The Sun. — London, England, 1849-07-18 00:00:00

money. c Tis pro )113 the country svcre rvn;el , o o eircux - Io.W ieration :ere vras lied to m ethod The half tantli of . 0 ready 'ds they ith the bed to tlonlant by the lilted to 'd when .E) know I remit- a power for anl I reraa- iuestion I eagle which It rates Mentors aw, and punish lave,i f in this ad boo urn ble no very . e close to cpe' e Ev a Cool' :R said NIES. the in p nny offices n th e high inten se of should of the 11 Bath from !lowing eners l vithout ACtS attrik o .r Dun tes for %se of Glas- Colt• nes ill had worked favourably, and he begged him to forego his °Pinion on this occasion, and give leave to bring in this Bill. The case of other labourers might be consi• ti er ed when they came forward. lie thought it would have a bad e ff ect to take from these poor people all hope. Th e number with their families, in the metrop.dis, was about five and twenty thousthel. He did not think that interference would be hicompatitde with the spirit and g e n ve ius of th e i r f ree i nst i tut i ons. They should, at a ll :nts, see wh e th er something could not be done to re 'me„,,(lY the e v il s o f wh i ch they complained, e r. COBDEN sa i l that, to ask the House to fi x t h e eo ai urs of labour of adult persons, was asking them to "'IS a new principle. The principle of the Coalwhip- Pen Bill was the amount of labour, not the time spent u p on it• His p r i nc i p l e was per f ect f ree d om o f l a b our , as h - the trad e of corn and everything else. There was :rnredleye.a o trade that co u ld no t b e p rove d t o be noxious to .! °r ne extent. If they begun with the principle of inter n this subjnet, there was no knowing where it would end. The principle they were asked to sanction 7as nothing but communism. It had been tried in Paris a f lst Year, and the workine classes were doomed to severe ,I,3aPpointment from the failure of this attempt. Louis 'Tale had sat in the Lexemburg, and invited all the shoemakers and tailors, and the mass of the operatives, lode wo rk; and what was the resnit? A bloody revo rn, arising mainly from the misery and disap atnent it occasioned. The attempt would assuredly ,all in this country now, for the grievanc.-s of these ba kers. If theirgrievances were so great, why did so many W of them come so far from the north to undergo them? h as not leave th e tra d e to t h e L o ndoners ? He Irsed he l oo k e d w i th susp i c i on upon th ese cone -3,,ltints. He should vote against the principle of at conzttriy.inL to manaee the aff a irs of adult males in this Hear.) He warned the House against the consequences that would follow from the attempt to !, I _9t r upon this principle. It would not only end in uvrlal:pointment, but in making the condition of the lu g Classes worse than it was now.—ear.) Sir. G. GREY said that they had opposed the ap :intment of a Committee of Ingniry, because to grant it tiedntlid be encouraging delusive hopes, and because they ee alread Y a mass of information on this subject before th e ,. lio nse• If they sanctioned this principle once, e Was no limit to the extent to which it might be carried. Lord ROBERT GROSVENOR said that as the Go- Zernm en t veld out no hope of its assistance, it would be aught really go to a division, that these poor people a r e ht really see who were their friends in that House.— frat.) In every instance in which they had deviated om the principle so much denounced, it had been fol- Owed by unmixed good, and he felt convinced that the Sanction of a deviation in the instance of the bakers, tould be followed by equally beneficial consequences. 'L le sho u ld persevere in this motion, i n order that the bakers might see what chances they had of success. The House then divided, when there appeared— For leave to bring in the Bill le Against it ... ..• •• ••• 77 Maj, , rity against the Bill ... —5B SMITHFIELD MARKET. Mr. MACKINNON rose to call the attention of the Rouse to the report of the Committee on Smithfield market. In the few words he had to state he trusted that he should have indulgencethe ,tlti th e first place, he wi shedto that: he did H dld'uusoe' I t s,e I n c the office of chairman o ' f the Committee. Two distin guished Members of the House having declined to take up the question, the duty took it . I n nam i ng a Comm!te ~ 641 tip.oiral.limh'eans'ellehceteduenidgehrt iembers of the Committee who sat inquiryu h pon fe t l h t e aii 1 847, and as many other gentlemen7_ who felt public health in the que-tion merely as it concern d interest e nd conveni ence , b ut w h o h a d no personal what ever in th e removal of Smithfield market. interest was thought by He thought it right clistinetly ti sta e , t h a t it tome parties that this question was brought forward wi th a vi ew to peculiar interests. On behalf of himself end the Committee he most distinctly and po,itively rebutted that charge. Not one of , and th erefore he thought he might them hid any interest as to the site of a" fornevi he t k. claim report t h e credit of being the unbiassed re , nelusiort 0 , 15 honest and honourable men. He would lIOW, in a very few words, state to the House the nature of that report. It was, in brief, that Smithfield reerket ayes de ficient in size, inconvenient in accommodation, and badly tt.)ell'lVilhdere athe therefore it ought to be al) dished —(Hear, Committe e l eft entirely in the bands of her M ijesty'e new market should be established the kiniaters. He was happy to state that the motion he tas about to mak e was sanctioned by public opini e . Re had been gratified that day by seeing, in what the ou• Me m b er for Sheffield called th e " treat Bude light °I public o pinion"—th e li mes—in article strongly eendemnstory of the continuance of the market. At the tee moment, when we had the cholera amongst us, tut, importance of the que-tion would be admitted. It w,as n Hitt much h ow a few thousands might be pro butchers meat, buttthere most, b ut how two millions of her Znortc' Y s subjects might be kept in health. The of the Committee was to the effect that in the fi r " c•ern Place the arena of Smithfield market was too con eliecefor li ed It was a singular fact that it had been in exist much more five h undredyear . s, and even at the commence- Wa4 objected to as insufficient, flow s° now, when the population was tenfold greater ! One of the objections to the removal of the market would be t s hat the P teo/ -orporation of London would lose between e ° t - ,.„, - a nd 6 ,0001. of yearly revenue. He did not see b - -as any objection, because that amount easilymight . the b e e mad° uP by giving them a share in the tolls tested on th beasts sent to the new market; besides which, though ke,„P°,tonaittee recommended that a square sheuld be nruclear on the site of the present market, yet the large 4 11, deal houses that might be built on that square, atetild also tend to compensate the City for any loss. To .."ow the i nsufficiency of space it was only necessary to '1'4,4, that in 1731 the total number of cattle a le e n e to market during the year was tit,ttc7-; whereas, in 1846. there was 310,000 h of cattle, and 1,600.000 sheep; that, he t e -cn ight, was conclusive as to the insufficiency of the area_ T._ A In 1828 a Committee reported against it on this ;t eat But besides this objection, the market created - L a t injury to the grazier, to the public, and to the - ' h er. It created au injury to the grazier, because he The ~..e n tild not superintend the sale of his own cattle, -eornent th tied 'Y arrived a • ' h d • d t Smithfield they were placed at osal of a salesman, and considering t e epresse Me 01 he agricultural interest at the present time, that 4 ' 4 '4 be considered a great grievance. It would be a devry great a d vantage to the grazier if he could have the V , omit of his own cattle. That conclusion was s upported by the evidence of many persons practically e equinted with the subject, all of whom agreed that tinder th e p resent system it was impossible for the owner to sell his cattle at his own valuation. He moat take what the salesman gave him. Great as this inconvenience and loss might b to the payers. t e he was of opinion was health of the publicof tenfold greaterimportance. Professor Owen gave as Ovid. nee that th e c i rcumstances Under which animals were driven to marker,.. il a t,.. n i d i t t i h i e m ay a le e • in which they were s laughtered, w as ca•ea i t, Putrify much sooner than it would otherwise do, arid 1 t nat it was consequently most unerhaleseure. The Pro foe -or sa id that there was no country in the world W here so mu c h p a i ns wits ta k en to b r i ng a superior e,:•4-) we ere to the ket, and none wh en b roug h t t h ere was . ,r -ill ina used. One of the results was, that cancer was e tn neh mor e f requent among ihe lower c la s s e s t h an a t an y lertner p o. eriod. H e did not un d ervalue the imp irance of drainage, but ur g ed t h e necessity C the meat atati g h tered at Smithfield was a muter that ought to be considered in connexion with public health. Another Point, though of less imeortance, we the driving of the annelids through the szreets ou the Sunday evening, lanßdanger the desecration of the Lord's•day, besides the er to life and limb which arose from the practice. At this moment Smithfield was most unhealthy, from the ,n,°xieus vapours arising from the slaughter-houses in rat vicinity ; though naturally, he believed, that as it ; s a y on a rising ground, it was very healthy. They j'",.._al also evidence to show that it was a source of loss a n e 'l h iejury to the butchers; and if it was so, and also, as d shown, injurious to the graziers, who paid for it inthe g run ? Why the public had to pay for it in an enhanceder price of meat. The mode in which the animals t_leasoo great emelt wee meat, dfrawn into a ring to economise space was produe- Y, and this, though no very strong rtiou nforothe r emoval of the market, was a considers • cattle not t be lost si ht f The large number of foreign g o . and shoe:ip which were now imported, many of which, esn pox and other the sheep, were infected with small greate er diseases, formed another reason why ..._ ma r space should be given for the market , It was, were`n .n .y cats, impossible to tell whether these animals obese ac',Beased or not, and when they were driven into thee_flua,sc.k. of. '2,000 lose pens, they and clean sheep. He knew of which was thus infected. Say what atto Y e. might ain favour of S mithfield -market, it was a nui to,,,er,!. a,nd, er far from the corporation of the city of benefit losing by its removal, he believed they would _ 0 nt by it, He of the corporation was unreal 11;a.onhaltseir in favour of ita rem oval.