The Sun. — London, England, 1820-12-30 00:00:00

COMMERCIAL RELATIONS. It is the duty of a prudent and vigilant States man diligently to watch the policy which regu lates the conduct of his State, both in its political and commercial relations with foreign countries, and to adapt it to the'changiog circumstances of the times. There are, however, local peat . liaraties which render the adoption of certain ftaed and unalterable principles necessary to the - welfare of every State. Such principles must ever be mainly regarded in every arrangement which the circumstances of the day may suggest. Of this nature we consider the principles which gave rise to our Colonial and Navigation System, and ,the regulations in favour of our agricultural inte rests. These are essential to our well-being, and even existence as an independent State. We shall therefore always warmly deprecate any vio lation of them, and it is with deep regret we have observed the attempts lately made by interested individuals to induce his Majesty's Government to deviate from them, and, in fact, totally to abandon them. The arguments which have been used are, it is true, specious and popular, and they have been enforced with an earnestness which 'might easily be mistaken for conviction of their ac curacy and soundness, but to an attentive observer their fallacy is obvious, as well as the danger - which would attend the adoption of the measures which they are intended to support. We are led into these reflections by the re newed efforts of the Northern European Powers, to effect an alteration in the protecting duties in .favour of Timber imported from our American Colonies, and the exertions which have been made by certain classes of the commercial com munity to procure the repeal of the taxes which have been wisely imposed to protect the home interests, and particularly the agricultural. Upon the former topic we shall not at pre sent enlarge, as we have on many former oc casions laid before our Readers the great na tional objects which depend upon our adhering to the system that cherishes and protects our Colonies and Shipping ; but on the latter subject 'we shall say a few words, as a Journal, with whose views and principles it is our lot almost constantly to differ, has endeavoured to delude the public, by asserting that certain taxes and re4;ulations, so far from promoting and advancing oar agricultural prosperity, have tended to de press it, and seriously to injure our manufactur ing interests. We allude to the observations of the Morning Chronicle on the duty on Foreign Wool, which may possibly have deceived a large portion of the community, as many have not the opportunity of collecting facts necessary to the forming an accurate opinion on the subject, whilst others are. not disposed to take the trouble of investigating and understanding the question ; but those who really comprehend the merits. of the case, know that the assertion of the Morning Chronicle, that the ruin of our manufactures has arisen from the imposition of a duty on wool, is made in defiance of truth and common sense; and it is evidently of great importance at the pre sent moment, that the question should be set upan its proper hasis. The Morning Chronicle asserts, that " the duty " has- lovre•A the price of English. wools as well " as of foreign, and that the quantity has accu " mulated since the passing of the ta!‹."--,--Our Readers will be best enabled to judge of the accuracy of the Morning Chronicle by referring to results deduced from official documents ; and we shall lay'before them the'ammints of the aver age- annual importation of_ foreign vvool, and • the average amounts of the value of woollen cloths exported for various periods, from the beginning of the last century to .the present time. It appears that, during the first ten years of the last cen tury, the annual are' age importation of Wool was 677,A , 251h5., and the official value of Woollens exported amounted to 4,G83,5431. On the average of the eight years preceding the French Revolution, the annual import of Wool was 2,G60,0061b5., and the official value of Wools exported 3,5.34,7041. On the ,average of ten years, from 1808 to 1818, the annual import of Wool was 12,163,1361 W., and the of f icial valut-.of Woollens exported but 5,834.9341. Last year (1819), 1,1"0.1 imported, amounted to 16,190,3431b5., and the official value of Woollens exported to only 5,086,5011. From this detail two important facts will be clearly established ; first, that the export of *Woollen Cloths has been little affected by the i nmensely increa3ed importation of Wool ; and secondly, that the immense quantity on hand had accumulated before " the passing of the tax." Upon this point we shall allude .to one more fact, which is drawn from the following account of Wool imported and Cloth milled in the West Riding of Yorkshire : wool Imported. In idt4 Yards Milled. 