The Sun. — London, England, 1849-12-22 00:00:00

LITERATURE. A JOURNEY THROUGH TEXAS'. By Edward Smith M D., LL.B., 6-c The atten•i al of emigrants ha% log been recently directed to the North Awe:wan Province of rexas as a suitable, acts indeet I.eirable, place for location, the app, arance of ti_is Fula vo'uine is singalarly appropriate, and assumes to some extent a certain degree of iuep rtarsse. Ev. n from the wording of the title page it would appear that the writer adventured upon his very agreeable journey across the north eastern portion of the province during this present year, with the express intention of furniAting a report calculated to aid the purposes of tmigration. However that may have been, it is certain that the narrative of 1)r. E. Smith will afford an ample store of information to those who are at all solicitous to acquire some knowledge of the resources of the country tcfore actually pro c : thither with the view of a final settlement within - its boundaries. And considering the immense number of the isdividuals at the present moment prepared to forsake their mother country for the Purpose of seeking. some better fortune elsewhere, the utility of the descriptions here given by our traveller is obviously entitled to all consideration ; for as nothing is more disastrous to the would•be settler than to attempt to cross the Atlantic without some Previous consciousness of the difficulties to be encountered and the exertions required on the oppo site shores, so nothing can possibly tend so materially to secure the prosperous termination of such enter- Prizes as a capability of making all necessary cal cattiona, and of adopting all raquisite precautions beforehand. Such a capacity is only obtainable through the assistance of some trustworthy depicter of the characteristics of the western continent, and such a man Dr. E. Smith appears unquestionably to be from his very able, lucid, and impartial delinea tion of North-Eastern Texas. The extremely com prehensive nature of his report leaves scarcely Anything in the way of intelligence to be desired. Besides giving a minute and exten sive picture of the condition, the position, and the advantages of that province of the United States, the report likewise furnishes a copy of the Constitation of Texas, a list of articles, tables of temperature, and other useful particles sof information, tacit as the subjoined relating to the relative value of the English and American currency : " Tile American dollar is worth 4s. 2d ; the cent id.; the New York shilling, sixpence, and penny, are respec tively worth one-half of the like English coins, and the lit of the Southern and Western States is equal in Talus to the Now York shilling." addition to the particulars collected together by ' writer, it would moreover appear that his report was accompanied to this country by specimens of the PO and black soils; of iron ore and other minerals ; of bois d'Arc and other kinds of timber; and also of articles of native manufacture. All these things were submitted, in the first instance,to the body of gentle • Men at whose instance the journey was orginally Undertaken—a body presided over by Mr. Henry Frearson—and the report is now opened to more general scrutiny in its present form of publication. those who refer to its pages for instruction will not fail to be arrested by the admirable maps prefixed to the volume, in illustration of the geographical position of Texas. What we have now, however, more Particularly to refer to is the amount of practical in formation condensed into the report by our North American traveller, specimens of which must, even when separated from the context, prove sufficiently I nteresting to justify our subsequent quotations. his opened the narrative by a rapid account of 15 progress to the country he has now undertaken to delineate, the writer proceeds at once very explicitly to describe the different kind of mineral, animal, and v egetable productions of the province, prefacing that account with an analysis of the various kinds of soil 'black, red, grey, ash, and mulatto—all of these kinds being alluvial in character. Of the Texas timber he speaks as follows : , " Cass, Titus, Smith, Van Zampt, Upshur, and liar futon counties, are exclusively covered by wood; whilst in Kaufman, Hopkins, Red River, Lamar, Fannin, Collins, Grayson, Cooke, and Dallas, both prairie and hO 411 and are found, with the former usually prepon derating. The varieties of wood aro the black oak, W hite oak, red oak, post oak, and black jack, which e xist universally ; with pine, live oak, ash, elan. sycamore, hickory, walnut, sweet gum, cotton wood, wild plumb, cherry, and blackberry, Wry commonly ; and the beautiful bois d'Arc, the Fedar; and the cypress, in isolated localities. The pine it very much esteemed, and we met with it in certain Arts • of Cass and Titus counties, and en Upper Red River, also at the heads of the Trinity, and on the 13sbine, and in all the parts west of Marshall, in Yarrition county. It is found but sparingly In Hopkins county, and not at all on the northern prairies. It is yellow, and of fine Quality, being excedingly full of resinous matter. 43 three feet from the ground it is usually from two to three feet in diameter, and in common with the sweet Pin, cotton wood, white oak ash, and sycamore, grows, especially in the vallies) to the height of 100 or 120 feet. Tne varieties of oak are not (Teal to the Et.glish ° lke but the live oak is highly esteemed in ship. building. The white and red osk grow to a large size, whilst the P°at oak and black jack is a scrubby wood. The Ash, P lnie and Le-ech, are excellent. The bois d'Arc, is a t) autiful yellow hard wood, very enduring, from which a re Wade exc-Ilent waggery, and articles of furniture. T he French use the ye 1 ow as a dye, and beautiful "raleing sticks a e made from the tee igs. The hickory i s a heavy dark celoured wood, very suit able fur tool handles and fuel for domestic purposes, and vast herds °r Pigs ed upon its nuts. The red cedar splits readily, find Is very enduring when used us fencing, being even superior to the bl.eck locust tree of the Western States. C) press is used most commonly in the manufacture of Water butts and troughs, and is the best fuel fur steam engines." Most of the principal roads are enumerated, and amon g the rivers of Texas especial mention is made Shreeveport, Jefferson, Sulphur Fork of Red Itiver, Upper Red River, the Sabine, and the Trinity. After referring to the capabilities afforded by Texas for railway enterprise, Dr. E. Smith expatiates upon the price, the quality, and the quantity of the divers Products pouring annually from the bosom of the Province —cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, grass, wire Riess, calamus grass, the musquite, vines, tobacco, fi l l; wool , cattle, horses, mules, pigs, salted meats, l 'motley, %sax, game, figs, peaches, apples, nuts, olives, ails, and vegetables ; the salt springs, sulphur springs, tnineral springs, iron, coal, clay, limestone, soap stone, tend stone, &c., &c. Here is his account of the c apabilities opened in Texas in the way of " MANUFACTURES. "Perhaps no country offers so many advantages to manufacturers as does Texas. There the great staple articles, cotton, wool, silk, and flax, grow iu perfection; Whilst the meckanic would be surrounded with the ne cessaries amid comforts of life at a very small coat. Water power is met with en the Cypress Creek, Creek, the Sulphurs, Sabine, Bois d'Arc, Sister Grove C ree k, East Furk, and other heads of the Trinity ; but it cannot be said to be plentiful, and there fore steam power must supply its place. The fuel for this purpose is purchased a& half-a-dollar per acre, and the only expense would be fur cutting and carrying it. ," Cleaning and carding of cotton and wool; tanning ; shoe and harness making; tobacco manufacturing; wine, brandies, and spirit making; wood sawing and grain Grinding; iron smelting, casting, and working; the manufacture of agricultural implements, a: d all kinds of Wood -work, with a thousand other occupations, could be most profitably established. Those who are acquainted with Texas believe that it will place itself in the first • tank as a manu acturing as well as producing country. At present the length and breadth of the country is open to the manufacturer, and be would be welcomed with °Pen arms by every settler." As to the security afforded to human life and pro- Perty in that province, he says— , " The most perfect security to life and property re gas toroughout N. E. Texas, far m .re perfect than can be found in the Eastern States or in Europe, or indeed in a °Y well peopled country. We travelled alone by day and night, and never received incivility or injury; and the "IY attempt to impose upon us was by one of our own n oUntrymen. The inhabitants behaved very kindly to us, And on several occasions would not be paid for our board and lodging. They are exceedingly desirous to receive 'lv settlers, knowing that the resources of their coun try will thus become developed, and their own property increased in value; and tLerefore they era not likely to ' °tfr injury to