The Sun. — London, England, 1842-03-04 00:00:00

ad oc- Hoar.) at the . - ;11 they e at the tinising s to the om the • - 4 It was .; wanted proved 1:1 part of of 4 Pa 1, from is were - t s uffer. ant 41W, isibility 1, been : s , 3t ti under tted to ere the s to in like the There ica had esult of and on future lade in to whO ber fo r ' axed to .s. li e , c , prig" it w 33 b e en ' ended , nission they cd and t y that F great 3e - diet sion a 9 le h e 41 bills Le limit 1 come 1 come tidtha t or th e wished Exche it was' rfthosa Fusion e that nudin ipoun: si r , that ng 5 fret /4 s AO° 1 - ye ue r gell Oil. W g4 forged Le Y4x -0.81" there issue ,' erg n sho, v , r , ate b tOe I 01 bir• Pr- Ole -~~-_. '~ _~ Ti` ht inoc; 1 , ort, r ° ! brge' [ i t Rn >at th e recommendation - which had the effect of &terring capi tialists from embarking in railway undertakings in Ire 'nil, The recommendation was that the selection of rr‘thie, great lines should not be left to private capitalists. e t __ t i e t was sufficient to destroy the hopes of railway enter tins in that country ; and this gave him a strong claim 1 , 1 ,, 3 , 1 the consideration of the Ilouse. The second re- W__ e ll was made in June, 1838, and it was attributed to is of the ablest men of the present age, the late Mr. to " e nd. The rep or t s h owe d t h at t h e b est way tete' v e Ireland the advantage of a railway sys the rt `las that th e G overnment shoul d undertake nary --"enagenient, whereby th e enormous prelimi tetra:Penses—law an d P ar li amentary — an d t h e wer e i n a nt compensati on p a id t o owners o f l an d, w hi c h avoid ed lurred by a ll t h e Engl i sh Ra i lways, woul d b e I:t a i l The Parliamentary expenses of the English , r estilt s amounted in the aggregate to 1,716,000/. The c ent. l ;.'as that the public were obliged to pay 100 per th an „ 'is r her under the system pursued in this country pelf de r that pursued in Belgium. The rate of tra sen;s: in the latter country was li e d. a mile for pas to 4 6 d e rat for limestone from ld. to 3d., for coals from id. tru st , and for manufactured goods from 2d. to 6d. He te n d ed that the benefits of such a system would be ex- Lt en g to Irel an d — that the errors committed in the con he b e " of other ra il roa d s may be avoided, and that Na m ne fits of rail roa d communication, with all the ad- Vith ag a es and improve men t s o f th e b es t s y s t em , c ombined Th e moderat e expend i ture, may b e secure d to h er th at 'Peculator must be sanguine, indeed, who" expected ra , il waY with. two parallel lines of road would, in tend Leland De a remunerating one. Still, they ought to ex- I n 18 0 Ir e l and the advantages of the railroad system. fo r his Noble F r i en d h a d b roug ht f or wa r d his A c t obtain con struction of lines of railroad in Ireland, and lure ed the sanction of th e Legi s l a tu re to the expendi a t wo millions and a half. He hailed the proposal Ile ha PPY omen, and endeavoured to impress on the th t ' t ise, that it would be a more judicious application of p ert • s urn, if it was applied to the construction of given West an -of three great lines to the north, south, and portions and to be distributed among them in equal pro ele°°s• Re read a resolution of a public meeting, over e rh the Right Hon. Member for Dublin presided, re °-"ell,ffing the plan for forwarding three lines alee; (4 ';• The House would perceive that this ev f 4 et had been six years under discussion. How -1)/1124'1°h he might regret the late change of Ad iStratient he still hoped that the Noble Lord, the tine:"t Secretary for Ireland, would show the same re ed ie e t .. Y, which had been shown by his predecessor to to the Ireland a source of strength instead of weakness ad va. -- w einn , lre. • Now, nothing would contribute more to ken t : ; ° the social condition of a country than improve esta6.'° its means of communication, and especially, the A ust rianient of railways The Governments of Russia,. en, and the United" * States had devoted their parti ng J.- attention to that .subject. In England, there were of: h i i 7 so mil es o f ra il way, w hi c h h a d cos t 60,000,000/. ; to 'l ici t 10 ,000000/. had been swallowed up Parliamen-- let4'xnenses, and of that stun 6,720,000/. were abso-• and Y and unnecessarily thrown away. The most direct t: a-s d' mode of communication would contribute to the in u e r 4 , 4l advantage - s of both this country and Ireland, and ase that identity of interest upon which so much those the prosperity of both countries. Ile trusted that inot)„--e co nsiderations would have their due weight, and the h e n ce upon the mind of the Right Hon. Baronet at Righ t e d of her Majesty's - Government, and that the dat," -011 . Baronet would either adopt those recommen to 1°- o r any other means which might be thought best h e m ote these objects. There was another fact which Net'. French) thought it right to state to the House. Go Ps lion. Gentlemen were not aware that the tedelrement in every instance had gained very conside.r -ae,e:l the advances made from time to time for rail -10'4./* The system of making those advances was this s tinnose was lent, at 5 per cent. for eleven years, ie-eievernrnent had that money for 3 per cent., which e ev en years a moun t e d t o 334 showing a clear gain of Chancellor eer on every transaction of that nature. The toold c of the Exchequer was aware of those facts, and (eihontradict him (Mr. French) if he was not right. and . Ron. Member then read a statement of the imports a r .,,Ports of I re l an d f or seve r a l y ears p as t, s h ow i ng than increas e on b o th.) That increase showed, more int er a nY "ords could &' i how essential it was that the l ion of Ireland should e U ld be attended to. In propor th - 1. 43 the resou rces o f I re l an d wer e d eve loped, would snurdens of England be diminished ;. and these re ng be speedily and fully developed by allow thlstuein to use, what was used with no sparing hand in itatl e t i3 e ll° .!rY, viz, railway communication. He felt he la:1.--° 1911 g trespassed on • the time of the House, and il'acTil.d therefore conclude with the motion of which late giren notice—" That this House do resolve itself C ommittee i tf . a:% .. : ll,dbe of the whole House, for the purpose ahe` -e P a ring an Address to her Majesty, praying that graciously pleased to recommend to Par kostent, that such measures shall be taken as may appear lik col t 0 3' to secure to Ireland the advantage of railway Munict; the ion. ,PEAKER inquired if the motion of the tind ''''ember was intended to raise money (as we °f trh -Mr FR ENCH said his object was to call theattentionin IrehZ d a i . e stfs Government to the subject of Railways r a s twor. I pi AAV rose to second the proposition. He had Pri eha i°4 object' in view; first, he hoped that . his Hon. would not persist in pressing his motion on her to '"teet•Y G overnmente—(Loud laughter.) He intended time, c„ the motion, but lie felt that at the present e:' c`i4slderine• the great measure to. be introduced by rrAlluatstye Ministers, - and considering that the Go o e e t _ n at the resent moment were not in a position to te se4tlisfeneh intormation as would enable them t o o come fa.;_ourabl ‘eketot4°llYeuP°' emon were t Conclusion, and considering that if a de n the subject now, it would be un . - cotee non the views which he_ (Mr. Shaw) held in th ew , ' with the Hon. Gentleman, therefore, he co ,-, It it Would be unwise to press the motion . on the r a „ v ; er ninent He had another object in seconding the - "tu es tate to the House his entire con eillreh Which M'a to s the Hon. Gentleman when lie CO in the sews o 4 o e 1 that railifly communication si would be of infinite t eat t o Ireland. He (Mr. law) should be very sorry a ci h i l e,t an opportunity slip for promoting a measure h e el was of real and permanent interest to Ireland, Rath in which no party feelings were involved. Ih„ . 2'egard to the particular object . now brought before the roues. by the Hon. Gentleman opposite. he would not endea slci4T i nfo prevent him pressing his measure, but he must say, from theintorrnation he had collected on the subject, as well from nt Iteports of the Railway Commission from the Report f t Committee of the House, he did believe that a system o 1 11 1 -1 ' might be introduced, with the best possible effect into .a e . se t , e fee _ provided it were a combined, general, and economical ite 7" l , in opposition to the system as underta _ by hat th e bodies at present.—( Hear.) He thought I,er question as to whether the system would be remu tte°, o would turn on the fact of the manner Brit would trance re conducted—combined or . not. If Govern- Preii !Quid introduce such a measure, and enact the neces!ary sa„tnl " ri aries, and, being combined as he said before, that is to lin e Y having a common station in Dublin, and a part of the the 55 Y eight o r ten miles common to all the line, no doubt at, e roea sure would be remunerative, but it would only ori t „ l ' d on wheth er i t were con d uc t e d on th a t p r i nc i p l e th e ' rivate body. He thought nothing should be done till kuott n le subj ect was properly be f ore t h e House. 'There was tel tt ,• e r Point, t o w hi ch, however, h e s h ou ld not re f er at l engt h , ttel 4 - „ ve to th e i ncrease d f ac ili ty o f commun i cat i on b e t ween lou r :" and the m e t ro p o li s ; b u t h e would say that the whole ti tre from L ondon to Dublin might b e performed in the consumed in the passage from Liverpool to Dublin, eoteid Wa s fourtee n h ours . Th e Hou s e had lately expended thisnd torn erahle. sums in improving harbours, &c., to facilitate 6 °lio rn s t nle ation, and he thought they were aware of the . great tese h i e a nce of maki ng th e commun i c ation as expeditious as irer po ' lie thou g ht th e d angerous com munication between and Dublin ought to be p tio ut an endjo as soon . a l s r oad t e 115 thought if a communication were effictedby rai , I . - t "gh Wales, thereby having long land travelling and - \ Re sea. age the best results would take lace.