The Sun. — London, England, 1855-01-30 00:00:00

1 111 P / T 1 4131 ERT gurriTs MOW BLANC 4141:,,;i:"; -- . tt i e'e'ece aud r.very '-; e n t . CL , t eviir , #,Y). , 4 , n , _r, ;I. Tuesday, TlituidaY, to i tlee e e Area, ''' ; G ellerY, 14. The Moraine lte i dres:e , Otatiens and Saturday, "44, Pi ccadilly, at 3 o clack.- 4 tOl4O p ,CrY.—KING'S COLLEGE, 'itietem.-i;,°,'eslier TENN-ANT 1' G s will commence a COUeSE London. t.,NING" -- TullEi on D BACAIIPTIVE GEOLOGY, on FRIDAY 'vloe f ,,,',l l l an• 26,. at Niue - o'clock. The Lectures will be con '.' ElleeCedin7 Wedneeday and Friday. at the seine hour. R. W. JELF, D.D., Principal. 1 :1 10 1'11)°X AND NORTH-WESTERN tti,2INRIi!AILAWAY--NOTICE for FEBRUARY. . ,-44. Tel,., el e-4: - S TRAIN leaving London at 7 a.m, will leave a wered by the use Passengers to Edinburgh and Glasgow wll be kra. ' 'us train leaving London at 6.15 a.m. instead c a By Order. Gee i . ailt MARK RUNH. k9 4na3er's ° aloe, Ettstar.-station, Jan., 1355. It tA tp , I,!IIEse--N.; ii.vYESTERN RAILWAY. — r the 1,, p , 'MIT MAIL TRAINS DISCONTINUED.- On 4 04 0 - ,,Utl, eel:` r uarY, in consequence of orders from tbe P b et‘ en a,: 440 Brian; P"senfiers nor parcels can be conveyed - elet, t , r , or the West of England; or between London lei k f, otr fti .. 4 ; ll South Wales, by the night mail trains. In which ? beih e hivrill leave Paddington at eight o'clock P.m:4 wu , n ethi4ler, ,:parture for all places in the West of England. ti a. 1, 1 e'clo ek °Le4 Parcels will be conveyed by the same re t I ,,,kile ad. to Oxford, Birmingham, Shrewsbury, Chester, and .11 .1,j e ;!,will k .)41,. - totee s ,...lin rimrain during the night, leaving Bristol at f 'c11.% ~,,`.. g 1 I .in -.,,, and Cheater at 8. , 0, for the conveyance o ? -"Parcels to 1 ondou.-By order or the Beard. 411 4ton, AtiarY 26 CR • 55 RLES A. SAUNDERS, Secretary. - 18. id A Is - z NOTICE OF DITIDEND. 1c) 14 ' 13 DEPOSIT, I "' N., 0-1 4 ASSITRINCB AND INVESTMENT Aiiio - le, -Ire g .., ' I L L te of , . 1 111, , ,,, • * reLL-meLL EAST. LONDOI. '''', 41 l '' , Ch . % ( g for the RA LF-YEAR LT INTEREST, at the . ore it for ,Pe . r annum, on Deposit Accounts to 31st Decem ,1.1 t , eelivery and payable daily. feerf tieeet,n . PETER MORRISON Managing Director. -`reePef:4 Ban k of 1 1l I nvesting Money are requested to examiae the "sett fr .. '''' Deposit. Prospectuses and Forms for Opening 114 L '4 on application. • • IP ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 114 4 cor i t ,, London. l'el ei -PIT INCREASED FEOM ONE-RA.7.F TO ef feetea FOUR -FIFTHS. Nitirpriis-- With.this Society now will PARTMIPATE IN I^,,„kee et ,,,. ; the Net Profits of the Society, according to the tle lowrree:nemed in the Filociety's Prospectus. eg.er th,-", !n equired by this Society for insuring Young rte•' proie„, tretTlY other old-established offices, and Insurers le N t k o th e 'ee from all riak by an ample guarlnte m. . , _ _ ~,,, 6 : , : t m i d , 0 lit;r:eavedeot Lives P,,, Lecarnulated funds derived from u`s le le. k l i, 14,10?ectesepPald br the Office. . ... , ,‘ 4 or,.TaY be obtained at the Office In Threadneedle-s - et) o_f the Agents of the Society. eIIARLES HENRY LIDDERDALE, Actuary. k tt Ept irt ,, I h,,_ °ll CATERERS for PUBLIC ENTERTAIN ard scale, and PRIVATE PURCHA,ERS. fi c ' f lre; r t °4 4hu sb al IiLLOCK, are directed by Messrs. p L ttr I, Ito „ s ,E s tnci to SELL by Auction, without reserve, at TEp It High Holborn, on WEDNESDAY `beat, at to lt ml OR N . Y, the alegant •;ERVIC:ES of CHINA, GL.ASS, _t xs !et • A MEN TAL ITEMS, manufactured expressly for P u rveyors B,; to the refrdeishmerendte:eerrarftmameintteian and 1414 'h i ' for 4 1. ee fr°1112 to 60 Pe e rs m o g ns ; larg ' e size Sheffield plated et r,,, a ,,_, and chocolate pots, sugar basins, cream ewers, S iti r t4t 4 4 ql coZrrs,s..lvers, esergnes, candelabra, hot water and 1, 1111,2 and 1 1°,._, ryes dishes and warners, plates, tankards iNl44,:_r v anes frames, sauceboats, &c. ; also, the orusoulu ttst at ," l clay h ', 4 'ld gilt sideboard, and table ornaments. May l atalogues may be had on applbnition, or 11"I 0 14 k , te ............••••••••••••••••••••• ktts, A, 4 19 11'' An3 nd OPTICAL, and PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRU somiertY of the late firm of Messrs. WILLIAM l 1 - ' ) II.S . ',T r " , High Holborn, retired from business. tit , t -L/1-) LLOCIi will SELL by Auction, , eb 1 , Q r a r . vt;', i lQati e ' th e _ Rooms, 211, High Holborn, on WEDNES ttetr ttild 4 `..1112ta)143 remaining STOCK, comprising a 4-feet I'kere4l43l:""°retrel°' a 3-fset, and a 4-feet refl. c ing telescopes, k i rose epe ,, cal and navy telescopes. lucerne and gown -144" b " 1 420 ) .1 -Ir PutaPs, a nine-j fr battery, galvanic troughs, it,etr:44,terP.e3, mirrors , sets of magic lantern slides pa rated tif, r 7 ll ll.4 , ller h e :: Pebbles, four tine lenses, 12 to 15 inches dia vls,j'vasa,rs• Catalogues will be reads six ckys prior, w° days t? ' e l l r ecelpt of postage stamps, and the effects will rorelhe sale. k t 13t4t Iltikeetit gof e ASSOC fr te '5 11 N . Of th th atm., ° Nopo t. ....—e th TRADE of the POR IATIO o N f LONDON c h t6 44 ry, Is held at the , hlp Tavern, Xater-lane, 41 " e, "* WILLIAM JOll N HALL, Esq., in the tr, i tat it' w a s 'Prod Or a Pis te was - "rick Besley, Esq., seconded by Charles at , 'vor T, 4 1in lie„.7llp or :earp es l i n'tlaly resolved,— to, arid has been from time immemorial, a gu l' 4 '"ad P s ,,ged th roug h a ll par t s o f whlck s tlmpublic 0 ,,,J aof xe,atu,,e" un restricted saccess. That, by the acts of dh i Port' altte`,!iceoegineekt acts of the. East and West Isdla,•Lon eo,,°4l jraA tOat q e ,cnk Companies, the docks, wharves, and ke n Purp ose ' It le aq i "ared to constitute part of the said free au' lets 3 iff (4 0 , 1 ' 4 011 4 O t 4 f otigtia ls'Mei. et to all the burdens, restrict, and con. vol . , and are to be held as to ions all intents k o 4 re eo ,. th e - the river frontage. That, by the ex -45," oth er " ei;r6h s "itto:' lll acts of incorporation and subsequent C r oth e raft p 0t :i. 1 1 4 ," the right of the public to unrestricted du es; an d -r 1,4 ti,'„ r tas was enacted, exempting all lighters ac.: 4B or o lenjoy.,;" the ers ' docks of the said companies from dock ber o ,"Y ye a - :Ut Of itUllUnity have been in the suave Parii;:* Th a tit express right of exemption for up i,‘"Oeo-a° to ci„ - ,Tefit, i t the bills of the said dook companies aOatth7tOd rbr,re the `a Proposed to repeal these exempting "ee '4 „tioe - t e l l Uoetr o " 4 l Mommity of their express, prescriptive, to til h e , s e bills, in ' d ° u.,_" l 3r pledges itself to offer every possible Alt.. - ",_ l th,, - „.. e l lt talo tn e - Z.,,7" , _ confederacy on the part of the dock th e - ttiet c ; - PaTrilege.'t with the Public, on the faith of /lisnlof; a Stirlen,' co ve e conceded to them, and hereby re- Ving ..c)n of joh fo that n ose k t b e °". xsq., 1; 1 r a - -a37 -N ichol:on E p se rp secOnded by Tho , C a to W a - 41nePS committee, consisting' of Mess's. ek ernith air, J Hail, Pillow, Ceiling, Curtis, 4 h:441 aa ~ A ' l. to eeae irright - Cu r . and Hartley, with power to add to , Ij oh the foregoing resolutions into t Erect. 1 1 1 ; 1 ,the, -• Zsq., w.. unanimously elected Treaserar to the ,r, t io% f4, 4ll th„' l4 eq s', °l lllr.Besley, seconded by Mr. Barber, — , 11 h 'ith was unanimously elected Secretary. t /I "2th e vett . 4 . 4t Nacolson it was ordered that the proceed .l,,soltpo:ioti.h 4 i' ,• 4 t "v l‘tr ••Besley, seconded by Mr. Xichelson , it WAS la t*s , toiA 4 (4. the meeting be given to W. J. Dail, Esq., -.Anions 1 lA, - .Anio ns ,lti):ersltl44l,.es:tirlieebt,', W. J. HALL, Chairman. SIDNEY SMITH, Secretary. . . vflic es , , i , e Ass . , . t a e n ee cl i.7 \ td_ by ' the Treasurer, at 12 and . 14, '', Lbasi o tlati o , Messrs. Smith, Payee, and Smith, t i Atlitb, ' -''''W: kansion-house, Jan. 27, 1855. t . .......______ t hilli eltill ll4 r, Po ° MIND, ARGYLL ROOMS.— N' 1.44 t t 4,1 41 e • 29 tb, 1855 —During the course of this wee r k . 41 0 Will be pla CI b Lanrent's Orchestra . h '44 l , e t r.!! To: t b ,, er .z walta e ye G y sobs (first time) Bernard d , 4,1.41 ete' " 14 ) P ' ' tra use• ta S ultane e Bosisio ;Le Carim!va l i ! teb 't ,tlitz - ~, gettd;n7' aurent, with Variations for all the prim pal . It tbi lig eti . , arbo n ;44: Jerome Sol Dieze (first time), Lamotetye th tr,', T h e,4 iiol (firstasel Lamotts ; Lucia,. Ti , . 411 1 , - 414 4 - t ; Z ' 6 "ka time), Carbon. P , olkas .La ..__Sau -4 'kl th :,`". Lit ur " o .es, li. Laurent; Warshauer, Strauss. G allop, holkit.to,,,,is,l:_tp:4atisritrt. Principal Cornet-I-Piston, M. ,"eal - -. .ki ' . * , o u reh : e sh o uiin u:lc t 7 be obtained at them u3le re.r - -- 4 * boors own at Eight ; commence at hair 1101' , h , .1 4 p i , 14'1 " 44 Ce:. 1.4 ATie"b L YTECHNIC rNSTITIJTION.— to ~- -, A that ~, ..,roADINEN by Miss GLY N.—lt is respectful I,''',/ ti,' 't II /111:!„," 8 4 1•YNT vrili . RKty ‘t F. her DRAMATIC RyAl:l - ° t l 1 , 1 1 7„ ',, Y EVENIN 4, the let of F, Ix ual , , and e 9 44, 12 ' ° iliSis h - A rs "a7 Evenings, at Eight •.'clock, until further 4 „ - ' lst pe-h-"aY Evening the 12th February. 1 1 1. 1 '.'14 3' 4 11 I'' 1,. • • •• '• •• • • •• •• • ... The NI ancaarr of Vz rums. IN: • 4th F e b e • ...... ...., . ... OTNELLO. I. Y3l4 th p" ................... . .. N. ACIRETII. 4 22d F .eb.• • • ....... • .... . HAM:LET- lot Mr ". ... .. • • • ...... .. .. BOMI 0 and Jcurr. 4 14 g ul x arch .. Sum Joun. 1 41,1 1, i t , 'n a rch ............ • • - and CLEOPATRA. qt k'' Itt„ '- b• 18 S t ••••• •• ... ..... Abernowz ' , eh' rr , ioed" it ,eile, 2s. and 3s. As the Pit S . talls hav n e ee be ln et e i na 1 / 4 113: ‘3 Niketfally requested that Visitols wa il q tt S t I 'o%l+, P A C Pzk r aek tte 1 t the ittts u the Pier, ZS NONT TERRkez P ND S T E T S. ireenhithe and Pueleet Piers. underlined (weather permitting [ER, GRAVESEND. • W ttt " 4 13. p i Ze* t 2! V C z a x 8 5 31. Os. ; lard the ( AA Z i ' " .3 ' , , tiNi, 4 11&11r , N I , ~ lIT,ACKWILL. on the arrival of th 4 fo &A - 'rola the Fench az ch-stroet Station. ),,,,,, L A , ..-------_ V" •er° --"----:,!.:______ SUNDAYS. Ei t 'reb :1% •• , ____--- ~,--1: ' re et ;': 4 5 '' - 5 - • 1 E! t z . ......., ,g t Fen- 7, - o 23 u g 4 church S' .1.. `e 0 .= 10 -- - k 1 Street , '", g ° t ' A. I N -.--. . __--- ..... - 11 - - - - To -., -- . of fro lt (4ll 4 ra ' i etel, a "' Fore 0 ',.bin. 14a1v0. , . 1 1to 4 4 , 1 1q:ild mi i .,, 4 4 London- •••• - - 101, .. Is. 2 ! phre e ~i . l'hZ„ 4 Eid ~'4 , attkvrall or Woolwic=h Ed. .. Os. 10 : , cl„. 4 kon4, , E'rk ''`. Intorm Pll i. tp 1 , 164, . 53 ... Os. SI • fp ot !torn k t?l, 44 4 r a'iat 4 : 41 and , , ar e -.3 L i .. 4 blid at'l kci t ,,kor it - kETB 'Mtn) 0 1 . 4 % 2% ' o 7Tvrel • 11, r. teolitt? Jaclon•• •• tall or Wool , t;ermediate Ire Nfonths, be had of the Terrace Pie. Fore 101. .. Is. iRh Ed. Os, .. 5!... Os, Ma Months, C ollectors on bol fls vesend. Ig,, ---...„ I ht ''• SI/e r , z . 1tch....b1141;.,,,,,,,-Poi::IIIIIITIE3 OF YO . AND MATURITY. lo e- 2 '.• Illustrated with caves; stamps, free by post for 30 Etta it ' '''ll.o- 11S DEBILITY; N, r th,„, e atimes o k i .-- t er..,, To it, With, -rYMpt_orns, and Cure.—An t'ssay on Sper- 4 , , tre Triod e .. Tactical Observations on a safer . and more tive ..,,, o ti r i , l N ' i t 4 b i ti t i ne,l ebl, ttreatment of the dices set of the Genera in and ii,, 4 va,,, h lt by he use of the Micros•zope detecting `t 'ott. ' nary e xamination , real reuse and effect of Op ta t; ,yof en . the .. :,,....._titk iii lecid ei , i Plaint, whether arising from solitary founded 4,, 'Oll D e bea r ,: °r Cate followed. by practical remarks, . littdtip;litv y et- Pf l ri.iloo in the treatment of tiriPtilasurce , . 4 110 ''''', Co "' ' - ' o oal 'Weakri 9 tiatorrhfies, tao• mil 4 try 1 Ihr iblitari e , e ' s ' Prr' of Marriage, with P re " th,._oll i , lint s o „ _ on . the Physiolt u To which 14 1 ,i'1l nge 'i we evils einanatim from empirical practice, iiort,,r. rolls remedies adyocat lid by Tari°us wri ters on .I. disorders. D om , t 117 m-kstuEL LA'lf fo"'T M.P. It ra —'D o „ 1- 4 .,0i u mi ort . 