The Sun. — London, England, 1842-11-09 00:00:00

• Ilation re. France 61 inh abl ' , 5 ; Stria: ;, 344,793; in a r gril d 1841, ) 12 decier ed , .joint -Aocx bave b ee u n t e riod e i g" . names re, iid A ll their , a .be WaS out . to in noUnc l ii gin - Frai itsre i r dio t red b h iscl r. • o s r idaY ro j a eitt pie bPi° o r stii the tr ot ipto l e i to or a la to 0 141.0 co o ki I L W the u gh b er° Mr. rts in.., , Sile rl " Ge in cawfo Oa. r„ 60 0 ehe a l e g r : evAv ri , t o 4 Vili e ;t ster,i her. boa , woo becinitt l in the • *V rei e 1 1°1114 0 ,111 to .doft wn e ifi I. 0 0 4 on Si o° ll/ on dal , 11 511 ' robs ni Ire l. , p ect are Nor ee o t be l t ; i bl es O ar° yilo t if s ome beo hat e r i o orei loo lo Cast le = occ v n the 0.• 40 10. , A )f *7 Durb 6l ,. 116 Lbing e ; . sco r. oi btlo sq.,. belOb ti de: ' WO I : t ot li t tO ''t 010 11 °{ w th. t uth° r ,, yeg: d w ith e i pe be cst dic t. Pr e 2 iden t i , v o of P' for the dep •sit of samples and patterns of goods "f:m Hand, and that from solid firms they, would take commissions to effect-sales, &c., their agents in Am sterdam giving all requisite information. The continued improvement in Bank Stock, is a •,subject of much speculation in the City amen-t ea-. • - pitalists and others. There have been purchases made this morning at 171, a rise of not less than six per cent. within a week or ten days. The report is that the Directors are to give their strenuous support to the conversion scheme (Three•and-a-Half per ~.„'cents. to be reduced to Three per Cents.), and that as ' a s op in the pan, the charter is to be renewed with but ?• , . slight modifications. That something is in the wind •• - • cannot be doubted, or why should, it is asked, the Gover nor an d D eputy Governor of the Bank be such • • frequent visitors to. the Chancellor as they have of late. Bank' Stock after reaching 171 this morning have receded to 170, the present value. As respects Three per Cent. Consols, the high prices of yesterday were pretty well sustained, 94 to 94i . havin g been the ruling prices of this morning. Money Stock Is in demand, if we except theThree-and-a-Half r Cents. ' which remain very fiat at about 1011. The Three per Cents. Reduced Annuities had reached 93.1; Long Annuities were at 12t. • Exchequer Bills have risen to 61s. p remum ; but India Bonds have fallen. The brokers for the Savings Banks Commissioners • Made another purchase this morning of the Three per*Cents., amounting in all to rather under 10,0001. • The speculative d e mand for Mexican Stock has been very good to-day, and purchases have been made in it at the advanced prices of 331, though the market is now per cent. lower. Colom bianßonds have also risen a little, the price now '"eing ' 21 1 Portuguese Securities, Five per Cents., . have been quoted at 581, the Three' per Cents. at i 2 , 31 ; Spanish at 14; the New Three per Cents. at 42 ; the Dutch Five per Cents. at 1001, and the Two , and-a -Half per Cents. at 52k. Very littl e a l terat i on can b e no ti c ed i n the Railway Share Market to-day. London and Birmingham have been sold at 92 premium ; the Eastern Counties, New, at 1 premium ; the Great Western, New at 11-i- P n r em.; the L on d o n and Brighton 13-i dis. ; the Midland C ounties at 34 discount ; and the South Eastern scrip At 2 discount. The value of the Joint-stock Bank , Sires remains at the prices of yesterday, not a single tra nsaction in them havinF been reported. 1 01CRESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 7.—There - fax be en l ess d o in g i n our mar k e t th an f or th e l as t 141 days. Our only quotations are, Sheffield and Pehester, 30-1-; Manchester and Liverpool District • ' 41 (1101 4. CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. a wl sto k ape r c ...... 94 Ditto Bonds . b 3 pm ICA' %•eut. • Conc.... 94 Ditto Old Annuities .. 94 Ffseer Cent. Red. lOOl Ditto New Annuities... Re!e . 4 fit Per Cent... lOll Ex. Bills, 1,000/....2d. 59 pm I ) ° Per Cere — Ditto 500/...... 59 pm '`njl Annuities to expire Ditto Small "",„L 1-60 ~.. .... .. 12i Bank Stock for Acct. 1 7 2 Oct. 18 59 jai l- 'WO -- 'Consols for Acct....... 921 FUNDS. A t • FOREIG Belgian, Der cent " el g i an, b s p . r cen t t *** Brazilian Bonds... d een Buen " s ' . ~. .. osAyres6 per cent. ‘ - ',.,..hthan, 6 per cent. .4nornhian, 6 per cent D itto, 1824 21% Cuba Bonds, 6 per cent 79 Danish, 3 per .ent G reek, 1825, 5 per cent — MVexican, 5 per c en t 33% _o. 6 per cent. 1837 F eruYian,lB2s,6 perct. SHARES. Bristol an d E xe t er (71 pa id) ... ..... . ... - 41 Eastern Cou n ti es (23 paid) ••• 8 Ditto New (—paid) Ditto Debentures ( paid) Great Western, (65 paid) Ditto New Shares (50 paid .. London and Brighton (50 paid) ...... 36 London and Blackwall ( paid) ....... ••• s ir London and Birmingham (90) ...... ........ 181 Ditto Thirds (32 paid) Ditto New Shares ( 2 paid) ... ........ ... 30 London and South Western (4116 s 10dpd) 59% London and Croydon Railway (Trunk) ...) 9% Midland Countiesßailway (100 paid) Northern and Eastern (45 paid) . Ditto Scrip ( 5 paid) 6s North Midland Railway (1 0 0) Ditto Half Shares (40 paid) South Eastern and Dover (50 paid) 92.1 Ditto Scrip (20 paid) COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY. l ok A msterdam ,l: CF. 12 9 Gibraltar... ‘'' -- ~,t to, at sight 'L. I,lot*Botterdam . -.2 U. 12 9i Genoa . 26 10 4 -,A.,./atw er p . . ... l2 8 Milan • 411 irab - h M.B. 13 15 Venice 47 s ` l 7i• Al ton e . ( 11 i tone. 4 411...1v tri5, 3 d a y s ' s i g ht ... 25 75 P_ a . lemto, per oz 120 'J'ol , l''' , 3 months 25 95 Lisbon 'ittrseilles Brdeaux 26 0 Rio Janeiro 23% Fr yLrdifort on Maine ...152 Bahia • etersbur ' Berlu,• g ' 7 New York,2l days sight 46% t : 4l, 'f r it , 8 - te " , T b ui, effec. fl. 3M. 10 1 Philadelphia 4 € ditto , 44. ulyid 36% Foreign Gold, bars £ 3 17 9 1141 4. ..•.. . h 0ce1 . 0 ... "•••• 36 New Doubloons OO 0 Sevin. n il. .............. .36 New Dollars ... 04 9% ' ............ ...... 36 Silver in Bars... OO 0 Portuguese, 5 per cent sB} Ditto, New Ditto 3B Prussian, 5 per cent. Russian, 5 pei cent cent Ditto, Metallic .... Spanish, 5 per cent lB Ditto, Deferred.... 10 French, 5 per cent. —f. —c. Exchange French, 3 per cent —f. —c. Dutch, 2k per cent. 52 Ditto, 5 per cent. .. 100 i ddj IE6 I rti tui w~~~i bib !?, THE THEATRES. HAYMARKET. A ' entitled ton onopelylogue, from the pen of Mr. Buck th• c the Belle of the Hotel, was produced at ►as written Is theatre on Monday, the clever and accomplished actre ssfi A t :t ti me'ls& Fitzwilliam re-appearing here for the 8- since her return from America. The piece purposely for her performance, and was ~"( l ed on the "Notions," which, with Mr. Buck -1,-""e),-""e) they had pick e d up during their sojourn with ti r t j the r Jonathan. The scene, as imparted by the aft er represents an American hotel, and our heroine, a few rhyming lines, appears as Miss Protea with k , and tells us she has run away , from England her Italian singing master, Signor Amoroso, bi ° is teaching her his divine science, but she is du i:as whether she shall be contented with becom- An l a prima donna only, or whether she shall o;_" also rival Rachel in tragedy, and Taglioni in sal f, a ccomplishments. She expresses her intention afrn ` ll(l Ying all three arts • and makes her exit. She Nt. e lnan, Jerry Phcenix, ain appears equipped in the full costume of a Yankee Miss - P .- r ote a who is in love with the aforesaid gives Snook. In this character Mrs. Fitzwilliam Of the n t S a bit of genuine Yankee, with a new version she is IPpecanoe air of " Old Rosin the Beau." Here is t ransmogrified into Mrs. Macscribblescrabble, Z elderly lady, who is busily engaged in Trollopizing _ America after the most approved precedent. Then a ppear , 1 , Signor Amoroso himself, Shelah Mullins, an di '." chambermaid with a brogue that is certainly prie by This a knife, and, finally, Mademoiselle La a ess assum e d , Ad Ile SYlphide— a fat danseuse—a corpulent aerial acti: . was the last disguise which our Protean 1 u :ead of the ;,. tai ._ s'lrs. and the piece terminated with the a g e ents of Miss Snook's father, by the contrivance of . ns r rY Fllcenix, carrying off Mrs. Macscribblescrabble .3zlvlllharn also erratic daughter. At the fall of the Adoged, Fitzwilliam was loudly called for. Mrs. performed in the petite comedy of 11 10 .Y ur.. ttl iki e in the character of Laurette Sey ,urs. ..... fection. ""eY acted as Kate O'Brien ' in Per- A new farce , ADELP.III. Cleop a tfrom the French, entitled Antony and Balled i re; a nd a musical extravaganza, or ballet, th ew 41741 , constituted the two new attractions at this a t' tire" Monday. In the latter, which is a burlesque se4 the successful ballet which had so long a run last NZ at the Opera-house ' Mr. Bedford's mock eli c i t - 2nd bravuras, with Mr. Wieland's comic dances, Th e eonsiderable applause from a crowded house. du e ,„ l ' e ,w farce, called Antony and Cleopatra, was pro the - Af ."lnnediately after Mr. Stirling's adaptation of incl e - ; 4 , B er i B Daughter, which promises to be for some lit t i' n 'te length of time the leading attraction at this . e theatr,.. In this Wright's acting was inimita farend Would alone have insured the success of the aet - i .:;. while Miss Murray proved herself a capital ni z g i s ' Mr. Gladstanes continues to enjoy that , Y pleasure—the sight of an overflowing house. re gains the last piece, Mr. Wright and Miss ti o t :,''N: kept the house in a roar for the brief dura --, perfn °Lriner one act, with ou t th e ass istance of any other ,J. Su OLYMPIC. p`Sunshine ade an effective drama, from th e ,!!1 of Mr. W. L. Bede, was on Monday produced at eLnris nd Sha theatre, and was exceedingly well received by a 44z!IN'51ed house. The situations in the drama are ~.