The Sun. — London, England, 1842-01-05 00:00:00

MORNING SUN THE THE TEN HOURS FACTORY QUESTION. CONTINUATION OF A REPORT ADDRESSED TO THE SHORT TIME COMMITTEES OF THE WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE OP CERTAIN CONFERENCES HELD WITH THE RIGHT HON. SIR R. PEEL, BART., AND SEVERAL OF HIS COLLEAGUES, ON THE SUBJECT OF THE TEN HOURS FACTORY BILL. INTERVIEW WITH SIR J. GRAHAM, BART., SECRETARY OP STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT. (No. 2.) Previous to waiting upon Sir J. Graham, which they did the same day, namely, on the 28th of October, the deputation proceeded to the residence of Mr.W. Beckett, M.P. for Leeds, who accompanied them to the Home office, where they were introduced to Sir J. Graham. The DEPUTATION briefly stated the leading features of the measure which they were sent to press upon the attention of the Government. Sir J. Graham asked if they had considered what effect a restriction of the la bour of all factory workers between the ages of thirteen and twenty-one to ten hours a-day would have upon the manufacturing interests of the country. "Do you not think," said he, " that it would very much aggravate the evils and the distress under which that portion of the community are now represented to be suffering ?" The DEPUTATION replied, that if they thought such would be the result of the measure they would be the last persons in the world to press for its adop tion ; but it was because, after a mature considera tion of the subject in all its bearings, they had come to t h e conclusion that it would be abenefit rather than an injury, that they now ventured respectfully to call the attention of the Government to the measure. They were, in the first place, convinced that they were justified in asking for this measure on the grounds of humanity, justice, and morality; and further, that it was in accordance with the soundest doctrines of political economy. They repudiated the idea of entertaining any hostile feeling towards the employers of capital and la bour in the manfacturing departments of industry. The deputation proceeded to show, at considerable length, that the destitute condition of the operatives, and the general difficulties existing among the employers in the manufac turing districts, arose from the neglect of the very first principles of political economy—a neglect which led to an over-supply, a supply greatly beyond the substantial demand fur their productions. Since 1815 there had been a continual improvement going on in the machinery, by which three times the amount of goods was now manu factured with less adult manual labour than was required in the previous period for the smaller quantity. What had been the result? Why, that they were now actually receiving for three times the quantity of goods less than the same amount of money which they got in 1815 for the one-third. It was not, therefore, to be wondered at that, coincident with this over production of machine-made goods as compared with a substantial demand, wages and profits had both decreased ; that the workmen who were still required had to work harder for a smaller remune ration, the capitalist for a lower rate of profit, and that pauperism had kept pace with each successive me chanical invention which displaced male adult labour, substituting in its place either the labour of mechanical automatons, or that of women and children. For these and other reasons, of which an outline only is here pre sented, the Deputation said they were firmly convinced that the measure they advocated was in accordance with the dictates of the soundest political economy, and calculated to lead back again to a greater amount of national well-being than could be anticipated from any of those remedial measures which contemplated a continuance in the false course which had already entailed such evil on the community. Sir J. GRAHAM, in reply, urged most of the reasons adduced by the free-trade party. He dwelt with great emphasis upon the possible results of a policy which, by placing our manufacturers in a comparatively worse posi tion than the manufacturers of the Continent and Ame rica, might ultimately render the capital of the former altogether profitless, and thereby induce them to close their mills altogether. He pictured the awful effects which such a course would have upon the thousands thickly congregated in the manufacturing districts, and entirely dependent on the continuance of our foreign trade for existence. He said it would be argued that with such an intense and increasing rivalry on the part of foreigners as the Deputation had admitted, it would be impossible to interpose any checks to the production of manufactured goods in the cheapest possible way, un less indeed we were determined to give our rivals the ad vantage in the market, and thereby put a stop to our fo reign trade altogether. The DEPUTATION said that the extension of the Fo reign trade in the manner in which that had of late years been effected appeared to them calculated most cer tainly to produce the very results which Sir James Gra ham seemed anxious to avoid. Sir J. GRAHAM here said, " Understand me ; I am not arguing as though I personally participate in these views ; but my object is to show you what will be said by those opposed to your views, and to ascertain the ground upon' which you claim such a measure as a ten hours' restriction." The DEPUTATION proceeded to say, that according to the arguments-presented in favour of the policy of caus ing-the operatives to be dependent on a foreign market foisetnployment, it was admitted that our ascendancy in those foreign markets could only be kept up by a conti nuottiecheapening of the cost of production. How was that;.to be effected ? It could not be done by reducing much lower the wagy ,of the adult operltt . tves.., J Tht. further displacing these adult and comparatively high priced laboisrers by self-acting machinery, or machinery so contrived that what little attendance it might require would be that of women and children, and as little even of that as possible ; and thus we shall come to the same result. The great. bulk of the labouring classes would be thrown idle, whether we extended or restricted our foreign trade under the present direction of machinery. Sir J. GRAHAM—Yes, but not so rapidly. The DEPUTATION—It is a sorry conclusion, Sir James, to think that this perversion of human ingenuity should make the multiplication of means for the increase of national wealth offer us only the alternative of slow or speedy ruin. Sir J. GRAIIAM—WeII ! but how is it to be remedied? I do not see any practical mode of averting it ; do you ? The DEPUTATION—Yes, we think we do. Sir J. GRAHAM—What would you recommend ? The DEPUTATION—The adoption of a comprehensive and efficient plan of home colonization ; for which pur pose we would advise the passing, at the expense of the nation, of a general waste land enclosure Bill, which should make provision for reasonable compensation to all those interested in these lands. We should then have a Parliamentary grant raised by loan, or by Ex chequer bills, to be applied under a Board of Control to the settling down upon these uncultivated but improv able wastes our now unemployed population ; and if the waste lands were insufficient we would recommend that the Government should have recourse to the Crown lands for the same purpose and in the same way. This would increase real wealth at home, direct the energies of the people in the first place to provide food and shelter for themselves, 'and the surplus of their labour would form a fund for defraying the necessary expenses, and ultimately repaying the principal advanced. Sir J. GRAHAM—Ah ! that might do very well if we were beginning de novo, but under present circum stances it seems quite impracticable. The DEPUTATION.—WeII, Sir James, you have just these alternatives—either to commence this measure now gradually and peaceably, and thus avert the evils we have been anticipating, or to let the present system take its course, spreading destitution, pauperism, discontent, and disaffection, more and more widely, until it termi nates in general disorganization and anarchy, and then to be forced to begin de novo, amid the wrecks of former institutions. Sir J. GRAHAM.—I hope matters are not likely to end in that way, and that our prospects are not so gloomy as you appear to think them. Thu DEPUTATION.