The Sun. — London, England, 1855-11-09 00:00:00

JIILLIE_N'S CONCERTS. ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. —Fifth appear ance of Madame Gassier.—The Programme for Ta is EVENING (Friday, Nov. 9) will include :—Beethoven's Overture, Egmont; L'Etoile du Nord Quadrille ; the Andante from Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony; " Ah non Giunge," and "Una Voce," sung by Madame Gassier; the Allegro Vivace from Mendelssohn's Scotch Symphony; M. Jullien's gew Valse, La Belle du Village ; Solo, Cornet a Pistons, " The Exile's Lament," by Herr Koenig ; the British Army Quadrille, assisted by the Military Bands; Grand Operatic Selection from Les llnguenots ; Solo, Flute, by Herr Reichart ; the Andante from Roch Albert's Swiss Symphony ; the Moldavian Schotische ; Solo, Trom bone, by Mr. Winterbottom ; Galop, Vive l'Erepereur ; God Save the Queen ; Partant pour la Syrie, Bcc. Prices of admission :—Promenade, upper boxes, amphitheatre stalls and amphitheatre, is.; dress circle, 2 s. 6 d, ; private boxes, 125., 11. Is., and It. lls. 6d. Places and private boxes to be bad at the box-office of the theatre, and of the principal musicsellers and librarians. N.B.—The theatre being let at Christmas for dramatic performances, the Concerts can continue for one month mere only. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under the Management of Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, win be performed GUT MANNERING. Characters by Messrs. Viners, Compton, and Howe; and Miss Swanborough and Miss Cushman. Followed by THE LITTLE TREASURE. To conclude with LODGINGS FOR SINGLE GENTLEMEN. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. rnler the Management of Mr. CLEASLZB KEAX. THIS EVENING Wri He nresentg4 THE WONDERFUL WONIA.N. Characters by Messrs F. Matthews, D. Fisher, Cathcart, Everett, and Miss Heath. After which, THE HEIR AT LAW. To conclude with A GAME OF ROMPS THEATRE ROYAL ADELPBI. • Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, Will be performe 1 THE WHITE lIDII E OF THE PEPPERS. Gera] 1 Pepp r, Mr. Hudson ; supported by Messrs. Moreland, P. Bedford. Phellm, Miss Kate Kelly; Magdelene, Miss. Laidlaw ; .Agatha, Miss Wyndham. Follewed by VALENTINE AND ORSON". After which, the Farce of THE 103 N )TE. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. J. H. Ander3on,lB, Norfolk-street, Strand. Increased Attractions, and success in equal ratio TFIIS, AND EVEItY EVZI , TING, at Eight o'Clock, Will presented, with entirely New and Magnificent Appoint nn;-i'.l, MAGIC and MYSTERY, in twelve acts, arranged in two p trts, by Professor Anderson. After which, the startlin? illustrations of Spirit-Rapping. HALF ;7II.'d T,IS SPIRY?, being the most surprising and at,r,itifig series of experiments ever given within the walls of any theatre. Revival, in an improved form, of thP, astounding novelty Which startled London 10 years ago, the GREAT GUN TRICK ! Pri L. ; d tilt'. of almlssion:—Private Poxes, H. Ils. 6cl. and I/. Is. ; Atra : Dross Boxes, 35.; Upper ISozes, 23.; Pit, Gallery, 6.1. No Ilalf-price. 1.1..)x-o111 , :e open from 11 to 5 Grand 'Nforninz Perfor !lance on Saturday Next at Two o'Clock Door open at llalf-past One. E)YAL OLYIIPT.O THEATRE. TFIIB EVENING. - Will he presented, TO OE BENSON', in which Messrs. Eatery, F. Robson, Leslie, Mrs. Stirling, and Miss Tertian. will appear. After which, STILL WATER I RUN DEEP. Followed 1:y CATCHING A 3IERNIAID. noYAL TIIMATX&. Under the direction of Mr. Payne. THIS EVENING, Will ba po:f,)rinel TIIE DAGPICKEit OF PARISI, Fo!lowed by NI TOCRIS. To conclude •xitli TIII LADIES' CLUB. ASTLEY'S ROYAL A3fPIrITHEATRE. Lessee and Mana:cer, Mr. Wm. Cooke. THIS EVENING, The vivid and tremendously real Spectacle, The FALL of SEBAS TOPOL ! After wiech the JEUX EQUESTRES DE L'ARENE, or Acts in the Circl,, with that m:raculous :eat, Mr. J. li. Cooke's Sant du Pont, or Flight of the Bridges. To conclude with a B Ar,LET D'A.CTION', with a variety of Prin- Ci;al and other Dances, artistes of celebrity. ripen from F.leven till Fonr. State Manager, Mr. W. F,qulstrlan Director, M,. W. Cooke, jun. WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T iig DAY—Moru. 27 min. aft. I—Evening 41 mitt. aft. 1 T .)-310111.10W—Morn.58 min.aft. I.—Eveningl6 min. aft. 2 THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, Nov. 9. TIIER 310 NETER, IN TIIE SUADE. 53 —hlghest since noon yesterday. 43 --!elcst this morning end during the night. 52 —this day at peon. BA:ROMER, 29•86. S.S.E.—Light, with variable weather, but very find for a Lord Mayor's Day ; fog in the morning, sunshine and cloud:., and some slight rain. • ; I LONDON, FRIDAY. NOVEMBER 9, 1855. Another Royal visit will speedily be paid to England ! Not one of mere ceremony to which the people would feel perfectly indifferent. Not a COBOURG Cousin or a princely suitor for one of the infantine daughters of our SOVEREIGN, but a Constitutional Monarch who has merited the highest eulogiums for his disinterested and mag nanimious conduct in reference to the pending War. It is scarcely necessary to say that VICTOR EMANUEL will receive a cordial and enthusiastic reception. He comes not under the veil of mys tery to amuse himself—or to promote any merely private objects. He appears rather as the repre sentative of a high-minded people, the incarna tion of a glorious principle. We hail not merely the SOVEREIGN who has exhibited a chivalrous nobility of conduct, but the People of Sardinia, who are as worthy of such a ruler as he is of such subjects, whose brethren have fought side by side with the soldiers of France and Eng land, and proved themselves brave and worthy coadjutors. None can claim a higher meed of praise than that so modestly claimed by the Sar dinian General. His untried soldiers were tested with the veterans of the Western Powers. They showed themselves fitting associates—passed through the ordeal of fire and steel, and received a sanguinary baptism as champions of liberty and civilisation. In honouring KingVICTOR EMANUEL we honour these distinguished heroes —we honour ourselves —by exhibiting the faculty of " appreciation," one of no ordinary importance under circumstances suc h as those in which wo aro now involved. h ear ty cheer be s t owe d on the King Every honest, of SARDINIA will be an unequivocal condemnation of the selfish and heartless conduct of those en whom we had far greater claims. Austria will feel intensely every plaudit bestowed on the Sove reign with whom she has been striving to pi c k a quarrel, because his honourable conduct placed that which she deliberately adopted in so invidious a light. Prussia will recognise, in every mark of approbation, a distinct sibilation of the paltry cours' which she has pursued. But the parallel would more closely apply to Belgium King LEOPOLD would necessarily feel the painful com parison. Sardinia owed nothing to England. laricToß EMANUEL is not her pensioner, and does not owe his position in any degree to her in fluence. He was in every respect an indepen dent Monarch, one that could give a fair un biassed judgment on mattersof European concern, affecting the welfare and prosperity of the civilised world. The ace • eatnon of Belgium to the allied cause might have been imputed partly to her geographical position, and with y to the close con nection of her Sovereign h th e English Court. Tho good-will and friendship of France should ma inly be looked t o by Belgium as VICTORIA should b e that of Queen Bought for by King LEOPOLD. On the other h an d , there are neither political or personal ties to connect us with Sardinia. She has been perfectly disinterested has followed the course of honour, merely for the sake of honour. There is, therefore, the greater reason that wo should pay to her chivalrous Sove: reign, as the representative of her magnanimous People, the tribute which he and they have so justly merited at our hands. It cannot be denied that the burdens of war are sufficiently onerous without any additiona and unne"s'sarY annoyance being inflicted in the mo de of their collection. The people bear them bravely, and although they may naturally grumble at th e increased