„..1 .1. . .(1 11 g and effective', and the very excellent acting Abss L. Melville and Mr. Fitzjames, as Jane and ~ ilrves, tended materially to its success. Mr. Wild, . "11. ~r.,he character of Lysilnachus Dobbs, did much to , 11 - 1 67 t i n t rt the audience. - His comic song, "The “ Ad -• 'es of . a Vagabond," (extracted from The Ad nkres qf a Gentleman"), is irresistibly droll. The ::,,rngs performance consisted further of My Valet ! 4, Norval (burlesqued), and IVhich is Which SURREY. • • A new nautical drama, entitled " Union Jack ; or h e t Sailor and the Settler's Daughter, was produced .• thts theatre on Monday, with the most unequivoca. '„ f ec e,."- Ther e i s an i n t ro d uc t or y , fi rs t ac t, th e scene .fish is laid in the neighbourhood of Plymouth action o f ths piece takes place at the Cape of ~ ,ft;;;"1 , !tope, at w hi c h co l ony J ac k St ea dy (M r . T. P. .'hi t d -e) ' who, from his peace-making qualities ob tained th e so b r i que t of Union Jack, 71 arrived from a cruise on the China coast on board n er -Majesty's ship Union. Jack Steady, like all att_tical heroes, is of course a model of seamanship , unstancv are 'I -kilt male-angel afloat, and ha s o f ~ g ar cours e his countarpart in a reglar-built female ashore, "young, lovely, and in distres3." The Dllbel in ev t , h m e present instance was one Mary th e shire lass, who had emigrated to the CV° with her. father. :Airs. It. llonner enacted 11 2 I.:liziracter, and .youth and loveliness could not have • lr. tamer- representative and as for the distress, that W 43 furnis. by a bOtly of UatTres who, at the in- EIS b 1.4, stance of Hans . 2.lordenbrenner (Mr. N. T. Hicks), a Dutch smuggler and slaver, - the bl r aZr angel of the piece, make an irruption into the English settlement, burn the crops, plunder the settlers, and carry off Mary, who is conveyed on board the smuggler's ship the Pluto, which said ship Pluto is attacked by Jack and the crew of the Union, who are all ignorant of the fact of Mary being on board, Hans sets fire to his ship ; and after the crew of the Union have quitted her to save their lives, he tells Jack that his revenge for the destruction of the ship will be ample, for that Mary is in the powder magazine. Jack instantly re turns, boards the burning vessel, reaches the maga zine, and rescues Mary. As Jack and Mary quit the ship she blows up with a terrific explosion. The piece is admirably got up, and is plentifully inter spersed with combats and dances and songs, all of which were received with shouts of applause. The scenery was very good, and the effect of the last scene was novel and magnificent. The flames rose gra dually, the fire increasing inintensity, accompanied by occasional explosions, until at length the final ex plosion took place. The piece was announced for repetition every evening, amidst the most vocife rous applause of a very crowded house. The drama of the Two Locksmiths followed, with H. Hughes as Peter Burl, brave Burl, philosophic Burl, who "takes things quietly." Mr. Ilughes's acting in this charac ter proves him to be a consummate artist. He has attained the secret of true acting. He understands the power of repose. If some of our " powerful and effective" actors would go and study the acting of Mr. H. Hughes in Peter Burl, they might learn a useful lesson. They would then see the superiority of repose over rant, and learn, like Peter Burl, "to take things quietly." The house was crowded. SUPPLY of WATER to NEW YORK. The New York papers of Oct. 14 and 15 con tain a long description of the ceremony of intro ducing the Croton waters into that city, which took place on the 14th, and of the stupendous works recently completed by which it is con ducted. We shall content ourselves with saying of the ceremony, which they dilate on at great length, that it was a grand civic procession, at which all the trades and companies of New York were present, and that the houses and streets were crowded with spectators. In the evening there were illuminations and balls. Odes were written, composed, and sung, and more rejoicings could scarcely have taken place had a great vic tory been obtained over a foreign enemy. The occasion was, perhaps, more worthy of a great civic rejoicing than would have been a victory, fbr a noble work was achieved by which New York will henceforth be amply supplied with water. From the speeches that were delivered on the occasion, and from the description in the New York Herald, we compile the following ac count of the former and present supply of water to that city : Samuel Stevens, Esq., the President of the Board of Water Commissioners, in delivering over the Croton Water and the works on this island to the Mayor and Common Council, said :—The Tea-water Pump, situated near the corner of Pearl and Chatham streets, was for a long period of time, the grand source of all the drinkable water for the lower part of the city. The necessity of a greater and more copious supply, for the extinguishment of fires, appears also to have been early admitted by our whole commu nity. Many of the present generation recollect the long lines of both men and women formed to pass pails and buckets from hand to hand, on the coldest night of winter, with but a faint hope of staying the con flagration of some neighbour's dwelling. In 1774 the Csrporation adopted the plan of Christopher Colles, of making a reservoir in Broadway, between Pearl and 'White-streets to supply the city. The Revolution stayed this work. In 1799, William Weston, a civil engineer, was employed by the Cor poration to examine the Bronx, and reported that it would furnish a supply. The first innovation, on the pail and bucket system appears to have been made in 1801, when two engines, for the extinguishment of fires, were imported, by the Common Council, from London. In 1799, the Manhattan Company was chartered, for the avowed purpose of introducing "pure and wholesome water," and as an additional inducement for the introduction of water, banking pri vileges were bestowed by its charter. This Company mainly satisfied itself by pumping water with a steam engine from near the old Collect. Their pipes, though they furnished not pure and wholesome water, have nevertheless, in cases of fire, been fre quently highly beneficial to the city. In 1825, an. other Company, called " The New York 'Water Works for the supply of pure and wholesome water.," was established, but it was of short existence, and produced no valuable results, except to prove that no ample supply of good water could be found on this island. The Corporation, in addition to the river, Manhattan, and pump supply of water, found it ne cessary to erect public cisterns ; these were generally in the streets in front of churches. This practice of building public cisterns continued till 1829, when the Committee on the Fire Department, consisting of Isaac Brown, James Palmer, Samuel Stevens, Benja min M. Brown, and P. W. Engs, reported in favour of abolishing public cisterns and building a tank or reservoir in 13th street. Fifteen hundred dollars was appropriated to the tank, which was to be filled by horse power, and the Corporation on the 16th of March adopted the Report, and agreed to lay down two lines of twelve inch iron pipes, one in Broad way, and the other in the Bowery. The Committee avowed their object to be to fill that tank and those pipes, at no distant date, with water to be introduced from Westchester. The adoption of this Report by this Corporation may be considered the commence ment of the plan for introducing water into the city. The Report declared the subject too important to be entrusted to any private Company, alleging " That such Companies had been more occupied in making money out of their banking privileges than introduc ing water into the city !"The tank in 13th street was that year constructed, and the two lines of pipes laid down. The plan soon found so many friends, that the horse was exchanged for a steam engine. From 1829 this small tank establishment has caused the city great saving, and extinguished many a fire which otherwise would have destroyed much addi tional property. And so highly has it been valued that a few years since, and after the Croton Waterworks were commenced, the Corporation erect ed alongside of it another tank, and each succeeding year the Corporation continued to lay down pipes, until the line is now about 130 miles long. The Corporation, in December, 1822, through their Committee on thel Fire Department, consisting of James Palmer, Charles Henry Hall, 'William Mande ville, George H. Bruce, Peter Titus, and Dennis M`Carty, recommended that Col. De Witt Clinton examine the Croton River and other sources in the vicinity. On the receipt of Col. Clinton's report, and on the recommendation of the above Committee, the Corporation again decided to introduce water into the City. In February, 1833, the Legislature passed