--We are convinced Sir James , by long and painful sufferings, which have induced 11; to search deeply into and ponder often on the working and tendencies of the present mode of using machinery, that unless a different direction be given to its mighty capabilities it will become the destroyer of those who so misuse it ; and not only , the' destrdyer of them , but also of the workin g classee, 'whos'e fate is now, in a certain sense, in their hands:, quit aftetglut, panic after panic, has visited us of W.a y e ars, the period between each progressively les serin-g, arid each finding us still less able to beat- it than its'piededeseor, The humble comforts of the operatives' cottage hoe dleappeared. The middle classes of trades- men, who depend upon the lower classes, are in all but an insolvent state, and trade is concentrated in the hands of a few overgrown capitalists, in consequence of the inability of smaller cap italists to contend with them. Such is the state of our towns at the present moment. We have given you our reasons for believing that the increase of our foreign trade under the present system would permanently increase neither wages nor profits, nor arrest their downward tendencies ; and we leave to you the consideration of these reasons. Sir J. GRAHAM, who throughout the interview had appeared to take a deep interest in the subject, said that ' the views of the deputation were certainly startling, and deserving of serious attention ; and that one thing was certain, that we must lay aside the notion that we could ever again become " the workshop of the world." In 1815 the case was different. Then we were almost exclusively possessed of machinery ; since then other nations had rapidly ad vanced in this particular, and were manufacturing for themselves. For this and other reasons, it was mani festly impossible that we could ever again command the markets of the world, as we once had done. Sir J. GRAHAM said—Why, you complain of la .bourers being out of employ, and yet a few years ago the manufacturers were advertising for labourers to be sent down into those parts of the country. DEruTATioN—True, Sir James ; but that was con nected with a contract made between the Gre g s and A s h worths and the Poor law Commi ss ion e rs, the pur port o f which was to reduce wages in the manufacturing districts. The effect was twofold. This migration sys tem assisted the Commissioners in carrying out the New i n the agricultural districts, and it enabled the manufacturers to lower and keep down wages. This keeping down of wages was so clearly the great object of the manufacturers in many parts of the country, an d t h e additional hands were in many places so utt er ly unca ll e d for by any real extension of the demand for labour, that it is a fact, and it is one, Sir James, which we are most anxious to press upon your attention, that in very many instances, where new families were taken on by the manufacturers, an equal number of the older families and hands were dismissed to make room for them. After a long and very interesting conversation, of which this report will give but an imperfect idea, Sir James Graham said--You will not expect that I should give any distinct "pledge - as to the course which the Go vernruent may take. on the subject you have brought before us in such a temperate spirit, and in support of s which you have arguei with equal intelligence and good feeling. All I can say . is tnat, in common with my col leagues, I am most desirous to adopt any measure which may have the effect of introducing and maintaining pros perity among our fellow -countrymen ; and you may rest assured that we will use our best exertions, and give our most careful consideration to any measures which seem to us calculated to effect that primary and para mount object. lam obliged to you, gentlemen, for your kindness in calling upon me, and for the information and pleasure you have afforded me, and will only add, that it will always be the duty of the Government to re ceive such deputations from the working classes, and to listen to their statements attentively, ay, and respectfully. The Deputation then withdrew. Of the Home Secretary it may be remarked, that while his treatment of the Deputation was unexceptionable throughout—while there was no want of expressions of politeness and cordiality on his part, upon the whole the impression produced upon the Deputation was less fa vourable than in the previous case. Sir James Graham seems to us have drunk too deeply at the fount of the Malthusian philosophy to be able to get rid entirely of its influence ; and though, while putting forward the arguments of that school, he repeatedly cautioned the Deputation against supposing that he was uttering his own sentiment-s, the Deputation think that there is rea son to apprehend, from the earnestness of manner which he displayed in arguing, and the importance he seemed to attach to those opinions, that the dogmas of that school continue to exercise a considerable influence over his mind. GEORGE A. FLEMING. JOSHUA HOBSON. JOHN LEECH. MARK CRABTREE. TITUS S. BROOKE. SOUTHWARK ANTI-CORN -LAW ASSOCIATION. A meeting of this Association took place on Monday evening, at the Three Tuns Tavern, St. Margaret's-hill, to discuss the effects of the present Corn-laws, upon the trade and commerce of this country. The meeting was graced by the presence of a considerable number of ladies, and altogether we should say that there were about 200 persons present. Benjamin Hawes, Esq., M.P., presided, and was supported by Dr. Bowring, ALP , J. Harris, Esq., M.P., Colonel P. Thompson ; Sidney Smith, Esq., and many of the leading Reformers of the borough. When the tables were cleared, The CHAIRMAN said, that he felt the most lively satis faction in being called to preside over such a meeting, a meeting which he sincerely trusted would be the fore runner of similar meetings in every quarter of the metro• polis, and thus become the leading point of a movement which it would not be found easy to resist.—(Hear.) They had met to discuss a question of vital import tance, a question which their opponints told them was not sufficiently understood ; but surely the distress that had existed for such a length of time was quite suffi cient to give them every requisite information with re gard to the subject. It was monstrous to feel that a small portion of interested persons had for years been able to stand out against the millions.—(Hear, hear.) It was a monstrous thing to know that such was their system of legislation that to benefit 1,000, they inflicted ruinous injury upon a million.—(Hear, hear.) Yes, a small body of persons, by some influence, he knew not what, had been enabled to make themselves masters of the people at the expense of their rights, and even the lives of the people, and for the sole object of putting money into their own pockets.—(Hear.) A body of forty thousand selfish individuals were enabled to per suade the large body of the people, by what induce ments he would not say, to send their nominees into Parliament, there to maintain laws that were inflict ing irreparable injury upon the people themselves. Looking, however, at the movement that was now taking place, looking at the talent and energy called forth to direct and assist that movement, he doubted not but that the eyes of the people would soon be opened to their true interests. Emigration was talked of as a means of alleviating the existing distress. But who would be the persons to emigrate ? Would it be the halt, the lame, and the blind ? No, but the hard-work ing man in the full vigour of his body and mind, thus depriving the country of her mast useful citizens. — (Hear.) Let the Corn-laws be repealed, and that which was now a surplus population would find abundant em ployment.—(Hear.) He would call upon Colonel Thomp son to propose the first resolution. Colonel THOMPSON said he would endeavour to ex plain the causes of the complaints made against the Corn laws, and the remedy for them. Let any gentleman pre sent propose to his imagination his forming one of the occupiers of the upper soil of a limited island, capable of producing a limited amount of produce. The interior is filled with materials for manufactures and commerce, and there are active mariners willing to carry the produce of those manufactures to other countries, to exchange for foreign commodities. How would the parties proceed ? At first, doubtless, the produce of the upper soil being adequate, things would go on well with the occupiers and all parties ; but as population increased and the pro duce continued limited, there would necessarily arise a scarcity of food. It would be immediately discovered that if the product of the manufacturing industry of the people could be exchanged abroad for food, it could be done to great mutual advantage. Suppose, in this state of things, the men who happened to have first become the posses sors of the upper soil were to stand forward and tell the people that they should be prohibited from seeking food in foreign markets—that they must confine themselves thought of an island so situated ? And yet was not this the state of this country at the present moment ? Restricted to home produce, they were necessarily com pelled to give to the owners of the upper soil a greater amount for the produce that was essential to life ' • and in order to do this, they must have less food for the clay's work, or must work a greater number of hours for the same quantity of food. This operated upon all the la bouring population from the highest to the lowest, for the manufacturers' profits were nothing but the wages of a higher order of labour. The great misfortune of this country was, that their Governments were formed for the public evil, and not the public good. They had a knot of cunning men setting themselves together, not to devise how the trade of the country should be promoted, but how it could be hindered, and trammelled. He thought, however, more favourable times were at hand. Those who took the lead on a late occasion might cer tainly have begun earlier. Had they done so, he be lieved they would have been successful.—(Hear, hear.) But they must not be too severe upon them.