The Sun. — London, England, 1849-02-12 00:00:00

t 1 4U kvATEII .I.T LONDON Kit 11)11E. Tins DAT °ming, 3 znln. after 5 I Evenln , , 1% min. after I To-Moaßow—Morning, 39 min. after 5 Evening, 56 min. after I *f.4 ',co , 74. Ar mi A --g . , *4* - v 4idaggli*? , - I , :v ' • . re , • 4. T HE LEGAL TITLE INSURANpE COMPANY. (Provisionally Registered, January 17, 1849.) - Capital, 2,000,0001., in 80,000 Shares, of 251. each. Preliminary Deposit, 2s. 6d. per Share. Prospectuses and AM information may be obtained at the Tempo rary Offices o f the Company, 13a, Cannon-row, Westminster, on ap plication to G. I'. HOWE, lion. See., pro tem. —...... COMPLETION 01? BURKE'S LANDED GENTRY. , Now Ready, in Bvo., price 10s. 6d.. AGENERAL. INDEX. to BURKE'S HISTORY OF THE LANDED GENTRY Of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Comprising ALL THA 11-AIM (upwards of 100.000) mentioned in the Work ; and forming the completion of this important Rational undertaking. " A Work in which every English gentleman will find a domestic Interest, as it contains the fano* account of every known family in the United Einglom."—Messeiger . Henry corburn, publisher, IS, Great Marlborough•street. Vow raudY. In 2 yols, 211. bound, SAM SLITIIE OL CK'S NEW WORK, D JUDGE ; Or, Life in a Corny.. . . " TOL of the Clockmaiu;r's shrewdness enit quaint somlcalities." Examiner. "Thor. Is a fund of wit and wisdom in these amusing volumei." The style ofJudge Haliberton is as familiar to us now In England as is that of Dickens or Thackeray. The Old Judge contains some admirable fun."—Weekly Chronicle. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Narlborotigh-street. ST . JAMES'S TH E A T RE• Season 1249. FRENCH PLAYS and OPERA COMIQVH. THIR EVENING, Me Performances will commence at Half-past Seven o'clock, with VEUVE DE QUINZE ANS. To conclude with the popular Opera Coigne, ontitled ZALITETTA ; on, Jouer avec le Fen. Mr. Mitchell begs also to announce that, notwithstanding the in creased expenses of the present entertainment, the prices of admis sion are determined as follows: . Boxes .. is. Ed . Pit .. 3s. dd. Amphitheatre .. 2 i. • • Od • • • •• eubscriptions for the season may be arranged at Mr. Mitchell's loyal Library, 33, Old Bond-street; Mr. Sams', St. James's-street; Dr. Andrews', New Bond-street ; and at the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open daily from eleven till flue. a 6ATRE KOYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr, B. WebsteT, Sele Lessee and Manager. Old Brompton. The publSe is respectikilly informed that this Theatre has, during the recess, nidirgone very extensive repairs and alterations and the' whale re-decorated. - THIS EVENING. Will be performeAl the Drama of THE HOUSEKEEPER. After which,. TIM WONDER. Don Felix, Mr. ,lean ;, Deana Tiolante,"mrs. C. Dean. To conclude with an Arabian Nights' Entertainment, entitled CAMARALZAINIAN AND BADOURA ; or, The Peri who Loved shit prince. Characters by Messrs. Bland, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, Miss Horton. and Hiss Reynolds. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHL rTrder the direction of Madame Celeste, During the Roma this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the original designs by Digby Wyatt, Esi , executed by Mr. Sang. A. new Stage, (Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys tem of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered mere comfortable. . . THIS EVENING Will be Presented the celebrated Drama, entitled THE GREEN RUgIIES r Or; A Hundred Years Age. Murtogh, Mr. 0. Smith ; Dennis; Mr. Cullentbrd ; Jack Gong, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Grinnidge, Mr. Wright ; Captain Dartois, Mr. Worrell ; Madame St. Aubert, Madame Celeste ; Geraldine,. Miss E. Chaplin; belly O'Neil, Miss Woolgar. • To conclude with THE ENCHANTED ISLE. Alonzo, Mr. Paul Redford ; Prospero, Mr. 0. Smith ; Ariel, Miss E. Chaplin. EOYAL LYCitUM THEATIf.E. trader the Management of Madame Vestris. - Sole Lessee, Mr. Charlei Ma' he T.s.• THIS EVENIN , Will be performed .a new and original petite Comedy, entitled WHO SPEAKS FIRST? After which, a new Fairy Extravaganza, entitled THE KING OF THE PEACOCKS. Characters by Messrs. Harley, John Reeve, Selby, H. Hall, Marshall, and H. Marshall ; Miss Kathleen Fitzwll 'lam, Miss L. Howard, Mrs. Macnamara, Miss Marshall, Miss L. Marshall, Miss Coleman, and Madame Vestris. To conchide with AN APPEAL TO 'CITE PUBLIC. - .55.; Upper Poxes, Is. ; Pit, 2s ; Gallery, ls. No %alt-price to any I,ail of the house. Tee Sew Vox-orlee, No. 2, Wallin ;trin , street, is open to the paf,lio day, from Tan till S. PRINCESS'S TREAT Mr. J. M. Maddox, t4ole - "Lessee and ~ !o.nager. TrirMi the 'feces% this Theatre has been re-Jecrirated and embel lis!:vd in a superb and costly mannerly Mt* ilurwitz. 'A new Chan delier has tAien fitted, awl the best AirPOt;',. men is have been made for the due Ventilation of tha Theatre, and the cwiasirt and convcalence of the andience. TfIIS EVENING, Will be performed the Romantic Opera, entitled LEOLINE. Count : idelimir, Mr. Charles Brahaui; the Senescini, Mr. H. Horn castle; Frantz, Herr Mengis; Matilda ? Mrs `Velss; Leoline, Miss P. olc. To oonclude with a new grand Pantomime, entitled BLUFF KING HAL ; or, Harlequin and the Charmed Arrow, Harlequin, Mr. Bologna; Pantaloon, Mr. Fulls; Clown, Mr. Flexmoro ; Sprite, Mr. De Barr ; Columbine, Miss Fawcett. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. ruder the P.tronage of her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, &c. Enormotia success of the Holiday Novelties, the most astounding in the Metropolis.--A gorgeous Spectacle.—Brilliant Scenes of the Arena.---A new comic Pantomime. Tfl I: NING, The certailt will rise at a Quarter to Seven o'clock precisely to the magnilcent Spectacle, by Fitzhall. entitled "CORA SCO ; or, the Warriors Steed. To be followed by an inimitable display of SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, supported by the first Equestrian talent of the day. To conclude with a new Equestrian Pantomime, entitled BOLD ROLUN HOOD ; or, The Pretty White Horse arid Enchanted Prin cess of Sherivood Forest. li:,z office open Item Eleven till Five. , tsge Manager, Mr. W.. West. TO CORRESPONDENTS. fio conatiiinication can be attended to unless authenti cated by the name and addreBB of the writer. t2,.so"*r••dl Clommilni.cations cannot be returned. 'Fla; EATIIER.--,Swg OFFICE. FEBRUARY 11. TH P.XO - EPTER. Lowest, 34. ili:e.) , .7st. 50 Noon. 53. B& 111 30.85—:05e to 30.91 in the evening. WIND S. W. ; very fine sun'hiny weather; fog in the evening. FEBRUARY 12. LIERIICALTEB., Lowest, 30; Lii , zhost, 51; Noon, 3i. BAROMETER, 30.8. • Wzrrn .S.W.; morning, very dense fog, which continued till f►bcut twelve o'clock; afternoon, fine sunshiny weather. Oluning ..,Atit LONDON, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1842. German patriotism cannot make up its mind as to who shall be crowned with the Imperial diadem at Frankfort. Nor, considering the magnitude of the responsibility imposed on those who have to make the selection, can the delay be any matter of amazement. Even the miraculous skill of VON GAGEIX has failed to elicit anything like a rational unanimity from the representatives. The numbers which he i has hitherto reduced to an orderly and symmetrical Opposition are jumbled into a chaotic confusion. They refuse to settle down in harmonious masses like the precipitate of the ballot-box. On the contrary, one flies off at a tangent here, another there, one in this direction, another in that; and the consequence is that the Assembly is at last altogether at fault ; its machinery won't work, but has become afflicted with a dead-lock. How long this state of legislative stag nation will continue it is absolutely impossible to conjecture; the phlegmatic characteristic of the German race still predominates over the momentary activity Produced by revolutionary ideas. So long as the elect of the people continue to permit them selves to dwindle into the mere dupes of the intrigues of the different Sovereigns, so long will the antici pated nationality of Fatherland be an unattai na bl e mirage useful only to the imagination of UXLAXD. In comniating upon the difficult and bewildering problem as to who would be the fittest personage to invest with the imperial dignity, we have already declared"that to ourselves the choice between the two prettent candidates the Prussian KING and the Aus trian EMPEROR, would render the acceptance of the latter pre*rable, The youth, and consequently the untarnished - reputation of FRANCIS Josarii, would afford that potentate an opportunity of taking the initiative as Emperor of Germany without any glaring and damaging inconsistency, such as might tend to impart to his acts an appearance of insincerity and more time-serving. With FREDERICK WILLIAM it would necessarily be different. The reiterated