taxation, pcompani e d as it i s b y a generai rise in the pri ce of all the articles if daily consumption, whether of necessity or luxury, they never have hesitated for a single moment in meeting their share of the War expenditure. But, under all the circumstances of the case, it is not too much to ask, that the parties appointed to col lect the fiscal charges should exhibit some degree of kindness and indulgence in the execution of their unpleasant duty, and that no harsh regula tions should be framed to render the payments more vexatious or oppressive than they have hitherto been. We have recently received complaints as to the unusual stringency exhibited in the collection of the QUEEN'S Taxes in certain dis tricts. It was, we believe, invariably the practice when these fiscal liabilities were in arrear to give a written notice to the debtor, stating that his name had been returned to the Commissioners, and that proceedings would be taken to enforce payment, unless the claim was satisfied by a certain day. That ordinary courtesy has now been withdrawn, and the first intimation afforded to the debtor is the appearance of a broker, attended by a man to leave in possession if the demand be not liquidated at the moment. The time selected is during the absence of the head of the house, so that great vexation, annoy ance, and expense is entailed on the parties if the money be not immediately forthcoming ; and even under the most favourable circumstances, when the charge is at once paid, a broker's fee is insisted on. The excuse for this very summary, and, we must add, very harsh proceeding is, that the letters of application were not duly attended to. We trust that the Commissioners of Inland Revenue may remove this very serious grievance, which, if persisted in, may possibly attract legis lative attention at no very distant day. We have repeatedly pointed out the un questionable advantages of direct taxation, and have demonstrated that the cost of col lection is thereby greatly diminished, and that a much smaller sum is thereby extracted from the pockets of the eventual payers. But if the parties acting on behalf of the Exchequer exhibit so complete a disregard to the interests and feelings of the tax-payers—if they strive to disgust them, and to aggravate the necessary an noyance by additional costs, the prospects of fiscal reform will be greatly deteriorated. These matters may seem of trifling importance to the wealthy legislator who, like Sir JOSEPH BOWLEY, has hii cheque-book at hand to satisfy every claim on the first application ; but thereare others in the posi tion of TROTTY VECK, wbo are obliged to look to every sixpence, and to exercise considerable management in meeting the various claims on their scanty resources, who must be a little behindhand, notwithstanding indefatigable exer tions and the most stringent economy. Unfor tunately this class constitutes an overwhelming majority, and some attention must be paid to their feelings and impressions, by the more for tunately circumstanced minority who have to decide on the ways and means by which the na tional Exchequer is to be replenished. It is the " last straw" that breaks the camel's back. The trifling addition of the broker's fee may drive men to desperation, and induce them to prey upon the community, in place of being numbered amongst the good citizens—the crea tors and producers of national wealth. There can be no question that to our parochial and municipal systems our greatness as a nation is largely owing. A people accustomed to the ad ministration of their local affairs oppose an irre sistible barrier to the advent of despotic sway. Initiated into the mystery of government on a small scale, they are enabled to form a pretty correct notion of what is right or wrong in the conduct of public affairs, and acquire that confi dence in their own judgment, and that spirit of independence necessary for successful resistance to the insidious or open encroachments of power. In every parish and borough the system of self-go vernment has in effect established and maintained a nursery of Liberty, and with the growth of freedom the spirit of enterprise has found its best development, and conduced most largely to the moral and material welfare of the community. No wonder that a people so much indebted to the principle of self-government should be jealous of its infringement, and regard with uneasiness all approaches to centralisation. Unfortunately, the best arguments for centrali sation have been furnished by the people them selves. Neglectful of the pearl beyond all price in their possession, they have done much thereby towards bringing it into disrepute. Instead of committing the management of their affairs to men of probity and intelligence, they have suffered it in too many instances --and for too long a period —to fall into the hands of unprincipled adven. turers and ignorant tools ; and this has been more especially the case with regard to the parochial system where bad management was sure to be pro ductive of the mostdisastrous consequences. What the actual results have been, those acquainted with parochial history can best tell but it is no exag geration to say that they have by no means fallen short, but on the contrary have far surpassed any estimate that could have been predicated respecting them. The most rascally jobbery and peculation, and the most villanous inhumanity, have gone hand in hand. The smoke of the official feast, towards the cost of which the pockets of the rate payers had to contribute, has gone up with the shriek of the bestialised lunatic, the sigh of the half-starved and neglected pauper, and the moan of enfeebled and unfriended youth and age, as a sa crifice to th e parochial Moloch. Instead of .the humanityolae th of e tLegislatz in eco b n u tr t ib to u o tin m g an t y o t i h n e . stances it exposed them to new indignities and more acute suffering. The BUMBLES, the w or kh ouse p o rters and nurses, waxed fat under the dominion of overseers and guardians, wh ose merits could be best recognised on the treadmill. Of course there were degrees of mismanagement, all were not alike. At every board good men and true were to be found, but in the history of few parishes will there not be discovered abundant cause of the ratepayers, th e y naturally complaint. As for murmured at the extravagant taxation to w hi ch they were subjected, but the individual s W h o ought to have stepped forward to their rescu © were deterred by the knowledge of the sort of o p. position with which they would have to contend. It is not pleasant to enter the l ists in a bear garden, or to argue amo n g riotous d r unkards, but it is always i ncum b en t on a man to do his duty. To what extent th e p ar i s h es o f the Metropolis have been misgoverned and the ratepayers robbed it is not necessary, were it possible, to describe with any minuteness. Perhaps nowhere has the farce of knavish impudence gone further, or the capacity to be swindled been more largely de veloped, and, so far as humanity is concerned, the less, perhaps, that is said the better. It will not be with the decease of the existing generation of the poor that the memory of the cruelty shown to paupers, young and old, will die out, nor is the remembrance of official pom posity and insolence likely to cease much sooner. Other matters, spiced not a little with the farcical, stand a good chance of equal preser vation. These things should be so far useful, however, as to furnish a lesson. The ratepayers, 7f bile congratulating themselves on the prospect of such a state of things being fur ever done away, should take into consideration how it came to pass. The knaves who thrived under it were in some sort their representatives. To their want of moral courage these evils were mainly owing ; for had they and their fathers before them done their duty, prevention would have stood in the place of cure. Had they returned proper men to the vestry, or ' even confronted, as they ought to have done, the knavish adventurers who got there, there would have been fewer dupes and infinitely less mis chief. In vain is it to have good institutions unless you have