The Sun. — London, England, 1842-09-05 00:00:00

Ulu )ON AND BRIGHTON RAILWAY. :.EDUCTION OF na RES. First Class. Second Class. London to Godstone Road - 2s. Od. " Stoat's Nest il4 Merstham Reigate and Red Hill 5 0 3 6 By this Railway Passengers may be booked to and from the town,of Reigate by every Passenger Train, at the same Fares as to the Red Hill Station, on application at the Station Lon don Bridge, or at the White Hart Hotel, Reigate. By order, C. R. MACKENZIE, Sec. 10, Angel-court, Throgmorton-street, Sept. 1,1842. 111 HE GENERAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY'S splendid and powerful firg-class STEAM SHIPS are appointed to LEAVE for— HAMBURG and ROTTERDAM, carrying her Majesty's Mails—Every Wednesday and Saturday morning. HAVRE—Every Thursday, at Eight Morning. ANTWERP—From Brunswick-w h arf, Blackwall—Every Wednesday, at Twelve Noon ; Thursday, at One Afternoon; Sunday, at Two Afternoon. From London Bridge Wharf : OSTEND —Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday, and Sunday. BquLOGNE—Every Wednesday, Thursday, and Saturday. CALAIS—E% cry Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday, and Sunday HULL—Every Tuesday and Friday at Eight Morning. YARMOUTH—Every Saturday, at Six Evening. RAM SGATE—DaiIy, at Nine Morning. • NEW CA STL E— From Down's Wharf—Every Wednesday and Saturday Evening at Eight. S'UNDERLAND—Ever, Tuesday, at Seven Evening. EDINBURGH—From Brown's Wharf, Poplar—Every Sa turday, and alternate Wednesday Evening, at Ten. Sept. a, 7, 10, and 17. Between BRIGHTON and DIEPPE, leaving Brighton every Wednesday and Saturday. Dieppe, Monday and Thurs day._ BRIGHTON and HAVRE, leavinz Shoreham Harbour eve:; Tuesday and Friday. Havre, Thursday and Sunday. To s ecure Berths, and for the Campany's Monthly Bills, aPPIy at the Offices, 69, Lombard-street ; 37, Regent-circus ; end 35, Leadenhall- street. L--- ONDON FRIENDLY UNION NATIONAL INSTITUTION. Under the Patronage of The Right Hon. Lord LYNDHURST, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britsin. The Right Hon. Earl of LIVERPOOL, Lord Steward of the Household. The Ri g h t Hon. Sir ROBERT PEEL, Bart., M.P., First Lord of the Treasury. The Right Hon. Earl of ABERDEEN, Ilex Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. And upwards of 600 distinguished Noble Lords and Ladies. To give Employment to industrious Artisans, by a distribu tion of about 2,000/. worth of Cabinet Furniture ; and Scarfs, Handkerchief s , Durapes, and Pl a i n S at i ns, i n D resses o f 14 yard each, manufacturedby the Distressed Spitalfields' Weavers. Subscription Receipts, 2 3 . 6d. To be decided four times a-year,-viz., in March, June, Sep tember, and December. The next /Distribution will take place on THURSDAY, 15th September, 1842. The Society require no gift or donation for their support, but every subscription of 2s. 6d. entitles the subscriber to a chance of obtaining some article of their manufacture, varying u value from 10s. to 20/. The Funds are expended in giving employment to indus trious Artizans, and distributing the nrodue.e of their labour among the Subscribers, which, under the present great depres sion of trade, gives a stimulus to their industry. Notice.—A subscription of 10s. constitutes a Yearly Sub scriber, entitled to Four Chances, one each Quarter, and so on for every additional 108. subscribed, who, if he should not gain a Prize during the year, will be entitled to an article Of the Cabinet-makers' Society or Silk-weavers' manufacture, the value of which will depend on the amount he subscribes. All Lett ers f or S u b scription Receipts, enclosing the amount, will he answered by return of Post. Treasurer, W. Thurnell; Secretary, W. Crofton, 71, Leadenhall-street. Receipt s f or Subscriptions for this Quarter's Distribution to be had until Ten o'clock on Wednesday night, the 14th of Sep tember. —Society's Establishment, 71, Leadenhall-street. NATIONAL LOAN FUND ASSUR ANCE SOCIETY, R NTING LIF E ASSURANCE S DEFERRED ANNUITIES, &c, No. 26, CORNHILL. Capital £500,000. Empowered by Special Act of Parliament. DIRECTORS. T. LAMIE MURRAY, E., Chairman. J. Elli otson, AI. D. F. R. S. Joh q n Rawson, Esq. I John G r iffi t h F r i th, Esq. John Riddle Stodart, Esq. Hunter Gordon, Esq. I Clement Tabor, - Esq. Georg e L ung i ey, E sq. Joseph Thompson, Esq. AUDITORS. Professor Wheatstone, F.R. S. I Professor Graves,A.M.F.R.S. Awn/ART—W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F.R.A. S. PIIYSICIAN—J. Elliotton 9 Al. D., F. R. S. M SURGEON—E. S. Symes, Esq. SOLICITORS—essrs. Sweet, Sutton, Ewe vs, a nd Ommanney. B ANKERS—Messrs. Glyn, Halifax, Mills, and Co. The most rational motives to Life Assurance are found in the plan adopted by this Society ; viz. joined to a secure provision at death for inheritors of the Asszred, the Society affords succour to the Assured himself (proportioned to pre vious payments) is the event of unforeseen reverses. Annual Division of Profits. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Secretary. CHEAP CLOTHING AT SWAINE AND CO.'S, TAILORS, No. 92, FLEET-STREET. The Best Goods at tho Lowest possible Prices. .HOF ATENT LEVER WATCHES.—This cele brated construction (the most accurate on which a watch can be made) is now offered at the following prices, with the latest imprAvements, i. e. the detached eseapement, jewelled in tour holes, hand to mark the mends, and maintaining power to continue going while winding up. SILVER CASES. With double-bottomed cases, capped £6 6 0 With hunting cases, capped ... 6 16 6 GOLD CASES. Size for Ladi es , w i t h elegant gold dial £l2 12 0 Ditto, in double-backed cases 14 14 0 Size for Gentlemen, enamelled dial l3 13 0 Ditto, extra full size, capped l7 17 0 A pamphlet, containing observations respecting the various rcaastructions on which Watches are made, with the prices both gold and silver cases, and a variety of sketches of new de -B'Rus, which have just been completed in gold Chains, will be seent, gratis and postage free, on application by letter to T. from Savo Watchmaker, 47, Cornhill, London, seven doors tram Gracechurch-street. SILVER SUPERSEDED, and those corrosive and injurious metals called Nickel and German Silver s upplanted by the introduction of a new and perfectly matchless ALIATA PLATE. C. WATSON (late ALDERMAN) 41 and 42, Barbican, aided by a person of science in the =al gation of metals, has succeeded in bringing to public notice the nmst beautiful article ever yet offered : possessing all the rich ness of Silver in appearance—with its durability and hardness --with its perfect sweetness in use—undergoing, as it does, a them:cal process, by which all that is nauseous in mixedmetals is e ntirely extracted—resisfrig all acids, may be cleaned as Silver, boa r and d. is manufactured into every article for the Table and Side- oT,,a,rsheslererdStopioo.ns and Forks, s. d. Sauce Ladles ..... 1 9 16 6 Tea Spoons, per doz... 5 6 So , per doz l2 6 Gravy Spoons 3 6 up Ladles 6 6 •is C. Watson begs the Public will understand that this metal peculiarly his own and that Silver is not more different from than bis metal'is from all others ; the Public will there li?re have no difficulty in discovering the animus which directs n, virulent attacks made against him, by a party who is daliy suffering from the unparalleled success which has marked the Pro gress of in s New Plate since its introduction. C. W., u nlike this party, courts comparison, feeling confident that the result will establish its pre-eminence. 41 and 42, BARBICAN, and at 16 NORTON FOLGATE. s. d. P jfirlE PERFECT SUBSTITUTE for SILVER. b„ CATALOGUE, with ENGRAVINGS (Gratis), °STAGE FREE.—The celebrity •f the rich and silvery _lPearance and extreme durability of the material made ex tsively by ourselves, has induced many attempt s to f o ist Pen the public the notoriously deleterious German Silver Under the guises of " Albata Plate," " Berlin Silver," &c. Ik e.> against which we especially warn them. Aided by an einine n t c h emist, we have succeeded in purifying our material 3 0 that acids do not afiect it ; it is now so well known and a ppreciated th at i t i s universally superseding silver in all its ,s• Th e genu i ne meta l , w hi c h i s more durable than silver, ut only be had at our warehouses. It is the same through that and can be engraved and made in all the various articles are in silver, from which it can only be told by reference to the stamp. Fiddl e Threaded King's Pattern. Pattern. Pattern. ttralbizlee, p S e p r o d on oz s en and Forks, full 12s. Od. 28s. Od. 80s. Od. Te a ditto and ditto, ditto los. Od. 21s. Od. 255. Od. C 'it'y ditto and ditto ditto.-- ss. Od. lls. Od. 12s. Od. ' ll , l l' ditto 4s. Od. 63. Od. 7s. Od. k l 'IPPON and BURTON, 12, Wells.street, Oxford-street. stablished IMO.—Catalogues gratis. lI MENTAL or NERVOUS COMPLAINTS are the chief cause of human misery. All troubles are lig ht . n to men o f s t rong nerves . B u t disinclination from and ea Pacity for study, b us i ness , & c ., p a lpit a ti on of heart, low spirits, determination of blood to the head, vertigo, blushing, groundless fear, restlessness, wretchedness, sleeplessness,,delu 31°1'8, thoughts of self-destruction, insanity, &c., originate in weak nerves. A Clergyman having cured himself of a deep it;°",,ted n ervous complaint, of fourteen years' duration, and of patients in eight years knows not twenty uncured, from irovolence rather than gain, offers to cure all who apply to 411 . Clergymen, Members of Parliament, Barristers, O ffi cers the A rmy an d N avy, Merchants, Tradesmen, & c., have been cured, and all may be. Apply to, or address, post paid, Dr. Willis Moseley, 9, Char lotte- street, Bloomsbury. At home from Eleven to Three. By the same, just published by Simpkin and Marshall, and ~,4 11 Bo o k se ll ers, ELEVEN CH A P T ER S on N ERV O U S ‘ ,I3 :IIPL AIN s, ss. P „" This is th e b est book on nervous complaints we have."