perfidies of that - Monarch., the fickleness of his attachment to the popular cause, his tarnished and saturnine celebrity,all unite in rendering him about the most unfit recipient of the sceptre of the German Caesars. Be yond which, his sudden elevation to the rank and state. of an emperor, and of an emperor, too, over the vast confederation of the forty Germanic States, would give him en undue and pernicious preponderance over those territories which are more populous and gigant'c than his own. While, nevertheless, we would decide thus summarily in the preference of the successoeie of FERDINAND, im perial we must acknowledge tout neither the Austrian nor the Prussian hug te es& quelifications whi c h s h ould ' be re garded • a; essentiet,to the regal and imperi a l repre p, esenta"ve of the G ar mi t nic nationality. Th e po li cy of the one would ten d too exclusively toward:, Berlin, and the policy or , the other towards Vienna. Th ere would not be that abstraction from what may be called tile provincialism of German sentiments ; there would not be that isolation from the prejudices of eountey,,which abstraction and isolation would be mperatiiefj , `requi re d in, the person of the Supreme Emperor. - There would, moreover, be a perpetual source of jealousies and recrimi nations in the conduct pursued by either. They would be taxed by the millions of Fatherland with a too exclusive devotion to Prussia or to Austria as the case may be .; while, on the other hand, Prussia or Austria 'might charge them with an undue subjection of their own interests to the interest of the great Commonwealth of King doms. In either event there would be the germ of estrangement; and to guard against this is one of the most solemn duties imposed upon the National Par liament assembled to decide upon the destinies of the German people in the Cathedral Church of St. Paul's, in the imperial city of Frankfort-on-the-Maine. All things considered, therefore, the recent pause in the deliberations of the Representatives as to the nomination of the first Emperor, is matter rather for commendation than for condemnation. It betrays in them a profound solicitude to proceed with exqui site caution in the task of selecting a proper centre, round whieh the patriotism of their fellow-country men, whether of Austria, or Prussia, or Bavaria, or Saxony, or Hanover, or of any of the subordinate principalities, may concentrate, without any injury to themselves, individually or collectively, It must be confessed that the problem is very nearly as inscrutable as it is un questionably momentous. It discloses an abyss of such appalling depth as to baffle the gaze of the most far-seeing. If such likewise is the difficulty of the question to the German statesmen, it surely must be no subject for astonishment that the most enlightened foreigners hesitate in arriving at anything like a satisfactory conclusion. Time must yet elapse before the power of the National Assembly can be resigned into the hands of the future Emperor without an ex traordinary degree of rashness. Meanwhile the legislators . assembled in the imperial city are not frit tering away the period of their political existence solely in prolonged and stormy discussions. They still keep in view the exalted labours expected from them prior to the dissolution ; and, in part fulfilment, of those requirements they have only, within the last few days, passed one of their noblest enactments— the law for the protection of personal liberty. While they continue thus to struggle towards the goal of confederative union and national happiness, they will secure to themseves the cordial sympathies of the mul titude, and will prepare the general mind by the worthiest means—that of moral and intellectual ex ample—for the submission to any determination at which they may ultimately arrive, in regard to the individual selected for the office of the Emperor of Germany. There is every probability that the present session of Parliament will not pass away without, at least, an effort to obtain an amendment in the state of the law respecting the confinement of persons alleged to be lunatic. Thanks to the visiting magistrates of Gloucestershire, to whom the gratitude of every friend of humanity is due for the firm, and, at the same time, courteous manner in which they performed their duty during the whole course of the investiga tion into the management of the Fishponds Asylum, the attention of the public has been at length awakened to the importance of the subject; and the Society for. Promoting the Improvement of the Law, acting in this, as in many other instances, as the interpreters of public opinion, have exposed the defects of the law as it at present stands, and have pointed out a remedy. The following was the reference made by the Society to the Committee on Equity :—" To consider the state of the law respect ing the confinement of persons alleged to be lunatics ;" and their amended report, which appears in the Law Magazine for February, has the " unanimous approval of the Committee." After stating that, in their opinion, " the public, and more especially the unfortunate class of lunatics and persons of un sound mind, are exceedingly indebted to the indi-, viduals who have lately paid so much attention to the subject of this reference, and whose efforts have led to the recent legislation respecting it, the Com mittee proceed to consider the state of the law as regards persons, not paupers, nor found lunatics under a commission from the Court of Chancery, but who are placed under the restraint of a lunatic asylum. After giving a bi , tory of the various Acts of Parliament, which at different times have been passed for the regulation of private lunatic asylums, the Committee give the following resume of the exist ing state of the law : " Under the present Amts, then, it comes practically to this, that a person way be placed in a lunatic asylum on producing a written order, which may be signed by aby person, and two certificates, each signed by a medical man, that they consider him insane, and may be lawfully detained in such as)lum, without any further opinion being taken as to the fact of the lunacy, and subject only to the visits of the Commissioners in Lunacy befot a mentioned, and in the couutry, of the visiting justices in fiddition. It is to be remarked that all the persons who thus concur in depriving the alleged lunatic of his liberty (except the Commissioners and visitors) may have an interest in representing him to be a lunatic and keeping him confined. In the person signing the order already mentioned there may be an interest the most direct. The person who arrests him, and takes him by force, if neces sary, to the asylum, is subject to no regulation; he is not a person in any way recognised by the law ; he is ap• pointed by no person directly responsible. The occu pation, though a necessary one, can only be endurable by a particular class of persons ; and we thus find that those who are so employed are sometimes persons of bad character. The medical men who sign a certi ficate, are not any body of that profession resident in the several counties selected for their peculiar skill in this department of medical knowledge, or their especial standing or respectability; they may be any members of that profession wherever resident, with some unimper tent qualifications, whom the parties interested choose to select; and it may bo that a particular case appli cations may be made to many medical men previous to the necessary certificates being procured; and of course if any miscondttct is required, those members only will be chosen who are capable of it, and such will find their way into the most honourable professions. It is also to be observed, that even in the most upright mem bers of any profession there is a natural sympa,hy with those who employ them, from which it is difficult for the mind to divest itself. Thus any person whoever, sane or insane, may possibly be immured for life in an asylum on false or erroneous certificates, which have been procured from medical men of very questionable character." After alluding to the appointment of the Commissioners in Lunacy as " a very con siderable check upon the abuses of the system," the report proceeds to show that the check can not be very considerable, inasmuch as "it seems impossible that the visiting Commissioners can make a special examination of each of the persons confined;" and as "it is certain that in many cases a considerable in • terval must take place between the date of the first confinement of the lunatic and his examination by the Commissioners ;" in fact, to use the words of Mr. PURNELL, the able and energetic Chairman of the Gloucester Quarter Sessions, " there is time to MAKE a man mad if he be put under restraint until the visit is made." The physical impossibility of the Com missioners acting as any " very considerable check upon the abuses