The Sun. — London, England, 1842-10-18 00:00:00

Cn Thursday, Oct. 20, in 2 vols. small Bvo., with Illustrations, NARRATIVE OF THE XPEDITION to CHINA, _La from the Commencement of the War to the Present Petiod, with Sketches of the Manners and Customs of that singular, and hitherto almost unknown country. By Commander J. ELLIOT BINGHAM, R.N., Late First Lieutenant of her Majesty's ship Modeste. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHORESS OF " THE ONLY DAUGHTER." Just ready, in 3 vols., post Sro., ELF-DEV OTION; OR, THE HISTORY OF KATHARINE RANDOLPH. By the Authoress of " The Only Daughter.'. EDITED . BY THE AUTHOR OF " THE SUBALTERN." Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. AFIGHT THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED MONEY DIVIDENDS will be divided in NEXT MONTH, amongst 8,200 SELECTED Bonds of the LOAN neaotiated in the year 1820, andGUARANTEED by the GO VERNMENT and his Royal Highness the GRAND DUKE at BADEN. Dividend 50,000 Florins ...... 50,000 Florins 1 do. 25,000 " 1 do. 12,000 " 1 do. 10,000 " 1 do. 5,000 " 5,000 8 do. 1,000 " 8,000 " 10 do. 500 " 5,000 " 10 do. 200 " 210 do. 110 " 200 do. 105 " 467 do. 100 " 7,300 do. 94 " 8,200 Money Dividends, amounting to 892,900 Florins, or £74,400 Sterling Money. 8,200 SELECTED Bonds, each of which is sure to obtain one of the above Dividends. Largest Dividend £4,166 13 4 Smal:est Dividend £ 7 16 8 12 florins equal to £1 sterling, a trifle more or less, as per he day's exchange. ALL THE DIVIDENDS PAYABLE WITHOUT ANY DEDUCTION WHATEVER. Direct for the few Bonds which are still on sale, WITHOUT DELAY, to HEINE BROTHERS at HAMBURGH. Bonds are on sale NOW at £l3. Against die end of this Month the price will rise to £l4, and the Sale 1 close in the first dais of November. Those who remit £l5 BEFORE the 28th instant, will re ceive an order for £2 upon our London Bankers, together with the Bond. To those ordering too late for being attended to, their remittances will be returned by first post. HEINE I3ROTHERS. Hambargh, October 4 , 1812. THEATRE ROYAL. COVENT-GARDEN. THIS EVENING. OCT. 18, Will be repeated the English Version of Rossini's Grand Opera of SE3IIRAMIDE.—The Character of Semiramide by Miss Adelaide Kemble; Arsace, Mrs. Alfred Shaw (from the principal Theatres in Italy ; Assur, Mr, Ginbilei ; Oroe, Mr. Le ffl er ; Idreno, Mr. Travers ; S hade of Nines, Mr. J. After which, the New Farce, called COUSIN LAMBKIN. Spire Mulberry, Mr. Bartley; Captain Bantam, Mr. Walter Lacy; Doctor Lionel Lambkin, Mr. Harley ; Mrs. Bantam, Miss Cooper ; Rose Maynard, Miss Lee ; Dainty, Mrs. Humby. To conclude with TEDDY THE TILER. Teddy Mid lo ney, Mr. G. Hodgson ; Flora, Mrs. Humby. Doors open at Half-past Six, and the Performances cods !nonce at Soven.—Dress Boxes 75., Second Price 3s. ,id. ; First and Second Circles 55., Second Price 2s. 6d. ; Pit 3s; Second Price 2s. ; Gallery Is. Tickets and Places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Whit low, at the Box-office, from Tea till Four, where Season Tickets may be had. Private Boxes to be had at the Box-office ; of Messrs. An drews, 167, New Bond-street; Mr. Mitchell, Old Bond-street; and of Mr. Sams, Pall Mall. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. THIS EVENING, OCT. 18, Will be presented a Drama, by Douglas Jerrold, Esq., en titled THE HAZARD OF THE DIE. Principal Characters by Messrs. Lyon, 0. Smith, Maynard, H. Beverly, Wright, Paul Bedford, Wilkinson, Mrs. H. Beverly, and Miss Chaplin. After which, THE DAUGHTER OF THE DANUBE. The Imp, Mr. Wieland ; Fleur-des-Champs, Mdme. Proche ; " The Frightful, Spiteful, Old Bachelor," Mrs. H. P. Grattan. To be followed by the Burletta of DOBSON and Co. To conclude with NORMA. Pollio, Mrs. H. P. Grattan ; Norma, Mr. Paul Bedford; Adalgisa, Mr. Wright. Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Doors open at half-past six, commence at seven o'clock. DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Continuation of the Nautical Dramas, in consequence of the immense overflows attracted by the heart•stirring acting of Mr. T. P. Cooke, the only acknowledged Sailer on the Stage. THIS EVENING, OCTOBER 1-t, Will be acted Mr. Albert Smith's new Drama, called BLANCHE HERIOT, which has met with most decided success. Neville Audely, Mr. H. Hughes ; Hugh Laneret, Mr. N. T. Hicks; Herrick Evenden , Mr. J. Webster; Blanche Heriot, Mrs. R. Honner. After which, MY POLL AND MY PARTNER JOE. Marry Hallyard, Mr. T. P. Cooke; Joe Tiller, Mr. R. Henner ; Mary Maybud, Mrs. R. Honner. To conclude with OF AGE TO-MORROW, embracing the strength of the entire Comic Company. Places and private Boxes to be had of Mr. J. Kerschner, at the Box-office, from eleven to four. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY. ;orning 5 minutes after 11 Evening ..... 24 minutes after 1. . , . App, "tore- „ d „ , - `2%. lii - 1 1 t .. z ttit . LONDON TUESDAY MORNING. OCTOBER 18, 1842: Some of our Tory Contemporaries havesought to extenuate the defalcation of the revenue by pointing to the late Turn-out, and such events, they think, will not happen every quarter; and, by referring to the general election as having swelled the Excise revenue in the last year. A little reflection on the mode in which Excise du ties are levied, will, we think, dissipate the delu sions they have built on these circumstances. There is no longer any duty on beer, and all the falling off caused by a diminution of the consumption of that article will show itself, not immediately, but hereafter, in the diminished consumption of malt, which yields more than a third of the Excise revenue. The Excise duty on spirits is not levied on the publican's stock, but at the distillery, and unless the Turn-out stopped distillation it is not likely to have had much effect on the Excise revenue this quarter. It began, be it remembered, when the quarter was half over. The Excise duties are levied on auctions; they were not much suspended by the Turn-out. Neither did it much interfere with making bricks, or glass, or paper, or soap, nor will& the post-horse duty, nor the manutitcture of vinegar. If for a short season the con• sumption of various articles was checked, the effect will be more perceptible, we believe, in future quarters than in the quarter just expired. This statement will serve also to refute the deductions drawn by the Tory journals from the last general election, the ad antages of which to the revenue were less shown in the quarter in which it fell, than in subsequent quarters, when more malt was made, and more spirits distilled. We are still inclined to think, therefore, that the condition of . our revenue, so far as that is derived from other sources than the Income-tax, is most deplorable, while it is a lamentable proof of the sufferings of the people, and the want of national prosperity. We feel not, on this account, the least despair fur the country. The source of its great ness and its wealth is the mind of its inhabitants. This shows no sign of decay, but is as active as ever, and is now particularly busy in tracing out the causes of the national suffering. The energies of our people are yet, we believe, un diminished. All the physical sources of their power—the fertility of the soil, the productive nets of their mine s , t h e teeming abundance of their seas, are as full as ever. The hand of the artisan has not lost its cunning, nor i s hi s surprising industry lessened. Pestilence h a s not thinned the people, nor has the sea devasted a single acre of our soil. The cause of the national distress is plainly of cwn imposing; it is not any curse inflicted by the hand of nature, except that it follows our transgressions of her laws, and our hope that this cause will speedily be exposed and re moved, is derived from the vast mental energy that is now engaged in scrutinising the public condition. The inquiry will show, we believe, that freedom of industry is the one thing needful, but whatever it shall demonstrate to be required, that, we are sure, the good sense of the country will speedily secure. An inquest has been held at Cheltenham on the body of CHARLES BEALE, a person recently confined in the Northleach House of Correction, whose death is said to have been caused by the severe discipline of the prison. After examining some witnesses, the Coroner adjourned the in quiry to Friday, that he might communicate with the authorities. We are not yet, therefore, en titled to say anything positive of the cause of the man's death. The authorities may place the 5ub ,;2410,11i rtpt light, and induc e us to came to li• . nclusion from that w hi