1)..6 QU A R It, ,L 0 g , ~, ti t ' e '' 'c lotr. elno, INtatricultited Meraher• of the Univeraltj o, Lain- II- '''4ito ''''''rY Nf.tp- o ki ' e t , °f A txt - ; !",. Of the Londoi , ilospic.. ; ' -1 .. M.edical iflooh4tY• x,ql:to,,,_totim otv it :o-z . lell Ala% Lot Oort, ke 't '4''''' foal - All coo" tit fl..h - , -- , : v ro uiin _ _ r, of Wis treatise is to polat out the 4 e i ceFsoc, ;t,,,,,A, 4 2 , t pr,,,:,:2_ !Tri certain habits. ir: ertgariti degradationen In Man" 44," m g a.4 l lireto:; n t r ' : •: (l _ , more misery in Youth. . a , s. imy tlj'lli ttr i of dis c ,„; i i ; L eeg•Y at all stases of Life, than, Pe•" hap s. I, ti -0 11 1 3' reef ) ' fl own to modern pathologists Ito Peru ti ,, ,i tiz.,,yaiesl entlimended to Persons entertaining secret doubts o NI 44 , ha o i nalt hol, and who are conscious of bast :1g hazarded . ' h el ' P "of, and privileges to Which every human being is Di , „ l a ah,,,, lo'mivp,-- lite;y• i i „,.,.. ti. t 'irri o : Of rievs,„,esatiTY thatall men should know, that ther e art ,' , t 't li oy l tilev„, "" moliaßcment which cannot he yiolated wit:hos , 1 13 ' lia• rOf t a l o n leAl and when wisdom and regret' inecee, - - ii ~. - Toitlab l e- - 1 . , ~,,,,.. , gat, ~_ • :At, 20Htt041114,,0e t , tow these ptnaitie , s l t il ie ,.rZte o v iri.. " 0 w the Sting of their litt,rness may he removet, l ork i2e • e t,,, , e.tr told ifa con , e,que nee , m ay b t 4;jol.led, and - al - awe all, hej i - ent t 41 7 onY dteree of physii:sl ludrrnity or 'functions' Ora 4*3 / 4 0. t, ° w hi'sb t 1,.. 4. b, etio, 4-' 4 ' ...(2 r t ft i I . l S i i t' t i e i l a lo tti ef 1 f.Yv,esoac•scideolbfi:B:2l,i,lcieileA.ca,....z/liolti,a,,pll:,' stno:l7, ' ''f "rttir ' * hc tr i'lliiri,o..ttel, to ..... e .ciimpl -..,.!.r,i, wb io'.. nave 41 1. 1 - 07 1 1 ° hie te° ,,....v,','„rrollY confided - to the care o, ignorer., il? '- 'i n ti, - 4. ‘ Preto o t ', t i "' v*i• DOTY cm those who are induced to islaco if o e pt,.ao,, DF-111 IIT; . y ' ' r' " iv '' 'l 19 '... co. 2 1 „„ liTlay be had, price 2o,pf Messrs. _p , „ rty , t. 3 Lt, s ! • 3 aternoster.7ow: Hannay, 63, Oxford-street "'t.,,,o:inDi io'llT-square; Mann. 39, Cori:hill • or free ~y post for Eli At iiti l. ' 443. ad dreas from the kuther'4 ' residence. 31, Bei -4 tOo for con . '"Stn: '..'" Ul tAtloll daily from Eleven till Two, And from ~0i41...... Savryfroro g g r, 3 Time . 4C .1 Z -FA t a) t i 4. a . , 44 rtA F h'ilo • e inoit-stiest Station to all ports of Lon 4 1 \ ' 'rq °nr. t. , . Nth the No. 19,450.1 PUBLICATIONS. This day is published, in 3 vols., IRS. GORE'S NEW NOVEL, MAMMON; or, the Hardships of an H. Inns. Hunt and Blackett, publishers, successors to Henry Colburn, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready at all the Booksellers, CHEAP EDITION of PEPYS' DIARY and •iJ CORRESPONDENCE. Comprising all the recent additional Notes and Emendations, printed uniformly with the last edition of Evelyn's Diary, in 4 'vols. post iivo., with Portraits, &c., price only 6s. each, bound. Published for 11. Colbarn, by his successors, laurst and Blackett. MR. MARRYAT'S NEW WORK ON CALIFORNIA. Now ready, with numerous Illustrations, on Wood and in Colours, from Drawings by the Author in Ryo., price 215., MOUNTAINS and MOLEHILLS ; or, Recol lectioaq of a Burnt Journal. By FRANK MLBRYAT, Author of "Borneo and the Eastern Archipelago." London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman!. Sew Edition, in 8Yo.; price les. 6d., rfHRONICLES and CHARACTERS of the STOOK EXCHANGE. By JOHN FBANCIS, Author of "History of the Bank of England" (2 vols. Bvo., 21s ), and "Annaba and Anecdotes of Life Assurance" (83. 6d ) London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman. This day is Pabl!shed, RUSSIAN WORKS AT SEVASTOPOL.- Stanford's Bird's-Eye View of Sevastopol, Balaklaya, and the country ar.urtl, showing the very extensive , and importabt Works receatly erected by the Russians on the N , rth Side of the Harbour; the Inner lines of defences in SevaAtopol itsalf, as seta from the sea by Officers of H.M. ships ; the position of the Allied Armies, with their trenches, battcies, Lc., 'the defence works en tending from R.alaidava to the Valley of Inkermen. It will show also the natural , features of the country, and form the most perfetct coup-d'mil both for accuracy and beauty yet published. Price, An one sheet, plain, 31. ' • coloured, ss. ; per post, 64. additional. London: Edward Stanford, Wholesale and Retail Map•ae'ler, 6, Charing Cross; and all booksellers. STRICTURE OF THE URETHRA. Just Published, price 53., by post, free, ss. 6d.. 11 HE PATHOLOGY awl RATIONAL TREATAENT of STRICTURE of the URETHRA; with numerous Cases illustrative of every variety of Urethral Obstructio and their special Modes of Treatment and Cure. By F. B. COURTENAY, Member .Df the Royal College of Surgeons of England. _ " We know of no man to whogecare we could with greater confi dence entrust the treatment of a severe ease of stricture of the ure thra."—Medical et-rcular. Londo n : IL Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. ALLSOPP'S EAST INDIA PALE ALE, as specially ordered for SCUTARI, recommended by BARON LIEBIG and the n lost eminent members of the medical profession, in llGttles and easli.s (18 Gallons and upwards), imperial measure. Address :- HARRINGTON, PARKER, and CO., Leer Merchants, 8%, Pall-Mall, Lon don. 71RIESEMAR, protected by Royal Gotten. Patent of Le tgland, and secured by the Seals of the Ecole J. ehaeraacis de Paris, and the Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna. TSIESEMAR, No. 1, • s a remedy ibr Reis xatien. Sperrnetorrheee. and Enhaustion of tn,: zyetem, whether arising from excesses, accident, or climate. To those persons who are prevented enterine the married state by the consequences of 'early errors it is invaluable. TRIESEMILE, No. 2, effectually, in the B +nit space of three days, completely and entirely eradicates all traces of those Disorders which Caievi and Cubebs save so long been 'd nought an antidote for, to the rain of tee health 4 a vast portion of the population. TRIESEMAR, No. 3, s the great Contlue ental Remedy for that class of. Ditordet's„ which infortunately the le ;ngllsh physician treats with Mercury, to the in evitable destruction of the patient's constitution, and which all the ..ersaparllla In time rorld cannot remove. TRIBAEMA.R,, D - 0. 1,2, and 3, are alike devoid of taste or smell, end of all nause:tti ng qualities. They may lie on the tollet table , eithout their use b eine suspected. Sold in tin calf .S At I is. each, free by post, 2s. extra, divided thee eparate doses, if 1 administered by Valpeau, Lel:emeni. noun, ?cc., &c.—To be le a 3 Wholesele anci t itetail in London of Johaiton, 68, Cornhill; Hannsve :and Co., fl 3. Oxford-street:. and ranger, SQ, Ox ford-street ; R. H_ :Ingham, drugeist, 46, Market-street, Manchester ; H. Bradbury, bool a ieller, Deansgate, Bolton ; J. Prieetly, chemist, 52, Lord-street, Liven,. 301; Powell, bookseller, 15, Westmoreland-street, Dublin ;Winuall, be eokseller, High-street, Birmingham. DR. CIILVERWE LL ON NERVOUSNESS, DEBILITY, AND INDIGESTION. Also, on Urinary I) erangementa, Constipation, and Memorrhoids,ls. each, by post Is. 6d. ViTHAT Ti EAT,. DRINK, AND AVOID. " ostentia multi curantur morbi." A popular expos itien of the principal capses (over and careless ceding, &c.) of tt le above harassing and distressing complaints, with an equally int elligible and popular exposition of how-We should live to get rid of ill em ; to which is added, diet tables for every meal in the day, and frail. instructions for the regimen and observance of every hour out o" the twentyfour. Illustrated by numsrous cases, &c. LIGHTS •AND SHADES OF MARRIED LIFE. " He which that hath no wif, I hold him lost, Helpless, nd all desolat. He that bath no child, Like sun a nd winde."—Chancer. Subject : Alarri as 'e, its expectations and Necessities—Development of the Affections— -Love Matches—Precipitate, impelled, and retarded Unions—Marital Incenzruitles—Mutual Unsuitablenesa—Mentai Incompatibility a od Physical Defectiveness—Advantages of inter marriage—Theory' of Gestation—Hereditary Resemblance—Mode of determining Legi. arnacy. On Infelicitous, Infertile, and all Haas similable Alliance a--Law of Divorce, &c., &c. 3. CHAS 'FITT AND ITS INFRINGEMENTS. A Lecture to Young Men. " What / laalions hurt the body—what improve, Truths as refined as Athens ever heard." Subject : Life's piligrimage, trom infancy to old age. The adveni of the passions. 'Chastity and its infringement. The casualties ei licentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations, araphlc, narrative, and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages, &c. ' :On Secret ;Ms eases, their Self -management and Cur e . — 'The GREEN 1100 K.—A comprehensive and popular exposition of genito and urinal 'y diseases—their nature and treatment, com prising especially primary and secondary symptoms, all forms o urinary derangements, stricture and spermatorrhosa ; with 950 en , graviags and presiceptions. 5. The BLADDVE, URETEMA, sn i itrCTUM.—Comprlsing Urinary Derangements, Constipation, and Haemorrhoids. Vols. 6 and 7, companions to the preceding. SEM INJO'FIKENT OF LIFE. HOW TO BE HIPPY. "Jucunde invert." "Few words to fair faith."—ShakesPere. Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Mann, 39, Cornhill or of ZIP. RICHARD CULVERWF,LL, Brother, Successor, and Twenty Years Consulting Colleague of the tats Author of the above, 10, Argyll-place, Regent-street, London. who nay ►e advise& with on the above matters daily, from Ten till Five, sad in the e Ventage, from Seven till Nine. BUSINESS, TRA.VELLING, br SPORTING. For either engagement an entire New Stock of Attire is pre pared by E. Mos - ES and SON : it comprises many novel styles in Wercoats, which hive the advantage of a correct and easy fit, asso ciated with a gentlemanly appearance. These Overcoa•s are made in sivs for youths and adults. The most economical prices are uni formly charged at the establishments of E. Moses and Sox. fhe most extensive stock of Hosiery GooJs and Under -clothing for ladies and eirttlemen The articles are superior in quality, ele gant, and useful : they comprise every variety, and are remarkably cheap. Hats, Caps, BootS, and Shoes, &c.—every class of superior Goods —at such prices as the largest transactions only could render remu- iterative. E lions and Sox's Wholesale Clothing, Shirt, and Boot and Shoe Department, exhibiting the Largest and Best Assorted Stock in the world. Inspection is invited; and purchases will convey the most notable advatVages. SPECIAL NOTlCE.—until March 1,1855, E. MOSES and SOB'S ESTABLISH MEN' rS will be CLOSED at EIGHT O'CLOCK EVERY EVENING, except Saturday, when they will be open till 11 o'clock. CAUTION.—E. MOSES and SON regret havta4 to guard the public against imposition, having learned that the nniradesman-like falsehood of "Being; connected with their Establishment," or " It's the same concern," has been resorted to in Many inst ance4, and fee obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have No C•XNECIOLI WITH ANY 0T2F.1 Sousa ifs Ox OUT ow LONDON, except their own Establishments, as follows : London City Establishment, 154, 155. 155, and 157. Minorios, 84, 45, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church. all communicatins. London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 50s, New Oxford-street, 1,2, and 3, Hart-street, all communicating. Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch. 19 and 20, Bridge-stria. Sheffield Branch, ZS, Fargate. Colonial Wholesale Branch, Melbourne, Australia. Merchant Tailor..., Clothiers, hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot an Shoe Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. IMPORTANT.- r,hould any article not give satisfaction, it will he exchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned without hesitation. All goods are marked la plain figures, the lowest from which no abatement can be made. The Establishments are doted from muse` on Fridays to sunset en Saturdays, when business is resumed till 11 o'clock. A. new Book for Autumn and Winter. " The Commercial Cornu copia," containing full lists of prices, our system of self.measure sent, Ste., &c., may be had on application, or post-free. id Ton nisi° Francais. Qui si parla Tiler snrieht man Dantseb Aqua sa habla Espano. At Illustrated Almanac for 1555 wratison application ,sr cost free. [ADviraTismoNT.]