The Sun. — London, England, 1842-07-15 00:00:00

ttiti • °n, and wh o could neither read nor write. He be ,se:ed it would be found that the character of nation was formed by its public institutions. kiplought on thi s account h e m i g h t c l a i m t h e attent i on •th ttn in d i nigence of the House. He could n o t do b e tt er th at Z ie r to the Report of th s Committee of 1841. Up on T ataitt ee were the' present Chancellor of the ha sa a ll er and the Right Hon. Member for Notting took D l nA .e ' and in that Committee only one division That',, i — e, and that was respecting three ,words only, lestit t W e 'tion was merely as to whether the public He bell should be opened on Sunday or not. har e le ved that the adoption of the practice would If t h e t a°at beneficial effect upon the working classes. to th w°r king classes and their wives were admitted csh: Xational Gallery, the British Museum, and and Public institutions, not only would gratification Islt tl 4 l lllll setnent be afforded to the whole family, th e ale- hoe, w ou ld a t th e same ti me b e k ep t f rom 1100 , where too often he spent his money, tlcleontracted the most injurious habits. There was th e (1 41 , 1 !trY where the people were more attentive to in th e ll ,"es of religion than the people of Holland, yet of 1„" country all the public institutions, collections klay s -14 , ti ngs and museums were thrown open on Sun be" „ de therefore thought that greater facilities should ptibi.ierded to the people of this country to visit the w oui l ,, e i nstitutions. He wished Hon. Gentlemen th e ," visit the Regent's-park on Sundays, and i 044 Wo uld see it crowded with families en- N e i ) ! ,tilemselves in its healthy atmosphere so h anae Defter than what they could have at h al , in their cell ars an d room s . But he tee not be s a ti s fi e d w ith th a t, f or h e w i s h e d t o ts te wita also pass through the halls of the Museum, °111 (1 1:1 every object which presented itself to themtOqu• b e one of instruction, or would lead to further Woure •This was a religious question in his view, and he vie w Press it on th e attent i on o f t h e House in that p? 1"t, He hoped that, as the inhabitants of other !st ab .°T the town had opportunities of recreation, the are a • It anta near the Victoria Park would have an in it fer, a M usement, an d t h at s i m il ar opportunities ll il : 1 be provided for the inhabitants of Lambeth and pi ae °r idSey. And if there were no Crown lands in those I', oW e s an exchange might be made. The evidence of C 01. ._ of s :', l before the Committee, showed the advantage . pr o ,„ e n places in the decrease of crime, and in the im -1/40,;,ed habits of the people, and that, in con- C e nee of them, one policeman was now suffi- It ts '• Where ten were required before.—(Hear, hear.) ,wish w as th a t c hild ren an d a ll ot h er part i es it," 4 'd have admission to the British Museum, to q l ; lll ,P k ton Court, and to the National Gallery. He eas,‘"ought that an end should be put to the present in 7 ° ll l of requiring one member of each party enter itt,""e Museum to write his name in a book. Much 1q ;livenience was created by the practice, and it led th e ?beneficial result. It was seventeen years since fe'ltiOnal Gallery was established, but it was only li e , %v icars ago since it was thrown open to the pub had ~s • Si nce this latter period the number of visitors lr n,' e reased daily. On Easter Monday last between ii"° and 16,000 persons had visited the National ns th e L r Y'• In the course of the year 1841 the ati of persons who had passed through th e 1842 pal Gallery was 538,331, and up to June, the number for the half year was 370,105. '2s - r espect to the Tower, when the admission wa s : te,„,Y 800 visited it in a year, while a ft er th e th e "on to 6d., the number who visited it during Rr u e ale period was upwards of 2,674. The de to ... ) ," 04 of the whole Armory had bee n su pp ose d lio the taken place, such, however, was and "e case ; the ancient Armory still existed, that the open to the public. H e t rus t e d or e , t lie hurried manner i n w hi c h persons were t a k en r est , le Tower wou ld b e p u t a s t op to. Wi t h re kart to the Crown jewels the admission to them b een originally two shillings ; it had since reduced to si x p ence , an d th e resu l t IS4B to oni t hat the num b er o f persons v i s i t i ng t h e Jewel hsd be was greatly increased. Since Hampt on C our t of e n thrown open, fr ee o f expense , th e num b er visit ors to that Palace had greatly increased. 1 1 ," that period upwards of 3,000 persons had through that palace in one day. Th e open -1,41 of Hampton Court Palace had been of great k It to the metropolis. In order to make e ael l'sit, the p oor peop l e co ll ected a shilling t ain , and they f orme d a party i n a waggon, con k, I ng i 0 or 60 persons; and 15, 20, and even h ap Waggons went of a day, accompanied by kip of music. Thu s th e people of Spital j„`'s had a day's pleasure an d recreat i on 10a shilling. Ile would hastily mention Greenwich Pital. At the time the Committee sat, Greenwich ,s,::pit a l was s h u t t o every body but soldiers. 'tsiers were excluded from the Hall, and it q t , by his (Mr. Hume's) wr i t i ng t o th e w k , 3 ernor that they were admitted. There the one more point to which he wished to call th attention of the House, n a mely, the admission o f N e Public to the cathedrals. The Committee had ',,tnileuded, that for one or tw o h ours i n ever y d a y E rse "•,• TA L. , +hrovvp onen to the public oth, r ° ' all charge. Mr. Cunningham and several br 1 . 0 gentlemen, who were thoroughly competent fouup i ns an opinion, had stated that they had not the v i s Ze leash disposition to mischief on th e p ar t o f The - "ts to Westminster Abbey and St. Paul's. Wer e ca thedrals of Nor w ich, B a th, an d Y or k h e believed, already open to the public Wi t t;'-' , + , Certain hours of the day.—(Hear, hear.) tiot i ch t`loe exceptions, he regretted to say that he did ts ) "Olv of any others that had changed their system. 4 1 11 - "'s of visitors were excluded from the cathedrals, 1)4 1 3' who were desirous of seeing those cathedrals tO ~t ° send for a person to show the place Nlic",e,ni, and if they did not pay th em libe- L ule persons who showed the cathedrals behaved 4 1 4 -en • a manner as to give to strangers anythi n g b u t thij o tirable opinion of the manner in which these • Iti Dl ,s Were conducted in this country. He hoped the ofTi l 't lion. Baronet and the Right H on . the Ch ance ll or th, n e t Excheq ue r, wou ld use th e i r i n fl uence w ith th e thj,`„eta to prevent these abuses. It had been th;;;ue, d to hi m th a t h e wou ld t urn th e ca th e d ra l s i n t o th4c . 'neuses. The fact was the present system did 4/,;' It tur ne d th em i n t o s h ow -h ouses f or money . Th e h i s h e um at the East India House had been opened Il ad e Public once a week. The Society of Arts t hrownbt open their museum, and many other in !lir-,‘".18, both in town and country, had also been 4: 1 , 44 open. In Newcastle, the institution had m eat thrown open to the public with the Pi et h e st advantage. There was a gallery of th e *'s at Dulwich, which h a d b een l e ft to b et tPublic. He was sorry to say that he had t Pe en able to induce the Warden' of that College • to thr air °w the gallery open to the public. Persons de tiek"' of seeing the gallery, were obliged to procure poor is from some booksellers in London ; and many so rts Persons were una bl e t o p rocure a d m itt anc e, i n th: e quence of being obliged to obtain these tickets. na t f r ° e was the Royal Academy, which had cost the ]r et ]r etur na large sum of money, and it did nothing in th e for the p eo pl e . Th e y o ug ht t o r eco llect that th e y had the means of supporting that institution from hot s i?.. e .°l ll e, and he would only ask whether it was kit ` 4 ,:r that the people should share the benefit? he asked was that the public should have t r l,_ l ( to s ee th e I ns tit u ti on , or one day in the week it). l lat purpose. He had pati en tly an d p erseve r- VY brought' this subject before the House, and 11,, Would continue to do so till he succeeded. is; w as glad that in several parts of the country Thtitutions and museums were springing up. ns,i r ilon. Member concluded by moving " An humble • esi to her Majesty, praying that she will be gra °usl}. pleased to give directions to the Trustees of the ti r o . I 'n Museum and of the National Gallery, to the au ti,les having charge of the armories and jewels of r ower of London, to the Commissioners of Green ish b ran hospital, and to all other persons having the agement or direction of public edifices and cathe -181 for the adopticfn of those facilities and improve tits recommended in that Report." e liad k j• MART seconded the motion. A Commission and be appointed in France, by M. Guizot, to inspect th; r ePort upon national monuments; he was of opinion ;, s uch a Commission would be very advan isf,Lena to this country. Every national menu kr,-,.1"' presented a spectacle at once interesting f` 4 l , useful to the historical student. On the tomb cirativvard the Confessor were facts which had been se r 4ti ceed by no historical writer. He was glad to ob- AZ that the monuments and statues in Westminster bee p ` 3 ' Were much more carefully kept than they had /1,0 f ormerly. He thought they were called on now, c ords t han at any time, to regard with attention these re hls former days. In addition to the suggestions of h ad ,rn• Fri en d, h e (M r . E wart ) b egge d t o suggest , as th e ueell Proposed by the Committee in 1836, that on c eNu e ' Pietures in the National Gallery, and other re na e e 3 for nat i ona l wor k s o f art , s h ou ld b e fi xe d suc h nap e: p la nation as to the nature of the picture, with the of of the painter, when he was born, and the school pinting in which he studied. th at he CHANCELLOR o f t h e EXCHEQUER said, ,wilen h e saw the mot i on which the Hon. Gentle obs' ou the p aper h e was prepare d to ant i c ip a t e the th e rations which the Hon. Gentleman would make on l ast sr uh Jeet, as he (Mr. Hume) had in the Committee had ea r brought f orwar d a ll t h ose top i cs i n t o w hi c h he 1,, ent ered larg e l y , an d w hi c h h a d b een me t w ith per- Cro cellor ncurrence as to their general principles. tie (the ropeof th e E c h equer ) bad, therefore, no diffe eoure,.