The Sun. — London, England, 1842-07-11 00:00:00

Vbirtir Xlittion SUN-OFFICE, Seven o' Cluck. THE ANTI-CORN-LAW CONFERENCE. (THIS DAY.) Mr: JOHNSON, of Derby, (in continuation from our Afternoon Edition,) said—Wherever the best improve ments in machinery had been adopted, there had been an increase in prosperity. Let the same system, therefore, be carried•into agriculture, and their own prosper ty, as well as that of the country, would be improved. He should not go into the 'general policy of the, question, nor state what should be the course to be taken by the League. put if the .changes they expected were not obtained from the aristocracy, it would be the duty of sll to join in a movement to put down that power, and that interest. 4onnsoN, of Leeds, regretted that when Sir Robert Peel referred to the increase in the Excise duties on tea and coffee as an indication of the pros perity of the people, so far from being an indication of 'prosperity it was just the reverse. From the increasing inability of the labouring classes to obtain butchers' meat and provisions, the poor in the town of Leeds generally adopted tea as a substitute, even for dinner, and that by the men as well as the women. A DEPUTY—That was stated to Sir R. Peel. Mr. JOHNSON—Not so directly as it ought to have been answered, and his friend, Mr. Whitehead, very much regretted that such should have been the case. What he stated was from his own knowledge and ex amination in the town of Leeds. Mr. GRUNDY made a statement of the superiority-6f payment afforded by the corn and flour of America to their bonds. Mr. SIDNEY SMITH said it might be as well to state, if there was a decrease in the consumption of butcher's meat and an increase in exciseable articles, how it hap pened that bread and such articles were rising in price. `This must be met by facts as a matter of course, and he believed the solution would be this—that the produce of food for cattle had been just as defective as the produc tion of food for man, and of course this forced up the price of cattle. It was also an important consideration that the productiveness of sheep and cattle had been Akecked by the last cold seasons, and a larger qUantity had died than in ordinary years. This was best proved by the fact, that lean ' stock was almost as dear as fattened stock ; the real defect was in the quantity of sheep and cattle produced. The CHAIRMAN here announced to the meeting that Lord Brongham would this evening address the House of-Lords on the distressed state of the country. it would, he thought, not only be gratifying, but useful that a number of Delegates should attend on the occasion be low the bar. He understood that his Lordship had made arrangements for the admission of the Delegates, and he (the Chairman) suggested the necessity of their assembling at four o'cicck, for the purpose of proceeding to the House of Lords at that time. Mr. T. CULLEN, Mayor of Bolton, next addressed the meeting. lie observed that nothing could be werse than the present situation of Bolton. The principal trade of the place consisted of cotton-spinning, iron foundries, machine-making, and hand-loom weaving ; all of which branches were as depressed as they could possibly be. There was one extensive iron foundry in the town, at which wages at the amount of TOOL per week were paid last year, and at present the same establishment only paid 1001. a week in wages. The establishment of another extensive iron founder and machine maker, Mr. Abanson, was closed. A number of the mills in the borough were working only short time—only three days a week. Some of the most respectable of the employers of the hand-loom weavers were obliged, as each warp was finished by their men, to discontinue fur finusishing employment on account of the depression of trade consequent on the want of demand. The result was that several weavers were thrown out of employ ment, He (Mr. Cullen) was himself a manufacturer and cotton spinner for upwards of twenty-six years, and at present the bad state of times compelled him to close hi , mill, He was at the present time Mayor of Bolton, and he could assure the meeting that if Ministers pro rogued Parliament without doing something to relieve the people, he could not vouch for the peace of the bo rough. Ile would wit lake up the time of the meeting by speaking at any greater length, as they fully under stood the distressed condition of the country. In reoly to a question from Mr. SIDNEY SMITH, Mr, CULLEN stated that the immediate effect of the al of the Corn-laws would be to cause him to open his mill instanter. The same effect would be produced, beiiew d, on other employers whose establishments t: era ow closed—upon iron founders and machine ratticeo. Mr. SIDNLV SZBITH then observed, that the reply just given to his question show( d the fallacy of the doctrine that the increase of machinery caused a falling off in the employment of the population; fer here wa,s the very btriiness - of machine-making in a depressed state, while Ow manufacturing population were still badly employed. Mr. CULLEN observed that some time ago a reduction 410 per cent. took place in the wages of the cotton 3pinners of 13olton, and since then the demand was con siderably less than before. air. 11. li. 3loottE rose to call the attention of the bi,:,,Aing to the following document : Derbyshire, twelve miles from Manchester. GLOSSOP DALE.—Population 14,000. UNOCCUPIED PREMISES. • There are at present 12 mills unoccripied in the Glossop Union, and 189 houses. A few years ago every mill was occu pied, and every house. Several on short time. REDUCTION OF WAGES. A reduction of full 25 per cent, has taken place in the wages of the operatives since 1838. In some departments the reduc tion is over 25, in others rather under—the average is 25. EMPLOYMENT. Hundreds are at present totally destitute of employment, and several thousands are working short time. Men who three years ago were earning 255. per week, are now doing the work of boys for Bs. or 9s. per week. In 1838 an unem. played person could scarcely be found. All the mills were working full time. TRADESMEN. Several shopkeepers have given up business on account of the falling off in their trade, anti the difficulty of getting in debts. Drapers scarcely sell half the goods they sold in 1838. Tailors and shoemakers in general have not more than half employment, and many of them have scarcely a day's work in a week. The working people are obliged to wear clogs; few of, them can now afford to buy shoes. The master shoemakers are not using half the quantity of leather they used in 1838. . The provision dealers take a third less money in a week than they took in 1638. The demand for cheese and butter, tea, coffee, and sugar, has fallen eff exceedingly. The principal part of the money now expended in provision shops is for meal and poiatoee. Butchers who each killed one or two cows per week have been obliged to join in the purchase of one cow, so that now the same persons do not sell more than one quarter or half a cow pvr w eek. The slaying of other cattle has fallen off in like pro. pot two. Surgeons, schoolmasters, &c., have great difficulty in ob taining payment their labours, and are subject to heavy losses, and hundreds of children are growing up in ignorance, because the parents are too poor to pay 2d, or 3d. per week. PAUPERISM. In 1939 there were 89 adult out-door paupers and 48 children. The adults were chiefly aged people and widows, and the children the children of widows.' In 1842 there are 303 adult out-door paupers, most of them able to work, and 315 children. In 1638 there were 26 in-door •paupers : in 1842 there are 101. In the quarter ending June, 1838, 130/. 15s. 141. were paid for out-door relief; in the same quarter, 1842, 21S/. Ca. 7d. The rate of relief is much lower now than in 1838, owing to the number of paupers, and the decreased ability of the rate payers_to pay rates. A rate of one shilling in the pound mow produces 2001. less than in 1838, owing to the depreciation of property, &c. He said it was of very great importance that the state of every place in the country should be made known. If the Delegation did nothing more than make the condi tion of the people known it had effected a great good to the cause of the people and the cause of righteous le gislation. INThtiVallace was to move an amendment to-night:in the House of Commons, on going into a Com mittee of Supply, to the effect that the Corn-laws should be immediately repealed. He trusted that the debate would be continued till Thursday, when Mr. Roebuck was to br ng on his motion. lie thought that the dis tress and sufferings of the country could not be impressed too often, either in the Rouse or out of it, on the minds of the pe o pl e. Mr. Alderman JOHNSON said that Sir Robert Peel had often argued that the distress in the country could not be very great when the deposits in the Savings' Banks were increasing. Noe, though lie (Mr. Alderman John son) did not place much reliance on the Savings' Banks barometer of the people's condition, yet as the argu ment had been used by one so high in station, and of such influence as the Prime Xlinister of England, he would show the deposits in the Savings' Bank of Derby did not exhibit a prosperous condition of the people et that dis trict. The amount received of depositors from the 20th of November, 1841, to the 20th of May, 1442, was 11,632/. 4s. 2d., whereas the amount paid to depositors during the same period in sums above five pounds, was 12,972 L 7s. 2d., thus showing au account of upwards of 1,000/. more paid out of the bank than was received. He had some conversation lately with a farther on the subject of wages, by whom he was told that the wages he generally gave his labourers at present were 10Id. per day. He asked it any tbod were given in addition, and the reply was that it was 10d. a day and nothing else. There was such a great supply of labour in consequence of the manufac turers not being able to absorb the surplus population, that work could be obtained at almost any price. That tsar 10 miles from Derby. There was another village four miles south of Derby where, unless the trade of the bla.:kstnith mid the shoemaker came under that head, there had never been any kind of manufacture, and where until lately it was very rare for any one to be out of *nplo,Yinellt. Two or three months ago he was told by o ne of the farmers of the village that there were then ten or a dozen incubi the village, who were employed by the surveyor of the highway in getting gravel and in break ing stones.