those whom they desire to receive amongst th ' in. They are too rich to render theft worthy of their attention. Unprotected loaded waggons, which have brok en down on the high road, have been known to re main unmolested for many days. They boast of their admitted honesty in paying their debts, and in a legal telgard fOr the rights and prosperity of others." In illustration of the foregoing, he gives an I nteresting anecdote, which may be found at Page 41. Another subject of immense im- Portance to all emigrants is treated upon with With a remarkable degree of particularity, we mean the dangers and annoyances likely to befal the settler In consequence of the various kinds of beasts, insects, a nd reptiles—for example, bears, panthers, wolves, Wild cats, racoons, alligators, alligator-gars, rattle snakes, moccasin-snakes, tarantulas, centipedes, prairie flies, and musquitoes. With reference to the lust mentioned, namely, the musquitoes, he speaks t hus emphatically : " At Jefferson we were much annoyed with them; but with this exception, and that of portions of the river bottom s and hog-wallow plume, we never saw them in br=as. N.B. Texas, as a whole, is free from them ; and e settlers do not use musquitoe bars. Trees may be anted around the dwellings in dry places, without f earin g to h ar b our t h ese creatures; b u t i n we t l oca li t i es it j W , ll to live away from the wood. They are of a very light frame, and a light breeze blows them away." All the foregoing advantages above enumerated are singularly enhanced by the extraordinary salubrity of t he province, as described by the writer, himself a Phatsician, and consequently well calculated to pro nounce an opinion upon the subject. Dr. Smith not V3' eulogises the healthfulness of that particular tvi`tion of the American continent, but enumerates the following as among the principal causes of its salubrity :Ist, The 010Tai911 of the country, or of parts of the Nharton, v. s spoken t sprung lauritius. sunk this ItY.) LLL. to lOs Od ; ,is Od to 5d to 9d; rey Fowls, lo 7s Od ; ple ; Fresh gs, 12s od kl per 100 id to 2s od; to 3s 6d ; 9d to 2s d to ls Od; Widgeons, Od to 41; to 44 4d is 10d to rk, 2. 8d to 41 to 14s; Whitings, to 2s each; n. lb.; Large ) 8d each ; 2s 9d per lb. ers, Is 3d to 15s; Scotch to 603 per Is to is 6d tropolis ars 6d per 41bs itto, 641 b to lid; ditto, , 3d to 31 4 ; to 1121 b, Od full, 5s id to p, 5s od to 3d3 Downs, 115; Clovet to 1/ 8. pet !106; Closer 'to 11 9s per to 3/ 8s :3 to 1/ 7s per h demand. ;'OLK. Or LAND. rers W enamor eir banks, and L arable land, twning abe ep , I, &c., forcing les doing inn- In those parts am. Blundall, d. Haddiscoth the hundreds has not been 'rcm Norwich jubt peeping d incrretsing eep the trains being washed hands are en should occur, any accident. passing over hare been ent time pro occurred, And r the railwAl of Reedhaul; tber 10 sheep , es floating en s around hale e on the high ds and home' district son . i° water, and it° I Mutford, eat, oats. 11,i 9 of the rising hich cannot be DILL Cottages rns filled with ies and nidit; iprisoned, an ;itrdens, whe re ., ach, are tod." hing away th e ng all that le tricts betwee n ircuit of more 9 land is now by the rsilwq amble lim pid ,NS Rd ' Receipts of date to which •;elpts of the P.' Last week. 580 2,961 2,200 15,115 2,126 1,555 2,525 117 40,024 b3B 7,667 8,115 4,3(,8 20,389 1,159 620 2,698 6,1 8 2,329 1,153 194 11,989 b,939 S S' lON AND or s of the dire t he held at . 0 0 the transA, r rs hat the AP ° CO lio If view. 00 idited scOettli t o Is amoun t r e r missionerof the D iceoine °, 0 0 Ind intert o ; s sl. including 'lumber of ' - to as well 08 0 e' 1. A 2d. 10 0G for s ge o ui r o, angley, esent. t he , e that , bonnet or b p li ngßy -th e are re f ;0 is the pr' amok, •. 413 3,285 5,931 1,213 595 551 873 2,615 3,6.2 18,256 11,134 2,839 11 6 37, 7514 51! 7, 32 ' 7, 75 ! 2,0' 98 ,464 04 3 ' s 9 A l 2,S l ' 4. 6 ~ , 169 ;40 1, 359 • 1r), 1, ( 3 1, 7 0 11,,„0 363 1,324 303 8,300 1,275 1,457 778 THE SUN, LONDON, SAT URDA Y EVENING, country, ablve the level or tl,e Gll'i of the b:d of great r:wrs. " 2d. The nature of the soil. " 3d. The climate, as it rep - cts terup ra ° are, rainy, and ninde. " 4th. The food and water. " 5;11. The temprance and eleanlineia of the >p'o,.. " 6th. The appjarance of the couni ry." We cannot better close cur allusions to the inte resting little volume before ua th:in by transcribing from it the following vivid and charming portraiture of the general appearance of the province : "In N. E. Texas no barren rock nor arid waste, nor offensive marsh exists; but the spirits and the mind are healthfully excited by the appearance of a country haying a beauti'ully undulating surface, agreeably diversified by woodttnd and prairie, and with an infinitude of little rip pling rills, bre:aking it up into hills and valleys. The surface is everywhere covered with the most lux uriant vegetation. The foliage of the trees and shrubs has a variety, beauty, and symmetry, unknown to less genial climes. Flowers of the richest hue, and suited to every taste, adorn the prairie; and even the unsightly river bottoms are rendered more detestable by the twining of the beautitul cactus, and other climbers, which form the ornaments of European hot-houses. The birds flitting from tree to tree are very numerous, of elegant form and of beautiful colours; and wally of them warble too. The ground, and the gratis, ar,d indeed every thing, swarm with insects of beautiful forms and colours unknown to us. The birds of prey, even, as the goshawk and the forked-tail hawk, are lovely creatures. The dreaded rattle and mocassin snakes have most beautiful painted skins, and tho tarantula, to my eye, an elegant form and colour. Nature there exists in a million forms to which we are strangers; and every where she clothes herself in beauty. You cannot but admire the green-headed prairie fly, which maddens sour horse in the mid-day sun; and the mosquito which torments you at night is unsurpassed in lightness and elegance of form. So soon as the evening sets in, the grasshopper, locust, and other insects, fill the air with their beautifully tuned songs ; and the tree frog, and the various kinds of night birds pleasingly swell the chorus. To my mind no country offers so much beauty and luxury. and it is probable that the poet and the painter will ere long rank there as ordinary inhabitants; and whilst Texas has an indisputable right to its title of the Italy of America, it also lays claim to the not less enviable one of the garden of the world. No description of a remote country could be at once more circumstantial and more fascinating than the one here given by Dr. Edward Smith of the province of Telma, one of the most fruitful, beautiful, and salubrious countries in the whole extent of the American Continent. CITY ELECTIONS. BRIDGE WARD. Yesterday being Sr. nutrias's Day, a vvardmate of the freemen and home holders of the ward of Bridge was held at noon, in the Vestry-room of Sr. Magnu4 Church. Fish street hill, for the election of Common Councihnen and other officers for the ensuing year; Alderman Sir Chaprn,n harsh ill in the chair. At ter the clerk had read the precept, Sir Ch APMAN MARSHALL said they were all no doubt aware that since they met last year for the election of officers a new Act of Parliament had been passed (the 12th and 13th of Vic.), which altered the elective franchise and the mode of voting, and be was happy in being able to congratulate them that these alterations would conduce to the benefit and welfare of the respective wards of the city of London. The election of the inquest, whose duty it is to sup press all nuisances, to prevent the using of fals, weights and Does -urce, and to report to the Gaut of Alderne.n the names of ad persons carrying on business in the ward without being freemen of the city, was then pro ceeded with, but excited no opposition. Mr. HENRY' GIBBS said, as the different Ilr'inbeTS of the Common Council whose term of office had just ex• Fired offered themselves for re-election, he had very grt at pleasure in nominating Limn again as eandit!ates for the Ake for the ensuing year; but in doing so he bad no in en t ion whatever of shutting out any other gentleman who ightthiek fit to present himself, and he was Lctuated only by the conviction that every inhabitant of the ward telt proud of the sincerity, worth, and ability of the class of gentlemen who composed the Common Council of the past year. He begged, therefore, to propose the follow ing gentlemen:— James Lowe, stationer; Thomas Pewtress, stationer; William Knott, haberdasher; John Hills, net dlemsker; Jacob George Cope, fishmonger ; Henry Mathew, stationer ; William Chadwick, builder ; Charles Whetharn. leather-seller. Mr. EATRY seconded the motion, expressing a hope that they would enjoy health and prosperity, and be enabled long to fulfil the duties of their office. Mr. TUCKER wished to know whether Mr. Lowe and Mr. Pewtress were qualified to present themselves as candidates for the office, and whether the new law did not render their election illegal. The CLERK said that those two Honourable Gen tlemen were perfectly qualified. The ancient law of the city was that any inhabitant householder who was properly rated could offer himself as a common councilman, and the new law did not in any way destroy the right or alter or vary the nature of the quali fication required, but it brought into existence a new class of persons who could stand for the office, and this was done by opening up the Parliamentary register. He apprehended that it did not now matter whether a candidate was of one ward or of another. After a discussion with respect to the wretched state of the drainage in the neighbourhood of Hart-street, Lombard-street, which it was alleged had placed the lives of several persons in jeopardy, and to which the at tention of the Common Council was invited, Mr. TUCKER proposed the name of Mr. W. Gain, felt maker, as a common councilman. The CHAtestArt then put the names of the candidates seriatim, when the number of bands held up for each was as follows: James Lowe ... ... ... 