—(Aldernsan Sidney— .., .•).. Re understood the Aldermen were so. 4-tr, Alderman SIDNEY reminded the Hon. Gentle itT,!), that the .Common Council represented the Corpora 'e.l•_. of the city of London. —(Laughter.) Fu'raAld ermen, MACKINNON only referred to the Court of len. At all e vents, there could be no doubt that ~7.centuies it had an abomination .—(Hear.) He 15wiel:ied it was only new maintained by a collusion be t_ it, the salesmen and other parties who were interested a 1 , and by that timeeans meat was made at least 2d. a pound dearer than ould otherwise be It was curious that the market had been for centuries . the scene of in tolerance and cruelty. Ignorr!nce.had supplied witches and religious bigotry its victims in S ithf - rket —(Hear.) The subject wmaeszeer as ield Smithfield - market. . too important to be left in the hands of a private m it zt t is iv o h n i v ah wh ah ic o h could ldi only be dealt with by the Govern his opinion, issue a commissi on t o innv:,stigate thetiwt;ole subject, and decide where the site of markets Should be, and whether there should be one ew Or ra t With other questions ineidentallyconneetedwevoithin hfauture, sect. It had been suggested to him that the slaugthtesrllinbz ef cattle could be carried on by machinery, and the an i . d eprived zr existence without being subjected to all m the Pain and brutality which characterised the existing 'Pone He thought the plan recommended a , ; Ind tak en i n conjunction with the establishmen of d o ne publi c abattoirs, would be productive of great benefit. I n th e event of this taking place the price of butchers' meat W ould fall, and the quality of the meat sold to the puhlic Weald be more wholesome. The motion which he pro- Posed submitting was, that a respectful address be pre seined to her Majesty, praying that the report of the seined to Committee be taken into early and serious consideration. Mr. 0. GORE seconded the motion. LiNtr. OSBORNE regretted that the Hon. Gentleman, 'Ft tead of bringiug f Twerd the p - esent run!ion, teed net Perievercel with Ili, Ili'i er ti.o ',:irvli." • - • -.' ' ' .L1‘..1 .J 1 ~ 1, L.l .. LeC%,4,11', •W,, ich 14 i. . e eeice!!e: 4 -0f...! In:-.1: . - ir --` 'nu be proved that the , present position ot Stnithheiee tillClttet interfered seriously with the public health, then Kought a case had been made out that the Govern ment should interfere. The U. Gentleman's speech. however. did not, in his opinion, meke out the case. Indeed the ..peech was not borne out by the evideece taken before the Committee. The Honourable Gentle man did wisely iti abstaining from reading passages in the report, b, cause he must he aware that the great proportion of thii evidence is directly against the hsser tions that he had made. Upwards of seven . mtlll. , ne of money turned in Smithfield-market, arid before they interfered with so large an amount of property he thought a cool c•ise at least ought to be made Out. (Hear.) It was all very fine for some old ladies to ask the Hen. Member as a friend to his species to come doWn to Parliament and ask the Government to remove Smithfield-market, because the ten parties on their se cond fl•ears had been disturbed by the intrusion of so me bullocks; but the experience of the butchers, graz era, and medical meat, directly showed that the market wes neither injurious to public health nor ineonvetiiees. With the exception of Dr. Govin, all the medical men examined before the Committee stet- d that the position of the market was peculiarly healthy. There had been only one case of cholera in 1832. Dr. Govin was the solitary doctor who contended for its unhealthiness, while Dr. F irtesque, Dr. Lancaster, Dr. Lynch, Dr. Burrowes, Mr. Lawrence, and the Hon. Mr. 13yeg, as well as the inspector of sewers, gave it as their opi nion that the 1 icality was peculiarly healthy—that the wide open space was most beneficial to the city of London, and cu: ducive to the public health. They had four to one in favour of Smithfield-market thus verifying the adaee that doctors differed. Out of the 6,480 questions asked by the Committee in the course of their isiquiry, no less than 5,000 of the owners were favourable to the continuance of the market. The question of health then fell to the ground, for there was not one word in the report about the public health. The movement on the part of those who thought with the Hen. Gentleman was nothing more or less than an English pull at the Exchequer. The city of London received about 5,0001. per annum from the market; and, of course, if the market were abelisheel, the ground would become valuable for building purposes. Ie order to prevent the site being converted to such a use, what a large sum would not the Consolidated Fund be called on to lay out for its purchase! It became the House, when they considered carefully the state of the finances, to reflect how far a private Member of Parliament was justified in calling on the Government to expend a sum of money in the purchase of a site which was not in jurious to the health. Besides the medical gentlemen whose names he had mentioned as being favourable to the continuaece of Smithfield-market, he might mention that Dr. Conqu-st had given evidence to the eff-ct that there was not a more healthy district in London, or one less affected with either fever or chotere. When the Hon. Gentleman talked of tea parties on the first floor being disturbed by the intrusion of bullocks, he wished he would move for a return of those intrusions.—(A laugh.) Mr. Payneethe City Coroner, a gentleman well known and highly respected, had given evidence, in the course of which he stated that during seven years he had held but two inquests on persons trampled to death by bul locks, but those deaths would have occurred, in all pro bability, no matter where the market was situated. Did the r-1 1 Hon. nee aetnan mein to tell him that the small pox in sheep had beeu brought on by the confined see of Smithfield? It so, why were rant. the bullocks elf,. ted? The lion. Gentleman did net suppose that th-y could Out each bleep into a loose box. If he thought so, the Governme-nt certainly would have enough to do in fur nishing loose boxes. Alderman SIDNEY thought the difficulties or the mere removal of Smithfield-market, and the nimpeesetieti 'or that removal was the miter queetion in that. debate. The value of the market was not in the to is paid to the city of L indon; but in the commeieie brought to an immense amount to the market. — (Hear, hear.) The value of cattle sold in Smithfield.. market was esthierted between seven and eight mil lions annually. Upon what grounds, he wished to know, should the Reuse interfere with the channel of c meree se extimaive ui its nature as that of the Smith field market. If they determined that Smitefield mar ket was to be closed as a market, then he teought they were bound to see the vested interests of the Corpora tion pertected. Tee lioese paid the C irp oration of London a p•ior compliment in wasting their tine diseus sing the present qu titian. The Corporation had already entertained the question without prejudiced views, and out of 226 Meeibers, of which the Corporation con s;eterl. only 12 were in favour of the removal of Smith fi •hl market. • Sir DE LACY EVANS said there had been a &al of lost labour in the forming of the Committee, and something, he thought, very like r ackin g , and a desire to exclude certain Honourable Members from sitting upon it. He could riot see on what principle that should be done. He himself had been excluded from it. Under such circumstances, it could only be concluded that they (the Committee) had made up their minds upon the subj ca—(Hear, hear.) The great ground urged against Smithfield was, that it was not adequately large enough for the purpose. He thought, however, the statement that had been made, that the Corporation of London were resolved to make it s e, met that objection. In the event of Smithfield being removed, they had to recollect that c-Imp , nsation would be demanded, and he was told that one of the very first items the Chancellor of the Exchequer would have to put down, would be 100.0001 compensation for the retrieval of Smi'litield market.—(Hear, hear.) His Hon. Friend had said that he did not mean to interfere with private slaughter houses; and yet he at the same time pro nosed to re move Smithfield, while he allowed the nuisance of the private slaughter-houses to remain. There could be eo doubt that the Corporation of London would make a claim for compensation, and that point was one which should be taken into consideration. It seemed that toe public would not go to Islington-market, and now au attempt was made to make them.—(Hear, hear.) Hav ing been prevented sitting on the Committee, he had risen to make the few observations he had addressed to the House on the subject. Sir EDMUND FIL HER said that when he took his seat upon the Committee he had endeavoured to do his duty. The question among the witnesses was not se !much as to the propriety of removing Smithfield-market as that of rival perties cutting against each other. It was six of one and half-a-diasn of the other—and one could never know what they were driving at.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) He was persuaded it could not be othefavise wah their Committees unless they had power, as the Cornmittr es in another place had, of taking the evidence upon oath.--(Hear. he ar .) L trd RoaEwr GROSVENOR said that there were in the neighbourhood of Smithfield market knaekers'- yards, bone-burning establistneets, and nuisances of such a character which he thought were more injurious to the health of the inhabitants than eveu the meeker asele—(lleer, hear.) The evidence went to prove that the market was too small, and that there was no room to enlarge it sufficiently to meet the demands of the popu lation. As ti the question of compensatio n , he denied that Smithfield was orodueing any profit tadequate to entitle the Corporation to compensation. He thought also that the inhabitants of the neighbourhood were not entitled noon any just grounds to compensation.