of the system " becomes self-evident when we recollect, that " there are six visiting Commissioners, whose duty it is to visit and exercise control over the lunatic asylums of the whole country," the number of patients confined in such asylums being estimated by the Commissioners them selves at 26,516. The CoMmittee consider that " there is a sufficient evil existing under the present system to warrant the interference of the Legislature," and they propose the following remedies - for .thateevil. Leaving un touched that point of the law which r equ i res medical men to give certificates oflunacy, but not desiring that such certificates should have the effect of authorising perpetual confinement, the Committee " are of opinion that, before the liberty of a person is taken away on the ground of his being a lunatic, there should be a further inquiry by some person having a judicial character, within a reasonable period, to be determined by law, after the first confinement in the asylum.'' This is the great principle for which we have con - tended for the last five years, and certainly it is most gratifying to find that the Committee on Equity of the Society for the improvement of the Law have been thus unanimous in bearing testimony to its soundness. The Committee suggest that the "Masters in Lunacy," where practicable, and, in other cases, that the Judge of the County Court or the Magistrates at the Petty Sessions would be ithe most proper persons to he employed to conductm the investigation, or "it might be thought a lunatic, jurery oadvisable r s e e v a e t n capable.t t o h ed of decide p d t e i oonn exercisingobf. fact;s t it, h e to b alleged to call the prefer leaving the matter tb be decided by some judicial person on whom the responsibility o f th e confinement should entirely rest." This is a mere point of detail which it will be quite time enough to consider when the great principle of " no perpetual confinement with out previous investigation" shall have received the sanction of the Legislature. The Corn mittee also propose a valuable alteration in the law by recommending that " within such period after the lunacy has been properly established, as the judicial officer who shall have determined as to the fact of lunacy shall deem reasonable, the property of the lunatic of all kinds shall vest in an official committee to be administered for his benefit by the Masters in Lunacy, or by some local jurisdiction in the provinces." Were this proposition adopted, it would at once diminish considerably the number of alleged lunatics, inasmuch as it would remove from relations all temptations to get up an alleged case of lunacy against a _rich kinsman, for the purpose of procuring the administration of his property. We regret to find that the Committee have not thought it right to consider on the present occasion the case of persons found lunatics under a commission from the Court of Chancery. The case of Mrs. Cumxpro, to which we have so often referred, shows the necessity of some alteration in the law respecting Chancery lunacy commissions, the defective state of which is still further proved by the case of Mr. DYCE SOMBRE, who, according to the united testimony of Dr. PARIS, President of the Col lege of Physicians, Dr. MATO, Vice-President of the College, Sir ALEXANDER MORRISON, Physician of Bethlehem Hospital, Dr. JAMEs COPILAND, author of the " Cyclopedia of Medicine," Dr. ROBERT FERGUSSON, Physician to the Queen, and Dr. W. COSTELLO, editor of the " Cyclopaidia of Practical Surgery," and who has studied the treat ment of mental diseases in the most celebrated asy lums of the continent, is at this present moment of perfectly sane mind, albeit, he is only entrusted by the Court of Chancery with the expenditure of a por tion of his property, and is not permitted to remain in England in perfect liberty, while he may wander all over the continent at his own will and pleasure thus giving the authority of the Court of Chancery to the libel that there is a tendency in this our climate of England to engender lunacy, for on no other prin ciple is it possible to account for the decision of the Court in the case of Mr. Drce SOMBRE. The Hon. EDMUND Pim.Ps may be regarded as the champion of indirect taxation. He has stood forward boldly in defence of the existing system, and endeavoured to shelter under his buckler the venerable abuses that have sprung up during succes sive centuries. The budgets put forward by Messrs. CO➢DEN, Mica REGOR, and RIGBY WASON have been successively attacked, and it is manifest that the lion. Gentleman has, at least, satisfied himself that he has succeeded in completely overthrowing their several projects, We confess that we had expected better things of the Author of " The Monetary Crisis",* of the gentle man who, during the existence of the panic of 1847, put forward some valuable suggestions for the modi fication of the Bank Charter, by the adoption of which he contended that " present relief and increased safety for the future," might be obtained. He cer tainly did not, in the month of October, 1847, con sider it a high crime and misdemeanour to come forward as the author of an "Amateur Budget." or suppose that, by so doing, he had exposed himself to ridicule as a " would•be Chancellor of the Exche quer." We must, however, be contented to regard Mr. PHIPPS as an energetic opponent, in place of find ing him, as we had expected, a zealous and efficient " Collaborateur." Mr. PHIPPS has addressed himself in turn to the " Three Amateur Budgets," and given a few words—we may add, a very few words to each.f The weakness of his cause may be collected from the points which ho has alone ♦entured to attack. If a party comes forward to reply to a general state ment, and in place of fairly controverting the general principles on which the entire structure is based, seizes on some minor point, and directs his whole attention thereto, the natural inference must be, that he is unable to impeach the validity of those princi ples ; that he is unable to point out any error therein. As Mr. WasoN truly remarked, " the silence is more eloquent than words." " The Budget for the Million " first excites the wrath of Mr. Plum. The blunders in the arithmetic, as they are termed, are seized hold of and commented on in the most hu morous vein. He says " What, my readers, a Chancellor of the Exchequer-to be, and not correct in his figures. Impossible. A cabdriver who does not know his way about town, a sea• captain who cannot box the compass, a soldier who has not even practised the goose-step, were less absurd. But so it is." These are the points to which we ourselves had previously directed the . public 'attention, the mistake of. the 5 per cent , which did not in the slightest degree affect the principle, and of the error of words, in calling the figures which he had correctly set down as " four billions,". in place of "four thousand millions," a mistake which could certainly have had no bearing whatsoever on the real question. Mr. PHIPPS, in his recent letter to which we gave insertion on Friday last, says—" Had I seen the notice in your paper of the error in Mr. WAsoN's calculations, or his own.acknowiedgment of it before my remarks were printed, I certainly should not have again adverted to it, though I think his amended calculations open to the objections I have pointed out." We are bound to give full credence to this statement, and we do so without the slightest hesitation. It was, however, exceedingly unfortunate that the oversight occurred, and that Mr. PHIPPS should thereby be led to waste his powers on points of such trivial importance, so far apart from the real merits. " The Budget for the Million" first ap peared in The Sun of the 25th January last, and in our leading article of the same day we explained the mistake. We then said— "In his second proposition Mr. WasoN, in the hurry of calculation, has fallen into an error. He justly assumes the value of the realised property of the country to be 4,400,000,0001, and he says that 5 per cent. on this capital sum would produce more than sufficient to pay off the National Debt. Now the National Debt, in round terms, amounts to 800,000,0001., whereas 5 per cent. on 4,400,000,000/. would amount to but 220,000,0001. only. It would, therefore, take about 18 per cent. to obtain the required amount. The error in calculation does not, however, in any degree alrect the principle, and Mr. Wason has shown how the great desideratum may bo attained, and the ❑ation freed from an enormous debt, which it is posi tively disgraceful and dishonest to make no effort to liquidate, when the country is in a state of profound peace and tranquillity." On the 27th a letter (rots Mr. WASOIf appeared in our columns, thanking us for having " so early pointed out the error in the five , per cent. calculation," and then he entered into the second, or ten per cent. calculation, to which