—Diseascs of the Kidneys, Bladder, and Prostrate Gland, awl their corniection with the Ganglionic or Great• Central System of Nerves ; being a reprint (considerably enlarged) of a series of papers bear ing upon the more important and promi nent s y m p toms, and the most successful mode of practice in the treat ment of diseases of those organs— in the pre , s, and will be speedily published, by Dr. Denis Cronin, 35, Bruton street, Berkeley-square. ADIFERTISEMENT.I—THE WAX IN TIE EAST. —POWERFUL PATENT RECONNOITRIES GLASSES.— SIGHT AND HBARLEG -Messrs. S. and B. Solomous, opticians, 39, Albemarlo-street, Piccadilly. Ob serve—opposite the York Hotel. Newly-constructed Spectacle Lenses ofthe greatest transparent power, The valuable advan tage derived from this invention is, that vision becoming im paired is preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to employ their sight at - the most minute occupation—can see with these lenses of a much less mag nifying power—and they do not require the frequent changes to the dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Deaf ness—New Discovery.—The Organic Vibrator, an extraordi nary powerful, small, newly-invented instrument for deafness, entirely different from all others, to surpass anything of the kind that has been, or probably ever can be, produced. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not perceptible ; it enables deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and at public assemblies ; the unpleasant sensation of singing noises in the ears is entirely removed ; and it affords all the assist ance that possibly could be desired. - By her Majesty's Roya Letters Patent for valuable knd extraordinary improvements in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Race course, Opera, and Perspective Glasses, to know the distances of objects viewed through them—of great Importance to the a rmy, wavy, and others. These telescopes possess such extra ordinary powers that some 36 inches, with an extra eye piece, will show ' distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's ring, and the double stars ; with the same telescope can be seen a person's countenance three miles and a half distant, and an object from 16 too 0 miles. They Y ; while their ard of larger and all sizes, with increasing pers accordingl vary ing from 4 to 6 inches enab'e us to discover more tha n t he a bove, and the Georgia n, " with his 6 satellites, &c.—The Royal Exhibition, 1851.—Valuable, newly r invented, very small, powerful waistcoat-pocket glass,the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen and known 1 miles distant ; they answer every purpose ou the race-course, and at the opera houses, country scenery, and ships are clearly seen at Bto 10 miles. They are invaluable for shooting, deer -stalking, yachting, t o sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera, race-course, camp, and perspective glasses, with wonderful power.-39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe—oppo site the York Hotel. - i _ -2 ' -?-- - . , , , ..... • - . . . . , _________---- _ 2 __ , c • V I ..Ze -----<:7 / 9 - ---- Z ---- ./-.-------". , . . • •-: ' , , . . , *•-• . . • • ' ' ' . . 1 1: 117 ::: : 7 -7 1; 1;1*-141 144 4- 4 ' ' .,l. l_. :::" _7_ . ' _."__„; j , `; . I tr i l ,3 • t. ti., Eng t‘ll ;:k.. - *F-* P - s*''''--•• ' * i le ,111 . 7- • , ..•::.•,, - s' t , i• . . 7 / , „,„ . - 0.111 • 44, c ' - Ttake the' 04 ,- ,, %o. / ..1 •\••• ~,..A. ' - - - ; ,e... .. -----..... ' the trai ~ i ) '. 9 J.' %-,-2 - k\ ' L ~ t i .1. F „ ~ .. . ))+ , N'' . Sli - Oeflg' • ' /"-• ) -% ' .. , , , I r . ,,. ii. ! service a . officer who ,wiN a S '' . " ' '& 1 ~, 1143 U 2, 4 ~ ; 7 _ - • a . ~.... .. "'s,..;_ '' , L l . , u 1 r . . ..----_- , . 1;- ; :.4 .;( --' :! '''''. ---c r ' I 't . •X x -417,9 61, 0;1 " - . 0 . - &-• 1 ' Dr,, _:,---- T.,: . 0 ,,,,,,,, ..., ~ ~t , ,,.,,,,,,, ,_ Rorr.4 , . . ' AN , --:, ~*•. lit , + • with a pen i ',iff,- j /1,.....5t,%, Appoint a general to command the troops in under the direction of the Minister, to undert taut duty of watching over the discipline and the troops at home and of preparing them for when they were called upon. Let him be an . train the troops in arms—not a Minister of War his hands at the Horse Guards ; and as to duties of a different description, which now belong to the Commander-in-Chief, give them to a Minister of War—no matter what You call him —transfer to him the duties belonging properly to a Minister of War, and which now are performed by the Commander - hi- Chief. Among those duties Ido not hesitate to say ruralist include the patronage of the army. I know how strong lathe prejudice which exists upon this subject ; I know how Many persons believe that you cannot, without danger, place the patronage of the army under the control of a member of the civil Government. But let me just point out how the present system works. Can any Minister be justly made responsible for the conduct of a department if he is not allowed to choose the instruments he employs—if he is not intrusted with the means of rewarding those who do good and faithful service I I would ask the noble earl the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs whether he would consent to be responsible for con ducting the foreign relations of this country if he had no voice in the appointment of any member of the diplomatic body, from the Attache up to the highest Minister acting under him —if be had no means of advancing those who did well, or of recalling those who did ill? (Hear) Would he consent to un dertake the management of oisr foreign relations upon these terms ? I think I cannot be at a loss for his answer. But with regard to the army, it is more particularly necessary that this ffiU e p th on in power should be exercised by the person responsible for its If there cien is eY one thing morehat d than oes that another u efficiency pon mainlywhich i t depend depends it is upon the manner in which the patronage is exercised (hear)—upon the care taken to advance deserving officers, and sternly refuse promotion to the incompetent. It is upon the care and seal with which this is, done that it mainly depends whether your army is efficient or the reverse. Let me also observe that in every other department of the public service you do trust the Minister of the Crown with patron age. I have already referred to the diplomatic service. The naval service is the same, and throughout the whole of the civil service the different branches are subject to the control of her Majesty's Government. I don't deny that abuses may be committed in this way. I should be the last to deny that under every Government, and in every time, Parliamentary interest and other improper motives have influenced the appointments and promotions in the public service. Such abuses, lam afraid, have existed, and while human nature is what it is lam afraid they will exist. I know no country, no form of Government in which they have been avoided, and the greatest and most difficult problem for the solution of a Government,_ is to secure the appoint ment of the right men to situations in the public service. Upon the whole, however, admitting the abuses which have taken place in the administration of patronage, I believe that placing it under the control of the responsible Ministei of the Crown is the best security you can obtain for the duo discharge of this most important duty. I know that a com parison has sometimes been - drawn between the distribution of patronage in idle navy and in the army. (Haar, hear.) I should be prepared for answer to take issue upon that,as a matter of fact. I deny that for the last 60'years the distribu tion of the patronage of the army under the existing system has, upon the whole, been more pure than that of the navy. The abuses may have been of a different character. I admit that they have in some respects been of a different character. But if you will go into detail and scrutinise appointments, I will undertake to show you, that the public service hasiuf fered more in the army than it has In the navy during the last 60 years from injudicious appointments, - made from improper motives. My lords, I cannot help stating that, even now, at this moment, in the Crimea, judging by results; I cannot believe that the patronage of the army has been exercised with so much greater judgment and discretion than that of the navy. (Hear, hear.) This I know—and I see a noble lord here present who can confirm the truth of what I am saying —that I know that there is in the army at this mo moment groat dissatisfaction at the recent promotions for ser vices —(cheers)—and lam told that it is the opinion of the army—whether correctly or not I have not the means of judging--that men who were not really under fire—(hear) — at Inkerman, or Alma, or at Balaklava, and who have never undergone all the perils and the hardships of the trenches — that men of this kind have received the promotion which has been denied to most meritorious regimental officers. (Hear.) I know not whether that allegation be true, but I think it is a pregnant example of the inconvenience of the existing sys tem that such an allegation and such complaints can be made, and that no man in this house can distinctly say, if the mistake has been made, who is responsible for it. Is it the Secretary of State for War, or is it the Commander in-Chief ? I think it would be one of the great advan tages of the change I propose that in these matters any future responsibility would be brought distinctly home to one individual, and thus this great power of promotion, upon the judicious use of which the whole efficiency of an army depends, would be exercised under that check and under that feeling of responsibility which would then be created. (Hear, boar.) When touching upon promotion, I cannot avoid mentioning one other subject. Look at the medical staff and at the medical service. I believe there has bean no branch of the service which has been so completely withdrawn from the control of the civil Government of the country as the army medical service ; and, I ask, do the pre sent state of that service, and the manner in which the duties have been performed, justify you in believing that that pa tronage has been so much more judiciously exercised than patronage in other branches of the service ? I say, then, that you have failed in preventing those evils against which the measure was directed, by withdrawing the patronage of the army from the regular control of the country. But let us see, in avoiding one class of evils, what others you have encountered. In the first place, the management of the army, the general responsibility for its efficiency, have neces sarily been thrown with the patronage, and the Commander in-Chief therefore has this power over 'the army. But you have given it to him, as I have already shown, with a crippled and. divided authority, an authority powerful for destroying but powerless in action—strong to prevent the civil servants of the Crown from acting'upon their own views in the management of the army, but weak in enabling them to act on their own. I have now touched upon the weakneis and uncertainty of action which have distinguished our military arrangements, but, my lords, surely every one will agree with me that even in times of mace the manaveies- 4 " —7`" ^"c"i'"'" thost, ...portant of the functions discharged by the executive Government of, the country ; and in time of war the management of the army and navy are clearly the two most important of the duties attached to the Government. If this be true, and no one will, I think, deny thlt it is so, is it either more or less than a palpable absurdity to say that, while we have a Government responsible to the country and to g i tr on a n t w l t i h a fo t ol re branch thoe tr cont