The Sun. — London, England, 1820-09-26 00:00:00

,POPERY ANb PhoTiNTANnsm. It may not, at the present juncture, be unin teresting to consider how far the different genius of the two religions systems of Popery and Pro testantism may affect the national spirit of de fence and freedom, and, consequently, the dura tiou of the State..'—Entbnsiastic religion leads to conquest;—rational religion leads to rational de fence ; but the modern spirit of irreligion and radicalism leads to ra , c,llly and abandoned cowardice. • Popish-Superstition, as , well as Fanaticism, of which indeed, in many instances, Popish Super stition is a species, is a. more active principle„ with regard to continest, than rational Protestan tism). ,The first piques itself on destroying and extitilkiug the enemies of Gpo ; the latter, re garding none..as the enemies 9f Go') on account: of error, aims only at rational defence. While Protestantism, therefore . , retains its :proper in linence in-the-minds of -men, .it may be a match for Popish Superstition. - What it wants in fury, it makes up in steadiness. Tliis truth has been often manifested in -our country. Mankind are _apt to be either blindly zealous, or altogether C.cool in :natters 'of I ,religion the reason is, be -cause they are. getrerally led by their passions in . religion as in other things. hence the peculiar danger to : Protestantism arising from Popery.— ForPopery in its nature tending to inflame a passion, lays bold of the ruling weakness of man.; while Proteqantisrn, working only on his nobler part, .his reason, whose dictates he but seldom retards, is apt to fall away into neglect and coldness; Thus we see, taking man as he is, fury is the natural character of the one—indiffe rence of tfinothei. Besides, Popish Superstition obtains another advantage over Protestantism, arising from dege nerate manners. For Popery points out religious persecution and intolerance, as the best atone trint• for vice or crimes ; whereas Protestantism urges no pretence of this nature on its votaries'; but, on the contrary, teaches them, that, without morals, religion is mockery of the Supreme Being. Thus we see, that even the vices of a Papist tend to inspire him with zeal; whilst the vices of a Protestant urge him., for the sake Of a ful,:e peace of mind, to the neglect and forgetful. , ness of all religion. Thus, thong!' the principle of the Papist does not preserve the purity of his manners, yet evert his degeneracy tends to pre serve his principles.' This we see confirmed daily—and that the principles of The Roman Ca tholics remain unshaken and the same. On the ether hand, though the principles of Protestantism tend to preserve the purity of manners, yet, if a degeneracy of manners comes on, it tends to de stroy the principle—whiCh is too obvious from the general state of things in this country, where, as .manners have degenerated, religious principle hath decayed. ' Another circumstance, which tends to preserve and strengthen.the -zeal and intolerant principles of Popery, is, the tremendous penalty annexed in the imagination to any departure from them. For as the Papist-believes this departure will ex pose him to all the effects of the Divine displea sure, so this apprehension tends to prevent the natural excursion of thought, and chains down • the mind in IntellectUal darkness. On the con.;. trary, the , free principle of Protestantism, not working by terror, encourages the mind to ranze abroad in quest of truth. No religious appre hension accompanies the search ; and hence, though reason will sometimes. fix the mind, in salu tary religious principle, passion will oftener allure and misguide it into the pleasurable path of unbelief. Another reason of the permanency of Popery ariseth naturally from the cause just mentioned. Where so much merit is supposed to be in one particular system of belief, and so much demerit or guilt in any- departure from it, there even the benevolent passions urge strongly to making pro selytes; for it is esteemed little less than a soul saved to draw a man over to the Popish faith. Now, the genius of Protestantism is essentially opposite to this. AS it is too just and generous to compel, so as..a' natural . consagnelice, it is often too indolent_ even. to Persuade. .Popish super stition arms itself with the weapons of civil power ; and by checking the open and avowed profession, checks in a certain degree the. pro. gress of impiety ; whereas it must be acknow ledged and lainented,• as one of the unalterabl e defects of a free government, that opinion must have its course. The disease is bad, -but the cure would be fatal. . Thus 'freedom is compelled to admit an enemy, who, under pretence and