The Sun. — London, England, 1849-05-09 00:00:00

THE LEGAL TITLE ASSURANCE COMPANY. (Provisionally Registered, January 17, 1849.) Capital, 2,000,00C1., in 80,060 Shares, of 251. each. preliminary Deposit, 2s. 63. per Share Pron.actuses and fall information may be obtained at the Tempo- Otfiaes of the Company, 12.4, Cannon-row, Westminster, on ap llcation to G. F. HOWE, Hon. Sec., pro tem. NOTICE! THE N EW EDITI6RWBITRKE'S PEERAGE AND EARONETAGE IE NOW HEADY AT ALL THE LIBRARIES. Devised and Corrected throtighout to the Present Time, from the Persona Communications of the Nobility, &c., in one Vol., with 1;700 Engravings of Arms, &c., 38s. bound. This work has long sgaintained its ground as the beat Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, and as the first authority on all questions affecting the Aristocracy.—Globe. Hcary Cothan, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready, at all the Librarieh in 3 vols., L Y THE O AL IC E; Or,NEW UNA. A NOVEL. This work will excite au intense interest. It is the most brilliant debut since ' Vivian Grey.' "—Court Journal. " Talent of a high order teems in every page."—Nevr Monthly. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great,Marlborough-street. HER MAJESTYs'S THEATRE. Madlle. ALBONI. It is respectfully announced that Madlle. ALBONI will RE APPEAR on SATURDAY next, May 12, in one of her fayourite akar acters. FIF ER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. MADLLE. JENNY LIND. The Last of the Series. The Subscribers are respectfully informed that TO-MORROW F.VENING will be given as a Subscription Night, on which occasion Madlle. JENNY LIND will appear as ALICE, in Meyerbeer's Opera ROBERTO IL DIAVOLO, with various Entertainments in the Bal let Department. Applicitticss for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets to be made at the Box office, Ope: a Coionnade. Doors op. r. at Hair-past Seven, Concert to commence at Eight. Applications for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets to be made at the Box-office of tke Theatre, where Pit Tickets may be obtained as usual, price 10s. 6d. each. T. JAMES'S TH E A T R E. Season 1849. FREXCII PLAYS and OPERA COMIQITE. THIS EVENING, lite PerformanoeS will commence at Half-past Seven o'clock with LE CHALET. Boieldieu's popular Opera, To conclude with LA DAME BLANCHE. Georges, Mons. Octave; Anna, Mdlle. Charton ; Jenny, Mdlle. Cilalchard. Mr. Mitchell begs also to announce that, notwithstanding the in messed expenses of the present entertainment, the prices of admis- Oen are determined as follows: Boxes .. • • • . Gs. Od. Pit • - • • • • . 3s. Od. Amphitheatre .. 2s. Od. Subscriptions for the season may be arranged at Mr. 'Mitchell's Royal Library, 33. Old Bond-street ; Mr. Sam?, St. James's-street ; Mr. Andrew?, New Bond-street ; and at. the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open daily from eleven till eve. THIIATRE ROYAL, ILAY3fARKET. Mr. E. Webster, Sele Lessee and Manager, Old Brompton. THIS EVEN 1N,,, N Will bo performed OTHELLO. Othello. Mr. J. Wallack lago, Mr. C. Kean ; Desdemona, Miss Laura Adlison ; Emilia, Mrs . Kean. After which a Classical Extravaganza, entitled THE SPHINX. To be followed by THE HOUGH DIAMOND. THEATIIt ROYAL. ADELI'HI. Under the direction of Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, Will be performed HIS LAST LEGS. After which a new grand Extravaganza, entitled THE DEVIL'S VIOLIN AND THE REVOLT OF THE FLOWERS. To conclude with a Farce, called GOING TO THE DERBY THE DERBY DAY. Mr. Jeremiah Twiddle, Mr. Wright; Mr. John James Chucks, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Captain Nobble, Mr. Worrell ; Mrs. Chucks, Xxv. Matthews ; Mrs. Twiddle, Miss Woelgar. ROYAL I,lf Cs.UM THEAT Under the Management of Madame Vestris. Sol, Lessee. Mr. Chance Ma , he ws. THIS EVENING Will be performed a new comic Drama, called THE HUSBAND OF MT WIFE. Characters by Mews. C. Mathews, Harley, F. Matthews, Selby, and l'arselle ; Miss H. Gilbert, and Miss Connor. To be followed by a Piece entitled HOLD YOUICTONGCE. Cha- Teeters by Messrs. C. Mathews, Selby, and Parselle; Miss 11. Gil bert, Miss Jane Coleman, and Madame Vestris. To conclude with THE SEVEN CHAMPIONS O.lit CHRISTEN DOM. Dress Boxes, 55.; Upper Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, ls. ball -price to any part of the house. The Sew Box-office, No. 2, Wellinztor•street, is open to the pattlic every .!ey, from Ten till Six. PRINCESS'S THEATi; Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager. THIS EVENING, Will be performed the celebrated Opera of THE SYREN. After which, Mdlles. W. and A. Neruda and their brother Victor will perform on the Violin, Violoncello, and Pianoforte. u conclude with THE BEGGAR'S OPERA. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. • Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. tinder the Patronage•of her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, &c. In active preparation, and will be pro.luced at Whitsuntide a new grand Military Equestrian Spectacle, entitled MOOLTAN and GOOJEKAT ; or, the Conquest of the Seikhs. The new, grand Easter spectacle unprecedentediy successful. THIS EVENING, The performance will commence with a Grand Equestrian Spec tacle, by Fitzball, entitled THE WHITE MAIDEN OF CALIFOR NIA; or, the Horse of the Ocean. To be followed by an Inimitable display of SCENES IN THE CIRCLE. in which the first Equestrian talent of the day will appear. To eonclude with a favourite Afterpiece. Isoa-office open from Eleven till Four. 'tape Manarrer, Mr. W. West. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, MAY 9. TEER4ONETIOI, Lowest, 38; Highest, 50; Noon, 47, BAROMETER, 30.05. WIND N.N.W.—dull weather. wAPrat AT LONDON 11,..tis 4E. Tsui DAT —Morning, 7 weir. alter 3 I Evening, 22 mtn. after 3 To- Moaaow— rune, 39 min. after 3 I Evening, 55 min. atter 3 -1 ,.... . :,:jai i . ~, 1 — 4 s -• 7" I ,,ii. 4,,, , T-7! ). .., - 3-),. t i . : ttie ~ 4 f •ki o' 44,a§0 . hßorr is 1/42.ez 5.!;-/ - ' , :NT in 4 ‹. •`- LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAY 9, 1849. The - prediction which we ventured to utter yester day, respecting the tate of the Navigation Bill in the House of Lords, was verified this morning, by the second reading being carried, by " the small but sufficient majority" of ten votes—the numbers being for the second reading, 173 ; against it, 163. We have not therefore been disappointed in the "wisdom and discretion" which we had anticipated on the part of their Lordships. The fearful consequences of a collision between the Houses have been averted, and the nation is preserved from the disturbances and excitement that would necessarily result from the acceptance of power by a reactionary Ministry, who would,attempt to revive the obsolete doctrines of protection, and to impose new and heavy imposts upon the food of the people for the benefit of a class. The principle of monopoly has been deli berately repudiated, and those who would attempt again to subject the country to its baleful influence, should be possessed of no ordinary degree of hardi hood. Yet, from what fell from the Protectionist Leader, there can be no doubt that some, at least, of the party were prepared to assume that grave re sponsibility. No Ministry that could be formed on reactionary principles could hope to retain office for three months, but it would be impossible to cal culate the injury to all the national interests and the dangers that would follow the abortive attempt. That danger is, however, now happily but matter of speculation, for the result of this morning's division has completely defeated the hopes of the " reac tionaries," and confirmed the reasonable expectations of the British people. The speeches in support of the measure were, indeed, worthy of the occasion. Never, per haps, did the Earl of CARLISLE appear to greater advantage than in his brilliant address in opening the adjourned debate, an address which might bear comparison with the most successful ora torical displays of Lord MORPETI4 in the other branch of the Legislature. The sound practical information, the acute reasoning, and the unanswerable argu ments of the Noble Lord must convince every unprejudiced person, who calmly and dispassionately considers the subject in all its varied aspects, whether as a question bearing on the trade and com merce of the country, or the condition of our colonies, or of our national defences, every objection was fully and satisfactorily disposed of. No point relied on by the supporters of the present code was left unanswered. He proved clearly and distinctly that the effect of the proposed modifications of the law would be to strengthen and sustain our commercial marine, and thus to increase its efficacy as a nursery for our royal navy. He powerfully demonstrated the fatal consequences of the sanguinary and expensive wars that had arisen from our restrictive enactments —enactments which mainly led to the declaration of American independence, and the separation of the United States from the Mother Country, and the establishment of our great maritime, commercial, and ma - eufaeturing rival. He also showed that the shipowners, for whose especial benefit the navigation lava, had been enacted and maintained, were the chief svilerers from their operation ; that, as in every other instance, protection had damaged those it was intended to serve by teaching them to rely on artifi cial support in place of entering into that fair and manly competition, that 'generous rivalry, which Englishmen have no reason to fear, and which British merchants, British shipowners, and British seamen, should ever be willing to encounter. We could not reasonably hope. tEat other nations would regard with indiffer ence a continued exclusion of their vessels from our trade, and if,we should afford evidence of our con , tinued determination to maintain those restrictions, ~._ ~?