—( Hear, heir.) He was very sorry that any individual etiould. suffer loss, but it, changes and improvements of the kind contemplate I, individual losses could not possibly be prevented The Corporation of London hail a clam over . over the market within seven milt s ot St. Paul's, and he was quite willies that the Cerparation should have the tnanegeruent of the 11.-W weskit , . His opinion was, that a Comusiseion should be nppoitred to a. r where a pro per rite could be obtained. eotaideting ihst till the eveiente went to show that Smithfield never could be treacle a suiteble market, he conceived that a (Ji minis. *ion should be appointed in concert with that Cerpora• tion, and he thought an arrangement might be made setisfacory to all psi tie , . Mr. B. OiBORNE loss to explain, and said with re ference to what had been stand by his Noble Celleague (Lord R. Grosvenor) as to the income of the Corpora Lion for Smithfield—he (Mr. Osborne) held in his haul a return according to which it appeared that the incense of the Corporatism for Smithfield-market, in 1848 was 5,6411. 9s. 101.—(Hear, hear.) Lord H. GROSVENOR said he was still of opinion that if everything was taken into account the Corporation of London did not receive one shilling of income from Smithfield-marker,—( Hear, hear.) Mr, AUGUS FITS STAFFORD said the question as to the effects of the market upon the sanatory c .ndition of the neighbourhood had been sufficiently established. He thought many of the qiestions and answers might fairly be termed superfluous, and that the report had been unnecessarily swelled out in consequence. It was to be observed that every year the supply of dead meat brought into London was largelyinereaeed, and that fact had not been taken into account. It was stated in one of the resolutions that it was desirable that one great cattle-market only should exist in London, and that re gard should be paid to have it near to a great railway terminus. But he would remark that as it was proposed not to touch private slaughter-houses, the evil complained of by the existence of the market of Smithfield would not be remedied by its removal, if private slaughter-houses were still to be permitted to remain. He believed that only a very few butchers in London were in favour of the removal, He believed also that years ago the market at Islington had been opened, and as ample space had been provided it was thought that the butchers would flock to it. A flaraitig prospectus had been issued, and among the names of the patrons he found that of William Mackinnon, m.l-3, —(Hear.) But notwithstanding all that had been provided, notwithstanding the fteming prospectus, notwithstanding that his I lonouraale Friend the Chairman of the Smithfield market Committee (Hr. Mackinnon) figured as one of the trustees and honorary directors, the butchers had not flocked to this new market, and Smithfield had not been ruined as had been staid. pated.—(Hear ) In regard to the cruelty part of the question, it was said, that tying up cattle ih ring grooves} as was down in Smithfield, was en set df ace et cruelty ; but it was the facts that ifteMe cattle would not stand anywhere else, and besides, Vie system was not now nearly so much practised as it was wont to lee. Sheep had been alluded to, and the cruelty practised to them; but in the case referred to the sheep did hot eatcii the disease in the market, for they had contracted it before they came therO. No doubt there were cases in which cruelty was exercised, but he enneideted that where there were se many esttle it would be dttßcult to avoid some cases of cruelty, and he did not see how in some in• stances, they could be avoided. The cruelties perpetrated in sueterranesn slaughter-houses, and the question as to the bone -burners and tripe•trimmers, they had nothing tO do with. They might be put down by legislative enactment at present, but none of the parties who owned these had ever been brought before a magistrate under the Removal of Nuisances Act that he had ever heard of; nor had any comp l a i nt ever been preferred against them. One point h a d not bean alluded to during the debate, and w . hich he tanuelit important. Smith field was now used, ~a , temeel e reba, eeteet, es a transit marker. Ceitle .. ..,:fleifi tee tae reei ways from the setecaltueel dio o.)-c ~i" ti :fig tr:,:eqe.rc d to other rh,, tri ,, s, s „ 1 Viet a continual transfer toek place from the south to the north side of the water, and in that resPeOt li large buss was now carried oa. In that. 'UHF SUN, LONDON, WEDNI4:,'SnAY EVENING, JULY 18, 1849 must protest against the supineness of those charged With the Government. Die remaining-clauses were agreed to, and the House resuincd—to reported on Thursday next. The Administration of Justice (Vancouver's Island) Bill went throuch Committee, and was reported without amendment. Tie New Z-sland Land Conveyances Bill also went thrw , ah CommitT,e ADJOURNED DEBATE ON RE COMMITTAL. Mr. REYN , !LDS moved the re•uummittal of the At tachments, Courts of Record (Ireland) Bill vu Thursday The Hue arljournf'd nt 11.11r.pair One o'clock. PARLIAMEN TAR Y DI VISIONS. HOUSE OF LORDS, JULY 16 ' POOR RELIEF (IRELAND) BILL. MINORITY AGAINST THE •' MAXIMUM CLAUSE.'" MARQUISES. Nelson BARONS. 3alisb.iry Orkney Colchester Drogheda Powis Crofton Sligo Rosso Clarina :EARLS. Stradbroke De Hos Courtoua Sheffield Downes Clare Wicklow Farnham DartVey Warwick Hawartleu Desart VISCOUNT. 3tonteagle Fitzwilliam Strangford Redesdale Kingston BARONS. WillOug IV d'Eresby [Actin Stanley Wharneliffe Malmesbuiy Blayney Beaumont (From the Votes and Proceedings ,f the House rf Commons./ TUESDAY, JULY 17. SMALL DEBTS ACT AMENDMENT BILL. (IN THE COMMITTEE.) Clause 'Xi (Compensation to Officers of abolished Courts)• Question put, " That Clause 20 stand part of the Bill." the Committee divided : MAJORITY—AYES, 52. MINORITY—NOES, 2. Heyworth, Lawrence TELLERS. Wawa, J. T. Stuart, Lord D. Evans, J. BAKING TRADE. Motion made, and Question put, " That leave be given to bring in a Bill to prohibit labour in Bakehouses during certain hours of the night." The House divided:— MINORITY-AYES, 19. Ashley, Lord Hervey, Lord A. Power, Dr. Berkeley, Henry F. Jollitle, Sir W. H. Sheridan, R. B. Denison, J. E. Law, C. E. Stuart, Lord D. Duncan, t,eorge Lushington. Charles East, Sir J. Meagh,r, l'hoinas Evans, Sir De Lacy Ni orris, David TILLZIIB. ragan, William O'Connell, John Grosvenor, Lord R. Frewen, C. H. Pechell. Captain Stafford, A. MAJORITY-NOES, 77. Abdy. T. N. Ellis, John Parker. John Anson, Colonel Ferguson, Sir R. Patten, W. Armstrong, Sir A. Graham, Sir J. Pilkington, James Armstrong, R. B. Grey, Sir George Richards. Richard Baring, H. B. Harris, Richard Rotbuck, J. A. Baring, Sir F. thistle, Alexander Russell, Lord J. Berkeley, Captain Ilayter, W. G. Sadleir, John Blackall, S. W. Heald, James St. George, Chris. Blair, Stephen Henry, Alexander Salwey, Colonel Bright, .John Heyworth, L. Seymour, Sir H. Brotherton, J. Ilill, Lord E. Sidney, Alderman Brown, W. Horsman, E. Somerville, Sir W. Burke, ,it Thomas Kershaw, James Sotheton, T. H. S. Campbell, W. F. Labouchcre, Henry Thompson, Colonel Carew, ,V. P. Lacy, ii. C. Thornely, T. Childers, J. W. Lasceiles, W. S. Tutliell. H. Clerk Sir George Lewis, G. C. Vane, Lord H. Cobden, R. Mackinnon, W. IValiusley, Sir 1. Coles, Henry B. Masterman, John Watkins, Colonel Corbally, H. E. Melgund, Viscount Wawn, J. T. Cunitt, William Mitchell, T. A. Wilson, James Dodd, George Moore, G. IL Wodehouse, E. Douglas, Sir C. Mowatt, Francis Wood, Sir Charles Drummond, henry Mußings, J. R. __. . Duck worth, Sir J. Nichol', John TELLERS. Dundas, Sir David Norreys, Sir D. Dunne, 1 Hill. Lord Marcus Colon. Ogle, S. C. Boyle, Colonel TO THE SECKETARY OF THE E r FO LI rA N REFO lot ASSOt 'IA LION. Str,—On Monda) the 16Ln, the Member tor Oxforo brought ua his motion for retrenching the salari. a of al• placetnee, to the letter-carri.rs at twelve strltings a week inclusive. Having corn:nerved on a parallel inuttot, ~n a torin,r occasion, there is less necessity for entering 4 .t large on this. The grounds stated for the motion ware, that th, late comme •cial gisla'ion of the country (meaoing the removal of the Corn-Laws) hail produced -distress," that there had been "impoverishing mew ,ures," involving all classes of the community " in a cominon Late;" anal to this the House of Comm ma it, general, and the Free.Trad,rs in particular, were itiviten to set their names and seals by appe 'ring in the di vision list as young for the motion. The Free-Traders, or those who take the lead as such, put forward som declarations of what they would du when the motion o' the Moniber fur Oxford was carried; but in tht ineantime they would put their names to the motion, the probability being, as everybody knew and a , the result confirmed, that there would never he en opportunity for the execution of their promise of what they would do afterwards. Aud so their names will oe found appended, in admission of the "distress," ant the " impoverishing measures," arid the "common fate." Assuredly if there was riot something in the Free Trade principle which was of granite, such backing would aecomplish its pulling down. The report of the House is, that the Bill for legalizing marriage with a wife's sister is not to be seriously pressed. Dais is not fur tieing too weak, but too strong. The last division upon it, and upon a most import ant particular was ut 119 against 66. It is this strength which ha. , given the alarm. The Bill was br ,ught forward from the wrung side of the House. The Conservatives [nigh; have discovered at first, what they have done a la,t, that a tyranny built mainly on ecclesiastical 'alsitications of scripture pretended to be quoted. cannot be put down without damaging the authoritie' that falsified. There are a numeer of other cases in which the same system of falsification has been pur sued; and of course the establishments cannot be ex p,eted to correct their own wrong. The weakness is in those who ever thought it probable. On another subject there is a somewhat similar dis appointment. The Member who moved the 11- , use for an alteration in the avowedly absurd rule fur the ex clusion of strangers, was smoothed down with intiena tio:ts that there were deep things concerned, which could only be arranged by the wisdom of a Committee; and a, soon as the public attention has had time to cool, a Com mittee reports unanimously that no alteration is wanted. The iviemoer whose exclusion of the press gave rise to the question, was put on the Committee, and the Member who moved the alteration was not. Such is the mode of working by Committee. If the press and the constitu ents would agree, it is now in the power of any indivi dual Member to correct the evil, by rising to notice the presence of strangers till the absurdity is removed. On Tuesday the Bill for restricting the hours of work for bakers in the metropolis, was negatived by a large majority. A motion aim dat the removal of Smithfield Market was withdrawn, with slight prospects of renewal. The time is not yet. when a time-honoured nuisance in the heart of the metropolis can be got rid of. Bulls must confront us in our path and occasionally about our tea- tsbles, till we can find not that it would b possible to carry on our bovine business at a point in the circurnf,rence as well as at the centre. Why should not the fururn boariuin be somewhere about the Isle o , Dogs; especially the Thames Tunnel could at a moderate expense be made practicable for four-legged passengers? I am, Sir, your obedient servant, AN OLD REFOHMER, Loudon, July 18. 