form of an ally, often proves her destroyer. The Lot cause flows naturally, as a. cinise guence of those which have been assigned. A religious principle, which is only overwhelmed by the prevalence of vice or passion,• but still lies dormant in the heart, may be easily awakened and recalled into action ; but where <the prin ciple is not overwhelmed, but extinguished by degenerate manners, there it is seldom, if ever, restored to its former influence. Now the Popish principle, when it seems to lose its effect, is ge nerally no more than overwhelmed by vicious manners. The religious. belief being rooted in powerful passions, remains in the heart, and thfough any striking or alarming incident is again awakened into action, which is - strikingly shewn in an instance recorded by MAGI!: A VEL, Disc. Pol. 1. iii. c. I.—But where the principles of Protestantism are borne down by opposite man ners, there the power of these ruling manners tends not only to overwhelm the effedts of the rational principle, but to destroy the - principle itself. For reason is. easily betrayed or . cor rupted by ; and tvhere,rational principle is not rooted in some opposite passion of equal strength with that which bears it down, • as soon as reason is corrupted, the principle is of course extinguished and lost. The present state of the Country is a lamentatle instalice•of this truth. The object of these observations is plainly this that. if we Tegard -man as. that weak creature - which he always bath been, is-, and will be ; as a creature often lect-nhy: passion, and seldom by reason 4 there is manifestly an inequality of force in these species of religion. Their genius is es sentially opposite : Protestantism calmly pre sents herself to the reason, .Popery -seizes the passions of mankind.; i iid hence, modern Popery set against moderwrrOtestantittn, is in clanger of overwhelming the latter. [To be continiteti.] GERMAN. PAPERS. . MESSINA, AUG. 23.—A few days ago, a plot was discovered : ; Which might have been attended. with very fatal. consequen'eeB to our city. The Palermitans had gained so m e adhere Ats, by means of bribery, in order, as it is said, to set tire to the city in various places, and in the general con fusion to have opportunity for pillage and 'mas sacre. Several great families are compromised : Princes, Barons, &c: are arrested and imprisoned in the citadel, where they will be brought to trial. This event has excited great detestation of- the Palermitans. Citizens and soldiers vie with each other to Maintain ordei. Every body, takes to march agaimt these wretches—every body from the infant to the old man is incensed against them. 111 the interior of the Island they have Already done much mischief,- but a great naval and military force is arrived from Naples,, and further reinforcements will soon follow, and every body here and in the rest of Sicily burns with the eager desire to tight them ; it is hoped they will soon be - overpowered. The enthusiasm for the Constitution is general, and we hope shortly to enjoy the fruits of it. WAi:siw, SEPT. 4.-,-Political news, of the highest importance to the social system of Europe, is circulating here at this moment, when the Polish Diet is meeting for the second time. A new project is - spoken of for the re-establishment' of the kingdom of Poland. 1t is affirmed that ne , gociations, in which all the Poles are interested, have been commenced between the- Courts. of Russia, Austria, and Prussia. If they should agree on the-re-establishment of the kingdom of Poland in its integrity, this State might again fulfil in Europe the object to which it seems par ticularly destined by its geognwhical position. It would become again au important weight in.the balance of Europe, and the bulwark of the North. The differences which had subsisted since the Revolution in Slain, between the Courts of St. Petersburg') and Madrid, ark entirely reconciled. The Emperor Alexander has caused a new Note to be delivered to King Ferdinand, in which he declares that he is far from intending to inter fere in the internal affairs of an independent power, which being- a member of the Sacred Al liance, has just claims to his invariable good will. The Emperor adds, that he shall see with satis faction the further development of the order of things established in Spain, and whatever can contribute to .the,happiness of the Spanish Na tion will always excite in him the most lively interest. VIENNA, SEPT.. 6.