~ ..„40 S.- THE SUN, LONDON, garian President, have obtained his noblest reward, the consciousness of having worked out the salvation of his country. ''CIE FRENCH REPUBLIC. DEFEAT OF THE FRENCH MINISTRY. We have received the Paris papers of yesterday. A most important discussion and division took place in the National Assembly on Monday evening, on the subject of the Roman expedition, and of the false pretences under which the Ministers had ob tained the consent of the Assembly to the sailing of that expedition for Italy, which ended in a signal de feat of the Reactionary Ministers, who, in this affair of Rome are, under pretence of protecting the interests of France, sacrificing those interests to Austria. In the course of the afternoon sitting of the Na tional Assembly on Monday, M. J. Fevre expressed his surprise that the Govern ment had not come forward and stated what it knew of the affairs of the French troops in Italy. That not having been done, he had considered it his duty to bring forward the matter himself. He had, however, pre viously spoken to the Minister of Foreign Affairs on the subject, and had learned from him that the intelli gence which the Government had received was not suffi ciently precise to allow him to come forward and speak to the Assembly on the subject. But the question ap peared to him (M. J. Fevre) too important to admit of delay; he, therefore, now had to address the Assembly on the point. The Honourable Gentleman then referred to the circumstances connected with the passing of the Bill of April 17, authorising the expedition to Civita Vecchia, and referred to the declaration of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and of the President of the Council, that that expedition proceeded to Italy for the purpose of securing the liberty of Italy, and that its great object was to prevent Austria from interfering alcne in the affairs of the Pope. The Hon. Gentleman then gave a sketch of the proceedings attendant on the landing of the French troops at Civita Vecchia, and argued that the conduct of the General-in-Chief was anything but that of the leader of a friendly force. The Prefect of Civita Vecchia had been suspended, and in a proclamation which was issued the next day it was stated that had not the French troops been amicably received an entrance would have been made good by force.— (Marks of dissent from various parts of the Cham ber.) The Honourable Gentleman then alluded to the resistance manifested at Rome, and declared that the responsibility of the blood of the unfortunate soldiers of France who had fallen, must fall on the Minis ters who had directed the French troops to march to Rome.—(Tremendous cheering on the Left here burst forth.) The Minister of Foreign Affairs, when interro gated two days back by the Committee of Foreign Affairs, had declared that the French troops had been called on to advance to Rome by the population. Far from that, however, it appeared now beyond any doubt that the French corps, far ' from being received with a friendly feeling, had found barricades drawn up in their way, and had been obliged to retreat, and remain at some distance from the point at which they had at first arrived. Yet, notwithstanding, this sad catastrophe, the Government, the evening before in the Patrie, which was the organ of its communications—(Laughter)—and in the Moniteur of that morning, had spoken of the matter as to a certain extent unimportant. He, however, thought it exceed ingly grave, as here was a body of French troops looked on in Italy as intruders, as foreigners—for certainly the French were so to the Italians—nay, as robbers who entered the country without leave, and contrary to the wish of the people. The Honourable Gentleman then proceeded to read from the Moniteur passages from the speeches of M. Drouyn de Lhuys and M. 0. Barrot, with a view to show that the present conduct of the French troops in Italy was altogether at variance with the language then used. If the Ministry had then entertained any concealed, though he for his part, must denounce such conduct as shameful, and highly disrespectful to the Assembly.— (Hear, hear.) At all events this was certain, that the position of the expeditionary corps was most critical, and whether it had arisen from neglect or treason was to him altogether indifferent.—(Cheers on the Left.) The character of the French army had been debased, and its colours sullied by the check thus given to the corps under General Oudinot. New reinforcements were, it ap peared, to be sent out; but he should certainly refuse, in the most positive manner, to extend his confidence to the Ministry in any such act as that now contemplated.— (Hear, hear.) He trusted that the Assembly would insist un having a Committee appointed .seance tenante to examine the instructions sent to the General-in-Chief of the French troops at Rome, and to send in a report at once.—(Loud cheers c n the Left.) He repeated it, the position of the French troops was most cri tical. He had before him a private letter, and an article which would be published next day in a public journal, declaring that five assaults had been given by the French troops at the barricades though without success; that 150 men bad been killed, and 600 wounded.— (Movement.) Such was the bulletin of the last act as the expeditionary column to Rome. If the Assembly, under such circumstances, did not protest, by a solemn vote, against the conduct of the Government, the influ euce of France would be lost in Europe, and the expe ditions of the Monarchy to support the cause of liberty would be found infinitely more worthy of praise than those of the Republic. • The Hon. Gentleman then al luded to the fact of France having formerly sent troops to Amt rica to free that country from, he said, English tyranny, and concluded by calling on the Ministry to come forward and declare wLat course it now intended to pursue, under the sad circumstances which he had spoken of.—(Loud cheers on the Left.) After a short discussion M.: Odilon Barrot agreed to the appointment of a committee to examine the in structions given by the Government to General Oudinot, commander of the expeditionary force to Rome. The following were the Members elected.