— te ar i hear.) ' voy He' was convinced if the Governmen p t could kie t rev ailed on to cons i der o f t h e improvements that th roo Le e ff ected by a general system of railways in th:nout Ireland they would be secured a full return of public economy, by saving, in Post-office ?ern e;°ns and other Government objects, a sum consider- Drot i Z i 'rmer than any they wnuld be called upon to expend in 1 2 1 otteiiI n g the objeCt he was desitous to see advanced. He e'Peot t " his Friend should allow the Government to have an '''s r r , 4l 'itY of looking further into the subject. If he refused t e l i t lesl, then he should ask his Noble Friend, the Secretary Al r r e tti rs , not to come to any positive decision onithe subj .. ect. I,l'eika''shpiNGTON must say that the Right Hon. Gen -"enbaek d I ; d in a very indifferent manner. p r esent er. there r , otinn the purpose of of or negativ:ng the ; B . ef9 he sat down he would allude tr . . a he had re pre‘.ented to the House from parties tibli, e- m with the Railroads be-ween Belfast and Lurgan te , vegun-,and Drogheda Those parties did not seek publicimmedia ''talat et rY aid from . the Government. What the tee 4 s . was that the Government should give a guaran 4 „" i vtuer er eeot. for half the capital that the former should then they would give the Government the the ir of the system. He also hoped that the Govern ugh enable th Proprietors to get their Bills cheaply Coe,gh Paha te • e f rteOceennteOlnlint ;for would• C l h t p en sbee impossibleas the London for a a i n id y . IBriiarh k which had er had u t ex- p a y. Considering the position measures c o ed Ireland, and that they did not (Alt! aia'ge demand h a ha of the Exchequer, he lit te ed edin gton) hoped the present application would be or ‘ te. • !eveetluiELlOT thought there was a great discrepancy be ep,vtne motion of the Hon. Me nber for Roscommon and ~,ouree e, ,( ll The gist of the latter * . was, that no other means ;`'ore do if the Government would not first take up the ques e'og t e"'„e CLord Eliot) felt himself in a difficult position, feel uered he objected to the proposition, he nlight be cons ;ir;hueltsite:ndervalue the importance of railways to . Ireland; t aPidii y c r thought no such thing. While he admitted . that aicommuideation was not of such importance in an I a' in a commercial and manufacturing country, treat et ` t v ' t il say that the introduction of railways would confer er nnlo v ,: a ntages on Irelar d • t the least of which would ; e the ti la r'ent and eneourag l em' no t it would give to the labourers 44 sist joe9untry- This latter benefit he was most anxious to the positiultrOduting. The Hon. Gentleman then referred to 'Pect e e tn which this sub', ct stood in 1839 ; and a s re eltee had oble Lortl who preceded him (Lord E. ) in the e he e hi k Lord E. „.. honour to fill, no . one felt more pleasure . a tl m ia . o . e eha ta t um In beam,/ testimony to the talents and . 1 14 ear e er of the Noble' s '. d nho , e conduct and bearing 4 t/lo ned the. h t i "N. wh o _ good wishes of all classes of the community, the e a l opponems to none were more willing than his Lordship s eseknowledge the kindness of his heart s e , i 7 i Year 1 4339 Y of his disposition. His Noble predecessor, in p nosed a plan to the House, the o pet vxthh:er:e_roilhdailiettsi.entroethwreeacseoogsuonniit,e the ninci that the Government v t , s its to the coustruct l ion of l railways in Ireland. It not pl.oe,ee-ays would pasns.y e sail or security prop::sed to . the w. G )., o , .._ ! t. e t s i s , p o r f , the c (" r u e = , t r h a leg a h s sh i ould t l t ou rv ti a ; proii,ictiettinat h p e a y deficiencytl i interest of shouldo f the money n M a o , n ie ey tlp a y d n vAnc t e h d e_ , ell! eil Y e e st l i s , s e ; inliteietha.di no wish to go back to the consi.leration of fc l u a rtiti on of rhe al a but as it had been made part of the illeonsidercd "Y. If a period (1 .o i r i i. t Gentlerna n , he (Lord E.) must say species of security little better than irnb n o G overnment ,general distress should arise in Ire :tenptn:lnuare,:oe thOs..ecardnivfnoatthh3 could come upon the counties to re and he doubted whether many of the uties would B'. tames throungehe:Ca'tlactuelatbeedro t r l e , t the b y to 23. an acre. fhweh they conven e t f e er d r t n o ;iw su s c , l s i that the char wo g uld vary fro 3 M preent .county cess amounted to from 3s. 6d. to 4s. an acre, and, by the proposed plan, the liabilities of the counties would be considerably increased. The whole of the county cess was defrayed by the occupying tenantry. He knew not what arrangement it might ba proposed to make on this subject between the owners and the occupiers of land, but, unless some arrangement were made, the whole expense would fall upon the occupier, who would derive little or no advantage from the railway. It was true that Parliament had affirmed the proposition of the Noble Lord by a majority of 44, but so coldly had that proposition been received that the Noble Lord had taken no further steps to carry it into effect. Thus matters rested from 1839 to 1841. Last year the Noble Lord had brought forward a new proposition, the principle of which he (Lord Eliot) considered unobjectionable. It was merely a plan to facilitate the bringing together of the capitalists, and the persons connected with the district, and the only duty of the Government was to take care that the terms agreed upon between them should be fair and reasonable. But from what he had seen and heard in Ireland, he thought there would be great hesitation on the part of the counties before they acceded to the proposition. He would not say that if it were modified it might not be acceded t,, but as it stood at present, he doubted much if the counties would accede. The proposition, as he understood it, was, that an amount of 4 per cent. should be guaranteed on the part of the counties, any surplus funds being to be divided equally between the county and the Company. He had already . said that the proposition would entail great liabilities on the counties, and that great objection would be entertained to it in many of them. He would not shelter him self by saying that the Government had the measure under consideration—( Hear, hear)—nor raise illusory expectations. —( Hear, hear,) But he thought it r ight to say that the Go vernment would not make any advance of public money, or give the, guarantee which was proposed by the Gentleman who had last addressed the House. 'There were, however, other modes of facilitating and assisting railway enterprise, which the Commissioners pointed out, and which the Government thought it would be proper to adopt. The Commissioners recommended the Legislature to assist any body of capitalists that might come together for the purpose of promoting rail waysen Ireland, by relieving them from unnecessary liabilities, and by establishing one fixed and uniform system of compensa tion, with less regard to the extravagant demands of private interest than had prevailed in this country, and facilitate the Parliamentary proceedings with the least pessible expense ; that they should also be protected from the ruinous competition of rival companies. To that extent the Government was dis posed to assist. —( Hear.) The Hon. Gentleman had referred to France and Belgium. But the case of France did not apply to this country. The system observed in France hail always been opposed to that of this country. All the great public storks in France were undertaken by the Government, and private competition was almost wholly unknown.—(Hear.) Belgium was a small country, and the expenses of the railways were easily ascertained. But that would not be the case in Ireland, where the railways recommended by the Commissioners to be undertaken in the first instance, would cost three millions. The Hon. Gentleman talked of the refusal of England to give that aid to Ireland to which he said she was so well entitled. But he (Lord Eliot) thought the best mode was adopted by the Government of investigating the subject. They had em ployed eminent engineers to make a survey of the country, and the results of their inquiries was placed in the hands of private persons, who would thereby ba the better able to estimate the advantages of railroads, which would facilitate their enter prises. The Hon. Gentleman said that capitalists would not invest their capital in Irish railroads, but he (Lord Eliot) could inform him, on the best authority, that the shares on the Dublin and Drogheda line, and also those on the Ul ster line, were better paid by the Irish shareholders than the shares in England were. No shares had been for feited in Ireland, whereas a great many had been forfeited in England. The Hon. Gentleman then alluded to the enor mous increase of the imports and exports in Ireland; but it appeared to him (Lord Eliot), that such an increase in the imports and exports was no argument for the intervention of Government with regard to railroads, because those imports and exports had increased without any aid from Government. He thought that he would only be holding out a delusive hope to the people of Ireland if he consented to the proposition of the Hon. Gentleman. He was aware that the course of conduct pursued by the Government might be liable to some misappre hension, but he thought it better to meet the proposition of the lion. Gentleman by moving the previous question than by ac ceding to the proposition to encourage expectations w hich might never be fulfilled.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. O'CONNELL said the Noble Lord had spoken with candour. He held out no hope of railroads for Ireland, and therefore be did not bring forward anything that would lead them to expect something when there was nothing intended.— ( [tear, hear.) They now knew that Government would do nothing. They said they were right in doing nothing, and whether right or wrong they would persevere. The Noble Lord went en to disparage the agreement of the counties and the mode of levying the tax. But this mode was perfectly familiar, and the more so because all public works in Ireland had been erected by that very tax, and the advances made by the Goverernment had been all paid by means of that tax. Next, as to what the Noble Lord had stated respecting some of the counties not being likely to give their consent. He had received information on this point, which led him to think that the Noble Lord's belief was not accurate. He had reason to !snow that most of the counties were perfectly ready to come into the agreement. In most of the counties on the different lines, the Grand Juries had actually declared their assent to the mode proposed. In some counties, the Grand Juries had made no declaration at all, but he thought he was borne out in saying that no Grand Jury had declared against it On this point he thought the Noble Lord laboured uncle; a mistake. If the counties were tested to-morrow, the result would prove to be as ho had stated with regard to Grand Juries. If it were the question whether the counties should be absolutely liable, it would raise a different consideration ; but the entire revenue of the line, whatever it might be, would be the first protection to the country, and if they were only borne out by a Government guarantee, there was no probability that the counties would be called on for a single shilling; on the contrary, the rate of profit had been esti mated so low by the Commissioners, that it was impossible to have any railroad that should pass any of the principal towns, but it would produce that rate of inteeest, especially if the line was constructed under Government superinteridence, without