The Sun. — London, England, 1849-07-21 00:00:00

LAW INTELLIGENCE. VICE CHANCERY COURT, July 19. (Before Sir J. L. BRUCE.) IN THE MATTER OF THE BOROUGH OF ST. MARYLEBONE JOINT-STOCK BANKING COMPANY, EX PARTE ALEX• ANDER DAVIDSON. This case was argued on the sth and Bth instant. Mr. Bacon and Mr. Little appeared for the motion; Mr. Lloyd and Mr. Hetherington for the official manager. From the affidavits and statements, so far as they were uncontradicter3, the facts appear to be that Mr. Davidson, in May, 1834, being the manager of the Commercial Bank of England at Ludlow, received a visit from Mr. Hannay; and at his suggestion, and as a favour to him, Mr. Davidson allowed his name to be put oa the list of shareholders for 100 shares, and Mr. Hannay gave him a written memorandum, saying, " I hereby engage to transfer to you, at par, 100 shares of the company held by you, and to keep you out of cash advance, and pro tect you against all loss until a transfer." Mr. Davidson thereupon executed the deed of settlement and received scrip certificates for 100 shares. Thirty of those shares were on the same day transferred by Mr. Hannay's management to Mr. Terry, Mr. M'Evily, and Mr. Lloyd, for 1801, and the whole of the transactions were entered into the minute-book of the directors, as one approved by them. Oa the 10th of March, 1841, Mr. Hannay wrote to Mr. Davidson, speaking of the shares being at a discount, and saying that when he took them the directors undertook to relieve him of them at par, and concluding by requesting him to send them with the scrip certificates for 70 shares. Upon this Mr. Davidson executed a deed of transfer, and those certi ficates were sent to Mr. Hannay, who, on the 15th of May, wrote as follows :—" I am duly favoured with your letter of the lith inst., enclosing transfer of your 70 shares to me as manager, for behoof of the bank, with the scrip certificates thereof, ;the balance at your debt in our books is thus extinguished." Mr. Davidson was never returned to the Stamp-office as a shareholder, and he swore, in his affidavit, that the whole transac tion was merely colourable ; that the Bank were the actual proprietors of the shares, but he never paid any calls, or received, or would have been entitled to receive, any dividends in respect of them. The VICE CHANCELLOR now gave judgment and said —I have considered this case, and particularly the affi davit of Mr. Davidson. From the materials before the Court, it appears to me a just inference that the transac tion of 1837, respecting the 100 shares, of which 70 are in qaestion, was advised and carried into effect by the parties to it for the purpose of accrediting the fallacious representation that Mr. Davidson had taken, and was the holder of these shares on his own account and at his own risk, the object having been (such, at least, is judi cially my inference) to induce or encourage by means of which this was a part, the taking of shares by persons whom Mr. Hannay or the directors might think it advan tageous or useful to add to the company. If this were so, a court of justice, at least, must regard the transac tion as unfair, and treat it as a case tainted with deceit. Mr. Davidson's counsel argued that it had no other meaning and no other effect than to constitute him agent for the company, or the directors, for the dis posal of the shares. I cannot accede to the argument. Had the nature and the intention of the transaction been so, it would have been constructed and managed, I think, in a different, plainer, and more simple form. Counsel also contended that it had not been proved that any person had, in fact, been misled; but the intention, in my judgment, was to deceive. It had not been proved, or alleged, that strangers did not, as I think it reasonable to assume that strangers did, become shareholders after this trans action. If they did so, it seems right to presume that they became shareholders in the belief that it was truly what it was ostensibly, nor do I hold that the case of the shareholders who were so bona fide, and afterwards continued so, is to be disregarded in considering this. I❑ the circumstances, as I view them, the shareholders generally desiring to hold Mr. Davidson to these seventy shares, as the true proprietor for every purpose, as be tween him and them, I should certainly, if the arrange. ments of 1841 had not taken place, have decided in con formity with the Master's conclusion. But do they vary the case? In my opinion they do not. If the business was a mere ceremony consequent upon the affair of 1837, or rather, perhaps, a part or it, I cannot interfere with the Master's decision. Although refusing the motion, I have not held myself bound to do so with casts, espe cially as I am not satisfied that Mr. Davidson had well considered the transaction before he consented to become a party to it, or that he thought himself to be acting with impropriety. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. WOOL WWII. Yesterday Mr. Joseph Clayton, the well-known news-agent, was summoned by Inspector Derrig, of the Shooter's-hill sub .division of police, for furious driving. Police-constable 161 R deposed that on the morning of Thursday se'nnight, about a quarter-past six o'clock, he was on duty at Shooter's-hill, when he saw the defendant driving from London at the rate of 15 or 16 miles an hour. He allowed the horse to go slowly up the hill, and then struck it with the whip, when it started off again at a most furious pace towards Welling, He had cautioned the defendant on the previous Tuesday. Mr. Clayton said the fact was that he was conducting an express for the purpose of forwarding the morning papers down to the Kentish districts. He positively denied having struck the horse, as it would not bear the whip, and on one occasion when he struck it it ran away with him. As to being cautioned on the Tuesday he was in bed that morning. He thought some allowance ought to be made for the fact that this was an express for conveying the Times and other newspapers to Chatham and Sheerness. Mr. TaAILL said he was afraid he could not grant any in dulgence to the Times that did not belong to the public at large. Mr, Clayton said he was bound to catch a certain train at the Gravesend and Rochester Railway, and he started from London as soon as the papers were published. Mr. TRAILL said he must either get the papers to publish earlier, or get the train to wait, or have a road of his own. It was a mistaken notion to suppose that any business, however urgent, could be allowed to operate against the general use of the roads by the public. Mr. Clayton said the pace was the same as that of his expresses on four different roads, and no objection had been made by the police except in this single instance. Mr. TRAILL remarked that the expresses must not go at a pace to alarm the public. He apprehended that there was as much objectimi to the pace, perhaps more, as to the rate of speed. The danger was this—all horses knew instinctively the pace of any other horse, and many endeavoured to imi tate it ; and persons got alarmed at the speed of their horses, which was induced by the other horse. By and bye, how ever, this would happen to some person unskilled in driving, and serious, perhaps fatal results, would follow. Then there would be a coroner's inquest, and the newspapers, perhaps, would take up the matter, and it would then become very serious, not only to the person causing the accident, but to the police for not noticing the practice, and to the magistrate for not having punished the first offence. Inspector Derrig, having been sworn, stated that the pre sent summons had been taken out in consequence of com plaints from a tradesman residing in the neighbourhood, who said he was obliged to draw wp his cart to the side of the road, to avoid being run over by the two expresses. In reply to questions from Mr. TRAILL, Mr. Clayton said he allowed the express two hours to per form the distance of 22 miles, from Blackfriars to the rail. way station at Gravesend. The horses were allowed to walk up two hills, and twelve miles an hour he did not consider to be more than the law allowed, especially as it was a very early hour in the morning, and few vehicles were moving on the road. Mr. Tann.r. repeated that the objection was not so much to the speed as to the pace, the pace was as important as speed ; there was less objection to a horse that trotted that speed, and the defendant should endeavour to use horses that would do so. _ Mr. Clayton having promised to comply with the direc tions of the magistrate, Mr. TnAiLL said all he wished was that a better arrange ment should be come to, and he should, therefore, allow the summons to stand open for a fortnight, on payment of the costs. Mr. Clayton complained of the conduct of the police-con stable in threatening to take him into custody, but Mr. TRAILL considered he had a perfect right to do so. The costs were then paid, and Mr. Clayton withdrew. BREAKWATER AT GRANTON.—The magnificent pier erected by the Duke of Buccleuch at Granton, having been in some degree injured by the currents lodging large masses of floating debris and mud around it, it was resolved to build a breakwater on the west side with a view to protect it. This labori ous work has been going on for upwards of two years, and it now projects some distance beyond the Grantee Pier, and will admirably serve the purpose intended. Another o9ect, and one not gene rally known, to be gained by the breakwater is, to ex tend the work in a circular direction, so as to form a harbour of refuge for vessels during a storm. At pre sent, when a tempest threatens, all vessels lying at the mouth of the Frith have to take shelter in St. Margaret's Hope, above Queensferry, so that a great convenience will be gained when the Granton harbour is completed. We understand it i., contemplated to have a similar breakwater constructed on the east side of the pier, and when this is done, Granton will have stronger claims than ever to be considered " the port of Edinburgh" —an honour which novv very justly belongs to Leith.--North British Mail. SOUTH YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. —The permanent rails are laid from Swinton to Conisbro', and we are as sured that the line will certainly be ready for opening by September, to accommodate the traffic of the race week. A locomotive engine will be employed on the Rue at Levitt Ilagg in a fortnight.—Skeffield Times. THE ROYAL PAVILION AT BRIGHTON.