Mr. PHIPPS 'alludes in the postscript of his pamphlet; in a note to which he erroneously states that Mr. WASON f‘ only refers to the error pointed out to him by the Spectator," when, in point of fact, the error had been explained and actually acknowledged in this journal before the publication of our respected Contemporary. Under these circumstances, we think it unfortunate that Mr. PHIPPS had not taken the trouble to inform himself fully of the state of the question upon which he was about to enlighten the public mind—that he did not know the real points at issue respecting the Budget for the million before he attempted to dispose of them in so very summary and expeditious a •manner. The recent letter to which we have already alluded alone ventured to attack the principle put forward by Mr. Wason : that then contains the arguments on which Mr. PHIPPS means to rely, and we confidently refer to Mr. \\ration's re joinder which appeared on Saturday, and to our own observations 0.1 the same day, as affording the most complete and satisfactory refutation of these arguments. Mr. WA ox's Budget then remains uunseathed, notwithstanding the vigorous onslaught of Sir CHARLES WOOD'S new and puissant ally. ' Monetary Crisis, with a Proposal for Present Relief, and Increased Safety in Future. By ilia HOP. Edmund Phipps, Bal ris . .er-at-law. London : James Ridgway. t " A Few Words on the Three Amateur Budgets of Cobden, Macgregor, and Wason_" By the . Hon. Ed mund Phipps. London: James Ridgway. On Saturday, the 10th instant, a general assembly of the academicians was held at the Royal Academy of Arts, in Trafalgar-square, when Richard Westmacott, Esq., was elected an academician, in the room of Ramsay Richard Reinagle, Esq., resigned. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris papers of Saturday and Sunday. On Friday the National Assembly was engaged in discussing the project of law on commercial bill stamps, and on Saturday in considering the Bill for the organization of the judicial tribunals. The third reading of the proposition of M. LANIUINAIS for the dissolution of the National Assembly is fixed for Tuesday. Notice was given on Saturday of the following amendments to be proposed on that oc casion : M. DOPLAN proposes to add to the proposition the following clause :—" The Committee on the Budget shall present its repart within one month from the promulgation of the present law. Two days after its presentation the Assembly shall commence its dis cussion. The electoral law shall not be promulgated, at the earliest, until the day of the commencement of this discussion." M. EMILIE Pius proposes to add the following : " After the completion of the electoral law, and before its promulgation, the discussion and vote of the Budget shall be proceeded with." These amendments have been rendered necessary by the attempts of the Ministry to avoid the discus sion of the Budget, and thus to nullify, by a quibble, the decision of the Assembly. We read in the Moniteur " The Minister ofthe Interior has received the fol lowing news, dated the Bth, by telegraph, from the pre fect of the Herault Very grave disturbances have taken place at Cette, on the occasion of the suppression of a bonnet rouge on the top of a tree of liberty. The Mairie has been pillaged ; the cerele du commerce burned down, and three houses devastated. The Prefect, the Procureur- General, and the General commanding the department immediately went to the spot with fifty of the engineer corps. Tranquillity has been re established. Numerous arrests have been effected with out resistance. The Mayor has been suspended by the Prefect, and a provisional municipality has been orga nized. A judicial investigation is going on, and ener getic measures have been taken."' The .Ileforme says :—" The house of BARING of London, which had offered, when General CavaiGrac was President of the Council, a loan of 300 millions to the French Government, now increases, we are assured, the offer to 500 millions and on more favour able conditions. But the French Government dares not accept the proposition of the house of BARING. There appears to exist between the Government and the house of ROTHSCHILD certain arrangements which they cannot well transgress." The Minister of Agriculture and Commerce has addressed a circular to the Chamber of Commerce, asking if they would be willing to admit foreign articles to the approaching exhibition of manufactures, and if so what articles they think most likely, from their novelty or superiority, to exercise a favourable influence on the manufactures of France. The President of the High Court of Justice has named AI. BOINYILIERU to act as counsel for BARBER and ALBERT ; M. DECOUX-LAPETRIERE for RAIPAIL, PAUL DEGRE, and THOMAS ; M. ADELON for FLOTTE ; M. BUCHERE for BLANQUI; those prisoners having refused to choose counsel themselves. It was, how ever, stated yesterday that ALBERT, BLANQUI, and FLOTTE, had announced their intention of se!ecting counsel. The prisoner QUENTIN has confided his de fence to M. JOUHAUD, and the prisoners COURTAIS, SOBRIER, and LARGET, have severally chosen M. BE IHMONT, M. ALEM ROUSSEAU, and M. MADRIER DE MONTJAU. RASPAIL and QUENTIN yesterday caused to be presented to the Court of Appeal a declaration of appeal against being sent to trial. This appeal will, it is believed, be heard one day next week. The National of Saturday, says—" The Ministerial journals of last evening, announcing that the Presi dent of the Republic passed a regiment of infantry in review, make use of these words in speaking of the head of the State.' The note which they publish on this subject is evidently a Ministerial communication. It is therefore to the Ministry that we address ourselves in observing, that the President of the Republic is the head of the Executive power, and not the head of the State. That qualification is too unconstitutional for us to suppose that the Ministry will employ it after our observation," The Corzstitutionnel says :—" The news of the en trance of CARRERA into France is confirmed. A letter from Perpignan of Feb. 4 says—'lt was on the 27th of January, at the affair of Pasteral, that General CABRERA. was dangerously wounded, and then pursued most rapidly by the division of the QUEEN'S troops, under Colonel Ramo?: MARIA So- LANO, who followed him to the French frontier. CABRERA entered France on January 31, at four in the afternoon, by the village of La Farga, between Campredon and Prats de-Mollo, accompanied only by his medical attendant, and lies hid in that neigh bourhood.'" The Prase says that the Minister for Foreign Affairs has received a telegraphic dispatch announcing the death of CABRERA. The statement needs confir mation. There was a review yesterday in the Champ de Mars. The diplomatists who are to take part in the con ferences on the affairs of Italy have all left Paris for Brussels. The Committee on the demand for an inquiry into the conduct of the Government on the 29th of January have resolved, by tv majority of 9 to 5 to reject the demand. The Committee of the National Assembly on the Law for Suppressing the Clubs have resolved to re commend the rejection of the Bill introduced by the Government. The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse, on Saturday, at 47f. 60c.; the Five per Cents. at 7Af. 75c.; the New Loan at 78f. 65c.; Orleans Railroad Shares at 745 f.; Rouen, 460 f.; Havre, 2521.50 c.; Great Northern 4061. 25c.; Vierson, 277 f. 50c,; Avignon, 177 f. 50c.; Basle 88f. 75c.; Bordeaux, 400 f. ; Paris and Strasburg, 828 f. 75c.; Tours and Nantes, 3171. 50c. --- BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK - EXCHANGE, Fxn. 10. Boulogne and Amiens, 9 —Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), 9—Dutch Rhenish, IN—Luxembourg (10/.), 2 1 4—Namur and Liege, 811 4—Northern of France, 8 1 ) i— Orleans and Bordeaux, 3 —Paris and Orleans, 31—Paris and Rouen, 19—Rouen and Havre, 10 1 4—Sambre and Meuse, 44—Tours and Nantes, 2. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY - 12, 1849,.- SPAIN. Madrid journals of the sth have been received. The account of the defeat of CABRRRA at Pasteral is confirmed. The QUEEN'S forces, it appears, had artillery, while CABRERA had none. There were various rumours of impending Minis terial modifications current in Madrid. According to one account ARRAZOLA. and BRAVO Minum.o are , and to be succeeded by LOZANO ; while, a cco rdi ng t n o io re s ti ß re osA from g and the s C ut ab j i A Cab in et , to another, it is NARVABZ himself who is about to retire, to make way for Mon. The place where the Madrid ma il o f th e I s t was robbed was three mi les beyond B urgos . Ab ou t one in the morning a band of Carlists, fif teen in number, well mounted and armed, un der the command of El Estudiante, ordered thJ driver to step, and as he could not pull up his mules 'at once, he and the condnctor were both struck at and wounded, the latter with a sabre stroke on the head. A French traveller, M. NUMA SIMON, and two others who were in the carriage, were not injured. The band turned the mules aside from the main road, and after having arrived at a retired spot, topic from the travellers all that they possessed of money and valuables ; they then burned the har ness, letters, and the rnalle-poste itself. One of the men who wanted to keep for himself M. SIMON'S watch was very nearly shot by El Estudiante, and only owed his life to the intercession of the Frenchman. They even returned to this latter three Toledo blades which he was taking to France. All the persons attacked were allowed at last to go away without further damage. They slept that night at Quintanapalla. MADRID Boma, FEB.. s.