The Sun. — London, England, 1820-10-02 00:00:00

WEEKLY RETROSPECT. REVOLUTION, or Regenerationfor we know not what to call it; but the Tree must be known by its fruits—seems still to be the order of the day, or rather of the week. POLAND, it is now said, is . tabe restored by the Emperor ALEXANDER to its Original integrity and independellfe. If such is really 'to be the case—if RUSSIA, AUSTRIA, and PRUSSIA will each give up their portion of that dissevered Country; permitting it to resume its Ricci/ye illimarehy, with a solemn promise, and fulfilment of that promise, not to interfere either - -directly or indirectly in the choice . of the People, We should certainly give those Powers great cre dit for political liberality, though we as certainly should; at the present moment, both for general and special reasons, doubt the propriety or fea sibility of the arrangetnent. _ _ That any State could start forth with a Mo narchical I..lection, without foreign interference, it is impossible to believe ; for, even if the great Powers were to promise with the truest faith to look on in silence and . inactivity, is it to be for a moment supposed that the Great Politicians of the COMMON COUNCIL of LONDON would be quiet? No ! notoven if the new Loan MAYOa were to Become a member of the " Holy Alliance," and to send the two patriotic Aldermen as his Re presentatives to the Great European Congress ! We real & jest not in this observation,; for though it is not likely that Alderman WooD'shall be: elected King of Poland, even provided Baron BERG -iv(' declines that dignity, to compensate him for losing the Election for Lord Mayor ; nor that Alderman WAITIIMAN shall exchange his yard wand, for a sceptre, and-his gold chain for a crown, to makeup for his fall from M. P., yet ' the non-interference of the,British Government would not prevent the busy Criftsmen of the Bri tish Capital from playing for Crowns, in hopes of kicking up a dust somewhere ! In short, WAR SAW Mould still become the -Theatre for all the ambitious, intermeddliiig Politicians of Europe ; and we should doubtless have J OHN CAM writing a Constitution for the Poles, just as he (lid for Flt.tNcE, until the noise of the Allie&Drums and Trumpets, sounding through the Cul de- Sac up to his political . pigeon-hole, put a noli prosequi' 'on his " juvenile essay." The Whigs indeed talk and write with rap ture about this restoration of Poland, as they call , it ; when the truth of the matter is, that Po- LAND S under her Elective Monarchy, had neither Liberty nor Independence! She was then a feu dal country, with a few great Lords, who in a great measure exercised Sovereign power upon their own Estates, having a few Nobles or pri vate Gentlemen as their retainers, ,and holding •the great mass of the People in the most slavish bondage—as serfs'—or slaves of the soil, at the nncontrolled diSposal of their Lords,. as to life, liberty, property, and, in short, in every thing which a free man can call his ! The Barons indeed were free—as free as our Barons, whoiclaimed MAGNA CHAKTA for them selves, but not for their vassals—that is, they were free to fight and cut one another's throats, whenever a new. Monarch was to be elected, lihenever a question came to a division in the ; Net, or whenever any neighbouring power chose to bribe them to sedition and rebellion, for political purposes. , But the PAnTrrioN; so loudly condemned, w'iat did it do ? It divided the Elective Mo n.trchy,"tis true—but it put a stop to civil anar chy, and it gave personal freedom and.security of property and of person to the people, who 'were no longer the slaves• of feudal Lords, but the independent subjects of free Governments — aye, of free Governments—for whatever the Whigs may say about Annual Parliaments and• Common Halls, it is not' the less a fact that the .Governments fef Austria and of Prussia, with Russia rapidly advancing to the same state, are as much, or dearly as much, founded upon public 'opinion, and upon public confidence, as our own "happy Constitution is, but still making allowance for their deficiency in general' information, and such other specific points as the mind of the can • did Politician will at once advert to. But the question is, would Poland, if restored to territorial integrity, and permitted to adopt her old Elective Monarchy, with a Diet, or Parlia ment, consisting of only one Chamber as before, be likely to increase the happiness of the existing population, or to secure the happiness of posterity even by present suffering ?