The Sun. — London, England, 1849-07-18 00:00:00

~._~ ..y, Aug. 9f ~ tallow tol. shire, bat. orth-pkice , ner and m. I, Stafford er, f ustise use.: guar t ailor and of Wigh t, addingter, , tailor and innkeeper Baer ifortb and -basoe, rehant--J. )n dealer. lane, Citi,f L i verpool , one, Kea , Martin's la J. fo r T. Higs°, (l 2 I re, posr er, manalso; )er's-yar d ' %V. Side. far as re' , provismo chemists Mattherf Cancellort ch I, Fr WAY' Seams° , ers---. „ 6 " Leld, pel Wee. , s—F. re , poll" er ft poP rebate' re, stone ", w ine so wker igli id drape r ' man. d cooly' ousen3fil l • , to toeel .4 Aug. I"' —Gene withon . M I ointaieo iver Sites fq ef ease A Ow on' Bail Lines ents. — get he hod to the Inside; IS 60 r i° Lao id had worked favourably, and he begg , d him to forego his "e opinion on this occasion, and give leave to bring in this Bill. Tne case o f o ther labour e rs m i g ht he consi dered when they came forward. He thought it would e a bad e ff ect to take from these poor people all hope. The number with their families, in the metropolis, was ?bout five and twenty thousand. He did not think that interference would be incompatible with the spirit and genius of their free institutions. They should, at all events, see whether something could not be done to re needy the evils of which they complained. Mr• COBDEN said that, to ask the. House to fix the ?lira of labour of adult persons, was asking them to Wept a new principle. The principle of the Coalwhip- Pers Bill was the amount of labour, not the time spent 11 P o e it• His principle was perfect freedom of labour, as Illartdhley trade of corn an d everyt hi ng e l se . Th e re was a trade th a t cou ld not b e prove d to b e no xious to P rue e xtent. If they begun with the principle of inter ference on this subject, there was no knowing where it W eald end. The principle they were asked to sanction Was nothing but communism. It had been tried in Paris las di t Year, and the working classes were doomed to severe u, 3a Ppointtnent from the failure of this attempt. Louis '` .l ane had sat in the Luxemburg, and invited all the shoemakers and tailors, and the mass of the operatives, i n ° , : w erk; and what was the result? A bloody revo lution, arising mainly from the misery and disap ratraent it occa s i one d. T he a t tem pt would assuredly l in this country now, for the grievances of these ba ort If their grievances were so great, why did so many Why not come so far from the north to undergo them? not leave the trade to the Londoners ? He t e ressed he l oo k e d w i th susp i c i on upon th ese cow :aints. He sh ou ld vote aga i nst t h e p r in c iple of at el:tilling to manage th e a ff a irs of adult males in this r Y. -- --(Hear.) H e warne d the House against the consequences that would follow from the attempt to sneer upon thi s pr i nciple. It woul d not only end in a ppointment, b ut i n ma ki ag t h e con di t i on o f t h e working classes worse than it was now.—(Hear.) Sir, G. GREY said that they had opposed the ap pointment of a Committee of Inqniry, because to grant it w ellld be • - the House..couragin4 delusive hopes, and because they had already a mass of information on this subject before If they sanctioned this principle once, t hy e L r oerdwee carried. no it to the extent to which it might be ROBERT GROSVENOR said that as the Go merriment held out no hope of its assistance, it would be me.aessary to go to a division, that these poor people iglu r ea ll y (Rear see who were their friends . in that House.— fr .) In every instance in which they had deviated otti the principle so much denounced, it had been fol lowed by unmixed good, and he f e lt convin ce d that th e sanction of a deviation in the instance of the bakers, tould be followed by equally beneficial consequences. tie should persevere in this motion, in order that the bakers might see what chances they had of success. The Rouse then divided, when there appeared— For leave to bring in the Bill 19 Against it ... ..• ••• ••• 77 Majority against the Bill ... —ss SMITHFIELD MARKET. _ ,_Mr. MACKINNON rosee Committee tocallthe on Smithfieldattentiono Market. In the few of the geese to the report of th words he had to state he treated that he should have the indulgence of the House. In the first place, he wished to state that he did not seek the office of chairman of the Committee. Two distill gtaished Members of the House having declined to take up the question, the ditty fell upon him, and he under took it. In naming a Committee, he selected eight Members of the Committee who sat upon the an interesteinquiryin 18 47, and as man y ot h er gentlemen who felt in the quest i on merely as it concern(d the epnr rest wht health and conveni ence , b ut a h o b a d no personal ins ever in th e remova l of Smithfield market. He theught i t right distin c tly to Sla O. that it was B°ll3 t , parties that this question was brought forward thought by With a v i ew to peculiar interests. On behalf 14 himself and the Committee he most distinctly Vad positively rebutted that charge. Not one of the , m r. ad any interest as to the site of any new act s and t h erefore he thought he might claimfor m the , report t h e credit of being the unbiassed conclusion 015 honest and honourable re .n. He would now, in a 'yore' few words, state to the Roue,- the nature of that eport. It was, in brief, that Smithfiel 1 market was de- ficient in size, i nconvenient in accommodation, and badly situated, and therefore it ought to be abolished.—(Hear, Committee e here a new market should be established the Ministers. left t ee was happy to state that the motion he :o...iii, about make was sanctioned by public opini in. vr tlle had been gratified that day by seeing, in what the '"'on• Member for Sheffield called the " great Bade light of public opinion"—the 7 imes— tri article stro thet°ndemnetory of the continuauce of the market. Ante se at moment, when we had the chol e r a amongst us, „.. importance of the question would be admitted. It g,711,5e with much how a few thousands might be pro aiedsty,sabeubticeheetrse meat, but how two millions of her might be kept in health. The r eport a the Committee was to the effect that in the lined. first place the arena of Smithfield market was too It wa s was a ap e , f singular fact that it had been in exist -84:" 'aye hundred years, and even at the commence n"leas objected to as isufficient. How much ! more e ovv, when the pop u l a tion was tenfold greater be !hof the objections to le removal of the market would at the OOO/Corp ora t ion of London would lose between, ioii. and 6 ,000/. of yearly revenue. He did not see beattzwadas: uaeY objection' because that amount might easily by giving them a share in the tolls levied on th e p be lasts sent t o the new market; besides which, tho ug h ra k.a Co is recomme n d e d t h at a square s h oul d b e ee l t , cl ear on th e s i te of the present market, yet the large ilp-set nandsonee hous es t h at m i ght b e built on that square, uld als o tend to compensate the City for any loss. To . 4 114 vr the insufficiency of space it was only n ecessary to leoll e, that in 1731 the total number o f catt l e 4 ta- n e to market duri ng th e y ear was 8 -e ; whereas, in 1846, there was 310,000 th -ezt ` l 3llght of cattle, an d 1,600.000 s h eep; that, he conclusive as to the insufficiency of the '"' 11 - In 182 8 a Committee reported against it OR this 'ground. But besides this objection, the market created r ll est injury t o t h e grazier, to the public, and to the teher. It created an injury to the grazier, because he ~,,,t °llld not s uper i ntend the sale of his own cattle. The ' 4l ° o :lent they arrived at Smithfield they were placed at 'the disposal of a salesman, and considering the depressed m 4 tate of the agricultural interest at the present time, that ITist be considered a great grievance. It would be a T great advantage to the grazier if he could have the it4nosel of his own cattle. That conclusion was l aPPorted by the evidence of many persons practically acquainted with the subject, all of whom agreed that - under the present system it was impossible for the 'owner to sell his cattle at his own valuation. He must take what the salesman gave him. Gr ea t as this inconvenience and loss might be to the payers, l b e ea w lth as of of opinion that t h e l oss and• injury to the t nfold greater impor tance . the public wastt of id ev . 7 rice that the circumstances rnfss 'under re w o h r ic O h w a e n n gave imalswere driven to mark et , an d t h e way in which they were slaughtered, was calculated to mak e it putrify much sooner thanitowouldos Mme. t,her vise The p do, and rt ;tha t i t was consequent l y most nwbioo ' 1 or said that there was no country inthe r world ar. 'where so muc h pa i ns was t a k en to bring a sup nio eicle to the market, and none when brought there was so •ill-used. One of the results was, that cancer was :Much more frequent among the lower classes than at any of peri o d. H i Ile did not undervalue the mpor. 'lll drainage, but urged the necessity of the meat '4lau fShtere.l at Smithfield was a matter that ought to be 'considered in connexion with public health. Another point, thou g h o f l ess importance, was the driving of tne Anorals through the streets on the Sunday evening, and the desecration of the Lord's-day, besides the dag ger to life and limb which arose from the practice. At this moment Smithfield was most unhealthy, from the .110xious vapours arising from the slaughter-houses in that vicinity ; though naturally, he believed, that as it l aY on a rising ground, it was very healthy. They had also evidence to show that it was a source of loss ,a nd in , to the butchers; and if it was so, and also, as e b e had shown, injurious to the graziers, who paid for it rl:aal_ _the lone run ? Why the public had to pay for it in an uced ' price of meat. The mode in which the animals %.' re drawn into a ring to economise space was produc ltve o f ,_ ase great cruelty, and this, though no very string 'lionnot t or the removal of the market, was a considerate ,tattle and do beheeleost sight of. The large number of foreign 'which, especially eWhich were now imported, many of p ox and the other sheep, wer e i n f ecte d w i th small greater dise ases, formed a not h er reason why in a map should be given for the .It was, ''wereetr c ases, impossible to tell whether market these animals l ~o ese isea closesed or n ot, and when they were driven into pens, they infected clean sheep. He knew of ...tohn_e flec;k.of. 2,000 which was thus infected. Say what _e rl y might in favour of Smithfield -market, it was a nui -1.110ee; and so far from the corporation of the city of 4 4 ndon losing by its removal, he believed they would b enefit b ' y it. He monslbelieved t h e corporation was unani eyin_ favour of its removal.