---(ilear, hear.) In the whole agricultural district around Derby the people were beginning to feel deeply the pressure , of th e times, and pauperism was fearfully increasing. Mr. SIDNEY SMITH said he 110 been informed l a t e ly i by a Russian gentleman , that n Hassle, the population 7,f which was 45 millions, there Was not a single pair of -stockings worn by the common peopl e .— (Hear, hear) He might also adu that no one in the army under the rank of a commissioned officer wore stocking s , and even commissioned officers themselves were not invariably ex ceptions to the rule. Thus there were 45 millions of people who were . onV _waiting fur the openi ng of our ports to becolYfe'dtue - Ctistemers for stockings. Ti„. y knew very well that whe n ;once a pepple acquired a taste for what to them Was a luxury, i 4 aWll .e - a~~ aaky.—alear.) . _ • The Rev. ROBERT Z HOMPSON, of Saddleworth, said the district which he represented was situated on the borders of Lancashire and Cheshire, in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The inhabitants were chiefly employed in the woollen and cotton manufacture. The associa tion by which he was delegated to the meeting was esta blished as a Reform Association, but it had also taken up the question of free trade. In that district there were a great number of persons who occupied small dairy farms, besides being engaged in manufactures. Those farms were a great assistance to them. Last Christ mas there were 55 farms unoccupied. The wages had fallen one-third since 1828 and 1832. The number of insolvencies in the same period was 116. The amount of liabilities upon 45 of their insolvencies was 653,1001., and the average dividend paid upon all of them was 2s. lOid. in the pound.—(llear, hear.) The following document might be relied upon, as it had been prepared with great care : Result of an inquiry into the state of employment of the labouring population of Saddleworth, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, carefully made by competent persons on the 20th, 21st, and 29d days of June, 1842, distinguishing those who . are fully employed from those entirely unemployed, and from those partially employed. The entire population of the parish, as per last census, is 16,829, including the inmates of the poor-house, whose number is now 164, and who, though miserable indeed, are much better clothed and better fed than the greater part of the unemployed and partially employed. Of 8,169 labourers, the total number in the parish, 2.912 were fully employed, 1,828 half employed, 310 one-third em ployed, 526 one quarter employed, and 2,583 totally unemployed. The remaining number of 8,496, not included in this return, consists almost entirely of merchants, manufacturers, shop keepers, innkeepers, artisans, children under nine years of age, and a few owners of landed property, and professional men ; and are almost without exception, closely connected with the interests of trade. In their several degrees, they are all participating in the sufferings occasioned by the long-con tinued depression of, raanufacturing industry. Numbers of them are gadually and switty sinking into a state of pauperism, and, owing to' the great depression of property, and' the - utter impossibility of collecting rents, the landed proprietors are suf fering in a degree not exceeded by any other class. All the manufacturers in that part of the country with whom he had conversed were of opinion that if they had a tree trade in corn the workpeople would have imn v diate and full employment.—(Hear, hear.) As a minis ter of the Gospel, he had observed in his visits amongst the people of his. district that they were gradually and fearfully declining in health and strength. In one in stance he had met with a poor woman who had become a lunatic in consequence of the distress in which her husband and family were involved. The same state of things existed in the surrounding districts. When he met his brother ministers the time which was formerly spent in talking over other matters was occupied in talking of the distresses .of their respective neighbour hoods. --- The CHAIRMAN said he was glad that gentlemen had that morning directed a great part of their observations to the immediate effect of a repeal of the Corn-laws--- (Hear, hear.) Sir James Graham had.last week talked of an improvement which was to take place in six or seven years. Here were positive ,statements by men scattered all over the country—men of business and capi tal—men who knew the state of trade; and the demand • for particular articles—positive statements as to what, in their opinion, would give employment to the starving people. Was it not probable that such men were right, and that Sir James Graham was wrong ?—(Hear, hear.) It was declared, on all hands, that if the Corn-laws were repealed, immediate relief would be afforded. Mr. IBBOTSON said if the Corn laws were repealed he would take on 500 hands, and guarantee that in 14 days there should not be an unemployed workman in Sheffield.—(Hear, hear.) This was the proper reply to Ministers. If they did not know how to remove the distress they were now told, and they were bound either to find out some other remedy, or to adopt that which was suggested.—(Hear, hear.). Mr. CHAPMAN, of Loughborough, said ,he was per suaded, not only from the statements made in the Con ference, but equally from what he had seen and heard in his own district, that the country was in very great peril. It appeared to him that the safety of this country con sisted in the proper exercise and maintenance of the rights of property ; but the labouring man had rights as well as the pi ssessors of estates, and if the rights of hun ger pressed upon those of the possessors of property, it was impossible that peace could be maintained. he following letter, which he had ri ceived from Loughbo rough, w ould show the state of feeling in that town : It is the decided opinion of the manufacturers and of the more reflecting portion of the working-class here, that a repeal of the Corn-law would produce immediate relief. I have shcwn your letter to Alesssrs. Pagets and White, and to your query on this point they say, " It is our decided belief that a repeal of the Corn-law would bring speedy relief, inasmuch as the Americans, who are our best and al most only foreign customers, and who could consume im mensely mere of our goods than they can pay-for now, would then immediately send us their corn, and take what goods they required, which would cause an increased demand for the goods which they wculd take, and also an increased demand for goods for our own market, required in consequence of the American orders and the increased ability of our people to buy goods for themselties, through the greater cheapness of their food, which must necessarily fallow the free introduction of it from foreign countries." In addition to the foregoing opinion of the above parties, I beg to say that numerous Araerican mer chants, with whom we (Paget and White) have dealing, are uniform in their opinion as to their power to infinitely in crease their consumption of British manufacturers, were they allowed to pay for the same in produce. An extensive Poston merchant, who is now in this country shipping his purchases for the winter-trade, told us a few weeks ago, that were our Corn-laws repealed he could buy fifty times the amount of British goods he now does; he said he should at once cease purchasing German and French goods of such makes as he could get here, and this in conse quence of the pow er of the English to consume a vastly greater amount of American produce in consequence of the limited ex tent of our land and our expensive diet, than the cheap provi sioned countries of the continent. Mr. li.tv.moND said he resided for seven years in America, and from long intercoure with the Americans he was convinced that. if the Corn-laws were repealed it would be the means of opening a vast commercial inter course between England and America. No people were so desirous of keeping up a respectable appearance as the Americans. None were so ready to encourage English manufactures as they were, and from the reputation which English goods had acquired in the American mar kets he felt convinced that the Engiish manufactures might have almost the exclusive supply of that country. Mr. H. ItAwsos then proceeded to make a statement relative to the distressed condition of the inhabitants of Colne. Before, however, proceeding to read h:s state ment, he would observe that the people of Colne would have sent a delegate up to this Conference, but that such was the excited state of the district; that the persons residing there did not feel it safe to leave their property, and that was the reasmi why none of them had, attended the Conference. Mr: 11. Rawson then read the follow ing statement " Colne, July 1, 1841. " The population of this town and township is 8,400 persons. The progressive increase of distress and destitution, during the last fifteen months, may in some measure be estimated by the alarming increase of pauperism. The total number receiving relief for the quarter ending 25th of March, 1841, as taken from the Town's-book, was 754. For the quarter ending 25th of June, 1,133; the quarter in Sept., 1,283; Dec., 1,478. In March 25, 1842, 1,691 ; June 25, 2,073. Our present relieving officer has been in office a year and a-halt and he now states that when he first came, he paid the paupers of Coln* with IS/. per week, and that he is now paying about 651. per week, anu it must be observed that in addition to this a very considerable amount of relief is distributed from the Manufac turer's Relief Fund. At the commencement of last winter the overseers had about bOll/. in hand, but this suns was not only paid away in addition to the usual sum raised by the current rates, but the overseers were at the beginning of March last nearly as much behind, in consequence of which the rate for the ensui',g quarter was double the amount of any previous! ) levied far several years, the overseers are still very much behind, and a rate at least equal to the last must be speedily imposed. The overseers state that the paupers are ir. the most abject state of misery and destitution, bordering on actual starvation, having disposed of nearly every article of furniture, clothing, and bedding, and are now suffering, what they cannot, and will not long endure. And as to the great body of rate-payers, including the farmers, they are fast ap proaching to a similar situation. " The depression in trade has now continued so long, and with such accumulated intensity, that every branch of business is paralysed in the general calamity. As to the farmers some idea may be formed of their condition from the fact which is too noto rious to escape observation, that they are compelled to sell more or less of their cattle at every one of our monthly fairs, to enable them to pay their proportion of the Poor-rates. " The officers of the town feel confident that if the present distress continue for only a few months longer the rates cannct possibly be collected. Aa to cottage houses it is morally hr.