36 Thomas Pewtress ... ... ... 34 Wm Knott ... ... ... 34 John Hills ... ... ... 30 Jacob George Cope 30 Charles Whethara ... ... ... 30 Henry Mathew ... ... ... 26 Wm. GAin ... ... ... ... 25 Wm. Chadwick The CHAIRMAN then declared that the first eight gen tlemen were duly elected common councilmen of the ward for the ensuing year. Mr. CHAnwxcx said he would not give the wardmote the trouble of going to a poll, and, in perfect good feeling, he thanked them for the trust and confidence which they had reposed in him during the past year, and bowed with all submission to their present election of Mr. Gain in his place, for owing to his long residence in the ward and his ether qualifications, he would no doubt serve them better than be hid d one.—( Ch eers ) _ After the transaction of some other business the ward mote separated. ALDERSGATE. Alderman Sir P. Laurie presided. Some discussion took place upon the sutject of the Act recently passed with regard to City elections. Mr. Beasley complained of it as disfranchising one-third of the voters of the ward, whilst the number was small enough before. The warantote then proceeded to ,the election of Common Councilmen; the votes were as follows :--.Mr. Wood ward, 65; Mr. Da Jersey, 54; Mr. Godson, 66; Mr. Stacey, 58; Mr. Lorking, 50; Mr. Norris, 70; Mr. Wood, 73; •Mr. Chaplin, 66; *Mr. Allcock, 38. Sir PETER LAURIE declared the first eight gentlemen elected; whereupon a poll was demanded on behalf of Mr. Al!cock. It takes place to-day (Saturday) be tween 10 and 4 o'clock. BILLINGSGATE. The following gentlemen were elected Common Coun cilmen :—Mr. Curling (Deputy); Mr. B. Bower; Mr. J. Knill; Mr. J. Robtrts; Mr. R. M. Phillips; Mr. W. Williams; Mr. W. G. Baines; Mr. J. Carter. iltnnt for the ward:—Mr. Briggs, Mr. R!dhearl, Mr. Young, Mr. Airchcson, Mr. Turnbull, Mr. Buckley, Mr. Ws lie, - and Mr. Ward. VINTRY. Sir W. Me.pay pre,,ided. The following Common Councilmen were re-rlec , e , ':--Mr. Archer (Deputy), Mr. Spragu, Mr. Lepa:d, Mr. D. White, Mr. Mason, and Mr. Coleman. Mr. Coleman wished to move votes of thanks to the Ci!j7 Court of Sewers and to Mr. C. Pearson, for their services on the late gas mov,,ment; hut Sir W. Msgnny declared the subjscts to be out of order, and declined to receive them. CHRISTMAS PRESENTS. Christmas books and Christmas boxes are just now the order of the day, and notwithstanding the intellectual attractions of the former, the latter, are, we apprehend, the greatest favourites with the great majority. The bazaars and toy shops are now filled with glittering tempta tions, and crowded with groups of happy anxious youngsters " home for the Holidays." Having inspected the bazaar of Mr. Cremer, 10, Bridge-- street, Westminster, we can safely commend it to the notice of all seekers of Christmas presents. To give a list of the attractive articles therein displayed would be an impossible, or at least a difficult matter. Conspicuous among them all are the Christmas-trees, loaded with wax-tapers and every branch heavy with pendent toys and bon bons, ready for distribution among a party of juve niles. Bonbonieres of various forms, some remarkable for grace and elegance ; toys of every imaginable va riety ; conjuring tricks for amateur wizards; houses and furniture tit for the royal family of Lilliput ; all the animals of the Ark and many more ; strew the tables of Mr. Cremer's bazaar. Having enumerated so much, and yet leaving much untold, we recom mend, for further particulars, the curious in such matters to apply personally at Bridge- street. FINE ARTs. DRAWINGS BY EDWIN LANDSEER,R.A. Three admirable coloured drawings by the inimitable Landseer have just been engraved and issued from the Messrs. Grundy's establishment. Having very recently seen these remarkable sketches at the Gallery in Regent street, we are able to ap preciate the fidelity with which they have been copied by the hand of the engraver. One of the drawings represents " Napoleon's Eagle" perched on the summit of a crag in a dejected posi tion, with a recumbent phantom of the Emperor visible cn the disc of the setting sun—a pen cilling of extraordinary power and solemn effect, being very finely emblematic of the setting of the great man's fortunes. The second drawing is that of a " Huntsman," sur rounded by the hounds. The bristling tails of the pack, and the rounded and symmetrical limbs of the hunter having a most felicitous and animated appear ance. The third and last of the series is the original study of the great picture from the hand of this distinguished artist variously termed the " Challenge" and "Coming Events cast their Shadows Before. " What is mesa retaarkable in the three sketches is the wonderful effect produced by a few apparently random touches th - own in by the hand of a master genius— a power visible not only in the original drawings themselves, but also in the three beautiful and emi nently successful engravings just published. RIMMELL'S PERFUMED ALMANAC.K, 1850. This is the second year of the appearance of this elegantly got up, tastefully ornamented, and deli• ciously perfumed Alnianach de Luxe, and the Alma neck for 1850 is even more richly decorated than was its predecessor. In the lady's writing-desk, and on her boudoir-tav,le, the Perfumed Almanack should always be found. We opine that there will be great demand for these almanacks as Christmas and New Year's presents. THE BANKING ALMANACK FOR 1850 This most useful publication is a complete Banking Directory. It contains a Diary, the Calendar, the Funds, the Note Circulation Returns, abstracts of Parliamentary Returns, Bank of England Statistics, an Analysis of the Acts passed last Session, and an abstract of the new Bankruptcy Act, the Stamp Act, with the legal decisions thereon ; a Par lia►nentary Directory, a Life Assurance Directory, and a complete Banking Directory. It is, in short, a perfect mirror of Banking and Monetary Statistics. MR. WYNN PAYNE'S MAP OF CEYLON. We have been favoured with a view of the original design of au illustrated map of Ceylon, 8 feet by 5. This gigantic map is the work of Charles Wynn Payne, Esq , who resided on the island many years, the whole of which he devoted to the study of the geographical features, and the numerous and valu able resources of this splendid colony, which has enabled him to produce a map more correct than any which has been hitherto published, comprising the altitudes and names of mountains, the true course of the rivers, the depth of the bays, the geological indications, the sites of the British plantations, and the climate, latitude, longitude, and depth of water in each Port. The map, which has obtained the pa tronage of the East India Company, and of several of our notabilities connected with the East, will be illustrated by views of the scenery of the island. Mr. Payne is already favourably known to the public as the author of a series of pamphlets on our eastern empire; and from the first of them we extract the following description of Ceylon, the capabilities of which have been, it would seem, strangely, not to say culpably, neglected by all the promoters of various schemes of emigration • C the key of the East,' situated between 6 and 10 degrees of north latitude, and between 79 and 82 degrees of east longitude, is bounded on the south by the Indian Oectan, on the north and east by the Bay of Ben gal, and on the west by the Gulf of M a n nar ; an d i s divided into five provinces—namely, the northern, the southern, the eastern, the we s tern, and the central. Its climate, tempered by the genial breathing of the trade winds, is peculiarly benign ; and the fertility of a so il irrigated by countless crystalline streams, render this island one of the most enviable possessions which any country can boast. Thickly wooded and m ountainous in the centre ; the coast flat and planted with cinnamon groves and cocoa-nut trees, it presents the sublimest and most interesting features; and to the geologist and the Natu ralist it must ever be a sphere of the greatest attraction. Countless herds of wild cattle wander through its bills, forests, and valleys. The deer, buffalo, wild hog, and other animals which the nati ves h o ld to have b een dr i ven from the main land across Adams Bridge,' a name given to the narrow strait between the East India Com pany's territories and the island, are exceedingly nu merous, and the flocks of wild fowl of almost every genus would win many an English sportsman, were they willing to seek a good exchange for powder and shot in a foreign ramble—to leave the artificial preserves of England for the well-stocked forests of Ceylon; while to the brethren of the angle the clear waters offer all that they can desire. The forests of teak, satinwood, black ebony, tulip-wood, beetle nut, and cocoa-nut trees, which towtr in sublime altitude, are most extensive; and the numerous plaintains. like genii of hospitality distributed through the luxuriance of the land, afford st once sustenance and a shelter. In a word, the resources of the country, whether we look to it s ca p a bili t y o f sup porting animal toits commercial and mineral trea sures, or to its inducements to the naturalist, the emi grant, and the sportsman, elevate it to the first rank as a colonial possession, a nd .