The Sun. — London, England, 1855-12-13 00:00:00

IiVIADAME JENNY GOLDSCHMIDT-LIND. EXETER-HALL, Monday Evening, Dec 17. Mr. MITCHELL respectfully announces that Mendclssohn's Ora orio of ELIJAh will be performed on Monday next, Dcc. 17. Principal Singers Ms; Dolby, 21r. Lockey, Madame GOLDSCIIMIDT, Miss Biesser.t, Mr. Lawler, and Mr. H. Braham. Doors open at Seven, to commence at Eight o'clock. Haydn's Oratorio of TEII CREATION will be repeated on Thurs day, Dec. 27, in which Madame Goldschmidt will sing the principal Soprano part. The Chorus and Orchestra for these performances will consist of more than 600 performers. Conductor, M. Benedict. Prices of admission.—Seats i❑ the Area, Seven Shillings ; West Gallery and Body of the Ball, Ten Shillings and Sixpence; Reserved and Numbered Seats, Cl. Is. All applications in reference to Mr. and Madame Goldschmidt's intended Concerts, either In London or the Provinces, to be addressed to Mr. Mitchell, Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street, London. MJULLIEN'S CONCERTS. ~, ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. HERR KCENIG'S BENEFIT—THIS EVENING. Most positively the Last Night but Two. Herr Koenig has the honour to announce that his Benefit will take ; place, THIS EVENING (Thursday Dec., 13), on which occasion the following most attractive Programme will be performed :—Overture, It 11 into Magico ; Le Comte Ory Quadrille ; the Andante from Beethoven's Symphony In C minor ; La Prima Donna Valse ; 0 luce di quest' anima, and The Forest Fairy, sung by Madame Gassier; The Rataelan Polka ; Solo, Cornet-a-pistons, The Exile's Lament, by Herr Koenig (Ills last appearance th's season) ; Grand Quadrille, the Fall of Sebastopol, assisted by the Military Bands; grand Selec ti m from Verdi's Opera, II Trovatore (last time); the PeUssier March ; Irish Melody, The Last Rose of Summer, sung by Miss Ellen Williams; Solo, nate, by Herr Reichert; and Vive l'Empereur Gator). Commcnce at 8. Promenade and boxes, Is. ; dress circle, 2s. 6d. ; private boxes, 125., 11.15., and I'. Its 6(1. Jullien's Grand Annual Bal Masque will take place on Mon day next, Dec. 17, 1855. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY•LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS EVENING, Will he performed KATHERINE AND PETRUCHIO. Katha rine, Miss Glyn ; Petruchlo, Mr. Barry Sul ivaa. Attar which, TAKE THAT GAr, AWAY, in which Mr. Chas Matliews will appea - . F 'rowed by PAT TEE VERSUS CLATTER. Captain Patter, Mr. C. Mathews; To conclude with a Ballet Divertissement. THE 4.TRE ROYAL, YMARKET. trader the Management of Mr. Buckstone. TUTS EVENING, Will be performed 'HIE MAN OF MANY FRIENDS. Princi pal characters by Mesira. Buck tone, Compton, W. Farren, Rowe, ant Chaplin, ant Mrs. Poynter. After which, the Spanish Dancers. Followet by THE 'LITTLE TREASURE. After which, a BALLET, by the Spanish Dancers. To concluic with FESII OCT OF WATER. 4./Y NCEIB'3 FIFIATRE, OXFOILD-SrRENT. Under the Management of Mr. Crwmai Kum. THIS EVENING Mill be perfumed the TUstorical Play of Lours xr. loui , of-France). by Mr. C. Kean. To conclude with TILE Amu: rEER OF TOLEDO. Prlnelpa , characters by Messri. W. Lacy, Malley, Everett, Raymond, and Cooke ; 'lll3s C. Lelerc,i, Mrs. W. Daly, and Mies Murray. TUEATRE ROYAL ADELNIT. Pnprietor, Ur. B. Wesster.--15irectres3, Madame Celeste. Tll TS EVENING. "1:1 Porrorme,l SA.NE P P ZIDE Charalters by Niessrs. B We)st , r, P. Pe Iford, Se Mond, M0r.11. , n,i, (larder', C. J. Smith, and (n ; Madame Cel,ste, Mie Diary Kedey. Tn e:rn't ate with VALENTINE AND ORSON. R /TAT. 01.1iVPIC THEATRE. Tflll EVIV.TING. ir I w. per:own'l STILL IVATi.:IIA DEEP. TorowA by £5 'RETARD. To ..,)1(.1.!,1,?, CATCHIG A IiERIIAIO. ROYAT. TXCEIJII THEATRE. f.eisec, Mr. J. ti. Anderson, 18, Norfolk-street, Strand. LAST FEW DAY:,, Tr, , _.,reased AttracConl, an,l 911 , _!C233 in equal ratio T:11.1, AND EVERY EVENING, at Eight o'clock, 'e•oreientel, with entire y New ant Nfa,Tailleant Appaint mnt;, if drat; is twelve acts, arranged in two parts, by Professor Anderson. Aft , * the startlinT ililatrations of Soirit-RAppin7,. HALF AX- WICII T tiPtiti b2iog the roost surprlling anl i - ttsr^ , ting series of experiments ever given within the walla of any theatro. 11,17 7 ,11, in art itunrovel form, of the vtomylini: noveay which s'%vit,l Lo•tiott It) yeArs no, the UItEAT GUN TRICK! of U. 113. 51. ald U. Is. ; 0,- c; Ataill, 43.: Dr ,- ,53 Poxst, 33.; Uppor MOXI4, 23.; Pit. s. ; arp, 61. Na ilair-prioa. Box-olTic open from 11 to h ?error ',lance on Satn-lay Next at Two o'Clock. Door: ojen at Ilaif-past One. tSTLEY'S ROYAf. AMPHITUFATRZ. 7.3 ea and Mana:cr, Mr. Wm. Cooke. Imamle Sil7,Ce33 of Rockwood Tiffs spirited a:id exeitinz Hippodrome (with Turidn's Ride to York) enOra;es the principal events of Ainsworth's Ilookwool. THIS EVENING, TURPIN'S RIDE to YORK; or, the Heir of Rookwoad. Hair brall V: escapes of Turpin. Terrific leap over a five-barred gate by the mare Black " Bes+," tralnel by Mr. William Cooke. L-st Week of Mlle. Clementine Soullier in the SCENES of the CIRCLE. Mr. J H. Cooke's FLIGHT of the BRIDGE, &c. To conclude with a number of Amuslng Entertain:mists. Gigantic preparations are makin3 for the Grand Christmas Panto mime, wzitten by Mr. Nelson Lee. open from Eleven till Four. Stale Manager, Mr. W. West. Equestrian Director, &fr. W. Cooke. tun. WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T:118 DAY—Morn. 17 min. aft. 4—Evening 39 min. aft. 4 T.)-310BROW—Morn. 3 min. aft. s—Evening 29 min. aft. 5 THE ITLITHER.—SuN OFFIOE, Dec. 13. • THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 33 - highest since noon yestertlay. 30 -Zowest this morning and during the night. 36 -this day at noon. BAROMETER, 30.10. Wn.rt, N.W.—Moderato, with sharp frost. t r . ri77l) LONDON, THIIRSDA.Y, DECEMBER 13, 1855. THE RUMOURED FALL OF KARS. SUN OFFICE, 771-ee o'Clock. Even as yet nothing certain is known as to the Fall of Kars. No official intimation upon the subject has yet appeared. Something positive one way or the other may transpire during the course of the evening. A Cabinet Council, it may be observed, is now sitting, at the Foreign-office, and we shall, of eourse, be vigilantly watchful for the earliest authentic information vouchsafed by the Government. We C3nnot affect to regret the acquittal of Father VLADIMIR PECHERINE ; in fact we are glad of it. The folly of Bible burning was only surpassed by the folly of prosecuting it, and the greater folly has got its reward. No one will suppose we defend the insensate fanaticism of the Redemptorists ; respectable Catholics disown it as much as we do ; it was degrading for any man of education and good breeding to do or to coun tenance the doing of such a thing. We may add that, in this case, where the offenders knew that the volumes burnt were to a great extent a faith ful translation of originals held sacred by all Christian churches, the transaction, even in the most Catholic view of it, has an offensive bravado of impiety about it which must disgust all serious minded men. Every one who has read the two must be aware that no honest admirer of the Douay version can regard the authorised version with contempt ; just as no admirer of the autho rised version, which, with every minor defect, is the most exact version of the originals in exist ence, can yet despise the frequently felicitous ren derings of the Douay translation. None