The Sun. — London, England, 1842-11-11 00:00:00

NEW Tilt STORY TWO ADM I R AL S , " OF TE " A, BY THE AUT THE PILOT," HO&cR OF " . On the 21st inst., in 3 vols. post Bvo., THE JACK O'LANTERN (LE FEU FOLLET); OR, THE PRIVATEER, A Story of the Sea. By J. FENIMORE COOPER, Esq. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. PIEW ROMANCE OF PERSIA, BY THE AUTHOR OF " THE KUZZILBASH," Now ready, in 3 vols., post Bvo. L-LEE IN M R 0 0. THE BUCHTIAREE ADVENTURER. By J. R. FRASER, Esq. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. * * To be had at all the Libraries. ---------------- 820 0 MONEY DIN IDENDS will be divided on the 30th Instant, amongst EIGHT THOU SAND TWO HUNDRED SELECTED Bonds of the LOAN negotiated in the year 1820, and GUARANTEED by the GO VERNIIENT and his Royal Highness the GRAND DUKE of BADEN. 1 Dividend 50,000 Florins 50,000 Florins 1 do. 25,000 do. 1 do. 12,000 do 1 do. 10,000 do. 1 do. 5,000 do. .. 8 do. 1,000 do. each B,OOO do. 10 do. 500 do. each 5,000 do. 10 do. 200 do. each 2)0 do. 110 do. each 22,000 do. 200 do. 105 do. each 467 do. 100 do. each 46,700 do. 7,500 da. 91 do. each 686,200 do. 6,200 Mosey Dividends, amounting to 892,900 Florins, cr £74,400 Sterling Money. 8,200 SELECTED Bonds, each of which is sure to obtain one of the above Dividends- Lamest Dividend ... £4,166 13 4 Smallest Dividend...... £ 716 8 12 dorms equal to £1 sterling, a trifle more or less, as per the day's exchange. ALL THE DIVIDENDS PAYABLE WITHOUT ANY DEDUCTION WHATEVER. Direct for the few Bonds which are still on sale, WITHOUT DELAY, to TLEINE BROTHERS at HAMBURGH. Bonds are on sale NOW at £l3. Against the end of this Month the price will rise to £l5, and the Sale will close before the end of this Month. Those who remit £l5 BEFORE the 15th instant, will re ceive• an order for £2 upon our London Bankers, together with the Bond. To those ordering too late for being attended to, their re mittances will be returned by first post. HEINE BROTHERS. HAMBURGH, November 1, 1842. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. THIS EVENING, NOV. 11, Will be repeated Shakspearo's Play of THE TEMPEST. Alonso, Mr. Cooper; Sebastian, Mr. Diddear - ; Prospero, Mr. Vandenhoff ; Antonio, Mr. J. Vining •, Ferdinand, Mr. C. Pitt ; Caliban, Mr. J. Bland ; Trinculo, Mr. Harley ; Ste phano, Mr. Bartley. Miranda, Miss Vandenhoff ; Ariel, Miss Rainforth. After which will be repeated a New, Original, Comic Drama, written by Mr. Mark Lemon, Authori of " The Ladies' Club," &e., entitled THE TURF. Captain Flatooker, Mr. Walter Lacy; Clovis Culpepper, Mr. Bartley; Gallop, Mr. Meadows ; Aaron Tret, Mr. Harley ; Mrs. Culpepper, Mrs. Humby ; Miss Warren, Miss Lee. Doors open at Half-past Six, and the Performances com mence at Seven.—Dress Boxes 75., Second Price 3s. 3d. ; First and Second Circles 55., Second Price 2s. 6d. ; Pit 3s; Stand Price 2s. ; Gallery ls. Tickets and Places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Whit low, at the Box-of Ace, from Ten till Four, Svhere Season Tickets may be had. Private Boxes to be had at the Box-office • of Messrs. An drews, 167, New 111nd-street ; Mr. Mitchell , Bond-street ; and of Mr. Sams, Pall Mall. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. THIS EVENING', NOV. 11, Will be repeated THE MISER'S DAUGHTER. Prin elpal Characters by Messrs. 0. Smith, Lyon, H. Beverly, Wright, Sterling, Wilkinson, Maynard, Craven, Mrs. H. P. Grattan,Miss Faucit, Miss Murray, Mrs. U. Beverly, &c. After a New Comic Burletta, called AN lONY and CLEOPATRA. Antony, Mr. Wright ; Cleopatra, Miss Murray. To be followed by a Grand Burletta Spectacle, entitled ALMA.' Principal 'Characters by Messrs. Paul Bedford, Wieland, Frampton, Mrs. H. P. Grattan, and Madame Proche Giubilei. To conclude with DEEDS OF DREADFUL NOTE. Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Doors open at half-past six, commence at seven o'clock. DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. THIS EVENING, NOV. 11, Will be presented an entirely New Nautical Drama, en titled THE UNION JACK; or, the SAILOR and the SETTLER'S DAUGHTER, written expressly for Mr. T. P. Cooke, who will be supported by Messrs. Hicks, Neville, Smith, Heslop, Mrs.. R. Homier, and the entire Company. New scenery and splendid nautical effects never before attempted. After which, THE TWO LOCKSMITHS. Burl, Mr. H. Hughes; Ellen Murray, Mrs. H. Vining. To conclude with the Comic Drama of MILITARY TAC TICS; or, TUE LADY AND THE LANCER_ Planes and private Boxes to be had of Mr. J. Kerschner, at the Bbx-office, from eleven to four. 1-IM4II .1•1 , :r. AT LONDON ERID(ir THIS DAY. 59 in:nutes after 7 1 Evotaing ...... 35 minutes after S. 4, cia , z ' Cite 2wat, LONDON : FRIDAY MORNING. NOVEMBER 11, 18.4 In the Seventh "Report of the Inspectors Of Prisons fbr the Northern and Eastern Distriet,'', is this'passage—" I feel it incumbent on me to state that, looking to the materially increased rigour of our penal establishMents within the last few years, I am of opinion that a corresponding shortening of the terms of imprisonment might be made in many cases of summary conviction, and of first.offences of a light character; and this being the case, I am satisfied that the offender would be discharged under a more salutary impression, together with less of moral and physical injury, and without any diminution of the securities of society." With the latter part of this quotation we have little to dobut• remark that it does credit to Mr. WILLIA)IS for careful observation and humanity. We cannot, however, allow the iilp hied opinion, so contrary to the boasted results of prisoa discipline, namely, that its continu ance is deleterious to the- moral as well as phy sn2ll qualities of the prisoner, to pass without notice. In confirmation of the opinion, Mr. WlLLranis adds, " The acuteness of feeling in convicts generally, after a time, settles down into a state of indifference and torpor; they become habituated to prison life ; they move like mere machines according to regulation, but without the exercise of a single faculty." Imprisonment, therefore, far from improving the moral nature of the'criminal, only benumbs, or, as it were, amputates his fitculties. The first part of the quotation shows that while the community has been pluming itself on lessening punishment, it has in fact very much increased its rigour. The penal lawgiver has had an unexpected auxiliary. The visitors of gaols, the administeringejustice, have come to his aid, and sharpened to a degree unknown to all but priSoners the pain and privation he has meant to inflict. From this we derive one great consolation. The increase of crime has been charged to the increasing humanity shown to wards offenders; but it is now proved by the highest authority that the supposed humanity , has .not actually existed. The auxiliary rigour which has not prevented the increase of offences, rescues humanity from the charge, and restores to it all that lustre of usefulness with which theory, lovin g it for itself, had gloriously in vested it. The first part Of this quotation shows, more over, that all offences for which men were doomed to imprisonment before "the present -materially increased rigour of our penal esta blishments" came into practice, are now much more severely punished than the lawgiver in tended they should be. If he had known at the time of making the law of the existence of the rigour, !he would, in reason and mercy, have shortened many terms of imprisonment which he ordained for very trifling offences. Mr. WILLIAMS' view, therefore, that now to shorten these terms would be beneficial, is confirmed by the preSent injustice of the punishment. At least, if it be just at present, it must have been Inadequate and unjust when it was ordained. In one case or the other, the Llgislature has done wrong, and has committed a serious offence, either towards the community, by not punishing enough, or towards the criminals by punishing too much, compared to which those of the un happy criminals who have kicked up a riot, per haps, or filched seine trifling article of property, are light indeed. Another