never consented to treat the Sicilians as a people in open rebellion against their lawful sovereign; but, on the contrary, he had always considered them as having engaged in the assertion of rights for which, at least, a very meritorious case had been made out. Lord BROUGIIAM said he thought the Noble Lord who had just spoken had either forgotten to look over the treaty of Vienna lately, or else seemed to consider it as having no bearing on the question. If the Noble Earl had not a copy of the treaty, he should be happy to send him one, and would earnestly recommend him to examine the papers on the question before the discussion came on. The Earl of MINTO said ho was perfectly acquainted with the contents of the treaty of Vienna; bat the 104th act of it, which most related to the present:question, only provided for the restoration to the King of the Sicilies his Neapolitan dominions, and recognised his title as King of the Two Sicilies. The subject then dropped. IRISH PRISONS. Lord MONTEAGLE moved for Irish criminal re turns, and for returns showing the mortality in the pri sons of Ireland, during each of the last five years. The Noble Lord, in speaking of the increase of crime which had recently been observed in Ireland, said that although a great portion of it was no doubt attributable to the augmentation of distress and indigence, a very injurious effect had been had upon it by certain measures, to say the least of them, of a very doubtful policy. He meant the abolition of the punishment of transportation, without the substitution of other penal discipline, and the repeal of the Vagrant Act. The Noble Lord concluded by moving for the returns in the usual form, to be furnished by the Inspector of Prisons. Earl GREY said that the Noble Lord had assumed throughout his speech that the removal of convicts from Ireland under sentence of transportation had been discontinued. The Noble Lord had stated that circumstance, and other circumstances, as facts, but they were only imaginary facts. So far from the removal of convicts having been discontinued, the numbers had gone on increasing, as was apparent from the returns which he held in his hand of the transportations during the five years ending in 1845, and the three succeeding years. The sentence of transporta tion, indeed, had been exercised of late very indiscrimi nately. The grand jury in Ireland, he must say, had not exercised the functions placed in their hands by the Act in a proper manner, and were much to blame in not having provided increased accommodation for the pri• sorters, a neglect of duty with which they were charge able. Ile might communicate to their Lordships that prison establishments were in course of erection at Ber muda and Spike Island, owing to the defective accommo dation at Van Diemen's Land and Norfolk Island. The number of prisoners transported from Ireland to those two last-named places was so great, that many of them died from overcrowding. On those considerations Port • land appeared to he a desirable place to send transports from Ireland to. But there was great misdirection with regard to the class of convicts sent out from Ireland, many of them being truly unfit for transp Itation, so much so that, on their arrival at Bermuda, the governor of that island reported that they were truly unable to stand the voyage, and that fever to a great extent had broken out amongst them. The Duke of RICHMOND said it was very inconve nient that when one Irish Peer made a statement, another rose and contradicted it. He was surprised how the magistrates could commit persons to gaol whose condition was such that they were likely to die on tho voyage out, and who seemed to him to be more objects for an hos pital than for the severity of law. Lord MONTEAGLE replied, and expreEsel ))14 our prise at hewing. the Government cast blame in this mat ter on the grand jury, wh,reas blame—if Um- there was —was &largeithi” the Government offic-r whose auty it was to make out the returns. He t L,rd llont e,gle) made l,i. Stalk-Mrnts on the official documents which had been laid on the table of their Lord-hips' House—those documents, c•msistinc,r of returns, were now said to be erroneous; they were on the table of their Lordships' House since the list session, and although complained of as erroneous, no attempt was made by the Government officer whose duty it was to make them up, to correct them. Earl GREY explained his statement I+ith re3pect to :be documents on which the Noble Lord (lionteagie) :Minded his motion to the House. The motion was then ngreed to. On the motion of the 'Marquis of L &NSDOW NE, the Irish Distress Bill, the Vice-Guardians Bill, and the Buckinghamshire Summer Assize* Bill, were read a third time. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Marrh 6. RATE IN AIIUIRELAND) BILL. (Continued from our Third Edition of last night.) Mr. GROGAN then entered into a se ries of statisti cal dotsils relative to the number and cost of the paupers in the Bellyshannon and Nenagh unions under the guardians, as compared with the period under the charge of Mr. Darcy, and contended that the increased cost in the latter case was owing to the extravagance of the Government officials, and that the Government itself was responsible for the present state of affairs in these unions. He believed that the guardians elected by the rate-pajers had been unnecessarily and unjustifiably re moved, and vice-guardians substituted, instead of the guardians being aided, as they ought to have been, by competent officers. One of the hest features in the plan of the Noble Lord was his proposition of a maximum. The real cause which prevented the cultivation of the land, and the improvement of wastes by the landed pro prietors, was in many cases the fear that the results of such employment and improvement would be swallowed up by the paupers on other estates. With respect to the proposal of the Right Hon. Baronet, the Member for Tamworth, of a plantation in Connaught should be made similar to that in Ulster, at a former period in its his tory, he should be very happy to see such a plantation, if he saw similar results likely to follow. But it could not be effected without the commission of great indivi dual injustice to certain families, and to proprietors who were willing and ready to discharge all the duties of their position, and to provide employment, but who were deprived of the means of doing se, and had not got that support from the Government which they ought to have done. He had been assured by numerous pro prietors in Mayo that they were quite willing to take upon themselves the responsibility of providing employ ment and of supporting the poor on their own estates, but they had themselves been pauperised by the burdens thrown on them from other quarters ; the consequence was that the land was now lying waste, and every body who had a little money was flying from the country. how were they to stop these people from going ? A plan to effect that would be much more beneficial than a mere plan to redistribute burdens, especially when that redistribution was founded upon such palpable injustice. They said the people of Ulster were loyal, peaceable, and industrious, and because they were so they were to be taxed for the support of ano ther portion of the island.—(Hear, hear.) For his own part, he was firmly convinced that a limitation of the area of taxstiou was the only foundation upon which a better system could be placed. No one thing was, in his opinion, so well calculated to draw out the resources of Ireland as limiting the area of taxation, and had that been part of the Noble Lord's plan he would have been content to wink at much of the injustice of a rate in aid. The gross and flagrant abuses of the present arbitrary de cisions excited general complaint in Ireland. He knew one large property through which an imaginary line had been drawn by the Government officials, separating it into two electoral divisions. Oa one side of this imagi nary line there were four or fire occupiers, who, being on good terms, made a mutual arrangement to contri bute to a fund fur the employment of the able-bodied, and the result was, that rates in that electoral division some time ago were only 6d. in the pound. On the other side of this imaginary line, however, the same agreement did not subsist between the parties in ecru• pation, and the consequence was that the rates there were 2s. 6d., and he had beard they had since risen to 6s. 6d. He thought the Nole Lord would have done well if he had examined and adopted the suggestions thrown out by a Noble Lord (Stanley) in another place, that Noble Lord was practically acquainted with the subject, and had a large personal interest in it.—(Hear. hear.) His suggestions, if adopted, would have had the most beneficial effect.—(Hear, hear.) With respect to emigration, although in some places it might be necessary to set the social machine in proper working order, yet he believed in most districts of Irelited the population was really below the require ments of the country, and therefore he had no confidence in emigration as a remedy for the present state el Ire land. There was no proof that all the resources of the West had bu en exhausted; on the contrary, they had the strongest evidence that in the Archdiocese of Tuam the resources were not expended, for the people of twenty seven parishes were about giving in a simultaneous col lection to the assistance of the Pope Mr. D. CALLAGHAN had listened with great attention to the exposition of the Noble Premier's views in proposing this rate in aid, and he must confess that he went with him in almost all his reasons on the subject ; but he did not go with hi m i n think ing that the rate in aid was the proper means of meeting the difficulty. Attacks had been made in that House and through the press on the landlords of Ireland and he did not mean to stand up in defence of all the landlords of that country, but he felt at the same time that some of them were charged with a great many faults which it was impossible for them to avoid. It was said the landlords declined to employ the labourers on their estates, but the landlords of the south of Ireland were almost all of them men who had given leases of their land for three lives. In doing that they gave up possession of the land for that time, and consequently it was the farmers who held the land that had the employ ment of the labourers.