°F , opinio n w i t h t h e Hon. Gentleman upon the teehn: " Was pursuing, which was one of a mere th e jeal nat ure , and would not lead to any d i fference in t er "I.t4rnate course which might be pursued in this mat the O one Enure cordially concurred than he did in th e ti—,itnents expressed by the Hon. Gentleman as to hihi t r e e ssity of th row i ng open to t h e pu bli c a ll t h ose ex elj„ers 'which tend e d t o e l eva t e th e i r th oug ht s t o hi g h er Pr ove and all those works of art which tended to ira- Prn ve t , . em taste, and, by imp rov i ng th e i r t as t e , to im asntio vi a s 'eir minds. The only question between them, ac eera the mode in which this object could be best oPiai o r s pied. He agree d w ith the H on . G ent l eman i n f roni o n, that great advantage was derivable to the people Th e alerting the p ar k s i n t h e ne i g hb our h oo d o f L on d on. by the ;antage thus conferred was enjoyed not merely tie 4 14 1, 1 '°''''er orders of society, but by those in a posi wove them. With respect to opening the National ) ,f the , niant, EM I pall d that an d If tho lid be Oa tilt hu as ld n. 6.4 O; 15 g Oh )0. Icol ll Lir/ 0 0 1 5 t °f tO o. ooov 6 5 Pa o livisi o r o a n d of' °set' l ocos' fa P. 03 0 1 a 1 of ol d 01 13 rich' frc'" i on og iD Gallery on Sunday, the advantage to be derived there from would not counterbalance, in his opinion, the re sults that would otherwise follow from it. He might be in error, but he would be more likely to be convinced of his error, by being allowed further consideration upon the point, than by the urging of an address to her Majesty, to use her authority for the purpose of enforcing principles of this description. He would therefore recommend to the Hon. Gentleman opposite not to persist in his motion, which would excite considerable opposition from those who, like himself (the Chancellor of the Exche quer) were opposed to those exhibitions on Sunday. Those who had heard the Hon. Member's speech, would be of opinion that the course he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) had adverted to, was likely to be the best means of accomplishing its object. There was at the present moment an inclination to open not only public but private exhibitions, which if the Hon. Member had attempted to effect ten or twelve years before, he never would have effected. Everything would be done that could be by those who had the guard of the different establishments alluded to, to meet the wishes of the Honourable Member. As to the British Museum being thrown open on more days than at present, he was afraid that would be attended with great difficulty ; and the same might be said with respect to the other institu tions to which the Hon. Gentleman had adverted. With respect to cathedrals in the metropolis, considerable re ductions had taken place in the prices of admission, and he was happy to say these reductions had been attended with the best effects. There was a natural disposition on the part of mankind to resist any assumed authority; and he thought if the House were to agree to the address, and the Crown were to act in conformity with the wishes expressed therein, such a course would frustrate rather than forward the object which the Hon. Gentleman had in view. He could assure the Hon. Gentleman that he (tke Chan cellor of the Exchequer), in common with the other ad visers of. the Crown, was exceedingly anxious to extend the means of innocent enjoyment to the lowest orders of the people. Having already obtained a general expression of assent from the House to the principles of his pro position, he trusted the Hon. Gentleman would with draw his motion, and by so doing, he would best for ward the object he had in view. Sir ROBERT INGLIS was anxious to express his sentiments, because he could not agree with his Right Hon. Friend, that the House had assented to the general principles laid down by the Hon. Gentleman. His Right Hon. Friend had only given a qualified assent to the principles, and he (Sir, Robert Inglis) could only give an assent much more qualified than that given by his Right Honourable Friend.—(Hear.) The great object of the Hon. Member was to give all classes in London the same facility in amusement as the people possessed in Paris. He wished to give the people of London that facility in entering the British Museum and the National Gallery, that the people enjoyed in Paris in entering the Louvre. He (Sir R. Inglis) believed that no surer mode of desecrating the Sabbat's could be adopted, than that of opening those places, which were called places of innocent recreation, on the Lord's day. It was not always the case that a high taste for the fine arts and public virtue were necessarily co-existent. The period when the fine arts most flourished in ancient Athens and Rome, and when taste was at its highest pitch, was the time when the morals of the people were most corrupted, and when the greatest abominations were practised.— (Oh, oh.) " Grwcia capta ferum victorum cepit, et artes Intulit a'resti Latio ;" and a flood of corruption followed. If the Hon. Mem ber's motion was pressed to a division he should vote against it, as he was decidedly opposed to opening public institutions on the Lord's day. Mr. G. KNIGHT regretted that the Hon. Member for Oxford attempted to throw cold water on this subject.— (Hear, hear.) He regretted that he should, at this time, exhibit such feelings against the fine arts. While the Hon. Gentleman was speaking, he (Mr. Knight) thought he was listening to some holy monk—(Laughter)—who was endeavouring to turn the country back to barbarism and ignorance, which had always been the parent of crime. —(Hear, hear.) The Hon. Member for Montrose having appealed to him as a member of the Committee, he was ready to say that lie would go with him to the full extent in all his views. It was a mistake to suppose that the fine arts had not an influence on the people. They went hand in hand with comm( rce, and flourished in the most prosperous times of the Italian republics. They could not flourish unless the public at large took an interest in them.—(Hear, hear.) Nothing was more calculated to elevate a people than the con templation of those sculptural resemblances of the great men which a country produced. The arts and morality had an influence on each other, and he hoped the House woald coincide with him in that opinion. —(Hear, hear.) It was much more agreeable to be engaged in a debate like the present than in one of politics, when they hurt each other with the arrows of sharp words.—(Hear.) But in allowing to the people access to the repositories of science and art, they should not allow such a privilege to interfere with Divine worship. But to the working classes, who had no other day than Sunday to visit those places with their wives and families, he should be indisposed to refuse admittance. Ho repeated that he entirely approved of the proposition then before the House. Mr. WYSE was happy to find that the House was all but unanimous on the present occasion. The only excep tion in favour of the motion seemed to be the Hon. Ba ronet the Member for the University of Oxford. Sir R. PEEL hoped the Hon. Member would not press this subject to a division, as there were strong objections to the motion. He thought referring the Crown to a Se rommittPe was not consistent with that respect due to the Crown. - It might be that the Dean and Chapter of Westminster might deny the right of the Crown, and then the consequenCe would be to involve the Crown in a dispute with that body. He thought great advantage would be derived from giving the working classes facili ties to the exhibitions of art and the goodness and beauty of creation.—(Hear, hear.) He agreed with the Hon. Baronet, that to offer these things as a substitute for religion was most unsatisfactory, but what he com plained of was that when persons were anxious to refine the people they were told that it was offered only as a substitute fur religion.—(Hear.. It was no such thing, but then he would admit that it was a sub stitute for drunkenness and vice. —(Hear, hear.) The whole time of the people, it was not natural to sup pose, could be absorbed in religion. He felt convinced that the greatest advantage would be derived from re fining the taste of the people, because it enlisted the great body of the people to the . institutions of the country.—(Hear, hear.) It was true that the honours of the State were generally reserved for the higher classes ; but of this he was sure, that if expenditure took place for the instruction and amusement of the people it was a certain guarantee for the security of the monarchy. It showed the people that a portion of the expenditure of the public money was for their interests, for their enjoyment, and for their improvement ; and when they heard of the millions raised by taxes and expended in the public service, if they found that they derivedno ostensible advantage from such ex penditure, they would be more likely to become discontented with the state of things under which they lived, than if a por tion of that expenditure was devoted to their recreation. Therefore, there was a double object obtained as regarded the humbler classes of society by throwing open these Institutions. First, it tended to a general refinement of manners ; and, secondly, it gave them a direct participation in the advantages derived from the expenditure of the public money.—( Loud cheers.) He did not agree with the Honourable Gentle. man in thinking that any advantage would be derived from opening such Institutions as the National Gallery on a Sunday. He thought it would shock the religious feelings of the people, and justly shock those feelings ; he himself had a great ohjection to opening such Institutions on a Sunday ; besides, surely, the officers of those Institutions, who laboured hard for six days a week during eleven months in the year, were entitled to have the Sunday to themselves. It had been said that they might be closed during the hours of divine ser vice, and open the rest of the Sunday ; but it would be almost impossible to ascertain what the hours of divine service were. It might be said that supernumerary attendants might be em ployed on the Sunday, and the regular officers might be absent; but the supernumeraries would never have the confidence of the superior officers of the establishment. He trusted the Hon. Gentleman would withdraw his motion. He thought thatthe reading the discussion which had taken place, and more especially the reading the evidence taken before the Com mittee, would have the effect of doing away with the jealousy which existed in the minds of some of the cathedral authorities against the admission of the poorer classes on the ground of the damage they might do.