The Sun. — London, England, 1820-11-01 00:00:00

, -•,•-•_-:- •• •• - _ , :i4grr, . . .... • , _\.• . w . 1. , .••• oak (; ,;:?: ti ,', ;" k , . . , • .. i • • . , - . . . - V -- ._ i • '1 . ' !.-. .. , -. . . :_. - , ,zr..4 ) \, ~-,` . - - -,-,......,.. a •-' P- 1 ,k.k.__• r ' tom &t . . 0,7 1 9 1110.,1 1 4 7 .I . W 4, . e. , ..: rt • ',' , - :i.- ; : V 4l . - 4 ...• ''jiCk . ^‘ . k: . . - : ..*' - ; ' 1 t '''U - ' . . '''''' .. - -f. --' -, ' • .'A.9 5 ..._' ,, k .. , . ~. , . , •-*---. 4 4) :-; g ' -.. ) - :0 , / - ~,7 7 "•\,.. 7 / ....‘ 1 , , - .- ::::.1--e-..._ et f -z-, * 46 ' l -,- frArtaV . . / .. . . . , ' 3' J $ .:. IVEDNESDAY,NOVEIWBE4 1, 1820. N.L'ArIIRR 8793.] EP.aICE SEVENPriNCE. RECOLLECTIONS AND REFLECTIONS, PERSONAL AND POLITICAL, • As connected with Public Affairs during the Reign of King GeomuE the Third, by JOHN Nictiolis, Esq. M. P in tti'e • 15th, Itith„,and 18th Parliaments of Greht Britain. (Need to - protc&'tbe Camnions from being taxed beyonetsshat, 'they could bear.: But what becomes of this protection, if thee Peers are allotted to name the Members of the House of Com mons? Imthoder'ate taxation is the real cause of our preset dibtress; and men call for a its form of the House of Curti oiOns because they fell that the power of taxing has beta abused. Kings first summoned to Parliament Representatives from bodies of the Commonalty, that they might be protected against their great vassals. The great vassals saw this, anit. endeavoured to deprive the King of.this defence, by compell ing these aggregate bodies of the - Commonalty to depute to Parliament those men whom the several Peers might select: OFFICE URDN,INCE, July 31, 1820. -- e -- 1 114 ; PUBLIC tire' hereby inforriied. that T hlrt7-siren PLATES of the ORDNANCE surlvEa— ,f t{L AT lIIU'I'AIN, carried on under the SuPerintendence fi the l ate Major-General WILLIAM MUDGE, LL.D.T : it• are now complete, and that IMPRESSION front tn are ortSale at the ORDNANC.E MAP OFFICE, in the 'liftof t.oNnoN, and also,. at WILLIAM FADEN:S, Ge "graPber to his Majesty, and Agent to the Board of Ord riet ~ 'St 4 ALARING-CROSS. 4 I'LdTES -contain the Counties of Kent, Essex, XF Hanti, D o rs e t, D e von, and Cornwall,.and propor ,V'4ltat* uf set, Surrey, Pembroke, Cardigan, Carmarthen , 41°Tgan, Wilts,Berks, Middlesex, satrui, Hertford, and relo•id g , , P art ~,"-• • Containing nearly the whole of Pembrokeshire,: i ll ! Porti ons of the mljacent.Country, was publishes! on the lQf A ugust, 1819,• a n d as the Work is still in progress, ac 'ding to ,the original Design-of giving a complete Map of P u l eat upon a Scale of one inch to the tu dction of the future parts will_ follow as fast as tne mi re ° I such a Work will admit, without increasing the an txPensc Istietneti wishing to procure a Map of the Country sur- Z l "iag their own habitations, may, by application to Ma. at the Ordnance Map Cake (where an Index t P wi n be sh ewn ) se l e ct any sheets they please, fur that Pur pose. 411 Letter s on this tinkle - et, addryssed to Mr. Baker, under sio;t". t 4 the Sr' cretai y of the Board of Ordnance, Pull Mall, b t anuediately attended to. By Order of the Board, It. H. CREW, Sec. SOMERSET PLACE, Nov. 1, 1820. TV ()TICE tiereby given That. the Weekly .1-11 Meeting of The SOCIETY of ANTIQUARIANS of LoNI) . ON will he ratuned on THURSDAY LVENIN(3, the 9th lust. at the usual Hour. NICHOLAS CARLISLE, Secretary. SUBSCRIPTION TO AFFORD• TEMPORARY - 'RELIEF to the DESTITUTE, 4.tad ,NIGIITLY SHELTER to the .OHOLISELESS. AGENERAL MEETING of the -gUB scRIBErts the above FUND will take place in the EGYPTIAN HAUL, at the Mansion House, on MONDAY NEXT,•November Eth, at One u'Clocli, when a Report of the Proceedings .of the Committee during the last Winter will be presented. The Right Hon. the LORD MAYOR, M.P. President of the Committee, will take the Chair at Two o'Clock precisely. (Signed) W. H. BODKIN, Hon. See. Committee Room, 27, Poultry, Octobet 30, 1820. ill tV e Ofi" We shall avail ourselves of every oppertunity which presents itself, to offer to our Readers ex tracts from this curious and interesting Work. — Mr. NICHOLLS says, these Recollections and Re flections were written during his late residence in France, and that he is aware ",that there are " expressions which may be unacceptable to the . cc partisans both of Mr. Pi' and of Mr.. Fox, " but that he has spoken with the integrity of .c au Historian." This Gentleman was, we believe, educated lei. the Bar, but never practised. His father was Physician to King GEORGE the Second, and his mother was the daughter of the. celebrated Doctor MEAD.