—(Alderman Sidney— , no-) He understood the Aldermen were so. - Mr. Alde rman SIDNEY reminded the Hon. Gentle /n.141 that the C ommon Council represented the Corpora tion of the city of London.—.) „Mr. MACK INNON (Laug,ht er only referr e d to the Court of for cent eseiderasen. At all event s , th ere could be no doubt that belie At it h a d b een an abomination.—(H ear. ) H e ved it was only now maintained by a collusion be ll ,loose n it the salesmen and other parties who were i n t ereste d I , and by that means meat was mad e a t l east 2d. a !ore] dearer than it would otherwise be. It was curious 1 h t the market had been for centuries the scene of in -1 sslerance and cruelty. Ignorance had supplied witches egad religious bigotry its victims in Smithfield-marker. --(Hear.) The subjsct was one too i n the hands of a private Member importantittwas one which t ob e e e l h e l f d t only be dealt with by the Government,i which . should, in his oninion, issue a commission to neveees.timgaatrekethteeswhohoollde subject, and decide where the site of be, and whether there should be one or two in I with other questions incidentally connected with the future,sub- I l eo% It had been suggested to him that the slaughterine t .1 cattle could be carried on by machinery, and the an i me l i leprived of existence without being subjected to all the 1 Ain and brutality which characterised the existine I Ystew. He thought the plan recommended a good one, I ud taken in conjunction with the establishment of 4 battoi rs , would be productive of great benefit. publicln A vent of thi s ta ki ng place the price of butchers' the me et A - could fall, an d t h e qual i ty of the meat sold to the üblic It meld be m ore w h olesome. The motion which hep Pi toed sub m i tt i ng was, that a respectful address be pre. pre at 'rated t o h er Majesty, praying that the report of the mithfield market Committee be taken into early and Si Thous consideration. Mr. 0 GORE seconded the motion. Mr. OSBO RNE regretted that the Hon. Gentleman, 4 'Stead of bringing forward the p.esent motion, had not /tieesevered with his Bilt ter the prevention of burials in %set's, which wag a practically useful measure. If it °. ild he proved that the present position of Smithfield tea. rket ha Pantightinterfered seriously with the public health, then a case had been made out that the Govern. THE SUN, ment should interfere. Tile Hon. neetdeineu.e see, however, did Lot, in opinion, snake out the case. Indeed the speech was not borne out by the evidence taken before the Committee. The Honourable Gentle man did wisely in abstaining from reading passages in the report, because he mwet he aware that the great proportion of this evidence is directly against the asser tions that he had made. Upwards of seven millions of money turned in Smithfield-market, and before they interfered with so large an amount of proparty he thought a good case at last ought to be made out.— (Hear.) It was all very fine for some old ladies to ask the [lon. Member as a iriend to his specirs to come down to Parliament and ask the Government to remove Smithfield-market, because the tea• parties on their se cond floors had been disturbed by the intrusion of some bullocks; but the experience of the butchers, graz:ers, and medical men, directly showed that the market was neither injurious to public health nor inconvenient. With the exception of Dr. Govin, all the medical men examined before the Committee stet , d that the position of the market was peculiarly healthy. There had been only one case of cholera. in 1832. Dr. Govin was the solitary doctor who contended for its unheelehiness, while Dr. F trtesque, Dr. Lancaster, Dr. Lynch, Dr. Burrowes, Mr. Lawrence, and the Hen. Mr. Bytig, as well as the inspector of sewers, gave it as their opi nion that the locality was peculiarly healthy—that the wide open space was most beneficial to the city of London, and conducive to the public health. They had four to one in favour of Smithfield-market thus verifying the adage that doctors differed. Out of the 6,480 questions asked by the Committee in the course of their inquiry, no less than 5,000 of the owners were favourable to the continuance of the market. The question of health then fell to the ground, for there was not one word in the report about the public health. The movement on the part of those who thought with the Hon. Gentleman was nothing more or less than an English pull at the Exchequer. The city of London received about 5,0001. per annum from the market; and, of course, if the market were abolished, the ground would become valuable for building purposes. In order to prevent the site being converted to such a use, what a large sum would not the Consolidated Fund be called on to lay out for its purchase! It became the House, when they considered carefully the state of the finances, to reflect how far a private Member of Parliament was justified in calling on the Government to expend a sum of money in the purchase of a site which was not in jurious to the health. Besides the medical gentlemen whose names he had mentioned as being favourable to the continuance of Smithfield-market, he might mention that Dr. Cdnqusst had given evidence to the effect that there was not a more healthy district in London, or one less affected with either fever or cholera. When the Hon. Gentleman talked of tea parties on the first floor being disturbed by the intrusion of bullocks, he wished he would move for a return of those intrusions.—(A laugh.) Mr. Payne, the City Coroner, a gentleman well known and highly respected, had given evidence, in the course of which he stated that during seven years he had held but two inquests on persons trampled to death by bul locks, but those deaths would hay , occurred, in all pro bability-, no matter where the market was situated. Did the Hon. Gentleman mean to tell him that the small pox in sheep had been brsught on by the confi ied site of Smithfield? If so, why were not the bullocks affected? The Hon. Gentleman did not suppose that they could put each sheep into a loose box. If he thought so, the Government certeinly would have enough to do in fur nishing loose hoses. Alderman SIDNEY thought the difficulties of the mere removal of Smithfield-market, and the compensation tor that removal was the minor question in that debate. The value of the market was not iii the tola paid to the city of L indon; but in the commerce brought to an immense amount to the market.-- (Hear, hear.) The value o' cattle sold in Siniinfield. market was est;meted between seven and eight mil lions annually. Upon what grounds, he wished to know, should the House interfere with the channel of c im rnerce so extensive in its nature as that of the Smith field-market. It they determined that Smithfield mar ket was to he closed as a market, then h., viought they were bound to s-c the vested interests of the Corpora tion protected, Toe Haase pail the C ,rptration of London a poor compliment in wasting their time discus sing the present qua stion. The Corporation had already entertained the qiiestion without prejudiced views. and out of 226 Members, of which the Corporation con• sister!, only 12 were in favour of the remora! of Smith field market. Sir DE LACY EVANS said there had been a &al of lest labour in the forming of the Committee, and something, he thought, very like packing, and a desire to exclude certain Honourable Members from sitting upon it. He could not sea on what principle that should be done. He himself had been excluded from it. Under such circumstances, it could only be concluded that they (the Committee) had made up their minds upon the subj ct.—(Hear, hear.) The great ground urged against Smithfield was, that it was not adequately large enough for the purpose. He thought, however, the statement that bad been made, that the Corporation of London were resolved to make it so, met that objection. In the event of Smithfield being removed, they had to recollect that comp .nsation would be demanded, and he was told that one of the v-ry first items the Chancellor of the Exchequer would have to put down, would be 100,0001 compensation for the removal of Smithfield market.—(Hear, hear.) His Hon. Friend had said that he did not mean to interfere with private slaughter houses; and yet he at the same time proposed to re move Smithfield, while he allowed the nuisance of the private slaughter-houses to remain. There could be no doubt that the Corporation of London would make a claim for compensation, and that point was one which should be taken into consideration. It seemed that toe public would not go to Islington-market, and now au attempt was made to make them.—(Hear, hear.) Hav ing been prevented sitting on the Committee, he had risen to make the few observations he had addressed to the House on the subject. Sir EDMUND FILMER said that when he took his seat upon the Committee he had endeavoured to du his duty. The question among the witnesses was not so much as to the propriety of removing Smithfield-market as that of rival parties cutting against each other. It was six of one and half-a-down of the other—and one could never know what they were driving at.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) He was persuaded it could not be otherwise with their Committees unless they had power, as the Committees in another place had, of taking the evidence upon oath.--(Hear, hear.) Lard ROBERT GROSVENOR said that there were in the neighbourhood of Smithfield market knat.k,re yards, bone-burning establishments, and nuisances of i to ts, t l h f e ._ h ( ea u l e tb ar, o h f inh T a h b e i t a e n v t i s d e t n h c a e n w e e nv t e such a characte r w hi c h h e thought were more injurious n to th p e ro l v e e er th k a e t t ea th r. e ) the market was too small, and that there was no room to niarge it sufficiently to meet the demands of the popu lation. As to th e quest i on of compensation, h a denied taut Smithfield was pro d uc i n . any profit enied adequate to entitle the Corporation to eauP en 'n. also that the i n h a b itants of the net ahattr He thought eurh ?tad were not entitled neon any just grounds to compens a ti on .