—( Hear, hear.) Now, he (Sir Robert Peel) did not believe that the poorer classes were inclined to do such damage. —( Cheers.) The vulgar rich were more likely to do damage than the humble artificer—( Loud cheers) —and the evidence taken by the Com mittee proved that such was the case, and that persons belong ing to the poorer classes were uniformly . well behaved.— (Loud cheers.) He felt bound to say that, in many instances, the institutions in this country were thrown open in a more liberal manner than the institutions on the Continent, in proof of which, he would appeal to the evidence given by ?,Ir. Gray. He thought they would better advance their ends by appeal ing to the reason of the parties instead of attempting to force them by peremptory command on the part of the Executive. Mr. MACKINNON hoped the Hon. Gentleman would be indueed to attend to the recommendation of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and withdraw his motion. Mr. CO WPER thought it would be well if the Government were to make a small grant of money for the purpose of the lower classes being allowed access to the different cathedrals; for he felt convinced that the feeling actuating the Chapters in re • fusing admission was one of pounds, shillings, and pence only. He thought the buildings themselves showed that the intention of the founders was to produce an effect upon the minds of persons visiting them, and that the intention of the founders in building naves and aisles in the different cathedrals was that the people should have free access to the building, in order that they might be impressed with that feeling of awe which ought to possess persons visiting such a place. He felt sure that it was never contemplated that the people should be made to pay an entrance fee. He thought that there were not sufficient places of amusement provided in this country for the poorer classes.—( Hear, hear.) The most uneducated found pleasure in visiting the works of art, and when they visited such places they generally acted with the utmost decorum.—( Hear, hear.) Mr. BERNAL said the poor, hard-working mechanics of Spitalfields, and other parts of the metropolis, could find no time on any other day but Sunday to visit any place of inno cent recreation. How was it possible for him to do se? He (Mr. Bernal) would support a motion for opening those places on a Sunday. Why was Hampton Court Palace open ? Why did they refuse the same recreation to the hard-working man in the town which they granted to the suburban resident ? He thought they were tampering with religious subjects, in re fusing this motion en such a ground. Mr. ESCOTT thought it was very possible that thejfeelings of the people might be opposed to the idea of opening these places on a Sunday ; and he thought if they did open them un der those circumstances, that they would be effecting a change which the people themselves might not like. He (Mr. Escott) was of opinion that it was the duty of the Government to pro vide healthful and innocent amusement and recreation for the people, and it was with that belief that he must say he cordi ally concurred in the motion of the Hon. Gentleman opposite; at the tame time he thought it would be well that the feelings of the people should be more formed upon the matter before passing this motion. Mr. C. BULLER thought it was very necessary that health ful recreation should be afforded to the people. He must com plain of the manner in which the people were excluded from the Parks. Let them look for a moment at St. James's Park. Here was an order that no persons carrying bundles should be allowed to go through that Park, and persons who were not well-dressed were not on any account allowed to enter; or if one did get in, he would not go far before be would meet one of those myrmidons of tyranny in Lincoln green, and be turned back.---( Cheers and laughter.) His Hon. Friend was coming through the park the other day, and he had a petition and a quantity of papers in his hand, these he tied up. and they formed a bundle. Well, his Hon. Friend was met by a fellow in Lincoln green, who ordered him to turn out ; they argued the matter together on general principles for some time, and his Hon. Friend found he was getting the worst of it— . (Laughter.) He then told him who he was, and the keeper, with the fear of the Inquisition before his eyes, allowed him to pass.—(Renewed laughter.) They would not allow little boys to play leap-fiog, or, any other game ; and would . it believed, that sleep, which had hitherto been considered certainly an innocent way of passing the time, had been prohibited? An Hon. Friend of his the other day went in and fell asleep on a bench ; he bad just began to nod, when out darted a fellow in Lincoln green, and poked him up with his stick ; " You mustn't sleep here, Sir," he was told, and his Hon. Friend lost his nap.—(Laughter.) He (Mr. Buller) had just mentioned these instances to call the attention of the House to the regulations of that Park. Lord LINCOLN said that the park-keepers were not in structed to exclude persons from the Park who were not well dressed. The only instruction was that a working-man in his working-dress should be excluded. The order with reference to sleeping was issued in consequence of the numerous applica tions which had been made at the police-offices, in consequence of destitute persons who had no homes to go to, spending their nights in the Parks, much to the annoyance of the respectable portion of the community. In future, if the Hon. Gentle man, instead of taking up the valuable time of the House by such representations as these, would mention any suggestion he might have to make pointedly to him (Lord Lincoln), he would endeavour to meet the Hon. Gentleman's views. Mr. C. BULLER did not see why he should be told not to bring a matter of this sort before the House. It was the duty of a Member of Parliament to reform abuses, and he (Mr. Buller) should vindicate his rights. Mr. LABOUCHERE hoped he did not understand the Noble Lord aright, when he understood him to say that per sons in their working dresses•were not allowed to pass through the Park. He himself could not see the slightest objection to admitting persons in their working dresses. Lord LINCOLN said such was the regulation, bat he had net altered the law of the last Government. Mr. P. BORTHWICK thought that no cathedral or places where works of art were placed, should be shut up from the public. He trusted the Hon. Gentleman would not press his motion to a division after what had been said by the Right Hon. Baronet at the Head of the Government. Mr. CURTEIS thought the manner in which Westminster Abbey was shut up from the public was calculated to bring the Dean and Chapter into disgrace. He hoped they would follow the course that had been pursue d by the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, and remove the barricades that prevented the public from viewing the building. Mr. HUME replied. He thanked the Hon. Baronet for the expression of his opinions, as they would go far to establish the object he had in view. He begged leave, therefore, to withdraw the motion.—Motion withdrawn. wished to have the returns, in order to support his statements. He contended that the intention of a Brevet promotion was violated by the manner in which it was made—taking the first names of each list, which of course included good and bad alike. It was against that system he cried out. Five years ago he had lifted up his voice against it. The Hon. Member concluded by moving for "a copy of the late patent constituting the Commission for executing the office of Lord High Admiral, with a return of the names and rank of the persons constituting that Commission, and th, pay and allowances of each ; and whether they occupy the houses ap propriated for them by Government. Return of the names and present rank of the Naval Lords of the Admiralty, stating their age at the time of their entry into the service, and the elate of such entry ; the date and where they passed their exa mination for Lieutenant, and copy of certificate of such exami nation. The dates of their promotion to each rank, and the number of officers passed over by such promotions, stating the period which each has served in commission in each rank. Return showing the services of all Rag-officers in the Navy, promoted since the 29th day of June, 1838, stating the date of entry of each officer into the service, and the date of the several commissions which they have obtained, distinguishing the period passed in com mission in their respective ranks, the period on half-pay in each rank, and the total period on full and half-pay, and showing also the period when and in what ship each was last employed, and the age of each officer at the date of last promotion ( in continua. tiun of the Returns No. VI. of Appendix in the Report of the Commission of Naval Inquiry in 1840). Sir G. COCKBURN said that he should have no objection to grant a copy of the patent of the Lords of the Admiralty, and a copy of the last promotions ; but he could not consent to call on parties to produce their certificates and other vexatious returns. _ _ Mr. HUME acknowledged that his motion referred to some matters of trifling detail, which he should not then insist upon. To the Mt return of the patent of the Lords of the Admi ralty, there was no objection. The second paragraph he would not press; but he would press for a return of the services of flag officers. The motion for a return of the patent of the Lords of the Admiralty was then agreed to. On the question being put for a return of the services of the flag-officers, Sir G. COCKBURN said he would only consent to a return of the services of those who had been made flag-officers since MS. Captain PECHELL thought the late promotion had been a very fair and proper one. He trusted the Admiralty would pro mote all officers who had served three years on the coast of Africa, and he thought that, as in the French service, those officers ought to have double pay. He complained that the in tentions of the Naval and Military Commission had not been carried into effect as regarded Masters and Pursers. Sir G. COCKBURN said the case of these officers was under consideration. Sir R. PEEL, in reply to a question which the Gallant Of ficer had asked the other evening, begged to state that it was his (Sir R. Peel's) intention to bring in a Bill to settle the application of the proceeds arising from slave prizes taken on the coast of Africa. _ _ On the question being put for the return of flag-officers pro moted since 1838, . Mr. HUME said that that return would not suit his purpose at all ; he must have the return as be had originally moved for it, and he would divide the House on the question. Strangers were then ordered to withdraw, and the House divided, when there appeared— For Mr. Hums motion 23 Against it . Majority against the motion.... ...... —77 POOR-LAWS. On the motion of Mr. FERRAND various returns con nected with the administration of the Poor •laws, were ordered. LAW___ __COURTS COURTS (IRELAND). ___ . _____ __ _ . _ The CHANCELLOR of the 'EXCHEQUER moved for leave to bring in a Bill to regulate and diminish the expenses attending the Law Courts in Ireland. The Bill was introduced to carry out the Report of the Com mission which had been appointed to investigate the subject, and which Report had been laid on the table. The Bill, which would save a large sum of money to the public, would add to the efficiency of the several Courts. The Bill had been submitted to the Irish Judges, and mar!) , alterations had been made in it in accordance with the directions. After a few words from Sir V. BLAKE, leave was given to bring in the Bill. COURT OF EXCHEQUER. The CH A NeELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved for leave to bring in a Bill for abolishing certain offices on the revenue side of the Court of Exchequer in England, and for regulating the office of her Majesty's Remembrancer in that Court.