—Persons well acquainted with the state of politics are of opinion that' the preparations for war will not end in hostilities, on the following .rounds-:—For some days pa s t it has been stat e d' that Mr. de Cevalios, late Spanish Minister to our Court, will return from Madrid on an 'extraord:nary mission. We already know that the Xing of Spain has been - requested by his brother-in-law, the Prince Regent of the Two Sicilies, to interfere with 'European Powers in favour-of the new order of things established at Naples ; and M. de Cevallos is supposed to be instructed to offer the mediation of Spain, and to try to Maintain peace between Austria and Naples. On. the other hand, the accounts from all parts of Italy are not at all favourable to the undertaking of a, war. An alarming fermenta tion prevails in.the provinces of Lombardy and Venice, which gives ground to fear that the slightest check received by the Austrian Arms might be followed by a general, insurrection of the people of Italy. In the Papal dominions, letters have been in tercepted, vs hich 'show that the Carbonari are engaged in a,plan to raise all _ltaly, in case of a war with Austria. The: Cabinet of Vienna is fully sensible of the hazard of such a contest, and our Government will therefore proceed with the utmost circumspection in this affair. :VIENNA, SEPT. I.—The Court Gazette says, " Accounts from' Clagenfurth, of the 6th, state, that in.consequence of the arrival of an express from Vienna, the Duke de Gallo, who arrived there some days before on his way to' Vienna, had set out on the same day to return to Naples." FROM THE MAINE, SEPT. 15.---The Frankfort Fair begins very well, at, least infinitely better than the Spring Fair; there has been, not only a great sale of English goods, but also of Swiss, Saxon, and most other German manufactures ; and in, most articles there is no want of demand or of purchasers. GLOUCESTER MUSIC MEETING:—The Glou cester Idusical Festival was attended by the nobility and gentry, and persons of distinc- '.ion of the County, all being anxious to give their sanction to so delightful a triennial jubilee,-in which the most celebrated and emi- •nent. .professors are engaged at a very con siderable expense to the Stewards. The dis tinguished characters,, as well as the audience generally, contributed liberally to the colleCtion, for the laudable purpose of relieving the Widows and Orphans of deceased Clergymen. At the head of • the distinguished characters were the Duke and Duchess '.of Beaufort find daughters, Lord •Calthorp, Mr. B. Bathurst, Mr. Foley, be sides the Bishop of the Diocese-, and several dig nified Clergy. A monkey, weighing only welve pounds, has, within the lA' few days, ncototered several of the best , :brc.l.l .- of ‘24.pounds weight. The odds in the iastaato against_ the mop key, two to onr!, bu . i. the, r:l6lk4 .: with his tusks seized upon• the dog's, and - cut their throats as if 'done :with a razar. the pf•a minute mo s t Of the-dogs frOrn losd.of blood, 'and died withitt , :a . -fer , horms.After the ihattles; We received this morning the Paris Papers of Friday last. Those of Saturday, which were also due, have not arrived. They contain no an nouncement respecting the accouchement of the Duchess de BEl:Rh—The- following are ex tracts . " PAnts, SEPT. 21.—The King gave a private audience yes tet day Morning to the flibhup of Bahylon. In the afternoon his Majesty transacted business with the Minister of the In: tefior, and the Duke de Richelieu. " Commission of the Coutt of Peers continues daily its operations, till half:past six in the evening. " The Intlicatear of Botirdeaux of the 17th instant says, General O'Donnell, Count d'Abisbal; passed through this city. several days since on his way to Paris ; his Courier an- . nounced him as Spanish Minister ; it is not, however, pro bable, that he enjoys favour enough with the Go's:eminent. of his Catholic Majesty tu.lie invested. with any character. " Bergami it at present at Locarno, in Italian Switzer land, to the North of Lake Major. " Recent letters from Genoa state, that a Sardinian vessel, which had arrived from Algiurs its the Gulf of Spezzia, had brought intelligence that the English and Sardinian Consuls hail quitted Algiers, and bad sailed for Masseilles. The Mo tive fur their departure is not known. FIVE PER CENTS. Shut price Thurbear, Ex, Div T EATRI C A L. .fl F, j E It, Performed Last •'7p/ t. THEATRE ROYAL, COVES r-GArter.:;.—L'ilOnitn. After which, Jocooile. TO which %vat added. The Sleep THEATity.. ROYAL, fLtYvAtiKET,--The ntetim;.. Atter which, Bloc Devils. To whic4 was . adeled, (2d Time), Over the' Water. ROYAL, ENGLISH OPERA HOIJPE;--Thr Devil', Bridge. After which, Amoroso. * 4, 4' For The LITERARY Revi ani An INHABITANT of PADDINGTON, see the First Page. PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONE 0-CLOCK. 3 per Cent. Cons 03,1 W per Ct. Sztry !0203 5 per Cent. Scrip. pr, India Stock India Ronda.... i:O9. pi a. pr. Ex. Bills. 