—(Hear, hear.) He (Mr. Cal laghan) Cid not feel called upon to propose any sub stitution for this tax of a rate in aid, and feeling that it was the bounden duty of Ministers to see the people did not starve, he agreed to the resolutions. The course of legislation adopted by this country towards Ireland had tended to produce in that country a very general opinion that it was over' borne and ruined by England. He was most decidedly opposed to the feeling which pervaded some of the literary productions of that country. There was one which probably many Honourable Members were w ell acquainted with— " Fruitful our soil, where honest men starve; Empty the mart, and shipless the bay; Out of our want the oligarchs carve— Foreigners fatten on our decay. Disunited, Therefore blighted— Ruined and rent by the Englishman's sway." Although he believed that Ireland had much cause 1 0 complain of the conduct of this country towards her, still he was most anxious to see good feeling promoted betvseon the two countries, and a desire manifested to bear each other's burdens, and share their good for. tune and prosperity.—(Heir.) Mr. M. J. O'CONNELL did not altogether approve of the wording of the amendment, but he should support it in preference to the rate in aid proposed by the Govern ment. He would rather the restriction as to the nee taxation of sums below 1501. per annum were removed, and he should rather that the tax was to be levied on fixed 'seem' s, and net on incomes derived from trade and professions. With regard to the general question of rating for the poor, he was of opinion that such rate ought to be placed upon fixed property and real incomeei while in regard to local rates it was impossible to have all control over them, so as to prevent the misapplication and jobbirg which so often took place in the administer ing of them, unless the parties administering them were controlled by a sense of local and fiscal responsibility. He thought the proposition of the Government might be so altered as not only to apportion the rate between the landlord and tenant, but also between the landlord and the mortgagee. Had that been done it would not have pressed so heavily on individual parties. The Noble Lord, in introducing his proposition, said that a d stinction ought to be made in regard to family settlements in the imposing of the rate, and to excluding dependents on property coming under that class from the rate ; he could see no objection. If the amendment of his Honourable and Gallant Friend (Major Blacksll) filed, then he would be placed in a serious position- He would then have to decide whether he would sup' port the rate as proposed by the Government—and in regard to that he did not hesitate to say, that in such an event he would feel it to be his duty to hie constituents to support the Government measures faulty as in many cases he felt it to be. With regard to the opposition of Honourable Gentlemen from the north of Ireland, he thought their opposition came with a bite grace, as they always were wont to cry down the proposition of the late Honourable Member fir Bath (Mr. Roebuck), who always contended that on e pact of trio country was not bound to contribute to the support of the other. But not only did they do the; they likewise had no objection, and, in fact, s apporteu, measures subjecting all the other provinces in Irelatia to be taxed the one for the support of the other. Their opposition now, therefore, was inconsistent. As to the area of taxation, ho considered the electoral divisions by far too large, but then a difficulty arose how were the! to make representation co-extensive with rating. 13 his opinion it would be inconvenient to have 013° guardian representing two or more divisions, and he thought in rural districts some such system as that in operation in England should be adopted. In regard i° the speech of the Right Honourable Baronet the Meat' ber fur Tamworth, last evening, he considered it 5 most gratify lug se mptom that that Right Hon. Gentlema n should have thr own o ff hi s usua l caut i on , an d t e ndered very judicious ad v i ce o n t hi s su bj ect . H is rem arks bad' in some instances, met with rather severe censure Iron; some of the Irish M e mber s; but th e y were not the le ss useful in consequence. He thought the Right 110. Baronet deserved the thanks of Ireland for the sugges tions he had thrown out, and he hoped they would 1)e taken up in Ireland and acted upon. There could COg be a doubt but that the mode of affording relief to Ire: land points d out by him was far more beneficial, and . would be productive of better results than to give elee ire synary relief to the people of that country. If sq. ported by both sides of the House the Right Hor. Bt : ronet's plan might be worked out with the , greate st so ! vantage; and did it receive that support , and were it carried out by the Government , he hesitated not to ss; that the Bight Gentleman might be justly cons' dered as one of Ireland's best benefactors —(Hear.) the Captain JONES was one of those who supported Irish poor•law. and he considered that were defaulting landlords made to pay their rates now there would bet n ° ne cessity for the present measure. He oonsidered t. at the measure of Uoyerunie% was logfaeieut to Garr: "