ch the th•-tpTfttec • . =hi •• i gven s eems to just*. so vir reAlr+Vra:7lP 1"I "la • • ~~~ • far as that goes, it appears that the man was healthy when he was sent to the House of Cor rection in February, and having been sentenced to hard labour, was there placed on the tread wheel. His work in that situation was very fatiguing, and the prison diet insufficient nourish ment. When not on the wheel, he was confined to a cold damp cell, with nothing but a stone or an iron bedstead to sit on. Into these cold cells the prisoners were often removed from the wheel, with their shirts so wet with perspiration, that they could wring them. To these causes, and being made to work when he was unwell, his death is ascribed. Other persons complain of the treatment in the prison, and accuse it of great hardships and death. We are not disposed to aggravate these charges, or defend the system. As far as we know, our prison discipline, in spite of the many efforts which have been made to reconcile con finement and severe punishment with humanity —to gratify at once the kindly feelings of some, and the desire of vengeance in others—remains, and ever will remain, a sore trial for those who have not been educated, as it were, to live in a gaol. We doubt whether it be possible to re concile imprisonment and forced labour, in con junction with scanty fare and the privation of society, with the enjoyment of health. Man was not intended to be entombed till death, and a prison, with its clammy stone walls and stone floors, is little better than a tomb for the living. We shall be slow, therefore, to aggravate charges against those who have to administer the system, whatever the system itself may deserve. In carceration for a length of time, in conjunction with hard and forced labour, and insufficient diet, must, we believe, except in rare instances, be productive of feebleness, disease, and prema ture death. We are much afraid that none of the fine de vices adopted in model and other prisons are likely to get over the inherent qualities of the system. Men of acute feelings must, therefore, make up their minds to submit to much pain from sympathy, or give up the idea of severely punishing a great multitude of offences. We know no means of reconciling severe punishment with notions of great humanity; and putting men to death, transporting them, and imprison ing them, have accordingly, each in its turn, been condetnned,by those who chiefly consult their own feelings. Nor must those persons who make the effort to reconcile these opposites throw the blame, as they are generally wont, on the gaolers, or on medical men who have to look after the prisoners. It is the very nature of the trust confided to them to make them either severe or careless. The persons placed under their charge have no means of helping them selves. They are degraded, and almost at their mercy. It is impossible that the prisoners should inspire them with respect; and though gaolers, magistrates, and workhouse -masters may sometimes pity individuals, it seems almost impossible that they should treat paupers or prisoners with strict justice. The system, then, appears to exert a baneful influence on those who administer it, and we can rarely expect them to keep to the strict line of their duty. Such characteristics of the system, and the great extent to which it is now car ried out, require that the Press should.watch its operations and results attentively. Amongst the persons confined at Northleach, and who " perished," as the Times said, " unde a slow and torturing death," was a man named WILSON, whose offence was " deserting his fa r mily," and leaving them chargeable to the pa rish. A great multitude of persons get a month or two months at the tread-mill, which is at pre sent the favourite punishment, for many minor offences. The more frequently the punishment is inflicted, the more careless or severe will be men in authority, and all its bad consequences will be exasperated. Already it is attended with tke fatal consequences ascribed to it in the cases of BEALE and WILSON, and, being applied to a great many offences, it requires to be most assi duously watched. Nothing occurs more readily to the majority of mankind, includini legislators, than the idea that punishment is sure to prevent any given offence, and under this hasty conclu sion punishments have been amazingly increased. If first impressions —at least on such subjects— should be regarded with distrust, the present condition of our country (in which punishment seems to have lost its efficacy, and crimes to in crease even faster than gaols) should incline us very much to doubt the prevalent notion, and should rather make us check the enactment of so many• penal laws than hope to obviate the physical and moral evils of imprisonment by some ingenious devices. THE TRIAL OF MARSHAL NEY. (From the Edinburgh Review, just published.) In the beginning of 1815, Marshal Ney was Go vernor of Besancon, but residing on his estate near Chateaudun a town between Chartres and Orl eans , about 80 miles from Paris. On the 6th of March he received an order from Soult, then Minister of War, to proceed to Besancon. News travels slowly in France ; though Bonaparte had been five days in Provence, the fact was unknown at Chateaudun, and Ney, curious as to the motive of the order, took Paris in his road. He arrived on th e 7th, and found M. Batardy, his attorney, at his house waiting for him. They arranged some private business, and Batardy, surprised at Ney's making no allusion to what occu pied every mind in Paris, ventured to remark, "This is a strange event." " What event ?" answered Ney. "Don't you know," replied Batardy, "that Bonaparte has landed at Cannes—that Monsieur proceeded this morning to Lyons, and that you are ordered to your government ?' t At first Ney treated the news as in credible ; but when he was told that it was officially stated in the 3loniteur, he leant his head upon the mantel-piece and exclaimed, " What a calamity ! what a horrible event ! What can be done ?—what is there to oppose such a man as that ? Would he have ventured to return unless he had relied on find ing here enemies to the Government ?" Ney went immediately to the Minister, and was told that he would find his instructions at Besancon. He then saw the King, made his memorable promise to bring back Bonaparte in a cage, left Paris for Besancon, and appears to have arrived there during the night between the 9th and 10th. The 10th he employed in directing the forces under his control to meet at Lons le Saulnier, a small town to the South of Besancon, and to the east of the high-road from Lyons to Paris. On the 11th he set out himself for Lons le Saulnier. In,the mean time, Grenoble had opened its gates to Bonaparte ; he had rushed forward to Lyons, the second city in France, occupied by a considerable force under Monsieur and Marshal Mac donald. The city and the garrison had received him with enthusiasm ; Monsieur and Macdonald had been forced to fly ; the trifling band with which he had landed had been swelled by the garrisons of Grenoble and Lyons to more than 10,000 men, and was aug menting every day by th e d eser ti on rom the Royal forces of individuals, companies, and even regiments. On his road Ney met M. de St. Amour and M. de Soran returning from Lyons, who described to him the revolutionary madness which they had witnessed in the people, and the cries of Vive l'Empereur which they had heard from the troops whom they had met on their march. In the morn ing of the 12th he reached Lons le Saulnier. During the whole of that day, and until the night of the 13th, he appears to have been making active pre parations to attack Bonaparte, or at least to resist him. The troops nominally under his order did not amount to 5,000 men ; they were deficient in ammunition, and scarcely provided with artillery—the artillery horses having been hired by the farmers, and not to be found when unexpectedly wanted. Bonaparte's proclama tions were scattered round, and seemed everywhere to produce their intended effects. In the evening of the 13th, Ney's spies informed him that Bonaparte, preceding his own forces with an escort of only 40 men, had entered Macon in triumph ; that from Macon to Bourg (which is only seven posts from Lons le Saulnier) the whole country was in what the French call exaltation, that even the villagers, and the people in the fields, were crying Vive l'Empereur. Ney's last acts on the 13th were to make arrange ments—the prudence and details of which raised the admiration of the peers at his trial—to write to Mar shals Suchet