The Sun. — London, England, 1815-05-02 00:00:00

I' ' FOREIGN INTMLIGENCE. VIENNA PA PEAS. VIENNA, APRIL tdrioning Order Of - the Day on the-commencement dt ho - stilities and - the action on the 4th - inst Ton the ratiato-, has ap peared at the head-quarters of the Connnander;in chief o f t h e Italian army, Baron Frimont FIRST OFFICIAL BULLETIN. -" Head-quarters, Eistiena, 6th April, IEIS. ." 'The King of Naples has violated our terri tory with arms in his-hands, and commenced hos- Ailities without any previous declaration of war. At the same time that I acquaint the Army with a conduct so unworthy and contrary to the law of nations, I seize this opportunity of announcing also the first saccessful - military event. " Lieut.-Field-Marshal Baron Bianchi thought it due to the honour of our arms to engage with our right wing. The action took place on the 4th inst. upon the line of retreat assigned him, on the I'anaro at the bridge 'before Modena. UP, wards of 200 prisoners, - a much greater number of killed and wounded, among the latter of whom was the Neapolitan General rllangicro, mortally, were the honourable results of this coufliet. " May the Army, prowl of having corliirmed irs military glory, consider this success .as the pre ludc.to greater and more decisive victories. " FRIMONT, Gen. of Cavalry. Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Italy." SECOND BULLETIN. APRIL 20.—The following Bulletin of the .4rn.?y, respeOng the operations in Italy, hhs appearid : " A Courier, just arrived from Italy, brings .the following accounts from the head-quarters of Baron Frimont, dated 12th April':—The enemy renewed his attack on the tete-de-pont of Occhio Belk), on the Bth and 9th of April, with two strong divisions, but was every time repulsed with tmniderable loss. Baron Bianchi, who had been ordered to take a position before Burgoforte, be tween'tbe Caro Bentivoglio and the Yo, but to bit-rasa the enemy as much as possible, attack ed, on the 10th, in two columns, the etietny's post of Carpi, occupied by battalions of the'division of Carascosa. The action was very obstinate, till at length the enemy abandoned the town in a coin - plete rout, in which 1,2 Officers and 500 men were taken prisoners. The loss on our side is very trifling. " The enemy upon this abandoned Etegzio, and retreated by 'Modena. " Lieutenant-Field-Marshal Baron Mohr has received• orders to advance from the tete-de-pont Bello, to clear the citadel of Ferrara of tt►e enemy. • " In the Grand Darby of Tuscany the di vlslons of Livron and Piguatelli , proceeding along the road from Cortona, had advanced to Florence, after . h►is Imperial flightless the Grand Duke had retired to Pisa. 'Ge►:eral Count Nu.; gent who was with a corps at Pistaia, Yearned that the enemy was directing his march against him, for the purpose of driving him fro;n a posi tion the more disadvantageous to the Neapolitan main army, as' the arming of the mountaineers was forwarded by his presence. lie marched against the enemy, waited for him in a favo►trable position, routed and pursued him to the gates of Florence. " Captain Radisits, of the Quarter - Master. General's Staff, with 7 Lichtenstein hussars 'and )3 Tuscan dragoons, attacked the Lead of the ene- ray's column, And threw it into complete disorder; one Colonel and 32 men belonging to the Guards are among the prisoners." THIRD BULLETIN OF THE ARMY OF ITALY. " APRIL P.