‘ as a sph ere towards which t h e surplus population of Great Britain might be directed— a course and current of humanity which it is hoped may find its source in the philanthropy and paternal solici tude of the Home Government. Asa spice island it is invaluable, and the growth of tobreco , sugar , an d cot t on might become, by a little politic encouragement, of incal culable value." LIE NOTTINGHAM SAVINGS' BANK.—ERRATIINI.— In a communication which appeared in our paper on the )3th iust., explanatory of the legal position of depo sitors in savings' batiks, by a of the pen the word Nottingham was written for Northampton, by which a r , JereLce to a thialcation in a savings' bank, a few years ago, was mad e t o a pply to Nottingham instead of LictrthilLaptOUl BISHOPSGAiE WARD. The following gentlemen were caedidates in this ward:—Messrs. W. Stevens, W. A. Peacock, J. R. Carr, R. Ashby, IL Patten, T. Hall, W. 11. Filcher, S. S. Owden, R. Thomas, W. Jones, C. Gilpin, M. Hopgood, George Taylor, C. Lambe, •J. C.,Edruiston,*W. F. Ross. The first fourteen gentlemen were elected. BROAD STREET. Members returned to the Common Council:—Messrs. T. Cotney (Derut)). T. NV. Forster, B. W. Jupp, S. Baker, H. F. Gadsden, 11. Brown, C. Warton, and J. Humphreys (new member returned in the room cf Mr. H. Marriott (deceased). CANDLEWICK. Sir G. Carroll presided. Mr. Evans, Mr. Dskins, Mr. Bond, Mr. TowsP, Mr. Elliott, and Mr. Blades, were el. cted Common Cuuncilmen. CASTLE BAYNARD. Alderman Samuel Wilson presided. There was no opposition, and the following gentlemen wore re-sleeted:—Messrs. J. Bayley, 11. Moggeridge, W. Barber, J. Hoppe, F. Farrar, R. Hicks, R. Adlard, and W. H. Carlin. CORD WAIN ERS. Mr. Alderman Salomons presided. The old members of the Common Council were re elected without opposition, v'll., Messrs. Lott (deputy), H. L. Taylor, Tress, Joyce, Croucher, and Clark. CHEAP. The following gentlemen were unanimously elected Common Councilmen:—Mr. Brooke (deputy), Mr. Eu genius Fenning, Mr. Edward Watson, Mr. Edward Dixon, Mr. George Oliver, Mr. R. G. Pead, Mr. William Bsrnes. Mr. Jonathan Thorpe was chosen in the room of Mr. Hardwick, who retired, having been already that day elected for Bassiahaw. CORNHILL. The Lord Mayor, in consequence of the severe indis position of Sir John Pirie, presided. Tne followicg gentlemen were, without opposition, elected Com mon Councilmen for the ensuing year: Mr. J. W. Har rison (deputy), Mr. J. Carter, Mr. R. Randall, Mr. J. Waterlog, Mr. R. Devey, and Mr. Robert Johnson (in the room of Mr. Hunter, retired). CRIPPLEGATE WITHOUT. Alderman Challis presided. The following gentlemen were proposed, and the numbers taken for each. The names and numbers were—Mr. R. L. Junes, 90 • Mr. Saddler, 65; Mr. William King, 56 ; Mr. S. Ree d, 54 ; Mr. J. Smith, 53; Mr. Headway, 52; Mr. Johnson, 52. Mr. SORRELL proposed, and Mr. LARTI E seconded, Mr. J. E3ke, for whom 35 haada were raised. Mr. BATLEY proposed, and Mr. SPENCER seconded, Mr. George Cuthbert, for whom the numbers were 24. Mr. SPENCER, on the part of Mr. Cuthbert, demanded a poll, which was fixed to commence this day at ten o'clock. FARRINGDON WITHIN. Mr. Alderman Kelly presided. A ♦acancy was occasioned by the retirement of Mr. Ridley. There were three new candidates, via. —Mr. E. Phillips, Mr. Nicholson, and Mr. Bundy, each anxious to fill it. On a show of hands the Alderman gate the num bore against Mr. Watkinsen, an old member, and Mr. Bundy, one of the new condidates. Both these gentle men declining to go to a poll, the old members, with the addition of Mr. C. Phillips and Mr. Nicholson, were elected. FARRINGDON WITHOUT. This Ward assembled in the New Court, Old Bailey, and was presided over by Sir J. Duke, M.P., to pro ceed with the election of councillors. The following was the list i St. Sepulchre's—Mr. J. T. Bedford (Deputy), Mr. J. M. Barnard, Mr. T. Turner, Mr. T. IL Fox, Mr. C. E. Butler, and Mr. R. Williams. St. Andrew's—Mr. Richard Taylor and Mr. Buck master. St. Mari'n'e—Mr. James Anderton and Mr. Nicholas T. Isherwood. St. Dunstan's—Mr. E. Hodgson, Mr. Henry John Lies, end Mr. George Walter. St. Bride's—Mr. R. Obbard (Deputy), Mr. Samuel S. Edkins, and Mr. Theodore C. Bates. Sir J. DUKE asked if any other gentleman had a came to propose. Mr. T. PARRY proposed Mr. T. Cotterell as a fit and proper person to serve as s common councilman, and handed it in. _ — Sir J. DUKE said that in consequence of the new Act of Parliament the ballot should commence the following day at ten o'clock, and close at four precisely. Mr. COTTERELL complained that although a lease h..lder of seven houses, and a ratepayer for fifteen years, his name was by an accident omitted from the registra tion list. Mr. MASTERMAN also complained of being, as a free man, deprived by the late Act, the 11th and 12th Vic•osia, of the privileges he enjoyed under the 11th George I. Under the hitter Act, to be an occupier was sufficient, but by the 11th and 12th Victoria his name should appear on the r, gistration list. Sir J. DUKE said that in a conversation he bad with Lord John Russell on the subject of the Bill, he com plained of that and other things in the Bill, and the Noble Lord promised to have them rectified. Sir J. lluxs then put the name of each candidate separately, and called for a show of hands, when it appearing that Mr. Henry John Liss was in a minority, a poll was demanded in h►s behalf, which takes place this day at ten o'clock and closes at four. LANGBOURN. The members of the Common Cuuncil for the past year were re-elected, viz. :—Satnuel Unwin (D.-puty), J. Dixon, W. J. Frodsham, T. Snelling, Ebenezer Howard, E. Shaw, J. H. Gibson, 11. Miller. TOWER. The following gentlemen were chosen Common Coun NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. The Right Honourable Sir Francis T. Baring, Bart., left the Admiralty yestetday, for the country, during the holidays. Rear-Admiral Deans Dunda, C. 13., ALP., will also leave town this day, for a week or ten days. PROMOTIONS The following lieutenants have been promoted to the rank of ennimander Lieutenant Robert W. Suckling (1838), now serv ing as first of the Rattlesnake, surveying New Guinea. lie entered the navy in 1828, passed his examination in 1829, and served nine years as a mate. Lieutenant James Francis Ballard Wainwright (December, 1841), flag-lieutenant to the late War- Admiral Sir F. Collier, commander-in-chief in the East Indies. Ile entered the navy October, 1832 ; passed his examination, January, 1840. As a lieutenant he served in the Constance, 50, pre viously to being appointed fl,g-lieutenant to Sir F. Collier. Assistant Surgeons—John A. Corbett (1840), of the Pluto, steam-vessel, on the coast of Africa; and James Fisher (1840), of the Powerful, 84, in the Mediterranean, have been promoted to the rank of surgeon. APPOINTMENTS. It will be seen by a notice elsewhere that one of the vacant captains' good service pensions has been conferred upon that distinguished Arctic voyager, Captain Sir James Clark Ross. Lieutenants—W. H. Haswell (1845), formerly of the Penelope, late flag ship on the coast of Africa, to the Inve,tigator ; Joshua Berkeley (1849), to the Phaeton, 50, fitting at Sheerness; Thomas Bremer, from the Penzance coast guard-station to command the revenue cutter Eagle, vice R. Poole, to the Illus trious, depot ship of Portsmouth ordinary ; Robert Hopkins, from Haddocks coast-guard station, to Townshend, vice Pearson, removed; Walker Taylor, from Milk Cove coast-guard station to Glandore, vice George Burtchael, to 31 tower station, vice J. B. Stewart, previously removed. Masters—William Sanders Hele,to be in command of a coast-guarchstation ; William Harry Ernes, tram Crowbeck coast-guard station to Newhaven Harbour, vice Lieutenant Henry Gordon Veitch, to the Fis gard, flag•ship, at Woolwich. Captain Sir Baldwin Walker, K.C.8., Surveyor of the Navy, arrived at Moreshead's Hotel, Devonport, on Wednesday evening, and visited the yard at nine o'clock on Thursday morning. He repaired on board the Indefatigable, 50, where he was met by the master shipwright and