men honest and courageous enough to work them, and unless the ratepayers take care and avoid the old error, the great boon they have received at the hands of Sir BENJAMIN HALL will prove comparatively valueless. The day of election of vestrymen for the respective parishes of the metropolis is at band. On Monday next the ratepayers have a most important duty to discharge. The principle of self-government has been somewhat under a cloud—it is theirs, in a great measure, to remove that cloud, and show forth its resplendent worth. The poor have had grievous cause for complaint—it will depend on their choice whether or no it shall be renewed. The office of vestry man has become more than ever important, for, with a solitary exception, the members of the General Board of Works (entrusted with the most responsible duties) are to be selected from the District Boards. We call upon them, therefore, to elect none but intelligent and trustworthy men to the office, and not to be deceived with professions of repentance or promises of good con duct by those whose connection with past mis management has justly been the cause of re proach. Two years (and what years !) will elapse before there is another election. THE PROSPECTS OF THE WAR IN THE CRIMEA. THE SUN, LONDON, FRI DAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 9, 1855 LATEST NE WS. THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA. BERLIN, TIIIIRSDAIC EVENIN G. The Emperor of Russia has returned from Nicolaieff, direct to St. Petersiburg, without visiting Warsaw. THE RUSSIAN CONSCRIPTION. ST. PETERSBURG, THURSDAY. The Emperor has issued special instructions re lative to the new conscription. The commissioners are directed to take recruits between the ages of twenty and thirty-six, and are to swell the num bers as much as possible. The Czar is expected to return to-morrow. BERLIN, FRIDAY MORNING. The Russian Government has issued special in structions to its officials, ordering as many new recruits to be raised as possible, and of all ages from 20 to 36. A FRENCH CAMP ON THE DANUBE. The Austrian Gazette states authoritatively that a French camp of 50,000 men will bo formed at Silistria. Large quantities of provisions and building ma terials are collected on the spot. TRIESTE, Nov. 8. Accounts from Constantinople of the 29th ult. state that winter quarters were being prepared in that city for a numerous body of cavalry. TREBIZONDE, OCT. 20. The Russians have marched 12,000 men from Kars on Ardelman. Selim Pacha is appointed Commandant of Kars. The Duke of Newcastle has arrived in Circassia. Omer Pacha, who left Batoum with 22 bat- talions, may penetrate as far as Tiflis before winter. Georgia is now only occupied by 10,000 Rus- Bros. OPERATIONS ON THE DNIEPER. The following telegraphic despatch has been sent from Nicolaieff to St. Petersburg, by order of the Emperor : NICOLAIEFF, OCT. 29, 9.40 P. M. The number of the enemy's vessels moored near the Spit of Kinbourn is still diminishing ; to-day there are not more than 60 left. The ships that were stationed near Ochakoff, and a little higher up, have moved nearer to the shore at Kinbourn, and continue to take on board troops. A ship-of-the-line and two transports, the latter having completed the embarkation of men, have weighed anchor and put to sea. The number of tents on the Spit of Kinbourn is also leis than before. There are two steamers and five gun-boats off Cape Stanislaff, in the embouchure of the Boug. The main body of the fleet has not changed its TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—The new ukase of the Czar, ordering a levy of 10 in every 1,000 souls throughout the empire, with the ex• ceptions of the governments of Pskoff, Poltawa, Tscherni goff, Checkoff, Ekaterinoslaff, Kherson, and Taurida, has given rise to a good deal of speculation on th e con ti nen t, and it seems that some politicans incline to the belief that this vigorous proceeding is intended as a blind to cover a pacific policy. I trust this opinion, whoever may share it, will not in duce the Government to relax for a moment preparations for an active campaign next year. The chances of an honourable and secure peace will not be diminished by a complete preparation for war; and that the enemy is not likely to offer such a peace without hazarding at least ono more issue will, I think, appear probable from the following considerations : Only W, few days before the general ukase referred to notice of another appeared in the papers, ordering a levy of no less than 23 in a thousand in the two governments of Orenburg and Samara. This partial cons2rip tion has not elicited any comment, so far as I have seen, in either English or foreign journals. It is not the less important for that. The inhabitants of the governments in question (which lie on the eastern side of the Wolga) consist almost exclusively of free Imperial peasants (in many cases military colonists), or of Tartars, Ural Cossacks, Calmucks, and other semi -barbarous, and in some instances pagan, hordes. Every man drawn thence will, from his previous habits of life, be a ready made soldier for the duties of light cavalry—one ac customed to endure the most violent alternations of heat and cold—for this country has the winter of Lapland and the summer of Egypt—able and willing to live on carrion, and mounted on a horse which, with no better food than the weeds of the steppe, and no other shelter than the vault of heaven, will carry his rider awross deep and broad rivers, parched deserts, or rugged mountains, in a way which no animals of Western Europe can pretend to match. _ _ The joint population of Orenburg and Samara amounted in 1851 (the year in which the new distribution of govern ments was made) to 2,861,800 of both sexes. The pro posed levy, after making all allowances, would bring not less than 30,000 men to the depot, all or most of them ready to act in the field, with scarcely any additional training. The question, of course, occurs—whence are the infantry to come who are destined to act together with this cavalry ? Obviously not from the new levies. These could not be brought to the south e.rly enough in the spring, to say nothing of their untrained condition. My conjecture is, that the present winter will be rendered available for moving, by means of sledge-transport, seasoned soldiers from all that part of the empire which lies north of Tonic and Pensa, and bringing them to such points on the Wolga as to enable them to descend its stream, the great highway of Russia, immediately on the resumption of the naviga tion. If this plan has really been entertained by the Russian Government, there are not wanting reasons for believing that ever since the end of September steps have been tak ing to carry it out. In a letter of the date of October 9, your correspondent in the Baltic fleet had the following paragraph :—" We hear from Revel that the Russian Government has seized all the horses along the northern coasts, for the purpose of conveying provisions to the Crimea." (It will be observed that at the time of this proceeding the Czar was aware of the fall of the south side of Sebastopol.) Soon afterwards a letter from Hamburg (of the date of October 16), in the Independance Beige, informed us, "that the latest com mercial letters from Courland mentioned that the entire Baltic coast of that province, from Polangen to Windau, had been ovacuated by the Russian troops on the approach of the bad season,"—i. e., as soon as the natural defence of winter rendered their presence superfluous, and enabled them to be made available elsewhere. It seems not un reasonable to suppose that two such strong contempo raneous) efforts, made, the one in the north, the other in the south of the empire, are intended to be combined for one oommon purpose, and no other appears so likely as a fresh attempt to retain, although necessarily at an enor mous cost of life, the military possession of the Crimea. The problem to be solved appears to me to be only a question of transport, although on the most gigantic scale. It is required to convey men, stores, and munitions of war to an enormous amount, so far south during the win ter as to