— rof e ssor S. Third Edition. pRAD,IPTON'S PILL OF HEALTH Th . Price Is. PM. per box co this excellent family PILL Is a Medicine of long tried efficacy* for excellent all Disorders of the Stomach and Bowels, the common !yfriptoms of which are Costiveness, Flatulency, Spasms, Loss of A ppe• te, Sick Headache Giddiness, Sense of Fullness after Meals, Diz. ty.:-.3s of the Ey es , 'Drowsiness, and Pains in the Stomach and. B9weis tNigestion, producing a Torpid State of the Liver, and a consequent ,pactivity of the Bowels, causing a disorganization of every function of the frame, will, in this most excellent preparation, by a little perse. ;':he P•anee, be effectually removed. Two or three doses will convince atHicted of its salutary effects. The stomach will speedily regain i t s stre ngt h ; a healthy action o f the l i ver, bowels, and kidneys will diced take place ; a nd i ns t ea d of listlessness, heat, p a i n , an d j aun . (need appearance, strength, activity, and renewed health, will be the quick result of taking this Medicine, according to the directions accom. ying each box; and ltaken after too free an indulgence at table, t hey quickly restore the system to its natural state of repose Persons of a FULL HABIT, who are subject to Headache, Giddi. tiess, Drowsiness, and Singing in the Ears, arising from too great a ,foxv of Blood to the Head, should never be without them, as many uangerous symptoms will be entirely earned off by their immediate use. F RS FEMALES, these Pills arc most truly excellent, removing all obstructions : the distressing Headache so very prevalent with the 08 • Depression of Spirits, Dullness of Sight, Nervous Affections, 10 eches, Pimples, and Sallowness of the Skin, and give a healthy and Juvenil e bloom to the complexion. s a pleasant, safe, easy Aperient, they unite the recomirenda6: lion of a mild operation with the most successful effect, and require no restraint ")f diet or confinement during their use ; and for EL. 13 E:ftLY PEOPLE th e y w ill b e found to be the most comfortable Medicine hitherto prepared. Sold by T. Prout, 229, Strand, London, Price Is. 114 d, and 2s. 9d. Per hex s and by the venders of Medicines generally throughout the ‘.Angdom. Ask fri r ERA MP"I ON'S PILL of HEALTH, and observe the ' , Arne and Address of "Thomas Prout, ZI9, Strand, London," on the Government Stamp E OS. ;heater. Blue Pita' EWAN 004 21r by Bridge 28, Dewsbury 41, DS 60. Arrival 'at Manchester. 8 30 fi 9 30 10 50 11 45 1 1H 5 0 6 35 8 45 10 0 II 30 M E 9 30 10 0 ;STE R. INS !ester. Nor. !sten Birmlni ham. 9 4 0 11 7 2 0 Arrive at NewPastle. 0 30Mornitig 1 0 Afton' 6 0 B 0 VS. 2 15 Aftera. 15 GO W. , id 11 M . , atv 5 30 E. 3S. 'ORTS. 3 " G 6 A 7 ; 7 14 • '2 1; 0 13 '2 3 g 0 13 8 6 0 0 15 1 4 0 0 1.26 00 0 14 2 3 0 10 0 0 13 0 7 0 3 15 0 08 4 0 $ 5 4 • 11 3 4 0 o 6 010 0 init.? are l e Sun-Of f will h,: ,I" DAY. LL. I , a fair be l e your of t 1 2s. 10 d A to 4e. 4-.' 3. The I r e but effected ' )er 120. n 2 to ~ . 10i.; 1 1 11. 83, was done eO.l Bid. e isiness doe wt. for aril' i'eA" . s. 39 33 36 ; 8 4 18 0 gg 31 50 3 91 3) ftl 13 41 39 yl 34 II SO si a g ood 5 1 1; rought Be is Ore. ,„,, [he wean ea t p roe° fin S Vii, iinc %n: 464. nu. 501. tine 03,. fine nne Ws. fine 1: 2.15. tine :L 2 . 3 i. fine —s. 1111e.,. 4 , 341. tine —s. fine 204. fine ow. finer., 184, fine iu" d. pet StOn: . per lAs o Ls. per Let t os. per Gl' 30 !Cc: t.. '0 ° 0 6 6 i ?, 7 . , a 0 Is. to AP , to 50 4 .8. to --$' .s to --" .3. to ,* ts. to —5. d. a. L 0 o tc 40 1 O e o ;Chits. ),. 5141 3.. 5,5 i . Yu. .4. ...I. -e. • F. •••••••• 4 r era. ••••••,. R o bert lir ichin, ° f s E'q" Of clv Ilr. S t i q ° e a. Place' -... of E%oter• ord rtoirer S tr 0 is Soaw • 9 • 164. ;'::::: ............ ~ .5 . 1- . . ---- , ---- '<--/--"*) k. . ."'...' - W•P''' , 'WA 2 ( 1fk.... ,N,,, , x. ~,. _..... „.... , (~,: ‘, ..„-v,---..-c770-1,- •k , '3;01.4-'4 :at \;4 1:4-.11111:(4 ~. . , ..".-.' (: 7 N'- ---"------""'''') Co . - >: 41 •1, •- 1 - I .--- - i is .„ 3,,... 1 ,.., 1 ,4 " ); ''. g" A 1 7 t_ r _, t` *; . o ----..... , • -... t -,... ' VA..7 , ~,,.. -,,,,;. *, , , , v,..** 1 - . ... . `<' ... , 4 .. , or.--,.. ;‘ ,.._ ,c;;.., ~. :.,:i/.. ... 4 .,„,, , ,,,,. . ~.... kl, 1 %3• - •?- 4. \ •,. ~ j il o• ti . - -35 4--- - -- - v---- - • -.- - , P Y 4----- , -t.04. V .... 0, 44 \......2 : ,,,._______ V , N, / ef t j,:c;w , ' ___-- --- -7 : 4$ ',' , l T... ‘,.,, ' 4 , - irL 4 5 41-1 0/V n''' #"....- - i''' Nt ' ' ' o, 1 DIFN '' l " - -I', t •ttii: ..:1- , 0 '.... , ~, , i m y.c. .12,, , ,,,,,,;:.„ 5t ' . 0 ,t, , , ,, , , -,,, 4,2,1. 2 ) , ~:, ---Z.; ip. .4 • ik, 0. 1 NAJ 6 ) ,- --------- -.7..e& / i, , . ~, ~, -f.."7- -13.7 No. 15.609 LONDON, MONDAY - kgm kr-41 k i4 7 3 ; e SEPTEMBER 5, 1842 PRICE sd. THE SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time for the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVERY; a SECOND EDITION (Evening Sun) is Published in Time for the AFTERNOON TRAINS and a THIRD EDITION a t SEVEN O'CLOCK, f or POST, containing PARLIAMENTARY and all other NEWS in LONDON up to that flour. ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, m orn i n g, Xoon, and Night thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATIO.N, at ONE CHARGE. OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION extended into Cavendish-square. Additions to the EN LARGED DISSOLVING VIEWS, one of which, the In terior of the CHAPEL of ST. HELENA in JERUSA LEM, taken from the work of D. Roberts, R. A. (published by Mr. Moon), rivals the much-admired picture of the Inte rior of the GREEK CHURCH.—Among other Novelties arc fine specimens of Fresco, in the Ancient and Modern styles, just executed by FREDERICK SANG, a German Artist. Among the varied LECTURES in PRACTICAL SCIENCE the CALOTYPE PROCESS of Mr. Fox Talbot is given at. Two o'clock daily, in which Pictures are spontaneously deve loped before the Visitors.—The ORRERY. DIVING BELL, DIVER, &c. &c.—The COSMORANIIC VIEWS are shown in the Evenings only.—Conductor of the Band, Mr. Wallis. • Admission, Is. THE CHINESE COLLECTION. ST. GEORGE'S-PLACE, HYDEPARK CORNER. This Splendid Collection, consisting of Objects Exclusively Chinese, surpassing in extent and grandeur any similar display in the known world, entirely filling the spacious saloon, 225 feet in length, by 50 feet in width ; embracing upwards of Fifty Figures as large as life, all fac-similes, in groups, in their native costumes, from the highest mandarin to the blind mendicant in his patched garment. Also, many thousand spe cimens, both in Natural History and Miscellaneous Curiosi ties, illustrating the appearance, manners, and customs of more than Three Hundred Million Chinese, respecting whom the Nations of Europe have had scarcely any opportunity of judg ing, IS NOW OPEN for Public Inspection from Ten in the Morning till Ten at Night. . . . . _ Admissio - n 2s. 6d.—Children Is. 'TO PERSONS VISITING BOULOGNE. 11PLOURY'S , COMMERCIAL HOTEL, 15, RUE NEUVE-CHAUSSEE, I3OULOGNE.SUR- 141 ER. The HOTEL FLOURY is situated in one of the best streets of this agreeable Watering-place, and is near the Theatre, Post-effice, the Paris Coach-offices, and the Pier. There is an excellent Table .d'Hote every day at a Quarter-past Five. A great var'ety of Wine 3 at moderate prices; and. the Bed- rooms and Sitting-rooms are uncommonly clean and convenient. Persons wishing to pass a few weeks at the Sea-side will find every convenience at this Hotel ; the expenses are even smaller than in private apartments, and only about one-half the amount charged at many fashionable watering-places. Good Stabling. *,* No Commissioner being employed on board the packets, travellers will find prices the more moderate. The recommen dations 'of Commissioners on board the steamers should be par ticularly guarded against. BULL AND MOUTH HOTEL, BRIGGATE, LEEDS. JOHN RUDDOCK, late of Wentbridge, an d fur many years of the White Swan Inn, in the City of York, begs most respectfully to inform the Nobility, Gentry, Com mercial Gentlemen, and the public generally, that he has en tered upon the above Hotel (lately occupied by Mrs. Monk man) which is now undergoing a complete renovation and im provement; and he assures those who may please to honour him with their support, that no exertions shall be wanting on his part to ensure the comfort of his visitors. Wines and Spirits of superior quality, The stabling and coach-houses are superior, and steady hostlers will be always on the premises. 1 ' An o r nibus attends the arrival and departure of eac Railway Train. THE BEST LIFE OF NAPOLEON. This day, in 4 vols. Bvo., handsomely bound` price 30s. (or in 25 parts, price Is. each), embellished with upwards of Twenty-four Portraits, Views, &c. B OURRIENNE'S celebrated MEMOIRS of the EMPEROR NAPOLEON. To which are now first added, a History of the Hundred Days, of the Battle of Waterloo, of Napoleon's Exile and Death at St. Helena. " Whoever wishes t o know, not merely the Ger.eral or the Emperor, but what the man really was, will find him well pictured in these Memoirs by the Private Secretary of Napo. Leon. "_Times. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. To be h;td also of all booksellers. EXTRAORDINARY TRIAL IN FRANCE. order to the town of Hamburgh, reminding them that the then Archbishop of Bremen had received from the Emperor (descending from Archbishop to Archbishop) an imperial grant, by' virtue of which he could levy a transit toll, and the town of Stade a market toll, upon all goods coming from the sea up the Elbe, and pass ing the river Schwinge, and that the Senate of Ham burg was particularly bound to observe the rules laid down about 150 years ago for the guidance of Ham burgh sailors. " The extraordinary exertions made by Sweden during the war, from 1618 to 1648, entitled her to claims of compensation ; she was to be rewarded by the acquisition of German provinces and considerable rights. In consequence of this, the article X, §7, 'of the Westphalian Peace, bestowed on the Crown of Sweden the hith er t o Archbishopric of Bremen as a lay duchy, 'cum omnibus pertinentiis ecclesiasticis et secularibus bonis et juribus terra marique.', By the article X, § 1, all tolls and duties which had hitherto been established contra jury privilegia, et sine con sensu Imperatoris' were abolished, and § 2 of the same article confirmed all tolls rightfully levied, as for instance the sea toll on the Elbe at Stade. " The confusion of the thirty years war had com pletely set aside the question of the toll. From the distance of Stockholm, the King being elsewhere oc cupied, and his advisers ignorant of the circumstances, a thousand mistakes occurred ; The Ministers hardly knew how to decide in cases that were reserved for the King's decision. Generally speaking, no answer was returned to the earnest entreaties of the then acting central Government in the Duchy of Bremen. It was principally owing to these embarrassments that in the diplomatic conference of the seventeenth century the right of toll was so hardly treated. On the 27th of June, 1653, the toll levied by Govern ment was separated from that levied by the town of Stade, and the levying the Royal toll was entrusted to the officers of the Royal domains at Brunshausen. Since that period it is known under the name used by the Hamburgh merchants—viz., The Toll of Brunshausen.' • About this time the Royal Govern ment at Stade determined to place an armed ship in the Elbe, which was ordered, on the Ist of June, 1672, to stop at the toll all Hamburgh ships, as the only means to compel them to fulfil their duty, gene rally neglected. "In the Conference which met soon after, in 1673, of Royal Commissioners and Hamburgh Deputies, the Government declared that the King of Sweden asked for nothing new, but only for that right of levying the toll which had bee n warran t e d by th e Westphalian peace ; that the imperial privilege of 1189 only spoke of freedom from duties, but by no means of allowing the Hamburgh ships to pass the toll without stopping in order to certify the personal quality of Hamburgh citizens. and that the merchandise belonged to them. The result of these Conferences, however, falling short of the expectations of the Senate of Hamburgh, the latter endeavoured to shift the provincial Govern ment, by sending to the King, at Stockholm, a depu tation furnished with all the necessary means, as well as with a strong letter of r ecommen d a ti on from the Duke of Holstein Gottorp. This embassy 'tried every thing at Stockholm, and presented to the King a me morial, in which the whole question of the toll duties was represented in a false light, " Without further investigating this important question, or hearing the Government at Stade, the Royal Government at Stockholm, thus influenced, declared, on the 26th of November, 1674, that, ac cording to their opinion, the Imperial privilege had no other meaning th an that which the Hamburgh mer chants chose to give it. This Royal resolution was, of course, in the highest degre e favou r abl e to Ham burgh. Nevertheless the inhabitants of this republic now made the most exorbitant demands, and rejected the favours just granted them at Stockholm. • " Sonic time later conferences were held again about these difficulties with Hamburgh in the town or Stade. The instructions of the Royal Commis sioners consisted simply of their examining into some complaints of the town of Hamburgh against the Custom-house officers, and also to state that no diffi culties were t o b e thrown in the way of the Royal Custom-house officers in Hamburgh in the perform ance of their duty. These instructions were far ex ceeded by the Royal Commissioners. One of them, during the conference, took the management of every thing into his own hands ; and the only Custom house officer at Brunshausen who was really ac quainted with the state of things, and who violently protested against the injustice of the Hamburgh claims, was silenced by him, and reminded that he was only called there to listen.' " The Hamburgh members of the conference now framed themselves a treaty; the treaty of 1691, so frequently quoted afterwards. The Royal Commis sioner mentioned above made only some slight altera tions, the treaty was hastily signed, and although containing matters of the greatest importance, it was presented to the King. with a very superficial notice of the transaction, and the remark that they did not conceive the Hamburgh claims very unreasonable,' and that it 'was sent over for his Majesty's gracious approbation. mitted that she had made a recent journey to Aix, in Savoy, and had left Marie Boudon there. The motive assigned for this act was the illness of her femme de chambre, but on this point the statement was regarded as very unsatisfactory by the Court, and this it did not fail to state to the witness in strong terms. Ma dame de Marcellange and her mother denied the ex istence of the differences between them and the de ceased, deposed to by several witnesses ; and also their having used expressions showing that they desired his death. They attempted also to establish an alibi in favour of Besson, by declaring that he was in their house, eating his supper at the time of the murder. Maclaine de Marcellange underwent a rigid examina tion by M. Bac, the counsel of the brother and sister of M. o de Marcellange, who had declared themselves parties civiles. He asked her to account for theinter est which she had evinced for the murderer of her hus band, by providing for his wants in prison; to which she replied that it was under a conviction of his innocence. He finally asked her, observing that it was a moat painful question to put, whether M. de Marcellange during his life had not frequently expressed his belief that his two Children had been poisoned. To this Madame de Marcellange said, " To such questions, Sir, no reply can be made." The evidence for the defence went chiefly to establish an alibi, and exposed a horrible extent of perjury on one side or the other. It was sworn that I3esson, at the time of the murder, was ill of the small-pox ' and incap 2ble from the state of his legs t o walk the distance that he must have walked to perpetrate the mur der. The evidence of two cures, who deposed for the defence, was regarded as so extraordinary that the President was compelled to express his regret at seeing men of their sacred character compro mise themselves, and one of them was contradicted by other witnesses on every important point of his declaration. Amongst other things he swore to having visited Besson in prison, and related facts tend ing to lead to a belief of his innocence. The keeper of the prison, being called, swore that no such visit was practicable, and that it had never taken place. On the fourth day of the trial the Avocat-General was called upon to make his requisitory, but the learned gentleman, overcome with emotion and fa tigue,fainted at the moment when he was about to ad dress the Court, and the proceedings were conse quently adjourned until the following day. On the re sumpiloa of the sittings (on the 26th inst.) the Avocat- General, who had recovered from his indisposition, ad dressed the Jury in a very long and able speech, re capitulating the facts of the case, and commenting with great severity on the conduct of the wife and mother in-law of the victim, both as regarded the expressions of hatred sworn to be used by them when speaking of him, and - the protection extended to the p r i soner. I n analysing, the evidence for and against Besson, the Avoeat-General brought forward all the points with great effect, and asserted that no doubt could exist in the minds of those who had heard it of the guilt of the accused. Alluding to an .attempt which had been made to attribute the prosecution, as far as the family of the deceased were concerned, to hatred of his wife and mother-in-law, the Avocat-,General said, they had but obeyed the injunctions of M. de Mar cellange, who, under the presei.timent of what was to happen, had said to them, " If I die a ssass i nate d , you will ave nge my d ea th." The Avoc a t-G enera l concluded w ith th e f o ll ow i n g words :—" A gr ea t crime has b een comm itt e d, a great crimi na l (I d o not say th e on ly cr i m in a l) is at your b ar . I n the name of society, Gentlemen of the Jury, I de mand all the sever it y o f your justice on the head of Jacques Besson."