—Agreed to. STAMPS AND TAXES ACTS. On reading the Order of the Day for going into Com mittee on the Stamps and Assessed Taxes Acts, Mr. JOHN O'CONNELL moved as as amendment, that in consequence of the unjust burden of taxation now pressing upon Ireland, it is not txpedient to in crease the stamp duties in that country. He contended that Ireland had always been promised certain exemptions from taxation, on account of making herself responsible for the National Debt of England. England had been saved 6,000,000/. by the consolidation of the two countries, and what advantage was obtained by Ireland ? It was said that the markets of England were opened to her. They had 'seen opened to her n a great measure before the Union, and if that were an advan tage to Ireland, England derived a correspoyling advantage by the admission of her manufactures into Ireland. A great deal bad been said of the Irish ?arliamerkt, but it was certain the Imperial Parliament had not done much to restore her manufactures. Ireland was a poor country ; and it was not fair to impose upon her the same bur dens as on England. The people of Ireland depended almost entirely upon agriculture for support ; and suit was the ruinous competition, that in one part of the cnuntrywith which he was acquainted, wages were only 3s. 6d. a weel. He denied that England had made such enormous payments to Ireland as had been represented ; on the contrary, the bdance of payments was on the side of Ireland, while England had derived much greater relief from the remission of taxation than Ireland had done. Ireland also had repaid more of the monty which had been advanced to her than England had done, ant it should be borne in mind that the sums advanced to Ireland tad allborne a large interest, while many of the advances made LI England bore no interest at all. It would not be contendet that Ireland was well able to bear these increased burdens; tie contrary was the fact. With regard to the commerce of Leland the tonnage returns could not be relied upon, and the imports had all decreased. They had every proof of the inalility to hear taxa tion. Her trade was declining, and when tt was at all spoken of, the only branch at all prospering was the linen trade. But that did not form sufficient ground for throwug this additional taxation on Ireland, which it was totaly unable to bear. The promises made at the Union had net been borne out : the expenditure of Great Britain was increasing, and they should be forced to contribute more and mere, and he thought it was time for them to remonstrate. He brew out the ques tion now in order to draw public at attention to it. Mr. BROTHERTON had not had the least expectation, that when the Hon. Member rose at twelvt o'clock, he would have detained the House for an hour and a half; as it was im possible any answer could be given to it tanight, and as the Government had encouraged the delay, be should move that the debate be adjourned. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER hoped the Hon. Gentleman would allow the discusion to be closed to night, as the object of going into Commitee was to relieve the railways from certain duties which pressel very inconveniently upon them. With respect to the speechof the Hon. Gentle man, he did not think it bore upon the points of the tkuestion. The motion was withdrawn, and the House went ;nto Com mittee, and several resolutions, exemptirg travellers by stage carriages going on railways from duty, were agreed to. The House then resumed, and the Report was ordered to be received this day. The other Orders of the Day having been disposed of, the House adjourned at Two "Clock. DUTCH MAIL. THE HAGUE, JULY 11.--=His Majesty King William Frederick, Count of Nassau, will come to the Hague to-morrow, and stop here for a few days. DUSSELDORF, JULY I 1.-Our Journal has the following account from Berlin :—" To-day, July the 6th, news has been received from Warsaw, by the telegraph, that his Majesty the King of Prussia arrived safe at the Palace of Peterhof, on the Ist of July, at one o'clock in the afternoon." PErtasitu RCM, JULY I.—Up to the 13th of June, 550 mer chantmen had arrived in the port of Rigs, and 301 had already left.. The value of the imports was 1,5,216 silver rubles, and that of the exports 4,559,685 silver rubles. The Moscow Gazette gives the details of a great fire which, on the night of the 2d of May, destroyed more than 200 houses, with all their contents, in the town of Bolschoe-Pitaievo, in the Government of Tamboff. ' . The Gazette of the of Pskoff, announced, that, on the 10th of June, a fire broke out in the town of Ostroff. In the space of a few days, there were six fires in that town, which destroyed about twenty houses. The inhabitants were filled with consternation at these repeated fires, but the Governor of the pro vince, who immediately repaired to the spot, allayed their fears, and, by the prompt and active measures which he employed, put a stop to these devastations, into the cause of which a strict inquiry was instituted.—Journal de St. Petersburgh. DUTCH FUND3.AMSTERDAM, JULY i I. Money. Hills. Actual Debt, :34 per Cent 52 52 Onto, ditto 5 per cent. Arnett Syndic. 4% per ..... Wit 04 Ditto, ditto, 3) per cent. 7614 77 Commercial Coanpan3r, 44f, per cent...—. 1504 1514 Ditto (1835 and 1837) 5 per tent. Loan 1837, 5 per cant. iixchange on London, One month l2 15 Two months 03 Hamburgh, One month 35 , -714 Twomentha 43% Dutch Papers, July 12. AUSTRIAN FUNDS....VIZNNA, Jutv 4 liveper Cants. Metalliques • ..... ••••••••••••••••••••••ww ICS Four per Cents. •••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• ........ 101% Three per Cents. •••••••• 000000 ••••• 00000 000000 77)6 Bank Shares •••••••••«•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••• 1(24 THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JULY 15, 1842. LATE EDITIONS of " THE SUN" in the CITY. MR. JOSEPH THOMAS, of No. 1 FINCH LANE, CORN HILL, has made arrangements by whieh the Public and the Trade may be supplied with a THIRD EDITION of " THE SUN" EVERi EVEl4liiatliil.F-PAST SEVEN O'CLOCK, And Subsequent Editions when Published. The THIRD EDITION of " THE SUN" contains the PROCEEDINGS of both HOUSES of PARLIAMENT up to SEVEN O'CLOCK, and all other important in formation accessible to that hour. On TUESDAYS and FRIDAYS a full Abstract of the " Lon don Gazette"—Bankruptcies, Promotions in the Army and Navy, &c. &c., will be found in this Edition, the importance 3f which will be appreciated by MERCHANTS and BANKERS for their FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE. Advertisements and Orders for " The Sun" received by Mr. Thomas, No. 1, Finch-lane, Cornhill ; where also may be ) btained Every Morning, before Eight o'Clock, " THE MORNING SUN." HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND PUKE OF BADEN, having AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED several DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS— ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. THIS EVENING, JULY 15. Will be acted Miter's celebrated Opera of FRA DIAVOLO.— Fra biavolo• 51r. W. Harrison ; Lord Allcash, Mr. J. Webste r ; Loreezo, Mr . ' Walton ; Beppo, Mr. G. Stansbury; Giacomo, Mr. Leffler; Zerlina, Miss homer ; Lady Allcash, Mrs. Serie. Alter which, THE ARTFUL DO OLlE.—Artful Dodge, Mr. G. Wild. To conclu.'e with Leman Rede's JACK IN THE WATER. Places and Private Boxes may be ad of Mr. J. Kerschner, at the I'ox Office, from Eleven till Four daily. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and the Public, are respectfully Informed that ON MONDAYS, TUESDAYS, AND THURSDAY% GRAND EVENING FETES will be given, in w hich will be em bodied all those popular Entertainments that have given to this favou. rite place of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions and in troductions, which render them mere generally attractive. The MENAGERIE has been enriched by many valuable and im. portant acquisitions in the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds. .- Feeding Time Five o'clock. The Colossal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some Instances remodelled, with a Mechanical Tableau d'actioa, repre senting the Procession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman Nobles, to the Castle of St. Angelo. The BAND includes some of the most eminent Performers, con lucted by Mr. 'Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES M USIC A LES selecterlf rom the noblest works of the great Masters. The ILLUMINATIONof ST. PETER'S, the CROSS of FIRE, and the GIR A NOOL A of ST. ANGELO. with all the gorgeous Spectacles and magnificent Introductions that have called forth ac dammations of delight and admiration on each evening of their ex hibition, terminating with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour, the CASC ADE of BRILLIANT FIRE, S 1)( I Y FEET in height. The Gardens are open Daily from Ten till Dusk. The Evening Fetes, with the Promenades Musicales, Illumination of St. Peter's, isirandola of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays. Admission One Shilling. All Advertisements of a Disgusting Character, or Immoral Tendency, are excluded from the Columns of "The Sun." tt ct 4 =Z- p ,- - 'r Ito * s . 