r ol over g eneralothv eelri public be o l i f ca r p sm o c l ,y i y ieche w hich e y t g b lio e v y redn m s may military authorities, who shall enjoy a quasi independence in say that at this moment you arc suffering from the effects Which have been produced by that kind of independence carrying adopt,ya Parli amen t given to the military authorities, and I make that statement without hesitation, because I have pointed out the errors which have prevented - the War Department from adequately answering the expectations of the country. I have pointed out the errors of administration which have rendered that department less equal than it ought to be to discharge the duties attached to it ; but I assert that those errors have arisen from the want of sufficient power on the part of the civil Government to introduce occasionally those improve ments which have been known to be necessary. I believe that most of the Governments which have existed in this country for many years havb been aware of the great, the paramount importance of introducing various im provements into our system of military administration. I can assert that such has been the case with all those Govern ments with which I have had the honour of being con nected, and I believe it to have been the case with most other Governments which have of late years conducted the ailitirs of this country. It is now nearly 20 years ago - since I had the honour of accepting the office of Secretary at War, and I can confidently state that I had discharged the duties of that office for a very short period before I perceived a necessity for the introduction of many great improvements, but under the complicated system of the present administra tion so slow and weary was the work of effecting the changes which I perceived to be necessary that, although I applied my best energies to the task, and although I hope I was not altogether unsuccessful in introducing home improvements, still I retired from that office with a painful consciousness that what had been done was a small part indeed of what re mained, to do. I believe that other Secretaries at War have experienced the same feelings ; because I have perceived that gentlemen who have successively held that office have endea voured to follow out a career of improvement, and. that yet all that has been done falls far short of what is necessary. I am persuaded that there never will nor can be any effectual cor rection of the evils which I have pointed out until you place the management of the army, as all other branches of the public service are placed, under the direct and immediate control of some one office presided over by one of the respon sible advisers of the Crown. It is a great advantage of our constitutional system that, in carrying on the public service of the country, you secure the advantage of great experience in the management of public affairs, and at the same time you check a too great adherence to routine. You secure the ad vantage of experience, because there exists a vast body of able and experienced men ; and those who hold office do so, it may be said, upon good behaviour, and at the same time you correct the tendency to routine which among such a body of - men would be sure to arise by placing every branch of the Government under some ono Minister of the. Crown, who is responsible to Parliament and to the country for the manner in which the duties of his department are per formed. Practically speaking, Ministers retain office for a few years only, and by that means fresh minds are intro duced into the various departments of the State, and thus there is great facility for the introduction of improvements when they may be necessary. This is our system in the ad ministration of - all branches of the•public service, with the exception of the army, and what is the consequence ? The army has been under purely professional management, and the administration of it has for a series of years been in trwtel to officers who have risen to high rank in their pro fes.ion, and who are, therefore, generally men advanced in life, and on whom it is passing no reflection to say—what, in deed, may be said of all other professional men—that they are indisposed to consent to any alteration in that system under which they themselves have risen to distinction, and which was in existence at the time when they entered the ser vice. But you place the administration of the army not only under professional men and professional management, but you add to that arrangement the difficulty that the. chiefs of the profession have not their hands free to adopt any measure which they may think necessary, but they are checked at every turn by requiring the concurrence of other departments; and, from the manner in which the different offices are constituted, they have to contend against the natural jealousy of the civil departments. You see now, my lords, in the events in the Crimea the re sults of such a system. It is to mistakes committed before the war began that it is to bo attributed that the army is not in that state of efficiency and usefulness in which it ought to be. But let me not be misunderstood when I say that the army has not shown itself as efficient as it ought to be. Ido not mean to deny its valour or its many great exeollene, for lam as sensible of them as any of your lordships. No man admires more than I do the heroic valour they have dis played in battle, and the still more heroic f o rtitude they have displayed under privations almost incredible. I (Cheers.)No the man, I say, admires these excellenc es more than do , but more I admire them so much the more do I desire to see th e administration of the army placed under a system of manage ment which will relieve it from those faults which I have long foreseen would load to those unhappy consequences in which, unfortunately, I bay" seldom found any officer_ of high rank prepared to believe. (Hear, h ear. ) My lords, I say that I admire th e valour and fortitude displayed by our army, nor do I doubt that their efforts, in spite of those faults to which I have adverted, might have been- attended with success, had they been seconded by better arrangenients. The errors which have been made are precisely in kind what I an ticipated when, in the debate on the Address last year, I ven tured to predict to your lordships that, unless some great changes were made, we should not be many months engaged in a groat war without meeting with calamitous results. I made those observations a year ago, and, although I felt in doing so that I was guided by reason, still I little believed that the prediction would be so soon and so fearfully fulfilled. Er rors of the kind whichhave been committed I did expect; but I must admit th it in degree those which have been committed exceed anything that I could have believed possible. I think that what has occurred must form the subject of a strict in quiry. There must have been some great faults committed r PRICE SD. Practical officers. Now, my lords, look at the advantage of instruction of this kind, for your staff particularly. •In this present campaign, is it net the general cry of every man, that the want of the thorough instruction of your staff officers has been one of the greatest difficulties which you have had to en counter. I think that that is true. In the French army we know that no officer can serve on the staff until he had passed a most severe examination as to his knowledge of every prac tical detail. In our army, unfortunately, that is not the case. But there is another circumstance which has increased the deficiency of your staff officers. It is this —more than 20 years ago a committee of the House of Commons pointed out that it was very desirable that the same officers should not be engaged for too long a continuance upon the staff; and they recommended that staff officers should not be employed for more than five years at a time ; a ssigning as a reason, not only that it would be more fair to all the army, but that it would create a Class of educated staff officers who would be very useful in the time of war. That was the recommenda tionoHow h f as a c i o t m b m ee tteeof treated? the H l o t us h e a o s f years r C em otam aine o d ns fr 2 o o m to this a dead letter, and the recommendation has only lately been repeated by that commission to which I before referred , of which I had the honour to be a member last spring. I might point out other instances; I might refer to the want that ago. daY of improvement in the clothing, in the arms, in the artillery —to delays in adopting the latest scientific discoveries for adding to the powers of these arms. But I abstain from doing so. I think I have said enough to show your lord ships that, during a very long peace, our army was not managed in such a manner as to fit it for the emergency of war. I know it has been said, and upon high authority, that this state of things has been produced by the niggardli ness of Parliament—(cheers)—that it is because we have not kept up our establishments upon a sufficiently large scale that these evils have arisen ; and I perceive, from the cheers which have followed my mention of this, that some noble lords are of that opinion. For my own part, 'I utterly deny the correctness of such a statement. (Hear, hear.) In the first place, the improvements I have pointed out would not' have cost one single farthing—l mean to say, that every one of those improvements to which I have alluded might have been introduced with the most perfect facility without one single shilling of expense. But more than that—l deny that the House of Commons has shown that niggardliness which has been imputed to it. (Hear.) For 19 years I had the honour of being a member of that house, and I do not believe that in the course of those 19 years I was ever absent when military estimates were discussed. During four of those years it was my duty to submit them to the House of Com mons, and I will assert that in that time I never yet. saw a single instance in which the House of Commons refused a vote of money which was necessary for the real efficiency of the service. (Hear, hear.) lamby no means sure that I could say the reverse with equal confidence—that they had never made giants with injudicious liberality. Well, I say, then, there has not been this niggardliness which is so often dwelt upon. Ido not, indeed, pretend to say that you have kept up establishments during peace sufficient to enable you, without large augmentations and without some time spent in preparation, to enter upon an offensive war. Certainly not; and I hope and trust that this country never will consent to keep, up its peace establishments upon any such scale. (Hear.) To do so would be to commit the greatest blunder which could be imagined ; because, independently of the expense, of the great drain upon the resources of the country, and of preventing the real increase of power which the accumulation of wealth in a kingdom creates, —independently of all this, independently also of the great evils arising from the jealousy which would be excited by such armaments in foreign countries—the just and natural jealousy which would exist in those countries upon finding that ou r arma ments were kept up on a scale sufficient at any time for offen sive preparations, which would drive them into a similar course, and would leave both parties pretty much where they were before—independently, I say, of all this, I assert that, if you do keep up these establishments upon such a scate, you will be in a worse situation at the b ginning of a war than you actually dr2 now —you would be in a worse position for this reason. You would have your army still more full than it is of officers advanced in age and without ex, - .erience in war ; and you. would have your arsenals and harbours filled with arms, ships, and stores of obsolete pattern, and not em b )(lying all the improvements which modern science had sug ges',ed. I firmly believe already that it would have been better far us if, on the'brealiing out of this war, we had been thrown to a greater extent upon the resources whichwe could create at the time, and if we had trusted less to thoso relics of a former war which were then in existence. I say, there fore, that over economy does not account for these evils. They arise from a very different source. Let me remind you how very large have been the grants which Parliament has made for the support of our military and naval establishments during peace. By a return which was laid upon the table of the house last session, it appears that the total money spent upon our army, ordnance, and navy during the 17 years end ing in 1853 was no less than 217,000,0001. 