consideration arises from Nr. WIL LIAMS' remark. Magistrates, far from relaxing their ancient practice of summarily convicting m en, women, and childrein, : have, from a variety of circumstances, gone lon extending and en larging that practice.', With a view to repress crime; cniminais of several kinds have been gra dually nuire-Und'more withdrAirn from the pro tection of a, jury, and summary convictions have very much increased. When a prison was a mere place of detention, a mere restraint on personal liberty, that kind of conviction was perhaps bear able ; but now, when imprisonment is associated with insufficient diet, damp cells, the want of , society, and irksome monotonous toil, and when it is inflicted on hundreds, perhaps thousands, every day in the whole society, it becomes a grievous cruelty and a grievous tyranny. The Magistrates go on inflicting it from habit, be cause their predecessors inflicted it when it was only a trifling evil, though it has now become, to thousands and to the community, a serious cala mity, injurious alike to body and mind. We may perhaps say that the paragraph we have quoted is pregnant with a more general lesson than the instruction in detail it has af forded. It is a type of what is continually hap pening, by which laws become inadequate or unjust. The law-maker, with the best intention no doubt, lays down a general rule, which is nominally fixed, and does not change from year to year or month to month ; but all the circum stances to which it applies do change, and his nominally fixed rule is in relation to those cir cumstances, by which alone it can be tested, exceedingly changeable. He fancies he has secured the stability of a law or an institution— he has only provided a form of words, a set of phrases, which will not be immediately altered; and his institution or his law is made to vary almost as soon as it comes into existence. Take the case of the 101. franchise. The law makers of 1831-32, meant by that to enfranchise the bulk of the artisans and intelligent workmen. At least it is impossible to be acquainted with Lord BROUGHAra's high opinion of those classes, with out being convinced that such was his intention. The law-makers are not very well acquainted with the habits of the people, and so the law fell short of their intention. But if the prosperity of 1834, 1835', and 1836 had continued—had the cir cumstances of the people gone on improving, that intention would speedily have been realized. The distress of 1837, 1838, and every year since ; has not only prevented the extension of the fran chise to the degree intended, but has every yea] since curtailed it more and more. In the pre. sent year, owing to the number of persons who have been constrained to receive relief, endowing to the fall in the ren t of small houses, the disfranchise ment in Leeds, Manchester, and other places, is very great indeed. The ten-pound limit, therefore, remains fixed and unalterable, but with prosperous circumstances, and a small in crease of intelligence amongst the people, that fixed rule might be extended almost to universal suffrage, or it may become, as at present, under adverse circumstances, a most narrow and re strictive law, which places the balk of the com munity out of the pale of the Constitution, and actually endangers, by its vast irritation, the safety of the State. We might easily quote other similar instances to illustrate the general lesson taught by the In spectorof Prisons' Report, viz., that while the law is nominally fixed, and the law-maker supposes because it has not worked enormous evil at one time it cannot effect it at another, the circum stances to which it applies continually undergo variation ; and, tested by them, it has varied just as much, producing, perhaps, at one time, un bearable evils which were unknown at another. We must, however, stop, leaving our readers to seek other illustrations for themselves. We may, perhaps, borrow some hereafter from the de tailed accounts of the separate prisons contained in this Report. The LORD MAYOR'S feast unites all parties in enjoyment, and furnishes no occasion for politics or partisanship. To convert it into a theme for angry discussion is to set at defiance the good example which the great men present set to the press as well as the public, and to act with as much bad taste as they displayed good taste and courtesy. We will not depart from their rule. We will not disturb the digestion of the convives with one bitter remark. We can only reg:Tt that we were not present to share the hospitality of Mr. Alderman livrarnvatv, and hear the sportive jests of Sir 1101311 T PEEL. The i worthy Alderman undertook the . defence of tur bot and turtle, when the tariff was under discus sien, and his feats on those great subjects were appropriately hinted at by Sir ROBERT as a certain augury _of numberless excellent dinners, daring the next year, at the Mansion house. The whole assambly .celioed the de lightful prophecy. . Tho Alderman and the Pre-. . mier, too, .coniplimented each other on their pubiic servicff and public virtue, andall the'com pally laughed at the joke. The Premier only I became serious when he began to describe the 1 objects he had in view, and then, too, the com pany being in a ' merry mood, lauzhed, but 1 whether it was because Sir Ron'EnT had accom p:isl!ed his object, or bad failed, the reporters' have neglected to inform us. The company as sembled to eat, drink, and be merry; and know ing that Sir ROBERT PEEL must be miserable enough in Downing,-street, and fearing that he will be more miserable still before Parliament meets, we cannot find fault with.him, that amidst the distress and ruin around him, and which have followed his footsteps, he appeared to be merry at the Loan MAYOR'S feast. LITERATURE. POPULAR HISTORY OF BRITISH INDIA. Madden, London, 1842. Those realers who. arc desirous of obtaining an insight, however slight, into the history of our East Indian possessions, will find much to answer their purpose in this unassuming volume, which, without going - deep into its subject, con veys useful information in a very agreeable mari ner. As a school -book, for which indeed it seems chiefly intended, we think it very likely to be come a lasting favourite; for it skims the surface or oriental history with great ease and dexterity, and is penned in a clear, fluent, and concise style. The only thult we find with it is, that it passes too slightly and cursorily over Clive's ex ploits in India, whi c h, as they v laid the founda tion of all our present power in that hemisphere, should have been dwelt on somewhat more in COURT CIRCTJLAR. HAYMARKET THEATRE. An adaptation from the French, originally produced at Drury-lane, some fourteen years since, under the title of Love and Wrinkles, and thence transferred to the Surrey, as My Old Woman, was revived at this theatre last evening, under the title of My Old Wo man, or Love and Wrinkles, Mrs. Fitzwilliam sustain ing her ori g inal character of the Countess Xenia, a rich young Russian widow of eighteen, who, during the campaign of the French in Russia, herself in danger from her proximity to the seat of war, as sumes the manners and appearance of an old woman of eighty, deeming wrinkles a more effectual protec tion from the insults of the licentious soldiery than a body guard of Cossacks. Falling in with the French ' troops, in the neighbourhood of Smolensko, she is saved from insult and robbery by Colonel Girouette (H. Holl), an officer in the French service, who, hav ing become subsequently wounded and a prisoner, is by her received into her castle of `Vilna, and when the French are ordered to Siberia, is saved from banishment by a marriage with the " old woman," which makes him a Russian subject. The old woman proposes, as soon as the ceremony is over, that he should return to Paris, as he can, in consequence of his marriage, obtain free egress from the Russian dominions. Gratitude, however, prevents his accept ing her generous offer, and gratitude becomes love when he discovers that his old woman is eighteen in stead of eighty. The old