1849. NAVAL IP4 APPOINTMENTS. Ciptains—Georgo liudory Mundy (1837) formerly oc the Iris, and Sir Frederick W. Erskine Nic,.!sun, B (1846). I,rmerly of the Ettitome, to study steam at Woolwich. Lieutenants—George Williamson (1807), to the Illus trious, depot ship of Portsmouth ordinary ; William Vic.ry (1815) from the coast guard, to the Wellington, depot snip of Sheerness ordinary ; A. T. Mann (1827). 'o the Agincourt, depot ship of Devonport ordinary; Frederick Yonge (1845) to the Persian, 12, fitting at Woo:wich. Mates—S. T. Morrell, to the Phosnix, screw-sloop, fitting at Portsmouth; J. W. D. 11.1•Don.ild, to the Queen, 116, fitting tat Devonport. Clerk's Assistant—George Love, to the Growler steam-sloop, fitting at .134.v.nport. The appointment of Mr. Sullivan, master, to the Persian, has been cancelled. HER MAJESTY'S CRUISE.—The Royal yacht screw tender Fairy, Master-Commander Welch, will attend the Royal yacht Victoria and Albert to Ireland and Scotland on the Royal visit. The orders of the Ganges. 81, Captain Smith, C. 8., at Cove, are that she is to be kept ready for sea. She is not to come to Spithead to start lair with the Royal squadron, as all the squadron will be steam-vessels. The Phaeton, 50 gun-frigate, launched some time since at Deptford, and the Arethusa, .50, just launched Pemhroke, and ordered to be navigated to Devon p.rt, are to be brought forward, and fitted as advanced ships. the Hercules, store-ship, Master Commander Fulton, is ordered to be fitted with all dispatch at Chatham, for further service. The Veteran and Menai, receiving -ships at Ports mouth, are ordered to be prepared as temporary hospital ships for the convicts, should they be attacked with cholera at that port. The Pioneer, old coast guard vessel, is ordered to be taken to Sheerness and broken up._ . _ for proce e di ng on a f i nal The Persian, 12, Commander G. Buk een , fi tt i ng at Woolwich, will be ready to leave for the West Indies by the sth of August. The arrange experimental cruise to complete tho orders of the Ad miralty. B ra a p s n i l t i s s k a t a p e d e y o N n i p g o e r r t , steam-sloop s , are mak i ng The Growler, 6, steam. sloop, Commander Stoddart, will be ready for sea at Devonport on the 19th inst. The Phenix, screw-sloop, Commander Wodehouse, is to proceed from Portsmouth to Devonport, to be paid in advance and to be ready to sail on the sth of August with the mails for the coast of Africa. The Columbia, steam-vessel, Commander Shortland, arrived at Halifax, June 25th. from Devonport, and was about to proceed to the Bay of Fundy, to resume her sur veying operations. ANTICIPATED RESIGNATION OF MR. HUDSON, NIX. FOR SUNDERLAND. —We understand that Mr. Hudson is about to reign his , seat for the borough of Sunderland, and that Mr. 1 enwick, a barri s t e r or. the Northern Circuit; connected by property and family ties with the b..)rough, haA lyaen announceti as a candidate on rho Liberal Eitie. There is dig() alinie t4llt of Mr. Wil kinson, a4O has i tolic° u"" e c". F 'il l 3; eGutek" the -urough in the sunk) nkerfEt., Ihe however, 7-ippe,r, t o be that t“rtavr 6 ul , .re likely to unite all the Liberals i s his favour. Lord Adolpbus Vane is talked of as the candidate on the other side. respect, therefore, it was of great use to the agriculturists; but it the in i•itet was removed to the country, it would be no use in that respect. It they placed the market in the country, how were they to get the cat& to it ? By railway ? Why the evidence taken be fore the Committee went to show that driving cattle for five or six miles on a railway injured them; that while they might be driven long dietenvee by rail without i jury, conveying them short distances aeoiled them, and tha . they had better b- wAked. How, then, in the case of Irish, Scotch, and Dutch cit tle, coming from all the steamboat and railway stations, in wet around London, could they arrange the mode of conveying them to market? But the fair way to have put the question to the House would have been, was the House prepared wholly to change the s' ) siem o' 51.4 p!y log ru,at to the people of this great inetropolie? 1 hat view of the case involved so many questioes, ail taxed ui the one with the other, that it w,is most lik.lF any fourteen men, as well as the Committee they hed no:J. to do with. would, in considering it, be far more apt te point out inconveniences than remedies. There was not a doubt that if they removed the market from where it now was, they would increase the price of meat; but there was still another inconvenience to encounter. Suppose they remov, d it to the outskirts of London — to a place where there were few, or, perhaps, no houses, in the meantime, but who did not see the in this advancing aed extending metropolis that the place which they might new select tree teem dwelling houses, might not in a few years, even before the new market buildings were completed, be surrounded with them, so that there would soon be as much anxiety for the removal of that as there were now for the removal w Smithfield-market. At all events, before they removed the present market, let them show sltiJactorily how they were to pro;ide for it in another place. His Hon. Friend who had introduced the subject, had alluded to a machine which had be , n invented for killing cattle, which, he said, worked exceeding well, but which had never been introduced in Smithfield; and he had also stated that the price of meat was higher in London than it was anywhere else, in. consequence of Smithfield market. But that he denied; for although there might be some prices dearer, and some cheaper, than in the country, upon the average there was no difference in price whatever. No doubt, and the butchers themselves had whispered into his ear, that if gentlemen at the west-end of the town, in large houses, did not pay their eutchers' bills due in 1849, till 1851, the butcher was jus tified in charging a per centaee for laying out of his money, but, that did nut affect the general price of meat. Much had been said about the bruises the cattle received, and the effect these had on the meat; but they had it in evidence that most of these were received in the course of transmission by railway, or at alt events before they reached the market, so that with that matter, in talking of the removal of Smithfield, they had nothing to do. The Hon. Gentle man proposed that a Bill should be passed, authorising Government Commissioners to purchase forty or fifty acres of land, on which to erect a market in place of Smithfield; but the Chancellor of the Exchequer would no doubt see that this land, if bought, would have to be ail for, end would not be so ready in giving his sanc tion to such a measure. The Heu,e, however, was now celled upon to adept a motion which would compel Government Into taking such a step, and to such a mo• ten he could net give his -upp err. .....__ . _ - • Sir JOHN TYR ELL said he believed Stilithfi , H was in some respt eta used as a transit market, but h, believed at the same time that had they a market fitted up with proper convent. Dues for the keep of cattle, and with a piper supply of water a•tactied to it, so that cattle could be kept teere until a market answering the expectations or the seller, it would be of great edvan tage. Just, now they were obliged to sell, good market or bed, its there wits no place for keep, and besides, from the ready transit to it by ral...vay and steamers from all qua ters, it, was one of the teost gambling markets; not teat would be put an end to were the sy stem he had stated a lepted. R presenting the county he dA. It might be cap cted it him to support the present market, and he could not:leny that in a commercial pint of View it was a convenience to have the market near tie Bank of England; but he could not go along with all die cemini-ndations bestowed upon Sinittifield by the Hon. Member ter Middlesex (Mr. 0-1) erne). whit was calle f the butehi,irs' pet —(L•ughe•r)—and who, he he dived, was to be heisted et a fish dinner after this at umpt to remove it hail been defeated—along, of course, with this , who had aided him in causing that defeat.