15,500,0001. an nually have been applied to this object, and will any man tell me that so vast a sum as 15,500,0001. a-year, if judiciously applied, is Rot ample to keep up an armament quite sufficient for all peace purposes, and sufficient as a nucleus for more extended preparations when war takes place? (Hear.) When - war breaks out you never want to commence offensive opera rations immediately ; there-is always some time 'for prepara tion. For instance, in the present war, it was not until six months after the declaration of war that the expedition sailed to the Crimea, which we must call the beginning of offensive operations. Your expedition sailed,-I believe, from Varna in September, While war was declared in March. Even be fore these six months expired there was still more time for preparation. [Lord HARDINGE suggested, that our troops had been sent to Gallipoli some time before the end of the six oneration I say, that offensive operations did not commence until months after the declaration of war, and until nearly twelve months after war must have appeared so probable that prepa rations might have been commenced. That ti me , if well used, and if your establishments bad b een previously upon a proper footing, was ample for you to have ma d e every effort which could reasonably be expected from this couhtry. I repeat, then, it is not to over economy that we must attribute tho ex isting evil, which has quite a different origin. The fault is that to which I have already adverted—the division of au thority and responsibility. There is a very homely saying that " too many cooks spoil the broth ;" and you have had too many cooks. (Hear.) . What you want is something like the administration at the Admiralty. The Admiralty does per form every function with regard to the navy which one would expect to devolve upon it. It builds the ships ; it appoints the officers ; it gives all the requisite directions- with regard to manning, discipline, and provisions ; and everything is complete within itself. What is the consequence ? No doubt there have been some errors of judgment committed, even by the Admiralty, during the present war. It would not be diffi cult to point out some of those errors ; but still, upon the whole, the Admiralty has furnished to the country a most splendid fleet, and the efficiency of that fleet has not been impaired by such mistakes as have occurred with regard to the army, for you have had a fleet not only splendid in itself, but exceedingly useful. My lords, I say. therefore, that if you wish to apply a remedy to this stat 3 of things, you must consolidate the many independent de partments which have now concurrent power and authority with respect to the administration of the army. Unless you do that, you will effect no real good, and I must say that that consolidation cannot, in my opinion, be effected by the mere appointment of a Secretary for War. The Secretary of War has to direct not only the army, but the navy. Ho is supposed to be the organ of the Government for directing all your warlike operations. Now; it seems to me to be quite inconsistent with this function that he should have under his charge all the details connected with the management of the army. Complaints would probably arise from the navy that they were put under the authority of a department which had authority over the army, and in this way jealousy might arise between the two services, as well as a conflict of authority between Secretaries of State. What is really wanted is, as I have stated before, the consolidation of the offices of the Se cretary for War, the Commander-in-Chief, the Board of Ord nance, and the Commissariat. You ought, in my opinion, to have one single and well-constituted department, which should do for the army that which is done for the navy—that is provide an efficient instrument to execute the orders of the Government, whatever thosb orders may be.' If you do this, I cannot believe that a fourth Secretary would be necessary ; for I concur with the noble earl who spoke upon this subject some time ago, that the real direction of the war ought to rest with t'ae Prime Minister. There is no other authority iu the Government who can direct every measure of every-sub ordinate department for the conduct of the war in the same manner as the Prime Minister, because when the country is engaged in'war it naturally absorbs everything else. The business of the Treasury, of the Foreign-office, of the army department, and. of the navy, are of equal importance in for warding the one common object, and, except the Prime Mi nister, I know no one who can direct all those departments efficiently. But I know it is said that such a consolidation Would. be objectionable, because it would place the command of the army and the patronage of the army too immediately in the hands of the Government of the day. (Cheers.) My lords, I know how much stress has been laid by many per sons upon this objection, but I am prepared to meet it. With regard to the prerogative of the Crown, which has been sometimes dwelt on, I will not repeat the arguments I ad dressed to your lordships upon a former occasion with re gard to this point, because, if I am not mistaken, the noble duke (of Newcastle) gave up every ground o f objection of thatkind to the change I proposed, and sa id, the prerogative of the Crown was not affected by the question one way or the other—that all executive duties belong equally to the Crown, but that they are all equally exercised by means of responsi ble advisers, and subject to the criticism of Parliament. When you say there is an objection t o putting the command of our - i C on hi . , Until sueh army too directly-under the Government of the. day, let me remind you that the existaenvceeryofmaodern Commanderintroduction. lcut ef after the tihsenowknown'is revolutionary war, I believe you can find no in stance of a Commander -in-Chief during peace. You never had such an office during peace, and even during war the Commander-in -Chief was generally what his name implies, t h e c ommander of a certain portion of the army directly under his o rders, and of which he acted as genera l . Th e p l easu re of th e Sovereign upon any point was then taken by the Secre tary of State or the Secretary of War and not by the Com mander-in-Chief. The Commander-in-Cnief recommended, but it was a member of the civil Government who took the pleasure of the Sovereign. It was not Until 1812 that the Commander-in-Chief's office was placed upon the footing of a public department ; until then he was only an officer com manding a certain portion of the army. At the same time, I am ready to allow that, although actually this change took place not before 1812, yet substantially it took place at a considerably earlier period, and probably for 50 or .60 years the department has leen what it now is. But, further than this, I hold that, accordi n g to the duties now performed by a C omman d er -i n -Chief, his title is a misnomer. He is n o t Com mander-in-Chief. To my notion, the name implies an officer who is in military command of,troops, who is constantly at their head and acting as their general. Now I need not tell your lordships that the Commander-in-Chief in - this country is never seen at the head of troops—unless, indeed, it be at a birthday par a d e o r a rev i ew i n Hyde N Park. Except at some state pageant of that kind, I say, the Commander-in-Chief never appears in command of troops, and his duties might be perfectly well per formed without his ever putting a red coat on his back. He With in his office at the Horse Guards, and upon him there de volves the duty of organising and superintending the British army all over the world. It is a duty which, in every other Country, is performed, not by a general com manding, but by Si Minister of War. In this country the Commander-in-Cinef, is a Minister of War shorn of a great part of his proper power . and authority. He is Minister of War, wit h very little power over the,artillery, with no authority in m a t t ers of expense, and with scarcely any as regards the prov isioning, clothing, armingand of the troops. He is Minister of War deprived of all the essential parts of his functions. I say, then, that the obvious remedy for the evil is to get rid of this department. LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 30, 1855. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. 110 USE OF LORDS-(YESTERDAY.) The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. PETTY LARCENIES. Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition from the magistrates and chairman of quarter sessions, complain ißof expenses incurred in prosecuting pettylarcenies, and praying for a reform in the criminal law of the country. The noble lord entered at some length into the prayer of the petition, and said he was exceedingly glad to see his noble friend, the Lord Chief Justice, in his place, and hoped that the attention of that noble lord and the Government would be directed to the subject. He therefore begged to lay on the table a bill to alter the present law. The LORD CHANCELLOR said he was exceedingly glad to inform the noble lord that a bill of a precisely similar object had been prepared, and was about to be introduced in the other house. He entirely concurred with the noble and learned lord that it was time a mea sure was passed to meet the evil. He did not state this much with the object of stopping the oloble lord ; indeed he thought it was desirable to have both bills printed. Lord CAMPBELL hoped that the present session would not pass away without the law being altered. LORD LYNDHURST AND THE MINISTRY. Lord LYNDHURST postponed his motion from Friday till the Monday following. THE CHARGE AT BALABLANA-NEW TA RY DECORATION. Lord VIVIAN asked the noble lord the Minister of War whether he had any objection to lay on the table of the house the exact words of the order to charge, in asmuch as there were two versions of the order given, the one being imperative and the other was of a discre tionary character. He asked, therefore, whether they would have any objection to lay the order on the table, or a copy of the original order issued by Lord Raglan. He also wished to know whether he understood the noble duke rightly that it was the intention of the Go vernment to give to the army in. the Crimea a clasp for Balakiava The Duke of NEWCASTLE said he was not dis posed to lay on the table the exact words of the order to which his noble friend referred, for the reason that the circumstance attending it had led to a correspondence which had only recently been brought to a close. (Hear.) He did not think, therefore, that it would be lair to the parties con cerned to lay that order before their lordships until the whole of the correspondence which had taken place was ready to be produced at the same time. With regard to the second question with respect to the Crimea medal, it was intended to give that medal to all those who had taken part in that campaign from its commence ment to the prasent time. With regard to the clasps for Balak'ava, it would only be given to those engaged there. He would take that opportunity of Stating that it was the intention of her Majesty to institute a cross of military merit, which should be applicable to all ranks of the army, from the general in command to the youngest private in the ranks. The principle to be adopted in deciding how this order shall be conferred shall be by adjudication of 3.jury of persons occupying a similar rank to that of the persons whose names shall be given as deserving the order. BILLS OF