1 vr A - .1/41ptv°4, .gl ES N , AIWIIIII6 : I%•f / ti l * viiirr, .. .d . 11 , 1 ilkY , 014 '''' P4ICSIOit-idTriliti' L • . '-, . S, , - . 1,, , , 04 , ..0 • ' \, ' SCHOOLS OF DESIGN. Mr. EWART then moved—" That it is expedient that the Government School of Design be formed into a Central Nor mal School, for the instruction of teachers of design, in com munication with other schools of design throughout the coun try ; and that the general recommendations of the Committee, which reported on this subject in the year IS3S, be adopted." This was a subject of a kindred spirit to the one that had been just disposed of, and he trusted it would meet with the sanction of the House. He thought the Government should give as much encouragement as possible to the establishment of provincial schools for the study of the arts. He did not say that they should establish them, because he should object to placing such power in their hands, but they should be favourable to their establishment. Dr. BO WRING said he had very great pleasure in second ing the motion. He was happy to believe that a decided im provement had taken place in reference to this subject. The Institution of a school of design reflected great honour upon the late Government, although it must be admitted that it was decidedly inferior to many similar schools in other countries. France afforded the most remarkable examples of the beneficial effects of the application of art to manufacture. In Lyons there were between five and six hundred persons who were receiving artistical instruction for the improvement of manufactures. Mr. GLADSTONE said he believed every recommendation which could be adopted by the Council of the School of Design in reference to this subject had, in fact, been adopted. There were five places, he believed, which the Council had already fixed upon as proper places for the establishment of schools of design. Those towns were Manchester, Norwich, Birming ham, York, and Coventry, and the Council were considering where it would be proper to make up the number of six.— (Hear, hear.) The Council had had great difficulty in finding suitable teachers for the schools, from the circumstance that the application of art to manufactures was in a great degree novel in this country. He thought it would not be expedient at pre sent to adopt the motion. Mr. LABOUCHERE said the subject was one which de served the most serious attention of the Government, but he regretted that his Hon. Friend had brought forward the motion before the Report of the Council had been laid upon the table- He fully concurred with his Hon. Friend as to the importance of having efficient normal schools. He believed that in addition to the male department, the females were now receiving efficient instruction. Mr. WYSE, as one of the Council, begged to make one or two observations. The progress made in the first year of the School of Design was by no means rapid. The Council had endeavoured to ascertain whether there was any want of interest on the part of the country generally in re ference to improvements of this description, and it was found that there was every desire to take advantage of opportunities of improvement. The art of design, he was sorry to say, was not sufficiently cultivated in this country as a branch of education. He hoped, however, that in time.the subject would be taken up. Ultimately he had no doubt that we would be able to compete with foreign countries. Mr. WILLIAMS approved of the motion. From the establishment of schools of design throughout the country, beneficial effects would result to every branch of our manufac tures. He regretted the want of confidence that existed among the upper classes in the taste for our designs. He maintained that the English designs were superior to the French, which were unhappily preferred to them. He trusted the Vice-Pre sident of the Board of Trade would see the necessity of doubling the number of towns in which schools of design were to be established. Mr. GALLY KNIGHT could acatire the Hon. Gentleman opposite (Mr. Williams) that the Council of the Central School of Design was as anxious to give the subject its support and countenance as the Hon. Gentleman. Mr. HUTT, as a member of the Committee of 1336, heard with great pleasure the expressions that fell from the Right Hon. Gentleman the Vice-President of the Board of Trade on the subject. It was with much satisfaction he learned the in tention of the Right Hon. Gentleman to follow up the recom mendations of the Committee on the subject. Mr. EWART'S object had been to see that the recommen dations of the Committee on the subject were carried out. He was satisfied at the declarations that had been made on the question, and it was gratifying to him to perceive that there was a progress being made, and that in the right direc tion. He would, therefore, beg leave to withdraw his motion. Motion by leave withdrawn. CONTROVERTED ELECTIONS. Sir R. PEEL said he would not preface the motion with which he would conclude with more than three sentences. On the 2d of June, 1841, an Act had been passed to amend the law respecing controverted elections. Its duration was to be limited to the two sessions that elapsed after the then approaching general election. One of those sessions had scarcely lasted more than six weeks. That was so short a period that there was no opportunity during it of appointing a single Election Committee. All the petitions were, in conse quence, postponed to the present session, so that, in point of fact, there was only one session since the passing of the Act. He proposed then to bring in a Bill which should continue the existing law, but not to a period longer than was originally in tended. The law would ekpire, as originally intended, at the end of the next session. He did not mean to propose a single amendment, although those gentlemen who acted on the Gene ral Committee of Elections had some amendments to propose. He would not say a single word further, than to propose a Bill to continue the operation of the Act for the trial of contro verted elections to the end of the next session, the period ori ginally contemplated. Lord MAHON said that he certainly had intended moving amendment;au but the Right Hon. Baronet's proposal was so modified by his limiting the duration of the Bill to one year, that he would withdraw his amendment. He hoped the subject would be brought on at an early period next session, so as to afford time for a full discussion of it. Mr. SHIEL said that, being a Member of an Election Com mittee, he felt the loss of a legal person very much—(Hear, hear)—when questions of law arose ; and he thought if the Masters of Chancery were appointed to preside as assessors, it would be a most useful addition to the present tribunal. Mr. BANNERMAN said that he was a Member of the Committee to which the Right Hon. Gentleman alluded, and he did not think anything moro than common sense was re quired to decide the points which were raised. Lord G. SOMERSET said that as the Hon. Member for Kidderminster, who was a lawyer, and the Right Hon. Gentle man himself were Members of the Committee, he did not see what need there was of any legal assistance in that instance. Sir 11. PEEL said that he had no doubt that the jurisdiction ought to be kept in the hands of the House ; but as he did not intend to discuss the question, be would not enter upon it then. After a few words from Mr. SHIEL, in explanation, leave was given to bring in the Bill. CLERGY RESERVES (CANADA). Mr. SHIEL moved for an account of the proceeds of all sales of the clergy reserves in Canada, and of the amount thereof invested in the public funds in the province of Canada, or in the public funds of Great Britain and Ireland, and of the annual interest and dividends thereof. Account of all rents arising from the clergy reserves that have been demised for any term of years, and of the amount of the annual fund directed to be formed under the Act 3 and 4 Vic. c. 78. Account of the annual stipends and dividends which are payable out of said annual fund, and were assigned and given to the clergy of the Churches of England and Scotland, and to any other religious bodies or denominations of Christians in Canada, and to which the faith of the Crown is pledged ; distinguishing such religious bodies or denominations of Christians, and spe cifying the amount payable to each respectively out of said fund. Account of the application and appropriation of the said annual fund, to the Churches of England and of Scotland, and of the application of such part thereof as the Act 3 and 4 Vic. di rects the Governor of Canada to apply to the purposes of public worship and religious instruction in Canada ; distinguishing the religious bodies and denominations of Christians, to whose public worship and religious instruction such annual fund shall have been applied. Lord STANLEY said he had no objection to the motion of the Right Hon. Gentlemen.—Return ordered. CHURCH-RATES. Sir 11. PEEL begged of the Hon. Baronet (Sir J. East hope) to postpone his motion respecting the return of Church rates, in consequence of the indispssition of the Secretary of State. He would do everything in his power to afford the Hon. Member another day. Sir J. EASTHOPE said he had no objection. It was im possible he could press his motion for the reason stated. The motion was then postponed. LORDS OF THE ADMIRALTY, AND NAVAL PRO- MOTIONS. Mr. HUME said that he had made two efforts before for this return, which appeared to him to be reasonable, and also to the Commission appointed by her Majesty's Government, or it would not have sanctioned the amount paid to officers on half-pay, which was very great. He believed that a young midshipman might be :promoted at the age of twenty, :and from that moment become eligible for a pension, and in two years from that time might be made a Commander. Of 1,584 Lieutenants there were 536 who had never served a single day as Lieutenants. The Navy List was made a com plete Pension List for the aristoci acy. —( Cries of " Oh, o h.") He maintained that this was the fact. Promotion was given that they might retire on the pension without ser vice. Of two thousand Lieutenants, the average period since they last were employed was fourteen years and seven months. What finances could sustain this? Though the individual amount of half-pay was a small pittance to maintain a man, yet in the aggregate it was a great burden. The aggregate service amount of the Captains was little more than two years each ; the average period since they were last employed was 12 years, and some of them had received 55 years of half-pay for two years' service. The history of the Admirals was no better. His complaint was against the system, and not against this or an y preceding Admiralty. It was on the plea that justice was pot done to the officer who really did serve his country, and he HEINE BROTHERS are now selling BONDS and CERTIFICATES for the said distributions. Next DISTRIBUTION on Ist September. SELECTION of the 400 Bonds, taking part in this Distribu tion, en Ist August. Orders for BONDS and for CERTI FICATES, can be given till 21st instant, at the following prices; but SELECTED BONDS are not to be had before 2d of August, as they will be selected on the Ist of August. One Bond £4 10 One Selected Bond 3O 0 Twelve Certificates 5 0 Bonds 98,800, obtaining EA CH a Dividend between Ist September, 1842, - and lit September, 1856. Certificates, 98,800, 400 of which obtain one selected Bond, be longing to the Distribution of Ist Sept. 1842. Selected Bonds, 400, obtaining each a Dividend on Ist of Sep tember,lB42 ; largest Dividend,3,333/. 