The Sun. — London, England, 1815-01-09 00:00:00

:Oill'H AMERICAN PAPERS. • Nye on Saturday announced the receipt of re cent Canadian Papers, and noticed their princi pal articles of Information. The following _are further Extracts from the Acadian &corder of the.3d Deeember (a Journal under prosecution for a libel upon Sir-O: Prevost) not only of whose military conduct, but of that of Gen. DRummoi9D, it speaks in terms. of unmitigated censure. With the caution, therefore, that it Seemed to be a Party Print, we inserted in our last publication the disagreeable doeument respecting the. misconthict of a portion of our force, which we are still in- • s clined to hope is an impudent forgery by the - enemy. But be that, and the politics of the Recorder what they may, there is too much good sense and information in the following selections from a•letter from 'New Brunswick, to induce a moment's hesitation in laying them before the British Public : STATE OF . PARTIES IN AMERICA " I will endeavour, in this letter, to convey to you an epitome of American politics, as, they strike many people in this community, which may probably prove serviceable, and, perhaps, new to you, as they were to me until very lately, hitt which I think is now unfounded. Your acquaint ance among their connections may, perhaps, en able you to reconcile the principal features of this Ametian jugglery. " it is said, that the present war is , merely an electioneering job, contrived those now in power, to secure the next election for President, On whonvevery Officer in the ,United Government depends. In England, if there is a change in Ministry, there are not more than ten or a dozen of the principal- Officers who lose their places ; but in the United States, as there are but two Icading parties, and the President is sure to be long to one of them, every person in the employ- 'lien, of that Governmentiiiexitably becowe's ti e g hject of his attention; and the whole list of Federal Officers, from Georgia- to New Llarup shire„ is made t(i conform with the political creed of' the Chief. You, no doubt, have heard that the people of the United States are, generally, divided into Fe- deralists and Anti Federalists ; the former arc, or pretend to be, strict adherents to the established constitution as settled soon after the revolutionary vt'ar of this class were Washington and Adams, who . have had their turn in the chair of State dur ing tINo elections each, or eight years.. The latter, called. by their opponents Democrats, affect to believe that the constitution_ is too closely allied to the monarchial system, and wish to render it more popular than it actually is. The fact; bow ev-er, is, that the two terms, tare merely 110111 S de guerre for o‘o political Sects, who have as various subordinate opinions as there'are individuals com- posing them. "Mt. Jeffers6n" liad his two etecrions - or four years each, and Mr. Madison is in the second year of his second election :—these two are Anti-Fe deralists, and, as it seem to have become a sort of tacit establishment that no one person shall .enjoy more than two election's ; and as, at the expira tion of Air. Madison's second two yea's, the two partitiwill each h&ve had their equal term ; it now ,hecomeS a fair contest of which Party the next President shall be. Thus, you see, the private interests of the . Ins and the Outs instigate the strife every four years very touch ;—every -eight years still more, but every thirty-tmo years the contest becomes redoubled both in expectation and virulence. "The inhabitants of the States from Delaware northward are ,chiefly Federalists and tradeis; those to the southward, principally Anti-Fede ralists and. farmers. It is, therefore, not a pro bable thing that Mr. -MADISON, who is an un doubted Anti, should make war with Great Bri tain for the sake of obtaining free ships and sailors' or.that he should exert his inmost efforts to obtain time Canadas to become (as they must in case of.conquesti an appendage to the - Eastern States, who, in his estimation, arc already too powerful. reconcile this -seeming contradic tion, it was conjectured, by the opposite party, that, should a conquest be. made of the Canadas, they would have been given up to the French, in order to counterbalance the apprehended conse quent pr6ponderance of- the Federal States. " So far the acts of the enemy have, hitherto, corresponqed with this system ; for the New Eng-, land States especially, apprehensive of such hours, have hung back trom the - wat•. • COMMERCIAL INFORMATION The Writer, iu a subsequent part, offers these judicious remarks on the politics of America a 3 connected with the question of trade : • ". Most nations are rivals in some degree to each other ; —the extent of the glegrve will con stitute our interest. The Americans have too much asperity towaeds Great Britain to• become very soon her political friends. The very Fe deralists• arc more friendly to the French than to the English nation, and therefore we have no obligatiOns to shackle us besides those we arc wthing - to wear. It there is any friendship, then, it must of a commercial nature. We will, therefore, examine,to what this amounts. If we' draw a hue from the .0100111 of Chesapeake Bay to Ow head _of it, anti thence to Fort Pitt, at the head of.the Ohio, We shall have two dhisions which will very fairly comprehend, the one side the Northern, the other what are termed the Southern states. In the latter, they produce to bacco, ta r, pitch, alul turpentine ; rice, cotton, and sonic; twiny at then) articles superiorto Act, at have hitherto been procured in quality from other nations., and especially necessary to the manufactures of Great Britain inhabi tants of the counti . y, besides, are by no means in clined to commerce, but %ery luxurious; and, therefore, in taking a large supply of foreipma unfact ares and proditce iu return for such essen tial articles , will yield tkat carrying trade (which if they plessil, would naturally belong to thew selves), to any nation who can bring them what they want at the cheapest rate. " Now, let us examine the Northern side of this line, and we shall see a people of farmers, fishernien, woodsmen, traders, and carriers,, all rivals to Great Britain and. her Colonies, bated by the inhabitants of the Southern States, and incapable of supplying them with a single article, except what they procure from . other Nations. — The only object, therefore,•which British Nego ciators, should have in view, will be to make such arraogements with respect to her own trade and manufactures, and with foreign Nations, as will chime in unison fur exclufling the Northern States from - being still, as they long have been, the Car riers for the Nations of Europe,. and no doubt, in her present elevated position, if she terminates the war with the States honourably, she will be enabled to accomplish it. I have in this letter endeavoured to give you a sketch of those domestic politics in the United States. which may, in some degree, tend to clear up the apparent. inconsistencies of NI-. Madison's conduct at this juncture.", Most of the points here touched upon are worthy of serious attention, and, perhaps, if we take into our view, at the same time, the epigram matic and ableCnAaAoTErt OF TILE ANIERICNNS drawn by the same hand, it may help us to some wholesome conclusions. They are, shys Ile— " Ever craving, never gratified ; sturdy impu dent beggars ; too proud to acknowledge an (Ali gation, but sneaking, sly, and circuniventing in obtaining the substance of it.; guided solely-'by interest, hey will b'ecorne condescending .to any iiianness to appease power, which • they cannot resist, though vain, shameless, hectoring; fierce and insolent wheri chance gi - ves,them a suitable opportunity to indulge themselves." The Recorder-notices some squabbles which have arisen in Halifax, bet Ween the Inhabitants and Press-gangs, and other parties of Naval Officers and.Sailms when -on shore . , but they seem to he unworthy of being mentioned, and far less dwelt upon except. for, fac . tious purposes., The only other extracts we can make from- these Papas follow : " DEC. 3.—Yesterday evening his Excellency the Governor-in-Chief arrived in town, after having been several weeks in Upper Canada. `°Arrivals at Quebec from the 26th ult. to the lst instant, thirty-five vessels. Nineteen of which are from England and Ireland with detachments of troops, and Government stores ; two from Hali fax, one from St. Johns, N.B. with rum, sugar, and molasses.--The rest are schooners and sloops from the fisheries." THE BITERS' BIT. The Fantaine was beating up Penobscot Bay, with • two schooners, which she had convoyed from Eastport, %A lien a signal was . made from the Com manding Officer at Castine, to go on board the Furicuse ; but Caetain Sykes finding it impossible to make way against the tide, which was running very strong, - took one of the schooners under his care into Owl's Head - Bay, and at the same time disßatelied a boat, with - the boatswain, one mid shipman, four marines, and a boat's crew, con sisting of six boys, to the assistance of the 'other schooner, wirich was falling fast to leeward ; after being on board a few minutes, a boat came close up under their' quarter, and on being hailed— " What boat is that ?'' replied, " His Majesty's b oa t i " on which the boatswain • answered— " then, (1.