—g ear , hear.) He was_ very sorr y t h at any individual should suffer loss, but in changes and imp rovements of thekind contemplate 1, individual losses could net possibly b. prevented. The Corporation of London lied a claim over the market within seven miles of St. Paul's, and he was quite willing that the Cerperation should hue the management of the new market. His opinion was, that a Commission should be eppoi , ?ted to see where a pro per site could be obtained. Coa.idering th it all the evidence went to show that Smithfield never could be made a suitable marker, he conceived that a Cemosis sion should be appointed in concert with that Corpora tion, and he thought an arrangement might be made satisfactory to all parties. . . . Mr. B. OABORNE rose to explain, and said with re ference to what had been stated by his Noble Coll-ague (Lord R. Grosvenor) as to the income of the Corpora tion for Smithfield—he (Mr. Osborne) held in his hand a return according to which it appeared that the income of the Corporation for Smithfield-market, in 1848 was 5,6411. 9s. 10:1.—(Hear. hear.) Lord R. GROSVENOR said he was still of opinion that if everything was taken into account the Corporation of London did not receive one shilling of income from Smithfield-market,—(Hear. hear.) Mr, AUGUSTUS STAFFORD said the question as to the effects of the mar;iet upon the sanatory c , ndit:on of the neighbourhood had been sufficiently established. He thought many of the vestions and answers might fairly be termed superfluous, and that the report had been unnecessarily swelled out in consequence. It was to be observed that every year the supply of dead meat brought inea London was largely increased, and that fact had not been taken into nec 'tint. It was stated in one of the resolutions that it was desirable that one great cattle-market only should exist in London, and that re gard should be paid to have it near to a great railway terminus. But he would remark that as it was proposed not to touch private slaughter-houses, the evil complained of by the existence of the market of Smithfield would not be remedied by its removal, if private slaughter-houses were still to be permitted to remain. He believed that only a very few butchers in London were in favour of the removal. He believed also that years aeo the market at Islington had been opened, and as ample space had been provided it was thought that the butchers would flock to it. A flaming prospectus had been issued, anal among the names of the patrons he found that of William Mackinnon, M.P.—(Hear.) But notwithstanding all that had been provided, notwithstanding the flaming prospectus, notwithstanding that his i fonourahle Friend the Chairman of the Smithfield market Committee (Mr. Mackinnon) figurel as one of the trustees and honorary directors, the butchers had not flocked to the new market, and Smithfield had not been ruined as had been antici pated.—(Hear) In regard to the cruelty part of the question, it was said, that tying up cattle in ring grooves, as was down in Smithfield, was an act of great cruelty ; but it was the fact, that some cattle would not stand anywhere else, and besides, the system was not now nearly so much practised as it was wont to be. Sheep had been alluded to, and the cruelty p-actised to them; but in the case referred to the sheep did not catch the disease in the market, tor they had contracted it before they came there. No doubt there were cases in which cruelty was exercised, hut he considered that where there wore 5..) many cattle it would be difficult to avoid some eases cruelty, and he did net see how in some in stances, they could he avoidsd. The crueltids perpetra ed in euaterraneen slaughter-houses, and the question es to the b me-burners and tripe•trimmers, they had nothing to do with. They might be put down by legislative enactment ut present, but none of the pirti.s who owned these had ever been brought before a magistrate under the Removal of Nuisances Act that he had ever heard of, nor had any complaint eve r been preferred atr '' ai est them. g One p o i nt had not been alluded to during the and which he thought important. Smithfield was now used, to a considerublo extent, as a transit market. Cattle wore sent ua by the railways from the agrcultural dis tricts to S:uithfi.ld, for th., purpose of being transferred to other districts, so that a continual transfer took plJc. from the south to the north side of the water, and in that respect a large business was now carried on. In that r. t, thi•refor., : out e esoeed e, tee eo . , be no UV' in th st respect. It they placed the ins' !tee in the country, how were they to get the cat le to it ? By reilsvey ? Why the evidence taken be fore the Committee went to show that driving cattle for five or six miles on a railway injured them; that while they might be driven long distances by rail without iejury, conveying them short distances spoiled them, and that they had better be walked. How, then, in the case of Irish, Scotch, and Dutch cat tle, coming from all the steamboat and railway stations, in and around London, could they arrange the mode of conveying them to market? But the fair way to have put the question to the House would have been, was the House prepared wholly to charge the system of supply ing meat to the people of this great metropolis? '1 hat view of the case involved so many questions, all mixed up the one with the other, that. it was most Lk ly soy tourteeu men, as well as the Committee they h sd now to do with, would, in considering it, be far more apt to point out inconveniences than remedies. There was not a doubt that it they removed the market from where it now was, they would increase the price of mean; but there was still another inconvenience to encounter. Suppose they remoy d it to the outskirts of London— to a place where there were few, or, perhaps, no houses, in the meantime, but who did not see that in this advancing aed extending metropolis that the place which they might now select free from dwelling houses, might not in a few years, even before the new market buildings were completed, be surrounded with them, so that there would soon be as much anxiety rot the removal of that as there were now for the removal of Smithfield-market. At all events, before they removed the present market, let them show satisfactorily how they were to provide for it in another place. His Hon. Friend who had introduced the subject, had alluded to a machiue which had been invented for killing cattle, which, he said, worked exceeding well, but which had never been introduced in Smithfield; and he had also stated that the price of meat was higher in London than it was anywhere else, in consequence of Smithfield market. But that he denied; for although there might be some prices dearer, and some cheaper, than in the country, upon the average there was no difference in price whatever. No doubt, and the butchers themselys s had whispered into his ear, that if gentlemen at the west•end of the town, in large houses, did not pay their Butchers' bills due in 1849, till 1851, the butcher was jus tified in charging a per centaee for laying out of his money, bui, that did not affect the general price of meat. Much had been said about the bruises. the cattle received, and the effect these had on the meat; but they had it in evidence that most of these were received in the course of transmission by railway, or at all events before they reached the market, so that with that matter, in talking of the removal of Smithfield, they had nothing to do. The Hon. Gentle man proposed that a Bill should be passed, authorising Government Commissioners to purchase forty or fifty acres of land, on which to erect a market in place of Smithfield; but the Chancellor of the Exchequer would no doubt see that this land, if bought, would have to be paid for, and would not be so ready in giving his sanc tion to such a measure. The House, however, was now celled upon to adopt a motion which would compel the Government into taking such a step, and to such a mo-ion he could not give his support. Sir JOHN TYRELL said he believed Smithfield was in some respects used as a transit market, but he believed at the same time that had they a market fitted up with proper convent- uses for the keep of cattle, and with a p , oper supply of water attached to it, so that cattle could be lop; teere until a market answering the expectations of the seller, it would be of great advan tage. Just now they were obliged to sell, good market ec bed, es there was ne place for keep, and besides, from the ready transit to it by radeay and ste-amers from all qua tern, it was one of the most gambling markets; out that would be put an end to were the system he had stated adopted. Representing the county he did, it might be exp cud of him to support the present market, and he could not deny that in a cemacereial point of view it was a convenience to have the market ne sr tne Bank of England; but he could not go along with all the commendations bestowed upon Smithfield by the Hen. Metebe, for Middlesex (Mr. Osborne), who was called the butchers' pet—(L.,ugh - er)—and who, he be sieved, was to be feasted at a fish dinner after this at ti mpt to remove it had been defeated—along, of course, with those who had aided him in causing that defeat.