15,017,340 1.815 • , 14,98(1,424 1816 1817 , 14,715.711 1818. 1819 Thus the cloth milled in the West Riding of. Yorkshire, so far from having increased in quan tity during the last twenty-two years, has, not withstanding the immensely increased import of wool during that period, actually decreased. Me Morning Chronicle, after the above asser tion, which we hope is completely refuted by the facts we have adduced, goes on gravely to assert, " that the loose and hollow texture of " our low native Wools, requires the close and " greasy quality of the Foreign Wool to be in :4 corporated with them, before a fabric could be " produced that would be acceptable to the Fo " reign market." There are only two simple facts which militate against the statement, and which we fear will prove it to be made by a person whol ly uninformed on the subject upon which he is writing ; and these are first, that none of the kind of wool described by this writer could be afforded to be mixed in those woollens of which our export principally consists ; and, secondly, that the duty in question has very little affected the importation of the finer wools, which may be easily conceived, when it is known that Spain has taken off a duty on the exportation nearly equal to that we have laid on. So much for the facts which the Morning (Aro nick has adduced to prove " the utter incompe tency of the Ministers on the subject of Finance and Taxation." 'We do not accuse the Morning Chronicle of wilfully mistating and mistaking facts ; it may have been imposed upon by inte rested individuals. Perhaps the want of correct information on the effect of the duties it repro bates may be pardonable, but we cannot think the motives which suggested this attack on his MAJESTY'S Government at all warrantable.— On great national questions, nothing can be more reprehensible than to allow party feeling and undignified personality to influence our opinion and conduct. With regard to the observations on Lord SHEFFIELD ) they are wholly unworthy of notice, for the character of this excellent and patriotic Nobleman is too well known, and the great services which he has rendered to our Co lonial and Shipping Interests, and to the Com mercial Community in general, are too justly appreciated to be lessened by the loose and un founded aspersions of the Morning Chronicle. LOYAL ADDRESSES. COUNTY OF MEATH MEETING.—Navan, Dec. 22.—We yesterday had our County Meeting ; so numerous an assemblage of all the consequence and wealth of the county was never seen on any former occasion. There was not a district of the county from which I did not see the principal Gentlemen surrounding the High Sheriff. The Address you will soon see in the public, Papers. The whole Meeting seemed to.bave caught the ardent spirit of Loyalty which "It breathes. It was moved by Lord 13ective, who read it with great animation, and seconded 'by Sir Marcus Sommerville. It was adopted with perfect una nimity. MEETING AT TULLAMORE TO ADDRESS THE KIN(;.—On Monday, the 18th, there was a very numerous Meeting at Tullarnore, convened by F. Berry, Esq. for the purpose of addressing the King. F. Berry, Esq. being called to the Chair, read the Requisition, which stated the object of the Meeting. The Rev. Mr. Eames being called upon to propose the Address, made a most elo quent and impressive speech. George Slater, rose to second the Motion. The Address was unanimously carried. . _ _ _ The Merchant Company of Leith have unani mously voted a loyal and dutiful Address to his Majesty. _ _ On Saturday, at a Meeting of the Inhabitants of Stourbridge and its vicinity,a loyal Address to his Majesty was agreed upon. A loyal Address to the King has been pre pared at Cheltenham. On Friday, the Corporation of Evesham unani mously adopted a loyal Address to his Majesty. The County of Roxburgh has unanimously agreed to address his Majesty ; and the county of Aberdeen, by a majority of 77-91 voted for the proposed Address, and 14 against it. A Meeting of the County of Renfrew takes places on Thursday, the 14th of January. A loyal Address to his Majesty, from the in habitants of. this town, was on Wednesday last agreed upon, and has already received a number of respectable si±Ynatures.