—A Bill is now before Parliament to empower the Government to sell this palace, with its extensive appurtenances. This celebrated place was erected by, and for many years was the favourite residence of, his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, afterwards George IV. His immediate successor, William IV., visited it several times during his reign, and her pre sen t M a j esty, on two or three occa - sions in the early part of her succer i t r to the throne, became its occupant. Its glori es are now spassare rmna e e l a o w u t a t y o , and the palace, with its extensive m ai i pass into other hands. On Tuesday last a ree reement was signed, by Mr. L e i g h Peniterton i the solicitor to the Woods and Forests, and Mr. Slight, thee town-clerk of Brighton, by tha terms of which the Hon. Commissioners of her Majesty's Woods, Forests, and Land Revenue are to sell to the inhabitants of Brighton the entire property for the sum of 53,000/. We under• stand it is intended to throw open the extensive lawns of the Palace to pti:lic use as promenades and pleasur e grounds a desideratum of long - standing in that fashionable watering-place ; the larger rooms of the Pavilion to be converted into concert, lecture, and assera• bly rooms. Ronaiinir or PLATE NEAR TRURO.—On Monday tnorbirhitike Mayor of Exeter ri ceived a letter, apprising him that on thc night of the 14th inst. the house of C. Williams, Fiotr.;; gentleman residing at Treg ollon, six miles from Trd , Cornwall, had been broken into, and the whole.ofibfililver plate stolen, of the value of from 6601. t0 . 71101.--.:Wrewman's Exeter Flying Post. \,., ----,Disp4cheii,vi sent off yesterday evening from the Colo fir Governors of the North American colonies. S u FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE OF FRIDAY. WAR-OFFICE, JULY 20, 1849. Ist Regiment of Dragoons—Lieut. Herbert Morgan to be Captain, by purchase, vice Gough, who r, tires, July 20; Cornet and Adjutant William Harrisson to have the rank of Lieutenant, July 19; Cornet Michael Stocks to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Morgan, July 20. 3d Light Dragoons—Cornet Thomas Clement Belmore St. George to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Roche, promoted, July 20. 31st Regiment of Foot—Major George Staunton to be Lieutenant-Colonel, by purchase, vice Spence, who 1 retires; Captain Thomas Conyngham Kelly to be Major, by purchase, vice Staunton; Lieutenant John Stillman Gould to be Captain, by purchase, vice Kelly; Ensign George Walter Baldwin to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Gould, July 20. 37th Foot—Ensign Charles Samuel Blois to be Lieu tenant, without purchase, vice Thomas, appointed Quar termaster of 87th Foot; Gentleman Cadet Robert Wil liam Webb, from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign, vice Blois, July 20. 60th Foot—Captain John Jones to be Major, by pur chase, vice Robinson, who retires; Lieutenant Godfrey Rhodes to be Captain, by purchase, vice Jones; Second- Lieutenant Richard Harcourt Robinson to be First-Lieu tenant, by purchase, vice Rhodes, July 20. UNATracnEn.—Lieutenant Edmund Roche, from the 3d Light Dragoons, to be Captain, by :purchase, July 20. MEMORANDUM. — The Christian names of Second Lieutenant Jervois, of the Ceylon Rifle Regiment, are " Edwyn Stanhope,", and not " Edward Stanhope," as previously stated. Captain John Armstrong, upon half-pay 37th Foot, has been permitted to retire from the army by the sale of an unattached commission, he being about to become a settler in Australia. _ _ Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire. Herbert George Jones, Esq., Sergeant-at-Law, to be Deputy-Lieutenant, July 13. Commission by the Lord - Lieutenant of Shropshire. South Salopian Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry— Rowland Hunt, Gent., to be Cornet, vice Badger, pro moted. OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, JULY, 18. Corps of Royal Engineers—First Lieutenant Mervin Vavasour to be Second Captain, vice Sorell, deceased; Second Lieutenant Charles John Fowler to be First Lieutenant, vice Vavasour, July 11. WHITEHALL, JULY 11. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Alfred Ricketts Hudson, of Pershore, in the county of Worcester, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. WHITEHALL, JULY 14. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Clement Stratton, of Leicester, in the county of Leicester, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 21, 1849 BANKRUPTS. Martin Luther Pritchard and Robert Norris Dale, stock-brokers, Liverpool, to surrender July 27, and Aug. 24, at one, at the Court of Banruptcy. Whitmore, offi cial assignee, Basinghall-street; Scott and Tahourdin, Lincoln's-inn-fields. George Frederick Bennett, goldsmith, Quadrant, Re gent-street, July 27, at half-past one, and August 31, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall-street; Sadgrove, Mark-lane. Edward Woodruffe, ship and insurance broker, Win chester House, Old Broad-street, City, July 30 and Sep tember 1, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Green, official assignee, Guildhall-chambers, Basinghall- street; Llewellin, Noble-street, Cheapside. Filmer Keen, innkeeper, Warwick, July 28 and August 30, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Valpy, official assignee, Birmingham; Forder, Leamington. William Wood, grocer and tea dealer, Milton, Kent, July 27 and August 31, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Cannan, official assignee, Birchin lane; Sadgrove, Mark-lane. William Thomas Farey, licensed victualler, West Smithfi .Id, July 28, at eleven, and September 1, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green, official assignee, Basinghall-street; Smith, Barnard's-inn. Campbell Wright Hobson, distiller, Raymond-build ings, Gray's Inn, Aug. 1 and Sep. 4, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Fre derick's-place, Old Jewry; Sawyer and Brettle, Staple Inn, Holborn. John Jones, quarryman, Tanyrallt, Denbigshire, Aug. 1 and 30, at eleven, at the Liverpool District Court. Bird, official assignee, Liverpool; Bridger and Collins, London; Francis and Almond, Liverpool. George Gatrell, carrier, Chichester, Sussex, July 31, at twelve, and August 28, at half-past two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Frederick's place, Old Jewry; Staniland and Long, Bouverie-street, Fleet-street; Sherwood, Chichester. Charles Henry Lambert, druggist, Kingston-upon. Hull, August 8 and 22, at half-past ten, at the Leeds District Court. Carrick, official assignee, Hull; Haw kins, Bloxham, and Co., New Boswell-court; Lovett and Co., Hull. _ _ George Brooks Pettit, ironmonger, Brook-street, New-road, St. Pancras, July 28, at two, and Sept. 1, at half-past eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green, official assignee, Guildhall-chambers, Basinghall-street; Wilkins, Furnival's Inn. John Morgan, stock-broker, Copthall.court, City, July 26, at two, and Sept. 1, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green, official assignee, Guildhall chambers, Basingliall-street; Pike, Bedford-row. Samuel Warden, hosier, Birmingham, July 31, and Aug. 21, at ten, at the Birmingham District Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham ; Holme, Loftus, and Young, New Inn; Bartleet, Brmingham. Joseph Ciementson, tobacconist, Whitehaven, Cumber land, Aug. 3, at half-past ten, and 30, at half-past one, at the Newcastle-upon-Tyne District Court. Wakley, official assignee, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Chaters, New castle-upon-Tyne; Atkinson and Son, Whitehaven; Willis, Bucklersbury. PRICE OF SUGAR. The average price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, com puted from the returns made in the week ending July 17, 1849, is 265. 11 3 / d. per cwt. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London New Price Current, July 20.) SUOAR.—To-day a good business was concluded in the West India Sugar market; still at former rates holders are free sellers of all sorts. The purchases amounted to 550, making for the week 2,350 hhds, &c., and the reduction in prices 61 per cwt. The market for Sugar has generally a quiet aspect both for free and slave labour sorts. REFINED.—To-day the Refined Sugar market pre sented a dull aspect, and prices continue on the decline, brown Lumps selling at 49s 6d to 503, and fair grocery at 50s 6d to 515. Bonded Crushed Sugar continues in excellent demand at 29s to 30s, and the market is firm. MAURITIUS.--This afternoon there was no variation in the value of Mauritius Sugar, but there was not a more active demand. At public sale 1,189 bags were sold, fine yellow at 39s to 393 6d, low to good 36s 6d to 38s 6d, good and fine brown 354 to 365, and grainy yel low 42s 6d to 455. EAST INDIA.—This afternoon a public sale of 2,055 bags Bengal Sugar went at barely former rates; grainy yellow at 43s 6d to 44s 6d, white ditto 45s 6d to 461 6d, and fine 47s to 48s. For Madras the market is quiet, and 2,589 bags went is lower; low and middling brown at 31s to 32s 6d, fine and good 33s to 345, low and middling yellow 34s 6d to 36s per cwt. FOREIGN.—To-day there was no public sale of Foreign Sugar, and privately little business was concluded by home dealers or shippers; still lower rates were not ac cepted for brow n , y e ll ow , or w hi te. MOLASSES —Only small purchases have been made in West India, this week, and holders are more disposed to sell, low to fine quality at from 17s 6d to 21s per cwt. Imports are, however, still small, and the stock is much less than last year, so that no fall of moment is expected to take place. The market for East India is inactive, and 16s 61 to 17s per cwt is the value; there is also a greater supply. COCOA.—There has been no public sale of West India, and by private treaty only small purchases have been made; there are also sellers upon rather lower terms. There is, however, still a fair consumption, but the stock is heavy. Foreign has been dealt in with caution at 26s 6d to 28s 6d per cwt. TEA.—The market for common and good ordinary Congou has a firm aspect, and larger purchases have been made this week at from 8d to9d per lb; there is also a limited quantity on offer. Other sorts are held with more firmness, operations are upon a more extending scale, mixed blackish leaf at Sid to 10id, blackish leaf ltd to is Op, ditto strong is ld to is 3d, and Pekoe flavour is 4d to is 10d. For Pouchong and Souchong the sale is brisker, and former rates are well kept up. There is no advance to notice in the value of green: still merchants evince firmness, and sales to a fair extent have been. made at fully former rates; the lower sorts have met with the moat attention. The market for Tea has decidedly a more healthy appearance. No public sale is declared, and privately the quantity on offer is smaller of both Black and Green sorts. COFFEE.—This afternoon Plantation Ceylon Coffee was held for full rates, but there was less demand. Of 103 casks 1,569 bags at public sale rather more than half sold; middling to good 53s to 61s, low middling 48s to 525, fine fine ordinary 435 to 47s 6d, triage 323 to 36s Gd, damaged 263 6d to 435. 