—MM. Freston, Gravy, Gouin, General Lamoriciere, Dupont de Bassac Languinais, Roger du Loiret, Subervie, Cha voix, Coquerel, Dubodan, Scholoner, Goudchaux, A. Rosseau, and Senard. At nine o'clock the sitting was resumed, but it was half-past ten before the members of the Committee entered the Chamber. Even then M. Marrast said that some time must still elapse before th e report could be ready. A little before eleven M. Senard, the reporter, ascended the tribune, and announced the examination by the Committee of the instructions given to the chief of the expeditionary column. It stated that as the idea of the Assembly had been that the expedition sent to Civita Vecchia ought to remain there unless Austria moved on Rome, or a counter-revolution in that city rendered an advance necessary, the Committee consi dered that more had been done than had been intended, and it, therefore, proposed the following resolution:— " The National Assembly invites the Government to take without delay such measures as may be necessary, in order that the Italian expedition may be no long er diverted from the object for which it was intended. " — (Prolonged sensation.) A Voice from the Left—But that does not signify much. The Minister of Foreign Affairs—The report which has just been read points out a discrepancy between the instructions sent to the commandant of the expedition ,autdhatthethoebj a a n n n d t u h n o c s e e d p o b i y n t t e h d e o G u o t y e b r y n m t b e e n t A . s slum bAs semblyorderly- reaath m e ay in b st e ru a c b t l i e on t s o t g u i d v g e e n of to thi G s d en is e c r r a e l pa o nc u y d , in l ot w — ill (Cries of " Hear, hear.") They are as follow General, I have already made known to you that by an order of the President of the Republic you are called on to interfere with the Roman government, which we have never recognised. Nov, in this crisis, which has become inevitable, the duty of the government is to take the measures necessary to maintain the influence of France in the Italian peninsula, and to establish an order of things on bases conformably to the interests of the people. Although you have not to interfere in de finitive negotiations, you will have to receive from the established authorities all the propositions, and to accom plish with them all the arrangements which circum stances may demand, taking care in the forms observed not to do anything that may appear like a recognition of the principle established at Rome." A Voice on the Left—That is shameful. It is treason. —(Violent tumult.) ;,The Minister of Foreign Affairs—l do not understand that interruption. has is not been many times repeated from this tribune that we do not recognise the Govern ment at Rome. " You will find annexed," continues the instructions, " a copy for your correspondence with the authorities. We have reason to expect that you will be well received, by some as a liberator, by others a medi• ator, useful against the dangers of reaction—" A Voice on the Left—He was received with musket shots. The President of the Council—When an explanation is demanded from the Ministry, they should be listened to without interruption. The Minister of Foreign Affairs continued to read the instructions, in which the general was recommended to confine himself to the wishes of the great majority of the people. A Voice on the Left—That wish has been clearly manifested The Minister of Foreign Affairs—Does the Assembly wish to hear me read the instructions? If not, I will leave the tribune. — (Cries o f " G o on, g o on.") M. Breves —It is a disgrace for France—we cannot contain our indignation. The Minister of Foreign Affairs—The instructions add, "Your march on Rome will doubtless facilitate the denouement by inspiring the honest part of the people with courage."—(Viols nt burst of murmurs.) On the Lett—Whom do you mean by honest people? The reartionists, the Jesuits, and the priesthood? The Minister of Foreign Affairs continued—" Such are the instructions I now give you—your judgment will supply the rest." You, therefore, see, that the object of the instructions was to prev4 , nt internal reaction and the interference of any foreign influence except that of Franca. Oa the Left—A bad pretext. The Minister of Foreig❑ Affairs—What do you mean by a pretext? Are you then ignorant that reaction was preparing in the interior, and that Naples and Austria were both marching troops towards the Roman State? We wished to arrest the excesses which might take place. M. Dupont (de Bussac)—The Neapolitan and Aus trian intervention hid not commenced when the French cxpediti()n sailed. The Minister of Foreign Affairs—l beg., the lion. Gentleman to choose one of two systems, either to speak from the tribune or to open a dialogue. lam prepared to miet him on either ground. We had no sympathy for the Roman Republic. On the Left—No; nor any other. The Minister of Foreign Affairs.--It W nO OUT business to defend it. and not to afford the relaxation that might be hoped for, our own unwise and selfish policy would be re ciprocated, and the intimations that have already been conveyed to us would be speedily realised. Political animosities would arise that might probably disturb the' peace of the world, that would perhaps lead to a general war, and that would undoubtedly produce new fetters and restrictions to trade and commerce. We cannot conclude our notice of this admirable speech without giving the concluding reasons with which the Noble Lord summed up his arguments. " The reason," said his Lordship, " the reason why he did not anticipate any risk to their commerce—any damage to their shipping, or any danger to their national defences, but the contrary, from the present measure was this—because he believed that the sure, though perhaps the gradual, effect of the measure would be to give increase of employment, en larged activity, and renewed vigour to the general trade and commerce of the country, and because he believed it was the commerce of the country, stimulating their agri- culture, rewarding their manufactures, and developing every branch of industry, which was the main cause that gave employment to their fleets, that guaranteed permanence and security to their national defences, that bad hitherto made this country the mistress of the sea, and that, with the blessing of the Almighty, would also keep her so." Earl GREY was not less successful in his very able address than his distinguished colleague. His Lord ship justly characterised the doctrines on which the navigation• laws were founded as the " barbarous and disgraceful principles of monopoly," and which if adopted by foreign nations to the same extent as by ourselves, would put an end to the warehousing system, and involve the numerous classes dependent thereon in unqualified ruin. Those principles are indeed " barbarous and disgraceful," a shame and reproach to a civilized nation in the middle of the 19th century, and GOD forbid that our country should ever again be subjected to their malign in fluences, bringing misery and destitution upon the industrious classes, and without in the slightest degree benefiting any person whatsoever. As might have been expected from the official station of the Noble Earl, he entered fully into the effects that would be produced on our colonies, snore espe cially on the Canadas, and declared, with re ference to our North American possessions, that the relaxation of the navigation-laws was a measure dictated by policy and prudence, and that if their Lordships refused to sanction the Bill then under discussion, it would inflict a blow on our mutual relations with that important colony, from which they would not speedily recover. Lord STANLEY'S speech was bold, showy, and declamatory, got up with considerable oratorical skill, but wholly failing to convince the reason, or influence the judgment. In these respects it could not bear a comparison with the admirable displays of the Noble Earls to which we have already alluded. We may now congratulate the nation on this most important step in the right direction. Although the majority was small, it may be regarded as conclusive as to the fate of the measure, the principle of which has now been sanctioned by both Houses of Parlia ment, and we cannot suppose that there will be any alterations in the details to render it objectionable to the large and decisive majority by which it was carried in the popular branch of the Legislature. Hungary has declared herself an independent Re public, and has proclaimed Louis KOSSUTH her First President. On the 14th of April this glori ous vengeance was wreaked upon Austria—the representatives issuing their solemn decree in the ,presence of a vast multitude at Debreczin. By that decree the dynasty of Hapsburg. Lorraine was formally deprived of its sovereignty over Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and all the provinces apper taining to the Hungarian territory, the Imperial family having, by its crimes forfeited the sceptre of St. STEPHEN. In the noble oration of the Pro visional President it was justly urged in vindication of the course now adopted by the population, through the medium of its representatives, that the Austrian dynasty had wilfully invoked the wrath of Hungary, having repaidher services with ingratitude and her al legiance with treachery, and that the people were conse quently only exercising in their own behalf the inde feasible rights of free men in shaking off the yoke of Sovereigns capable of endeavouring to enforce dupli city by slaughter. After submitting fur 300 years to the supremacy of Austria, the Hungarians have at length vindicated their ancient glory, by repelling their tyrants and perfecting their emancipation, un der the guidance of their heroic captains and of their patriotic statesmen. None but dullards will fail to recognise the fad that the Cabinet of 