-Mr. NicuoLLs has always been consi dered as a sound, constitutional Lawyer; and al though he in general supported Mr. Fox and his Party, yet on several important questions he voted against them. In privates life Mr. Nl cuoms has been universally esteemed. He was particularly intimate with that excellent Man and learned Judge, the late Mr. Justice LiwnEricE, and although their political opinions were sup posed to be opposite, yet it never affected or dis turbed -their friendship. • Mr. NICHOLLS may be strictly considered as one of the few honest old fashioned Whigs now living, for, whilst advocat ing a rational :Referm, or rather a correction of abuses in the practice of Elections, he •is the steady friend of the Monarchy and of the People, and desirous only of destroying the unconstitu tional influence exercised by - the OLD Families in Close Boroughs. Mr. NICHOLLS states that he presumed to point out to " The Society of the Friends of the People," the state of the- Close Boroughs, and that an Address was voted to the House of Commons on the subject ; -" but it was " seen that the correction of this abuse would be is S e ' leatr e l , )ear 2 I 41 50 ITALLAN FLOWER ROOTS. qpHE usual ASSORTMENT of. DOUBLE RONIAN, and' other NARCISSUS ROOTS, from Italy, has just been received by BART() VALLE, at his Old Ita lian Warehouse, 2t, lfayinar4et. JAMAICA. it.LADY going to Kingston may hear of a YOUNG WOMAN, a Native of that Island, who is desirous of being an ATTENDANT on a.Lady for the out ward t'ovAge.—Apply, or address by letter (post paid),to A. 8., No. 6, Bow-street, covent-garden.—She is a skilful Milliner and Dress-maker. TAKEN up by the Fishing Smack Prince Re gent, October ei; 1820, n lot of Sails, 4 Compasses, a TclesLope, and se-veral Charts, from on board the Brig Mary, George Rukly, Master, and Brig Fledow, Master unknown, lost 011 the Guntieet Sand:—The Owners may have the above Articles, paying the usual Salvage, by applying to Mr. Wm. Crook, Smack Owner, Barking, Essex. mENT OF PRIZES—FIFTH LOTTERY, 1819. LOTTERY-OFFICE, SOMERSET-PLACE, • ' Oct. 28, 1820. IrlfE COMMISSIONERS appointed for MA 7 T l 4, NAGING the LOTTERIES des hereby give Notice, umbers of TICKETS and SHARES thereof in all re eed , " 1 !4 Lotteries may be examined at this Office - every day ee 4 the hours of 'Ten and Three, with their Registers e n efils and Blanks. kt E „kul the COMMISSIONERS appointed to take in the - ; , R TICK E T'S of the FIFTH LoTTERY for 181 , ..t, iJu i ""P-.1 1 give Notice, That they will attend at their „ se ' 1, 1 S ome rset-Place on FRIDAY, the 17th day of No u.Zet?' next, from Eleven o'Clock the Forenoon to One 'x ik en the Afternoon, to take in and enter the BENEFIT , 4 , ' k ETS of the sa id Lottery, to be exchanged foi• Certs , t " , Pursuant to the Act of Parliament in that behalf. tp - z nd for better dispatch thereof, the said COMMISSION• ki " will tak e in and enter the BENEFIT TICKETS of : 14 a$ at on e seat, and the Benefit Tickets of Class B, at tl th er seat ; and tl'e persons possessed thereof are directed 4 .4:61 C With their Tickets separate Lists thereof, marked w 4" 13 $ forthed in numerical order, and adapted to each of s 'lld seats ; and at the buttons of each of the said Lists t 4- Write the name and proper additions of the person entitled t ht valise of the said Tickets. That the sa id'COMMISSIONERS also give further notice, It C ertificates for the value of the said Tickets will be de :t out on SATURDAY, the 25th day of NoVember next, i tt "' Q n, after whi c h . the said COMMISSIONERS Will take 'old enter Tickets in their usual Monthly entry;-and all. 1 4 e ti rs 'lls are d e Si re d t o o b serve th e y must bring duplicates their Lists when they come for their Certificates. atte rr i ht COMMISSIONERS