- possible for a large proportion of the tenants to pay any rent whatever. In this extremity many of the owners who in ordi nary times paid the rates fur their tenants, have as might be reasonably expected ceased to do so, and the tenants being unable to pay the rates, necessarily increases the weight el the _burden on all thos e w h o s t i ll con ti nue to pay -rates. " In order to appreciate more fully the state of suffering to which that large proportion of our population, now dependent on the poor-rates, are reduced, it is necessary to state that the amount now given as relief is much less in proportion to their necessities than was formerly administered; indeed, the over seers and relieving officers say the scale of relief now given cannot be lowered, except at the hazard of reducing the re cipients to absolute starvation. In this extremity of suffering, in which all classes are more or less involved, the very idea of the near approach of another winter without any improvement, is truly appalling. Should this idea-be realised, how the means of subsistence for the suffering masses are to be obtained, and how the public peace is to be preserved, are problems which our legislator s ought to solve ere the time arrives." • Mr. Wet. DixoN, delegate from the townships of Accrington, Church, and Oswaldtwistle, proceeded to make a statement relative to the distress existing in the parish of Oswaldtwistle. In that parish old Sir Robert Peel had originally commenced his career, and district. the present Ri g h t Bon. Barunet possessed considerrble property that he r, w i upwards t. o in that d str It t of d on b e een tho c u a s i a c n u ci pounds a year f rom hi s property in Oswaldtwistle. The greatest distress prevailed in the parish 'frOm - Varit of work. There were a great many block-printers in that parish, who when they were in full employment earned 20s. a week, but for the last eleven months, in consequence of want of employment, these persons had not earned more than 2s, a week. IA visiting committee had been appointed, and 200 families had been visited—of these only 100 averaged Is. per head per week. rn - - one case a f am il y consisting of eight persons hact only one bed to lie upon, and that wa s scarcely worthy of the name of a bed. In another instance, a famil y' con— sisting of ten persons, bad - but one be d, and that was some straw on the floor, with the clothes which they had worn during the day thrown over them. 'the rates were with difficul ycollected, the inhabitants of the poor cottages were unable to to pay any rent, and consequently the landlords -could not pay any rates for them. A- gentleman of Oswalt's twistle had informed him (Mr. Dixon) that t • he rate-col lector had been unable to collect the rate froth twenty live farmers, in consequence of the distress they were in, and of the difficulty they had in collecting the money clue to them . for milk, butter, The people in tins neighbourhood were a. sterttly, industrious body, and had seen better days, but hope was tiliigAt gone, and unless all restrictions on the importation of grairi were taken off, and that speedily, they dreaded the approach of an- Other winter. Something must be done for them. The Rev. Mr. STANYON, of Melbourne, stated that the distress existing in Melbourne and its neighbourhood was most appalling. Melbourne had a population of 3,000 persons; it was a manufacturing village situated in a rural district. The manufactures consisted of shad stockings, silk blond, and silk. Wages had depreciated within the last six years from fifty to sixty per cent. The value of capital invested in machinery had depreciated 40 per cent. The result was poverty and destitution. He knew a case of a family, consisting of four or five persons, whose united earnings did mot .amount to more than four shillings a week. In one family, the members of which attended upon his minis try, the mother and the son, who were both reli gious characters, told him that now they did not like to converse on religion, for they found it difficult to believe, in consequence of the distress and destitution they were suffering. In the neighbouring village of Castle Donnington there were likewise hundreds out of employment. These persons all fully understood the cause of the misery, which they attributed entirely to the Corn-laws ; and they were earnestly desirous of co operating with this Conference for their removal. Mr. SUTTON said he . had merely to state, with refer ence to the district round the pariah of West Ham, that the poor-ratea had . recently been very considerably in creased, , Up to March. last the rates were 9d. in the pound.. In the month of March they were called upon for an increased rate of Is. in the pound, and lately they had been.called upon for a ls. 6d. rate. They had re fused the is. 6d. rate, but agreed to a Is. 3d. rate. Now the district round was not manufacturing but agricul tural. He, therefore; thought it right to make that statement to the meeting, in order that they should know that it was not in the manufacturing alone that the distress prevailed. There was one factory carded on by John Tucker, and shere the wages of the working people had been -reducedein on 25- per eent.....Daring the winter time, in the pariah of West Ham, there was a subscription raised for supplying the poor with coals, potatoes, and other things, the necessaries of life, or they would be in a much more deplorable state. It was very touch feared, that after the partial employment now offered them in field labour, they would be in a most deplorable si tuation as the winter approached: He would observe, with regard to the builders in the neighbourhood. They have now employed fewer hands than ever. With regard to the shopkeepers, the poor people were obliged to pur chase the smallest amount of necessaries they could ask for. • The builders, as he said before, had hardly any men employed. With regard to the small houses, a very great number of them were . untenanted, and those that were let the landlords had great difficulty in getting the rent for. He had thought proper to make this statement, having heard that it was desirable that the public should be informed of the increase in the amount of the poor-rates in the various districts of the country. A DELEGATE inquired if the population in West Ham was not partly agricultural and partly manufacturing ? The CHAIRMAN said that the population was so dense, that they could not call the small portion connected with the manufactures a manufacturing district. Mr. PALMER, of Essex, said, that the agricultural labourers were in a most deplorable condition. They obtained partial employment during the summer, - and during the winter, they remained entirely unemployed. This population resided near Lon don, and the farmers, as they were called, are market-gardeners ; so that if the agricultural labourers were prosperous at all it would be in the neighbourhood of London.—(Hear, hear.) The labourers' wages in West Ham averaged about 2s. a day. They were not employed the whole week. If they , nent to work in the morning, and it was a wet day, the farmer said he did not want them that day, they must go home. This happened two or three times a week, and on Saturday night, instead of the- man receiving 125., he got perhaps Bs. or 10s. He (Mr. Palmer) was a shopkeeper in the neighbourhood, and was perfectly conversant with the state of the labour ing people. During the last winter the poor came in for pennyworths of tea and sugar, when they used to come for two ounces of tea and a pound of sugar. He often had his feelings harrowed up in witnessing the scenes of distress; and he, often in commiseration accommodated them with things until he could go no farther, as, if they went behind in the least, they were never able to make it up again. This proved that the argument that the Corn-laws were a benefit to the agricultural labourers was fallacy.