— (Laughter.) Upon the whele, he thought that Govern m nt ought to t ke up the matter, and ascertain whether or not it would be for the advantage of the public to have another place provided for such market. Mr. ORM.SiiY GORE said the object of the Hon. Memb .r ho had introduced the subject was more for the purpose of ascertaining the opinion of the Govern• [Tient upon it than with a view to coerce them into the consideration of it. The health part of the question he considered the least important part, althougn that the present market was detrimental to the health of the in habitants of the surrounding locality had been fully es tablished. Professor Owen, Dr. Aldis, Mr. Grainger, and a person named Grimesby, whose wife had died or fever, caught by malaria, had all given decided evidence in that respect. In regard to what had been said about Smithfield being a transit market, that was one of the strongest reasons why it should be extended or removed to another place, for it was at present too small for any such purpose. The tact, however, was, that Smithfield had always been considered a nuisance— fe the past 300 years it hal been so, for at that time 1,6001. was laid out in paving it, in order to keep down the malaria arising from it. It should be also borne in mind that the Aldermen and the Board of Trade peti tioned againsr, this market in Smithfield, and that they expressed a desire that the cattle market should not be less than 12 acres. He would refer the House to the re solve of trie people of Manchester and to other large towns, which entered into a resolution to remove the catta3 kets outside the town, and this was well worthy of consideration, as it had been already proved before the Committee that there were in 1830 no less a number than 189,00 J sheep and 30.000 cattle, and in 1846, 210,000 :beep and 50 800 cattle, and that in a space ot 51 accts. Such a state of things required to be consi dered by Government, and he hoped that such a pesti lent nuisance would be removed as immediately as would suit the convenience of the public. Mr. MACKINNON said that his motive for thus pressint; the motion was, that many Hon. Members con sid-red the report of the Committee of the House of Commons on this subject would be considered as a dead letter, if he hail not brought it on, and in concurrence with those Ron. Members he felt fully satisfied that such a Maiket was a nuisance and an abomination. Lord J. RUSSELL said that he did not mean to inter fere with the Committee on this subj ct, and could not otter any opinion until he saw their report. Mr. MACKINNON said that in consequence of the inton sun f h rr; sf,N a b e t t i3withdrewLord, he di i not .t mean to press his . d o mottosl-1() 1 t S Nrl€.Al give relative t, a h i t d :w t t h ha a en t co h op e npd( d :r i t d ti (u: n i o toy t wish to bringingantod a t bring -ion his olate t v. rumen[ would as eleven o'clock, but hoped that the Go on L at ir a d e j m t . o future day in the week. w H o U u S id SELL said that he had no objection to aliow the Hon. Member to bring on his motion on Thurs• day or Friday. Mr. C. ANSTEY moved that the petition of Her cules Elie, Esq., barrister-at-law, complaining of the c•tduct of tie Judges of the Common Paso; in Ireland (presented 25 . h June). be printed with the votes. Tne lion. Gentleman entered into a long statement of the use. when M rHORNELY, as chairman of the Committee on that macter, objecti , d to a line of proceeding. Lo-.J J. RUSSELL said thac it there were really u of impartial conduct on the part of the Cr.,wo, there might be some ground f , r acceding to the Goutlotnah's motion; but it appeared to him that there was certainly none. Atter a few words in reply from Mr. ANSTEY, The trioiioo was negativ,d without a division. Mr. FREWEN moved for a return of all the fees paid to the Faculty-office, Doctors' commons, for dispensation to clerg) men to hold benefices and pref rmetits in plu rality since the passing of the Act 1 and 2 Vic., e. 106, called the Pluralities Act, stating the amount paid for ea , :h dispensation, which was agreed to. Mr. BRO rHERTON (in the absence of Mr. Bright) moved that an humble address be presented to her Ms j,,sty, praying that her Majesty may be graciously plea,ed to diuct the Commissiunt , rs of Woods and Fo rests to institute an inquiry into the reversions reserved to the Crown in grants of land in Ireland, for the pur pose of ascertaining the nature, extent, and value of such reversions, and of devising means for their more simple registration and speedy sale or extinction, which was agreed to. BENEFICES IN PLURALITY (No. 2) BILL. Mr. FREWEN having moved that the House should resolve itself into a Committee on this Bill, Lord J. RUSSELL opposed the motion, as he did not think that they could deal effectually with a question of that difficulty and importance at that advanced period of the session. He should therefore move that the Bill be committed that day three months. After a few words from Mr. FREWEN, the amend ment was adopted without a division, and the Bill was therefore lost. JUVENILE OFFENDERS AND SMALL LAR- CENIES BILL. The order of the day for the House resolving itself into a Committee on this Bill having been read, Mr. R. PALSIER said he put it to her Majesty's Go rernment whether it would not be advisable to abandon the Bill tor the present session, on the ground just stated by the Noble Lord with respect to another measure — namely, that they could not then give to it the necessary consideration. Aft,er a few words from Mr. B. DENISON, the furt her consideration of the Bill was postponed till Thursday next. Tee Railway Amendment Bill passed through Com mittee with umk.ndments, after some discussion. NUISANCES 1 VIOVAL AND DISEASES riiii + fllßTlON BILL. The House went into Committee on this Bill. Sir .14 GRA HAA wished to know what was the meaning of the hi4ll penalty of 601. on any penon re fusing to give evidence before the B )ard of Health ? Was it to be read thus, that the board should have power to summon the party alleged to have a nuisance on his prewisps, and make him con vict himself? Lord ASEILFX said no• it was only for the purpose of getting witne sses i u or de r that nu i s ances might be re moved. The penalty was reduced to 20/., and the clause was then amended, and ordered to stand part Of the Bill. r Mr. J. A. sui UI wi s h e d to a s k the Right Hon. Se cretary fo the Home Derttnent whether anything was to be done with that master nuisance, especially in Lon pa !"e the rt - dveywis? Lt. ert-.7,tiuu wal under tile coml. d ern fi, f2 of th of I, , ara D. bit..;ali,P said the apatlry of the Goveru ment on that subject would lose them the confidence of the people. The grievance was a monstrous one, and he LONDOYS OUT OF TOWN! Ath S LOST !! (From the Morning Herald.) This is the 18th day of July, and after to morrow or next day, certainly after the 20'h, the present session of Parliament may be said, for all intents and purposes, to have closed. For though the House may sic on to the 2 , 1, or even to the 9th of Aueust, yet all interest in puWic business has ceast d, and Members are day by day drop ping off in their attendance at St. Stephen's. For the Last forteight there is not a railroad or steam company in the U-i:ed Ktnedom that has not experienced the ef fect in increased r ceipts. London is, and had been even a fortnight before the departure of the Queen, a desert, and though the two operas still fill tolerably with the attreactions of Saerag, Grisi, Albuni, Aegri, Cor hart, Labl ache, and Tamburini, yet after another week even such stars will fail to draw. The pled Ping and practicai" statesman whose chief joy was in the House of Commons, finds St. Stephen's charm now no more ; and, if we Le rightly informed, to-day or tomorrow, accompanied by the Member for Leominster —accompanied by Captain Peel, R.N. (a captain at a time of life when men three times his age are lieutenants, masters, and commanders only), accompanied by all his family, excepting the brilliant chergo d'affaires in Switzerland (a char,:e d'affaires when men who have been twice as long in diplomatic servi..e are unpaid teches merely) —starts for the Highlands, where cer taiely his heart cannot in the least be said to be. Never, by common and universal consent, was there a heavier or flatter season—a heavier, a duller, or more unprofitable session. Dinners have been few and far between, and when given they have lack , d sumptuousness and luxury—baps have been unfrequent, and shorn of their proper splendour—pie-nits and fetes champetres have been of most unusual occurrence—white-bait ex cursions have been unrolished—aud water-souelsee parties have lost their attractions. Never were more belles un married—a greater number of bachelors in a more single, solitary, and unproposing mood—more town mansions to let or to hire—more carriage and riding horses to sell. The tradesmen and artificers have telt the general blight. When the nobility and gentry ,uffer and draw in their expenditure, all dependent. on them must suffer likewise. Go to Dydes and Scribe's, to II well and James's, to Starr and Mortimer's, to Kitching and Abud's, to Hardwick's, to Lewis and t L o k y ll a e l li e by t, :s ;o to sh M ip o i r e e y i:: : will all tell you that the times " are out of joint." Visit smaller and less prosperous tradesmen, in the second rate streets, and you will find every third or fourth shop C to ro l u i t 4 h e e k r' a s Y , ' o d ; t S o vv ß a "s: , or and to jl t haery (more especially in Islarylebone) shut up and to let. Nay, even in some of the leading streets, such as Oxford streetllc you cadi thatly , a n n e d v e t r h e w e S r e t r a s n o d rn , a t n h y e 0 l desi i n i h t e a g b e i t u a t ri s t s t r w e t P e houses and shops closed or to be disposed of. Rates meanwhile are increasing most fearfully, and in the largest parish at the west end, namely. Marylebone, the poor-rate, including police and county rates, is at 7d. in the pound. How can it be otherwise, say the London housekeepers? Our own country people are all thrown out of employ, to please the economic fancies of Mr. Wilson. the hatter and Economist editor. There's Johnson and Thompson import nothing but French hats. Then again Seroggs, my opposite neighbour (it is the tradesman who speaks), who used to have many 'yawners, closers, and cutters in his employ, now imports Paris and Bordeaux boots, shoes, slippers, and Brodequins, all ready made. As to Hogging, who lives next door, and who bad establishments both at Woodstock and Worcester, now all his gloves and purses come from Grenoble, from Pri vet's in Paris. or from Boivin's or Spieglehelter's in the Rue de le Pais. Such is our fraternity. But it is, say the London tradesmen in every street, east and west, a fraternity all of one side, for though we take of these Frenchmen in greater abundance than ever their bran Mies, their wines, their gloves, their boots and shces, h-ir cambric% their marqneterie, and ther " articles