and Oudinot, who were co-operating with him in support of the Royal cause. to communi cate his proceedings; and to require all the regimental and non-commissioned officers of his small force separately to swear before him to be faithful to the Bourbons. It is to be observed that on this very day, at a Council held in the Tuileries, it was ad mitted that resistance was hopeless—that not a soldier would fire on his former Emperor, and that the only debatable question was, in what direction the King should fly. Late in the night between the 13th and 14th, Ney was guilty of his first breach of duty. He admitted messengers from Bonaparte; they brought him a letter from Bertrand, assuring him that Louis had been been betrayed by his Ministers ; that troops de voted to Bonaparte had been posted along the road to Paris, so as to ensure his advance without opposition ; and that the whole enterprise had been concerted with England and Austria. The folly of the last statement ought not to revolt us, when we remember that the successor to Napoleon was the grandson of Francis, and that M. Berryer, who has passed his life in estimating evidence, even now believes that we effected Bonaparte's escape. Absurd as they really were, they did not appear so to Ney. With Ber trand's letter came a proclamation ready prepared in the name of Ney, in which he was made to declare that the cause of the Bourbons was lost for ever, and that liberty and Napoleon were triumphant. And there came also orders from Bonaparte, expressed as if the old relations between himself and Ney had remained uninterrupted, and giving instructions in the style which he had long been accustomed to obey. Between three and four in the morning of the 14th, he was roused from his sleep by M. de Capelle, the Prefect of Bourg, who had to tell him that one of his regiments, the 76th, stationed at Bourg, had pro claimed Bonaparte; that even the regiment at St. Amour, which formed the advanced guard of the small force at Lons de Saulnier, was preparing to go over; and that throughout the country the higher classes were stupified, and the lower mad with revo lutionary excitement. This information appears to have convinced him of the impossibility of further opposition. " Can I stop," he said to M. de Capelle, " with my hand the rising of the tide ?" A few hours afterwards he ordered his troops to be called together ; but before he took a decisive step, summoned the two generals next him in command, lie Bourmont and Le courbe, both of them supposed to be devoted to the King, showed them the proclamation, repeated the contents of Bertrand's letter, and asked their advice. No fourth person was present. De Bourmont and Lecourbe state that they urged him to remain faithful to the King ; Ney maintains that they approved of his joining Bonaparte. It is in favour of Ney's state ment that they both accompanied him to the parade, where the troops were formed in square, stood on each side of him while he read the proclamation, heard it without any expression of dissent, and dined with him the same evening. The dinner was silent and melancholy. We fully believe Ney's account of the effect produced on his own mind by the irrevocable step which he had taken. "From the time of that unhappy proclamation life was a burden to me ' • I wished for nothing but de a th, an d did a ll I could to find it at Waterloo. A hundred times I was on the point of blowing out my brains ; all that restrained me was my wish to defend my character. I knew that all honourable men must blame me—l blamed myself. I did wrong, I admit it, but I was not a traitor ; I was partly deceived, and partly carried away." Ney proceeded to meet Bonaparte at Dijon, and a few days afterwards was ordered to visit the northern and eastern frontier, from Lille to Landau, to ascer tain the state of the fortresses and hospitals; and to publish everywhere that Bonaparte had returned under a treaty between himself, England, and Austria —stipulating that he was never to carry on war be yond the frontier of France; that he was to give l'rance a liberal constitution ; and that his wife and child were to remain as hostages in Vienna until he had performed all the positive parts of his engage ment. Having executed his mission, he retired into the country, and took so little part in the transactions of Aiwa and May, that when, on the Ist of June, he s hee pi . a a d r e gt Constitution, emigrated. h t e e c B e r o, p o oa n ru y t ge h o t t eu told o h he havei n a l c c t he p atd t oa he oe c et so h o u f ul og t n h hg e t n ago," answered Ney ; " now it is too late." He returned after the battle of Waterloo to Paris ; and by his bold exposition in the Chamber of Peers, on the 22d of June, o f th e real facts and consequences ' of the battle, materially assisted in driving Bonaparte from power. In that speech Ney ma i ntained that the allies would be before Paris in a week. His predic tion was accomplished; and on the morning of the 3d of July it seemed probable that, before the evening, a battle would have been fought, more disastrous to France, and particularly to Paris, than any event in the history of the French nation. Davoust, who com manded the army defending the town, had a large body of infantry (80,000 men, according to M. Berryer), 25,000 cavalry, and between 400 and 500 pieces of field artillery —a force insufficient for victory, but suf ficient to maintain a contest destructive of the city in which it was to take place. Already the firing had begun, when the Provisional Government and Davoust sent to propose a negotiation; of which the bases were to be the entry of the allied forces, on the one hand, and the preservation of Paris and the security of all who inhabited it, on the other. On these terms the Convention of the 3d of July, 1815, was framed ; and ratified by the Duke of Wellington and Blucher on the part of the allies, and by Davoust on the part of the Provisional Government. The twelfth article provided that all the inhabitants, and generally all persons found in Paris, should continue to enjoy all their rights and liberty, and should not be liable to any molestation or inquiry whatsoever, with relation to their functions, to their conduct, or to their politi cal opinions. It appears, from the evidence of Gene ral Guilleminot, one of the r.-gotiators of the Conven tion, that this was the clause to which the defenders of Paris attached the most importance. Had it been re fused, he was to break off the discussion, and the battle , would have commenced. Relying on the protection given to him by the Con vention, Ney remained in Paris till the 6th of July, and continued in France until the 3d of August, when he was arrested on a charge of treason, and ordered to he tried by a court-martial, comprising among its members four of the Marshals of France. Ney protested against the jurisdiction of such a tri- COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, MONDAY.—Her Majesty and her Illus trious Consort walked this forenoon in the Slopes and the Home Park, and the Princess Royal was taken an airing. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by Sir E. Bowater, went out shooting in the Great Park. His Excellency Prince Esterhazy, the Austrian Ambassador, arrived at the Castle on a visit to the Queen. The Earl of Aberdeen, Sir Henry Wheatley, and Captain Francis Seymour, of the Scots' Fusilier Guards, also arrived to-day on a visit. In the afternoon Prince Albert rode out on horse back, attended by Sir E. Bowater. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent and Lady Charlotte Dundas, and the Hon. Mrs. Anson, will join the Royal Dinner Circle at the Castle this evening. Her Majesty's Private Baud and the Band of the Foot Regiment staying in Windsor, will be in attend ance this evening. M. fedel, Minister of the Netherlands, arrived at Wilton-crescent, last Sunday, from the Hague, where his Excellency, on his return from Germany, assisted at the marriage of her Royal Highness Princess Sophia of the ti etherlands with the Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe Weimar Eisenach. A Deputation from Leeds, of Flax-machine makers, consisting of Mr. P. Fairburn, Mr. Joseph Wordsworth, Mr. J. 0. March, Mr. J. Enley, Air. M. Johnson, and Mr. W. Stead, had an interview with the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, yesterday, at the office of the Board of Trade. The Earl of Aberdeen arrived in town yesterday morning, from the residence of Lord Haddo, at St. Leonard's, near 'Windsor. Count Kielmansegge, the Hanoverian Minister, visited his Lordship in the afternoon, at the Foreign -office. Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial.. office, from the Governor of Gibraltar. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Will you have the goodness to inquire of the Com mittee of the Travellers' Society why they do not resume their original payments to the decayed mem bers, which they gave notice, about twelve months since, they should be enabled to do at an early date. The subscribers are much dissatisfied, the Society hav ing such a large funded property, and the decayed members only receiving about 121. to 141. per annum. I am, &c., SYNOD or ABERDEEN.—The Synod of Aberdeen is a sore thorn in the side of the Non-Intrusionists. It will be remembered that the General Assembly, in May last, passed a resolution, suspending Dr. Grant and ten other clergymen from their judicial functions, for the alleged crime of assisting the Strathbogie mi nisters in the administration of the Lord's Supper Among that number were the Rev. James Robertson, of Ellon ; Rev. George Peter, of Kenmay ; and the Rev. Alexander Cushny, of Rayne ; all in the Pres bytery of Garioch. Accordingly, at the half -yearly meeting of the Synod of Aberdeen, held on Tuesday last, objections were taken to the name 3 of these gen tleman appearing on the roll of members. Similar objections were also taken to the names of the Rev. Mr. Middleton (whose settlement in the parish of Culsamond was declared void by a vote of last As sembly), and Mr. James Middleton, elder. The Synod, however, by a majority of 81 to 71, have re fused to give effect to the sentences of the Assembly with respect to these gentlemen and have retained their nam es on t h eir roll ! This is another serious blow at the usurped authority of the Non-Intrusion party, and will carry great dismay into their ranks. 1 It was easy to suspend or depose some dozen or so of contumacious members, but what will they make of 81 F—Scotsman. " The King will knight you," said Anson to Camp bell, as they were proceeding to Cour:. " I ken nae use that will be to me," was the reply. " But your might like it," said Anson. " \\reel then t ' re joined Campbell, " his Majesty may knight her, if he I. d y r d eases ."—Memairs of Keppel. the 10th inst., r T rmBE R DUTIES.—The reduced scale of duties erable activity foorp:ormateiotnimoen pArloodleaey last, in. the timber trade. Some sessels.have,Temained for c a a n in d weeks undischarged) waitins. the ,alteration of duty. ~. ~., ? • , THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY RVENING, OCTOBER 18, 1842. - t bunal, and the COurt, unfortunately, 'as Berryer thinks, for the prisoner, declared i itself incompetent. The cause, therefore, was transferred to the House of Peers, the Court appointed by 'the charter for the trial of treason, The object of Ney's counsel was to gain thee. They knew, from the experience of thirty live years of revolution, that political resentment is a passion sa fleeting as it is fierce; and that, if a delay of a few months could be obtained the Government would no longer have the courage to, execute him, nor indeed the wish. For this purpose they endeavoured to show, that although the charter rendered treason cognisable by the House of Peers, yet it laid down no rules by which the House was to be governed when sitting as a Court of criminal justice ; and they re quired that the trial should be suspended until a law regulating the procedure of the House should have been passed. M. Berryer's speech is an admirable specimen of legal and constitutional reasoning; and indicates, with great sagacity, the errors into which such a tribunal, unless supported and directed by strict regulations, would be likely to fall. The House, however, after a secret deliberation of an hour and a half, decided that the trial should go on. Objections were then raised to the indictment, and though they were over-ruled, so much time was gained, that the House, which had met for the trial on Nov. 11, did, not really begin it till Dec. 4. In the meantime, Ney had applied to the Ministers of the Allied Powers, and required them to interfere, and prevent the Convention of the 3d of July from being violated in his person: Their answer, drawn up by the Duke of Wellington, and adopted by the Ministers of Austria and PriisSia, stated that "the object of the 12th article was to prevent the adoption of any measure of severity; under the military autho rity of those who made it, towards any person in Paris, on account of the offices which they had filled, or their 'conduct, or their political opinions ; but it was not intended, and could not be intended, to pre vent either the existing French Government, or any French Government which should succeed to it, from acting in this respect as it might deem fit." In this extremity Madame Ney sought the aid of Lord Holland, a name illustrious throughout Europe as the friend of the oppressed. She requested him to lay Ney's memorial before the Prince Regent. It was done; but the only effect was a letter from . Lord Liverpool, referring her to the communication al ready made to her husband by the Duke of Welling ton. Lord Holland, however, - did not yet despair. He still thought that the Duke of Wellington's in terference might be obtained, and must be decisive; and in that hope he addressed to their common friend, Lord Kinnaird, then at Paris, a letter which was to be shown to the Duke. What effect it might have had cannot be told. It arrived the day after the sen tence had been executed. As this admirable letter has never been published, we cannot resist the temp tation of extracting some of its most material pas sages : " Middleton, Dec. 5, 1816. " Dear Kinn.aird,—What is passing at Paris annoys me more than I can describe. For La Valette, on the score of private acquaintance, though slight, I am much concerned ; but from regard to the character of our country, and to that of the Duke of Wellington (in whom, after the great things he has done, even as decided an opponent of the war as myself must feel a national interest), I have conceived more horror at the trials and executions going on in the teeth of our capitulation than mere humanity could create. " How can such a man as Wellington assert that the impunity for political conduct extends only to im punity from the Allies for offences committed against them ? When ships, when garrisons surrender, do the captains or commanders stipulate that the foreign conqueror shall not molest them for their political exertions ? With or without such stipulations, what shadow of right has a foreign enemy to punish indi viduals for opinions held or conduct pursued in their own country ? It is clear that the impunity promised was impunity for crimes, real or supposed, against a French Government. If the French Government was a party to that promise, by that promise it must abide; if not, the other Allies are bound in honour not to deliver over a town taken in virtue of it, without exacting the same terms from those to whom they deliver it. Such, perhaps, is the formal, technical way of putting the argument. Practi cally and substantially the case, if not more striking, is yet more conclusive to men of justice and honour. The Allies have virtually, I might say forma)ly, too, been masters of Paris, while the persons who de livered it to them on the faith of impunity for politi cal offences have for political offences been impri soned, tried, condemned, and executed! Wellington has himself precluded all doubt on the question. He maintained, in his letter to Lord Castlereagh, that there is no article in the capitulation securing to the town of Paris the pictures and statues ; and therefore he argues, and he acts on his argument, that the Al lies may seize the pictures, &c., and seize them with out any fresh or formal cession from Louis XVIII. Up to that time, then, the Allies, according to him, were in military possession of Paris, and up to that time, therefore, even upon his own view of the sub ject, the inhabitants were entitled to claim impunity for all political opinions and conduct. Those who had the right and the power of taking forcibly from Paris property not specified or disposed of in the capitula tion, notwithstanding the nomi na l governmen t o f Louis XVIII., must surely have a right to enforce on any such nominal and dependent Government the ob servance of the promises on the faith of which the in habitants had surrendered the town. "Technical arguments may pos s ibly b e urge d on both sid es ; and, though they appear t o me a ll i n favour of Ney's claim, it is not on th em I l ay s t ress, but