EXCHANGE BILL. This bill was read a second time. - THE WAR DEPARTMENT. Earl GREY then rose and said—My lords, the subject to which I propose this evening to call your attention is one which, in the present circumstances of the country, is of such extreme importance' that I assure you I feel very painfully how unequal I am to the task I have undertaken ; but I en tertain so strong a sense of the urge,ney—of the absolute ne- cessity—of some such change as that which it is my purpose to recommend, that, however unequal I may be to the proper performance of this task, I haVe not thought myselt at liberty to avoid it. Before Igo further, I ought . orobably to offer some apology for having taken the somewhat unusual course, after giving notice of my motion for Thursday next, of bring ing it under your lordships' consideration to-night. My rea son for doing so was this :—I had learnt, in common with the public, that certain circumstances which have recently oc- curred rendered it not improbable that some changes might take place with reference to the administration of the affairs of the army, and it appeared to me—and I found also, from communications with noble lords on both sides of the house, ghat it appeared to them—that before any such changes were carried into effect it was desirable that this house should have an opportunity of expressing its opinion upon the principle on which such changes should be made. I intend to move that your lordships should agree to a resolution declaring your opinion that serious evils have arisen from the present division of authority and responsibility in the administration _ . of tho affairs of the army, ei:elthat ticero fora the bueineee re Sating to this most important brancliof, the public service, which is now; distributed among various different offices, shopld bo placed under the immediate control of a single and well organised department. I must remind your lordships that twice in the course of the last session of Parliament I called yciur attention to this very im- portant subject. During the debate on the address in reply to her Majesty's gracious speech from the Throne, I called the attention of the Government and of your lordships to the great inconvenience which was certain to arise from the present constitution of the military departments, in the event of that war taking place with which wo were then threatened. About two months before the war broke out I urged as strongly as I could do that preparations should be made for it in this respect ; and subsequently, after the war had commenced—on the 7th of April—l more distinctly called your lordships' attention to the subject. I then moved for certain papers, but, as I wished to leave the matter in the hands of her Majesty's Government, I carefully abstained from making any motion Which would lead to a difference of opinion, and I only moved for papers about granting which there could be no difficulty. The production of those papers was acceded to by her Majesty's Government; and, as I have to refer to them, perhaps I may be permitted to pause for one moment to say that I think my noble friend, the noble mar quis below me, was quite right in calling the attention of your lordships to the irregular nature of the return which was in the first instance laid upon the table. I consider that, in order to enforce the respect due to this house, it was quite pr;Pe;oxr tha part of my noble friend to call ateniien - to a return in which the very unusual course had been taken of including in the correspondence laid upon the table an elabo rate answer to the speech of the peer who moved for tha correspondence. So far as I was individually concerned, I had not the least objection to that answer having been placed upon your lordship's table. On the contrary, lam rather glad that your lordships should see what are the arguments which can be advanced in this manner in reply to those which I have used. With regard to that part of the letter which controverts certain statements made by me, I will say that the most important of these statements—those relating to the arrangements of the troops in the West Indies—were founded upon official correspondence which was laid upon the table of the other house in consequence of a motion which I made in 1840, and if any of your lordships will take the trouble to refer to that return, which is in the library of this house, you will find that it bears out to the very letter every word I uttered. The remaining part of my statements, which was contradicted, and which does not rest upon that paper, was founded upon reports made to me officially when I was Secretary at Wa r, by a gentleman whose accuracy I never in any one instance found at fault, and upon whom I have the most perfect and entire reliance. But, re turning from this digression, I beg to say, that the object of the motion which I made last year was not to call for any ex pression'of opinion on the part of this house, but to direct the attention of your lordships, of the Government, and I will also say of the public, to a subject which it appeared to me required very serious consideration. Nor do I think that I was altogether unsuccessful, or that I failed in making some impression , upon the Government, because, although the noble duke, now at tho head of the War Department, argued at great length, in reply to my speech, that the existing arrangements were perfectly satisfactory, and were working admirably, and stated that he had no doubt they would con tinue to do so, and that he anticipated no difficulty in carry ing on the war under those arrangements, within about two menthe from that time it was announced_ that it had been found necessary to divide the Colonial and the War Depart ments, and to appeint a fourth Secretary of State to take the exclusie charge of the Department of War. I hold in my hands a paper which had been laid upon the table of this house—in consequence of an address to her Majesty which I moved before Christmas—explaining, so far as it does explain, that division of offices. I cannot help expressing my great disappointment that that explanation should be so imperfect. (Hear, hear.) I confess I did expect, when a measure of such importance was adopted, that there would have been some regular and official record of:the manner in which it was to be' carried into execution (hear), that there would have been some minute by her Majesty in Council, such as has been made on former occasions, or scene other equivalent official document, accurately defining the limits of the duties of the new office which had been created, and pointing out how bUsiness was iu future to be conducted. I cannot help thinking that the absence of any such formal document proves in it self that the measure was a *Crude and ill-digested one. I must add, my lords, that from what we know of the measure from this very short account of it, and from what we learn from the public newspapers, it is, in my opinion, anything • but satisfactory. I would remind your lordships that in bringing this subject under your notice last year I pointed out two great objections to the existing arrangements. The first was that the business relating to the administration of the army was divided among far too large a number of independent departments ; and the second was that the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, whose authority was supposed to keep all these independent departments in one line of action, had far too much to do to enable him to execute that task. Now, it is quite true that, by the arrangements which hair() been made, the second of these objections has been removed. A Secretary of State has been appointed whose special and exclusive business it is to Lake charge of all that relates to the conduct of the war ; but the first, and by far.the most important, of those objections remains altogether untouched. You have as many indepen dent departments as before concerned in the administration of business relating to the army. Nay, I should rather say that the objection has been aggravated, because, instead of simplifying a machine which was already too complicated, what you have done has been to introduce a new and un necessary department, and the only step in the nature of a consolidation which has taken place was the transfer, on the 22d of December, of the Commissariat to the War Depart ment. I cannot, however, call that a consolidation at all. I cannot, fer my own part, understand how a description of business involving so much detail and so many matters of finance can be conveniently dealt within an office constituted like that of a Secretary'of State. I certainly think it is a description of business that would be more properly united to departments which are more conversant with' pecuniary transactions and with matters of detail. The other depart ments continue precisely as they were. You have still the same number of entirely independent departments, and your only security for their working harmoniously together ithat they may be made to do so by the common and superin tending authority of the new Secretary of State. I cannot help thinking that the experience of the Admiralty might have taught us that the expectation that these independent departments would be made to work well together by one superintending authority of this description could • not be realised. I may remind your lordships that when the Navy Board and the Victualling Boards were distinct departments under the Admiralty, although they were entirely subordi nate to the Admiralty, it was found that difficulties and'de lays were constantly occurring, and the inconveniences at length so great that Parliament—in my opinion very wisely —abolished the independent boards, merged them in the Ad miralty, and brought the whole business relating to the navy under one single authority. But the Navy Board and the Victualling Board were far more completely subordinate to the Admiralty than the various departments of the army are to the new Secretary of State. One of the army depart ments is presided over by a Cabinet Minister. You have a Secretary at War and a Secretary for War, both in the same Cabinet. Again, you have a Commander-in-Chief—a Minister of very considerable authority—who takes the pleasure of the Sovereign directly on business relating to his own department. You have, too, the Master-General of the Board of Ordnance possessing a very large independent au thority, and the same is the case with the Commissariat. It seems to me, therefore, that it was vain to expect that so cumbrous a machine would work with the necessary promp titude and vigour. I think it was easy to predict, from the commencement of the war, that a machine so constituted would not be found to answer. Unhappily, the anticipations to that effect which I entertained the moment I heard of the measure which was contemplated have been far more than fulfilled. I have only to point your attention to the calami tous events of the last few weeks and to the present position of our army in the Crimea in order to convince your lord ships how far this system has failed to provide for the satisfactory management of military affairs. I will not attempt feelings by describing the present posharrowitiyouronour ef lordships' the Crimea. I will not armyin attempt to go through any details of the various acts of the mismanagement to which that unhappy condition is attri-. butable. I wave any advantage I might obtain for my argu mentmh e by doing so, in order that I may spare your lordships andt I myself the v e imay pain d I Mean to diratlagatrist Me' system c a r obse rations w,hich . 