— (Hear.) They were all liable to err, and ought to act gently towards one another. There vi as another circum stance which he thought favourable to the present move ment ; he meant the change of feeling amongst the work ing-classes. Hitherto the cause had suffered much from the withdrawal of the influence of the working-classes ; but he had strong hopes that the time was coming when the influence of the working-classes would be thrown into the scale, and thus united for one common good and with one common object, drawing all at once and all together, he felt convinced, whatever opposition they might meet with, they would attain the object which was dear to all, and which was for the benefit of all. He would conclude by proposing the following resolution—" That the cause in which we are engaged, viz., the total repeal of the Corn and Provision-laws, is just and righteous, deserving the support of every lover of his country and of the hap piness and prosperity of his fellow citizens, and which, from the daily increasing distress in nearly all parts of the kingdom, calls for renewed and increased exertion." J. HARRIS, Esq., M.P., seconded the resolution. The resolution was put and carried unanimously. Dr. BownING proposed the next resolution. The re solution afforded him much gratification, as it referred to the great progress which this question was making in the public mind. The question had suffered nothing by delay. On the contrary, it had now been dragged into the broad light of day, the fallacies that surrounded it had been smitten down, and the people, enlightened upon the subject, were determined no longer to be denied the benefits and blessings of a free communication and inter change of produce with the rest of the world. Tho Hon. Gentleman, after referring to the celebrated petition re specting free trade, presented twenty years ago from certain merchants of the City of London, said they were now again putting forward those great principles, not as a few intelligent merchants, or a few opulent and influen tial individuals, but as a whole community. The suffer ing millions had been taught wisdom by distress. After some brief remarks he concluded by moving—" That the prospects of success to our efforts are encouraging beyond all precedent—such as hold out the strongest hope that by unremitting and persevbring endeavours, we shall ob tain the speedy realization of our most ardent and long cherished desires—the entire abolition of those unjust and oppressive laws." A. PELLATT, Esq., seconded the resolution. They were all agreed upon one point—namely, the inapolicy of the Cora-laws, and it was high time for them to diffuse amongst the people all possible information on the sub ject.—(Hear, hear.) It was evident that some radical and important change must take place, if the happiness of the people was to be studied. The present restrictions upon trade must be removed, or the working man would soon be, if, indeed, he was not at present, unable to pay his way.—(Hear, hear.) Many of the continental manufac turers were enabled to purchase their raw materials at half the cost for which they could be obtained in this country. They were in that way enabled to undersell us in our own colonies and home markets. Unless the price of provisions, and especially of corn, was reduced,. the best interests of the country would soon be entirely destroyed.—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN put the resolution, and it was carried unanimously. JAMES WILSON, Esq., moved the following resolution —" That the assistance and co operation of ladies, in the prosecution of this good work, is of the greatest impor tance, and will most essentially promote the accomplish ment of its objects. We, therefore, earnestly and press ingly invite the aid of the females of Southwark—mo thers, wives, and daughters (after the example of their countrywomen in Manchester and other places), by sigr.- ing and obtaining signatures to memorials and petitions, and by collecting subscriptions, to assist us in this laud able, life-preserving undertaking."—(Cheers.) Mr. SIDNEY SMITH seconded the resolution. Accord ing to the testimony of James Deacon Hume, Esq., the amount of the bread any beef tax was a hundred mil lions annually, and that burden was imposed on the country under the pretence that it was necessary for the protection of the agricultural labourers of this country, as they had large burdens to bear, and were unable, unless protected, to compete with the fo reign grain grower. The principal burdens which they mentioned as an excuse for their conduct were tithes and poor-rates. The one did not exist in Scotland, nor the other in Ireland, and yet Englishmen were enabled to compete with them ; and if Englishmen could main tain a competition with the untaxed wheat of Scotland, why could they not do so also with that of France, or any other country?—(Hear, hear.) The agricultural labourers in England and Wales were estimated at the THE SUN, LONDON WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5, 1842. last completed census of 1831 at 961,000 families. Now, suppose they were at the present time one million, and that each earned 10s. a week, which was more than the sum considered as sufficient for their support by the Duke of Buckingham, that would amount to 26,000,000/. a year : so that, in order to give protection to farm labourers, the nation was taxed fifty millions annually. It would be infinitely better to build them each a cottage, and pay each of them 10s. a week to the day of their death, than to uphold the present system; for if they did so, they would save by it 24,000,0001. annually.—(Cheers ar.d laughter.) The Learned Gentleman concluded an able and lengthened address amidst great applause. The resolution was put from the chair, and carried nem. con. A vote of thanks was then passed to the Chairman, who briefly returned thanks, and the party broke up. SPITALFIELDS' WEAVERS. Last night, tt seven o'clock, a numerous and most respectable meeting of the influential portion of the inhabitants of Spitalfields, Bethnal-green. and its vicinity, was held at the Soup House, in Brick-lane, for the purpose of taking into consideration the best means to distribute the funds (for the relief of the distressed and unemployed Spitalfields' Silkweavers) now in the hands of the Lord Mayor. Mr. ROBERT HANBURY, having been unanimously called upon to preside, said that the meeting was con vened at the urgent request of the Lord Mayor, who was desirous that the fund which was in his hands should be distributed to mitigate the extreme distress they were in. In order to ascertain the real condition of the district means had been taken for that purpose, and a census of the unemployed looms was considered necessary. Great pains had been used to obtain that c ensus, and, after the mo st careful inquiry, it was found that there were at least 2,783 looms unem ployed at present. Those looms belong to 1,883 fami lies, consisting of 3,567 adults, 4,084 children under twelve years of age, and 1,733 children above twelve years of age. A small portion of the district still re mained unsurveyed. But no time should be lost in examining it, in order that the extent of the distress should be fully ascertained. The result of the inquiry had convinced him that the time had arrived when something should be done to mitigate the distresses of the unemployed. A long discussion then arose as to the best plan to be adopted, when the Reverend Do L. Lawson moved the following resolution :—" That in considera tion of the increased distress now existing among the weavers and those connected with the silk manu factures, immediate steps should be taken to distribute the funds now in the hands of the Lord Mayor, with any other subscriptions that may be received." The resolution was then unanimously agreed to. Robert Hanbury, Esq., was then appointed trea surer, and other resolutions were passed to forward the object of the meeting, one of them being to the effect that the district should be divided into 18 sections. Arrangements to proceed further with the distribution of the money being entered into, it is expected that operations will commence this week. THE DARING BURGLARY AT WRAXALL. (Further particulars, abridged from the Devizes Gazette.) The thieves went from room to room throughout the house, attended by Miss Awdry. Upon going into a room where two servants were in bed together, their money was demanded at the peril of their lives. The thieves now requested Miss Awdry to show them where the plate was kept. She accordingly, conducted them to the butler's pantry. where she pointed out a chest of plate, and informed them what was and was not silver as they took the various articles from the chest ; the articles she stated to be plated were put back again. After this, they insisted upon Miss Awdry sitting with them at a round table in the parlour. whilst they drank a bottle of wine. They afterwards shook hands with her, observing that they should not have troubled her, had they not been driven to it, and then left. Altogether this is one of the most cool and daring burglaries ever committed, and few indeed are the in stances of a young lady's showing so much nerve and self-possession as Miss Awdry exhibited on the occasion. Mr. Awdry is father to Sir John Awdry, who has re cently returned to England from Bombay. The thieves effected an entrance by breaking one of the windows, and then cutting a hole through the shut ters and undoing the fastening. Mr. Awdry, we under stand, keeps two or three men-servants, but none of them sleep in the house. Soon after the thieves had left, some of the