— (Laughter.) Upon the whele, he thought that Govern m nt ought to take up the matter, and ascertain whether or not it would be for the advantage of the public t 3 have another place provided for such market. Mr. ORNIS 3Y GORE said the object of the Hon. Memb r who bad introduced the subject was more for the purpose of ascertaining the opinion of the Govern• went upon it than with a view to coerce them into the consideration of it. The health part of the question he considered the least important part, although that the present market was dstrimental to the health of the in habitants of the surrounding locality had been fully es tablished. Professor Owen, Dr. Aldis, Mr. Grainger, and a person named Grimesby, whose wife had died of fever, caught by malaria, had all given decided evidence in that respect. In regard to what had neon said about Smithfield being a transit market, that was one of the strongest reasons why it should be extended or removed to another place, for it was at present too small for any such purpose. The fact, however, was, that Smithfield had alw sys been considered a nuisance— for the past 300 years it hail been so, for at that time 1,6001. was laid out in paving it, in order to keep down the malaria arising from it. It should be also borne in mind that the Aldermen and the Board of Trade peti tioned against this market in Smithfield, and that they expressed a desire that the cattle market should not be less than 12 acres. He would refer the House to the resolve of the people of Manchester and to other large towns, which entered into a resolution to remove the cattle markets outside the town, and this was well worthy of consideration, as it had been already proved before the Committee that there were in 1830 no less a number than 189,000 sheep and 30,000 cattle, and in 1846, 210,000 sheep and 50,800 cattle, and that in a space of 5i acres. Such a state of things required to be consi dered by Government, and he hoped that such a pesti lent nuisance would be removed as immediately as would suit the convenience of the public. Mr. MACKINNON said that his motive for thus pressing the motion was, that many Hon. Members con sidered the report of the Committee of the House of Commons on this subject would be considered as a dead letter, if he had not brought it on, and in concurrence with Those Hon. Members he felt fully satisfied that such a market was a nuisance and an abomination. Lord J. RUSSELL said that he did not mean to inter fere with the Committee on this subject, and could not idler any opinion until he saw their report. Mr. MACKINNON said that in consequence of the inteivion of the Noble Lord he did not mean to press his tn..tion, and consequently withdrew it. Me. fate an h our as el, yen o'clock, b u t h o p e d th a t th e G o • v- rtiment • LIORSMAN said that he did not wi s h to bring on his motion re l at i ve to t h e condition of Ireland at oppor Lord J. RUSSELLgIve him an d th tu h n a i d ty no of o b b j ri e n c g ti i o n n g t i o t on at some f uture d ay i n the week. ,ai allow the Hon. Member to bring on his motion on 'rhurs• day or Friday. Mr. C. ANSTEY moved that the petitionof Rer oules Ellis, Es q ., barrister-at-law, complaining e conduct, of' the Judges of th e Common 1l e- in Ireland (presented (presented 25th June), be printed with the votes. Tne lion. Gentleman entered into a long statement of the es e. when Me. THORNELY, as chairman of the Committee on that matter, objected to such a line of proceeding. Lori J. RUSSELL said that if there were really a stvpicion of impartial conduct on the part of the Crown, there might be some ground for acceding to the Hon. Gentleman's motion; but it appeared to him that there was certainly none. Alter a few words in reply from Mr. ANSTEY, The motion was negatived without a division. Mr. FREWEN moved for a return of all the fees paid to the Faculty-office, Doctors' commons, for dispensation to clergymen to hold benefices and pref rm'nts in plu rality since the passing of the Act 1 and 2 Vic., it. 106, called the Pluralities Act, stating the amount paid for each dispensation, which was agreed to. Mr. BitorHERTON (in the absence of Mr. Bright) rnov, d that an humble address be presented to her MA j-sty, praying that her Majesty may be graciously pleased to direct the Commissioners of Woods and Fo rests to institute an inquiry into the reversions reserved to the Crown in grants of land in Ireland, for the pur pose of ascertaining the nature, extent, and value of such reversions, and of devising means for their more simple registration and speedy sale or extinction, which was agreed to. BENEFICES IN PLURALITY (No. 2) BILL, Mr. FRE WEN having moved that the House should resolve itself into a Committee on this Bill, Lord J. RUSSELL opposed the motion, as he did not think that they could deal effectually with a question of that difficulty and importance at that advanced period of the session. He should therefore move that the Bill be committed that day three months. After a few words from Mr. FREWEN, the amend ment was adopted without a division, and the Bill was therefore lost. JUVENILE OFFENDERS AND SMALL LAR CENIES BILL. The order of the day for the House resolving itself into a Committee on this Bill having been read, Mr. R. PALMER said he put it to her Majesty's Go vernment whether it would not be advisable to abandon the Bill for the present session, on the ground just stated by the Noble Lord with respect to another measure — namely, that they could not then give to it the necessary consideration After a few words from Mr. B. DENISON, the further consideration of the Bill was postponed till Thursday next. The Railway Amendment Bill passed through Com mittee with amendments, after some discussion. NUISANCES RENIOVAL AND DISEASES PREVENTION BILL. The House went into Committee on this Bill. Sir J. GRAHAM wished to know what was the meaning of the hieh penalty of 501. on any person re fusing to give evidence before the Bard of Health ? Was It to be read thus, that the board should have power to tunonion the party allege I to h ive a nuisance on his premi s e„,,, and make him convict himself? Lord ASHLEY said no; it was only for the purpose of getting witnesses iu order that nuisances might be re meved. The penalty was reduced to 201.. and the clause was then amended, and ordered to stand part of the Bill. Mr. J. A. SMI l'H wished to as k the Right Hon. Se cretary for the Ilene Department whether anything was to be done w i t h that master nuisance, especially iu Lon don, the state of the graveyards? Sir G. GREY said the question was under the consi• aeration of the Board of denith. Lord D. S ruART said the apathy of the Govern meet on that stthject would lose them the confidence of the people. The grievance was a monscrous one, and he LONDON, W.EDNES DA Y EVENING-, JULY 18. 1849 ,t 7 chlr'r4 i; . I.it• .}.,v• Tt,e reantintog agived to, can i the House resumed—to n , ropor:cd on Thursd4y next. The AdadnistraH.,ii of Justice (Vancouver's I4and) Bill went through Committee, and was reported without amendment. The New Zealand Land Conveyances Bill also went through Committee. ADJOURNED DEBATE ON RE COMMITTAL. Mr. REXNt )LDS moved th re-cornwittal of the At tachawnt4, Courts of Record (Irelaad) Bill on Thursitty next. The 11,:uie eaj.)urned at 114If.past One o'clock. PARLIAM EN TA RY DIV ISIONS. HOUSE OF LORDS, JULY 16. POOR RELIEF (IRELAND) BILL. MINORITY AGAINST THE “MAXIMUA CLAUSE!, MARQUISES. Nelson BARONS. Salisbury Orkney Colchester Droghedi, Pow:a Crofton Sligo Itosse ' Clarina EARLS. Stradbroke De Ros Courtoun Sheffield Downes Clare Wicklow Farnltam Darn!ey Warwick Ihm - artleu Desert VISCOUNT. Alontiagle Fitzwilliam Strangford Redesdale Kingston BARONS. Willoug Iby d'Eresby Lucan Stanley Wharncliffe Malmeshury Blayney Beaumont From the Votes and Proceedino the House of Commons.) TUESDAY, JULY 17. SMALL DEBTS ACT AMENDMENT BILL. (IN THE COMMITTEE.) Clause 20 (Compensation to Officers of abolished Courts)• Question put, " That Clause 20 stand part of the Bill." Ihe Committee divided: MAJORITY—AYES, 52. MINORITY—NOES, 2. Hayworth, Lawrence Wawn, J. T. Stuart, Lord D. Evans, J. BAKING TRADE. Motion made, and Question put, " That leave be given to bring in a Bill to prohibit labour in Bakehouses during certain hours of the night." The House divided: — MINORITY—AYES, 19. . Ashley, Lord Hervey, Lord A. rower, Dr. Berkeley, Henry F. Jollitte, Sir W. H. Sheridan, R. B. Denison, J. E. Law, C. E. Stuart, Lord D. Duncan, tieorge Lushington, Charles East, Sir T. Meagher, Thomas • Evans, Sir De Lacy Morris, David TELLERS. Fagan, William O'Connell, John Grosvenor, Lord It. Frewen, C. U. Pechell. Captain Stafford, A. MAJORITY—NOES, 77. AMy, T. N. Ellis, John Parker, John Anson, Colonel Ferguson, Sir R. Patten, W. Armstrong, Sir A. Graham, Sir J. Pilkington,"James Armstrong, R. B. Grey, Sir George Richards. Richard Baring, H. B. Harris, Richard Roebuck, J. A. Baring. Sir F. Basile, Alexander Russell, Lord J. Berkeley, Captain llayter, W. G. Sadleir, John Blackall, S. W. Heald, James St. George, Chris. Blair, Stephen Henry, Alexander Salwey, Colonel Bright, John Heyworth, L. Seymour, Sir H. Brotherton, J. Ilill, Lord E. Sidney, Alderman Brown, W. Horsman, E. Somerville. Sir W. Burke, Sir Thomas Kershaw, James Sotheron, T. H. S. Campbell, W. F. Labouchere, Henry Thompson, Colonel Carew, W. P. Lacy, H. C. Thornely, T. Childers, J. W. Lasceiles, W. S. Tulnell, 11. Clerk Sir George Lewis, G. C. araue, Lord H. Cobden, R. Mackinnon, W. Walmeley, Sir I. Coles, Henry B. Masterman, John Watkins, Colonel Corbelly, M. E. Melgund, Viscount Wawn, J. T. Cubitt, William Mitchell, T. A. Wilson, James Dodd, George Moore, G. H. Wodehouse, E. uouglas, Sir C. Mowatt, French; Wood, Sir Charles Dmintuond, Henry Mullings, J. R. __. Duckworth, Sir J. Nicholi, John Dundas, Sir David .Norreys, Sir D. TELLKRII. Hill, Lord Marcus Boyle, Colonel Dunne, Colon_l Ogle, S. C. TO THE SECRe.:TARY OF THE ME CRWOLITAN REFORM ASSOCIA HON. Sir,—On Mouday the 16th, the Member for Oxford brought on his mutton for retrenching the salari. a ot sl. placemee, to the letter-carriers at twelve shillings a week inclusive. Having commenced on a parallel wittnni on a former occasion, there is less necessity for entering at large on this. The grounds stated for the motion were, that the late commexial legislation of the country (meaning the removal ot the Corn-Laws) had produced a • distress." that there had been " impoverishing mea sures," involving all classes of the community " in a common fate;" and to this tke House of Commans iti general, and the Free• Traders in particular, were invited to set their names and seals by appearing in the di vision list as voting for the motion. The Free-Traders. or those who take the h-ad as such, put forward som, declarations of what they would do when the motion of the Member for Oxford was carried; but in the meantime they would put their names to the motion, the probability being, as everybody knew and a , the result confirmed, that there would never ne an opportunity for the