be able on the opening of spring to pour a con tinuous stream of troops into the peninsula, cf sufficient strength to overwhelm the Allied forces. When the frost has once set in, and the snow fallen and har dened, the means of communication in Russia are for a considerable distance southwards actually improved ; and, if the question were merely of stores and material of war, there would be little difficulty in conveying them to any part of the Wolga between Nijni-Novgorod and Zaratzin, or of the Don between Voroneje and Kascha linkaia, in the course of the next four months. With men, however, the case is different. They, even when Russians, require not only food, but also clothing, fuel, and shelter, if they are to be available for field service when the inclement season comes to an end : and this circumstance of itself im poses a limit on the choice of their location during the winter. Now, there is, perhaps,no moreremarkable characteristic of Southern Russia than the extreme scarcity of fuel. I be lieve I am literally correct in saying that in the valley of the Wolga, south of Saratoff, firewood of home growth is a thing unknown. What is used comes down the river from the north, and at a very considerable expense ; but the common substitute throughout the whole steppe coun try is a kind of artificial peat (called by the Germans " mi• ttorf,") composed of consolidated farmyard manure, the use of which the Southern Russians learnt from their Tartar neighbours. It seems unlikely, therefore, that many troops moved from the north should, under whatever facilities of sledge transport, be brought into a region where the supply of fuel is strikingly insufficient during the severe season—that is, that they should be ad vanced much further to the south than Saratoff on the Wolga, or Voronejo on the Don. Whatever resources exist south of these points can scarcely be more tkan sufficient to meet the winter wants of the bodies of troops which are at the present moment in the north of the Crimea, or on the mainland between Genitchi and Izioum. If, however, Saratoff and Voroneje may be assumed as the nearest pehits to the theatre of war at which any con siderable portions of the northern army can be assembled during the winter, it it equally'probable that:no p ar t what ever need find itself further off than Nijni-Novgorod at the moment that the frost breaks up. In that town as well as in Kasen and Samara, ample stores of fuel and fur clothing, as well as food and shelter would be available; and from the same points there would likewise be means of water transport as far as Rostoff to any extent required. Our possession of the Sea of Azoff wonld, of course, neces sitate a land march for the remainder of the way. I will only add that the transit from Nijni-Novgorod to Rostoff would, to the best of my judgment, occupy not more than 60 days ; and if the voyage were continued during moon light nights, possibly much less.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, Nov. 7. A HERTFORDSHIRE INCUMBENT. The Ilaytien Minister had an interview with the Earl of Clarendon, yesterday, at the Foreign-office. SOUTHWARK ELECTlON.—Yesterday the walls of the Town -hall were placarded with bills asking the electors "to vote for the Hon. W. Knox, the reformer of all abuses, on Conservative principles." The bills added that Mr. Knox would solicit the votes of the electors in person ; but as we could not learn that any such person had made his appearance in the borough, it is probably a mere electioneering hoax. REPRESEN T ATION of M EATH .—A new can did ate has appeared in Meath. The reverend gentlemen who have the representation of the county in their hands are not satisfied with any one of the three already introduced as aspirants for the seat vacant by the death of Mr. Lucas. The new candidate is Mr. Wm. Jobn O'Connell, of Limerick, pretty well known in London and elsewhere as Lord Kilmallock._ A o ll 'e n lo C ck o , a fire broke to Messrs. Bryan, 's.—Yester - army contractors, situate FIRE AT MESSRS. BRYAN, P R/ day morning, between four and five byengines were the m factorystrenuous out on the extensive premises belonging g A serious reaching The portion of the Price, and Co., the well-known in Dacre-street, Westininster. Nu of arm' and, D aly on the spot, and the flames were s or damage x an my e r ao t igfoen the s w , ass u, rI. oouw preventednedvi from :rg, ps rue :a r t e ai a isn c e amount of premises destroyed served as workshops and stores it is understood, contained a large quantity coutrements. Mr. Braidwood, in his official rep y o no t" states :—"An eight-roomed building used as workshorp; and stores, about two-thirds destroyed. Lem covered by insurance iu the Anchor•office." position. Prince Gortschakoff has transmitted. to St. Petersburg the following despatch from the Crim©a ; OCT. 29, 9 P.M. The enemy's force kept its position at the village of Saki during the past night, but at 8 this morning it has again moved to Eupatoria. Our outposts have taken their former positions. Nothing remarkable has occurred on any other point. THE MEDITERRANEAN. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY MORNING. By the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-Phip Ava, Captain Field, with the India, China, and Mediterranean mails, we have dates from Alexandria, October 25th ; Malta, 29th ; Gibraltar, November 4th. The Ava brings 70 passengers, and a cargo con sisting of silk, flax, wool, dates, &e. On the 2d inst. the Ava:passed the screw steamer Melbourne, 350 miles to the eastward of Gibraltar. On the 4th passed the steam-trans port Orinoco in the Gut of Gibraltar. NICOLAIEFF. According to the Ost Deutsche Post and °ester reichische Zeitung, of the 27th, Todleben is said to be working wonders at Nicolaieff. Below Spasska, where the Boug is 600 saschen or fathoms broad, the new gun-boats, which will be manned by the remainder of the crows of the former Black Sea fleot, are to be stationed. The demonstrations of joy with which these veterans were met by the population of Nicolaieff is said to have been indescribable. The Emperor made them an address in person, which concluded with the words—" Through your agency Sebasto pol was made to be what it was, the graveyard of the blood of Europe's mightiest armies, and the terror of all our enemies ! Exhibit to the world that your presence alone is sufficient to convert a little fishing village into a second Sebas topol !" " Thine, we are thine till death I" was the reply of the stout Russian seamen, who accom panied their monarch with repeated hurrahs up to the gate of his Imperial residence. The two banks of the river will be defended by forts and redoubts. The inhabitants of Nicolaieff have been informed that, as an attack on the city was not beyond the bounds of probability, they might, if they pleased, retire into the interior. Three-fourths of the people have emigrated, and things are not better at Kherson. It is related that all the batteries at Odessa are to be disarm e d, an d the guns sent to Nicolaieff. Mouravieff is said to be retiring to the Russian frontiers. M a d ame Sechanovitch, the wife of the ex-Commande r o f Kinbourn, has gone with her children to share the captivity of her husband. ODESSA. OCT. 27.