—By a Courier who left the Head quarters of the Army-of Italy on the 14th, the fol lowing intelligence is just received :—lt was indis pensably necessary to clearfrom the enemy the point of Ferrara, which was not yet put into a proper state of defence and provisioned. To this end, Baron Frimont ordered Lieutenant-Field-Marshal Mohr . to push forward from the tete-de-pont .of Occhio Bello upon Ravale and Casaglia, in order to attack and drive off the enemy. " This attack was made on the 12th, in the af ternoon, with great vigour by Mohr•s division, while Lieutenant-Field-Marshal Count Neipperg threatened tl►e flank of the enemy. The latter, though Ambrosio's division-had hastened to re inforce him, was completely routed, all his works destroyed, awl by his total retr e at, which took place in tl►e night of the 13th, was for tunately-delivered. " Lieutenant -Field-Marshal 111ohr pnrsued hh n in all directions towards Bologna. Th e regiment of Wied Runkel took" one piece of cannon, 'with some ammunition waggons ; nr.:n!,; prisoners fell into our bands, and the loss of the enemy in killed and wounded was very considerable ;among the latter . ia General AmbroSio. "On our part we have lost ILO k:llflti arid wounded, among iv\iOrri are s.ere,ral parfienlar we lamt'ut misfortune: of the brave Maier- vonovich, Of St. Julien's. who ba3lrist a .leg 'by a cannot. balt T e Genttial of CaValry conunends the nitclubt Of IklarStal- Mohr, and like*ise of General Baron Lauer, wbo gollonilydefended tbounfinished citadel of Ferrara, against tr. , o violent assaults. enat plliee anti its envitnits. The sue ti) 'Se followed in the other places of the Narth. - I,Ve are authorised' p.ublibh this tintice. in this litonitetir there is a i7 - ei f y !wig ii•ticle; i:vithont ansHt;nattire,e(inta;lling specrlations the stAte 61 - which contains iWthiug of iti= terest. (Frwi:ike Journnl tie Par 4) A t . R i L 29. - -Lientenant-GeAeral fiebat r tittni has been charged by the Emperor to orga nise the National Guards in the Departinents of the Noith; of the Pas de Calais, et the Somme and the Aisne; " General Count Nugent repulsed several at tacks on the -10th and 11th at Pistoia, and took from the enemy 40 , prisoners. The CanntS CThaSSet and Clement de Ris, and time Baron Quinettc, have Set out as extraordinary. CommiSSionerS froM the GoVernment. The se cond is at Tours. The third goes to the Depart ments of ancient NormandY. Lientenant-Generai. Reale commands -One of the corps d'arnusc stationed in the Department of the North ; his head-quarters at Valenciennes. The Prussells Oracle announces that Genera! Bournonville, one of the ancient Senators and Member of the Chamber of Peers had arrived at Brussells on the-24th. ." In the different actions up to this time 2000 Neapolitan prisoners have been brought in. " The result of all the operations in Italy proves that Murat has been - obliged to relinquish the of fensive. Beaten at all points he has retreated from the banks of the Pa. His army is demoralized ; the peace of Italy, which be njenaced, is secured; and our army will be ready to attack him in a few days with a superior force, whilst another corps is assembling on thtfrontiers of Piedmont, for the purpose of observing the South of France." (From the Gazette de France) COURIER EXTRAORDINARY OF S-ATUDAY.NIORNING. Count Litie has appointed the Duke de Feltre a Marshal of France., The Duke de Be!tuna has- been charged by Count Lille with a- niisF.ion to the Emperor Alexander. According to the latest accounts, the Neapoli tans had already left Bolrigna, and his Imperial Highness the Archduke Francis, Duk c °I Modena, rifts, lAII uj»C tt 01 tell clay,, had ret t!rubcad on the 13th to his capit a l. "Discontent r.nd alarm ( sa y s the Giornale di ireize:in s:f the 14th) begin to per vade the Neapolitan troops, who find themselves cruelly disappointed in the hopes which they were tant;ltt to indulge. Desertion increases daily among. them, and the horrible eneesse s whi c h they committed have rendered them so odious to the inhabitants that in many places the people took up arms against - thern ": The wounds re-• ceived by the Neapolitan General Ambrosio, be . - fore Ferrara, arc so dong - erons that hi 4 life is dis paired of, as well as that of General Filangieri, who received two halls and four subre-woundi in tIrC first action on the Pamir°. Mr Duke - of Alburcrt (Stlchet) arrived on the 21st inst. at Nimes, to review the garrison and the Nationd It is said that previous to his departure from Naples, .J.aciiiil..:ippointed liegent and diminished all the imposts one-t . hird. Lieut.