—WE FEAIi NOT !- We love and admire political independence— but unless it is more than a name, it must be a I ! curse ! FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. SPANIsti PAPEIt.S'. MADRID, SEPT. B.—We have before - us a great number of documents relative to occurrences in the provinces, which appear to coincide with those which took place last week at Madrid. Among others is a Proclamation issued by General O'Do noju, dated the Sth, in which he speaks of the events at Madrid, and of the law proposed to the Cortes to regulate the patriotic societies. He says he publishes this information that the evil disposed may not .give partial and exaggerated accounts of what has taken place. We learn by other channels that Gen. O'Do noju has thought it necessary to remove from their command several officers (Gefes) ; and we ob serve, with regret, some who had previously ac quired a high character. The accounts from Guipuscoa, Navarre, Arra goo, Valencia, Murcia, Estremadura, and Gra nada, are satisfactory : but in some places there have been symptoms of alarm and mistrust, and, from the manner in which they are spoken of, they seem to bear some analogy to the events at Madrid. The information, which is sent to the provinces with the utmost rapidity, and the ce lerity with which the Captains-General have com municated it, has stifled every germ of discord, and tranquillized the good, who are no friends to convulsions and disturbances. Those who have a sincere and disinterested love for the constitu lion desire nothing more than that it may be con solidated, as they know that so importantauob ject cannot be attained without first rep`ressing the disaffected, whatever be the disguises which they assume. Tut YELLOW FEVER.--By the accounts pub lished by the. Board of Health at Cadiz, it ap pears that from , the 29th of August till the 2d of September in the' morning, there had died five persons, five had recovered, and five still re mained ill. _ In the island of Majorca, from the 16th to the 31st of August, there had died three Persons, 17 bad been cured, and the number remaining in the hospitals was 22. The whole number of deaths till the 31st of August bad been 1,914. The last de'spatch received from the Governor of the Balearic Islands, dated the 2d, states that he had commenced the purification with the corn mime of San Lorenzo, valuing many instruments and effects, with the greatest diligence, to con flpne It in . the three other infected communes ; that the mere rough estimate of this loss amounts' to.a million of dollars, and as the resources of the island are by no means sufficient to meet the other indispensable obligations,he hopes that the Government and the Provinces will afford some assistance, otherwise it will not be possible to complete an operation which must be suspended for want of means, and the destructive seeds of the contagion may spring up again next season. EXTRIGTS FROM THE SITTI,NGS OF TIIE CORTES. Svpt. I 4 —Th e debate on the maj.rats was cunt!nned. Thr first article,of the proposed law, which decrees the abolition of mnjorars, was carried by 123 votes to 24. Stne' modifica tions were preciously proposed, but, they were not ati ceded to. • . Sept. 14.—Evening Sitting.—This sitting was chiefly held for the purpose of discossiog the proposed law for the•regu lation of seafaring persons. The Committee of Commerce spoke of the .causes which ruin our Comm: rce and oor • Mercantile Marine, and the re medies to he applied : and mentioned five-principal points as necessary to he attended to. These points related to the ap pointment of Consuls, their duties, the 'instructions given them, the custom-house duties, levied on vessels and their cargoes, an account. of the consular offices, &c.; and this Committee propose— t. That the Government be asked for all poSsible inforrrta lion on these points. .2. That a copy of this exposition be given to the Govern ment, that, when the Spanish consulates in foreign eountries are regulated. officers of the marine may he preferred. This was rejected, as interfering with the funttions of Go vernment. _ Sept. 15.