6s. Bd. Smallest Dividend, 51. Bs. 4d. BONDS and SELECTED BONDS are SIGNED and STAMPED by the GOVERNMENT, and under its Guarantee. CERTIFICATES are SIGNED and STAMPED by the BANKERS, who issue the Certificates. Direct for BONDS and CERTIFICATES, or for SE LECTED BONDS, to HEINE BROTHERS, at LUBECK. Lubeck, Bth July, 1842. Pnstcript.—Orders for less than 51. will not be attended to. THEATRE-ROYAL, ENGLISH OPERA-HOUSE. THIS EVENING, JULY 15. The Performances will commence with the DREAM AT SSA. Characters by Messrs. Oxberry, W. H. Bland, and 0. Smith; Miss Pincott, and Miss Faucit. After whieh, a New Farce, callei COUSIN LAMBKlN.—Cha racters by Messrs. J. Vining, F. Mathews, and Harley; Miss Mur ray, Mrs. Hughes, and Miss Humby. To conclude with the New Drama, called THE LONE HUT. Principal Characters lay Messrs. 0. Smith, Diddea W. H. Bland, and Harley, Miss Murray, Miss Crisp, and Miss Faucit. Boxes, 4s. Pit, es.— Gallery, Is. Doors open at Half-past Six ; commence at Seven; Half-price, a Quarter before Nine. Private Boxes to be had of Mr. Grogan, at the Private Box-office; and of Messrs. Andrews, Mitchell, Sams, and Baily, at their Libraries. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We believe Ridgway published Sir James Graham's pamphlet, but we are afraid it is now out of print, and the Right Hon. Baronet will take care that it shall not be re-published. We cannot inform our Correspondent by what means he can pro cure a copy. 'Ott ;Snit. LONDON: FRIDAY MORNING, JULY 15, 1842. The House of Lords read the Collieries Bill a second time last night without any serious opposition, in con sequence of a compromise between the parties who pro mote and oppose the Bill, neither of them, however, being the colliers, male or female, but persons claiming to act for them, and to dispose of them as if they formed a part of their own estates. Mr. BUDDLE and the colliery owners were on the one side, and Lord ASHLEY and the promoters of humanity on the other. The women and the boys seem to have had no voice ; they were esteemed by both parties as infants, and ap warmi by those who assumed to speak for them. On this great question—and we think, from the prin ciples involved, it is a very important question—we esteem ourselves unfortunate in differing from most of our Contemporaries. The Journals which, in politics, are the most liberal, such as the Morning Chronicle and the Scotsman, are the most zealous in favour of this Bill; and The Sun, singular enough, finds itself siding with coal monopolists, headed by the Marquis of LONDON DERRY. But our opposition is based on principles, and were we to give them up, we should drift without com pass or chart on the shoreless ocean of politics. If, by adhering to principles, we sometimes coincide with the Marquis of LONDONDERRY, or a worse man, it is an evi dence, not of error, but of our having some principles in common. In the course of a pretty long experience we have seen so many laws, passed from the most benevolent motives turn out complete failures, that we are no longer sus ceptible of being seduced by temporary expediency to forsake general principles. It has been established for example, by a wide induction, since writers began to ob serve and classify political facts, that the interference by law with the application of individual industry is inva riably mischievous. That principle is agreeable to the theory of Government, which is constituted not to direr the labour of any part of the community, except that which is employed in the public service, but to protect the rights of individuals. Add to these general facts the particular fact that our Legislature is almost exclusively composed of opulent and leisure classes ; that no mere manual labourer has any share in it ; that a very small proportion indeed of the manual labourers even concur in electing the.law-makers ; and there is a strong case established against the interference by such a Legisla ture with the industry of the people, in any shape or form. It seems to us also a necessary consequence of the Legis lature undertaking to regulate any one particular class of labourers, that it becomes bound to regulate the whole. Our system of production, by which society is sus tained, is one of great combination or division of labour, the weaver depending on the spinner, the spinner on the steam-engine, and the steam-engine on the coal hewer ; and the legislator who undertakes to .regulate a part must, if he can, regulate the whole. The chances are, as he really knows nothing, and can know nothing, of a system which is obviously in progress of develop ment, with population, that he will inflict on the whole a serious injury. The assumption of regulating any one part, constitutes the legislator the judge of what employ ments are proper and what improper, and how much or how little time individuals should be engaged in them If there be one needless and unwholesome occcupation in society, on that principle the legislator is to blame. how can ho tolerate the waste of life and of happi ness, which takes place amongst milliners' apprentices ? Is it not a fact, that on special occasions, far less ex cusable than supplying the public with fuel—such as any great Court festivity, a mock celebration of the chivalric ages, or a Court mourning for some worthless scion of royalty—these young creatures are kept up night after night at their work, and are plyed with stimulants to complete their task, that some Beauty may appear gaudy as a peacock ? Is it not a fact that, on such occasions, they sometimes work till they fall from their stools ? And why should not their toils be re strained and regulated as well as those of the more healthy occupation of the colliery ? " We could make out," says an advocate of this interference, " a strong case for the little maid-of-all-work, let out by her parents at seven years of age, for sixpence or a shilling a-week, to do the work of a strong woman ; and of this cla ss there are some thousands in the poorer districts of Lon don." Could not a case, too, be made out for the fisher boy bound apprentice before lie can well lift an oar, and i exposed to all the severities of winter at night in what s little better than an open boat ? Is not the legislator, on the principle adopted by the Chronicle and the Scots man, bound to prevent people becoming grinders at Shel field, and shortening their lives far more than those of the colliers? Persons who have much to do with white lead are the prey of a horrible disease, which both shortens life and renders it painful while it lasts ; shall the Legislature then, not prohibit the trade of the painter and the ma nufacturer of white lead ? We look with some bitter ness at this assumed care for human life in the legis?a tor, who, when it suits his purpose, sacrifices hundreds and thousands in useless war, and starves, by an unjust law, even a still greater number, without repugnance ( r remorse. _ The assumption that the Legislature is to judge ( f the propriety of the employments of the people, consti tutes it not the protector, but the absolute master of all, to whom every man must account for the due and proper employment of his time. We do not want a despot even in a benevolent House of Commons. It is bound not only to see that no employments are noxious, but that the whole industry of the community is applied in the most beneficial manner, and that none are idle or unemployed. Lounging at the Clubs, for example, spending day after day at horse races, and night alter night at the theatres, or in frivolous amusements, deep drinking, and passionate gambling, engaging in mischief for want of something to do, " the waste of feelings un employed" which distinguishes the upper classes, and too often makes the " heart eat up itself," shorten the days of man, aye, and of woman too, and make them nervous, distempered, and miserable, in as great a degree, perhaps, as the labours of the colliery or the mine. If the Legislature is to put an end to one species of labour because it is unhealthy and injurious, it is equally bound to set the idle to some useful occupation, and to prevent the opulent from destroying themselves by debauchery and vicious amusement. But then, it is said by the Scotsman and others, that every moment the "practices exposed continue to exist, the Legislature countenances a great national crime.' Such an opinion makes the Legislature responsible for all the evils which exist in society. It supposes, too, that the Legislature can correct every evil, and, of course, it demands that perpetual meddling which meets us at every turn, and is a far sorer evil than all the plagues together it has assumed to remove. Even its advocates bear testimony against it. The Factory Regulation Bill ksays a writer in the Westminster Review) caused more children to be immured in mines than were employed there before. The exclusion of children from cotton mills depreciated the labour of children employed in silk mills, and sent swarms of children, not to school, but to close confinement at other occupations, equally and perhaps more unfavourable to the development of the moral and phy sical faculties. So it will be found throughout that the interference of the law-maker with employments, which it is to us sickening to see the Liberal journals—for what purpose we cannot fathom—zealously ad vocate, only degrades the labourer, till at length it reduces him to be a slave and a pauper. That is what the aristocracy seek. Why should the friends of the people promote such an improper object ? We shall conclude by saying, that if we side with the Marquis of LONDONDERRY, it is our happiness to agree with that stanch friend to the people, the Earl of RADNOR. The fine property of Mr. Kenrick, called the Nantehvyd Estate, in Denbighshire, and including a domain of near two thousand acres of land, with an ancient house upon it (somewhat dilapidated, it was said in the Auction-room), was yesterday sold by Mr. George Robins, at the Auction Mart, to Mr. Leyland, the opulent banker of Liverpool, for fifty seven thousand pounds. MESSRS. RUIN D ELL, BRID GE, AND 1 CO.'S SALE.