-General Vandainmh e as Arrived at Me zieres, where he Ir,ls taken the coins:laud t. the forces bt*seinbled at thakpart of llje frontiers. -X (Pronz the Juni fu i I tie l' Empire.) PRANKFoRT,• APAIL 20.-=-Vrilice Wreck must establish provisionallyiiis hewl-Ttarters at Man beim, ivbere a liAvarian le.!,iint:nt - of GeuS d'Arwes has just arrived. ZURICH, APRIL 19.-.-The President has made a report resp . ecting the momentary ; - sppeuratlce of M. Lucien BuonilpArte, Prince of Ciluino, at Prangins, who wished to reside with the,Apos ((the Nuncio at Lucerne, and who lots since quit ted the ,Swiss territory to return to Versoix.—The Pope's Nnncio has a3su addressed the .Diet itt fa vour of the wishes of M. Lucien to remain at Lucerne.—The In kit ter I)%s her ti subtuitted to the . tjouSideration of a Diplomatic Commission. Pins'oant to the demand of the General-in- Chief, the Cantonal Goeernwellts are invited to publish the Ordonnance of the Diet, relative to, the infliction of military . punishment on those who 'endeavour to seduce and corrupt the troops by distributing seditious pamphlets. It has been determined by the Diplometic Com mission, to whom the matter was- cut rusted, .that French Couriers %vho:wish to pars into Germany, through Saitzerlalid, are to present themselves to-. the S'aiss Minister resident in • the country to which they are destined, that there passports way be examined. Marshal Ney and General Trapp ,irne visited the fortihcations, which - the Frilicit arc erecting; With tcdoahlcd activity near Basle and the adja cetit island of the Fit&tit - II FUNDS, Aram 50c. 77,c. 75c. 20c. 58f. So-2f. 30c. 850 f. 5 per ecnb , ... Bank Actions . [R ‘ CCEIVED YESTERDAY AFTERNOON.] • PARIS, Arita. "B:—(TELE(,R.IPI•IIC DISPATCHES.) " 0/az, April Q 7. THE PREFECT OF TI-TE MoSELLE TO HIS EXCEL- LCNCY Tnti MINISTER OF GENRRAL POLICE-. " The King of Prussia has ordered, by procla mation, the inhabitants of the right batrlc of the Moselle, ceded by treaty, to take the oath of fide lity to hint ; but a Proclamation from the Aus trian Commission established at Creutnach 11113 forbidden them to obey that of the King of Prussia. , MeV' try, two of-cavalry, or. its The svoirlif.,ireparetionS which :ire To3de'i,l'orf Ise us- tiottsvithstinidi4 the assurancesrbt being the lanip'ei•or's i•esOliition not to tli'''",lceiol peace of Eunipc, the hope I I'll:. of again-loweting the 'lor 61: our drins, posing on France a reign yohe, trets,sol6°,' with indigfiation. There is not one 611"i1ts, or soldier, Ikti sloes 4I riot feel 'that' if 1-';'lor, is for the national honour, anti the ~,;, of his country. We are impltienily r 5 ill Belgium, which; if attacked, °u few days." stilly The sth volume of the ("entelii• "i„• without any alteration having been lii"(1-1:1,0 as was designedly rept-h.-led. ineature of Goverunient, the author tin° :erg° lost all the interest of being a Tictini, speculator has-lost the profits of a -,lljice" work itself all the. attraction of belQg book. -- • in e`' CALAIS, chAli=set or, communications with England. Yeste;(l3loP rived au English vessel laden with soPri • tbe , and cotton. The news from England is very—vari'lbi.eri J.. ournals appear to be warlike, and Yet st lisp merchants trite that Car.gOeS 1119 Y .fr 0513- them with perfect safety, and that tbeY those which they send. . • coca lan EXTRAORDINARY .OF FRIDAY 110 The Emperor went a Inintin esteroel" ,1,111(;i According to letters from IV!4 Yirs‘tel, ya eptp_ebaert: tail() 11 d ;1; of !.