the law appointing Commissioners, to report during the winter following; and in 1834 re-enacted the same law, with additional provisions. Under these laws, Hon. Stephen Allen, Saul Alley, William W. Fox, Charles Dusenberry and Benjamin M. Brown were appointed Commissioners ; the last named gentle. man was soon succeeded by Thomas T. Woodruff. These Commissioners brought industry, honesty and judgment to the consideration of the import ant subject committed to their charge. They had the duty assigned them of examining and reporting a plan relating to supplying the city of New York with a sufficient quantity of pure and wholesome water, which the electors of the city of New York could approve or disapprove. They called to their aid Major D. B. Douglass, previously of the United States Corps of Engineers. They also engaged in their service John Martineau and George W. Cart wright, Esqrs., as engineers. Stephen Allen and his associates had the high and responsible duty of deter mining not only the line of the aqueduct, but of de ciding on all conflicting surveys and sources which, previous to that time, had been considered available for the supply of the city with water, as well as a variety of projects for introducing the water into the city. After rejecting all various plans and adopting the Croton as the source of supply, our predecessors had other important questions to settle. Ought the aqueduct to be of mason work or of iron pipes ? The one carried with it, of necessity, a regular grade, while the other admitted of an undulating line. The most able men up to the period we have referred to, differed on this point. Experience, we think, has shown that the plan of masonry is the best. When the masonry was adopted, the question arose, was it to be an open or an arched or plank covered aqueduct? Again, experience approved the arched and covered aqueduct. In March, 1840, the work, by a revolution which politics sometimes produce in the State, so far as the duty of Commissioners was concerned, passed into the hands of Samuel Stevens, John D. Ward, Zebedee Ring, Samuel R. Childs, and Benjamin Birdsall, and the work is now, except ing the high bridge over the Harlem river, completed, and you have it. It consists of an artificial reservoir, called the Croton River Lake, 45 miles from the Bat tery, the extreme part of the City ; this lake is formed by an hydraulic stone-masonry dam, with two waste weirs, or aprons, for the over-tall of the water, one of 87 feet and one of 180 feet, these being separated by a gate-house. The height of these waste-weirs is 55 feet above the bed of the river, and 40 feet above the low water level. The dam backs the water five miles, and makes a lake of an area of 400 acres, and of a capacity equal to 500,000,000 of gallons. The water enters a gatehouse, where the quantity is regulated before it enters the aqueduct, which is xi, stone struc ture lined and arched with brick. The face of the ianrteeari, 5 aqueductor 3 o 3 f 4 t - h l e oo,pinrtf , iseaett, al the bottom of an inve rted arch, width 6 feet 9 inches height. o 8 feet 51 inches, an omnibus and f our t o line of the aqueduct beingpass) 1t large through. enough The r i on a regular declivity of THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 9, 1842. 13k inches to the mile down to the Harlem river, a distance of 33 miles, it has a line of tunnelling of 6,841 feet, being sixteen in number, sometimes through earth and sometimes through solid rock ; the deepest cut is 80 feet, and the least 25 feet. In Westches!er only, the aqueduct crosses twenty•five streams of water, which are from twenty-five to eighty-three feet below the top of the aqueduct. The grade line of aqueduct across the Harlem river is twenty five feet above tide water, and the top of the water now passes over Harlem river in one pipe of thirty-six inches, placed on the earthen, dam made in the con struction of the high bridge. The bridge itself is now about one-third completed, and will be, when finished, one of the most stupendous works of the kind in the world. The river is 620 feet wide at water line, but the slope of the river banks and an ad ditional distance of 830 feet, in all 1,460 ?eet. The plan now in progress crosses the river with eight arches of 80 feet span, and on piers of SI by 44 teet at the'base, resting on the bed of the river, and seven arches on pier on the land from the edge of the water up the two banks of the river. The spring of one of the arches is 95 feet above the lowest foundation put down ; the top of the parapet will be 149 feet from the lowest foundation. It is intended that the water shall pass over this bridge in pipes, to have it secure against the possibility of danger. The interesting works at Clendening Valley, being a bridge over a valley of 1,900 feet iii breadth, the greatest height of the aqueduct is 50 feet from the bottom of the valley ; beautifut archways are constructed for three streets, 30 feel for the carriage way and ten on each side for side walks. Next in interest is the reservoir at Eighty sixth street, which might well be called the Detain ing or Clarifying Reservoir. It has two divisions, together 32 acres, greatest depth of water 25 feet, containing one hundred and fifty millions of gallons. Two lines of thirty-six inch pipes connect this with the reservoir at Fortieth-street, which has also two divisions, forming together an area of four acres — depth of water when filled thirty-six feet. From tins point four and a half miles to the Battery. Whole length of line from the Battery to the artificial lake, 50 miles. There are in this great work 55,000,000 bricks and 700,000 cubic yards of stone masonry. The water in the aqueduct is regulated at the en trance gate so as not to flow under any pressure—it has not been permitted to flow in the division near the city at a greater depth than' two feet, but the works at the Croton dam required a few days back that more water should pass through the first divi sion (the distance between Sing Sing and the Croton River) being eight miles, and it was found to pass seventy-five millions New York gallons in twenty-four hours, and that its velocity was over two miles per hour. The Croton Lake now retains, beyond the daily river supply, in reserve, five hundred millions of gallons, and a small expense would add other immense artificial lakes to hold back an additional supply, but the necessity of this is hardly conceivable. It is estimated that the London supply from all their Companies is but twenty four millions of gallons, and Paris four millions only. The quality of the water is of a pure and transparent character, and has been found already to be a palatable beverage to thousands of individuals who have used the water. It is only remarkable that it has been so generally approved. We of New York have there fore now got the great desideratum, an abundant sup ply of pure and wholesome water, to be sure at a great cost—nine millions of dollars, exclusive of the the main and distributing pipes throughout the city (now, laid to the extent of 130 miles), exclusive of the interest accumulating on the cost, being in all twelve millions of dollars. 'Well, what of that ! Does it not belong to the system which Eternal Wisdom has inflicted on the world ?—that the greatest blessings can only be procured at the greatest cost and sacrifice? 'What is this water to do for us ? It is to protect our city from the awful con flagrations to which it was subject. Ws now pay in premiums one million of dollars annually to insure about half the value of our buildings, goods, and chat tels, for we are our own underwriters to the extent of one million more of premiuMs—here are two millions in premiums paid or risks incurred. If the Croton works give but half security, you save more than will pay the whole interest of the cost. In two days of December, 1835, our citizens had consumed by fire twenty millions of dollars, principally in warehouses and merchandise. If the twenty millions of property destroyed had consisted of dwelling houses, it would have turned 100,000 of our citizens into the streets. Ido not state an impossible case. I state an event highly probable to have happened, for London—a city built of less wooden materials—had at one fire, in 1666, 13,200 houses burnt, which occupied 436 acres, and embraced 400 streets, 86 churches, and a variety of magnificent buildings. The destruction amounted in value to fifty millions of dollars. The extensive fire at Hamburgh during the past year, and the constant occurrence of fires throughout our coun try, show the danger we were in. Does any indivi dual still say that we cannot afford to pay so much as this great work has cost? I assert that security against such awful calamities cannot be too dearly bought, if it is bought at the lowest possible price. But does water cost so much ? London, in 1834, was supplied with 34,000,000 of gallons, and paid for it annually 1,380,000 dollars. Paris is supplied with two quarts per day for each individual, at an ex pense of 750,000 dollars per annum. The Croton would furnish three hogsheads a day to each of our popula tion, at 600,000 dol. per annum.. After all, we have followed but at a respectable distance ancient Rome, with her nine aqueducts, some of some were longer than the Croton Aqueduct, and together were capable of supplying 