Captain Smart. lie also officially visited several parts of the yard, and did not leave it before 4 P.M. The Artic searching ships Enterprise, Captain Col linson, C. 8., and the Investigator, Commander M'Clure, now rapidly fitting at Woolwich, will pro ceed as soon as manned to the Sandwich Islands, where the Plover, Commander Moore, will join the expedition and be under the orders of Captain Col linson. The Enterprise will betaken out o f d oc k on the 22d inst„ and the Investigator will be corn. pleted by the 29th. They have entered only half-a dozen men yet. The inducement of double pay, to commence only after they have rounded Cape Horn, is not deemed sufficient. The new screw for the Termagant, 24 screw steam frigate, has arrived at Portsmouth, and the ship has been hauled under the shears in the basin to have her old one taken out and the new one shipped ; the latter is 15 feet 6 inches in diameter, with a pitch o f 17 f eet 3 inches. She will come into dock early next week. The Sidon, 26, steam frigate, is alongside the Portsmouth yard jetty. There is so much to do to her that she will nut be tried along the measured mile till the first week in January. The Penelope, steam-frigate, is being examined in the new dock at Portsmoutb, No. 1. She was taken in when the Birkenhead went out. _ The blocks at the slip vacated by the Argus at Portsmouth are being placed for the reception of the Royal Sovereign. Shipwrights are getting her stem piece and keel ready for placing. The new steamer, the Argus, will probably le docked when the Devastation comes out. The latter is in a forward state, and has a number of ship. wrights on her to hasten her completion. The Gladiator, steam•frigate, at Devonport, is to be brought forward for commission.. The Lucifer, steam-vessel, Lieutenant-Commander Lloyd, is complete and ready for sea, at Devonport. She vvi.s to be paid wages on Thursday morning, after which she was to sail fur Cork. The Eurydice, 2G, has been towed up Portsmouth Harbour, but will be brought forward again for corn missi,n soon. The Philumel, 8, has been taken out of No. 2 dock at Devonport, and is to be masted for com missioning. SUPSRANNUATIONS AT DEYONPORT. —Nicholas Luke, locksmith, 241. per annum ; Robert Wright, shipwright, 241. ditto; Charles Jope, shipwright, a gratuity of two months' wages. PORTSMOUTH, FElDAY. — During the week the half-yearly examination of the students at the R0y...1 Naval College in this dockyard has been held. To-day the result has been promulgated, by which we are enabled to announce the names of the successful officers:— Mr. Alfred P. H. Helby, mate, R.N., has earned his promotion to the ralik of Lieutenant, having passed the best examination of his class of candidates. This officer is the son of Commander John H. Helby (1847), and was the first recipient of the pries for proticitney in study established by the late Lord Auckland amongst the numerous other boons given by that First Lord to the service—the Naval Cadet ship to the Royal Naval School at New Cross. Second-Lieutenants Jull and Bridges have also passed their examinations, and been found qualified for their appointment to the Royal Marine Artillery Corps. The following gentlemen cadets have been found qualified for commissions in the Royal Marine C orps at this examination : Messrs. M.ouli, Williams, Foster, Tait, and Harrington. Messrs. Foster and Harrington have been recom mended to study for the Royal Marine Artillery, and will return to the Royal Naval College at the close of the recess. Mr Harrington received his appointment as cadet from the Royal Naval School, New Cross, last Mid summer, which was awarded him for his proficiency in mathematics and classics. He also carried off the gold and silver medals. The students of the Royal Naval College broke up for the Christmas recess this day. They will re assemble on the 21st of January. Yesterday the Royal Marine Artillery, under the command of Colonel Gibsone, its Commandant, went out to Fort Cumberland for practice. when some most effective firing was exhibited with spherical case from 6-pounder guns, 12 pounder medium guns; 12 pounder, 24 pounder, and winch howitzers, at targets placed seawards, at the respective ranges of 700 and 1,100 yards. The firing was most admirable. There was also rocket practice from the 8-pounder rocket guns, 6-pounder, 12-pounder, and 24 pounder rocket tubes. In consequence of the high wind this practice was not so good as we have witnessed on former occasions; still the firing from the 3-pounder guns showed the great advantage, in our opinion, of the gun (when it can be used) over the tube. This day's firing concluded the practice for the year. There is a new sea-service practice battery to represent the lower-deck of her Majesty's ship Howe, 120, in course of erection at Fort Cumberland, under the able direction of Mr. Benjamin Bramble, Mayor of Portsmouth, who has the contract for that and other important works connected with this dockyard and defences. Much speculation is rife as to whether the suc cessor to Sir Francis Collier in the India and China command will commission a ship for his flig, or take to the Hastings, 72, Captain Morgan, already out there. Our letters from the station express warm hopes of the latter, as the Hastings has only been 18 months in commission, and is in first•rate order in every respect; her officers and crew are admirably assorted, and she has not lost a man by sickness or any other cause since she was commissioned—a most extraordinary and remarkable fact. In point of economy, too, the retention of the Hastings in her present position will be highly advantageous. The repair of the damage done to the Contest by her late collision with the Fairy will be complete by Wednesday next. She will be paid advance here, and will sail from Spithead on or about the 28th, for Plymouth, to ship the mail for the coast of Africa. The Fairy is to be docked on Monday, to see if' she has sustained any damage in fouling the Contest. IN PORT AND FITTING. In Harbour—The Victory, Excellent, Illustrious, Blenheim, Contest, Rolla, Fairy and Elfin royal yachts, Portsmouth yacht and Echo tug, the Sidon, fitting as an advance steam-frigate. In Dock—The Dauntless, Fire Queen, Britannia, Fantome, Lily, Devastation, Fox, and Penelope. In the Basin—The Princess Charlotte, Argus, Termagant, and Bee steam vessels. In the Steam basin—The Ajax, Basilisk, Urgent, Victoria and Albert, Blazer, Pike, and Asp. SINGAPORE, OCT. 18.—Her Majesty's ship Renard, 11-guns, Captain P. Cracroft, arrived at this port at midnight on the 14th inst., having picked up the Cleopatria, 26, Captain Massey, becalmed and very DECEMBER 22, 1849 short of water, and towed her nearly all the way from the Straits of Barlett, Most fortunate it .as that the Reynard fell in with her, as :ships have been at this season of the yell- a fortnight doing a distance which did not occupy the Reynard two days, even with the Cleopatra in tow. She averaged a speed of 41 knots, notwithstanding the intense heat (136 deg.) in the stoke-hole. She would have been here some days ago but at Ai jeer, where she arrived on the 7th, she found orders awaiting her to call at Batavia, where she arrived on the next day, and found the Meander, 44, Captain the Hon. H. Keppel, just about to sail for Port Essington, New South Wales, and California. She had been relieved by the Amazon, 24, Captain Troubridge, which ship is now here, and Captain Troubridge is f u r the present senior officer in the Straits, with the Alba tross, 16, Commander Farquhar, under his orders. The Albatross and Nemesis have just had 27,7001. sterling awarded them as head money for the de strw:tion of some pirat€s in the Borneo rivers. The Reynard sails to•morrow for Sarawak and Labuan, and thence joins the Admiral at Hong Kong. The Cleopatra sails on the same day for liong-Kong, but calls at Labuan only. The Reynard is the first ves selon the screw principle that has ever doubled the Cape, and has made a most favourable voyage, highly promising in every respect". She encountered a dreadful gale off St. Paul's. The following is a summary of her woi king out ;—Total period at sea from England (June 5), 99 days 10 hours; total period at anchor, 24 days 16 hours ; total distance run, 14,973 miles; consumption of fuel, 65 tons only. Woonwrcn, Drc. 21.