011mutz has drawn down upon itself this great catastrophe. Even the most infatuated admirers of the Viennese Govern ment are compelled to acknowledge that the late war, so far as the Hungarians were con cerned, was a war dictated in accordance with the holiest principles of justice. In the organs of that English aristocratic faction which is identical in policy with the reactionnaires of the continent, it is confessed that the incursion of the Germans under WINDISCHGRATZ, beyond the frontiers of Austria, was to say the least of it, a blunder. The Diet at Debreczin was consequently only repeating the thought which had already forced itself upon the consciousness of Europe, when it charged the dynasty of Hapsburg-Lorraine with perjury and treachery in dismembering the territorial in tegrity of the land by separating Croatia and Transylvania from the rest of the Hungarian dominions, and in consummating that:cri minal and execrable policy by bringing the calamities of fire and sword upon the loyal and unoffending Hungarians. For, be it remembered, that the de thronement of the Emperor is an after thought con sequent upon the miseries, and cruelties, and massacres inflicted upon that country in his name, and by the hands of his soldiers. Previous to the invasion of Hungary the Hungarians had preserved their allegiance unsullied. If their Sovereign had not kept his word, they had kept theirs sacredly. It is the Austrian EMPEROR and not the Hungarian people—to quote the solemn words of the "Declaration of Independence"—who has torn up the pragmatic sanction, and sundered the bond of their mutual con nexion Whatever the partizans of the Viennese Ministry may maintain at the present moment — that is what history will proclaim in recounting the liberation of Hungary by the sword of BEM and the genius of KOSSUTH. Together with the First President, Lours Kos suns, there were elected to shlre with him the re sponsibilities of the government of the new Hun garian Repablic, EMERICH CZACZVARZ and STEPHEN GOROVE. Under their direction a democratic Administration has by this time been organized, and plans have doubtless been deliberated for the conduct of the new campaign which must be commenced very shortly against the combined forces of Austria and Russia. Simply contrasting the strength of Hungary with that of the Russo- Austrian Coalition, we grant that there would be most serious cause to tremble for the result of this momentous struggle. But, happily for the Hunga rians, they have on their side the sacred inspi ration of justice, the supreme excitement of liberty, the glowing recollection of their recent successes, the memory of their accient renown—to the north Poland, to the south Turkey with the Danubian Provinces, and to the east all those races who are slumbering in chains on the shores of the Black Sea, and who only await the summons of opportunity to carry dismay and em harassment into the very stronghold of the AUTOCRAT. If the Poles and the Turks do not rise in aid of the Hungarians pouring down upon the opposite flanks of the united armies of despoti..m, then will War , aw deserve to be garrisoned for ever by Foreign soldiery, and Constantinople merit that downfal which is reserved for her by the fleets Of NICHOLAS. We cannot anticipate, however, any such suicidal inertness on the part of Gallicia, or of Moldo-Wallachia. Selt-defence incites them to take part with those heroic hands of the Magyars who have conquered successively the veteran troops Of WELDEN 7 Of JELLACIIICLI, and of WINDISCIIGRATZ; who have crossed successively in triumph the waters of the Theiss, the Waag, and of the Danube; who have captured, one after another, the cities of Her • manstadt, of Pesth, of Waitzen, and of Comorn. For the salvation of Lemberg and Bucharest it is im. cumbent apon the Gallicians and the Moldo-Wal- lachians to co-operate with the Hungarian Republi- cans in repulsing the legions of Austria and of the AUTOCRAT. Then will LOUIS - 405STITII, the Hun• WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 9, 1849, On the Left—Nor to destroy it. The Minister of Foreign Affairs—The sending an exp Edition to Civita Vecchia might show the possibility of resistance, and the use of force. The principle of the Government is to shield its agents with its responsi bility until completely in posse lion of facts. I repeat that we have not as yet received any communication beyond the telegraphic dispatch. It is certain that General Oudinot had no intention t o a t tac k R oma . He left Civita Vecchia with only 5,000 men, without artillery, and without the necessary means to take a city by force. He had no intention of the kind. On his landing at Civita Vecchia he had been received with cries of "Long live the French nation," " Long live General Oudinot," and a depu tation was sent to him from a neighbouring town to re quest him to send a detachment of French soldiers to prevent the excesses of the foreign volunteers which sought to enter the place. I repeat, we cannot possibly judge of the conduct of the general by the shreds of in formation which have reached us, and particularly by the letter which M. Flocon has read. The postscript of that letter is rather curious. If General Oudinot has met with more or less resistance, is that a reason to suppose that he has not been celled for by the wishes of the people? The conclusion of the committt eis tanta mount to demanding that our army should retire to Ci • vita Vecchia. and that it should give place to the Nea politans and the Austrians, and that the ,Government cannot order. long discussion followed, and on a division the resolution of the Committee was carried by a majority of 87; the numbers being, for it, 328 ; against it, 241. This result, which must be considered as implying censure on the Ministry, was received with loud cheers and clapping of hands on the Left, and with cries of " Vive la Republique." The Chamber adjourned at a quarter past one o'clock. A report was current that General OUDINOT was about to be replaced by General BEDEAU, such a de cision having been come to at a Council of Ministers. The following appears in the National:— " THE ENVOY OP ROME, IN THE NAME OF THE ROMAN PEOPLE, TO HIS BROTHERS OF FRANCE. gs A sanguinary combat has taken place between the inhabitants of Rome and the children of France, whom rigorous orders urged against our homes. The senti ment of military honour commanded them to obey their chiefs; the sentiment of patriotism ordered us to defend our liberties and our country, Honour is saved, but at what a price! May the t err ibl e responsibility be averted from us, who are united b y the bonds of charity. May even the culpable be pardoned—they are sufficiently punished by remorse. " Health and fraternity. "L. FaeroLu, Colonel, " Envoy Extraordinary of the Roman Republic at Paris." La Patrie st a t es that the A ustrians have entered Bologna, and that General D'ASPRE is marching on Leghorn, at the request of the GRAND DUKE. In consequence of the news from Italy. orders were given at Toulon, on the 4th inst., that the artillery men of the s i ege b attery of Toulon should instantly embark for Italy. BOURSE —PARIS. TUESDAY, MAY 8. THREE o'CLocx.—The French Rentes opened to-day at 4 per cent. below the closing prices of yesterday, but as the day advanced confidence increased, and they ulti mately closed rather more than 4 per cent. higher than yesterday. Exchange on London (30 days), 2.5 30; ditto (90 days), 25 11. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, MAY 8. Boulogne and Amiens, 74—Northern of France, 10 3 / 1 — East Indian, 3!; i ex in.—Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), 14 Paris and Strasbourg, Aix—Rouen and Havre, 1018. SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 3d have been received. They cDntain no intelligence of importance. MADRID BoLsa, MAY 3.