woman was excellently acted by Mrs. Fitzwilliam. The tottering gait, the enfeebled and tremulous voice, the shaking hand, all the characteristics of old age, in short, were given with consummate art, and without the slightest ap proach to caricature or over-acting. Her manners, too, were completely those of a gentlewoman of the old school, with just sufficient of the morgue aris tocratique to let those about her feel that they were in the presence of the Countess Xenia, who could at any time re-assume that dignity which, so long as her condescension should not be abused, she was willing to permit to remain in abey ance. Her dancing was admirable. The ball scene altogether was very well got up. •Buckstone's Michael Witzgoff, a consequential, in quisitive steward, was eminently quaint : his new versions of old proverbs were rich, and elicited roars of laughter. The comedy of Perfection, with Mrs. Honey as Kate O'Brien followed ; after which Mrs. Fitzwilliam as the Bell; of the Hotel, gave us a series of American sketches from the life ; and Mr. Buck ' stone's Kiss in the Dark concluded the evening's ' amusement. The house was well filled. DEFINITION OF THE ,( POLISH REFUGEES." TO MICHAEL GIBBS, ESQ., ALDERMAN. Literary Association of the Friends •of Poland, Sussex Chambers, Duke-street, St. James's, Nov. 10, 1842. Dear Sir, When I had the honour of presenting a petition to the Court of Common Council for the use of the Guildhall for the purpose of giving there an entertainment for the benefit of •the Polish refugees, which, by the permission of the Court, has been advertised to take place on the 16th instant, you rose in your place, and said that " It had frequently happened that persons apparently in distress had applied to you, as sitting :Magistrate, stating that, although they were Poles, they were not permitted to participate in any funds provided for the Polish refugees. You wished, .therefore, to be informed what constituted a Polish refucee ?" Being called on to answer the question, I did so in the following terms :—" In order that a person should be considered a Polish refugee, so as to be relieved from the funds either of the Treasury or the Associa tion, it is requisite, in the first place, that he be a native of Poland ; and in the next, that he able to show that he served his country in some capacity or other during the late struggle against Russia. No person is relieved who does not combine these quali fications, and relief is not granted to those who have been convicted of crimes or who are known as bad characters." This answer I believe to be correct, so far as it goes; but I am sensible that it is not complete. I feel, therefore, that I owe it to you, to the Poles, and to the public, to make to it the following addition : Besides the qualifications above mentioned, another is requisite in order to entitle a person to share in the Parliamentary grant, or in the funds of the Associa tion, and that is, that his arrival in this country should have taken place previous to a fixed time. The Treasury grants relief to no Pole, whatever may be his claims in other respects, who was not known to have been in this country on or before a day in the autumn of 1838. The Association had admitted claims to a later period ; but after having taken all the means in its power to caution the Poles not to resort to this country, finding that its funds were in adequate to meet the wants of those already here in March, 1841, it came to a resolution that it would grant no relief to any Pole who should land here after that date. This resolution has been circulated all over the Continent by means of the Polish newspapers pub lished in Paris. • This rule I believe to be wise and salutary, but it is certainly possible that, under it, instances may occur in which Poles, who have served their country and whose characters are - Unstained by any crime or mo ral offence, may be able to state with truth that they are in distress and are. r denied relief from any fund pro vided for the refugee / 4. I am'not, indeed, aware that there are at present any persons answering this de scription in the counti-y,• and it is possible that such cases may arise. There is also another class of Poles, who, having served their country and being of good character, have yet no title to relief from either of the public funds, and may therefof6' truly represent themselves to be in distress. This is composed of refugees who, having once being recipients of the Government al lowance, have voluntarily renounced it in considera tion of a fixed sum, or who as it is termed at the Treasury, have commuted {heir claims. The practice at the Treasury is to allow'ithy Pole who declares his intention of quitting the country, to receive at once, on condition of his renouncing all further claim what ever, the sum which lie would otherwise get in monthly payments during a year ; a sum which scarcely ever exceeds 261., and is often little more than half the amount. Such a practice is well calculated to diminish the claimants on the Treasury, and its effect has been to reduce the number of Poles receiving allowances from Government by nearly 150, during the last four years ; but it must be owned that the Treasury drives a hard bargain with the refugees, for what man in his senses, and not in the position of a Pole, would con sent to commute an annuity for one year's purchase ? The Pole, however, dragging out a miserable exis tence on 10s. a week, and .contrasting his present po sition with his former days of comfort and competence, finds the temptation of being conveyed to some other country too strong to withstand. He r therefore eagerly subscribes to the terms offered ; and it too often happens, that having in vain attempted to pro cure a livelihood elsewhere, he returns here after the lapse of a year or more, and finds himself in a worse situation than ever. The Association has repeatedly represented. to the Treasury the hardship of enforcing these conditions on persons so circumstanced, and has shown that a relaxation of the rule would involve but a trifling ex pense, since out of the 150 refugees who have com muted their allowance, there are now scarcely a dozen in the country; but these representations have proved unavailing. Nor can the Association provide for these persons itself : in the first place, because'its funds are insufficient ; and in the next, because byso doing it would hold out still further encouragement to others to commute, and the consequence would be the transfer of a number now on the Government list n ep . mo r atl,rt,yldea assistance, s thet a h n o c w ee ' o e , u v pn e r r ti , rny i e n i;p some ulyt tthemoit enable toe' t \m h ' o ie t afford pro vide them:with perman th e e n r t ef s o u r p e r rt. N i V . ti cases ,t c h a cannot n , ns a m nd ay s , tate truly that, although being t themselves at the S G uc u h ii p d e h r a s l o i Poles who have served their country, and who are now in distress, their claims are not admitted. In every case, however, in which such applications are received, I beg leave to suggest that inquiry should be made respecting them of the Association. Information will be most readily supplied, and you, Sir, or any of your brother Magistrates, will immediately learn whether the applicants are in the receipt of relief, and if not, the reason of their exclusion.—l have the honour to be, dear Sir, yours very faithfully, DUDLE'k COUTTS STUART, Vice-President. WINDSOR, 'ThumpAr.—Her Majesty and Prince Albert left this morning, attended by the Lord i n Waiting and the two Equerries, and accompanied by :he Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal. • The Royal party reached Slough at eight o'clock precisely, and were conducted to the special train by Mr. Saunders and Mr. Howell. Mr. Saunders, the Secretary, and [r. Brunel, the Engineer, attended th , ;) trai'i from Slough. Mr. Gooch superintended the drawing of the train, and in five minutes after the arrival at Slough the train was proceeding. The " Prince" was the name of the engine which con veyed the august party to the metropolis on their way to Walmer Castle. The Hon. Mr. Murray, the Hon. Mrs. Anson, and the two Maids of Honour, will leave the. Castle in the course of the day. The Queen and Prince Albert, accompanied by the Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal and suite, arrived by a special train at the Paddington terminus of the G-reat Western Railway yesterday morning from Windsor Castle. The Royal party took their departure twenty minutes before nine o'clock, in three of her Majesty's carriages and four, escorted by a party of Hussars, for Walmer Castle. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert were in the fist carriage. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal and the Dowager Lady .Lyttelton occupied the second carriage. Lady Port man, Lady in Waiting ; Viscount Sydney, Lord in- Waiting ; Lord Charles Wellesley (Clerk Marshal), Equerry in Waiting on the Queen ; and Col. Wylde, Equerry in Waiting on the Prince, were in the third carriage. Sir George Seymour had an interview with Lord Stanley yesterday, at the Colonial-office. Captain Fitzgerald, R.N., and Mr. James Erskine had also in terviews with his Lordship yesterday. Counsellor Lamb, an old man when Lord Erskine was in the height of his reputation, who was of timid mariners and nervous disposition, usually prefaced his pleadings with an apology to that effect; and on one occasion, when opposed in some cause to Erskine, he lappened to remark that " he felt himself growing i.nore and more timid as he grew older." "No won der," replied the witty but relentless barrister, " every one knows the older a lamb grows the more sheepish he becomes." DEATH or R. TRICIENESSE, Esct.—The death of this much respected gentleman took place on Tuesday evening at his residence, Beech Hill, near Wigan. It is rather singular,. that three gentlemen who have contested and represented the borough of Wigan should cease to exist in the same year, but so it is ; Mr. Richard Potter, of Manchester, was the first to pay the debt of nature, then followed Mr. J. H. ICears ley, whose death we recorded a few weeks ago, and lastly, the lamented gentleman whose death we have the pain to announce. The public will be sorry to hear that Captain Basil Hall, R.N., whose literary and professional eminence are so widely known, and who lately arrive d in this country from the Mediterranean, is still in a con dition of mind and body the most painful to contem plate—the result, we are informed of a Syrian fever, which was not attended to in time. Capt. Hall is at present at the Naval Rospital at liaslar. - "The Lord Mayor's ball at Guildhall on Wednesday evering last was attended by nearly 2,000 persons. At ten o'clock (lancing commenced to Adams s fashionable band of 30 performers, which played in their usual style of excellence. Several of Adams's ne w quadrilles were encored, and the dancing was k ep t up with great spirit until an early hour in the morning. William Brougham, "P, —sq., one of the Masters in Chancery, his lady and family, on Monday last, left Hall, in the county of We s t more l an d, the seat of fhL Lord Brougham, his brother, for Southamp ton-building's, London. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDA_Y EV0 , r1. , , , t1G;, NOVEMBER 11, 1842. AT THE MANOR-FARM; fliGkalt STRAY MARE.—The owner may have her Ilk. again on application at the above,'gre, hy)iaying the expenses. • J. JOHNSON. ..........mvasoeseneriatOM=R9Fl2ol.ll c _X*4 INK seizure and destruction of property, the expense , incurred in the present war, and the insults offered to the representative of the British SOVEREIGN, we can help ourselves by appropriating rich tract along the sea coast. The Chinese would gladly join in such undertakings were they assured that our army and navy could protect them against the vengeance of their rulers, and that means would be furnished to them also for defending themselves. Whatever French journalists may say, it is evident, from all accounts that the natives have no dread or even dislike of the nglish, but regard them rather as benefactors, who, in every town which they capture, distribute the public granaries among the people, and con duct themselves towards the inhabitants in the most orderly and peaceable manner. These facts are certified by Sir HENRY POTTINGER, who is entitled to more credit than the editor of the Journal des Debats, who thus describes the forlorn condition of our troops in China :—" The English garrison in Chusan (he says) has been literally starved out. At Ningpo, st city of 200,000 or 300,000 inhabit ants, a garrison of only 800 could not procure subsistence either by force or purchase." Pro bably this report has been furnished by some veracious correspondent at Macao, or on board the French frigate now on a visit to the Chinese Seas. We have no objection what ever to their taking this view of the war, but on the contrary, are glad that they can thus derive some consolation for their hard fought and fruitless battles in Africa. We have heard of no such accounts of starvation or want of provisions, and the very fact of giving up granaries to the natives proves it to be a pure fiction. Would the English commit such an act of madness if they had not food for themselvesl The edicts of the EMPEROR, too, prove the con trary. He would not denounce with such gene rous indignation the deeds of his subjects, causing the " very hair of his head to stand erect," had they thus combined to defeat by starvation the enemy they could not meet in the field. The accounts from Madrid are to the 2d inst. It appears that the.' forces sent by the Govern ment into several of the disturbed districts bad been very successful in dispersing the brigands. Two Neapolitan vessels of war, the Vesuvio and Generoso, arrived at Gibraltar on the lOtl - The first was to stop in that harbour, and the other to continue her journey to England, whither she was conveying the crew of tour steamers constructing for the King of NAPLES in London. The Three per Cents. were done at 214 for the 20th inst., and the Five per Cents. at 26 for cash, and 27 1-16, 27, 26 19-32 at 60 days. The French papers are chiefly occupied with comments on the meetings of the Delegates— the official reports of the war in Africa, from which we have given extracts—and with a curi- ous trial, now going on at Paris, implicating a great number of persons employed in a public office, similar to that of Woods and Forests in this country. Some of these officers were, em- ployed to lay out new streets for the improve ment of the cavital, and it has been proved that they had received considerable bribes from pro prietors interested in the intended lines. Their main defence is, that their salaries were so small that they had no other means of living in a style suitable to their rank. The trial was still going on. We are glad to notice a remarkable fact in one of the papers generally opposed to this country—namely, an admission that En glishmen can beat Frenchmen, not at fighting, but in making railroads. The Courrier Francais, in alluding to the contract for the first section of the railroad from Paris to Brighton, says : , " This is the .second example of English con tractors, after having finished railroads in their own country, coming to take part in ours. It is well known that the Rouen railroad, in which English capitalists have an interest, is exclu sively directed by English engineers. This is an advantage for. France, because several methods in use- on English lines, particularly in forming the embankments, are superior to ours, and will in this way gradually become known among us and be adopted at last generally." "The remnants of the Society of St. Simo nians," says the Commerce," who have confede rated with the Fourierists, have opened two lodges at Lyons. One of these is engaged in recruiting members to form a body for emigra tion to the Brazils, there to establish Working colonies. The other lodge is employed in pro pagating the principles which they call Doctrine Societaire. The Magistrates, howeVer, have been rendered suspicious and apprehensive that their meetings may end in