- icDolg 1 . Ltf tel'S front Italy state, that tlic 1.-- „Icl . il pies •commauded in - p c i• s i- m - t f ie „ ti xkii 07,, , , ( 1,40 , and (.),:chio I. In), and that he w.u; , v< ill ' in • e °‘ • , , rc il:, i c i lt s rt i ' l l e ec il l t t:: ll o 13; 1. ..,: 0 (,,, , , :::; ,i;ec b t 1 . -n more recant , r''' . et — 1 '`" ' i ~ 1 , We ore aSSltrtql, • diat the- T-;;miieror ''',. '" off to visit the fronti e r t owns t ill'aholtt c ''' , May. • , • - „..,!..?-% ...—. --.---- -- .- --- • - •c,St r Ao .Iffe' ..Z/ T a NUVl,'.ll(itis . ,i ( - ,,- •T - L,i'll•l- , , -0 , - „i - k,.. ING Of the '''C'O.:l'.'Sli'l-111-7..E‘ o ftl,6Yi ll '; -1 :". '1)45 PENDENT LIVERY of LONDON, t i;:ld the ''. ;:t, ~ ilJay, 1815, at•the London Tavern, Ilislisiisgit e ' ll l ' :C" . 'iis CI - lIIINTOV,VER SMITH, Es: Al,l e nnan, i') . 1 ,,',.„:re•..,,i That this Coalo:itit-c has e seen -. witli the det'P e .' , :iii'`' l ia ' ; / ' Ites:Aptins of tliel3A Connpon Hall, and are "` u .'.:•ote'cr the Livery of Lendim are thereby vossly niiirer':::r ii rc' ,lo f - raditecti, and that the luYal amd Independe nt '-' / 0 ) .e. ,1 ' 1. " peiiiously called upon to ::inflicatetheinselves. fr"l ., ,, . ,1' which, hy su.:ll Ilesolitinn , „ h a , b ee , ~,t; ' woo lbt,',,.th',„( Resolved up.mitnen , ,ly—'(liat' a cii ‘ itiful Ad d , reL ? i i ;i °l , l e'•' ° fore . presented hi the L,val and f l plepzao ,,,, ' , t , Cie ii llroenst,i,,oifn Statet ihi 3 ,, ) i c , ) ,, y , 1 1 1 1 i L I:I , i.:; 1 ir li ,i n i, :_• .. ! , 3 e t!) , e r e l.: , r i i , p , ce ,)f It t f 4 ;, ' o f t l ;', 4 l ' ( , * ri O' that silch pleasures will he adoptecr hy his rkli+i ess. . ' o f• Li i .f,Lii, ID I . n %., iII C.., nj Ur) C ri; ) 11 Aril ' 11 his Aliies is %yin Set Lirt i!,oe - ,, ‘'' and the World those 131,, 5c i,,,,,.,i', e y Dar e so - ~ber.d • by the 'P c./ f,i earned, and which are now elpipare.red - li'' . .f I%;:ipole.ti Litt 013;tparte. . , 4 a, 4 .ro. rit,,,h.ed ...ii,,,,,,,,1 3 - 11 ,, t tie sitid Addre- - , os. the Signature‘ of the Livers- at t';i3 I.'.lversi, 0 ' 1,6 • Friday next. • i it i v ir' ,. Resolved upanimonsly--That the forezoing' ll , : ;', 3 f< l l ,3 '' ' .,q , signed by the Chairman, and publisheil fin thc .s,":','„,p3 o- ' / (Signed) CHRISPOPI - 1;;;11. SMITI I9 '''' .*' - ' 7 -..--r% AIAILS. Frai.:ce, I (;11,- -, ),..v .refFOC, 1 F S'i ()C:t•S Batik Stock,- - 'kink b. :loft: t ., • , ._ ~, ,r. "" Cell" it"'. . 0 s'll I indi3 '.-Z,„sdi. I' , -; • ..,.. , • - 4 - 3 per Cent. Coift. 57441 • E*,:cliefl• ilir". -7 '. • 1 leer Gent. C00,3.71.k,i o,ip.iiiin , 7 ,1 per t'ens•Na - t-v Ann. 86414 Coos . for AlaY , 0 ' x 4 _, . PI: ICE Tills DAY A I I 41 ~;{1~i y 111(iii WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE T ( '`' ; ,, ,0 1e. Niurililig*, aiiiitttes alter 9, I E vc . l ,i ti g, 53 nik3".- _t_ - p - 4 -1 C - 4 1 • 11 1, 1 -4 L 5" sor.Em I S 1)1C:::ZE FA LSC'.7.I A•H' tf LONDON, TUES D.l 1", .11:1 3' n, 1815' THREE OFFICIAL BULLE-4.TISzi 0f 11: 0. 1 AUSTRIAN ARMY IN ITALN --913FF {O' OF MURAT AT ALL POINTS, 1115 TREATi AND R:ELINQUISI -1:110'f OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS. . • "It is-said that Dutch troops are 'replacing the .. PfIISSittIIS at Lti.xeinborg4' The following is the most recent intelligence from Strasburg :- - APRIL 23.—0 n Thursday,. Ihe 20114, the bridge of Kehl was definitively closed, and the • 1 g • if' Baden Go‘•ernmen ti t a l s i t a2 . i7errupted all communi- ) rt: l ' ./ t e .i a .o t i i .