2d. 43i. 51. pr. New Annuities Cons. tur Account NI A I I. S. AttHIVEIP-- , 1 Dublin, 1 Waterford, I Guernsey and Jersey, I Lisbcn, 1 .la-wawa Du E 7-2 }10 . 1130-1 GoMfiblii; . 7,h, I France, 1 Hamburgl) HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW. Morning, 22 notimit after s.—Eveniug, 49 mulem.stiter THE SUN. SOLEAI QUIS DICLIZE F.ILSU.K _4 UDE-IT ? LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1820. DEFERELED STOCK. Of the 22d Mardi, 1317 lO4 f. 55 c. 22d March, 1820 9-2 t. GO c. " NAPLES, SEPT. 2.—Some Calderari, sworn enemies of the Carbonari, made a procession on the tintli ult. bearing a tial . i; with the Royal arms, and crying Long Live the King. They also posted un Placards, which the Committee of Public Safety caused to be torn down. • " 6enttral Florestan l'ep embarked o n the 31st ult. for Sici'.v, with 2,000 troops of the line, and 2,000 . tuilit a. 1 hey are to join 3,000 men, who ate in Sicily, and tit take a position before Palermo, in order to claim the Neapolitan Soldiers. detained as prisoners. The General is also commissioned to receive deputies from thy towns of Sicily, and to make pro positions to them. " MADRID, SEPT. t I.—The accounts from Oporto are to he sth instant. General Silveira was marching moon Lis- bon, at the head, it is said, of fifteen: regiments of the line, and twelve of militia. We Irrire on the other hand, intelli gence front Lisbon of the ed, tat which the following is the substance : - The proulamation of the Regency for convoking the Le• gitimate Cortes which was ; posted up yesterday, has given general satisfaction. There has not been in this Capital the least popular movement. A Gazette Extraordinary of the states that the Provinces of Beira,•Tras tie Montes, Men. trjo, and, Algarve are perfectly tranquil, and the Authoftties. in unison With the people, repulse the propositions of the Rebel Government of Oporto. English Officers en►pluy ed in the Regiments at Lisbon hare nut quitted their sta tions.' • " FRANKFORT, SEPT. 17.--Count Gottorp, the Et-King of Sweded, has returned here from Basic, and intends, to pans the autumn and winter in this city. " List'4oN, SEPT. 6.—This Capital continues to enjoy public tranquillity, and the most satisfactory accounts are received from all the towns adjacent to the Theatre of insurrection. " SEPT. Capital enjoys the most perfect We received this morning the following Ac- count from Oporto : " OPORTO, SEPT. 9.—We are very anxious for Letters from Lisbon : the Goverunieilt there appears'to be hosrile to what has been doing here, but as the Cunde de Amara:Ste, and the whole of Tras de Montes and Beira have declared, we should hope that every thing will be settled, and without bloodshed, if the Country is left without foreign int erfereNce, fur the s °ice of the Country appears to be for a change. It is to be hoped that the English will not interfere; if they do, the . situation of all the English in the Country will be very disagreeable, and property of course very precarious.— The idea that is entertained of English troops coming to Lis bun causes rather an unpleasant feeling here, but it is natu- ral to suppose, as the Sucereignty of the King' is acknow ledged, that England will not interfere in the internal affairs of the kingdom, in which case we shall have nothing to fear fur our persons or propert y. The de cibion of the Army under the Conde de Amirante, and of that oncier Vittoria, for the supreme Government, strengthens their cause and of course weaktus that of Lisbon, the Government there depending on the co=operation of these Generals. Troops from Lyria and, Suntaren hare arrived at Cointhia . tc join the cause espoused in the North. It is confi dently expected that the troops at Lisbon will likewise join when the - army moves in that direction, which it is about to do. '4'e heartily wish things were settled; hitherto every thing has been Conducted with peat order, and no pen , on has been molested. fiStrr. 13,—The Amy from this and the North' rti, march ing upon Lisbon, and it is to be hoped, wben they approach w itlO t!*: Capita!, e•e,t. etetl. thing will he settletl , • 33 " ;ro ar bloodshed. We hear Letters from Lisbon of th e 1/1 pio state every thing to l)e. quiet there, hut very lit tle here of %%bat is going V 1) there. The Supreme Gn'er : nmee• to-morrow for - Coim g- bray leaving- a Commission re; are all well, and continue without molestation." --Nuis.-- American. Papers to the 27th Angel ar t this morning. —The following are extracts:' " The Board of Health of Boston has °lie a quarantine of all the vessels from Ph ilad ' 00 phia.”