—The Committee on the liberty of the press pre sented a project of law on the use of this liberty, diVided into 9 heads and 78 articles; read the first time, and ordered to he printed : a great part of the sitting was occupied in debat ing on the 2d article of the law on nanjorats (or entailed estate), in which some modifications were made. Sept. lB. Mr. Poigblane proposed that a Committee should he appointed to correct the acts and Journals of the Cortes,' that they might be published with dire accuracy, anti in the best language: approved, and a Committee appointed, con sisting of M. Puigblane and fear other mentheis. The Committee of Finance proposed the following miunte of a Decree : lst, Every foreigner settled on the Spanish ter ritory, and with property in it, shall be considered as a citi zen :Along as he supports and obeys the Corislitution. 2,1, The persons and property mentioned in the Ist ailicle shall enjoy the same protection as Spaniards, acid their property. 3d. The property cannot be sequestrated, either by way of reprisal or on any other ground, unless they belint i g o to the Government. Ordered to,he consideredon 'the 18th. M. Garen read the Report of the Committee appointed to propose measures on the liberty (which all citizens should posses's) of political discussion, without abusing Read the first time. Debate on the on,jorrits continued. ArtS. '3 to In were approved. modibmtion and 'additions being misde to some. Art. 7 and 8 were however withdrawn. SECT. 16.—The Committees of Finance and Commune united presented a report on a law relative to the Customs. Art. 1. There shall be a general' Tariff of Customs for the whole Spanish Monarchy, which shall' he in force from the Ist of January, 1821, in Europe, and front. the Ist of March. 1821, in the Colonies. After a considerable debate. the Article was approved as far as the word •• Europ e inclusive, and it was reserved to a Committee to ftx the time fur the commencement of the operation of the law in America Art. 4. The Cortes shall ratify or correct Tariff every year, as' may be necessary.—Approred. A project of the law presented relative to an entire amnesty and perpetual oblivion of all 'political offences( in the Trans marine possessions of the Monarcha, which was acceded to. FLANDERS MAIL. A Flanders Mail arrived at a late hour last night, with Brussels Papers to Friday last. The • following are extracts " BRUSSELS, SEPT. €6.—A Cabinet Messengir arrived this morning at ten o'clock from the Palace of the I with dis patches for his Royal Highness the Prince of Orange. We Ivaco that his Royal Highness will set out this morning at seven o'clock for the Hague, whence he will proceed with.all‘ expedition to Warsaw to his brother in law, the Emperor Alexander. " HAmnunost, SEPT. 21.—The following Document has just been published here : COPY OF TUE CIRCULAR LETTER ADDRESSED WY THE MINISTER OF HIS MOST FAITHFUL MAJESTY TO THE SENATE OF HAMBUILGH AND THE-DIPLO MATSC BODY. St 11,—A crime of the nature of those wbirlt bare taken place in .Spain and Naples has just marked the ainlacity of sonic factions persons. Oporto, the second city of the king dom of Portugal, has been the theatre where the actors in these deplorable scenes have given the first proofs of their madness Having succeeded in seducing into their plots the troops forming the garrison of that city. they have expelled the legitituate Authorities; they tare seized on the power: they hare proclaimed Acts which belong exclusively to the Majesty of the 'Fbrune, and that without the consent of the King, who is the sole regulator of the laws according to the Constitution of the kingdom. Such a crime evidently appearing to have for its object to overthrow the royal and protecting authority, to substitute for it a popular and an archical authority, I think it is calculated , to excite-cite most serious attention of all Governments—of ill sUve ,. reigns. As a faithful atid devoted subject, and still more at Mi nister of his Most Faithful Majesty, it is my duty, Sir, to acquaint you with thii event, in order that your Court may he informed of it, and nay adopt such measures as it Titav judge proper. A. for myself, I formally prOtest against - aft acts contrary to the laws hitherto observed iu the kingdom, and opposed to the lezitimate authority of my august Sove reign and Master, unlit he shall have informed me of his in tent ions. (Signed) COMMANDEUR DE CORREA. ' Ilantburgh, 19th Sept. 1820. " MUN lett, Scrr. 15.