—M. Rouher, the counsel for the prisoner, re pli e d a t great l eng th, and w ith much ability, urging e ver y p oss ibl e argument in f avour of his client. After his address to the Jury, the Court adjourned until the next day.—On the 27th, the Pre sident s umme d up th e ev id en c e , and the Jury, h av i ng deliberated, returned a verdict of guilty, without exte nuating circumstances. The prisoner conseque n tl y received sentence of death.—During the early part of the trial Besson appeared to be almost indifferent to the proceedings. On the two last days, however, his courage was shaken, and he frequently manifested symptoms of alarm and despondency. When sen tence of death had been pronounced, he was so over powered that it was necessary to remove him from the Court. When he had recovered his senses, he ex claimed—" Judgment has been pronounced ; I must meet my fate." The Court of Assizes of the Puy-de-Dome, on Sa turday last, decided a case .of murder after a hearing of six days, during which the deepest interest pre vailed, not only in the Court, but also in the whole department. The person charged with the crime was Jaques Besson, a farm servant, 34 years of age, who had been discharged for misconduct by his victim, M. de Marcellange, a gentleman of property, living in a state of separation from his wife, the daughter of the Count de la Rochenegly de Chamblas. The sensation created by this trial was heightened by the almost admitted fact that the prosecutors, who were the nearest relations of the deceased, attri buted the murder to the instigations of his wife and of her mother, the COuntess de la Rochenegly, and by the circumstance of one of the witnesses, a man named Arzac, a farm servant of the deceased, having been tried for perjury in this cause, and sentenced to ten years' imprisonment, and exposure in the pillory. The prisoner Besson was arraigned in March last, but the trial, after a long hearing of witnesses, was ordered to stand over in consequence of the committal of Arzac .for perjury. On the former trial several witnesses, amongst whom were the uncle and aunt of Arzac, deposed that he had confessed to them his knowledge of the guilt of Besson, that he had .previously been offered a sum of 600 francs by him to poison M. de Marcellange, that a box of white powder had been found in his (Arzac's) possession, which he said was the poison that he had intended to put into his master's soup, and that, after the mur der of M. de Marcellange, he confessed to having been offered a recompense by the widow and mother in-law of the victim, on the condition of his denying on the trial all knowledge of the murder. Various facts and conversations were also sworn to, which established a presumption that he had been privy to the murder, and had even favoured the deed by pre venting the yard dogs belonging to M. de Marcel lange from barking at the approach of the assas sin. Arzac having on the trial in March denied all this, he was taken into custody, and was subsequently, as above stated, tried for and convicted of perjury. The circumstances of the murder, as stated in the act of accusation were as follow :—ln the year 1835, M.de Marcellange was married to Mademoiselle Theo dora de la Rochenegly de Chamblas. This union, founded on an equality of family, fortune, and edu cation, appeared to present all possible prospects of happiness, but the union was not long undisturbed. Scarcely had the father of Madame de Marcellange ceased to live, when his widow went to reside with the young couple, who had fixed themselves at Puy, and at once the harmony of this house was troubled. -The stepmother and the wife testified more than indifference and coolness to wards the unfortunate Marcellange. The exist ence of children imposed on them a certain reserve, but death soon broke through these last ties, for M. de Marcellange had the misfortune to lose his two chil dren in the same week. From that period grave dis putes arose in the family circle, and a fatal dis like sprang up between the husband and the wife. M. de Marcellange- complained bitterly of the in sulting contempt with which he was treated in his own house. He confided his daily grievances and annoyances to some of•his friends, and pointed out to his relations the painful influence exercised over Madame de Marcellange by Madame de Cham blas, her mother, and by the servant Jacques Besson and Jeanne Marie Boudon. Sinister thoughts and strange fears took possession of his mind. So strong were his impressions that one day, on his return from a journey, being seized with violent colic, he thought himself poisoned by some food placed before him in presence of his wife by the servants of the house, and he even thought his children had been poisoned by their mother. His family shared in his uneasiness and his sad presentiments. As he had been long ab sent without writing they became alarmed, and his brother wrote to Madame de Marcellange, that she should be held responsible for the disappearance of her husband. should he not be found. Thus their happiness had not only ceased, but it had become impossible for them to live together. A legal demand fur separation of property was made by Mme. de Marcellange, but, no j ust ground for it being assigned, it was refused. M. de Marcellange had quitted his house, and retired to the estate of Cham blas, situated at some distance from Puy, in the corn• mune of St. Etienne-Lardeyrol, where he lived in great retirement, engaged in agricultural pursuits, and breeding cattle. Weary of this kind of existence, and not any longer hoping for a reconciliation, which, although anxiously desired by him, was become more and more difficult, and terrified by seeret in formation which he had received, he was taking mea• sures to let his property at Chamblas, and return to his own country, near his father, and prepara tions were commenced for his reception at his domain of Brandons, near Moulins, when, on Sept. 1, 1840, at scarcely thirty-four years of age, he fell by the bullet of an assassin. About half-past eight in the evening, all the servants of Chamblas, without ex ception, were at supper in the kitchen, on the ground floor, and M. de Marcellange, according to his con stant custom, was seated at the corner of the chimney, chatting familiarly with them, his back being turned in an oblique position to the window, looking into the court, when suddenly a shot was heard, and he fell lifeless on the ground. His death was instanta neous, the ball having passed through the right lung and the heart. Search was made everywhere in the court and the neighbourhood of the ehateau, but in vain. The assassin had profited by the first movement of consternation, and had' succeeded in escaping. Nothing had announced his approach, and strange enough the dogs, though remarkable for their vigilance, had not given any alarm. This circumstance naturally excited a suspicion that either the murderer was not a stranger to the dogs, or that he must have been ac companied by some person who was well known to them. Suspicion fell immediately upon Besson. M. de Marcellange, who appears to have been a most amiable man—who, to use the words of one of the witnesses,was " aime comme le honDieu"—had no other avowed enemy than Besson. This man since his dismissal, which was caused by an impression on the mind of M. de Marcellange that he was a spy over his actions, paid by his wife, had been heard frequently to threaten his late master's life, and M. de Marcellange had told his friends and relations that he was in constant dread of assassination at Besson's hands; a belief which, considering the state of mind of that gen tleman, was increased by the fact that, on being discharged, Besson was taken into the service of Madame de Marcellange and her mother and treated with kindness and confidence, some said with an intimacy as regarded the former which was wholly inconsistent with her station in life. On the trial which has just taken place a host of witnesses deposed to the charges embodied in the act of accu tion ; some swore that Besson had threatened the life of his master—others that they had seen him armed with a gun about the time and near the scene of the murder. The evidence was indeed more circum ‘‘ It was soon afterwards discovered that in making this statement it had been kept a secret from the King that Hamburgh by this treaty had aimed at a change of their ancient obligation, and at a reduction of the duty. " This treaty was so ruinous to the royal privileges, that had it been put in force, the money levied would have been barely sufficient to pay the Custom-house officers, end to keep up the toll-ship. Posterity has judged of this act. " The possession of the Duchy of Bremen went from the Crown of Sweden to the King of Denmark, but this Government likewise refused to restore the rati fication of the treaty cancelled by Sweden. "From Denmark the possession of the Duchy came into the hands of the electorate of Brunswick Lune burg (Hanover) in the following way :—Duke Henry the Lion had already an expectancy on the country of Stade, which he had