but the illiterate rabble, and t h ose who woo the rabble, C;3111d be guilty of so irreverent and wanton an act as to burn either. The infamy sought to be at tached to the book can only attach to those who insult it. All this, however, is rather a reason for lettino , the self-degraded alone. Their acts carry their own punishment with them. But, more than thi s, we maintain that no other punishment is appro priate t o th e o ff ence . We have no faith in help ing the ALMIGHTY by judges' charges, juries' ver dicts, and civil penalties. Does any one believe that the Author of our Nth approves of such aid ? Had PONTIUS PrrATE not only followed up lips conviction 3 and acquitted Him, but offered to imprison all who insulted him, does Judge CRAMr- TON believe he would have accepted his services ? Had Yaw proposed to • • imprison these who burnt P AUL ' S Epistles or the Gospels, had they then existed, would PAUL have thanked hi m ? we must think that all prosecutions in defence of worse than useless : Christianity or the Bible ar© THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EV ENING, DECEMBER 13, 1855. they are anti-christian. They are a resort to weapons forbidden to Christians in defence of their cause. It were quite another thing had the foolish Father taken a Protestant's Bible from him and burnt it, or had he caused him any personal an noyance and injury. The law should protect every penny of our property, and hold our per sons inviolate ; but this saint, with a Russian name, only burnt bibles, which were his own, either by gift or purchase, and surely he had a right to do what he would with his own. Grave Judges and Crown Lawyers, however, manufac ture a civil crime out of a Catholic's ill-bred and irreverent use of his own ` property. The pro perty belongs to the Catholic, but he must con sult Protestants as to his use of it. This appears to us to be sheer folly. The worse folly, how ever, is the elevation of a vulgar bigot to the rank of a martyr or a victor, and defending Divine Truth by the profane weapons of common law. If the Bible bo of GOD it wants not the official protection of Mr. KEOGH and Judge CRAMPTON. Its dignity is lowered by their interfereice. It was burnt by DIOCLETIAN and others long before the time of the Redemptorist Father and the Judge, but it never yet sustained dishonour by the fires of the hater, or despiser ; too precious to be purified, too heavenly to perish, the flames have but proclaimed its immortal worth ; and at the present time the Sacred Volume enjoys an ex tent of circulation, with a degree of honour and influence, which it never had before. All that could burn at the hands of those who fear it In be replaced in a few revolutions of the steam press, by the mechanics of trade ; but the holy revelations the book contains are beyond the power of Father PECHERINE to disgrace, or of our courts of law to defend. The Popish fanatic could wheel the paper and print in his barrow to the fire, but he could do no more ; the judge could protect the paper and print by law, but could do no more. The mistake of each was kin- dred ; one thought he could discredit eternal truth by physical insult, the other that he could defend it by physical force. Divine truth itself smiles equally on either vain attempt ; of the two it fears more from such a defender than from the enemy. As to the trial itself, it is clear the jury cluld but acquit ; no one doubts that the accused was guilty of the act, but it is equally free from doubt that it was not brought home to him by legal evidence ; whether this were by " management" or not, we are unconcerned to inquire, since we are glad of the result. His conviction and punish ment would have made him a far greater man, and created more bitterness against the sacred book which would have been the innocent cause of it. It is worthy of note that his escape was just by those means in which Irish peasants, and many Irishmen above that rank, exceedingly de light. Nothing pleases Paddy more than beating the law in its own courts. It is pleasant to him to defy it by force, but to fight it, and evade it, when beyond all doubt guilty, is with him the masterpiece. He exults infinitely more in acquittal though evidently guilty, than in proved innocence ; so now it is three cheers for The Redemptorist Father, and three more for the Bible burner who beat the Judge and his Attorney-General—if, indeed, he really beat the latter. We earnestly commend the admirable letter of Mr. J. C. SALT—which will be found in another part of this day's impression—to the attentive consideration which it so eminently merits. Mone tary Reformers are greatly indebted to the Times for having elicited this clear and convincing state ment on a topic of such vital consequence to the best interests of the community. Mr. SALT is not the man to be put down by sneers or sickly attempts at wit. He grapples fairly with the question, and points out distinctly and unequivo daily the serious evils which the industrious classes have endured, and are enduring, through the effects of the unwise and impolitic law now in operation—a law mere injurious to the best inte rests of the community than the War in which we are involved. The bullionist organ having thought proper to indulge in a little jocose personality agair st Mr. SALT, could not refuse from publishing his reply, and our readers will concur with us in thinking that the Leviathan has by no means the best of the contest. The Times fancies that it has male a bit in catching at the words " I promise to pay," as if that payment could not possibly be made in any thing but gold. It seems to forget that for twenty-two years such promises passed current throughout the country, and that by means thereof England was able to maintain the gigantic straggle in which she was then involved, and to bring it'to a successful termination. Gold was then a commodity which varied in price like any other article of merchandise, which was bought and sold in the market. The 1/. notes, which circulated freely from hand to hand, although merely issued by a trading corporation, were never refused, or treated as " worthless rags," simply because the parties to whom they were tendered knew that they could get rid of them at any mo ment, and that the possession thereof gave the fortunate holder a command over all the neces l caries and comforts of life proportioned to the nominal amount thereof. These notes were re quired solely for our internal commerce, and, as the Times has acknowledged, there was no neces sity for gold " being held against them." When gold was required to adjust the balances of trade with other nations it could easily be obtained at its pro per price, and we believe that from 1797 to 1819 there was not a single instance of persons who pos sessed Bank of England notes being unable to convert them into bullion at its fair market price. There wa s, therefore, no inconvenience nor annoyance. Our merchants prospered, and every well-disposed operative was certain of obtaining that which was ambition—" A fair d a y' s wages for a Industry thrived, and the na burdens a o re e fair t h i i o s n hdi w agy a ll' s ess t e w n o a r b k le " d to sustain enormou s through the beneficial o p eration of " promises to pay, " that were accepted i nliuidt not in of e m every public charge or duty, although e in bullion. redeemable It seems almost an act of insanity