—The wind has blown so strong during the m hole of the early part of the present week that it was with the greatest difficulty Captain Johnson, with h 4 assistant, was able to take the bearings of the Archer steam-sloop when at the moorings at Greenhithe. A temporary lull in the recent gales enabled the vessel to swing round on Tuesday, and the Gallant Captain, after nearly five hours labour in the pelting rain, was enabled to have the compasses satisfactorily adjusted. It was in tended to make another trial of the brass screw-pro peller on Wednesday last, and the whole of the officers studying steam at the factory, with Mr. F. P. Smith, of the screw-propeller department at the Admiralty, went down to Greenhithe on that day for the purpose of being present, but the wind was so strong that the vessel did not leave her moorings. The officers studying steam also went down to Green hithe on Thursday, with Mr. Tricket, assistant to the chief engineer, but they were again disappointed, as the weather continued unfavourab!e. Mr. Hen derson, master-attendant at Devonport dockyard, having joined from leave, would wait no longer for further trials of the Archer, and left Greenhithe yesterday morning in that vessel, to navigate her round to Devonport, where she is to be commissioned The Tiger steam sloop, recently launched at Chat ham, and brought round to the East India Docks at Blackwall, to have her engines put on board, was only able to be taken into the dock on Monday. She is five feet longer than the lock of the dock, and could only be taken in at extreme high water. The Desperate steam sloop was taken into the East India Docks yesterday, to be fitted with her engines by Maudslay, Sons, and Field; and the Horatio steam-guardship was taken out on the same day, to be towed to the City Canal Works, to have her en gines put in by Messrs. Seaward and Co. The Monkey steam vessel, Master Commander William Bryant, went down the river this morning to Tilbury Fort, to convey a company of pensioners to Woolwich, where they will embark as a convict guard on board the Bengalore hired convict ship, at present taking on board 300 male convicts for Van Diemen's Land. NEW ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. The interior of this beautiful little theatre was lighted up on Thursday evening as for a performance, and a large party of gentlemen assembled within its walls by the invitation of Mr. Watts, the ent er p r i s i ng l essee, for the purpose of having a private inspection of the fittings up and decorations preparatory to its being opened to the public, on Wednesday. It was only on the 29th of March last that the old Olympic was burnt down, and on its site there has arisen, as though by magic, the present elegant structure. The box entrance is the centre door of the theatre frontage in Wych street. A noble staircase of fire-proof Port land stone conducts the visitor to an elegant saloon, passing through saich to a spacious cloak room, admission is immediately gained to the dress circle, constructed to accommodate about three hundred per sons, and elegantly fitted up in separate seats, with arm and back supports to each, cushioned and covered with crimson velvet. The private boxes, twelve in number, are arranged to contain six persons each, and fitted up in the best possible style of comfort and elegance; the box slips' approach is by a distinct staircase apart from the dress circle. The stalls (the appraach to which is by the box entrarce) are separately disposed, to give ample room to sixty visitors, each being superbly provided and fitted with cushioned arm and back supports, and the whole covered with crimson velvet. The pit entrance is on the right of the boxes, in '4'3'oh-street ; a short fire proof paAssge leads to the pit itself, which is capacious in the extreme, and so constructed as to accommodate easily one thousand persons, and affords the greatest facility for see . ng at every point of its ample and commodious area. The gallery entrance is in New castle-street ; the approach is by a bold and ample fire proof staircase. The gallery has been fitted up in a most comfortable and substantial manner, and calculated to give accommodation to eight hundrA visitors. Four air shafts have also been constructed (on an entirely new and original principle), two from the pit and two from the boxes, for the general pur poses of ventilation and equable temperature. The stage is constructed on the most approved and novel principle by Mr. R. J Strachan, late of the Lyceum Theatre. The decoration of the theatre has been entrusted to Mr. Aglio, in which he has been assisted by ?lr. Aglio, jun., and other numerous artists; the following outline will convey a faint description of their joint labours :—The ceiling is divided into four ecmpartments, in each of which is represented a figure emblematical of one of the four seasons. Spring, a young female crowned with flowers ; Sum mer, a young woman crowned with wheat ; Autumn, a female in attitude with the produce of the grape; and Winter as a n o ld man fl y i ng f rom th e bl uster i ng winds. These four compartments are separated by ornamental divisions in the arabesque style. The front of the gallery tier is divide) into compartments by gold-rteded colum ns , eac h compartment d ecorate d with various groups of arabesque ornaments, divided by chiaro-scuro cupids on a blue ground ; the com partments contain a varied centre of masks and musical instruments, with cameos. The box tier, corresponding with the above, and connected with figures of cupids, in the same style. Gold and bronze columns supporting them, and each compartment richly decorated. It has been a particular plan of the artist to keep the proscenium in its decoration sepa rated, so as to form only a frame to the decorating of the stage. The predominant colours are white and gold, and the ornaments principally of the arch are chiaroscuro, in the centre of which is a group of the Nine Muses, with their attributes. The drop scene is a beautiful architectural composition, and is exqui sitely painted. The audience portion of the theatre is lighted by a magnificent glass chandelier, manu factured by Apsley Pellatt and Co. This chandelier has three hundred jets of gas. The construction of the theatre is as nearly faultless as the confined nature of the ground on which it stands will permit. A full view of the stage is commanded from every portion of the stalls, pit, and gallery. The company engaged is very strong, including Messrs. G. V. Brooke, Frank Matthews, Compton, Wigan, Meadows, John Reeve, Scharf, Davenport, Ryder, and Holl, and Mes dames Mowatt, Fanny Vining, Seymour, Marshall, L. Marshall, A. Wigan, and C. Horn. The gratitude of every playgoer is due to Mr. Watts for the intro duction of the reform announced in the following notification :—" It is respectfully intimated that no charge will be made at the box office for booking places, neither will any fees or gratuities whatever be allowed to be taken by the box keepers. And any inattention on the part of the servants will be imme diately noticed. Each person entering to either the boxes or pit will be presented with a bill of the night's performance." This is a reform which every other manager must eventually adept, but to Mr. Watts is due the credit of its introduction, and the support which the public ought always to bestow on those who thus minister to their comforts. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, FRIDAY. The Queen and Prince walked early this morning in Osborne grounds and park. The Prince of Wales and Princess Royal, and younger members of the Royal Family, rode and walked as usual. Thera was no addition to the royal dinner party yesterday. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent left her residence, Frogmore llouse, Windsor, yesterday morning, at halt-past nine o'clock, and proceeded to town, to Clarence House, St. James's. Her Royal Highness dined with her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester, :it Gloucester House, in the evening. Their Serene Highnesses the Duchess of Saxe- Weimar, the Princesses Anne and Amelie of Saxe- Weimar, and the Princes Edward and Gustave of Saxe-Weimar, left Marlborough House, Pall-mall, yesterday morning, for Bushy House, Bushy Pork. Earl Howe and the Hon. William Ashley attended at Bushy House. The Duchess and the Princess Anne and Amelie of Saxe-Weimar proceeded to Kew to pay a visit to their Royal Highnesses' the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, and afterwards returned to town. A deputation, consisting of Mr. Seager, Mr. Wil liam Niehokon, Mr. John R. F. Burnett, and Mr Joseph Boord, had an interview with Earl Grey yes terday At the Colonial-office. COEN-LAWS, or LAINDLURD FELONY. TO THE EDI 7 Oh Ut TILE SUY. am not a politician, anti there fore shall not follow the wirA2ing courses of a false -named and base expediency ti rough any of its tortuous lunacies. But I pro:(ss to be a Christian, to understand seine thing of morality, and to have a little common sense ; and if I allow this letter to become a long one I shall fail in my object, for no long ar►icles can be better written tht.