possessed for some time. Other princes of the house of Guelph have governed the country of Bremen in their capacity of Bishops. In the congress of the peace of Westphalia the house of Brunswick laid claim to the Arch upon as a sea- toll ; and this view of the case rests upon many precedents, the toll of Brunshausen hav ing been generally put aside in former transactions about the navigation of the river Elbe among the ad jacent States, particularly in that of the year 1699. " From Hanover's being raised to a sovereign state the Crown gained those rights which formerly be longed to the Emperor during the existence 'of the German empire with reference to the toll. There existed no treaty whatever that might have prevented the Hanoverian Government from altering the tariff of the toll at Brunshausen. This Government, how ever, voluntarily bound themselves at the Dresden conference not to change or increase the duties of that toll, without th e consen t of the States interested in it, , and particularly that of Hamburgh, provided a diffe rent way of packing up the goods might require a simple declaration of the existing principles. "In 1824 a new commission was named by the States bordering the river Elbe, to be held at Ham burgh. On the oc cas i on th e H.Loverian Plenipoten tiary made the following declaration : " ' That if the Dresden Commission had seriously insisted upon entering into the question of the Bruns hauseu toll, the Hanoverian Government never would have ratified an act which must be prejudicial to the essential rights of its sovereignty ; that the Hano verian Plenipotentiary was authorised, by a .Royal rescript, ta, declare solemnly and formally that the Brunshausen tariff, as it had been laid before the Comthissioners at Dresden, was certainly observed in all particulars ; that on the Hanoverian side the obli gations had been strictly fulfilled,• and that no devia tion with regard to raising the tariff, or in any other respect, had been or should be made from what was clearly laid down in the fifteenth article of the Dres den Act.' " It was further declared, on the part of the Hano verian Government, that they earnestly wished the toll tariff to be settled on principles in accordance with changes that had taken place in the course of time, and in conformity with the interests of all par ties concerned. " In the years 1825, 1826, and ] 827, Hanover had several negotiations with Denmark and Hamburgh, on the subject of the Brunshausen toll. On the 27t1?. of November, 1827, an agreement was come to between the Hanoverian and Hamburgh Plenipotentiaries, which, had it been executed, would have settled all former grievances, and would have introduced a clear and simple tariff upon moderate principles. The Hamburgh Plenipotentiaries took upon themselves, at the conclusion of this negotiation, to get it agreed to by the Senate, and subsequently expressed their hope that this would be the result. However, the Ham burgh Senate did not think it convenient to enter into their views, nor did it from that day to this make the slightest communication on the subject to the Ha noverian Government. " It was thus again the fault of llamburgh, that, instead of having long ago established a clear and simple tariff, the state of things has remained as it was before. " Hanover has even declared herself lately again willing to renew the negotiations, on the ground of the former agreement above mentioned." stantial than direct, and a great deal of it was of a hearsay character, which would not have been admitted in an English criminal court. Indeed, to such an ex tent was this carried, that one witnes3, a Mayor of a commune, having hesitated to declare that public ru mour accused the prisoner of the crime, was told by the President that he was bound to state all that had reached him in this way. The evidence, however, although circumstantial, was strong. Amongst the witnesses, called for the prosecution was Arzac, the man who had been convicted of perjury, his evidence being admissible in law although a convicted felon, as an appeal against the verdict was still pending. This man, notwithstanding the urgent exhortations of the Court, and an intimation that the confession of the truth would probably lead to a commutation of his sentence, persisted in his system of denial, even when confronted with the witnesses on whose evi- DUTCH. AND FLANDERS NIAIL, BRUSSELS. SEPT. I.—The average price of wiled in the week ending on the 27th of August, was 22,67 f., and that of rye, 12,99 f. The Minister of the Interior having received from the Court at London some copies of the new English tariff, has sent them to the Chamber of Commerce at Antwerp, Brussels, Ghent, Ostend, Liege, and Charteroy, for the use of the merchants of those cities. Yesterday his Majesty gave audience to Mr. Van de Weyer, Minister Plenipotentiary at London, and to M. Bronsmade, Consul in the Sandwich islands. M. Desprez, a coachmaker at Ghent, invented and built, so long ago as 1835, a carriage, the driver of which may, in a moment, un y o k e an d let loose horses when going at their utmost speed, and then direct the carriage at pleasure. The trials made of the carriage at the time were perfectly satisfactory, for the horses were let loose when at full gallop, and continued their course quite disengaged from the carriage. This invention, which might have pr even t e d th e accident by which the Duke of Orleans was killed, has now been brought' into use. The Duke of Saxe Coburg set out for Germany this morning. THE HELDER, AUG. 26.—The naval officers of the Jason, which, has just returned from St. Petersburgh, speak in high terms of the friendly reception which they met with in Russia. The festivities on occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the marriage of their, Imperial Majesties surpass all description. They wholly contradict the report published in some news papers of conspiracies of the Russian nobles. THE HAGUE, AUG. 31.—M. Thiers arrived here yesterday from Antwerp, and passed the day in visit ing our gallery of pictures and the Japanese collec tion. This morning at eight o'clock 111. Thiers set out for Amsterdam. The object of his journey is to view for the second time our collection of paintings, and to obtain a mose perfect acquaintance with our system of embanking and draining. • FRANKFORT, AUG. 30.—His Highness Prince Met tßrnich with his Consort, arrived here this afternoon at half-past two o'clock. His Highness will stop but a short time, and proceed to Johannigsberg. DUTCH .I! . UN M.— A msTERDA hi, SEPT. !4. Money. Bills. Actual Debt, 254 per Cent 52% 53 Jitto, ditto 5 per cent. A inbl Syndic,4% per cent 04% 4.11; Ditto, ditto, 3% percent 77y` :71t Cummercial Cosopany , 4% per cent 142% !42( Ditto (1835 and 1837) 5 per cept. Loan 1537, 5 per cent. t9% 10)5L Exchange on London, One month ..... Two months ..... 12 15 liamburgh, One month 35 81 3( Two months 35 ttl% Dutch Papers, Sept. 2, BELGIAN FUNDS.-13aussacs, SErr. 2 : Actual Debt, 234 per Cent, 52 54 Rothschild's Loan, Five per Cent lOO% Loan of Thirty Millions, Four per Cent ... 9l Three per Cent........... —Thirty-seven Milli. ns, ditto (1840) lOO% Loan of City, 1832, Four per Cent. 92 Society of Commerce, Four and a Half per Cent B6 Bank of Belgium, Five per Cent 74 National Society . Exchange on London (short) —Brussels Papers, Sept. 2. AuaiRIAN E U h OS.—VIENNA „ , Alta. 24.. Five per Cents. MetalliqUes,...„. ............. ..... 1(958 Four per Three per Cents. Bank Shares 4llgeese•••••••• 1837 meine Zeit:mg, • August 29. HAMBURGH BORSEN HALLE, Ave. 31, Austrian 5 per Cents. sank Share s 1652 1648 Anglo. Russian Lo an 1 titi WA( Russian 5 per Cent., Ist series, Certificate...— 103% 1055( Inscription, Ist series Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Co., 3d and 4th Series 94 97% Ditto in Certificates 9B 97% New 4 per Cent. (1840) 89% 89% Dutch Actual Debt, :2% per Cent ......... 51% 51% Ditto 5 per Cent —Ph Bonds — - New Tickets 163 Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent. Spanish, New 5 per Cents. lB EXCHANGES ON LONDON. bishopric of Bremen. It was, however, given to the crown of Sweden as a lay duchy. King Charles XII. of Sweden lost in 1709 by the battle of Pultawa all means of carrying on his projects, and turned for help to the Elector's court at Hanover. Here had the saving Elector hoarded a treasure which was kept in a cellar of the Royal castle, and according to official documents might have yielded an income of, on the average, a million dollars a year. From this treasure the Elector was enabled to make to the King of Sweden an advance for the Duchies of Bremen and Verden. Already in the year 1700 a considerable sum had been lent on the specially mortgaged place Wildeshausen. King Fred. IV. of Denmark now opposed the pretensions of the Elector to these countries, and about the same time occupied them, in the year 1712. To secure his rights, the Elector (George Louis) again sacrificed a capital. Sixty tons of gold were paid to Denmark, which, by the treaty of 11th July, 1717, transferred its doubt ful claims on the two Duchies to the Elector. Be sides this, 227,000 dollars were paid by Hanover to Denmark. By the peace of Stockholm, November 9 (20), 1719, the Elector acquired the stronger claims of Sweden to the Duchies of Bremen and Ver den, by paying to Queen