—(Cominereial Advertiser of Aug. * poif ei 64 JOSEPH BUONAPARTE . arrived at P Hook yesterday from Bordentown, ands rc the ferry with his carriage to this city, on t y way to Saratoga sgrings. lie vas met at ,) landing by one of the Marshals of the Bo ar d Pa i Health, and ordered back, as having been 41 i ladelphia within 30 days. He had not bee n that city since' the sth August, and when th e it only stopped two hours ; be, however, cheer° ! submitted, and procuring fresh horses, P IIPti :, his Tourney on the west side of the Hudson 1 ver."—(Philadelphia Paper of .._, At.% (2-1.) COLUMBIAN REPI.7BLIC.—(DECREE . ) " Sovereign - Conit ess of Columbia, anxious td . Peace reestablished, wil bear with pleasure the which'utay be matte on the rut of the Spanish G o vern To , provided they shall have for their e nd the absolute o i I,;(lgment of the entire Sovereignty and Independence(); 0: Republic of Columbia; and that they will not adm it tJ other overtures Which shall not conform to this prinvir le ' l claimed by the-Government, as met( as by the PeoP le ' " FERI). PEtiALVP " To Don Pablo Nlorillo. " Palace of the Congrels at New -. July 13, U 120." A Jamaica Mail arrived this morning, Papers to the 7th August; [From 1/sc Jamaica Royal Gaze3e.] 44 By the Ontario brig of IS guns, ww : " r . h S rived on Saturday, we have received the f° ll° t ing intelligence from the parties on the oPP-° coast : 44 The Independents under MONTIT,L O possession of the whole kingdom of 5:1 913 except the city of Carthag - enia, and part of tN Province of Santa Martha; their forces are C puted to be about 2500 men, of which 4 0 ' 3 , English. The city of Carthagenia has suV -e force to repel the Independents ; there are Regulars, and 300 Artillery ; the Militia 31 Volunteer corps may consist of from 200 0 °lell ; 0 The works are in pod order, the ga rr ' s n o has provisions for six months, and the Cov er " has ordered such of the inhabitLnts as cogi' ll provide themselves with provisions for ths' period, to quit the city. " Accounts have reached Chargaeg, frcril llama, of the death of General 1Ioa;.: as al° t ' j. arrival here of the American frigate Macedonia': with 200,000 dollars. 'One of Lord Cocoa 0t cruisers, called the Rosemira, 'with], it is ' about 3 millions of property on board, has b a :watf a severe engagement with the Spanish fr'±' Primevcra, and succeeded in beating her of; Captain of the 'Rosemira was killed in the cir gagement." It seems to be generally believed glat th Emperor (if ,Russr.v. has contrived means to c° store the Integrity of Poland, and it is sugg est '' '.,l that it might be proper for him to restore i ts dependence also. If so, it would b e pro P er tc render it a Monarchy, if such should be the of the People, fairly and honestly expres!,ol'—' Such conduct would raise him high in the est ill ' a' tion of mankind, and render him a suitable °lr A 4 hat jest of historic celebration. It is whispere d such are the Emperor's real views, and it I whispered also, that he has taken some mea : sures to ascertain the sentiments of the S wedis h Nation, in order to.know whether they are ton' tented with their present Ruler, or whetherthes, OE wish for the restoratiqn of their ancient line Monarchs in .the Son of their deposed Ki n g' The young Prince is esteemed for his moral (1 113 * a re lities, his talents, and his attainments, ch i ` h l d said to be of a high order, and such as °ll., add dignity to any Throne. We have no I.'l'lo dation but continental rumours for the int entlu at thus ascribed 'to the E:npeior of ItcssiA7 v such an arrangement would certainly be an tit portant and interesting event.. c cl _..k.dv:cf.s have been received from Calcutta) t; the 10th of April. Th , .-v COntaiil further a counts of the late gale which was exPe rieli rge at y kistnapatain on the 30th of March.---- ' oo ' ship Palmers was driven on shore and throvo.oo the beach, in four feet water. and no expec t hi c k of gettio;; her alf. A qurtiti . ty of treasure w`l'lle was on bogrd, was transhipped after th e Into the ship Byramgour, with part of her ea,735 'lie only ship that rode out the gale at 1" 1/ .:,,,f was the Edward Strettles, all the others h~ ales put to sea. The Ann and Amelia, after the tar returned to Kisnapatani with the loss e ther s, masts, wizen -mast, and bowsprit. Th e it is stated, had been able to re g ain Madre' rjl- By the Prhzce .rnest packe arrived a , ~11 1 0 ' mouth' from Lisbon, the MA.rque;s : and' f ness Of itU4gNJ A and 'daughters came pasiellP P A 2lty Physi I st, i Partic Vellt Poss e ti on, Vole, In a Ultr a th e tre a tort PRII ultra o nly Th e great aria ab o i ~~n~l t the G o , i t , fc mac 4 1, ; th at Va,, 1 11(1 not, 1134! Th L~ ~~