--( Blackburn Moil.) The Birmingham Chronicle of yesterday con tains six columns of additional names to the loyal Address from that town, which was before most numerously signed. Such was the mildness of the season before the present frost began, that upon Christmas-day we saw the geranium molle (doves7s-foot geranium) and the primula officinatis, or common paigle, in full flower in the, open air. The thermometer has since continued 'steadily at the freezing point.—(Cambridge Chronicle.) At an assembly of the Corporation of Thet ford, on Monday se'nnight, the Rev. 'l'. Orman, formerly assistant in the seminaries of the Rev. Yalpy, at Reading, and of the Rev. J. Tate, at Richmond, Yorkshire, was elected Head Mas ter of the - free grammar school of the above town, 'on the resignation of the Rev. 11. C. Manning, in consequence of his advanced .years and weak +state of health, a handsome annuity having been assigned him by the Corporation, in considera tion of the long and faithful discharge of his late duty. SPANISH PAPERS. MADRID, DEc. 12.—Don Jose Maria rand°, the Charge d'Affaires of our Court at Lisbon, has at length succeeded in getting Don Jose Maria Rodriguez, Chief of the Staff of General Carupana, delivered up to Spain, under a good escort. Rodriguez, who had taken refuge in Portugal, is said to be deeply implicated in the affair of Cadiz, and his arrival alone was waited for to brim; it to a conclusion. MAnoN (31iNottcA), Nov. <29.---The English arid Dutch squadrons are still here, but the Spa nish, which we expected, has not arrived. We have in our port a vast number of vessels, be longing to our merchants, loaded with corn from the Black Sea, which, as well as the cargoes of many others that are expected, they hope they shall obtain permisSion to import into the Penin sula, as they have petitioned. This appears to be very reasonable, because all these enterprizes were made bona fide, and long before it was known that the Cortes intended to prohibit the importation of foreign corn. If the request is not granted, many of our merchants will be ruined. BARCELONA, DEC. s.—Don Jose de Castelar left this city to-day for Valencia, being appoint ed political chief of that city, after having filled that office here from the time of , our restoration to freedom. The Catalonians cannot behold with out regret the departure of this magistrate, who from the beginning united in his favour the wishes of all the citizens, and who has since jus tified the hopes that good patriots have conceived of him. It appears that a house at Perpignan has offered an asylum to the ex-patriot Arch bishop of Valencia. OnENst, DEC. 7.—The robbers continue to molest the inhabitants of this district, and within a short time we have heard of some great ex cesses. In general, such is the state of the greater part of Gallicia, that not a step can he taken out of the towns without risk, and within these few days we have heard of considerable depredadtions having been committed on mer chants. The banditti arealways extremely well armed. OVIEDO, Dec. 3.—Three of our citizens who went in pursuit of the banditti who lately chewed themselves at the bridge of Santallano, collected some brave soldiers, who were near Pola, and succeeded in taking five of these malefactors, two of whom were of the number of the leaders. One escaped soon after he was taken, but the others were placed under a good escort. Im portant discoveries are expected from their exa minations. It is said that Priests, Magistrates, Alcades, and Capitalists, are implicated iu this affair. SPANISH NEW TARIFF. MADRID, DEC. 13.—We have received im portant observations on various articles of the new tariff of customs, and our attention has been called, among others, to those relative to iron hoops, which we receive from England and Hol land. These hoops ( arcos ) are not made in Spain ; and what is more, the art of making them is unknown ; whence it results, that it will cost thrice as much to hoop a cask with hoops of the Peninsula as with foreign ones. The expences of carriage will be a little more, or at least as much as from England, because as we have not internal means of communication, they must be embarked from our northern ports for Catalonia, where there is the greatest consumption of them, and the freight from Bilboa is as great, or greater, than► that