—Three per Cents., 25a ; Five per Cents., 10i GERMANY AND THE NORTHERN STATES. THE REVOLUTION IN SAXONY. The people in Dresden have been completely vic torious, and have appointed a Provisional Govern ment. The city of Leipsic has also joined the movement. The civic authorities of the latter city have placed themselves under the protection of the Central Government at Frankfort, and have dis patched assistance to the Provisional Government at Dresden. ann A ou p n r c o e c s lt , ""n on at t i h o the frate rn i sa ti on o f some o f th e tr o ops with the the , part published o f the P by r the i o D h a r l e s G d o e v n e G r e e t h t e t thetpheee p a le, i latest lalne accounts theeao and dn surrender t rii of e no t h tc e ce avp civic e dg n u a i an l , r d w . hi common h up b t y o In the Neustadt (the part of Dresden occupied by the troops) a royal proclamation appeared on the sth instant, announcing that the KING, in consequence of the excesses committed on the 3d and 4th instant, and the dereliction of duty on the part of the civic guard, had been obliged to leave the capital for the fortress of Konig - stein, in the so-called Saxon Swit zerland. His MAJESTY adds, that in refusing to ucknowledgc the Constitution for Germany, he is acting for the good of fatherland; expresses the hope that he may be soon able to return to the metro polis, and declares that during his absence mea sures have been taken for carrying on the busi ness of Government. The proclamation is signed 66 FREDERICK AUGUSTUS" and " Dr. FERDINAND ZSCHINSKY." To this p roc l amation was ap pended another, signed by two Ministers, and announcing that they had neither abandoned the KING nor the Government of i the cou n t ry ; that they re turned to their posts immediately after they found his MAJESTY safe ; and that they protest against the appointment of a Provisional Government. Previou,ly to the commencement of the insurrec tion in Dresden, the Ministry issued a species of manifesto, setting forth that the assent of the Government of Saxony to th e d ec i s i ons of the Frankfort National A ssembly was necessary for rendering them binding in that Kingdom ; that Ministers had endavoured to bring about a con cordance between that assembly and the respective Governments of Germany ; that it could not be ex pected that Saxony should renounce its independence whilst other states of Germany, particularly Prussia, " without which a German empire cannot be ever thought of," refuses to acknowledge the Constitution voted by the National Assembly. So soon as Prus sia, however, should recognize that Constitution, Saxony would follow the example. This manifesto is signed " Dr. ZSCHINSRY, VON BEREST. RUBEN' HORST." Some Prussian troops arrived at Dresden on the sth PRUSSIA. It was reported at Berlin on the sth that the pea sants had risen in Lower Silesia, and had destroyed the railroad, in order to prevent the passage of the Russian troops to Hungary. AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY. - We announced exclusively in the fourth edition of ;The Sun of last evening, that Hungary had declared her independence, and had chosen KOSSUTH as Pre sident of the Exeeutive. We now publish in extenso— THE HUNGARIAN DECLARATION OF INDE, PENDENCE. The 14th of April, 1849, is an eternal era in the his tory of Hungary. The representatives of the nation assembled on this day at Debreczin, in their accustomed house of meeting, to resolve one of the leading questions of their great mission, and to decide the lot of Hungary, in relation to the ruling dynasty of Hapsburg-Lorraine. In order, however, that the resolutions to be taken might be at tended with the publicity and solemnity befitting so great an occasion, the sitting was held in the great Reformed Church, in presence of thousands of the people. Ludwig Kossuth, President of the Committee of National Defence, reported upon the battles won, and the victorious career of oar brave army. Then he declared that now the time was come for Hungary to strip off the shackles which she had worn for three hundred years, and to take the rank which she deserved among Euro pean states. Now, once for all, must she renounce all submission to the sceptre of a dynasty which had repaid her services with ingratitude and her allegiance with treachery. Thi s decree of the National Assembly was longed for by the nation, who had borne with loyal and patriotic readiness the burdens of their struggle for liberty ; it was demanded by the army, which had poured forth its blood so liberally to save the country; it was necessitated by circumstances, in order that Hun gary might be properly represented at the European Congress which was contemplated, in order to settle the new face of things in some more possible shape than the entirely broken up old one was. In one word, the country, the world, God, all required from the House of It, pt.( sentatives this final resolution. The President of the Government then proposed the following motions : " 1. Hungary, together with Transylvania, and all parts, lands, and provinces appertaining to the Hunga rian kingdom, is publicly proclaimed as a free and in dependent European State. The unity of its surface is declared indivisible, and its integrity inviolable. 2. The House of Hapsburg- Lorraine, through its treachery, perjury, and employment of armed force against the Hungarian nation, no less than through the boldness with which it has dismembered the territorial integrity of the land, by severing from Hungary, Croatia and Transylvania, slit inked nut from the slaughter of the people with armed forces, has, with its own hands, torn up the pragmatic sanction, and sundered that bond, which, upon, the bas e o f a mutual connexion, subsisted between the said house and Uungary with its annexed lands. This perjured house of Hapsburg-Lorraine is for ever excluded from the aoveignty of Hungary, Tran sylvania, and the parts, provinces, and lands appertain ing to the Hungarian kingdom, in the name of the na tion, deposed, and banished from the enjoy went of the ground and all civic rights. "3. While Hungary, acenrintig LP 114 inaeleaaible natural rights, enters into the Luropean family of states as a semi dependent, independent, and tree state, she declares at the same time that it is her firm resolve to observe towards all the other states, as long as her own rights remain 'uninjured, relations of peace and friend • ship, especially towards those states which were hereto fore united with and under the same sovereign, and to live on terms of good understandin;; as well with the Turkish empire a; with the DaHui states, and to lay with these the foundation of a friendly intercourse upon reciprocal interests. " 4. Tne future system of government will in all its details bi- brought to completion by the National Assem bly. Meantime, until this is done, the country in its whole extent will be governed by a President of the Government, with the Ministers, to be appointed by him, at his side, under his own and their personal re sponsibility. - The representatives of the nation, with one will and one voice, accepted the motion of the President, KOSSUTH; and thousands of the people expressed with the most fervid enthusiasm, their unanimous ad herence to the resolutions cf their representatives. Upon the 4th proposition of LUDWIG KOSSUTH the house chose him by acclamation for First President of the Government under the new order of things. The committee of three chosen consists of KOSSUTH, EMERICH CZACZVARZ, and STEPHEN GOAGYE• The President of the Upper House, Baron PERENG, put to the vote, on the same day, the resolutions adopted in the Lower, which were passed with enthu siastic unanimity, all the members rising up from their seats. South Sea Stock Consols for Account Exchequer Bills. 1%(.1. & 2d. 1,0001. June 45 p 500/. Juno Small. June PRICES OF FOREIGS k liikiDS c;rirk: O',LOCK. 99 1 ,4 911/2 47 p 47 p 47p OLCII , ,Q PRICES. Brazilian Bonds - Ditto, Small 79 Danish Bonds, 1825, 3 per Cent.- Ditto, 5 per cent. Scrip, 1849 — Ditto, Bonds Equador Bonds Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846, with Coupons Ditto, Account, Ditto, Ex Coupons ...... Ditto, Account ••• •• ...• Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cents — eortuguese 5 per Cents. — Ditto, 4 per Cent 2875 itussian Bonds .. — S?anish 5 per Cent. 1840, Ditto, Account 1 7 14, Ditto, 3 per Cent .... 3314 Venezuela Bonds, 2 1 4 per Cent '2s Dividends on the above payable in London. Fiutch 2% per Cent., 12 Guild 5 O l /2 50 49% Ditto. 4 per Cent. Certificates 77% q 77 PRICES OF BUSINESS DONE CLOSING A,L WA Y SHARES. PA ID. Aberdeen 5O ... 18% lB% ::.ristol and Exeter 9O ... .. 57 ..... ...... -. 3uckinghainshire ... 16/. 46. ';'aledonimn Do. Quarters ......... 12 Do. New 101. Pref lO ... .. 11% ...... .. ..... ihester and Holyhead 5O Ditto, Preference I , :astern Counties....... 20 ...... 7 4 ii 8 ... ... Do. New, Gua. 6 per et. 10 Ditto, Extension, 5 per Cent., No. 1 6/. 13s. 4d.... Ditto ditto, No. 2 61. 13s. 4d... par Eastern Union, Class A (late E. U. Shares) 25 Do. Scrip (6 per cent.) 20 ...... 19 19'/ .. Ditto, New Quarters 614 Great Northern - ...... Do., -' 4 A Deferred Do., 1 4 B 6 per Cent... 7% — 4 . neat North of England.loo Ditto, New, 40/ 4O Ditto, ditto Ditto, New.ls/... ...... 14 .. Great Western 100 ..... 80 81 Ditto, 4 Shares 5O Ditto, 1 4 Shares Ditto, New 17/... ... . 15 ... .. 1014 4 L 4 Hull and Selby .. ...... 