on the obvious and practical aspect of the transac tion, as it must strike impartial men and posterity. The plain relation of the events in history will be this. A promise of security was held out to the inhabitants of Paris—they surrendered the town, and while Wellington and the Allies were still really in posses sion of it, Labedoyere was executed, and Ney was tried for political opinions and conduct. . Even of sub • sequent executions, and I fear there will be many, it will he said—the Allies delivered over their authority in Paris to a French Government, without exacting an observance of the stipulations on which' they had originally acquired it. " Had we taken Martinique in 1794, on a promise of not molesting individuals for political opinions or conduct, should we have been at liberty to cede it, had Louis XVIII. been then restored, without insisting on the impunity of all po litical offenders ; or, at the very least, on the right of leaving the country for all such as might have so offended ? In Egypt the French stipulated that no natives should be molested for their conduct or opinions during the war. We took military posses sion of the country on these terms, and then delivered it over to the political authority of the Ottoman Porte. When, however, the Capitan Pacha, acting under that authority, began murdering the Beys, and proceeding against the adherents of the French, we not only remonstrated and threatened, but actually protected the persecuted men within our own lines. Yet, by reference to the history of those times, we find that many blamed Lord Hutchinson for not having recourse to yet more violent methods, to en force on the legitimate political authority the observ ance of engagements entered into by our military power on taking military possession of the country. " What would Wellington himself have said, if the British troops had surrendered any town in Spain to the French with a similar stipulation, and if, on the flimsy and hypocritical subterfuge of a distinction between Joseph's Government and the French mili tary authorities, all the Spaniards who had assisted us during the siege had been prosecuted for treason against Joseph ? Yet, where is the distinction ? " The want of principle and consistency, and the disgusting changes of the Marshals, have, I know, steeled men's minds to their sufferings. This is na tural enough. But when the violence of the times is gone by, and, above all, when the tomb has closed on their offences, the transaction will be judged with re ference to the nature of the promise ' not to the con duct or misconduct of th e su ff erers . Si ego digna in p " Nor is this ati• ant faceres, tamen indi g nus qui feceris, Pamphile. If w e ju dge by former instances, even the crime itself w ill b e regar ded with m ore in dulgence by posterity than any irregular mode of punishing it. Allowance for individuals is made in all great changes. It is difficult in sudden emer gencies and great convulsions of state, especially for professional men whose lives have been passed in camps, to weigh maturely all the considerations by which their conduct should, in the strict line of duty, be regulated. Unforeseen cases occur, and men of good principles and understanding are hurried into acts of inconsistency and political immorality. "In this latter view of the subject, 1 know I am somewhat singul ar , F ew at present ma k e suc h allow ances for the politi ca l tergiversat i ons o f th e M ars h a l s ; and many, more ind u l gent than I am in their judg ment of political apostacy in England, are quite out rageous. with Frenchmen for not acting with in flexible principle in the most trying and difficUlt circumstances. Some, however, among the most in dignant at their crimes, yet doubt the justice, policy, and safety of punishing them ; and, more especially among the moderate of all parties, think the claim of the capitulation conclusive ; or, if not quite so, of a nature questionable enough to induce Wellington, for the preservation of his own and the national character, to give it the construction most favourable to the weaker party. "My opinion is of no importance ; but it is so strong that I could not resist expressing it to you, who have access to those whose character is most in terested in forming a sound one on this important subject. I have not spoken of La Vallette. All my arguments apply in his favour as strongly as in Ney's; and surely h e i s not, as ot h ers ma y be, any object of a bystander's indignation. He 'seems an honourable man throughout. Your's ever truly, " VASSALL HOLLAND." The progress of the trial had been comparatively rapid. In two sAtinp, on th e sth and 6th pf De- cember, each party proved satisfactorily their prin cipal points; the accusers, that the trea.son was legally completed—the defenders, that the eri me had been unpremeditated. But when M. Berryer opened the real defence, the Convention of the 3d of July, he was interrupted by the Counsel for the C:-own. M. Bellart, their leader, protested against any L'llu sions to a Convention, the conditions of which Vad been demanded by rebels, and had never been ac cepted by the King ; and he presented to the House a requisition, by which he formally opposed the read ing of the Convention, and any allusion to it, and required the House, by the Chancellor, its President, to order Marshal Ney and his defenders to confine their defence to the mere facts of the indictment. The Chancellor, speaking in the name of the House, answered that, foreseeing the line of defence that would be adopted, he had already taken the opinion of the House; and that the Peers had decided, by a large majority, that it would be be highly improper to rely in:that House on a Convention to which the King was no party, and by which it was obvious, from the mere fact of Ney's prosecution, that his Majesty did not consider himself bound. He therefore for bade the defenders to make any use of the Convention. Ney's counsel replied, that they bowed to the will of the King, and to the decision which the Court, without hearing them, had thought fit to adopt; but that they felt bound to offer a plea to the jurisdiction of the Court—namely, that Sarre Louis, the birth-place of their client, having been ceded to Prussia, he was no longer a subject of France. iiere, however, the counsel were interrupted by Ney. " No !" he exclaimed, " I was born a Frenchman— I will die a Frenchman. Up to this time my defence has been free, but I now see that it is to be fettered. I thank my generous defenders for the exertions which they have made, and which they are ready to make ; but I had rather have no defence than the mere shadow of one. If, when I am accused in the teeth of a solemn treaty, I am not allowed to appeal to it, I must appeal to Europe and to posterity." " Gentlemen, counsel for the prisoner," said the Chancellor, " continue your defence within the limits which I have prescribed." "My Lord,' said Ney, "I forbid my counsel to say another word. Your Excellency may give to the House what orders you think fit; but as to my counsel, they may go on if they are free, but if they are to be restrained by your limits I forbid them to speak. You see," he said, turning to M. Berryer, who was anxious to continue, " that it is a decided thing. I had rather have no defence than one chalked out by my accusers." " Then," said M. Bellart, we waive our right of reply; if the defence is at an end, so is the accusation. We have only to demand the judgment of the Court." " Have you anything to add ?" - said the Chancellor, turning to the prisoner and his counsel. " Nothing whatever," replied Ney, in rather an im patient tone. The Chamber was then cleared, and the Peers alone remained in deliberation ; the result of their de liberation, and of the attempts afterwards made to obtain a pardon, are too notorious to require repetition. The execution of Ney was one of the grossest faults of the Restoration ; his crime was great, but, as we have seen, it was not premeditated ; only a few hours elapsed between his active fidelity and his treason ; it was the effect of the pressure of circumstances of ex traordinary difficulty and perplexity on a mind unac customed to balance conflicting motives. MURDER AND ROBBERY IN DUNDEE. EDINBURGH, SATURDAY, OCT. 15.