Ulrica Eleonora (the suc cessor of Charles XII., killed at Friedrichshall, Dec. 11, 1718) 1,000,000 of dollars, giving up at the same time the mortgage money pledged on Wildes hausen. This sum was paid by Hanover in hard money at Hamburgh. By subsequent arrangements, however, other sums were added; so that the sum total may be reckoned at 2,500,000 dollars. " The Elector was successor to the rights of the Kings of Sweden and Denmark. Both Crowns had rejected the Stade treaty of 1691. How could, then, the Elector come to re-establish it ? " To the Hamburgh deputies who appeared in Ha nover on the 20th March, 1729, the Elector declared that he could on no account consider himself bound to acknowledge the treaty further than sanctioned by custom, and as it had been observed not only during the Swedish times, but up to this very moment. " In the act of the Vienna Congress of the 9th of June, 1815, in and from the articles 108 to 116, seve ral rules are laid down for commercial navigation and tolls, relating, however, only to interior trade and river navigation, and not to sea trade, sea navigation, and sea tolls. On the 3d of June, 1819, deputies of those States, either adjacent to, or separated by, the Elbe, met in Dresden to settle a general system of navigation and toll for that river, after having received the lead ing points from the act of the Congress. It was no difficultmatter for the Hanoverian Envoy to convince the commissaries of those States, having nothing to do with sea navigation, that the Brunshausen toll could not be a matter of discussion in thepresent conference, as this toll only concerns sea commerce and sea navi gation, as it allows all ships and goods coming down the Elbe and going to sea to pass free, as it is not by the place where a toll is levied, but only by the ships and merchandise it affects, that its nature and charac ter can be determined, as it has always been looked HAMBURGIT, AUG. 30. -13 9 Ywe months 13 7%. RIGA, AUG f. , 101. —Three Months, 38. STocituorair, AUG. Z.—Seventy-five days, 12 15. VIUNNA., AUG. 16.—Three months. 9. 41%. PRUSSIAN FUNDS.—BEeLIN, Avo. 27. Bills. Money St. Schuld Sch., 4 per cent. —.. 104 1 P 1P396 Prussian English 80nd0839, 4 per cent. I(3!% Ice% Exchange on Leadon Prussian State Gazette, Aug. 28. DELTAS AT THE MOUTHS OF RIVERS.—There is a river of first-rate magnitude whicn has no delta, though it seems to possess all those qualities whim are supposed to be requisite to the formation of such an alluvial tract; the St. Lawrence in North America, reaches the sea by a kind of bay, which extends upwards of three hundred miles, and gradually increases in width from three to above one hundred miles. One would suppose that the form of this bay would render it subject to be easily filled up by the earthy matter brought down by a river whose course exceeds eighteen hundred miles ; and yet we do not find that an alluvium of any extent has been formed along the banks of this wide estuary, except on the right bank below Quebec. The St. Lawrence is the only large river which traverses a great number of lakes. Even after having left the five great Canadian lakes, it passes through those of St. Francis, St. Louis , and St. Pet er ' s . In each of these lakes the current ceases, and it i s on l y perceptible where the river again issues from the lake. All the earthy matter, therefore, which the river col lects and keeps suspended in its course from one lake to the other is deposited in these lakes. Thus this large river brings no debris and earthy matter, or very to its wide estuary, which cannot therefore be cha n g ed into a delta by the accumulation of suc h matter.— Pe-nn Magazine. dence _he had been found guilty of perjury, and who appeared to be above suspicion. On the third day of the trial, a man named Bernard, who was sup posed to he in possession of the knowledge of important facts connected with the murder, not only denied all that he had said on the subject to others, but swore that they had held out hopes of reward to him if he would d , pose against the prisoner. The apparent falsehood of this man's evidence was demonstrated by that of several respectable persons, and he was cau tioned by the President against persisting in a course of perjury. He did persist, however, although con tradicted oil every point by the evidence, and the Court, after vainly exhorting him to speak the truth, ordered him to be committed on a charge of per jury, the Arapre3sion being that he was suborned: Marie Boudon, the femme de chambre of Madame de Marcellange, and who, according to the act of accu sation, could state appalling facts against the prisoner, and respecting the influence under which he had acted, was not to be found. o Madame de Marcellangs and her mother, the Countess, who were both com pelled to appear as witnesses, when asked whether they knew to what cause the absence of thi s per son was to be attributed, at first professed their ig norance ; but Madame de Mareellange at length ad fiOP INTELLIGENCE.--WORCESTER, SEPT. 2. ',Top-picking has partially begun in this plantation, and from the information we obtain, the quality will be ge nerally good. We hear of a little mould in some parts„ and that the hops tome down lighter than expectation therefore, it is supposed the duty is over-rated. We expect a few new pockets at mar, ,:ct to-morrow, but prices cannot be steady till a laror bulk is in the mar ket.— Worcester Herald. The following is said to be an improved method of killing fleas :—`• Place the animal on a smooth board, and pen him in with a circular hedge of shoemaker's wax, then, as soon as he bccomes quiet, commence reading to him the doings of Congress during the present session, and in -five minutes he will burst with indignation.— American Paper. ~_ SPOHR'S ABSENCE FROM THE NORWICH FESTIVAL. From Spohr the Norwich Committee received the most cordial assent to their request that he would again honour the Festival with his presence ; but at the same time he informed them, that, holding under the Elector of Hesse Cassel the office of Kapellmeister, his Sovereign's consent must also be obtained. To this petty Prince did the representative of the Queen of England apply for the required permission : the re quest was sent was sent from the British Government through the Ambassador at Frankfort ; and a rude refusal was returned ! The Duke of Cambridge (who is related to the Elector by marriage) was then in formed of the failure of the first application, and his good offices were solicited. His Royal Highness ac ceded to the request with prompt and hearty kind ness ; and from his cousin and former neighbour he received a similar refusal. By this Princely mouse, therefore, is the lion encased. On his motives it would be vain to speculate. German Princes are not bound to assign reasons, he they rulers over millions or hundreds. It was a chance of obtaining notoriety, and therefore, perhaps, not to be lost. Francis and Bean obtained notoriety by their attacks on Queen Victoria ; the Elector of Hesse Cassel, by having en deavoured to insult her representative and her uncle. No doubt, he would have laid an embargo on the Oratorio if he had been aware in time. This, how ever, is beyond his reach. Perhaps this was the sore place. Irritated at the thought of having such a work of his Kapellmeister produced in England, and pro voked that the spirit of Spohr should have escaped thither, the Elector might valiantly resolve to im prison his body. But speculation is useless : the acts of mighty Potentates are, and to inferior mortals ought to be, inscrutable !—Spectator. [This seems a very serious affair, and if our troops were not pretty well employed abroad and at home it might be thought advisable to demand satisfaction by sending an army to Cassel. Queen Victoria and her uncle have both been insulted, and lesser indigni ties have before now involved nations i n war. O ur Contemporary's style, it will be seen, is admirably adapted to the great event he narrates, and it is quite a touch of the sublime to compare the uncivil Elector of Hesse to Beau and Francis. One lesson. however, our Contemporary neglects to draw from this occur rence, the propriety of men of talentsnot making them selves dependent on Sovereigns. They should not give up to Kings what was meant for mankind. Did lqr. Spohr, like an author, rely on the great public, instead of wearing the livery of an Elector, he would not be confined to that Elector's palace, like a menial. If men of talents, who are capable of commanding the homage and admiration of the world, will degrade themselves by a craving after patronage and pensions, they must not find fault with the rudeness of the un civil boobies in whose power they place theniselves. ED. Sun]. POSTPONEMENT OF THE OPEN ING OF COVENT-GARDEN THEATRE. ILLNESS OF MISS ADELAIDE KEMBLE. Covent-garden Theatre was to have been opened for the season on Saturday evening with the opera of Norma, and a new two act comedy from the pert of Douglas Jerrold, entitled Gertrude's Cherries. The opening of the theatre has, however, been post poned until Saturday next, in consequence of the ill ness of Miss Adelaide Kemble. A placard, of which the following is a copy, was posted on the doors of the theatre on Saturday evening :-- " Theatre Royal, Covent-garden, 3 o'clock, Saturday, Sept. 3, 1842. " It