1,826 bags Havannah went at full rates, but a part o n ly so ld ; fi ne fi ne ordinary at 455, fine ordinary 38s to 43s 6d, good ordinary 36s to 375, damaged 353 to 35s 6d. 124 casks Porto Rica went at 383 to 39s for fine ordinary grey. The market for Native Ceylon is quiet at from 343 to 36s for good to fine ordinary. SPICES. —For Pimento an active demand has been ex perienced, and prices +d forper lb. At auction 75 bags were sold at 3a mid. Black Pepper d to 4 is held ordinary to good, 7 but chiefly at 4 to4d for Sumatrawere sold t,, d to with firmness at former rates , and a fair portion was sold privately. At auction 373 bag s 20 for da maged.at 2id to 2td for clean, and a 3 d 2ld White is quoted ordinary to fine Malabar 20 to 3 4 1 -d. The value of inferior sound is 2 1 to . . , and at 5d to 9tl for low to fine. Pod less wanted, and a part 4 only of 353 bags at auction found buyers at 3 5 s to as fur ord and good mid, arid fine at 653 to 70s; these are lower rates. Cayeane is cheaper, and 45 casks sold at 10.1 to iiid per lb for good, and inferior 7ial. The home demand tor Ginger continues good, and exporters are more disposed to sell; prices are also on the advance. At auction 631 bags Bengal sold at 24s for mid small rough, 22s for ord; 532 baga African, m id an d goo d b o ld 38s 6d to 40s. There has been no public sale of Jamaica, and 31 10s to 121 is the value of ord to fine. Of Cassia Lignea the supply is not sufficient for the demand, and prices mus t again be quoted is to Is 6d higher. At auction 100 cases went freely; good first pile at 993, second ditto 97$ 6d to 98s, mid third pile 955, mouldy 93s to 94s 6d, and broken 86s 6d. Cloves are in good request with a firm market. We quote Beecoolen at is 4d to 14 9d, Amboyna lld to is 2d, Bourbon and Zanzibar 8d to Bid. For Cinnamon full rates are asked, still few sales have been made. Mace is in steady request at from 2s to 2s Bd. For Nutmegs a good sale exists, and holders display firmness. RICE.—To-day Bengal Rice met with attention, and former rates were well supported. At auction 3,730 bags all sold at 9s 61 to lOs 6d for mid to good white, and at 5s 6d to 93 6d for damaged; 29 pkgs Tousles Mois fetched 5d per lb for sound. COCHINEAL.—Today 77 bags of Honduras at auction went at barely former rates, low to black 3s 9d to 5s 3d, and bold damp silvers 3s 10d to 4s 3d. SPIRITS .—A good trade has been done in Leeward Island Rum this week, and prices are on the advance. Sales have been made at Is 5d to is 6d proof, and there are not free sellers. A fair quantity of East India has been sold at Is 3d to is 4d, and some parties will not accept these rates. For Demerara the demand has been good at 2s to 2s 2d for 30 to 36 per cent over proof, and stronger at 2s 3d to 2s 4d. For Jamaica the home and export sale is getting more active for all sorts, and on the part of holders there is firmness. Sales have been made 20 to 29 per cent over proof at 2s 3d to 2s sd, 30 to 36 over 2s 6.1 to 3s 3d, fine and favourite marks 3s 4d to 4s. The tendency of prices is to advance, and there is a less quantity on offer. Cognac best brands of the vintage of 1848 is quoted at 3s 6d to 3s Bd, 1847 ditto at 4s 3d to 4s sd, 1846 ditto 5s 3d to 5s 6d, 1845 ditto at 5s 8d to 5s 10d, inferior sorts 2s 3d to 3s 6d, and Bordeaux 2s to 2s 2d. For Geneva the value is still Is 9d to is 10d for ord, and fine at 2s 3d to 3s 3d. There is still no variation in the value of British made Spirit. SALTPETRE.—There was more demand today pri vately in Saltpetre, and rather higher rates were paid; 680 bags Calcutta went, at 26s to 26s 6d for 7 per cent refraction. The market has an improving appearance. INnloo.—To-day 1,129 chests (including 205 with drawn) have passed the sale. A small proportion of the above quantity consisted of Bengals of middling quality, and sold at about the rates previously established. The remainder was Madras and Kurpahs ; the former sold at the last sale's prices, and the latter at an advance of 2d for the ordinary sorts, and a discount on the good and fine. Proprietors have bought in 197 chests. This afternoon two parcels of Guatemala Indigo were submitted to auction, amounting to 327 serons ; the whole sold at fully former rates, and went at from is 6d to 2s 6d per lb. TALLOW.—To-day there was an excellent demand for Tallow, and stiffer rates were paid. At auction 380 casks of Sydney were sold at 36s 3d to 38s from low to fine, and 1,400 'pkgs South American at 34s 9d to 39s per cwt. OILS.—To-day at auction 20 tunl of Sperm Oil went at 791 to 791 10s; 60 tons Sea Elephant, 291 10s to 31110 s; 433 pkgs Cocoa Nut in part sold at 32s to 35s 9d; 96 casks Palm Oil 29s 9d to 30s 9d per cwt. BANK OF ENGLAND. (From last night's Gazette.) An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria, cap. 32, for the Week ending on Saturday, the 14th day of July, 1849. ISSUE DEPARTMENT. Notes i55ued........ 27,926,690 Government debt .. 11,0 1,100 Other securities .. . • 2,984,900 Gold coin and bullion 13,650,121 Silver bullion . • •• • • 276,569 227,926,690 I £ 27,926,690 J. R. ELSEY, Deputy-Cashier. Dated the 19th day of July, 1849. BANKING DEPIZTXENT. Proprietors' capital.. 14,553,000 Rest • . • .. ........ 3,212,670 Public deposits (in cluding Exchequer, Commissioners of National Debt, Sav ings-banks, and Di vidend accounts) .. 3,104,227 Other deposits .. .. .. 11,468,268 Seven day and other bills .. .. .....• .. .. 1,094,792 Government securi ties (including Dead Weight Annuity) • • 14,432,877 Other securities .. • • 9,685,432 Notes ..... •••• • • • • 8,473,415 Gold and silver coin.• 841,233 £33,432,957 £33,432,957 J. R. ELSEY, Deputy-Cashier. Dated the 19th day of July, 18, PEACE BETWEEN DENMARK AND PRUSSIA. We have received the following telegraphic dispatch from Berlin, dated July 17, 8 r.m. : " The Danish ratification of the armistice and preliminaries of peace arrived here today, and will be exchanged against that of Prussia in the course of this evening."—Times. _ VENICE. LORD PALMERSTON AND THE TREATY OF VIENNA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,—lt must be with regret that Englishmen read the letter of Lord Palmerston to the great Manin. We see a handful of patriotic men in one small city strug gling against an empire, the abode of despotism and infamy; the Government of that city Venice, begs England to interfere by mediation in behalf of the de voted patriots—and England (nol not England, but England's Government) replies by expressing its " sympathy " (much good may it do), but declines in any way interfering, in consequence of the treaty of Vienna! Can our Noble Foreign Secretary, or auy other man living, say what the treaty of Vienna is—not what it was—but what it is? Can any one bring for ward one clause in that treaty which hwinot been in fringed by one or other of the parties to it? Is Belgium of 1830 forgotten? Is Cracow of 1846 forgotten? Are Sicily of 1848 and other innumerable infringements of that and this year forgotten? The treaty of Vienna! I always considered (but now must presume I was in error) that when one party breaks a contract, and the other party silently permits the breaking thereof, that that contract becomes null and void. It appears, however, that treaties may be infringed to suppress liberty, but may not be infringed to uphold liberty. If it be our fate to see hundreds, nay, millions, of devoted patriots trodden under the iron heel of despotism, while a pseudo-Liberal Ministry sits in power, and looks on with contemptible, nay, sinful complacency, let us re sign ourselves to our fate, but lot that Ministry assign as its reason for so acting a firm intention not to mingle iu foreign disputes, and let it stick to its principles, bad as they may be; but do not let us be made ridiculous and contemptible to the world by our wonderful and sudden attachment to a nominal treaty; and if England will not henceforward infringe the treaty of Vienna, let it insist upon the other parties also acting up to it. As regards the Hungarians, the treaty of Vienna is useless. What then must our Government discover to find them a reason for allowing the barbarians of the north to crush that noble and valiant people.—Apolo gizing for troubling you, I have the honour to subscribe myself, A LIBERAL, and a Constant Reader. London, July 19, 1849. DEATH OF A NORTH-WESTERN VOYAGER. At the Cottage, Durham, on the 10th July, Andrew Motz Skene, of Kilmacow, Wickl9w, Esq., breathed his last, in his 53d year. After a line of 850 years from father to son, the present inheritor, the Earl of Fife, being son of the last Laird's sister, the deceased was heir-male of Skene of that Ilk, and of Skene, of Hall yards, N. 8.; and a lieutenant in the Royal Navy. He was first in action at the siege of Flushing, and was one of Captain Alexander Skene's officers when he took the late Duke of Manchester to Jamaica; also one in the Northumberland when Sir George Cockburn took Napoleon to St. Helena, where having made many sketches of the Emperor and localities, on the return of the Admiral's ship, George the Fourth obtained an ac curate idea of the residence of the Imperial exile from them. The deceased was educated at the Royal Naval College, through the interest of Sir Joseph York, after wards Earl of Hardwick, and completed his last years of active service in the voyages of Sir John Ross, and Sir Edward Parry, in search of a North-Western passage; in which, as will be found in the former navigator's ac count of his travels, most of the drawings are from the pencil of the deceased, whose name was memorialized by being given to Skene Islands in Baffin's Bay; and by Sir Edward Parry to Skene Bay in Lancaster Sound. The deceased possessed a mind of no ordinary com bination, as his mechanical inventions demonstrate. In his voyages to the icy regions, the breakage of the ther mometers of mercury, and the variance of the degrees of the scales of different philosophers, led him to give a decimal scale founded on natural science. The range of heat being as a geographical circle divided into 360 degrees, he divided the range of heat from the melting of ice, to the greatest probable heat, estimated by Wedge wood's Pyrometer as 360,000 degrees, making the melting of ice zero, and the greatest heat 360 de grees above it, and subdividing that range deci mally, we have 360 degrees of 100 parts, or 360 thousandths. The first 100 parts or one degree is the melting of spermaceti, and the .boiling of water is at 21 degrees or 250 hundredths. It is curious that the first hundred parts of a degree below zero, or one degree of this scale, is also the point, of change of frozen mercury to liquid, which first de grees above and below zero are those of the liquifac tion of solids, independent of atmospheric pres sure. After a long period of service as a midship man, getting promoted on his return from the second North- Western voyage, the deceased married, and has left a widow, son, and two daughters, inadequately provided for, when it is recollected that loyalty in the American rebellion wrested from his father and grandfather, Major and Colonel Skene, their princely estate of Skenesboroagh, now Whitehall, and by the Jacobin side of rebellion in 1715, their inheritance in North Britain was sacrificed. Thus, the misfortunes of their collateral ancestor, Sir William Wallace, has passed down to his descendants. Mr. Skene, of Bedford, who has been from accident and paralysis for several years unable to stand, is the only surviving and youngest brother out of five sons of the late Major A. P. Skene, whose two daughters, Mrs. Wilkinson, of Harperly-park, and Mrs. W. Trotter, of Auckland, are also still living.