250,000,000 gallons„per day. But history does not enable us to say if all of them were in operation at one time; nor do we know all the purposes in which it was applied. The irrigation- of the land was, no doubt, among its most extensive uses. Nor do we learn whether these aqueducts supplied one mil lion or four millions of inhabitants, so widely do the accounts of the population of ancient Rome dif fer. The works of Rome were built by soldiers and by slaves. Ours was voted for by freemen, was constructed by freemen : and we make the aspi ration—that in all ages to come it may bless free men, and freemen only ! But we pass to another branch of our subject—it is the value of the water for domestic purposes. By the almost mysterious property of.water, the Croton, without steam-power, animal or human labour, descends into the cellar, and again mounts into the garret of the loftiest house, even up into the cupola of the City Hall. The turn ing of a cock fills the tubs and culinary vessels of the kitchen in a moment, and almost as soon, the fifty hogshead boilers of a steamboat. Now the saving in human time and labour in the *performance of these operations is incalculable. The weight of the daily water is equal to 250,000 tons, and it goes itself pre cisely where you want it. Providence has given to water this indescribable property, that by rivers and streams it flows throughout the globe to sustain every living thing. 'While food has to be carried or trans ported, water of itself moves and travels for the be nefit of all creation. The Deity, not content with giving it this property, evaporates and draws it to the skies, that it may again condense and distribute itself on the leaves and foliage of the whole vegetable king dom. Numerous analyses have shown the water to be remarkably pure, even before it passed through four settling and clarifying departments of the reser voirs. We leave the farther consideration of the security, pecuniary, and practical advantages of this great work, and pass to make one remark on its moral results. Filth and crime, and cleanliness and virtue are near kinsfolks —the more means and conveniences for cleanliness that are furnished our population, the more industri ous and virtuous they will be. The more good water that is conveniently supplied, the more temperate will be our people, because we shall now no longer afford the poor apology for mixing brandy and rum with water—that of making it drinkable ; and we may hope, the temperance cause, with pure Croton water, and a Croton banner floating to the breeze, will, on the pre sent system, so suCcessfullycarry on the warfare in all future times as to make it impossible for them to find subjects to fill up that part of their corps which now consists of reformed drunkards. To the firemen of the city of New York, who have, without pay, performed more arduous duty than properly falls to the share of any of our free citizens, we say that the Croton Water Works were made emphatically for them ; for, though other advantages have been given as reasons for its construction, yet none had so powerful and controlling an influence as the universal allegation that the Fire Department, to enable them to prevent the destruction of the city by fire, must have a full and ample supply of water. Firemen, you have now got it, and I think I hear you say, " With the Croton water for fires and for fire-men—we swear the awful conflagration of 1835 shall never be repeated." Excuse me, fellow-citizens, for adverting to one fact, that in all the expenditures which have been made by your agents for this great work, the accounts of which have been regularly set tled—it is not known or believed that one dollar of your money has been lost or dishonestly applied. In handing over to you, Mr. President of the Croton Aqueduct Board and your associated agents of the Corporation of the City of New York, the Croton Water, and the Works of this Island which have been completed, I cannot but express my full confidence that you and your associates will recommend—and that the Corporation will adopt such principles and arrangements, in reference to this water, which while it will be made to furnish a large proportion of the in terest on the debt—will nevertheless in some measure supply the inestimable benefits which should flow from this ample supply of " Pure and wholsome water" to our whole community. In fine, that you will' be just to the rich and liberAl to the poor. A survey is now in progress for a line of, railway from Norwich to Cambridge, so as to connect both places with the metropolis by means of the Northern and Eastern Railway. There are several landowners who oppose the scheme. LITERATURE. THE LAW OF i\ISI PRIUS, EVIDENCE IN CIVIL ACTIONS, AND ARBITRATIONS AA D AWARDS : with an Appenqix of the New Rules, the Statutes of Set-off, Interpleader, and Limi tation, and the decisions thereon. 3 Vds. By Archibald John Stephens, Barrister at Law. London, Longman, 1842. _ . The object of this Carefully digested work is to supply the legal praession with a practical treatise, not only upon the law of Nisi Prins but also upon -the subjects ,of ev idence in civil ac tions, and arbitration and award. "An appen dix of the new rules," observes the author, " and of the Statutes of Set-off, Interpleader, and Li mitation, with notes of the cases that have arisen on them, is likewise given, in the hope of in creasing the general utility of the publication." A work of this sort was much wanted, for though we have a multiplicity of law-bouks treating, with more or less ability, of every branch of the profes sion, yet we have none on so comprehensive a scale as the present, at once so minute and so copious, so methodical in its arrangement, so clear and con cise in its explanations, and ranging over such an infinite variety of subjects. Here we find brief but pertinent expositions of the law in •all its myriad varieties and ratnifications—we have the laws relating to bankruptcy—bills of exchange and promissory notes—debt—exe cutors and administrators—fisheries —insur ance shipping— tithes imprisonment—libel ; we have the laws that regulate these, and a hun dred other matters, defined with a simplicity and perspicuity that must render them obvious to the most obtuse capacity'. It is greatly to the author's credit, and vouches for the scrupulous accuracy with which he has executed his labo rious task, that he has put forth no one state ment—no matter how apparently unimportant it may be—without producing the soundest and most recent legal authorities for it, to which he is careful to refer • the professional or non professional—as it may be—reader, by notes placed at the foot of every page. In treating on that complicated subject, Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes, he does not content himself with Merely explaining the usual routine mode of proceeding, but., points out all the technical difficulties of the case, as also those material and -immaterial alterations which, in a greater or less degree, affect the validity of a bill. On the im portant question of Bankruptcy the author is not less particular, and we find that he has di ligently noted the latest changes which are now So extensively making in a branch of the profession that has long stood in need of reform. In that portion of the work which is devoted to the consideration of the Law of Evidence, we perceived that all its special distinctions—such, for instance, as relate to presumption, hearsay, and documentary evidence, either in their primary or secondary points of view, are marked with great discritnination ; while as re gards the law respecting Landlord and Tenant, nothing can be sounder or clearer than the author's exposition in his chapter headed " Distress" and " Ejectment." Equally lucid is he on that ill-understood and enigmatical siahned judgments, are in question,whicii under it must be confessed, in a most unsatisfactory and ineffiAent state. We should not omit to men tion that the work possesses the advantage of one of the minutest and must copious Indexes that we have ever met with, and moreover that each separate department contains its own analytical table of contents. Thus recommended, we can not doubt for an instant that it will soon win its way to popularity, not merely among profes sional men, but generally - among the higher and middle classes, who will find it invaluable as a work of reference. It must have cost the author, Mr. Stephens, a world of labour and research, traces of which are visible in every page; but it will not be labour thrown away, but, like the seed sown in good ground, it will return him frui fOurfold. LOSS OF HER MAJESTY'S STEAMER SPITFIRE. The subjoined relates to the loss of her Majesty's steamer Spitfire, contained in a letter just received from a Captain, 3d West India Regiment BELISE, HONDURAS, SATURDAY, SEPT. 17. Thinking that you in England might hear of the total wreck of her Majesty' s -steamer Spitfire, about 70 miles from this placei h avin g on bo ard two com tphaantieys you u f the 3d ilmVeasgtinlo use on board, and perhapsndia Regiment, and fearing lost, I hurry over a few lines previous to the departure of our post to let you know I am perfectly safe, and and am happy to say that out of 200 souls but one was lost, a private of ours, and that through his own impzu .de Ts cc,. The