—The Three per Cents. were done to-day at 211 cash, and were 916 to buyers after the close. The Five per Cents. were done at 10i cash, in small bonds, and were 10 buyers after the close. Coupons, 61 sellers. Passive Debt, 3 15.16 buyers, 4 sellers. Bank Shares, 56 buyers, 58 sellers. Exchange on London, 49 20. GERMANY AND THE NORTHERN STATES. AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY. Accounts have been received from Vienna to the sth inst.., S e veral' - soldiers, were shot in the streets on the night of the.4th. The Ministry, it is said, have determined to prosecute several of the Members of the Diet. The Breslau Gazette of the 6th ssys that the affair of Szolnok, on the 23d, resulted in a brilliant victory of the Hungarians over the Imperialists. The Aus trians lost three batteries and all their ba7gage, their dragoons were cut to pieces by the Hungarian hussars, and 1,800 of their men were made prisoners. General BEM had entered Hermanstadt, and taken the fortress of Karlsburg. The Oesterreichische Zeitung reports a fight be tween two Austrian and Sardinian war-steamers They had some firing with heavy guns, and con siderable damage was done on either side, although the combat did not lend to any decisive result. An Austrian fleet is now collecting at Pola. FRANKFORT. The reply of the Austrian Ministry to the resolu tions of the German Parliament as to the Chief of the Empire was brought from 011mutz on the Bth, by M. DB Warm Its contents have not transpired. According to the Al4remeine Deutsche Zeitung, published at Frankfort, I‘.l. BUNSEN is on the point of returning to London accredited as the Plenipoten tiary of the Central Power in the negotiations re. specting the Danish question. The instructions given to M. BUNSBN are (says the above journal) naturally conformable to the intentions of the Central Power to conclude peace with Denmark without detriment either to the interests of the duchies or the dignity of Germany; consequently his instructions are in favour of the independence of Schleswig and its inseparable union with Holstein. The Parliament has enacted the following law for the protection of personal liberty. " Sec. 1. Personal liberty is inviolable. " Sec. 2. With the exception of a seizure in flagranti, an arrest cannot take place, except on the ground of a written judicial warrant, in which the culprit and the acts of which he stands accused are accurately defined. This warrant must be shown to the culprit at the time of the arrest, and a copy of it given him within the next twenty-four hours. The person so arrested must within the same space of time be produced before the judge of the district. "Sec. 3. The term ' in jiagranti' signifies the crime while it is being perpetrated, or immediately after such perpetration. Cases are considered as such in which public opinion denounces the culprit, or when he is taken flying, or when weapons, books, papers, or other objects whatsoever which incriminate hint as perpetrator of or accessory to the crime, are found iu his possession im mediately after the perpetration of such crime. " Sec. 4. The provisions of section 2 do not apply to cases in which the police arrest a person in the interest of correctional justice, or for acts against public order or the safety of a person or persons. But the po lice authorities are bound, within twenty-four hours, to liberate the person so arrested or to deliver him or her up into the power of the judge of the district. " Sec. E. A hearing must be given to each arrested person within 24 hours after the arrest. " Sec. 6. All persons arrested shall be admitted to bail, and the bail shall be fixed by the judge, with the sole exception of the person arrested being obviously accused of a great crime, in which case it shall be op tional to the judge whether or no he will accept bail. The amount of bail shall in no case be excessive, and even bail by oath is admissible. . . . " Sec. 7. The arrest of a person for debt in the cases in which such arrest is permitted by law shall take place only on the strength of a written judicial warrant, in which the person to be arrested and the object of the liability are accurately defined. This warrant must be shown to the person so arrested, and a copy of it given to him within 24 hours after the arrest. "Sec. 8. No one shall be withdrawn from his legal judge. There shall be no exceptional courts or extraordinary commissions. No punishment shall be threatened or inflicted unless it be on the ground of e. law. " Sec. 9. Dwelling-places are inviolable. At night no one has a right to enter them, except in the case of danger from fire or water, in the case of danger of life, or in consequence of a cry or prayer for help having issued from the interior of such dwelling. During the day no one shall enter against the will of the owner or tenant, except on the strength of some official and legal duty or capacity, or on the strength of a writ ten warrant from competent authority. A domici liary visit is admissable only-1. On the strength of a writ ten judicial warrant, defining the cause and purpose of such visit. A copy of this warrant must be given to the owner or tenant of the dwelling so visited. 2. In case of the prosecution of a person detected izjiagranti, as above defined, by a legal officer, and in such cases and forms in which officers are justified by law to undertake a domiciliary visit without a judicial warrant. A domi ciliary visit must, if possible, take place in the presence of the inhabitants of the house so visited. The inviola bility of the dwelling is no obstacle to the arrest of a person under legal persecution. " St c. 10. The seizure of letters and pap( rs, except in the case of a domiciliary ♦isit or arrest, takes place only on the strength of a judicial warrant, defining the can-e and end of such seizure, and this warrant shall be shown► to the interested party either on the spet or within the next 24 liburs afterwards. " Sec. 11. In case of an illegal arrest, or in case of the illegal prolongation of an arrest, or in case of an ille gally instituted domiciliary visit or seizure of letters and papers, the author of such illegal actions shall be ame nable to give satisfaction and damages to the person so offended, and in case of insolvency of the culprit, the State shall pay the costs and damages. " Sec. 12. The term of night' in the present enact ment signifies, in the time from the first of October to the 31st of March, the hours from six o'clock P.M. to Six A.M.; and for the time from the Ist of April to the 30th of September, the hours from nine o'clock P.M. to four ♦.M. But these limitations of time do not apply to places which are notorious as haunts of gamblers and other criminal, depraved, and dissolute persons, ror does it apply to the dwelling -houses of private individuals whom a judicial penal decree has placed under the im.- mediate inspection of the police." PRUSSIA. The recent returns of the elections from the provinces are more in favour of the Ministerialists than have been those heretofore received. Up to the Bth the Ministerialists claimed 143 as the number of the returns in favour. The Second Chamber will meet in the Ilardenberg Palace. It was rumoured on the Bth that KOSSUTH was in Berlin. No credit can be attached to this report. THE NETHERLANDS. THE HAGUE, Fan Staats Courant pub lishes the programme of the opening of the ordinary session of the States General, which will take place on the 13th, and will be attended with the usual solemnities. The KING has appointed Baron VON VERSEHNER, Member of the First Chamber, in place of M. OUDER MENLEN, who has declined the honour of taking part in the Legislative Cham ber. 