—Bedford Mercury. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY MORNING.--The activity which prevailed in the Havre cotton market up to Wed nesday evening, when the day's sales amounted to 4 ' 665 bales, suddenly ceased yesterday, and only 158 bales moved. off at former rates. The following vessels from New Or leans, with 10,594 bales of cotton, entered the port of Havre yesterday:—Buena Vista, Diadem, George Thatcher, Trenton and Oregon; also the Havane from S avanna h ; Zilla, from Pernambuco; and the Empereur du Bresil, from Rio Janeiro. As the Southampton steamer left, three more American vessels were seen in the r oa d s , names unknown. M. Guizot and family arrived at Havre from Southampton on Thursday. MUNIFICENT GIFT TO THE UNIVERSITY OF in OXFORD. —A truly splendid donation of an entomolog i cal collec tion, said to be one of the richest existence, and of a valuable library on the natural and physical sciences, has just been made to the university by the Rev. W. F. Hope, M.A., of Christ Church, with the twofold object of enriching the new museum, and of assisting the university in the efforts about to be made for the more effectual encouragement of scientific studies. The whole collection of insects sad books is said to be worth 10,0001. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS, July 20. PILOTAGE BILL. (Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.) Mr. WA WN said this Bill had been called a measure of relief to the shipping interest, but before it could claim that appellation, Government must consent to abandon the proposed examination at Trinity House. Admiral BOWLES asked if the concession was to be confined to British ships, and those foreign nations who were under treaties with England. Mr. LABOUCHERE did not believe that foreigners could ever become sufficiently acquainted with our coast to enable them to undergo the examination at Trinity House. Mr. H. F. BERKELEY suggested that some provision ought to be introduced into the Bill for compensating the pilots whom it would throw out of employ. After a few words from Dr. NICHOLL, Sir GEORGE CLERK referred to the evidence of the Duke of Wellington before the Shipwreck Committee, in reply to a statement of the Hon. and Gallant Member for Brighton (Captain Pechell), that pilots were appointed on political grounds, in order to show that that statement was inaccurate, and that they were not selected on any such grounds.—(flear, hear.) Captain PECHELL said it had been shown before the Committee that political influence had been exercised, and the Noble Duke did not explain the matter fully and to the satisfaction of himself. Lord D. STUART said his Hon. and Gallant Friend (Mr. H. Berkeley) who had advocated compensation to these pilots ought to have known that none but lawyers received compensation, and that they, and they alone, were overgorged with compensation.—(Hear.) The Bill was then read a second time, and went through Committee, pro forma, to be re-committed on Monday, at twelve. In reply to Mr. `YAWN, Mr. LABOUCHERE said it was not his intention to introduce a clause to exempt ships from pilotage who returned to the port from which they had sailed in ballast. POOR-LAW UNION CHARGES ACT AMEND. MENT BILL. The House then went into Committee on this Bill. On clause 16 being moved, Mr. BAINES explained that this clause had stood over in consequence of the suggestion of the Honourable Member for Somerset. He had made such alterations as he trusted would be approved of. Captain PECBELL alluded to a case which he had stated yesterday, of a man being kept in the workhouse at Weymouth, whose children were well able to take care of him. He complained that such persons should be allowed to remain in a workhouse. He wished to test the opinion of the House on this subject. Mr. BAINES hoped the House would not divide on this subject without having all the facts of the case before them to which the Hon. Member (Capt. Pechell) had referred. The clause was then agreed to. On clause 18 being moved, Sir H. WILLOUGHBY said the question involved in this clause was whether, in the cases of persons received into the workhouse from accident or sickness, their pro perty should be taken from them by the guardians. He thought the Committee should pause before they gave their assent to a principle involving such hardship as that. He was of opinion that cases wuuld occur under this clause where the summuns jus would be the summa injuria. Mr. BAINES said it had been necessary to introduce such a clause as this, to put a stop to the frauds that were practised upon the guardians by able-bodied persons receiving relief in the workhouse. Many cases had occurred where able-bodied people who had had relief in the workhouses were found to have considerable sums of money concealed about their persons. One man, among many other cases that he could mention, was found to have a five-pound note secreted about his person; and another with so large a sum as 221. 10s. He would suggest that the words of the clause be altered to " any money or valuable secu rity for money," so as to apply to persons in the work house who might be found to have property in their possession. Sir 11. WILLOUGHBY still thought that in the case, for instance, of a young mechanic falling from a house, and in consequence seeking a temporary shelter in the workhouse, he should not hare "any money or valuable security kr money" that he might have about him taken from him by the guardians. Mr. BAINES said there would always be a discre tionary power vested in the guardians to act as they might think right in each paticular case. The 18th clause as amended was then agreed to. Clauses 19 and 20 were then agreed to. Mr. BAINES then rose to move the following clause: —" And be it enacted, that in the case of an equality of votes upon any question at a meeting of the guardians of any union, the presiding chairman at such meeting shall have a second or casting vote." Captain PECHELL thought this would be productive of great inconvenience. Mr. BAINES justified the clause. The clause was then agreed to. Mr. BAINES then proposed the following clause in the place of clause 15, struck out yesterday :—" And be it enacted that the guardians of any parish or union may expend, with the order and subject to the rules and regulations of the Poor-law Board, bit not otherwise, any sum of money not exceeding fifteen pounds for each person, in and about the emigration of poor persons having settlements in such parish, or in any parish in such union respectively, with out the necessity of the rate-payers and owners of pro perty therein meeting, and giving their consent (as required by the said Act of the fifth year of King Wil liam the Fourth) to such expenditure, and such guar dians shall charge the same to the parish of the settle ment in every case where such poor person resided therein, or was removable thereto, at the time of the emigration : provided that the guardian or (if more than one) a majority of the guardians of such last-men tioned parish, shall concur in the resolution of the board of guardians for such expenditure, and that such concurrence shall be signified by the clerk of the union, in communicating that resolution to the Poor-law Board; provided also, that the aggregate amount of the moneys expended in the course of any one year in and about , the emigration of such poor persons, shall not exceed one-half the average yearly poor -rate raised in the said parish for the three preceding years." Sir J. GRAHAM was glad to see the able and con ciliatory manner in which the Right Hon. Gentleman conducted the difficult task he had undertaken as the head of the Poor-law Board. He wished to know from the Right llon. and Learned Gentleman why he had fixed so large a sum as 151. a head for emigrants. For himself, he thought it too much. He also thought the guardians should express their concurrence in writing. Mr. BAINES was not wedded to the sum of 151., and would be most willing to agree to any sum in modera tion that might be suggested. He admitted that 151. was morn than was necessary for the passage money either to Canada or Australia. Sir J. GRAHAM believed that the Canada Company would take a man and his wife and one child out for 20/. Mr. SPOONFdt said that be had applied to that company ,on the subject, and they only required 171. for a man, his wife, and three children. After some observations from Mr. W. MILES, Mr. BARING consented to the sum of 104 being in serted in the clause instead of 151., and that the words " in writing," should also be inserted. Captain PECHELL then proposed a proviso to the clause to the effect of empowering the guardians with out being subject to the Poor-law Commissioners, to give a sum not exceeding 31. for emigration. Mr. BAINES objected to the proviso, and it was withdrawn. The clause, as amended, was then added to the Bill. Mr. WOOD moved the insertion of the following:— "That it shall be lawful for the guardians of any ur.ion, or for the select vestry, guardians, directors, managers, or overseers of the poor of any parish not in union iu England or Wales, and they are are hereby authorised to pay out of the moneys in their hands for the relief of the poor in such union or parish respectively, the cost of or attending the education of the children of parents re ceiving relief out of the workhouse, or of children partly or wholly maintained by means of a poor-rate out of the workhouse, within such union or parish, and also to make contracts for any period not exceeding one year, with any schoolmaster, for the education of such chil dren, and to pay the amount so contracted to be paid out of the said moneys, subject, however, in respect of all such payments as aforesaid, to the rules and regulations which may from time to time be made by the Poor-law Board in respect of the schools at which such children shall