The Sun. — London, England, 1849-01-23 00:00:00

age of the inland rates in each country (ex cepting always our mails for California, and to our remote territories, by land or sea, which are specially provided for in Article 12) and to adept uniformly those average rates. In Eng land, the inland rate on a 1. tter, if paid in advance, is one penny ; if not paid in advance, as nioet foreignen letters are not, it is twopence. Three -halfpence, is a just and fair uniform British inland raote.ct:Fpor; America, an inland letter, if received at a post cents.ffi delivery, and not for transmission, pay If transmitted it pays a varying rate s of tw fi o ve and ten cents. The average, therefore, is five and two-thirds of n neat—less than six cents. Our Postmaster-General, moreover, as well as committees in both house o f Con gress, recommend a u niform rate, not exceeding five cents. That rate, therefore. was taken as the uniform American inland rate. But I consented to this only on condition that the sea-rate should be reduced. This was agreed to ;so that now, by Articles 1,2, 3, there is one utelferm rate of twenty-four cents on every letter of half an ounce or less, from any part of the United States, within our established post routes, whether from New York or New Orleans, or the remotest village post-office in the far west to any part of the United Kingdom. This is a less rate than the present one between London and Paris. It is what the British packet-rate alone for merly was. This treaty effects such a reduction in the combined rates, that our American inland rate of five cents each way is obtained out of the former British packet-rate. " After this important concession of a reduced sea rate, which operates exclusively to our benefit, until we get at least an equal number of mail packets with England, I. did not think I should be justified in refusing to take tb e Canada mails across our territory at the uni form inlrind rate established by Article 2. "It seemed to be wise to treat our Canadian neighbours liberally ; a special act of Congress on the subject of mails in transit to Canada-favours such a policy. The concession of sea rate of Bd. was coupled with my assent ,0 this fifth Article ; and, moreover, I believe, that Con gress, before this convention goes fully into operation, will have reduced our own rates for our own letters to Canada to five cents. Besides, the old agreement gave to the English closed mails a special express conveyance; there is now no stipulation for a special train, or for ex traordinary speed. It is all left to the Postmaster-Gene ral's discretion. " I would have insisted in Article 6 for a correspond ing concession for closed mails through Canada at re duced rates. But Great Britain is on the point of con ferring the management of the Canadian Post office to the Canadas, and the Canadas themselves are to reduce their inland postage. " Newspapers are, by Article 15, to cross the seas in the mail packets of either country, without charge for sea conveyance; only each country is to take on its own account two cents, or one penny, on every newspaper going out of it or coming into it. So for the transit, each newspaper is to be charged two cents in America and in Great Britain one penny, or in some cases less. "In like manner by Articles 17 and 18 there is to be no charge for sea conveyance of other periodicals and pamphlets. Each party is to collect for itself suitable inland rates. If more convenient, we may retain our present rates and scale of increase for printed matter, or adopt any other not higher on the average than the rates in the articles. The rates and scale of increase named in the treaty are those adopted by Great Britain in all postal conventions. The rate for the first two ounces is very moderate—the scale of increase is high. I would have consented to adopt a lower one, but it was alleged that in practice it would have crowded the mails beyond measure with what, perhaps, more properly, should go through the custom-houses of the two countries. " I offered to permit the printed circulars of merchants and manufacturers to be sent at the same rate as other printed matter. The British Post-office objected; hut our American advertisements, if printed as ..xtra news• papers, will pay only newspaper postage. " Freedom of transit for letters and newspapers was of the utmost importance. I held that we should have the right to bring over transit letters in our own packets to a British port, and deposit them, free of British charge, in the British Post-office, there to be treated as letters ori ginating in England. The Post-office department in sisted OR charging three-halfpence besides. But the Chancellor of the Exchequer viewed the matter pre cisely as I did; and we very easily came to an agreement on the point, as expressed in article 12. By that article, a letter sent through England pays in America twenty one cents in advance, instead of twenty-four. Of these five cents. is the inland rate, America or British as it may be. For that payment in advance, all of which goes into our treasury, if the packet is ours, the letter is delivered into the British Post-office to be sent at the rates paid by the British themselves to any part of the world to which the British postal system extends. And con versely. • " A small difficulty did indeed arise, but as the Chan cellor and I had but one mind on what was right, we easily surmounted it. " By article 8 you will perceive that we have a right to send letters and newspapers in the usual channels, or in closed mails, through the United Kingdom, as well to France as to other foreign countries. A difficulty oc curred in the settling of the rates to be paid for letters to France, passing through England. By the 52d article of the British and French postal convention (of which I have sent home a copy), the French pay on letters to the British Government one uniform rate of 40 pence per ounce, British net weight, for transit through the United Kingdom, and sea conveyance to and from countries be yond sea. There is one and the same rate for letters whether from Brazil or Van Diemen's Land, from Bos ton or Calcutta. But by our present treaty with Eng land this rate becomes too high on letters between France and the United States, passing through the United King dom. The Chancellor of the Exchequer is therefore willing on his part to reduce the rates to be paid on such letters, and apply the principle of the 12th article of this treaty to France. " For this the concurrence of France is necessary. But of course France will not refuse to accept what comes to her mainly as a simple reduction of her rate of postage. At the same time, we ourselves have a motive to introduce France into this part of the negotiation, for, as far as Great Britain is concerned, she has a common interest . with us. Further, we may have mail-steamers to Havre, bringing letters for Great Britain, and these must be provided for. It seems, therefore, that we have nothing to lose by consenting to perfect this part of our arrangement, by a tripartite arrangement between the three countries. "The question comes up as to how we shall be placed in the interim. We can send letters under cover to Li verpool, to be there mailed and forwarded to France, at a rate of only three halfpence the half-ounce, beyond what would be payable if France were not excepted from the 12th article. Letters so sent would in many cases go at less cost than under the British treaty with France. On a parcel of half an ounce the New York rate would be five cents, or twopence-halfpenny, the sea rate eightpence, the British inland rate one penny-half penny, to which fivepence must be added for transit : from Liverpool to France; while by the English treaty with France, a letter of a half-ounce, which equally pays in New York five cents, or twopence halfpenny, pays on delivery in France for sea conveyance and transit the sum of twenty-five pence; so the, by the one way, the cost of a letter of a half ounce from the United States, through England to France, will be 17d.; and on the other will be 221 d. Of course England has as strong an interest as we to remove this inconvenient inequality. " Thus I think it no disadvantage to us to leave the transit rate to France to be settled conjointly with Fraeic.e; the Chancellor having most explicitly and re peatedly stated that his wish is to arrange with France to charge on our letters in transit to France what a Liverpool merchant pays on a letter to France originat ing in Liverpool, and conversely, without the further exaction of the three halfpence British inland rate, as established by art. 2 of this convention. 