servants aroused Mr. Burgess, a neighbouring farmer, who imme diately gave information of the robbery to Mr. Foley, the superintendent of police at Trowbridge. Mr. Foley sent to Ililperton, Bradford, and Melksham, and gave directions to the different police constables to proceed in various routes, but being three hours or more behind they were unable to get any clue to the thieves. Hopes, however, are entertained that they will be apprehended. Several persons are in custody for receiving a great part of the stolen property. (From the Bath Journal.) On Saturday morning eleven prisoners concerned in this robbery were brought up for examination before T. • Clutterbuck, Esq., Chairman, and other Magistrates, at the Lion Hotel. The examination was strictly private, as lathe oriscners had not been apprehended. The pri- Thomas Wise, Jonas Penny, Samuel Stokes, and Eliza Watson as accessories ; and John Roberts, Se lina Roberts, his wife, and Mary Goff their ser vant, as receivers of the stolen property. Miss Awdry gave her evidence at considerable length, which showed Burge and Milsom to be most determined and systematic thieves. They were the negotiators, with life and death in their hands, while Miss Awdry gave them money and whatever they esteemed valuable. All the thieves were armed with bludgeons, some to enter the different apartments, others to keep watch. After Miss Awdry had been for some time giving her evidence, about half-past two o'clock an ill-looking man, who lives at Twerton, of the name of George Pearce, was brought in on suspicion of being concerned in the robbery ; he was taken into custody at his house, where some cloth and other things were found concealed. After the in vestigation had been proceeded with for about four hours, the prisoners were all remanded till Monday for further examination. Some of them are well known to the police as practised thieves. Much of the property has been found, but some of the plate is cut into parts. GL A SGOW ROYAL INFIRMA RY.—MUNIFI CENT BEQUEST.—We are gratified to learn that the noblest of all the charitable institutions in Glas gow is about to receive a princely addition to its funds. Alexander Ritchie, Esq., who departed this life on Thursday, the 30th ultimo, at his residence, Little Govan, having bequeathed , a large fortune to trustees, with directions to make over one half to the Directors of the Infirmary for behoof of that institution. We have reason to believe that his estate will exceed in value 30,0001., and the Infirmary, therefore, will not re ceive less than 15,0001. — Glasgow Constitutional. DREADFUL ACCIDENT.—Monday, between three and four o'clock, a dreadful accident occurred, which it is feared will be attended with fatal consequences, to James Reedely, a young man 19 years of age, an ap prentice to a shoemaker, residing in Church-street, Beth nal-green, who, with two other young men were amusing themselves flying pigeons from off a pigeon trap on the roof of a row of workshops at the back of the house. One of the birds alighted on the edge of the parapet, and on his en deavouring to reach it he overbalanced himself and fell into the back yard. His companions hastened to his as sistance, and found him lying insensible on the ground, having sustained a compound fracture of the skull, besides other extensive inward injuries. The unfortu nate sufferer was immediately removed to the hospital in an alarming and deplorable condition. A NOTHER BURGLARY AT SOUTHWRAXALL. —Early on the Monday morning preceding the late robbery, the house of Mr. Rose, of Hay Farm, near Winsley, was broken into by three or four men. It ap pears that they came into - the bed-room of Mr. Rose with a lighted candle, armed with bludgeons ; and one of them, approaching his bedside, threatened his life if he made a noise, while the others ransacked the drawers and stole several silver spoons. Two powerful young men, sons of Mr. Rose, slept 'in an adjoining room, but he did not alarm them until long after the thieves had decamped. A man named Roberts, a clock and watchmaker of Bath, has been apprehended with part of the stolen plate in his possession ; and, through the, vigilance of the police officers of the district, four men are now in custody upon charges of being con cerned in the robbery, and it is expected that others will shortly be. secured. When the house of IRoberts, in Abbey- green, was searched, clothes of all sizes and des criptions were found therein, well adapted for the pur poses for which they were, no doubt, intended—disguises for thieves. They consisted of grooms', farmers', working mechanics', and " swell" dresses ; in short, it may be truly said, that in the collection will be found dresses of every kind and colour, by which a thief could in a few moments be so completely metamorphosed, as to render identification very questionable. The most searching inquiries are being instituted, and we hope next week will record the capture of all connected with the robbery. CHARACTER OF MR. WILLIAM PALMER. —This intemperate young man is not only a Fellow, but a Theological Tutor of Magdalen College, Oxford. He possesses a good memory, and is, in consequence, what is called a good classical scholar ; but his judgment is deplorably feeble, his logic highly eva sive, and his conceit unbounded. Last year, I think, he passed over into Russia, upon an immature scheme for uniting the Greek and English Churches. His head, I am informed, is teeming with ridiculous notions for the reform of his own College. His read ing is tolerably copious upon certain ecclesiastical points ; but his collective views are most confused and imperfect. As one proof of his conceit, I need only mention that he appears, I am credibly informed, in his College Chapel, with a black silk stripe on one shoulder, thrown over his surplice, to distinguish the deacon of the Church Catholic. Amoncist other portentous opinions, he upholds most fervently the malignant doctrine of the persecution of the heretics, and would think himself in no error to burn any one, if the state of society allowed it, who dares depart from the opinions of what he supposes to be the Church Catholic! I have become an aged man in this University ; and it has been my fate to observe a number of men stationary here, sedulously employed for many years in sapping and undermining the Protes tant faith of the Church of England, and to behold a ma jority of the influential and powerful members of the place calmly :and quietly looking on, almost without a movement, unheedful ot consequences productive of in ternal weakness to the Establishment, and destructive of the doctrines of the Protestant Church Qf Oxford Correspondent, THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. THIS EVENING, JAN. 5, When Her Majesty's Servants will perform the Comedy of EVERY ONE HAS HIS FAULT. —Lord Norland, Mr. Phelps ; Harmony, Mr. Macready ; Mr. Placid, Mr. Keeley ; Edward, Miss Vining ; Lady Eleanor Irwin, Mrs. Warner ; Mrs. Placid, Mrs. Keeley. After which will be repeated the New Christmas Pantomime, called HARLEQUIN AND DUKE HUMPHREY'S DIN.. NER ; OR, JACK CADE, THE LORD OF LONDON STONE. Doors to be opened at Half. past Six, and the Performance to begin at Seven o'clock. Boxes 55., Second Price, 2:. 6d. Pit 35., Second Price 2s. Lower Gallery Is. 6d., Second Price Is. Upper Gallery is., Second Price 6d. To-morrow, The Merchant of Venice, and the Pantomime. THEATRE ROYAL, CON , f.iN UNDER the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTALS. THIS EVENING, JAN. 5, Will be revived Mrs. Inchbald's Comedy of WIVES AS THEY WERE AND MAIDS AS THEY ARE.—Lord Priory, Mr. W. Farren ; Sir William Dorillon, Mr. Cooper ; ' Sir George Evelyn, Mr. G. Vandenhoff • Mr. Bronzely, Mr. Charles Mathews; Miss Dorrillon , Mrs. Nisbett ; Lady Mary Raffle, Mrs. Glover ; Lady Priory, Miss Faucit (her first ap pearance at this Theatre). After which will be repeated the New Grand Christmas Pantomime, entitled GUY EARL OF WARWICK ; OR, HARLEQUIN AND THE DUN COW. _ Doors to be opened at half-past Six—the, performances to commence at Seven. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d.; First and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, 38.; Second Price, 25.; Gallery, Is. 'rickets and places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Grogan at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may be had upon application. Private Boxes to be had solely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller, 167, New Bond-street. To-morrow, Norma, with the New Pantomime. tIOYAL SURLILY 'IHEATttb. UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF MR. DAVIDGE AND MR. WILLIS TONES. Astounding hit—The acknowledged best Pantomime in Lon don—Hundreds nightly unable to gain admittance—The Sons of Syria and Felix Carlo surprise every one. THIS EVENING. JAN. b. Will be acted a New Domestic Diama, entitled MADAME LAFFARGE, from Memoirs written by Herself. After which, a Nautical Burletta, ntitled JACK JUNK ; or, a SEAMAN'S FIRESIDE. — Jack Junk, with Five Sea Songs, Mr. Walton. To conclude with a Grand Christmas Pantomime, entitled HARLEQUIN AND THE ICE QUEEN; OR, JACK FROST AND KING SHAM.—With gorgeous and charac teristic Scenery, splendid Properties, ludicrous and Quaint Dresses, ingenious Tricks, magnificent Panorama by Brun ning, &c. Harlequin, M. Huline ; Patch, M. Rochet ; Pan taloon, M. Lehman ; Flip, Signor Feliz Carlo ; Clown, Mr. , Buckingham ; Columbine, Miss Sharpe. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MR. OSHALDISTON. Grand Juvenile Week ! The Pantomime played as Second Piece ! Novelties unequalled ! Attraction undoubted ! In terest unprecedented! and Success enormous ! THIS EVENING, JAN. 11. Will be acted, SUSAN HOPLEY ' • er, THE TRIALS AND VICISSITUDES OF A SERVANT GlRL.—Wil liam Dean, Mr. E F. Saville; Dicky Dean, Mr. Paul, Susan Hopley, Miss Vincent (the acknowledged Heroine of Domestic Tragedy). After which, a New Grand Romantic Aerial Comic:Pan tomime, entitled HARLEQUIN PETER WILKINS; OR, THE KING OF THE AIR AND THE FLYING IN DIANS.—With new and extensive Scenery, Dresses, Decora tions, Tricks, Transformations, and Effects—A new Nautical Panorama, to be entitled .4 Our Native Sea-girt Isle !" con sisting of Maritime Views along the Coast of England. Also, a new Grand Dissolving Diorama, by Childe, the Great Illu sionist ' • and the Opening of the Pantomime supported by the Comic Talent of this—the Popular Theatre of London. To conclude with THE HAUNTED INN. Boxes, 2s.—Pit, 6d.—Halt-price to the Boxes only, at Half-past Eight. To-morrow, Susan Hopley, Harlequin Peter Wilkins , and The Haunted Inn. NEW STRAND THEATRE. OPEN EVERY EVENING. immense attraction, thunders of applause, the Public deceive d _ _ with their eyes open. Mr. JACOBS, the ROYAL VENTRILOQUIST and GREAT MODERN MAGICIAN, having been received on his third visit to the Metropolis in the most gratifying manner, will continue to work his wonderful and sense -deceiving powers during the present season. All are surprised, all astonished, all delighted with the incomprehensible and metamorphistical feats produced ; amazement sits upon the countenances of the spectators, and murmurs of approbation resound throughout the theatre. Visit the temple of this modern charmer, or you will lose a treat indeed. In addition to the above are added the fol lowing excellent performances :—Mons. ROUSSEUR, the Celebrated FRENCH EQUILIBRIST ; the Classical group ings of the PATAGONIAN WONDERS ; and Herr KREU ZER'S PHANTASMAGORICAL DISSOLVING POR TRAITS. Doors open at Half-past Six, commence at Seven. Boxes, 2s. 6d. ' • Children, Is. 6d. Pit, Is. 6d. ; Children, ls. Gal lery, 6d . Half-price a Quarter to Nine. Boxes, Is. 6d. Pit, Is. Gallery, no half-price. Carriages to be in waiting Ten:Minutes to Eleven. COSMORAMA ROOMS (ROOM 7), 209, REGENT- STREET. THE IVORY MODEL OF THE TAGE MUH AL, or Crown of Edifices, at AGRA, in the East Indies. 6 ' There is at present an Exhibition at 209, Regent-street, as elaborate a Model as was ever perhaps presented to pub lic view. It is a copy, in ivory, of the celebrated 'fage Muhal, one of the most remarkable edifices in modern Agra, erected in 1650 by Khan Shah Jehan, the fifth Great Mogul. as the cemetery of his favourite wife, Sultana Alehd Aliya• This mausoleum is built entirely of white marble, ant some .dea may be formed of its splendour, when it is,stated to have cost in its erection 60 hies of rupees, or 75C,0001 The Model occupies a space of nine square feet, and its height is six feet. It is the work of Indian artists, and while in point of extent it is unmatchable, it is also one of the finest specimens of that 6 Mi this model must have been immense. It is not • the hasty pro duct of a day,' but the result of many years' patient applica tinn. All the multitudinous carvings and inlayings of the ori ginal building are expressed is the copy with every appearance of exactness; nor is the resemblance limited to the outside alone : the interior is also finished in the same minute style. and contains the tombs of the Shah and his Consort, exqui sitely and elaborately worked. On the whole, this model pre sents a surprising and beautiful effect, and terms one of the most interesting exhibit ions in the metropolis. "—Morn. Chron. Open from Ten to Six o'clock. A dmission, Is. Book, 6d. THE RAILWAY SUN IS NOW RE-PUBLISHING, PRICE SIXPENCE. TUE CHINA SUN, AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SUN ARE STILL ON SALE, PRICE SIXPENCE EACH. Sun Office, Jan. 5, 1842. THE WEATHER.-NOON, JANUARY 4 ROYAL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STREET Thermometer... 30 ) Highest 3l Lowest . Barometer 29.77.—Wind N.E.—Freezing Point 22 Deg. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning 38 minutes after 7. 1 Evening .... 7 minutes after 8. tion." " They grow up in total ignorance of all the true Ste., were enfran"b duties of women. ' " they are totally unfitted to attend I to the care of home or to participate in its employments." " They neither learn, in the majority of instances, to make a shirt, darn a stocking, cook a dinner, nor clean a house." " The system is an inversion of the order of nature and Providenee." " Disaffection and discontent must be engendered amongst parties so situated." " Throughout the tanuta.entring districts mills are nearly closed. The capitalist and middle classes are in difficulties—insolvent or bankrupt ; while the operatives are in a state of destitution which must make every heart bleed, and which arises from, causes over which they themselves have no control. As a proof that we are not overstating the facts, we beg to present you, Sir Robert, with one illustration of many which might be offered. It is a printed copy of the Report of the Unemployed Operatives' Enumeration Committee of Leeds, in which a detailed statement of the condition of the operatives in the several wards of that town, the emporium of the woollen district, is given. The summary of that ap palling statement is, that nearly 20,000 human beings are now living upon an average weekly income of 11,-s t d. per head. We leave to your own judgment what must be the ultimate end of such a state of things." They told Sir JAMES GRAHAM, on the 28th of •October, that our ascendancy in foreign markets could not be maintained by " Reducing much lower the wages of the adu lt operatives. That class of labourers were as near the hare `subsistence level,' when in full employ, as it was possible to place them. . . . . You have just these alternatives—either to commence this measure (a sys tem of home colonization) now gradually and peaceably, and thus avert the evils we have been anticipating, or to let the present system take its course, spreading destitu tion, pauperism, discontent, and disaffection, more and more widely, until it terminates in general disorga nization and anarchy, and then to be forced to begin de novo ' amid the wrecks of former institutions The humble comforts of the operative's cottage have disap peared. The middle class of tradesmen, who depend upon the lower classes, are in all but an insolvent state, and trade is concentrated in the hands of a few over grown capitalists, in consequence of the inability of smaller capitalists to contend with them. Such is the state of our towns at the present moment. We have given you our reasons for believing that this increase of our foreign trade under the present system would permanently increase neither wages nor profits, nor arrest their downward tendencies ; and we leave to you the consideration of these reasons. Upwards of two months ago, therefore, was the terrible condition of the operative classes clearly and emphatically brought under the no tice of these two leading Ministers. What have they done to amend or relieve it ? Nothing, absolutely nothing. They have journeyed from Windsor to London, and from London to Tam worth ; they have dined and spouted at Dor chester; they have raised their own rents; but they have left the people a prey to this deep distress, and they have allowed the system to run on—they have even accelerated its progress— whiclt dooms the people to this distress, and which threatens such disasters. We do not suppose that the members of the Short Time Committee, who ascribe their suffer ings to the employment of machinery, are any more to be relied on in tracing out the cause of distress than in suggesting its cure. It has been more than once proved in The Sun that the use of machinery has very much increased manual employment. Every new machine, in fact, is the creation of a new art or a new trade, and increases the sum of employment. We do not blame the Ministers, therefore, for not be lieving that the distress of the operatives was caused by the use of machinery, nor do we blame them for not acceding to the recommendations of the Short Time Committee as to the means of cure; but we blame them—knowing as they must, otherwise they are the merest quacks and humbugs that ever assumed the name of statesmen, the real causes of dis tress, and knowing as they must ; the means of cure, or the Tamworth Doctor and his friends take very large fees for performing that which they must then admit they cannot perform,—we blame them with all the energy at our com mand for allowing two precious months to elapse,* when the severity of the season must enhance the sufferings of the people, without using the smallest exertions to relieve their great distress. The Ministers might have allowed the f'ree itn portation of food by order of Council which would set the mills to work, as well as re duce the price of bread, but that would have lowered rents, and that rents may be kept up, the people are doomed by the Tories to remain e prey to poverty, famine, and despair. I l lici t ilset t ‘si i g ly qpwei iyhq li t ialm i yAl . ronoured and 1 The remedies