be placed, and the maximum amount to be allowed for such payments in respect of each child, whether by contract or otherwise; and all payments so made shall be charged to the common fund of the union, or to the parish where the same is not in union." As the present law stood the guardians had only power to educate the children of paupers living in the union workhouse, and district schools had been established for the purpose, which involved an expenditure of 41 10s. per annum in each child. Now what he proposed was, that the guardians should have power to send the children to the ordinary schools of their neighbourhoods. Most of those schools charged at the rate of a Id. or 2d. per week, and if his plan were adopted, the expenditure would be reduced to more like 4s. 4d. or 4s. Bd. per anuum per bead. No one would dispute with him the advantage of education, since the criminal returns proved that the majority of the thieves tried in the courts, and charged before police magistrates, were persons of an imperfect education, and they might, therefore, reasonably conclude, that in educating the child they were snatching the man from a course of infamy and crime. The clause was then brought up and read a first time. Mr. BAINES duly and fully appreciated the motives by which his Hon. and Learned Friend was actuated in bringing this clause forward. He did not, indeed, yield to any one in his desire to promote the education of the people. He had felt it his duty to oppose it. He did so because it would lead the guardians of the poor to be held responsible for the education of the children of the out-door poor in their parishes. He objected to the addition of this clause to the Bill, and that if it should be passed hereafter that it should be placed upon a more satisfactory basis. The test, that only so long as a person was in the receipt of out-door relief his child should be educated in the way proposed, was a bad and defective test. Again, though he should not shrink from any labour that might be entailed upon him in connexion with the office: which ho had the honour to fill, yet, when he bore in mind the present functions of that board, and that they would have to deal with the accounts of 15,000 places if this clause were adopted, which could not be accomplished by the present board in addition to the functions he had mentioned, he felt it his duty to oppose the insertion of the clause. The House then divided, when there appeared— Fur the clause ... Against it ... Majority The clause was therefore lost. Mr. BAINES moved several verbal amendments to clause 16, which were agreed to. ... 54 ... -41 Mr. WILSON PATTEN moved in the absence of Mr. Heywood—" And whereas by an Act passed in the twenty-second year of his late Majesty George the Third, intituled, " an Act for the better Relief and Em ployment of the Poor," certain unions were formed, com monly callel Gilbert's Unions, of which several still re• main in different parts of England, be it therefore enacted, that the provisions of this Act be extended to the unions so created under the before-mentioned Act." Captain PECHELL opposed the clauge, on the ground that the Gilbert's Unions should not be brought into the Bill. After some discussion, the clause was withdrawn. Captain PECHELL then moved the following amend ments:—" Whereas at the time of the passing of the last-mentioned Act of Parliament divers Rear persons residing in parishes where they had had no legal settle ment, and from which they were not irremovable under the provisions of the said Act, were receiving relief from the parishes in which they were legally settled, or from the unions in which such parishes are situated ; and whereas such relief was in many cases withdrawn under an erroneous construction put on the said Act, whereby the said first-mentioned parishes, or the unions in which they are situated, had to maintain such poor persons, and have incurred great and heavy expense thereby, and such expense is not now re coverable by law under proceedings fur the removal of such poor persons to the places of their, settlement; be it therefore enacted, that it shall be lawful for the Poor law Board to order the repayment to the first-men tioned parishes, or to the unions in which they are situated, or to the overseers of the poor or guardians thereof respectively, by the parishes by which such relief as aforesaid has been w ithdrawn, or the unions in which such last-mentioned parishes are situated, or by the overseers of the poor or guardians thereof respectively, of all such cost of relief as may be proved to the satis faction of the said Board to have been incurred by such first-mentioned parishes, or the unions in which they are situated, by reason of such relief having been with drawn, as aforesaid." Mr. BAINES objected to the clause. The galleries were cleared, but no division took place, the clause being negatived without a division. The Bill then passed through Committee, and the House resumed, The orders of the day fixed for twelve but not taken during the morning sitting will, we understood, be taken at six o'clock. The House then adjourned until six. The House resumed at Six o'clock BILLS FROM THE LORDS. Messengers from the Lords brought up several Bills. OVERCROWDING OF nusa STEAMERS. Mr. CARDWELL wished to ask the President of the Board of Trade whether it was his intention to give substantial effect to the principal recommendations of Captain Denham with regard to the overcrowding of Irish steamers on their passage from Ireland to this country ? Mr. LABOUCHERE said he believed he should eventually adopt substantially and in principle the recommendations of Captain Denham for limiting the number of passengers on board of steamers plying in the Irish Channel. PAUPER CHILDREN. Mr. W. MILES asked a question of the Secretary of State for the Home Department. if the Government intended to take any steps with regard to the number of pauper children in workhouses; and whether the Colonial-office had taken any means of ascertaining whether the colonies, and especially the Australian colo nies, were willing to take some of their children as ap prentices? The number of pauper children in work houses in England and Wales was 56,323, of which number 8,371 were capable of entering into service. Sir GEORGE GREY was understood to say that the matter was under the consideration of the Govern ment, but his reply was almost wholly inaudible in the gallery. Mr. C. LUSHINGTON presented a petition from Westminster, complaining that the House did not repre sent the property, intelligence, or industry of the em pire, and praying for an extension of the suffrage. Mr. C. ANSTEY said on that day fortnight he should move for leave to bring in a Bill to consolidate fisheries pursuant to the report of the Committee on the subject.— (Great laughter.) Lord D. STUART presented two petitions from Marylebone, one signed by 1,100 and the other by 1,500, against Sunday trading. Mr. COBDEN presented a petition from a place in Yorkshire praying for financial reform. NEW ZEALAND. Mr. AGLIONBY postponed the following question, of which he had given notice, till Monday, to ask the Under- Secretary for the Colonies whether he will lay on the table of the House copies or extracts of dispatches received from the Governor of New Zew Zealand of a date subsequent to those already presented, especially those (if any) re lating to the new Legislative Council appointed by the Governor at Wellington, in the Southern Province. FRIENDLY SOCIETIES. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, in answer to Mr. C. Lushington, said it was not his inten tion during the present session to bring in any Bill with respect to friendly societies. JUVENILE OFFENDERS. Sir G. GREY, in answer to an Hon. Member, said it was not his intention to proceed with the Juvenile Offenders Bill. RAILWAY AUDIT BILL. In answer to a question from Mr. B. DENISON, Mr. LABOUCHERE said that a deputation connected with the railways waited on his Noble Friend at the head of the Government, and expressed their intention to oppose this Bill. It became a matter of serious consideration with the Government as to the course they should pursue, and they determined that at this late period of the session it would not do to proceed with such a measure. The House would recollect that the Bill was not proposed originally by the Government, and be did not think it right to strike it out of the list, in order that his Noble Friend should have an opportunity of proceeding with it if he thought fit. The Government thought they would be wasting the time of the House by proceeding with it at so late a period, and his Noble Friend wished him to say, that though the gentlemen who waited on him declared their intention to oppose the Bill, they were aware of the great importance of esta blishing a board of audit, and would give it their best atten tion. He was not prepared to say, from the conversation which took place with his Noble Friend, whether they would themselves suggest such a measure. Ile should rejoice heartily if it came from them, for certainly such a measure from some quarter or other was imperitively called for. Mr. BANKES asked whether the Railway Board would still be continued at the expense of the country? Mr. LABOUCHERE replied that that had nothing to do with the question, and helcould assure the Hon. Gentleman that the Railway Abandonment Bill had imposed on that Board very onerous duties. TREATY BETWEEN DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. In answer to a question put by Mr. SAUNDERS, Lord PALMERSTON stated that ratifications for a treaty between Denmark and the Duchies of Schleswig-Holstein were ratified in Berlin on the 17th for a space of si x m onth s . When the blockade was to be raised was a matter of detail, but he could not tell the exact number of days. It would not, however, be continued but for a short time, and as soon as he had officially received the ratification he should lay it on the table of the House. THE NEW MARRIAGE LAW. In answer to a question from Mr. GOULBURN, Mr. WORTLEY said it was his intention to proceed, if possible, with the third reading of the Marriage Bill on Wednesday next. THE LATE ORANGE AFFRAY. Viscount JOCELYN trusted they would bear with him while he made some explanation in connexion with a recent melancholy occurrence with which the name of a near and dear relation was unhappily connected. He deeply regretted his absence from the llouse on the previous night, when a discussion took place relative to this unfortunate affai ,r which took place in the county to which he belonged. He had, however, nothing to complain of in personal attack made on his relation by the Hon. Gentleman who brought forward the motion, for he admitted the purity and excellence of his private conduct