disturbing tlie public peace, and, exercising the powers given by'the laws, have ordered the lodges to be closed: This was done by the police on the 23d ult." The Journal des Debat3 states that a conside able number of Parisian manufacturers, who are affected by the late increase of duty imposed on their manufactures by the German Customs union, are to assemble in Paris on Wednesday, to concert measures to avoid or diminish the ef fect of this augmentation of the German tariff. The same journal, which generally represents the opinions of the Government, makes the fol lowing remarks on the war with China:— It is evident that the Chinese, notwithstanding their antipathy for foreigners, know how to adopt the pro gress -. which has been realised — by other nations. Doubtlessly it will require a long thne for them to be in a state to contend successfully with the troops of Europe • but it will require perhaps a longer.thne for the English to obtain such an influence over the mind of the people as to induce them to submit with resig nation to their conquerors. Wherever the English establish themselves, and whatever concessions they may make with a view of conciliating the population, there is an immediate blank, not only of the inhabi tants, but of every thing else. The Chinese remove their property, their furniture, and their provisions, and in a few weeks the English are left without re sources.ln the fertile island of Chusan, which was so well cultivated,and of which Lord Jocelyn has d rawn'so pleas ing a picture, the English garrison who passed the win ter of 1840 literally died of hunger. Upon the little island of Kou-long-sou, at a quarter of a league from the rich and populous town of Amoy, the English garrison are obliged to draw provisions from the river of Canton, Hong-Kong, and Macao. At Ningpo, a town of from two to three hundred thousand inhabi tants, a garrison of 800 men have been unable to secure a supply of provisions either by force or money. The troops were nearly starved when they received the order of evacuation. Whatever may be the facility with which the English have hitherto triumphed over the Chinese on the field of battle, it is not probable that the war will be soon over. Are we to expect that English perseverance will at length become weary of so many useless but expensive vic tories, or that the genius of Europeans will at length make a breach in a part of the, world which has been so long impenetrable, and • unfold to view the secrets of that extraordinary civilisation which for so many centuries has kept the third part of the human species in a state of existence incomprehensible to the rest of mankind?" BOURSE—Pmt.'s, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBEit 9. First Highest Lowest 'Last Price. Price. Price. Price. French Five per Cents. 119 . 15... 119 15... 118 90... 118 90 4% per Cents 106 ... 106 .. 106 ... 106 Four per Cents 101 90... 101 90 .. 101 90... 101 90 3 per Cents 80 35... 410 35... 80 25... 80 25 Bank of France 3270 ...3270 ...3270 .. 3270 Laffitte Bank I,ooof 1055 ..1055 —.1055 ...1055 5,000 f 5080 —.5080 —.5080 ...5080 Belgian Bank 805 ... 805 ... 805 ... 805 1841 ....,1060 ...1060 —.1060 ...1060 Belgian Fives lO3l ... 103 ... 1034 ... 103 g 1840 104 a ... 1044 104 a ... 104/ Spanish Active 221 ... 221 ... 224 ... 221 Passive 3i ... 3i ... 3l r ... 31 Portuguese Fives B2il ... 321 32/ ... 32/ Roman, ex div. lo4k ... 104 t ... 104 ... 104 RAILWAY SHARES,. St. Germain ... 845 ... 845 ... 845 ... 845 Versailles, LB 92 50... 92 50... 88 75... 88 75 Rouen .... 572 50... 572 50... 572 50... 572 50 Orleans. .. 587 50... 587 50... 586 25... 586 25 Strasburg to Bale 205 ... 206 25... 205 ... 206 25 AN OLD OFFICBR OF THE CORPORATION RE STORED.—It is said that Sir Robert Peel had a higher object in view at the Lord Mayor's dinner than merely to exhibit., in these times o peril and failure, his own condescending courtesy to the citizens. He wished to encourage them to restore an ancient officer of the Corporation, and so try if they could not bring back the good old times of prosperity and security. He enacted the part, too, in order to show how much could be made of it in able hands. Uncivil Radicals in the City, therefore, rudely name him " the Lord Mayor's jester, or Alderman Hutnphery's fool." He had an excellent clown, they say, in Lord Stan ley, whose proposition to entertain the citizens by an oratorical and harmonious duet betwixt him and Lord Bohn Russell was met with roars of after , dinnet ap )lause. Between Sir Robert and Lord Stanley, say the citizens, the jests of Sir Wm. Curtis and the jokes of Joe Grimaldi will soon pass into oblivion. :'MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, QUARTER TO TIIREE. The accounts received from the Liverpool Cotton Market are this morning again favourable, a brisk lemand having existed again yesterday, and the sales having been as high as 6,000 bales. The trade took the whole of this, and at an average advance nearly of 4d. per lb.—The Railway Shares were dull, and very few sales were effected. Eastern Counties, De bentures, 104 ' • Edinburgh and Glasgow, 464 ; Great Western, Fifths, 8 ; Lancaster and Preston, 291 ; and South Eastern New, 17i. The colonisation scheme in Belgium continues to axcite much attention and controversy, four out of the six Commissioners sent to inquire into the capabilities if Central America having made a favourable report while two have given in statements rather against the preject, though acknowledging the eligibility of the port of St. Thomas, and the fertility of the soil. The Belgians have in view as much the establishment of a new outlet for their trade, as of a settlement for their surplus population, and if the Government satis des itself of the nature of the climate, and the prospects for emigrants, probably the desired ends may be answered, though fur any country, as in the case of England, to attempt settlements in foreign countries, when such vast colonies are open to it, seems unwise as well as unnecessary. The arrangement of the British Queen duties affair is stated in the accounts received to-day from Antwerp to be not quite so positive as the letter of the Consul would lead parties to infer, and it is thought not to be clearly defined whether merely the port dues, or both these and the Customs charges are henceforth to be remitted on all Belgian vessels entering the ports of the United States. The Antwerp papers justly contend that everything in this respect must be placed upon its former footing, before complete satis faction can be said to have been obtained. It may be expedient to notice a statement that has been circulated on the Continent, emanating, we be lieve, in the first instance from Paris, but for which we think there is really not the least foun dation, viz., that the English have taken pos session of Fernando Po, which place they en deavoured, it is asserted, to secure last year, in lieu of a - claim upon the Spanish Government, and that the latter have found it necessary to fit out a ship of war to resist our aggressions. As is re marked, however, one ship of war would be a poor defence if any real danger existed, and the best safe guard to Spain would be in the co-operation of the other European. Powers. There is, we hear, rather an improved demand to day for money in the City for commercial operations. The funds remain very firm, notwithstanding a sale of Consols has been made to the amount of about 50,0001. The price for the Account, which touched 94f early in the morning, was only depressed 4 per cent. by this 'large amount of stock being thrown upon the Market. The brokers for the w Commissioners of Savings' Banks took rather under 5,0001. Consols, which infused rather more spirit into the market. Consols for Money are now quoted at 941 ; the Three per Cent. Reduced Annui ties have advanced to 94) .. 