—General Luders has broken up his headquarters at Alcschki, and marched with a division of Grenadiers, and four regiments of cavalry, to defend the line of road between Kin_ bourn and Kherson. The first division of the Guards has at length arrived at Perekop and joined the corps of Gre nadiers quartered there. The presence of these crack troops has tended to relieve any fears of a successful attack on the Isthmus of Perekop on the part of the enemy. Within the last few days four of the enemy's steamers have attempted to ao up the Bong, but after proceeding a distance of 20 versts, the fire of the batteries erected on the banks compelled them to retreat. The population of Nicolaieff and Kherson are seized with a panic, anticipating an immediate attack from the enemy, which might be accompanied by the most fatal results, as the defences, though carried on with great energy night and day, are far from being completed. Accounts received here from the Caspian Sea state that great energy was displayed in fitting out a squadron of war-steamers. Two of them, each of 160 horse-power, had been named the Astrachan and the Derbent. They are each armed with ten guns of heavy calibre. Two smaller steamers, the Astora, of 60 horse power, and the Buriak of 40- horse power, were also equipped and armed, besides which a couple of schooners had been fitted out, and christened the Cossack and the Turko man. AUSTRIA. The usual monthly statement of the Austrian National Bank for last month has just appeared. Its details aro worthy of notice. The bullion in hand amounted, on the 31st ult., to 48,013,198 florins (at the end of September it was 47,999,671 florins). The amount of notes in circulation is stated at 392,331,023 florins (at the end of September it was 393,220,226 florins). The amount of bills dis counted is stated at 83,263,413 florins (in the previous month it was 80,998,551 florins). The advances made on Government stock amount to 59,317,200 florins (in the preceding month they amounted to 78,719,400 florins). The balance of the Government debt, accruing from the last con version of State notes, which has still to be paid off by the instalments on the National Loan, amounts to 41,821,575 florins, and the- further Government debt, for the better security of which the State domains were mortgaged to the Bank, in virtue of the agreement of the 18th of last month, amounts to 155 millions of florins. The 12th instalment on the National Loan is due on the 6th inst. FRANCE. PARIS, THURSDAY EVENING. M. Lacour, French Ambassador at Naples, is recalled. M. Brennier takes his place. The following is a list of gold medals awarded by the International Jury : Class 1.-IVledaille d'Honneur—Geological Survey of Great Britain. Class 2.—Medailles d'Hooneur—Canada, McArthur (New South Wales), British Guiana. Class 3.—Medailles d'Honneur—Crosskill, W., Gar rett, R., Hornsby, R., and Son, Howard, T. and F., Ransomes and Sims. Clan 4.—Medaille3 d'Honneur Todd and Mac- Gregor. Class 6.—Grande Medaille d'Honneur—Whitwortb, J., and Co. Medaille d'Honneur—Ulayton, H. Class 7.—Grande Medaille d'Honneur—Platt, B. S. Medaille d'Honneur—Parker, Ch. (Dundee). Class 8.--Medailles d'Honneur—Frodsham, C., Ord nance Map Office. Class 9.—Grande Medaille d'lTonneur—Elkington and Mason. Class 10.- - Medaille d'Honneur—Oastler and Palmer, Tennant and Co., Price's Patent Candle Company, Burile, J., Kay, Robert. Class 11.— Grande Medaille d'Honneur—Dr. N. Ar nott. Class 13.—Grande Medaille d'Honneur—Napier, Ro bert. Class 14.—Grande Medaille d'Honneur—Stephenson, R., M.P., Rendel, J. Class 15.—Grande Medaille d'Honneur—The town of Sheffield. Medallic d'Honneur—Spear and Jackson, Turton and Sons, Wastenhoim, G. Class 17.—Medailles d'Honneur—Hunt and Roskell, Hancock, C. F., Garrard, R. and S. Vechti (France). Class 18.—Grande Medallic d'Honneur—Minton and Co. Class 19.—Grandes Medailles d'Honneur —The Man- chester Committee, the City of Glasgow. Medai/le d'Honneur—Holdsworth and Co. Class 20.—Grande Medaille d'Honneur—Titus Salt and Co. Medailles d'Honneur--Panson and Martin (Leeds), Akroyd,J,, and Son (Halifax). Class 21.—Meclaille d'Honnimr—Co"urtauld and Co. Class 22.—Grande Medallic d'Flonneur—The Town of Belfast ; Medaille d'Honneur—Baxter (Arbroath). Class 23.—Melaille d'Honneur —Crossley and Co., Ball and Co., Hine, Mundell, and Co. ; the Town of Nottingham. Class 24.—Medaille d'llonneur—Jackson and Gra ham ; Hooie H. (Sheffield). Class 25.—Grando Medallic d'Honneur—Th. De larue. Class 26.—Medaille d'Honneur—Lockett, Manchester. The unclassified medals are— Grandes Medailles d'Honneur—East India Company ; Dr. Royle, co-operateur. Maclaine d'Honneur—Board of Trade. THE BOURSE—Nov. 8. Cash. ft. e. End of Month. 41 per Cents 5O —f. - -c. 3 per Cents 64 65 61 75 New Loan 65 Bank Shares 3195 Roman Credit Mobilier 1165 Austrian Belgian Fives — Spanish Threes — Piedmontese B5 75 Homo Debt 34 RAILWA YS-ROB CASH. fr. C. C. Or?eans ... Northern ... 872 50 Strasburg ad 885 Lyons ...... 11.26 25 New Ditto ...... .. ad 751 25 Mediterranean 1217 50 Grand Central 582 50 Lyons Geneva 667 50 Teste Uette 663 75 Austrian Com. 705 25 LAW INTELLIGENCE—(This Day.) QUEEN'S BENCH. (Sittings in Banco.) KENT V. GOATS. This was an appeal from the City of London Sheriffs' Court, relative to an alleged breach of a written con tract for the purchase of 15 tons of best refined rape oil. Their lordships said judgment must be for the re. spondent, the plaintiff in the original action. FORBES V. ELDERFIELD. This was a special case. The actio* was brought for the recovery of half-a-year's rent of a farth called Dig well, in Hampshire ; but the real question in issue was with reference to 371. 9s. 93., rent charge in lieu of tithes. The question turned upon the, terms of the lease, and was of no general interest. COURT OF EXCHEQUER. (Sittings in Banco.) 31ORGAN V. LORD CLINTON. Mr. Bramwell, Q.C., moved for a rule for a new trial in this case. The action was tried & few days since, before Mr. Baron Martin and a common jury, and was to establish the defendant's liability as a director of a mine, situate at Aberystwitb, in Wales. The Jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff. The learned counsel contended there was no evidence on which to go to the jury, and that the learned baron gave too much weight to certain documents produced on the trial. The Court granted the rule. COURT OF CHANCERY. HINDLE V. TATLOI6,-JUDOMENT. The Lord Chancellor gave judgment today in this case, which was an appeal from the judgment of the Master of the Rolls. The plaintiff, Mrs. Hindle, is the widow of a gentleman who died in 1853, and by her bill she claimed to be entitled, under the provisions of the will of the father of her late husband, to two an nuities of 2001. each, one out of the proceeds of 20,0001., 31 per cents., which the - plaintiff's father-in-law had directed to stand in the name of trustees for the benefit of his son, the late husband of the plain tiff, and his children ; and also out of the sum of 5,0001., part of a sum of 20,0001., raised tron certain trusts, out of which the father of the plain tiff's husband had directed that she should have an an nuity of 2001. at the death of her husband, and subject to that payment the proceeds of the 20,0001. was to be held in trust for the benefit of his sons, children of the plaintiff. The plaintiff's husband died in 1853, leaving her, his widow, and two daughters surviving. Under these circumstances, the bill was filed asserting the widow's right to annuities out of both funds. The Mas ter of the Rolls directed that the plaintiff was entitled to both annuities, and from that decision the appeal en which his Lordship now gave judgment was brought The Lord Chancellor felt, no doubt, that the Master of the Rolls had come to an erroneous conclusion, and ordered that judgment to be corrected. Appeal allowed. LORD MAYOR'S DAY. This morning the usual ceremonies consequent upon a new Lord Mayor taking office were gone through in the City. His lordship (Mr. Alderman Salomons), after having breakfasted with the civic authorities and the principal members of his household, went to the Guild hall, and from thence, after luncheon, proceeded in state to Westminster. The precession consisted of his lord ship in his state carriage, the Sheriffs, the Aldermen, a military band, a few flsgs, and a troop of cavalry. The Lord Mayor having been sworn in, tho procession returned by the usual route. MAIISTIAL PELISSIER ON THE TAKING OF KINBURY. The following order of the day, dated " Head quarters, Sebastopol, Oct. 20," was published by Marshal Polissier on the taking of Kin burn : . The army will learn with py the announcement of a fresh success. The flags of England and of France have since the 17th floated on tho walls of Kinburn. The key to the mouths of the Boug and of the Dnieper is in the power of the Allied armies. Surrounded on the sea side by the squadrons of Admirals 13rnat and Lyons, and on the land side by the Anglo-French division under Gene ral Bazaine, the fort of Kinburn capitulated after a bombardment of five hours and a half. Its garrison, composed of one general officer, ten other officers, and 1,380 soldiers, left the place with the honours of war, and surrendered as prisoners of war, abandoning in the fort 174 pieces of cannon, 25,000 projectiles, 120,000 cartridgeN, with ammuniticn and supplies of different kinds. The day of the 17th October, in which the .'feet and the army so happily united their efforts for the same object, adds to the glory and the renown of the Allied armies. The success thus obtained terrified the Russians, who, in their despair, on the following day blew up the fort of Otchakoff and three batteries near it. Milburn in our hands will b ecome a f orm id a bl e men ace against Nicolaieff and Kherson. PELIFAIER. 