—(Cheers.) - They worked badly for the opera tive and the agricultural labourer, and of course they were bad for the whole labouring population. When the poor were driven to such distress, and when they did get a little money, was it to be wondered at that they should fly to beer as a resoure of comfort, for whatever temperance people might say about there being no nourishment in beer, yet it was a stimulent. And was it to be wondered at that they should not heed the ex hortation of ministers of the Gospel? Such was the state of the agricultural population, and he was afraid unless something were done that it would remain so. The Rev. Mr. FERGUSON, of Leicester, said that so great wan the alarm created by the present distressed state of the country, that the humbler members of his congregation were constantly asking him whether " they had risen as yet in Yorkshire, and whether there had seen any disturbances in the manufacturing districts." Mr. MoottE wished to say, in confirmation of what had fallen from Mr. Palmer as to the inefficiency of the Coin laws to protect agriculturists, that no class was more distressed than the agricultural population of, Ire land. There were no manufactures, it might be said, in Ireland, and the Corn-laws were established there as in this country. But under the influence of those laws the produce of the Irish soil left the country, and the farmers lived upon potatoes and buttermilk, and the labourers upon potatoes and salt. Ile believed it was fully proved that notwithstanding the richnes of the soil of Ireland, the moisture of the climate rendered it unfit for the growth of wheat. The most profitable crops for the Irish farmer would be green crops and flax. • The result of the present Corn-laws was to encourage the farmer, under the influence of a fallacious protection, to' cultivate wheat, which failed in many seasons, and which, under any circumstances, was exported from the country tor the payment of rents. Under the present system, too, the landlords frequently ejected the poor cotters that they might place their lands in the hands of farmers, who employed large capital in the growth of wheat. Let the Corn-laws be repealed, and green crops and flax would be grown in Ireland, the linen trade would flourish to an extent never known before, manufactures would spring up, and other resources, besides the cultivation of land, would be opened to the people. In what did the Corns:lawa protect the Irish farmer ? They protected him in bare feet, ragged clothes, and a wet floor to lie upon.. They protected him in starvation ; and they pro tected the landlord in the right to wring from him every thing but his starvation. The sooner the people of Ire land got rid of such protection the better.—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN intimated to the meeting that- the time for adjourning had come ; and he wished, previous to their breaking up; to inform the Delegates that seats would be provided for them in the House of Lords to hear Lord Brougham. They would therefore proceed to the House in a body. The meeting then adjourned till 11 o'clock to-morrow, IMPERIAL - PARLIAMENT (THIS bAY.) HOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKER took the . Chair a few minutes before Four u'Cloek. KEIGHTLEY UNION. After a short conversation, leave was given to the Keightley Union Committee, to continue their sitting this evening, notwithstanding the sitting of the House. PRIVATI: BILLS. The Bishop of Derry's Estate Bill was read a second time. The Davidson Estate Bill, the Cleveland Estate Bill the Fitzwilliam Estate Bill, and several others, were re ported. _ The Mostyn's, BridFewater, Southampton, Lorton, and Tweeddale Estates Bills were read a second time, as was also Verconsin's Naturalisation Bill. LIVERPOOL IMPROVEMENTS BILL. The Lords' Amendments to this Bill were agreed to, and the Bill was pas'sed. THAMES NAVIGATION BILL. This Bill was brought down from the Lords withou an.) amendment. NEW POOR-LAW BILL. Mr. ORD presented a petition from a religious So ciety against ck rtaiu clauses of the new Poor-law Bill. Sir HOWARD DOUGLAS presented a petition from Newfoundland complaining of parts of the constitu tion established in that colony in 1832. NATIONAL EDUCATION (IRELAND). - Mr. Sergeant JACKSON presented several petitions, against the present system of National Education in Ireland. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY' EVENING, .117 LT 11, 1842. DISTRESS OF THE COUNTRY. Mr. SHARMAN 'Milt 1 74613135 aid he had to pre sent a remonstrance from the inhabitants of Rochdale, in public meeting assembled, complaining of the distress of the country, which was to the effect 1. That the people of the United Kingdom are now suffer ing unparalleled distress, as -proved by various Parliamentary and other documents; .. • . 2. That deaths from destitution, and commission of crime from absolute want are daily occurring and rapidly increasing,& c ; 3. .That not only are the working classes sunk to the doepe st distress, but the middle classes are rapidly descending to the same state ' • 4. That during the existence of this condition of the people, the annual production of wealth from the resources of the em pire has increased in a remarkable degree, an anomaly which can only be accounted for by the monopoly of political power, the unjust usurpation of authority, and the consequent bad Go vernment of the nation ; That' the - great masrof the teeple•aresnot cepregented in Parliament; that, therefore, legislation is conducted for the benefit of a class, and not for the interests of the great body of the people; 6. That the unenfranchised people have petitioned humbly and repeatedly without the smallest effect, or even a prospect of relief ; 7. That 3,500,000 people prayed by petition to be heard at the bar of your House, but that hearing was denied, and at the same time their objects cruelly misrepresented; 8. That the people, therefore, have no hopes of relief or re dress from a House of Commons constituted as the present ; 9. That the people assembled on this occasion now submit this last declaration to your Honourable House, deeply de ploring the utter disregard by your House of their petitions, and dreading the consequences to which that disregard may lead; 10. The people row assembled hereby declare that the, will take such peaceful and legal steps to remedy their condition as the well being of society, the security of property, and their extreme sufferings imperatively demand. (Signed, on behalf of the meeting) THOMAS LIVESEY, Chairman. The SPEAKER informed the Hots. Member that the fmms of the House, as observed hitherto, did not allow of the pr esentat i o n o f a r emon s t ra t i ce w hi ch did not end with a , . prayer,l ho • " Remonstrance" was accordingly withdrawn. Ir. T. Dunosog ~preaented a - petititx, froai Sheffield, complaining of the treatment of Samuel Boul tree, and praying for medical investigation. Mr. JOHN UCONNELL presented ,a petition - against au increase of the stamp duties in Ireland. Mr. O'CONNELL presented petitions from different parts of Ireland, complaining of the management of the Post-office in that country. SUPPLY. Mr. THOMAS DUNCOMBE gave notice that when the House went into Committee on Supply, he should move as an instruction to the Committee, that all the re maining estimates excepting those required for Canada, Syria, and China, be granted for a period not exceeding three months.—(Hear, hear.) PERSONATION AT ELECTIONS. Mr. LIDI)ELL gave notice that he should on an early day move for leave to bring in a Bill to prevent persona tion at elections.. MINES 'AND COLLIERIES BILL. Mr. STANFIELD wished to ask a question of the Secretary of the_ Home Department, relative to the Re ports on Mines and Collerics. The first Report received from the Commissioners was dated, Ist •of April, 1842, and they then stated that they had given a failiful re port of the circumstances to which they had been able to gain access with regard to the employment of women and children, of the moral training . of the children they stated it to be their intention to speak in a future Report. 1k wished to ask the Right lion. Gentleman when that Report would.be laid on the table. Sir JAMES GRAHAM said he had had a communi cation •with the Commissioners, and from what took place he was -lead to believe that two more Reports were in progress, but he could not say whether they would be prtnted this Session or not. FACTORIES BILL. _ . Mr. STANSFIEII3 wished to know whether any other report had been received upon the factory ques tion, because he understood that evidence had lately bLen taken which would materially affect the question. Sir JAMES , GRAHAM. said that it was usual to issue only annual Reports, but there were, however, two quarterly Reports. which were being printed, and which would be laid before the House as early as possible: Mr. HINDLEY wished to know if It were the inten tion of the Government to propose any alteration in the Factory Bill ? Sir JAMES GRAHAM said the Government had no such intention. ROMAN CATHOLIC GRIEVANCES. Mr. T. D 66 he presented a petition the other day signed by a . great number of Roman Catholics. He wished to ask the Right Hon. Baronet in connexion with that petition, whether it was the intention of the Government to introduce any Bill founded on the sixth report of the Commissioners of criminal law. Sir J. GRAHAM said he could not do better in answer to the question of the Hon. Gentleman opposite, than refer him to what was stated in the report to which lie alluded, it was there distinctly stated that the clauses of the Bill could not be brought under the consi deration of Parliament without raising a question which might lead to inconsiderable inconvenience. THE RECENT ATTEMPTS UPON HER MA- JESTY'S LIFE. Sir R. PEEL gave notice that he should to-morrow move for leave to bring in a Bill to provide more effec tually for the security of her Majesty's person. THE TARIFF. Mr. LABOUCHERE stated, that in consequence of what had fallen from him on the subject of cement (as we understood). The Right Hon. Gentleman, the Vice- President of the Board of Trade, said he would under take to remedy the grievance if the effect of the new duty would be such as he (Mr. Labouchere) had stated. Mr. GLADSTONE said he had no occasion to modify the answer which he gave on a former day. In the space of 24 hours, however, he should be able to answer the Right Hon. Gentleman with more minuteness. TOBACCO. Mr. T. DUNCOMBE wished to know whether it was the intention of the Government to proceed %s hit the Tobacco Regulations Bill this session ? Sir R. PEEL said that his Right lion. Friend, the Chancellor of tho Exchequer had had an interview with persons concerned in the trade ; and if the Rom. Gentle man waited till he came, his Right lion. Friend would. no doubt, give him an answer. CORN LAWS. . Mr. HUMP presented a petition from the Provost and Magistrates of Dumfermlin, complaining of the dis tress of the country, which they state to have arisen from the restrictions of trade, and praying for a repeal of the Corn-laws. ECCLESIASTICAL LEASINGS 811.01 Lord J. RUSSELL was understood to ask what was the intention of the ,Governnient with regard to this Bill? Sir J. GRAHAM said he was desirous of giving a satisfactory answer to the Noble. Lord on this question. It was his (Sir James Graham's) wish that this Bitl should pass ; .he should wish, however, to