suggested by the Short Time Committee are also indicative of ff t eri great - • great suffering-, They ask the Legislature, which has never meddled with trade • but to injure it, to restrict the hours of work. Surely they can and ought to do that for themselves. Let them say that they trill not work more than eight hours a day if they like, and we apprehend the law will not compel them to work more. They also ask.ed ftr the repeal of the new Poor-law, which they told Sir R. PEEL was now inoperative, and never could be carried into operation in the manufac turing districts. To Sir JAMES GRAHAM they recommended— " The adoption of a comprehensive and efficient plan of home colonization; for which purpose we would advise the passing, at the expense of the nation, of a General Waste Land Enclosure Bill, which should make provi sion for reasonable compensation to all those interested in these lands. We should then have a Parliamentary grant raised by loan, or by Exchequer bills, to be applied under a Board of Control to the settling down upon these uncultivated but improvable wastes our now unemployed population; and if the waste lands were insufficient we would recommend that the Government should have re course to the Crown lands for the same purpose and in the same way. This would increase real wealth at home, direct the energies of the people in the first place to pro vide food and shelter for themselves, and the surplus of their labour would form a fund for defraying the neces sary expenses, and ultimately repaying the principal advanced. " Sir J. Graham—Ah I that might do very well if we were beginning de novo, but under present circumstances seems quite impracticable." Sir JAMES does not like the notion of squatting on the landlords' manors, and on the Crown pos sessions. If that were to begin, and if home colonization were to be promoted by the issue of Exchequer bills, Sir JAMES knows that the parks at Netherby and. Stowe, and even Windsor Parks, which are Crown lands, and admirable adapted for cultivation, would soon be required to feed the increasing population, if it had to be We have recently published some communi- maintained by our own soil. Sir JAMES and the cations between the Short Time . Committee monopolists will always find it more impracti and two of the Ministers, on the condition of cable, the Short Time Committee may be our factory labotirers, and the means of improv- we ll assured, to relieve the suffering labourers, ing it, which must, we think, have commanded by dividing the wastes and Crown lands the attention of the public. However much the amongst them, than by allowing the free statements of the Committee as to the con- est importation of corn, conjoined with dition of the factory labourers may be relied drafting off the people from the land into the on, no person will suppose that their suggestions manufacturing towns. That the Short Time of legislative measures, which will affect not Committee, the protegees of Lord ASHLEY and only them, but the capitalists, who have a con- the Tories, should have dared to make such an flicting interest, and the whole of the com 7 extraordinary proposition to a Minister of the muity, are deserving of the same confidence. Crown as that of taking away the manors of the Far be it from us to say that these hard- Nobility and the QUEEN for the sustenance of working, and, we believe, much injured people, the people, indicates, in our opinion, a deeper who feel the pressure of bad laws, do not take as distress amongst them, and a more resolute clear and comprehensive a view of the national earnestness to obtain relief than is t o b e f oun d interest as the monopolist Ministers they at - in the narration of their sufferings. tempted in vain to enlighten. Far be it from us Before we quit th e subject, it sems necessary Time g ! a i e , tt the to suppose that their opinions are not as states- to remind the Short manlike and patriotic as those of the selfish the Lislu the public at lar ge , t h at landlords; but they are not at present in a master - manufacturers and millowners, are re position to be blindly honoured and obeyed , sponsible for the condition of the labourers. The and therefore their suggestions are treated as millowners do not pretend to protect them, chimerical by the Ministers, and will be treated i Th ey ta k e no large payments for performing as impracticable by the community. " Ho w ," i t " can such purblind ! that service. The have no monopoly f lams will be at once said, y o ' granted them in order to watch over the interests mortals as those who hav e a ll their liv ', of the nation. No large part of the national in been spinning cotton or car di ng communicating only with other wool-carderswool, come, like tithes, and like rent, is set apart for and cotton-spinners, pr esume to k now any ; their especial use, in order to enable them to thing of the stupendo us an d comp li cated eels- I provide for the public welfare. The millowners are mere traders, busily and openly employed, tions of that society, which are beyond the ken I like retail dealers, in providing fbr their of philosophers which the wisest and most f a milies, and snaking a Commie ; and they are no practical statesmen cannot grasp, for their best : more responsible than any other class of traders laid schemes are continually addled, and which ; for the welfare of the persons with whom they seem rather subjects of Divine cw,ternplation, ' deal, whether they buy of them labour or cotton. and of Divine than of human regulation,—how The landowners, who have had a monopoly of can cotton-spinners and wool-carders tnake laws law-making as of laud, the great Peers, the for the community ?" Their suggestions for Clergy, including the Bishops ;in short, the well new enactments, therefore, will probably he dis- paid but terribly inefficient governing classes, carded with contempt, but their testi mon y to the and not the industrious millowners, are respon present ;condition of the peopl e Lin d e • the sible for the condition acrd sufferings of the la beraynont rule of the landed aristocracy, will be : bouriug classes. a lasting memorial of the-utility to them of a so- i Though now greater than ever, they called protecting and paternal Government. ' did not commence in 1836, or even in 1830; They told Sir ROBERT PEEL, so long ago as and then the millowners, as such, had, not October 23, that ., i even votes for the Members of the House of Corn " The fePales at the 'factories get little) if any educa- i mons, 13efore Manchester, Leeds, Birmingham, Lou is p bole to JESTY ti I ) ePUtiel I ace e p one an d if in fact, an anknowlai in lendi np State can their fore tl!eprero9 rights is thus that Zeus sin( ne a truth that it is and by '!gal eoni all these that i s d, antinten e prosperit Besid the Qu, T hey They co Satv AN return t Was left Who, a to etric A horrible murder has been committed in Ire- dipl oma :and. A poor idiot has been smeared with tur- g l ory at pentine, and roasted to death. Law and autho- Arable rity have been mocked by holding a pretended 0 f Fre t' , inquest on the body. The culprits are said to be , The f its The chiefly OFFICERS OF THE ARMY, a class of men Ineree:- who belong to the aristocracy, as well as to the . In an i military; and who learn from their class, and In the Ea their profession, to be habitually regardless of aPe er ctive Y omeni the lives of the people. Our indignation is justly fleet, i n ti roused against such, a monstrous piece of bar- ," Let barity practised on an unoffending lad ; but ' laude on "de to how slight were his sufferings, how speedy and , near th e beneficent the end, compared to the protracted ' line, end sufferings which the landed aristocracy inflict Aral Lo on hundreds and thousands of our not merely ; '44IA letached nde unoffending, but most useful and valuable many - July, ~„;', ample of slowly, wilfully, and knowingly starving . itittn Ahre:arican facturing artisans, their wives, and little ones? ~ r i ghthe When the Legislature sets the abominable ex- -,.: tack e d e u etlt r rn jthite(,l the manufacturers to death, we cannot be at all ' of the e l , ln, • surprised, however greatly we are indignant, that e then th em to the sons and relations of the landed aristocracy-- - h -Q a ssem that the military servants and dependents on '• that aristocracy and Legislature, should roast a , ° hips o f poor simple lad to death. Nor are we surprised • Matt of,' at the ferocity which is now occasionally dis.. set,' tw° • t . erifet played by individuals, for it is practically. that this taught them by the example of the law-makers. ' . ele, and, , ,would - We have long and perseveringly exposed and ~mit „ , denounced the wicked cruelty of those who to r i es .r .: raise their rents by taxing their starving neigh- , ';, bours' bread ; and we now call on society to , il o st u r tiet i, nc mark well, before the passions of the people Admiral break through all bounds, the growing cruelty . cor n , Z t l ( and ferocity which have been inculcated by the : . t w h ards th Legislature, and which, we much fear, socie t y tri e b Mini will yet have to deplore in tears of blood: : mere 1,,, kss they happened to be freeholders or free- 1 ;:y l e.3 1 men, had not any direct electoral power, what. '. : fu el ever influence their wealth might have given ~,s 1 them over the landlords. That was, un: ." ivoi l i c ii doubtedly, considerable ; and ,we do not deny , :iis ,11, 0 that the landlords lent themselves to the : 1,7 0 1ai avarice of the masters, and prostituted legis-, - 0 90 8 .., , 9 41 lation to oppress the people, whom the law- 491 011 ,14 makers ought to have protected. That the mas- ••''l 3 il ters are selfish men seeking wealth nobody .fjoill i , denies, but that is neither dishonest nor dis. ' 0 ' 9 ,1 honourable. All men are selfish, and they all ' 7 l:, t ft seek wealth, though to some are denied the ~4 No means and opportunity of gaining much. Be- .