4 as if they Wert" intended as personal censures upon incl , athe o risk i s d k w e e f l ling akninpgont much topics, and also iduals. It is suffi cient that I should assume that your lordthips are well ac quainted —indeed, who is there who is not well acquainted I —with the present state if the army in the Crimea ; and, knowing what that condition is, I would point out to you that the statements which have been made by'her Majesty's Government in their own defence afford the strongest and the most conclusiie - arguments in favour of that view of this subject which it is my object to press upon you. My lords, you will remember we have been told that ample stores of every description have been sent to the Crimea—that food and clothing and medicine, and everything required for the comfort and convenience of the s o ldiers , have been despatched in quantities ample, if not profuse—that mules and horses -have been bought for transport, and have been sent or have been ordered, with provender for their support, to the East. You have been told all this, and I have not the slightest doubt that you have been correctly informed ; but, though all this has been done, it is unfortunately but too certain that, owing to the defects of organisation—those defects the existence of which the noble duke very frankly acknowledged in the short session before Christmas—these supplies have not been available at the time and place where they were wanted, and because these supplies were not po available when and where they were required, our gallant army has been reduced to its present condition, its losses by sickness and death, brought on by fatigue and by want, infinitely out - numbering the losses occasioned by battle or by preventible diseases. We know this. It is acknowledged on all sides that from the want of organisation these unhappy conse quences have resulted. Then, let me ask, hew is it that errors having such fatal consequences have occurred I To that question, my lords, I am quite unable to return a oomplete answer, but I While we can form a very safe judo- , ment as to how these errors are, in part, at least, to be ac counted for. These mistakes—these errors, are, I think, the natural, if not the inevitable result of that complicated and cumbersome mode of administering business which has so long prevailed in this country. They are, indeed, the na tural and necessary - consequences of that cumbersome and Complicated system of transacting business. It is because you have had a Seeretaiy at War, a Commander-in-Chief, a Board of Ordnance, and a Commissariat Department, carry ing on a yolnminous correspondence with each other, with the other departments of the Government, and with the officers serving abroad, that, in such correspondence, the essentials of what was to be done have very 'often been lost sight if, and mistakes and errors hive taken place, and, when mis takes have not occurred, the most ordinary arragements haye only been effected with a 100 of time which, in war, is too often a loss of everything. I will not trouble your lordships with more than one or two instances of the mistakes to which I refer ; but although I am, anxious, as far as possible, to avoid torching upon particUlar errors and blunders, still, as an example of the working of the system, I think it is neces sary that I should mention one or two cases. One of those cases we have heard of for the first time this evening, and I certainly regard it as a very remarkable one. We have learnt, from the question of my ,noble friend on the cross benches, that an offer having been made to her Majesty's Go vernment by a most eminent engineer —Mr. Nasmyth—a man of European reputation, and the Government having deter mined to employ his great talents in manufacturing artillery of a certain description, while he MS in full work, meeting the requisition of the Government, the work was suddenly interrupted and suspended for, 1 belieye, as long a period as a fortnight, owing to memo misapprsia , ...-a, h a r.,-...... +1,.., ALP forent departments. (Hear.) I ,0 4d. too, the other day, in, the newspapers a correspondence With regard. to the supply of the army with candle stoves. A firm in this country— Price's Patent Candle Company—a firm known, not merely commercially, but for its success in what I may call one of the greatest philanthropic efforts ever made—(hear, hear) —see ing how grievously the army wt.s suffering for want of fuel, from mere patriotic motives sukgested to the Secretary at. War that it was very desirabli that a contrivance called " candle stoves," which was exfsemely portable, should be supplied for the use of the troops, and that thereby the great difficulty of carrying up heavier stoves from Balaklava might be surmounted. It seems that this suggestion or offer was Made to the Secretary at War'before Christmas ; it was at once entertained by him, and S#M referred to the Board of Ordnance. Mr. Price, or the company, was for a long time Without hearing from the board ; they complained through the public papers ; and the result was the publication of two etters which I cannot help reading, illustrating, as they do, the mode in which the present system works. The first is From the War-office, and is as follows : _ "War-office ' Jan. 3. " Sir,—l am directed by Mr. Sidney Herbert to thank you for the anxiety and zeal you have shown for the welfare of the pnblic service, but he regrets to say that he has no au thority to accept any tender—that must be done through the Ordna,ncq,Department ; and Mr. Herbert has requested that matter no delay should take place in coming to a decision on the " I am, Six, yours most obediently, " GEORGE D. RAMSAY." Well, I don't wonder that the Messrs. Price, having received that letter from the Secretary at War, thought they were quite safe in applying to the Ordnance, and that the neces sary authority was, at all events, to be obtained there. But it appears that these arrangements are so complicated that very often the heads of departments do not know wkat is the proper quarter to which' particular applications should be addressed ; for the following is the answer received from the Board of Ordnance " Ordnance, Jan. 18, 1855. W— 4,431. " Gentlemen,—With reference to your letter of the 13th inst., addressed to the Lioutenant-General of the Ordnance, requesting to know whether the Government is likely to require any, and what quantity, of your candle stoves for the use of the army in the Crimea, I have the board's com mands to acquaint you that they have no cognisance what ever of this subject, not any co mmun ication having been made to them respecting Messrs. P r i ce ' s s t ov es. They are, therefore, unable to give yoit the information you desire as ti the intention of the Government with regard to these stoves. " I am, Gentlemen, your obedient servant, " 3: Wooe." I really think that it is very remarkable that the Messrs. Price, being referred from one office to another in this man ner, did not give up the business altogether. They did not do so, however, but they wentnext to the War Department, and this is an account of what occurred when they went there :—. - " On receiving the Ordnance • letter we went to a third office—that of the Secretary of State for the War Department —to try if we could there get an answer to the tender. We found that it was under consideration, but that two difficul ties existed in the way of its acceptan ce first, that a num ber of ordinary stoves, with ordinary- fuel for them, had already been sent" out, so that Government was doubtful about sending any of these new ones except for some special purposes—such as warming camp hospitals ; and, secondly, Company's tender would be that in all hospital matters it Was necessary to consult the proper medical authority, and he had been ill, so that his re port had not yet been received, but was daily being looked r e e ad to be of any use at all. But Now, my lords, that was a matter which, if it were to be use ful at all, was to be useful in the shortest time. Candle stoves Messrse still evaiting.for a f a o n r s , w a e n r d ed on ” it being received our they should have been should have been sent out hythe quickest possible conveyance. the suggestion was made before Christmas ; and here I find, s A t s ee f l as ed t t a O s th th e de cision, and the subject still under consideration, and hung upon the 224 of January, up, while they are driven about like shuttledocks from one , if office to another, and, at last, waiting ecyricmoeual e g y o tw were until the director of the medical department is well enough to give an opinion upon it. R ea lly, this is an instance which is in itself an epitome of the 'result of the whole system. (Hear. ) I am sorry to go into these details, but those who have not themselves been concerned with the working of those depart ments cannot understand the question without having one or two of these particular instances brought before them. Take one more case —that with reference to which I asked a ques tion an evening or two of the noble duke. I asked whether it was true that the 9lst Regiment had been sent to the Cape and that the ship which ought to have brought it back had come home empty, because orders had not been sent to the general commanding on that statioe. The noble duke said that it was true, and he stated certain circumstances explain ing how it happened. Those circumstances were, that the noble duke had written to the nob!c viscount the Com mander-in-Chief, informing him that the regiment was to come home, and that he had also informed the Lieutenant- Governor of the Cape that it was to come home ; belt no de spatch had been written to the military authority at the Cape. The Lieutenant-Governor being a civilian, and having no authority over the troops, undoubtedly the general in com mand had a right to expect that a despatch would be ad dressed to him. (H ear .) Ido not express any opinion whether in the circumstances of the case he ought to have been satis fied with the information received through the Lieutenant- Governor or not. That is a question which it is quite unne cessary for me to enter on ; but this is particularly clear that it ought not to have been left to that chance. He ought to have had direct orders from his superiors in this country to forward the regiment. I see• exactly' how this arose—it was • precisely from that division of authority of which lam corn ' Plaining. The' no ble duke thought the noble viscount had written to order the regiment home, and the noble viscount, , upon his side, believed that the noble duke had given orders. Viscount HARDINGE---Orders were given. - Earl GREY continued —The noble viscount says, that orders had been given ; but in 'all official correspondence l have always found it most strongly insisted that orders to military -authorities were not to go through civil authorities, and that when there is a civil governor of a colony orders for the removal of a regiment should be addressed not only to him but also to the officer in command. (Hear, hear.) That is a rule which I, in my experience, never knew departed from, and, when I bad the honour of holding the office of Secretary of State for the polonies, certainly if I had departed from it I should have had a remonstrance of a kind which I should by no means have liked to receive from the then Com mander-in-Chief, the Duke of Wellington—(hear, hear)—and a very just remonstrance it would have been. Viscount HARDINGE—Perhaps it will save time if I state what the facts were. Precise orders did go out from my noble friend the Secretary of State for the War Department. lapse orders were precisely that the 91st Regiment was to re turn to England. The lientenant-governor and the general commanding conferred together upon the propriety of that order. It appeared that there were 300 men ander the estab lishment of 5,000 which it was thought prudent to maintain in the eolony; and, in consequence of the concurrent opinion of the lieutenant-governor, who received the order from the Secretary of State, and of the general commanding, it was decided that the 91st Regiment ought not to return. These are the real facts of the case. Earl GREY—I can only say, that if I made a mistake I was led into it by the answer of the noble duke the other day ; because I appeal to your lordships whether he did not distinctly state that I was correctly informed, and that the reason why the regiment was not sent home was because the military authority at the Cape had received no direct orders himself ? (Hear, hear.) Therefore, if I have made a mistake I can only say that I am not r sponsible for it. Now, see how this has worked upon the public