the waste of expenditure of private railways, on the Drogheda line, which had been referred to, the expense of passing the Bill was 36,000/., and the whole of that expense, under Go vernment management, you'd be spared. He confessed that he could not agree with the Hon. Ger:finnan who had spoken before him, with respect to Government superintendence of railways. One great evil of railways in England was, that wherever there was a rai:road, there was a monopoly, and a mo nopoly without remedy, fur there could nut be any rival line on account of theexpense. It was a constitutional principle in leng land, that the road wits the Queen's highway, but they had intro bleed an anomaly into their system by giving the highways of England to public Companies. Now, Ireland was as yet untonched, and though of course, he should prefer the lines to be under the manage ment of a Government more friendly to Ireland, yet, what ever the Government might be, he thought it would be an ad vantage if the railroads of the country could be put under Go vernment inspection and Government responsibility. They did not call on this country for any money to be advanced ; they only asked for a guarantee upon ample security. The expence of obtaining an Act of Parliament would be entirely done away with, and there would be an opportunity of making the road in the cheapest possible manner, while no roads would be constructed but such as would be likely to be useful, and which would have a probability of a return for the outlay upon them. The Noble Lord had spoken of the advantage Ireland would derive from the able Report of the Commissioners, and the convenience it would be if railways should hereafter be constructed. But of what use was an excellent Report if it was to he followed by no consequence ?—( Hear, hear.) The Report had an effect, and a very prejudicial one; it esti mated the profits. of those undertakings so :ow that nobody would venture to embark his capital in them. '1 he Report stated that no more than 6 per cent. could be expected to be realized from the expenditure, and that statement had thrown a damper upon private speculation. The Noble Lord, the late Secretary for Ireland, did not persevere with the measure he had introduced, not that he disapproved of the plan, but be catoe,he foresaw that with the opposition given to the measure in that House, it was not likely to succeed elsewhere. The Noble Lord had, consequently, abandoned his own thorough conviction that it would be most advantageous to have the plan carried out in Ireland. lle (Mr. O'C. ) had only, in conclu sion, to express his regret at whit he had heard that evening, and to implore his Hon. Friend not to press his motion. Lord ELIOT said in explanation, that he doubted whether it would be expedient, in the event of the failure of the railways, to come upon the occupiers in the counties. With regard to the Grand Juries, it appeared to him that they were not al ways to be considered to speak tie sentiments of the tenantry. Captain JONES said that lie did not think that the Govern ment would find that the rate.payers in counties would consent to be taxed, even though such were the wish of the Grand Juries. Mr. S. O'BRIEN thought that the Government ought to take up the subject, because the Government would be anxious to give convenience to the public at the smallest cost, while private individuals would do the most they could to obtain the greatest profit. The expense of conveying the mails on rail ways would have been saved, if this system attire formation of railwayt e had been adopted. If they had to beg in again the sys tem of railways in England, he should say that it would be the most politic course for the country that such principal lines as the Great Western and the Birmingham ought to be opened at the national ex pense. With respect to Ireland, there were other considera tions which, although they might be forgotten in this country, were not forgotten in Ireland. Those who li ke him (r. Smith O'Brien) were favourable to maintaining the union be tween Ireland'and this country, said that the United Parliament ought to legislate for Ireland in the same manner as her own Parliament would have done.—( Hear, hear.) Now with re gard to this question, the circumstances of England and Ire land were not analogous. In England there was a large sur plus capital. In Ireland all the capital that could be com manded could be advantageously applied to the cultivation and draining of the land, and therefore it was not a use , ful application of capital to embark in railways.—( Hear. ) It was the duty of Government to assist the people of Ireland in carrying a general line of railways through that country, and he (Mr. O'Brien )-maintained that it was also the interest of the Government to do so ; that both countries would be approxi • mated by such a measure; that Lancashire and Yorkshire were equally interested with any part of Ireland—(Hear, hear.)— and certainly when 6,000,000/. or 7,000,0(10/. would give a gene ral ral brie of railways throughout all parts of Ireland, that sum was so insignificant that, in his opinion, it should not be spoken of at all by the Government. So far as the county which he represented was concerr.ed, he felt it his duty to bring the matter under the consideration of the Grand Jury at the last Assizes of Limerick, and they expressed the most anxious wishes that a general system of railways should be undertaken as soon as possible. Alter a few words in explanation from Mr. SHAW, Sir R. PEEL said, he inferred from the speech of the Hon. Gentleman who had brought forward the motion, that his object was to recommend the Government to,undertake a system of railways in Ireland at the public expence, and that they would advance a sum of money to carry out those objects. Through out the whole of the Honourable Gentleman's speech, that appeared to be his object. However, he (Sir R. Peel) was bound to suppose, from the Right Hon. Gentleman's dis claimer that he had no such intention, that he did not mean those expenses should be borne by the public, but that they should be undertaken by private individuals, When it was stated that an advance of public money was an insuperable objection, the Hon. Gentleman (Mr. French) sail, with correctness, that it was not his intention that those works should be done at the public expense ; but he (Sir R. Peel) should say that he thought that disclaimer of the Hon. Gen tleman also at variance with the context of the Hon. Gentle man's speech. If there were any doubt s :upon the subject, the motion of the Hon. Gentleman itself had completely set them at rest ; because the Hon. Gentleman did not propose that an . address s h ou ld b e propose d an d v o ted by the House itself, but that the House should resolve itself into a Committee of the whole House, far the purpose of preparing an address to the Crown—for the preparation of an address where money formed no object. The whole House was the proper authority to address the Crown, but a Commit tee of the whole House was the proper authority where any pecuniary demand was sought to be granted ; and, therefore, again he said, if he arg .ed fi;m the speech of the Hon. Gentleman, he should have thought that an advance of money was his object. He (Sir R. Peel) granted that if party considerations could have iefluenced her Majesty's Go vernment, that should have been, of all others, the very pro position in which , as a p art y mov ement , it should be his studs' to acquiesce.—(Cheers from the Ministerial benches, anil ironical cheers from the (apposition.) He had no doubt that if her Majesty's Government had said at once that they were ready to undertake a system of railways, I in Ireland, that they wou ld h ave conc ili a t e d a grea t num b e r 1 of supporters amongst the Irish Representatives.—( Hear, hear, from the Opposition.) But in the present state of the finances of this country, would the Hon. Gentleman say that 6,000,0001. or 7,00,000/. would be a matter of such insig nificance, or so utterly unworthy of thought, that her Ma jesty's Government should be at once ready to undertake and become the makers of such an extensive system of railways. If he (Sir R. Peel) thought the Government could honestly incur such a risk in the present state of the finances of the country, and if it was a matter of indifference to them whether they undertook a fresh expenditure, no doubt the Government might have conciliated a considerable number of valued sup porters ; and therefore if her Majesty's Ministers had not taken that course, it proved they were actuated by far better mo tives.—( Ministerial cheers.) He declared most sincerely that if he thought such an expenditure could be encountered with profit—if he really did believe that the undet taking by the Government to make 540 miles of railways in Ireland would be for the permanent and real advantage of Irelaad, mar.) , of his scruples would be thereby removed ; but he be lieved it would be for the real interest of that country that Irish gentlemen should act on the principle which had been attended with such satisfactory consequences an England—( Hear, hear)—that it would be infinitely better if they were undertaken by private speculation. He really did think that when Hon. Gentlemen asked for public money that they did not ask for what would be advantageous to that country. When he looked at the whole history of the Irish Parliament, whose experience they (the Government) were now asked to follaw—when he considered the grants of that Parliament, and when he recollected the grants to the Royal Canal, the Grand Canal, the Tyrone Canal, and the Shan - non Navigation, he knew what would be the consequences. Mr. FRENCH was understood to say that some of those undertakings were not at the public expense. Sir ROBERT PEEL said that surely the Tyrone Naviga tion was undertaken at the public expense, to afford facilities for the working of the collieries on account of the exaggerated statements then made of the value of the coal mines. He would undertake to assure the House that if those things were left to private speculation the individuals engaged in them would weigh accurately the possibilities of remuneration and in terest for the capital expended, and then no doubt they would not be undertaken, unless there were very good grounds to hope for success ; but he should say that to advise her Majesty's Government to expend the sum of 6,000,0001. or 7,000,0001., and to recommend them to undertake that extensive system of railways at an expense that probably might not be remunerative—after bringing together an immense congregation of labourers—and then aster giving undue incentives to exertion upon their part, it would be a weakness, and would only increase the evils and distress which they attempted to remove. The Hon. Gentleman said that he ( Sir R. Peel) had in 1839 opposed the scheme proposed by