5, ; the New Three-and-a- Half per Cents. to 1014. The premium upon Ex chequer Bills is again up to Gls. Bank Stock has receded a trifle, having been sold at 172, but it is now worth 1724. India Stock has risen from 259 to 2594. There is scarcely any movement to notice in the Foreign Stocks to-day. Spanish Consols are heavy, at 17* for the Account, the settling-day for which is fixed for the 15th inst. ; and the New Three per Cents. have just realised 21k. The Converted 'Portuguese Bonds have been quoted at 324, Dutch Fives at 1004, the Two-and-a-Half per Cents. at 524 4 7 Belgian at 1024, Mexican at 33, and Buenos Ayres at 214. For the Railway Shares the demand is flat this morning. The Birmingham and Gloucester are worth 59 discount; the Eastern Counties, 144, discount; the and Glasgow, 3 discount; the Great Western New, I 1 premium ; the London and Brighton, 15 discount; the Midland Counties, 34 discount; the Northern and Eastern Scrip, 1:I prem.; Paris and Rouen, 27,, premium ; and the South- Eastern and Dover, 274 discount. The value of Joint- Stock Bank Shares remains the same as yesterday, not a single bargain in them having been reported to-day. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE. a A ILIVAYS. Paid. Per Share. 1 Birmingham and Gloucester 100 ..... 41 Eastern Counties Ditto Debentures .B/. Oi. Bd. Edinburgh. and Glasgow Great Western Ditto New London ant'. lirightort ...........10 Ditto Loan Notes London and Madman Midland Counties Northern and Eastern Ditto Scrip - ..... . Paris and Rouen ... .... . ...... 20 South Eastern and Dover Ditto Scrip MANCiIESTER STOCK EXCIIANGE, Nov. 10.— There has been rather . more business doing to-day, .yrithout much alteration:in prices. Our transactions are--Eastern Counties, New, 101. 3s. ; Ditto, Deben tures, 10-k ; London and Birmingham, 181 - ; Shef field and Manchester, .30 ; Manchester and Leeds, Quarters,-4k; North Midland, Thirds, 204; Man chester Assurance, 91. is. 6d. CLOSING PRICES. - ' _BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red. 93i Ditto Bonds 3 per Cent. C0n5......... 94A Ditto Old Annuities 3i per Cent. Ditto New nnnities — New 3i per Cent... ...... 104 Ex. Bills, 1,000/....24 6l pm Now 5 per Cen', — Ditto 5001...... 59 pm Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small ...... 59 pm Jan. 1860 .. l2 5-16 Bank Stock for Acct. 1721 Oct. 1859 Jan. Is6o FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per cent. ... 1111 Portuguese, 5 per cent. Belgian, 5 per cent lo2tr Ditto, New Ditto Brazilian Bonds... 64 Prussian, 5 per cent. Buenos Ayres6 per cent. 21i Russian, 5 pei cent — Chilian, 6 per cent. Ditto, Metallic ...... . Colombian, 6 per cent... Spanish, 5 per cent. Ditto, 1824 Ditto, Deferred.... . Cuba Bonds, 6 per cent 79 French, 5 per cent —f. —e. Danish, 3 per :ent Exchange —c. Greek, 1825, 5 per cent. French, 3 percent —c. Mexican, 5 per cent...,, 324 Dutch, 21 per cent 5211 Ditto, 6 per cent. 1837 Ditto, 5 per cent. . 100 a Peruvian,lB2s,6 per et. 17 _ _ SHARES. Birmingham and Gloucester Railway (100 p) 41 Ditto New Shares (17i paid) Bristol :end Exeter (70 paid) ~. ...... ... .. 45 Eastern Counties (23 pail) ' Ditto Debentures ( paid) lok Edinburgh and Glasgow (50 paid) ...... ... 47 GreatOrestern, (65 paid) Ditto New Shares (50 paid) London and Brighton (50 paid) 35 Ditto Loan Notes (10 paid) .. .. 10A London and Black wall ( paid) .......... 5;, Midland Counties Railway (100 paid) Northern and Eastern (45 paid) Ditto Scrip ( 5 paid) 64' Paris and Rouen (20 paid) .• 224 South Eastern and Dover (50 paid)... Ditto Scrip (20 paid) LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY.) LONDON, Nov. 11.—Wind this day at noon, S.W., light airs and cloudy. DEAL, Nov. 10.—Wind, S.W., fresh. Put back all the outward bound. Arrd. Dorothy, Rio Janeiro. WORKINGTON, Nov. 9.—lt blew very strong last night until four this afternoon, veering S.S.W. to W., but is now moderate. The Mary W ilson and Per severance, Pearce, in entering the harbour got ashore behind the Garthe, and it is expected they will remain till next spring tide, hut will not receive much damage. OFF LOWSTOFFE, Nov. 10.—Nelly, Hogg, very leaky, and has taken extra hands. YARMOUTH ROADS, Nov. 10.—Arrd. Nautilus, of Scarborough, with loss of anchors, having been in contact with the John Lees, of Newcastle. PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 10.—Wind, S.W. strong and squally.—Arrd. Ann Eliza, Cook, St. Domingo, in fiftY-nine clays, and sailed for Cowes; Thomas Naylor, Casey, Havannah for Rotterdam ; Graziade, Long lich, Trieste, sailed Ist ult. Arrd. off, Manchester, Ilamburgh for Newfoundland. TORBAY, Nov. 9.--Arrd. Chatham, London for Sydney ; Eagle, Dare, Quebec. FALMOUTH, Nov. 10.—Wind S.S.W., strong gales.—Arrd. Artemis, Golding, Moulmein, sailed May 31, and from St. Helena, Aug. 31, lost head, cutwater, &c.; Ellida, inel, Monte Video, for Ant erp, sailed Aug. 16 ; Prowler, Stork, Labrador, sailed 14th ult.; Dee steamer, Plymonth for West Indies. _ DOVER, Nov. 10.—Arrd. Elise, Louise, for Bahia. SCILLY, Nov. 1 TO B.—Arrd. Prince, Lumsden, and St. Nicholas, Morgan, Quebec ; Zorilda, Brian, St. Domingo; Chase, Smyrna, for . Plymouth, with loss of sails, &c. ; Elvira, Saker, Patras ; Lydia, Bruton, Bombay. LONDONDERRY, NOV. 7.—Arrcl, Londonderry, St. Jan's, New Brunswick. SWANSEA, Nov. 9.—Arrd. Sir J. L. Goldsmid, and Circassian, Wilson, Cuba. LIVERPOOL, Nov. 10.—Wind.S.S.E.; moderate.—. Arrd. Nestor, Calcutta—sailed from Ascension Sep. 7. Ski. Lintin, Bombay ; Charlotte and Kathleen, Africa. Arrd. off, Clyde, and 'Ward, Chipman, Bom bay ; Eliza Kellick, St. Domingo; Scotland, New York. The Margaret Marshall, hence to London derry, was abandoned in the Channel lately, crew saved. AsSAM TEA.=The imports ofthisarticle recently from Upper Assam show a considerable improvement in the manufacture of the leaf. The cultivatio n of the Tea plant by the , Assam Company is proceeding. most vigorously. Those of our rea d ers w h o w i s h t o h a ve a pure sample of tea grown within our East India possessions cannot do better than read an adver tisement of Messrs. Green and Co. in another column, where the real article can be had. 3 , 4 0 n gy,, er r ; itLii SUN OFFICE Three e'Cloch. The two Houses of Parliament met yesterday, and the ceremony of proroguing them till the 13th of December took place. It is now certain, therefore, according to a Morning Contempo rary, that the Parliament will not meet for the dispatch of business before Christmas, and pro bable that it will meet towards the end of Janu ary. We cannot say that we much regret the postponement of legislation till the coursing season is nearly at an . end. The Parliament has done too little good for the public to make us extremely anxious that it should again meet. The nation seems to get on quite as well when it is not of when it is assembled. We know its works, and feel them chiefly in additional taxa tion. Its yearly grants, the extravagance it authorises, come home to us in the shape of large demands on our pockets and our pa tience. If it were now to be summoned, it might be to beat us with some other scourge, similar to the Income-tax. Sir ROBTART PEEL is much more anxious to uphold public credit than give relief to the people; and if he call the Parlia ment together earlier than usual, it may be to bolster up the Funds by taking more money from industry. Parliament has long ceased, both in its unreformed and in its reformed state, to be a protection for the people against the Executive it is the mere instrument with which the Execu tive works against the people, and seldom comes together without strengthening the hands of power, and placing additional shackles and addi tional burdens on its constituents, and on those who ought to be its constituents. Its principal use is as a large and powerful instrument of Government. If it were summoned, it would be for the purpose of in creasing Sir ROBERT PEEL'S strength. But he assured us at the LORD MAYOR'S dinner that all the authorities of the metropolis arc animated by the best spirit, and were ready, when some little alarm was excited, to support the Govern ment with the utmost zeal. We know that the Justices in the various counties are actively engaged in organising a new military force, under the name of a police. Many of them are Members of Parliament, and