-- , n your blood, here is his Majesty's messenger," and shot the man through the head ; the boat then came 'under the quarter, and a contest ensued for some time, when the boat was drove off', With the loss of two men killed, and several wounded, two,of whom died next The boatswain, on hailing the boats, ob served the men to have yellow belts on, which prepared bins to return so suitable an answer— and it is necessary to Say;that not only. the owner of, the schooner made Captain Sykes a present of a piece of plate, but very justly rewarded the boatswain and his brave companions. —(Dec. 2.) NEW-YOIIK, OCT. 27. " Block-house Decatur, Oct. 26.—The prize brig Sir J. Sherbrooke was chased on shore in the vi cinity of ,this block-house, yesterday, but taking the ground on the extremity of the - western bar, was at such a distance as to render the guns of this establishment of little use in keeping Off the ene my's barges. The crew, with all their baggage, were taken off by our boats,. they having remained on board until the frigate had. anchored at a short distance, and her boats, three in number, were approaching. As she grounded at low-water, and the Wind was off shore, blowing fresh, and the flood making, she was set on fire and consumed to the water's edge. The enemy made two diffe rent attempts to approach her, but was driven back by the fire of our held-piece.—The prize had 12 nine-pounders, which are saved. " The United• States sloop Peacock arrived at Lanzareto on the 2d Sept. and departed again for an adjacent Island. The British ship Ariel, of 18 guns, was crttizing off Lanzareto September Et.— The Peacock must have bee)) very near." Extract of a Letter to_the Keeper of the E. G. House Books, dated-New-Bedford, " The - schoimer Sally, Capt. A.• Levis, from Barlistable, arrived here this morning, and brings the following account of the capture of the Reta liation British pi ivateer schooner Capt. Jenkins, with 32 men, all volunteers , one brass 4-pounder, muskets, swords, &c. em barked on board the sloop Two Friends, of Fal mouth, at that place, with an intention to take the Retaliation, if possible.• When up with Wo!ul's Hole, it. fell - calm, and they rowed :from there up to Tarpaulin Cove, where the privateer lay.at . anchor—when within about three-quarters of a mile of her, she fired her long gun twice at them, and it being calm, they came to an anchor. The privateer then sent her boat, - with the Captain (Potter) and five men, to board the sloop. The Americans kept close until , the boat got alongside and was made fast, when, on a sigfial from the Captain, about 20 of them rose up, and presented their muskets into dig boat, with a threat, that if theyhode the least .noise•or re3isliwce, they should all be put to death instantly—they found it was best for them to surrender, which they did at once. •" They then put 12 men on board of 'the. eap.. titre(' boat, got under way,vvith the sloop, and boarded the privateer, the sloop on her bow, and the boat on her quarter, _and carried .her without any 'resistance: To the act of boarding, the Cap , taro of the Retaliation got away from the guard which was set over hint, and was on board of the privateier nearly as soon as any one, and wkis stopped by the people who boarded, making his way towards the magazine : with an intention, it was supposed, to blow her up. The Retaliation was formerly the Revenge privateer, of Salem, sent into Halifax some tune since." A Canada Paper says—" Every soldier now serving in this country / who relinquishes the Chelsea pension, is entitled ,to 200 acres of land, upon application to the Land Board at Quebec ; he must, however, settle on the soil. In fact, it is a standing rule with this Government, to grant 200 acres to any person, who is a British subject, pro vided he settle thereon. As to officers, we know of no fixed allowance provided for theta. • But this much we can, say, that any Gentleman retir ing from the army, .by representing past services to his country, may have liberal grants. It was of and soldiers, discharged at the 'peace of 1783, who settled the now flourishing province of Upper Canada.; - officers had front 500 to 12,000 . acres, and some, by great favour, got much more. No soldier, to our knowledge, got less than 200. TH Government has yet many millions of acres to concede, and when the army shall be . reduced, liberal grants w ill be mado to our veterans of all grades." . • FRENCH PAPERS. PARIS, J. 4.