0 , The preceding paragraphs of my dispatch relating to the transit of our letters and newspapers through the Uni:ed Kingdom, to and from France, have been sent by me to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who concurs in the exact accuracy of my statement. .6 I hope for the approbation of the President on the result of this very laborious negotiation, which could not h ave been proceeded with but for the aid of Congress, an d even now would hardly have been termi na t e d b u t for the enlightened good will of the Fi rs t L or d o f t h e T r easury, an d the hearty co-operation of the Chancellor o f t he Exchequer and Viscount Palmerston.--yours " GEORGE BANCROFT." sincerely, you have re served 4 6 13S —BY a rticle , 4 for e ounce in weight to employ the scale of progression in „operation in its own territory. But, at the same time, I cannot but recommend the adoption of the Engl . .11 scale of progressio n. It Would raise the rate on scarcely one letter in a hundred, at the same time it would save to the Post-office a great deal of labour on every letter tae sm transmitted. The success of the chew p depends on simplifying the manual process and g diminish ingp to labour. Where the rates are hi g h it is -weigh each letter, and so to have a s cale of pro r gr p ession by the half-ounce; where rates are uniform and low, the scale of progression should be by the ounce , so that the Post-office clerks may, without often using the scales, at once decide what rate attaches to each letter. G. 13." COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Fully fa te to goo d fair... 7 to 74 8 to 8i F i n e - Breadsto trs-A t New York all kinds of breadstuffs were in good. demand, and 11rge transactions were taking place at adv tneed rates. • Owing to a light stock and si applies from the South, there has been an advance real' Lsed of 50c. per barrel on flour, the market closing with much firmness, and a still further upward tendency. The export demaud s has almost ceased, but for home use , and eastern trade there has been consi derable inquiry. Flour-The re has been a gradual improvement since my last report establishing the advance noted above holders are firm at my highest quotation, and but little desire shown to sell at present rates. The range of common brands, Western and Genesee, has been 5 dolls. 25c. to 5 dolls. 811 e. ; and the better sorts from 5 dolls. 37ic. to 6 dolls. Baltimore and Georgetown, Richmond country. &c., are now selling at 5 dolls. 50c. to 5 dolls. 561 c. Rye flour brings 3 dolls. 12fe. to 3 dolls. 25c. Jersey corn meal, 3 dolls. Grain-Wheat, owing to the rise in flour, is firmly held at 108 c. to 115 c. for Illinois and Ohio, and 124 c. to 128 c. for Genesee per 601bs. Rye is dull at 62e. per 561bs. Barley is held at 64c. to 66e. per 481bs. Oats have advanced, and bring 44c. to 46c. for northern. Indian corn, since the Europa's arrival, has been in re quest, at an advance of 2c. per bushel, with sales; new southern white at 60c., and yellow 62c. to 63c.; northern yellow, 65c. to 66c.; and old mixed western, 62c. to 64c. Provisions-Pork continues to have an upward ten dency. Sales of mess have been made at 16 doll. to 16 dolls. 50c. for new mess. and 14 dolls. 50e. to 15 dolls. for prime. The stock is light, and the demand active. Country inspected beef is firm at 12 dolls. to 7 dolls. for new and prime. The receipts of lard are light, and transactions limited. Ashes have advanced. 100 barrels Canada pots sold to-day at 7 dolls. New York pots may be quoted at 6 dolls. 7 5c., and pearls at 6 dolls. 50c. Naval Stores are without change. Rough turpentine selling moderately at 2 dolls. 50c.; spirits of turpentine, 35e. to 36c. Whale Oil is held at 36c. for shipping qualities, and 40c. to 41c. for selected. Whalebone may be quoted nominally at 30c.; but the principal holders refuse to name a price at which they will sell. 13, Great Marlborough-stret.e SIR E. BULWER LYTTON'S NEW WORK, "KING ARTIIUR," Is now ready at all the Libraries, Complete in 2 vols., 15s. bound. Orders received by all Booksellers. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. 13, Great Marlboroligh-street. m R. COLBURN'S NEW BOOKS, NOW READY. Sir E. BULWER LYTTON'S New Work, "KING ARTHUR." 2 vols. 15s. bound. Vols. 111. and IV. of The CASTLEREAGH LETTERS and DIS PATCHES. Completing the Irish Rebellion and Union. Part 111. of CHATEAUBRIAND'S MEMOIRS of HIS OWN TIMES. Containing the Account of his Residence in England. Price only 2s. 6d. IV. SAM SLICK'S New Work, " The OLD JUDGE; or, Life in a Colony." 2 vols. 211. bound. ANECDOTES of the ARISTOCRACY and EPISODES In AN CESTRAL STORY. By J. Bernard Burke, Esq. 2 vols. post Bvo. THE MIDNIGHT SUN. Hy, ,gredrika Brener. Translated by Mary Howitt. 1 vol., 10s. 6d. llqund. VOL. IV. of PEPYS' DIARY Bnd CORRESPONDENCE. New Edition. 10s. Gd. bound. N.B. 9ile more 'volume will complete this • interesting work. Vitt ADVENTURES in BORNEO. Dedicated to Sir James Brooke, Raja of Sarawak. 1 vol. 7s. 6d. bound. VOLS. XI. and XII. of MISS STRICKLAND'S LIVES of the QUEENS of ENGLAND, completing the work. MR. ROSS'S YACHT VOYAGE in LORD RODNEY'S CUTTER THE IRIS." Second aid Cheaper Edition. 1 vol. 10s. 6d. bound. XI. MRS. WARD'S NARRATIVE of her FIVE YEARS' RESI DENCE IN KAFIRL AND. 2 yols, with Portraits, &e., 21s„ bound. XII. THE SUPPLEMENT to BURKE'S HISTORY of the LANDED GENTRY. 15s. Henry Colbum, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Immediately, in 2 vols. post Bvo., P ERE GItIN E SCRAMBLE; Or. THIRTY YEARS' ♦DVENTURES of a BLUE JACKET. By SIR HENRY V. HUNTLEY. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, THE THIRD EDITION of MR. MACAU LAY'S HISTORY of ENGLAND, Vols. I. and 11., Bvo., price 325., is this day published. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman!. ST . JAMES'S T HE A TR E. HOUDIN'S MATINEE FANTASTIQUE. The celebrated ROBERT HOUDIN will give his First DAY PER FORMANCE, TO-MORROW MORNING (WEDNESDAY), Jan. 24, commencing at Half-past Two o'clock. Houein's Soirees will be repeated THIS EVENING, Jan. 23, (no Performance on Thursday, Jan. 25), and Saturday Evening, Jan. 27. _ . . Doors open at Eight o'clock. Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets for this extraordinary Entertaintneat may be secund at Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street ; and at the Box-office of the Theatre. IiZATRE ILOTAL, HAYbiAtiai Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Brompton. The public is respectfully informed that this Theatre has, during the recess, undergone very extensive repairs and alterations and the whole re-decorated. THIS EVENING, Will be performed THE STRANGER. The Stranger, Mr. C. Kean; Mrs. Haller, Mrs. C. Kean. Liter which, TWICE KILLED. To conclude with an Arabian Nights' Entertainment, entitled CAM.IRALZAMAN AND BADOURA ; or, The Peri who Loved the Fence. Characters by Messrs. Bland, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, Miss llortzr. and Miss Reynolds. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. Sole Lessee. Mr. Charles Ma• he ... s. THIS EVEN I bl(,, Will be performed a ;;; — arld original petite Comedy, entitled WHO SPEAKS FIRST? After which, a new Fairy Extravaganza, entitled THE KING OF THE PEACOCKS. Characters by Messrs. Harley, John Reeve, Selby, H. Hal, Marshall, and 11. Marshall ; Miss Kathleen Fitzwil gam, Miss L. Howard, Mrs. Macnamara, Miss Marshall, Miss 7.. Marshall, Miss Co'eman, and Madame Vestris. To conclude with AN APPEAL. CO 'rEIE PUBLIC. Dress ;toms, 53.; Upper Boxes, 45. ; Pit, 23 ; Gallery, ls. Ne half-price to any part of the house. The New Box-office, No. 2, Wellington• street, is open to the public every day, from Ten till Six. PRINCESS'S THEATI:E, Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager. During the Recess this Theatre has been re-decorated and embel lished In a superb and costly manner by Mr Hurwitz. A new Chan delier has been fitted, and the best arrangements have been made for the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and the couuort and convenience of the audience. THIS EVENING, will be performed a new Opera, entitled MARIE, THE FOUND LING OF THE LAKE. To conclude with a new grand Pantomime, entitled BLUFF KING HAL ; or, Harlequin and the Charmed Arrow. Harlequin, Mr. Bologna; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo; Clown, Mr. Fleimoro ; Sprite, Mr. De Barr ; Columbine, Miss Fawcett. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. Under the Patronage of her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, &c. Enormous success of the Holiday Novelties, the most astounding in the Metropolls.—A gorgeous Spectacle.—Miss Woolford on the Tight-rope.—Brilliant Scenes of the Arena.