the late Gave nment for the introduction of railways in Ireland. It was quite true he had done so ; and he had then acted on the very same principle upon which he now acted. If there was a certainty that those railways in Ireland would pay the amount expended upon them, it might be different ; but if not. he very much doubted the policy of the Government interfer ing in them, er of forcing on speculations of that description ; they would not repay the expenditure. They had all the ex pertence of England to direct them in the matter, and no doubt they would Derive the greatest advantage from it. Why did not the gentlemen of Ireland determine upon one line of radway—suppose from Dublin to Cork or Limerick—then it would be quite fair to give such advantages or facilities as Government superintendence could afford, if they wished it. They had the land in Ire land already surveyed. They had their plans made out. • and a country particularly favourable in point of geological al vatetages. Why not then leave the matter to themselves; first, were the proprietors willing to permit their lands to be taken upon a different principle from that usually adopted in this country ? Were they willing to permit a valuatien of them to be made, not according to the estimate of the proprietor, but upon some fixed principle, as in Russia or Prussia? If the pro prietors were not willing to do that, he should tell the House that the Government would have very great difficulty in seizing upon the lands of any gentlemen, and forcing them to part with them. If proprietors of land were willing that their own arbitrary estimates should not be acted upon, that might indeed afford a great facility. If the price of those lands were to be fixed or determined, suppose by Government Commissioners —here again, for instance, would be the means of profiting by the experience which they had of railways in Engl and, by taking a price that would compensate for the lands, and prevent very great exactions; the country might profit by that experience, and mighf thereby avoid many of the evils and embarrassments which had arisen in England. Surely the competency of the people of Ireland to undertake these works were not denied? If they resolved upon one line of communica tion and forgot political or party divisions, and the asperities to which they led—if tha people of Ireland applied thcmsel -es in downright earnest to enter upon those speculations they would —they must succeed.—( Hear, hear, hear.) Hon. Gen tlemen on the opposite side admitted in their speeches in this House, that the resources of Ireland are rapidly increasing that they are improving every day—that their agricultural pro duce is increasingshowing that they could rely upon their own native resources. Why, then, did they ask for needless assistance from the Government? Could not the people 01 Ireland show that they were equal to the task which the people of England and Scotland had accomplished ? ( Hear, hear.) Let the people of Ireland, in the first instance, prove by the tranquillity of their. country, that capitalists could safely expend their capital there. But then it was said that want of tranquillity, and the heat of agitation, prevented capitalists from speculating with their capital in Ireiaqd. But if that country were perfectly tranquil—if its pcople were united together for their mutual advantage, the money those capitalists (who, as the Honourable Gentleman opposite said, were overflowing with wealth, and seeking out remote quarters of the world wherein to apply it with advan tage) when they had reason to suppose that their specula tions would be good in Ireland, it might be depended upon that money Would flow into that country in greatabundance. What, for instance, was the account of the Railway Commis sioners with reference to the railway already completed in Ire land—the Dublin and King ston Railway ? That was a railway undertaken, he believed, b y private individuals. An HON. MEMBER on the opposite benches was under stood to say, that the Government had advanced money for that railway. Sir R. PEEL said that might have been ; however, the re port to which he then alluded was that of a Company relying upon their own resources. lie recollected per fectly well when Lard Morpeth was about to introduce an extensive Government scheme of railways—when he had se lec'ed a railway from Dunn to Cork, to be executed by the Government—he had met with a great deal of opposition from Government in other parts of the country, who said that it was not fair to select one single line of railway—that notlener could be done unless three lines were commenced—that 3,80:),(.00/. should not be expended in the comphi. Lion of one line, but that a sum of money should be advanced for the commencement of three new lines. He (Sir 11. Peel) thought that tho consequence would be, that there would be imputations upon the impartiality of the Government; and, so far from giving satisfaction, it would be said that there should he some otner lines selected. Taking advantage, then, of all the errors in the completion of railways in England, and having the advantage of any assistance which Government could give in seeing those works properly conducted, and in making new arrangements with respect to the purchase of land, and affording facilities for the purpose of preventing enormous expenses, he (Sir R. Peel) did not despair that Ire land would easily, by the assistance of the Irish and English capital, be capable of conducting railway speculations to a satisfactory issue. His proposition was not founded upon any indifference or hostility to Ireland, but under a real and conscientious belief that the interference of Government would only check the enterprise of private speculation, and be an im pediment to the success of the undenaking. The SPEAKER then suggested that unless a grant of pub lic money was wanted, the terms of the motion, " that the House res Ave itself into a Committee of the whole House" should be omitted. Sik R. PEEL submitted that the House should guard most strictly.against the principle of establishing a precedent by ap proving of that mode of eriginating giants of money. Mr. WAKLEY said the Government was placed in a very . awkward situation when they refused so reasonable an application as that made by his Hon. Friend (Mr. French). He hoped the Right Hon. Baronet would act on his own re commendation with respect to Ireland. It was in the power of the House to make Ireland prosperous. It was not neces sary that there should be a grant of money to carry out this recommendation. It was only necessary for the Right Hon. Baronet to act fairly to Ireland—to give them social rights and privileges equally with the people of this country. By this he would catry out the resolution. He did hope the Right Hon. Baronet would not forget his own recommendation, but that he would set to work, and give to I-elan i the benefits which this country at present enjoyed. Lord .1. RUSSELL rose, but was for a considerable time inaudible in • the gallery. He was understood to say, that he did not object to the form of the motion before the House, but he thought the Government ought not to make any pubic grants for the formation of railways in Ireland. He did not think that it was well for the Minister of the Crown to grant money under any circumstances to particular branches of the community; but when ,grants were made, they should con,ider the benefit of all. He thought, therefore, that the House of Commons ought to be much more disinclined to make grants of money than they had of lite years. 'He thought this argument told not only in the present case, but against many motions of past years. ( The Noble Lord here spoke i a so low a tone of voice as to be almost inaudible in the gallery. ) On the 30th of June, 1841, a motion was made that the House should resolve itself into a Committ e of the whole House, to consider an Address to her Majesty, stating to her Majest y the blessings the country enjoyed under the Established Church— (Laughter)—and to assure her Majesty that it. was the duty of the Government to employ a cet tain portion of the we,:lth of the country to the extension of the Established Church ; and humbly representing that the House would cheer fully accede to such measures as her Majesty should re commend, to enable the people of this country to enjoy the blessings of worship in the Established Church. For that motion there appeared 149, and against it 168. Had that motion been earned, it. would have 1(1 to very considerable grants. Mr. POWELL, in answer to the lion. Member for Firs bcdoui dm r y ne , os b tr e rr g eo g smi e d d ei t . to i stall t y th c o at un t t h r e y, , r a i l e t h h o l u al g ' h ded th p e r y o r p e r c iet i o v r e s d n theirlrebinn d Mr. FRENCH said, after what had passed, be would with draw his motion —Motion withdrawn. • COPYRIGHT BILL. Lord MAHON, in moving for leave to bring in a Bill for the amendment of the law relating to Copyright, said he should not attempt to raise any discussion. The subject had been so frequently discussed in that House, he thought any further discussion would be better reserved for the second read ing of the Bill. He wished only to state the principal altera tions which he proposed to make. It was provided in the 8.11 brought in by Mr. Sergeant Talfourd that the term of protection should be sixty years, commencing at the death of the author ; and the Bill be (Lord Mahon) in tended to introduce reduced the term to twenty-five years. He should also introduce a clause to gua , d against the possible suppression of works by the descendants of the author, by gi,lng a discretionary power to the Lef,•islature. These were the alterations he should introduce into his Bill. Mr. WAKLEY thought ttat twenty-five years would be found as objectionable as sixty.. He hoped when the Bill was brought forward the No: le Lord would be prepared . to show why authors should have a different title to their works from any other invet.tor. If the Noble Lord could satisfy the House on that subject he was quite sure he would be successful. Unless he could satisfy the House upon that point he hoped would be unsuccessful. Leave was then given to bring in the fill. CORN IMPORTATION BILL. Lord JOHN RUSSELL said he did tyits;:the First Lord of the Treasury in the House, but he wished to ask when it wai proposed that the Corn Importation BM should be read a second time. Fir G. CLERK said the Bill, he believed, would be brought in to-morrow (this day) at five o'clock, when, he doubted not, the Noble Lord could the information he wished. Tho other Orders of the Day were then disposed of, and the House adjourned at Half-past Nine. We understand that Mr. Under -Sheriff Pritchard is a candidate for the office of Town Clerk of the City of London, vacant by the recent decease of the late talented and respected Henry Woodthorpc, Esq. We cordially wish Mr. Pritchard success, for no citizen more truly deserves it. THE SUN, LON DON, FRIDAY EVENING, MARCH: 4, 1842. 