-• 14 4 tween their conflicting and rival claims, it is the : 1,41 , 1 ,i 11 1 ' business of the Government to stand neuter, be " lflo 301 •,:af s trictly impartial, and do justice to all. Our :,,,,,geoli great misfortune is to have a Government which ;•:14 is a rabid partisan, which never is neuter, and : 0 91 11 which is actually constituted at present to per- All, petrate injustice. The Short Time Committee, , 0 0: therefore, and its constituents, should vent their , ~,,o' wrath on the Government, not on the mill owners who, like themselves, are men struggling with one another in trade and with the world. Oft The official columns of the Moniteur of Sun day are filled with the New Year's-day Ad dresses presented to the King of the FRENCII, with the answers of his MAJESTY thereto.. The main subject of most of these is, GOD knows, as hacknied as it is deplorable. They have, for the most part, but this burthen :—That all who ap' proach the foot of the throne are rejoiced thst,,'i, he who sits upon it has passed another year''i . b without being assassinated, in which sentiment ,g the KING of course cordially joins. The diplor ,( 1 matic body has always, as its organ, the 01de4 ,, .Ambassador, and accordingly, on this oecas ion the Marquis de BRIGNOLE SALE, the Sardinian l : fi .,/ Envoy, read the Address to his MAJESTY. Apart c y from congratulations on the escape of the Kirroi , , and the Royal Princes, it merely contains the,; l : following allusion to the Treaty of the Great 4: :: Powers :—‘, This year has also seen the union of the Cabinets more closely together—an union necessary for the repose of the people and the' preservation of peace." There is no error on the , side of frankness in such a diplomatic cony mon-place as this. The KING, in his answer, more explicit. His MAJESTY says :—" The yea r 1.84-1 iwoiii,ith. hArinv.rociiir._. Lt.hnc. sppn th e Cabinets afford by their accord a fresh pledge of general peace, and I have the . confidence tha we shall preserve it from every assault." reciprocate this benevolent wish. After twentil six years of peace, Europe never stood more il l , need of its continuance than now, and sever, recent acts of the French Government prove the I wishes of the KING to be sincere. The Addreo.• of the Peers is less commonplace than usual; probably because it was written as well as red by the Duke DE BRoGLIE, who aims at the repo' tation of a philosopher. Why Baron PAsQual l had not such a task assigned him we cannot tell' We quote this Address : Sire,—To found a free and regular Government is laborious work. The wisdom of Princes, the interest ° the people, and the enlightened vigilance of the pubh,e powers do not a l one su ffi ce f or it. Th e p ro t ec ti on o f G°' ' is also necessary, and the help of time. What man he:, gins time alone completes an d s t reng th ens . W e ble di,' this new year, which has just increased the n um ber e• the years that your reign already comprises. We real, thanks to Him, whose goodness has preserved your for us, and preserved your children for our children. Th_l past is a guarantee to us for the future. We have a gou" cause, and we shall have good success. There is nothing, moreover, in the aspect of the times which seems to I°' nounce fresh storms, and nothing interdicts us from the joys and hopes of such a day as this. To-morrow Ae shall resume our labours, and this day we are bearers t° ' you of the good wi s hes of France. To which the KING replies : It was, as you state, a laborious work to found • France a free and regular Government The supp e.crs that I have always found in the Chamber of Peers 11 7 been ono of the greatest means at arriving at this This Government will receive by its duration that con. secretion of stability which, by discouraging the tactical, will finish by confirming, on authority, the necessta rigour to maintain the laws, to cause the rights of all to be respected, and to repress those incessant attacks ea property which might shake society to its very foundo: tion. The noble attitude of the Chamber of Peers out s •': to inspire salutary confidence that the throne to wht e :, France has raised me, for the guarantee of her' 1 9, 7 , " and of her liberties, cannot be attacked by these raiS e ;'' rable attempts, and that we shall continue to disconc e U , the guilty secret practices of those who turn to account ° credulous ignorance to accredit the success of their . ' sinister projects. Had any foreign representative body dared to apply such language to France, as is here a 47,.., dressed to her by the Court of Peers and KING, whata shout of execration would be raises from Brest to Strasburg, and from Dunkirk Toulon! What a'fury would seize the Press! He w the Deputies would storm! and how the ' cry o f "To arms, and crush the foul libeller of chi y most civilized people in the world, would resoan', 4 throughout France I It is wholesome people sometimes to know what their friendS, J think of them, and France may not be worse for learning what is thought of hel l 9f boasted civilization by her KING and her Chaff";, ber of Peers. The Address of the Deputies is Atif sort of congratulatory political hodge-podo o framed on the model of an answer to a Speeel3/ from the Throne. It really looks as if every member of the Comtnittee concocted a para . ' rapli to suit his own views. We quote it, as .0 curiosity of its kind:— In offering our felicities to your Majesty, the Chain , her of Deputies includes in the same wishes the f u ture ° f the he constitutional throne and public prosperity. The country, Sire, comprehends this binding together, the enemies of social order understand it also when the , ' • undertake to strike civilisation itself, now by royalty' and by the dearest hopes of the dynasly. Their efforts will be vain. The arm of Providence 19 more indefatigable than crimes, and society is stronge r than the conspiracies. The entire nation repulses the -2 with horror, and the labouring classes, which it is At tempted to mislead, are neither the last nor tie least to terested to curse them. It is because they know, Sire, that order is profito bl d e tor all citizens, and that the weakest are certain to fin i amongst the greatest powers of the State that pater solicitude which was always the sentiment of go d Kings and of enlightened Go;ernments. France can also recta with joy the moral improve' ments realised in a few years ; the abolition of lotteries' the suppression of public gaming tables, the foundatio"e of savings' banks, the refuge for the destitute, and ti l regulation of the factories for children, and primary in: struction, organised on a vast scale, the ways opened i" labour and intelligence, in fact opened everywhere. Labour, Sire, is honoured everywhere in this co oll. . try:—The authority of religion, which consecrate s it by its divine moral ; our institutions of legal equality, f conservatism, and of progress, so well calculated insure the fruits of industry which is completed, and„l.2_ encourage thehopes of industry which commences; fillo A .;;, the noble examples which your august family will IV v° allow to be wanting in France. This was severely testing theßoyal gra-Y 1311 - • " traifift, • ' ... fr ijot ,t7l l o ._ rrr-r z ", 7w. " titz _lttitt LONDON: WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5, 1842. FROM LAS GAZETTE. WINDSOR CASTLE, JAN. 3, 1842. His Royal Highness Prince Albert has been pleased to appoint Major-General William Wemyss to be Clerk Marshal to his Royal Highness. DOWNING-STREET, JAN. 1. The Queen has been pleased to appoint Thomas Chandler Haliburton, Esq., to be a Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of the Province of Nova Scotia. BOARD OF TRADE, JAN. 3. Notice is hereby given, that the Lords of the Commit tee of Privy Council for Trade have appointed George Joyce, Esq., Comptroller of Corn Returns, in the room of William Jacob, Esq., who has resigned. OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, JAN. 1. Royal Regiment of Artillery—Brevet Major R. F. Ho mer to be Lieut.