to discard an instrument that proved so useful in a very serious emergency. The currency quacks were not, how ever, content to leave well alone. They inter• fered with that which was really beneficial to the country, and practically doubled their own fur. tunes and the burden of every public and private debt throughout the entire Kingdom. They made the national industry dependent on the possessors of a commodity not procurable in England, or by Biitish labour, and paralysed the creators and pro• ducers of national wealth by unfair and impolitic restrictions on the circulating medium, which has been truly described as the very "life-blood of in dustry." We have witnessed the calamitous re sults. We have seen working men cast out of employment and starving with their families, un profitably consuming the resources which, under a wiser and more equitable system, they might be largely augmenting. We have seen men of un questionable Honesty and talent brought to the verge of ruin from fluctuations in the of the supply of bank - notes, and consequently value of money. We have seen even the Bank ofEogland itself reduced to the most serious straits, and only saved in 1825 by the accidental disco very of a box of 1/. notes, and in 1847 by the virtual suspension of the Act of 1844. We wish to prevent the recurrence of such serious calamities—to provide a currency adequate to the wants and exigencies of the country, which will not be liable to such constant alternations. This can be accomplished solely by the issue of a really national note, based on, and proportioned to, the taxation and charges which the people will have to meet. If such notes be the only ones receivable in payment of taxes or dutiesi, they must maintain their value. There will be a constant demand, and a with drawal from circulation of at least a million, or possibly a million and a quarter, per week. The issue should, of course, be controlled by parties responsible to Parliament. This would surely be better than placing it under the management of a body unconnected with the State, and who can act as their own fancies or personal interests indicate.; At present Great Britain is practically a partner with a trading corporation. By the Act which authorises the issue of the 475,000/. additional notes the profits thereof are to go to the Exche quer. This participation in profits practically constitutes a partnership. The nation is, there fore, liable far every debt of the Bank of England. This is not very creditable, even to a nation of shopkeepers. If notes are to be issued, they should be those of the State. Neither more nor less than Exelequer Bills, of convenient amount, the issue whereof should he reg ulated by Parlia ment itself. How the drainage of the metropolis can best be effected is still a great mystery. Long as the sanitary question has been before the public, and ample as have been the time and the opportunities for experiments calculated to lead to a definite con clusion, we hl eve nothing before us but rival plans and a mass (xif contradictory testimony. Reliance we can plane nowhere. On whichever side we turn there in cause for suspicion that the interests of the publ43 are subordinated to the vindication of a theory.. Moot the subject when you may, to asp ono who pretends to understand it, and you meet a;,t once with the challenge, " Under which King BEZONIAN ?--speak or die !" Do you side with the engineers or Mr. WARD ? Good cause hare tie public to reply, "A plague on both your house's." Such a state of things is most discreditable, and injurious. If either of the rival plans were a monstrosity the task of seilection would be easy. The mischief of the matte r is, both have claims to attention, and we have no trustworthy data to enable us to decide as to their respective feasibility. Who wins or who loses, who triumphs or who is abased, is per se a matter of indifference, but it is of the last importrat-ce that, when we are about it, we should have the work well and substantially done. The question of cost at the outset is altogether a minor consitEeration, since, if the work be ill done, a frightful ex penditure will assuredly be entailed. Were otherwise Mr. WARD'S scheme would challenge lux-mediate adoption. Instead of de manding mare than a million and a half for the execution of what is required, he asks for little more th an one-half that amount—a serious consideration as times go, if you could be satisfied that the scheme would answer. Lean, however, to it but for n moment, and an all but overwhelm lug weight .of engineering authority drags you back, however temporarily, something beyond your balame4). " The quart into the pint bottle systera" assails your ears, and you are stunned with the most emphatic assurances that the pipes are sure to be a failure, and source of nerver-ending expense. That the pres sure from Atm, in crowded streets will speedily demonstrate their fragility, and the operation of their contexts the insecurity and permeability of their cohesion, if the introduction of an old beaver has nest already demonstrated their utter inapplicabilit7 by choking them up. That, in brief, Mr. WARD is the legitimate successor of the renowned conjurer, who set the million agog by promising to jump into a pint bottle ; but with this difference—he would try. If in your state of vacillation, you turn to Mr,., s WARD and direct his attention to the scheme at the Engineers, pointing out the all-sufficing area and substantial construction of the tunnels, you are met with the assurance that the scheme involves a frightful waste—that tubes of a vastly , smaller diameter at half the cost would suffice, and that the scheme further involves the utter waste of the sewage, and in all probability does worse than nothing towards the purification of the Thames, objections not in the least applicable to his plan, experience having shown that it will answer while it provides for the separation of the sewage from the general drainage, in order to be sold for agricultural purposes, and suffers nothing hut the harmless surface and subsoil drainage to flow into the Thames. You turn to the Engineers, and the alleged result of Mr. WARD's experience meets with a flat controh diction. Under favourable circumstances piping, it is admitted, may be resorted to in connection with brick drains, but so far as the instances to which Mr. WARD refers are concerned the use of piping has proved a failure, while in reference to the sewage it is of no commercial value, and dis charged in admixture with the general drainage at Barking Creek, will be carried out to sea without a risk of its return to pollute yet further the already over-polluted stream. In this maze of contradiction which way are the public to turn for escape ? The time fast approaches when the Metropolitan Board will be called upon to pronounce a decisive verdict on the matter. If that verdict be arrived at under present circumstances, the chances greatly pre ponderate that they will give their countenance to an enormous blunder. Would it not be well if the ratepayers, who have to pay the piper, called upon their respective representatives to urge the institution of an inquiry into the work ing of pipe drainage in the various parts of the Kingdom in which it has been tried. An inquiry which should be conducted by honest and intelli gent men, perfectly froo from bias in either direction ; and should the results be con flicting, or should the peculiarities of London seem to render it advisable, to make trial of the plan in one or more localities? It may be worth their consideration, nevertheless, whether a better scheme than either may not be s a ec r ch a te i i m lab ei e p , eachss ein o: , the face o f it b e i ng open to ob jorApart from th e possibility of a third distinctive features, being forth coming, is it altogether without the range of ,lotthem pro bability to have either improved i n a sat i sfactory ni t a is nn lgh eiirby borrowing somewhat from the other hem ? I time that the ratepayers sho u ld b est i r themselves as actively do a n s ,t th t e h y ey for, willean Bee cause to rue ; de theirpend°llt'if they indefensible neglect. LIVERPOOL, Den. 12.