1 THE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE. THE QUINTUPLE TREATY FOR THE SUP PRESSION OF Tim AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE. --(Signed at London, Dec. 20, 1841.) ART. I.—Their Majesties the Emperor of Austria, K ing of Hungary and Bohemia, the King of Prussia, and Emperor of all the RUssias, engage to prohibit all trade in slaves, either by their respective subjects, or under their respective flags, or by means of capitol belonging to their respective subjects; and to declare such traffic piracy. Their Majesties. further declare, that any vessel which may attempt to carry on the slave trade shall, by that fact alone, lose all right to the protection of their flag. ART. order more completely to accomplish the object of the present treaty, the high contracting parties agree by common consent, that those of their ships of war which shall be provided with special warrants and orders, prepared according to the forms of the annex A of the present treaty, may search every merchant vessel belonging to any o ne o f t h e hi g h con t rac ti ng parties which shall, on r easona bl e groun d s, b e sus pected of being engaged in the traffic in slaves, or of having been fitted out for th a t purpose, or o f having been engaged in the traffic during the voyage in which she shall Rave, been met with by the said cruisers ; and that such cruisers m a y d eta i n, and away such vessels in orde r th a t t h ey may b e b roug h t 'send, or carry to trial in the manner hereafter agreed upon. . . Nevertheless, the abovementional right of search ing the merchant vessels of any one or other of the high contracting parties shall be exercised only by ships of war whose commanders shall have the rank of captain or that of lieutenant in the Royal or Impe rial navy, unless the command shill!, by reason of death or otherwise,- have devolved upon an officer of inferior rank. The commander of such ship of war shall .be furnished with warrants according.to the form annexed to the present treaty, under letter A. The said mutual right of search Shall not be exer cised within the. Mediterranean Sea. Moreover, the space within which the exercise of the said right shall be confined shall be bounded, on the north, by the 32d parallel of north latitude; on the west, by the eastern coast of America, from the point where the 32d parellel of north latitude strikes that coast, down to the 45th parallel of south latitude ; on the south, by the 45th parallel of south latitude, from the point where that parallel strikes the eastern coast of Ame rica to the 80th degree of longitude east ,from the meridian of Greenwich ; and on the east, by the same degree of lon g itude, from the point where it is inter seeted by the.lstli parallel of south latitude up to the coast of India. ART. 111.—Each of the high contracting parties which may choose to employ cruisers for the suppres sion of the slave-trade, and to exercise the mutual right of search, reserves to itself to fix, according to its own convenience, the number of the ships of .war which shall be employed on the service stipulated in the second article of the present treaty, as well as the stations on which the said ships shall cruise. The names of the ships appointed for this purpose, and those of their commanders, shall be communi cated-by each of the high contracting parties to the others; and they shall reciprocally apprise each other every time that a cruiser shall -be placed on a station, or shall be recalled thence, in order that the necessary warrants may be delivered by the Governments au thorisng the search, and returned to those Govern ments by the Government which has received them, when those warrants shall no longer be necessary for the execution of the present treaty. ART. IV.—lmmediately after the Government which employs the cruisers shall have notified to the Gavernment which is to authorise the search the number and the names of the cruisers which it in tends to employ, the warrants authorising the search shall be made out according to the form annexed to the present treaty, under letter A, and shall be delivered by the Government which authorises the search to the Government which employs the cruiser. In no case shall the mutual right of search be exercised upan the ships of war of the high contract ing parties. The high contracting parties shall agree upon a particular signal, to be used exclusively by those cruisers which shall be. invested with the right of search. ART. V. - The cruisers of the high contracting parties authorisA to exercise the right of search and detention in execution of the present treaty shall can form themselves strictly to the instructions annexed th'e said treaty, under letter B, in all that relates to the formalities of the search and of the detention, as well as to the measures to be taken, in order that the vessels suspected of having been employed in the traffic may he delivered over to the competent tribunals. the high contractinc , parties reserve to themselves the right of making in these instructions, by common consent, such alterations as circumstances may render necessary. The cruisers of the high contracting parties shall mutually afford to each other assiAance, in all cases Alien it may be useful that they should act in concert. ART. Vl.—Whenever a merchant vessel, sailing tinder the flag of one of the high contracting parties, shall have been detained by a cruiser of the other, July authorised to that effect, conformably to the provisions of the present treaty, such merchant vessel, as well as the master, the crew, the cargo, and the slaves who may be on board, shall be brought into such place as the high contracting parties shall have respectively designated for that purpose, and they shall be delivered over to the authorities appointed with that view by the Government within whose pos • sessions such place is situated, in order that proceed ings may be had with respect to them before the com petent tribunals in the manner hereafter specified. When the commander of the cruiser shall not think fit to undertake himself the bringing in and the de livery up of the detained vessel, he shall intrust that duty to an officer of the rank of lieutenant in the Royal or Imperial navy, or at least to the officer who ;hall at the time be the third in authority on board the detaining ship. ART. VII.—If the commander of a cruiser of one If the high contracting parties should have reason to suspect that a merchant vessel sailing under the convoy of, or in company with, a ship of war of one of the other controcting parties, has been engaged in the slave trade, or has been fitted out for that trade, he shall make known his suspicions to the commander of the ship of war, who shall proceed alone to search the suspected vessel ; and in case the last-mentioned com mander should ascertain that the suspicion is well founded, he shall cause the vessel, as well as the mas ter, the crew, the cargo, and the slaves who may be on board, to be taken into a port belonging to the nation of the detained vessel, to be there proceeded against before the competent tribunals, in the manner hereaf ter directed. ART. VIII.—As soon as a merchant-vessel, de tained, and stint in for adj u di cat i on, s h a ll arr i ve at t h e port to which she is to be carried in conformity, with annex B to the present treaty, the commander of the cruiser which shall have detained her, or the officer ap pointed to bring her in, shall deliver to the authorities, appointed for that purpose, a copy, signed by himself, of all the lists, declarations and other documents spe cified in the instructions annexed to the present treaty, under letter B ; and the said authorities shall proceed, in consequence, to the search of the detained vessel, and of her cargo, as alsb to an inspection of her crew, and of the slaves who may be on board, after having previously given notice of the time of such search and inspection to the commander of the cruiser, or to the officer who shall have brought in the vessel, in order that he, or some person whom he may appoint to re present him, may be present thereat. A minute of these proceedings shall be drawn up in duplicate, which shall be signed by the persons who shall have taken part in, or who shall have been pre sent at, the same ; and one of those documents shall be delivered to the commander of the cruiser, or to the officer appointed by him to, bring in the detained vessel. . ART. IX.—Every merchant vessel of any one or other of the five nations, which shall be searched and the trade. fitting,o r t o i detained in virtue of the provisions ,of the present aels;an inste ad t-ves sels. of the close h treaty, shall, unless proof be given to tildievceosis-iel during trarv, be deemed to have been engaged in the slave titthe have etvho b e ye equipment, i fittednwhicho utorf she oo v r n that as l t . ir(iiaeffitthltn detained, said in . , there shall be found to have been one of th e ar ticles hereafter speci fied, that is to say 1. Hatches Nvll l which h aret openused d in gi.ratie 2. Divisions or bulk - h eads, in the hold or on deck, in greater number than are necess ary for vessels en gaged in lawful trade. _ 3. Spare plank fitte d for being l a id down as a wi e gratings, second or slave-deck. 4. Shackles, bolts, or handcuffs. 5. A larger quantity dwater, in ca s k s or i n tanks, than is requisite. for the' consumption o f t h e crew of such merchant vessel. 6. An extraordinarY number of w a t er -casks, or of other receptacles for holding, liquid, unless the master shall produce a certificate from the Custom-house at the place from which he cleared outwards, stating that sufficient security had been given by the owners of such vessel that such extra number of casks or of other receptacles should only he used to hold palm-oil, or for other purposes of l awful c ommerce. 7. A'greater quantity of mess-tubs or kids than are requisite for the use of the crew of such merchant vessel. 8. A bailer, or other cooking apparatus, of an un usual size, and larger, o r capable of being ma d e l arger , than requisite for the use of the crew of such mer chant-vessel ; or more than one boiler, or other cook ing Apparatus, of the ordina r y .v ize. 9. An extraordinary quantity o f rice, of the flour of Brazil manioc, or cassada , co m monly called farina, or of maize, or of Indian corn, or of any other article of food whatever, beyond the -probable wants of the crew; unless such quantity of rice, farina, maize, In dian corn, or any other article of food, should ' be en tered on the manifest, a s forming Part of the 'trading . cargo of the vessel. 