'We learn from Maestricht that some Prus sian soldiers committed acts of violence in a public house at Vaals. The magistrates went thither this morning to institute the necessary inquiries. They were accompanied by two surgeons, from which it is concluded that some wounds must have been inflicted, but we have not as yet received any particulars re specting the affray. The States of the Province of Drenthe met at an extraordinary session on the 31st ult. to modify the provisional budget, conformably to the law recently voted on the subject of the provincial contributions of Drenthe. On this occasion Art. 126 of the new fundamental law gave rise to an incident which de serves notice. By the terms of this article the sittings of the Pro vincial States may be public, and accordingly three of the inhabitants of Assen presented themselves as auditors of the deliberations of their delegates, but the President refused them to enter the hall. These gentlemen have, accordingly, addressed a letter to the Minister of the Interior, in which they report the above act, and make a protest against it, as being contrary to the above-named article of the Consti tution. The Dutch papers state . that, on the report of his Excellency the Minister of Justice, the KING has appointed a commission charged to examine up to what point the ancient French laws are still obliga tory in the Netherlands. The Commissioners are composed of three lawyers—M. METMAN, M. DE PESITO, of the Hague, and M. OLIENER, of Leydon. These jurisconsults have accepted the task imposed upon them gratuitously. RUSSIA. ST. PETERSBURG, JAN.—The Police Gazette of St. Petersburg says :—" For some time the game of lottery has increased to an extraordinary degree in the Clubs and other public societies, not only in the two capitals, but more especially in the other Go vernment towns, in consequence of which his Majesty the EMPEROR, by an Imperial ukase, dated the 22d of this month, has been pleased positively to prohibit the playing of the game of lotte in all Clubs and public places whatsoever."—Prussian Staats Anzeiger, Feb. 8. ITALY. The French National of Sunday publishes an ex tract from a letter from Florence (without, however, guaranteeing its authenticity) which states that a serious emeute broke out at Florence a few days ago, and that the GRAND Duaa had to fly for his life to Siena. It appears by the Italian journals that disturbances of a serious character had taken place at Naples. The Tiemp• of that city of the 30th ult. states briefly that disturbances had broken out on the preceding day, but without giving details. Order, it says, was restored after the first commotions, and no calamity was to be apprehended, the Government being vigilant and prepared to repress every attempt at disorder. The Alba of Florence states the cause of the dis turbance on the 29th ult. as. follows :—" The 29th of January, being the anniversary of the granting of the Neapolitan Constitution, was to have been cele brated by a popular illumination throughout the town. The Government, to prevent it, prevented the sale of lampions. This caused crowds to assemble, which were dispersed by the troops, who fired upon the people. The Corriere Livornese mentions further disturbances as having broken out at Naples on the Ist, at the opening of the Chambers. A violent excitement prevailed throughout the city. The troops were under arms. When the regiment of hussars drew up in order of battle, the people cheered them. The hussars answered by cries of Long live the Italian Constituent Assembly !' The regiment was then ordered back and put under arrest. At the de parture of the steamer the shops were closing, and Naples had a very serious appearance." The Concordia of the 7th inst. has the following intelligence from Naples, dated 31st of January : " Tie 29th and 30th were days of bloodshed (gbrni di sangue). The anniversary of the 29th of January, 1848, gave occasion for a serious demonstration, seconded by the constitutional lazzaroni. The troops showed themselves in imposing force, and sabred and fired without distinction. This conduct increased the hostility of the people. The opening of the Chambers has taken place under very menacing auspices for the tyrant of Naples. There were many wounded, and some seriously. The courage of the people was a subject of remark. The troops have made many arrests. It being seen, how ever, that the contest was unequal, t'.ey gave up. The Chamber is to be surrounded by a immanent garrison for its defence." The Piedmontese Gazette publishes an official con tradiction of the refort that the Cabinet of Turin had proposed to that of Naples an alliance, defensive and offensive, in consideration of the renunciation by the Duke of SAYOY of the Crown of Sicily; an , l also that GIOBERTI had invited the King of NAPLES to occupy the Sates of the Church, offering to acknowledge the sovereignty of the Government of Naples over Rome and the Le gations, on condition that the Neapolitan Government should acknowledge the sovereignty of King CHARLES ALBERT over the Lombardo Venetian provinces and the duchies. The Piedmont Gazette adds, "Not only has the Cabinet of Turin neither made nor authorised any such proposition, but would have repulsed such overtures if made to it by any parties whatsoever." The Costituante Italiana, of Florence, quotes a letter from Rome of the 2d instant, in which the writer states as a piece of positive news, that the POPE " had escaped from his gaolors at Gaeta for France on board a French steamer." The news of the departure of the POPC from Gaeta seems to us to be not entitled to credit. Letters from Siena, of the 2d, state that, in conse quence of the late reactionary demonstration, a conflict had taken place in that town, in which the Liberals had the upper hand, but not without the loss of some dead and wounded. The Swiss, at Bologna, under General LATOUR have given in their adhesion to the Provisional Government of Rome. Il Pen.riero Italian of Genoa, of the sth instant, publishes the following letter, dated Gaeta, the 30th ult.:— " Gioberti has prevailed over the intrigues and the proposals made by the Governments of France, Spain, and Austria, who each endeavoured to captivate the Pope for their own purposes. Count Martini, the Sardinian Envoy at Gaeta, had been intimately con nected with the Count de Spaur. The Count and his wife are the most intimate associates of his Holi ness. The latter, who at first had been enraged against the representatives of the Democratic Sardinian Minis try, at length consented to receive Count Martini. The Count spoke on his first interview with the Pope in the following terms:—' We are Italians; your Holiness is Italian; your subjects are Italian. Why suffer Isabella, with her Spaniards, or the French Republic, or Marshal Radetzky to meddle with our affairs? The King of Sar dinia is the eldest sea of the Church. Suffer the Abbe Gio berti to act and ho will reconcile the difference existing between your Holiness and the Romans. The Marquis de Rivas announced at the same time the arrival of troops from Spain. He placed the frigates Isabella, Lepanto, Mazziredo, and Volador, at the disposal of the Pope, and he pressed his Holiness to accept the services of the Catholic Spanish Government. General Zucchi presented to the Pope tho carabineers who had deserted. The Austrian troops were advancing towards the legations to concert a plan of operation with Zatiabini. French intrigue was not idle. M. de la Tour d'Aubergne had arrived. The French fleet was ready at Toulon. A signal to the Marquis d'Harcourt was all that was required to set the troops in motion. But Count Martini promised that his Government should withdraw from the Constituent As sembly at Rome, and that not a single Sardinian deputy should be sent there. On those conditions Pius IX. promised to be governed by the advice of his dear son in God, Gioberti, who should arransf,e the conditions o f his return to R o m e w id e MazzArelli, Sterbini, and Cam pello." IRELAND. (BY ELEC PRI( TELEGRAPH.) DUBLIN, SUNDAY EVENING. TRIAL OF MR. Durry.—The arguments on the last crotchet did not conclude until after post hour on Saturday. After a tedious discussion, the Court decided that the pri soner should elect either to plead or demur to the whole indictment. Sir Colman O'Loghlen adopted the latter alternative, and having handed in a de murrer, proceeded to address the Court, which Ad journed before the Learned Baronet concluded his arguments. A POOR-LAW UNION BANKRUPT.--A private letter states, that the vice-guardians of the Bantry Union have, from want of funds, stopped out-door relief. Government is, of course, expected to interpose with a grant in aid. IRISH IMPORTS.—The imports of grain of all kinds into the port of Cork since Tuesday last amount to 17,357 quarters. Of Indian meal there is said to be a stock in store in the city of Cork sufficient for three months' consumption. DESERTION OF ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPELS. — TWO Roman Catholic chapels in the county of Clare had been closed for the last two months, the number of parishioners being so reduced as to be unable to sup port the clergyman. THE CHOL - ERA IN BELFAST.—This dreadful malady is on the increase. The following is the official re turn for the three days ending yesterday :—New cases on the 7th, Bth, and 9th, 50; deaths, 18; reco veries, 10; under treatment, 88. Cases since com mencement, 356; deaths, 122 ; recoveries, 146; re maining, 88. NATIONAL EDUCATION.