—The following particulars relate to a case of murder, perpetrated in Dundee on Thursday night, which, for cold-blooded atrocity, has had few parallels in this part of the coun try. On Thursday morning two men, who gave their names as M‘lienzie and Duff, and who appeared to be substantial north country graziers, on their way home from the Falkirk tryst, called at Mr. Croall's coach office, Prince's-street, and inquired into various parti culars regarding the starting of the Dundee coach, which leaves here at ten o'clock. They subsequently started by different routes, but ultimately joined each other at Newport. On crossing the Tay ferry, M'Kenzie's manner was observed to be somewhat agitated, so much so, that a person who knew him remarked to another that that was Mr. M'Kenzie, an extensive cattle dealer, but that he seemed to have got a slap over the fingers ; thus referring the strangeness of his manner to some sup posed loss he had sustained. The coach arrived at Dundee about four o'clock in the afternoon ; and our information regarding them from that time is not so precise. What is certain is, that in the evening two men, answering in all respects to these persons, and of whose identity with them our informant had no doubt, were walking out of Dundee ; and when beyond the Law, on the northern extremity of the town, and close to the Newtyle railway, the short man was shot from behind with a pistol, and it is supposed left for dead on the road. The poor man, however, recovered a little, and was able, we have been told, to crawl to some house in the neighbour hood, or otherwise obtained assistance, and had suffi cient strength left to tell the whole story, and to fix upon his companion as his murderer, charging him at the same time with having 1,0001. of his property in his possession. Information was immediately sent to the Dundee police-office, and a search being set on foot, the other was apprehended at eight o'clock yesterday (Friday) morning, in one of the carriages in the first train of the Dundee and Arbroath railway. The mur dered man died at five o'clock on Friday morning. The rumour in Dundee, when our informant left, was to the effect that the two parties had dined together in Dundee, and that Duff asked his companion for his property; that he evaded the request, under the pretence that that was not a proper place for settling their accounts, but proposed that they should both proceed to a friend of his a few miles out in the coun try, where they could get a bed for the night, and might settle their affairs quietly. To this in an evil hour the unhappy man consented. It is said that the tall man bought a pistol from a young man in a respectable ironmonger's shop in Dundee. It is remarkable that Thursday was the fast day in that town, so that he would have found some difficulty in finding a shop open. It is also said, that when he was apprehended a large sum of money was found upon him. This horrid case had excited, as well it might, a great sensation in Dundee, both from the respectable sphere in which both parties had previously been moving, and from the deliberate villany with which the murder must have been perpetrated. WOOLWICH-MONDAY. A letter was received at Woolwich last week, from Major Messiter, of the 28th Regiment, written a few days after his arrival in India from . New South Wales ; but there is not the slightest allusion in it to the 41st Regiment, and the near relations of the Major in this quarter cannot imagine how such an account as is said to have emanated from him could have found its way into the columns of the Standard, unless a mistake has occurred by substituting the 41st for the 44th Regiment. The letter from Major Mes siter to his sister, at Woolwich, is dated August 27, and does not allude further to military matters than merely an observation that he had assumed the com mand, and that, owing to the boisterous state of the weather, the 28th Regiment had not been able to land at the time his letter was written. Col. A. Creagh, CJ3., late of the 81st Foot, has been appointed Barrack Master of the North District, Gibraltar, vice Captain Chambre, retired on half-pay. The Dee steam-vessel, Ma s t er Commander Thomas Driver, arrived yesterday evening at Woolwich, from Gibraltar, and Captain Rawneley and Captain Hol combe's companies of the Royal Artillery, brought home in her, on being relieved at that station, disern. barked this morning at the dockyard, and marched to join headquarters in the garrison. Lieutenant-Co lonel Faddy, Royal Artillery, came home in the Dee, his term of duty at Gibraltar having expired. The Adventure transport ship arrived yesterday at Woolwich. THE ARMY IN INDIA.—The formation of three large armies speaks of more extended operations than a mere march on Caubul, or of a campaign in Affgha nistan. We have long been of opinion that the treacherous conduct of the Ameers of Scinde would require the presence of a large force in that country, to secure the safety of our commerce and communications with those countries through which the Indus flows. Sir Charles Napier, lately commanding the Poona Division of the Bombay army, has been nominated to the command of the troops about to be assembled, accord ing to the last accounts, in Lower Scinde. Our pri vate letters inform us that the 2d Bombay Regiment, her Majesty's 14th Light Dragoons, her Majesty's 22d, 28th, 78th, and 86th Regiments, would compose the European force, together with a proportionate body of Horse and Foot Artillery. This army was to be brigaded near Kurrachee by the first week in November. Already we have seen the detail of the large Army of Observation to be assembled at Sir hind, under the Commander-in-Chief; and we have since learned that General Nott is to proceed to Der Ismail Khan with 8,000 of his force, and will probably be united to the troops now under Pollock and Sale. To us it appears quite evident that Hyderabad, in Scinde,--Lahore, in the Punjab,—and Caubul, in Affghanistan,—will before long be in the possession of the British.— Naval and Military Gazette. UNAPPRECIATED GENIUS.—The Marquis of Lon donderry is an ill-used author. His last performance, as our readers are aware, was rejected, the other day, by the Conservative Committee of the Sunderland Library. Slighted, therefore, on the Wear, it proceeded ,in a huff to the Tees, and knocked at the door of the public library in Stockton. Well I the question was put to the vote whether the work should be admitted. Tivo gentlemen said "Aye! " the remainder said !` No!! " The Noes have it," said the Chairman ; and ,the book vies turned from the door. " Too bad "--Gateshead Observer, T HE BRITISH STATESMAN, Office. 170, Fleet street, Oct. 17, 1842. Mr. O'BRIEN begs to inform the Chartist Public, and the friends of Complete Suffrage, that owing to the urgent requests of a great number of staunch Friends and Subscribers to the above .Journal, the Proprietors have decided on bringing out the BRITISH STATESMAN as usual, on Saturday next, Oct. 22, and tile following Saturday, Oct. ti 9, thus affording time for other arrangements to be made, or disposing -of it to parties who will consent to carry it on, on its present principles. P.S. Mr. O'BRIEN Rill state further particulars in next Saturday's paper. Art r tk* „ Ant *crontiWeibttton SUN OFFICE Three o'Cloch• ' The vast beneficial results that to a certainty might be obtained by a vigorous prosecution of the war in China, form a striking contrast to the weak, vacillating, and sluggish system so long pursued by the British Government in that quar ter. Had the commanders ofthe naval and military forces been supplied with the means (and this migh t ' have been done at one-tenth of the expense incurred in other regions), England at this mo ment would have been in possession of some of the finest tracts along the Chinese coast, and as many of the rich islands in the Eastern Sea as she chose to occupy. War, too, can be carried on there with little loss of life, the Chinese Government and army, which hardly de serves the name, only are hostile; and the people, from the concurrent testimony of wit nesses, would as gladly be placed under the do minion of :England as remain in their present condition. It woult thus be easy to carry on a most extensive trade with the large towns on the mainland, and establish commercial relations also with the populous islands scattered through that extensive sea. Results like these would not only benefit England; the Chinese themselves would soon feel the advantages, and every trading community in Europe would zome in for ashore of the profitable commerce. In place, however, of taking steps to accomplish such noble undertak ing, the Government is crippling our resources in China by collecting large forces at the extremity of our Indian possessions, for what object no one can tell, and at the same time keeps some sixteen regiments in Canada to watch the