—TEIE SIM' CONSTITUTION'. The Constitution, which waB burned and sunk in the river this day se'nnight, WM righted lad evening's tide, and will be placed on the beach. THE PEACE RUMOURS. The following is from the Times (Second Edition) Paris correspondent's letter : " The public has been naturally surprised, seeing that the rumours of peace have now been in circulation for many days, to find that no additional information has confirmed or contradicted them. If I may credit what is said here, it would appear that, not until very lately has a perfect accord prevailed between England and France on the ad missibility of these conditions. Some time, I believe, has been spent in removin g c, the differences which have arisen between the two Governments on that important point. For the reasons which I have mentioned more than once, the English Government was not so desirous cf making peace. It was thought, no doubt, that we have some thing to do for the glory of our arms, and there was a moral certainty that in any future cam paign, either in the north or south, we should am ply wake up for any past shortcomings. The pre cise conditions on which France and England would accept peace are as yet kept a profound secret, and will probably be so for some time ; but I am assured that if they were known to the Eng lish people, if they could consistently with the goo of the cause be made public, they would be ac cepted by a vast majority in England. They have been already described as not only such as we might now accept, but such as we could not reject even after another successful campaign. If this be the case there ought to be no reason for refusing ; and the difference of opinion that existed between the two Governments can under such circumstances only be explained by the consciousness ou our part that the prestige of our arms can yet be fully and completely redeemed. Whether this be a just ground for refusal I do not pretend to determine. Nevertheless, whatever may have been the differ ence of opinion, I am informed, on good authority, that it no longer exists, and that England and France are at this moment agreed on these import ant points. LINES ON TIIE DEATH OP THE RET. ROBERT MONTGOMERY. Spirit ! that while on earth, on wings of thought, Far-sweeping and strong-spread, didst soar to heaven, Thou now hast won, unbodied, that high sphere, To mingle with the choiring cherubim. Spirit ! the lip of human eloquence May here be cold, and mute for evermore : Yet in those regions, travelled but by soul, From the immortal essence still may flow, To kindred essence, the rich language-stream Of beauty, feeling, and exalted love. Spirit ! whose bold and forceful genius drew Notes, some perchance too wild, o'crwrought, and harsh, But some of pure, entrancing melody, From poesy's sweet shell; Vi hose ardent nature Loved song from boyhood, loved it next thy fond, Now weeping, partner, loved it next thy God. Not vainly, 'spite detraction's blighting breath, Thy lays have sounded here, and still shall sound— Music from out thy cold, unconscious tomb— Up the dim, listening paths cf coming years ; And hearts, as yet unborn, shall glow and soar, Pondering with thee an omnipresent God. Oh ! friends' and strangers' tears shall flow for thee, Thus bowing in thy prime to victor Death, Thy dreams of good, thy hopes of higher fame, lkleltel, mind-rainbows, from the sky of life. The listeners of thy eloquence will look Upon thine empty pulpit—look and sigh. Who now will pour th' impassioned, bold harangue, And lap their souls in parmlise of thought? The pour will miss thee in the squalid haunt, And many Si lune, sick wretch, that wont to hear Thy soothing voice, and brighten at thy smile, Will ask, w here art thou ? and, with lean pale hand, Dash off the bitter tear. Rude Winter comes, And blows his trump of storms, and makes, like woe In some sad mourner's breast, a desolation ; And thou ayt in the winter of the grave. But, bending there, we feel no winter glooms 'Round the low couch of him, the blessed dead; For there shall Memory strew undying flowers, And Virtue weep upon the cheek of Hope. There, too, Religion stand, and upward point, With radiant finger, to the doors of Heaven, Through which, by r.ngels welcomed, happy shade ! Then now hest pass.'d to beatific rest. St. John's -wood. NICHOLAS MICHELL• WATERSPOUT AT TUNIS. The follemi ng is an extract of a letter received by the Gwernor of Malta from the British Consul. at Tunis, dated Nov. 28, and giving some details of the effects of a whirlwind and waterspout, which burst over the port of that place a few days previously :—" I have the honour to acquaint your Excellency of the loss of two Maltese vessels, viz., the schooner Angiolina, and the brig Caval Marino, the former having arrived here on the 12th, and the latter on the 13th inst., with general cargoes, consisting mostly of English manufactures, of which the Angiolina had only discharged a portion. This unfortunate event took place in the Bay of the Goletta on Sunday last, the 18th init., at about 8 o'clock in the morning. Conflicting winds had prevailed since day break, with lightning and a hail-storm, when suddenly a violent whirlwind accompanied by a water-spout arose, and in the space of a few minutes upset the two above pentioned vessels, an d t wo F renc h and one Sardinian, Asmasted another French vessel, unroofed several houses at the Goletta, and caused considerable damage at the arsenal. As soon as the squall had subsided, the French packet-steamer Mitidgia, and other merchant vessels that had been spared by the whirlwind, lowered their boats, and hastened to rescue the crews of the sinking vessels. The crew of the Angiolina were all saved by that of the Tuscan brig Commercio, Captain G. Pagano, and the crew and various passengers of the Caval Marino were partly by the French steamer, and partly by the Maltese brig Corriere. Three men, how ever, I am sorry to say went down with the Caval Ma rino, viz., the Mate Vincenzo Taboos, and two passen- gers, whose names I have not as yet ascertained, but I am informed were poor goatherds. Up to this day the vessels and their cargoes remain under water, for want of adequate means to draw them out, althoug h I lost no time in making application to. th e local authorities for assistance, and was supported therein by the French and Sardinian Consuls, who are also interested in the affair." DRU.RY-LANE THEATRE. THE EAL MASQUE. The enterprising lessee of Old Drury l as t n i g ht sur passed his former caterings in the way of public enter tainments of this peculiar genre, and the patronage was prOportionately large. The deco ra ti ons