50 ...... Lancashire & Yorkshire 93 ..... Ditto, ditto Do. Fifths.. Do. Sixteenths 6 14 4 4 3 / a Do. Thirds l5 ..... 5:% 4 ••• Do. New Guaranteed 6 per Cent . .. Do. (W. Riding Union) 9 Leeds and Bradford ... London & Black wall ..... . 12 1 4 3 O4 ... .. ......... London, Brighton, and South Coast ___ 50 Do. ['ref. .5 per cent.... 50 - London and N. Western 100 127 1271,5 126% Ditto, Fifths ..... .. .. 2 ....„, 7 Lond. & w stern 5O «.... 34 ... Do.. New Scrip, 1848, Pi et: 7 per Cent. on Deposit, and 5 per Cent. on Calls Midland Do., do., 50/. Shares , .. 25 ... .. Do. Birm., and Derbyloo Do.Consol. Bristol and Birming.,6 per ct.... 100 ......123 N:irth British ....... ... 25 .... Ditto, Halves .. Ditto, Quarters - 3 %a ••• • • • Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton ... .. 50 Reading, Guildford, and Reigate Shropshire Union South Devon 5O ...... 16 14% ... ... S-itith 14'fistern Do., Scrip No 4 South Wales 33 ...... 14 Wear Valley 6 per Cent. Guaranteed .. .. 50 ...... Do. do. do. ... 25 York, Newcastle .. _ le, and Berwick... ....... 25 Do. Newcastle E - den. 20 .. ..... D. Do. G.N.E.P re f erence 8 .. York and No r th Midl an d 50 Ditto. Preference ...... 10 1..0. East and West Rid ing Extension FOREIGN RAILWAY S. Boulogne and Amiens... 20 Central of F . _ 'ranee (Or- Vierzon) Northern of France— 13 Orleans and Bordeaux.. 7 Paris and Rouen .. . Paris and Str as b ourg ... 10 Rouen and Ilavre ...... 20 ...... 10 1 / 2 3 4 Tours and Nantes .. 11 .... ........ 9314 3.34 31% 29% 60 287 , 104 17% 33 LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY. LONDON, MAY 9.—Wind this day at noon N.N.W fresh breeze, and cloudy. PWLDELI, MAY s.—Ski. Agnes, giebec. BRISTOL, MAY B.—Wind E.—Sid. 7th, Independent Richi bo cto. COWES. MAY B.—Wind N.E.—Arrd. sth, Orator, Homan, MatanzAs. Bth, Milugro, Larrinaga, Havannah. DEAL, MAY S.—Wind N.E. to N.N.E., strong and squally.—Arrd. 4th, Gord, Vertromo, Batavia, for Am sterdam. Arrd. from the River and aid., Bth, Panama, Mat, fort Philip; h'LLichionc..., of Dou g l2.A. Arthur. Singapore; Commodore, Pratt, Rio Janeiro; Theodosia, Ros, Demo -Tara; John Scott, Muirhead, ditto; Creole, Colford, Do►uinica; Jacob, Johansen, St. Croix; High land Mary, Smith, New York. Corm, MAY 7.—Wind E.S.E.—SId. sth, Duke of Argyle, Calcutta; Nile, ditto. 6th, Don F. Henriques, Caminha. DUBLIN. MAY 6.—Sid. Wanderer, Trinidad: CHURCH BAY, MAY 7.—Arrd. Compeer, Brown, St. PORTSMOUTH, MAY B.—The Windgate Grange, Barker, was hove elf the Sand Head last night, and towed into harbour by a Government steam• tug, and placed on the mud. LIVERPOOL, MAY B.—Wind E.—Arrd. 7th, Lord Stanley, Peters, Bombay; Argo, Milli) New Orlean s . 7th, Sld., East L on d on , H a lif ax. B,h, Ting, Singapore; Loodianah, Calcutta; Vanguard, Buenos Ayres; Emilia, Rio Jan , -iro; Alice Jane, Jamaica; Tyringham, New York; Jamestown, ditto; Ilottinguer, ditto; St. John, Staten Inland; Grenada, Boston; Sir Henry Pottinger, Quabec; Greenock, ditto; Euxine, ditto; John and Thomas, Newfoundland. IN THE CHANNEL, MAY s.—Arrd. Ceres, Demerara, out 64 days; Lady Caroline, St. John's, New Brunswick. ITALY. A letter from Rome gives the following particular of the victory of the Roman Republicans over th French invading army : "It is known that after having organized Civita Vecchia, of which the command had been given to Colonel Blanchard, of the 36th, General Oudinot took up a position within a few leagues of Rome, hoping, no doubt, that the presence of the expeditionary corps would determine a movement against the trium viral government. His expectations were not realised. A company of the first battalion of tirailleurs, sent on to the gates of Rome, having been received with musket shots, retired in good order, and soon after part of the division advanced and penetrated without much difficulty into the enceinte of the capital, of which the streets were barricaded; but they were received by a well-fed fire of musketry, and a storm of missiles from the windows and roofs of the houses. The 20th of the line, which was in the front, was severely treated; a com pany of voltiguers of that regiment was almost totally destro3 ed. At last, seeing the impossibility of continuing a struggle which became fatal, General Oudinot ordered the retreat, and the expeditionary corps occupies at this moment a strong position near Rome. We had about 200 men killed, of whom some are officers; amongst them is M. Farras, aide-de-camp of General Oudinot, and several hundreds wounded." General OUDINOT requires reinforcements in artil lery and infantry. The Orenoque had disembarked at Civita a battalion of the 66th Regiment, which did not stop in Civita, but proceeded at once to join the main body. Letters from Turin state that the treaty between Austria and Sardinia is on the point of being con cluded. The only matter of difference being the amount of the indemnity. Austria demands 100,000,000f.—Sardinia offers 80,000,0001. DEATH . OF SIR ROBERT WILSON. (THIS DAY.) We deeply regret to announce the death of one of our most distinguished men. Generid Sir Robert T. Wil son, K.M.T., 84c., breathed his last this morning at eight o'clock, after a brief illness ; he rose at half•past seven o'clock, and very shortly afterwards expired. Sir Robert Wilson, at the time of his death, was Colonel of the 15th Hussars; on his first entrance into that corps he was one of a gallant band of young officers who released the Em peror of Austria from a position of difficulty. He after wards served in Egypt, Spain, and Portugal, and raised and organised the Lusitanian Legion, with which corps he rendered essential service to our army in the Penin sula, and was subs, quently the British Commissioner with the Russian army during Napoleon's campaign; and it was he who saved the Russians against a secret plot for putting them into the hands of the French. Sir Robert represented Southwark in Parliament. He recently re linquished the governorship of Gibraltar. We believe Sir R. Wilson was about 75 years of age. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, QUARTER TO TIII?EE. The Cotto n Market at Liverpool yesterday closed firm, and, compared with Friday's rates, prices of Ame rican were per lb. dearer. Surat has regained the decline of last week. The transactions included 500 American for export, and 1,500 on speculation. The sales were estimated at 7,000 bales, and comprised about 5,500 American at 3itt to 40., 600 Pollan's and Maranhams at 44d., 300 Surats at 3d. to 3id., and 40 Sea Islands at lOid. per lb. The trade in Mark-lane is exceedingly dull again to day, and prices are almost nominal. The arrivals com prise only 330 qrs. of English, but 15,550 of foreign wheat, and 16 310 of oats. We noticed yesterday the commencement of the Indigo auctions, and that they were going off at about February rates, and we now give further particulars. The sales comprise 8,911 chests. the qualities of the Bengal are about three fourths good and tine, and one-fourth mid and ord. The Madras and Kurpah, one-third ord, and two-thirds good and fine. The Oude chiefly ord. There was a fair attendance both of home and f,,seign buyers; before the sales opened upwards of 1,100 chests were announced as t Wl.tlrawn after which the sale commenced with a parcel of good Bengal The competition was moderate, arid all sold at about February's rates, which have ranged throughout the day; 1.903 chests have passed the chair; 151 were bought in; 1,073 were withdrawn, leaving 679 sold. The Foreign Exchanges yesterday were rather lower in some instances. From Pernambuco accounts of March 24 have been received. All was quiet at that date, and no insurrec tion of the slaves had occurred, as was stated in recent advices received by way of the West ledies. The decision upon the Navigation Bill has given much satisfaction in the City, and there is a stronger impres sion now that the Bill will pass. The majority is cer• tainly not large, but it serves to show how closely it had been calculated, for we stated yesterday, under this head, that it was expected to be 10 or 15. The tenor of the foreign news has still a depressing influence upon the Funds, and it is rather supposed that the speculative account is Bullish. Saturday, which is settling day, will decide this, but we are of opinion that there has not been enough doing during the past three or four weeks to render the settle ment heavy one way or the other. The Money Market acts quite as much upon prices as any other cause, but could not sustain it in the face of adverse political, eircum'tances, because capitalists and the public would prefer in such case to keep their balances idle. We ob serve in many quarters, within the