01WAR PASHA IN CIRCASSIA. SOCCHUM KALEH, OCT. 12.—1 f the interest of the public in England with respect to the Georgian campaign is increasing as rapidly as the plot is thickening here, the proceedings of Omar Pasha's army will soon be as closely watched as those of Generals Simpson and Polls sier, and they will be as well worthy of attention. Not only are the green hillsides of Souchum becoming every day more thickly dotted with tents, but a great part of the army has already commenced moving along the line of march ; and, as the character of the country through which they are about to pass is now acquiring a special interest, I was glad to avail myself of the opportunity which was afforded to me of accompanying a small re connaissance which was made a few days ago to the Mingrelian frontier. Our party consisted only of Mr. Longworth, the English commissioner, and his secretary, Mr, Champoiseau ; Col. Ballard, of the Turkish army, who has followed its fortunes ever since the siege of Silistria ; the Commander of the French brig of war La Vigie, and myself. The Abasian houses are made generally of wattle, and thatched with Indian corn. In most of the villages there aro both Christian and Mussulman inhabitants, but none of the women cover their faces, or are more shy than savages generally. The men are afraid of commit ting themselves by hospitality to strangers in ' time of war, and profess sympathy with the invaders. How far this is genuine it is difficult to judge. The country is thinly populated, and we only passed two or three vil lages before reaching Shemsherrai, the first important place upon the line of march, about 36 miles from Sou chum, and situated upon the sea, three miles from tile point at which the road strikes into the interior. We found that it was not safe to proceed by land beyond this point. A Russian force of 4,000 men are stationed at Sugdidi, 12 miles distant, and the intermediate country was completely in the hands of the Russians, and occu pied by Mingrelian militia. We heard here that a num ber of Cossacks and militia were at Anaklea, and it was important to discover the truth of the rumour ; we there. fore embarked on board the Cycl o p s and La Vigie, which met us here, and proceeded to the mouth of the Ingour. Fort Anaklea is a picturesque ruin, situated upon the left bank of the river, and sur rounded by a dense forest. As we saw smoke rising from behind the fort, it was judged necessary to enter the river with an armed force in case of an ambuscade. Seven boats, with a force of abo u t seven t y men, un d er Lieutenant Ballard, of the Cyclops, and Lieutenant Vilinorin, of the Vigie, pulled towards the mouth of the river, which was completely commanded by the guns of the vessels. We found five feet of water upon the bar of the Ingour, which is one of the most considerable streams upon this coast. Upon our party landing at the fort they came upon the smoking embers of a fire, which our guide told us was that of the militia; a perfect stillness, however, prevailed everywhere —not a human being seemed in the neighbourhood, and the wood was so thick that we did not anticipate much warning from the men stationed in the maintop of the Cyclops to give an alarm. We proceeded up the bank of the river for some time, and came upon the remains of the village of Anaklea, of which a few charred logs alone remain. Having satisfied our curiosity, we were re turning to the boats, when two musket shots from the Cyclops threw our: party into a state of some excitement. We immediately threw out skirmishers to protect our ens barcation, and soon after saw a large group of persons collected at some distance up the river. As they seemed to be people of the country, MeSsrs. Longworth and Champoiseau went up with a flag of truce, with M. De Vihnorin, our guide, and myself. One of ? the group, putting his white cap upon the top of his gun, by way of responding to our flag, came forward to meet the interpreter, and we learned from him that the immediate neighbourhood of Anaklea was comparatively free of Russians, that the nearest large force lay at a distance of nine miles off, and that they rarely visited Anaklea. The people them selves professed themselves in the highest degree friendly, and we gave them a sovereign to cement the alliaace. From the accounts of these men the whole Russian force within a circuit of 15 miles from Anaklea, amounts to 10,006 men. The most important point, and the one at which the first struggle may be anticipate,), is at the fortress of Ruchi, about six miles beyond Sugdidi, and about 60 from Souchoin Keith. Taking the Vigle in tow, we riturned to Shemsherrai the same evening. It is a considerable place, at present only partly inhabited. The Greek and Russian popu lation have shiit up their shops and decamped, and the Turkish merchants have it all their own way. Prince Michael has a handsome house here, built of wood in the Russian style. It is his principal residence. At a distance of three hours in the mountains are his game preserves, where he strictly prohibits any one from pcaching his wild boar, wild sheep, and deer. The limits of Prince Michael's jurisdiction in this direction are 'not very clearly defined. He claims Samuraschan, a province lying betvieen Ahasia and Mingrslia, on the frontier of which Shemsherrai is situated, and the people of .Anaklea professed to owe him allegiance, but it is very certain that his powers of protection do not extend beyond Shemsherrai. As we rode out of the town, on our way back to Souchum, we found that there was an addition to our party, and we were soon after enlightened upon the subject by the arrival of an Abasian, who pronounced himself to be the slave of a Turk in Shemsherrai. Ile epoke to one of our servants, who was a Pole, and informed him that he and six of his unfortunate compatriots were at that moment slaves to Turks in Shetneherral. We assured him that his freedom would be obtained, but insisted upon his returning ; for the masters of Of. other slaves, finding we had liberated one, would have secreted the others ; they are now thrown completely off their guard, and Omar Pasha has since assured me of his intention to liberate them. The v road generally follows the seacoast, crossing the mouths of innumerable rivers, the bridges over which are almost invariably destroyed. We slept at a large village upon the other side of the Kodor, in a magnificent situation ; the lofty elm trees being completely hidden by masses of wild vine, Here we were hospitably received, a comfortable hut was placed at our disposal, soft coverlet sand pillows were arranged upon w , eoden stretchers, and we passed a most civilised night. The staple food of the country is pasta, or Indian corn bread, almost exactly sitnila,r to that of the States, and quite as good. The cheese is eat eatable, but very salt, and boiled pumpkin is popular. Fruit is abundant ; so that for a wild country the living is upon the whole above the average. When we were within a few miles of Souchum we met three squadrons of cavalry, the avant garde of the army which is now moving into Mingrelia ; our information about tha road was therefore very acceptable, and I was rather asto nished at the rapidity with which Omar Pasha is hurry ing on his campaign. In spite of his energy, however, the number of bridges which must be constrt;cted along the first 40 miles of his march will