movements of Mr. LAFONTAINE and Mr. BALDWIN 4 What is Canada to us compared with rich settlements in the East, and what benefit could we confer on her population, which could at all come into competition with the blessings which England might be the means of introducing among the heathen nations in Asia? It is a most ruinous policy to retain Canada by force. If the people cannot be reconciled to the domi nion of the mother country ; if troops are to be constantly quartered in the British North Ame rican provinces ; and England, too, is to be taxed for making roads, and canals, and other improvements, which benefit chiefly the Ca nadians, and will one day become their property, it would be better to come to an un derstanding with the Provincial Parliament at once. As affairs are managed at present Eng land "pays too much for her whistle," and the misfortune is, that she will have to pay every year more as the colony becomes more powerful, till the time arrives when a tremendous struggle is • made for inde pendence, and this country must yield with a bad grace or obtain victory at a fearful expense. The trade with the United States has increased tenfolds nee the separation, which cost England so much ; and we see no reason why Canada, when left to her own exertions, and un shackled by Parliamentary restrictions, should not imitate the example. We trust, therefore, that these subjects will be taken up by some influential Member next session, and also that Parliament twill urge on the Govern ment to display something like energy in a war, which could easily be brought to a speedy and satisfactory conclusion, and which, if prOperly conducted, might be the means of bringing.within the, ale of civilised society three itundred millions of our fellow -creatures. At a meeting of the inhabitants of Lambeth and the neighbouring parishes, held yesterday evening, at the White Hart-tavern, Kennington cross, " for the purpose of taking into considera tion"—as the circular convening the meeting states—" the conduct of the Lambeth and Vauxhall Water Companies, in raising their rates for the supply of that necessary article of consumption, from thirty to fifty, and even one hundred and fifty per cent. without any justification for so doing"—at this meeting the conduct of the district Water Companies in so acting, was commented on in deserved terms of reprehension; and one speaker observed that it was evident from their sudden and unjustifiable raising of the rates, that both Companies had formed a coalition. If this really be the case, and the two Companies in question persist in re fusing to give any explanations respecting their extraordinary proceedings, it is full time that they should be brought to book, and their at tempts at monopoly be resisted to the utmost. Possibly, the project—which it seems is seriously entertained in the parish—of starting a new Company, with a view to supply the inhabitants with cheap and wholesome water, may have the effect of bringing the existing Companies to their senses. Madrid papers to the Oth have been received. Tt appears that the Government are actively engaged in realising money by the sale of na tional property, and have issued an order ad dressed to the Intendants of Provinces, enjoining then► to proceed immediately to the valuation and advertisement for sale of all national pro perty i❑ their respective districts, whether pro posals have been made for the lots to be sold or not. In case of want of zeal or of ability on the part of the Intendants, the Superior Junta, esta blished for the management of the sale of the national property, are authorised to appoint Special Commissioners to carry the orders of Government into speedy effect the Intendants and their dependents being bound to give these Commissioners access to all documents, and fur nish them with all information required. The favourable state of the French revenue, as exhibited in the returns published in The Sun yesterday, supplies the leading topics for discus sion in the Paris papers ofSunday. The increase during the first nine months of the year 1842, as compared with the receipts for the same period in the year 1841, amounts to 23,370,000 francs, or about 1,000,0001.; and we can assure our neigh bours that it affords us great satisfaction to see the finances of that country in such a prosperous condition. Independent of the security which well-regulated finances and increasing trade in France give to the peace of Europe, it is a matter of congratulation, and must afford satisfac tion to every well-regulated mind, to know that the condition of the people is daily improving, and that they are thereby enabled to contribute the revenue, in one year, not less than a mil . , lion and a quarter sterling more than they did on the preceding year. Should not this co►►vince them of the blessings of peace, and put to shame the writers in the National and the Constitu- ;onnel, and the war faction, who would throw the world into confusion, and to a certainty destroy the trade of France from an absurd hatred to this country ? Much, however, yet remains to be done for their trade and manufac tures, for in several districts, according to these papers, great distress prevails. The manufacturing classes in Lyons are in a deplorable state ; few orders are received, and the sales are made at such a loss, that this season is considered the worst that has been experienced for many years. At St. Etienne trade is very dull, and the mar kets in general feel the depression. The Journal des Debats, a Ministerial paper, thus draws the contrast between the finances of this country and France : " The amount of the indirect taxation has attained in the present returns a higher one than at any pre vious period, and the details are as satisfactory as the enBemble, as the increase has been on articles con- surned by the poorer classes of society. ..Nutiy; beet-root sugar, had increased thirty-three per , Pt. 1 .4 and colonial eight per cent., whilst the CUstOms had" progressed eleven per cent., stamp: duty six per cent., potable liquors four per cent. Such are the results at which all good citizens must rejoice, and 'which the Government may present with satisfaction to its foreign or domestic foes—facts which triumphantly refute idle declamation. They are the more satis factory, and display our strength, as the increase, has not been obtained from any extraordinary system`of and in despit e o f cons id era bl e re d uc tions in ... our Custom-hous e t a riff; an d on a l most a ll t h e direct taxes. Whilst w e b e h o ld a ne i g hb our i ng co untry making heroi c , b u t, un f or t unate l y, unpro d uc ti ve e xer tions to prevent a crisis which all Sir R. Peel's talent seems unable to keep off, France, notwithstanding the cruel circurnstance3 which have so tried her, but strong in that salutary activity which is inspired by:, a sincerely free Government, continues to enjoy tbe development of riches and prosperity unknown till this day." The negotiations for a new commercial treaty with Belgium still occupy the public mind at Paris. On this subject the Constitutiona l makes the following remarks, which are per . fi'ctly just as regards England : We can very well understand that Belgium anx". . ..; ously desires to extend her commercial relations with'. rt l ,- ; France, and that her manufacturers seek in our markets outlets for their productions, which • other countries do not offer them. It must be confessek i iz however, that B e l g i um h as no t encourage d F ra nce' fil: ri fr w the road of c oncess i on on w hi c h s h e h a d en terea... o g Both in a commer c i a l an d po liti ca l po i nt o f v i e w, th! o, proceedings of Belgium towards us give rise to sever,":o' remarks. We ha ve l ong s i nce known that gratitune is not a virtue for which the Belgians are famed, hut,l,, at least it would be supposed that they would baYe . )i .,,, f g some feeling for their p resen t an d f uture s i tua tion, 'as t , T bA they must w e ll k now th at w i t h out t h e sup p o rt , France the existence of Belgium as a nation . wou ltl i be but insecure, and that with us alone conla . it she find real and durable resources for her foreign° commerce. If France, therefore, should close her gates to her productions, Belgium must be e ic- • posed to inevitable ruin. The special trade of 136 `:: gium, imports and exports combined, with foreir. countries in 1834, was 300,0 00,000 f.; i n 1841 amounted to 363,000,000 f. In the first of 6"; amounts France alone figured to the extent 92,000,000 f., and in the latter of 107,000,0001. 