—A new comic Pan tomime. THIS EVENING, The curtain will rise at a Quarter to Seven o'clock precisely to the magnificent Spectacle of the WARS OF THE JEWS; or, The Fall of Jerusalem. After which, Miss Woolford on the Tight-rope. To be followed by an inimitable display of SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, supported by the first Equestrian talent et the day. To conclude with a new Equestrian Pantomime, entitled BOLD ROBIN HOOD ; er, The Pretty White lime and Enchanted Prin cess of Sherwood Forest. Box-office open from Eleven till Five. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. TO CORRESP ON DEN TS. lo communication can be attended to unless authenti cated by the name and address of the writer. Rejected communications cannot be returned. THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, JANITAnY 23. Tilslolo7dETEl4 Lowest, 38; Highest, 45; Noon, 50. BAROMETER, 30.4. WIND S.W. • fine weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON MUDGE. THIS DAT —gorning, IS min. after 1 I Evening, 38 min. after 1 To-Moaaow—Morning, 59:min. after 1 1 Evening, 17 min. after I b e tnina * lllll‘ Altit .t"‘wo LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 1849. However the reactionary conspirators may endea vour to blink the matter, it is indisputable that the French Republic has, since the moment of its founda tion on the 26th of last February, been gradually, securely, and resolutely consolidating itself upon a democratic foundation. Within a comparatively few days the Parisians will have reached the anniversary of the Revolution. If ever a nation had reason to celebrate the anniversary of their political emancipa tion, that nation is the French. For, on the comple tion of the first year of her existence as a Republic, France will find that she has visibly progressed to wards the realisation of all those wishes which were once derided as chimerical. So far from retro grading, as was prophesied, she has, we re peat, progressed. True that her commercial paralysis and her financial bankruptcy can scarcely be..aid to have betrayed tiny cn bitantial tokens of improvement ; nut ner commerce was tottering to its do tvnfal before the subversion of the monarchy, and her exchequer was in a state of abject insolvency before the royal poltroons of the last dynasty were kicked out of the back entrance of the Tuileries. The rational spectators of revolutionized France have not been silly enough to anticipate any such admi nistrative miracles as the sudden extrication of trade from its involvements, or as the securing of a surplus in the national income with a deficit of twenty mil lions sterling to account for in the first in stance. The hopes of the well-wishers of France have been of a somewhat more rea sonable character ; and those hopes have been almost without an exception fulfilled. The first tre mendous difficulties of the revolution have been con quered by three successive Governments, the authority of which Governments developed and enlarged in proportion with the increase of the dangers threaten ing the very existence of the commonwealth. In the period when a magnanimous people retained in their hands the power squandered away by the Sovereign, the Provisional Administration guided the instincts of the multitude with a patriotic wisdom such as will redound to its everlasting glory. When the factions who were secretly hungering after pillage and thirst ing after anarchy began to attack the very basis of the State, and to undermine at once Order, the Law, and Property, the authority of the Democratic Cabinet was concen trated in the Executive Commission. And when, in defiance of all the restraints that could be given by Moderation, the Terrorists appeared in arms against society, the rigour of the Government was enhanced for the emergency by its retention in the grasp of a Military Dictator. Republicanism was saved by these means from falling simultaneously into contempt and inextricable confusion. Beyond all these memorable achievements of the statesmen of February, they have drawn together a j3usiness at New York, and indeed at all the other commercial depots, was in an active and flourishing con ditioen.- T M eh eY was he spring i mportations were expecte.. to be plentiful and o f easy access . The larg . Secretary of ti:e Treasury has issued a notice to the effect that, Ets the GUyern,Tent was not in want of funds, subscribers to the loan L.! . 1 868 may defer payment tin the Ist of March. Cotton—At New York the co:ton market was active, and a good business doing. The news by the E uropa advanced the market fully per lb. in Uplands, and lc. in Gulf cottons, and the news to the 20th of Decem ber per Washington, has caused a furtheerise of AC. to c. ic•-day. Fair Uplands are not easily obtainable at 'Ti c ., a m? middlings aro worth 7 to 7c. for Up lands, and 7- i e . to Tic. for ordinary. Freight being id. to Liverpool, and Ic. to France. The laying down price of cotton hes advanced about id. sterling, or lie. per lb. in the last two weeks. The exports are very small—very small indeed: in the last two weeks only 37,000 of the 57,000 bales have 'been cleared for Great Britain. This is partly wing to the obstacles tomoving produce at New Orlean o s during the cholera, .partly to the preference given to a coast - Niise destination , And partly mere accident; but, how sever it may arise, the import of cotton into Liverpool attiring the first two months of 1849 :2 tQ be muck less t ksnmight have been expected. The sales of the last three Upa y days amount to 5,500 balej. . .and Flo. M0.,N.0. 8: Tex. Interior none. none. Ord.'nary to good ord 6l to 6a 6i to 6 Middling to good mid 6l to 7 6' to 7 ; 351idd10 , , , , fair to fair THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING.. JAN ILTARY 2B, 1840.: national represettation ; and that national represen tation has digested and proclaimed the Republican Constitution. A President has in like manner been chosen by universal suffrage ; and the nominee of that great functionary—M. BOULAY DE LA MEURTHE— has been subsequently accepted by the National As sembly as the Vice-President, or second magistrate, of the Republic. All these things have been accom plished in spite of the adverse predictions of the Counter-Revolutionists, and accomplished, more over, before the arrival of the first revolutionary an niversary. We cannot insist too pointedly on these facts, be cause they are indicative of a loyalty to that order of things which has prevailed since the first political explosion of 1843—an order of things described by the reactionnairte: as hateful to the population. At a time when really sensible men are trembling with superstitious awe before the vaticinations of Presbyterian divines, and recluses of Orval, it is well to have a testimony so startling as the present of the frivolity of those individuals who pretend to be the inspired augurs of futurity. It is well to discover that the magic wand is so much larch, and the pro phetic garment :so much dimity. The Precisians were not more sanguine of, one of these days, behold ing the Sovereign PONTIFF go off like a lucifer match in a blaze cf detonating brimstone, than were the Legitimists of witnessing the abrupt evapora tion of the Republic. We were only to wait a little while -- that was all ! and were then to see these orators, and soldiers, and statesmen of democracy trampled down under the wrath of an indignant and deceived people, and replaced by a legitimate Sovereign. A legitimate Sovereign ! Who ? HENRI CINQ ? Or the COMTE DE PARIS ? Or the PRINCE DE JOINVILLE ? Or the Duchess D'ORLEANS as Regent ? That was the rub —to select ! There were so many claimants to a seat on the Throne—that Throne which—(these good prophets seem quite to have forgotten the occurrence) —was carried as a trophy on the shoulders of the people round the boulevards of Paris, and then broken in pieces and piled up into a bonfire ! Well ; but the Throne, said they, was, not as the EMPEROR used irreverently to term it, a deal chair, covered with velvet and gilt nails, but—in the hearts of the people ! We were to have all over again La Vendee and the desertion of a DUMOURIEZ, the insur gent heroism of the peasantry and the petulant auda city of the , emigres ! when-0 shame to the dege neracy of races !