necessarily retard the progress of his army, and ten days or fortnight must elapse before he finds himself in face with the enemy. Meantime troops are disembarking with their usual rapidity ; the Great Britain has disgorged 1,800 men in an incredibly short time, and returned for more. She brought Colonel Sirumonds from Balak lava. There have been 20,000 men landed within the last fortnight. The Duke of Newcastle has also arrived in the Highflyer. from Anapa and Soudjak. On their way the Highflyer picked up the Naib, who was coming to pay Omar Pasha a visit. He declares his ex pedition against the Russians to have been eminently successful, which is somewhat at variance with the re- port of the Karachi, men, to which I alluded is my last letter. At all events, Omar Pasha evidently his a high opinion of his power and influence in the county, as he has appointed him Civil Governor of all the provinces of Circassia, from the country of Schamyl to the Provinces of Tchapsugh and Natquoltcb, which are presekt under the jurisdiction of Sener Pasha. The terms of lie buoy ourouldi are almost identical with those of Prince Michael ; the object of the appointment is in both cases the same. Invested with authority from so high a source, and in a manner calculated to impress the natives of the .lountry who witnessed the ceremony, he goes back to his Go vernment under the most favourable auspices, rad there can be no doubt that in adopting this course Omar Pasha has done more towards utilizing the Cireeeeians than could have been effected by the most elaborate and judicious treatment of the individual and petty chiefs. These will new be afraid to resist the will of the Naib, who, owing everything to Omar Pasha, will be a useful instrument in his hands. The great diflicuty in dealing with the Circassians lies in the fact that they are determined to be subjects of the Porte, ie spite of the Porte itself ; indeed, it has always (publicly at least) disclaimed the idea of appropriating territory in this direction ; and it is evident that it is no less the in terest of Turkey than of the allied Powers to abstain from any such addition to the Ottoman dirninions No treaty of peace with Russia which de the forbearance upon _ forbearance of these mountain tribes would be worth a rush, and we should be continually broiled with t ees i a if we attempted to preserve " the independence aeel i n . tegrity of the Ottoman empir e " upon the Kuban ;whil e a frontier composed of su ch materials would e h e an end less source of annoyance to the Porte. It is probable that Omar Pasha sees this as well as many of the more intelligent Turks, and has constituted th e Nail as a s upremo anthority, with the expectation that thoallied Powers will render him ultimately indepe n d en t. At present no man whose power was not derived from ti e one venerated source could acquire any influence among these bigoted mountaineers. It is in his acute perception of these leading features of the internal policy o Cir eaK,ia that Omer Pasha has proved himself a skilful diplomatist ; and perhaps it may be questioned how far it was a wise measure to form a commission inde pendent of him to settle all political and civil questions in the theatre of his present operations. Seel' a com mission has nevertheless been formed, and it will cell for the utmost discretion on the part of the gentlemen com posing it in the exercise of their functions ; the political complications in Mingrelia and Georgia and the other Transcaucasian provinces are infinite, and offers of assistance upon certain conditions have been and cer tainly will again be made. Orner Pasha will want to promise everything, so as not to compromise the safety of his army. The Civil Commissioners will promise nothing, so as not to compromise their Governments. They will both be perfectly justified in their separate lines of conduct. how far the great cause which each have at heart will be benefitted by the result it is for others to determine, and I have no doubt that Omer w r w Pasha, on the one hand, and Messrs. Long 6 Chanipoiseau and Emin Buy, on the other, ill th do all in their power to avoid what appears to be .almost the inevitable consequences of the positi on in which they are placed with reference to ono another. OCT. 13. This morning our slumbers were disturbed by the thunder of ea , onon, an'l w .9f177 hin 51 , e birl,n, i r (itched out with flogs. We found the cause of these re joicings to be the arrival of despatches from Kars, an nouncing the total defeat of the Russian army inTeliting that city, with an enormous loss, the particulars of which have, doubtless, reached you. Looking out of my window, I saw Omer Pacha informing his army of the fact, which ,they received with loud cheers. It was an inspiriting sight, after having exhorted his soldiers to march to the entire annihilation of the army which their comrades have almost destroyed, to see his Highness, upon a prancing charger, lead his battalions to the war. 5,000 men, with two batteries of artillery, followed him along the Kutais road. The moment was well chosen, and the music of their bands harmonised well with the booming of the heavy guns, which were still celebrating the victory. The troops were in good heart, and have perfect confidence in their General and in the successful issue of the campaign in which they are engaged. It is much to be regretted that its importance does not yet seem to have been recognised in England, when the at tention of the Government cannot be diverted from the Crimea. If, instead of sending the Contingent to Kertch, it had been put under Omer Pacba's orders, its services would be made more available, and a good moral effect would be produced among the Turkish troops, who are already beginning to recognise the merits of English officers. A t present, if Omer Pacha succeeds, his triumph will not be the less complete that it has been won in spite of the obstacles thrown in his way by the Allied Powers. THE BATTLE OP BARS. The following is an extract of a private letter from Kars : " TARS, OCT. 2. " We have had, as you are aware, for the last 17 weeks a most tedious and painful blockade, maintained by a formidable Russian army of at least 35,000 men, whose numerous cavalry—regular and irregular—did their duty so well that we could scarcely contrive to get a letter through their lines. The neglected state of our army, which, after having been delivered over to the worst of commanders, had been beaten in five battles, and since then neither paid nor reinforced, forbade all idea of our acting in any manner on the offensive. Since the arrival of General Williams and his staff, however, the most has been made of the army, the men have been cared for, encouraged, and instructed by Captains Thompson and Teesdale, the most formidable batteries have been planned and erected by Colonel Lake, and General Williams has worked incessantly to encourage, feed, and take care of the soldiers, and to arm and in spirit the citia ns of Kars. " For some days past we have observed large convoys of heavily laden waggons proceeding from the Russian camp, which movements, occurring as they did after the receipt of the most glorious news of the fall of Sebas topol and the landing of Omar Pasha, made us suppose that the enemy was intending to raise the siege and pre pare for the defence of Georgia. One gallant officer, however, General Kmetz (Ismael Pasha) persisted in the opinion that the Russians would try an assault beforo their departure, and this officer commanded the works on the heights on that side of the town nearest the Russian camp. Before I proceed to narrate what happened on the 29th I must give you a rough description of Kars. The city, a truly Oriental one, lies at the base of a line of rocky hills, about four miles in length on the north. The forts of Tahmasl lie on the western extriinity of this range, which is cut in the centre by a deep gorge through which flows a river ; the eastern ex tremity terminates in a large rocky hill called the Karadagh, well fortified, and on the eastern brink of the gorge is a strong earthwork, called Arab Tabia. Between the eastern and western