—(SECOND DAY.) Yesterday the sale commenced with TRINKETS. There was a great number sold, the following are well worthy of notice, not only for their beauty, but for their exquisite workmanship. With a lively competition amongst the trade they brought the following pnces : A pair of ear-rings and a brooch, in the form of fuschias, with pearls and small brilliants-10 guineas. A: pair of ear-rings, of two sapphires and two bril liants each---151. A necklace and brooch, cameo, with classical subjects —l6 guineas. Head of the Queen, cameo, onyx, in rich enamel setting, with small brilliants and lozenge of brilliants suspended-19 guineas. After which followed the ENAMELS. The following are selected as worthy of notice, though we regret that the prices were not such as they merited : Commodore Anson £5 0 The Regent of Orleans 4 0 A Portrait of a Gentleman and'Lady 6 12 Mary Queen of Scots 4 4 Anna Boleyn and Queen Elizabeth Louis the Fifteenth 9 5 William the Fourth 4 17 The three heads of Charles, after Vandyk 7 15 Prince Albert, by Bone 2 10 Queen Adelaide 2 2 JEWELS. This sale exhibited the most beautiful specimens that the eye was ever dazzled with, and it is only to be lamented that those to whom they were sold estimated them but for one object—and that was re-sale. The fol lowing are well worthy of notice : A gold mural neck-chain, with gold locket, set with brilliants and small rubies suspended, most beautiful— .ls guineas. A small bracelet of - gold knots, with a fine emerald and two brilliants in the head, magnificent-43 guineas. A gold brooch set with rubies and brilliants-18 gas. A very handsome gold bracelet of trellis pattern, with a superb onyx of great beauty and thickness, surrounded by four brilliants and four rubies. This is mcst superb, it was first put up at 50L, and, amidst great competition, knocked down at 116/. Some foreign gentleman is the purchaser. A beautiful small bracelet, with three fine emeralds and four buttinets and clasp-371. Three others of a similar description brought-701. A very handsome gold bracelet, with a beautiful me dalion of the Queen-11 guineas. A library seal, the stem of a eery fine block of jad, inlaid with diamonds and rubies, the seal with the head of George the Fourth, on cornelian, and the Royal Arms on the other end, in chased gold setting, and which came from his Majesty's (George the Fourth's) collection-15 guineas. COURT CIRCULAR. Mr. George Edward and the Hon. Mrs. Anson had the honour of dining with her Majesty, at Claremont, on Wed nesday. The band of the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards attended at Claremont, during dinner. In the evening Mr. and the Hon. Mrs. Anson, took their departure. Yesterday morning the Q ueen and Prin ce Albert, her Royal Highness the Duches s of Kent, and their Serene Hig hnesses the Hereditary Prince an d Princess of Sue Coburg Gotha, walked in the gardens and grounds. Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal was taken out on a pony in the forenoon, and his Royal Highness the Prince of 'Wales was also taken an airing. The Duchess of Kent left Claremont in a carriage and four, at a quarter past three o'clock yesterday afternoon, for town. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester left town at two o'clock y es terday afternoon, for her residence in Bagshot Park. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent arrived at Clarence House, St. James's, at five o'clock yesterday afternoon, from a visit to. her Majesty. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge and Prince George, and the Princess Augusta of Cambridge, at tended by Lady Augusta Somerset, went to Greenwich yester day afternoon. His Excellency, M. Dedel, the Minister of the Netherlands, returned to Wilton-crescent last Wednesday from the Hague, after an absence of three months. The Russian Minister, and the French Charge d'Affaires, transacted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. The Earl of Mountcashel had an intervew with Lord Stan ley yesterday at the Colonial -office. Lord Sandon and Sir R. Inglis bad an interview with Sir Robert Peel yesterday. Colonel M'Arthur had an interview with the Earl of Ripon yesterday, at the office of the Board of Trade. Mr. Wickham, the Chairman of the Stamps and Taxes, had an interview with the Chancellor, of the Exchequer, yester day, at his official residence, in Downing -street. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat yesterday. The Lords present were the Lord President, Lord Brougham, o the Vice-Chancellor Knight Bruce , and the Judge of the Ad miralty Court. Sir Alexander Johnston and Sir E. East, sat as Privy Councillors. Air .K,,inßdaebr. Deep Queen' s win e. uLansellChutterpeet openrd an appea l from Singh." At Bengal, Na r a Counsel , the conclusion of his address, which occupied until near four o'clock, the Court rose, - ,w - ~ -- -- ...~ RINGS. A most beautiful collection, amongst which are wor thy of notice : A brilliant burning hart, with a hand-13 guineas. An opal and two brilliants in coronet setting-22 guineas. A ruby and two brilliants-18 guineas. An Indian polished emerald-17 guineas. Four half hoops with five brilliants-120 guineas. SNUFF BOXES. There was great competition between the agents of many noble lords and honourable gentlemen for these beautiful articles: though present themselves they em ployed agents. The following were the best worthy of notice : A circular tortoise-shell box with a beautiful enamelled portrait of Madame De Sevigne-10 guineas. A circular box, with an enamel portrait of George the Fourth, by Bone-18 guineas. An oblong box, with a miniature of Mademoiselle Dupin, the cherc ami of Marshal Saxe, in gold setting -12 guineas. An oblong box, with the head of Jupiter Ammon-11 guineas. A similar one, with the head of Louis the Fourteenth —l6 guineas. A similar one, with the bead of Louis the Fifteenth —l4 guineas. A circular box, with gold medallion of George the Fourth, and Windsor Castle on the reverse-11 guineas. An oblong tortoise-shell box, with an enamel of Fre derick, Prince of Wales, by Zincke-14 guineas. A beautiful box, with an enamel of the Black Prince —l2 guineas. A similar box, isith the enamel of the Lady Jane Grey-9 guineas. A. superbly chased gold box, with a medallion of William IV. on the lid, the coronation en the reverse, and the Champion on the bottom-34 guineas. This closed the sale for the day, during which the room was frequently visited by some of the first of the Nobility and Members of Parliament. AFFECTING INCIDENT.—Previous to the Affghan istan warfare, Miss Walker, a highly-accomplished Scotch lady, possessing great personal attractions, was engaged in marriage to Mr. Munro, surgeon of a regiment serving in India, which, on the first outbreak, was ordered to proceed to Caubul. Before this order was issued young Munro ar ranged that his intended bride should leave her home for the Indies, in order that their future destinies might be linked together in wedlock. Before her departure from Scotland, Miss Walker apprised Mr. Munro of it by letter, which reachedi him on his route to Caubul, when his Colonel gave him leave of absence, that be might be enabled to meet her on her arrival. He had scarcely obtained that leave when necessity compelled the commanding officer to recal it, and order him to rejoin hie regiment, which had such an effect upon him that he shot him • self through the head. Miss Walker has arrived, and is at pre sent residing with Mrs. Ramsay, completely ignorant of the fate of her intended.—Extract from a Private Letter. Lord and Lady Powerscourt and suite embarked at the Brunswick Wharf, Blackwall, yesterday afternoon, on board the favourite steam-ship Rainbow, Captain Fife, for Ant werp. As usual, the wharf was crowded with a host of fashion ables to witness the departure of this ship, the accommodations of which are much admired. She went off really like walking the water, so steady and yet so fast. Her passengers nearly 100 in number were, with few exceptions, en route for the Rhine. A man had last week loaded his cart with hay, in a meadow, near Chateauroux, when, in rubbing a chemical match against the wheel to light his pipe, a spark communi cated with the hay, and in a few seconds the whole mass was in flames, and was speedily consumed. The fire also gained a hay-rick, which was rapidly reduced to ashes. REMARKABLE FATALITY IN ONE FAMlLY.—Yester day morn ing an inquest was held before W. Carter, Esq., Coro ner for Surrey, at the Europa Tavern, Rotherhithe, on the body of James Heard, 27 years of age, who was found drowned in the Thames, off Pageant-stairs, Rotherhithe. It appeared from the evidence that the deceased was a bargeman, in the employ of M essrs . . Cobham and Co., of Ware, Herts, and that in deli vering a cargo at White Lion Wharf, Upper Thanes-street, it is supposed he accidentally fell over, but there was no direct evidence to show how he came into the water, and the Jury accordingly returned a verdict of Found drowned." The brother of the deceased said, that the male part of the family had obtained their living for some years as navigators on the rivers Thames and Lea, and that no fewer t han eleven of them had been ac c identally drowned whilst follo w in g their avocations on those rivers, and two other: had lost their lives by accidents which had befallen them whilst so employed. .Amongst the former the father of the d eceased, and two of his sons, were drowned a abort time ago. -~~~ . A: sfERICAN NEWS. LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY MOR3ING. Tb Hibernia, Captain Burber, has just arrived at hi 3 port this morning, and by her we have dates In al New York to the 24th ultimo, inclusive. 