last few days, less confidence as respects the settling down of European affairs, and Germany especially is looked to with increasing solicitude. This, it should be remarked, is a feeling that has gained ground among parties who were, until lately, rather sanguine of a different and more favourable result. Consols hare this morning been 914 4, and since 91i 4 for Transfer; and 914 4 for Account. The New Three-and-a• Quarter per Cents, have realised 91 to 914. Bank Stock is worth 1921 to 194. Exchequer -bills have been 455. premium. The Amsterdam Bourse was rather feebler on Mon day, though with a fair business doing in Dutch Stock, Foreign Securities were lower generally. The committee of the. Stock Exchange having had their attention called to the fact of spurious Peruvian Bonds being in circulation, are using exertions to assist M. Murrietta in ascertaining whether such exists to any extent. The idea is that the forgeries will not prove large, and it is rather a matter of surprise that after the lapse of twenty-four years, durin g which no dividend had been paid, and conse quently there has been no official verification of the Bonds, greater irregularities or frauds should not have been discovered. It reflects credit, to say the least, upon the manner in which business is done in the Stock- Exchange. The Foreign Securities generally are very quiet this morning, thoughas regards South Ameri can B on d s t h ey should rather be better than worse the more European Stocks become precarious. Spanish Three per Cent. Bonds have realised 334, and Portuguese Four per Cents. 284; Brazilian Small Stock has been marked 79; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. have been 50 to 504; Mexi can are 314 to 4, As in the railway world hardly any subject is of more immediate interest than the result of to-morrow's meet ing of Eastern Counties shareholders, we may take occasion to observe that the members of the so called Eastern Counties Shareholders' Protection Association, when they assembled yesterday approved of the general tenor of the report of the Committee of Investigation, but dissented upon one of the most important items, viz., the advisability of an amalgamation with the Norfolk line. Now this is an instance of the difference of opinion that may exist upon the most vital points in railway economy, and should serve as some plea for errors of commission and omission on the part of boards of direction. The committee of investigation consider the Norfolk line to be essential to the prosperity of the Eastern Counties; Mr. Hudson held a contrary opinion, and now his strongest censurers coincide with him! At the meeting of to-morrow, proposals that have been made for working the line in a cheaper manner, will probably be made known, for such proposals, it is publicly stated, have been made. Whether an extensive line can be worked by private contract is yet a mere matter of speculation, but shareholders will naturally encourage the development of any project calculated to save ex pense without prejudicing efficiency. The experiment, we conceive, must be first tried on a small scale, and where the saving is to be made will be rather in wear and tear, coke, &e., than in wages, for the sutiordinate officials are hard worked, and comparatively poorly paid. The North Western line, from the great experience of its directors should be worked as cheaply as any, and it appears that savings are being Effected. This encou rages the hope of changes for the better on other lines, and Eastern Counties are better, though North Western and Great Western have further declined. The French Shares are not so good. ONE CLOSING en cy:m ~F tsItITD(II FUNDS. rei LOGIC. FBICES Hank Stock 3 per Cent. Reduced Anus ...... 3 i er Cent. Consols Annuities 91%44 %% 91.4 New 3!‘ per Cent. Anu5...... 9 1 1 4% 91 91 1 / 8 Long Anna. to expire Jan. 1860 -16 844. . 8 5 4 Dltto; 80 sutra, dot. 10, 1839 Ditto 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 B% 8 13-16 8 13-16 India Stock India Bonds, 1,0004 MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY. CORN EXCHANGE —WEDNESDAY The total arrival of English Wheat for our market this week has been only 330 quarters. Notwithstand ing that the show of samples of both Red and White on offer in to-day's market was very trifling, the demand for all descriptions, owing to the continued heavy im ports from abroad, ruled extremely inactive, at barely Monday's reduction in the quotations. Upwards of 15,000 quarters of foreign Wheat have come to hand, and the supply of that grain on offer was extensive. The millers purchased cautiously, and late rates were with difficulty supported. In floating cargoes no trans actions took place. No English Barley at market, but the supply of foreign was good. All kinds moved off slowly, at barely late rates. In Malt so little business was transacted that prices were almost nominal. The Oat trade was in a very depressed state, and the cur rencies bad a downward tendency. Beans, Peas, and Indian Corn were held at full quotations. Flour was lower to purchase. ARRIVALS THIS WEEK. I Wheat. I Barley. I Oats. I Flour. 330 qrs. I -- qrs. 50 qrs.' 89045 t, English ...... Scotch ...... _ 15,550 I 5,410 I 16,310 I -- Malt, 1,870 qrs. BOROUGH 1110 P IVIARIEET. Fine Hops still move off steadily, at full prices. In other kinds scarc.ly any business is doing Sussex pockets, 2/ 4s to 21 18s ; W ea ld o f Kent ditto, 2l 12s to 3/ 8s; Mid and East Kent ditto, 31 58 to 6118 s per cwt. WILITECIIAPEL. Our market was tolerably steady on the following terms:—Beef, from 28 2d to 38 2d; Mutton, 2s 6d to 3s 61; Limb, 4s 8d to 5s 10d ; Veal, 3s 2d to 4s; and Pork, 3s 2d to 4s per Sibs by the carcase. rich......... 'oreign ...• •• SECONDARIES'.-(THIS DAY.) (Befure Mr. Secondary POTTER.) CANNAN V. CoOPER. The plaintiff is a fish salesman in Billingsgate Market, and defendant is a fishmonger at Ipswich. The action was brought to recover the sum or 61. 9s. 6d., for fish supplied. Defendant pleaded that he never was indebted to plaintiff. The plaintiff's son was called, and proved that he re ceived letters signed in defendant's name, giving orders, and the fish was packed up for delivery via the Eastern Counties Railway, but the men who had been employed to deliver them were not in attendance. A witness named Clarke, an accountant, was called, and proved that ho went to Ipswich and saw the defen dant, who excused himself for not answering the re• peated applications for payment by saying he could neither read nor write. He, however, said the balance was right, and he only wished for a little time. The witness then served defendant with a writ, and he (de fendant) subsequently sent a post-office order for 21. 93. 6d. The proof that this was sent by the defendant was the similarity of the handwriting, but there was no postmark. The SECONDARY said that there was clearly no proof of the delivery of the articles, but it was a qui stion for the jury whether they thought the other portion of the evidence amounted to proof: The jury found for the plaintiff for 41. CRIMINAL COURT.-(THIS DAY.) OLD COURT. At the opening of the court this morning the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor ' Mr. Justice C o lt man , an d Ai r. Alderman Gibbs, took their seats on the bench. The court was engaged the whole morning in trying a man of the name of Mivan, a sailor, for committing an offence of a disgusting nature on a lad, the particulars of which are wholly unfit tor publication. The evidence failed to make out the capital offence, and the prisoner was Acquitted on this indictment, but he was detained to take his trial on a charge of assault with intent, &c. NEW COURT. (Before the Com3.toN SERGEANT.) George Eckel-ley, aged 22, a marine, was convicted or stealing a pair of boots, the prop,rty of George Beiorcrt of Woolwich, and svutence d to s i x months' imprison. ment. MIDDLES SLSSIONS. (THIS DAY.) (Before the ASSISTANT JUDGE.) Margaret Hoare was found guilty of stealing four valuable shawls from the shop of Mr. James Butler, linendraper. _ It appeared that the prisoner, in committing the thef'• WftS accompanied by two other women (not in custody), who endp.avoured to screen her and keep the attentiot. of the prosecutor engaged, whilst she removed the shawls from Ihe counter. A policeman sta , ed that she was twice trivd lately at the Old Bailey, for shoplifting under similar circum stance, but was acquitted. The ASSISTANT-JUDGE would, in every case where two or more %omen were found together going to shops to assist each other in thieving, give the punishment, es in this case, of six months' imprisonment and bard labour. rtucti laii3ttton 2 dis NEWMARKET RACES. 