proceed wit,' the Poor-law Bill and when he saw what progress those measures made, he should be desirous to proceed with the Ecclesiastical Leanings Bill. BELFAST ELECTION. On the motion ;of Mr. O'CONNE.,L, the Report of the ,t-:elect Committee on the Belfast Election was brought up, an►l ordered to be printed. MUNICIPAL. CORBORATIONS' BILL. Mr. I.E'ADER said he had to make a complaint of that be considered a very unfair and dishonest act on the part of some Member of the Government. On Saturday morning, a very few minutes before three, the Municipal Corporations Bill was read a third time and passed. It would be recol lected that a few evenings age, when it was moved that the Bill should be. committed at a late hour cif the night, he objected to its being committed then without ftirther discussion, but that he waived his objection on the understanding that the Bill should not pass until further discussion had been afforded. He then stated that material clauses of the Bill had been ex punged, and that the Bill WILS altogether different front what it had been. Ile thought, under these circum stances, a gross breach of faith had been committed by the third• reading of the Bill, and in future whenever any Government Bill was before the House Ite would feel justified in offering every obstruction in his power to its progress. • Sir R. PEEL said he was not aware - that the Bill had been read. He was certain there could have been no intention to take advantage of the Hon. Gentleman. Sir G. CLERK said the Bill had stood for the third reading several nights. In reply to a question from Mr. T. DUNCOMBE, The CHANCELLOR of the • EXCHEQUER stated that the Tobacco Regulations Bilk would be postponed until Friday next. Mr. HUME wished to know iihut stepg the Right Hon. Gentleman had taken to supply the public with silver currency. As a matter of favour he had get 10s. in silver at the Bank.—(Laughter.) The greatest possi ble inconvenience was felt throughout the country. He wished to know whether any coin had been issued, and if so, to what-extent. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he could assure the Hon. Gentle.nan that the Mint was at work upon silver coin, and was supPying the Bank as test u possible The Bank had issued 240,000/. iu sil ver since the Hon. Gentle:llan before alluded to the subject. SUPPLY. Sir R. PEEL, in rising to move the Order of the Day for the House resolving itself into a Committee of Sup ply, said, he wished to take that opportunity of noticing the statement made by the Noble Lord opposite (Lord Palmerston) on the last night, or the last but one on which the House met. That statement was made in re ference to the policy pursued by the late Government with regard to the war in Affghanistan. The Noble Lord had stated that her Majesty's Government had proposed to Lord Auckland that he should remain as Governor- General of India, and thence he inferred tligt there was an approval on the part of the Government of that policy. Ho must decidedly protests against any such inference. In the first place he should say that if her Majesty's Government had been disposed to avail themselves of the services of Lord Auckland as Governor of India, for a certain time, it was, not thence to be inferred that the Government made themselves a party to that policy. There must be every disposition on the part of a Government, whatever might be the differences of political feeling, considering that Lord Auckland had for four years administered the affairs of India, and had devoted all his time and attention to the duties of his. office, to abstain- frtim any act implying a reflection.on the person charged with his duties._ It was only natural and generous that-there should be a great unwilling ness to imply any opinion unfavourable to him. .The Noble Lord had rested his statement on the autho rity of a private letter.. He understcod that the com munication was conveyed to Lord Auckland, in a pri vate letter from Lord Ellenhorough. _ reference to the Governor of so distant a place as India, the Noble Lord must concur with him, as to :he course which one government, succeeding another, Would pursue. He was surprised at the reference that had been made to Afgh a nistan in the debate ; he was not prepar e d f o r it ; and on any subject at all affecting a Govern o r o f I n di a , so s oon about to return to this country, he had been desirous of collecting the most cor rect information before he offered any conjecture as to the statement. He (Sir H. Peel) certainly did ' not recollect any such communication as that which the Noble Lord said was conveyed to Lord Auck land; but, at the same time, as it was stated to have been conveyed to his Lordship in a private letter . from Lord Ellenborough, it was difficult for him to offer any contradiction to a letter which he bad never even seen. He could find no record of it. and . certainly no such communication had been made with the knowledge or consent of her Majesty's Government. As he had before said, he could not undertake to an swer for a communication which he had not seen, and which might have been addressed by Lord Eilenborough to. • Lord Auckland, in -a- spirit corresponding ,to that whi c h marked his public op i n i ons o f t h at noblem an . Immediately on h i s ( Si r K. P ee l' s ) accepting o ffi ce, he had made inquiry respecting the Go .- vernor-Gen era l of India, and h e rece i ve d from the Go vernor of the East India Company a minute to the effect that the Governor-General would not abruptly throw up the trust which had been confided to him, nor shrink from the responsibility of his office, so as to cause any inconvenience by his resignation. They then found Lord Auckland continuing in office at the express re quest of the Board of Directors. If he (Sir H. Peel). understood that Lord Auckland had, in compliance with the wishes of the public authorities at home, waived his own personal considerations, in remaining at the head of affairs, he (Sir K. Peel) would never, on any account—retainin g , however, his own opinions on the matter—have urged the withdrawal of Lord Auckland, he should in advising the Crown to dispense with Lord Auckland's services under such circum stances, have considered hiniself as acting with gross injustice towards that nobleman. That letter was written on the 7th. Lord Auckland ex pressed a desire to return, and therefore lie (Sir li,. Peel) was perfectly at liberty to advise the Crown in respect. to the uppoilitraeht of a successor. 01.1 the 24th ben.- tember he received a letter from the Chairman, alluding to this letter, in which he said that it was highly impure tant a communication should be made between Lord Auckland and his successor. That was on the 24th of September, knd on the Bth of October he (Sir Ro bert Peel) proposed to Lird Ellenborough to go out and he accepted the office. therefore ; it was impossible that there should be any time to receive Lord Auckland's proposal to remain in India. These were the facts of the case. Whether Lord Ellenborough might have w ritten a letter to Lord Auckland, in form similar to -that which had been alluded to, he could not say. That Lord Auck-' land had expressed an intention of remaining until a suc cessor arrived. h could readily believe. He (Sir H Peel) considered that he was perfectly at liberty to ap point a successor. Yet if any such letter as had, been referred to had been written, he could eine - pretest' against its being considered, that it conveyed directly or. indirectly, expressed, ur by implication, any approval Of the policy pursued wills respect to Afighanistame . In the course of the debates in that House he bad considered it to be his duty to avoid the expression of any opinion ou that subject. Ile had his own opinion upon the subject; but he had upon public considerations a voided any exeres shm of the future course of her Majesty's Govermnent. Ile could show, indeed, that by the directions given to Lord Auckland himself', it was consistent for him to remain. He passed now from that subjeet, before he moved the Order of the Day, to explain tho position of tho Go vernment with respect ten the supplies. The estimates for the service of China remained to be voted. It was nearly a fortnight since that vote was moved for, and the country wou:d be placed in great difficulty, un less they sanctioned the vote. It might be said that her Majesty's Government ought earlier to have called the attention of the House to the Votes of Supply. In answer to• that he would remind the House of the manner in which the House had been occupied with res pect to the measures relating to the financial and com mercial policy of that cotuary. The House had then I sat since February, and during that veriod two days in the week had - been at the dispiesal of her -Majesty's: Go vernment, and during part of that time a thirdday had been given up to her Majesty's Government. He believed that every day that her Majesty's Government could have applied to the purposes of the Go vernment had been occupied, and he thought they consisted of fifty-four days. With the general. concurrence of the House, and upon consideration cif public advantage. Every day was devoted to the progress of the three measures he had had introduced —the Corn Bill, the Income-tax, and lasty, the Tariff: With the Corn Bill the House was occupied 16 days. The property-tax took 17 days, and the tariff 14 days, and these added were 47 days out of the 56 which . were at the disposal of her Majesty's Government. The House was aware that it was highly important that the tariff should he passed. It had passed last Saturday, and, he hoped, that the return at the Custom-house would show that it already was a benefit to the country. Even if it only removed the sus pense, the removal of that would be an advantage. Now, they had to vote with the sanction of the House the vote for the miscellaneous estimates, the China estimates. The vote for China was urgent : the Government of India had decided in making no advance to tie war in Affghanistan. With respect to the war in China, an Indian loan had been agreed to at 5 per cent. The Court, in consequence, had made an application to the Chancellor of th e Exchequer for 800,0001 The Government of India had advised that they would make no further advances upon merchants hypothecated goods until December next. The Court of Directors had stated that they would abstain from drawing bills on the Treasury of India for six months. The Government had engaged to supply the India Company with funds, and it was of the utmost importance to the Hon. Service that no further delay should take place.