10. A quantity of mats or matting, greater than is necessary for the use of such mercitant vessels'unless such mats or matting be entered on the manifest as founding part of the cargo. If it is established that one or more of the articles above specified are on board, or have been on board luring the voyage in which the vessel was captured, that fact shall be considered as prinia facie evidence that the vessel was employed in the traffic ; she shall in consequence be kcondemned, and declared lawful prize, unless the master or the owners shall furnish clear and incontrovertible evidence, proving to the satisfaction of the trib una l t h at at t h e t i me of her detention or capture the vessel was em ployed in a lawful undertaking ; and that such of the different articles above specified as were found on board at the time of detention, or which might have been embarked during the voyage en which she was enonged, when she was capturZ, were indispensable for the accomplishmen,.of the lawful object of her voyage. Art. X.—Proceedings shall lee,ippe :a ely taken against the vessel detained, as.,..abswe stated, her master, :ier crew, and her cargo, before the competent tribu nals of the country: ° which she belongs ; and they shall be tried and adjudged according to the established forms and laws in force in that country ; and if it results from the proceedings that the said 'vessel was employed. in the slave-trade, or fitted out for that traffic, the vessel, her fittings, and her cargo of merchandise, shall be confiscated; and the master, the crew, and their accomplices, shall be dealt with conformably to the laws by which they shall have been tried. _ _ vv In case of confiscation, the proceeds of the sale of the aforesaid vessel shall, within the space of six months, reckoning from the date of the sale, be placed at the disposal of the Government of the country to which the ship which made the capture belongs, in order to be employed in confol. - nity with the laws of that country. ART. any one of the articles specified in Article IX. of the present treaty is found on board a merchant vessel, or if it is proved to have been on board of her during the voyage in which she was captured, no compensation for losses, damages, or tx pense3, consequent upon the detention of such vessel, shall in any case be granted, either to the master, or to the owner, or to any other person interested in the equipment or in the lading, eve , Olough a sentence of conderimation should not have been pronounced against the vessel, as a consequence of her detention. ART. XIL—In all cases in which a vessel shall have been detained in conformity with the present treaty, as having been employed in the slave trade, or fitted out for that traffic, and shall, in consequence, have been tried and confiscated, the Government of the cruiser which shall have made the capture, or the Government whose tribunal shall have condemned the vessel, may purchase the condemned vessel for the service of its Royal navy, at the price fixed by a corn petent person, selected for that purpose by the said tribunal. The Government whose cruiser shall htWe made the capture shall have a right of preference in the purchase of the vessel. But if the condemned vessel should not be purchased in the manner above pointed out, she shall be wholly broken up immediately after the sentence of confiscation, and sold in sepa rate portions after having been broken up. ART. X lll.—When, by the sentence of the com petent tribunal, it shall have been awe - , ~ained that a merchant vessel, detained in virtue of the present treaty, was not engaged in the slave-trade, and was not fitted out for that 7 - raffle, she shall be restored to the lawful owner or owners. And if, in the course of the proceedings, it shall have been proved that the vessel was searched and detained illegally, or without sufficient cause of suspicion; or that the search and detention were attended with abuse or vexation, the commander of the cruiser, or the officer who shall have boarded the said vessel, or the officer who shall have been intrusted with bringing her in, and under whose authority, according to the nature of the case, the abuse or vexation shall have occurred, shall be liable in costs and damages to the masters and the owners of the vessel and the carg ). These costs and damages may be awarded by the tribunal before which the proceedings against the de tained vessel, her master, crew, and cargo, shall have been instituted ; and the Government of the country to which the officer who shall have given occasion for such award shall belong, shall pay the amount of the said costs ar:d damages within the period of six months from the date of the sentence, when the sentence shall have been pronounced by a tribunal sitting in Europe, and within the period of one year when the trial shall have taken place out of Europe. ART. XIV. When in the search or detention of a merchant vessel, effected in virtue of the present treaty, any abuse or vexation shall have been committed, and when the vessel shall not have been delivered over to the jurisdiction of her own nation, the master shall make a declaration, upon oath, of the abuse. 3 or vexa tions of which he shell have to complain, as well as of the costs and damages to which he shall lay claim ; and such declaration shall be made by him before the competent authorities of the first port of his own . country at which he shall arrive, or before the con sular agent of his own nation at a foreign port, if the vessel shall in the first instance touch at a foreign port where there is such an agent. This declaration shalrbe verified by means of au examination upon oath of the principal perions amongst the crew or the passengers who shall have witnessed the search or d_itention ; and a formal statement of the whole shall be drawn up, two copies whereof shall be delivered to the master, who shall forward one of them to his Government, in support of his claim for cost aril damages. It is understood, that if any circumstance beyond control shall prevent the master from making his de claration, it may be made by the owner of the vessel, or by any other person interested in the equipment or in the landing of the vessel. On a copy of the formal statement above-men tioned being officially transmitted to it, the Govern ment of the country to which the officer to whom the abuses or vexations shell be imputed shall belong, shall foi thwith institute an inquiry ; and if the validity of the compla;nt shall be ascertained, that Govern ment shall cause to be paid to the master or the owner, or to any other person interested in the equipment or lading of the molested vessel, the amount, of costs and damages which shall be due to him. ART. XV. The high contracting parties engage reciprocally to communicate to each other, when asked to do so, and without expense, copies of the proceed ings instituted, and of the judgments given, relative to vessels searched or detained in execution of the provi sions of this Treaty. Aar. XVI. The high contracting parties agree to insure the immediate freedom of all the slaves who shall be found on board vessels detained and condemned in virtue of the stipulations of the present Treaty. AUT. XVII. The high contracting parties agree to invite the maritime Powers of Europe which have not yet concluded treaties for the abolition of the slave trade to accede to the present Treaty. ART. XVIII. The ids or instruments annexed to the present Treaty, and which it is mutually agreed to consider as forming an integral part thereof, are the following : A. Forms of warrants of autltarization, and of orders for the guidance of the cruisers of each nation, in the searches and detentions to be made in virtue of the present Treaty. , B. Instructions for the cruisers of the naval forces employed in virtue of the present Treaty, for the sup pression of the slave-trade. ART. XTX. The present Treaty, consisting of 19 Articles, shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged at London at the expiration of two months from this date, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty, in English and French, and have thereunto affixed the seal of their arms. Done at London, the 20th day of December, in the year of our Lord 1841. ABERDEEN. KOLLER. ST. AULAIRE. SCHLEINITZ. BRUNOW. ANNEX. - INSTRUCTIONS TO CRUISERS. 1. Whenever a merchant vessel belonging to, or bearing the flag of„any one of the high contracting parties, shall be visited by a cruiser of any one of the other high contracting parties, the officer commanding the cruiser shall, before he proceeds to the visit, exhibit to the master of such vessel the special orders which confer upon him by exception the right to visit her ; and he shall deliver to such master a certificate, signed by himself, specifying his rank in the navy of his country, and the name of the ship which he com mands and declaring that the only object of his visit is to ascertain whether the vessel is engaged in the slave trade, or is fitted out for the purpose of such traffic, or has been engaged in that traffic during the voyage in which she has been met with by the said cruiser. When the visit is made by an officer of the cruiser other than her commander, such officer shall not he under the rank of lieutenant in the navy, unless he be the officer who at the time is second in command of the ship by which the visit is made ; and in this case, such officer shall exhibit to the master of the merchant vessel a copy of the special orders above-mentioned, signed by the commander of the cruiser, and shall likr‘wise deliver to such master a certificate, signed by himself, specifying the. rank which he holes in the navy of his country, the name of the commander under whose order 3 he is acting, the name of the cruiser to which he belongs, and the object of his visit, as hereinbefore recited. If it shall be ascertained by the visit that the ship'.• papers are regular, and her proceedings lawful, the officer shall certify upon the log-book of the vessel that the visit took place in virtue of the special orders above-mentioned ; and when- these formalities shall have been completed the vessel shall be permitted to continue her course. • 2. If, in consequence of the visit, the, officer com manding the cruiser shall be of opinion that there are sufficient grounds for believing that the ves- sel is engaged in the slave-trade, or has been fitted out for that traffic, or has been engaged LI that traffic during the voyage in which she is met w.th by the cruiser ; and if he in consequence deter mine to detain her, and t) have her delivered up to the jurisdiction of the competent authorities, h? shall forthwith cause a list to be made out, in duplicate, of all the papers f oun d on b oar d, an d h e s hall sign this list and the duplicate, adding, after his own name, his rank in the navy, and the name of the vessel un ler his command, lle shall, in like manner, make out and sign, in duplicate, a . declaration, stating the place and time of the detention, the name of the vessel, and that of her master, The names of the persons composing her crew, and the number and condition of the slaves found cn b6ard. This declaration shall further contain an exact de scription of the state of the vessel and her cargo. 