—Since ow Minister to The Two Ski• lies has been recalled, all diplomatic relations %%WI llte Nea• politan Government have ceased, and there 6 uo intention a sending a new Atubassador to Napirs:' POLAND. On the 13th ult. the Diet of Poland was open ed at Warsaw by the Emperor ALEXANDER, who s delivered the following Speech : Representatives of the Kingdom of Polatid—lt is Stith real sanslaction that I burl myself a second time among you, an't •with pleasure renew to you the issiitance, that I follow t he 'impulse of my heart, arid cagy into execution one of my 'dearest wishes, whets I assemble you here to c o -operate in the maintenance and development of your social institutions. My confidence in yon has been the origin of these institu tions; your confidence in me will consolidate them. My ol,ject, when I gave them to yon. was to combine the power of the-Sovereign with the tuteraw.liate power, with the rights and legal wants of society. I consider these bonds as indispens a bl e , b u t t o be durable' it bey require a support in want of whi c h errs} thing earthly decays aced degenerates. Let us not forget that institutions of this kind are oily bat man ssork. Like nom himself, they want a support for their weakness, a guide agaiust eewr, au,4l like him ttictcau only find such a support and guide in Christian morality and its divine doctrines. You have remained Poles, you hear that honourable name; but .I have told you once before that only the application of the principles of this beneficent morality can restore to you so boitoorsetile a right. • Follow, therefore, on your part, these wholesome doctrines; draw from their source that sense - of probity which they recomioend .you, both towards yourselves and others ; draw from them that love of truth which aims at truth atone, which bears and speaks only her langnage ; I , llen you will ,powerfully support rue in consolidating the work of yodr regeneration. • s I have spoken to yon the words of truth, for it is truth that I ask front you ; I is i sh to hear it. from your months; let me hear it with fraahuess, bit also with composure and cordiality. It will appear to you in full light as bOl4ll as you seek it in reality, and not in vain abstractions ; as soots as you judge of your situation, according to the testimony of events, and not according to theories, which iie our days fallen en - rising am bition endeavours ti, being.forward. Lastly, truth will nisi k. your opinions as soon as you regard onlythe voice of the great interests that are confided to you—as soon as pan banish ft 0111 your deliberations all acrimony, . every partial object, and thus strew yourselves worthy . rit your honourable mission— then, and no t . before, you will base fulfilled your obligations. I will now fulfil nine—my Ministers will lay before you a view of all the measures of organization and admini,tratime which have been adopted within these two years. You will doubtless recognise with joy the good which they have effect ed, when you compare it with all those evils, the deep traces of which were to be effaced. - wish to obtain this object has perhaps tint alWayS followed the way which the form of administration that I readily „rive you prescribed. Perhaps too urgent and simultaneous mints have caused by then occeirrence in increase in the necessary t`Xpellditllle. My views, however ;have nut changed; and it is my firm will that in future the regulations once laid down shall be strictly adhered to, and the most scrupulous care be taken to econo mize the resources of the payet's of the contributions. The wishes that you have laid before me have been mist se riously cousidered. You will hear how they have heen partly satisfied already, and shall in part be fulfilled in future. YOU . ; illwe • ieliy it has been necessary to delay the accomplishment of some, and to renounce that of others. Among those which the Goveroment has willingly granted, and the projects of law •vetio h will lie laid before you.— (His Majesty then enumerates some of these proposed laws, which be eesires they will thoroughly tXattlili, what sub mitted to their consideration, and coochiars ar follows] i Represeutatiers of the Kingdom of Polatol—Skew pito et:rotary that, supported by your experience, your principles, and your sentiments, you know how to maintain a peaceful independence, a-pure liberty under the protection of your laws, Slew your contemporaries that this liberty is a friend -to order, and its blessings; that you reap the fruits of it, be cause you know how to obviate, and will always obviate the insinuations eel envy, the danger of eventide. There,are countries where use acid abuse are placed in one and the sante line ; where the spirit of evil excites-tile vain , wain of slavish imitation, and again attempts to recover its dreadful sway. Already it predominates its one part bt Europe—already it heaps these 'crimes and convulsions on each ether. Notwithstanding these unhappy