—(Cheers.) .With respect to the miscellaneous estimates, it should be • recollected that they were from the 21st of March of one year to the 21st of March of the next. It was now the 11th July : he had abstained from proposing "those estimates before, because he would not interrupt the Government measures then in ,peogress. hut lie begged to state that many of the votes were ex hausted. He would mention as an instance the vole for . criminal prosecutions in Ireland. The Government had _postponed the payments as far as they could ; but it was ef the utmost importance to the public service that no further delay should take, place. He would not take' upon himself the . responsibility of further delay. He did net appeal to Hon. Gentlemen on the ground of courtesy to her Maesty's Government, but he stated that the public service would be seriously inconvenienced if the estimates were any longer delayed. Lord PALMERSTON felt called upon to give some explanation, and he hoped he should be able. to do so with the same calmnesss and absence of -party feeling that the Right Honourable • Baronet had done There was nothing that could offend him greater than th t he should be supposed capable of making a state ment in that House fur w hich he had not good grounds. The Right Hon. Baronet had resolved the matter into two questions—a question of inference and a question of fact. With regard to the question of inference, he could not agree with the Right Honourable Baronet ; for he- certainly considered that if the present Government had asked Lord Auckland to con tinue as Governor• General of India, the inference to be drawn, was that they approved of his policy.— (Hear, hear.) With regard to the question of fact, he thought he was justified in what he had stated by the passage from the letter which lie had read, and which had been reported very correctly. What were the cir cumstances of the case. Lord Auckland had continued in India the usual time, when, in May 1840, he received a communication from Government: requesting lam to remain. His reply was that, allowing personally it would be a matter of inconvenience to him to remain, yet if it were desired, in order that he might complete any great measure, he would remain for a year longer. 'lnc present Government came into offiec in Sept. 1841, a year after Lord Auckland had consented to remain, and when he was expected home in the course of the year, and that Lord Auckland received the letter, to which allusion had been made, from Lord Ellenborough to the President of the Board or Controul of time new Government. Ile certainly felt bound to accept the statement of the Right Hon. Baronet, that that communication had been made - without his knowledge, hut at the same time he hoped the Right Hon. Baronet would exonerate him (Lord Palmerston) from having made the statement without foundation. Lord Ellenborough might have written that letter without communicating. with: his colleagues, but Lord Auckland could have looked upon it in no other light than that of semi-official c.immunication. Where persons in office had not been in the habit of acting together, and when it was desired that the service of au officer abroad should be continued, it was always customary to make a private Committee, in order to ascertain whether it would be agreeable to that officer so arrested to remain, and that pri vate request was the visual prelude to an official communication. That was the course which lie had himself adopted in the case of Lord Haytesbury, when be had requested that Noble Lord to continue as ambassador at St. l'etersburgh. The commurication, thenfore, would not be considered as a confidential one, and be (Lord Palmerston) considered that he hats had had good grounds for the statement he had made. Sir R. PEEL said that he had read to the Honse ab solutely every thing that had pissed between himself and Lord Ellenborough on the siihjeet, and from that he ! thought the House would perceive that there was no pos ' sibility that he (Sir R. Peel) could have been a party to any such communication to Lrird Auckland. Lord PALMERSTON said he had forgotten to re mark that the letter stated that it was very lucky Lord Auckland had sent in his positive resignation. i • Sir R. PEEL said this letter was dated the 7th of Sep ; tember. Lord Ellenborough's own appointment was the Sth of October. Lord HOWICK said it only followed from that that Lord Ellenborough wrote very shortly after he arrived. Lord Ellenborough wrote by the first mail a most press ing letter to Lord Auckland, enjoining him in the strongest terms to remain. He presumed that on the 7th Lord Auckland's formal resignation had been re ceived by Lord Ellenborough. When Lord Ellenbo rough's letter arrived in Calcutta it was received with great satisfaction by Lord Auckland's friends, who were anxious for his return. Mr. HOGG- said he had only entered the House early enough to hear the Noble Lord speak of the Court of Directors having requested Lord Auckland to remain, and state that he was justified in inferring from that their approbation of his policy. lie thought the Noble ILord- was not justified in drawing that inference. In the then state of the Afikhan war and of the war with China, the Court of Directors thought the best thing that could be done for the public service was to request Lord Auckland to remain, and Lord Auck land, ,on . public .grounds, .aceeded to their request. To prove that the letter to Lord Auckland- was a mere private intimation, he begged to say that he had never heard of it. It should be understood, that it was not competent to the President of the Board of Control, to make an official request, without the sanc tion of the Court of Directors. Mr. HOGG said his Hon. Friend had made a direct application to him with reference to a request of the Board of Control in 1840, that Lord Auck land might remain in the Government a year longer. He begged to say that it was his intention to have kept all these communications between himself and the Board of Directors private, but when the Hon. Gentleman asked him, in the • face of the House and the public, whether he consented . to the request' of the Board of Directors, that Lord Auckland should remain in office beyond the term fixed for hi s retirement, and whether he considered it co nve y e d an approbation of Lord Auckland's policy and conduct— ' - why without the slightest hesitation he s a id, Y es.— (H e ar.) The question was like the Hon. Gentl eman ' s agreeing to. the word " sagacity" in the vote of thanks to Lord Auckland, from the . Boqrd of Di rectors, and then saying that in that place the word salacity did not mean sagaciousness.—(Laughter.) He wondered th at h e should have had, he would not say the sagacity but the good nature to have put such a question to him, and when he asked him wh e th er h e considered the continuation of Lord Auckland in office as an ap proval of his policy, why what, in the name of God, could he think it was ?—(Cheers.) When he was told that not one of the twenty-four Directors approved of the Affghanistan policy, he would say, ask bir J. Lushington, the present Chairman. [LEFT SPEAKING.] HOUSE OF LORDS. Their Lordships met at five o'clock. WORKING IN MINES. The Earl of LIVERPOOL presented a petition from iron masters and coal ownei s.against certain clauses in the Bill before Parliament respecting employment in mines and collieries. . The Earl of POWIS presented ia petition.to the same effect, signed not only by owners of mines but by persons cnlpbsyod in theut, Lord DARTMOUTir presented several petitioni yaulu cried *Oui pbravii4* employed ili alines-La West Riding of Yorkshire. The N oble Lord presented lso several petitions against the New Poor Law-bill. Lord CAMPBELL presented petitions from the neigh b urhood of Huddersfield, in favour of the Bill fur re gulating employment in mines. COLLIERIES AND MINES BILL. The Duke of BUCCLEUCH reported from the Select Committee upon the Employment in Miners Bill, that it was the opinion of the Committee that the Bill should be proceeded with.—(Hear, hear.) The Bill was then read a .ecound time, and orde.ed to be commttted to-morrow. The Bishop of NORWICH pi esented a petition in favour of the Bill. DRAINAGE (IRELAND) BILL. On the motion of Lord FITZGERALD , this Bill was read a second time, with the understanding that the dig cussion should ,be taken on Friday in going into Com mittee. . The Dublin Universities Right of Voting Bill was read a second time. SUDBURY WITNESSES INDEMNITY BILL. The Marquis of CLANRICARDE introduced:' a Bill to indemnify the . witnesses to be examined .betnre the Committee on the Sudbury Disfranchisement - Biit,i which was read a first time. He gave notice that, to"-mmorrow, he would move that the Standing Orders lie suspended respecting this Bill, and that it be then read a second time. Lord BROUGHAM thought it was impossible their Lordships should pass a Bill of disfrancbiseraent without toking evideace for themselves. MINES AND COLLIERIES BILL. • The Duke of BUCCLEUCH presented numerous pe-. tit:ons on the subject of Lord Ashley's (the mining em ployment) Bill, from Yorkshire and Mid-Lothian. Some of the petitioners disapproved of parts of the Bill, but the majority Ai ere in favour of it altogether. Lord WHARNCLIFFE presented petitions to the same effect from places in Yorkshi! e, Scotland and Wales. THE DISTRESS 01±' THE COUNTRY. LordWIIARNCLIFFE presented a petition which was agreed to at a public meeting of the inhabitants of Leeds, held in the Town-hall on the 29th of June last, the Mayor in the chair, complaining of the distress of the country, and praying for inquiry.