also give further notice, That ts brou g h t to this ()dice for Payment, the Checks of which t tu rn or d estroye d, w ill po t b e en te re d for payment, with tutti,st 1/ ° ll d being given to indemnify the said COMMISSION. ?ranting Certificates for the same. • TO PRINTERS. VINCENT FIGGINS,, LETTER-FOUN DER, respectfully informs his Friends and the Trade in general, that he has REDUCED his PRICES for the Larger sized Types to as follows : Six-line Pica, and all larger Five-lines, Four-lines, Cannon, Two-lines Great Printer, and Two-line English.... Is. 9d. -Double Pica and• Great Primer • ' Cs. Od. V. F. has printed anew Edition of his Specimen, MO, with considerable additions. Thuse Printers who are nut in pos session of it Will oblige bins by sending for a Copy. • Orders fur Exportation executed with the utmost care, both as to manufacture and assortment; and V. Figgins as sures those Merchants who favour bins with their commands, that he will continue anxiously to endeavour to maintain the good credit. of English Types in the estimation of Foreignera. 17, West-street, West Smithfield, Nor. 1,. IS2O. injurious to the interests of the LEADERS of ' " the FACTION of the great Witta Families, and " all further attempts at Reform in Parliament " were abandoned!" After this candid admission of Mr. NicuoLts, who is so competent to speak of the true merits and intentions of the FOXITES, we must no longer be surprised at the rejection of Mr.AV tu.a.a.ms's Bill, in 1819, to destroy occasionally in Close Bo roughs, and that he was requested by one of the principal Leaders of the Opposition to withdraw it. The period, has. however, arrived when this important subject must undergo discussion ; the principle of Reform, or correction of Abuses in the practice of Parliament is conceded by the C overnmene by one of the provisions in th, Se ditous Bill of last year, and by the declaration of the King's Minister, if we, arch correctly informed, in the debate on that Bill, when he said , that 1 he would concur in any measure which might be introduced into Parliament to put an end to the corrupt practice of " occasionalty" in voting at Elections. From Mr. Nicnor.Ls's work much useful infor mation may be obtained, though we by no means approve of ail his views of public men and mea sures—still the Work is deserving the serious at tention of the Public, as it will enable them to appreciate truly which of the TWO GREAT PAR TIES in the STATE are most likely to adopt mea sures conducive to the general happiness, wel fare, and liberty of the Country. REAL JAPAN BLACKING, MADE DT RICHARD TURNER, t t , t, LONDON-ROAD, T'T t , i ,i',:...',', , '' .i.- - -7,;. , , , , .. • i ~-,: y :f:.l ': • t• - 4, 1 '4 . '''', . t, _ A ~.. ~_.. , ,7,,-, ~..,-;,., ~d j • . v ' ' , 3,....„ - ~,, ./ 1, ' s )1' • -s4s - V.- • ill , ;• I; ! 4 ~, ' • e . wi' 15 '*' ' , ', 4,k' ' .- ';.' ff i , ;1 ~, . ;I. ~' I. ' —.-1 •-•''' - ' - FRIENDS will be kind to request their Servants and Carriers to ask for RICHARD TURNER'S BLACKING • FAME, let thy glad trumpet raise • • • Loudest notes to TURNER'S praise; Let the welcome theme resound, Till the echoing world 'rebound Who upon our boots or shoes Such bright ldstre cloth diffuse? Who a Blacking can prepare, That such loVely bloom (loth bear; Or such gloss and richness yield, As TuRNEn'S of St. George's Fields ? O'er the wide Atlantic deep., Where the surgeless billows sleep:: O'er the distant southern main ; On the Continental plain— • TURNER', worth and fame resound, For his Blacking sheds around On each polish'd boot a ray Of beauty nought can melt away. Oft I've seen the polisled gem Glitter in the diadem; Dow much brighter ace the rays TooN la: RN brilliant black ? Wrapt in wonder, when in view, ► The lustre ofthat jetty hue, Can I then forbear to raise To.TuuNga's worth my sung of praise ? Heroes, laurels, all will fade-- . Monarchs' glories sink in shade: • But when shall TuaNcit's fame be o'er ? Not till time shall he no more ! E'en while moulderi ng in the, tomb, Fame shall bid his memory bloom, . . And posterity shall wave Fadeless laurels o'er his grave. Users of this brilliant 'and easy shining Blacking are re , spectfully informed that the principalSbopkeepers in Dublin, Cork, (41asgow, Edinburgh, and all the Country Tiiwns in • North and South Wales and England, • sell this Blackin g its Stone Bottles at 6d., Is., and Hid. each. • N. B.