11% [9 1 ,4 4 1 4 4% 5% 36 16 1 4 10 1 / 4 99 (THIS DAY.) 37% 32 5 64 1 At 12 1 / 2 421/2 16 1 4 15 3 4 2 1414 19:% 6 in, 29% 19t 13 3 4 4 AA 30 6% 10 ~p (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) Jockey Club Plate. B.C. Glutton ••• ••• ••• •• 1 Ulysses ... ... ..• • ••• ••• ••• 2 •• Nlinto . . ... ••• ••• ••• ••• 3 Three yrs old Sweepstakes. Cayenne... ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •. 1 lone ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 2 The Suffolk Stakes. .., _ . Essedarius •.• ••• e• • ••• ••• Beamlerc ••. ••• ••• •• ••• 2 Collingwood .•. •.• ••• .•• THE LAW UN LUNACY. Laws for the helpless are amongst the most charge' teristic proofs of civilisation. Attempts to break through them are equally characteristic of human nature. The man who rode a pony to death the other day sent a donation to the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The farce was absurd enough, but the principle obtained a triumph, as grotesque, albeit, as that of Silenus. Men will ride horses to death, in spite of Mr. Martin. But the general practice, at least, of ex treme cruelty will be stopped by enactments, when well backed by local organisation for the purpose of enforcing them. A habit grows in sensibly upon the carter of sparing his beast. Th• very jest passed by one man on his flagellating coca' rade, touching the danger of being too energetic when the society is on the look out, is not without its effect. It is often habit rather than feeling which induces practices of cruelty—laws and benevolent societies may alter the one, however small may be their effect on the other. A lunatic is, we fear, in a worse position than carter's horse. No one can have any interest is ill•treating the brute —many have too much inte' rest in starving the lunatic. The poor being whose very existence is an annoyance, if nothing worse, to his relatives, cannot expect that 014 should be very solicitous about preserving it. Bat when this same preservation is productive of consid derable expense into the bargain, we can easily tui derstand that average human nature becomes some' what neglectful of its duties under combined temptation and infliction. In such cases society steps i❑ and claims fair play for humanity. But fair plai , we fear, is only to be obtained where both temptation and infliction are absent. Two unfortunate persons, Peter Sharp Anstey and Henry Anstey, of whose perfect lunacy there appears to be no doubt whatever, were placed years ago in a lunatic establishment near Bristol. Their father left them the sufficient provision of 3501. each Per annum ; and one of their brothers, up to the time of his death, saw that this provision was fairly ad' ministered. On his death, some few years ago, the remaining relatives thought, naturally enough, that the money would be more comfortably enjoyed bf sane people, and they cut down the allowance, which was as much the property of the lunatics as property well can be, to 1101. per annum. The Lord Chan" cellor, who has issued a commission to inquire into the case, has inflicted no measured chastisement on these gentlemen. For ourselves, we leave them in his hands, as we have a more practical object to which we direct our observations. The present proceedings are instituted at the in: sti riend tu t i S on o i t e h t stigation of a soc i e t y ca ll e d " Th e Alleged Luna tics' 1± fora g.ra h t e existence all probabili ty , have been investigated at all. The t n c e a s w n o e u e l d o f never, such e ver an enactments in the statute book require visitations, and take care that no class of lunatics is subjected to very unfair treatment. But no Act requires any examination into the peculiar circumstances of each inrnv;dtinl, or of the propriety of placing him in the particular position in which the visitors tina With this question the visitors have nothing whatever to do. It is, therefore, left entirely to the bene volence of individuals to provide against the in' justice of a case like the one we have alluded to. The task is a thankless one—and in no other country than England, where private individuals perform so many of the local duties of Government, would such a society have even been imagined. It is one of the proudest boasts of our country, that its voluntary associations allow no aim of benevolence to escape their vigilance. Such a society can never pre vent cases of individual oppression. The honest eye cannot penetrate all the recesses of the gloomy madhouse. But the dread of its operations will have an influence, as that of its fellow society over the carter and costerinonger, in altering the tone and practice adopted towards the helpless. Perhaps not one case in fifty will be brought to light by its exertions. But even the in' justice of the remaining forty-nine will be modified by its influence. We deem it, therefore, our most bounden duty to recommend with all the force in out power this society to public support. We must add another word on a part of the matter to which we allude with reluctance. The allowance to the lunatics was, as we have stated, re duced to 1101. per annum for each. On this "paltry sum" says the petition, " they were kept in a depart ment appropriated to and living with their noisy, dirty, and idiotic, and lowest order of patients. They were, says the counsel in his speech, " confined in the worst department of the asylum with the lowest order of patients—they were never taken out for exercise, and kept in a most pitiable state—they were lodged at night in miserable rooms"—and so on with a whole catalogue of miseries. All this is sup ported by medical affidavits. Now, in the name of common sense, a little more than this might have been afforded for 2201. per annum to two patients at the _Fishponds, Bristol. 1 1 the allegations be true, not alone do es th e t rea t me nt of the patie n t s at the hands of their relatives require examination—but the manner in which they have been treated by other people. The whole case deserves the serious exatnination of the Commissioner of Lu nacy, and we trust that the matter will not reit 01 the fullest investigation has taken place on all the points of the case.—Atlas. H M -A AJESTY'S THEATRE.—Her Majesty and Prince Albert again attended the opera last night, to witness Jenny Lind's performance of Lucia. The house was crowded in every part. Roberto il Diavolo is to be produced to-morrow, when Lind will sustain the role of Alice, one of the characters which secured her first success here. YORE, WEDNESDAY MORNING.— (By Electric Telegraph )—Mr• Nicholson, one of the liirectors of the York tart North Midland iailway, and brother-in-law to Mr. Hudson, was found drowned in the river Ouse, at about halt-past nine o'clock last night. The inquest will take place this morning. LONDONDERRY, MAY 7.—The Retriever, Turpey, from St. John's, N 8., to the Clyde, which got on shore at the Island of Lewis 18th January, sailed thence on the 4th inst., but has pat in here to-day, the wind being unfavourable and the vessel making water. HARTLEPOOL, MAY 7.—A bottle, containing as follow', " Alexander Robertson, George Rogers, James Jusilow, went down on the 18th April, 1845, struck on the Gal ston Rock," was picked up on the sands, one mile north of the Black Hole Rocks, near here, 6th inst. A 14-feet °oat, with " Elizabeth Reid, James Graham," o n her stern, apparently a long time in the water, was picked up off Shoreham, by the English Rose. It is contemplated by a wealthy shipping-house in New York to establish an opposition line of steamers in the Pacific between San Francisco and Panama.—Liver' pool Albion. BIRT'S, On the sth inst., at N ewcastl H e-on-Tyne, the Lady Merl Hope Wallace, of a son, On the sth in -t., at Essex-street, Strand, the wife of F..‘• Benham, Esq., of a daughter. On the sth inst., at Wendovcr, Bucks, the wife of theßev Frederick Silver, of a son. On the sth inst., at Walton-on-Thames, the wife of the Rev. F. R. Mills, of a son. At Birmingham, on the 3d lED. inst., the Hon. and Right Bev' Edmund Knox, D.D., Lord Bishop of Limerick, aged 77. On the Ist inst., at Wkhcote.hall, Leicestershire, Henry n William Palmer, Esc'., late Captain in her Majesty's 8 " ReAment. On the sth inst., at Barrowby Rectory, the Rev J. Kente_ On the 6th i nst , Atilborne-port, Ann, widow of t he late Mr. John Pittman ' aged 89. On the 7th in s t., a t West green, Tottenham, John, Frod • sham, Esq , ag e d 66. -------- London i Printed and P u bli s h e d by MURDO youNG, V No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 11 7 ' Strand, in the Precinct (it the Savoy, in the coankir v• blldtilesex, Wednesday, May 9, 1849.