❑ your own excellent leaders. I vont (without argument) to ring in the ears of a knaysh or mistaken aristocracy the conclusions and positi, ns to which I find all parties of sense with whom 1 converse have arrived on the subject of taxing ur food. We all say that, if for the purpose of keeping up the wealth of the landowners, you raise the price o food for the rc st of the nation, you will justly have i revolution ; for the masses will not endure such in famous injustice. We say it is immoral and scandalous on the part of the few landlow nen: (who rolliu wealth orcompt ttnc) ) to raise the price of food for the many, in order to ge; their oa n high rents. We tenants now say, that we are not such fools as not to see that the ohject of the landowner, by raising the loaf, is, that he may keep up his rent. We all beliove that it is best for us to get ow food at as low a p: ice as we can, and p!enty of it. We all s.iy it is shameful, immoral, and diabolica' for some fe w to wallow in their useless and banefu, wealth, while the many have scarcely food to ea*, and that those low should still wish further to tax our food to keep up or increase their hoards. We say it is no use their attempting to gull the community with any pretension for a tax than that they wish to keep up their rents. Sir, we ask what right have our landowner law makers to keep the food of the world from us? We have common sense, and we have the Scriptures of Truth to guide us, and we declare, Sir, with solemn assurance, that it is as right for us to take a part of their ill-gotten land as for them to keep away our rightful food. 1 should like, Sir, to see the man for half an hour, or to meet him in your journal, who should dispute this moral position. It is time that a nation of pro fessing Christians were not treated and talked to like fools by a base interested or blinded landowning ocracy. Sir, strong or quaint as my words may be, I write with a calm consciousness of the condemna tion I hurl at them ; they are not poor ignorant, mis guided, uneducated men, but men who ought to know better, and if they will not t a k e warn i ng i n ti me the denunciation of Holy Writ will be ere long thundered out to them—" Go to now, ye rich men, howl and weep, for your miseries are come upon you." Sir, I am not one who does not allow that it is hard times for the tenant-farmer. I am a tenant-farmer myself (using 170 acres), and I know in some cases we are losing our money, but can I, in conscience, think that the loaf of ten poor men and of five tradesmen should be taxed to benefit me and my landlord ? Should fifteen be ruined to save two Monstrous injustice! Have not I and my landlord more pride than to seek relief of the poor and of the tradesmen? If not perish us both! Let the landowners reduce their rents, and Government take off taxes, and then the whole coun try (tenant-farmers included) can have cheap food, and abundance of it. 1 Why should landlords, or we farmers, have our circumstances kept up by any unjust or any other legal means than the tradesman adopts ? My wine merchant says business is flat, but if Government would but give him protection, and clap a higher duty on foreign wines, that so large is his stock in hand that it would put thousands in his pocket. And so may the grocer say regarding his sugars, and various other branches of trade the same. Is the rich landowner then the only mean, selfish rascal that is to have a law made in his favour, and be left to make the law himself ? Will the nation so befool them. selves ? I repeat and conclude with the position which I am ready to defend, that it is as morally right for the nation to justly divide the land as for the land lords to keep away the nation's food. 1 am, Sir, yours obediently, Cheltenham, Dec. 21, 1849. DALETH. THE WELSH CHURCH. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Stn,--Having observed in your paper of yesterday, the 6:h of a series of letters upon the Church in \Vales, signed " Gorbonian " in which is (Mailed the number of disgraceful pluralities held by the Dean of St. Asaph, amounting to no less than six, producing an income of 3,211/. per annum, I was induced to examine the Clergy List to see if such a monstrous abuse was possible, when I found the statement not only fully verified, but I discovered that another in( mber of the Luxmore family equalled, if not ex ceeded, his relative, the Dean, in the number and amount of his benefices—this gentleman is the Rev. M Luxito7e ; he is Canon of St. Asaph S. Rector of Llanawon . S. It. of Whitford Rector of 1114rchneil P. C. of Alor.ton Rector of Llanymytiech Vicar of 13,:rriow. .. . . ...... 345 739 708 669 394 3.56 Producing an income of .... 3,288 and although, it will be seen, the greater portion of these incomes are derived from 'Wales, neither of these pluralist recipients can read, write, .speak. preach, or even give a blessing to the people, in the language of the country. I trust " Gorhorian " will continue to write, aLd I will defy the most searching inquirer into the Clergy List to find out such abuses in the Church of England as are commonly to be met with in the Church in Wales. Could not " Grorbonian give your readers some insight into the proceedings of St. David's College, Lampeter, and inform the public what has become of the salary which belonged to the 'Welsh Professorship ? The Bishop of St. David's is the Visitor of that College, but the Chan cellor he hai appointed for his diocese is a Mr. Mel ville, who knows as much of the Welsh language as did Commissioner Lin or Queen Pomare I am, Sir, your obedient servant, CLE RICUS. Dec. 21, 1849. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. WOLVERHAMPTON AND BREEWOOOD STEEPLECHASES. THURSDAY. Sweepstakes of 5 sovs. each, and 30 added. Four miles. M Moseley's Jerry, llst (Frisby) 1 . Horlock's Donnybrook, Ilst 71b (Groom) 2 Mr. Tempest's Pegasus, lost 71b (Wainwright) 3 Mr. J. Lowe's C.,wslip, 9st 71b (Talbot) 4 Three others started. Won by two lengths. The winner was sold for 104 sovs. Sw. epstakcs of 3 sovs. each, and 10 added. Three milts. (5 Subs.) Mr. W. H. Mytton's Wee-bit, lOot, 7lb (Mr. Walker) 1 Mr. King's Lord Stafford, l lst 71b .(Bradley 2 Mr. Tasker's Tenbury Lass, 10,t 12th (Owner) 3 Mr. Davies' Camphine, lOst 21b Won cleverly. The winner was sold for 451. The Handicap Hurdle Race, for a Sweepstakes of 2 sovs. each, and 10 added, two miles (3 Subs.), was won in a canter by Mr. Mytton's Mind-your-own-Business, list 7111 (Thrili), beating Mr. Lowe's Cowslip, list 71b, and Mr. C. Gifford, na Wee-bit, lOst 71b. BETTING AT MANCHES CHESTER CUP.-1,000 to 15 agst Dough—(offers to take the rest us before). DERDY.-9 to 1 offered agst Bolingbroke, 12 to 1 agst Ghillie Callum (t), 1,000 to 60 offered agst Nigger, 750 to 37i sgst Voltigeur (t), 600 to 20 agst Mayers (t), 1,000 to 20 aget the Swede (t). Nothing else backed. HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. Albrighton hds., Mon., Dudmaston; Thurs., Running ton, near Hagley; Sat., The Plough, Weston-heath —lok. Mr. S. Allen's bds., Mon., Catershook-gate; Fri., Pinchestown Quarries-11. Berkshire hds., Mon., Buckland-park; Wed., Calbam bridge; Fri., Buscot-park; Sat., Bagley-wood-101. Monmouthshire hds., Mon., Clytha-lodge; Thurs., Blackbrook— 10i. Mr. Morgan's hds., Mon., Viverdon; Thurs., Komi 1 —loi. askley hds., Mon., Easton-gorse; Thurs., Pertenhall turnpike• Sat., Brogborough. Pytehley hds., Mon., Cransley; Wed., Crick; Fri., Ashby St. Ledger; Sat., Nar.by-10i. Surrey Union hds., Mon., Leatherhead-downs; Thurs., Ewhurst Village; Sat., Second milestone on Kingston road. Tiverton hds., Mon., Sampford Peverell-village; Thurs., Killerton-park-10i. V. W. H. hds., Mon., New-lodge; Wed., Elm-green. Thurs., Cricklade town; Sat., Barrow-Elm-104. Dumfriesshire hds., Mon., lioddon -bridge; Fri., Nethercleugh-station-10i. Pucker;dge hds.. Mon., 13arkway; Wed., Peverils; Sit., Great Mundt n-10i. Somerset Sub,orlption hds., Mon.. Blackdown; Fri., Camhrideshire hds., Mon., Childcrley- gate; Wed., Shear hatch- wood; Fri., D..wning Arms-10i. York and Ainsty, Mon., Strensall; Thurs., Pill moor Brafferton; Sat., Skipwith-bridge-10i. Male hds., Mon., Salutation Inn, Leeming-lane; Wed., Tat.fie:d; Fri., Hipswell Village-10 . C:eveland liclF., Mon., Hinderwell; Thurs., Lackenby- whin. - Mr. EfilCyard's parrs., Mon., High-Leven; Fri., Newton bridge-10}. F. B. !Ali., Mon., Perran- wharf; Wed., Ladock; Fri., Kennel---10e. .Durhara County, Mon , Braneepeth; Wed., Lumley park; Fri., Easit gton-10i. Baby hds., Mon, Tudhoe; Wed., Kininvie; Fri., ,W ington- bridge-10 . Tisdale hds., Mon., Heugh, Countess-park; 'Thurs., Wittirgton; Sat , Walwick-14 Morpeth harrs., bin., illepseott; Fri., Widdringtor.- RI. Mr. Furse's hds., Mon., Putheridge; Fri., Winscott moor-g tte-10. Mr. Marshall's hds., Mon., Golden Inn, Ilighlismpton; Thurs., Neuuel-101. Sir Henry Seale's hda., Mon., Cot, Dartington; Fri. Kennel. Blackdown hds., Mon., Wellington-pillar; Thurs., Wellesford-house, near Langford Budville-10i. North Devon hds., Mon., Newton-cross, near Nor wood; Wed., Codder-hill; Sat., Merwyn Arms-10i. Dulverton h rrs., Mon., Skilgatz; Fri., Barnpton—loi. Mr. Fane's harrs., Mon., Joynter's Farm; Sat., Sheep leys. High 'Peak harrs., Mon., Ba' ewell; Sat., Wardlow Miers-1 1. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE OF FRIDAY. FOREIGN-OFFICE, DEC. 19, 1849. The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. Ro' (it Lipton Humphrys as Consul, a-. Antigua, fo: the Le public of Venezuela. DOWNING-STREET, DEC. 21. The Queen bas been pleated to appoint Ja me (.' D ,scd, Esq., to be her Majesty's Solicitor-Gen eral for ti e I.laud of Tobago. WHITEHALL, DEC. 19. The Queen has been pleased to app nt John Kincaid, Esq., to be an Inspector of Factori..:4, in the room of James Stuart, Esq., deceased. WAR OFFICE, DEC. 21. Ist Regiment of Dragoons—Cornet James Ainslie to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Sir Charles W. C. Burton, Bart., who retires, Dec. 21. 