steamer was wrecked on Saturday night last, shortly before ,eleven o'clock, having struck on a reef; and in less than two hours her hold was full of water, and we expected her to part 'during the night. Had she done so there was no probability of a single life being saved, land not being in sight, nor did we know exactly where we were. We 'landed, however, on two islands the day following, two other officers with myself and 115 men on one, where we could obtain neither water nor anything to eat without sending to the wreck, nine or t en m il es off; we got, indeed, some of each, but not a t a ll su fficient for our wants. We reached this only l as t e ven ing, and here we found a portion of our bagga ge , but all completely ruined." STATE OF TRADE IN PAISLEY. —The hopes of im proved trade continue to be disappointed, and from their utter inability to obtain employment, the num bers on the relief list are rapidly on the increase. The additional numbers last week amounted to no less than on to 523, and the total am oun t o f th o se dependent on the sand persons. Relief Committeeln additi is arin swelle t d his up to seven thou in crease in the number of distressed operative manufacturers, great suffering also exists amongst the labourers dependent on agricultural work, wh o , either from the poverty of the farmer, the dryness of the season, or some other cause we are unaware of, are thrown idle almost universally, leaving themselves and families in a state of destitution almost indescribable. Sometimes about 200 of these men, heads of families, are going about the town ready to labour at any wages, but unable to getwork. whatever the ordinary Relief hese from labourers have been denied all Com mittee ; but, in the expe c t a ti on o f b e ing supported with subscriptions at the forthcoming county meet ing, the Committee of the coun ty a pp o inted at Ren frew have been giving a very littl e g ratuitous food to assistance a few of the most destitute families, and from a dozen to twenty families have also been sent home to their native places, some of them to the Highlands, but the most of them to Ireland.--G/asgow Argus. TAILORS' BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION.—A special general meeting of the members of this Institution was held on Monday in the large room of the Free masons' Tavern, Great Queen-street, for the pur pose of 'agreeing to a new rule to be added to the rules of this Society. The Institution was formed for the benefit of decayed members of the trade, and Mr. Stulz, the celebrated tailor, has presented the Institution with six almshouses and a chapel, to be added to others already built by the Institution. The new rule submitted on M on day was for the purpose of investing Mr. Stultz with the power of nominating two pensioners on the Institution. The rule was passed without a dissentient voice. Mr. Stultz has been a benefactor to this Institution to the amount of 12,0001., and is the President of the Institution. SIR W. GEART.---We are informed that Sir William is going on as favourably as his medical at tendants could expect. He has been able to leave his room for a short tune by means of a couch, on which he was conveyed into the adjoining dressing-room. He is cheerful, and allowed to talk a little occasion ally, and his medical advisers were yesterday relieved from their very close attendance, as he was then, for the first time, left a short time without medical sur veillance. Lady Geary still continues as unremitting in her attentions as ever. — Maidstone Gazette of yesterday. ALICE LOWS ---CITY OF LONDON THEATRE. — The notoriety of the case of Alice Lowe and Lord Frankfort, with the verdict of the Jury in her favour, induced the managers of this theatre to speculate on the chance of her attraction on the stage, and she made her appearance on Monday in two characters—Lucy Lovetrick, in the Dead Shot, and Mrs. Somerton, in the burletta of 211 i/ Neighbour's Wife. The announce ment drew together the largest audience of the season —b ox , pit, and gallery were crowded to the ceiling. On the appearance of the young lady she was greeted with the most deafening applause, which she returned with some grace. Her acting was tolerable, and at the conclusion of the piece she advanced to speak a few lines written for the occasion; her feelings, however, overcame her, and after saying something about " the immortal bard, lovely woman, an unhappy maid, and no wife," she fell on the stage. Mr. Johnson, one of the actors, came to her assistance, and the curtain fell. A loud call was made for her before the cur tain, and Mr. Dunn, the manager, appeared to beg the indulgence of the audience on her behalf, in conse quence of the exhausted state of her feelings. The audience were most indulgent, and the manager re tired with applause. As a matter of speculation the lessees will be gainers, judging from the first night.— Advertiser. CHATHAM, NOT. 7.—An offi c i a l or d er f rom the Horse Guards arrived at the Commandant's office at this garrison on Saturday,, respecting an escort of the Bth Hussars that will arrive atl this., garrison on the 11th instant. The escort will consist of four officers an d 5? m e n . Stabling for the horses and barrack room for the men will be appropriated for them at Brompton Barracks. The escort is to proceed with her Majesty from Rochester to, Canterburv, in her Majesty's route to Weimer Castle. The day' of her Majesty's arrival at Rochester the order does not give. SPIRIT of tfie PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. TIMES.—The Indian news, which we were yes terday enabled to lay before the public in our First Edition, although interesting, contains little that our readers will not have already anticipated. Generals Nott and Pollock have proceeded each some marches on their road to Caubul, General England towards Quettah, and Affghan politics remain in the same dis tracted state as ever. Futteh Jung, son and heir of our old protege Shah Soojah, has taken refuge in the English camp, and very various reports prevail con cerning the state of affairs at Caubul, of which the most unsatisfactory is, that Akbar Khan has mur dered Captain Troup (a story, however, which seems e,ptirely to want confirmation), and the most favour able, that the Kuzzilbashes, constituting the British party in that city, were in possession of thoseprisoners who were there confined, and of the person of Akbar Khan himself. We rejoice that decisive steps have at last been taken to rescue the prisoners from their peril, and that Lord Ellenborough has redeemed himself from those imputations of spiritless indifference to the fate of our countrymen to which his reported policy gave a too plausible occasion. It is a useless ,and frivolous task, with our present knowledge, to speculate upon the past. Lord Ellenborough may or may not have issued the ultimate order to withdraw the troops. He may or may not have had reason for what he did. The want of camels—the negotiations entered on by Akbar Khan—hopes, expectations, fears, and their reasons—all these are things which may hereafter be laid before the world. It is enough for us at present to know, that vigorous measures, and timely measures, are being pursued ; that the season for advance is not to be lost ; that we shall yet this autumn demand our countrymen from the citadel of Caubul. Little as we have ever liked this unscru pulous war, highly as we value the independent rights of nations, and earnestly as we should depre cate in the case of others any tyrannical interfer ence which England would reject with detestation if attempted against herself, we have never had other than one opinion as to the mode in which, haying a just demand, it was incumbent on us to enforce it. Faithless Asiatics are not to be tampered and treated and dallied with. They are to be coerced. By the strong and inflexible arm of force—by deeds—by the steady infliction of an increasing chastisement, inces sant, inevitable, and, if need be, ruinous—by such media alone is redress to be sought from the wild and lawless Affghan. Treat, if you please ; but advance. Reversing the saying of the great Athenian, " Hear," we should say, " but strike:" Our course is at pre • sent clear—let our policy be as unambiguous as our claim—war, decisive, overwhelming, and unwavering, till our demands are in act and deed complied with. Why this course has been hitherto delayed, we do not, and have not materials to inquire. It hai now at length been taken, and we look to hear next month of its triumphant results. Most thankful shall we be when these shall be accomplished, and our troops at liberty to retire within those boundaries which they should never have passed. CHRONICLE.