execution of their promise of what they would do afterwards. And so their names will be found appended, in admission of the " distress," and the "impoverishing measures," and the "common fate." Assuredly if there was not something is the Free Trade principle which was of granite, such backing would accomplish its pulltsig down. The report of the House is, that the Bill for legalizing marriage with a wife's sister is not to be seriously pressed. This is not for being ton weak, but too strong. The last division upon it, and upon a most importsnt particular. was of 119 against 66. It is this strength which has given the alarm. The Bill was brought forward from th, wrong side of the House. The Conservatives might have discovered at first, what they have done at la;t, that a tyranny built mainly on ecclesiastical falsifications of scripture pretended to be quoted. cannot be put down without damaging the authorities that falsified. There are a numner of other cases in which the same system of falsification has been pur sued; and • of course the establishments cannot be ex pected to correct their own wrong. The weakness is in those who ever thought it probable. On another subject there is a somewhat similar dis appointment. The Member who moved the House for an alteration in the avowedly absurd rule for the ex clusion of strangers, was smoothed down with intima tion& that there were deep things concerned, which could only be arranged by the wisdom of a Committee; and as soon as the public attention has had time to cool, a Com mittee reports unanimously that no alteration is wanted. Tne Member whose exclusion of the press gave rise to the question, was put on the Committee, and the Member who moved the alteration was not. Such is the mode ot working by Committee. If the press and the constitu ents would agree, it is now in the power of any indivi dual Member to correct the evil, by rising to notice the presence of strangers till the absurdity is removed. On Tuesday the Bill for restricting the hours of work for bakers in the metropolis, was negatived by a large majority. A motion aimed at the removal of Smithfield Market was withdrawn, with slight prospects of renewal. The time is not yet. when a time-honoured I nuisance in the heart of the metropolis can be got rid of. Bulls must confront us in our path and occasionally about our tea-tables, till we can find out that it would be possible to carry on our bovine business at a p dot in the eireumf.-Ten.!•l aR well as at the centre. Why should not the forum boarium be somewhere about the Isle ot Dogs; especially it the Thames Tunnel could at a moderate expense be made practicable for four-legged passengers? I am, Sir, your obedient s#rvant, AN OLD REFORMER. London, July 18. 1849. NAVAL IN ThLLItIENCE. APPOINTMENTS. Giptains—Georges lioduey Mundy (1837) formerly of the Iris, and Sir Feederick W. Erskine Niculsun, (1846), formerly of the Fantoine, to study steam at Woolwich. Lieutenants—George Williamson (1807), to the Illus trious, depot ship of Portsmouth ordinary ; William Viciry (1815) from the coast guard, to the Wellington, depot ship of Shevrness ordinary ; A. T. Diann (1827). to the Agincourt, depot ship of Devonport ordinary; Frederick Yonge (1845) to the Persian, 12, fitting at Woolwich. Mates—S. T. Morrell, to the Phcenix, screw•sloop, fitting At Portsmotvb; J. W. D. M'Donald, to the Queen, 116, fitting at Devonport. Clerk's Assistant—George Love, to the Growler steam-sloop, fitting at Devonport. The appointment of Mr. Sullivan, master, to the Persian, has been cancelled. HER MAJESTY'S CRUISE .—The R yacht screw tender Fairy, Muster-Co'tnander Welch, will attend the Royal yacht Victoria and Altrat to Ireland and Scotland on the Royal visit. The orders of the Ganges. 84. Captaia Smith, C. 8., at Cove, are that the is to be kept ready for sea. She is not to come to Spithead to start tair with the Royal squadron, as all the squadro❑ will be steam-vessels. The Phaeton, 50 gun-frigate, launched some time since at Deptford, and the Arethuss, 50, just launched Penrinike, and ord -red to be navigated to Devon port, are to ba brought forward, and fitted as advanced ships. The Hercules, store-ship, Master Commander Fulton, is ordered to be fitted with all dispatch at Chatham, for further service. The Veteran and Menai, receiving -ships at Ports mouth, are ordered to be prepared as temporary hospital ships for the convicts, should they be attacked with cholera at that port. The Pioneer, old coast guard vessel, is ordered to be taken to Sheerness and broken U. The Persian. 12, Commander G. Dolman, fitting at Woolwich, will be ready to leave fur the West Indies by the sth a August. The Basilisk and Niger, steam-sl°nPs. are making arrangements at Devonport for proceeding on a fiord experimental cruise to complete the orders of the Ad miralty. The Growler, 6, steam , sloop, Commander Stoddart, will be ready for sea at Devonport on the 19th inst. The Phoenix, screw-sloop, Commander Wodehouse, is to proceed from Portsmouth to Devonport, to be paid in advance and to be ready to sail on the sth of August with the mails fur the coast of Africa. The Columbia, steam-vessel. Commander Shortland, arrived at Ililifsx, June 25th. from Devonport, and was about to proeved to the Bay of Fundy, to resume her sur veying operations. ANTICIPATED RE,IGNATION OF MR. HUDSON, FUR SUNDERLAND. —we understand t h a t M r. lludsoil is ab‘tut to resign his seat for the borough of Sunderland, and that Mr. H. Fenwick, a barrister on the Northern Circuit, connected by property and family ties with the borough, has been announced as a candidate on the Liberal side. There is also some talk of Mr. Wil kinson, who has twice unsucc,ssfully contested the ! , orough in the same interest. The gsmeral feeling, however, appe.rs to be that t he t e rmer is more likely to unite all the Liberals in h is favour. Lord Adolphus vane to talk e d of as tee candidate on the other side. LOND'OA'S OUT OF TOWN! ALL'S LO,ST !! (F. eie th, Morning Herod ) The: is the 18 , h (fey of Jul), and after to•caerrow or next iiay. certainly after the 20 h, the pres, re. session of Parliament trety be said, for all intents and purposes, to have closed. For though the Muse may sit on to the 2d, or even to the 9th of August, yet all interest in public business has ceastd, and Members are day by day drop ping off in their attendance at St. Stephen's. For the last fortnight there is rot a railroad or steam company in the Thited Kingdom that has not experienced the ef fect in iecreased ri ceipts. London is, an I had been even a fortniget before the departure of the Queen, a desert, and though the two operas still fill tolerably with the attractions of Sontag, Grisi, Alboni, Angri, Cur bari, Lablache, and Temburini, yet after another week even such stars will fail to dr.w. The pled ling and ‘• practical" statesman whose chief joy was in the House of Commons, finds St. Stephen's charm now no more ; and, if we be rightly informed, to-day or to-morrow, accompanied by the Member for Leominster —iecompauied by Captain Peel, R.N. (a captain at a time of life when men three times his age are lieutenants, masters, and commanders only), accompanied by all his family, excepting the brilliant cherg6 d'affaires in Switzerland (a charg6 d'affeires when men who have been twice as long in diplomatic servi^e are unpaid attaches merely)—starts for the Highlands, where cer tainly his heart cannot in the least be said to be. Never, by common and universal consent. was there a heavier or flatter season—a heavier, a duller, or more unprofitable session. Dinners have been few and far between, and when given they have lacked sumptuousness and luxury—balls have been untrequent, and shorn of their proper splendour—pie-nice and fetes champetres have been of most unusual occurrence—white-bait ex cursions have been unrelished—and water-souchee parties have lost their attractions. Never were more belles un married—a greater number of bachelors in a more single, solitary, and unproposing mood—more town m.msions to let or to hire—more carriage and riding horses to sell. The tradesmen and artificers have felt the general blight. When the nobility and gentry ,uffer and draw in their expenditure, all dependent on them must suffer likewise. Go to Dydes and Scribe's, to H .well and James's, to Starr and Mortimer's, to Kitching and Abud's, to Hardwick's, to Lewis and e h ?: s t , e to s h M i p o l r e e y l :it s: e t o r 0 ut Mac's, he k e a s y , ' e; t s o w ß e a i e l Ball's, o a r h t d o B t haery tAovilaetill will all tell you that the times " are out of joint." Visit smaller and less prospercus tradesmen, in the second rate streets, and you will find every third or fourth shop ( s m a o y r , e e vespecially some ionf thehl alreyalde leading e) s t, r e s e h t u s , t su u c p h a a n s d O t x o f o l r e d t street, Regent-street, Piccadilly, and the Strand, the oldest inhabitants will tell you that never were so many houses and shops closed or to be disposed of. Rates meanwhile are increasing most fearfully, and in the largest parish at the west end, namely, Marylebone, the poor.rate, including police and county rates, is at 2s. ?d. in the pound. How can it be otherwise, say the Landon housekeepers? Our own country people are all thrown out of employ, to please the economic fancies of Mr. Wilson, the hatter and Economist editor. There's Johnson and Thompson import nothing but French hats. Then again Scroggs, my opposite neighbour (it is the tradesman who speaks), who used to have many vampers, closers, and cutters in his employ, now imports Paris and Bordeaux boots, shoes, slippers, and Brodequins, all ready made. As to noggins, who lives next door, and who had establishments both at Woodstock and Worcester, now all ht 9 gloves a n d p urses come f rom G reno b le, from Pr i - , s in Paris, or from Boivin's or Spieglehalter's in the Rue de L Paix. Such is our fraternity. But it is, say the London tradesmen in every street, east and west, a fraternity all of one side, for though we take of these Frenchmen in greater abundance than ever their bran dies, their wines, their gloves, their boots and shoes, heir cambric.), their marqueterie, and ther " articles de Paris," yet they have had, and can now afford to have, nothing in return. The result is that our journeymen