—The Foreign Trade supplied. • Sold by all the principal Shopkeepers within the circulation of this paper. - • • • Ladies are particularly invited to recommend their Servants to use this highly esteemed Liquid Blacking, being sanctioueit by the first Families in the Kingdom. Gentlemen may observe, that this Composition, when .used for their Gig or Carriage Harness, will produce a brilliant, rich, black glossy lustre, and at the seine time acts as a Pre server of the Leather. . USE TURNER'S BLACKING. Sui te ;erci ce , Ito/ turtl e and a)°,. )roir i P Alf eel' tel l° .itre e sittie7is THE HULL of a BRIG , lately • launched, built of the best tnaterials; dint en, sions as under ; copper-fastened, and of a good capacity, completed as regards Ship wright's and tioiostr's work, with lower masts, tops and caps, and windlass, capstern, gallows, c., , lry., 7 ci a nd.hatchts,companion, bulwark channels, figure head, stern, and mock galleries ; cabin. deck and foreessi le C .7. (1 " fore and aft bulk heads. Length aloft 77 feet i inch ; te g , l 74 fe e t 8f in. ;.bi•eadtli 23 feet 04 in.; . dvpth 15 feet; " r 1 71 59.94 tons. t • • `v. "Ving the same, anti further Particulars, apply to Mr. "---___ . LIELLyEIt, at Redbridge, near Southampton. CHAPTER VII. REFORM OF PARLIAMENT. I will now consider that most important question, the Re form of Parliament. A . decision on this question must ere lung take place. The general attention of the nation has bet n called.to it. The people must be subdued, or the sub ject must 'he fully examined, and some Reform consented to. -Let me first state the sense in which I use the words Reform ‘.\ AT. GREENOCK.-FOR ALA.- DRAS and'CALCUTTA, to sail in all No remher, the fine New SHIP WILBER , 417 -.7 FORCE, 5-00 tons - Regiater, copper- fastened u 4 tic n f and coppered, has very superior Accommo vialL,r Passengers,. having a spacious poop, containing baths ' &C. ` 1 , asg o :" l ltht or Passage apply to Messrs. Robertson iind Co. Crt rkt n " . ; Messrs. John Tennant and Co. Liverp ool ; 'on, t r Tl, Ma nc h es t e r ; or to the owner, Mr. John Robert ‘‘..ell Bro id-street . , London. N. B. A supercargo of c ik k e respectability goes out in the above ship, and will of any goods that may be entrusted to his care. PILCHARDS. TO be SOLD by PRIVATE CONTRACT, • 200 to 300 Hogsheads PILCH A-Rps, J ohn "f excellent quality.—Apply (if by letter, post paid) to to t l ' l , i'veris, Penzance, Come:lll.—The Fish will be ready 'l. course of next week. ;I::101ITEit, a tat TABLE BEER BREW ERY, and MALT oin Bu s i ' I QUO TRADES the present Proprietor •rettring ne . ss ß . TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION, ~ th , 1W WILLIAM SEAMAN. e ' TA R T?,VETtN, QUAY, YARMOUTH., on MON- A ItAY ' N„,, m b er u , a t One, in One Lot, that v uable old-established BREW -. t he situate on YARMOUTH DANES, with Pi t tl m) i r "ms, store roa, ' stables, bonding vaults , th r ee I vithl'''ialtings, gar d en, 1- and, and appurtenances, inclosed r e v ; k wails ; together with the dome copper and cove:r vat, under heck, liquor beck, hop , beck, Wu ` 14 111,4 yW9 working tuns, horse malt hill, stones, geer, asp I , l.t , i ng Pumps, sack tackle, and lan for coo rug the 4 .-ea s : 'l's(' the unexpire, term of about six years in tiro Mitt t r two good-accuitowed.Alehonses. The •purehaser to to 8 li other utensils, horses, &c. and the 'stock in trade, the otr ed amount, at a valuation. This urchaser to hale 4 1th%,,"" of taking, on terms, all, or a part, of the several '4.4• tt - t i se s attached to the Concern, and he will be allowed , 4 1i1 d• th ' e 'Rule .and to supply them with beer and spir its I "'Y "Puse d "f. A considerable part of the purchase mon e y , u , ,, l 4iir on mortgage for a term of years; or; if required, -te lt ,i ts l, includin g th a t o f the Alehouses, and also of the P t ii„ Stock, - on adequate lauded security. Cit ‘ns ,e'l Particul ars , C o ndi t i ons o f S a l e , and Inventories of 414, ut ' s 11 (1 Stock, and Tickets to . view, to be had on app • 4. 