3. The commander of the cruiser shall, without delay, carry or send the detained vessel, with her master, crew, passengers, cargo, and the slaves found on board, to one of the ports hereinafter specified, in order that proceedings may be.instituted in regard to them, conformably to the laws of the country under whose flag the vessel is sailing ; and he shall deliver the same to the competent authorities, or to the per sons who shall have been specially appointed for that purpose by the Government to whom such port shall belong. 4. No person whatever shall be taken out of the detained vessel, nor shall any part of her cargo, nor any of the slaves found on board, be removed from her, until after such vessel shall have been delivered over to the authorities of her own nation, unless the removal of the whole or part of the crew, or of the slaves found on board, shall be deemed necessary, either for the preservation of their lives, or from any other consideration of humanity, or for the safety of the persons who shall be charged with the navigation of the vessel after her detention. In any such case, the commander of the cruiser, or the officer appointed to bring in the detained vessel, shall make a declaration on such re moval, in which he shall specify the reasons for the same ; and the masters, sailors, passengers, or slaves so removed, shall be carried to the same port as the vessel and her cargo, and they shall be received in the, same manner as the vessel, agre ea bly t o th e regu l a ti ons, hereinafter set forth. Provided always, that nothing in this paragraph shall be understood as applying to slaves found orb board of Austrian, Prussian, or Russian vessels ; but such slaves shall be disposed of as is specified in the following paragraphs. 5. All Austrian vessels which shall be detained on the stations of America, or Africa, by the cruisers of the other contracting parties, shall be carried and deli vered up to the Austrian jurisdiction at Trieste.. But if slaves shall be found on board any such Aus; trian vessel at the time of her detention, the vessel shall, in the first instance, be sent to deposit the slavei at that port to which she would have been taken f 4 adjudication if she had been sailing under the Eng lish or French flag. The vessel shall :afterwards be sent on, and shall be delivered up to the Austrian ju risdiction at Trieste, as above stipulated. All French vessels which -shall be detained on the western coast of Africa by cruisers of the other con tracting parties shall be carried and delivered up to the French jurisdiction at Goree. All French vessels which shall be detained on the eastern coast of Africa by the cruisers of the other contracting parties shall be carried as I delivered up to the French jurisdiction at the Isle of Bourbon. All French vessels which shall be detained on the coast of America to the southward of the 10th degree of north latitude, by the cruisers of the other con tracting parties shall be carried antPdelivered up to ,he French jurisdiction at Cayenne. All French vessels which shall be detained in the West Indies, or on the coast of America, to the north ward of the 10th degree of north latitude, by the cruisers of the other contracting parties, shall be car ried and delivered up to the French jurisdiction at Martinique. All British vessels which shall be detained on the western coast of Africa by the cruisers of the other contracting parties, shall be carried and delivered up to the British jurisdiction at Bathurst on the river Gambia. All British vessels which shall be detained on the eastern coast of Africa by the cruisers of the other contracting parties, shall be carried and delivered up to the British jurisdiction at the Cape of Good Hope. All British vessels which shall be detained on the coast of America by the cruisers of the other contract ing parties shall be carried and delivered up to the British Jurisdiction at the Colony of Demerara, Or at Port Royal, in Jamaica, according as the commander of the cruiser may think most convenient. All British vessels which shall be detained in the West Indies by the cruisers of the other contracting parties shall be carried and delivered up to the British jurisdiction at Port Royal, in Jamaica. All Prussian vessels which shall be detained on the stations of America or Africa, by the cruisers of the other contracting parties, shall be carried and deli vered up to the Prussian jurisdiction at Stettin. But if slaves shall be found on board any such Prussian vessel at the time of her detention, the ves sel shall, in the first instance, be sent to deposit the slaves at that port to which she would have been taken for adjudication if she had been sailing under the English or French flag. The vessel shall after wards be sent on, and shall be delivered up to the Prussian jurisdiction at Stettin as above stipulated. All Russian vessels which shall be detained on the stations of America or Africa, by the cruisers of the other contracting parties, shall carried and delivered up to the Russian jurisdiction at Cronstadt or at Re vel, according as the season of the year may allow the one or the other of those ports to be reached. But if slaves shall be found on board any such Rus sian vessel at the time of her detention, the vessel shall, :n the first instance, be sent to deposit the slaves at that port to which she would have been taken for ad j adication if she had been sailing under the Erglish a. French flag. The vessel shall afterwards be sent on, and shall be delivered up to the Russian jurisdic tion at Cronstadt, or at Revel, as above stipulated. 6. As soon as a merchant-vessel, which shall have Scenidetained as aforesaid, shall arrive at one of the ; - orts or places above-mentioned, the commander 'if the cruiser, or the officer appointed to bring in such detained vessel, shall forthwith deliver to the authorities duly appointed for that purpose by the Government within whose territory such port or place shall be, the vessel and her cargo, together with the master, crew, passengers, and slaves found on board, and also the papers which shall have been seized on board the vessel, and one of the duplicate lists of the said papers, retaining the other in his own possession. Such officer shall at the same time deliver to the said authorities one of the original declarations, as hereinbefore specified, adding thereto a statement of any changes which may have taken place from the time of the detention of the vessel to that of the deli very, as well as a copy of the statement of any re movals which may have taken place, as above pro vided for. In delivering over these several documents the officer shall make, in writing and an oath, an attesta tion of the truth. 7. If the commander of a cruiser of one of the high contracting parties, who shall be duly fv"nished with the aforesaid special instructions, shall have reason to suspect that a merchant vessel sailing under convoy of, or in company with, a ship of war of any one of the other contracting par ties, is engaged in the ;lave-trade, or has been tittc:d out for the purpose of that traffic, or has been engaged in the traffic in slaves during the voyage in which she is met with bi the said cruiser, he shall confine himselfto communicating his suspicions to the commander of the ship of war, and he shall leave it to the latter to proceed alone to visit the suspected vessel, and to deliver her to the jurisdiction of her own country, if there should be cause for doing so. 8. By Article IV. of the treaty it is stipulated, that in no case shall the mutual right of visit be exercised upon ships of war of the high contracting parties. It is agreed that this exemption shall apply equally to vessels of the Russian-American Company, which being commanded by officers of the Imperial navy, are authorised by the Imperial Government to carry a flag which distinguishes them from the merchant navy, and are armed and equipped similarly to trans ports of war. It is further understood that the said vessels shall be furnished with a Russian patent, which shall prove their origin and destination. The form of this patent shall be drawn up by common consent. It is agreed that this patent, when issued by the competent autho rity in Russia, shall be countersigned at St. Peters burgh by the Consulates of Great Britain and France. 9. In the 3d clause of article 9 of the Treaty it is stipulated that, failing proof to the contrary, a vessel shall be presumed to be engaged in the slave-trade if there be found on board spare plank fitted for being laid down as a second or slave deck. In order to prevent any abuse which might arise from an arbitrary interpretation of this clause, it is especially recommended to the cruisers not to Austrian, Prussian, or Russian vessels employed in the timber trade, whose manifests shall prove that the planks and joists which they have, or have had, on board are, or were, a part of their cargo for trade. Therefore, in order not to harrass lawful commerce, cruisers are expressly enjoined only to act upon the stipulations contained in the third clause of article 9, when there shall be on board the vessel visited spare plank evidently destined to form a slave .deck. The undersigned Plenipotentiaries have agreed, in conformity with the 13th article of the Treaty signed by them this day, that these instructions shall be an nexed to the Treaty signed this day between. Great Britain, Austria France, Prussia, and Russia, for the suppression of the African slave-trade, and shall be considered as an integral part of that Treaty. In witness whereof, the Plenipotentiaries of the high contracting parties have signed this annex, an have thererto affixed the seal of their arms. Done at London, the 20th day of December, in the year of our Lord, 1841, ABERDEEN. KOLLER. ST. AULAIRE. SCHLEINITZ. BRUNOW. COURT CIRCULAR. BRIGHTON, Tfill RSDAY.—Ifer Majesty and Prince Albert took a carriage airing this morning, at a quarter before ten, and afterwards proceeded to Kemp-town, and promenaded for some time in front of Sussex-square ; the day being remark ably fine, after the storm of yesterday. Ole Prince of Wales was taken out for an airing, in the grounds of the Pali ion. The Princess Royal was taken out for a carriage airing this afternoon, at one o clock. Her Majesty and Prince Albert left the Pavilion this after noon, at a quarter pa.t three, in a pony phaeton, his Royal Highness driving, and attended by outriders in scarlet livery. A second carriage, also drawn by four ponies, contained the Duchess of Kent, Duke Ferdinand, and the Princes Augustus and Paul Leopold. 