events, my system of Go vernment will remain always the same ; 1 have Maven its prin ciples from the most profound sense of my duties. I shall always fulfil these duties scrupulously, lint this would not be perfectl y done if I were blind to the great truths %s kids experience teaches us. Doubtless, the age in which we live requires protecting laws as the Casis :end gtraraaetees of social order, but our age also imposes upon Princes the duty of preserving those laws from the mischievous influence of ever restless, ever blind passions. In this respect a heavy responsibility lies on you as well as on me. It commands you faithfully to follow the path Which your judgateut, your upright sense of duty prescribe to you ; it commatids me frankly to warn you of the dangers that might surround you, iu order to defend your Constitution against them; it obliges me to judge of - the measures on which I am called according to-thek real consequences, not according to the appellations with which party spirit endeavours sometimes to blacken, sometimes to adorn them,. Lastly, it obliges toe, in sailer to prevent the production of evil, mid the necessity of violent remedies, to tout out the seeds of destruction as soon as they appear. . This is my unalterable resolution. It will never negociate about my principles, nor even submit to conseut to any thing . . that way oppose them. • Poles! the wore firmly the paternal bonds are otsnsolitlated which mute you for ever with Russia, the more yogi are pene trated with the considerations which they awake in you, the more will the career which i hare opened to you lre extended and facilitated; A few steps wore under the goidatsce of wis dom and moelerat' , marled he confidence and probity, and you will he at, the g oal of your hopes and wine. The expe rience that the cala operations of your liberty consolid des your national existence, and establishes an indissoluble com munity 'of happiness between our two notions, will then at. ford we a double recompense. SWEARING IN THE NEW SHERIFFS Saturday being the day after Michaelmas-day, the new Sheriffs, according to annual, custom, were presented before the Cursitor Baron of the ExCheqUer, and the She riffs for the preceding t, year . ittended.to surrender up their office. •SoOn•after three o'clock the procession arrived at Westminster-bridge, and proceeded on foot across Palace-yard to the COnrt of Exchequer. The COMMON SERJEINT, in the absence of the Recorder, then presented the new Sheriffs to his Lordship, and after paying a compliment to their character and abilities, stated that the gentlemen who served the office of Sheriff for the past year now attended, according to usage, to give up their office, and render an account of their issues to his Majesty. • • .The new Sheriffs then put in the warrant ap pOinting their attorney, which was filed. The last year's Sheriffs then took an oath to render to his Majesty an account of the issues of their office. The CommoN SERJEANT then, on their behalf, tendered their warrant of attorney, appointing Mr. Collingridge and Mr. Turner, the Under Sheriffs of the late Sheriffs, to render in such ac count. _ _ Mr. PARKINS.—" I protest against thisappoint ment. 1 never put in Mr. Collingridge." Mr. Ald. ROTHWELL.—" I appear in. person." Mr. PARKINS- 44 So will I. Ido not consent to take Mr. Collingridge as my under Sheriff; and put no confidence in him. I wish to appoint Mr. Pullen my Under Sheriff." The Ctiust-ron BA.KoN.—" Is there any ob jection to Mr. Pullen ?" Mr. ELL.—" I object." Mr. PARKIN-.4.—" I mean nothing of a perso nat. nature to Mr. Collingridge ; but I do not give him my confidence." Mr. PULLEY.---" There are 'two Under She riffs." Tile CU TtSITO B A RON.—f 4 Then there is a Under Sheriff far each." After a vain attempt at procuring unanimity, the CUUSITOIL BARON, at the suggestion of the CoitmoN SERJEANT, adjourned the question to the first day of term. The ceremony of counting the horse shoes, the sixty-one hob nails, and chopping the sticks, was then gone through ; after-which the Court broke up, and die Sheriffs returned by water to Black friars''-bridgey and thence proceeded to the Al bion Tavern, Aidersgate-street, where they gave their first rubric dinner. Yesterday Tc Deunt was cbaunted at the French Chapel, Little King-street, Portman square, on the Duchess DE BEILILL'S safe de livery of au infant son. NfixT THURSDAY. 4.5n0 TICKFXS TO BP. IT/10 0 P L ALL WILL -BE PRIZES—TWO 4,20,000, —TWO 410,000 IN TILE FIRST FIVE MINUT P ' IN STERLING MONEY. •....'