—Belgium is now become an, entrepot-of English commerce. English merchan dize alone is cireulated in the different, parts of that country... It is even said that the Belgian merchants, who round it more. profitable to obtain goods from rance, find it necessary, for the pur-, pose of sale, to affix to them the English mark:— The Belgians, on the whole, appear dissatisfied with their present system of governMent. They are anxious to know what final fate awaits them. —(Gazette de FranciL) Lord in. Bentinck arrived at Florence on the 18th of December, with his family. Count Narbonne, French Minister to the Court of. Palermo, has departed. on his destination. Count de la Vauguyon has arrived at Paris from Naples, having left the service of King Joachim. VIENNA, Dlc. 23..--Last week the Negocia tions seemed to proceed tardily, as if some obsta cles bad occurred. The Emperor of Austria, be ing aware of this, proceeded to the Sovereign of Russia, in person ; and after an hour's confer ence, a ineetink , was agreed upon to-morrow, at which all the &owned Heads now in Vienna will be present, with a view tO obviate those difficul- I ties which seemed to present themselves. VIENNA,: DEc, 24.—The Plenipotentiaries of the Princes and States of the second rank unit on the 2lst inst. another note in reply to the answer of Count Munster, the Hanoverian Minister. It is hoped that this note will have tbeeffect of re moving some of th e o bj ect i on' , which the Emperor Francis had to resuming the title of Chief of the Germanic Confederation. .A report is current that a Prince of the House of Anstria, will espouse the Princess Royal of Denmark. 'I here is talk of a new and very important note from Prince Metternich to the Ministers of Russia and Prussia, relative to Saxony. It is now certain that Austria is augmenting the number of troops cantoned in Gallicia and the Buckowine ; several regiments are on their.march thither. The Government of Genoa has protested against its annexation to Sardinia. On the 22d and 2, d, the Swiss Deputies had long cOnferenceswith Prince Metternich, to which Prince Talleyrand and Lord Castlereagh were in vited. After they. closed, • two Cabinet COuriers were dispatched. BERLIN, DEC. 20.—The evening before last, a tumultuous scene took place at our theatre. The, Luther of Werner (who turned Catholic at Rome last year) was performed., Some people, who chose to think this an odd contrast, gave out that - the Piece would be hissed ; -in consequence of this the police distributed 60,0 f their officers in the pit, dressed like citizens. Scarcely had the curtain riven, when universal hisses burst forth, with ,shouts damning the play ; but the police of ficers arrested 17 of the most .turbulent, and the Piece was concluded without interruption. MIJNICII, DEC. 26.—The return of our King appears again indefinitely , : the Treaty of Alliance which h e h as Just signed with Austria is assigned as the reason of. this. In consequence of orders which the King.bas just sent from Vien na, and which will be immediately executed, the disposable part of, the Bavarian army, namely, the font divisions which made the campaign in France, and which are still on the war footing, will be considerably reinforced by the incorpora tion of a part of the reserves.-1 hese measures are calculated to augment the Bavarian army, cantOned on the left bank of the Rhine, in Fran conia and Bavaria, .by from 15 to 20,000 men ; its total amount will then be from 50 to 60,000. BOLOGNA, DEC. 21.—Our .city continues in a ferment.- The people • seem to grumble without object, and to be agitated without any precise motive: This state of things, which is influenced by the uncertainty as to the decisions of the Con gress,' is a very disagreeable one, • and paralyses commerce. TURIN, DEC. 25.—1 t is said, that the Court of London has notified a demand to the King of Naples, that he reduce his army so a peace esta blishment,---about 25,000 men. MILAN, DEC. 25.—We ha'' here recovered a little from the impressions caused by the numerous arrests that have taken place. It is understood that many of those who have withdrawn them selves, .have gone to Vienna, to demand justice from the Emperor. It is to be hoped that his Majesty will give an example of moderation and impartiality which his agents have not always dis played. Preparations are ruak:ng at the pala ce for the arrival of the Emperor.- MADRID, DF.c. l3.—Official intelligence has been received, that the 'communications with \ T en! Cruz are intercepted ; but that the important frAlress of Acapulco was retaken from the stir- Fents. Some advantages obtained by his jesty's at in other parts of New Spain Bre a' s° detailed .in the official Gazette. MADRID DEC.• 22,—The Extraordinary Gazette which has just given us news from Mexico, by.lf, means dissipates our alarms with regard to noble portion of our colonial possessions. In" English Papers, which give much more recent ae; counts from Mexico than those .contained in 0° Extraordinary Gazelle, renew our anxiety. MODENA, DEC. 19.