4th Regiment of Foot—Quartermaster -Sergeant J hn Leahy to be Quartermaster, vice Knott, ppointo In sign, Dec. 21. 17th Foot—Ensign John Barthorp to be Lieute 101', by purchase, vice Pollard, who row es, Dec. 21. 19th Foot—Ensign Henry Hill Dawson to be Lieute nant, by purchase, vice Braddell, who retires; Henry Turner Uniacke, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Dawson, Dec. 21. 24th Foot—Major William Gustavus Brown to be Lieutenant-Colonel, by purchase, vice Harris, who retires; Captain Charles Henry Ellice to be Major, by purchase, vice Brown ; Lieutenant John Bulke'cy Thelwall to be Captain, by purchase, vice 1;!lic, ; Ensign George Wedderburn to be Lieutenant, by pur chase, vice Thelwall; Ensign Rober,, Jos-ph Logan Crutchley, from the 17th Foot, to be Ensign, vice Wed derburn, Dec. 21. 40th Foot--Ensign Daniel Pennefather to be Lieu tenant, by purchase, vice Wilson, who retires, Dc c. 21. 60th Foot—Second-Lieutenant Richard Freer to he First-Lieutenant, without purchase, vice Payne, deceased, Dec. 13. ADMIRALTY, DEC. 20. The following promotions have this day talc , n plice consequent on the death of Rear-Admiral of the W hit-, Sir Francis Augustus Collier, C.B.:— Rear-Admiral of the Blue, Manley Hall Dixon, to be Rear-Admiral of the White. Captain Fairfax Moresby, C. 8., to be Rear-Admiral of the Blue. Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Denbighshire. Denbigh Royal Rifle Regiment of Militia Sir Thomas Erskine, Bart , to be First Lieutenan', vice Edwards, deceased, Dec. It. WHITEHALL, DEc. 7. _ The Lord Chancellor has appointed John Merritt Shugar, of Portsmouth, in the county of Southampton, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. BANKRUPTS. Charles Wynne Davis, licensed victualler, Brownlow street, Holborn, to surrender Dec. 31, at one, and Jan. 29, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee, Coleman. street; Linklateri, Charlotte row, Mansion-house. • Joseph Henry Clegg, cotton spinner, Royton, rica shire, Jan. 2, and 23, at eleven, at the Manchester Dis trict Court. Pott, official assignee, Manchester; Cob bett, Manchester. _ _ _ Richard Venning, cider merchant, Totnes, Devonshire, Jan. 1 and 29, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Hermann ' official assignee, Exeter; Preasvi ell, Totnes ; Stogdon, Exeter. DIVIDENDS. At the Court, Basiughall street. J. C. Addington, Margaret-street, Cavendish -squaro, grocer, Jan. 11, at twelve—l. Terry, Haymarkt.t, watch and clock manufacturer. Jan. 11, at eleven—J. W. Gowing, East Derehatn, Norfolk, stationer, Jan. 11, ut nalf•past eleven—H. Rogers, Southampton drapt r and ,utfitter, Jan. 12, at twelve—C. E. Coils, Hie h-toro-t, Poplar, draper, Jan. 12, at twelve—L. A. arid W. Bard ;ea, Old Broad-street, City, merchant, Jan 12, at ono —H. G. Astle, Margate, to.) man and tobacc, niat, Jan. 11, at eleven. In the Country. M. D. Protherre, Bristol, West India merchant, Jan. 15, at eleven, at the Court, Bristol—Elizibeth Aydon and T. W. Ferguson, Newcastle upon-Tyne, grocers and tea dealers, Jan. 17, at eleven, at the Court, New castle•upon-Tym —W. Lee, Sunderland, ironfouncler, Jan. 17, at eleven, at the Court, Nowcastle-upnn- Tyne— EI. Bourne, Wolsingham, Durham, rcrivcto r, Jan. 16, at halr-past ten, at the Court, Newcastle-upon Tyne— M. M'Givcrin and J. Johnson, Manchester, s,mallware manufacturers, Jan. 17, at twelve, at the Court Man. Chester—W. Sutton, Stockport, cotton was'e Jan. 15, at twelve, r.t the Court, Mat cht-tcr—V.'. Brook, Manchester, and Goldsmith-row, Loudon, stuff ule: chant, Jan. 14, at twelve, at the Court, Manchester-- E. Di flithne, Mai chasth a, stuff .nd giugt•am rer, Jan. 15, at two lie, fl!, the Court, Manchester--W r Hague, S Hague, and Shcitw(ll, Mot: cheste”, enra. mission agents, Jan. 14, at twelve, at the Court, Al au cheater. PAYMENT OF DIVIDEND'S. Beddow and livrumen,Litllt; Lace Wt:od s'n tt, Scotch bind itinnehester K art hous, n en, `,. - utur- Ly, Dec. 22, and three subs , . S tturd-;y-. 144.1%vccu ,he hours of di v,n and two, at the office of Mr. Grocm, Abchuich-lane. S. Williams, Itrading, c - aeh proprietor, 23. 1., on Saturday, Dee. 22, and three subsrTient S iturdays, betwecn the hours of eleven and two, at tt c Ake of Mr. Groom, A behura-latie. 'l'. Whisking, S. John street, Briek•lane, tether merchant, lid., cn Saturday, lice. 22, and thr, e Stlr,St, (pent Sa'utclaysi, belevecn the hnurs &even and two, at die office of Mr. Groom, Atchurch- lane. H. Itotherh6m, Chest( rtield, Derbyshire, plumb r enti Abzirr, 5s , on Tu: sday, Jan. 8, or any suisequ-nt Tuesday, between the hours of niece, and one, at tho office of Mr. Pott, Manchester. J. Bell, South Shields, Durham, shipbroker, 61•1., in addition to 61. previ ,usly declared, on Saturday, Dee. 22. or any subs( quent Saturday, between the hour.. of eleven and Ulric, at the office of Mr. Baker, Newcastle upon-Ti ne. NOTICES OF CERTIFICAI ES. At the Court, Bvinghall-street. Elizi Neuena, Bread street, watch and cloclumker, Jan. 11, at halt-past one—G. Sedgvvick, Moorgate-strtet, stationer, Jan. 12, at eleven. In the Country. M. Laird, Birkenhead, commission agent, Jar. 14, at eleven, at the Court, Liverpool—J. Jackson, I3irnuit4: hum, builder, Jan.l7, at twelve, at the Court, Bitminghetn—A. Davies, coal merchant, Aston park, Shropshire, Jan. it, at half past ter. ilirm;noh,tun• 1);A. luA 1) 1) oT. (From Eliza Cook's Journal ) Pleasure may be called the short cut to the tomb, as it shortens time, which is the way. If you wish success in life, make perseverance your bosom friend, experience your wise counsellor, caution your elder brother, and hope , y our guardian genius. - Time, patience,' and in - dutry, are the Vine grArd masters of the world. Death falls heavy upon 1 i n wt o is too n,u2h known to others and too little to himself. THE GOLDEN HORN.-6INGULAR EXHIBITION AT KNIGHTSBIUDGE.-ACPO4; ihe many fine tii&pittys of prize meat in the metropolis at this festive seasim, the following is remarkable:—Mr. Cowell has in his windim the head of a thorough-bred llighlaud ox, ft d by Mr. Kirkby, of Epping; it was three years and ten months when exhibited, the whole carcase weighing 130 stone. The length of the horns, which Mr. Cowell has caused to be prorusely gilded and decorated, are three feet two inches, the breadth between three feet five inches. The head is of beautiful symmetry and has cruised great attraction. TILE HUNGARIAN REFUGEES —The ship Mount stuart Elpbinstone arrived at Greenock, on Monday night, from Glasgow, on her way to New York, having on beard the Hungarian exiled company of thirty-five gentlemen. The exceedingly handsome sum of 254 has been subscribed for them here, and was handed to a deputation of their number on Monday afternoon. The offering was received with many expressions of thanks for the kindness of the people of Greenock to them in the midst of their misfortunes. The party consisted cf Major Beranyi, their president, Dr. George Pomutz, their secretary, and Captains Belle and Hamvasy, the latter the treasurer. They are mild and gentlemanly in their bearing, and Dr. Pomutz speaks English so as to be quite understood. Iu the evening these gentlemen ere entertained by the brethren of the Masonic Lodge Greenock Kilwinning.—Greenock Advertiser. Tnn BORICEIN PlRATES.—Singapore advices of the 6th of November mention that a certificate had bee* granted by the Judges of the Court of Admiralty at that port to Captain Farquhar, of her Majesty's ship Alba tross, for 20,700/. head money, for the late slaughter of the Serabas Dyaks. During the late expedition the Sarawak Dyaks cut off the heads of the Serabas Dyaks by scores, and smoked them in view of several Euro peans. Raja Brooke was desirous of relinquishing the appointment of Governor of Labuan, provided he could retain that of her Majesty Consul and Commissioner to Borneo. THE FIRE AT MESSERS• WARD 5, ♦T BELPER Every particle of stock in the warehouses was consumed, or so entirely injured as to be worthless. 'The amount of damage, we are informed, is at least 30,0001, without including the almost total destruction of the compact and substantial building, which must amount to several thousands more. The loss is all c,,vered by insurances. —lVoltinghOM Guardian. PORT - LOUIS, OCT. 18. - (Extract.)—" General Sutherland is in great force, and has given the troops several brigade field-days under a burning sun. The new Governor is not popular with the troops; they see nothing of him, he lives in great seclusion at bis coun try seat; but I hear he is about making sweeping re forms in the law and other departments, which doubtless are much wanted. I hope soon that we sba , l have a steam communication to Aden, which will reduce the passage to England to thirty•two days. Seven thousand pounds par annum have been voted by this colony, and if Bour bon will give 3,0001, the affair will be arranged by Messrs. Gower forthwith. I believe we shall then have the New South Wales letters and passengers by this route, and it will be an immense thing for the island, which is already improving after the shock credit re ceived last year." Sir Robert H. Inglis had an interview yester!ay with Earl Grey.