and character among all parties. He might allude to attacks made on the same occasion by other Hon. Gentlemen, and he thought it would have been but fair in them to have told him of their intentions, inasmuch as his Noble Friend and relation the Member for the county Down, 1 and himself, would have been present. He would not, how ever, allude to them further, but to the charges made against his Noble Relative respecting this occurrence. He (Viscount Jocelyn) was informed by his Noble Relative that previous to the 12th of July he was given to understand that a large body connected with the society to which he for many years belonged wished to pay him a visit of respect and affec tion. He communicated with them and induced many hun dreds to stay away. He stated that it was never his inten tion to shut his gates against loyal men, and in reference to what had been said about 5,000 armed ruffians being invited to his park, and feasted until they became inebriated, he de nied that he sent them an invitation, on the contrary, he was desirous of using his position among them, and in the coun try, to prevent any unpleasant collision. His Noble Relative addressed them in his park, advising them to refrain from any violence, and that they would show those who disap proved of their organisation that they were not a faction, driven by party violence to commit crime. He besought them to return to their homes, and on no account to resent any insult which might be offered them. He (Viscount Jocelyn) was given to understand that during all this time there were many Roman Catholics present, and that no ill-feeling what ever was felt. No one could more deeply deplore the unfor tunate catastrophe which had taken place than his Noble Relative; and he ( Viscount Jocelyn) was firmly convinced that no one in that House was more anxious to see party feeling, or party violence, put au end to than he was. He had to thank the House for the kind manner in which they had listened to the statement he had to make.—(Hear.) Sir G. GREY regretted that public business of great im portance detained him last night from being present at the discussion, and assured the House that it was the intention of the Government to bring forward next session of Parlia ment a Bill to prevent all processions whatever of any party, whether Protestant or Roman Catholic, or the display of any arms, banners, isc., calculated to disturb the public peace.— (Cheers.) He had also to observe, that it was a great mis- ' take to suppose that because the Party Procession Act ex pired in 1845 such an armed meeting as that which lately took place was lawful, for the common law declared that any assemblages meeting together, in which the public peace was endangered, was illegal. Viscount CASTLEREAGH said, that he had received a letter from Lord Roden, who, it appeared, had a number of Roman Catholic tenantry in his park at the time, and everything seemed to have gone off happily ; but he did not invite them, he did not entertain them.—(Hear, hear.) But having been connected with the body for so many years, he could not turn a cold shoulder to them. He was perfectly convinced that he took the course best calculated to preserve the public peace. He (Lord Castlereagh) never belonged to that association, and disapproved Of these assemblages. No one, he was sure, more regretted what had taken place than Lord Roden. He was exceedingly happy to hear that it was the intention of the Government to adopt measures to secure the country from such scenes in future. Mr. BRIGIIT said the Noble Lord - should not attempt to lay the blame upon the Government, for those gentlemen connected with the administration of the law in Ireland must know that these armed processions were illegal. He hoped that influential persons in Ireland would combine to put down these processions in future. He wished to know whether any special inquiry was to be instituted? Parlia ment would require it, and the country would expect it. Mr. HUME said that these 1 Ages had been dissolved, and he could not but regret that any efforts were made to keep up party spirit and foster animosities amongst her Majesty's subjects.-(Hear.) He trusted that any noblemen and gen tlemen who countenanced these proceedings would be re moved_ from the commission of the peace. CORN DUTY. Mr. HRRRIES then rose to make the motion of which he had given notice. The remarks he had to make were of a purely financial character, and he should deal with the ques tion as one of fiscal economy alone, carefully keeping out of it all other topics, more especially that of free-trade. He had two motives to address the House on the subject. The first was in reference to the financial statement made some short time since by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, which was certainly neither very flattering nor very satisfactory, but which, nevertheless, was in his (Mr. Herries's) opinion much more so than circumstances warranted. If that were true, and if the Right Honourable Gentleman, to use his own phrase, could only squeeze through the difficulty, it became more material still that some resource should be found to meet the difficulty. He ( Hr. Herries) should not enter into a critical examination of the budget of his Right Honourable Friend, but the accounts submitted to the House sine the Chancellor of the Ex chequer addressed it on the introduction of that state ment had not presented a more favourable view of the in come and expenditure of the country than was stated by the Right Hon. Gentleman. And when he (Mr. Herries) looked at the accounts for the year ending sth July, he was, he confessed, led to apprehend that the probable deficiency between the income and the expenditure would be far greater than his Right Hon. Friend anticipated. In the first item of expenditure, the Customs, he (Mr. Herries) found that the sum received under that head, in 1848, was 19,883,0001., while, in 1849, it, was 20,827,0004, showing an apparent increase of 1,000,0004 But when the amount of corn duties came to be deducted from the latter year's receipts, a differ rents would be found to exist equivalent to 60,0001. or 70,0001. It was clear, therefore, that there was no ground for expect ing an increase in this branch of the public revenue, under existing circumstances. In the Excise the falling off in the income of the last year, as compared with the year preceding was still greater; and though the Chancellor of the Ex chequer attributed it to the postponement of the hop duty and the malt duty, still the fact warranted no hope of a speedy increase. He apprehended the difficult position of the Chan cellor of the Exchequer was not likely to be improved by the events of the present year, and he (Mr. Herries) doubted much whether his Right Hon. Friend would be enabled to squeeze through as he expected. He would now come to the question which he wished to introduce to the notice of the Hpuse. Its object was to derive, from a moderate fixed duty on corn, a large addition to the public income of the country without imposing any additional burden upon the food of the people. Within the last eighteen months much expe rience had been acquired as to the effect of such a duty. In the course of that period the country had passed from a state of free importation to a duty of 75., in March, 1848, which was continued until February, 1849, when, as the House was aware, corn of all kinds was imported free into this kingdom. The argument against a duty on corn, however moderate, was, that it would enhance the p r ice of food to the consumer. The. Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) had, as a qua Protec tionist, proposed a duty of 10s., in 1841, stating that the price would be kept np to 50s. or 605., and no doubt be acted with the full conviction that such would be the case. But in January and February, 1848, there existed no duty on corn, and it would be seen that the importations in the subsequent months were greater. They were- January ... ... 82,000 Qrs. February ... 97,000 „ March ... ... 84,000 „ April ... ... 116,000 „ May 121,000 June ... 112,000 „ In January the price was ... 50s. February „ ••• ••• ••• Ms. In these months there was no duty. The duty of 7s. then came into operation, and the prices were- March ... 51s. Od. April ... ..• 495. 6d. May „. ... 475. Bd. June ... . . 465. 11d. July 475. 11d. August ... 525. 3d. September ... 525. 93. October ... ... 51s. Od. November ... ... 51s. 6d. December ... 475. 6d. January, 1849, was the last month of the duty, which, in February, dropped to Is. per quarter. But the price of corn which, in January, was 405., was in February, 455. 7d., in March 445. 11d., and in April about the same. From the beginning of the present year to the present time the average was about 45s- It followed, therefore, as a matter of course, that these variations in the duty bad not affected the con sumer in the smallest degree, as regarded the increase in price of the article. This conclusion opened new lights on the subject of fiscal economy against which the House should not close its eyes. The question he should propose was resolved by these facts-namely, that a moderate duty on corn might be levied without altering the price of bread to the consumer. If it could be imagined that prices in the country would descend so low as that they would be upon a par with the price at which foreign corn could be brought into the country, they would produce the effect of deterring the importation of foreign corn altogether. That, however, was a question which he would leave to the Government to con sider, and it would be for them to say whether that con sideration, should deter them from that mode of raising revenue at the expense of a portion of the foreign produce at . present imported. There was no doubt that if the price went Bs. or 10s. below what it was at present the effect would begin to show itself by importation being repressed. And a fixed duty would have this effect, also; for he was anxious to state everything openly, fairly, and distinctly. The effect of a fixed duty would be, first of all, to discourage importa tion from those countries in which the price approached most nearly to our own. He did not wish to name any price-he was anxious to avoid fixing any precise duty, and only wanted to discuss the principle of a fixed duty; but what ever duty they imposed, whether it was 65., or Bs., or 55., undoubtedly whenever their price came near that of France or Belgium, or any of the richer countries near to them, they could expect no importation whatever. Other countries in which the corn was of a cheaper character would be still open to them. It was clear that by the imposition of a moderate duty on corn imported from foreign countries, we could de rive an addition to our revenue; and even if that addition were only to amount to 100,0001. a year-whereas the truth was that it would amount to millions-he said that we ought not to neglect ensuring to ourselves that sum, which would come into our Exchequer from the pockets of foreigners. He believed that even a rich Go vernment had - no right to give up such an ad vantage. But a rich country, with a poor exchequer and he believed that was at present the condition of this country-ought, above all others, to raise as large as possible an amount of revenue from sources which would not press on the incomes of the people. Considering how many great in terests in this country were at present calling for relief from taxation, he could not help thinking that it was one of the most imperative duties of her Majesty's Government to throw the burden of our expenditure as much as possible on the foreign producer. Let him remind the House that in the month of January of this year we bad imported 710,000 quarters of wheat. besides 713,000 cwts. of flour ; the total amount which would be derived from that wheat and flour, at a duty of 10s., would not have been less than 530,0001. or 540,0004 In the succeeding four months, that was to say in the months of February, March, April, and May last, we had imported 1,768,000 quarters of wheat and 1,228,000 cwt. of flour, and if the average duty of the five months had been paid on those importations, we should have derived from th a t duty a sum of not less than 750,000/.