—The clergy of the United Dioceses of Down and Connor and Dromore are to meet on an early day to take counsel concerning the present position of the Church of Ireland, as regards the important question of National Education, and to adopt a diocesan petition to the two Houses of Par liament on the subject. THE ULSTER FlRES.—Another act of incendiarism was perpetrated on Thursday night, within five miles of Belfast, but very little injury was inflicted. EMIGRATION.—On Friday the William Penn steamer left Waterford with between 400 and 500 emigrants for Liverpool, there to take shipping for America. THE FOG. The metropolis was this morning enveloped in one of those disagreeable fogs which have so often excited the wonder of the foreigner, and rendered London during the winter months an unpleasant place of abode for parties &Meted with pulmonary complaints. Of course it was thickest in the heart of the City, where for a time it endangered the navigation of the streets and necessitated the troublesome and expensive use of gas and torches in conducqt:g the business of the day. Now and then there were fitful glimpses of daylight, which rendered the darkness more palpably visible, and people stopped for a moment to ascertain their whereabouts. At noon it began to disappear, and shortly afterwards the sun shone forth with All his congenial warmth, dissipating every trace of the unwelcome visitor. We have not heard of any accident resulting from the presence of the fog. DREADFUL ACCIDENT ON THE CALEDONIAN RAILWAY.-FIVE LIVES LOST. CARLISLE, SUNDAY, FEB. 11.—A dreadful accident occurred on the Caledonian Railway last night, by which five lives have been lost. The mail train left Carlisle for the North at 9. 16 P.M. It consisted of an engine and tender, a first class carriage, a second-class carriage, a mixed carriage of first-class and second-class for Perth, three horse-boxes, containing nine horses for Perth, a first-class and second-class carriage for Edinburgh, and a horse-box for Beattock. It proceeded without interruption until it passed the Rockliffe station, about four miles north of Carlisle, when suddenly the engine and tender were dissevered from the train, the latter getting off the rails. The first-class car riage for Glasgow also got off the rails. The second class carriage for Glasgow, the travelling post-office, three horse-boxes, the mixed carriage for Perth, and the Edinburgh first-class carriage, were all precipitated down the embankment, fifteen feet in height. The second class carriage was turned on its side; the post-office van ran right through it, turning it topsy-turvy, and shivering it to atoms. The greatest consternation prevailed among the pas sengers, who were rather more numerous than usual. The night, being moonlight, the guard, the engine driver, the stoker, and those who made a safe exit from the carriages, immediately set to work to explore the ex tent of the disaster. A messenger was dispatched on foot to Carlisle, and on his arrival Mr. Spiers, the super. intendent of the station, set out to the spot with a special engine and a relay of workmen. Ia a few hours four then were taken from under the second-class carriage, quite dead, and a fifth seriously injured. They were all placed in a luggage-train which passed from the north soon afterwards, and, with those of the passengers who consented to return, taken to Car lisle. The injured man had his foot cut completely off. When he was taken to the infirmary, it was found ne cessary to amputate his leg. He died in the course of the night. Mr. Nixon, yeoman of Rae Burn Hill wai pitched out of the carriage in which he was sitting, and rolled down the embankment into a ditch, where he was discovert d by the merest accident, just before the luggage train left the scene of the catastrophe for Carlisle. Mr. Mackintosh, merchant of Glasgow, and his son, were a good deal bruised, and were taken to the house of their friend, Mr, T. Clarke, currier, of the Crescent, Carlisle. Mr. Drummond, one of the commissioners of the Glaigow police, was one of the passengers, but he escaped without injury. . . Other pTis.-(; . rgers sustained bruises to more or less extent. We Inlye not been able to ascertain their names. The persons killed ard all cviduntly, from their st)le of drt hbourin , g- men.. The sec And class carriage, which is thought to I,e ar: cause of the accident, is supped to have beta of impro per guage. It belongs to the Londou and Ner[li-Western Company. The officials connected with the Caledonian have liven most att,litive to the pasiengeri who were extracted from the carriages rnd brought to Carlisle. Three of the horses were sav ed ;t he rest ki'led. Several hundreds of people have flecked to the scene of the disaster to day, and when we 1., , ft, at one o'clock. men were busily employed in lifting upthe trucks and carriages. Both lines have heen thoroughly repaired, and no ob s'ru.ion is f,frared to the tr“ffie. Ai. itsiu , tit on the bodies of the unfortunate sufferers will ii. held to-anorr w. MARKET ALWs.—(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE -MONDAY. During last week the quantity of English Wheat received for our market, coastwise as well as by land carriage and sample, was small, and of very middling quality. The reeeipts of all other articles of home produce, including Flour, were, comparatively speaking, trifling, if we except those of Malt, which exceeded 6,000 quarters. The arrivals from Ireland and Scotland were chiefly confined to a few cargoes of Oats. The imports from abroad comprised 23,940 quarters of Wheat; 4,717 ditto of Barley; 3,135 ditto of Oats; 857 ditto of Beans; 587 ditto of Peas; 1,943 ditto of Tares; 1,450 ditto of Linseed; 45 ditto of Mustard Seed; 93 ditto of sundry ether seeds; 2,148 sacks, and 100 barrels of Flour. The principal portion of the Wheat reached us from the near continental ports and the Black Sea. 'The Flour came to hand chiefly from France. Rather extensive supplies of Fo reign Barley and Oats are shortly expected from the Conti nent, as the canal navigation in Holland has become free. Although the supply of English Wheat fresh up this morn ing was somewhat on the increase, compared with that re ceived on Monday last, it was extremely small, even for the time of year; and it proved quite adequate to the wants of the millers and others. The attendance of buyers being small, and alpressure of Foreign Wheats for sale being experienced, the demand for all kinds of Wheat of home produce was ex tremely heavy, at a decline in the quotations paid on Mon day last of from Is to 2s per quarter, and at which a total clearance was not effected. The general quality of the samples was much affected by the prevailing unfavourable weather. The quantity of Foreign Wheat on the stands was larger than for many weeks past. As most of the leading importers were anxious sellers, the dealers purchased with extreme caution. All kinds must be quoted from Is to 2s per quarter beneath the prices of this day se'nnight. Large samples might have been had even lower. With English Barley we were f a i r l y supp li e d , b ut t h e quan tity of foreign was somewhat limited. Melling samples were mostly held at full prices. Grinding and distilling sorts ruled is per he quarter lower, with a v e r y sma ll amoun t o f business doing. 1 supply of Malt was considerably in excess of the demand. To sell, lower rates must have been submitted to, but so few sales were concluded that in some instances the currencies were almost nominal. The arrivals of Oats from all quarters have continued on a limited scale since we last wrote, nevertheless the demand for that article was in a very inactive state. Fine sound Corn must be quoted at late rates. The middling and inferior earn= pies were quite 61 per quarter lower than last week. 'There was scarcely any demand for Beans, the prices of which must be considered the turn in favour of the buyers. All kinds of Peas were dull in the extreme ; in prices no actual change took place. Indian Corn and Meal com manded little or no attention. The best town-made Flour sold at last week's prices. Foreign qualities were offered at rather lower figures. CURRENCY PER IMPERIAL MEASURE. Wheat—Essex & Kent, Malt—Chevalier.. • • 59s to 608 Red. .... • • • • 40s to 4gs Oats—Yorkshire and Dltto,White, New 46s 55s Lincolnsh., Feod. 17s 21i Norfolk and Lin- Potato ...... .... 214 258 coin, Red..... 423 46s Youghal and Cork, Ditto, White• ••• • • 45s 50s 81ack....... 15s 20S Irish, Red..— .. ___, ___ m Cork, White ... .. 17s 21e Ditto, White.. ... • —s —s Scotch, Feed.-- 21s 253 Rye—Old •••••• • • • • • • —s —is B —Tick . Ora- eans—Tick ......... 26s 343 New. •••••• • • • • • • 28s 30s Pigeons ...... .... 36s 38$ Barley—Grinding..... 24s 26s Peas—Grey .....• •• • • 30s 335 Malting . .... •• 290 30s Maple . .....