service. You have not only incurred the unnecessary expense of the ship coming home empty, but you wanted that regiment urgently for the war in the East. A very fine regiment, which had gone through the Caffre war, and consisted of trained and disciplined soldiers, was worth—l need not inform your lordships—two or three times the number of freshly raised Men from this country, whom alone you could otherwise have sent. But you have by this mistake between the departments —a mistake, I say, directly arising from the multiplication of unnecessary authorities—been deprived of the services of that regiment which were so much required. Viscount HARDINGE was understood to say that his order had not gone to the Cape, but that the order of the Secretary of State was quite sufficient to have warranted the sending home of the regiment. In consequence of the state of the colony, however, at that 'ouorwt, and the arrangement be fore entered into that there shoUld not be less than 5,G06 men in that colony, the lieutenant-governor and the officer com manding both determined that the regiment ought not to be sent home. Earl GREY continued—That is my case. The military authority at the Cape did not receive direct orders from the Commander-in-Chief because the order of the Secretary of State was sufficient, Viscount HARDLNGE again rose, but being met by cries of " Order" he resumed his seat. Earl GREY—The noble viscount will excuse me, but I think that he had better comment upon this afterwards, in stead of interrupting me in the progress of my address. My lords, I say that mistakes of this kind have had a most mate rial and most unfortunate influence upon the progress of our arms in the Fist; but it is an act of justice which I am glad to pay to her Majesty's Government—even if it were not ne cessary to my argument, of which, however, it is a most essential part—it is, I say, an act of common justice to her Majesty's Government to observe that the want of success which we have experienced in the East is to be accounted for not merely by errors which have been committed since the commencement of the war, but by errors of much longer standing--errors in the management of the army which no Government for many years past has been able to avoid—errors of at least as long standing as from the commencement of the general peace in 1815. (Hear, hear.) My lords, I say that it is to errors in the administration of the army of that long standing that a great part of our misfortunes are to be attributed ; and I think I shall be easily able to convince your lordships that that is a correct statement. In the first place, let me ask you, is there any man who does not feel that the want of success in the East has been in no slight degree attributable to the deficiency which has existed of officers of rank and experience who are at the same time of such an age as to make them efficient iu the field ? Has not the want of a sufficiently wide field of selection for general officers to be employed in the Crimea been one great difficulty with which her Majesty's Government have had to contend ? Does any man doubt that ? If not, let me ask how that deficiency is to be accounted for It is to be accounted for by the cir cumstance that during a long peace, in spite of many remon strances, you have adhered obstinately to that system of promotion to the rank of general officer by seniority—and not by seniority alone, for, although I think that it would be absurd to expect by mere seniority to get general officers, even if confined to officers who were actually serving, our system is infinitely more absurd than that. A man rises to be a general officer not by serving, but by simply living upon half-pay. After ho has once attained to the rank of lieutenant-colonel, under certain circumstances, he then, without doing another day's duty, and fit or unfit, rises by seniority alone to the rank of a general officer, and is the only way in which he can obtain that rank. Let me show you the consequence. I had the honour, of serving last spring upon a commission of inquiry, and it was proved by the papers placed before that commission, and it is stated in our report, that of the general officers employed during the last 2a years more than half had been aboveen years out of active employment ill their profession previous to being op pointed to the staff as general officers—that many had been for periods exceeding 20 years unemployed—and that in one case an officer actually had done no military duty of any description for very' nearly 27 years before he was so em ployed. Now, my lords, I wish to ask you whether you can .....0--eseefene of general officers, to have them efficient ? Can you expect that during peace, even an the important functions which general officers have to per form in maintaining the efficiency of the army, by inspecting regiments, and seeing that on distant stations, and at the various garrisons, discipline is properly maintained—do you think it posiible, I ask, however excellent an officer a man may have been in early life b that one who has been 37 years out of the exercise of his profession, and who is appointed because he has outlived all his contemporaries, can perform efficiently, even in peace, the duties of a general officer? You will find also, my lords, from the report of the commission, that the actual average age of the major-generals appointed at the last brevet under that system was no less, than 60. My lords, I say that the consequenee is that it is actually impossible under this system that you should have any num ber of officers who have seen service in the rank in which you want to employ them, and upon whom, being at.the same time of a suitable age, you could depend for service in the Crimea. The measures of the Government have, I am sure, been restricted by this system in a manner which must be most painful to them, and at the same time it has had no slight effect in producing those consequences which we so deeply deplore. Then, let me ask you whether the instructions of our army during peace is what it ought to have been in order to prepare it for war ? Let me remind you that it is only about two years since that you formed your first establish ment for teaching, with anything like a system, the use of improved fire-arms to the troops. The French had had esta blishments of that kind, in which the use of tho Minie rifle was taught upon a most admirable plan and with the utmost care, for years. The deficiency was over and over again pointed out; but it is only two years or two years and a-hale since such an establishment was firmed for our own army. But, more than that—l have it upon the authority of the noble viscount himself—that he has ascertained - that one bat talion of our Guards, which ought to be one of our bust, and almost a model regiment, had actually never had any ball practice for a space of three years. My lords, that was the manner in which the use of arms was taught to your troops. But, is it merely the use of their arms on drill —is it the mere knowledge of these things which makes a good soldier or a good officer? Ought he not to know something more than that ? Ought he not to know how to perform outpost duty, hew to take advantage of all the acci dents of the ground for offence and defence, how to construct small works for similar purposes, how to build hats for his own shelter of such rude materials as are to be found wher ever warlike operations are to be carried on ? Ought he not to know all the best modern contrivances for _facilitating labour and for employing the joint efforts of largo bodies of men with most effect in the prosecution of any work to be carried out? Ought Rot all these things to bo taught to both officers and men? It is quite clear that instructions of this kind would have been of the very highest value to our men in the East. I think it was Napoleon who said that, in all the armies of Europe there was a great deficiency in this respect, even in his day, and that they had much to learn in compa rison to the Romans, where in every legion the men were taught the use of trenching tools as well as of their weapons before they were considered to be available soldiers; and Napoleon, I think, said that, with au army of that sort, a good general would fight as much with the spade as with the , musket. How deeply has the want of this kind of instruc tion been felt in our army, and how much is it's inferiority in some respects to the French army to be attributed to a defi ciency of knowledge of this part of the business of a soldier ? Why have they not known it? Simply because no attempt has ever been made to teach them. There has never been anything like a systematic attempt to teach tour officers and men that .most necessary and most important part of their duty as soldiers. Would there have been any difficulty in teaching them? Far from it. There is no reason why every soldier in the British army should not be as wall instructed as the Sappers and Miners. I answer for - it that, in a long peace, with proper arrangements, there would not be the slightest difficulty in devising means by which every single soldier in the British army, before he took his place in the ranks, should have gone through a perfect system of instrue- I tion of this kind. Look at the indirect advantages which would have arisen from it. In the first place, wo know now that the soldier, if he gets tired of a military life and buys his discharge, has often great difficulty in main taining himself, owing to his understanding., no useful de scription of labour. The Sappers and Miners, on the con trary, are so useful iu civil life that it is actually difficult for the Government to keep them—there are sucli constant at tempts to bribe them out of the service by persons who know how valuable they would be in any employmerit to which they might be turned. That instruction, thetefore, costing nothing, would have led to a vast improvement in the soldier after his discharge. Nor is that all. There is another indi rect advantage which would have arisen of not less import ance. I believe that nothing would have so much contri buted to improve the British army as to have occupied some of their spare time by some useful employment of this kind. My lords, forced idleness and tedium have been the curses of the army. It is those which have driven your soldiers into those acts of drinking which have be en the opprobrium of our service—which I am happy to say are now greatly diminished, although they still continue to a great extent. It is those which have driven your young officers into those irregula rities, of which some painful exposures have lately taken place. My lords, I don't blame those young officers. Young men cannot be-expected to cubmit to what are often very dry, and apparently uninteresting studies, with no im mediate result. If they have not some stimulus to it, and if they know that it will not have the smallest influence upon their promotion, how can you expect young men to devote themselves to studies of that description ? There 'would have been no difficulty in requiring that a competent knowledge of the scientific as well as of the practical part of their profession should be a necessary qualification for officers to obtain promotion. There would have been no difficulty' in making them feel that those who took great pains and acquired all this sort of knowledge would advance their chances of promotion ; but I know that the opinion in the army has been that such was not the effect of such studies, I have myself heard the remark made by officers—" Why. should we take the trouble to instruct ourselves and get the highest place at Sandhurst, when we know that distinguishing ourselves in that way will not advance us at all, if it does not rather create a prejudice against us ?" I firmly believe that they were wrong in that impression; but I cannot deny that I have heard men say, that it would even create a prejudice against them, and would make them be regarded rather as what are called " book-men" than as 3 1,61 i10 eo , d ell v iy , j o ° lo InC 4 btr.fr ll , fo r ti es. o f spot, ;; 2 o fr,i ,1.0",ty 01 Cl ° 0 o fl