—It was justly observed by.one of the speakers at the Hardy Commemoration Dinner, on Saturday, that bad as the present state of things may be under a Tory Government, yet "if the Chair man had lived in the time of the trials of Hardy and the others, he would have thought it a reign of terror then, and comparative quiet now." And certainly had the Government succeeded in those trials, no man's liberty or life would have been secure. As it was, the most flagrant outrages were committed on per sons obnoxious to the dominant party; and a series of atrocities perpetrated, according to forms of law, or with "a vigour beyond the law, ' which would in fallibly urge the existing generation into open rebel lion. But, as the speaker went on to observe, the tone and temper of society has changed, and it is now much better informed than it was while it endured or cheered the proceedings by which Pitt sought to de stroy his former associates in the cause of Parliamen tary Reform. It may not be amiss, however to re mark, that there are no decisive indications of Toryism having changed with the times. The restraint of external opinion upon it will partly account for the greater lenity of its rule. And there are other causes. Toryism is yet but fresh in office. There are no sanguinary French revolutions in progress to scare the people. No plot has yet been got up successfully, though the disposi tion has plainly not been wanting. And the party itself is in a somewhat disjointed condition, from the crooked policy of its leader. Means , and appliances are not in readiness to play over again the remorse less game of Pitt We should not, therefore, rely - too confidently on the increased intelligence of the people ; nor should we rely at all on the ameliorated temper of Toryism. Were the lives of Parliamentary Reformers attempted now, as they were in 1794, there are Tory journals that would vindicate the deed.. Those days, and the spy system of Castle- that followed, and the hlanchester massacre, are looked back upon by the party without any shame, or change of opinion. They do not even deem it worth while to say that it would be abhor rent to re-enact such scenes. They have no regret that Horne Tooke, and Jeremiah Joyce, and Thomas Holcroft, were not hanged. Any reflected share in the moral responsibility of those purposed beastly murders does not offend their consciences. The dif ference is a difference of external circumstance; and not, even in profession, a difference in the actuating principle. If the Southampton pistol plot had not missed fire ; or if the other " conspiracy" hoax had succeeded ; or if any similar trick should generate alarm, however groundless, and " fright the isle from its propriety," our commemorators of the " acquitted felons" of 1794 would soon be transferred from Rad ley's to Newgate to hold their anniversary. A panic amongst the people of property, that is the only desi deratum. And we have little doubt that it will be tried on the first•promising occasion. Such legal doc trines as those of Lord Abinger would answer all the purposes which a Tory Ministry could desire. There is ample room and verge enough." Nor can we be surprisedshould a Tory Executive pursue opinion as a crime, and construe it into a treason. It is the mo rality of the party. No name can arise in literature, however bright, which it does not seek and toil to overcloud, should the author not be a tool or ally of the faction. All are judged and appreciated accord ing to their politics. We believe the party is quite ripe for a crusade against all freedom of thought and speech, and only waits its opportunity for emulating its political ancestors. HERALD.—The intelligence brought by the overland mail from India sets at rest all doubts as to the course which Lord Ellenborough has adopted beyond the Indus ' • and its chief value is that it dOes so. Sir Henry Pollock has advanced to Gundamuck at the entrance of the Khoord Caubul Pass. General Nott was en route to Ghuznee, and General England was retrograding from Candahar to obtain command over the Bolan Pass. It has, indeed, been suggested that Sir Henry Pollock has not made Gundamuck to push on to Caubul, but will diverge eastward towards Ghuzitee, and after uniting with General Nott will retire by way of the Bolan Pass on Dadur. But this suggestion is contradicted by Sir Robert Sale's order of the 16th of August, in which he calls on the officers and men of his division to march as lightly as possible, that every camel and beast of burden might be rendered available for ammunition, &c., "to enable this force to meet General Nott at Caubul." There cannot then be any doubt as to the orders which the Generals commanding-in-chief have received. Well ; Caubul will doubtless be easily reached; Generals Pollock and Nott will meet there ; one divi sion of its population, the Kuzzilbashes, is said to be disposed to receive our troops quietly; while discord and confusion seem to prevail amongst Akbar Khan and his chiefs and followers ; his breach of the laws of war will probably be avenged by the death of some thousands of his countrymen ; we may even compel him to release his prisoners ; but having re-occupied Caubul what are we to do next ? Will not our real difficulties again commence with success, as the late Lord Wellesley warned the Whig Administration in 1838 ? The difficulties which that great statesman then predicated were not to be the result of the mis management of our officials, but the consequences of the country, the people and the climate, and they are just as predicable of the reiterated as of the original assault on Affghan independence. The Duke of Wellington is said to have joined in his departed brothers warning in 1838 ; if so, his Grace must renew it in 1842- 7 for the war in Affghanis tan is as unchangeable in its nature as war in Spain. We are, it is said, only making a demonstration .of our strength, and proving to India that our armies are ultimately invincible ; the pity is then—if this be so — that we have so bad a cause in which to prove what no one within the Indus doubts—that we are obliged to demonstrate our prowess by repeating our injustice. But we do not believe that the intention of Govern ment is by any means so limited; Affghanistan will not be evacuated after Caubul has been retaken, the prisoners released, and a few royal salutes fired ; the millions which these operations will cost will not be invested so profitably ; Generals Pollock, Nott, and Sale are not marching for any such parade purposes; and Caubul re-occupied is not to be shaken off so easily. When the British flag is again mounted in the capital of the Affghans, the country will have to be re settled, another Shah will have to be placed on the musnud, and another attempt be made under his Government to reduce Affghanistan to a British dependency. Our ambition will swell as our -success progresses, and Lord Ellenborough will in cou rse of time probably see less "folly" in the de. claration of Simlah than he once did, and no "crime" in the subjugation of this distant country. P r i n ce . Futteh Jung hys re r appeared. aid accompanies Sir Henry Pollock, anticipating dophtless that elevation which the valour of Lord. Keane s. army pail - land for his father Shah Soojah. Sir Robert Peel congra tulated himsel f that death had detefinined the treaty of Lahore, it remains to be seen whether victory will not revive some part of its obligations or its spirit. ust war will always be an unfo` POST,—An unj r- . .._ . . tunate one. Victories maybegained by the assailing 1 MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. h lr e ES a TEßD a A ra l; ;ce of Ta Fß A.T a Th m e oß m m e N rc G a r a s , party—cities may be taken and sacked—thousands of foes may be slaughtered—mighty conquests may be . Ra on 'or t achieved, and mighty devastations made :—in all its , the Sardinian tariff, have generally expre ssed strong superior results, the war is still an unfortunate one. i approbation of the conductof - Sardin ia. While Injustice carries its curse with it ; and this observa- France, the United States, and other important coun tion holds good more with regard to the present age • tries have shown a bigoted predilection fora hi h' h than to any p rece di ng one—the spirit of the camp has protective system, . the little State of Sardini a , wi th. so much succumbed to that of the council chamber. out , a ' I sing e application from -. abroad, has come for- It applies, too, to Britain more forcibly than to all ward, and of her own accord, has in the most liberal nations of the earth b es id es ; for, large is as her mate- manner declared herself an advocate of free trade. vial strength, how powerless would it be in asserting A circular, which has been received by some of the dominion over the world-like regions subjected to her highest firms in the City, ; has caused a considerabl e sway, were it not for the moral support s h e d er i ves sensation , as it is one of t hose evidences of unwilling from from the impression so carefully c u lti va t e d i n the ness to satisfy gs just claims on the part of a private minds of foreigners by our olden statesmen, that vulgar American debtor which we have. often seen illustrated fraud and robbery are at all times excluded from the on a large scale by the State g overnments of the objects and purposes of any war in which we may - country. Often .... have the honest citizens of the United engage. Are our wars against the Affghans and States deplored the probableof "repudiation" Chinese effects Chinese destined to read us a harsh though whole- on the morals of their coun,try, and warned the States some lesson on the impolicy- of unjust aggression? that IC pro rgacy in a Government, is likely to be fol- Human foresight can form no clear opinion as to lowed, sooner or latter, by profligacy in individuals. when and where these wars, and the effects that may The meaning of the whole affair see ms to be this— flow.from them, are to have a termination. Up to that th e creditors of the firm in question were at last the present time, in Affghanistan, all has been dis- wearied into accepting a composition, of 50 per cent., honour and disadvantage to England. The short- as they despaired of obtaining further,an d lived lived flush of triumph that attended the first advance that they now l earn f rom the W ri ter of the circular, of Sir John Keane, has proved to all, except that who is more punctili ous th an his p artners, that the lucky person- himself, a most signal misfortune. It private property of the chi e f member of the fir paved the way, under Whig imprudence and mis- never taken into consideration, but that firm was he has con placed confidence, for the unguarded, fast-and-loose trived to keep his own fortun e un t ouc h e d, w hil e pay state of things that left our armies and our envoys ing the creditors half their dues. to be massacred by the savages whom we had wronged the .members of a firm is often the' principa l reason of essential been the point of desperation. And, since then, it has the credit given by individuals, it i s hig hly c been disaster after disaster—confusion becoming worse that such conduct as is exhibited in this aseshould confounded—as each successive month goes by. Ws be visited with the severest censure. know the beginning of the calamity, and can but specu- CHRONICLE.