root-makers, glovers, cabinet-makers, and workers in bronz-, are thrown on the rates, and that a general and wide-spreading pauperism is tating into the vitals of the land. Every man feels it, the doctor, the lawyer, the •:lergymln, the merchant, the manufacturer, the tailor, , he h ickney man, the butcher, the baker, the green grocer, the brewer, the wine-merchant. In fact, there is a general maliase and despondency pervading all classes, both gentle and simple. From t"e hich born miss in her teens, down to the poor milli ner and mantua•maker, who toilt for h, r daily bread, all, nearly all, have tound it a barren season, nearly all are sal and sick at heart at its premature close. But of the vast crowds that have already Lit, and in the course of the present and the succeeding week will leave London, we doubt that a more down-hearted and dis appointed than ever proceeded to bury his chagrin in the Highlands than the Right Hon. the Member fur Tam worth. More than eighteen months ago he and his little party joined in starting a Peelite organ, which was daily to drily the art of turning. and to proclaim the political Proteus and changeling the saviour of the laud. For twenty months the clique have laboured with all their puny might and main in their vocation—few and weari some, they have worn their undexterous digits to very stumps, and the result is that their idol is now, after shout 1,800 leading articles, some of them bitter bad, the maj,rity indifferent, in a much worse position than he was at the end of 1847. No man trusted or love-1 the pseudo-planter in 1847, but still many believed he would again return to power. ['hit dream has now vanished. the pita,- of the Chronicle-1800 article flattery of that print—has put an end to the delusion. It is bad enough to be vic timised and deceived—but though a people may submit to be deceived three or four times—the English nation will not brook it, that fulsome, loathsome flattery should he daily and undexterously slavered on a political vic timiser—over a cold-hearted party deceiver. The idol now sees this—very clearly. And as the flattery has. failed, he has turned on his retainers, and having first rated them soundly, has directed his kit to be packed up, for Connemara—no—we ask pardon, for the High• lands of Scotland. There, wrapped up in his habitual reserve, and his ponderous pomposity, he may hunt, he may shoot, he may deer-stalk, and if ever he unbend on any occasion, it may be when he, simpering, slyly thinks of how he sought to bamboozle Parliament into a plantation of Connaught. As to the three or four unhappy followers who en gaged in the hopeless task of writing the " practical statesman" up—one may do a little bit of very bad culi nary literature in the Quarterly, or try his hand at trans lation—a second and third may study colonial pam• phlets, and be none the wiser—a fourth may write emigra tion schemes if he can find a printer—and a fifth may continue to abuse Mr. Disraeli; but from that day forth and for ever the feeble little party is dispersed and die • charged from its allegiance to the most disappointed, because the most fallen man of the age. . . . The present session has utterly shipwrecked the re pute of that already foundering vessel called the Sir Robert Peel. _ . The plantation of Connaught schenal has given th e coup de grace to Peel practicalness and statesmanship , and ever since it was laughed out of St. Stephen's in this journal, the Baronet's whole contribution to the House of Commons has been abuse of his own body guard. and expressions of seeming civi'ity to the Pr , tectionists. But the Protectionists will not have him. In his agony he may turn to the Chartists, now that Feargus O'Con nor is about to abdicate. The session, like everything else connected with the seasoq of 1849, has been a huge failure. Nothing has been done tor Eogland, and nothing has been carried worth a groat for Ireland but the res lution of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, an infinitely small instal ment of the late Lord George Bentinck's large and bene volent plan. for the r.gen.ration of the sister country. ROYAL ARTILLERY. WOOLWICH, JULY 17.—The three troops of Royal Horse Artillery at present in the garrison at Woolwich proceeded to the marshes this forenoon for practice, and commenced firing at Lark:eta at 600 yards' range, the whole of the troops being under the command of Lieutenant- Colonel Bell. After the firing at 600 yards was concluded, a positi,n wag taken up at 700 yards' distance, each troop firing at a different target about four feet square, and the practice was excellent, one of the gins of the centre roop knocking down the target at that distance. The firing again took place at 800 yards' range. and the troop on tho left made excellent practice. knocking down the target, and being near it every round. On . the firing being concluded the troops encamped on me ground, pitching their tents and feeding their horses, having as • sembled in the marshes in fatigue order, with ample pro vinder of corn and hay for their horses. The battalions encamped in the marshes en the previous day, and every care is taken to have whole of the troops in the garrison in an efficient state, and ready for any emergency on the shortest n A company of the Royal Artillery leave Woolwich to-morrow morning for Sheerness, to conduct a series of experiments on that practice ground. A detachment of the Roy al Sappers and Millers, 25 in number, have been recently employed there in laying platforms and constructing temporary accommodation for the artillery men, and they have completed their works in so satis factory a manner as to call forth the entire approbation of the officers who have inspected them. ROYAL SAPPERS AND MINERS. The 11th Compan y , under the command of Captain Jervois, have received orders to leave Woolwich at 10 o'clock to-morrow, to be present at the siege operations which are to take place at Chatham on the 21st inst. CITY ELECTION.—Last night no candidate had officially announced an intention of contesting the repre sentation of the City with Sir James Duke, who at present is the only candidate in the field. A very large meeting of the principal City Liberals was held yester day at the City R.Tistration Offices, to consider what candidate should be brought forward, but after a dis- cussion of nearly two hours no definitive determination was come to. Among the gentlemen present were, Baron Rothschild, Mr. J. Abel Smith, M.P., Mr. Alder man Salomons, and Mr. Dillon. Mr. Bevan is still talked of as the candidate on the Tory side, but that gentleman has not issued any address to the electors. In the event of the Lord Mayor standing for the City of London, we understand that the Hon. Captain Pelham, brother of Lord Yarborough, will offer himself as a candidate for the vacancy that will then occur at Boston. SOUTHAMPTON, TUESDAY, JULY 17.—The Royal mail steamer Conway, Captain C. H. Onslow, sailed this afternoon with the usual West India and Pacific mails, in charge of Lieutenant Ray, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her route is via Madeira and Barbajoes. Sh e had 36 passengers, 5,9671. specie on freight. and a full cargo. The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's ship Montrose, Captain F. Meehan, also took her departure with the regular mails for Vigo, Oporto, Li-hon, Cadis, and Gibr ►ltar. All the men who have done thinv well in life hive been remarkable for decision of character.—Eliza Cook's Aurnal, MANCHESTER, SIPI':FFit4:LD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE RAILWAY. This great umdt,rtaking has at length been completed, and was openA by the directors on Monday last. Th e line was opened for general traffi , ! on Tuesday; and there is now, for the first time, a direct and unbroken railway communication between Liverpool on the west ern, and Greet Grimsby on the eastern, coast of England. The length of the direct line from Manchester to Great Urimsby is 1101 miles, and this is exclusive of the various branches. The cost. of the company's lines east of Sheffi.-I , ±, including stations, &c., is on an average 18,00td. a mile. O n Monday morning, at 9 o'clock, a number of the directors resident at Liverpool, together with a party of the directors of the Lond,)n and North-Western Bail way, left Liverpool by special train, and were joined et Manchester by the other directors. The trsin reached Shea , ld about 12 o'clock, and the remainder of the directors having been taken up, the train proceeded on the opening excursion to Grimsby. Th cbi,f work on the line is the Trent bridge at Gainsborough, constructed on the same principle as the Britannia-bridge at the Menai Straits. Tha bridge is 333 feet in length and is a nobl:s structure. The prin cipal towns connected by the new line between Sheffield and Grimsby are Worksop, Betford, Gainsborough, and Brig g. These, of course, are exclusive of a number of villages and hamlets. The directors' train arrived at Great Grimsby at half past two in the afterno , n, and the directors having been conveyed on the line into the Grimsby Dock, proceeded to examine the operations there carried on. The works continued to be carried on with unabated ardour. The directors returned to New Holland, oppo,i'e to the town of /lull, all re they dined together at the Yarborough Arms, along with Mr. John Fowler, the engineer-in chief. tho chief officers of the company, and a number of friends. .lr. Chaptnan, the deputy-chairman of the company, presided, and, after diuner, proposed the cus tomary loyal toasts. " The health of the Earl of Yar borough, the chairman of the directors," was the next toast. which met with a hearty response. The CHAIRMAN shortly afterwards proposed " The Directors of the London and North Western Railway Company." " We hive." said he, " been long intimately connected with them. W e occupy the same station; Iv , travel over each other's lin s; we have always cherished a good feeling towards each other—(Cheers)—and I am quite sure that the directors of this railway entertain a very friendly feeling towards all connected with the London and North• Western Railway Company, and that they are convinced that it is to their interest, as well as to the interest of the public, that both companies should work amicably together." Mr. TOOTAL, a member of the London and North- Western Board, responded, and expressed his satisfac tion at the harmonious working of the two boards. The interests of the shareholders in all railways had been neg lected on many occasions, but directors generally had of late had their eyes opened. They did not want to take more from the public than in fairness they ought to pay, and yet they considered they had a right to a sufficient pro fit wherewith to reward those individuals who have sup plied the means for accomplishing those great public undertakings by which all are benefiaed—(Hear)—and he believed in the course of time they would receive a fair amount of return for their outlay. The CHAIRMAN acknowledged the toast, and said, with respect to the Government Audit Bill he hoped that all railway companies would unite and do their utmost to defeat a measure which interfered most unjustly with the rights of private property. " The health of the Engineer" end other toasts were subsequently drank. The company rose from the table at half-past six o'clock, and as soon as the train could be got ready they started, and reached Sheffield at nine o'clock precisely. The train shortly afterwards proceeded to Manchester and Liverpool with the remainder or the party. THE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. NORWICH, JULY 17.