extremities of this ridge, and to the north of the town, are placed a line of earthworks, connected by breastworks, called the Eng lish Tabias, and the nearest to the Tahmasl forts is that called Fort Lake, which contains a blockhouse, and is the key of the whole position. On the south of the city a certain portion of the plain is enclosed by a square line of forts and breastworks, like the rest, all of earth and of recent construction. " On the morning of the 29th, or rather at midnight, the distant rumble of guns was heard by the sentries on Tahmasl, and General Kmetz at once called all the troops in that direction under arms, but after this a long inter val of silence ensued. About an hour before the dawn sundry suspicious noises were again heard, and at last, by the feeble light of the crescent moon, a large dark moving mass was observed advancing towards a battery in which was Capt. Teesdale, a most gallant young sol dier ; at once the guns were opened on the column, when a loud hurrah arose from enemies unseen who had almost surrounded the whole of the north-west works. Ail suspense was now at an end, the corps of Turks in this position found themselves assaulted in front and flank, while a column was moving round in their rear. It was still nearly dark, so that in this, the commence ment of the action, very little of our powerful artillery could come into play. The Russian columns, advancing with wonderful steadiness, were met by volleys of mus ketry at point-blank range, directed from flanking breast works, while„from time to time Teesdale's guns poured out murderous grape. At the extreme point of Tahmasl the enemy actually penetrated into the batteries and were at once bayoneted. While this murderous struggle was going on, a vigorous artillery fire from the enemy was kept up on Kanli Tabia, in the• plain, far removed from the real point of danger. This, of course, was but a feint. Fort Lake, the key of the whole position on. the north, and the English batteries immediately behind the town, which I have mentioned, were now attacked, and the latter being defended by a very weak force, chiefly irregulars, were carried by assault, and the enemy then began shelling the town. But daylights now showed clearly each position and movement of the enemy. General Williams despatched two or three corn panies of Rifles to the English Tabias under one of our best officers, Kadir Bey, and these, with troops from Fort Lake, charged the Russians, and fairly drove them out of the batteries at the point of the bayonet ; mean time, from Karadagh, Captain Thompson had, with the eye of a General, albeit a young one, despatched one or two companies over the gorge and the river, who took up a flanking position in the midst of rocks commanding these English Tabias, and by immense exertions he also got some heavy guns to bear on them, so that he soon changed the Russian retreat into a rabble rout. Some Russian cavalry made a gallant charge here, but soon came to grief among some trous de loup. " Meanwhile the battle was raging at the original point of attack ; the rolling fire of the musketry was. incessant, and the thunder of the artillery from the numerous batteries never ceased for a moment. At one time, and only once, some little symptom of giving way was observed, but no sooner observed than the fresh fire from reinforcements, despatched by Gene ral Williams and Colonel Lake, and ably handled by General Kmetz, changed the backward into a forward movement ; the loud hurrahs of the Russian hosts were soon mingled with the yells of the Tarkg, who fought with the ferocity of tigers, charging repeatedly with the bayonet. White-turbaned citizens were seen rushing into the fight, hewing with their scimitars ; and Lazi mountaineers springing like wolves from behind rocks, and charging with the clubbed rifle or broad two edged dagger. The grey-coated Russians, too, fought with wondrous courage ; again and amain they advanced to the deadly breastworks, an I were blown from the very mouths of the guns or bayonetted in the batteries. As the action continued, and each new movement of the enemy was tried, tke excel lence of Colonel Lake's batteries was fully proved. Wherever the columns of the enemy were directed they found themselves under a flanking fire of` heavy guns ; if they gained possession of a battery 'weaker than the rest, they were again pounded by our artillery from some battery which commanded the weaker point ; meantime any assault on the keys of our position was altogether hopeless,—the Colonel himself, under a heavy fire, directed the artillery of the two principal batteries, and well did the Turkish officers, who are second to none in the world in their practical skill in this branch, second his efforts. "I am unable to do justice to this gallant affair of the heights of Kars ; the battle continued without inter mission for seven hours, and about midday the Russian columns were seen running down the kills much faster than they had advanced, their cavalry and horse attil levy protecting their retreat. Two of our forts, named Chien Tabia and Tek Tabia, or the one-gun battery, both of which were out of reach of the enemy's light guns, fired into their retreating columns with heavy ord nance, the former battery especially doing much execution- Oh for two regiments of cavalry to complete our day's work ! But we had none, and so were mortified to see the Russian army, or what remained of it, quietly re treating to their original camp, but not without consi derable symptoms of disorder. I rode round the batte ries soon after the action, which ()laded about 11 a.m., and seldom had the oldest soldier seen a more terrible sight ; there were literally piles of dead stripped of their clothes and lying in various postures, while the plaintive cries of men with shattered limbs arose from all sides from amid these acres of defaced humanity. I no time to go into further details, nor will J endeavour to form a calculation of the Russian loss iu killed and. wounded, lest I be accused of exaggeration, but I will. give you an unadorned fact. We have already buried, upwards of 4,000 dead Russians, numbers of the enemy also crowd our hospitals, where the Turks treat them as musstfirs or guests, a sacred word used by the Musbir Vassif Pasha, as he directed them to be taken care of even more than our own men. Our own losses are scarcely above 1,000. "P.S. Oct. 3.—1 reopen this letter to say that we have buried already 6,300 Russians ; numbers were car ried off by the enemy besides. A deserter came last night into our camp, and he tells us that the second in command was killed, and numbers of the highest Rus sian officers. Some thousand carts were sent to Gnmri this morning, full of wounded. A heavy rain has fallen during the night, which prevents Mouravieff from moving. Had we but two regiments of cavalry the en tire destruction of his army would be a certainty. I must mention that when the English batteries were car ried several Lazi flags were taken ; these were small mountain standards b e lon g i ng to the villages, and are almost the only trophies the enemy has got in exchange for the ruin of his army. If Omer Pacha show a little enterprise the conquest of Georgia will present no diffi culty whatever. During the attack Mouravieff ordered u p reserve after reserve until his camp was almost en tirely unprotected. A large body of Kurdish and Cir cassian irregulars, in Russian pay, were unable to resist so fine an opportunity for indulging their predatory habits, so they fell upon the camp and pillaged it." THE lIHME MEMORIAL.-At a preliminary meeting of the friends of the late Joseph Hume, held last evening, at the residence of Sir James Duke, M.P., Mr. Nicholay accepted the office of chairman of committee, Mr. W. Williams, M.P., Col. Sykes, and Sir James Duke, Bart., M.P., consented to act as trustees of the Memorial Fund, and it was resolved that an appeal ho made to the coun tr,, f r rai , ing sub.eriptiong t(, rnmmernoraf e in a suit. able manner Lis eminent public services; and, with the view to carry out that object, it was proposed to call public meetings in the districts of the metropolis.