111 F Auctioneer at Yarmouth. Laii of re , of To' . pasiai" Ilri' ti° Tha ni° 00 0 1; (' le ar• Ciree „,,. p. itfil • Order COURSE OF EXCHANGE, OCT... 31. Amsterdam Ditto, at Sight ... • 12 4 • Rotterdam l2 8 Antwerp l2 g Elamborgh ...... Alto.na . • B7 ~9 2i Us. - Paris, 43 Day's sight ... 25 80 0 Cs. Ditto Bourdeaux, ditto Frank fort on the Main - ... 155 Ex. Money. Madrid Cadiz .. .... 36 Effectirs !Whoa 36 Effective Barcelona ieville • Gibraltar LeghOrn 4('i_ Genoa 431 ---Venice, ital. Liv. 27 60 Nlalta 45 ----Naples . 381 Palermo Lisbon . ' Oporto Itio.laneiro Dublin ' 6*. Cork ...... 61 per Cent. . , BULLION. . __ Portugal Gold, in Coin V.1.0 0 0 per Oz Foreign Gold, in 111 rs 3 17 101 Sew 1)ont) 14)oni New Dollars 0 4 10/ Siiver in Burs, Standard 0 4 111 and Revolution. I consider Reform to be a correction of abuses without de stroying the exising •Constitution. I consider Revolution to be a correction of abuses, accompanied with the 'destruction of the existing Constitution. in tngland, in. 1688, the nation removed the existing dynasty, and established a new uric. As the dynasty is con sidered as the must prominent part of the Constitution, this change has been denomineted a Revolution. Perhaps, ac cording to my definition, ,it might more properly have been called a Reform ; for the two other existing part's of the Con stitution, viz. the'llouse of Lords and the House of Com mons, were left unaltered. lii 1789, that Government which had existed in France during the reigns of Louis XIV. and Louis XV. was swept awa y. A new , Constitution was established ; and, when Louis XVI. accepted royalty under this new Constitution, the same dynasty, - but tinder a new title, seat placed on the Throne. 1 consider this proceeding in 1789 to hare been, in the fullest sense of.the word, a Re . volution. In 1800, the Irish Government was abolished, and the in habitants of Ireland subjected to a new . 'Constitution. This measure also I consider as a Revolution. I have always dreaded Revolution. The crisis consequent fin it, is sometimes beneficial ; I believe it will ultimately he found to be so in France ; but the paroxysms which precede the crisis, are terrifying. -As an Englishman I hare always wished for Reform ; l•eCause I have always been of opinion, that if Reforet did not take place, Revolution Would be a ne cessary consequence of the existing ..hoses. I will state what 1 consider as the abuse which stands /hest iii need of ba ng corrected. It is this -et hat individual Peers 'have, in many. places, usurped the nomination •of Members e f the said i n dividual ttrliament i trhfereuerCus\otil: th ose ❑ s m e h a a d: g . o a g r r i r e g e g t u t t:t a t t o t riginally ' a n s n t g r anted places; n :h t tli l a d t ( • ) i i •vidual Commoners have usurped the property in borenghs; but uis:o t tnol frequently ii the i' t ev power a nd lich t if ) t he ae); q - hits thereby acquired Soon occasions him to be elevated.to the Peerage. The mischief is - also greater where the usurpation is by a Peer.; for aftter lie -hits acquired this - unconstitutional power, he exercises functiens inconsistent with each other ; in impeachment, for example, the Commons are the accu sets, and the l'eers the Judges; but if the Nlchiliers of the House of Commons, who prefer the accusation; are nominated .hy the Peers, and there ie . any .truth in • that maxim of the common- law, Qui facit per (ilium,. fneit per se, those whO are the Judges are at the same time the Accuser's.' Will af'Y titan say that this ought to be ? By the principles of our Con stitution, the Contmons are to vote the taxes, and the Peers have only a right to prevent the proposed tax from being iitt posed, by refusing their consent. This regulation was haw- of the Peers seems to have been made at a very early period after Representatives of the Commons were beat summoned to Parliament ; for in the first Parliament of Ed ward I. be enacted provisions to resteein this conduct in the Peers. The expressions in the act are these; " Forasmuch as Elections ought to be free, the King forbids, on pain of severe forfeiture, that any great