of the interior were gay and cheerful in the extreme, and the lighting managed with great tact and taste. The scene, as viewed from the audience part of the house, with its gay dresses, it s rapidly-moving groups, thread ed by num erous pow dered masters of the ceremonies, in quaint court suits ; the innumerable coloured lamp, flower s , an d p l ants ; and, above all, the lively str a i ns of the band, mingled with the peculiar hum of B Q many mer r y vo i ces i n con versation sa general hilarity an d en j oyment. The costumes were not so numerous or var i e d as we have seen on other similar occasio ns , w hi c h seems to prove that a ball, rather than a masquerade, is more in accordance with English tast e . nth r and op e, laughter, as orie of 'was highl y grat i fying to all but a m is anthrope, A the general arrange ments were liberal we hope the l essee and projector of the entertainment received a liberal return. COURT CIRCULAR. BORNE, DEC. 12. The queen and Prince walked in the grounds at Os borne - yesterdan There was no addition to the Royal dinner party. A deputation from the City of London, consisting of Mr. Alderman Finnis, Mr. Alderman Cubitt, M.P., Mr. Alderman Eagleton, Mr. William Jones (chairman), Mr. T. H. Hall, Mr. John Wood, Mr. H. L. Taylor, Mr. Parker, Mr, Abraham, Mr. Cox, Mr. Fry, Mr. Gres ham, Mr. Ross, and the City Retnembrane er , had an interview with Sir George Grey 3 esterday, at the Home office. A deputation, consisting of Mr. John Cowan (vice chairman), the Rev. Henty Brown, M.A., rector of Woolwich, the Rev. James Carlile, D.D., guardians of the Greenwich Union, and Mr. Saw,'the clerk, had an interview with the Right Hon. E. P. Bouverie, the Pre sident of tbe Poor-law Board, at the offfte of the Board, in Whitehall, yesterday, on the subject of medical relief in the Woolwich district of the union. His Excellency the Ambassador of France had an iva. torview with Viscount Palmerston, yesterday. OFFICIAL APPOINTMENTS.—We understand that Mr, Remaly has resigned his office of one of the civil service commissioners, and is likely to be succeeded by Mr. Wickham, lately chairman of the Stamps and Taxes De partment. The Duke of Argyll, Postmaster-General, has appointed Mr. Charles Francis Scott to be his grace's private secretary. PROROGATION OP CONVOCATION. —Yesterday morning the Archbishop of Canterbury, accompanied by Dr. Travers Twigs, the vicar-general cf the province, and Mr. Francis Hart Dyxe, her Majesty's proctor, attended at the Jerusalem Chamber, Westminster Abbey, for the purpose of further proroguing Convocation, which stood adjourned till yesterday from the 24th of October last. Mr. Dyke, at the archbishop's request, read the schedule of prorogation, from which it appeared that the clergy of the province of Canterbury will he cited to appear for the despatch of business, in the Jerusalem Chamber, on Friday, February 1, 1856. NEW ACT ON PLEADINGS.—By an act which has lately come into operation, the Act of the 13th and 14th Vic., enabling the judges of the superior courts to make alterations in the forms of pleadings, has been extended for five years. CIVIL SERVICE OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY.—An examination of candidates for appointments to the civil service of the East India Company is to take place in July, 1856. The conditions and regulations to be ob served by candidates will be found in our advertising columns. The Salut Puble . c of Lyons states that the Mint in that city, which has hitherto only coined copper money, is soon to be employed on gold and silver. CRYSTAL PALACE—SHILLING DAY, Dec. 12.—Ad mieeiens on ray men:, 667 ; I , y Is 7 ; total, 854. Coireeponding day last year, 1,019. According to the Echo de l' Est, it is in contemplation next spring t o f orm a camp on the banks of the Moselle. • LATEST NEWS, FIGHTING IN THE CRIMEA. Despatehlfrom Marshal Pelis sier. " PARIS, THURSDAY, 8.30 A.M. " The Moniteur announces that the Minister of War has received the following telegraphic de spatch from Marshal Pelis sier • " SEBASTOPOL, DEC. 8, 1 P .M. " g I have received the following despatch from the General in command of the Ist Division of the Ist Corps : " A body of from 2,000 to 3,000 infantry, and about 400 or 500 horse, at daybreak this morning attacked Baga-Ourkousta-Skvaka. " ' The enemy beat a retreat after a sharp fusilade, which lasted for an hour and a half. " Some thirty prisoners were left in our hands, two of whom were officers. " lam not aware of the number killed and wounded. " Our loss is insignificant." THE NEW RUSSIAN LOAN. HAMBURG, DEC. 12. The now Russian loan of 50 millions of roubles has been concluded at the price of 82, with 5 per cent. interest. A third part of it will be issued at Hamburg, and the others at Berlin and Amsterdam. A indney panic has commenced in Russia. At Moscow, Nishni-Novorod, Astrakan, and other places, bank notes are refused. People are hiding money. THE BALTIC. Yesterday the following vessels passed Elsinore, homeward bound, viz., the Magicienne, Locust, Cossack, Amphion, Driver, Vulture, Desperate, Harrier, Esk, Porcupine, Tartar, Geyser, Con flict, and Pylades. The Euryalus and Imperieuse arrived at Rio: on Tuesday, and wore the only vessels there. MARSEILLES, DEC. 12. The Gan ;e steam-packet has just arrived, with dates from Constantinople on the 3:1. The English squadron had arrived at Constan tinople. The English cavalry and that of the Anglo-Ottoman Contingent had also arrived, and were to winter in the neighbourhood of the Turk ish capital. The accounts from the Crimea are to the 30th ult. All military operations were suspended. The troops were still employed in demolishing Sebastopol, and constructing shelter for themselves out of the ruins. The Russians were removing from their lines. of defence, and concentrating their troops at Bakshi-Serai and at Siknpheropol. The corps of the Belbek had also been reduced. The accounts from Kertch, Eupatoria, and from Kinbourn contain nothing new. The Russians as well as the Allies were preparing their winter quarters. Th© Sea of Azoff was bezianieg to get very full of ice. EGYPT, Nov. 23. The Committee for cutting the canal through the Isthmus of Sues wae introduced to the Vice• toy. The preliminary works and surveys were almost completed. The Committee will report. M. Conrad, engineer, is appointed Chairman of the Committee. The people receive the members of the Committee warmly. DRESDEN, DEC. 10. The Dresden Journal of to-day denies the news which had come from Munich, that M. de Pford ten, President of the Council had left for Dresden. It asserts that M. de Pfordten has not arrived there, and is not expected. The absence of M. de Pfordtea is explained by the fact that he arrived at Wurtzburg on the Bth, and was to pass two days there, and then return to Munich. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING. We have no intelligence of the fall of Kars, ex cepting that telegraphed to the French journals from the London papers. If the intelligence received here from Russia be correct, we shall soon hear of the bankruptcy of many Russian commercial houses, who would have long since closed their establishments, but from the hints they received from Government authorities not to d 3 so. The most melancholy accounts are given of the state of the Russian armies. Decimated by disease and badly fed, it is said that the winter is looked upon with great anxiety by those who have had great faith hitherto in the triumph of Russian prescience. We read in the Pays :—" Several Germans have been recently serving as amateurs with the Rus sians in the Crimea. Two of them have just arrived at Berlin, where they at once became objects of great curiosity. One of them has just come from Simpheropol, and the other from Kars, which place he quitted the day after the unsuccessful assault, and he crossed the whole of Circassia. About the middle of October, the state of things at Simphe ropol was pretty tolerable. The troops wore natu rally a little discouraged by so many defeats, but there was no want of provisions, and Imperial recompences were lavishly distributed. It is be lieved there that 140,000 Russians perished during the siege of Sebastopol, and that 30,000 have been crippled for life. The best officers have disap peared, and have been replaced by young men, not less brave, but very inexperienced. Sebastopol is about to bo declared a holy city. The soldiers who have left it have almost all of them in their knap sacks a bit of wood, a stone, or the splinter of a shell coming from ' the sanctuary,' as Sebastopol is now called in Russia, which they send as precious relics to their families." A Paris letter, in the Independance of Brussels, says N "The Council of State has the budget of 1857 now under examination. The Government has hastened to present this document, in order to give time to the dif ferent committees to examine all the branches of the various services. It is feared that notwithstanding some reductions on the general service of the Ministries, the total amount of the budget will still have to be increased, in addition to the extraordinary expenses of the war. The service alone of the Ministry of Finance will have to support an augmentation of more than 76 millions. The public debt in consequence of the loan of 750 mil lions receives for its part an increase of 41 millions of 41 per cent. rente, and of 37 millions of 3 per cents. add ing to this amount 11,500,000 francs, representing the hundredth part of the nominal capital of the rented to be inscribed as sinking-fund, we arrive at an increase which for the public debt alone will not be less than 53 millions. The dotatinu of the Legion of Honour figures in the budget of 1856 for 2,795,000 fr. In that of 1857 it will stand for more than 4 millions. This increase is indispensable, to meet the pay due to the new nomina tions made in the Legion of Honour and to the Mili tary Medals." The Tourville a.id Duquesne, French line-of battle ships, arrived at Brest yesterday from the Baltic. They left Kiel on the 6th, in company with the English squadron, under Rear-Admiral Dundas. The Dordogne, screw -transport of 1,200 tons left Marseilles yeaterday for Algiers and the Mac Sea. -Borr , s2, e of Elio surrender of K ars to the Russian h army, news and a heavy tall of ou the English Consols, have para lysed the favourable haflucuce of pacific reports ou the French Three per Cents. There was, however, a great resistance against the downward movement of the funds, and when the Threes had been quoted at 64f. 55c. large purchases were made, and prices rallied to 64f. 70e. The Mobilier were done from 1,282 f. 50c. to 1,290 f. This company have an nounced the payment of 25f. per share on the Ist of January. The Railway shares were without important variations. Half-past Three.—Threes rallied at the end of the market. Railway shares were heavy, as the speculators were making preparations for the next half-monthly account. The following are the last quotations : Cash. fr. e. End of Month 41 per Coats 9l -c. 3 per Cents 64 35 61 SO - /Nfow Loan 6a 25 Bank Shares 32CO Roman CrMit Mobinor 1290 Austrian Belgian Fives O4l Spanish Threes 39i Piedmoutese B6 75 Home Debt 33i RAILWAYS—YOB CASE. fr. c Orbm c. ns Northern Lyons Nlediterranean 1247 59 Grand Central L-0113 Geneva — Toste .. 625 Gotta THE BALTIC. We read in the Independance Belge, under date Hamburg, Dec. 8 :—" After the departure of the two allied admirals from Kiel the English shits of war remaining in the Gulfs of Finland and Bothei received orders from the Admiralty to return forth with to England. The daring English command ers will reluctantly obey these orders, for the Baltic has afforded them ample means of enriching themselves by the capture of numerous Russian and neutral vessels sent to sea by too enterprising and rash merchants. This season is certainly more favourable to cruisers than any other ; for mer chants speculating ou the scarcity of foreign and colonial articles, but particularly salt and salt pro visions, in the Russian provinces, will attempt, at any risk, to land such cargoes on the enemy's coast. The following fact will give an idea of tLe scarcity of these articles. A Norwegian vessel, eluding the vigilance of the English cruisers at the entrance of the Gulf of Finland, lately succeeded in entering Port Baltic with a cargo of salt, which was instantly sold at the exorbitant price of 8 silver roubles the 1001 b. Sugar, coffee, and other colonial productions sell equally high." RUSSIA AND THE WAR. The Ausland, a periodical which enjoys a high reputation in Germany, has an article conta'ning some statistical information relative to Russia that is well worthy of notice : " Russia ' " says the A uslancl, "is not likely to relin quish her plans against Turkey, and to consent to any real limitation of her power, until she is brought so low as to be incapable of any further effort. The foreign commerce of Russia has entirely lost its import• ance. The trade of the Baltic ports, which was formerly 32 per cent. of the whole export trade of the empire, has almost ceased to be. It is true that a part of the raw produce of Russia may find its way through Prussia, but the expense of carriage is so enormous that very little business can be done. Southern Russia is in a still worse situation. As a consequence of the large consignments of corn to foreign countries, landed pro perty in Southern Russia rose enormously in price, and a very large amount of capital was invested in agricul tural establishments. That capital is at present dead, fur if the bands to till the soil were to be had the corn grown could not be sold to advantage. The landed proprietor, who is obliged to pay high interest for his borrowed capital, to maintain his servants, to give war contributions, and to satisfy th e demands made on him by the State for transport service, is on the verge of total ruin. A picture of the miss-ry and dis tress of Russia can hardly be too highly coloured, for 20 years of profound peace will hardly bring her to the point of material development at which she had arrived when the war commenced. The interruption of the trade of Russia inflicts a deep wound, but still it would be erroneous to suppose that she will immediately consent to a humiliating peace. She may carry on a suicidal war for some time to come, as she has provisions, the materials fur clothing her soldiers, leather, iron, and horses. Of sulphur and saltpetre she is in want, and the export of those articles from Austria has just been prohibited. In 1351, when Russia was at peace, she imported 232,000 pads of sulphur, and now she will be obliged to manufacture that article out of pyrites, Salt petre may be obtained from Central Asia. The war will be most onerous to Russia by its effect on the popu