de Paris," yet they have had, and can now afford to have, nothing in return. The result is that our journeymen soot makers, glevers, cabinet-makers, and workers in orenz.., are thrown on the rates, and that a general and wide• spreading pauperisrn is eating into the vitals of the !and. Every man feels it, the doctor, the Dwyer, the •iergymen, the merchant, the manufacturer, the tailor, ha hackneyman, the butcher, the baker, the green grocer, the brewer, the wine-merchant. In fact, there is a general maliase and despondency eervarling all classes, both gentle and simple. From tee high horn miss in ber teens, dawn to the poor milli eer and mentua-maker, who toils for liar daily bread, all, nearly all, have found it a barren season, nearly all are sad and sick at heart at its premature close. But of the vast crowds that have already lett, and in the course of the present and the succeeding week will leave L Inden, we doubt that a more down-hearted and dis sppointed man ever proceeded to bury his chagrin in the llighlauds than the Right Hon. the Member for ramworth. More than eighteen months ago he and his little party joined in starting a Peelite organ, which was daily , o deity the art of turning, and to proclaim the political Proteus and changeling the saviour of the land, For twenty months the clique have laboured with all their puny might and main in their v.ication—fow and weari .,otne, they have worn their undexterous digits to very stumps. and the result is that their idol is now, after 4bout 1,800 leading articles, some of them bitter bad, the maj,trity indifferent, in a much worse position than he wAs at the end of 1847. No man trusted or loved the pseudo-planter in 1847. but still many believed he would again return to power. Chat dream has now vanished. Ile putfary of the Chronicle-1800 article flattery of that print—has put an end to the delusion. It is bad enough to be vie imised and deceived—but though a people may submit to be deceived three or four times—the English nation will not brook it, that fulsome, loathsome flattery should be daily and undexterously slavered on a political vic timiser—over a cold-hearted party deceiver. The idol now sees this—very clearly. And as the flattery has tailed, he has turned on his retainers, and having first rated them soundly, has directed hie kit to be packed up, for Connemara—no—we ask pardon, for the High. lands of Scotland. There, wrapped up in his habitual reserve, and his ponderous pomposity, be may hunt, he may shoot, he may deer-stalk, and if ever he unbend on any occasion, it may be when he, simpering. slyly thinks of how he sought to bamboozle Parliament into a plantation of Connaught. As to the three or four unhappy followers who en gaged in the hopeless task of writing the " practical statesman" up—one may do a little bit of very bad culi nary literature in the Quarterly, or try his hand at trans lation—a second and third may study colonial pam• phlets, and be none the wiser—a fourth may write emigra tion schemes if ho can find a printer—and a fifth may continue to abuse Mr. Disraeli; but from that day forth and for ever the feeble little party is dispersed and dis • charged from its allegiance to the most disappointed, because the most fallen man of the age. The present session has utterly shipwrecked the re pute of that already foundering vessel called the Sir Robert Peel. The plantation of Connaught scheme has given the coup de grace to Peel practicalness and statesmanship, and ever t s h i e nc i l a i r t o w n a et s ,s lau wt h o e le d c o o u n t t o r f ib S a t t . io S n tep to he t n h ' e s i n this journal, House of Commons has been abuse of his own body guard. and expressions of seeming civility to the Pr aectionists. But the Protectionists will not have him. In his agony he may turn to (he Chartists, now that Feergus O'Con nor is about to abdicate. The session, like everything else connected with the season of 1849, has been a huge failure. Nothing has been done tor En gland, and nothing hay been carried worth a groat for In-land but the resolution of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, an infinitely small instal ment of the late Lord George Bentinck's large and bene volent plan for the rogeneratien of the sister country. ROYAL ARTILLERY. WOOLWICH, JULY 17.—The three troops of Royal Horse Artillery at present in the garrison at Woolwich proceeded to the marshes this forenoon for practice, and commenced firing at targets at 600 yards' range, the whole of the troops being under the command of Lieutenant- Colonel Bell. After the firing at 600 yards was concluded, a positi n was taken up at 700 yards' distance, each troop firing at, a different target about four feet square, and the practice was excellent, one of the guns of the centre , roup knocking down the target at that distance. The firing again took place at 800 yards' range. and the troop target g t e h te, andlef lef t madebeing e n x e c a e r l e i n t t e practice, n i knocking . o a the ewfinr firing neiug concluded the troops encamped on tr,e ground, pitching their tents and feeding their horses, having as simbled in the marshes in fatigue order, with ample pro cinder of corn and hay for their horses. The battalions encamped in the marshes on the previous day, and every care is taken to have whole of the troops in the garrison in an efficient state, and ready for any emergency on the shortest n Mice._ _ _ A company of the Royal Artillery leave Woolwich to-morrow morning for Sheerness, to conduct a series of experiments on that practice ground. A detachment of the Royal Slivers and Miners, 25 in number, have been recently employed there in laying platforms and constructing temporary accommodation for the artillery men, and they have completed their works in so satis factory a manner as to call forth the entire approbation of the officers who have inspected them. ROYAL SAPPERS AND MINERS. The 11th Company, under the command of Captain Jervois, have received orders to leave Woolwich at 10 o'clock to-morrow, to be present at the siege operations which are to take place at Chatham on the 21st inst. CITY ELECTION.—Last night no candidate had officially announced an intention of contesting the repre sentation of the City with Sir James Duke, who at present is the only candidate in the field. A very large meeting of the principal City Liberals was held yester day at the City Registration Offices, to consider what candidate should be brought forward, but after a dis cussion of nearly two hours no definitive determination was come to. Among the gentlemen present were, Baron Rothschild, Mr. J. Abel Smith, M.P., Mr. Alder man Salomons, and Mr. Dillon. Mr. Bevan is still talked of as the candidate on the Tory side, but that gentleman has not issued any address to the electors. In the event of the Lord Mayor standing for the City of London, we understand that the Hon. Captain Pelham, brother of Lord Yarborough, will offer himself as a candidate for the vacancy that will thenoccur at Boston. SOUTHAMPTON, T UESD AY, JULY 17.—Tbe Royal mail steamer Conway, Capta in C. H. Onslow, sailed this afternoon with the usual %Vest India and Pacific mails, in charge of Lieutenant Ray, R.N . ., Admiralty agent. MI- route is via Madeira and Barba:loes. She lead 36 5.9871. specie o n frei g ht. and a full cargo. .e e e n r i s n'sular and Oriental Steam Navigation p T as h s (3 ,,,"„ y 9 $ t hip 4i on trose, C , ptain F. Meewt ,n, ; 4' 1,,, r &p e , run with I , 2guiar Opcir'; . All the men who have dune thing , ; well in life have been remarkable for deoision of charaoter..—Eliza Ctvies Jonah MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNbIIIRE RAILWAY. This great tpidcrtaicir,g has at length been completed, and was opened by the directors on Monday last. The line was opened for general trail! on Tuesday; and :here is now, for the first time, a direct and unbroken railway communication between Liverpool on the west. ern, and Great Grimsby on the eastern, coast of England. The length of the direct line from Manchester to Great Grimsby is 1101 miles, and this is exclusive of the various branches. The cos!, of the company's lines east r,f Sheffiel.l, including stations, &c., is cra an average 18,0001. a mile. 03 Monday morning, at 9 o'clock, a number of the directors resident at Liverpool, together with a party of the directors of the London and North-Western Rail way, left Liverpool by special train, and were joined at Manchester by the other directors. The train reached Sheffield about 12 o'clock, and the remainder of the directors having been taken up, the train proceeded on the opening excursion to Grimsby. The chief work on the line i 3 the Trent bridge at Gainsborough, constructed on the same principle as the Britannia-bridge at the Menai Straits. The bridge is 333 feet in length and is a noble structure. The prin cipal towns connected by the new line between Sheffield and Grimsby are Worksop. Retford, GLiinsborow.r,b, and Brigg. These, of course, are exclusive of a number of villages and hamlets. The directors' train arrived at Great Grimsby at half past two in the afternom, and the directors having been conveyed on the line into the Grimsby Deck, proceeded to examine the operations there carried on. The works continued to 11,4 carried on with unabated ardour. The directors returned to New Hon ied, oppodte to the town of Hull, wh re they dined together at the Yarborough Arms, along with Mr. John Fowler, the engineer-in chief, the chief officers of the company, and a number of friends. Mr. Chapman, the deputy-chairman of the company, presided, and, after dinner, proposed the cus totnary loyal toasts. " The health of the Earl of Yar borough, the chairman of the directors," was the next toast, which met with a hearty response. The CHAIRMAN shortly afterwards proposed " The Directors of the London and North Western Railway Company." " We have." said he, " been lung intimately connected with them. We occupy the same station; we travel over each other's lin , s; we have always ch,rished a good feeling towards each other—(Cheers)—and I am quite sure that the directors of this railway entertain a very friendly feeling towards all connect( d with the London and North Western Railway Company, and that they are convinced that it is to their interest, as well as to the interest of the public, that both companies should work amicably together." Mr. TooTAL. a member of the London and North , Western Board, responded, and expressed hissatisfac tion at the harmonious working of the two boards. The interests of the shareholders in all railways had been neg lected on many occasions, but directors gi nerally had of late had their eyes opened. They did Pot want to ;like more . from the public than in fairness they ought to pay, and yet they considered they had a right to a sufficient pro fit wherewith to rewind those individuals who have sup plied the means for accomplishing those great public undertakings by which all are benefitted—(Hear)—and he believed in the course of time they would receive a lair amount of return for their outlay. The CHAIRMAN acknowledged the toast, and said, with respect to thee Government Audit Bill he hoped that all railway companies would unite and do their utmost to defeat a measure which interfered most unjustly with the rights of private property. " The health of the Engineer" sad other toasts were subsequently drank. The company rose from the table at half-past six o'clock, and as soon as the train could be got ready they started, and reached Sheffield at nine o'clock precisely. The train shortly afterwards proceeded to Manchester and Liverpool with the rem , iinsh.r n , the party. TIIE, AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. NORWICH, JULY 17.