..°'' •••••• ,•••• THEATRICAL REGISTILIt• Performed on Saturday Night. g i r (tr r a °( ;' • 14F.ATRE ROYAL, COVENr-GAnDEN.--The C4mo-: 0 0 1 _fitter which, Annette and Lubitt. To which wa r A Day After the Wedding. ' 2. 11': A ft , 11. ' *HEATHE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. — The Duenna. --r Exchange no Robbery. ?, a V IIEATIME ROYAL. ENGLISH OPERA HOUSE .—Fete -CI dolt After which, The Promissory Note. To which was a 'L he Vampire. * il l' For LIIERMiII IlEvtew, and CUK4ORY TROVI2IIIS tilt First Page. ,RRAIUM IV FRIDAY I I.I SuN.—Article "Popery and rf' antisto"—fur " A ritucrar read 41Hcient Nobility. . PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK• 4 per Cent• Cons 660 Ex. Bilk, qd• •• • • per Ct. Nary Ann. —lo2iii Cons. for Acoount • • India Bonds. 17s. 19s. pr. Is. Priil MAILS. Alt HicED-2 Tliitilin, e Waterford, I 'Tolland, G .C4te°41444. 1 Fiance, 2 Hambnrgll, I Flanders. 01:4-1 Guttenburgli, I Lisbon. HIGH WATER. AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-M''' lt tie l Morning, 30 winutts ritie2 11.—Erciiing,44 niiinn,.§ THE SUN. v SOLER QUIS DICERS FALSUM LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER c 2, 15,20. .ANNIi-ERSARY of THE SUN.--:---We 1 4 tver pleasure of informing our Readers th at ;el day this Paper attained its T WENTY-E14,1"51 c‘ lll It is so well known that it commenced its 0 under the immediate auspices of that Vraf:i'lli Statesman and upright Minister, tho trious WILLIAM PITT, that we need tint -peat the fact, except to testify a' Wit 13.1,, pride attending the consciousness .of 113 ' 11 'a uniformly, firmly, and zealously tuai" his principles.— The present Proprii.O r e Conductor has been connected with the"' ij ever since the year after its origin, though l'etv only responsible for its management for abO t last four years. While the Paper remains outti his controul, it shall persevere in supportiog principles of its Illustrious Founder; andl,thel fore, we may 13:_t rerrnitted to add, that :1(; fully entitled Lo the pro 4 ection ' of a ll thc CLUBS, and of all who profess to be by the principles of the great departed Stateseoiln throughout the British Empire. The P r .1 Administration, by resolutely adopting tern of that wiie'MixdSter and disintereft ea 6 , 11/ have been able to rescue Europe from t•-•' - dreadful despotism that ever ens'litved a " gi al We trust, therefore, that they will firtid ly i Bold that system, and preserve our Constitution, in all its original purity, t:l'6 and State.. 'We received yesterday and this znorilii4 Paris Papers of Thursday and Friday 1 0t. . 04 0 Atoniteur'of Friday contains the follovriog respecting the accouchement of the DOI ° BLRRI " Fire, a. tn.—We stop the Press---a14;1 are firing—Her Royal Highness the BERRI bas been happily delivered of a r ril 40 ' The Journal des Debuts say s—" fori 47 Kid The wishes of France are gratified ; lier Highness the Duchess de Manr was i le at a quarter past twu, this morning of a 131'1. 'The same announcement appears in 0 11 ters in the Journal de Paris. 0 , The Gazette de France says--`' FO:: 1 1 The Duchess de BERRI has been (14' ; Prince. Her Royal Highness and the CO d , very well. Discharges of cannon and P e bells are announcing this happy event- apc ii Wednesday, his MAJEsTY held a C° Ministers. 11 the ft According to The Constitdionnel, a out - retlces between the Sicilians and the ,et " 1 4e te 5 , Government are at end. The Editor staileal a note to a Genoa article, that he ha d rece i t,S; letter from Genoa on W e doesdav,,st atios ch rival there of a vessel from Palermo, brought intelligence of the arrival, the e pl t h Cr .4 0 0 part, of the Neapoli ' sc tan squadron, .-- ?a ir ' PLPF. on board, and that the Junta at e 10 / had accepted the propositions made pi th 11° 1 politan Government. -e $O3l It is stated in the accounts from 50,°19; the Austrian force inltaly, m Italy, aountin of t° . ( 1), 11 1 1 men, was divided into two corps, one ie 5, 3 26,000 men was in the Venetian territ°r 1; 71 • The the other, of 21,000, in LombardY• ' off e" Ol t peror of Ars-rui.t is said to have for a 'el . / r % t POPE an Austrian garrison, but the la ell e security of the Papal States, p referred i° to o) ► b/i levy of men from 18 years of age -- ;- S tat e of' hear arms ; and this measure , it 4 t`as the article from Ancona of the lath ulty gOror J unta TI Jour ?este r j e 'tY, of w ; 4( 1 ) ks&e( "I a ttett sin ce at th, I , rt ii of de kisti t tiati The hp, 4 gre 1 (11 11 'ltily