lation. European Russia has a population of 55,000,000 souls • 27,000,000 of these people are of the male sex, including boys, men, and grey-beards. According to the statistical tables of Baron Reden, 13,500,000 of the rna.e population attain the age of 20, and, at most, 11,000,000 the age of 35. Thus,Russia has 11,000,000 or 12,000,000 of men capable of bearing arms, but it mnst not be forgotten that they have other duties to perform be sides shouldering the musket. If, during the war, only 4 per cent. of the male population has been raised, the country has been deprived of the services of 1,000,000 of men, and it must be supposed that the Russian army was 500,000 strong when, in 1853, the Czar issued the order to Goes tra a Pruth. If Russia continues the war but five years longer, and loses as many men as she has done during the last two years, she will literally have used up the whole population fitted for the purposes of war, and will be entirely at the mercy of her adversaries. All these facts the Western Powers know lull well, and, therefore, they are in no hurry to renew the negotia tions for peace." REVOLT OF THE BASHI-BAZOUKS. A letter from Smyrna (d . the Ist gives details of the mutiny of the Bashi-Bazouks on board the Tancrede, to which we have already briefly alluded : —" A tragical scene took place yesterday morning on board the Tancrede steam-packet, at the =Anent when she arrived from Syria. On her leaving l i Jaffa, the English agent had embarked on board her 105 Bashi-Bazouks belonging to the English contingent. As these men were proceeding to their destination without any officers, and had received five months pay, or 400 f. in advance, they thought the best plan to adopt was to desert, and then re enlist with some other agent, and be paid over again. At Tripoli and at Alexandria they endea voured in vain to deceive the vigilance of the cap tain, and they therefore plotted together to force their way from the vessel in a body, when they reached Smyrna. When they attempted to carry their intention into effect, the captain of the Tau credo armed his crew, and notwithstanding their numerical inferiority, they bravely opposed the ef forts of the Bashi-Bazouks. But 13 men could not long resist 105 of these bandits, who had armed themselves with handspikes and other formidab e weapons. Signal was then made to the Olivierfrgate, and Capt. Lamothe sent a body of man under the command of two officers. The Tancredo was boarded, and some of the Bashi-Bazouks jumped overboard, and others took refuge in the hold. They were disarmed, but not without resistance, and some blood was shed. The ringleader of the revolt, a tall negro, who had assassinated three persons before he left Jaffa, was severely wounded, as were fourteen others. Ten of those who had jumped overboard were picked up by the boats of the Olivier, and with the others, making 89 in num ber, were delivered over to the Turkish authorities. I The wounded were removed to the civil hospital." SWITZERLAND. The conflicts which have arisen in the cantons of Neufchatel, Fribourg, and Vaud, respecting the establishment of the railroads which are to connect central and western Switzerland, have determined tho central Government to submit to the federal assembly a measure which will decide that question. The assembly is to meet on the 21st January to consider the matter. SPAIN. MADRID, Dec. 7.—The Carlist insurrection in Catalonia is again stated to be completely sup pressed, and thel ast band of insurgents to be "an nihilated." The Gazette says that the Government is aware that attempts were being made to create disturbances in that province, but that it does not fear them. The same journal says that the loss of the Spaniards in the affair with the Moors at Melilla was only 4 officers and 12 soldiers, but that that of the Moors was 100 killed and a great num ber wounded. The number of deputies who con tinued absent themselves from the Cortes was 85. The export of wheat from the port of Bilboa in the months of October and November was 58,053 fanegas, and of flour 171,477 fanegas (the fanee.a is equal to an English bushel.) A Madrid fetter says :—" The Minister of Finance has received no communication relative to the establishment in this city of a branch of the Credit Mobilier of Paris, by English and French capitalists, which some newspapers say has been resolved on." The Madrid journals of the 7th have reached us. The Naciou and the Occidento say that an attempt is being made to form a new party to he called the Liberal party, the principles of which are to be the maintenance of the monarchy with the fullest liberty possible. The formation of such a party is warmly approved of by Marshal O'Donnell. The complaint made by Lord Howden of an English vessel having been fired at by the Spaniards in Attica, would not, it was supposed. reat,• any dif ficulty between the Spanish and English Govern merits. Some French and English capitalists had purchased the timber in the vast forest of Menullos in the Asturias ; others were treating for the pur chase of the marble quarries at Canges de Finco, in that province ; and a French company had un dertaken the construction of the railway from Malaeir to Almodovar without any subvention. Valencia ;• in one district not fewer than eight cloth manufactories were thrown down by the violence a the widen, ModificationsModificationsin the ministry were again talked of, and were considered probable. A letter says than, on the 7th, the Cortes proceeded to discuss the budget of the Ministry of War, and that M. Bayarii complained that the pay of cap tains-general of provinces and of other military authorities was far ioo high, but the Minister of War defended it as necessary. Letters have arrived from Jerusalem to the 11th Nov. The building of the Church of Beit-Djalla, for which a firman had been obtained by the exer tions of Mgr. Valerga, the present bishop, was being' actively proceeded with. Two villages occu pied by a Greek population, Ram-Allah and Gofne, having evinced tendencies towards the Roman Catholic creed, the bishop, in returning from Naza reth to Jerusalem, visited these places, and re ceived a most enthusiastic reception. Scarcely had lie arrived at Jerusalem, on his return, when depu tations were sent from the two villages, and the consequence was, that an ecclesiastic was appointed to visit the Greek populations every Saturday and give them spiritual instruction, The hospital of Jerusalem was increasing, there being 26 beds there at present. At Nazareth, the school opened by French nuns in Feb. last reckons 80 pupils. The Porte is represented as affording a most liberal support to all the efforts made by the French resi dents, and the bishop to improve the condition of the natives!. A letter from Carlsruhe, of the 7th, says : " The first sittings of the Second Chamber have been devoted to the constitution of the bureaux, and the nomination of the committee to draw up the reply to the speech from the throne. The Re gent has named as President of the Chamber a su perior employe of the Ministry of J ustice, M. Jung• haus, a distinguished lawyer, without political antecedents, but a man of an upright and energetic character. The first Vice-President is M. Schaaf, a man well known for his strong C. wiervative prin ciples ; and the second is M. Prestinari. The Mi nister of Finances has presented to the Chamber the budget for the year 