—a vote was given for the elevation of the Arab Emir ADD- EL-KADER to the Presidential office, and that vote was slipped into the urn of elec tion by one of the house of LAROCHEJAQUELIN ! We were to see the last descendant of the BOURBONS anointed with the holy chrism in the Cathedral of Notre Dame, when lo ! the representative of the Imperial dynasty of NAPOLEON was spontaneously elected by nearly seven millions of votes, and solemnly installed by the Assembly in the Palace of th• Elysee Nationale! So much for the prediction of the Legitimists. As if to afford an additional argument that their conjectures are erroneous, their candidate for the Vice-Presidentship has been re jected, and ➢l. BOULAY DE LA MEURTHE announced to be the colleague of President BONAPARTE. Whether the National Assembly be dissolved on the 15th of April or not, it is certain that before the hour of its dissolution has been sounded the Republican institutions will have been securely built up on their democratic foundation. v.hich he may kill and carry off for his own use as much as he pleases ; but not satisfied with these ex clusive privileges, it appears that he claims an exclusive property in the whole of the deer, &c., and insists that the SOVEREIGN, whose ser vant he is, has no right whatsoever to any portion thereof. As this modest demand is contested by the Crown, there is every reason to suppose that another law-suit will arise on this subject, and that after some twelve or fifteen years' litigation, and another heavy dip into the public purse on account of costs, proposals for an amicable compromise may be made, which may be entertained by the lawyers on either side. With these facts before us, the astonishment ex cited by the moderation of the Lord Warden in demanding enly 371. 10s. salary for his service is speedily set at rest. It appears that wages (or, we beg pardon, we should have used the term more pleas • ing to aristocratic ears)—a salary is demanded for managing an estate, the entire proceeds of which are appropriated to the private and personal use of the manager, while any extraordinary outlay is charged to the national revenue. Some estimate may be formed of the real value of the situation when an intelligent gentleman (Mr Dowries), in his evi dence, says, " Whittlevrood Forest is at present pay ing literally nothing, and I should be very glad to give 5,0001. a year:for it, and be at the cost of inclosing and cultivating it, or allowing me three and a half per cent. upon the value of the tim ber, I would give from 18,0001. to 20,0001. a year. There are, indeed, nice perquisites (we sup pose the value of Wakefield Lodge is not included). As " JEAMES" might say, " though the wages are not large, the veils are hand some." They are indeed. And yet 11. 3s. 011. (we cannot say with Mr. MANTALINI, "the farthing be dimmed," as it forms so large a proportion of the entire revenue) only finds its way into the national Exchequer after deducting the expenses of manage ment from a property worth 18,0001. to 20,0001. per annum. Lord CHURCHILL is decidedly a more pru dent steward. He returned last year 1231. ls. 7d., although the same Mr. DOWNES only values Whych wood Forest, of which he is the Lord Warden, at 4,6251. per annum, exclusive of the value of the timber, which he estimates as being worth from 280,0001. to 300,0001. We must really apologise to his Grace the Duke of GRAFTON, and to his illustrious predecessors. It ap pears that we unwittingly underrated the rewards accorded by a generous nation for the pre-eminent ser vices rendered by that distinguished family. It is true that we pointed out (in The Sun of 2d January instant) that they had been in the receipt of no les s than 11,1991. 2s. per annum, payable out of the Excise and Post-office revenues, during a period of one hundred and seventy-five years, and that the total amount thus paid if accumulated at compound interest would now amount to the enormous sum of 1,290,653,9551. sterling. We did not, however, include in the calculation the snug pickings derived from the Lord Wardenship of Whittlewood Forest, which has been held by the successive inheritors of the title. We here, however, been considerably enlightened on the point by a tract just published under the auspices of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association, a nortion whereof we yesterday extracted into our columni.— How long, we ask in sober earnest, will abuses such as those above alluded to, and which have been brought to light by the va luable exertions of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association, be tolerated ? How long will English men submit to the burdens with which they are overwhelmed, while the national property is thus wasted and misapplied ? We cannot refrain from giving the concluding statement of the association, and the question that naturally arises thereon : " A system," say they , " which can generate such wicked extravagance in the administrators of the public purse ; which can make its appointed guardians' part ners and abettors of the crime, and lull the very tax payers themselves into a state of such amazing careless ness and indifference, as has too generally prevailed upon this subject for many years past, is not, and it cannot come to good.' It stands condemned by its evil fruits, and must suggest to every reflecting mind the question,—Whether to levy every man's contribution to the rational expenditure directly, assessing it fairly in proportion to the amount and nature of his resources, would not prove at once the most effectual check °to the idle profusion of the representatives, and a much needed spur to the vigilance of the electors ?" We refer our readers to the Postal Treaty which I has just been concluded between Great Britain and the United States, and which will be found in extenso in another column. Henceforth the " correspondence between the two countries, the mail-packets of each Government, and the postage charges" are to be placed upon an equal and reciprocal footing. There is, however, an exception to this rule. According to the second article, letters posted or charged in the United States will be rated at a half ounce to the single letter, over half an ounce and not exceeding an ounce as a double letter, over an ounce and not exceeding an ounce and a half, a treble letter, and so on ; a pro gressive single rate being charged upon each half ounce or fractional part in excess thereof. This is perfectly just and intelligible. A certain definite sum is charged for a certain weight, and so on, a single rate being added according to the progressive weight. But, for some unaccountable reason, the same rule is not applied to English letters. The full ounce weight limits the double letter, while for any excess over the ounce two full rates are charged; thus for over an ounce, four rates are levied, if over two ounces six rates, and so on. There can be no possible justification for this absurd distinction, which prevents that perfect uniformity and reciprocity that is so desirable. Why cannot single rates be levied for every additional half ounce in this country, as well as on the other side of the Atlantic ? The care and attention that must be be stowed by the Post-office authorities upon a letter is by no means in proportion to its weight ; it is the separating and sorting, the packing up for the differ ent posts, and the distribution, that occasions the chief difficulty, and a small additional weight forms but an unimportant item in the calculation. And yet a greater charge in proportion is made on the larger letters. But this, absurd and ridiculous as it may appear, does not by any means constitute the chief objection. It is to the difference of rates, the want of uniformity of postage of all letters exceeding an ounce in weight, that must be perpetuated thereby. The British Post-office is guilty of similar ab surdities in its relations with almost every other nation. The charge is, generally speaking, much higher if the postage is paid in this country than if it is left to be satisfied on its arrival. A speedy alteration should take place in this respect, so as to place our foreign postal arrangements on a rational and satisfactory footing. There is one other point worthy of notice. It would appear as if the British and American Govern ments could not trust each other, as if the usual credit which one merchant will readily afford to another could not safely be extended by one great nation to another. The charge for the transmission of newspapers is to be two cents., or one penny to each Government; but this cannot be either entirely paid or left unpaid in either country--the amount to which each nation is entitled must be collected in its own territory. Thus, if a newspaper be posted at any commercial town two cents must be paid by the party sending it, and two by the recipient. This unnecessary stipulation may cause much inconvenience, and no sufficient reason can be assigned to justify its adoption. A. similar rule is also enforced with re spect to pamphlets, for which the charge is to be one cent, or one halfpenny to each - c 11l LISL It appears, then, that not contented with hereditary pensions to the amount of 11,199/. 