from Portsmouth. The same observations will apply, for the same reasons, to line printed cottons, which our manufacturers do not know how to execute. We readily agree that our industry should be protected, by hin dering the competition of foreigners to the pre judice of our own manufactures, since, in spite of all theories, this is the conduct of the most-en lightened nations. But, allowing that our ma nufactures ought to receive encouragement,we can not believe that this should authorise a monopoly to the injury of other interests that merit regard. These casks, which must be hooped at a triple ex pense, carry all over the world the fine brandies of Deus, and this increase of expense may operate very unfavourably on the sale of that most im portant article. As for the prohibition of fine printed cottons, it is equivalent to an express order to smuggle them into the kingdom. These cottons are so very generally used, that the women hardly wear any thing else at home, especially in some provinces. In Catalonia they cannot give these articles those bright and desir able colours which so much recommend them, nor have they that taste and elegance in the pat terns, which are their chief merit. Will our fine ladies wear the stuffs which were formerly taken for the mulatto women of the Rio de la Plata ? (Miscellanea, Dec. 14.) INUNDATION OF THE NII.E.—The celebrated traveller, BELzoNt, in passing up the Nile, witnessed one of those dreadful calamities, to which the natives of certain districts of Egypt are occasionally subject. The river, in ISIS, rose three feet. and a half above the higheSt mark lett by the preceding inundation, and with such rapidity that many villages, with their inhabitants, were entirely swept away. ' I neversaw,' says Mr. Belzoni, any picture that could give a more correct idea of a deluge than the valley of the Nile in this season. The cottages, being built of earth, could not stand one instant against the current, and no sooner did the water reach them, than it levelled them with the ground. The rapid stream carried off all that was before it; men, women, children, cattle, corn; every thicg was washed away in an instant, and left the place where the vil lage stood without any thing to indicate that there had ever been a house on the spot.' It was one vast ocean, out of which arose numerous islands and many magnificent ruins. On our right' says Belzoni,' we had it .e high rocks and the temples of Gurnon,t he Me ninonium, the extensive buildings of Medinet Alio°, and the two Colossal statues which arose out tit the Ovate► like I he light houses on sonic of the coasts of Europe. On our left, we hat! the vast ruins of Carnal; and Luxor; to•t he east of which, at a distance of eight miles, ran tEe Alokattuni chain of mountains, forming the boundaries of this vast lake as it appeared from our boat.' Such, however, is the bounty of nature, that the damage in this country is speedily repaired. On our way down,' he observes, it was pleasing to see the' difference of the country ; all the lands that were under water before, were now not only dried up, but were already sown; the muddy villages carried off by the rapid current were all rebuilt; the fences opened; the fellahs at work in the fields, and all wore a different aspect ;' yet it was then only fifteen days since the waters had subsided. Mr. GORE LAN TON has directed 1001. to be distributed amongst the poor in the several parishes where his estates are situated. _ 't PRICE 0 KS THIS DAY AT TWELVE O'CLOCN. 3 per Ceit, it,. 70 I Bank Long Ann. 18 IR 1-1 !litibli3ll ,I 3:per Cent.cm i s . 4 per Cents i, - • ," • . 5 per Ct. lac ; A ult , t Cons. for Opening 71i 71 s • , itt, rt. a-- • e .i /S BRIDGE TO-NIORROS,' Li ''-'3•l Y n I E ve ning, 6 annulus ati' 1 i et‘ers ,a HIGH wATEI. LONi)( Nlurning, 32 ntimr i s alter.lo. Mout Lis. TqE SUN. Lirenot v►e~!itali~ Nu to SOLEM QUIS DICERE FALSUM A.UDEAT? events all Euroi LONDON, SATURDAT, DECEMBER 30, 18'20. Illy con aril 191 i 4 U‘ope, The Affairs of Naples are still in such a sta'Pies tin of uncertainty that no wise man will presume' ! v ery all form any decided opinion on the course of even integrity krity of or their probable termination. The MornO Chronicle, however, which has long been diso countric Will nut l ere, is ,wished for its " second sight," or rather, to ti cons' to ful6l. , Paternal its own memorable phrase, its ' progiloSticatir People et predictions," ventures to prophecy the quences which are