1856, and has pointed out the reasons for an increase of taxation, in order to reestablish an equilibrium between the receipts and expenditure. These additional taxes will be levied both on land and on capital. The Minister concludes his report by assnring the Chamber that the Government will always observe the strictest economy, and will confine its demands within the bounds of the most urgent necessity. The expenses in the budget presented are sot down at 21,200,811 florins, and the receipts (incluing the proceeds of the new taxes) at 21,477,930 florins." A letter from Venice, of the 4th, says :—" The Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian arrived here the day before yesterday. He stopped for the night, and on the following morning left for the ImpeliAl Palace of Stra, without receiving the visit of any brie. The state of the Piince is said to be as satis factory as possible, but from the place chosen for his residence there is reason to think that it is still such as to require the greatest care, and that his medical attendants consider it necessary for him to be kept as quiet as possible." A. letter from Warsaw of the sth, in the Augs burg Gazette, says :—" Intelligence from St. Peters burg states that the check at Kars produced much annoyance amongst the war party who had always supported Gen. Mouravieff. That general had been in disgrace, when the war party succeeded in obtaining for him the command of the troops in Asia, because they considered him an excellent general. That opinion is not by any means a uni versal one, and certainly is not shared in by the Emperor Alexander." The Constilutionnel publishes the following tele• graphic despatch from Berlin : - a A grand festival took place on the 4th, at the winter palace of St. Petersburg, to celebrate the arrival of her Majesty Anna Pawlowna, Queen Dowager of the Netherlands, sister to the late Emperor, and aunt to the reigning one." The Provincial Diet of Schleswick was closed at Flensburg on the sth. It adopted previously to separating, by 27 votes to 13, the motion of M. Maquardsen, relative to recognising the forced loans of 1849 and 1850. The assembly also adopted unanimously the motion of M. Kruge, tending to dissolve at once the corps of gendarmery which. had been created in the late troubles. MR. SALT ON THE CUR ENCY. The following letter has been addressed tc' the Editor of the Times : Sir,—l think your comments on my sayings at the meeting on the Bank Charter Act give :me a claim for a space in your columns for explanation. You say that I " tantalise you with a promiise of safe but inexhaustible riches," and you assume) that a regulated issue of paper money would not give the honest labourer full employment at remunera tion prices. Thereon your imagination indulges in ant amus ing picture of a Chancellor of the Exchequer -hunted home by packs of countless thousands of Man chester spinners, Dorsetsbire labourers, Spibalsfield weavers, distressed needlewomen, &c. Witty if you will, hut pray keep in mind that a spice of wisdom would not mar your wit, amid that all decent feeling of humanity must for a Eloment have slumbered, when you could enumez Ate so lightly classes whose very names call up r acolleo tions of suffering, neglect, and social crime too strong for words. But to return to your Chancellor hunt. ►hat are the facts ? A diminished issue of money has invariably re duced employment and multiplied deputations,-- set all the packs in full cry ; while an increased issue of money has invariably increased the em ployment of labour, put an end to depiatations, dispersed the packs, and left the Chancelkr alee - ing undisturbed in his form. During these, re laxations of the money laws the deadly discords between the Government and the people have ceased ; even Chartism has been voiceless, and the governing and the governed seem to have forgotten each other's mutual existence. But you appear to doubt that such will be the result of an increased issue of legal tender. Let ua see what will become of it. It will not be locked up, because, while it is so, interest is forfeited and capital also, as much aso if it did not exist. Therefore it will be made tiome use of. Now, the ingenuity of man cannot cl.avise a mode of employing money without employing labour to that extent ; and if the issue of money be maintained, the power that creates wealth. will always effect its distribution, ministering equally to national wealth and individual happiness,, apd what you call one of my "delicious moments"' be so far perpetuated. But a fear crosses your mind. " Who," say yi ?up "is to stop the floodgates ?" I ask, who fat )P 5 them now ? The law I Have we not 14 mail° 135 of legal tender paper issued on debt-14 millions of paper convertible into gold, without an mint 3e of gold to satisfy the promise ? You see, sir, th a t the system you uphold is not a pure and perfect airy solite. It is the law and not the gold that lii vita this issue, and closes your floodgates. Then comes the question—Why was this amount of inconvertible paper fixed at 14 millions ? Be cause it was needful for an indebted Govecnunent. But shall there be no honey for the people , and would it not be more creditable that the necei ;sities of the governed should be considered as w ell as those of the governing 7 Is it the end for v rhich Government was created that it should take ca re of itself, and utterly - neglect and damage the init Tests of the people ? You say " there is a force and simplicity in the words, I promise to pay on demand."' is row, will grapple with you on that point, and show that, taking these words in the sense used in the Bank of England note, they contain more of fraud, folly, and mystification than any words in human lan guage._ . _ lilt) law assames assigning to the promise to pal a definite quantity of gold, it fixes the value of the note. It does no such thing as fix that v slue. Abundance and scarcity are the only regulators of value. _ _ By the issue of paper money, in addition to gold money, money is made more abundant ; abundant money creates confidence, investments are multi plied, a vast quantity of bills at a date are created, this increased quantity of money and the increased rapidity of its circulation lower its value, till the exportation of gold and the withdrawal of the paper again lower the prices, and so all trade is made an alternative of speculation and ruin ; honest industry is sacrificed, and the 'watchers of the turn of the market alone thrive, and this is the plain and simple meaning of " I promise to pay." From an inherent necessity the use of paper mon ey has grown in proportion to the progress of commercial civilisation, till it bears a dominant proportion to the use of metallic money, that the metallic money, though it can disarrange, is power less to regulate. fi g i* -- r; t ffr: I , v S'r PoLert. Pet'l' Lill is pure Jack ea,deisin. If fixing the price fixes the v a l ue, w h y not fi x t h e pr i ce o f every thing ? Why not fix the price of bread at ld. the quartern loaf? Simply because fixing the price does not fix, but merely disguises, the fluctuations in the value of our legal tender—fluctuations which arbitrarily disturb and alter all other values. Hence the frequent ruin that has broken up our our wealth, our insolvency, and our pauperism alternately the wonder of the world. filionoo it in that the Times, Awakened from its