-(Hear.) The sums we had actually received from the Is. duty imposed on those importations was only 210,0001. ; so that we had lost in that way no less a sum than 040,0001. And that had taken place in four months. The total loss at that rate in a year would have been 1,500,0001. It might be said that a 10s. duty would have caused considerable variations in price. But he did not believe that' it would have produced such a result. He found that in the month of January, 1849, prices had fallen to about 455., and that they had continued at about that amount for several suc ceeding months, although the duty had in the meantime been removed. He did not like to point out any particular duty which it would be desirable they should adopt, but let him suppose that they were to have a ss. duty on wheat, and a 2s. duty on all other kinds of corn-and that was a more moderate proposal than that which the Noble Lord had for merly made-that duty would have brought to the national exchequer during the four months he had mentioned a sum of 760,000/. The mare he considered that subject the more did he become convinced that we might derive a large re venue from a duty on foreign corn with..ut the slightest in jury to any British interest. He admitted that in arriving at that conclusion he took it for granted that the foreign producer regulated his prices by the duties, and the charges to which it was subjected. In fact, the foreigner was com pelled to regulate his prices by the charges he had to meet in the country with which he carried on his trade. It appeared from a statement of the Chancellor of the Ex chequer on a former evening that we had imported in the year 1847 not less than 33,000,0001. worth of grain; and he found that we had imported about 12,000,0001 worth in the year 1848, and about the same amount in the first five months of the present year. Indeed, he believed we had imported more than 12,U00,000/. worth in those five months, because he had taken as the basis of his calculation the average price of corn, while it is well known that the foreign corn introduced into this country, and especially of late years, was above the average quality. France had sent to them in the course of the last year a very large amount of flour and corn at the price of 455. He presumed, therefore, that the importers and growers were enabled to obtain a profit even with the duty of 10s. which was then imposed. If that be so, then it must be obvious that the profit would be considerably greater in the event of no duty being levied. If, as was generally supposed. they paid 25 per cent. beyond the real value of the corn, then France had obtained upon these 12,000,0001. in value 3,000,000/. of our money in the course of the last year. He did not mean to say that the grower and importer were not entitled to a profit, but he maintained that even with a fixed duty the margin would be sufficient to leave a fair profit, while a considerable sum would be obtained for the revenue. It appeared to him that they would be neglectful of the interests of the country, and forgetful of the pressure of taxation if they did not adopt the suggestion he had thrown out to them. lie could not under stand what objections the Government could urge against that most obvious mode of improving their financial condition. The first objection that was urged was, that it was a tax upon food; that was an excellent one when they were repealing the corn-laws. It was an excellent and a popular argument-it was a cry, but it was easy to see the fallacy and the nonsense of that cry. The question was whether it was a tax upon the English subject for his food, and his answer was, that it most certainly was not. Another argument urged was, that it would prevent the importation of corn, but that he had already disproved. A third objec tion was, that the present movement was getting in the small end of the wedge, and that the ultimate object was to obtain a protective duty on corn. But the distinction was easily seen between the imposition of a duty for the pur poses of revenue and the imposing a duty to prevent the im portation of corn. If the statesmen then at the head of affairs could not tell where to stop, then the affairs of the country must be badly managed indeed. He did not mean to mix the present question up with the great questions of protection. It was not protection, but only the means of deterring importation from abroad when prices were very low. It was, therefore, not in any sense of the word a protective duty. He regretted extremely that at a time when trade and commerce here were by no means pros perous they should continue to send such large sums abroad for the purchase of corn, and they ought to bear in mind that they were there to maintain English interests in contradistinction to foreign interests. lie would, therefore, strongly and earnestly urge opon the attention of the Go vernment and the House to take up that question. It was not in his power, or that of an individual Member, to propose the imposition of a fixed duty; and although he might have obtained the same end indirectly by submitting a resolution declaratory of the opinion of that House that it was wise and politic to adopt that mode of increasing the public revenue, he thought it best to leave the question in the hands of the HOUR and the Government. Entertaining these strong opinions, he felt it his duty to urge them upon the attention of her Majesty's Miuieters, and to impress them as strongly as he could upon the minds of Honour able Members of that 11)1160, so that through the House might be conveyed to the country cpiuions which elvers' to him to be incontrovertible, and which woull, if true, sink deep into the minds of the people, ant would create that conviction which ought, and which in ins time would, undoubtedly achieve the object he now so earnestly urged upon the House. He had endeavoured to avoid all irri tating top!cs which might naturally present themselves in connexion with such a subject, and had carefully confined himself to the proposition with which he had set out. it was one of great importance in an economic it and fiscal point of view. If it was true that they would obtain that large amount of revenue which he had referred to without any in convenience or loss to the country they were bound to do so, and when the Ministry and the House became convinced that such was the case, then he hoped and trusted that the labour he had bestowed upon the question, and the patien ce with which the House had li s t ene d to him, would not b 3 thrown away. (Hear, hear.) The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER complimen ted the Right lion. Gentleman on th e c a l m an d c lear manner in which he had introduced the proposition, avoiding 2 as he had done, all those controversial [mints which might have been introduced into such a statement, and he expressed a confident hope that those who followed hilt i would pursue a similar course. With regard to the revenue produceable from the Excise, he repeated the observation s he made on a former occasion, and proceeded to show that there had not been in that departs ment any falling off, except so far as Ireland was concerned. There had been a postponement of the income derivable from Excise duties, but not a great falling off. He felt quite confident that, at the end of the year, the income would exceed the expenditure ; and he not being as apprehensive as the Right Hon. Gentleman, he declined assenting to impose any d u ty, fi xe d or ot h erw i se , on. the importation of cern. He would not trespass on the House by repeating the reasons which influenced him in taking that course. He congratulated the Right Hon. Gentleman that he had disclaimed, in the strongest manner that matt could do, any intention to impose duties for the purpose of in creasing the price o f corn. He congratulated the Hou and the country th a t an llonourable Member of his experi ence, and speaking with his authority, had disclaimed any intention of reverting to those protective duties which never raised the price of food. When the PeeP le f of this country were convinced of the truth the proposition laid down by the Right Honourable Gentleman, namely, that an additional duty of five shillings on corn would not affect the consumers, they possibly might assent to it, but inasmuch as he did not think any powers of human reasoning could so convince them, there was not much p ros p ec t o f t h e i r concurrence being gained. He did not und ers t an d t h e consistency of the Right Son' Gentleman's argum ents . T he Right Honourable Gentle' man said taxation by a fixed five-shilling duty would be the means of deter r i ng th e importation of foreign corn .s, prices were low. Then the effect would be to raise the price, although the Right Honourable Gentleman said hie object was not to raise the price. The proposition he Ir e ; garded in the main as impoliti c and imprudent, and IMP!"besides, besides, opposed to the good s e n se and intelligence of t he people of this country. Mr. SANDARS supported the motion, contendin the t communications which he had received from influg entiai Liverpool merchants, and his own knowledge, derived Iront personal inquiry, convinced him that if a fixed duty Wer e imposed, it would fall on the f ore i gn p ro d ucer an d not c!ri , the consumer in this country. P rev i ous t o th e year 18 4 . 