likely to result from the eis and my of the King of NArbEs to Liy'bach. 0 logemer to the pt this species of political second sight it hi this co-c already penetrated into the breasts of tt pose to other Sovereigns, and predicts that . thi l Your pt will issue a Manifesto or Declaration in the nai pensible inte•;csts of FERDINAND, nullifying all the late proceedini of which in Naples, and march to the frontiers of the kind „.idt„„ dom. The truth is, that The ,'!Morning Ch ron ici true fri supposes that the Neapolitan Patriots at which f. Accep much of the same breed a 3 our Rad iCi tiun, ant You Reformers at home, and the article in o Paper of last night, of which it has talo a part, has no doubt induced it strengthen the suspicion. We derived t whole of that article from the first authorit and our Readers may rely on it. While ti KING was in Naples, he was forced to assent every thing proposed to him, and there is reasi By tht King, of to believe that the Revolutionists thought mot &c. ; of raising themselves to power than of guardio Ac.; Gi the proper rights of the Monarch, or promotif To the happiness of the Kingdom. It was, therefoii The in Cong proper to release the Monarch from his sta+: captivity, and to afford him the full po acting for himself. The life of the !- least is safe, and who can tell whether he . not have suffered the same fate that befel the fortunate Louts Louis SEIZE. If that King could ha( been rescued from the hands of the Regicide' the horrors of the Revolution might have been a great degree averted, and other States hal been secured from those revolutionary mov ments which shook every Throne in Europe its foundation. Tropp The h Majesty pre6ent. MESSA '":Ye pa From piqtr o 11 .11 &over th is that Illelltior sous as per the offers in quently sented t Irrolnpt reigns I admit a We can assert, with full confidence, that tht is no truth in the report of Lord HARROWBI Family, tbat Di resignation. I way from ti] Far L We have had no arrival of Paris Papers morning. to this of my I flew an Frankfort Papers arrived last night to the 5! inst. The Triennial Budget for Wurtembc has been laid before the Diet of that country. Loan 01200,000 florins is proposed to cover t deficiency for the year ending on the ?Atli June next. By the joint operation of an increr , of revenue, and a diminution of the expenditul it is calculated, that in the two ensuing yeg this loan will have been reimbursed, and a plus le:t in the Treasury of 25.,000 florins. II to the jallu u, tution. stances shall b, bases :. Grand Duke of Hesse Darmstadt has submit to the two Chambers of his Diet the new Ac Constitution; which was accepted by acclai Letters from Milan of the 16th inst. state, tt the orders of the Austrian G avernment had be' received there for raising troops by a conscri tion, which there was no doubt would be cart.: into effect, and with the full rigour. The n.• ber of men to be raised by this mode in Mi and the surrounding district, was 4,973, and t term of service was announced to be not thrt or four, but eight years. The measure was co sidered at Milan to refer not merely to the d signs against Naples, but to views of a still me serious nature, the purport of which is not e plained, the results of the Congress at Troppa The Duchess of CLARENCE being consider happily recovered from her accouchement, tl band accompanying the mounting the Kini Guard, on Thursday morning,•played when ne the residence of the Royal Duke and Duch for the first time since the confinement of t Royal Duchess. The infant Princess Elm BETH continues remarkably well and thriting. The Duchess of KENT drank tea with t Duchess of CLARENCE 011 Wednesday and Thu day evenings.—The Princess Boring visited t ) Duchess of CLARENCE on Thursday morning: On Wednesday the Princess SOPHIA dined wi the Duke of SUSSEX, at his apartments in t King's Palace at Kensington. The Duchess KENT spent Tuesday evening with the Princl SOPHIA, at her residence in George-street, He ver-square. We understand Government has paid 6001. ing the half-year's rent due by the QUEEN Brandenburgh House, and that Lady ANN 1-1 MILTON has been compensated from the sal quarter for the use of her Ladyship's house Portman-street, by her MAJESTY,, in the coul of the last summer.—(British Press.) ac 1. to lay I State ; regard tc 4.)f the .g 4. to the i 4, J. Repres ~ 6. lIC 7. 'rest rict any on ~ 9. My f. collvi nl I desire Iret t d 1 ness, s tion r n; It is Clarion the di which it IS c,, Lion. the Pruet