2s. per annum (a sum manifestly inadequate to sustain the ducal dignity of the Fitzroys), his Grace had kindly ac cepted the situation of hereditary Lord Warden of Whittlewood Forest. It is not stated that the duties attached to that important office are very onerous, or that much of his Grace's valuable time is necessarily devoted to their performances. The salary is not large-37/.los. per annum is all that is paid as a direct remuneration for the services of a nobleman who has reached the highest rank in the British Peerage which it is possible for a subject to attain. No ob jection could possibly be taken to the amount. His Grace, by accepting the situation, became a trustee for the public, bound to turn that portion of the national domains, of which he was the appointed manager, to the most beneficial use, and to render a strict account of the revenues derivable therefrom. An humble steward could scarcely be obtained for a smaller sum. 'We must confess that we were forcibly impressed by the great moderation exhibited by those distinguished noblemen, who, notwithstanding their princely re venues, and wide-spread domains, consented thus to devote their energies to the public service, and that for so small a stipend. It is true that the returns to the National Exchequer are not very considerable, 1/. 3s. Ofd., was the net income derived last year from the forest. Indeed, so far as the public revenues are concerned, it would be far better that the accounts should not be complicated by any mention thereof. We imagine that the printing in relation thereto, and the correspondence carried on in the department of Woods and Forests, which are charged against other funds, must more than coml• terbalance the profits. There are other contingencies too that may arise to render the royal domain a " damnosam hereditatem." Lawsuits are occasionally undertaken, and heavy bills of costs incurred, for the protection of rights which it appears are not worth preserving. A suit was commenced in 1834 respecting the timber in Whych wood Forest (under the Lord Wardenship of Lord Cuuacuree—a descendant of another here ditary enitnnalt nn *h. P. _ - > - L its continuance, and until it became abated by the death of one of the litigating parties, the late Lord CHURCHILL, in 1845, cost the public no less than 7,0131. Notwithstanding that large expenditure no adjudication ever took place. The suit may at any moment be revived, to be prosecuted with equal rigour, and at an equally moderate outlay, unless some compromise can be effected with the present Lord Cuuacuree, the new hereditary Lord Warden of Whychwood Forest. Under these circumstances, it would seem to be a wise and prudent economy to offer these forests as free gifts to any nobleman or gentleman who could be found willing to accept the same, and with sufficient patriotism to assume burdens that have pressed with some weight upon the national purse. It is true that Whychwood Forest did produce last year 128/. ls. 7d., but that sum would scarcely provide for the interest of the 7,0131. already ex pended in law costs, and would go but a very small way in carrying on future litigation, should the suit be proceeded with. The salary of 37/. 10s. to the Duke of GRAFTON, or even the larger o ne o f 62/. 1 ls. Bd. to Lord CHURCHILL, would,or even v en ayear's salary be readily surrender e d, of course, m ight be paid in lieu o f a notice to q u it, t o a fford time to those noble servants of the public to look out for other situations. It appears, however, that in taking an account of the profits of these situations, something more than the mere salaries must be looked to. His Grace the Duke of GRAFTON, in addition to his stipend of 371. 10s., is allowed " Wakefield Lodge" as a resi dence, besid e the pasturage of Wakefield lawn, con taining 200 or 300 acres. This is something to a pru dent man ; but still more remains in the background. He is also entitled to all the underwood, which is cut every twenty-one years, and from which a handsome revenue may be obtained. In addition, he is allowed the unrestricted use of the game and venison, of also be taken that all American postage on letters from Havannah, frum other places in the Gulf of Mexico, from the American Pacific possessions, and from the British North American provinces, should be paid in the United States before the same is dis patched by mail to Great Britain. It is also provided that on letters received from foreign coun tries or English possessions through the London or other post-office in Great Britain, to be delivered in the United States, the foreign and British rates must be prepaid, while the American is to be collected on delivery. Surely these vexatious regulations might easily be modified for the mutual advantage of both nations, if the persons charged with the negotiation approached the consi deration of the subject in a liberal spirit, and were prepared to make mutual concessions. the attacks made by M. ODILON BARROT on the A - sembly, calls upon M. ODILON BARROT to resign at once, as it is evident that he has lost the conEdence of the PRESIDENT, and that he never possessed that of the Assembly. It is clear that the Ali , ,istry is in a very feeble condition, that the PRESIDENT begins to perceive that it is intended by the Minister, and their reactionary supprters to make of him a planche Napolionienne, and that he is by no means inclined to be the mere RICHARD CROMWELL that the would be Monks imagined him to be. The Siecle has formally withdrawn its support from the Cabinet. Until recently, this journal was the recognised organ of M. ODILON BARROT, and was edited by M. LEON FAUCHER, the Minister of the Interior. It declares there is no hope for the present Cabinet unless it forms a coalition with the moderate Itepulslicans, who acknowledge General CAVAIGNAC as their leader. M. LEDRU Roilasi, and 46 other members of the party of the National Assembly called the Ai.untain, have addressed a collective letter to the ]lloniteur, stating that they abstained from taking any part in the vote for the Vice-Presidency of the Republic. The National states that General CAVAIGNAC and his friends voted for M. VIVIEN as Vice-President. The following semi-official communication appeared in the Patrie of Saturday evening :—" The amnesty question has for several days been made a pretext by several journals for directing insults and calumnies against the PRESIDENT of the Republic. We shalt not take any further notice of these insults, nor answer the calumnies, but leave it to the good sense of the public to do justice upon them. There is, however, an assertion which must not remain uncontradicted, and upon which these journals have principally d welt. According to them, the PRESIDENT of the Republic has promised to grant the amnesty. The PRESIDENT of the Republic has not entered into any such engagement. Several times, it is true, in conversation upon this subject, he has expressed his wish to see realised the desire he expressed in his manifesto, and which has always been in his heart, to grant the amnesty as soon as circumstances would permit, but he has never given any positive pledge that it should be done." The Corsaire says—" To-morrow MM. JULES PAYEE and BILLAULT are to join in interrogating the Government as to its intended foreign policy. It appears that the object of these two representatives is to bring to a conclusion the dicta laid down by M. EMILE GIRARDIN, of no intervention, under any pretext whatever; and an immediate reduction of the budget to 1,300,000,000 f. MM. ODILON BARROT and General RULHIERES will reply by simply moving the order of the day. If this motion be rejected, the Cabinet will immediately retire." Orders have been given by the Minister of the Marine for the suppression of one day's work in the week in all the naval arsenals. This is fixed for Saturday, as being partly occupied with the pay of the men. It was at first intended to discharge a part of the men ; but it was afterwards thought better to make the reduction weigh equally, and comparatively, lightly upon all. Mademoiselle A. BLANQUI was arrested on Satur day, charged with havitg aided 'BARTHELEMY and LECAMBRE to escape from prison. With regard to the Italian question the National has the following:— " We have received letters from Turin most worthy of credit which throw new light upon the situation of affairs at Rome. The Sardinian Government has pro tested energetically against the intervention offered by Spain, alleging that to the native Catholic Italian princes alone belongs the right of intervention in the Roman question. The King of Sardinia having proposed his pacific, and, if necessary, armed mediation, takes away from all foreign Courts the pretext of intervention. But there is a circumstance which greatly enlarges the question. The Pope, far from accepting the conclusions of the Sardinian Cabinet, and trusting little to the effi caciousness of intervention by Spain, has demanded that of Austria. This determination of Pius IX. has pro voked the warmest remonstrances of the Sardinian Am bassador, in which he has been, it is said, sustained by the French Ambassador. The question is then clearly posed, shall we allow the Austrian Government to do minate at Rome?" BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, JAN. 22. Boulogne and Amiens, 8 ex exchange—Luxembourg (71. 