1 1 ; tige: importation into France of Belgian linens ainouh.ter:tillq' in 1834 to 27,000,000 f.; in 1838 to ,more tna.'! o 9-P i 34,000,000 f. The advantages secured to Belgium .ht the late treaty cannot fail to increase this , amtnia,_kir s . 1 55 i These facts we think should in a manner rem0vet.,.°" 9 % 919 4 ter 26 , antipathy which the Belgians show against 0,1 4 / 0 'i t what reason we know not. England herself' has . "' ~-fv:.”( ' • O, given us so many subjects of complaint in cornin.., e ,fry ~ ,it coral affairs as Belgium has done;_ and perhaps if'" a vn,", had consented to make to Great Britain so many r e tie concessions as we have done to the new kingdom, aid would in return have made concessions which w0,,,, a ,, e have been of great advantage to our commerce. Belgian Government cannot but be aware that Franc" offers her the most important outlet for her comn3er ce Can she, th ere f ore , b y ill-t reat i ng F rance, t hi n k that she can more readily enter into an alliance with Ge r " many ? UP to this day no State foreign to the Ger - manic Confederation has entered into the Gerw all ,l4V . , 4 l , Association. That association, although purely Or I 31( 1 mercial In its form, is nev e rth e l ess imprintedwith s certain political character, ver y compatible with its organic formation, b u t littl e suitable to the politicsi system of the other St a t es . The question of the ri g ht o f persona l sear.chN't; ' ,i' claimed by the Post-office agents, has been , !1-T,..k . ,„; tided by the Court o f C assat i on aga i nst t hat 491 1 ••Ni s if/ ministration. The Criminal Chamber of th at- TO Court lately enacted that th e searc h, authorJ—oi ed.l by the decree of 27th Prairial, year 9, cannot h e 0 c.,.P; 301 extended beyo n d cer t a i n li m i ts , f orma lly sPe ci- i .0 1°,,,,if fled therein ; th a t t h e p rov i s i ons o f t h a t decre e, iii; o 4l 'are not applic a bl e e i t h er to t h e p erson s of tr".':q. yellers or t o th e i r e ffe cts ; an d that conseq uently the latter ought not to be subjected to an oblig tv :: l er, tion that is not imposed ~ on them by the 1811 ... ,, ' c t c 5 The pretension of the Post-office to search tn:,.-I tig , persons or baggage of travellers for letters 13 ,,,fri ti v .1 been pronounced unfounded by the highest len t i l; authority in the kingdom, and resistance to tPa ' 0 41 ! t i ea. pretension declared lawf u l. „ The price of bread had experienced a slight te d l q triei j i A . in Paris, that of the first quality being 34 04. during the se c o n d f or t n i g ht o f O cto b e r, at d:`'Cliiff cents. per kilogramme ; an d th a t o f the sec () , i quality at 20 cent s . 011 9 4 v' _ „doi, '~~ ;n MONEY and COMMERCIAL N . ,„,. .' ~ri . The English Cl f r uu ir ds Q h U av A e l b e e T e E n ß ste T agy t l' o ld -PI I .X 7:I°I .'1 '...,'1': ; more business doing, and money is freely obtainab l e' '" 11. Consols are, 93} to 93i fbr present transf er ' to ' '. ill and 938 i for time. Exchequer Bills ' obtain 5 " 9 *. 0 )9 9, to 575. premium ; and India Bonds 465, to 48s. p r e y - 3 /li P mium. The New Three .and-a-Half per Cents; ftreo9‘),,i l Si 1008 to 100,3 ; and the Reduced Three per Cents* ' l ' l ll 928 to 924. Bank Stock is steady at 165 t o 1661; , i' lg i ., fil' and India Stock at 2511 to 252. . . ow gl • It Foreign Bonds are dull. Spanish Actives at 16; 3 , 1 1 . Portuguese Three per Cents. at 224 ; M ex i ca n at 3 2 ' - i i olt 0 to f ; and Dutch T wo - an d- a -H a lf p er C en t s at 52i .'i' t pit 1 0 to 521. In Railway Shares we notice but few operations. .!'' l 7 : p it Brighton are 138 131 dis ., and Birmingham New 28 'lis9i!, ; prem. V ''r; { ~) It is to be regretted that the lett e rs from Liver- 191;!.108 pool report n o i ncrease o f ac ti v it y i n the Coda' 11 8 Markets, the sales continuing very limited ascompare a '.'',, d i to former periods. Yesterday th e y on ly amounted :-10,41,:i to 3,500 bales at former rites with a moderate demand' .; ; ) 1( 0 4 Nor is the apathy reigning throughout the country . ., if iee!:; confined to mere commercial matters. The monetary ' ,, 00 , ,i markets, notwithstanding the abundance of capital , . ,- , t o , are entirely overlooked, and Railway Shares be.q‘) :)l ;it I t prices indicative of but little buoyancy. At Lim:4 i T o: i i pool the sales yesterday were not large, but quotationre) fl were steady. Edinburgh and Glasgow, 45i; Orallv!'', l / 1 (1 0 , 1 0 Junction, 172; Great Western Half, 60 ; Birroillg: - j yt.t barn, 1824 ; South Western, 57i ; and SoutP,li eve, fr ) i io .l i Eastern New, 11i. 1 t -14 of The wind has allowed of numerous arrivals, but 1,,,,1 they are chiefly from the Continent, and we have 0° O ,l l /,1 PI , i tt late ship letters. n , litl fr 0 0 MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, OCT. 17. -- r . ,ia ll oll market presents no new feature ; the transactions are ' ~ w/ 41 `Western , aoitkoil, Again very limited. London and South 571,; Manchester and Birmingham, 191 ; Manchester. , t , ,, o l sie and Leeds, Half-shares, 294- ' 29i- ; Ditto Quart eri g r i ii" shares, 4 41; Manchesterand - Salford Bank, 1011. ''.„eiVll ' Jo CLOSING PRICES. . f .,4 3 111 41 BRITISH FUNDS. 9 ntil . ) , i`" HA Bank Stock - . 0 i .. bi'.l 3 per Cent. Rid. .... ... 92a ;Ditto Bonds ............ 48 1' , 41 .0 .0" , 3 per Cent. C0n5..... 934 i Ditto Old Annuities ... ''''- : 11 1° ,4 1 6 9 , 3i per Cent. Red.........100i Ditto' New Annuities•-• ---n0 Fib J! " ijti° New 3i per Cent... ...... 101i1 'Ex. Bills, 1,00/.... 2 d• 55 1 ; r a f i.,,, 9 0 99 ,1 d N'w 5 per Cent Ditto 500/....• • ..; na l - i flO ir- Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small ..... • uu r. .1 9 " 4 . Jan. 1860 ........• l2a Bank Stock for Acct. ' - ':‘,.4oXr o'll Oct. 1859 ' 12 i India Stock for Acct... '"‘" • ,fI9P a ns 933- • To r iod Jan. 1860 l2i Consols for Acct. . ..... ,f-ii ' 9'if FOREIGN FUNDS. ~ PP- 4 , ,,,ii` Austrian, 5 per cent.... Portuguese, 5 per cent. ----' ,l'''''' .• ' 38 • . ' Belgian, 5 per cent Ditto, New Ditt0......... , ..... , Brazilian Bonds... Prussian, 5 per cent. .•• ...; ' Buenos Ayres6 percent. 224 Russian , 5 pet cent. ..... Chilian, 6 per cent. Ditto, Metallic ...... . .••• j6k Colombian, 6 per cent — Spanish, 5 per cent..•••• .... Ditto, 1ti124 — Ditto , Deferred.... • , -- ~...c. Cuba Bonds, 6 p e r ce n t. 79 F renc h, 5 per cent. - - „L• c. Danish, 3 per :ent — Exchange........... --4 , ....c. Greek, 1825, 5 pe r cen t .— French, 3 per cent. --z •of Mexican, 5 per cent o2} Dutch, 24 per cent. ..... io ok Ditto, 6 per cent. 1837 Ditt o , 5 p er ce nt. .. ••• ' Peruvian, 1825,6 per et. -- 4o . 10 4 SHARES. 46 Edinburgh and Glasgow (50 paid) ...••• ••••• 83 Great Western, (65 paid) Ditto New Shares (50 paid ............ 36A London and Brighton (50 paid) .. 101 Ditto Loan Notes (10 p a id) .. •• bi London and Blackwall ( paid) ••• London and Birmingham (90). ...... .••••• •• 30 Ditto New Shares ( 2 paid 1•• ......... 571 London and South We s t ern . (4116s 10d Pa) 2 0 Manchester and Birmingham (40 paid)... •• Midland Counties Railway (100 paid) ...... go North Midland Railway (100) .............. 221 Paris and Rouen (18 paid) ........ South Eastern and Dover (50 paid) .......•• Ditto Scrip (15 paid) ........................ York and North Midland (50 paid) •••****" 37 Ditto New Shares (20 paid)... ......... ••• ;d r oil 40 ( lo I ,f1.? 1 g o f,op LLOYD'S SHIPPIN G__(THIS LONDON, O CT . 18.—Wind this day at n oon, ig south-westerly breeze, and fine clear weat her. DEAL, OCT. 17.—Wind S.S.E.---51d• St. Geo r g Novice, Sydney. • PORTSMOUT H OCT. 17.—Wind to Arrd. Bern ar d, ' Drimble, Sierra Leone. THE MARKETS.—(THIS DAY.) WHITECHAPEL. There was l andon middling demand. Of Straw the supPlY sc Ss•~ "all of quickly - . Clover, 21.10 x• lost. a . a arge supply of Hay and Clover, av4;icthe, Refined Su Hay, 21. Bs. to 41. 45.; Straw, 1/. 12s. to 1/.• COLONIAL MARKET. B. P. prices' s teady . _ not much inquired after, but more unalter ed, Loffee, prices merely nominal. Rice was Sugar met a good sale at -very full good white Bengal 12s. to 12s. 6d. per cwt. P e Ps_ was firm, and a steady business done. rim er" in quired after, and full prices paid. Saltpetre tires better demand. r TEA MARKET l• a el' Prices were precisely the same as. n t the public 5 just concluded. The buyers were shy. TALLOW MARKET. t. or But little business was done, either on the 40- dt:iv er t for arrival. The best quality for' immediate was 48s. 6d. per owt, ) ...; r , ~A1, ( 1, 14 ) 1 r f 9 ~~ Ifj~ ~~i ~ 'it ' ' P 'l 6o 10 4 g 11 :,°9 ° fl oe' 11P . ( 1 • .101 Int: C a l N . , the