man or tither should, by force of arms, or by menaces, or by any subtle contrivance, disturb the freedom of Election." The Commons of England now stand in need of this peo tection against the Peers, which was heretofore wanted by our Kings. I know it will be said, that the Peer, who nomi nates Members of the House of Conn ions, and afterwards sells their votes to the Minister, pays his proportion of those taxes which are imposed. This may be true ; but the gain of his immediate object induces him to forget the inure die taut evil. I decline giving instances in the present reign, of the abu sive exercise of power thus:required; but I will name one in stance in the reign ot Gemge 11, , and it is so generally known, that I am confident no man will dispute the correct ness of the anecdote. The post a Captain of the Band of Pensiuuers was vacant ; the - King wished to give it to a gen tleman whom he desired to have about his person. The Minister, Mr. Pelham, proposed to give it to atwitter gentle man; but after some struggle, the Minister yielded, and the post was destined for the King's friend. At this moment, before the place was actually given away, Lord Falmouth sig nified to the Minister, that he wished to have this employ ment. Mr. Pelham rewoustrated with 'hint that the place was destined for a personal friend 'of the King ; the only answer which Lord Falmbuth made, was ; " Sir, we are nine." This was the - only answer which the Minister could obtain bum him ; and because Lord Falmouth named nine Members cif the House of Commons, the King and the nister were both obliged to submit. Lord Falnioath 'cer tainly paid his share of the taxes, which these nine Members assisted the Minister to impose. But this consideratieu was out-weighed by the immediate object which he obtained. The people of England have been gradually led to de mand a Reform in the House of Commons. I believe the late Earl of Chatham was among the first who suggested thu necessity. He saw that the number of Members nominated by Proprietors and Patrons of Boroughs was so large, that. the people were nut protected against immoderate taxation. Towards the close of the American war, the people were led to observe that they had been engaged in that war, isrot subjected to heavy taxes, toe the purpose oeeefoecing a claim of the House of Commons to tax their fellow. subjects in Ame rica. How far the House of Commons was entitled to thh right, was at least doubtful ; ftir the usage had always been for the Colonies to tax themselves in their own Pruvincial' Assemblies ; and on questions of Constitutional Rights, usage has always been appealed to. The people of England found themselves disappointed in that hope which bad been held out to them, that by procuring Revenue front America, taxation on the inhabitants of Great Britain Would be uished. They experienced the very reverse of this hope which had been to held out to them. They found their own bur-_ thens immoderately increased, and if the contest Were pet- severed in, they saw no bounds to taxes. While the Country was in this situation, several eminent men pointed out •to the people, that immoderate taxation was the consequence of the existing state of the House of Commons ; that a Retordi of that douse was necessary ; that the people ought to be more efficiently represereed in it. The Duke of Richmond was among, those who- stood fore most in recommending a Rea.. in of Parliament. The remedy which lie suggested, was Election by Universal Suffrage. It I UM correct in what I bare stated respecting the trimmer in which aggregate bodies of the Communalty acquired the 'right of sending Representatives to Parliament—the Duke of Richmond's plan would not have been a Reform, but a Revolution. I will acknowledge' that I have always heard with regret, the suggestion of this plan. It never could be a permanent Constitution. It might, possibly be an intermediate state, through which, atter touch suffering, we might ultimately pass to a good Constitution. I have said, that the nomination to - some seats in Parlia ment, has been usurped by Peers; I will explain what I- mean by this assertion. In Burgage-tenement Boroughs, the right of electing