it would take them from their useful labours to summon them to London. Everything which the Executive requires of the Parliament, or which the Parliament can do for it, is already done. New and large taxes have been voted. The system of coercion is everywhere perfect, or in a state of progress towards perfection. The supremacy of the laws, even without the aid of any new soldiery, hasbeen successfully vindicated. Every where and on all points the Executive Govern ment is completely master of the resources and the powers of the State. Its authority is unde nied. Parliament could not make it stronger. Wherefore, then, should it now be summoned? That pauperism is increasing ; that cog merce does not revive ; that the agriculturists are becoming discontented; that incendiarism has again begun to alarm the dwellers in rural districts ; that the rate of mortality is rapidly increasing. ; that men grumble at the Income tax, and wonder how they shall pay it ; that discontent is leading to many wild and visionary projects; that strange theories are getting fast hold of men's minds, so that even the courtly Post takes the side of labour against capital, and apologises for being a demagogue,—all these things are nothing to the Parliament, or rather they are the neces sary, if not the designed and willed consequences of its acts ; and the probability therefore is, that assemble wlten it may, the condition of Eng land will only be made worse by its means. The parishioners of Marylebone intend meet ing at the Court-house, on Saturday next—as we see by a printed circular—for the purpose of of monumental considering the propriety of adopting the Report o the=einnditgoour the Scotch Reformers erection of a f 1794. We are glad of this, for never were men more Woithv of posthumous honour than those who, in a stormy political period, when the lynx eyes of a despotic Government were fixed keenly and distrustfully on every indivi dual who dared to doubt the sagacity and patriotism of a selfish, corrupt oligarchy, which called itself a Parliament—testified by the ready sacrifice of all that makes life desirable, their devotion to the cause of Reform. Few non can remember the fierce political excitement that prevailed towards the close of the last cen tury, when the French Revolution was shaking the fabric of Absolutism throughout Europe to its fbundations. Men's minds were then in a state little short of frenzy. The Few trembled for the loss of privileges which they ought never to have possessed ; the Many 'were filled with the wildest joy at the, idea of regain ing rights of which they ought never to have been deprived. The consequence was, that the two parties were drawn up in direct battle array against each other, and the cry of both was "No surrender." On the side of the Governmeut were ranged all who fattened, and all who hoped to fatten, on the public plunder—pensioners, place men, sinecurists—a prodigious host, and, unscru pulous in their mode of warfare ; the Church, too, and the Law, the Army, and the Navy--each and all of these contributed their quota to the Ministerial party, which derived, besides, no inconsiderable aid from the spy system, then in _ _ the full vigour of its rank luxuriance. To oppose this formidable phalanx, the .people bad, what? A deep, stern 'conviction of the justice of their cause—a powerful auxiliary certainly , b ut which, alas! in the present instance, availed but little against the terrible assaults of the Government. But though the two opposing parties were thus unequally matched, and the chances were at least a hundred to one against the success of the People, the brave Scotch Re formers hesitated not an instant as to which of the two they Should join. Unhesitatingly they threw in their lot with that of the weaker party ; led—if we may so express ourselves—the for lorn hope - of Freedom against Tyranny ; and abandoned the struggle only with their lives. For this heroic net of self-devotion, be 'their names ever held in grateful remembrance by all Reformers! To forget them, is to ,forget Justice—to be indifferent to Truth— to give up the claims of Honour, and the dearest interests of Humanity. Sure are we, that the Reformers of IVlarylebone will never lay themselves open to such a reproach a 5 this ; but bear in mind that by paying due respect to the memory of the patriotic dead, they will be encouraging others—should the Bad necessity ever arise—to follow in their footsteps. In the beautiful and interesting- edicts issued from time to time by the Emperor of CHINA, the dread which he entertains of the " traitorous natives" forms generally an important feature. He describes them 'as " traitorous banditti," " abandoned traitors," and, in the last proclama mation, states that m a ny " traiterous natives" had been caught. This can excite no surprise. The greater portion of the Chinese are kept down merely by the terror of punishment. They are treated as an enslaved race; they are not allowed the use of swords or fire-arms, and thereby prevented from rising against their Tartar conquerors. The EMPEROR, there fore has great reason to dread the approach of the English, who may not only teach the subdued race the art of war, but furnish them with means to recover their independence and restore the ancient dy na sty. The British Go vernment probably h as n o such intention as yet, but should the wa r be prolonged, and our just . demands resisted, it may be necessary to adopt another system. If we cannot ob tain redress by compensation for the unjust 3'4 VI ft if OF NEWS AND '4,ltOtte Ovtition, Who Ens may read.' The King•of theTroch visited Paris on Tuesday, to presides ats ii'CalbipeCouncil. His Majesty , after visitingthd,Standialt Museum in the Louvre,e - eturn ed in the eveningto' St. Cloud. The ParisMoniteurcontains the official returns of the sinking fund during the third quarter of 1 842, from which it appears that the quantity of Rentes,. 4 per Cent., redeemed during that interval amounted to 111,268 f., and that of the 3 per Cents. to 670,234 f., making together 6,481,503 f. The disturbances at Drucourt, near Bernay, were at an end, and the troops dispatched to that village to restore order had been recalled. 40 individual s had been arrested, and 15 more or less dangerously' wounded. This is the usual result of these outbreaks among the operatives. The amount of the contract for the first section of the railroad from Paris to Belgium is 1,122,000fe , •-• • of which about 400,000 f. are for the cutting's and . • embankments ; the rest is for works of art. Pascal Fabre, who was condemned to death for parricide at the Court of Assizes of Herault, was exe; cuted at Montpellier on the 3d inst. He was informed of the fatal news at ten in the morning. " I knew that I should die," said he, " and my only fear is that God will not have pity on Me." After the fatal toi lette, the cortege was put in, motion, Fabre sitting calm and resigned, with his face covered with a black • veil, near the Abbe Cellier. At the foot of . the scaffold the prisoner heard the sentence read without` emotion, and, after having embraced' the confessor, he, was fixed on the guillotine. A single exclamation 01 " Oh, God, have mercy on me," was heard from h,3 ' lips, and the knife fell. An immense crowd was as - • sembled. The Havre Journal slates, that the works for the salvage of the Telemaque were progressing rapid l y' It was expected that the vessel, which was then lifted • to within a foot of the surface' of the water, would be definitively raised on Thursday.„ • • The Cologne Gazette announces that the German Customs' Union intended to resort to reprisals agains t '.