10s .), 1/. z—Ditto —Ditto ( 101.), 2%—Orleans —Orleans and Bordeaux, 2 1 % —Paris and Orleans, 28 ex int.—Paris and Rouen, 18— Rouen and Havre, 9 5 % g —Sambre and Meuse, 34—Tours and Nantes, 1%. • T ' ti ' , 4 . A st , •A. "--. i , •.? / ~, ,',) ' ' •.7 ~-:....art0 ... 11,, ..,, . A . , r 4 -ApptVt%ik,A' ANA 4 , i , ~ 0.t.--- . 4, - • .Vbi—,4,ll IN ~ . ..1.1.1, '' ‘ft'• 4* :k 4 ' 3. '.... .Ailikl . 6) .. , ,-_, ;;, sik .-...=, • 41- •mo -1 ‘‘,, ~.' " . :440- n33 '. '''''.o l ;---• - •4. ' , E V '' ~ 01''''' '• • e.. .. ' '" .. . liM _ "1 , -- '''' • . ""•- THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Under the direction of Madame Celeste. During the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the original designs by Digby Wyatt, Esq., executed by Mr. Sang. A new Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys tem of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, and Stalls rerdered more comfortable. THIS EVENING Will be performed a new Drama, fourded on Mr. Dickens's Christ mas Book, entitled THE HAUNTED MAN, Mr. Redlaw, Mr. Hughes : the Phantom, Mr. 0. Smith ; A. Tetterby and Co , Mr. Wright; the Bev, Miss E. Chaplin; Milly, Miss Woolgar ; Mrs. Tet terby, Mrs. F. Matthews. To be followed by THE ENCHANTED ISLE. Alonzo, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Prospero, Mr. 0. Smith ; Ariel, Madame Celeste. To conclude with a new Farce called SLASHER AND CRASHER. Mr. Slasher, Mr. Wright ; Mr. Crasher, Mr. Paul Bedford. MONEY. During the past fortnight the tendency of the Money Market has been upward. Stocks of all kinds have steadily improved and the business in them has been active. Nearly 3,000,000 dollars have been re cently paid in this city alone as dividends. Discount now rules at seven to nine per cent. for paper and money, on call from five to six per annum. The demand for exchange has been to a fair extent ; but the market closes with rather a downward tendency, as the supply is large. FOREIGN EXCHANGES. Exchange on London ... 1084 to 109 Ditto on Paris ... 525t0 5 324 Ditto on Amsterdam ... 401 to 40. Ditto on Hamburgh ... 35* to 35 Ditto on Bremen ... 784 to 78 4 Freights—The rates of freight are to Liverpool for cotton in square bales 5-16 d., and in round id. per lb.; flour, 2s. 6d. per barrel; grain in bulk, 74, 8, to 84d. per bushel for corn and wheat, respectively. To Lon don, 2s. 6d. to 2s. 9d. per barrel for flour, and other articles in proportion. To Havre—Cotton, 4 cent per pound. The message of Governor Johnston, of Pennsylvania. was received in Philadelphia on Saturday night. It is a very voluminous document, but discusses the various and important affairs of the State with such clearness, fair ness, accuracy, and temperateness, that it elicits universal praise. It is ranked with the very best of the documents of a similar character ever produced by a Governor of Pennsylvania. The subject of the relief note currency, now amoun ing to 600,000 dollars, engages much of his attention, and he makes the excellent suggestion that the interest on the State debt be hereafter paid not in this depre ciated paper, but in convertible funds, and urges the re fusal likewise of all money in payment of State dues not convertible into specie. The expenditure of the State during the past four years, on all accounts, have exceeded the receipts by the sum of 248,012 dolls. 19c. The following is a brief summary of the present financial condition of the State:— Dolls. Present debt of the State ... Due of above at Treasury ... Present liability of Treasury ••• Amount of funded debt not demandable at Treasury ... ... 37,445,554 Estimated revenue for current year ... ... 3,151,900 " expenses 3,716,000 PHILADELPHIA, JAN. 9.—The market for flour has been very dull to-day, and the only sales are 1,200 barrels standard Pennsylvania brands, at 5 dolls. 25c. which is now the firm asking rate; there was something of a speculative inquiry at 5 dolls. 12ic., but no seller could be found. Rye flour quiet at 3 dolls. 12fc. Corn meal heavy, at 2 dolls. 75c. to 2 dolls. 87ic. for Pennsyl vania and Brandywine. Wheat in demand, at 110 c. to 112 c. for good reds—sellers want more. Corn scarce, at 60c. for southern yellow. Oats—Southern is worth 32c. Cotton is looking up since the news; some small lots have changed hands, at 'Tic. to Tic. for Uplands. Provi sions—No stock is market. Butter sells at Ile. to llic. Seeds—Clover in demand, at 3 dolls. 50c. to 4 dolls. Whiskey is selling at 25c. for barrels, and scarce. Freights very dull. NEW ORLEANS, JAN. 6.—The rates of cotton to-day amounted to 6,000 bales, at a quarter of a cent advance since the reception of the Europa's advices. Flour con tinued firm. The demand for corn is active, the sales reaching 40,000 bushels, at 45c. Molasses was selling at 19c. Provisions still tend upward. Freights to Liver pool steady. ... 40,424,736 ... 1,031.386 ... 2,376,516 COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, MONDAY. The Royal Family took walking and pony exercise this morning in the Little Park. Her Majesty rode out in a pony phaeton this morn • ing into the Great Park, attended by the Duchess of Sutherland, her Majesty's Equerry attending on horseback. Prince Albert enjoyed the sport of shooting this forenoon. His Royal Highness was attended by the Earl of Morley, Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood, and Captain the Hon. A. Gordon. Her Majesty and Prince Albert dined this evening with her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, at her residence, Frogmore House. The Royal party from the Castle accompanying and attending her Ma jesty and his Royal Highness consisted of the Duchess of Sutherland, Lady Constance Leveson Gower, Hon. Miss Murray, Hon. Miss Macdonald, the Earl of Morley, Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood, Lieutenant- Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps, Captain the llon. A. Gordon, and Major-General Bowles. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, at tended by Baron Knesebeck, left his residence at Kew yesterday, to honour the Marquis of Winchester with a visit, at his seat, Amport House, Hants. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge, attended by her Lady in waiting and Mr. Edmond Mildmay, left Kew yesterday to honour the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort with a visit at Badminton House; Gloucestershire. The Royal Duchess pro ceeded to Paddington, and travelled by the Great Western Railway. Sir John Pelly had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S:YESTERDAY. Several strong commissions were executed on the Chester Cup, the animals most fancied being Blucher, Inheritress, Ellerslie, and Farewell; the first-mentioned two were in immense force, the horse obtaining the pre miership, but the old mare being backed for the most money. Ballinafad and Geraldine were also in favour. Of the other stakes in betting the Metropolitan Han dicap alone calls for a remark; Lugar and Canezou had a host of friends, and left off at very little more than half the odds that were laid before the weights came out. Dacia is considered to be " well in" in all her engage ments. STOURTON STEEPLECHASE. 3 to 1 agst Mr. Henderson's The Doctor—WA: l . 5 to 1 agst Mr. T. Mason,s Prince George—taken LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. 25 to I agst Capt. D'Arcy's Knight of Gwynne—tkn 25 to 1 agst Mr. Brettle's The Curate—taken NORTHAMPTONSHIRE STAKES. Offers to take 20 to 1 about Dacia METROPOLITAN HANDICAP. 12 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's Lugar—taken 15 to 1 agst Lord Stanley's Cauezou—taken 15 to 1 agst Col. Peel's Dacia CHESTER CUP. 25 to 1 agst Mr. Nolan's Blucher—taken 30 to 1 agst Mr. Pedley's Cossack 30 to 1 aget Mr. Greville's Geraldine 33 to 1 agst Mr. Meiklam's Inheritress—taken 40 to 1 agst Mr. Quin's Farewell —taken 40 to 1 agst Colonel Peel's Dacia—taken and after. wards offered 40 to 1 agst Mr. Adams's Ellerslie—taken 50 to 1 agst Mr. B. Green's Sylvan—taken 50 to 1 cost •M. ost Ir. Blake's Ballinafad—taken 50 to 1 aget Mr. Merry's Chanticleer —taken 50 to 1 agst Mr. Osbaldeston's 'ugleman 50 to 1 agst Mr. S. L. Fox's Executor—take 1,000 to 15 3,000 to 30 agst Mr. Par D c's ß N ß l T iss Nipper—taken 4 to 1 agstaLe,to Lord Eglinton's Flying Dutchman tk 7 to 1 agst Colonel Peel's Tadmor 12 to 1 agst Lord Clifden's H one y co m b 25 to agsta s L t Mr.ord s A. t Na Stanley s 6tr i cho l sNu o n n n g y b k ow ak — taken 25 to 40 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's ElthDiaronn—TutakentotaskOln. 