—(Loud cries of Hear, hear, from Lord Stanhope.) RAILWAYS BILL. On the motion of the Earl of LIVERPOOL the Rail ways Bill passed through Committee. RATING OF STOCK IN TRADE BILL.. This Bill also passed through Committee without amendment or discussion. _ The LORI) CHANCELLOR laid upon the table a Bill for abolishing certain offices in the Court of Chan cery ; the Bill related to the six Clerks, and the sworn Clerks. It was then read a first time. DISTRESS OF THE COUNTRY. Lord BROUGHAM ruse and said, that the motion which he Was then about to submit to their Lordships, originated, as they were aware, in a petition which had been pesented some ten days ago signed by the deputies, or at least by the Chairman of the deputies, sent from the manufacturing districts of the north of England. In the prayer of that petition the men of the midland districts heartily joined. They had come to him, from a recollection of his old connexion both with the one and the other of those districts—with the midland districts ever since the year 1808, and still more in timately since the distresses of 1809 ; and in the northern districts, from having ad the honour of having represented them for a short period in the other House of Parliament. Ile had yielded to their request with great reluctance. He should then proceed to per form the promise which he had so reluctantly made, with a degree of unwillingness• which one ought no per haps to feel in discharging an important • duty. But nothing could be more embarrassing and more vexatious than to feel that he must disappoint those hopes of re dress and relief which they expected, if not at his hands, at least through his endeavours, and nothing could to more painful than to have to state to their Lordships a me so lamentable as theirs. They were men largely connected with the trade ,of the country, deeply inter rested in almost all the branches of its -manufac ture s ; some of them were ministers of religion, i ho felt for the distresses of the flocks committed to their cure, as did the other petitioners fur the indivi duals who worked under theta, and of whom they felt it their duty to be the guardians. It must be as painful to their'Lordships to hear the statement which those par ties expected him to make, as it was for him to make it. He should therefore take them as swiftly as he could over the ground; and he might the more easily do that and dispense with the necessity of entering at length into those afflicting details, as unhappily it was no matter of controversy whether such distress existed or not ; for all who knew the state of the country. and none he believed more than his Noble Friend opposite, were prepared at once to allow that this distress was wholly without a parallel. He, like those petitioners, or at least the oldest, among them remembered ie distress Of 1408, and of 1812, and afterwards of .1816 and 1817 ; but he protested that when he cast • back his eyes, end compared those periods with the pre sent ; end when he refreshed his recollection with the result of the inquiry then made, and com pared it with what it had been his most painful duty to leorn, within the last three or tour weeks, of the present state of things. He might almost without exaggeration say, that those times presented a compaaatively prosperous state of things. lie would keep the promise he had givenof passing over the ground as quickly as he could, and he would begin at once to state the case. In the west of England for years past, he might say for ten or twelve years past, there had been' a , gradual change—gradual at first, es always happened in such cases, but proceeding afterwards with an accelerated pace to the almost ex tinction of this branch of their manufactures—looms still—houses untenanted—rents falling from one-third to one-half, sometimes even more—cottages to the number of three out of four untenanted, and every appearance of a transfer of our former flourishing manufactures front Gloucestershire, Wiltshi.te, and other parts. It had been hoped that that was a mere transfer, and that what these counties had lost the north had gained ; but it did so happen, that coeval with the decline of the manufactures in the west, had been the commence ment of the distress which now affiie ed the north. Then when they went to the Midland Counties, to Leicestershire, to Shropshire, to Staffordshire, to Warwickshire, and carried the eye to Lancashire and Yorkshire, the state of distress was almost the same as in those counties were the woollen manufacture was in existence—houses untenanted, rents fallen, industrious, able-bodied, healthy—at least at one time in health— skilful as men could be, both win).- and able to work, and only desirous fur hardly a pittance to support them, thrown out of employment by thousands, and those thousands receiving only such a pittance that it could hardly be believed how life was sustained.—(Hear, hear.) Wages were down to a Id., the poor's-rate was increased—in some places double, in other places three-fold and four-fold, and even eight-fold. And in some districts there was a defalcation in property, 20 or 30 or 40 per cent. more than it was two years . ago. When he came to the details, with which he wai afraid to deal, from the general statement over Ivhich he was running not going, they were perfectly frhtful Thousands of persona was without food for da fs, he could not say a day without a morsel to eat.- . --(Hear, hear.) In some cues the people were unable to leave their beds of straw, tblnking they would be the better able on that account to stifle the pangs of hunger. They lived on what ought not be eaten by men, and actually envied the husks to swine. Clergymen and medical men gave the same testimony as to the insuffi ciency of the food, but he must say that in the midst of those scenes, the kindliest dispositions were el inced by persons but a little removed from those whom they attempted to relieve.—(Hear, hear.) In one case, a woman famishing with her infant found shelter in a mi serable cellar, and in three hours at ter her infant died actu ally from want of being able to find sufficient nutriment. In another case, a man who had been without work fifteen or sixteen weeks, obtained employment, and worked 10 hours without food, but he was obliged to give up he came back to his house, flung himself on a bench, and his wife burst into tears, knowing he had not tasted any food that day, But some kind persons gave them a little money, and he thanked him, and said it was a sorry sight to see the poor in that state, and wished that be may never know what anger was. These things quite unmanned one, and were excruciatingly painful.—(Hear, hear.) But it was cheering to know that in the midst of this distress the people exhibited the greatest patience, and did not violate the • law of their country—(Cries of " Hear, hear")—and that all attemptswhereby ill-meaning or no-meaning persons have proved ineffectual to turn them from their duty to dick country, to their families, and to themselves. Who were those persons, of whose sufferings he had spoke, they were no wore or less than the work ing classes at large of the country. It was the working classes and their cause that the petitioners submitted to the consideration of their Lord ships ; the working classes, to whom the country owed every thing, and who had raised the commercial gruttness of the country to its present stupendous height. In his opinion the patience and tranquility of the work ing classes ought to work powerfully on their hard ships ; and added to this, it must be remembered, that the working classes had no hand in making the laws by which they were - governed.—(Hear, hear.) The millions did not contr i bute a single vote in the choice of the men by whom their laws were made. Upwards of five millions were entirely excluded from any share in the representation ; such being the case, if their Lordships were not then actual representatives, which they undoubtedly were as much us any Member of the other House of Parliament.—(Hear, hear.) He must intreat of them to be their actual protectors.—(Hear, hear.) Ile would not say a word that would wear the appeal ante of party, because the present was no party question. • (LEFT SP) AKING). TATTERSALL'S-THIS EVENING. Six O'CLOCK. LIVERPOOL C UP. 7 to 1 agst Knight, of the Whistle 11 to 1 agst Una—taken 11 to 1 ngst Th irsk— tak en 10 to 1 agst Prince Caradoe COODW OD CUP. 7 to 1 on the livid 10 to 1 agst i‘londa 10 to 1 agst Setunew COODWOOD STAKES. 8 to 1 on the field 8 to 1 agst Tapsley 9 to l agst Una Lusus NATUR.E.-A female child, about • three months 4;ld, is now. exhibiting in Chapple-street, New road. She has two heads, the body and all_ the limbs being in every other respect perfect. The child is . pained .41ixabethBeelbary,,and was born at WandsWOrth, II Sur' ey on the rail of April laat.• fithor. custeramaiger NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. • (From the Hainpshire Telegraph.) PORTSMOUTH, JULY 9. The Vesuvius steam-i , ip• C° l2. wander Ommanney, sailed from Genoa, on the 26th of June , fur England. _ The Geyser steam-f r i ga te, Commando Carpenter, arri ° , l4 on Thursday, from the R iver . Sh e rece ived . or&ra -to-day 01. the Mediterranean, came into harbour to coal; and will lot ceed to-morrow morning with ab ou t ten o ffi cers, - -and-Upwa r ' of one hundred seamen, to join the ships on that station. The Talbot, 26, Captain Sir Thomas Thompson, arrived 031 Thursday from sheerness, and will proceed in - a few day! t ° South America. The Talbot proceeds to the•Pecifia Ste i She calls at Rio Janerio, and report says, Maderia, 50 ent er, a Prince of Prussia, for a voyage to South 'America. will be paid advance on Tuesday, and proceed,tba,t, evening or the following morning. . The Venal, 28, Captain Parker, sailed on, Sheerness, to be paid off; and the Sparrow ketch,SarielSe last , on Thursdalt for the same place, to be likewise paid ofor. The Imaun, 74, bound to Jamaica as receiving andilag•lhY l there, is fast getting ready ; she is bein; filled with stern of sot Is, naval, military, and ordnance, mod, curious to say, Iv"' °' her cargo are :20,00 gallons of rum. 10th The Grecian and Sulphur, arrived at St. Helens, on the , t , of June, th e te rmer f i o m the West Coast of Africa, the fat' on her way to England. The Philomel, at Plymouth, will sail about Monday eel s, for the Falkland Islands. • for The Satellite, 16, for the Pac:fic, and the Albatross, lb, North America, wi'l go out of labour next week, and will yr° • teed to sea in a few .clay s. The Lightning steamer arrived on Sunday from Sheererg' with the Larne's seamen and marines, and returned to the river in the evenin g . The Great Liverpool steamer arrived here jesterday at Ge' thirty hours before the letters she landed at Falmouth were Leered here to the public. The Volcano steam vts,el, Leut. Featherstone,•sailed te-d a l for Bermuda, with Capt. Lenison, of the Royal Enginef r :, who is deputed to examine and report upon the state of the ticatiezis of that island. He will return to England in Volcano. tea The East India ship, the Lord Hunger ford, is daily exp ec at Portsmouth, to land the late Governor- General oi,lnd la , the Earl of Auckland and family. 