—The • movements of th e Austrian troops are inexplicable. Those from the l Venetian States proceed to Southern Italy, • those from -the latter are cantoned in Lombardi, where several parks of artillery are forming in t he . direction of Piedmont. NAPLES, DEC. 14.—The g e ne r os ity with wlticb King Joachim has permitted, by his Decree of the 3d inst. all those who subscribed -addresses of‘ fidelity, to de cora t e t h emse l ves w i t h th e Medal °l ' Honour and its red ribband, has caused even t he stilents_of the colle ges an d the-ushers of .the sc minnries, to conform to the wishes of this clever Monarch, in order to entide them to the decora°, tion. .But we un d erstan d t h at hiS agen ts . force" them; even by threats, to adopt this line dot" • duct, without even sparing the ordinary schools' in the three leg at i ons of Bologna, Rornagna, Fermata, occupied by our troops. As he promisecs, o his soldi er s th e . en ti re conquest o f l ta ly, 3° t by this means raises their courage to the high °• . pitch; the provinces are a l a r me d ; and hi their an' easiness, several of them have sent. addresse s amongst the number is art Albanian colony, wh ich occupies one of the isles in the Adriatic. BRUSSELS AND FRANKFORT PAPERS' BRUSSELS, JAN. 3.—A Decree of his 1 1 0 31 Highness of the 10th December contains the fol lowing Regulations : " Considering our Decree . of the'22d SePt eill. ber, relative to the demands for Lett er s of I° u * . ralizatiOn ; considering that by a f a ls e i nt erprc" tation of the said Decree many persons have imagined that it obliged them to obtain_Letters of Naturalization whether they filled any office o r not ; considering that the said Decree had in view none but persons filling employments, and that i t ' • is not necessary to have Letters of Naturalization to continue to reside in Belgium, and to enjoy ti le " protection of the laws, Sm. &c. " The obligation of obtaining Letters of-Ns' . titralizatiOn in order •to preserve public .fungi' lions in Belgium, cOncerns•only the Functionarie s on whom our decree of the 22d September inv's .Poses it as a duty to demand Letters of Naturaliza tion. From this obligation the 'Ecclesiastics and Ailliter TA are excepted. ,Those individuals ar e likewise exempt from this formality, who without filling any public employment, shall desire to tow! tinue to reside in Belgium." VIENNA, DEC. 4Y)..--The, tragic end of Baron Schell,- the Austrian -Minister to the Count of Wirtemberg, is supposed to have been occasioned by an abuse of confidence, which exposed M. De Sehall to the m ortification of being supposed :to have betrayed some secrets of• State.—(L'Otae te, Jun.-4.) say A s,— Ge c r , m lt an b r as ap n e o r, t p u a t s l s d e e d r, t ll l , t i e th l o te u a t d i o lo f ti V ec ie i r l i e t7 e : that in, the tra ns l a ti on given in the Monitor of t Note of the Plenipotentiaries of the minor Gertna Princes and tree Cities, • of the 16th Novell) the passage is omitted in which' the conviction is expressed that the German Constitution caw° be complete or durable unless the dignity of a S' l " preme Head of the Empire be re-established."' There arc various opinions on this omission wh e " ther it be accidental or designed ; people likewise not at all agreed whether the question °' the re-establishment of the Imperial dignity whicu is universally expected to become, sooner or lat er ' a subject of deliberation at the Congress h ° a matter adapted for the consideration of th e t ; 1-. t ropean Powers l ucre assem bl ed, or whet her ought not rather to be discussed as a PurelY na tional concern of Germany, only by the membe r " of.the future German Confederation." STUTTGARDT, DEC. 23.—Since the 25th, ni l ; merous couriers of different nations have P asse through here, to and‘from Vienna; atriong them two French couriers going to * Constantinople• — " g (Journal de Frankfort, Dec.3l.) FINANCE.--The Income of the Consolidate(' Fund for the quarter ending the sth instant, 11.5 12,738,0001. That of the corresponding quarter of laSt year p ro d uce d but 11,352. , 0001.. T"' charge upon it, by the Same mode of cOrnpari,on,, is less for the recent quarter by near 160,0 0 : On the, sth o f January, last year, there was a (.-4 ficiency - of 630,000/. ; in the present., year; the r° - remains a surplus of about 908,0001. The , I ' V „' lr e Taxes during the like comparative period ' la- - been tuoreproductive by 6,000,000/. in the • I *e; quarter. Fund ( e i i l t i ) e c s re c a i s i e ic i fi n y tbe income of . 01 , C ece° u n s ilt t s o °ll m i'l s daar an .l Excise, the former n havingtiie' Dutiesexceeded its produce of last year by upwards of 740,0001_ and the latte r by 410 ,0001. The stanap have increased 60,0001.