} m ma b i e l t h A e V i C i e n n to its subjects and th e right bank, ' The above intelligence, so truly in'il" „'ild 1 • de' off ' the present crisis, wilt be fotind f oll y • mil , No force has arrived from the interior on the Ati str l "" ' oi ° the three Official I.3tillet:ns of the 0, 0 ,0 , ~ right bank. .The Austrian army has received ' - counter-orders, and the corps' w• i hich Were march- w;bich :are translated into 'otir prece` li ' ~Nool ' ' ' wi l e 0. - il E' ing to, the R.hine are sent to Italy. from Fienna Gazettes to the 23,1 olt. -,-- t Lpt r7r.s . rt " 4Pittt, 24.--FrOtn Offenhiirg to Kehl there are only between three and 4000 Baden soldiers,' ' In , is a summary of these operations.' The l t : ie e/ () ,..t - and a t Kehl 1000 Austrian. This small Army_ tin contains an account of the a ction ()- 105.t 0. corps is under the or.! ers of the Austrian General ' the.Panaro in which the leftavitrr of 6° ' , :Pc ti z., u ctsl' .%. ,- IR; s , ~,I, Volk mann. • : : " In the Ortenan and the Breigatt is expected under General 131'am:lit, successiu-/ 1. „ 7 0u t - G. ''' (:.-'1 has a column -of 10,000 Austrians, the head of-which • d_ef'ensive affair with the enemy: - 6 ' ,313,) 6.-' 0 , , ,, has arrived in the vicinity of i - -;tatigtirdt. - • .• soners, al . ol 'wounded it is sAid tor t •,il 5 . t , ( , / t r/Reil '''' I " It was said at Vienna, on the 16th, that the. rat i, .t..iteINGLE,III The Second Pif-: ' co • ~d .)" io; Emperor - Alexander was retiring to PetershurLch.:' • . -.-• - • . •on an invitation of the Senate, who -were alartiled 'nm-F serious attack of the I. „ d. „bic l ) f l 0 at the al - S'of Sweden." . We are assured that the funds of the Company N,i,.„ - t,l) lee" „Itti', . the Tete-de-pont at Occhio Bello, 19 '... , to * , NI , 0 . of Proprietors, recently establislied in the Rue de further'' , • tueal ' .•iiiu politans were twice repulsed wi• ~ ..L l L' Mont Blanc, the destination of NVliich is to lend action on the loth kt ' Cli.Pl- % - A' r '' ' ' 'e' money to every holder o f immoveable property, in which BIANCIII'2 division Q 1 tl ' e feti t . r oo- ..., at the most moderate interest, bas just presented were the assailants, anti cotuplete!Y . li er:'., to .Yovernment" a means as simple as effectual of ~ u rns° ~,or" , , , , ~ , foe, taking If? officers and 500 me" 1 , 0 ( -I ()wattling nntneciAety 300 .millioits, without 're- . oo'.` , r / ir4 sorting to thy kilOvill SySICIII of taxation, loans, in consecuence Of this defeat; •M LTI " The , • ' 1 : ~.. . pr'paper money! The capital thrown into cite!;- R 4 . 7 . - • 'and fell b ac ,% by m o deila• - 11 1,1,.. .. lotion Will be uxtiaguishe'd in about 10 years by a n e i1 1,,,, h ::: e ~ s i ! rl" .. r. , lurrates the particulars 01 " --r4' .:. gradual and almost insensibl e diminution • and -1---:-.1- this capital not being loaded with ativ interes ' t, o r - torious advance of Generals Mona s" ( 1 ~ '3''''''' ' C l'"':, Vi I)tqlce, either from the forms or clogs who, while BIAN-CHI was beating t '''* o le tn:,iti;,,ih 'stiluYgerxnoney hitherto establibilei,l, will never- j .a- )., occiw' ji ~ tkerk,s cuter „,i f how em.at into an the transac _ tans on one_ sitle, Marched from ••• ,I 5 tai i. , it , . tionS of blisines's, and will rctiten Jo the ti * easury "la o f Governme.nt to the general satisfaction. 11 as the other side ; - 1 - • lel; • •-• ',.' • ' *a• 'The . t etl' l'l vtde and Castglia, In aceoinplis h .` ,t ,,,0 v , • -,•a•ii 1- .1.(.1 .1 (Arai t it , ' .49' we have every reason to believe, the inforination , 19 ; b, (I C Ml' Io us be correct, the chest of the -p!'o.. flirts querter took place on tne -, :roA , . 110 , prietors will have deserved- well of the public, was defeated and pursued toward s 13°1o " if e is I ‘ l since it will have solved the most difficult problem AIII3RoStO whit) Colllllla - " isi°" % vif c : :. ad:A this otv i ii political economy. - I ) - Il d 00 .1 ' . A s"Perior °Ricer writes as follows from Lille, ' ed'. (other- acc.'lulits say "%°° den) a P. where lie has a command :. . . - -' .1 . cif cannon and many prisoners were,fake4. hits ? Ill'. " We ,have already here four di s vis ions of in- I The report of liPutlA - f's beizi. vrutin de P FRENCH PAPERS. ,LECF.IvE D THIS MORNINGI (From the Moniteur of the 290;) PARIS, APRIL 28.