• the trade of the United . States. „. The Augsburg Gazette, of the sth inst., statesethat " the object of the Prince de Joinville's voyage ~.t° • the Brazils is to form a matrimonial_ connexion the sister of the Emperor." • We learn from Stuttgard, Nov. 1 , that the Co,n' mittee of the Chamber of Deputies on the Railroad. , • question has decided on recommending' that several.' • '• lines from the capital shall be constructed at the pense of the State. One is to be in the western di' s rection towards the frontiers of Baden, and to. be e: ( 7, tended as far as Heilbronn ; a second, to the east an' south, will pass by Ulm, and have its terminus at' Friedrichshafen, on the bank of the Lake 'of C on ' stance ; a third, from Plochingen, will pass by.Ree t lingen, and will be extended to the countries of th e Upper Necker. A mechanician of a little town in Bohemia has con' strutted an automaton which imitates perfectlY t he human voice, particularly the soprano notes. It sings several difficult airs •with the. greatest accuracy' Shakes, runs, and chromatic scales, are all executed with surprising precision. This automaton, in shig" ing, even pronounces certain words, so as to be easily understood. The inventor hopes to arrive at s uch 3 point of perfection as to bring his. machine to Pro nounce all the words of the best operas. ' A letter from St. Petersburgh, 28th ult., states that the Emperor, immediately on his arrival, published. an ukase declaring that all incendiaries accused of have ing set fire to any property, are to be brought beta"' a council of war, inst essi of being tried by the ordhla r Y • tribunals. PUBLIC OPINION. The- Times has the following comments on a letter which appeared in the Morning Chronicle :--"Th er are some signatures of which people are wont to s P e3 ir e .- as nonz,s de guerre; but there are, others whiCh, in spirit, though not perhaps in law, amount to forger' es ; • Of this latter class is the signature appended to a l ette ' on the late appointments in Bankruptcy and Lunacy; which was published in.an ,Opposition paper of We' : nesday, with the subscription, A Retired JU d g' Any reader, seeing those words at the" of a about legal appointments, and not himself possessing" the little, the very little, acquaintance with the VT: fes:. , ,ion which would suffice to satisfy him that t"" letterwriter is wholly, utterly, and ridiculously' ig ue ; rant of the matter he writes about, -would suPP ° a that the Retired Judge' must be some eminent life, venerable person, who raving, in his, prime of inf' • administered justice in some of the Courts of ;IVO'', .. miii•ster-hall, had now retreated to the repose °I privacy,• and was proving his . gratitude ,to his ilhe r , e country by endeavouring to protect her. judglit r e ,`; seats from the approaches of the unworthy. reader, defrauded into this conjecture, would h e able to find but one individual answerin descrir g e letter tion assumed ; for the Lords Brougham,: Csaften lat and Campbell, though they are not now in possessi°°; office, most certainly do not regard themsels' s having retired from it. There remains, therefore, we believe, only one person whom the signature Nv °u , pr fit;' and it is hardly possible to conceive a gr °3 „;„ libel ,on that truly learned and estimable Man , t "' ; , to have written him into the false position of he' e e i "; supposed for a single moment to be the author of tli of remarkably gross and dull invective against some of the most respectable gentlemen in the piofess;° - to the - law. If a scribbler has au impulse upOn bin" „ put - forth some left-handed, thickheaded, lucubration, and wants a name to tack to , li . t sense, let him suit himself from the coearaynso"re/ o i a , - with some such appropriate designatioa 4,,,5e v. leis or Crassus, or Spume; but let him notsvoueli venom with a signature which can be asieritied but a t . one man, and that a man of knowledge, derS ta ing, and manners." • We quote the following, remarks from tie Po st " n , " Commerce is a prodigious creator of wedth: e " n 4 4,;•. merce has been a mighty' engine to' make B 5 halo " it richest of nations. What we Mc to COUIIM IICC were idle to descant on.. All that its warmest shipperS claim for it we readily admit, and say, 11 ; 3 without its aid England would not be at this dnYt.l,o foremost of first-rate Powers—without its aid th e L is would not exist in this country the heapedeuP of limitless affluence, -at which foreigners. gaz e . mute amazement. And yet in this fair land.,..teeeni. with the golden fruits of commercial enterprise, bi~ with its men, by tens of thousands, who have gain; fortunes fortunes in traffic, we hear of the despair'ltnd d est ' r i tion of millions—of the millions buffor whoz.seind us jbe the fortunes would not have been gained,W l ; e ` t s. commercial enterprise enabled to work to its 0 1 1 - ig Whence is this ? It is not that the•''Stat e poorer—not that our wealth has left us:•', We ; ~i c e richer now—there is more of the luxury of opu i `4 , amongst us, than at any previous epoch of ,cur tory. But millions of the people are physicallY d ; 5 - • tressed, morally depraved—are unfitted and in nd posed for the duties of Christians, of good su bjects . a ' c i s • citizens. In a Christian land the people 'in' my t he are unchristianised. In a land once .fanhd for, • fl ts . loyalty and contentedness of its Tinginhabitants s iber l of destitution and the 'clamours of disaffeeflon : to • , ceaselessly in the cars of the great. We can P °j9 a ete' a cause of this. It is. the mistake made by us ing as if men's passions—their avarice, their s e ' se bt ness, their ambition, and vanity—may be left• t° ris themselves—to cure, of their OWII accord, ''anYr t i•ie chief they may have inflicted on the members °` s ere' community againstwhose material aomforts,th e Y . brought to bear." -of The Herald, speaking of the present high p r ' c e ` a a- • bread observes :-"'Legislative interferenee:,t o r 7,01 late retail prices is a most hazardouS experime nt ' oe s though there might have been most 'powerful reaso, against the abolition of the Assize of Bread, t hels ?,,Rti-• .1 0 ' guments will, we fear, be found inapplicable asi-ttio tying the re-imposition of that mode of reaulating, 'her cost of the quartern loaf. The attention of the a i• and well-doing to their bakera' bills would ha s oor powerful influence on the price.charged to the nil man ; if the head of everY respectable fa-11' would refuse to pay Bd. or 9d. a loaf WT111°11)10 is a remunerating price, his poorer and •- w c i to neighbour would be very much oblig e b ' io it him. For so: long as the wealthy will oblige to high prices, the poor must, and whenever a f am ily consents to use adulterated or badly-made br ead, to it causes scores of its inferiors in point of s tation consume a baked compost wholly devoid of nut! . i b li ts if not positively unwholesome: 'Although then d,o i n ish _ may be entertained as to the Wisdom of re-esta;_,...., ing an Assize of Bread, it• is..we suggest raosti_thisPio able that every authentic means be afforded average' the rich and the poor of contrasting the 'ee prices of bread and flour with the average accomplished of wheat e and this could be' very easily accoropleis,"_e. b extending the machinerY now used for collecting comparative statistics i o o s f grain weekly T o h r e P in u o b n li t c h l t ti r °l-l in of e s v u e i c ri thetow iniowtiliceeroefthitesre yri e n x g s n s ' iyef there e " wealthier market ioiiabio w o charge for bread or flour—and the knowledgce, would 'goon reduce the excess to moderate pr 'uts cce Tliq:Chronicle says :—" Sir Robert Peel bss I ; 4 _ ples. of Free-trade. The object of our poll" ° ts uid an b e the more publicly proclaimed his adhesion to thc:.1 ) . 7%0 saicVat• the Guildhall banquet, is to encourarngrcial demand for, labour, and to exten d the tomwre prosperity of the country.' Significant xvor d „ are :11 . 7 (1 ,%• trust, that in the Prime Minister's mouth tn e full of meaning. We hope that the y arc the to the finger, pointing not so much t o the past ession, future—not so much to the results of the last • that w;t 02 to .°, as to what is projected or projecti n g for the ",hat is is coming. For assuredly to rest satisfied he has done, is but to cross the Rubicon, ana 1 :ernainha !tnputati; if a hom e li e 'nay . 1 proverb i A Am tis so , l ttr eet Vi be th oil g 1 441)14 th ThE e 11 4 arli 4:'011„; ir o nl h( korse (31 1 t. cif -11',1 Proje en Jol )(..st e , 1 4 e t rty r ay we re w ere 401'n