-Colonel, vice Sinclair, retired on full pay; Second Captain F. A. Griffiths to be Captain, vice Ro mer ; First Lieutenant G. I nnes to be Second Captain, vice Griffiths ; Second Lieutenant G. Neville to be First Lieutenant, Dec. 23. DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVENCY. HENRY ADOLPHUS BABER, maltster, Lindfield, Sussex. JAMES BECKETT, sheep dealer, Great Bourton, Oxfordshire. GEORGE BARNARD, coal-merchant, Portsea. BENJAMIN WARD, boot and shoe manufacturer, Charlotte-terrace, New-cut, Lambeth. WILLIAM ENRY APSEY, ship breaker, Globe wharf, Rotherhithe. BANKRUPTS. ROBERT COLLINSON and WILLIAM BROWN, upholsterers, Oxford-street, Marylebone, to surrender, Jan. 14, at one, and Feb. 15, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall street; Allen, Gylby, and Allen, Carlisle-street, Soho-sq. JOHN LUSCOMBE, maltster, Plymouth, Jan. 17, and Feb. 15, at twelve, at the Royal Hotel, Plymouth. Bartrum and Son, Bishopsgate-street-Within, London ; Were, Plymouth. JAMES BISSHOPP, market-gardener, Westburton, Sussex, Jan. 17, and Feb. 15, at eleven, at the Dolphin Hotel, Chichester. Blackburn and Senior, New Inn, London ; Ellis and Upton, Petwork, Sussex. GEORGE GILLARD, tea dealer, Plymouth, Devon shire, Jan. 17, and Feb. 15, at eleven, at the Royal Hotel, Plymouth. Patten, Hatton-garden, London. WILLIAM WILLIAMS, corn dealer, Cowarne, He refordshire, Jan. 13, and Feb. 15, at eleven, at the Black Swan Inn, Hereford. Clarke and Medcalf, Lincoln's Inn•fields London ; Reece, Leabury, Herefordshire. WILLIAM GIBB, currier, Alnwick, Northumberland, Jan. 14, and Feb. 15, at one, at the Star Inn, Alnwick. Spours and Carr, Alnwick ; Dunn and Dubie, Raymond buildings, Gray's Inn, London. WILLIAM SWIFT, mercer, Manchester, Jan. 19, and Feb. 15, at ten, at the Commissioners'-room, Man chester. Baxter, Lincoln's Inn-fields, London; Sale and Worthington' Manchester. JOHN JACOB SCHENCK, merchant, Addle-street, City, Jan. 18, at one, and Feb. 15, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Gibson, official assignee, Basing hall-street ; Austen and Hobson, Raymond-buildings, Gray's Inn. THOMAS HENRY FORD, victualler, Rochford, Essex, Jan. 12, and Feb. 15, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Lackington, official assignee, Coleman street-buildings ' • Wood and Wickham, Grac , church street, for Wood Rochford. GEORGE DELIANSON CLARK, bookseller,Strand, January 12, and Feb. 15, at one, at the Court of Bank- ruptcy. Johnson, Basirghall-street, official assignee Waugh, Great James-street, Bedford-row. DIVIDENDS. At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street. T. I. Woodin, victualler, New-cut, Lambeth, Jan. 27, at twelve—T. Stallebrass and H. Middleton, mahogany merchants, City-road, Jan. 20, at twelve—R. Harris, merchant, Lower Thames-street, Jan. 27, at half-past one —G. Jemmett, coach-maker, Long-acre, Jan. 25, at half past twelve—E. J. Troughton, merchant, St. Michael's alley, Cornhill, Jan. 25, at eleven—H. Bentall, coal mer chant, Cecil-street, Strand, Jan. 25, at one—J. Scott, merchant, Brick-hill-lane, Upper Thames-street, Jan. 25, at half-past one—R. Jewesson, merchant, Fenchurch street, Jan. 25, at two—F. Gyo and R. Hughes, mer chants, Fleet-street, Jan. 29, at eleven—C. R. Read and J. G. Moojen, ship agents, Crutched7friars, Jan. 29, at twelve—G. Wilkin. tailor, Frith-street, Soho-square, Jan. 29, at half-past twelve—J. Greaves, leather seller, Fish-street-hill, Jan. 28, at twelve—H. Fletcher, s en ., and 11. Fletcher, jun., clothiers, Eastington, Gloucester shire, Jan. 26, at one. In the Country. G. Wilson and R. Briddon, machine-makers, Salford, Lancashire, Jan. 28, at eleven, at the Commissioners'- rooms, Manchester—R. Cass, grocer, Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, Jan. 28, at one, at the Guildhall, York—C. Robinson, wine merchant, Stone, Staffordshire, Jan. 27, at one, at the Castle Hotel, Staffordshire—T. Franklin, currier, Walsall, Staffordshire, Jan. 25, at twelve, at the Swan Hotel, Staffordshire. CERTIFICATES—JAN. 25. C. Coils, C. Thompson, and R. P. Harris, bill brokers, Lombard-street—W. James, general shopkeeper, Beau fort Iron-works, Brecnockshire—G. Bugg, carpenter, Exmouth-street, Clerkenwell—T. M. Jones, merchant, Yardley, Worcestershire—W. W. Salford, timber mer chant, Stockport, Cheshire—J. Magnus, linen draper, Ramsgate—J. Brooks,British sugar manufacturer, Bristol. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. T. and W. Holmes, tanners, Kingston-urn -Hull—H. W. Chappelow, sen., andW. • Chappelow, jun., bridle cutters, Long acre—R. Smith and R. Morphett, whole sale tea dealers, Sise-lane, City—T. Nicholson and H. E. Hoole, merchants, Sheffield—G. Cooper and W. Golden, corn merchants, New Windsor—C. Phillips and H. Owen, Atherstone, Yorkshire—G. Wildes, J. Pick ersgill, T. Searle, and W. C. Pickersgill, Coleman-street —G. Wildes, J. Pickersgill, 'l'. Searle, W. C. Pickers gill, Ja. Fielden, Jn. Fielden, Js. Fielden, T. Fielden, D. Campbell, and W. Bowman, merchants, Liverpool—D. Hall, C. M'Garel, and A. 11. Hall, West India mer chants, Fenchurch street—C. Piper and C. Phillipson, jewellers, Birmingham—E. Holloway and F. E. Wright, Stockwell-common, Surrey—W. and J. E.Cousins, carpen ters, Duke-street, St. James's—J. Brown and W. Nye,wine merchants, Great St. Helens, City—G. Bradley, J. Bradley, and J. Harvey, lace-thread manufacturers, Not tingham (so far as regards J. Harvey) —J. Wood and W. Antrobus, bakers, Manchester—J. Ricketts, F. Ricketts, A. George, R. Vaughan, and S. Watton, beer brewers, Bristol—J. Fisher, sen., T. Fisher, and H. Robinson, lace manufacturers, Watling-street, City —J. Perrin and P. Jeyes, chemists, Northampton —J. Paterson and B. Ware, commission agents, Addle -street, City—T. and C. Handisyde, upholsterers, Lamb's Conduit-street— W. J. Gifford and H. Savage, surgeon apothecaries, Glou cester-place, New-road—J. Morris and J. Clegg, attor neys, Bradford, Yorkshire—G. and E. Davis, lime burners, Milton, Kent—T. Irlam and A. Thompson, brokers, Liverpool—T. Clowes and J. Royle, common brewers, Chorlton-upon-Medlock: Lancashire—l. and A. Hodgson, linen manufacturers, Newcastle-upon-Tyne— J. Hall and J. Roberts, slate merchants, Tavistock, De vonshire—J. Smith, jun., and G. Heppell, ship brokers, Newcastle-upon-Tyne—P. Jennings and J. Marshall, woolstaplers, Bradford, Yorkshire—A. Le Coq and C. Saidler, merchants, Mark-lane, City—R. Bowlby, H. Snowball, and J. R. Bowlby, attorneys, South Shields — T. and A. Blain, cabinet makers, Liverpool —J. and T. Lowe, goldsmiths, Chester—E. M. Brodie and J. Ha milton, Liverpool—J. Hall, J. English, and J. J. W. Gulch, pin manufacturers, Gloucester (so far as regards J. English)—T. Watkins, W. Smith, and C. Hope, tea brokers, Fenchurch-street—T. Millican and R. Craw ford, tailors, Leicester—G. F. Bowers and A. Wood, Egyptian black manufacturers, Burslem, Staffordshire— H. Holland and J. H. Frercks, silversmiths, Lower Smith-street, Northampton-square, Clerkenwell W. Elliston and T. S. Fisher, linen drapers, Cambridge—. M. Wilson, J. Wellman, and J. Wilson, tailors, Old Bond-street—R. Clarke and E. King, attorneys, Bath— D. Crawford and J. Dickin, surgeons, Shrewsbury—J. Robbins and J. May, lacemen, Old 'Change—J. and J. Lee, wine merchants, Bradford, Yorkshire—W. Churchill and R. Mallory, ironmongers, Cheltenham—J. Bawtree, T. J. Turner, G. H. Errington, and J. Baw tree, jun., bankers, Colchester (so far as regards T. J. Turner)—T. Taylor, T. Taylor, jun., and H. Taylor, booksellers, Liverpool (so far as regards T. Taylor, sen.) —J. and It. Wortley, farmers, Horsford, Norfolk—T. Wood and It. Ellis, attorneys, Corbet-court, Grace church-street—C. Bailey and W. Button, farmers, Bot ley, Berkshire—T. Anthony and J. Bickham, calico printers, Manchester—J. Perry and J. Richardson, jun., printers, Liverpool—P. Lloyd and E. A. Edwards, plumbers, Holywell, Flintshire —J. Dixon and J. Spooner, saddlers' ironmongers, Walsall, Staffordshire— T. Pearson, J. Pearson, and J. Pearson, wholesale fur nishing ironmongers, Calthorpe-place, Gray's Inn-road —H. Lewis and B. W. Fase, jewellers, Oxford-street— J. S. Legh and J. Sanders, solicitors, Liverpool—T. Murdoch, J. D. W. Gordon, and P. Cassart, merchants, Madeira—S. C. Hamlyn and E. Balman, Liverpool—W. Watson, B. Watson, and J. Watson. dyers, Leeds—F. de Lizardi, P. de la Quintana, and A. Gordon, merchants, Liverpool (so far as regards P. de la Quintana) — R. Fildes and J. W. F arrar , w h o l e sale grocers, St. Helen's, Lancashire—J. Kempson, sen., and J. Kempson, jun., land agents, Birmingham—m. Perry, G. A. Barrett, W. Exall, and C. J. Andrewes, iron founders, Reading, Berkshire—R. Snow, W. Strahan, Sir J. D. Paul, Bart., and J. D. Paul, bankers, Strand (so far as regards R. Snow)—W. Dakin and C. Ewer, soda-water manufac turers,Howell and Bury St. Edmund' s , Suffolk —W • M • H. Huckvale, Colonial brokers, Mincing-lane—J. Field, W. Chilton, and C. Southwell, printers, Bristol—S. Eckhard, A. S. Menssing, A. Tremel, G. E. Eckhard, and A. F. Eckhard, general commission agents, Brad ford, Yorkshire (so far as regards A. Tremel.) SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. JAMES JOHNSTON, manufacturer, Glasgow, Jan 7 and 31, at one, at the Writing-office of W. Steele, jun., Glasgow. JOHN WILSON, butcher, Dundee, Jan. 10 and 31, at twelve, at the Royal Hotel, Dundee. ARCHIBALD MPHAIL, provision merchant, Lau rieston, Glasgow, Jan. 10 and 31, at twelve, at the Office of Knox and Findlay ; writers, Laurieston. JAMES M'MILLAN, g rocer, Ne wbi gg in g , Muss el" burgh, Jan. 8 and Feb. 4, at one, at the Writing Chatn-' bers of J. Gilmour, S.S.C., Edinburgh. A and EE 3 X I, A . at N two, DE a t iti%L DAVID CHRYSTIE, b u ilder. Glasgow, Jan. 10 and 31, at two, at the Black B u ll I n n, Glasgow. thell L N e E m , on me rchant, Aberdeen, Jan. T r ee Tavern, Aberd een . ii NEIL M'GIBBON, writer, I nv erary, Jan. 13 and 31, at two, at the Argyle Hotel, Inverary. ALEXANDER. KEITH and CO., manufacturers, Paisley, Jan. 12 and 31, at two, a t the Saracen's Head Inn, Paisley. • WALLACE, MUNRO -rmd CO, merchants, Gies-'the r wow, Jan. .10 and - 31, at eleven, at - vi,auluers 9; Forbes, Boddie, and 'ort, es , Glasgow. . MORNING SUN sed, the factory masters, P 1 , ..•..,.....y. un- 1