'I he Royal party pro( ceded through Castle-square and the Old Steyne, and up the Marine Parade, towards Kimp-town. The fineness of the afternoon caused the Cliffs to be lined with carriages and hi rsemen. Her Royal Ilight,e; the Duchess of Gloucester visited her Majesty the Queen Dowager, yesterday, at Marlborough-house. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge sent, yester day morning, to Richmond, and returned to Rickmond House in the afternoon. Baron Brunt w, the Russian Minister, transacted business, yesterday, at Bic Foreign-office. Mr. feemblc, M.P., aad a Deputation, consisting of Mr. Thomas Bridge Simpson, Mr. William Baker, Mr. Joseph Lidwell Ileathorn, and Beriah Drew, Directors of the South Metropolitan Gas Light and Coke Company, and Mr. Macdouga'l, transacted business, on W'ednesday, at the office of the Board of Trade. The Solicitor-General transacted business, yesterday, at the Treasury. Mr. Jon Wood, Chairman or the Excise, had an interview with the Earl of Ripon, yesterday, at the office of the Board of Trade. The Bishop of Lon.z.on transacted business, yesterday; at the Foreign-office. Mr. and Lady Jane Lawrence Peel have left Farrance's Hotel, for their residence. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S—YESTERDAY. In consequence of the absence at Liverpool of several of the usual frequenters of the room, the betting yesterday afternoon was dull, and in most raspects of slight interest. The two fa vourites were not mentioned at fixed prices, but we inferred from some rather indefinite offers that their positions were pretty nearly the same as on Monday. The Dirce colt at 25 to 1 and Wiseacre at 40 (in one instance at five points less), were in request in two or three places, and both Meteor and Auckland stood in better estimation than at the beginning of the week. Defier also had a strong party at an improved quo tation, and Canadian was promoted exactly 50 per cent. upon the odds Lid so freely on Monday. We did not observe any other change:. DERBY. 25 to I agst Lord Chestertield'; Dirce colt—taken freely 35 to 1 ag.t. Mr. Wrefurd's Wiseacre—taken 35 to 1 apt Mr. Gregory's Defier—taken 40 to 1 agst Mr. Bowes' Meteor—taken 40 to 1 agst Lord Westminster's Auckland 45 to 1 agst Mr Pettit's Espartero 50 to 1 agst Mr. Pettit's Pa.linurus 50 to 10 agst Duke of Grafton's Canadian 66 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's Joanna colt 66 to 1 agst Mr. G. Clarke's Lord of Holderness 1000 to 1 agst Lord Jersey's Brother to Phoenix OAKS. 500 to 30agst Lord Jersey's Adela filly—taken TWO THOUSAND GUINEA STAKES. 12 to 1 agst Mr. Bowes' Meteor—taken CHESTER CUP. 8 to 1 agst Mr. Kirby's Lanercost 12 to 1 agst Mr. Haute's Vulcan—taken 12 to 1 agst Mr. Plummer's Alice Hawthorn 13 to 1 agst Lo..d Westminster's Marshal Soult LIVERPOOL STEEPLE CHASES. • These events came off on Wednesday last, and tnalgre the very unfavourable state of the weather in the forenoon, at tracted one of the largest assemblages ever seen on any occa sion of a similar maracter. The sports consisted of the Grand National Sweepstakes, the Princa of Wales's Cup (also a steeple chase, but confined to members of certain clubs), and a hurdle race. Each of the three races was contested With great spirit, and it is glatif)ing to add that, notwithstanding the crowd, and the incidents common to sports of this hazardous de scription, not a single accident or squabble occurred to mar the pleasures of the day. The racing commenced over the old steeple chase course, precisely the same as last year, except that the brook near the canal was made easier, and the one op posite the stand, nearly two feet wider. The Grand National Steeple Chase Sweepstakes of 20 toys. each, 5 ft, with 100 added, for all horses, carrying 12st each; the second to save his stake. (47 Subs.) Mr. Davy nd Gay Lad (Mr. Oliver) 1 Mr. Powell rid Seventy Four Captain Price rid Peter Simple Mr. Johnstone's The Returned 4 Mr. J. Mason's Sam Weller Mr. Eltnore's Lottery (181 b. extra) 0 Lord Waterford's Oilumbine 31r. Ferguson's 13annathlath 0 Hon. C. Forester's Lady Langford 0 Mr. W. llarnsay's Bangalore Nlr. Moore's Anonymous ........... Lord Maidstone's Satirist Mr. Ekin's Luck's-all Lord Clamicarde's Honesty Baron Rothschild's Consul The betting, after some fluctuations., closed at 5 to 1 agst Lottery, 6 to 1 agst Seventy Pour, 6 to 1 agst Peter Simple, 7 to 1 agst Gay Lad, Bto 1 agst Sam Weller, and 10 to 1 agst any other. The front tank in the first round was composed of Columbine, Peter Simple, Honesty, Anonymoss, Seventy. four, Bannathlath and Lottery, the others lying up ; Columbine headed the lot to the canal, where Peter Simple took up the running at agr at rac., and was first at the brook on the course, which he cleared wit:i a lead of i.everal lengths; Ban. nathl a th and Columbine fo lowed, and then a ruck of five or six, close together; ou entering the ploughed field in the second round, Sevent-f,ur passed his horses, and made strong play, followed by P.,ter Simple, Gay Lad, Bannathlath, and The Returned; he was first into the course, and being some distance in advance of Gay Lad, appeared to be win nine easy, but was caught at th e h ur dl e j ump by Gay Lad, gave up as soon as he was collared, and was heater. by four or five lengths. Peter Simple was third, and would have been near winning, had be not overpowered his jockey. The Returned a^sl Bannathlath were fourth and fifth ; nothiag else was near. The pa e was first-rate, and there were so falls of any consequence. ince of Wales's Cup, value 100 guineas, given by the Town, added to a Sweepstakes of 20 sows. each, h ft, for maiden horses; I2st '4 lb each. Second saves his stake. (Six subs.) Lord Chesterfield's Claude Duval (lion. A. Villiers) 1 Mr. Ward's Forget•me• not 2 Mr. Moore's Game Chicken..... Mr. Tomlinson sid Jim-along-Josey The Game Chicken made nearly all th e running, but w 4 as . headed by Claude Duval and Forget-me-not on the course in the last round; the last two continued a splendid race home, Cl , ude winning by half a length ; entirely through Forget-mc not having thrown her rider at the fence leading to the course. The Champion Hurdle Race Sweepstakes of 15 sous. each, 10 ft., with 50 addeJ; the second saves his stake. 2 miles. ( u Subs.) Mr. l'eace's b g Defence, aged, I2st 91b (Thompson) Mr. J. Mason's Sans Weller, aged, last 91b Mr. Gordon's Bounce-away, 4 yrs, lOst 21b 3 The following were not placed:—Mr. Atk nson,nd Now-or- Never, aged, last 711 s ; Marquis of Wates ford's Usurper, 6 12st alb, and Mr. Ekins's The Ducnna, aged, 12st 21b. A remarkably fast well contested race throughout, and won by half a neck. HAMPTON SPRING MEETING—Y ESTERDAY . These races came off as usual over Moulsey Hurst, and not withstanding the unpromising sate of the weather in the morn ing, were very well attended. The sport was in all respects ex clusive, and fully equal to the anticipations of the projectors. Among the fashionables on the ground we noticed Lord Long ford, Lord March, Lord Drumlanrig, Lord Seymour, and a nu merous assemblage of the Officers of the Blues, the Life Guards, and the 11th Hussars. In the absence of the Earls of Rosalyn and Cardigan, Lord Drumlanrig acted as Steward. The races were decided as follows : The Albert Stakes of 5 sovs. each, &c. ; for three yrs, 9st 41b; four yrs, lOst 71b ; five yrs, I Ist 41b ; six years and aged, lest. Heats. Mr. Cunningliara's Mungo Patke, 5 yrs .. ...(Owner) 1 1 Lieut. Crotton's Muleteer, 5 yrs Mr. Pi t's Discovery The first heat was won easily, and the second by a head. The Palace Stakes of 5 says. each, &c. ; three irs, 7st 71b ; four yrs, Bst 101 b; five yrs, 9st 31b ; six years and aged, Oat 10Ib. Mares, &c., allowed 31bs. Heats, once round. The -, - - - winner to be ;old for GM 7 subs. Mr. Bubliell's Ophelta, 5 yrs (Mr. Simmond4) 1 1 Mr. Cunningham's Ailing° Park, 5 yrs. 3 2 Mr. Clifton's Whalebone, aged . Won c'everly. Ihe ATilitary Hurdle Race States of 5 sovg. each, &c. ; l lst 71b each. . Two miles, over six hurdles. Lord Longford's The Harlequin (Lord Drumlanrig) 1 Mr. Beauehamp's Mermaid ___ Won cleverly. The Home Park Stakes of 5 says. each, &c. ; list 71b each; winners once in 1641, 7lb extra, twice 10Ib extra. Winner to he sold for 80/. Twice round, over six leaps. (8 Subs.) Air. Clifton's Whalebone, aged (Carline) 1 Mr. Bemehamp's King Cole, aged.. .. . . 2 Match, 25 sovs., llat 71b.—Lord Drumlanrig's The Car dinal (owner) beat Major Ogilvy's Flower pot, cleverly. We anticipate much good from the violent speech of Mr. Fez-tend. He describel the manufacturers of Britain as cheats, robbers, plunderers, oppressors of the poor ; anti every calumny he uttered against them was applauded to the echo by the Ministerial party I A large proportion of these men no smier acquire wealth than they become the sneaking servile followers or imitators of the Tory aristocracy in politics, manners, and re:igion. It is pleasant to see the class to which their vanity has made them slay, s, turn upon them, and treat them with the insolence or contempt thy S.) richly merit. Their industry has raised up millions of consumers, and doubled the incomes of the landholders, but the vast benefit thus cv.nferred, with all the incense of sycophancy which a mean arid obsequiou.., spirit offers, cannot save them from the kicks and spurns of theta whom they have aggrandised. The speech of Mr. Ferranti will do mush to open their eyes. It. is remarkable, that though Sir Robert Peel is the son of a manufacturer, and well knows how much of the wealth and power of Britain is due to the skill and enterpri.e of that class, and though many manufacturing towns are represented by Tories, not one of the party rose to protest aga i nst Mr. Ferrand's insulting language. Never were the industrial and agricu tural classes so three ly arranged against each other as on this occasion.— Scotsman. S I.II)DEN DE AT il 0 1' A MAN UNKNowN.—Yester day betwetn 10 anti 11 o'clock, a respectably dressed man, about 57 years of age, in passing along Sloane-snect, Knii•ti."! ( ; bridge, opposite to the end of ' Exeter -street, was observed t .. suddenly stagger, aad fall heavily on the footway pa , t 'rP , l se " . l . When rat ed up, he was found to be in a state of Per le u e el l ) di ,_ sibility, his countenance blackened, and features much and to. ted. He was conveyed to St. George's ex pired immediately after lie was carried ther , l e v i .: s s his death is found about him tending to discover whole of the heart. An supposed to have been caused by ar! affect' I :lV'ething was inquest will be held on the body this day according to pre -IVe understand that the c Brighton . next Tuesday, for but we rejoice to learn that there is Buckingham Palace ; sent arrangements, will leave this place with an other of the summer.. The Princess Royal visit in the course _ derive great benefit fr.m the sea aw.—Brighton continues to Paper. every probability of her Majesty . hunouring