—As the decisive moment ap proaches for testing, by a public exhibition, the resources of the society, the exitmient and bustle increase. The broad faces of farmers 4nd the acute visages of imple ment makers meet the observant sp, , ctator at every turn itt the tortuous streets of this ancient city. Cattle and horses are seen quietly led along by their keepers to the show-yards, and the whole race of publicans have taken to " the tented field " with a zeal worthy of a more war like cause. The long approach to the exhibition ground is now lined with booths and caravans, dedicated to drinking, dancing, and sightseeing; and as each canvas structure is surmounted with a lag, and placarded with bills of the most formidable size, the dr-et is sufficiently imposing. On all sides the din of preparation sounds; nor does a single taste or want seem likely to be kit unsatisfied by the assiduous caterers called forth by the occasion. The judges are still at work in the Implement yard, but their labours will not conclude, nor will their swards be known, until too late for transmission by this communication. In the meantime, therefore, and in the absence of those fuller details which to-morrow's proceedings may supply, it mny not be out ot place to make some ge neral observations upon the implement d•-partment of the show-yard, with reference to questions of consider able importance, aryl which the society must very soon decide upon. The first of there questions is one which not only afTrcts the interests of the society and the agri cultural implement. makers as a body, but touches closely. upon toe welfare of agriculture throughout the kingd.m. 'The show yard, as the reader is as are, is divided into two comp irtments, one de - heated to the exhibition of im pletnents, the other to that of stock. nevi Ali to the foundation ot the society very little attention had been paid in this country to the adaptation of mechanics to the purposes of husbandry. Irontounders, blacksmiths, and wheelwrights engrossed the trade, which was, in such unscientific hands, left in the rudest and most im perfect state. In Scotland they had managed these things much better—engineers and millwrights had placed farming machinery upon asuperior and permanent footing, and under their skill and perseverance the home steads of the Lothians en' the other highly cultivated districts north of the Tweed gradually began to assume that remarkable degree of arrangement and that happy combination of details which distinguish them beyond every other country in the world. The early exhibitions of the Royal Agricultural Society contained, as might have been expected under the circumstances, a very beg early display of implements for agricultural purposes; but the vast resources which England possesses for ex celling in manufactures of this kind soon began to be developed by the influence of these annual shows, and by the increasing intelligence of the farming community. Implement makers in a very few years became a large, a wealthy, and a highly intelligent body, and an extra ordinary variety of instruments was produced by them adapted for the cultivation of the soil. Like all other interests suddenly created by the enterprising and inventive spirit of the age, they were at the outset greatly thwarted by their ignorance of the science to which their mechanism had to be applied, and their inventions, therefore, were rather more ingenious than useful; but every day saw this difficulty more and more diminished, and at last, notwithstanding every obstacle, the show-yard of the a ciety now exhibits a most satis factory approximation to that practical arid economic cha racter which forms an indispensable requisite for exhi bitions of the kind. Through such impediments, not only the implement makers but the society have struggled bravely with that unyielding tenacity ot purpose which is our national pride. From year to year the imple ment-yard has shown a remarkable Inc:ease, and from the following table it will be seen that in this depart tnent the society has shown far stronger and more vigorous signs of vitality than in that of stock:— . _ Year of Meeting. Locality. Entries of Stock. 3, : i t e r a t o : r s. 1839 ... Oxford ... 249 ... 23 1840 ... Cambridge ... 352 ... 36 1841 ... Liverpool ... 319 ... 312 1842 ... Bri:aol ... 510 ... 435 1813 ... Derby ... 730 ... 508 1844 ... Southampton 575 ••• 948 1845 ... Shrewsbury ... 437 .•• 942 1846 ... Newc,,stle ... 613 ••• _, 785 1847 ... Northampton . , g , 9 1 •••••• 1 1 , 3 5 2 08 1 1848 •• York ... The iinm;nse number of implements which have been exhibited for the last few years, the large space which they necessarily occupy, and the expense which the so ciety incurs in providing room fur them, has attracted to this subject not only the serious attention of the Council, but of all the friends of agricultural impeove merit. It has been observe d that at each succeeding ex hibition this department degenerates more and mor,- from the charac•er of an " exposition," and approaches to that of a bazaar. The great implement makers, en couraged by the facilities of carriage afforded them, send an overwhelming number of articles, and fill the sheds of the yard with a dreadful array of scarifiers, clod crushers, pulverizers, and other instruments, not more formidable in name than in appearance. Not content with some specimen of each kind, they have perhaps two or three of different sizes, and with some slight variation in structure to make them admissible. The idea of exhibiting new inventions or the best forms of indispensable implements—an idea absolutely necessary to be kept strictly in view where prizes are awarded—is of course lost sight of. The humble but ingenious machinist sees his little stall overwhelmed by a wholesale array of articles beside it; arid the great ma nufacturer has reason to complain that, having gone to a large expense, and done all in his power to extend the taste for the application of mechanical skill to the opt rations of husbandry, he is rewarded with a few paltry medals, and the empty honour of a public e xhibition , necessarily necessarily excluding that test of practical ex p er; of g by which alone the substantial support . of zany 1 interest can be won. In this state of thinrgsthe i to _ ue.e o r f;he most influential implement makers e o sk w fe hem B to exhibit do away with its priz-a, and to I n n , such a manner that their manufactures to the 1)"t".1_,, that ample t i me may they may be seen in operation, be n . T :society, on the other be given for the inspection. hand, are anxious to adhere to the old s' stem, end per ceiving that the i m plement-yard is Outgrowing their means of accommodation they are anxious to impose a ground c harge on exhibitors, to require from them a plan of the motile in which they intend furnishing their stalls, and to adopt such other cheeks us may be neces sary to meet the evils of the present system. How the question will be decided it is at present impossible to say, but the permanent interests of the society and of agricultural improvement generally are largely involved in the prompt determination of it. There is another question connected with the exhibi tion of implements which it is of great importance to de termine in a satisfactory manner, and to e hich allusion may be made in this letter without any impropriety. I allude to the locomotive and portable charnieer giv.'n to farm mantling, by the d,,,ire which t'.:' nianictiirera very nate:ally feel to exhibit their p - 0 lactioiia in the i show yard, of a iteci.:- tin ii,rly. In Seoticrel, r. h t : t e egrixbairal iwproeen7 • ' .. e"e eeeo .:'."Trio? !It) IN ,ligli-mt pitch, and where, notwithstanding all that may be accom plished in particular districts in England, the culti veti*a of the toil has been mot thilfully systematized, such mechanical aids as the steam-engine and thrash ing -mill afford are secured by fixed machinery. The question, therefore, arises between these different forms of construction, and it is of great importance now, when the position of the farmers in England must greatly depend upon the exercise of superior ingenuity and more scientific modes of culture than heretofore— when the abolition of the protective system has exposed them to a wide and formid a bl e competit i on, that they should strengthen their hands from the vast mechanical resources of the kingdom, and do so in the least expen sive, the most simple, and the most effectual manner. The weather to-day looks ominously bad for the show. The clear blue sky and the burning summer slin have disappeared, and in their stead come a drizzling rain and a misty atmosphere, most grateful to the parch e d- up soil and thirsty crops; but likely, if continued, to throw a sad damp over the proceedings of the Royal Agricul tural Society. ROYAL MERSEY YACHT CLUB. The second sailing match o! this season took place on the Mersey en Monday last, for the larger class of yachts exceedieg 35 tons, for a piece of plate the value of fifty guineas. The course appointed was the "Queen's Course," to seaward and back. A highly respectable end numerous assemblage of ladies end gentlemen, in cluding many members of the cluh, accompanied the Com modore, Thomas Liteledale, El., on board the fine steamer the " Princess," Captain Jones, to follow and witness the contesting vessels. The weather was ex ceeeingly fine throughout with a, five gaff -topsail breeze from the S.E. following yachts competed in the cunteet Beechante, 80 tons, 13. 