30 to 1 ag s t M r . P e dley's Old and afterwards offered 60 to 1 agst Colonel Peel's Indus—taken 500 even laid between Strongbow and Nunnykirk OAKS. • 5 to 1 agst Lord Stanley's Escalade—taken to sth 6 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's Sister to Arkwrigh 20 to 1 agst Duke of Rutland's Nina—taken DEPARTURE OF DR. BOWRING.—The Indus left Southampton on Saturday, with the India mails for Alext;:!dri4. Alninig the passengers was Dr. Bowring, late M . oltoh, who ha s b een appo i nted h er Majesty's Consul r 3-1 in China. Mr. Hume, M.P., an d a . for number of distinguished political and literary friends of the Doctor took leave Df biro on board the Indus. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC There is very little news in the Paris papers of Monday. The liberal 'papers denounce the intrigues of the reactionaries, and the reactionary papers do not now attempt to conceal that intrigues have been going on against the Republic ever since it was proclaimed, and that many of those who accepted it and in order to obtain seats in the Assembly, swore to preserve it, did so only the more easily to betray it. Perjury has ever been considered venial, if not praiseworthy, by the reactionary party. According to the Estafette, there is to be a great meeting to-morrow in Paris of the provincial leaders of the Legitimatist party, in order to concert mea sures for the purpose of bringing about a restoration. The election of M. BOULAY as Vice-President of the Republic is considered as a check given to the Ministry, and the National, considering the speech of M. BOULAY as a protest on the part of the PRESIDENT, Of whom M. BOULAY is the inthnete friend, spinet SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 16th have arrived. The Minister of Marine, Roca DE TOGORES had an attack of apoplexy on the 14th January, from which it is not expected he will recover. The Gaceta contains the following decree of amnesty:— " ROYAL DECREE. " Conformably to the wish of my Council of Ministers, I now decree the following : "Art. 1. The measures adopted by the Government in virtue of the authority conferred upon them by the law of the 13th of March, 1848, shall now terminate, and cease to have further effect. Those persons who, in consequence of that law, are now suffering imprisonment, shall immediately have their entire liberty. ' Art 2. Those persons who, by virtue of the afore said law, have been banished from the Spanish kingdom, may return to these realms on presenting themselves to the various constables, from whom they shall obtain the necessary passports, conformably to the instructions which these respective officers have received from the Government. " Art. 3. The benefits of this decree do not apply to those who, from any circumstance whatever, are amenable to the public tribunals." The Clamor Publico says, " We have heard that the Government seriously thinks of regulating the National Debt. It is even said that the principal bases which the Government intends to adopt are already under discussion in the Council of Ministers." There has been no recent fighting in Catalonia. It was rumoured, but no great degree of credit was attached to the rumour, that CONCHA was endea vouring to enter into negotiations with CABRERA. On the Bth, the corvette Mazarredo and the bri gantine Volador left Barcelona for Gaeta, the first having on board JOSE BUSTILLOS, commander of the Spanish forces in the Mediterranean. It is reported that they are about to convey the Porn to the Ba learic Isles, where arrangements are already made for his reception. MADRID BOLSA, JAN. 16.—Five per Cents., 10, paper ; Three per Cents., 193 cash. Exchange on London, 59 10 paper. GERMANY AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTRIA. The Diet of Kremsier has abolished all distinctions of class, therefore no more nobility will be created. On the 16th the Governor of Vienna, WELDEN, published the 15th bulletin from the army of WIN DISCHGRATZ, stating that a column of the " rebels" under General BEM, after having failed in their attempt to enter Gallicia, via Kaschan, proceeded towards Klausenburg, with the view of penetrating into the Bukowina. The insurgents (it is added) devastated the entire neighbourhood, and drove back to Kinpolung the few troops under Colonel Uatzasl. The latter retreated further into the Bukowina, where he was reinforced by the troops of Lieutenant Field-Marshal MALKowsmr, who were assembled around Czarnowitz. He again acted on the offensive, and drove the insurgents as far as Watra Dorna. Meantime Baron HAMMERSTEIN had GO 0.1114,1, se n.,,..., as Lain ucl Ul ia-uops and stationed them near Stry. It is stated in the army bulletin that the " brave peasants" supported the military placed along the Gallician frontiers, and vowed death to all insurgents who should attempt to penetrate. All the passes leading to Hungary are strictly guarded by the imperialists. On the 13th instant, Count ALTHANN'S troops entered Papa, after " clear ing" the Oldenburg and Eisenburg comituts. It was his (ALTHANN's) intention to push on in the direc - tion of Wessprim and the Bakonyian forest, in which some of the dispersed troops of Perczel had assem bled. On the 13th, the brigade of Baron NEUSTADT had an engagement near Assod with a portion of the enemy, during which the imperialists lost the distinguished Lieutenant. Colonel Baron GERAMB. It is asserted in the proclamation that the imperialists successfully returned the tire of the enemy. A bri gade of General Sistoxicies had marched from Neu tra towards Verebelly. The Austrian Correspondent of Olmutz speaks thus of the invasion of General BEM, on the authority of a letter from Lemberg, dated Jan. 2 :—" As soon as this news was known, General Mui° was sent into the circles of the south-east to organise the land sturm there. This invasion has produced a lively sen sation, as we learn that the custom-house officers along the frontiers of Hungary have been displaced by General BEM. In consequence of this measure, a dispatch arrived here to-night by which two bat talions of infantry have started to• day from Lem berg, with the intention of marching towards the Hungarian frontier." The following proclamation was posted at Lemberg on the 10th : " Gallicia and the Bukowina are declared to be in a state of siege, as well as the city and territory of Cra. cow. In consequence:-1. All the peasantry shall be disarmed, with the exception of the public functionaries and the Custom house officers. 2. The civil authority shall be in subordination to that of the military. 3. N o public journal shall be published excepting the G azet t e of Lemberg, the Gazette of Cracow, and auy other s that may have special permission; no paper of any descrip tion shall be printed or published wiiticut authority. 4. All clubs and associations are suppressed 5. All crowds are fobidden. 6. The greatest rigour will be observed in regard to passports.—The following persons shall be arrested, brought before the Council of War, and, if found guilty. puffer death:-1. Those who shall secrete arms, or b. f,tind with arms in their hands. 