—Within the last eight months late on its end. From the intelligence brought by the the price of Whitby and Newcastle built ships has monthly mail just arrived,can weglean anythingolsub- fallen nearly 31. per register ton, while new ships sent stantial comfort for the conscientious and really patriotic over from America have been' sold at 3/. 10s. to 41. Englishman ? We fear not. Forward movements are per ton register, which cost the owners 81. to 101. making—movements on Ghuanee—on Caubul—with per ton . . The gross amount of British registered ton burning of villages and slaughtering of natives. Se- nage is 2,600,000 tons. The best informed parti es cresy is stated to be a feature of Lord Ellenborongh's valued this property eighteen months ago at an aver policy, but we may presume that one main object of age-of 11/. per ton, including steam-boats, the finest these movements is recovery of the British prisoners East India ships, colliers, and coasters, giving for value so long in the hands of Akbar Khan. It seems .the 28,600,0001. The same parties calculate the depre idea is that we may easily regain possession of Cau- ciation within the last eighteen months at about 40 bul, and that the surrender of Lady Sale and her corn- per cent., or 11,440,0001., a most fearful loss of pro panions will be an immediate consequence of this. party, and it is said that one-third part thereof is That it may be so we earnestly hope, but deeply do mortgaged. Ships are crowded in different parts of we lament that the prolongation of our ill-omened the globe waiting for freights, but, even at. the low visit to Affghanistan is involved in these operations. export quotations, merchants do not ask for ships, If our countrymen can be released without the in- prices in England offering no inducement. The fliction of fresh violence on people with whom we same observation as to lowness of price compared ought at this hour to be on terms of friendship, with cost of freight and charges, applies to the it is clear that any dragging on of the war case of British merchants who have goods on hand. would be altogether unadvisable. Three deadly Generally speaking, they are exported to the scourges —war, pestilence, and famine—make daily colonies at a loss, although - the- last advices from ravages amongst the British troops. And then the our Australian markets were of a more favourable narratives of outrage that we see coupled with the character. That single gleam of light in ' the black English name ! The burning of villages—the de- perspective of the future is swamped by the blunder struction of vineyards and orchards—what worthy ing American tariffs, the prohibitory ordonnancei of monuments of our national glory ! Such matters, it the French against our linen yarns, and the protee will be said, are amongst the chances of war. But tive principles manifested by the States of Germany. what a war is it ! Every one of the objects for which The renewed rumours of a commercial treaty between the Affghan expedition was said to be undertaken— Spain and England can scarcely be relied upon as yet, the raising of a " bulwark ". north-west of our Indian so as to be thrown into the. scale as a make-weifht empire—the extension of English commerce in Cen- against the gloomy catalogue. A general prostration tral Asia--the frustration of Russian intrigues—every of trade and commerce has had a most adverse influ one of these objects is now much more difficult of ence on capital embarked in shipping, and the reduc accomplishment than it would have been five years tion of the timber duties under the new tariff has added ago, before the Whigs had crossed the fatal Rubicon to the evil. Here is another instance in proof of the of rashness and wickedness. After the war is fermi- truth of the prediction delivered by Lord John RUS• noted Government will have a mighty . work on its sell, that the tariff of Sir Robert Peel would disturb hands. There will be the undoing the mischiefs gene- everything and settle nothing. Never was there a rated by this unhappy contest—mischiefs that grow political prophecy more literallyfulfilled. The new tariff with its duration. And then will come the establish- has done a vast deal of absolute-mischief, and almostthe meat of some fixed and permanent policy with the only good it has as yet -effected, is its admission of several nations that border on our territories. The a sound principle, but that eventual good bats evil opinions which, by waste of so much blood and been purchased in the mean time by an immense treasure, we have lately been at pains to inculcate amount of direct and immediate evil. The shoema amongst these nations, will make this a matter . of kers, the glove-makers, the corkcutters, the Cornwall much greater di ffi culty, now that Palmerstonian Ins- miners, the lace trade, and others, have all heen ex dom has been brought to "mature development." posed to great injury by the diminished duties levied GLOBE.—The re-occupation of Caubul by the on foreign articles imported, that now compete with British troops having now become matter of cer- them at lower prices in the English markets. Ladies tainty, and the objects for which the expedition can buy their eau de Cologne at a less exorbitant cost; was originally undertaken being apparently on their gloves, shoes, and furs at lower prices. Spices the eve of accomplishment, notwithstanding the are also lower; so are hams, tongues, and American obstructions which have so strangely been cast pork; but want of employmentand lack of wages are in its way from a quarter whence effective aid, still nearly as great as before. If Sir Robert Peel had rather than hindrance, ought to have proceeded, not touched a single article in the old tariff that he did public attention is again directed by the jour- touch, and selected instead the two staple articles of nals to the question of the policy of the first consumption only, namely, corn and sugar, he would expedition against Caubul, and the conduct of have conferred a real and substantial boon upon the the war in the Affghan territory. That, in the poverty-stricken masses of his countrymen; trade absence of new facts, anything new can be ad- would have revived ; wages would have improved ; and vanced in the way of argument, it would be vain the agriculturists would have been spared the panic to expect. The organs of party! pro and con. which has afflicted them by the recent fall in the price are compelled to refurbish their old weapons, of cattle. We have no doubt that the farmers would and in many instances to ,gather up, for the pur- also have been spared the double panic to which pose of hurling,• something at - their opponents, they have been exposed ; for if foreign corn had the very missiles which had either fallen short been admitted" during the past ' year at a fixed duty of their mark, or been broken, in the previous of Ss. per quarter, the late sudden depression in the conflict of opinions. The Herald repeats its dis- price of wheat, greatly aggravated by the numerous content at the Governor-General for having failures in Mark-lane, would not have occurred. adopted the very course which, as Lord Ellen- Wheat would not have advanced to a famine price, nor borou , ll in Opposition, he condemned ; and been down so low as 48s. per quarter. The market twits - his Lordship with the recollection of would have been regulated by a steady action of sup having applied to Lord Auckland's policy ply and demand, and we should not have known the the terms " folly" and s , cr i me "—which baneful effects resulting from extremes of high and policy lie is now carrying out—a policy low prices. The industrious mechanics; the straw by means of which alone the British empire plait-workers, and the unrepresented classes generally, in the East can be preserved from the inroads o f wou ld have been left undisturbed in their respective the North-western Powers, incited to hostilities branches