'll le papers of the 22d say the failures among mer cl:• an is continue numerous, and business generally is ex conlingly dull in ali its departments. The state of bi isiness is sensibly felt by the banks, which have lost th a most profitable part of their business, consisting of the deposits of the mai? dealers about town. We tip_ ehend that near three-funrths of the business do riN ed from the deposits of thit, class of de leis have cel' se d to be. ft: is understood that the labours of Lord Aspour- . 01 1 . a: 7e nearly brought to a close. No doubt is now e. ttert _ained that the negotiations will be zatisfacto. - ily co , I ,511 mmated at an early day. 7 :To .oRTANT men if.trri.—Captain Hill, of the Wil lia n. Thatcher, at Philadelphia, from St. Croix, states the at. information had been received there from St. Do y, giving the important information that a revolu tio, t had broken out in the Island, and that Boyer had b ee i deposed and put to death. This is important, if true. 1. k sE HONOUR AND JUSTICE.—Anothur negro has been j turned at the stake at the mouth of the Red river. He • .s captured in the swamps and burnt in the same manna ras described in our paper a day or two since. He had id lied a man and carried off two women, one of whom he hait 1 violated, and for this they had him well chained, and ill a faggots ready, with a view of giving him a fore tast e c , f his inevitable ultimate end. E tsc LISH PHILANTHItOPY.—ILITHeSSiIIg women to coal cart a i a the colleries, making them drag a - horse-load, and then t c ry shame against this country fitr its slaves. Z ; WEATHER.—IL is just possible that we may have a at Da l I spoil of pleasant weather before the year is out ; but stii it is a matter that is very problematical indeed. Het NI wal have the thermometer up to ninety in the shade julst a dirty mizzling rain was falling for thirty-six hou cr. The side walks are covered with mud—the stre tt a ditto—the air is muggy—the ladies ciothes get dragz led with dirt—every body feels uncomfortable, and every one expects the cholera. SMI 7GGLING ON THE LINES.—It has been carried on pretty extensively, of late, on the Canada lines. Entire packa. ;es of printed goods may be obtained at Troy, at 20 • cent. less than the cost of regular importation. This i s agreeable news to the honest importer. IMPC MTANTFROM MENICO.—We have been favoured with the sit ;ht of a letter from Vera Crux, under date of Way 17, whic h discloses some facts of great political consequence, ba• letter says :—" Santa Ana has 60,000 troops und' !..r arms, well paid and equipped. Castle Ulloa, clos , y to Vera Cruz, is repaired and strongly fortified. As 3:br the Texans, no fear is entertained of there. 'The vessel:; of war bearing their flag, it is understood, do not belorq 7 to them, and stand a good chance of being treated as pir, ites." Speaking of the captives at Perote, it says :—" On Sa turda3 - the Commanding-General here told me that the whole of the prisoners were liberated." In a riding that this intelligence is from a highly in fo] mod and trustworthy source, we must remark that the all• tged extent of Mexican preparations is certainly sta.'tling. If real, they can scarcely have been made wit] tout English assistance. W'e regard it as far more likely that this array is against freedom in Mexico than Texas. Armaments agaitast the latter are Santa Ana's pretence for keeping a fora on foot sufficient to secure, by the bayonet, the power which the late elections will take from him. ATROCIOUS MURDERS AND OUTRAGES. A treuruscript was left in our office yesterday morn ing, from which we condense the following state. ment : --The passengers on board the Sunflower, which stopped at E. P. King's Wood-yard, were informed that some horrible murders had been committed in that vicinkv, and that the citizens were in pursuit of the murdere."s• Ai ter wooding, they had proceeded but a short dis:ance when they perceived a crowd upon the bank, which they ijgi,lltdfuilt apwed that a negrowerelyemaireludcdthe pursuers. They stopped, And named Joseph, belonging to Mr. Voorhees, on Bayou de Maize, had been persuaded to run off and join him by a negro run away from New Or leans, named Enoch. They nWrdered a Mr. Har rington, and took with them into the woods his wife and a young lady. They cal;cd Mr. Harrington out of his house, and he unsuspectingly wont ; a pis tol and gun were presented at him. fie was guarded into the house, when the negroe: laid their weapons on the bed, and declared their purposes to t'e to murder him, and abduct the females. Harrington seized a pistol, aimed at the breast of Enoch, and exploded the cap without discharging the load. Joseph aimed the rifle at Harrington, the young lady clung-to Har rington, the rifle went off; killing him and wounding her. His body was thrown into a lake, and the fe males carried off. The negroes had with them a mu.- latress named Margaret, whose entreaties saved the lives of the poor women, who were inhumanly out raged. They then killed a Mr. Todd, and carried off his wife and child. They also killed another person, name unknown. Jihe citizens caught Joseph on Sunday, and the girl Margaret. Enoch escaped, though supposed to be wounded by some one or snore of the balls fired at him. Joseph confessed, and they determined to burn him alive.- Ile was chained to a tree, the faggots piled around, and in that situation being questioned by P. Routh, he declared as before that he had no other accomplice than Enoch, and that Enoch made him kill the men who were murdered. His cries were terrific when the fire reached him, and by superhuman exertions he wrested the staple which confined the chain to the tree. - He was then shot, and his body cast back into the fire. The girl is in gaol in Vidalia. They are still pursuing the other villain. Since writing the above, we learn tiom a gentle man of the neighbourhood that only one female was at, and carried away from Harrington's, Kis young daughter. The statement is substantially cotrect in other particulars.—Natchez Courier. The terrible scene of burning the negro is thus de scribed by the Free Trader : The boy was taken and chained to a tree iintoo diately on the bank of the Mississipi, on what it called Union Point. Faggots were then collected and piled around him, to which he appeared quite indif ferent. When the work was completed, he was asked what he had to say. He then warned all to take ex ample by him, and he asked the prayers of all around • he then called for a drink of water , whic h was handed to him ;he drank it and said, " Now .set fire--I a:n • ready to go in peace !" The torches were lighted and placed in the pile, which soon ignited. lie watched unmoved the curl ing flame as it grew, until it began to entwine itself around and feed upon his body ; then he sent forth cries of agony painful to the ear, begging some one to blow his brains out, at the same time surging with almost superhuman strength, until the staple with which the chain was fastened to the tree, not being well secured, drew out, and he escaped from the burning pile. At that moment the sharp ring of several rifles was heard—the body of the negro fell a corpse on the ground. He was picked up by some two or three, and again thrown into the fire and con • sumed—not a vestige remaining to show that such a being ever existed. SALES AT THE STOCK EXCHANGE. $1,250 New York Seven per Cent., 1819 I OI 2,000 New York Sixes, 186 2 6.000 Kentucky Sixes 5,000 Illicois Sixes, 1870 , b6o 20i 1,000 Indiana Fives cash 69 10 Shares Delaware and Hudson 36 Do. Buicber's and Drover's Bank ..... 25 Do. Farmers' Loan 2B 35 Do. Mohawk Railroad 43 300 Do. Paterson Railroad b6O 54 9 Do. Stonington ..... l7 37 Do. Harlem Railroad 150 Do. Long Island Railroad 19 Do. Neptune Insurance Company ..... ire SECOND BOARD. 25 Do. Mohawk Railroad 43 50 Do. Harlem Railroad STATE OF TRADL:. There is no material change in any of the markets. At auc tion the following sale has taken place : Terms—Ninety days over $lOO, approved enclotibed notes. SUCCESSION OF TIM PRENCII CROWN.—II. is a remarkable historical fact that for the last two centuries ( that is since the accession of Louis XIV. in 1643) no French Kivg has transmitted his Crown to his son. Loiiis XIV. and Louis XV. were succeeded by their grandsons; and since the death of Louis XVI, it is well known no son has succeeded his father on the throne of France. The Countess of Leicester, accompianied by her son, the Earl, and the rest of her family, left London by the Princess Victoria steam ship for Antwerp, which started yester day morning from the St. Katherine's Wharf, Tower. lIOP INTELLIGENCE.—WORCESTER, JULY 13.•---We received reports from parts of this district on Monday last, being fair day; many stated that no improvement was discernible, but that generally the garoens were not lookin g so well aga in, the cold nights at the beginning of the week having given there a yellow sickly appearance, and that the bine is also much bat. tered by the high winds Upon the whole the prospect of a crop is by no means so favourable as last week, when the duty was fre ely 12,0011 10., but now no one will go be yond , ba l e k e a d m t the late reduction in pr ices. 1841 's, 000 105 s. to 126 e., choice such there y is more disposi t ion to bu y Hops at ditto, 1355. ; 1839'5, 635. to 7as., choice ditto, 841. ; 1836-7's, 455. to 705., choice ditto, 755. Weighed on Saturday 55 pockets; during the week, I. CRUELTY TO A HORSE.—Yesterday, at the Brent. ford Petty Sessions, a mar., named Cha les Taylor, a labourer, in the employ of Mr. Johnson, an extensive farmer, at Gun nersbury-plane, Ealing, appeared before the bench of Magis trates, to answer a summons for having cruelly beaten a horse. it appeared that the defendant, while at plough, driving . two blind horses, was put out of poor animals not turning the corner of the lan d ploughed to his satisfaction, when • he immediate' seized the plough fan, and with it struck the fore horse Y over the head with great force. The foreman, who witnessed the rut, told him if be repeated it, he would kick him off the premises, when the defendant again struck the horse and Mr. Johnson being unable to get rid of him, Iris engagement being for the. year, be caused him to be summoned. The defendant was fined 10s., and 75. 6d. costs. Moujallard, the man who was condemned to death by the Court of Assizes for the Vaucluse, for the murder of his mistress, was executed on the 4th instant, in the market-place of Carpentras. He died with courage and resignation, in the presence of an immense congregation of the people. --, r ,but see that rem col ?, at, t for the by r an nted 'ex- the such onfi- Lne a they tious ) n of rhieh vote came vhich Dther ,gard ItnY at he ies iII "pre tious it lie woos sirs it the tac , ' was. a was ``a