'the Briti:h Queen, Belgian steam-ship, leaves Southaoll. to-morrow afternoon at three o'cleck ( Sunday), for New Yld The Marquis of Hastings convict-shin, having been up, by being lightened and manoeuvred by trimming to get bi , the leaks, without docking, was towed to Spithead again morning by the Echo steamer. The American packet-ship Gladiator, Captain Britton, I nn leave Spithead to-morrow or Monday, for New York, with 1 1 ..' steerage and 20 cabin passenger.. The emigrants are Princ,:: pally agriculturists from the neighbourhood of London, v'i tm - few tradesmen and mechanics. AT SPITHEAD.—TaIbot, Lady Rates freight-ship, and Igar. quis of Hastings convict-ship. „. n o s' IN HARBOUR .- St. Vincent, Victory, Excellent, - George, Pique, Geyser steam-frigate, Satellite,‘,Al batrc r, Echo steam tug, Adventurer naval transport, and Sylvia 0,41' PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. 0. thl PROMOTION.—Nate— Geo. H. Ricards (late Mate ..t, Sulp' ur surveying ship for six years), to the rank of Lienten7i; and to the Philomel, about to be employed surveying the , laud Isles. to th e A PPOINTMENTS. —Lieutenants—W. C. Agincourt. Master—Mr. J. W. R. Jenkins, to the Salamander. Assistant Surgeon—Jas. Henry, to the Salamander. Purser—Charles Hellier, to the Salamander. Alates— H. J. Grant, to the Illustrious. First. Engineer—George Blasland, to the Salamander. it , Mr. Edward Parry Martyr is appointed additional Clerk the Agent's Office, Royal Hospital, at Haslar. -SO THE MARKETS. COI'NTRY MAR" NTS • • AM 1 •• 1 AV/ Li 14 - • Eerie). . deans. her Quarter., a. to a. a. to a. a. t a. a. to s. C• ° 0 3ath &landlord 60 69 20 27 .0 23 39 42 Isridport 57 - 3 1 'Marti 52 8.1 23 30 18 22 32 26 3 ' : • 4xeter dioucester ,51 64 11 30 16 ' "4Q duildford 1.1 73 .6 3.1 •.?8 30 3 8 . Newbury -.2 72 t 6 1'.2 Isl ,43 34 •47 • sl Reading al 76 12 1,8 2i • • 49 . 1 Salisbury 60 18 32. 36 40 -50 •-• •• • '.O Abtrbortie - • :)8 6 , 1 2 - 1 10 18 24 40 . ifteptonMallet 5 t 4 24 32 21 24 34 'L 44, 3 44. Uxbridge 37 43 28 , 1 1 . .0 Warminstei -1 44 lii •.:3 29 20 26 !38 44 Worcester 64 CS 32 3i • '..C 42 3 0 0 I (cavil 5l 64i 24 28 2 2.1 32 44 LEEDS CORN M llf NET. Wheat, Norfolk and Sta.lk, ....... York. and Lincoln. 6011, ....... Ole. • Norfolk and Sul%lk . tils. to 69 2 1: 4 59§ tO "•,!' %;96 to Sr • 293. LO s. to 393. to '233, to Y..* r 6 :3d. per `j am , to 20 Per S'irley, Yorkshire and Lincolnshire --- Grit - 016e . ...- Beans 63lb. its, l'otatoe -Mealing, For. Pd. to KM Winning DEVIZES COI Per Sack. s. A. s. d. iirst ‘N heat 32 0 to r 3 6 Second 3n (I :'1 6 third Barley 23 0 t 8 01 IN MARKET. Per Quarter. - s. d. • 0 Oats .21 0 te 0 Beane. (per pack) l6 0 0 I.lour (per bag) 4O 0 0 Bread (per gallon) 1 9 "" CHELTENHA Per Bushel. s. ti. to s cl. IA htat 7 1 9 0 elute) , 3 0 39i Oats 3 0 391 M MARKETS. Per lb. I Reer.....•••••••••••••••••••••• Mutton .................... Veal ••••••••••••••••11 AMON. d. t ' d. '6 6 11 6 6 g Beans 5 0 5 4 Pork ....................•• Pe.32 5 0 8 0 Lamb ..... eee. 7 Hay 41.5a. to 4/. 10e. od. per hon. CANTERBURY MARKET. Wheat, white--- 05e. to i 5...... 01d............ --t•to 76 1 ....-..- ted..................... 611 s. to 6.5...... 01‘..............-s. to , Barley, Malting...—. 30s to 34s ........ Ve nding..-8. to "":', Oats ... 2ls. to 21 5....... 0h1............ —ll. lo '''''. Beane 3-4 s 3-4 s to 41-s• „.-.., 01d............. --114 t 0 ''', Pease —...—..—....... 40s. to —5..,,.. Grey........... 345. to --1 HULL CORN MARKET. Wheat, White (per Quarter) 606.625. liC 4 . Red •.(is 5 ,4 9 fifty . , Foreign Barley, Malting 3os :Ws. Ws. GriEding :8. 2)5.5 ,16 . Oats, British Foreign (in bond) lBs 20s. 2' 2 4 Beans 1,2„ 3 ~ 4(kb • ... Pease, Grey •. ''4s, 36s 31i. Blue and White 36s. :Vs. St Linseed.. Flour per t• - aelc Itape.teed (per 10 quarters) CORNWALL MARKETS. (Calculated at' 4 gallons to the bushel./ (Calculated at' 4 gallons to the bushel.) _—.---. Wheat. i Barley. ).. .___221. I. d. to r. d. 8. rl. to s. d. s. O. to 1 0 Truce — 0 75 0 38_ .... gel.tone St, Austell — 0 8 0— 0 3 8 • 0 , 0 Boduun 1 0 8 8 —. 0 4 4 0 .... 1 .1 Liskeard 0 7 6 0 36 0 .... u Launceston l— 0 7 5 0 38— 0 - 0 Carnelford !6 6 7e 3 0 3 4 9 6 . 0 Penzance I 7 8 8 4 0 4 0 0 QUEEN CHRISTINA. —The 3foniteur Paris i e i t oo Friday evening contains' the following :—" O g n for 'day evening Queen Christina and her suite set call er , Malmaiscn, to spend there the remainder of the sum'' of In the morning the Cure of Rueil, with the perruis'ie„ the Bishop of Versailles„ blessed all the apartm en 'n , the chateau, as is the custom in Spain. The next 101 0 , ing the band of the 39th Regiment of the Line, in t he rison at Rueil, 'executed several symphonies unclad .the Queen's apartment. The Mayor, the Clergy, ell roc' . different authorities, are to be received here to-m er te ii, (this day). Queen Christina has not, as was reP e i f f oe. purchased Malmaison, but has simply taken it on A 00 In all the repairs and improvements ordered e t/0 Queen, the greatest care has been tak, n to r ° l to. everything which called to mind the times of rye, peror Napoleon and the Empress Josephine. The oef t ; of room has been left as it was arranged by the 403 ‘ Napoleon. The grand drawing-room is furnished , style of the Empire ; and on the pendule on the eb l 7.-" 0 0. is a remarkably fine bronze, representing the Firs t orcl sol on horseback, at the passage of Mont St. 8 ,11 :1,0 The delicate attentions of the Royal owner of INlal ° i v. , ' have caused a lively sensation throughout the 1 e bourhood, and, notwithstanding the late hour of lie r b : e il rival, a considerable number of persons were asse °3 to greet her with loud acclamations." • ace , A mason named Dupain, residing at ComP le 4bi• • in the Faubourg St. Lazare, disappeared from 1 10 E 40 tation a feW years back, and the report ran that' I t iog gone awry with another woman, he and MI wif e lost , frequently at variance. The matter dropped at j et and was no more spoken of, when, a few daY i s some smoke being seen issuing from a crack be g od oven which is common to the different lodger s '. dr some accident being apprehended from fire, it ev e"' ze d tided to open the wall. In doing so, it was recoll; that it had been formerly used as a rabbit-1 10(. 01 1 the Dupains, but had been long walled up. The ho rror was accordingly taken down ; and what was the !I t o of the bystanders on beholding inside a dead bod/' ing dressed, leaning against the wall, like a man ine r e e ' co r tranquilly. This body, completely (hied up, Wa s er' nised to be that of Dupain. The clothes were in,. 4 , 11 s ea feet state of preservati o n, and th e s kin of the hands was dry like parchment, but dark-coloure d. 00 formation wit.- immediately given to the authoritiet'; o o. ordered the wife of Dupain t o b e arreste d on suill'i c 'hie The trial of thirty-seven of a band of silty'e' thieves and robbers, organised into a systernet, l . ciation, whos e ar res t we not i ce d at t h e time, fl e- e 00 cupied the Court o f A ss i zes f or ten days, enclrnevers Saturday last. Th e P res id en t con d emne d the Int bo ur in various punishm e nts—f rom thi r ty y ea rs' bard 'awe at the hulks down to fire years' simple iMpr ig°l3 Among the first category there were eight women' L .... , NEW BATCH OF MI DDLESEX MAGISTIO> No less than teenty-one new Ma g i s t ra tes have bee p tbs . for the metropolitan county. W e su bj o i n a list of t ae.,, first six of whom qualified on Friday, at the Senior - 1;00 1 Clerkenwell-green, viz. : Sir James John Hamilto.ft te for 2d, Gloucester-place (the defeat e d C o nservative cantor isee , Marylebone) ; John Ebenezer Davies, 3, Let:04010 Kingston; Frederick Hodgson, M.P., 3, Carlton... W./00 Alderman John Johnson, 6, Millbank-row Percival, 12, Ludbroke-terrace, Notting-hill • Charles __ o beli , Hallett. 18, Abingden-street ; Humphrey 'Harper 1 3 1 )ec ory Bushey Grange; William Henry Chickley Plowden, 8, Bo la' shire-place ; Thomas Chapman, 14, Montagu-place', 0.00 J; stone-square; Hector Roe, 18, Hilton-place. St. John B,7,tkerf Sir Henry Meux, Bart ., 16, Hill,street ; Christopher Vlore. jun., Huntsman-park, Uxbridge;' Algernon Fredari, ( l7 i °wo oe' vole, Uxbridge-common ; Thomas M. Corwick, t, 1 3, hill,.Middlesex; John Hutchinson Lce; Thomas it I:00pr James-sireet, Buckingham-gate; George Patterson , r , e 6; brook ;W. Buchanan, 3, Sussex-place, Hyde Par k.ter we nt ', Charles Richard Robinson, 27, Chester-terrace , " e ; an d park - ; James Hamilton, Marquis of Abercorn, Sta nrnor- John Henry Canceller, 53, Upper Gower-street. _ ra isicts On Thursday evening, as some workmen wer e e the ilo t e a block of cut stone to an upper story of a house in s tru" Mazagrau, the ropes gave way, and the stone in Tapir o w ere i down four workmen, who were engage d a bout it- ' 11. 0 killed on the spot, and th e o th ers were re moved to 11,e Dieu in a very pr.( carious state. ----_.--.-,--,---- BIRTHS. .if al l ' e' On tte Bth inst , in Wiltoh-creseent, the lad) Home, Esq., of a s un. ••'4 ' On the ith i ns t. , at Briahton the lady of Russel! G.rayijelaY ' On the Bth i nst ., at Sou"than: House,jthe 0011. AI ' S. __....., Spencer Law, of a daughter. _------------- . _ MARRIED. „ter On the 7th inst., at the ch-pel Hatfield House, At 1 "0. J r, ..lleres . ford Hope , to the Lady G. eldest daughter of the Marquis of Saltsbur - 7 - 7 16 , of ) is. London :.Printed apd.Yultlisbecl. by 11.IHRDO YT'osajciir' tt. 112 0 .ttrarid, at The Sun Unice 1 12 ° - " tke Counq of Iliddleses. Mondays July Ili '3lildred A. •