Representatives to Parliament has beet, granted to every owner of a freehold interest, in a tenement within the, Borough; and it has been decided, that the scite of an ancient Burgage entitles the owner to a vote. A Peer purchases a majority of the Burgages or ancient scites. The night before, the election, he sends down his dependants. The Noble Lord's steward then delivers . a Conveyance of a Burgage to each person; the next morning they are carried up to vote, and as WWI as the return is shade, - the several Voters give back their Conveyances to the steward, and they are heard of no turn. '1 he Members thus returned, have nut been elected by proprietors of a freehold in the.Burgages; for the Conveyances transferred no interest to the several persons to whom they were made. Suppose the Noble Lord had made these Conveyances to prevent these Burgage-tene ments from tieing taken in execution by his creditors; will any man say that these Conveyance's would . have been valid , • against the creditors ? Lbelieve there is no doubt•as to the answer which must he given. The Conveyances were .ficti tious and colourable; and as against the creditors they were void; for they conveyed uu property. But can they be void as against creditors, and valid as against the King ? for the King has a right - to have two Members returned to Parliament, elected by a majority of the owners of freehold interests in the several Burgages within the Borough. • But if the two members returned are not elected by owners of freehold interests, they will sit in Parliament only by the no mination of the noble Peer himself. I believe there are about sixty. Members of the House of to Commons, who thus sit in Parliament by the nomination of • proprietors •of Burgage-tenement Boroughs. A more consi derable number sit there by the nomination of Patroas of Boroughs. In these Boroughs the Right of Electiou is-vari ous. Sometimes in close Corporations; sometimes in Free men; sometimes in the payers of Scut and Lot ; sometimes in Pot-boilers, with other various qualificatiohs. The I:atron's merit with the • Nliffistet is, that he can supply him with . the I nomination to these seats. It will be asked, what mischief arises front all this ? The. answer is:obvious.. .The Mielister having thus obtained a cummand over a majority of the House of Commons, the people are deprived of that- protection againstailimbeilerate taxation, which the principles of our Constetutiou hauPsrcur ed to them. Should it he asked, did the 11Onse of Cilannone ever, in fact, protect the people against immoderate takerPf answer, Yes. From the accession of the Tudors, te, the eßifuj mencemeet ofthe great rebellion. in the reign of Charles -ft'' . the people were protected frtim immoderate taxation bv . then House of.Conottons. Take, for example, the reign of 1.--teirSl - ae VIII. in disposition the most tyrannical of ail our moaroctie., Thoug,halrey Tiehlestturevery other of his wishes, they would nut l if e i s a e n g t people'sc he toi . h money. ip ea f u n d s l - y ai 1 6 1 daitd they rg c e i ;e t ; l: t e t h for, by Feoffinents d him ; and in this he told then, the truth ; to-Cies, the profits which he llom estates held of ham its capitei, were,. withheld front him. It was - not - until the 27th • yezis of his - reign, th at he t,ould pre vail on them to, Las s the Statiite of Uses, by which the • a fr l ' i l l t i ' s, d i s igTe l :l i i c e h had- s ti b li e vl c e t i i r .4 t i o ra r ct u i :a r n d Y °yre'arlslimur'gvieisr; prevented ; the House Commons to pasl this statatr. I know it may be that the nonse of Commons consented to let him confi scate the property •of the convents ; but that, property wax not under their protection; They permitted Queru Matry thh re-establish the Itornah -Catholic - religion; but when she asked them to consent that the confiscated property of ttie convents should be restored, they lefts's& it ; for that pru- Peet) , was then become the property et laymen, was un der their protection. At the commencement Of the great rebellion in the time of Charles I. pet hero there was hardly any nation in Europe iu which taxes Were stroke moderate than iu Englaud, Ou clue.