is, with infinite regret the public is respectfully infornied that, in consequence of the increased indisposi tion of Miss Adelaide Kernble, she having experienced a severe relapse within the last few hours, the opening of the theatre is unavoidably delayed until Saturday next, September 10, when the same performances will be given that were announced for this evening." In consequence of the lateness of the hour at which this announcement was made, the greater number of those who; had intended being. present at the opening of the theatre, were unaware of this postpo nemen t. From six until long after seven o'clock parties con tinued to arrive at the theatredoors, and great was the disappointment and deep the regret with which they learned the opening of the theatre was delayed in con sequence of the severe illness of England's prima donna ROYAL SURREY TH4ATRE, TWelcome Home, a trifle in one act, by T. E. Wilks, Esq., was introduced for the first time, on Saturday evening last. The materiel of the story is very slight, and the plot itself not very novel, yet, as a whole, it is smartly ►written, and we have no doubt will be very successful. The evening concluded with the amusing extravaganza of Bathing, where Mr. G. Wild and Mr. Dixie, in the characters of Charley Finch and Johnny Stokes, kept the audience in great good humour. We observe that a succession of new tragedies and dramatic performances are to be intro duced at short intervals. The first, entitled Ben Nazir, will be produced this evening, the principal character by Mr. Butler. THE FIRE AT HA:min:incr.—The subscriptions re ceived by the Committee at Hambnrgh from all coun tries up to the 15th of July amounted to 3,630,000 marks banco, equal to about 265,890 L The account of the fire reached London on the afternoon of Tuesday, the 10th May, and on that day Mr. Herman Sinai', a Hamburg merchant, originated a subscription for the sufferers, arid so promptly were these acts of benevolence afforded, that Mr. Sillem was enabled on the Friday following, by the first packet which sailed for Hamburg, after the day on which the news arrived, to make a remittance of 10,4001., and by the next packet which sailed on the Tuesday fol lowing, one week after the disaster was known, to make another remittance of 10,000/. The subscriptions which have passed through the bands of the Committee have reached 27,567/. 19s. 7d., besides contributions made in different parts of the country, and remitted direct, amounting. according to the lists published at Hamburg, to about 13,400/. ; consequently the whOle sum raised in Great Britain has been about 41,0001., independent of clothing and other articles sent by Government and be nevolent individuals. STATE OF THE DISTRICT.—The general. turn-out ; of the working population of the manufacturing district, which took place rather more than three weeks ago, has now been brought within rather narrow limits. In all parts of Yorkshire, at Carlisle, and the whale of that part of Lancashire which lies to the northward of Man chester (with the exception of two or three mills at Bury), we believe the working population have returned to their labour, on the terms subsisting before they turned out. In Manchester all have resumed, with the excep tion of the power-loom weavers, and a part of the dyers. To the southward and eastward of Man chester, however, the case is different. At Ashton, Stalybridge, Mottram, Glossop, Hyde, and Stockport, the mills, with one or two trifling exceptions, are all standing ; and the great majority of the work-people have not manifested the slightest inclination to resume their employment, except on terms which are not only inadmissible, but utterly absurd, seeing that their em ployers must compete in the market with those who are paying the present rate of wages. How long the work men may be able to keep up this absurd and perfectly hopeless struggle, it is difficult to say ; but, from all we are able to learn, we imagine that their resources are pretty nearly exhausted.—ltfanchester Guardian. EXCISE CoußT.—On Saturday informations were laid before the Commissioners against Mr. George Swin burn, Falcon-square, and Mr. Samuel Mullins, Iron nionger-lane, Cheapside, lodging-housekeepers, for selling wines and spirits without a license. Mr. Platt appeared on behalf of the Crown, and the defendants were sup ported by Mr. Bodkin and another Learned Counsel. In such cases as the present, the difficulty of obtaining evidence is great ; therefore the officer (Mr. Ray) hid to resort to the stratagem of taking lodgings in the houses of the defendants, and by those means he saw what was going on, and was one amongst the many to partake of the excise and other luxuries. The defend ants were ordered to pay 501. each. IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN MEDICINE.—The last number of our medical contemporary, the Dublin Medi cal Press , c ontains an interesting paper by D r. P aterson, of Rathkeale, on the discolouration of the skin from the internal use of nitrate of silver, and on the means of preventing and of removing that effect. It is well known that the nitrate of sillier possesses great efficacy in the treatment of certain forms of epilepsy, and painful complaints of the stomach ; ,but, from long use, it is li able to render the skin almost as black as that of the negre—an effect which continues for life, and for which there was no known means of prevention or cure. Con sequently, it frequently occurred that a patient treated with nitrate of silver got rid of his disease at the ex pense of his beauty ; and hence medical men have been p . revented from employing this active remedy as exten sively as they otherwise would. Dr. Paterson, by nu merous and satisfactory expo riments, has succeeded in discovering that combining iodine with the silver prevents the discolouration without impairing the medicinal powers of that metal ; and the iodine will remove the discolouration which has been already produced. This, we believe is a matter of great importance to patients la bouring under painful or spasmodic diseases. The Marseilles journals contain an account of a terrific thunderstorm in that town on the 24th ultimo. During the day the heat had been tamest suffocating, and as soon as the sun had gone down the storm com menced. The lightning was so vivid and constant in all points of tke horizon, that ohiects could be per ceived at an immense distance as clearly as in the middle of the day. Several buildings were, it is said, struck by the electric fluid, but it does not appear s that any set*ous damage was occasioned. The thunder was so loud as to astonish and alarm the inhabitants, many of whom shrieked with affright,and the audience at the theatre were filled with dismay. On the following morning, a singular effect of the storm was witnessed at a country seat in the environs. From two magnificent plane trees a colony of sparrows we! e, sayz the Semaphore, struck with light ning, and fell to the number of nearly two thousand dead on the ground, where they were picked up by a peasant, who sold them at Marseilles at the rate of three francs a hundred. The Sud says the number exceeded 2,000 ; but states that they were still living, but so embarrassed by rain and mud that they were unable to fly, and were therefore easily taken by the hand. PONVEY, CORNWALL.—On Saturday afternoon this neighbourhood was visited by a severe thunder storm. At East Crinnis, near Par, a party of girls, who were out picking blackberries, ran into an old engine house for shelter.; they had not been long there before two of them • wet e killed, and four slightly injured. ee THE WINE TRADE. The total quantity of wines on which duty has been paid for home consumption, in the port of Lon don, from the commencement of the present year, 1842, up to Thursday last, according to the official re= turns made up to that date, and to which period the latest report is made out, is as follows, namely : Cape—Hitherto this year 106,035 gallons, against 119,910 gallons which were cleared for home con sumption during the corresponding portion of the last year, 1841, show::ng a decrease in the quantity taken into use up to the present time this year, as compared with the same date in the last year, of 13,875 gallons. Claret, Champagne, Burgundy, and all other French wines, collectively--hitherto this year, there has been duty paid upon 188,896 gallons against 180,642 gal lons, which were cleared for home consumption du ring the similar period in the last year, 1841, show ing, contrary to every other description of wines, with the sole exception of Rhenish wines, an increase in quantity used this year, as compared with the same date in the last ye ar, to the extent of 8,254 gallons. Madeira—Up to the present time this year, duty has been paid upon 36,859 gallons, against 55,736 gallons which werre cleared for home consumption within the parallel portion of the last year, 1841, showing a decrease in the quantity taken into use hitherto this year, as compared with the same time in the last year, of 18,872 gallons. Port—Hitherto this:year there has been duty paid for home consumption upon 486,716 gallons, against 811,376 gallons, which were cleared for home use within the corresponding portion of the last year, 1841, showing a falling off, or decrease, in the quan tity taken into use this year up to the present time, as compared with the same date in the last year, to the extent of 324,660 gallons, being at the rate of a minute fraction snore than forty per cent. Hock, and all other Rhenish wines.