—As the dt•cisive moment ap proaches for testing, by a public exhibition, the resources of the society, the excitement and hustle increase. The broad faces of farmers and the acute visages of imple ment makers meet the observant spectator at every turn in the tortuous streets of this ancient city. Cattle and horses are seen quietly led along by their keepers to the show-yards, ::nd VA) whole race of publicans have taken to " the tented field " with a zeal worthy of a more war like cause. The long approach to the exhibition ground is now lined with booths and caravans, dedicated to drinking, dancing, a:A sightseeing; and as each canvas structure is surmounted with a flag, and placarded with bilis of the most formidable size, the eff:ct is sufficiently imposing. On all sides the din of preparation sounds; nor does a single taste or want seem likely to be left unsatisfied by the assiduonc caterers called forth by the occasion. The judges are still at work in the Implement yard. hut their labours will not conclude, nor will their awards bo known, until too late for transmission by this communication. In the meantime, therefore, and in the absence of those fuller details which to-morrow's proceedings may supply, it may not be out of place to make come ge neral observations upon the implement department of the show-yard, with reference to questions of consider able importance, and which the society must very soon decide upon. The first of these questions is one which not only affects the interests of the society and the agti cultural implement. makers as a body, but touches cloud) upon ti-e welfare of agriculture throughout the kingdom. The show yard, as the reader is mare, is divided into ; two compartments, one deitcated to the exhibition of im plements, the other to that of stock. Previ pus to the foundation of the society very little attention had been paid in this country to the arlaptation of mechanics to ho purposes of husbandry. Irontounders, blecksmiths, and wheelwrights engrossed the trade, which was, in such unscientific hands, left in the rudest and most im perfect state. In Scotland they had managed these things much better—engineers and millwrights had placed farming machinery upon a superior and permanent tooting, and under their skill and per►everance the home steads of the Lothians end the other highly cultivated districts north of the Tweed gradually began to assume that remarkable degree of arrangement and that happy combination of details which distingui►h them beyond every other country in the world. The early exhibitions of the Royal Agricultural Society contained, as might have been expected under the circumstances, a very beg garly display of implements for agricultural purposes; but the vast resources which England possesses for ex celling in manufactures of this kind soon began to be developed by the influence of these annual shows, and by the increasing intelligence of the farming community. Implement makers in a very few years became a large, a wealthy, and a highly intelligent body, and an extra ordinary variety of instruments was produced by them adapted fur the cultivation of the soil. Like all other interests suddenly created by the enterprising and inventive spirit of the age, they were at the outset greatly thwarted by their ignorance of the science to which their mechanism had to be applied, and their inventions, therefore, were rather more ingenious than useful; but every day saw this difficulty more and more diminished, and at last, notwithstanding every obstacle, the show-yard of the society now exhibits a most satis factory approximation to that practical and economic cha racter which forms an indispensable requisite for exhi bitions of the kind. Through such impedimenta, not only the implement makers but the society have struggled bravely with that unyielding tenacity of purpose which is our national pride. From year to year the imple ment-yard has shown a remarkable increase, and from the following table it will be seen that in this depart ment the society has shown far stronger and more vigorous signs of vitality than in that of stock:— . Year of Meeting. Locality. Entries of Stock. 1 Entries ropi.ti i e e o : f s . 1839 ... Oxford ... 249 ... 23 1840 ... Cambridge ... 352 ... 36 1841 ... Liverpool ... 319 ... 312 1842 ... Bristol ... 510 ... 455 1843 ... Derby ... 730 ... 508 1844 ... Southampton 575 ... 948 1845 ... Shrewsbury ... 437 ..• 942 1846 ... Newcatie ... 613 ..- 785 1847 ... Northampton 4.59 .•- 1,321 1848 ... York ... 724 ••• 1,508 The immense numbe r of implementsi which have been exhibited for the Jost few years, the irgrt iw l spa h ce which and the expense ie the sa• they necessarily occupy, niety incurs in providing room for them, has attracted to this subject not only the serious :mention of the Council, but of all the friends of agricultural improve merit. It has been observed that at each succeetling ex• hibition this department degenerates more and mor - from the charac;er of an " exposition," and approatthes to that of a bazaar. The great implement malt,i.s, en couraged by the facilities of carriage an' a.derf them, send an overwhelming number of articles, and fill the stiels of the yard with a dreadful array of scarifiers. clod crushers, pulverizers, and other instruments, not more formidable in name than in appearance. Not content with some specimen of each kind, they have perhaps two or three of different sizes, and with some slight variation in structure to make them admissible. The idea of exhibiting new inventions or the best forms of indispensable implements—an idea absolutely necessary to be kept strictly in view where prizes are awarded—is of course lost sight of. The humble but irg-nious machinist sees his little stall overwhelmed by a wholesale array of articles beside it; and the great ma nufacturer has reason to complain that, having gone to a large expense, and done all in his power to extend the taste for the application of mechanical skill to the ope rations of husbandry, he is rewarded with a few paltry medals, and the empty honour of a public exhibition, necessarily excluding that test of practical experini?nt by which alone the substantial support of the tara?i t t . i h g e interest can be won. In this state n most influential implement makers ask thetsovcie exhibit do away with its prizes, and to allow t of thfiitrg many oft y to sn their manufactures to the p u blic in such charusn n they may be seen in ope.ration,isnd th at society,ample time er thatmay on the other he given for the inspection. The band, aro anxious to adhere to the old . ss stem, and per ceiving . that the Implement-yard is outgrowing their of accommodation they are anxious to impthe a gmreoaunncd charge on exhibitors, to require from them a plan of the moue in which they intend furnishing their sta ll s , and to adopt such other checks as may be neces sary to meet t he evils of the present system. How th e ! q uestion will be decided it is at present impossible to say, but the permanent interests of the society and of agricultural improvement generally are largely involved in the prompt determination of it. There is another question connected with the exhibi tion of implements which it is a of great i m p ortance t o de termine in a satisfactory nn er, and to a hich allusion may be mad e i n t hi s lett mr, without any impropriety. I allude to the locomotive and portable character given to farm machiney, by the desire which the manufacturers very naturally feel to exhibit their productions in the show-yards of a peripatetic body. In Scotland, where agricultural improvement has been carried to its highest pitch, and where, notwithstanding all that may be accom plished in particular districts in England, the cilia vatjw of the soil has been most skilfully systematized, such mechanical aids as the steam-engl itirird are secured by fixA tat I oue,tion, therefore, arises between thee Corms of co ns t ruc ti on , an d i t i s of greap . imppri,4— now, wh en t h e pos i t i on of the farmers in EttliitiNd.thnsM:4 greatly chpend upon the exercise of superior ingenuity and more Ecientitic modes of culture than heretofore— when the abolition of the protective system has exposed them to a wide and formidable competition, that they should strengthen their hands from the vast mechanical resources of the kingdom, and do so in the least expen sive, the most simple, and the most effectual manner. The weather to-day looks ominously bad for the show. The clear blue sky and the burning Summer sun have disappeared, and in their stead come a drizzling rain aid a misty atmosphere, most grateful to the parched-up soil and thirsty crops; but likely, if continued, to throw a sad damp over the proceedings of the Royal Agricul tural Society. ne and tehinry ROYAL MERSEY YACHT CLUB. The second sailing match of this season took place on the Mersey in Monday last, for the larger class of yachts exceediog 35 tons, for a piece of plate the value of fifty guineas. The course appointed was the " Queen's Course," to seaward and back. A