2. Those who shall exctie revolt, either by words or writing, thine who stop ti ,e couriers, attack persons or property, asst, the r‘ si,r+ ad false reports, Img out or hoist up &editions c,-lours, those who shall b arrested with passprc, and tho., who hiLder the c.,nveyance of provizdot.s to t!:e Iropetiil troops. Gen,ral Commandant thlotn , r,A , ii: invites the inhabitants to f;ssi,t th,-- civil uutliori.its in their elfo:ts to prevent the country be coming subject to the horrors of civil war." Letters from Lemberg state that Lieutenant- Colonel SPRINGFELT had defeated BEM._ It is, how ever, not very probable that such is the case, because Baist ha 3 expelled the Austrians from Cynnovitz, an important town in the Bukowina, situate on the Purth, near the frontiers of GAllicia, and has there established himself; the Szelkers have, at the same time, taken Cronstadt from the Imperialists, so that the as hole of Transylvania is now in possession of the Magyars, who have regained in the East what they lost in the West. The' Breslau Gazette of the 17th says— "The Aus r.an trcops c .nitnan led by Niajor General Worthier have been beater. near to Dees, and compelled to retire upon Bistriz, where the Imperial tro ,ps are collected together, amounting to nearly 12,000 men. " It is r ported that the Magyars have ob'ained a victory over J( llachich, near Ke,liemet. The battle is sail to have been very sanguinary, 10,000 men having been slain en both sides, and the first corps of the army is statel to have fled. This news stands in need of con firmation, but it is net unlikely to be true. " The fortress of Leopoldstadt, upon the Waag, has not yet surrendered. Bayer, the commandant, declares that he will rather perish than open the gates to the Austrians. The fortress of Comorn likewise still holds oat; but the commandant will in a short time be com pelled to surrender, unless Prince \Vindischgratz should accept hi , proposals." The Journal of Austrian Lloyd's announces the arrival at Trieste of the Turkish Ambassador at the court of Athens (Mussußus EFFENDI). He was received with the usual honours, and was to proceed to Olmutz, in order to congratulate, in the name of the Sultan of TURKEY, the Emperor FRANCIS - JosErn on his accession to the throne. PRUSSIA. The Prussian Staats Anzeiger of the 20th January publishes two projects of law relating to the ad ministration of communes, and of provinces and districts. Those bills (which will be laid be fore the Chambers shortly after their convocation) set forth that all exemptions from the communal land or house times are abolished (except in cases where the State taxes of the above kind are not re quired) ; that every Prussian twenty-four years of age, who has been a resident in his commune during one year, and who is in full possession of all his civic rights, is eligible for all the offices in the communes, and that the qualification for communal electors are land or house property of the value of from 200 thalers (301.) to 500 thalers, according to the popu lation of the respective communes; or clear y e arly incomes, varying also according to population, from 150 thalers (about 221.) to 200 thalers. It is pro posed to elect the members of the communal councils for three years, and to pay the burgomasters. Some of the candidates in Silesia are holding out to the peasantry the prospect of a division of landed property. Every endeavour is made to secure the return of the reactionary candidates to the Diet. The officers of the army, who are reactionists to a man, have summoned their soldiers and commanded them how they are to vote—the clergy preach in favour of the reactionaries—and the Roman Catholic bishops have issued pastoral letters, denouncing the opposers of the Government, BAVARIA. Several meetings have been held in Bavaria and Wirtemberg, at which resolutions have been passed in favour of the election of the Emperor of AUSTRIA as Emperor of GERMANY. SAXONY. The Saxon Diet was opened on the 17th by the KING in person. His MAJESTY was received with great enthusiasm. In the course of the Speech from the Throne, the KING thus speaks of the Consti tution " The present Diet is opened at an importaat epoch of the history of Germany. The work of the Consti tution will be speedily finished. Let us hope that it will secure the national liberty, and an enduring union that will be manifest to all at home and abroad, and my Government will not hesitate to do all in its power to assist in the realisation of these great objects. • Nor less, gentlemen, do I reckon on your support when the per formance of those duties assigned to you by the Consti tution shall be required of you." It was officially stated by one of the Ministers during the sitting that, like all the other laws passed by the National Assembly in Frankfort, the one re lating to bills of exchange would have been promul gated in Saxony, did not that law require some addi tional provisi,ns for that kingdom. Those provisions would be submitted without delay to the chambers. With respect to the fundamental rights of the Ger man nation, as voted by the Frankfort Assembly, the Saxon Government did not feel justified in publishing them until they had been submitted to the Chambers with a proposition specially relating to them. This Ministerial declaration embodies a principle which is disallowed by the Frankfort Assembly., viz., the right of the separate Government to come to s concordance with the above Assembly respecting the future Con,titution for Germany. Among the inter nal reforms announced by the KING in his Speech, were the separation of the administration of justice from the State, the simplifying of the law and the rendering it cheaper, and the removal of several bur dens on land. An improved system of national edu cation is also promised. SICILY. The English ship of war Bellerophon arrived at Naples on the 11th from Palermo. The neutral lines were respected by both the Sicilian and the Neapoli • tan armies, and the island was perfectly tranqw when the Bellerophon left. ITALY. The intelligence from Italy which we have quoted in our French correspondence from the Turin corres' pondent of the National, appears to be confirmed by the intelligence published in the Alba of Florence. The Alba of the 15th instant say s th a t t h e ar rival at Gaeta of Count MARTINI, extraordinary envoy fr° o the Sardinian Government, has given rise to sons discussions relative to the proper formalities not being observed on his part, and the doubts that exist as a good understanding existing between Piedmont an _ the Government of Rome. It was even sa id t h a t Ow envoy would be recalled. He has been received 1, 1 the POPE only in his private capacity. The Amber • sador of France is a stranger to all negotiations, al l to all appearance is neglected by the POPE. The utmost indifference is manifested at Rothe for the menace of excommu n i ca ti on . Th e Ranl a,, .-- journals deny altogether the right of their faille SOVEREIGN to rely on a decree ot the Council of Dien; which has only reference to church livings. The Romans themselves would be perfectly willing to se Is the POPE back as Bishop o f R ome ; persona lly be popular, but they are determined—and in this deter, mination they are joined by th e w h o l e population by the Roman territory—to be no l onger gover ned v.-Y. an elective monarchy. They cons id er , mor eover' that at Gpeta the POPE is not a fr ee agen t, b u t he is coerced by Austria and Naples, This I , te receives some confirmation from th e ex t reme diffiet l 7 that exists in obtaining nn interview with th e For , . IL Is necessary to traver se thi r t een draw-br id g es 3 0 order to reach his apartments. all On the 12th a mob in the f orum attempte d to Poa down the Pontifical ar ms . Th ey were at once fir'„t on by the Civic Guard and dispersed. Every atter r o , at disturbance is at once put down by the authoril's o The Minister of War has ordered a body cavalry, 800 strong, to be ever accoutred and l readiness to pounce a t once on e i t h er foreign a domestic breakers of the public peace. A conspiracy was discovered on the 13th 9 05°I ff the officers of the line to effect a revolt in favour 0 , the restoration of the temporal power of the r °? ,s The Minister of War, in s t ea d of causing military 7 0 to be enforced accordin g t o th e regular forn39lc,jed only exiled those offic ers f rom the State and dett:e'ao them of their rank. A mong the conspirators was ' O , Duke BONELLI, who had lately come from Go 0 1 where he had been admitted to the consultati on the Camarilla. cle The following pape r h as b een extensively place r at Leghorn We, the Supreme People, by the grace of Ge cl '„ B lo7 have decreed, and do d ecree, that all Popes, beginner, w ith Pius IX., sh a ll b e d epr i ved of their temporal P° the and especially those who shall exhibit themselves as t he enemies of the Italian union. We, the people, with an d power which w as , an d a l ways will be, that of G°,",rith the people, gi ve to Pi us IX . our malediction, au°,,jent the most sol emn ana th emas, proclaim him to have ev in the name of God an d th e peop l e. The power °"col• communication is henceforward at an end, and the A t ha loge of the Cardin a l s s h a ll f or the future be st yle" Colle g e of Hell (C;ollegio dell' Inferno)," It was said th a t official intelligence had been Free ceived at Florenc e o f th e i n t ervent i on o f the Fr e at Civita Vecchia. There were some disturbances on the 1 ,., 311i a cl Genoa, which were repressed by the National u ll t ,a, The Constituente Italiana, of the 14th of Jelfiliodo publishes an energetic protest from the Lote.o_ s o f Venetian emigrants against the pretended el'ectioVbe Lombard Deputies to the Diet at Krelnsier• to Lombardo-Venetian emigrants declare traitel:7.,tin. their country all who shall accept a represeitlo.o imposed by vi o l ence an d corrupt i on, an d they de c,ld votea void and of no effect all m o ti ons , speec hes, 33 ,n su ch made, or to be made i n th e A ustrian Diet 4 pretended deputies,