—Hitherto this year duty has been paid upon 28,606 gallons, against 28,456 gallons which were cleared for home consump tion during the similar period in Ithelast year, 1841, showing a trifling increase in the quantity taken into use up to the present time this year, as compared with the same date last year, of 150 gallons. Sherry, and all other Spanish wines, of whatever denomination.—Up to Thursday last, there has been duty paid upon 955,576 gallons, against 1,019,607, which were cleared for home consumption within the corresponding portion of the last year, 1841 ; show ing a decrease in the quantity taken into use hitherto this year, as compared with the same date in the last year, to the extent of 64,036 gallons. Wines of all other descriptions, of whatever growth or produce, not otherwise enumerated nor particu larised, nor included in any of the above classes, there has been duty paid hitherto for home consump tion upon 142,639 gallons, against 155,417 gallons which were cleared for home consumption during the corresponding period in the last year, 1841, show ing a decrease in the quantity taken into use up to the present time this year, as compared with the same date in the last year, of 12,778 gallons. Total aggregate decrease in the quantity of Gals. wines on which duty has been paid in the Port of London for home consumption, from the commencement of the current year, 1842, up to Thursday last, as com pared with the corresponding time in the • last year, 1841 . Deduct increase as above on French and Rhenish wines 8,404 Total actual decrease It may be observed that the above very remark able decrease in the comparative consumption of wines occurs almost, if not indeed quite, exclusively in those wines which are in most general consump tion, whereas the only increase is in such wines as are consumed, with scarcely an exception, by the more wealthy classes of society. The immense de crease in port wine may be partly, but only in part, accounted for by the present uncertainty as regards the proposed alteration in the duties on importation ; but the same argument does not apply to sherry and Spanish wines generally, which have fallen off by , up wards of 64,000 gallons; nor to Colonial or Cape wines, which have decreased by upwards of eight and three fifths per cent. ST. Mantires CHURCH.—The workmen employed in taking down the steeple of St. Martin's Church have accomplished their labours, and began on Saturday to enter on the reconstruction: of it. About forty-five feet have been removed, at which point the electric fluid was found to have passed off. The stones of the steeple were dis covered to have been in a very shattered state. One which had been removed from its position was about two feet six inches long, rind projected the whole length, with the exception of about an inch and a half, and if that had fallen out several otters would have followed. Several of the stones will b 3 rechiselled and again put up, but the greater portion 'will consist of new Portland stone. They will be joined, together by strong cement instead of mortar, with which the steeple was formerly con structed, and slate (howls will be used instead of cramps. It is expected that the steeple will be rebuilt in the course of six weeks. Since the gilt ball and vane were removed they have been measured, when it was fouud that the latter was 8 feet four inches long, and the ball about three feet in di,smeter. The bar of iron, is nearly 20 feet long, and weigNs 11 cwt. The stones that formed the late steeple, though they have been there 130 years, with the exception of th eir external surfaces, are but little damaged by the hand of time. As they are taken down they are , placed together as they were situated in their separate courses in the s;.eeple, so that comparatively but little wouble will be had in the re-erection of the steeple. The height of the scaf fbld from i the clock s about 220 feet. The same tradesman, Mr. Hemmings, who was appointed by the Sun Fire Office to repair Brixton Church, after it was da =Fred by lightning, is employed in the reconstruction of the steeple. THE STADE DUTIES• - - - Thy following document, drawn up by an able Ger man diplomatist, and intended to defend the claims of the King of Ha nover t o t h e r i ght o f exac ti ng " t h e Stade Duties," has reached our h an d s . " It is at a place c a ll e d B runs h ausen , near Stade, in the duchy of Bremen, where the' offices for the toll are established. " The duchy of Bremen was formerly an Arch bishopric, which had been erected in the year 787, by the Emperor Charles the Great. Already at that period Stade belonged to the Bishopric of Bremen. Even in the heathen times this place of ancient origin, affording the greatest convenience for crossing the river Elbe, had been considered as a remarkably fit spot for settling at, in preference to the other locali ties, and in particular to that of Hamburgh. " It was Charles the Great who first established ship-passage duties (tolls) at the mouth of the Elbe', and the then frequented harbour of Stade could not be overlooked by the Emperor for that purpose. " The laws ofiFranconia, and the capitularia of the German kings and emperors, contain several regula tions respecting these ship-d u ti es, as, according to th e c onstitution of the empire, d u ti es o f this kind belong to the imperial privilege. " The Emperor Louis the Pious gave the river duties in particular to the churches. The Archbishop of Bremen obtained the Stade duties-for his church, and it can be proved, by an official document, that these duties were considered as a sea-duty for all ships and merchandise passing up the river from the sea to wards Hamburgh, and that thi3 was the only toll that existed between the sea and Hamburgh. " The town of Hamburgh, the most violent oppo nent to the Stade duties, has herself afforded since the twelfth century the most striking proof of the legality of the said duties, by her constant claim of the privilege of the Emperor Friedrich 1., dated 7th May, 1188. This privilege was obtained by the Count Adolphus of Schaumburg, at that time pos sessor of the town of Hamburgh, for the benefit of the citizens of the old town of Hamburgh. It con tained the Emperor's permission and acknowledgment of the right to levy dutias a t S ta d e, an d particularly the confirmation of the right to levy toll on all ships and goods coming from the sea, and passing the town of Stade. " The act mentions, however, that the Schaumburg burghers of the town of Hamburgh were to be exempt from paying this toll. This exemption the Emperor Friedrich I. had, in fact, no right to bestow, as he had not asked the proprieto r of the toll for his sanction, and as the laws of the empire in terdicted the Emperor from granting exemptions from tolls. Besides which the Stade in the year 1189 was Church property, and by the Ronian civil and canon law alienation of church property was strictly pro hibited. Although the Hamburgh citizens employed all means to colour the privilege of 1189 thus obtained by illegality, they never have been able to produce a Papal brief in their favour. The Archbishops even defended with arms the attack upon Ch urc h r i g h ts , and obliged b y subsequently they were only force to yield the freedom from paying toll pret en d e d to b y t h e Hamburgh burghers. From time i mmemor i a l , how ever, might has never been considered right. " In the palmy days of the Hanseatic league, the town of Hamburgh also attacked the rights of the Archbishop's toll; so daring Was th e league at the time of its highest prosperity. It even went so far as to oblige the Kings of Denmark to allow Hanseatic ships to pass free at his ancient toll of Oresund. Plenty of writers have tried to prove that these pro ceedings of the Hanseatic league were for the benefit of Germany and of the whole civilised world, for getting the rights that were disregarded and trampled in the dust by the overbearing insolence of the league. They disregarded the Papal threats of assisting and protecting the Church's rights, and, in a word, set at naught the Emperor's authority and th e laws of the empire. Where a toll was i nconvenient, they em f the law s o f the empire, the ployed force. In spite o town of Hamburgh of its own will levied tell in their harbour in the year 1422, at t 4 very time they re.• fused to allow the Archbishop to levy toll at Stade. It was from this time that the disputes rose with Hamburgh a bout levying the toll at Stade. In the m iddle of the si x t eenth century these encroachments assumed a very grave cha racter. On that account the powerful Emperor Charles V., by an Imperial edict given at Brussels on the Bth April, 1556, authorised the Bishops of Osna bruck and the Duke of Brunswick (Ernest) to sum mon the Senate of Hamburgh before them, and call them to an a ccoun t. Already, in th e year 1563, the disobedient town was again avoiding, and assisting others to avoid, paying the duties of the Archbishop. But Emperor Rudolph issued; in the year 1576, a strict 8 15 0 8 1 4 2 47 52'2 9 1 0 40 3 3 6 6 4 6 9 4 5 11 3 0 9 0 EA. count d to latest "0 8 0 0 0 0 10 0 0