11. Jones, Esq. Queen of the Ocean, 49 Commielore Littledale. )ri;t, 55 W. C. &S. P. Hope, Esqs. Vision, 45 Thomas Birchall, Esq. Water Wyvern, 47 J. E. Stopford, E-q. The yachts started by signal gun by the Commodore from the siemmer at eleven o'clock from New Brighton, the Drift, and Vision taking the lead, followed by the Bacchante, and the others close together. The Drift and Vision hung close together. ruunieg oil the wind, until they began to open the Victoria Channel, where the Drift shot ahead of the Vision, which might be attri buted in a great measure to the large topsail the former yacht displayed, which was of unusuzl dimensions. In hauling closer upon Ike wind towards the N.W. light ehip, the Drift had still increased her distance, although to leeward. The Vision muds a better tact and gained some distance upon her opponent. The Water Wyvern also held well to windward, and after being for s ileac time lost among the fleet, placed herself the third in order. There was some close and beautiful sailing be tween the latter 3 acht and the Bacchante, which was the theme of much admiration to those on board of the steamer. On arriving at the N.W. lightship the second time, and the extreme outward distance of the course, the vessels were timed as follows: e. Drift ... ••• ••• 2 20 0 Vision ..• ... 2 28 0 Water Wyvern ... 2 37 0 Bacchante ... ... 2 38 0 Nothing could exceed the beauty of the marine pros pect at this time and the contesting yachts, and the scene was enlivened by many other yachts belonging to the club joining the fleet. Hitherto the whole race had been with a leading wind, but on returning the wind was ahead, and the yachts had to tack to windward. The Drift kept gradually increasing her distanca ahead of the Vision, and the fleet arrived in the following order of time opposite the miniature yacht the Gem, be longing to the lion. Secretary, Mr. Melling, which was the flag-ship, and was gaily decorated with bunting, and moored just off New Brighton Pier : 11. Pit. s. Drift ... ... 444 25 Vision ... . . ... 5 1 9 Bacchante ••• 01 • ••• 5 5 15 Water Wyvern 5 10 59 The Queen of the Ocean sailed well at the commence ment of she race, and kept tip well with the fleet for a long time, but when on a wind fell off and was not timed. A band of music enlivened the day's proceedings, and many of the ladies and gentle men kept up the spirit of the dance on the quarter deck of the steamer. The Drift, from her greater tonnage, had to allow the Vision three minutes and three quarters, yet still because the winner by fourteen minutes and two and a quarter seconds. The result of this contest does not in any way affect the feriae of the Vision, and to be beat by a sister yacht of greater tonnage is nothing more than verifying the old adage, that " power will be served;" and many experienced yacht sailers were of opinion that if the breeze had been stiffer the Vision's chance would hare b , 2en much improved. The Drift sailed well throughout, and her powerful top-sail was well set, and did its duty. She has proved herself a vessel of great speed. The prize, consisting of a massive and elegantly chased silver salver, was presented to Mr. Hopes. in suitable and complimentary terms, by the Commodore; which were feelingly responded to by the winnerA. The whole com pany discrnbarke.l at the Pririce'. i'ier, atter bring highly ;.;ratified with the day's sport, and the polite a tt en ti on o f the officers and st wank ~f the &u.). AQUATICS. ST. JOHN'S, I UIthELY m i WN, REGATTA. This regatta came off yesterd,y a nd attracted its usual nurnbt rof spectators. The prize was a skiff given by the inhabitants of liorselydorin. The distance to be rowed was from Hurselydown 0:d Stairs, round East blue Tier, round Battle Bridge Tier, twice and back to Ilorsel) down Stairs. The match was won by W. Chapman. BILLINGSUATE AND CUSTOM-HOUSE, RE- GATTA. Six free watermen yesterday contended for a skiff and other priz:;4, the gift of the tradesmen and gentry of th• vicinity. The rowing distance was from off Billingsgate to a boat off St. Katharine's Dock, round the eel-chain, and finish at Billingsgate. Charles Maxwell was the successful competitor in this contest. PUGILISM. WH. HATES AND MICHAEL MADDEN, FOR lOW ASIDE.—It is seldom, from peculiarly contrasted quali ties that two professors of the pugi /late meet under cir cumstances more calculated to excite an interest in the result of their encounter than the men who yesterday displayed their prowess. Some weeks since, the neces sary preliminaries having been adjusted, William Hayes was articled to meet Michael :gladden on the 17th of July. Hayes wns known as the conqueror of Finn, of Cooper, Satn Martin, and Crockett; in every instance showing skill and readiness in a remarkable degree. On the pre sent occasion be was pitted against superior bulk, strength, and (as it was supposed) endurance, in the TT son of Maddcei, whose lasting powers, and indomitable courage, were, by many, considered as more than a counter-balance for the skill of his antagonist. Madden, after making himself known in the sparring schools, first encountered Walker, of Stoney Stratford, whom he quickly disposed of, and subsequently con tended with Grant for the extraordinary period of five hours and forty minutes, the result being a drawn batri e . A special train having been chartered, privilege tickets were issued at 21. for " the saloon," and 11. for the car riages, half a sovereign not being refused for those who would put up with a trip on the South-Eastern rail in the open carriages of the third class. Accordingly, at nine o'clock upwards of 300 of the curious steamed from the Bricklayers' Arms station, and were in due titre de posited at E lenbridge, or rather about a mile 'short thereof, the train being judiciously brought to a stand still at a place where the " natives" might not " be astonished" by so unwonted an invasion of their rural peace. A walk of a half mile, skirting hop gardens, and driving beneath o'crarching trees, brought the voyagers to the champ de &addle, in a sylvan spot judiciously t h e ral l thrashed w i a n s such no w as the scene, that . a silver chosen. So lovely when t h o e n be ring . - , g s o o er, manl c t o h u e l d t i o m bj e e c a e ' delightful spot." Upon this tastes may differ; we shall not dispute them. At half-past twelve, the ring being arranged by the veteran Tom:Oliver, assisted by his son, and the "ouid and civil" Tom Callas, of Paddington and Fives-court notoriety, the company took their places. At one the men stood up, Keene and Hannan acting as e quires of the body to .Madden; Welsh and Sambo tio.ng their deveirs to Hayes. It is not our intent or practice to dwell on the m nutm the eonteat that 4a sued. Madder, whore weigdit loomed heavy and big in foot of t,is active ippoornt, who.. hoT °ugh- irsd Term bar ly turned the scale of 9 .t. 71b. For sixty r unds Hayes I*-d the game by drawitig his epp .nent, and planting his lett hand on his eyes, nose, and mou.h, but not without severe mau ing. The quality of i,ladden for receiving seemed fusty tested after an hour and a half; yet, strange to say. he came and came again, with perfect nonchalance, occasionally throwing Ha)es, dealing heavy lunges with one hand or the other. At the close of two hours Hayes, for the first time, threw his bully antagonist. Henceforth, for the astounding number of 170 reunds, and about five hours ai;d a half. the batt'e raged with alt , rna h t i e b ts d ngl i s s , skill despite occa,ional weakness, • i d and clouds lowered t a h y t e l s ie e Teit. At length. w by he r n epe t a h t e ed va,dr;irsiitsintra.wtiaoinstiwrile the lighter combatant's skill being thrown m a dden 's defeat at the close of the 186th in token of atinirdeatatecntiwmeraent22=h6' sponge un the battle having lasted six hours and three round,tti u tei .,a time unexceeded in the annals of pu g ili sm. Both m en reiurned to town per train by a little after ten o'clock, Ma dden sore in s p irit as in body, while Hay es wa s quickly •`himself again," suc h is the inspiri t i ng di ed of victory. In our conduct to animals less gifted than our selves, let us not fcrget that we are only the elder born of our mother's womb, and whatever niaYbe the num ber of her child ren, they are all dear in the eye of our common paront.—Elita Cook's Journal. NIGHT BALLOON ASCENT FROM CREMORNE.....A very beautiful aeceet of the Cremorne Balloon took place at a quarter- past ten lest evening, from Cromorne Gar dens, under the management of Lieutenant Gale, accent renied by C•iptain S.iyers and Mr. E. T. Smith, licensed vic!uitller, of Red Lion-street, Holborn. After the dis charge of fireworks from the balloon it took an easterly direction, but remained stationary near Vauxhall-gardens for an hour without a current of air. Eventually the aeronauts descended in a field near Snaresbrook, bring been up two hours. The highest altitude a ttaiae ... was public o ()bra: street,.in t o a f a extraordinary two miles, but the views of the diffe t r i p sheets, bridges, 8,3 lighted by gag, effect, more paiticulerly the who Piccadilly, &c. , EARL OF ALDH OROUOIT [ - ADVERTISEMENT. j astounding cure by miraculous AND HOLLOWAY'S medicine, alter eery other. 4 ; i 7. 1 , h . fad. a . d i : ea S h e o e ri e , !c ‘ t i r:%t tt•om hie l.,udsio is letter, datFil I !.t:c.tio Nth. Laicaehae cure 013 divortivr which Nil them. ot the fACnity, . • •••••_ ati l tper 2. ••• bad, nijr... " 11 ,1 e to elect • ' ( signed) ALunoaouiiai., These wonaertal pills whit cure any dieeasie of the liver or stem:tn.—Sold (also Holloway% ointment) at Professor Holloway's Establishment, 244. Strand, a OY W Me4 lo, ineTClgarl tlargilikUt the 9411100 wFrld•