—The Emperor to-dav went to the Polytechnic School at 2 o'clock. He was not expected. Tlig following details are gi . ven by a 'traveller, who has spent some time in the chief places of Germany, and left Vienna on the 20111 of this month There was news at 'Vienna from Warsaw to the 13th, at which time no troops had marched.— The Poles are discontented, and the Russians who have been ordered to be .ready for immediate sec , vice manifest a - great repugnance for a distant and Unjust war. The number of the Russian forces who were to depart about the end of April was 80,000 men, of whom it is calculated that no more than 70,000 or 75,000 can reach the Rhinc. He met no Austrian troops on their march. On the 22d they were still in cantonments, excepting those who had been sent to Italy. The Bavarian army, 20,000-strong, was on its march ; as were also the Wurteliburg and Baden troops. All these are very badly inclined to the coalition, and the officers loudly say, that the abasement of ,France would ruin the independence , of their country. The Prussian troops we're also, on their march, but much contrariety of opinion. oval observed at Berlin on the subject of the War, which they be gan to see was impolitic and unjust. The mosity between the Prussians and Saxons was excessive. Th e Congress at Vienna continued its sittings. The feeling at Vienna was strongly-against the War.—lt was thought absurd that Atistria should totally destroy its finances. The exchange was at 410. the interest felt in the young French Prince daily increases; and he is obliged to be shown every day ,to satisfy the public.—The Empress Maria Louisa was at Schnenbrunn, and went every clay to Vienna, to see- her son; The under standing of this Prince is very forward.—He was early informed of the landing of the Emperor.—He kept the intelligence secret for 15 days,•and when his Grandfather told him the news, he seemed not to have heard it before. lie manifests the. utmost impatience to return to France, and says every day, " Shall we set out soon? - . The Castle of Bayreuth is tarnishing for Prince Eugene, to whom the Congress has fulfilled none of the promises that were so. profusely made. The most ridiculout reports are circulated at Vienna to amuse the people. Quarrels were per-S petnally taking place between the Prussians anti Austrians. If war took place, the Allies could not be in the field before the end of July. Italy not included, they cannot bring forward above 350,000 men.— It was pretended that the Emperor was supported by the Jacobins, which obliged him to have re course to the Champ-de-Mai, and other embar rassments, from which he would scarcely be able to extricate himself. It was said, that a new Convention had been concluded at Vienna between the . Allied Powers about the end of April. It was reported that the Emperors of Prussi a , an d Austri a would be at Prague towards the end of May, to see there the advaneed guard of the RuSsian troops. The Moniteur of this date contains a long essay on the new Constitution, by M de czi —smondi. LILLE, APazt. 25.—The organisatiim of the Na tional Guard goes on with much activity. In a few days the batalions ,df grenadiers of Lille will be complete. AccOrdine• to instructions from the General inChief to the Field-Marshal Fern ig, the strong places are of preference to be defended by the citizens of these cities, who are to form part of the active contingent ; thus time fortress of Lille will be entrusted in preference to the Citizens of i ~! ~1 ~~ a .: ~~ .i, ~Y '~