of trade, while they weuld have enjoyed the against this country by the perfidious agents of b ene fit of a cheap loaf; and the interchange of Ame at least one European State. We are not about rican and European wheat for British goo under a to repeat the arguments we adduced on the ar- steady trade, would have relieved the distress which rival of the former dispatches—arguments still presses upon the manufacturing districts. The founded not on vague assumptions, but supported glut of money in London would have been absorbed by official correspondence—to show the neces- in a healthy demand to invest in commercial enter sity which was imposed upon the late Go- prise. Our foreign trade would haVe improved, and vernor-General to direct the occupation of prices would have advanced under a simultaneous im- Affghanistan by the British troops. To every provement in the price of wages. The shipping in mind capable of estimating the value of in- terest would have participated in the amelioration of disputable facts in such a controversy, those trade, and with a diminished cost for fitting out and statements—the validity of which was never working their ships, would have experienced the be questioned, and their force never repelled— nefits of an advance in freights. - would have been taken as conclusive. The te rn- — porary reverses to which the expedition was sub- LAW INTELLIGENCE. jetted, however occasioned, do not touch the po- CO&TRT OF CHANCERY, Nov. 8. .. licy which directed the occupation of the Affghan QUARRIER V. COULSON.—JUDGMENT. territory ; nor will they, however much the ef- The LORD CHANCELLOR gave judgment Ito-day in feet of those reverses have been increased by this case, which was argued some time since upon an pusillanimity and vacillation in high places, be appeal motion from the decision of the Vice-Chan able to defeat the well-conceived, and for a time cellar of England. His Lordship, in giving judg ably-executed, operations. 'The Herald---.the ment to-day, said he did not conceive that sufli most querulous of the croaking tribe—admits cient Found hail been shown to justify the Court in this to a considerable extent. restraining the defendant froth proceeding with his STANDARD.---Upon carefully examining the action at law. . The memorandum was prima facie mass of intelligence brought by the Overland evidence of the debt, and there was nothing in the Mail, we cannot find much to add to the remarks answer or the correspondenaii , . slit showed the con which we offered yesterday.. There is one point, sideration for the claim was illegal. '.' It appeared that however, upon which it nuts , be proper to offer the defendant and the testator travelled together on a remark. Some of the Indian journals speak the Continent. They agreed to divide their expenses, confidently of a misunderstanding between the the defendant paid more than his proportion, and the British Governor-General and a part at least difference constituted part of the debt,, and with re of the population of the Punjaub, and try to vect to this no objection was made. Another part of account for General England's lateral move- the d e bt c o ns i s t e d o f money lent to the testator when merit upon that hypothesis. Now we know of h e was pl a yi ng a t the public tables- at Baden Baden, the Indian journals generally, that they are not in Germany, and that the money was employ ed h in d very scrupulous in the propagation of their gaming. His Lordship did not see what groun d a e opinions upon rather slight grounds, and we cer- been shown for saying that money could ht eot m r ; tainly have seen no reason to repose much confi- covered. First, it did not appeard h a ve e athe ga been ills dente in their judgment upon military operations. played were, or that they woul d l t _ e a • late case of The death of Runjeet Sing has, no doubt, thrown even in England; and un .n ti h the Court of Ex the Punjaub into that state of- distraction which Mackinnon r. Robinson been i supposed that securities invariably attends the demise of the Sovereign's chequer, it had alwa y s h iroid by the statute of Anne, yet authority in the despotisms of the East; and in given at play, thou y might g b . e rec overed. In the case of such a state it is the most natural thing in the that the "te.Robinson, it was held v and his Lordship world that one of the contending parties should Mackin no n r n '. pe ly held, that money lent to play at il cast his eyes upon a neighbour so all power- thought l am p es o- co r uld not be recovered ; that was decided ful to aid him as the representative of the lega the g rinciple that money lent for the purpose of British empire. Almost equally natura l is it t on P a party to do an illegal act,, with the know ' that the mass of the people —always i t r u e l gre e a . ena bling ledge of the lender, was not the foundation for an Etc sufferers by domestic cOnuntoitmieonTese Tr e a d tion at law. That rule did not apply to the present gard with longing o a rt ' Keir neighbours im- case, for there was nothing to show that the gaming prosperous condition the British Government; tables were not lawful in the country in which they mediately subject to to doubt of the were. Thep resumption was, as they were ill short, there can be no reason . Punjaub,tables, that they were legal ; indeed it was-notoriou •of a British party in the. s existence in several places in Germany, they • • comprehending the majority of the po- that _. i were sanctioned probably . journals by the Government, who received arent for them. maybe Indian flu therefore, the pulation. So They may be right, too, in as- It was clear, therefore, that the money was not lent may . be right. the throne of Runjeet for the purpose of playing at ill -1 . • ning the succession to . ega .games, and his signing soon • but here we must Lordship could see nothing that prevented Sing to the party in que stion ,the defend ceaseto follow our Oriental Contempora- ant from recovering this part of the debt by an action Pun- at law. The only ries. Great Britain does not want the Pun- Lord Ellenborough has cer t a inl y e- the small a mo unt jau b , and •enterprise or the dis- that this was an illegal transaction • there trayed no passion for rash . , - positron to meddle, such as ought to expose him to show that •it was illegal by the laws o f the he to the suspicion of embroiling . the country t hat . country in which the money was won ; neither would unprofitable hosti governs in unnecessary andit have been illega l in England, because the defendant his Lordship will cheerfull t ha n 101. at a 'ides. Doubtless, Y had sworn that he had not won more lend his advice, his assistance, and, if required, s i ng l e s i tting. As the memorandum afforded prima his countenance, to whateve r ma y b e effected facie evid ence o f t hi s , and as there was not hin g to for the pacification of the States o f a neighbour show that the consideration was illegal, his Lordship and an ally hitherto faithful, and ever zealous in reason why tl , saw no Court should interfere , and the its friendship ; but it is almost certai n that ne i w h t h e defendant should not be allowed to prosecute Y will not involve his Government in a new war in ' leis action. s action. The order of the Vice-Chancellor must the pursuit of any object which the state of th e ' therefore b e reversed, and the defendant must have Punjaub can present. Even the wildest anarchy 1 the costs of the application in the Court below. of competition in that vast district would scarcely EX C ARTE ETRE IN RE W RIGHT, DIDDULPH, AND CO. The arg uments justify a hostile interference, for such anarchy i s in this case, which.'were commenced not an infectious disease; on the other hand , itresumedandconcl u de dThe generally ,to -day. generally operates as a preventive to neighbours, . case came before the Court upon a . special case in the by the wholesome lesson which it submitsfo r nature of an appeal from the decision of the late Sir their guidance. John Cross, in the Court of Review. The bank rupts - in this case lately carried on their business of At one o'clock on Sunday morning a fire, resulting bankers in Henrietta-street, Covent-garden, mid the in the destruction of property t o a l arge amount, an d a ppellant, Mr. Vincent Eyre, banked at their house. caused, it is suspected, by an' incendiary, w as dis- In the year 1835 , the appellant deposited in the h ouse covered to be raging in a range o f buildings oc cupied of the bankrupts, in a tin box, various securities, by William Gunne r , E sq., on the estate of W oo d - j am"' which were Cuba bonds to the amount of rotate Smith. Esq:, Tedding•tori. In ten minutes the 0e,003/., he having givenfor them upwards of 48,000/. whole 'farm, togetl- • • - 1 1 •of wheat, l Those bonds bore an interest of 6 per cent. let with several s tacks Li Sep • acting wagon loads of unthiashed straw. sad many valuable tember, 1838, John Wright, the principal . Ilsnt to let hint agricultural implements, were on fire. A man named partner of the firm, requested the appe . eed to John Adams has been taken into ' custody by the have 25,000/. of these Wilds, for which he r own. police on a chargeof 1 •wilfully set fire to the , deposit -1 . )9 shares in the Sou th ampton Railway . . a laving by the a ppellant; and in premises 1 pany. This was agreed to