0 their importation had not excee d e d s i x or seven pe r cent: It was generally admitted that the consumption of wheat in this country was about twenty millions of quarters net, year, but he must obse rve th a t i t was very di sgraceful t hat they had no accurate means of knowing what the exact amount of the produce of the country was, and he thought that a few thousands per annum would be well spent in ob taining such imp - •rtant statistical information. As he had made sonic remarks on this question before, he wished fur' ther to explain his sentime n t s , an d h e wou l d add that 0 their necessities should require it, he did not know any duty that would be more advisable to impose than a fixed duty upon corn.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. MITCHELL expressed his surprise at the statement s which had been made by the Ri g ht H on. G ent l em an (Mr. ee Herries), and also by the Hon. M em b er f or W a k e fi e ld (Jur' Sanders), who, as a corn merchant, must be sup po sed te t have a good knowledge of the subj ec t. H e th oug ht ties_ nothing could be more fallacious than to place reliance 141 the opinions of corn-facto rs i n L on d on or i n L i verpoo l. Nett to the United States the Black Sea could furnish this coun try with the largest supply of corn, and competitors in these markets were to be found from the South of France, from Italy, and from Spain. Now, what would a d u ty of five shillings upon the quarter produce? It would produce are; venue of about a million and a h a lf, b ut i t would, at the same time, put ten millions int o th e p oc k e t s o f t h e grows of English corn.—(Hear, hear.) At th e presen t time stock of grain in this country was lower than he had eve r known it to be, and within the la s t mon th t h e pr i ce of o e rr, e had risen in the face of the p resen t fi ne weat h er a nd 01 , 7 1 prospect of an abundant harvest.—(Hear, hear.) He con. also state, and he had the f ac t upon goo d authority, th,ell, the consumption of grain h a d great l y i ncrease d s i n ce i. passing of the free-trade measures— (Hear)—the calculi" tion being that a third more had been added to the coast" mors of bread. Mr. NEWDEGATE said the effect of free trade wou ld be to depress the price of grain in this country to the con tinental level. Such w as th e en d an d a i m of the policy of this country; and to carry it out Ministers were willing sacrifice upwards of a million of revenue.—(Hear, hear.). The farmers and the graziers alone, in 1811, were more ne merous that all the adults employed in cotton manufse: tories, and let them re co ll ec t th a t they were about to sa crifice the interest of the f armers an d graziers to the interests of the factory operative. The Hon. Member then Pr° - : ceeded to show, in corroboration of his views, that, according to returns which be held in his hand, the reductions 01 • the duty on butter and cheese had the result of putting money into the pockets of the forei gners . A ccor di ng t o the, admission of the Chancellor o f th e E xc h equer, a mill i on of duty has been wasted in the first five months of the year. Mr. COBDEN said the Hon. Member who had jest sat down had paid him the compliment of saying that .11 5 was an adept in agitation. The fi rs t thing Y in agitating was to have a good cause—the next thing was for people to persevere even in a bad cause, and they cou ld be ' sure, at all events, to make themsel ves respec t a ble. After alluding to the course pursued by the Protec tionists in the beginning of the session, the Honourable Member said their next exhibition was at W Rooms, and the farmerS were brought from a d'stance to attend that meeting. They were told they were going to get protection, and the meeting terminuted with three chee rs being given for Mr. Disraeli. Then there was the meeting at Drury-lane, where the same story was told to the far mers, but yet. Mr. Disraeli said nothing in his speech of re• enacting the corn-laws.—(Hear, hear.) The session wa s not, however, to be permitted to conclude without another display to keep up the del us i on am o ng th e f arm ers. T h e y 0 had, therefore, the discu ss i on o f t h at n i g h t , b ut th e y had l .' motion; and the Hon. Me m b er h a d en d eavoure d t o explain why he had not made one ; but he knew he could yet intro duce a proposition to the effect that it would be expedient at some time to make the duty on corn eight shillings. -- (Hear, hear.) The fact was, that such a d e b ate was a waste of time— (Hear, hear)—a delusion, if not worse,• upon the farmers, who had been induced to believe that 'protective laws would be given to them. The Hon. Member for Wake field (Mr. Sanders), who had been twenty-five years in the corn trade, said they might have a fixed duty upon corn with out raising the price of corn in this country. But the Hon. Gentleman had not seen one year of a fixed duty. lie ad had the sliding scale, and the Hon. Member had ad mitted that:he (Mr. Cobden) was right in sayingithat in the case of a duty, the people of this country would be paying the amount of that duty additional, above what would be paid in countries where no such duty existed. As to the re ference which had been made to the corn-factors of Mark' lane and of Liverpool, he would remark, that they were not the best judges in such a case. The commission they re ceived was in proportion to the price, and if they made a sale at sixty-five shillings the quarter, of course they re ,. ceived a larger commission than if the sale ' had been made at fifty-five shillings.—( Hear, hear.) It was very extraordi nary for llonourable Gentlemen , to ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer to put on duties, when their business in that House was to prevent taxation.—(Hear, hear.) It was 6 , 1 '4 that a million could be g o t f or duty on foreign corn, bit they forgot that, for that one million, four would be added on the people of this country in the additional p w rice charged corn. If they wish t o i mpose a tax the best way they co t act was, to go and impose it at the mills at once.—( H ear ' hear.) Ile saw severa l petitions presented for a fixed e ll on corn, on beh a lf o f the farmers. That was the " nee dodge"—(A la ug h)—i n order to give what was called rpro tection to the fa rmers . F or his own part, he wond ere d when the Right H on. G entleman the Member for Stainfora was making his statement, why the Protectionists bad O face to brin g f orward such a proposition; and he was re al ly astonished how they cou ld act suc h a sham, or cou ld fac e the farmers after such statements. If the Right Hon • G e l: tieman came to him, h e wou ld g i ve hi m a l esson i n a gric,. tore.—(A laugh.) Th e H on. M em b er for Buckinghamsh' r was the head of a party— a pro t set i on i st party—an d lie a b l' e they were, no doubt, about g o i ng t o t h e country with t cry of fourpence a loaf additi ona l on t h e poor man's bre ad, Now, he would advise them, if they wanted to be a Party at all, they must find out some popular question; the far, mers wanted a re !uction of expenditure, and let them go on that. The Hon. Gentleman, the Member for DuckinghS l "_ , shire, said, in the course of p his speech on a former occasl t that he would never join for a reduction of expenditure u, T ;', h , he saw the country doomed under the present system. farmers, however, saw through them ; they said that th e y had one side for that House and the hustings, an d anoth r for the day of audit. If t h ey got 455. a quarter for their wheat, he should not object; and would it not be better to advise the farmers to exert themselves in the proper cultiv a4 tion of their farms than delude them by the course chef were pursuing? He looked on their whole proceedings e s 8 chimera—as a sham, and had no dotibt the country under' stood them in the same way. Mr. DISRAELI said that the Hon. Member who had )t at sat down had been so kind as to offer Hon. Gentlemen e a that side of the House a lesson. in the art of agitation: O re he (Mr. Disraeli) was ready t o a d m i t t h at i f they w i s hed v ; obtain any knowledge of th a t art, t h ey could scarce ly gave recourse to a more consum ma t e master f or the i r iostructie s,. —(Hear.) The Hon. Gentleman seemed to take some tf. l. 7 ception to the conduct w hi c h t h e patty w i th wh i ch he (Se Disraeli) had the hon our t o b e assoc i ate d h ad pursue d ' cause they had, according t o hi s a ll egat i on, used one lan e guage in that House and another in other places. But t. Hon. Gentleman himself had admitted in a celebrated er a ' tion, if he (Mr. Disraeli) reco ll ecte d ar i ght, that t h a t way one of his own universally acknowledged c h ara cteristic s ; Ile had said that it was a genera l accusation brought ag ainst him that he made use of one kind of language in addressing the House of Commons a n d anot h er i n addressing his fellow-countrymen in other p l aces. T he Honoura ble Gentleman had, however, told them that they could 13 ,°, expect to have their opinio ns genera ll y accepted by country, because they wanted earnestness in the advocacy d those opinions. Now, if they (the Conservative party) , 1 1 0 come forward this sessio n to state i n that House onle' which they had not stated elsewhere—and he utterly denies that they had done so—h e w i s h e d to ask w h et h e r the were not other political gen tl emen w h o, b e f ore Parliam ent met, had aeitated the country i n favour of measures which they had declared to be absolutely necessary for the nations salvation, but who, the moment that Parliament met, 0a become as calm, qu i e t, an d d oc il e, as i f they h a d b e en Ve .. pared to sit. behind the Treasury benches f o r the rest of MT ,, .. career.— ( Hear, hear.) Ile wanted to know what those g i r d tlemen who had called m ee ti ngs in the north of Enland , had submitted financial pl ans t o the people of Liverpool be wanted to know wh a t th e y had done during the last months to vindicate their opinions and to ensure the triump h _„ of the policy w hi c h th e y advocated. Why, less troubleso _if; opponents to a Government, less ardent aria earnest advoca te s of of the principle they professed, he had never known. only with the greatest hesitation that the Hon. Member a t the West Riding of Yorkshire had the other night gene fur into the same lobby with his Hon. Friend the Memberoo Oxfordshire (Mr. Henley) on a motion for a reduction of the most moderate character in the public expennre although • lie had himself formerly declared that that t l e ast 5 ought immediately to be reduced by a t tactician 5,000,000/. ThVgreat financial reformer—the great „ nu —the great agitator—who had come forward wit h a 41°14;