highly respectable and numerous assemblage of ladies and gentlemen, in cluding many members of the club, accompanied the Com modore, Thomas Littledide, Esq., on board the fine steamer the " Princess," Captain Jones, to follow and witness the contesting vessels. The weather was ex c. c,:ineiy fine tririiiieheut with a fine gaff-topsail breezy from the S.E. The following y achts competed in the contest : Bacchante, 80 tens, B. H. Jones, Esq. Q of the Ocean, 49 Commodore Litthialt. I)rift, 55 W. C. &S. P Hope, Eqs. 45 Thomas Bil cliaq, Esq. Water Wyvern, 47 J. E. Sioptord, E-q The yachts started by signal gun by the Commodore from the steamer at eleven o'clock from New Brighton, the Drift and Vision taking the lead, followed by the Bacchante, and the others close together. The Drift and Vision hung close together, running oft the wind, until they began to open the Victoria Channel, where the Drift shut ahead of the Vision, which might be attri buted in a great measure to the large topsail the former yacht displayed, which was of unusual dimensions. Ia hauling closer upon the wind towards the N.W. light ship, the Drift had still increased her distance, although to leeward. The Vision made a better tact and gained some distance upon her opponent. The Water Wyvern also held well to windward, and after being for some time lost among the fleet, placed herself the third in order. There was some close and beautiful sailing be tween the latter yacht and the Bacchante, which was the theme of much admiration to those on board of the steamer. On arriving at the N.W. lightship the second time, and the extreme outward -distance of the course, the vessels were timed as follows: H. N. a. Drift ••• ... 220 0 Vision ... ••• ... 2 28 0 Water Wyvern ... 2 37 0 Bacchante ... ... 2 38 0 Nothing could exceed the beauty of the marina pros pect at this time and the contesting yachts, and the scene was enlivened by many other yachts belonging to the club joining the fleet. Hitherto the whole race had been with a leading wind, but on returning the wind was ahead, and the yachts had to tack to windward. The Drift kept gradually increasing her distance ahead of the Vision, and the fleet arrived in the following order of time opposite the miniature yacht the Gem, be longing to the Hon. Secretary, Mr. Melling, which was the flagship, and was gaily decorated with bunting, and moored just off New Brighton Pier : It at. S. Drift ... ... 444 25 Vision ... . . ••• 5 1 9 Bacchante ••• ••• ••• 5 5 15 Water Wyvern 5 10 59 The Qa, en of the Oc.an sailed well at the commence ment of the race, and kept up well with the fleet for a long time, but when on a wind fell offend was not timed. A band of music enlivened the day's proceedings, and many of the ladies and gentlemen kept up the spirit of the thrice on the quarter deck of the steamer. The Drift, from her greater tonnage, had to allow the Vision three minutes and three quarters, yet t till became the winner by fourteen minutes and two and a quarter seconds. The result of this contest does not in any way affect the fame of the Vision, and to be beat by a sister yacht of greater tonnage is nothing more than verifying the old adage, that " power will be serves;" and many experi‘nced yacht sailers were of opinion that if the breeze had been stiffer the Vision's chanco would have been much improved. The Drift sailed well throughout, and her powerful topsail was well set, and did its duty. She has proved herself a vessel of great speed. The prize, consisting of n massive and elegantly chased silver salver, was presented to Mr. Hopes, in suitable and complimentary terms, by the Commodore; which were feelingly responded to by the winmrs. The whole com pany dis,mbarked at the Prince's Pier, after being highly gratifird with the day's sport, and the polite attention of the officers and st-wards the AQUATICS. ST. JOHN'S, h OItELY DO WN, REGATTA. This regatta came off yesterd/y and attracted its usual number of spectators. The prize was a skiff given by he inhabitants of Liorselydown. The distance to be rowed was trom Uorselydown Lid Stairs, und East line Tier, routed Battle Bridge Tier, twice and buck to Horsvl) down Stairs. The mach was won by W. Chapman. BILLINGSGATE AND CUSTOM-HOUSE, RE- GAT rA. Six free watermen yesterday contended for a skiff and other prizes, the gift of the tradesmen and gentry of the vicinity. The rowing distance was from Billingsgate to a boat off St. listbarine's Duck, round the tel-chain, and finish at Billingsgate. Charles Maxwell was the successful competitor in this contest. PUGILISM, WM. HATES AND MICHAEL MADDEN, FOR 1001 A-SIDE.—It is seldom, from peculiarly contrasted quali ties that two professors of the pugillate meet under cir cumstances more calculated to excite an interest in the result of their encounter than the men who yesterday displayed their prowess. Some weeks since, the neces sary preliminaries having been adjusted, William Hayes was articled to meet Michael Madden on the 17th of July. Hayes was known as the conqueror of Finn, of Cooper, Sam Martin, and Crozkett; in every instance showing skill and readiness is a remarkable degree. On the present occasion he was pitted against superior bulk, strength, and (as it was supposed) endurance, in the per son of Madden, whose lasting powers, and indomitable courage, were, by many, considered as more than a counter-balance for the skill of his antagonist. Madden, after making himself known in the sparring schools, first encountered Walker, of Stoney Stratford, whom he quickly disposed of, and subsequently con tended with Grant for the extraordinary period of five hours and forty minutes, the result being a drawn battle. A special train having been chartered, privilege tickets were issued at 2/. for " the saloon," and 11. for the car riages, half a sovereign not being refused for those who would put up a ith a trip on the Suuth-Eastern rail in the open carriages of the third class. Accordingly, at nine o'clock upwards of 300 of the curious steamed from the Bricklayers' Arms station, and were iu due titre de posited at Elenbridge, or rather about a mile short thereof, the train being judiciously brought to a stand still at a place where the " natives" might not " be astonished" by so unwonted an invasion of their rural peace. A walk of a half mile, skirting hop gardens, and driving boneath o'erarching trees, brought the voyagers to the champ de bataille. in a sylvan spot judiciously chosen. So lovely was the scene, that a silver !mired ring. h ffoer, of the time when the rail was no t , "Ni)exclaim• d, man could object to be thrashed in such a delightful spot." Upon thistastes may differ; we shall not dispute them. At half-pest twelve, the ring being arranged by the ve tersn Tora:ol;ver, assisted by his son, nod the " ould and civil" Tom Callas, of Paddington and Fives-court notoriety, the company took their places. At one the men stood up, aid Hannan acting as e vires of the body t M niden; W-•lsh and Sainbo ,o , ng their eiev. irs to limp-s. It is not our intent or ur.sctice to dwell oil the in nutre of the contest that sued.. Madden, whose weight b .ianeed lOst. Iklh., loomed heavy and big in feont of his active opponent, whose ihotoughJired term bar ly turned ttor scale of 9 t. 7tb. Fi,r sixty r units Hayes led the gstn. , by drawing his 'pp lient. arid plinting his lett h4nd on his eyes, nose, and moo h, but ui t without s,-vere l'he qual,ty of Nlad len for ree, iving seemed to ly tests - d , after an hour and a trsli; yet, sfneti.te .e. say. he came wit' came again, ve%th p. rtect nom.halance, occasionally hr,wi tig Hay ee•-, dealing heavy lunges with one hand or (he other. At the close of two hour. Hayes, fur the first Mine, threw his bu ly antagonist. Henceforth, for the astounding number of 170 r-unds, and about fire hours tv.d a half, the batt'e raged with al , reate chan ges ; skill by occa,ional weakness, Hayes extlibite A d , h is T h u , by repeated administrations with the leis. le el ' Ouds lowered g when the very sun was tired, athnrdeata,eentiwnfraenueiatirmlyp, tinaignht,t,ththee a g ter b c e o i m n ba , t h a r n o t w 's n sk u il p l in token ti t: e f six hours and thr QS round, Mbtiattdideenh'atividnegtea t a lastedt c e, lose , g ,f the inch minutes, a tunernuendetrrocemewdendpienr t t r h . e i n a b n y n at: o lit t f t s~ after tm.e Both men rem o'clock. Madden sore in spirit as in body, while Hayes was quickly "himself again, such is the inspiriting eftect of victory. In our conduct to animals leas gifted than our selves, let us not forget that we are only the elder born of our mother's womb, and whatever niay be the num ber of her children, they are all dear in the eye of our common parent.—Eliza Cook's Journal. NIGHT BALLOON ASCENT FROM CREMORNE.--A very beautiful aeceut of the Cremorne Balloon took place at a quarter past ten last evening, from Cremorne Gar• dens, under the management of Lieutenant Gale, accom panied by Captain Sayers and Mr. E. T. Smith, licensed victualler, of Red Lion -street, Holborn. After the dis charge of fireworks from the balloon it took an easterly direction, but remained stationary near Vauxhall-gardens for an hour without a current of air. Eventually the aeronauts descended in a field near havingSnaresbrook, as been up two hours. Th e hi g h es t a l t i tu de stt,in ,d buildings, two miles, but the views of th e different publicxt streets, bridges, as lighted by gas, had an extraordinary xtord street, effect, more particul a rly the whole o f O Piccadilly, &c. E ARL or ALDBOROUG2 (ADVERTISEMENT.]—Th— „ d i„ g cure Py- this miraculous AND HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.— , ed. See extract tom his Anineaa'n'st:h-uesalfalina Leghorn, Feb. 21, 1545 . medicine, alter every other Lordship's letter, dated " acq l uaint you that your pills havr ef fectedrsso r t : g y liver and stomach which all the most cure of a disorder in ena at i; i:o o n o e u a G n over the conti nen t , h a d no t been d not ever the water s o f Carlsbad or Ma- These wondered pills will r i eminent able of tos (Signed) c ) e n t 1 ; t . y.., A.Ly Cll/13 any digew of the liver or stomach . — cold (also HOHOWar Ointinvit) at Professor Holloway's Establishment, 244, St ran d, a ; 07 an me dicine vendors throughout the ciVilieed world. I ~~ u s .• I - I thrash. different ]- ),Rott.inee-