• .• .. 34s 355 Chevalier .... •.. 30s 32s White... —— • ... 28s 305 v. all --Suffolk and Nor- Boilers ... •••• •• 31s 355 folk ••••••• • •• • . 87s 58s Flour—Town-made... 39s 445 Brown .• ••••• • • • • 51s 52s Suffolk •.—.• • • • . 32s 35$ Kingstonand Ware 5Ss 59s Stocktn &Norfolk 31a 333 smxTurxmLu. Somewhat heavy imports of foreign Beasts and Calves have taken place into London since this day se'nnight ; but those of Sheep have been comparatively small. The mild nes, of the weather on the Continent - the naviga'ion of the principal ports having become entirely free in Holland— lervls us to the conclusion that, ❑otwithstanding the low pricc.s ruling here, we shall have increased supplies from abroad for some time, hence. Letters from Oporto state that about 400 Beasts have been purchased on English ac count. IMPORTS INTO LONDON. From Beasts. Rotterdam 323 Antwerp Ostend l6 htic•ep. Calvee. 77 ... 112 .. 70 Pigs. Harlingen ..... 239 Total 580 Corresponding ... 215 week hi 1843.: 200 ... 20 ... - r;ifference ... 540 more. 409 more. 195 more. 4 more On the whole, the supply of foreign beasts in to-day's mar ket was tolerably good; and there was a slight improve ment in its general quality. The number of Sheep from abroad was again limited, but that of Calves was seasonably extensive. Each kind of foreign stock met a very dull inquiry, and prices had a downward tendency, without ef fecting a clearance. There was a considerable increase in the supply of home-fed beasts on offer this morning, coin pared with that exhibited on this day se'nnight. A very small number was beneath the middle quality. Notwith standing the attendance of both town and country buyers was good, the Beef trade was exceedingly heavy, and to effect sales a decline of from 25 to, in some instances, 4d per 8 lbs was submitted to by the salesmen. The extreme quotation for the best Scots did not exceed 3s 10d per 8 lbs. At the close of the market several droves left unsold. The present value of live stock here will be best under stood, when we observe that this morning Beef was selling at from 4d to Bd, Mutton 4d to id, Veal 65 to Bd, and Pork 4d per 81bs beneath the prices obtained in the corresponding period in 1848. From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cam bridgeshire we received about 1,300 Scots and short horns; from the northern districts, 800 short horns ; from the western and midland counties, 900 Herefords, runts, Devons, &c. ; from other parts of England, 400 of various breeds; and from Scotland, 100 horned and polled Scots. We have to report the arrival of a full average number of Sheep—the return showing an increase in it of about 3,000 head—owing to which the Mutton trade was in a very dull state, at a fall in the currencies of quite 2d per 8 lbs. The primest old Downs sold from 4s 8d to 4s 10d per 8 lbs. We were well supplied with Calves. Prime small qualities of Veal moved off steadily, at full prices; in other kinds next to nothing was doing. Very little business was transacted in Pigs, at last week's prices. Per albs. to sink the offal. s. d. to s. d. Inferior Beasts..... 3 0 3 % s. d. to s. d. Second goal. Sheep II 8 4 2 Coarse-woolled ditto 4 4 4 6 Southdown Welber 4 4 10 Ditto out of the wool 0 0 0 0 Large Hogs Small Porkers .. 4 4 4 8 Quarter old Pigs l6 0 21 Lambs .....• • . 0 0 0 0 AT MARKET. Calves. I Pies. 54 In SUPPLY. Calves. I Pigs. 46 - acond quality C... ; 4 2 6 Prime large Oxen.. 3 6 3 8 prime Scots ; arge coarse Calves 310 4 4 Prime small ditto .. 4 6 4 10 tickling Calves ..18 0 24 0 Inferior Sheep • 3 4 3 6 I TOTAL SUPPLY I Sheep. 19,180 FOREIGN Beasts. Sheep. 358 520 Beata. 3,616 Dr 3B WO AT 23 AND LEODEATHA.LL. Considering the state of the weather experienced &nce our last, tke arrivals of country-killed meat for these markets have been tolerably good, viz., 180 carcasses of Beef, 800 ditto of Mutton, 380 ditto of Veal, and 3,600 ditto of Pork. The supplies on offer slaughtered in the metro polis have been but moderate; yet the general demand has ruled inactive ; at barely stationary prices. From Ham burgh three baskets of Meat have come to hand; and about 200 carcasses of foreign Meat, killed in London, have been disposed of. At per stone by the Carcase. 8.11. to e. d. I 8. d. to a. d• tef,inferlor•• •• •• 2 4 2 6 Mutton, inferior .. 2 8 210 - middling .. 2 8 210 middling.. 3 2 310 primelarge .. 3 0 3 To , - prime small 3 4 3 6 Fork, large.... 3 2 3 S •.•• • • 3 11 4 8 - small •• •. 310 4 6 BOROUGH AND SPITALPIELDS. These markets continue to be very scantily supplied with home grown Potatoes—the quality of which is by no means good ; but the foreign supplies are again on the increase. Since Monday last we have received at the waterside 580 bags from Rotterdam ; 32 tons from Calais ; 82 ditto from Dunkirk; 250 bags from Antwerp; 246 sacks from Havre; 393 tons from Ostend ; ,428 tons from Rouen ;- 75 baskets from Oporto; 200 tons from Dieppe; and 35 ditto from Gravelins. This somewhat heavy supply has produced a dulness in our markets. The best samples are mostly held at full prices, but most 6ther kinds are lower to purchase. Yorkshire Regents, 100 s to 150 s per ton; Newcastle, 80s to 110 s; Scotch, 1003 to 130 s; ditto Cups, 90s to 100 s; French Whites, 90s to 105 s; Dutch do., 85s to 100 s; Belgian do., 803 to 95a per ton acouotion HOP 1 1 / 2 1.RIZET. The supply of most kinds of Hops pressed for sale being somewhat on the increase, the general demand is in a very inactive state, and last week's pi ices are with difficulty sup ported, notwithstanding the brewers almost generally hold light stocks. Sussex pockets, 21 4s to 21 18s ; Weald of Kent ditto, 21 lOs to 3/ 6s ; Mid and East Kent ditto, 34 3s to 6/. per cwt. WOOL. It is , we conceive, no longer a question whether the price of English Wool will be shortly enhanced. The public salas of colonial, at which 22,000 bales will be offered, have been largely attended in the past week. The whole of the samples yet brought to the hammer (about 4,500 bales) have sold briskly at an advance upon the quotations paid at the pre' ceding auctions of from lid. to quite 2d. per lb. As the stocks in the manufacturing districts have been reduced to a very low ebb, and as the manufacturers themselves have large orders on hand, and which it is somewhat difficult to execute in the given time, we should not be surprised to hear of a further improvement in the value of the finest staples• Privately, the market is firm, at hi g h er pr i ces. Th e Im ports since Monday last have consisted of 20 bales from the Cape, 28 ditto from Spain, 30 ditto f rom O s t en d, 128 ditto from Hamburg, 00 ditto from Sydney, 36 ditto from Buenos Ayres, and 100 ditto from Odessa. TALLOW. After some extensive fluctuations, arising from the heavy stock, our market has greatly recovered itself since Monday last. Although the deliveries during the past week have not exceeded 2,067 casks, the price of P.Y.C. on the spot to-day has advanced to 40s 9d and 41s, being 2s per cwt higher than on the above day. For delivery of new Tallow in the last three months 42s 3d is demanded. Town Tallow is 41s 6d per cwt nett cash ; Rough Fat 2s 3icl per 81b. Advices from St. Petersburgh, to the 91st January, state that the Tallow trade was fiat, at from 124 to 130 roubles for Ukraine deliverable in June. A few parcels of common Tallow had sold at 116 to 117 roubles. InsoINERT MEMBERS. —The Bill brought forward by Mr. Moffatt, to provide for the recovery of debts from persons having privilege of Parliament, and for the exclusion of insolvent Members from the House of Com mons, was issued on Saturday. It is to be read a second time on Wednesday. There are ten clauses in the Bill 0f a similar character to the provisions contained in the Bill of last session. The preainble declares it to be ex pedient that the privilege of Parliament should not be tiecl to protect persons unwilling to satisfy their just debts from the claims of their creditors. By this mo t " sure it is propthed to give p,,wer to a creditor who brig a judgment to apply to the court out or which it issued to tiz a day for in,) nun`, soil], in default of payment, to enable the cri ditor to get a vesting order trom the In -8 lso•nt Debtors' Com t. and after six months the election f the Member to b e (I, , iart-i - t voi.t, and another member t , be elected. W i•ere ad the erg itors are paid and satis fied within six months, the p ivilege of the party is to bra retained. LIEUTENANT- GENERAL BARON SWIN BUR/4E,--. Bret to learn that letters have been received frt.'''. (3crt,-;;.,,y, announcing the death of the above Gall" Tit Boon, last surviving brother of Sir John SA inburne, who died at Innspruck at the close of last month, in Lb° 82,1 Yr'ar of his age. He was Chamberlain for nollY ears to the ex-Eoii,eror of Au4tria, and was create!' 5 Knight of the Order of Maria Theresa, in consideration of his military services.